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We  Help  You  Get 

Sheetrock  Jobs 


Sheetrock  is  a  permanent,  fire- 
proof wallboard  made  from  rock. 
It  will  not  shrink  or  pull  away 
from  the  studding  or  joists.  It 
assures  the  owner  a  lasting, 
satisfactory  job. 

Carpenters  find  Sheetrock  easy 
to  put  up.  It  comes  in  broad, 
rigid,  ceiling-high  sections.  It 
saws  and  nails  like  lumber.  It  is 
ready  immediately  for  decorat- 
ing; takes  paper,  paint  or  panels. 

If  you  want  to  increase  your 
profits  this  year,  get  the  details 
of  our  plan  for  bringing  you 
Sheetrock  jobs.  Don't  put  it  off. 
Mail  the  attached  coupon  today ! 

Sheetrock  comes  in  standard 
sizes:  %  in.  thick,  32  or  48  in. 
wide  and  6  to  10  ft*  long 


SHEETOOCK 


yhe  FIRE  PROOF 


W  A  L  L  BO  A;RD 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM     COMPANY 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 

Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St,  Chicago,  HL 

Tell  me  about  your  plan  to  get  Sheetrock  contracts. 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


LOWER 
PRICES 

NOW  ' 
PERMIT 
DEALERS 
TO  SELL 

GENUINE 

SAND'S 

LEVELS 

AT  THE 

PRICE  OF 

INFERIOR 

IMITATIONS 


DEALER  FOR 
SAND'S 


Solid=set  Wire  Marked 
Spirit  Glasses 

Sealed -In  Accuracy 

rHEN  we  first  originated  and  applied  plate 
glass  lens  protection  for  spirit  glasses  a  lot 
of  fellows  wrote  how  helpful  it  was  to  have  a  dust- 
proof,  dirt-proof,  water-proof  level. 

When  we  originated  and  applied  wire  markers  at 
each  end  of  the  bubble,  a  number  of  customers  told 
us  how  handy  it  was  to  find  exact  center  instantly. 
And  many  more  expressed  their  admiration  when 
SAND'S  Aluminum  Level  was  introduced,  for  it  is 
the  lightest  and  strongest  level  made — easy  to  read 
in  dim  corners,  high  or  low. 

But  in  addition  to  all  these  features,  SAND'S  levels 
have  provided  sealed-in,  non-adjustable  and  fool- 
proof accuracy  for  two  generations. 

Day  after  day  and  year  after  year  these  levels  have 
provided  such  unwavering,  unfailing  dependability 
that  few  of  the  old  time  craftsmen  would  consider 
any  level  but  a  SAND'S. 

Accuracy  is  as  important  today  as  yesterday. 

^nd   every   new    SAND'S   level  must   maintain   the 

reputation  of  the  SAND'S  name. 

Ask  for  SAND'S  Levels.  Any  good  dealer  can 
supply  you.  "Write  for  illustrated  folder  describing 
all  styles. 

J.  Sand  &  Sons 

4853  Rivard  St.,  Detroit,  Mich. 


It's  Made 
Just    for    the 


The  Interurban  Special  Carpenters' 
Overall  is  specially  designed  to  help  you 
keep  your  tools  right  on  the  job  with  you 
and  make  your  day's  work  easier. 

It's  made  up  of  heavy  white  Boatsail 
drill  and  has  the  best  of  workmanship. 

Here  are  the  12  Special  Pockets: 
Four  Nail  Pockets     Three  Pencil  Pockets 
Two  Front  Pockets       One  Watch  Pocket 
Two  Hip  Pockets  Rule  Pocket 

Try  Square  Loops  Hammer  Loop 

Screw  Driver  Loop 

Have  your  merchant  order  you 
a  pair  so  you  can  see  what  they 
are.  Or  send  us  $2.25  and  a  pair 
will  be  sent  prepaid.  Return  it 
and  get  your  money  if  you  don't 
like  it. 

Sherman  Overall  Mfg.  Co. 

SHERMAN,  TEXAS 

We  Make  Every  Pair  Make  Good 


An  Opportunity  to  Increase  Your  Income 

Become    a    Contractor=Agent    for 

AHrneta!  Weatherstrip 

Right  now,  when  building  activities  are  not 
so  good,  contractors  are  turning  their  at- 
tention to  side-lines  as  a  source  of  income. 

Here's  an  Opportunity  for  You 
Agents  wanted  in  every  community  to  sell 
and  install  Allmetal  Weatherstrip.  There 
is  big  money  in  it.  Homes,  office  buildings, 
public  institutions,  etc.,  are  ripe  prospects 
in   these  times   of  high   coal   costs. 

Allmetal  Weatherstrip  Agent 
Earns  $5,000 

One  of  our  contractor  agents  made  $5,000 
during  the  past  year  selling  and  installing 
Allmetal.  And  it  was 
during  a  year  when  many 
reverses  were  against 
him.  In  normal  times 
his  earnings  could  have 
been  much  bigger.  We 
give  you  exclusive  terri- 
tory and  by  our  sales 
promotional  plan  assist 
you  to  land  contracts. 
Try  our  Pecora  Calking 
and  Glazing  Compound. 
An  absolute  seal  for 
openings  between  frame 
and  masonry.  Maintains 
line  of  contact  during 
shrinking,  swelling  or 
warping-a  permanent  seal. 

Ask  for  our  selling  plan. 

ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 
12654  West  Kinzie  Street,       Chicago. 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time  by 
over  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
on  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says:       "The  Experts 
Choice  File  flies  18  hand  saws  and  is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert's  Choice  does  not  prove 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used.      DELTA 
SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 
extra  hard  saw.      Buy   your   tools    of    the    dealer    who   sell* 
Delta  Files.      He  is  the  quality  man. 


Tvinl  fhffev  Ilf  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20c, 
inutv/Hcr  2Sc  or  30c  for  trial  file,  sent  prepaid.  "' 
this  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


Do 


S$^B 


"THE  HIGHEST  GRADEFILE  MADE 
D  ELTA  "  HAN  D    SAW"fl  LETS 

CARPEKTERS'SPEC)AL4'VW" 
.'■:■•:  ■hMECHAN.IGIS  .FAVQRIiTEfaYE»cV 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


The  best  Auger  Bit  File  made —  We  will  deliver  on  receipt  of  30  cents  each. 


Could  You  Plan  and  Figure  Costs 
on  a  Home  or  Business  Building? 


earn  How  to  Handle  mg  joos  as 
Foreman,  Superintendent  or  Contractor 

Building  is  sure  to  "pick  up"  before  long.  People  already  nerd  more  homes, 
business  will  soon  need  more  stores,  shops,  factories  and  warehouses.  Greater 
opportunities  than  ever  before  are  coming  for  building  experts — men  who  know 
how  to  plan,  estimate  and  direct  work. 

If  you  are  the  workman  on  the  job,  this  is  your  time  to  prepare  to  be  the  "boss." 
If  you  are  now  a  foreman,  get  ready  to  hold  a  bigger  job  or  to  start  as  a  con- 
tractor. 

If  you  are  doing  contracting  in 
a  small  way,  more  knowledge  of 
building  methods  will  enable  you 
to  take  on  more  profitable  jobs. 

The  man  who  can  use  his  head 
to  the  best  advantage  is  the  one 
who  will  make  the  money  in  the 
building  business. 

Complete    Courses 
for  men  in  the 
Building   Trades 

Real  blue  print  plans  and  speci- 
fications to  study.  Fully  explained 
by  our  experts  who  have  had  years 
of  experience  in  the  building  con- 
struction game.  All  this  at  little 
cost  to  you  and  on  easy  terms. 

We  Teach  You — 

Plan  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building 
plan.  How  to  read  dimensions.  How  to 
read  detail  drawings.  How  to  lay  out 
work  from  plans.  How  to  stake  out 
buildings.  Practice  in  reading  complete 
blue  print  plans  from  basement  to  roof, 
etc.,  etc. 

Estimating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost 
of  materials.  Estimating  time  and  la- 
bor. How  to  figure  carpenter  work  sucb 
as  stairs,  rooting,  rafters,  etc.  Mill- 
work  :  window  and  door  frames,  mould- 
ings, cornices,  etc.  All  about  tbe  steel 
square.  Lathing  and  plastering.  Exca- 
vations. Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work. 
Fireproofing.  (ilazing.  Plumbing.  Heat- 
ing, Wiring,  etc..  etc. 

Superintending.  Methods  of  work  on 
all  classes  of  buildings.  Uses  and  prep- 
aration of  all  kinds  of  material.  Hiring 
and  handling  men. 

Also  Special  Courses  in  Architecture^ 
Drafting  for  Carpenters  and  in  Plumbing 
and  Heating  and  Ventilating,  all  taught 
by  practical  men. 

Send  the  Coupon 

Don't  delay.  At  least  find  out  about 
this  practical  training  for  bigger  pay  or 
more  profits.  Send  for  catalog.  Get  tbe 
coupon  into  the  mail  today. 


You  Can 
Learn  by 


This  free  lesson  in  Plan  Reading  shows  how 
easily  you  can  grasp  the  subject  by  the  Chicago 
••Tech"  method.  Nothing  to  pay  for  this — sent  to 
show  how  you  can  advance  by  taking  a  Chicago 
••Tech"  home  study  course.     Coupon  brings  it  free. 


ra  ea  so  g^  ^s  u 

CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE, 
139  Chicago  "Tech"  Building, 
Chicago. 

Without  obligation  on  me  please  send  Free  Trial 
Lesson  on  the  course  I  have  marked  X  below. 

I    j       Plan  Reading  and  Estimating. 

|~1       Architectural  Drafting. 


Name. 


Address. 


Post  Office State. 

Occupation 


Good    Carpenters 

Demand   Good  Tools 

The  more  particular  a  carpenter  is 

about  the  tools  he  uses,  the  more  like- 
ly he  is  to  select  Sargent  Planes  and 
Squares. 

Chief  among  the  Sargent  family  of 
planes  is  the  Auto- Set  Bench  Plane. 
With  this  plane  you  can  remove  the 
blade  for  sharpening  and  replace  it 
again  in  exactly  the  same  position, 
without  re-adjustment.  Made  in  six 
sizes.  The  Sargent  book  of  planes 
will  give  full  information  about  this 
and  other  Sargent  Planes  and  will  be 
sent  free  on  request. 

Sargent  Framing  Squares  elimin- 
ate the  usual  figuring  required  to 

get  the  lengths  and  cuts  of  hip.  val- 
ley, jack  and  common  rafters.  The 
necessary  tables  are  on  the  square. 
Simply  measure  and  read.  Sargent 
Framing  Squares  are  made  of  the 
finest  tool  steel  in  nine  finishes. 
Send  for  the  Sargent  Steel  Square 
booklet. 

Sargent  &  Company 

Hardware  Manufacturers 


55  Water  Street       New  Haven,  Conn. 


R;  vG:E,.N     T: 


■H    A    R-.  O'VV    A'  RrS4 


GET  A  FREE  COIR; 


IN 


DRAFTSMANSHIP 


LEARN   DRAFTfr 
MEN  NEEDED 

Salaries  up  to  $100  per  week.  Here  is  i 
only  OPPORTUNITY  to  get  this  Wond 
$40  Complete  Drawing  outfit,  includin 
FREE  —  PRACTICAL  COURSE  IN 
CHANICAL  DRAWING,  —  NOW  OFFE 
TO    YOU   AS    FOLLOWS 

YOUR 

NAME 

PAY   BALANCE   $9.98   ON   DELIYERJ 

This  is  a  remarkable  offer,  with  which| 
can  build  your  success  in  Draftsmanship. 
can  put  yourself  in  a  class  of  trained 
whose  services  are  always  in  Demand. 
Easy  TO  LEARN  AT  HOME  IN  T| 
SPARE  TIME.  And  it  is  your  one  chanj 
earn  the  biggest  money  of  your  life,  and|| 
be  one  of  the  most  profitable  investments! 
have  ever  made. 

The  Day  of  big  opportunities  for  Dill 
men  is  here,  and  on  whom  the  mechanics1 
dustries  of  America  and  the  entire  worlql 
pend.  The  work  is  LIGHT.  PLEASJ' 
PROFITABLE — and  No  single  profession 
day  offers  better  opportunities. 

Outfit  Consists  as  Follows: 

Eleven  piece  Professional  Draftsman's  drawing  Instrument! 
structed  of  solid  nickel  silver  and  fine  steel,  and  set  into  a 
some  VelTet  lined  pocket  book  folding  case 


also — one  drawing  board 
inch  scale  rule — supply 
French  curve — pencils — eri 
One  Protractor — Thumb 
Hon  01  the  book — A  PR 
DRAWING.  It  is  a  COt 
big  words,  no  useless  th< 
— every  day  ENGLISH — i 
No  Matter  what  your  pla] 
complete  outfit,  with  a  FK 


T-squan 
Tng    paper. — tw<     I 
rtle   of  waterproof   drawing 
nd    one    FB:-  E— 
L    COURSE    IN    II 

i.lz'ziz   matLera ..:_  ■ — ?ust 

that  you   use   every  day.  I 

or  the  future,   get   Itois  woi 

IBSE  in  PRACTICAL  DRA* 


PARTICULARS  FREE— OFFER  IS  LIMI' 
ACT     NO  W 

NATIONAL  INSTRUMENT  COMPANY 

4703  North  Hamilton  Ave.        Chicago,  lilt, 


When  you  want 
A  Good  Tool 
You  go  out  and 
You  ask  for  it 
By  Name 


You  insist 

Upon 

Only  the  kind 

Which  you  know 


getting- 


Is  good 


When  you  want 

Good  Sandpaper 

Go  out  and 

Ask  for 

Behr's   Brand   of 

Garnet   Paper 

or  Behr's  Brooklyn 

Brand  of  Flint  Paper 

It  is  good 
And  the  best 
Is   never  too  good 
For  you 

And  remember: 
It  costs 
No  more 
Than  any  other 
Brand. 


HERMAN 


&  CO..  INC. 


In  fiftieth  year. 

33=65  Tiffany  Place 

Brooklyn,  New  York  City. 


'■  ■  '*>m 


Do  You  Want 
A  Better  Job? 

THE  only  difference  between  success  and  failure 
is  a  matter  of  training.  Edison  and  Steinmetz 
and  Schwab  and  Vanderlip  and  Thayer  and 
Wanamaker — these  men  did  not  reach  their  present 
success  through  luck  or  chance. 

They  got  into  the  work  for  which  they  were 
best  fitted — and  then  trained  themselves  to 
know  more  about  their  jobs  than  anyone  else. 
When  opportunity  came — as  it  always  comes — 
these  men  were  ready  to  grasp  it  and  turn  it 
into  fame  and  dollars. 

You  have  just  as  good  a  chance  to  succeed  as  these 
men  had — perhaps  betterl  Good  positions  are  always 
■waiting .  for  trained  men — positions  that  you  can  get 
11  you  train  yourself  to  deserve  them. 

You  can  secure  this  training  easily  and  quickly 
at  home  through  spare-time  study  with  the 
International  Correspondence  Schools,  just  as 
so  many  other  men  have  done.  The  I.  C.  S. 
way  is  the  practical  way — the  fascinating  way 
— the  profitable  way. 

All  that  we  ask  is  this: — Fill  out  the  coupon  printed 
below  and  mail  it  to  Scranton.  This  doesn't  obligate 
you  in  the  least — but  it  will  bring  you  full  informa- 
tion about  the  I.  C.  S.  Today  is  the  day  to  send  in 
that  coupon.     "Tomorrow  never  comes." 

iiiTBN™EiRVEsyiSF^H^Ls 


BOX  8835 
Explain,  without  obligating 
position,  or  in  the  subject, 
D  ARCHITECT 

B  Architectural  Draftsman 
Contractor  and  Builder 
B  Building  Foreman  , 

Concrete  Builder 
3  Structural  Engineer 
3  Structural  Draftsman 
3  Ship  Draftsman 
3  I'ltimber  and  Steam  Fitter 
3  Heating  and  Ventilation. 
3  Plumbing  Inspector 

B  Foreman  Plumber 
Sheet  Metal  Worker 
3  CIVIL  ENGINEER 
3  Surveying  and  Mapping 
3  ELECTRICAL  ENGINEER 

B  Electric  Lighting  and  Rya, 
Electric  Wiring 
B  Telegraph  Engineer 
Telephone  Work 
3  MECHANICAL  ENGINEEK 
3  Mechanical  Draftsman 
3  Toolmaker 

J  Machine  Shop  Practice     . 
3  CHEMIST  " 

□  Pharmacy 

Name 


SCRANTON,  PA. 

me,  how  I  can  qualify  for  the 
before  which  I  mark  X. 

□  Navigation 

D  SALESMANSHIP 

□  ADVERTISING 

□  Window  Trimmer 

□  Show  Card  and  Sign  Palatine 
3  BUSINESS  MANAGEMENT 

3  Private  Secretary 
3  Business  Correspondent 
~  BOOKKEEPER 
_  Stenographer  and  Typist 
3  Higher  Accounting 
™  COMMERCIAL  LAW 
3  Common  School  Subjects 
3  Mathematics 
"  GOOD  ENGLISH 
ILLUSTRATING 
3  Railway  Mail  Clerk 
3  CIVIL  SERVICE 

□  MINE  FOREMAN  OltENG'B 

BGas  Engine  Operating 
STATIONARY  ENGINEER 

□  Textile  Overseer  or  Snpt. 

B  TRAFFIC  MANAGER 
AUTOMOBILES  ID  Spanish 
B  AGRICULTURE  ID  Teacher 
Poultry  Raising  I Q  Banking 


Occupation 
&  Employer. 

Street 
and  Nn 

Clty_ 


Business 

.Address  _ 


Canadians  may  send  this  coupon  to  International  corre- 
spondence Softools  Canadian,  Limited,  Montreal,  Canada 


K 


: 


50  Years 

Experience 


-,-- 


in  making  Better  Saws  en- 
ables us  to  meet  Today's  De- 
mand for  Lower  Prices. 

Hundred  of  woodworking  plants 
have  found  that  riuther  Brothers 
Patent  Dado  Heads  enable  them 
to  save  vast  amounts  in  the  time 
ordinarily  required  for  intricate 
grooving. 

The  saw  consists  of  two  outside 
cutters  and  enough  inside  cutters 
to  perform  the  required  cut.  The 
outside  cutters  may  be  used  sep- 
arately or  in  combination. 
The  Huther  Brothers  Dado  Head 
was  developed  after  a  thorough 
study  of  the  needs  for  a  saw  of 
this  'kind,  and  as  a  result  can  be 
depended  upon  to  perform  cred- 
itably at  all  times. 
The  experience  of  other  wood- 
working plants  can  be  made  yours 
if  you  will  write  for  complete  cat- 
alogue of  Huther  Dado  Heads,  or 
order  one  on  approval.  It  may 
be  returned  at  our  expense,  if  un- 
satisfactory. 


HUTHER  BROS. 
SAW  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


FLOOR  SURFACING  CONTRACTORS 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,GC0  orMore-Yeariy 


— 


New,  uncrowded  field.  Architects 
and  general  contractors  know  the 
American  Universal  and  prefer  its 
work.  They  prefer  to  sublet  the  floor 
surfacing  contracts,  as  it  is  a  big 
business  in  itself.  "We  furnish  office 
forms,  advertising,  etc., — in  fact,  we 
practically  set  a  man  up  in  business. 
Business  comes  easily. 

Re-Surfacing  Old  Floors 

Every  building,  large  or  small,  is  a  pros- 
pect. Hundreds  of  floors  right  in  your  own 
vicinity  need  re-surfacing.  The  owners  will 
be  glad  to  have  you  do  it  when  you  show 
them  how  easily  and  quickly 
the  work  can  be  done  with 
the  American  Universal  Elec- 
tric Machine.  Old  floors 
made  like  new — new  floors 
made  perfect. 

Don't    ever    get    caught    out    of 

work     again — get     into     a     big 

business    of    your    own.      Floor 

Surfacing    Contractors    pay    for 

machines  first  month  and  make 

big  profit  besides.     Write  today 

for     full     information.       Say 

whether    you    are    a    building 

contractor. 

Don't    pass    up    this    oppor- 
tunity to  get  into  a  business 
of    your    own.      We    want    to 
help    you    make    a    decision. 
Kindly    clip    out    this    para- 
graph  and   fill   in   the   infor- 
mation    requested.        (     )     I 
want  to  become  a  Floor  Sur- 
facing   Contractor.      (     ) 
r- \     I  am  not  now  a  contrac- 
g5(r  A    tor  of  any  kind,   but  was 
in  the  following  business 


(  )  I  am  a  Building 
Contractor  and  want  to 
use  it  on  my  own  con- 
tracts. Send  us  your 
name  and  address 
JKJS,  and  we  will  send 
¥^\  you  complete  liter- 
ature on  our 
prop  osition. 
Write  today. 


The  American  Floor  Surfacing 
Machine  Co. 

Originators   of    Floor   Surfacing    Machines 
522  So.  St.  Clair  Street,  Toledo,  Ohio,  U.  S.  A. 


Iron  and  Steel  Screen 


JERSEY 


Screen 


Your  recommendation  regarding  the  insect  screen  cloth  to  be  used 
in  making  new  screens  or  repairing  old  ones  carries  much  weight 
with  your  customer.  He  is  apt  to  depend  on  your  knowledge  and 
experience  and  then  hold  you  responsible  for  the  wearing  quality  of 
the  screen  cloth  used. 

When  you  make  your  recommendation  bear  these  facts  in  mind  — 

1.  Insect  screen  cloth  made  of  iron  or  steel  inevitably  rusts 
quickly  along  the  bottom  of  a  screen — where  moisture  col- 
lects— and  soon  becomes  useless. 

2.  Insect  screen  cloth,  made  of  alloys  of  copper — copper  and  tin 
(bronze),  copper  and  zinc(brass), — is  often  of  uneven  quality 
and  some  of  the  wires  will  disintegrate  long  before  the  others. 
A  screen  with  an  opening  large  enough  to  admit  flies  and 
mosquitoes  is  little  better  than  no  screen  at  all. 

3.  Insect  screen  cloth  made  of  pure  high  grade  copper,  pro- 
duced by  the  Roebling  process,  cannot  rust,  is  of  uniform 
quality  throughout,  and  is  unusually  stiff  and  strong.  Under 
like  conditions  it  will  outlast  any  of  the  other  metals  by 
many  years. 

jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  is  made  from  wire  which  is  99.8  per 
cent  pure  copper.  This  copper  wire  is  produced  in  the  Roebling 
works  by  the  Roebling  process.  It  gives  unequalled  service  under  the 
most  severe  climatic  conditions.  It  is  the  only  screen  cloth  which 
can  be  expected  to  last  when  used  near  salt  water  or  in  the  tropics. 

Hardware  and  building  supply  dealers  throughout  the  country  c 
Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  in  the  roll.  Furnished  in  stock  wjd 
18  to  60  inches.  Bright  or  dark  finish.  The  latter  is  better  bee: 
it  always  has  an  even,  weathered  appearance. 

If  the  dealer  in  your  town  can't  supply  you  with  Jersey  Copper 
Screen  Cloth  drop  us  a  line.      We  will  see  that  you  get  it. 


tmsm&»w.ymiiimtmii^—T^7— 


The  New  Jersey  Wire  Cloth  Company 

C!Q  SOUTH    lROAD   ST. 

T.-;e;ntOn  New  Jersey 


WUSMll 


Mr.  Carpenter 


WINTER     BREEZES 
WILL     SOON      BE 

LLOWING. 


Let  Us  Tell  You 
How  You  Can 
Profit   By    Them. 


The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 
METAL 
WEATHER- 
STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 


Write  Today. 


FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Aye.  Chicago 


When 

You  Want 
The  Best 


Ask  for 
The     GRIFFITH     Master 
Builder  for  64  vears  known 
as     the     GERMANTOWN 

Master  Builder.     If  you  can- 
not he  supplied  at  your  local 
dealer's    send    for    the    Master 
Builder  Catalog  of  Hammers  and 
Hatchets. 

Griffith  Tool  Works 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

Branch:  4139  W.  Kinzie  St.  CHICAGO 

LOOK  FOR  THIS  TRADE  MARK 

On  The  Tool 


^GRIFFITH. 
MASTER 
.BUILDER, 


Don't    Envy 

the. 

Dosses  Job 


YOU 


Qd    ft! 


R.ea  d  your 
Ouuo    Tufure, 

by  ichof  you  do  fo-doy.  Success    is  qeffinq. 
whcf  you  qo  of  fer-.    Constr<Jt''0"  >s  qoir>q    017 
every-Lubei-e-.   look,  of  ifa   nee^s.    Every 
buildine  uj'iII    need    a    Co  nf  roc  for-..  —  —  •»——- 

are  the  man  to 

fill    t.^af   Job 

But  you  cannot  fill  \\  u>!(o-out  knoujinq  hcu) 
to  reod  blusprinfs,  mate  esfimofes, — 
secure  contracts  and  5uptryi.se-  ujork 
"Houj"  fo  do  these  t^mes  13  rof  fbrouj  n  irj 
your-  vuo^y.  I]  13  noj  picked  up,  bof  you. 
can  be  trq'ned  ct  borJs  --  in_your  spare, 
•fime  —  by  t  3>3fe"5  ujbicb  meets  _your- 
opprovol  er^our  rjorjey  is  refunded  .  • 
S|ort  not/  —  A_years  t'lTJ*  br'moa  conforj  qnd 
independence. 

CLIP  THIS  COUPON 

WESTERN     SCHOOL    OF  ESTIMATING     AND 
PLAN    R.EADING.,   DENVER.,  COLOKAOO. 

ZIO  WEST     IJTH.     AVE. 
Pleose    send  fo  me  a  fi-ee    copy    ©f  -- 

"MAKINQ     TH^W>.l-C 
NAM  E  .  


ASSEESS. 


THE    U.  B.  A.  LEVEL 

ioofc  adjustable.         No  holes  to  cut. 

Specially  designed  for  progressive 
mechanics  and  to  take  place  of  level 
A  or  plumb  bob. 

Superior  to  other 
adjustables 
in  working  fea- 
tures. 

Attach  to  any 
length  straight 
edge  your 
work  requires. 

For  all  kinds  of 
leveling,  plumb- 
ing, grades  and 
pitches.  The 
simplest,  and 
quickest  to  ad- 
just. 

Frame  C.  R.  steel 

finished  in  Nickel 

and     Black     mat 

■  rust     proof     pro- 

;  cess.       We    guar- 

_  J  'ifai  antoe   every    one. 

Member  L.  TJ.  434,  Inventor.  Pocket  size 
3ix4.  Have  your  dealer  supply  you,  if  he 
cannot,  send  us  his  name  and  your  money 
order  and  we  vriil  mail  to  you  direct. 

Price  $1.25 

THE   UNION   LEVEL  SALES   CO. 
1979  \V.  111th  Street  Chicago. 


The  American  Woodworker 

Gasoline,  Kerosene,  or  Electric  Driven 
Used  on  the  Job  or  in  the  Shop 

Also  Made  With   Band   Saw  Attached 

Let  us  send  you  our  Bulletin  No.  77 
describing  this  and  other  profit  pro- 
ducers for  the  Carpenter,  Contrac- 
tor and  Builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Company 

136  Main  Street,   Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

New    York    Office,    50    Church    St. 
Philadelphia    Office.    The    Bourse. 


Cost  less  than  Cord  and  Weight 
installation  more  durable,  neater 
and  more  quiet. 

No  breaking  of  Cords  or  rattling  of  Weights. 
Guaranteed  for  Ten  Years 

WRITE  FOR 

Catalogue,  Blue  Prints  and  full  description 

PULLMAN  MFG.  COMPANY 


234  South  Ave.g 


Rochester,  N.  Y. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 
The    Standard    the    World    Over 

Established  1790] 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO. 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured  by 


No.  1.     Strike=plate. 

LOS  ANGELES, 


.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 


No.  2.     Lock. 


CAL. 


"As  hard  as  fire  and 
water  can  make  them" 

— The  Diss  ton  file-maker 

Disston  makes  between  sixteen 
and  eighteen  million  files  a  year. 
Some  weigh  a  tiny  fraction  of  an 
ounce.  Others  135  lbs.  Some  are 
for  a  lady's  fingernails.  Some  for 
gigantic  chunks  of  steel. 

The  supreme  test  of  a  good  file  is 
in  filing  the  teeth  of  saws — steel  cut- 
ting steel.  And  nearly  a  half- million 
Disston  Files  are  used  yearly  in  mak- 
ing Disston  Saws — "the  saws  most 
carpenters  use."  No  wonder  Disston 
Files  eat  through  the  work  in  quick 
time !  No  wonder  the  experienced 
filer  enjoys  the  feel  of  a  Disston  File 
as  it  bites  into  the  toughest  metal ! 

Disston  Files  are  Disston  made 
from  the  steel  to  the  packing  ease. 
They  are  of  good,  true  steel,  "as  hard 
as  fire  and  water  can  make  them." 

Send  for  new  free  booklet,  "The 
File  in  History." 


\SSTto 


+    HENRY  DISSTON  &  SONS,  Inc. 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


A  List  of  What  Disston  Makes 

And  in  these  Saws, Tools  and 
Files  is  that  quality  found  in 

"The  Saw  "Most  Carpenters  Use" 

Back  Saws 

Band  Saws  for  Wood  and  Metal 

Bevels 

Buck  Saws 

Butcher  Saws  and  Blades 

Circular  Saws  for  Wood,  Metal,' 
and  Slate 
Compass  Saws 
Cross-cut  Saws  and -Tools 
Cylinder  Saws 
Drag  Saw  Blades 
Files  and  Rasps 
Grooving  Saws 
Gauges — Carpenters' 

Marking,  etc. 
Hack  Saw  Blades 
Hack  Saw  Frames 
Hand,  Panel,  and  Rip  Saws 
Hedge  Shears 

3  Ice  Saws 

Inserted  Tooth 
Circular  Saws 

Keyhole  Saws 
Kitchen  Saws 

Knives — Cane,  Corn,  Hedge 
Knives — Circular — for  Cork, 

Cloth,  Leather,  Paper,  etc. 
Knives— Machine 
Levels — Carpenters'  and  Masons' 
Machetes 
Mandrels 

Milling  Saws  for  Metal 
Mitre-box  Saws 
Mitre  Rods 

One-man  Cross-cut  Saws 
Plumbs  arid  Levels 
Plumbers'  Saws 
Pruning  Saws 
Re-saws 
Saw  Clamps  and  Filing  Guides 

Saw  Gummers 

Saw-sets 

Saw  Screws 

Screw  Drivers 
Screw-slotting  Saws 
Segment  Saws 
Shingle  Saws 
Slate  Saws — Circular 
Squares— Try  and  Mitre 
Stave  Saws 
Sugar  Beet  Knives 
Swages 

Tools  for  Repairing  Saws 
Tool  Steel 
Trowels — Brick,  Plastering, 

Pointing,  etc. 
Veneering  Saws 
Webs — Turning  and  Felloe 


SAWS    TOOL 


Entered  July  22, 1 91 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1 91 2 

Acceptance  for  mailing:  at  snecial   rate  of  rjostage  Drovidcd  for  in   Section   1103,   act  of 
October  3.  1917,  authorized  on  July  S,  191S. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 
Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  bv  the  United  Brotherhood  of  ( 


Carpenters 


and  Joiners  of  America,  at 
Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established  in   1S81 
Vol.  XLII— Xo.   1 


INDIANAPOLIS,  JANUARY,   1922 


One  Dollar  Per   Year 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


I 

I 

§ 

i 

% 


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Ws&. ymc, 'moK m&. '$&*: ?sm. :m&::mz  ■  ■<♦>,  <♦> : "<♦>.: -•m. '•»*:: '*&*:. :*» 


■ 

I 

i 


Saye  Jbsf  a  Little  Today 

Do  you  wish  to  acquire  all  the  money  you  need? 

Then  save  just  a  little  to-day. 
Don't  think  you  v/ill  suddenly  fall  into  luck, 

It  seldom  has  happened  that  way. 
Your  chance  for  a  fortune  will  always  be  slim 

Until  you've  a  sum  to  invest; 
So  make  up  your  mind  that  right  now  is  the  time, 

Begin  now  to  feather  your  nest. 

For  the  big  things  don't  happen  by  luck  or  by  chance, 

They  are  born  of  the  deeds  of  the  past; 
The  small  things  we  do  every  day  are  the  things 

That  really  count  at  the  last. 
Then  do  without  something  you  think  you  would  like, 

And  save  at  least  part  of  your  pay; 
Don't  drift  unprepared  to  your  future,  my  friend, 

But  save  just  a  little  to-day. 

Get  the  habit  of  saving,  of  putting  aside, 

Though  it  may  seem  a  small  thing  to  do; 
In  the  years  that  will  come,  with  their  trials  and  tasks. 

It  may  be  the  saving  of  you. 
It  is  too  late  to  win  the  hard  struggle  for  wealth 

After  you  have  grown  aged  and  gray; 
You  must  put  in  your  bid  when  the  moment  is  ripe, 

So  save  just  a  little  to-day. 

— Herbert  Gay  Sisson,  in  Winter's  News. 


^MOSSES  '%m.  ym: :  ;«■&•.  ■&&?.  -336%.  i%m  'zm 


4 


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w^»;    '  .-y-TX--  '■■■■:<#>;■-  '-.*^>:---    .^j»>:---    .<a»-  j-:*a»-   .^^v    -.*a^v     **^" 


the    (A  n : 


ORGANIZED   STRENGTH 
(By  S.  B.  Hodges,  L.  U.  No.   037.  » 


MAN'S  success,  of  course, 
depends  upon  himself,  but 
his  success  will  be  greater 
and  he  can  reach  his  goal 
quicker  if  he  will  combine 
with  others  in  various 
ways  to  promote  the  general  interests 
in  his  line  of  work.  A  workman  who  is 
worthy  of  the  name,  will  not  lean  upon 
others  to  hold  his  job.  but  he  will  quite 
likely  do  so  to  increase  his  individual 
skill,  and  he  will  freely  join  in  with 
others  in  promoting  the  best  interests  of 
his  trade.  A  craftsman  who  has  excel- 
lent skill  with  neatness  in  turning  out 
work,  does  well  indeed  when  he  con- 
siders himself  a  specialty  salesman,  and 
that  he  is  daily  selling  his  skill  and  the 
ability  to  turn  out  work  at  his  particular 
trade.  And  in  addition  by  considering 
himself  a  press  agent  for  advertising  his 
skill:  for  it  depends  very  much  on  his 
ability  as  a  publicity  man,  and  as  spec- 
ialty sale -man  in  keeping  himself  em- 
ployed. He  is  merely  organizing  his  life 
forces  to  co-operate  with  him  in  earning 
a  living,  earning  friends  and  patrons  by 
using  the  power  of  organization. 

Individual  skill  will  bring  a  man 
meager  returns  without  some  publicity 
in  acquiring  friends  and  patrons.  A 
man's  rise  is  measured  by  his  selling 
ability  and  advertising  ability,  then  it 
is  made  more  certain  when  combined 
with  dependability ;  for  in  some  respects 
we  must  lean  on  others  in  attaining  suc- 
cess. Men  succeed  best  who  learn  best 
to  work  in  conjunction  with  others,  in 
combining  their  skill  and  intelligence 
with  other  men's  ingenuity. 

Any  craftsman  must  be  a  creator  in 
attaining  his  greatest  success  in  addi- 
tion to  the  other  qualities ;  to  be  a  cre- 
ator he  must  be  a  thinker,  by  studying- 
and  reasoning.  The  wider  of  range  and 
more  carefully  he  reads,  the  larger  will 
his  success  be  by  combining  his  creative 
genius  with  his  other  qualities ;  for  as  a 
man  is  attaining  success  he  is  building 
himself.  He  inspires  confidence  in 
others  by  having  confidence  in  himself. 
He  is  acquiring  the  good  will  of  others. 
To  create  jobs  for  the  jobless,  a  man 
must  a  thinker,  a  reasoner.  an  extensive 
reader  on  a  broad  range  of  subjects. 

We  are  up  against  the  proposition  of 
too  many  people,  or  too  few  jobs  neces- 
sary to  support  them — many  men  with 


but  few  jobs  open  to  them.  A  worker 
loves  to  work,  a  shirker  to  shirk,  and 
the  inveterate  shirker  may  be  the  best 
salesman,  the  best  advertiser,  but  he  is 
lacking  in  dependability,  and  people  will 
find  it  out.  then  he  begins  to  lose  his 
selling  ability.  To  sell  successfully  or- 
ganize, to  work  successfully  organize,  to 
attain  justice  organize,  to  live  in  rea- 
sonable security  organize,  for  acquiring 
an  equitable  taxation  organize,  for  ac- 
quiring good  government  and  keeping 
it.  organize.  Organization  begets  sol- 
idarity and  is  the  soul  of  co-operation. 
Co=Operation  the  Conception  of 
Organization 

Some  day  when  the  entire  world 
awakens  to  the  necessity  of  co-operation, 
on  that  day  our  advancement  towards 
real  achievement  will  gather  to  itself 
unexpected  momentum,  and  enlarge 
as  if  by  magic.  It  is  a  wonderful 
thing  to  have  the  friendship  of  a  man  or 
"woman,  but  far  greater  to  have  the 
friendship  of  many.  If  it  were  possible 
to  acquire  the  good  will  of  the  entire 
world  by  any  man.  he  would  receive  in 
return  for  this  great  accomplishment,. 
co-operation  that  would  hake  his  slight- 
est wish  come  true  as  if  by  magic,  co- 
operation comes  through  organization, 
organization  is  strengthened  by  good 
will,  good  will  is  a  valuable  asset  for  a 
salesman  or  publicity  man  to  acquire  in 
reaching  possible  markets.  Faith  in  the 
skill  or  product  sold,  is  faith  manifested 
in  one's  self,  and  it  is  strengthened  by 
combining  with  others  for  the  general 
good  of  all.  Co-operation  is  one  of  the 
highest  aims  of  man,  and  one  of  the 
greatest,  it  makes  all  things  possible  that 
is  desirable,  useful  or  enjoyable. 

Co-operation  begets  faith.  faith 
markets  prosperity.  Co-operation  is  a 
world-wide  necessity,  a  combination 
of  capital  and  labor,  of  nation  with  na- 
tion. Some  one  has  said  the  great  war 
was  an  effort  of  nature  to  get  mankind 
firmly  established  on  a  co-operative 
basis,  and  get  him  weaned  away  from 
his  solitary  habits.  However,  man  is  a 
great  stickler  for  personal  rights,  even 
though  be  trample*  on  other's  individual 
rights.  Organization  teaches  a  man  to 
respect  other's  rights  as  paramount  in 
acquiring  his  own  rights.  Love  is  a 
necessity  for  successfully  carrying  on 
co-operative  movements.     However,  love 


T  II.  E     C  A  K,  P  E  N  T  E  R 


13 


Is  such  a  mis-used  word,  an  abused 
word,  sometimes  wo  do  not  take  Jl  seri- 
ously when  we  use  it,  by  using  it  as  a 
blanket  in  deceiving  others. 

Co-operation  grows  successfully 
through  a  proper  conception  of  the  value 
of  love  as  an  asset  in  selling  one's  wares, 
whether  it  be  skilled  labor,  or  the  pro- 
duct of  some  one  else's  skill.  A  man 
who  has  only  his  skill  at  his  trade  to 
sell,  is  limited  as  to  markets.  So  it  is 
a  wise  thing  to  attain  proficiency  in 
Felling  ability,  advertising  ability,  by 
using  all  legitimate  means  in  his  power 
to  bring  it  about.  We  do  exceedingly 
well  when  we  lean  on  others,  but  it  is 
wise  to  pay  in  actual  service  when  do- 
ing so,  we  live  contentedly  through  will- 
ing service,  service  requires  compensa- 
tion to  give  it  a  just  valuation  in  a  com- 
munity. Service  is  a  price  exacted  by 
nature,  and  she  teaches  that  service  can 
best  be  rendered  through  co-operation, 
and  it  requires  organization,  and  organ- 
ization is  strengthened  by  good  will  is  a 
result  of  a  liberal  use  of  the  Golden  Rule, 
and  it  is  the  handmaiden  of  love. 

Standard  of  Living  Raised  Through 
Organization 

'Business  quite  generally  recognizes 
the  value  of  acquiring  the  good  will  of 
former  patrons  of  a  business,  and  it  is 
only  plain,  practical  business  sense, 
applied  to  the  art  of  selling  one's  skill 
in  working  at  some  trade.  If  it  is  fair 
for  business  men  to  get  together  and 
combine  in  stabilizing  commodities  made 
necessary  for  the  comfort  and  usefulness 
of  mankind.  Then  it  is  fair  for  men 
having  skill,  or  creative  ability  for  sale, 
to  combine  in  stabilizing  the  sale  of  this 
power;  and  making  possible  better  living 
conditions  for  men  rendering  such  use- 
ful service.  Profiteering  business  men 
freely  make  use  of  the  fact;  that  a  man 
will  develop  the  creative  genius  in  him  to 
the  detriment  of  his  business  sagacity, 
and  filch  from  him  by  devious  means  his 
discoveries. 

The  time  seems  to  be  quite  ripe  for 
the  co-operative  spirit  to  be  more  widely 
manifested  between  the  different  groups 
of  producers  of  commercial  necessities. 
As  there  are  certain  interests  deeply 
involved  in  maintaining  a  combative 
spirit  between  the  different  groups,  it  is 
becoming  a  necessity  for  the  different 
groups  to  have  a  common  ground  to  get 
together  on,  and  derive  from  it  the  full 
power  lying  concealed  in  it.     Perhaps  a 


more  liberal  use  of  the  Union  Label,  as 
it  has  some  great    potential   power  that 
is   but   slightly    developed.      It    is   a 
good     will    developer,     a     very    essential 
force  in  business  gel  ling. 

We  are  beginning  to  see  more  clearly 
as  the  months  go  by,  that  the  measure 
of  prosperity  in  any  given  community 
is  the  amount  of  wages  paid  Its  work- 
ers in  return  for  skill  and  creative  genius 
in  producing  commodities  of  use  to  man. 
And  the  individual's  success  is  greater 
through  obtaining  a  fair  price  for  the 
service  he  renders  to  society.  For  the 
individual  to  get  a  fair  wage  he  must 
organize,  for  his  own  and  fellow  man's 
good.  The  labor  of  many  machines  can 
make  a  few  men  very  rich  and  arrogant; 
but  this  kind  of  wage  fails  to  spread 
over  the  community,  for  the  commu- 
nity's good. 

A  steady  wage  for  service  sold  at  a 
fair  price  is  the  right  of  every  man.  who 
is  rendering  any  service  of  use  to  man- 
kind. And  a  fair  living  wage  can  be 
maintained  through  organization,  or  by 
co-operation.  Co-operation  has  the 
power  of  spreading  the  profits  accrued 
through  a  community's  industry  more 
evenly  amongst  workers  and  developers.. 
And  with  the  Golden  Rule  established 
between  employer,  workers,  and  the  cus- 
tomers, it  is  a  very  powerful  factor  in 
bringing  about  prosperity  for  employer 
and  worker,  with  community  as  the 
gainer,  for  prosperity  follows  as  surely 
as  night  follows  clay.  If  we  expect  to 
maintain  any  freedom,  Ave  must  organize 
in  combating  the  forces  combining  to 
curb  our  freedom.  A  more  extended 
publicity  is  a  powerful  factor  in  keeping 
the  spark  of  freedom  alive  and  in  good 
working  condition. 

A  Low   Wage   System   Exceedingly 
Pernicious 

Destructive  of  accumulated  wealth 
producing  forces!  Cheapens  human 
life! 

Possibly  the  greatest  blunder  ever 
made  by  the  great  American  Republic 
was  the  introduction  of  slavery,  as  a 
means  of  securing  cheap  labor:  for  cheap 
labor  deflates  the  buying  power  of  any 
community.  It  reacts  as  a  curse  on  any 
community  harboring  the  delusion!  It 
reacts  as  a  curse  on  any  person  practic- 
ing this  delusive  sentiment!  It  reacts 
as  a  curse  on  any  person  entertaining  or 
promoting  the  low  wage  system  in  an 
effort    to    pauperize    worthy    and    willing 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


workers  of  any  community.  A  well  or- 
ganized co-operative  community  center 
of  associated  organizations  may  be  a 
logical  solution  for  this  enervating  peril 
assailing  our  chief  source  of  liberty  of 
choice  in  choosing  our  manner  of  selling 
our  labor  and  accumulated  skill  and  ex- 
perience. 

Let  us  reason  a  little  more  closely  on 
the  phase.  The  measure  of  prosperity 
for  a  community  is  the  amount  of  week- 
ly wage  paid  out  to  its  workers  content- 
edly busy  on  necessities  and  accesseries, 
useful  for  the  health  and  happiness  of 
the  community's  citizenship;  or  in  fill- 
ing commercial  demands  on  it.  As  the 
slavery  of  humans  acted  as  a  curse  it 
now  seems  that  the  slavery  of  machines 
is  beginning  to  react  as  a  curse,  under 
the  method  the  machines  are  operated 
at  the  present  time.  If  a  man  chooses 
to  face  the  necessity  of  trying  to  sell  in 
a  non-buying  market,  let  him  continue 
going  in  his  solitary  way  in  trying  to 
sell  labor  and  capital,  in  the  form  of  ac- 
cumulated skill  and  experience  in  an 
unorganized  manner  to  well  organized 
groups  of  greedy  profiteers. 

The  group  spirit  of  our  Republic  is 
cemented  closely,  through  a  co-operative 
unionization  of  its  component  individual 
and  homeruling  states.  And  grouped 
under  its  capacious  tent  are  all  the  little 
unions,  each  fitted  to  cope  with  its  spe- 


cial phase  of  the  one  big  union's  national 
life  in  carrying  on. 

Mure  clearly  we  see  as  the  months  go 
by,  that  it  is  not  dividends  or  accrued 
profits  that  brings  in  prosperity  for  a 
community;  but  it  is  the  actual  wages 
paid  to  its  workers  that  determines  the 
degree  of  prosperity.  Defered  dividends 
can  still  be  paid  on  idle  machinery,  but 
it  lacks  the  spreading  power  demanded 
by  the  citizenry.  For  a  salesman  to 
make  sales  on  a  non-buying  market,  he 
must  be  a  booster  of  prosperity.  As 
specialty  salesmen  are  now  having  the 
freedom  curbed  in  their  manner  of  sell- 
ing wares,  whether  it  is  their  own  indi- 
vidual skill,  or  the  finished  product  of 
some  other  person's.  For  his  own  good 
and  his  fellow  salesmen's,  he  must  or- 
ganize, and  each  organization  must  co- 
operate with  other  organizations  for  at- 
taining and  maintaining  the  individual's 
rights,  in  choosing  our  manner  of  selling 
a  useful  service  to  earn  a  living.  In 
some  manner  the  earth  we  live  on  is  so 
efficiently  organized,  that  it  seems  to 
operate  automatically,  and  that  is  prob- 
ably the  highest  possible  form  of  attain- 
ment. Perhaps  after  all.  gravitation  is 
a  form  of  love  best  suited  to  the  need:; 
of  inanimate  life !  Who  knows  of  a 
surity  as  to  whether  it  is  or  not?  Co- 
operate wisely  to  receive  the  more 
abundent  life  lying  concealed  in  the  co- 
operative community  spirit  awaiting  a 
wise  development. 


NEW  WOOD    LIGHTER   THAN    CORK 


N  writing  about  a  new 
wood  for  the  insulation  of 
building  flooring,  walls 
and  ceilings,  ''The  Ameri- 
can Builder"  says: 

''Balsawood  has  about 
the  same  insulating  value  as  cork.  It 
weighs  about  one-half  as  much  as  cork 
installed  and  roughly  speaking  has  about 
one-half  the  strength  of  spruce.  It  is 
therefore  structurally  self-supporting. 
It  is  a  Central  American  wood  and  in  its 
natural  state  is  too  susceptible  to  rot  to 
be  of  much  commercial  value.  A  process 
or  treatment  has,  however,  been  de- 
veloped which  counteracts  this  tendency 
to  decay.  By  this  treatment  the  wood  is 
impregnated  with  a  substance  that  ren- 
ders it  water-resisting  and  at  the  same 
time  does  not  materially  increase  its 
weight  or  change  the  appearance  of  the 
finished   lumber,      This   wood   is   white, 

1 


soft  and  easy  to  work.  The  cell  walls 
are  extremely  thin  and  there  are  prac- 
tically no  woody  fibers.  The  cellular 
structure  is  such  that  about  92  per  cent 
of  the  total  volume  of  the  wood  is 
"dead"  air. 

"Until  comparatively  recently  practi- 
cally the  entire  supply  of  treated  balsa 
was  used  for  life  preservers  and  similar 
equipments  and  for  the  insulation  of  re- 
frigerators, refrigerator  cars  and  cold- 
storage  insulation.  There  is  a  supply  of 
the  wood  now  available,  however,  for 
such  uses  as  the  insulation  of  buildings, 
especially  for  floors  over  open  porches, 
ceilings  near  rafters,  and  for  lining 
floors,  walls  and  ceilings  or  cold  pan- 
tries. 

"Several  months  ago  the  American 
Balsa  Company  consulted  with  the 
Structural  Service  Committee  of  the 
American   Institute   of  Architects   as   tq 


THE     CARPENTER 


IS 


the  most  effective  means  of  developing 
the  proper  use  and  avoiding  the  mis-use 
of  balsa  in  building  construction.  It  was. 
decided  that  the  most  effective  means 
would  be  for  the  company  to  conduct  an 
extensive  investigation-  of  these  possible 
uses,  and  before  advertising  the  product, 
to  prepare  a  techinal  bulletin,  describing 
in  detail  the  proper  uses,  results  to  be 
expected,  methods  of  installation  and 
treatments  of  the  finished  surfaces  when 
exposed.  Much  of  this  data  has  been 
collected  and  it  is  thought  that  in  a  short 
time  this  booklet  will  be  ready  for  dis- 
tribution. 

"Treated  balsa,  as  manufactured  for 
general  commercial  use,  is  cut  into  strips 
from  about  2  in.  to  4  in.  wide.  These 
strips  are  dovetailed  and  glued  together 
into  panels  from  8  to  10  ft.  long.  The 
maximum  width  of  the  panel  is  27  in. 
The  usual  commercial  width  is  24  in. 
The  panels  are  manufactured  in  the  fol- 
lowing finished  thickness:  1  in.,  1%  in., 
2  in.  and  3  in. 

"The  edges  of  the  panels  are  made 
straight  for  butt  joints,  rebated  for 
shiplap  joints  or  splined.  The  spline, 
however,  is  not  recommended  for  use  in 
connection  with  a  panel  thinner  than 
IV2  in.  The  weight  of  commercial  balsa 
wood  varies  from  about  6  to  15  pounds 
per  cu.  ft.  The  lighter  weights  have 
the  greater  insulating  value,  and  the 
heavier  weights  the  greater  strength. 
For  such  uses  as  the  insulation  of  ceil- 
ings, the  15  pound  balsa  would  be  the 
best,  since  the  slight  loss  in  insulating 
value  would  be  more  than  offset  by  the 
advantages  of  the  increased  strength. 
For  general  refrigeration  purposes,  10 
pounds  is  usual.  For  special  refrigera- 
tion, and  where  strength  is  relatively 
unimportant,  weighs  as  low  as  6  pounds 
are  used. 

"Where  the  panels  are  to  be  attached 
directly  to  wood  studs  or  joists,  slender, 
flat-head  nails  should  be  used.     The  use 


of  cement-coated  nails  is  strongly 
recommended.  There  is  no  danger  of 
the  wood  splitting,  but  since  the  un- 
painted  wood  is  comparatively  soft,  care 
must  be  taken  not  to  allow  the  hammer 
to  dent  the  finished  surface.  A  nail-set 
should  be  used  for  driving  the  nails 
home,  and  if  the  finished  surface  is  to 
be  left  exposed  or  painted,  the  nail-holes 
should  be  puttied.  The  panels  may  also 
be  secured  in  position  by  covering  tne 
joints  between  the  panels  with  a  wood 
mould  and  securely  nailing  the  mould  to 
the  framing. 

"Balsa  may  be  painted  or  enameled, 
and  any  paint  or  enamel  suitable  for  use 
on  white  pine  may  be  used.  Painting 
or  enameling  materially  hardens  the 
surface,  and  thereby  increase  its  re- 
sistance to  denting.  For  the  inside  walls 
of  refrigerators,  where  a  cement  finish 
is  required,  dovetail  channels  are  cut  on 
the  face  of  the  panels,  to  form  a  key 
for  the  cement  mortar.  It  is  possible 
that  a  similar  construction  might  be 
developed  for  plastered  walls  and  ceil- 
ings ;  it  is  understood,  however,  that  the 
use  of  balsa  panels  as  a  base  for  plaster 
is  as  yet  largely  in  an  experimental 
stage.  The  price  of  balsa  wood  in  a 
recent  quotation  is  given  at  fifteen  to 
twenty  cents  per  board  foot  f.  0.  b. 
plant.  The  15  lb.  wood  is  cheaper  than 
the  lighter  woods. 

"It  would  appear  from  the  data  col- 
lected that  for  the  insulation  of  a  ceil- 
ing, s.uch  as  described,  the  proper  kind 
of  balsa  to  use  would  be  24  inches  wide, 
1  inch  thick,  shiplap  panels  of  the  15 
lb.  wood. 

"Balsa  should  not  be  left  exposed  to 
the  weather  before  use.  Since  it  has 
been  especially  dried  and  prepared,  for 
insulating  purposes,  it  should  be  stored 
under  cover  and  protected  the  same  as 
cork  board  or  any  other  insulating  ma- 
terial." 


NEAR  EASTERN  ART  IN  WOODWORK 

(By  Evelyn  Saxton  Conner) 


N  Cesarea  in  Asia  Minor, 
where  the  Near  East  Re- 
lief has  one  of  its  large 
orphanages,  and  where 
the  orphans  are  engaged 
in  many  kinds  of  indus- 
trial work,  no  department  is  more  popu- 
lar than  that  of  carpentry  and  cabinet 
making. 


In  the  latter  branch  of  artistry  the 
boys  vie  with  each  other  in  turning  out 
nollins  (clogs)  and  when  they  are  found 
proficient  in  this  class  of  work,  they  are 
assigned  to  little  jobs  in  cabinetmaking. 

"How  many  pairs  of  nollins  do  you 
expect  to  make  today?"  the  master 
cabinetmaker  will  ask.  It  is  not  unusual 
for  the  average  boy  to  make  four  pairs 


16 


THE     CARPE.N'TER 


of  clogs  in  a  day,  sometimes  fire. 

Proficiency  as  becomes  an  expert  in 
the  art  of  clog  making,  is  followed  by 
the  more  interesting  stage  of  wood  in- 
dustry, cabinetinaking,  and  carriage 
making.  This  is  what  the  boys  love  to 
do  and  it  is  the  sort  of  artistry  for  which 
the  greatest  demand  will  be  made  in  the 
coming  years. 

On  account  of  the  ravishes  of  war. 
with  pillaging  and  burning  incidental  to 
war  conditions,  furniture  everywhere  in 
the  Near  East  is  in  a  state  of  rack  and 
ruin  while  much  that  was  precious  has 
been   totally   destroyed. 

It  lies  with  the  rising  generation  of 
Armenians  to  perpetuate  the  art  of  wood 
carving  as  it  was  handed  on  by  their 
race  for  generations,  in  spite  of  perse- 
cution. 

In  fact,  no  furniture  was  more  beau- 
tiful than  that  to  be  seen  on  sale  in 
Near  Eastern  Cities.  Great  wooden 
screens,  carved  in  the  most  intricate  de- 
signs, from  Lebanon  Cedar,  could  be 
bought  for  a  comparatively  small 
amount.  Cabinets  and  tables,  doors  and 
window  casings,  desks  and  tabourettes 
upon  which  were  expended  the  artists 
best  efforts,  have  been  sought  by  con- 
noisseurs from  all  parts  of  the  Western 
World  who  made  collecting  a  hobby. 

Because  of  the  fact  that  pictures  or 
statues  are  not  in  use  in  Mohamedan 
countries,  all  artistic  endeavor  became 
centered  in  articles  of  furniture,  doors 
and  panels  in  use  in  homes  and  public 
buildings. 

Cabinetmaking  and  wood  carving 
were,  therefore,  considered  a  high  ex- 
pression of  art,  and  in  the  time  of  the 
Seljuk  Turks  were  brought  to  a  state 
of  singular  perfection. 

Cedar  is  the  wood  most  used  for 
screens,  caskets,  boxes,  tiny  jewel  cases, 
chest  and  all  other  knicknacs :  It  being 
light  it  is  easily  carved  into  flowers. 
leaves  and  nondescript  designs,  which 
rather  than  the  figurative  is  the  scheme 
in  use  in  Eastern  decoration. 

Circassian  Walnut  has  been  converted 
into  the  rarest  pieces  of  furniture  from 
the  oldest  times  and  it  was  because  of 
the  way  it  was  treated  by  the  wood 
artists  that  brought  it  into  such  promi- 
nence as  a   wuod  of  rare  beauty. 

Treasures  to  be  found  in  grand  homes 
and  museums  in  England  were  bought 
in  the  market  places  in  Damascus  and 
other  Eastern  cities  for  a  trifling  sum, 
by  travelers  with  an  eye  for  beauty. 


Not  long  ago,  an  American  traveler 
in  Turkey,  while  making  a  call  at  the 
American  Mission  Compound  at  Talas, 
noticed  two  logs  of  wood  which  had  been 
used  for  chopping  blocks. 

He  purchased  them  for  one  dollar  and 
had  them  taken  away  to  the  shop  of  a 
cabinet  maker.  Some  weeks  later,  the 
people  at  the  bare  Mission  House  re- 
ceived a  present  of  three  pieces,  a  desk, 
a  table  and  a  china  closet,  each  piece 
beautifully  carved  and  finished  to  look 
like  antique  articles  of  Seljuk  make. 
The  logs  were  seasoned  Circassian  wal- 
nut, that  had  been  cut  more  than  a  hun- 
dred years  before.  They  had  been 
bought  for  firewood  and  for  less  than 
it  took  to  have  them  brought  home. 

It  seems  that  if  it  had  been  practi- 
cable to  have  the  three  pieces  of  furni- 
ture brought  to  the  United  States,  they 
could  have  been  sold  as  antiques  for  a 
large  sum  of  money. 

The  Near  East  Relief  is  endeavoring 
to  revive  the  old  art  of  wood  carving 
and  cabinet  making,  by  employing  the 
best  native  workers  to  be  found,  and  by 
procuring  the  most  beautiful  pieces  of 
old  furniture  to  be  used  as  models  in 
their  workshops. 

The  orphans  show  an  interest  and 
skill  in  all  sorts  of  carpenter  work  and 
cabinet  making,  which  in  the  present 
stage  of  their  development,  indicates 
that  the  efforts  of  the  Near  East  Relief 
to  revive  an  old  and  beautiful  art,  shall 
not  have  been  made  in  vain. 

Old  Armenian  wood  artists,  proud  of 
their  skill,  often  demonstrate  their  love 
for  the  work  by  making  presents  of 
carved  wood  handicraft,  and  they  are 
glad  to  give  then-  services  as  teachers  in 
their  pride  to  have  the  art  perpetuated. 

An  American  woman  physician  in 
Turkey  was  greatly  surprised  last 
Christmas  by  receiving  a  photograph  of 
herself  done  in  bits  of  cedar  and  wal- 
nut. It  was  an  exact  reproduction  of 
an  ordinary  photograph,  taken  in  New 
York  some  years  before,  was  curiously 
wrought,  and  a  faithful  likeness.  The 
frame  was  made  of  leaves  that  were 
carved  from  Circassian  walnut,  cedar 
and  olive  'wood,  in  varied  autumn  colors 
exquisitely  blended. 

This  was  the  work  of  an  old  Armenian 
whom  she  had  befriended,  and  she  con- 
siders it  a  work  of  art  which  she  would 
not  part  with  for  any  amount  of  money. 

The  workers  in  the  Near  East  Relief 
orphanages    are    endeavoring    to    make 


THE    CARPENTER 


good  cabinet  makers  of  the  orphans  un- 
der their  care,  and  by  the  interest  taken 
in  the  work  at  the  present  stage  of  their 
development,  the  efforts  will  not  have 
been  made  in  vain. 


But  it  remains  to  be  seen,  wii't'  <t  lip- 
old  art  in  wood  carving  will  be  per- 
petuated in  the  children  that  arc  taking 

an  interest  in   the  work  as  it  is   taught 
today. 


HARMONY  OUR  GREATEST  NEED 

(By  John  Bowman.) 


HO  runs  this  Government 
of  ours — the  business  suc- 
cesses or  the  business 
failures?  An  authority 
on  the  subject  estimates 
that  95%  of  all  business 
men  are  failures,  and  as  one  of  the  95%, 
I  think  we  at  least  have  the  right  to  be 
heard. 

To  prove  I  am  qualified  to  speak  for 
this  majority,  will  say  I  am  76  years  of 
age  and  am  not  at  this  writing  out  of 
sight  of  the  poor  house.  This  default 
on  my  part  in  spite  of  having  been 
equipped  by  nature  with  exceptionally 
good  health. 

Now,  the  neighborhood  in  which  I 
live  is  made  up  largely  of  successful 
business  men  —  good  people  and  good 
neighbors  as  the  world  goes,  but  men 
who  consider  business  of  more  import- 
ance than  harmony  and  good  feeling. 
For  instance,  I  am  often  leaving  home 
for  a  job  of  work  at  the  same  time  some 
of  them  are  leaving — they  in  their  auto- 
mobiles, I  on  foot,  and  as  a  rule  I  pro- 
ceed on  foot,  for  they  seldom  stop  and 
ask  me  to  ride. 

Now,  I  have  some  other  neighbors  who 
are  carpenters,  plumbers,  bricklayers, 
etc.  Some  of  them  also  own  cars,  but 
they  are  rarely  so  intent  upon  business 
but  what  they  have  time  to  stop  and 
call,  "Get  in  and  ride,  John!"  Now 
those  are  fixed  habits  and  motives  in  the 
different  individuals  and  it  is  upon  such 
observations  that  I  base  my  conclusion 
that  we  are  suffering  now  partly  from 
what  is  termed  "good  business  adminis- 
tration." 

All  will  agree  that  our  troubles  are 
due  to  lack  of  harmony,  but  the  ques- 
tion arises  as  to  what  make  us  un- 
harmonious.  Simply  this  —  human  na- 
ture is  made  up  of  many  motives,  many 
desires,  and  the  clashing  of  those  mo- 
tives and  desires  creates  discord.  For 
instance,  one  faction  says,  "Do  away 
with  rum!''  another  says,  "Extrava- 
gance" or  "Profiteering"  or  "Unionism." 
Each  of  those  factions,  viewing  the  prob- 
lem,   think    they   have    the   cure   for   our 


nation's  ailment.  My  opinion  is,  they 
are  all  standing  on  an  angle  themselves 
and  cannot  possibly  get  a  plumb  line  on 
the  subject. 

The  difficulty,  as  I  see  it,  is  that  we 
have  not  yet  learned  the  method  of  just, 
dealing.  Justice  is  of  a  two-fold  nature 
and  can  be  given  and  taken.  The  Mosiac 
law  was  "An  eye  for  an  eye  and  a  tooth 
for  a  tooth."  This  is  the  only  law  of 
justice  in  practice  today — the  law  of 
taking  justice,  the  law  of  force.  The 
spiritual  law  of  justice  is  that  given  by 
Christ — to  get  justice  by  first  giving  it. 
The  popular  cry  will  be,  "It  won't 
work,"  but  I  know  better — it  will  work. 
As  an  example :  I  once  worked  for  a 
man  in  the  concrete  business.  His  rule 
was  not  to  hire  a  man  for  as  little  as  he 
could,  but  to  pay  him  as  high  wages  as 
the  job  would  bear  —  and  oftentimes 
more.  He  would  take  a  piece  of  work  at, 
say  $1  a  yard.  (Wages  were  about 
$2.50  a  day  at  that  time.)  "Boys," 
he'd  tell  us,  "I've  got  a  good  job — can 
pay  you  $3  a  day  on  this  one."  And  he 
would  pay  us  the  $3  a  day  and  be  satis- 
fied if  he  received  a  like  amount  for 
himself.  He  made  us  ashamed  and  we 
had  to  insist  that  he  take  more. 

Now,  that  man  could  get  nearly  any 
one  of  us  to  leave  another  job  and  go  to 
him  for  less  money.  And  with  this 
method  of  justice  he  made  a  reasonable 
profit.  Because  of  his  square  dealing 
with  his  workers,  he  received  justice 
from  them  in  return. 

Another  thing  I  have  discovered  with 
humanity  in  general  is,  the  fewer  secrets 
a  man's  business  requires  him  to  have, 
the  clearer  the  man  and  the  business 
will  be.  I  can't  conceive  that  a  busi- 
ness, requiring  private  cost  marks,  is 
productive  of  the  highest  standard  of 
business  integrity.  However,  a  small 
proportion  of  selfish,  dishonest  men  in  ;i 
competitive  business  world  can  compel 
others  to  adopt  their  methods  for  protec- 
tion, consequently,  if  the  prevailing 
methods  of  doing  business  could  be  dis- 
graced and   the   spiritual   law   applied    to 


18 


THE     CARPENTER 


business,  we  could  then  abolish  strife  in 
the  industrial  world. 

There  seemed  to  be  in  our  late  war 
some  hopes  that  it  might  be  our  last  one, 
but  in  my  judgment  that  hope  is  entirely- 
blasted,  because  since  the  cessation  of 
that  war,  each  and  every  country  is  try- 
ing its  best  to  steal  the  commerce  of 
other  nations  and  it  is  just  as  foolish  to 
expect  a  calm  sea  in  a  storm  as  to  ex- 
pect peace  in  the  midst  of  stealing. 

Statistics  show   that  during  this  last 


war  93%  of  the  Federal  income  was 
spent  for  the  purpose  of  war.  The  con- 
tinuation of  a  system  embodying  that 
condition  means  the  fall  of  our  Govern- 
ment. 

Our  greatest  need  at  this  time  is 
harmony,  and  Paul  gave  us  the  secret 
of  how  to  obtain  it  in  Romans,  the  13th 
Chapter,  8th  Verse — "Love  thy  neighbor 
as  thyself,  love  worketh  no  ill  to  his 
neighbor;  love,  therefore,  is  the  fulfill- 
ment of  the  law." 


THE  AMERICAN  LABOR  MOVEMENT 


//HINDER  the  above  caption 
the  "Alberta  Labor  News" 
says: 

"The  American  Labor 
Movement — and  this  ap- 
plies to  all  labor  move- 
rs ~nts — is  a  product  of  unrest.  So  are 
all  types  of  energizing.  There  is  no  end 
for  it.  So  long  as  labor — work — is  a 
necessity,  that  long  will  there  exist  a 
labor  movement. 

"Motive  drives  energy.  There  must 
come  from  work,  some  result  contribut- 
able  in  return  to  sustain  or  serve  as  an 
incentive — that  which  leads  to,  or  im- 
pels more  work  or  a  continuance  of 
work.  Call  the  incentive  whatever  we 
may — life  development  to  a  higher  order 
of  reproduction  or  otherwise — it  is  the 
impelling  force  that  leads  on  to  work, 
more  work. 

"Many  orders  of  work  are  there  in  our 
civilization.  Each  order  strives  for  ex- 
clusiveness  in  the  endeavor  to  force  de- 
pendability of  all  other  orders  upon  it. 
This  marks  the  period  within  which  we 
now  survive. 

"Orders  of  work  are  of  classified  ele- 
ments. Among  these  varied  elements 
we  find  the  capitalist  order  and  the  wage 
worker  order.  The  life  of  these  two 
orders,  under  the  present  industrial  sys- 
tem, although  sublimely  dependable  each 
upon  the  other,  and  so  severely  common 
in  purpose,  lines  the  two  as  most  dis- 
tinctively competitors  for  the  goal  of 
mastery. 

"Our  experience  with  the  capitalist 
as  an  order  well  defines  the  policy  pur- 
sued by  that  order  to  enforce  the  de- 
pendability upon  it  of  all  other  orders 
in  effecting  and  maintaining  supremacy. 
Further,  our  experience  is  that  the  de- 
pendability of  capital  upon  labor  is  the 
most  obstructive  barrier  to  the  capitalist. 
This  is  naturally  so  and  it  is  impossible 
of  being  overcome. 


"No  two  elements  of  modern  civiliza- 
tion are  more  naturally  antagonistic  in 
their  pursuit  for  supremacy  than  the 
orders  of  capitalists  and  wage  workers. 
In  their  competition  the  capitalist  order 
is  dependable  upon  the  wage  working 
order  to  pay  campaign  expenses  for  both 
orders. 

"In-so-far  as  the  enlistment  of  the 
force  of  other  orders  is  concerned,  let 
us  admit  that  the  capitalist  order  has  a 
decided  advantage.  Capital  is  created 
and  is  ever  present  in  its  glittering  en- 
trenchment. It  is  the  pillar  of  the  cap- 
italist order.  It  is  ever  awe-inspiring 
and  seductive.  Labor  has  not  this  ad- 
vantage. It  is  a  creative  force  and  is 
yet  compelled  to  work  to  enforce  an  in- 
tervening screen  between  all  other  or- 
ders and  the  wage  worker  order.  The 
capitalist  has  ascended  to  and  set  him- 
self up  as  the  capital  controlling  order. 
At  least  the  capitalist  order  is  so  recog- 
nized, and  without  capital,  there  could 
be  no  capitali  t  order. 

"In  its  well  fortified  position — forti- 
fied by  its  command  of  other  orders — 
the  capitalist  order  applies  its  militancy 
in  its  endeavor  to  deny  to  labor — the 
wage  worker — its  natural  and  inalien- 
able right  to  participate  in  the  regula- 
tion, direction  or  control  of  capital — 
the  product  of  labor.  Thus  we  have  the 
condition,  the  natural  formation  from 
which  is  the  present  age  industrial  prob- 
lem. 

"Of  the  various  orders  of  society  the 
wage  workers'  has  seemingly  been  the 
slowest  in  comprehending  its  force  of 
identification  in  the  way  of  commanding 
respect  from  other  orders  for  its  rights 
to  assert  a  group  interest  and  energize 
for  the  development  and  promotion  of 
that  interest.  This  group  identity  was 
never  invited  or  encouraged  by  any  other 
of  the  orders.  Neither  can  we  omit  the 
suggestion   that  the  capitalist  order  for 


THE     CARPENTER 


19 


many  decades  enjoyed  the  unified  sym- 
pathy of  all  other  orders  in  its  discour- 
agement of  the  identity  of  the  order 
rights  of  wage  workers.  Labor  has  been 
compelled  to  identify  itself. 

"Wage  workers  in  their  course  of  en- 
forcement of  their  own  identity  as  pos- 
sessed of  rights  to  pursue  the  common 
ambition  to  control,  as  an  order,  have 
been  compelled  to  overcome  the  obstruc- 
tive and  destructive  influences  that  have 
been  within  the  power  of  the  capitalist 
order  to  place  in  the  course  of  labor's 
progress.  These  obstructive  influences 
comprehend  the  disintegrating  influence 
and  elements  within,  as  well  as  those 
without  the  order.  All  of  this  has  made 
progress  slow.  All  of  this  has  added  to 
the  suspicious,  discouragements  and  lack 
of  faith  that  has  so  retarded  progress 
and  withheld  understanding  from  the 
many  yet  individually  unidentified  in  the 
movement  —  the  so-called  non-union 
wage  worker. 

"The  means  of  progress  by  wage  work- 
ers is  necessarily  to  be  determined  upon 
by  wage  workers.  "We  have  long  since 
learned  that  to  be  directed  by  the  cap- 
italist is  like  being  piloted  into  an  alley 
by  a  hold-up  man.  We  have  learned 
that  the  results  are  similar.  At  the  end 
we  are  compelled  to  resist  or  surrender 
our  possessions.  So  the  means  of  prog- 
ress must  be  determined  by  the  wage 
earner  himself  and  here  we  have  the  in- 
centive for  organization. 

"The  element  of  wage  earners  that 
has  seen  fit  to  deliberate  upon  and  adopt 
the  means  of  progress  comprise  those 
who  are  members  of  the  trades  and  labor 
unions.  All  members  of  this  element  of 
wage-earners  have  determined  that  the 
means  of  progress  is  organization.  And 
organization  is  the  result.  We,  then, 
know  that  organization,  so  far  as  our 
inventive  reasoning  ability  can  or  has 
directed  us,  is  the  institution  through 
which  we  must  progress  as  an  order. 
But  what  shall  be  the  method  and  pro- 
cess of  organization?  If  we  look  for 
answer  to  the  many  who  have  given 
deliberative  study  to  the  subject,  we 
must  accept  that  their  conviction  is  that 
the  trades  union,  with  federal  responsi- 
bility, is  the  proper  method  and  process. 
That,  in  Canada  and  the  United  States, 
is  the  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

"It  is  not  remarkable  that  from  with- 
in the  Federation  of  Labor,  as  well  as 
from  without,    there  should   come   forth 


those  who  believe  the  method  and  policy 
of  the  millions  of  Federation  of  Labor 
are  all  wrong,  and  assume  that  they 
have  a  shorter  and  more  effective  way 
to  our  objective.  In  such  cases,  our  first 
thought  is:  How  do  they  reconcile  their 
endeavor  and  their  professed  hope  of 
success  with  the  fact  that  the  multi- 
tudes of  the  trades  unions  are  the 
thoughtful  and  reasoning  element  of 
wage  earners  who  are  prepared  to  de- 
fend the  organization  of  their  own  cre- 
ation? What  process  of  reasoning  do 
they  expect  the  trades  unionist  will  ex- 
ercise to  arrive  at  the  conclusion  that  he 
had  better  tear  down  his  own  house  and 
accept  a  plan  offered  by  another  for  its 
reconstruction,  when  he  has  already 
tried  that  supposed  new  plan  and  long 
since  discarded  it? 

"The  American  Federation  of  Labor  is 
a  progressive  organization.  It  came  into 
being  upon  the  principle  of  sound  rea- 
soning and  is  based  upon  years  of  delib- 
eration. It  is  the  successor  of  industrial 
unionism.  Its  policies  and  methods  are 
subject  to  amendments  and  modifica- 
tions. It  moves  in  the  direction  pointed 
out  by  the  collective  reasoning  of  its 
various  units.  The  units  are  governed 
by  their  respective  membei'ship.  The 
majority  rules.  It  is  purely  a  demo- 
cratic institution.  Its  membership  is 
voluntary-  It  should  be  apparent  that 
when  the  individual  withdraws  and  en- 
deavors to  induce  others  to  withdraw 
and  follow  some  other  method  or  proce- 
dure or  organization  that  such  individual 
is  a  disrupter  rather  than  a  constructor 
of  organization  and  cannot  fail  to  be  so 
regarded  by  the  millions  who  are  spon- 
sors of  the  Federation  of  Labor  Move- 
ment. 

"The  Trades  and  Labor  Union  meth- 
ods and  policies  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  within  the  last  year  have 
stood  the  test.  The  success  that  has  at- 
tained during  this  period  of  depression 
and  oppression  has  clearly  vindicated  the 
reasoning  of  the  magnitudinous  mem- 
bership of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor.  Its  power  of  resistance  has  been 
tested.  Its  solidarity  has  been  deter- 
mined. Not  only  has  it  withstood  the 
batteries  of  the  capitalist  order,  but  its 
progress  has  been  very  little  obstructed 
by  the  disintegrating  machiniations  of 
dogmatic  exploiters  of  discarded  the- 
ories and  impossibilities. 

"The  continued  progress  of  the  trade 
union  movement  is  assured." 


20 


THE     CARPENTER 


THE   MAN  ON  THE   SKY   LINE 

(By  T.  L.  Fritz,  Secretary  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Carpenters'  District  Council.) 


&%TiF^gk>^  TATISTICS  prepared  by 
**&  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment disclose  the  fact 
that  5,000,000  men  are 
out  of  work,  and  it  is  a 
fair  assumption  that  de- 
pending on  these  same  men  are  millions 
of  helpless  women  and  children.  Unem- 
ployment, with  all  its  attendant  evils 
of  undernourishment,  unwholesome  liv- 
ing conditions,  developing  warped  and 
diseased  minds  and  bodies,  is  prevalent 
in  this,  the  richest  country  in  the  world. 

A  clamor  of  discordant  voices  fill  the 
air,  pretending  to  solve  the  problem. 
For  instance,  some  scribe  attached  to  a 
financial  journal  says  the  recent  drastic 
cuts  in  the  wages  of  steel  workers  would 
tend  to  stabilize  conditions  in  that  in- 
dustry, whatever  that  means.  Locally, 
we  are  told  that  if  building  mechanics 
would  cut  their  wages,  our  problem 
would  be  solved  in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
in  scores  of  other  cities  where  reductions 
have  been  made,  there  is  still  more  un- 
employment and  distress  than  in  St. 
Louis.  Yet,  the  men  who  brave  the  ele- 
ments on  the  sky  line  of  our  beloved 
city,  striving  and  toiling  to  make  this  a 
worth  while  place  to  live,  are  compelled 
to  listen  to  the  Jackal  chorus  of  these 
self-appointed  and  self-annointed  proph- 
ets or  profiteers  shouting  up  to  him  "You 
are  getting  too  much  money  for  the  job 
you  have  up  there." 

By  virtue  of  what  service  or  sacrifice 
these  men  presume  to  advise  the  workers 
is  not  stated,  but  in  a  general  way, 
among  Master  Builders  and  members  of 
the  Chamber  of  Commerce,  whence  this 
squawk  eminates  conditions  are  only 
right  when  their  profits  run  far  beyond 


the  wildest  dreams  of  the  man  of  the  sky 
line,  showing  clearly  that  their  idea  of 
prosperity  is  not  based  on  the  welfare 
of  the  workers  who  constitute  the  vast 
majority  of  citizenship,  but  rather  is 
predicated  on  the  success  of  them  and 
their  associates  in  exploiting  our  coun- 
try and  its  resources,  as  well  as  the 
great  mass  of  their  fellow  citizens,  gen- 
erally referred  to  as  the  public,  and  at 
the  same  time,  they  have  the  effrontary 
to  pose  as  representatives  of  that  same 
public. 

Will  the  worker  inquire  what  is  to  be 
done?  Let  us  hope  so.  It  will  serve  no 
good  purpose  to  sing  the  blues  or  to  rant 
and  rave  about  what  our  Government  is 
or  is  not  doing  in  this  crisis.  We  might 
as  well  recognize  the  fact  that  in  the 
conduct  of  the  nation's  affairs,  it  is  only 
the  council  of  the  class  formerly  men- 
tioned that  is  sought,  and  the  appeals  of 
labor  exciting  only  contempt  on  the  part 
of  those  in  power. 

It  is  the  fault  of  no  one  but  the  work- 
er himself  and  his  chosen  leaders  that 
this  condition  should  obtain.  Did  we 
not,  by  our  suffrage,  place  in  power  the 
very  men  who  now  trample  on  our  dear- 
est rights  and  strive  to  defeat  our  as- 
pirations for  decent  living  conditions. 
There  are  places  in  the  world  where  the 
views  of  labor  are  given  at  least  a  re- 
spectful hearing,  even  where  power  is 
exercised,  by  "divine  right,"  but  in  free 
America,  where  the  voice  of  the  people 
is  supposed  to  be  supreme,  we  have  al- 
lowed ourselves  to  be  divided  over  non- 
essential issues,  while  representatives  of 
the  small  element  in  our  population  own- 
ing our  country's  wealth  have  worked 
unitedly  to  usurp  the  functions  of  our 
Government. 


HOLDING  OUR  OWN 
And  What  It  Means  To  Our  Organization 

HE  past  year  has  been  one  of  great  moment  to  us,  and  the  lessons 
emanating  from  the  world  war  have  been  used  to  a  greater  extent  by 
the  employers  than  by  the  workers ;  the  reasons  for  this  are  patent. 

There  was  a  great  deal  said  during  the  war  about  "progaganda," 
and  it  made  a  hit  with  the  people.  There  was  propaganda  for  this, 
that  and  everything.  Acres  of  newspaper  space  were  given  over  it. 
Tons  of  good  newsprint  paper  were  scattered  all  over  the  world  in  spreading  it.  It 
wa  i  dropped  from  aeroplanes,  thrown  from  trains,  floated  on  oceans,  painted  on 
rocks,  distributed  by  sky  rocket,  etc. 

Hardly  had  the  echoes  of  war  died  out  until  we  realized  that  the  employers  had 
fully  recognized  the  power  of  propaganda,  and  were  using  it  to  shape  the  minds 


THE     CARPEXTER  21 

of  the  public  into  the  channels  of  reduced  wages,  and  endeavoring  to  point  out  the 
iniquities  of  the  labor  unions. 

Something  had  to  he  done  to  get  the  minds  of  the  people  off  the  stupendous  steals 
that  had  been  perpetrated  by  Big  Business,  Hog  Island,  aeroplane  failure,  snipping 
Board  deals,  nitro  plants,  Army  and  Navy  camp  steals,  munition  and  supply  deals, 
etc.,  for,  if  the  minds  of  the  people  were  not  diverted  to  other  things,  and  the  power 
■of  the  press  surpressed  by  liberal  allotments  from  the  above  mentioned  deals,  things 
would  have  become  mighty  unpleasant  for  a  great  many  prominent  citizens  who 
were  connected  with  the  so-called  "Big  Business"  and  one  dollar  a  year  advi  ers  of 
•our  Government  during  the  war. 

What  better  use  could  the  employers  put  the  propaganda  to  than  that  of  villify- 
ing  the  very  people  who  made  it  possible  to  win  the  war;  the  working  people  in 
general,  and  the  unions  in  particular? 

We  must  get  back  to  a  state  of  normalcy.  Yes,  that  was  the  battle  cry,  and  the 
first  step  must  be  a  TWENTY  PER  CENT  CUT  in  wages. 

We  must  do  away  with  those  awful  unions.  Men  get  into  them  in  spite  of  all 
we  can  do,  and  they  fight  to  hold  their  wages  much  more  effectively  as  a  body  than 
they  can  as  individuals.  Never  mind  the  cost  of  living,  or  the  war  inflated  cost  of 
building  materials ;  if  we  make  our  propaganda  on  the  reduction  of  wages,  and  the 
iniquities  of  the  labor  union  strong  enough  the  people  won't  think  of  us,  they  will 
only  think  that  these  are  the  things  that  are  making  life  miserable  for  them. 

We  must  get  rid  of  the  paid  union  organizers,  and  cast  aspersion  on  the  unions' 
officers ;  for  as  a  very  prominent  employer  said : 

"These  union  officers  and  organizers  are  not  afraid  of  us,  they 
know  they  won't  lose  their  jobs  if  they  talk  back  to  us;  they  have 
a  very  ungentlemanly  habit  of  disputing  our  figures,  and  are 
able  to  make  the  membership  understand  the  difference  between 
our  profits  and  the  wages  we  pay,  so,  if  we  can  get  those  fellows 
out  of  the  way  with  our  propaganda  we  will  have  very  easy 
sailing." 

Now,  we  know  that  in  some  localities,  especially  those  where  some  special  line 
of  industries  are  predominant,  such  as  iron  and  steel,  copper  mining,  textiles,  shoes, 
rubber  tires,  etc.,  and  the  industries  have  been  shut  down  for  months,  thereby 
bringing  about  stagnation  in  other  lines  dependent  on  them,  that;  our  membership 
have  suffered,  and  in  a  few  cases  where  the  members  were  so  situated  that  they 
could  not  leave  their  partly  paid  for  home,  the  children  who  were  just  at  the  age 
when  they  needed  the  guidance  of  a  father,  or  for  other  reasons  too  numerous  to 
mention  here,  they  were  not  able  to  roam  about  the  country  looking  for  a  job, 
even  though  the  prospects  of  getting  one  were  good ;  for  a  man  of  family  doing  this 
has  to  think  he  has  to  keep  his  family  at  home ;  he  has  to  live  himself,  and  it  is  like 
keeping  two  families.  Will  the  difference  of  what  he  can  make  in  another  city  more 
than  make  up  for  what  he  could  make  in  his  home  town  if  he  accepted  a  reduction 
in  wages  there,  and  often  times  in  his  despair  he  thought  he  would  vote  in  his 
union  for  a  reduction,  in  the  hope  that  this  would  stimulate  building,  and  he  would 
try  to  get  along  somehow. 

Good  stuff,  for  the  employers  who  already  had  got  a  lot  of  fat  contracts  and  now 
In  their  greed  says:  "He  stood  for  that  reduction,  he  will  stand  for  another  for  the 
same  reasons,"  and  the  two  reductions  will  make  up  for  the  insistent  demand  on  the 
part  of  the  prospective  builder  for  reduced  building  cost,  reduced  rents,  etc.,  which, 
somehow,  are  mighty  slow  to  reduce. 

Now,  there  is  where  the  activity  of  our  Local  Unions  should  come  in :  Don't  let 
your  members  drop  out  and  then  call  them  scabs  for  doing  so.  Appoint  committees 
:in  your  Local  Unions,  East,  West,  North  and  South.  You  will  be  surprised  how 
many  of  your  members  will  volunteer  to  call  on  those  who  are  becoming  delinquent, 
.and  if  they  find  a  member  out  of  work  they  may  be  able  to  help  him  find  a  job.  If 
he  is  sick  you  will  find  a  way  to  help  him,  or  if  his  pride  prevents  him  from  corning 
to  the  meeting  and  letting  others  know  of  his  distress,  tell  him  of  the  dispensation 
.granted  the  Local  Unions  by  the  General  President  under  date  of  October  21,  1921, 
copy  of  which  was  sent  to  all  Local  Unions. 

REMEMBER  THIS:  There  will  be  more  building  in  the  next  five  years  than 
you  have  any  idea  of. 


22  THE     CARPENTER 

That  it  is  harder  to  get  a  man  back  into  the  union  once  he  has  dropped  out, 
because  he  is  very  often  ashamed  of  his  own  weakness.     Added  initiation,  a- 
nioucs,  etc..  all  militate-  against  him. 

TVe  need  every  qualified  carpenter  under  any  of  the  sub-divisions  of  our  Consti- 
tution in  our  organization. 

.A  strong  Local  very  seldom  suffers  reductions  in  wages,  or  have  their  Trade 
Bides  destroyed  by  the  employe: 

Vou  don't  have  to  have  hundreds  of  members,  but  you  do  have  to  have  a  big 
percentage  of  the  best  grade  of  mechanics  in  your  union,  and  it  pays  you  to  go 
after  them.  You  will  find  the  difference  in  your  pay  envelope,  where  it  does  you 
the  most  good. 

It  don't  do  you  any  good  to  complain  that  your  Local  has  no  life  in  it.  Get  busy 
yourself  and  put  life  into  it. 

If  there  is  any  fight  in  yon  don't  waste  it  fighting  among  yourselves :  you  have 
a  big  field  in  which  to  expend  your  energies,  and  do  it  so  you  will  get  some  good 
out  of  it. 

YOUB  UNION  IS  JUST  AS   GOOD  AS   YOU  MAKE  IT. 

• 

SOMETHING   FOR   CARPENTERS   TO   READ 

HE  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America  was 
founded  in  Convention  held  ~n  Chicago,  August  12.  1881,  with  12 
Local  Unions  and  2.012  members.  Today  it  numbers  2,466  Local 
Unions  with  a  membership  of  353,587. 

The  objects  of  the  organization  are  to  discourage  piece-work:  to 
encourage  an  Apprent:  System  and  a  higher  standard  of  skill :  to 
cultivate  feelings  of  friendship  among  the  men  of  the  craft;  to  assist  each  other  to 
secure  employment:  to  reduce  the  hours  of  daily  toil:  to  secure  adequate  pay  for 
work  done;  to  improve  the  trade:  to  elevate  the  moral,  intellectual  and  social  condi- 
tion of  its  members,  and  to  furnish  aid  in  cases  of  sickness,  permanent  disability, 
or  death. 

Apprentices  over  IT  years  of  age  and  under  21.  and  candidates  over  50  years 
of  age,  can  only  be  admitted  as  semi-beneficial  members  entitled  to  benefits  of  that 
class,  viz:    §25  to  §125  in  case  of  death. 

A  candidate  to  be  admitted  to  beneficial  membership  must  not  be  less  than  21 
and  not  over  50  years  of  age.  and  must  be  a  journeyman  carpenter  or  joiner,  stair- 
builder,  ship-joiner,  millwright,  planing  mill  bench  hand,  cabinet  maker,  car  builder, 
or  be  engaged  in  running  wood- working  machinery.  He  must  be  of  good  moral 
character  and  competent  to  command  standard  wages. 

It  pays  a  Wife  Funeral  Benefit  from  $25  to  $75;  a  Member's  Funeral  Benefit 
form  $50  to  §300  and  Disability  Benefit  from  $50  -  400.  In  these  benefits 
§2,261,697.75  have  been  expended  during  the  past  four  years,  and  §7.444.074.30 
since  the  year  1883,  when  the  benefits  were  inaugurated.  In  the  past  quarter  of  a 
century  $2,750,000  was  spent  by  the  Local  Unions  for  sick  benefits,  and  the  sum 
of  $2,988,663.50  was  appropriated  by  the  General  Office  for  strike  and  lockout  pur- 
poses. This  is  fully  §13.1  S3. 337. 80  expended  for  benevolent  and  charitable  pur- 
poses. 

It  has  raised  wages  in  hundreds  of  cities,  and  placed  fully  $15,000,000  more 
wages  annually  in  the  pockets  of  the  carpenters  of  those  cities  than  they  would 
have  received  if  they  did  not  belong  to  the  organization  at  all.  At  the  same  time 
it  raised  the  wages  of  the  non-union  men.  It  also  reduced  the  hours  of  labor  to 
eight  a  day  in  1.200  cities  and  nine  hours  a  day  in  200  cities,  not  to  speak  of  many 
cities  that  have  established  the  Saturday  half-holiday.  By  these  means  30,000 
more  men  have  gained  employment.     This  is  the  result  of  thorough  organization. 

All  carpenters  are  eligible  to  membership  and  this  is  an  invitation  to  you, 
as  an  intelligent  and  up-to-date  mechanic,  to  join  the  Carpenters'  Union  of  your  city 
without  further  delay.  It  is  to  your  interest  to  hold  membership  in  such  a  growing 
and  powerful  body. 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 

THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS   AND  JOINERS 

OF  AMERICA 

Published    on    the    15th    of   each    month   at   the 

CARPENTERS'   BUILDING 

Indianapolis,   Inch 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OP 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

Publishers 

FRANK  DUFFY,   Editor 

Subscription  Price 
One  Dollar  a  Year  in  Advance,  Postpaid 

The  publishers  and  the  advertising 
agent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail= 
able  to  them  against  accepting  advertise= 
ments  from  other  than  reliable  firms,  but 
do  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
contents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap= 
pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au= 
thorities.  Therefore,  address  any  com= 
plaints  to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,  JANUARY,   1922 

Starting  the  New  Year  Right 

We  feel  that  we  could  not  start  this 
new  year  better  than  in  having,  a  heart 
to  heart  talk  with  our  Financial  Secre- 
taries and  we  wish  to  assure  them  at  the 
start  that  what  is  said  is  not  intended  to 
give  offense,  but  for  the  purpose  of  im- 
pressing on  their  minds  the  importance 
of  the  position  they  hold. 

As  all  claims  made  on  the  General 
Office  for  donations,  whether  for  death 
or  disability,  must  come  through  the 
Financial  Secretary,  he  should  readily 
perceive  the  necessity  of  the  General  Of- 
fice having  in  its  files  the  names  of  all 
the  members  of  his  Local,  together  with 
the  dates  of  their  birth  and  initiation; 
also  the  records  must  show  the  date  such 
members  went  in  arrears,  squared  up  or 
were  suspended  and  for  the  purpose  of 


this  record  it  is  absolutely  necessary 
that  a  monthly  report  of  all  transactions 
of  the  Local  where  its  membership  is 
concerned,  should  be  sent  to  the  General 
Secretary  each  and  every  month ;  other- 
wise there  is  bound  to  occur  a  lapse  in 
the  records  at  the  General  Office  and 
some  member's  claim  be  delayed  in  its 
payment,  not  through  any  fault  of  the 
individual  member,  but  through  the 
carelessness  or  oversight  on  the  part  of 
the  Financial  Secretary. 

We  fully  realize  and  appreciate  the 
fact  that  most  of  the  members  of  the 
United  Brotherhood  are  not  bookkeepers 
nor  accountants,  but  we  do  know  that 
the  monthly  reports,  with  the  different 
captions,  are  so  plain  that  "those  who 
run  may  read,"  and  we  feel  that  any 
member  of  this  United  Brotherhood  not 
qualified  should  decline  to  accept  the  re- 
sponsible position  of  Financial  Secre- 
tary. 

In  connection  with  this  it  will  not 
come  amiss  if  we  give  a  brief  outline 
of  the  transactions  necessary  to  furnish 
the  General  Office  with  an  accurate  re- 
port. 

Start  the  report  with  the  same  num- 
ber of  members  as  you  closed  the  pre- 
ceedihg  report;  then  in  the  space  for 
"Members  Initiated"  (both  beneficial 
and  semi-beneficial),  note  the  number  of 
same.  Next  note  all  admitted  on  clear- 
ance cards,  provided  their  cards  have 
matured,  in  other  words,  if  they  begin 
paying  their  dues  to  your  Local  for  that 
month ;  the  next  step  is  to  note  the  num- 
ber of  members  who  squared  up  their 
arrears  in  full,  including  the  current 
month ;  the  foregoing  should  be  added 
together  and  the  total  inserted  in  the 
space  provided.  Then  note  the  number 
of  members  who  went  three  months  in 
arrears,  granted  clearance,  expelled  or 
died;  which  added  together  and  deduct- 
ed from  the  total  given  in  the  foregoing 
will  give  the  number  in  good  standing 
and  upon  whom  per  capita  tax  is  to  be 
paid  to  the  General  Office;  always  bear- 
ing in  mind,  however,  that  additional 
tax  must  be  allowed  on  those  squaring 
arrears  for  the  months  (hey  were  in  ar- 
rears, starting  with  the  month  they  were 


24 


THE     CARPENTER 


rted  and  deducted  for  as  in  arrears, 
and  on  those  deducted  for  as  granted 
clearance. 

The  next  step  to  be  taken  is  in  filling 
out  the  body  of  the  report  under  the 
different  captions  therein,  viz :  Expelled, 
Died.  Squared  Arrears,  Members  Three 
Months  in  Arrears.  Members  Initiated, 
Admitted  on  Clearance,  Granted  Clear- 
ance and  Suspended.  In  noting  these. 
care  should  be  taken  that  the  different 
transactions  hare  taken  place  in  the 
month  for  which  the  report  is  made. 
thus  avoiding  duplications  and  double 
deductions.  Care  should  also  be  exer- 
cised in  reporting  members  admitted  on 
clearance  cards  :  as  a  member  who  comes 
from  another  Local  and  does  not  remain 
long  enough  to  become  a  dues  paying 
member  of  your  Local,  but  transfers  out 
to  another  locality,  his  name,  together 
with  the  number  of  the  Local  he  trans- 
fers from  should  be  given  and  also  re- 
ported as  granted  clearance,  however,  in 
such  cases,  it  is  not  necessary  to  report 
such  transactions  on  the  face  of  the  re- 
port, as  it  does  not  effect  the  member- 
ship of  your  Local  numerically. 

Another  duty  that  many  of  our  Finan- 
cial Secretaries  neglect  is  in  obtaining 
and  sending  to  this  Office  the  street  ad- 
dress of  their  members,  blanks  for  which 
are  furnished  by  the  General  Office,  so 
that  they  may  receive  our  official  Jour- 
nal. "The  Carpenter"  and  it  is  one  that 
is  the  cause  of  much  trouble,  as  mem- 
bers complain  of  not  receiving  their 
Journal. 

If  our  many  Financial  Secretaries,  on 
reading  this  will  heed  the  instructions 
given  and  take  it  in  the  same 
spirit  with  which  it  is  written,  we  feel 
that  we  have  started  the  New  Year  by 
doing  some  good  for  the  membership  of 
the  United  Brotherhood.  TVe  also 
feel  that  it  will  not  be  amiss  if  we  again 
call  attention  to  the  necessity  and  care- 
ful observance  of  Section  40.  Paragraph 
C.  of  the  General  Laws,  which  reads : 

"The  Trustees  shall  audit  all  books 
and  accounts  of  the  Financial  Secretary 
and  Treasurer,  and  examine  the  bank 
book  of  the  Treasurer  monthly,  and  see 
that  it  is  correct,  and  shall  report  to  the 
Local  Union,  in  writing,  and  semi-an- 
nually to  the  General  Secretary,  on 
blanks  supplied  from  the  General  Office. 
and  shall  see  that  the  Financial  Secre- 
tary and  Treasurer  are  bonded  through 
the  General  Office,  and  perform  sn 
Other  duties  as  are  provided  for  in  the 


titution  and  lLaws  of  the  United 
Brotherhood,  and  perform  any  other  du- 
ties their  Local  Union  may  direct." 

*  *      * 

High  Wages  Myth 

How  often  have  you  heard  the  state- 
ment made  that  carpenters,  bricklayers, 
hod-carriers  and  other  building  crafts- 
men get  wages  entirely  out  of  proportion 
to  either  the  skill  or  energy  required  in 
the  performance  of  their  work? 

That  is  a  stock  argument  of  the  shal- 
low-pated  critic  of  trade  unions.  It 
could  come  only  from  one  who  refuses 
to  dig  to  the  bottom  of  the  case. 

In  considering  the  wage  question  the 
element  of  opportunity  for  employment 
should  be  taken  into  account.  It  means 
nothing  at  all  if  a  man  gets  .$100  a  day 
if  the  number  of  days  he  can  get  em- 
ployment is  so  curtailed  as  to  make  his 
total  annual  earnings  comparatively 
small. 

Take,  for  instance,  the  case  of  the 
carpenter.  He  gets  $8  a  day  and  aver- 
ages, if  he  is  lucky,  200  days  per  year. 
This  means  a  yearly  income  of  $1,600 
per  year.     Is  that  too  much? 

''But."  says  the  afore-mentioned  crit- 
is,  "why  doesn't  he  work  more  days?" 
The  answer  lies  in  the  fact  that  industry 
is  run  on  a  hit-and-miss  plan  that  in- 
evitably means  waste  of  every  sort- 
There  is  no  attempt  made  to  manage 
building  operations  so  as  to  provide  con- 
tinuous employment  for  building  crafts- 
men. Building  is  usually  undertaken 
when  the  supply  of  labor  is  so  plentiful 
as  to  be  cheap. 

If  there  was  anything  like  real  "man- 
agement" in  the  conduct-  of  industry, 
periods  of  unemployment  would  not  be 
so  frequently  and  hence  the  necessity 
for  what  seems  to  be  disproportionate 
wages  would  be  lessened. 

The  inefficiency  of  "management"  is 
responsible  for  most  of  the  inequalities 
and  waste  in  industry. 

*  *      * 

Tribute  To  Labor 

President  Harding  receives  S75.000 
per  annum  as  the  head  of  a  nation  of 
more  than  100,000.000  people  and  the 
President  of  the  Pennsylvania  Railroad 
is  paid  $65,460  per  annum,  said  Con- 
gressman Parks  of  Arkansas. 

"Looking  back  across  the  years  to  the 

.  :;ning  of  the  life  of  Organized  Labor 
and  the  day  of  starvation  wages,  what 
'  .  "  l;e  asked. 

"Without    Organized    Labor,     without 


THE     CARPENTER 


2C 


their  battle  for  a  just  and  fair  wage  and 
reasonable  hour.-!  of  work,  what  would 
have  been  the  conditions  of  labor  today? 

"It  was  only  at  the  command  of  the 
Congress  of  the  United  States  that  the 
railroads  equipped  their  trains  with  safe- 
ty appliances  for  the  protection  of  the 
lives,  and  the  limbs  of  those  who  drive 
the  locomotive,  set  the  brakes  or  direct 
the  train.  I  recall  that  again  and  again 
these  men,  seeking  to  earn  their  bread 
in  the  sweat  of  their  faces — men  who 
were  free  and  not  slaves — found  it  nec- 
essary to  appeal  to  the  lawmakers,  and 
the  Government  once  more  stepped  in 
and  said  that  a  man  should  not  be  re- 
quired to  work  more  than  16  hours  a 
day :  and  then,  when  the  day  of  fast 
trains  with  the  increased  hours  incident 
thereto  came,  and  with  the  terrible  re- 
sponsibilities of  life  and  property  in  the 
hands  of  the  employes  they  again  found 
it  necessary  to  appeal  to  the  Government 
to  say  what  should  be  a  day's  work. 

"From  the  day  the  first  piece  of  steel 
was  laid  until  this  hour,  the  railroads 
have  demanded  from  the  laborer  all  that 
physical  endurance  would  permit ;  they 
have  taken  from  the  public  every  ounce 
of  flesh  they  were  able  to  extract :  they 
have  never  yielded  until  they  had  fought 
every  inch  of  the  way  and  exhausted 
every  remedy  known  to  law;  they  have 
demanded  of  communities  rights  of  way, 
station  sites  and  bonuses ;  they  have  re- 
ceived from  the  hands  of  the  Govern- 
ment enormous  tracts  of  land  to  induce 
them  to  extend  their  lines,  until  today 
their  properties  are  worth  $20,000,000. 

"Yet,  while  you  and  I  and  the  world 

are  sleeping  after  a  day's  work,   these 

railroad   employes,   who  are  so   severely 

censured  when  they  stand  up  for  what 

they  deem  to  be  their  rights,  and  even 

threaten  to  strike,  must  go  out  into  the 

night  and  into  the  storm  and  rain,  doing 

their  part  to  keep   the  wheels   of  trade 

^moving  and  to  silence  the  howl  of  the 

wolf  at  the  door.     Shall  we  condemn  the 

man  for  using  the  only  weapon  for  his 

defense  that  he  has?" 

*      *      * 

Strike  Right  Is  Natural  Right 

The  strike  is  a  natural  right ;  it  is 
man's  natural  defense;  it  existed  prior  to 
the  state  itself  and  is  a  right  which  no 
society  can  annul,  said  Cardinal  O'Con- 
nell,  of  Boston,  in  a  pastoral  letter. 

The  reasoning  of  this  churchman  is  a 
contrast  with  the  claim  of  "can't-strike" 
advocates,    that    strikes    should    be    out- 


lawed when  they  inconvenience  the  pub- 
lic— or.  in  other  words,  that  a  right  can 
be  set  aside  when  it  discommodes  so- 
ciety; and  that  the  state,  created  by 
man.  can  deny  rights  inherent  in  man. 

"It  is  a  natural  right  of  man  to  give 
or  withhold  his  labor."  said  the  cardinal. 
"It  is  man's  defense  against  injury  and 
oppression.  Man's  right  to  strike  is  then 
a  natural  right. 

"A  strike  is  not  war,  save  figurative- 
ly, but  like  war  it  should  be  considered  a 
last  resort. 

"The  state  has  the  right  to  suppress 
a  civil  war,  but  a  strike  should  never  be 
civil  war.  Sometimes  incidental  to  a 
strike,  but  not  at  all  necessary,  and 
greatly  to  be  deplored  by  true  friends  of 
labor,  are  intimidation,  disorder,  riot  and 
vioelnce.  A  strike  of  itself  does  not 
imply  any  disturbance  of  the  peace. 

"Strikes  are  called  more  frequently  on 
account  of  failure  to  pay  a  just  wage 
than  for  any  other  reason.  If  employers 
would  recognize  man's  right  to  a  juit 
wage,  another  great  mile  stone  of  prog- 
ress toward  industrial  peace  would  be 
passed. 

"There  is  plenty  to  go  round  in  this 
rich  country  of  ours. 

"The  state  should  always  maintain 
discipline,  but  the  state  has  no  right  to 
prohit  a  just  strike. 

"The  evils  and  abuses  of  the  present 
industrial  system  cannot  be  too  strong- 
ly deplored.  The  aloofness  of  the  em- 
ployer from  the  worker,  the  concentra- 
tion of  wealth  in  the  hands  of  the  few. 
the'  oppression  of  the  worker  are  abuses 
which,  while  not  universal,  are  alto- 
gether too  common.  Stories  of  excessive 
profits  and  low  wages,  of  heartless  dis- 
missals, or  inhuman  disregard  of  labor, 
are  a  disgrace  to  our  democratic  state. 

"We  must  not  look  upon  labor  as 
merely  the  expenditure  of  muscle  or 
intellectual  energy,  or  as  a  commodity 
to  be  bought  and  sold.  There  is  a  moral 
element  which  must  be  considered.    Man 

is  not  an  irresponsible  machine." 

*      *      * 

Members — Attention 
In  the  November  is<ue  we  suggested 
that  our  members  try  their  hand  in 
writing  some  article  for  publication  in 
our  official  Journal.  "The  Carpenter,"  as 
we  thought  our  readers  would  be  inter- 
ested in  getting  something  first-hand 
from  those  versed  in  our  craft.  We  still 
think  the  same.  Of  course,  if  you  can- 
not   think    of   something    to    write,    you 


26 


THE     CAKl'DNTEE 


might  run  across  an  article  or  news  item 
that  appeals  to  you  which  would  be  of 
interest  to  other  members  of  the  United 
Brotherhood  and  should  you  do  so,  by 
all  means  send  it  in — it  will  be,  at  least, 
appreciated. 

*      *      * 

Throwing  Men  Out  of  Work 

Under  the  above  caption  "The  Dear- 
born Independent"   says: 

"An  objection  to  disarmament  now 
beginning  to  be  heard  is  that  it  will 
throw  men  out  of  work.  There  are  be- 
tween three  and  four  million  men  un- 
employed in  the  United  States  and  the 
unemployment  problem  in  Britain  has 
reached  a  stage  so  acute  that  extraor- 
dinary grants  of  doles  from  the  public 
treasury  are  being  made  just  to  sheer 
off  bread  riots.  If  the  building  of  dread- 
noughts in  American  shipyards  and  on 
the  Clyde  is  halted  there  will  be  a  cor- 
responding slump  in  all  the  steel  found- 
ries and  machine  shops,  causing  thou- 
sands to  be  added  to  the  already  swollen 
ranks  of  disemployed  breadwinners. 

"Such  is  the  argument.  It  leaves  out 
of  account  several  important  facts. 
Times  are  hard  in  Britain  and  in  Amer- 
ica chiefly  because  of  war  waste  and 
destruction  and  of  the  continuance  of 
war  expenditure  on  a  war  basis  in  both 
countries.  Business  is  dull  and  factories 
closed  down  or  running  on  part  time  be- 
cause of  burdensome  taxation  to  meet 
this  wasteful  expenditure.  There  is  un- 
employment because  the  labor  and  cap- 
ital that  should  go  into  healthy  construc- 
tive activity  that  would  restore  trade  are 
going  into  the  building  of  naval  arma- 
ment and  the  making  of  big  guns  and 
shells. 

"How  many  miles  of  hard  roadbed 
could  be  built  for  the  cost  of  a  single 
battleship?  How  many  thousands  of 
acres  of  swamp-land  could  be  reclaimed 
or  of  arid  land  irrigated?  How  many 
houses  could  be  built? 

"For  the  destructive,  abnormal  and 
uncertain  jobs  armament  workers  would 
lose  through  scrapping  battleship-build- 
ing they  would  find  many  more  profit- 
able and  steadier  jobs  in  productive  and 
constructive  industry  making  for  the 
general  welfare.  Germany  is  already 
giving  us  an  object  lesson  in  this  re- 
spect. There  is  practically  no  unem- 
ployment in  that  country  today. 

"And  if  we  shall  not  manage  to  tide 
over  the  temporary  displacement  of  la- 
bor without  serious  hardship  to  the  arm- 


ament workers,  we  shall  show  ourselves 
sadly  lacking  in  intelligence." 

*  *      * 

Union  Card  Worth  $18,000  To  This 
Brother 

The  "Miami  Central  News"  recently 
commented  favorably  on  the  new  Local, 
No.  15S3  of  Lemon  City,  Fla.,  which 
closed  its  charter  membership  list  with 
a  smoker  and  a  general  good  time.  In 
mentioning  the  speakers  on  the  occa- 
sion, particular  attention  was  given  to 
the  address  delivered  by  George  Barnes. 

The  most  striking  phase  of  his  re- 
marks was  an  assertion  about  the  extent 
to  which  his  union  card  has  financially 
benefited  him  throughout  the  25  years 
he  has  held  it.  His  first  work  as  a 
journeyman  carpenter  began  in  1906,  in 
southern  New  Jersey,  at  $2  for  a  10- 
hour  day.  Soon  afterwards  he  joined 
his  union.  Ke  has  averaged  not  less 
than  nine  months'  work  each  year  since 
then.  From  the  better  wages  and  the 
shorter  working  hours  obtained  through 
his  union  affiliation,  he  has  benefited 
$17,500  in  the  25  years.  Adding  over- 
time pay  and  other  incidental  benefits, 
he  calculates  his  union  card  has  bene- 
fited him  not  less  than  $18,000  financi- 
ally— a  conservative  sum,  too,  he  con- 
siders it. 

Without  the  carpenters'  union,  said 
Mr.  Barnes,  all  carpenters  probably  now 
would  be  receiving  about  $3  for  a  10- 
hour  day.  It  should  be  clear  to  non- 
union carpenters,  therefore,  that  the 
union  vastly  aids  in  keeping  up  their 
wages  also. 

Furthermore,  said  Mr.  Barnes,  his 
study  of  political,  economic,  and  indus- 
trial conditions  in  our  country  convinces 
him  that  our  trade  unions  are  not  prog- 
ressing nor  enlarging  fast  enough. 
Either  the  trade  unions  must  become 
stronger  or  this  country  will  witness  an 
industrial  civil  war.  This  calamity  can 
be  averted  only  by  expansion  and  pros- 
perity of  our  trade  unions,  he  believes. 

*  *      * 

Rockefeller's    "Union"    Meets    Predicted 
Fate 

The  1914  miners'  strike  in  southern 
Colorado  was  followed  by  a  company 
"union,"  approved  by  John  D.  Rock- 
efeller, Jr.,  and  hailed  by.  President  Wel- 
born  of  the  Colorado  Fuel  and  Iron 
Company  as  industrial  democracy.  The 
company  is  a  Rockefeller  unit. 

Tons  of  valuable  white  paper  was 
used    to    explain    the    new    system    that 


THE     CARPENTER 


27 


would  end  strikes.  Hard  headed  trade 
unionists  were  called  cynics  and  joy  kill- 
ers when  they  predicted  failure  of  the 
new  "union,"  but  their  prophecy  has 
been  fulfilled. 

The  company  has  reduced  wages  30%, 
in  violation  of  an  award  by  the  Govern- 
ment's bituminous  coal  commission,  and 
in  violation  of  the  state  industrial  law 
which  provides  that  thirty  days'  notice 
must  be  given  before  wages  are  reduced 
or  workers  strike. 

The  commission  took  no  action 
against  the  company  and  the  coal  miners 
suspended  work.  The  company  "union" 
has  been  forgotten  and  martial  law  pro- 
claimed, as  in  the  days  of  Ludlow. 

*  *      * 

Sheer  Profiteering 

Not  satisfied  with  what  they  get  for 
nothing  from  the  reactionary  press,  the 
profiteers  are  indulging  in  columns  of 
propaganda,  paid  for  at  advertising- 
rates. 

For  example,  the  National  Lumber 
Manufacturers'  Association. 

Of  all  the  profiteers  who  bled  the 
country  while  better  men  were  bleeding 
for  the  country,  the  lumber  manufac- 
turers are  about  the  worst.  Perhaps  a 
few  thieving  shipbuilders  and  some 
thieving  ammunition  makers  (not  all  of 
them)  were  greedier  profiteers.  But 
even  at  that,  the  lumber  profiteers  were 
not  far  behind. 

Now  these  profiteers  advertise  that  the 
high  price  of  lumber  is  due  to  freight 
charges,  which  the  railroads,  in  their 
turn,  advertise  to  be  due  to  high  wages. 
Both  assertions  are  false. 

The  charges  for  lumber,  brick,  cement 
and  everything  else  that  goes  into  con- 
struction of  buildings  are  from  65  to 
140%  more  than  real  trade  conditions 
warrant.  There  is  no  excuse  for  this 
profiteering,  which  is  not  due  wholly,  or 
even  mostly,  to  high  freight  rates  or 
high  wages",  but  is  chiefly  due  to  the 
monopoly  and  greed  that  ought  to  land 
some  profiteers  in  jail. 

*  *      * 

The  Labor  Press 

In  a  course  given  at  Whitman  College 
on  the  labor  problem,  a  study  of  the 
labor  press  was  made.  For  months  every 
editorial  was  carefully  studied  and  its 
contents  made  note  of.  Mr.  William  B. 
Leonard,  Department  of  Economies,  of 
that  college,  after  a  brief  summary,  in 
which  he  comments  favorably  as  a 
whole,  says : 


"Many  times  Ave  asked  ourselves  the 
questions,  "What  does  labor  want?"  i- 
it  an  increase  of  wage's,  shorter  hours 
and  an  easier  life?  Yes,  if  we  arc  to 
believe  the  labor  press.  But  these  gains, 
while  important,  are  subordinate  to 
something  bigger  and  finer.  This  some- 
thing seems  to  be  the  desire  to  secure 
right  human  relations,  founded  on  jus- 
tice, in  which  the  workers  will  find  op- 
portunity for  self-realization.  In  short, 
workers  are  struggling  for  happiness. 
Labor  wants  to  become  a  prime  factor  in 
all  vital  matters  connected  with  a  pro- 
gressive economic  and  social  life.  We 
find  ourselves  in  sympathy  with  these 
aspirations. 

"We  were  really  surprised  at  the 
spirit,  tone  and  character  of  the  labor 
press.  Its  Journals  are  published  by 
men,  often  strong  and  capable,  who  al- 
though without  hope  of  financial  gain 
for  themselves,  yet  give  to  the  cause  of 
labor  an  untiring  service  with  religious 
zeal.  For  their  words  of  good  council 
we  shoudl  indeed  be  thankful.  They  are 
helping  educate  a  mass  of  workers  at  the 
bottom  of  our  industrial  system  who, 
without  the  aid  of  Organized  Labor 
movement,  would  surely  be  in  a  helpless 
situation.  So  long  as  the  labor  press 
retains  its  present  sanity  and  vigor  there 
is  nothing  to  fear  from  it.  In  it  there 
is  vastly  more  good  than  evil." 

*  *      * 

Champion  Carpenter's  Vise 

A  new  carpenter's  vise  has  been  in- 
vented by  one  of  our  members,  Mr.  F.  E. 
McGlinchy,  L.  U.  No.  1174,  Willoughby, 
O.,  and  is  now  on  the  market.  This 
vise  is  highly  recommended  by  dif- 
ferent Locals  that  have  given  it  a  tryout 
and  from  what  we  hear  of  it  we  are 
assured  that  the  carpenters  will  appreci- 
ate it.  The  vise  is  practical  and  a  real 
time  saver;  weighing  only  four  pounds 
and  can  be  carried  in  the  carpenter's 
kit.  It  will  fasten  to  anything  from  % 
to  2%  in.  thick  and  should  prove  a  boon 
for  sawing  bevels  aud  miters  or  for  hold- 
ing sash  or  doors.  Brother  McGlinchy 
will  be  glad  to  answer  any  inquiries  that 
are  sent  him  and  we  assure  him  of  our 
best  wishes  for  his  success. 

*  *      * 

News  papers  of  the  future  will  be 
smaller  than  those  of  today,  predicts  the 
business  manager  of  a  Brooklyn  news- 
paper. If  they  are  "narrower"  than 
some  of  the  present  day  "molders"  they 
will  be  diminutive  indeed. 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE   UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.   HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.   LAKEY 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS   NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290   Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,  Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.   WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Buildinj 

San   Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh   District,   ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord   St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFY,    Secretary 


NOTICE  TO  RECORDING 
SECRETARIES 

The  quarterly  circular  for  the  months 
of  January,  February  and  March,  con= 
taining  the  quarterly  password,  has  been 
forwarded  to  all  Local  Unions  of  the 
Un:ted  Brotherhood.  Under  separate 
cover  six  blanks  have  been  forwarded 
for  the  Financial  Secretary,  three  of 
which  are  to  be  used  for  the  reports  to 
the  General  Office  for  the  months  of 
January,  February  and  March,  and  the 
extra  ones  are  to  be  filled  out  in  duplU 
cate  and  kept  on  file  for  future  reference. 
Inclosed  therewith  are  also  six  blanks 
for  the  Treasurer,  to  be  used  in  trans= 
mitting  money  to  the  General  Office. 

Recording  Secretaries  not  in  receipt  of 
this  immediate!}'  should  notify  the  Gen= 
eral  Secretary,  Frank  Duffy,  Carpenters' 

Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

© 

Through  the  Near  East  Relief 

America  has  saved  from  starvation 
100,000  orphaned  children  —  innocent 
victims  of  the  great  war. 

Industrial  education  now  being  taught 
these  children  will  enable  them  to  be- 
come self  supporting. 

There  are  200,000  more  outside  the 
orphanage  gates  dying  for  want  of  food 
and  shelter. 

Your   organization    can   help    to   save 
them  by  making  known  the  vital  facts. 
For  free  literature  address  : 

THE  NEAR  EAST  RELIEF, 
151  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


Carpenters  Stage  Annual  Armistice  Day 
Banquet 

The  carpenters  of  Marietta,  ,Ga.,  L.  U. 
1747,  celebrated  Armistice  Day  with  a 
big  banquet  and  entertainment  at  their 
hall  over  the  Strand  Theatre.  More  than 
200  union  members  and  guests  were 
present,  among  the  latter  being  Mayor 
Brumby,  William  Tate  Holland,  Joe 
Black  and  others.  Fully  fifty  ladies 
were  present. 

The  feast  was  tempered  With  mental 
feasts,  served  in  the  form  of  entertaining 
talks  on  the  part  of  the  mayor,  Messrs. 
Holland,  Black  and  Will  Stephens.  Mr. 
Jack  Brooks  acted  as  master  of  cere- 
monies in  a  very  admirable  manner. 


Claims  Paid 


CLAIMS  PAID  FOR  THE  MONTH  OF  NOVEMBER,  1921 


Claim 

No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local  I 
Union 


Membership  j 
Yrs.      Mos.  I 


Cause  of  Death   or 
Disability 


44231 
44232 
44233 
44234 

44205 
44236 
44237 
44238 
44239 
44240 
44241 
44242 
44243 
44244 
4:24:. 
44246 
44247 
4424S 
44249 
44250 
44251 
44252 
44253 
44254 
44255 
44256 
44257 
44258 
44259 
44260 
44201 
44262 
44263 
44264 
44265 
44266 
442C7 
4426S 
44269 
44270 
44271 
44272 
44274 
44274 
44275 
4  127': 
44277 
4427s 
44279 
442S0 
442S1 
442*2 
442*3 
44284 
442R5 
44286 
442S7 
442RR 
442S9 
44290 
44291 
44292 
44293 
44294 
41295 
4129i; 
-!  1297 
4129* 
41299 
44300 
44301 
4  1X02 
•!  1303 
44301 
44305 
41300 


Charles  Shafty  

Rufus  F.  Savidge 

John  Allen  Harding 

William  H.  Hume 

Isabelle  Smith  

Henry  J.  Carter 

William  C.  Marshall 

Elizabeth  Reuther  

James  Lonie  

Henry    George   Lepard 

William   Wilkinson    

George    Bover     

Paul    Egeroff    

Florence    Hall    

Jennie  Louise  Hurlbert 

John    Kinsella    

Ralph  Carey   

Emory   A.    Davis 

Helen  Nelson   KirkDatrick.  .  . 

John    Bublitz     (Dis.) 

Johanna    Caudet    

Louis  Plude    

Anton    Sternisa    

John   Eckstein    

Charlotte   Furphy    

Eva   F.    Colfer 

Victor   Niemi    

R.   F.   Hemby 

G rover  C.   Cramer    (Dis.) .  .  . 

Sarah    A.    Claffey 

Robert  IT.  Bassett 

Edvrard  Zaepfel    

Philip    A.    Neidig, 

Robert   A.    Black 

Robert   Brinson    

Ht  nry    Ott    

Jenette    Hebble    

Phillip  R.    Stivers. 

Fountain    H.    Feaster 

William  L.   Wright 

Julius   Zelle    

EHnore    S.    Walling 

Mary    D.    Beckman 

William    Fred    Semerau 

Es1  or    Danielson    

Edward    Charlton    

John   W.   King 

Abraham  Kaplan   

Thomas   Earle    

Sophia    Adelia    Groskopf .  .  .  . 

Mary    Agnes    Sweeney 

Johanna    Sclrwalback    

Sarah  Elizabeth   Morris 

Charles  O.  Mangans 

Charles  W.   Gardner 

William   Douglas   Bird 

Fary  E.  Dorsey 

Fred    Buschhorn    

Gus   Seegert    

A.    Burt    Carrier 

Gedion   Gervais    

Robert  A.   Kinney 

Charles   A.   Orgibet 

Calista   Anna   Campbell 

Faud  Engebrigssen    

John  Russell  McQuown    .  .  .  . 

David   E.   Mostrom 

Anna  Tomljenovicu    

I. aura  E.  Anderson 

John   Erickson    \ 

Frank    Richardson     

William    Schneider    

William  FcMabon    

Estella   Sherick    

Louise  M.  Held 

Ai;a  Mclchcr  (Dis.) 


26 

37 

40 

52 

52 

198 

198 

261 

488 

503 

635 

764 

875 

950 

1069 

11 

22 

22 

43 

43 

43 

97 

105 

340 

759 

1032 

1929 

223S 

2264 

26 

33 

64 

90 

122 

200 

391 

427 

514 

50S 

648 

657 

953 

1596 

42 

62 

142 

168 

1S1 

199 

366 

432 

461 

638 

671 

1665 

1694 

3 

5 

11 

26 

134 

158 

360 

422 

±2C> 

798 

SOS 

1401 

10 

10 

10 

15 

75 

81 

SI 

100 


11 

5 

7 

1 

2 

4 

3 

9 

20 

21 

10 

2 

2: 

1 

18 

G 

21 

24 

27 

14 

27 

22 

5- 

2 

15 

1 

4 

4 

1 

14 

18 

2 

21 

21 

18 

11 

6 

16. 

21 

21 

2 

12 

11 

11 

2 

2 

9 

7 

26 

3 

14 

10 

2 

3 

18 

11 

30 

10 

13 

3 

3 

9 

7 

21 

19 

16 

9 

20 

35 

20 

15 

11 

5 

6 


4 
3 
2 

10 
4 
1 

10 
3 

11 
3 

11 
8 

10 

11 
2 
9 

11 
6 
9 
8 
6 
0 
3 
3 

10 

10 
2 
9 
0 
5 
6 
1 
2 
2 
8 

10 
8 
4 

10 
1 


7 
4 
6 
4 
1 

11 
3 
2 

11 
2 
3 
1 
4 
7 
6 
6 
6 
1 
4 
6 
9 


Pneumonia 

Apoplexy 

Cancer 

Endocarditis 

Pellagra 

Hemorrhage 

Peritonitis 

Burns 

Carcinoma 

Cerebral  hemorrhage 

Myelitis 

Nephritis 

Tuberculosis 

Hemorrhage 

Cancer 

Myocarditis 

Strychine   poisonin. 

Intestinal    obstruction 

Mvocarditis 

Fall 

Thrombosis    

Cancer    

Suicide     

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    

Accidental     

Pneumonia    

Apoplexy    

Accidental    

Hemorrhage    

Heart  disease  

Suicide   

Nephritis    

Myocarditis     

Cancer    

Carcinoma    

Embolism    

Paresis     

Tuberculosis    

Meningitis    

Paralysis    

Abscess    

Carcinoma    

Nephritis     

Convulsions   

Arterio   sclerosis    .... 

Heart  disease 

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    

Apoplexy    

Peritonitis     

Pneumonia    

Nephritis    

Tuberculosis    

Intestinal   obstruction 

Nephritis    

Paralysis    

Bronchitis    

Bronchitis    

Heart  disease  

Heart  failure    

Heart  trouble 

Carcinoma    

Heart  trouble   

Pneumonia    

Peritonitis     

Carcinoma   '   300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

400.00 


Am't 
Paid 
$300.00 
75.00 
300.00 
50.00 
50.00 
200.00 
150.00 
75.00 
300.00 
300.00 
300.00 
25.00 
100.00. 
25.00- 
75.00) 
225.00. 
300.00 
300.00 
75.00 
400.00 
75.00 
300.00 
300.00 
100.00 
75.00 
25.00 
200.00 
50.00 
50.00 
75.00 
125.00 
100.00 
300.00 
300.00 
300.00 
300.00 
50.00 
300.00 
300.00 
300.00 
300.00 
50.00 
75.00 
300.00 
75.00 
100.00 
25.00 
25.00 
75.00 
75.00 
75.00 
75.00 
75.00 
25.00 
150.00' 
125.00 
75.00> 
300.00 
300.00 
125.00 
150.00 
150.00 
75.00 
75.00 
75.00 
125.00 


Tuberculosis 
Cerebral  embolism  . .  . 

Heart   trouble 

Myocarditis    

Cirrhosis   of  liver.  .  .  . 

Hepatitis    

Intestinal    obstruction 

Uraemia     

Accidental    


T  II  E     C  A  R  P  E  X  T  E  R 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  o: 
Disabled 


•:  1307   Kathrvn    Gould    

44308  Lewis *  E.   Linton 

41309  Nellie    Cramer    

44310  Efram    Lind.-trom    

44311  Edna  Lombard   

44312  Emma  Eccles    

44313  Lienor   E.    Skoog 

44314  Daniel    S.    Burdick 

44315  John  F.  Travera    (DIs.) . . 

44316  Herman    Kreblein    

44317  William    Silverwood    .... 

44318  .wielard  Lafrenais    

44319  Arthur  Danison   

44320  Floyd    Crandall    

44321  Myrtle  Kerr    

44322  Fannie  Reynolds    

44323  Lester  Finiev    

44324  J.   E.   Bryan". 

44325  Joseph    Hrdlicka    

44326  Anna   Curran    

44327  William    Hunt    

44328  Daniel   J.   Donocrhue 

44329  Blanche  E.    Leate 

44330  Henry   L.    Mr  >rs 

44331  Elias  Jones  Roberts 

44332  Victor   Nyman    

44333  Charles  Horney    

44334  Joseph    Donoyan    

44335  Paul'L.  Gednev   (Dis.) 

44336  Peter   Cattell    

44337  John    Killenbeek    

44338  Jane    Sarah    Koegel 

44339  Sarah    Jane    Koeael 

44340  E.    J.    McCann ' 

44341  Julia    Geiser   Pearl I 

44342  Emil    Mildenstein    

44343  Jose   Dayila    

443  44  James   Louis   Deems f 

44345  Titus    E.    FrankenSeld I 

44346  D.    T.    Taylor I 

44347  William   Gerhardt    

44348  Fred  Brozeit    (Dis.) 

44349  Frank    I.    Grayat ' 

44350  Chri-tine   Cameron    

44351  Marie    Janea    : 

44352  Margaret    Strickland     

44353  Walter    E.    Evan- 

44354  Benjamin    L.     Cross ' 

44355  William   H.    Shaw ! 

44356  Emile   Hill    ' 

44357  Edward    L.    Taylor 

44358  W.    E.    Cover 

44359  Theresa    SchHlinger    

44360  J.    B.    Denson 

44361  Iryin  M.   Pearsall 

44362  Joseph    J.    Tikal ! 

44303   I.    J.    Neff 

44364  Hilliard    DeLoach    ' 

44365  Josef  Kalous    ! 

44366  August  Ferdinand  Bertkan .  .  I 

44367  Axel   Rosengreen    

44368  John    Costello     I 

44309   Hulda    C.    Larson 

44370  Ernest   J.    Henderson 

44371  James  L.   Brady    i  Dis.) 

44372  John    Raynik    j 

44373  Emma    Tiernev    ! 

44374  Dena    Skold I 

44375  John    Thompson     I 

44376  Hannah     Skoglund     ■ 

44377  Adam    Bantz     

44378  Thomas    H.    Binnall 

44379  Elina   Deyida    Pearson | 

44380  Marshall  W.   Davis I 

44381  Beverly  Smith  Holtzrnan .  .  .  . 
443^2  John    E.    Wemple 

44383  Frank    Duncan     ' 

44384  Minnie    Sinnett    

44385  Edward    J.    Pease 

44386  Llovd   Wilbur   Roberts 

44387  John    Gilchrist     

44388  Rose   Hronek    

44389  Wenzel   Harvelik    

44390  Jemima   Jane   Taylor 

44391  Andrew    Schwab    

44392  Augusta   Goodell    

44303  A.  E.  Metzler  (Dis.) 

44J  94  Thomas  I.  Thompson .... 
44395  William  Albert  Blakeney. 


Local 
Union 

122~ 

143 

158 

181 

201 

_ 

257 

474 

483 

630 

768 

B  >1 

819 

387 

52 

2119 

2203 

2238 

2289 

2289 

31 

33 

40 

72 

80 

257 

318 

483 

483 

519 

591 

694 

694 

710 

757 

772 

982 

1160 

1465 

1846 

1 

9 

31 

33 

54 

73 

165 

167 

183 

331 

393 

812 

1051 

1101 

1172 

1143 

1153 

2066 

2090 

2090 

2090 

1 

62 

74 

90 

148 

185 

199 

210 

241 

415 

680 

7-7 

860 
1024 
1107 
1412 
■  77 

:>:•- 

19 

19 

39 

42 

44 

47 
100 
109 
171 
362 


Mem! 
Yr>. 


.-rs   ip' 


Cause  of   I 
Disr>" 


Am't 

Paid 


16 

21 

7 

35 

8 

24 

30 

18 

23 

2 

5 

16 

3 

20 

3 

.j 

4 

17 

1 

1 

24 

34 

5 

11 

10 


20 

14 

4 

7 

18 

18 

14 

20 

12 

3 

4 

17 

2 

34 

25 

10 

11 

15 

22 

1 

8 

15 

5 

8 

19 

1 

1 

16 

4 

15 

3 

9 

26 

16 

28 

25 

19 

16 

4 

24 

14 

20 

18 

16 

11 

15 

11 

18 

19 

4 

2 

14 

10 

2 

18 

15 

10 

32 

2 


3 
2 

4 
5 

7 
1 
0 
8 
3 
2 
2 
4 
10 
9 
3 
4 


2 
10 

0 

6 


4 

8  j 
0 
4 
6 
6 
4 
7 
6 
10 
0 
9 
0 
9 
5 
4 
1 
3 
6 
2 

| 

2 


11 


3 

11 


Nephritis    

Intestinal    ol 

Tuberculosis    75.00 

Hemorrhage    300.00 

Suicide     

Hemorrhage    

Appendicitis    75.00 

Oedema    

Accidental      - 

Tuberculosis    ] 

Paralvsis    300.00 

Nephritis    I    125 

Minnyilis    '    150.00 

Hfart  disease   |   300.00 

..     -      58     •'       75.00 

Nephritis    75.00 

Hemorrhage    2 

Heart  disease 300.00 

Tuberculosis    50.00 

Endocarditis    

Heart   trouble    

Lethargia    

Pneumonia    j      75.00 

Mitral    insufficiency     3<"'0.00 

Diabetes   mellitus    !   300.00 

Hemorrhage    |    15 

Pneumonia i   300.00 

Cancer    '      75.00 

Fall    400.00 

Peritonitis   200.00 

Tuberculosis    j   300.00 

Apoplexy    

Carcinoma    75.00 

Cerebral   hemorrhage    !   300.00 

Intestinal    obstruction    f      75.00 

Heart  trouble j   125.00 

Heart    trouble    150.00 

Tuberculosis    2 

Cerebral    hemorrhage    300.00 

Bright's  disease 25.00 

Rheumatism    i   300.00 

Fall    400.00 

Tuberculosis    ;   300.00 

Myocarditis    I      75.00 

Tuberculosis    ;      75.00 

Carcinoma   j     75.00 

Heart  failure    !      50.00 

Giloma    j   300.00 

Cerebral  hemorrhage 125.00 

Peritonitis   j   138.50 

Suicide 300.00 

Hemorrhage    1   300.00 

Tuberculosis    } 

Typhoid  fever    |     50.00 

Dementia   \   125.00 

Myocarditis     j 

Paralysis    300.00 

Nephritis    150.00 

Myocarditis   300.00 

Cancer    300.00 

Meningitis    |   300.00 

Myocarditis   300.00 

Accidental    <     75.00 

Cerebral   hemorrhage    3 

Accidental   j   400.00 

Meningitis    |   200.00 

Carcinoma   75.00 

Mitral    insufficiency     

Cerebral    apoplexy" j    :-:. 

Apoplexy    !      75.00 

Carcinoma   |   300.00 

Heart   disease 300.00 

Influenza    75.00 

Endocarditis    !    125.00 

Pneumonia    125.00 

Nephritis    ?    125.00 

Hodgins  disease 50.00 

Paresis 50.00 

Peritonitis     300.00 

Aooplexy    I   300.00 

Paresis     i   100.00 

Tuberculosis    i 

Poisoning    296 


ttioa 


- 

-.'  C  0 
Nephritis !  200.00 


Uraemia 
Mitral  : 
Convulsions     .  . 
Accidental 
Apoplexy 


THE  CARPENTER 


31 


"laim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


41300 
44307 
44398 
44309 
44400 
44401 
44402 
■I4ii):; 
44404 
44405 
44406 
44407 
44408 
44400 
44410 
44411 
44412 
44413 
44414 
444  ir> 
44416 
44417 
44418 
44410 
44420 
44421 
44422 
44423 
44424 
44425 
44426 
44427 
44428 
44420 
44430 
44431 
44432 
44433 
44434 
44435 
44430 
44437 
44438 
44439 
44440 
44441 
44442 
44443 
44414 
44445 
44440 
44447 
44448 
44449 
44450 
44451 
44452 
44453 


Hamlin  Miller  

Louis  Negorski  

Mary    Agnes    Stawieki.... 

Rosina   Oelker    

William    Iluscliky,    Sr 

William    A.    Kellogg 

Michael    J.    Daley 

Charlotte  Haglund    

Jacob    Kastner    

Christian    W.    Birzele 

Matilda    Nadeau    Bezeau. . 

Goldie   L.    Gougues 

Howard    W.    Navin 

Carl    O.    R.    Nelson 

Harry    B.    Martin 

David    Lewis    (Dis.) 

Thomas    F.    Roberts 

Anna    C.    Vigar 

Charles  E.    Schorman 

Elizabeth    Ann   Orr 

Thomas    S.    Williams 

Clara  Miller   

Arthur   Ball    

Christian   Clausen    

Otto   Lohff    (Dis.) 

Dudley    E.    Kenyon 

William    E.    Kircher 

Frank  August  Bjorkegren. 
Howard   Evans   Kennard.  . 

Anna    B.    Olsen 

William    L.    Jones 

Jethro  Nickerson   

Myra    Edwards    

William    Kruger    

Jacob   Rasmuson    

Charles   Raich    

John   C.   Gates 

James    W.    Stiarwalt 

Sebastian   Hemberger 

Maurice   Marcoux    

August    Wischmann 

Whit    Early    

Helen   Zindars    

Fred    Force    

Emma    Reidasch    

Fred   Fisher    

George    Welch 

Ezkiel  Van    

Anna    Ellen    R.    Duval... 

Charles  W.  Watkins 

Nathaniel    W.    Haynes.  .  . 

Lillie   Hemphill    

Francis    Ford    Blair 

William  A.   Harty 

John    Johnson    

Lura  Alice  Dunham.  .  .  . 
Nicholas  Fox  (Dis.)  .... 
Max.    Leitz    


Local 

V,  ni  cm 

395 
414 
414 
012 

674 

746 

746 

755 

808 

1234 

1375 

1504 

1898 

1367 

22 

24 

34 

55 

67 

131 

208 

208 

257 

331 

419 

470 

488 

493 

541 

608 

608 

624 

902 

1015 

1037 

1057 

1659 

1892 

2090 

2098 

10 

75 

SO 

302 

345 

422 

453 

750 

S94 

898 

1093 

1291 

1312 

1367 

1609 

1773 

2725 

1879 


Membership  | 
Yrs.       Mos.  ] 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability     


17 

4 

9 

7 

18 

30 

5 

2D 

17 

19 


13 

1 

19 

11 

17 

16 

14 

18 

3 

25 

20 

2 

21 

3 

3 

9 

1 

16 

25 

20 

11 

8 

14 

5 

13 

14 

26 

2 

35 

9 

15 

1 

9 

14 

17 

16 

1 

12 

6 

12 

6 

9 

5 

3 

15 

4 


4 
2 
2 

10 
7 
9 
5 
4 

10 
2 
6 
1 

11 
9 
3 
1 
8 
4 
9 
3 
1 
4 
2 
6 


7 
1 

2 

4 
5 
5 

10 
6 
7 
3 
0 
2 
9 

11 
3 

10 
7 

11 

11 
4 
7 
2 

11 
1 
8 


112  Full  beneficial  claims 

35  Semi-beneficial    claims 

65  Wife's  claims    

11  Disability    claims     .  . . 

223 


'.'.•nicer 

Heart    trouble 

Tuberculosis 

Peritonil  is 

<  larcinoma 

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Tuberculosis 

Myocarditis 

Phthisis 

l  »iabetes    mellitus    , 

Heart  failure   

Peritonitis   , 

Suicide   , 

Accidental   , 

Pneumonia    

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    

Ulcer    

Nephritis      

Cirrhosis     of    liver 

Stomach  trouble    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Fall     

Bright's    disease    

Arterio   sclerosis    

Cancer    

Accidental    

Enteritis    

Apoplexy    

Heart  disease   

Paralysis    

Paralysis    

Typhoid   fever    

Heart  disease 

Heart  failure   

Apoplexy    

Nephritis     

Fever     

Arterio   sclerosis    

Tuberculosis    

Appendicitis    

Suicide 

Pellagra     

Thrombosis    

Myocarditis   

Cerebral    hemorrhage    .... 

Colitis    

Nephritis    

Paralysis    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Myocarditis   

■Sarcoma     

Poisoning    

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    

Total 

$27,454.75 

3,225.00 

4,475.00 

3,950.00 


Am't 
Paid 

300.00 
200.00) 

75.00 

75.00 

125.00 

125.00 

300.00 

75.00 
125.00 
300.00 

75.00 

75. oo 
300.00 

50.00 
300.00 
400.00 
300.00 

75.00 
300.00 

75.00 
150.00 

75.00. 
300.00 

50.00 
40O.OO. 

50.00 
150.00 
300.00 

50.00 

75.00 
300.00 
125.00, 

75.00 

75.00 
300.00 


300.00 

125.00 

125.00 

300.00 

25.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

50.00 

75.00 

125.00 

300.00 

125.00 

25.00 

125.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

194.50 

75.00 

400.00 

200.00 


.104.75 


$39,104.75 


DISAPPROVED  CLAIMS  FOR  THE  MONTH  OF  NOVEMBER,   1921 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local 

Membership 

Union 

Yrs. 

Mos. 

2451 

0 

11 

10 

18 

6 

104 

2 

3 

107 

4 

± 

174 

10 

5 

336 

2 

0 

610 

15 

3 

627 

22 

8 

632 

8 

10 

753 

19 

8 

760 

8 

3 

1345 

7 

7 

1389 

2 

0 

1460 

3 

4 

1786 

15 

1 

1829 

5 

5 

20S6 

2 

5 

2220 

2 

3 

2396 

0 

0 

Cause  of  Disap- 
proval 


Am't 
Cl'm'd 


5197  Ethel    Robertson     

5198  William    A.    Wainwright 

5199  Edith    Pearl    Redding 

5200  Belle   J.    Dean 

5201  Jerry   Iljas    

5202  Barbara   Machmert    

5203  Thomas    Wickham     

5204  E.   A.   Vann    (Dis.) 

5205  Augustus    F.    Campbell    (Dis.) 

5206  Bettie    Love    Greer 

5207  Millie    C.    Holly 

5208  John  J.   Landers 

5209  Edwin    H.    Marks 

5210  Charles    L.    Frederick 

5211  Marie    Chott     

5212  Edward    S.    Lohr. 

5213  Frank    Martin    

5214  Obediance   E.    Bryant 

5215  Robert    Beard    (Dis.) 


Not  one  year  a   member 

Three  months  in  arrears.  ...... 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Semi,  no  wife  donation  due.  .  .  . 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Semi,  no  wife  donation  due.  .  . 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Disability    not    permanent 

Disability  not  due  to  accident. 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Semi,  no  wife  donation  due.  .  . 

Three  months  in  arrears , 

Not  filed  within  six   months.  .  , 

Six    months    in    arrears , 

Second     wife's     claim 

Three  months  in   arrears 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Semi,   wife  donation  not  due.  .  . 
Not   one  year  a  member , 


$25.00 

125.00 

50.011 
75  00 

300.00 

50.00 

300.00 

400.00 

400.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

25.00 

150.00 

75.00 

300.00 

25.00 

50.00 

50.00 


matter  how  good  a  workman  you  are.  No  matter  how  much 
ou  know  about  your  business  and  the  particular  kind  of  work 
ou   are   doing  —  there   are   times   when   you   are   bound   to  need 

lere  is  just  the  lielp  you  need  — 

you  want  to  know  the  newest  and  best  ways  of  doing  things — 
you  get  stuck  on  some  unusual  piece  of  work — 
you  want  to  know  all  there  is  to  know  on  any  Building  subject — 
you  want  to  estimate  the  cost  of  any  kind  of  structure — 
you  want  to  write  up  contracts  and  specifications — : 
you  want  to  be  sure  you  are  right  instead  of  guessing — 
turn  to  the 


Greatest 


Books 


nethods  of  25  well  known  building  specialists.  The  finest  and  most  up-to-date  books  ever 
cover  everything  a  man  in  your  line  should  know.  5  big  books  crammed  full  of  money- 
Id  more  than  1000  pictures,  blueprints,  plans,  and  diagrams — everything  in  plain  every  day 
simple  as  A  B  C.  Thousands  of  sets  have  been  sold  to  carpenters,  contractors,  architects, 
la  all  classes  of  work.     See  our  trial  offer  below  that  puts  a  set  in  your  hands  for  one  week 


n.  It  brings  all  five  books  for 
i^ase  for  a  whole  week.  Look 
Show  them  to  your  fellow 
?m  back  at  our  expense  if  you 
ny thing  we  claim.  If  you  are 
)oks  in  every  way,  send  us 
yment  and  $3.00  each  month 
1  of  $24. SO  is  paid.  Mail  the 
ill  give  you  a  consulting  mem- 
•  worth  $12.00 — Free. 


American  Technical 
Society 

Dept.  G-361  Chicago 


Corro 


Mr.  Van  Gaasbeek  Replies 
Editor.  '"The  Carpenter": 

In  reference  to  the  articles  written  by 
Mr.  L.  W.  Cooper  appearing  in  the  De- 
cember issue  of  "The  Carpent?r"'  criti- 
cising my  recent  articles  on  stairbuild- 
ing.  it  is  true  that  I  advised  Mr.  Cooper 
that  I  would  be  very  glad  to  have  any 
constructive  criticisms  relative  to  the  - 
presentation  of  the  fundamental  prin- 
ciples involved,  but  I  have  failed  to  find 
any  constructive  suggestions  in  his  art- 
icle. He  gives  himself  away  and  clearly 
proves  that  he  does  not  understand  the 
plan. 

He  says  that  the  second  and  third 
posts  are  rounded  on  the  corner.  They 
are  not  rounded,  nor  does  the  plan  call 
for  it.  It  does  show  a  second  line  of 
travel  from  risers  4  to  13  in  line  with 
the  face  of  posts  2  and  3.  The  three 
plans  that  he  submits  are  typical  of  :. 
kind  of  stairs  that  are  being  put  in 
many  houses,  which  are  a  disgrace  to 
the  trade,  and  will  only  pass  in  :. 
cheapest  and  poorest  :L  -  of  work,  and 
are  only  permissible  because  so  few  car- 
penters are  properly  informed  in  the  sub- 
ject. He  says  it  looks  ridiculous  because 
no  structural  necessity  presents  itself 
for  this  type  of  stairway. 

Mr.  Cooper  will  find  many  dwellings 
if  he  looks  for  them,  where  three  walls 
frame  the  opening  for  the  stairway  and 
because  of  limitations  it  is  difficult  to 
frame  an  easy  ascending  flight.  You 
will  find  in  my  layout  that  the  width  of 
all  winders  and  straight  treads  from  2 
to  the  landing  on  the  line  of  travel  are 
a  uniform  width,  making  an  easy  and 
comfortable  stair  to  climb.  He  criticise 
the  shape  of  my  bull  nose  step,  but  does 
not  say  a  word  about  my  demonstration 
of  the  principles  of  kerfing  invol--  1, 
thus  losing  sight  of  the  important  issue 
for  which  the  article  was  prepared.  In 
order  that  the  readers  of  ''The  Car- 
penter' may  have  a  clear  understanding 
of  what  Pratt  Institute  is  aiming  to  do, 
it  may  be  well  to  ask  ourselves  two  or 
three  questions. 

What   is   our  job,    to  train   architects 
and  designers  or  mechanics  who  usually 


work  to  an  architect's  drawing?  How 
much  time  is  a  journeyman  willing  to 
give  in  the  studying  of  a  special  branch 
of  the  trade?  Do  we  aim  to  train  spec- 
ialists or  to  give  carpenters  a  broader 
knowledge  of  their  trade?  It  seems  to 
me  that  before  a  criticism  like  this 
passes,  we  must  have  our  eye  on  the  ob- 
jective point.  Our  job  is  to  train  car- 
liters.  Mot  boys  who  are  to  be  future 
carpenters,  but  mature  journeymen, 
ranging  in  age  from  25  to  70  years  of 
age,  we  therefore  approach  the  subject 
from  the  viewpoint  of  what  a  carpenter 
needs  to  know.  These  men  attend  Pratt 
Institute  three  evenings  per  week,  after 
working  hard  all  day  in  the  trade.  Many 
of  the  men  come  from  a  distance,  taking 
two  hours  to  travel  in  either  direction, 
arriving  home  at  midnight  or  after.  Men 
who  deserve  all  the  credit  possible  for 
their  desire  to  be  better  informed  on 
the  more  important  trade  processes. 

It  is  our  policy  to  give  them  the  de- 
sired information  in  the  shortest  time 
possible,  so  that  we  have  tried  to  in- 
corporate as  many  :  tht  principles  a- 
possible  in  the  one  problem.  The  shape 
of  the  "winders  and  the  bull  nose  are 
matters  of  individual  taste  and  judg- 
ment. The  principles  involved  in  laying 
out  the  strings  and  kerfing  the  bull  nose 
step  are  fixed  fundamental  principles. 
If  a  mechanic  can  build  a  flight  of  stairs 
similar  to  my  design,  he  can  lay  out  any 
flight  and  can  change  the  de  ign  to  meet 
the  requirements  of  the  occasion. 

I  would  be  glad  to  have  Mr.  Cooper 
register  as  a  student  in  our  stairbuilding 
class,  which  would  put  him  in  a  posi- 
tion to  better  appreciate  the  problem  un- 
der discussion. 

EICHARD   M.    VAX   GAASBEEK. 

Pratt  Institute,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 


Appreciates   Our  Efforts 

Mr.   Frank  Duffy.    General    Secretary. 

Dear  Sir  and  Brother:  In  behalf  of 
the  Tufted  Textile  Workers-  of  America, 
I  take  this  opportunity  of  extending  the 
thanks  of  the  officers  of  the  United  Tex- 
tile Workers  of  America  for  the  assist- 


THE    CARPENTER 


ance  ycrnr  organization  rendered  in   the 
campaign  just  closed  in  the  South. 

Your  representative  proved  very 
worthy  on  many  occasions  and  the  of- 
ficers of  our  Local  Unions  in  the  South 
expressed  a  sincere  admiration  for  the 
manly  way  in  which  the  organizers  from 
your  organization  spoke  to  the  workers. 
The  campaign  stopped  all  reductions  In 
wages — saved  the  organizations  that 
were  on  strike,  and  left  a  good  feeling  of 
respect  for  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  and  its  affiliated  International 
Unions. 

Words  fail  to  express  our  apprecia- 
tion for  the  great  aid  rendered  us  during 
these  trying  times,  when  every  Interna- 
tional Union  is  confronted  with  its  own 
difficulties. 

Thanking  you  again,  and  with  best 
wishes,  I  am, 

Fraternally  yours, 
THOMAS    F.    McMAHON,    International 
President,  United  Textile  Workers  of 

America. 


Questions  the  Ability  of  Our  Readers  To 
Solve  Problem 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

If  any  of  the  "numerous  replies"  to 
Mr.  J.  E.  Adams  answers  "the  question 
asked"  that  party  surely  will  be  entitled 
to  a  gold  medal,  and  will  "surprise"  the 
writer  most  of  all. 

He  does  not  ask  for  the  "radius"  of 
such  an  arc,  you  will  notice,  and  men- 
tions only  the  "horizontal  line." 

Awaiting  with  much  interest  the  ab- 
solute reply. 

Yours  truly, 

C.   H.   CORNELL. 
Box  1112.  Wichita  Falls,  Tex. 


■ 


Sufferings  That  Grow  Out  of  Strikes 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

I  am  attaching  an  editorial  clipped 
from  the  "Catholic  Standard  and  Times" 
of  Philadelphia,  which  I  believe  worth 
publishing  in  our  Journal,  "The  Car- 
penter," especially  since  the  Phila- 
delphia press,  as  a  whole,  are  continu- 
ously hammering  Organized  Labor  and 
distorting  the  news  appertaining  to  it. 
Fraternally  yours, 

TOM   HICKEY. 

The  editorial   mentioned  in   the  fore- 
oing  follows : 

"No  striker  can  blind  the  fact  that 
his  action  is  bound  incidentally  to  cause 
serious  discomfort  and  grievous  suffer- 
ing to  many   against  whom   he   has   no 


grievance  whatsoever.  If,  nevertheless, 
he  persists  in  its  course,  and  refuses  to 
return  to  his  work  in  order  to  put  an 
end  to  the  sufferings  occasioned  by  his 
walkout,  this  attitude  must  not  immedi- 
ately be  construed  as  callousness  or  in-. 
difference  to  human  suffering  or  at- 
tributed to  pure  selfishness,  There  is  no 
reason  at  all  to  assume  tbat  the  laborer 
is  more  insensible  to  the  afflictions  of  hi j 
fellowmen  or  more  egotistical  than  any 
other  class. 

"It  should  be  remembered  that  the  la- 
borer also  has  a  family  which  is  sub- 
ject to  privations  and  sufferings,  if  hi ; 
wage  is  inadequate  to  meet  the  needs  of 
his  household.  Those  who  self-righte- 
ously  condemn  the  striker  for  inflicting 
suffering  on  others  might  consider  for  a 
moment  the  many  sufferings  he  has  gone 
through  before  lie  decided  to  trust  hi  ■ 
case  to  the  uncertainties  of  a  strike. 

"A  wanton  strike,  that  would  not  hes- 
itate to  inflict  grave  .inconvenience  on 
others  for  the  sake  of  a  comparatively 
trivial  gain  and  advantage,  deserves  se- 
vere condemnation.  There  must  be  a 
proportion  between  the  objects  sought 
and  the  evils  which  are  likely  to  result 
from  the  cessation  of  work.  But  when 
these  things  have  been  properly  and  con- 
scientiously pondered,  the  striker  cannot 
be  held  responsible  for  effects  of  his  ac- 
tion, which  he  does  not  directly  intend 
and  which  he  permits,  because  it  is  the 
only  way  in  which  he  can  have  redress 
of  his  wrongs. 

"To  deny  him  the  right  to  strike  on 
account  of  incidental  sufferings  to 
othei'S,  would  mean  to  hand  him  over 
tied  hand  and  foot  to  the  exploiter. 

"Moral  indignation  is  a  fine  thing; 
but  it  must  not  be  directed  only  against 
labor.  What  about  the  employer  who 
provokes  the  strike?  Does  he  not  share 
in  the  responsibility  for  the  sufferings 
caused?  Why  is  he  not  held  up  to  pub- 
lic condemnation?  Certainly,  if  any  one 
deserved  to  be  pilloried,  it  is  the  prof- 
iteer, and  there  are  many  such  among 
us,  even  at  this  day.  The  sufferings 
caused  by  the  various  profiteers,  wheth- 
er they  be  rent  gougers  or  coal  barons  or 
other  industrial  magnates,  are  by  far 
greater  than  those  caused  by  the  striking 
laborer.  To  be  just  is  a  very  difficult 
thing.  It  is  much  easier  to  single  out 
one  phase  of  a  situation  and  to  make  the 
most  of  that.  Our  dailies  delight  in  do- 
ing that  very  thing.  Labor  is  the  ever 
ready   whipping-boy;  labor,    the  peg  on 


rni    c  a  b  i>  e  :• 


which  they  hand  their  recriminations. 

'"The  sufferings  of  the  innocent  is  a 
iheart-rending  sight.  Yet  it  must  not 
make  us  unjust.  If  there  is  such  suffer- 
ing in  society,  it  is  because  there  is 
wrong  somewhere.  And  ultimately  so- 
responsible  for  all  the  injustice 
that  happens  within  it  and  that  goes 
unpunished  and  unremedied.  If  society 
saw  to  it  that  justice  were  done  by  all, 
the  right  to  strike  would  of  course,  be 
in  abeyance,  or  cease  altogether.  As 
long  as  there  is  injustice,  there  will  be 
strikes  and  there  will  be  suffering.  Suf- 
fering is  the  penalty  which  a  commu- 
nity pays  for  countenancing  social 
■wrong  and  tolerating  social  aba 
•■ 

The   Union   Label  Collar  Company 


:  ■  -  —  :--ld  •:  :ra->  ~-a-a  —  e  —  y:.'.  I  V  e  si:- 
suceessful  in  our  efforts  towards  build- 
ing  up  an  organized  local  of  Collar 
"Workers.  But  regret  to  say  we  have 
been  unsuccessful  and  ask  if  you  will 
lend  us  a  helping  hand  by  being  con- 
sistent ■when  purchasing  eollars  by  de- 
:aaa:aa_:  :"aa  E-l".  Brand  Collar;.  ta-ariar 
the  Union  Label,  made  in  both  soft  and 
laundered  collars. 

At  present  the  firm  is  making  a  much 
better  collar  than  they  have  in  the  past 
and  they  intend  to  continue  to  do  so  in 
order  to  try  and  build  up  a  trade  on 
Bell  Brand  Collars.  We  sincerely  hope 
you  will  appreciate  our  efforts  and  help 
us  by  purchasing  Bell  Brand  Collars, 
made  in  fifty-three  different  styles,  both 
soft  and  laundered. 

What  we  would  like  to  make  plain  is 
that  you  can  buy  collars  from  the  Union 
Label  Collar  Company,  direct,  139  Ham- 
ilton St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  providing  your 
dealer  will  not  carry  them  for  you.  Just 
have  some  of  the  boys  get  together,  let 
them  order  the  same  as  if  they  went  to 
the  store  to  buy  two  or  three  collars,  as 
per  their  desire.  Send  the  order  along 
to  the  above  company;  same  will  be  ac- 
cepted promptly.  If  you  have  not  a 
catalogue,  same  can  be  procured  from 
above  company  upon  request.  You  will 
not  only  be  consistent,  but  will  benefit 
in  the  prices. 

Trusting  yon  will  not  overlook  this 
appeal  as  we  are  in  urgent  need  of  help 
at  the  present  time.  Thanking  you  in 
advance  for  your  courtesy  in  this  mat- 
ter, and  sincerely  hope  you  will  send  in 


a  club  order,  so  as  we  can  get  some  work 
to  do,  we  remain, 

UNITED     GARMENT     WORKERS     OF 
AMERI 
Local  No.  261 
39  Second  A                               \.  y. 
• 

Likes  Our  Craft  Problems 
Editor,  "The  Carpentei 

I  have  followed  the  trade  for  36  years. 
including     my     apprenticeship     of     fire 
years  and  a   few   years    Z   - rorked 
wood   pattern    maker.      I  ^n    a 

member  of  the  Brotherhood  neariv  25 
years,  and  in  view  of  the  foregoin" 
facts,  I  feel  that  I  am  entitled  to  a^little 
consideration  from  the  editor  of  r 
Journal. 

I  am  in  favor  of  rebuilding  "The  Car- 
penter." Lets  have  a  larger  and  i 
official  Journal,  not  that  I  have  any  com- 
plaint to  offer,  but  as  I  am  interested 
in  the  Craft  Problem  section  of  our  Jour- 
nal, would  like  to  see  this  section  en- 
larged, and  I  feel  sure  that  the  Craft 
Problem  section  is  the  real  fife  of  "The 
Carpenter"  to  the  thousands  of  me- 
chanics who  read  it  and  are  interested 
in  their  trade. 

I  feel  personally  indebted  to  our  many 
able  contributors  who  have  spent  their 
time,  talent  and  energy  in  writing  on 
so  many  subjects  that  the  large  propor- 
tion of  our  members  come  in  contact 
with  daily.  I  realize  that  mechai 
in  our  line  must  be  fortified  with 
terns,  methods,  skill  and  practice,  to 
solve  the  average  craft  problem,  and 
they  may  be  satisfied  with  their  own 
ways,  and  do  not  care  to  read  the  opinion 
of  others.  Nevertheless,  knowledge  is 
power,  we  are  living  in  an  age  of  prog- 
ress, short  cuts  and  rapid  results  is  the 
■"watchword"  of  the  present. 
Kespectfully  yours. 

CHA.S.    W.    LAME.    R.    S. 
L.  U.  No.  155.                          Staunton,  El. 
• 

Pass  It  On 

--  ~:z  --.--_  i  z'-'.'i  zzl.~:.-z ±11' . 

-  ;.-■-  ::   :z 

--■Z_~    :-'/-:-..    -;-    >-;—    fz.11   —-..: 

-  i--   ::    :-z 

--    "--    .--—   ;;   -   —":-■:-   ~:z    z:z   it. 
From  yonr  recollection  blot 

Some  day  the  owner's  sure  to  soot  it ; 

_  _--  i~.   :z. 

—  ~i—   :::    7:: .::;. 
• 

-:::::  -  :-~.   :ae  ra:-:a:  ".     f  all  aa- 

—  ---    ::----.        "       :.    -;:aa:e-    raoaer 

a  for  the  Union  Label,  card  and  but- 

:ca. 


Casual  Comment 


Co-operation  is  the  method  of  all  hu- 
man progress — so  we  call  on  all  our 
members  to  co-operate  with  us  in  getting 

that  500,000. 

*  *      * 

As  yet  we  have  not  been  enjoined 
from  demanding  the  Union  Label. 

*  *      * 

Hitherto  both  in  its  spirit  and  in  its 
progress  the  Washington  Conference  has 
disappointed  the  prediction  of  its  en- 
?mies  and   exceeded   the  expectation   of 

its  friends. 

*  *      * 

The  charges  for  lumber,  brick,  cement 
ind  everything  else  that  goes  into  con- 
struction of  buildings  are  from  65  to 
140%   inore  than   real   trade   conditions 

warrant. 

*  *      * 

There  is  no  excuse  for  this  profiteer- 
ng  which   is    not    due   wholly,    or   even 
mostly,    to    high    freight,    rates    or    high 
wages,   but  is   chiefly  due  to   the  mon- 
opoly and  greed  that  ought  to  land  some 

irofiteers  in  jail. 

$      %      $ 

Wages  have  been'  reduced,  but  high  in- 
erest  rates,  bonus  charges  and  commis- 
sion hold-ups  are  yet  the  rule  in  financial 
urcles. 

*  *      * 

The  only  persons  represented  in  the 
Dackers'  "shop  representation"  plan  are 
he  packers.  It  is  the  cat  making  con- 
litions  for  the  mice. 

*  *      * 

The  dead  has  arisen.  Ole  Hanson 
vho  cut  such  fantastic  capers  while 
nayor  of  Seattle  during  the  general 
strike  in  that  city,  has  gone  to  Los 
Angeles  and  announces  that  he  will  join 
the  grand  army  of  real  estate  sharks 
operating  in  the  Angelic  City. 

*  *      * 

An  Aberdeen  professor  predicts  that 
i  race  of  biped  lizards  will  rule  the 
world  a  million  years  hence.  We  have 
ong  suspected  that  the  worst  was  yet 
:o  come. 

*  *      * 

The  Anti-Tobacco  Society  will  be 
[ileased  on  reading  a  news  item  from 
Utic-a,  N.  Y.,  to  the  effect  that  Edward 
Bubrey  died  at  his  home  in  Clayville. 
He  was  an  ince  sant  smoker  and  was 
105  years  old  at  the  time  of  his  death. 


The  union  busters  have  dune  their 
worst.  They  have  taken  a  crack  at  the 
organized  workers  and  the  unorganized 
have  felt  the  full  force  of  the  blow. 

*  *      * 

All  of  those  who  could  be  frightened, 

bluffed  out,  coaxed  out  or  influenced, 
in  any  way  to  come  out  of  their  unions 
are  out,  and  still  the  union  is  larger, 
stronger  and  more  powerful  than  it  ever 
was  in  the  good  old  days,  before  the 
war,  when  everything  was  normal. 

*  *      * 

The  question  in  the  public  mind  today 
is:  What  is  making  the  price  of  building 
material  higher? 

*  *      * 

The  Department  of  Labor  is  the  only 
department  of  Government  which  deals 
exclusively  with  problems  of  human 
progress  and  the  relations  of  man  to 
man,  including  that  of  employer  and 
employe. 

The  coal  profiteers,  another  wing  of 
the  Wall  Street  army  of  national  and 
international  grafters,  have  been  Avork- 
ing  overtime  and  successfully  at  Wash- 
ington for  which  the  consumer  can  ex- 
pect to  pay  double  time. 

*  *      * 

The  reereant  employer  has  completely 
destroyed  the  unorganized  workers'  be- 
lief that  single-handed  he  can  fight  for 
existence  more  successfully  than  organ- 
ized with  his  fellows. 

By  the  time  the  deflaters  have  finished 
with  him,  he  will  realize  that  his  only 
chance  to  live  better  than  cattle  is  by 
belonging  to  the  trade  union  movement. 

*  *      * 

The  Federal  Trade  Commission  has 
incurred  the  displeasure  of  ''Big  Busi- 
ness" for  exposing  profiteering  and  mal- 
practice in  general  among  the  big  inter- 
ests. As  a  consequence,  efforts  are  now 
being  made  to  abolish  the  commission 
or  cut  its  activities. 

*  *      * 

The  cost  of  wars  from  1793  to  1910 
was  $23,000,000,000;  while  the  cost  of 
the  world  war  from  1914  to  1918  was 
!R1SG,000,000,000,  the  property  loss  ap- 
proximating $109,000,000,000.  After 
all,  does  war  pay? 


3S 


THE     CARPENTER 


American  farmers  lost  between  five 
and  six  billion  dollars  on  last  year's 
products,  and  thus  deflation  of  the  ac- 
tual wealth  producers  goes  merrily  on. 

*  *      * 

Samuel  Unterineyer,  attorney  for  the 
Loekwood  Commission,  recently  de- 
nounced the  United  Steel  Trust  as  being 
the  greatest  enemy  of  industrial  peace 
in  the  country  and  expressed  the 
opinion  that  its  activities  would  have  to 
be  curbed.  This  will  be  no  news  to 
Organized  Labor.      Labor  has  known  it 

for  years. 

*  *      * 

A  judge  of  Massachusetts  Supreme 
Court  recently  issued  an  injunction  pro- 
hibiting not  alone  '•picketing,''  but  also 
the  payment  of  strike  benefits,  if  re- 
cent news  articles  are  to  be  believed. 

*  *      * 

It  is  evident  some  Federal  judges  have 
become  jealous,  as  they  are  credited  with 
enjoining  unions  from  collecting  dues 
and  organizing  the  unorganized.  It  is 
truly  the  age  of  competition,  at  least 
with  the  courts  when  it  comes  to  issuing 
injunctions. 

*  *      * 

The  New  York  Trust  Company  is  au- 
thority for  the  statement  that  anthra- 
cite coal  is  twice  as  high  in  New  York 
City  as  it  should  be.  Evidently  there 
are  no  coal  barons  among  the  trust  com- 
pany's depositors. 

*  *      a 

American  financiers  hold  at  present 
approximately  25%  of  the  world's  sup- 
ply of  gold  and  the  percentage  is  rapidly 
increasing.     American  workers  are  50% 

unemployed. 


which  is  the  worst  thing  that  could  pos- 
sibly be  done  for  the  economic  recovery 
of  the  United  States  and  Europe. 

*  *      * 

Judged  by  some  recent  incidents,  rail- 
road executives  have  placed  the  in- 
telligence of  the  members  of  the  Inter- 
state Commerce  Commission  on  a  level 
no  higher  than  they  concede  to  the  aver- 
age run  of  humanity. 

*  *      * 

Talk  about  "the  crime  of  '73."  It 
wasn't  a  circumstance  to  the  "crime  of 
1921."  The  men  who  destroyed  the 
greenbacks  and  demonetized  silver  were 
"pikers"  compared  with  the  gentlemen 
who  control  our  Federal  Reserve  Board. 

*  *      * 

This  Board,  overnight,  reduced  the 
value  of  the  farmers'  crops  by  eight 
billions,  threw  from  three  to  five  million 
workers  jobless  into  the  streets,  and,  ac- 
cording to  the  Senator  from  South 
Carolina,  quadrupled  our  national  debt. 

*  *      * 

By  continually  advocating  the  Union 
Label  you  will  convince  your  weak- 
kneed  brother  of  your  optimism  in  the 
future  of  the  trades-union  movement. 

*  *      * 

Like  the  judge  in  New  York  State 
who  declared  that  the  judiciary  repre- 
sented capital,  Senator  Edgs  admits  that 
members  of  the  Senate  represent  the 
manufacturers.  . 

*  *      * 

Some  bright  young  man  in  govern- 
ment should  rise  and  explain  why  the 
cost  of  living  goes  up  while  the  cost  of 
wheat,  corn,  hogs  and  cattle  is  going 
down. 


After  the  din  and  clatter  about  build- 
ing revivals  when  wages  are  reduced, 
these  prophets  are  smoked  out.  Wages 
have  been  lowered  but  the  revival  has 

failed  to  materialize — why? 

*  *      * 

The  best  safeguard  of  any  nation 
against  autocracy  and  dictatorships, 
whether  of  an  organized  autocracy  or  a 
misguided  section  of  the  working  peo- 
ple, is  a  strong,  intelligent  and  well- 
organized  trade  union  movement. 

*  *      * 

What  could  be  more  confusing  than 
the  business  situation  at  present,  with 
the  tax  bill  that  has  finally  been  forced 
through  the  House,  which  pleases  no- 
body, and  they  are  still  bent  on  getting 
through     an     old-fashioned     tariff     bill, 


The  insidious,  persistent  and  wide- 
spread propaganda  of  the  Building  Ma- 
terial Trust  is  the  greatest  ever  attempt- 
ed to  deceive  our  people. 

The  big  bankers  and  business  people 
of  Chicago  recently  held  a  number  of 
conferences  and  decided  to  begin  a  war 
of  extermination  against  the  union  shop, 
and  it  is  announced .  pledged  $1,000,000 
for  the  purpose. 

*      *      * 

Strange  as  it  may  seem,  the  Chicago 
unionists  have  not  been  thrown  into  a 
panic  because  of  the  latest  war  declara- 
tion for  the  very  simple  reason  they 
have  heard  such  threats  before  and  have 
had  to  fight  every  foot  of  the  way  to 
the  position  they  now  occupy. 


^ifE    CARPENTER 


39 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 

TSihere  were  2,943  coal  mines  worked 
in  Great  Britain  in  1921,  as  compared 
with  2,807  in  1920.  Of  these,  in  1921, 
512  were  in  Scotland  and  16  in  Ireland. 

*  *      * 

There  has  been  a  recurrence  of  labor 
unrest  in  Trieste,  notably  among  the 
shipyard  workers.  These  workers  an- 
nounce that  they  purposed  calling 
another  strike,  owing  to  a  disagreement 

over  wages. 

*  *      * 

Breaking  all  records  in  salary  and 
wage  increases,  German  trade  unions 
and  the  Government,  after  long  negotia- 
tions have  agreed  upon  a  "raise"  for 
state  and  Government  employes  aggre- 
gating thirty  billion  marks  annually. 
The  raise  comes  in  the  guise  of  a  "high 
cost  of  living  addition,"  and  it  amounts 
to  an  average  of  20  per  cent  of  the  wages 

or  salary. 

*  *      * 

Notices  are  posted  in  North  "Wales  by 
employers  announcing  that  work  would 
be  discontinued  in  the  mines  unless  re- 
duction of  wages  and  cost  of  working 
could  be  effected. 

*  *      * 

By  Government  mediation  the  strike 
in  the  paper  industry,  at  Christiana,  Nor- 
way, was  settled  and  the  mills  have  re- 
sumed operation. 

By  order  of  the  Governor  in  Council 
of  the  Presidency  of  Bengal  at  Calcutta, 
India,  a  conciliation  board  is  inaugurated 
for  the  settlement  of  labor  disputes. 

*  *      * 

In  Italy  unemployment  is  reported  as 
decidedly  decreased,  due  to  a  partial  re- 
vival of  industrial  activities  and  emigra- 
tion to  various  countries. 


Information  Wanted 

Anyone  knowing  of  the  whereabouts 
of  Harry  C.  Miller,  formerly  of  Cincin- 
nati, O.,  later  of  Dallas,  Tex.,  kindly  ad- 
dress Mrs.  M.  West,  501  E.  6th  St., 
Davenport,  la. 

*  *      * 

Anyone  knowing  the  whereabouts  of 
T.  E.  Adams,  formerly  a  member  of 
L.  U.  622,  of  Waco,  Tex.;  last  heard 
from  at  Lincoln,  Neb.,  kindly  address 
W.  J.  Paisley,  Box  170,  Waco,  Tex. 

*  *      * 

Oscar  D.  Burgess,  formerly  residing 
at  Gage,  Okla.,  and  also  of  Amasville, 
Tex. ;    last    heard    from    in    July,    1921. 


Any    one    knowing    of    his    whereabouts 

kindly    notify    Mrs.    Mabel    J.    Burgess, 

Care  of  H.  J.  Emerson,  515  Portsmouth 

Building,  Kansas  City,  Kas. 

e 

Carpenters'  Union  of  Montgomery 
Banquet 

The  members  of  Carpenters'  L.  U.  No. 
2317,  of  Montgomery,  W.  Va.,  enjoyed 
a  delightful  banquet  recently. 

C.  C.  Bradley,  a  member  of  Charles- 
ton L.  U.  No.  1207,  made  a  most  enter- 
taining and  instructive  address  on  the 
aims  and  objects  of  Organized  Labor  and 
particularly  stressing  the  great  need  of 
closer  affiliation  of  all  crafts  and  more 
unity  among  the  membership. 

Both  President  Roberts  and  Secretary 
Nutter  of  2317  made  short  addresses  in 
which  they  urged  the  membership  to 
take  a  greater  interest  in  organization 
work  and  assist  crafts  to  organize.  Sev- 
eral other  members  of  the  Local  also 
spoke  along  the  same  lines. 

The  entertainment  was  thoroughly  en- 
joyed by  all  and  the  speeches  made 
lasting  impressions  among  those  present 
which  will  bring  forth  results  in  the 
future. 

There  is  now  a  movement  on  foot 
there  to  organize  a  Central  Body  which 
will  be  of  material  assistance  in  the 
formation  of  new  Local  Unions  among 
the  crafts  yet  unorganized. 


1,000  Attend  Annual  Ball  of  Carpenters' 
Union  Local 

Six  Vaudeville  acts  given  between 
dances  did  much  to  enliven  the  ball 
given  by  L.  U.  808,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y,  at 
the  Labor  Lyceum.  About  1,000  persons 
attended.  Officers  of  the  different  Lo- 
cals and  of  the  District  Council  were 
present.  Sidney  Pease,  Secretary,  said 
that  $1,500  would  be  realized  from  the 
ball,  leaving  a  net  profit  of  $600,  which 
would  go  to  the  maintenance  of  the 
needy  and  aged  members  of  the  organi- 
zation. 

This  was  the  third  annual  affair  of  the 
Local.  Dancing  started  at  S  :30.  An 
hour  and  half  later  souvenirs  were  dis- 
tributed to  the  children  and  to  the  men. 
Each  of  the  children  was  presented  with 
a  pencil  and  each  of  the  men  with  a 
five-foot  rule.  The  ladies  were  served 
ice  cream.  A  march  by  the  children, 
led  by  the  Chairmen  of  the  different  en- 
tertainment committees,  brought  the  ball 
to  a  close. 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


Some  New  Woodworking  Tools 

E.  C.  Stearns  &  Co.,  of  Syracuse,  N. 
T.,  an  old  and  reliable  hardware  manu- 
facturing concern,  is  placing  on  the 
market  some  new  woodworking  tools  for 
the  use  of  carpenters.  One  of  the  new 
tools  is  a  woodmarking  gage,  9  in.  long, 
plainly  graduated :  it  has  a  metal  head, 
japanned,  and  has  nickel  plated  set 
screws.  They  are  also  putting  on  the 
market  a  folding  steel  saw  vise,  made 
of  channel  steel,  finished  in  black  japan 
baked  on  and  has  two  clamps  for  clamp- 
ing to  the  bench ;  the  clamps  fold  in 
oven  with  the  jaws,  making  a  small 
package  convenient  to  carry  in  the  tool 
chest ;  the  front  jaw  is  faced  with  rub- 
ber to  prevent  vibration  and  noise ;  the 
length  of  javrs  is  11%  in.,  and  the  whole 
clamp  weighs  only  1%  pounds.  The 
wholesale  list  price  is  $1.50  each.  They 
are  also  putting  out  an  all  steel  saw  vise 
without  rubber  jaws  for  less  than  the 
above  price.  Any  carpenters  interested 
in  this  may  communicate  with  E.  C. 
Stearns  &  Co.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


't's  Nerve 


New  Buildings 

Plans  are  being  prepared  for  a  $350,- 
000  Y.  W.  C.  A.  at  Dallas,  Tex. 

Chicago  is  to  have  a  new  memorial 
Masonsic  Temple  to  cost  $550,000. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  is  to  have  a  new  Ma- 
sonic Temple  at  a  cost  of  $1,500,000. 

A  state  library  is  to  be  constructed 
at  Kalamazoo.  Mich.,  at  a  cost  of  $300,- 
000.  It  is  to  be  attached  to  the  State 
Normal  School. 

Unions  in  Trenton.  N.  J.,  are  having 
plans  drawn  for  a  $400,000  Labor  Tem- 
ple for  that  city. 

Architects  in  Philadelphia  have  been 
authorized  to  draw  plans  for  a  fine  mu- 
seum for  Woodward  Ave.,  Detroit,  to 
cost  about  $3,000,000. 

A  new  Masonic  block  is  to  be  con- 
structed on  56th  and  State  Sts.,  Chicago, 
at  a  cost  of  $800,000. 

A  Masonic  Temple  is  to  be  erected  in 
Detroit,  Mich.,  to  cost  $4,000,000  on 
plans  by  G.  D.  Mason  and  Company. 

The  Church  Hill  Hotel  Corporation. 
Chicago.  111.,  are  having  plans  drawn  for 
a  $1,000,000  stone  and  brick  hotel  on 
State  and  Goethe  Sts. 

A  $600,000  hotel  is  to  be  erected  at 
South  Bend,  Ind.,  on  plans  by  J.  S. 
Aroner  &  Company  of  Chicago. 

Belmont  Avenue,  Chicago,  is  to  have  a 
combined  store  and  theatre  building  to 
cost  $2,000,000,  plans  by  TV.  Alsehlager. 


e 


Nuxated  Iron 


that  helps  make  STRONG,  MAGNETIC, 
FORCEFUL  MEN,  and  women  who 
make  their  over  mastering  presence  felt 
the  moment  they  enter  a  room. 


NUXATED     IRON 

contains  the  principal  chemical  constituent  of 
active  living  nerve  force  in  a  form  which  most 
nearly  resembles  that  in  the  brain  and  nerve 
cells  of  man.  It  also  contains  organic  iron  like 
the  iron  in  your  blood  and  like  the  iron  ia 
spinach,  lentils  and  apples.  Organic  iron  en- 
riches the  blood  and  plenty  of  rich  red  blood 
means  more  nerve  force,  so  tiat  Xuxated  Iron 
not  only  feeds  what  might  be  termed  artificial 
nerve  force  to  the  nerve  cells,  but  it  stimulates 
the  blood  to  manufacture  a  greatly  increased 
supply  of  new  nerve  force.  If  you  are  weak, 
nervous  or  run-down,  get  a  bottle  of  ZSTuxated 
Iron  today,  and  if  within  two  weeks'  time  you 
do  not  feel  that  it  has  increased  your  nerve 
force  and  made  you  feel  better  and  stronger  in 
every  way,  your  money  will  be  refunded.  Sold 
by  all  druggists. 


A  Methodist  Episcopal  church  is  to  be 
erected  at  "Woodward  and  Marston 
Aves.,  Detroit,  at  a  cost  of  $500,000,' 
plans  by  TV.  E.  N.  Hunter,  Detroit. 

A  junior  high  school  is  to  be  built  in 
North  Beiger,  N.  J.,  at  a  cost  of  $750,- 
000. 


-s- 


Test  of  a  Man 

The  test  of  a  man  is  the  fight  he  makes, 

The  grit  that  he  daily  shows  ; 
The  way  he  stands  on  his  feet  and  takes 

Fate's  numerous  bumi;s  and  blows, 
A    coward    can    smile   when    there's    naught    to 
fear, 

When  nothing  his  progress  bars, 
But  it  takes  a  man  to  stand  up  and  cheer 

While  some  other  fellow  stars. 

It  isn't  the  victory  after  all, 

But  the  fight  that  a  brother  makes  ; 
The  man   who,   driven   against   the  wall, 

Still  stands  up  erect  and  takes 
The  blows  of  fate  with  his  head  held  high, 

Bleeding  and  bruised  and  pale, 
Is  the  man  who'll  win  in  the  by  and  by, 

For  he  isn't  afraid  to  fail. 

It's  the  bumps  you  get,  and  the  jolts  you  get, 

And  the  shocks  that  your  courage  stands, 
The  hours  of  sorrow  and  vain  regret 

The  prize  that  escapes  your  hands. 
That  test  your  mettle  and  prove  your  worth  ; 

It  isn'r  the  blows  you  deal. 
But  the  blows  you  take,  on  the  good  old  earth, 

That  shows  if  vour  stuff  is  real. 

— Dallas  Saturday  Mght. 


THE     CARPENTER 


41 


Health  Talks 

(By  "William  Brady,  M.  D.,  Noterl  Physi- 
cian and  Author  The  Aspirin  Habit) 
Cetyl-salicylic  acid,  more  commonly 
known  as  "aspirin,"  is  a  coal-tar  deri- 
vative widely  employed  as  a  pain-killer. 
Formerly  it  had  the  protection  of  a 
patent,  which  expired  two  or  three  years 
ago,  so  that  any  one  may  now  manufac- 
ture and  sell  the  drug.  The  patent  hav- 
ing expired,  we  may  also  speak  frankly 
about  the  drug  here.  A  great  many  in- 
quiries from  readers  have  been  hereto- 
fore answered  by  mail  only. 

The  original  excuse  for  resorting  to 
this  pain-killer  is  generally  headache  or 
neuralgia  or  some  such  pain.  But  the 
drug  seems  to  take  a  hold  upon  the  vic- 
tim, so  that  the  headache  or  neuralgia 
comes  more  and  more  frequently ;  or  the 
victim  falls  into  the  habit  of  taking  some 
of  the  drug  to  "ward  off"  or  "prevent" 
a  threatened  headache,  or  the  victim  re- 
sorts to  the  drug  to  drown  anxiety, 
fatigue  or  other  unhappy  emotion.  Some 
women  have  taken  as  much  as  100 
grains  in  a  day. 

Now  it  is  a  peculiar  fact  that  many 
victims  of  the  habit  go  on  for  months 
and  years  abusing  the  drug  before  show- 
ing any  great  constitutional  injury, 
whereas  others  succumb  to  its  effects 
after  comparatively  short  and  moderate 
habituation.  This  is  probably  accounted 
for  by  idiosyncrasy ;  just  as  certain  per- 
sons cannot  take  quinine  in  any  dose 
without  serious  results.  The  tcetyl- 
salicylic  acid  has  the  quality  of  a  gen- 
eral analgesic — that  is,  it  benumbs  or 
relieves  almost  any  kind  of  ache,  pain 
or  distress,  for  a  short  time.  Of  course 
it  doesn't  cure  the  disease;  it  simply 
clubs  the  nervous  system  into  temporary 
insensibility,  so  to  speak.  It  depresses 
the  heart-regulating  center  in  the  brain, 
and  lowers  the  temperature  of  the  body, 
in  health  and  in  fever,  but  only  in  a 
poisonous  way,  at  the  expense  of  vitality. 
Like  many  other  coal-tar  derivatives 
which  are  pain-killers,  anxiety-dis- 
solvers,  fever-reducers,  blood-destroyers 
and  heart-weakeners,  such  an  acetane- 
lide,  phenacetin  and  antipyrin  (and 
these  enter  into  a  thousand  and  one 
dangerous  nostrums)  aspirin  has  bad 
effects. 

It  is  unwise  and  unsafe  to  take  even 
a  five- grain  dose  of  aspirin  without  care- 
fully remaining  lying  down  for  at  least 
half  an  hour  afterward.  Disaster  is 
courted  when  a  dose  of  such  a  heart-de- 


pressing drug  is  taken  and  any  active 
exertion  immediately  entered  upon 
thereafter. 

In  common  with  the  other  coal-tar 
derivatives  employed  as  pain-killers, 
acetyl- salicylic  acid  interferes  with  the 
oxygen  carrying  function  of  the  blood. 
A  certain  peculiar  blueness  of  fingernails 
and  lips  (cyanosis)  is  one  sign  of  this 
and  should  be  a  warning  to  the  victim 
that  the  habit  is  endangering  life.  A 
strange  numbness  felt  after  a  dose  of 
the  favorite  dope  is  another  warning. 
When  these  coal-tar  pain-killers  are 
abused  in  spite  of  such  warnings,  it  is 
not  unusual  to  see  a  ruin  follow.  Some- 
times "sudden"  death  occurs.  Some- 
times the  victim  is  committed  to  an  in- 
stitution for  the  insane. 


Book  Review 

In  "The  Hope  of  the  Future,"  pub- 
lished by  "The  Cornhill  Publishing  Co. 
of  Boston,  Edward  E.  Eagle  gives  not 
only  an  interesting  account  of  the  travels 
through  foreign  countries,  but  by  the 
study  which  he  has  given  to  the  tims 
and  methods  of  the  British  Empire,  sets 
forth  the  need  of  close  co-operation  be- 
tween the  Empire  and  the  United  States. 
Mr.  Eagle's  book  will  be  read  with  in- 
terest by  those  wishing  a  better  under- 
standing of  the  character  and  purpose  of 
the  Empire  as  it  exists  today. 


Courage 

Courage  is  something  which  you  may  And 

Wherever  you  go  and  in  every  place — 
It  is  being  helpful  and  being  kind, 

It  is  meeting  the  world  with  a  smiling  face ; 
It  isn't  of  rank  or  of  high  degree, 

It  isn't  God's  gift  to  a  favored  few ; 
Woman's  as  brave  as  a  man  can  be, 

And  a  boy  can  shine  with  its  glory,  too. 

Hearts  courageous  are  everywhere, 

The  man  who  stands  to  his  task  by  day 

And  does  his  best  with  his  bit  of  care, 
And  still  helps  others  along  life's  way, 

Is  doing  all  that  a  brave  man  can. 

Oh,  the  world  is  peopled  with  souls  like  this, 

Who  are  humbly  serving  some  lofty  plan 
With  never  a  sigh  for  the  joys  they  miss. 

Who  are  braver  than  mothers  fair 

Who  go  to  the  door  of  death  and  smile, 
With  scarcely  a  moan  for  the  pain  they  bear 

And    never    a    thought    for    themselves    the 
while  ? 
Courage  is  born  of  a  thousand  deeds. 

It  throbs  today  in   uncounted  breasts, 
It  is  keeping  up  with  the  daily  needs 

And  ringing  true  with  the  sternest  tears. 

It  is  playing  fair  when  a  trick  would  win, 

It  is  being  friendly  and  kind  and  true  ! 
It  is  keeping  clean  when  lured  by  sin, 

It  is  serving  the  many  and  not  the  few  ; 
It  is  keeping  on  when  the  goal  you  miss, 

It  is  being  cheerful  in  spite  of  care. 
And  millions  of  people  are  doing  this 

Round  about  us  and  everywhere. 

— Edgar  A.  Guest. 


How  to  Frame  a  Roof  of  Unequal  Pitch 

(From  a  Practical  Course  in  Roof  Framing.     By  Richard  M.  Van  Gaasbeek.) 

(Published  By  F.  J.  Drake  &  Co.,  Chicago,  111.) 

(Concluded.) 

To  Lay  Out  the  Valley  Rafter. — The       fence  firmly  against  the  top  edge  of  the 

length  of  the  valley  and  the  plumb  and       valley  and  lay   off  the  run   on   the   side 

level  cuts  are  laid  out  the  same  as  for      of  the  rafter,  Fig.  14. 

the  hip  rafter.      The  return  cut  for  the  To    simplify    picking    up    the    various 


Fig.  14 — Developed  Length  of  Valley  Rafter  for  Roof  of  Unequal  Pitch. 


facia  is  the  reverse  to  that  of  the  hip 
and  the  birdsmouth  differs.  Take  the 
run  from  the  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring 
from  the  facia  line  to  the  intersection 
of  the  hip  rafter,  or  13%,  which  should 
measure  the  same  as  the  hip.     Press  the 


distances  that  will  be  required  in  laying 
out  the  bevels  and  cuts  for  the  valley 
rafter,  lay  out  a  full  size  section  of  the 
facia  and  plate  as  shown  in  Fig.  15. 
Lay  in  the  valley  full  size  and  where  the 
outside  edge  of  the  rafter  on  side  B  in- 


THE    CARPEXTER 


43 


tersects  the  wall  line,  square  a  line 
across  at  right  angles  to  the  center  line 
until  it  intersects  the  center  line  as  at 
3,  Fig.  15.  Also  square  a  line  across  at 
right  angles  to  the  center  line  at  the 
intersection  of  the  facia  lines  until  it  in- 
tersects both  sides  of  the  rafter  as  at 
A- A,  Fig.  15. 

As  the  hip  and  valley  form  a  butt 
joint,  no  deduction  need  be  made  from 
the  length   obtained.      Measure   in   from 


ure   I  5 


Fig.  15 — Full  Size  Section  Through  S-S, 
Fig.  1.  Showing  Intersection  of  Val- 
ley At  the  Plate  and  the  Facia  Line. 

the  facia  line  on  a  level  line,  the  diagon- 
al of  the  projection  A-B,  Fig.  15,  meas- 
uring on  the  center  line  of  the  valley 
from  the  intersection  of  the  facia  to 
where  it  crosses  the  plate  or  2%  in.  and 
produce  the  wall  line  B,  Fig.  14  and 
square  this  line  across  the  bottom  edge 
of  the  rafter  as  shown  in  the  bottom 
view,  and  point  off  the  center.  To  make 
a  fit  against  the  wall  measure  on  the 
side  of  the  rafter  from  the  wall  line  B, 
Fig.  14,  the  distance  B-3,  Fig.  15,  and 
produce  another  plumb  line.  Connect 
this  line  through  the  center  as  shown  at 
4,  Fig.  14.  Measure  down  on  the  facia 
line  from  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  % 
in.,  the  width  of  the  facia  and  produce 
the  plancher  level  F.  Measure  up  from 
the  plancher  level  on  a  plumb  line  2  in., 
locating  the  plate  level  G,  noticing  that 
the  valley  crosses  the  same  plate  as  the 
long  common  rafters.  To  anake  the 
turn  on  the  facia  line,  measure  forward 
on  the  side  of  the  valley  from  the  facia 
line  A,  Fig.  14,  the  distance  A-l  on  side 
A  and  the  distance  A- 2  on  side  B,  Fig. 
15,  and  produce  plumb  line  1  on  side  A 
and  plumb  line  2  and  side  B  of  the  raf- 


ter, Fig.  14.  Connect  these  lines  on  the 
top  edge  with  the  facia  line  on  the  cen- 
ter line  of  the  valley.  Cut  at  these 
angles  on  the  top  edge  on  plumb  lines  1 
and  2  for  the  facia,  on  line  F  for  the 
plancher  level,  on  line  G  make  a  square 
cut  and  on  line  4  on  the  bottom  edge  a 
bevel  cut  for  the  birdsmouth  and  on  line 
T  make  a  square  cut  for  the  butt  joint 
against  the  hip  rafter.  The  top  edge 
of  the  valley  is  left  square  as  the  center 
line  of  the  valley  and  the  hip  are  in  the 
same  plane  or  alinement. 

To  Lay  Out  the  Ridges. — The  run  of 
the  ridge  is  taken  from  the  lay-out,  Fig. 
1,  measuring  from  the  walT  line  to  the 
intersection  of  the  center  line  of  the  hip 
and  valley  or  14  in.  on  the  long  common 
side  and  17  in.  on  the  short  common 
side.  From  this  length  deduct  one-half 
the  diagonal  thickness  of  the  valley  T- 
W,  Fig.  16  measured  in  the  center  line 
of  the  ridge  and  locate  the  center  on  the 
top  edge.  Set  a  bevel  square  on  a  line 
with  the  ridge  and  valley  and  apply 
the  bevel  to  the  top  edge  of  the  ridge 
and  mark  through  the  center  point.  Cut 
on  this  bevel  on  the  top  edge  a  square 
cut  across  the  ridge. 

To  Assemble  Rafters. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevation,  Fig. 
17.  Set  up  and  fasten  the  hip  and  val- 
ley rafters  first.  The  center  line  of  each 
must  intersect  at  the  apex.  In  fasten- 
ing the  ridge  keep  the  top  edge  of  the 
ridge  in  line  with  the  top  of  the  plumb 
cut  on  the  common  rafters.  This  drops  the 
ridge  out  of  its  normal  position  so  that 
the  top  edge   will   not  be   in   alinement 

Figure   16 


Fig.  16 — Full  Size  Section  Through  V-Y, 
Fig.  1.  Showing  Intersection  of 
Ridge  and  Valley  Rafter. 

with  the  center  lines  of  the  hip  and  val- 
ley. If  the  ridges  were  not  dropped  it 
would  be  necessary  to  bevel  the  edges 
on  either  side  to  the  pitch  of  the  roof. 
The  top  edge  of  the  ridge  on  the  long 
common  side  being  %  in.  thick  and  the 
rafters  one-half  pitch,  the  ridge  is  one- 
half  of  %   in.  or  3-16  in.  lower  than  the 


44 


THE     CARPENTER 


center  line  of  the  hip.  The  exact  loca- 
tion of  the  ridge  where  it  intersects  the 
valley  may  be  determined  by  laying  out 
a  full  size  section  as  shown  in  Fig.  16. 
Square  a  line  across  at  right  angles  to 
the  center  line  of  the  hip  and  valley  at 
the  intersection  of  the  ridge  and  hip  and 
valley,  thus  locating  the  butt  joint  of 
the  two  rafters.  Measure  the  distance 
on  the  layout  R-S,  Fig.   16  and  set  the 


C  to  E  is  the  developed  length  of  the 
hip  rafter. 

A  to  E  is  the  developed  length  of  the 
valley  rafter. 

D  to  E  is  the  developed  length  of  the 
long  common  rafters. 

G  to  E  is  the  developed  length  of  the 
short  common  x'afters. 


Fig.  17 — Elevation  of  Hip  and  Valley  Roof  of  Unequal  Pitch. 


ridge  this  distance  from  the  point  of  the 
two  rafters.  The  center  lines  on  all  raf- 
ters throughout  the  entire  roof  must  be 
in  the  same  plane  so  that  the  roof 
boards  will  lay  flat. 

Development  of  the  Rafters  On  the 
Plan. — Fig.  18  will  serve  to  illustrate 
and  prove  the  lengths  and  bevels  and 
will  explain  in  a  graphic  way  how  the 
lengths  and  bevels  may  be  obtained. 

A  to  B  is  the  rise  of  the  hip  and  valley 
rafter. 

A  to  C  is  the  run  of  the  hip  and  valley 
rafter. 

B  to  C  is  the  length  of  the  hip  and 
valley  rafter. 


Angle  H  gives  the  bevel  cut  for  the 
top  of  jack  rafters  8,  9,  10  and  11. 

H-H-H-H  gives  the  developed  lengths 
of  jack  rafters  8,  9,  10  and  11. 

Angle   I   gives   the  bevel   cut  for  the 
top  of  jack  rafters  1,  2,  3,  4  and  5. 

I-I-I-I-I   gives   the   developed  lengths 
of  jack  rafters  1,  2,  3,  4  and  5. 

Angle  J  gives  the  bevel  cut  for  the  top 
of  jack  rafters  12,  13  and  14. 

J-J-J  gives   the   developed  lengths  of 
jack  rafters  12,   13  and  14. 

Angle  K  gives   the  bevel  for  the  top 
cut  on  jack  rafters  18,  19  and  20. 


THE     CARPENTER 


45 


K-K-K  gives  the  developed  length  of 
jack  rafters  18,  19  and  20. 

Runs  and  Lengths  of  Rafters. — The 
runs  are  taken  from  the  layout,  Fig.  1, 
the  lengths  should  be  developed  with 
the  steel  square.  The  measurements  are 
taken  on  the  center  line  on  the  top  edge 
of  the  rafter  and   are   listed  in    the  ac- 


ridge  hip  or  valley  for  the  cutting 
length.  If  a  model  is  made  for  practice 
to  the  same  scale  'xs  the  layout,  read  the 
figures  in  the  table  as  inches.  For  ex- 
ample,   rafter    1,    the    run    would    read 


% 


12 


in.    and    the    length    2 


r>% 


12 


in. 


Fig.  IS — Developed  Lengths  of  the  Rafters  On  the  Plan. 


company  in  g  table,  as  in  trade  practice, 
full  size,  without  any  deductions.  Make 
allowances    where    rafters    intersect    a 


The  square  being  laid  out  in  twelfths  of 
an  inch,  it  is  an  easy  matter  to  check 
the  work  up  accurately. 


46 


THE     CARPENTER 


RUNS   AND   LENGTHS  OF   RAFTERS   FOR   HIP  AND   VALLEY 
ROOF  OF   UNEQUAL   PITCH 


No.  of 

Quantity. 

Rafter 

of  Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

Remarks 

1 

1 

1* 

5%" 

2' 

5%" 

Jack  Rafters  on  Short 

2 

1 

2' 

10%" 

4' 

io  y2" 

Common  Side. 

3 

1 

4' 

3%" 

7' 

2%" 

" 

4 

1 

5' 

9" 

9' 

8%" 

ii 

5 

1 

7' 

2%" 

12' 

2%" 

<< 

6 

12 

8' 

0" 

13' 

7y4" 

Short  Common  Rafters. 

7 

1 

8' 

0" 

13' 

7y4" 

Jack  Rafters  on  Short 

8 

1 

6' 

6" 

11' 

%" 

Common   Side. 

9 

1 

5' 

%" 

8' 

7y2" 

ii 

10 

1 

o 

7y2" 

6' 

2%" 

<( 

11 

1 

2' 

2Yi" 

3' 

8y2" 

ic 

12 

1 

2' 

9" 

3' 

10%" 

Jack  Rafters  on  Long 

13 

1 

5' 

6" 

7' 

9%" 

Common  Side. 

14 

1 

8' 

o 

11' 

sy*" 

" 

15 

1 

11' 

0" 

15' 

6%" 

ii 

16 

10 

11' 

0" 

15' 

6%" 

Long  Common  Rafters. 

17 

1 

11' 

0" 

15' 

6%" 

Jack  Rafters  on  Long 

18 

1 

8' 

3" 

11' 

8%" 

Common  Side. 

19 

1 

5' 

6" 

7' 

9%" 

" 

20 

1 

2' 

9" 

o 

10  %•• 

<c 

A 

1 

13' 

7y3" 

17' 

6" 

Hip  Rafter. 

B 

1 

13' 

7y2" 

17' 

6" 

Valley  Rafter. 

C 

1 

17' 

0" 

17' 

0" 

Ridge. 

I) 

1 

14' 

0" 

14' 

0" 

Ridge. 

House  Framing 

(By  Owen  B.  Maginnis. ) 


Fig.  2 — Sill  Framed  of  Two  Pieces. 


Fig.  1 — General  View  of  a  Frame  Set  Up 
Wrong  and  Incomplete. 

Referring  to  Fig.  1,  the  first  floor 
beams  will  be  seen  at  D.  D.  D.  It  will 
be  noticed  that  they  rest  on  the  cellar 
girder,  A,  are  notched  or  girded  over  the 
sills,  B  B,  and  their  bottom  edges  rest 
on  the  stonework  of  the  foundation  or 
cellar  walls. 

In  Fig.  4,  I  show  two  more  arrange- 
ments of  sills  which  are  even  cheaper 
than  the  foregoing,  inasmuch  as  they 
are  made  up  of  ordinary  floor  timbers 
spiked  together,  so  as  to  form,  as  it  were, 


Fig.  3 — Sill,  Using  a  Floor  Beam  to 
Form  It. 


THE     CARPENTER 


47 


box  sills.  For  very  cheap  work,  as 
small  houses  or  barns,  they  can  be  read- 
ily and  economically  introduced.     No   2 


&zn 


"KZ^EJr-H 


ECT/ON  OF  SILL, 

Fig  4 — Cheap  Sills. 

is  especially  suitable  for  barns,  as  it 
does  away  with  much  timber  and  labor, 
but  it  must  be  remembered  that  incom- 
plete sills  of  this  description  or  char- 
acter should  never  be  introduced  when  a 
few  dollars  can  be  spared  to  put  in  one 
of  a  better  and  more  suitable  form.  Any 
sensible  mind  will  readily  understand 
that  such  sills  must  necessarily  follow 
the  settlement  of  the  stone  underpin- 
ning, and  should  this  be  uneven,  the 
whole  superstructure  will,  as  a  matter  of 
consequence,  strain  and  become  injured. 


-§=I£EBS-6I 


Two  More  Examples  of  Sill 
Construction. 


This  sketch  shows  two  other  methods 
of  sill  construction.  At  B  is  a  2x8 
placed  on  the  wall,  and  A  is  a  2x6  spiked 
fast  to  it;  C  is  a  2x4  studding  spliced 
firmly  to  A  and  B ;  D  is  spiked  in  the 
same  manner,  the  end  and  side  sills  are 
both  made  the  same  way  and  spiked  well 
at  the  corners,  making  a  first-class  box 
sill,  and  one  that  can  be  relied  on  in  a 
cyclone. 

In  proceeding,  I  think  it  best  to  give 
the  reader,  especially  the  beginner  and 
young  mechanic,  a  general  description  of 
the  principal  component  parts  of  a  sim- 
ple house  framed  on  the  balloon  system ; 
then  to  instruct  him  practically  in  the 
various  practical  means  and  methods 
which  must  be  followed  when  building 
houses  of  this  class.  I  therefore  most 
respectfully  ask  those  who  wish  to  ap- 
ply them  in  actual  practice  to  become 
thoroughly  acquainted  with  those  im- 
portant instruments  or  tools  absolutely 
necessary  to  proceed  accurately,  name- 
ly :  the  two-foot  rule,  ten-foot  pole,  and 
steel  square.  The  last  almost  combine-; 
all  three. 

Placing  Cellar  Girders.  These  will  re- 
quire to  be  lifted  into  the  place  on  top 
of  the  piers  built  for  them  in  the  cellar, 
and  set  perfectly  level  and  straight  from 
end  to  end.  Some  prefer  to  give  their 
girders  a  slight  crown  of  say  1  in.  in  the 
entire  length,  and  it  is  a  wise  plan,  be- 
cause   the    piere    generally    settle    more 


48 


THE    CARPENTER 


than  the  outside  walls.  When  there  are 
posts  instead  of  brick  piers  used  to  sup- 
port the  girder,   the  best  method  is  to 


Wall  Plates,   Hips,   Jacks  and  Common 

Rafters  in  Position  In  a  Hip  Roof 
temporarily  sustain  the  girder  by  up- 
rights made  of  pieces  of  2x4  joists  rest- 
ing on  blocks  on  the  ground  below. 
When  the  superstructure  is  raised  these 
can  be  knocked  out  and  the  permanent 
posts  placed,  resting  their  bottom  ends 
on  a  broad  flat  stone,  to  form  a  base  or 
foundation  footing. 

If  the  supporting  posts  and  piers  be 
not  placed  or  built  until  after  the  build- 
ing is  erected,  then  carpenters  should 
exercise  good  judgment  when  jacking 
the  girders  up,  to  place  them  under  it 
and  not  raise  them  so  much  as  to  strain 
the  building,  and  it  is  always  desirable 
to  obtain  the  crown  mentioned  before. 
The  practice  of  temporarily  shoring  the 
girders,  and  not  placing  the  permanent 
supports  until  after  the  superstructure  is 
finished,  is  favored  by  good  builders, 
and  it  would  be  well  for  carpenters  to 
know  just  how  it  should  be  done. 

Setting  Sills.  After  the  girder  is  in 
position,  the  sills  are  placed  on  top  of 
the  cellar  walls,  rounding  side  up  and 
hollow  side  down,  and  are  very  carefully 
fitted  together  at  the  joints  and  leveled 
throughout.  The  last  operation  can 
either  be  done  by  a  sight  level  or  by  fol- 
lowing the  simple  method  I  am  now 
about  to  describe. 

Place  %-inch  blocks  at  short  inter- 
vening distances  on  the  length  of  each 
side,  also  one  at  either  end,  and  set  a 
long  parallel  straight-edge  on  them,  also 
set  a  true  level  on  the  upper  jointed  edge 
of  the  straight-edge.  The  sill  must  be 
wedged  up,  or  lowered  down  until  the 
air  bubble  in  the  level  tube  is  exactly 
in  the  center,  and  each  piece  must  also 
be  wedged  up  or  lowered  till  the  blocks 
all  touch  the  bottom  of  the  straight-edge. 
In  all  cases  the  whole  length  of  the  sill 
should   bear    solidly    on    the    stonework, 


and  it  should  either  be  bedded  in  mortar 
or  made  solid  with  chip  pieces  of  slate, 
stone  wedges  or  furring ;,  and  these 
should  be  inserted  less  than  2  ft.  apart. 

Sills  are  generally  kept  back  %  or  1 
in.  from  the  face  of  the  stonework,  to 
make  the  sheathing  come  flush  with  it, 
and  allow  the  water  table  to  project  the 
thickness  of  itself  (usually  1  1-3  to  1  3-8 
in.)  to  keep  the  water  off  the  stone. 

Sills  must  be  taken  out  of  wind,  that 
is  to  say,  they  must  be  level  all  around, 
so  that  when  the  carpenter  sights  them 
across  with  his  eye  (the  other  being 
closed),  the  surfaces  will  show  as  one 
line. 

All  sill  joists  will  require  to  be  toe- 
nailed or  spiked  to  draw  them  closer  to- 
gether, and  the  running  joints  should  be 
nailed  dovetail  fashion.  When  sills  are 
made  up  of  two  thicknesses  of  plank,  as. 
they  sometimes  are,  they  will  need  to  be 
solidly  spiked  together,  to  form  one,  with 
"dovetailed"  nails. 

As  some  of  my  readers  may  not  clear- 
ly understand  what  is  meant  by  "dove- 
tailing" nails,  I  will  here  state  that  a 
carpenter  dovetails  nails  when  he  drives 
two  with  the  points  inclining  to  or  from 
each  other,  so  that  they  form,  as  it  were, 
a  dovetail. 

Setting  First  Floor  Beams.  This  im- 
portant job  is  done  by  experienced  car- 
penters in  the  following  manner: 

The  stairs  and  chimneys  being  con- 
ductors, or  rather  passing  up  from  one 
floor  to  the  next  one  above,  and  having 
timbers  framed  to  form  the  openings,  or, 
as  they  are  technically  called,  "wells," 
the  header  and  trimmer  beams  around 
them  must  be  placed  first.  The  proper 
method  to  follow  then  is,  to  place  and 
nail  one  trimmer  beam  first,  exactly  in 
position  on  the  sill,  and  then  to  insert 
its  fellow  opposite  it,  loose.  When  this 
is  done  the  framed  header  may  have  its 
tenons  placed  in  the  mortises  in  the  pair 
of  trimmers,  and  the  loose  trimmer  made 
parallel  to  the  one  that  is  nailed,  that  is, 
it  must  be  the  same  distance  apart  at 
the  sill  end  as  the  length  of  the  header. 
When  two  headers  are  framed  in,  then 
it  will  only  be  necessary  to  straighten 
the  trimmers  from  end  to  end.  The  trim- 
mers will  likewise  require  to  be  set 
square  to  the  sills.  After  the  headers 
aare  set,  they  and  the  trimmers  should 
be  solidly  spiked  together,  keeping  the 
headers  square  with  the  trimmers. 

The  tail  beams  or  joists  are  next 
olaced,  the  framed  ends,  with  the  tenons. 


Our   Last   General   Convention 

recommended   that    we 

Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising-  of  the  Union  Label  of 
the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
be  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
and  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
that  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 

PLAYING  CARDS 

(Illustration  below) 


We  want  to  get  the 
advertising  of  our 
Label  in  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  homes, 
as  well  as  clubs,  etc. 
It  is  an  indisputable 
fact  that  a  depend- 
able grade  of  play- 
ing cards  with  "ad" 
on  back,  carries  the 
message  of  PUB- 
LICITY —  not  for  a 
day — but  IMPRES- 
SIVELY and  for  in- 
definite period. 
With  our  four  hun- 
dred thousand  mem- 
bers to  use  and  dis- 
tribute the  adver- 
tisement that  these 
cards  carry,  wonder- 
ful results  will  be 
achieved. 

You  won't  have  to 
apologize  for  the 
quality  of  the  Broth- 
erhood playing 
cards. 


iAND /JOINERS  OF  AMERICA^ 


V3IU3WVWSH3NI0P  QNV" 


The  cards  will  b*> 
furnished  in  either 
(or  both)  regular 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  are 
urged  to  carry  a 
supply  of  cards  on 
hand  to  meet  de- 
mands at  all  times. 

We  hope  our  entire 
membership  will  in- 
terest themselves  in 
seeing  that  their 
friends  use  Brother- 
hood cards. 

There  is  but  a  small 
percentage  of  people 
who  don't  use  play- 
ing cards  for  inno- 
cent amusement, 
hence  the  opportun- 
ity is  big  for  adver- 
tising our  Label 
through  this  me- 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

and  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing  a  grade  of  cards 
fully  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  the 
cards  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders,  accompanied  by  remittance,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary, 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 


50 


THE     C  A  R  P  E  X  T  E  R 


being  slipped  into  the  mortises  in  the 
header,  and  there  solidly  spiked  to  keep 
them  in  place. 

This  practice  of  first  placing  all  rrini- 
mer  and  header  beams  for  stairs,  chim- 
neys, hearths,  or  other  openings  which 
are  framed  around,  should  always  be  ad- 
hered to.  because  the  openings  are  then 
sure  to  be  in  their  proper  position  as 
denoted  on  the  first  floor  plan. 

Having  these  set,  the  remaining  single 
joists  are  carried  in  and  placed  on  the 
sills,  sparing  them  out  at  12  or  16  In. 
between  centers,  as  called  for.  The 
quickest  way  to  space  them  is  either  to 
use  a  two-foot  rule  and  (when  2  in. 
joists  are  inserted)  to  allow  10  in.  be- 
tween for  12  in.  centers,  and  14  in.  be- 
tween for  16  in.  centers. 

The  student  will.  I  trust,  understand 
that  when  2  in.  more  is  addded  on.  that 
is.  1  in.  on  each  side,  the  centers  of  the 
timbers  will  be  just  12  or  16  in.,  as  the 
case  may  be.  When  all  the  floor  tim- 
bers are  in  and  toenailed  to  the  sills,  a 
strip  is  nailed  across  th  etop  edge  to  keep 
them  from  being  overturned.  This  strip 
should  be  kept  back  at  least  12  in.  from 
the  end.  in  order  that  it  may  not  inter- 
fere with  the  wall  posts  or  studding 
when  raising. 

A  temporary  floor  must  now  be  laid 
on  the  beams,  by  placing  sheathing 
board  across  them,  and  they  should  be 
so  placed  that  there  may  be  no  traps  in 
the  floor.  By  traps,  is  meant  the  ends  of 
the  boards  which  project  over  one  beam 
and  do  not  rest  on  the  next,  so  that  when 
a  man  stands  on  the  end  it  is  a  trap 
which,  being  pressed  downwards  by  his 
weight,  lets  him  fall  between  the  beams. 
In  every  case  the  end  of  each  board 
should  rest  on  a  joist  or  beam  to  prevent 
this  occurring.  Fig.  18  represents  a  sec- 
tion of  a  balloon  frame  floor  with  the 
bridging,  which  is  put  in  for  the  purpose 
of  bracing  the  floor,  in  position,  also  the 
lath  and  flooring. 

Carpenters  should  take  care  not  to 
have  a  straight  joint  come  over  a  cellar 
window,  as  there  is  always  the  liability 
of  its  coming  apart,  or  sagging  down 
under  the  weight  of  the  studding  above. 
All  sills  will  invariably  require  to  be 
placed  rounding  edge  up. 

Sills  of  hexagonal  or  octagonal  plan 
are  to  be  laid  down  according  to  the 
plan  on  the  template  made  for  the  cellar 
wall  and  be  halved  at  the  corners. 

Posts  and  Studding.  Some  carpenters 
and  builders  form  their  corner  posts  in 


balloon  frames  of  two  2x4  joists  spiked 
together  to  make  4x4  sticks,  as  it  were. 

Some  use  4x1  scantling,  and  others  make 
them  of  one  stick  of  4x6.  The  posts  and 
studding  can  be  laid  out  from  one  pat- 
tern, which  should  be  first  framed  just 
as  the  studs  and  posts  will  be.     This  can 


Isometric  View  of  a  Balloon  Frame 
Floor. 

either  be  made  out  of  a  piece  r-'f  "s  in. 
pine  or  a  2x4  stud,  and  it  must  be  laid 
out  for  the  gain  for  the  girt  strip  or 
ribbon  and  squared  at  the  top  and  bot- 
tom ends.  The  pattern  should  be  per- 
fectly straight  on  edge  and  be  without 
wind. 

"When  a  good  pattern  Is  made  the 
posts  are  first  placed  on  the  saw  horses 
and  laid  out.  The  ends  are  also  sawed 
off  square  and  the  gain  is  sawed  and 
chiseled  out  for  the  strip.  Next  the  wall 
studs  are  placed  on  their  edges  on  the 
saw  horses  in  quantities  of  6.  S  or  10  at 
a  time  and  the  edges  squared  over  from 
the  pattern.  Careful  carpenters  use  two 
patterns,  placing  one  each  side  of  a  num- 
ber of  joists,  when  laid  on  the  horses, 
and  then  squared  across  from  end  to  end, 
or  from  gain  to  gain,  thus  making  sure 
that  they  will  be  exactly  right.  Studding 
should  be  laid  out  on  the  rounding  edge, 
so  that  the  hollow  edge  will  come  on  the 
outside  or  face  of  the  wall.  When  the 
edges  are  marked  the  faces  are  squared 
over.  Some  prefer  to  lay  the  pattern 
on  each  piece  singly,  and  mark  the  face 
of  stud  at  once,  thus  avoiding  the  neces- 


THE     CARPENTER 


51 


sity  of  squaring  over  the  edge.  This 
practice  undoubtedly  saves  time,  but  the 
sawing  must  be  done  by  good  workmen 
or  the  joints  won't  be  square.  The  rea- 
son I  say  this  is,  that  though  it.  may 
seem  very  easy  to  saw  a  piece  of  stuff,  2 
in.  thick,  square,  without  a  guide  line, 
I  find  few  who  can  do  it  exactly.  The 
ribbon  or  girt  strip  is  a  strip  of  1x6 
stuff;  so  the  gain  or  notchmust  measure 
this  size. 


or    walked    upon    thus    preventing    the 

jarring  or  straining  of  the  green  walls. 

It  is  an  error  to  leave  out  cross  beams 
or  series  of  beams  to  admit  hod-hoisters, 
etc.,  to  pass  up  and  down,  as  such  omis- 
sions leave  weak,  unbraced  sections 
liable  to  spring,  jar  or  strain  by  wind 
pressure  or  other  causes. 

All  straps,  irons  and  ties,  and  anchors 
should  be  put  in  as  soon  as  the  timbers 
are  placed,  and  be  very  carefully   fitted 


Floor  Plan  of  First  Story  Timbers  of  a  Small  Frame  House. 


— Setting  Timbers — ■ 
A  very  important  precaution  which 
carpenters  and  framers  should  observe 
when  raising  and  placing  girders  and 
floor  beams  on  new  buildings,  is  to  avoid 
jarring  the  freshly  laid  green  brick  walls 
by  moving  and  setting  the  timbers  too 
roughly.  This  must  be  very  cautiously 
done  on  the  upper  stories  and  the  walls 
ought  to  be  securely  braced  with  each 
and  every  wood  or  iron  column,  both 
transversely  and  longitudinally  before 
commencing  to  set  the  floor  timbers.  In 
heavy  store  and  warehouse  constructions 
either  of  brick,  iron  or  concrete,  these 
temporary  adjuncts  are  indispensable. 

When  there  is  a  wide  unsupported  tim- 
ber span,  say  of  20  ft.  or  more,  a  tem- 
porary top  and  bottom  plate  with  a  few 
good  upright  joists  or  studs  should  be 
placed  longitudinally  or  fore  and  aft 
under  the  middle  of  the  span  in  order  to 
prevent  their  springing  when   weighted 


and  thopoughly  nailed  in  order  to  avoid 
the  possibility  of  a  high  wind  or  any 
other  strain  pulling  them  apart.  If  the 
anchors  should  not  be  on  the  job  then 
temporary  hardwood  straps  may  be 
nailed  on,  but  they  are  only  a  makeshift 
and  their  use  should  be  avoided  by  or- 
dering the  irons  early.  To  omit  putting 
the  strap  anchors  on  the  longitudinal 
girders  is  a  criminal  proceeding,  especial- 
ly on  a  high  building  or  when  the  girders 
have  a  square  butt  joint.  I  can't  say  too 
much  to  carpenters  about  taking  the 
greatest  care  in  the  details  of  their  heavy 
framing,  so  as  to  avoid  all  danger  of 
collapses  or  accidents,  which  are  full  of 
menace  to  the  lives  of  mechanics  and 
mean  loss  of  reputation  and  money  to 
all  interested. 

Let  us  here,  in  connection  with  raising 
heavy  timbers,  impress  on  every  carpen- 
ter the  importance  of  being  familiar  with 
the  proper  knots  for  trying  and  fasten- 


THE     CARPENTER 


ing  his  ropes  to  the  timbers  when  lifting 
them  up.  As  I  have  seen  in  many  jour- 
nals some  knots  which,  to  my  mind,  are 


not  reliable  unless;  made  by  a  sailor,  rig- 
ger,  or  some  one  thoroughly  accustomed 
to  ropes,  I  would  recommend  carpenters 

fti&At. 


^x6 

Corner  JPost?* 


Plan   Showing   the  Framing  for  a   Bay   "Window   by    Projecting  the   Floor   Beams 

Outside  the  Building. 


to  stick  to  the  simple  timber  hitch, 
which  is  made  by  passing  the  rope  once 
around  the  timber,  taking  one  turn  or 
hitch  over  the  hanging  line  and  twisting 


8  knot  shown  is  the  simplest  and  quick- 
est made. 

Wall  plates  are  usually  joined  and 
fastened  at  all  inside  and  outside  angles 
and  corners  by  overlapping  or  crossing 
each    other    their    full    width    and    well 


The  Timber  Hitch. 


it  tight  to  fit  closely  to  the  timber  as 
seen  in  the  attached  sketch.  If  it  be 
necessary  to  lengthen  any  rope  the  figure 


A  Square  Knot, 
nailed    through,    also    when    there    is    a 
long,   straight  stretch  of  wall    the  cross 
joints  should  be  kept  far  apart  to  obtain 
extra  strength. 

The   4    or   6   in.    bottom   side   of   wall 
plates  are  laid  out  or  spaced  for  each  and 


T  IT  K     C  A  11  P  K  XTER 


53 


vertical  joist  or  stud  to  stand  straight 
and  plumb  over  and  correspond  with  the 
sill  or  under  timber.  Although  some 
carpenters  prefer  to  lay  out  plates  after 
they  are  raised.  When  gables  return  on 
the  ends  some  prefer  to  carry  the  plates 
across    them,    which    may    be    done    for 


A  Fuure  R»ft«r.    -gdgESES-61 

A  Pattern  Rafter. 

economy  and  safety  in  raising  the  rafters 
and  they  hold  the  side  walls  together. 

Readers  will  comprehend  what  is 
meant  by  a  projecting  story,  and  will 
see  that  it  is  the  pushing  out  of  the 
front  of  the  second  story  beyond  the 
front  of   the   first  story   below;   also  by 


made  tliem  (3  in.,  while  the  bases  being 
%  in.  thick  will  be  7%  in-  Out  butress 
is  3 Mj  i"->  that  being  the  most  common 
width  of  butress,  as  in  Fig.  7.  Hence 
the  string  sets  2%  in.  from  face  of  base 
and  1  y±  in.  from  face  of  newel.  That 
will  locate  our  post. 

The  steps  are  laid  off  to  suit  Fig.  3, 
but  steps  7,  8  and  9  in  Fig.  2  and  12, 
(which  is  a  reproduction  of  Fig.  2),  will 
be  the  same.  Now  cheek  up  the  steps 
and  other  details  and  see  if  they  equal 
the  full  length  of  the  well  hole.  I  have 
only  shown  the  checking  one  way,  but 
all  dimensions  should  be  checked.  We 
next  check  our  rise  Avith  the  height  and 
if   all   is    well,    we   next    make   a    pitch 


Laying  out  Beams  or  Rafters  With  the 
Steel  Square. 

setting  out  the  third  story  or  gable  be- 
yond the  second  story,  thus  getting  a 
very  effective  front.  This  construction 
should  be  done  carefully  and  with  a  close 
attention  to  the  strains  which  will  be 
permanently  placed  upon  the  timbers,  so 
that  there  may  be  no  overstraining  of 
the  timbers. 

Plan   Showing  the   Framing  for  a   Bay 

Window  By  Propecting  the  Floor 

Beams  Outside  the  Studding. 


Continuation  of  Criticism  of  Stairbuild= 

ing  Problems  by  R.  Van  Gaasbeek, 

of  the  Pratt  Institute 

(By  L.  W.  Cooper.) 
We  did  enough  criticizing  for  a  little 
while  in  the  previous  installment,  let  us 
now  take  the  full  length  of  our  stairwell 
and  put  it  on  a  rod,  as  in  Fig.  5.  On 
each  end  mark  off  1%  in.,  which  brings 
to  the  inside  face  of  string.  Our  steps 
cut  3  ft.  2  in.  and  as  %  in.  on  each  end 

/ 

/ 


board,  and  put  on  it  the  name  of  the 
job  and  the  address,  and  keep  it  till  the 
job  is  finished.  I  show  a  pitchboard  in 
Fig.  6.  It  should  be  about  %  in.  wider 
than  the  rise  and  run  require  so  that  the 


■eagESE3-6i 


/^cgr .  % 


4.^a 


j/  4 


//_£_ 


// 


ends  can  be  clipped  square  with  the 
hypotenuse.  All  edges  and  ends  should 
be  square  and  the  little  square  on  both 
ends  should  be  equal  width. 

Fig.  8  shows  a  side  and  sectional  view 
of  a  templet,  the  same  being  in  place  at 

'  y  " 


"f. 


»f\ 


f  /    I 


-*\ 


liX 


Cut Stejosj'-Z" 


F*9 

goes  into  the  housing,  it  leaves  our 
strings  3  ft.  1  in.  in  the  clear.  The 
shaft  of  newel  is  usually  made  5%  in., 
but  for   convenience   of   scaling   I   have 


the  8th  step,  Fig.  9,  as  is  also  the  pitch 
board.  I  show  the  templet  with  two 
margins,  one  for  the  wall  and  the  other 
for  the  butress  string.     Some  house  them 


54 


THE     CARPENTER 


both  the  same  and  rip  off  1  in.  from  the 
butress  string.  The  latter  is  more 
economical  as  yon  then  Lave  a  1  in. 
strip  left  instead  of  nothing:. 

Now  take  a  piece  1*4  in.  by  10,  sur- 
face one  side  and  one  edge  and  start 
with  the  7th  rise  and  lay  off  the  Sth,  9th 
and  10th  steps  and  risers.  Lap  the 
templet  over  straight  edge  of  string  and 
hold  pitch  board  to  it,  marking  the  stei 


and  rise  and  at  the  square  end  of  pitch 
board  with  a  sharp  pencil.  By  marking 
to  the  square  end  of  pitch  board  you  are 
more  accurate  than  by  letting  the  end 
of  pitch  board  run  to  a  sharp  point. 
Now,  after  housing  it,  take  the  steel 
square  and  mark  the  cut  at  the  7th  and 
10th  riser,  where  face  of  riser  intersects 
the  under  side  of  step,  as  shown  by 
hypotenuse  of  pitch  board.  Now,  take 
two  other  pieces  of  string  stock.  They 
usually  use  12  in.,  but  as  we  have  a  low 
rise.  10  in.  will  make  thenu  As  we 
have  an  equal  margin  over  the  6th  and 
7th  rise,  we  need  only  draw  a  line  at 
equal  depth  to  where  face  of  rise  inter- 
sects top  of  step  on  common  string,  hold 
the  square  at  17  3-16  in.  by  the  rise  on 
said  line,  and  mark  the  6th  step  and 
7th  rise  and  without  moving  square, 
turn  the  step  side  of  pitch  board  to  the 
square  and  the  rise  side  toward  the  5th 
step  at  the  6th  rise  and  hold  firm  with 
one  hand  and  move  square  around  with 


of  pitch  board  and  lay   the   strings    I 
_   ther  in  place,  lav  a  light  straight  •     g 
in    line    with    the    Gth    and    10th    si 
Measure  down  to  The  7th  and  up  t"  tn 
10th.  if  both  meas  its  are  con 

or  equal  to  three  risers,  all  is  well. 

Drive  a  pinch  dog  in  at  the  nosini 
the  b  ash  _  to  draw  them  together. 
a  couple  of  brads  below  step  line  so  t 
will  not  slip.     Turn  over  and  glue 
nail  a  %  in.  piece  of  board  about  a  f 
or  so  long  over  joint  to  hold  same  to- 
gether.      Do     not     put     them     togeth 
though,    till    all    the    strings    are    gotten 
out.     The  lower  end  needs  a  piece  gluel 
on  to  level  it  up  so  the  base  mold  wfl 
intersect    while    the    piece    which    euts 
against  it  must  be  cut  level  at  the  sam 
height  above  the   step   as    also    the   top 
string  is  cut  to  suit  the  piece  glued  on 
to    the     string    above,     which    it     cuts 
against. 

It  may  be  that  the  strings  have  to  be 
molded,  if  so,  they  must  be  all  built  up 
and  cut  and  fitted  before  they  go  to  the 
shaper.  Sometimes  these  places  are 
eased  instead  of  intersected,  and  some- 
times we  have  to  use  13-16  in.  stock 
against  a  plastered  walL  la  that  - 
we  glue  on  above  and  below  till  we  get 
the  required  width  and  angles,  etc.  A 
few  more  remarks  about  strings  "will  be 
necessary  when  we  treat  with  the  first 
step,  shown  in  Figs.  3  and  4. 

We  will  now  get  out  and  cut  our  but- 
ress  strings  to  suit  the  posts.  The 
strings  are  housed  onto  the  posts  %  in. 
We  need  to  have  a  full  size  detail  of  both 
set  of  winders.  They  can  be  put  on  one 
sheet  with  two  colors  of  pencil.  We 
can  mark  up  our  -working  plan  as  in  Fig. 


the  other,  in  position  to  square  off  from 
pitch  board  and  mark  the  Sth  step  and 
6th  rise. 

Now,  start  at  the  10th  step  and  lay 
out  the  10th  and  11th  steps  and  risers. 
The  other  strings  will  be  laid  out  in  a 
similar  manner.  House  these  out  and 
hold  the  pitch  board  at  step  line.  - 
shown,  cut  both  strings  on  hypotenuse 


12  and  check  up  and  see  if  the  total  of 
figures  equals  the  size  of  well  hole. 
Make  two  brackets  similar  to  Fig.  11. 
The  notch  equal  the  projection  of  nosing. 
They  should  have  two  spurs  in.  Set  the 
thin  edge  to  riser  line.  First  cut  out 
the  regular  steps  and  risers  which  are  3 
ft,  2  in. :  3  ft.  2  in.  will  not  cut  out  even, 
so  don't  cut  off  a  short  chunk  and  throw 


THE    CARPENTER 


it  away,  leave  the  last  length  with  it  and 
save  it  for  the  winders,  both  steps  and 
risers. 

After  the  required  number  of  steps, 
risers  and  remnants  are  obtained  surface 
and  rip  the  risers  to  width,  surface,  nose, 
and  rip,  the  steps.  y,y  the  way,  we  have 
to  buy  14  in.  stock  to  get  these  steps 
out  of.  There  will  be  a  nice  little  rip- 
ping off  of  them,   but   put   the  rippings 


Ftcj.tO 

away  and  I'll  tell  you  what  to  do  with 
them  later.  Surface  and  joint  both  edges 
of  the  remnants,  which  we  are  going 
to  use  for  winders.  You  set  the  brackets 
shown  in  Fig.  11  in  front  of  the  4th 
rise.  The  dotted  lines  in  Fig.  12  indi- 
cate the  required  length  needed.  Set  the 
stock  firmly  against  said  brackets  and 
take  a  light  straight-edge  and  mark  the 
back  of  the  4th  step,  leaving  a  bit  of 
surplus  for  retriming.  Cut  off  and  re- 
verse the  piece  you  cut  off  and  you  will 
still  need  a  little  block  to  fill  out  the 
corner  in  this  step  only,  but  you  will 
have  plenty  of  other  corners  that  will 
supply. 

Number  both  pieces  on  the  under  side 
and  lay  both  together  (after  they  are 
cut j,  close  by  the  vise  where  you  intend 
to  joint  and  glue  them,  and  proceed  with 
the  rest  of  the  winders,  reversing  the 
piece  you  have  left  each  time  and  using 
it  to  fill  out  the  balance  of  winders.  If 
you  have  to  cut  them  by  hand  you  can 
make  the  cut  accurate  enough  that  you 


only  need  joint  then  up  with  a  plane 
after  they  are  glued  up,  and  only  retrim 
the  end.  After  you  get  them  all  cut  and 
numbered  start  and  joint  them  all  up 
i*eady  to  glue,  as  you  piled  them  all  up 


"Full  Length  Roof  Framer" 

Is  c.  book  to  save  the  time  and  brains  of  the  ex- 
perts an. I  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  un- 
I  :  |i   i  li  need. 

It  is  a  book  containing  230.400  different  sized  and 
pitched  roofs.  Each  roof  Is  worked  out  complete,  with 
the  length  of  every  rafter  in  feet  and  inches  and  thilr 
bevel/)  for   the  steel  square. 

If  your  roof  is  pitched  It  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
what  size  or  pitch. 

You  can  call  off  the  lengths  and  bevels  for  every 
rafter,  for  any  pitched  roof  as  fast  as  the  size  of 
building  is  given. 

Experience  or  study  unnecessary. 

We  will  prove  these  remarkable  statements  to  any 
ambitious  carpenter. 

Send  no  money  until  you  receive  the  book.  If  at 
any  time  you  wish  to  return  book,  your  money  will  be 
returned  immediately. 

Three  years  advertising  in  this  magazine  without  a 
•ingle  complaint  is  our  recommendation.     Price  $1.25. 

A.  Riechers,  Publisher 

Palo  Alto,  California 


For  Stair  and  Angle  work,  Phare's  Hex.  Square  Guides. 

65c  a  pair;  Recommended   by  Craft   expert  Ero.   Stod- 
dard.    Also   Phare's  ftnMi- 
cr-  weight     Bit     Gage.     25c. 
85     cents     will      I  ring     y    : 

both      tools,      same     m  '  •.   f/iyJK— "Wm  ■"■'  ■■•»;~j  )  )ij; 
postpaid.      Monty  ordi  r.    1'.    |jg£/    46-E2C* 
S.   post   stamps,    or  coin. 

BEACON  MFG.  CO.,  Station  B,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

Canada:  Moses  Klw.,  492  Yonge  St.,  Toronto,  Ont.    Add  Customs 


THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRIEND 

f  '  IT 

*'   ■^_yc^r_,.; 

Woodstock  and  lumber  is  high.  With  our  Jointer 
Heads  you  can  buy  rough  lumber  of  any  kind  and 
dress  it  to  suit  the  job.  Saves  time,  money  and 
lumber.      Would    this    be    any   object    to   you  ?     If   so, 

set   our   circular  prices.      Sold  on   30   day   trial. 

Whisler  Mfg.  Co.  Gibson,  Iowa 


"T"    PLUMB    AND 
LEVEL 

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aluminum.  Can  be  easi- 
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straight  edge.  Simple  to 
adjust.  Guaranteed  ac- 
curate. Size  3Jx21  in. 
Price  $1.00   Delivered. 

PIN    MANUFACTURING 

CO. 
Box    1073,    Detroit.    Mich. 


Enjoy  your  1922  "Ranger" 

Bt  ODce.  Earn  money  for  the 
small  monthly  payments  on  Our  Easy  Pay- 
ment Plan.  Parents  often  advance  first 
email  payment  to  help  their  boys  along. 
FACTORY  TO  RIDER  wholesale  prices. 
Three  bie  model  factories.  44  Styles,  col- 
ors and  Blzea  in  oor  famon9  Ranzer  line.— _ 
DELIVERED  FREE,  express  prepaid,  FOR 
30  DAYS  TRIAL.  Select  bicycle  and  terms 
that  suit— cash  or  easy  payments. 

T:„--  lamps,  horns, wheels,  parts  end 
irC  5  equipment,  at  half  retail  prices. 
SEND  NO  MONEY  —  Simply  write  today  for  bl« 
FREE  Ranger  Catalog  ana  marvelous  prices  and  terma.  I 

"  Cycte  Company  gjg*t» 

°*P'  H121  ShicagOBJOe'AsentsJ 

just  as  they  belonged,  you  repile  them 
in  another  convenient  place  as  you  joint 
them  for  glueing.  All  being  ready,  in- 
cluding the  glue,  put  your  face  piece  in 
the  vice  (which  should  be  such  that  it 
does  not  spring  your  step),  and  hold  the 
two  faces  together  so  that  you  can  coat 
both   pieces   with   a   good   hot  glue.       (I 


56 


THE     CARPENTER 


don't  recognize  anything  else  as  glue.) 
And  rub  well  together,  using  plenty  of 

"elbow  grease."  then  release  and  set 
carefully  on  edge  against  the  side  of 
shop,  as  near  vertical  as  possible  and  rub 


landing  for  the  flight.     I  snow  a  section 
of  a  landing  in  Fig.  10. 

We  will  leave  the  post  for  the  third 
installment.  Kindly  keep  this  volume 
till   the   nest   installment   appears,   as   I 


-S^EBS-61 


F*y 


./I 


the  rest  together  in  similar  manner.  You 
can  dispose  with  a  bunch  of  them  that 
vray  before  your  glue  pot  has  time  to 
chill. 

In  a  s:air  shop  vre  are  generally  able 
to  select  stock  remnants  that  will  make 
our  winders  without  much  waste,  but  a 
short  piece  off  the  end  canbe  used  for 
various  purposes.  I  leave  it  to  you  and 
Mr.  Tan  Gaasbeek  if  this  method  used 
by  men  of  the  craft  is  not  more  simple, 
accurate,  and  economical  than  the  one 
submitted  on  page  50  of  the  September 
issue.  After  the  glue  has  set.  scrape  off 
the  surplus  glue,  nose  them,  and  put 
them  on  the  detail  again  and  mark  them 
off  definitely,  and  also  put  on  pencil 
marks  where  they  enter  the  post,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  man  who  puts  them  up  at 
the  building.  I  told  you  to  number  them 
on  the  under  side.  He  will  look  for 
said  number  when  picking  them  out. 

Now  clean  them  up  and  take  a  gauge 
and  chisel  and  fit  them  10  the  strings. 
The  4th  and  11th  steps  should  fit  as  they 
are.  but  the  rest  will  have  to  be  housed 
forward  a  bit.  owing  to  the  step  hitting 
the  string  on  the  angle.  At  the  6th  and 
12th  riser  both  the  step  and  rL<er  will 
have  to  be  cut  under.     You  will  need  one 


<5 

ttetgAt  ?~§!i 

/© 

will  doubtless  refer  again  to  these  illus- 
trations. 


"Butt  In"  On  the  McGrath  Triangle 

Brother  McGrath's  problem  visualized. 

The  writer  in  presenting  his  simple  so- 
lution of  this  problem  has  in  mind  that 
thousands  of  our  Brothers  cannot  under- 
stand the  dead  language  so  largely  used 
in  solving  this  problem  in  the  November- 
Carpenter,  and  in  order  that  they  may 
have  a  look  in  on  this  important  subject; 


p  — ■                 _ 

N 1 

B        / 

N.       A 

&/ 

T-A 

^ 

s       B 

A       \^ 

%.HLV.tq 

we  say  important,  in  estimating  the 
quantity  of  flooring  required  for  irregu- 
lar shaped  rooms,  the  amount  of  sheath- 
ing for  a  cut  up  Roof,  for  Gables,  etc. 
You  need  not  dig  up  any  square  roots  to 
solve  the  problem,  just  take  your  old 
square  and  a  piece  of  board  and  lay 
down    your    proposition,    divide    triangle 


THE     CARPENTER 


57 


\"  on  base  line  as  at  "C",  square  up  to 

ighth    of    triangle    point    "E",    repeat 

th    triangle    "A"    squaring    up    from 

int    "D",    then    a    parallel   line    drawn 

th  base  line  joining  B  and  A  as  at  "E" 

d  you  have  it  in  shape  for  finding  the 

mber  of  square  feet. 

Be  sure   to   divide  base  line  of  each 

angle  in  center  as  at  C.  and  D. 

To  prove  this,  cut  off  triangular  points 

and  B  at  lines  O  and  D  and  transfer 

m  to  point  E  as  shown  bounded  by 
dash  lines,  then  you  have  it  thrown 
o  a  right  angled  body.  If  we  should 
ar  that  the  General  Secretary  was 
ring  his  waste  basket  out  for  repairs, 

will  likely  go  into  this  subject  again. 
Fraternally  Yours, 
ROWLAND   HILL. 
U.  No.  29.  Cincinnati,  O. 


What  Is  the  Strength? 

The  strength  of  timber  is  often  asked 
m  a   carpenter  required   in   buildings 
support  certain  weights.     What  is  the 
ength  of  a  spruce  girder  8  in.  square, 
tn  between  supports  15  ft?     The  same 
iber  placed  in  position  to  support: 
STirst:  A  dead  load. 
Second :    A  live  load. 
Third :    A  distributed  load. 
iVhat  is  the  factor  of  safety  for  each 
these  three? 


3rother  Marker  would  also  like  to 
>w  when  four  men  use  a  grindstone, 
h  wearing  an  equal  amount  off,  the 
ne  at  start  being  60  in.,  at  finish  6  in. 
iiameter. 

Question :  What  was  the  amount  each 
q  wore  off  in  diameter,  the  first  start- 
at  60  in.  and  wearing  his  amount  off, 
owed  by  No.  2,  then  third,  and  lastly, 
rth  man. 

BERNARD   MARKER. 
U.  No.  894.  N.  Cobalt,  Out.,  Can. 


enty=One  Reasons  Why  a  Man  Should 
Belong  To  a  Labor  Union 

..    Because  it   tends   to   raise   wages. 
s  is  proven  by  all  sorts  of  evidence, 
i.    Because  it  prevents  a  reduction  in 
?es;  reductions  rarely  come  to  well- 
anized  labor. 

;.  Because  it  aids  in  getting  shorter 
rs.  Ask  the  union  men  who  are 
•king  eight  hours ;  they  can  prove  it. 
T  can  show  a  union  card  also. 

Because  in  union  there  is  strength. 
'  s  is  as  true  of  wage  earners  as  of 
;es. 


5.  Because  it  makes  labor  respected. 
Power  wins  respect  from  employers  as 
from  all  men. 

6.  Because  it  gives  men  self-reliance. 

7.  Because  it  develops  fraternity. 
Craftsmen  are  all  too  jealous  of  and 
suspicious  of  one  another  even  at  best. 

8.  Because  it  is  a  good  investment. 
No  other  investment  gives  back  so  large 
a  return  for  expenditure  of  time  and 
money. 

9.  Because  it  makes  thinkers.  Men 
need  to  rub  intellects  together  in  matters 
of  common  concern. 

10.  Because  it  enlarges  acquaint- 
ances. The  world  is  too  restricted  for 
wage  earners. 

11.  Because  it  teaches  co-operation. 
When  laborers  co-operate  they  will  own 
the  earth. 

12.  Because  it  curbs  selfishness ;  the 
grab-all  is  toned  down  by  the  fear  of 
the  opinion  of  his  fellows. 

13.  Because  it  makes  the  job  better 
place  to  work.  The  bully  foreman  can't 
bully  the  union  card. 

14.  Because  it  helps  the  family  ;  more 
money  comforts,  and  a  better  opportuni- 
ty to  improve  your  social  conditions. 

15.  Because  it  helps  the  state.  Un- 
organized and  discontented  labor  is  the 
parent  of  the  mob.  The  trade  unions 
stand  as  a  rock  between  the  government 
and  anarchy. 

16.  Because  it  is  universal.  The 
trade  union  is  coexistent  with  civiliza- 
tion. 

19.  Because  it  pays  death  benefits  of 
$100  and  upwards. 

20.  Because  it  stands  for  concilia- 
tion of  all  differences  between  employer 
and  employe. 

21.  Because  a  union  man's  card  is 
treated  with  respect  and  consideration 
by  all  union  men,  and  the  bearer  of  a 
card  is  never  without  friends,  and  can 
always  get  assistance  if  in  needy  cir- 
cumstances.— Houston    Labor    Journal. 


Life 

A  little  sun,  a  little  rain, 
A  little  loss,  a  little  gain, 
A  little  joy,  a  little  strife 

And  this  is  life. 
A  little  work,  a  little  play, 
Some  kind  deed  done  each  passing  day. 
A  few  good-byes,  a  setting  sun — 
And  life  is  done. 


The  Union  Label  signifies  merit  in  an 
article  to  which  it  is  attached,  as  it  guar- 
antees good,  clean  workmanship,  as  well 
as  sanitary  conditions  and  fair  treatment 
by  employers. 


OLD  itENTUCK^ 

HOMESPUN  TOBACCO 

I  Craatti  of  the  Kriest  Crops  Direct  to  Tfeii 


RIPE,RiCH,OLD-FASHIONLEAFSSS« 

OLD  KENTUCKY  HOMESPUN  is  no  more  like  the  manufactured  tobacco  than  day  is  like 

night — free  from  chemicals  and  all  other  adulterations  that  undermine  the  health,  that  i 

conceal  imperfections  and  delude  the  sense  of  taste.  Grown  and  nurtured  in  Kentucky's  j 

finest  soil,  cut  at  the  proper  time,  carefully  selected,  aged  and  mellowed  for  chewing 

and  smoking.   Like  old  wine  in  the  cellar,  its  rich,  rare  fragrance  permeates  the  air.  | 

Cured  and  "sweated"  by  the  same  method  as  employed  in  the  early  days,  the  method, 

our  grandfathers  used  in  preparing  tobacco  for  their  own  use— every  ftrace  of  harsh- 

i  ness  leaves  it— nothing  rco  "bite"  your  tongue  or  parch  your  mouth;  nothing  to  tirei 

your  taste.  No  fancy  packages,  no  decorations— just  QUALITY  and  lots  of  it.  Through- 1 

out  the  country— Norths  East,  South  and  West,  men  have  tested  this  fine  old  tobacco, 

and  spread  the  newa  of  its  inimitable  quality.  Grown  right  here 

in  the  greatest  tobacco  producing  district  in  the  world.  We  bank  on  it  you 
have  never  tasted  a  (mcr  flavored,  mora  satisfying  tobacco  ia  all  your 

life.  Givetheold"cob"atreat— "lcad'er"uptothebrim.  Cuto 

a"hunk"as  big  as  your  fist  end  slip  it  between  your  teeth.  Smoke  ( 

chew  it  will  give  yoa  the  keenest  joy  since  the  days  of  Old  Bourbon. 

"I  have  used  the  bei:  rbseco  they  have  in  Canada,  Eng- 
land and  Ireland,  but  have  ^cvcr tasted  any  as  good  as  your  Old 
Kentucky  Homespun." — J.  P.  O'Connor,  Gold  Beach,  Oregon. 

"I  am  a  retired  physician,  82  years  old.  Eaveused  tobacco 
ever  since  I  can  remember.  I  chew  but  do  not  smoke.  None 
gives  me  such  satisfaction  as  Old  Kentucky  Homespun  Leaf 
Tobacco.  It  is  not  only  the  most  pleasant  and  agreeable  but 
goes  farther  than  any  other  kind  and  produces  no  ill  effects." 
— S.  S.  Sutton,  Kirby,  Ark. 

"Your  tobacco  is  everything  a  person  can  desire.     Even 
wife  enjoys  its  p!easant;aroma   in  the   house."— A.  C.  Evering, 
Grand  Center,  la. 

"The  tobacco  came  in'good  shape  and  I  like  it  fine.  Have  been  imp 
apon  long  enough  by  the  makers  of  high  priced,  doped  up  trash  called  to- 


the 


SB 


as  IVloonlight- 


bacco."— C.  L.  Gate3,  Morri3ville,  Vt. 


We  Pa  j 
All  Charges 


IACC0  BILL  75% 


V/e  are  growers  of  tobacco  and  seii  none  but  our  own  crops,  therefore  exempt  from  all  revenue 
tax.  We  pool  our  crops,  placing  them  in  our  warehouses  and  share  equally  all  the  expenses  of 
conducting  our  business.thus  our  expenses  are  reduced  to  a  minimum.  This  co-operative  mar- 
keting plan  eliminates  all  middlemen;  you  deal  directly  with  the  growers,  thereby  effecting  i 
saving  to  you  of  75  per  cent  or  more. 

Rosea  Read  These  Money  Saving  Prices.  We  Pay  Postage 

S  Pounds,  $2.98  10  Pounds,  $5.85  20  Pounds,  $  1 1 .40 

pounds  of  our  tobacco  will  make  SS  sacks  of  smoking,  or  65  chewing  or  smoking  twists. 

R3HjK£gB»  With  each  order  we  include  complete  instructions  (profusely  < 
MS^F  illustrated)  showing  how  we  Kentuckians  make  the  old- 
fashion  chewing  and  smoking  twist,  granulated,  smoking.etc. 
Which  do  you  prefer?  The  high-priced  manufactured  tobacco  that  has  been  adul- 
terated, sweetened,  chemically  treated,  or  otherwise  "doped"  in  order  to  minimize  the  amount  oJ 
real  tobacco  used,  or  do  you  want  the  OLD-FASHION  KENTUCKY  HOMESPUN  that  brings  to 
you  the  cream  of  Kentucky's  famous  harvest  in  all  its  goodness. 

Pay  only  the  price  above  when  tobacco  arrives.  TRY  THE  TOBACCO 

BO  DAYS  and  if  it  doesn't  please  you — if  it  doesn't  suit  your  taste — ii 
It  doesn't  save  you  money — back  it  comca  and  every  cent  of  your  money  will  be 
returned  without  quibble  or  question.  You  Risk  Nothing.  Sign  end  mail  the 
coupon  today  and  enjoy  the  tobacco  treat  of  your  life. 


SEND  NO  MONEY 


m??. 


it 


Js/  TOBACCO  GROWERS  ASSOCIATION  OFKY. 

SSr      -^        ^      (Not  affiliated  with  any  other  tobacco  association.) 


Warehouse    313  Mayfield,  Kentucky 

Send  me pounds  of  Old  Kentucky  Homespun  Tobacco  bj 

\y    parcel  post  prepaid.  I  will  pay  the  price  of  $ on  arrival; 

■*'    If  not  satisfied  after  a  10-DAY  TRIAL,  I  will  return  the  tobacco  i    ' 
you  will  refund  my  money. 

Name 


>  anc 


m 


Address 

(Check  whether  chewing  □,  smoking  □,  strong  □,  medium  □,  mildO) 


TOBACCO  GROWERS  ASSOCIATION  OFKY  3S8& 


nothing  extra  for 
credit.    No  C.  O.  D. 


ly  $1.00  down  brings  the  set  to  your  home  for  thirty  days'  trial, 
not  perfectly  satisfied,  return  the  set  at  our  expense  within  30  days 
i  we  will  refund  your  $1.00  plus  aijy  express  charges  you  pay.  If  satis- 
i,  start  leaking  small  payments  of  $1.50  a  month  until  you  have  paid 
.90  in  all.    We  trust  honest  people  anywhere  in  the  United  States. 

No  discount  for  cash; 

t  &  Schram,  Dept.  SOI  1     .  35th  St. ,  Chicago 

J  find  $1.00.  Ship  special  advertised  28-Piecs  Aluminum 
S=et.  I  am  to  have  30  days'  freo  trial.  If  I  keep  the  set 
J  Too  51.50  monthly.  If  not  satisfied,  I  am  to  return  the 
j  Q  30  days  and  you  are  to  refund  my  money  and  any 
I  r  express  charges  I  paid.  a  „  - 

SNece  Aluminum  Kitchen  Set  No.  A6729A.  $13.90.        S         UnlyJl.OO  with  the  eou- 

ri~n  brings  this  2S-piece 
"Lifetime  Ware"  Alum- 
inum set  on  30 days  trial. 
Money  refunded  If  not  sat- 
1  fied.  We  will  also  send  our 
l'igBarg-alnCataloeof  furnl- 
1'ire,  rues,  stoves  and  other 
homefurmshinggoods,  free. 

Straus  <£;  Scfarans 

Dept.  3011 
W.35th  St.,  Chicago 


Complete  Set  66*f  %{ 

GENUINE' 

Madam:  a  complete  set  of  genuine  "Lifetime  Ware"  Aluminum,  each  utensil 
stamped  with  the  manufacturer's  brand — heavy  gauge,  extra  hard,  pressed  sheet 
seamless  aluminum— and  at  a  price  less  than  is  asked  by  others  today  for  thin,  oi di- 
nary  aluminum  ware!  It  heats  quickly,  will  not  crack,  chip  or  peel,  polish  can't  wear 
off.  We,  ourselves,  had  to  charge  $23.90  for  a  set  like  this  only  a  few  months  ago; 

but  now  on  a  special  factory  offer  we  have 
smashed  the  price  to  $13.S0(on  easy  month- 
ly payments),  lower  than  pre-war  prices. 


B.  F.  D. 
Vo 


:i 

°8 ...State 

Vou  Only  Want  Catalog,  Put  X  in  Box  Below: 

ire,Stoves,Jewelry  □  Men's,WoEen's,Children'sClothiDg 


Everything  in  the  Kitchen  of  Pure  Alu- 
mina—28  Pieces  8fiST£Br*Bft5l5S! 

quart  size,  8  1-4  inch  inside,  with  a  double  boiler  2-quart 
capacity;  one  Colonial  design  coffee  percolator  (2  pieces) 
8-cup  size  with  welded  spout,  deme  cover,  fully  pcl- 
Ished;  one  roaster  consisting  of  9  pieces,  measures  10  1-2 
Inches  wide  and  6  inches  hUh.  These  9  piaces  have 
dozens  of  different  uses,  some  shown  In  Illustration.  In- 
cluding bread  or  bake  ■  pan  (7  pi^t  capecity);  stew  or 
Euddingpan(7  pint  capacity);  pudding  pan  or  mixlr./r 
owl  (4  pint  capacity);  egg  poacher  (5  ejrgs  at  a  time); 
muffin  pan;  biscuit  baker  with  5  custard  cups  or  jelly 
moulds;  deep  locking  self-basting  rcaster,  double  boiler 
cereal  cooker  or  triple  steamer.  The  outfit  also  Includes 
2bread  pans,  1  lip  stew  pan  (1  overt  capacity).  1  lip 
stew  nan  (1  1-2  quart  capacity).  Two  9-inch  pie  plates; 
two  9  1-2  inch  extra  deep  cake  pan?:  ere  colander  with 
9  inch  top,  5  1-8  inch  bottom  end  2  1-1  inch  depth  (can 
also  be  used  as  a  steamer).  6-picce  crrr.bination  set, 
having  12  different  uses  as  shown  in  Illustration,  con- 
Bists  of  6  quart  convex  kettle  with  cover,  2  quart  cakj 
nnd  pudding  pan  with  cake  tube;  strainer  or  colander. 
Shipping  weight  about  1"!  lbs.  AH  piece*  (except  the 
pie  plates  and  bread  pans)  are  highly  polished, 
made  of  genuine  pure  sheet  aluminum,  extra  hard, 
absolutely  guaranteed  the  famous* 'Lifetime Ware." 
Order  by  No.  A6729A.  Send  51.00  with  order, 
$1.50  monthly:    Price,  28  pieces,  513.90* 


Send  for  Catalog 


lumbing ,  Heati ng  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing,  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40°o  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 


B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


PRINT  READING 


Ou:-   new    Special 
ss  for  Machinists, 
Pattern-makers.     Iron -work- 
ers,    Blacksmiths,     and     Building 
=men,   qualify  them  by  mail   to 
read    blueprints    and    become    gang-fore- 
men. 


Taught  from  actual  blue  prints.  Easy 
learn — no  mathematics,  Low  prices.  P 
as-you-learn  Plan.  Write  for  booklet  i 
free  sample  blue  print.  Dapt.  F-12S. 
dustrial  Correspondence  University,  I 
1504   Locust   Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


We  not  only 
of  other  vain 
far  every: :  d} 

Do  Yon  Want  It?        Ford  If  t<ffr< 

FORD  WTLLSON,  141 


cOLVE  this  pn2zle.  •win  Ford  Auto  votes  free.  The  letters  of  tee 
°  alphabet  are  numbered:  A  Is  1,  B  is  2,  ana  so  on.  T'ne  figures  in  the 
little  squares  to  the  left  represent  four  trords.  1 20  is  the  letter  "T".) 
What  are  the  four  words?  Can  vou  work  !t  out?  If  so,  send  your  answer 
quick.  Surely  you  want  this  fine,  new  Ford  auto.  S,end  no  money. 
I  have  already  ^Iven  away  many  antos.    Ton  can  own  an  auto. 

SEND  ANSWER  TO-DAY 

g!ve  &vrzy  this  Ford  auto,  tret  h-i-dreds  of  cellars  in  cash  and  scores 
able  prizes.  Bicycles,  Guns.  V.'a.ices,  Talking  Machines;  something 
•.  Everyone  -who  answers  this  can  have  a  prise.  There  are  no  losers. 
cult  to  do.  ETcrybccy  ^zs»  Someone  gets  th"s  new,  latest  model 
pe.    Electric  stcrter  ar_f  lirhts.    D>~>  ycu  ~^z.*.  it?    Write  today  and  be  rlrst, 

W.  Ohio  Street,      Dept.  2735  Chicago,  III. 


Building 
Phonographs 


derful 


print  plans — ca=e  mater 

arms,  motors,  fullinstr 


^e  fiirnish  evervtidn^  —  bine 
erial.tone 
structions. 
Ton  can  easily  make  $100  to 
$200  a  month  in  spare  time. 
Even  bays  of  14  make  them. 
They  play  any  record.  "Won- 
derful tone — equal  to  anv  tod 
ever  Beard.  Sell  to  friends 
and  neighbors.  Write  now 
for  free   blue  print  offer. 

O* "" "  "—  Pnono  graph  Co 

1214th  St.  Elkhart,  Ind. 


DON'T  BE  CUT 

Until  You  Try  This  Won- 

Treatment.  My  internal 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments, 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you  have  piles  in  any  form-  write  for  a 
FREE  sample  of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  yoa 
will  bless  the  day  that  you  read  this.  Write 
today. 

E.  R.  PAGE, 3223  Page  Bids,.  Marshall,  Mich. 


Will  bring  YOU 


----  little  r.i-.-.er  of  13   cts.   ':::->::=*. 
tri'gyt"  tie  Pathfinder  13  weeks   o 

Hah    " 


ps1  win 

n  trial. 

y.  pab- 


ependi^h'-e^ap^that 

-"Tf- 

story  of 

['.-   =  ^-'.°^-°^---Vh"--~ 

.     Taia  i 

pienaii 

al  weekly   rappees  a  1: 

csts  bat  $1  a  year.    If  vc 

a  want 

ro  r-~.-w 

aa:  :s  g::r 1  ~-  in.  the  '■" 

-  i    t'":- 

:s   vtar 

3.   Ifvcuwant  a  tap-r  in' 

--ar  i — 

e  V-i:h 

aai  v:.:lr::~r;  if  v--j  > 

—aid  ap 

-='-'c-3 

a  paper  vim: a  pata  e- 

erytiiag 

'    mis-iany.    Tie  Qateat 

.-a  E-x 

5.a-.-=r3 

ntatitn.     5-.:  IS  cts. 

t: =h:v 

a  a:  y:  a 

economize  :  :  ; 
AUTOMATIC  SASH   HOLDERS 

Battling 


Other     Xtii- 
Eauces.    Save 
Time  &  Labor. 
Mention  weight 
C. 


Send   SI. 00  far  trial 


prepaid, 
sash   t;.=;   craerirg.      Address   Dept 

HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

Fifth  A-ea-ae 


>*.  T. 


MiilKHiltij- 
The  Pathfinder,    517 


glad  to  invest  ii 
Langdon  Sta, 


a  pr:":a:i:a  13  ve 

'new  ra:ar~:  =  .   ~Adi:; 
Washington,  O. 


C, 


Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  Ohio 


OU  can  BUILD  this 
PHONOGRAPH  easily/ 

TREMENDOUS  SAYING  iN  COST 


You  don't  need  to  be  a  cabinet  maker.     We 
have  made  it  an  easy  and  a  pleasant  job  with 


Our  Simplified  Plans 


We  furnish  blue  prints,  diagrams, 
motor,  and  all  metal  parts  com- 
plete.   You  build  the  cabinet  and 
assemble.     A  few  hours'  work,  and    you  will  have  as  fine  a  type  of  phonograph 
as  any   produced,  and  at  a  price   away  below  what  you   would   pay   in  a  store. 

Keep  the  Savings  in  Your  Pocket 

Your  machine  will  play  all  records,  will  have  a  wonderful  tonal  quality,  excelled  by 
none.  No  need  now  for  any  family  to  be  without  a  phonograph  because  of  the  cost. 
THE  MAKAFONE  solves  the  problem.  BUILD  JT  YOURSELF  AT  LESS  THAN 
ONE-FOURTH  REGULAR  COST,  but  equal  to  the  high  priced  cabinet  machines. 
Free  Records  with  each  outfit.  SEND  TODAY  FOR  FREE  CATALOG  and  full 
particulars  of  our  wonderful  offer.  Many  a  manufacturer  got  his  start  in  this 
way.     Why  not  you?    Build  machines  and  sell  to  your  friends.    Ask  us  about  this. 


I  Kbb  mp  Bon  on  toa  ni  una  m  ■■§  m  n 

WRITE  TODAY! 


AGENTS  ATTENTION  a 

You  can  make  and  sell  this  machine  froaj, 

our  plans  at  a  profit  of  $50  to  $75  each. 

Others  are  selling  two  and  three  a  week.  |  HODEKN  PHONOGRAPH  SOPTIT  CO. 

Here    is  your  opportunity  to  make   big'  "  £32  Springer  Bids.,  313  So.  CBotaii  St,  Chicago,  ffl. 

money  and  become  independent.    Pleas-   Q   •  cintlemso:   Pieaso  eend  m«  full  psrtieuimra  *r  »wr 

ant  and  profitable  work.  START  TODAY,   m  Manafoaa  pf«j>o.ition,  without  .biicatras  to  «. 


MODERN  PHONOGRAPH  SUPPLY"  £0.  ■  Nanw 

632  Springer  BIdg.,  313  So-Cliaioa  St.,  ChkagcID.  B  Street  Address. 


Prove  It  At  My  Expense 


Don't  send  me  oneeent— Just  let  me 
prove  it  to  you  as  I  have  done  for  over 
72,500  others  in  the  last  six  months.    I 
claim  to  have  the  most  successful  remedy 
for  bunions  ever  made  and  I  want  you  to 
let  me  send  you  my  Fairyffoot  treatment 
Free.   I  don't  care  how  many  so-called 
cures,  or  shields  or  pads  you  ever  tried 
without  success— I  don't  care  how  dis- 
gusted you  are  with  them  all— you  have 
not  tried  my  remedy  and  I  have  such 
confidence  in  it  that  I  will  send  you  a 
sampse  treatment  absolutely  FREE 
and  afterwards  afull  size  box  C.O.D. 
which  you  can  acceptornot  just  as  you 
wish.  Itisasimplehomeremedywhich 
relieves  you  almost  instantly  of  the 
pain;  it  removes  the  cause  of  the  bun- 
ion and  thus  the  ugly  deformity  disap- 
pears—Just send  name  and  address  and 
Fairyfoot  will  be  sent  in  plain  sealed  en- 
velope.   Write  today. 

Fool  Remedy  Co.,  2207  Millard  five.,    Depi.  1 20      Chicago 


Don9t  Wear  a  Truss 


LEARN  TO  READ  BLUE  PRINTS,  and  be  in  the 
I  foreman's  class.  The  day  of  the  unskilled  worker  is 
I  passed.  A  pound  of  brains  Is  worth  a  ton  of  muscle 
,  these  days.  Put  yourself  in  the  front  rank  among 
j  men  that  know  how  to  take  charge  of  a  big  job.  By 
our  simple  method  we  train  you  quickly,  in  your 
spare  time.  Special  course  for  each  trade.  Write  for 
I  Catalog  B,   Stating  trade. 

Mechanical  and  Architectural 
Drawing 

I  Taught    by    mail    at    your    home    in    your    spare    time 
I  without  loss  of  time  from  work  on  the 

"PAY    AS    YOU     STUDY     PLAN" 

You    can    soon    qualify    for    a    successful    draftsman. 

Draftsmen  earn  big  money  and  are  in  demand.    Books 
I  and   tools   furnished   free.      Write   for   Catalog  G.     Do 

it  today. 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  Est.  1904 

2MB      Dept.    10.    Drexel    Eldg..    Phila.,    Pa.      hsk 


B1 


C.E, 


[ROOKS'  APPLI- 
ANCE, the  mod- 
ern, scientific  inven- 
tion, the  wonderful  new 
discovery  that  relieves 
rupture  will  be  sent  on 
trial.  No  obnoxious 
springs  or  pads.  Has 
automatic  Air  Cushons. 
Binds  and  draws  the 
broken  parts  together 
as  you  would  a  broken 
limb.  No  salves.  No 
lies.  Durable,  cheap. 
Sent  on  trial  to  prove 
it.  Protected  by  TJ.  S. 
Patents.  Catalog  and 
>,-;;■  vfi       measure    blanks    mailed 

^i^i.^^iX^-j^iiLlM       free.       Send     name     and 

address  today. 
BROOKS.  252F  State  Street.  Marshall,  Michigan 


--CAN  MAKE  IT 


in  your  spare  time.  Cab- 
inet 48  in.  high,  22  x  22 
square.  All  panels  are 
5-ply,  Genuine  Mahogany 
or  Quartered  Oak.  MAKE 
THEM  FOR  YOUR 
FRIENDS.  The  profit  on 
one  will  pay  for  your 
own.  Complete  Wood- 
work and  II  a  r  d  w  a  r  e 
$26.00.  FREE  BLUE- 
PRINT &  CATALOGUE] 
ON   REQUEST. 

Thje  Carpenter  &  Cabinet 
Makers  Supply  Co. 


118  N.  LaSalleSt. 


Chicago,  111. 


1 


PREMAX  WALL  TIES  AND  PLUGS 

Strong — Permanent — Correctly  designed 

From  your  dealer  or  direct 

NIAGARA  METAL  STAMPING   CORPORATION 

Division  C Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 


The  Rustless  Rule 

PIC.  U.S.  PAT.  Of  £ 

Made  of  Luminoy.  a  special  alloy  of  Aluminum. 

Hire  is  THE  Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  have.  It  won't  rust, 
weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  a  steel  rule,  yet  is  just  as 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  together  with  permanent 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  us 
for  printed  matter  and  prices 


7   Lafayette  Ave 


THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 


Buffalo.   N.   Y. 


These  clamps  are  so  proportioned  to  give  greatest 
amount  of  strength  possible  for  weight  of  material 
used.     Special    Feature   Steel   Screw. 

Extra  Heavy  pattern  No.  610. 
Ask  your  Hardware   and  tool  dealer  or  write 

E.  C.  STEARNS  &  CO. 

114  Oneida  St.,  Syracuse,    N.   Y.,   U 


K&E  MEASURING  TAPES 

are  well  made,  of  good   material,  and  are  reliable. 
Prices  Revised  Send  For  New  Price 
*    KEUFFEL   &    ESSER    Co.  » 

NEU7YOR/<J2TFiJionSt.  GenerJO^ca^jxaF^ori^.HOBOKBKN.t/, 

CHICAGO  ST.LOUIS  SAV  FRANCISCO  AONTR£AL. 

Slfa-20  S.DcarbomSt.  81T  Locu^l  SL  3CKH  Second  SL  5jforr*DaJhe5l.V 

Piawii^Miterials  'Mdhemahf^andSurveyii^Insh^ 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 

TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 

Are  You  One  Of  Them? 

Sold  By  Leading  Hardware  Dealers  Everywhere 
Send  for  Book  :  "Care  of  Saws,"  free  to  members  of 

The  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York 

mranBgwwTBinwiy -fwft"  nmr 


"Special"  and  No.  1  for  hand  saws  not 
over   16   gauge. 

No.  3  for  cross  cut  and  circular  saws  14 
to  20  gauge. 

No.  4  for  Champion  and  "M"  toothed  saws 
14  to  20  gauge. 

No.  5  for  timber  and  board  saws  6  to  14 
gauge. 

CHAS.  MORRILL,  93  Walker  Street,  NEW  YORK,  N.Y. 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don*t  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interior."  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  both  inside  and  outside  measurements 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
once  and  you  will  never  worJc  toitliout  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars.  . 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 
841C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


BAYONN 


THE 


For  the  roofs  and  floors  of  piaz- 
zas, sleeping  porches,  etc. 


KEG.    U.   S.   PAT.   OFF. 

Is  easy  to  lay  and  will  not  crack, 
buckle  or  peel,  and  is  guaranteed 
waterproof. 

Write  for  sample  book  "T." 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

DUANE   ST.     NEW    YORK     READF.   ST. 

BRANCH    HOUSE 
BRANCH    202-204    MARKET   ST.  ST.    LOUIS 


Learn  Mus 
At  Home! 

New  Easy  Method 

Piano,     Organ.    Violin, 
Comet,    Guitar,    Banjo, 
Mandolin,    Harp    I 
Clarlni  I ,    Flute,    Saxo 

phone,  Harmon;  I  Compo- 
sition, n,  ill  le,  Piccolo,  Sight 
Ringing,  eto.  No  inn^.  r  net  •! 
t In-  aMIIty  to  play  be  shut 
out  of  your  life,  just  write 
iis  a  postal  today  for  our  new 
Pree  Book,  fri  Bh  from  the 
printer.  Let  us  tell  you  how 
you  can  easily,  quickly  tho- 
roughly leant  to  play  your  fa- 
vorite musical  Instrument  by 
note  in  your  own  home,  with- 
out a  teacher,  by  our  X<  w 
Improved  Home  Study  Method.  Different,  easier,  than  pri- 
vate teacher  way — no  tiresome,  dry  exercises — no  Inconven- 
ience. No  trick  music,  "no  numbers."  yet  simple,  wonder- 
ful,   amazingly    easy,    for    even    a    mere    child. 

250,000  PUPILS! 

We  have  successfully  taught  over  250,000  people  from  10  to 
CO.  in  all  parts  of  the  world!  Hundreds  write — "Hare 
learned  more  in  one  term  in  my  home  with  your  weekly 
lessons  than  in  three  terms  with  private  teachers."  "Every- 
thing is  so  thorough  and  complete."  "The  lessons  are 
marvels  of  simplicity.  My  11-year-old  boy  has  not  had 
the   least    trouble    to    learn." 

WONDERFUL      NEW      BOOK     FREE! 

We  want  to  have  one  pupil  in  each  locality  at  once  to  help 
advertise  our  wonderful  easy  system  of  teaching  music.  For 
a  limited  time,  we  therefore  offer  our  marvelous  lessons  at 
practically  no  cost — charges  amounting  merely  to  about  the 
cost  of  sheet  music,  postage, etc.  Beginners  or  advanced  pu- 
pils. We  have  hundreds  of  pupils  right  here  in  New  York,  the 
musical  center  of  America,  who  prefer  our  Home  Study 
method  in  place  of  best  private  teacher.  Get  all  the  proof, 
facts,  letters  from  pupils,  amazing  offer  and  fascinating  New 
Book  just  issued,  all  free!  Write  postal  today.  Address  U.  S. 
School    of    Music.     1931    Brunswick    Blclg. ,    New     "fork. 


HERE  ARE  100  complete  plans  for  Bunga- 
lows, Houses,  Barns  and  Garages  which 
you  can  have  for  the  asking.  This  Plan 
Book  will  enable  you  to  give  your  clients  a  wide 
variety  of  plans  from  which  to  choose  a  home, 
a  garage  or  a  barn — and  the  complete  cost  of 
each.  You  will  find  the  book  invaluable  in 
helping  you  sell  your  services. 
As  you  know,  there  is  a  purpose  behind  every 
free  book.  Our  purpose  is  the  sale  of  lumber 
and  millwork  at  reduced  prices.  We  planned 
this  book  to  help  you — and  to  help  us  indirectly. 
You  are  welcome  to  this  useful  book  even 
though  you  never  buy  a  nickel's  worth  from  us. 
But  whether  you  build  according  to  our  plan  or 
your  own,  be  sure  to  get  our  prices  before 
ordering  lumber  and  millwork.  They  will 
astonish  you,  and  the  qualitv  of  the  lumber  will 
please  you.  A  Postal  Brings  this  Free  Book  Without 
Obligation;   Also  Estimates  and  Estimate  Blanks. 

-ast  Side  Lumber  &  Manufacturing  Company 

EAST  ST.  LOUIS,   ILLINOIS 


by  modernizing  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


THE  Wayvell  Chappell  Automatic  Ball  Bearing  Electric 
Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish 
your  new  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just 
the  way  you  want   them. 

As  QUALITY  of  work  is  the  first  essen- 
tial in  finishing  floors,  particularly  new 
work  in  residences,  flats,  apartments,  etc., 
all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away 
with.  It  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and 
steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  oper- 
ates. 

Only    surfacing    machine    having    roller 
sanding   even   with   basebi  ird   from   either 
side  of  machine,   eloing  aw.ty  with  uneven 
work  of  edge  roller  attachment.     Remofes 
old    varnish,    paint,    oil-soak,    black,    etc., 
rapidly,  or  cuts  down  warped 
edges   quickly.     Four  sizes  — 
for   the   largest   areas    or   the 
smallest  rooms. 

Write   for    folders.      Accept 
our  free  trial   offer. 

(Machines  demonstrated  al- 
so at   our  Branch  Office,   921 
Washington    Blvd..    Chicago.) 
Manufactured  by 

Wayvell    Chappeil    &    Co. 

137   N.   Jackson  St.      Dept.  A. 

Waukegan,    III. 


Pat.  1912 


Outfit 


Delivered  AT  once 

Yes,  I  will  give  you  this  complete 
drawing  outfit  absolutely  free. 
The  instruments  are  in  a  hand- 
some high  class,  plush  lined  folding 
case.  They  are  regular  draftsman'3 
working  instruments.  Besides  I  will- 
give  you  absolutely  free,  a  20  x  25  inch 
drawing  board,  a  24  inch  T  square,  a 
12  inch  rule,  a  supply  of  drawing  paper, 
two  triangles,  a  French  curve,  pencils, 
erasers,  thumb  tacks,  etc. 


600 


There  is  an  urgent  demand  for  skilled  draftsmen.  Com- 
panies are  issuing  calls  every  day  for  men  to  fill  positions  paying 
$3600.00  a  year.    Work  is  light,  pleasant  and  profitable.     • 


'aftsman 


I  am  Chief  Draftsman  of  a  large  and  well 

known  firm.  I  have  been  doing  the  highest  paying 
expert  drafting  work  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  and 
I  know  just  the  kind  of  training  that  is  demanded 
from  men  who  get  the  big  salaries.  I  train  you  by 
giving  you  actual,  practical  work,  the  kind  you  must  be  able 
to  do  to  hold  permanent,  big  paying  positions.  I  give  you  my 
individual  instruction.  If  your  work  is  right,  I  will  advance 
you  rapidly.  If  it  is  wrong,  I  will  show  you  where  and  make 
you  do  it  right,  and  do  all  I  can  to  make  you  an  expert  drafts- 
man and  designer  in  a  short  time. 

Write  Today  Without  Fail! 


Pay  As  You  Wish 


end  Coupon \ 

For  New  Book!  \ 

Put  your  name  and  address  on  the  coupon  or  a  letter  or  a  post 

card  and  send  it  to  me  today.  I  will  send  you  absolutely  free  and  post-  a 

paid,  my  new  book  "Successful  Draftsmanship,"  and  the  great  special  ■ 

offer  that  I  am  now  making  on  which  you  get  the  comlete  Drafts-  ■ 

man's  Working  Outfit  absolutely  free.    You  assume  no  obligations  ■ 

of  any  kind  in  sending  in  the  coupon.    Get  in  line  for  a  big  paying  ■ 

position.    Getting  the  book  and  full  particulars  of  the  special  offer  !? 

is  the  first  step.  § 

Chief  Draftsman  B&M 

Dept.   5311*       4001  Broadway       Chicago,  Ell.  a 


What  I  want  is  the  right  kindoi 
men.  Don't  bother  about  ex- 
pense. I  will  give  you  the 
working  outfit  free  if  you  get 
in  at  once.  I  charge  a  very 
small  fee  for  training  you  to  be 
an  experienced  draftsman.  You 
can  pay  the  small  cost  as  suits 
you  best 
iBBBBcaunsBKHiSEsriaBOHcaiiBnaBi 


Chief  Draftsman  D©fee 

Dept.  5311>      4002  Broadway      Chicago,  ffllnoi 

Without  any  obligation  on  me  whatsoever,  please,  mail  yoi 
book,  "Successful  Draftsmanship"  and  full  particulars  1 
your  liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  a  few  student 
It  is  understood  that  I  am  obligated  in  no  way  whatever. 


ROUND 


/5\ 

If — \^ss^ 

MTrNT  APPLIED   *0» 


PWDlEY  CHAIN 


JMakes  a  Hit  with  Carpenter 
Contractor  and  Owner 


Acco  Round  Cord  Pulley  Chain  happily  satisfies 
everybody.  The  carpenter  likes  it  because  it's 
so  easy  to  install. 

The  contractor  takes  pride 
in  its  neat  appearance  after 
it's  installed. 

The  owner  is  glad  to  have 
strong,  smooth-running  and 
fire-proof  chain  instead  of 
unreliable  sash  cord. 

Comes  in  three  finishes — A.  C.  D. 
(Coppered  Steel),  S.  R.  P.  (Special 
Rust  Proof)  and  Hot  Galvanized. 
Packed  in  strong  cloth  bag  contain- 
ing 100  feet  of  chain  with  40  weight 
fixtures. 


AMERICAN  CHAIN  CO.,  i„c 

Bridgeport,  Conn. 

•Utrict  Sales  Office:  Chicago    New  York    Pittsburgh    Boston    Philadelphia 
Portland,  Ore.  San  Fransisco 


T'Jor  €rerlastiiiP  Cccmomy) 

tOQK?  GetOutoftheRut! 


F"  W\  /? 
UJS/3 

The  sign  of  Quality, 
Uniformity  and   Re- 
sponsibility stamped 
i  on  every  piece. 


Make  More  Money 

To  Carpenters,  Contractors, 
Builders 


For  general  specifica- 
tions, see  pane  458, 
Sweet's  Architectural 
Catalogtie,  16th  Edi- 
tion. 


Our  free  books  tell  you  how  you  can  make 
good  extra  money  selling  Oak  Flooring,  with- 
out interfering  with  your  regular  work.  Or, 
if  you  happen  to  be  out  of  work,  during  the 
slack  winter  period,  your  opportunity  will  be 
that  much  greater. 

Many  of  our  friends  in  the  building  trade 
have  made  good  money  by  following  our  plan. 

Write  today  for  the  books.    They  are  free. 

OAK  FWOMHGJm&m? 

105 1  Ashland  Block  Chicago,  111. 


SILVER 


CUT! 

You  Said  It. 


Ever  try  sawing  with  an  At- 
kins Xo.  51  or  Xo.  53.  Silver 
Steel  Hand  Saw?  If  not, 
stop  at  your  hardware  deal- 
er and  ask  him  to  let  you  try 
an  Atkins  Saw. 

You'll  find  they  cut  faster, 
stay  sharp  longer  and  that 
they  do  not  tire  the  wrist  as 
other  saws  do. 

"A  Perfect  Saw  For  Every 
Purpose." 


Send  25  c  for  carpenters 
apron,  pencil  and  Sav: 
Sense. 


E.C.ATKINS  &  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  1857  THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW   PEOPLE 

Home  Office  aj\d  Factory.  IND1ANAP0US.LND1ANA 

Canadian  Factory, Hamilton  Ontario 
Machine  Knife  Factory.  Lancaster  N."Y. 

Branches  Carrying  Complete  Stocks laTJx Following  Cities: 


Atlanta  New  Orleans 
Memphis  New  York  City 
Chicago  Port  I  &rvd,  Ore- 
Minneapolis  SanFrancisco 


Seattle 
Paris.  Fran.ce 
Sydney.  N.S.W. 
Vancouver,  B.C. 


Sheetrock  Insures 

Non-Warping  Walls 


Sheetrock  has  every  quality  you 
have  wanted  in  a  wallboard. 
Made  from  gypsum  rock,  it  can- 
not shrink,  buckle  or  burn.  It 
takes  any  decoration,  and  will 
last  as  long  as  the  building 
stands.  Sheetrock  means  satis- 
fied owners. 

Sheetrock  is  easily  handled,  too. 
It  saws  and  nails  like  lumber, 
goes  up  quickly,  makes  tight, 
flush  joints. 

Now  is  the  time  to  start  lining 
up  the  Sheetrock  jobs  in  your 
locality  if  you  want  bigger 
profits  this  season.  Let  us  send 
you  details  of  a  plan  that  helps 
bring  in  the  business.  Mail  the 
coupon  today! 

Sheetrock  comes  in  standard 
sizes  :  %  in.  thick,  32  or  48  in. 
wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 


SHEE'EROCK 


ihe  FIRE  PROOF 


WA  LLBOARD 


UNITED     STATES     GYPSUM     COMPANY 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 

GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dspt.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  IIL 

Tell  me  about  your  plan  to  get  Sheetrock  contracts. 
Name 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


The  home  pictured  above  is  Long- 
Bell  Plan  No.  292.  Many  retail 
lumbermen  can  show  you  floor 
plans  of  this  home.  If  your  lum- 
berman hasn't  them,  write  us. 


This  home  is  Long-Bell  Plan  No. 
485.  Many  retail  lumbermen  can 
show  you  floor  plans  of  this  home. 
If  your  lumberman  hasn't  them, 
write  us. 


THE   SMALL   HOMI 

Comes  Into  Its  Own 

This  is  the  day  of  the  small  home.  Yo 
see  them  everywhere  and  marvel  at  the: 
beauty  and  coziness.  Nine  out  of  ten  c 
them  are  built  of  wood  because  beaut; 
coziness  and  "homeyness"  are  best  obtaii 
able  by  building-  with  lumber. 

And,  furthermore — 

Lumber  is  the  least  expensive  buildin 
material  you  can  buy  today. 

Consult  your  lumberman.  He  should,  t 
able  to  show  you  small  home  plans  to  f 
your  needs. 

And  remember — it  is  economy  to  buy  th 
best  of  materials. 


oT 


^s> 


^\ 


TpriG-Reix 

Nationally   K  n  u  w  n 

Products 
Southern   Pine   Lum- 
ber  and   Timbers 
Crtosoted     Lumber, 
Timbers,  Posts,  Poles, 
Ties.     Piling,     Wood 

Blocks 
California      White 
Pine  Lumber 
Sash  and  Doors 
Standardized     Wood- 
work 
im  nnd  Oak  Lumber  ... 
Oak  Flooring         /cS2£ 


For  dependable  lumber  of  uniform 
high  quality  in  all  grades  ask 
your  lumberman  for  LOXG-BELL 
Trade-Marked  Lumber. 


Tfte  TpnG-ReLL  Twmfoer  Compann 

R.A.LONO     QUILDINO         Lumbermen  <m..-  I&73         KANSAS      CITV.      N/IO. 


Be  A  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More— Yearly 


This  is  a  new,  uncrowded  field. 
Floor  Surfacing  Contractors  are 
making  big  money  resurfacing  old 
floors  in  homes  and  office  buildings 
and  working  with  genera!  contrac- 
tors who  prefer  to  sublet  the  floor 


surfacing  contract.  It  is  a  big  busi- 
ness in  itself.  Business  comes  easily 
by  American  Universal  Method.  We 
furnish  office  forms,  advertising 
cms,  business  cards — in  fact,  every- 
thing to  set  a  man  up  in  business. 


RE=SURFACING  OLD  FLOORS 

Don't  Ever  Get  Caught  Out  of  Work  Again 

No  Duli  Seasons  in  This  Business 


There  are  hundreds  of  homes  and  office 
buildings  being  remodeled — in  every  case. 
the  floor  is  the  first  consideration.  There 
are  hundreds  of  Hours  right  in  your  own 
neighborhood  that  really  need  resurfacing. 
Hundreds  of  people  can  well  afford  to 
have  the  work  done  and  will  be  glad  to 
have  you  do  it  when  you  show  them  the 

American    Universal   Method. 
BSJk  The  machine  is   electrically  oper- 


ated and  surfaces  more  floors  in  a  day  than 
six  men  can  elo  by  hand.  Works  alike 
on  new  and  old  floors  and  on  any  size, 
from  cottage  to  largest  auditorium.  Sur- 
faces clear  to  wall   without  hand   work. 

Contractors  and  architects  prefer  its 
work  because  it  leaves  no  sander  waves 
or  chatter  marks.  Leaves  job  clean — 
vacuum  fan  leaves  elust  and  dirt  in  bag. 
Machine  will  pay  for  itself  the  first  month. 


Floor   Surfacing  Contractors    Make   $20.00   to    $50.00   A    Day 


P   K 


"I  am  making  floor  surfacing 
a  specialty  with  the    'Ameri- 
can  Universal'   and  find  it   a 
good  paying  proposition.    My 
average   earnings   are  S2S.O0 

per   day." 

k     Geo.   R.   LaFlash,  Mass. 

jk     "I  make  the  'American 

Universal'  way  of  floor 

W,     surfacing   a   specialty 

}&\    now   and  my   average 

""-~...;';v  ;<ȣ)  learnings  are  at  least 

'#<%Wj    §20.00   a   day." 
\,^"  •._**•  ;%v.  S®§sj§p        J-  A-  Natzel,  Ariz. 

■     "  -v  "My  earnings  in  one 

day  have  been  as  high  as  $50.00  with  the  'American  Universal'   ma- 
chine."    E.  J.   Inman,   Ohio. 

"We  have  owned  one  of  your  Floor  Surfacing  Machines  for  about  two 
years.     We  find  it  earns  us  from  $40.00  to  $75.00  on  each  of  our  con- 
tract jobs."     F.  B.   Westcott  &  Son,  Neb. 
"I  have  made  good  with  the   'American  Universal'   Machine.     I  have 


sanded  about  $700.00  worth  of  work  in 
two  months."  T.  J.  Easley,  Tenii. 
"The  'American  Universal'  is  a  dandy 
machine  for  cleaning  and  polishing  dance 
floors.  I  have  earned  $S2.00  clear  profit 
in  a  day,  so  you  can  see  how  well  I  am 
doing."  Glen  F.  Bartlett,  Oregon. 
"When  this  little  town  of  6.000  people 
was  building,  we  made  from  $350.00  to 
$700.00  per  month  with  the  'American 
Universal',  but  our  best  earnings  per  aay 
have  been  $100.00,  $80.15,  $63.50,  S62.O0, 
aiid  $80.00.  M.  L.  Derstine,  California. 
"I  have  earned  as  high  as  $50.00  with  my 
'American  Universal'  machine  and  wish 
to  thank  you  for  the  courteous  treatment 
I  have  received  from  you."  Edward  Mc- 
Kernan,   Nebraska. 

"I  am  well  pleased  with  the  'American 
Universal'.  I  have  made  $30.00  in  eight 
hours  with  my  machine."    P..  Waynick.  Tex. 


Don't  pass  up 
this  opportu= 
nity  to  get  in= 
to  a  business 
of  your  own. 
Write  today 
for  complete 
literature. 


The    American     Floor     Surfacing 

Originators  of  Floor  Surfacing  Machines 

522  So.  St.  Clair  Street 


e     Co. 

Toledo,  Ohio 


THE    AMERICAN     FLOOR    SURFACING    MACHINE    COMPANY 
522    So.    St.    Ciair    St., 
Toledo.    Ohic,    U.    S.    A. 

Gentlemen:     Please   send   me   without   obligation   to  me,    complete   information    and   literature    on    your   proposition. 
The   following   information   will    no    doubt    assist   you    in    advising   me. 


□ 
□ 

□ 


I    want    to    become    a    Floor    Surfacing 
Contractor. 

I  am  not  now  a  contractor  of  any  land 
but   was  in   following   business: 


I  am   a  Building  Contractor   and   want 
to    use    it    on    my    own    contracts. 


NAME  . 
STREET 
CITY 


OOM  HOUSE  FREE! 


—CARPENTERS- 
STOP   PAYING   RENT   NOW! 

This  offer  is  so  liberal  it  is  hard  to  believe,  but  it  is  true — every  word  is 
true.  There  are  no  strings  to  my  offer  and  I  will  positively  give  a  house 
away  just  as  promised  in  this  offer.  You  can  get  a  home  FREE  if  you  send  me  your 
name  quick  and  do  as  I  say. 

Surely  you  have  longed  for  the  day  to  come  when  you  could  cease  paying  rent  to  a 
heartless  landlord,  and  call  your  home  your  own.  I  am  now  offering  you  the  golden 
opportunity  to  free  yourself  from  the  clutches  of  the  money-grabbing  landlord,  and 
at  no  cost  to  yourself.  Picture  a  handsome  six-room  house,  nice  lawn  and  pretty 
shrubbery  and  flowers  growing  in  well-arranged  beds.  Don't  you  want  a  place  like 
this,  and  free,  too?  Of  course  you  do,  so  send  me  your  name  today — fill  out  the 
coupon  and  mail  it  to  me  before  you  lay  this  magazine  aside. 

The    House   Oars    Be    Built   Anywhere   You   Want   St 

Don't  hold  back — don't  say  "no  such  luck  for  me."  You  can  have  the  house  built 
wherever  you  say — California,  Maine  or  anywhere  in  the  United  States.  It  makes 
no  difference  where  you  want  to  live.    This  offer  is  open  to  all. 

I  Will  Even  Buy  a  Lot  For  You 

Perhaps  you  do  not  own  a  lot,  or  have  no  place  to  build,  but  don't  allow  this  to  pre- 
vent your  sending  in  your  name  and  address,  because  I  will  arrange  to  buy  a  lot  for 
you  if  you  don't  own  one.  This  wonderfully  beautiful  and  comfortable  home  can  be  yours  if  you 
promptly  answer  this  advertisement,  and  do  as  I  say.  Don't  take  chances  of  some  other  person 
getting  ahead  of  you,  but  rush  the  coupon  to  me  at  once.  An  offer  like  this  may  never  come  to 
you  again. 

Costs    Nothing    To    Investigate 

You  run  absolutely  no  risk  whatever.  It  costs  you  nothing  to  investigate  this  won- 
derfully liberal  offer.  All  I  ask  you  to  do  is  to  rush  me  the  coupon  or  send  your  name 
and  address  on  a  post  card. 

RUSH      THIS    S"«"»  «*FREE  HOME  COUPON  —  k  -c  m  m 

8  C.  E.  MOORE,  Pres.  Home  Builders'  Club 

K  Dept.  501  Batavia,  Illinois 

Do  not  delay,  but  fill  out  the  cou-    - 

pon  and  send  it  to  me  before  you    H  j  want  one  of         r  free  houses_     It  is  understood  I  need  not 

lav  this  paper  aside,     iie  the  very    »         ,  .     -  T    .  ,         ... 

first    to    take    advantage    of    this    1  send  y°u  one  cent  of  my  own  money.     I  risk  nothing. 

liberal  offer.     Address  B 

C.  E.  MOORE,  President      ■  Name   

Home  Builders'  Club  g  Street  or  R.  F.  D 

Dept.  501  Batavia,  111.  a  Town  State 


/  I  '■■■ 


50  Years 

Experience 

in  making  Better  Saws  en- 
ables us  to  meet  Today's  De- 
mand for  Lower  Prices. 


Hundreds  of  woodworking  plants 
have  found  that  Huther  Brother's 
Patent  Dado  Heads  enable  them 
to  save  vast  amounts  in  the  time 
ordinarily  required  for  intricate 
grooving. 

The  saw  consists  of  two  outside 
cutters  and  enough  inside  cutters 
to  perform  the  required  cut.  The 
outside  cutters  may  be  used  sep- 
arately or  in  combination. 
The  Huther  Brother's  Dado  Head 
was  developed  after  a  thorough 
study  of  the  needs  for  a  saw  of 
this  kind,  and  as  a  result  can  be 
depended  upon  to  perform  cred- 
itably at  all  times. 
The  experience  of  other  wood- 
working plants  can  be  made  yours 
if  you  will  write  for  complete  cat- 
alogue of  Huther  Dado  Heads,  or 
order  one  on  approval.  It  may 
be  returned  at  our  expense,  if  un- 
satisfactory. 


--'. 


HUTHER  BROS. 
SAW  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y 


Free  Course  ia  Braitsmaoship 


QUICK    SUCCESS    and    MORE    MONEY 

Salaries  up  to  $100  per  week.  Here  is  your  only  OPPORTU- 
NITY to  get  this  wonderful,  high-priced.  Complete  Drawing 
Outfit,  including  a  FREE— PRACTICAL  COURSE  IX  ME-. 
C1LANICAL    DRAWING— now 

SEND    NO    MONEY 

We  ship  at  once  to  any  address  in  U.  S..  you  pay  only  SI 2.98  on 
arrival,  no  extras — -Write  to-day  for  this  remarkable  offer,  with 
which  you  can  build  your  Success  in  DRAFTSiLAXSHIP.  You 
can  put  yourself  in  class  of  Trained  Men  whose  services  are 
always     in     DEMAND. 

EASY  TO  LEARN  AT  HOME  IN  YOUR  SPARE  T!ME 
And  is  your  one  chance  to  earn  the  biggest  money  of  your  life,  and 
will  be  one  of  the  most  profitable  investments  you  have  ever  maele. 
OUTFIT  CONSISTS  of — Set  large  size  Professional  Draftsman's 
drawing  instruments  of  Fine  Nickel  Silver,  set  into  a  handsome 
Velvet  Lined  pocket  book  folding  case.  si<e  4  by  8  1-2  inches 
closed — also  One  Drawing  Board  20  by  24  1-2  inches — One  24- 
inch  T  Square — One  12-inch  Standard  scale  rule — One  Protractor 
— Supply  of  drawing  paper — Two  Triangles — One  French  Curve — 
Pencils — Erasers — One  bottle  waterproof  drawing  ink — Thumb 
Tacks— and  one  enlarged  Edition  FREE— A  PRACTICAL  COURSE 
IN  1IECHANICAL  DRAWING.  You  cannot  make  a  mistake  by 
taking  up  drawing,   so   ACT   NOW. 

OFFER   IS   LIMITED— Particulars  FREE 

NATIONAL  INSTRUMENT  COMPANY 

4703   North    Hamilton   Ave.  Dept.    3,   Chicago,   III. 


THE    U,  B.  A.  LEVEL 


ioo%  adjustable. 


No  holes  to  cut. 


Specially  designed  for  progressive 
mechanics  and  to  take  place  of  level 
or  plumb  bob. 


i--^ 


Superior  to  other 
adjustables 
in  working  fea- 
tures. 

Attach  to  any 
length  straight 
edge  your 
work  requires. 

For  all  kinds  of 
leveling,  plumb- 
ing, grades  and 
pitches.  The 
simplest,  and 
quickest  to  ad- 
just. 

Frame  C.  R.  steel 
finished  in  Nickel 
and  Black  mar 
rust  proof  pro- 
cess. We  guar- 
,.  s^[  antee  every   one. 


Member  L.  TJ.  434,  Inventor.  Pocket  size 
3j|x4.  Have  your  dealer  supply  you,  if  he 
cannot,  send  us  his  name  and  your  money 
order  and  we  will  mail  to  you  direct. 

Price  $1.25 

THE  UNION  LEVEL  SALES  CO. 

1979  W.  1  nth  Street  Chicago. 


Ymi  Arc:  Asked  To  Plan  And  To 
Prepare  Estimates  On  Building 
This  House.    Can  You  Do  It? 


If  you  can't  do  it  you  are  not  yet  in 
the  real  money  making  class — you  are 
not  a  building  expert. 

But,  you  can  become  an  export  simply  by 
giving  some  of  your  spare  time  to  home 
study  under  the  direction  of  the  Chicago 
"Tech"  experts  who  will  train  you  in  any 
branch  of  building  you  want  to  take  up. 
All  this  at  little  cost  and  on  easy  terms. 


.eady  to  Profit  By  It 

Get  this  training  now  and  your  opportunity  will  come.  Building  is  to  be 
resumed  and  there  will  be  a  big  demand  for  men  able  to  act  as  foremen  and  super- 
intendents on  important  work;  also  chances  for  the 
man  who  wants  to  go  into  business  as  a  carpenter  and 
for  the  small  contractor  to  extend  his  business. 

T: 


in  spare 


To  get  the  paying  jobs  you  must  have  the  knowledge  that  will 
enable  you  to  tell  others  what  to  do  and  how  to  do  it.  That  is 
what  we  teach  you. 


u 


Plan  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan.  How  to  read 
dimensions.  How  to  read  detail  drawings.  How  to  lay  out 
work  from  plans.  How  to  stake  out  buildings.  Practice  in  read- 
ing complete  blue  print  plans  from  basement  to  roof,  etc.,  etc. 

Estimating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of  materials.  Esti- 
mating time  and  labor.  How  to  figure  work  such  as  stairs, 
roofing,  rafters,  etc.  Millwork  :  window  and  door  frames,  mould- 
ings, cornices,  etc.  All  about  the  steel  square.  Lathing  and 
plastering.  Excavations.  Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work.  Fire- 
proofing."  Glazing.  Plumbing.  Heating. 
Wiring,  Etc.  Etc. 

Superintending.  Methods  of  work  on 
all  classes  of  buildings.  Uses  and  prep- 
aration of  all  kinds  of  material.  Hiring 
and  handling  men. 

Also  Special  Courses  Architectural 
Drafting  for  Carpenters  and  in  Plumbing 
and  Heating  and  Ventilating,  all  taught 
by  practical  men. 


This  free  lesson  in  Plan  Read- 
ing shows  how  easily  you  can 
grasp  the  subject  by  the  Chicago 
"Tech"  method.  Nothing  to  pay 
for  this — sent  to  show  how  you 
can  advance  by  taking  a  Chicngo 
"Tech"  home  study  course.  Cou- 
pon brings  it  free. 


CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE, 
239  Chicago  "Tech"  Building. 

Without   obligation   on   me  please   send   Free  Trial 
Lesson   on   the   course  I   have  marked  X   below. 


Send  the  Coupon  1 

Don't   delay.      At  least   find  out  g 

about    this    practical    training    for  ■ 

bigger  pay  or  more  profits.     Send  | 

for  catalog.     Get  the  coupon  into  a 
the  mail  today. 


r~l    Plan   Reading  and    Estimating. 
I    j    Architectural   Drafting. 


Name 

Address 

Post  Office State 

Occupation 


00 

S  a  n  d  p  a  p 


\\  hen  you  want 
A   Good  Tool 
You  go   out   and 
You  ask  for  it 
By  Name 

You  insist 
Upon  getting 
Only   the   kind 
Which  you  know 
Is   good 

When  you  want 

Good  Sandpaper 
Go  out  and 
Ask  for 

Behr's    Brand    of 
Garnet   Paper 
or  Behr's  Brooklyn 
Brand  of  Flint  Paper 


good 
the   best 


It    : 

An; 

Is    never   too   good 


For 


vou 


And  remember : 
It   costs 
No  more 

Than  any  other 
Brand. 


1!  E  R  MAN 


&  i  :o..  ixc 


In  fiftieth  year. 

33=65  Tiffany  Place 
Brooklyn,  New  York  City. 


Good    Carpenters 

Demand  Good  Tools 

The  more  particular  a  carpenter  is 
it  the  tools  he  uses,  the  more  like- 
ly he  is  to  select  Sargent  Planes  and 
Squares. 

Chief  among  the  Sargent  family  of 
planes  is  the  Auto- Set  Bench  Plane. 
With  this  plane  you  can  remove  the 
blade  for  sharpening  and  replace  it 
again  in  exactly  the  same  position, 
without  re-adjustment.  Made  in  six 
sizes.  The  Sargent  book  of  planes 
will  give  full  information  about  this 
and  other  Sargent  Planes  and  will  be 
.sent  free  on  request. 

Sargent  Framing  Squares  elimin- 
ate the  usual  figuring  required  .  to 
get  the  lengths  and  cuts  of  hip,  val- 
ley, jack  and  common  rafters.  The 
necessary  tables  are  on  the  square. 
Simply  measure  and  read.  Sargent 
Framing  Squares  are  made  of  the 
finest  tool  steel  in  nine  finishes. 
Send  for  the  Sargent  Steel  Square 
booklet. 

Sargent  &  Company 

Hardware  Manufacturers 
55  Water  Street      New  Haven,  Conn. 


l— 

^:-  -"' 

Mfl— JBaelS—iS 

if^tl 

■=■        -TT-. 

i , 

1  ' 

''"_. 

O"  c  K    S 

AND          H    A    R 

D     W 

-A     R/.E. 

1 

From    Carpenters    Helper 
to     Electrical     Contractor 


Mr.  Schreck's 
Letter 

Phoenix.    Arizona. 
May  3rd,   1921. 
Dear  Mr.  Cooke: 

For  the  first  time  in  my 
life  I  urn  paying  an  Income 
Tax.  a  fact  for  which  I  am 
greatly  indebted  to  you.  as 
It  was  your  training  that  put 
me  where  I  am.  in  business 
for  myself  and — well  on  the 
road   to  Success. 

Last  September,  a  year 
ago,  when  I  enrolled  I  felt  a 
little  skeptical.  At  that  time, 
as  a  carpenter's  helper,  doing 
manual  labor,  1  was  only 
able  to  earn  $75.00  a  month. 

Today,  thanks  to  your 
Bplendid  Lessons  and  method 
of  instruction,  I  am  making 
considerably  over  $50U  a 
month. 

Some  time  ago  I  started 
out  to  do  Electrical  work 
(wiring)  on  my  own  hook. 
all  done  in  my  spare  time. 
By  degrees  I  built  up  quite 
a  little  business  for  myself, 
and  o  u  February  2  0.  I 
filed  a  bond  with  the  City  of 
Phoenix  to  do  wiring,  all 
kinds,  and  went  into  the 
Electrical  Contracting  busi- 
ness under  my  own  name. 

Mr.  Cooke.  I  would  not 
take  $2,000  for  your  Course, 
and  will  unhesitatingly  rec- 
ommend it  to  any  person  who 
is  in  earnest,  and  willing  to 
sacrifice  a  little  time  to 
study. 

You  may  use  my  name  as 
a  reference,  and  depend  on 
me  to  "boost"  your  School 
at  every  "spot  in  the  road," 
for  I  shall  always  feel  grate- 
ful for  answering  your  ad- 
vertisement of  an  Electrical 
Course  by  mail. 

Sincerely   yours, 

A.   SCHRECK. 


Jumps  From  $75  to  $500  a  Month 

Here's  the  story  of  Art.  Schreck,  carpenter  helper  who  jumped 
from  $17.00  a  week  to  more  than  $100.00  a  week  in  a  few  months 
time.     Read  his  letter. 

Are  You  Doing  for  Yourself 

No  matter  what  kind  of  work  you  are  doing — No  matter  how 
much  you  earn — you  owe  it  to  yourself  to  look  into  the  thing  that 
boosts  a  man's  pay  like  this.  Think  of  it.'  Six  times  the  amount 
he  ever  earned  at  the  work  he  was  doing.  Let  me  tell  you  how  I 
can  help  you  do  the  same. 


Be  An 


Will     Train     You 


Home 


Trained  "Electrical  Experts"  are  in  great  demand  at  the  highest  salaries,  and 
the  opportunities  for  advancement  and  a  big  success  in  this  line  arj  the  greatest 
ever  known. 

"Electrical  Experts"  earn  $70  to  $200  a  week.  Fit  yourself  for  one  of  these 
big  paying  positions — 

Today  even  the  ordinary  Electrician — the  "screw  elriver"  land — is  making  money 
— big    money.      But    it's    the    trained    man — the    man    who    knows    the    whys    and 

wherefores   of  Electricity — the   "Electrical   Expert" who   is  picked   out  to   "boss" 

ordinary  Electricians — to  boss  Big  Jobs — the  jobs  that  pay. 

Get  in  line  for  one  of  these  "Big  Jobs"  by  enrolling  now  for  my  easily-learned, 
quickly-grasped,  right-up-to-the-minute.  Spare-Time,  Home-Study  Course  in 
Practical  Electricity. 

No  Experience  Necessary  —  Your 
Success  Guaranteed  J™  ffi  ft™  «s>Vac2Sge1K 

graduate.  My  Course  in  Electricity  is  the  most  simple,  thorough,  and  successful 
in  existence,  and  offers  every  man.  regardless  of  age.  education  or  previous  experi- 
ence the  chance  to  become,  in  a  very  short  time,  an  "Electrical  Expert",  able  to 
make  from  $70  to  $200  a  week.  I  guarantee  under  bond  to  refund  every  cent  you 
pay    me   if    you    are   not    satisfied    after    you    have    finished    my    course. 


FU     17     17       Electrical 
JOL    Mil    Hr      Outfit  and 

Use  of  Laboratory  as  well  as  consult- 
ing service  and  subscription  to  En- 
gineering Magazine.  The  big  Outfit 
that  I  give  you  includes  an  electric 
motor  and  numerous  tools  and  instru- 
ments not  usually  found  in  a  begin- 
ner's set — the  whole  thing  is  free  to 
my   students. 


Get  Started  Now 

I  want  to  send  you  my  big  book 
showing  the  opportunities  in  the  elec- 
trical field  and  a  sample  lesson,  free. 
You'll  enjoy  looking  them  over.  The 
coupon  brings  both  without  any  obli- 
gation   on   your   part. 


Mail  This 
Coupon 

Now 

L.  L. 
)  '     COOKE, 

Chief  Eng. 
Chicago  Engineer- 
ing Works,  Dept.  282, 
2154    Lawrance    Ave., 
Chicago,    III. 

Dear  Sir:     Send   at   once   Sam- 
ple Lessons,   your   Big  Book,    and 
full   particulars   of  your  Free   Outfit 
and     Home     Study     Course — all     fully 
prepaid  without  obligation  on  my  part. 


<§®(p>(?>l 
;reen  < 


TRADE  J  E  RS.'EY  M^Rh 


Danger  Points 


Relying  upon  your  experience  and  reputation, 
your  customers  will  want  your  recommendation 
regarding  insect  screen  cloth  for  windows  and 
doors.  Your  recommendation  will  be  made 
on  a  basis  of  wearing  qualities.  Keep  in  mind, 
then,  the  danger  points — 

Iron  or  steel  screens 

Insect  screen  cloth  of  iron  or  steel  rusts  out  in  patches 
along  the  bottom  of  the  screen  where  moisture  collects. 

Screens  of  alloys  of  copper 

It  is  impossible  to  produce  a  mixture  of  two  metals 
that  is  uniform  throughout.  Hence,  such  alloys  will 
give  variable  service  which  is  accentuated  in  such  fine 
wire  as  is  required  for  insect  screen  cloth.  Some 
strands,  therefore,  will  corrode  before  others. 

Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth 

Here  is  an  insect  screen  cloth  made  of  99.8  percent 
pure  copper,  by  an  exclusive  Roebling  process.  It 
is  the  only  screen  cloth  which  can  be  expected  to  last 
when  used  near  salt  water  or  in  the  tropics. 

Hardware  and  building  supply  dealers  throughout  the 
country  carry  Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  in  rolls  of 
stock  widths,  18  to  60  inches.  Bright  or  dark  finish. 
But  if  the  dealer  in  your  town  can't  supply  you,  drop 
us  a  line. 


The  New  Jersey  Wsre  Cloth  Company 

618  South  Broad  Street 
Trenton  New  Jersey 


A  Thick  Strip-shingle 


One  reason  for  the  great  popularity  of  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles 
among  carpenters  is  its  unusual  thickness.  It  looks  better  en 
the  roof  than  the  ordinary  shingle.  It  gives  an  impression  of 
stability — of  massiveness.  Its  edges  cast  strong  shadows 
which  contrast  pleasantly  with  the  deeply  imbedded  surface 
coating  of  red  and  green  natural  crushed  slate. 


Home  owners  like  the  extra  thick- 
ness, but  this  is  by  no  means  the 
only  thing  that  has  contributed  to 
the  reputation  of  Ruberoid  Strip- 
shingles.  Here  is  a  shingle  which 
•will  not  blow  or  curl  up — a  shingle 
economical  to  buy  and  lay  because 
of  its  patented  form — a  shingle 
which  offers  you  the  possibility  of 
many    varied    designs — finally,    a 


shingle  which  is  Ruberoid  quality 
througli  and  through. 

Ruberoid  Roofing  and  Shingles, 
because  of  their  long  service  on 
thousands  of  roofs,  have  the  con- 
fidence of  home  owners.  Your 
reputation  as  a  carpenter  of  sound 
judgment  is  made  more  secure  if 
you  recommend  Ruberoid. 


95  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 
Chicago  Boston 


SHINGLES 
FEUS 


BUILDING  PAPERS 
PLASTICS 


?ja£BnMM| 


S 


m 


In  hard-to-get-at  corners,  where  you  can  work  only  with 
one  hand,  you'll  find  the  "Yankee"  Quick-Return  Spiral 
Ratchet  Screw-driver  mighty  handy. 

There's  a  spring  in  the  handle — just  push!  Blade  makes 
three  full  turns  to  the  stroke. 

Spring  keeps  bit  in  screw  slot  and  forces  the  handle  back 
for  another  push.     Speed ! 

Draws  screws  out  as  easily  as  it  drives  them  in.  Saves 
time!     Saves  the  man! 

"YANKEE"    Spiral  Ratchet   Screw -drivers 


No.     130     (illustrated):      Standard     Size. 

For    all    general    work.       Three    sizes    of 

bits  included. 

No.    131:     Heavy   pattern   similar   to    No. 

130  but  built  larger  and  stronger.     Three 

sizes  of  bits   included. 

No.    135:     Light  pattern.      Same  style   as 

No.  130.     Three  sizes  of  bits  included. 


No.  30:  Same  as  No.  130  but  without 
spring  in  the  handle.  Three  sizes  of  bits 
included. 

No.  31  :  Same  as  No.  131  but  without 
spring  in  handle.  Three  sizes  of  bits  in- 
cluded. 

No.  35 :  Same  as  No.  135  but  without  spring 
in  handle.     Three  sizes   of  bits   included. 


Write  today  for  FREE  Tool  Book 

Illustrates  and  describes  the  complete 
line  of  ingenious  time  and  labor-saving 
"  Yankee  "     Tools. 

Dealers  everywhere  sell  "  YANKEE  "  Tools. 

North  Bros.  Mfg.  Co.  ,  Philadelphia 


A  great  too!  to  work  wi 


It's  shaped  right,  and  made  right!  Be- 
cause of  its  tapering  lines,  it  cuts  easily  and 
accurately. 

You  can  turn  out  quick,  clean  work  with 
the  Plumb  Hatchet.  Finish  a  job  that  makes 
you  proud  of  your  workmanship,  and  do 
it  easier. — the  balance  and  comfort  grip 
handle  take  care  of  that. 

The  Plumb  Hatchet  is  forged  from  one 
piece  of  high-grade  special-analysis  steel ; 
given  the  Plumb  armor-plate  heat  treatment 
and  double  temper  so  that  its  keen  edge 
stands  a  tremendous  lot  of  service..  The 
"eye"   is  heat-treated  to  prevent  breaking. 

Ask  your  dealer  for  Plumb  Hatchets. 
Carpenters  say,  "They're  Worth  More." 

Price  $1.60   (except  in  Far  West  find  in  Canada) 

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m  \ 


"As  hard  as  fire  and 
water  can  make  them" 

— The  Disston  file-maker 

Disston  makes  between  sixteen 
and  eighteen  million  files  a  year. 
Some  weigh  a  tiny  fraction  of  an 
ounce.  Others  135  lbs.  Some  are 
for  a  lady's  fingernails.  Some  for 
gigantic  chunks  of  steel. 

The  supreme  test  of  a  good  file  is 
in  filing  the  teeth  of  saws — steel  cut- 
ting steel.  And  nearly  a  half-million 
Disston  Files  are  used  yearly  in  mak- 
ing Disston  Saws — "the  saws  most 
carpenters  use."  No  wonder  Disston 
Files  eat  through  the  work  in  quick 
time!  No  wonder  the  experienced 
filer  enjoys  the  feel  of  a  Disston  File 
as  it  bites  into  the  toughest  metal! 

Disston  Files  are  Disston  made 
from  the  steel  to  the  packing  case. 
They  are  of  good,  true  steel,  "as  hard 
as  fire  and  water  can  make  them." 

Send  for  new  free  booklet,  "The 
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Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


A  List  of  What  Disston  Makes 

And  in  these  Sa^s.  Tools  artd 
Files  is  that  quality  found  in 

"The  Saw  Most  Carpenters  Use" 

Back  Saws 

Band  Saws  for  Wood  and  Metal 

Bevels 

Buck  Saws 

Butcher  Saws  and  Blades 

Circular  Saws  for  "Wood,  Metal 
and  Slate 
Compass  Saws 
Cross-cut  Saws  and  Tools 
Cylinder  Saws 
Drag  Saw  Blades 
Files  and  Rasps 
Grooving  Saws 
Gauges — Carpenters' 

Marking,  etc. 
Hack  Saw  Blades 
Hack  Saw  Frames 
Hand,  Panel,  and  Rip  aaws 
Hedge  Shears 

Ice  Saws 

Inserted  Tooth 
Circular  Saws 

Keyhole  Saws 
Kitchen  Saws 

Knives — Cane,  Corn,  Hedge 
Knives — Circular — for  Cork, 

Cloth,  Leather,  Paper,  etc. 
Knives— Machine 
Levels — Carpenters'  and  Masons 
Machetes 
Mandrels 

Milling  Saws  for  Metal 
Mitre-box  Saws 
Mitre  Rods 

One-man  Cross-cut  Saws 
Plumbs  arid  Levels 
Plumbers'  Saws 
Pruning  Saws 
Re-saws 
Saw  Clamps  and  Filing  Guides 

Saw  Gummers 

Saw-sets 

Saw  Screws 

Screw  Drivers 
Screw-slotting  Saws 
Segment  Saws 
Shingle  Saws 
Slate  Saws — Circular 
Squares — Try'  and  Mitre 
Stave  Saws 
Sugar  Beet  Knives 
Swages 

Tools  for  Repairing  Saws 
Tool  Steel 
Trowels— Brick,  Plastering, 

Pointing,  etc. 
Veneering  Saws 
Webs — Turning  and  Felloe 


SAWS    TOOLS    FILES 


i 


(TTTTTTTTTT 


PMWIU1W1UU 


|lll|iillll|[llllliMnrTinTrTTr!iii!iii!ii!Miinii|iiiii|i!i|i|||[ii|iiiiiiiiH!ii|iiiiii';iiiMiHi!i!:-^ 


intered  July  22, 1 91 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 

Acceptance  for  mailinc  at  special   rate  of  postage   provided  for  id    Section   1103,   act   of 
October  3.  1017.  authorized  on  July  S.   1918. 


1  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  T'nivod  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  Am  "rim.  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established   in    1SS1 
Vol.   XLII— No.   2 


INDIANAPOLIS,  FEBRUARY,   1922 


One   Dollar   Per   Year 
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My  friend,  have  you  heard  of  the  town  of 
Yawn 

On  the  banks  of  the  River  Slow, 
Where  blooms  the  Waitawhile  flower  fair, 
And   the   Some-time-or-other   scents   the   air, 

And  the  soft  Go-easys  grow? 

It  lies  in  the  valley  of  What's-the-use, 

In  the  province  of  Let-her-slide ; 
That  old  "tired  feeling"  is  native  there 
It's  the  home  of  the  listless  I  Don't  care — 
Where  the  Put-it-off  s  abide. 

The  Put-it-offs  smile  when  asked  to  pay  up, 

And  they  say,  "We'll  do  it  to-morrow"; 
And  so  they  delay  from  day  until  day, 
Till  death  slides  up  and  steals  them  away, 
And   the   creditors   beg,   steal,    or   borrow. 

—Walter  Pulitzer  in  N.  Y.  Globe. 


14  THE    CARPENTER 

WHY    IS   IT? 

(By  Second  General  Vice-President  Geo.  H.  Lakey.) 

HY  it  is  that  at  Chicago  a  so-called  "Citizens  Committee"  composed 
of  bankers,  real  estate  men,  lawyers,  doctors,  department  store  own- 
ers and  everything  but  working  men  have  organized  and  are  setting 
themselves  up  as  the  "guardians"  of  the  building  public  (self-ap- 
pointed at  that,  mind  you),  and  have  the  Contractors'  Associations, 
who  employ  men  of  all  crafts  necessary  to  carry  out  one  of  the  most 
extensive  building  programs  ever  contemplated;  in  such  a  position  that  they,  the 
employers,  have  not  the  right  to  meet  and  deal  with  their  own  employes  without 
asking  permission  from  this  self-appointed  Citizens  Committee,  and  complying  with 
a  set  of  rules,  or  so-called  "principles"  laid  down  by  these  self-styled  guardians  of. 
the  peoples'  interest,  and  as  Hennessey  would  say  to  Dooley,  "What  are  these  princi- 
ples?" "What  are  these  rules?"  Ah!  there  you  are;  the  first  one.  of  course,  is  the 
open  shop,  or  in  other  words,  closed  shop  against  the  union  man,  and  worked  out  in 
such  a  manner  that  they  permit  certain  employers  to  make  agreements  with  some 
of  the  unions,  and  refuse  to  do  so  with  the  others ;  then  let  the  unions  fight  it  out 
among  themselves,  and  so  long  as  they  can  keep  them  doing  that  their  own  troubles 
are  minimized. 

Then,  they  find  that  the  rules  of  the  unions  are  bad,  and  they  get  a  Federal 
judge  who  hasn't  much  to  do  except  to  act  as  Supreme  Court  for  the  baseball  inter- 
ests, or  a  judge  at  a  baby  show,  and  a  thousand  other  things  that  people  who 
haven't  much  to  do  can  find,  and  in  a  few  weeks,  or  months  if  you  please,  to  cure 
all  the  ills  of  the  building  trades,  reshape  these  rules,  readjust  their  wages,  and  at 
that  downward — sure;  there  you  are. 

But  then,  there  are  other  ways  of  destroying  the  morale  of  the  union  member- 
ship, by  helping  the  employers  to  destroy  the  apprenticeship  rules,  and  establish  one 
of  helpers ;  that  is  fine ;  if  your  roof  needs  patching  you  have  to  get  a  carpenter  and 
a  helper  to  fit  in  a  few  shingles,  then  when  the  owner  receives  the  bill  the  charges 
are  for  two  men,  and  on  the  bill  they  are  both  journeymen,  but  the  men  themselves 
know  the  difference,  the  owner  feels  it,  the  contractor  profits  by  it,  and  this  idea  m 
promoted  by  a  so-called  "Impartial  Wage  Board"  at  San  Francisco. 

Now  then,  we  hold  for  the  following  principles :  First,  the  right  of  collective 
bargaining,  the  right  to  have  something  to  say  as  to  what  our  wages  shall  be,  on 
what  basis  they  shall  be  figured,  and  the  right  to  tell  the  world  that  Ave  are  not 
satisfied  with  a  mere  living  wage,  for  when  we  are  young  we  are  helpers;  a  few 
years  while  we  are  active  and  competent  we  are  journeymen,  and  then  we  become 
general  nuisances — superannuated. 

We  want  a  wage  scale  so  arranged  that  during  the  period  of  journeyman  ship 
we  get.  something  for  the  years  we  had  to  work  for  almost, nothing  to  get  that  far, 
and  something  to  provide  for  the  day  when  the  insurance  companies  class  us  as 
hazards. 

Second,  we  want  the  right  to  make  our  own  rules,  so  long  as  those  rules  are 
within  the  law  and  reasonable,  and  the  writer  has  never  known  a  union  to  undertake 
to  make  a  rule  unless  there  was  some  mighty  good  reason  for  it. 

For  instance,  some  localities  have  rules  that  prohibit  their  members  from  work- 
ing on  a  building  unless  the  proper  building  protection  is  put  in,  and  in  manj 
instances  we  have  had  to  go  to  the  State  Legislatures,  City  Councils,  etc.,  asking 
that  there  be  incorporated  in  the  building  laws,  or  codes  stringent  measures  for 
building  protection. 

Why  do  we  do  this? 

When  sky-scrapers  first  came  into  vogue  they  ran  up  many  stories  of  steel  frame 
work ;  some  men  working  above  with  heavy  tools,  and  other  men  working  below ;  ai 
tool  dropped  it  went  clear  through  the  building,  and  possibly  through  one  of  the  nienr 
below;  they  called  the  ambulance  and  took  that  man  either  to  the  hospital  or  to  the; 
morgue,  the  steward  on  the  job  notified  the  family,  and  that  was  the  end  of  it, 
excepting  that  his  wife  could  start  to  take  in  washing  the  day  after  the  funeral  to< 
support  the  kids.    Were  we  wrong  in  asking  for  such  a  rule? 


TH'E     CARPENTER  15 

Again  we  make  rules  for  apprentices.  We  say  that  the  American  boy  should  be 
given  a  chance  to  learn  a  trade,  and  to  learn  it  thoroughly,  and  we  make  stringent 
apprentice  rules,  and  here  is  the  reason  why: 

"We  found  that  an  employer  would  take  a  young,  active  boy  and  he  kept  him 
driving  the  wagon  and  hauling  material  around  from  one  job  to  another  as  long  as 
he  could,  then  he  put  him  to  nailing  on  sheathing  and  kept  him  at  that  as  long  as 
he  could,  and  when  the  boy  got  tired  of  that  sort  of  stuff  ho  quit  and  went  to  work 
for  another  contractor  posing  as  a  journeyman,  and  after  he  had  been  kicked  and 
cuffed  around  for  a  number  of  years  he  really  thought  he  was  a  journeyman. 

We  think  that  our  boys  are  entitled  to  a  better  chance  than  this,  and  we  say 
to  the  contractor,  that  boy  is  working  for  a  small  wage  and  he  should  be  given  a 
chance  at  all  the  different  branches  of  carpentry  that  go  into  the  makeup  of  a 
building:  that  somebody  should  have  a  definite  interest  in  that  boy.  and  that,  that 
somebody  should  be  the  contractor,  the  foreman  on  the  job  and  the  members  of 
the  union. 

In  Chicago  they  had  the  finest  apprenticeship  system  in  the  world  for  the  reason 
that  it  provided  that  the  boy  should  work  nine  months  out  of  the  year  on  the  job, 
and  during  the  months  of  January,  February  and  March  he  should  go  to  school. 
The  unions  co-operated  with  the  contractors  and  the  School  Board  in  seeing  to  it 
that  special  training  was  given  the  boy  during  the  three  months  at  school  so  that 
at  the  end  of  the  four  year  period  the  boy  would  have  had  three  years  actual  experi- 
ence on  the  job  and  one  year  special  technical  training  that  would  fit  him  to  be  a 
real  journeyman.  His  wages  were  arranged  in  such  a  manner  that  they  were  paid 
in  fifty-two  (52)  weekly  installments,  so  that  he  got  his  pay  while  he  was  going  to 
school,  and'  for  every  day  he  niissed  school,  without  a  doctor's  certificate  or  a  very 
satisfactory  excuse,  he  would  have  to  make  it  up  in  the  finish  for  the  contractor  at 
any  rate  of  wages  he  may  see  fit  to  pay  him,  and  when  he  had  finished  his  appren- 
ticeship with  this  contractor  he  had  to  appear  before  the  Arbitration  Board,  com- 
posed of  five  (5)  contractors  and  five  (5)  journeymen,  and  satisfy  that  Board  that 
he  had  received  the  proper  training,  and  if  it  was  found  that  the  contractor  had  not 
given  that  boy  the  proper  training,  the  Board  was  empowered  to  place  him,  the  boy, 
with  another  contractor,  at  any  rate  of  wages  the  contractor  was  willing  to  pay 
him,  and  then  make  the  contractor  that  apprenticed  him,  pay  the  difference  between 
that  and  the  going  rate  of  wages. 

Now,  do  you  wonder  that  we  had  to  make  those  rules,  and  is  it  any  wonder  that 
some  of  the  contractors  complain  that  the  rules  were  unreasonably  hard  on  them? 
We  don't  think  so.  and  in  the  long  run  we  are  quite  sure  that  the  contractors  will 
regret  the  neglect  of  a  proper  apprentice  system,  and  I  think  many  of  them  do  right 
now. 

The  wi'iter  does  not  undertake  to  say  that  the  unions  are  infallible;  that  they 
do  not  make  mistakes — they  do.  but  the  man  who  undertakes  to  say  that  some  of 
the  so-called  "Radical  Rules"  are  the  outgrowth  of  selfishness  would  do  well  to 
give  study  to  the  reason  why  those  rules  are  adopted.  For  instance,  some  trades 
undertake  to  regulate  the  amount  of  work  a  man  should  do  in  a  working  day.  This 
sounds  like  a  radical  rule,  and  it  is  a  ride  that  very  seldom  creeps  into  our  organi- 
zation, but  with  some  trades  the  Avork  is  of  such  a  character  that  a  certain  number 
of  yards  of  work  can  be  accomplished  in  a  day.  Along  comes  an  exceptionally 
active.  industrious  young  fellow  and  he  nearly  doubles  the  ordinary  amount  of  work 
that  could  be  accomplished  by  the  avergae  men ;  immediately  the  employer  under- 
takes to  set,  as  a  day's  work,  the  amount  of  work  accomplished  by  this  exceptional 
7iian,  and  in  retaliation  for  that  sort  of  attitude  came  the  ride  from  the  average  man 
that  they  will  sec  the  amount  of  work  that  the  average  man  can  accomplish  and 
call  that  a  day's  work. 

I  could  go  on  and  cite  any  number  of  so-called  radical  rules,  but  don't  forget 
£his;  that  if  it  was  not  for  an  aggravated  situation  on  the  part  of  one  party  to  an 
agreement  tl!ose  radical  rules  would  not  be  brought  out  by  the  other  party  to  the 
agreement. 

■  We  would  much  rather  get  along  with  our  employers,  feeling  that  if  the  employer 
jg. successful  in  business  we  would  have  steady  work,  and  as  fair  a  wage  as  we 
c0ald  make  him  pay.      We  have  no  desire  to  always  be  at  loggerheads  with  our 


16 


THE     CARPENTER 


employers,  but  we  surely  do  have  to  put  our  shoulder  to  the  wheel  to  resist  these 
so-called  Impartial  Wage  Reduction  Boards  and  Citizens  Committees,  whose  pur- 
pose- are  well  known  to  us. 

Let  os  point  out  this  fact  to  our  members.  That  any  city  or  town  that  has  a 
large  percentage  of  the  best  mechanics  in  the  town  in  the  union  very  seldom  suf- 
fer an  attack  on  the  part  of  the  employers.  If  the  members  in  the  union  keep  in 
mind  the  purpose  for  which  they  are  organized  and  do  not  have  their  activities 
diverted  by  side  issues  that  undertake  to  inject  themselves  into  our  very  lives,  and 
without   our   asking,    then   our  unions   are   strong. 

Remember,  there  will  never  be  peace  so  long  as  the  employer  is  trying  to  hold 
us  down  to  what  he  calls  "A  Living  Wage-'  and  which  to  us  appears  to  be  a  mere 
subsistence.  We  are  not  satisfied  with  that,  and  so  long  as  one  party  to  an  agree- 
ment is  not  satisfied,  there  can  be  no  peace,  but  if  we  keep  at  it  long  enough,  and 
with  spirit  enough,  we  can  make  him  understand  that  we  will  go  a  whole  lot 
farther  with  him  and  accomplish  much  better  results  if  we  were  satisfied ;  maybe 
then  he  will  make  up  his  mind  to  be  satisfied  himself  with  a  reasonable  profit  and 
give  us  a  chance  to  live. 

That  is  why  we  are  constantly  hammering  at  the  membership  to  get  into  the 
organization  those  who  properly  belong  there,  and  to  explain  to  those  who  do  not 
attend  the  meetings  as  regularly  as  they  should,  that  belonging  to  the  union  means 
a  whole  lot  more  than  "How  much  wages  can  we  get."  We  have  other  obligations 
that  are  very  important  to  us.  One  of  them  is  to  see  that  our  boys  get  a  chance 
to  learn  the  trade  as  it  should  be.  and  the  other  is  that  in  our  declining  years  we 
do  not  be  cast  on  the  junk  heap,  or  classed  as  general  nuisances. 

We  owe  a  duty  to  those  boys,  and  we  owe  a  duty  to  the  men  whose  hair  has 
grown  gray  at  the  trade,  and  we  are  going  to  honestly  discharge  our  duty ;  we 
will  do  it  altogether  if  we  can,  but  we  will  do  it  if  there  is  only  a  handful  of  us 
left  to  carry  out  that  principle. 


SOME  ADVICE  AND  SUGGESTIONS  FROM  THE  SECRETARY  01 

JAMES  J.  DAVIS 


LABOR 


seem 


me 


X  looking  over  the  great 
ranks  of  the  American 
workers,  as  one  sees  them 
from  the  angle  of  the  De- 
partment of  Labor,  the 
great  need  of  the  hour 
to  be  good  will  and  the 
willingness  to  co-operate.  And  the  great 
obstacle  to  this  is  a  radical  minority  in 
those  ranks,  inside  and  outside  the 
bounds  of  labor  organizations.  This  un- 
ruly inclined  group  is  too  small  to  be 
called  even  a  minority.  It  is  an  element. 
But  it  is  large  enough  to  cripple  much 
of  the  work  of  the  many  great  and  good 
leaders  of  our  workers  who  by  their  fair- 
ness and  good  sense  are  doing  so  much 
to  stabilize  our  country  during  an  econ- 
omic storm. 

More  than  once  I  have  been  called  in. 
as  a  disinterested  party  with  the  moral 
weight  of  the  country  behind  me,  to  help 
settle  industrial  disputes,  and  have  seen 
those  disputes  prolonged  and  lost  to  the 
workers  involved  because  of  some  un- 
ruly element  in  their  ranks  that  refused 
anything  approaching  a  fair  adjustment, 
the  leaders  representing  the 
irkcn  ib  these  disputes  have  been  fair- 


minded.  They  have  seen  the  problem 
as  it  looks  to  the  other  side.  They  have 
been  willing  to  make  fair  concessions  in 
return  for  fan-  concessions.  They  have* 
come  into  the  council  chamber  filled 
with  the  spirit  of  conciliation.  And  in 
this  attitude  they  have  represented  the 
vast  majority  of  their  worker  consti- 
tuents. But  too  often  the  unruly  few  in 
their  ranks  have  double-crossed  their 
leaders'  efforts,  by  refusing  to  stand  for 
any  concessions  whatever  in  the  spirit 
of  fairness  and  equity.  With  them  it 
has  been  whole  hog  or  nothing.  And 
by  their  clamor  they  have  often  utterly 
crippled  the  good  work  of  their  leaders. 

For  nine  months  I  have  been   Secre- 
tary   of    Labor,    and    time    and    again    I 
have  seen  this  crippling  process  pushed 
and  these  settlements  spoiled  by  a  rad- 
ical element.     Hence  I  cannot  escape  the  ! 
conviction  that  the  foremost  duty  of  all  I 
organizations  of  workers  is  to  root  out  I 
this  element.     Especially  at  a  time  bike  i 
this,  when  we  must  all  work  together  tc 
climb   out  of  this  industrial   stagnation 
it  is  more  than  ever  necessary  for  us  a} 
to    work    and    pull    together.      The   bes 
interests  of  the  labor  organizations  res 


T  II  K     C  A II  PENTER 


1 


n  a  hearty  backing  up  of  their  loaders. 
'Stand  by  your  officers"  is  a  slogan  that 
should  be  uppermost  in  every  worker's 
mind.  Team-work  alone  brings  results. 
Second  only  to  this  in  importance  is 
the  need  of  every  worker's  doing  a  good, 
honest  day's  work  for  his  pay.  To  say 
this,  is  not  to  support  some  industrial 
tyranny.  It  is  only  urging  upon  workers 
to  turn  out  a  fair  product  for  a  fair  re- 
turn. We  all  know  that  the  shirkers  are 
few  in  number.  But  they,  too,  are  dis- 
turbers. They  cause  a  blot  on  the  repu- 
tation of  the  organization.  They,  too, 
lay  a  heavy  burden  on  their  leaders.  In 
every  bargain  with  employers,  "they  are 
an  item  that  hurts  the  deal.  Every 
hard  worker  has  to  carry  the  shirker  on 
his  own  back.  My  counsel  to  every  or- 
ganization of  workers  in  the  country  is 
this:  "Root  out  your  unruly  radicals, 
quicken  the  few  slackers.  The  better 
you  are  when  you  come  to  a  bargain,  the 
better  the  bargain  you  drive.  And  have 
faith  in  your  officers.  Pick  your  leaders 
with  care,  but  having  picked  them,  fol- 
low them.  Trust  them.  Abide  by  what 
they  say.  Have  confidence  in  their  hon- 
esty. Then  stick  to  the  bargains  they 
drive  for  you." 

These  are  no  empty  words.  I  con- 
stantly preach  the  gospel  of  good  will  in 
industry  because  I  have  seen  the  results 
of  good  will,  both  in  industry  and  in  the 
great  world  outside.  I  am  head  of  an 
organization  founded  on  the  principle  of 
good  will,  and  the  practical  achieve- 
ments of  that  organization  for  the  im- 
provement of  the  human  lot  are  solid 
proof  of  the  practical,  paying  worth  of 
good  will. 

As  an  expression  of  that  spirit,  let  me 
point  to  Mooseheart,  the  home  and  the 
school  where  the  members  of  our  Loyal 
Order  of  Moose  maintain,  educate,  and 
fit  for  life,  1,060  orphaned  children  who 
might  otherwise  have  been  pitched  into 
the  struggle  for  life  utterly  without  help. 
When  I  was  a  puddler  of  iron  and  active 
in  my  union,  nothing  hurt  me  more  sore- 
ly than  the  tragic  results  in  a  family 
when  the  bread-winner  was  brought 
home  crippled  or  killed  by  accident,  or 
dead  from  natural  causes.  Often  the 
tiny  children,  without  more  than  the 
rudiments  of  education  and  with  no 
trade  whatever,  were  driven  out  into  the 
world  to  fight  an  unequal  battle  for  their 
bare  living.  I  have  seen  such  families 
so  dispersed  that  brothers  afterwards 
never  saw  each  other.      It  seemed  to  me 


one  of  the  most  cruel  sides  of  life,  some- 
thing unnecessary  in  a  country  like  ours. 
So,  as  foon  as  it  was  feasible,  thin 
Order  established  a  little  town  of  homes 
and  schools  for  such  children.  Ai 
Mooseheart  we  welcome  these  children 
of  our  unfortunate  members.  It  is  not 
simply  a  home  that  we  give  them,  bu1 
what  it  seems  to  me  every  child,  regard- 
less of  birth  or  education,  should  have  a 
thorough  education  to  gradual  ion  from 
high  school,  and  as  thorough  a  training 
in  whatever  trade  seemed  best  suited  to 
the  child's  abilities  and  liking. 

It  has  always  been  my  contention  that 
a  trade  is  a  splendid  asset  for  any  man. 
No  man  knows  when  misfortune  may 
overtake  him  and  sweep  away  his  sav- 
ings or  earnings  or  income — when  he 
might  become  a  public  charge,  but  for 
his  ability  to  support  himself  in  comfort 
and  dignity  by  employment  at  some  ac- 
cepted trade.  Hence  Ave  give  these 
children  at  Mooseheart  the  trade  they 
want,  and  train  them  in  it  till  they  be- 
come experts.  The  result  is  that  when 
the  child  has  reached  the  age  of  17  or 
18,  he  or  she  has  received  an  education 
as  good  as  or  better  than  any  public 
schooling  in  the  country  and  are 
equipped  to  face  the  battle  of  life  with 
the  full  means  for  self-support.  Nor  is 
this  all. 

Every  child  has  the  chance  to  use 
personal  taste  in  the  choice  of  clothing. 
Every  child,  later  on,  is  paid  something 
for  the  work  done,  and  is  taught  to  save 
the  earnings.  And  between  school  hours 
and  the  hours  in  the  shops,  we  provide 
outdoor  sports,  so  that  their  bodies  may 
be  sound,  in  order  to  contain  healthy 
minds.  We  teach  them  to  understand 
and  love  the  beautiful  things  of  life. 
In  consequence  they  go  out  in  the  world 
prepared  to  be  good  citizens  and  intelli- 
gent companions.  If  they  have  ability 
above  the  average,  they  may  go  on  to 
college  and  into  professional  careers. 
But  whatever  be  the  measure  of  success 
that  may  come  to  them,  we  have  en- 
dowed them  with  the  power  to  make 
the  most  of  themselves  and  of  life.  I 
know  they  are  going  to  do  much  more 
good  in  the  world  than  we  have  taught 
them  to  do.  We  have  only  sowed  in 
them  the  seed  of  good  will.  They  will 
find  more  effective  ways  of  giving  than 
good  will  practical  expression.  So  the 
good  work  will  perpetually  expand. 

You  may  say  that  a  spirit,  like  the 
spirit  of  good  will,  is  a  mere  feeling  that 


18 


THE     CARPENTER 


cornes  to  nothing — a  string  of  sweet- 
sounding  words.  I  know  it  to  be  an 
actual  force  in  the  world,  capable  of  the 
most  practical  and  enduring  results.  I 
know  that  because  I  daily  see  these  re- 
sults. Almost  daily  I  have  seen  the 
spirit  of  good  will  settle  protracted  dis- 
putes in  industry,  so  that  the  men  who 
had  been  in  dispute  were  glad  to  have 
yielded  a  little  point  here  and  there,  in 
order  to  gain  the  great  good  of  harmony 
and  contentment  and  steady  work. 

It  is  no  idle  saying  that  we  must  have 
the  get-together  spirit  in  our  American 
industry.  Nothing  else  will  make  it 
prosper.  And  nothing  will  create  that 
spirit  but  the  will-power  of  every  one  of 


us.      Hence  my   constant  counsel  to  the 
organization  man  to   drop  his  grouches, 
and   see   that   his  brother  workers   drop' 
their    grouches.       Kill    off    the    chronic! 
kicker,  the  shirker,  the  grouch,  and  the' 
radical   who   are   never   satisfied.      This 
country   has   been   largely   made   by   its 
skilled   and   honest   workers,    the   back-i 
bone  of  its  citizenship.     The  number  has! 
not  diminished.     Our  people  are  becom-i 
ing  better  and  better  workers,  and  at  the] 
same  time  better  citizens.     But  we  who  | 
work  have  more  work  to  do.     We  havei 
duties  to  perform.     And  one  of  those  du- 
ties, the  chief  of  those  duties,'  is  to  seel  I 
that  the  ranks  of  American  workers  arell 
not  sullied  by  the  presence  of  radicals,  I 
kickers  and  shirkers. 


IN  THE  NAME  OF  HUMANITY 

(By  Hugh  S.  Cumming,  Surgeon  General,  United  States  Public  Health  Service.) 

nr^^,  &>$£  T   a   recent  health   confer-      wholesome  food  will  cure,  as  well  as  pre-j 
ence  in  New  York,   B.   C.       vent  infection. 


Davidson,  Secretary  of  the 
International  Association 
of  Machinists,  said : 
"YvHiat  the  worker  wants 
is  to  knoAv  the  truth  about,  venereal 
diseases."  A  venereal  disease  is  nothing 
short  of  a  calamity  to  a  worker,  because 
it  affects  the  creative  impulse  which  is 
the  laborer's  greatest  asset.  And  after 
all,  the  worker  pays  the  price  in  money 
and  in  health.  The  industry  may  pro- 
vide the  necessary  medical  treatment 
and  give  information  about  the  disease 
to  its  employes,  but  the  industry  can 
pass  on  the  cost  of  these  measures  to  the 
consumer  of  its  products.  Because  the 
laborer  must  pay  the  price,  he  wants  to 
know  the  facts,  and  for  this  reason  the 
International  Association  of  Machinists 
and  other  labor  organizations  are  gladly 
co-operating  with  the  Government  in  an 
effort  to  get  correct  information  about 
these  diseases  before  their  members." 

The  Public  Health  Service  and  the 
State  Boards  of  Health  believe  that  one 
of  the  best  methods  of  preventing  and 
controlling  a  disease  is  to  tell  people  "the 
truth"  about  it — what  its  effects  are, 
how  it  is  contracted,  how  it  may  be 
avoided  and  how  cured.  Yellow  fever 
and  malaria  are  fast  losing  their  terrors 
because  people  know  that  exterminating 
the  mosquito  which  carries  the  infection 
will  prevent  the  spread  of  the  disease. 
Tuberculosis,  even,  is  ceasing  to  be  the 
menace  it  formerly  was,  now  that  people 
know  that  rest,  sunshine,  fresh  air,  and 


And  so  with  venereal  diseases.     Thes< 
diseases  may  affect  the  lungs  and  heart 
and  nerves,  they  sometimes  cause  blind 
ness,    creeping   palalysis,    and    even   in-! 
sanity. 

To  acquaint  people  with  the  facta 
about  venereal  diseases,  the  Public 
Health  Service  and  the  State  Boards  of 
Health  are  distributing  pamphlets,  post 
ing  placards,  sending  out  lecturers,  and| 
showing  motion  pictures  and  exhibits'. 
The  pamphlets  have  been  prepared  for 
special  groups  as  follows:  A — -for  men. 
B — for  the  general  public.  C — for  boys. 
D — for  parents.  E — for  girls.  F — for 
educators. 

They  may  be  secured  upon  request! 
from  the  State  Board  of  Health  at  the] 
state  capital  or  from  the  Public  Health 
Service  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

These  diseases  are  contagious,  and  in 
fected  persons  need  prompt  medical  at 
tention  to  prevent  their  passing  on  in 
fection  to  others.     For  this  reason,  and 
because  adequate  treatment  is  both  ex- 
pensive   and    difficult    to    secure,    clinics- 
where  free  or  inexpensive  treatment  is] 
given  have  been  established  throughout 
the  country.     Hundreds  of  letters  are  re-M 
ceived  daily  by  the  Public  Health  Service! 
and  the  State  Boards  of  Health  from  per-j 
sons    asking    for    addresses    of    clinics.j.1 
pamphlets,    and   information    of   various 
kinds. 

The  work  of  telling  people  "the  truth'' 
about   these   diseases   cannot  be   accom-, 1 
plished  by  the  Government  and  the  State 


THE     CARPENTER 


19 


lards  of  Health  alone.  They  have 
:  ther  funds  nor  personnel  to  carry  on 
( ampaign  which  must  eventually  reach 
>ry  man  and  woman,  every  boy  and 
1  in  America.  They  can  reach  only  a 
v  groups  in  every  community,  and  it 
its  with  these  "key"  organizations  of 
n  and  women  to  carry  the  work  fur- 
•r.  For  this  reason  associations  of 
rents  and  teachers,  churches,  libraries, 
.tors  of  newspapers,  fraternal  and  la- 
t  journals,  and  many  labor,  industrial, 
d  commercial  groups  have  been  ap- 
)ached. 

During  the  first  four  months  of  1921, 
i  Government  and  State  Boards  of 
•alth  have  made  a  special  effort  to  tell 
Mnbers  of  Organized  Labor  about  these 
ieases    and    the   need    for    eradicating 


them.  The  response  to  the  request  for 
co-operating  has  been  most  gratify 
Nearly  one  hundred  labor  Journals  and 
papers  have  promised  to  give  publicity 
to  the  work  and  are  devoting  space  to 
items  on  the  fight  against  these  diseases. 
More  than  1,500  Locals  of  labor  organi- 
zations have  asked  the  Public  Health 
Service  for  pamphlets  and  other  infor- 
mation. The  Public  Health  Service  is 
now  sending  a  special  message  from  the 
Surgeon-General  to  the  Secretary  of  any 
labor  union  wishing  to  read  it  at  a  local 
meeting. 

It  is  only  by  enlisting  the  active,  in- 
telligent interest  of  every  man  and  wo- 
man in  the  country  that  this  nation-wide 
movement  against  these  diseases  can  ul- 
timately be  successful. 


WHAT'S  THE  PROGRAM? 

(By  TV.   A.   Black.) 


hundred  years  seems  a 
long  time  when  we  look 
ahead.  The  possibilities 
and  probabilities  that  lie 
in  the  coming  century 
may  be  vaguely  guessed 
by  a  review  of  the  past  hundred  3rears. 
is  good  to  pause  for  a  moment  to  re- 
?w  and  sum  up  the  gains  and  losses. 
le  whole  story  of  industry  in  America, 
Organized  Labor  and  of  the  develop- 
ent  of  the  relations  of  the  two  lies 
[thin  this  eventful  last  century.  There 
as  not  a  mile  of  railroad  a  hundred 
;ars  ago.  The  telegraph  and  telephone 
id  electrical  development  in  general 
.me  in  this  period.  Our  wonderful 
rricultural  implements  have  all  come 
ithin  three  generations.  The  telephone 
|'  common  everywhere  today  is  but  a 
•oduct  of  yesterday.  Less  than  fifty 
?ars  ago  the  first  phone  was  installed. 
;venty-five  years  cover  the  history  of 
i.e  automobile.  It  is  but  yesterday  the 
ibmarine  and  the  aeroplane  appeared, 
here  seems  to  be  no  limit  to  our  cre- 
ive  faculties  in  the  mechanical  line. 
[lie  impelling  force  is  to  eliminate  time 
id  space.  We  crave  to  save  labor.  The 
hole  system  of  what  we  call  business 
•day  exists  because  it  saves  work.  Man 
ives  time  by  exchanging  what  he  pro- 
aces  better  than  the  other  man  can,  for 
ie  other  man's  products. 
Lai  Mir  has  its  century  of  history.  It 
an  integral  part  of  the  development  of 
idustry  and  trade.  We  were  still  an 
gricultural  people  a  hundred  years  ago. 


There  were  no  cities  to  speak  of.  New 
York  City  was  not  as  large  as  San  An- 
tonio or  Dallas.  There  were  no  great 
industries.  The  journeyman  and  em- 
ployer worked  side  by  side.  They  were 
still  close  together.  They  knew  each 
other  and  each  other's  families.  There 
was  independence  because  the  worker 
could  go  out  and  work  on  the  land  any 
time  he  wanted  to.  It  was  in  plenty 
then. 

The  labor  unions  came  into  existence 
as  the  need  arose.  The  history  of  Or- 
ganized Labor  in  America  really  dates 
from  about  1825.  It  is  true  there  had 
been  some  Locals  organized  for  fifty 
years  previous  to  that.  The  earlier 
movements  were  but  as  the  planting  of 
the  seed  that  grew  into  the  later  Organ- 
ized Labor  movement.  The  first  Nation- 
al Union  was  effected  in  1S50,  just  sev- 
enty years  ago.  In  fact  it  was  not  until 
after  the  Civil  War  that  great  impetus 
was  given  to  industry  and  Organized  La- 
bor. It  is  well  to  emphasize  and  repeat 
one  important  fact.  As  industry  de- 
veloped and  grew  and  became  more  and 
more  impersonal  the  need  of  organiza- 
tion of  the  wage  earners  became  a  prime 
necessity.  As  long  as  the  need  exists 
organization  of  workers  will  continue. 
Attack  can  not  break  it  down.  Attacks 
may  weaken  the  oi'ganization  at  times, 
may  even  show  the  marks  of  disintegra- 
tion, but  as  long  as  there  is  need  for 
co-operative  working  together  men  of  in- 
telligence will  stand  by  each  other  in  the 
labor  union. 


- 


i  ;:  E     C  A  F.PE.N  T  t  K 


During  this  less  than  century  of  Or- 
ganized Labor  wonderful  development 
has  taken  place.  The  three  things  usual- 
ly emphasized  are  shorter  hours,  better 
working  conditions  and  wages.  Every 
step  to  advance  either  of  these  factors 
has  been  resisted.  The  worker  can 
measure  his  comforts  by  his  pay  en- 
velope, by  the  hours  and  working 
conditions  and  how  they  may  effect 
his  health.  So  hours  of  work  and  condi- 
tions of  work  and  wages  will  continue  to 
be  the  irritating  cause  of  friction. 

While  the  condition,  hours  and  wages 
for  work  are  the  irritating  causes  of  dis- 
pute the  real  causes  lie  deeper.  The 
greatest  good  accomplished  by  the  or- 
ganization of  workers  has  been  educa- 
tional This  education  has  been  rais- 
ing the  standard  of  general  intelligence. 
The  very  earliest  platforms  of  Organized 
Labor  were  progressive  and  in  advance 
of  the  time.  It  touched  upon  political 
and  personal  life.  It  is  in  these  plat- 
forms that  we  touch  upon  the  real  un- 
derlying causes  that  labor  must  act  up- 
on. Quoting  from  John  Mitchell,  the 
early  policy  of  the  union  may  be  summed 
up  as  follows : 

'The  freedom  of  the  public  domain,  a 
homestead  law,  the  grant  to  the  settlers 
of  the  right  to  the  land,  the  making  of 
homesteads  inahenable.  a  national  bank- 
rupt law.  a  mechanic's  lien  law.  the 
abolition  of  imprisonment  for  debt,  the 
equality  of  women  with  men.  the  aboli- 
tion of  chattel  slavery,  the  limitation  of 
the  ownership  of  land  to  160  acres  per 
man.  the  abolition  of  monopoly,  and  the 
right  of  the  Government  to  carry  the 
mails  on  Sunday.  The  workmen  also 
demanded  free  and  universal  education 
as  a  step  toward  the  emancipation  and 
elevation  of  their  class. " 

Every  program  of  today  must  be  kept 
true  with  the  unaccomplished  principles 
enumerated.  No  one  will  advise  letting 
up  on  the  struggle  for  hours  and  condi- 
tions of  work  and  wages.  It  is  still  more 
important   to   work   and   work   continu- 


ously for  the  removal  of  the  underlying 
cause-  of  these  business  struggles.  The 
workingman  wants  freedom  and  he  must 
have  it.  Not  only  freedom  of  contract, 
but  freedom  of  action  of  all  kinds. 

The  pioneers  of  the  movement  saw 
that  the  monopoly  of  the  earth  was  the 
danger  ahead.  Land  was  cheap  in  th 
days :  it  could  almost  be  had  for  t 
asking,  but  in  those  early  days  he 
manded  that  the  limitations  should 
160  acres.  They  saw  the  dangers 
monopoly  and  insisted  upon  its  be: 
removed.  It  is  encouraging  and  hope 
that  the  pioneers  of  the  labor  movement 
nearly  a  century  ago  saw  the  funda- 
mental basis  on  which  progress  must 
be  made.  It.  also  emphasizes  the  re- 
sponsibility of  the  men  of  today  to  go 
forward  and  carry  out  this  progra: 
There  should  be  no  let  up  to  the  remo 
of  monopoly  and  privilege.  This  m 
stand  out  clearly  as  the  battle  cry 
every  Organized  Labor  man. 
growth  and  development  of  democracy 
depends  upon  it.  Tnere  can  be  no  evad- 
ing of  the  question. 

The  season  for  labor  Conventions  is 
here.  In  each  the  work  of  the  past  year 
will  be  reviewed.  Many  a  Local  fight 
will  be  recited  and  reasons  given  for  the 
victory  or  defeat.  It  will  still  be  a  re- 
port on  those  immediate  causes  of 
trouble,  "wages,  conditions  and  hours. 
The  labor  Conventions  of  the  near  future. 
will  be  given  more  and  more  to  attacks 
of  monopoly  and  privilege,  political  ac- 
tion for  principle  rather  than  for  party. 
Labor  will  test  its  friends  by  what  they 
stand  for  and  not  what  they  may  claim 
to  stand  for.  Organized  Labor  in  the 
United  States  has  an  honorable  record 
of  a  century.  That  record  carries  op- 
portunity and  responsibility  and  as  laboi 
uses  its  opportunities  and  meets  its  ob- 
ligations of  the  hour  it  will  go  down  tc 
defeat  or  on  to  final  victory.  Destiny 
is  in  the  hands  of  labor.  The  hour  is 
here  and  pregnant  with  great  things 
Great  men  must  rise  to  the  occasion. 


.Lem   b; 


BOTTT  one  hundred  and 
sixty  years  ago  a  great 
period  of  unrest  prevailed 
throughout  this  country. 
The  Colonists  were  tiring 
of   the   yoke    thrust   upon 

;at    Britain.      But  the   king 


THE  NATION'S  MENACE 
(By  Eay  Vera  Maple.) 

and  parliament  cared  not  for  this.  Th* 
Colonists  objected  to  trial  without  jury 
To  crush  out  this  spirit  of  freedom.  th< 
sugar  act,  which  placed  a  tax  of  6d.  t 
gallon  on  molasses  and  5s.  per  hundret 
weight .  on  sugar,  and  the  stamp  tax 
which  provided  that  all  legal  document; 


T  II  K     C  A  R  l>  E  N  T  K  II 


21 


should  bear  a  stamp  to  be  paid  for  by  the 
Colonists,  were  imposed  upon  them  with- 
out their  consent.  The  Colonists  drew 
up  resolutions  protesting  against  these 
measures  without  avail.  They  issued  a 
declaration  of  rights,  but  it  was  unheed- 
ed. They  were  answered  by  the  Town- 
send  acts,  which  forbade  the  legislatures 
from  passing  any  more  laws  until  suit- 
able quarters  were  provided  for  the  royal 
troops ;  established  a  Board  of  Commis- 
sioners of  the  custom  to  enforce  the  laws 
relating  to  trade,  and  laid  a  tax  on  glass, 
lead,  painters'  colors,  paper  and  tea. 
This  was  too  much  for  the  Colonists  and 
discouraged  by  all  their  peaceful  efforts 
to  have  their  conditions  improved,  they 
went  out  on  a  strike,  even  to  the  extent 
of  using  violence  and  the  Boston  riot  of 
March  5,  1770,  took  place.  This  did  not 
check  the  king  in  his  efforts  to  hold  the 
Colonists  in  chains  and  large  shiploads 
of  tea  were  shipped  over  purposely  to 
force  the  Colonists  to  pay  the  tax.  But 
their  spirits  were  aroused,  they  were  be- 
ginning to  awaken  to  their  perils  and 
they  declared  another  strike,  organized 
(a  labor  union?),  the  Boston  Tea  Party 
and  threw  all  of  the  tea  overboard.  Still 
the  king  could  not  see  what  trouble  he 
was  brewing  for  himself;  still  he  could 
not  realize  that  it  is  impossible  to  crush 
a  freedom  loving  spirit.  Consequently 
he  thrust  upon  the  Colonists  the  five  in- 
tolerable acts.  Seeing  that  nothing 
would  prevail  the  Colonists  called  the 
First  Continental  Congress,  drew  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  took  up 
arms  against  Great  Britain,  with  the  re- 
sult that  she  was  overwhelmingly  de- 
feated and  the  Colonists  gained  their 
independence. 

About  one  hundred  years  ago  another 
period  of  unrest  began  to  arise  in  this 
country.  Throughout  the  South  the 
negro  was  held  in  bondage.  Large  num- 
bers of  freedom  loving  men  were  begin- 
ning to  feel  that  this  was  wrong.  This 
condition  was  presented  to  the  Southern 
slaveholders,  but  they  paid  no  attention 
to  it.  Efforts  were  made  to  settle  this 
issue  peaceably  aud  by  legislation 
through  the  Missouri  compromise,  but 
this  had  no  effect.  To  all  measures  that 
were  offered,  the  slaveholders  turned  a 
deaf  ear.  To  fortify  themselves  they  se- 
cured the  fugitive  slave  law,  the  Kansas- 
Nebraska  bill  and  the  infamous  Dred 
Scott  decision.  But  freedom  was  still 
alive  and  the  immortal  Lincoln  was 
elected  President  in  1860.     At  this  point 


the  Southern  slaveholders  were  so  ar- 
rogant as  to  think  that  they  could  se- 
cede, set  up  a  government  of  their  own 
and  forever  hold  the  negro  in  slavery  un- 
molested. But  alas,  how  they  did  de~ 
ceive  themselves.  They  brought  on  a 
bloody  and  expensive  Civil  War.  in 
which  they  were?  completely  defeated 
and  the  negro  slave  was  given  his  free- 
dom. 

Today  unrest  is  sweeping  over  the 
land.  The  working  classes  are  aroused. 
For  years  they  have  seen  the  greater 
part  of  the  gain  brought  about  by  their 
toil  go  into  the  hands  of  the  employers. 
For  years  in  spite  of  their  wage  in- 
creases they  have  found  themselves  but 
little  better  off,  clue  to  the  fact  that  the 
prices  of  life's  necessities  continually 
advanced  more  rapidly.  For  years  they 
have  been  denied  collective  bargaining 
and  proper  consideration.  During  the 
war  with  Germany,  clue  to  the  fact  that 
production  was  needed  in  abnormal 
quantities,  these  workers  did  secure  iu 
a  measure  a  few  of  their  long  fought  for 
rights.  But  as  they  did  they  sacrificed 
in  other  ways  that  the  war  might  be 
won  to  "make  the  world  safe  for  democ- 
racy." And  while  they  were  making 
these  sacrifices,  18,000  new  millionaires 
were  being  made  and  while  these  new 
millionaires  were  being  made  6,000,000 
children  were  being  improperly  cared 
for.  During  the  war  the  workers  received 
an  average  wage  increase  of  50.3  per 
cent,  but  prices  advanced  95  per  cent. 
And  -while  the  average  income  of  the 
workers  was  being  increased  50.3  per 
cent,  that  of  the  employers  increased 
202  per  cent.  These  are  the  conditions 
which  produce  this  present  unrest.  The 
working  classes  are  economically  and 
justly  entitled  to  a  certain  per  cent  of 
the  fruits  of  industry  at  all  times  and 
they  are  tired  of  seeing  this  per  cent 
grow  smaller,  while  that  per  cent  which 
goes  to.  the  employers  grows  larger.  For 
years  they  have  been  trying  peaceably 
and  orderly  to  correct  these  evil  condi- 
tions, which  are  a  curse  to  humanity. 
What  is  the  result  today  of  their  efforts'.' 
What  answer  are  they  now  receiving  to 
their  just  demands*.' 

Due  to  the  fact  that  their  wages  do 
not  increase  as  rapidly  as  prices  they 
are  unable  to  buy  back  their  share  of 
production.  The  war  stopped  ;  European 
markets  failed  to  materialize,  which  any 
sensible  man  could  have  foreseen  three 
years  ago.    Manufacturers  in  their  blind- 


22 


T  II  E     C  A  R  P  E.N'TE  R 


ness  and  gTeed  speeded  up  production 
after  the  war.  expecting  to  unload  at  im- 
mense profits  onto  Europe.  These 
markets  failing  and  the  American  w  i  .. 
ing  man  not  being  able  to  buy  his  share, 
due  to  his  insufficient  wage,  a  surplus 
product  began  to  accumulate.  Mer- 
chants seeing  ruin  staring  them  in  the 
face,  began  to  cancel  their  previous  or- 
ders. Today  §2.000.000,000  worth  of 
goods  are  tied  up  in  transit  due  to  these 
cancellations.  And  as  a  result  of  all  of 
this.  2,325,000  workingmen  are  now  in 
enforced  idleness.  Unemployment  with 
all  of  its  sufferings  is  now  sweeping  over 
the  land  like  a  forest  fire. 

Now  to  make  matters  worse,  the  re- 
actionary element  among  the  employers 
is  conducting  a  campaign  to  establish 
the  "open  shop."  It  is  not  an  open 
shop,  but  a  closed  shop  against  union 
men.  because  one  of  their  stipulations  for 
employment  is  that  the  employe  shall 
not  join,  affiliate  with  or  have  any  deal- 
ings with  a  labor  organization.  The  un- 
biased statement  of  the  Interchurch 
Movement  bears  this  out  correct.  They 
have  the  nerve  to  call  it  the  '"American 
Plan,"  when  nothing  could  be  farther 
from  real  Americanism.  Real  Ameri- 
canism is  full-fledged  democracy.  Dem- 
ocracy is  the  rule  of  the  majority  for  the 
greatest  good  for  the  people  as  a  whole. 
That  this  may  be  accomplished  it  is  nec- 
essary to  recognize  all  elements  of  so- 
ciety, allow  each  its  proper  sphere  and 
give  each  its  just  rights  and  reward. 
Be  mocracy  is  the  application  of  the  law 
of  human  progress,  which  is  association 
on  a  basis  of  equality  of  opportunity  and 
responsibility.  If  society  obeys  the  law, 
real  progress  is  made;  if  it  does  not  so- 
cial decay  sets  in.  The  great  empires  of 
Egypt.  Greece  and  Rome  ewe  their 
downfall  to  their  disobedience  of  the 
natural  law. 

Just  as  the  Colonists  demanded  recog- 
nition from  Great  Britain,  so  today  labor 
is  demanding  recognition  from  capital. 
Just  as  the  king  of  Great  Britain  an- 
swered the  Colonists  with  the  sugar  act 
and  the  stamp  aet  tax,  so  today  capital 
is  answering  labor  by  its  Bever  act  and 
the  Eseh-Cummins  bill.  As  the  Colon- 
ists protested  against  these  acts  and  is- 
sued the  Declaration  of  Rights,  so  today 
labor  has  protested  against  these  mod  n 
acts  and  issued  its  Declaration  of  Right 
As  the  Colonists  were  answered  by  the 
Townsend    acts,    so    today    labor  is    an- 


swered by   the  state  constabulary  laws, 
courts  and  garnishee  laws.    As 
the  Colonists  were  forced  to  go  on  strike 
agai:.  obnoxious  measures  by  the 

Boston  riot  and  th  Bost  m  Tea  Party, 
so  today  lal  or  is.  forced  at  times  to  go 
on  striLe  against  its  oppressors. 

As  it  was  sought  to  settle  the  negro 
slavery  question  by  the  Missouri  Coin- 
lay  labor  has  tried  repeat- 
edly to  settle  its  differences  with  capital 
by  compromise.  As  the  slaveholders  of 
the  South  only  created  more  unrest  and 
hastened  their  own  doom  by  the  passage 
of  the  fugitive  slave  law,  so  today  these 
reactionary  conservative  employers  are 
only  creating  more  unrest  and  hastening 
their  own  doom  by  advocating  and  fos- 
tering such  anti-labor  legislation  as  was 
just  mentioned  above.  And  as  a  climax 
was  brought  to  the  slavery  question  by 
the  Dred  S  :t  decision  so  it  may  be  that 
a  climax  will  be  brought  to  the  Is 
question  by  the  recent  decision  of  the  Su- 
preme Court  in  its  Duplex  Machine  Co. 
case.  But  let  us  hope,  let  u<  pray,  that 
the  close  parallel,  which  we  have  just 
accurately  drawn,  will  not  be  followed 
to  its  end.  Let  us  hope  and  pray  that  as 
it  required  the  Revolutionary  War  to 
give  the  Colonists  justice,  that  as  it  re- 
quired the  Civil  War  to  give  the  black 
man  freedom,  that  it  will  not  require 
bloodshed  or  violence  to  give  labor  jus- 
tice and  freedom. 

"With  that  end  in  view  let  labor  be 
calm,  cool  and  patient  yet  a  little  while 
longer.  Let  us  study  throughly  the  prob- 
lems that  confront  us.  Let  us  let  the 
public  know  our  side  of  the  case.  Let  us 
educate  and  organize  to  a  man.  These 
modem  industrial  kings,  these  present 
industrial  slaveholders  will  soon  run 
their  course.  The  public  will  soon  learn 
their  hypocrisy  and  deceit.  The  public 
will  soon  realize  the  importance  and  jus- 
tice of  labors  demands  and  public  senti- 
ment "will  visit  such  a  chastisement  upon 
these  advocates  of  un- American! -m  and 
industrial  autocracy,  that  they  shall 
never  recover  from  their  defeat.  But 
let  the  facts  be  made  known,  let  the 
issue  be  clearly  understood,  and  let  it  be 
known  to  all  that  this  present  period  of 
unemployment,  this  present  state  of  un- 
rest and  all  the  evil  that  comes  from  it  is 
justly  placed  at  the  doors  of  those  who 
are  today  advocating  the  "open  shop," 
the  "American  Plan,"  and  that  they  are 
t :  lav  the  nation's  menace. 


ditorial 


Official  Journal  of 

THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS   AND  JOINERS 

OF  AMERICA 


Published    on    the    loth    of  each    month   at   the 

CARPENTERS'   BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 


UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

Publishers 


FRANK  DUFFY,   Editor 


Subscription  Trice 
One  Dollar  a  Year  in  Advance,  Postpaid 

The  publishers  and  the  advertising 
agent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail= 
able  to  them  against  accepting  advertise^ 
ments  from  other  than  reliable  firms,  but 
do  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
contents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap= 
pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au= 
thorities.  Therefore,  address  any  com= 
plaints  to  3'our  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,   FEBRUARY,   1922 

Does   It    Pay   To   Be   a    Good    Standing 

Member  of  the  United  Brotherhood 

of  Carpenters? 

The  prompt  payment  of  dues  to  your 
Local  Union  is  a  matter  that  should  be 
given  first  consideration  by  every  mem- 
ber of  our  Brotherhood,  because  upon 
the  payment  of  your  dues  devolves  your 
interest  in  the  beneficial  features  of 
our  organization.  If  you  have  not 
familiarized  yourself  with  these  fea- 
tures, then  you  should  do  so  at  once  by 
referring  to  Sections  48,  49,  50,  51,  52 
and  53,  of  our  General  Laws.  If 
you  have  not  got  a  Constitution,  then 
you  should  apply  to  the  Secretary  of 
your  Local  LTnion  for  one  immediately, 
and  after  perusing  the  above  sections, 
you  will  realize  that  it  is  worth  while  to 
be  a  member  in  good  standing  in  an  in- 


stitution like  ours,  for  we  know  of  no 
fraternal  or  beneficial  organization  that 
pays  the  benefits  we  do,  upon  the  small 
per  capita  tax  received.  Just  figure 
for  yourself. 

If  you  are  a  beneficial  member  you 
pay  monthly  dues  of  not  less  than  75c 
per  month,  40c  of  which  is  paid  to  the 
General  Office:  this  totals  .$4. SO  per 
year  and  in  the  event  of  your  death 
after  one  year's  membership  your  bene- 
ficiary is  entitled  to  $50.00,  which  is  not 
a  bad  investment  for  $4. SO;  if  you  are 
two  years  a  member  the  General  Office 
receives  a  total  of  $0.60,  and  in  the 
event  of  your  death  after  two  years' 
membership,  your  beneficiary  gets  $100; 
if  three  years  a  member,  the  amount  re- 
ceived by  the  General  Office  is  $14.40, 
and  your  death  benefits  after  three 
years'  membership  is  boosted  to  $150; 
if  four  years  a  member,  the  amount  re- 
ceived by  the  General  Office  is  $19.20 
and  your  death  benefits  after  four  years' 
membership  is  increased  to  $200;  and  if 
you  are  five  years  a  member,  the  General 
Office  receives  the  total  sum  of  $22  and 
your  death  benefits  have  increased  to 
the  sum  of  $300,  which  is  the  maximum 
amount  paid  on  the  death  of  a  beneficial 
member.  In  addition  you  become  en- 
titled after  your  first  year's  membership 
to  a  wife's  funeral  donation  of  $2.".. 
which  is  increased  $25  on  the  second 
year's  membership  and  an  additional 
$25  on  the  third  year's  membership, 
making  a  maximum  wife's  funeral  dona- 
tion of  $75  on  three  years'  membership 
or  over. 

Then  we  have  provided  to  pay  you 
disability  donations,  in  the  event  you 
become  totally  and  permanently  disabled 
from  ever  again  following  any  branch  <>.' 
the  carpenter  trade  for  a  livelihood,  as  a 
result  of  accidental  injuries,  in  amounts 
ranging  from  $50  on  one  year's  member- 
ship to  $400  on  five  years'  membership 
or  over.  Semi-beneficial  members  who 
are  those  having  joined  after  attaining 
the  age  of  50  years  or  apprentices,  nor 
(nullified  as  a  journeyman,  are  e  1 1 1 i 1 1  e ■  I 
to  minor  benefits,  the  risk  covering  their 
classification  being  greater,  on  account 
of  age.   etc,      Sonic  mcinbers  say  we  are 


t  ir e    c  a r  p  e nter 


paring-  too  much  tax  to  the  General  Of- 
fice, but  if  they  would  only  take  time 
to  figure  for  themselves,  they  would 
wonder  how  we  are  aide  to  continue  to 
do  business  on  such  a  small  revenue. 
As  we  stated  bei  per  capita  tax 

on  each  member  is  40c  per  month.  $4.80 
per  year,  consequently  yon  would  have 
to  be  a  continuous  dues  paying-  member 
for  almost  63  years  before  you  would 
have  paid  in  the  $300  your  beneficiary 
would  be  entitled  to  at  your  death.  If 
your  wife  died  and  you  received  $75 
donation  on  her  death,  then  you  would 
have  to  be  a  continuous  dues  paying 
member  for  nearly  16  years  more,  or  a 
total  of  almost  SO  year--,  before  you 
would  have  paid  in  to  the  General  Office 
the  $375  you  or  your  beneficiary  had  re- 
ceive (3  therefrom.  In  some  cases  a  mem- 
ber receives  $75  wife's  death  donation 
and  at  some  subsequent  period  becomes 
totally  ai  Ip  nnanently  disabled  and  re- 
ceives $400  disability  donation,  making 
a  total  of  $475  received  by  him.  You 
can  see  in  this  case  the  brother  would 
have  had  to  belong  to  the  United  Broth- 
erhood for  almost  100  years  a  full  dues 
paying  member  before  he  would  have 
paid  in  the  amount  he  had  taken  out. 
saying  nothing  of  the  other  benefits  such 
as  strike  pay.  etc..  which  he  may  have 
received   during  his   affiliation. 

You  ak  how  do  we  do  it?  The  ex- 
planation is  simple :  Members  who  have 
probably  belonged  to  ou  rBrotherhood 
for  years  have  become  negligent  or  care- 
less in  the  payment  of  their  dues,  and 
allow  themselves  to  become  suspended 
from  benefits,  and  during  the  period  of 
their  suspension  the  member  or  his  wife 
dies,  or  he  meets  with  an  accident  that 
totally  disables  him.  that  brother  loses 
his  benefits,  and  it  invariably  happens, 
just  at  the  time  a  member  is  in  arrears 
that  misfortune  overtakes  him  and  as  a 
consequence,  his  widow  or  family  suf- 
fers thereby.  There  is  no  excuse  at  this 
time  at  least  for  a  member  falling  in 
arrears,  for  if  he  is  unable  to  pay  his 
dues,  through  lack  of  work,  sickness  or 
some  other  cause,  if  he  will  apply  to  his 
Local  Union  they  will  see  that  he  is 
kept  in  full  benefit  standing,  as  Presi- 
dent Hntcheson  Las  granted  a  dispensa- 
tion to  all  Local  Unions,  allowing  them 
to  keep  their  needy  m<  lues  paid 

when    requested  \  i     until    next 

spring,  if  they  desire  to  do  so. 

Other  members  drop  out  of  the  Broth- 
erhood entirely,  some  to  enter  other  leg 


itimate  business,  some  because  of  care- 
and  some  to  allow  them  to 
"scab"  ou  their  fellowmen.  In  all  such 
r-ases.  the  Genera!  Organization  has  prof- 
ited, for  when  a  member  has  become 
suspended  by  owing  a  sum  equal  to  six 
months'  dues,  he  can  only  come  back 
into  our  organization  the  same  as  a  new 
member,  by  paying  a  new  initiation  fee 
and  his  record  will  date  from  his  last 
initiation. 

We  know  it  is  not  the  wish  of  our 
membership  that  we  shotdd  profit 
through  the  mi-fortune  of  our  fellowman 
and  nothing  would  be  more  pleasing  to 
the  General  Officers  than  the  knowledge 
that  every  brother  affiliated  was  in  good 
staining  and  entirb-d  to  benefits.  Mem- 
bers, don't  think  only  of  yourselves,  re- 
member some  of  you  have  wive, 
children,  fathers,  mothers,  sisters  or 
brothers,  who  are  dependent  upon  you. 
and  if  misfortune  shoul  -.me  suddenly 
upon  you.  think  of  the  great  benefit  the 
donations  paid  by  our  organization 
would  be  to  them,  and  the  small  effort 
required  by  you  to  keep  your  dues  paid 
up  in  full. 

Look  in  our  .Journal  each  month  under 
the  caption  of  ''Claims  Paid"  and  assure 
yourself  of  the  great  good  accomplished 
for  our  members  and  tbeir  families  in 
their  bereavement  and  then  peruse  the 
colums  of  "Disapproved  Claims"  and 
their  reasons  for  disapproval  and  take 
warning  by  tho«e  reasons,  and  see  that 
in  your  case,  at  least,  there  will  never 
be  any  cause  for  an  adverse  decision 
and  you  will  find  that  it  pays  to  be 
a  good  standing  member  of  the  United 
Brotherhood. 

*      *      • 

If  Lincoln  Were  With  Us  Today 
Had  Abraham  Lincoln  but  lived  in  this 
day  we  do  not  believe  this  so-called 
"American  Plan"  propaganda  would  ever 
have  been  sprung  on  the  public.  He  was 
too  wise  a  man  to  have  been  deceived  as 
to  the  purpose  of  what  is  implied  in  the 
"open"  shop,  which  assails  every  prin- 
ciple that  gives  the  working  man  a 
chance  to  determine  his  industrial  con- 
dition. Lincoln  would  have  seen  the 
merits  of  the  union  shop  as  a  means  to 
industrial  liberty  and  there  is  no  doubt 
in  our  mind  hut  he  would  have  given  it 
support  as  the  only  adequate  means  for 
labor's  protection. 

The  "open"  shop  is  a  lie  in  that  it 
does  not  operate  as  represented.  So  far 
as  possible  it  is  closed  to  labor  that  ex- 


THE     CARPENTER 


25 


oreises  freedom  of  organization  and  it  is 
"open"  sbop  only  on  condition  that  labor 
yield  its  rights  to  the  control  of  a  master. 

As  the  foe  of  all  forms  of  slavery,  Mr. 
Lincoln  would  undoubtedly  have  sup- 
ported a  principle  giving  to  the  working 
men  the  liberty  to  work  out  their  destiny 
free  from  the  shackles  of  an  industrial 
autocracy. 

All  those  who  thoroughly  understand 
the  principles  of  democracy  give  support 
to  unionism.  Lincoln  would  have  un- 
questionably been  found  a  supporter  of 
trade  unionism  and  this  opinion  is  based 
on  the  fact  that  he  was  a  true  friend  of 
labor  in  his  life  and  in  his  public  acts. 
He  could  not  have  been  consistently  a 
friend  of  labor  and  at  the  same  time 
have  been  an  opponent  of  the  union  shop. 

*  *.      * 

President  of  Barbers'   International 
Union  Dead 

Frank  X.  Noschang,  for  twenty  years 
International  President  of  the  Barbers' 
Union,  died  at  his  home  in  Albany,  N. 
Y.,  Thursday  morning,  January  5,  1922, 
at  the  age  of  55  years.  Mr.  Noschang 
became  president  of  the  organization  20 
years  ago  when  he  was  elected  at  the 
Saginaw,  Michigan,  Convention  held  in 
October,  1901  and  which  position  he  ha^ 
held  continuosly  up  to  the  time  of  his 
death.  Before  that  time  he  had  been 
active  in  his  own  local  union  in  Albany 
and  had  served  as  President  of  the  New 
York  State  organization.  He  had  made 
his  headquarters  at  Indianapolis,  Ind., 
in  the  Carpenters'  Building  for  the  past 
seven  years.  His  death  will  be  regretted 
by  thousands  of  friends  he  has  made  in  the 
labor  movement  throughout  the  country. 

*  *      * 

Labor  Owned  Company  Produces 
Wonderful  Picture 

The  first  economic  drama  ever  pro- 
duced, and  the  first  motion  picture  made 
by  a  strictly  labor-owned  company  is 
now  under  way  for  distribution  by  the 
Federation  Service,  Inc.,  729  Seventh 
Ave.,  New  York. 

"The  New  Diciple,"  produced  by  the 
Federation  Film  Corporation  of  Seattle, 
is  not  based  upon  prejudice — but  upon 
truth.  It  holds  no  brief  for  violence  or 
disorder.  Industrially,  it  is  true — fun- 
damentally it  is  honest — economically  it 
is  sound.  It  exposes  the  hypocrisy  of 
the  so-called  American  plan,  and  shows 
the  danger  that  awaits  labor — both  or- 
ganized and  unorganized — if  this  wolf 
in  sheep's  clothing  is  permitted  to  gain 


a    foothold.      It    is    labor's    picture    and 
labor  should  support  it. 

The  picture  has  a  superb  supporting 
cast,  including  Tell  Trenton,  Margaret 
Mann,  Alfred  Allen,  Norris  Johnson, 
Walt  Whitman  and  Arthur  Hull,  all  of 
whom  are  well  known  in  the  motion 
picture  world. 

All  unionists  should  see  the  managers 
of  the  various  motion  picture  houses  that 
they  patronize  and  ask  when  this  picture 
is  to  be  shown,  and  keep  asking  for  it. 

Upon  the  support  of  this  picture  by 
Organized  Labor  the  test  will  be  made 
of  whether  or  not  labor  and  the  general 
public  will  support  this  kind  of  drama. 
If  so,  then  we  may  look  for  other  pro- 
ducers to  imitate,  or  at  least  make  their 
productions  more  favorable  to  labor  than 
they  have  in  the  past. 

*      *      * 

Near  East  Relief 

An  appeal  in  behalf  of  the  helpless 
orphans  of  Russian  Armenia  and  the 
Bible  lands  of  the  Near  East,  has  gone 
out  from  the  national  committee  of  Near 
East  Relief  through  the,  various  state 
branches. 

Fraternities,  churches,  labor  organiza- 
tions, individuals — are  asked  to  remem- 
ber the  children  of  a  nation  about  to 
perish,  except  for  American  relief.  For 
six  years  Near  East  Relief  has  been 
striving  to  save  the  child  life  of  Armenia, 
a  humanitarian  movement  only  made 
possible  by  contributions  from  the  pub- 
lic. "We  believe  that  these  children 
present -the  most  outstanding  case  of 
need  to  be  found  in  the  world  today," 
says  an  appeal  now  going  out. 

In  its  orphanages  in  the  Near  East  the 
relief  organization  is  now  caring  for 
thousands  of  these  children  while  thou- 
sands more  are  wandering  hungry  and 
cold,  homeless  and  helpless — and  hope- 
less, except  for  their  hope  in  America. 
It  is  declared  that  before  spring  many 
thousands  of  these  children  will  in- 
evitably perish  unless  Near  East  Relief 
aid  can  be  extended  to  them.  A  sym- 
pathetic public  is  urged  not  to  forget 
that  "these  children  are  suffering  mainly 
as  the  result  of  persecution  because  of 
their  parents'  Christian  faith  and  be- 
cause their  fathers  served  the  allied 
cause  in  the  war." 

Sixty  dollars  a  year  will  save  the  life 
of  one  of  these  children  and  it  may  be 
paid  $5  a  month  if  desired.  The  na- 
tional headquarters  of  Near  East  Relief  is 
situated  at  151  Fifth  Ave.,  New  York  City. 


2G 


THE     CARPENTER 


Something  To  Think  About 

Just  a  little  "I  will  stuff"  and  you  will 
be  all  right.  This  is  a  good  principle 
for  every  member  to  follow  in  these 
strenuous  times  and  it  is  especially  good 
to  hare  in  mind  wh^n  your  organization 
needs  you  to  do  all  the  boosting  you 
can.  Jere  L.  Sullivan,  writing  in  the 
"Mixer  and  Server"'  said  a  "whole  heap" 
when  he  said : 

"Don't  let  anybody  park  you  off  in  a 
corner  for  two  or  three  months  with 
your  engine  shut  off  and  your  battery 
dead.  There  are  a  lot  of  fellows  that 
want  to  hog  the  spotlight;  they  can't 
do  it  while  you  are  messing  up  the 
front  stage,  and  they  may  manoeuver 
things  so  as  to  shoot  you  back  in  the 
darkness  where  no  one  will  notice  that 
you  are  one  of  those  present. 

"Be  an  active  member,  anyone  can 
pay  dues.  Make  up  your  mind  that  the 
fellows  that  have  you  numbered  with 
the  "also  rans"  ptilled  the  wrong  guess, 
that  instead  of  being  material  for  the 
tall  man  with  the  black  clothes  and 
somber  look,  you  are  a  regular  go-getter 
and  must  be  counted  upon. 

"You've  got  a  lot  of  that  "I  will" 
stuff  in  your  frame ;  all  you  need  do  is 
use  it  and  step  forward.  Being  a  wall 
flower  may  suit  some,  but  you're  not 
that  kind  of  book  holder.  There  may  be 
hunks  of  Edam  laying  around  the  ren- 
dezvous of  your  union,  but  you  are  not 
one  of  'em,  and  it's  right  smack  up  to 
you  to  show  the  goods  that  you  are  made 
of.  If  you  are  waiting  for  some  one  to 
lay  you  out  and  put  a  lily  in  your  hand, 
well,  that's  different,  what  we  put  on  the 
blackboard  won't  interest  you.  so  you 
can  forget  it ;  forget  that  we  drove  down 
your  street,  for  we  had  no  intention  of 
beating  the  undertaker  out  of  a  job." 
*      *      * 

Did  Dante  Hold  Card  In  a  Union? 

The  following  article  appeared  in  the 
Literary  Digest  recently,  showing  that 
union  labor  is  not  at  all  a  new  thing,  but 
was  fostered  by  some  of  the  really  great 
men  in  history : 

"Dante  held  a  union  card,  it  now  ap- 
pears, in  the  Apothecaries'  Union  of 
Florence,  and  devoted  much  of  his  en- 
ergies to  fighting  labor's  battles  against 
the  aristocrats.  So  that  while  Dante's 
sixth  centenary  was  hailed  in  all  modern 
languages  by  eulogists  of  Italy's  epic 
poet,  who  is  ranked  with  Homer  and 
with  Shakespeare  among  the  supreme 
figures  of  the  world's  literature,  in  some 


European  countries  they  are  also  mind- 
ful of  Dante's  political  influence  on  his 
time  and  of  what  one  Italian  commen- 
tator calls  the  modern  characteristics  of 
Dante's  political  ideas. 

"Some  English  writers  recall  that  Mr. 
Gladstone  counted  Dante  among  the 
great  leaders  of  his  intellectual  life,  and 
they  cite  Viscount  Morley's  dictum  that 
it  were  an  idle  dream  to  think  that  the 
dead  hand  of  Dante's  century  and  all 
that  it  represented  is  no  longer  to  be 
taken  into  account  by  those  who  would 
be  governors  of  men. 

"At  a  notable  celebration  in  honor  of 
the  immortal  Florentine  held  in  the  Sor- 
bonne,  an  Italian  senator  and  former 
minister  of  public  instruction.  Mr.  Fran- 
cisco Buffini,  delivered  an  address  on 
Dante  and  politics,  in  which  he  declared 
that  politics  is  the  pivot,  if  one  may  say- 
so,  of  the  whole  poetic  machine  of  Dante- 

"Coming  now  to  his  labor  union  ac- 
tivities. Senator  Buffini  sees  Dante  the 
patriot  standing  between  the  syndical- 
ism (or  labor  unionism)  and  the  league 
of  nations  of  his  period,  and  in  defense 
of  this  rather  astonishing  collocation  of 
phrases  he  points  out  that  the  Florence 
of  Dante  was  a  professional  republic  un- 
der the  regime  of  arts  and  trades,  a. 
veritable  organization  of  syndicates." 
*      «      « 

The  Way  They  Talk  and — 
A  large  percentage  of  the  members  of 
Organized  Labor  denounce  in  the  most 
vitriolic  terms  the  capitalist  press,  but. 
many  of  these  gentlemen  give  but  little 
support  to  the  labor  press  that  speaks- 
for  the  rights  and  liberties  of  the  com- 
mon man.  The  great  majority  of  the 
labor  publications  are  struggling  to 
maintain  an  existence,  simply  because 
the  great  army  of  labor  becomes 
thoughtless  or  indifferent  to  the  strug- 
gles of  labor  editors,  who,  through  their 
loyalty  to  the  working  class  sometimes 
are  visited  by  lengthy  intermissions  be- 
tween meals.  The  labor  press  cannot  ex- 
pect support  from  powerful  combinations 
that  look  upon  the  organs  that  are  dedi- 
cated to  the  cause  of  the  masses  of  the 
people  as  inimical  to  the  interests  of  a 
class  of  privilege.  The  labor  press  can 
only  be  strong  when  the  membership  of 
the  labor  movement  realize  that  labor 
publications  must  receive  support  from 
the  class  whose  cause  they  champion  and 
defend.  The  press  that  speaks  for  social 
justice  and  the  rights  of  man  should 
receive  the  undivided  support  of  !■:  I     r, 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 
OF 

THE  UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


General  President 

WM.   L.   HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N  Y. 


Second  District.  D.  A.  POST 
-416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,   Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District.  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National   Bank   Buildinj 

San  Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh   District,   ARTHUR   MARTEL 
1705  Chambord   St.,   Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFY,    Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


Report    of    General    President    Wm.    L. 

Hutcheson  for  the  Quarter  Ending 

December  31,   1921 

January  17,  1922. 

To  the  Members  of  the  General  Execu- 
tive Board. 

Brothers — Greeting : 

The  period  for  which  this  report  cov- 
ers is  the  last  three  months  of  the  year 
1921.  A  year  that  brought  conditions 
to  our  membership  such  as  were  never 
experienced  by  them  during  the  life  of 
the  Brotherhood,  due  to  the  efforts,  not 
so  much  of  the  direct  employers  of  our 
membership  but  of  the  various  business 
interests  of  the  country  endeavoring  to 
force  upon  our  membership  a  decrease 
of  their  wage  scale  and  while  in  many 
instances  settlements  were  reached  be- 
tween the  employers  and  our  members, 
in  many  case.,  there  was  a  prolonged  en- 
forcement of  idleness  of  our  membership 
necessitating  the  arrangement  for  finan- 
cial assistance  for  many  of  them. 

Owing  to  circumstances  and  condi- 
tions the  Brotherhood  can  well  feel  sat- 
isfied with  the  results  obtained  and  while 
it  is  true  that  we  have  sustained  a  loss 
of  several  thousand  members  many  of 
them  were  what  might  be  termed  war 
time  carpenters  and  when  work  was  re- 
duced to  the  regular  construction  work 
they  found  themselves  unqualified  and 
therefore  sought  other  occupations. 
There  were  other  members  of  course  who 
were  well  qualified  and  long  time  mem- 
bers of  the  Brotherhood,  who  through 
force  of  circumstances  found  themselves 
unable  to  retain  their  membership  in  the 
organization.  Those  former  members 
will,  without  doubt,  again  become  mem- 
bers of  our  Brotherhood  when  work  be- 
comes more  plentiful  and  present  indi- 
cations (from  the  reports  received  at  this 
office)  are  to  the  effect  that  the  year 
1922  will  be  an  active  year  in  building 
construction. 

Under  date  of  October  21,  1921,  I 
issued  a  circular  letter  to  all  Local 
Unions  of  the  Brotherhood  granting 
them  a  dispensation  to  assist  worthy 
members,   (who  through  force  of  circum- 


28 


THE     CARPENTER 


stances  were  unable  to  keep  themselve  : 
in  good  standing )  to  maintain  their 
membership  by  paying  the  regular  per 
capita  tax  to  the  General  Office  and  from 
correspondence  we  have  had  with  vari- 
ous Local  Unions  it  is  shown  that  many 
of  our  Locals  have  availed  themselves 
of  the  opportunity  afforded  them  to  show 
that  our  Brotherhood  is  all  that  the  word 
implies  by  rendering  assistance  to  their 
members. 

Considerable  correspondence  was  re- 
ceived at  this  office  from  Local  Unions 
and  District  Councils  of  our  Brotherhood 
wherein  they  called  attention  to  press 
reports  throughout  the  country  to  the 
effect  that  Government  officials  con- 
templated dispensing  with  the  Depart- 
ment of  Labor  or  consolidate  it  with 
other  departments  of  the  Government 
and  the  request  was  made  that  the  un- 
dersigned enter,  on  behalf  of  the  XTnited 
Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America,  a  protest  against  such  a 
step.  The  matter  was  given  attention 
by  the  undersigned  and  an  interview  was 
arranged  with  President  Harding  at 
which  he  informed  me  that  the  present 
administration  had  no  thought  or  inten- 
tion of  either  dispensing  with  the  Labor 
Department  or  consolidating  it  with  any 
of  the  other  governmental  departments. 

As  per  the  action  of  the  General  Ex- 
ecutive Board  at  its  last  meeting.  L.  U. 
Nos.  22,  34,  4S3,  and  10S2  of  San  Fran- 
cisco were  suspended,  Charters  re-issued 
and  the  members  enrolled.  From  re- 
ports received  at  this  office  indications 
are  that  the  membership  will  soon  be  re- 
habilitated. 

There  has  been  put  forth  an  effort 
by  some  of  the  membership  of  the  vari- 
ous Local  Unions  in  the  city  of  Toledo, 
O.,  to  bring  about  a  consolidation  of  the 
Local  Unions  but  by  vote  of  their  mem- 
bership failed  to  approve  of  same.  I  am 
submitting  herewith  correspondence  in 
reference  to  the  matter  and  would  re- 
quest that  the  same  be  given  considera- 
tion. A  similar  condition  exists  in  At- 
lanta. Ga.,  and  I  am  also  submitting  with 
this  report  correspondence  in  reference 
thereto  as  well  as  correspondence  of  rel- 
ative conditions  existing  in  Westchester 
County.  X.  Y. 

Since  the  last  meeting  of  our  Board, 
the  membership  of  our  organization  in 
Cincinnati.  O.,  has  been  envolved  in  a 
movement  to  resist  a  reduction  in  their 
wage  scale  and  a  change  in  their  work- 
ing conditions  with  the  result  that  many 


of  them  were  out  of  employment  for  a 
period  of  several  weeks  and  the  General 
( office  has  paid  to  them  their  lockout  do- 
nations as  per  the  provisions  of  the  Gen- 
eral Constitution.  After  several  at- 
tempts through  negotiations  they  finally 
reached  an  understanding  with  the  con- 
tractors which  provides  for  a  reduction 
of  their  scale  from  $1  to  95c  per  hour 
and  same  has  been  approved  by  refer- 
endum vote  of  their  membership. 

Other  matters  of  interest  pertaining 
to  the  welfare  of  our  Brotherhood  will 
be  called  to  your  attention  during  the 
meeting  of  the  Board. 

Fraternally  yours, 

WM.   L.   HUTCHESON. 

General  President. 
© 

Carpenters  Will  Instruct  Members 

Carpenters'  L.  U.  No.  226,  of  Port- 
land. Ore.,  is  starting  a  course  of  lec- 
tures dealing  with  a  number  of  problems 
encountered  in  building  construction. 
After  each  lecture  questions  and  sug- 
gestions pertaining  to  the  subject  will 
be  invited  from  the  members.  A  large 
number  of  members  have  signified  their 
intention  of  taking  the  course. 

The  purpose  of  the  union  is  to  give 
each  member  an  opportunity  to  become 
proficient  in  all  phases  of  work,  and  each 
subject,  taken  up  will  be  handled  by 
some  one  particularly  proficient  in  that 
line. 


Thrift 

Thrift  makes  manifest  our  character, 
reveals  three  outstanding  qualities,  and 
yields  three  products  that  are  of  uni- 
versal importance : 

The  four  elements  of  thrift  are : 

1.  Earning  or  production. 

2.  Spending  or  choosing. 

3.  Saving  or  conservation. 

4.  Investment    or    accumulation. 
The  three  outstanding  qualities  are: 

1.  Frugality  or  carefulness. 

2.  Economy  or  good  management. 

3.  Judgment  or  wise  decision. 

And  the  three  products  notably  re- 
sulting from  the  practice  of  thrift  are : 

1.  Security  of  the  state. 

2.  Prosperity  of  the  community. 

3.  Happiness  and  welfare  of  the  in- 
dividual. 

— Professional  Engineer. 


The  Union  Label  is  an  antidote  for 
selfishness,  that  phase  of  our  character 
which,  dwarfs  the  soul. 


Claims  Paid 


CLAIMS  PAID  FOR  THE  MONTH  OF  DECEMBER,   1921 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local 

Union 


Membership  | 
Yrs.      Mos.  I 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 


44454  Anna    Sibell    

44455  Louis  A.   Gordon 

44450  Elizabeth   Pengel    

44457  Emma   S.    Webb 

4445S  William    G.    Cox 

44459  John    Christ    Sorensen 

444G0  Laura   Snow   Wood 

44461  Gaudias   Cote    

44462  N.    Lind     

444G3  Bertha    Drake    

44404  Owen    Taylor     (Dis.) 

44465  John    Pugh    

444G6  Emerson    E.    Knapp 

444G7  John    Fagan    

444G8  Josephine    Brcuyette     

44469  Rochard  B.   Maynard 

44470  Sara    M.    Thompson 

44471  Kate  Bradley    

44472  Mildred   Eliza   Ackerley 

44473  Charles   Berard    

44474  Wladystawa    Ziembicka 

44475  S.    H.    Nolen 

44476  Joseph    J.    Zednik 

44477  Henry   Robert   Trumpold.  .  .  . 

44478  Mary   Moliter    

44479  Karl   Wetzel    

44480  Charles   E.    Torney 

44481  Herbert  S.   Pediso    (Dis.)... 

44482  Charles  W.  Peck 

44453  Fredericka    Dobratz     

44454  John    L.    Hall 

44455  J.    L.    Wigginton 

44486  James    Franklin    Bryant.... 
444S7  Thomas    C.    Hellegers 

44488  George    W.    Dunnican    (Dis.) 

44489  Charles  A.   Lyon 

44490  Mary    M.    Brown 

44491  Sophie  Johnson    

44492  Elizabeth    Coffman    

44493  Jerry    Wagner    

44494  Mary  E.  Johnson  Voigbt.  .  .  . 

44495  Victore    Lanthier    Demers .  .  . 

44496  Teresa  Hernandez  Jayierre.  . 

44497  Harry  Willour   

44498  Jessie    Telzrow     

44499  Bertha    Hurley     

44500  Rochus   Germer    

44501  Lizzie  Kirsch    

44502  Perley   C.    Simons 

44503  Alva    S.    Sulliyan 

44504  James    Coker    

44505  Benjamin  Hawkins 

44506  Paul    J.    Pagh 

44507  Hannah    Albright    

44508  Frank    Krueger 

44509  Mary    Jane    Price 

44510  Belle    Z.    Wbetstone 

44511  Charles    G.    Carson 

44512  E.    E.    Russ    (Dis.) 

44513  May    Martin    Goff 

44514  William    Altbrandt    

44515  George    Bryant     

44516  Yvonne   Belan?er   Demers.  .  . 

44517  Albert    J.    Palmer 

44518  Nellie  Farrenkopp    

44519  Anna    K.    Weayer 

44520  Etienne  Martin    

44521  Alfred  Gonya    

44522  Frederick    W.    Martini 

44523  Rudolph    Redmann    

44524  Thomas    A.    Maxted    (Dis.).. 

44525  Valletta    A.    Sipe 

44526  Thomas   Johnson    

44527  Emma    Skopec    

-!  1528  James  C.  McCurdy 

■1  '."29  John  Edward  Varney 


11 
11 
42 


91 
97 

134 
141 
155 
165 

252 

261 

277 

551 

642 

710 

1134 

1134 

1610 

1856 

36 

39 

47 

47 

61 

132 

197 

198 

264 

306 

3S8 

437 

490 

490 

486 

603 

791 

1155 

1330 

1372 

1558 

1633 

2041 

2141 

4 


55 

55 

67 

104 

15S 

165 

182 

185 

373 

434 

477 

600 

612 

712 

730 

747 

787 

790 

1021 

1021 

1122 

1224 

1308 

1419 

1  156 

1786 

1869 

1953 


14 
22 
25 
21 

2 
18 

8 
20 
22 
13 
11 

7 
31 
15 
15 
19 
23 
15 

4 
13 

2 
10 

7 
34 
15 

9 

9 
11 

7 
22 

1 
21 
11 
19 
17 


23 

19 

11 

11 

1 

2 

2 

2 

12 

20 

31 

4 

2 

18 

2 

19 

10 

6 

18 

4 

12 

2 

1 

23 

15 

5 

20 

15 

2 

14 

19 

5 

1 

32 

6 


8 

3 

6 

2 
11 

6 

3 

7 

1 
10 

6 

6 

7 
11 
11 

6 

7 

2 
11 

1 

6 

8 
11 

8 

6 

4 

3 

4 

5 

6 
11 

5 
11 

6 
10 

O 

4 
11 

4 

S 

4  -I 

3 
0 
7 
6 
3 


8 
0 
9 
1 
8 
10 


Pneumonia  

Myocarditis  

Diabetes  

Tumor  

Heart  disease  

Sarcoma  

Uraemia  

Meningitis     

Intestinal    obstruction 

Scarlet   fever    

Fall    

Cancer    

Apoplexy    

Asphyxia    

Hemorrhage    

Apoplexy    

Anaemia    

Paralysis    

Tuberculosis    

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Tuberculosis    

Heart    trouble    

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Septicaemia     

Pneumonia     

Suicide     

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Accidental    

Gangrene    

Arterio    sclerosis    .  .  | . 

Brignt's  disease 

Anaemia    

Diabetis     

Carcinoma     

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    

Heart  disease 

Angina    pectoris 

Ulcer    

Myocarditis     

Myocarditis     

Fever    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Paralysis     

Tuberculosis     

Arterio   sclerosis 

Pancretitis     

Accidental     

Angina  pectoris    

Ulcer     

Ulcer    

Myocarditis    

Cholecystitis    

Heart    disease    

Apoplexy      

Ulcer    

Tuberculosis    

Accidental    

Myocarditis    

Pneumonia     

Mitral  regurgitation    . 

Bright's   disease   

Pneumonia    

Lues    

Tuberculosis    

Heart   disease   

Dysentery    

Dial)  lis  ' 

Accidental   

Accidental     

Erysipelas    

Carcinoma    

Heart   disease    

Ulcer    

Suicide     


Am't 

Paid 

"§75.00 

300.00 

75.0D 
75.00 

lOO.OD 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

400.00 

75.00 

B00.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

50.(   • 

300.0  P 

300.00 

KOO.OO 

75.00 

:      >.00 

300.00 

400.00 

300.00 

75.00 

50.00 

300.00 

125.00 

300.00 

4HO.0O 

:J5.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

25.00 

"0.00 

100.00 

50.00 
75.00 

125.00 
75.00 

200.00 

100.00 

300.00 

100  00 

300.00 

75.00 

300  00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

100.00 

25.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.0:i 

125.0  l 

75.00 

50  00 

125.00 

300.00' 

300.00 

50.0:i 

400.00 

7"  00 

50.00 

75.00 

100.00 

i 


BO 


TTI 


KPEXTER 


Claim  Name  of  Deceased  or 

No. Disabled 

44530  L.   W.    Simmons 

44531  Ralph    Bobner    

44532  John   Vandenbenden    

44533  Marie    Larviviere    Phaneuf. 

44534  David   Peterson    

44535  Charles   M.    Campbell 

44536  Caroline    V.    Morse 

44537  James   Banner    

44538  Stella    Golubski    

44539  Benice    Biel    :  .  . 

44540  John    Cos    

44541  Thomas    Muldoon    Clemens. 

44542  Eliza    M.    Martin 

44543  Ole  Sjorslev    

44544  Herman   F.   Tidwell    (Dis.). 

44545  Mablon    V.    McDonald 

44546  Frank    Prinz 

44547  Mary  Peterson    

44548  William   M.    Scott 

44549  Leila  Davis  Dumas 

44550  Bernbard    P.    DeBaets 

44551  Andrew     G.    Johnson 

44552  J.    Marius    Mathieson 

44553  William    Deweese    

44554  Elizabeth    Holland     

44555  George    A.    Miller 

44550  Pauline  Curry    

44557  Anna    Graham    

44558  George  C.   Orth 

44559  John    F.    O'Connor 

44560  Rafaela    Sciartiello    

44561  Lawrence    McCullen    

44562  Charles    Goff    (Dis.) 

44563  Emil  Geir   

44564  S.     A.    Newberg 

44565  Horace  J.    Tatro 

44566  Hans   Flademoe    

44567  Victor   Crawford    

44568  Henry    E.    Munstermann.  .  . 

44569  Axel    Josephson    

44570  Elizabeth   Wyckoff   

44571  John   H.   Murray    

44572  Bertha   Nettie   Frasier 

44573  William   P.   Mozingo 

44574  Fred    Koch 

44575  Herman     Saar 

44576  Mary  K.  McKalvey 

44577  Jacob    Krieger 

44578  Philip   Chester   Godfrey.... 

44579  John     Eiben ' 

44580  Charles    E.    Record 

44581  Herbert  Morris  Williams... 
445S2  J.   A.   Frazier 

44583  Joseph  L.  Saucier 

44584  Charles   K.    Laib 

44585  Dorthea    C.    Hansen 

44586  Gabriel    Ojala 

44587  Charles    M.    MacLeod 

4458S  Anna    Ohde 

44589  Mary    E.    Dean 

44590  Laura  H.  Beers 

44591  Callie    M.    Keith 

44592  Emma    Francis    Beaty 

44593  lima    Hendrickson 

44594  John    Scott    

44595  Milton  Fred  Gatchell 

44596  Hedwig    Borowsky     

44597  Samuel    Alavango    

44598  William  J.  Whorton 

44599  Walter   H.    Scruggs 

44600  Charles    E.    Healy 

44001   Joseph    Lapointe 

44602  H.    B.    Parker 

44603  Grace   Ellis   Jenkins 

44804  M.   C.   Percy 

44005  Walter    H.    Mahan 

44600  Gertrude    Hill     

44607  Elizabeth    Wilcox    

44608  John   P.   Murray 

44G09  Joseph    Bacon    

44C10  Edward    Sacofsky    

44611Emma  F.   Burris '. 

44612  Hugh    F.    Gallagher 

41613  Mary  E.   Belle  Christner.  .  . 

44614  Morgan    Leonard 

44015  John  Fletcher  Morton 

44G10  Assumta    Siano    

44617  Alice   S.   Hearting 

44618  Hersehell  H.  Woodyard 


Local 
Union 


Membersbipj 
Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Deatli   or 

Disability 

Cancer     

Apoplexy     

Bronchitis      

Tuberculosis    

Endocarditis    

Accidental    

Diabetis    

Heart  disease 

Peritonitis    

Nephritis     

Heart    trouble    

Apoplexy    

Carcinoma     

Intestinal    obstruction     .  . 

Accidental    

Heart  failure    

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    

Accidental    

Tuberculosis     

Carcinoma    

Sunstroke    

Peritonitis     

Ulcer    

Embolism     

Myocarditis     

Influenza    .- 

Carcinoma    

Asthma    

Cancer    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Accidental     

Peritonitis     

Carcinoma     

Diabetis     

Tuberculosis    

Myocarditis     

Tuberculosis    

Accidental     

Diabetis    

Nephritis     

Pellagra     

Cancer    

Suicide   

Lethargica     

Uraemia     

Carcinoma     

Endocarditis    

Nephritis 

Typhoid  fever    

Heart  failure    

Accidental    " 

Heart  disease 

Pneumonia     

Diabetis 

Accidental     

Accidental     

Cancer    

Endocarditis     

Pneumonia    

Cancer    

Heart    trouble    

Angina  .pectoris     

Senility    

Bright's    disease 

Cancer    

Influenza    

Angina    pectoris     

Peritonitis     

Sepsis     

Encephalitis    

Apoplexy      

Septicaemia     

Pneumonia    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    

Pneumonia    

Septicaemia     

Endocarditis     

Carcinoma    

Angina  pectoris    

Asthma    

Heart  failure   

Accidental    

Diabetis    

Apoplexy    

Heart    trouble    


2201 

2 

1 

2264 

2 

0 

73 

19 

0 

108 

1 

5 

1S6 

33 

1 

207 

1 

5 

220 

2 

2 

306 

23 

3 

341 

19 

2 

341 

9 

0 

532 

11 

8 

541 

21 

u 

884 

2 

5 

1032 

22 

5 

1203 

8 

3 

1355 

4 

7 

1514 

12 

6 

1523 

2 

11 

2416 

4 

7 

1 

9 

4 

1 

14 

9 

1 

1 

8 

8 

21 

8 

52 

34 

4 

56 

3 

10 

73 

1 

8 

198 

5 

3 

200 

15 

1 

237 

20 

11 

246 

16 

o 

261 

3 

1 

608 

19 

11 

735 

31 

7 

947 

13 

0 

947 

6 

4 

952 

5 

1 

1176 

2 

3 

1367 

2 

6 

1960 

3 

11 

2725 

5 

3 

2 

3 

0 

13 

19 

7 

52 

14 

8 

55 

9 

0 

224 

16 

4 

261 

14 

8 

277 

10 

2 

325 

19 

7 

366 

4 

1 

402 

6 

10 

665 

1 

0 

770 

9 

3 

1028 

3 

2 

1239 

19 

9 

1307 

9 

8 

1631 

13 

7 

1929 

5 

0 

10 

35 

9 

10 

25 

3 

75 

12 

6 

132 

9 

4 

158 

11 

8 

168 

1 

0 

257 

4 

.   1 

273 

27 

1 

407 

1 

4 

427 

1 

9 

508 

1 

11 

515 

30 

3 

526 

4 

3 

595 

19 

6 

730 

2 

7 

931 

7 

9 

1071 

4 

1 

1228 

3 

6 

1345 

14 

1 

1745 

4 

2 

8 

21 

6 

22 

16 

1 

43 

11 

7 

51 

15 

4 

51 

18 

3 

51 

2 

8 

165 

16 

o 

296 

4 

0 

308 

14 

4 

359 

15 

0 

415 

16 

7 

764 

2 

2 

T  XI  E     CARPENTER 


31 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local 
Union 


Membership 
Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Death  or 

Disability 

Pleurisy      

Uraemia    

Diabetis    

Accidental     

Uraemia 

Accidental      

Leukemia    

Tuberculosis    

Indigestion    

Tuberculosis   

Smallpox     

]  tiabetis   

Septicaemia    

Accidental     

Nephritis     

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Angina    pectoris     

Angina    pectoris    

Carcinoma     

Carcinoma     

Anaemia    

Suicide     

Pneumonia     

Anaemia    

Tuberculosis    

Appendicitis     

Heart    trouble    

Carcinoma     

Carcinoma     

Embolism     

Pneumonia     

Pneumonia     

Arterio   sclerosis    

Endocarditis    

Nephritis     

Peritonitis     

Accidental    

Accidental     

Heart   trouble 

Endocarditis     

Hemiplegia    

Endocarditis     

Cerebral    hemorrhage    .  . 

Pneumonia     

Fall    

Pneumonia    , 

Myocarditis     

Toxemia     , 

Bright's    disease    , 

Accidental     , 

Pneumonia     , 

Aortic  insufficiency    

Tuberculosis     

Cerebral  hemorrhage 

Nephritis    

Appendicitis    

Nephritis     

Arterio   sclerosis    

Uraemia     

Aortic    insufficiency 

Pneumonia    

Cancer    

Edema    

Pneumonia    

Smallpox    

Pneumonia     

Arterio   sclerosis    

Tuberculosis    

Poisoning    

Tuberculosis    

Cholecystitis    

Tuberculosis     

Carcinoma     

Pneumonia     

Paralysis    

Carcinoma     

Angina    pectoris   

Accidental     

Accidental     

Tuberculosis    

Hemorrhage    

Fall    

Apoplexy    

Heart  trouble   

Ulcer    

Tuberculosis    

Arterio   sclerosis    

Accidental     


4-101!)   Theresa     Allen     Scott.  .  \. 

44G20  William   H.   Douglas \. 

44G21  Anna    Stierlin     

44G22  Andrew    N.    Petersen.  .  .  . 

441121!  Alp  lion  so    Marois     J 

44G24     Frank    Borzyck    

44025   Clifton    Jackson     

44626  Mollie   Behnke    

44027   Clarence   Ryks    

4  1628   Zella   Mav   Meyers 

44629  Ada    C.    Shepperd 

44630  Mary   Gillen    

44G31   Guy    R.    Alcox 

44632  P.    J.    Nolan 

44G33  Amos   A.    Baldwin 

44G34  Ossa  E.  Hart 

44635  Max    Postall     

44G36  Leonard    H.    Falk 

44637  Robert    Stark    

44638  Henry    Thule    

44639  William   J.    Buskey 

44640  Bernt    Erickson    Jaabeck. 

44641  Arthur  W.  Austin 

44642  Elizabeth   J.    Wood 

44643  Nellie    Ruth    Loring 

44644  Philip  Forget    

44645  James    W.    Wright , 

44646  Thomas    B.    Simpkins 

44647  Thomas    Eunson 

4464S  Herman    Saffir 

44649  Hattie    May    Davis 

44650  J.    A.   Beck 

44651  William   H.    Spengeman.  .  . 

44652  August   Dickman    

44653  Alice  Folsey    

44654  Otelia    Hendrickson     

44655  Amelia    Bjorkstrom     

44656  George   F.    Magnuson 

44657  E.    T.    Higgs 

44658  Bertha  Van   Velsor 

44659  Harriet    Phillips     

44660  John  T.   Harrison 

44661  William    Bobbins     

44662  Frederick   John    Brucksiecker 

44663  William   F.    Schmalgemeier. 

44664  John  M.  Wahlstrom 

44665  Joseph    E.    McDonald    (Dis. 
446G6  George  W.  Crocker 

44667  Robert   P.    Linkletter 

44668  Rempt  Ellenga 

44669  Albert    Jutzi,    Jr. 

44670  Emma  Meyer    

44671  Anton    Rosenlund    ........ 

44672  Ullman    E.    O'Dell 

44673  Camille    Fontaine    

44674  Amelia    Passenheim    

44675  Blanche  Morris    

44676  Lewis  A.  Johnson 

44677  D.     A.     Snodgrass 

44678  Mrs.    A.    D.    Barefield 

44679  George  E.    Stagg 

44680  Frank    Wells    

446S1  Charles   A.    Strom 

44682  John  Jay  Treadwell 

446S3  Nellie    M.    Cruver 

44684  Maud   A.    McKee 

44685  Arthur    McLaughlin    

44686  John   Dillon    

446S7  Hope    Vernelle   Riggs 

44688  Rav    Morris    

44089  Emma    Bronic    

44090  Edward   Johnson    

44091  Henry   Kraus    

44092  Enoch   H.    Lisle 

44093  Joseph   Graham    

44094  James  B.   Williams 

44695  David   Hawkins    

44696  J.    C.    Larmann 

44097  Carl    M.     Nelson 

44698  Nils    P.    Johnson 

44099  Joseph    Lafrancois     

44700  William    L.    Graham 

44701  James    P.    Ankrom    (Dis.).. 

44702  Charles   J.    Peterson 

44703  William    Augustus    Myers.  . 

4  1704  W.  S.  Scott .' 

44705  Phillip  H.  Hand 

44700  Antoine  Grimard  

44707  Erick  Lindstrom  


857 
1 1 88 
1366 

1  156 
1616 

22S9 

2409 

7 

11 

44 

61 

63 

106 

124 

137 

232 

504 

585 

593 

698 

747 

787 

810 

901 

1187 

1408 

12S1 

2114 

62 

183 

208 

226 

262 

550 

791 

791 

791 

866 

993 

1093 

1489 

1065 

2127 

25 

58 

58 

67 

101 

139 

215 

242 

264 

264 

312 

390 

419 

574 

586 

627 

724 

773 

813 

866 

983 

1019 

1399 

1724 

43 

55 

55 

80 

180 

298 

318 

698 

943 

1188 

1212 

1753 

1753 

209S 

2218 

2 

15 

44 

98 

103 

134 

174 


7 

19 

1 


1 

1 

19 


12 

19 

9 

21 

21 

5 

12 

3 

4 

10 

20 

12 

15 

17 

13 

5 

4 

1 

18 

10 

4 

18 

21 

21 

5 

17 

5 

8 

9 

18 

16 

16 

2 

36 

23 

13 

12 

20 

3 

19 

16 

2 

5 

5 

21 

26 

2 

12 

3 

2 

7 

18 

1 

19 

3 

3 

3 

31 

9 

4 

12 

8 

27 

8 

28 

4 

19 

19 

12 

9 


L0 
4 
7 
3 


11 

10 
6 
7 
2 
3 
5 
1 
2 
9 
1 
0 
1 
5 
2 
5 
5 
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1 
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7 
6 


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7 
5 
3 

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8 

7 

9 

11 

g 

11 


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7 

11 

11 
6 
4 
5 
6 

10 
1 
4 
4 

10 
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6 
7 
8 
1 
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11 
4 
5 
6 
1 

11 


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34 


THE     CARPENTER 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local 
Union 


Membership 
Yrs.       Mos. 


4470S 


Hulda   W.    Sandberg. . . 

Alberta    F.    Jones 

Ellen    Shafer    

Martin  Wirtz    

Jennie   M.    Hunt 

William  Woodruff 

Joanna    Thomas     

John    M.    Dorman 

Robert    Forrester 
Benjamin    u.    Bickforcl. 
Owen  Lefler   (Dis.) 

Mary  Rada   

Julia   A.    Smithana    .  .  . 
Patrick  J.    Coughlin... 

Loretta   Higgs    

Martin   J.    Weinman.  .  . 

Olaf    Wahlberg    

William    H.    Kark 

N.  B.  Evans 

Lewis    P.    Lamere 

Amos  F.    Harner 

Charles    C.    Neweomb.. 

Albert  Stien    

William    S.    Graham.  .  . 


174 

2S3 

33G 

336 

501 

63S 

838 

1676 

1S56 

22 

29 

54 

115 

115 

115 

171 

271 

281 

392 

583 

838 

1296 

1635 

1978 


19 

21 

6 

20 

16 

8 

4 

26 

2 

1 

3 

23 

20 

4 

2 

22 

3 

3 

15 

5 

1 

1 


8 
9 
9 

11 
3 

1 


4 
11 

4 
7 
0 
9 
3 
9 
7 
6 


Cause  of 
Disa 

Death  or 
bility 

Am't 
Paid 

Tuberculosis    . 

Cystitis     

Cerebral   hemorrhage 

75  00 

Asthma    

125  00 

300  00 

75  00 

75  00 

Pneumonia    

50  00 

300  00 

Fall     

100  00 

25  00 

75  00 

125  00 

75  00 

50  00 

25  00 

300  00 

150  00 

50  00 

125  00 

75.00 

50  00 

..$4 

Total . 

5,225.00 

135  Full    beneficial    claims. 

44  Semi-lieneficial    claims 

89  Wife*s   claims    

10  Disability    claims 


278 


$33,050.00 
4.000.00 
6,075.00 
3,100.00 

$46,225.00 


DISAPPROVED   CLAIMS  PAID  FOP  THE  MONTH  OF  DECEMBER,   1921 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local 
Union 


Membership 
Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Disap- 
proval 


Am't 
Cl'm'd 


5216  Joseph    Rohner     

5217  Edward  L.   Ramsey    (Dis.) 

5218  Lena   Messner    

5219  Amelia    M.    Reichert 


5220  Mary    Norris    

5221  Henry  John   Hangeveld. 

5222  Aaron  Frankowitz 

5223  Alanson   P.    Thompson.. 

5224  Arzelie    Dion     


5225  Andrew    J.    Score. 

5226  John    B.    Sessions. 

5227  Angelina   Mitchell 

5228  Canute    Flodquist 

5229  Frank    Kutzra    .  .  . 

5230  Celestino    Meza    .  . 


1 
11 

182 
207 

29S 

490 

60S 

700 

1125 

1184 
125S 
1572 
1899 
1955 
2020  I 


10  4 

9  6 

9  4 

32  7 


16 

1 

2 

20 


2 
3 
12 
0 
4 
1 


11 
3 

11 

11 

0 

0 


Three  months  in  arrears 

Not  filed  within  two  years. .  . . 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Semi,  not  two  years  a  member 

Six    months    in    arrears 

Three   months   in    arrears 

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Not  filed  within  six  months.  .  . 

Three  months  in  arrears.  ...  . .  . 

Husband  died  before  wife 

Not  one   year  a  member 

Six  months  in  arrears 

Three  months  in  arrears 


§125.00 

400.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

25.00 

100.00 

300.00 

75.0tl 

100.0c 

50.0C 
75.0f 
50.0C 
50.0C 
50.0C 


DEATH  NOTICE 

WILLIAMS,  J.  B..  Local  Union  No.  943,  Tulsa,  Okla. 


Local  Unions  Chartered   In   December 

New  York.  N.  Y.    (Shorers.) 

New  York,  N.  Y.   (Marine  Carpenters.) 

New  Orleans,  La.  (Colored.) 

Denver,  Colo.  Redondo  Beach,  Cal. 

Oaffney,  S.  C.  Belvedere.  Cal. 

Burbank,  Cal.  Long  Beach,  Cal. 

Inglewood,    Cal. 

Total,  10  Local  Unions. 

• 

Completes  Its  Own  Home 

Carpenters'  Union  No.  943  of  Tulsa, 
Okla.,  has  about  completed  its  new 
Lome. 

The  union  owns  two  valuable  lots  in 
a  good  location,  being  far  enough  away 
from  the  business  district  to  avoid  the 
noise,  yet  close  in  enough  to  be  centrally 
located.  The  building  is  50x100  ft.,  two 
stories   high   and   of  brick   construction. 


The  ground  floor  will  be  occupied  by 
store  rooms  and  the  second  floor  will  be 
used  as  a  hall  for  carpenters'  headquart- 
ers and  the  meetings  of  other  unions 
The  money  for  the  new  building  waf( 
raised  principally  by  assessment  on  th( 
membership  of  the  union,  which  is  th( 
largest  Local  in  the  state  and  has  fough" 
the  open  shoppers  to  a  standstill. 


It  is  not  what  you  make, 
It  is  not  what  you  spend, 
It  is  what  you  save 
That  counts  in  the  end. 

©» 

The  Union  Label,  card  and  button  as- 
sure better  living  conditions  for  the  chil | 
dren. 


Charity  Begins  At  Home 

iditor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

The  writer  is  in  receipt  of  a  eoniniu- 
ieation,  begging  for  funds  for  relief 
ork  in  the  Far  East.  This  association 
as  for  its  chairman  an  ex-Governor  of 
le  State  of  Connecticut. 

The  writer  believes  in  extending  aid 
>  the  needy.  But  he  also  believeth  that 
iiarity  begineth  at  home.  It  appears 
)  the  writer's  mind  (with  the  thou- 
mds  out  of  employment,  in  this  indus- 
•ial  depression),  that  the  afore  men- 
oned  raised  funds  for  relief  work  in  the 
ar  East  could  be  put  to  very  good  use 
ere  at  home.  To-wit :  A  relief  upon 
le  tax  payers  of  the  country.  Our 
ix  payers  today  are  carrying  the  burden 
P  this  depression  upon  their  shoulders 
the  writer  means  direct  tax  payers,  not 
le  capitalist  tax  dodger  who  have 
:hers  pay  their  tax) ,  and  are  supplying 
mds  for  our  municipal  and  state 
aarity  boards.  This  is  Point  No.  1. 
i  Point  No.  2.  Use  these  funds  for 
ilucation,  and  educate  our  young  men  to 
income  statesmen.  Statesmen,  taught 
lie  true  fundamental  principles  of 
smocracy,  not  the  pupets  of  the  Cham- 
er  of  Commerce  and  the  machine  cou- 
poned governors  of  an  autocratic,  userp- 
jig  class  of  money  mongers. 

The  class  that  put  the  yoke  of  bond- 
,ge  upon  the  neck  of  a  free  people,  and 
eny  them  of  their  constitutional  right 
E  earning  a  living  by  the  use  of  the 
lack  list.  This  same  class  having 
:lium  for  the  membership  of  Organized 
abor,  yet,  have  the  audacity  to  solicit 
lands  of  those  they  attempt  to  pauperize 
;ito  subjection. 

It  appears  to  Old  Ironsides  mind,  that 
re,  the  offsprings  of  those  old  lovers  of 
.•eedom,  who  hath  made  it  possible  for 
s  to  retain  our  freedom,  have  fallen 
■sleep  at  the  switch. 

Let  us  awaken  from  that  torpid 
iumber  of  ours  before  it  is  too  late,  and 
'e  be  cast  again  into  that  cataclysm, 
ultima  ratia  regain,"  rather  let  us 
trive  for  "'the  Candida  pax." 


Maternally 
..  U.  97. 


HENRY   E.   GARDINER. 

New  Britain,  Conn. 


Thrift 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

A  most  appropriate  editorial  dealing 
with  the  building  industry,  which  I  sub- 
mit for  your  readers'  consideration,  was 
taken  from  the  "Builders'  Guide"  of 
Philadelphia  and  reads: 

Thrift  does  not  mean  hoarding  money. 
One  thousand  six  hundred  homes  burn 
each  day  in  the  United  States  through 
lack  of  thrift.  Think  of  it!  and  must 
of  them  preventable  as  they  are  the  re- 
sult of  carelessness  on  the  part  of  the 
builder  who  does  not  protect  the  wooden 
structural  members  Avhere  they  are  most 
liable  to  be  attacked  by  fire.  There  are 
five  most  dangerous  places  that  can  be 
successfully  protected  by  using  fire  re- 
sisting materials,  for  instance,  over  the 
heating  plant,  juts  a  little  square  of 
metal  lath  and  plaster,  ten  feet,  will  cut 
down  this  hazard,  underneath  and 
around  stairways,  under  inhabited  floors, 
back  of  kitchen  ranges,  and  a  basket  of 
metal  lath  used  as  a  fire  stop  where  the 
uprights  and  floor  joists  meet  will  stop 
these  flue-like  openings  and  prevent  the 
flames  spreading  to  all  parts  of  the 
build-ing. " 

The  Insurance  Companies,  who  are 
interested  in  the  Thrift  Movement, 
would  rather  have  a  lower  rate  of  in- 
surance and  less  fires,  but  we  have  to 
learn  the  difference  between  a  hazard 
and  a  loss  before  this  can  be  accom- 
plished, and  to  realize  that  the  fire  men- 
ace is  always  with  us. 

If  the  money  loss  from  fires  in  the 
United  States  for  one  year  could  be  used 
for  constructive  work,  it  would  build 
homes  for  the  entire  inhabitants  for  a 
state  the  size  of  Connecticut,  which  has 
a  population   of   1,320,858. 

Build  your  home  like  a  battle  ship 
and  protect  the  most  vulnerable  points. 
This  will  be  the  best  investment  you  can 
make.  Money  spent  for  fire  prevention 
will  save  you  thousands  of  dollars,  if  a 
fire  should  visit  your  home  and  that  is 
what  THRIFT  means." 

Yours    very    truly, 

WHARTON   CLAY. 


36 


THE     C  A  R  P  E  X  TEIt 


Appeal  To  Organized  Labor  In  General 

Editor.  "The  Carpenter": 

We  have  been  struggling  along  from 
month  to  month,  living  in  hopes  the  day 
would  come  when  we  would  be  success- 
ful in  our  efforts  towards  building  up  an 
organized  Local  of  Collar  Workers.  But 
regret  to  say  Ave  have  been  unsuccessful 
and  ask  if  you  will  lend  us  a  helping 
hand  by  being  consistent  when  purchas- 
ing collars  by  demanding  the  "'Bell 
Brand"  collars,  bearing  the  Union  Label, 
made  in  both  soft  and  laundered  collars. 

At  present  the  firm  is  making  a  much 
better  collar  than  they  have  in  the  past, 
and  they  intend  to  continue  to  do  so  in 
order  to  try  and  build  up  a  trade  on  "Bell 
Brand"  collars.  We  sincerely  hope  you 
will  appreciate  our  efforts  and  help  us  by 
purchasing  "Bell  Brand"  collars  made  in 
fifty-three  different  styles,  both-  soft  and 
laundered. 

What  we  would  like  to  make  plain  is 
that  you  can  buy  collars  from  the  Union 
Label  Collar  Company,  direct.  139  Ham- 
ilton St..  Albany,  X.  Y.,  providing  your 
dealer  will  not  carry  them  for  you.  Just 
have  some  of  the  boys  get  together,  let 
them  order  the  same  as  if  they  went  to 
the  store  to  buy  two  or  three  collars  as 
per  their  desire.  Send  the  order  along 
to  the  above  company  and  same  will  be 
executed  promptly.  If  you  have  not  a. 
catalogue  same  can  be  procured  from  the 
above  company  upon  rerpiest.  You  will 
not  only  be  consistent,  but  will  benefit 
in  the  prices. 

We  trust  you  will  not  overlook  this: 
appeal  as  we  are  in  urgent  need  of  help 
at  the  present  time.  Thanking  you  in 
advance  for  your  courtesy  in  this  matter 
and  sincerely  hoping  you  will  send  in  a 
club  order  so  we  can  get  some  work  to 
do,  we  remain, 

Fraternally  yours, 

UNITED   GARMENT   WORKERS   OF 
AMERICA.   LOCAL   261. 

Pearl  Matson.  Secretary- 
29  Second  Ave..  Rensselaer.  X.  Y. 


Boosting  the  Union  Label 

Editor.  "The  Carpenter" : 

There  has  been  considerable  talk  of 
increasing  membership  and  boosting  the 
Union  Label. 

I  am  going  to  submit  an  idea  and 
would  be  glad  to  have  it  brought  before 
the  members  of  the  United  Brotherhood- 

In  boosting  the  Union  Label  we  have- 
to  have  union  help.  A  union  man  will 
refuse  to  work  with  a  scab  and  will  go 


home  to  his  wife  and  tell  her  his  trou- 
bles when  in  a  great  many  cases  she  is 
scabing  on  him  and  through  no  fault  of 
hers,  either:  he  is  to  blame  for  not  get- 
ting her  intere-ted  in  unionism.  If  that 
were  done  each  union  man  would  have 
a  helper  to  boost  the  Union  Label  and 
we  would  soon  be  getting  results.  My 
idea  is  to  form  a  Ladies'  Auxiliary  with 
every  Local,  not  only  the  carpenters,  but 
in  every  craft,  and  hold  get-together 
meetings,  socials,  and  dances,  and  to 
take  in  the  wives  and  mothers  of  mem- 
bers and  sisters  of  a  certain  age.  It 
would  be  a  great  help  in  boosting  the 
Label,  also  a  great  help  when  we  went 
to  the  polls  to  support  a  labor  candidate; 
a  small  initiation  fee,  one  or  two  dollars, 
with  monthly  dues  at  25c  a  month,  or 
less,  just  enough  to  make  it  self-sup- 
porting. 

I  am  not  veyr  good  at  writeing,  but 
I  think  you  will  be  able  to  grasp  my 
meaning,  as  we  sure  have  got  to  do 
something  if  we  are  to  make  any  head- 
way in  gaining  strength. 

Hoping  this  will  meet  with  some  re- 
sponse, remain, 

Fraternally  yours, 

EDWARD   UXGER. 
L.  U.  Xo.  334.      416  S.  Washington  Ave. 
Saginaw,   Mich. 


A  Freedom  Party 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

The  carpenters  of  L.  U.  Xo.  432  of 
Atlantic  City,  whose  Charter  was  issued 
on  January  9,  1900,  saw  good  reason  to 
conform  with  the  established  rule  fol- 
lowed by  those  who  attain  their  major- 
ity, so  they  celebrated  the  Twenty-sec- 
ond Anniversary  of  the  organization  on 
January  13th  by  a  general  "get  to- 
gether" of  the  members  and  their  fam- 
ilies in  Odd  Fellows'  Hall,  and  to  make 
the  affair  thoroughly  harmonious,  tht 
District  Council  of  Atlantic  County 
Ladies'  Auxiliary  Xo.  63  and  the  officer; 
of  Locals  Xo.  1704,  842  and  1619  wen 
invited  guests. 

We  were  sorely  disappointed  in  no; 
having  the  General  Secretary  with  us,  a 
he  has  always  shown  deep  interest  in  o\r 
affairs.  but  the  excuse  he  offered  for  no 
accepting  our  invitation  was  quite  rea 
sonable,  as  the  auditing  at  the  Genert 
Office  stood  in  his  way. 

The  Committee  on  Arrangements  wer 
J.   L.   Bernicker,    Chairman,   R.    C.    G 
kill.  H.  W.  Reeves,  J.  J.  Beebe  and  X 
Prickett.    who   spared   neither   time   noj 


THE     CARPENTER 


37 


■  to  make  this  the  veal  labor  event 

I    the  season  by  entertaining  the  mern- 

in  a  manner  enjoyed  by 

i.      A   fully    organized    minstrel    troop 

as  engaged  which  formed  the  begining 

'  the  program  and  the  performance  was 

J '  a  clean-cut  professional   nature,   well 

orthy  of  honorable  mi  :;tion.  this  part 

one  lasted  well  into  the  evening. 

Refreshments  of  ice  cream  and  cake 
ere  served  to  all  and  went  well, 
Lngled  with  the  strains  of  music 
mdered  by  a  thorough  union  orchestra, 
u'li  "on  with  the  dance"'  when  young 
nl  old  alike  shook  a  nimble  foot  to  the 
tenanting  melodies  to  such  an  extent 
tat  the  wee  hours  of  the  morning  was 
ached   without    thought. 

All  in  all  it  was  a  night  well  worth 
hile  and  will  be  remembered  in  eon- 
■etion  with  L.  U.  No.  432  for  some  time 
>  come. 

This  Local  was  the  inspiration  of  Or- 
anized  Labor  in  Atlantic  City  and  has 
town  to  a  membership  of  420  in  good 
anding  and  only  a  few  in  arrears  and 
•om  its  activities  and  accomplishments 
vree  other  carpenter  Locals  have  sprung 
p  in  this  district,  with  an  aggregate 
lembership  of  about  1,200. 

We  are  now  enjoying  the  fruits  of  our 
-ell  spent  efforts  in  rate  of  wages  and 
ours  of  employment,  considered  the 
randard  throughout  the  country. 
,  At  the  time  of  our  organization,  con- 
itions  were  of  such  a  nature  as  to  war- 
int  this  step,  from  the  fact  that  we 
ere  compelled  to  work  ten  hours  a  day 
:>r  $1.75.  This  movement  has  increased 
ur  pay  envelopes  to  SI  per  hour  and 
nluced  our  employment  to  44  hours  per 
"eek. 

Hoping   that   all   other   Locals   of   the 
'nited  Brotherhood  may  have  the  same 
pportunity    to    share    in    success    equal 
x  or  better  than  ours,  I  am, 
Fraternally  yours. 

J.   L.   BERXICKER. 

e 

Present  Day  Methods  of  Education 
Criticized 

Editor.  "The  Carpenter*': 

It  is  with  regret,  that  we  read  in  the 
tews  columns  of  our  daily  press  of  the 
ction  taken  by  some  of  our  institutions 
•f  learning-,  relative  to  the  present  situ- 
tion  in  the  railroad  controversy. 

In  the  old  school  (which  apparently 
las  passed  into  oblivion,  at  least,  it's 
uudaments,  teachings  are  in  that  style) 
uen  were  taught  in   those  days   educa- 


-OLD  KENTUCKY- 

SSTOBAGGO 


Direct  From  Our  Farms  to  You 

The  Cream  of  the  Cnr-st  cro;-,<;  ICcntud-.y's  hour.' 
can  ppvl'.iee — fine,  rich  leav   —  lth  that 

rare  okl-fsobionc'd  flavor  ar:d  fragrance  tact  orJy  the 
"aging"  can  produce.  We  bank  ca  it  you  have  never  I 
finer  flavored,  more  satisfying 
tobacco  ia  all  ______ — 


your  lifo 


Ripe*  Rich.  Old-Fashion  Leaf 


„ Old  Bei  -  B         --    r.  is  DO  more  '-         E 

than  day  ia  like  ni-"-.-. — guaranteed  free  from  ch;r-     .laa-.d: 
tint  conceal  imperii 

Crown  and  matured  in  Ksntueky's  finest  scil,  cut  "■  pre      c 

s*=!°cted,  a-ed.  mellowed,  cured  and  ":     sated"  by  the 

fathers  used  ia  r.resariaj  tobacco  for  their  own  U3e — every  trace  of  barshce:s 
leaves  it — nothing  to  "bite"  your  tongue  or  parch  your  rnaa'-— r.ctni.-s  ■- 
tire  your    taste.        Me!l    *  as  the  moonlight— frarr—t  as^ 

.--■■-=-     -  ::;;-::?  nsrr- rates  the  a:r.     i  : 

—  :  by  its  inimitable  emoting  and  che=inj 

■  -  -  -  .- .   -3  J  have  used  almost  every  brand  on  the  marltet  bat  yours 
i=  the  best  I  avert  sted.  —  W.E.S--:rcs.Si.  iter.,,,  Prr.r. . 

Tobeeee  aai  a T  in  every  -wav.  I  no~  remlise  hc^v  foolish  I  have  beer. — 

payin»  exorbitant  pr   '-■--  ~-i  the  mid'dleraea  ias-.etd  of  buyinj   direct    ;'.-::_  the 
;.:iation."— C.J.Bttdaf.  Monletana,  li'aia.  ... 

■  .g -,   ^0-r*0bac^C2a  the  beat  I  have  had  smre  1^56  vrhea  Abra.  * - 

.--•"---  :-'..'.:    ,-:-:isj^.v:;.,.c.    __-._...- := ...   — 

Ma  :...:-, l:-....  ::--■:. 
REDUCE  YOUR    ^ISZC^    . 
TOBACCO  BILL     £  <3 

7--;-  :e   ta=— all   -   -  - .-"-•:.— you    dcrl    direct   with  the   growers'    :::::  --  -.- 


Quality  ar.d  lets 


No    fancy    packages. 


IY80NEY  SAVING  PRICES 

5  lbs.  $2.98—10  lbs.  $5.85 


(We  Pay  /III 
Shipping  Changes) 

5  pounds  will  make  55  bic 
Bricks  of  smoking,  or  65  cliewioc 
_r    z    .:.:  z  '■      -'■'-■     "  -      - 

Dtriec    ~e    send    complete   fllus- 

,   - 
to    make     grxxw^otcd     Bmoinoe, 
cfd-faa'nion  chewing  and  smok- 
ing twists,  citars,  etc.. 

Send  No  Money 


WE  PAY 
ALL 

SHIPPING 
CHARGES 


'I  ry  it 
ye 


or  ten  days— if  i" 
'  ^iffor1  ' 


dissatisfied,  sea  jit  back  and 

your  money  »ill  be  returned 
promptly  without  aaibble  or 
question.      You    risk    nothing. 

S:r.n  and  mail  the  cupon  tcday 
and  enjoy  the  tobacco  treat  ex 


,v.»H;i.1','»!i.*u-!.!JAmr 


TGBACC"  SROIVERS  AS5'M  CF  KENTUCKY, 

W-rehousejOi  -         Mayfield..  Kentucky 


rf  01  Kentucky 


-  "^  rvi«^d  my  i 


> 
i 

.< 

* 

i 

t 

»    N  

f    Address 

Enter  below  pounds  each  gi 
J    SMOKING:  —mild  —  meciurti 

t    CHEWING:  — mild  —  medium 


— strong 
— strong 


3S 


THE     CARPENTER 


tion ;  an  education  which  had  for  its 
fundamental  principal  the  betterment  of 
mankind,  and  the  freedom  of  the  work- 
ing class  from  the  yoke  of  bondage,  and 
their  wanderings  through  the  darkness. 

Apparently,  those  old  methods  of  edu- 
cation are  too  tame  for  our  latter  day 
professors  of  learning,  who  aspire  for 
greatness.  It  is  written  in  sacred  his- 
tory: "but  it  happened  into  them  ac- 
cording to  the  true  proverb,  the  dog  is 
returned  to  his  own  vomit  again,  and 
the  sow  that  was  washed  to  her  wallow- 
ing in  the  inire. 

Present,  day  methods  of  education, 
(that  is,  as  taught  by  some  proffi  ssors 
of  learning)  is  placing  those  fine  princi- 
ples of  the  art  in  the  same  category,  as 
the  afore  mentioned  dog.  and  sow  in 
sacred  history.  Of  course,  the  writer 
does  not  expect  anything  more  elevating 
for  his  fellow  man,  from  our  Chambers 
of  Commerce,  railroad  barons,  machine 
controlled  governors,  and  their  state 
troops. 

Why?  Because  this  class  have  lost 
sight  of  God,  and  humanity,  in  their  mad 
rush  for  gold  and  fame.  There  is  an 
excuse  for  them,  they  are  uneducated 
and  ignorant,  in  all  things  but  one;  and 
that  is  the  accumulation  of  wealth,  and 
it  matters  not  how  or  by  what  suffering 
they  came  to  procure  it.  Apparently  our 
institutes  of  learning  have  bowed  the 
knee  to  the  golden  image. 

HENRY   E.    GARDINER. 

New  Britain,  Conn. 


Information  Wanted 
Accompanying     photograph     of     Dick 
Kiefi.  who  was  last  heard  of  in  the  fol- 
lowing     places:       Minneapolis.      Minn.. 


Huron  and  Kansas.      Any  one  knowing 

of  his  whereabouts  kindly  address  John 

Elkers,  206%   Main  St..  Houston.  Tex. 
*      *      * 

Information  Wanted 
Nils    Nelson,  57  years  of  age,  left  bis 
home  in   New   York   City   on  December 


2nd.  He  is  5  ft.  S  in.  tall:  medium 
weight  and  his  left  hand  is  deformed. 
Any  one  knowing  of  his  whereabouts 
kindly  address  Adele  Mattson,  615  E. 
141st  St..  New  York.  N.  Y. 

*  *      * 

As  to  the  whereabouts  of  Frank  Jack- 
man,  about  60  years  of  age — last  heard 
of  near  Los  Angeles.  Cal..  formerly  be- 
longed to  Local  Unions  at  Kansas  City, 
Mo.,  or  Los  Angeles.  Cal.  Any  one 
knowing  of  him  kindly  advise  Ms  sister, 
Mrs.  J.  A.  McDonald,  633  N.  Congress 
St.,  Jackson,  Miss. 

*  *      * 

The  accompany  photograph  shows 
James  B.  Morgan,  formerly  a  member  of 
the  Enited  Brotherhood.    Anv  one  know- 


ing of  his  whereabouts  kindly  address 
Mrs.  S.  Wright,  21  Pleasant  Ave.,  May- 
wood,  N.  J. 

*      *      * 

Abe  Feldman,  a  member  of  L.  E.  No. 
1922,  has  been  missing  since  November, 
1921.  He  is  5  ft.  11  in.  tall,  weighs  165 
pounds;  black  hair  and  eyes.  Any  one 
knowing  of  his  whereabouts  kindly  no- 
tify Jos.  B.  Fox,  R.  S.,  L.  U.  1902, 
1320  W.  73rd  St.,  Chicago,  111. 


Fight  it  Through 

In  vour  work  and  in  your  play, 

Fight  it  through  ! 
Hang  right  on  like  yellow  clay, 

Fight  it  through  ! 
When  a  job  you  once  begin, 
Through  the  thick  and  through  the  thin, 
Set  your  mind  and  heart  to  win  ! 

Fight  it  through  I 

What  if  others  may  have  failed, 

E  ight  it  through  ! 
Though  by  powerful  odds  assailed, 

Fight  it  through  : 
Eefuse  to  be  an  "also  ran,'' 
Square  your  shoulders  like  a  man, 
Grit  your  teeth  and  say  "I  can  !" 

Fight  it  through  ! 

Well,   suppose  things  do  look  bad, 
Fight  it  through  ! 

little  pep.  get  mad  ! 
Fight  it  Through  ! 
When  you  know  you're  in  the  right, 
I: 's  your  duty,  boy.  to  fight, 
-  .  in  II  your  might '. 

Fight  it  through  ! 


Casual  Comment 


Lincoln  believed  in  organization ;  so 
do  we.  And  the  stronger  the  organiza- 
tion the  more  it  can  accomplish.  This  is 
one  of  the  reasons  we  are  after  that 
500,000. 


53.9  per  cent  to  54.4  per  cent  of  all 
dwellings.  Not  to  speak  of  folks  who 
live  in  "light  housekeeping"  and  never 
can  hope  to  attain  the  dignity  of  a  rented 
"home." 


The  odd  thing  is  that  while  Mr.  Ford- 
ney  predicts  that  his  tariff  bill  will 
bring  in  a  revenue  of  $700,000,000,  it 
it  boasted  that  this  American  valuation 
clause  alone  erects  a  tariff  wall  around 
the  United  States  so  high  that  foreign 
goods  will  practically  be  kept  out  of  the 
country  altogether. 

$  #  i)f 

Employers  who  are  loudest  in  their 
demands  for  the  "individual  rights"  of 
workers  forget  these  rights  when  applied 
to  employers.  Let  an  emplojrer  refuse  to 
join  the  organization   of  his   group   and 

he  is  quickly  put  out  of  business. 

*  *      # 

Pity  the  poor  milk  dealer — not  the 
little  fellow  with  one  or  two  cows,  but 
the  concern  that  deals  in  this  commodity 
by  the  car  load.  We  leam  that  the  man- 
ager of  one  of  these  concerns  told  a 
Congressional    Investigating    Committee 

that  he  only  made  a  profit  of  $200  a  day. 

*  #      * 

In  his  message  to  Congress,  1863, 
Lincoln  said:  "Labor  is  prior  and  in- 
dependent of  capital.  Capital  is  but  the 
fruit  of  labor,  and  could  never  have 
existed  had  not  labor  first  existed." 

*  >;:         * 

Contrast  the  foregoing  with  what  the 
open  shoppers  say,  who  term  their  cam- 
paign to  establish  the  non-union  shop 
the  "American"  plan  of  employment. 

Governor  Allen's  "can't  strike  law" 
appears  to  be  working  beautifully — for 
the  employer,  as  a  packing  company  in 
the  state  has  defied  the  law  and  yet 
Wolff,  of  the  packing  company  is  free. 

Some  mine  operators  object  to  the 
check-off  system  as  it  applies  to  the  col- 
lection of  union  dues,  but  we  cannot 
recollect  that  they  object  very  strenu- 
ously to  the  check-off  as  it  applies  to 
rent,  doctor's  fees,  store  bill,  etc. 

Cheering  news.  The  proportion  of 
rented  homes  in  America  increased  from 


High  rents  and  other  increased  living 
costs  has  junked  the  propaganda  that 
high  wages  is  responsible  for  high  prices. 

The  old  joke  about  the  packers  "sav- 
ing every  part  of  a  pig  except  the 
squeal"  has  been  reversed.  They  are 
now  saving  the  "squeal." 

*  *      * 

If  the  farmers'  "bloc"  continues  grow- 
ing in  power  you  may  see  serious 
changes  in  the  country.  You  might  even 
see  railroads  run  partly  for  the  benefit 
of  farmers,  instead  of  seeing  farmers 
run  for  the  benefit  of  the  railroads  as  in 
the  past. 

*  *      * 

The  first  claim  on  a  workman's  in- 
come is  his  union  dues  and  assessments, 
for  it  is  by  virtue  of  these  payments  he 
is  allowed  to  work  at  a  living  wage. 
Workers  who  delay  such  payments  rob 
themselves  doubly. 

*  *      * 

As  an  incentive  to  peace,  Yankee  in- 
ventors have  planned  the  world's  most 
deadly  gas  and  a  new  type  of  subma- 
rine that  has  a  cruising  radius  of  10,000 
miles.  It  might  help  also  if  some  one 
would  dramatize  the  golden  rule. 

One  good  way  to  break  up  the  "buy- 
ers' strike"  would  be  to  reduce  prices  to 
the  lowest  point  commensurate  with 
sound  business. 

Whatever  happens  while  there  is  a 
scarcity  of  houses  profiteering  landlords 
do  not  fear  a  boycott.  Families  cannol 
"do  without"  shelter. 

Manufacturers  of  IS  in.  armor  plate 
are  begining  to  feel  uneasy. 

*  *      * 

Of  course  the  makers  of  explosives 
can  find  something  to  blow  up  besides 
hostile  armies.  There  are,  for  example, 
tunnels  and  canals  to  be  built,  rivers  to 
be  dredged  and  land  to  be  cleared, 


40 


THE     C  A  R  P  E N 


ER 


It  may  be  that  if  the  nation-;  take  a 
ten-year  naval  holiday  the  end  of  that 
period  will  find  them  a  decade  behind  in 
the  art  of  naval  construction,  but  i 
safe  to  assume  that  they  will  have  ad- 
vanced far  more  than  a  decade  in  the 
arts  of  peace. 

*  *      # 

Much  of  the  world  is  discovering  that 
betvreen    the    respective    glories    of 
armament    and    the    delights    of    bank- 
ruptcy there  is  no  place  for  hesitancy  in 
making  a  choice. 

*  *      * 

The  latest  addition  to  the  anti-union 
forces  is  Alfred  J.  Beveridge,  former 
United  States  Senator  from  Indiana. 
The  ex-lawmaker  has  posed  as  a  liberal, 
but  his  recent  speech  before  the  State 
Chamber  of  Commerce  shows  how  easy 
this  brand  of  "liberalism"  slips  into  re- 
action's camp. 

*  *      * 

In  his  most  flowry  style,  Beveridge 
reeled  off  his  citizens  alliance  speech  to 
the  delight  of  business  men  who  hike  to 
hear  Organized  Labor  and  its  struggles 
for  improved  working  conditions  listed 
with  organized  capitalists,  whose  goal  is 
profits. 

*  *      * 

Be  sure  your  sin  will  find  you  out  if 
you  do  not  give  preference  to  the  Union 
Label,  shop  card  and  working  button. 

*  *      « 

According  to  figures  made  public  by 
the  National  Industrial  Board  of  New 
York  the  cost,  in  1913,  of  constructing 
a  workingnian's  house — a  story  and  a 
half  house — was  81, 200.  However,  the 
report  states,  "the  lumber  bill  alone  for 
this  house,  at  the  present  time  is  $1,380. 

*  *      * 

In  view  of  the  foregoing,  what  be- 
comes of  the  contention  that  labor's  ex- 
actions are  responsible  for  the  high  cost 
of  building? 

*  *      * 

The  rapid  rise  in  the  quoted  value  of 
Liberty  Bonds  confirms  a  suspicion  that 
the  process  of  transferring  them  from 
the  people  to  the  bankers  has  about  been 
completed. 

*  *      * 

Farmers  who  are  taking  up  economics 
will  likely  find  the  winter  all  too  short 
when  they  attempt  to  reconcile  a  35  per 
cent  emergency  tariff  with  94c  wheat 

*  *      * 

When  labor  becomes  money  —  some- 
thing   that    can    be    exchanged    in    the 


market   plar-e —  everybody    will  be  rich 

but  millionaires  and  the  politicians. 

*  *      * 

The  President  of  the  United  States 
Chamber  of  Commerce  says  farmers  vrill 
soon  feel  a  larger  demand  for  their  pro- 
ducts. Possibly,  but  we  wonder  who 
has  last  season's  products? 

*  *      * 

The  mayor  of  Indianapolis.  Lew 
Shank,  in  his  inaugurial  address  showed 
he  was  for  Organized  Labor,  first,  last 
and  always  when  he  said:  "The  prac- 
tice of  bringing  strike  breakers  to  In- 
dianapolis in  times  of  labor  trouble  will 
not  be  tolerated.  The  first  outsider  that 
comes  to  this  city,  or  the  first  rough 
neck  that  tries  to  organize  a  strike,  gets 
out.': 

*  *      * 

Demand  the  Union  Label  and  thus, 
follow  the  "golden  rule"  instead  of  the 
"rule  of  gold." 

*  *      * 

"Where  is  this  great  accumulation  of 
wealth  that  has  come  into  this  nation 
during  the  period  of  purchases  at  ex- 
horbitant  prices  by  foreign  nations? 
None  will  assume  that  it  is  with  the 
unemployed. 

*  *      * 

The  United  States  Senate  voted  to  ap- 
propriate $100,000  for  the  unemployed. 
That  gives  'em  about  20c  each. 

*  *      * 

Many  wage  cuts  are  prepared  by 
company  organized  "unions."  But  the 
program  is  not  working  to  the  satisfac- 
tion of  the  promoters. 

*  *      * 

Although  the  wholesale  price  of  beef 
is  down  to  the  1914  level  the  vigilant  re- 
tailer has  succeeded  fairly  well  in  keep- 
ing the  customer  from  realizing  it. 

*  *      * 

At  the  present  time  the  Labor  Depart- 
ment has  about  70  labor  disputes  pend- 
ing. This  number  does  not  include  the 
struggle  which  the  Labor  Department  is 
now  making  to  maintain  its  existence 
because  of  the  efforts  of  Big  Business 
abolish  the  department  altogether. 

*  *      * 

TVe  are  glad  to  note  that  the  carpen- 
ters of  Tonkers.  N.  Y.,  have  signed  an 
agreement  with  contractors  which  ex- 
pire July  1,  1922. 

*  *      * 

A  20  per  cent  reduction  in  quarry- 
men's  wages  is  getting  down  to  rock 
bottom 


T  It  K     CARPENTER 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 


Hiring  the  first  10  months  of  the 
>|sent  year  there  were  307  strikes  in 
[an  involving  40,245  persons.  That 
■I  ntry  is  gradually  becoming  civilized. 

*  *      * 

^  bill  to  endow  motherhood  has  been 

sed  by  the  Legislature  of  New  South 

f.les,  which  is  controlled  by  the  labor 

ty. 

*  *     * 

ron  and  steel  workers  in  the  Dues- 
lorf  (Germany)  area,  to  the  number 
50,000,  have  struck  for  an  increase  in 
ges  amounting  to  100  per  cent.  The 
sters  have  declared  a  lockout. 


The  general  strike  which  was  recently 
lared  in  Genoa  and  the  surrounding 
rict  of  Liguria  has  been  called  off, 
s  a  Central  News  dispatch  from 
ne.  The  strike  of  the  metal  workers 
the  same  area,  which  has  been  in 
gress  also  has  been  ended. 

*  *      * 

failure  to  supply  the  miner  sof  the 
}ietz  basin,  in  southern  Russia,  with 
*d stuffs  has  resulted  in  desertion  by 
Forers,   including   more  than   half   the 

'.led  laborers,  and  in  the  substitution 
[lees-skilled  workers  from  the  "mob- 
lied"  laborers.  Discipline  has  de- 
corated, there  being  much  "soldier - 
i|"  and  non-reporting  for  work. 

*  *      * 

There  has  been  a  recurrence  of  labor 
•est  in  Trieste,  notably  among  the 
pyard  workers.  These  workers  an- 
lnce  that  they  purposed  calling  an- 
er  strike,  owing  to  a  dicagreement 
r  wages. 

'The  Daily  Herald,"  of  Adelaide, 
ith  Australia,  says:  "If  the  arbitra- 
i  courts  are  to  go  it  will  not  very 
eh  matter  to  the  rank  and  file  of  the 
rkers  so  long  as  they  determine  to 
±  together.  In  fact,  the  attitude  of 
•  capitalists,  as  personified  by  Premier 
rdwell,  may  be,  indeed,  a  blessing  in 
guise." 

*  *      * 

By  the  narrow  margin  of  two  votes, 
■  Labor  Government  of  New  South 
ties  survived  a  censure  motion 
•ught  against  it  in  the  legislative  as- 
nbly,  It  is  a  remarkable  coincidence 
-t  the  Labor  Government  in  Queens- 
d  holds  office  by  the  same  margin. 


Until  You  Are  Placed 
in  a  Position  Paying 


0fo$300 


Month 

—Chief  Draftsman  Dobe^ 

Write  and  I'll  tell  you  how  1  make  you  a 
first-class,  big-money-earning  draftsman 
in  a  very  few  months !  I  do  this  by  a 
method  no  other  man  or  institution  can 
imitate.  I  give  you  personal  training  at 
home  by  mail.  And  I  mean  just  what  I 
say.  I  train  you  until  you  are  actually 
placed  in  a  position  paying  from  $250.00  to 
§300.00  per  month.  Six  thousand  drafts- 
men are  wanted  every  month.  Hurry  up 
and  register  so  you  can  start  earning. 


This  $25  Outfit  of  Drafting  Tools 


High-grade  plated  instruments.  Every  one  you  need. 
Packed  in  a  handsome  plush  lined  case.  Just  the  kind 
I  use  myself.  Write  to  me.  I  am  giving  it  entirely 
and  absolutely  free. 


Ctmprni  To  Mel— 

It  costs  you  nothing  but  a  stnmp  to  send  the  coupon 
for  my  free  book,  "Successful  Draftsmanship"  that 
tells  you  all.  It  tells  you  how  my  students  get  the 
good  positions  and  how  I  can  afford  to  train  you  until 
you  get  YOUR  position.  Remember,  6,000  men  wanted 
every  month.  So,  hurry!  Register  early  because  I 
can  take  only  a  few  students.    Send  coupon  NOW  I 

.................  Chief  Draftsman  Dobe  «»»«««« 

Dept.  5312,  4001  Broadway,  Chicago,  III. 

W'thout  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  mail  your  txv-k, 
"Successful  Draftsmanship."  and  full  i  articulsus  of  jcr 
liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  a  fow  students. 


Name  ■ 
Add  re: 


42 


THE     CARPENTER 


Remarks  On  Liberty:   By  Abraham 
Lincoln 

The  world  has  never  had  a  good  defi- 
nition of  the  word  liberty,  and  the  Amer- 
ican people  just  now  are  much  in  want 
of  one.  We  all  declare  for  liberty ;  but 
in  using  the  same  word  we  do  not  all 
mean  the  same  thing.  With  some  the 
word  liberty  may  mean  for  each  man 
to  do  as  he  pleases  with  himself,  and 
the  product  of  his  labor ;  while  with 
others  the  same  word  may  mean  for 
some  men  to  do  as  they  please  with 
other  men.  and  the  product  of  other 
men's  labor.  Here  are  two.  not  only 
different,  but  incompatible  things,  called 
by  the  same  name,  liberty.  And  it  fol- 
lows that  each  of  the  things  is.  by  the 
respective  parties,  called  by  two  differ- 
ent and  incompatible  names — liberty 
and  tyranny. 

The  shepherd  drives  the  wolf  from 
the  sheep's  throat,  for  which  the  sheep 
thanks  the  shepherd  as  his  liberator, 
while  the  wolf  denounces  him  for  the 
same  act,  as  the  destroyer  of  liberty,  es- 
pecially as  the  sheep  was  a  black  one. 
Plainly,  the  sheep  and  the  wolf  are  not 
agreed  upon  a  definition  of  the  word  lib- 
erty ;  and  precisely  the  same  difference 
prevails  today  among  us  human  crea- 
tures, even  in  the  North,  and  all  pro- 
fessing to  live  liberty.  Hence  we  be- 
hold the  process  by  which  thousands  are 
daily  passing  from  under  the  yoke  of 
bondage  hailed  by  some  as  the  advance 
of  liberty,  and  bewailed  by  others  as  the 
destruction  of  all  liberty.  Recently,  as 
it  seems,  the  people  of  Maryland  have 
been  doing  something  to  define  liberty, 
and  thanks  to  them  that,  in  what  they 
have  done,  the  wolf's  dictionary  has 
been  repudiated. — From  an  address  at 
Baltimore.  Md.,  April  12,  1864. 


Letter  From   a   Union   Carpenter  to  His 
Son,  a  Draftsman 

Dear  John :  You're  still  betwixt  and 
between.  Well,  your  "professional" 
workers  stand  between  labor  and  cap- 
ital, truly  enough.  But  only  in  the  sense 
that  you  take  the  buffets  and  shocks 
from  each — the  '"brick-bats,"  as  it  were. 
As  workers,  you  belong  in  the  ranks  of 
the  workers. 

Roosevelt  said:  "If  I  were 
a  wage  earner  of  any  sort,  I  would  un- 
doubtedly join  the  union  of  my  trade. 
If  I  disapproved  of  its  policy,  I  would 
.  .  .  fight  that  policy ;  if  the  .  .  . 
leaders   were   dishonest,    I   would    strive 


to  put  them  out.  I  believe  in  the  union 
and  I  believe  that  all  men  who  are  bene- 
fited by  the  union  are  morally  bound  to 
help  to  the  extent  of  their  power  in  the 
common  interests  advanced  by  the. 
union." 

Or  listen  to  Lord  Haldane,  the  British 
statesman :  "It  is  with  labor  that  the 
hope  lies  for  tomorrow.  I  say  this  with' 
the  greater  confidence  because  the  signs 
are  increasing  every  day  that  labor  is 
realizing  that  it  must  unite  within  its 
ranks  the  brain  that  plans  as  well  as  the 
hand  that  performs.  Today  we  see  the 
brainworkers  turning  more  and  morc 
surely  toward  the  Labor  party,  and  thai 
party  is  more  and  more  ready  to  wel- 
come them.  And  the  combinatior 
.    .    .    must  be  irresistible." 

We  all  stood  together  in  camp  anc 
field  and  trench,  to  make  the  world  saf< 
for  democracy — carpenters,  bricklayers 
teachers,  laborers,  clerks,  riveters,  en 
gineers  and  draftsmen  alike.  Why  no 
all  stand  together  now  and  do  "squad  j 
east.'*  salute  the  rising  sun  of  real  in 
dustrial  democracy  and  work  together  j 
each  for  all.  in  peace  as  well  as  war 
Political  democracy  is  impossible  ill 
modern  times  without  industrial  dem 
ocracy.  "Let  me  control  the  jobs  of  th 
nation,  and  I  care  not  who  makes  it] 
laws,"  the  industrial  barons  may  we 
say. 

So,  why  do  you  delay,  son?  Are  yo 
like  the  canny  Scot,  who  said,  "I'm  ope 
to  conviction,  Sandy;  but  I'd  like  to  se 
the  man  who  can  convince  me."  And 
appeal  to  you  again,  son — and  may  th 
appeal  haunt  you  day  and  night — get  i 
line !  The  time  is  fast  approaching  whe 
I  shall  have  to  look  the  facts  in  the  fa( 
and  say,  even  though  it  be  of  my  0"w 
son,  "He  who  is  not  with  me  is  again 
me."     Let's  go! 

With  love.  DAD. 


Use  Your  Head 

A  woodpecker  pecks 

Out  a  great  many  specks 
Of  sawdust 

When  building  a  hut. 
He  works  like  a  nigger 

To  make  the  hole  bigger — 
He's  sore  if 

His  cutter  won't  cut. 
He  don't  bother  with  plans 
Of  cbeap  artisans, 

But  there's  one  thing 
Can  rightly  be  said : 
The  whole  excavation 
Has  this  explanation — 
He  builds  it 
By 
Using 
His 
Head, 


— Exchan* 


w  To  Determine  the  Length  of  Roof 
Rafters 

y  Richard  M.   Van   Gaasbeek,   School 
of  Science  and  Technology,  Pratt 
Institute,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.) 

A.  useful  accessor  for  roof  framers  is 
>wn  iu  the  illustration.  From  these 
grams  the  lengths  of  common  and  hip 
Iters    can   be    conveniently    and    accu- 


marked  off  and  at  right  angles  a  perpen- 
dicular line  on  which  the  rise  will  be 
marked  off.  To  make  a  diagram  for  use 
in  determining  the  lengths  of  common, 
jack  and  cripple  rafters  mark  off  on  the 
base  line  from  the  perpendicular  line  12 
one  inch  spaces  and«number  as  shown  in 
Fig.  1.  Sub-divide  each  1  in.  space  into 
%  in.  spaces.  These  spaces  should  be 
laid  out  accurately  and  the  lines  marked 

<12_ 
12  k 


One  foot  run,  Common  mftei 
ly  determined.     The  diagrams  should      in  with- a  sharp  knife. 


Said  out  on  well  seasoned  stock,  pre- 

IJibly    3-ply    material,    or    better    still, 

le  of  metal  and  machined.     Draw  a 

le   line    on   which    the    runs    will    be 


■C3EXJE3-6I 

This  base  lino 
represents  the  run  of  1  ft.  of  the  com- 
mon rafter.  From  the  base  line  on  the 
perpendicular  line  mark  off  12  one  inch 
spaces   and   connect   each    division    with 


44 


THE     CARl'EN'TEK 


zero  on  the  base  line  marked  C.  Fig.  1, 
giving  the  diagonal  of  the  run  and  rise 
or  pitch  of  the  common  rafters  from  1 


*n     \ 


representing  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot  of 
run  of  the  common  rafter. 

To  illustrate  the  use  of  the  diagram 


A^ 


c 

a, 
S 


=^Eh 

\ 

1  ■      \ 

NJ 

'    '     '        ^  rvi\ 

-      y  \\         y 

'.  ■  .  \        "" 

V\        * 

-          \\\        \ 

Cs 

' 

-^ 

a: 


* 


r 

V- 


8" 
to 

|- 

8. 


o; 


sT&. 


Nttfc* 


\& 


s:\ 


,^\ 


'Oi  \ 


\     \ 


Ox 


^ 


Cn|  <|  Ou'  oj  *s  Ool  <Cl  Q 

Rise  in  Inches  per  foot  run  of  Common  Rafter 


in.   to  12  in.   rise  in   1   ft.     Number  the 
sub-divisions    as    shown,    each    number 


suppose  the  span  of  a  building  was  2«j 
ft.  0  in.,  %  pifch,  the  rafters  rising  9  in 


TUK     C.nii'E.N'TEK 


•i'.'j 


in  1  ft.  The  run  of  the  common  rafter 
would  be  10  ft.  0  in.,  or  one-half  the 
span  of  the  building.  Lay  a  rule  on  the 
9  in.  pitch  line  on  the  diagram  and  meas- 
ure from  zero  on  the  base  line  to  the 
intersection  of  the  10  in.  perpendicular 
line  and  the  !)  in.  pitch  line  as  C-D,  Fig. 
1,  giving  121/2  in.  or  12  ft.  6  in.,  the 
length  of  the  common  rafter.  In  every 
case  the  run  is  measured  from  zero  on 
the  base  line,  the  rise  is  measured  from 
the  base  line,  the  length  is  measured 
from  zero  on  the  pitch  line. 

To  make  a  diagram  for  use  in  de- 
termining the  lengths  of  hip  and  valley 
rafters,  mark  off  on  the  base  line  from 
the  perpendicular  line  17  one  inch  spaces 
(17  in.  being  the  diagonal  of  12  in.  and 
12  in.  or  the  run  of  a  hip  rafter  for  1  ft. 
of  run  of  a  common  rafter)  and  number 
as  shown  in  Fig.  2.  Sub-divide  each  1 
in.  space  into  %  in.  spaces,  laying  them 
out  accurately  and  marking  the  lines  in 
with  a  sharp  knife.  This  base  line  rep- 
resents 1  ft.  of  run  of  a  hip  rafter  for  1 
ft.  of  a  run  of  a  common  rafter.  From 
the  base  line  on  the  perpendicular  line 
mark  off  12  one  inch  spaces  and  connect 
each  division  with  zero  on  the  base  line 
marked  F,  Fig.  2,  giving  the  diagonal  of 
the  run  and  rise  or  pitch  of  the  hip  and 
valley  rafters  from  1  in.  to  12  in.  rise  in 
1  ft.  of  the  common  rafters.  Number 
each  sub-division  as  shown. 

To  illustrate  the  use  of  the  diagram 
refer  to  the  same  problem  as  that  used 
in  finding  the  length  of  the  common  raf- 
ter, span  of  building  20  ft.  0  in.,  with 
pitch  of  9  in.  in  1  ft.  The  run  of  the 
hip  is  the  diagonal  of  the  run  of  the 
common  rafter,  or  the  diagonal  of  10  ft. 
0  in.  and  10  ft.  0  in.  Lay  a  rule  on  the 
diagram,  Fig.  1,  and  measure  the  di- 
agonal distance  A-B,  measuring  from 
the  10  in.  point  on  the  rise  to  the  10  in. 
point  on  the  run,  or  14%  in.  full,  or 
14  ft.  1%  in.,  run  of  the  hip  rafter. 

To  determine  the  length  of  the  hip 
refer  to  Fig.  2.  Lay  a  rule  on  the  9  in. 
pitch  line  on  the  diagram  and  measure 
from  zero  on  the  base  line  to  the  inter- 
section of  the  14%  in.  perpendicular  line 
and  the  9  in.  pitch  line  as  E-F,  Fig.  2, 
giving  1G  in.  full  or  16  ft.  %  in.,  length 
of  the  hip  rafter.  In  determining  the 
length  of  a  rafter  the  run  is  measured 
from  zero  on  the  base  line,  the  rise  is 
measured  from  the  base  line  and  the 
length    is    measured    from    zero    on    the 


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THE     C  A  R PEXTEB 


pitch  line.  In  determining  the  run  of  a 
Lip  rafter  the  run  of  the  common  rafter 
;s  measured  off  on  the  base  and  perpen- 
dicular line  from  the  intersecting  point 
of  both,  so  as  to  form  a  perfect  square, 
rhe  run  being  the  diagonal  of  a  square 
whose  sides  equal  the  run  of  a  common 
rafter. 


Concrete  Stairs 

(By  G.  D.  Mills,  L.  D.  No.  910, 
St.  John,  N.  B.) 

Flights  of  concrete  stairs  will  vary 
in  design,  depending  on  the  location  and 
use,  they  are  to  be  put  to.  The  ordinary 
cellar  steps,  or  two  or  three  steps  enter- 
ing a  door,  or  front  yard,  can  be  provid- 
ed with  forms  by  most  any  one.  but  if 
one  or  more  flights  are  required,  in  a 
concrete  building,  to  reach  the  upper 
floors,  much  care  and  careful  considera- 
tion will  be  necessary,  to  properly  de- 
sign them. 

In  Fig.  1  will  be  found  a  view  of  the 
lower  staircase  of  a  wing  on  a  concrete 
warehouse,  which  the  writer  built  about 
twelve  years  ago. 


and  boards,  made  to  conform  to  the  re- 
quired height  and  width,  and  cut  diag- 
onally with  a  hand  saw:  a  little  care 
should  be  exercised  in  constructing  this 
form,  not  to  nail  the  boards  on  the  line 
of  cut.  After  the  form  is  cut  in  two 
parts,  the  treads  and  :  rs  .  :.  be  laid 
out  on  one  of  the  parts  with  a  view  to 
setting  the  string  up  inverted,  or  upside 
down;  compared  with  the  ordinary 
of  setting  stair  strings;  two  strings  or 
half  forms  will  be  required,  and  the 
other  two  half  forms  can  be  used  to  con- 
struct the  soffit,  by  connecting  with 
boards  cut  to  the  width  of  stairs,  the  re- 
inforcing rods  can  then  be  placed  on 
the  soffit,  and  also  in  the  vertical  walls, 
the  outside  forms  set  in  place,  after 
which  the  riser  boards  can  be  nailed  to 
connect  the  two  string  forms  as  shown 
in  Fig.  2. 


The  flight  is  not  an  open  string,  but 
is  provided  with  a  protecting  wall,  in 
liie  event  of  a  conflagration  on  the  lower 
floor,  thus  affording  protection  to  the  oc- 
t-upants  above,  in  making  their  escape. 
strings  for  this  wall  are  provided 
from  an  ordinary  c  ucr<  :     forms  of  2x4s 


recting 
usually 
le  form 
slightly,  in  order  to  permit  a  man  to  pull 
the  wires  through,  and  tack  the  8  in. 
stretchers  to  the  form,  after  which  the 
form  wires  can  be  wedged  up  on  the 
outside,  with  two  sawn  wedges  for  each 
wire,  2  in.  wide,  and  a  nail  drove  half 
way  through  to  hold  them  in  place. 

The  forms  can  now  be  filled  up  with 
concrete,  and  if  the  edges  of  treads  are 
to  be  provided  with  metal  protection  this 
can  be  done  before  the  mixture  has  set. 
by  placing  the  angle  iron  or  mason's 
treads  in  the  mixture  when  it  is  soft, 
and  they  should  be  provided  with  count- 
ersunk bolts  to  hold  in  place. 


THE    CARPENTER 


47 


How   To    Understand,    Read,   and    Work 
From  PJans  and  Specifications 

(By  Owen  B,  Maginnis.j 

The  subject  into  which  we  are  about 
to  enter  is  one  which  it  behooves  every 
carpenter,  joiner  and  woodworker  to  get 
acquainted  with  in  order  that  he  may 
succeed  in  his  craft  and  trade. 


The  manual  dexterity  aud  skill  having 
been  acquired  and  learned  so  as  to  be 
skilled,  every  mechanic  should  set  him- 
self to  study  how  to  read  and  work 
from  architects'  and  engineers'  drawings 
and  plans,  and  how  is  this  to  be  done? 

Perhaps  the  best  way  to  gain  this 
knowledge,  would  be  to  attend  a  good 
evening  or  night  high  school  where  it  is 
imparted  free  by  a  competent  instructor 
and  in  the  larger  cities  these  schools 
may  be  found,  but  those  residing  in 
villages  or  country  places  would  do  well 
to  write  the  correspondence  schools  and 
institutes  who  will  furnish  this  knowl- 
edge by  mail  for  a  reasonable  consider- 
ation. In  the  meantime  I  will  endeavor 
to  impart  to  readers  the  elements  of  this 
essential  pax-t  of  a  perfect  mechanic's 
education. 

A  "plan"  according  to  the  dictionary, 
is    the  representation   of   anything   on    a 


elevation  of  this  building  is  shown  at 
Fig.  4,  so  that  every  set  of  building 
plans  should  have  at  least  four,  for  the 
proper  guidance  of  mechanics  and  ma- 
terial men  in  carrying  forward  the  ex- 
ecution of  the  workmanship  and  labor 
necessary  to  the  full  and  entire  comple- 
tion of  the  structure. 

Special  parts  or  unusual  features  are 
named  details,  or  detailed  drawings  and 
are  either  made  to  a  very  large  scale  or 
full  actual  size,  and  here  we  must  ask 
ourselves  what  "scale"  is? 

Scale  in  architecture  or  engineering 
is  anything  graduated  as  a  measure,  or  a 
proportion  of  parts  and  is  used  so  that 
by  assuming  a  certain  small  part  as  a 
measurement  or  dimension  to  delineate 
the  full  size  as  completed.  It  is  usual  to 
take  one  standard  lineal  inch  or  parts 
thereof  as  being  on  paper,  equal  to  one 
full  foot  of  twelve  inches,  or  parts  there- 


of, as  one-quarter  of  an  inch.  These 
flat  surface,  a  sketch,  scheme,  or  pro- 
ject; therefore,  the  plan  of  a  house  is  a 
true  and  accurate  representation  of  how 
it  is  to  be  built. 

Plans  are  of  various  kinds,  but  those 
mostly    in    use    in    building   construction 


48 


T  IT  E     CARPENTER 


and  engineering  practice  are  first  hori- 
zontal sections  of  the  work  to  be  clone 
at  the  several  tiers  or  stories  and  simply 


-  &J3~- 

designated  by  the  word  "plan,"  as:  First 
Story  Plan  (See  Fig.  1).  Second  Story 
Plan    (See  Fig.   2).     Third  Story  Plan, 


(See  Fig.  3),  which  are  those  intended 
and  presumably  drawn  for  a  lar^e  sub- 
urban frame  house. 

The  front,  side  and  rear  views  are 
termed  elevations,  and  of  which  a  side 
are  sub-divided  into  12  spaces  each,  of 
which  is  assumed  to  be  equal  to  one 
actual  full  inch  as  shown  on  an  or- 
dinary carpenter's  pocket  two-foot  rule. 

For  example,  %  equals  1  ft,  the  scale 
to  which  the  plans  represented  in  this 
article  were  made  is  one-quarter  of  an 
inch,  divided  into  12  spaces  each,  of 
which  when  drawn  on  paper  is  equiva- 
lent to  one  full  inch  and  the  whole 
quarter  inch  on  paper  is  presumably  one 
full  foot  of  material  or  constructed  work, 
so  that  every  mechanic  should  purchase 
a  scale  rule,  and  try  and  learn  its  appli- 
cation and  use.  They  can  be  purchased 
very  cheaply  and  generally  have  the  fol- 
lowing scales  on  a  6  or  12  in.  instru- 
ment: y±  in.  scale,  y2  in.,  %  in.,  1  in., 
1%  in.,  and  3  in.,  which  means: 

%  in.  equals  1  ft. 

y2  in.  equals  1  ft. 

%  in.  equals  1  ft. 

1  in.  equals  1  ft. 

1%  in.  equals  1  ft. 

3  in.  equals  1  ft. 

And  the  parts  of  these  would  be  12 
in  %  in.,  12  in  y2  in. — 16  in.  in  %  in., 
12  in  1  in.,  eighths  in  1  y2  in.  scale  and 
quarter  inches  in  3  inch  scale ;  all  of 
which  may  seem  difficult  to  comprehend, 
but  will  not  be  difficult  to  grasp  mentally 
after  a  little  close  study  of  a  scale  rule. 
The  carpenters'  rule  may  be  used  for  the 


THE    CARPENTER 


49 


1%  in.  and  3  in.  scales  and  for  this  rea- 
son working  drawings  and  details  are 
usually  laid  out  to  these  scales  as  being 
simpler  to  work  from,  although  the  % 
in.  scale  is  preferred  by  many  as  more 
economical  of  paper. 

Of  course,  it  is  usually  in  the  practice 
of  building  construction,  etc.,  to  furnish 
the  builder  and  mechanic  plans  with  the 
dimensions  figured  on  and  for  each  part 
as  will  be  observed  in  the  first  plan,  Fig. 
1,  which  is  a  representation  of  the  cellar 
or  foundation  plan  of  the  supposed  build- 
ing, so  to  explain  it,  we  will  figure  up 
the  layout  and  show  how  the  sizes  must 
tally  to  insure  correctness. 

Commencing  with  the  front  measure- 
ments we  add  them  together,  thus : 
22   ft.    8  in 
13  ft.   0  in. 


35  ft.   8  in. 
12  ft.   8  in. 


48  ft.  4  in.,    which    would 
e    the    outside    width,     including    the 
piazza  foundation. 

The  building  line  is  placed  7  ft.  8  in. 
plus  1  ft.  8  in.  back  from  this,  and  7  ft. 
in.  to  the  right  side  actually  figures 
48  ft.  4  in.  minus  9  ft.  6  in.,  which  is 
38  ft.  10  in. 

It  is  usually  in  practice  to  start  by  es- 
tablishing a  point,  generally  the  left 
|  hand  front  corner  of  the  building  proper 
!,as  A  hi  Fig.  1,  at  which  the  heel  or  cor- 
laer  of  a  steel  square  may  be  set  or 
placed  at  a  nail  or  tack  on  the  top  of  a 
stake  or  peg  driven  solidly  and  at  the 
fixed  level  into  the  ground. 

A  square  angle  having  been  obtained, 
all  the  measurements  may  be  made  from 
'his  point  by  employing  a  10  ft.  pole 
)r  tape  line  by  laying  off  from  A  48  ft. 
3  in.,  and  so  on.  Going  to  the  left  hand 
,  >r  say  south  gable  layout,  stretch  a  line 
I  is  A-B  for  the  outside  face  line  of  the 
wall  and  space  off  the  indicated  dimen- 
sions, which  may  be  verified  in  the  fol- 
owing  manner,  and  total  up  to  equal 
;hose  on  the  right  side. 

Right  Side 

9  ft.   0  in.   1st  dimension 

8  ft.  0  in.   2nd  dimension 

15  ft.   8  in.  3rd  dimension 

12  ft.    10  in.   4th  dimension 

10  ft.   6  in.  5th  dimension 

3  ft.   2  in.   6th  dimension 

4  ft.  0  in.   7th  dimension 

5  ft.   6  in.   8th  dimension 


Left  Side 


11  ft.   6  in.   1st  dimension 

4  ft.   2  in.   2nd  dimension 

17  ft.  0  in.  3rd  dimes 

30  ft.   6  in.   4th  dimension 

4  ft.  2  in.  5th  dimension 

1  ft.   4   in.   6th  dimension 


Total    68  ft.   8  in. 

Proceeding  to  the  rear  from  the  cor- 
ner, B,  set  off  9  ft.  8  in.  plus  13  ft.  0  in., 
which  will  locate  the  corner  point  C,  and 
from  C  the  sum  of  the  different  short 
dimensions  must  be  computed  to  deter- 
mine the  inside  corner  as  D,  6  ft.  square 
out.  .  From  D  mark  the  outside  corner  E 
and  12  ft.  10  in.  down  locate  F. 

To  project  the  circular  bay  window 
formation  with  the  trammel  rod,  meas- 
ure off  on  it  4  ft.  6  in.,  as  radius,  and 
strike  the  semicircle  in  soft  clay  or 
earthly    soil,    cutting   the   line   from    H, 


-ei6Effis-6i 


fotal    68  ft.   8  in. 


and  from  H  square  out  2  ft.  8  in.  and 
draw  a  line  parade  lto  the  wall  line,  then 
space  off  4  ft.  1  in.,  3  ft.  5  in.,  3  ft.  5 
in.,  and  4  ft.  1  in.,  and  S  inches,  which 
will  complete  the  outline  of  the  bay 
window. 

To  layout  the  regular  octagonal  bay 
window  on  the  left  side  I  would  recom- 
mend readers  to  follow  the  method 
shown  in  Fig.  5,  viz :  Square  out  8  in. 
from  the  building  line,  then  draw 
through  its  end  parallel  to  the  south  line 
of  building,  as  P-Q,  Fig.  2,  measure  out 
to  the  right  from  T  4  ft.,  as  R,  and  from 
R  square  up  4  ft.,  as  R-S.  Join  S  and 
T,  which  will  give  the  sloping  side  of  the 
octagon.  Now,  through  S  draw  to  tbe 
right  parallel  to  P-Q,  and  set  off  its 
length  5  ft.  0  in.  Square  down  as  be- 
fore, and  repeat  the  same  operation  for 
the  right  sloping  side. 

Of  course,  the  steel  square  may  be 
employed  in  getting  these  figures  by 
taking  7  on  the  tongue  and  IT  on  the 
blade,  but  I  am  partial  to  working  from 


30 


THE     CARPENTER 


figured  dimensions,  as  the  slightest 
movement  of  the  hands  in  applying  the 
square  is  liable  to  distort  the  octagonal 
outline. 


Continuation  of  Criticism  of  Stairbuild= 

ing  By  R.  M.  Van  Gaasbeek  of  the 

Pratt   Institute,    Third   InstaII= 

ment,  By  L.  W.  Cooper,  789 

Lincoln  St.,  Galesburg,  III. 

We  must  next  get  out  our  bases  for 

our    posts.       Each    stair    shop,     (except 

where  he  is  held  to  an  architect's  detail  1 . 

establishes     a     certain     height     for     his 

gallery    bases    above    the    finished    floor, 

also  for  the  height  of  butress  above  floor. 

Some  think  4  in.  looks  good,  while  some 

choose  5  in.   or  6  in.      The  higher  it  is 

the   more    strength.      If   high    enough   a 

glueblock   can  be  set  between   the  floor 

line  and  post   tenon.      We  will  adopt  5 

in.  for  this  job.     The  inside  of  base  will 


be  G  in.  clear,  hence  6  plus  1%  makes  it 
7%   in.  over  all. 

On  a  drawing  board  or  any  board  with 
one  straight  edge  we  draw  two  parallel 
lines  7%  in.  apart,  square  off  for  top  of 
landing  base,  measure  down  5  in.  to  floor 
line,  then  one  riser  in  center,  then  with 
the  pitch  board  establish  the  top  of 
string,  also  the  bottom,  then  draw  lines 
for  the  timber  to  be  used,  also  for  plas- 
ter and  soffit  mold,  add  sufficient  margin 
for  base  to  project  below  and  you  have 
the  required  length  of  landing  base. 


We  will  find  the  length  of  the  next 
one.  The  13th  rise  is  in  center,  also 
the  11th.  so  we  will  establish  the  top  of 
string  above  the  13th  rise  with  the 
pitch  board  and  allow  1%  in.  above 
where  the  highest  point  of  string  hits 
edge  of  post,  which  will  be  the  top  of 
base.  Now,  as  the  11th  rise  is  also  in 
the  center,  we  need  only  drop  down 
three  risers,  then  square  over  to  about 
%  in.  forward  of  base  and  lay  out  the 
10th  rise  and  with  the  pitch  board  es- 
JO 


Fi%$.l5 


tablish  the  bottom  of  string,  plaster, 
timber  and  soffit  mold,  and  allow  margin 
for  base  to  project  below  and  you  have 
length  of  base.  Add  a  little  for  trim- 
ming, and  by  the  same  method  find  the 
required  length  of  first  and  second  base. 
Glue  up  all  the  bases  and  keep  the  glue 
block  far  enough  down  from  the  top  to 
clear  the  tenon.  This  should  be  done 
simultaneously  with  glueing  up  the 
winders  and  building  up  the  wall 
strings,  etc. 

Now  we  will  cut  our  butress  strings 
as  shown  in  Fig.  15.  The  first  and  top 
string  are  both  the  same,  as  both  risers 
are  in  center  of  posts,  while  the  second 
string  is  shown  in  same  figure,  extend- 
ing above  and  below  to  the  required 
length  of  first  and  third.  The  dotted 
lines  show  the  face  of  post  and  the  full 
line  the  end  of  tenon.  The  top  of  tenon 
is  cut  square  to  the  face  line  of  post,  as 
also  is  the  bottom  one  at  lower  end  of 
string.  We  now  have  our  bases  glued 
up  and  strings  cut.  let  us  lay  out  the 
bases.  Take  the  landing  base,  square 
the  top,  measure  down  5  in.  and  mark 
the  floor  line.  If  there  are  any  defects, 
turn  them  to  the  parts  that  will  be  cut 
out  or  covered.  Mark  the  face  of  loth 
rise  and  lay  out  the  14th  step,  leaving 
a  a  keyway  below  step.  .Square  around 
to  the  string  line,  measure  the  height 
of  string  on  plumb  line,  (they  should  all 
be  the  same),  take  the  height  of  string 
above  step,  hold  the  end  of  rule  at  said 
height  on  the  step  line  on  base,  mark 
the  top  of  tenon,  also  the  full  height  of 


THE     CARPENTER 


51 


mortice.  You  know  the  full  height,  so 
.you  need  only  measure  the  portion  above 
■and  let  the  rule  figure  the  lower  one. 
Your  margin  is  2%  in.  and  the  mortice 
should  he  at  least  9-16  in.  deep  for  a  % 
in.  tenon.  Take  the  pitch  board,  draw  a 
line  at  hack  and  lower  corner  of  15th 
rise  and  another  one  parallel  below  it  for 
(he  bottom  of  timber,  then  one  for  plas- 
ter and  one  for  the  suffit  mold,  allow 
margin  and  square  off  for  bottom  of 
base. 

Now  allow  for  the  floor  and  floor  joist 
and  cut  straight  through  at  back  of  15th 
rise,  but  be  sure  it  is  cut  so  that  it  will 
slip  over  easy.  If  %  in.  floor  is  used  it 
should  be  cut  at  finish  floor  line,  but  if 
5-16  in.  hardwood  floor  is  used  it  should 
be  housed  for  the  landing  shown  in  Fig. 
10  and  the  rest  of  base  run  down  to 
rough  floor  and  let  the  finish  floor  cut 
against  it.  The  3rd  base,  square  off  for 
the  top,  allow  margin  above  string 
(which,  if  a  %  in.  butress  cap  is  used, 
1%  in.  will  be  sufficient),  measure  por- 
tion of  tenon  above  step,  hold  rule  at 
bottom  of  said  margin  and  mark  top  of 
13th  step,  also  full  height  of  tenon. 
Square  around  and  lay  out  13th  step 
and  rise,  drop  down  and  lay  out  the  12th 
step,  as  the  12th  riser  cuts  against  back 
of  base,  drop  down  one  more  rise  and 
lay  out  the  11th  step  and  rise,  then  drop 
down  to  the  10th,  which  takes  you  out 
of  the  base,  measure  the  portion  of 
string  tenon  above  10th  step,  lay  out 
mortice  as  above  directed,  take  the  pitch 
board  and  mark  for  the  timber,  plaster 
and  soffit  mold  and  allow  for  margin 
and  square  off  and  proceed  in  same  man- 


-gn£ESs-6i 


rza./S. 


ner  to  lay  out  the  other  two  bases,  tak- 
ing the  location  of  riser  from  full  size 
detail 

House  out  for  steps,  risers  and  tenons, 
leaving  a  key  way  under  steps  and  back 
of  risers.  Clean  up  and  nail  a  thin  pro- 
tection board  on  top  and  bottom  of  base. 
Before  they  leave  the  shop  the  string 
should  be  tried  into  the  base,  and  they 
should  have  just  a  full  step  from  face 


of  rise  in  string  to  face  of  rise  in  base 
and  the  tenons  should  enter,  and  fill  the 
mortise.  Before  this  subject  gets  fold 
we  will  consider  laying  out  the  newel 
proper,  but  first  let  me  ^ive  a  simple 
rule  to  find  the  approximate  length  <>f 
base  for  glueing  up.  We  will  use  Hi" 
3rd  base  for  example.  Take  the  vertical 
height  of  string,  butress-cap.  timber, 
plaster  and  soffitmold  plus  the  margin 
above  and  below  string,  which  in  this 
case  will  total  about  19%  in.  As  you 
can  readily  see  this  already  includes  one 
rise,  there  being  4  risers  in  this  base,  we 
must  add  3x6  3-16  in.  or  18  9-16  in., 
making  a  total  of  3S  1-16  in.  to  which 
it  is  well  to  add  a  safety  margin  for 
trimming,  etc.  Now  we  have  decided  to 
use  a  sunk  panel  post  with  1  %  in.  cor- 
ners and  margins.  Our  gallery  rail  is 
2  ft.  6  in.  to  the  under  side  and  our 
base  is  5  in.  high.  We  first  lay  off  the 
floor  (of  landing  newel)  base,  base  mold, 
margin  of  1  %  in.  above  same,  margin 
of.  same  height  below  rail,  rail,  same 
margin,  and  cap  molding. 

It  is  necessary  to  lay  out  rail  lines  on 
one  side  only  unless  it  be  an  angle  post, 
but  carry  all  other  panel  lines  around 
newel  3  in.  or  3~y2  will  be  sufficient  for 
tenon.  All  gallery  newels  will  be  the 
same,  save  that  they  may  be  angle  new- 
els or  a  balustrade  may  continue  straight 
on  opposite  side,  except  the  landing 
newel.  As  the  bases  are  made  male  and 
female,  and  the  newel  does  not  go  in 
till  the  job  is  ready  to  finish,  we  cannot 
complete  the  height  of  rail  from  the 
housing  lines  on  base,  but  we  have  the 
gallery  rail  height  and  we  know  that 
the  rake  is  4  in.  lower,  so  we  square 
around  from  the  bottom  of  rail  to  a  point 
over  the  15th  rise  and  drop  down  4  in. 
and  from  this  point  take  the  pitch  board 
and  mark  down  the  rake  as  shown  by 
dotted  lines  in  Fig.  13,  add  the  panel 
margin  and  square  over,  take  the  ver- 
tical height  of  rake  rail,  add  the  margin 
above. 

There  will  be  a  small  panel  above  the 
rake  rail  on  landing  newel.  The  rake 
newels  will  all  be  the  same  height.  Lay 
out  same  as  gallery  newel,  allowing  for 
margins,  rail  and  trimmings  and  you 
have  established  the  rail  height.  You 
are  now  standing  on  the  landing  looking 
down  at  the  3rd  newel  in  Fig.  13.  You 
can  follow  the  dotted  lines  clown  to  the 
12th  rise.  Now  step  down  to  a  point 
where  the  7th  rise  hits  the  wall  string 
and  follows  the  dotted  lines  in  Fig.  14  to 


T  II 


C  A RTF  X  TER 


the    11th    rise,    then    follow    the    c<  : 

::    to    the    10th.      The    10th    rise    is 
about  1%   in.  forward  froni  the  newel. 
You   can   drop   down    rhe   full   rise   and 
subtract  the  rise  on  1%  in.  which  is, 
this  -32  ::..     The  bottom  of  rail 

is  about  the  top  of  base  mold. 

I  told  you  to  save  the  rippings  from 
the  steps.  There  should  be  S  of  them. 
but  yon  need  16  to  make  the  four  posts 
shown  in  Fig.  12.  We  will  make  the 
panels  5-16  in.  deep,  that  will  leave  the 
shaft  of  post  5%  in.  If  you  have  a  shop 
equipped  with  plainer  and  buzz-plainer, 
make  them  a  little  strong  so  when  they 
are  glued  up  you  can  joint  and  square 
two  sides  and  ran  the  other  two  through 
the  plainer  to  the  net  size.  These  rip- 
ings  are  1%  in.  Thick,  joint  one  edge 
square,  and  run  the  other  through  the 
plainer  to  the  same  size.  Set  the  saw  to 
rip  5-16  in.  by  13-16  in.  high  and  rip 
out    your    corner    from   both   sides.      If 


Ft 


i 


17. 


not  equipped  with  a  buzz-saw,  this  can 
be  done  with  a  plough,  using  a  narrow 
cutter  and  working  from  both  edges. 
Glue  these  corners  on  and  fill  in  for  the 
rails  and  ends.  ere.  Clean  up  and  glue 
on   the   cap   molding,   also  the  cap   and 

(neck  mold  if  such  is  used),  but  fit  the 
last  mold  and  tack  it  on  so  it  can  be 
easily  removed  when  post  is  set. 

The  top  of  base  should  be  marked  on 
newel  and  the  base  mold  should  be 
numbered  so  it  will  go  back  where  it 
was  fitted,  should  there  be  any  varia- 
tion in  newel.  When  setting  the  newel 
care  should  be  taken  to  make  the  start- 
ing newel  firm.  It  is  well  to  locate  and 
plumb  it  up.  and  drive  eight  wedges  with 
glue,  two  on  a  side  at  the  corners,  but 
not  so  tight  as  to  split  the  base.     Nail 

'.:  >ugh  the  top  of  the  base  so  that  the 
mold  will  cover,  trim  off  wedges  and 
nail  on  the  ba  m  I.  Xo  harm  to  glue 
that    either    on    starting    newel.       The 


angle  newels  are  always  rigid,  hence  less 
care  is  necessary. 

As  this  work  goes  with  the  finish  we 
will  go  back  and  put  up  our  stair  first- 
Make  a  height  rod  and  establish  the  5th 
and  11th  rise.  Set  a  spike  at  about  1 
in.  from  corner  at  these  height?.  The 
method  of  cutting  out  a  string  for  the 
landing  header  and  intersecting  it  for 
base  is  shown  in  Fig.  16.  Hold  the  rule 
plumb,  and  mark  the  height,  then  meas- 
ure at  right  angles  from  top  of  string 
and  mark  the  bottom,  draw  a  line  con- 
necting these  two  points.  We  some- 
times have  to  meet  a  high  base  from  be- 
1  w  and  glue  on  and  cut  plumb  as  shown 
by  dotted  lines  and  sometimes  we  come 
so  close  to  the  corner  that  a  dog-leg  is  re- 
quired similar  to  what  is  shown  by  dot- 
ted lines  at  top  of  string.  In  turning  a 
corner  of  boxed  stairs  this  dog-leg  would 
be   much   higher,    especially   in   case    of 


Fz'Q./d. 

winders   when   it   is    more    practical    to 
turn  the  grain  of  the  dog-leg  vertical. 

Assuming  that  our  landing  string  is 
cut  to  suit  these  requirements,  we  cut 
the  corner  of  the  14th  step  to  suit  base, 
lay  the  base  in  a  clean  place,  and  insert 
step  in  housing  and  with  glue  on  a  key, 
drive  it  home,  squaring  base  with  the 
step.  Then  lay  the  landing  string  on  the 
floor  and  turn  the  other  end  of  step  into 
it  and  glue  a  key  in  it.  Put  in  the 
landing  ana  landing  riser  and  back  nail 
and  nail  to  post  and  string,  proving  the 
base  with  a  square  from  the  step.  Now 
hook  the  lower  end  of  string  on  the  spike 
you  drove  at  the  height  of  11th  rise  and 
set  the  post,  landing  step  and  riser  in 
place  and  tack  to  wall,  putting  %  in. 
furring  behind  the  1*£  in.  string  to  bring 
it  to   the  base  line.     Fit  the  13th  step 


THE     CARPENTER 


nto  the  3rd  base  and  set  in  place  with 
leg  under  step  and  a  dry  key  in  string, 
inking  sure  that  the  13th  step  is  level. 
tow  insert  the  butress  string,  drive  a 
ry  key  to  hold  step  home  and  tack  a 
all  from  ontside  of  string.  The  wall 
Mings  can  be  put  in  place  and  if  all  is 
•ell  nailed  fast. 
Insert  the  10th  step  and  glue  it  fast, 
lambing  and  staying  the  base  in  place, 
'it  the  6th  step  to  the  end  base  and 
lue  and  key,  square  with  step,  and  set 
i  place  with  a  leg  and  a  dry  key  in  the 
all  string.  Insert  the  2nd  butress 
ring  same  as  the  top  one,  set  the  3rd 
ep,  plumb  and  square  the  base.  The 
jrst  base  may  have  the  bull  nose  housed 
i.to  it  or  it  may  be  set  on  top.  If  the 
ill  nose  be  housed  in  it,  they  should  be 
it  together  first,  and  it  is  easier  to  key 
)  the  first  step  and  riser  first,  as  they 
•e  hard  to  reach,  the  2nd  rise  can  be 
serted  and  tacked  before  entering  it  in 
je  string  through.  Then  set  the  2nd 
ep  and  glue  key  it  to  the  base  and  in- 
rt  the  first  butress  string.  If  every - 
ing  has  come  out  right  we  may  next 
;oceed  to  key  up  our  common  steps  and 
:;ers.  If  they  are  tongued  and  grooved 
gether  (as  a  good  stair  should  be),  as 
:  Fig.  17.  we  start  at  the  top  and  drive 
*r  riser  keys  first,  at  the  same  time 
dving  riser  up  home  as  well.  Then 
top  off  surplus  keys  and  drive  the  step 
fys.  They  seldom  back  tongue  and 
pove  the  winders,  as  winders  should 
It  occur,  save  on  cheap  work.  The 
Inders  can  now  be  filled  in,  back  and 
b  nailed  and  set  carriage  timbers. 
Jould  this  flight  occur  aboA'e  another 
jht  they  should  be  furred  on  the  wind 
!  •  plaster. 

In  Fig.  9  an  under-ease  and  over-ease 
! i  shown  under  the  wall  string,  the  other 
'lings  should  be  thusly  fixed.  The  reg- 
t|.r  timbers  are  shown  to  stop  at  head- 
l;:.  Easement  lines  are  also  shown  on 
■".)  bases  at  "a"  and  "b,"  Figs.  13  and 
el  Two  by  fours  are  heavy  enough  for 
ei;tair  of  this  width.  They  can  be  cut 
"Im  the  wall  string  easements  to  face 
fjch  the  easement  lines  on  bases  and 
'•aild  be  level. 

1(  Fig.  19  is  perspective  of  the  under 
'je  of  t  stair  as  shown  in  Figs.  2  and 
;(l,  timbered  for  plaster.  Note  the  head- 
'  which  stop  the  regular  timber  and 
11  cross  furring  cut  between  the  ease- 
c  J  nts  lines  on  bases  to  the  wall  ease- 
ttSjQts.  As  mentioned  above,  the  brack- 
•f   may  be  notched  over  the  winder  tim- 


bers to  support  the  winder  steps.  At 
"a"  and  "l>"  you  see  a  block  set  for 
nailing  at   t lie   string   ends   and   at   "c" 

nailing  for  the  gallery   pilaster. 

Brackets  can  be  set  above  them  to 
support  the  winders,  and  the  wind 
should  be  lathed  with  metal  lath,  as  it 
takes  less  profanity  to  put  it  on  than 
it  does  wood  lath.  The  bracket  shown 
under  the  8th  step,  Fig.  9,  is  one  of  the 
most  important  things  about  a  stair. 

I  show  these  cut  with  a  slight  bevel 
on  top.  Set  the  bracket  :  o  the  forward 
corner  touch.es  the  step,  leaving  the  back 
a  trifle  open,  drive  one  nail  in  lower 
point,  to  fasten  it  to  the  timber,  toe  one 
nail  into  back  of  step  and  riser  and  one 
in  back  of  bracket  to  draw  it  up  to  step, 
then  put  two  more  into  timber,  five  in 
all.  The  next  bracket  goes  on  opposite 
side.  If  a  partition  is  set  under  a  but- 
ress string,  the  face  timber  should  be 
set  so  that  the  facia  will  lap  over  the 
plaster,  if  left  open  it  is  well  to  set  it 
with  outside  of  string  and  nail  inch 
pieces  across  it  and  string  to  tie  them 
together  and  carry  the  plaster  ground. 
Set  the  glue  blocks  and  if  a  base  comes 
over  a  partition,  knock  off  the  protec- 
tion so  they  can  plaster  up  close. 


Can  Some  One  Answer? 

■  We  first  have  a  square  of  8  in.  sides, 
divided  into  four  pans,  viz :  Two  trape- 
zoids of  equal  size  and  two  right  angle 
triangles  of-  equal  size,  whose  total  area 
is  64  sq  in.  Then  by  re-arranging  the 
same  two  trapezoids,  and  same  two  tri- 
angles into  a  rectangle,  whose  side  meas- 
ure 5x13  in.  we  have  65  in.  Why  the 
difference? 

W.   R.   DICKSON. 

Lone-  Beach,  Cal. 


on 


&       JUL       lib 

Cross  Section  of  a  Saw  Tooth  Koof. 


FIRST  PRIZE  $3 


How    Many    Objects    Beginnil 
With  "P"  can  You  Find  iri 
This  Picture? 


Follow  these  Simple   Easy    Rules 

1.  Any  man,  woman,  boy  or  girl  living  in  the 
U.  S.  but  residing  outside  of  Batavia,  III., 
who  is  not  an  employee  of  the  Household  Jour- 
nal, ora  member  of  the  employee's  family, 
may  submit  an  answer.    It  cost  nothing:  to  try. 

2.  All  answers  must  be  mail  by  May  30,  1922. 

3.  Answers  should  be  written  on  one  side  of 
the  paper  only  and  words  numbered  consecu- 
tively, 1,  2,  3,  etc.  Write  your  full  name  and 
address  oji  eaco  page  in  the  upper  right-hand 

not  write  subscribers'  names  or 
any  thing  else  on  same  paper  with  list  of  words 
arate  sheet. 

4.  Only  words  found  in  the  English  dictionary 
will  be  counted.  Do  not  use  compound,  hyph- 
enated or  obsolete  words.  Use  either  the  sin- 
gular or  plural,  but  where  the  plural  is  used 
the  singular  connot  be  counted,  and  vice  versa, 
B.  Woids  of  the  same  spelling  can  be  used 
only  once,  even  though  used  to  designate  dif- 
ferent objects,  The  same  objects  can  be 
named  only  once;  however,  any  part  of  the 
object  may  also  be  named. 
6.    Tne  answer  having  the  largest  and  nearest 

)rrect  list  of  words  of  visible  objects  shown 

!  the  picture  that  begin  with  the  letter  *'P" 

ill  be  awarded  First  Prize,  etc.    Neatness, 

style  or  handwriting  have  no  bearing  upon  de- 

answerlng 


awarded 


i-operate 
le  prize  w 

lor  will  prizes  be  a* 
!  of  any  group  outsid' 
more   have   fc 


ciding  the 

7.  Candidates  may   ( 
thePuzz-e,  but  only  < 
to  any  one  household 
ded  to  more  than  one  _. 
the  family    where    two 
working  together. 

8.  All  answers  will  receive  the  same  consi- 
deration regardless  of  whether  or  not  sub- 
scribtions  for  the  Household  Journal  are  sent 

9.  Three  prominent  business  men,  having  no 
connection  with  the  Household  Journal,  will 
be  selected  to  act  as  judges  and  decide  the 
winners,  and  participants  agree  to  accept  the 
decision  of  the  judges  as  final  and  conclusive. 

10.  The  judges  will  meet    directly    following 
close  of  the  contest  and  annoucement  of    win- 
ners and  correct  list  of  words  will  be  published 
In  the  Household  J 
after  as  possible. 
Ijarger  Puzzle  Pictures  Free 


'words  will  be  published 
aal  just  as  quickly  there- 


i  Request. 


nze 


COSTS  NOTHING  TO  TRY— YOU  CAN  WBN  $35©0 

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not  a  dream  but  a  reality,  a  golden  opportunity  for  you  to  help  yourself  to  $3000.00.  It  will  be  easy  I  Think  what 
can  do  with  this  young  fortune  and  then  help  yourself. 

It  costs  nothing  to  try.  In  this  picture  you  will  find  a  number  of  objects  and  parts  of  objects  whose  names  begin  l 
— -.  the  letter  "P."  Pick  out  the 

objects    like    "Pie"    "Plank" 

etc.    It's   easy   isn't  it.        Of 

course  it  is.  The  other  objects 

are  just  as  easy  to  see  but  the 

idea  is  to  see  who  can  get  the 

most.     This    is    not    a    trick. 

You    don't   have   to  turn   the 

picture    up    side    down.     Put 

down  each  word  as  you  find 

it  and  watch  your  list  grow. 
Get    the    family    around 

the   table — see   which   one    of 

you   can   find   the   most   "P" 

words.   You  will  be  surprised 

to    see    how    fast    your    list 

of  words  will  grow  in  just  a 

few    minutes.    Try    it    today, 

right  now   as  you  will  never 

have  an  easier  chance  to  get 

a  big  cash  prize. 

Send     in     your     list     of 

words    and    try    for    the 


Winning   answers  will   receive   prizes   as  foil 

If  $3.00         If  $5.( 

If  no  worth  of  worth 

subscriptions  subscriptions  subscrip 


are  sent 

are  sent 

are  set 

1st     Prize $25.00 

$750.00 

$301 

2nd   Prize          20.00 

250.00 

101 

3rd    Prize 15.00 

125.00 

51 

4th    Prize 10.00 

75.00 

2( 

5th    Prize 5.00 

50.00 

i! 

6th    Prize 5.00 

25.00 

.' 

7th    Prize 3.00 

15.00 

. 

8th    Prize 3.00 

10.00 

9'h    Prize-     .     2.00 

10.00 

10th  Prize    .       2.00 

10.00 

I 

(In  the  event  of  ties. 

duplicate 

prizes 

will 

be 

rjiven.) 

_ 

prizes.  This  is  not  a  subscription  contest — you  don't  have  to  do  any  canvass 
You  don't  have  to  send  in  a  subscription  to  win  a  prize  unless  you  want  to, 
our  Bonus  Rewards  for  you  make  the  prizes  bigger  where  subscriptions  are 
in.  For  example,  if  your  puzzle  answer  is  awarded  firs*  prize  by  the  judges 
will  win  $25.00,  but  if  you  would  send  $3.00  worth  of  subscriptions  for  our 
monthly  magazine  you  would  win  $750.00,  or  if  your  answer  is  awarded  first  r. 
prize  by  the  judges  and  you  have  sent  in  $5.00  worth  of  subscriptions  you  wi 
win  $3000.00.  See  list  of  prizes  above.  Nothing  more  will  be  asked  of  y« 
its  easy,  isn't  it.  I  don't  care  how  many  similiar  offers  you  have  seen  and  i 
this  is  the  most  liberal  of  them  all. 

BIG  $200,000.00  COMPANK  BACK  OF  THIS  OFFER— This  offer  is  n 
and  published  by  a  big  $200,000.00  Illinois  Corporation  of  years  standing. a 
company   widely  known   for  its  liberality   and  honest  dealings. 

The  Household  Journal  is  one  of  the  best  borne  magazines  published.  Fj 
with  fine  stories,  fancywork,  fashions,  Home  Helps,  Gardening,  Foultry,  j] 
The  subscription  price  is  four  years    (43   copies)    for   $1.00. 

Puzzle  Editor    -    THE  HOUSEHOLD  JOURNAL 


Department   1208 


EATAVS&,  1LLBNOSS 


1  n      I  A  shingle  that's  different 
J\OW!  from  all  others 

FLEXSTONE 

The  slate-surfaced  Asbestos  simple 

YOU  may  now  get  at  a  reduced  price 
many  of  the  extraordinary  merits  of 
the  famous  Johns-Manville  rigid  as- 
bestos shingle — for  Flexstone  Shingles, 
although  costing  less,  are  all-mineral, 
fire-resistant,  rot-proof.  They  are  made 
of  asbestos  felt  densely  impregnated 
with  asphalt,  embellished  with  red  or 
green  crushed  slate  and  are  not  to  be 
confused  witli  ordinary  slate-surfaced 
shingles. 

To  produce  an  asbestos  shingle  that  does  not 
curl,  rot  or  dry  out,  and  still  reach  the  price 
levels  of  ordinary  rag  felt  shingles  is  an 
achievement — for  the  cost  of  rag  felt  is  obvi- 
ously less  than  a  fabric  of  rock  fibre — asbestos. 

You  can  have  Flexstone  in  roll  form,  in 
strips,  or  in  single  shingles.  The  type  of  roof, 
locality  and  personal  taste  will  determine  that. 
But  be  assured  that  whatever  type  you  choose, 
Flexstone  is  a  roofing  of  real  asbestos  and  as 
such  assures  the  maximum  in  service,  economy, 
fire-safety  and  durability.  For  full  particulars 
address  nearest  branch  or  New  York  head- 
quarters. 

JOHNS-MANVILLE  Inc.,  Madison  Ave. ,  at  4 1st  St.,  New  YorkCity 

Branches  in  60  Large  Cities 

For  Canada:  CANADIAN  JOHNS-MANVILLE  CO.,  Ltd.,  Toronto 

Flexstone  Asbestos  SJHnr/les 
are  approvedby  Underwriters' 
Laboratories,  Inc.,  and  take 
base  rate  of  insurance. 


Asbestos  Roofing 


(Size  ii  x  7  inches.) 


For  the  carpenter  oa  t!;e  job  there  is  no  other  hand 
book  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  "rules  and  tables." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  2700  different 
lengths  of  rafters,  300  different  lengths  of  braces 
and  the  proper  cuts  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 
ing, stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc., 
and  in  fact  all  the  up-to-date  information  and 
"SHORT  CUT  RULES"  for  every-day  use  in  a  lirst 
class  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A. 

|~"  "" "         ""  "—  Mail  this  Coupon  to"         ~— '         ' .» 

I  D.  A.   ROGERS, 

|  3604    Stevens    Ave.,    Minneapolis,    Minn. 

.   Enclosed  find   $1.00   for  which  please  send  me  your  book 

I    CARPENTER     AND     BUILDERS     PRACTICAL     RULES 

|    FOR   LAYING    OUT    WORK. 

I   Name   

I   St.    and   No .. 

■   City   and   State -. 

I  The  Book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back. 


WhaU5c  Will  Bring  You 

Only  15c  gives  you  the  Pathfinder  13  weeks  EiV.n.Evi  4§ia 
ontrial.  ThePathfinderisacheerfulillustrated  rl  UIII  &E1«? 

■weekly,  published  at  the  Nation' s  center  for  peo-  R^3«  $[■>»,■«?.£» 
pie  everywhere;  an  independent  home  paper  that  EvflUOII  § 
tells  the  story  of  the  world's  news  in  an  interesting, 
understandable  way.  This  splendid  National  weekly 
costs  but  $1  a  year.  The  Pathfinder  is  the  Ford  of  the  "publishing 
world.®  Splendid  serial  and  short  stories  and  miscellany.  Question  Box 
answers  your  questions  and  is  a  mine  of  information.  Send  15  cents 
and  we  willsend  the  Pathfinderon probation  13  weeks.  The  15  cent3 
doos  nit  repay  us,  but  we  are  glad  to  invest  in  new  friends. 
The  Pathfinder!   £55     Landgden  Sia.,  Washington,  D.C. 


W^BSil^MBmS^^ 


Cut  out  big  profits.  Anyone  handy  with  ti 
can  make  a  cabinet  according  to  our  drawl 
and  simple  instructions.  We  furnish  meeli 
ical  part3  at  small  cost.  Drawings,  blue  pri 
parts,  price   list.   etc..   free  on  request.     Write  today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Conipai 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  01 


For  Twenty  Years  we  have  issued  this  Union  Stamp  for  use  under  our 


-£pT  CASE- 
WORKERS UNION 


UNION^RSTAMP 

Factory 


OUR  STAMP   INSURES: 

Peaceful  Collective  Bargaining 

Forbids  Both  Strikes  and  Lockouts 

Disputes   Settled  by  Arbitration 

Steady   Employment  and   Skilled  Workmanship 

Prompt  Deliveries  to  Dealers  and  Public 

Peace  and  Success  to  Workers   and   Employers 

Prosperity   of   Shoe   Making   Communities 

As  loyal  union  men  and  women,  we  ask  you 
demand  shoes  bearing  the  above  Union  Stamp 
Sole,    Insole    or    Lining. 


246  SUMMER  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 
Cotllis  Lovely,  General  President.     Charles  L.  Baine,  General  Secretary=Treasuj 


e  coupon  today  with  only  $1.00 
will  sh?p  this  handsome  6-piece 
set  of  fumed  solid  oak  right  to 
me  on  trial.  This  great  bargain 
>w  you  what  astounding  values 
&  Schram  offer  on  credit  —  a 
sonnt  each  month!  We  take  all  the 
:nd  only  $1.00  with  the  coupon.  We 
set  on  SO  days'  trial.  If  not  satisfied, 
tack  and  we  will  refund  your  $1.00 
freight  charges  you  paid.  If  satisfied,  pay  Oily  $2.70  a 
ntil  you  have  paid  the  full  bargain  price  of  $28.90  in  all. 


RicMy  Upholstered,  ah  the  foar 

are  thickly  padded  on  both  seats  and 
and  upholstered  with  brown  Delavan 
Spanish  leather,  the  best  imitation  of  genuine 
Spanish  leather  known.  The  upholstering  is 
soft,  of  a  rich  brown  color,  resilient,  and  will 
give  you  the  best  possible  service. 

Arill  Chair  la  a  roomy,  dignified  piece  of 
furniture,  comfortablo  and  bis  enough  for  a 
very  large  person  while  not  seeming  too  large 
for  the  ordinary  occupant.  Seat  19x171-2 
in.,  height  36  in. 

AriM  ROCker  Is  a  massive,  stately,  com- 
fortable piece,  with  beautifully  designed  back, 
wide,  shapely  arms,  and  smooth  operating 
runners.    Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in.,  height  36  in. 

Sewing  Rocker  Is  unusually  attractive 
and  useful.    Seat  17  x  17  in.,  height  bb  in. 

Reception  Chair  has  heavy  upholster- 
ing ana  beautiful  shape  to  match  the  o.bcr 
pieces.  Seat  measures  17x17  in.,  beight35in. 

Library  Table  Has  2  Bock  Racks 

A  beautiful  piece  of  library  furniture.  Has 
two  large  end  book  racks,  rocmy  magazine 
shelf  below.  Lee3  cut  of  2  inch  stock;  mas- 
sive, dignified.  Sides  beautifully  designed  to 
match  tBe^ chairs.  Top  measures 23  l-4x34in. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces. 
A  decoration  to  your  living  room  or  library. 
Carefully  built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2 
in.  high;  the  top  12  x  12  inches. 
Entire  suite  is  shipped  knocked  down  con- 
struction. Very  easy  to  set  up.  Saves  in 
freight  charges.  Weight,  about  175  pounds. 
Order  by  No.  B6844A.  $11. CO  with 
coupon.  $2.70  a  month,  price  $23.90. 


When  you  get  this  imagnificent  6-piece 
libraryset.put.it  in  your  living  room  or 
library  and  use  it  freely  for  30  days.  Don't 
pay  another  penny.  Examine  it  thoroughly. 
Note  the  massif  o  Bolid  construction— the  beauti- 
ful finish— the  fine  upholstery  and  graceful  lines. 
Compare  it  with  anything  you  can  buy  locally  at 
anywhere  near  the  same  price  —even  for  spot 
cash.  Then,  if  not  satisfied,  return  the  set  at 
our  expense  and  we  will  refund  your  $1.00  at 
oace,  plus  any  freight  charges  you  paid. 

A  Year  to  Fay 


Jit  Price 

1  Bargain  Catalog 

H  housands  of  bargains 
ftture,  jewelry,  carpets, 
Aiurtains,  silverware, 
VI  phs,  stoves,  porch  and 
H  niture,  women's,  men's 
■  'en's  wearing  apparel. 


Don't  delay!  Prices  at  rock-bottom 
nowl  Get  this  6-piece  library  set  on 
30  days'  trial.  We  have  only  a  limited 
number  of  sets ;  they  are  therefore  not 
listed  in  our  regular  catalog.  We  have 
reserved  them  for  new  customers  only.  Get 
your  set  while  they  last.  The  trial  costs  you 
nothing  if  not  satisfied.  Send  the  coupon 
today  -  NOW! 

Register    3012 
t  West  35th  Street,  Chicago 


If  yon  decide  to  keep  the  set,  start  making-small 
monthly  payments,  so  low  and  so  convenient 
that  you  will  scarcely  feel  them  while  you  enjoy 
the  proud  ownership  of  so  magnificent  a  set  of 
furniture.  A  full  year  to  pay— at  the  rate  of 
only  a  few  cents  a  day.  We  send  our  complete 
catalog;  when  we  ship  the  set.    We  trust  honest 

people  anywhere  in  the  United  States.  One  price  to  all,  cash  or  credit. 

bo  discount  for  cash.  Mot  one  ponnycxirafor  credit.  NoC.O.O 

IIIIllIIIIIIIIIlIIDIIIIIIMIIIIllSISSillllllUIIlinilllllllllllllilllllllll  I 

I  Straus  &  Schram,  Reg.  3012     W.  35th  St.,  Chicago 

S        Enclosed  find  $1.   Ship  special  advertised  6-piece  Upholstered 

"     Fumed  Oak  Library  Suite     1  axn  to  have  30  days' free  trial.    If 

I  keep  tha  suite,  I  will  pcy  you  52.70  monthly.    If  not  satisfied. 


I  am' to  return  "the  suite"  within  30  days  and  you  are  to  refund 
my  money  and  anv  froirht  charges  I  paid. 

rj  G-Pieca  Library  Set  No.  B6844A.  S28.90. 

Name 

Street,  R.  F.  D. 

or  Box  No ....,.,.. 

Ski- ping 

Point 

Port 

Office      State 

II  Yon  fJ-.?i;'  Want  Catalog.  Put  X  -n  Box  Below: 
OFii.tilure,  Stoves,  Jewelry  GMeus,  Women's,  Children's  ClotaiDjj 


YOU  can  BUILD  this 
PHONOGRAPH  easily! 

TREMENDOUS  SAVING  IN  COST 


You  don't  need  to  be  a  cabinet  makers   We 
have  made  it  an  easy  and  a  pleasant  job  with 


Our  Simplified  Plans 


IK  MAKAFONE 


Build  i» 
Yooi£tlf" 


We  furnish  blue  prints,  diagrams, 

motor,  and  all  metal  parts  com- 

•  plete.    You  build  the  cabinet  and 

assemble.     A  few  hours'  work,  and    you  will  have  as  fine  a  type  of  phonograph 

as  any   produced,  and  at  a  price   away  below  what  you   would   pay   in  a  store. 

Keep  the  Savings  in  Your  Pocket 

Your  machine  will  play  all  records,  will  have  a  wonderful  tona!  quality,  excelled  by 
none.  No  need  now  for  any  family  to  be  without  a  phonograph  because  of  the  cost. 
THE  MAKAFONE  solves  the  problem.  BUILD  IT  YOURSELF  AT  LESS  THAN 
ONE -FOURTH  REGULAR  COST,  but  equal  to  the  high  priced  cabinet  machines. 
Free  Records  with  each  outfit.  SEND  TODAY  FOR  FREE  CATALOG  and  full 
particulars  of  our  wonderful  offer.  Matty  a  manufacturer  got  his  start  in  this 
way.     Why  not  you?    Build  machines  and  sell  to  your  friends.    Ask  us  about  this. 

AGENTS  ATTENTION      f--=«-»""— <■"««=  —  ■"■-■ 

You  can  make  and  sell  this  machine  from  «  VV  RITE    TOD  AY  ! 

our  plans  at  a  profit  of  $50  to  ST5  each,   ■    *  T    * 

Others  are  selling  two  and  three  a  week,   g  Pn!>F.RN  PHOVOGRAPH  SUPPLY  CO. 

Here    is  your  opportunity  to  make   big  "635  Springer  BMj^  313  St.  C&stm  St,  Ciicase,  II 

S   money  and  become  independent.    Pleas- 

9    ant  and  profitable  work.  START  TODAY. 

KflDERN  PHONOGRAPH  SUPPLY  CO. 

635  .jpringerBlda.,313So.CEatmSt.,Qikags,[n. 


-  Gentlemen:    Pleas*  «end  m 
tlaiiafoae  preposition,  «riu»u 

*  fall  particulars  ct  9«CC 
obligation  to  me. 

Street  Address.,***,; 

...,— U.**.. Jl 

Instant  Bunion  Relief 

ftWeltlttMy  Expense 


Don'tsend  meonecent— just  let  me 
prove  It  to  you  as  I  have  done  for  hund- 
reds and  thousands  of  others  in  the  last  six 
months.  lelaimtohavethemostsuceess- 
ful  remedy  for  bunions  ever  made  and  I 
want  youtoletmesendyoumy  Fairyfoot 
treatment  Free.  I  don't  carehow  many  so- 
called  cures,  or  shields,  or  pads  you  ever 
tried  without  success— I  don't  care  how 
disgusted  you  are  withthemall— youhave 
not  tried  my  remedy  and  I  have  such 
confidence  in  it  that  i  wi!!  send  you  a 
sample  treatment  absolutely  FREE 
and  afterwards   afullsizebox  C.O.D. 
which  you  can  accept  or  not  just  as  you 
wish.  Itis  a  simple  home  remedy  which 
relieves  you  almost    instantly  of  all 
pain;   it  removes  the  bunion  enlarge- 
ment and  thus  the  agly  deformity  disap- 
pears—Just send  name  and  addresa  and 
Pslry'oot  will  be  sent  in  plain  sealed 
velope.    Write  today. 
Fcot  Remedy  Co.,  2207  Milla  rd  Ave.,    Dept.  120     Chi  cage 


ECONOMIZE    !   !   ! 

AUTOMATIC  SASH  HOLDERS 

Do  jgro^  Eliminate 

Avray        , —    .  |  feS*^'      —  . ' — v        Windcvc 

With      t£*       g       §=|        "ij_.jSj       Pockets 
Sash  —_=-..-— 

Weights, 
Cords.  Pulleys, 
Balances.    Etc 

Send   SI. 00  for  trial 
of  sash  when  ordering. 

HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

500  Fifth  Avenue  New  York.  N.  Y. 


Time  &  Labor, 
set  prepaid.     Mention  weight 
Address  Dept.   C. 


CARPENTERS: 

We  can  show  you  how  to  make 

$235  per  IV.ONTH  Up. 

in  your  own  vicinity.       WRITE 

WEATHERPROOF     COMPOUND     CO. 
709  FcJ   ration  B!  ._..  Chicago,  111 


wners 


f 


To  introduce  the  best  auto- 
mobile tires  in  the  world. 
Made  under  our  new  and  ex- 
clusive Internal  Hydraulic 
Expansi  onProce  ?  s  that  elim- 


inates  Blow-Out — Stone-Braise 
— Rim-Cut  and  enables  us  to 
sell  our  tires  under  a 


We  want  an  agent  in  every 
community  to  use  and  in- 
troduce these  wonderful 
tires  at  our  astonishingly 
low  prices  to  all  motor  car  owners. 
Write  for  booklet  fully  describing  this  new 
process  and  explaining  our  amazing  in- 
troductory offer  to  owner  agents. 

Hydro-UnifedTireCo. 

DspL    84     Chicago,  San  Francisco,  Pc";:owa,Pa' 


S20.00  Value  Set  MECHANIC 

Drawing  Instrument 

Special    Wholesale 

Price  S6.65  Postpaid 

Pocket  case  4x31  inch'1 
— velvet  lined  —  instn. 
ments  constructed 
solid  nickel  silver  at 
steel — guaranteed.  Ord 
now — supply  limited.  Fr  I 
illustrated  particulars.  I 
K.iTiOVA!  INSTRUMENT  C 
v/u...  '■'  rfawjiou  '  ,    - 


'cJ^MsSi—  _:_;; 


THE 

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Frank  Luthor.   Chicago,  says:       "The   Expert's 
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An  Opportunity  to  Increase  Your  Income 

Become    a    Contractor-Agent    for 

Ailmelal  Weatherstrip 

Right  now,  when  building  activities  arc  not 
so  good,  contractors  are  in  ruing  their  at- 
tention  lo  side-lines  as  a   source  of  income. 

Here's  an  Opportunity  for  You 

Agents  wauled  in  every  community  t<>  sell 
and  install  Allmetal  Weatherstrip.  There 
is  big  money  in  it.  Homes,  office  buildings, 
public  institutions,  etc.,  are  ripe  prospects 
in   these  times  of  high   coal   costs. 

Allmetal  Weatherstrip  Agent 
Earns  $5,000 

One  of  our  contractor  agents  made  $5,000 
during  the  past  year  selling  and  installing 
Allmetal.  And  it  was 
during  a  year  when  many 
reverses  were  against 
him.  In  normal  times 
his  earnings  could  have 
been  much  bigger.  We 
give  you  exclusive  terri- 
tory and  by  our  sales 
promotional  plan  assist 
you  to  land  contracts. 
Try  our  Pecora  Calking 
and  Glazing  Compound. 
An  absolute  seal  for 
openings  between  frame 
and  masonry.  Maintain-; 
line  of  contact  during 
shrinking,  swelling  or 
warpiug-a  permanent  seal. 

Ask  for  our  selling  plan. 

ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 
I26y2  West  Kinzie  Street,       Chicago. 


B1 


(BOOKS'  APPLI- 
ANCE, the  mod- 
ern, scientific  inven- 
tion, the  wonderful  new 
discovery  that  relieves 
rupture  will  be  sent  on 
trial.  No  obnoxious 
springs  or  pads.  Has 
automatic  Air  Cushons. 
Binds  and  draws  the 
broken  parts  together 
as  you  would  a  broken 
limb.  No  salves.  No 
lies.  Durable,  cheap. 
Sent  on  trial  to  prove 
it.  Protected  by  U.  S. 
Patents.  Catalog  and 
measure  blanks  mailed 
free.  Send  name  and 
address  today. 
C.B.  BROOKS.  252F  State  Street,  Marshall,  Michigan 


"T"    PLUMB    AND 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  made  of 
aluminum.  Can  be  easi- 
ly attached  to  any 
straight  edge.  Simple  to 
adjust.  Guaranteed  ac- 
curate. Size  3Jx2|  in. 
Price  $1.00   Delivered. 

PIN    MANUFACTURING 

CO. 
Box   1073,   Detroit,   Mich. 


THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRIEND 


Woodstock  and  lumber  is  high.  With  our  Jointer 
Heads  you  can  buy  rough  lumber  of  any  kind  and 
dress  it  to  suit  the  job.  Saves  time,  money  and 
lumber.  Would  this  be  any  object  to  you?  If  so. 
get  our  circular  prices.  Sold  on  30  day  trial. 
Whisler  Mfg.  Co.  Gibson,  Iowa 


oOLVE  this  puzzle,  win  Ford  Auto  votes  free.    The  letters  of  the 

0  alphabet  are  numbered:  A  is  1,  B  Is  2,  and  so  on.  The  figures  In  the 

%-m.,  little  squares  to  the  left  represent  four  words.     (20  Is  the  letter  "T".) 

^  Whatarethefourwords?  Can  you  work  It  out?  If  so,  sendyouranswer 

«*»    quick.    Surely  you  want  this  fine,  new  Ford  auto.    Send  no  money. 

flV    I  have  already  given  away  many  autos.    You  can  own  an  auto. 

SEND  ANSWER  TO-DAY 

We  not  only  give  away  this  Ford  auto,  but  hundreds  of  dollars  in  cash  and  scores 
of  other  valuable  prices.      Bicycles,  Guns,  Wa.ches,  Talking  Machines;  something 
for  everybody.     Everyone  who  answers  this  can  have  a  prize.       There  are  no  losers. 
n     V       m     ,  [,j        Nothing  difficult  to  do.      Everybody  wins.      Someone  eets  this  new,  latest   model 
UO  100  Want  It.'        Ford  Auto  free.    Electric  starter  and  lights.    Do  you  rant  It?   Write  today  and  be  first. 

FORD  WILLSON.  141  W.  Ohio  Street,      Dept.  2735  Chicago,  I1L 


Are  YOU  Old  At  Forty? 

What  Yon  Should  Know  About  the 
Glands  of  Your  Body 


We  Have  Many 
Letters  Like  These 

Lawrence,  Kansas. 
The  Electro  Thermal  Co., 
Sieubenvdle,  Ohio. 
The  Electro  T'ermal  ap- 
pliance is  an  EXCELLENT 
INSTRUMENT  FOE  THE 
TREATMENT  OF  REC- 
TAL AND  PROSTATIC 
CONDITIONS,  and  the 
most  satisfactory  rectal 
appliance  I  lave  ever  used. 
The  instrument  itself  is 
HIGH  GRADE  and  simple 
to  operate.  I  am  very  well 
pleased  with  t"~e  results 
produced  through  its  use. 

Yours  truly, 

Dr.  R.   C.  Albright. 

Canton.  Illinois, 
July  27.   1921. 
The     appliance     I     bought 
from    you    some    time    ago 
for  enlarged  prostate  saved 
me  from  an  operation.      Ir 
also    helped    my    digestion 
and    rheumatism.      It   is    a 
God-send    to    suffering    hu- 
manity,   a    trial    will    con- 
vince *  the    most    skeptical. 
Tou   may    use   this    as   you 
see  fit  with  my  signature. 
Yours  truly. 

R".  F.  Cox. 


Some  men  of  seventy  are  younger  in  vitality 
than  other  men  of  forty.  A  common  cause,  per- ; 
hi.ps  the  most  common  cause,  of  loss  of  strength 
and  vitality  in  men  past  forty  (and  some  of] 
younger  years)  is  PROSTATE  GLAND  DIS- 
ORDER. Men  whose  lives  have  been  the  heart- 
iest and  most  vigorous  are  not  exempt  from  the 
attacks  of  this  disorder.  We  have  published  a 
little  book  called 

Prostatology 

which  Trill  tell  you  much  you  wish  to  know  about  the 
prostate  gland  and  its  functions — and  how  a  disorder 
here  may  cause  sciatica,  backache,  painful  and  tender 
feet,  disturbed  slumber  and  other  painful  disturbances. 
It  will  tell  you  of  a  Thernialaid.  a  simple  means  by 
which  the  essential  of  a  new  hygienic  principle,  done 
into  convenient  form  corrects  this  prostate  gland  con-' 
dition  and  its  attendant  health  faults. — a  method  thai 
is  being  endorsed  by  prominent  Physicians.  Physical 
Culturists.  Chiropractors,  Osteopaths  and  other  leading, 
health  authorities.  The  book  will  be  sent  free,  with- 
out obligation  upon  receipt  of  your  simple  request 
Address 


MAIL  THE  COUPON 


NOW 


The  Electro  Thermal  Company,  2002  Main  Street,  Steubenville,  Ohio. 

Please  send  me  without  cost  or  obligation  your  free  book.  '•Prostatology." 

Name    

Address    

City  State 


ivery  Tablet 

One  dose  often  helps  com- 
mence to  enrich  your  blood 
and  revitalize  your  worn- 
out  exhausted  nerves — 
Nuxated  Iron  is  organic 
iron,  like  the  iron  in  your 
lood  and  like  the  iron  in  spin- 
ach. It  is  so  prepared  that  it 
will  not  injure  the  teeth  nor 
disturl)  the  stomach.  It  is  ready 
for  almost  immediate  absorp- 
tion and  assimilation  by  the 
blood  while  some  physicians 
claim  metallic  iron  which  peo- 
ple usually  take  is  not  absorbed 
at  all.  If  you  are  not  strong  or 
well  you  owe  it  to  yourself  to 
make  the  following  test :  See 
how  long  you  can  work  or  how 
far  you  can  walk  without  be- 
coming tired.  Next  take  two 
five-grain  tablets  of  Nuxated 
Iron — three  times  per  day,  after 
meals  for  two  weeks.  Then 
tost  your  strength  again  and 
;ee  how  much  you  have  gained.  Your  money 
vill  be  refunded  by  the  manufacturers  if  you 
lo  not  obtain  perfectly  satisfactory  results. 
Vt  all  druggists. 


Carpenters,  Bricklayers.  Contractors,  Build:rs  and 
I  others — Can  you  read  Blue  Prints?  If  not,  learn 
:  how.  It  will  help  yon  hold  your  job— it  will  get 
'  you  a  better  job — it  will  increase  your  earning  ca- 
pacity. Special  Courses  for  each  trade.  Write,  at 
:   once,  for  Free  blue  print  and  Catalog  B,  Stating  trade. 

ARCHITECTURAL,    MECHANICAL.    SHEET    METAL 
AND    STRUCTURAL    DRAFTING 

quickly   taup'it    at   home,   in   your  spare   time,    on   the 
''Pay    As    You    Study    Plan."       Books    and    tools    fur- 
nished   Free.      Write  today  for  Catalog   G.     It  means 
-.  more  pay. 

ESTIMATING— STEEL  S0.UARE 

Practical  Courses  making  the  various   details  simple 

i    and  clear.    It  will  give  you  the  training  that  will  take 

1   you  out  of  overalls  and  put  you  into  a   boss'  job.     Do 

f    not  miss  this  opportunity.    Write  now  for  Catalog.     E. 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1904 

|  nnnt     ioa.    Drexel   Bldg.,   Phila..   Pa. 


7<J 
for  30  days  trj  al  on  approval.Your 
Choice  of  44  Styles,  colors  and  sizeo 
ol  famous  Ranger  Bicycles.  Faetory- 
to-Rider  let9  yon  buy  at  wholesale 
prices,  express  prepaid,  direct  from  maker. 

|2MosithstoFay^ryR°aVgni0? 

*■»  at  one©.  Many  boys  and  girla  easily 
save  the  small  monthly  payments.  Tha 
Ranger  Is  a  better  bicycle  Cbia  yoo  caa 
buy  anywhere  at  any  price. 

TlJ«.»ja  lamps, horns, wheels, cartoand 
«<»  eQ'j.rjment  at  half  ^3Ual  prices. 
_    SEND  NO  MONEY.  Elmpt, ^rtKe  f or  oar  V-2.  Was 
vated  free  Ranger  catalog-  with  lowest  orlces  and 

~  Cycle  Company'^ 
©cpt,Hi2i«hicago  k&V^'00' 


MUSIC 

Learn  to  Play- 
Any  Instrument 


New  Easy  Way  K.TJ 


i  our  amazingly  sim- 
ple Lome  study  uietuod  yo' 
•an    quickly    1  arn     to    play    any    instrumeir . 
Fake   lessons  without    risk  as  outlined  in  o-  . 
guarantee.     You  elon't  pay  a  single  penny  un 
i'ss    completely    satisfied.      Learn    Piano,    Or 
ran,    Violin,    Banjo,    Mandolin,    Cornet,    Ilarj 
Cello,   Ukulele,   Saxophone,   Piccolo.   Clarinet 
Flute,    Drums   and    Traps.      TrorabonH,    Voin 
and   Speech   Culture,  Guitar  or  Kinging,   etc  . 
all  by  note.     Every  step  simple  as  A.  v,.  ('.     Vo 
will  be  astounded  at  your  own  ra;,id  progress.  . 

250,000  SUCCESSFUL  STUDENTS 

e  quickly  learned  to  play  and  sins  by  this  woudcrfu 

system.  Your  age  makes  no  difference — wh-ih  r  10  01 
GO.  Lessons  prepared  by  world-famous  musicians.  Ni 
aiperfluous  technique — no  dry  or  boresome  Ihcnry.  Study 
s  actually  fascinating.  Be  popular!  Your  leisure 
noments  at  home  are  all  that  is  necessary-  Costs 
iverage  a  few  cents  a  lesson. 

Our  free  book  ex-plains  our  remarkable  new  method  in 
dotail.  TtlL*  of  cui'  students"  success.  Send  for  li 
today.  Special  introductory  offer  if  you  answer  at 
once.  Mail  Jciter  or  postcard  NOW.  Instruments  sup- 
plied when   needed,  cash   or  credit. 

U.  S.  SCHOOL  OF  MUSIC 

1932  Erunswick  Bldg. 


New  York  City. 


THE  Wayvell  Chapped  Automatic  Ball  Bearing  Electric) 
Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish 
your  hew  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just 
the  way  you  want   them. 

As  QUALITY  of  Work  is  the  first  essen- 
tial in  finishing  floors,  particularly  new 
work  in  residences,  fiats,  apartments,  etc., 
all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away 
with.  It  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and 
steadily  this  ball  beating  machine  oper- 
ates. 

Only    surfacing    machine    having    roller 
eanding  even   with   basebi  ird  from  either 
side  of  machine,   doing  aw.iy  with  uneven 
work  of  edge  -roller  attachment.     Removes 
old    varnish,    paint,    oil-soak,    black,    etc., 
rapidly,  or  cuts  down  warped 
edges   quickly.     Tour  sizes  — 
for   the   largest   areas   or   the 
smallest  rooms. 

Write   for    folders.      Accept 
our  free  trial  offer. 

(Machines  demonstrated  al- 
so  at    our   Branch   Office,    921 
Washington    Blvd..    Chicago.) 
Manufactured  by 

Wayvell    Chapped    &    Co. 

137  fj.  Jackson  St.      Dept.  A. 

Wauktnan.    III. 


Pat.  1912-1916 


Steel  Bar  Carpenter   Clamp   No.   i 


Rolled  from  special  quality  of  steel.  "T" 
shape  gives  added  strength.  Notched  on 
lower  side  for  greater  holding  power. 


E.  C.  STEARNS  6c  CO. 
114   Oneida  St..  Syracuse,    N.   Y.,   U. 


S.  A 


PREMAX   WALL  TIES  AND   PLUGS 

Strong — Permanent — Correctly  designed 
From  ycur  dealer  or  direct 

NIAGARA   METAL   STAMPING   CORPORATION 
Division  C  Niagara  Falls.  N. 


The  Rustless  Rule 

Made  of  Luminoy.  a  special  alloy  at  Alum': 

Here  is  THi-:   Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Bui:  :  baTe.   It  won't  in 

weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  steel  rule,  yet  is  Just 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  tcgether  with  Pennine 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  yooi  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to 
for  printed  matter  and  prices. 

THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 

7  Lafayette  Ave.  ELftalo.  N 


The  Improved  Gem  Scriber 

The   Tool   of   Many    Uses.    One   "Best 
Bet"  for  ail  Wood  Workers.    (Price  45c.) 

Manus?veivbv  P  Brais  &  Company 

1349  East  90th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio 


t4 


The    Building    Labor    Calculator 


?? 


By  Oordon  M.  Tamblyn. 

Gives  tABOB  E0UBS  on:    Excavations.   Sheet  Piling.   Concrete.  Beinforcing ^Steel    Conaete  FornK,  Cemem  Woft. 
Common    Brick,    Press    Brick.,    Tile    and   Plaster    Blcck   Partitions.    Stone    Work.    Terra    Coda     Bough    Carpen^ 
Finish   Carpentry,    Lathing   and   Furring.    Plain   Plastering.    Ornamental   Plastering     Interior   Martae,    Shee      M| 
Work.  Slate  Boofs,  Tile  Boots,  Composition  Boots,  etc..  Painting  and  Decorating,  etc 
A  Bungalow  or  a  Skyscraper — Fire-proof  or  non-Fire-Proof. 

Simple — Accirate — Bapid.     Send  for  descriptive  literature.  _  .     1 

WESTERN   SCHOOL   OF   ESTIMATING   AND    PLAN    READING,  210  W.    13th   Ave.,    Denver,   Co.orad.. 


K&E  MEASURING  TAPES 

are  well  made,  of   good   material,  and  are  reliable. 
Prices  E.evissd  Send  For  New  Price 

*    KEUFFEL   &    ESSER    Co.  ■ 


A  TOOL=BOX  NECESSITY  — THE  TAINTOR 
POSITIVE  SAW  SET.  The  Tool  which  sets  your 
saw  Right. 

Is  there  a  Taintor  in  Your  Tool-box?     If  not,  talk  it  over 
with  your  hardware  dealer.     Send  for  Book  :    "Care  of.  feaws. 
Free  to  members  of  the  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York  City, 


SPECIAL3 

SAWSET 


"Special"  and  No.  1  for  hand  saws  not 
orer   16   gauge. 

No.  3  for  cros3  cut  and  circular  saws  14 
to  20  gauee. 

No.  4  for  Champion  and  "M"  toothed  saws 
14  to  20  gauge. 

No.  5  for  timber  and  board  saws  6  to  14 
gauge. 

CHAS.  MORRILL,  93  Walker  Street,  HEW  YORK,  R.Y. 


HAND  SOAP 

Let  Us  Send  Y'ou  a  Sample 
FREE 


WRITE  TO 

The  SKAT  Company 
Hartford,  Conn. 


The  American  Woodworker 

Gasoline, Kerosene,  or  Electric  Driven 
Used  on  the  Job  or  in  the  Shop 

Also  Made  With   Band  Saw  Attached 

Let  us  send  you  our  Bulletin  No.  77 
describing  this  and  other  profit  pro- 
ducers for  the  Carpenter,  Contrac- 
tor and  Builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Company 

136  Main  Street,   Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

New    York    Office.    50    Church    St. 
Philadelphia    Office.    The     Bourse. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 
The    Standard    the    World    Over 


Established  1790J 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNEIX  MFG.  CO., 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured  by 


1.     Strike=p!ate. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 


1CREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

j^J  by  modernizing  old 
windows  with  the  use  1 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
1  ty-two  years. 

K  te  for  information.     Dept.  C. 


CALDWELL  MFG. 

ROCHESTER,  N. 


CO. 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don"t  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 

gives  both  inside  and  outside  measurements 
iustautly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
once  and  11011  loill  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MPG.  CO.,  INC. 
84 iC  East  136th  St..  New  York  City 


m  WINTER     BREEZES 

r    WILL     SOON     BE 

BLOWING. 


Let  Us  Tell  You 
How  Y  o  u  Can 
Profit  By   Them; 


is  Big  Bool 


It  has  been  used  as  a  roof  and  floor 
covering  on  thousands  of  Piazzas, 
Sleeping  Porches,  etc.,  and  is  recog- 
nized by  Carpenters  and  Builders  the 
country  over  as  the  standard  of  Roof- 
ing Canvas. 

Write  for  sample  book  "T" 


ESTABI  IEHED    !?60 

DUANe'sT.    NEW   YORK     READE  ST. 
BRANCH    202-204    MARKET   ST.  ST.    LOUIS 


HERE   ARE   100  complete  plans  for   Bun 
lows,  Houses,  Barns  and  Garages  wh 
you  can  have  for  the  asking.     This  P 
Book  will  enable  you  to  give  your  clients  a  w 
variety  of  plans  from  which  to  choose  a  ho 
a   garage  or  a  barn — and   the   complete  cost 
eacn.      You   will    find    the    book    invaluable 
helping   you   sell   your   services. 
As  you  know,  there  is  a  purpose  behind  ev 
free  book.    Our  purpose  is  the  sale   of  lum 
and   millwork  at   reduced  prices.     We  plan: 
this  book  to  help  you — and  to  help  us  indirec'j 
You     are    welcome   to    this    useful    book    e*  l 
though  you  never  buy  a  nickel's  worth  from 
But  whether  you  build  according  to  our  plar.  j 
your  own,  be  sure    to    get    our   prices  bef ! 
ordering      lumber      and     millwork.      They  \ 
astonish  you,  and  the  quality  of  the  lumber  \ 
please   you.      A  Postal  Brines  This  Free  Bosk  V/itf] 
Obligation;  Also  Estimates  and  Estimate  Blacks. 

Last  Side  Lumber  <&  ManafacEariag  Coi 

EAST  ST.  LOUIS,   ILLINOIS 


OUND 


n — un^-p 


D  PlfiLEY  CHAIN 


PATTNT  APPLIED   *OP 


funs  over  Pulleys  more 
freely  than  card 


There  is  nothing  more  exasperating 
than  a  stubborn  window  that  refuses 
to  go  up  and  down.  In  such  a  case  an 
investigation  is  very  apt  to  disclose  a 
badly  worn  sash  cord,  ready  to  break 
any  minute. 

Sharp  edges  do  not  effect  .  "Acco" 
Chain.  It  runs  smoothly  and  freely 
over  any  common  round  cord  pulley 
and  lasts  a  lifetime.  It's  easy  to  in- 
stall— no  knots — no  waste. 

In  three  finishes:  A.  C.  D.  (Coppered  Steel), 
S.  R.  P.  (Special  Rust  Proof)  and  Hot 
Galvanized. 

Packed  in  strong  bags,  100  feet  of  chain 
with  40   weight  fixtures. 

AMERICAN    CHAIN    CO.,   Inc. 

Bridgeport,  Conn. 

District  Sales  Office:       Chicago       New  York      Pittsburgh 
Boston     Philadelphia      Portland.  Ore.      San  Fraosiscp 


F"  rvi  /? 

Quality 

Uniformity 

Responsibility 


£verlastijip  CconomyJ 

Make  More 
Money 


SweettS 


Our  Free  Books  Tell  You  How 


For  general  specifi- 
cations, see  page 
&38,  Sireet's  Archi- 
tectural Catalogue, 
mh  Edition. 


Many  carpenters,  contractors  and  builders  find  a 
profitable  side  line  in  selling  Oak  Flooring,  without 
interfering  with  their  regular  calling.  Their  daily 
work  puts  them  in  contact  with  many  Al  prospects 
who  buy  Oak  Flooring  when  they  learn  its  advan- 
tages and  its  economies. 

Turn  your  practical  building  knowledge  to  account 
for  yourself.     Sales  are  easy  when  you  know  how. 

Write  for  the  free  books  today. 

OAK  VlOOWKGJMMAffl 

1051  Ashland  Block,  Chicago,  111.  - 


STEEL 


CUT! 

You  Said  It. 

Ever  try  sawing  with  an  At 
kins  No.  51  or  No.  53  Silvei 
Steel  Hand  Saw?  If  not 
stop  at  your  hardware  deal 
er  and  ask  him  to  let  you  tr) 
an  Atkins  Saw. 

You'll  find  they  cut  faster 
stay  sharp  longer  and  thai 
they  do  not  tire  the  wrist  a* 
other  saws  do. 

"A  Perfect  Saw  For  Ever} 
Purpose." 


Send  25c  for  carpenters 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense. 


E.C.ATKINS  &  CC 

ESTABLISHED  1837         THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOP1 

Home  Office  wvd  Factory.  INDlANAPOUS.rNWAN 

C&n&dWF&ctory.H&inilton  Ontario 

M&chiite  Knife  Factory,  Lcu\c  tis t  o  r  N  .Y. 

Branches  Carrying  Canpkto Stocks bTht Following  ClthV 

Atlanta  NewOrleojva  Se&ttla 

Mempkia  New  York  City  Ptvri».  Fraixa* 

Chice.£fo  Portloivd.Oro.  Svdrve,y.  N.A 

Mirmecpoli*  Sai\Frarvci»co  Vw\couv«r,B. 


It's  Easy  to  Get 

Sheetrock  Jobs 


With  Sheetrock  you  can  get 
many  new  construction  and  re- 
modeling jobs  on  which  pulp 
wallboard  would  not  be  con- 
sidered. 

For  Sheetrock  is  made  of  pure 
gypsum  rock;  it  will  not  burn, 
warp  or  buckle.  It  saws  and 
nails  like  lumber.  Sheetrock 
walls  and  ceilings  take  any 
decoration. 

We  will  work  shoulder  to 
shoulder  with  you  in  lining  up 
the  many  profitable  Sheetrock 
jobs  which  exist  in  your  locality. 
Ask  for  details  of  our  plan. 
Mail  the  coupon  today ! 

Sheetrock  comes  in  standard 
sizes:  %  in.  thick,  32  or  48  in. 
wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 


SEEETROCK 


WALL B  O ARD 


UNITED     STATES     GYPSUM     COMPANY 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 

Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  HI. 

Tell  me  about  your  plan  to  get  Sheetrock  contracts. 


Name- 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


For   Dependable    Roofs 

— Combine  our  Skill  with  Yours 


g  the  work  right  is  only  half  the  job.    The  other 
-and  it's  every  bit  as  important — is  choosing-  the 
materials. 

's  where  the  Barrett  Everlastic  trade-mark  helps 
You   can   rely  on   Barrett   Everlastic   Roofings 
t  the  same  confidence  you  rely  on  your  own  work- 
hip.      For    we    know    how   to   make    dependable 
igs — we've  been  at  it  for  sixty  years. 

lastic  Roofings  are  everything  good  roofings 
lid  be.  They're  moderate  in  cost,  handsome  in 
pirance,  easy  to  lay,  very  durable. 

of  the  four  styles  noted  at  the  right  can  usually 
id  over  old  roofing — a  big  economy  in  re-roofing 

stt  Everlastic  Roofings  are  carried  by  enterpris- 
j|[ealers  everywhere. 


Company 


k       Chicago       Philadelphia        Boston        St.  Louis        Cleveland 

ti    Plttsbuigh     Detroit     New  Orleans     Birmingham     Kansas  City 

Lflolis  Dallas  Syracuse  Peoria  Atlanta  Duluth 

e  City     Bangor     Washington     Johnstown     Lebanon     Youngstown 

Toledo        Columbus         Richmond        Latrobe        Bethlehem 

Buffalo         Baltimore         Omaha         Houston  Denver 

THE  BARRETT  COMPANY,  Limited: 
Toronto         Winnipeg         Vancouver         St.  John,  N.  B. 


Halifax,  N.  S. 


Everlastic  Multi-Shingles 
Four  shingles  in  one. 
Tough,  elastic,  durable. 
Made  of  high' grade  water- 
proofing materials  and  sur- 
faced with  mineral,  red  or 
green.  When  laid  they 
look  exactly  like  individual 
shingles.  Fire-resisting. 
Need  no  painting. 

Everlastic  Single  Shingles 
Sanie  material  and  art-fin- 
ish (red  or  green)  as  the 
Multi-Shingles,  but  made 
in  single  shingles,  size 
8  x  12f  inches.  A  finished 
roof  of  Everlastic  Single 
Shingles  is  far  more  beau- 
tiful than  an  ordinary 
shingle  roof  and  costs  less 
per  year  of  service. 

Everlastic 
Mineral-Surfaced  Roofing 
The  most  beautiful  and 
enduring  roll  roofing  made. 
Surfaced  with  mineral  in 
art-shades  of  red  or  green. 
Very  durable ;  requires  no 
painting.  Combines  real 
protection  against  fire  with 
beauty.  Nails  and  cement 
in  each  roll. 

Everlastic 
"Rubber"  Roofing 
This  is  one  of  our  most 
popular  roofings,  a  recog- 
nized standard  among  "rub- 
ber" roofings.  It  is  tough, 
pliable,  elastic,  durable  and 
very  low  in  price.  It  is 
easy  to  lay  ;  no  skilled  la- 
bor required.  Nails  and  ce- 
ment included  in  each  roll. 


?«r 

1  ljg| 

: 

4gJk 

?*£"'..■ 

A 

*       Jft* 

LOWER 

PEICES 

NOW 

PEEMIT 

DEALERS 

TO  SELL 

GENUINE 

SAND'S 

LEVELS 

AT  THE 

PRICE  OF 

INFERIOR 

IMITATIONS 

ASK  YOUR 
DEALER  FOR 
SAND'S 
LEVELS 


^^^sfj 

I 

i    ^^  j  i 

Glass 
Plate 
Lens 
Protection 


SoIid=set  Wire  Ma 
Spirit  Glasses 

Sealed -In  Accuracy 

WHEN  we  first  originated  and  applied  plate^ 
glass  lens  protection  for  spirit  glasses  a  lot 
of  fellows  wrote  how  helpful  it  was  to  have  a  dus 
proof,  dirt-proof,  water-proof  level. 

When  we  originated  and  applied  wire  markers  afl 
each  end  of  the  bubble,  a  number  of  customers  tolc 
us  how  handy  it  was  to  find  exact  center  instantly 
And  many  more  expressed  their  admiration  wher 
SAND'S  Aluminum  Level  was  introduced,  for  it  is 
the  lightest  and  strongest  level  made — easy  to  reac 
in  dim  corners,  high  or  low. 

But  in  addition  to  all  these  features,  SAND'S  level; 
have  pi'ovided  sealed-in,  non-adjustable  and  fool 
proof  accuracy  for  two  generations. 

Day  after  day  and  year  after  year  these  levels  hav< 
provided  such  unwavering,  unfailing  dependability 
that  few  of  the  old  time  craftsmen  would  conside 
any  level  but  a  SAND'S. 

Accuracy  is  as  important  today  as  yesterday. 
And   every   new    SAND'S    level   must   maintain   th 
reputation  of  the  SAND'S  name. 

Ask  for  SAND'S  Levels.  Any  good  dealer  cai 
supply  you.  Write  for  illustrated  folder  describin. 
all  styles. 

J.  Sand  &  Sons 

4853  Rivard  St.,  Detroit,  Mich 


Southern  Pine 

Lumber   and 

Timbers 

Oreosoted    Lumber, 

Timbers.     Posts, 

Poles.  Ties,  Piling, 

Wood  Blocks 

California  While 

Pine  Lumber 

Sash   and   Doors 

Standardized 

Woodwork 

Gum   and   Oak 

Lumber 
Oak  Flooring 


Do  You  Want  To  Know  What  A  Home  Like 
One   Of  These   Will   Cost  All  Complete? 

TEAR  out  this  page  and  take  it  to  any  retail  lumber  dealer. 
Ask  him  to  show  you  the  Long-Bell  Plan  Service.  You 
will  find  these  two  charming  small  homes  and  their  floor 
plans  there,  along  with  56  others  equally  interesting. 

Choose  the  style  you  like  best  and  the  size  to  fit  your  needs, 
and  then  ask  the  lumberman  to  give  you  an  estimate  of  the 
cost  complete.  The  low  figure  will  surprise  you,  for  Long- 
Bell  home  plans  are  designed  to  provide  good  looking,  well 
arranged  small  homes  at  low  cost.' 

Most  lumbermen  keep  on  hand  Long-Bell  plans.  If  yours 
hasn't  them,  write  us. 

For  beauty,  for  permanence,  and  for  the  sake  of 
the  investment,  build  of  good  materials.  Build 
with  wood,  the  least  expensive  material  you  can 
buy  today.  To  be  assured  of  obtaining  lumber  of 
uniform  high  quality  ask  for  lumber  bearing  the 
Long-Bell  brand. 

We  will  send  free  to  Contractors,  Builders  and 
Architects,  a  copy  of  our  book  "From  Tree  to 
Trade,"  the  story  of  lumber  from  the  woods  to  the 
finished  product.    Please  mention  this  publication. 

TIl£  Tono-ReLL  Inmber  Compami 


'■."'«" 


TRADE 
MARKE 


Be  A  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

$5,000  to  $15,000  or  More— Yearlj 

This  is  a  new,  uncrowded  field.  Floor  Surfacing  Contractors  are  making  big  mone 
resurfacing  old  floors  in  homes  and  office  buildings  and  working  with  general  contractor 
who  prefer  to  sublet  the  floor  surfacing  contract.  It  is  a  big  business  in  itself.  Buslnes 
comes  easily  by  American  Universal  Method.  We  furnish  office  forms,  advertising  cuts 
business  cards — in  fact,  everything  to  set  a  man  up  in  business. 

RESURFACING  OLD   FLOORS 

Don't  Ever  Get  Caught  Out  of  Work  Again 

No  Dull  Seasons  in  This  Business 

There  are  hundreds  of  homes  and  office  buildings  being  remodeled — in  every  ca 
the  floor  is  the  first  consideration.  There  are  hundreds  of  floors  right  in  your  ow 
neighborhood  that  really  need  resurfacing.  Hundreds  of  people  can  well  afford  to  ha\ 
the  work  done  and  will  be  glad  to  have  you  do  it  when  you  show  them  the  America 
Universal  Method. 

This  machine  is  electrically  operated  and  surfaces  more  floors  in  a  day  than  si 
men  can  do  by  hand.  Works  alike  on  new  and  old  floors  and  on  any  size,  frof 
cottage  to  largest  auditorium.     Surfaces  clear  to  wall  without  hand  work. 

Contractors  and  architects  prefer  its  work  because  it  leaves  no  sander  waves  or  chat 
ter  marks.  Leaves  job  clean — vacuum  fan  leaves  dust  and  dirt  in  bag.  Machine  wi 
for  itself  the  first  month. 

Floor   Surfacing  Contractors   Make   $20.00   to    $50.00   A   Da] 

"I  am  making  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  w:ith  the  'American  Universa 
and  find  it  a  good  paying  proposition.  My  average  earnings  are  $28.00  pi 
day."      Geo.  R.  LaFlash,  Mass. 

"I  make  the  'American  Universal'  way  of  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  no 
and  my  average  earnings  are  at  least  $20.00  a  day."     .1.   A.   Natzel,   Arizoni 
My  earnings  in  one  day  have  been  as  high  as  $50.00  with  the  'Ameri 
can  Universal'  machine."     E.  J.   Inman,   Ohio. 

"We  have  owned  one  of  your  Floor  Surfacing  Machines  for  about  tn 
years.     We  find  it  earns  us  from  $40.00  to  $75.00  on  each  of  our  coi 
ict  jobs."     F.  B.  Westcott  &  Son.  Xebr/ 
"I   have   made   good   with    the    'American   Universal'    Machine, 
have  sanded  about  $700.00  worth  of  work  in  two   months."     T.  I 
Easley,    Tenn. 

"The  'American  Universal'  is  a  dandy  machine  for  cleaning  an 
polishing  dance  floors.  I  have  earned  $62.00  clear  profit  in  a  da: 
so  you  can  see  how  well  I  am  doing."  Glen  F.  Bartlett,  Oregoi 
"When  this  little  town  of  6,000  people  was  building,  we  mat 
from  $350.00  to  $700.00  per  month  with  the  'American  Universal',  but  our  best  earnings  per  day  have  been  $100.0 
$80.15,  $68.50,  $62.00  and  $80.00.     M.  L.  Derstine,   California. 

"I  have  earned  as  high  as  $50.00  with  my  'American  Universal'  machine  and  wish  to  thank  you  for  the  courteo; 
treatment  I  have  received  from  you.     Edward  McKcrnan,   Nebraska, 
"lam  well  pleased  with  the  'American  Universal'.     I  have  made  $30.00  in  eight  hours  withmymachine."     B.  Waynick,  Texa 


Lay  Down   the  Tool  Box— YOU   Be  The  BOS! 
The    American     Floor     Surfacing     Machine     Cc 

Originators  of  Floor  Surfacing  Machines 

522  So.  St.  Clair  Street  Toledo,  Ohi 

THE    AMERICAN     FLOOR    SURFACING     MACHINE    COMPANY 
522    So.    St.     Clair    St.. 
Toledo,    Ohio,    U.    S.    A. 

Gentlemen:     Please   send   me   without   obligation   to  me,    complete   information   and   literature   on-  yotir   propositi 
The    following    information    will    no    doubt    assist    you    in    advising    me. 


□ 
□ 


□ 


I    want    to    become    a    Floor    Surfacing 
Contractor. 


I  am  not  now  a  contractor  of  any  kind 
but    was   in   following   business: 


I   am   a  Building   Contractor   and    want 
to    use    it    on    my    own    contracts. 


NAME 
STREET 


CITY . STATE. 


NICHOLSON    FILES 

—every  time  for  sharpening  saws 

Experience  proves  that  Nicholson  Files  give  the 
best  service — make  the  saw  satisfactorily  sharp. 

So,  benefiting  by  experience,  young  carpenters — as 
well  as  every  class  of  wood  worker — carry  Nichol- 
son Files  in  the  tool  kit. 

Sharp — tempered  to  cut  steel  quickly — and  as  uni- 
form as  expert  workmanship  can  make  them. 


Nicholson  File  C© 


PROVIDENCE,  R. 


I  vrllSIX 

To  Traiii  You 

Until  You  Are  Placed 
in  a  Position  Paying 

Oto$30 

—  Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Write  and  I'll  tell  you  how  I  make  you  a  first-class,  big-money-earning  drafts- 
man in  a  very  few  months!  I  do  this  by  a  method  no  other  man  nor  institution 
can  imitate.  I  give  you  personal  training  at  home  by  mail.  And  I  mean  just 
what  I  say— I  train  you  until  you  are  actually  placed  in  a  position  paying  from 
$250.00  to  S300.00  per  month.  Six  thousand  draftsmen  are  wanted  every 
month.    Hurry  up  and  register  so  you  can  start  earning. 


This  $25^2  Outfit 
of  Drafting  Tools 

High-grade  plated  instruments.  Every 
one  you  need.  Packed  in  a  handsome 
plush  lined  case.  Just  the  kind  I  use 
myself.  Write  to  me  I'm  giving  it 
entirely  and  absolutely  free. 


>emf  This  Free 
Goupon  To  Mi 


IHIIIIHHIIIIIIIIIIHH 
Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Dept,  5313    4001  Broadway,  Chicago, 

Without  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  r 
your  book,  "Successful  Draftsmanship,"  and 

It  costs  you  nothing  but  3  stamp  to  send  the  coupon  1:      8S^St?ag^ta§S."penoaal  ^ 

for  my  free  book,  "Successful  Drcfcsmanship"  that  2 
tells  you  all.   It  tells  you  how  b  y  students  get  the 

good  positions  and  how  I  czn  a.'ford  to  train  you  ■ 

until  you  get  YOUR  position.  Remember,  6,000  men  7-       Name 

wanted  everymonth.  So  hurry.  Register  earlybecause 

I  can  take  only  a  few  students.    Send  coupon  NOW!  ■ 

Chief  Draftsman  Dobe  *""" 

Dept.  5313  4001  Broadway,  Chicago      sa 


MILLER5  FALLS 

-  Td  D  LS 


Millers  Falls 
Carpenters'  Tools 


FINE  workmanship  is  a  fine 
art     that     demands     fine 
tools.  Millers  Falls  Tools 
have   been    favorites   with  the 
best  carpenters  and  mechanics 
since  I 


tools — workmanlike  tools. 

Two  generations  of  Yankee 
inventive  genius  and  patient 
skill  have  gone  to  the  making 
of  Millers  Falls  Tools,  with  a 
generous  allowance  of  New 
England  conscience  thrown  in 
for  good  measure. 

No  wonder  Millers  Falls  tools 
are  good  tools— through  and 
through. 

us   for   the    Millers    Falls    Handbook    for 
Carpenters    and  Mechanics. 

MILLERS    FALLS    COMPANY,    Millers   Falls,   Mass. 


Should  you  visit  the  Millers 
Falls  factories  in  the  Berk- 
shire Hills  of  New  England, 
you  would  then  realize  why 
Millers  Falls  tools  are  worthy 

Write 


They  Are  On  to  Stay 


When  you  lay  Ruberoid  Strip- 
shingles,  they  are  on  to  stay. 
Their  unusual  thickness  and 
cut  corners  prevent  their  blow- 
ing or  curling  up. 

Felt,  saturant,  surface  and  back 
coating  are  all  Ruberoid  quality — 
the  quality  that  has  actually  stood 
the  test  of  time  on  thousands  of 
roofs  for  over  a  quarter  century. 


You  can,  therefore,  unqualifiedly 
recommend  them. 

Ruberoid  Strip-shingles  may  also 
be  laid  in  various  attractive  designs. 
Upon  request,  you  can  obtain  a 
booklet  showing  these  artistic  de- 
signs in  color,  as  well  as  an  illus- 
trated application  sheet. 

There  is  a  Ruberoid  Distributor 
near  you.    Talk  it  over  with  him. 


The  RUBEROID  Co. 

[95  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 
Chicago  Boston 


SHINGLES 
FEUS 


BUILDING  PAPERS 
PLASTICS 


Ancient  Egyptian  relics 

made  of  unalloyed 

copper 


JERSEY 

Screen  Cloth 


TRADE  j  ERSEYMARK 


The  Durability  of 
Unalloyed  Copper 


Carpenters  who  have  put  Jersey  Copper 
Screen  Cloth  on  windows  and  doors  know 
how  it  wears.  It  is  not  like  iron  and  steel 
screens  which  rust  away,  nor  does  it  cor- 
rode strand  by  strand  as  screens  of  alloy 
do.  Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  is  made 
of  99.8%  pure  copper,  produced  by  a 
special  Roebling  process  which  gives  it  the 
tensile  strength  of  steel. 

Tropical  climates  and  salt  sea  air  are  the 
most  severe  tests  for  screens.  If  a  screen 
lasts  under  these  conditions  you  may  be 
sure  it  is  a  good  screen.  Jersey  Copper 
Screen  Cloth  will  stand  the  most  severe  of 
tests. 

Hardware  and  building  supply  dealers 
throughout  the  country  carry  Jersey 
Copper  Screen  Cloth  in  stock  widths,  1 8 
to  60  inches,  light  or  dark  finish.  But  if 
you  have  any  difficulty  in  being  supplied 
write  us  and  we  will  gladly  see  that  you 
get  what  you  want. 


The  New  Jersey  Wire  Cloth  Company 

613  South  Broad  Street 
Trenton  New  Jersey 


Sargent  Auto-Set  Planes 


placed    in    exactly    the    same    position, 

without  re-adjustment. 

Ir  has  a  thin  cutter,  bur  the  support 
for  the-  cutter  is  =  ■:  s-:hil  above  and  below 
the  elan:,  tha:  there  is  no  tendency  to 
chatter.  The  thin  cutter  has  the  ad- 
vantage of  quicker  grinding, 

Sargent  Auto-Set  Planes  are  intended 
for  both  heavy  and  very  fine  cuts — with 
or  against  the  grain.  Being  "Sargent 
Mi  le"  they  are  fully  guaranteed. 

Sen!  for  the  Sargent  Book  of  Planes 
containing  full  descriptions  of  the  Auto- 
Set  and  other  Sargent  Planes. 

Sargent  Framing  Squares 

Another  .Sargent  Product  that  is 
a  standard  among  fine  workmen.        am 

With  Sargent  Framing  Squares 
there  is  no  need  to  work  out  the 
lengths  of  hip.  valley,  jack  and  j 
common  rafters.  The  necessary 
tables  are  all  on  the  square.  Sim- 
ply measure  and  read.  HI 

The  Sargent  Steel  Square  book-     H 
let    give-    full    particulars    of    this 
a:.  1   o:he:    Sargent   Squares.      Send     ;•■  .'• 
for  i:  today.  >■- 1 


Sargent  &  Company 

Hardware  Manufacturers 
55  Water  Street       New  Haven.,  Conn.: 


■  sya  r 

G 

E: 

■N 

TM 

_   O   C   K    S          AND          -H 

A    H 

a  w 

A    R     E.-_j 

*-'• 


w 


HUTHER         ~ 
SAWS  ^—^ 

A  SAW  FOR  EVERY  USE— 
A  USE  FOR  EVERY  SAW 


Huther  Brothers  Hollow  Ground  Saws 


HUTHER  BROTHERS  DADO  HEADS 


for  this 

LESSON 


If  you   are   ambitious   to   make 
more  money,  you  must  get  the 
training   that    will    make   you    worth 
more.     It's  the  man  who  best  uses  his  head 
that  becomes  foreman  and  superintendent  orl 
who  gets  the  most  business  as  a  contractor.  | 

This  free  lesson  will  show  you  how  to  easily 
become    a   building    expert — how    you    can 
command  a  larger  income.    Not  a  penny  to  ^^ 
send  for  it,  only  the  coupon.    Mail  it  today. 


aising   Knowledge   for 
the  Building  Trades 


Chicago  "Tech"  Experts  Will 

Train  You  In  Your  Spare  Time 

For"  twenty  years  we  have  been  helping  ambitious  men  to  get  into  the  big  pay 
class  by  teaching  them  the  higher  branches  of  building — the  things  that  make  a 
man  a  planner  and  director  of  work.  Any  man  can  get  tbis  in  bis  spare  time  and  at  very 
little  cost.  If  you  feel  your  need  of  more  training — if  you  realize  what  it  means  to  be  an 
expert  in  your  line,  look  over  the  subjects  below  and  get  the  coupon  into  the  mail — today. 

Pay   R 

Men 

P3an  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan.  How  to  read  dimensions.  How  to 
read  detail  drawings.  How  to  lay  out  work  from  plans.  How  to  stake  out  build- 
ings. Practice  in  reading  complete  blue  print  pl-ans  from  basement  to  roof,  etc., 
etc. 

Estimating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of  materials.  Estimating  time  and  labor. 
How  to  figure  carpenter  work  such  as  stairs,  roofing,  rafters,  etc.  Millwork:  win- 
dow and  dcor  frames,  mouldings,  cornices,  etc.  All  about  the  steel  square.  Lath- 
ing and  plastering.  Excavations.  Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work.  Fireproofing. 
Glazing.  Plumbing.     Heating.     Wiring,  etc.,  etc. 

Superintending.  Methods  of  work  on  all  classes  of  buildings.  Uses  and  prepara- 
tion of  all  kinds  of  material.     Hiring  and  handling  men. 

Also  Special  Courses  in  Architectural  Drafting  for  Carpenters  and  in  Plumbing 
and  Heating  and  Ventilating — all  taught  by  practical  men. 

Send  the  Coup 

All  you  have  to  do  to  get  the  Free  Lesson 
and  full  information  about  Chicago 
"Tech"  training  is  to  put  X  in  the  cou- 
pon to  show  which  subject  interests  you 
— then  mail  it.  No  obligation  on  you  for 
asking  this — no  promise.  We  gladly 
send  it  all  free.  So  send  the  coupon — ■ 
now. 


.  I  CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE 

CIO.   m        339  Chicago  "Tech"  Building 
Chicago. 
Without   obligation   on    me   please   send   Free 

B  Trial   Lesson   on   the  course   I   have   marked  X 
below. 


□ 
□ 


Plan  Reading  and  Estimating 
Architectural  Drafting. 


misn^^ms&Mass^ 


Xarne    

Address    

Post  Office   State. 

Occupation    


Two  New  Features  on  the 
Interurban  Special 

We  have  just  added  Buttoned  Flaps  to  hold 
the  apron  in  place  while  stooping  and  Dou- 
ble Fronts  to  double  the  life  of  the  overall. 

The  Interurban  Special  Carpenters'  Over- 
all is  specially  designed  to  help  you  keep 
your  tools  right  on  the  job  with  you  and 
make  your  work  easier. 

It's  made  of  heavy  white  Boatsail  drill 
and  has  the  best  of  workmanship  through- 
out. 

It  has  12  Special  Pockets : 
Four  Nail  Pockets  Three  Pencil  Pockets 

Two  Front  Pockets  One  Watch  Pocket 

Two  Hip  Pockets  Rule  Pocket 

Try  Square  Loops  Hammer  Loop 

Screw  Driver  Loop 

Get  your  merchant  to  order  you  a  pair  so 
you  can  see  what  they  are.  Or  send  us 
$2.25  and  we  Avill  send  you  a  pair  prepaid. 
If  you  don't  like  it  you  can  return  it  and  get 
your  money. 

Shermam  Overall  Mfg.  Co. 

SHERMAN,  TEXAS 
We  Make  Every  Pair  Make  Good 


When 

You  Want 
The   Best 


Ask  for 
The     GRIFFITH     Master 
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Builder  Catalog  of  Hammers  and 
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Griffith  Tool  Works 

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Branch:  4139  W.  Kinzie  St.  CHICAGO 

LOOK  FOR  THIS  TRADE  MARK 
On  The  Tool 


^GRIFFITH, 

MASTER 
.BUILDER, 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

It's  On  the  Level 

The  First  ioo%  Adjustable 

No  Holes  To  Cut 

Specially     designed     for     progressive 

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Superior  to  other 
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in  working  fea- 
tures. 

Attach  to  any 
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edge  your 
work  requires. 

For  all  kinds  of 
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Frame  C.  R.  steel 
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Member  L.  U.  434,  Inventor.     Pocket  size 
3|x4.     Have  your  dealer  supply  you,  if  he 
cannot,   send   us  his  name  and  your  money 
order  and  we  will  mail  to  you  direct. 
Price  $1.25 

THE  UNION  LEVEL  SALES  CO. 

1979    W.    I  llth    Street  Chicago. 


From    Carpenters    Helper 
to     Electrical     Contractor 


READ 

Mr.  Schreck's 
Letter 


Phoenix.    Arizona. 
May  3rd.   1921. 
Dear  Mr.  Cooke: 

For  the  first  time  in  my 
life  I  am  paying  an  Income 
Tax,  a  fact  for  which  I  am 
rreatly  indebted  to  you.  as 
it  was  your  training  that  put 
me  where  I  am.  in  business 
'or  myself  and — well  on  the 
road   to   Success. 

Last  September,  a  year 
ago.  when  I  enrolled  I  felt  a 
little  skeptical.  At  that  time, 
is  a  carpenter's  helper,  doing 
manual  labor,  I  was  only 
able  to  earn  $75.00  a  month. 

Today,  thanks  to  your 
splendid  Lessons  and  method 
r>f  instruction,  I  am  making 
■unsiderably  over  $500  a 
month. 

Some  time  ago  I  started 
3Ut  to  do  Electrical  work 
(wiring)  on  my  own  hook, 
all  done  in  my  spare  time. 
By  degrees  I  built  up  quite 
a  little  business  for  myself, 
and  o  n  February  2  0.  I 
filed  a  bond  with  the  City  of 
Phoenix  to  do  wiring,  all 
kinds,  and  went  into  the 
Electrical  Contracting  busi- 
ness under  my  own  name. 

Mr.  Cooke.  I  would  not 
take  $2,000  for  your  Course, 
and  will  unhesitatingly  rec- 
ommend it  to  any  person  who 
is  in  earnest,  and  willing  to 
sacrifice  a  little  time  to 
study. 

'  You  may  use  my  name  as 
a  reference,  and  depend  on 
me  to  "boost"  your  School 
at  every  "spot  in  the  road." 
for  I  shall  always  feel  grate- 
ful for  answering  your  ad- 
vertisement of  an  Electrical 
Course   by  mail. 

Sincerely   yours. 

A.  SCHRECK. 


Jumps  From  $75  to  $500  a  Month 

Here's  the  story  of  Art.  Schreck,  carpenter  helper  who  jumped 
from  $17.00  a  week  to  more  than  .$100.00  a  week  in  a  few  months 
time.     Read  his  letter. 

What  Are  You  Doing  for  Yourself 

No  matter  what  kind  of  work  you  are  doing — No  matter  how 
much  you  earn — you  owe  it  to  yourself  to  look  into  the  thing  that 
boosts  a  man's  pay  like  this.  Think  of  it!  .Six  times  the  amount 
he  ever  earned  at  the  work  he  was  doing.  Let  me  tell  you  how  I 
can  help  you  do  the  same. 


Be  An 


ELECTRICAL  EXPERT 

I     Will     Train     You     At     Home 

Trained  "Electrical  Experts"  are  in  great  demand  at  the  highest  salaries,  and 
the  opportunities  for  advancement  and  a  big  success  in  this  line  are  the  greatest 
ever  known. 

"Electrical  Experts"  earn  $70  to  $200  a  week.  Fit  yourself  for  one  of  these 
big  paying  positions — 

Today  even  the  ordinary  Electrician — the  "screw  driver"  kind — is  making  money 
— big    money.      But    it's    the.    trained    man — the    man    who    knows    the    whys    and 

wherefores  of   Electricity — the   "Electrical   Expert" who   is  picked   out  to   "boss" 

ordinary  Electricians — to  boss  Big  Jobs — the  jobs  that  pay. 

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SllPPPQS  CZ-tlCffCfn't't^f^fl  You  don't  have  to  be  a  College  Man; 

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Mail  This 
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/,, 

^         COOKE, 
^T      Chief  Eng. 

Chicago  Engineer- 
ing Works.  Dept.  283, 
2154    Lawrance    Ave., 
Chicago,    III. 

Dear  Sir:     Send   at   once   Sam- 
ple  Lessons,   your   Big  Book,    and 
full    particulars    of   your   Free   Outfit 
and     Home     Study     Course — all     fully 
prepaid  without  obligation  on  my  part. 


"As  hard  as  fire  and 
water  can  make  them" 

—  The  Disston  file-maker 

Disston  makes  between  sixteen 
and  eighteen  million  files  a  year. 
Some  weigh  a  tiny  fraction  of  an 
ounce.  Others  135  lbs.  Some  are 
for  a  lady's  fingernails.  Some  for 
gigantic  chunks  of  steel. 

The  supreme  test  of  a  good  file  is 

in  filing  the  teeth  of  saws — steel  cut- 
ting steel.  And  nearly  a  half-million 
Disston  Files  are  used  yearly  in  mak- 
ing Disston  Saws — "the  saws  most 
carpenters  use."  No  worder  Disston 
Files  eat  through  the  work  in  quick 
time!  No  wonder  the  experienced 
filer  enjoys  the  feel  of  a  Disston  File 
as  it  bites  into  the  toughest  metal! 

Disston  Files  are  Disston  made 
from  the  steel  to  the  packing  case. 
They  are  of  good,  true  steel,  "as  hard 
as  fire  and  water  can  make  them." 

Send  for  new  free  booklet,  "The 
File  in  History." 


xssro 


'    HENRY  DISSTON  &  SONS,  Inc. 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A., 


^ 


A  list  cf  What  Disston  Makes 

Ai  '.  in  Ite^e  Sar*~. Tools  and 
Files  is  that  quality  found  in 

"The  Soto  "Most  Carpenters  Use" 

Back  Saws 

Band  Saws  for  Wood  and  Metal 

Bevels 

Buck  Saws 

Butcher  Saws  and  Blades 

Circular  Saws  for  Wood,  Metal,- 
and  Slate 
Compass  Saws 
Cross-cut  Saws  and  Tools 
Cylinder  Saws 
Drag  Saw  Blades 
Files  and  Rasps 
Grooving  Saws 
Gauges— Carpenters' 

Marking,  etc. 
Hack  Saw  Blades 
Hack  Saw  Frames 
Hand,  Panel,  and  Rip  Saws. 
Hedge  Shears 

Ice  Saws 

Inserted  Tootb 
Circular  Saw* 
frtfi     *  Keyhole  Saws 
Kitchen  Saws 

Knives — Cane,  Corn,  Hedge 
Knives — Circular — for  Cork, 

Cloth,  Leather,  Paper,  etc. 
Knives— Machine 
Levels— Carpenters'  tnd  Masons' 
Machetes 
Mandrels 

Milling  Saws  for  Metal 
Mitre-box  Saws 
Mitre  Rods- 
One-man  Cross-cut  Saws 
Plumbs  arid  Levels 
Plumbers'  Saws 
Pruning  Saws 
Re-saws 
Saw  Clamps  and  Filing  Guidei 

~J    Saw  Gummers 
•QkXTj    Saw-sets 
'<^-^ji.     Saw  Screws 

Screw  Drivers 


Screw-slotting  Saws 

Segment  Saws 

Shingle  Saws 

Slate  Saws — Circular 

Squares — Try'  *nd  Mitre 

Stave  Saws 

Sugar  Beet  Knives 

Swages 

Tools  for  Repairing  Saws 

Tool  Steel 

Trowels— Brick,  Plastering, 

Pointing,  etc. 
Veneering  Saws 
Webs — Turning  and  Felloe 


AWS    TOOLS    FILES 


ntered  July  22, 1 91 5,  at  INDIANAPOLIS,  (WD.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1 91 2 

Acceptance  for  mailing  at  SDecial  rate  of  postage  nrovided  for  in   Section  1103,  act  of 
October  3.  1917,  authorized  on  July  8,  1918. 

.  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machina  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  ami 
Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 
and  Joiners  of  America,  at 
Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


istablished  in   1881 
ol.  XLII— No.  3 


INDIANAPOLIS,  MARCH,  1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Year 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


>i*y":r»>.>»>rw-:v»^ 


xmmm* 

i 


Fraternity 

If  I  could  write  one  little  word 

Upon  the  hearts  of  men, 
I'd  dip  into  the  font  of  love 

And  write  with  golden  pen 
One  little  word,  and  only  one, 
And  feel  life's   work  on   earth   well 
done; 

For  every  heart  would  speak  to  me 

The  one  sweet  word — "Fraternity." 

The  angel  throng  would  sing  a  song, 

The  sweetest  ever  heard, 
If  they  could  read  in  human  hearts 

That  precious  little  word. 
The  kindly  thoughts,  the  kindly  deeds 
And  treasures  more  than  crowns  and 

creeds; 
In  these  the  angel  hosts  would  see 

The  children  of  Fraternity. 

— Anon. 


1 

stes  mm,  -mm  m< :  mi  mmmmmzzmm mm  mm.  mm  mm  mm  mm  mm 


'4 


m<:mm.M 


16  THE    CARPENTER 

AT    LAST 

(By  Second  General  Vice-President  Geo.  H.  Lakey. ) 

T  seem?  the  contracting  interests  of  the  country  are  getting  wis 
to  the  fact  that  the  trade  associations  of  which  we  have  heard  g 
much  in  New  York,  and  brought  into  the  limelight  by  the  Lock 
wood  Committee  investigation,  are  responsible  for  a  very  larg 
part  of  the  high  cost  of  building.  Horace  H.  Herr.  editor  of  th 
"American  Contractor."  is  quoted  as  saying: 

•'Contracting  interests,  in  many  localities,  are  fighting  mad  and  there  is  a  likf 
lihood  that  an  aggressive  campaign  to  force  certain  material  producers  to  sell  i 
wholesale  lots  to  contractors  will  be  formulated  when  the  National  Association  cj 
Builders'  Exchanges  meets  in  annual  Convention  in  Memphis.  Tenn..  February  20. 

"The  situation  is  this :  The  retail  dealers  and  local  representatives  of  certai 
building  material-,  especially  cement,  have  insisted  that  all  material  sold  in  thei 
territory  should  be  handled  as  local  business  and  the  retailer  paid  a  margin  on  ths 
business.  In  other  years  the  contractor  handling  a  big  job  r-ould  buy  direct  from  tb 
producer  in  wholesale  quantities  and  get  the  benefit  of  the  wholesale  price.  Grac 
ually  this  practice  has  been  restricted  until  today  it  is  almost  impossible  for  th 
general  contractor  to  buy  direct  even  though  the  quantity  goes  into  carload  lots. 

■'Paying  the  retailer  his  margin  increases  the  cost  of  construction  and.  in  sotd 
instances,  depending  upon  the  local  dealer  means  that  the  general  contractor  ca 
not  be  sure  of  a  continuous  flow  of  material  to  the  job  in  quantities  sufficient  to  pn 
vent  interruptions  to  the  work.  This  again  adds  to  the  total  cost  of  the  complete 
structure. 

Uses   Club  On  Producers 

"The  retail  dealer  submits  that  if  he  is  to  remain  in  business  and  be  ready  1 
serve  the  public  at  all  times,  he  cannot  be  deprived  of  the  larger  orders  f( 
materials.  The  retailer  has  had  a  club  to  use  on  the  producer  in  that  he  coul 
refuse  to  handle  a  product  if  the  producer  refused  to  allow  him  an  agreed  margi 
on  such  orders  as  were  taken  by  the  factory  direct  from  the  retailer's  territory. 

"This  controversy  has  been  growing  more  acute  from  year  to  year.  The  low 
Master  Builders  called  on  the  National  Association  of  Builders  exchanges  last  ye; 
to  start  action.  But  the  Savannah  Convention  passed  a  resolution  declaring  for  a 
open  market  and  let  it  go  at  that.  The  question  came  up  in  the  recent  Annu 
Convention  of  the  Associated  General  Contractors  of  America  held  in  Cleveland  at 
here  again  action  was  by  resolution  as  follows : 

"Whereas.  The  growth  of  trade  associations  in  the  United  States  has  caused  tl 
establishment  of  trade  agreements  and  practices  which  hinder  economic  distributk 
and  restrict  the  right  of  individuals  to  buy  certain  construction  materials  in  an  op( 
wholesale  market,  and  necessitates  the  payment  of  a  differential  to  a  local  di 
tributor  for  no  economic  service  rendered,  and. 

"Whereas.  The  re-establishment  of  moderate  and  reasonable  construction  cos 
and  the  maintenance  of  the  rights  of  individuals  in  industry  demands  that  m 
dictatorial  restrictions  upon  labor  and  trade  be  removed. 

"Resolved.  That  this  association  is  unqualifiedly  in  favor  of  an  open  market  f 
all  materials  needed  in  the  construction  industry,  and  is  absolutely  opposed  to  i 
combinations,  whether  manufacturers,  material  dealers,  or  contractors,  wherel 
prices  are  fixed  on  the  market,  or  controlled  in  favor  of  any  particular  interest  ai 
against  the  interest  of  the  general  public. 

"The  Memphis  Convention  of  the  builders'  exchanges  may  confidently  I 
expected  to  thrash  out  this  proposition  to  the  end  of  taking  action  which  will  for 
early  adjustments. 

Confusion   In   Chicago 

"The  labor  controversy  in  Chicago,  which  has  become  of  national  importan 
because  of  the  fact  that  Federal  Judge  Landis  was  the  umpire,  took  a  new  turn  tr 
week,  which  may  mean  more  or  less  confusion  in  Chicago  building  circles  for  sever 
months.  Judge  Landis.  amended  his  award  on  wages,  granting  slight  increases 
the  scale  of  three  minor  unions.  The  President  of  the  Chicago  Building  Trad 
Council  announced  that  while  the  decision  seemed  to  be  a  "bad  bargain"  for  tJ 
'anions,  they  would  stand  by  the  award.     In  the  meantime  a  citizens'  committ 


THt5     CARPENTER 


17 


3  COtne  into  the  field  to  force  the  unions  in  line.     When  a  union  failed  to  get  into 

e  the  citizens  committee  declared  open  shop  in  that  union.     Now,  when  the  unions 

)W  a  disposition  to  accept  the  Landis  program  the  citizens*  committee  shows  no 

i  position  to  call  off  the  open  shop  policy  in  the  crafts  where  it  had  been  estab- 

llied   during   the   long   drawn-out    controversy.      The    controversy    has,    therefore, 

|  itched  about  until  it  is  a  fight  between  the  Unions  and  open  shop  advocates  rather 

in  a  controversy  over  the  acceptance  of  Judge  Landis's  decision,'* 

You  will  note  Mr.  Herr's  comment  on  the  Chicago  situation,  and  in  the  Feb- 

iry  issue  of  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter."  we  stated  that  the  real  purpose 

the  So-called  "Citizens'  Committee"  at  Chicago  was  well  known  to  us.     We  find 

:-h  committees  in  many  of  the  large  cities  masquerading  under  all  sorts  of  titles 

d  trying  to  make  the  public  believe  that  they  are  the  "protectors"  of  the  "public 

crests."  but  between  you  and  I,  we  believe  their  own  interests  are  served  first 

d  if  anything  is  left  the  public  may  have  it;  or  in  plain  words,  they  all  work 

the  theory  that  we  have  no  right  to  organize,  "but  they  have."  and  now  it  seems 

?  contractors  realize  that  while  they  have  been  busy  trying  to  inflict  the  un-Amer- 

11  shop  plan  on  us  another  system  of  organization  has  crept  upon  them  that  is  far 

j>re  reaching  in  its  effect  than  all  the  labor  unions  in  the  land.     We  know  that  it 

ferns  to  have  become  a  popular  pastime  to  blame  the  unions  for  the  high  cost  of 

tiding  and  the  reason  for  the  popularity  is,  the  ease  with  which  such  matter  gets 

|play  space  and  big  headlines  in  the  daily  papers,  and  inasmuch  as  the  average 

ider  in  these  times  has  a  grouch  at  the  high  cost  of  everything,  it's  easy  to  make 

in  believe  the  unions  are  the  cause  of  it  all. 

j    But  remember  this :    That  we  do  not  propose  to  have  our  standards  of  living 

aged  by  the  standards  of  those  who  have  not  enough  interest  in  life  to  join  some 

ganization  whose  business  is  to  see  that  publicity  is  given  to  the  right  or  wrong 

the  labor  situation. 

And  if  a  ton  of  bituminous  nut  coal  cost  the  consumer  at  Philadelphia,   Pa., 

livered,  $14.75,  and  that  same  ton  of  coal  cost  at  the  mine  mouth,  only  $1.75, 

en  it's  our  business  to  see  that  such  a  situation  is  made  public,  for  as  it  affects  the 

iners  of  coal,  so  it  affects  us.     Right  now  the  farmer  is  busy  at  Washington  trying 

find  out  what  is  going  to  be  done  for  him  because  he  gets  so  little  for  what  he  has 

sell  and  can  buy  so  little  with  the  dollar  he  gets  for  it.     There  are  trade  associations 

other  lines  than  the  building  industry  and  their  effect  is  just  the  same  no  matter 

here  they  are,  and  it's  our  prediction  that  once  the  public  gets  wise  to  them,  the 

bor  unions  will  get  a  rest  from  the  wave  of  pernicious  advertising  that  has  fairly 

utted  the  public  press  for  two  years  or  more  now. 

© 

ARE  LABOR  UNIONS   IN  PERIL? 

(By  Henry  S.  Spalding,  S.  J.) 


RE  labor  unions  in  peril? 
At  the  outset  let  me  re- 
strict this  question  to  the 
labor  unions  in  the  United 
States.  In  organization, 
in  wages,  in  social  and 
)litical  influence  labor  unions  in  this 
>untry  easily  take  the  lead  over  the 
orkingmen's  associations  in  Europe, 
ay  loss  which  labor  unions  may  suffer 
're  must  react  in  all  parts  of  the  world ; 
id  if  labor  unions  fail  here  they  will 
ive  little  chance  to  hold  out  against 
e  untoward  influences  of  the  Old 
'orld.  Just  as  democracy  is  on  trial  in 
e  western  hemisphere  and  humanity  is 
vaiting,  and  is  watching  its  success 
ith  bated  breath,  so  too  is  labor  union- 
m  on  trial  here,  and  toilers  in  every 
irt    of    the    world    look    with    anxious 


minds  to  its  failures  or  triumphs.  Dur- 
ing the  great  struggle  of  our  Civil  War 
the  nations  of  the  world  watched  and 
waited  for  the  outcome.  If  the  prom- 
ising republic  of  the  New  World  could 
not  withstand  political  strifes  for  a  cen- 
tury, would  other  nations  choose  this 
form  of  government?  The  labor  strifes 
in  this  country  are  not  less  important. 
If  labor  unions  fail  here,  will  not  that 
failure  seal  their  doom  in  other  lands  and 
in  centuries  yet  to  come? 

We  would  not  draw  a  fanciful  picture 
of  the  perils  which  at  present  threaten 
Organized  Labor  in  the  United  States. 
We  are  candid  in  our  belief  that  the 
peril  is  here.  Moreover  this  peril  does 
not  come  in  the  form  of  misunderstand- 
ing, between  employer  and  employe,  al- 
though such   misunderstanding  is  unde- 


IS 


THE     CAEPEXIEE 


niable.  It  does  not  come  in  the  form 
of  internal  trouble  in  the  unions  them- 
selves, although  there  is  roo  much 
jealousy,  bickering  and  dissension.  Ir 
aces  not  come  as  an  aftermath  of  the 
war.  although  the  war  is  leaving  its  un- 
mistakable marks.  It  comes  from  united 
and  concentrated  forces  which  will  test 
to  their  utmost  the  power  and  the  right 
of  the  workingmen  to  organize.  These 
forces  are  made  up  of  agencies  of  cap- 
italism, forces  so  numerous,  so  wide- 
spread in  their  influence,  so  determined 
to  crush  labor  unions  that  their  very 
existence  is  threatened.  The  peril,  then. 
which  threatens  Organized  Labor  is  not 
of  a  minor  nature.  It  is  not  only  seri- 
ous, but  it  touches  the  very  life  of  the 
organizations.  TVe  are  face  to  face  with 
the  portentous  question :  shall  labor 
unions  exist  in  the  United  States? 

Capitalists  many  deny  and  have  de- 
nied any  intention  of  destroying  unions; 

and  labor  leaders  may  not  be  able  to 
point  out  every  source  of  danger  or  un- 
ravel every  plot  of  their  enemies,  but 
they  are  well  aware  that  the  danger  has 
come. 

A  decade  ago.  when  the  question  of 
municipal  ownership  of  street  cars. 
waterworks,  lighting  systems  and  other 
public  utilities  was  so  frequently  mooted 
there  suddenly  appeared,  syndicate  art- 
icles in  papers  and  magazines  setting 
forth  the  disadvantages  and  failures  of 
such  systems.  Any  municipal  street  car 
system  which  failed  in  its  service  or  in 
its  finances  was  at  once  given  publicity ; 
city  and  town  lighting  plants  which 
broke  down  for  a  few  hours  and  left  the 
people  in  darkness,  waterworks  which 
did  not  give  perfect  service,  in  fact,  any 
municipally  owned  plant  or  system 
which  failed  to  function  was  at  once 
cited  as  an  example  of  the  waste  and  in- 
efficiency of  public  utilities.  By  this 
nation-wide  propaganda  mistrust  was 
created  in  the  minds  of  the  people 
against  all  public  ownership ;  and  the 
snug  capitalists  held  on  to  their  shares 
and  reaped  rich  dividends.  A  similar 
propaganda  is  at  present  going  on 
against  labor  unions.  Few  capitalists 
are  as  bold  as  Judge  Gary,  who  frankly 
states  that  he  is  opposed  to  labor  unions: 
but  numbers  of  capitalists  are  willing  to 
join  with  the  steel  producer  and  combat 
the  unions.  For  this  purpose  they  are 
using  the  illusive  phrase,  "the  open 
shop." 


It  is  not  the  purpose  of  this  article  to 
discuss  the  various  possible  definitions 
of  the  term  ''open  shop,"  but  the  open 
shop  movement  has  become  a  snare  and 
a  deceit,  and  is  used  as  a  iierm  for  mis- 
informing or  satisfying  the  general  pub- 
lic, while  in  reality  it  is  the  means  of  ex- 
terminating union  labor.  Before  the 
people  an  open  shop  means  a  shop  where 
both  union  and  non-union  men  work  on 
terms  of  equality.  It  claims  to  be  strict- 
ly American,  to  do  away  with  many  of 
the  abuses  of  unionism  and  to  protect 
those  workmen  who  do  not  wish  to  be-" 
long  to  a  union  or  who  of  themselves  are 
unable  to  withstand  the  opposition  of 
their  fellow  laborers.  These  things  the 
open  shop  claims  to  do,  while  in  reality 
if  is  seeking  the  destruction  of  unionism. 

While  I  am  not  submitting  the  evi- 
dence for  the  statements  contained 
herein.  I  am  not  making  the  charges 
without  proof  to  back  them  up  in  case 
they  should  be  denied.  I  do  not  claim 
that  there  is  a  concerted  action  of  cap- 
italistic agencies  banded  together  to  de- 
stroy unionism  in  the  United  States,  and 
that  this  is  being  effected  under  the 
cloak  of  the  open  shop.  And  while  not 
every  open  shop  in  the  country  is  party 
to  the  scheme,  there  are  more  than  suf- 
ficient to  be  a  real  menace  to  the  very 
existence  of  union  labor. 

In  the  first  place,  these  so-called  open 
shops,  which  claim  to  have  no  objection 
to  members  of  unions  and  to  admit  such 
members  on  terms  of  equality  with  non- 
union men.  in  no  way  recognize  the 
unions  or  their  leaders.  Managers  will 
not  deal  with  the  leaders  of  the  unions. 
but  with  the  individual  members.  These 
employers  absolutely  reject  the  principle 
of  collective  bargaining.  This  policy  of 
itself,  if  carried  to  its  ultimate  conse- 
quences, would  be  the  ruin  of  labor* 
unions  and  their  disintegration.  Of  I 
what  use  is  it  to  a  workman  to  be  a 
member  of  a  union  if  the  union  is  not 
recognized,  if  it  is  powerless,  if  it  has 
no  acknowledged  right  of  representa- 
tion? 

I  claim,  then,  that  the  method  of  pro- 
cedure in  the  so-called  open  shop  strikes 
at  the  very  heart  of  unionism.  It  seeks 
to  destroy  unionism.  Under  this  policy 
the  unions  are  slowly  being  deprived  of 
their  power  of  representation  and  collec- 
tive bargaining.  And  at  every  turn  and 
corner  agents  of  the  employers  are  there 
to  answer:  ''The  unions  give  you  no 
protection :    leave    them,   be  free.      Your 


THE    CARPENTER 


19 


leetings  are  noisy  and  useless;  do  not  union  men.     Union  men  who  have  ap- 

ttend  them."  plied   at   some   of   these   factories    have 

In  the  second  place  this  so-called  open  been  thrust  from  the  office,  and  this  for 

hop  policy  is  strengthened  by  a  nation-  no   other   offense    than    that   they   were 

dde    system    of    propaganda.      Do    not  members  of  Local   Unions.     I  say  that 

nagine  that  this  is  a  policy  of  yesterday  these  factory  managers  make  no  secret 

r  today.     While  no  one  may  be  able  to  of  their  entire  policy  towards  unionism. 

ut  his  finger  on  the  exact  date  of  its  and    require    the    applicant    to    sign    an 

rigin.  it  is  sufficient  to  recall  that  the  agreement  that  he  belongs  to  no  union 

i»pen  Shop  Review,  published  monthly  in  and   that   he    will   join    no    union.      The 

'hicago  and  representing  the  policies  of  laborer  who  gave  the  writer  the  agree- 

wo  powerful  employers'  associations,  is  ment     printed     below     exacted     a     most 

ounding  out  its  twentieth  volume.     No  solemn  promise  that  his  name  would  not 

.ne  can  read  the  copies  of  this  review  be  used;   and  he  cited  instances  where 

yithout     being     biased     against     labor  shop  owners  had  hired  men  to  "beat  up" 

mions   and   without   reaching   the   con-  those     who     revealed     their     non-union 

lusion  that  the  founders  of  the  publica-  secret  agreement. 

-ion  have  at  heart  the  gradual  lessening  NON-UNION  AGREEMENT 

if  the  power  of  unionized  labor  and  its  (NO.)  (DATE) 

inal  dissolution.  The  undersigned,  whose  craft  is  that 

1    We  are  not  surprised  to  read  in  the  of  a   , 

leadlines  of  the  daily  press  the  frequent  in  accepting  employment  from 

tatement  that  the  open  shop  policy  has  

'>een  adopted  so  widely  throughout  the  in   its   shops   in does 

i'ountry.     St.  Louis  has  made  the  claim  so   upon   the  understanding   and   agree- 

hat  68  per  cent  of  its  privately  owned  ment  with  said  employer: 
nstitutions    are    operated    on    the    open  (1)     That,  as  to  said  craft,  said  shop 

:hop  plan;  that  in  every  contest  for  or  has  been  operated,  and  will  continue  to 

igainst  that  policy   the   open   shop  has  be  operated,  upon  non-union  basis  and  is 

Jvon;  that  fixture  manufacturers,  furni-  non-union. 

ure  manufacturers,  manufacturing  jew-  (2)  That  said  employer  will  not  rec- 
filers,  millmen's  associations,  boiler  ognize,  nor  have  any  dealings  with,  any 
mops,  etc.,  have  all  adopted  the  open  labor  union  composed  of  persons  en- 
shop  policy;  and  that  in  one  case  the  gaged  in  or  representing  said  craft. 
(inion  has  about  ceased  to  exist.  The  (3)  That  said  employe  is  not  a  mem- 
•ailroads  have  engineered  the  open  shop  ber  of  any  labor  union.  While  employed 
!  policy  into  their  latest  agreement  with  by  said  employer,  said  employe  will  not 
;:heir  employes.  While  railroad  labor  become  a  member  of  any  labor  union 
jnionism  is  too  strong  to  be  immediately  and  will  have  no  dealings,  communica- 
;rushed,  how  can  it  withstand  the  ever-  tions  or  interviews  with  the  officers, 
increasing  power  that  is  gathering  to  de-  agents  or  members  of  any  labor  union 
stroy  it?  In  reporting  the  breaking  in  relation  to  membership  by  said  em- 
down  of  unionism  and  its  powers  in  rail-  ploye  in  such  labor  union,  or  in  relation 
roads  and  other  industries  the  daily  press  to  said  employe's  said  employment, 
makes  no  apoligy  for  and  offers  no  re-  (4)  That  it  is  the  intention  and  de- 
grets  for  the  introduction  of  the  open  sire  of  said  employer  and  employe  that 
shop ;  and  gradually  the  people  of  this  the  employment  relation  between  them 
country  are  coming  to  recognize  the  be  kept  entirely  free  from  interference 
open  shop  as  an  American  mstitution,  as  or  intervention  in  any  respect  by  any 
an  improvement  on  past  policies — as,  in  labor  union,  its  officers  or  agents. 

fact,  a  movement  for  the  good  and  pro-  (Employe's  name)    

tection  of  the  poor  workmen.  (Employe's  address)    

While  most  manufacturers  still  permit  This  document  is  worthy  of  the  worst 

the  union  men  to  work  in  their  factories,  period    of    the    latter    seventeenth    and 

without  however  in  any  way  recognizing  early  eighteenth  centuries,  when  it  was 

their  organization,  others  have  grown  so  all  but  a  criminal  act  to  foster  the  spirit 

bold  as  to  close  the  doors  of  their  shops  of  labor  unionism  or  to  meet  to  discuss 

to  any  man  who  has  a  union  card.     Nor  labor    problems;    when    workmen    with 

is   this    the    exception ;    and    the   writer  grievances  were  forced  to  whisper  their 

knows  where  in  one  community  twenty-  wrongs   at   fairs   or   funerals   or   church 

seven  factories  have  shut  their  doors  to  services.     Capitalists  of  our  days  are  as 


20 


THE     CARPENTER 


blind  as  were  the  rich  factory  builders 
of  England  in  the  past,  K  few  months 
ago,  when  the  writer  called  upon  a  well- 
known  employer,  he  was  told  not  to  in- 
terfere with  matters  of  business,  that  he 
(the  employer)  was  opposed  to  all 
unions,  that  he  would  have  no  union  la- 
bor, that  there  was  too  much  theory  be- 
ing preached,  that  the  church  should  at- 
tend to  church  services  and  leave  busi- 
ness to  the  men  who  managed  it  and 
were  responsible  for  it.  Then  the 
writer  went  to  the  workmen,  not  to  one 


of  them  or  to  a  dozen,  but  to  hunuieds 
of  them,  not  in  one  factory,  but  in  ma?.y 
factories. 

I  have  not  space  to  relate  nor  would 
I  shock  the  reader  by  relating  all  the 
things  that  I  heard  from  these  work- 
men. But  I  was  more  and  more  con- 
vinced of  the  open  war  against  union 
labor. 

To  sum  up :  There  is  an  organized 
fight  against  union  labor  under  the  guise 
of  the  open  shop,  and  the  very  existence 
of  labor  unions  is  threatened. 


WORKING   HOURS   FOR  WOMEN 


ORE  than  eight  million 
women  are  employed  in 
"gainful  occupations"  in 
the  United  States,  accord- 
ing to  a  survey  made  by 
the  National  Industrial 
Conference  Board.  A  large  number  are 
employed  in  manufacturing  industries, 
and  in  many  cases  under  deplorable  con- 
ditions. Legislation  designed  to  improve 
the  condition  of  the  women  compelled 
to  leave  their  homes  to  earn  a  livelihood 
has  been  enacted  in  several  states,  while 
others  have  made  but  little  effort  to  safe- 
guard women  workers.  Fifty-four  and 
sixty-hour  weeks  are  common  in  various 
parts  of  the  country,  while  five  states 
have  failed  to  place  a  limit  on  the  num- 
ber of  hours  women  may  toil. 

Daily  working  hours  for  women  are 
limited  to  eight  hours  in  the  District  of 
Columbia,  Colorado,  California,  Wash- 
ington, Montana,  Nevada,  Utah,  Arizona 
and  New  Mexico;  in  Kansas  there  is  a 
law  providing  overtime  for  work  over 
eight  or  nine  hours,  according  to  the 
industry ;  in  North  Dakota  the  working 
day  is  limited  to  eight  and  one-half 
hours ;  in  Massachusetts,  New  York, 
Maine,  Ohio,  Arkansas,  Michigan,  Minn- 
esota, Missouri,  Nebraska,  Oklahoma, 
Texas,  Idaho  and  Oregon  to  nine  hours ; 
in  Pennsylvania,  Connecticut,  Rhode  Is- 
land, New  Jersey,  Maryland,  Virginia, 
Kentucky,  Georgia,  Mississippi,  Louisi- 
ana, Illinois,  Wisconsin,  South  Dakota 
and  Wyoming  to  ten  hours ;  in  Tennessee 
and  Vermont  to  ten  and  one-half  hours ; 
in  North  Carolina  to  eleven  hours ;  in 
South  Carolina  to  twelve  hours,  while 
no  legal  limitation  exists  in  Iowa,  Indi- 
ana, West  Virginia,  Alabama  and  Flor- 
ida. 

These  latter  five  states  have  no  limi- 
tation in  the  weekly  working  hours   of 


women.  The  forty -eight  hours  a  week 
limitation  is  prescribed  in  Massachu- 
setts, California,  Oregon,  Utah  and  North 
Dakota;  in  Illinois  and  South  Dakota  the 
legal  limitation  is  seventy  hours  a  week. 
In  Ohio  fifty  hours ;  in  Wisconsin,  Con- 
necticut and  Delaware,  fifty-five  hours; 
in  New  Jersey,  Wyoming,  Kentucky, 
Mississippi,  Louisiana,  Georgia.  South 
Carolina,  North  Carolina.  Virginia  and 
Maryland,  sixty  hours ;  in  Vermont, 
Washington,  Montana,  Nevada,  Colo- 
rado, Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  fifty-six 
hours;  in  Tennessee,  fifty-seven  hours, 
and  in  all  the  other  states,  Maine  New 
Hampshire,  New  York,  Pennsylvania, 
Michigan,  Minnesota,  Nebraska.  Kansas, 
Missouri,  Oklahoma,  Arkansas  and  Tex- 
as, fifty-four  hours.  The  variation  as 
to  weekly  hours  is,  therefore,  much 
greater  than  the  variation  as  to  daily 
hours. 

Night  work  for  women  is  prohibited  in 
more  than  one  occupation  in  New  York, 
Connecticut,  Wisconsin,  Nebraska,  Kan- 
sas, Oregon  and  California ;  in  industry 
only  in  Massachusetts.  Pennsylvania  and 
Indian ;  in  mercantile  employment  only 
in  South  Carolina ;  for  railroad  and 
street  railway  ticket  sellers  only  in  Ohio; 
in  the  District  of  Columbia  the  number 
of  hours  that  may  be  worked  at  night  is 
limited  in  the  same  manner  as  day  work. 

State  control  of  night  work  for  women 
exists  only  in  fourteen  states :  Delaware, 
Kansas,  Maryland,  Nebraska,  New 
Hampshire  and  Wisconsin  limit  the 
night  hours  of  all  women  wage  earners. 
Connecticut,  Delaware,  Indiana,  Kansas, 
Massachusetts,  Nebraska,  New  York, 
Oregon,  Pennsylvania,  South  Carolina 
Utah  and  Wisconsin  prohibit  women 
from  night  work  in  certain  occupations. 
Wisconsin  and  Nebraska  limit  night 
work  to  eight  consecutive  hours.     Dela- 


THE     CARPENTER 


21 


ware  and  Maryland  limit  hours  to  eight 
anc1-  further  specify  definite  hours  as 
night  hours.  Kansas  New  Hampshire 
and  Wisconsin  limit  night  work  to 
forty-eight  hours.  The  number  of  occu- 
pations covered  is,  as  a  rule,  small.  The. 
laws  of  Indiana  and  Pennsylvania  cover 
manufacturing   establishments    only. 

Mandatory    minimum    wage    laws    for 
women,   with   rates   fixed  by   a  commis- 


sion, are  in  force  in  Wisconsin,  Minne- 
sota, North  Dakota,  Kansas,  Arkansas, 
Colorado,  Washington,  Oregon  and  Cal- 
ifornia; in  Utah  and  Arizona  there  is  a 
mandatory  minimum  wage  law  with  the 
wage  fixed  by  law ;  in  Massachusetts 
there  is  a  minimum  wage  fixed  by  a 
commission,  but  not  mandatory ;  in  all 
of  tlu»  other  States  there  is  no  law. 


LABOR  CONDITIONS  SOME  AMERICAN  EMPLOYERS  WOULD   FAVOR 

(By  William  Burgess.) 


H5?>    ,<3S  OU  never  read  anything  in 
S  the  newspapers  or  maga- 

zines about  the  Japanese 
labor  movement,  or  the 
Chinese  labor  movement. 
A  labor  movement  in 
these  countries  has  as  much  chance  for 
existence  as  the  proverbial  snowball  in 
hades.  Some  attempts  at  organizing  the 
workers  of  Japan  have  been  made  of  late 
years,  but  with  little  success  and  along 
lines  not  conducive  to  progress  and 
stability.  In  China  trade  unions  are 
practically  unknown. 

It  is  therefore  easy  to  understand  why 
some  of  our  American  employers  favor 
the  removal  of  all  restrictions  on  Asiatic 
immigration.  The  labor  conditions,  and 
the  general  servility  prevailing  among 
the  workers  of  Japan  and  China,  would 
be  welcomed  by  the  gentlemen  in  control 
of  American  industry  who  lead  the  fight 
to  crush  trade  unionism. 

During  the  war.  when  labor  was 
scarce,  some  of  our  prominent  Americans 
who  have  long  fed  at  the  trust  trough, 
and  who  shared  in  the  millions  resulting 
from  war  contracts,  were  advocating 
that  the  bars  be  thrown  down  and  five 
million  Asiatics  be  permitted  to  enter 
the  country,  to  be  adsorbed  in  the  vari- 
ous industries.  These  gentlemen  were 
patriotic,  of  course,  with  emphasis  on 
the  "pay,"  and  their  eye  on  the  wage 
and  labor  conditions  that  would  follow 
the  Asiatic  influx.  Luckily  they  did  not 
succeeed,  for  with  five  million  Japs  and 
Chinese  and  their  natural  increase  to 
contend  with  in  the  present  state  of  un- 
employment, we  might  look  for  open  re- 
bellion from  the  American  workers. 

Where  no  unions  of  workers  exist 
there  is  no  progress.  That  is  true  the 
world  over.  And  where  unionism  thrives 
there  the  greatest  progress  will  be  found. 
In  Japan  labor  conditions  are  de- 
plorable and  from  my  own  personal  ob- 


servation I  am  deeply  convinced  that  the 
Government  of  our  country  should  not 
permit  the  products  of  such  conditions 
to  enter  our  port  at  any  price. 

"Most  of  the  large  textile  manufac- 
tories are  located  outside  of  the  big 
centers.  The  supply  of  female  labor, 
which,  of  course,  is  the  kind  of  labor 
most  used,  comes  from  rural  districts. 
Agents  are  employed  to  scour  the  coun- 
try and  secure  this  help.  Both  men  and 
women  are  used  for  this  purpose,  the 
man  and  woman  often  getting  together 
wages  that  will  be  sufficient  to  make  re- 
turns to  the  parents,  promising  them 
good  homes,  educational  and  amusement 
facilities,  and  the  care  of  a  physician. 
These  girls  are  herded  together  at  sta- 
tions and  brought  to  the  factory.  At 
the  time  I  visited  this  mill  there  were 
two  requisitions  out,  one  for  600  girls 
for  one  factory  and  another  for  300  for 
another  place.  The  law  does  not  permit 
children  under  12  years  of  age  to  work 
in  factories,  but  exceptions  are  constant- 
ly being  made  to  this  rule  for  various, 
but,  in  my  opinion,  insufficient  reasons, 
so  that  I  saw  girls  not  over  10  years  of 
age  working  in  the  shops. 

At  certain  railroad  stations  I  passed  I 
saw  groups  of  merry-faced  Japanese 
girls  apparently  in  high  spirits  in  con- 
templation of  the  new  life  to  which  they 
were  going.  On  inquiry  I  found  that 
these  girls  were  consigned,  under  the 
care  of  these  contractors,  to  certain  tex- 
tile mills.  These  contracts  are  made 
generally  for  three  years,  but  the  sad 
fact  is  that  at  the  end  of  three  years 
there  does  not  remain  15  per  cent  of  the 
original  group  in  physical  condition  to 
work.  Many  of  these  children  die; 
others  contract  tuberculosis  or  kindred 
diseases,  while  still  others  escape  from 
the  work,  many  to  lead  lives  of  im- 
morality. 


22 


THE     CARPENTER 


In  the  woolen  mills  they  -work  24 
hours  a  day,  in  two  shifts  of  12  hours 
each,  beginning  at  6  a.  m.  and  6  p.  m. 
These  groups  are  alternated  from  day  to 
night  shifts  twice  a  month. 

The  girls  are  called  at  5  o'clock  in  the 
morning,  which  gives  them  an  hour  to 
dress  and  eat  their  breakfast.  They 
have  a  quarter  of  an  hour  at  9  o'clock, 
half  an  hour  at  12,  and  a  quarter  of  an 
hour  at  3  o'clock,  both  day  and  night 
shifts.  After  coming  off  work  they  are 
supposed  to  take  a  bath  and  have  their 
supper  or  breakfast,  as  the  case  may 
be,  and  retire  for  their  rest  to  the  rooms 
just  vacated  by  the  girls  of  the  other 
shift. 

All  Japanese  houses  are  known  as  so 
many  rooms  of  so  many  'mats'  in  size. 
These  mats  measure  3  ft.  by  6  ft., 
so  that  an  eight-mat  room  would  meas- 
ure 12  ft.  by  12  ft.  This  is  the  usual 
size  of  the  dormitory  rooms.  Each  mat 
is  the  allotment  of  space  for  one  girl,  so 
that  eight  girls  sleep  in  this  room,  12  ft. 
by  12  ft.,  which  is  practically  con- 
stantly occupied.  Each  girl  has  her  own 
lot  of  blankets,  and  on  rising  pulls  them 
up  and  puts  them  in  a  little  locker  for 
her  own  use.  An  attempt  is  made  to 
open  these  rooms  (which,  like  all  Jap- 
anese houses,  are  inclosed  in  sliding 
fronts,  for  ventilating  purposes)  for  at 
least  an  hour  between  shifts. 

Labor  is  paid  by  the  day.  The  spin- 
ners and  weavers  receive  from  30c  to 
40c  a  day ;  menders  from  17c  to  20c  a 
day. 

When  it  is  considered  that  many  of 
the  employes  are  furnished  three  meals 
a  day  by  the  employers,  for  which  they 
are  charged  10c  a  day,  it  can  readily  be 
seen  that  the  meager  income  these  tex- 
tile workers  receive  is  so  reduced  as  to 
leave  very  little  with  which  to  clothe 
themselves  and  meet  their  own  expenses. 

Inquiry  as  to  the  efficiency  of  the  help 
revealed  the  fact  that  the  spinners  were 
about  as  efficient  as  those  in  England, 
and  would  be  quite  as  much  so  were  it 
not  for  their  weakened  condition  through 
long  hours  and  insufficient  or  poorly  bal- 
anced rations.  The  menders  were  not 
half  so  good  or  quick  as  in  England,  and 
more  were  required  on  account  of  the 
poor  weaving.  The  weavers  were  just 
Lalf  as  efficient,  less  about  25  per  cent; 


that  is,  one  weaver  would  attend  to  one 
loom,  whereas  the  same  person,  man  or 
woman,  would  attend  to  two  looms  in 
England,  and  about  25  per  cent  of  ef- 
ficiency was  lost  by  the  stopping  of  the 
looms  on  account  of  the  breaking  of 
threads,  due  to  poor  spinning  and  other 
causes.  No  originality  is  shown  in  new 
patterns ;  all  designs  of  cloth  are  copied. 

A  report  on  the  pottery  industry  in 
Japan  and  China  submitted  to  the  Unit- 
ed States  Potters'  Association  contains  a 
brief  section  devoted  to  wages  and  work- 
ing and  living  conditions  among  these 
workers  in  Japan.  Pottery  workers  are 
among  the  best  paid  labor  in  Japan ;  they 
receive  more  consideration  from  their 
employers  than  is  general  in  industries 
as  a  whole  in  Japan.  In  one  of  the 
largest  plants  a  man  was  detailed  to. 
watch  riving  conditions  and  to  advise  as 
to  necessary  increases  in  wages,  thus 
anticipating  the  demand  of  the  workers 
for  wage  advances.  In  this  plant  the 
management  appears  to  be  making 
efforts  to  look  after  the  welfare  of  the 
operatives. 

They  have  dormitories  upon  the 
grounds  to  care  for  700  of  their  working 
people.  There  is  a  large  eating  room 
with  long  table  and  benches,  at  which 
meals  are  served  at  moderate  cost. 
Formerly  the  cost  was  7%c,  but  on  ac- 
count of  the  increase  in  rice  and  food- 
stuffs, the  rate  now  is  10c  per  day.  In 
another  department  was  seen  the  day 
nursery,  in  which  about  50  children  were 
gathered,  IS  of  them  being  infants,  all 
under  the  care  of  three  competent  wo- 
men who  care  for,  feed  and  amuse  the 
children  while  their  mothers  are  work- 
ing. Nearby  is  another  building  equip- 
ped as  a  hospital,  with  a  dispensary.  In 
connection  with  the  establishment,  there 
has  recently  been  established  a  mill 
store.  Puce,  millet  and  other  cereals  are 
bought  by  the  carload  and  ground  or  sold 
in  their  natural  condition,  along  with 
other  provisions,  at  cost  sufficient  only 
to  cover  the  actual  expense  of  purchase 
and  distribution. 

According  to  the  factory  laws  of 
Japan  women  and  childrren  under  15 
years  of  age  are  not  permitted  to  work 
in  excess  of  12  hours  per  day.  However, 
a  notable  exception  is  that  workers  in 
the  silk  industry  may  work  14  hours  a 
day. 


Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 

THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS   AND  JOINERS 

OF  AMERICA 

Published    on   the   15th    of  each   month   at   the 

CARPENTERS'   BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OP 

CARPENTER'1  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

Publishers 

FRANK  DUFFY,  Editor 

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INDIANAPOLIS,   MARCH,   1922 

Stand  By  Your  Colors 

Within  our  memory,  at  no  time  have 
trade  unions  ever  been  put  to  such  tests 
as  at  the  present  time. 

The  war  that  is  being  waged  against 
trade  unions  from  every  influential 
point,  by  the  combination  of  manufac- 
turers, and  every  influence  that  they  are 
able  to  bring  to  their  assistance,  law- 
yers, judges,  and  the  press  are  knocking 
against  it  with  all  their  might,  but  with 
little  or  no  results ;  only  to  make  the  true 
and  tried  union  men  stand  more  firmly 
together,  determined  that  they  shall 
have  their  just  rights  as  union  men. 

There  is  no  such  thing  as  putting  the 
unions  out  of  business  so  long  as  they 
are  true  to  the  principles  of  the  organ- 
ization with  which  they  are  connected 
and  true  to  themselves. 


If  good  judgment  and  common  sense 
is  applied  in  carrying  on  the  business  of 
the  various  unions,  then  there  can  be  no 
such  a  thing  as  failure. 

Too  many  people  join  trade  unions 
with  the  expectation  of  accomplishing 
great  things  in  a  short  time,  and  be- 
cause results  are  not  just  as  they  ex- 
pected, they  think  the  organization  is 
worthless,  and  become  dissatisfied  be- 
cause of  the'  few  dollars,  and  because 
such  investment  did  not  bring  them 
fortune  immediately. 

Let  the  war  go  on,  as  it  is  bound  to. 
The  labor  movement  is  not  a  revolution- 
ary one  but  an  evolutionary  one.  We 
will  emerge  from  the  struggle  a  great 
deal  stronger  than  we  have  ever  been. 
Think  and  work,  and  work  and  think. 
Stand  ready  at  all  times  to  make  sacri- 
fices, if  necessary.  Attend  your  meet- 
ings ;  encourage  the  disheartened  ones ; 
show  them  the  worth  of  your  organiza- 
tion ;  what  it  has  done,  and  what  it  in- 
tends to  do,  to  make  the  lives  of  its 
members  happier,  better,  more  prosper- 
ous and  by  doing  this  we  lighten  the 
burdens  of  the  many  toilers. 

Warned   to   Avoid    Open   Shop 

In  these  days,  when  the  so-called 
"American  Plan"  (open  shop),  is  hold- 
ing the  stage  it  is  indeed  gratifying  to 
note  there  are  still  some  men  left  who 
have  not  lost  their  power  of  reasoning. 
Again  the  State  of  New  Jersey  takes  the 
initiative,  in  a  statement  from  the 
"Providence  Evening  Tribune,  we  read: 

Some  of  New  Jersey's  biggest  busi- 
ness men,  members  of  a  committee  of 
industrial  relations  of  the  New  Jersey 
State  Chamber  of  Commerce,  in  a  re- 
port nflide  public  today  cautioned  all 
employers  to  avoid  "anti-union  coer- 
cion," to  steer  clear  of  the  various 
"open  shop"  movements,  and  to  co-op- 
erate with  the  workers  in  every  possible 
way. 

The  report  pointed  out  that  there  are 
three  roads  open  to  employers.  One  is 
the  road  of  constructive  achievement 
within  the  shop;  another  is  that  of  con- 
structive co-operation  between  organi- 
zations of  employers  and  those  of  work- 


24 


THE    CARPENTER 


men,  and  a  third  is  that  of  the  "open 
shop."  This  last  movement,  in  the 
opinion  of  the  committee,  is  "under- 
mining the  confidence  of  labor  in  em- 
ployers and  ruining  the  foundation  for 
co-operation  between  them.'' 

"Similar  campaigns  in  former  periods 
of  depression,"  the  report  continues, 
"have  only  resulted  in  redoubled  growth 
of  unionism  and  the  adoption  by  it  of 
more  extreme  measures  in  the  periods 
Of  prosperity  which  followed  and  there 
is  no  reason  to  beiieve  that  the  result  of 
this  campaign  will  be  different.  Cam- 
paigns of  this  nature  are  leading  to  op- 
pression by  employers  and  are  playing 
into  the  hands  of  revolutionary  elements. 

"The  road  of  anti-union  coercion  ap- 
pears to  us  to  be  dangerous*.  It  ought 
by  all  means  to  be  avoided." 

The  committee  strongly  urges  the 
maintenance  of  personnel  departments 
in  all  big  industries,  and  suggests  the 
employment  of  experts  in  the  problems 
of  employers  and  employes. 

"The  efforts  of  all  concerned,"  the  re- 
port concludes,  "should  be  directed  to- 
ward devising  measures  for  the  regu- 
larization  of  industry  and  reduction  and 
prevention  of  unemployment." 

The  report  was  written  after  a  survey 
of  nine  months.  It  has  been  approved 
by  the  Executive  Committee  and  adopt- 
ed by  the  trustees  of  the  State  Chamber. 
#      *      * 

New  Jersey's  Governor  Back  of 
Organized  Labor 

Governor  Edwards  of  New  Jersey  has 
some  very  pronounced  views  on  the  atti- 
tude of  some  members  of  the  Court  of 
Chancery  in  his  state  and  in  his  annual 
message  to  the  Legislature  recently  he 
did  not  beat  around  the  bush  in  criti- 
cising them  on  their  attitude  towards 
labor.     He  said  in  part: 

"Employers  have  picked  their  judges 
to  try  cases  because  of  the  sympathies 
of  the  members  of  the  court.  He  would 
have  the  law  changed,  or  the  Constitu- 
tion amended,  so  that  persons  charged 
with  contempt  of  the  Court  of  Chancery 
shall  be  tried  personally  by  the  dhan- 
cellor  in  the  court  nearest  the  place 
where  the  charges  were  made.  Governor 
Edwards  cited  the  recent  decision  of  the 
Supreme  Court  on  picketing,  and  said : 

"Some  of  our  Vice  Chancellors  have 
gone  so  far  as  to  adjudicate  that  the 
men  on  strike  cannot  do  anything  to  aid 
or  assist  the  strike,  which,  of  course, 
would    prevent    the    strikers    from    con- 


tributing strike  benefits  or  even  discus- 
sing the  strike  among  themselves. 

"Lately  it  has  been  the  practice  of 
employers  having  strike  troubles  to  seek 
out  those  members  of  our  Court  of 
Chancery  who  hold  decided  views  in  re- 
spect of  the  absence  on  the  part  of  the 
strikers  to  picket  or  attempt  to  persuade 
others  against  taking  their  places,  avoid- 
ing the  submission  of  their  litigation  to 
other  members  of  that  court  who  do  not 
hold  decided  views. 

"In  some  instances  alleged  strikers 
and  their  sympathizers  have  been  sum- 
moned out  of  the  localities  where  the 
disturbance  occurred  and  have  been 
compelled  to  journey  to  other  counties 
to  answer  the  process  of  the  court.  Some 
of  the  strikers  have  been  tried  for  con- 
tempt in  such  counties  and  at  consider- 
able distance  away  from  the  place  where 
the  contempt  was  alleged  to  have  been 
committed.  This  is  contrary,  it  seems 
to  me,  to  establish  principles  of  justice 
and  equity  and  should  not  be  continued." 

We  heartily  agree  with  the  Governor's 
sentiments  and  only  wish  there  were 
more  like  him  —  unprejudiced  and  un- 
afraid. 

*      *      * 

Carpenter's  Square  and  Compasses 

We  have  just  received  from  the  au- 
thor Dwight  L.  Stoddard  his  latest  book, 
"Carpenters  Square  and  Compasses," 
and  after  going  through  same  carefully 
we  feel  assured  it  will  be  of  valuable 
assistance  to  members  of  the  craft.  The 
book  is  profusely  illustrated  which 
makes  it  easier  understood.  .  The  re- 
markably lucid  presentation  of  methods 
for  framing  houses  and  roofs  could  not 
be  bettered.  Especial  attention  has  been 
given  to  the  study  and  use  of  the  steel 
square,  one  of  the  most  useful  tools  a 
carpenter  carries  in  his  kit,  so  that  we 
can  at  once,  without  error,  determine 
the  rise  and  run  of  hip  and  common 
rafter,  when  this  is  necessary ;  and  any 
carpenter  can  readily  post  himself  how 
to  do  this  in  a  short  time  by  becoming 
acquainted  with  the  methods  described 
therein,  for  a  method  is  provided  with 
the  steel  square  for  the  ready  solution 
of  every  length  and  cut  required.  A 
study  of  the  index  of  the  book  shows 
other  items,  too  numerous  to  mention, 
of  importance  to  the  carpenter.  Our 
readers  will  remember  Mr.  Stoddard 
from  the  numerous  articles  on  Craft 
Problems  which  he  has  contributed  from 
time  to  time  and  we  have  no  hesitancy 


THE    CARPENTER 


25 


in  recommending  to  them  this  iteresting 
treatise  which  he  has  so  ably  edited  and 
published. 

*  *      * 

New  York  Contemplates  the  "Can't 
Strike  Law" 

Governor  Allen's  "Can't  Strike  Law"  has 
been  the  cause  of  the  State  of  Kansas 
being  open  to  ridicule  for  some  time  past 
but  in  the  face  of  this  the  State  of  New 
York  now  comes  to  the  front  in  an  effort 
to  repeat  the  farce.  In  commenting  on 
this  the  "New  York  "World"  says  in 
part: 

"No  more  than  a  glance  at  the  history 
of  the  Kansas  industrial  court,  compli- 
cated as  it  is  with  the  strikes  it  started 
and  the  strikes  it  failed  to  settle  will  be 
needed  to  prove  to  any  unprejudiced  ob- 
server that  the  principle  of  compulsory 
arbitration  in  industry  is  inapplicable  in 
this  country  at  this  time. 

"There  may  be  an  age  to  come  in 
which  men  will  work  at  the  bidding  of 
a  judge  while  their  demands  remain  un- 
satisfied, but  that  era  has  not  arrived. 
Even  more  distant  is  the  date,  if  the 
present  attitude  of  capital  is  any  indi- 
cation, when  employers  will  revise  their 
pay  rolls  and  run  their  business  gener- 
ally— no  matter  what  penalties  are  pro- 
vided— in  accordance  with  judicial  deci- 
sions. The  laborer  still  works  when  and 
where  he  pleases,  subject  only  to  the 
law  of  necessity,  and  money  is  invested 
when  and  where  the  investor  likes. 

"New  York  is  too  well  aware  of  these 
facts  to  support  and  attempt  to  repeat 
the  farce  which  has  made  Kansas  ridic- 
ulous." 

*  *      * 

Challenge  Ignored 

In  an  editorial  "The  Nation"  backs  up 
Organized  Labor's  contention  that  the 
press  of  the  United  States  has  been 
unfair  to  labor  and  still  is.  "The  Na- 
tion" further  claims  that  the  American 
press  is  not  a  consistent  partisan.  It 
says : 

"It  is  unfortunate  but  not  surprising 
that  the  challenge  issued  by  the  Bureau 
of  Industrial  Research  to  the  press  of 
the  United  States  to  search  its  soul  and 
its  files  and  discover  whether  it  has  been 
fair  and  intelligent  in  its  handling  of 
labor  news  has  been  pretty  generally 
ignored.  Except  for  articles  in  the 
"New  York  World"  and  "Globe"  and  the 
"Christian  Science  Monitor,"  and  a  few 
sticks  in  other  papers  throughout  the 
country,  little  notice  has  been  given  to 


(his  well-considered  demand.  Notori- 
ously unjust  in  many  labor  controver- 
sies, the  press  has  much  to  answer  for 
to  the  workers  of  the  country.  Its  at- 
titude has  bred  in  labor  a  corresponding 
attitude  of  hostility,  and  a  vicious  circle 
of  suspicion  and  suppression  has  thus 
been  created.  Perhaps  it  is  inevitable 
that  in  the  last  analysis  papers  con- 
trolled by  big  business  or  by  big  business 
men  are  going  to  deal  unjustly  with  la- 
bor; during  bitter  revolutionary  strug- 
gles the  newspapers  will  shinny  on  their 
own  side.  But  the  American  press  is 
not  a  consistent  partisan.  It  aims,  when 
too  much  is  not  at  stake,  to  "give  the 
news,"  and  an  increasing  number  of  im- 
portant newspapers  are  employing  spe- 
cial labor  editors  and  seeking  to  give 
reasonable  prominence  to  the  labor  ver- 
sion of  the  facts.  The  workers'  suspi- 
cion of  the  press  is  easy  to  understand, 
but  it  is  bad  tactics.  Where  labor  lead- 
ers have  known  how  to  approach  the 
newspapers  through  trained  publicity 
men  or  on  their  own  initiative ;  where 
they  have  put  out  facts  in  easily  assim- 
ilable form,  the  newspapers  have  opened 
their  columns  with  surprising  hospital- 
ity. It  is  for  the  papers  to  get  the  news 
intelligently  and  to  print  it  fairly;  it  is 
for  labor  to  help  them." 

When  a  paper  as  prominent  as  "The 
Nation,"  takes  up  the  gauntlet  it  is  time 
for  Big  Business  to  look  to  the  error  of 
its  ways. 

*      *      * 

A  Notable  Achievement 

The  Pullman  Manufacturing  Company 
have  recently  patented  a  new  tape  hook 
device  in  connection  with  their  sash  bal- 
ances, which  will  soon  appear  on  the 
market.  Carpenters  will  be  especially 
interested  in  this  new  Pullman  feature, 
as  the  importance  and  possibilities  of  it 
when  one  considers  the  expensive  labor 
item  involved  for  removal  and  replace- 
ment of  old  fashioned  weights  and  cords 
and  also  the  re-finishing  of  sash  and 
frames.  The  installation  or  removal  of 
balances  is  a  matter  of  a  moment  only. 
No  radical  change  of  procedure  at  mill 
or  on  job  is  involved — simply  the  prepa- 
ration of  a  special,  short  groove  inside  of 
sash  by  means  of  a  3  V2  in.  cutter  in  less 
time  than  a  groove  for  cords,  practically 
one  setting  only  of  the  machine  being  re- 
quired. The  tape  may  be  hooked  or  un- 
hooked instantly  without  disturbing  the 
sash.  You  may  fit  and  fasten  sash  into 
frame,    put   the   stops   all   in   place   and 


THE     CARPENTER 


leave  installation  of  balances  until  last 
thing,  if  so  desired.  Altogether,  we 
think  it  the  most  acceptable  method  of 
window  balancing. 

Labor  Opens  Bank  In  Philadelphia 

The  new  Producers  and  Consumers' 
Bank,  which  was  organized  under  the 
supervision  of  the  banking  committee 
of  the  Central  Labor  Union,  opened  its 
doors  for  business  "Wednesday,  February 
1st.  This  bank  was  organized  under 
and  by  the  direction  of  the  organized 
wage  workers  of  the  City  of  Philadel- 
phia, of  which  there  are  approximately 
100  organizations  of  labor  and  nearly 
1,300  individuals  holding  shares  of  this 
institution.  W.  T.  Allen,  Secretary  and 
Treasurer.  Philadelphia  District  Council, 
United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and 
Joiners  of  America  and  also  Treasurer 
of  L.  U.  No.  277,  is  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees.  The  bank,  which  is 
capitalized  at  $100,000,000.  will  cater 
to  workmen  particularly,  and  the  officers 
and  trustees  are  prominent  labor  men. 
It  is  founded  on  plans  of  the  late  Whar- 
ton Barker,  one  of  the  most  prominent 
bankers  of  recent  years.  The  Board  of 
Trustees  has  our  best  wishes  for  their 
success. 

Capital  and  Labor 

On  this  subject,  Bishop  Schrembs  of 
Cleveland,   Ohio   says : 

"If  the  open  shop  movement,  which 
seems  to  be  sweeping  the  country  to- 
day, has  for  its  purposes  the  destruc- 
tion of  organized  labor,  it  is  a  colos- 
sal mistake. 

"The  right  of  the  laboring  man  to 
unite  with  his  fellows  for  protection 
of  his  interests  and  promotion  of  his 
welfare  from  every  point  of  view  is 
fundamental.  Any  effort  to  deprive  him 
of  this  right  or  to  interfere  with  its 
effective  and  lawful  operation,  must  be 
frought  with  the  most  serious  conse- 
quences to  society  at  large. 

"Organized  labor  has  made  its  blun- 
ders and  may  be  perhaps  charged  with 
serious   excesses  here  and  there. 

"But  neither  is  capital  guiltless  on 
this  score.  Capital  is  more  blameable 
in  this  respect  because  from  a  human 
viewpoint  it  is  more  powerful,  even  bet- 
ter organized,  and  possessed  of  greater 
resources. 

"Capital  and  labor  are  mutually  nec- 
essary to  each  other.  Both  have  the 
right   to   organize.      In   fact,    both   must 


be  organized.  But  instead  of  warring 
upon  each  other,  both  organizations 
should  seek  a  just  and  effective  mode 
of  co-operation. 

"Collective  bargaining  is  a  fundamen- 
tal right — without  it  labor  is  at  the 
mercy  of  the  unsc  .  :ulous  employer. 
There  are  employerr  10  are  both  rea- 
sonable and  just  and  there  are  those 
who  are  unreasonable,  selfish,  greedy 
and  unjust. 

"Collective  bargaining  will  do  no  harm 
to  the  man  who  wishes  to  conduct  his 
business  honorably  and  justly.  It  is  the 
only  protection  the  laboring  man  has 
against  the  greedy  and  slave-driving  em- 
ployer. 

"Honest  employers  have  nothing  to  fear. 

"The  question  of  the  hours  of  labor 
must  ever  stand  in  relation  to  that  other 
question  of  giving  the  laboring  man  suf-' 
ficient  time  for  rest,  recreation  and  for 
decent  home  life. 

It  is  very  hard  at  times  to  locate  the 
real  source  of  big  movements.  On  the 
surface  it  would  seem  this  present  war 
against  Organized  Labor  is  based  on  the 
necessity  of  stabilizing  conditions  and 
bringing  them  to  a  normal  standard. 

"This,  I  take  it.  is  the  reason  alleged 
by  most  of  those  who  are  engaged  in  this 
movement. 

*      *      * 

Death  Calls  Brother  L.  W.  Cooper 

The  many  readers  of  Craft  Problems 
in  our  Journal  will  learn  with  regret  of 
the  death  of  Brother  L.  W.  Cooper,  who 
died  at  his  home  in  Galesburg,  111..  Jan- 
uary 2,  1922.  Mr.  Cooper  had  just  start- 
ed a  series  of  articles  in  criticism  of  Mr. 
Van  Gaasbeek's  problems  on  stair  build- 
ing and  had  just  completed  the  third  in- 
stallment, recently  published,  when 
he  died.  Brother  Cooper  had  been  a 
member  of  the  United  Brotherhood  for 
only  a  short  while,  having  been  initiated 
in  L.  U.  No.  925  of  Salinas,  Cal.,  May  5, 
1920,  from  which  Local  he  transferred 
in  June  of  that  year  to  L.  U.  No.  360  of 
Galesburg,  111.,  and  in  which  Local  he 
was  a  member  in  good  standing  at  the 
time  of  his  death.  We  extend  our  deep- 
est sympathy  to  his  bereaved  family  who 

are  left  to  mourn  his  untimely  death. 
$      #      * 

Wife  of  Board  Member  Dies 

As  we  go  to  press  we  are  in  receipt  of 
a  telegram  announcing  the  death  of  Mrs. 
Martel,  wife  of  Arthur  Martel,  member 
of  our  General  Executive  Board,  at 
Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THK   UNITED    BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,   Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,   Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,   Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N  Y. 


Second  District.  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,   Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National   Bank  Building 

San  Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh   District,   ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord   St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK   DUFF'S,    Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
r.or.rd  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


Report  of   First   General   Vice=President 

John  T.  Cosgrove  for  the  Quarter 

Ending  December  31,  1921 

January   16,   1022. 
Mr.  Wm.  L.  Huteheson, 

General  President, 

U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Dear  Sir  and  Brother: 

I  herewith  submit  my  report  for  the 
fourth  or  final  quarter  of  the  year  of 
1921,  and  in  presenting  this  report  will 
state  a  great  portion  of  my  time  during 
the  last  quarter  has  been  devoted  to 
routine  matters  at  the  General  Office, 
and  upon  the  various  matters  dealt  with 
I  have  made  complete  detailed  reports 
upon  my  return  to  the  office ;  in  conse- 
quence of  which  I  will  only  touch  briefly 
on  the  general  situation  as  viewed  by  me 
in  the  localities  visited. 

During  the  early  part  of  the  month  of 
October  I  proceeded  to  Washington,  D. 
C.,  and  upon  my  arrival  in  that  city  in 
company  with  Board  Member  Guerin 
and  Brother  Howay,  met  and  conferred 
wTith  officials  of  the  United  Brotherhood 
of  Maintenance  of  Way  and  Railroad 
Shop  Laborers  in  an  effort  to  consumate 
an  agreement  whereby  the  Maintenance 
of  Way  and  Railroad  Shop  Laborers'  Or- 
ganization would  turn  over  to  our  Broth- 
erhood all  bridge  building  carpenters, 
who  at  that  time  were  holding  member- 
ship in  the  above  named  organization. 
After  a  conference  lasting  several  hours 
a  tentative  agreement  was  reached,  but 
the  same  was  reduced  to  writing  the 
officials  of  the  Maintenance  of  Way  Or- 
ganization refused  to  sign  same,  offering 
as  an  excuse  that  they  would  be  exceed- 
ing their  authority  unless  the  same  was 
first  submitted  to  their  Grand  Executive 
Board,  with  the  result  that  no  agreement 
was  arrived  at,  and  I  am  obliged  to  make 
the  statement  that  I  am  of  the  opinion 
that  the  statements  from  the  officials  of 
the  Brotherhood  of  Maintenance  of  Way 
and  Railroad  Shop  Laborers  to  the  of- 
ficials of  the  American  Federation  of  La- 
bor are  a  mere  matter  of  subterfuge  and 
lack  sincerety. 

From  Washington  I  proceeded  to  New 
York  where  I  conferred  with  the  officials 


28 


THE     CARPENTER 


of  the  New  York  District  Council  rela- 
tive to  the  existing  conditions  in  that 
city  and  the  progress  they  were  making 
looking  towards  the  consumation  of  an 
agreement  with  their  employers  for  the 
year  of  1922. 

From  New  York  I  returned  to  the 
General  Offire  and  took  up  my  usual 
duties. 

My  next  visit  was  to  Newark,  N.  J., 
where  I  discussed  with  officials  of  the 
Essex  County  District  Council  the  condi- 
tions existing  in  that  district,  and  during 
my  visit  attended  an  entertainment 
given  by  the  Cooncil,  which  was  held  in 
connection  with  a  movement  inaugurat- 
ed for  the  purpose  of  raising  funds  to 
purchase  a  building  to  be  used  as  a  per- 
manent home  for  the  District  Council. 

My  next  trip  was  to  Lafayette,  Ind., 
where  I  attended  a  meeting  of  L.  U.  No. 
215  and  explained  to  them  the  purposes 
of  our  organization,  and  advised  them 
as  to  the  proper  course  to  follow  in  deal- 
ing with  contractors  from  other  cities 
who  were  doing  work  within  their  juris- 
diction. 

My  next  visit  was  to  Erie,  Pa.,  where 
I  attended  and  addressed  a  mass  meeting 
of  L.  U.  No.  81.  While  in  Erie  the 
Executive  Board  of  the  Pennsylvania 
State  Council  of  Corpenters  was  in  ses- 
sion and  I  also  availed  myself  of  the 
opportunity  of  attending  their  Board 
meeting. 

My  next  trip  was  to  Norfolk,  Va., 
where  I  attended  a  special  meeting  of 
the  Tidewater  District  Council  relative 
to  differences  existing  between  that 
Council  and  L.  U.  No.  605  of  Ports- 
mouth, and  gave  instructions  to  the 
Council  and  L.  U.  No.  605,  which,  I  am 
pleased  to  report,  are  being  carried  out, 
and  I  am  sure  will  create  harmony  in 
the  district  as  well  as  stabilizing  the 
District  Council. 

My  final  visit  during  the  quarter  was 
to  Cleveland,  O.,  on  a  matter  of  import- 
ance to  our  Brotherhood,  and  upon  my 
return  to  the  General  Office  I  made  a 
complete  detailed  report  to  you  covering 
same. 

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  1921,  in 
addition  to  visiting  the  various  cities 
herein  mentioned,  I  passed  upon  one 
hundred  fourteen  (114)  sets  of  By> 
Laws,  Trade  Rules  and  Working  Agree- 
ments, ninety  (90)  of  which  came  from 
Local  Unions,  twenty  (20)  from  District 
Councils,  and  four  (4)  from  State  Coun- 
cils. 


I  also  issued  five  hundred  (500) 
transfer  labels,  twenty-two  (22)  rubber 
mill  stamps,  and  one  (1)  brass  die  of 
our  Label  during  the  past  quarter. 

During  the  months  of  October,  No- 
vember and  December,  nineteen  (19) 
firms  were  granted  the  use  of  our  Label 
who  previously  had  not  used  the  same 
on  their  products.  Eight  (8)  firms  that 
had  used  our  Label  suspended  business 
for  reasons  unknown  to  me,  and  four 
(4)  firms  were  reported  to  this  office  as 
having  been  deprived  of  the  use  of  our 
Label  for  failure  to  continue  to  observe 
union  conditions. 

Trusting  this  report  may  merit  your 
approval,  and  with  best  wishes  and 
kindest  regards,  I  remain, 

Yours  fraternally, 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE, 
First  General  Vice-President. 


Report  of  Second  General  Vice=President 

Geo.  H.  Lakey  for  the  Quarter 

Ending  December  31,  1921 

January  12,  1922. 
Mr.  Wm.  L.  Hutcheson, 

General  President, 

U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Deor  Sir  and  Brother: 

I  herewith  submit  my  report  for  the 
fourth  quarter,  October,  November  and 
December,  1921. 

Early  in  October  the  fire-proof  or  hol- 
low metal  trim  situation  became  very 
acute  at  Cleveland,  O.,  and  in  order  to 
get  at  all  the  details  entering  into  the 
situation  it  was  necessary  that  I  make 
three  different  trips  to  that  city,  as  well 
as  surrounding  territory  in  Ohio.  The 
information  gathered  has  been  imparted 
to  you,  and  the  whole  situation  now  in 
your  hands  in  process  of  adjustment; 
hence  needs  no  further  mention  here. 

Later  in  October  I  proceeded  to 
Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  where  a  stubborn 
fight  has  been  on  since  last  spring.  In 
the  start  the  fight  was  camouflaged  as 
an  effort  on  the  part  of  the  contractors 
to  bring  about  a  reduction  in  wages ; 
later  it  developed  that  the  real  purpose 
was  the  destruction  of  the  unions,  and 
in  their  efforts  to  bring  this  about  the 
employers  resorted  to  a  most  elaborate 
spy  system.  How  any  of  the  unions  sur- 
vived this  system  speaks  well  for  their 
solidarity  and  definite  knowledge  of  the 
purpose  for  which  they  were  organized. 
None  of  our  Locals  have  been  destroyed, 
and  it  is  my  belief  that  they  will  emerge 


THE     CARPENTER 


29 


tronger  and  better  for  the   experience 
hey  have  been  through. 

While  in  that  territory  I  visited 
Jteubenville,  O.,  and  found  our  Local 
here  in  good  shape.  The  principal 
rouble  is  lack  of  work. 

I  then  took  up  detail  matters  here  at 
he  office  and  on  these  have  reported  to 
'ou  in  special  reports. 

Pursuant  to  your  orders  I  proceeded 
o  Chicago  where  I  met  our  officers,  com- 
mittees, etc.,  as  well  as  some  of  the  em- 
>loyers.  Also  attended  the  meeting  of 
he  Building  Trades  Council  as  well  as 
>ur  District  Council,  and  strange  though 
t  may  seem,  when  President  Jensen  of 
he  District  Council  and  myself  called  on 
he  President  of  the  contractors  we  were 
old  that  the  contractors  were  not  in  a 
>osition  to  meet  and  deal  with  their  own 
>mployes  without  the  consent  of  a  "so- 
•alled  Citizens  Committee,"  who  seem 
o  have  appointed  themselves  as  "guard- 
ans"  of  the  building  public,  but  in  my 
)pinion  the  real  purpose  is  an  effort  to 
fasten  open  shop  conditions  on  Chicago. 

In  conclusion  I  want  to  thank  you  and 
rour  colleagues  as  well  as  the  local  of- 
icers  and  members  with  whom  I  have 
?ome  in  contact  during  the  past  year,  for 
ihe  splendid  co-operation  my  humble 
?fforts  have  received  at  your  hands. 
Fraternally  yours, 

GEO.   H.   LAKEY, 
Second  General  Vice-President. 


Proceedings  of  the  First  Quarterly  Ses= 

sion  of  the  General  Executive 

Board,  1922 

January  17,  1922. 

The  first  quarterly  meeting  of  the 
General  Executive  Board  for  1922  was 
called  to  order  on  the  above  date  by 
General  President  Hutcheson.  All  mem- 
bers present. 

The  reports  of  the  General  President, 
First  General  Vice-President  and  Second 
General  Vice-President  for  the  quarter 
ending  December  31,  1921,  were  re- 
ceived by  the  General  Executive  Board 
aud  referred  to  the  General  Secretary  for 
publication  in  "The  Carpenter." 

An  invitation  was  received  from  the 
Brotherhood  of  Painters,  Decorators  and 
Paperhangers  of  America,  Lafayette, 
Iud.,  to  the  opening  of  the  General  Of- 
fice Building  of  that  organization  to  take 
place  Thursday,  January  26,  1922.  The 
invitation  was  accepted  and  the  General 
Executive  Board  will  attend  in  a  body. 


Appeal  of  Albert  F.  Wood,  L.  U.  No. 
55  from  the  decision  of  the  Gen  ?ral 
President  in  the  case  of  Albert  F.  Wood 
vs.  L.  U.  No.  55,  Denver,  Colo.  The  de- 
cision of  the  General  President  was  sus- 
tained on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and 
appeal  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  624  from  the  de- 
cision of  (he  General  President  in  the 
case  of  Reinholt  Steinhilber  vs.  L.  U.  No. 
624,  Brockton,  Mass.  The  decision  of 
the  General  President  was  sustained  on 
grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal  dis- 
missed. 

Appeal  of  B.  W.  Post  for  Conrad  An- 
derson from  the  decision  of  the  General 
President  in  the  case  of  Post  for  Ander- 
son vs.  the  St.  Louis  Mo.  District  Coun- 
cil. The  decision  of  the  General  Presi- 
dent was  sustained  on  grounds  set  forth 
therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  1846  from  the 
decision  of  the  General  President  in  the 
case  of  S.  H.  Hinson  et  al.  vs.  L.  U.  No. 
1846,  New  Orleans,  La.  After  reviewing 
all  the  evidence  in  the  case  the  decision 
of  the  General  President  was  sustained 
on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and  the  ap- 
peal was  dismissed. 

Wilkes-Barre,  Pa.,  L.  U.  514. — In  the 
request  of  L.  U.  No.  514  relative  to  pen- 
alty imposed  on  a  former  member  of 
said  Local  admitted  to  membership  in 
L.  U.  No.  368,  Allentown,  Pa.,  the  op- 
inion of  the  General  President  is  ap- 
proved by  the  General  Executive  Board. 

Appea  lfrom  L.  U.  No.  742,  Decatur, 
111.,  from  the  decision  of  the  General 
President  in  the  case  of  L.  U.  No.  742 
vs.  O.  M.  Moore  and  W.  H.  Moore  of  L. 
U.  No.  44.  The  decision  as  rendered  by 
the  General  President  was  sustained  on 
grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal  was 
dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  1462,  Bristok, 
Pa.,  from  the  action  of  the  General  Pres- 
ident in  awarding  jurisdiction  to  L.  U. 
No.  31,  Trenton,  N.  J.,  over  Morrisville, 
Pa.  The  action  of  the  General  President 
in  granting  jurisdiction  to  L.  U.  No.  31 
over  Morrisville,  Pa.,  was  concurred  in 
by  the  General  Executive  Board. 

January  IS,  1922. 

South  Shore  District  Council  of  Long- 
Island,  N.  Y.  An  appropriation  of  $400 
was  made  for  organizing  work,  to  be 
spent  under  the  supervision  of  the  Gen- 
eral President, 

Magna,  Utah,  L.  U.  No.  1984. — Re- 
quest for  an  appropriation  for  organizing 
purposes.     Request  denied. 


THE     CARPENTER 


Roekford.  111..  L.  U.  No.  1523. — Re- 
quest for  an  appropriation  of  S500  for 
organizing  purposes.     Request  denied. 

Savannah,  Ga.,  L.  U.  No.  256. — An 
appropriation  of  $162  was  made  for  or- 
ganizing purposes  to  be  spent  under  the 
supervision  of  the  General  President. 

Montgomery  County.  Pa..  District 
Council,  Norristown,  Pa. — Request  for 
an  appropriation  of  $500  for  organizing 
purposes  denied. 

Charleston  District  Council.  Charles- 
ton. S.  C.  Request  for  an  appropriation 
of  $600  for  the  employment  of  a  Busi- 
ness Agent.     Request  denied. 

Flint.  Mich.  L.  U.  No.  1373. — An  ap- 
propriation of  $400  was  made  for  or- 
ganizing work,  to  be  spent  under  the 
supervision  of  the  General  President. 

Augusta.  Ga..  L.  U.  No.  283. — Request 
for  an  appropriation  of  $300  for  organ- 
izing purposes  denied. 

Chattanooga.  Tenn..  L.  U.  No.  74. — 
Request  for  an  appropriation  of  $200  for 
organizing  purposes  denied. 

St.  Louis.  Mo..  L.  U.  Xo.  1560. — Re- 
quest for  an  appropriation  denied. 

An  invitation  from  the  United  Textile 
Workers  of  America  to  con-tribute  in  the 
erection  of  a  monument  was  received 
and  declined. 

The  recommendations  of  the  General 
President  in  reference  to  establishing 
one  District  Council  in  Westchester 
County.  New  York,  was  approved  by  the 
General  Executive  Board. 

In  the  matter  of  consolidating  the 
Local  Unions  in  Atlanta.  Ga.,  and 
Toledo.  O..  the  General  Executive  Board 
sanctioned  same. 

Appeal  of  the  Colorado  State  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  for  the  financial  assistance 
of  the  United  Brotherhood  to  assist  in 
an  appeal  in  the  case  of  the  Industrial 
Commission  of  Colorado  against  the 
packing  house  employes.  The  General 
Executive  Board  ruled  that  in  view  of 
the  fact  that  the  United  Brotherhood  of 
Carpenters  for  years  has  defended  its 
members  in  law  suits  all  over  the  coun- 
try without  asking  for  financial  assist- 
ance from  other  unions,  it  could  not  see 
why  we  should  be  called  on  now  to  as- 
sist individual  states  and  it  is  the  op- 
inion of  the  General  Executive  Board 
that  appeals  of  this  kind  from  State  Fed- 
erations of  Labor  should  be  sent  to  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor. 

Communication  received  from  L.  U. 
No.  1462.  Bristol.  Pa.,  relative  to  the 
case  of  John  Thompson  of  L.  U.  No.  31, 


Trenton.  N.  J.,  and  Peter  Reiser  of  L. 
U.  No.  1856  of  Philadelphia.  Pa.  No 
new  evidence  having  been  submitted  by 
L.  U.  No.  1462,  the  case  cannot  be  re- 
considered. 

The  law  suits  pending  in  Cleveland, 
O..  Boston.  Mass.,  and  San  Francisco. 
Cal.,  were  referred  to  the  General  Pres- 
ident for  further  attention. 

Williamsport,  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  691. — 
Movement  to  retain  same  scale  of  wages. 
80c  per  hour,  effective  April  1,  1922. 
Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as 
the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

Peckville,  Pa..  L.  U.  No.  1678.— 
Movement  to  retain  same  scale  of  wages, 
80e  per  hour,  effective  April  1.  1922. 
Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in.  such  sums  as 
the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

Bethlehem.  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  406. — 
Movement  for  an  increase  in  wages 
from  70c  to  80c  per  hour,  effective  May 
1.  1922.  The  matter  was  referred  to  the 
General  President  and  members  of  the 
General  Executive  Board  from  the  Sec- 
ond District  for  investigation. 

January  19,  1922. 

Cheboygan.  Mich..  L.  U.  No.  2148.— 
Movement  for  the  same  scale  of  wages, 
72c  per  hour,  effective  March  1.  1922. 
Official  sanction  only,  granted.  The 
wages  of  apprentices  to  be  regulated  ac-' 
cording  to  the  length  of  their  employ- 
ment at  the  trade. 

Middle  Anthracite  District  Council, 
Pa.,  (L.  U.  No.  905.  Freehand,  Pa.)  — 
Movement  for  an  increase  in  wages  from 
76c  to  87% c  per  hour,  and  44-hour 
week,  effective  April  1.  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted,  financial  aid  to  be  con- 
sidered later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds 
will  warrant,  as  reports  are  received  at 
the  General  Office. 

Harrisburg.  HI.,  L.  U.  No.  669. — 
Movement  for  the  same  scale  of  wages, 
Si  per  hour,  effective  March  1.  1922. 
Official  sanction  only,  granted. 

Reading.  Pa..  L.  U.  No.  492. — Move- 
ment for  the  same  scale  of  wages  of  75c 
per  hour,  effective  May  1,  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted ;  financial  aid  to  be  con- 
sidered later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds 
will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

Sherbrooke,  Que.,  Can.,  L.  U.  No. 
1684. — Movement  for  an  increase  in 
wages  from  50c  to  60c  per  hour,  and  the 


THE     CARPENTER 


31 


hour  day.  Official  sanction  granted; 
inancial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in 
uch  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as 
eports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

Kansas  State  Council  of  Carpenters' 
ecommendation  that  the  General  Execu- 
ive  Board  bring  before  the  next  General 
.Convention  a  plan  to  create  and  main- 
ain  a  National  Home  and  Hospital  for 
lisabled  carpenters,  their  wives  and 
iiinor  children.  The  General  Executive 
3oard  referred  the  matter  to  the  next 
jeneral  Convention. 

I    Twin   Falls,    Ida.,   L.    U.   No.    1116. — 

Resolution    received    from    Local    asking 

hat  the  per  capita  tax  be  reduced  from 

40e  to  30c  per  month.     Request  denied, 

nasmuch   as   a    reduction   in   per  capita 

ax  would  necessarily  have  to  carry  with 

t   a  reduction    in    death,    disability   and 

j  strike  benefits. 

Montreal,  Que.,  Can.,  District  Council. 
• — Renewal  of  agreement  calling  for 
ivage  of  75c  per  hour,  8-hour  day,  effec- 
tive April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted,  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will 
warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the  Gen- 
eral Office. 

Denver,  Colo.,  L.  U.  No.  55. — Request 
to  submit  for  referendum  vote  of  mem- 
bership amendment  to  General  Constitu- 
tion. Request  denied,  as  laws  were  not 
complied  with. 

The  invitation  from  the  International 
Union  of  Wood  Workers  to  attend  its 
Convention  in  Vienna,  Austria,  in  June, 
1922,  received,  and  it  was  decided  that 
the  United  Brotherhood  be  represented 
by  two  delegates,  the  General  President 
to  be  one  of  the  delegates  and  he  to  ap- 
point the  other. 

The  following   full    accountings   were 
made  to  the  General  Executive  Board  for 
remittances     sent    the    following    Local 
Unions  and  District  Councils  for  the  re- 
lief of  men  locked  out  or  on  strike: 
L.  U.  No.   1505,  Berlin,  N.  H., 
July,      August,      September, 
October,   November,    Decem- 
ber     $1,536.00 

L.  U.  No.  491,  Corinth,  N.  Y., 
June,  July,  August,  Septem- 
ber,      October,       November, 

1921    4,788.00 

L.  U.  No.  229,  Glens  Falls,  N. 
Y.,  June,  July,  August,  Sep- 
tember,   October,    November, 

1921    1,389.00 

District  Council,  Portland,  Me., 

1921    7,176.00 


L.    U.    No.    258,    International 

Falls,  Minn.,  June,   1921 .  .  .       400.00 

L.    U.    No.     1338,    Jonquieres, 

Que.,  May,  June,  1921 2,070.00 

L.  U.  No.  286,  Great  Falls, 
Mont.,  September,  October, 
1921    2,000.00 

L.  U.  2289,  Chicago,  111.,  Sep- 
tember, October,    1921 23,946.00 

L.    U.    No.     1260,    Iowa    City, 

Iowa,    May,    1921 246.00 

District  Council,  Ohio  Valley, 
Wheeling,  Va.,  July,  August, 
1921    8,268.00 

District  Council,  Morris  and 
Union-Madison,  N.  J.,  July, 
August,    1921     570.00 

L.   U.   No.   1441,   Cannonsburg, 

Pa.,   September,   1921 114.00 

L.  U.  No.  183,  Peoria,  111.,  May, 

June,    July,   August,    1921..    5,202.00 

L.    U.    No.    206,    New    Castle, 

Pa.,  April,  May,  June.   1921   1,524.00 

L.  U.  No.  81,  Erie,  Pa.,  March, 

April,  May.  June,  July,  1921   5,956.00 

L.  U.  No.  1835,  Waterloo,  la., 
March,  April,  May,  June, 
1921    3,859.00 

District  Council,  Fall  River, 
Mass.,  May,  June,  July, 
August,    1921     11,862.00 

District      Council,      Worcester, 

Mass.,   April,    1921. 2,268.00 

L.  U.   1456,  New  York,  N.  Y„ 

April,   May,  June,   1921 32,874.00 

District  Council,  Pittsburgh, 
Pa.,  June,  July.  August, 
September,   October,    1921 .  .71,S63.00 

L.    U.    948,    Sioux    City,    Iowa, 

May,    June,    1921 2,598.00 

L.  U.  No.  1963,  Livermore 
Falls,  Me.,  May  to  Decem- 
ber,   1921    7,446.00 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  District  Council, 

April,  May,  June,  July,  1921   5,658.00 
Corinth,   N.    Y.,   L.    U.    No.    491. — Re- 
quest for  continuation  of  strike  benefits. 

Request  denied. 

Livermore  Falls,  Me..  L.  U.  No.  1963. 

— Request    for     continuation     of    strike 

benefits.     Request  denied. 

Berlin,    N.    H.,    L.    U.    1505. — Request 

for  continuation  of  strike  benefits.     Re- 
quest denied. 

Ft.  Erwards,  N.   Y..  L.  U.  No.   673. — 

Request  for  continuation  of  strike  bene- 
fits.    Request  denied. 

Glen   Park,    N.    Y.,    L.    I'.    No.    439. — 

Request  for  continuation  of  strike  bene- 
fits.    Request  denied. 


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THE     CARPENTER 


Great  Falls,   Mont.,  L.   U.   No.   286. —  sion  of  the  General  Treasurer  was  sus- 

Request  for  continuation  of  strike  bene-  tained  on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and 

fits.     Request  denied.  appeal  dismissed. 

Roswell,    N.    M.,   L.    U.   No.    511. — An  Appeal  of  Hugo  Hjalmarsen,  L.  U.  No. 

appropriation  of  $180  was  made  for  the  787,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  from  the  decision 

relief  of  men  on  strike.  of  the  General  Treasurer  in  disapproving 

New  York,  N.  Y.,  L.  U.  569. — Request  claim  for  disability.     The  decision  of  the 

for  an  appropriation  to  cover  tax.     Re-  General  Treasurer  was  sustained  on  the 

quest  denied.  grounds  that  paragraph  A,  Section  51,  of 

Knoxville,   Tenn.,  L.  U.  No.   50. — Re-  our  General  Laws  state  that  a  member 

quest  for  an  appropriation  of   $500  for  who   becomes   permanently    disabled   for 

organizing    purposes.      The    matter   was  life  by   accidental   injuries   received   not 

laid  over  until  next  meeting  of  the  Gen-  less    than    one    year    after    becoming   a 

eral  Executive  Board.  member,    etc.      It   is   therefore   apparent 

Washington,  D.   C,  L.  U.  No.   132. —  that  the  intent   of  the  law   is   that  the 

Requesting  the  General  Executive  Board  date  of  the  accident  must  be  more  than 

to  reimburse   Local   Union    for  attorney  one  year  after  the  date  of  the  member 

fees  due  to  action  of  a  member  of  Local  being    admitted    to    the    Brotherhood    to 

taking  claim  for  benefits  to  court.     Ac-  entitle  him  to  donation  and  the  amount 

tion  was  deferred  by  the  General  Execu-  of  donations  for  two,  three,  four  and  five 

tive  Board  pending  result  of  the  trial  of  years    would    therefore   be    reckoned    on 

charges  preferred  against  the  member.  same  basis.     The  appeal  is  therefore  dis- 

January  20,  1922.  missed. 

Utah  State  Council  of  Carpenters,  Appeal  of  Martha  E.  Doland  from  the 
Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. — Appealing  for  decision  of  the  General  Treasurer  in  dis- 
financial  assistance  on  behalf  of  four  approving  claim  for  death  benefits  of  her 
Local  Unions.  The  request  was  denied  husband.  John  Roland,  L.  U.  No.  420, 
for  the  reason  that  the  General  Execu-  Detroit,  Mich.  The  General  Executive 
tive  Board  ruled  that  requests  of  this  Board  sustained  the  decision  of  the  Gen- 
nature  must  come  direct  from  the  Local  eral  Treasurer  on  grounds  set  forth 
Unions  to  receive  consideration  of  the  therein  and  appeal  was  dismissed. 
Board.  January  21,   1922. 

Appeal  of  Clement  Tarditi,  L.  U.  No.  The  quarterly  audit  of  the  books  and 

36,  Oakland,   Cal.,   from  the  decision  of  accounts  was  taken  up  at  this  time, 

the    General    Treasurer    in    disapproving  iqoo 

claim    for    disability    benefits    was    laid  ■  y        ' 

...   ,.  ,  ,.  „  ,,      ^  Audit    of    books    and    accounts    eon- 

over  untd  the  next  meeting  of  the  Gen- 
eral Executive  Board  and  in  the  mean- 
time the  case  to  be  taken  up  with  the  January  24,  1922. 
Local  Union                                                                  Audit    of    books    and    accounts    con- 
Appeal  of  R.  S.  Greer,  L.  U.  No.  753,       tinued. 
Beaumont,  Tex.,  from  the  decision  of  the  January  25,  1922. 
General  Treasurer  in  disapproving  claim           Audit    of    books    and    accounts    corn- 
for  wife's   funeral  donation.      The  deci-       pleted. 

January  26,  1922. 
The  following  report  was  made  by  the  special  committee : 
To  the  Members  of  the  General  Executive  Board. 

Gentlemen : — We  find  the  following  bonds  and  certificates  of  indebtedness  in 
the  safe  deposit  vault : 

50  Second  Liberty  Loan,  $1,000.00  each,  4%%  interest $50,000.00 

15  Third  Liberty  Loan,  $5,000.00  each;  4%%  interest 75,000.00 

9  Third  Liberty  Loan,  $500.00  each,  .4%%  interest 4,500.00 

35  Third  Liberty  Loan,  $100.00  each,  4%%  interest 3,500.00 

10  Fourth  Liberty  Loan,  $10,000.00  each,  4%  interest 100,000.00 

3  Fourth  Liberty  Loan,  $500.00  each,  4%%  interest 1,500.00 

Total $234,500.00 

5  Victory  Loan  Bonds,  Canada,  $5,000.00  5%%  interest $25,000.00 

25  Victory  Loan  Bonds,  Canada,  $1,000.00,  5y2%  interest.  .  .  .      25,000.00 

Total $50,000.00 


THE     CARPENTER 

Total  in  Bonds $284,500.00 

Certificates  of  Indebtedness 

No.  1834,  March  15,  1921,  5%%  interest $150,000.00 

No.  1881,  June  15,  1921,  4  V±%  interest 50,000.00 


Total .$200,000.00 

NOTE — Two  $10,000.00  bonds,  $20,000.00  is  represented  by  receipt  from  George 
V.  Tibbies,  Clerk  of  Common  Pleas  Court,  Hamilton  County,  O.,  as  an  attach- 
ment Bond  in  case  of  Cook  vs.  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America. 

(Signed) 

T.   M.   GUERIN, 
D.  A.   POST. 


Sioux  City,  Iowa,  L.  U.  No.  948. — An 
appropriation  of  $252  was  made  for  the 
relief  of  men  locked  out  as  per  report 
submitted  to  the  General  Executive 
Board. 

Tonopah,  Nev.,  L.  U.  No.  1417. — An 
appropriation  of  $300  was  made  for  the 
relief  of  men  locked  out. 

A  communication  was  received  from 
Mr.  W.  P.  Welts,  Director  of  the  Na- 
tional Industrial  Division  of  the  Near 
East  Relief,  thanking  the  United  Broth- 
erhood for  the  publicity  giving  condi- 
tions as  they  exist  in  the  Near  East, 
through  the  medium  of  our  official 
Journal. 

The  General  Secretary  reported  the 
progress  made  in  compiling  and  writing 
the  history  of  the  United  Brotherhood 
and  that  he  finds  it  a  very  tedious  job. 
The  work  of  research  and  correspond- 
ence with  unions,  officers  and  members 
in  all  parts  of  the  country  in  search  of 
information  is  a  slow  process,  but  with 
all  that  he  has  now  reached  the  year 
1900.  In  the  near  future  he  proposes 
submitting  what  he  has  ready  to  the 
printer  to  be  set  up  in  galley  form  and 
corrected  later. 

Vallejo,  Cal.,  L.  U.  No.  180. — Report 
of  conditions  received  by  the  General 
Executive  Board,  together  with  copy  of 
proposed  agreement.  The  Board  ruled 
that  the  usual  financial  assistance  will 
be  given  when  the  information  desired 
is  received  at  the  General  Office. 

San  Jose,  Cal.,  District  Council. — Re- 
quest for  assurance  of  financial  aid  from 
General  Office  to  combat  non-union  shop 
conditions.  The  Board  ruled  that  finan- 
cial aid  at  this  time  cannot  be  assured 
until  the  information  desired  is  supplied 
to  the  General  Office. 

Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  District  Council. — 
The  organizing  campaign  of  Los  Angeles 
and  vicinity  was  agreed  to  and  the  Gen- 
eral   President    was    authorized    to    give 


whatever  assistance  he  considers  neces- 
sary. 

Chicago,  111.,  District  Council. — Re- 
questing financial  assistance  in  behalf 
of  L.  U.  No.  2200,  Chicago,  111.  The 
General  Executive  Board  ruled  that  in- 
asmuch as  the  members  -  of  L.  U.  No. 
2200  not  having  been  called  on  strike 
or  lockout,  the  General  Executive  Board 
cannot  grant  financial  aid. 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can.,  District  Council. 
— Request  for  continuation  of  organizing 
appropriation.  Referred  to  the  General 
President  for  further  investigation  and 
action. 

Mobile,  Ala.,  District  Council.- — Re- 
quest for  an  appropriation  for  organizing 
purposes.  Referred  to  the  General  Pres- 
ident for  investigation  and  action. 

Baltimore,  Md.,  District  Council. — Re- 
quest for  an  appropriation  for  organiz- 
ing purposes.  Referred  to  the  General 
President  for  investigation. 

Portland,  Ore.,  L.  U.  No.  2416. — The 
sum   of   $200   was   appropriated   for   or- 
ganizing purposes  to  be  spent  under  the 
supervision  of  the  General  President. 
January  27,  1922. 

Cincinnati,  O.,  District  Council. — An 
appropriation  of  $173  was  made  for  the 
relief  of  men  on  strike  as  balance  of 
benefits. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  97,  New  Britain, 
Conn.,  from  the  decision  of  the  General 
Treasurer  in  the  disapproved  claim  for 
disability  benefits  of  Daniel  De  Bay. 
The  decision  of  the  General  Treasurer 
was  sustained  on  grounds  set  forth 
therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

Peru,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  195. — Report  rel- 
ative to  lockout  was  considered  by  the 
General  Executive  Board  after  which  it 
was  referred  to  the  resident  officers  for 
further  investigation. 

There  being  no  further  business  to 
come  before  the  Board,  the  minutes  were 
read  and  the  session  was  adjourned.    The 


36 


THE     CARPENTER 


next    meeting    to    be    held    commencing 
Monday,  March  20,  1922. 

Respectfully   submitted, 
FRANK  DUFFY, 
Secretary  G. 


E.  B. 


Locals  Chartered  In  January 

Piedras  Negras,  Coah,  Mex. 
Sliidler,  Okla.  Athens,  Tex. 

Eagle  Pass,  Tex.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Pomona,  Cal.  Huntington   Park,  Cal. 

Murray,   Ky.  Sulphur,   Okla. 

New  Castle,   Ind.  Oakland  City,  Ind. 

Paris,  111. 

Total,  12  Local  Unions. 

• 

What's  the  Real  Good? 

"What's  the  real  good?" 
I  asked  in  musing  mood. 


Order,  said  the  law  <~oiir63 
Knowledge,  said  the  school^ 
Truth,  said  the  wise  man; 
Pleasure,  said  the  fool; 
Love,  said  the  maiden; 
Beauty,  said  the  page; 
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Home,  said  the  sage; 
Equity,  the  seer, 
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"The  answer  is  not  here." 
Then  within  my  bosom 
Softly  this  I  heard: 
"Each  heart  holds  the  secret! 
Kindness  is  the  word." 

— John  Boyle  O'Reilly. 


International  Brotherhood  of  Painters  Open  Their  New  Home 

The  new  International  Headquarters  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Painters,  Decorators 
and  Paperhangers  of  America  formally  opened  Thursday,  February  26,  at  Lafayette, 
Ind.  The  opening  was  attended  by  representatives  of  many  unions,  among  whom, 
were  our  General  Officers  and  General  Executive  Board.     And  from  all  reports  they 


General  Office  Building  of  The  Brotherhood  of  Painters,  Decorators  and 
Paperhangers  of  America,  LaFayette,  Indiana 

thoroughly  enjoyed  the  occasion.  The  Painters  have  a  magnificent  building  well 
equipped  for  the  management  of  their  business.  It  is  a  four  story  structure,  60  ft. 
wide  and  131  ft.  deep  and  cost  $200,000.  The  accompanying  cut  is  a  good  picture 
of  the  new  home  and  it  is  one  that  the  membership  may  well  be  proud  of. 


Claims  Paid 


CLAIMS  PAID   DURING  THE  MONTH  OF  JANUARY,   1922 


[aim 
So. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local  I  Membership 
Union     Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 


Am't 
Paid 


1732  Wilhelmina  Stigter    

1733  Mary   Wilson    

1734  Otto   Carlson    

1735  Amos    Brewer     

1730  Edna    Grimes     

!!737  Mrs.   John   A.    Carlson 

'38  Martha   Bund    

i39  Laura   E.    Miller 

:740  John    R.    Williams    (Dis.)... 

741  Patrick  J.  Nally    (Dis.) 

742  T.    W.    Coons 

T43  Frank   Larson    (Dis.) 

'44   Erancis    A.    Sefton 

'45  Louise  Buse    

740  Swante   A.    Berg 

747  William    E.    Hagan 

748  Joseph  Drinkwine    

749  Ancy    Belle   Kirkland 

750  Bertha  J.   Conrad 

751  Esther    Meyer    

752  Matilda   Witzel    

753  M.    S.    Hare 

754  Sarah   Karrick    

755  Mrs.   E.   F.    Van   Walrauen.  . 
[  756  Charles   Kenick    

757  Charles   W.    Hubbard 

758  Michael  J.  O'Brien 

759  Aaron   Dean    

760  James    A.    Lee 

761  Martin   Straka    

762  Samuel   A.   Wyatt    

763  Oscar  Holdman    

764  Burton   A.    Gerdiner 

765  Emma    Brosseau    

766  John     Schild     

767  Augusta    L.    Hedberg 

768  Fred    Walter    Johnson 

'769  Andrew    C.    Schneider    (Dis.) 

770  James    A.    Greer 

771  Joseph    J.    S.    McManus 

772  Julius   Leboff    

773  Fannie  Collins    

;  774  Nellie   W.    Coe 

775  Mary    E.    Adams 

776  Filippo    Turcone    

777  Harry    Rasmussen     

778  Charles    W.    Bridwell 

779  Mary  Elizabeth  Hanes 

780  Christian    Anderson    

781  Otis    W.    Miller 

7*2  Marv  Miller    

783  Mary    Noe     

784  Annie  Gertrude  Bedell 

785  L.  Nettie  Agnes  Thompson.  . 

786  Virginia    Varin    Masse 

787  Frank    Ruther    

788  Angeline   Crosby    

789  Charles   A.   Benson 

790  Lucas  Cormier   

791  Alson    O.    Nickerson 

i  792  Benson    B.    Hicks 

793  Richard    Williams     (Dis.)... 

"94  Columbus    N.    Adams 

795  Sabra   Isabel    Schofield 

"96  S.   S.   Haines    (Dis.) 

797  Herbert    Hulme    

798  Joseph  J.   McCarty 

799  John    B.    Sessions'. 

1=800  Thomas    J.    Bishop. 

=801  Mrs.   F.   Beck....    

=802  Samuel    S.    Ellis 

=803  Alexander   Radcliffe    

804  Louis    Weitsel    

805  Joseph  Lingg 

806  Katherine    Perkins . 

=807  Frances  Hosticka    


4 

10 

8 

10 

29 

1 

11 

4 

11 

50 

1 

1 

75 

3 

5 

87 

2 

11 

87 

13 

8 

116 

1 

10 

125 

7 

5 

132 

8 

S 

139 

3 

6 

183 

15 

9 

328 

6 

11 

374 

21 

4 

434 

19 

7 

541 

20 

0 

S67 

3 

3 

923 

8 

3 

976 

19 

7 

1324 

1 

7 

1560 

4 

0 

1723 

0 

4 

1725 

18 

3 

1920 

5 

0 

2085 

2 

2 

3 

12 

5 

10 

29 

6 

31 

33 

7 

31 

11 

6 

54 

20  . 

9 

61 

14 

8 

61 

21 

5 

62 

15 

3 

67 

15 

10 

72 

27 

2 

131 

3 

4 

165 

.  2 

11 

199 

10 

3 

208 

21 

1 

276 

22 

7 

330 

2 

5 

348 

13 

6 

393 

17 

3 

568 

1 

9 

632 

2 

3 

635 

14 

5 

716 

2 

11 

769 

10 

8 

791 

15 

4 

841 

9 

2 

985 

9 

8 

1134 

11 

5 

1292 

5 

7 

1302 

15 

2 

1558 

S 

4 

1784 

11 

11 

21SS 

21 

1 

2237 

1 

8 

40 

1C   • 

6 

55 

31 

7 

273 

18 

6 

273 

19 

9 

427 

2 

11 

624 

11 

6 

763 

9 

7 

797 

9 

11 

904 

3 

7 

1258 

3 

3 

1436 

IS 

10 

1960 

2 

11 

1964 

1 

3 

2066 

2 

11 

0 

35 

8 

20 

1 

10 

26 

10 

9 

39 

6 

0 

Pneumonia     

Carcinoma     

Suicide     

Heart  failure 

Asphyxia    

Sepsis     

Apoplexy    

Typhoid   fever    

Accidental    

Fall    

Accidental    

Accidental    

Heart    failure    

Leukemia     

Pneumonia     

Pneumonia     

Cancer   

Heart    trouble    

Heart  failure    

Embolism     

Myocarditis     

Cirrhosis   of  liver.  .  . 
Bright's  disease   .... 

Gall   trouble    

Apoplexy    

Tuberculosis    

Cerebral  hemorrhage 
Bright's  disease   .... 

Apoplexy      

Myocarditis    

Encephalitis    

Heart    trouble    

Typhoid   fever    

Pneumonia    

Arterio   sclerosis    . .  . 

Cancer    

Gangrene   

Fall    

Apoplexy    

Nephritis 

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    , 

Eclampsia    , 

Angina    pectoris 

Appendicitis    

Meningitis     , 

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Carcinoma    

Cancer    

Heart  disease , 

Diabetis    

Pneumonia    

Pneumonia     

Tuberculosis    

Arterio   sclerosis    ..  i,  [ 

Dementia     /.'.'. 

Bright's    disease,    \  \  \ 
Embolism     ...  .  , 
Accidental     .  %  .  „  [  \\  \ 
Tuberculosis 

Fall     .»...."".'] 

Embolism ]'m'm 

Periton'  cis 

Fall     '.'.'.'.'.'.'. 

Embolism.    ......... 

Nephritis    .......... 

Pneumonia    

Apoplc-xy    

Nephritis      

Heart  trouble 

Accidental    

CelulitisJ   

Accidental     

Diabetis    

Tuberculosis     


$  75.00 

75.00 

200.00 

50.0(1 

75.00 

50.00' 

75.00 

25.00^ 

4OO-..00' 

400.00 

50.00< 

400.00' 

75.00> 

75.00' 

300.00) 

300.00 

50.00 

75.00 

75.00 

25.00 

75.00 

50.00 

75.00 

75.00 

100.0P„ 

300.00> 

30Q.Q0< 

300.W 

12;kO0' 

500.00' 

300.00' 

300.00' 

300.00' 

7.~./'0' 

3O8UB0! 

75.001 

ioo.oo> 

400.00> 
300.0'.;* 
3Q0JMI 
lCKkW 

75/  »0 

•J5  00 
1OO.00 
3f,0.00 

25.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

■\-:.r,  00 

75.00 

50.00 

300.00 

300.no 

300.00 

400.00 

100.00 

75.00 

100.00 

75.00 

50.00 

50.00 

125.00 

50.00' 

50.00 
100.00' 
300.00' 
50.00 
75.00 
75.00 


38 


THE     CARPEXTER 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


|  Local 
I  Union 


Membership 
Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 


Am't 
Paid 

4,    ,-J  Cm 

BOOM 

i'o/ 

300.0C 
75.0C 
T5.(K 

300.0* 
300.CK 

4oo!o( 

S'.-O.i 

3  .'0.C 
75.' 
50  n 

12;  o 


300. 
300. 


50.01 
75.0< ! 
25.0< 

30O.C" 

3o0.a 

75:0« 

25.0* 

300.C 

75.0 

300.'" 

300.0< 

300.0- 

300.' 

400.C 

200.O 

75.0' 

SO.Of 

400.0 

75.0 

75.0  ; 

400.0 

100.0 

200.0 

30O.0 

200.0 

300.0 

300.0 

300.0  | 

75.0 

300.0  j 

100.0  > 

75.0 

75.0| 

150.0 

300.0 

75.0: 

50.0 

75.0' 

75.0 

75.0 

50.0! 

75.0' 

300.1: 
son.': 

300.0  I 

125.0 

300.G 

75.C 

50.C 

300X 
125.C 
300/ 
300.C 
50.C 
400.C 

50.C 
125  ' 
300. 


44808  Harrv    Vanderstine    (Dis.,)  . 

44809  Lewis  Rockwell    

44810  Lillie    E.    Walter 

44811  Thomas    W.    Gerdes      

44812  George  Wach    

44S13  Ida  Rise    

44814  Mary    Grace    Spillman 

44815  Edward  William  Marsh.... 

44816  Frank    Koerner    

44817  Ella  Rothang   

44818  Lewis   Van   Popering    (Dis.) 

44819  Nelson  Oliver   

44820  Elmer    Smith    

44S21  Mrs.    L.   L.   Martin 

44822   Cvnthia   W.    Rennev 

44S23  Cornelius    Mansel 

44824  Julia    K.    Littleton 

44825  Michael    Berezowskv     

44826  William    H.     Clavton 

44827  Guy    C.    Welliver* 

44828  Frank    Springman    

44829  Michael    Larinkanis    

44830  Marceline  Guertin   

44831  Effie  Belle  Cross 

44832  Flora   Oman    Spiker 

44833  Elizabeth   Krautscheid    .... 

44834  John    William    Matchett.  .  . 
44S35  Otto    B.    Johnson 

44836  James    Yvleto    

44837  Julia    Olson    

44835  Marv    C.    Morris 

44839  Alfred  Johnson    

44840  Isabelle    E.    Murrav 

44841  Rov   Blackwell   Jones 

44842  N. "  Olson     

44843  Richard  H.  Worley 

44S44  Julius    Lenz    

44845  W.   M.   Morris    (Dis.) 

44846  Robert    E.    Gordon 

44847  Karen    Anderson    

44848  John    Ferguson    

44849  A.  B.   Clark    fDis.) 

44850  Charles    Edward   King 

44851  Anna    C.    Jensen 

44852  H.   J.   Amos    (Dis.) 

44S53  Isaac    Snow    

44854  Michael    Holland,    Jr 

44855  Elzear    John    Mousseau.... 

44856  Arthur   P.    Fontaine 

44857  George    W.    Thompson 

44858  Mauritz    N.     Lindstrom .  .  .  . 

44859  Joseph     Alose     

44860  Alphonsine   Lavois    

44861  Emil    Mundinger    

44862  James   A.    Moore 

44863  Laura    P.    LaPointe 

44864  Mamie    Barnes     

44865  John    Groff     

44866  John    King    

44867  Dana    A.    Jones 

44868  Adah    Tanheiss     

44869  Marv  M.   Bover 

44870  Annie    S.    Ca'rlson 

44871  Jennie  Mavbelle  Webb 

44872  John  W.    Paxton 

44873  Blanche  Musielak    

44874  John   Evans    

44875  Patrick    McDonald    

44876  Ray   C.   Merwin 

44877  Andrew    Carlson    

44878  Frank    O.    Meliln 

44879  Valentine   Schumert    

44880  Margaret  Phillips    

44881  Ame<die    Fontaine     

44882  Baraba    Pechauer    

44883  Zillia   Vreeland    

44884  Charles    E.    Mitchell 

44S85  Fred  W.   Bailev 

44886  August  Ericson    

44887  Richard    Enoch    Cox 

44888  James    Prochazka    

44889  William  H.  Hurley   (Dis.).. 

44890  John  J.  Hanlon 

44891  Catherine    E.    Hulstrunk.  .  . 
44^92  David   J.    Greer 

44893  Charles   W.   Chumnez 

44894  Lula  Douglas    

44895  Joseph    Baceari    

4-1S96  Henry  R.  Minion 


67 

119 

132 

183 

237 

308 

344 

349 

374 

374 

412 

420 

447 

526 

531 

540 

626 

687 

691 

691 

691 

907 

1075 

1256 

1802 

1922 

1995 

13 

54 

80 

80 

80 

117 

132 

141 

365 

440 

477 

764 

791 
1071 
1082 
1456 
1568 
1835 
2016  I 
19 
99  I 
99  • 

143  ! 

174  ' 

365  ! 

445  I 

488  ' 

645  I 

683  I 
1017  I 
1051  | 
1244  ! 
1394  ' 
1769 
43 

181 

213 

331 

334 

341  | 

366 

404 

429 

429 

433 

578 

861 

1146 

1209 

1572 

10 

22 

22 

54 

75 

78 

146  ' 

230  I 

259  I 

259  I 

275  I 

306  ! 


11 
19 
12 

2 
20 
19 
18 
15 
31 
21 

5 
13 
19 

3 

2 
15 
11 

1 
21 

6 

5 

3 
19 
15 

2 
13 

2 
15 
18 
17 

1 
18 
12 
20 
15 
22 
12 

8 

4 

4 

4 
14 

5 
14 
20 

2 

4 
21 

4 
35 

8 
31 

4 
26 

2 
11 

4 

3 
15 

6 

9 

20 

14 

12 

4 

5 

23 

35 

5 

5 

12 

23 

4 


19 
12 
16 
26 
23 

1 
22 
23 

2 
11 
14 
16 

3 
22 


10 
5 

10 
2 

10 
4 
8 
6 
6 
6 
7 
8 
7 
9 
1 
2 

10 

11 
1 
8 
5 
6 
7 
1 
2 

11 
4 


10 
8 

10 
6 
9 
6 
8 
7 
6 
8 
3 
3 
5 
6 
3 

10 
7 
4 
8 
0 
4 
8 

10 

10 
9 
0 
1 
6 
0 

10 

11 

5 
7 
1 
5 
10 
9 
4 


11 

8 

8 
11 

6 
11 

5 
11 

1 

6 

8 

9  ! 

6 


Accidental  

Intestinal  obstruction 

Tumor  

Pyelitis  

Pneumonia  

Myocarditis  

Pneumonia  

Heart  failure    

Angina    pectoris    

Carcinoma   

Accidental    

Tuberculosis    , 

Tumor    

Eclampsia 

Embolism 

Heart  trouble 

Tuberculosis    

Accidental    , 

Nephritis    

Accidental    

Embolism    , 

Pneumonia    , 

Myocarditis   

Thrombosis    

Heart  disease 

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Myocarditis   

Cerebral   hemorrhage    . 
Cirrhosis   of  liver. 

Eclampsia    

Heart  disease 

Diabetis    mellitus 
Mitral  regurgitation    . 

Heart  disease 

Myocarditis     

Nephritis    

Nephritis    

Accidental   

Paralysis    

Intestinal    obstruction 

Anaemia    

Accidental     

Apoplexy    , 

Eclampsia    , 

Accidental   

Meningitis    , 

Suicide 

Heart  disease , 

Tuberculosis    

Endocarditis     , 

Accidental    , 

Hemorrhage    

Nephritis    

Endocarditis    

Apoplexy    , 

Abscess    , 


Peritonitis 

Pneumonia    

Bright's  disease 

Nephritis    

Heart  trouble 

Nephritis    

Cirrhosis   of  liver ' 

Intestinal    obstruction    • 

Carcinoma    

Heart   trouble    

Anaemia    ' 

Nephritis    ' 

Heart   failure f 

Tuberculosis    | 

Apoplexy    

Arterio   sclerosis    I 

Apoplexy    

Cancer   

Pneumonia    ! 

Carcinoma   I 

Suicide ' 

Heart    disease    

Nephritis    ' 

Mitral  regurgitation I 

Nephritis    I 

Accidental    I 

Heart  trouble 

Cerebral    hemorrhage    I 

Carcinoma     j 

Accidental    

Pneumonia    ! 

Pneumonia    j 

Cerebral  hemorrhage 


150.< 

300; 


THE     CARPENTER 


39 


laim 
Vo. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


1897  Michael    Frehler    

1898  Richard  H.   Hite 

1899  Richard    E.    West 

1900  Alice    E.    Noecker 

!901  Charles   Jones    

(902  John    Lund     

1903  Jose   Alameda    (Dis.) 

1904  Annie   Muse    

1905  Annie    McElvain     

1906  Edward    C.    Mueller 

1907  Peter    Michels    

(90S  John    E.    Pope 

1909  T.  J.   Rea 

1910  Fred    J.    Powers 

1911  Lillian    Brirk     

1912  Michael    Labriola    

1913  Caroline   A.    Fox 

1914  John    F.    Stephenson 

■1915  Erik    Gustave    Cronquist.  .  . 

1916  Henry    A.    Kaitting 

1917  John  Freberg    

1918  Bertha   B.    Spaeth 

1919  Edith    Renelt    

1920  Elizabeth  Jane  Hunt 

1921  Rosanna    Marois    

'  1922  Solomon   Schafer    

1923  Tillie    V.    Osterhont 

•1924  Glenadeane   Motter    

1925  Peter   See    

.1926  Charles   Pascal   Foster 

1927  Michael  J.  Moonan 

1928  Andrew  Johnson    

1929  Olivina    Leclair    

1930  William   P.    Annals 

1931  Catherine    Holland    

1932  Bernard    L.    Piehl 

1933  Frederick    Hartmann    

1934  Andrew    G.    Gustafson 

,'1935  Ellen  A.  Hofels 

11936  Arzelio    Dion    

[1937  George  W.    Henry 

1938  Harmon    E.    Shipman 

1939  Alfred  Carlson   

4940  Charles   H.   Mitchell 

.1941  Andrew  Rager    

4942  Lloyd    W.    Cooper 

:1943  Joseph   B.   Turner 

1944  Samuel   Goodwin    

i!945  Joseph   E.   Brodeur 

1946  Chrales    Gokey    (Dis.) 

1947  Charles   H.    Dwy 

4948  Cora    A.    Hyde 

4949  Joseph    Grant    Snyder 

14850  Edith    I.    Poulter 

1951  August   Schilowsky    

1952  Allie  Huskins   

1953  Alice   Criswell    

1954  Frank   Vaileneour    

4955  John    T.    Barrett 

1956  Robert   V.    Reynolds 

4957  Henry    S.    Rose 

4958  Elizabeth   Hill    

'4959  M.    Kucharski    (Baker) 

■4960  George  J.   Lambert 

4961  Annie   Ready    

•4962  Aloysius     A.     Hoffman 

4963  Harvey    E.    Robertson 

4964  James    E.    Flanagan 

4965  Irena    V.    Warren , 

4966  Augustus  B.   Davis 

4967  Edward    E.    Masters , 

4968  Lester  Anderson    , 

4969  Charles   Beauregard    (Dis) 


Local 
Union 


385 

388 

4S3 

492 

698 

1456 

1589 

64 

64 

81 

87 

132 

200 

206 

261 

620 

842 

842 

1695 

2184 

7 

22 

31 

56 

78 

129 

146 

200 

242 

253 

298 

385 

390 

747 

760 

791 

808 

808 

891 

1125 

1297 

1524 

58 

101 

120 

360 

483 

499 

585 

747 

804 

985 

1185 

1241 

2090 

2451 

55 

87 

132 

132 

241 

277 

277 

314 

540 

586 

595 

621 

705 

862 

950 

991 

1350 


Membership  | 
Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 


27 

1 

15 

20 

19 

3 

3 

19 

1 

3 

12 

8 

31 

2 

2 

5 

2 

16 

9 

2 

21 

21 

1 

9 

22 

20 

3 

3 

20 

21 

37 

13 

10 

20 

6 

21 

25 

12 

18 

7 

19 

13 

14 

31 

4 

1 

15 

1 

5 

15 

19 

13 

5 

20 

26 

1 

1 

19 

8 

8 

11 

4 

3 

1 

16 

1 

17 

4 

21 

17 

29 

11 

3 


1 
8 
3 

10 
8 
9 
8 

11 
7 

11 
4 

11 
5 

10 
3 
2 
8 
7 
3 
5 

11 
4 
3 
9 

10 
4 
7 
2 

10 

10 
8 
2 
5 
9 
0 
6 

10 
8 
2 
8 
1 
5 
6 
6 
8 
S 
6 
1 

10 
0 
5 
5 
7 
0 

10 
4 
6 
5 
1 
2 
5 
5 
5 
9 
5 
6 
8 
4 
1 
3 
8 
5 
1 


Myocarditis     

Cancer   

Accidental     

Mitral    regurgitation 
Cirrhosis    of    liver. . . 

Heart  disease 

Accidental    

Cancer   

Catarrh    

Tuberculosis    

Mitral    regurgitation 

Pneumonia    

Senility    

Accidental    

Sepsis     

Tuberculosis    

Tetanus    

Arterio  sclerosis 

Tuberculosis    

Heart  failure 

Ulcer    

Heart    trouble    

Nephritis    

Tuberculosis    

Addison's    disease    .  .  . 
Arterio   sclerosis 

Nephritis    

Accidental    

Myocarditis     

Cancer    

Pneumonia    

Tuberculosis    

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Pneumonia    

Ulcer    

Peritonitis     

Endocarditis    

Tuberculosis    

Cancer   

Cancer   

Cancer    

Mania     

Angina  pectoris    

Cerebral    hemorrhage 

Accidental    

Pneumonia    , 

Endocarditis    

Cancer    

Myocarditis     

Accidental    , 

Angina   pectoris   

Hemorrhage    , 

Paralysis    

Gangrene     , 

Myocarditis   , 

Septicaemia 

Smallpox    

Heart    trouble    , 

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    

Tuberculosis    

Nephritis    

Pyemia     

Embolus     

Carcinoma     

Heart    disease    

Bright's    disease    .  . . 

Tuberculosis    

Arterio   sclerosis    . . . 
Arterio   sclerosis    .  .  . 

Carcinoma     

Heart    trouble    

Accidental    


Am't 

Paid 

>Ji0.0i) 

50.00 

.•;i)o.oo 

75.00 

300.00 

150.00 

200.00 

75.00 

25.00 

150.00 

125.00 

300.00 

300.00 

100.00 

50.00 

300.00 

50.00 

300.00 

300.00 

25.00 

300.00 

75.00 

25.00 

75.00 

75.00 

125.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

125.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

50.00 

50.00 

300.00 

50.00 

300.00 

400.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

25.00 

25.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

50.00 

75.00 

50.00 

300.00 

200.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

125.00 

200.00 


Total $41,250.00 


114  Full    beneficial    claims 

27  Semi-beneficial    claims 

81  Wife's  claims    

15  Disability    claims     .  .  . 


237 


.$28,200.00 

.      2,300.00 

5,450.00 

.      5.300.00 

$41,250.00 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


DISAPPROVED  CLAIMS  PAID  DURING  THE  MONTH  OF  JANUARY,  1922 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased 

Disabled 


5231  Edward    Mas: 

5232  Frankie   May 


on     1  Di£  1  . 
Schriever . 


5233  Daniel  DeBay    'Dis.) 

5234  Phoebe  Youmans 


5235  Sfie  Mar  Wirt. 

5236  Annie  Hefner   . 


5237  Josephine  Dekenia   . . 

5238  Kalpb.   L.    Heimbach. 
3239  Francis  Kupryes    . . . 


Z'2-i'.'    S:::'_i3.    Flossie    Eciiey. 
5241  Margaret  C.  Pitts 


5242  May    Mortimer     

5243  Edouard   Poirier    

5244  Benjamin  G.    Allan 

5245  Amanda    Wagner    . .  .  . 

524'i;  K  us:a    V.    Ailr^:-.  . 

524,  Hrr'::err    A.     Mrii-u-r.  .  . 

5248  William  P.   Donaldson. 

5249  T.   Howard  Wilcutts... 
525 'j  Katie  Bojka    

5251  William    Clease    

5252  Dan.   L.    Shnler 


Local  J  Membership  1 
Union  j  Yrs.  Vof,.  | 
'      70 


Cause  of  Disap- 
proval 


81 


151 

208 
246 

297 

624 

643 

785 

857 
859 

s>  ; 
1387 

1456 
1531 
1743 
157& 
1902 
1966 
221°-:; 


21 

4 


22 
4 


2 
3 
1 
IS 
3 
2 

6 

4 


10 
2 


3 

IO 
3 
& 
8 
S 
9 

8 

2 
10 

1 


Disability    not   due   to  accident| 

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Disability    not   due   to  accident 

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Three  months  In  arrears 

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Death    of   second   wife 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Wife  ill  when  member  was  ad- 
mitted     

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Six  months  in  arrears 

Three  months  in  arrears .... 

Three  months  in  arrears .... 

Death    of   second  wife 

Three  months  in  arrears .... 

Three  months  in  arrears .... 

Not  filed  within  six  months. 

Three  months  in  arrears .... 

Three  months  in  arrears. . . . 

Honorary  member 

Semi,  not  two  years  a  member 


Cl'B 

MM 


400 


60 
75 

50 

150 


DEATH   NOTICE 

MOORE.    JAMES    A..    L.    U.    No.    64,5.    East   Las   Vegas,   N.    M. 

FITCH.    CHARLES   B..   L.    U.   No.    645.   East  Las   Vegas..  N.  M. 

COWPEB,  JOHN  D..  L.  U.  No.  595,  Lynn,  Mass. 


Ca'.-penters'   Locar,  Union  In  Mexico 
The  accompanying  is  a  photograph   of  the  first  Carpenters'  Union  chartered 
■Piedras  Negras.  Coah,  Mexico.     L.  D.  L\o.  998  was  organized  by  C.  N.  Idar,  Gene 

Organizer  of  the  American  Federation    of  Labor.  January  20,  1922,  and  started  «. 
with  a  membership  of  58.     The  officers  of  the  Local,  reading  from  left  to  right  a 
Tomas    Villarreal,    Trustee;    Arnulff-    Rodriguez,    Trustee;    Ysaias    Ruig,    Busin 


.Agent:  Rosendo  Anchez,  Chairman  Sick  Committee:  Cosme  E>.  Cadena.  Financl 
Secretary-Treasurer:  Simon  Carreon,  President:  Adolfo  Suarez,  Recording  Sec 
tary:  Jose  Villarreal.  Conductor;  Leobardo  Navarro,  Guard.  Standing  behind  L 
bardo  Navarro  is  C.  N.  Idar.  General  Organizer  of  the  American  Federation  of  Lat) 
Standing  behind  Cosme  C.  Cadena y  is  Francisco  A.  Moreno,  national  representat 
of  the  Mexican  Reginal  Confederation  of  Labor,  who  rendered  material  aid  in  org.* 
izing  the  Local  Union. 


CorrospondQncQ 


Congratulates  Brother  Cornell 

Mor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

low   me  to  congratulate   Mr.   C.   H. 
oiell  for  his  criticism  of  replies  to  J. 
[<].  >wens  problem. 

f  course,  the  average  pupil  in  the 
itl  grade  would  know  that  "coveting 
Ion  a  horizontal  line"  is  an  absurdity 
m  about  99  per  cent  would  infer  .that 
*.her  Owens  had  inadvertently  usee1  a 
■tig  term. 

rhile  reading  Craft  Problems  in  the 
Iwjiary  number  I  was  strongly  im- 
Ised  with  the  truth  of  the  Maxim 
lent  amongst  skilled  men  in  shop  and 
■I,  viz:  "Men  that  write  books  don't 
lo  he  work  and  men  that  do  the  wrork 
lot  write  books,  and  much  that  is 
aiht  in  books  "isn't  so  a'tall." 

he  article  in  question  is,  I  think,  a 
;tiag  argument  in  favor  of  the  appren- 
ic:hip  system  instead  of  the  correa- 
tclence  school. 

Yours  fraternally, 
I  72.  A.   C.  MINOR. 


Something  To  Think  Over 

3cjOr,  "The  Carpenter" : 

ere    is    something    for    our    Journal 

may  be  of  interest  to  our  members,, 

k)|  I  think  should  be  made  an  amend- 

t  to  our  Constitution,  and  that  is  in 
felrds  to  Clearance  Cards.  I  myself 
icjag    as    Financial     Secretary,     know 

t  I  am  talking  about. 
j|VThen  a  brother  takes  a  Clearance 
3dp  and  has  his  dues  paid  for  one  or 
M  months  in  advance,  that  brother  de- 
x.ts  his  Clearance  Card  in  due  time 
u  the  Financial  Secretary  of  the  LocaL 
k  opting  same  notifies  the  Local  is- 
lig  the  Clearance  Card  that  there  is 
ill  or  two  months  dues  due  the  Local 
netting  the  Clearance  Card,  they  so> 
Jl'n  refuse  to  send  the  amount  due. 

Jow,  the  Local  issueing  the  Clearance 
D  d  has  no  right  to  that  money,  as  they 
Ptse  to  pay  per  capita  on  that  brother,, 
wile  the  Local  accepting  the  Clearance 
Cd  has  to  pay  the  per  capita,  and 
e  ier  the  brother  has  to  pay  dues  twice 
C«  that  month  or  else  the  Local  would 
he  to  lose,  also  a  great  many  Locals 


never  notify   the  Local   that  issued   the 
Clearance  Card  of  its  acceptance. 

While  we  are  organized  for  protection 
that  don't  give  a  traveling  brother  very 
much  protection  when  he  has  to  pay 
dues  twice  for  the  same  month,  and  I 
have  known  of  cases  where  a  member 
has  dropped  his  membership  rather  than 
be  bled  for  two  months'  dues  in  one. 

Trusting  you  may  give  this  item  space 
in  our  Journal,  it  may  be  the  means  of 
waking  some  of  our  Financial  Secre- 
taries and  Locals  up.  With  best  wish.es. 
I  remain, 

Fraternally  yours, 
L.  U.  No.  55. 

ROBERT  CURRIE,  F.   S. 

• 

Ladies'  Auxiliary  No.  63  Comes  To 
The    Front 

Editor,  "Tihe  Carpenter" : 

As  I  have  not  seen  anything  men- 
tioned of  Ladies'  Auxiliaries  in  "The 
Carpenter"  lately,  I  therefore  thought 
this  wrould  be  an  opportune  time  to  boost 
that  part  of  our  organization.  Our 
Auxiliary,  No.  63,  was  organized  last 
April  with  13  members  and  has  now 
grown  to  a  membership  of  52  and  ob- 
taining additional  members  at  almost 
every  meeting  who  are  doing  very  good 
work,  especially,  along  the  Label  lines. 

Only  a  short  time  ago  it  was  almost 
impossible  to  purchase:  union-made  goods 
in  our  city,  but  now  we  can  go  out  and 
procure  almost  anything  from  a  collar 
botton  up. 

On  Labor  Day  we  held  a  joint  Labor 
Day  picnic  at  Lily  Lake  Park,  the  first 
one  in  a  number  of  years,  and  its  suc- 
cess was  due  largely  to  the  efforts  of 
the  Auxiliary  which  I  can  truly  say  that 
our  ladies  are  some  hustlers.  A  short 
time  ago  a  sewing  circle  was  organized 
for  the  purpose  of  holding  a  bazaar, 
which  was  held  recently  in  the  District 
Council  Hall  with  a  net  profit  of  over 
$200,  and  its  success  was  due  to  the 
able  leadership  of  Mrs.  Haeber  Edelman, 
Chairman  of  the  Bazaar  Committee. 

Yours  fraternally, 
G.  O.  T.   SKINNER,  Rec.  Sec,  D.  C.  of 
Atlantic  County,  N.  J. 


Casual  Comment 


With  every  member  working  in  the 
interest  of  his  organization  it  shouldn't 
be  a  hard  matter  to  reach  500,000. 

*  *      * 

Now  is  the  time  to  show  the  "open- 
shop"  advocates  what  unionism  means 
by  doing  our  utmost  to  get  new  mem- 
bers. 

*  *      * 

Now  that  the  wheat  gambler  has  been 
relegated  to  the  museum  of  economic 
atrocities  by  the  Capper-Tincher  Anti- 
Grain  Gambling  Bill,  which  went  into 
effect  in  December  last,  the  path  is 
blazed  for  the  elimination  of  those  para- 
sites who  "market"  the  farmers'  other 
crops  by  the  same  method. 

*  *      * 
"Unorganized  labor  has  been  the  chief 

sufferers  in  the  wage  cutting."  That 
statement  appears  in  a  survey  of  the 
living  cost  situation,  dealing  with  wages 
and  prices.  Some  people  will  never 
learn. 

*  *      * 

Too  much  activity  in  the  "open  shop" 
program  of  the  past  year  has  caused 
many  closed  shops  in  the  United  States. 

#  3>  * 

The  real  threat  of  the  submarine  is 
less  against  merchant  vessels  than 
again  a  nation's  food  supply  and  it  is 
hard  to  understand  why  it  is  much  more 
damnable  to  starve  an  enemy  people  by 
submarine  warfare  than  by  the  old-fash- 
ioned blockade.  Mankind's  job  is  to  end 
wrar,  not  to  try  to  civilize  it. 

*  *      * 

If  the  operators  still  continue  obdur- 
ate, they  have  no  possible  claim  upon 
the  sympathy  of  the  country — but  the 
country,  except  when  the  miners  riot  or 
march  as  an  army,  seems  to  forget  all 
about  West  Virginia. 

Coal  is  high,  the  bottom  has  fallen  out 
of  the  corn  market,  and  the  farmer, 
having  corn  to  burn,  is  burning  it.  Hard 
coal  is  the  one  important  commodity 
which  did  not  drop  a  cent  in  price  in  the 
depression  period,  but  has  actually  in- 
creased steadily. 

*  *      * 

We  wonder  why  the  "kept  press" 
didn't  tell  the  true  story  relative  to  the 
"merger?"    of   the    Ft.    Dearborn,    Con- 


tinental and  Commercial  National  Banks 
of  Chicago? 

*  *      * 

It  now  seems  that  the  Armour  bank 
took  over  the  Swift  bank  to  prevent  so 
great  a  public  scandal  that  the  facts 
would  come  out  and  reveal  the  condition 
of  the  meat  packing  industry. 

*  *      * 

Henry  Ford  raised  railroad  wages  and 
reduced  railroad  rates.  The  old  style, 
dyed-in-the-wool  railroad  sandbaggers 
reduced  railroad  wages  and  raised  rail- 
road rates.  Henry  Ford  absolutely  re- 
versed the  gears. 

*  *      * 

"Service  to  the  public"  does  not  apply 
to  capitalists  who  close  their  plants  and 
bring  suffering  to  a  community  or  to 
monopolists  who  seize  natural  resources. 

Editors  and  other  "molders  of  public 
opinion"  who  thunder  at  Organized  La- 
bor because  of  irregularities  within  its 
ranks,  ignore  the  public  statement  by 
Samuel  Untermeyer,  counsel  to  the 
Lockwood  Committee. 

"If  the  criminal  combination  of  em- 
ployers that  are  still  being  sheltered  un- 
der the  roof  of  the  Building  Trades  Em- 
ployers' Association  were  one-half  a; 
amendable  to  reason  and  argument  a; 
the  officials  of  the  unions  have  prover 
to  be,  the  abuses,  extortion  and  crimina 
conspiracies  that  have  not  yet  disap 
peared  from  the  building  trades  woulc 
soon  be  ended." 

Capital  is  against  collective  bargain- 
ing as  a  principle  and  a  practice  for  tht 
workers.     They  are  a  unit  in  its  use  iif 
every   angle   of   their  business   relation; 
with  each  other. 

*  #      * 

The  strike  in  all  its  phases  has  beei 
discussed  by  all  sections  of  the  people 
The  effectiveness  of  the  strike  has  beei 
questioned.  The  right  to  strike  has  beei 
challenged.  But  there  is  one  thin; 
which  the  strike  has  done.  It  has  bee' 
of  great  service  to  labor ;  because  it  ha 
educated  and  enlightened  public  opinion 

If  wage  slashing  keeps  up  we'll  sooi 
have  another  army  of  dollar-a-year  men 


THE     CARPENTER 


43 


Foreign   Labor  Notes 

The  miners   in   the   Asturian    (Spain) 
strict,  who  had  been  on  strike,  resumed 

ork. 

*  *     • 

At  Piedmont,  Italy,  cost  of  living  is 
creasing  and  the  local  prefect  is  ask- 
g  industries  to  make  bonuses  to  labor 
order  to  meet  it.  The  working  day- 
nine  hours  and  the  Saturday  half- 
jliday  is  abolished. 

*  *      * 

i  At  a  conference  called  by  the  Lord 
iayor  in  Dublin,  Ireland,  the  engineers' 
rike  in  force  for  several  months  was 
■ttled  by  the  men  accepting  six  shill- 
'.gs  less  on  their  weekly  wage.  This 
rike  involved  a  number  of  interdepen- 
?nt  trades. 


Information    Wanted 

P.  J.  Van  Loan,  member  of  Local  5S3, 
ist  heard  from  in  San  Francisco,  Calif., 

November,  1921.  Wife  is  ill,  has  six 
lildren  to  look  after  and  no  means  of 
lpport.  Anyone  knowing  of  his  where- 
bouts  will  communicate  with  Lee  How- 
rd,  F.  S.,  Local  5S3,  1547  Fiske  St., 
ortland,   Ore. 

*      *      * 

Accompanying  photograph  of  Dick 
iieft,  who  was  last  heard  of  in  the  fol- 
>wing     places:       Minneapolis,      Minn., 


luron  and  Kansas.  Any  one  knowing 
f  his  whereabouts  kindly  address  John 
jlkers,  206^  Main  St.,  Houston,  Tex. 


THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRIEND 


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get  our  circular  prices.     Sold  on  30  day  trial. 

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Craft  Probloms 


Home  Building 

(By  Dwight  L.  Stoddard. ) 


Duplex — I  show  here  a  double  duplex, 
though  instead  of  being  along  side  of 
each  other,  one  is  above  the  other  and 
both  families  have  all  i.he  advantages  of 


Twin  house  is  practically  both  double 
and  duplex  and  any  carpenter  with  en- 
ergy could  soon  get  hold  of  a  lot,  borrow 
the  money  and  build  a  home  like  this  as 


TWIN     HOUSE- 


FIRST  FLOOR 


□ 


light  and  air  on  all  sides.  In  my  opinion 
a  fine  style  for  any  one  to  build.  I  .see 
more  and  more  how  nice  a  real  sun  room 
would  be,  in  fact  if  I  ever  build  another 
home  for  myself  the  sun  room  will  be  the 
first  thing  I  will  consider,  so  here  I  have 
just  suggested  one  on  the  side,  it  could 
be  added  later,  and  if  you  had  a  renter 
up  stairs  who  desired  it,  you  could  build 
it  two  stories,  however,  I  leave  that  and 
the  porches  to  be  planned  as  desired. 

Second    floor    is    almost    a     complete 
duplicate  of  the  first  and  if  one  built  the 


\ 


L 


-3333ES-; 


far  back  as  he  desired.  I  only  suggest 
the  front  part,  all  the  carpenter  would 
need  would  be  his  skill  and  nerve  and 
in  a  very  few  years  the  three  renters 
would  more  than  pay  for  his  entire 
home. 


"porches  two  stories  there  would  be  prac- 
cically  no  difference. 


Second   floor  is   a  duplicate,   only  th< 


THE     CARPENTER 


45 


stairs  at  top  and  bottom  are  at  different 
ends. 


FLAT       '.     or 


APARTMENT 
FIRST  FLOOR 


k- 


-siEDes-si, 


Flat  or  Apartment — I  show  here  the 
first,  second  and  third  floors  front  which 
could  be  carried  back  as  far  as  required 


"Full  Length  Roof  Framer" 

Is  a  book  to  save  the  time  unci  brains  of  the  ex- 
perts and  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  un- 
experienced. 

It  is  a  book  containing  230.400  different  sized  and 
pitched  roofs.  Each  roof  Is  worked  out  complete,  with 
the  length  of  every  rafter  in  feet  and  inches  and  their 
bevels   for   the   steel   square. 

If  your  roof  is  pitched  it  is  in  this  book,  no  matter 
what  size  or  pilcb. 

You  can  call  off  the  lengths  and  bevels  for  every 
rafter,  for  any  pitched  roc.f  as  fast  as  the  size  of 
building  is   given. 

Experience   or   study    unnecessary. 

We  will  prove  these  remarkable  statements  to  any 
ambitious  carpenter. 

Send  no  money  until  you  receive  the  book.  If  at 
any  time  you  wish  to  return  bonk,  your  money  will  be 
returned   immediately. 

Three  years  advertising  in  this  magazine  without  a 
single  complaint  Is  our  recommendation.     Price  $1.25. 

A.  Riechers,  Publisher 

Palo  Alto,  California 


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46 


THE     CARPENTER 


with,  as  many  rooms  as  would  be  wanted      changed   on   all   the   floors,    except   this 
in  each  apartment.  one.  and  the  reason  this  one  is  different 

z--~  Z--  "AnTWE'.T     ''  f\'===        T  '         H  T      =  " 


1 


H 


O 


\ 


m^i 


!=    —    A 


L, 


frc 


the  rest  of  the 


»  so  one  can  walk  out 
r  these  stairs  or  fowl 

lie  same  door.     All 
/  the  center  would  be 
nd  platform  a:  each  corner, 
k  around  from  second  floor 
I  consider  this  an  ideal  flat 


Corner  Apartment — I  present  here  a 
plan.  I  think,  is  worthy  of  more  than  a 
passing  glance.     I  only  show  one  floor, 

for  it  eculd  go  as  high,  as  desired,  trac-  plan  and  bulb 
tically  without  a  change,  except  in  the  know  all  ear:- 
direction  one  walked  towards  the  back      to  build  a  hoi 

stairs.      However,    :he    steps    would    be      ness.  yet  I  est 


so  as  to 
to  the  X'._ 
home. 

Planing  ani  Building  :-.  Home — After 
suggesting  the  different  styles  of  homes 
I  will  now  show  something  of  how  to 
plan  and  build  the  home.  Of  course.  I 
know  all  carpenters  know  all  about  how 
to  build  a  home,  for  that  is  their  busi- 
there  are  a  few  things 


■       '     ._~~ 


r— "~ 


£=E        V 


;■'  .      .:- 


J ;-:    :  --_:: :. 


THE    CARPENTER 


47 


hat  the   yonger  ones   can   learn   and   I 
lave  no  doubt  some  of  the  older  ones 
jave  forgotten  a  few  things. 
Foundation — Note   the  measurements, 


the  front  is  a  story  and  a  half  while  the 
the  front  part  and  the  studding  going  up 
the  full  height,  each  story  is  raised  sep- 
arately, stopping  at  the  plate,  which  may 


vork  to  them,  for  we  must  have  a  good 
'loundation  to  build  on. 

First  and  Second  Floor  Plans — Study 
hem  well,   see  how  you  like  them  and 
bicture  in  your  mind  just  how  they  will 
ook  when  completed. 

i  First  and  Second  Floor  Joist — All  in 
Dlace,  note  where  they  are  doubled  and 
low  the  headers  are  put  in. 

Roof — See  the  rafters  all  in  their 
proper  places? 

Skeleton  Frame — This  shows  the 
louse  raised  and  you  can  now  see  what 
perhaps  you  did  not  know  before  that 
';he  back  part,  or  kitten,  is  one  story, 


be  single,  when  each  stud  is  exactly  over 
each  other  as  illustrated,  though  seldom 


gi  "        iSwgzrl    "f^l^ 
do  I  use  a  single  plate,  I  always  like  to 
double  them,   and  you  can  see   by   the 

FRONT    %  ELEVATION 


center  is  full  two  story.  I  planned  this 
fcjnd  of  a  house  to  show  how  to  construct 
-he  different  styles.     Note  the  ribbon  in 


-fengpcs-ff 


sections  giving  the  heights  that  the 
plates  are  doubled.  Note  opening  head- 
ers and  all  the  construction. 


L 


48 


THE    CARPENTER 


Front  Elevation — Almost  shows  a 
complete  picture  and  the  exact  position 
of  the  lumber  on  the  house. 

Side  Elevation — This  is  the  kind  of  a 
drawing  the  carpenter  has  to  work  from, 
and  is  simply  an  outline.  Seldom  do  we 
have  them  any  other  way. 

Perspective  properly  taken  from  the 
plan  and  elevation  shows  the  house  as  it 
would  be  seen  after  it  is  completed. 


Good  Construction — This  was  not  in- 
tended to  particularly  show  any  part  of 
the  house  shown  previously.  Any  house 
built  properly  should  show  common  win- 
dow openings  fairly  large,  with  truss 
crippled  above.  All  the  joists  and  crip- 
ples are  spaced  exactly  16  in.  apart  all 
over  the  building. 


!    11    P 
S    1 

i  n  n  n  .r ■  ir  n  n  .n  n.  n  n  n 

I    1    1    S    IS    I    I    1    !    I    1    1 

1    I 

I^KITTHk; 

1!     II     II     II     II     II 

III   1   1 

II     II     II     .11     II     . 

GOOD  CONSTRUCTION. 


Elevation  Of  Window  —  Shows  the 
window  complete  both  face  and  side 
view.     Shows  the  house  sided  up,     Note 


how  it  lines  up  at  top  and  bottom  of 
window.  A  few  good  ways  to  side  a 
house  is  to  space  up  one  window  and 
then  lay  out  a  stick  and  mark  up  every 
opening  and  that  way  the  siding  goes  ort 
easily  rapidly  and  correctly.  I  also  show 
window  for  stone  building  which  you 
will  note  is  very  much  like  window  foiJ 
brick   building. 

Detail  Of  Stair  —  This  illustration 
shows  it  just  commenced  as  well  as  en- 
tirely completed.  The  larger  detail 
shows  both  face  and  end  view  while 
most   architectural   drawings   are  drawn 


much  larger  and  sometimes  full  size,  but 
I  believe  this  little  drawing  even  after  it 
is     reduced     by     the     engraver    will    be 


MY  NEWEL  POST 


THE    CARPENTER 


49 


printed  large  enough  so  one  can  quite 
plainly  see  how  the  stairs  were  intended 
to  be  constructed, 

Newel  Post — In  my  own  home  I  con- 
structed one  very  much  like  the  one 
shown  here  in  the  stairs,  and  while  it 
may  look  like  a  clumsy  affair  in  reality 
it  looks  quite  well  as  it  stands  in  my 
front  hall  and  harmonizes  with  its  sur- 
roundings. 

Detail  Of  Mantel — Shows  the  mantel 
I  built  in  my  house  and  stands  by 
W 


the  fireplace  in  the  front  room  next  to 
the  front  hall.  The  front  hall  stair  new- 
el and  all  are  built  with  plain  oak  while 
the  front  room  finish,  mantel  and  all, 
are  finished  with  quartered  oak.  As  I 
got  plenty  of  lumber  and  cut  it  out  and 
matched  it  up  you  can  believe  me,  not 
only  the  mantel  but  the  entire  room  is 
pleasing  to  the  eye.  Care  of  arranging 
each  piece  adds  much  to  the  appearance 
of  the  room. 

Inside  Finish — I  try  to  show  here  the 
general  appearance,   note   the  base   and 


For  Stair  and  Angle  work,  Phare's  Hex.  Square  Guides. 

65c  a  pair:  Recommended  by  Craft  expert  Bro.  Stod- 
dard. Also  Phare's  feath- 
er-weight lilt  Cage.  25c. 
85  cents  will  bring  you 
both  tools,  same  order, 
postpaid.  Money  order.  TJ. 
S.   post  stamps,   or  coin. 

BEACON  MFG.  CO.,  Station  B,  Cleveland.  Ohio. 

Canada:  Moses  Kdw.,  492  Yonge  St.,  Toronto,  Ont.    Add  Customs 


base  blocks,  window  steel  and  apron  at 
the  bottom  and  at  the  top  how  the  heads 
all  line  up,  and  the  complete  finish  that 


the  picture  mold  makes,  though  I  will 
admit  today  there  is  not  near  as  much 
of  that  used  as  there  used  to  be. 

Doors — Showing  styles  enough  to 
complete  the  house,  though  of  course,  the 
styles  of  doors  for  all  purposes,  like  any- 
thing else,  are  numerous.  I  give  a  few 
styles  of  finish. 

Corner  Block  Casing — Is  a  style  that 
was  used  a  great  deal  for  a  good  many 
years. 

Common  Band  Casing — Was  used  to 
some  extent  and  I  suppose  always  will 
be.     It  makes  a  neat  finished  job. 

Cap  Casing — Is  not  only  a  cap-head 
but  a  cap  as  well.      At  the  top  of  the 


C»>s 

5" 

\orv 

1                    1 

1                   1 

I                    1 

1                    1 

SECOND  FLOOR  COOR     ' 

,                1 

1                             1 

1                             1 

I 

1                             1 

BEAR  OOOP 

! 

i 

c    u 

< 

j 

i 

i 

! 

c     n 

^ 

J 

J 

C      3 

FRONT  DOOH 

50 


THE     CARPENTER 


side  casings  it  makes  a  rather  pleasing 
appearance  and  is  very  easily  put  up. 


CORNER  BLOCK  CASING 


CUTE  CUT  CASING 


CURIOUS  CARVED  CASING 


Cut  Out  Casing — I  finished  a  big  hotel 
as  well  as  many  other  jobs  with  casing 
much  like  I  have  illustrated  here,  but  the 
reason  I  happened  to  give  it  the  name  I 


EsssssBg 


1 

1 

did  was  occasionally  I  have  been  called 
upon  to  get  out  some  entirely  by  hand 
and  not  having  a  very  good  place  to  do 
the  work,  it  was  quite  a  little  job  to  cut 
them  out. 

Curious  Carved  Casing — The  only 
curious  thing  about  it  is  that  instead  of 
being  carved  out  it  is  simply  pressed  into 
its  beautiful  form  and  it  makes  a  fine 
finish  for  a  head  casing.  It  is  quite  plain 
and  yet  ornamental. 

Plan  of  Mullions — These  show  the 
plan,  or  end  view,  as  well  as  the  different 
methods  of  construction. 

Stone  Basement  Window — While  I  do 
not  suppose  you  will  ever  have  .this  in 
your  home,  and  the  carpenter  may  never 
come  in  contact  with  it  very  much  as 


the  day  of  stone  house  construction  may 
be  passing  away  never  to  return,  yet 
I  do  not  believe  this  is  entirely  out  of 
place  and  I  believe  some  of  the  best  car- 
penters can  see  some  merit  in  it.  I  con- 
sider it  good  arrangement  and  good  ar- 
rangement is  good  to  study. 

It  should  be  the  effort  of  every  car- 
penter to  build  his  own  home  and  there 
is  no  doubt  if  many  of  them  built  homes 
to  sell  to  others  they  would  be  better  ofl 
than  to  only  build  for  contractors. 


mt 


PLAN  0FWIND0WS   FOR  WOOD  BUI  LDI  N  GS 
aNDFOf\    8F^!C^ 


PLAN  2FMULLI2NS 


|*]tTHSD?F  HANGING 
WH6HTiNtfARR?W 
MULLI9N 


ftmuwvw 


THE    CARPENTER 


51 


We  carpenters  have  the  ability,  if  Ave 
only  had  the  nerve,  to  not  only  be  much 
more  independent  and  better  off,  but  be 
nine  to  do  more  for  our  fellow  man  at 
the  same  time.  For  one  to  spend  his 
whole  life  for  the  benefit  of  the  contrac- 
tor only  is  not  always  to  spend  one's  life 
for  the  greatest  good  possibly  to  man- 
kind. The  contractor  looks  out  just  a 
bit  for  himself  at  all  times. 


927(30.45  nearly 
9 


Answers  To  the  Grindstone  Problem 

Regarding  Brother  .  Marker's  grind- 
stone problem,  I  give  here  a  solution;  if 
any  brother  knows  of  a  more  simple  one 
I  would  like  to  know  about  it. 


'■€3gEE3-6i 


The  area  of  the  stone  before      Sq.  In. 

use. is 2827.44 

The  area  of  the  stone  after  use 

is    28.2744 


The  portion  removed 2729.1656 

Divided  by  4  gives  the  amount 

removed  by  each  man.  .  .    699.7414 
Consider  the  diameter  C  C  of  circle  B. 

Sq.   In. 

Area  of  A 28.2744 

Area  of  B 699.7914 


728.0658 


Problem — To  find  the  diameter  of  a 
circle  when  the  area  is  given. 

Rule — Divide  the  area  by  .7854  and 
extract  the  square  root. 

.7S54)  728.0658  (927 
70686 


21205 

1570S 

54978 
54978 

The  squa.c  root  of  927 


604)  2700 
2416 


6085)   28400 

Diametes  C  C  is  30  ^  in.  nearly  when 
the  fourth  man  started  work. 

Now  consider  the  diameter  C  C  of 
circle  C. 

Area  of  circle  A  and  B,  leaving  out 
decimals. 

Area  of  C     700 

728  sq.  in. 

1428 

Apply  the  same  rule  as  before  and  we 
get  42.64  in.,  nearly.  The  diameter  C 
C  is  a  bit  over  42^  in.  Likewise  with 
the  diameter  d  d  of  circle  D  you  will  find 
it  about  52  in. 

To  sum  up,  the  first  man  wears  4  in. 
off  the  stone,   the  second  man,   4%    in., 
the  third,  6 14  in.  and  the  fourth  12  in. 
GEO.   A.   TURNER. 
L.  U.  No.  806.  Pacific  Grove,  Cal. 

*  *      * 

In  reply  to  question  of  Bernard  Mark- 
er, L.  U.  No.  894,  N.  Cobalt,  Ont,  Can., 
in  January  issue  of  "The  Carpenter." 

Inches 
of 

Diam. 

First  man  wore  off 7.927 

Second  man  wore  off '    9.405 

Third  man  wore  off 12.192 

Fourth  man  wore  off 24.446 

Remaining 6.000 

Total 60.000 

Fraternally  yours, 

S.   L.    SCHEFFY. 
L.  U.  No.  368.  Allentown,  Pa. 

*  *      * 

Herewith  find  answers  to  questions  of 
Bro.  Bernard  Marker,  as  to  the  loads  for 
spruce  girder. 

Loads  for  spruce  girder  S  in.  square, 
and  span  of  15  feet  between  supports: 

Lbs. 

Safe  dead  load,   not  over 3,000 

Safe  working  load  uniformily  dis- 
tributed        2.550 

Safe  load  concentrated  at  center..    1.270 
Yours  fraternally 

A.  E.  BEECHEY 
L.  U.  No.  63.  Bloomington,   111, 


52 


THE    CARPENTER 


Another  Problem 

In  view  of  the  interest  taken  in  Broth- 
er McGrath's  triangle,  published  under 
the  head  of  "'Craft  Problems,"  I  would 
like  to  present  a  similar  problem,  that 
was  published  in  a  trade  journal  during 
the  early  eighties.  The  requirement  is, 
to  find  the  board  measure  in  a  timber 
stick  that  is  12  ft.  long,  and  IS  in. 
square  on  one  end,  and  6  in.  square  on 
the  other. 

Fraternally  yours. 
L.  U.  No.  115.  HENRY  MeDONALD. 


A  Trap  Nest 

Mr.  President,  may  I  have  the  floor? 

Chorus  :     Sit  down  !      Throw  him  out ! 

The  Chair:  If  the  brother  will  refrain 
from  talking  about  roof  framing  he  may 
proceed.  Mr.  President,  we  want  to  talk 
about  chickens. 

The  Chair:  Go  as  far  as  you  like  on 
that  subject. 

Some  time  back  we  got  an  idea  into 
our  head  that  our  chickens  were  not 
giving  ample  returns  for  the  high  priced 


A/esr 


B 


fl B- 


feed  we  supplied  and  the  conclusion  we 
arrived  at  was.  some  of  the  chickens 
were  "laying  down  on  the  job."  We 
get  that  term  from  our  boss.  As  several 
thousand  of  my  brothers  have  a  little 
back  yard  industry  for  supplying  eggs 
for  the  family  it  is  necessary  that  the 
non-layers  or  idlers  be  put  in  the  soup 
as  soon  as  possible. 

We   became   convinced   that    the    trap 
nest  was  the  great  detector  and  accord- 


ingly sent  our  good  money  for  a  set  of 
plans  to  build  from.  We  swiped  some 
glass  boxes  from  a  union  painter  and 
built  exactly  from  that  plan  to  a  gnats 
heel,  and  there  was  great  rejoicing  at 
our  home  when  we  installed  that  effici- 
ency expert  in  our  poultry  house.  Well, 
that  contraption  scared  every  hen  so 
badly  that  the  whole  compudilum  went 
on  strike  and  we  spent  our  time  catching 
them  and  slipping  them  into  the  trap 
nest  and  throwing  them  out  again,  but 
it  was  no  use,  the  fellow  that  took  my 
money  was  an  unmitigated  liar,  why, 
even  a  hen  that  wanted  to  lay  and  could 
not  help  it.  would  not  lay  in  that  box. 

We  cussed  that  box,  its  inventor,  the 
painter  we  stole  the  lumber  from,  and 
sassed  our  wife,  but  a  nest  box  we  must 
have  if  it  took  the  hair  off,  so  we  began 
the  dreamers  stunt,  and  aided  by  a 
couple  of  shots  of  old  Lancaster,  we  in- 
vented a  trap  nest  that  tempted  the 
old  rooster  to  make  a  try  at  laying. 

The  chicken  cranks  in  our  ranks  will 
find  it  profitable  to  use  this  nest,  for  by 


placing  a  leg  band  on  each  hen  you  wiL 
be  able  to  make  a  record  of  her  output. 

Make  them  for  your  own  use.  makt 
them  to  sell  if  you  wish,  there  will  be 
no  infringment. 

The  hinged  top  is  slatted  with  spac 
left  wide  enough  for  the  hen  to  run 
head     and     neck     through,     release 
through   this    door   and   note   number 
leg  band,  place  same  number  on  the  ej 
giving  that  number  credit  on  the  rec< 

The  results  are  surprising,  some  nei 
lay,  some  will  produce  a  few,  others 
steadily   for  long  periods. 


Give  th 
best  layers 


s  setting  hens  eggs  from  yot 
only. 


THE     CARPENTER 


53 


you  don't  get  this  trap  nest  infor- 
,i  on  let  me  know  and  we  will  prefer 
t  ges  against  Duffy,  "by  heck." 

g#  A. — Floor  plan  showing  box  sides 
n  tilt  board. 

;g.  B — Top,  showing  hinged  release 

[g.  C — Open  for  business. 

ig.  D — Trapped. 

ake  in  sizes  to  suit  the  breed. 

all  pivot  strip  to  tilt  board,  ends  of 
i  i  strip  project  through  sides  of  box. 
,. '.  No.  29.  R.  H. 


Brothers,  Take  Notice 

he  Wyoming  Valley  District  Council 
a  had  a  prosperous  summer  and  fall 
1  ae  building  line,  and  we  were  obliged 
>  all  upon  our  sister  Local  Unions  to 
s-;t  us  in  furnishing  the  carpenters 
y  the  contractors.  The  forty-seven 
,  ses  built  by  the  Chamber  of  Coni- 
i,ce  with  all  tradesmen  carrying  union 
bIs  are  completed,  other  jobs  in  the  dis- 
Ifc,  shut  down  on  account  of  the  cold 
jfther,  have  caused  a  large  number 
f.'ur  members  to  walk  the  streets  and 
;  rill  be  impossible  to  place  them  to 
Ik  until  about  the  last  of  March.  We 
i  glad  that  we  had  the  opportunity  to 
*st  our  fellow  brothers  who  came  to 
i  district  last  summer  and  trust  that 
I  may  be  placed  in  that  position  this 
( .ing  summer.  We  advise  any  brother 
,'!)  is  thinking  of  leaving  his  home 
:  n  to  come  to  our  district  to  commu- 
:ite  with  us  before  he  leaves,  and  we 
i.  be  glad  to  furnish  him  with  the  true 
('ditions  of  the  district, 
'rusting  that  our  request  will  be  com- 
6.  with,  for  the  best  interest  of  the 
thers  and  the  Wyoming  Valley  Dis- 
it  Council. 

R.   M.   WILLIAMS, 
» retary- Treasurer,     Wyoming     Valley 
District     Council 


Carpenters  Feast 

The  annual  supper  of  West  Chester, 
.  Local  Union  of  Carpenters,  No. 
>4.  was  held  recently  in  the  lodge 
ins  on  the  third  floor  of  the  Thomp- 
|  Bldg.,  on  North  High  St.,  when  there 
s  a  good  turnout  of  the  officers  and 
mbers,  who  had  a  jolly  time,  the  af- 
C  being  for  "men  only." 
The  regular  semi-annual  business 
eting  was  held  early  in  the  evening, 
en  besides  the  usual  business,  one 
•v    member    was    elected.      Then    fol- 


lowed the  feasting,  there  being  an 
abundance  of  fried  oysters  and  other 
good  things  to  eat,  with  ice  cream, 
home-made  cakes,  etc.,  followed  by 
cigars. 

A  merry  time  was  enjoyed  in  story 
and  song  until  after  ten  o'clock.  The 
officers  of  West  Chester  Union  are: 
President.  William  Ford;  Recording  Sec- 
retary, Wilfred  G.  Priest;  Financial  Sec- 
retary, Edward  Thompson ;  Treasurer, 
Joel  Martin.  The  union  has  a  member- 
ship of  over  sixty  and  is  in  a  flourishing 
condition. 


Carpenters   Have  Well  Attended  Organ- 
ization Meeting 

A  well  attended  meeting  was  held  in 
the  Carpenters'  Hall,  in  Detroit,  Mich., 
recently  for  stimulating  organization 
among  the  carpenters.  The  size  of  the 
crowd  indicated  that  the  carpenters  are 
taking  a  considerable  interest  in  organ- 
ization and  good  results  are  expected. 

The  meeting  was  addressed  by  a 
number  of  speakers,  including  O.  E. 
Woodbury,  International  Organizer  of 
the  Carpenters'  Union;  E.  W.  Secord, 
president  of  the  Michigan  State  Council 
of  Carpenters ;  John  J.  Scannell,  secre- 
tary of  the  Michigan  Federation  of  La- 
bor, and  Charles  Lewis,  International 
Organizer  of  the  Carpenters  connected 
with  the  box  making  industry.  Frank 
X.  Mart  el,  Business  Representative  of 
the  Detroit  Federation  of  Labor,  spoke 
also,  having- left  the  Federation  meeting 
long  enough  to  speak  to  the  audience. 

This  meeting  was  the  first  of  a  series 
of  gatherings  that  will  be  held  to  organ- 
ize carpenters.  More  are  to  follow.  It 
appears  from  the  activity  of  the  Carpen- 
ters and  other  unions  of  Detroit  that  this 
will  be  a  banner  year  for  organization 
in  the  city.  The  Carpenters  request 
that  all  their  friends  assist  in  creating 
interest  in  these  meetings  for  organiza- 
tion purposes.  Many  more  meetings, 
both  "open"  and  "closed,"  are  to  be  held 
in  the  near  future  to  reach  the  workers 
of  the  city  and  build  up  the  organiza- 
tion. 


Idle  workers  in  Great  Britain,  accord- 
ing to  governmental  statisticians,  at  end 
of  week  of  December  17,  are  numbered 
at  1,722,S00,  an  increase  of  111,000 
over  the  previous  week.  Short- time 
workers  are  estimated  at  250.000,  a 
lower  figure  than  the  previous  week. 


SAVE  MONEY! 

HERE    IS    YOUR    OPPORTUNITY 

You  will  need  Drawing  Instruments 
to  draw  your  plans  correctly. 


4* 


BUILDING  TRAM 

K 


I.CS. 

BTHLDING  TRADES' 
;       HiNt)BOOK. 


Contents  of  Outfit 

1   Set  Drawing  Instruments. 

Drawing  Board,  1Sx24  in. 

Tee  Square,  24  in.  long. 

Curve. 

Triangular  Scale,  12  in. 

6  sheets  Drawing  Paper,  16x21  in. 

1  Bottle  Drawing  Ink,  black. 

1  Pencil. 

Thumb  Tacks,  Eraser. 

PACKED  IN  CORRUGATED  BOX 

for  shipment  $5.75 

THE  FREDERICK  POST  CO. 

Manufacturers 
Factory:  CHICAGO 

3635  N.  Hamlin  Av.,  P.  0.  Box  803. 


409  PAGES.     263  ILLUSTRATIONS 

A    reference    book   for   every   man    con- 
nected with  the  building  trades.   Contents:— 
Blue  P.rinLs,  Weights  and  Measures, 
Formulae,       Mensuration,      Geometric 
Drawing,      Structural      Design,     Ma- 
terials     of      Masonry      Construction 
(stone,      brick,      terra      cotta,     lime, 
cements,     sand,     mortar,     concrete), 
Carpentry  and  Joinery,  Roofing,  Steel 
Square,  Plumbing,  Heating,  Estimat- 
ing, Architectural  Design,  etc. 
Thousands    sold.      Complete — practical— 
■   thorough.    Easy  to  understand.    Pocket  size. 
Just  tear  out  this  advertisement  and  mail 
it  with   a    dollar   bill   and   your  name  and 
address  to  the  IpternationalCorresponder.ee 
Schools,    Box    8836,    Scranton,    Penna.,   and 
this    409-page    Building    Trades'    Handbook 
will  come  speeding  to  you  by  return  mail. 
You  run  no  risk.     Money  back  if  desired. 
International  Correspondence  Schools 
Box  SSSG,  Scranton,  Penna. 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 
$5000  PER  YEAR 


Enter  a  Business  for  Yourself. 
and  Install  Weatherstrip. 

An  opportunity  for  the  established 
contractor  to  add  a  good  paying  line 
or  for  the  man  who  wants  to  get  into 
a  business  for  himself. 

During  the  past  year  many  of  our 
agents  made  fine  incomes.  In  normal 
times  they  will  make  more. 

Very  little  money  and  no  experience 
is  required  to  sell  and  install  All- 
metal  Weatherstrip.  By  our  sales 
co-operative  plan  we  help  you  to  land 
contracts. 

It  will  cost  you  nothing  to  investi- 
gate this  attractive  money  making 
field. 

Write  for  complete  information. 


ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

12  6£  W.  Kinzie  Street 
Chicago 


3    Units 
K.    L.    M. 

adaptable 

to    Any 
Kind    of    Sash 


Pullman 

UNIT   SASH   BALANCE 

With  New  Tape  Hook 

Cost  less  than  Cord  and  Weight  in- 
stallation more  durable,  neater  and 
more   quiet. 

The  new  Tape  Hook  makes  it  pos- 
sible to  fasten  or  unfasten  the  tape 
from  the  sash  while  sash  is  in  place. 
No  fussing  with  the-  stop;  no  mars 
or  scratches;  no  refinishing;  no  lost 
time,  guaranteed  for  10  years. 
Free  illustrated  catalog,  full  ofj 
Modem  Window  Operating  Informa-I 
tion,  sent  on  request. 

Pullman  Mfg.  Co. 

234  South  Avenue  Rochester,  N.  Y.; 
"PrLLilANIZE   TOin   WINDOWS" 


New 
Hook 
Tape 


'*>r*tiF' 


"  '-'■:,'"- 


his  roofing  stands 
he  blow-torch  test 

Flexstone  Shingles 
'ill  stand  up  under 
ue  severe  heat  of 
lie  blow-torch.  This 
■roves  how  thor- 
;ughly  fire-resistant 
hey  are.  They  are 
pproved  by  Under- 
.■riters'  Laborator- 
!?s,  Inc.,  in  class 
'•,  and  take  base 
ates  of  insurance. 


~ different! 

Flexstone  Sfainrfes 


The  slate-covered  Asbestos  Shingle 
at  a  popular  price 


OTHER  composition  shingles 
are  rag  felt ;  Flexstone  As- 
bestos Shingles  are  rock  fabric, 
asbestos  fibre,  all-mineral  and  time- 
proof.  They  cost  about  the  same 
as  the  ordinary  kind.  Thene 
is  nothing  in  Flexstone  Shingles 
to  support  decay,  no  vegetable  or 
animal  matter.  They  are  fire- 
resistant  and  stiff-bodied,  as  you 
expect  rock  felt  to  be,  and  good 
to  look  at  in  their  finish  of  red  or 
green    slate. 

WARNING— 

They  look  just  like  the  others 

Slate  surfacing  is  a  great  lev- 
eler  of  composition  shingles.  They 
all  look  alike  on  the  surface.  Flex- 
stone Shingles  do  not  depend  on 
the  slate  coating  for  their  roofing 
value  or  fire-safety ;  the  bodv  of 
the    shingle    takes    care    of    that — 


asbestos    fibres    waterproofed    with 
natural    asphalt. 

Low  in  price 

Flexstone  Shingles  offer  many  of 
the  merits  of  the  weil-known 
Johns  -  Manville  rigid  asbestos 
shingle  at  a  price  within  a  few 
cents  of  the  ordinary  rag  felt  shiu- 
gle.  There  is  no  longer  any  reason 
why  every  house  shouldn't  have 
an   asbestos    roof. 

Flexstone  Roll  Roofing,  too 

Flexstone  is  obtainable  in  three 
forms  —  individual  shingles,  strip 
shingles   and  in   roll   form   as   well. 

Complete  information  on  this 
popular  priced  line  sent  to  any 
dealer   on    request. 

JOHNS-MANVILLE   Inc. 

Madison  Ave.,   at   41st   St.,    New   York  City 

Branches  in  60  Large  Cities 

For    Canada : 

Canadian  Johns  -Manville  Co..  Ltd.,  Toronto 


Manville 


Asbestos  Roofing 


-OLD  teNTUCRTT- 

AGCO 


HOME- 
SPUN 


Direct  From  Oul*  Farms  to  You 

The  Cream  of  the  finest  crop  5   Kentucky's i  bountiful  soil 
can  produce— ripe,  rich  leaves— sir.  ol  th  and  me"ow— with  that 
rare  old-fashioned  flavor  and  fractal,  ce  that  only  the  proper 
"aging"  can  produce.    We  bank  on  it  you  have  never  tasted_a_ 
finer  flavored,  more  satisfying 
tobacco  in  all 
your  life. 


Ripe,  Rich,  ©Id  Fashion 


i  like 


Leaf 

ufsictured  tobacco 


Famous  Old  Kentucky  Hofnespun 
day  ia  like  nisrht— Buaranteed   free  from  chem 

carefully 

:thcid  our  erand- 

n  preparine  tobaceo  U  r  their  omu^ev^'' trace j»f  harshness 
leaves  it— nothing  to  "bite"  jrwi  •J0^?.^^™!'-!0.11.1' 


al  imperfections,  delude  \  he  sense  of  tas  \e  and  uni  lermin 
tnd  matured  in  Kentucky  's  finest  soil,  ci  It  at  the  p  roper 
selected,  ased,  mellowed,  cured  .and     "sweated^  b;  ^s^™*  ___ 

'_  .  "»utt--nottlnsto 
Mellovras  the     moonlight— I  raeranVas  t  he 


i  your    taste. 


from  the  cellar  its  rich,  fragrant 

lovera  the  world  over  swear  by  ito  i 

"For  sixteen  years  I  have  trsed.  ah 

ie  the  best  I  ever  tasted."— W^E^t 

;isfactory  in  eveyy  \rs 


Tobacco  ( 


payn 


ociation."— C.J.IietAtff,    Moniiwno,  VoU.  i„„r;».nV 

your  tobacco  i=  the  bastl    have  had  Since  IS5S  when  i  \braham  Vm com 
el  toVe?her  in  the  Suwy   South.  Tell  «U Steeld-saM  .era  about  it.  - 

Vsk 


o  and  sell 
our  ownf  en  'PS—  our  co*>p- 
xketinz  labia    ,elim,^es.."'' 
yo»7  dl  ia!  direct  with  the  groww*      *?£JSlYuBt 
Srs,    ]  Jo   fanty    pickages.  no  det  orauona—juat 


ostever^  brand2  oTihe    market  but  your. 
•es  St.  Marps,  Penn:  _.  , 

.  I  now  realize  haw  fooli  ill  have  been— 
of  the  mil  dlemen  instead  Of  bayint     &*ect   ™°m  the 
." — C .J .  Retsmff,    Montesano,  *Vas*. 
Say  men, your  ton 
and  I  Bmoked  toeeth 
John  F. Stout,  Libby,  M 

REDUCE  YOUR   ^mwrnitf       w«»Bw»«t. 
TOBACCO  BILL 

revenue  tax — all  middlen 

thereby     saving      75%     or    more.. 

Quality  and  lota  o£  it.  ^   _ 

MONEY  SAVING  PRICES 
5  lbs.  $2£8— 10  lbs.  $5.85 

(We  Pay  Ml 
Shipping  Charges) 

5  pounds  will  make  55  bifi 
Backs  of  araokine,  or  65  chewine 
or  smoking  twiata.  With  each 
order  we  send  complete  illus- 
trated instructions  Bhowine  how 
to  make  granulated  smoking, 
old-faBhion  chewine  and  amok-, 
lag  twists*  cigars,  etc* 

Send  No  Monoy 

Pay  only  when  tobacco  air  ives. 
Try  it  for  ten  days — if  it  fails 
to  please  you — if  it  doesn  t  euit 
your  taste — if  for  any  reasc  ji  you 
are  dissatisfied,  send  it  ba  ik  and 
your  money  will  be  r  yturned 
promptly  without  qui!  ;ble  or 
question.  You  risk  nothing. 
Sign  and  mail  the  coup  &n  today 
and  enjoy  the  tobacco  treat  o£ 
your  life- 


WE  PAY 

SHIPPIK'G 

CHARGE" 


TOBACCO  GROWERS  ASSOCIA 


'*       TOBACCO  GROWERS  ASS'P4 
J   Warehouse |XS         ,     ,„,,„        .     _ 

Send  me....  .TV/ponnds  of  Old  Kentucky  H03C 

5    prepaid.     I  will  pay  the  price  of  S on  a\ 

*.  a  10-DAY  TRIAL,  I  will  return  the  tobacco  and  yo 


OF  KENTUCKY, 

Mayfield,  Kentucky 

un  Tobacco  by  parcel  post 
ival.  If  not  satisfied  after 
will  refund  my  money . 


Name. 


f   Addre99 • 

Enter  below  pounds  each  grade  wai 

LSIVSOKING:  — mild  — medii 

CHEWING:  —mild  —  medli 


— strong  a 


LEARN  TO  READ  BLUE  PRINTS,  and  be  It 

foreman's  class.  The  day  of  the  unskilled  work 
passed.  A  pound  of  trains  is  worth  a  ton  of  m 
these  days.  Put  yourself  in  the  front  rank  ai 
men  that  know  how  to  take  charge  of  a  big  job. 
our  simple  method  we  train  you  quickly.  In 
spare  time.  No  drawing  or  mathematical  knowi 
necessary.  Special  courses  for  each  trade.  Writ, 
dav  for  Catalog  3.  Stating  trade,  also  Free  blue  \< 

Mechanical  and  Architects 


Drawing 


Quickly  t^Vs™  oTstVdT  ^AN"™0 
You  can  soon  Qualify  for  a  successful  drafts 
Draftsmen  earn  big  money  and  are  in  demand.' 
our  simple  and  practical  method  it  is  easy  to  1 
Requires  no  previous  education  or  training.  Boos 
tools  furnished  free.   Write  for  Catalog  G.   Do  It  t 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL    Eft! 

S^sjiBt    Dept.     iO-B,    Drcxel     Bldg.,    Phila. ,    Pa.   y 


If  you  have  pros  tat! 
order — bladder  trouble — ge> 
frequently  at  night,  there  ia  positive 
rapid  relief  for  you — without  drugs  or  main 
without  pain  or  discomfort — privately  at  home, 
free  book  tells  all.  Doctors,  Osteopaths,  Physical 
ture  directors.  Sanitarium  experts  use  and  endorse 
method.  Easily  used  by  anyone.  Very  simple.  No, 
terwhat  yon  have  tried  or  how  old  your  case. 
methods  will  bring  results  or  money  back.  _  Wri> 
<?  free  illustrated  booklet.  Do  it  now.  Relief  ia  at  1 

THE  ELECTRO  THERMAL  COMPA1 

2805   Main  Street  Steubenville,  > 


Don't  Wear  a  Tr 


BROOKS'    A 
ANCE, 

era,      scientific 


ANCE,     th<  I 

___i,  scientific  I 
tion,  the  wonder  3 
discovery  that  1 
rupture  will  be  if 
trial.  No  obdj 
springs  or  pads!] 
automatic  Air  Ctj 
Binds  and  dral 
broken  parts  I 
as  you  would  al 
limb.  '  No  salvl 
lies.  Durable,  ■ 
Sent  on  trial  tM 
it.  Protected  W>\ 
Patents.  Catall  « 
measure  blanks  MM 
free.  Send  na  « 
address  today.  ! 
C.E,  BROOKS.  252F  State  Street,  Marshall  j-Jjl 

"T"    PLUM  »«* 
LEVE     I 

Rustproof,  beinWJ 
aluminum.  Ca|e9 
ly  attached  ' 
straight  edge,  g 
adjust.  Guan :«. 
curate.  Size  JiM 
Price  $1.00  t«nj 
PIN   MANUF^Ur 

CO 
Box  1073.  Det  .  ■ 


The  Union  Label  tends  to  make  & 
unnecessary  by  making  complian  I 
union  conditions  and  advantage  • 
ness. 


Price  ST 

Wj  W»JP    Complete  Set  6i] 
—  ■     7SSm,  GENUINE 

Wksvmmmmt*.  ]!fadamj  ?  complete  set  of  genuin 
Stamped  with  the  manufacturer's  br 
s^aw/ess  aluminum— and  at  a  price /e 
nary  aluminum  ware!  It  heats  quickl- 
Off.  We,  ourselves,  had  to  charge  $2- 

30  Days  Trial-Easy  Payments 

rfrfaU^wl^us'  &?r?°f  ,$L5"°  a™0"thguntn°yoPuhaveSpafd" 

■  —      '    We  trust  honest  Pe°Ple  anywhere  in  the  United  States. 

— «i— .  i-mnnate       No  discount  for  cash; 

ISn^M611*-  S013    -35th St., Chicago      !      S^Ncfc Tf>  fn 

\  Aluminum  Kitchen  Set  No,  A6729A.  513.90.       |        Only  $1.00  with  the  cou- 
pon brings  this  2s-piece 
Lifetime  Ware"  Alum- 

' (rmm  set  on  30  days  trial. 

V  Money  refunded  if  not  sat- 

isfied. We  will  also  send  our 

••••••••••• pig  Bargain  Catalog  of  furni- 

ture.  rugs,  stoves  and  other 

Ihomef  urcushinggoods,  free. 
Straus  &Scbram 

Only  Want  CaVaVogJKw'x^Bo'iBeiow.' Dept    3013 

ineLJemb  Dr.Ws.Womea's.  Children's  Clothing      B       W.  35th  St.,  Chicago 


s'"tijietime  Ware"  Aluminum,  eac;h  utensil 
amd— heavy  gauge,  extra  hard,  pressed  sheet 
ts  than  is  asked  by  others  today  f  ov  thin  ordi- 
r„-will  not  crack,  chip  or  peel,  polish  can't  wear 
&0  for  a  set  like  this  only  a  few  months  ago* 
'  but  now  on  a  special  factory  offer  we  have 
smashed  trte  price  to.  $13.90  (on  easy  monthly 
payments),  lower  than  pre-war  prices. 

Everything  in  the  Kitchen  of  Pure  Alu- 
minum 


P-.CUD  I 


jColo 


sids 


kettle  and 

(3  pieces)  6- 

2-quart 


th  a  double  boil 
lai  assign  coffee  percolator  .^  ., 
Idea  epout,  dome  cover,  fully  pol- 
!Sting-of  9  pieces,  measures  10  1-2 
:hes  high.  These  9  pieces  have 
i,  some  shown  In  illustration.  In- 
pan  (7  pint  capacity);  stew  or 
pacity):    nudding  pan  or  mixing 


Ished;  one  roaster 
Inches  wid9  and  6  i 
.  dozens  of  different  us 
i  .luihn.tr  bread  or   bak 
]  >uddmg  pan  (7  pint  c    . 

I  Jowl  (4  pint  capacity^:  egg  poacher  (5  eggs  at  a  time)- 
I  numn  pan;  biscuit  baker  with  6  custara  cups  or  jelly 
I  noulds;  deep  locking  self-basting  roaster,  double  boiler 
<  :ereal  cooker  or  triple  steamer.  The  outfit  alsf  includes 
pans,  1  lip  stew  pan  (I  quart  capacity),  1  lip 
1  '-2  quart  capacity).  Two  9-Inch  pie  plates; 
xtra  deep  cake  pans:  one  colander  with 
eh  bottom  and  2  1-4  Inch  depth  (can 
also  be  used  as  a  steamer).  5-pieee  combination  set. 
having  12  different  uses  as  shown  In  Illustration,  con- 
sists of  6 1  quart  convex  kettle  with  cover.  2  quart  cake 
and  pudding  pan  with  cake  tube;  strainer  or  colander 
S^'p^s  weight  about  L5  lbs-  A"  P'ece?  rexcept  the" 
pie  plates  and  bread  Dans)  are  hlehly  polished. 
made  of  genuine  pure  sheet  aluminum,  extra  hard! 
absolutely  guaranteed  the  iamous"LifetimeWare.'> 
Order  by  No.  AC72»a.  Sand  $1.00  with  orcTer. 
$1.50  monthly:    Price,  28  pieces,  $13.90. 


I  itew  pan  (1  1 
Sinch  top,  6  1-8  Tn 


SKAT 


HAND  SOAP 

Let  Us  Send  You  a  Sample 
FREE 


WHITE  TO 

The  SKAT  Company 
Hartford,  Conn.       S2 


iiiiiEi 

25c  Brings  Big  3  Ft.Telescqge 

View  objects  mile3  away  just  like  they  wei 
close.     Watch  people  at  a  distance.    See 
Moon  and  Stars  as  you  never  did  before, 
Wonder  Telescope  opens  over  3  ft.  f 
sections,  closed  measures  12  inches 
Brass  bound.  You've  always  wan- 
ted one  like  this,  get  it  now. 
Useful  and  Entertaining 
"Could  tell  color  of  aero- 

Slane  4  miles   away." 
Ira.  L.    M.    Yarb rough, 
Stringer,  Mias.— "Can 


watch  my  boy  until 
he  reaches  school 
2  miles  away    " 

Mrs.     L.     E 
Horn,  Mau- 
mee.  O.— 
"Can 


lile  away  and 
mountains  on 

noon."  A.  C. 

Palmer,  Indianapolis 

Special  Offer  By 


fortunate  purchase  from  a 
rge  European  manufacturer 
we  can  give  you  a  bargain.  Sup- 
ply limited.     Send  only  25c  with 
order  and  on  arrival  deposit  $1.70  with 
postman.    If    you    prefer  send  $1.85  with 
_  _der  in  full  payment.    Sent  post-paid.     Satis- 
faction guaranteed  or  money  returned  ia  f  nil. 

&  Co.,  6832  E.  End  Ave. ,  Dept.  soio  ,  Chicago 


CARPENTERS,  Weatherstrip  men,  etc., 

We  teach  you  for  $10.  How  to  make 
$200  month  up  at  Window  and  Door  Calk- 
ing in  your  own  vicinity  with  our  "RAW- 
HIDE" Elastic  Calking  and  Glazing  Compound. 
Will  not  Crack  and  fall  out.  All  Masonry 
Buildings  need  it.    Saves  Coal,  Decorations,  etc. 

WEATHERPROOF  COMPOUND  CO., 
709  Federation  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 


er 


_  The  Finest  bicycle  ever  w  built. 
44  Styles,  colors, sizes;  made  In  our  new 
factory.  SAVE  »10  to  $25.  Cash  or  easy  pay- 
ments.  Delivered  free  on  approval,  ex- 
rress  prepaid,  for  30  Days'  Free  Trial.  No 
i  large  unless  you  are  satisfied. 

TjM_^  Best  quality  at  factory  prices,  ex- 
lb  V9  press  paid.  Lamps,  wheels,  equip- 
ment, low  prices.  Write  Today  for  low  fac- 
tory prices  and  marvelous  offers  and  terms. 


Cycle.  -Company  ggg  y*r 

Oep«  ^l $]tiCa$0  free  catalog 


BUILD  YOUR  OWN  PHONOGRAPH 


Cut   out   big 
1    can   make 


profits.     Anyone   handy  with   tools 
cabinet   according   to   our   drawings 
and    simple    instructions.      We    furnish    mechan- 
ical parts  at  small  cost.     Drawings,   blue  prints, 
parts,   price  list,   etc.,   free  on  request.     Write  today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  Ohio 

1195  GOODYEAR  ALL-WEATHER  COAT  FREE 

Goodyear  Mfg.  Co.,  433-R,  Goodyear 
Bldg.,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  is  making  an 
offer  to  send  a  handsome,  Rainproofed, 
All-Weather  coat  to  one  person  in  each 
locality  who  will  show  and  recommend 
it  to  friends.   If  you  want  one,  write  today. 


GET  YOUR 

FREE 

$1.00   PACKAGE  OF  GENUINE 
YEAST  VITAMINE  TABLETS  from 

your  druggist  today. 
IF  YOU  ARE  THIN  AND  EMACI- 
ATED AND  WISH  SOMETHING 
TO  HELP  YOU  PUT  ON  FLESH 
AND  INCREASE  YOUR  WEIGHT, 
Yeast  Vitamine  Tablets  should  be  used  in 
connection  with  organic  Nuxated  Iron.  With- 
out organic  iron,  both  food  and  Vitamines  are 
absolutely  useless,  asyour  body  cannotchange 
inert,  lifeless  food  into  living  cells  and  tissue 
unless  you  have  plenty  of  organic  iron  in  your 
blood.  Organic  iron  takes  up  oxygen  from  your 
lungs.  This  oxygenated  organic  iron  unites 
with  your  digested  food  as  it  is  absorbed  into 
your  blood  just  as  fire  unites  with  coal  or 
wood,  and  by  so  doing  it  creates  tremendous 
power  and  energy.  Without  organic  iron  in 
your  blood  your  food  merely  passes  thru  your 
body  without  doing  you  any  good. 

•Arrangements  have  been  made  with  the 
druggists  of  this  city  to  give  every  reader  of 
this  paper  a  large  $1.00  package  of  Genuine 
Yeast  Vitamine  Tablets  absolutely  free  with 
every  purchase  of  a  bottle   of  Nuxated  Iron. 

I  For  Red  Blood. Strength  and  Endurance  | 

DON'T  BE  CUT 


piLES 


Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
derful  Treatment.  My  internal 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments, 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you  have  piles  in  any  form  write  for  a 
FREE  sample  of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  you* 
will  bless  the  day  that  you  read  this.     Write 
today. 
E.R.PAGE.322B  Page  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


POULTRY     RAISERS 

Send  for  the 

Eureka  Egg  Tester  and  Sex  Indicator 


<5    O    O. 


Male         Unfertile       Female 

And  count  your  chickens  before  they  are  hatched. 
This  device  indicates  whether  or  not  the  egg  is  fertile, 
or  whether  the  egg  will  hatch  a  rooster  or  hen.  Full 
directions  with  each  order. 

Price  60  cents  each— two  for  $1.00  post  paid- 


Box  413, 


LOUIS  STEINER, 


Monroe,   N.  Y. 


$20.00  Value  Set  MECHANICA1 
Drawing  Instrument? 

Special    Wholesale 
Price  $6.75  Postpaid 

Pocket  case  4x8S  inched 
— yelvet  lined  —  instruj 
ments  constructed  o) 
solid  nickel  silver  anc 
steel — guaranteed.  Ordel 
now — supply  limited.  Fre> 
illustrated  particulars. 
NATIONAL  INSTRUMENT  CO 
4703  N  Hamilton  Av,  Chicago,! 


This  Completeri)  FP 
Drawing  Outfit!  I\LL 


■•v; 


t^r 


You  can  have  this  complete  Drawing  Outfit  absolutely  free.    It  has 
everything  needed: — A  drawing  board,  "T"  square  rule,  French  curve, 
protractor,  triangles,  triangular  boxwood  scale,  erasing  shield,  draw- 
ing ink,  pencils,  erasers,  paper,  etc.    The  coupon  will  bring  you  infor- 
Jbrmation  as  to  how  you  can  get  this  splendid  outfit  free. 

Eara$50.00to$100.00aWeek 

There  are  few  professions  that  offer  greater 
i  possibilities  than  that  of  the  expert  drafts- 
\  man.    If  you  want  to  get  into  a  line  of  work 
:#  that  is  uncrowded — where  the  job  will 
seek  you — where  you  will  earn  $50.00  a 
week  or  more,  then  here  is  your  chance.    Be- 
come a  trained  draftsman. 

Thousands  of  Jobs  Are  Open 

for  the  trained  draftsman.  Right  now,  while  a  great 
number  of  men  of  other  lines  of  work  are  out  of  work 
you  won't  find  the  trained  draftsman  hunting  for  a  job. 
The  demand  for  men  in  this  line  far  exceeds  the  supply. 
Take  advantage  of  that  fact,  and  without  quitting  your  pres- 
ent job,  in  your  spare  time,  get  the  preparation  that  will  fit  you 
for  this  profitable  profession.   YOU  NEED  NO  PREVIOUS 
TRAINING.   An  hour  or  two  after  supper  is  all  the  time  you 
need  and  in  a  few  months  you  will  have  mastered  this  inter- 
esting job. 

Our  Free  Employment  Service 

will  assist  you  in  placing  yourself  to  the  best  advantage  in  this 
well-paying  profession.  Our  improved  system  of  practical 
instruction  has  reduced  the  method  of  becoming  efficient 
in  this  work  to  a  very  simple  process.  It  will  help  you  to  cash 
in  quickly  on  your  natural  ability. 

Don't  Turn  This  Page  Until  You  Have  Made  Up  Your  Mind 

to  find  out  all  about  our  free  offer  to  you.  The  coupon  will  bring 
full  information  and  our  free  book.  Send  for  it  today — right  now. 

AMERICAN  SCHOOL 

Drexel  Avenue  &  SSth  Street  Dept.  D  -3120  Chicago.  U.  S.  A. 

...._»_<_.  TEA  R      H  E  R  E  . ««=,*__„■_„__=_  - —  . 

ICAN  SCHOOL,  Dept.  D  -3120  .  Drexel  Ave.,  &  58th  St.,  Chicago,  U.  S.  A. 

send  me  particulars  on  how  I  can  get  the  Drawing  Outfit  Free  and  explain  how  I  can  get  the  job  checked.    This  re- 

3  to  put  me  under  no  obligation. 

:hine  Drawing  and  Design  □  Surveying  and  Topographical  Drafting         □  Structural  Drafting 

intectural  Design  D  Sheet  Metal  Pattern  Drafting  Q  Sanitary  Drafting  and  Estimating 


•Address. 


The  M.   F.   B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauffe 


The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  oft  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 
Manufactured  by 


No.  1.     Strike=plate. 

LOS  ANGELES, 


M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 


No.  2.    Lock. 


CAL. 


CARPENTERS  HAND  BOOK 

For  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no  other  hand 
book  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  "rules  and  tables." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  270*0  different 
lengths  of  rafters,  300  different  lengths  of  braces 
and  the  proper  cuts  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 
ing, stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc., 
and  in  fact  all  the  up-to-date  information  and 
"SHORT  CUT  RULES"  for  every-day  use  in  a  first 
class  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A.     ' 

I- ~  "" "  "~~"  ""  """"Mail  this  Coupon  to""- ~         '  — '  — 
I  D.  A.   ROGERS, 

3604    Stevens   Ave.,    Minneapolis,   Minn. 

■  Enclosed  find  $1.00  for  which  please  send  me  your  book 
•  CARPENTER  AND  BUILDERS  PRACTICAL  RULES 
|   FOR   LAYING    OUT    WORK. 

I  Name   

!   St.    and  No 

I 

■  Town    and   State   

I   The  Book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back. 


CARPENTERS  AHD  ?Ultl>ERS 

,    PRACTJCAL  RULtS 


(Size  41  x  7  inches.) 


<.(, 


The    Building    Labor    Calculator" 


By  Gordon  M.   Tamblyn. 


Gives  LABOR  HOURS  on:    Excavations,   Sheet  Piling.   Concrete,   Reinforcing  Steel,    Concrete  Forms,   Cement  Work] 

Common    Brick,    Press    Brick,,    Tile    and    Plaster    Block    Partitions,    Stone    Work,    Terra    Cotta,    Rough    Carpentrjl 

Finish   Carpentry,    Lathing   and    Furring,    Plain    Plastering,    Ornamental    Plastering,    Interior    Marble,    Sheet   Meta| 

Work,   Slate  Roofs,  Tile  Roofs,   Composition  Roofs,   etc.,  Painting  and  Decorating,   etc. 

A  Bungalow  or  a  Skyscraper — Fire-proof  or  non-Fire-Proof. 

Simple — Accurate — Rapid.     Send  for  descriptive  literature.  , 

WESTERN   SCHOOL   OF    ESTIMATING   AND    PLAN    READING,  210  W.    13th   Ave.,    Denver,   Coloradq 


The  "INTBRLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  both  inside  and  outside  measurements 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
once  and  vou  will  never  work  loithoitt  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

841C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by    modernizing    o  1  < 
windows  with  the  us< 
of      CALDWELI 
SASH   BALANCES 
have    stood    tht 
for   upwards  o) 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


.whe3i 

i^^  test 


The  American  Woodworker 

Gasoline, Kerosene,  or  Electric  Driven 
Used  on  the  Job  or  in  the  Shop 

Also  Made  With   Band   Saw  Attached 

Let  us  send  you  our  Bulletin  No.  77 
describing  this  and  other  profit  pro- 
ducers for  the  Carpenter,  Contrac- 
tor and  Builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Company 

136  Main  Street,   Hackettstown,   N.  J. 

New    York    Office.    50    Church    St. 
Philadelphia    Office,    The     Bourse. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 
The    Standard    the    World    Over 

Established  17901 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


:ilCK    SUCCESS    and    ftflORE    MONEY 

Saries  up  to  $100  per  week.  Here  is  your  only  OPPORTU- 
ry  to  get  this  wonderful.  $40.00,  Complete  Drawing  Outfit, 
iiding  a  FREE— PRACTICAL  COURSE  IN  MECHANICAL 
AWING— AT    OUR    SPECIAL    OFFER. 


ENS 


MONEY 


ship  FREE  to  any  address  in  U.  S.,  and  you  pay  only 
98  on  arrival— NO  EXTRAS— Write  to-day  for  this  remark- 
■  offer,  with  which  you  can  build  your  Success  in  DRAFTS- 
.NSHIP.  You  can  put  yourself  in  a  class  of  Trained  Men 
ise  sirvices  are  always  in  DEMAND. 

SY      TO      LEARN      AT      HOME      IN      YOUR      SPARE      TIME 
I  is  your  one  chance  to  earn  the  biggest  money  of  your  life,  and 

1!  be  one  of  the  most  profitable  investments  you  have  ever  made. 
TFIT  CONSISTS  of— Set  large  size  Professional  Draftsman's 
wing   instruments   of   Fine   Nickel   Silver,    set   into   a   handsome 

I: vet  Lined  pocket  book  folding  case,  size  4  by  8  1-2  inches 
icd— also  One  Drawing  Board  20  by  24  1-2  inches — One  24- 
ih  T  Square— One  12-inch  Standard  scale  rule— One  Protractor 
upply  of  drawing  paper — Two  Triangles — One  French  Curve — 
"lis— Erasers — One  bottle  waterproof  drawing  ink — Thumb 
:ks— and  one  enlarged  Edition  FREE— A  PRACTICAL  COURSE 
MECHANICAL   DRAWING.      You    cannot    make    a    mistake    by 

Iring  up  drawing,  so — Guarantee   Your   Future   and   Act   Now. 
OFFER    IS    LIMITED— FURTHER    PARTICULARS    FREE 

NATIONAL  INSTRUMENT  COMPANY 

3  North    Hamilton   Ave.,   Dept.    M.  Chicago,    III. 


*irni2)ii^Ati?i^iir 

YPRESS 

THE  WOOD  ETERNAL" 

for  INTERIOR  TRIM  is  staunch  and 

true..    Stands  the  moisture,  heat  and 

steam  so  prevalent  in   Kitchens,  has 

a    beautiful,    clear,    clean    grain  and 
takes  all  finishes  perfectly. 

THIS    TRADE-MARK    IS    ITS    IDENTIFICATION 

k   C 


M  ^        W  A 

Thade  Mark  Reg.  U.S.  PAT.Oncr 

Let  our  "Builders'  Helps  Depart- 
ment" aid  you  in  getting  the  best 
service  use  of  this  remarkable,  age- 
defying  wood.  SPECIFY  it  on  the 
knowledge  which  you  have  and  which 
you  can  confirm  by  writing  us. 

SOUTHERN  CYPRESS  MFRS. 
ASSOCIATION 

1252   Poydras   Building,    New   Orleans,    La.,   or 
1252  Graham   Bldg.,  Jacksonville,   Fla. 


PREMAX   WALL   TIES   AND   PLUGS 

Strong — Permanent — Correctly  designed 

From  your  dealer  or  direct 

NIAGARA  .METAL   STAMPING   CORPORATION 


Division  C 


Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 


TheRustlessRule 


:.    :      :.?    7 '_'.  .    .;.        --";.-'    :    -..      i    ..-■.'    -  '-.      '-'■    ~ '  ~-  '■   *-!'. 

weighs   little,    has    brass   joints,    costs   less    than    a    steel    rule,    vet    is   ju         > 
::i  ..  ;    ..:::    i-_:  =  ;    ^:    i::-:_-.e    zz ----*...-     t.:g*:i.er    with   permanent 

~.-.T-'  .--T7- 

:.      r   -:.    ----i     ■■    .    : :    :    :' -..       If    7-:     le  1". ;:    :  -z.    '-.:    =  -7. 7 .7   7 ".  -    -= ;  ~  _    u    .1 

~  7 .    "  -  -    "  '.".-■*    7^7   ~  ~     '-'- 

THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO..  INC. 
;  Li;'i..r-.T  A.r.  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


1  umbi  ng,  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


rket  for  Plumbing.  Heating  and 
works  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 


Save  20  to  40  °b  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Sniall  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all, 

B,  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


Send  for  Catalog 


K&E  MEASURING  TAPES 


are   well  made,  of   good    material,  and  are  reliable. 
^-14,^  Prices  Revised  Send  For  New  Price 

%     ■;  -KEUFFEL    &    ESSER    Co.  • 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 

TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 
Are  You  One  Of  Them? 


S:_:i  E;  L-^s. 


77-77— -  ~~-- 
—  7i_--:5   :: 


TAINTOR  MFG.  C< 


95  Reade  St.,  New  York 


C-i::-.i  -  ■_  :■:  -  7  :  S-atl  Eearini  Eltctrid 
:i:j  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish 
3    doors   quickly    and   just 


"  Special"'  and  2Ja. 
o?er   1  ; 

JNo.  3  i  :  -7:;:  en;  e.zf  circulr.r  ;:.  rs  14 
to  20  c 

X:.  4  ■-.:  C:~. 7777:;"!  7777  '  II"  7:7:777;  77~s 
14  -:    2~>   :    7:r. 

No.  5  for  timber  end  board  saws   r"  t«    l-l 

7"  777. 

CHaS.  ".SCr.F.ILL,  S;  i1;':^  Z.-.\..  fii'W  YORK,  il.Y, 


~:r>  is  7J7r  firs:  essen- 
particularly  new 
apartments  Etc., 
:  be  done  away 
ow  smoothly  and 

Z     ZZ-LC^-ZZZi     ZZiZ- 

.-    ha-ring    roller 
«rd   Emm   either 

■  7  ~7.h  unexen 
bment.  Kemore3 
' :  i      7 1  -  : ir     ;:;.., 


133   .. 


:  -  =   -  ■■  :    s.   Co. 
=. :-   St.      Dept.  A. 
•  ---  :.    Ell. 


WHY    WORRY 

ABOUT  A  LEAKY  ROOF  WHEN  IT 
CAN  SO  EASILY  BE  CURED  BY 


REG.    U.   S.    PAT.    OFF. 


BAYONNE 

IS  GUARANTEED   ABSOLUTELY 

WA  TERPROOF 

It  has  been  used  as  a  roof  and  floor 
covering  on  thousands  of  Piazzas, 
Sleeping  Porches,  etc..  and  is  recog- 
nized by  Carpenters  and  Builders  the 
country  over  as  the  standard  of  Roof- 
ing Canvas. 

Write  for  sample  book  "T" 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    I860 

"2-H4     new  YORK      70"72 


DUANE  ST 

BRANCH    202-204    MARKET   ST 


READE  ST. 
ST.    LOUIS 


Send  For 
This  Big  BooK 

HERE  ARE  100  complete  plans  for  Bunga- 
lows, Houses,  Barns  and  Garages  which 
you  can  have  for  the  asking.  This  Plan 
Book  will  enable  you  to  give  your  clients  a  wide 
variety  of  plans  from  which  to  choose  a  home, 
a  garage  or  a  barn— and  the  complete  cost  of 
each.  You  will  find  the  book  invaluable  in 
helping  you  sell  your  services. 
As  you  know,  there  is  a  purpose  behind  every 
tree  book.  Our  purpose  is  the  sale  of  lumber 
and  millwork  at  reduced  prices.  We  planned 
Uus  book  to  help  you— and  to  help  us  indirectly. 
You  are  welcome  to  this  useful  book  even 
though  you  never  buy  a  nickel's  worth  from  us. 
But  whether  you  build  according  to  our  plan  or 
your  own,  be  sure  to  get  our  prices  before 
ordering  lumber  and  millwork.  They  will 
astonish  you,  and  the  qualitv  of  the  lumber  will 
Please  you  A  Postal  Brings  This  Free  Book  Without 
Obligation;   Also  Estimates  and  Estimate  Blanks. 

ist  Side  Lumber  &  Manufacturing  Company 

PA.ST  ST,  LOUIS,    ILLINOIS 


Mr.  Carpenter 


!  Wouldn't  You 
Like  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 

WEATHER= 

STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell   You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 


FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Ave.  Chicago 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 

The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  cf  your  time  by 

over  50%;     By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 

on  your  first  filing  job  alone.     It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 

cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says:       "The   Expert's 

Choice  File  flies  18  hand  saws  and  is  cheaper  at 

a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 

You  get  your  money  back  u*  the  Expert  s  Choice  does  not  prove 

to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used       DELTA 

SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth  — also  for  that 

extra   hard   6aw.      Buy    your    tools    of    the    dealer    who    sella 

Delta  Files.      He  is  tho  quality  man. 

Trinl  fiffpr    If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20c. 
mtiu.il  vy/#c#     25c  or  3Qc  for  trla,     Qle     geDt    p:epald       Do 

thU  today — find  out  what  a  real  die  is 


o-THE  HIGHEST 'GRAD E.  .FILE  MAD  E    . 
:0  E LTA"  HAN  D  S AW- f  I  WE S  - 


carpenter's  special? 


MECHANICS    PAVORITE 


EXPERT'S   CHOICE 


.30;., 

TIME-*   ""I 

:     Sou"  111 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


4.— ^-TTBSffi^Bi 


ri»it^-'*-=q^^f»y^ 


lie  besl  Aujej  Eil  File  made —  We  will  delim  on  receipt  ef  30  ceau  eiclj. 


ROUND 


PIlCLEY  CHAIN 


PATENT  APPLIED   POB 


Carpenters  as  -well  as  Conductors 
prefer ACCO"  CHAIN  to  cord 


The  adoption  of  "Acco"  Chain  in 
place  of  unreliable  sash  cord  is  in 
line  with  a  similar  advance  in  the 
general  use  of  "Acco"  Chain  for  signal 
cord  in  railway  trains. 

"Acco"  Round  Cord  Pulley  Chain  is 
guaranteed  to  operate  freely  and 
smoothly  through  eyelets  or  over  pul- 
leys. Practically  everlasting  —  will 
not  kink,  stretch  or  knot.  Infinitely 
stronger  than  sash  cord  and  more 
economical. 

There  is  no  waste  because  there  is  no 
knotting,  and  it  can  be  cut  into  exact 
lengths.  No  cutting  by  sharp  or  rag- 
ged edged  eyelets  and  pulleys. 

Immediate  deliveries  in  any  quanti- 
ties. 


AMERICAN    CHAIN   CO.,   Inc. 

Bridgeport,  Conn. 

District  Sales  Office:  Chicago  New  York  Pittsburgh  Boston 
Philadelphia        Portland,  Ore.        San  Franissco 


K/1  /=t 


,    ality 

Uniformity 

Responsibility 


Q^O  Let  Us  Show  You 
How  to  Make 
More  Money 


You  can  easily  sell  Oak  Flooring,  as  well  as  lay  it. 
Your  work  enables  you  to  know  the  live  prospects — the 
people  who  would  choose  Oak  Flooring  in  building  the 
new,  or  remodelling  the  old  home,  if  they  only  knew 
its  advantages,  economies  and  comparatively  low  cost. 

A  special  %  thickness  for  overlaying  old  floors  offers 
you  a  wide  field,  as  every  home  owner  is  a  prospect. 

Write  for  our  three  free  booklets,  in  colors,  containing 
information  which,  added  to  your  practical  knowledge  of 
building,  will  make  you  a  competent  Oak  Flooring  sales- 
man.    Let  us  help  you  make  more  money.    Write  today. 

OAK  VlDOMmjmQMJffi 

1051  Ashland  Block,  Chicago,  111. 


Cornell  helps  me  earn  money  all 
rear  'round,"  says  the  Carpenter 


Having  tried  about,  every  kind  of 
wallboard  on  the  market,  I've  now 
adopted  Cornell- Wood- Board  for  every 
job.  I  find  that  Cornell  doesn't  warp 
or  buckle  when  correctly  applied,  be- 
cause it  is  made  of  pure  wood  fiber — 
and  "Triple- Sized"  in  the  process. 
This  gives  these  rigid  panels  triple 
the  ordinary  protection  against  mois- 
ture, expansion,  contraction,  sound 
and  variation  in  climate.  Compari- 
son of  walls  of  long  standing  prove 
that.  It  is  light  and  strong,  and 
easier  to  apply  than  plaster  board. 


Cornell's  Department  of  Design  and 
Decoration  supplies  special  interior 
drawings  without  cost  to  carpenters 
and  contractors,  showing  the  most 
artistic  panel  arrangements  for  any 
new  work,  alterations  or  repairs. 
Write  or  mail  the  coupon  for  full  de- 
tails, and  get  in  line  for  the  Cornell 
jobs  in  your  neighborhood. 

CORNELL    WOOD    PRODUCTS    CO. 
Dept.  CA=i 

General  Offices       190  N.  State  Street        Chicago,  HI. 
Water  Power,  Mills  and  Timberlands  in  Wisconsin 


rnell 


Mail  This  For  Plan  to  Increase  Your  Earnings 


omell  Wood  Products  Co.,  Dept.  CA-1, 
JO  N.  State  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

Tell  me  liow  I  can  Ret  the  Cornell  jobs  in  mv  neighborhood,  and  the  benefit  of 
your  free  plan  service  for  Carpenters  and  Contractors. 


reet  Address 


City   State. 


JLW 


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CARPENTERS,  CONTRACTORS 
AND  SAW  USERS! 

Ever  try  to  saw  a  board  with  a 
Meat  Saw?  Or — let  us  put  the 
question  differently  —  have  you- 
ever  tried  to  do  a  job  without' 
the  proper  tools? 

The  man  who  thinks  he  is  saving! 
money  because  he  puts  off  the; 
purchase  of  an 

Atkins  Itlei  Saw 

or  tool — that  fellow  is  figuring" 
backwards ;  he's  not  a  money 
maker;  he's  his  own  worst 
enemy. 

It's  up  to  us  to  furnish  you  with 
the  proper  saws  and  tools.  They 
aren't  luxuries  for  the  man  who 
needs  them,  but  real  necessities.  . 


Write  for  "Sato  Sense" — The 
Book  of  Facts.  Send  25  cents 
for  Carpenter's  Nail  Apron 
and  souvenir  Saw  Comb.  Mail 
to  us  at  Indianapolis. 


E.C.ATKINS  ©  COJ 

ESTABLISHED  !8S7  THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPIX  i 

Home  Office  w\d  Factory.  IND1ANAP0US.INDIANA 

CanadianFactoryHamilton  Ontario 
Machine  Knife  Factory,  Lancastc  r  N  .Y.  | 

tranches  Carrying  Complete  Stock&lnThoFollowinfCitivn    I 

Atlanta.  New  Orleans  Se&ttlo 

Memphis  New  York  City  Pari a.  France 

Chicago  Portland. Ore.  Sydney.  N-  Su* 

Minneapolis  Snxv Francisco  Vancouver, B.C  I 


These  Sheetrock  advantage 
guarantee  satisfied  customer 

You  can  always  depend  on  Sheetrock  walls  and  ceilings 
to  please  your  customers.  For  Sheetrock  is  made  from 
gypsum  rock  and  is  non- warping,  fireproof  and  perma- 
nent. It  provides  a  notable  resistance  to  heat  and  cold. 

Putting  up  Sheetrock  is  a  carpenter's  job  all  the  way 
through.  Sheetrock  cuts,  saws  and  nails  like  lumber.  It 
is  quickly  fitted  to  the  joists  and  studs  and  takes  any 
decoration  the  customer  prefers — papox •,  paint  or  panels. 

Let  us  tell  you  about 
a  plan  which  is  helping 
hundreds  of  carpenters 
get  Sheetrock  jobs  and 
increase  their  profits. 
Fill  in  and  mail  the  at- 
tached coupon  today! 


Sheetrock  comes  in  standard 
sizes:  %  in.  thick,  32  or  48 
in.  wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 


SHEE'EROCK 


yhe  FIRE  PROOF 


I  WAT/ LB  OAR 


UNITED    STATES     GYPSUM     COMPAN' 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 

Dept  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  HL 

Tell  me  about  your  plan  to  get  Sheetrock  contracts. 


Name. 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


For  every   steep-roofed   building — 


I)  matter  what  building-  you're  going 
roof,  there's   a   Barrett   Everlastic 
Ilofing  exactly  suited  to  the  job. 


fr    residences,     private     garages, 

Inches,  schoolhouses,  etc.,  Everlas- 

Single     Shingles     or     Everlastic 

llti-Shingles  (4  shingles  in  a  strip) 

a:  just  the  thing.     They're  economi- 

C  and  easy  to  lay  and  they  are  sur- 

"  ed  with  fadeless  red  or  green  min- 

.1   which    makes    the    finished    roof 

slikingly  attractive. 


r  factories,  farm  buildings,  sheds, 
ej.,  there  are  two  styles  of  Everlastic 

11  Roofing  to  choose  from — one 
nheral-surfaced,  like  the  shingles — 
t|  other  the  famous  Everlastic  "Rub- 
b|"  Roofing. 

no  matter  what  building  you're 
jng  to  roof,  the  Barrett  Everlastic 
el  will  insure  honest  value  and  long 

vice. 


Your  Choice  of  Four  Roofings 

Everlastic  Multi-Shingles.  The  newest  thing 
in  roofing — four  shingles  in  one.  Tough, 
elastic,  durable.  Made  of  high  grade  water- 
proofing materials  and  surfaced  with  mineral 
in  art-shades  of  red  or  green.  When  laid 
they  look  exactly  like  individual  shingles  and 
make  a  roof  worthy  of  the  finest  buildings. 
Weather  and  fire  resisting  to  a  high  degree. 
Need  no  plating. 

Everlastic  Single  Shingles.  Same  material  and 
art-finish  (red  or  green)  as  tbe  Multi-Shing- 
les, but  made  in  individual  shingles ;  size, 
8  x  12^  inches.  A  finished  roof  of  Single 
Shingles  is  far  more  beautiful  than  an  ordi- 
nary shingle  roof  and,  in  addition,  costs  less 
per  year  in  service. 

Everlastic  Mineral-Surfaced  Roofing.  The  most 
beautiful  and  enduring  roll  roofing  made. 
Surfaced  with  mineral  in  art-shades  of  red 
or  green.  Very  durable ;  requires  no  paint- 
ing.    Nails  and  cement  in  each  roll. 

Everlastic  "Rubber"  Roofing.  This  is  one  of 
our  most  popular  roofings.  Thousands  upon 
thousands  of  buildings  all  over  the  country 
are  protected  from  wind  and  weather  by 
Everlastic  "Rubber"  Roofing.  It  is  tough, 
pliable,  elastic,  durable  and  very  low  in 
price.  It  is  easy  to  lay ;  no  skilled  labor 
required.  Nails  and  cement  included  in  each 
roll. 


Company 


I    York 
Rpburgb 

1 
Ikstown 

L'H'obe 


I  real 


Chicago         Philadelphia         Boston         St.  Louis         Cleveland         Cincinnati 

Detroit      New  Orleans      Birmingham       Kansas  City      Minneapolis       l>allas 

Peoria  Atlanta         Duluth         Salt  Lake  City         Bangor         Washington 

Lebanon        Youngstown        Milwaukee        Toledo        Columbus        Richmond 

Bethlehem      Elizabeth       Buffalo      Baltimore       Omaha       Houston       Denver 


Toronto 


THE  BARRETT  COMPANY,  Limited  : 
Winnipeg  Vancouver  St.  John,  X.  B. 


Jacksonville 


Halifax.  X.  S. 


Month  Safari 

t  Hom< 


Chief  Draftsman  OOBE 


That's  the  kind  of  money  my  drafting 
students  make.  Read  what  this  one  says: 

"As  a  beginner  I  am  doing  fine.  Am  earning  a 
salary  of  $300  per  month,  besides  I  made  over  $450  at 
home  the  last  two  months,  drawing  plans  for  private 
parties.  The  practical  drafting  training  you  gave  me 
by  mail  put  me  where  I  am  in  less  than  six  month's 
study.  Thank  you  for  all  your  personal  interest  and 
help  you  gave  me  so  far.-  (sigmd)    JR 

(Name  and  Address  upon  request) 

To  Train  You 


rSmtC6{  PlacedlnaPosi 


to  $300  a  Month 


Write  and  I'll  tell  you  how  I  make  you  a  first-class,  big -money -earning 

draftsman  in  a  very  few  months !    I  do  this  by  a  method  no  other  man  nor  institution  can 
imitate.    I  give  you  personal  training  at  home  by  mail.    And  I  mean  just  what  I  say.    I  train 
you  until  you  are  actually  placed  in  a  posi- 
tion paying  from  $250  to  $300  a  moKith. 
draftsmen  are  wanted  every  month 
register  so  you  can  start  earning. 


Six  thousand 
Hurry  up  and 


Free  *25  Oat 

And  more— I  give  you  a  whole  set  of  drafting  tools 
the  minute  you  become  my  student.  You  get  every 
tool  you  need.  A  magnificent  $125  set  of  instruments 
with  which  to  build  your  succ  ess  in  draftmanship. 

Take  this  offer  now— while  it  fc  open.  Remember— 
the  draftsman  goes  up  and  up  to  the  fabulous  in- 
comes of  engineers  and  archit<  :cts.  And  I  start  you 
on  this  road— start  you  personally  and  stick  by  your 
side  until  success  is  yours. 

Free  Book! 

Send  Coupon  TODAY  MT 

No  matter  what  pjans  you  have  for  the  future.  Get 
this  great  book — "Successful  Craftsmanship."  Find 
out  about  the  simply  marvelous  opportunities  ahead 
now.  Kow  the  world  needs  draftsmen,  engineers, 
architects  and  builders.  What  .great  salaries  and  pos- 
sibilities there  are!  Send  coupe  n  for  free  book  today. 

Chief  Draftsm  an  B®be 

Dept.  531 4 »      4001  Broada  ay         Chicago,  Ell. 


Chief  Draftsman  Dohe 

Dept.   5314*4001  Broadway, Chicago,!* 

Without  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  mail  you  *> 
"Successful  Draftsmanship",  and  full  particulars  <!• 
liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  few  students. 


Name 

Address. . . . 
Post  Office. 


.State i 


1 


Nationally    Known 
Products 

lUthern  Pine  Lum- 
ber and  Timbers 
eosoted  Lumber, 
Timbers  Posts, 
Posts,  Poles,  Tics, 
Piling  Wood 
Blocks 
California  White 

Pine    Lumber 
Sash    and    Doors 
andardized     Wood- 
work 
im  and   Oak  Lum- 
ber 

Oak  Flooring 


can  bulkl  a  home  like  this.  Consult 
retail  lumberman.  Ask  him  to  show 
Long-Bell  Plan  No.  2062.  If  he 
t  It,  write  us.  There  are  60  other 
s  In  Long   Bell  service. 


[Trade  OMarlced 


ER 


When  you  think  of  LONG-BELL 
Lumber,  think  of  more  than  good 
Lumber — Think  of  what  that 
lumber  will  build— 


Homes    of    Charm    and    Distinction 

Long-Bell  service  includes  something  more 
than  the  manufacture  of  good  lumber.  It  in- 
cludes a  home  plan  service  that  is  distributed 
to  retail  lumber  dealers  to  make  it  easy  and 
convenient  for  home  builders  to  select  appro- 
priate designs  and  to  obtain  estimates  of  cost. 

Go  to  your  retail  lumberman.  Ask  him  to 
show  you  Long-Bell  home  plans.  Choose  a 
plan  that  will  fit  your  needs  and  then  ask  the 
lumberman  to  give  you  an  estimate  of  the 
cost  of  that  home  complete.  You  will  be 
surprised  at  the  economy,  as  well  as  the 
beauty  and  convenience,  of  Long-Bell 
homes. 


Build  with  Lumber,  the  least  expensive  material 
you  can  buy  today.  To  be  assured  of  obtaining 
lumber  of  uniform  high  quality.'  ask  for  lumber 
bearing  the  LONG-BELL  brand. 


The  TpnG-fiean,  Xjunber  r.ompani| 

n.A.LONC    UU1LD1NC        L»ml>.ni>«nllHflu»       KANSAS     CITY,    MO. 


iaakftWrUfur, 


3ES25ESEK3ES- 


COURSE    IN 
DRAFTSMANSHIP 


FRE 


Quick  Sue 


AND 


More  Mo 


Our    reman 
offer  is  read! 

you  NOW — after  many  months  of  work,  and  thousands  of  cl| 
spent  in  completing  and  producing  these  outfits, — at  our  s\i 
price — we  are  now  able  to  offer  them  to  a  limited  number  oiri 
that  desire  to  advance  to  a  better  paying  position. 

SALARIES  Up  To  $100  PER  WE!! 

Here   is   your  only   opportunity   to   get  this   wonderful,   high   priced! 

plete  drawing  outfit including  a  FREE PRACTICAL  COURlJ 

MECHANICAL  DRAWING— NO  EXPERIENCE  NECESSARY.  | 

SEND  NOMONEY-s^fpFRIi 

To  any  address  in  U.  S.,  and  yon  pay  only  $11. OS  on  arrival — NO  EXTRAS — wtf 
day  for  this  remarkable  offer,  with  which  you  can  build  your  success  in  draftsnili 
You  can  put  yourself  in  a  class  of  trained  men  whose  services  are  always  in  DEAI 
Great  engineering  and  construction  firms  are  searching  feverishly  for  draftsmen 
day.     Work  is  light,  pleasant  and  profitable. 

EASY  TO  LEARN  AT  HOME  IN  YOUR  SPARE  TIME 


A  few  hours  each  wp'k,  pleasantly  occupied,  are  all  that  is  necessary  to  lift  you  up  into 
pendent  and  well  paid  draftsman  class.  You  will  find  the  evenings  spent  with  your  dawing  t 
outfit  the  most  pleasant  of  your  life.  Course  is  most  simple,  thorough,  and  successful. 
This  is  a  dance  to  earn  tho  biggest  money  of  your  life,  and  will  be  one  of  the  most  profitab 
ments  you  have  ever  made.  Everything  used  by  expert  draftsmen  given  to  you. 
OUTFIT  CONSISTS  of — Set  large  size  Professional  Draftsman's  daawing  instruments  of  Fi 
Silver,  set  into  a  hand-ome  Velvet  Lined  pocket  book  folding  case,  size  4  by  8  1-2  inches  clo 
One  Drawing  Board  20  by  24  1-2  inches — One  24-inch  T  Square — One  12-inch  Standard  sc? 
Supply  of  drawing  paper — Two  Triangles — One  French  Curve — One  Profm-tor — Pencils- 
One  bottle  waterproof  drawing  ink — Thumb  Tacks — and  one  enlarged  Edition  FREE] — A  PP.. 
COURSE  IX  MECHANICAL  DRAWING.     You  cannot  make  a  mistake  by  taking  up  drawin; 

SO— GUARANTEE  YOUR  FUTURE  AND  ACT  NOW 

OFFER  IS  LIMITED  —  FURTHER  PARTICULARS  1 

______ TEAR  OUT  AND  MAIL  TODAY 

National  Instrument  Company 

4703  North  Hamilton  Ave.,  Dept.  A.  Chit,'0. 


□ 
□ 


Mark  an  X  in  one  of  the  squares  below. 
Please  send  me  at  once  eomplete  drafting  outfit — with   FREE   course  in  mechanical  drawing — for  which  'n 
$11.98  on  arrival — no'extras.     All  guaranteed  as  represented. 

Please  send  me  more  particulars — How  I  can  become  a  successful  draftsman  with  your  complete  draftin  ut" 
Free   Course    Offer. 


NAME __    STREET. 

XOWN   STATE— 


"    - 


R= 


M  '^^  A 
OS  REGISTERED  TRADEMARK  IS  INDEUBLY  STAMPED  IN  THE  END  OF  EVERY  BOAED  OF  TRUE  "TIDEWATER1'  CIPRES3.  LOOK  FOE  IT. 


The  Wood 
Eternal 


*> 


has  no  equal  for  porch  construc- 
tion. It  seems  to  be  pretty  fully 
demonstrated  that  for  all  porch 

construction,  porch  floors,  porch  col- 
umns, steps  and  rails,  the  rot-resistant 
quality  of  "The  Wood  Eternal"  gives 
it  unequaled  investment  value  for  this 
class  of  work.  CYPRESS  is  famous 
for  "staying  put." 


Let  our  "BUILDER  S'  DEPART- 
MENT" help  YOU.  Our  entire  resources 
are  at  your  service  with   Reliable  Counsel. 


There  is  a  liberal  education  in  the  Cypress  Pocket  Library  on  all  phases 

of  building — some  with  plans  for  Cypress   Bungalows  and  other  delight- 
ful things.    Vol.  1   (free)  tells  all  about  it.      Good  idea  to  send  for  it. 


Southern  Cypress  Manufacturers'  Association 

252     Poydras    Building,   New    Orleans,   La.,   or    1252    Graham    Building,   Jacksonville,   Fla. 

SPECIFY  AND  INSIST  ON  "TIDEWATER"  CYPRESS 
IDENTIFIED  BY  THE  CYPRESS  ASSN.'S  REGISTERED  TRADE-MARK. 
IF    IN    ANY    DOUBT,   PLEASE    WRITE  US    IMMEDIATELY. 

nS  REGISTERED  TRADE- MARK  IS  INDEUBLY  STAMPED  IN  THE  END  OF  EVERY  BOARD  OF  TROE '  •TIDEWATER• '  CYPRESS.  TAKE  NO  OTHER. 


J*  ^^f  A 

ittuiRj'.  US.  (faunas 


nw  M<«  (Lit  US  [taarttt 


Dm  tu>  d«  us  mot» 


lack 


i 


Files 


For  sharpening-  every 
kind  of  saw,  Black 
Diamond  Files  are  the 
best.  They  put  a  keen 
edge  on  the  toughest 
saw  teeth  in  labor- 
saving  time. 

Black  Diamond  Files 
are  tempered  to  de- 
pendable hardness — 
made  keen  cutting 
and  precise.  Since 
1863  Black  Diamond 
Files  have  been  the 
choice  of  men  who  de- 
mand the  utmost  from 
files. 


G.&  BLBarnett  Co., 

1078  Frankford  Avenue, 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Owned  and  operated  by 

NICHOLSON  FILE  CO. 
Providence,   Rhode  Island. 


HOW  MANY 

GOOD 

WOODWORKERS 

ARE         ] 
THERE       1 

Who  follow  good  advice 


It  pays  us  to  make- 
as  it  pays  them  to  ask 
for  the  Best  Sandpaper 
bytheirbrands-BEHR* 

Garnet  &  Brooklyn  Flint 

Your  dealer  will  be  glad  to 
give  you  what  you  want. 


HERMAN 


&  CO..  INC. 


BROOKLYN— NEW  YORK 

SANDPAPER    MAKERS    FOR    50   YEARS 


ILLEH5  FALLS 

TOOLS- 


■  MiUers  Falls 
Carpenters'  Tools 


FINE  workmanship  is  a  fine 
art     that      demands     fine 
tools.   Millers  Falls  Tools 
have   been   favorites   with  the 
best  carpenters  and  mechanics 
since  1868. 

Should  you  visit  the  Millers 
Falls  factories  in  the  Berk- 
shire Hills  of  New  England, 
you  would  then  realize  why- 
Millers  Falls  tools  are  worthy 


tools — workmanlike  tools. 

Two  generations  of  Yankee 
inventive  genius  and  patient 
skill  have  gone  to  the  making 
of  Millers  Falls  Tools,  with  a 
generous  allowance  of  New 
England  conscience  thrown  in 
for  good  measure. 

No  wonder  Millers  Falls  tools 
are  good  tools — through  and 
through. 


Write    us   for   the   Millers   Falls   Handbook    for 
Carpenters    and  Mechanics. 

MILLERS   FALLS   COMPANY,    Millers   Falls,   Mass. 


They  Are  Easy  To  Lay 

Ruberoid  Strip-shingles,  because  of  their  patented  shape,  are  self -spacing. 
No  chalk  lines  are  necessary.  You  don't  need  to  use  as  many  nails  as 
with  ordinary  shingles,  although  each  strip  is  actually  held  by  nine  nails. 


When  you  have  put  on  Ruberoid 
Strip-shingles,  you  can  tell  the 
house  owner  to  forget  about  his 
roof.  Ruberoid  quality  means  just 
that.  Thousands  of  roofs,  upon 
which  Ruberoid  has  lasted  for 
more  than  a  quarter  century, 
prove  this. 

Ruberoid  Strip-shingles  are  of  un- 


usual thickness,  giving  the  roof  a 
pleasing,  massive  appearance. 
They  may  be  laid  in  varied  designs 
by  combining  the  colors  and  re- 
versing the  strips.  The  new 
Ruberoid  Strip-shingle  folder 
shows  some  of  these  attractive  de- 
signs in  color.  It  will  be  sent  to 
you  upon  request. 


The  RUBEROID  Co. 

95  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 


Chicago 


Boston 


SHINGLES  and  ROOFING 


JERSEY 

Screen  Cloth 


l^JERSEY^ 


Look  for  the  Name 

Jersey  Copper  Insect  Screen  Cloth  is  the 
material  to  use  for  windows,  doors,  and 
porches. 

Iron  or  steel  screen  cloth  rusts  out  in  patches — no 
matter  whether  the  wire  is  painted  or  galvanized. 
Near  the  sea  and  in  the  tropics  it  is  especially 
short-lived. 

Alloys  of  copper  (bronze  or  brass)  will  often  disintegrate 
strand  by  strand.  The  weakness  here  is  due  to  the  fact  that 
it  is  impossible  to  obtain  a  uniform  mixture  of  two  or  more 
metals;   hence,  some  strands  are  less  durable  than  others. 

For  insect  screen  cloth,  unalloyed  copper  is  more  satisfac- 
tory than  any  other  metal.  Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  is 
made  of  wire,  99.8%  pure,  by  a  special  Roebling  process 
which  gives  it  approximately  the  tensile  strength  of  steel. 
Even  under  the  most  severe  conditions  near  the  sea  coast 
and  in  the  tropics,  it  will  give  excellent  service. 

Look  for  the  name,  Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth,  on  the 
rolls.  Only  put  on  screens,  cloth  that  you  can  recom- 
mend unqualifiedly.  Many  merchants  carry  it  in  stock; 
if  you  cannot  obtain  Jersey  Cloth  in  your  locality,  write  us 
(main  office  given  below)  and  we  will  inform  you  how  to 
get  it.      Stores  and  agencies  in  many  cities. 

The  New  Jersey  Wire  Cloth  Company 

618  South  Broad  Street 
Trenton  New  Jersey 


Why  Maple  outwears  Stone 


Every  shoe  in  the  thousands  that 
strike  a  stone  sill,  grinds  off  its  toll 
of  fine  particles  in  an  unchanging 
friction.  But  Maple  builds  up  its  own 
resistance  to  wear,  because  each  pass- 
ing foot  increases  the  polish  on  this 
hard -fibred,  tight -grained  wood, 
making  it  smoother  and  smoother. 

That  is  why  Maple  surpasses  all 
other  woods  and  all  other  materials 
for  flooring.  Because  of  its  individual 
characteristics,  Maple  is  used  for 
floors  in  every  good  home,  office, 
school,  church,  apartment,  public  or 
industrial  building. 

Architects,  engineers,  contractors, 
builders — all  who  desire  to  give  their 
clients  the  finest  of  counsel  and  ser- 
vice, will  say  "Floor  with  Maple. " 
Wherever  wear  is  essential  or  beauty 
desired,  it  is  the  wood  to  choose. 
And  to  be  sure  of  the  grade  and 
quality"  you  should  have,  see  that  it  is 


flooring  produced  and  guaranteed 
according  to  the  rigid  inspection 
standards  of  the  Maple  Flooring 
Manufacturers  Association. 

MFMA  flooring  is  made  from  the 
climate-hardened,  slow-growth  Maple 
of  Michigan  and  Wisconsin — the 
source  of  the  world's  finest  Maple 
for  floors. 

Kindred  woods  of  Maple  are  Beech 
and  Birch,  produced  by  the  same 
high  manufacturing  standards.  This 
trio  of  flooring  woods  offers  a  variety 
and  versatility  of  surface  finish  which 
will  satisfy  any  client  you  may  have. 

Maple   Flooring   Manufacturers   Assn. 
1056  Stock  Exchange  Building,   Chicago 


The  letters  MFMA  on 
Maple.Beech  orBireh  floor- 
ing signify  that  the  floor- 
ing is  standardized  and 
guaranteed  by  the  Maple 
Flooring  Manufacturers 
Association,  whose  mem- 
bers most  attain  and 
maintain  the  highest 
standards  of  manufacture 
and  adhere  to  manufactur- 


ing rules  ■which  economi- 
cally conserve  every  par- 
ticle of  this  remarkable 
■wood.  Thistrademarkisf or 
your  protection.  Look  for 
it  on  the  flooring  you  use. 


MFMA 


Floor  with  Maple 


fori  Are  Asked  To  Plan  And  To 
Prepare  Estimates  On  Building 
riiis  House.    Can  You  Do  It? 


If  you  can't  do  it  you  are  not  yet  in 
the  real  money  making-  class — you  are 
not  a  building  expert. 

But,  you  can  become  an  expert  simply  by 
giving  some  of  your  spare  time  to  home 
study  under  the  direction  of  the  Chicago 
"Tech"  experts  who  will  train  you  in  any 
branch  of  building  you  want  to  take  up. 
All  this  at  little  cost  and  on  easy  terms. 

Boom  in  Building  Coming 
Get  Ready  to  Profit  By  It 

Get  this  training  now  and  your  opportunity  will  come.  Building  is  to  be 
resumed  and  there  will  be  a  big  demand  for  men  able  to  act  as  foremen  and  super- 
intendents  on   important  work;   also   chances  for  the     „  , -  .      ,  «    #     • 

man  who  wants  to  go  into  business  as  a  carpenter  and    F^f?JFF  ifWZtJ, 


for  the  small  contractor  to  extend  his  business. 

Train  in  Spare  Time 
To  Handle  Big  Jobs 

To  get  the  paying  jobs  you  must  have  the  knowledge  that  will 
?nable  you  to  tell  others  what  to  do  and  how  to  do  it.  That  is 
,vhat  we  teach  you. 

Some  of  the  Subjects 

Plan  Beading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan.  How  to  read 
limensions.  How  to  read  detail  drawings.  How  to  lay  out 
vork  from  plans.  How  to  stake  out  buildings.  Practice  in  read- 
Dg  complete  blue  print  plans  from  basement  to  roof,  etc.,  etc. 

Estimating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of  materials.  Esti- 
mating time  and  labor.  How  to  figure  work  such  as  stairs, 
oofing,  rafters,  etc.  Millwork  :  window  and  door  frames,  mould- 
Tigs,    cornices,    etc.      All   about    the   steel   square.      Lathing   and 

lastering.     Excavations.     Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work.    Fire- 

jroofing.     Glazing.     Plumbing.     Heating. 

firing,  Etc.  Etc.  BH  (SHS  ■■  EBB  ■ 

;   Superintending.     Methods  of  work  on 

11  classes  of  buildings.     Uses  and  prep- 
I  ration  of  all  kinds  of  material.     Hiring 
;nd  handling  men. 
|  Also     Special     Courses     Architectural 

'rafting  for  Carpenters  and  in  Plumbing 
Ind  Healing  and  Ventilating,  all  taught 

y  practical  men. 


esson 


This  free  lesson  In  Plan  Read- 
ing shows  how  easily  you  can 
grasp  the  subject  by  the  Chicago 
"Tech"  method.  Nothing  to  pay 
for  this — sent  to  show  how  you 
can  advance  by  taking  a  Chicago 
"Tech"  home  study  course.  Cou- 
pon brings  it  free. 


CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE, 
439   Chicago  "Tech"  Building. 

Without  obligation  on  me  please  send  Free  Trial 
Lesson  on  the   course  I   have  marked  X   below. 


Send  the  Coupon  | 

I 
I 
1 


]    Plan   Heading  and   Estimating 
]    Architectural  Drafting. 


Don't  delay.  At  least  find  out 
bout  this  practical  training  for 
igger  pay  or  more  profits.  Send 
ir  catalog.  Get  the  coupon  into 
le  mail  today. 


Name. 


Address . 


Post  Office State. 


Occupation . 


Who  knows  best  how  a  tool  should  be  made? 
The  man  who  uses  it,  every  time! 

162  (°i67of)  carpenters  say 


BECAUSE  carpenters  helped  to 
design  the  Plumb  nail  hammer,  it 
is  only  natural  that  expert  mechanics 
should  prefer  it. 

Practical  carpenters  in  every  state 
were  asked  to  criticise  the  Plumb 
hammer — to  suggest  improvements,  if 
possible.  They  found  the  hammer 
perfect  in  every  detail,  162  of  them 
saying  the  balance  of  the  Plumb  hammer 
was  better  than  that  of  any  other  make 
that  they  had  ever  used. 

"This  hammer  is  perfect  in  every  respect  and 
I  believe  every  real  carpenter  will  say  it  is. 
I  don't  see  how  it  can  be  improved  by  any 
one,"  writes  J.  E.  Hasting-s,  Conway,  Ark- 
Tell   your  hardware   dealer  that   car- 
penters prefer  Plumb  hammers,  hatchets 
and  files  because  'They're  worth  more." 
Hammer,  $1.50. 

(Escept  in  Far  West  and  in  Canada) 


u 


The  Plumb  nail 
hammer  has  a 
better  balance 
than  any  other 
hammer  I  have 
ever    u  s  e  d . }5 


Building  Activity 
Now  Under 
Valuation 
New  England    $26,474,100 


in  27  States 

Contract       Contemplated 


New  York  District. 

Phila. 

Pittsburgh 

Chicago 

Minneapolis 


62.330.000 
32,022,800 
22,452.700 
45.805,100 
8,443,300 


Bldg. 

1,188 
2,700 
1,880 
1,300 
1,460 
413 


Valuation 
$31,337,100 
84,980,900 
53,701.300 
44,700.300 
193,412,400 
17,247,900 


Bldg. 
1,463 
4.012 
3.051 
2,197 
2,807 
6!I2 


Totals   (27  States)..    $198,518,000        9,037      $425,379,900      14,282 

rom  F\  W.  Dodge  Company 

Statistics 


■:\V 


tC-4 


New  Work 
and  new  tools 


a  spiral  screw-driver  with  spring  in  handle 
a  push  drill  with  adjustable  tension 

Your  work  will  be  easier  with  these  "Yankee"  Tools 
than  with  and  other  screw-driver  or  push  drill. 
They  have  time-and-labor- saving  features  found  only  in 
"Yankee"  Tools. 

"YANKEE" 

Quick  Return  Spiral  Ratchet  Screw-driver  No.  130 
Live  spring  in  handle  holds  bit  in  screw-slot  and  brings 
handle  back  automatically  for  next  thrust.  Permits  quick, 
accurate  work  in  hard-to-get-at  places  where  only  one 
hand  can  be  used.  Three  size  3  of  blades  included. 
No.  131  is  the  same  tool  in  a  heavier  design. 

No.  135  is  lighter,  for  small  screws.  Also  made  without  spring 
in  handle  in  corresponding  sizes,  No.  30,  No.  31  and  No.  35. 

"YANKEE" 

Automatic  Push  Drill  No.  44  with  adjustable  tension 
Hard  wood,  soft  wood,  large  drills,  small  drills — this 
tool  gives  exactly  the  right  pressure.  Saves  drill  points 
from  breakage.  Using  an  11-04  in.  drill  in  hard  wood,  turn 
cap  on  handle  to  right,  increasing  tension.  With  small 
drill,  in  soft  wood,,  turn  cap  to  left  to  ease  tension.  Seven 
different  tensions;  eight  drill  points,  1-10  in.  to  11-04  in. 
— virtually  a  special  tool  for  each  job. 

No.  41  is  another  automatic  push  drill — without  adjustable  ten- 
sion— for  those  not  requiring  this  feature. 

Some  other  "Yankee"  Tools 

Ratchet  Hand  Drills,  Ratchet  Screw-driv- 
ers, Plain  Screw-drivers,  1%  to  30  inch  blade. 

Write  for  Free  Tool  Book 

Condensed  catalogue  shows  all  the  ingeni- 
ous'-Yankee"  Tools  for  saving  time  and  labor. 
Dealers  everywhere  sell  "Yankee"  Tools 

North  Bros.  Mfg.  Co.,  Philadelphia 


4* 


Y&NKEETOOLS 

9Hake  Betfel  Tnechcvruc* 


/?j.OOD  sawing  is  simply  a  mat- 
^  ter  of  using  a  good  saw — 
the  right  one  for  the  purpose. 

Laying  out  the  work,  proper 
marking  and  handling  of  the 
material  may  be  done  in  the 
best  possible  way  but  when  it 
comes  to  actual  sawing  it  is  the 
quality  of  the  saw  that  counts. 
No  saws  and  tools  can  do  better 
work  in  your  hands  than  Diss- 
ton  Saws  and  Tools. 

Write  for  the  Disston  Saw, 
Tool,  and  File  Book,  and  ad- 
dress your  inquiry  to  Desk  No.  1/ 

HENRY  DISSTON&SONSjnc, 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


DISSTON 

SAWS    TOOLS    FILES 


1 

i  cd  July  22, 1 91 5,  at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 
Acceptance  for  mailing  at  special  rate  of  Dostage  provided  for  in   Section  1103,  act  of 
October  3,  1917.  authorized  on  July  8,  1918. 

.  onthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 
Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 
and  Joiners  of  America,  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


sblished  in  1S81 
i  XLII— No.  4 


INDIANAPOLIS,  APRIL,   1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Year 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


The  First  Union;   The  First  Open  Shop 

P  N  the  beginning  God  made  the  earth  in  six  days,  and 

on  the  seventh  day  he  rested.     When  He  started 

j^J)   to  replenish  the  earth  He  made  man  in  His  own 

m  image.    God  soon  saw  that  it  was  not  good  for  man 

to  live  alone,  and  then  He  made  woman. 

Right  there  the  first  Union  was  organized. 

God,  recognizing  this  Union,  gave  the  man  and  woman  em- 
ployment in  Eden's  beautiful  garden. 

On  a  lovely,  sunshiny  day,  when  peaceful  and  amicable 
relationships  were  the  only  things  known  between  God  and 
man,  the  Open  Shopper  appeared  on  this  sylvan  scene,  and  with 
his  store  of  false  statements  and  gift  of  gab,  he  beguiled  Mother 
Eve  with  the  "great  advantages"  of  the  Open  Shop,  and  per- 
suaded her  to  join  the  association.  Then  the  two  inveigled  poor 
•   Adam  to  join  with  them. 

The  Creator,  believing  in  the  principles  of  Unionism,  when 
these  facts  became  known  to  him,  escorted  them  to  the  gate  and 
locked  them  out. 

One  of  the  first  proofs  that  the  Master  was  a  Fair  employer 
is  evidenced  when  he  divided  the  24  hours  of  the  day  into  three 
equal  parts,  with  only  eight  hours  for  labor — with  a  full  day 
of  rest  on  the  seventh  day. 

Time  rolled  on,  and  after  a  while  a  bright  and  shining  star 
shone  in  the  East — a  Son  lay  in  the  manger. 

This  child  was  our  Savior,  who  grew  up  to  be  a  Carpenter- 
Preacher,  and  all  records  of  His  life  prove  that  He  was  a  Union 
man,  and  God  said,  "This  is  My  Beloved  Son,  in  whom  I  am 
well  pleased." 

So,  my  friends,  upon  the  teachings  of  these  Immortals,  the 
very  fundamental  principles  of  Organized  Labor  are  founded. 

—By  W.  C.  Franklin. 


16 


THE     CARPEXTER 


INCONSISTENCY 

(By  John  T.  Cosgrove,  First  General  Vice-President.) 


INCONSISTENCY  is  de- 
fined as  fickleness,  waver- 
ing; not  true  to  allegiance 
of  duty — not  observing  of 
promise.  What  a  forceful 
indictment  those  words 
convey  to  a  thinking  person  who  is  cog- 
nizant of  the  fact  that  a  large  number 
of  the  members  of  our  various  Locals 
must  be  classed  thereunder.  The  defini- 
tion of  the  word  "inconsistency",  and 
the  effect  of  that  inconstancy  must  be 
apparent  to  every  member  of  the  United 
Brotherhood,  who  dislikes  fickleness, 
wavering  and  unstableness,  and  as  sci- 
ence teaches  us  there  must  be  a  cause 
for  every  effect,  the  thought  naturally 
presents  itself  to  a  thinking  person, 
what  is  the  cause  of  the  inconstancy  of 
the  membership  of  our  Locals? 

In  answer  to  that  mental  inquiry  a 
great  number  of  causes  at  once  open 
up  before  our  vision  as  being  in  some 
measure  responsible  for  the  inconstancy 
of  the  local  membership.  And  one  of 
the  chief  causes  of  inconstancy  among 
our  local  membership,  in  the  judgment 
of  the  writer  is  lack  of  patriotism  or 
craft  pride.  Occasionally  one  hears  a 
great  deal  about  being  patriotic  to  one's 
country  and  every  loyal  citizen  ought  to 
be  a  patriot  to  his  country,  which  means 
to  love  his  country,  because  he  loves 
liberty. 

And  taking  the  word  "Liberty"  to  be 
the  key-stone  of  the  word  "Patriotic" 
one  wonders  why  it  is  that  every  mem- 
ber of  our  organization  is  not  a  most 
thoughtful  enthusiastic  patriot  for  his 
organization,  because  one  of  the  vital 
tenents  of  our  organization  is  based 
upon  justice  and  liberty,  for  there  is  no 
other  principle  in  the  laws  and  practices 
of  our  organization  than  the  liberty  of 
choosing  the  conditions  under  which  one 
should  labor  and  the  liberty  of  saying 
and  determining  what  should  be  the 
compensation  for  his  labor,  which  ought 
to  make  every  member  of  the  United 
Brotherhood  a  most  ardent,  self-sacri- 
ficing patriot.  For  the  word  "Liberty" 
comprehends  the  right  to  live  as  free 
men  should  live,  which  in  a  large  meas- 
ure means  to  control  and  enjoy  the  pro- 
ductive power  of  his  hands  and  brains, 
so  that  the  material  well-being  of  him- 
self and  family  will  be  provided  for  ad- 
equately.   And  that  includes  proper  and 


healthful  food,  good  housing,  good  edu- 
cation, and  ample  provisions  for  old  age, 
and  as  the  United  Brotherhood  aims  to 
give  all  those  rights  to  the  men  of  our 
craft,  it  only  seems  natural  to  suppose 
that  every  member  of  our  Local  Unions 
would  become  powerful  enthusiastic 
craft  organization  patriots  impelled  by 
the  lofty  principles  involved  in  such 
patriotism.  He  should  carry  into  his 
every  day  life  the  aims  of  our  or- 
ganization, which  teach  the  right  of 
our  craftsmen  to  enjoy  the  fruits  of  their 
labor.  And  the  more  earnestly  the  mem- 
bers of  our  Local  Unions  diffu-e  that 
principle  in  their  family  life,  the  strong- 
er their  own  moral  power  will  become. 
And  the  greater  will  the  family  support 
be  if  sacrifices  have  at  times  to  be  made 
for  the  breadwinner,  and  then  one  of  the 
important  causes  of  inconstancy  in  our 
membership  will  be  wiped  out. 

Our  organization  must  have  members 
who  are  valiant  under  trying  circum- 
stances if  inconstancy  on  the  part  of  the 
membership  is  to  decrease.  We  must  be 
prepared,  as  members,  to  defend  the 
principles  of  our  organization  when  it  is 
assailed,  and  every  time  we  fail  to  do 
so,  we  weaken  our  moral  power.  Why 
should  a  member  of  a  Local  Union  feai 
to  declare  he  is  a  member  of  same? 
What  is  there  to  be  afraid  or  ashamed  ol 
in  being  a  member  of  the  United  Broth- 
erhood of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  ol 
America?  Is  the  liberty  to  control  one's 
own  labor  in  conjunction  with  his  felloe 
craftsmen  anything  to  be  afraid  oi 
ashamed  of?  Therefore,  let  our  mem 
bers  prepare  to  defend  their  organizatior 
and  give  a  reason  for  the  faith  that  is  ii 
them  as  did  "Paul  of  Old." 

The  membership  of  our  organization 
who  also  hold  membership  in  variou: 
fraternal  organizations  as  a  rule  an 
eager  to  declare  their  membership  ii 
those  organizations,  and  none  of  thos' 
fraternal  organizations  make  the  leas 
pretense  to  increase  or  maintain  th 
earning  powers  of  its  members,  and  ye 
our  members  who  are  also  members  o 
the  fraternal  organizations  referred  t 
will  strive  with  all  their  power  to  buil 
up  the  influence  and  power  and  th 
membership  of  those  fraternal  bodies 
and  sacrifice  their  own  Local  Union' 
interest  to  serve  in  some  office  of  thos 
fraternal  organizations,  while  their  ow 


THE     CARPENTER 


17 


jocal  Union's  membership  dwindles, 
vhich  had  up  to  that  time  by  its  com- 
plied strength  enabled  those  members 
o  maintain  their  ability  to  command 
uch  wages  as  would  permit  them  to  re- 
nain  members  of  those  fraternal  organ- 
isations. 

So  it  seems  to  the  writer  that  if  the 
vocal  Unions  want  to  successfully  com- 
<at  with  inconstancy  in  their  member- 
hip  they  must  adopt  some  form  of  pro- 
edure  that  will  teach  their  members 
hat  the  greatest  good  comes  to  the 
reatest  number  when  loyal  service  and 
rillingness  to  serve  becomes  the  motto 
f  a  Local  Union,  and  then  inconstancy 
i  the  membership  of  the  Local  Union 
.-ill  very  largely  decrease.  And  to  fur- 
lier  decrease  these  inconstancies  of  the 
lembership  some  form  of  inspiration 
hould  be  adopted  by  the  Local  Union  to 
ncourage  their  members  to  become  edu- 
ated  in  the  labor  movement  by  the 
ffering  of  small  prizes  to  the  members 
'ho  set  forth  in  writing  their  reasons 
or  becoming  members  of  our  organiza- 
on  and  why  they  continue  as  members, 
nd  in  this  manner  inaugurate  an  edu- 
ational  movement  that  may  grow  and 
lduce  the  local  membership  to  willingly 
'udy  labor  literature  and  thereby  have 
wider  field  for  debate. 

Another  cause  of  some  of  the  incon- 
tancy  of  the  membership  in  some  local- 
ies  can  be  ascribed  to  the  arrogance  of 
le  local  leadership.  Many  of  the  local 
■aders  who,  by  the  way,  have  become 
'aders  by  the  consent  of  the  member- 
lip  of  the  Local  Union,  in  some  in- 
:ances  forget  the  way  by  which  they 
btain  their  positions  and  presume  that 
leir  will  must  govern  the  entire  thought 
f  the  Local  Union,  and  they  will  not 
>lerate  an  honest  difference  of  opinion, 


and  while  the  writer  always  welcomes  a 
strong,  intelligent  leadership  in  the  Lo- 
cal Union  and  thinks  it  essentially  nec- 
essary to  properly  govern  the  Local 
Union,  but  when  leaders  of  a  Local 
degenerate  until  they  become  mere 
bosses  and  only  show  domination  of 
their  power  without  proper  regard  for 
the  rule  of  reason  behind  it,  then  such 
arrogant  leadership  becomes  a  positive 
injury  to  the  Local  Union  and  in  the 
end  brings  disaster  not  only  to  those 
who  submit  to  such  leadership  but  also 
the  Local  Union  itself. 

Again,  there  is  over- confidence  on 
the  part  of  many  of  the  leaders  and 
members  of  the  Local  Unions  to  bring 
about  such  changes  as  thoy  desire  in 
their  wage  scale  and  working  hours, 
giving  very  little  if  any  attention 
to  the  wishes  of  their  employers  in 
the  matter.  Those  Local  Unions  point 
to  the  success  that  has  attended 
their  victories  in  the  past  in  the  blood- 
less battles  that  they  have  Avon,  or  in 
other  words  their  employers  have  com- 
plied with  their  demands  without  resist- 
ance and  forgetting  that  the  emploj-ers 
have  in  the  meantime  become  as  well  or- 
ganized as  they  were,  the  Local  Unions 
still  pursue  the  old  tactics  and  a  fight 
ensues,  bitterly  contested  by  both  sides. 
Then  it  is  those  Locals  are  forced 
to  learn  by  the  inconstancy  of  their 
membership  that  more  can  be  obtained 
and  maintained  by  diplomacy  than  by 
the  use  of  the  sword,  and  that  open 
rupture  conflicts  should  not  be  resorted 
to  until  every  form  of  diplomacy  has 
been  exhausted.  Then  the  justness  of 
the  cause  which  the  Local  Unions  stand 
for  will  command  the  fealty  of  the  entire 
membership  of  the  union,  as  well  as  the 
good  will  of  the  public. 


HISTORY  OF  THE  LANDIS  WAGE  AWARD 

(By  the  Chicago  Federation  of  Labor.) 


HE  bulk  of  the  trade  union 
agreements  of  building 
crafts  or  trades  expired 
May  1,  1921.  All  of  the 
skilled  building  trades 
had  been  paid,  for  the  two 
ears  preceding  that  date,  a  uniform 
age  of  $1.25  an  hour. 
During  the  month  of  April,  1921,  com- 
ittees  of  the  building  trades  unions  and 
ie  contractors'  association  met  in  an 
fort  to  formulate  a  new  agreement, 
he  only  point  in  controversy  was  the 
age    scale.      The    contractors    insisted 


that  the  workers  accept  a  reduction  of 
25c  an  hour.  In  other  words,  they  of- 
fered $1  an  hour  to  all  the  trades  whose 
agreements  expired  May  1. 

The  workers'  committee  refused  to  ac- 
cept the  same  upon  instructions  from 
the  various  Local  Unions.  The  senti- 
ment that  prevailed  in  the  unions  in- 
dicated that  they  would  be  willing  to 
accept  a  reduction  of  10c  or  12  %c  an 
hour. 

On  May  1  the  Contractors'  Association 
notified  the  Building  Trades  Council 
that   unless  they   accepted   the   wage   of 


18 


THE     CARPEXTER 


$1  an  hour  they  need  not  report  for 
work.  Such  action  resulted  in  a  lockout 
of  practically  all  of  the  building  trades 
and  brought  about  a  complete  stoppage 
of  building  operations  except  in  a  few 
isolated  cases  where  contractors  were 
not  members  of  the  association. 

The  lockout  continued  until  June  7, 
1921,  when  the  committees  of  the  con- 
tractors and  building  trades  agreed  to 
submit  the  wage  controversy  to  arbi- 
tration and  mutually  agreed  upon  Fed- 
eral Judge  J.  M.  Landis  as  the  arbi- 
trator. Judge  Landis  accepted  the  ap- 
pointment, and  the  newspapers  of  Chi- 
cago heralded  the  news  of  his  selection 
and  the  resumption  of  building  operation 
as  a  great  event. 

The  only  matter  in  controversy,  as 
mentioned  before,  was  the  wage  scale. 
Neither  side,  during  the  negotiations  in 
the  month  of  April,  had  injected  any 
other  issue  into  the  situation,  yet  Judge 
Landis  after  accepting  the  position  of 
arbitrator,  a  week  later,  called  before 
him  representatives  of  both  sides  and  in- 
formed them  that  he  regarded  the  work- 
ing rules  of  each  trade  as  so  closely  re- 
lated to  the  question  of  wages  that  he 
could  not  undertake  to  fix  a  wage  unless 
he  would  have  the  right  to  revise  work- 
ing rules. 

Keep  in  mind  that  the  working  rules 
embodied  in  the  agreements  existing  be- 
tween the  contractors  and  the  union  had 
resulted  from  years  of  contractual  rela- 
tions and  had  been  evolved  from  the 
every  day  working  experience  of  these 
employers  and  workers.  Neither  the  con- 
tractors nor  the  workers  were  desirous 
of  submitting  these  rules  to  Judge  Lan- 
dis or  to  any  other  third  party  for  revi- 
sion, yet.  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the 
public  sentiment  had  been  aroused 
through  the  columns  of  the  press  so 
strongly  in  favor  of  a  resumption  of 
work,  neither  side  had  the  courage  to 
take  issue  with  Judge  Landis. 

The  result  was  that  they,  by  silence, 
agreed  to  permit  him  to  consider  work- 
ing rules  in  connection  with  the  wage 
question.  After  a  number  of  public 
hearings  and  a  number  of  conferences 
wherein  Judge'  Landis  would  send  for 
representatives  of  unions  separately, 
with  the  contractors  of  that  particular 
trade,  and  voice  his  suggestions  as  to 
changes  which  should  be  made  therein, 
he  finally  announced  his  award  on  Sep- 
tember 7,  1921. 


It  can  be  truly  said  that  the  Lane 
award  satisfied  neither  contractor  n 
worker;  also  it  may  be  stated  that 
is  not  humanly  possible  for  any  pers 
not  thoroughly  familiar  with  buildi 
trade  operations,  even  after  a  study 
a  year's  time,  to  decide  equitably  wh 
should  be  the  working  rules  of  some 
trade  unions  or  trades.  Yet  Judge  La 
dis,  with  no  building  trade  experienc 
after  considering  the  situation  for  t 
short  period  of  three  months,  durii 
which  time  he  was  occupied  on  t' 
bench,  giving  some  attention  to  his  j< 
as  chief  baseball  umpire,  some  at  pla 
ing  golf,  rendered  an  award  fixing 
varied  wage  scale  for  some  30  tra< 
unions  and  setting  up  new  working  ml 
for  those  trades.  The  net  result  of  t] 
award  has  been  worse  confusion  in  t! 
building  situation  in  Chicago  ever  sine 

Immediately  upon  its  announcemer 
the  majority  of  trades  walked  off  tlj 
job.  The  unions  did  not  order  a  strik 
but  the  men  left  their  work  as  indiri 
uals  in  protest  against  the  inequitat 
wage  fixed  and  the  impractical  and  u 
just  working  rules  laid  down.  In  ord 
to  complete  many  of  the  buildings  tin 
under  construction  and  because  thi 
themselves  felt  the  award  was  unju 
and  inequitable,  contractors  in  mo 
cases  agreed  to  pay  the  old  scale 
wages  pending  a  rehearing  before  Jud; 
Landis. 

The  unions  petitioned  for  a  rehearin 
the  contractors  expressed  no  objectio; 
thereto.  The  Judge  fixed  a  date  for 
rehearing,  when  suddenly  there  appear* 
upon  the  horizon  an  influence  that  hi 
not  exhibited  itself  in  the  arbitrate 
proceedings  previously.  A  "  citizen 
committee"  was  formed,  made  up  a 
most  entirely  of  representatives  of  larj 
corporations  bitterly  anti-union  in  the 
policies.  This  "citizens'  committee"  pr 
tested  and  finally  brought  pressure 
bear  upon  the  Contractors'  Associate 
to  protest  against  any  rehearing  unl 
first  the  men  had  returned  to  work  und' 
the  wage  provided  for  in  the  Land 
award. 

In  a  number  of  instances  contracto: 
in  a  particular  trade  got  together  wil 
representatives  of  the  union,  called  upc 
Judge  Landis  and  urged  a  revision  < 
the  wage  scale  in  that  particular  trac 
and  in  some  instances  Judge  Land 
agreed.  Gradually  a  majority  of  tl 
trades  returned  to  work  either  under  a 


THE     CARPENTER 


10 


mended  scale  by  Judge  Landis  or  under 
ae  original  Landis  award. 

The  master  plumbers  and  their  jour- 
eymen  in  conference  agreed  upon  $1.10 
n  hour  as  a  wage — Judge  Landis  hav- 
\g  granted  the  plumbers  only  95  cents 
er  hour —  and  signed  a  three  year 
greement  to  that  effect.  In  that  case 
oth  employer  and  worker  disregarded 
ie  Landis   award. 

It  is  noteworthy  that  Judge  Landis  in 
ie  issuance  of  his  award  mentioned  the 
ict  that  carpenters,  plasterers,  elevator 
instructors,  sheet  metal  workers  and 
ainters  were  not  parties  to  the  arbitra- 
on,  yet  that  he,  Judge  Landis,  had  or- 
?red  considered  the  working  conditions, 
izards,  etc.,  of  these  trades  and  stated 
lat  had  they  been  parties  to  the  arbi- 
ation  he  would  have  fixed  a  wage  of 
L  an  hour  for  carpenters,  95c  for  paint- 
's, $1.10  for  plasterers,  95c  for  elevator 
instructors  and  95c  for  sheet  metal 
orkers. 

The  painters'  agreement  with  their 
infractors  does  not  expire  until  May, 
)22.  Yet  here  we  have  the  learned 
idge  Landis,  on  ex  parte  evidence,  fix- 
g  a  wage  scale  for  five  important  trade 
lions  in  the  building  industry  without 
anting  those  workers  a  hearing.  This 
•tion  of  Judge  Landis  more  than  any- 
ing  else  aroused  resentment  and  mis- 
ust  towards  the  entire  award. 

Other  criticisms  of  the  Landis  award 
ere: 

First,  that  the  award  provides  that 
e  wage   announced   be   not   exceeded ; 

other  words,  that  it  was  both  a  min- 
ium and  maximum  wage.  The  prin- 
ple  upon  which  all  wage  scales  of  trade 
dons  are  founded  is  that  the  wage  pro- 
ded  is  a  minimum  wage  and  that  the 
iployer  is  free  to  pay  in  excess  thereof 
r  special  skill  and  service. 
,  Second,  that  the  wage  announced  was 

sed  upon  his   (Judge  Laadis)   opinion 

the  skill  connected  with  the  trade  as 
i?ll  as  the  hazard  and  the  opportunity 
r  continuity  of  employment. 

Third,  the  award  provided  that  the 
ides  who  were  parties  to  the  arbitra- 
in  should  compel  the  other  trades,  car- 
nters,  painters,  plasterers,  elevator 
nstructors    and   sheet    metal   workers, 

t   parties    to   the   arbitration    but    for 

10m  a  wage  had  been  fixed,  to  accept 
ch  wage  or  refuse  to  work  with  them. 

After  the  end  of  the  building  season, 

8  latter  part  of  November,  the  "citi- 
es' committee"  before  mentioned  be- 


came extremely  active,  particularly  with 
their  publicity  in  the  daily  press.  Their 
first  announcement  through  the  columns 
of  the  Chicago  daily  newspapers  was  to 
the  effect  that  they  were  raising  a  sub- 
scription of  $3,000,000  to  enforce  the 
Landis  award ;  also  that  they  had  com- 
pleted arrangements  with  all  of  the 
banks  through  the  Chicago  Clearing 
House  Association  whereby  no  individual 
or  concern  desiring  a  loan  for  building 
purposes  would  be  accommodated  un- 
less they  provided  in  their  contracts  with 
the  architects  or  builders  that  the  build- 
ing operations  must  be  performed  on  the 
basis  of  the  Landis  award ;  also  that  no 
building  contractor  would  be  accommo- 
dated by  the  banks  unless  he  adhered 
strictly  to  the  provisions  of  the  Landis 
award. 

Further  announcement  was  made  that 
the  Chicago  Association  of  Commerce, 
the  Illinois  Manufacturers'  Association, 
the  Employes'  Association  of  Illinois  had 
all  agreed  to  urge  their  members  to 
grant  no  contract  to  any  building  con- 
cern that  did  not  adhere  strictly  to  the 
Landis  award. 

The  sheet  metal,  master  plumbing, 
carpenter,  plasterer  and  elevator  con- 
struction contractors  were  called  before 
the  "citizens'  committee"  and  informed 
that  unless  they  operated  on  the  basis 
of  the  Landis  award  that  the  "citizens' 
committee"  would  bring  into  Chicago 
contractors  in  their  respective  lines  to 
do  the  work  with  non-union  men. 

The  "citizens'  committee"  have  an- 
nounced publicly  that  they  have  already 
collected  a  million  and  a  half  dollars  to 
be  expended  in  protecting  contractors 
who  operate  under  the  Landis  award 
and  to  fight  any  contractor  who  refuses 
to  do  so,  as  well  as  for  the  purpose  of 
bringing  into  Chicago  non-union  work- 
ers of  any  trade  where  the  union  organ- 
ization refuses  to  work  for  the  Landis 
wage.  The  net  result  is  extreme  con- 
fusion in  the  building  industry. 

The  carpenters'  union  not  being  a 
party  to  the  arbitration  proceeding,  hav- 
ing many  of  its  members  employed  di- 
rectly by  individuals  erecting  homes  or 
apartment  buildings,  those  individuals 
being  embarrassed  by  the  action  of  the 
"citizens'  committee"  preventing  them 
from  securing  loans  to  complete  their 
operations,. have  gone  into  court  seeking 
an  injunction  to  restrain  the  "citizens' 
committee"  from  interfering  with  the 
legitimate  functions  of  their  union   and 


20 


THE     CARPENTER 


from  continuing  the  conspiracy  that 
committee  has  developed  against  the 
carpenters'  organization. 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  hearing  on 
the  petition  the  court  ordered  the  "citi- 
zens' committee"  to  cease  sending  their 
representatives  and  investigators  out  on 
jobs  where  building  operation  were  in 
progress,  or  in  any  other  way  from  in- 
timidating either  contractors  or  workers 
pending  the  court's  decision  on  the  pe- 
tition. 

As  to  the  motive  of  Judge  Landis  in 
rendering  the  award  that  he  did,  many 


trade  unionists  believe  that  the  judge 
was  extremely  desirous  of  redeeming 
himself  with  the  public  press  and  large 
influential  interests  because  he  has,  dur- 
ing the  past  six  months  been  seriously 
criticised  by  the  American  Bar  Associa- 
tion and  members  of  Congress,  for  hold- 
ing down  the  job  of  chief  umpire  in  base- 
ball at  a  salary  of  $42,500  per  annum. 
In  brief,  union  leaders  believe  the  judge 
was  anxious  to  make  a  hit  with  the  big 
interests  in  order  to  have  an  ally  to  sup- 
port his  retention  of  the  job  of  Federal 
Judge  and  umpire. 


THE  CHICAGO  SITUATION 

(By  Harry  Jensen,  President  of  the  Chicago  District  Council.) 


^|°o°oo<ffi°  jpggg  NDER  the  decision  of 
Judge  Sullivan  in  the  case 
of  Carpenters'  Union  vs. 
Citizens'  Committee  to 
enforce  the  Landis  award, 
the  Citizens'  Committee 
is  a  criminal  conspiracy.  The  court  con- 
demned the  acts  of  the  committee,  but 
refused  the  union  an  injunction  because 
one  carpenter  (out  of  18,000)  had  been 
seen  in  a  crowd  that  assaulted  two 
workmen ! 

On  the  undisputed  evidence  and  deci- 
sion of  the  court  in  that  case,  every 
member  of  the  Citizens'  Committee  can 
be  indicted,  convicted  and  sent  to  the 
penitentiary. 

This  Citizens'  Committee  is  largely 
made  up  of  enormously  rich  men  who 
have  inherited  or  grabbed  millions  from 
the  public,  and  are  now  posing  as  friends 
of  the  public!  Most  of  them  are  war 
profiteers.  A  few  mean  well,  but  they 
are  being  used  as  cats'  paws  by  sinister 
leaders.  If  they  want  to  help  the  pub- 
lic, why  do  they  violate  the  law,  as  the 
court  found  they  are  doing?  If  they 
really  want  to  help,  why  don't  they  dis- 
gorge part  of  their  own  ill  gotten 
millions?  Who  ever  helped  the  public 
by  forming  a  criminal  conspiracy?  The 
court  said  they  are  unlawfully  attacking 
the  carpenters.  Is  that  a  public  service? 
The  truth  is  that  this  self-appointed 
committee  is  part  of  a  nation-wide  or- 
ganization of  capitalists  who  have  set 
out  to  crush  labor  unions.  They  pretend 
they  want  to  "enforce  the  Landis 
award."  They  don't.  The  first  union 
they  attacked  was  the  Carpenters' 
which  was  never  a  party  to  the  Landis 
award.  Not  only  so,  but  this  committee 
has    actually    forbidden    contractors    to 


deal  with  the  Carpenters'  Union  even 
under  the  terms  of  the  Landis  award! 
They  threaten  to  ruin  any  contractor 
who  does  so. 

Millions  of  dollars  are  being  spent  in 
vicious  and  lying  propaganda  to  destroy 
labor  unions  throughout  the  United 
States.  These  capitalists  form  vast 
combinations  without  limit,  but  they  de- 
mand that  workmen  shall  deal  singly 
and  alone  with  such  combinations.  They 
are  seeking  to  deprive  workmen  of  all 
right  of  collective  bargaining,  a  right 
which  the  Supreme  Court  says  is  funda-' 
mental  and  absolutely  necessary  to  pro- 
tect workmen  from  oppression  and  deg- 
radation. 

The  Criminal  Citizens'  Committee  is 
the  enemy  of  all  workmen  and  of  the 
public.  They  have  grown  fat  off  of  the 
public,  and  with  smug  hypocrisy,  by  lies 
and  criminal  practices,  seek  to  destroy 
labor  unions  and  to  degrade  working- 
men. 

They  have  publicly  announced  that, 
even  if  the  Carpenters'  Union  offered  to 
accept  the  Landis  award,  they  would  not 
permit  it  to  do  so!  They  have  stated 
openly  they  would  "put  the  screws  on" 
any  contractor  who  employed  union  car- 
penters even  at  the  Landis  scale,  "by 
shutting  off  his  credit  at  the  banks." 
Their  real  aim  is  to  destroy  the  union. 

Can  any  self-respecting  workman 
yield  to  such  dictation  from  a  crimina' 
combination?  The  Constitution  guar- 
antees workmen  against  oppression  and 
slavery;  against  unlawful  interference 
and  dictation  from  strangers.  This 
committee  flouts  the  Constitution  and 
the  law.  It  sets  itself  above  the  law 
and  the  courts. 

To  cover  its  real  purpose,  it  blathers( 


THE     CARPENTER 


21 


about  graft  in  the  building  industry; 
it  palavers  to  rent  payers.  It  is  true  that 
there  has  been  graft  in  the  building  in- 
dustry. It  is  true  that  tenants  have  been 
gouged.  So  have  there  been  graft  and 
gouging  in  the  banking  industry ;  in  the 
retail  trade ;  in  the  coal  industry ;  in  city 
and  state  governments.  Where  has  there 
not  been  graft  and  gouging?  Who  has 
been  benefited  by  these  more  than  mem- 
bers of  the  Citizens'  Committee? 

All  the  carpenters  ask  is  to  be  allowed 
io  work  in  peace  for  contractors  who 
ivant  to  employ  them.  They  do  not  be- 
ieve  in  graft  or  gouging.  They  want 
o  see  grafters  prosecuted,  whether  they 
ire  members  of  the  union  or  Bankers 
)r  Retail  Merchants  or  members  of  the 
citizens'  Committee,  or  any  one  else. 

The  Carpenters'  Union  has  18,000 
nenibers  in  Chicago.  They  are  law 
ibiding  citizens  and  tax  payers.  The 
eeords  of  the  crimnal  courts  will  show 
hat  in  the  past  ten  years,  not  five  union 
arpenters  have  been  convicted  of  any 
erious  crime.  There  are  more  Bankers 
[han  Union  Carpenters  in  the  peniten- 
tiary. The  percentage  of  crime  among 
jmion  carpenters  is  less  than  one- third 
>  f  what  it  is  among  the  general  popula- 
[ion. 

The  constitution,    by-laws   and  work- 

ng  rules  of  the  Carpenters'  Union  have 

11  been  held  lawful  in  many  courts,  and 

jio  court  has  ever  held  any  part  of  these 

nlawful. 

During  the  war,  carpenters'  wages 
irent  up  70  per  cent,  while  the  cost  of 
iving  went  up  over  100  per  cent.  Build- 
ug  material  went  up  200  per  cent. 
Vages  now  stand  57  per  cent  above 
re- war,  while  building  material  is  over 
00  per  cent  higher,  and  going  up  again. 
On  a  large  building,  wages  of  carpen- 
?rs  aggregate  less  than  5  per  cent  of 
'ie  total  cost.     The  architect  alone  gets 


5  per  cent  to  7  per  cent;  the  contractor 
10  per  cent  to  20  per  cent;  and  the 
bank  that  makes  the  loan,  charges  as 
commission,  over  and  above  the  lawful 
rate  of  interest,  7  per  cent  to  20  per  cent 
of  the  loan.  The  Daily  Commission 
found  that  some  mortgage  bankers 
charged  as  high  as  30  per  cent  commis- 
sion and  7  per  cent  interest.  Some  of 
the  Citizens'  Committee  are  in  this  busi- 
ness. 

The  Carpenters'  Union  voluntarily  re- 
duced its  wages  15  cents  an  hour.  At 
the  present  scale,  the  average  carpenter 
earns  about  $1,600  a  year — about  one- 
half  the  amount  a  member  of  the  Citi- 
zens' Committee  spends  on  his  limou- 
sine. 

The  Carpenters'  Union  is  a  lawful  or- 
ganization !  It  is  of  the  utmost  value 
to  its  members.  Only  by  united  effort 
and  through  collective  bargaining  have 
workmen  ever  been  able  to  secure  from 
employers  decent  wages  and  working 
conditions.  Without  unions,  men  would 
still  be  working  15  hours  a  day,  eating 
dry  bread  and  living  in  hovels  and  in 
ignorance.  Employers  have  bitterly 
fought  every  step  of  industrial  progress. 
If  unions  are  destroyed,  workmen  will 
again  be  reduced  to  virtual  slavery. 

The  Carpenters'  Union  will  not  be 
destroyed-  No  Criminal  Committee  can 
take  from  the  carpenters  of  Chicago 
their  constitutional  rights  to  manage 
their  own  affairs.  Carpenters  may  be 
deprived  of  their  employment  by  this 
conspiracy ;  their  families  may  be  de- 
prived of  sufficient  food  and  shelter; 
but  with  the  consciousness  that  tkey  are 
right,  and  that  they  are  defending 
principles  of  the  utmost  importance  to 
themselves  and  to  all  posterity,  the 
union  carpenters  of  Chicago  defy  the 
Criminal  Citizens'  Committee  to  do  its 
worst. 


THE  BITUMINOUS  COAL  CONTROVERSY;  WHAT  IS  IT  ALL  ABOUT? 


c/g  OHN  L.  Lewis,  Interna- 
tional President  of  the 
United  Mine  Workers  of 
America,  clearly  stated 
the  principal  issue  in- 
volved in  the  present 
•ntroversy  between  the  miners  and 
ie  bituminous  coal  operators,  when  he 
jdd  in  a  speech  at  Shamokin,  Pa.,  on 
jinuary  17:  "We  do  not  expect  to  fol- 
w  the  non-union  worker  down  the 
dder  of  wage  reductions  to  the  morass 


of  poverty  and  degradation  which  pre- 
vails below ;  and  we  do  not  propose  to 
have  the  non-union  yardstick  applied  to 
our  standard  of  living. 

"Coal  operators  are  attempting  to 
force  the  bituminous  miners  to  accept  a 
reduction  in  their  wages  which  would 
place  them  on  a  level  with  the  non- 
union miners  of  West  Virginia,  Alabama 
and  other  fields  in  which  the  union  is 
kept  out  or  driven  out  by  armed  gunmen 
and    thugs    in    the    employ    of    the    coal 


THE    CARPENTER 


companies.  Mine  workers  in  these  non- 
union fields  are  helpless.  They  are  un- 
able to  enter  any  protest  against  wage 
reductions  or  any  other  whim  of  their 
employers  by  which  their  standard  of 
living  is  lowered.  Wages  always  have 
beene  lower  in  the  non-union  fields  than 
in  the  organized  fields,  because  of  this 
fact.  Non-union  miners  have  no  protec- 
tion and  must  take  what  is  offered  if 
they  are  to  work  at  all. 

When  two  large  and  powerful  groups 
of  operators  in  the  Pittsburg  field  and  in 
Southern  Ohio  served  notice  that  they 
would  refuse  to  meet  with  the  United 
Mine  Workers  this  month  to  negotiate 
a  new  wage  and  working  agreement  they 
served  notice  in  effect,  that  they  were 
out  to  break  up  the  miners'  union. 
Should  they  succeed  in  this  attempt  it 
would  mean  that  the  miners  of  those  two 
fields  would  be  reduced  to  the  level  of 
the  wretched  non-union  miners  of  West 
Virginia.  The  United  Mine  Workers 
will  not  permit  this  to  be  done. 

"In  announcing  their  refusal  to  meet 
with  the  miners  and  work  out  a  new 
agreement  to  take  effect  on  April  1st, 
these  operators  deliberately  violated 
their  written  contract  with  the  miners, 
which  they  signed  in  New  York  on 
March  31,  1920.  In  that  contract  was 
this  clause: 

"  'Resolved,  That  an  interstate  joint 
conference  be  held  prior  to  April  1, 
1922 ;  the  time  and  place  for  holding 
such  meeting  to  be  referred  to  a  com- 
mittee of  two  operators  and  two  mem- 
bers from  each  state  herein  represented, 
together  with  the  international  officials 
of  the  United  Mine  Workers  of  America.' 

"That  agreement  was  as  binding  as 
any  agreement  ever  signed  by  business 
men.  Refusal  by  the  operators  to  live  up 
to  this  agreement  was  a  shock  to  the 
public  conscience  and  an  assault  on  busi- 
ness morality.  It  was  so  indefensible 
that  President  Harding  denounced  their 
action  and  directed  Secretary  of  Labor 
Davis  to  call  upon  the  operators  to  live 
up  to  their  agreement  and  meet  with 
the  miners  in  an  honest  effort  to  work 
out  a  new  agreement. 

"One  of  the  prime  objects  of  these 
operators  in  staging  their  refusal  and 
their  violation  of  contract  was  to  bust 
the  union.  But  it  must  be  remembered 
also  that  there  are  millions  of  tons  of 
soft  coal  on  hand,  and  a  strike  scare 
always  boosts  the  selling  price,  thus 
giving  the  operators  a  fine  opportunity 


to  gouge  the  public  pocketbook  and  clean 
up  enormous  profits.  It  has  been  done 
before,  and  why  should  it  notbe  done  now? 

"One  of  the  excuses  the  operators  gave 
for  refusing  to  enter  a  conference  was 
that  the  miners  would  demand  an  in- 
crease in  their  wages,  and  that,  there- 
fore, it  would  be  useless  to  hold  a  con- 
ference. But  the  miners  did  nothing  of 
the  kind.  They  do  not  ask  for  an  in- 
crease, but  they  do  ask  that  the  present 
scale  of  wages  be  continued  in  effect  for 
another  two  years.  They  did  not  earn 
a  living  under  the  present  scale  in  1921, 
but  they  are  willing  to  take  the  chance 
with  it  for  another  two  years.  They 
pin  their  faith  to  the  hope  for  a  revival 
of  industry  in  the  next  two  years  that 
will  afford  them  steadier  employment 
and  thus  enable  them  to  make  a  living. 

"Bituminous  mine  workers  in  the  union 
fields  were  employed  only  on  an  aver- 
age of  about  125  days  in  1921.  This  is 
about  40  percent  of  full  time.  As  nearly 
as  it  can  be  ascertained  at  this  time, 
they  earned  an  average  of  approximately 
$700  in  1921,  which  is  about  $13.50  a 
week.  Every  person  who  has  to  buy 
food,  clothing  and  everything  else  for  a 
family  at  present  prices  knows  that  it 
is  impossible  to  keep  a  family  above  the  ' 
poverty  level  on  §13.50  a  week. 

"Statistical  experts  say  an  annnual 
wage  of  $1,870  is  necessary  to  keep  a 
family  of  man,  wife  and  three  children 
in  health,  decency  and  a  minimum 
amount  of  comfort  in  the  bituminous 
coal  mining  fields  of  the  country.  Mine 
workers  earned  less  than  half  that  sum 
last  year.  Yet  the  operators  propose  to 
reduce  their  wages. 

"In  the  six  year  period  from  1913  to 
1918  (and  in  1918  more  coal  was  pro- 
duced than  ever  before  and  all  records 
were  broken;,  the  average  annual 
earnings  of  bituminous  mine  workers 
throughout  the  country  were  $873.74. 
Surely,  it  cannot  be  said  that  the  miners 
are  earning  too  much  money  at  the  pres- 
ent rate  of  wages. 

"Coal  miners  are  not  responsible  for 
the  high  retail  price  at  which  coal  is  sold 
throughout  the  country.  J.  D.  A.  Mor- 
row, Vice-President  of  the  National  Coal 
Association,  cornnionly  known  as  the 
"Operators'  Union,"  testified  before  the 
Interstate  Commerce  Commission  a  few 
weeks  ago  that  the  average  selling  price 
of  bituminous  coal  in  the  United  States 
in  October,  1921,  was  $10.41  a  ton,  and 
that  the  miners  received  $1.97  a  ton  for 


THE    CARPENTER 


23 


producing  it.  In  other  words,  the  miners 
got  $1.97  for  producing  a  ton  of  coal 
that  was  sold  to  the  consumer  for 
$10.41.  "Who  got  the  other  $8.44? 
There  is  a  gouge,  but  the  miners  do 
not  get  the  money.  If  the  public  is  in- 
terested in  bringing  down  the  selling 
price  of  coal  they  must  look  beyond  the 
miners  for  the  way  to  do  it,  for  the 
miners  are  not  to  blame  for  the  high  prices. 

"Coal  companies  have  sought  to 
arouse  a  prejudice  against  the  United 
Mine  Workers  of  America  because  the 
Convention  of  the  union  declared  for  the 
6-hour  day  and  the  five  day  week,  and 
the  position  of  the  miners  on  that  issue 
has  been  both  misrepresented  and  mis- 
understood. Operators  say  the  miners 
want  more  pay  for  less  work.  That 
statement  is  not  correct.  Working 
steadily  thirty  hours  a  week,  the  miners 
can  produce  more  coal  than  the  country 
can  possibly  consume.  They  say  they 
prefer  reasonably  steady  employment 
six  hours  a  day  rather  than  irregular  and 
unsteady  employment  eight  hours  a  day. 
If  they  can  dig  all  the  coal  that  is  needed 
in  six  hours  why  should  they  be  required 
to  work  eight  hours,  they  ask. 

"They  want  the  assurance  that  they 
will  have  the  opportunity  to  work 
steadily  six  hours  a  day.  In  that  way 
they  can  make  a  living.  But  they  do 
not  and  cannot  make  a  living  under 
present  conditions. 

"The  check-off  is  another  issue  in- 
volved in  the  present  controversy  be- 
tween bituminous  miners  and  operators. 
The  check-off  is  not  generally  under- 
stood by  the  public.  Operators  have 
attempted  to  make  the  public  believe 
that  through  the  check-off  they  are  com- 
pelled to  contribute  to  the  maintenance 
and  upkeep  of  the  Miners'  Union,  and 
that,  therefore,  the  check-off  is  a  sinful 
practice  that  should  be  abolished.  The 
coal  operators  do  not  contribute  a  single 
cent  to  the  union.  The  check-off  does 
not  mean  anything  of  that  kind.  Here 
is  what  the  check-off  means:  A  mem- 
ber of  the  United  Mine  Workers  of 
America  authorizes  his  employer  in 
writing  to  deduct  from  his  pay  envelope 
a  small  part  of  his  wages,  already 
earned,  to  pay  his  dues  to  the  union.  The 
operator  makes  the  deduction  and  remits 
the  money  to  the  union,  just  as  he  de- 
ducts other  sums  and  pays  them  to  the 
doctor,  the  grocer,  the  landlord  or  any 
other  creditor.  An  operator  has  no  right 
to  deduct  any  money  from  the  miner's 


pay  envelope  without  the  written  order 
of  the  miner.  It  is  not  the  operator's 
money  that  he  sends  to  the  union.  It  is 
the  union  miner's  money. 

"Judge  Anderson,  in  the  Federal  Court 
at  Indianapolis,  decided  a  few  months 
ago  that  the  check-off  was  illegal  and  he 
issued  an  injunction  to  prohibit  its  con- 
tinuance. But  the  United  Mine  Workers 
appealed  to  the  United  States  Circuit 
Court  of  Appeals  and  that  court  com- 
pletely reversed  Judge  Anderson.  The 
higher  court  held  that  the  check-off  was 
entirely  legal  and  that  it  could  not  be 
enjoined.  At  that  hearing  Judge  Baker, 
presiding  judge,  said  the  check-off  was 
nothing  more  or  less  than  an  assignment 
of  wages  by  an  employe,  and  that  any 
employe  had  the  legal  right  to  make  such 
assignment. 

"Operators  say  they  intend  to  abolish 
the  check-off  by  refusing  to  agree  to  its 
continuance.  But  the  United  Mine 
Workers  will  not  permit  the  operators 
to  do  anything  of  the  kind.  The  check- 
off is  here  to  stay.  It  has  been  declared 
to  be  legal. 

"The  public  is  asking:  Will  there  be  a 
strike  by  coal  miners  on  the  first  clay  of 
April?  It  would  be  more  accurate  if  the 
public  were  to  ask  whether  there  will  be 
a  suspension  of  work  in  the  coal  mines 
on  April  1st.  There  is  a  vast  difference 
between  a  strike  and  a  suspension. 
Whatever  happens  on  the  first  of  April, 
it  cannot  be  correctly  designated  as  a 
strike.  When  workers  go  on  strike  they 
do  so  in  protest  against  some  wrong,  and 
because  they  have  a  grievance.  But  a 
suspension  is  an  entirely  different  propo- 
sition. If  the  miners  refuse  to  work  on 
the  first  of  April  it  will  be  because  they 
have  no  wage  agreement  whatever  with 
their  employers.  They  want  to  know 
what  they  are  to  get  for  their  labor  and 
under  what  conditions  they  are  to  work. 
They  want  to  know  these  things  before 
the  first  of  April.  If  they  do  not  find  out 
and  they  refuse  to  work  on  the  first  of 
April  it  willbe  a  suspension  and  not  a  strike. 

"The  United  Mine  Workers  of  Amer- 
ica do  not  want  a  suspension.  They 
want  to  work.  They  must  work  to  live. 
They  have  done  and  are  doing  every 
honorable  thing  within  their  power  to 
avert  a  suspension.  If  the  operators 
deal  fairly  with  them  there  will  be  no 
suspension.  But  there  is  this  difference 
between  the  miners  and  the  operators: 
the  operators  want  a  suspension,  while 
the  miners  do  not." 


Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 
THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

Published   on  the  loth   of  each   month  at  the 

CARPENTERS-   BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 
CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

PriU.ISHERS 

FRANK  DITFY,   Editor 

ScTssmirTioN  Price 
One  Dollnr  a  Yoar  in  Advance,  Postpaid 

The  publishers  and  the  advertising 
agent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail= 
able  to  them  against  accepting  advertise** 
ments  from  other  than  reliable  firms,  but 
do  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
contents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap= 
pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au= 
thorities.  Therefore,  address  any  com= 
plaints  to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,   APRIL,   1922 

Do  Your  Duty 

Do  you  do  your  duty  to  our  unions? 
Are  you  not  just  a  little  bit  careless  as  to 
its  welfare  and  progress?  Do  you  ever 
attempt  to  build  it  up?  Did  you  ever 
put  yourself  to  the  least  inconvenience 
to  get  new,  members?  These  are  ques- 
tions that  each  member  should  ponder 
over,  and  if  you  find  you  have  been  neg- 
lectful and  careless  in  the  past,  make  a 
new  start.  Remember  '"it  is  never  too 
late  to  mend.-'  Did  you  ever  notice 
when  something  special  has  to  be  done, 
or  when  the  ordinary  routine  work  of 
your  Union  has  to  be  performed,  that  the 
work  is  shifted  upon  someone  else,  usu- 
ally the  "willing  few,"  commonly  known 
as  the  "clique."  who  work  on  and  on 
until  energy   is   gone   and    patience   ex- 


hausted. The  others  take  things  calmly 
and  unconcernedly,  shirk  all  responsi- 
bilities, refuse  to  do  committee  work, 
only  attend  the  meetings  at  intervals, 
take  no  part  in  the  affairs  of  the  union, 
except  to  find  fault,  and  would  not  hold 
office  if  you  paid  them  for  doing  so. 

Listen  to  them  when  they  are  nom- 
inated to  fill  any  position  that  comes 
vacant,  and  you  hear  them  "most  re: 
spectfully  decline."  This  should  not  be. 
Is  it  any  wonder  that  the  pathway  of 
the  past  is  strewn  with  the  wrecks  of 
trade  organization?  Human  endurance 
has  its  limit.  Human  energy  its  end. 
It  cannot  be  expected  that  the  few  ar- 
dent faithful  workers  will  keep  up  their 
efforts  forever.  It  is  your  duty  to  assist 
them,  to  encourage  them,  to  take  a  more 
active  part  in  the  work  of  your  union, 
to  jump  into  the  breach  and  help  the 
"old  boys"  who  have  stood  the  brunt  of 
battle  in  the  past — to  gain  greater  and 
nobler  things.  We  all  have  an  equal 
interest  in  the  progress  of  our  organiza- 
tion, we  should  all  share  equally  in  the 
work  to  be  done  and  the  burden  to  be 
borne. 

Paying  "dues"  and  "assessments"  are 
not    the   only    "duties"    required    of   us. 
Every  man   must  do   more  than  that  if 
he  wants  his  union  to  be  successful.    The 
"labor  movement"   required   the  unflag- 
ging support  and  the  untiring  activity  oi 
every  member  within  its  folds.     If  yoi 
will  not  move  in  your  own  interest  yoi 
cannot  expect  others  to  make  sacrifices 
for  you.     Do  your  duty  and  do  it  well 
act   a   manly   part,    come   to   the    front 
Take  hold  of  the  helm.     Steer  clear  0: 
all  the  difficulties  you  can.     Encouragi 
your    fellow-members     to    do     likewise 
Make  your  meetings  interesting.      Wei 
come  all  visiting  members.     Invite  gooi 
speakers    to    address    you    on    the   labo 
question,  and  you  will  find  a  wonderfv 
change  take  place  in  a  short  time.     Ge 
out  and  "organize"  and  "organize"  an 
"organize." 

Follow  these  instructions  and  you  wi 
find  before  very  long  that  you  hav 
been  more  successful  than  ever  you  es 
pected  or  even  imagined. 


THE     CARPENTER 


25 


Against  the  Open  Shop 

Everybody  is  not  in  favor  of  the  "open 
shop."  "The  American  Pressman"  for 
the  month  of  January,  1022,  says: 

"All  employers  and  newspapers  are 
not  in  favor  of  the  'open  shop'  campaign 
now  being  waged  by  some  of  the  more 
radical  employers  at  the  command  of  big 
capital.  Sometimes  the  workers  read 
so  much  propaganda  against  their  or- 
ganization that  they  begin  to  believe 
that  only  trades  unionists  are  against 
the  'open  shop'  idea.  Then,  too,  the 
radicals  want  this  impression  to  be  reg- 
istered in  the  minds  of  real  unionists  so 
they  can  sow  their  seed  of  discord." 

The  Scripps-McRae  League  of  News- 
papers recently  opened  a  campaign 
against  the  un-American  open  shop.  The 
"Cleveland  Press,"  a  Scripps  paper,  lead- 
ing the  campaign  in  Ohio,  says: 

"A  man  or  woman,  not  a  member  of 
a  labor  union,  is  likely  to  say,  'Well, 
what  about  it?  What  do  I  care  about 
the  unions?  It  won't  make  any  differ- 
ence to  me  if  the  unions  are  smashed?' 

"But  it  will  make  a  difference  to  you. 
It  will  make  a  difference  to  all  of  us.  If 
the  open  shop  triumphs  generally,  fol- 
lowed as  eventually  it  must  be  by  reduc- 
tions in  wages  and  increases  in  working 
hours,  the  prosperity  of  the  entire  com- 
munity will  be  affected. 

"The  merchant  will  suffer  because  low 
wages  can't  buy  as  much  as  high  wages. 

"The  money  shortage  will  operate  all 
along  the  line  until  it  hits  the  profes- 
sional mau,  none  harder  than  the  doctor, 
the  dentist,  the  lawyer. 

"The  unorganized  worker,  whether  in 
shop  or  office,  suffers  because  it  is  im- 
possible to  injure  one  part  of  the  eco- 
nomic body  without  affecting  the  body 
as  a  whole. 

"We  are  of  two  groups,  we  Americans 
— those  who  can  live  without  working 
and  those  who  can't.  All  of  the  later 
group  will  be  affected  by  the  success  or 
failure  of  the  open  shop  movement  and 
a  good  many  of  the  former  group, 
whether  they  realize  it  now  or  not. 

"Hence  the  open  shop  movement  be- 
comes something  more  than  a  dispute 
between  corporations  and  unions.  It  is 
a  matter  of  vast  public  concern,  merit- 
ing the  sober,  analytical  attention  of 
every  believer  in  fair  play  and  the  main- 
tenance of  American  standards. 

"The  open  shop  almost  always  means 
the  closed  shop — closed  to  all  men  who 
believe  that  in  union   there   is   strength 


and  that  only  by  organizing,  as  their 
employers  are  organized,  can  they  obtain 
and  maintain  recognition  of  their  rights. 

"There  are  employers  who  say  they 
want  the  open  shop  merely  because  they 
dislike  to  deal  with  the  unions.  They 
say  they  are  for  high  wages  and  good 
working  conditions.  Doubtless  many  of 
these  men  are  sincere,  and  indeed  there 
are  today  factories  in  which  union  and 
non-union  men  work  side  by  side  at  a 
wage  rate  and  under  conditions  compat- 
ible with  the  union  standards.  But  the 
employer  hasn't  always  the  full  say.  He 
is  subject  to  circumstances  and  the  con- 
ditions of  competition.  Standing  to- 
gether, workers  can  resist  unfairness. 
Fighting  singlehandedly,  which  is  the 
only  kind  of  fighting  they  can  do  under 
the  open  shop,  they  can  accomplish 
nothing.  For  instance,  under  the  open 
shop  there  is  nothing  to  prevent  an  em- 
ployer from  taking  advantage  of  the 
present  widespread  unemployment,  driv- 
ing bargains  with  hungry  men — indivi- 
dually, not  collectively,  playing  off  one 
man  against  another,  whipping  them  one 
at  a  time.  Let  but  one  employer  in  an 
industry  adopt  this  policy  and  all  other 
employers  in  that  industry  would  be 
compelled  to  follow  suit.  They  would 
have  to  or  competition  would  put  them 
out  of  business. 

"It  is  an  undeniable  fact  that  under 
the  open  shop  an  employer  can  reduce 
wages  and  upset  working  conditions  and 
however  fair-minded  and  humane,  he 
will  do  this  rather  than  be  put  out  of 
business  by  competition. 

"Little  of  the  effect  of  the  open  shop 
can  be  seen  at  this  stage  of  the  war.  It 
will  be  years  before  the  full  crop  of  the 
open  shop  sowing  will  be  ripe,  but  the 
harvest  is  certain  and  the  fruit  will  be 
bitter. 

"Collective  bargaining  goes  by  the 
board  under  the  open  shop.  Without 
collective  bargaining  down  go  wages  and 
up  goes  hours  back  to  the  dark  ages  of 
industrialism  for  the  worker.  The  bosses 
being  organized  and  the  workers  being 
unorganized,  disorganized  really,  the 
bosses  fix  the  workers'  pay  as  they  will 
and  tell  them  how  many  hours  they 
must  put  in  for  it.  It  is  a  "take  it  or 
leave  it"  attitude,  with  all  the  advantage 
on  the  side  of  the  boss. 

"In  the  old  days,  before  men  organ- 
ized, the  condition  of  the  workers  was 
little  better  than  that  of  serfs.  The 
twelve-hour  and  fourteen-hour  workdav 


le 


THE     CARPENTER 


vv^s  common  ind  the  wage  paid  was  only 
enoui  t  krev  body  and  soul  together. 
Only  by  organization  has  labor  bi*ought 
about  its  present  standards. 

"In  this  fight  against  the  open  shop, 
a  big  responsibility  is  laid  upon  the 
unions  and  particularly  upon  the  union 
leaders.  Violence,  intimidation,  high 
handed  methods — these,  deplored  and 
condemned  by  the  great  mass  of  union 
men,  never  have  helped  the  cause  of 
labor  and  never  can.  Sober,  intelligent 
leadership,  honesty  and  openness  in  pub- 
lic dealings,  willingness  to  give  a  full 
day's  work  for  a  fair  day's  pay — these 
make  for  a  favorable  popular  opinion, 
and  it  is  popular  opinion  that  gains  the 
victory  for  one  side  or  the  other  in  every 
labor  dispute. 

"And  for  those*  outside  the  unions, 
bear  in  mind  that  there  is  no  genuine 
prosperity  save  that  born  of  protection, 
toil.  When  the  producers,  the  workers, 
have  no  money  there  is  no  money  for 
most  of  the  rest  of  us.  Business  is  bad. 
The  foundation  stone  of  all  material  well 
being  is  the  toiler.  Weaken  him  by  un- 
derpay and  overwork  and  you  weaken 
the  whole  social  structure.  And  the 
open  shop  in  its  final  application  means 
exactly  that — under  pay  and  over- 
worked, labor  prone  and  helpless  under 
the  heel  of  the  boss. 

"The    open    shop    works    its    greatest 
benefit  to  those  corporations  which  fat- 
ten on  the  misery  of  the  mass." 
*      *      # 

Encouraging  News 

In  a  newsy  letter  just  received  from 
N.  K.  Hatter,  Recording  Secretary  of  L. 
U.  No.  2220  of  Somerset,  Ky.,  he  gives 
quite  an  interesting  resume  of  conditions 
in  that  part  of  the  country  and  in  writ- 
ing particularly  about  his  Local,  he  says : 

"My  little  Local  of  31  members  are 
all  busy  and  are  not  complaining  of  hard 
times.  A  few  of  us  got  together  and 
bought  three  lots  and  built  two  houses 
on  them;  these  two  houses,  worth  about 
$9,000,  gave  four  of  us  work  all  the  win- 
ter and  I  see  no  reason  why  other  car- 
penters could  not  do  the  same." 

The  letter  is  interspersed  with  the 
writer's  quaint  philosophy  and  optimis- 
tic outlook  on  things  in  general.  We 
were  indeed  glad  to  receive  such  a  breezy 
letter  from  Brother  Hatter  at  this  time, 
and  only  wish  we  received  more  of  them 
from  other  parts  of  the  country  with 
such  encouraging  news. 


Causes  and  Remedies  for  Unemployment 

The  volume  of  unemployment  in  nor- 
mal times  is  sufficient  to  warrant  con- 
certed effort  on  the  part  of  economists 
and  business  men  to  remove  certain  of 
its  causes,  according  to  a  report  issued 
by  the  National  Industrial  Conference 
Board,  New  York  City.  This  report,  en- 
titled "The  Unemployment  Problem," 
survey  of  the  extent  of  unemployment 
during  normal  periods  and  during  the 
present  business  depression,  discusses 
the  cause  and  analyzes  the  remedies 
which  have  been  suggested  for  it. 

The  report  makes  a  careful  distinction 
between  idleness  and  unemployment, 
which  refer  to  very  different  conditions 
and  arise  from  different  causes. 

"Unemployment  is  clearly  not  an  oc- 
casional or  accidental  condition  to  be 
met  by  charitable  or  philanthropic  relief, 
but  a  continuing  condition,  at  times  be- 
coming acute.  Its  improvement  is,  in 
part,  an  industrial  problem  of  the  first 
magnitude.  It  concerns  so  large  a  num- 
ber of  industrial  workers  and  is  so  vital 
to  industry  through  its  effect  on  the  buy- 
ing power  of  communities,  as  well  as  for 
many  other  reasons  that  it  merits  the 
united  efforts  of  employers  and  the  pub- 
lic toward  understanding  its  causes  and 
devising  methods  for  its  reduction." 

In  attempting  to  remedy  the  causes 
of  unemployment  due  to  influences  op- 
erating outside  the  plan,  the  report 
points  out,  there  is  need  for  a  more  ade- 
quate system  of  collecting  and  dissemin- 
ating information  showing  the  trend  of 
prices,  the  actual  cost  of  operation  and 
revenues  from  industry. 

The  report  considers  also  certain 
emergency  measures  which  may  be  used 
to  start  the  industrial  system  on  the  up- 
ward road  to  prosperity,  such  as  part- 
time  work  for  shifts  of  workers  within 
the  plant  and  the  undertaking  of  con- 
struction work  and  repairs  within  the 
plant.  Other  emergency  measures  of 
value  are :  Reduction  in  prices  of  present 
stock  of  goods  held  by  middlemen;  re- 
vival of  the  building  industry;  the  un- 
dertaking of  public  construction  work, 
etc. 

The  report  emphasizes  finally  the  im- 
portance of  formulating  wise  political 
policies  in  connection  with  immigration, 
fiscal  procedure,  tariff  and  international 
relations,  all  of  which  have  an  important 
effect  upon  general  employment  condi- 
tions in  industry. 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE  UNITED  BROTHERHOOD 

OP 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.  COSGROVE 

Carpenters"  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
64G  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.  OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,  Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Seventh   District,   ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord  St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  CaD. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFY,   Secretary 

All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
3oard  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


NOTICE  TO  RECORDING 
SECRETARIES 
The  quarterly  circular  for  the  months 
of  April,  May  and  June,  containing  the 
quarterly  password,  has  been  forwarded 
to  all  Local  Unions  of  the  United  Broth= 
erhood.  Under  separate  cover  six  blanks 
have  been  forwarded  for  the  Financial 
Secretary,  three  of  which  are  to  be  used 
for  the  reports  to  the  General  Office  for 
the  months  of  April,  May  and  June,  and 
the  extra  ones  are  to  be  filled  out  in 
duplicate  and  kept  on  file  for  future  ref= 
erence.  Inclosed  therewith  are  also  six 
blanks  for  the  Treasurer,  to  be  used  in 
transmitting  money  to  the  General  Office. 
Recording  Secretaries  not  in  receipt  of 
this  immediately  should  notify  the  Gen= 
eral  Secretary,  Frank  Duffy,  Carpenters' 
Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

• 

Another  Local  Signs  Up 

We  have  just  received  word  from 
L.  U.  No.  2,4  of  Batavia,  N.  Y.,  that  they 
have  signed  up  an  agreement  with  the 
Batavia  and  New  York  AVoodworking 
Co.,  located  at  Batavia  for  another  year 
at  the  same  scale  as  at  present  with 
Saturday  a  half -holiday. 


Unemployment  Situation   In 
San   Francisco 

Upon  request  of  the  San  Francisco 
Building  Trades  Council,  the  San  Fran- 
cisco Labor  Council,  and  the  California 
State  Federation  of  Labor,  the  Board  of 
Supervisors  of  the  city  and  county  of 
San  Francisco,  passed  the  following  res- 
olutions, calling  upon  the  Mayor  to  issue 
a,  proclamation  advising  the  eastern 
press  of  the  unemployment  existing  in 
San  Francisco  and  vicinity  at  the  pres- 
ent time : 

"Whereas,  The  Board  of  Supervisors 
of  the  City  and  County  of  San  Francisco, 
by  appropriating  $25,000  from  the 
urgent  necessity  fund,  has  recognized 
the  existence  of  extraordinary  unem- 
ployment in  our  city ;  and 

Whereas,  The  various  welfare  agen- 
cies of  San  Francisco  are  now  meeting 
and  devising  ways  and  means  to  take 
care  of  the  thousands  of  destitute  unem- 
ployed now  in  this  community ;  and 


2S 


THE     CARPEXTER 


Whereas.  The  Ia:iu~:rial  Association 
of  San  Francisco  is  now  running  a  series 
of  advertisements  in  the  newspape: 
eastern  cities  that  there  is  a  scarcity  of 
building  trades  mechanics  in  San  Fran- 
cisco: and 

W_  :  -as.  It  is  a  well  known  fact  that 
many  skileld  mechanics,  residents  of 
San  Francisco,  are  now  out  of  work: 
and  it  is  a  further  undisputed  fact  that 
thousands  of  skilled  workers  formerly 
residing  in  San  Francisco  have  been 
induced  to  move  to  other  cities  because 
of  higher  wages  and  more  satisfactory 
conditions:  therefore,  be  it 

Besolved,  That  the  Board  of  Supervi- 
sors of  the  City  and  County  of  San  Fran- 
cisco, in  regular  session  assembled.  Feb- 
ruary 6,  1922,  respectfully  request  His 
Honor,  the  Mayor,  to  issue  a  proclama- 
tion setting  forth  existing  conditions  of 
unemployment  in  San  Francisco:  fur- 
ther 

Besolved,  That  copies  of  said  proc- 
.araatior  be  for— araea  :o  The  Mayors  of 
the  principal  eastern  cities. 

Thanking  you  in  advance,  and  with 
best  wishes,  we  remain. 

Yours  fraternally. 
BAY    COUNTIES    DISTRICT    COUNCIL 
OF  CARPENTERS. 

Y.   H.   MoLEAY.    Secy.-Treas. 


and 


The  .Mayor's  Proclamation 
To    the    People    of    San    Francisco 
Calif ornia : 

Throughout  the  United  States,  as  in 
the  countries  of  Europe,  the  period  of 
reconstruction  following  the  World  T* 
has  brought  about  an  unemployment  sit- 
uation with  which  every  community  has 
had  to  cope.  San  Francisco,  like  other 
cities,  has  an  unemployment  problem 
which  a  committee  of  public-spirited 
citizens,  appointed  by  me,  is  striving 
sincerely  to  solve. 

San  Francisco's  problem  is  compli- 
cated by  the  fact  that,  added  to  our 
own  numbers  of  unemployed,  hundreds 
of  thousands  of  others  are  attracted  here 
from  other  points  in  the  hope  of  obtain- 
ing work.  The  result  is  that  we  have 
not  enough  jobs  to  go  around,  and  vari- 
ous agencies,  whose  appeal  has  been  in- 
dorsed by  the  San  Francisco  Board  of 
Supervisors,  have  asked  me,  as  Mayor, 
to  issue  this  public  statement. 

We  are  bending  every  effort  toward 
finding  work  for  those  who  haven't  it. 
but  rhere  is  a  great  scarcity  of  openings. 
We  are  taking  care  of  our  own  citizens — 


married  men  and  ex-service  men  in  par- 
ticular— first  of  all.  I  would  strongly 
advise  unemployed  living  elsewhere 
against  coming  to  San  Francisco  at  this 
time,  unless  they  have  sufficient  means 
to  tide  them  over  a  period  of  depression 
or  have  a  job  in  advance,  because  the 
opportunity  for  employment  in  one's 
home  community  is  much  better  than 
it  is  here. 

Sincerely. 
JAMES   PYH.PH.    JR. 
Mayor  of  San  Francisco. 
February  10.  1922. 

Editor's  Yote — The  San  Francisco 
District  Council  requested  that  the  fore- 
going information  be  supplied  our  mem- 
bers and  readers. 


Another  Fake  Exposed 
The  Chamber  of  Commerce  at  Ama- 
ville,  Tex.,  has  been  extensively  ad- 
vertising through  the  press  for  help  and 
we  are  advised  by  our  Local,  at  that 
place,  that  conditions,  as  explained  in 
these  advertisements  are  false,  as  there 
are  hundreds  of  men  of  all  crafts  walk- 
ing the  streets  out  of  work. 


Notice 
We  have  been  requested  by  L.  U.  Yo. 
1  25  of  Columbia,  Mo.,  to  notify  mem- 
bers of  the  United  Brotherhood  not  to 
pay  any  attention  to  notices  appearing 
in  the  daily  press  relative  to  conditions 
at  that  place,  as  there  is  no  work  there 
for  members  of  our  craft.  Members 
contemplating  going  there  had  better 
communicate  with  the  Financial  Secre- 
tary of  the  Local  before  making  any 
arrangements. 


Information  Wanted 
J.  Rubin,  who  is  shown  in  the  accom- 
panying   photograph     was     formerly     a 
member    of   the   United   Brotherhood   in 


Detroit.  Any  one  knowing  of  his  where- 
abouts kindly  address  J.  Abramson.  516 
Laval  Ave..  Montreal,  Quebec,  Canada. 


Claims  Paid 


CLAIMS  PAID  DURING  THE  MONTH  OF  FEBRUARY,   1922 


:iaim        Name  of  Deceased  or          | 
No.                       Disabled 

Local 
Union 

Mem 
Yrs. 

bership 
Mos. 

Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 

Am't 
Paid 

1 

8 

22 

25 

53 

62 

62 

67 

81 

98 

181 

259 

279 

290 

364 

424 

537 

632 

637 

652 

772 

854 

1094 

3094 

1735 

1928 

2292 

14 

29 

47 

206 

261 

2S4 

295 

40S 

008 

757 

976 

1082 

1290 

1345 

1354 

1504 

2725 

44 

66 

67 

73 

74 

SO 

14S 

149 

260 

273 

273 

306 

349 

426 

554 

5S5 

620 

696 

741 

927 

994 

1155 

1155 

1184 

1294 

1290 

1307 

1380 

1575 

1799 

7 

8 

17 
17 
26 

8 
15 
15 
26 
10 

4 
13 
24 
23 

2 
22 
14 
33 
10 

9 
16 

2 

1 
15 
19 

5 

2 

1 
3 

4 
5 

22 
21 
28 

4 
12 
20 
33 

7 

2 
15 

2 

19 
21 
15 

27 

7 

18 

9 

4 

3 

17 

24 

20 

22 

28 

10 

18 

21 

5 

S 

s 

21 

5 

20 

20 

2 

12 

12 

21 

4 

3 

9 

12 

2 

19 

3 

21 

8 
8 
3 
5 
7 

11 
7 
0 
1 
6 
7 
2 
6 
7 
8 
8 
3 

11 
9 
9 
S 
2 
2 
3 
6 
5 
5 
3 
3 
7 
1 
5 
9 

10 
6 
2 
1 
5 
1 
5 
1 

11 
0 
0 

9 
9 
0 
2 
6 
9 
1 
9 
8 

3 

10 
8 
3 
4 
0 
7 
8 

11 
2 
1 
5 
5 
7 

11 
7 
5 
8 
8 
2 
4 
9 

$300  00 

I'.tTl   Margaret    H.    Craig 

1972  Peter    Joseph    McMahon.... 
tn73  Warren   H.  Weston 

7r,  mi 

300.00 
300.00 

t'»74    Adelaide    H.     Baker 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

4978Ernest    C.    Yidal 

200.00 

4979  J.   Enoch    Carlson 

300.00 

I'.iso  Marie    Gilberts    

75.00 

1981  L     J     Nichols 

300  00 

1982  Charles    Edward    Watson. .  . 

25.00 

75  00 

300.00 

1986  Joseph  F.  Foster 

75.00 

300.00 

1987  Marv    J.    Campbell 

75.00 

1988  August   Stengel    

125  00 

1989  Chester    W.    Osborn 

100.00 

1990  Robert   Guyon    

50  00 

300  00 

1982  Annie  Eberts      

75  00 

300.00 

25  00 

50.00 

[996  Louise  Casey    

75  00 

1997  J.    J.    Flvnn 

200  00 

300  00 

■000  Jacob    Sudder    

125.00 

300  00 

300.00 

002  David    I.    Arhuthnot 

200  00 

•"003  Marie    C.    Bertram 

75.00 

125  00 

300  00 

006  William    L.    McKee 

75  00 

Christopher    H.    Miley 

100.00 

300  00 

009  Gertrude  Harris  MacLachlan 

50.00 

75  00 

"1 1   William   H.    Paquette 

012  Max.   Moritz    

300.00 
300  00 

300.00 

014  Evelyn    Elizabeth    Conn 

75.00 

015  Charles    A.    Nelson 

300  00 

016  Effie    McQuarrie     

75  00 

017  Thomas   Dalziell    

2 1 

"Is  Varne  Shannon   King 

019  Lawrence  Keun    

75  00 

125  00 

!l-"  Marie    Von    Pein 

Diabetis     

75  00 

"21  Michael   Kavanaugh    

300.00 

125.00 
300  00 

"-1  John    Frederick    Betz 

125.00 

025  Marcus    W.    Harris 

125.00 

026  Frank    Trabold     

300.00 

'  H'orge  R.   Donaldson 

300.00 

028  I>aniel  McCarthy   

300.00 

•29  Perl    Gelder    

75.00 

•30  Adam   Poter  Kandle 

300.00 

•31  Charles    P.    Cates 

75.00 

Emma  White    

75.00 

>33  Ella    L.    Durgv 

75.00 

•34  Marv  Jane   Waite 

50.00 

•35  Charles   A.   Weber.  . 

75.00 

•36  Frank   Doup    

1 25.HO 

>3]    Amos    B.    Goodell 

300.00 

38  Amzie  Lou  Ella  Thomas... 

75.uO 

'■;'•'  Noma   Ellen   McMorrow 
'->"  Delia   King    

75.00 
75.00 

■J*l   Frank  William  Hatcher.. 

125.00 

'  '4-  John    E.    Waite 

100. 00 

•  143  Alberta   Wriggitt    

75.00 

*  Hannah  Johnson    

7  5.  (XI 

"  45  John  .Selfridge    

300.00 

30 


THE    CARPENTER 


Claim 

No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 

Disabled 


Local 

Union 


45046  Alice  E.   Robertson 

45047  Hulbert  Link    

4504S  Margaret   Mooney    

45049  Henrietta    J.    Jodray 

45050  Lena   Bill    

45051  Elmer    E.    South-worth 

45052  John   Roddy    

45053  Barnet   Goldberg    

45054  Marie  Yeuillette  Julien 

45055  Victoria  Wvnn    

45056  Robert  E.   Poe 

45057  William  A.   Carter    (Dis.)  .  .  . 
4505S  Lula   M.   Buckles 

45059  Ole    C.    Olsen 

45060  Mathias    Reichert    

45061  Josephine  H.  Eagles 

45062  Margaret    Timberg    

45063  Mvrtle    J.    LaMar 

45064  Claudina  S.  Padilla  Roman.. 

45065  Anna    Kathern    Hounihan... 

45066  William  E.   Cook 

45067  Edwin    Taylor    

4506S  Matey    Simecek    

45069  William    Henry    Brooks 

45070  Vera  M.   Phifer 

45071  Laure    Anna    Anclaire 

45072  Samuel   C.   Ramsey 

45073  Samuel   A.    Landon 

45074  Emil     Chilean     

45075  Edward  Maher 

45076  Frank   Lohne    

45077  David    B.    Jackson 

45078  George    Davidson     

45079  Margaret   Wallgram    

450S0  Ottie    Bell    Kneislev.  .  . 

45081  Mrs.  A.  G.  Kerlev 

45052  Rav   Nelson   Miller 

45053  John    Malone    

45084  Theodore  Nolde    

45055  J.    Paul    Newcomer 

45056  Margaret  Leonra  Poundstone 

45087  Vernon    Logan    Bavles 

450SS  Hazel    Carnahan    

45089  Christine   Knapp    

45090  James  Frampton    

45091  Ida   Jane    Rav 

45092  Konrad   Philippi    

45093  Genevieve    Erickson    

45094  Oscar   N.   Nelson 

45095  Conner    Hine    

45096  Pietv    Jacobs    

45097  Alice    Isabel    Scott 

45098  Marie   McCanley    

45099  Kelson   E.    Sherburne 

45100  Amelia   M.    Reichert 

45101  Jennie    Hoke    

45102  Thomas   Gilligan    

45103  John    H.    Thompson 

45104  Henry    Canfield    

45105  Harriete    E.    Suddard 

45106  Martha   N.   Prestage 

45107  Johanne   DeGroot    

45108  Phebia    Eichler    

45109  George  F.   Ailshie 

45110  Jocab    Goldstein     

45111  John   J.    Richards 

45112  Reinhard    Fuelle    

45113  E.  S.  Sharpe,   (Dis.) 

45114  Edna    Alberta    Griffith 

45115  George  W.  Rogers,    (Dis.)  . 

45116  Olie    Moulder     

45117  Mary    Kalfos    

4511S  Nana    Belle    Mosby 

45119  Herman   Erdman    

45120  Lewis   J.    Garfield 

45121  Cornelius   F.   Reynolds.  .  .  . 

45122  May    F.    Patton 

45123  Florence    Bowen     

45124  H.    M.    Johnson 

45125  Alfred    Butcher    

45126  Charles     G.     Johnson 

45127  Netta    T.     Sanders 

45128  Thomas    M.    Smith 

45129  John   H.   Allen.    (Dis.) 

45130  Henrv   D.    Landahl 

45131  Winifred    Deane    

45132  Lelia    Davis    

45133  Bertha    Voss     

45134  Thomas  Malloy    ,.,,,,,,, 


26 
26 
33 
33 

47 

81 

90 

157 

134 

169 

331 

483 

681 

787 

808 

819 

1051 

1095 

1195 

1405 

1405 

1456 

14S3 

1562 

1704 

1793 

1906 

112 

131 

155 

246 

384 

449 

514 

526 

555 

711 

804 

957 

1010 

1480 

1618 

10 

11 

16 

23 

42 

5S 

58 

75 

75 

75 

122 

153 

207 

228 

338 

424 

655 

673 

688 

791 

993 

1399 

1750 

11 

75 

83 

186 

198 

207 

416 

427 

440 

501 

532 

561 

608 

655 

808 

808 

842 

912 

1188 

1297 

1888 

2310 

420 

736 


Membership 
Yrs.   Mos. 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 


14 

25 

13 

10 

4 

12 

31 

3 

2 

23 

2 

25 

1 

2 

32 

1 

19 

2 

2 

3 

16 

3 

13 

13 

7 

1 

3 

15 

7 

14 

16 

21 

8 

24 

2 

9 

4 

15 

20 

2 

2 

4 

11 


13 

34 

7 

20 

1 

9 

13 

4 

22 

32 

4 

3 

2 

18 

1 

20 

9 

5 

1 

9 

10 

32 

2 

4 

13 

23 

10 

16 

9 

13 

10 

9 

19 

5 

37 

24 

7 

14 

15 

18 

2 

2 

11 


7 
7 
0 
4 
10 
10 
9 
7 
9 
4 
S 
1 
5 
2 
3 
6 
8 
6 
4 
11 


10 
3 
5 

10 

11 
7 
3 
7 
3 
9 
5 
7 
6 
8 
9 
5 
1 
9 
8 
0 
3 
1 
2 
3 
4 
1 

10 
9 
2 


11 
7 
3 
6 
2 

10 
1 
7 
4 
3 
3 
2 
8 

11 
1 
8 

11 
1 
9 
9 
4 
6 
5 
4 
6 
9 
5 

11 
8 
9 
5 
6 
1 
2 
6 
4 


Heart  trouble 

Meningitis  

Nephritis    

Cirrhosis   of   liver.  .  . 

Pneumonia    

Empyema     

Myocarditis    

Tuberculosis    

Cancer    

Empyema     

Aneurysm    

Accidental     

Meningitis    

Myocarditis    

Pneumonia     

Tuberculosis    

Heart  trouble 

Pneumonia    

Toxemia 

Accidental    

Endocarditis 

Heart  disease 

Tuberculosis    

Dementia    

Endocarditis    

Placenta  praevia    .  .  . 

Epilepsy 

Pneumonia    

Carcinoma   

Atrophy    

Asthma    

Pneumonia    

Anaemia    , 

Heart  trouble 

Diabetis    

Peritonitis     

Tuberculosis    

Accidental    

Cancer    

Homicide    

Smallpox    

Goitre    

Heart  disease   

Diabetis    

Carcinoma   

Myocarditis   

Endocarditis    

Nephritis    

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    

Stokes-Adams    disease 

Myocarditis     

Toxemia 

Ulcer    

Heart  failure    

Heart  trouble 

Heart  trouble 

Accidental    

Carcinoma   

Placenta    

Cancer    

Carcinoma   

Intestinal  obstruction 

Tuberculosis    

Pneumonia    

Myocarditis    

Myocarditis   

Accidental    

Bright's  disease 

Strain    

Carcinoma   

Pneumonia    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Tuberculosis    

Nephritis    

Cancer    

Apoplexy   

Tuberculosis    

Myocarditis   

Heart    trouble    

Apoplexy    

Cancer    

Accidental     

Uraemia 

Tuberculosis    

Diabetis    

Mitral    regurgitation 
Accidental     


THE     CARPENTER 


31 


"laim        Name  of  Deceased  or 
No. Disabled 

45135  Frederick    Trembly    

45136  Thomas  M.   Smallwood   (Dis) 

45137  Frank    Distel    

45138  |Robina   Bruce   K.    Clarke... 

45139  Martha    Royals    

45140  Mary    Schoenheider     

45141  Frances    Schweitz    

45142  Frances    Pfletschinger    

45143  Thomas    P.    obbins 

45144  Mina  Gaffney   

45145  Finer    Osbakken     

45146  Thomas    F.    Kane 

45147  Arsene  S.   Sarrazin 

45148  Leda    Beaudry    

45149  Ellen    Grace    Doll 

45150  Rainy  Karrman   

45151  Anne  Johnson    

45152  Frank  Wasuk   

45153  Theresa    Gelcich     

45154  Sarah    M.    Chrlsholm 

45155  Edward    E.    Brown 

45156  Albert  Provost   

45157  Ferdinand  Ott    

45158  J.  Stewart  MacDonald  (Dis.) 

45159  Marshall  J.  Riggs 

45160  Ethel    May    Laird 

45161  Robert  L.    Gardner 

45162  E.  J.  Owens 

45163  John   S.  Anderson 

45164  Carl    Brandt     

45165  Harry   Zundel   Fox 

45166  John   D.   Cowper 

45167  Horace  W.  Joscelyn 

4516S  Alvina    Francis    Bruemmer.  . 

45169  Carl   Larsen    

45170  Edward    C.    Ash 

45171  Rose    Fitzpatrick     

45172  William   P.    Donaldson 

45173  Katharina   Sadrof    

45174  C.  W.  Tucker 

45175  Stella    Douglas     

45176  Nils    Nelson    

45177  Adolph    Stark     

45178  William    George    Glassey.  .  .  . 

45179  Peter  J.  Wolff 

45180  Herman    Rolf     

45181  Herbert  H.  Lodge 

45182  Louise  Grace  Carmine 

45183  Mary    A.    Amos 

45184  L.   N.   Carr 

45185  John    Krause    

15186  August   Scheidbach    

45187  Ole    Johnson     

45188  Elizabeth    Coulter    . 

15189  Charles   J.    Hagen 

15190  Ethel   L.   Blackstock 

115191  Louis    H.    Menne 

15192  Susan  Emma  Faux 

;  15193  Theodore    Wickford     

15194  Vertna   Snell   Walliusrf ord .  .  . 

;"  15195  Ada    Frick    

1 15196  William  Wiseman    

15197  John    H.    Gerhard 

15198  Mamie    Poteet    

1 15199  Wilbur   Russell    Comstock .  .  . 

!  >5200  Edward  Ziegler    

i  5201  James    LaFayette    Smith.... 
i  .5202  George    W.    Bell 

5203  Maria  Pignone   

5204  Michael    Kristof    

I  5205  Frank  W.  Chard 

5206  Matthew    Theisen    

5207  Peter    Allen    Lette 

5208  William   A.    Kilby 

I  5209  Nicholas  Stahl    • 

i  5210  Marshall    M.    Newton 

!  5211  Margaret    Francis    Morris... 

5212  William   K.    Watson 

5213  Arthur   H.    Curran 

i  5214  Edith   May   Fenner 

!  5215  Axel  Blackrud    

!  5216  Daniel    A.    McDonald 

[5217  Charles    E.    Bennett 

,5218  Jane    Enright     

5219  Ira   J.    Bailev    (Dis.) 

5220  Michael   Merdinger    

5221  William    A.    Hazelbaker 

5222  Geza    Lakatos    

">223  Joseph   W,    Sheckleton 


Local 
Union 


1108 

1535 

1621 

27 

52 

183 

257 

264 

266 

278 

361 

595 

920 

1127 

1345 

7 

7 

9 

42 

51 

67 

96 

105 

132 

136 

183 

185 

198 

282 

1013 

509 

595 

766 

854 

1246 

1260 

1564 

1743 

1784 

2146 

11 

51 

62 

122 

192 

261 

362 

384 

483 

716 

742 

772 

948 

1023 

1143 

1412 

16 

36 

51 

64 

90 

101 

182 

198 

211 

257 

276 

283 

325 

879 

910 

916 

1174 

1307 

1401 

1499 

1650 

1852 

67 

104 

131 

218 

223 

273 

281 

349 

437 

608 

623 


Membership  | 
Yrs.       Mos.  I 


8 

2 

8 

2 

4 

16 

7 

25 

18 

8 

15 

15 

18 

2 

4 

8 

19 

2 

14 

18 

9 

33 

9 

14 

18 

1 

7 

18 

22 

7 

6 

19 

16 

17 

10 

1 

3 

6 

9 

2 

8 

15 

12 

6 

20 

3 

13 

6 

15 

21 

8 

3 

6 

7 

16 

6 

11 

16 

9 

5 

9 

21 

20 

11 

16 

24 


4 
16 

9 
11 

4 
20 
14 
14 

3 

1 
12 

4 

7 
22 
23 
25 
14 
21 

7 
22 
13 


4 
1 

7 
c» 
3 
7 
9 

10 
9 
2 
1 
7 
9 
3 
1 
4 
9 

11 
4 
9 
8 
7 
0 
8 

11 

11 

11 
0 
8 
2 

11 
7 
6 
3 
2 
8 
3 
2 
2 
7 
6 
6 

10 

11 
9 

10 
8 

10 
9 
6 
8 
1 
7 
4 
6 

11 
7 
3 
3 
5 
9 


0 

7 
10 
10 

1 


5 

3 

11 

8 

5 

2 

1 

6 

2 

10 

11 

10 

4 

9 

3 

3 

1 


Cause  of  Death  or 
Disability 

Myocarditis    (Bal.)     .... 

Accidental    

Pneumonia    

Carcinoma   

Myocarditis    

Myocarditis    

Arterio   sclerosis    

Arterio   sclerosis    

Heart  disease   

Exhaustion    

Anaemia    

Diabetis    

Nephritis    

Bronchitis     

Heart  disease 

Nephritis    

Myocarditis   

Tuberculosis    

Heart  trouble 

Peritonitis     

Carcinoma    

Carcinoma    

Pneumonia    

Accidental    

Cancer    

Eclampsia    

Accidental     

Myocarditis     

Syncope    

Pneumonia    

Oedema    

Pneumonia    

Cancer    

Pneumonia    

Cerebral    hemorrhage    .  . 

Influenza    

Cancer    

Alcoholic  poisoning 

Pneumonia    

Arterio    sclerosis    

Embolism     

Cerebral    hemorrhage    .  . 

Apoplexy     

Accidental    

Apoplexy     

Pneumonia    

Pneumonia     

Tuberculosis    

Myocarditis   

Arterio   sclerosis    

Heart    trouble    

Heart    trouble    

Angina  pectoris    

Myocarditis     

Cancer    

Pneumonia    

Apoplexy    

Pneumonia    

Apoplexy     

Hemorrhage    

Enteritis    

Pneumonia    

Septicaemia     

Cancer    

Nephritis    

Carcinoma     

Nephritis    

Aortic  insufficiency 

Oedema    

Pneumonia    

Appendicitis    

Carcinoma    

Pneumonia    

Cancer    

Carcinoma     

Heart    trouble    

Hemorrhage    . 

Pneumonia    

Tumor    

Aortic    stenosis    

Goitre 

Apoplexy    

Endocarditis    

Cirrhosis   of   liver 

Accidental    

Heart    disease    

Nephritis    

Suicide     

Apoplexy    


Am't 
Paid 


225.00 
100.00 

75.H0 
50.00 

75.00 
75.00 
75.00 

75.00 

125.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

50.00 

75.00' 

300.00 

75.00 

100.00' 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00' 

300.00' 

300.00' 

400.00' 

300.00 

25.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

50.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

25.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

50.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

125.00 

300.00 

150.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

125.00 

200.00 

300.00 

300.00 

125.00 

75.00 

50.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

400.00 

300.00 

300.00 

300.00 

125.00 


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THE     CARPENTER 


Claim 
No. 


Name  of  Deceased  or 
Disabled 


Local 
Union 


Membership 
Yrs.       Mos. 


Cause  of  Death   or 
Disability 


Am't 
Paid 


45224Augusta    Amelia    Hjertstedt.  . 

45225  Rachel   Iona    Six 

45226  Joseph    J.    Culbert 

45227  May    Strom     

45228  Joseph   Olsen    

45229  Elizabeth  Turnbull    

45230  Minna   Berry    

45231  Patrick    J.    Murphy 

45232  William   Henry   Kewley 

45233  Carrie    Magoon    

45234  Mary   Leduc    

45235  Henry    A.    Morrison 

45230  Hattie  Drayton    

45237  Oscar  Forster   Orn 

45238  Charles  F.  Weaver 

45239  Janet    Elizabeth    Shaud 

45240  Arthur    S.    Darling 

45241  Earl    W.     Heller 

45242  Avila   Chevallier    

45243  Charles    B.    Fitch 

45244  Lucinda    Mandley    

45245  Leslie    McCoy     

45246  Christopher  Gallagher    

45247  Alfred   B.    Davenport 

45248  Robert    M.    McCann 

45249  Frances   Mangis   Knox 

45250  Sarah    Guenther    

45251  Marcien    Dubrulo    

45252  W.    Dana   Hilt 

45253  Oscar   Henry    Sweet 

45254  Mollie   Moskowitz    

45255  Frederick  Fisch    

45256  Delbert    Stanford     

45257  August   Schubert    

45258  Charles    A.    Holten 

45259  Ellis   Resinger    

45260  Joseph   Emmett   Powell 

45261  David    Baird     

45262  Martin    Olson     

45263  Joseph   Lavigneur    

45264  Marie    Anna    Mock 

45265  Morris    Neville     

45266  John   Raslavich    

45267  Andros    B.    Crockett 

45268  Bertha  E.  Johnson 

45269  David    Wade     

45270  George  L.  Newhouse 

45271  John    Wesley    Lidy 

45272  Christian  W.  Hasdorff  (Dis.) 


1060 

1326 

1432 

2315 

5 

10 

10 

11 

13 

23 

40 

52 

62 

75 

162 

532 

563 

585 

645 

713 

716 

895 

948 

1007 

1181 

1345 

1354 

1468 

1564 

1782 

1784 

2368 

2 

36 

73 

73 

87 

87 

134 

181 

218 

261 

642 

808 

1108 

1261 

1296 

1762 


19 
9 
5 
2 

1 

3 

25 

26 

8 

25 

12 

20 

5 

15 

9 

9 

5 

2 

37 

19 

5 

12 

2 

19 

1 

5 

15 

19 

7 

4 

2 

15 

1 

30 

19 

8 

6 

16 

6 

3 

5 

10 

7 

9 

25 

5 

13 

22 

1 


4 

5 
7 

4 
4 
7 
S 
S 
10 
1 
3 
5 
3 


4 
4 
0 
1 
10 
10 
8 
5 
11 
6 
9 
2 
6 
2 
11 
5 
6 
6 
6 
1 
8 
1 
2 
1 
5 
9 
3 
8 
1 
11 
10 


Peritonitis     

Heart    disease    .  .  . 

Pneumonia    

Heart  trouble  .... 

Appendicitis    

Pneumonia    

Heart  trouble   .... 

Thrombosis    

Tuberculosis    

Myocarditis     

Heart  disease   .... 

Hemorrhage    

Pellagra    

Abscess    

Myocarditis     

Septicaemia     

Nephritis    

Asphyxiation 

Phthisis     

Meningitis    

Accidental    

Hemorrhage    

Nephritis     

Tuberculosis    ..... 

Pneumonia    

Paralysis    

Hemorrhage    

Cancer   

Arterio   sclerosis    . 

Heart  trouble 

Heart  trouble 

Nephritis    

Influenza    

Uraemia    

Cerebral    hemorrhaj 
Heart    disease 

Appendicitis 

Nephritis    , 

Carcinoma     

Pneumonia    

Pneumonia    

Pneumonia     

Accidental     

Apoplexy    

Endocarditis    

Pneumonia    

Nephritis     

Accidental     

Accidental   


75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

50.00 

50.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

100.00 

300.00 

300.00 

75.00 

300.00 

100.00 

300.00. 

50.00 

75.00 

75.00 

300.00 

75.00 

50.00 

50.00 

252.75 

50.00 

300.00 

125.00 

300.00 

300.00 

125.00 

300.00 

150.00 

75.00 

125.00 

300.00 

75.00 

75.00 

75.00* 

125.00 

300.00 

50.00 


Total $50,849.72 


141  Full  beneficial  claims $36,649.72 

46  Semi-beneficial  claims   4,425.00 

108  Wife's   claims 7,525.00 

8  Disability    claims 2,250  00 


303 


$50,849  72 


DISAPPROVED  CLAIMS  PAID  DURING  THE  MONTH  OF  FEBRUARY,  1922 


Claim         Name  of  Deceased  or 
No. Disabled 

5253  Jos.    Pischnela    

5254  Willard  B.  Wixon.  : 

5255  Stephen    E.    Lally 

5256  Olga   Linca  Laine , 

5257  Thomas    Harris    

5258  Pauline  Englebrecht   .... 

5259  Eva  Fox    

5260  Emily  Buffe    

5261  Sylvia    M.    Witter 

5262  Louis  Enzian    , 

5263  Frank    Hartz    

5264  John   B.    Faubion    (Dis.). 

5265  George    W.    Timby    (Dis.) 

5266  Martin  Reagan    , 


Local 
Union 

Membership 
Yrs.   Mos. 

182 
327 
338 
787 
842 
1055 
1117 

22 
5 
4 
4 

16 
8 
4 

6 
5 
2 
0 
1 
9 
3 

1208 

3 

10 

1295 

1 

9 

1474 
1546 
1907 
1980 

5 
2 
3 
0 

3 

2 
8 
0 

2375 

1 

11 

Cause  of  Disap- 
proval 


Am't 
Cl'm'd 


Three  months  in  arrears 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Not   filed   within    six   months.. 

Section   48    

Not  filed  within  six  months.  .  . 

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Semi,  not  entitled  to  wife  do- 
nation     

Wife  ill  when  member  was  ad- 
mitted     

Three  months  in  arrears 

Three  months  in  arrears 

Arrears    

Semi,  not  entitled  to  disability 
donation    

Semi,  not  two  years  a.  member 


$300.00 
75.00 

200.00 
75.00 

300.00 
75.00 

75.00 

75.00 

25.00 
300.00 
100.00 
200.00 


25.00 


CorrQspondQncQ 


Another  Problem 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

Many  craft  problems  have  been  pub- 
lished in  "The  Carpenter"  Journal  that 
have  rendered  material  help  and  guid- 
ance to  thousands  of  our  fellow  members 
in  earning  their  bread  and  butter.  But 
why  does  a  man  write  and  analyze  a 
craft  problem  in  detail  so  that  other 
members  thousands  of  miles  away  may 
derive  benefit  of  his  knowledge  and  ex- 
perience? Is  it  not  because  the  United 
Brotherhood  carries  with  it  the  germ  of 
fraternity  ? 

Here  is  a  problem  that  the  writer  ap- 
peals to  the  editor  of  "The  Carpenter" 
to  publish  it  and  equally  appeals  to  fel- 
low members  to  answer  it  to  the  best  of 
their  knowledge  and  experience,  which 
may  result  in  benefiting  the  writer  and 
perhaps  many  others  of  our  Brotherhood. 

The  writer  met  with  an  accident  on  a 
job  which  resulted  m  an  incomplete 
hernia.  Four  surgeons  were  consulted. 
Two  advised  an  operation,  and  two  ad- 
vised to  wait  until  there  was  a  complete 
hernia  before  an  operation  was  per- 
formed. 

I  am  not  very  anxious  to  have  an  op- 
eration performed,  first,  because  of  not 
being  any  too  storng  physically  at  this 
time,  second,  because  I  have  personally 
come  in  contact  with  fellow  members 
at  different  times  who  have  assured  me 
in  a  most  sincere  and  friendly  way  that 
they  have  made  spontaneous  recovery 
from  hernia  without  operations  and  with 
hardly  any  loss  of  time.  But  I  made 
no  notation  of  their  experience,  as  I  was 
not  interested  at  that  time  for  myself 
or  knew  anyone  else  that  needed  a  mes- 
sage of  help  to  whom  I  could  convey. 
But  at  present,  the  information  and  ad- 
vice from  personal  experience  of  those 
who  have  been  fortunate  in  making 
spontaneous  recovery  from  hernia  or  by 
resorting  to  the  injection  method  or  any 
other  method,  thus  avoiding  the  scalpal, 
would  be  of  great  encouragement  and 
help  to  me  and  other  members  who  may 
be  similarly  situated. 

It  is  perhaps  fit  at  this  time,  to  recall 
a  few  words  from  an  article  which  ap- 


peared recently  In  a  physical  culture 
journal.  It  read  in  part:  "Unfortunately 
during  the  last  thirty  years  this  country 
has  suffered  from  surgical  mania. 
Where  one  operation  has  been  necessary, 
ten  have  been  performed.  A  large 
amount  of  this  unnecessary  surgery  has 
been  performed  on  the  abdominal  or- 
gans. An  incision  is  made  through  the 
abdominal  wall  and  unless  this  wall  is 
properly  sewed  up,  there  is  apt  to  be 
a  surgical  hernia.  It  would  be  just  as 
well  to  let  nature  cure  it." 

Those  brothers  who  believe  that  their 
information  in  bringing  about  a  recovery 
from  hernia  would  be  of  benefits  to  me 
will  kindly  address 

MARK  GORDON. 
1036  S.  Bonnie  St.         Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


Stabilizing  the  Dollar 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

As  the  Fifth  Annual  Convention  of  the 
National  Federation  of  Federal  Em- 
ployes, .which  was  held  in  New  Orleans 
in  September,  1921,  a  resolution  was 
adopted  placing  the  organization  on 
record  as  being  in  favor  of  a  bill  (H.  R. 
5513)  introduced  in  the  House  by 
Congressman  Hustecl  of  New  York.  This 
bill  contemplates  the  creation  of  a  mon- 
etary commission  for  the  study  and  de- 
velopment of  a  plan  for  stabilizing  the 
purchasing  power  of  the  dollar. 

It  is  believed  that  this  subject  is  of 
fundamental  importance  to  labor  and 
that  Organized  Labor  in  general  should 
make  a  careful  study  of  the  same.  We 
have  recommended  such  action  to  the 
officers  and  members  of  our  Locals,  and 
the  matter  is  brought  to  the  attention 
of  your  organization  for  such  considera- 
tion as  may  be  deemed  advisable. 
Fraternally  yours, 

LUTHER   C.    STEWARD, 
President,   National   Federation   of  Fed- 
eral Employes. 


RESOLUTION  NO.   7S 

Adopted  By  the  New  Orleans 

Convention 

September,   1921 

George  J.  Hill, 


THE     CARPENTER 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

It's  On  the  Level 

The   First   ioorc    Adjustable 

No  Holes  To  Cut 

Specially     designed     tor     progressive 

mechanics  and  to  take  place  of  level 

,or  plumb  bob. 


adjnstables 
in  working  fea- 
tures. 

Attach  to  any 
length  straight 
edge     your 

work  requires. 

For  _  ah   i;:ih    c: 


quickest  to  ad- 
just. 

Frame  C.  B.  steel 
finished  in  Nickel 
and  Black  mat 
rust  proof  pro- 
cess. Everj  cit 
guaranteed. 


Member  L.  U.  434,  Inventor.    Pocket  size 
3Jx4.     Have  your  dealer  supply  you,  if  he 
cannot,  send  ns  his  name  and  your  money 
order  and  we  will  mail  to  yon  direct. 
Price   Si. 25 

THE  UNION  LEVEL  SALES  CO. 


1th    Street 


Chicago. 


Auto  Owners 

WBNTED! 

To  introduce  the  best  auto- 
mobile tires  in  the  world. 
Made  under  our  new  and  ex- 
clusive Internal  Hydraulic 
Expansion  Process  that  eiim- 
mates  Blow-Oat — Stone-Bruise 
— Rim-Cut  and  enables  us  to 
sell  our  tires  under  a   © 

10,000  MILE 
GUARANTEE 

We  want  an  agent  in  every 

community  to  use  and  in- 
troduce these  wonderful 
tires  at  our  astonishingly 
low  prices  to  ail  motor  car  owners. 
Write  for  booklet  fully  describing  this  new 
process  and  explaining  our  amazing  in- 
troductory offer  to  owner  agents. 

Hydro-UnltedTire  Co. 

Cept.  84     Chicago,  San  Francisco,  Pottstown,  P» 


J.  Franklin  Meyer. 

Resolution    Regarding    the    Stabilization 
of  the  Dollar 

Whereas.  The  value  of  the  dollar  as 
measured  by  its  purchasing  power  in 
general  commodities  has  suffered  exces- 
sive shrinkage  since  1S96.  and  especially 
since  1914 :  and 

Whereas,  This  has  resulted  in  grave 
economic  injustice  to  large  groups  of 
our  population,  particularly  to  salaried 
workers  and  wage  earners  unable  to  se- 
cure an  equivalent  increase  in  compen- 
sation, as  well  as  to  savings  bank  de- 
positors, life  insurance  policy  holders, 
and  owners  of  Liberty  Bonds  and  other 
long-term  investments;  and 

Whereas.  The  economic  injustice  due 
to  the  depreciation  of  the  currency  is 
the  chief  cause  of  the  prevailing  unrest 
and  dissatisfaction;  and 

Whereas.  Wage  and  salary  adjust- 
ments can  at  best  only  temporarily  cor- 
rect this  injustice,  because  such  adjust- 
ments are  continually  nullified  by  con- 
tinued fluctuations  of  the  currency ;  and 

Whereas,  a  bill  (H.  R,  5513  1  has  been 
introduced  into  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives by  Mr.  Husted  of  New  York,  pro- 
viding for  the  creation  of  a  commission 
to  investigate  plans  for  stabilizing  the 
purchasing  power  of  the  dollar  so  that 
it  vrill  at  all  times  and  under  all  cir- 
cc_  stances  purchase  approximately  the 
same  quantity  of  the  necessities  of  life; 
therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  National  Federa- 
tion of  Federal  Employes  endorses  the 
purpose  of  the  bill  H.  R.  5513.  and  urge 
that  it  be  passed  at  an  early  date:  and 

Resolved,  That  the  National  Federa- 
tion of  Federal  Employes  be  requested 
to  immediately  submit  these  resolutions 
to  every  Local  for  consideration  and  ac- 
tion, and  be  it 

Resolved,  further,  that  the  National 
Federation  of  Federal  Employes  invites 
the  attention  of  other  national  and  in- 
ternational bodies  or  Organized  Labor  to 
this  action  and  the  reasons  therefor, 
with  the  suggestion  that  they  take  such 
action  a-  th^y  see  fit. 


Something  To  Ponder  On 
Editor.'hThe  Carpenter": 

My  attention  has  been  called  to  some 
resolutions  which  have  been  sent  out  for 
endorsement  by  a  Local  Union  in  Mass- 
achusetts and  which  provide  for  a  re- 
duction in  the  per  capita  tax  to  the  Gen- 
eral Office  to  30c  per  month  per  member. 


Be  A  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More— Yearly 

This  is  a  new,  unerowded  field.  Floor  Surfacing  Contractors  are  making  big  money 
resurfacing  old  floors  in  homes  and  office  buildings  and  working  with  general  contractors 
who  prefer  to  sublet  the  floor  surfacing  contract.  It  is  a  big  business  in  itself.  Business 
comes  easily  by  American  Universal  Method.  We  furnish  office  forms,  advertising  cuts, 
business  cards — in  fact,  everything  to  set  a  man  up  in  business. 

RESURFACING  OLD   FLOORS 

Don't  Ever  Get  Caught  Out  of  Work  Again 

No  Dull  Seasons  in  This  Business 

There  are  hundreds  of  homes  and  office  buildings  being  remodeled — In  every  case, 
the  tloor  is  the  first  consideration.  There  are  hundreds  of  floors  right  in  your  own 
neighborhood  that  really  need  resurfacing.  Hundreds  of  people  can  well  afford  to  have 
the  work  done  and  will  be  glad  to  have  you  do  it  when  you  show  them  the  American 
Universal  Method. 

This  machine  is  electrically  operated  and  surfaces  more  floors  in  a  day  than  six 
men  can  do  by  hand.  Works  alike  on  new  and  old  floors  and  on  any  size,  from 
cottage  to  largest  auditorium.     Surfaces  clear  to  wall  without   hand   work. 

Contractors  and  architects  prefer  its  work  because  it  leaves  no  sander  waves  or  chat- 
ter marks.  Leaves  job  clean — vacuum  fan  leaves  dust  and  dirt  in  bag.  Machine  will 
pay  for  itself  the  first  month. 

Floor   Surfacing  Contractors    Make    $20.00   to    $50.00   A    Day 

"I  am  making  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  with  the  'American  Universal' 
and  find  it  a  good  paying  proposition.  My  average  earnings  are  $23.00  per 
day."      Geo.  R.   LaFlash,  Mass. 

"I  make  the  'American  Universal'  way  of  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  now 
and  my  average  earnings  are  at  least  $20.00  a  day."     J.   A.    Natzel,   Arizona. 
My  earnings  in  one   clay  have  been  as  high  as  $50.00  with  the   'Ameri- 
n  Universal'  machine."     E.  J.   Inman,   Ohio. 

"We  have  owned  one  of  your  Floor  Surfacing  Machines  for  about  two 
years.  We  find  it  earns  us  from  $40.00  to  $75.00  on  each  of  our  con- 
tract jobs."     F.  B.  Westcott  &  Son.  Nebr. 

"I  have  made  good  with  the  'American  Universal'  Machine.  I 
have  sanded  about  $700.00  worth  of  work  in  two  months."  T.  J. 
Easley,    Tenu. 

"The  'American  Universal'  is  a  dandy  machine  for  cleaning  and 
polishing  dance  floors.  I  have  earned  $62.00  clear  profit  in  a  day. 
so  you  can  see  how  well  I  am  doing."  Glen  F.  Bartlett,  Oregon. 
"When  this  little  town  of  6,000  people  was  building,  we  made 
m  $350.00  to  $700.00  per  month  with  the  'American  Universal',  but  our  best  earnings  per  day  have  been  $100.00, 
1.15.  $68.50,  $62.00  and  $80.00.      M.  L.  Derstine,   California. 

'I  have  earned  as  high  as  $50.00  with  my  'American  Universal'  machine  and  wish  to  thank  you  for  the  courteous 
atment  I  have  received  from  vou.     Eelward  McKernan,  Nebraska, 
am  well  pleased  with  the  'American  Universal'.     Ihave  made  $30.00  in  eight  hours  with  my  machine."     R.  Waynick,  Texas. 


ay  Down  the  Tool  Box  — YOU   Be   The  BOSS 
he    American     Floor     Surfacing     Machine     Co. 

Originators  of  Floor  Surfacing  Machines 

2  So.  St.  Clair  Street  Toledo,  Ohio 


AMERICAN     FLOOR    SURFACING     MACHINE    COMPANY 
:    So.    St.    Clair    St., 
■do,    Ohio,    U.    S.    A. 

J  tlemen:     Please   send   me   without   obligation   to  me.    complete    information    and    literature    on    your    proposition 
following   information    will    no    doubt    assist    you    in    advising    me. 


I    want    to    become    a    Floor    Surfacing 

N        CnntrnMrtr 


Contractor. 

I  am  not  now  a  contractor  of  any  kind 

but  was  in   following   business: 


i 


I  am  a  Building   Contractor   and   want 
to    use    it    on    my    own    contracts. 


NAME  . 
STREET 
CITY 


38 


THE    CARPENTER 


They  set  forth  in  the  resolution  that  the 
reduction  in  per  capita  tax  is  being  asked 
for  in  order  to  lighten  the  burden  the 
members  are  now  carrying  because  of 
the  fact  that  in  nearly  every  locality  our 
members  have  been  forced  to  accept  re- 
duction in  wages,  and  further,  because 
a  large  number  of  our  members  have 
been  out  of  work  the  greater  part  of  the 
time  during  the  past  year. 

Now,  I  believe  the  records  will  show 
that  the  per  capita  tax  on  our  members 
to  the  General  Office  has  been  40c  per 
month  for  many  years  past,  and  that  al- 
though the  wages  of  our  members  has 
been  increased  and  working  conditions 
greatly  improved  during  those  same 
years,  and  the  work  and  duties  at  the 
General  Office  have  more  than  doubled 
in  that  period  of  time  because  of  the 
splendid  increase  in  membership,  no  re- 
quest has  been  made  by  the  General 
Officers  or  any  one  else  for  an  increase 
in  the  per  capita  tax  to  enlarge  the  rev- 
enue with  which  to  take  care  of  the  ever 
increasing  death  and  disability  donations 
and  the  increased  amount  of  strike  and 
lockout  benefits  constantly  being  called 
for  by  our  members  out  on  strike  for 
better  conditions  and  higher  wages,  or 
locked  out  by  the  employers  in  their 
efforts  to  reduce  wages,  and  if  possible, 
establish  the  open  shop  plan  of  operation 
in  our  trade. 

The  attitude  of  our  members  in  de- 
feating the  proposition  that  was  sub- 
mitted for  referendum  vote  after  our 
General  Convention  in  1920  which  asked 
that  $2  of  each  initiation  fee  be  sent  to 
the  General  Office  to  be  used  in  adding 
to  these  amount  of  strike  benefit  to  be 
paid  to  the  members  in  need  is  still  fresh 
in  the  minds  of  most  of  us.  If  out  mem- 
bers had  only  taken  steps  to  build  up  a 
good  and  substantial  Treasury  at  our 
General  Office  during  the  times  when  all 
were  working  and  earning  good  money 
we  would  have  been  in  far  better  condi- 
tion to  combat  the  millions  of  dollars 
we'  had  arrayed  against  us  in  the  open 
shop  fight  during  the  past  year.  But  the 
great  trouble  with  us  is  that  too  many 
of  us  are  unable  to  see  past  the  end  of 
our  own  nose  and  are  content  to  let  each 
day  take  care  of  itself. 

If  our  members  will  take  the  trouble 
to  examine  the  financial  statement  is- 
sued monthly  by  our  General  Secretary 
they  will  be  able  to  discover  the  amount 
of  money  that  has  been  paid  out  since 
May,   1921,  in  strike  and  lockout  bene- 


fits, and  if  they  will  peruse  the  report  o: 
our  General  Treasurer  as  published  ir 
"The  Carpenter"  each  month  they  wil 
there  find  the  vast  amount  of  mones 
that  is  being  paid  out  for  death  and  dis 
ability  donations,  and  then  if  they  wil 
make  use  of  the  thinking  powers  thai 
God   gave  them  they  will   wonder  how 

in  h our  General  Office  gets  alonj 

on  the  small  per  capita  tax  now  beini 
paid  by  the  members  of  this  great  organ 
ization.  We  boast  of  being  the  larges' 
and  most  powerful  organization  oi 
skilled  mechanics  in  the  world,  and  yc 
we  are  content  to  remain  forever  th( 
cheapest  bunch  it  is  possible  to  fine 
when  it  comes  to  the  question  of  sup 
plying  our.  General  Office,  or  even  oui 
Local  Unions,  with  sufficient  funds  t( 
carry  on  the  work  of  the  organizatior 
as  it  should  be  done. 

How  often  we  hear  complaints  fron 
some  of  our  members  about  the  "tigh 
wads"  at  the  General  Office  because  thej 
will  not  cut  loose  the  purse-string  of  oui 
General  Treasury  and  permit  the  fundi 
to  flow  freely  into  the  pockets  of  everj 
one  who  thinks  he  is  entitled  to  financia 
aid,  and,  as  a  rule,  the  worst  kickers  or 
that  score  are  the  first  ones  to  holler 
"cut  down  the  revenue  to  the  Genera 
Office — lighten  the  burden  on  the  mem 
bers." 

Our  members  must  bear  in  mind  tha 
this  is  not  the  first  period  of  depressioi 
we  have  gone  through  during  the  lift 
of  the  United  Brotherhood,  and  that  th< 
old  boys  who  bore  the  brunt  of  batth 
in  the  days  when  it  took  some  courage 
to  proclaim  oneself  a  member  of  a  labol 
union  did  not  spend  their  time  in  ai 
effort  to  curtail  the  efforts  of  our  officer; 
and  stifle  the  opportunity  for  progress 
and  advancement,  but  on  the  other  hand 
they  devoted  their  time  and  efforts  verj 
diligently  in  any  way  they  could  to  hell 
in  the  struggle,  and  from  their  untirinf 
efforts  was  built  our  splendid  Brother- 
hood through  which  the  new  comers 
are  enjoying  the  fruits  that  have  growr 
from  the  struggles  and  sacrifices  of  thosf 
who  have  gone  before.  Instead  oi 
haggling  for  a  reduction  in  the  revenue 
to  the  General  Office  let  us  all  get  busy 
and  assist  in  bringing  back  into  the  fold 
those  erstwhile  good  and  loyal  members 
who  were  forced  out  of  the  Brotherhood 
by  reason  of  no  work  and  absolute  in- 
ability to  keep  up  their  dues.  If  we  will 
do  this  I  will  gamble  that  in  the  years 
to  come  we  will  look  back  with  far  more 


THE    CARPENTER 


39 


pride  on  our  efforts  than  will  the  fellows 
who  have  spent  their  time  trying  to  cur- 
tail the  work  by  and  through  a  lack  of 
sufficient  revenue  to  make  it  possible  to 
uttend  to  the  real  business  of  the  Broth- 
erhood. 

Fraternally  yours, 

THOS.   P.   MENTON. 


In  Appreciation 
Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

The  Masonic  Lodge  of  this  city  wishes 
o-  voice  its  expression  of  appreciation 
for  the  kindly  co-operation  of  the  Car- 
icnters'  Union  No.  1249,  Okemah,  Okla., 
n  erecting  for  Mrs.  T.  C.  Martin  the 
>arn  recently  built. 

We  feel  that  as  long  as  the  milk  of 
mman  kindness  permeates  and  controls 
he  actions  of  men  in  handling  the  af- 
fairs of  those  who  have  met  with  ad- 
verse circumstances,  such  as  attends  the 
ase  of  Mrs.  Martin,  the  community  as 
veil  as  the  individual  will  be  benefited. 
*Tot  only  will  the  recipient  of  the  acts  of 
■:indness  be  benefited  and  grateful  there- 
or.  but,  it  is  more  blessed  to  give  than 
ifceive.  Mrs.  Martin  on  every  occasion 
't  as  conducted  herself  and  family  worthy 
>f  the  aid  of  all.  Funds  have  been 
i  laced  at  her  disposal  and  have  received 
■  lie  most  economic  distribution  and  ex- 
penditure. She  has  at  all  times  shown 
!  erself  and  family  grateful  for  the  kind- 
iess  shown  her  and  it  is  our  hope  and 
esire  that  she  will  profit  thereby. 

Permit  me,  on  behalf  of  the  lodge,  to 
lank  you  one  and  all  for  this  evidence 
;f  charity  and  upright  manhood.  Com- 
mnities  take  pride  in  the  fact  that  men 
|E  your  kind  and  caliber  are  residents 
lereof . 

Very   respectfully   yours, 

TOM   HUSER, 
Secretary  Okemah  Lodge  No.  234, 
A.  F  &  A.  M. 


Editors,    Punctuate   This 

funny  old  man  told  this  to  me 
fell  in  a  snowdrift  in  June  said  he 
went  to  a  ballgame  out  in  the  sea 
saw  a  jelly  fish  float  up  in  a  tree 
found  some  gum  in  a  cup  of  tea 
stirred  my  milk  with  a  big  brass  key 
opened  my  door  on  my  bended  knee 
beg  your  pardon  for  this  said  he 
it  'tis  true- when  told  as  it  ought  to  be 
is   a    puzzle    in    punctuation    you    see. 
*  — The  Kablegram 


We  Want  You  To  Help  Us  In- 
stall The  Screen  That  Eolls 
Up  Like  A  Window  Shade 


'ILL  you  help  us 
install  The  Has- 
Rolup  Screen 
this  Spring?  Or 
would  you  rather 
local  agency  for 
them  and  handle  the  whole 
proposition  —  making  a 
profit  on  sales  as  well  as  installations? 
Write  today  and  let  us  send  you  com- 
plete information. 

The  March  issues  of  national  magazines 
will  inaugurate  a  Hastings  Rolup  Screen 
advertising  campaign  that  will  reach  the 
wealthiest  and  the  most  influential  peo- 
ple in  every  community  all  over  the 
country.  Last  Spring,  a  smaller  cam- 
paign swamped  us  with  inquiries ;  and 
this  year,  we  have  prepared  for  a  na- 
tion-wide demand.  We  will  turn  this 
business  to  our  representatives  wherever 
we  have  them ;  but  will  handle  it  direct 
elsewhere.  Ask  us  now  about  your  ter- 
ritory. 

The  Hastings  Rolup  Screen  is  made  of 
rust-proof,  corrode-resisting  Monel  Metal, 
rolled  on  a  special  shade-roller,  and  en- 
closed in  a  metal  casing.  It  runs  down 
the  sides  of  the  window  frame  in  narrow 
metal  strips,  like  weather  strips,  and 
due  to  its  patented  features  cannot  pull 
out  at  the  sides.  It  is  a  permanent  in- 
stallation ;  once  up,  up  to  stay.  Out  of 
sight  when  not  in  use.  The  Hastings 
Rolup  Screen  covers  the  whole  window 
in  such  a  way  that  you  can  open  the 
window  any  distance,  either  from  top  or 
bottom  ;  and  is  the  final  solution  of  the 
problem  of  screening  casements. 

Write  us  today  for  complete 
information  about  this  screen 
that  is  revolutionizing  window 
screening. 

ROLUP   SCREEN  COMPANY 

4 1 4C  East  3  2nd  St.  New  York  City 


Casual  Comment 


The  greatest  force  for  the  betterment 
of  the  worker's  condition  lies  in  the 
worker  himself  Not  by  independent 
effort,  but  by  uniting  with  his  fellow 
worker  and  presenting  a  solid  front — 
another  reason  for  that  500,000. 

*  *      * 

Everybody  cannot  be  officers,  but 
everybody  can  help  the  officers  make  the 
organization  a  greater  force  for  good  by 
giving  their  active  support  and  co-opera- 
tion. Try  it  and  watch  your  union  grow 
and  prosper. 

*  *      * 

There  is  more  reason  for  rejoicing 
than  sorrowing  over  the  results  achieved 
by  the  conference  on  disarmament.  The 
Four  Powers'  and  the  Five  Powers 
agreements  and  other  resolutions  passed 
are  tremendously  important. 

*  *      * 

The  "can't  strike"  wave  has  again 
struck  New  York  and  powerful  business 
interests  in  that  state  are  demanding  its 
legislation.  It  would  seem  that  today's 
turmoil  and  dissension  in  Colorado  and 
Kansas  means  nothing  to  those  who 
would  handcuff  workers  to  their  jobs. 

*  *      * 

The  man  who  steals  a  loaf  of  bread 
goes  to  jail.  The  man  who  steals  a  rail- 
road goes  to  Congress.  The  difference 
being,  that  the  real  thief  always  escapes 
because  he  owns  the  courts,  and  brings 
pressure  to  bear. 


be  hard  to  replace.  It  only  goes  to  shcn 
that  the  business  of  the  nation  cannot 
compete  with  the  moving  picture  busi 
ness. 

*  *      * 

We  think  that  injunctions  in  labo 
disputes  become  less  popular  with  em 
ployers  now  that  the  weapon  proves  t< 
be  two-edged.  But  so  long  as  it  is  user 
to  bludgeon  one  party  into  insensibility 
it  is  fair  and  politically  expedient  tha 
the  other  party  should  also  feel  itl 
weight  occasionally. 

*  *      * 

Something  should  be  done  to  reduc 
the  -spread  between  the  city  price  o 
farm  products  and  the  price  received  b 
the  producer.  Competition  will  not  re 
duce  the  spread ;  nor  will  public  reguls 
tion.  Co-operation,  and  nothing  elsi 
will  do  it. 

*  *      * 

Wall    Street    can    fool    others,    but 
never    attempts    to    fool    itself    is    tt 
hint  contained  in  this  statement  by  tl 
Wall  Street  Journal,  which  wage  worl 
ers  might  remember  with  profit. 

*  *      * 

Organized  Labor  should  fight  to  ho 
the  conditions  which  it  has  foug 
for  and  secured  by  hard  knocks  and  tl 
sweat  of  its  brow  during  the  past  fif 
years.  The  only  way  to  do  this  is 
make  application  for  membership  in  t] 
union  of  your  craft. 


The  absurdity  of  the  injunction 
against  the  union  coupled  with  labor's 
successful  counterblast  has  done  some- 
thing to  convince  the  public  and  the 
press  that  this  particularly  noxious 
weapon  should  be  abandoned  in  all  civil- 
ized industrial  wars. 

#      $  .  # 

The  farmer  is  getting  less  for  his 
wheat  today  than  at  any  time  since 
1913.  The  price  of  flour  has  dropped 
from  $13  a  barrel  to  $6.50  within  a 
year  and  a  pound  loaf  could  easily  be 
isold  for  5c  if  the  bakers  and  jobbers 
would  cut  out  their  profiteering. 

While  we  deeply  regret  the  retirement 
of  Mr.  Hays  from  the  office  of  Post- 
master General  as  the  public  service 
loses  in  him  an  administrator  who  will 


The  coal  operators  are  preparing  t 
"public"  for  a  bitter  fight  upon  the  Un 
ed  Mine  Workers.  Day  after  day  tji 
"kept  press"  is  offering  anti-union  pro 
aganda  to  show  the  reader  the  reaso 
ableness  (?)  of  the  operators  in  th' 
campaign  to  cut  wages. 
*      *      * 

Secretary   of   War   Weeks   announc 
that  he  is  in  favor  of  conscripting  eve 
man  in  the  United  States  from  18  to 
years  of  age  in  the  "next  war."     S< 
retary  Weeks  is  just  61  years  old. 

Labor  history  shows  that  there  1' 
been  times  during  industrial  depress! i 
in  the  past  when  the  labor  movent 
was  almost  completely  annihiliated,  W 
it  always  came  back  stronger  than  If 
fore, 


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42 


THE     CARPENTER 


L.  U.  No.  213,  Houston,  Tex. 
L.  U.  No.  213  dedicated  their  new 
home,  in  Houston.  Tex..  February  3, 
1922.  which  is  shown  in  the  accompany- 
ing cut.  The  membership  may  well  feel 
proud  of  their  achievement,  as  their 
headquarters   ranks    second   to   none  in 


Dedicates  Their  New  Home 
the  ceremony  the  crowd  of  1.800  partic- 
ipants indulged  in  an  excellent  supper 
which  had  been  spread  for  the  occasion, 
after  which  they  were  treated  to  novelty 
dancing,  recitations  and  musical  num- 
bers, which  were  sandwiched  in  between 


the    State   of   Texas   and   is    owned   ex- 
clusively by  them. 

The  dedication  ceremonies  was  partic- 
ipated in  by  representatives  from  the 
General  Office.  State  Council  of  Carpen- 
ters, State  Federation  of  Labor,  Local 
Central  Body  and  several  Locals.     After 


the  speaking.  Altogether  it  proved  an 
enjoyable  affair  and  one  that  will  be  long 
remembered  by  those  who  attended. 
The  Local  at  present  has  a  membership. 
of  1.500  ■:-..:.''.  tl-07  o.r-.-  to  be  C':i:;'v.:v:'.:.o 
ed  on  the  success  of  their  endeavors  ^ror- 


Carpenters  Celebrate  Anniversary 

An  occasion  of  more  than  ordinary 
interest  to  the  local  carpenters  was  the 
celebration  of  the  20th  anniversary  of 
the  organization  of  L.  TJ.  No.  9S9,  Car- 
penters and  Joiners  of  America  at  New- 
buryport.  Mass. 

There  were  present  out  of  the  original 
41  members  12  who  have  retained  their 
membership  continuously,  as  follows: 
T.  P.  B.  Houghton.  John  AIcLoud,  G.  W. 
Henderson.  W.  H.  Warner,  L.  Gallant, 
G.  A.  Fort.  N.  A.  Hewitt.  R  H.  Brad- 
shaw.  H.  J.  Gray.  0.  W.  Page,  William 
Brewitt,  John  W.  Pray. 

There  was  an  address  of  welcome  by 
President  Hall  J.  Leigh,  and  a  short  his- 
tory of  the  organization  by  Secretary 
Frank  S.  Heath,  the  union  being  organ- 
ized February  10,  1902,  by  W.  J. 
Shields. 


After  listening  to  these  interesting 
facts  concerning  the  organization  and 
adjournment  was  made  to  Carpenters' 
Hall,  where  a  genuine  Newburyj 
clam  chowder  was  served  by  the  chair- 
man of  the  committee.  George  Hende 
son,  with  other  good  things.  Cigars  w€ 
then  lighted  and  the  members  and  gues 
concluded  a  most  interesting  evening. 


Deflating  the  Labor  Unions 

What  seems  to  be  a  fact  is  that  the 
is  a  drive  against  labor  in  respect  b 
wages  and  the  labor  unions,  and  to  it 
may  be  attributed  the  present  state  ol 
unemployment.  The  condition  did  nof 
come  on:  it  was  brought  on.  When  the 
war  fever  was  raging,  a  tide  of  higl 
prices  set  in  and  labor  complained  thai 
wages  were  inadequate  to  meet  it.  In- 
creases   were    hesitatingly,    not    to    saj 


THE    CARPENTER 


43 


grudgingly,  given.  Those  increases 
scarcely  kept  pace  with  the  huge  profits 
that  were  being  piled  up  by  the  great 
employers.  Those  profits  were  realized 
not  on  paper  but  in  money.  The  Reserve 
Bank  here  piled  up  nearly  $100,000,000 
on  rediscounts  to  member  banks  without 
risk,  because  the  security  therefor  was 
mre.  Rediscounting  was  an  aid  to  the 
•■•irnival  of  speculation  that  raised  prices 
|:o  dizzy  heights.  Labor  demanded  its 
ihare  and  got  some  of  it  in  increased 
•ay.  It  could  not  have  existed  other- 
|  vise. 

Suddenly  there  arose  a  demand  for  a 
eduction     of    wages,     but    the     profits 
>f    speculation     had    been    successfully 
lathered.     The  demand  was  followed  by 
closing  down   of  mills   and  factories, 
'he  result  is  a  vast  army  of  jobless  men 
nd  women.     The  main  feature  of  the 
rogram  of  so-called  deflation  is  the  de- 
igned destruction  of  labor  unions  and 
le  inauguration  of  the  open  shop. 
|  The  drive  against  labor  was  planned, 
he  result  is  general  disaster  to  all  ex- 
l^pt  those  whose  profits  have  been  in- 
vested in  things  that  cannot  fail  to  pro- 
jace  certain  income.     The  big  operators 
,iving  got  their  gains  into  impregnable 
'aape   started   their   war   against   labor 
id  the  end   is   not   in   sight.      Frantic 
(forts  are  now  being  made  to  stem  the 
tie  of  trouble  that  was  set  in  motion 
|ith  malice  aforethought  to  make  labor 
|'W  in  submission  to  intrenched  money 
wer.     It  remains  to  be  seen  whether 
e  whirlwind  that  usually  follows  the 
ising  of  the  wind  can  be  averted. — 
in  New  York  World. 


Foreign   Labor  Notes 

The  street  car  employes  of  Monte- 
jleo,  Uruguay,  have  gone  on  strike  for 
■  increase  in  wages.  A  limited  num- 
|p  of  cars  are  being  moved  under  the 
iard  of  armed  soldiers. 

*  *      * 

iThe  November  cut  of  SO  cents  per  day 
miners'    wages    in    Scotland    is    the 
iviest  ever  made  at  one  sweep  in  the 
tory  of  the  industry. 

*  *      * 

}ne  week  of  manual  and  agricultural 
I  or  is  in  future  to  be  included  in  the 
J'.r's  work  of  every   Bulgarian  school 

f   boys  and  girls. 

— * 

?he  back  of  a  Thrift  Stamp  or  a  War 
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CHAPTER   VII 

How  To   Frame  a  Gambrel   Roof 

(Reprint  From  A  Practical  Course  In  Roof  Framing, 

Published  By  F.  J.  Drake  &  Co.  i 

i  Ev  R.  M.  Van  Gaasbeek.  I 


A  gambrel  roof  is  a  roof  the  slope  or 
pitch  of  which  is  broken,  that  is.  instead 
of  the  gable  end  having  one  continuous 
slope  or  pitch,  it  is  composed  of  two 
slopes  or  pitches,  the  lower  half  of  the 
roof  having  the  greater  pitch,  see  Fig.  2. 
The  method  of  framing  the  rafter-  is 
similar  to  that  of  any  other  equal  pitch 
roof.  The  walls  of  the  building  form 
the  lower  plate  upon  which  the  sleeper 
rafters  rest,  a  second  plate  being  sta- 
tioned at  the  proper  height  to  receive 
the  upper  rafters,  being  securely  tied 
across  the  building  to  keep  it  from 
spreading  under  the  weight.  The  upper 
and  lower  rafters  are  framed  indepen- 
dently, the  upper  rafters  to  the  lower 
pitch  and  the  lower  rafters  to  the  steep- 
er pitch,  the  effect  being  of  one  roof 
placed  upon  another.  The  proper  pro- 
portions to  use  in  laying  out  a  gambrel 
roof  is  a  matter  depending  upon  indi- 
vidual judgment  and  the  needs  and  de- 
sires of  the  owner  and  architect.  Some 
builders  give  the  upper  rafters  a  very 
flat  pitch  while  others  a  very  steep  pitch. 
In  this  problem  the  knuckle  joint  is 
placed  half  way  between  the  facia  line 
and  the  ridge,  thus  making  both  sets  of 
rafters  the  same  length. 

— Specifications — 
Lower  plate.  %  in.  by  2*2  in. 
Epper  plate,   %  in.  by  %  in. 
Valley  rafters.  %  in.  by  114  in- 
Common   and  jack  rafters.    %    in.   by 

%  m- 

Ridge,  %  in.  by  1%  in. 

Projection,  1%  in. 

Facia,   %  in. 

Plancher    level    to    plate    level,    lower 

rafters,  2^4  in. 

Pitch,   (see  development.  Fig.  2). 
Dimensions,   (see  plan.  Fig.  1). 
Rafters,  spaced  2  in.  on  centers. 


Layout. — A  full  size  working  layout 
of  the  plan,  Fig.  1,  should  be  drawn  on 
a  board  or  sheet  of  detail  paper.  The 
layout  will  represent  a  scale  of  1  in.  to 
the  ft.  In  applying  the  various  measure- 
ment full  size,  substitute  the  word  ••feet" 
for  "inches*"  in  listing  the  runs  and 
lengths  of  the  rafters.  Number  each 
rafter  and  ridge  as  shown  on  the  plan. 
Put  the  corresponding  numbers  on  the 
rafters  as  they  are  laid  out  so  as  to  in- 
sure their  ready  identification  and  proper 
location  during  the  erection  of  the  roof. 

It  will  also  be  necessary  to  develop 
an  end  view  of  the  gable  as  shown  in 
Fig.  2  so  as  to  determine  the  pitch  or 
slope  of  the  upper  and  lower  rafters  and 
also  the  heights  of  the  plate  levels.  A 
graphic  method  for  laying  out  the  slope 
of  the  rafters  is  shown  in  Fig.  3.  The 
lower  rafters  form  an  angle  of  60  de- 
grees with  the  plate  level  and  the  upper 
rafters  30  degrees  with  the  plate  level. 
making  both  sets  of  rafters  the  same 
length.  Lay  in  a  center  and  base  line  at 
right  angles  to  each  other  of  indefinite 
length.  Bisect  the  angle  as  follows: 
with  E  as  a  center  and  any  convenient 
radius  scribe  an  arc.  cutting  the  base 
line  as  at  1.  With  E  as  a  center  and  the 
same  radius  scribe  an  arc,  cutting  the 
center  line  as  at  2.  With  1  and  2  as 
centers  and  the  same  radius  scribe  the 
arc  as  at  3.  From  E  through  arc  3  draw 
a  line  of  indefinite  length  as  shown  by 
the  dotted  line,  bisecting  the  right  angle. 

Measure  off  on  the  base  line  from  the 
center  line  E.  a  distance  equal  to  the 
total  run  of  the  common  rafters  from 
the  center  of  the  ridge  to  the  facia  line, 
this  being  one-half  the  span  of  the  build- 
ing plus  1  projection  (11  y2  in.)  as  at  A. 
Fig.  3.  From  the  point  A  draw  in  the 
top  edge  of  the  lower  rafters  at  an  angle 
of  60  degrees.  The  sides  of  an  equilat- 
eral triangle,  the  three  sides  being  equal 
form  angles  of  60  degrees.     To  form  the 


THE    CARPENTER 


45 


side  of  the  triangle  from  the  point  A, 
use  A  as  a  center  and  with  any  conveni- 
ent radius  scribe  an  arc,  cutting  the  base 
line  as  at  4.  With  4  as  a  center  and  the 
same  radius  scribe  part  of  a  circle.     With 


until  it  intersects  the  center  line  as  at 
Y.  This  gives  the  slope  of  the  lower 
rafters  at  an  angle  of  60  degrees. 

The  slope  of  the  rafters   can   also  be 
laid  out  with  the  steel  square  by  using 


1 — Plan  of  gambrel  roof  from  which  the  working  laying  out  is  made. 


i.  as  a  center  and  the  same  radius  arc  16%  in.  on  the  blade  and  9%  in.  on  the 
he  circle  as  at  5.  From  the  point  A  on  tongue,  adjusting  the  square  so  that 
he  base  line  draw  a  line  through  arc  5       these  figures  lie  accurately  on  the  base 


46 


THF     CARPENTER 


line,  mark  on  the  blade  for  the  slope  of 
the  lower  rafters.  Measure  off  on  the 
center  line  from  the  base  line  at  S,  a 
distance  equal  to  the  total  height  of  the 

roof  (11^2  in.)  From  the  point  T  draw 
in  the  top  edge  of  the  upper  rafters  at  an 


arc  6  draw  a  line  intersecting  the  center 
line,  which  should  meet  exactly  at  the 
point  T.  The  slope  of  the  rafters  can 
also  be  laid  out  with  the  steel  square  by 
drawing  a  level  line  through  the  point 
Y  and  using  16%   in.  on  the  blade  and 


Angle  45  ~$  \\^j 
->i 


FIG.2 


2 — End  view,  showing  method  of  developing  profiles  of  the  common  rafters 
the  pitch,  projection  and  plancher  levels  known,  the  plate 
levels  can  be  determined. 


With 


angle  of  30  degrees.  A  simple  way  to 
determine  this  pitch  is  to  lay  in  another 
equilateral  triangle.  A  quarter  circle 
containing  90  degrees.,  the  triangle  60 
degrees  deducted  from  the  90  degrees 
will  leave  an  angle  of  30  degrees.  From 
the  point  T  draw  a  plumb  line  as  at  X. 
With  Y  as  a  center  and  any  convenient 
radius  scribe  part  of  a  circle.  With  X  as 
a  center  and  the  same  radius  arc  the 
circle  as  at  6.     From  the  point  Y  through 


9%  in.  on  the  tongue,  adjusting  the 
square  so  that  these  figures  lie  accurate- 
ly on  the  level  line,  mark  on  the  tongue 
for  the  slope  of  the  upper  rafters  at  an 
angle  of  30  degrees  with  the  jjlate  level. 
With  the  top  edge  or  outside  lines  of 
the  roof  determined,  lay  in  a  profile  of 
both  lower  and  upper  rafters  as  shown 
in  Fig.  2,  according  to  the  dimensions 
given  in  the  specifications,  so  that  the 
plate  levels  can  be  determined.     In  this 


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Town State. 


4S 


THE     CARPENTER 


problem  the  knuckle  joint  is  midway  be- 
tween the  facia  line  and  the  ridge,  the 
edge  of  the  upper  plate  forming  the  joint, 
making  both  sets  of  rafters  the  same 
length,  locating  the  upper  plate  5%  in. 
above  the  lower  plate  and  the  main  plate 
level  2  %  in.  above  the  plancher  level. 

To  Lay  Out  Lower  Common  Rafters. 
— Before  setting  the  square,  the  rise  in 
inches  per  foot  must  be  determined,  the 


ez&sz**    Figure   3 
3 — Graphic  method  for  laying  out  the 
pitch  of  the  common  rafters  at  30  and 
60  degree  angles 

run  12  in.,  a  constant  unit  remains  un- 
changed. The  run  of  rafter  No.  5,  meas- 
ured on  the  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring 
from  the  upper  plate  line  to  the  facia  is 
4%  in.  (See  development,  Fig.  2.)  The 
total  height  from  the  top  of  the  facia  line 
R  to  the  top  of  the  upper  plate  level, 
Fig.  2.  Y  is  7%in.  Thus  with  the  total 
rise  7%  in.  and  the  total  run  4%  in., 
find  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot. 

Rise       12 
x  —  equals  rise  in  inches  per  foot. 

Run        1 
7%        12 


4y± 


x  —  equals  20%  in.  rise  in  inches 

1  per  foot. 

Solution : 
12 

7Y4 


3 

84 

87 
S7  divided  by  17-4  equals  S7  times 
4-17  equals  20%. 


87 
4 
17)348(20  y2 
34 


Set  the  fence  and  square  at  20  y2  in. 
rise  on  the  blade  and  12  in.  run  on  the 
tongue.     Mark  on  the  blade  for  all  plumb 


^M^L_^ 


isaEDE&e-  Fl  Qf.  4 


End  View 

4 — Developed  length  of  lower  com- 
mon rafter  No.  5. 

cuts  and  on  the  tongue  for  all  level  cuts. 
Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the  top 
edge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  for  the 
common  rafter  and  produce  the  facia 
line  or  the  first  plumb  line  to  the  ex- 
treme left,  A,  Fig.  4.  Slide  the  square 
to  the  right,  and  measure  on  a  level  line 
from  the  facia  line  the  run  of  the  rafter 
4%  in.  and  produce  the  plumb  cut 
against  the  upper  plate,  giving  the  ex- 
treme length  of  the  lower  common  raf- 
ters. 

No  deduction  is  to  be  made  from  this 
length,  but  the  end  of  the  rafters  should 
be  notched  out  to  receive  the  upper  plate, 
forming  a  strong  and  rigid  brace.  Meas- 
ure  down   on   plumb   line  from   the  top 


THE     CARP  E.N  T  E  R 


49 


edge  of  the  rafter,  the  thickness  of  the 
upper  plate  %  in.  and  produce  a  level 
line  on  which  the  bottom  of  the  plate 
will  rest,  as  at  S,  Fig.  4.  Measure  in 
from  facia  line  A,  iy2  in.  the. width  of 
the  projection  and  produce  wall  line  B. 
Measure  down  on  the  facia  line  from  the 
top  edge  of  the  rafter,  %  in.,  the  width 
of  the  facia  and  produce  plancher  level 
F.  Measure  up  from  plancher  level  F, 
on  a  plumb  line,  2%  in.,  locating  plate 
level  G.  Cut  on  line  A,  for  the  facia, 
on  line  F,  for  the  plancher  level,  on 
lines  G  and  B,  for  the  birdsmouth  and 
on  plumb  line  X  and  level  line  S  for  the 
notch  against  the  upper  plate. 

To  Lay  Out  Jack  Rafters. — The  length 
of  jack  rafters  Nos.  6,  7  and  8  are  de- 
termined in  the  same  manner  as  the 
preceding  common  rafter  No.  5,  as  they 


&&&&*& 


End  View 

5 — Developed  length  of  lower  jack" 
rafters  Nos.  6,  7  and  8. 
are  a  part  of  the  length.  Take  the  runs 
from  the  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring  from 
the  center  of  the  valley  to  the  upper 
plate  or  inner  wall  line.  The  three  raf- 
ters are  shown  developed  on  the  side  of 
a  single  rafter,  Fig.  5.  In  practice  these 
would  be  laid  out  separately  and  are  laid 


"FULL  LENGTH  ROOF  FRAMER" 

Is  a  hook  to  save  the  time  and  brains  of  the  experts 
and  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  unexperi- 
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If  your  roof  It  pitched  It  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
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with  lengths  and  bevels  of  Hips.  Valleys,  Jacks  and 
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roofs   13  1-2  and   12.     28   in.   centers. 

Keep  this  example  and  send  for  a  book.  If  you  do 
not  know  lengths  and  cuts  of  all  Hips,  Valleys.  Jacks 
and  Common  rafters  in  3  minutes  after  getting  the 
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50 


THE    CARPENTER 


out  over  one  another  only  to  save  space 
and  to  avoid  repetition.  Press  the  fence 
firmly  against  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter 
using  teh  same  figures  on  the  square  as 
before  and  produce  the  facia  line  or  the 
first  plumb  line  to  the  extreme  left,  A, 
Fig.  5.  Slide  the  square  to  the  right  and 
measure  on  a  level  line  from  the  facia 
line,  the  run  of  rafter  No.  6,  4%  in.,  the 
run  of  rafter  No.  1,2%  in-,  and  the  run 
of  rafter  No.  8,  %  in.,  and  produce  the 
plumb  cut  against  the  upper  plate,  giv- 
ing the  extreme  length  of  the  lower  jack 
rafters. 

No  deductions  are  to  be  made  from 
these  lengths,  but  the  end  of  the  rafters 
should  be  notched  out  to  receive  the 
upper  plate,  forming  a  strong  and  rigid 
brace.  Measure  down  on  plumb  line  Y, 
from  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter,  the 
thickness  of  the  upper  plate  %  in.,  and 
produce  a  level  line  on  which  the  bottom 
of  the  plate  will  rest  as  at  S,  Fig.  5.  The 
lower  ends  of  the  rafters  are  beveled  to 
make  a  fit  against  the  side  of  the  valley 
rafter.  From  the  extreme  length  ob- 
tained with  the  fence  and  square,  which 
is  to  the  center  line  of  the  valley,  must 
be  deducted  one-half  the  thickness  of 
the  valley  measured  on  the  line  of  the 
jack  rafters,  or  one-half  the  diagonal 
thickness  of  the  valley  which  is  %  in. 
full.  Measure  back  on  a  level  line  from 
C,  Fig.  5,  on  the  side  of  the  rafter,  this 
diagonal  thickness,  %  in.  full  and  pro- 
duce another  plumb  line  as  at  D.  Square 
this  line  across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter 
and  locate  the  center.  To  lay  out  the 
top  cuts  so  that  the  jack  rafters  will  fit 
against  the  side  of  the  valley  rafter  at 
the  proper  angle,  measure  forward  on  a 
level  line  from  plumb  line  D,  a  distance 
equal  to  one-half  the  thickness  of  the 
stock  used  for  the  jack  rafters  or  3-16 
in.,  (the  thickness  of  stock  specified  be- 
ing %  in.)  and  produce  plumb  line  1. 

Connect  plumb  line  1  through  plumb 
line  D  on  the  center  line  as  shown  at  2, 
top  view,  Fig.  5.  This  top  cut  can  also 
be  laid  out  with  the  steel  square  by  using 
the  length  23%  in.  (bridge  measure  of 
the  run,  12  in.  and  the  rise  20%  in.) 
on  the  blade  and  the  run,  12  in.  on  the 
tongue.  Mark  on  the  blade  for  the  top 
cut.  Rafter  7  rests  on  the  lower  plate 
which  must  be  cut  for  the  birdsmouth 
similar  to  the  common  rafters.  This  can 
readily  be  laid  out  by  using  a  common 
rafter  for  a  pattern  or  laying  out  as  be- 
fore. Measure  in  from  facia  line  A,  1% 
in.,  the  width  of  the  projection  and  pro- 


duce wall  line  B.  Measure  down  on 
facia  line  A,  from  the  top  edge  of  the 
rafter,  %  in.,  the  width  of  the  facia,  and 
produce  plancher  level  F.  Measure  up 
from  the  plancher  level,  on  a  plumb  line, 
2%  in.,  locating  plate  level  G. 

Rafter  No.  6  cut  on  plumb  line  1,  on 
bevel  2,  for  the  cheek  and  side  cut 
against  the  valley  and  on  line  F  for  the 
plancher  level.  Rafter  No.  7  cut  on 
plumb  line  1,  on  bevel  2,  for  the  cheek 
and  side  cut  against  the  valley  and  on 
line  G  for  the  plate  level.  Rafter  No.  8, 
cut  on  plumb  line  1,  on  bevel  2,  for  the 
cheek  and  side  cut  against  the  valley 
and  on  all  thre  rafters  Nos.  6,  7  and  8, 
cut  on  the  plumb  line  Y  and  level  line  S 
for  the  notch  against  the  upper  plate. 
Out  one  pair  of  jacks  No.  6  and  two 
pair  of  each  No.  7  and  8. 

(To  Be  Continued) 

© 


Answers  To  W.  R.  Dickson's  Problem 

Replying  to  W.  R.  Dickson  in  the  Feb- 
ruary issue  of  "The  Carpenter."  The 
"why"  in  his  rectangle  of  5  ft.  by  13  in. 


K  -  -    -     3" H 

a\ 


encloses  a  space  of  1  sq.  in.  Thus  the 
square  8x8  in.  is  divided  according  and 
arranged    according    to    Fig.    2,    which 


looks  good,  but  there  is  a  hiatus  of  % 
in.  between  junction  at  the  3  in.  line 
and  the  opposite  triangle,  leaving  a  nice 
little  problem  for  Brother  Dickson  to 
find  the  metes  and  bounds  of  the  vacant 
space. 


THE     CARPENTER 


51 


Now,  if  someone  will  give  ocular  proof 
that  one-half  over  of  thirteen  is  eight, 
and  a  few  more  old  timers  it  may  help 
to  relieve  the  tension  for  the  lads  who 
are  learning  a  trade  by  the  home  fire- 
side, and  cause  grandpa  to  hum  "Make 
Me  A  Child  Again  Just  For  Tonight." 
Yours  fraternally, 

A.   C.   MINOR. 


Dear  Sir — Replying  to  Brother  W.  R. 
Dickson's    query    in   the   February   issue 


of  "The  Carpenter"  Brother  Dickson  is 
slightly  mistaken.  There  is  no  differ- 
ence any  more  than  transferring  $64 
from  one  pocket  to  another  makes  it  $65. 


There  only  appears  to  be  a  difference. 
If  you  will  note  carefully  in  Fig.  1, 
',  angles  A  and  A  are  not  equal  to  angles 
B  and  B,  consequently,  when  Fig.  1  is 
re-arranged  as  shown  in  Fig.  2,  lines  A 
A.  are  not  straight  and  between  these  two 
lines  is  the  extra  square  inch. 

Yours  very  truly, 
L.  U.  No.  1029.  E.  W.  STILLEY. 


Backing  Hips  and  Channeling  Valleys 

This  subject  is  like  the  "harp  of  a 
thousand  strings"  because  there  are  so 
many  methods  for  doing  it,  from  not 
doing  it  at  all  to  doing  it  simply  right. 

We  have  known  a  great  number  of 
ways  or  methods  for  backing  hips,  that 
p.  we  have  known  them  for  about  five 


minutes,  very  recently  a  friend  sent  me 
a  new  method  for  backing  a  hip,  but  as 
we  have  only  studied  it  a  month  we 
cannot  pass  on  it  as  yet,  you  see,  some 
of  these  twelve  cylinder  fellows  hand 
you  something  to  solve  with  a  "Tin 
Lizzie"  think  tank  that  only  gets  you 
there  and  brings  you  back. 

To  find  an  honest  to  goodness  method 
for  backings  has  given  us  more  trouble 
than    anything   in    roof   framing,    some- 

'HILL.METHOD* 


C£«  TEfi 


thing  that  would  be  absolutely  right 
through  a  simple  application  of  the 
steel  square. 

Ordinarily,  on  common  light  construc- 
tion it  is  not  used,  but  on  heavy  hips 
and  double  valleys  it  is  highly  necessary 
and  specified,  then  you  need  to  know 
how  to  be  "Johnny  on  the  spot." 

"Well,  here  you  are:  This  applies  to 
regular   (equal)    pitches  only. 

First,  cut  the  side  bevel  to  fit  against 
the  ridge..  Then  apply  the  square  as 
shown,  flat  against  the  beveled  surface 
and  square  over  as  at  C,  then  the  dis- 
tance from  C  to  A  would  be  the  gauge 
depth  for  doubled  valley,  any  thickness. 

For  hips.  Find  center  on  top  edge 
of  hip  as  at  B,  then  with  square  in  same 
position  as  shown  slide  it  up  to  B,  square 
over  to  edge  and  that  is  the  gauge  depth 
for  each  side  for  hip. 

This  applies  to  any  pitch,  each  sep- 
arate pitch  having  a  different  depth 
gauge. 

For  irregular  pitches  we  get  the  back- 
ings at  the  foot  cuts  in  an  equal  simple 
way,  but  that's  another  story. 
Fraternally, 

ROWLAND  HILL. 
L.  U.  No.  29.  Cincinnati,  O. 


Will  Some  Brother  Oblige? 

Will  some  brother  kindly  explain  the 
correct  making  of  a  flour  bin,  one  that 
will  show  a  straight  front  from  the  top 
of  bin  to  the  floor,  without  hinges? 

Fraternally  yours,  O.   J.   E. 

L.  U.  No.  55,  Denver,  Colo. 


52 


THE    CARPENTER 


Information   Wanted 

Will  some  brother  explain  how  to  con- 
struct the  face  mould  for  the  wreath 
over  the  winders? 


to  straighten  from  end  to  end.  and  if  end 
sills  are  used,  do  the  same  with  one  end, 
when  it  is  an  easy  matter  to  range  the 
other  side  and  end ;  and  if  not  the  same 


Fraternally  yours, 

WM.   A.   WOHLKEN. 


L.  U.  No.  52. 


Charleston,  S.  O. 


Another  Contribution 

Have  just  been  reading  Brother  Ma- 
ginnis's  instructions  on  building  a  baloon 
frame,  and  want  to  add  my  mite  on  this 
matter. 

Referring  to  the  box  sill,  I  have  often 
used  a  2x6  for  a  wall  plate,  spiked  to  the 
under  side  of  the  same  material  as  the 
floor  joists,  and  nail  through  this  into 
ends  of  joists,  spacing  on  outside  for 
joists  before  nailing  together  saves  time. 

I  want  to  give  my  method  of  leveling 
a  building,  which  I  like  and  think  is  a 
time  saver. 

Sharpen  a  piece  of  2x4  so  that  it  will 
drive  a  few  inches  into  the  ground;  cut 
to  a  length  about  equal  to  the  height  of 
the  sill  when  driven  into  the  ground ; 
step  back  from  the  building  a  convenient 
distance  (according  to  length  of  same) 
and  about  midway  of  side;  drive  your 
stake,  then  lay  your  level  on  top  and 
parallel  with  sill,  tip  the  stake  to  one 
side  or  the  other  until  level  is  true,  step 
back  so  that  in  sighting  across  ends  of 
level  the  eye  will  catch  both  ends  of  the 
sill,  and  when  true  it  is  an  easy  matter 


process  will  get  the  other  side. 

If  square  sills  are  used  I  like  to  set 
the  joists  in  the  thickness  of  an  inch 
board  the  same  width  as  the  joists 
(spaced  on  outside  for  joists)  nail 
through  this  into  joists,  then  fasten  to 
sill ;  this  does  away  with  staylath  to  hold 
joists  and  give  a  support  to  ends  of  sub 
floor,  for  of  course  this  is  laid  on  the 
diagonal  and  should  be  supported. 

In  this  city  the  ordinance  requires  a 
fire  stop  every  story  and  sometimes  half 
way  up,  so  we  frame  each  story  inde- 
pendent of  the  other,  no  matter  how 
many. 

If  studding  are  long  enough  for  two 
lengths,  make  a  frame  to  butt  square 
ends  against,  one  at  proper  length  for 
stud,  also  at  second  length,  put  in  sev- 
eral studs  and  wedge  or  clamp  so  they 
will  not  move  saw  ends  first  the  center; 
cut  same  length  for  side  walls  and  parti- 
tions. 

For  corner  posts  use  three  studs,  let- 
ting the  center  one  project  half  its  width 
inside  the  others,  thus  leaving  the  corner 
ready  for  lathing  from  either  way. 

Now  lay  studs  for  shoe  and  plates  for 
both  sides  lengthwise  in  center  of  floor 
and  space  all  for  studs  at  the  same  time, 
then  lay  shoe  to  the  outside,  lay  studs 


THE     CARPENTER 


53 


on  the  floor  and  put  a  couple  of  16(1  nails 
through  both  sides  and  plate  into  studs, 
leaving  out  for  opening  frame  all  open- 
ings while  on  floor,  and  when  completed 
raise  all  or  a  part  of  side,  as  convenient, 
nail  both  ends,  line  up  and  nail  to  floor; 
proceed  with  both  sides,  ends  and  par- 
titions, plum  up  and  there  you  are. 

I  prefer  to  run  up  the  sheathing  now, 
as  one  can  arrange  to  have  a  stageing 
come  where  it  will  be  handy  for  putting 
on  top  plates,  spacing  for  and  nailing 
joists,  cutting  in  headers  between  same 
if  more  than  one  story,  and  if  only  one 
story  it  is  much  more  convenient  to  nail 
joists  and  rafters  from  a  stageing  than 
to  crall  over  timbers  like  some  do ;  then 
the  rafters  are  not  in  the  wTay  of  board- 
ing up  the  outside. 

The  same  process  may  be  followed  for 
as  many  stories  high  as  one  may  want 
to  go. 

Most  residences  in  this  locality  ai*e  of 
the  bungalow  style,  so  of  course  are  open 
cornice,  which  may  be  made  just  as  tight 
as  a  box  cornice. 

A  saving  of  time  can  be  made  by  ap- 
plying primeing  coat  of  paint  to  ends 
of  rafters,  finish  side  of  ceiling  or  floor- 
ing used  for  projection  before  putting  up. 

I  have  purposely  left  out  many  things 
like  lapping  top  plate  of  partitions  over 
side  walls,  etc.,  to  tie  building  together, 
for  your  space  is  to  valuable,  and  the 
average  workman  would  feel  that  it  was 
a  slap  at  his  intelligence,  besides  Brother 
Maginnis  has  covered  all  of  little  details. 
Very  truly, 

S.  C.  DOUGLASS. 

4555  W.  Othello  St. 
Member  L.  U.  No.  131. 


Figure  It  Out 

How  many  apples  did  Adam  and  Eve 
eat? 

Some  say  Eve  eight  and  Adam  two — 
a  total  of  ten  only. 

Now  we  figure  the  thing  out  far  dif- 
ferently :  Eve  eight  and  Adam  eight 
also — total  16. 

We  think  the  above  figures  are  en- 
tirely wrong. 

If  Eve  eight  and  Adam  82,  certainly 
the  total  will  be  90. 

Scientific  men,  however,  on  the 
strength  of  the  theory  that  the  ante- 
diluvians were  giants,  reason  something 
like  this:  Eve  81  and  Adam  82 — total 
163. 

Wrong  again.     What  could  be  clearer 


than  if  Eve  81  and  Adam  812  the  total 
was  892? 

I  believe  the  following  to  be  the  true 
solution:  Eve  814,  Adam  and  Adam 
8,124  Eve — 8,938. 

Still  another  calculation  is  as  follows: 
If  Eve  814  Adam,  Adam  81,242  oblige 
Eve,   82,056. — Exchange. 


Bryan  Says  Unions  Will  Be  Recognized 

Whatever  may  be  thought  of  William 
J.  Bryan's  political  stunts,  it  cannot  be 
gainsaid  that  the  illustrious  Nebraskan 
is  not  a  prophet.  His  theories  advanced 
25  years  ago  on  prohibition,  equal  rights 
for  women,  income  tax,  became  realities, 
although  at  the  time  Bryan  suggested 
these  reforms  he  was  branded  as  wild- 
eyed  and  hair-brained.  Time  proved 
Bryan's  foresight  was  better  than  most 
people's  hindsight. 

Therefore,  the  world  at  large  will  give 
serious  thought  and  reflection  to  Bryan's 
latest  predictions,  that  national  and  state 
laws  will  be  enacted  to  vindicate  labor's 
right  to  organize,  to  bargain  collectively 
and  to  persuade  wage  earners  to  join 
organizations.  These  rights  will  be  se- 
cured, Bryan  promises,  and  the  public 
will  approve. 

Imagine  the  picture  of  horror  by  Big 
Business  when  it  sees  Organized  Labor 
gaining  its  rights  through  popular  will. 
Bryan  does  not  say  these  reforms  will  be 
won  over  night.  Oh,  no,  it  means  years 
of  persistent  effort,  and  concentrated 
political  effort  by  labor,  in  which  United 
States  Senators  and  Congressmen  will  be 
made  to  respect  the  ambition  of  "a"  ma- 
jority. As  it  is,  Senators  and  Congress- 
men pay  little  or  no  attention  to  labor's 
demands  unless  the  political  district  is 
close  and  one  vote  may  decide  an  elec- 
tion.— Ex. 


The  Majesty  of  Labor 

I   hate   your   superstition,    workingmen, 

I  loathe  your  blindness  and  stupidity, 

Your  pointed  quips  have  never  made 'me  laugn  ; 

Your  senseless  chat  is  wearisome  to  me  ; 

Your  shallow  joy  is  not  the  joy  I  like  ; 

But  when  I  contemplate  your  ceaseless  toil, 

Your  quiet  activity  and  sunless  life. 

Your  works  of  splendor,  and  gigantic  strength, 

I  bow  my  head  in  reverence   to  you. 

The  cliffs  are  mighty  in  the  wilderness  : 

The  woods  are  terrible  when  shook  by  storm/; 

The  streams   are   awful    in    their   hasty   course; 

But  cliffs  and  woods,  and  streams  all  disappear 

When  touched  by  your  unconquerable  hands. 

Were  you  as  wise  as  you  are  powerful. 

You  would  be  happy,  great  and  reverend. 

— Selected. 
« 

The  Union  Label  can  be  made  a  great 
educational  force  if  we  constantly  ad- 
vocate it. 


Hsi>00  Nile  Cord  Tires 


Brand  new,  absolutely  first  cord  tires.  Guaranteed  8,000 
miles  and  adjusted  at  the  list  price  on  that  guarantee.  The 
prices  below  include  a  brand  new  United  States  Tube. 

30x3    $9.50  32x4    $16.10  8s0i $22.15 

30x3-2 11.2-5  33x4    17.00  34x4^ 23.20 

32x3;; 13.50  34x4    1S.60  35x43S 24.05 

31x4    14.10  32x41-2 21.10  33x5    25.25 

Send  no  money.    Just  write  today  and  tell  us  the  size  of  your  tires 
and  the  number  you  want.    Tires  will  be  shipped  C.  O.  D.  with  section 
unwrapped  for  inspection.    All  tires  have  non-skid  tread. 
CHARLES  TIRE  CORP.      Dept   6">1     2824  Wabash  Avenue,  Chicago 


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body  gets  this  new  Sedan  free — freight  an 

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THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRIEND 


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DON'T  BE  CUT 

Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
Treatment.  My  internal 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments. 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you   have  piles   in    any   form   write  for  a 
FREE   sample  of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  you 
will  bless  the  day  that  yon  read  this.     Write 
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W;:d5:::i  is.L  lumber  :s  high  With  Mir  Jointer 
He;  is  yon  can  buy  rough  lumber  of  any  kind  and 
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'>----'— gi     r'ue  print*, 
t.     Write  today. 


Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  Ohio 


Lay 

isbestos    Shingles 
ght   over   the    old 
shingles 

Saves  money. 

Saves  time. 

Saves  labor. 

No  muss  or  dirt. 

Old  shingles   are  val- 
j  uable    as    additional 
insulation  and  protec- 
tion. 

i  Asbestos  Shingles  are 
fire-proof. 

I  They  make  a  roof  of 
artistic  beauty. 

!  They  last  as  long  as 
the  house. 

This  booklet  will  bring 
i  re-roofing  business  for 
:  u.  Send  it  to  your  pros- 
pts. 


:qsf&t 


mi 


Spring  brings 

re-roofing  prospects 


THERE  is  a  clean,  prof- 
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Manville  Asbestos  Shing- 
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Johns-Manville  Asbes- 
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owner  because  they  are 
beautiful,  permanent  and 
fire- safe.  He  likes  the 
idea  of  laying  them  over 
the  old  roof  because  it's 
cleaner  and  cheaper  than 
tearing  off  the  old  shing- 
les. 

It's  an  easier  job  for 
for  you,  too.  No  ripping 
off  warped  shingles  and 
rusty    nails    that    fall    on 


the  lawn  and  make  the 
owner  kick.  Just  a 
straight  nail- on  job  that 
brings  you  to  the  ridge  in 
record  time. 

And  when  you're  done, 
the  job  is  a  credit  to  you. 
There  isn't  a  better  look- 
ing or  more  permanent 
roof  than  Johns-Manville 
Asbestos  Shingles.  It 
pleases  the  owner  and 
lays  the  groundwork  for 
future  business. 

Ask  your  nearest  Johns- 
Manville  Branch  to  show 
you  more  about  the  sales 
possibilities  of  Asbestos 
Shingles  for  "re-roofing." 


l>rouj>h- 


JOHNS-MANVILLE  Inc.,   Madison  Ave.,  at  41st   St. 

New  York  City 

Branches  in  59  Large  Cities 

For  Canada:CANADIAN  JOHNS-MANVILLE  CO.,  Ltd.,  Toronto 


^hJTjohns  -Manville 

Asbestos  Shingles 


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V 


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Keep  one  of 
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thieTes  and  hold 
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Buy  one  of  these  automatics  and  be  always  fully  pro- 
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No.    FD-no   is   25-caL     7-shot,  as  illustrated.     $Q.75 

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No.    FD-120  is   larger  size,  32-cal.,  military    niin  Qp, 


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No.     FD-125     30-cal.     geuine     Luger. 

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PARAMOUNT  TRADW3  CO. 
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Why  Many  Men 
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Perhaps  the  most  common 
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if  desired.  Parents 
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n  small  payments. 

£*<)a**  Wheels,  lamps,  horns,  equipmentat 
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W™1^    Get  Your 

rree 

$1.00  PACKAGE  OF  GENUINE 
YEAST  VITAMINE  TABLETS  from 

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If  you  are  thin  and  emaciated  and 
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flesh  and  increase  your  weight, 
Yeast  Vitamine  Tablets  should  be  used  in 
connection  with  organic  Nuxated  Iron.  With- 
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absolutely  useless.as  your  body  cannot  cliange 
inert,  lifeless  food  into  living  cells  and  tissue 
unless  you  have  plenty  of  organic  iron  in  your 
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NUXATED IRON 


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ARCHITECTURAL,    MECHANICAL,    SHEET   META 
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COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1901 

_____  Dept.    I0A.   Orexel  Bldg.,   Phila.,   Pa.  ___ 


Don't  Wear  a  Tru* 

BROOKS"  appliance,  • 
■°  modern,  scientific  Imr 
tion,  the  wonderful  new 
covery  that  cures  rupture  1 
be  sent  on  trial.  No  obn  ■ 
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Binds  and  draws  the  br(P 
parts  together  as  you  w ' 
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Catalog  and  measure  bW 
mailed  free.  Send  name  1 
address  today.  Never  on  « 
in  stores.  Don't  be  foolec' 
imitations.  Look  for  tie 
mark  signature  of  C.  • 
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every  appliance.  None  o  » 
C.    E.   BROOKS,   Inventor     genuine. 

Brooks  Appliance  Co.,  252  F  State  St.,  Marshall,  m 


___. 


Now  *22§i 
Price  Slashed 

Send  the  coupon  with  only  $1.00  and  we'll  ship  this 
entire  6-piece  fumed  solid  oak  library  set  to  your  home 
on  tria1 .  We've  smashed  the  price !  A  few  months  ago 
we  had  to  charge  $35.90  for  this  very  same  set.  But  now, 
because  the  factory  needed  money  and  we  had  the  cash, 
we  are  able  to  cut  the  price  way  down  to  $22.85!  And 

on  easy  monthly  payments  of  only  $2.50  a  month! 

1|     Only  $1.00  brings  the  entire  set  on  approval— 

%     we  take  the  risk. 

3©  Days  Trial! 

When  you  get  this  magnificent  6-piece  library 
set,  put  it  in  your  living  room  or  library  and 
use  it  freely  for  30  days.  Don't  pay  another 
penny.  Examine  it  thoroughly.  Note  the 
ssive  solid  construction— the  beautiful  finish— the  fine  upholstery  and  graceful  lines, 
mpare  it  with  anything  you  can  buy  locally  at  anywhere  near  the  same  price — even  for 
ot  cash.    Then,  if  not  satisfied,  return  the  set  at  our  expense  and  we  will  refund  your 

00  at  once,  plus  any  freight  charges  you  paid. 

Inly  $2.50  a  Month  |§I1 

re  paid  $22.85 — payments  so  low  and  so  convenient  that  you  will  scarcely  feci  them.    A 

1  year  to  pay— at  the  rate  of  only  a  fe^v  c:nts  a  day— less  than  one  fritters  away  every 
F  for  trifles.  We  trust  honest  people  anywhere  in  the  United  States.  One  price  to  all, 
in  or  credit.  No  discount  for  cash.  Notonopenny  extra  for  credit.  No  C.O.D.  in 


®t— Fumed  Solid  Oak 


Set  is  made  of  selected  solid  oak  throughout,  finished 
in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown  fumed  oak.  All  tho  four 
chairs  are  padded;  upholstered  with  brown  Delavan 
Spanish  leather,  the  best  imitation  ox  genuine  Spanish 
leather  known.  The  upholstering  is  a  rich  brown  color. 

Arm  Chaif  Is  a  roomy,  dignified  piece  of  furni- 
ture, comfortable  and  big  enough  for  a  very  large 
person  while  not  seeming  too  large  for  the  ordinary 
occupant.     Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in. ,  height  26  In. 

Arm  Rocker  is  a  massive,  stately,  comfortable 
piece,  with  bcar/JfuMy  designed  back,  wide,  shapely 
arms,  and  smooth  operating  runners.  Seat  19  x  17 1-2 
in.,  height  36  in. 

Sewing  Rocker   te   unusually    attractive    end 
useful.    Scat  17  x  17  in,,  height  o5  in. 
Reception  Chair  has  berutiful  shape  to  match 
other  pieces.    Scat  measures  17x17  in.,  height35  in. 

Library  TabJe— a  beautiful  piece  of  library  fur- 
niture. Beautifully  decigned  ends  to  match  chairs 
with  roomy  magazine  shelf  below.  Legs  cut  of  2  in. 
stock;  massive,  dignified.  Top  measures  22  1-4  x  34  in. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces.  A 
decoration  to  your  living  room  or  librcry.  Carefully 
built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2  in,  high;  the  top 
12  x  12  inches. 

Entire  set  shipped  knocked  down  construction.   Easy 

tosetup.    Saves  freight  diaries.  Wt.  about  17511)3. 

Order  by  No.  BG943A.    51.00  with 

coupon,  $2.50  a  month,  price  $22.85* 


tendCouponNowf 


REE  Bargain  Catalog 

nows  thousands  of  bargains  in 
irmture,  jewelry,  carpets,  rugs, 
irtains,  silverware,  phono- 
"apbs,  stoves,  porch  and  lawn 
irmtare,  women's,  men's  and 
uldren'8  wearing  apparel. 


traus  &  Schram,, 

■- 


Don't  delay  on  this  special  reduced  price 
offer.  Got  the  6-piece  library  set  on  30 
days  trial.  We  have  only  a  limited  num- 
ber of  sets.  They  are  therefore  not  listed 
in  our  regular  catalog.  We  have  reserved 
them  for  new  customers.  Get  your  set 
while  they  last.  Only  $1.00  deposit  brings 
the  set  on  trial.  Money  refunded  if  not 
satisfied.  Send  the  coupon  today— NOW! 

Register  3014 
West  35th  Street,  Chicago,  I1L 


Straus  &  Schram,  Reg.  3014     W,  35th  St.,  Chicago 


set,  1  will  pay  you  S2.50  monthly.        .. 
return  the    set  within  30  days  and  you  I 
and  aay  freight  charsres  I  paid. 

0  6-Fiece  library  Set  No.  BG943A,  S22.6F 


Name 

Street,  E.F.D. 

or  Box  No , 

Skipping 

Point 

Pest 

Office. State. 

If  you  only  want  catalog  put  X  in  box  below: 

:  C  Furniture,  Stoves, Jewelry  lj  Men's,  Women's  Children'sCIolhais 


SKAT 


HAND  SOAP 

Let  Us  Send   You  a  Sample 
FREE 

WRITE  TO 

The  SKAT  Company 
Hartford,  Conn.       s 


The  IMPROVED  Rapid  Floor  Surfacer 


Made  in  Several  Sizts 


villi  surface  right  up  to  the 
xalJ  or  baieboard  without  the 
use  of  edge-roller. 

Juit  the  machine  you  would 
~'-~- '■  '■-■  '-  ---:-:--.;  i.;  ;_:.  -_■ 
of  wood  floors,  whether  old 
or   new.      Will    smooth    down 

re.;:  _ .v  -.:  .  easily  l1. 
joints  or  warped 
~  :;;  Per'-::  reee'.is 
guaranteed.    More 

thi-  :.  :.:  :-   _ie 


Send  for  Our  Free 

Trial  Offer 

M.  L.  Schlueter 

220   West    III, roil 
Street,  Chicago 


economize  ;  :  : 
AUTOMATIC  SASH   HOLDERS 

Do 
Away 
With 
Sash 
Weights, 
Cords.  Pulleys, 
Balances.    Etc 

Send  SI- 00  for  trial  set  prepaid.     Mention  -=;-'--. 
of  sash  when  ordering.     Address  Dept.   C. 

HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

500  Fifth  Avenue  >"ew  York   >".  Y. 


T~  PLUMB  AND 
LEVEL 
I'.:::;:: ::'  le.rj  -::;  .'. 
aluminum.  Can  be  easi- 
ly attached  to  any 
straight  edge.  Simple  to 
adjust.      Guaranteed    ac- 

Priee  SI. CO   Deli  isred. 

PIN    MANUFACTURING 

CO. 
Box    1073,    Detroit.   Mien. 


THE  GUNN  SELF-FASTENING  FOLDING  SAW  CLAMP 


Will  instantly  fasten  itself  to  work  bench,   tool  box. 

l:e:i     ;:i=;      ::   -11=    ::'    Luneer     r:.il    ::"   :"=-;  = — ".:    a-y 
suitable    place — ir.1    -xi~.~z.-~~~    -::-~i    :r    -ills      ::    i:.r 
i    of    fastening;    stands    firmer    than    any 
:ii=i:  7T--  lee:—  .  ;::e~e    e::.ils   ir.il  Ira  es. 
'-.-'.  zzzi.'-'.- '.'.'.-    'i.z.     -/--    :-7.-'-.--   --_-\z\   ~-.z:.- 


Money 


Holds  the  Saw  TIGHT  —  Anywhere! 


CLAN    GUNS'    FOLDING   SAW    CLAMP    CO., 
P.    0.    Box   643,    Pittsburgh,    Pa. 


For  Twenty  Years  we  have  issued  this   Union  Stamp  for  use  under  our 

Voluntary     Arbitration     Contract 


.WORKERS  UNION, 


UNIONk;  STAMP 

Factory 


OUR  STAMP   INSURES: 

Peaceful  Collective  Bargaining 

Forbids  Both  Strikes  and   Lockouts 

Disputes   Settled   by  Arbitration 

Steady    Employment   and    Skilled   Workmanship 

Prompt  Deliveries  to  Dealers  and  Public 

Peace   and   Success   to   Workers    and    Employers 

Prosperity   of    Shoe    Making    Communities 

As  loyal  union  men  and  women,  we  ask  you  to 
demand  shoes  bearing  the  above  Union  Stamp  on 
Sole,    Insole    or    Lining. 


Boot&Shoe  Workers  Union 

246  SUMMER  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 
CoJlis   Lovely,   General  President.      Charles   L.   Baine,   General  Secretary=Treasurer 


Why  live  with  cracked 
walls  and  ceilings  ? 

Fir  them  up  today.  Simply  nail  big  Beaver  Board 
panels  nght  over  the  old  plaster.  Paint  the  surface,  apply , 
the  decorative  wood  strips,  and  at  small  cost  convert  old 
rooms  into  attractive  new  interiors.  There's  no  muss  or 
litter,  no  delay.  Beaver  Boarding  is  quick,  clean  work  that 
can  be  done  in  any  kind  of  weather. 

Beaver  Board  is  not  only  easy  to  apply  but  the  result  is 
permanent.  The  big  panels  are  real  manufactured  lumber, 
built  up  from  the  long  fibres  of  Northern  spruce.  Each 
panel  is  thoroughly  sealed  and  sized  by  our  exclusive 
patented  Sealiiu  process.  Beaver  Board  walls  and  ceilings 
1  Ul  1J.1I. 

Vsk  your  local  carpenter  or  building  material  deale^ 

*yT)ll  limit  ubuut  Dljili  DlUlll.  Ul  IllikU  i  luugh 
sketch  of  your  old  rooms,  giving  dimensions,  location  of 
doors  and  windows,  and  the  type  of  room,  and  mail  it  to 
our  Builders'  Service  Department  at  Buffalo.  Our  expert 
designers  will  prepare  finished  plans  and  send  you  photo- 
graphs of  similar  Beaver  Board  interiors,  all  without  charge 
or  obligation. 

.Genuine  Beaver  Board  is  handled  by  lumber  and  building 
material  dealers  everywhere.  Ask  the*  one  nearest  you  for 
sample  and  a  copy  of  our  booklet  ''Beaver  Board  and  Its  Uses." 

THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES 

ADMINISTRATION  OFFICES 

/  Buffalo,  N.  Y.  Thorold,  Ont.,  Canada  London,  Eng. 

^Dulrict  Sjltj  OfUri:     .New  York,       Chicago,        tanii;  Cr.',       Adasia  and  Buffalo 


repairs  teams*  you  Jear  th* 
trouble  or  crperut.  Lie 
Beater  Beard.  Thecox  u 
jurpruwily  tele  Bearer 
Board  for  fimir.inr  an  ordi- 
narylirrni  room 
Jrorn    Ji!    up. 


boa 


BOARD 


BEAVER 
QUALITY 


suits   unless   (hi: 


FOR..    BETTEjRw    WALLS     &>    CEILING^ 

If  you  are  not  already  benefiting  by  Beaver  Board's 

big  advertising  campaign  and  taking  advantage  of 

our  pool  car  plan  to  cut  shipping  costs,  write  our 

nearest  office  for  complete  details  today. 


Switzer's  Improved  Butt  and  Lock  Gauge 


For  Placing  Butt.  Mortising  for  lock, 
gauging  for  strike- plate.  Length  3*4 
in.,  width  1%  in.,  9-16  in.  thick. 

Design  neat,  sheet  Steel  case,  dull 
nickel  finish,  marking  spurs  have 
slotted  hole,  permitting  adjustment 
for  clearance,  overcoming  difference 
in  width  of  lock  and  strike-plate,  be- 
ing fastened  to  blocks  carried  on 
screws  revolved  by  means  of  knurled 
nuts,  extending  through  indentures 
in.  but  below-  surface  of,  the  case. 

If  not    carried  by   local    merchant, 
send  $2.50  P.  O.  money  order  to 

J.   D.  SWITZER 
Box  1 132.  Portland,  Oregon. 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"'  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  both  insi 


itside  measurements 


Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
once  and  you  will  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

841C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


The  Sargent 
Auto-Set 
Bench  Plane 

Everycarpenter  should 
have  a  Sargent  Auto- Set 
Bench  Plane  in  his  kit.  It  is 
a  true,  clean  and  fast  cutting 
tool  that  will  not  chatter  on 
the  most  difficult  job. 

The  Auto-Set  feature 
means  a  big  saving  of  time. 
You  can  remove  the  blade  for 
sharpening  and  replace  it  in 
exactly  the  same  position 
without  re-adjustment.  The 
clamp  and  cap  are  in  one 
part.  There  is  ample  handle 
room.  Made  in  six  sizes. 
Smooth  or  corrugated  bot- 
tom. 

If  you  are  interested  in 
fine  tools,  you  should  have 
the  Sargent  Book  of  Planes 
which  fully  describes  the 
Auto- Set  and  other  Sargent 
Planes.  A  copy  will  be  sent 
you  free  on  request. 

SARGENT  &  COMPANY 

Hardware  Manufacturers 

55  Water  Street  New  Haven,  Conn. 


The  American  Woodworker 

Gasoline,  Kerosene,  or  Electric  Driven 
Used  on  the  Job  or  in  the  Shop 

Also  Made  With   Band  Saw  Attached 

Let  us  send  you  our  Bulletin  No.  77 
describing  this  and  other  profit  pro- 
ducers for  the  Carpenter,  Contrac- 
tor and  Iiuilder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Company 

136  Main  Street,   Hackettstown,  N.  J. 


New    York    Office,    5 
Philadelphia    Office, 


)    Church    St. 
The     Bourse. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike- plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured  by 

M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  IT.  No.  158. 


No. 


1.      Strike=plate. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


No.  2.     Lock. 


CAL. 


The  Improved  Gem  Scriber 

The   Tool    of   Many    Uses.    One   "Best 
Bet"  for  all  Wood  Workers.    (Price  45c.) 

Excniuufsiv%reb?  F.  Brais  &  Company 

1349  East  90th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio 


tt 


The    Building    Labor    Calculator" 


By  Gordon   M.   Tamblyn. 

Gives  LABOR  HOURS   on:     Excavations,   Sheet  Piling,    Concrete,   Reinforcing  Steel,    Concrete  Forms,   Cement  Wort, 
Common    Brick,    Press    Brick,,    Tile    and    Plaster    Block    Partitions,    Stone    Work.     Terra    Cotta.     Rough    Carpentry. 
Finish    Carpentry,    Lathing    and    Furring.    Plain    PlasUring.    Ornamental    Plastering,    Interior    Marble,    Sheet    Metal 
Work.   Slate  Roofs,   Tile  Roofs,   Composition   Roofs,   etc.,   Painting  and  Decorating,   etc. 
A  Bungalow  or  a  Skyscraper — Fire-proof  or  iion-Fire-Proof. 
Simple — Accurate — Rapid.     Send  for  descriptive  literature. 
WESTERN   SCHOOL   OF   ESTIMATING   AND    PLAN    READING,  210   W.    13th   Ave.,    Denver.   Colorado. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 
The    Standard    the    World    Over 


Established  1790 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


PRE.MAX   WALL   TIES   AND   PLUGS 

Strong — Permanent — Correctly  designed 

From  your  dealer  or  direct 

NIAGARA   .METAL   STAMPING    CORPORATION 
Division  C Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 


The  Rustless  Rule 


ir,  . .:-.:    -.-..:    L =:   iitu'.i   tz^e.   It  ir:n't  ruit, 

:s     .::e  =     ;:.:.;       :   =  .=    .=;=     :.._.:.     ;    i.a.    ru.-.     yt:    is    :'-=:    11 

tgths  2  to  8  ft.     If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  ui 

THERLSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 

B.  Buffalo,   N.  Y. 


lumbing,  Heating  and  Pneumati< 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


"VThen  in  the  market  for  Plumbing.  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  3"ou  wish  to 

Save  20  to 


\% 


on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 

B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


Send  for  Catalog 


K&E  MEASURING  TAPES 

are   well  made,  of   good    material,  and  are  reliable. 

Prices  Revised  Send  For  New  Price         I 

*    KEUFFEL    &    ES5ER    Co.   • 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 
TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 

Are  You  One  Of  Them? 

Sold  By  Leading  Hardware  Dealers  Everywhere 

Send  for  Bock  :   '  Care  cf  >;.  —  ."  free  to  members  cf 

The  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York 


J 


FOR  HAND  SAWS 


Tui  Way,  rll  Chappell  Automatic  Ball  Betrinj  Eleetrit 
J-  Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finitb 
jMn   new  or  old   floors   quickly   and   just 

"If '  gvillTY""-;?  xTVJ'is   the  Z-s:   ?==-- 


No.  1  for  the  expert, 

'•Special"  for  anyone. 

Nos.   3   &  4  for   Cross-cut  and   Circular 

No.  5  for  Timber  and  Board  saws. 

CHAS.  MORRILL:  New  York. 


sept    T 


SET  SAWS 

Just  Right 


MCNEILL  Manufactured   by 

Wajvell    Chapcell    &.    Co. 

137  N.  Jackson  St.      Dept,  , 

Waukegan,    III, 


SSWSETS 


REQ.   U.  S.  PAT.   OFF. 


"BAYONNE" 


may     be      imitated      but 
it    cannot    be    duplicated 

Carpenters  and  builders  the  country  over 
have  for  years  used  "Bayonne"  as  a  cov- 
ering for  tlie  roofs  and  floors  of  piazzas, 
sun   parlors,   sleeping   porches,   etc. 

It  is  absolutely  waterproof.  Requires  no 
white  lead  bedding  yet  lays  flat.  It  has 
proved  its  efficiency  by  long  years  of 
service. 

.  Write  to  the  manufacturers  for 
sample  book  "T" 


JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    I860 


doame'It.  NEW  YORK 

BRANCH  202-204   MARKET  ST. 


70-72 
READE  ST. 
ST.    LOUIS 


Mr.  Carpenter 


Wouldn't  You 
L  i  k  e  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 
of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 

WEATHER= 

STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell  You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 


FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Ave.  Chicago 


-IE 

•CPERT'S 

40ICE 

;le 


es  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
e  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time  by 
;r  50%.     By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
your  first  filing  job  alone.     It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
i  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 
Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says:       "The   Expert's 
Choice  File  files  18  hand  saws  and  Is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
a  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert  s  Choice  does  not  prove 
ie  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used       DELTA 
W  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth — also  for  that 
ra  hard  saw.      Buy    your   tools    of    the    dealer    who    sell. 
Ita  Files.      He  is  the  quality  man. 

'ial  Offer    If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20o. 
25c  or  30c  for  trial    file,    sent    prepaid.     Do 
■  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


E  HIGHEST  GRADE  FILE  MADE" 
LTA"HAND   SAW"  FILES 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL* 
( 

MECHANIC'S    FAVORITE^ 

r 
EXPERTS   CHOICE       -  *■ 

-'  'WiCt  IHt.WOat  IN  HALF  THE  TIME 

"  File  You  Will  Eventual-lt"  Use 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
ai  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


n»  kul  Abju  Bit  Flic  nude —  We  will  deliw  as  receipt  <S  30  i-jli  eeca. 


Get  this 
$15«Book 

FREE! 


It  tells  the  builder  how  to  select  a  site, 
how  to  plan  the  rooms,  and  what  mater- 
ials are  best  for  various  types  of  construc- 
tion.    This  $1.50  book  is  presented  free. 

With  Your  BUILDERS'  LIBRARY 

A  $7.00  library  for  $5.00.  All  standard 
works.  Sent  on  approval  with  our  special 
return  privilege  guarantee. 

Hick's  NEW  BUILDER'S  GUIDE 

Just  out — latest  revised  edition  covering 
masonry,  roof  framing,  etc.  Let  these  time- 
and  worry-saving   tables   work  for   you. 

Cosarove's  HOLLOW  TILE  CONSTRUCTION 

Fire  proof  construction  clearly  explained 
with  chapters  on  walls,  floors,  roofs,  parti- 
tions, etc..  with  photographs  and  floor  plans 
of  finished  buildings. 

Arthur's  ESTIMATING  BUILDING  COSTS 

Time-saving  short  cuts — up-to-the  minute 
tables — indispensable  for  correctly  estimating 
all  kinds  of  building  work. 

YOUR  OPPORTUNITY  COUPON 


U.  P.  C.  Book  Company,  Inc.,  243  W.  39th  St.,  New  York 

For  the  enclosed  remittance  of  $5.00  send  me  post- 
paid mv  BTJUJDERS'  I.Il'.KAKi  together  with  FREK 
COPY  of  BUILDER'S  GUIDE,  with  the  understand- 
ing that  if  I  return  these  books  within  5  days  my 
money  will  be  promptly  refunded. 


Name 
I       Address 


mm 


F"  N/1  /? 

UJ  S  ^ 

Quality 

Uniformity 

Responsibility 


or  £veriastinp  Cconomy) 

Increase  Your 
Income 

Let  us  show  you  how 


Turn  your  practical  building  knowledge  into  money  for  your- 
self. Many  of  our  friends  among  carpenters  find  a  profitable 
sideline  in  selling  Oak  Flooring.  Sales  are  easy  when  you  know 
how.  And  your  work  puts  you  in  contact  with  many  Al 
prospects  who  will  buy  if  they  are  only  approached  before 
they  build. 

There  is  little  you  need  to  learn.  Only  a  few  selling  facts  and  figures 
which  our  free  booklets  give  you.  The  main  thing  is  to  know  building — and 
that  you  know  already. 

Xo  capital  is  required  to  make  good  money  for  yourself  by  following  our 
directions.  It  will  not  interfere  with  your  work.  Write  for  the  booklets  today. 
They  are  FREE. 

oak  viQomtQjmMm 

of  the  U.   S. 

1051   Ashland   Block,  Chicago,  III. 


smiidPIfii* 


HH9H^raBHHBH^< ' 


Be  a  Weatherstrip  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $10,000  or  More — 

Yearly  Prepare  for  the  Spring 

Building  Boom 

Selling  and  installing  weatherstrip  is  a 
new  and  uncrowded  business.  The  Spring 
Season  is  going  to  be  alive  with  oppor- 
tunities for  the  contractor-agent  who  is 
equipped  to  go  after  this  business. 
Allmetal  "Weatherstrip  is  favorably 
known  and  preferred  by  architects  and 
general  contractors. 

Get   Our  Selling  Proposition   Now 

Between  this  and  Spring  you  can  be 
equipping  old  buildings  and  landing  con- 
tracts for  new  buildings  to 
be  put  up  later  on.  Every 
building  is  a  prospect.  Hun- 
dreds of  buildings  right 
now  in  your  vicinity  need 
weatherstrip. 

GET    INTO    A    BUSINESS 
OF  YOUR   OWN 

Don't  get  caught  out  of 
work  again — build  up  a 
business  of  your  own  and 
one  that  pays  big.  We 
furnish  models  and  assist 
you  to  land  contracts. 
Weatherstrip  contractros 
make  good  money  right 
from   the  start. 

Write    today    for    complete 
information 

ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP 
COMPANY 

1264   West    Kinzie    Street  CHICAGO 


3    Units 

K.    L.    M. 

adaptable 

to    Any 

Kind    of    Sash 

Pullman 

UNIT   SASH   BALANCE 
With  New  Tape  Hook 

Cost  less  than  Cord  and  Weight  in- 
stallation more  durable,  neater  and 
more   quiet. 

The  new  Tape  Hook  makes  it  pos- 
sible to  fasten  or  unfasten  the  tape 
from  the  sash  while  sash  is  in  place. 
Xo  fussing  with  the  stop;  no  man 
or  scratches;  no  refinishing;  no  lo^t 
time,  guaranteed  for  10  years. 
Free  illustrated  catalog,  full  of 
Modern  Window  Operating  Informa- 
tion, sent  on  request. 

Pullman  Mfg.  Co. 

234  South  Avenue  Rochester,  N.  Y. 
"PTJLLMANIZE   YOUR   WINDOWS" 


New 
Hook 
Tace 


Water  Pouier,  Mills  and  Timberlands  in  Wisconsin 


Cornell's  Responsibility  is  Like  a 
Guarantee  Bond  Behind  Your  Job 

Use  a  wallboard  of  known  value  made  by  a  company  of  known 
responsibility  and  you  take  no  chances. 

Our  process  of  using  pure  wood  fiber  and  "Triple-Sizing"  with 
moisture-proof  sizing  enables  us  to  guarantee  Cornell  against  warping 
and  buckling,  if  simple  directions  are  followed  in  nailing  it  to  the 
joists  and  studding,  or  over  brick  or  damaged  plaster. 

Cornell's  "Oatmeal"  finish  is  the  handsomest  effect  in  a  wallboard 
of  any  kind  and  rivals  costly  wallpaper.  The  "Mill-Primed"  surface 
means  this  board  comes  all  primed  for  painting,  thus  saves  the  work 
and  expense  of  a  priming  coat. 

Cornell  costs  less  than  lath  and  plaster.  It  is  lighter  than  plaster- 
board, so  one  man  can  apply  it. 

It  is  rigid,  but  not  brittle  —  and  does  not  crack,  break  or  chip  in 
hauling  and  handling. 

Write  us  for  sample  board  showing  "Oatmeal"  finish,  Book  No.  CA-2 
of  Cornell  Interiors  and  prices.  Our  department  of  Design  and 
Decoration  will  furnish  special  drawings  of  Interior  Panel  arrange- 
ments for  any  job  without  cost.   Write  today  or  mail  the  coupon. 


/     For  Book 
/     and  Sample 

/    Send  free  color-book 
/    No.  CA-2,  of  "Cornell 
*   Interiors,"  sample  board 
/  and  prices  to 

/ 
/  Name „ 

Eight  lengths,  6  to  16  feet  — two  widths—" Cornell SS"  and  "Cornell  i8" / 

/  Street 

CORNELL   WOOD    PRODUCTS    CO.       / 

General  Offices:  190  N.  State  Street,  Chicago,  111.      /City  State 

f  Mail  this  to  Cornell  Wood  Products 


/Co.,  190  N.  State  St.,  Chicago,  111.   ,„, 


SILVER 


YOUR  CHOICE  of  HANDLES! 

Which  style  saw  handle  do  you 
prefer,  the  old  style,  straight 
across  shape  or  the  new  im- 
proved Perfection  pattern? 

There  are  many  carpenters  who 
prefer  the  old  style  handle  and 
many  who  like  the  new  Per- 
fection pattern,  therefore  we 
make  both  styles  and  when  buy- 
ing an 

Atkins  silfi  Saw 

you  have  }^our  choice.  Try  them 
both — see  which  you  like  best. 

The  upper  saw  in  the  illustra- 
tion, Atkins  No.  53,  shows  the 
Perfection  Handle  and  the  lower, 
Atkins  No.  51,  shows  the  old 
style  model. 

Ask  your  dealer  to  show  )tou 
both  styles,  and  take  your  choice. 


Send  25c  for  carpenter 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense  Booklet. 


E.C.ATKINS  &  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  1857  THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPLE 

Home  OfficS-M\d  Factory,  IND1ANAP0US.INDIANA 

CanttdianFacrory.  Hamilton  Ontario 

Machine  Knife  Factory,  Lancaster  N.Yv 

Branches  Carrying  Complete  SfocksJnTne Following  Cil>9i_ 

Atlanta  New  Orleans  Seattle 

Memphis  New  York  City  Paris.  France 

Chicago  Portlaj\d,Ore.  Sydney.  N.  S-™ 

°^i\Frarvcisco  Vancouver,  B-^» 


Minneapolis 


This  48-page 
Time  Book  is  Yours 
for  the  Asking    I 

Just  what  you've  been  wanting,  too.  The 
Sheetrock  Time  Book  contains  tables  and 
other  valuable  data  for  carpenters  and  con- 
tractors. Return  of  the  coupon  brings  you 
a  copy ,  absolutely  free. 

We  are  making  you  this  present  because  we 
want  you  to  become  better  acquainted  with  SHEET- 
ROCK,  the  fireproof,  non  -warping  wallboard.  Think  of 
it!  Ceiling -high  sheets  of  specially  toughened  Gypsum 
Plaster,  %  inch  thick  and  fibre  surfaced,  that  you  nail 
directly  to  the  studding  and  joists.  No  lathing  or  plast 
ing.    It  costs  no  more  than  ordinary  wallboard. 

U{J      Don't  forget  to  ask  for  your  Time  Book.   Better  send 
VWJ      coupon  now  while  you  have  it  in  mind. 

a  ^k  Sheetrock  comes  in  standard  sizes — %  in. 

^        J  thick,  32  or  48  in.  wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 

SHEETROCI 


3he  FIRE  PROOF 


WALL BOARI 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM     COMPAN 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  235  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  III. 
Send  my  SHEETROCK  Time  Book  to— 

Name 

Address 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


It  takes  good  roofing 
to  make  good  roofs 

Your  biggest  business  asset  is  your 
reputation  for  doing  good  work.  Our 
biggest  business  asset  is  our  reputa- 
tion for  making  good  roofings.  And 
we're  guarding  our  reputation  as 
carefully  as  you're  guarding  yours. 

That's  why  you  can  safely  use  Barrett 
Everlastic  Roofings.  You  can  use 
them  on  all  steep  roofed  buildings, 
for  they're  made  in  six  different  styles 
— four  styles  of  shingles,  and  two  of 
roll  roofings. 

It  takes  good  roofings  to  make  good 
roofs,  so  don't  risk  your  reputation 
by  using  materials  of  unknown  qual- 
ity. Everlastic  Roofings  are  ahvays 
dependable. 

Write  nearest  branch  for  free  book- 
lets describing-  each  style  for  laying. 


Your  Choice  of  Six  Styles 

Everlastic     Octo-Strip 

Shi7igles. 
The  latest  development  in 
the  strip  shingle.  Beautiful 
red  or  green  mineral  sur- 
face. Made-  in  an  unique 
form  that  offers  a  variety 
of  designs  in  laying. 

Everlastic  Mult i-Sh ingles. 
Four  shingles  in  one.  Made 
of  high  grade  waterproof- 
ing materials  with  a  red 
or  green  mineral  surface. 
When  laid  they  look  exact- 
ly like  individual  shingles. 
Fire-resisting. 

Everlastic  Single  Shingles. 
Same  red  or  green  material 
as  Multi-Shingles,  hut  made 
in  single  form  ;  size,  8x123 
inches. 

Everlastic  Giant  Shingles. 
Identical  in  shape  with 
Everlastic  Single  Shingles 
but  heavier  and  thicker. 
They  are  "giants"  for 
strength    and    durability. 

Everlastic 
Mineral  Surfaced  Roofing. 
The  most  beautiful  and  en- 
during roll  roofing  made. 
Surfaced  with  everlasting 
mineral  in  art-shades  of  red 
or  green.  Combines  real 
protection  against  fire  with 
beauty.     Requires  no  paint- 


/:  verlastic"Rubber"  Roofing. 
This  is  one  of  our  most  pop- 
ular roofings.  It  is  tough, 
pliable,  elastic,  durable  and 
very  low  in  price.  It  is 
easy  to  lay  ;  no  skilled  labor 
required.  Nails  and  cement 
included  in  each  roll. 


Company 


New  York  Chicago  Philadelphia  Boston  St.  Louis  Cleveland  Cincinnati 
Pittsburgh  Detroit  New  Orleans  Birmingham  Kansas  City  Minneapolis  Dallas 
Syracuse  Peoria  Atlanta  Duluth  Salt  Lake  Citv  Bangor  Washington 
Johnstown  Lebanon  Youngstown  Milwaukee  Toledo  Columbus  Richmond 
Latrobe     Bethlehem     Elizabeth      Buffalo      Baltimore      Omaha      Houston      Denver      Jacksonville 

THE  BARRETT  COMPANY,  Limited  : 
Montreal  Toronto  Winnipeg  Vancouver  St.  John,  N.  B.  Halifax,  N.  S. 


Nicholson  Files 

should  be  on  every  work  bench 

There's  a  bit  of  pride  about  owning 
good  tools  -  in  selecting  and  using  the 
best  that  modern  methods  can  produce. 
That's  why  Nicholson  Files  are  found 
on  the  benches  and  in  the  tool  kits  of 
experienced  carpenters  the  world  over. 

For  cutting  wood  and  metal — for  keeping  other  tools  in 
perfect  condition — Nicholson  Files  and  Rasps  are  un- 
excelled. 100%  uniform,  keen  cutting  from  the  first 
stroke,  Nicholson  Files  are  preferred  the  world  over. 


LION  ML 


PROVIDENCE 


l  l   s   i 


tese  two  attractive 
mes  are  from  the 
ng-Bell  Home  Plan 
rvlce.  There  are 
ire  than  sixty 
uers  all  equally  in- 
■estlng.  The  upper 
Itare  U  Long-Bell 
ai)  No.  360.  The 
Tf  oni  Is  Long- 
11  Plan  No.  323. 
K  your  retail  lum- 
r  dealer  to  show 
i  the  entire  service. 
he  hasn't  Long- 
11  plans  write  us 
d  we  will  give  you 
'  names  of  dealers 
ting    this    service. 


Southern    Pine    Lum- 
ber  and    Timbers 

Creosoted      Lumber. 

T:mbers  Posts.   Poles. 

Ties,      Piling      Wood 

Blocks 

California    White 
Pine   Lumber 

Sash    and     Doorc 

Standardized     Wood- 
work 

Gum    and    Oak 
Lumber 

Oak   Fkcring 


TRADE 
MARKED 


IS  THERE  any  expenditure,  any  sac- 
rifice, that  brings  returns  equal  to  the 
building  of  a  home  of  your  own? 
What  could  be  finer,  what  joy  greater 
for  any  man  than  to  see  his  family  happy 
and  contented  permanently  under  a  roof 
of  their  own ! 

Truly,  a  home  is  "an  investment  with  divi- 
dends finer  than  gold.  ' 

Take  the  first  step  today.  Go  to  a  retail 
lumber  dealer.  Ask  him  to  show  you  the 
Long-Bell  home  plan  service.  Select  a  home 
design  that  fits  your  needs  and  learn  from 
the  lumberman  how  economically  Long-Bell 
homes  can  be  built. 

Modern  machinery,  faithful  adherence  to 
high  standards  of  workmanship,  strict 
observance  of  the  (trading  rules  and  i 
pendable  service  hare  enabled  The  Loi.i- 
Bell  Lumber  Company  to  apply  the  word 
Quality  to  its  product — and  these  pro- 
ducts    bear    the    Long-Bell     trade     mark. 

Ask  Your  Lumberman  for  LO[4G=BEl.L  Brand. 


The  Tone-ReLL  lumber  r.oirpanu 


.A.LONG    OUlLDlrMG        Lu 


AS    CI  fY     MO 


The  Sargent 

Auto- Set 
Bench  Plane 

E^ery  carpenter  she 
hare  a  Sargent  Anto-Set 
Bench  Plane  in  his  kit.  It  is 
a  true,  clean  and  fast  cutting 
tool  that  will  not  chatter  on 
the  most  difficult  job. 

The  Auto- Set  feature 
means  a  big  saying  f  time. 
You  can  remove  the  blade  for 
sharpening  and  replace  it  in 
exactly  the  same  position 
without  re-adjustment.  The 
clamp  and  cap  are  in  one 
part.  There  is  ample  handle 
room.  Made  in  six  sizes. 
Smooth  or  corrugated  bot- 
tom. 

If  you  are  interested  in 
fine  tools,  you  should  have 
the  Sargent  Book  of  Planes 
which  fully  describes  the 
Auto- Set  and  other  Sargent 
Planes.  A  copy  will  be  sent 
you  free  on  request. 

SARGENT   &  COMPANY 

Hardware  Manufacturers 

55  Water  Street  New  Hayen,  Conn. 


AUTO -SET    PLANE 


A  Perfect  Window 

Job  Requires   The 
Hastings    Rolup    Screen 

A  thorough  piece  of  work,  finished  in 
every  detail,  demands  the  Hastings 
Eolup  Screen — the  screen  that  rolls 
tip  lite  a  window  shade. 
This  screen  is  made  of  rust-proof  anti-. 
corrosive  Monel  nietaL  that  defies  sea< 
air  or  city  fumes  and  smoke.  Because 
of  its  mesh  it  allows  more  light  and 
gives  better  protection. 
Once  rolled  up  in  its  metal  casing  (al- 
most invisible  when  painted  to  match 
the  trim)  it  stays  up  overnight  or; 
through  the  winter  always  ready  for  in- 
stant use.  It  solves  the  difficult  storage 
problem,  ever  present  in  hotels  and  large 
buildings,  and  cuts  overhead  by  allowing 
the  windows  to  be  washed  without  re- 
moving the  screen.  It  moves  at  the  lift 
of  a  finger,  *but  does  not  fly  up.  It  can- 
not pull  out  at  the  sides  where  it  is  held 
by  side  grips  traveling  in  narrow  metal 
strips  attached  to  the  window  frame. 
It  is  adapted  to  sash,  dormer  or  case- 
ment windows  and  enables  the  window 
to  be  open  at  top,  bottom  or  both,  and 
remain  screened. 

"Will  you  help  us  install  the  Hasting* 
Eolup  Screen  this  Spring?  Or  would 
you  rather  get  the  loeal  agency  for  them 
and  handle  the  whole  proposition,  mak- 
ing a  profit  on  sales  as  well  as  installa- 
tions? Write  today  for  complete  infor- 
mation. 


J 


;  HASTINGS] 

1  Rolup  fa^ee/is 


ROLUP  SCREEN  COMPANY 

414C  East  32nd  Street  New  York  City 


drawing 


Complete  Set 


Delivered  AT  once 

Yes,  I  will  give  you  this  complete 
drawing  outfit  absolutely  free. 
The  instruments  are  in  a  hand- 
some high  clas3,  plush  lined  folding 
case.  _  They  are  regular  draftsman's 
working  instruments.  Besides  I  will 
give  you  absolutely  free,  a  20  x  25  inch 
drawing  board,  a  24  inch  T  square,  a 
12  inch  rule,  a  supply  of  drawing  paper, 
two  triangles,  a  French  curve,  pencils, 
erasers,  thumb  tacks,  etc. 

Drafting 
Salary 

demand  for  skilled  draftsmen.  Com- 
mies are  issuing  calls  every  day  for  men  to  fill  positions  paying 
5600.00  a  year.    Work  is  light,  pleasant  and  profitable. 

Wali  instruct 
Wma  Personally 


3/ii  e/  Draftsman 

I  am  Chief  Draftsman  of  a  large  and  well 

known  firm.  I  have  been  doing  the  highest  paying 
expert  drafting  work  for  a  quarter  of  a  century  and 
I  know  just  the  kind  of  training  that  is  demanded 
from  men  who  get  the  big  salaries.  I  train  you  by 
giving  you  actual,  practical  work,  the  kind  you  must  be  able 
to  do  to  hold  permanent,  big  paying  positions.  I  give  you  my 
individual  instruction.  If  your  work  is  right,  I  will  advance 
you  rapidly.  If  it  is  wrong,  I  will  show  you  where  and  make 
you  do  it  right,  and  do  all  I  can  to  make  you  an  expert  drafts- 
man and  designer  in  a  short  time. 

Write  Today  Without  Fail! 


I  Guarantee 

to  train  yon  until 
you  are  placed  in 
a  position  paying 
$250  to  $300  a 
month. 


Jend  Coupon 

:or  New  Bookl 


Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Dept.  5315,      4001  Broadway       Chicago,  Illnols 

Without  any  obligation  on  me  whatsoever,  please,  mail  yonr 
book,  "Successful  Draftsmanship"  and  full  particulars  of 
your  liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  a  few  students. 
j      It  is  understood  that  I  am  obligated  in  do  way  whatever. 

•  y°ur  name  and  address  on  the  coupon  or  a  letter  or  a  post       ■ 

J  I  and  send  it  to  me  today.  I  will  send  you  absolutely  free  and  post-        a 

I  !i  rny  new  book  "Successful  Draftsmanship,"  and  the  great  special         ■ 

!  ".  l  ™  '  am  now  making  on  which  you   get  the  comlete  J)raf  ts-        ■       Ar  _„ 

1    a  Working  Outfit  absolutely  free.    You  assume  no  obligations        ■      I*ame 

'  ny  kind  in  sending  in  the  coupon.    Get  in  line  for  a  big  paying 

j  tion.    Getting  the  book  and  full  particulars  of  the  special  offer 

I  is  first  step.  ■ 

Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

>pt.  5315,       4001  Broadway       Chicago,  HI.      Z 


jfflmii  ibi 


■b 


J I R  STY 

Screen  Clojth 


Put  On  Screen  Cloth  Which 
Has  Stood  The  Test 

The  test  for  window,  door,  or  porch 
screens  is  the  hot,  moist  weather  of 
the  tropics  or  the  constant  dampness 
along  the  sea  coast. 

Of  the  metals  in  common  use  by 
man,  pure  copper  is  the  most  dur- 
able. Near  sea  or  lake,  or  in  the 
tropics,  pure  copper  will  give  the  best 
results.  It  resists  the  corrosive  action 
of  the  elements. 

Copper,  99. 8^7  pure,  is  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth.  It 
compares  favorably  with  steel  in  tensile 
strength  and  stiffness. 

Maintain  your  good  reputation  by  putting 
on  screen  cloth  which  will  stand  the  test. 

Look  for  the  name,  Jersey  Copper  Screen 
Cloth,  on  the  rolls.     Only  put  on  screens, 

cloth  that  you  can  recommend  unquali- 
fiedly. Many  merchants  earn"  it  in  stock; 
ir  you  cannot  obtain  Jersey  cloth  in  your 
locality,  write  us  main  office  given  below) 
and  we  will  inform  vou  how  to  get  it. 
Stores  and  agencies  in  many  cities. 


The  New  Jersey  Wire  Cloth  Company 

618  South  Broad  Street 
Trenton  New  Jersey 


Roofing 
Individuality 

Distinctiveness  and  individuality  are 
/hat  every  home  owner  wants  when 
e  builds.  You  can  give  distinctive 
haracter  to  your  next  roofing  job  if 
ou  use  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles. 

>y  combining  the  rich  tones  of  deep 
.idian  red  and  the  cool  sage  green  slate 
arfaced  finishes,  or  by  reversing  the 
rips,  nine  different  designs  may  be 
iid.  One  or  another  of  these  attractive 
esigns  will  unquestionably  suit  the 
rtistic  taste  of 
ny  home  builder. 


The  RUBEROID  Co. 

95  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 
Chicago  Boston 


The  illustration  shows  but  one  of  these 
designs.  Lack  of  color  prevents  our 
giving  you  a  better  idea  of  the  attrac- 
tiveness of  this  Ruberoid  Roof.  The 
natural  crushed  slate,  the  cut  corners, 
and  the  unusual  massiveness  of  this 
shingle,  always  assure  a  pleasing  effect, 
regardless  of  the  design  selected. 

On  request,  we  will  gladly  send  you  a 
book  describingthis  shingle  and  illustrat- 
ing the  way  in  which  different  designs 
may  be  obtained 
through  its  use. 


5HING 


AND 


ROOFING 


What  Carpenters  Say  About 
Pool's  Interurban  Special- 

The  Special   Carpenters'  Overall  with  /. 

12  Special  Pockets,  4  Convenient  Loops       '   Mm 
and  Several  Other  Important  Features.  /  : 

A  carpenter  in  Baltimore,  Md.,  says  :  "Would  not 
wear  any  other  kind."  1111111 

From   Oran,   Mo.  :     "They   are  the  most  serviceable  ;_ 

I  ever  wore."  j  3El 

Germantown,  Pa.  :  "Materials  equal  to  the  best  and 
the  many  pockets  are  a  big  convenience  and  save  lots 
of  trouble."  SHelli 

Glens  Falls,  X.  Y. :    "Enclosed  is  money  order  for  v$d 

another  pair  of  Interurban  Special  Carpenters*  Over- 
alls just  like  I  got  last  year.  They  are  the  best  I 
ever  wore." 

Get  your  merchant  to  order  you  a  pair  so 
you  can  see  what  they  are.  Or  send  us  §2.25 
and  we  will  send  you  a  pair  prepaid.  If  you 
don't  like  it  you  can  return  it  and  get  your 
money. 

Sherman  Overall  Mfg.  Co. 

SHERMAN,  TEXAS 
We  Make  Every  Pair  Make  Good 


UNION 
MADE 


Tips  to  Builders 

"Check  in"  on  what  you  know 
and  what  your  customers  know 
about 


(9 


cypr  4. 

"THE  WOOD  ETERNAL 

and  never  forget  this  import- 
ant fact — 

"Cypress  is  the  world's  standard 
specialty  wood  for  its  particular 
uses,  and  not  merely  an  alternative 
commodity." 

For  General  Outdoor  Use,  for  all  exterior 
trim  on  residences  and  all  places  suscep- 
tible to  Rot  influences.  You  will  of 
course  tell  your  customer  to  insist  on 
"All-Heart"  grade. 

When  you  buy.  look  for  the 
CYPRESS  Trade-ilark  Arrow 
on  every  board.  It's  your 
guarantee    of    proper    grading 

TuiM«lSiB.S.PxrOm=        at    tne    mill 

SOUTHERN  CYPRESS  MANUFAC- 
TURERS' ASSOCIATION 

1252   Poydras   Building,   New  Orleans,   La.,  or 
1252  Graham  Bldg.,  Jacksonville,  Fla. 


SAVE 
MONEY 


The  best  method  of  splicing  tim- 
ber on  scaffolding,  shoring,  prop- 
ping, etc.  Write  for  further  infor- 
mation today. 


SCHENK 

TIMBER  CLAMP  CORI 

Managed  bij  Cosmopolitan  Industries  Inc* 

501  FIFTH  AVE.  NEWYORF 


iend   for   This 

7 REE  Test  Lesson 


Train  in 
Spare 
Time 


>lan 
Leading 

you  are  aru- 

ious  to  make^j 

j  r  e  money, 

u  must   get 

•    training 

it  will  make 

u  worth  more. 

s    the    man    who 

$t  uses  his  head  that  becomes  Fore- 

in  and  Superintendent  or  wTho  gets 

i  most  business  as  a  Contractor. 

is  free  lesson  will  show  you  how  to 
sily  become  a  building  expert — how 
.i  can  command  a  larger  income. 
t  a  penny  to  send  for  it,  only  the 
ipon.     Mail  it  today. 

■e  we  give  you  simply  an  outline  of  our 
rses  to  show  the  ground  they  cover.  Our 
alogs  give   complete   information. 

iy  Raising  Knowledge  for 
[en  in  the  Building  Trades 

n  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan. 
,v  to  read  dimensions.  How  to  read  de- 
drawings.  How  to  lay  out  work  from 
is  and  specifications.  How  to  stake  out 
dings.  Practice  in  reading  complete  blue 
it  plans  from  basement  to  roof,  etc.,  etc. 
ns  of  brick  building  fully  explained. 

mating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of 
.erials.  Estimating  time  and  labor.  How 
igure  brick  work.  All  about  cost  of  ex- 
■itions,  concrete  work,  etc.  Brick  and 
ie  construction.  Concrete.  Lathing  and 
itering.  Fireproofing.  Glazing.  Plumb- 
Heating.  Wiring,  etc.,  etc. 
erintending.  Method  of  work  on  all 
ses  buildings.  Uses  and  preparation  of 
.lnds  of  material.  Hiringandhandlingmen. 
l)  Special  Courses  Architectural  Drafting 
tContractors  and  in  Plumbing  and  Heating 
Ventilation,  all  taught  by  practical  men. 

ail  the  Coupon-Today 

■you  have  to  do  to  get  the  Free  Lesson 
full  information  about  Chicago  "Tech" 
nlng  is  to  put  X  in  the  coupon  to  show 

'  en  subjects  interests  you — then  mail  it. 
obligation   on    you    for   asking    this — no 

)  mse.     We   gladly   send   it   all   free.      So 

1 1    the    coupon — now. 

^ W*_M — ■ •_« ■— ■__ 


^CAGO   TECHNICAL   COLLEGE, 
J39  Chicago  "Tech"   Building,  Chicago, 
•out    obligation    on    me    please    send     Free    Trial 
>n   on  the  course  I  have   marked   X   below. 

[J      Plan  Reading  and  Estimating, 
[j     Architectural  Drafting. 


p  Office  state_ 

ipatlon 


lLlJeu)el 
Turlington 


Adjusted  to  the  Second       2 1  Ruby  and  Sapphire  Jewels 
Adjusted  to  Temperature  25  Year  Gold  Strata  Case 
Adjusted  to  Isochronism     Your  Choice  of  Dials 
Adjusted  to  Positions  {Including  Montgamtrw  iS.  R.  Dial) 

New  Ideas  in  Thin  Cases 


Onh 


^DoWn 


Only  One  Dollar  Down  will  buy  this  masterpiece  of  watch 
manufacture.  The  balance  you  are  allowed  to  pay  in 
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that  of  other  high-grade  watches.  Besides,  you  have  the 
selection  of  the  finest  thin  model  designs  and  latest  styles 
in  watch  cases.  Don't  delay!  Write  for  the  FREE  Watch 
Book  and  our  SPECIAL  OFFER  today. 


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Get  the  Burlington  Watch  Book  by  sending  this  coupon. 
Find  out  about  this  great  special  offer  which  is  being  made 
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be  able  to  "steer  clear"  of  the  over-priced  watches  which 
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ments. Send  the  coupon  for  watch  book  and  our  special 
offer  TODAY1    Do  not  delay  one  minute! 

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Burlington  Watch  Company 

Dept.  5315,  19th  St.  &.  Marshall  Blvd.,  Chicago 
Canadian  Address:  62  Albert  St.,  Winnipeg.  Manitoba 

Please  send  me  (without  obligations  and  prepaid)  your  free 
book  on  watches  with  full  explanation  of  your  $1.00  down 
offer  on  the  Burlington  Watch. 


S  Name  — 
I  Address 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time,  by 
over  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
on  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — hi  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.  Chicago,  says:       "The  Expert's 
Choice  File  files  18  hand  saws  and  Is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  SOc  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert's  Choice  does  not  prove 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used.      DELTA 
SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 
extra   hard  saw.      Buy   your   tools    of    the    dealer    who   sell. 
Delta  Files.     He  is  the  quality  man. 
Trinl  fifffr    I'  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you,  send  us  20c. 

1   I  IU.I    KJII^I       25c    or    30(,    f()r    trIa,       fl,e_      gent      prepald         Do 

this  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


"THE  HIGHEST  GRADE  FILE  MADE 
0 E LTA "  HAN  D   SAW"  FJ LES 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL";^"" 

or;* 

MECHANICS    FAVORITE*^"!' 


EXPERTS   CHOICE  ' 

I  OOESTWiCt  .THE  WORK  IN  HAlF.THE  TIME 


The  File  You  Will  EvENTUALur  Use 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store   ' 


^imiBiaSB 


He  best  Auger  Bit  File  made —  We  will  deliver  01  receipt  of  30  cut*  each. 


When 

You  Want 
The  Best 


Ask  for 
The     GRIFFITH     Master 
Builder  for  64  years  known 
as     the     GERMANTOWN 
Master  Builder.     If  you  can- 
not be  supplied  at  your  local 
dealer's    send    for    the    Master 
Builder  Catalog  of  Hammers  and 
Hatchets. 

Griffith  Tool  Works 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

Branch:  4139  W.  Kinzie  St.  CHICAGO 

LOOK  FOR  THIS  TRADE  MARK 
On  The  Tool 


.GRIFFITH, 

MASTER 
.BUILDER, 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World  Over 

Established  1790 
QUALITY  GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 


SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Send  10c  in  stamps  for  sample  %-inch  Solid  Center  Bit. 
Selling  Agents: 
JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO.,  SNELL  MFG.  CO. 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


113  Chambers  St. 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured  by 


Strike=plate. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 


ROOF  AND  DECK 
CLOTH 


REG.   U.  S.  PAT.   OFF. 


"BAYONNE" 


may     be      imitated      but 
it    cannot    be    duplicated 

Carpenters  and  builders  the  country  over 
have  for  years  used  "Bayonne"  as  a  cov- 
ering for  the  roofs  and  floors  of  piazzas, 
sun   parlors,   sleeping  porches,   etc. 

It  is  absolutely  waterproof.  Requires  no 
white  lead  bedding  yet  lays  flat.  It  has 
proved  its  efficiency  by  long  years  of 
service. 

Write  to  the  manufacturers  for 
sample  hook  "T" 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    I860 


oua2neI4st.  NEW  YORK 

BRANCH   202-204   MARKET  ST. 


70-72 
READE   ST. 
ST.    LOUIS 


Mr.  Carpenter 


Wouldn't  You 
Like  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 

WEATHER= 

STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell  You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 


FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

.240  Fullertou  Ave.  Chicago 


Be  A 

'Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

FMake$5,000to$15,0G0  or  More-Yearly 

New,  uncrowded 
field.         Architects 
and    general    con- 
tractors know  the 
American  Univer- 
sal and  prefer  its 
work.     They  pre- 
fer  to    sublet   the 
floor   surfacing   con- 
tracts, as  it  is  a  big 
business    in    itself. 
We    furnish    office 
forms,  advertising, 
etc., — in    fact,    we 
practically   set 
man    up    in 
business. 
Business 
comes 
easily. 


Prepare  For 
Spring   Building  Boom 

Building  cannot  remain  inactive.  The  housing  prob- 
lem is  more  serious  now  than  at  any  time  in  history. 
The  coming  Spring  will  be  alive  with  opportunities  for 
those  equipped  to  handle  the  work.  The  American 
Universal  Machine  is  essential  to  hustlers.  Get  in 
on   the  ground  floor — get  the  machine  now. 

Re-Surfacing  Old  Floors 

Every  building,  large  or  small,  is  a  pro-peel.  Hun- 
dreds of  floors  right  in  your  own  vicinity  need  re- 
surfacing. The  owners  will  be  glad  to  have  you  do  it 
when  you  show  them  how  easily  and  quickly  the  work 
can  be  done  with  the  American  Universal  Electric 
Machine.  Old  floors  made  like  new — new  floors  made 
perfect. 

Don't  ever  get  caught  out  of  work  again — get  into 
a  big  business  of  your  own.  Floor  Surfacing  Contrac- 
tors pay  for  machines  first  month  and  made  big 
profit  besides.  Write  today  for  full  information. 
Say  whether  you  are  a  building  contractor. 


Don't   pass    up   this   opportunity   to   get    into   a   Busi- 
ness of  your  own.     Write  today  for  complete  literature. 

The  American  Floor  Surfacing 
Machine  Co. 

Originators    of    Floor    Surfacing    Machines 
522  So.   St.    Clair   Street,  Toledo   Ohio,    U.  S.   A. 


p  OOD  sawing  is  simply  a  mat- 
^-*~  ter  of  using  a  good  saw — 
the  right  one  for  the  purpose. 

Laying  out  the  work,  proper 
marking  and  handling  of  the 
material  may  be  done  in  the 
best  possible  way  but  when  it 
comes  to  actual  sawing  it  is  the 
quality  of  the  saw  that  counts. 
No  saws  and  tools  can  do  better 
work  in  your  hands  than  Diss- 
ton  Saws  and  Tools. 

Write  for  the  Disston  Saw, 
Tool,  and  File  Book,  and  ad- 
dress your  inquiry  to  Desk  No.  1. 

HENRY  DISSTON  &S0NS,inc. 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


STON 

TOOLS    FILES 


Entered  July  22, 191 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 

Acceptance  for  mailing:  at  SDecial  rate  of  Dostage  nrovided  for  in   Section   1103,  act  of 

October  3,  1917,  authorized  on  July  8.  191S. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 
Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  CarpenteTB 

and  Joiners  of  America,  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established  in   1881 
I'ol.  XLII— No.  5 


INDIANAPOLIS,  MAY,    1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Year 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


Get  It   Done 

It  isn't  the  job  we  intended  to  do, 
Or  the  labor  we've  just  begun, 

That  puts  us  right  on  the  balance  sheet; 
It's  the  work  we  have  really  done. 

Our  credit  is  built  upon  things  we  do, 
Our  debit  on  things  we  shirk; 

The  man  who  totals  the  biggest  plus 
Is  the  man  who  completes  his  work. 

Good  intentions  do  not  pay  bills; 

It's  easy  enough  to  plan. 
To  wish  is  the  play  of  an  office  boy; 

To  do  is  the  job  of  a  man. 

— Richard  Lord. 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


BROTHERHOOD 

!N  an  address  delivered  be- 
fore the  Federal  Council 
of  the  Churches  of  Christ 
in  America,  at  their  an- 
nual meeting  in  Chicago, 
J.  W.  Cline,  President  of 
the  International  Brotherhood  of  Black- 
smiths. Drop  Forgers  and  Helpers,  said 
in  part : 

"People  can  talk  about  the  fatherhood 
of  God,  and  forget  the  brotherhood  of 
man.  Some  can  talk  about  the  Ten 
Commandments  and  forget  the  Sermon 
on  the  Mount.  In  my  long  experience 
in  the  interest  of  the  wage  earners,  I 
have  witnessed  some  evidences  of  the 
spirit  of  brotherhood  in  industry.  Not 
all  bad  men  are  rich,  neither  are  all  rich 
men  bad.  Not  all  poor  men  are  bad, 
neither  are  all  bad  men  poor,  but  a  rich 
bad  man  is  far  more  dangerous  to  society 
than  a  poor  bad  man.  We  have  too 
many  poor  men  for  a  rich  nation.  It  is 
true  that  Jesus  said,  "The  poor  you  have 
always  with  you,''  but  I  don't  remember 
reading,  where  He  said  that  it  was  right. 
I  know  splendid  characters  who  are  large 
employers  and  have  dealt  with  them  who 
are  not  in  sympathy  with  the  present 
system  of  grinding  the  life  out  of  a  man 
for  gain.  In  the  early  days  when  the 
apprentice  boy  joined  himself  to  an  em- 
ployer for  a  certain  length  of  time,  the 
employer  took  an  interest  in  that  boy. 
He  watched  him  grow  into  manhood,  a 
good  mechanic,  with  a  good  reputation, 
and  an  unblemished  character.  Possibly 
he  became  the  boy's  father-in-law,  and 
their  interests  were  common.  But 
changes  have  taken  place  and  a  drifting 
apart,  until  the  corporation  is  to  be  dealt 
with  now,  and  the  apprentice  boy  is  so 
far  away  from  the  head  of  the  firm  that 
they  seldom  meet,  if  ever,  so  their  busi- 
ness is  done  through  subordinates.  The 
corporations  have  long  since  lost  their 
soul,  and  it  is  now  a  cold-blooded  finan- 
cial proposition.  If  you  get  into  trou- 
ble, instead  of  appealing  directly  to  your 
employer,  as  of  old,  you  must  follow  a 
chain  of  subordinates  who  are  trying  to 
build  themselves  up  into  better  positions 
at  the  expense,  and  the  distress,  of  the 
man  and  his  family,  and  finally  we  are 
liable  to  have  the  Bankers'  Association, 
and  the  Board  of  Trade  injecting  them- 
selves into  the  case  and  the  firms  who 
are  hiring  union  men  boycotted.  There- 
fore brotherhood  is  about  the  last  thing 
talked  about  in  our  conferences  today. 


IN   INDUSTRY 

"What  if  we  could  establish  real 
brotherhood  in  industry.  Do  you  think 
we  coidd  swing  such  industries  as  the 
United  States  Steel  Corporation  into 
line?  or  the  International  Harvester? 
Could  we  induce  the  Big  Packers  or  the 
Colorado  Fuel  and  Iron  Company,  cr 
the  Pennsylvania  Railroad  Company,  or 
Governor  Allen  and  his  State  Legisla- 
ture? Had  human  kindness  operated  in- 
stead of  class  hatred  the  Governor 
would  have  shrunk  away  from  the 
thought  of  taking  away  from  the  poor 
miners  the  rights  that  our  Constitution 
gives  them,  and  the  rights  that  the  rich 
have  and  operate  only  in  another  way, 
the  State  of  Kansas  would  not  today  be 
facing  the  shameful  experience  of  call- 
ing out  the  National  Guard  to  chase 
back  to  their  homes  the  wives  and 
daughters  of  the  striking  miners. 

"Brotherhood  in  industry  is  possible. 
Is  it  probable?  That  depends  entirely 
upon  the  spirit  that  dominates  both  the 
employer  and  the  employe.  An  honest 
employer  has  a  right  to  expect  an  honest 
day's  work  for  which  he  is  willing  to  pay 
an  honest  wage.  The  dishonest  em- 
ployer is  demanding  that  every  fiber  of 
a  man's  being  be  energized  for  his  own 
benefit  and  so  he  has  installed  every 
imaginable  machine  to  increase  output 
and  decrease  wages.  So  watchful  is  he 
in  studying  the  movements  of  his  em- 
ployes that  a  stop  watch  that  divides  a 
second  is  used  so  that  even  a  fraction 
of  that  second  is  not  wasted.  That 
method  is  not  the  spirit  of  brotherhood, 
but  the  spirit  of  servitude. 

"If  we  are  to  have  a  true  and  honest 
program  of  brotherhood  carried  out, 
there  must  be  a  surrender  of  the  spirit 
of  the  taskmaster  and  the  servant  on 
the  part  of  those  who  control  the  des- 
tinies of  the  working  classes.  Brother- 
hood in  industry  is,  to  my  mind,  most 
vitally  needed  if  we  are  to  find  a  work- 
able wayT  to  overcome  the  evils  in  in- 
dustry. 

"The  report  of  the  Commission  of 
Inquiry  of  the  Interchurch  World  Move- 
ment, which  made  such  a  searching  in- 
vestigation of  the  steel  strike  of  1919 
and  also  its  latest  supplementary  report, 
"Public  Opinion  of  the  Steel  Strike  of 
1919,"  should  be  read  by  every  law- 
abiding  citizen  and  let  them  determine 
as  to  the  needs  of  brotherhood  in  indus- 
try. The  greed  for  profits  overshadows 
the  spirit  of  brotherhood.     It  has  with- 


THE     CARPENTER 


15 


eld  from  the  laborer  who  reaps  our 
arvest,  his  wages,  and  an  atonement 
ill  be  required. 

"If  I  thought  Mr.  H.  G.  Wells,  who  is 
lid  to  be  the  best  known  living  writer, 
;  correct  in  his  diagnosis  of  world  af- 
lirs,  and  if  the  world's  ills  are  as  seri- 
ns as  that  noted  writer  says  they  are, 
:ien  brotherhood  anywhere  is  an  irri- 
escent  dream  and  the  decalogue  has 
•ant  influence  in  modern  business.  I, 
jr  one,  will  not  scrap  my  faith  and 
How  my  hopes  to  drift  into  an  abysmal 
arkness  and  bow  to  the  powers  con- 
•olled  by  the  spirit  of  hatred,  greed  and 
ar.  I  live  in  hope  that  our  Christian 
vilization  is  not  going  to  drift  into  the 
uagmire  of  European  militarism  and 
lat  it  will  not  lose  any  of  its  luster  in 
le  presence  of  shintoism,  atheism,  ag- 


nosticism or  other  ism. 

"In  the  building  up  of  the  brotherhood 
in  industry,  there  must  be  the  spirit  of 
toleration  and  recognition  by  both  em- 
ployers and  employes  of  their  rights  to 
protection.  There  can  be  no  unity  in 
threats  of  wage  reductions  and  lockouts 
on  one  side,  and  their  getting  read.,  for 
strikes  on  the  other  side. 

"If  the  spirit  of  real  brotherhood  pre- 
vailed in  industry,  force  would  not  be 
necessary  for  one  is  dependent  upon  the 
other.  One  organization,  through  its 
financial  strength,  would  not  intimidate 
and  refuse  employment  to  men  who  be- 
long to  another  organization,  for  the 
very  life  of  trade  lies  in  the  mutual  con- 
sideration of  the  rights  of  each,  and 
there  would  be  no  such  thing  as  auto- 
cratic rule  in  industry. 


AMERICAN  LABOR  LEADS  THE  WORLD 

(By  W.  E.  Walling.) 


HE  American  labor  move- 
ment differs  from  the  la- 
bor movements  of  Europe. 
Since  the  time  of  Andrew 
Jackson      (around     1830) 
we  have  had  political  de- 
mocracy in  America's  industrial  regions, 
id  soon  after  that  we  established  uni- 
rsal  education.     If  political  democracy 
i  to  the  present  has  brought  labor  only 
;  part  of  what  labor  demands  and  ex- 
cts,  it  has  at  least  given  us  a  century 
democratic   experience,    training   an'd 
actice,  a  century  of  thinking  in  denio- 
atic  terms   and   a   century   of  striving 
ward  democratic   goals.     It  is  due   to 
is  good  fortune  of  our  history  and  not 
1    an    inborn    superiority    of    American 
irkers  that  the  American  labor  move- 
.mt  is  the  only  labor  movement  in  the 
•rid    today    that    is    built    consistently 
a  democratic  foundation,  has  an  ex- 
isively  democratic  policy  and  goal,  and 
s    never    departed     from     democratic 
Ucies. 

Contrast  the  long  democratic  experi- 

'  r,e  of  America  with  that  of  Europe.     It 

s  between  1867  and  1SS5  that  British 

bor  was   even   half  enfranchised   and 

iversal    education     established.       The 

1  rmans  have  been  educated  as  long  as 

'    have,  but  they   got  democracy   only 

1  1918 — French  democracy  dates  from 

TG,  and  the  only  previous  democratic 

I  •eriences   of  that   country   were   brief 

1  olutionary  periods — a  fact  which  has 

1  ifused    many    French    workers    as    to 


the  relative  values  of  democracy  and  of 
revolutionary  violence. 

The  superiority  of  American  labor  lies 
in  the  friendship  it  has  made.  For  more 
than  a  quarter  century  it  has  worked, 
wherever  possible,  with  American  rural 
labor,  the  farmers. 

By  its  clean-cut  political  policy,  grad- 
ually developed  and  still  in  the  process  of 
evolution,  American  labor  has  avoided 
all  the  confusion  of  a  so-called  labor 
party  which  is  a  labor  party  in  name 
only — since  every  democratic  country 
must  admit  and  largely  depend  upon 
non-labor  elements.  Such  a  party  is  in 
reality  a  party  of  advanced  democracy. 
To  call  it  labor  rather  than  democratic 
brings  two  evils.  Not  only  is  the  labor 
movement  likely  to  be  invaded  and 
swamped  by  outsiders,  but  certain  ele- 
ments of  labor  are  given  by  this  name 
an  opportunity  to  put  forth  the  theory, 
as  has  commonly  occurred  in  Europe, 
that  labor  can  advance  politically 
through  a  non-democratic  or  even  an 
anti-democratic  program  independently 
of  other  groups  of  producers.  Never  for 
one  moment  has  American  labor  favored 
or  tolerated  this  drawing  of  class  lines 
between  one  group  of  producers  and  an- 
other. If  it  has  waged  economic  and 
political  war  against  any  part  of  society 
it  has  been  a  war  directed  exclusively 
ascainst  parasites  and  exploiters.  It  has 
never  preached  or  tolerated  the  theory 
that  Organized  Labor  or  industrial  la- 
bor has  a  right  to  rule  over  any   other 


16 


THE     CARPENTER 


group  of  producers,  but  has  sought  to 
unite  all  producers  against  the  common 
enemy. 

Amei'ican  labor  is  today  more  united 
than  labor  of  any  country  of  the 
world  with  the  possible  exception  of 
Great  Britain.  And  this  unity  has  been 
won  and  held  against  stronger  influences 
making  for  division  than  exist  in  any 
other  nation,  since  America  has  been 
the  battleground  of  all  the  theories  as 
well  as  all  the  prejudices  of  the  workers 
of  all  Europe.  Yet  we  are  better  united. 
The  reason?  Labor  tends  to  unite  on 
all  labor  questions ;  labor  tends  to  divide 
on  all  the  non-labor  questions  that  take 
up  so  much  of  the  time  and  energy  of 
the  political  parties  of  Europe.  The  word 
"solidarity"  is  more  widely  used  in  Eu- 
rope; actual  solidarity  is  more  advanced 
in  the  United  States. 

American  labor  is  for  international 
unity.  Every  superiority  it  has  achieved 
makes  it  that  much  more  valuable  to  the 
labor  world.  It  does  not  claim  leader- 
ship, but  it  offers  to  the  world  of  labor 
the'  invaluable  experience  of  the  oldest 
political  democracy  and  the  leading  in- 
dustrial nation.  It  hopes  and  believes 
that  by  following  the  American  method 
of  attending  to  labor  affairs  to  the  ex- 
clusion of  the  outside  matters  that  di- 
vide labor  the  national  labor  movements 
of  Europe  and  the  entire  world  move- 
ment will  achieve  a  new  and  more  solid 
unity.  It  welcomes  the  new  tendency  of 
European  labor  to  do  as  America  has 
done    in    putting    democracy    above    all 


social  dogmas.  It  believes  that  a  more 
substantial,  more  permanent  and  more 
effective  labor  internationalism  can  be 
erected  on  this  basis — an  internation- 
alism in  which  the  working  people  of 
every  great  nation  will  be  able  to  make 
a  distinct  and  indespensable  contribution 
to  the  whole.  And  it  believes  that  such 
a  movement  will  be  able  everywhere  tc 
achieve  its  entire  industrial,  social  and 
political  program — so  far  as  that  pro- 
gram rests  upon  democratic  principles. 

But  great  as  have  been  its  achieve- 
ments in  the  past,  American  labor  looks 
to  the  future — and  it  is  for  the  purposes 
of  future  development  that  the  superior-, 
ity  of  its  methods  are  most  marked.  It 
has  not  offered  to  solve  in  advance  all 
the  major  problems  of  government  and 
industry  that  the  rising  generation  of 
workers  will  have  to  face.  But  it  has 
done  something  better.  Economically 
and  politically,  American  labor  has 
builded  a  solid  foundation  and  has  be- 
gun the  erection  of  a  structure  no  im- 
portant part  of  which  will  have  to  be 
torn  down.  It  has  left  American  labor 
free,  freer  than  the  labor  of  any  nation 
of  the  world,  to  determine  its  own  des- 
tinies— without  an  incumbering  heritage 
of  outworn  theories  or  of  colossal  blun- 
ders due  to  the  effort  to  put  these  theo- 
ries into  effect.  That  American  labor 
will  utilize  to  the  full  the  superior  oppor- 
tunities offered  by  the  superior  freedom 
of  the  American  movement  no  American 
and  few  who  know  anything  about 
America  will  question. 


NO  RECONSTRUCTION  WITHOUT  FAIR  TREATMENT  OF  LABOR 

(By  Hugh  Frayne.) 


S  a  result  of  the  great 
world  war  the  labor  prob- 
lem has  been  more  prom- 
inently brought  to  the  at- 
tention of  the  people  of 
our  country  than  ever  be- 
fore and  those  who  have  never  given  this 
vital  subject  more  than  passing  notice 
have  been  brought  to  realize  that  the 
whole  social  structure  rests  upon  labor, 
and  unless  labor  is  fairly  treated  and  its 
rights  fully  recognized,  there  cannot  be 
a  reconstruction  of  industrial  and  social 
conditions  that  will  be  fundamentally 
sound  or  that  will  remove  the  growing 
feeling  of  unrest  and  the  spread  of  ex- 
treme radicalism  in  the  country. 

That    there   is    a    keen    social    unrest 
spreading  among  the  workers  through- 


out the  land  no  one  can  deny  and  to 
treat  it  with  passive  indifference  is  a 
very  serious  mistake  as  that  is  not  the 
remedy  to  cure  this  unrest.  Many  of 
the  common  necessities  of  life  are  be- 
coming prohibitive  to  the  working  man 
and  his  family  on  account  of  the  high 
cost  of  living,  so  much  so  that  many 
families  are  compelled  to  deny  them- 
selves those  things  which  are  necessary 
to  sustain  life.  Values  and  profits  are 
entirely  too  high ;  much  of  it  might  be 
classed  as  profiteering  and  the  purchas- 
ing power  of  the  American  dollar  has  de- 
preciated to  a  point  where  it  is  now  only 
worth  half  of  its  full  standard. 

To  prevent  this  growing  unrest  that 
is  leading  many  to  the  doctrine  of  Bol- 
shevism  is   the   responsibility   of   every 


THE    CARPENTER 


17 


one  of  us  who  believes  that  sane  meth- 
ods rather  than  insane  should  be  applied. 
How  is  this  to  be  accomplished?  By 
what  plan  or  system  can  the  country  be 
brought  back  from  a  war  to  a  peace 
basis  without  seriously  affecting  the 
whole  social  fabric?  Are  we  to  return 
to  the  old  system  of  industrial  war 
caused  by  the  employers  of  the  country 
continuing  to  deny  labor  the  right  to 
organize  or  that  labor  will  not  be  per- 
mitted to  have  any  say  in  the  making 
of  the  conditions  under  which  it  will  be 
employed?  Is  the  standard  of  living  of 
the  American  working  man  and  his  fam- 
ily to  be  placed  at  a  point  where  he  or 
they  must  deny  themselves  many  of  the 
common  necessities  in  order  to  live  at 
all?  The  old  idea  of  a  living  will  have 
to  be  revised  so  that  every  comfort  of 
life,  consistent  with  the  station  of  the 
worker,  shall  be  enjoyed  by  him  and  his 
dependents.  Life's  comforts  must  be 
graded  upwards  in  future.  Exploitation 
of  all  kinds  must  cease  if  we  are  to  have 
a  better  world  and  a  better  life.  Labor 
believes  that  it  is  entitled  to  this  as  it 
did  most  to  save  the  woidd  for  democracy. 

The  world  needs  balancing  and  Amer- 
ica must  furnish  her  share,  and  perhaps 
the  largest  of  the  influence  in  that  direc- 
tion ;  we  must  be  safe  and  sane  conserva- 
tives. It  is  necessary  that  the  leaders 
of  this  country  should  realize  that  the 
high  tension  which  is  now  upon  the  peo- 
ple, despite  the  end  of  the  great  war, 
must  be  relieved.  It  is  intensely  neces- 
sary, not  only  for  our  own  sakes  but  for 
the  sakes  of  all  the  people  of  the  world, 
that  as  soon  as  possible  we  should  be 
put  back  on  a  sound  basis. 

The  war  has  demonstrated  as  never 
before  the  power  of  labor  and  its  great 
importance  in  the  affairs  of  the  world. 
It  has  been  clearly  shown  that  there  is 
no  phase  of  the  industrial  life  of  our 
country  that  labor,  in  some  form  or 
other,  does  not  enter.  With  this  fact  in 
mind,  let  us  not  make  the  serious  mis- 
take of  trying  to  reconstruct  a  great 
nation  upon  a  foundation  from  which 
the  rights  of  labor  have  been  overlooked 
and  expect  the  structure  to  endure.  The 
greatest  asset  of  a  nation  is  labor;  it 
should  be  protected  in  its  rights.  High 
standards  for  labor  bring  a  higher  de- 
velopment and  the  future  should  not  be 
measured  by  the  standards  of  the  past. 
Labor  should  be  accorded  full  recogni- 
tion and  receive  justice  and  equity  in  all 
its  claims, 


In  the  stabilization  of  business,  wrong 
impressions  as  to  labor's  importance 
should  be  righted  for  unless  the  labor 
problem  is  considered  as  part  of  the 
whole  subject  of  reconstruction,  indus- 
trial wars  will  continue  to  go  on  and  will 
be  more  harmful  to  the  nation's  welfare 
because  the  workers  have  learned  that 
they  were  the  greatest  factor  in  the  war 
and  feel  that  they  are  entitled  to  a  larger 
share  of  the  results  of  their  labor  than 
ever  before.  They  will  not  be  satisfied 
with  the  same  consideration  as  that  of 
the  pre-war  period.  Unless  this  is  done, 
a  social  unrest  will  be  created  that  will 
have  a  more  farreaching  effect  upon  the 
affairs  of  the  country  than  even  the  war 
itself,  because  it  would  be  more  perma- 
nent. 

Consideration  should  be  given  to  the 
international  aspect  of  this  problem, 
having  in  mind  that  American  living 
standards  should  not  be  jeopardized  by 
that  of  any  other  nation.  The  unfair 
competition,  either  to  business  interests 
or  to  labor,  must  be  prevented.  Our 
country  has  assumed  financial  obliga- 
tions unheard  of  in  the  history  of  the 
world  up  to  this  time  and  we  will  be 
obliged  to  meet  them  in  the  way  of  tax- 
ations and  will  be  called  upon  to  finance, 
feed  and  supply  the  rest  of  the  world 
with  many  of  the  things  they  cannot 
furnish  themselves.  Our  standards  for 
this  reason  must  be  kept  at  the  very  peak. 

It  should  not  be  the  policy  of  big  cor- 
porations or  employers  generally  to  ex- 
pand their  profits  through  the  exploita- 
tion of  labor.  High  standards  and  con- 
ditions of  employment  for  labor  are  es- 
sentially necessary  for  the  fullest  de- 
velopment of  the  after-the-war  condi- 
tions as  the  great  burden  of  taxation 
falls  on  the  shoulders  of  the  working 
people  of  the  country.  Hence,  high 
wages  and  standards  are  necessary  to 
meet  this  obligation. 

In  the  rehabilitation  of  the  country  to 
a  sound  and  safe  basis  the  general  wel- 
fare of  all  should  be  carefully  consid- 
ered, to  prevent  disarrangement  of  in- 
dustrial stability  that  would  cause 
economic  depression.  If  the  idea  of  so- 
cial and  economic  justice  to  the  workers 
is  given  due  consideration  I  feel  sure 
that  the  danger  of  the  spread  of  Bol- 
shevism will  be  reduced  to  a  minimum, 
if  not  entirely  removed.  This  doctrine, 
as  you  know,  thrives  upon  industrial  un- 
rest and  by  removing  the  cause  with  the 


18 


THE     C  A  R  P  E  X  T  E  R 


remedy  suggested,  the  disease  will  soon 
disappear. 

Shall  the  American  people  accept  this 
new  doctrine  as  the  only  remedy  to  cure 
our  social  and  economic  ills?  Shall  we 
stop  the  wheels  of  progress  and  turn 
back  the  hands  on  the  clock  of  time  of 
centuries  of  enlightenment  and  destroy 
all  the  advancement  that  the  world  has 
made ;  shall  we  substitute  for  our  pres- 
ent form  of  government  a  system  that 
has  no  ideals  as  a  guide?  Shall  we  per- 
mit the  religion,  the  art.  the  literature 
and  the  cherished  traditions  of  a  nation 
to  be  swept  aside  for  that  which  would, 
if  put  in  practice,  turn  the  human  race 
back  to  days  and  conditions  that  existed 
in  the  iceand  stone  ages,  or  evenbef  ore  that. 

I  do  not  believe  the  American  people 
are  ready  now  nor  do  I  think  they  will 
ever  be  ready  to  accept  this  false  philos- 
ophy which  pretends  to  lead  the  way  for 
social  and  economic  justice  to  the  work- 
ing people.  It  has  an  ulterior  motive 
founded  upon  an  impracticable  theory  of 
nationalization,  even  of  the  home,  that  is 
repugnant  to  all  who  believe  that  the 
sac-redness  of  the  home  must  be  pro- 
tected as  that  is  the  one  place  to  which 
a  country  must  look  for  its  national  life 
and  greatness  and  the  ideals  that  go  to 
make  up  all  that  is  cherished  by  those 
who  believe  in  government  and  are  will- 
ing to  give  their  lives  if  necessary,  in 
defense  of  those  principles. 

Bolshevism  is  an  impossible  doctrine. 
If  the  workers  of  this  or  any  other 
country  are  not  to  receive  social  and 
economic  justice  in  any  other  way  than 
through  a  revolutionary  movement  that 
would  destroy  government,  then  it  is 
best  that  the  world  should  cease  to  be 
rather  than  to  live  under  a  condition  as 
proposed  by  the  doctrines  of  Bolshevism. 
Shall  civilization,  which  society  has 
taken  centuries  to  build  up,  be  sacrificed 
for  this  new  Utopian  idea,  this  idea 
which  is  madness  founded  upon  a  false 
theory  and  unsound  principles  of  eco- 
nomics. 

This  is  the  greatest  country  in  the 
world  and  it  is  only  natural  that  we 
sometimes  have  reason  to  find  fault  with 
some  of  the  legislation  that  has  been  en- 
acted but  must  we,  because  of  this  rea- 
son, tear  down  the  very  structure  of  our 
government  because  a  few  individuals 
at  times  may  be  placed  in  official  power 
and  abuse  the  power  and  privileges  vest- 
ed in  them  to  the  great  disadvantage  of 
the  people.     With  the  right  of  franchise 


that  every  citizen  enjoys,  we  have  it 
within  our  power  to  change  such  laws 
as  may  not  be  in  the  interest  of  all  the 
people. 

It  is  too  much  to  expect  that  the  or- 
ganized labor  movement  of  America 
should  be  left  to  cope  alone  with  this 
industrial  unrest.  It  can  be  dealt  with 
by  a  triangle  of  government,  capital  and 
labor  working  in  full  co-operation  with 
each  other  and  without  force.  I  have 
repeatedly  said  that  you  cannot  destroy 
Bolshevism  by  putting  it  in  jail  or  club- 
bing it.  or  even  by  killing  the  individual 
bolshevist.  and  you  cannot  deport  it. 
Here  and  there  you  may  find  a  bolshevist 
propagandist  who  has  violated  the  law 
and  you  may  deport  him,  but  he  leaves 
the  propaganda  behind.  The  seed  has 
been  sown.  The  thing  that  bolshevism 
thrives  on  is  social  unrest  and  you  will 
have  destroyed  bolshevism  and  the  seed 
have  cured  social  unrest.  Improved  in- 
dustrial life  and  the  removal  of  many 
of  the  oppressive  conditions  that  work- 
ers are  living  under  will  successfully 
meet  the  situation.  It  will  not  only  re- 
move the  extreme  radical  tendencies  but 
in  my  opinion  is  the  solution  to  the 
Americanization  of  the  foreign  element 
and  will  make  them  understand  what 
America  and  American  citizenship  in  its 
fullest  sense  really  stands  for. 

"Organize"'  has  been  the  watchword, 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  for 
years.  "Educate"  has  been  likewise  a 
slogan  of  labor  for  years.  There  are  no 
better  words  today — no  better  guides  to 
complete  freedom  of  that  industrial  dem- 
ocracy which  no  better  guides  to  the  de- 
velopment has  come  to  be  the  dream  of 
mankind  and  the  hope  of  the  race. 

Let  the  message  to  the  workers  be  one 
of  encouragement  and  loyalty  to  the 
Government.  Loyalty  and  solidarity  in 
our  organization  so  that  Organized  Labor 
in  the  future,  as  in  the  past,  shall  con- 
tinue to  advance  the  cause  of  humanity 
and  protect  the  interests  of  the  working 
people  of  the  nation,  and  bring  into  their 
lives  more  happiness  and  comfort 
through  a  greater  and  more  improved 
condition,  making  the  world  better  for 
all  to  live  in.  Let  us  strive  harder  by 
work,  deed  and  action  to  make  ourselves 
worthy  of  the  great  movement  in  which 
we  are  working  for  the  cause  of  hu- 
manity. 

America  has  saved  the  world  for  dem- 
ocracy, now  let  us  save  democracy  for 
the  world. 


THE     CARPENTER 


19 


PHE  MOVE  FOR  SHORTER  HOURS  AT  THE  END  OF  THE   18TH   CENTURY 
AND  BEGINNING  OF  THE  19TH 

(By  Frank  Duffy.) 


NE  of  the  most  interesting 
subjects  in  the  history  of 
"The  American  Labor 
Movement"  is  that  deal- 
ing with  the  reduction  of 
the  hours  of  toil.  It  dates 
rnck  to  the  colonial  days  when  men  of 
he  trades  worked  practically  fourteen 
lours  per  day. 

In  1791  the  "House  Carpenters'  Union 
)f  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania"  demand- 
•d  a  shorter  work  day. 

In  1796  the  "House  Carpenters'  Union 
>f  New  York  City"  made  a  similar  de- 
uand. 

In  1803  the  "Shipwrights  and  Caulk- 
•rs'  Association  of  New  York"  did  like- 
vise. 

In  1806  the  "House  Carpenters'  Union 
>f  New  York"  followed  suit. 

In  1812  the  "Carpenters'  Union  of 
ioston"  demanded  a  shorter  work  day. 

In   1822   "The  Columbian   Charitiable 

Society  of  Shipwrights  and  Caulkers  of 

ioston  and  Charleston,   Massachusetts" 

lemanded  a  10-hour  day. 

To   reduce   the    hours    of   labor    from 


fourteen  to  ten  per  day  was  a  big  under- 
taking and  brought  upon  the  working- 
men  the  indignation  and  opposition  of 
employers  and  merchants  alike  with  lit- 
tle or  no  sympathy,  encouragement  or 
support  from  the  public.  This  move- 
ment was  looked  upon  as  a  grievous 
one,  the  employers  claiming  "it  would 
leave  the  men  idle  several  of  the  most 
valuable  hours  of  the  day." 

In  some  places  the  movement  was  a 
success  but  in  the  majority  of  instances 
it  was  a  failure. 

There  was  no  uniformity  of  action 
among  the  workers  in  those  days.  Every 
city  looked  after  its  own  affairs  inde- 
pendently and  alone.  This  caused  the 
"Journeymen  House  Carpenters'  Asso- 
ciation of  Philadelphia"  to  call  a  Na- 
tional Convention  of  carpenters  to  be 
held  in  that  city  on  October  4,  1836,  for 
the  express  purpose  of  taking  united  ac- 
tion to  establish  the  10-hour  work  day. 
Even  this  was  not  successful.  All  these 
movements,  however,  had  their  effect  in 
the  final  establishment  of  the  10-hour 
day  a  few  years  later. 


UNEMPLOYMENT  IN  THE  NEAR  EAST 


HE  unemployment  situa- 
tion in  the  Near  East  can 
no  longer  be  called  a 
crisis.  It's  a  calamity,  a 
catastrophe  and  anything 
else  that  describes  abso- 
ute  ruin.  From  Constantinople  east  to 
he  Caspian  Sea  there  is  scarcely  such^ 
1 1  thing  as  employment.  After  seven 
•ears  of  war,  massacre  and  deportation 
aid"  at  last  famine,  the  workers  of 
Vrrueuia  and  Transcaucasia,  are  reduced 
0  a  state  of  utter  destitution.  A  large 
(fercentage  of  them  have  already  per- 
shed,  leaving  behind  them  their  or- 
>haned  children,  without  shelter  or  pro- 
eetion.  Four  hundred  thousand  of  the 
survivors  in  Transcaucasia  alone,  are 
lomeless  and  penniless.  Their  one  hope 
ies  in  the  response  of  their  brother 
vorkers  in  America  to  the  call  the  Near 
Sast  is  making  in  their  behalf. 

The  new  Armenian  Government,  es- 
ablished  last  spring,  is  making  every 
'ffort  to  save  its  people,  but  it  is  helpless 
0  cope  with  the  results  of  seven  years 
>f    destruction    and    the    famine    which 


has  spread  from  Russia  into  their  terri- 
tory. They  are  doing  their  utmost  in 
providing  transportation  facilities  for 
food  and  supplies  sent  over  from  Amer- 
ica, in  offering  Government  buildings  to 
house  the  orphaned  children,  and  even 
in  turning  over  to  the  Near  East  Relief, 
16,700  acres  of  land  for  spring  planting. 
But  funds  and  food  they  are  unable  to 
give.  The  workers,  who  for  these  long 
years  have  striven  so  persistently  to 
keep  themselves  and  their  families  alive 
face  annihilation  today. 

Already  starvation  is  in  process.  Cap- 
tain Paxton  Hibben,  one  of  the  foremost 
authorities  on  the  Near  East,  describes 
in  an  article  in  "Leslie's  Weekly,"  what 
he  saw  when  he  visited  Armenia  last 
summer. 

"When  I  stepped  off  the  train  at  Alex- 
andropol,"  says  he,  "I  had  to  push  my 
way  through  a  crowd  of  refugees  lining 
the  platform  of  the  station.  There  were 
among  them  hundreds  of  children  quite 
naked,  who  elawed  at  my  clothes  and 
begged  for  bread,  not  in  the  sing-song 
of  the  professional   child  beggar  of  the 


20 


THE    CARPENTER 


streets  of  eastern  cities,  but  with  a  des- 
perate insistance,  a  sort  of  sobbing  half- 
mad  chatter,  with  the  words  "hunger" 
and  "bread"  tumbling  over  one  another, 
with  no  sense  in  it  all.  The  grown  peo- 
ple were  silently  staring  ahead  of  them 
with  vacant  eyes.  What  they  wore  was 
not  clothing,  but  rags  pieced  together 
with  bits  of  old  sacking,  disintegrating 
remnants  of  sheepskins  and  odds  and 
ends  like  the  filthy  throve  of  garbage 
cans  and  back  lots.  And  with  that  they 
were  half  naked,  barefoot,  and  with  un- 
kempt hair  and  incredible  emaciation. 

"As  I  walked  through  the  dim  hall- 
way of  the  station  I  could  scarcely  make 
my  way  for  the  women  and  children 
huddled  in  heaps  on  the  floor,  lying  all 
piled  together,  listless  and  uncaring 
whether  they  were  stepped  on  or  not." 

Expert  craftsmen  and  unskilled  la- 
borers are  alike  without  work,  and  alike 
eager  to  do  anything  at  all  that  will 
bring  them  in  some  food  or  that  will  re- 
pay the  American  organization  for  the 
aid  they  are  extending.  So  far,  the  rail- 
road workers  have  been  the  most  fortu- 
nate, for  there  is  employment  for  them. 
And  incidentally,  the  service  they  are 
rendering  is  one  of  the  utmost  value  to 
their  countrymen.  The  transportation 
of  American  foodstuffs  is  the  one  thing 
that  will  save  the  people  of  Armenia. 
During  the  past  years,  when  manning  a 
train  was  often  a  matter  of  life  and 
death,  these  men  have  stuck  at  their 
jobs  at  the  risk  of  attack  and  massacre 
by  their  enemies. 

It  is  to  aid  in  the  economic  regenera- 
tion of  Armenia,  quite  as  much  as  to 
supply  food  and  clothing  and  shelter 
which  will  tide  these  people "  over  the 
winter,  that  the  Near  East  Relief  is 
striving.  Conditions  are  so  desperate  at 
present,  that  much  of  the  industrial 
work  which  they  have  carried  on  in  their 
orphanages  and  workshops  has  had  to  be 
abandoned  in  the  concentration  of  effort 
on  actual  life-saving.  For  when  children 
are  lying  dead  in  the  streets  because 
there  is  no  food  to  give  them,  it  is  diffi- 
cult to  apportion  funds  for  carpenter 
shops  and  shoe  factories.  But  even  so, 
the  organization  appreciates  that  con- 
structive work  must  be  done.  Employ- 
ment bureaus,  especially  in  Constanti- 
nople, are  a  part  of  the  relief  system. 
Unfortunately  they  are  seldom  able  to 
assign  an  applicant  to  anything  more 
than  washing  dishes  or  shining  shoes  or 


"hamaling,"  the  Oriental  method  of 
carrying  articles,  from  shoe  boxes  to 
pianos  "  by  back." 

Their  most  practical  means  of  con- 
struction, however,  are  the  industrial 
shops  established  within  the  orphanages 
where  the  boys  and  girls  are  taught  in 
some  trade  whereby  they  can,  at  the 
earliest  moment,  become  self-supporting, 
and  whereby  some  of  the  expenses  of 
running  the  relief  are  defrayed. 

Many  of  these  shops  are  carpentry 
shops.  An  order  was  recently  given  to 
one  of  the  classes  at  Tiflis,  Georgia,  for 
making  the  furniture  for  the  Italian 
bank  in  the  city.  The  wood,  Circasian- 
walnut,  was  furnished  by  the  Italian 
firm  and  all  the  work  done  by  the  boys 
in  the  Near  East  Relief  orphanages.  Of 
course,  the  benches  and  tables  used  by 
the  orphans  themselves  are  made  in 
these  shops. 

The  eagerness  of  the  people  to  obtain 
work  whenever  possible  is  splendidly 
illustrated  in  a  recent  venture  made  by 
the  Near  East  Relief  at  Rodosto,  Thrace, 
where  six  hundred  Armenian  refugees 
from  the  war  area  of  Asia  Minor  were 
given  a  portion  of  farming  land  on  which 
to  rebuild  their  homes.  The  refugees 
had  scarcely  landed  before  they  began 
building.  A  few  loads  of  lumber  given 
by  the  Near  East  Relief  furnished  the 
frame  work  and  this  the  men  erected. 
The  walls  were  built  of  mud  and  stones 
found  on  the  ground,  the  roofs  of  red  tile, 
made  from  clay  or  found  among  the 
ruins  of  the  abondoned  homes  of  the 
former  residents.  Within  a  few  days 
after  their  arrival,  each  family  had  his 
own  little  home,  with  a  hearth  fire,  and 
a  front  door,  the  first  home  they  had 
enjoyed  for  many  a  year. 

It  is  such  spirit  as  this  which  makes 
the  rescue  of  these  people  imperative! 
A  fine,  industrious,  independent  people, 
forced  by  the  most  cruel  succession  of 
circumstances  to  seek  charity  or  perish. 
At  the  soup  kitchens  throughout  the 
Near  East,  $5  a  month  will  save  a  life. 
One  hundred  dollars  a  year  provides  for 
the  complete  support  of  an  orphan  child. 
Over  sixty  thousand  children  are  now  in 
Near  East  Relief  homes ;  nearly  as  many 
more  are  being  fed.  But  unless  America 
gives  continued  and  increased  support 
thousands  more  of  the  four  hundred 
thousand  homeless  men,  women  and 
children  outside,  will  die  of  starvation 
and  cold. 


THE    CARPENTER 
SPEAKS  FOR  ITSELF 


21 


WHEN  DO  WE  EAT?  The  old  howl  of  army  days  is  a  pertinent  question  to 
lese  veterans.  Hired  in  New  York  by  the  committee  to  enforce  the  Landis  award, 
fter  arriving  here  they  refused  to  work  because  of  the  existing  labor  troubles, 
abor  leaders  led  them  to  the  city  hall  to  demand  return  tickets.  Phil  Collins,  com- 
.ander  of  the  Naval  Post,  American  Legion,  and  William  Q.  Setliffe,  State  Legion 
djutant,  are  shown  promising  them  food  and  housing  for  the  time.  "The  Legion 
neutral  in  the  labor  fight,  but  for  all  veterans,"  said  Collins.     [Tribune  Photo.] 

The  illustration  submitted  is  mute  evidence  of  the  length  to  which  the 
3-called  "Citizens  Committee"  at  Chicago  will  go  to  foist  upon  the  unions 
f  that  city  their  anti-union  attitude,  and  yet  this  committee  proclaim  to 
le  public  that  they  are  organized  for  the  purpose  of  enforcing  the  Landis 
ward,  of  which  the  carpenters  of  Chicago  never  were  a  party  to. 

The  city  of  Chicago  was  over  run  with  idle  men,  and  the  Citizens  Com- 
littee  had  agents  at  New  York  and  other  cities  hiring  men  to  still  further 
.lgment  the  army  of  unemployed  and  to  such  an  extent  that  on  March  II, 
)22,  the  City  Council  at  a  special  meeting  appropriated  money  for  the 
nmediate  care  of  the  men  and  render  assistance  that  they  might  be  able 
)  return  to  their  homes.  The  City  Council  is  urging  a  Grand  Jury  inves- 
gation  of  the  actions  of  the  so-called  Citizens  Committee. 

We  deplore  the  idea  of  these  self-appointed  guardians  of  the  peoples 
iterest  in  making  the  lives  of  our  nation's  defenders  harder  to  live  by 
taking  them  the  innocent  victims  of  the  industrial  war,  and  especially  so 
hen  about  90  per  cent  of  the  so-called  Citizens  Committee  were  "Stay  at 
iomes"  that  showed  us  what  real  profiteering  looked  like,  making  life 
userable  for  the  families  of  the  men  who  were  defending  the  honor  of 
ae  nation. 

Our  members  at  Chicago  have  been  put  to  considerable  expense  to  send 
>en  home,  who  have  been  lured  to  Chicago  by  roseate  promises,  and  we 
Ppe  other  members  will  make  inquiries  through  their  unions  before  going 
>  any  other  localities,  for  the  more  promising  the  employment  offered  the 
etteris  the  reason  why  you  should  investigate  and  save  yourself  much  grief. 


Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 
THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 
CARPENTERS   AND   JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA ' 

Published  on  the  15th   of  each  month  at  the 

CARPENTERS    BUILDING 
Indianapolis,   Ind. 

UNITED   BROTHERHOOD   OF 
CARPENTERS   AKB  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

PUBI-ISHECS 

FRANK  DUETT.   Editor 

ScBscEirnox  Peick 
One  Dollar  a  Tear  in  Advance,  Postpaid 

The  publishers  and  the  advertising 
agent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail= 
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do  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
contents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap= 
pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au= 
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plaints  to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS.   .MAY,   1922 

Something  Fundamentally  Wrong 
Every  few  rears,  and  the  past  two  in 
particular,  as  regular  as  the  seasons 
themselves  we  have  constantly  recurring 
periods  of  depression  in  many  of  our 
staple  industries,  and  thousands  of  work 
people,  who  can  only  just  keep  their 
heads  above  water  in  the  busiest  times, 
are  left  without  work.  How  they  strug- 
gle through  these  terrible  times  is  a 
mystery,  for  although  the  laboring  pop- 
ulation have  little  wealth,  a  good  num- 
ber of  them  seem  to  have  been  blessed 
with  a  double  portion  of  English  pride, 
and  they  resent  nothing  stronger  than 
even  the  mere  imputation  of  poverty. 

We  hear  on  every  hand  that  people 
are  becoming  mean,  sordid,  brutal  and 
selfish,  owing  to  the  blind  race  for 
wealth;   this  nobody   attempts   to   deny, 


and  yet  it  is  perfectly  clear  that  the 
more  raw  material  we  can  take  from 
Mother  Earth  and  transform  into  articles 
of  utility,  the  wealthier  the  community 
must  be.  But  alas!  it  is  wealthier 
collectively  and  not  individually,  and 
the  creed  of  present-day  commercialism 
is  "all  for  self  and  none  for  common- 
wealth." 

Such  a  pass  as  we  are  come  to  in  a 
governed  country  is  a  blot  on  nature.  It 
is  not  logical — for  can  it  be  logical  that 
the  greater  the  waste  the  better  for  the 
community?  And  yet  if  there  were 
greater  waste,  would  there  not  also  be 
greater  demand  for  labor?  It  is  not 
right — it  cannot  be  right  that  an  idle 
class  who  tie  up  the  land  for  private 
parks,  game  and  such  like  should  live  in 
ease  while  those  who  create  all  the 
wealth,  those  who  are  the  bulwark,  the 
sinews,  nay,  the  very  life  of  the  nation, 
should  be  reduced  to  live  in  such  a  state 
that  death  is  often  hailed  as  a  welcome' 
release. 

In  the  face  of  all  this,  politica: 
omists  calmly  say  that  it  is  a  necessary 
evil  consequent  upon  the  "law  of  supply 
and  demand."  But  why?  The  supply 
is  there — even  to  overproduction — and 
Heaven  knows,  there  is  sufficient  de- 
mand. If  this  is  the  result  of  what  they 
call  the  law  of  supply  and  demand,  is 
it  not  high  time  that  this  law  was 
thrown  overboard  and  another  tried  in 
its  stead? 

We,  as  a  Christian  nation,  made  great 
sacrifice  of  blood  and  treasure  to  help 
to  bring  about  the  abolition  of  slavery. 
and  yet  (although  nothing  is  further 
from  our  thoughts  than  to  advocate 
slavery j,  the  slave  was  in  some  res: 
better  off  than  the  number  of  strong  and 
willing  people  who  are  wandering  about 
the  country  today  in  a  futile  search  for 
work.  The  slave  more  often  than  not 
had  a  humane  master — it  was  only  a 
small  minority  who  were  habitually  ill- 
treated — and  they  would  be  well  fed  and 
kept  in  good  trim  by  their  masters  from 
mere  self-interest,  for  the  owner  could 
not  expect  as  much  or  as  good  work  from 
a  half-starved  creature  as  one  who  had 
a  sufficiency  of  wholesome  food.     More- 


THE     CARPENTER 


23 


over,  if  the  slave  fell  ill,  it  was  to  his 
master's  interest  to  treat  him  well  and 
get  him  in  good  health  again  as  quickly 
as  possible  that  he  might  get  back  to 
work. 

Now,  look  for  a  moment  at  the  posi- 
tion of  the  ordinary  workman.  He  is 
usually  paid  such  wages  as  will  just  pro- 
vide him  and  his  family  with  absolute 
necessaries,  and,  in  some  cases,  with  a 
few  inexpensive  luxuries.  If  his  health 
should  break  down  he  is  left  to  struggle 
along  as  best  he  may,  and  as  his  income 
is  cut  off  he  probably  gets  insufficient 
nourishment  and  attention,  and  often 
manages  to  hang  a  millstone  of  debt 
around  his  neck,  which  has  to  be  paid 
off  at  a  few  shillings  weekly  when  he  re- 
covers and-  recommences  work  —  pro- 
viding that  his  situation  has  not  been 
filled  in  the  meantime.  As  he  becomes 
aged  and  begins  to  lose  vigor  a  younger 
man  will  prohably  take  his  place,  and  he 
will  be  supported  either  by  contributions 
from  his  children  (who  themselves  have 
in  many  cases  households  to  maintain), 
or  he  will  be  left  to  end  his  days  in  the 
poorhouse.  There  is  something  funda- 
mentally wrong  with  a  system  that  im- 
poses such  conditions  on  a  country  that 
is  supposed  to  be  "the  land  of  the  free 
and  the  home  of  the  brave." 
*      *      * 

Labor's   Fight  Against   Compulsory 
Arbitration 

In  commenting  on  the  above  caption, 
"Forbes,"  in  its  issue  of  January  21st, 
editorially  says : 

"Organized  Labor  is  up  in  arms 
•against  the  passing  of  any  laws  making 
compulsory  the  arbitration  of  labor  dis- 
putes. Capitalists  of  a  certain  cast  of 
mind  urge  that  labor's  opposition  be  ig- 
nored. Now,  while  it  would  doubtless 
save  the  public  from  much  inconvenience 
were  workmen  compelled  to  settle  all 
their  disputes  without  stopping  work, 
nevertheless,  isn't  it  our  proud  boast  that 
America  is  the  land  where  freedom 
flourishes  as  nowhere  else? 

"Where  tried,  compulsory  arbitration 
has  not  proved  a  panacea  for  all  econ- 
omic strife. 

"Not  only  so,  but  somehow,  deep  down 
hi  one's  heart  there  is  a  feeling  that  we 
ourselves  would  hate  to  be  compelled  to 
work  for  anyone  on  terms  abhorrent  to 
ns.  I  confess  that  I  would  not  like  to 
be  subjected  to  any  law  which  would 
compel  me,  under  any  and  all  circum- 
stances, to  place  a  dispute  with  an  em- 


ployer in  the  hands  of  a  third  party  and 
be  forced  to  work  under  conditions 
which  I  felt  in  my  heart  and  soul  were 
unjust.  I  cherish  my  own  freedom  so 
much  that  I  instinctively  shrink  from 
anything  which  would  even  savor  of 
abridging  the  legitimate  freedom  of  any 
other  human  being. 

"  Of  course,  advocates  of  compulsory 
arbitration  claim  that  the  legislation 
they  advocate  would  not  rob  any  man 
of  his  fullest  freedom.  But  the  central 
idea  of  such  legislation  is  to  prevent  bod- 
ies of  workmen  from  throwing  down 
their  tools.  Personally,  I  would  rather 
accept  the  risk  of  being  subjected  to  very 
grave  inconvenience  than  vote  for  any 
legal  measure  honestly  regarded  by  mil- 
lions of  my  fellowmen  as  fastening  up- 
on them  something  of  the  nature  of,  to 
use  their  own  language,  'slavery.'  " 

"I  would  put  humaneness  above  in- 
dustrial considerations  any  day  and 
every  day. 

"But  I  am  firmly  convinced  that  any- 
thing and  everything  which  is  not  hu- 
mane is  unsound  economically." 

Jjc  *  * 

Blame  for  the  Jobless 

If  employers  were  required  to  pay  to 
furloughed  men  a  dollar  a  day,  over  a 
period  of  thirteen  weeks,  the  unemploy- 
ment problem  would  be  all  but  solved, 
Prof.  John  R.  Commons,  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  "Wisconsin,  declared  in  a  state- 
ment made  to  the  American  Association 
of  Labor  Legislation. 

"Unemployment  insurance  funds  have 
proven  successful  where  tried,  and  un- 
employment compensation  laws  are 
needed  as  an  aid  to  industry  in  perma- 
nently preventing  the  worst  conse- 
quences of  seasonal  and  cyclical  depres- 
sions, Professor  Commons  asserted.  The 
state,  he  thought,  cannot  profitably 
longer  ignore  this  question,  which  strikes 
at  the  very  roots  of  fixed  society. 

"Neither  the  wage-earners  nor  the 
state  can  prevent  unemployment,"  con- 
tinued Dr.  Commons.  "All  they  can  do 
is  to  partly  relieve  it. 

"The  business-like  way  of  doing  it  is 
to  place  the  responsibility  on  the  busi- 
ness men  who  alone  are  in  a  position  to 
prevent  it. 

Cooperative  Societies 

Those  of  our  readers  who  take  an  in- 
terest in  progressive  movements  should 
exercise  care  lest  they  confuse  the  so- 
called   Co-Operative   Society   of  America 


24 


THE     CARPENTER 


with  the  bona  fide  co-operative  organiza- 
tions that  have  been  and  are  being  or- 
ganized all  over  the  country.  The  Co- 
operative Society  of  America,  which  is 
wholly  dominated  by  a  man  named  Har- 
rison Parker  and  three  or  four  others, 
has  been  having  trouble  in  the  courts  for 
some  time  and  is  barred  from  doing 
business  in  quite  a  number  of  states  be- 
cause of  "blue  sky"  laws  that  serve  as  a 
check  on  shady  transactions.  It  is 
charged  that  Parker  and  his  associates 
stung  investors  for  upward  of  $11,000,- 
000  in  various  undertakings,  some  of 
which  are  alleged  to  be  clearly  fraudu- 
lent while  others  may  be  only  partial 
losses.  It  is  unfortunate  that  they  are 
scheming  parasites  who  always  succeed 
in  feeding  upon  honest  and  bona  fide 
movements  by  purloining  a  good  name. 
Therefore,  it  behooves  those  who  are  in- 
terested in  co-operation  and  who  desire 
to  join  the  movement  to  investigate  the 
subject  carefully  before  investing  any 
funds.  The  All-American  Co-Operative 
League,  with  headquarters  in  Washing- 
ton, is  a  bona  fide  organization. 
*      *      * 

Union  Labor  Big  Asset  To  Country 

"Organized  labor  is  America's  great- 
est asset,"  declared  Congressman  James 
O'Connor,  of  New  Orleans,  in  the  course 
of  a  remarkable  speech  in  the  House  of 
Representatives  on  the  industrial  situa- 
tion.    He  said  in  part: 

"I  am  for  the  Federation  of  Labor  as 
an  American  who  wishes  to  see  his  coun- 
try remain  the  land  of  the  free  and  the 
home  of  the  brave — not  an  imperial  au- 
tocracy with  a  few  thousand  financial, 
industrial  and  commercial  nabobs  in  con- 
trol of  the  destiny  of  the  nation.  The 
American  Federation  is  the  great  in- 
strumentality by  which  American  men 
and  women  have  been  able  to  secure 
even  an  approach  to  their  share  of  the 
wealth  they  help  to  create." 

Discussing  unemployment,  Mr.  O'Con- 
nor said: 

"Ponder  over  this  startling  and 
mournful  statement :  The  former  na- 
tional commander  of  the  American  Le- 
gion states  that  200.000  men  who  were 
willing  to  go  through  hell  to  serve  their 
country  only  a  few  years  ago  are  with- 
out employment  today,  and  that  means, 
perhaps,  without  bread  in  the  near 
future — and  millions  of  their  fellow 
workers    walk    the    streets    in    our   big 


cities,  agonized  and  helpless,  in  the  face 
of  the  most  fearful  calamity  that  has 
ever  befallen  our  agricultural  and  busi- 
ness interests. 

"What  a  tragic  commentary  on  a  civ- 
ilization that  can  boast  of  the  wonders 
that  have  been  accomplished  in  the  fields 
of  art  architecture,  engineering  and 
science." 

Mr.  O'Connor  called  attention  to  the 
fact  that  the  repeal  of  the  tax  on  excess 
profits  would  save  hundreds  of  millions 
of  dollars  to  those  corporations  which 
have  profiteered  during  and  since  the 
war.  These  profiteers,  he  said,  were 
conducting  a  nation-wide  attack  on  Or- 
ganized Labor,  in  order  to  divert  public 
attention  from  their  own  misdeeds. 

"In  order  to  bolster  up  their  cry  for  a 
reduction  in  the  pay  of  wage  workers, 
and  in  order  to  head  off  and  confuse  the 
public,"  he  said,  "these  artful  dodgers 
shouted  'stop  thief — stop  union  labor. 
Backed  by  a  howling  propaganda  this 
ruse  has  been  in  a  measure  successful. 
But  their  triumph  is  only  momentary. 

"Soon  or  late  the  American  people  will 
determine  that  it  is  watered  stock  which 
is  the  thief,  and  not  union  labor;  that 
the  open  shop  cry  is  bunk  and  guff  to 
throw  the  inquisitors  off  the  track,  and 
to  beat  down  Organized  Labor  first,  and 
all  other  labor  subsequently,  so  that  the 
wage  earners  of  America  shall  be  the 
servants  and  the  hirelings  of  the  rich 
and  opulent." 

Workers  Educated  In  Co=Operation 

The  St.  Paul  Labor  College,  organized 
by  the  Trades  and  Labor  Assembly  of 
the  Minnesota  pity,  announces  a  course 
on  Banks  and  Finance,  including  co-op- 
erative control  of  credit.  Forty  worker.1 
are  already  enrolled  for  the  course, 
which  will  be  given  by  a  banker  in 
sympathy  with  labor's  ideals. 

As  the  outcome  of  a  course  in  co-op- 
eration in  the  Boston  Labor  College,  the 
building  trades  unions  have  formed  the 
Construction  and  Housing  Company  oj 
Boston,  with  $100,000  capital,  which  if 
not  only  building  homes  for  workers,  bul 
doing  important  construction  work  foi 
outside  parties.  General  courses  in  the 
principles  of  co-operation  are  now  be- 
ing provided  for  New  York  workers  bj 
the  educational  departments  of  two  oJ 
the  larger  labor  unions, 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE  UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters"   Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,   Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San   Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh   District,  ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord   St.,   Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.   HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK   DUFF'S,    Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
^oard  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receiv= 
ing  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter," 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen= 
eral  Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  and 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for, 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  this 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi= 
nancial  Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand= 
ing  who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the   General  Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in= 
to  consideration  that  it  is  necessary  to 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the 
names  of  members  who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  their 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  their 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  are 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attention 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they  will 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financial 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  information 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  and 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  with 
those  who  have  changed  their  address, 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Office 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpose 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  roster 
of  3rour  membership,  and  their  addresses, 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

By  canning  out  the  foregoing  instruc- 
tions you  will  not  only  assist  this  General 
Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of  our 
official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,"  but 
you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  membership 
at  large. 


26 


THE     CARPENTER 


Convention  Call  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor 

The  Forty-second  Annual  Convention 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
will  be  held  at  Cincinnati,  O.,  beginning 
at  10:00  o'clock.  Monday  morning,  June 
12,  1922,  and  will  continue  in  session 
from  day  to  day  until  the  business  of  the 
Convention  is  completed. 

Representation  in  the  Convention  will 
be  on  the  same  basis  as  heretofore. 

Questions  of  importance,  will  of  neces- 
sity, occupy  the  attention  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati Convention.  Therefore,  the  im- 
portance of  our  movement,  the  duty  of 
the  hour  and  for  the  future,  demand 
that  our  organization  shall  send  its  full* 
quota  of  delegates. 

The  Convention  will  meet  at  the 
Armory  and  the  Headquarters  of  the 
Executive  Council  will  be  at  the  Linton 
Hotel. 


Convention     Call    of    the    Union     Label 

Trades  Department  of  the  American 

Federation    of    Labor 

The  Fifteenth  Convention  of  this  De- 
partment will  be  held  at  Cincinnati,  O., 
beginning  at  10 :00  o'clock  Thursday 
morning,  June  8,  1922,  and  will  con- 
tinue in  session  from  day  to  day  until 
the  business  of  the  Convention  has  been 
completed.  Representation  in  the  Con- 
vention will  he  on  the  same  basis  as 
heretofore. 

The  Headquarters  of  the  President 
and  Secretary  will  be  at  the  Linton 
Hotel,  where  delegates  should  present 
their  original  credentials  immediately 
upon  their  arrival  in  Cincinnati. 


Landis  Organized  Baseball 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

At  a  meeting  of  L.  U.  No.  13,  held 
Thursday  evening.  March  23.  1922.  I 
was  on  motion  instructed  to  communi- 
cate with  all  the  Local  Unions  in  this 
district,  asking  them  to  request  their 
members  to  refrain  from  attending 
Landis  organized  baseball,  also  to  com- 
municate with  the  General  Office,  asking 
them  to  have  our  request  printed  in  our 
monthly    Journal.    "The    Carpenter," 

With  best  wish  I  remain, 
Fraternally  yours, 
L.  U.  No.   13.  WM.   R.   DANIELS. 

Endorsed  by  L.  U.  No.  10,  No.  181, 
No.  504,  No.  1784,  No.  1367,  No.  448, 
Chicago  District  Council, 


Notice 

The  Chamber  of  Commerce  of  Phila 
delphia,  Pa.,  are  spreading  broadcast 
through  the  daily  press,  notices  asking 
for  mechanics  and  leading  them  to  be 
leive  that  work  has  started  on  the  Sesqpi 
Centennial  exhibition  buildings.  W 
are  advised  by  our  District  Council  o 
that  city  that  this  is  not  true,  as  tt<\ 
have  not  as  yet  broken  ground,  in  fact 
there  is  very  little  work  there  for  tli 
men  of  that  district  and  under  the  cir 
cumstances  we  would  advise  our  mem 
bers  to  take  up  the  matter  with  W.  T 
Allen,  Secretary-Treasurer  of  the  Dis 
trict  Council  before  making  arrange 
ments  for  going  there  to  work. 


Local  Unions  Chartered  In  March 
Childers,  Tex.  Atlanta,  Ga. 

East  San  Diego.  Cat         Boyle  Heights,  Cal. 
Stanwood,  Wash. 

Total.  5  Local  Unions. 


Proceedings    of    the    Second     Quarterly 

Session,  1922,  of  the  General 

Executive  Board 

During  the  interim  between  the  first  and  sei 
ond  quarterly  session  of  1922,  the  followin 
was  acted  upon  by  the  Board  by  corres 
pondence. 

January  30,  1922. 

Marion.  Ind.,  L.  U.  365. — Movement  for  th, 
same  scale  of  wages,  80c  per  hour.  8-hour  day 
effective  March  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  grant 
ed ;  financial  aid  to  be  considereed  later,  ii 
such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  whei 
reports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

March  20,  1922. 

The  second  quarterly  1922  session  of  th 
General  Executive  Board  was  called  to  order  '■; 
General  President  Hutcheson  on  the  above  dar» 

The  reports  of  the  General  President.  Fir- 
and  Second  General  Vice-Presidents  were  re 
ceived  and  filed. 

A  general  discussion  took  place  relative  t< 
the  good  and  welfare  of  the  organization  ant 
the  prospects  for  the  coming  vear. 

'March  21,  1922. 

Cleveland,  O.,  District  Council. — Full  ac^ 
counting  of  appropriations  made  to  Clevelani 
District  Council  for  relief  of  men  locked  oir 
during  the  ye>ar  1921  received,  accepted  an' 
filed.  The  General  Executive  Board  appropri 
ated  the  sum  of  $537.50  to  reimburse  the  Dis 
trict  Council  overpaid. 

Secretary  Schwarzer  and  Business  Agen 
Ruddy  of  the  Cleveland  District  Council  ap 
peared  before  the  Board  relative  to  the  present 
lockout  brought  about  on  account  of  the  mer 
refusing  to  accept  a  reduction  in  wages  an< 
other  causes.  After  thorough  consideration  ol 
the  case  the  Board  decided  to  financially  assi^i 
the  Cleveland  District  Council  as  detailed  re: 
ports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

Peru,  111.,  L.  U.  Xo.  196. — Request  for  strike 
benefits.  Not  having  supplied  the  General  Office, 
with  the  information  asked  for  in  accordance 
with  the  instructions  of  the  General  Executive 
Board  at  last  meeting  and  not  having  followed 
out  the  advise  given,  the  General  Executiv 
Board  cannot  gTant  financial  aid, 


^_ 


THE     CARPENTER 


27 


Charlotte,  N.  C,  L.  U.  No.  2146. — The  sum 
>f  $200  was  appropriated  for  organizing  pur- 
iosck  to  be  spent  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Jeneral  President. 

Knoxville,  Tenn.,  L.  U.  No.  50. — An  appro- 
bation of  $500  was  made  for  organizing  pur- 
ines to  be  spent  under  the  supervision  of  the 
Jeneral  President. 

Oklahoma.   City,    Okla.,    L.    U.    No.    276. — Re- 

luest  for  an  appropriation  for  organizing  pur- 

loses.     The  General   Executive  Board   referred 

equest  to  the  General  President  to  inaugurate 

I  n  organizing  campaign. 

Aurora,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  .916. — Request  for  an 
Impropriation  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  their 
members  in  good  standing.     Request  denied. 

New  Orleans,  La.,  District  Council. — Request 

fir  an  appropriation  of  $2,000  for  the  purpose 

f  maintaining  a  Business  Agent.     Request  de- 

ied  and  the  matter  of  organizing  was  referred 

'■  o  the  General  President. 

Killings,  Mont.,  L.  U.  No.  1172. — The  sum 
f  !?r>00  was  appropriated  for  organizing  pur- 
oses  to  be  spent  under  the  supervision  of  the 
eneral  President. 

Rockford,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  1523. — Request  for 
u  appropriation  to  be  expended  for  organizing 
tirposes.     Request  denied. 

Omaha,  Neb. — Twin  City  District  Council. — 
pquest    for    an    appropriation    for    organizing 
1  arposes.     Denied. 
Great  Falls,  Mont.,   L.   U.   No.   286. — Protest 
,rainst   the   suspension    of    G.    A.    Bosley   from 
ocal    Union   by   the   General   President  for   is- 
ling  a   circular   letter   advocating   the  forma- 
>n  of  "One  Big  Union."     The  General  Exeeu- 
ve  Board  concurred  in  the  action  of  the  Gen- 
ii 1  President. 
'  An  emblem  for  the  Ladies'  Auxiliary  Unions, 
i,  insisting  of  the  official  shield  of  our  organiza- 
»n  in  the  center  surrounded  by  a  white  circle 
ith    the    words :      '"Ladies'    Auxiliary    of    the 
uited  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
America"  as  suggested  by  Ladies'  Auxiliary 
>.   <>3  of  Atlantic  City,   N.  J.,  and  submitted 
i    the  General  Office  by  Brother  R.  C.  Gaskill 
I  is  adopted   by   the  Board  as   the  official   em- 
im  for  Ladies'  Auxiliary  Unions. 
!  Magna,    Utah,    L.    U.    No.    1894. — An    appro- 
iation  of  $24  was  made  for  organizing  pur- 
I  ses  to  be  spent  under  the  supervision  of  the 
ineral  President. 

I  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  L.  U.  No.  725.— An  ap- 
iopriation    of    $60    was    made    for    organizing 
rposes  to  be  spent  under  the  supervision   of 
■  General  President. 

Toronto,  Can.,  District  Council. — Request  for 
appropriation  was  denied. 
-  (  Presidtmt  Jensen,  Secretary-Treasurer  Galvin 
d  Business  Agent  Taylor,  representing  the 
icago  District  Council,  appeared  before  tin; 
ard  relative  to  conditions  as  they  exist  in 
icago  at  the  present  time,  particularly  the 
lea  in  court.  These  matters  were  referred 
the  General  President  for  further  infor- 
tion. 

March  22,  1922. 
3t  Joseph  County  District  Council,  South 
ud,  Ind. — Request  for  an  appropriation  of 
•0  for  organizing  purposes.  Request  denied, 
•luskegon  and  Muskegon  Heights  District 
-ineil,  Muskegon,  Mich.- — Request  for  an  ap- 
»priation  to  maintain  a  Business  Agent.  Re- 
■st  denied. 

Uigusta,   Ga.,   L.    U.    No.   2S3. — The   sum   of 
>0    was    appropriated    for    organizing    work, 
be  spent  under  the  supervision  of  the  Gen- 
1  1  President. 


Salt  Lake  City,  Utah,  L.  U.  No.  184. — Three 
hundred  dollars  was  appropriated  for  organ- 
izing work,  to  be  spent  under  the  supervision 
of  the  General  President. 

Cisco,  Tex.,  L.  U.  1410. — Request  for  an  ap- 
propriation to  make  payment  on  Labor  Temple 
Building.  Request  denied  as  the  General  Ex- 
ecutive Board  is  not  authorized  to  appropriate 
funds  to  assist  in  payments  on  Labor  Temples 
or  homes. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  427,  Omaha,  Neb.,  from 
the  decision  rendered  by  the  General  President 
in  the  case  of  J.  M.  Hansen  vs.  L.  U.  No.  427. 
The  decision  of  the  General  President  was  sus- 
tained on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal 
dismissed. 

Somersworth,  N.  H.,  L.  U.  No.  2429. — An  ap- 
propriation of  $432  was  made  for  the  relief  of 
men  locked  out. 

Bristol,  Conn.,  L.  U.  No.  952. — An  appropria- 
tion of  $288  was  made  for  the  relief  of  men 
locked  out. 

Santa  Rosa,  Cal.,  L.  U.  No.  751. — An  appro- 
priation of  $60  was  made  for  the  relief  of  men 
locked   out. 

Cleveland,  O.,  District  Council. — An  appro- 
priation of  $2,310  was  made  for  the  relief  of 
men  locked  out. 

Sioux  City,  Iowa,  L.  U.  No.  948. — An  appro- 
priation of  $132  was  made  as  the  final  payment 
of  benefits  for  relief  of  men  locked  out. 

Livermore  Falls,  Me.,  L.  U.  No.  1963. — Re- 
quest of  Local  Union  to  circularize  the  Local 
Unions  in  the  State  of  Maine  for  financial  aid 
in  their  present  lockout  was  approved  by  the 
General  Executive  Board. 

Chillicothe,  O.,  L.  U.  No.  1255. — Movement 
for  same  scale,  SOc  per  hour,  8-hour  day,  effec- 
tive June  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  only 
granted. 

Pembroke,  Ont.,  Can.,  L.  U.  No.  2466. — Move- 
ment for  minimum  wage  of  65c  per  hour  and 
9-hour  day,  effective  June  1,  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant, 
as  reports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

Stevens  Point,  Wis.,  L.  U.  No.  1919. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale  of  75c  per  hour,  effective 
May  1,  1922.     Official  sanction  only  granted. 

Sheboygan,  Wis.,  L.  U.  No.  657.* — Movement 
for  same  scale,  S2|c  per  hour,  effective  May  1, 
1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

Calgary,  Alberta,  Can.,  District  Council. — 
Movement  for  same  scale  of  wages,  90c  per 
hour,  effective  April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in 
such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports 
are  made  to  the  (Jeneral  Office.     - 

Appleton,  Wis.,  Fox  River  Valley  District 
Council. — Trade  movement.  The  provision  of 
Paragraph  II,  Section  58,  of  our  General  Laws 
not  having  been  complied  with,  the  matter  is 
laid  over. 

Lebanon,  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  677. — Movement  for 
same  scale,  70c  per  hour,  and  8-hour  day.  effec- 
tive May  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted  ; 
financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

Lower  Anthracite  Region  District  Council. 
Pa. — Movement  for  same  scale  of  wages,  80c 
to  90c  per  hour,  effective  April  1.  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant; 
as  reports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 


28 


THE     CARPENTER 


Dawson  Springs,  Ky.,  L.  U.  No.  2124. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale  of  wages,  80c  per  hour, 
effective  April  3,  1922.  Official  sanction  only 
granted. 

Jersey  City,  N.  J.,  L.  U.  No.  1985.  (Box- 
makers  and  Sawyers.)  Movement  for  increase 
in  wages,  effective  May  1,  1922.  Official  sanc- 
tion granted ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant, 
as  reports  are  received  at  the  General  Office. 

Evansville,  Ind.,  L.  U.  No.  90. — Movement 
for  an  increase  in  wages  from  86c  to  92Jc  per 
hour,  effective  April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later, 
in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as 
reports  are  received  at  the  General  Office. 

New  Philadelphia,  O.,  L.  U.  No.  1S02. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale  of  wages,  87Jc  per  hour, 
effective  May  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  grant- 
ed ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
received  at  the  General  Office. 

Allentown,  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  1285. — Movement 
for  an  increase  in  wages  from  60c  to  70c  per 
hour,  effective  May  1,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in 
such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports 
are  received  at  the  General  Office. 

Eau  Claire,  Wis.,  L.  U.  No.  1074. — Movement 
for  same  scale  of  wages,  70c  per  hour,  effective 
May  15,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted  ;  finan- 
cial aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums 
as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  re- 
ceived at  the  General  Office. 

Manitowoc,  Wis.,  L.  U.  No.  849. — Movement 
for  same  scale  of  wages,  80c  per  hour,  effective 
April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  finan- 
cial aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums 
as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  re- 
ceived at  the  General  Office. 

Decatur,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  742. — Movement  for 
same  scale  of  wages,  90c  per  hour,  effective 
April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted  ;  finan- 
cial aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums 
as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  re- 
ceived at  the  General  Office. 

Ottawa,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  661. — Movement  for 
same  scale  of  wages,  87|c  per  hour,  effective 
April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted  ;  finan- 
cial aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as 
the  funds  will*  warrant,  as  reports  are  received 
at  the  General  Office. 

Neenah,  Wis.,  L.  TJ.  No.  630.  (Millmen.) 
Movement  for  an  increase  in  wages  from  50c 
to  60c  per  hour,  effective  April  1,  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant, 
as  reports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

Chester,  W.  Va.,  L.  U.  435. — Movement  for 
same  scale,  $1  per  hour,  effective  May  1,  1922. 
Official  sanction  only  granted. 

Windsor,  Ont.,  Can.,  L.  U.  No.  494. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale  of  wages,  90c  per  hour, 
effective  April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  grant- 
ed ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

Kankakee,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  496. — Movement  for 
an  increase  in  wages  from  85c  to  90c  per  hour, 
effective  April  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  only 
granted. 

Chambersburg,  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  616. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale  of  wages,  60c  per  hour, 
effective  May  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  grant- 
ed ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

Rochester,    Pa.,    L.    U,    No.    422. — Movement 


for  same  scale,  $1  per  hour,  effective  May  1, 
1922.  Official  sanction  granted  ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

Tipton,  Ind.,  L.  U.  No.  358. — Movement  for 
same  scale,  75c  per  hour,  effective  March  1, 
1922.     Official  sanction  only  granted. 

Danville,  111.,  L.  U.  No.  269. — Movement  for 
same  scale,  87£c  per  hour,  effective  April  1, 
1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

York,  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  191. — Movement  for 
same  scale,  75c  per  hour,  effective  April  1, 
1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

Lawrence,  Mass.,  District  Council. — Move- 
ment for  an  increase  in  wages  from  85c  to  90c 
per  hour,  effective  May  15,  1922.  Movement 
sanctioned  without  financial  aid. 

Cornwall,  Ont.,  Can.,  L.  U.  No.  2307 — Move- 
ment for  minimum  wage  of  55c  per  hour,  and 
9-hour  day,  effective  May  15,  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant, 
as  reports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

Kansas  City,  Mo.,  District  Council. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale,  $1  per  hour,  effective  May 
1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted;  financial 
aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

The  certificate  covering  the  bond  of  $50,000 
on  General  Treasurer  Neale  was  received  and 
referred  to  the  General  President  for  safe' 
keeping. 

The  certificate  covering  the  bond  of  $2,000 
on  Harry  R.  Allen,  bookkeeper,  was  received 
and  referred  to  the  General  Secretary  for  safe 
keeping. 

Taft,  Cal.,  L.  U.  No.  1774.— Request  to  cir- 
culate an  appeal  to  all  Local  Unions  for  finan- 
cial assistance  was  denied. 

The  General  Executive  Board  accepted  the 
proposition  of  Coffield,  Sanders  &  Company, 
certified  public  accountants,  to  make  a  quart- 
erly audit  of  the  books  and  accounts  for  a  fee 
of  $500  for  the  year  1922. 

Philadelphia,  Pa. — Request  of  P.  W.  Burgess, 
L.  U.  No.  S  and  W.  T.  Allen,  Secretary  of  the 
District  Council,  that  the  General  Office  open 
an  account  with  the  Producers  and  Consumers 
Bank  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.     Request  denied. 

The  following  accountings  were  received  and 
filed  by  the  General  Executive  Board  covering 
strike  and  lockout  appropriations  : 

Tonopah,  Nev.,  L.  U.  No.  1417,  during  the 
month  of  January,  1922. 

San  Francisco,  Cal.,  District  Council.,  dur- 
ing the  months  of  June  and  September,  1921. 

Cincinnati,  O.,  District  Council,  during  the 
months  of  November,  December,  January,  1921 
and  1922. 

New  York,  N.  Y.,  District  Council,  during 
Ihe  month  of  February,  1922. 

Hoswell,  N.  M.,  L.  U.  No.  511,  during  the 
months  of  December,  1921,  January  and  Feb- 
ruary, 1922. 

March  23,  1922. 

Bethlehem,  Pa.,  L.  U.  No.  406. — Request  re- 
ceived from  Local  Union  to  hold  in  abeyance 
1922  trade  movements  considered  at  the  Jan- 
uary, 1922,  session  of  the  General  Executive 
Board,  which  was  referred  by  that  body  to  the 


THE     CARPENTER 


29 


General  President  and  member  of  the  General 
BKecutive  Board  from  Second  District  for  in- 
vestigation. General  Executive  Board  com- 
plied with  request. 

Appeal  of  Clement  Tarditi,  L.  U.  No.  36,  Oak- 
land, Cal.,  from  the  decision  of  the  General 
[Measurer  in  disapproving'  claim  for  disability 
donation.  The  General  Executive  Board  sus- 
laincd  Ihe  decision  as  rendered  by  the  General 
Treasurer  on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and 
appeal  was  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  157,  Boston,  Mass.,  in 
the  disapproved  claim  for  disability  donation 
of  Philip  Bloomenfleld.  The  decision  of  the 
(jeperal  Executive  Board  rendered  October  20, 
1921,  was  reaffirmed  by  the  Board. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  1117,  Oilton,  Okla., 
from  the  decision  of  the  General  Treasurer, 
account  disapproved  claim  of  J.  E.  Fox  for 
wife's  funeral  donation.  The  General  Execu- 
tive Board  referred  the  matter  back  to  the 
'jeneral  Treasurer  for  further  investigation. 

Appeal  of  August  Engelbrecht,  L.  U.  No. 
1055,  Lincoln,  Neb.,  from  the  decision  as  ren- 
lered  by  the  General  Treasurer  in  disapproving 
laim  for  wife's  funeral  donation.  The  deci- 
sion as  rendered  by  the  General  Treasurer  was 
sustained  on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and 
ippeal  dismissed. 

Manchester,  N.  H.,  L.  U.  No.  2064. — An  ap- 
iropriation  of  $1,446  was  made  for  the  relief 
if  men  on  strike. 

The  regular  quarterly  audit  of  the  books  and 
ecounts  was  taken  up  at  this  time  and  con- 
inued  throughout  the  day. 

March  24,  1922. 

The  audit  of  books  and  accounts  continued. 

There  being  no  further  business  to  come 
j  efore  the  Board,  the  minutes  were  read  and 
he  session  was  adjourned.  The  next  meeting 
,o  be  held  commencing  Monday,  June  19,  1922. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

PRANK  DUFFY,   Secretary. 


carpenters  first  united  as  a  labor  body. 
The  meeting  hall  in  the  new  temple  af- 
fords ample  facilities  for  large  gather- 
ings and  all  kinds  of  entertainment. 


Women  Will  Organize  Auxiliary  To 
Local  Carpenters'  Union 

Tulsa.  Okla.,  carpenters  and  their 
ives  and  families  had  a  big  "house- 
arming"  social  affair  in  the  new  Labor 
temple  recently.  Plans  had  been  made 
)r  a  general  good  time  which  everyone 
ajoyed  from  the  old  folks  down  to  the 
ids. 

But   the    music,    dancing   and    games 
ere  not  the  main  features  of  the  pro- 
rain.     The  women  in  the  families  are 
reparing  to  organize  a  Ladies'  Auxiliary 
i   the   local    Carpenters    Union.      More 
tan  fi.OOO  women  in  Tulsa  are  eligible 
membership  in  the  new  organization, 
is   stated   by    officers.      Not   only    the 
ives,    but    the    sisters,    daughters    and 
others  will  be  included  in  the  roll. 
The  entertainment  was   in   charge  of 
r.   M.    Michaels,    Ted    Rau   and    W.    E. 
'i'.     Some  of  the  older  members  of  the 
•  ion    demonstrated    the    dancing    steps 
1881   which  were  danced   when   the 


Union   Pen  Signs  Treaties 

A  trade  union  pen  was  used  by  Secre- 
tary of  State  Hughes  in  signing  the 
treaties  resulting  from  the  International 
Conference  on  the  Limitation  of  Arma- 
ment. 

The  pen  was  made  by  David  Fair- 
banks, 111  Throop  St.,  Chicago,  mem- 
ber of  the  Painters'  Union.  It  was  pre- 
sented to  Secretary  Hughes  on  Decem- 
ber 21  by  Mr.  Fairbanks  and  President 
Gompers  of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor. 

Wood  from  twenty-eight  states  was 
used  in  making  the  pen.  It  was  mount- 
ed with  a  gold  eagle  and  had  a  gold 
point.  From  the  staff  fluttered  twenty- 
eight  flags,  each  attached  by  a  silken 
cord. 

The  pen  will  be  preserved  by  the 
Daughters  of  the  American  Revolution, 
in  Colonial  Hall  where  the  treaties  were 
signed. 


Owed  To  a  Restaurant 

'Twas  in  a  restaurant  they  met — 

One  Romeo,   one  Juliet ; 

'Twas  there  he  first  fell  into  debt, 

For  Romeo- d  what  Juli-et. 

« 

If  We  Only  Understood 

If  we  knew  the  care  and  trials, 

Knew  the  efforts  all  in  vain, 
And  the  bitter  disappointment. 

Understood  the  loss  and  gain — 
Should  we  help  where  now  we  hinder? 

Should  we  pity  where  we  blame? 

Ah  !  we  judge  each  other  harshly, 

Knowing   not    Life's    bidden    force — 
Knowing  not  the  fount  of  action 

Is  less  turbid  at  its  source. 
Seeing  not  amid  the  evil 

All  the  golden  grains  of  good ; 
And  we'd  love  each  other  better 

If  we  only   understood. 

Could  we  judge  all  deeds  by  motives 

That  surround  each   other's  lives, 
See  the  naked  heart  and  spirit. 

Know  what  spur  the  action  gives, 
Often  we  would  find  it  better. 

Purer  than  we  judge  we  should, 
We  should  love  each   other   better 

If  we  only  understood. 

Could  we  judge  all   deeds  by   motives, 

See  the  good  and  bad  within. 
Often  we  should  love  the  sinner 

All  the  while  we  loathe  (lie  sin; 
Could  we  know  the  powers  working 

To  overthrow  integrity. 
We  should  judge  each  other's  errors, 

More  with   patient    charity. 

—Exchange. 


If  you  are  acquainted  with  happiness 
introduce  him  to  your  neighbor. 


CorrospondoncQ 


A  Few  Notes  From  L.  U.  No.  89 

Editor.  "The  Carpenter": 

All  things  considered,  the  members  of 
L.  D.  No.  89  have  good  reason  for  being 
thankful  for  the  manner  in  which  the 
work  of  the  Local  is  going  on.  We  have 
had  a  goodly  number  of  members  falling 
off.  but  are  also  recruiting  new  mem- 
bers right  along.  The  members  are  re- 
ceiving the  scale  here  despite  the  fact 
that  the  carpenters  —  so-called  —  are 
working  at  anything  being  offered  to 
them.  Work  is  scarce  and  most  of  the 
members  have  been  working  for  "Hunter 
&  Walk.**  We  have  had  a  mild  winter 
thus  far  and  this  has  been  a  real  God- 
send. 

L.  D.  No.  89  is  actively  assisting  in 
helping  to  take  care  of  the  unemployed 
and  has  done  what  it  could  in  supporting 
the  "New  Hope  Committee"  work.  This 
is  an  organization  which  has  formed  af- 
ter the  Central  Trades  Council  here  pro- 
tested against  the  unemployed  being  de- 
ported by  the  truck  load  and  also  being 
fined  and  sentenced  by  the  judges  to 
work  the  roads  in  convict  uniform.  We 
aim  to  keep  in  touch  with  the  cases  as 
they  are  called  in  court  and  take  care 
of  the  men  who  have  union  cards  by 
placing  them  in  the  New  Hope  Commit- 
tee Home  where  they  have  shelter  and  a 
bed  with  plain  food  until  they  can  earn 
a  few  dollars  by  doing  odd  jobs. 

Brother  Charles  H.  Franck  was  elected 
President  of  the  Mobile  Central  Trades 
Council  and  L.  U.  No.  89  holds  the  best 
record  for  attendance  at  the  Trades 
Council  meetings. 

Under  the  active  direction  of  L.  U.  No. 
89  steps  are  now  being  taken  to  con- 
solidate under  one  charter  the  different 
Local  Unions  of  the  United  Brotherhood 
and  this  move  when  completed  will  be 
of  no  small  benefit  to  the  movement  in 
this  district. 

Members  of  the  United  Brotherhood 
and  their  friends  will  save  themselves 
a  lot  of  time,  money  and  trouble  by 
staying  away  from  this  coast  country, 
and  especially  from  the  much  written 
about  Mussels  Shoals  project. 


The  saw-mills  offer  the  only  real  field 
for  employment  and  they  are  over-sup- 
plied with  wages  ranging  from  75c  to  $2 
a  day  for  ten  and  eleven  hours'  work, 
compulsory  trading  at  the  company  com- 
misaries.  hovels  to  live  in  and  a  gunman 
ready  to  shoot  your  head  off  off  if  you 
even  whisper  anything  about  unions.  So 
stay  away  from  the  mills  and  camps  of 
the  South.  Organizers  trying  to  get  the 
men  in  the  timber  industry  organized 
are  kidnapped — beaten  to  a  pulp —  shot 
and  even  killed.  This  is  in  America  in 
the  year  A.  D.  1922  after  the  world  was 
made  safe  for  democracy,  that  is.  for 
everybody  everywhere,  except  in  the 
sunny  southland  of  the  U.  S.  A. 

While  thousands  of  men  are  out  of 
work  along  this  coast,  the  United  States 
Shipping  Board  has  hundreds  of  ships 
of  all  descriptions  laid  up  in  the  "bone- 
yard"  here.  These  ships  are  being  placed  , 
in  commission.  Ir  would  be  a  saving  of 
many  tens  of  thousands  of  dollars  to  the 
taxpayers  of  this  country  if  the  Ship- 
ping Board  would  keep  these  ships  in 
repair,  doing  the  work  themselves,  thus 
saving  many,  many  thousands  of  dollars 
in  profits  which  now  go  into  the  pockets 
of  the  dollar  a  day  patriots  and  the  work 
would  put  hundreds  of  skilled  mechanics 
at  work.  Why  not  have  the  Brotherhood 
Local  Unions  agitate  this  matter  and  get 
in  touch  with  our  Congressmen  and  Sen- 
ators demanding  that  the  Government's 
property  be  protected  and  safeguarded. 
THOMAS   J.   O'CONNOR. 

.  Secretary  L.  U.  No.  89.  Mobile.  Ala. 


Every  Little  Bit  Helps 

Editor.   "The  Carpenter*': 

Just  a  little  corner  in  our  Journal,  to 
show  the  brothers  what  labor  can  do, 
when  everyone  puts  his  shoulders  to  the 
wheel. 

At  the  city  election,  held  in  Clovis 
this  week,  we  entered  the  race  with  three 
labor  candidates  for  city  commissioners. 
and  had  the  satisfaction  of  electing  all 
three  of  them  with  a  majority  of  532 
votes,  or  practically  2  to  1. 

One  of  the  newly  elected  commission- 
ers is  a  member  of  our  Local.     Our  wo- 


THE     CARPENTER 


31 


men  stood  side-  by  side  with  our  men, 
and  to  them  is  duo  much  of  the  credit 
for  our  victory. 

It  was  the  hardest  battle  ever  waged 
at  the  Clovis  polls,  and  the  victory  will 
do  much  to  stimulate  unionism  in  Clovis. 
Fraternally  yours, 

JAKE   LAAN. 
L.  IT.  No.  671.  Clovis,  N.  M. 


An   Inquiry 

Editor,   "The  Carpenter": 

May  I  ask  through  your  columns 
a  few  questions  of  your  trap-nest, 
brother?  The  way  he  has  written  about. 
the  trap-nest  we  hardly  know  whether 
he  is  making  a  joke  of  the  trap-nest  or 
whether  he  really  has  something  good. 
We  have  to  read  between  lines  of  what 
he  has  written. 

Now,  if  we  understand  his  scheme,  it 
would  be  to  have  a  trap-nest  for  each 
hen,  which  would  cost  from  $3  to  $5 
each.  The  hen  would  go  in  the  nest  at 
her  leisure  and  would  be  trapped  there, 
then  she  would  lay  her  egg  and  stay 
there  until  such  a  time  as  the  owner 
sees  fit  to  come  and  take  her  number 
and  let  her  out. 

Now,  I  am  interested  in  chickens,  and 
am  open  for  new  inventions,  but  I  al- 
ways look  at  the  financial  points  first, 
but  if  our  brother  can  make  his  inven- 
tion plainer  and  show  it  is  a  paying 
investment,  Ave  are  there  to  invest. 
Fraternally  yours, 

D.   C.   PINGRBY. 
L.  U.  No.  2431.  Chico,  Cal. 


Protecting  His  TooS  Box 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

Did  you  ever  hear  of  a  man  being 
hoisted  by  his  own  petard  or  something 
like  that?  Well,  that  is  what  happened 
to  me. 

Some  years  ago  I  invented  a  burglar 
alarm,  but  never  done  much  with  it.  It 
consists  of  a  tube  to  put  in  a  blank 
cartridge,  in  which,  when  a  spring  is  re- 
leased, sends  the  cartridge  off  with  a 
bang. 

A  few  days  ago  I  put  this  on  my  tool 
box,  and  connected  same  with  a  string. 
When  I  arrived  at  work  I  released  the 
string  and  opened  the  box  all  right  until 
Saturday  morning. 

When  I  came  on  the  job  I  opened  the 
box  without  thinking  of  releasing  the 
string  and  the  cartridge  went  off  with  a 
great  bang. 


This  idea  of  protecting  a  tool  box  oc- 
curred to  me  a  few  years  ago.  There 
were  a   lot   of  loo]   boxes  being  broken 

open,  and  I  conceived  (lie  idea  of  placing 

a  metal  flask  loaded  with  red  pepper 
in  the  box  and  attaching  a  chain  so  that 
in  case  the  box  was  broken  open  ami 
cover  lifted,  contents  would  fly  up  in  the 
thief's    face. 

Just  at  present  I  am  in  correspondence 
with  one  of  the  clock  companies  in  ref- 
erence to  an  alarm. 

There  are  many  ways  in  which  a  car- 
penter can  devise  schemes  to  protect  his 
tool  box  from  bein^  broken  open.  When 
it  is  generally  understood  that  boxes  are 
protected  in  a  manner  known  only  to 
their  owners  the  art  of  breaking  open 
boxes  will  become  a  lost  one. 

WM.   J.    KELLY. 
4  Magnolia  Ave.  Jersey  City.  N.  J. 


An  Expression  From  Rome 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

Employers  don't  care  whether  they 
employ  union  or  non-union  men,  as  long 
as  they  get  them  cheap  enough.  There 
is  always  more  building  going  on  with 
us  when  wages  are  high,  profits  large 
and  workers  scarce,  than  when  wages 
are  low,  materials  cheap,  and  labor 
plentiful.  The  only  way  I  see  to  bring 
such  a  condition  and  make  it  permanent 
is  to  tax  land  values  only,  by  abolishing 
all  other  taxes.  Such  a  tax,  if  high 
enough  to  secure  enough  revenue,  would 
prevent  land  from  being  held  out  of  use, 
and  labor  could  more  readily  secure  land 
at  a  nominal  price  or  for  nothing  at  all. 

This  would  relieve  the  labor  market 
and  these  men  using  land  would  produce 
without,  having  to  pay  profits  to  others 
and  this  would  cause  a  demand  for  other 
products,  and  eventually  all  laborers 
would  be  as  well  off  as  if  they  worked 
for  themselves.     ' 

Labor  unions  should  study  this,  for 
there  is  absolutely  no  other  remedy  and 
labor  unions  can  only  take  intelligent  in- 
itiative when  they  realize  this  and  insist 
on  it.  It  is  up  to  us  to  be  superior  to 
our  employers,  intellectually,  for  unless 
we  are.  we  founder.  Desiring  that  you 
p  iblish  this  as  an  expression  of  the 
views  of  many  members  of  L.  U.  No. 
1977,  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A.,  Rome,  Ga. 
Yours  faithfully, 

T.   COLEGATE,   R.    S. 
103  Myrtle  St-  Rome,  Ga, 


How  to  Read  Blue- 
prints and  Plans. 


What  You  Should 
Know  About  Arch- 
itectural Drawing. 


How  to  Use  lj 
Steel  Square  !i| 
cessfully. 


What  You 
Should  Know 
About  Sheet 
Metal  Work. 


How  to  Be  a 

Successful 
Building  Su- 
perintendent. 


What  You 
Should  Know 
About  Heat- 
ing and  Ven- 
tilating. 


A  Thousand  Thing 

EVERY  day  in  your  work  you  get  up-against  new  proble  J 
sometimes  it  is  only  some  old  'sticker'  coming  in  a  newfl 
Just  the  same  though  it  takes  a  lot  of  time  to  figure  theioi 
Don't  do  it.  Here's  everything  worked  out  for  you.  Every  -ol 
lem  big  or  little  that  you  will  meet  in  a  day's  work.  Hundmi 
new  ideas  and  better  ways  of  doing  things.  Hundreds  of  wa;  fi 
other  fellows  are  making  money.  Hundreds  of  ways  you  can  a) 
more  out  of  the  same  work  you  are  doing  now. 

Cyclopedia  of 

Carpentry  a 
Contractin 

Five  great  big  volumes  bound  in  genuine  American  Morocco  with  2131ft 
and  more  than  1000  blueprints,  plans,  pictures  and  diagrams.     It  is  tli|i 
est,  most  complete,  most  practical  work  of  its  kind  ever  published.     1W 
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34 


T  II  E     C  A  11  P  E  N  T  E  R 


Without  Co-operation   We  Stand   Alone 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

Co-operation  is  a  long  felt  need  in 
unionism,  but  it  is  not  adhered  to  by 
every  union  man.  It  is  our  desire  to 
call  to  every  man's  attention  the  benefit 
that  would  be  derived  from  co-operation 
and  how  it  can  be  applied. 

We  have  the  power  to  create  demand 
for  union-made  goods,  by  -purchasing 
only  such  goods  as  are  of  union  make 
and  bear  the  union  stamp. 

It  is  probably  a  daily  occurrence  with 
a  large  number  of  unionists  to  overlook, 
or  possible  forget,  to  inquire  as  to 
whether  their  daily  purchases  are  of 
union  make. 

If  each  and  every  one  of  us  would 
atop  to  appreciate  the  assistance  we 
would  be  rendering  our  own  cause  by 
purchasing  only  union  made  goods,  we 
could  readily  see  the  result  and  effect  it 
would  have  on  non-union  made  goods. 

It  is  in  union-made  products  that  we 
are  most  interested  and  it  should  there- 
fore receive  our  first  consideration  when 
purchasing. 

The  Cigar  Box  Makers'  Local  Union 
No.  2103  of  Chicago,  111.,  U.  B.  of  C.  & 
J.  of  A.,  have  long  impressed  this  upon 
its  members,  with  100  per  cent  success, 
and  therefore  urge  every  union  man 
when  purchasing  his  cigar  to  ascertain 
whether  it  bears  the  Union  Label  of  the 
Brotherhood  on  the  cigar  box  and  to 
further  promote  the  sale  of  union-made 
cigars  and  cigar  boxes. 

Fraternally  yours, 
RICHARD   FEISTEL,   R.    S. 


Real   Brotherhood 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

I  am  enclosing  to  you  a  clipping  from 
the  Edmonton  Journal,  illustrating  to 
you  the  spirit  of  L.  U.  Nos.  1325  and 
2607. 

There  are  many  of  them  out  of  em- 
ployment, so  that  when  the  Home  Build- 
ers' Exposition  asked  the  carpenters  for 
a  donation,  they  offered  to  build  their 
bungalows  for  them  at  the  rate  of  85c 
and  to  donate  40  per  cent,  which  was 
accepted.  The  men  registering  got  three 
days  each. 

Everything  worked  out  satisfactory 
and  to  the  credit  of  the  members  and 
the  Locals. 

Yours  fraternally, 

JOHN  LIDSTONE. 
L.  U.  No.  1325.       Edmonton,  Alta.,  Can. 


"Happening  over  atl  the  Home   Bui 
ing  Exposition  at  the  noon  hour,  I 
one    of    the    carpenter:*    packing    up    1 
tools,  and  he  remarket],  'I  have  done  n 
bit,  now  I  will  let  the!  other  fellow  hav 
a  show.' 

"I  noticed  that  the  same  men  hav 
not  been  on  the  job  on  the  different  o(j 
casions  I  have  been  I  around,  and  froi 
the  remarks  passed  I  came  to  the  coi 
elusion  that  the  carpenters  are  sharin 
up  the  work  among  them.  I  thought  a 
the  time  that  if  the  originator  of  th 
idea  had  been  present  and  heard  the  re 
marks  it  would  have  done  his  heart  goo< 
Ministers  of  the.  Gosipel  who  have  bee 
bewailing  the  selfishness  that  exists  i 
the  world  would  do  well  to  come  an 
see  real  brotherhood  and  unselfishness. 

"The  minister  of  labor  states  tha 
there  are  200,000  men  idle  in  Canad 
and  also  that  this  state  of  affairs  shoul 
not  be  in  a  country  like  Canada, 
would  like  to  add  that  it  need  not  be  ii 
any  other  country,  either,  if  pcopl 
would  follow  the  example  of  the  carpe 
ters  of  this  city.  Though  I  am  not 
member  of  the  union  at  present,  I  believ 
that  if  the  union  shows  that  it  intend, 
to  carry  out  this  policy  on  other  wori 
there 'is  no  doubt  that  a  larger  nunib^ 
of  the  men  of  principles  and  good  trades 
men  who  are  outside  of  the  unions  a 
present  will  join,  as  a  great  many  hav 
been  under  the  impression  that  wher; 
there  was  work  a  few  of  the  friends  al 
ways  got  it. 

"There  should  also  be  a  proper  systen 
for  the  operation  of  the  idea  so  that  taerj 
would  be  no  misunderstanding.  I  wis! 
the  carpenters  the  best  of  success  if  thej 
are  trying  to  work  out  this  most  un! 
selfish  system.  For  all  must  live,  and: 
all  must  work." 


Short  and  To  the  Point 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

"We  saw  in  the  March  issue  of  "Tin 
Carpenter"  a  report  from  Ladies'  Aux 
iliary  No.  63,  and  would  like  to  send  f 
few  lines  in  regard  to  our  Union,  No.  6!) 
We  were  chartered  September  2,  1921 
with  a. membership  of  14  and  have  beeij 
reading  and  studying  unionism  evei 
since  and  stand  ready  to  assist  the  union 
in  every  way  at  any  time. 

We  have  a  delegate  to  the  Building 
Trades  Council  at  Vesaha  every  month. 
Our  meetings  are  on  the  first  and  third 
Friday  of  each  month.  March  31st  we 
held  an  old-fashioned  box  social  and  en- 


WEAR  The  UNIQUE  And  HANDY 

Reversible 


GO 


A  most  convenient,  and  ar- 
tistic fob.  Shows  Union  Label 
on  one  side  and  Emblem  on  the 
other,  both  beautifully  enam- 
eled in  correct  colors. 

Advertise  Our  Label 

Made  in  rich  art  grey  finish 
— the  latest  and  most  sought 
after  novelty  in  men's  wear. 


The  price 
is  but 


cents 
each 


In  accordance  with 

\%       the     action      of      our 

i<n  \  $     last   General   Conven- 

H  ffiM'         m      ^on    to    more    exten- 

^»«3**^  v^P^      sively     advertise     our 

0.  Union  Label  this 

^^S^f  beautiful     fob     is 

[ought  out  to  be  sold  at  a  popular  price,  thereby  enabling  us 

1  make  a  widespread  distribution. 

Send  all  orders  with  remittance  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  E.  Michigan  St., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 


36 


THE    CARPENTER 


tertainment,  which  was  thoroughly  en- 
joyed by  all  who  attended. 

We  are  doing  community  work  with 
the  money  from  our  social  fund.  Trust- 
ing to  hear  through  the  columns  of  your 
Journal  from  other  Ladies'  Auxiliaries, 
I  am, 

Fraternally  yours, 

Tulare,  Cal.  PEARL  GADD,   R.   S. 

• 

Discusses  Henry  Ford's  Activities 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

New  Kensington  L.  U.  No.  333  of  the 
U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A.,  in  one  of  their 
usual  interesting  meetings  were  favored 
by  several  of  the  brothers  discussing  the 
plan  of  Henry  Ford's  activities  regarding 
Muscle  Shoals.  Speakers  seemed  to  be 
of  one  opinion,  that  it  was  one  of  the 
greatest  economical  moves  of  the  day, 
full  of  wonderful  possibilities  to  the 
workers,  both  in  an  industrial  and  agri- 
cultural sense.  And  decided  to  use  their 
influence,  individually  and  collectively 
with  the  Congressman,  urging  their  sup- 
port of  Henry  Ford's  purchase  of  Muscle 
Shoals,  also  to  ask  the  Boards  of  Com- 
merce of  our  vicinity  to  join  us  in  our 
move. 

And  we  hope  other  Local  Unions  will 
lend  their  support  toward  the  same  end. 

We  are  trying  to  be  progressive  to 
advance  our  welfare  as  workers  in  all 
manner  and  ways  we  can. 

Yours  respectfully, 
BERT  POWELL,  Rec.   Sec. 
Springdale,  Pa. 


high,  weighs  12.0  pounds,  blue  eyes,  fair 
complexion  and  hair  black,  graying. 
Any   one   knowing   of   his   whereabouts, 


An  Inquiry 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

Will  some  of  your  mathematical  read- 
ers kindly  give  me  working  rules  show- 
ing: 

7.  How  to  find  the  most  economical 
form  of  box  or  tank  without  a  top  to 
contain  any  given  capacity,  say  200 
cu.  ft. 

2.  How  to  find  the  form  of  a  gutter 
made  of  three  10  in.  boards  (neglecting 
the  thickness),  to  give  its  greatest 
capacity. 

Yours  fraternally, 
L.  U.  No.  61.  WILL  JOHNSON. 


Information  Wanted 

Ira  H.  Sumner,  who  is  shown  in  the 
accompanying  cut,  disappeared  from  his 
home   March   27th.      He   is    5   ft.    8   in. 


kindly    communicate    with    Mrs. 
Sumner,  Pinckneyville,  111. 


I.    H. 


Charles  V.  Turley,  who  is  shown  in 
the  accompanying  photograph,  was  last 
heard  from  in  Denver,   Colo.,   some  two 


years  ago.  Any  one  knowing  of  his 
whereabouts  will  kindly  address  Daniel 
Turley,  2900  Stewart  St.,  McKees- 
port,  Pa. 


An  Irishman  was  gazing  in  the  win- 
dow of  an  Indiana  book  store  and  the 
following  sign  caught  his  eye: 
Dickens  Works 
All  This  Week  for 
Only  $4. 
"The  divil  he  does!"  exclaimed  Pat  in 
disgust.     "The  dirty  scab  !" 


Casual  Comment 


If  all  the  working  people  were  organ- 
ized, the  unions  could  wipe  out  the  open 
<hop  system  tomorrow.     Another  reason 

for  that  500,000. 

*  *      * 

The  need  of  the  moment  is  not  so 
nuch  for  the  formation  of  new  unions 
is  for  new  members  in  those  unions  al- 
ready formed. 

Under  the  contract  piecework  system 
he  railroad  slogan  "Safety  First"  is  a 
•all  to  the  traveler  to  use  any  other 
ivailable  means  of  transit  than  the  rail- 
oad  working  upon  that  basis. 

*  *      * 

The  relativity  of  labor,  both  mentally 
rid   physically,    permeates    every    atom 
nd  electron  of  the  social,  political  and 
iconomic  life  of  mankind. 

*  *      * 

The  public  has  had  a  sorry  experience 
trying  to  protect  itself  from  the  ex- 
ertion of  monopolies  and  with  every 
jrm  of  social  legislation.  Child  labor 
iws,  women's  protective  laws,  anti- 
ast  laws  and  labor  laws  have  fallen 
ider  the  blight  of  the  one  lone  indi- 
tdual  of  the  court  who  makes  up  a  bare 
■ajority. 

*  *      * 

We  wonder  what  the  press  agents  of 
le    wage-reducing    class     mean    when 

jiey  harp  on  falling  living  costs.  Of- 
nal  figures  do  not  sustain  their  state- 
ments as   the  latest  bulletin   issued  by 

|te  Government  shows  a  total  increase 
living  costs  from  December,  1914,  to 
3cember,  1921. 

*  *      * 

Attorney  General  Dougherty  has  again 

ad  the  riot   act   against   greedy   retail 

lerchants,    but    his    warning    has    evi- 

ntly  not  been  heard  by  the  profit-ears. 

*  *      * 

Keeping  the  home  fires  burning  is  not 
easy  to  do  as  it  once  was,  thanks  to 
fe  coal  profiteers,  who  doesn't  seem  to 
ow  that  the  war  is  over. 


President  Harding  and  his  associates 
the  conference  are  to  be  congratulated 
'  the  substantial  achievements  ac- 
nplished  at  the  conference.  But  con- 
ciliations should  not  provide  any  ex- 
se  for  complacency. 


We  wonder  what  the  "Citizens'  Com- 
mittee" of  Chicago  had  to  do  with  Judge 
Landis'  resignation? 

*  He         * 

We  are  indebted  to  Federal  Judge 
Learned  Hand  of  New  York  for  the  judg- 
ment that  there  "is  no  such  thing  as 
natural  rights."  If  recent  decisions  of 
judges  are  to  be  taken  at  face  value, 
there  are  no  other  rights  —  natural  or 
otherwise — that  the  judiciary  is  bound 
to  respect. 

*  *      * 

We  wonder  why  it  is  called  the  "agri- 
cultural" bloc  when  from  what  we  learn 
it  is  composed  of  14  lawyers,  1  farmer, 
2  live  stock  industry,  1  insurance,  1 
writer,  1  agricultural  college  President, 
1  well  driller  and  1  editor? 

If  you  believe  the  dangers  of  indus- 
trial bondage  are  remote,  it  may  interest 
you  to  learn  that  recommendations  re- 
quiring the  incorporation  of  labor  or- 
ganizations have  been  submitted  to  the 
United  States  Senate  by  Senators  Phipps 
of  Colorado,  Warren  of  Wyoming  and 
Sterling  of  South  Dakota. 

Senator  LaFollette  addressing  the 
Senate  recently  said:  "The  American 
worker  is  today  receiving  less  wages 
than  before  the  war.  Instead  of  being 
a  profiteer  he  is  gradually  being  forced 
into  a  condition  of  abject  poverty 
through  conspiracy  of  large  employers 
and  the  National  Government."  We  note 
the  daily  press  failed  to  print  the  Sen- 
ator's speech. 

tjf  iji  if; 

"There  is  no  shortage  of  lumber,  but 
prices  will  not  be  reduced,"  said  J.  H. 
Burton,  President  of  the  American 
Wholesale  Lumber  Association.  This 
prediction  is  made  at  a  time  when  wages 
in  the  lumber  industry  have  been  slashed 
below  pre-war  rates,  and  hours  have 
been  lengthened. 

*  >i<      * 

We  read  and  hear  a  great  deal  about 
the  "public."  The  question  is  who  are 
the  public?  After  you  eliminate  those 
who  labor  and  those  who  employ  labor, 
there  "ain't  no  such  animals"  as  the 
public,  except  perhaps  a  few  people  in 
the  old  ladies'  home  or  other  institutions. 


TradQ  NotQs 


L.  U.  No.  1023,  Alliance,  O.,  have 
signed  an  agreement  with  the  contrac- 
tors for  a  wage  scale  of  85c  per  hour. 

*  *      * 

L.  U.  No.  1S29,  Ravenna,  O.,  advises 
that  they  have  signed  up  for  the  coming 
year  with  a  scale  of  75c  an  hour,  8-hour 
day  and  48-hour  week,  no  trouble  what- 
ever, and  all  signed  up  for  a  closed  shop. 

*  *      * 

Carpenters'  District  Council  of  of 
Indianapolis,  Ind.,  reports  that  agree- 
ment has  been  reached  with  Contractors' 
Association  as  to  wages  and  practically 
all  working  conditions.  Present  wages, 
92  y2c  per  hour,  and  working  conditions 

to  continue. 

*  *      * 

District  Council  of  Pottsville,  Pa.,  ad- 
vises they  have  renewed  their  agreement 
for  another  year  with  the  builders  with 
the  same  wages,  80c  an  hour,  and  44- 
hour  week  and   all  other   conditions  as 

before. 

*  *      * 

L.  U.  No.  314  of  Madison,  Wis.,  ad- 
vises that  they  have  signed  an  agree- 
ment with  the  local  Contractors'  Asso- 
ciation and  will  receive  the  same  scale 
of  wages  for  the  coming  year,  of  90c 
an  hour,  as  heretofore. 

*  *      * 

After  serving  21  years  as  President  of 
the  California  State  Building  Trades 
Council,  P.  H.  McCarthy  declined  a  re- 
nomination  at  the  Annual  Convention 
and  was  succeeded  by  First  Vice-Presi- 
dent MacDonald.  By  unanimous  vote 
the  Convention  elected  McCarthy  Past 
General  Adviser. 

*  *      * 
Secretary-Treasurer      Tveitmoe      who 

also  served  for  21  years,  retired  because 
of  ill  health.  The  Convention  agreed  to 
plans  for  a  state- wide  organization  cam- 
paign and  an  aggressive  fight  against 
the  anti-union   "American"   shop. 

YTe  have  just  been  advised  by  L.  U. 
No.  1753,  Lockport,  111.,  that  the  car- 
penters of  that  district  have  at  last  won 
a  hard  fought  battle  and  have  signed 
an  agreement  with  the  Contractors'  As- 


sociation after  having  been  locked  out 
for  over  a  year.  The  agreement  is  for 
closed  shop  and  $1  an  hour. 


Foreign  Trade  Notes 
Engineering  and  carpentry  will  be 
taught  the  natives  of  New  Guinea  soon. 
The  New  Guinea  Central  Labor  Adminis- 
tration plans  to  equip  the  islands  with 
skilled  native  labor  and  eventually  hopes 

to  train  natives  in  every  trade. 

*  *      * 

Through  the  British  Council  General 
the  Seamen's  Union  has  submitted  a  re- 
vised scale  of  wages  as  a  preliminary  to 
the  settlement  of  the  Hong  Kong  strike. 

*  *      * 

The  average  German  workers  among 
the  better  paid  classes,  are  actually 
earning  less  than  Chinese  coolies,  hith- 
erto considered  the  lowest  paid  workers 

in  the  world. 

*  *      * 

A  general  strike  has  been  proclaimed 
in  Italy  in  all  the  ports  of  the  Kingdom 
as  an  act  of  solidarity  to  support  work- 
ers at  Naples.  The  strike  at  Naples  was 
precipitated  by  the  refusal  of  workers 
to  allow  non-union  members  to  be  em- 
ployed on  the  docks. 

*  *      * 

Labor  unions  embracing  every  class  of 
workers    in    Argentina    have    just    been 
unified  under  a  federation  known  as  the 
Argentine   Regional    Labor   Union. 
_*      *      * 

A  lockout  in  Denmark  which  was  de- 
clared recently  affects  members  of  nearly 
all  industries,  including  the  harbor  work- 
ers in  most  of  the  ports,  but  not  the 
seamen,  affecting  about  150,000  em- 
ployes. 

The  Swiss  natioinal  council,  after  a 
long  and  violent  debate,  adopted  a  bill 
providing  that  fomenters  of  revolution 
or  of  general  strikes  henceforth  shall  be 
punished  with  hnprisomnent. 

*  *      * 

In  the  Scandinavian  countries  women 
are  invading  every  field  of  human  en- 
deavor, including  dentistry  and  civil  en- 
gineering. They  are  also  establishing 
then-  own  newspapers,  and  entering  pul- 
pits for  which  men  can  not  be  obtained. 


Craft  ProblQms 


How  To  Frame  a  Gambrel   Roof 

(Reprint  From  A  Practical  Course  In  Roof  Framinj 
Published  By  F.  J.  Drake  &  Co.) 

(By  R.  M.  Van  Gaasbeek.) 

(Concluded) 


To  Lay  Out  Valley  Rafters. — Valley 
rafters  of  an  equal  pitch  roof  cross  the 
plate  at  an  angle  of  45  degrees  or  the 
diagonal  of  a  square,  therefore,  the  unit 
to  use  in  laying  out  the  valley  is  the 
diagonal  of  12  in.  and  12  in.,  this  being 
the  constant  unit  used  in  laying  out  the 
common  and  jack  rafters,  or  17  in.  The 
rise  remains  the  same  as  for  the  com- 
mon rafters  20%  in.  Set  the  fence  and 
square  at  20%  in.  rise  on  the  blade  and 
17  in.  run  on  the  tongue,  or  for  conveni- 
ence these  figures  can  be  divided  by  2, 
or  10%  in.  rise  on  the  blade  and  2%  in. 
rise  on  the  tongue.  Mark  on  the  blade 
for  all  plumb  cuts  and  on  the  tongue  for 
all  level  cuts.  Take  the  run  from  the 
layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring  on  the  center 
line  of  the  valley  from  the  facia  line  to 
where  it  intersects  the  corner  of  the  in- 
6% 

ner  wall  line,  or  .     Press  the  fence 

12, 
firmly  against  the  top  edge  of  the  stock 
to  be  used  for  the  valley  and  produce 
the  facia  line  or  the  first  plumb  line  to 
the  extreme  left,  A,  Fig.  6.  Slide  the 
square  to  the  right,  and  measure  in  on 
a  elvel  line  from  the  facia  line  the  run 
6% 

of  the  valley and  produce  the  plumb 

12 
cut  against  the  upper  plate,  giving  the 
extreme  length  of  the  lower  valley  raf- 
ter. No  deductions  are  to  be  made  from 
this  length,  but  the  corners  must  be 
>eveled  to  fit  into  the  corner  formed  by 
he  intersection  of  the  return  and  main 
Hates.  To  lay  out  the  top  cuts  so  that 
he  valley  will  fit  into  the  corner,  square 
ine  Y  across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter 
iiul  locate  the  center  point.  From  plumb 
ine  Y,  measure  forward  on  a  level  line 
i  distance  equal  to  one-half  the  thick- 
tess  of  the  stock  used  for  the  valley  or 
\  iu.   (the  thickness  of  stock  specified 


being  %  in.)  and  produce  plumb  line  5. 
Square  this  line  across  the  top  edge  of 
the  raf  ;er  and  connect  the  outside  points 
with  the  center  as  shown  at  G,  top  view, 
Fig.  6. 

This  top  cut  can  also  be  laid  out  with 
the  steel  square  by  using  13  %  in.  (one- 
half  the  bridge  measure  of  the  run  17  in. 
and  the  rise  20%  in.)  on  the  blade  and 
8%  in.,  (one-half  the  unit  for  the  run 
17  in.)  on  the  tongue.  Mark  on  the 
blade  for  the  top  cut.  To  complete  the 
layout  of  the  lower  end  of  the  rafter 
square  facia  line  A  across  the  top  edge 
of  the  rafter  and  locate  the  center  point. 
To  make  the  return  on  the  facia  line, 
measure  back  on  a  level  line  from  facia 
line  A,  a  distance  equal  to  one-half  the 
thickness  of  the  stock  used,  %  in.,  and 
produce  plumb  line  3,  Fig.  6,  on  the  side 
of  the  rafter.  Connect  plumb  line  3 
through  the  center  point  on  the  top  edge, 
as  shown  in  the  top  view.  This  top 
cut  being  the  same  cut  as  that  previously 
described  for  laying  out  the  top  end. 
The  valley  crosses  the  projection  at  an 
angle  of  45  degrees,  therefore,  the  dis- 
tance to  be  measured  in  locating  the  wall 
line  is  the  diagonal  of  1%    in.  and  1% 

2% 
in.,  the  width  of  the  projection,  or  . 

12 
To  lay  out  the  birdsmouth,   measure   in 

2i/, 

on   a  level  line  from   facia   line  A,   

12 
the  diagonal  of  the  projection  and  pro- 
duce wall  line  B.  Measure  down  on 
facia  line  A  from  the  top  edge  of  the 
rafter,  %  in.,  the  width  of  the  facia  and 
produce  plancher  level  F.  Measure  up 
from  plancher  F,  on  a  plumb  line  2% 
in.,  locating  plate  level  G.  To  make  a 
lit  against  the  side  of  the  plate,  square 
wall  line  B  across  the  bottom  edge  of  the 
rafter     and     locate     the     center     point. 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


Measure  back  on  a  level  line  from  plumb 
line  B,  on  the  side  of  the  valley  a  dis- 
tance equal  to  one-half  the  thickness  of 
the  stock  used  for  the  valley  or   %   in. 


plumb  line  3,  on  bevel  4  for  the  facia, 
on  line  F  for  the  plancher  level,  on  line 
G  make  a  square  cut  and  on  plumb  line 
1,  on  bevel  2,  cut  for  the  birdsmouth  and 


End  Vieivv 

6 — Developed  length  of  lower  valley  rafter  B. 

and  produce  plumb  line  1.     Square  this  on  bevels  6  on  plumb  line  5  for  the  fi 

line  across  the  bottom  edge  and  connect  against  the  walls.     Cut  two  valleys  tli 

through  the  center  point  as  shown  at  2,  same  length  in  pairs, 
on    the   bottom   view,    Fig.    6.      Cut   on  To  Lay  Out  Upper  Common  Rafter; 


THE    CARPENTER 


41 


— Before  setting  the  square,  the  rise  in 
inches  per  foot  must  be  determined.  The 
run  12  in.,  a  constant  unit,  remains  un- 
changed. The  run  of  common  rafter  No. 
1,  measured  on  the  layout.  Fig.  1,  meas- 
uring from  the  inner  plate  or  upper  wall 
line  to  the  center  of  the  ridge  is  7%  in. 
(see  development.  Fig.  2).  The  total 
height  from  the  top  of  the  plate  to  the 
top  of  the  ridge  is  4^4  in.  Thus  with  a 
total  rise  of  4%  in-  and  a  total  run  of 
7*4  in.,  find  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot. 
Rise        12 


Run 

1 

4V4 
7% 

12 
x  —  equals  7  in. 
1 

rise 

in 

inches 

per 

Solution 

12 
4% 

3 

48 

51 


29  4 

51  divided  by  —  equals  51  times  — 
4  29 

equals  7  in. 

51 
4 

29)204(7  in. 
203 


Set  the  fence  and  square  at  7  in. 
rise  on  the  tongue  and  12  in.  run  on  the 
blade.  Mark  on  the  tongue  for  all  plumb 
cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all  level  cuts. 

Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the  top 
?dge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  for  the 
valley  rafter  and  produce  the  wall  line 
>r  first  plumb  line  to  the  extreme  left, 
A  Fig.  7.  Slide  the  square  to  the  right, 
ind  measure  on  a  level  line  from  the 
>vall  line  A,  the  run  of  the  valley,  7%. 
in.  and  produce  line  T.  the  extreme 
ength  to  the  center  of  the  ridge.  From 
his  length  deduct  one-half  the  thick- 
H'ss  3-16  in.  (the  thickness  of  stock 
;pecified  being  %  in. )  of  the  ridge  and 
iroduce  plumb  line  D.  Fig.  7.  the  cutting 
ength  of  the  rafter  against  the  ridge. 
To  form  the  notch  over  the  upper  plate. 


measure  in  on  a  level  line  from  plumb 
line  A,  the  width  of  the  upper  plate,  % 
in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  B.  From 
where  plurnb  line  A  intersects  the  top 
edge  of  the  valley,  produce  a  level  line 
until  it  meets  plumb  line  B,  as  at  G. 
Cut  on  lines  G  and  B  for  the  notch  over 
the  upper  plate  and  on  line  D  for  the  cut 
against  the  ridso. 

To  Lay  Out  Upper  Jack  Rafters. — The 
length  of  jack  rafter  Nos.  2,  3*and  4  are 
determined  in  the  same  manner  as  the 
preceding  common  rafter  No.  1,  as  they 
are  a  part  of  the  length  of  it.  Take  the 
runs  from  the  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring 
from  the  center  of  the  valley  rafter  to 
the  center  of  the  ridge.     The  three  raf- 


End  View 

7 — Developed  length  of  upper  com- 
mon raftpr  No.  1. 

ters  are  shown  developed  on  the  side  of 
a  single  rafter,  Fig.  8.  In  practice  these 
would  be  laid  out  separately  and  are 
laid  out  over  one  another  to  save  space 
and  to  avoid  repetition.  Press  the  fence 
firmly  against  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter 
stock,  using  the  same  figures  on  the 
square  as  before  and  produce  the  firm 
plumb  line  to  the  extreme  right.  T,  Fig. 
8,  working  from  the  ridge  end  of  the 
rafter  instead  of  from  the  facia  line. 
Slide  the  square  to  the  left  and  measure 
on  a  level  line,  from  the  ridge  line,  T, 
the  run  of  rafter  No.  2.  6  in.,  the  run 
of  rafter  No.  3,  4  in.,  and  the  run  of 
rafter  No.  4.  2  in.,  and  produce  plumb 
line  C,  giving  the  extreme  length  of  the 
upper  jack  rafters.  From  the  ridge  end 
of  the  rafter  measure  forward  on  a  level 
line  one-half  the  thickness  of  the  ridge, 
3-16  in.,  from  plumb  line  T  and  produce 
plumb  line  D,  the  cutting  length  of  the 
jacks. 

The  lower  end  of  the  rafters  are  bev- 
eled to  make  a  fit  against  the  side  of  the 
valley  rafter.  From  the  extreme  length 
obtained  with  the  fence  and  square, 
which  is  to  the  center  line  of  the  valley 


42 


THE     CARPENTER 


rafter,  must  be  deducted  one-half  the 
thickness  of  the  valley  measured  on  rhe 
line  of  the  jack  rafters,  or  one-half  the 
diagonal  thickness  of  the  valley  which  is 
y2  in.  full.  Measure  back  on  a  level  line 
from  plumb  line  C.  Fig.  8.  this  diagonal 
thickness.  %  in.  full,  and  produce  an- 
other plumb  line  as  at  D.  Square  this 
line  across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  and 
locate  th*e  center.  To  lay  out  the  top 
cut    so    that    the    jack    rafters    will    fit 


ters.  the  constant  unit  for  the  run 
changes  to  17  in.,  the  diagonal  of  12  in. 
and  12  in.  Set  the  fence  and  square  at 
7  in.  rise  on  the  tongue  and  17  in.  run 
on  the  blade.  Mark  on  the  tongue  for 
all  plumb  cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all 
level  cuts.  Take  the  run  from  the  lay- 
out. Fig.  1.  measuring  on  the  center  lire 
of  the  valley  rafter  from  the  upper  wall 
line  to  the  ridge,  or  10*4  in.  Press  the 
fence  firmly  against  the  top  edge  of  the 


FIG.  8 


End  View 


8 — Developed  length  of  upper  jack  rafters  Nos.  2.  3  and  4. 


against  the  side  of  the  valley  rafter  at 
the  proper  angle,  measure  forward  on  a 
level  line  from  plumb  line  D.  a  distance 
equal  to  one-half  the  thickness  of  the 
stock  used  for  the  jack  rafter.  3-16  in.. 
and  produce  plumb  line  1. 

Connect  plumb  line  1  through  plumb 
line  D.  on  the  center  line  as  shown  at 
2,  top  view.  Fig.  >.  This  top  cut  can  al-o 
be  laid  out  with  the  steel  square  by 
using  the  length.  13  7S  in.  (bridge  meas- 
ure of  the  run.  12  in.  and  the  rise  7  in.  I 
on  the  blade  and  the  run.  12  in.,  on  the 
tongue.  Mark  on  the  blade  for  the  top 
cut.  Cut  on  plumb  line  1.  on  bevel  2. 
for  the  cheek  and  side  cut  against  the 
valley  and  on  line  D  for  the  cut  against 
the  ridge. 

To  Lay  Out  Upper  Valley  Rafter.- — 
The  rise  of  the  valley  7  in.  remains  the 
same  as  for  the  common  and  jack  raf- 


stoek  to  be  used  for  the  valley  and  pro 
duce  a  plumb  line  A.  at  the  extreme  left. 
Fig.  9. 

Slide  the  square  to  the  right  and 
measure  in  on  a  level  line  from  plumb 
line  A.  the  run  of  the  valley  10  Vi  ia- 
and  produce  plumb  line  T.  giving  the 
estreme  length  of  the  upper  valley  toj 
the  center  of  the  ridge.  It  will  be  better} 
construction  to  butt  ridge  D  againstj 
ridge  C  and  fit  the  valley  into  the  corner 
formed  by  the  intersection  of  the  twoj 
ridges.  To  determine  the  cutting  length- 
of  the  valley  deduct  from  the  upper  en 
of  the  rafter  one-half  the  thickness  o. 
the  ridge  measured  on  the  line  of  th< 
valley  or  one-half  the  diagonal  thick 
ness  of  the  ridge.  ^4  in. 

Measure  forward  on  a  level  line  fro' 
plumb  line  T.  Fig.  9,   %  in.  and  produce 
plumb  line  D.     Square  line  D  across  the 


THE     CARPENTER 


4.°> 


)p   edge    of   the   rafter   and   locate    the      ridges,  measure  forward  on  a  level  line, 
jnter  point.     To  lay  out  the  top  cut  so      a   distance  equal   to  one-half  the   thick- 


nd  View 

9 — Developed  length  of  upper  valley  rafters  A. 
iat  the  valley   will   fit   into   the   angle      ness  of  the  stock  used  for  the  valley,  % 
rmed  by   the  intersection   of  the  two      in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  1.      Square 


10 — Elevation  of  gambrel  roof  showing  how  the  rafters  are  assembled. 


44 


THE     CARPENTER 


A  NEW  BOOK 

■•OX  THE  SQUARE"  and  COMPASSES 
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Carpenter  how  Carpenters  can  use  them 
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and  Largest  work  OX  THE   SQUARE. 


Dwight  L.   Stoddard 


Route  D.   Eos 


Indianapolis,  Ind. 


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This  material  is  as  essential  to  comfort  and  economy 
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Benjamin  Franklin  said:  "He  that 
murders  a  pound  ($5)  destroys  all  that 
it  might  hare  produced,  even  scores  of 
pounds."     Buy  W.  S.  S. 


this  line  across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter 
and  connect  the  outside  points  with  the 
center  as  shown  at  2,  top  view.  Fig.  9. 
This  top  cut  can  also  be  laid  out  with 
the  steel  square  by  using  9%  in.  (one- 
half  the  bridge  measure  of  the  run  17  in. 
and  the  rise  7  in.)  on  the  blade  and  8y2 
in.  on  the  tongue.  Mark  on  the  blade 
for  the  top  cut.  To  complete  the  layout 
of  the  lower  end  of  the  valley  produce 
a  level  line  G.  from  the  intersection  of 
the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  and  plumb 
line  A,  locating  the  plate  level.  Cut 
on  line  G  for  the  plate  level,  on  plumb 
line  1  and  top  cut  2  for  the  ridge  cut. 

To  Lay  Out  the  Eidges. — The  run  of 
the  ridges  is  taken  from  the  layout.  Fig. 
1.  For  ridge  C,  measure  the  extreme 
length  of  the  roof  from  wall  to  wall,  or 
2  ft.  8  in.  For  ridge  D.  measure  from 
the  center  of  ridge  C  to  the  facia  line,  or 
11%  in.  From  this  length  deduct  one- 
half  the  thickness  of  ridge  C,  or  3-16  in., 
making  the  net  length  of  ridge  D, 
11  5-16  in. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevation,  Fig. 
10.  Set  up  ridges  C  and  D  first,  secur- 
ing them  in  place  with  the  common  raf- 
ters. Fasten  the  valleys  in  next,  keeping 
the  center  lines  in  alinement  from  the 
facia  line  to  the  ridges,  fastening  the 
jack  rafters  in  last. 

Runs  and  Lengths  of  Rafters. — The 
following  table  is  prepared  to  assist  the 
student  in  cheeking  up  his  work.  It  is 
intended  that  the  framer  will  take  his 
runs  from  the  layout  and  develop  the 
lengths  with  the  steel  square  and  fence, 
using  the  table  only  as  a  matter  of  in- 
formation and  assurance  given  that  he 
has  taken  the  proper  run  and  determined 
the  correct  length  of  the  rafters.  The 
measurements  listed  in  the  table  are  ex- 
treme lengths  on  the  center  lines.  Make 
allowances  where  rafters  intersect  a 
ridge  or  valley  or  hip  rafter  for  the  cut- 
ting lengths.  It  is  suggested  that  the 
student  make  a  model  of  the  roof  for 
practice,  building  it  on  the  same  scale 
as  the  layout  1  in.  to  the  foot.  In  using 
the   table  read  feet  as   inches,   for  ex- 

3 

ample,  rafter  1,  the  run  would  read  7 — 

12 

4% 

and  the  length  8 .     The  square  being 

12 


THE     CARPENTER 


45 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  both  inside  and  outside  measurements 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
once  and  you  will  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 
841C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


id  out  in  twelfths  of  an  inch,  it  is  an 
tsy  matter  to  cheek  up  the  work  ac- 
lrately. 


I  could  hear  Joe  thundering  away  and 
imagined  I  could  see  his  lightning,  I 
knew  he  was  worried,  but  I  was  too  busy 
with  my  work  to  bother  with  him,  so 
I  worked  on,  but  finally  Joe  says, 
"Dwight,  come  here,  I  will  admit  I  am 
all  balled  up."  Now,  I  mention  all  this 
to  show  how  there  are  times  when  the 
very  best  mechanics  have  so  much  on 
their  minds  they  get  all  mixed  up,  es- 
pecially if  they  try  to  do  a  lot  of  figuring 
on  a  dark,  dreary  day.  I  said,  "Joe, 
Avhat  is  it?"  He  says,  "there  are  12 
treads  from  the  landing,"  so  I  put  my 
square  on  12  and  "they  are  8%  inches," 
so  I  put  my  other  edge  of  my  square  on 
8%  as  you  will  see,  he  asked  "how  far 
it  would  be  to  the  header"  I  said  8  ft. 
and  9  in.,  don't  you  see  it  there  on  the 


RUNS  AND  LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS  USED  IN  FRAMING  GAMBREL  ROOF 


c'o.  of 
afters 


Quantity  of 
Rafters 


Runs 


Lengths 


Name  of  Rafters 


B 
C 
1) 


38 
2  pair 
2  pair 
2  pair 
1  pair 

23 

1  pair 

2  pair 
2  pair 
1   pair 

1 
1 


6'  0" 

4'  0" 

2'  0" 

10'  3" 

4'  3" 

4'  3" 

2'  9" 

0'  9" 

6'  oy8" 

2'  8" 

0'  11  y2' 


8' 

4%" 

6' 

H%" 

4' 

7%" 

2' 

3%" 

11' 

W 

8' 

5" 

8' 

5" 

5' 

5%" 

1' 

5%" 

9' 

5y8" 

2' 

8" 

0' 

11%" 

Upper  Common  Rafter 

Upper  Jack  Rafter 

Upper  Jack  Rafter 

Upper  Jack  Rafter 

Upper  Valley  Rafter 

Lower  Common  Rafters 

Lower  Jack  Rafters 

Lower  Jack  Rafters 

Lower  Jack  Rafters 

Lower  Valley  Rafters 

Ridge 

Ridge 


Every  Day  Use  of  the  Steel  Square 

(By  Dwight  L.  Stoddard.) 
1 1  have  written  so  much  on  the  subject 
lad  fully  intended  to  give  the  members 
rest,  but  after  reading  Brother  Row- 
id  Hill's  article  in  the  September  issue 
deli  I  consider  one  of  the  most  timely 
or  written,  especially  when  he  said 
quare  root — forget  it." 
I  was  helping  Brother  Joe  Mock  build 
i  home  the  other  day,  now  Joe  and  I 
ve  been  together  for  about  a  third  of  a 
dury.  I  know  him  not  only  as  a  fine 
low,  but  an  exceptionally  fine  me- 
anic,  he  is  an  expert  with  the  steel 
lare  on  roof  framing,  but  in  putting 
Y  stairs  up  in  the  attic  I  talked  him  out 
1  a  winder  and  then  his  wife  talked  him 
^0  another  change.  It  was  rainy  and 
J  agreeable  weather,  he  had  many  other 
Wgs  on  his  mind  that  was  worrying 
|o  and  while  it  was  threatening  thun- 
(!'.  lightning  and  rain,  I  kept  busy  put- 
|g  on  siding  to  get  as  much  on  as 
I  isible    before    the    shower    came    up. 


square?  I  trust  all  the  readers  can,  for 
it  surely  is  as  plain  as  print,  much  plain- 
er than  lead  pencil. 

He  said  it  only  lacked  about  an  eighth 
of  an  inch  of  being  9  ft.  3  in.  high. 
When  he  saw  me  put  my  square  down 
with  the  twelfth  side  up  he  said  2-12, 
and  there  were  14  risers,  so  when  I  had 
my  square  at  the  height  and  number  I 
brought  it  back,  as  you  will  see,  to  1  ft., 
and  it  shows  the  risers  would  be  7  11-12. 
Joe,  a  far  belter  stair  builder  than  I,  had 
spent  an  hour  and  used  language  I  am 
not  going  to  put  in  print,  and  got  no- 
where, only  all  mixed  up,  but  my  old 
square,  as  usual,  instantly  told  the  truth 
so  plain  there  was  no  argument.  The 
day  cleared  and  the  sun  was  soon 
shining. 

Now'  when  he  goes  to  put  up  his  bal- 
isters  if  the  newels  are  8  ft.  apart  and  he 
wants  to  use  about  two  dozen  (or  two 
dozen  spaces,  you  will  note  there  is  al- 
ways one  more  space  than  balisters)  the 
old  square  will  show  you  that  as  24   is 


Are  You  Old  At  Forty? 

What  You  Know  About  the 
Glands  of  Your  Body 


Words  from  Grate- 
ful Patrons. 

A  very  grateful  patron  from 
New  York  writess 


"I  am  sure  that  any  one  who 
has  used  your  Electro  Thermal 
appliance  as  I  have  would  write 
you  a  similar  letter.  I  used  the 
appliance  45  minutes  dai.y  tor 
the  first  six  months,  then  about 
twice  a  week.  Of  course  I  im- 
proved so  rapidly  that  I  nearly 
forget  to  use  it  at  times,  often 
two  or  three,  weeks  and  at  one 
time  nearly  two  months  elapsed 
without  giving  it  a  thought.  I 
have  had  prostatic  trouble  for 
twelve  years.  You  may  use  this 
letter  any  way  you  see  fit  that 
will  benefit  those  who  have  pros- 
tatis  trouble." 

After  several  years  suffering  and 
an  operation  a  Chicago  patron 
says  our  appliance  has  done  more 
than  all  other  treatments:  "I 
have .  been  using  your  Thermalaid 
appliance  for  several  weeks  and 
already  note  a  vast  improvement. 
I  suffered  several  years  with  pros- 
tatic trouble,  and  had  an  opera- 
tion some  time  ago,  but  your 
appliance  has  done  more  for  me 
in  the  short  time  that  I  have 
been  using  it  than  all  the  other 
treatments  I  have  undergone." 
We  have  the  original  of  these 
letters  and  many  more  in  our 
files.  Write  to  us  for  name  and 
address  of  above  or  many  other 
enthusiastic    patrons. 


Some  men  of  seventy  are  younger  in  ac- 
tivity than  other  men  of  forty.  A  com 
mon  cause,  is  PROSTATE  GLAND  DIS 
ORDER.  Men  whose  lives  have  been  the 
heartiest  and  most  vigorous  are  not  ex- 
empt from  the  attacks  of  this  disorder 
We  have  published  a  little  book  called 

Prostatology 

which  will  tell  you  much  you  wish  to  know  about  tf 
prostate  gland  and  its  functions — and  how  a  disord 
here  may  cause  sciatica,  backache,  painful  and  tenc 
feet,  disturbed  slumber  and  other  painful  disturbance 
It  will  tell  you  of  a  Thermalaid,   a  simple  means 
which  the  essential  of  a  new  hygienic  principle,  dor 
into  convenient  form  corrects  this  prostate  gland  cc 
dition  and  its  attendant  health  faults, — a  method  ths 
is  being  endorsed  by  prominent   Physicians,    Physic 
Culturists,  Chiropractors,  Osteopaths  and  other  leadir 
health  authorities.     The  book  will  be  sent  free,  withe 
obligation     upon     receipt     of     your     simple     reques 
Address 


MAIL  THE  COUPON  NOW 


The  Electro  Thermal  Company,  2807  Main  Street,  Steubenville,  Ohio. 

Please  send  me  without  cost  or  obligation  your  free  book,  "Prostatology. 

Name    

Address    

City  State 


THE     CARPENTER 


47 


o  8,  so  is  12  to  4,  or  in  other  words, 
paced  every  4  inches,  (not  4  between, 
»ut  from  center  to  center  or  edge  to  edge 
he  way  we  generally  get  it,  some  may 
ay,  "Well,  that  will  work  when  it  hap- 
icns  to  come  in  even  feet  that  way,  but 
hen  I  don't  want  to  get  them  on  the 
?vel,  I  want  to  measure  up  the  stair." 

0  I  will  say  my  stair  at  home,  meas- 
rlng  up  the  stair,  is  11  ft.  5  in.     I  have 

1  balisters,  22  spaces,  as  22  is  to  11-5 
lo  is  12  to  6%  distance  of  my  own. 

Note  by  the  illustration  as  we  space 
rom  further  edge  to  further  edge  it  is 
est  to  make  your  measurement  accord- 

|  lgly,  or  in  other  words,  measure  the 
ize   of  your   thickness    of   one   balister 

j  lore  than  the  exact  distance  between 
le  newels.  We  may  have  been  used 
>  figure  the  thickness  of  the  balister, 
:  make  the  spacing  come  out  a  different 

[ay,  but  to  me  that's  the  handiest  way 
have  ever  done  picket  fence,  siding, 
lingles,  and  hundreds  of  other  things 
indled  the  same  way. 


.jueaky  Floors  and  Doors;  Also  Creaky 
Stairs 

(By  Owen  B.  Maginnis.) 
This  is  what  a   creak  is,   namely    "a 
odification    of    crack."      "To    make    a 
irsh  grating  sound,  as  by  the  friction 

hard  substances." 

Now,  let  us  get  down  to  some  prac- 
?al  facts  as  to  what  causes  squeaky 
id  creaky  floors,  stairs,  etc.  Apart 
om  all  the  theory  as  to  their  setting 
id  laying  out,  which  is  lost  time,  if 
ey  be  not  afterwards  built  in  a  good, 
!und,  permanent  and  workmanlike 
aimer.  Now,  floors  are  not  properly 
id  nor  stairs  fixidly  and  thoroughly 
ilt  if  they  make  noises,  creak  or  bend 
len  walked  upon,  indicating  that  there 
some  deficiency,  either  in  the  material 

mechanical  workmanship,  so  let  us 
oceed  to  consider  what  these  may  per- 
ps  be. 

To  many  causes  squeakings  and 
takings  may  be  attributed,  first  of 
lich  might  be  the  introduction  of  un- 
isoned  timber  and  woodwork  into  the 
Instruction  of  buildings,  even  in  the 
rders  and  floor  beams,  because  if  these 

wet  or  full  of  sap  they  will  in  the 
j  >cess  of  seasoning,  when  covered, 
';  rp  and  shrink  in  the  direction  of,  or 
^■oss  in  their  width,  thus  forming  a 
^ice  between  the  under  sides  of  the 
"■  :>ring  boards  and  the  top  edges  of  the 
I  Mr  beams,   so   that   when   pressure   or 


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THE     CARPENTER 


weight,  such  as  a  person  walking  on  the 
upper  surface  is  placed  upon  one  or 
several  pieces,  they  will  subside  or  sink, 
and  spring  up  again,  and  in  doing  this 
the  longitudinal  joints  will  emit  a 
squeaky  or  creaking  sound,  which  is 
both  disagreeable  and  disturbing  to 
nerves,  especially  in  the  silence  of  the 
night,  when  persons  are  asleep  or  ill. 

In  many  single  thicknesses  these 
noises  are  often  audible  and  often  times 
too,  in  those  of  double  thickness  and 
should  not  be  if  the  floor  laying  was 
properly  done  so  that  seasoned  timber 
and  wood  are  the  first  essentials  to  pre- 
vent too  prevalent  defects  in  our  modern 
homes,  notably  of  the  smaller  variety, 
in  which  most  of  us  live. 

YTe  note  now  different  thickness  of 
boards,  especially  on  the  "heading"'  or 
"butt"  joints,  likewise  insufficient  or  im- 
perfect nailing,  many  carpenters  driving 
in  the  nails  with  too  flat  a  slope  so  that 
they  split  the  edges  and  do  not  go  into 
the  edges  of  the  beams  underneath. 
TVere  they  placed  at  an  angle  of  not 
more  than  45  degrees  they  would  hold 
each  board  securely  down  on  the  tongued 
edge  and  prevent  its  springing  down  and 
up  when  trodden  upon.  Again,  nails  are 
very  often  set  too  far  apart.  12  in.  should 
be  the  farthest  limit  for  secure  nailing 
and  less  spliting  should  be  done,  all  of 
which  is  caused  by  working  very  rapidly 
or  through  haste,  due  to  saving  time. 
Double  floors  ought  to  have  a  layer  of 
building  paper  between  each  thickness 
to  obviate  creaky  or  subsidence,  and  to 
level  up  joints,  and  all  heading  joints  be 
planed  level  and  smooth. 

As  to  stairs  which  creak,  what  shall 
we  say  of  this  bugbear  of  every  small 
householder  or  occupant,  and  where  are 
they  not?  How  could  any  novelist,  fic- 
tion writer  or  story  teller  indite  a  yarn 
without  them  for  none  can  complete  one 
without  mentioning  a  creaking  stair  step 
or  floor  board  betraying,  etc. 

In  stairs  we  might  state  that  the  wood 
itself  is  often  responsible  for  faults.  It 
protests  by  creaks  and  squeaks  against 
being  trod  on.  pressed  down  and 
weighted  because  it  is  out  of  shape,  by 
being  warped,  by  being  loose  through  not 
being  fastened  and  nailed  or  in  bending 
clown  by  not  having  sufficient  support 
from  below  or  under  its  bottom  side  in 
the  form  of  good,  stiff  carriages  and 
brackets.  Carriage  timbers  under  stairs 
should  be  of  3x6  timbers  at  least  and 
have  the  1%  in.  or  2  in.  brackets  nailed 


on  opposite  sides  close  up  against  tli 
under  side  of  each  step  or  tread  an< 
should  any  tread  be  warped  each  brackc 
ought  to  be  scribed  to  fit  closely  u] 
against  the  bottom  side,  all  nailing  mus 
be  thorough,  using  cut  Ironnails  whe 
possible. 

We  protest  against  the  laying  o 
floors  before  the  roof  >?  covered  in.  as 
rain  shower  will  surely  swell  up  th 
flooring  boards,  causing  them  to  shrin 
back  again,  warp  up  and  bend  when  th 
roof  is  on.  the  walls  covered  in.  then  th 
heat,  steam  heat  especially,  will  shrin  ] 
them  still  more.  This  will  cause  floor 
to  squeak  and  creak  when  trod  upoi 
which  should  not  be.  Again,  tongue 
should  fit  closely  into  grooves,  but  nr 
too  tight.  Floor  brads  give  a  better  jo 
with  less  splitting  than  nails  with  head 
yet  iron  flat  floor  nails  are  better  sti 
for  a  close,  permanent  job,  so  let  v 
carpenters  try  to  offset  these  too  pn 
valent  faults. 

Doors  too  often  squeak  by  rabbin 
on  saddles  or  through  rusty  hinges  ; 
locks.  A  little  oil  applied  to  hinges  aD 
locks  in  damp  weather  will  easily  an 
quickly  remedy  this,  but  all  doors  shoul 
be  fitted  to  a  nicety  and  if  the  hous 
settles,  planed  off  and  refitted  to  swin 
clear  without  touching.  Let  us  make  a 
our  work  permanent  and  noiseless  as  ft 
as  possible,  by  good  and  thorough  craft 
manship. 


Square  Root 

(By  G.   D.  Mills,  L.  U.  No.  919, 
St.  John,  N.  B.,  Can.) 

In  continuing  the  subject  of  squa 
root  investigation,  and  referring  to  ir 
last  article  on  this  subject,  I  might  sa 
that  this  present  analysis,  is  derived  e: 
tirely  from  Proposition  47  of  the  fir 
book  of  Euclid,  as  expressed  in  Todhun 
er's  "Elements  of  Euclid"  while  in  tl 
last  article,  apart  of  the  analysis  was  d 
rived  from  this  proposition.  It  was  al 
stated  before  that  the  analysis  of  Prop 
sition  47  of  the  first  book  was  not  th 
expressed  in  the  first  book,  but  serv* 
equally  as  well,  and  as  the  true  analy? 
as  expressed  in  the  first  book  is  essenris 
since  the  square  root  is  derived  from 
a  condensed  version  will  therefore 
necessary  in  conjunction  with  Fig. 
adjoining,  which  describes  the  line  dra^ 
ing  for  the  analysis. 

The  analysis  goes  to  show  that  t. 
line  "A-e,"  from  the  appex  of  the  rig 
angle   "B-A-C,"  is  a  mean  proportion 


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50 


THE     CARPENTER 


and  divides  the  square  "B-C-g-f,"  on  the 
hypotenuse  "B-C,"  into  two  rectangles; 
"B-d-e-f."  which  is  equal  to  the  square 
on  "A-B,"  and  "C-d-e-g"  which  is  equal 


allelogram  "D-B-C-F"  equally,  and  the 
equality  of  the  triangles  thus  obtained, 
are   apparent    without    further   analysis. 

A  & 


to  the  square  on  "A-C,"  this  is  obtained 
as  follows:  The  triangle  "A-B-f"  can 
be  shown  to  be  equal  to  the  triangle 
"K-B-C,"  because  the  angle  of  the  large 
square  90  degrees  at  "B,"  plus  the  angle 
of  the  right  angle  "A-B-C,"  at  "B"  is 
equal  to  the  angle  of  the  square  "A-B" 
90  degrees,  at  "B,"  plus  the  angle  of  the 
right  angle  "A-B-C"  at  "B,"  thus  the  in- 
cluded angle  for  one  triangle  is  equal  to 
the  included  angle  of  the  other  and  the 
sides  of  the  triangles  are  also  equal,  each 
to  each,  ''K-B'?  is  equal  to  "A-B,"  and 
"B-C"  is  equal  to  "B-f"  they  are  there- 
fore equal,  and  have  the  same  inclination 
or  altitude,  because  of  the  equal  included 
angles,  which  is  in  accordance  with 
Proposition  3S  of  the  first  book  of  Euclid 
"Triangles  on  equal  bases,  and  between 
the  same  parallels,  are  equal  to  one  an- 
other" and  the  truth  of  this  proposition 
is  manifested  in  the  first  book  of  Euclid, 
Proposition  35,  which  reads:  "Parallel- 
ograms on  the  same  base,  and  between 
the  same  parallels,  are  equal  to  one  an- 
other." A  parallelogram  can  be  defined, 
as  a  four-sided  figure,  which  has  its  op- 
posite sides  equal,  and  parallel,  therefore 
a  square  is  a  parallelogram,  so  also  is  a 
rectangle.  Fig.  2  describes  a  condition 
of  this  proposition. 

The  square  "A-B-C-D,"  is  equal  to  the 
parallelogram  "D-B-C-F,"  because  the 
diagonal  "B-D"  divides  the  square 
equally  in  accordance  with  Proposition 
34  of  the  first  book  of  Euclid,  so  also 
does  the  diagonal  "D-C"  divide  the  par- 


c 

Fig.  2. 
Nevertheless,  if  a  line  be  drawn  from 
"F"  to  "B"  which  is  shown  dotted,  the 
parallelogram  would  again  be  divided 
equally  in  accordance  with  Proposition 
34  of  the  first  book  "The  diameter  bi- 
sects and  divides  it  into  two  equal  parts" 
and  the  triangle  "F-C-B"  would  be  equal 
to  the  triangle  "D-C-B"  which  equality 
is  not  apparent  without  analysis. 

The  preceding  goes  to  establish  the 
truth  expressed  in  Proposition  41  of  the 
first  book  of  Euclid,  which  reads:  "If  a 
parallelogram  and  a  triangle  be  on  the 
same  base,  and  between  the  same  par- 
allels, the  parallelogram  shall  be  double 
of  the  triangle."  Then  because  the  tir- 
angle  "K-B-C,"  standing  on  the  base 
"K-B,"  which  has  been  shown  to  be 
equal  to  one-half  of  the  parallelogram  of 
equal  altitude  on  the  base  "K-B,"  which 
is  the  square  on  "A-B,"  and  because  the 
equal  triangle  "A-B-f,"  standing  on  the 
base  "B-f,"  has  also  been  shown  to  be 
equal  to  one-half  of  the  parallelogram 
of  equal  altitude  standing  on  the  base 
"B-f,"  which  is  the  rectangle  "B-d-e-f," 
one  triangle  is  equal  to  one-half  of  the 
square  on  "A-B,"  and  the  other  is  equal 
to  one-half  of  the  rectangle  "B-d-e-f," 
therefore  because  the  two  triangles  are 
equal,  the  square  on  "A-B"  must  also  be 
equal  to  the  rectangle  "B-d-e-f,"  and  the 
line  "A-B"  is  the  square  root  of  the 
rectangle  "B-d-e-f."  A  similar  analysis 
with  respect  to  the  triangles  "A-C-g" 
and  "h-C-B"  will  show  that  the  square 
on  "A-C"  is  equal  to  the  rectangle 
"C-d-e-g"  and  that  "A-C"  is  the  square 
root  of  the  rectangle   "C-d-e-g." 

This  completes  the  analysis  for  Prop- 
osition 47  of  the  first  book  of  Euclid- 
which  tradition  ascribes  to  the  ancient 
Greek  mathematician  "Pythagoras"  in- 
stead of  "Euclid."  This  celebrated  prop- 
osition has  been  widely  demonstrated, 
and  is  deservedly  popular,  because  of  the 
many  useful  purposes  it  can  be  used  for. 


T  IT  TC     CARPENTER 


51 


Referring  to  Brother  John  Upton's 
irticle  in  the  July  issue  of  "The  Car- 
tenter"  in  which  he  uses  the  numbers 
|-  4,  and  5  in  demonstrating  this  cele- 
>rated  proposition,  and  these  numbers 
ire  the  only  even  numbers,  in  their  low- 
est terms,  that  can  be  used  for  the  pur- 
>ose.  We  shall  refer  to  Fig.  3,  which 
lescribes  this  arrangement  as  usually  set 
orth  in  arilhmetics. 

The  square  on  the  hypotenuse  "5" 
s  equal  to  the  sum  of  the  squares  on 
he  legs  of  the  right  angle  3  and  4  or 
>  plus  16;  these  even  numbers  3,  4,  and 


Fig.  3. 

,  can  be  multiplied  by  any  one  number, 
)  increase  the  respective  lengths  when 
uch  an  operation  is  necessary,  indeed 
le  last  foundation  I  squared  I  used  the 
umbers  18,  24,  and  30,  multiplying 
ich  number  by  6,  an  operation  which 
ma  nwith  a  tape  can  perforin  with 
reat  accuracy,  even  greater  than  the 
istrument,  because  in  squaring  with  the 
istrument,  the  target  must  be  held  ex- 
•tly  plumb,  in  order  to  secure  correct 
■suits. 

■,  All    the    preceding    with    respect     to 

! reposition  47  of  the  first  book  of  Euclid 

is   been    both    instructive    and    useful, 

it  the  method  of  measuring  the  square 

pot  with   a    steel    square   is    yet    to    be 

I 'scribed,  it  is  however,  quite  similar  to 

at  described  in  my  last  article,  except 

the  former  method,  the  rectangle  was 

id   out    in    two    adjoining    parts    on    a 

raight  line,  while  in  this  method,  the 

'o  parts    of    the    rectangle   are    folded 

er,  one  on  the  other,  thus  the  rectangle 

wl-e-f"   is  the   rectangle   "C-B — B-d" 

<1  its  square  root  is  the  line  "A-B," 


so  also  is  the  rectangle  "C-d-e-g"  the 
rectangle  "B-C — C-a,  and  its  square  root 
is  the  line  "A-C."  In  order  to  apply  the 
square  it  will  be  necessary  after  squar- 
ing up  at  the  dividing  point  "d"  to  hold 
the  square  on  points  "B"  and  "C"  so 
that  its  appex  will  just  coincide  with 
the  right  angle  line  from  "d"  and  the 
point  "A"  can  then  be  marked. 

Comparing  this  operation  with  that 
described  in  my  last  article,  in  which 
the  square  root  of  48  was  desired,  we 
made  6  and  8  on  a  straight  line  adjoin- 
ing, while  here  "B-C"  would  be  8  in., 
and  "C-d"  6  in.,  and  the  square  root  or 
distance  to  be  measured,  would  be  the 
"A-C."  Similarly  if  we  desired  one  part 
of  the  rectangle  to  be  known  as  "I"  we 
would  lay  out  the  distance  "C-B"  for  the 
number  "B-a"  would  represent  "1  '  and 
the  square  root  would  then  be  the  length 
of  the  line  "A-B." 

Commenting  on  the  two  methods,  the 
method  described  in  my  article,  may 
seem  to  be  more  readily  applied  and  un- 
derstood, but  the  method  herein  de- 
scribed requires  less  space,  and  the  car- 
penter can  judge  for  himself  which  is  the 

most  desirable. 

- — ■ c 

Answering  the  Timber  Problem 

In  answer  to  Brother  McDonald's 
problem,  will  say  that  the  stick  of  tim- 
ber 18  in.  square  at  one  end,  6  in.  at 
the  other  end,  and  12  ft.  long,  has  "in 
one  piece"  the  volume  of  156  feet  B.  M. 

However,  if  cut  into  "what  we  now 
call"  inch  lumber  there  would  be  a  loss, 
from    the    fact    that    a    number    of    the 

O' 

boards  at  one  end  would  run  to  a  wedge 
point.  As  these  points  could  not  be  con- 
sidered as  board  lumber,  there  would 
not  be  156  ft  in  actual   B.   M.      Divide 

12' Jon3  


timber  into  9  parts,  getting  A  center 
part  6  in  square.  12  ft.  long;  four  parts 
B  each  0  in.  square  at  one  end  running 


52 


THE     CARPENTER 


to  a  wedge  point  12  ft.  long;  four  parts 
C  each  6  in.  square  at  one  end  running 
to  a  pyrarnidical  point  12  ft :  long.  A 
equals  36  ft.  B.  M.  Place  two  "BM 
wedges  together  as  in  Fig.  2  and  get  a 
stick  equal  to  A.  Four  parts  B  equal  to 
72  ft.  B.  M.  C  having  a  base  6  in. 
square  gives  an  area  of  36  sq.  in.,  and 
this  multiplied  by  one-third  of  the  alti- 
tude, or  length  which  is  48  in.,  gives 
36x48  equals  1.728  cu.  in.  or  1  cu.  ft. 
One  cu.  ft.  equals  12  ft.  B.  M.  Four 
parts  C  equal  48  ft.  B.  M.     Then: 

1  part  A  equals.  ...  36  ft.  B.  M. 
4  parts  B  equals.  ...  72  fr.  B.  M. 
4  parts  C  equals.  ...    48  ft.   B.   M. 

Total 156   ft.   B.   M. 

Tours  fraternally. 

A.    E.    BEECHET. 
L.  U.  No.  63.  Bloornington.  111. 


the  mitre  cut  you  take  the  distance  Q-j 
on   the   blade  and   the   distance   A-B  oi 


Another  Puzzler 

The  accompanying  sketch  shows  two 
sides  of  a  roof  to  be  shingled  and  the 
question  arises  as  to  which  side  will  re- 


f                                    / 

/      / 

1 

t        y 

i        / 
i       / 
i      / 
i     / 
i    / 
i  / 

/ 

quire  the  most  shingles  or  whether  the 
same  amount  will  be  required  for  each, 
the  shingles  being  laid  42o  to  the 
weather. 

H.    CARDEv 
L.  TJ.  Xo.  2406.  Brookton.  Minn. 


How   To    Get   the    Cr.is    for   Purlins    On 
Roofs  of  Equal  Pitch 

(By  G.  C.  Hooper.) 

On  the  side  of  a  rafter  that  is  in  the 
desired  position  mark  a  plumb  line  A-B. 

At  right  angles  to  this  line  mark  an- 
other line  so  that  it  intersects  the  plumb 
line  at  the  bottom  C-B. 

Take  the  distance  C-A  on  the  blade  of 
your  square  and  the  distance  C-B  on 
tongue,  now.  by  marking  along  the 
tongue  you  have  the  face  cut.     To  get 


the  tongue  and  mark  along  the  tongu 
should  the  purlins  be  laid  on  steel  trusse 
and  it  is  not  convenient  to  mark  on  th 
trusses  the  above  can  be  laid  out  on 

board. 


An    Original    Door    Frame 

I  think  the  matter  of  members  send 
ing  to  "The  Carpenter"  something  ne^ 
and  original  is  worth  while. 


\ 


TVe    dish   out   brains    to    every   oth< 
craft  that  comes  on  the  job.     Why  n< 

for  each  other? 


THE     CARPENTER 


53 


Am  showing  here  a  drawing  of  a  door 
rame  that  is  original  with  me  and  has 
>een  used  by  both  masons  and  carpen- 
ers  who  pronounce  it  a  success. 


efit  to  the  membership  I  have  other 
things  I  have  learned  in  my  48  years 
of  experience  ;is  carpenter  and  builder 
which  may  be  of  interest. 


The  strip  C  gives  a  nailing  surface  full 
ngth  of  the  frame,  and  is  a  guage  for 
e  brick  mason  to  line  up  at  this  point. 
Should  this  effort  prove  to  be  of  ben- 


Yours  truly, 
C 


C. 


L.  U.  No.  510. 


HATFIELD. 
Du  Quoin,  111. 


Two  Paradoxes  of  Science  Explained 

Is  a  cubical  building  the  same  width 
the  top  as  at  the  base?  Is  a  level  wall 
raight?  Yes,  one  would  answer,  if  he 
id  not  considered  the  laws  of  physics. 
),  replies  the  man  of  science.  A  para- 
•x?      Read    what    H,    Winifield    Secor 


writes    of   this   in    "Science    and    Inven- 
tion"  (New  York.) 

When  we  build  a  house  or  other  build- 
ing we  might  expect  to  find,  upon  accu- 
rate measurement,  that  the  four  walls 
measure  exactly  the  same  distance  apart 
at  the  base   of   the   building   as   at   the 


J.. 


54 


THE     CARPENTER 


top,  he  writes.  But  such  is  not  the  case, 
however,  as  physics  proves  to  us,  for  up- 
on a  little  reflection  it  is  evident  to  any 
one  that  this  is  impossible,  especially 
when  Fig.  1  is  examined.  Where  only 
the  usual  methods  of  construction  are 
applied,  i.  e.,   plumbing  the  walls  with 


61  \\ 


DiFFEREKCE  BETWE£W 

v$u.3  FoaTpoomr 

BA5E  ORBlKM»NGLQ00 
,  FEtf  HIGH '«.  0472  FOOT 
I  OR.5fo73  INCH 
/(ROycHlY^IWCHJ 


/ 


Fig.  1. 

the  usual  plumb  line  and  weight,  or  bob, 
it  is  not  possible  for  either  the  side  walls 
or  the  front  and  rear  walls  to  be  parallel 
to  each  other,  or  the  same  distance  apart 
at  the  top  and  bottom,  except  from  in- 
accuracy of  construction. 

They  must  be  further  apart  at  the  top 
than  at  the  bottom,  as  each  individual 
wall  will,  if  lined  up  with  plumb  bob, 
be  on  a  different  radial  line  from  the 
center  of  the  earth ;  and  the  chord  of  the 
angle  subtended  between  two  radial 
lines,  as  shown  in  the  drawing,  will  in- 
crease propressively  as  we  move  out- 
ward from  the  center  of  the  earth. 

Building  constructors,  architects  and 
engineers  are  familiar .  with  this  fact, 
and  in  large  buildings  or  other  construc- 
tional operations  this  fact  is  taken  into 
consideration. 

It  has  been  computed  that  for  a  build- 
ing 1,000  ft.  long  and  1,000  ft.  high  the 
walls,  if  simply  plumbed  with  a  plumb 
and  bob,  would  be   %   in.  further  apart 


at  the  top  than  at  the  base.  As  the 
height  increases,  so  does  the  difference 
in  the  chords  or  distance  between  top 
and  bottom  walls.  Further  as  the  dis- 
tance between  the  two  walls  increases, 
the  difference  of  chords  at  top  and  bot- 
tom of  the  walls  will  likewise  be  aug- 
mented. 

When  it  comes  to  building  long  con- 
crete walls,  dams  and  other  construc- 
tional projects  a  mile  or  more  in  extent, 
we  once  again  bump  unconsciously  into 
the  inexorable  laws  of  nature,  and  for 
once  in  our  lives  find  that  a  level  wall 
is  not  straight,  by  any  means !  The 
truth  of  the  matter  is  that  such  a  wall 
is  curved  and  actually  follows  the  cur- 
vature of  the  earth.  The  writer  remem- 
bers hearing  this  point  argued  many 
times,  and  it  makes  an  interesting  point, 
for  debate,  you  can  well  believe. 

Fig.  2  demonstrates  that  a  straight 
wall  cannot  be  constructed  by  leveling — 
that  is,  by  levelling  in  the  ordinary  man- 
ner— for  the  reason  that  the  level  will 
act  the  same  as  the  plumb  bob,  and  it 


SWOT  LEVEL 

^^^^                                                C0MCOETX  VW.L       ^-J^ 

/^^**  1 

NiDIFFtKFJICE  MTWt»«"iEVtLro"n»LUA«t>    . 

\ACTU«L  STRAKHTUrlE  AKX/r  f,  FT  PESIMILE        , 

\              -ESEgEBS-61              / 

Fig.  2. 

simply  indicates  that  the  bottom  of  the 
level  is  at  right  angles'  to  a  radial  line 
pointing  to  the  center  of  the  earth,  and 
at  that  particular  point  only.  As  soon 
as  you  move  the  level  to  a  new  point, 
even  if  only  a  few  feet  away,  and  pro- 
viding you  had  instruments  sufficiently 
accui-ate  to  measure  the  difference,  you 
would  find  that  the  level  has  indicated 
a  tangential  point  on  the  earth's  surface 
for  that  particular  radial  line  only. 

It  has  been  computed  that,  when' 
building  a  wall  one  mile  long,  the  differ- 
ence between  the  actual  wall  as  con- 
structed by  levelling  with  spirit  levels' 
and  a  dead  straight  line  (sighted  across 
the  top  of  the  wall  by  using  a  levelling 
telescope  or  surveyor's  instrument)  is 
Y2  ft.  In  other  words,  if  the  wall  was 
constructed  two  miles  long  by  levelling, 
the  top  of  it  would  curve  upward  in  the 
center,  so  that  if  a  perfectly  straight 
lino  or  chord  Avere  drawn  across  the  top 
of  the  wall  there  would  be  x/%  ft.  differ- 


THE     CARPENTER 


G5 


ice  between  the  line  and  the  top  of  the 
[all  at  either  end.     For  longer  walls  this 
fference  increases,   of  course,   and  de- 
eases  as  the  wall  becomes  shorter. 
Note — The    foregoing    facts    are    not 
vel,  having  been  familiar  to  architects, 
.  gineers    and    highly    skilled    building 
;?chanics  as  carpenters  and  masons  for 
liny  years.     Still  they  are  exact.     Prac- 
lial  bricklayers  and  masons  regard  the 
Terence  so  infinitesimal  as  to  ignore  it 
:  applying  plumb  rules,  although  they 
ually  tend  to  "draw  in"  when  building 
)jh  walls,  chimneys,  etc. 

OWEN  B.   MAGINNIS. 


Shorter  Solution  to  the  Grindstone 
Problem 

in  answer  to  Brother  Geo.  A.  Turner's 
V.uest  for  a  shorter  and  practical  solu- 
t|Q  on  Brother  Marker's  grindstone 
Iiblem  than  the  one  he  has  worked  out 
i  square  root  in  the  March  issue. 

:?irst  make  the  60  in.  circle  then  the 
6 1.  circle  in  the  center,  form  a  circle  in 


H  space  between,  divide  the  diameter 
1  his  circle  just  found  in  four  parts, 
s'l  re  across,  and  where  the  square 
to  lies  the  circle  it  will  give  the  divi- 
>i<  point  for  each  man's  part. 
Fraternally  yours, 

C.  C.   WINGATE. 
21   N.  Smallwood  St.       Baltimore,  Md. 
L.  U.  No.  100. 


jjie  workers  who  strike  in  protest 
'gist  their  wrongs  may  be  defeated, 
bu  he  public  protest  registered  in  the 
Je  Vnd  for  the  Union  Label  is  invincible. 


PLAN    Of  bLACt  D 
SHOWING  ME.THOD  Of 
&IMLDIN&;     UP 


•KlHgteS-61 


jQ^p. 


A  practical  method  of  tying  rafters  and  floor 

joist  together.     These  braces  will  relieve  the 

upper  portion  of  walls  against  outward  thrust 

from  the  roof. 


join  ANCMot 


POD '6    WALL 

MAY    MOW    (-LOOB. 


JOIST 


Z     TILL    WALL 


This  illustration  shows  the  same  object  being 
accomplished  by  using  an  iron  rod  and  turn*- 
buckle  in  place  of  the  timber  frame. 


A  consistent  supporter  of  the  Union 
Label  can  live  in  the  faith  that  the 
whole  world  is  on  his  side  so  long  as 
he  is  true  to  the  best  that  is  in  him. 


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ig  Steel,   Concrete  Forms,  Cement  Work. 

W:rk.    Terra    Cotta,    Rough    Carpentry. 

'iis-.eriLg.    Interior   Marble,    Sheet   Metal 


210  W.   13th  Ave.,   Denver,  Colorado 


'Asbestos 


INSULATION 

BRAKE  UNINGS 

ROOFINGS 

PACKINGS 

CEMENTS 


FIRE 

|  PREVENTION 

PRODUCTS 


Don't  shovel  off  the  old 
— -^    wooden  shingles 

^j     Lay  Asbestos  shingles  right  over  them 

'%  The  thought  of  a  lit— 
■r^.  ter  of  broken  shingles 
on  the  lawn  and  flower 
beds  has  made  many  an 
owner  hesitate  to  re- 
roof. 

Johns-Manville     As-**; 
bestos    Shingles    laid 
right  over  the  old  shin- 
gles put  an  end  to  this  dirt  and   fuss.     This 
fact  alone  will  often  make  a  sale. 

Add  to  this,  the  advantage  of  the  greater 
durability,  weather-proofness,  and  fire-safety 
of  these  shingles,  and  you  have  a  proposition 
that  every  house-owner  will  carefully  consider. 

Re-roofing  with  Johns-Manville  Asbestos  is 
an  easy,  quick,  clean  job.  The  owner  appre- 
ciates it,  and  more  than  that,  he  tells  his 
friends  about  it.  And  that's  how  many  dealers 
have  made  a  reputation. 

National  advertising  and  sales  producing 
dealers  helps  will  aid  you  to  build  up  a  flour- 
ishing business  re-roofing  with  Johns-Man- 
ville Asbestos  Shingles. 

Write  now  to  your  nearest  Johns-Manville 
Branch  for  particulars. 
JOHNS-MANVILLE  Inc. 

Madison  Avenue,  at  41st  Street,  New  York  City 

Branches  in  o~  Large  Cities 

For  Canada:  CANADIAN  JOHNS- MANSVILLE 

CO,.  Ltd..  Toronto 

This  booklet  hasbeen 
unusually  successful 
in  bringing  in  re- 
roofing  orders.  Send 
it  to  your  prospects. 

Johns-] 

Asbestos  Shingles 


Carpenters,  Bricklayers,  Contractors,  Builders  and 
others — Can  you  read  Blue  Prints?  If  not,  learn 
how.  It  will  help  you  hold  your  job — it  will  get 
you  p  better  job — it  will  Increase  your  earning  ca- 
pacity. Special  Courses  for  each  trade.  Write,  at 
once,  for  Free  blue  print  and  Catalog  B,  Stating  trade. 

ARCHITECTURAL.   MECHANICAL,   SHEET 
METAL  AND  STRUCTURAL  DRAFTING 

quickly  taught  at  home,  in  your  spare  time,  on  the 
"Pay  As  You  Study  Plan."  You  can  soon  qualify  for 
a  successful  draftsman.  Books  and  tools  furnished 
Free.  Write  today  for  catalog  G.  It  means  more  pay. 
ESTIMATING— STEEL  SQUARE 
Practical  Courses  making  the  various  details  simple 
and  clear.  It  will  give  you  the  training  that  will  take 
you  out  of  overalls  and  put  you  into  a  boss'  job.  Do 
not  miss  this  opportunity.    Write  now  for  Catalog.     E. 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1904 

______  Dept.    I0A.    Drexel    Bldg..    Phils..    Pa.  _____ 


BLADDER 
WEAKNESS 

A  famous  European  chemist  has  given  the 
world  a  rare  discovery  that  soothes  and  allays 
inflammation  and  Weakness  of  Bladder. 

It  is  embodied  in  our  PRO-GLANDIN  that 
thousands  are  using.    Prompt  and  safe  results. 


Sleep 
all  night 
in  comfort 


If  you  want  to  enjoy  unbroken  rest  all  night, 
with  ease,  comfort,  contentment  and  better 
health,  then  use  PRO-GLANDIN  Free 

50c  Pkg'e  FREE 


ALSO  -  SELF  CARE"  LEAFLET 

3Jo  introduce  we  will  give  away  100.000  Pack- 
ages sent  FREE,  postpaid  anywhere.  Contains 
Trial  supply  of  PRO-GLANDIN.  and  "Self 
Care"  Leaflet  telling  how  to  treat  yourself. 
Every  Bladder  sufferer  should  read  it.  Send  no 
money.  ]ust  your  address,  and  get  all  Free. 

H.  W.  WORTH  74  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York 


piLES 


'T  BE  CUT 

Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
derful Treatment.  My  internal 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments. 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you   have  piles  in  any  form   write  for  a 
FREE   sample   of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  you 
will  bless  the  day   that  you   read   this.      Write 
today. 
E.  R.PAGE,322Ȥ  Page  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


There  is 
Strength  in 

E 


One  dose  often  helps  com- 
mence to  enrich  your  blood 
and  revitalize  your  worn- 
out  exhausted  nerves — 
Nuxated  Iron  is  organic 
iron,  like  the  iron  in  your 
blood  and  like  the  iron  in  spin- 
ach. It  is  so  prepared  that  it 
will  not  injure  the  teeth  ncr 
disturb  thestomach.Itis  ready 
for  almost  immediate  absorp- 
tion and  assimilation  by  the 
blood  while  some  physicians 
claim  metallic  iron  which  peo- 
ple usually  takeisnotabsorbed 
at  all.  If  you  are  not  strong  or 
well  you  owe  it  to  yourself  to 
make  the  following  test:  See 
how  Ion  g  you  can  work  or  how 
i  far  you  can  walk  without  be- 
i  coming  tired.  Next  take  two 
five-grain  tablets  of  Nuxated 
Iron-three  times  per  day  .after 
meals  for  two  weeks.  Then 
test  your  strength  again  and 
see  how  much  you  have  gained.  Your  money 
will  be  refunded  by  the  manufacturers  if  you 
do  not  obtain  perfectly  satisfactory  results. 
At  all  druggists. 


znESsnisnsiz 

Enriches  the  Blood- Strengthens  the  Nerves 


s 


Owners 

MTED! 

To  introduce  the  best  auto- 
mobile tires  in  the  world. 
Made  under  our  new  and  ex- 
clusive Internal  Hydraulic 
Expansion  Process  thatelim- 
inates  Blow-Oat — Stone-Bruise 
— Rim-Cut  and  enables  us  to 
sell  our  tires  under  a 

10,000   MILE 


WWwv&JJ  ^e  want  an  asent  in  every 
ll^M  community  to  use  and  in- 
troduce these  wonderful 
tires  at  our  astonishingly 
low  prices  to  all  motor  car  owners. 
Write  for  booklet  fully  describing  this  new 
process  and  explaining  our  amazing  in- 
troductory offer  to  owner  agents. 

Hydro-United  Tire  Co. 

Oept.  84     Chicago,  San  Francisco,  Pottstown,  P» 


Only  $1.00  with  the  coupon  below  brings  this  sen- 
sational furniture  bargain  to  your  home  on  30 
days  trial.     Complete  6  piece  set  of  fumed^olid 
oak  livingroom  furniture  including  a  wonderfully 
comfortable  and  roomy  divan.  Only  $29.85 
for  the  complete  set  on  this  offer— on 
easy  payments,  too.  $40  was  the 
former  price  for  a  set  like  this 
a  special  factory  sacrifice  makes 
this  slash  in  price  possible   now. 
Seize  this  opportunity  on  our  special 
approval  offer— we  take  the  risk. 

30  Days  Trial 

When  you  get  this  magnificent  6- 
piece  library  set,  put  it  in  your  liv- 
ing room  or  library  and  use  it  freely 
for  30  days.  Note  the  massive,  solid 
construction  —the  beautiful  finish— 
the  fine  upholstery  and  graceful 
•ili'Jil  lines.  Compare  it  with  anything  you 
can  buy  locally  at  anywhere  near 

!  same  price— even  for  spot  cash.  Then  if  not  satisfied  for  any  reason, 
;  urn  the  set  at  our  expense  and  we  will  refund  your  $1.00  at  once,  plus 

/  freight  charges  you  paid. 

)nly  $2.70  a  Month  Xff*&*fty&s* 

ith  until  you  have  paid  $29.85.     A  full  year  to  pay— at  the  rate  of  only  a  few  cents 
>y.  This  wonderful  value  is  not  listed  in  our  regular  catalog.  We  have  only  a  limited 
iberof  sets. We  trust  honestpeople  anywhereinthe  U.S.  One  priceto  all,  cash 
'  redit.    No  discount  for  cash.  Not  one  penny  extra  for  credit.   NoC.O.D.        :■■■ 

rice  Slashed!— Send  Now 


New 
6-Piece  Set 

Fumed  Solid  Oak 


Thia  superb  6- piece  set  is  made  of  selected  solid  oak 
tbrougnout,  finished  in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown  fumed 
oak.  AH  the  four  chairs  are  padded;  seats  uphol- 
stered with  brown  Delavan  Spanish  leather,  the  best 
imitation  of  genuine  Spanish  leather  known.  The  up- 
holstering: is  a  rich  brown  color. 

Large  Divan  provides  extra  seating  capacity.  It  la 
an  unusually  massive,  comfortable  piece  with  beauti- 
fully designed  back.  Arms  are  broad  and  comfortable. 
Measures  46  inches  wide  outside  and  36  inches  lone 
inside.  Thickly  padded  seat  Is  19  inches  deep.  Height 
of  back  is  22  inches.  Posts  are  extra  massive. 
Arm  Chair  is  a  roomv,  dignified  piece  of  furni- 
ture, comfortable  and  big  enough  for  a  very  large 
person  while  not  seeming  too  large  for  the  ordinary 
occupant.  Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in.,  height  36  in. 
Arm  Rocker  is  a  massive,  stately,  comfortable 
piece,  with  beautifully  designed  back,  wide,  shapely 
arms,  and  smooth  operating  runners.  Seat  19x171-2 
in.,  height  36  in. 

Sewing  Rocker  is  unusually  attractive  and  useful. 
Seat  17  x  17  in.,  height  SB  in. 

Library  Table —  A  beautiful  piece  of  library  fur- 
niture. Beautifully  designed  ends  to  match  chairs 
with  roomy  magazine  shelf  below.  Legs  cut  of  2  in. 
stock;  massive,  dignified.  Top  measures  23  1-4  x  34  In. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces.  A  dec- 
oration to  your  living  room  or  library.  Carefully 
built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2  in.  high;  the  top 
12x12  inches. 

Entire  set  shipped  knocked  down  construction.  Easy 

to  set  up.    Saves  freight  charges.  Wt.  about  176  lbs. 

Order  by  No.    B6944A.     $1.00    with 

coupon.  $2.70  a  month,  price  S29.85. 


ee  Bargain  Catalog 

0W9  thousands  of  bargains  in 
"future,  jewelry,  carpets,  rugs, 
•tains,  silverware,  phono- 
'P.ns,  stoves,  porcb  and  lawn 
Tiiture,  women's,  men's  and 
laren's  wearing  apparel. 


Don't  delay.  Just  send 
$1.00  along  with  the  cou- 
pon as  a  deposit.  If  you 
wish  to  return  the  set  after 
30  days,  your  dollar  will  be  refunded,  plus 
all  freight  charges  which  you  paid.  Remem- 
ber, this  is  a  special,  limited,  reduced  price 
offer.  First  come,  first  served.  Get  your  set 
while  this  offer  lasts.  80  days  trial  —  we 
take  all  the  risk.    Send  coupon  now. 

faUS    &   OCllf  BUI,    West  ZStl^tlt,  Chicago,  111. 


Straus  &  Schram,  Reg  3015 ,  W.  35th  St,  Chicago 

Enclosed  find  $1.00.  Ship  special  advertised  6-PIece  Fumed 
Oak  Library  Set.  I  am  to  have  30  days  free  trial.  If  I  keep 
the  set,  I  will  pay  you  S2.70  monthlv.  If  not  satisfied.  I  am 
to  return  the  set  within  30  days  and  you  are  to  refund  my 
money  and  any  freight  charges  1  paid. 
D  6  Piece  Library   Set,  No.  B6944A.  $29.85. 

Name 

Street,  R.  F.  D. 

or  Box  No 

Shipping 

Point 

Post 

Office .. -State 

II  you  only  want  catalog  put  x  in  box  below: 

D  Furaiture,Stoves,JeweIry  □  MeB's,Women's,Children'sClothjnj 


CARPEHTERS  AHI>  BUJtDERS 

PRACTICAL  RULES      * 

^ '  FOR;  L/^IIiJC^bjUT^WdR^^v 


(Size  4i  x  7   inches 


CARPENTERS  HAND  BOOK 

For  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no  other  hand 
book  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  "rules  and  tables." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  2700  different 
lengths  of  rafters,  300  different  lengths  of  braces 
and  the  proper  cuts  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 
ing, stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc., 
and  in  fact  all  the  up-to-date  information  and 
•'SHORT  CUT  RULES"  for  every-day  use  in  a  first 
class  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A. 

"" ""  "" —  ~"  ""Mail  this  Coupon  to""-""" 
I  0.  A.  ROGERS, 

|  3604    Stevens   Ave.,    Minneapolis,   Minn. 

,  Enclosed  find  $1.00  for  which  please  send  me  your  book 
'  CARPENTER  AND  BUILDERS  PRACTICAL  RULES 
|    FOR   LAYING    OUT    WORK. 

I   Name   

I  St.   and  No 

I 

■   Town    and   State   

I  The  Book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back. 


THE  STANDEFORD  CASING  GAUGE 

Allows  for  % -inch  parallel  margin  on  the  head  jamb  of  do 
and  window  trim,  by  marking  the  side  casing  as  indicated;  Mai 
flush  casings  on  their  edge.  The  gauge  is  nickel  plated  steel,  Ve: 
handy,  quick  and  accurate. 

Send  me  45c  for  the  gauge,  if  you  are  not  satisfied,  I  will  refui 
your  45c  and  return  postage  promptly. 


R.  P.  STANDEFORD, 


P.  O.  Box  981. 


Kansas  City,  M 


Join  this  great  Auto  Club  and  win  Grand  Prizes  including  Ford 
Sedan,  complete  with  electric  starter  and  sliding  plate  glass 
windows.    The  ideal  carfor  all-year  use. 

Can  you  make  out  the  two  words  spelled  by  the  numbers  in 
the  picture?  The  alphabetis  numbered,  A  is  1,  B  is  2,  etc.  What 
ere  the  two  words?  10,000  Sedan  votes  given  for  your  answer. 
Many  other  valuable  prizes  and  hundreds  of  dollars  in  cash 
given.     Everybody  wins  1    So  easy  you  will  be  surprised. 

Send  Your  Answer  Today.  ^^S&f^t: 

body  gets  this  new  Sedan  free— freight  and  tax  paid.  It  can  be 
you!    Send  answer  today,  and  you  can  share  in  the  prizes. 

FORD  WILLSON,  Mgr.  141  W.  Ohio  St.  Dept.2736 ,  Chia*o,  III. 


Given 

A  LUXURIOUS  SEDAN,  IDEAL  ALL-YEAR  CAR 

rasp 


A  school  girl  of  14 

recently  won  Auto 


Don't  Wear  a  Truss 


C.    E.    BROOKS,    Inventor 


T5ROOKS'  APPLIANCE,  the 
■^  modern,  scientific  inven- 
tion, the  wonderful  new  dis- 
covery that  cures  rupture  will 
be  sent  on  trial.  No  obnoxi- 
ous springs  or  pads.  Has 
automatic  Air  Cushions. 
Binds  and  draws  the  broken 
parts  together  as  you  would 
a  broken  limb.  No  salves. 
No  lies.  Durable,  cheap. 
Sent  on  trial  to  prove  it. 
Catalog  and  measure  blanks 
mailed  free.  Send  name  and 
address  today.  Never  on  sale 
in  stores.  Don't  be  fooled  by 
imitations.  Look  for  trade 
mark  signature  of  C.  E. 
Brooks  and  his  picture  on 
every  appliance.  None  other 
genuine. 


—  COMBINED  — 
Rule.Square.MiterGaoe 


Accnts  Wanted 


Brooks  Appliance  Co.,  252  F   State   St.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


Pocket  SizeJPost  PAib:$.-1.25  y 
C.F.Benjamin  Co.,    Milford.Conn 


BUILD  YOUR  OWN  PHONOGRAP 


Cut   out   big  profits.      Anyone   handy  with  '• 

can    make   a   cabinet    according   to   our  draw 

and    simple    instructions.      We    furnish    meet 

ical  parts  at  small   cost.     Drawings,   blue  pn  ■ 

parts,  price  list,   etc..   free  on   request.     Write  today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Compav 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  0  0 


,Uv  tli£s*jhzjf  d&asv&L'  (BaraAsd,   Ca*rtsfi&*f*&~ 


V 


NOT  if  you  use  genuine  Beaver 
Board.  The  cost  of  Beaver 
Boarding  is  surprisingly  low,  yet  the 
results  are  as  permanent  as  they  are 
good  looking. 

You  can  nail  the  big  panels  over 
old  plaster  or  directly  to  joists  and 
studding  as  easily  as  you  would  in 
finishing  up  new  interiors.  Either  way 
you  can  count  on  a  job  that's  eminently 
satisfactory.  For  Beaver  Board  walls 
and  ceilings  can't  crack  or  fall. 

Genuine  Beaver  Board  is  knotless, 
flawless  manufactured  lumber,  made 
from  the  long,  tough  fibers  of  white 
spruce  logs.  Each  panel  is  sized  by 
our  patented  Sealtite  process,  which 
makes  a  perfect  painting  surface. 
iNail  up  the  panels,  paint,  if  you 


:ose  repairs 
won't  be  expensive 


tare  to  decorate,  add  the  finishing 
wood  strips  and  the  job  is  complete. 
It's  quick,  clean  work,  with  little  saw- 
ing and  practically  no  waste.  There's 
none  of  the  muss  or  litter  that  goes 
along  with  ordinary  repair  work. 

So,  don't  postpone  needed  repairs 
or  remodeling  work  ' 

Ji"  l I'll-  UP  expense.     Your  locaT 

.carpenter  or  lumber  dealer  will  gladly 
Allium  itn  i-nl  I  il  i  khuul  1JUJIT 
ing  you  want  to  do.  See  about  it  today. 
Or,  send  our  Builders'  Service  De- 
partment in  Buffalo  a  rough  sketch, 
giving  dimensions,  locating  doors  and 
windows  and  specifying  the  type  of 
room,  and  our  expert  designers  will] 
prepare  finished  plans  at  no  COitjoj] 
obligation  to  you. 


THE  BEAVER  BOARD  COMPANIES 


.  BuH.lo.  N.  Y;  Thorold.  On,..  C.n.d.;  London,  En|. 
c  N.w  1  ork,  All.ni.,  BuE.lo,  Cbit.Jo  .no  k.n.«,  i;,,". 


Above  all.  be  sure  j>ou  use  genuine  Beaver  Boat 
for  the  Beaver  Quality  trade-mark  on  the  bae'i 
Panel.  It  is  there  for  your  protection.  Insist  upon 


tORiETTEK WALLS    ^CEILINGS 


PREMAX   WALL   TIES   AND   PLUGS 

Strong — Permanent — Correctly   designed 

From  your  dealer  or  direct 

NIAGARA   .METAL   STAMPING   CORPORATION 
Division  C Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y 


The  Rustless  Rule 


Made  of  Luminov.  a  special  alloy  of  Aluminum. 

Here  is  THE  Rule  eTeiy  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  hare.   It  won't  fist 
weighs   little,    has    brass   joints,    costs   less    than   a    steel   rule,    ye! 
durable,   has  large  figures   and  accurate   graduation,    together   with   pel 
- .;.  -_r 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.      If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  se;.. 


Lafayette  Ave. 


THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 


Buffalo.  N.  Y 


FOR  THE  EXPERT 


The  NO.  1  SAWSET  is  designed 
for  the  person  who  wishes  to  use 
his  own  judgment  in  setting  a 
hand,  band,  jig.  butcher  or  fret 
saw  not  over  16  gauge. 


CHAS.  MORRILL 


New  York 


::-rv 
JustKcht 


SAW5ETS 


-pHE   Wayvell    Chappell   Automatic    Ball    Bearing   Eleetf 
1  Floor  Surfacing   Machine  is  what  you  need:: 
new  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  the 

As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finish! 
floois,   particularly  new   work   in   residences,    fl 
meats,  etc,   all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away  «il 
It   is   remarkable    how   smoothly    andta 
steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
erates. 

Only  surfacing  machine  having  roll- 
er   sanding    even    with   base- 
board   from    either    side     of  i 
machine,     doing    away     with| 
tmeren  work  of  edge  roU- 
;:  zz-  .z':^-^-'.    7:  ::  =:.t-:  = 

Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
cept  our  free  trial   offer. 

(Machine  demon- 
strated also  at  our 
Branch  Office.  921 
Washington  Blvd.,  | 
~'iLzz£Z.) 
Man.  by  Wayvell 

Chappell  &  Co. 

38    N.   Jackson    St. 

Dept.   A. 

Waukeoan,    I!!.  "■"  Pat.  1912-1816 


K&E  MEASURING  TAPES 

are   well  made,  of   good    material,  and  are  reliable. 

Prices  Revised  Send  For  New  Price 

■    KEUFFEL    &    ESSER    Co.   * 

;~..  ■;■".-.  "_--.-.-..•;.-.-_-:         c-c^-~~c~:.-j--i-~-"  sea  z.rz:  ■:-■:  -J. 


a 


A  TOOL-BOX  NECESSITY  — THE  TAINTOR 
POSITIVE  SAW  SET.  The  Tool  which  sets  your 
saw  Right. 

I-  there  a  Taintor  in  Tour  Tool-box?     If  not,  talk  it  over 
with  your  hardware  dealer*     Send  for  Book  :    "Care  of  Sayrs."     ^© 
Free  to  members  of  the  Brotherhood. 

TAINTOR  MFG.  Co..  95  Reade  St.,  New  York  City. 


THE  GUNN  SELF-FASTENING  FOLDING  SAW  CLAMP 


Holds    the   Saw   TIGHT  —  Anywhere! 


Will  inst  f  fasten  itself  to  work  bench, 
board,  joist,  or  pile  of  lumber,  rail  c:  fence- 
suitable  place — ar.d  without  screws  or  nails,  or  an 
jther  means  of  fastening;  stands  firmer  than  u 
other — with  their  troublesome  screws,  nails  and  bracq 
Made  of  best  malleable  iron.  13  inches  long;  weia 
3  pounds:  folds  like  a  jack-knife;  can  be  carried  I 
coat  pocket.     Guaranteed  not  to  break. 

Price.   S2.00   at    Most   Good    Hardware  Stores,     j 
or  Sent   Prepaid   Anywhere  for  $2.00.      Mones    I 

Refunded  if  Met  Satisfactory. 
CLAN    GUNN    FOLDING   SAW    CLAMP   CO..     | 
P.    0.    Box   643,    Pittsburgh,    Pa. 


3  &  5=PLY  VENEERED  PANELS 

All  woods — All  thicknesses.  For  doors,  cab- 
inetwork and  wainscoating.  Send  stamp 
for  stocklist  and  pri     - 

DUNN  PLYWOOD   CO. 
Oxford  Bldg..  Chicago.  111. 


CARPENTERS 

Tobacco:  Kentucky  Natural  iqiq  Leai 

SAVE    2-3rds    AND    GET    THE    PURE    ARTICLE 

Regular    smoking 10  lbs.,  $1.50:  50  lbs.,  $6. 

Good    smoking 4  lbs.,    1.00;  10  lbs.,    2. 

Chewing    and    smoking.. 10  lbs.,    2. 

Select    Chewing    3  lbs..     1.00;  10  lbs.,    3. 

Mild:  Medi-i-:   Sti  :  r     Fire   Air  Cured  and  Buriey 
SATISFACTION   GUARANTEED 

PRODUCERS   DISTRIBUTORS  Murray,  k 


The  American  Woodworker 

Gasoline,  Kerosene,  or  Electric  Driven 
Used  on  the  Job  or  in  the  Shop 

Also  Made  With  Band  Saw  Attached 

Let  us  send  you  our  Bulletin  No.  77 
describing  this  and  other  profit  pro- 
ducers for  the  Carpenter,  Contrac- 
tor and  Builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Company 

136  Main  Street,   Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

New    York    Office.    50    Church    St. 
Philadelphia    Office,    The    Bourse. 


for  Catalog 


1  umbing,  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing,  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40%  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 


KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


I  a  Weatherstrip  Contractor 

ft  ke  $5,000  to  $10,000  or  More — 
early  Prepare  for  the  Spring 
Building  Boom 

S  :ng  and  installing  weatherstrip  is  a 
n  and  uncrowded  business.  The  Spring 
N(;on  is  going  to  be  alive  with  oppor- 
11  ti'>s  for  the  contractor-agent  who  is 
■  pped  to  go  after  this  business. 
A  letal  Weatherstrip  is  favorably 
ki  vu  and  preferred  by  architects  and 
y.<  ral  contractors. 

G    Our  Selling   Proposition   Now 

B  'in  this  and  Spring  you  can  be 
iping  old  buildings  and  landing  con- 
tracts for  new  buildings  to 
be  put  up  later  on.  Every 
building  is  a  prospect.  Hun- 
dreds of  buildings  right 
now  in  your  vicinity  need 
weatherstrip. 

GET    INTO    A    BUSINESS 
OF  YOUR  OWN 

Don't  get  caught  out  of 
work  again — build  up  a 
business  of  your  own  and 
one  that  pays  big.  We 
furnish  models  and  assist 
you  to  land  contracts. 
Weatherstrip  contractros 
make  good  money  right 
from   the  start. 

Write    today    for    complete 
information 

^LMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP 
COMPANY 

26  /est   Kinzie   Street  CHICAGO 


LOSING  MONEY? 


On  your  last  job  what  did  you  make? 
Could  your  profits  have  been  greater? 
Why  not  KNOW  each  time  you  esti- 
mate a  job,  large  or  small,  by  check 
ing  up  your  figures  with  the  1922 
Revised    Edition    of 

The  New 
BUILDING  ESTIMATOR 

By  William  Arthur 

Over     1200     pages,     4y2x7, 
tables     and     illustrations, 
flexible   keratol,    $6.00. 
Ready  in  June. 

Send  No  Money 
Just    this    Coupon 


U.   P.   C.   Book   Company,   Inc., 
243    W.    39th    St.,    New    York. 

Send  me  when  published  Arthur's  NEW 
BUILDING  ESTIMATOR.  I  agree  to  either 
remit  $0.00  for  the  book  or  return  it  within 
5  days. 


Name 


Address    

I    Subs,  to  The  CARPENTER May  22 


41 


While  were  doing  the 
Jot  Jet's  do  it  right!" 


^ 


Let's  use  this 


PATENT  APPLIED    FOR 


"If  we  put  in  sash  cord,  we're  going 
to  have  trouble  sooner  or  later.  It 
will  rot  or  stretch  or  cut  on  a  sharp 
edge  or  something,  and  then  we'll  have 
to  do  the  job  all  over  again. 

"If  we  install  "Acco"  it  will  never 
wear  out !" 

Acco  comes  in  three  finishes — A.  C.  D.  (Coppered  Steel),  S.  It.  P. 
(Special  Rust  Proof),  and  Hot  Galvanized.  Packed  100  feet  of 
chain  with  40  weight  fixtures  in  strong  bag.     Write  for  Prices. 

American  Chain  Co.,  Inc. 


District  Sales  Offices  : 


Bridgeport,  Conn. 

Boston  Chicago  New   York  Pittsburgh 

Portland,  Ore.  San  Francisco 


Philade:! 


£3y    WantS 
Extra 


.     For  gen  era!  sped  ft  ea- 
f     tions  see  SweuPs  Arch- 
itectural   Catalogue, 
Page4r>S,lbth  Edition ; 
Page  3S9, 15th  Edition 

Turn  your  practical  knowledge  of  building  to  account  for 
yourself.  Learn  to  sell  Oak  Flooring,  while  going  about  on 
your  jobs.  You  know  where  the  best  prospects  are — for  new 
floors,  or  for  our  special  §  -inch  stock  for  overlaying  old  floors. 

Many  carpenters  make  good  extra  money  this  way.  And 
hc.ve  been  doing  it  for  years. 

Ask  your  dealer  friends.  Or,  write  for  our  three  free  sales 
booklets.  They  tell  you  how.  Our  plan  will  not  interfere  with 
your  work.  And  it  means  more  money  added  to  your  old  pay 
envelope  at  the  end  of  the  month.  Worth  a  trial,  isn't  it? 

oak  vioommMmAm 

of  the  U.  S. 
1051   Ashland  Block,  Chicago.  111. 


Interiors 


Plenty  of  work 
for  Good  Carpenters 


IN  every  neighborhood  there  are 
many  homes  with  an  unfin- 
ished attic,  spare  room  or  base- 
ment— a  garage  that  needs  lining 
— a  store,  factory  or  office  to  be 
altered  with  new  partitions  in  ad- 
dition  to    new   construction. 

Write  us  for  practical  sugges- 
tions as  to  how  you  can  get  these 
jobs  on  very  low  bids  by  the  help 
of  our  service  to  carpenters  and 
contractors  who  use  Cornell- Wood- 
Board  panels  for  walls,  ceilings  and 
partitions. 

The  cost  is  lower  than  lath  and 
plaster  or  plaster  board  and  Cornell 
lasts    longer    than    ordinary    wall- 


A  new  use 


board  because  it  is  made  of  pure 
wood  fiber  "Triple- Sized"  with 
moisture-proof  sizing. 

These  wide  flat  panels  are  easily 
nailed  to  the  joists  and  studding  or 
over  brick  or  damaged  plaster. 
Guaranteed  not  to  warp  or  buckle 
if  you  follow  our  simple  directions. 

Write  us  today  for  full  details, 
sample  and  Book  of  Cornell  In- 
teriors.     Address  Dept.  CA-3. 

CORNELL   WOOD   PRODUCTS   CO.,    Dept   CA-3 

General    Offices:    190    North    State    Street,    Chicago,    III. 

Water    rower,    Mills     and     Tinibcrlands 
in   Wisconsin 


every  day 


„. 


Sheetrock  Handles  Easily, 
Goes  Up  Fast 

Use  Sheetrock,  the  fireproof  wallboard  made  from  rock, 
whenever  your  customers  want  durable  walls  and  ceilings 
erected  quickly  and  at  low  cost. 

Every  building  owner  likes  Sheetrock  because  it  is  fire- 
proof and  permanent,  will  not  warp  or  buckle,  and  take; 
any  decoration.  You  will  be  surprised  to  see  how  easil 
Sheetrock  handles  and  how  fast  it  goes  up. 


Carpenters  anc 
tractors  —  send  for  '< 
free  copy  of  our  nev 
Carpenter's  Tim. 
Book.  It  includes  cal 
culating  tables  anc 
other  useful  data.  Cli] 
and  mail  the  coupoi 
today! 

Sheetrock  comes  in  standar 
sizes— %  in.  thick,  32  or  4 
in.  wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  Ion 


SHEETROCK 


The  FIRE  PROOF 


WALLBO AR 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM    COMPA 


World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 

Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

Please  send  me  a  free  copy  of  your  Carpenter's  Time  Book. 


Name- 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


The  Satisfaction  of 

a  good  Job 

There's  a  double  advantage  in  using  Barrett 
Everlastic  Roofings ! 

In  the  first  place,  all  six  styles  of  these 
famous  Barrett  Roofings  are  laid  quickly, 
easily  and  without  waste  of  material. 

In  the  second  place,  you're  sure  of  a  fin- 
ished roof  that  you  can  be  proud  of  —  a 
good  looking,  long-lasting  roof.  And  there's 
a  lot  of  satisfaction  in  doing  a  good  job. 

The    Everlastic    label    identifies    the    best 
j"  ready  roofings  we  know  how  to  make — and 
we've  been  in  the  roof-manufacturing  busi- 
ness for  60  years. 

Amongthe  six  styles  of  Everlastic  described 
at  the  right  is  a  roofing  suitable  for  any 
kind  of  steep-roofed  building.  They're  just 
the  thing  for  re-roofing  work,  too.  In  al- 
most every  case  you  can  lay  Everlastic 
right  on  top  of  the  old  roof  with  perfectly 
satisfactory  results. 

Write  to  our  nearest  branch  for  free  illus- 
trated booklets. 


Your  Choice  of  Six  Styles 

Everlastic     Octo-Strip 

Shingles. 
The  latest  development  in 
the  strip  shingle.  Beautiful 
red  or  green  mineral  sur- 
face. Made  in  an  unique 
form  that  offers  a  variety 
of  designs  in  laying. 

Everlastic  Multi-Shingles. 
Four  shingles  in  one.  Made 
of  high  grade  waterproof- 
ing materials  with  a  red 
or  green  mineral  surface. 
When  laid  they  look  exact- 
ly like  individual  shingles. 
Fire-resisting. 

Everlastic  Single  Shingles. 
Same  red  or  green  material 
as  Multi-Shingles,  but  made 
in  single  form;  size,  8x123 
inches. 

Everlastic  Giant  Shingles. 
Identical  in  shape  with 
Everlastic  Single  Shingles 
but  heavier  and  thicker. 
They  are  "giants"  for 
strength  and  durability. 

Everlastic 
Mineral  Surfaced  Roofing. 
The  most  beautiful  and  en- 
during roll  roofing  made. 
Surfaced  with  mineral  in 
art-shades  of  red  or  green. 
Combines  real  protection 
against  fire  with  beauty. 
Requires    no    painting 

Everlastic  "Rubber"  Roofing. 
This  is  one  of  our  most  pop- 
ular roofings.  It  is  tough. 
pliable,  elastic,  durable  and 
very  low  in  price.  It  is 
easy  to  lay  ;  no  skilled  labor 
required.  Nails  and  cement 
included  in  each  roll. 


Company 


'lork  Chicago  Philadelphia  Boston  St.  Louis  Cleveland  Cincinnati 
sburgh  Detroit  New  Orleans  Birmingham  Kansas  City  Minneapolis  Dallas 
leuse  Peoria  Atlanta  Duluth  Salt  Lake  City  Bangor  Washington 
astown  Lebanon  Youngstown  Milwaukee  Toledo  Columbus  Richmond 
obe     Bethlehem      Elizabeth      Buffalo      Baltimore      Omaha      Houston      Denver 


Jacks 


treal 


Toronto 


THE  BARRETT  COMPANY,  Limited: 
Winnipeg  Vancouver  St.  John,  N.  B 


Halifax,  N.  S. 


Last  Month-The  Sale  of  Pool's 
Special  Carpenter  Doubled 


BECAUSE— 

The  Safety  Rule  Pocket  keeps  your  rule  where  you  put  it. 

The   Safety  Watch   Pocket  will  not  let  your  watch   drop 
out. 

The  Nail  and  Tool  Pockets  keep  just  what  you  need  0:1 
the  job  with  you. 

The  Fulness  in  the  garment  prevents  binding  and  pinch- 
ing when  you  stoop. 

The  Double  Knees  double  the  life  of  your  overall. 

The  White  Boatsail  drill  lasts  longer  than  any  other  color 
— no  dye  to  rot  the  cloth. 

AREN'T  THESE  ENOUGH  REASONS  WHY  YOU  TOO 

should  insist  on  your  merchant  ordering  you  a 
pair,  or  send  us  $2.25  for  a  pair  prepaid.  We'll 
return  your  money  if  for  any  reason,  you  don't 
like  them. 


Sherman  Overall  Mfg.  Co. 

SHERMAN,  TEXAS 
We  Make  Every  Pair  Make  Good 


How  many 

GOOD     WOODWORKERS 

are  there'  who  follow  good  advice? 

It  pays  us  to  make — - 
as  it  pays  them  to  ask 
for  the  best  Sandpapers 
by  their  brand-names: 

BEHR'S  Garnet  &  Brooklyn  Flint 

Your  dealer  will  be  glad  to  get  you  what  you  want 
HERMAN  BEHR  &  CO.,  INC. 

Brooklyn,   New  York 
1872— ^Makers  of  Good  Sandpaper  for  Fifty  Years — 1922 


TRADE-MARKED 


LUM 

and  TIM 


Long-Bell  timbers  are 
branded  on  one  end  by 
means  of  a  stencil. 


L»\3ell  Forked  Leaf 

**  oring  is  branded 

m"  licallyontheback 

11    asses  through  the 

"M  «*  machines.  The  brand  is  indented 


WHY  a  Name  On 
Lumber? 

The  Long-Bell  Lumber  Company  trade- 
marks its  lumber  and  lumber  products  for 
the  same  reason  the.  manufacturer  of  good 
merchandise  stamps  his  brand  on  his  shoes, 
or  hats,  or  plumbing,  or  labels  his  paint  or 
hardware. 

Trade-marked  goods  are  known  as  reliable 
merchandise.  The  manufacturer  of  a  good 
product  takes  pride  in  it  and  naturally  wants 
to  be  given  credit  for  the  goodness  he  builds 
into  it. 

The  Long-Bell  Lumber  Company  believes 
that  the  buyer  of  lumber  and  lumber  prod- 
ucts is  entitled  to  the  same  protection  that 
he  gets  on  other  merchandise — hence  the 
Long-Bell  brand  on  Long-Bell  products. 

The  TpnG-ReLt  T  umber  Clomp  ami 


R.A.LONC    DUILDLNC 


KANSAS     CITY.    MO- 


iSouthern  Pine  Lumber  and  Timbers;  Creosoted  Lumber, 

Timbers,   Posts,  Poles,  Ties,  Piling,  Wood  Blocks; 

California  White  Pine  Lumber;  Sashand  Doors, 

Standardized    Woodwork;   Gum   and 

Oak  Lumber;  Oak  Flooring. 


•Be 


jP^  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

J^HT|UeS5.000toS15,000orMGre--Yeirlv 

New,  uncrowded 
eld.  Architects 
and  general  con- 
tractors know  the 
American  Univer- 
sal and  prefer  its 
work.  They  pre- 
fer to  sublet  the 
fl  t  surfacing,  as  it 
-  a  big  business  in 
ish 

tc,  in  fact, 
etically    set 

iness.  Busi- 


Big   Building    Boom    is 
Here 

Building  is  starting  all  orer  the  conntiy.  There 
are  innumerable  opportunities  for  those  equipped  ta 
L^-ilr  :'--.  ~  :ri  ::'  :V  7  =  :::'- ;:..;.  7V_-;  A— eri:-az: 
TThiYersal  Machine  is  essential  to  hustlers.  Get  in  on 
:lo:    -~:_:_-   rl::r — -~r".    '.'-.    ~' ~  -'•-  -    --— , 

Re-Surface  Old  Floors 


a    Business    of 


The  American  Floor  Surfacing 
Machine  Co. 

Originators    of    Flcor    Surfacing    Machines 

:i:   S:.    St.    Civ:    Si-;:'.  To!;;:    Ohio.    U.    3.    A. 


Save  Time 
with 
Sargent  Framing  Squaii 

Don't  waste  valuable  time  figuring 
lengths  and  cuts  of  nip.  Taller,  jack! 
and  common  rafters.  All  tbe  neees- j 
sary  tables  are  right  on  the  Sargent  l! 
Framing  Square.  Simply  measure  audi 
read. 

Sargent  Framing   Squares   prevent! 
mistakes  too.     They  are  maoe  of  light 
grade  tool  steel  and  carefully  tested 
for  accuracy-     There  are  nine  finishes 
from  which  to  choose. 

The  Sargent  Steel  Square  Booklet 
containing  full  particulars  of  these 
and  other  Sargent  Squares  will  be 
sent  free  on  request. 


SARGENT  &  COMPANY 

»are  Manufacturers 

New  Haven.  Conn. 


H  arclv 

IS  Water  Street 


The  Sargent 

Auto=Set 
Bench  Plane 


The  cut 
ter  can  b 

removed,  whettc 

and   replaced   i"   " 

actlj     the    same    pes; 

tion    without    re-adjwt""1 


S :A  R OiE  N. Tj 


MILLERS  PALLS 

TOOLS 


*0*0a***z0*0mam*a0t0*mm^^*0* 


Millers  Falls 
Carpenters'  Tools 


FINE  workmanship  is  a  fine 
art     that     demands     fine 
tools.  Millers  Falls  Tools 
have  been   favorites   with   the 
best  carpenters  and  mechanics 
since  i( 


tools — workmanlike  tools. 

Two  generations  of  Yankee 
inventive  genius  and  patient 
skill  have  gone  to  the  making 
of  Millers  Falls  Tools,  with  a 
generous  allowance  of  New 
Should  you  visit  the  Millers  England  conscience  thrown  in 
Falls  factories  in  the  Berk-  for  Sood  measure, 
shire  Hills  of  New  England,  No  wonder  Millers  Falls  tools 
you  would  then  realize  why  are  good  tools — through  and 
Millers  Falls  tools  are  worthy      through. 

Write    us    for    the    Millers    Falls  ^Handbook    for 
Carpenters    and   Mechanics. 

MILLERS    FALLS    COMPANY,    Millers   Falls,   Mass. 


JERSEY 

■5  ^y  .-'  j-/  -=  -< 

Screen  Cloth 


raw*  J  ERSEYM*RI* 


Send    For   This   Book 

Frequently  you  are  called  upon  to  exercise  your 
judgment  in  regard  to  the  best  insect  screen 
cloth  for  window,  door,  or  porch  screens. 

Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  has  lasting  qualities 
greater  than  iron  or  steel  screen  cloth  and  un- 
like bronze  or  alloy  screen  cloth,  every  wire  is 
uniform  in  composition.  The  very  nature  of 
copper,  99.  Scc  pure,  of  which  Jersey  Copper 
Screen  Cloth  is  made  by  a  special  Roebling 
process  insures  this  as  well  as  strength  and  stiff- 
ness, hence  it  can  be  relied  upon  for  long  life. 

We  will  gladly  send  you  f*A  Matter  of  Health 
and  Comrort"'" — an  illustrated  booklet  which 
tells  in  detail  about  Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth. 
It  also  shows  the  importance  of  the  right  kind 
of  screens  to  use  as  a  health  measure  as  suggested 
by  the  United  States  Public  Health  Sendee.  It 
gives  the  Screen  Cloth  specified  by  various  de- 
partments of  the  Government  and  interesting 
information  which  you  can  use  to  your  advan- 
tage when  you  are  called  upon  for  recommen- 
dations. Jersey  Copper  Screen  Cloth  can  be 
recommended  unqualifiedly. 

Many  mercr.ir.ts  carry  it  ir.  stock :  if  you  cannot  obtain  it 
in  your  locality,  write  us  (main  office  given  below)  and 
we  will  inform  you  how  to  get  it.  Stores  ar.d  agencies 
in  many  cities.. 

The  New  Jersey  Wire  Cloth  Company 

618  South   Broad  Street 

New  Jersey 


Trenton 


M  O 


Are  You 

This  Carpenter? 


"Do  you  see  the  extra  thick- 
ness of  this  shingle  ?  It's  in 
the  felt  and  coating.  That's 
why  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles 
won't  curl  or  warp.  Their 
unusual  ruggedness  and  their 
octagon  shape  prevent  this. 

"I  have  laid  Ruberoid  Strip- 
shingles  on  your  roof  because 
I  know  you  wanted  the 
best.  Ruberoid  Shingles  are 
not  an  experi- 


backed  by  a  successful  record 
of  thirty  years." 

Thousands  of  carpenters  are 
telling  this  story  every  day  to 
their  customers.  They  know 
Ruberoid  Strip-shingles  per- 
manently satisfy.  There  is  a 
design  to  meet  every  artistic 
taste.  Write  for  the  Ruberoid 
Strip-shingle  booklet  that  illus- 
trates these  designs  in  colors. 
It  will  be  sent 


ment,  they  are         The  RUBEROID  Co.         upon  request. 


RU 


95  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 
Chicago  Boston 


©10 


IL 


SHINGLESand  roofing 


Real  Hardwood 

(plywood) 


WALLBOARD 


Standard  Sizes- 


thick. 


24"x60"  30"x60"  36"x60" 
24"x66"  30"'x66"  36"x66" 
24"x72"    30"x72'-    36"x72" 

We  carry  panels  as  thin  as 
3-32"  and  up  to  3-4" 


Write  for  Samples 
.  and  Price  List 


"Casco-made" — Waterproof 

for  interior  and  exterior  finish,  cab- 
inet work,  etc. 

In  Birch,  Mahogany,  Oregon  Fir,  Walnut, 
Plain  Oak,  Quartered  Oak,  Quartered  Wal- 
nut, Figured  Gum,  Unselected  Gum,  etc. 

Owing  to  our  enormous  production,  we  are 
able  to  quote  surprisingly  low  figures  on 
panels  for  immediate  shipment  from  our 
warehouse  stocks. 

These  panels  are  manufactured  with  the  wonderful 
"CASCO"  Waterproof  Glue,  used  by  the  United 
States  Army  and  Navy,  producing  a  panel  which 
is  impervious  to  heat  or  moisture. 

All  the  bulkheads,  partitions  and  door  panels  used  in 
re-Htting  the  U.  S.  S.  LEVIATHAN  are  of  "  Casco- 
made ' '  plywood  supplied  by  the  U.  S.  Plywood  Co.,  Inc. 


U.  S.  Plywood  Co.,  Inc. 

1  West  14th  Street,        New  York  City 


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Any  wide-awake  carpenter  can  make  big  money  taking  orders  for 
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show    how    Rite-Way    saves    hun 
dreds  of  dollars  on  new  buildings  or 
remodeling   jobs.      Handsomely    nickeled, 
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t* 


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ugths  2J  in.  to  15£  in. 


"I  had  a  job  of  driving  a  three-inch 
screw  that  I  simply  couldn't  set  up  by 
hand.  So  I  put  a  wrench  on  the  handle 
and  turned. 

"I  expected  to  see  the  handle  turn  on 
the  blade;  but  it  was  the  last  resort  and  I 
had  to  go  through  with  it.  The  handle 
stayed  put,  and  the  screw  went  in. 

"The  driver  was  in  just  as  good  shape 
when  I  got  through  with  it  as  before  I 
started.  It  was  a  'Yankee'!  I  remember 
what  the  makers  of  the  'Yankee'  Screw- 
drivers had  said — 

"  'The  blade  will  not  loosen  or  turn  in 
the  handle.'  A  'Yankee'  device  unites 
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temper.  It  is  a  thoroughly  reliable  tool 
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66 


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^ANKEE"T00LS 

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§ 


ROOFANdDECli 
CLOTH 


EEG.   V.    S.   PAT.    OFF. 

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Roofings.,  just  as  there  is  in 
metal  or  shingle  roofings. 

Bayonne  Roof  &  Deck  Cloth  is  a  reliable  canvas  roofing  that  is  practically  wear- 
proof and  is  guaranteed  waterproof.  It  is  an  ideal  covering  for  the  roofs  and 
floors  of  piazzas,  sleeping  porches,  sun  parlors,  etc. 

The  job  of  laying  it  is  a  clean  and  easy  one  because  unlike  other  canvas  roofings 
"BAYONNE"  does  not  require  a  white  lead  bedding  yet  lays  flat  and  stays  flat. 
Write  to  the  manufacturers  for  sample  book  "T" 

JOHN   BOYLE  &   CO.,   INC. 

112-114  ESTABLISHED— 1860  70-72 

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M  ^         W  A 

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you  can  confirm  by  writing  us. 

SOUTHERN  CYPRESS  MFRS. 
ASSOCIATION 

1252  Poydi-as  Building,   New  Orleans,   La.,  or 
1252    Graham    Bldg.,   Jacksonville,    Fla. 


SAVE 
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SAVI 

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The  best  method  of  splicing  tim- 
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SCHENK 

TIMBER ClAWPCORl 

-   Managed  Jbu  Cosmopolitan  Industries  Inc 

501  FIFTH  AVE.  KEW  YORJ 


Who  knows  best  how  a  tool  should  be  made? 
The  man  who  uses  it,  every  time! 

37  (°iu68of)  carpenters  say; 


THE  claws  on  the  Plumb  hammer 
are  bent  more  sharply  than  the 
claws  on  ordinary  hammers.  They  are 
set  closer  to  the  handles.  This  gives 
greater  leverage  and  pulls  the  nail  out 
farther. 

The  claws  are  shorter,  so  the  tips  will 
not  break.  The  split  of  the  claw  is 
shorter,  so  as  to  pull  a  light  nail  out 
farther  before  the  face  hits. 

Carpenters  suggested — and  carpenters 
approve- — these  improvements.  Work- 
ing tests  right  on  the  job — made  by  168 
good  mechanics  —  proved  that  Plumb 
hammers  pull  nails  better  and  easier 
than  any  other  hammers.  Just  one  of 
the  features  that  make  mechanics  say, 
"They're  worth  more." 

"The  Plumb  hammer  is  a  sure  nail  puller 
and  just  right  in  weight  and  balance,"  says 
Wm.  Holcomb,  1043  William  St.,  Bridge- 
port, Conn. 

If  you  don't  already  use  a  Plumb,  let 
your  hardware  dealer  sell  you  one. 
$1.50  (except  in  Far  West  and  in  Canada). 

You'll  like  Plumb  hatchets  and  Plumb 
files,  too. 

FAYETTE  R.  PLUMB,  Inc. 

Philadelphia       U.S.A.       St.  Louis 


DOUBLE    LIFE 

Hammers  Hatchets 
Files  Sledges  Axes 


•  •  The  claws  of  a 
Plumb  hammer 
pull  nails  better 
and  easier  than 
longer  claws 
with  less  curve.  ?  ? 


Claws  bent  sharply — give 
greater  leverage.  Short 
split  pulls  nails  out  farther. 


A  Letter 
Worth  Reading 


Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Inc. 
Gentlemen : 

A  fine  thing  happened  in  our  store  today 
that  I  felt  would  interest  anyone  in  these  days 
of  shoddy  things,  but  especially  your  company. 

-A  splendid  type  of  oldtime  tradesman,  a 
carpenter,  came  in  and  while  making  a  pur- 
chase placed  a  saw  on  the  counter.  Out  of 
curiosity  the  writer  picked  it  up,  and  the  old 
gentleman  remarked :  "I  bought  it  when  I 
learned  my  trade.  It  is  an  honest  tool,  and 
for  44  years  I  have  made  a,n  honest  living  with 
it.  When  I  hang  it  up  I  shall  have  finished 
my  work." 

It  was  your  saw,  a  Disston  Xo.  12,  and  the 
finest  tribute  I  ever  heard. 

(Signed)      RAYMOND  F.   SHAW. 


This  is  Mr.  A.  X. 
Koehlcr,  of  Leb- 
anon, Pa.,  using 
the  Disston  Saw 
mentioned  in  the 
letter. 


After  reading  this  letter,  don't  you  feel  as  we  do- 


That  it  is  one  of  the  most 
sincere  tributes  ever  given 
to  a  good  tool,  and  that  it 
must  have  come  from  one 
of  the  "grand  old  men"  of 
the  trade? 


That,  in  this  letter,  there  is 
a  more  powerful  reason 
for  your  using  Disston 
saws  than  we  could  ever 
write  in  an  advertise- 
ment ? 


Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Inc. 

Philadelphia 

U.  S.  A. 


DISST 

SAWS    TOOLS    FILES 


Entered  July  22, 191 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 

Acceptance  for  mailinz  at  snecial   rate  of  Dostaze  nrovided  for  in    Section   1103,   act   of 
October  3.  1917.  authorized  on  July  S.  191S. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

.-inri  Joiners  of  America,  nr 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established   in    1SS1 
Vol.   XTJI — No.   (» 


INDIANAPOLIS,  JUNE,   1922 


One  Dollar  Per   Year 
Ten   Cents   n    Copy 


m^ammmms^mmmm  >s*;  :m:..  mmmmmmmmmmmMmmwmmmmmm 


ra 

i 

1 

i 
I 

i 

V 

i 

V 

i 

» 

i 
i 

1 

V 

I 

ra 

I 

ra 

i 
1 
1 

I 

i 
» 

i 


jKeep  Scrappin' 

When  you're  sick'as  the  deuce,  and  you  think,  "what's 

.  the  use?" 
And  you're  tired  out,  discouraged,  afraid; 
And  you  keep  asking  why  they  don't  let  you  die 
A.nd  forget  the  mistakes  you  have  made; 
When  you're  chuck  full  of  pain  and  you're  tired  of  the 

game, 
And  you  want  to  get  out  of  it  all — 
That's  the  time  to  begin  to  stick  out  four  chin 
And  fight  with  your  back  to  the  wall! 

When  you've  done  all  you  can  to  scrap  like  a  man, 

But  you  can't  keep  your  head  up  much  more; 

And  the  end  of  the  bout  leaves  you  all  down  and  out, 

Bleeding,  and  reeling,  and  sore; 

When  you've  prayed  all  along  for  the  sound  of  the  gong 

To  ring  for  the  fight  to  stop — 

Just  keep  on  your  feet  and  smile  at  defeat; 

That's  the  real  way  to  come  out  on  top! 

When  you're  tired  of  hard  knocks  and  you're  right  on 

the  rocks, 
And  nobody  lends  you  a  hand; 

When  none  of  your  schemes,  the  best  of  your  dreams 
Turn  out  in  the  way  you'd  planned; 

And  you've  lost  all  your  grit  and  you're  ready  to  quit, 
For  Life's  just  a  failure  for  you, 
Why,  start  in  again  and  see  if  all  men 
Don't  call  you  a  MAN  through  and  through! 

— Esty  Quinn,  in  "Progress." 


vase  :m<  :&&  yap.  ;*er  :<&\  :s»i<  :*♦>:  :*♦>*  ;•:♦>:  :mt.  sas*:  m®.  %m.  %m.  :**•*;  :««• :  :&«* 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


ADDRESS  OF  REV.  Q.  S.  LACKLAND  AT  FORTY=FIRST  ANNUAL  CONVENTION 
OF  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR 


ployruent. 
ten    years 


BELIEVE  I  speak  the 
truth  when  I  say  to  you 
that  there  is  a  new  day 
dawning  in  this  darkness 
of  the  open  shop  fight  and 
the  uncertainty  of  em- 
Do  you  know  that  in  the  last 
the  Protestant  churches  of 
America,  and  I  believe  the  Catholic- 
church  and  the  Jewish  church,  have  put 
into  the  course  of  study  in  the  semin- 
aries more  of  the  Christian  ideals? 

Men  have  said  to  me:  "Where  in  the 
world  do  the  younger  preachers  get  all 
of  these  radical  ideas?"'  I  do  not  say  we 
get  them  in  the  labor  circles,  but  I  say 
that  we  get  out  radical  ideals — if  you 
want  to  call  them  that,  we  call  them 
Christian  ideals  —  from  the  course  of 
study  in  the  seminaries.  We  found  that 
we  would  either  have  to  be  hypocrites 
when  we  stood  in  the  pulpits  or  we 
would  preach  the  doctrine  of  common 
humanity. 

You  will  find  that  in  the  great  finan- 
cial journals  there  is  a  dualism  in  the 
editorials.  One  is,  "deflate  labor,"  the 
other  is,  "increase  the  salaries  of  preach- 
ers." And  there  is  a  reason,  as  Post 
says.  They  say:  "These  preachers  have 
been  starved,  but  if  they  are  fed  up  and 
fattened  they  will  forget  the  troubles 
of  the  people  with  whom  they  associate." 
They  evidently  have  forgotten  that  'while 
their  conscience  may  be  in  the  region  of 
the  digestive  organs,  the  conscience  of 
the  preacher  is   in  his  heart. 

We  wanted  to  start  an  open  forum  in 
Denver,  so  we  went  out  and  got  the 
American  Legion,  the  teachers,  the 
clubs,  the  mayor  and  others  to  help  us. 
Then  we  wanted  labor  to  help  us,  and  as 
I  was  a  young  and  green  hand  they  sent 
me  to  get  labor.  I  went  and  knocked  on 
the  door  of  the  hall  and  the  man  on 
guard  asked  who  I  was.  I  told  him.  and 
before  he  quite  closed  the  door  I  heard 
him  say:  "Mr.  President,  there  is  a 
blankety  preacher  out  here  who  wants 
to  talk."  The  President  said  something 
about  blankety  blank  preachers.  Then 
a  son  of  Erin  up  and  said.  "Mr.  Presi- 
dent, yez  haven't  been  to  church  for 
seven  years.  Yez  need  all  the  religion 
you  cr.n  get,  and  I  move  that  we  hear 


this  preacher  for  the  good  of  the  Presi- 
dent." 

Since  that  day  I  have  been  no  stranger 
in  labor  halls  and  I  have  said  to  preach- 
ers that  if  they  would  go  in  and  asked 
to  be  heard  they  would  be  listened  to. 

I  want  to  point  out  to  your  attention 
three  or  four  facts.  One  man  said  to  me 
once:  "I  will  never  darken  the  doors  of 
a  church."  I  asked  him  why  he  would 
not  and  he  said:  "Because  you  are 
against  the  common  people."  In  1908 
the  Federal  Council  of  Churches  adopt- 
ed this — which  I  read  to  the  man,  who 
seemed  to  be  something  of  a  socialist — 
"We  stand  for  the  highest  possible  wage 
that  industry  can  afford  and  for  the 
most  equitable  division  of  the  product 
of  labor  that  can  ultimately  be  divided." 

The  man  jumped  out  of  his  chair  and 
said:  "You  are  lying  to  me."  I  showed 
it  to  him  in  the  document  and  he  said: 
"Why,  in  the  name  of  God,  don't  you  go 
up  and  down  the  land  telling  the  people 
the  church  stands  for  that  thing?"  And 
that  is  what  I  have  been  trying  to  do 
ever  since. 

I  want  to  remind  you  that  when  the 
Government  started  the  steel  investiga- 
tion and  then  let  it  rather  peter  out,  the 
churches  started  an  investigation,  and 
they  made  a  mistake,  the  mistake  of 
selecting  Bishop  McConnell,  then  oi 
Denver,  on  the  committee.  They  took 
him  from  Denver  and  put  him  over  ir 
Pittsburgh.  Some  of  the  steel  men  came 
to  him  and  said  he  had  made  a  mistake 
in  getting  out  the  report.  Bishop  .Mc- 
Connell asked  what  was  the  matter  witl 
the  report  and  one  man  said:  "I  paj 
my  common  labor  $4.40  a  day."  Tb( 
Bishop  said:  "No  j*ou  do  yourself  ai 
injustice,  you  pay  $4.60  a  day."  H< 
knew  more  about  the  situation  than  th< 
steel  men  themselves. 

Wherever  Bishop  McConnell  is  goin? 
young  preachers  are  saying  the  thing 
they  believe  to  be  right.  We  talke* 
during  the  war  about  how  Catholics  for 
got  they  were  Catholics.  Protestant! 
forgot  they  were  Protestants  and  Jew 
forgot  they  -were  Jews.  Listen !  Tb> 
only  time  since  the  Man  of  Galilee  cam 


THE    CARPENTER 


15 


to  this  earth  that  I  know  anything  about 
that  those  three  churches  came  together 
to  act  was  right  here  in  Denver  last  fall, 
when  a  group  of  men  was  brought 
in  during  the  tramway  strike  and 
before  they  left  fifty-seven  people 
had  been  shot.  The  Catholics,  the 
Protestants  and  the  Jews  came  to- 
gether up  here  in  the  library  one  night 
ind  said  they  were  going  to  act,  and 
they  appointed  a  committee  of  nine. 
Ihey  called  in  the  Catholic  Welfare 
Council,  they  called  in  the  Federal  Coun- 
cil of  Churches  and  investigated  the 
strike.  It  is  true  the  investigation  has 
mng  over  until  some  of  us  are  provoked 
'tbout  it,  but  it  will  be  made. 

Do  you  know  what  I  think  is  going 
o  win  the  fight  for  labor,  Mr.  Chair- 
nan?  I  think  their  dense  ignorance  will 
•ventually  win  the  strike  for  labor.  Let 
ne  give  you  an  example.  When  that 
listinguished  committee  came  here  to 
nvestigate  the  tramway  strike,  they 
aid  they  wanted  to  get  into  the  homes 
nd  find  out  the  actual  facts  of  the  effect 
>f  the  strike.  Then  the  committee  went 
o  the  headquarters  of  the  tramway 
,  ompany  and  the  manager  put  down  a 
vritten  document  and  said:  "You  made 
speech  to  those  men  this  morning  and 
his  is  what  you  said."  He  was  asked 
;ow  he  knew  what  was  said  and  replied 
hat  he  had  men  in  the  union  "who  get 
his  for  us." 

They  looked  at  the  document  which 

tailed  off,  "Dear  Comrades."     Dr.  De- 

ine,    the    editor    of    The    Survey,    and 

'ather  Ryan,,   of  the   Catholic   Church, 

x>ked  those  men   squarely   in  the  face 

nd  said:    "Gentlemen,  we  said  nothing 

f  the  kind.     That  is  libel." 

That  company  had  a  copy  of  the  state- 

lents  of  those  men  on  the  desk  of  the 

overnor,    the    mayor    and    of    Colonel 

;allou,   the   commander   of   the    troops, 

iat  afternoon.      They  were  foolish.    If 

iey   started  in,   they   should   not   have 

rarted  in  on  such  fellows  as  Devine  and 

van. 

Last  spring  the  Young  Women's 
hristian  Association  stood  up  and  said : 
We  belong  to  the  church,  we  believe  in 
hristianity,  we  are  going  to  fight  for 
ie  working  girls  of  America,  with  love 
i  our  hearts  and  in  the  same  spirit  the 
lurch  is  doing."  They  had  a  Conven- 
on,  and  when  this  matter  was  dis- 
issed,  up  got  Mrs.  Finley  Sheppard 
id  said:    "Young  ladies,  if  you  adopt 


this  report  in  favor  of  industrial  justice: 
if  you  take  religion  down  from  the  clouds 
and  put  it  in  the  factories,  not  another 
dollar  for  you."  And  they  shook  hands 
very  cordially  with  Mrs.  Finley  Shep- 
pard and  told  her  to  take  her  little  play- 
things and  go  home. 

They  say  we  have  no  business  to  go 
into  the  factories,  that  it  is  our  business,- 
to  preach  the  Gospel;  that  after  awhile 
we  will  get  to  Heaven,  but  "let  us  do  the 
business."  Possibly  it  isn't  the  business 
of  the  church  to  talk  about  hours  and 
working  conditions,  but  when  those 
things  affect  life  we  will  speak. 

I  find  that  in  1891  the  average  work- 
ing man  in  industry  lived  to  be  38  years 
of  age.  After  ten  years  of  struggle,  in 
1911,  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
by  giving  better  conditions  in  industry 
had  lengthened  the  average  life  of  work- 
ing men  in  industry  from  38  years  to 
48  years.  With  such  a  result  before  us 
I  say  I  am  for  labor  organizations  and 
any  organization  that  will  do  that. 

Last  year  three  hundred  thousand  ba- 
bies under  five  years  of  age  died.  An 
expert  has  been  at  work  and  he  says 
that  where  a  man  is  getting  a  living 
wage  a  quarter  of  the  children  die  that 
die  where  there  is  not  a  living  wage. 
Three-quarters  of  those  children  last 
year  died  in  places  where  the  open  shop 
prevails  and  where  they  have  the  grand 
"American  plan." 

I  am  a  preacher  of  the  Gospel.  I 
stand  at  the  bedside  of  mothers  and 
children.  The  saddest  funeral  I  ever 
conduct  is  the  funeral  of  a  little  baby 
whose  parents  stand  beside  the  casket 
and  say:  "How  can  a  God  of  love  stand 
for  this?"  I  say  it  is  not  a  God  of  love 
but  the  industrial  conditions  that  make 
240,000  of  those  funerals.  If  the  pulpit 
pleaded  for  the  women  and  children  of 
Belgium,  I  say  in  God's  name  let  us 
plead  for  the  women  and  children  of 
America ! 

In  the  name  of  Christ  who  gave  his 
life  rather  than  compromise  humanity, 
in  the  name  of  the  man  who  went  down 
under  the  greed  of  Caesar  rather  than 
sell  his  soul,  we  offer  you  the  hand  of 
fellowship  and  promise  you  that  within 
a  few  years  the  church  of  the  living  God, 
as  its  originator  was,  will  be  shoulder 
to  shoulder  with  you.  and  then  the  trait- 
orous profiteers  of  America  will  be 
doomed. 


16 


THE     CARPENTER 


MAKING   A  NEW  WORLD   BY   COOPERATIVE   PRODUCTION 

(By  Albert  F.  Coyle.  i 


O  much  has  been  written 
in  this  country  about  con- 
sumers' co-operatives  that 
we  are  prone  to  overlook 
the  remarkable  achieve- 
ments of  workers  co-op- 
erative productive  societies,  both  here 
and  abroad.  We  are.  of  course,  fa- 
miliar with  the  success  attained  by 
American  farmers  in  co-operative  pro- 
duction. The  census  of  1920  shows 
that  the  products  of  over  one-half 
million  farms  valued  above  one  billion 
dollars  are  handled  co-operatively.  In- 
deed, throughout  the  middle  west,  the 
most  thriving  forms  of  co-operation  are 
the  producers'  dairies,  creameries,  cheese 
factories,  elevators,  flour  mills,  and  meat 
packing  plants.  While  not  discounting 
the  value  of  consumers'  co-operation,  the 
farmer-producer  has  learned  by  years 
of  hard  experience  that  it  is  more  im- 
portant for  him  to  unite  co-operatively 
to  get  a  fair  price  for  the  products  he  has 
to  sell  than  it  is  to  effect  a  small  saving 
in  the  goods  he  needs  to  buy. 

The  workers  of  Europe  are  looking 
more  and  more  to  productive  co-opera- 
tion as  the  basis  for  a  just  and  stable 
economic  order.  Decent  men  are  sick 
and  tired  of  a  system  in  which  the  sole 
motive  for  production  and  distribution 
is  greed  for  private  profits.  They  see  all 
around  them  the  social  havoc  wrought 
by  running  the  dusty  "to  make  money"* 
rather  than  to  serve  the  needs  of  their 
fellow  men.  Even  the  dullest  worker  is 
prodded  out  of  his  indifference  in  times 
of  industrial  depression,  when  he  has  no 
work  and  his  family  has  no  bread  be- 
cause the  men  who  own  the  jobs  close 
their  factories  until  the  need  for  goods 
is  so  acute  that  society  will  again  pay 
them  the  profits  they  demand. 

These  are  the  reasons  why  the  work- 
ers of  Europe  today  are  determined  to 
build  a  new  world  in  which  service  and 
not  greed  is  the  main- spring  of  human 
action,  in  which  gain  without  labor  shall 
no  longer  exist.  This  is  the  reason  why 
American  workers  are  taking  a  new  in- 
terest in  the  possibilities  of  co-operative 
production  and  are  steadily  increasing 
the  number  of  successful  producers' 
co-operatives.  It  is  the  basis  of  the 
by  the  two  and  one-half  million  Ameri- 
can railroad  employes.  It  is  the  essence  of 
railroad  employes.     It  is  the  essence  of 


t  ra 


the  proposal  of  the  COO. 000  United  Mini 
Workers  to  end  anarchy  in  the  coal  in 
dustry  ■  forever  by  operating  the  mine 
of  the  country  for  service  and  not  fo 
profit.  The  men  who  do  the  work  o 
the  world  are  demanding  not  only  : 
just  wage  and  decent  security  of  em 
ployment :  they  are  demanding  that  de 
mocracy  be  applied  to  industry  as  we' 
as  to  government,  that  they  have  a  voio 
in  the  direction  of  the  enterprise 
which  they  have  invested  all  that  the 
are  and  have — their  labor  and  the: 
lives. 

The  supreme  interest  of  men  in  lit 
is  not  measured  by  what  they  consunn 
but  by  what  they  produce.      As  a  coi 
suiner.  man  is  on  a  level  with  all  oth< 
forms   of  animal  life.      Like  the  pig 
the    trough,    he    can    only    consume    s 
much    and    then    he    is    through.      As 
producer,  man  exercises  the  highest  ts 
ents   intrusted   to   him  by   his    Make 
the  creative  instinct,  the  desire  to 
duce.     This  is  what  differentiates  a  inn 
from  brutedom.     It  has  been  his  erowi 
ing  glory  in  all  ages.     It  is  the  basis  < 
civilization,  of  art.  of  religion,  of  all  th: 
has  enriched  and  inspired  the  life  of  tl 
human    race.       Valuable    as    consiinn-i 
co-operation  is  in  reducing  the  cost 
the  physical  aud  material  needs  of  lit 
it  is  restricted  and  conditioned  on  eve: 
side    by    the    material   limitations    up< 
man  as  a  consumer.      Its  ultimate  go 
is  a  social  order  in  which  production  ai 
distribution    would    be    controlled    by 
gigantic  consumers'  trust  dominating  : 
industries   and   determining  what  goo 
should  be  made  and  who   should  ina 
them.     The  aim  of  producers'  co-oper 
tion  is  to  give  control  of  the  industri 
and  professions  to  the  men  who  actual 
do  the  work,  who  know  better  than  an 
one  else  how  to  operate  them  efficient 
and  whose  purpose  is  not  merely  to  tu 
out  the  cheapest  possible  product  for  t 
consumer,   but  the  creation   of  the  b. 
and  finest  product  that  human  ingenir 
and  devotion  can  devise.     Just  as  m 
find  their  souls  not  in  what  they  eat,  1: 
in  what  they  create,,  so  "will  men  find  v 
long   sought   era   of  brotherhood  not  ' 
saving   pennies   on   their   purchases.  1 
in  the  dedication  of  their  highest  abilit  i 
to    the    satisfaction    of    the    wants    a  I 
needs  of  their  fellow  men.   This  is  '-' 
essence  of  producers'   co-operation. 


THE     CARPEXTEK 


17 


In   England  and   Wales   there  are  al- 
ready 01  thriving  producer'  co-operative 
societies    with    over    25,000    members,    a 
share    capital     (raised    by    tbe    workers 
themselves)    exceeding    $4,000,000,    and 
;,n  annual  tra<]<>  of  $20,000,000.      These 
producers'    co-operalives    fall    into    rive 
main    groups:    Textile    mills,    boot    and 
shoe  factories,   the  metal  trades,   wood- 
work   and     building     construction,     and 
printing    establishments.       Their    report 
:or  1021  shows  that  after  paying  $86,- 
F85.60  as  interest  on  the  capital  hired, 
hey    refunded    to    purchasers    of    their 
•onds  $497,454,  contributed  $26,258  to 
•harities   and   social   improvement    $44,- 
>00    for    educational    purposes,    and    di- 
ided     $200,000     among     the     workers 
hemselves  as   their  co-operatives   share 
a  excess  of  union  wages.     The  workers 
:i  every  co-operative  productive  society 
i  Britain  are   required   to   be   members 
f  their  respective  trade  unions.     Indeed, 
uousands  of  dollars  of  trade  union  funds 
re  invested  in  these  co-operatives.     The 
•ade  union   itself  is   in   some  cases   di- 
?ctly  represented  on   the  committee   of 
lanagement.      Thus,    the    workers    not 
:ily    own    their    own    jobs    and    assure 
lemselves  of  a  standard  wage  for  their 
'ade.    but    share    with    the    consumers 
•onomies  of  production  and  savings  or 


"profits"    in    !'.:e   operation   of  the  busi- 
ness. 

The  French  "Workers  Productive  Asso- 
ciations, according  to  their  1921  report, 
are  steadily  growing  and  expanding  into 
new  fields.  Their  record  shows  a  stab- 
ility and  length  of  life  than  either  pri- 
vate enterprises  or  consumers  associa- 
tions, Of  the  215  workers'  productive 
societies  existing  in  1008,  over  one-half 
are  still  in  business,  despite  the  indus- 
trial havoc  caused  by  the  war.  One  of 
the  stongest  forms  of  producers'  asso- 
ciations in  France  is  found  in  the  print- 
ing industry.  Although  many  of  the 
co-operative  printing  plants  lost  all  but 
their  oldest  members  in  the  war  and 
were  handicapped  by  the  dearth  of  paper 
and  type  meial,  yet  only  four  of  those 
associations  existing  in  1908  were  not 
successfully  operating  in   1921. 

To  the  Italian  workers,  however,  be- 
longs the  credit  for  the  greatest  achieve- 
ments in  co-operative  production.  There 
the  producers  own  farms  and  ships  and 
factories.  They  have  constructed  co- 
operatively and  now  operate  a  successful 
railroad.  They  are  now  building  a  great 
canal  to  connect  Milan,  the  capital  of 
Bombardy,  with  the  river  Po,  providing 
a  valuable  outlet  to  the  Adriatic  Sea. 


CRAFT  PROBLEMS 

(By  Rowland  Hill.) 


^     g  REATER  interest  is  being 
{m>jJt*^>    taken  in  this  subject  than 
B^Vv^W^    ever  we  have  noticed  be- 
fore, and  this  is  due  to  the 
excellent     a  n  d     practical 
articles      that      are      con- 
buted    by     practical     mechanics    who 
ep   within   the   bounds    and    limits    of 
ustant     requirements.       "Craft     Prob- 
es"  is   an   absorbing   continued    story 
the  peppy   mechanic   desiring   to  be- 
'  ne  wise  to  the  tricks  of  his  trade. 
These  problems  prove  that  there  is  no 
ily    way"    to    solve    them,    as    several 
'  ys  are  indicated  for  each,  and  many 
1  "pouters  will  remark,    "I  have  a  sys- 
(lQ    of    my    own."      Now.    they    do    not 
'an  that  they  originated  anything,  but 
t  t  they  have  caught  a  point  from  this 
I  1  that   solution   of   problems,    a   point 
tm  Van  Gaasbeek,  another  from  Stod- 
«•  d,    Hodges,    Hicks    and    other    noted 
J  'pis,    these    are    carefully    cultivated 
■ !  what  they  lack  in   sequence  is   re- 
1"  1  in    determination   to   try   it   out   in 


actual  practice.  This  class  of  carpenters 
is  increasing  daily  and  are  digesting 
"Craft  Problems."  If  a  mason  can  lay 
two  bricks  right,  he  can  lay  a  thousand 
right,  but  the  carpenter  can't  fit  into 
that  arrangement  very  often  with  a  sys- 
tem "all  his  own."  We  must  creep  first, 
these  problems  will  strengthen  and  give 
us  a  balance,  thus  we  will  be  able  to  see 
the  solution  from  the  other  fellow's 
viewpoint. 

We  have  looked  over  and  studied 
many  works  on  the  subject  of  roof  fram- 
ing, one  dated  back  to  1845  (German) 
and  ending  with  Prof.  Gaasbeek  in  "The 
Carpenter,"  and  the  great  fault  of  it  all, 
the  main  reason  for  such  a  general 
building  of  "I  have  a  system  of  my 
own."  is  caused  through  a  lack  of 
standardization  of  framing  principles. 

This  art  should  be  standardized  on 
practical  working  principles,  eliminating 
this  "Tower  of  Babel"  potporri  of  fancy 
stuff  that  confuses  us  into  ignorance, 
because   from    the.™    we   build  a   system 


18 


THE    CARPENTER 


"of  my  own"  that  always  fails  in  the 
pinch. 

Why,  we  have  got  to  that  point  where 
some  of  these  "all  my  own"  brothers 
tell  you  how  to  get  all  framing  cuts, 
bevels,  etc.,  from  the  shadow  cast  by 
the  sun,  another,  how  to  do  it  with  a 
2  ft.  rule,  another,  with  a  pair  of  di- 
viders, etc. 

Just  slip  one  of  these  fellows  a  plan 
right  quick  and  stick  close  by  him  to 
see  the  performance  and  he'll  blow  up, 
"too  much  yeast  in  it."  Among  the 
"showers  of  blessings"  that  we  have  in- 
herited in  our  glorious  Brotherhood  we 
suggest  for  posterities  sake  (our  craft) 
that  the  matter  of  standardizing  the  art 
of  roof  framing  be  considered  for  the 
good  of  the  Order. 

We  have  the  talent  within  our  ranks, 
and  we  have  a  Printing  Plant,  and  in 
the  near  future  a  half  million  union 
brains  will  comprehend,  and  hearts  will 
bless  the  day  when  we  get  a  system,  not 
"my  own"  but  "our  own"  and  union 
made. 


We  have  gotten  too  far  away  from  the 
steel  square,  so  far  indeed,  that  the 
square  makers  are  ashamed  to  put  the 
old  pattern  on  the  market,  but  hand  you 
a  monstrosity  with  a  maze  of  figures 
that  would  bewilder  an  expert  astron- 
omer, what  they  lack  in  usefulness  they 
add  in  weight,  soft  steel,  cams,  screws 
and  worthlessness,  each  maker  has  a 
"system  all  his  own"  without  a  Union 
Label. 

The  crying  need  of  the  hour  is  for  a 
standard  steel  square.  As  a  common 
buck  private  we  would  suggest  a  much 
lighter  weight  tool  with  no  other  mark- 
ings than  inches  and  twelfths  on  blade 
and  tongue,  both  sides,  this  would  be  a 
framing  square.  With  this  standard  tool 
we  would  all  talk  the  same  framing 
language.  Craft  problems  would  be- 
come gospel  information  with  an  ele- 
vating tendency. 

A  standard  system  with  standard 
tools  would  raise  the  standard  from 
about  1  per  cent  to  at  least  50  per  cent 
of  competent  roof  framers. 


ADDRESS  OF   GEO.  L.  BERRY,   REPRESENTING  THE  A.   F.   OF  L.   TO  THI 
CONVENTION  OF  AMERICAN  LEGION,  HELD  AT  KANSAS  CITY,  KAS. 


T  the  last  Convention  of 
the  American  Legion,  held 
in  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  Geo. 
L.  Berry,  representing  the 
A.  F.  of  L.,  spoke  as  fol- 
lows: 

"I  have  the  honor  and  the  privilege  of 
bringing  to  this  Convention  the  felicita- 
tions of  the  American  Federation  of  La- 
bor, decided  upon  at  the  Convention  of 
that  organization  in  the  city  of  Denver 
last  June.  I  assure  you  that  the  feeling 
of  good  wishes  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  comes  with  a  unanimous 
action  of  that  Convention.  It  was  the 
result  of  the  magnificent  address  de- 
livered to  that  Convention  by  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  American  Legion,  Mr. 
Owsley,  of  the  Americanism  Commission 
of  this  body. 

"There  is  very  little  difference,  fun- 
damentally, in  the  purposes  of  these  two 
great  American  organizations,  and  there 
is  a  basis  upon  which  these  two  organ- 
izations, at  least  legislatively,  can  act  in 
unison  for  the  common  good  of  the  citi- 
zens of  America.  Fundamentally  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor  and  the 
American  Legion  stand  for  the  conser- 
vation of  the  Constitution  of  the  United 


States    and    the    protection    of    the    Re- 
public that  we  love  equally  well. 

"The  American  Federation  of  Labor 
and  the  American  Legion  stand  opposed 
to  the  introduction  in  the  affairs  of  our 
country  of  a  system  of  government  that 
has  been  found  to  be  a  failure,  a  system 
of  government  in  contravention  to  every 
ideal  of  Americanism,  and  we  are  a  unil 
not  by  word  but  by  action  in  oppositior 
to  the  introduction  in  the  Republic  ol 
the  United  States  of  sovietism  or  bolshe- 
vism. 

"Let  me  say  to  you,  gentlemen  of  this 
Convention,  that  there  is  no  policy  tha 
appeals  more  strongly  to  the  workini 
men  and  women  of  America  than  tha 
policy  exemplified  in  the  aggressive  an< 
progressive  policy  of  Americanism  a: 
conducted  by  the  American  Legion. 

"We  feel,  we  know  that  we  have  i' 
our  organizations  men  and  women  wh  .-. 
are  no  credit  to  either  one  of  us,  but  i 
is  impossible  to  expect  the  organizatioi 
of  men,  human  beings,  to  be  free  frori 
the  sordid  men  who  are  out  to  disrup 
and  break  down  the  organizations  a 
represented,  like  the  Legion  and  the  Fed 
eration.  But  there  are  a  sufficient  num 
ber  of  constructive,  patriotic  men  in  bot 


THE    CARPENTER 


19 


organizations  to  overcome  the  obstacles 
and  meddling  outsiders,  their  action  to 
the  contrary  notwithstanding.  And 
when  I  say  to  you  that  the  Convention 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  has 
sent  to  this  Convention  a  representative 
by  unanimous  indorsement  of  the  Con- 
vention in  Denver  you  can  better  realize 
the  genuiness  and  sincerity  of  the  men 
and  women  who  toil  in  this  country  as 
regards  their  feeling  toward  the  Ameri- 
can Legion. 

"I  am  happy  in  the  fact  that  this 
splendid  contact  has  been  made  be- 
tween these  two  great  organizations,  be- 
cause, gentlemen,  this  Convention  proves 
the  growth  of  the  membership  of  the 
Legion  and  indicates  that  we  have  not 
been  led  nor  do  we  believe  that  our  du- 
ties ended  on  the  11th  day  of  November. 
"There  has  never  come  to  organiza- 
tions such  response  for  statesmanship, 
l  both  political  and  industrial,  as  is  upon 
[the  shoulders  of  the  members  of  the 
American  Legion.  The  federation,  leg- 
islative and  non-partisan  as  it  is,  stands 
*eady  to  support  the  American  Legion 
n  its  legislative  aspirations  that  we  be- 
ieve  are  right,  the  politicians  to  the 
'ontrary  notwithstanding. 

"Of  course,  it  is  to  be  expected  that 

he  Federation  will  attract  greater  criti- 

ism  than  will  the  American  Legion,  be- 

ause  the  Federation,  in  addition  to  be- 

:ig  a  legislative   organization,    is    made 

P  of  international  unions  that  are  eco- 

omical  fundamentally  and  in  many  in- 

tances  exclusively,  and  when  the  ques- 

ion  of  wages  and  our  open-shop  condi- 

ons  are  to  be  considered  there  is  usually 

Jine   degree    of    controversy ;    but    this, 

entlemen,    should   be    known    with    re- 

>eet   to   the   position   of   the  American 

•'deration  of  Labor,  that  we  stand  for 

illective  bargaining  arrived  at  by  con- 

liation,   and  if  that  fails,   by   arbitra- 

i)ii ;  we  are  prepared,  as  the  labor  move- 

ent   of   America,    to    accept   the    facts 

olving  out  of  the  differences  that  arise 

;  'tween  the  employer  organizations  and 

|  e  employe  organizations  of  this  coun- 

y.    What  more  could  be  expected? 

"We  have  said,  and  I  believe  properly 

I,. that  the  cost  of  living  should  not  be 

|e    determining    factor    in    the    adjust- 

?nt  of  wages.     We  believe  that  the  in- 

strial    conditions,    the    physical    rela- 

l>nship  of  the   industry,    should    deter- 

ne  wages  and  not  the  fluctuation   in 

<  3  price  of  a  potato.     We  believe  it  un- 

;  r  that  wages  should  be  determined  by 


the  rise  or  the  fall  of  the  cost  of  living, 
but  in  this  we  stand  for  the  arbitration 
of  those  issues  by  the  facts  involved  in 
the  controversy  and  in  the  industry  af- 
fected. What  more  can  be  expected? 
But  unfortunately  there  has  grown  up 
in  America,  and  to  some  extent  in  all  of 
the  other  countries  of  the  world,  a  cus- 
tom that  we  were  pleased  to  call  during 
the  Great  War  'direct  action.' 

"It  is  true  that  there  were  organiza- 
tions of  labor,  outlaw  in  the  majority 
of  instances,  that  took  direct  action  to 
force  conditions  not  justified  by  the  facts 
involved  in  the  controversy  that  we  style 
direct  action.  We  are  opposed  to  direct 
action. 

"We  stand  for  the  determination  of 
the  affairs  between  men  of  labor  and 
men  of  the  employers'  organizations  by 
the  arbitration  and  the  determination 
of  those  issue  by  fact.  I  am  opposed 
to  the  use  of  circumstantial  advantage, 
whether  it  comes  from  the  employer  or- 
ganization or  whether  it  comes  from  the 
employe  organization,  to  force  home  by 
a  condition  of  plenty  or  by  a  condition 
of  poverty  a  condition — working  condi- 
tion or  industrial  condition — that  it  not 
founded  upon  the  truth. 

"We  stand  for  the  continuation  of  in- 
dustry uninterrupted,  and  propose  to  ex- 
ercise the  instrument  of  strike  as  the 
very  last  resort,  and  to  you  gentlemen, 
to  the  fair-minded  citizenship  of  Amer- 
ica, there  rests  upon  your  shoulders  the 
fight  to  establish  the  truth,  to  maintain 
justice,  to  be  sure  that  when  you  attack 
one  for  an  industrial  controversy  you  at- 
tack the  right  party.  It  is  not  always 
the  man  that  cries  'thief  the  loudest  that 
is  the  most  innocent  man  in  the  congre- 
gation. 

"I  make  this  observation  without  fear 
of  contradiction,  that  the  majority  of 
industrial  conflicts  result  from  the  re- 
fusal of  one  side  or  the  other  to  abide  by 
facts.  The  trade-union  movement  of 
this  country  cannot  escape  the  obliga- 
tion that  they  owe  the  industry.  They 
can't  expect  to  receive  from  it  more  than 
they  assist  in  putting  into  it.  And  if 
it  is  not  there  to  be  had,  then  it  is  their 
duty  to  meet  that  condition  in  a  states- 
manlike manner,  and  it  is  the  duty  of 
the  employer  organizations  to  make 
known  the  facts  to  their  fellows  in  in- 
dustrial pursuits.  That  is  the  thing; 
that  is  the  situation;  that  is  the  work 
that  is  upon  the  shoulders  of  every 
American  citizen  who  believes  genuinely 


20 


T  II  E     CARPENTER 


in  America.  My  friends,  disabuse  your 
minds  of  the  fact  of  the  statements  that 
hare  gone  abroad  that  the  trade- union 
movement  has  closed  its  eyes  to  read- 
justment. The  man  who  closes  his  eyes 
to  industrial  readjustment,  whether  it 
is  the  employer  or  the  employe  organi- 
zation, not  deserving  of  the  sympathetic 
consideration  of  the  fair  citizenship  in 
our  country. 

"We  must  ever  stand  for  readjust- 
ment, because  readjustment  in  the  main 
means  progress,  and  the  Legion  can  be 
satisfied  readjustment  means  the  con- 
servation of  industry  in  America,  and  it 
is  the  duty  of  every  man,  employer  or 
employe,  to  join  in  a  constructive  read- 
justment of  the  industry  of  this  country 
to  the  end  that  justice  might  apply,  to 


the  end  that  our  industrial  organization 
may  continue  uninterrupted,  to  the  end 
that  there  may  come  to  this  country  a 
stability,  industrial  stability,  that  means 
the  very  foundation  of  our  Republic. 

"Gentlemen,  I  am  happy  to  be  here 
as  the  representative  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  to  briefly  say  to  you 
what  hundreds  of  laboring  men  on  this 
continent  are  saying  every  day — what 
has  been  said  on  the  floor  of  the  Con- 
vention of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor.  I  am,  in  'addition  to  that,  proud 
to  be  here  as  a  delegate  from  the  depart- 
ment of  Tennessee  and  to  be  able  to 
greet  you,  not  only  in  the  name  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor  but  in  the 
name  also  of  the  great  State  of  Tennes- 
see. 


EDUCATION  CIVILIZATION'S  ONLY  HOPE 
(By  G.  W.  Perkins.) 


RUE  knowledge  is  man- 
kind's greatest  benefactor. 
False  teaching  is  civiliza- 
tion's greatest  handicap. 
Education  and  the  prob- 
lem of  civilization  are  one 
and  inseparable.  A  substantial,  true, 
and  indissolvable  civilization  requires 
broadness  of  mind  and  depth  of  vision, 
which  should  conserve  the  interests  of 
all  regardless  of  class  or  classes,  and 
that  will  develop  a  condition  in  life  out 
of  which  the  great  masses  may  advance 
mentally,  physically,  morally  and  spirit- 
ually, along  scientific  lines. 

The  trade  union  movement,  through 
increased  wages,  shorter  hours,  and  bet- 
ter working  conditions  is  developing  the 
physical  well-being  of  the  masses  and 
in  a  measure  is  also  developing  the 
minds  towards  a  broader  and  more  com- 
prehensive view  of  economic,  social  and 
political  conditions. 

It  is  becoming  more  and  more  the  duty 
of  the  state  to  assist  in  the  proper  edu- 
cational development  of  the  masses.  We 
are  approaching  a  serious  condition  of 
affairs,  both  economic  and  political,  that 
will  require  the  combined  judgment  and 
united  action  of  all  of  our  people  to  avert 
a  danger  to  our  advancing  civilization 
even  in  our  country. 

The  specialization  steadily  going  on  in 
all  industries  has  practically  eliminated 
the  apprenticeship  system,  under  which 
the  beginner  really  obtained  a  funda- 
mental, clear  concept  of  the  industry  in 


which  he  was  indentured.  Today  the 
beginner  is  put  at  one  particular  part  or 
work  in  the  industry  and  learns  nothing 
of  the  general  trade,  as  he  did  undei 
former  conditions.  The  result  is  already 
felt  and  will  be  more  keenly  felt  as  thi 
practice  proceeds  to  its  logical  conclu- 
sions. 

It  is  claimed  that  67  per  cent  of  th< 
people    engaged   in   manufacturing   fail 
One  of  the  direct  causes  of  failure  is  th< 
incompetency   of  the  manufacturer,   tin 
superintendent,    and    foreman.      This   i 
partly  due  to  the  gradual  elimination  o 
those  who  served  the  old  time  appren 
ticeship     in     industries.       The     worker 
should  not  be  asked  to  carry  the  burde 
of  the  incompetency   of  employers,  no 
should  we  be  asked  to  reduce  wages  t 
a  point  whereby  such  incompetents  ma 
continue  in  business. 

On  the   question   of  efficiency  -capit; 
must  supply  its  share,  labor  will  do  if 
part.       Neither     shoidd     the     mdustri: 
workers  alone  be  asked  to  carry  the  bu: 
den    of    industrial    schools    and    collegt 
that  will  supply  the  dearth  of  compete) 
material,  and  we  should  hold  that  it  b 
comes  the  duty  of  society  to  do  so.   Sue 
schools  and  colleges  should  have  agre< 
"upon   test  books   which   teach   the  tn 
philosophy    of    industrial    and    politic- 
economy,    scientifically    developed,    ai 
should  discard  false  doctrines  conceive 
and  only  partly  true  a  hundred  years 
more  ago,  which  in  no  wise  fit  into  t 
science  of  economics  of  today. 


THE    CARPENTER 


21 


This  will  have  to  be  done  if  the  pres- 
ent controlling  races  are  to  maintain 
their  ascendency  and  growing  civiliza- 
tion. Nothing  can  save  the  leadership, 
economic,  political,  and  social,  of  these 
races  without  the  aid  of  the  constructive 
trade  union  movement.  Races  must  re- 
main strong  and  virile  to  maintain  con- 
trol and  leadership  in  advancing  civili- 
zation. Education,  good  wages,  and 
good  working  conditions  are  the  para- 
mount means  of  accomplishing  this  end. 
Reduce  wages,  lengthen  hours  of  labor, 
and  destroy  healthful  working  condi- 
tions, and  the  stamina,  strength,  man- 
hood and  power  of  insistence  of  mankind 
are  correspondingly  reduced. 

The  leadership  of  the  world  will  be 
vested  in  the  hands  of  the  people  who, 
regardless  of  color,  are  the  strongest 
morally,  mentally,  and  physically.  Lead- 
ership in  economies,  civilization,  and  so- 
cial advancement  is  now  vested  in  the 
white  races  living  in  the  Temperate 
Zones.  This  leadership  will  naturally  re- 
main in  the  Temperate  Zones  and  will 
ultimately  go  to  the  races,  white  or 
colored,  which  deA'elop  individually  and 
enmasse,  the  strongest  people  intellectu- 
ally, physically,  morally  and  spiritually, 
and  that  stop  wasting  their  own  blood 
and  destroying  their  own  kind  through 
internecine  strife  in  unnecessary  devas- 
tating wars. 

In  this  development  the  trade  union 
movement,  here  and  elsewhere,  will  be 
a  guiding,  potential,  and  propelling 
force.  If  the  autocrat  and  dollar  chasing 
clan  were  to  be  successful  in  their  efforts 
to  destroy  the  constructive  trade  union 
movement,  it  would  be  the  direct  cause 
of  handing  the  control  and  leadership  of 


mankind's  destiny  to  the  people  or  races, 
which  foster,  protect,  educate,  and  en- 
courage the  masses.  The  constructive 
trade  union  movement  is  the  only  sure 
means  by  which  the  stamina,  vigor,  and 
power  of  resistance  can  be  maintained 
and  advanced  in  the  masses. 

Efficiency  in  industry  is  of  paramount 
importance.  The  development  of  and  ad- 
herence to  this  principle  will  enable  us 
to  make  wonderful  progress  in  a  higher, 
better,  safer  and  more  permanent  civil- 
ization. Society,  the  state,  and  our  peo- 
ple can  not  afford  to  ignore  the  funda- 
mental principles  which  make  for  suc- 
cess. 

We  can  not  afford  to  ignore  the  fact 
that  the  Brown  and  Yellow  races  are 
making  substantial  gains  along  the  lines 
that  develop  the  power  of  resistence  and 
the  ability  to  conquer.  The  Brown  and 
Yellow  races  constitute  the  great  bulk 
of  the  population  of  the  world,  but  they 
have  not  the  land,  and  some  day  they 
must  find  land  enough  to  sustain  their 
rapidly  increasing  populations. 

The  trade  union  movement  has  and 
will  continue  to  develop  a  feeling  of 
tolerance  and  good  fellowship  among 
the  masses  regardless  of  race,  color  or 
religion,  or  where  located.  It  will  more- 
over continue  to  demand  that  the  state 
assist  in  our  efforts  to  bring  about  a 
better  and  higher  mental  standard,  es- 
pecially in  economics. 

The  race  or  nation  which  ignores  true 
economics  and  neglects  to  do  full  justice 
to  the  great  mass  of  the  people  intellec- 
ually  and  physically  is  running  the  risk 
of  dooming  coming  generations  to  hope- 
less despair. 


THIS  RESTLESS  WORLD  OF  OURS 

(By  Jason   Smith.) 


"OFFERING  from  a  debili- 
tated state  of  mind  and 
body,  thousands  and  thou- 
sands of  earth's  creatures 
^n^^j  are  wondering  just  what 
- —  ^  will  be  their  portion.  The 
present  interval  the  world  over  is  called 
the  after  math  of  the  world's  great  war. 
And  some  say  that  50  years  will  go  by 
and  yet  we  people  won't  know  what 
caused  it,  or  just  what  will  start  another 
one  like  it.  It  seems  about  90  per  cent 
of  the  poor  earth's  mortals  are  ground 
between  the  upper  and  nether  millstones 
of   a   cold   and    cruel    economic    system 


which  it  seems  that  all  of  man's  in- 
genuity cannot  prevent.  The  daily  pa- 
pers give  accounts  of  several  millions 
out  of  employment  in  this  country,  as 
well  as  other  lands. 

It  is  possible  that  the  property  right 
of  the  two  per  cent  of  the  people  of  the 
world  who  own  85  per  cent  of  the 
world's  wealth,  can  turn  back  all  the 
progress  of  the  human  family  has  made 
in  the  last  two  hundred  years,  and  re- 
duce the  wage  workers  once  more  back 
to  the  position  of  vassals  and  serfs? 

Then  our  vaunted  freedom  is  a  myth, 
our  emancipation  from  the  thraldom  of 


22 


THE    CARPENTER 


servitude  is  a  fairy  story.  Our  Declara- 
tion of  Independence  is  out  of  date.  And 
the  barons  will  have  to  wring  another 
magna  charta  from  King  John,  and 
Runymede  will  have  to  run.  That  the 
human  family  has  passed  through  vari- 
ous paths  of  evolution,  and  have  paid 
tuition  in  every  class  of  learning  in  every 
battle  that  the  workers  have  had  from 
the  dawn  of  creation  up  to  the  present 
time,  is  a  simple  outward  manifestation 
of  an  inward  desire  on  the  part  df  the 
individual  for  more  liberty. 

In  the  fuedal  days  some  owners  of 
royal  estates  would  take  a  serf  if  he 
showed  any  sign  of  being  disatisfied 
with  his  lot  in  life.  They  would  brand 
him  on  the  forehead  with  a  hot  iron 
making  the  letter  V  in  his  forehead. 
Calling  on  all  the  serfs  in  the  neighbor- 
hood to  witness  this  act  of  wanton 
cruelty.  If  one  of  the  serfs  got  nerve 
enough  to  run  away,  it  was  the  duty  of 
every  officer  under  the  crown  to  bring 
back  this  fugitive.  And  then  he  would 
be  branded  with  a  letter  S  in  his  fore- 
head, which  showed  he  was  a  slave. 
This  condition  of  affairs  was  breaking 
up  in  Europe  when  the  great  Columbus 
landed  on  the  Island  of  Bahama  and 
thought  it  was  America.  And  at  once 
land  grants  from  kings  and  queens  to 
parties  of  their  imperial  choice  were 
made.  And  of  course,  the  master  class 
got  possessions  of  the  river  bottoms  and 
all  other  good  lands  near  the  coast.  And 
they  brought  to  America  many  repulsive 
and  depraved  agencies,  that  would  have 
been  right  and  proper  to  have  left  over 
in  Europe. 

The  Debtors  Prison  was  one  of  the 
ear  marks  of  feudalism  that  followed  the 
path  finders  of  a  new  civilization. 

The  stocks  and  the  pillory  was  an- 
other glowing  tribute  to  their  greatness. 
And  last  but  not  least,  they  introduced 
chattel  slavery  with  all  of  its  attending 
evils.  And  in  the  early  colonies  no  man 
was  allowed  a  rate  unless  he  had  prop- 
erty. The  chattel  and  indentured  slave 
had  no  vote,  only  the  boss  of  the  manor 
or  the  burgomasters  and  such  people  as 
that  voted. 

There  is  a  story  that  comes  from  the 
memoirs  of  Benjamin  Franklin,  of  an 
old  man  at  Philadelphia,  who  owned  a 
mule  and  cart,  and  that  was  his  property 
qualifications.  And  the  old  mule  died, 
and  he  was  never  allowed  to  vote  again. 
And  Franklin  wanted  to  know  who  was 


doing  the   voting,   the  old   fflafl  or  the 
mule? 

So  you  see,  Mr.  Worker,  I  am  trying 
to  bring  this  story  down  to  you  grad- 
ually, and  see  if  you  wont  put  a  higher 
value  on  your  franchise  than  some  of 
you  are  doing  at  the  present  time.  The 
kind  of  a  revolution  we  believe  in  is 
at  the  ballot  box,  where  we  can  change 
the  complexion  of  things. 

Whenever  we  all  can  think  for  our- 
selves, and  for  Heavens  sake,  lets  quit 
letting  the  other  fellow  doing  our  think- 
ing for  us.  This  open  shop  campaign 
has  been  an  eye  opener  to  a  man  that- 
can  see  at  all.  Now,  where  is  there  a 
member  of  Organized  Labor,  who  has 
the  intelligence  of  an  ordinary  man,  will- 
ing to  let  a  merchant  or  member  of  a 
business  club  who  has  been  identified 
with  this  open  shop  or  American  Plan 
business,  go  to  Washington  and  make 
laws  for  him  to  live  under.  I  wish  I  had 
the  power  to  make  you  look  at  this  side 
of  the  issue  as  often  as  you  have  looked 
at  the  smear  headlines  of  the  other  side, 
as  you  were  unfolding  the  paper  trying 
to  find  out  how  many  home  runs  Babe 
Ruth  had  knocked,  or  when  and  where 
Mary  Pickford  was  going  to  get  her 
divorce  from  Owen  Moore,  so  she  could 
marry  the  Gay  Latharis  Dug  Fairbanks, 
with  all  the  world's  discontent,  with 
greed  and  avarice  in  the  breast  of  all  the 
masters  hovering  over  and  about  the 
families  .  of  earth's  mortals,  with  pov- 
erty and  hunger,  destitution  and  want  of 
the  poor,  when  and  where  is  a  solution 
to  be  found  for. the  vexing  questions. 

England  with  her  back  to  the  wall,  a 
determined  people  to  have  and  enjoy 
more  of  the  wealth  her  labor  produces. 
So  little  is  really  known  of  Russia,  a 
guess  will  suffice.  France  as  of  old,, 
yearning  for  more  individual  liberty,  and 
willing  if  necessary  to  fight  for  it. 

And  Italy  standing  on  the  smoldering 
edge  of  a  nation-wide  "Vesuvius,"  which 
is  very  liable  to  erupt  at  any  moment 
and  with  approximately  eight  million 
men  and  women  workers  idle  in  various 
walks  of  life.  And  the  money  loving 
masters  of  America  of  whom  some  poor 
dupes  believe  are  appointed  and  annoint- 
ed  by  the  Great  Divine  Providence  to 
hold  all  suffering  humanity  in  the  hollow 
of  their  cruel  hands,  and  give  them  just 
as  little  of  the  wealth  that  they  create, 
as  they  can  possibly  exist  on.  And  then 
some  folks  will  say  the  world  does  move. 


THE     CARPENTER  23 


A  COMPOSITE  POEM 

Some  time  ago  an  American  was  traveling  in  Australia,  when  he 
came  to  a  sheep-herder's  deserted  shanty.  In  some  old  papers  in  the 
shanty  he  found  a  poem  which  proved  to  he  a  literary  curiosity.  The 
poem  is  composed  of  52  lines  and  each  line  is  from  a  different  author. 

Here  is  the  poem  and  the  author  from  whose  work  each  line  was 
taken : 

What  strange  infatuation  rules  mankind.      (Chatterton) 

What  different  spheres  to  human  bliss  assigned.      (Rogers) 

To  loftier  things   your   finer  pulses   burn,       (C.    Sprague) 

If  man  would  but  his  finer  nature  learn.      (R.  H.  Dana) 

What  several  ways  men  to  their  calling  have,   (B.  Johnson) 

And  grasp  at  life  though  sinking  to  the  grave.      (Falconer) 

Ask  what  is  human  life?     The  sage  replies,    (Cowper) 

Wealth,  pomp  and  honour  are  but  empty  toys;   (Ferguson) 

We  trudge,  we  travel  but  from  pain  to  pain,   (Quarles) 

Weak,   timid  landsmen  on  life's  stormy  main.    (Burns) 

We  only  toil  who  are  the  first  of  things,   (Tennyson) 

From  labour  health,  from  health  contentment  springs.    (Beattie) 

Fame  runs  before  us  like  the  morning  star;    (Dry den) 

How  little  do  we  know  that  which  we  are!    (Byron) 

Let  none  then  here  his  certain  knowledge  boast,    (Pomfret) 

Of  fleeting  joys  too  certain  to  be  lost;    (Waller) 

For  ever  all  things  hangs  a  cloud  of  fear —  (Hood) 

All  is  bur  change  and  seperation  here.    (Steele) 

To  smooth  life's  passage  o'er  its  stormy  way,    (Dwight) 

Sum  up  at  night  what  thou  hast  done  by  day;    (Herbert) 

Be  rich  in  patience  if  thou  in  gudes  be  poor,    (Dunbar) 

So  many  men  do  stoope  to  sight  unsure.    (C. .Whitney) 

Choose  out  the  man  to  virtue  most  inclined,   (Rowe) 

Throw  envy,   folly,    prejudice   behind.    (Danghome) 

Defer  not  till  tomorrow  to  be  wise —  Congreve) 

Wealth,  heaped  on  wealth,  nor  truth  nor  safety  buys.   (Dr.  Johnson) 

Remeb ranee  worketh  with  her  busy  brain,    (Goldsmith) 

Care  draws  on  care,  woe  comforts  woe  again;    (Drayton) 

On  high  estates  huge  heaps  of  care  attend,    (Webster) 

No  joy  so  great  but  runneth   to  an  end;    (Southwell) 

No  hand  applaud  what  honour  shuns  to  hear,    (Thomson) 

Who   cast  off  shame   should  likewise  cast  off  fear.    (Knowles) 

Grief  haunts  us  down  the  precipice  of  years,    (W.    S.   Landor) 

"Virtue  alone  no  dissolution  fears;    (E.    Moore) 

Time  loosely  spent  will  not  again  be  won,    (R  Greene) 

What  shall  I  do  to  be  forever  known?    (Crowley) 

But  now  the  wane  of  life  comes  darkly  on,   (Joanna  Baillie) 

After  a  thousand  mazes  overgone;    (Keats) 

In  this  brief  state  of  trouble  and  uprest,    (B.  Barton) 

Man  never  is  but  always  to  be  blest.    (Pope) 

Time  is  the  present  hour,  the  past  is  fled,    (Marsden) 

O!  thou  futurity,  our  hope  and  dread,    (Elliott) 

How  fading  are  the  joys  we  dote  upon!    (Blair) 

Oh!  while  I  speak  the  present  moment's  gone.    (Akenside) 

Lo;  thou  eternal  arbiter  of  things,    (Oldham) 

How  awful  is  the  hour  when  conscience  stings;    (J.  G.  Percival 

Conscience,    stern    arbiter   in    every    breast —    (J.    A.    Hillhouse) 

The  fluttering  wish  on  wing  that  will  not  rest.    (Mallet) 

This,  above  all,   to  thine  own   self  be  true.    (Shakesspeare) 

Learn  to  live  well,    that  thou   may'st   die   so.   too    (Sir  J.   Denham) 

To  those   that  list,   the  world's  gay   scenes   I  leave,    (Spencer) 

Some  ills  we  wish  for  when  we  wish  to  live.    (Young) 


Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 
THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

Published   on  the  loth   of  each   month  at  the 

CARPENTERS'   BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 
CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

PUBLISHERS 

FRANK  DUFFY,  Editor 

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INDIANAPOLIS,  JUNE,   1922 

Wages  and  Cost  of  Living 

In  a  pamphlet  recently  issued  under 
the  caption  "Are  Wages  Too  High?'' 
Basil  M.  Manley.  former  Joint  Chair- 
man, National  War  Labor  Board,  the 
author  in  discussing  the  relative  buying 
powers  of  wages  since  1907  to  the  pres- 
ent year,  clearly  refutes  the  charges 
that  the  worker  is  too  highly  paid  and  in 
part  says : 

"It  may  be  said,  that  the  charges  that 
wages  are  too  high  have  not  been  direct- 
ed against  the  great  unorganized  mass 
of  factory  workers,  but  have  been  aimed 
specifically  at  Organized  Labor  and 
union  wages.  Such  an  assertion  may  be 
challenged  with  quotations  of  declara- 
tions from  every  quarter  that  the  wages 
of,   all  workers  were  pushed  up   to   un- 


conscionable heights  during  the  war  and 
that  labor  must  now  be  deflated. 

"Without  stopping  to  argue  this  point, 
let  us  look  at  the  facts  regarding  union 
wages.  The  United  States  Bureau  of 
Labor  Statistics  has  compiled  every  year 
since  1907  the  wage  scales  paid  union 
workers  in  the  principal  organized 
trades.  These  are  not  theoretical  earn- 
ings, but  are  the  wages  actually  em- 
bodied in  the  contracts  between  the  em- 
ployers and  the  unions.  This  report 
shows  the  wages  agreed  upon  in  each 
occupation  in  every  important  industrial 
center.  On  the  basis  of  these  figures 
the  Bureau  also  calculates  an  official  "in- 
dex of  union  wages,""  which  shows  ex- 
actly how  the  average  wages  of  all  union 
employes  in  any  year  compares  with 
other  years. 

"The  trades  covered  by  this  'union 
wage  index'  include  bakers,  building 
trades,  metal  trades,  printing  trades, 
teamsters,  laundry  workers  and  waiters. 
These  unions  have  about  2,000.000 
members  and  are  representative  of  all 
Organized  Labor  outside  of  transporta- 
tion and  mining.'" 

Using  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics 
index  of  weekly  wages  of  union  work- 
ers and  also  its  cost  of  living  figures  he 
arrives  at  the  following  conclusion: 

"This  index  shows  that  while  union 
wages  were  more  than  twice  as  high 
in  1921  as  in  1907,  this  was  more  than 
offset  by  the  decline  in  the  purchasing 
power  of  the  dollar  to  45c,  so  that  the 
real  value  of  union  wages  in  1021  was 
only  94  per  cent  of  the  wages  paid  in 
1907.  Furthermore,  the  apparent  rise 
in  1921,  caused  by  the  sharp  decline  in 
the  cost  of  living  is  all  an  illusion.  With 
the  decline  in  prices  came  unemploy- 
ment, and  the  man  out  of  a  job  has  little 
interest  in  the  purchasing  power  of 
wages  which  he  has  no  opportunity  to 
earn." 

*      *      * 

Labor's  Aspirations 

Dr.  Alva  W.  Taylor  of  Indianapolis, 
speaking  on  the  industrial  question  re- 
cently said : 

"The  wise  employer  will  take  account 
of  the  legitimate  aspirations  of  labor. 


tut:   carpenter 


25 


"Those  aspirations  are  for  ;i  better 
!i\  elihood,  fundamental  democratic  right 
of  collective  action  with  one's  fellows, 
iinil  something  to  say  about  the  condi- 
tions and  terms  under  which  work  is  to 
be  done. 

"What  labor  wants  is  no  more  than 
what  the  majority  of  better- to-do  per- 
sons already  have.  Labor's  climb  up- 
ward has  been  long,  slow  and  full  of 
tragedy.  In  the  Christian  era,  all  work- 
ers were  slaves.  In  the  middle  ages, 
they  Avere  advanced  to  serfdom.  Then 
■ame  the  designation  of  servants,  with- 
>ut  rights  of  citizenship.  With  the  com- 
ng  of  the  democratic  revolution  of  the 
ast  century  came  the  status  as  em- 
ployes, with  citizenship  often  denied  be- 
:ause  of  property  qualifications. 

"One  of  the  most  discouraging  things 
he  social  worker  has  to  face,  is  the  self- 
shuess  and  mistakes  of  many  labor  or- 
ranizations.  But,  it  must  be  remem- 
■ored  that  the  same  conditions  are  true 
f  capital,  only  capital  .works  with 
nesse  and  within  the  law  and  common 
loral  judgment  of  men  and  so  escapes 
riticism.  Labor,  lacking  this  training, 
reates  resentment  against  its  cause." 
*      *      * 

'nions   "Knife"    Baseball   While   Landis 
Is  At  Head 

Under  the  above  caption  the  "Chicago 
ribune"  recently  published  an  article 
v  Thomas  J.  Wren,  which  reads  in 
irt: 

"Until   the    day    comes    when    former 
ederal  Judge  Kenesaw   Mountain  Lan- 
;  s  ceases  to  be  supreme  arbiter  in  or- 
uiized  baseball,   no   click  of  the  turn- 
ile  at  a   big   league   park   will   follow 
lie  entrance  of  a  union  man. 
"Charging  that  the  former  jurist  had 
Tmitted  himself  to  be  'used  as  a  tool 
"big  business"   in  its   efforts   to   dis- 
pt   building    trade    unions    throughout 
e  country  by  reducing  wages  and  by 
s  "standard   agreement"   in   his    wage 
;vard,  a  representative  of  the  American 
•deration  of  Labor,  announced  a  com- 
'te  boycott  of  professional  baseball. 
"His     so-called     standard     agreement, 
ikes  the  union  man  as  helpless  as  the 
ofessional  ball  player,  who  is  bought 
d  sold  at  the  whim  of  the  club  owner, 
makes  the  union  man  work  with  non- 
ion  man,  under  almost  any  condition 
3  employer  wishes  to  impose." 
The  decision  written  by  the  judge  in 
J    Chicago    building    trades    situation, 


il  is  said,  has  been  responsible  for 
more  lockouts  and  strikes  than  any 
lasl  twenty-five  years.  It  lias  cost  wage 
earners  millions  of  dollars  of  pay  in  lost 
time,  as  well  as  bcin^  responsible  for 
high  rent  in  cities  because  of  the  build- 
ing delay  it  has  brought  about. 

"Most  of  the  building  trades  unions 
have  passed  a  rule  that  any  member  who 
attends  a  big  league  game  wall  be  fined. 
Literature  condemning  the  former  judge 
has  been  distributed  to  all  friends  of 
Organized  Labor  asking  them  to  follow 
suit. 

"It  will  be  cheaper  in  the  long  run 
for  the  magnates  of  baseball  to  pay 
Landis  his  $50,000  a  year  for  the  six 
years  remaining  in  his  contract  and  dis- 
miss him  than  thus  to  antagonize  Or- 
ganized Labor." 


Labor  Not  Seeking  War=Time  Wages 

In  an  editorial  discussing  farm  wTages 
the  "Christion  Herald"  says :  "It  is, 
however,  in  order  to  ask  wdiy  any  other 
classes  of  labor  should  continue  to  de- 
mand war-time  w^ages  wdien  farm  wages 
have  fallen  37  per  cent?"  Why  call  it 
war-time  wages?  Labor  is  not  asking 
"war-time"  pay,  but  just  a  reasonable 
wage  in  return  for  what  it  produces.  The 
great  trouble  seems  to  be  that  capital 
has  set  in  its  mind  the  wage  scales  of 
1914  as  the  proper  rate  of  pay  to  which 
labor  is  entitled.  It  never  stops  to  con- 
sider that  in  many  cases  the  wage  scale 
was  entirely  too  low  at  that  time,  and 
that  what  labor  is  really  doing  today  is 
making  an  effort  to  prevent  its  falling 
back  to  a  scale  that  merely  means  ex- 
istence for  the  laborer.  We  would  like 
to  ask  just  how  many  ministers 
and  professional  men  have  had  their 
salaries  reduced  to  the  191-1  basis 
again.  Of  course,  there  is  a  de- 
gree of  refinement  between  the  words 
"salaries"  and  "wages."  In  the  former 
it  is  commendable  to  get  all  you  can, 
but  the  latter  should  be  exceedingly  gen- 
erous in  its  demands.  The  high  salaried 
official  is  lauded  for  the  pay  he  com- 
mands, but  when  the  worker  asks  for  a 
trifle  more  than  the  bare  necessities  of 
life  he  is  a  "war-time"  profiteer.  It 
would  seem  as  if  some  professing  Chris- 
tians might,  put  a  little  more  Christianity 
into  their  teachings,  and  yet  the  Bible 
says:  "To  him  that  hath  shall  be  given, 
and  to  him  that  hath  not  shall  be  taken 


THE     CARPENTER 


away  even  that  which  he  hath."  Per- 
haps they  are  right,  after  all.  But  why 
suggest  that  all  labor  come  down  to  the 
standard  of  the  lowest  paid  laborer? 
Would  it  not  be  more  humanitarian  and 
Christianlike  to  bring  the  wages  of  these 
under-paid  laborers  up  to  a  standard 
relatively  proportionate  to  those  who  are 

better  paid? 

*      *      * 

Earnings   of   Bituminous  Coal   Miners 

In  a  communication  received  from  the 
United  Mine  Workers  of  America,  and 
sent  to  every  Senator  and  member  of 
Congress  under  date  of  May  3,  Ellis 
Searles.  Editor  of  their  Journal  says: 

"There  have  been  so  many  misstate- 
ments and  misrepresentations  in  regard 
to  the  earnings  of  bituminous  coal 
miners  that  I  want  you  to  permit  me  to 
give  you  some  facts  on  that  subject.  Al- 
though the  coal  operators  signed  a  writ- 
ten agreement  in  New  York  on  March 
31,  1920,  that  they  would  meet  with  the 
miners  in  a  joint  conference  prior  to 
April  1,  1922.  to  work  out  a  new  wage 
agreement,  they  flatly  and  bluntly  re- 
fused to  live  up  to  that  agreement,  and 
one  of  the  reasons  they  gave  was  that 
the  miners  would  demand  an  increase 
in  their  wages. 

"The  fact  is  the  miners  did  not  de 
mand  an  increase  and  they  are  not  now 
demanding  an  increase.  They  ask  that 
the  present  scale  of  wages  be  continued 
in  effect  for  another  two  years.  They 
did  not  earn  a  living  under  the  present 
scale  in  1921,  but  they  are  willing  to 
take  the  chance  with  it  for  another  two 
years.  They  pin  their  faith  to  a  hope 
for  a  revival  of  industry  and  business  in 
the  next  two  years  that  will  afford  them 
steadier  employment  and  thus  enable 
them  to  make  a  living. 

"Bituminous  mine  workers  in  the 
union  fields  were  employed  only  an  aver- 
age of  about  125  days  in  1921.  This  is 
about  40  per  cent  of  full  time.  As  near- 
ly as  it  can  be  ascertained  at  this  time, 
they  earned  an  average  of  approximately 
$700  in  1921,  which  is  about  $13.50  a 
week.  Every  person  who  has  to  buy 
food,  clothing  and  everything  else  for  a 
family  at  present  prices  knows  that  it  is 
impossible  to  keep  a  family  above  the 
poverty  level  on  $13.50  a  week. 

"In  the  six  year  period  from  1913  to 
1918    (and  in  191S  more  coal  was  pro- 


duced than  ever  before  and  all  records 
were  broken),  the  average  annual  earn- 
ings of  bituminous  mine  workers 
throughout  the  country  were  $873.74. 
Surely,  it  cannot  be  said  that  the  miners 
are  earning  too  much  money  at  the  pres- 
ent scale  of  wages  or  that  they  earned 
too  much  from   1913   to   1918. 

"There  is  something  wrong  with  a 
basic  industry  in  which  the  employes 
are  employed  only  125  days  in  a  year 
and  in  which  they  can  earn  only  $700. 

"This  is  a  subject  in  which  Congress, 
representing  the  American  public,  has 
a  vital  interest." 

*      *      * 

Stimulating  the  Ideas  of  Organization 

At  a  joint  meeting  of  Local  Unions, 
held  in  Detroit  recently,  for  the  purpose 
of  stimulating  organization  there  were 
some  interesting  facts  submitted  that 
should  interest  our  membership.  In 
opening  the  meeting  Brother  O.  E. 
Woodbury,   General  Organizer,   said: 

"The  reason  for  calling  this  meeting 
was  to  bring  back  those  who  have  drift- 
ed away  from  our  ranks  and  to  try  and 
get  into  our  Brotherhood  those  who  are 
qualified  mechanics  in  our  line  of  work." 

Frank  X.  Martell.  Business  Agent  of 
the  Detroit  Federation  of  Labor,  gave  a 
forceful  talk  on  organization  and,  in 
speaking  of  the  great  fight  that  the 
printing  trades  were  putting  up  over  the 
country  for  the  44-hour  week  said  in 
part: 

"Since  May  1st  the  members  of  the 
International  Union,  numbering  some 
70,000,  have  paid  into  the  International 
Office,  as  strike  assessments  $6,500,000, 
and  have  paid  out  over  $50,000  in  strike 
benefits.  A  Local  Union  called  the  Big 
Six,  has  paid  in  one  month  $180,000  in 
strike  assessments.  The  members  of 
that  organization  are  paying  10%  of 
their  wages  weekly  for  this  fight,  which 
is  being  carried  on  in  12.7  principal  cities 
of  this  country." 

E.  W.  Secord.  President  of  the  State 
Council  and  John  J.  Scanned.  Secretary 
of  the  State  Federation  also  spoke. 

The  meeting  as  a  whole  was  a  success 
as  it  shows  that  our  members  in  Detroit, 
while  not  making  progress  very  rapidly, 
are  at  least  willing  to  try  and  forge 
ahead  in  the  movement  and  it  would  be 
well  if  other  District  Councils  followed 
their  lead. 


THE    CARPENTER 


27 


The  Barrett  Company  Putting  Out  A 
New  Shingle 

We  are  just  in  receipt  of  folders  from 
the  Barrett  Company  giving  an  interest- 
ing description  of  their  new  Everlastic 
Octo- Strip  and  Giant  Shingles.  The 
feature  of  the  Octo- Strip  shingles  is  their 
adaptability  to  a  variety  of  striking  and 
artistic  designs  in  the  finished  roof. 
This  adaptability  is  due  partly  to  the 
unique  shape  of  the  shingles  themselves, 
and  partly  to  their  permanent  mineral 
surface  in  rich  fadeless  shades  of  red  or 
green.  True  to  their  name,  Everlastic 
Giant  Shingles  are  "Giants"  for  strength 
;\nd  wear.  They  are  made  with  a  base 
of  extra  thick,  heavy,  thoroughly  water- 
proofed sheet  roofing.  The  weather  side 
is  heavily  mineral  surfaced,  and  a  special 
"Seal-buck"  of  tough  weather  proofing 
material  protects  the  underside  against 
moisture  and  mould.  Altogether  the 
folders  are  interesting  reading  for  those 
interested  in  this  work  and  profusely  il- 
lustrated. Members  contemplating  us- 
ing these  shingles  should  avail  them- 
selves of  the  opportunity  of  getting  these 
folders  which  can  be  had  for  the  asking 
of  any  of  the  Barrett  Agencies  located 
in  all  of  the  large  cities. 
*      *      * 

The  "Open  Shop"  Is  Really  a 
"Closed  Shop" 

In  an  address  before  the  Maryland 
State  and  District  of  Columbia  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  in  Baltimore  on  March 
14th,  Archbishop  Curley  said: 

"Labor  has  the  right  to  organize,  to 
demand  a  living  wage  and  to  strike  in 
an  orderly  manner.  Union  labor  is  al- 
together responsible  for  the  better  con- 
ditions under  which  work  is  done  today, 
while  unorganized  labor  has  done  noth- 
ing to  better  labor  conditions. 

"I  believe  that  labor  has  the  right  to 
share  in  the  profits  of  an  enterprise  when 
the   profits   are  large   enough   to  justify 
it ;  and  I  believe  that  in  some  cases,  al- 
though it  is  a  delicate  matter  to  adjust, 
labor  ought  to  be  permitted  to  take  part 
!  in  the  regulation  of  the  enterprise.     By 
labor,  I  mean  union  labor.     Union  labor 
thas  brought  about  reforms  in  regard  to 
'.  child  labor  and  women's  labor.      Unions 
are    true    friends    of    humanity.       They 
have    rendered     splendid     and    effective 
service  for  the  betterment  of  mankind." 
He  characterized  the  "open  shop"  as  a 
"closed  shop"  for  the  reason  that  "if  a 
union  man  entered  an  'open  shop,"   al- 


though he  has  no  trouble  in  obtaining 
employment,  he  immediately  becomes 
deunionized.  He  is  denied  the  right  to 
deal  with  his  employer  as  a  union  man, 
denied  the  right  of  collective  bargaining, 
an  essential  principle  of  unionism.  To 
my  mind,  the  purpose  of  the  whole  open 
shop  movement,  which  has  been  gaining 
impetus  during  the  last  few  years  and 
must  be  backed  by  great  wealth,  is  not 
to  bring  freedom  to  the  workingman  of 
America,  as  the  advocate  of  the  move- 
ment would  have  you  believe,  but  to  kill 
unionism." 

*      *      * 

Shows  Builders  Pad  Labor  Bills 

In  support  of  the  suggestion  of  Sen- 
ator Lockwood  that,  before  reducing  the 
wages  of  their  workers,  the  building 
trades  employers  should  reduce  their 
own  exorbitant  profits,  Samuel  Unter- 
meyer  submitted  to  Walter  Stabler, 
Comptroller  of  the  Metropolitan  Life 
Insurance  Company,  a  statement  show- 
ing the  manner  in  which  the  employers 
have  been  padding  the  labor  items  on 
their  bills.  Mr.  Stabler  is  Chairman  of 
the  group  of  neutral  business  men  who 
are  trying  to  avert  a  strike  in  the  build- 
ing trades  by  bringing  the  employers 
and  employes  together  for  a  settlement 
of  the  wage  question. 

The  charges  made  by  employers  on 
labor  items  are  shown  in  this  statement 
to  be  in  many  cases  60  to  70  per  cent 
above  what  they  actually  pay  their  la- 
borers, and  in  some  instances  to  be  two 
or  three  times  what  they  pay  them.  The 
statement  is  based  on  undisputed  evi- 
dence, taken  at  the  hearings  of  the  Lock- 
wood  Committee. 

One  example  given  is  in  the  case  of 
architectural  iron  workers,  where  it  was 
shown  that  a  customer  is  charged  by  the 
members  of  the  Employers*  Association 
at  the  rate  of  $144  a  week  for  a  finisher 
and  helper,  when  these  men  really  get 
only  $47  between  them.  In  the  same 
business  a  foreman  charges  $10  a  day, 
but  the  employer  charges  his  customers 
for  that  foreman  at  the  rate  of  $18  a 
day.. 

The  statement  gives  several  score  of 
instances  in  which  the  employers  prof- 
iteer on  their  workmen  in  similar  man- 
ner, at  the  same  time  creating  the  im- 
pression among  their  customers  that  the 
men  are  getting  the  full  amount  charged 
for  them  on  the  bills. 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE   UNITED    BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 

OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building.   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Fibst  General  Vice-Peesident 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters"  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Tice-Peesidext 

GEOBGE  H.   LAKEI 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Seceetaey 
FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS   NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind 


Geneeal  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERLN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,   N   Y. 


Second  District.  D.   A.   POST 
416  S.  Main   St..   Wilkes-Barre,  Pa, 


Third  District,   JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Alelisu  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.  OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,   Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.   WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 
BIO  Merchants   National  Bank  Building 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Seventh   District,   ARTHUR  MARTEL 

1705  Chambord  St,,  Montreal,  Que.,   Can. 


WM.  L.   ECTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK   DUFFT.    Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 

Eoard  must  be  sent  to  the  General  S-cr-tarv. 


IMPORTANT    NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receiv= 
ing  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,'' 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen= 
eral  Office  is  "General  Delivery."  ar.  ! 
when  sent  this  way.  and  not  called  fcr. 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  thb 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi= 
nancial  Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand= 
ing  who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the   General   Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in= 
to  consideration  that  it  is  necessary  to 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the 
names  of  members  'who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  their 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  their 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  are 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attention 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they  will 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financial 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  information 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  and 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  with 
those  who  have  changed  their  address, 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Office 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpose 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  roster 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses, 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

By  carrying  out  the  foregoing  instruc= 
tions  you  will  not  only  assist  this  General 
Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of  our 
official  Journal.  "The  Carpenter.'"  but 
you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  membership 
at  large. 


CorrQspondQncQ 


Organization 

I  enjoy  reading  the  essays  of  our  Gen- 
eral Officers,  also  the  official  informa- 
tion, correspondence  of  brothers,  editori- 
als, craft  problems  and  many  other  items 
that  are  of  interest  to  every  woodwork- 
ing mechanic. 

I  have  followed  the  trade  for  about 
ten  years,  the  last  three  of  which  I  have 
belonged  to  the  union,  and  of  which 
have  been  the  most  prosperous.  I  find 
I  may  sa'y  that  unionism  is  as  import- 
ant to  the  efficiency  and  welfare  of  pub- 
lic workmen  as  a  bank  is  to  a  farmer 
and  also  I  may  say  that  I  think  the 
sooner  all  branches  of  industries  become 
organized  the  better  it  will  be  for  them, 
both  financially  and  morally. 

I  have  worked  in  several  cities,  and 
among  a  good  many  varieties  of  indus- 
try, and  it  seems  to  me  that  the  coal 
miners  stick  together  better  than  any 
other  class  of  order,  anyway  it  seems 
as  though  they  have  more  push  for  what 
they  want  and  need  than  any  of  the  rest 
of  us  and  when  they  take  a  stand  they 
do  so  without  any  props,  and  they  very 
seldom  fall  over. 

Just  in  the  last  few  days  here  in  our 
little,  but  largest  Kentucky  city  of 
Louisville,  preparation  is  being  made  for 
work  to  start  on  a  new  and  up-to-date 
Labor  Temple  for  the  organized  work- 
men of  this  city,  which  under  the  care- 
ful management  of  our  local  officers  in 
the  last  few  years  has  grown  to  be  better 
than  ever. 

Fraternally  yours, 

V.  T.   MONSER. 
L.  U.  No.  64.  .Louisville,  Ky. 


Censor  Board  Starts  Something  In 
Kansas 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

The  following  resolution  was  adopted 
by  L.  U.  No.  1587,  Hutchinson,  Ivans., 
and  it  is  requested  that  same  be  pub- 
lished in  our  Journal. 

RESOLUTION 

Whereas,  The  Censor  Board  of  the 
State  of  Kansas  has  arbitrarily  ruled 
that  the  motion  picture  film  known  as 
''The  Contrast"  may  not  be  shown  in  the 
said  State  of  Kansas,  and 


Whereas,  It  is  not  shown  or  contend- 
ed by  any  of  the  said  Censor  Board  that 
there  is  anything  immoral  or  unethical 
in  the  said  picture.  The  only  excuse  of- 
fered by  the  said  Censor  Board  in  justi- 
fication of  their  tyrannical  action  being 
the  utterly  silly  claim  that  it  tends  to 
array  social  classes  against  each  other, 
and 

Whereas,  It  is  being  shown  in  every 
other  state  in  the  Union  without  pro- 
ducing any  of  the  dire  consequences  al- 
leged to  be  feared  by  the  said  Censor 
Board  of  the  State  of  Kansas,  and 

Whereas,  We  are  not  as  laboring  peo- 
ple afraid  of  it  arraying  any  special 
classes  against  each  other  among  the 
laboring  people.  Therefore,  all  array- 
ing of  social  classes  must  come  from  the 
capitalistic  classes  which  represent  onl3r 
about  15  per  cent  of  the  people  of  this 
nation,  and 

Whereas,  We  believe  that  all  the  peo- 
ple in  the  United  States  should  have  a 
free  and*  equal  chance  in  the  enjoyment 
of  the  good  things  in  the  United  States, 
and  not  just  in  all  the  states  but  Kansas, 
for  in  any  free  country  what  is  good  for 
a  few  is  good  for  all,  and 

Whereas,  The  said  picture  has  been 
endorsed  everywhere  it  has  been  shown 
as  clean,  moral,  elevating  and  educa- 
tional, therefore  we  believe  that  the 
democracy  that  the  Dough  Boys  fought 
in  France  for  should  be  practiced  in  our 
state,  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  we,  the  officers  and 
members  of  Local  Union  No.  1587,  Unit- 
ed Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Join- 
ers of  America,  of  Hutchinson,  Kans., 
most  emphatically  protest  against  this 
tyranical  ruling  of  the  Kansas  State 
Censor  Board  as  being  unjust  in  every 
way,  and  we  believe  illegal  and  unfair 
to  the  laboring  people  of  the  State  of 
Kansas,  and  an  abridgement  of  our  just 
rights  as  citizens  of  the  State  of  Kansas, 
therefore  we,  the  officers  and  members 
of  L.  U.  No.  15S7,  United  Brotherhood 
of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America,  do 
hereby  most  emphatically  protest  against 
this  tyranical  and  unjust  ruling  of  the 
said  Kansas  State  Censor  Board,  and 
demand  that  they  cease  interfering  with 


30 


THE     CARPENTER 


this  showing  of  the  said  picture,  "The 
Contrast"  and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  we,  the  officers  and 
members  of  L.  U.  No.  1587,  United 
Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America,  do  hereby  consider  the 
present  Motion  Picture  Censor  Board  of 
the  State  of  Kansas  to  be  inefficient  in- 
asmuch as  it  functions  for  certain  pol- 
itical and  capitalistic  interests  to  the 
detriment  of  the  masses,  and  that  we  be- 
lieve the  present  Censor  Board  is  not  a 
just  or  impartial  board  as  shown  by  their 
refusal  to  permit  the  showing  of  the 
said  industrial  motion  picture,  "The  Con- 
trast." We  believe  their  refusal  was  a 
rank  injustice  and  unlawful  assumption 
of  power  as  there  is  nothing  in  the 
"laws"  of  the  State  of  Kansas  prohib- 
iting the  showing  of  pictures  of  this 
kind  as  it  is  purely  an  educational  and 
enlightening  lesson  of  actual  conditions 
existing  in  industrial  centers,  it  contains 
absolutely  nothing  detrimental  to  moral 
or  social  welfare,  therefore,  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  we  demand  that  any 
and  all  other  industrial  moving  pictures 
that  may  in  the  future  and  from  time 
to  time  (that  do  not  conflict  with  the 
laws  of  the  State  of  Kansas)  be  put 
before  the  said  "Kansas  State  Censor 
Board"  be  passed  by  the  said  Board  that 
we  citizens  of  the  said  State  of  Kansas 
may  have  the  advantage  of  freedom  like 
the  other  free  American  citizens  in  other 
States  in  the  United  States,  together 
with  the  educational  features  involved  in 
pictures  of  this  character.     Be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  one  copy  of  this  reso- 
lution be  spread  on  the  minutes  of  this 
body.  That  one  copy  be  sent  by  reg- 
istered mail  to  each  of  the  following: 

The  Governor  of  the  State  of  Kansas. 
The  Kansas  State  Censor  Board. 
'The  Wichita  Plaindealer. 
'The  Kansas  Trade  Unionist. 
'The  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 
and  Joiners  of  America. 

Official  Journal,   "The  Carpenter." 
Signed  by  committee. 

(Signed)      O.   E.   FARLEY. 
Unanimously    adopted    by    L.    U.    No. 
1587,  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 
and    Joiners    of    America,     Hutchinson, 
Kans.,  this  12th  day  of  April,  1922. 


Claims  a  Cure  for  Cancer 

I  notice  from  the  death  list  in  "The 
Carpenter"  for  the  month  of  April,  1922, 
that  there  are  twenty  deaths  from  cancer 
reported.  Now  I  wish  to  state  that  I 
have  a  cancer  remedy  that  takes  them 
out  by  the  roots  in  nine  days.  I  secured 
the  remedy  from  old  Dr.  Johnson,  a  fa- 
mous cancer  doctor  of  East  Texa*. 
Would  like  to  hear  from  any  member  of 
the  Brotherhood  afflicted  with  cancer. 

I  am  a  member  of  Local  426,  Los 
Angeles.  If  you  will  kindly  make  men- 
tion of  my  knowing  this  remedy  in  "The 
Carpenter"  it  may  be  the  means  oi 
saving  a  great  many  lives  and  quite  a 
lot  to  Brotherhood  in  claims. 
Fraternally  yours, 

SILAS   H.   WEAVER. 
552  W.  87th  St.               Los  Angeles,  Cal 
• 

Information  Wanted 

Benedict  Valland,  who  is  shown  in  th 
accompanying  cut  left  his  home  in  Jer 
sey  City,  N.  J.,  in  search  of  work  ant 


[Signed) 


W.   E.  KNEER,  Pres. 
J.  R.  BALE,   Rec.   Sec. 


has  not  been  heard  of  since.  Any  on' 
knowing  of  his  whereabouts  kindly  ncj 
tify  his  wife,  Mrs.  Hannah  Valland,  32 
Baldwin  Ave.,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

*  *      * 

W.  J.  McAvoy,  a  member  of  Loci: 
331,  Norfolk,  Va.,  has  been  missing  sine 
April  5,  1922.  Age  65  years,  5  ft.  5  h 
high,  grey  hair  and  moustache  an 
weighs  about  130  lbs.  Any  one  knowin 
of  his  whereabouts  kindly  communicai, 
with  Mrs.  W.  B.  Broughton,  105  "Vf 
Main  St.  Norfolk,   Va. 

*  *      * 

Julius  Smith,  formerly  of  L.  U.  Njj 
1073,  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  38  years  of  agJ 
height  5  ft.  8  in. ;  dark  brown  hair  an 
brown  eyes,  goes  also  under  the  names  < 
Julius  Utain  and  Julius  Summers, 
one  knowing  of  his  whereabouts  kind] 
address  Mrs.  S.  J.  Utain,  3939  Car 
bridge  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


THE    CARPENTER 


3L 


Information  Wanted 

S.  A.  Dieckham,  formerly  a  member 
of  L.  U.  No.  73  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  whose 
picture  appears  herein,  last  heard  from 


in  New  Mexico.  Any  one  knowing  of 
Ills  whereabouts  kindly  notify  Mrs.  S.  A. 
Dieckham,  1522  Destreham  St.,  St. 
Louis,  Mo. 

*      *      * 

Lawrence  H.  Collins,  whose  picture 
appears  herein,  was  last  heard  of  in 
Mount  Vernon,  N.  Y.     Any  one  knowing 


f  his  whereabouts  kindly  communicate 
nth  Mrs.  Minnie  Collins,  78  Hallock 
t,  New  Haven,  Conn. 

« 

Carpenters'   Union  and   Auxiliary 
Have  Party 

Carpenters'  L.  U.  No.  943  and  Ladies' 
uxiliary  No.  83,  of  Tulsa,  Okla.,  held 
joint  meeting  at  Carpenters  Hall,  Tues- 
ay  Evening,  May  2,  when  a  large  class 
as  initiated  as  a  result  of  the  mem- 
iship  drive  instituted  by  the  women, 
hey  made  a  special  effort  to  find  large 
imilies  eligible  for  membership.  At 
•esent  the  record  is  held  by,  Judge  G. 
tl.  Warren,  with  mother,  wife,  two  sis- 
rs  and  three  daughters.  After  the 
eeting  refreshments,  music  and  danc- 
g  were  indulged  in.  Altogether  it  was 
i  enjoyable  affair  and  they  feel  that 
ey  will  soon  have  one  of  the  best  locals 
d  auxiliaries  in  the  State. 


Deaths  In  Industry 

Dangers  in  industry  are  recalled  by 
figgures  issued  by  the  State  Workmen's 
Compensation  Board. 

From  January  1,  1916,  to  March  31, 
this  year,  1,171,668  industrial  accidents 
were  reported  in  the  State  of  Pennsyl- 
vania. Of  these  16,661  were  fatal, 
3,200  involved  disability  and  1,151,807 
temporary  disability. 

During  the  first  three  months  of  the 
present  year  there  were  495  fatal  acci- 
dents, 38  cases  of  permanent  disability 
and  35,075  cases  of  temporary  disability. 

Since  the  inception  of  the  Workmen's 
Compensation  Act,  January  1,  1916, 
403,053  compensation  agreements  have 
been  approved  and  compensation  totaling 
$33,480,497  awarded  for  fatal  industrial 
accidents. 


Did  You? 

Did  you  give  him  a  lift?     He's  a  brother  of 

man, 
And  bearing  about  all  the  burden  he  can. 
Did  you  give  him  a  smile?     He  was  downcast 

and  blue, 
And  a  smile  would  have  helped  him  to  battle 

it  through. 

Did  you  give  him  your  hand  ?     He  was  slipping 

down  hill, 
And  the  world,   so   he  fancied,   was  using  him. 

ill. 
Did  you  give  him  a  word  ?     Did  you  show  him 

the  road, 
Or  did  you  just  let  him  go  on  with  his  load? 

Do  you  know  what  it  means  to  be  losing  the 

fight 
When  a  lift  just  in  time  might  set  everything 

right  ? 
Do  you   know  what  it  means,  just   a   clasp   of 

the  hand 
When  a  man's  borne  about  all  a  man  ought  to 

stand  ? 

Did   you   ask   what  it  was,   why   the   quivering 

lip? 
"Why  the  half  suppressed  sob  and  the  scalding 

teardrip  V 
Were  you  brother  of  his  when  the  time  came  of 

need? 
Did  you  offer  to  help  him  or  didn't  you  heed? 
• 

The  Man  Who  Sticks 

The  man  who  sticks  has  the  lesson  learned; 
Success  doesn't   come   by   chance — it's   earned 
By  pounding  away  ;  for  good  hard  knocks 
Will    make    stepping    stones    of    the    stumbling 

blocks  ; 
He  knows  in  his  heart  that  he  cannot  fail ; 
That  no  ill  fortune  can  make  him  quail ; 
While  his  will  is  strong  and  his  courage  high, 
For  he's  good  for  another  try  ; 
He  doesn't  expect  by  a  single  stride 
To  jump  to  the  front ;  he's  satisfied 
To  do  every  day  his  level  best ; 
And  let  the  future  take  care  of  the  rest; 
He  doesn't  believe  he's  held  down  by  the  boss  ; 
It's  work  and  not  favor  that  gets  across. 
So  his  motto's  this  :    "What  another   man 
Has  been  able  to  handle  I  surely  can." 
For  the  man  who  sticks  has  the  sense  to  see 
He  can  make  himself  what  he  wants  to  be. 
If  he'll  off  with  his  coat  and  pitch  right  in. 
Why,  the  man  who  sticks  can't  help  but  win  ! 

— Exchange. 


How  to  Read  Blue- 
prints and  Plans. 


What  You  Should 
Know  About  Arch- 
itectural Drawing. 


How  to  Use  k 
Steel  Square  Sq 
cessfully. 


What  You 
Should  Know 
About  Sheet 
Metal  Work. 


How  to  Be  a 

Successful 
Building  Su- 
perintendent. 


What    You 

Should  Know 
About  Heat- 
ing and  Ven- 
tilating. 


A  Thousand  Things 

EVERY  day  in  your  work  you  get  up-against  new  problei 
sometimes  it  is  only  -orne  old  'sticker'  coming  in  a  new  i 
Just  the  same  though  it  takes  a  lot  of  time  to  figure  then) 
Don't  do  it.  Here's  everything  worked  out  for  you.  Every  < 
lem  big  or  little  that  you  will  meet  in  a  day's  work.  Hundred 
new  ideas  and  better  ways  of  doing  things.  Hundreds  of  wajl 
other  fellows  are  making  money.  Hundreds  of  ways  you  can  | 
more  out  of  the  same  work  you  are  doing  now. 

Cyclopedia  of 

Carpentry  ai 

ractina 

in  genuine  American  Morocco  with  2136M 
plans,  pictures  and  diagrams.     It  is  tint 
cal  work  of  its  kind  ever  published.     T«j 
■ed  these  great  books,  gathering  the  niB 
rces.     Every  man  in  the  shop  and  on 


frcn   ". 


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Row  to  Write  and 
Read  Building  Spec- 
ifications. 


What  You  Should 
Know  About  Water 
Supply  and  Drain- 
age. 


How  to   Estimt< 
the  Cost  of  a  B  : 
ing. 


lat  You  Should 
ow  About  Car- 
itry   and    Build- 


How  to  Build  a 
Frame  or  a  Brick 
Structure. 


What  You  Should 
Know  About  Con- 
tracts and  Legal 
Relations. 


u  Ought  To  Know 

:'  old  days  of  hit-or-miss  experience  are  passed.  You  have  got 
riv  if  you  want  to  keep  in  the  running  now.  A  little  of  your 
time  and  the  Cyclopedia  of  Carpentry  and  Contracting  will 
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our  engineers  and  experts  on  any  building  proposition,  any 
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How  to  Know 
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Select  the 
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iooo  New 
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It  You  Should 
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■|g  and  Painting. 


.  Name * 

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■  Reference " 

Please  fill  out  atl  of  tfo  'so  lines. 


Casual  Comment 


Every  effort  possible  should  be  made 
in  these  times  toward  strengthening  our 
organization.  Don't  stop,  but  keep  on 
striving  for  that  500.000. 

*  *      * 

It  was  stated  in  debate  on  the  Senate 
floor  that :  The  Shipping  Board  and 
Emergency  Fleet  Corporation  together 
employ  eighty  lawyers  who  are  paid  a 
total  of  $650,000  per  year.  Perhaps  the 
eighty  lawyers  drew  the  ship  subsidy 
bill! 

*  *      * 

Employers  have  been  running  with 
the  tide  for  the  past  eighteen  months. 
Before  long  the  tide  will  be  setting  the 
other  way.     Then  what? 


of  wage  earners  idle  in  the  greatest  de- 
pression this  country  has  ever  experi- 
enced, the  American  "Woolen  Company 
coolly  announces  that  its  profits  last 
year  were  §9,192,621.73.  In  1920, 
another  year  of  depression,  the  profits, 
totaled  §6,855,259.16 

*      *      * 

In  his  report  on  last  year's  profits, 
President  Wood  said  that  it  was  one  of 
the  most  trying  years  in  the  Company's 
experience.  It  is  quite  possible,  how- 
ever, that  the  trust  officials  can  survive 
their  troubles,  in  view  of  the  fabulous 
incomes  at  a  time  when  wages  are  cut, 
millions  unemployed,  and  farmers  and 
small  business    men   are  being  ruined. 


From  the  point  of  view  of  increasing 
operating  revenues,  the  railroads  have 
had,  in  recent  years,  more  money  to 
spend  in  maintaining  and  improving 
their  properties  than  ever  before  and 
their  net  revenues  over  and  above  all 
costs  of  labor  and  supplies  and  other 
operating  expenses  have  been  greater — 
yet  they  still  cry  for  a  further  reduction 
in  wages. 

*  *      * 

The  capitalistic  papers  of  our  country 
have  lately  published  the  news  told  them 
by  the  American  Meat  Packers,  that 
they,  the  packers,  have  lost  over  §5,000,- 
000  last  year.  We  have  up  to  date  heard 
of  nobody  finding  this  money. 

*  *      * 

Coal  operators  are  law  abiding  people 
when  they  have  all  the  law  their  way 
but  when  it  does  not  suit  them,  they 
ignore  it,  and  they  say,  "the  law  be 
damned  as  well  as  the  public",  and  the 
funny  part  of  it  is,  they  get  away  with  it. 

*  *      * 

Building  activities  continue  to  increase 
in  volume  and  as  a  result  the  absorption 
of  building  trades  labor  increases.  If  the 
present  gains  are  maintained  for  the 
next  six  months,  one  does  not  have  to  be 
a  prophet  to  predict  a  determined  labor 
shortage  in  many  of  the  basic  trades. 

*  *      * 

The  question  in  the  public  mind  today 
is :  What  is  making  the  price  of  building 
material  higher? 

*  *      * 

With  wages  going  down  and  millions 


Secretary  Mellon  says  the  Government 
has  not  yet  received  that  S29.000.000 
in  war  profits  Henry  Ford  announced 
that  he  had  turned  back  to  the  treasury. 
That  was  almost  exactly  the  amount  of 
the  fine  Uncle  John  D.  did  not  turn  in. 
to   the  Government. 

*  *     .* 

''The  time  has  gone  by  for  adminis- 
tering oxygen  to  the  railroads"',  declares 
the  Wall  Street  Journal.  Then  we  would 
suggest  chloroform. 

*  *      * 

The  "Open  Shop-',  campaign  against 
the  wages-earners  may  be  called  a  howl- 
ing success ;  but  the  bulk  of  the  howling 
is   done  by  the  said  promoters. 

*  *      * 

Now  is  the  time  for  all  good  members 
to  forget  petty  bickerings  and  subordin- 
ate everything  to  the  campaign  for  a 
larger  membership.  Now  is  the  appoint- 
ed time. 

*  *      * 

The  men  who  are  today  fighting  the 
organization  of  the  workers  are  the 
greatest  little  organizers  in  captivity 
themselves.  And  we  will  rise  to  remark 
that  they  are  class  conscious  to  the  nth 

degree. 

*  *      * 

The  Jones  ship  subsidy  bill  creates  a 
naval  reserve  which  is  to  have  no  naval 
training,  but  which  would  be  on  the  job 
in  case  of  strike.  The  bill  makes  it 
simple  —  and  cheap  —  to  bring  Chinese 
into  the  United  States  and  keep  thera 
there. 


THE    CARPENTER 


35 


Ships  that  cost  $80  a  ton  to  build  will 
be  sold  at  about  $20,  financed  on  2  per 
cent  loans  from  Uncle  Sam,  recondi- 
tioned in  like  manner  and  may  be  oper- 
ated for  fifteen  years  before  a  nickel  is 
required  in  repayment  to  the  Govern- 
ment. Uncle  Sam  and  the  workers  are 
to  get  soaked  "right  between  the  eyes." 

*  *      * 

After  considering  the  duty  on  various 
commodities,  the  average  Congressmen 
might  give  a  little  attention  to  that  he 
owes  his  constituents. 

*  ft        »N 

With  the  Federal  Trade  Commission 
blocked  and  the  coal  owners  profits 
guarded  from  public  gaze,  it  is  of  in- 
terest to  note  how  courts  apply  their 
theory  of  "production"  and  "commerce" 
when  labor  is  involved. 

*  *      * 

Judge  Gary,  of  the  steel  trust,  calmly 
announces  increased  prices  for  steel  pro- 
ducts. Last  May  wages  were  reduced 
20  per  cent  on  the  ground  that  price 
reductions  and  general -prosperity  would 
follow.  The  Judge  beleives  in  playing 
both  ends  against  the  middle. 

*  *      * 

Senator  Parry  of  Essex,  N.  J.,  has 
just  discovered  that  the  New  Jersey  leg- 
islature gives  the  railroads  better  service 
than  it  does  the  people.  Its  funny  how 
some  legislators  are  always  discovering 
things  that  everybody  knew  of  long 
before. 

*  *      * 

Seamen  employed  on  ships  owned  by 
the  United  States  Government  are  paid 
a  lower  wage  than  Japanese  seamen  re- 
ceive, declares  the  Seamen's  Journal. 
Our  discerning  readers  know  that  we 
are  referring  to  vessels  owned  by  the 
United  States  Shipping  Board,  paid  for 
in  Liberty  Bonds  by  the  American  peo- 
ple, operated  by  the  Admiral  line,  carry- 
ing Chinese  crews  and  paid  at  Chinese 
wages.  What  a  sordid  combination  in 
the  ships  flying  the  Stars  and  Stripes  at 
their  mast  head. 

The  National  Coal  Association  is  out 
to  "squeeze"  consumers  again.  Not 
long  ago  all  the  newspapers  carried  a 
story  written  by  George  Otis  Smith,  who 
is  paid  by  the  people  of  the  United 
States  to  direct  the  Geological  Survey, 
but  who  finds  time  to  write  articles  "ex- 
clusively for  the  National  Coal  Associa- 
tion. 


William  Jennings  Bryan  always  has  a 
new  plan.  He  now  has  a  plan  for  set- 
tling strikes.  The  trouble  with  Bryan 
is  that  he  is  strong  on  plans,  but  weak 
on  performance, 

*  *      * 

Congress  is  worrying  about  the  duty 
on  unexposed  films  and  the  censors  are 
wailing  about  some  of  the  exposures. 

*  *      * 

Labor  lost  many  a  battle,  but  it  never 
lost  a  war. 

*  *      * 

With  the  average  employer  a  contract 
loses  all  its  sacredness  the  moment  con- 
ditions are  such  that  something  can  be 
gained  by  breaking  it. 

Between  Henry  Ford  with  his  forty 
hour  week,  and  Judge  Gary,  with  his 
seven  days  of  12  hours,  there  is  the  ac- 
cumulated experience  of  the  last  2,000 
years. 

Henry  Ford  hasn't  increased  his  popu- 
larity in  certain  quarters  by  declaring 
that  the  workers  are  entitled  to  and 
should  receive  at  least  two  days  in  seven. 

*  #      # 

Warriner,  one  of  the  coal  barons  of 
Pennsylvania,  coldly  informed  the  peo- 
ple of  the  United  States  that  if  the 
miners  were  successful  the  price  of 
Anthracite  coal  would  advance  $3  per 
ton,  because  (supposedly)  the  coal  baron 
would  have  to  pay  the  miner  that  much 
more  wages. 

According  to  the  mine  owners  the  soft 
coal  industry  last  year  was  operated  as 
a  philanthropy.  While  consumers  paid 
double  prices  for  coal,  the  coal  miners 
have  been  practically  destitute,  so  we 
wonder  who  got  the  philanthropy. 

*  *      * 

If  Organized  Labor  follows  suit  in  the 
campaign  started  against  organized 
baseball  by  the  Chicago  unions  and  with- 
holds its  patronage.  Mr.  Kenesaw  Moun- 
tain Landis  will  regret  giving  up  his  life 
time  position  on  the  Federal  Bench — 
we  herewith  extend  our  sympathy? 

In  the  inevitable  readjustment  which 
is  slowly  and  painfully  being  worked 
out  in  economic  relations,  the  average 
laborer  should  not  be  expected  to  return 
to  pre-war  standards  of  wages  and 
living. 

*  *      * 

One  question  Organized  Labor  is  very 
much  interested  in  just  now  is:  Who 
constitutes  the  Associated  Employers? 


.  Our   Last   Genera!   Convention 

recommended    that    we 

Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising  of  the  Union  Label  of 
the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
be  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
and  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
that  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 


ARDS 


(Illustration  below) 


We  "want  to  get  the 
advertising  of  o  u  r 
Label  in  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  homes, 
as  well  as  clubs,  etc. 
It  is  an  indisputable 
fact  that  a  depend- 
able grade  of  play- 
ing cards  with  "ad" 
on  back,  carries  the 
message  of  PUB- 
LICITY —  not  for  a 
day — but  IMPRES- 
SIVELY and  for  in- 
definite period. 
With  our  four  hun- 
dred thousand  mem- 
bers to  use  and  dis- 
tribute the  adver- 
tisement that  these 
cards  carry,  wonder- 
ful results  will  be 
achieved. 

You  won't  have  to 
apologize  for  the 
quality  of  the  Broth- 
erhood playing 
cards. 


The  cards  will  b< 
furnished  in  eithei 
(or  both'  regulai 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  an 
urged  to  carry  i 
supply  of  cards  01 
hand  to  meet  de 
mands  at  all  times.- 

We  hope  our  entin 
membership  will  in 
terest  themselves  ii 
seeing  that  thei 
friends  use  Brother 
hood  cards. 

There  is  but  a  smal 
percentage  of  peopi 
who  don't  use  play 
ing  cards  for  inno 
cent  amusement 
hence  the  opportun 
ity  is  big  for  adver 
tising  our  L  a  b  e 
through  this  me 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

and  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing  a  grade  of  card 
fully  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  tlv 
cards  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders,  accompanied  by  remittance,,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary, 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Trado  Notos 


Carpenters'  District  Council  of  Lowell, 
Mass.,  advises  that  they  have  renewed 
heir  agreement  with  the  Contractors' 
Association  for  the  ensuing  year  for  the 
same  rate  of  wages,  90  cents  an  hour, 
md  forty-four  hours  per  week. 
*      *      * 

L.  U.  No.  358,  Tipton,  Ind.,  reports 
hat  they  have  signed  up  for  an  S-hour 
lay  and  4S  hours  a  week  at  75c  an  hour. 

;  A  new  Local  has  just  been  organized 
t  Pearl  River,  N.  Y.     Some  of  the  mem- 

|  ers  of  Spring  Valley  Local  got  together 
nd  journeyed  to  Pearl  River,  where  they 
tarted  the  new  Local.  The  new  union 
<  in  the  same  district  as  Spring  Valley, 
ut  hard  to  control,  but  the  outlook  now 
;  for  the  better,  as  the  union  men  get 
le  preference  and  the  wages  are  $8  per 
ay. 

L.  U.  No.  195,  Peru,  111.,  notifies  us 
lat  they  have  won  their  fight  and  set- 
ed  for  90c  an  hour. 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 

The  mine  strike  in  South  Africa, 
Inch  had  lasted  for  67  days,  is  ended, 
ie  order  for  its  cessation  having  been 
mfirmed  by  all  the  unions  concerned, 
•ting  independently  of  the  workers' 
1  deration. 

*  *      * 

The  effort  of  the  Labor  party  to  in- 
tce  the  British  Government  to  institute 
[jli  inquiry  into  the  lockout  in  the  en- 
neering  trades  was  defeated  in  the 
'list'  of  Commons,  1G2  to  SO. 

The  strike  of  metal  workers  at  Stutt- 
i-t,  Germany,  now  involves  ISO  plants 
<1  41.000  workers.  Ten  thousand  em- 
>yes  in  other  plants  have  announced 
•y  will  join  the  movement. 

*  *      * 

I^niployment  exchanges  in  France 
md  permanent  and  temporary  employ- 
nt  in  1021  for  over  1,000,000  work- 

,;-  Work  was  found  for  250.000  wo- 
n  and  nearly   500.000   general   labor- 

1  •     Twenty-five  per  cent  of  the  vacan- 

<  s  filled  involved  a  change  of  residence 

1   the  workers. 


Thirty  Danish  trade  unions  decided  on 
a  general  strike  beginning  April  1st  in 
retaliation  for  the  general  lockout,  which 
was  declared  February  15th,  affecting 
nearly  all  industries  and  about  150,000 
employes.  All  public  works  are  being 
closely  guarded,  and  soldiers  have  been 
ordered  to  protect  voluntary  workers. 

*  *      * 

The  coal  strike  in  Czecho- Slovakia  has 
brought  about  such  high  coal  prices  that 
many  German  factories  in  Saxony  and 
Bavaria  are  now  at  a  standstill. 

*  *  # 

New  factories,  flour  mills,  a  saw  mill, 
water  works,  a  turpentine  factory,  a 
modern  steam  bakery,  a  leather  factory, 
and  a  paper  mill  are  listed  among  the 
present  building  activities  of  Finland, 
and  will,  of  course,  furnish  employment 
to  a  large  number  of  workers. 

*  *      * 

On  Government  intervention,  5,000 
toolmakers  and  electrical  workers,  re- 
cently on  strike,  have  returned  to  work 
The  strike  was  called  on  account  of  the 
dismissal  of  six  workmen,  and  was  seri- 
ously affecting  the  largest  electrical 
plants  in  Hungary. 

The  opening  of  additional  shoe,  rex- 
tile,  and  cigarette  facrories  indicates  a 
marked  stimulation  of  industry  in 
Hungary.  Present  shoe  production  will 
be  augmented  by  3,500  pairs  of  shoes 
per  day.  The  film  industry  is  also  grow- 
ing rapidly. 

Seamen  of  several  Japanese  lines,  in- 
cluding the  Toyo  Risen  Raisha.  Nippon 
Yusen  Raisha  and  Osaka  Shosen  Raisha. 
have  been  granted  a  27  per  cent  increase 
in  wages  after  demanding  a  100  per 
cent  raise. 

*  *      * 

The  average  pay  of  a  workingman  in 
Russia  now  is  50.000  rubles  a  month. 
or  about  50c  in  American  money. 


The  trade  union  movement  in  America 
is  not  revolutionary.  It  docs  not  expect 
to  change  the  system  of  wealth  produc- 
tion by  a  platform,  nor  reform  all  prop- 
erty relations  by  a  vole. 


38 


THE     CARPEN'TE  1 


The  United  States  Government  Saving 
System 

The  United  States  Government  Saving 
System  now  offers  a  very  attractive 
form  of  investment  in  Treasury  Saving; 
Certificates.  They  are  issued  in  denom- 
inations of  825.  $100  and  $1,000  and 
sold  for  $20,  $80  and  $800.  They  are 
exempt  from  state  and  local  taxation 
(save  estate  and  inheritance  taxes)  and 
from  the  normal  Federal  income  tax. 
They  mature  in  five  years  and  if  held 
until  that  time  they  return  25  per  cent 
on  the  investment,  paying  interest  at  the 
rate  of  41oC  compounded  semi-annual- 
ly. If  an  emergency  should  arise  these 
certificates  can  be  cashed  and  the  money 
invested  will  be  returned  with  interest 
at  the  rate  of  3  %  -c  compounded  semi- 
annually from  the  date  of  purchase. 
These  certificates  are  registered  in  the 
United  States  Treasury  Department,  and 
the  purchaser  loses  nothing  if  they  are 
lost  or  stolen.  Taking  into  consideration 
the  tax  exemption  feature,  the  high  rate 
of  interest  paid  by  the  Government,  and 
the  absolute  security  of  the  money  while 
invested,  there  is  no  better  opportunity 
offered  to  people  who  desire  to  save  their 
money  and  have  it  earn  something  for 
them.  These  certificates  are  on  sale  at 
all  Post  Offices  and  at  most  of  the  banks. 
or  they  can  be  purchased  direct  from 
the  United  States  Government  Savings 
System.  Washington.  D.  C. 


As  :t  gardener's  tool,  planting  and 
cultivating. 

Jimmy   (opening  desks  i . 

My  goodness  yes !  also  to  drive  and 
remove  screws. — The  Telephone  Review, 
New  York. 


What  a  Screwdriver  Can  Do 

Manicuring  tool. 

Chisel  to  split  wood. 

Crowbar  to  lift  boxes,  pry  open  cases, 
and  windows,  etc. 

Hammer — using  the  handle  as  a 
mallet. 

Scraper — removing  paint,  removing 
chewing  gum  from  soles  of  shoes. 

Tire  iron — removing,  placing  pneu- 
matic tires. 

Paddle — for  mixing  paints. 

Putty  knife. 

Prying  lids  from  friction-top  cans,  or 
plug  holes  in  milk  cans. 

Removing  tacks. 

Reamer  for  enlarging  holes. 

Making  holes  in  wood  for  starting 
screws. 

lee  pick. 

Tool  for  insertion  in  electrical  bight 
sockets  to  see  if  there  is  juice  on  the 
line. 

Removing  caps  from  bottles. 

Toasting  fork. 


Couplet 

When  money  has  entered  its  place  aright,  and 

its  power  is  understood. 
It   will   spell    a    Tery    beautiful    thing,    and   the 

name  is  Brother!?  ood. 

— Marie  B.  Lindesav 

. 

An  Order  To  Be  Filled 

Two  negroes  were  working  in  a  coa' 
bin  in  a  Mississippi  town,  one  down  i; 
the  bin  throwing  out  the  coal  and  the 
other  outside  wielding  a  shovel.  Tin 
one  inside  picked  up  a  large  lump  am 
heaving  it  carelessly  into  the  air,  strucl 
the  other  a  resounding  blow  on  the  head 

As  soon  as  the  victim  had  recoverei 
from  his  momentary  daze  he  walked  ove 
to  the  edge  of  the  bin,  and,  peering  dowi 
at  his  mate,  said : 

'  "Nigger,  how  come  you  don't  watcl 
where  you  throws  dat  coal?  You  don 
hit  me  smack  on  de  haid." 

The  other  one  looked  surprised. 

"Did  I  hit  you?" 

"You  sho  did,"  came  the  answer 
"And  I  ies'  wants  to  tell  you,  I'se  beei 
promising  the  debil  a  man  a  long  time 
and  you  certainly  does  resemble  m; 
promise." 


Do  As  You'd  Be  Done  By 

If  you*d  help  the  world  a  bit, 

Do  as  you"d  be  done  by  ; 
If  you'd  help  to  brighten  it, 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by  ; 
If  you  have  a  blessing,  let 
Someone  share  it ;  don't  forget, 
Selfishness  will  bring  regret — 
Do  as  you'd  be  done  by. 

If  _you'd  help  the  world  along, 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by ; 
If  you'd  help  to  fight  the*  wrong, 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by  : 
Sing  a  happy,  gladsome  song, 
Sing  it  steady,  sing  it  long. 
Sing  it  to  the  lis'ning  throng — 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by. 

If  you'd  help  the  world  today, 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by  ; 
If  you  would  its  grief  allay, 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by  ; 
Say  your  kind  words  while  you  may. 
Do  your  kind  deeds  right  away, 
Peace  shall  come,  with  you  to  stay — 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by. 

Let  the  old  world  sneer  at  you — 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by  ; 
Keep  your  purpose  strong  and  true — 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by  ; 
Every  unkind  deed  you  do 
Bears  its  seed  of  bitter  rue ; 
Don't  expect  the  good  in  lieu — 

Do  as  you'd  be  done  by. 


Craft  Probloms 


3 


HOW  TO  FRAME  A  ROOF  OF  EQUAL  PITCH 

By  Richard  M.  Van  Gaasbeek,  School  of  Science  and  Technology,  Pratt  Institute, 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y.) 

From  "A  Practical  Course  in  Roof  Framing,"  Published  By  F.   J.  Drake  Jc  Co., 

Chicago,  111.) 

An  equal  pitch  roof  is  one  in  which  the   center  lines   of  the  hip  and  valley 

11    rafters    throughout    the    entire    roof  rafter  running  the  diagonal  of  a  square, 

re  the   same   slant   or   pitch.      All    hip  Specifications 

nd  valley  rafters  cross  the  plate  at  an  Plate,  %  in.  by  2,  in. 


'  Plan  of  hip  and  valley  roof  of  equal  pitch,  from  which  the  working  layout  is  made. 


:!  do  of  .45   degrees.      The  jack  rafters  Hip    and    valley    rafters,     %     in.    by 

(  ss  the  plate  at  right  angles,  the  center  iy±  in. 

1  ss    of    which    intersecting    with    the  Common  and  jack  rafters,    %    in.   by 

(1  ter  lines  of  the  hip  and  valley  rafters  %  in. 

f  3i  a  perfect  square  with  the  facia  line,  Ridge,   %  in.  by  1%  in. 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


Projection.  iy2  in. 

Facia,  %  in. 

Planeher  level  to  plate  level,  1  Vi  in. 

Pitch  9  in.  rise  in  1  ft.    (%   pitch). 

Dimensions,   (see  plan,  Fig.  1). 

Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  centers. 

Layout. — A  full  size  working  layout 
of  the  plan,  Fig.  1,  should  be  drawn  on 
a  board  or  sheet  of  detail  paper.  The 
layout  will  represent  a  scale  of  1  in.  to 


pitch    of   the   roof,    projection,    width    of 
facia   and   the  planeher  level,    the   lines 
of  the  roof  that  are  seen.     The  frainer 
must  develop  the  lines  that  are  not  seen 
or  the  plate  levels.     In  laying  out   the 
birdsmouth  care  should  be  taken  to  have 
a  good  seat  cut  and  yet  not  weaken  the  ] 
rafter  at  this  point.     Lay  in  the  top  edge  J 
of    the    rafter    to    the    pitch    desired    as  \ 
::hown  in  Fig.  1,  and  second  line  parallel 


END    VIEW 


2 — Developed  length  of  common  rafter  No.  2. 


the  foot.  In  applying  the  various  meas- 
urements full  size,  substitute  the  word 
"feet"  for  "inches"  in  listing  the  runs 
and  lengths  of  the  various  rafters.  Num- 
ber each  rafter  and  ridge  as  shown  on 
the  plan.  Put  the  corresponding  num- 
ber on  the  rafters  as  they  are  laid  out 
so  as  to  insure  ready  identification  and 
proper  location  during  the  erection  of 
the  roof.  It  will  also  be  necessary  to 
develop  a  profile  of  a  common  rafter  on 
the  layout  as  shown  in  Fig.  1,  to  deter- 
mine the  proper  heights  of  the  walls. 

There  is  no  fixed  rule  for  determining 
the  distance  from  the  planeher  level  to 
the  plate  level.     The  architect  gives  the 


to  it,  a  distance  apart  equal  to  the  width 
of  the  stock  to  be  used  for  the  rafters. 
Measure  down  on  the  facia  from  the 
top  edge  of  the  rafter,  %  in.,  the  width 
of  the  facia,  noted  in  the  specifications 
and  produce  planeher  level  "F."  Meas- 
ure in  on  a  level  line  from  the  facia  hue. 
the  width  of  the  projection  \y%  in.,  anc 
produce  the  wall  line,  "B." 

In  laying  out  the  birdsmouth  the  au- 
thor has  found,  that  if  the  plate  level  is 
located  about  in  the  center  of  the  wal 
line  on  the  side  of  the  rafter,  it  generally 
works  out  in  good  proportions.  Locate 
the  center  of  the  rafter  on  wall  line' 
"B,"    Fig.    1,    and    produce    plate    level 


YEAR  The  UNIQUE  And  HANDY 

Reversible 
Brotherhood  Fob 


A  most  convenient,  and  ar- 
tistic fob.  Shows  Union  Label 
on  one  side  and  Emblem  on  the 
other,  both  beautifully  enam- 
eled in  correct  colors. 


tj 


mm 


Made  in  rich  art  grey  finish 
— the  latest  and  most  sought 
after  novelty  in  men's  wear. 

price  C  A|  cents 
is  but     %J\J 


.  In  accordance  with 

^■\\       the     action     of     our 
\:M     last  General   Conven-     S 

.>?     tion    to    more    extern      c 
J:0§      sively    advertise     our     fe 
. :  Union  Label  this 

beautiful    fob    is 
out  to  be  sold  at  a  popular  price,  thereby  enabling  us 
a  widespread  distribution. 


Send  all  orders  with  remittance  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary 

Carpenters'  Building,  22.2  E.  Michigan  St., 
Indianapolis,  Ind, 


42 


THE    CARPENTER 


"G."  Measure  the  distance  between 
plate  level  and  plancher  level  and  note 
the  distance  in  the  specifications,  1*4  in. 
The  plancher  level  and  plate  levels  are 
level  throughout  the  entire  building,  so 
that  this  distance  will  remain  constant 
for  the  entire  roof. 

To  Lay  Out  the  Common  Rafters. — 
The  pitch  of  common  rafters  No.  4  re- 
quired by  the  specifications  is  9  in.  rise 
in  1  ft.  The  run  is  taken  from  the  lay- 
out, Fig.  1,  measuring  from  the  facia 
line  to  the  center  of  the  ridge,  7%  in. 
Set  the  fence  and  square  at  9  in.  rise  on 


length  deduct  one-half  the  thickness  of 
the  ridge,  3-16  in.,  and  produce  line 
"D,"  the  cutting  length  of  the  rafter 
against  the  ridge.  To  complete  the  lay- 
out of  the  lower  end  of  the  rafter,  meas- 
ure in  from  facia  line  "A,"  measuring  on 
a  level  line,  1%  in.,  the  width  of  the 
projection,  1  eating  wall  line,  "B." 

Measure  down  on  facia  line  "A,"  from 
the  top  edge  of  the  rafter,  %  in.  the 
width  of  the  facia,  locating  plancher 
level  "F."  Measure  up  from  plancher 
level  "F,"  measuring  on  a  plumb  line, 
1%   in.,  locating  plate  level  "G."     Out 


.V 


3 — Developed  length  of  jack  rafter  No.  3. 


^71/^  V/EW 


the  tongue  and  12  in.  run  on  the  blade. 
Mark  on  the  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts 
and  on  the  blade  for  all  level  cuts.  Press 
the  fence  firmly  against  the  top  edge  of 
the  stock  to  be  used  and  produce  the 
facia  line  or  first  plumb  line  to  the 
extreme  right,  "A,"  Fig.  2.  Slide  the 
fence  to  the  left  and  measure  on  a  level 
line  from  facia  line  "A,"  the  run  of  the 
rafter  7%  in.,  and  produce  plumb  line 
"C,"  the  extreme  length  of  the  rafter  to 
the  center  line  of  the  ridge.     From  this 


on  line  "A"  for  the  facia,  on  lines  "G"1 
and  "B"  for  the  birdsmouth  and  on  lineij 
"D"  for  the  cut  against  the  ridge. 

To  Lay  Out  the  Jack  Rafters. — Thet 
length  of  jack  rafters  Nos.  1,  2  and  3  ares 
determined  in  the  same  manner  as  thel 
preceding  common  rafter,  as  they  are  a 
part  of  the  length  of  it.  Take  the  runs 
from  the  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring  from1 
the  facia  line  to  the  center  of  the  hip,, 
"E-F."  The  three  rafters  are  shown} 
developed  on  the  side  of  a  single  rafter, 


THE    CARPENTER 


43 


rig.  3.  In  practice  these  would  be  laid 
»ut  separately  and  are  laid  out  one  one 
mother,  only  to  save  space  and  to  avoid 
■epetition.  Press  the  fence>  firmly 
igainst  the  top  edge  of  the  stock  to  be 
lsed  and  produce  the  facia  line  or  first 
)lumb  line  to  the  extreme  right  "A," 
Tig.  3.  Slide  the  fence  to  the  left  and 
neasure  on  a  level  line  from  facia  line 
'A,"  the  run  of  No.  1,  2  in.,  the  run  of 
•after  No.  2,  4  in.,  and  the  run  of  rafter 
$o.  3,  6  in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  "C," 


the  stock  used  for  the  jack  rafter,  3-16 
in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  "1."  Con- 
nect plumb  line  "1,"  through  plumb  line 
"D,"  on  the  center  line  as  shown  at  "2," 
top  view,  Fig.  3.  The  top  cut  can  also 
be  laid  out  with  the  steel  square  by 
using  the  length,  15  in.,  (bridge  meas- 
ure of  the  run,  12  in.  and  the  rise,  9  in.), 
on  the  blade,  and  the  run,  12  in.  on  the 
tongue.  Mark  on  the  blade  for  the  top 
cut.  The  lower  end  of  the  jack  rafters 
is    a    duplicate    of    the   common    rafter. 


£TA/P  V/EW 


4 — Developed  length  of  jack  rafter  No.  5. 


?.  3,  the  extreme  lengths  of  the  rafters 
the  center  line  of  the  hip  rafter.  From 
s  length  deduct  one-half  the  thickness 
the  hip  measured  on  the  line  of  the 
k   rafters,    or    one-half    the    diagonal 

I  ckness  of  the  hip,  %  in.  full,  and 
]  >duce  plumb  line  "D,"  on  the  side  of 
jri  rafter.      Square  this  line  across  the 

I I  edge  and  locate  the  center  point.  To 
V  out  the  top  cut  so  that  the  jacks  will 
|against  the  side  of  the  hip  rafter  at 
1  proper  angle,  measure  forward  on  a 
iel  line  from  plumb  line  "D,"  a  dis- 
*  ce  equal  to  one-half  the  thickness  of 


Measure  in  from  facia  line  "A,"  meas- 
uring on  a  level  line,  1%  in.,  the  width 
of  the  projection,  locating  wall  line  "B." 
Measure  down  on  facia  line  "A','  from 
the  top  edge  of  the  rafter,  %  in.,  the 
width  of  the  facia,  locating  plancher 
level  "F."  Measure  up  from  plancher 
level  '"F,"  measuring  on  a  plumb  line, 
l1^  in.,  locating  plate  level  "G."  Cut 
on  line  "A"  for  the  facia,  on  lines  ,-<;" 
and  "B"  for  the  birdsmouth  and  on  bevel 
"2,"  on  plumb  line  "1"  for  the  cheek 
cut  against  the  hip  rafter. 

The  length  of  jack  rafters  Nos.   5,   6 


44 


THE     CARPENTER 


and  7  are  determined  in  the  same  man- 
ner as  the  preceding  jack  rafters,  the 
top  end  of  the  jacks  resting  against  the 
ridge  and  the  bottom  end  beveled  to  fit 
against  the  side  of  the  valley  rafter. 
Take  the  runs  from  the  layout,  Fig.  1, 
measuring  from  the  center  of  the  ridge 
to  the  center  of  the  valley  rafter.  G-H. 
Fig.  1.  The  three  rafters  are  shown  de- 
veloped on  the  side  of  a  single  rafter. 
Fig.  4.  In  practice  these  would  be  laid 
out  separately  and  are  laid  out  over  one 
aonther  only  to  save  space  and  to  avoid 
repetition.        Press      the     fence     firmly 


of  the  valley.    y2    in.   full,   and   produce 
plumb  line  "D."  on  the  side  of  the  raf- 
ter.    Square  this  line  across  the  top  edge 
and  locate  the  center  point.     To  lay  out 
the  top  cut  so  that  the  jacks  will  fit  at 
the  proper  angle,  measure  back  on  a  I 
line   from    plumb    line     "D."    a    distance 
equal   to  one-half  the   thickness   of 
stock  used  for  the  jack  rafters,  3-16  in., 
and  produce  plumb  line   "1."      Connect 
plumb  line  "1,"  through  plumb  line  "D 
on  the  center  line  as  shown  at  "2." 
view.   Pig.   4.      The  top  cut  can  air 
laid  out  with  the  steel  square 


Developed  length  of  the  hip  rafter. 


against  the  top  edge  of  the  stock  to  be 
used  and  produce  the  first  plumb  line  to 
the  extreme  left.  "C."  Fig.  4. 

le  the  fence  to  the  right  and  meas- 
ure on  a  level  line  the  run  of  rafter  No. 
5,  6%  in.,  the  run  of  rafter  No.  6,  i~-_ 
in.,  and  the  run  of  rafter  No.  7.  2%  in., 
and  produce  plumb  lino  "G,"  Fig.  4.  the 
extreme  length  of  the  jack  rafters  to 
the  center  line  cf  the  valley  rafter. 
From  the  top  end  of  the  rafter,  deduct 
one-half  the  thickness  of  the  ridge,  3-16 
in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  "D,"  the  cut- 
ting length  of  the  rafter  against  the 
ridge.  The  bottom  end  of  all  three  raf- 
ters are  beveled  to  make  a  fit  against  the 
side  of  the  valley  rafter.  First,  deduct 
one- half  the  thickness  of  the  valley  raf- 
ter measured  on  the  line  of  the  jack  raf- 
ter,  or  one-half  the   diagonal  thickness 


the  length,  15  in.,  (bridge  measure  ( 
the  run,  12  in.,  and  the  rise,  9 
the  blade  and  the  run,  12  in.  on  th 
tongue.  Mark  on  the  blade  for  the  to 
cut.  Cut  on  plumb  line  "D"  for  the  ex 
against  the  ridge  and  on  plumb  line  "1 
and  bevel  "2"  for  the  cheek  cut  again; 
the  valley  rafter. 

To  Lay  Out  the  Hip  Hafter. — Hip  an 
vailey  rafters  of  an  equal  pitch  r     : 
diagonally  at  an  angle  of  45  degi 
reference   to    the   plates    or   wa 
bunding.    The  common  rafters  run  V2  i 
in   1   ft.   of  run,   therefore   the  hip  ai 
valley  rafters  must  run  the  diagonal 
12  in.  and  12  in.,  or  approximately 
in.,  or  in  othe:  f   r  every  foot 

run  of  the  common  rafter,  the  hi 
runs  1  ft.  5  in.     If  it  does  not.  then  it 
not  an  equal  pitch  roof.     The  diagonal 


THE    CARPENTER 


45 


12  ft.  0  in.  and  12  ft.  0  in.  is  16  ft. 
11%  in.,  thus  losing  %  in.  in  12  ft.  0 
in.  The  diagonal  of  12  in.  and  12  in. 
is  so  near  17  in.,  that  it  can  be  safely 
used  as  a  constant  unit  for  laying  out 
all  hip  and  valley  rafters  for  equal  pitch 
roofs.  The  rise  is  the  same  as  the  com- 
mon rafter  9  in. 

The  common  rafter  as  it  rises  9  in., 
runs  12  in.,  while  the  hip  in  rising  9  in. 
travels  17  in.  The  run  of  the  hip  is 
taken  from  the  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring 
from  the  facia  line  to  the  butt  joint  be- 
tween the  hip  and  valley  rafter,   "A-T" 

7%.    Set  the  fence  and  square  at  9  in. 

10 

12  rise  on  the  tongue  and  17  in  run 
on  the  blade.  Mark  on  the  tongue  for 
all  plumb  cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all 


"FULL  LENGTH  ROOF  FRAMER" 

Is  a  book  to  save  the  time  and  brains  of  the  experts 
and  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  unexperi- 
enced. 

If  your  roof  It  pitched  It  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
what  shape,  style,  size  or  pitch.  It  has  230,400  roofs, 
with  lengths  and  bevels  of  Hips,  Valleys,  Jacks  and 
Commons. 

Here  Is  a  roof  at  randum.  Main  roof  37  ft.  5  1-4 
In.  wide,  43  ft.  9  1-2  In.  long.  Hip  at  one  end. 
gable  at   the  other   end. 

A  wing  to  extend  from  center  of  each  side  of  main 
building.  One  wing  17  ft.  'J  3-4  In.  wide,  12  ft.  6 
in.  out  with  Hip  roof.  Other  wing  21  ft.  11  1-2  In. 
wide,  15  ft.  7  in.  out  with  Gable  roof.  Pitch  of 
roofs   13  1-2   and    12.      28   in.    centers. 

Keep  this  example  and  sentl  for  a  book.  If  you  do 
not  know  lengths  and  cuts  of  all  Hips.  Valleys,  Jacks 
and  Common  rafters  in  3  minutes  after  getting  the 
system,    return    book. 

Send  no  money  until  you  get  book.  Return  at  any 
time  and  get  money   back. 

Four  Years  advertising  in  this  magazine  is  our 
recommendation.      Price    $1.25. 

A.   RIECHERS,   Pub. 
Palo  Alto,  Calif. 


measure  in  on  a  level  line  the  diagonal 
distance  of  the  projection,    1  */%    in.   and 


-Using  a  try-square  as  an  accessory  to  the  steel  square  to  lay  off 
part  of  a  foot  run. 


evel  cuts.  Press  the  fence  firmly 
igainst  the  top  edge  of  the  stock  to  be 
lsed  and  produce  the  facia  line  or  lirst 
tlumb  line  to  the  extreme  left,  "A," 
Wg.  5.  Slide  the  fence  to  the  right  and 
measure  on  a  level  line  from  facia  line 

7% 

'A,"  the  run  of  the  hip  10 and  pro- 

12 
luce  plumb  line  "T,"  Fig.  5,  the  extreme 
ength  of  the  hip  forming  the  butt  joint 
gainst  the  valley  rafter.      To  complete 
he  layout  of  the  lower  end  of  the  hip, 


1%    in.,   "A-B,"  Fig.   1,  or  2 —  Locating 

12 
wall  line  "B,"  Fig.  5.  Measure  down  on 
facia  lino  "A,"  from  the  top  edge  of  the 
rafter  %  in.,  the  width  of  the  facia  and 
produce  plancher  level  "F."  Measure 
up  from  plancher  level  "F,"  on  a  plumb 
line  1  !/4  in.,  locating  plate  level  "G,"  the 
distance  between  plate  level  and  planch- 
er level  being  the  same  for  both  common 
and  hip  rafters, 

To  make  the   return   on   the  facia  hue 


4G 


THE    CARPENTER 


at  the  corner  of  the  building  measure  in 
on  a  level  line  from  facia  line  "A,"  on 
the  side  of  the  hip,  a  distance  equal  to 
one-half  the  thickness  of  the  stock  used 
for  the  hip,  %  in.,  and  produce  plumb 
line  "1."  Square  this  line  across  the 
top  edge  of  the  rafter.  Also  measure 
facia  line  "A,"  across  the  top  edge  and 
locate  the  center  point.  Connect  plumb 
line  "1"  on  either  side  of  the  hip  rafter 
with  the  facia  line  on  the  center  line  of 
the  hip,  as  shown  in  the  top  view,  "2," 
Fig.  5.  This  top  cut  can  also  be  laid 
out  with  the  steel  square  by  using  9% 
in.  (bridge  measure  of  the  run  17  in. 
and  the  rose  9  in.)  on  the  blade  and  the 
run  8V2  bi-  on  the  tongue.  Mark  on  the 
blade  for  the  top  cut.  For  convenience, 
one-half  the  run  8%  in.  and  one-half  the 
rise,  4%  iis  used,  giving  the  bridge  meas- 
ure 9%  in.  Short  distances  can  very 
readily  be  laid  off  by  using  a  try-square 
in  conjunction  with  the  steel  square  as 
shown  in  Fig.  6. 

Rest  the  stock  of  the  try-square  against 
the  outside  edge  of  the  steel  square  and 
project  the  required  measurement  up 
from  the  steel  square  to  the  stock.  The 
steel  square  being  laid  out  in  twelfths 
of  an  inch,  it  is  a  simple  matter  to  make 
accurate  measurements.  There  is  al- 
ways a  temptation  to  measure  off  the 
level,  so  that  by  using  the  two  squares 
in  the  manner  suggested  possible  errors 
can  be  avoided.     For  example  to  lay  off 

iy2 

2 the    diagonal    of    the    projection, 

12 
place  the  stock  of  the  try-square  against 
the  top  edge  of  the  steel  square  with  the 
outside    edge    of    the    blade    of    the    try 
square    over   the   required    measurement 

1% 

2 on  the  blade  of  the  steel  square, 

12 
with  the  blade  of  the  try-square  resting 
on  the  stock,  coinciding  with  the  facia 
line.     Then  the  blade  of  the  try-square 
is    parallel    to    the    tongue    of    the   steel 

% 

square  2 in.  apart.     If  the  blade  of 

12 
the    try    square   is    over   the   facia   line, 
mark  on  the  tongue  of  the  steel  square 
for  the  wall  line,  which  will  be  exactly 
1% 

parallel  to  the  facia  line  2 in.  apart. 

12 
To  Back  the  Hip  Rafter. — It  will  be 
necessary  to  remove  the  corners  of  the 
hip    rafter   to  bring   the    center   line  in 


alinement  with  the  top  edge  of  the  jack 
and  common  rafters.  The  center  linos 
of  both  the  hip  and  valley  rafters  seek 
their  natural  position  when  laid  out  with 
the  steel  square.  Both  lines  meet  at  the 
apex.  If  the  hip  is  dropped  or  the  valley 
raised,  it  throws  the  center  line  out  of 
adjustment.  If  the  hip  is  dropped,  the 
roof  boards  will  only  have  a  bearing  on 
the  outside  edges  of  the  hip,  unle  s 
blocked  up  in  the  center.  Backing  the 
hip  or  removing  the  corners,  gives  a 
solid  bearing  for  the  roof  boards  and  is 
better  construction  than  dropping,  and 
keeps  the  rafters  in  their  natural  posi- 
tion. To  determine  the  amount  of  stock 
to  be  removed  in  beveling  the  corners  of 
the  hip  rafter,  produce  a  level  line  any 
where  on  the  side  of  the  rafter  as  at 
"L,"  Fig.  5.  From  the  top  edge  of  the 
rafter,  on  this  level  line,  point  off  one- 
half  the  thickness  of  the  stock  used  for 
the  hip,  %  in.,  as  at  "M."  Gauge  a  line 
through  this  point  parallel  to  the  top 
edge  of  the  rafter  on  either  side  of  the 
stock.  Also  gauge  a  line  through  the 
center  on  the  top  edge.  Remove  the 
corner  between  these  two  lines,  as  shown  t, 
in  the  end  view,  Fig.  5. 

To  Drop  the  Hip  Rafter. — If  it  is  de- 
sired to  drop  the  hip  rafter  avoid  th 
need  for  backing,  produce  a  level 
anywhere  on  the  side  of  the  hip,  as 
"N,"  Fig.  0.  From  the  top  edge  of  the 
rafter  on  this  level,  point  off  one-hall 
the  thickness  of  the  stock  used  for  thf 
hip,  %  in.,  as  at  "S."  Instead  of  gaug- 
ing a  line  through  this  point  as  in  back 
ing,  erect  a  perpendicular  line#.  Tin 
length  of  this  perpendicular  line  or  th< 
distance  between  "R-S,"  Fig.  5,  is  th< 
amount  of  stock  that  should  be  taken  of 
the  plate  level  as  shown  by  the  dottei 
line  "0,"  Fig.  5.  This  same  amount  0 
stock  should  also  be  removed  from  th: 
plancher  level  as  shown  by  the  dotte* 
line  "0." 

(To  be  Continued) 


the 
the 


As  the  old  darky  said:  "A  chicke 
am  the  'mos  usefulest  animule  dere  an 
Yo'  can  eat  him  befoah  he  am  bohn  a-, 
after  he  am  dead."  —  Farmer  an 
Breeder. 


The  Union  Label  appeals  not  to  fore 
but  to  reason;  establishes  confidence  i 
place  of  fear;  makes  no  one  ashamec 
but,  on  the  contrary,  invites  and  ei| 
courages  the  people  to  take  pride  in  wc 
doing. 


THE  CARPENTER 


47 


NEW  OPPORTUNITIES  FOR  CARPENTERS  IN  GYPSUM  WALLBOARD 
— AND  HOW  TO  USE  IT 


A  vast  new  field  has  been  opened  to 
carpenters  by  the  advent  of  gypsum  wall 
board,  because  these  boards  enable  the 
carpenter  to  make  genuine  gypsum 
plaster  walls  and  ceilings  uniformly 
%  in.  thick,  inexpensive,  yet  sufficiently 
durable  for  use  in  new  construction.  By 
far  the  larger  percentage  of  this  board 


fig.  A — Nailed  On  Walls  and  Ceilings. 
No.  Muss  or  Litter. 

3,  in  fact,  now  being  used  in  new  build- 
ngs  which  range  all  the  way  from  the 
heapest  house  to  residences  in  the 
50,000  class.  No  lathing  or  plastering 
5  necessary.  The  large  perfectly -in  old- 
d  sheets  are  nailed  directly  to  the 
tudding  or  joists  and  the  walls  and  ceil- 
lgs  are  then  ready  to  receive  the  deco- 
ltion,  which  may  consist  of  wall  paper, 
,,aint  or  calcimine,  either  with  or  with- 
I  i'ut  panel  strips. 

The  decorations  are  afforded  a  solid, 

ermanent  base  by  this  wall  board,  for 

f  le  reason  that  being  a  rock  product  it 

[|  impossible  for  it  to  warp,  shrink,  bulge 

ij*  buckle.     It  also  will  not  crack — will 

i  jen  bend  without  breaking — due  to  the 

anner  in  which  it  is  manufactured. 

Just    a    word    about    the    manner   in 

I  hich   this   board   is   manufactured  will 
t)  interesting.      The  gypsum   plaster  is 

I I  'St  mixed  with  water,  but  without  sand 
4  .■■  other  filler,   except  for  a  very  small 

'rcentage    of    wood    fiber.      It   is    then 

i|»  I  olded  by  a  continuous  process  between 

I  ro  sheets  of  tough  fibrous  material.     In 

I  \  e  kind  of  gypsum  wall  board  must  gen- 

I  ally  used,  the  fibrous  covering  is  fold- 

I    over   the   edges    squarely   in    such    a 

anner  as  to  afford  a  reinforcement  for 

e  nails,  the  nails  penetrating  through 


three  thicknesses  of  fiber  and  not  crack- 
ing the  gypsum.  This  patented  edge 
also  is  so  perfectly  formed  that  the 
boards  may  be  butted  tightly  together. 
After  being  hardened  under  ideal  condi- 
tions, the  boards,  which  are  32  and  48 
in.  in  width,  are  cut  into  various  lengths 
— 6,  7,  8,  9  and  10  ft. 

The  boards  are  remarkably  light 
in  weight  considering  their  thickness, 
strength  and  durability.  The  Under- 
writers' Laboratories,  Inc.,  following  ex- 
haustive fire,  strength  and  nailing  tests, 
have  approved  thi  3  kind  of  board.  Be- 
ing of  true  gypsum  piaster  and  dis- 
pensing with  lath,  the  construction 
meets  with  the  building  laws  of  prac- 
tically all  cities.  This  fireproof  feature 
makes  it  of  unusual  value  for  use  in 
lining  such  places  as  furnace  rooms  and 
garages. 

Opens  Opportunities  for  Carpenters 

Because  of  the  novelty  of  having  true 
plaster  partitions  and  ceilings  installed 
without  .the  muss  of  plastering,  many 
property  owners  use  the  gypsum  board 
to  carry  out  long- delayed  plans  for  re- 
pairing and  for  remodel  work,  such  as 
the  lining  of  attics,  furnace  rooms, 
garages  and  the  partitioning  off  of 
closets  and  extra  rooms.  It  is  esti- 
mated that  some  such  work  is  contem- 


J 


Fig.  B — The  Reinforced  Folded  Edge. 

plated  in  one  house  in  every  three,  and 
many  carpenters  are  finding  it  profitable 
to  go  after  this  class  of  repair  and  re- 
model work. 

Another  class  of  work  for  which 
gypsum  boards  are  peculiarly  adapted 
is  the  building  of  ceilings  in  stores. 
Here,  the  gypsum  board,  while  certainly 
as  pleasing  in  appearance  as  metal  ceil- 


IS 


THE    CARPENTER 


ings,   are   a   much  better  fire   protection 
and  are  less  expensive. 

The  cost  of  the  gypsum  board  on  the 
wall  is  about  the  same  as  that  of  other 
wall  boards,  and  will  usually  be  found 
cheaper  when  finished  in  fiat  surface 
effect  without  joint  panels.  The  board 
is  so  stiff  and  rigid  that,  when  ordered 
in  ceiling  height,  no  headers  or  cripples 


tween    two   planks   laid   on   saw   horses 
(see  cut). 


Proper  Application  Is  Important 

The  application  of  wall  board  de- 
serves the  same  care  as  the  finest  fitting 
and  joining  that  you  do  in  a  building. 
The    correct    method    of    application    is 


Fig.   C. 


are  required,  except  back  of  the  base 
board  on  walls  and  where  needed  to  pro- 
vide a  nailing  base  for  ends  of  boards 
on  both  walls  and  ceilings,  because  all 
four  edges  of  every  board  must  be  se- 
curely nailed.  The  fact  that  these 
boards  are  molded  almost  perfectly  uni- 
form results  in  a  minimum  amount  of 
cutting  and  fitting. 

The  board  is  quickly  cut  with  a  com- 
mon saw.  A  good  sharp  saw  should  be 
used  and  it  should  be  used  on  only  the 
gypsum  board  while  the  job  is  in  prog- 
ress. A  gypsum  board  will  not  injure 
the  saw.  To  saw,  the  board  should  be 
placed  on  a  bench,  trade-mark  side 
downward,  and  should  be  supported  close 
to  the  sawing  edges.  When  lengthwise 
of  the  board,  it  is  customary  to  saw  be- 


surprisingly  simple  and  as  you  are  sure 
to  be  called  upon  sooner  or  later  to  con- 
struct these  carpenter-built  walls  and 
ceilings,  we  are  going  to  give  you  below 
in  condensed  form,  all  of  the  points 
which  should  be  looked  to. 

Pointers  On  the  Construction  of 
Framework 

As  a  unit  wall  material  must,  of  neces- 
sity, take  the  shape  of  the  face  of  the 
studding  or  joist  to  which  it  is  nailed, 
it  is  important  to  see  that  the  wooden 
framework  is  properly  constructed.  Be- 
sides giving  better  results,  this  will  save 
a  great  deal  of  time  later  in  cutting  and 
fitting. 

Surfaced  2x4's  should  be  used  for 
studding   wherever    possible.      Place   all 


THE     CARPENTER 


49 


studs  and  joists  16  in.  on  centers.  Be- 
gin by  placing  a  stud  in  one  corner  of 
the  room  and  then  placing  studs  out  32 
in.  or  48  in.,  depending  on  whether  a  32 
or  48  in.  width  wall  board  will  be  used. 
Studs  should  be  exactly  32  in.  or  48  in. 
from  center  to  center  so  that  the  wall 
board  will  meet  at  the  center  of  stud, 
except  at  angles,  where  the  board  should 
cover  the  entire  face  of  the  stud.  Be 
sure  that  studs  stand  straight  and  even. 
Now  set  studs  in  between  on  16  in. 
centers. 

The  face  of  studs  must,  be  in  line  and 
even  with  the  face  of  the  plate.  Shim 
out  any  studs  that  are  out  of  alignment. 
A  stud  that  is  bowed  may  be  straight- 
ened by  making  a  saw  cut,  pushing  the 
stud  into  line  and  nailing  a  splice  to  the 
side.  Fig.  C. 

Double  studs  should  be  provided  at 
corners  of  rooms  and  at  all  external 
angles. 

On  intermediate  partitions,  sized  2x4's 
must  be  used  so  that  the  walls  will  line 
up  properly  on  both  sides. 


FIG.  D 


DETAIL  OF  CORNER 
ANGLES 


You  will  save  much  sawing  and  fitting 
if  you  will  apply  wall  board  to  all  bear- 
ing walls  and  ceilings  before  construct- 
ing the  non-bearing  partitions.  When, 
however,  you  erect  partitions  before  ceil- 
ings, a  backing  plate  should  be  placed 
along  the  top  edge  of  the  partitions  to 
which  to  nail  the  wall  board. 

Where  To  Use  Headers 

It  is  of  the  utmost  importance  that  a 
solid  nailing  base  be  provided  for  all 
lour  edges  of  gypsum  wall  board,  head- 
ers or  cripples  being  placed  where'  neces- 
sary. These  headers  should  be  2x4's  and 
should  be  placed  with  the  4  in.  side  out- 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

A  REAL   LEVEL  AND   PLUMB 
)or/<   Adjustable.         No  Holes  to  Cut 

Designed  es- 
pecially for  the 
Convenience  of 
Prog  ressive 
Mechanics. 

The  IT.  B.  A.  for 
Leveling,  Plumb- 
ing, Grades  and 
Pilches.  An  ;i!l 
around  Level  and 
Plumb,  to  be 
applied  to  any 
Length  Straight 
Edge.  All  Steel 
Base  Finished. 
Strictly  Rust 
Proof.  Thou- 
sandsof  satisfied 
users.  A  Real 
Tool.  Have  your 
Hardware  Dealer 
supply  you,  if  he 
cannot,  send  us 
his  name  and 
your  money  order 
and  we  will  mail 
you  direct. 
(Pocket    Size-3Jx4   inches) 

Price  &1.25 
THE  UNION  LEVEL  M'F'G  CO. 

1979   W.    I llth   Street  Chicago. 


ward  so  as  to  provide  a  4  in.  nailing 
surface.  When  the  girt  or  plate  has  not 
been  provided  between  the  studding  and 
intersection  of  walls  and  ceilings,  head- 
ers should  be  inserted. 

Unlike  the  non-rigid  type  of  wall 
board,  the  gypsum  wall  board  does  not 
require  headers  back  of  picture  moulds, 
plate  rail  or  chair  rail  unless  a  joint  is 
formed  at  these  points.  It  is,  however, 
important  to  have  headers  at  top  of  base- 
boards and  behind  all  kinds  of  fixtures 


Fig.  E — Frame  Made  for  %  in. 
Ground. 

which  are  to  be  attached  to  walls  or  ceil- 
ings. Be  sure  to  place  outlets  for  heat- 
ing apparatus,  gas  piping,  switch  boxes, 
electrical  wiring  and  other  fixtures  for 
%    in.   ground.      Do  not  allow  any  con- 


50 


THE     CARPENTER 


cealed  work  to  project  beyond  face  of 
studs,  joists  or  furring  strips. 

Window  and  Door  Frames 

All    window    and    door   frames    should 
be  cut  for  %  in.  grounds,  sufficient  space 

being  allowed  for  window  weight  pock- 
ets (see  Fig.  E).  T\  hen  frames  have  al- 
ready been  bought  for  grounds   heavier 

than   3s  in.,  vou  mav  cut  them  down  or 


Fig.     F — Wood     Strip     Inserted     Where 
Stock  Frame  Is  Used 

else  insert  a  strip  of  wood  of  the  neces- 
sary thickness  and  about  l1^  in.  wide 
under  the  outer  edge  of  the  casing.  An- 
other method  is  to  apply  a  back  band 
around  the  entire  casing,  or  you  can  use 
a  quarter  round  or  cove  molding  at  junc- 
tion of  the  casing  and  the  wall  board. 
Fig.  F. 

Preparation  of  .Masonry  Walls 

Brick,    hollow   tile   and   cement   block 

should  be  furred  with  1x2  in.  furring 
strips,  spaced  16  in.  on  centers  and  an- 
chored either  by  plugging  the  walls  or 
by  inserting  a  lath  in  mortar  joints  at 
16  in.  intervals.  The  wall  board  should 
be  nailed,  sides  and  ends,  direct  to  the 
furring  strips,  as  will  be  described  later. 
Use  lx4's  for  furring  around  chimneys. 

How     To     Use     Wall     Board     Over     Old 
Plastered    Walls     and     Ceilings 

All  uneven  plastered  wall  surfaces 
should  be  shimmed  out  level  and  straight 
and  all  ceilings  should  be  furred  with 
1x2  in.  strips,  placed  across  joists  spaced 
16  in.  apart  and  nailed  to  each  joist  with 
2  8-penny  common  nails.  "When  casings 
and  trim  are  less  than  x2  in.  thick,  re- 
move them  for  applying  wall  board  and 
retrim.  Carefully  locate  the  old  studs 
or  supports  by  sounding  and  nail  the 
wall  board  to  them  with  6-penny  com- 
mon nails.  Furring  is  not  necessary 
on  walls,  except  where  studs  are  ir- 
regularly spaced  or  where  plaster  sur- 
faces are  in  poor  condition. 


General  Directions  for  Application 

The  kind  of  gypsum  wall  board  with 
the  square  reinforced  edge  are  shown  in 
Fig.  B.  should  be  butted  tightly  together 
at  all  edges  and  where  edges  do  not  fit 
tight  the  board  should  be  scribed  with  a 
pair  of  dividers  and  made  to  fit.  Folded 
edges  should  be  placed  against  folded 
edges,  sawed  edges  against  sawed  edges; 
never  butt  a  folded  edge  against  a  sawed 
edge.  Place  the  trade-mark  side  of 
board  against  supports. 


Method  of  Nailing 

When  nailing  direct  to  supports.  3- 
penny  fine  flat-head  or  3-penny  fine 
countersunk  head  nails,  coated  or  gal- 
vanized should  be  used.  Nails  should 
not  be  less  than  iys  in.  in  length.  Si:: 
penny  common  nails  should  be  used  fur 
nailing  the  wall  board  to  old  plastered 
walls  which  have  not  been  furred. 

One  pound  of  3-penny  fine  flat-head 
nails  will  be  found  sufficient  for  200 
sq.  ft.  of  wall  board.  One  pound  of  3- 
penny  fine  countersunk  head  nails  for 
150  sq  ft.  of  wall  board.  On  old  plas- 
tered walls  not  furred,  about  one  pound 
of  6-penny  common  nails  will  do  for 
50  ft.  of  wall  board. 

To  drive  nails  use  a  bell-faced  ham- 
mer and  drive  the  nails  straight  into  the 
board,  head  slightly  below  the  surface, 
but  do  not  use  a  nail  set,  except  where 
necessary  at  internal  corners.  Draw  all 
edges  of  board  firmly  and  evenly  against 
the  supports. 

In  order  to  avoid  any  bowing  of  the 
board,  nail  as  follows :  First  nail  tht 
edge  of  the  board  where  it  joins  th* 
board  last  applied;  nail  the  first  inter 
mediate  stud  or  joist,  nail  the  seconc 
intermediate  stud  or  joist,  nail  the  sid< 
away  from  the  joining,  finally  nail  th< 
ends.  If  the  board  is  slightly  bowel 
set  several  nails  along  the  support,  plac 
the  board  tightly  against  the  suppor 
and  drive  the  nails  home.  This  will  pre 
vent  loosening  of  nails  which  have 
ready  been  driven. 

On  intermediate  supports  nails  shoul 
be  placed  6  in.  apart  on  ceilings  and 
in.  apart  on  walls.  On  all  sides  an 
ends  of  board,  nails  should  be  placed 
in.  apart,  and  should  be  spotted  about  ? 
in.  from  the  edge  on  both  walls  an 
ceilings. 


THE    CARPENTER 


51 


When  a  nail  does  not  hit  a  support,  it 
nust  be  removed  or  it  will  work  through 
he  decoration. 

Application  On   Ceilings 

Apply  gypsum  wall  board  to  ceilings 
irst.  Place  the  sheets  trade- mark  side 
lpward  parallel  with  the  joists..  Saw 
lorses  should  be  of  such  height  to  allow 
I  in.  or  3  in.  of  head  room. 


'    Fig.  G — Method  of  Application  On 
Ceilings. 

For  assisting  you  to  raise  a  board  into 
lace,  make  a  "T"  of  2x2's  about  1  in. 
uigor  than  the  height  of  the  ceiling 
see  Fig.  G). 

Tack  a  cleat  about  3  ft.  in  length 
long  the  top  of  the  studs,  placing  the 
)p  of  the  cleat  about  %  in.  from  the 
filing  (Fig.  G).  Place  one  end  of  the 
oard  under  the  cleat,  then  raise  the 
ther  end.  in  to  position  by  means  of  the 
T." 

Fit  the  first  board  on  ceilings  square 
ith  the  adjacent  walls,  re-cutting  the 
ids  of  any  boards  that  hare  been  made 
uperfect  by  handling. 

Stagger  joints  on  the  ceilings,  except 
hen  the  joints  are  to  be  paneled 
Pig.  G). 

Application  On  Walls 

Apply  the  board  full  length  up  and 
>wn  on  all  walls,  making  sure  that  .the 
•st  board  is  square  with  the  adjacent 
all. 

To  assist  you  in  lifting  the  board  so 
at  the  top  will  be  flush  with  the  ceil- 
S  board,  use  a  pry. 

\  \ 


Leave  until  last  the  spaces  above 
doors  and  above  and  below  windows, 
and  cover  these  spaces  with  cut  pieces 
of  board. 

On  opposite  sides  of  partitions,  per- 
pendicular joints  must  not  come  on  tlie 
same  stud. 

Boards  should  bo  butted  on  all  ex- 
ternal and  internal  angles.  On  external 
angles,  the  exposed  edge  of  the  board 
should  be  a  reinforced  edge,  as  illustrat- 
ed in  Fig.  D.  Proper  construction  of  in- 
ternal angles  is  also  illustrated  in 
Fig.  D. 

Treatment  of  Joints 

The  joints  of  the  gypsum  wall  board 
may,  of  course,  be  covered  with  wood 
panel  strips,  the  same  as  with  any  wall 
board.  This  is  undoubtedly  the  most 
durable  construction  and  results  in  a 
wall  as  free  from  cracks  as  any  that  can 
be  made  in  connection  with  frame  con- 


the  Joints. 


struction,  because  the  gypsum  board 
never  cracks  and  any  opening  at  the 
joints  due  to  settling  or  shrinkage  in 
the  structure  would  be  taken  care  of  by 
the  panel  strips. 

When  the  walls  are  to  be  wallpapered 
or  painted,  and  not  paneled,  the  joints 
of  the  square  folded  edge  board  (Fig.  B) 
should  be  filled  with  a  preparation 
known  as  finisher,  this  finisher  being 
quick  and  economical  to  use  and  binding 
the  boards  together  as  strongly  as  the 
remainder  of  the  wall  or  ceiling.  The 
finisher  is  applied  with  a  broad  bladed 
putty  knife  or  scraper  knife.  The  nail 
heads  are  also  concealed  by  meano  of  the 


THE     CARPEXTER 


finisher.  Owing  to  the  fact  that  any 
rough  places  in  the  finished  joints  will 
show  through  the  decoration,  extreme 
care  should  be  taken  in  smoothing  down 
the  finisher  and  the  manufacturer's 
directions  should  be  followed  in  every 
particular. 

Methods  of  Decorating 

When  wood  panel  strips  are  to  be 
tised,  it  is  important  that  the  panel  ar- 
rangement be  skillfully  planned.  The 
use  of  the  gypsum  board  permits  great 
latitude  in  panel  design  because  it  is  not 


scored  into  imitation  tile  effect.     Cheese- 
cloth or  lining  paper  is  frequently  pasted 


Fig.  K — Painting  Gypsum  Wall 
Board. 

necessary  to  panel  every  joint.  For  in- 
stance, you  may  employ  the  "individual 
panel,"  that  is,  a  series  of  rectangles, 
using,  perhaps,  a  small  cloverleaf  mould- 
ing, and  painting  the  space  within  each 
rectangle  a  different  color  from  the  space 
without.  For  straight  panel  work,  it  is 
customary  to  use  larger  panel  strips  for 
the  larger  rooms.  If  the  owner  does  not 
wish  to  spend  the  money  for  oak  or 
mahogany  in  order  to  have  his  panels 
match  the  other  woodwork,  a  birch  strip 
can  be  stained  to  resemble  the  hard 
wood. 

Because  gypsum  board  does  not  warp, 
shrink,  or  buckle  it  can  be  decorated  in 
any  way,  the  same  as  a  plastered  wall. 
When  wall  paper  is  used,  figure  designs 
are  preferable  to  plain  colors.  When 
walls  are  to  be  painted  and  not  paneled, 
strippled  effects  or  flat  tone  paints  are 
preferable  to  gloss  paints  or  calcimine. 
The  walls  of  bath  rooms,  etc.,  may  be 
handsomely    enameled,    and    if    desired, 


K  •    % 

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T"T 

ii  n  *    $ 

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'flip 

Jj|i;      I  -  , 

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— =r^::ggfea 

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Fis 


i — Panels    May    Be    Used    As    On 
Any  Other  Type  of  Wall. 


over  the  entire  surface  of  the  wall  board 
after  the  joinings  and  nail  heads  have 
been  treated  with  the  special  finisher. 
A  cheap  grade  of  wall  paper  is  often  em- 
ployed for  lining  paper,  the  puttern  side 
turned  in.  It  is  important  that  a  good 
varnish  sizing  be  used  over  gypsum 
board  before  decorations  of  whatever 
nature  are  applied. 


The  Closed  Shop 

This  is  an  expression  that  should  not 
be  confined  to  labor  unions  alone,  as  it 
applies  to  business  and  professional  or- 
ganizations as  well. 

The  merchants  join  the  Manufactur- 
ers' Association  for  their  protection  and 
the  outside  world  knows  nothing  that 
goes  on  behind  their  closed  doors. 

What  would  become  of  the  bankers  if 
they  did  not  join  the  "Bankers'  Associa- 
tion" and  contribute  to  the  American  De- 
fense League? 

If  the  doctor  hangs  out  his  sign  and 
begins  practicing  medicine  without  join- 
ing the  medical  society,  he  is  not  con- 
sidered ethical,  and  should  the  lawyei 
attempt  to  practice  and  not  join  the  "Bai 
Association,"  he  would  not  get  very  far 

All  of  these  are  "closed  shop"  insti- 
tutions, but  when  the  members  of  laboi 
unions  say  they  will  not  work  with  thos< 
who  do  not  belong  to  then-  organization 
it  is  heralded  as  a  crime  and  the  business 
and  professional  associations  advocat' 
their  destruction  by  law. 


THE    CARPENTER 


An  0?d  Timer 

On  the  18th  of  this  month,  fifty  years 
ago,  the  Cabinet  Makers'  and  Carpen- 
ters' Union  was  founded  in  Chicago,  111. 
The  originator  and  founder  of  that  union 
was  Julius  Baik,  whose  photograph  ap- 
pears   herein,    who,    in    1872,    was    em- 


'SU£ 


and    Biersdorf"     at 


ployed  by 
Mather  St.  and  Canal,  Chicago,  and 
while  there  employed  conceived  the  idea 
of  the  organization  which  he  later  put 
into  effect.  Brother  Baik,  who  at  this 
writing  is  89  years  of  age,  is  still  an 
active  member  of  L.  U.  No.  1367  of 
Chicago. 


Do  It  Now 

"I  plan  to  build  a  nifty  shack,"  the 
thoughtful  voter  sighs,  "when  normal 
times  again  come  back,  and  costs  don't 
liit  the  skies.  I'll  go  about,  the  business 
sharp,  nor  waste  a  golden  day,  when  car- 
penters consent  to  carp  for  wages  I  can 
pay.  When  lumber,  plaster,  nails  and 
iime  are  sold  for  what  they're  worth.  I 
Shalt  not  lose  a  moment's  time — I'll  build 
with  pep  and  mirth.  The  house  I've 
lreamed  of  in  the  past  will  go  up,  board 
ay  board,  when  plasterers  consent  to 
"(last  for  what  I  can  afford.  A  million 
nen  are  talking  thus,   and  if  they'd  go 


and  build,  and  cease  to  brood  and  fret 
and  cuss,  with  dire  misgivings  filled, 
we'd  soon  get  back  to  normalcy— you've 
heard  of  that,  mayhap;  Hie  normalcy 
that  Warren  (i.  has  placed  upon  the 
map.  Alas,  poor  dreaming,  hopeful  men, 
what  are  you  waiting  for?  You'll  never 
see  the  price  again  you  saw  before  the 
war.  Far  better  that  your  coin  were 
spent,  for  lumber,  lath  and  lime,  than 
keep  on  digging  up  the  rent  until  the 
end  of  time.  So  rock  your  doubts  and 
fears  to  sleep,  and  buy  some  brick  and 
stone,  and  build  yourself  a  donjou  keep 
that  you  can  call  your  own. 

— Walt  Mason,  the  Poet  Philosopher. 


The  Workingman 

I  sing  of  the  honest  workingman  of  every  dine 

and  race. 
The   man    who    risks    his    life    and    limbs    with 

bright  and  cheerful  face  ; 
The  man  who  doing  his  duty,  defleth  time  and 

space. 
Whose  labor  is  the  mainstay  of  the  nations. 

The  workingman's  the  motive  power  that  drives 

all  industry, 
To  me  the  toiler  represents  the  truest  chivalry; 
No  matter  where  he  toileth,  on  the  land,  or  on 

the  sea, 
The  toiler  is  the  mainstay  of  the  nations. 

Behold  him  in  the  mine's  dark  depths,  a-blast- 

ing  out  the  ore, 
Behold    him   in    the   foundry's   hell,    before   the 

furnace  door ; 
Behold    him   place    the   girders    high   above   the 
.city's  roar, 
And  you  behold  the  mainstay  of  the  na- 
tions. 

Hark  to  the  forest's  echoes   awakened  by  the 

strokes, 
He  plies  with  mighty  muscles,  as  he  fells  the 

sturdy  oaks ; 
Then  see  him  build  artistic  homes,  for  proud  or 

humble  folks, 
And  you  behold  the   mainstay  of  the  na- 
tions. 
The  workingman  creates  the  wealth  that  others 

take  away, 
The    workingman    is   king   of   men,   and   yet   is 

'neath  the  sway 
Of  Capital  the  overlord,  whose  time  is  spent 

in  play, 
While  the  toiler  shapes  the  progress  of  the 

nations. 

The  workingman    doth    hold   within   his   strong 

and  calloused  hand, 
A  power  to  make   him   reign   supreme,   in   this 

and  every  land  : 
The  power  is  in  his  Union  Card  that  no  foe  can 

withstand. 
And    the    Union    is    the    mainstay    of    the 

nations. 

God  bless  the  toiler, 

Whatever  be  bis  work ; 
God  bless  the  toiler. 

Be  he  Christian,  Jew  or  Turk  ; 
I  care  not   DOW   he  worships, 

Nor  where  he  bends  the  knee; 
The  toiler  is  the  hero, 

Tnat  most  appeals  to  me. 


l.  u.  :<"o.  :cg. 


T.  C.   WALSH. 

New  York  City. 


i%mmMmmo%%&  RAW-HIDE 


ELASTIC    CALKING    AND    GLAZING    COMPOUND 

For    Calking    Windows    and     Doors    Between     Frames    and 
Masonr>.      Saves   Coal   and    Decorations. 


LEARrl  DRAWING  g™  ^S^cnS  \S&To£ 

fits — 2.x  onr  special  price.     Instruments  are  made  of  genuine  solid 

German  Silrer  and  fine  steel,  and  come  in  a  handsome  velvet  lined 

case — 1  x  81    inches,    closed.      Espens    consider    these    instruments 

among  the  highest  grade  made. 

EBCC  Until  further  notice  we  will  include  with  each  se~ 

■  »■»  sirumcnts — A     Practical     Course    in     Mechanical     Drawing. 

This  course  in   mechanical   drawing  is  most  simple,    thorough   and 

successful   in   existence,    and   effers   every   man,    regardless   of   ag.\ 

educaticn    or   previous    experience,    the   chance    to    become 

>rt  time  and  make  up  to  $100  per  week. 

ist  send  us  your  name  and   address  and 

ij  $6.93    on   arrival   of  instruments   and 

;  fully  guaranteed  or  money  back.     This 

ofiter  is  limited — so  order  now.     Free  particulars  mailed  on   request. 

NATIONAL    INSTRUMENT  CO. 
Dept.   No.  6.  47C3   Horih    Hamilton   Ave.,   Chicago,   III. 


SEND  NO  MONEY 

Free    Course.      Iristr-i-e- 


Carsen:ers,     E  rickla\  er=.     Cot   -ac-rors,     -  u .  i  c  e  r  i     ar.ci 

bow.  It  will  help  you  hold  your  job — it  will  gc: 
you  a  better  job-^it  will  increase  your  earning  ca- 
pacity.     Special    Courses    for    each   trade.      Write,    at 

once,  :';r  Free  title  rri-.:  ir.i  Cattl:;  B    Sia'.i";  tiade, 

ARCHITECTURAL.    MECHANICAL.    SHEET 
METAL  AND  STRUCTURAL  DRAFTING 

"Pay  As   You   Study  Plan.''     T:t   ::V.   :-    :r.    ;"aii:y  ::: 


-STEEL  SUL" 


COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1904 


ICA.    Drexel    Bldg,,    Pnila,,    Fa. 


Baw-Hide  Compound  is  an  original  invention  that  is 
aixrat  the  consistency  of  putty,  and  tenaciously  adi.-.~ 
steel,  glass,  brick,  stone  and  all  other  ljuildiEg  materials. 
It  forms  a  tough,  protective  skin  on  the  surface  which  is 
impervious  to  heat,  cold  or  dampness,  allowing  the  ma- 
terial to  retain  its  moistare  and  elasticity,  which  in  turn 
permits  it  to  withstand  contraction  and  expansion,  vibra- 
tion and  settling  of  the  building. 

This   material   is    as    essential   to   comfort    and   ea 
as    weatherstripping,    and    every    Contractor    and    Builder 
who   is   looking   for  the   comfort   of   the   home   owner  will 
thoroughly  investigate  the  claims  we  make. 

Our   list    of    patrons    in    Chicago    include    most    of   the 
large  buildings  that  have  been  erected  in  recent  years. 

Excellent    field    for   contractors,    carpenters,   weather- 
strip   men    and    others,    to    make    additional    income 

WRITE   FOR   OUR   PROPOSITION 

Weatherproof  Compound  Co. 

DEPT.     B,    22ND     AND    ARCHER    AVE.,    CHICAGO 


*>  000  Mile  Cord  Tires 


Brand  new,  absolutely  first  cord  tires.  Guaranteed  8,000 
miles  and  adjusted  at  the  list  price  on  that  guarantee.  The 
prices  below  include  a  brand  new  United  States  Tube. 


30x3 I  9.50 

30x3'- < 11.25 

32x232 13.50 

31x4    14.10 

Send  no  money.    Jus 
and  the  number  you  want, 
unwrapped  for  inspection 


32x4    $16.10  33x4-5 $22.15 

33x4    17.00  34x4^ 23.20 

34x4    1S.80  35X4J-2 24.05 

32x4-2 21.10  33x5     25.25 

write  today  and  tell  us  tie  size  of  your  tires 
Tires  will  be  shipped  C.  O.  D.  with  section 
Ail  tires  have  non-skid  tread. 


CHARLES  TIRE  CORP.      Dept    520      2824  Wabash  Avenue,  Chicago 


YOU  CAN  WIN  THIS 
IDEAL  ALL-YEAR  CAR 

Can  jon  solve  this  puzzle?  Try 

itar.t  ser.i  y:ur  ar_s"er  today. 
S-reiy  y:a  tvar.t  this  fine  iteTr 
latest  model  Ford  Sedan. 


We  hare  gtren  away  nearly  "0  A~tss;  in  the  rast.  Nowwe 
wi.igt-ea  new  latest nstisi  rord  Sedan  ctntt'.ere  with  elec- 
tric: ;:gnts  and  starter,  sii  iing  -iat:  thass  wir.asws,  large  tires, 
cent  :  tr.ta't.e  rirr.s.  freight  and  tax  paid.  litis  is  the  ideai  car 
d-t  t  ;tti  sctrrtmer  an.  t  winter  ttse.     Own  a  tar  of  your  own. 

{~-~  ~:-  ~et:-  :  ::  '-'  ~-  ~-~'-  w:  r:  =  =t  ei!e  :  :t  :-~  - 1— :'ir=  in  :-.e  ci:t- 

Jts  "-:  .-:?-::    ..-■;  2.  :■  i_-  ;-.:=-_--.>;- i- s_  .;: .  1:  -  _.    5::.     What  are 

the  two_  words?    Caj  roa  work  it  ont?    Send  no  money  'With  your 

£t£ -.  sr,  Jtt=-  tzs   t~:  ~:::;s-:::::iLi;e  £:.:;:    :i;:. 

Sfind    fln^WP?    Today    Besides  ;e:=;  we  w-I^erre  away  Talking 

«JCim     HlioHtii      UJdy1     vi;.-;_-_%  =  T   1   :7::~,   wa:;--e=,    J::verware 

/  a-q  i-rre    _  ::  1:.  -,:;  :-  ca^n.    Ever7'.,ne  who  answers  can  snare  in 

r     ^;-£-:;r„ri.     i- :tt:-.?  ::—:-:-.  ::co.    Everybody  Wins'.    5-rt.eone 

V   eetsassca-.  ::  can  ;  =  j-.i.  Send  Answer  Today  ant  try  f:r  this  :ednn. 

/  FORD  WILLS0K,  Mgr.  141  W.Ohio  St..  Dept.  2737  Chicago.  III. 


r«i.:.:  j 


Go  "up  the  roof"  faster 

JOHNS-MANVILLE  Asbestos  Shingles 
makes  an  altogether  quick,  clean  job  that 
brings  you  to  the  ridge  pole  in  jiffy  time. 

There's  no  preliminary  tearing  off,  with  its 
dustiness  and  litter — an  unpleasant  job  for 
you  and  the  owner  both.  Just  lay  the  asbestos 
shingles  right  over  the  old  roof. 

They're  surprisingly  easy  to  lay.  The  nail- 
holes  are  in  them  and  the  nails  come  with 
them.  Every  shingle  is  straight  and  true — it's 
a  simple  matter  to  line  them  up  and  nail  them 
into  place. 

Best  of  all,  it's  a  job  that  you  can  be  proud 
of,  one  that  brings  in  new  business.  There 
isn't  a  better  looking  or  more  permanent  roof- 
ing than  Johns-Manville  Asbestos  Shingles. 

Why  not  handle  Johns-Manville  Asbestos 
Shingles  in  your  community?  Johns-Manville 
advertising  and  dealer's  helps  are  at  your 
service.  You  can  easily  build  up  a  steady, 
profitable  business  with  them. 

Write  our  nearest  branch,  or  to  the  address 
below  for  full  particulars. 

JOHNS-MANVILLE  Inc.     Madison  Ave.  at  41st  St.,  N.  T.  C. 

Branches  in  56  Large  Cities 

For  Canada :    Canadian  Johns-Manville  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto 


Tobacco  Is  Hurt ing  You 

Look  at  the  facts  square  in  the  iace,  Mr.  Tobacco  User.    You  may  thin 
tobacco  is  not  hurting  you. 

That  is  because  you  haven't  as  yet,  perhaps,  felt  the  effects  of  the  nicotine  poison  in  YOUj( 
system.    For  you  know  that  nicotine,  as  absorbed  into  the  system  through  smoking  and  chey| 
ing  tobacco,  is  a  slow  working  poison.     Slow,  yes— but  sure. 


Tobacco  is  lowering  your  efficiency.  It 
slows  a  man  down.  Makes  it  harder  for  you 
to  concentrate  your  mind  en  your  work.  You 
haven't  near  the  amount  of  '  ;pep"  and  energy 
you  would  have  if  you  stopped  using  it.  There's 

many  a  man  twice  as  old  as  you  in  years  who's  twice  as 
young  in  energy,  simply  because  he  lets  tobacco  alone. 

Some  day  you  will  realize  to  what  an  alarming  extent 
tobacco  has  undermined  your  system. 


When  your  hands  begin  to  tremble 
and  your  appetite  begins  to  fail— 
and  your  heart  seems  to  "skip  a  beat"  now  and  then— 
and  slight  exertion  makes  you  short  of  breath- 
then  you  have  a  right  to  suspect  that 
TOBACCO  is  getting  the  upper  hand. 

Any  well-informed  doctor  will  tell  you  that  these  a; 
only  a  few  of  many  symptoms  of  tobacco  poisoning. 

And  YOU  know  that  the  use  of  tobacco  in  any  foi 
is  an  expensive,  utterly  useless  habit.  You  know  y 
ought  to  quit. 


iabit  Banishe 


Let  Us  Help  You 


It  dosen't  make  a  particle  of  difference  whether  you've  been  a  user  of  tobacco 
for  a  single  month  or  50  years,  or  how  much  you  use,  or  in  what  form  you  use  it— 
whether  you  smoke  cigars,  cigarettes,  pipe,  chew  plug  or  fine  cut  or  use  snuff — 
Tobacco  Redeemer  will  positively  remove  all  craving  for  tobacco  in  any  form  in 
a  very  few  days.    Not  the  slightest  shock  to  the  nervous  system.  Your  tobacco 
craving  will  usually  begin  to  decrease  after  the  very  first  dose— there's  no 
long  waiting  for  results. 

Tobacco  Redeemer  contains  no  habit-forming  drugs  of  any  kind  and  is 
marvelously  quick,  scientific  and  thoroughly  reliable. 

It  is  in  no  sense  a  substitute  for  tobacco.  After  finishing 
the  treatment  you  have  absolutely  no  desire  to  use  tobacco  again 
or  to  continue  the  use  of  the  remedy.  It  helps  to  quiet  the 
nerves  and  make  you  feel  better  in  every  way. 

Results  Guaranteed  gttS&smfc  m 

money  -  back  guarantee  M 
goes  with  each  full  treatment.  We  will  refund  every  cent  you  pay  for  the  ■ 
treatment  if  after  taking  it  according  to  the  easy-to-follow  directions,  it  ■ 


Free  Book  Coup 


should  fail  to  banish  the  tobacco  habit  completely. 


NEWELL  PHARMACAL  CO. 

Dept.  584  St.  LouiM*' 

Please  send,  without  obligating  me  in  anj  |9 
your  free  booklet  regarding  the  tobacco  hab  a"11 


AV^fe.*W   rnnnnn  Pnw  Let  us  send  you  our  free  booklet  on   g      your  free  booklet  regarding  the  tobacco  hati*" 

%»!"    l\fl  ■   V-OUP°n   I01    the    deadly  effects  of  tobacco,  to-   ■       pr00f  that  Tobacco  Redeemer  will  positively  f  "'-■ 

&SUL1U  free  Proof  ^XvSth^c^ryteCg'hSS  ■     fromthetobaccohabitormymoneywillbcref.led. 


j country t 

they  have  been  absolutely  freed  from  the  tobacco  habit  by  this  simple 
home  treatment.  You  could  not  ask  for  stronger  proof  that  Tobacco 
Redeemer  will  free  you  from  the  habit  than  the  evidence  we  will  gladly 
send  on  request.    Just  mail  the  coupon— or  a  postal  will  do. 

NEWELL  PHARMACAL  CO. 

Dept.  584  St.  Louis,  Mo, 


Name  . 


Street  and  No. 


State.. 


Only  $1.00  with  the  coupon  below  brings  this  sen- 
sational furniture  bargain  to  your  home  on'  30 
days  trial.    Complete  6  piece  set  of  fumed  solid 
oak  livingroom  furniture  including  a  wonderfully 
comfortable  and  roomy  divan.  Only  $29.85 
for  the  complete  set  on  this  offer— on 
easy  payments,  too.  $40  was  the 
former  price  for  a  set  like  this 
— a  special  factory  sacrifice  makes 
this  slash  in  price  possible   now. 
Seize  this  opportunity  on  our  special 
approval  offer— we  take  the  risk. 

SO  Days  Trial 

When  you  get  this  magnificent  6- 
piece  library  set,  put  it  in  your  liv- 
ing room  or  library  and  use  it  freely 
for  30  days.  Note  the  massive,  solid 
construction —the  beautiful  finish— 
the  fine  upholstery  and  graceful 
lines.  Compare  it  with  anything  you 
can  buy  locally  at  anywhere  near 
thl  ime  price— even  for  6pot  cash.  Then  if  not  satisfied  for  any  reason, 
k\  n  the  set  at  our  expense  and  we  will  refund  your  $1.00  at  once,  plus 
an;  reight  charges  you  paid. 

C'llV  S2«*70  H  l^CHl^fe  If  you  decide  to  keep  the  set. 
mm&  T***  #W  M  1TSVIIMB  gtart  paying  only  $2.70  a 
™J  nntil  you  have  paid  S29.S5.  A  full  year  to  pay— at  the  rate  of  only  a  few  cent9 
jl  Thia  wonderful  value  is  not  listed  in  our  regular  catalog.  We  have  only  a  limited 
»o<  rof  sets. We  trust  honest  people  anywhereinthe  U.S.  One  price  to  all,  cash 
or*  lit.    Nodiscountfor  cash.  Notone  penny  extra  for  credit.    NoC.O.D.         :■■■ 

(ice  Slashed!— Send  Now 


New 
6-Piece  Set 

Fumed  Solid  Oak 


This  superb  6- piece  set  is  made  of  selected  solid  oak 
throughout,  finished  in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown  fumed 
oak.  All  the  four  chairs  are  padded;  seats  uphol- 
stered with  brown  Delavan  Spanish  leather,  the  best 
imitation  of  genuine  Spanish  leather  known.  The  up- 
bolstering  fs  a  rich  brown  color. 

Large  Divan  provides  extra  seating  capacity.  It  is 
an  unusually  massive,  comfortable  piece  with  beauti- 
fully designed  back.  Arms  are  broad  and  comfortable. 
Measures  46  inches  wide  outside  and  36  inches  long 
inside.  Thickly  padded  scat  is  19  inches  deep.  Height 
of  back  is  22  inches.  Posts  are  extra  massive. 
Arm  Chair  is  a  roomyt  dignified  piece  of  furni- 
ture, comfortable  and  big  enough  for  a  very  large 
person  while  not  seeming  too  large  for  the  ordinary 
occupant.  Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in.,  height  36  in. 
Arm  Rocker  is  a  massive,  stately,  comfortable 
piece,  with  beautifully  designed  back.  wide,  shapely 
arms,  and  smooth  operating  runners.  Seat  19  x  17  1-2 
in.,  height  36  in. 

Sewing  Rocker  Is  unusually  attractive  and  aseful. 
Seat  17  x  17  in.,  height  35  in. 

Library  Table  — A  beautiful  piece  of  library  fur- 
niture. Beautifully  designed  ends  to  match  chairs 
with  roomy  magazine  shelf  below.  Legs  cut  of  2  in. 
stock;  massive,  dignified.  Top  measures  23  1-4  x  34  (n. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces.  A  dec- 
oration to  your  living  room  or  library.  Carefully 
built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2  in.  high;  the  top 
12x12  inches. 

Entire  set  shipped  knocked  down  construction.  Easy 

to  set  up.    Saves  freight  charges.  Wt.  about  175  lbs. 

Order  by  No.    B6944A.     $1.00    wiih 

coupon,  £2.70  a  month,  price  S29.85. 


e  Bargain  Catalog 

< 3  thousands  of  bargains  in 
ire,  jewelry, carpets,  rugs, 
j  "a,  silverware,  phono- 
:  a,  stoves,  porch  and  lawn 
J  ure,  women's,  men's  and 
I  en's  wearing  apparel. 


Don't  delay.  Just  send 
$1.00  along  with  the  cou- 
pon as  a  deposit.  If  you 
wish  to  return  the  set  after 
30  days,  your  dollar  will  be  refunded,  plus 
all  freight  charges  which  you  paid.  Remem- 
ber, this  is  a  special,  limited,  reduced  price 
offer.  First  come,  first  served.  Get  your  set 
while  this  offer  lasts.  30  days  trial  —  we 
take  all  the  risk.    Send  coupon  now . 


aus  &  Schram, 


Register   A-301 

West  35th  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


Straus  &  Schram,  Reg  A-301  ,  W.  35th  St,  Chicago 

Enclosed  find  $1.00.  Ship  special  advertised  6-Piece  Fumed 
Oak  Library  Set.  I  am  to  have  30  days  free  trial.  If  I  keep 
the  set,  I  will  pay  you  $2.70  monthlv.  If  not  satisfied.  I  am 
to  return  the  set  within  30  days  and  you  arc  to  refund  my 
money  and  any  freight  charges  I  paid. 

D  6-Piece  Library  Set,  No.  B6944A.  $29.85. 

Name 

Street,  R.  F.  D. 

or  Box  No 

Shipping 

Point  

Post 

Office State 

If  you  only  want  catalog  put  x  in  box  below: 

D  Fumture,Stoves,Jewelry  Q  Men's, Women' s,Chi!dren'sCIouiins 


U--CAN  MAKE  IT 

(in  your  spare  time) 

and  save  two  thirds  of 
retail  price.  5  styles  to 
choose  from,  including 
Console  Type. 
All  panels  5  ply  genuine 
mahogany  or  quartered 
oak. 

Make     them     for     your 
friends.  The  profit  on  one 
will  pay  for  your  own. 
Free    blueprint   and    cat= 
aiogue  upon  request. 
THE    CARPENTER   AND    CABINET 
MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO. 
1419  W.  Adams  St.  Chicago,  111. 


SKAT 


HAND  SOAP 

Let  Us  Send  You  a  Sample 
FREE 

WRITE  TO 

The  SKAT  Company 
Hartford,  Conn.       s: 


SIHIIOI 


CARPENTERS  HAND  BOOK 

For  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no  other  hand 
book  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  •rules  and  tables." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  2700  different 
lengths  of  rafters,  300  diuerent  lengths  of  braces 
and  the  proper  cuts  for  same. 
The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 

-    stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc., 

and    in    fact    all    the    up-to-date    information    and 

SHORT  CUT  RULES"  "for  every-day  use  in  a  first 

a-s  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A. 

"™  ——  *~  "~ ~5Iail  this  Conpon  to"*- —  '       '  "" " 

D.  A.   ROGERS, 
3604   Stevens   Are.,    Minneapolis,   Minn. 
.  Enclosed  find  $1.00  for  which  please  send  me  your  book 
1    CARPENTER     ANT)     BTJTLDEES     PRACTICAL     REXES 
I    FOR   EATING    OCT    WORK. 


Xame 

St.    and  No. 


:: 


Tovm    and   State 

The  Book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  baek. 


Truss 

APPLIANCE,   ie 


tic  Air  Cushions, 
and  draws  the  broken 
ogether  as  ycu  would 
en  limb.  No  salves. 
s.  Durable,  cheap, 
trial     to     prove    it. 


r    trade 
C.     E 


C.    E.    BROOKS,    Inventor      genuine. 

Brooks  Appliance  Co.,  252  F   State   St.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


THE  WC 

OD  WORKER'S 

FRIEND 

C.7.Z 

and 
so, 

wa 

**  s? 

ber  is   high. 

"V-     •  -ir    r. 

:    ::.-    i:  r.  i 
ime,    money 

to  you?     If 

day  trial. 
Gibson,  Ic 

w 

Hei: 

Wh 

sler  Mfg. 

Co." 

:\:gi    -   ---   er 
job.       Saves    t 
be   any  object 
.     Sold  on  30 

10  Days  Trial 

Send  only  SI  and  we  will 
Trail  you  a  Laehnite  on  10 
days  Free  Trial.  Compareit 
with  any  $500  diamond  for 
brilliance,  hardness,  and 
acid  resistance.  Guaran- 
teed ever-lasting.  Your 
choice  of  lady's  or  man's 

both  solid  gold.  If  you 
tell  it  from  a  diamond, 
dTtt  back  and  we  will  return 

11  at  once.   If  you  decide  to; 

send  52. 30   a  month   unti. 

is  paid.    No  red  tape. 

Write  Today  ft?,  J*E 

ce   of   rings,   enclose  $1  de- 
t.  300,000  now  wear  Lachnites 

Harold  UckmuCo.,2Q4S. Peoria  St,  Dept  A3 01  CbJc*f0,UL 


•T"    PLUMB  AND 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  mide 
aluminum.  Can  be  eas 
ly  attached  to  an 
siraigm  edge.  Simple 
adjust.  Guaranteed  a 
curate.  Size  3ii2|  in- 
Price  $1.00  Delivered- 
PIN    MANUFACTURIN 

CO. 
Box    1073.   Detroit,  Mie 


i  Plan 


|ou  are  ambitious  to  make  more  money, 
j  must  get  the  training  that  will  make 
worth  more.  It's  the  man  who  best 
I  his  head  that  becomes  foreman  and 
n-intendent  or  who  gets  the  most  busi- 
j  as  a  contractor. 
I  free  lesson  will  show  you  how  to  easily 

I  axe  a  building  expert — how  you  can  com- 
p  a  larger  income.  Not  a  penny  to  send 
lit,  only  the  coupon.     Mail  it  today. 

'.ain  at  Home  In  Spare  Time 

l!  Chicago  "Tech"  experts  will  train  you 
Mail  in  the  higher  branches  of  building. 
t|  will  give  you  the  practical  knowledge 
>need  to  command  big  pay  or  to  succeed 
i\  contractor.  The  cost  is  small,  the  terms 
lasy. 

Jme  of  the  Subjects  We  Teach 

If  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan.  How 
;  d   dimensions.      How    to    read    detail    drawings. 

0  o  lay  out  work  from  plans.     How  to  stake  out 

II  irs.      Practice    in    reading    complete    blue    print 

1  from  basement  to  roof,   etc.,    etc. 

Silting.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of  materials. 
|   ting  lime  and  labor.      How  to   figure  carpenter 

men  as  stairs,   roofing,   rafters,    etc.     Millwork: 

v   and    door    frames,    mouldings,    cornices,    etc. 

'out   the   steel   square.      Lathing    and   plastering. 

.tions.  Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work.  Fire- 
Glazing.     Plumbing.       Heating.        Wiring. 

to. 

'l tending.      Methods    of   work   on   all   classes    of 
'S3'    „F?es    and    Preparation     of    all    kinds    of 

•     Hiring   and   handling   men. 
Special    Courses    in    Architectural    Drafting    for 
ters  and  in   Plumbing   and   Heating   and  Venti- 
-all  taught  by  practical  men. 


Send  the  Coupon 

)o   money— only   the    coupon;    and   we   mail   the 
mod    and    full    information    about   our    courses. 
_  |UI1  ""•     Write  today. 

I '".GO    TECHNICAL    COLLEGE, 

« icago  '•Tech"    Building,  Chicago. 

t  obligation  on  me  please  send  Free  Trial  Les- 
ine  course  I  have  marked  X  below. 

J   Plan  Reading  and  Estimating. 
Architectural  Drafting. 


To  Train  Yoii 

Until  You 
in  a 


—Chief  Draftsman  Dobe"™ 

Write  and  I'll  tell  you  how  I  make  you  a 

first-class,  big-money-earning  draftsman 
in  a  very  few  months !  I  do  this  by  a 
method  no  other  man  or  institution  can 
imitate.  I  give  you  personal  training  at 
home  by  mail.  And  I  mean  just  what  I" 
say.  I  train  you  until  you  are  actually 
placed  in  a  position  paying  from  $250.00  to 
$300.00  per  month.  Six  thousand  drafts- 
men are  wanted  every  month .  Hu  rry  up 
and  register  so  you  can  start  earning. 


High-grade  plated  instruments.  Every  one  you  need. 
Packed  in  a  handsome  plush  lined  case.  Just  the  kind 
I  use  myself.  Write  to  me.  I  am  giving  it  entirely 
and  absolutely  free. 

Sent!  This  FREE 


It  costs  you  nothing  but  a  stamp  to  send  the  coupon 
for  my  free  book,  "Successful  Draftsmanship"  that 
tells  you  all.  It  tells  you  how  my  students  get  the 
good  positions  and  how  I  can  afford  to  train  you  until 
you  get  YOUR  position.  Remember,  6,000  men  wanted 
every  month.  So,  hurry!  Register  early  because  I 
can  take  only  a  few  students.    Send  coupon  NOW  ! 


iiiiiiiiiiiimii 


Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Dept.  A-531, 4001  Broadway,  Chicago,  III 


■  iiiiimiiiiMii 


Without  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  mail  your  book, 
"Successful  Draftsmanship,"  and  full  particulars  of  your 
liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  a  few  students. 


Auto  Owners   It's  Nerve 

wan  ted!    p0rce  from 

To  introduce  the  best  auto-  JL      111  W     11  Villi 


To  introduce  the  best  auto 
mobile  tires  in  the  world. 
Made  under  our  new  and  ex- 
clusive Internal  Hydraulic 
Expansion  Process  thatelim- 
inates  Blow-Out — Stone-Bruise 
— Rim-Cut  and  enables  us  to 
sell  our  tires  under,  a 


QUAHAPITEE 

We  want  an  agent  in  every 
community  to  use  and  in- 
troduce these  wonderful 
tires  at  our  astonishingly 
low  prices  to  all  motor  car  owners. 
Write  for  booklet  fully  describing  this  new 
process  and  explaining  our  amazing  in- 
troductory offer  to  owner  agents. 

Hydr@-UriifedTir@۩a 

Sept.  84     Chicago,  San  Francisco,  PoUstown,  Pa> 

|  3  &  S=PLY  VENEERED  PANELS" 

In  All  woods — All  thicknesses.    For  doors,  cab- 
inetwork   and    wainscoating.      Send    stamp 
for  stocklist  and  prices. 
DUNN  PLYWOOD  CO. 
J  Oxford  Bldg.,  Chicago,  III. 

I  ..,.i  -=*     ECorJolvrTzE™?"":'"!       ™*'  " 

1  AUTOMATIC  SASH  HOLDERS 


With 

Sash 
Weights, 
.Cords,  Pulleys, 
•Balances.    Etc. 


Eliinimne 

Window 
¥  -  J^J       Pockets 
Rattling  & 
■      Other     Nui- 
sances,   Save 
Time  &  Labor. 


Send  $1.00  for  trial  set  prepaid.     Mention  weight 
of  sash  when  ordering.     Address  Dept.   C. 

HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

30  Church  St.,  New  York.  City.  Boom  226-E 


IBllIIMOBMeHONOGRAPH 


Cut  out  big  profits.  Anyone  handy  with  toob 
can  make  a  cabinet  according  to  our  drawings 
and  simple  instructions.  We  furnish  mechan- 
ical parts  at  small  cost.  Drawings,  blue  prints, 
parti,   price  list,   etc..   free  on  request.     Write  today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  Ohio 


Nuxated  Iron 

that  helps  make  STRONG,  MAGNET- 
IC, FORCEFUL  MEN,  who  make  their 
overmastering  presence  felt  the  mo= 
ment  they  enter  a  room. 


NUXATED     IRON 

contains  the  principal  chemical  constituent  of 
active  living  nerve  force  in  a  form  which  most 
nearly  resembles  that  in  the  brain  and  nerve' 
cells  of  man.  It  also  contains  organic  iron  like 
the  iron  in  your  blood  and  like  the  iron  in 
spinach,  lentils  and  apples.  Organic  iron  en- 
riches the  blood  and  plenty  of  rich  red  blood  ■ 
means  more  nerve  force,  so  that  Nuxated  Iron 
not  only  feeds  what  might  be  termed  artificial 
nerve  force  to  the  nerve  cells,  but  it  stimulates 
the  blood  to  manufacture  a  greatly  increased 
supply  of  new  nerve  force.  If  you  arc  weak, 
nervous  or  run-down,  get  a  bottle  of  Nuxated 
Iron  today,  and  if  within  two  weeks'  time  you 
do  not  feel  that  it  has  increased  your  nerve 
force  and  made  you  feel  better  and  stronger  in 
every  way,  your  money  will  be  refunded.  Sold 
by  all  druggists. 


Why  Many  Men 

are  Old  at  40 


Perhaps    the    most   common 
cause  is  the  disturbed  condition 
of    an  important   gland.    Even 
men  of  iron  constitution  are  not 
exempt  from  this  amazingly  com- 
mon irregularity.  We  have  for  limited  distribution,  an 
ethically  accurate,  educational  and  interesting 

FREE  BOOK 

Its  message  may  prove  of  unsuspected  value  to  you. 
It  explains  how  a  disturbed  condition  of  this  vital 
gland  may  cause  sciatica,  backache,  painful  and 
tender  feet,  interrupted  sleep  and  other  extremely 
uncomfortable  and  often  serious  conditions.  It  tells 
of  Thermalaid,  a  simple  means  by  which  the  essential 
of  a  new  hygienic  principle,  done  into  convenient  form 
corrects  this  prostate  gland  condition  and  its  attend- 
ant health  faults  without  medicine,  massage,  or  knife. 
The  records  of  its  success  for  five  years  is  incontrover- 
tible.   The  book  is  free.    Simply  address 

THE  ELECTRO  THERMAL  COMPANY 

2808  Main  St.  Steubenville,  Ohio 


^f  to  work  or  school  and  recreation  is  on 
a  Ranger  bicycle.  Choice  of  44  styles  and 
Bizes.  30  Days'  Free  Trial.  Express  prepaid. 

fgMonthstoPay  SLSfWcSg 

easily  meets  the  small  payments. 

T'i was  Parts,  equipment  —  at  half  osaal  ,, 
•*VS  prices. Send nomoneu. Write foronr  «— 
remarkable  factory  prices  and  marvelous  terms. 

l  Dept'jVl  121  Chicago  free  catalog 


There  is  no  secrecy  about  the  mission 
of  the  Union  Label  as  its  success  de- 
pends upon  the  support  and  publicity 
given  it. 


Until  You  Try  This  Won 
derful  Treatment.  My  interns 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  on( 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informe 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments 
salves  and  other  local  applications  giv 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you   have  piles  in  any  form   write  for 
FREE  sample  of  Pane's  Pile  Tablets  and  yo 
will   bless  the  day   that  you  read  this.     Writ 
today. 
E.R.  PAGE,322B  Page  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mid 


SOOOMIUS 

GUARANTEED 


fas*. 

W 

?5i 


No  Rim  Cut»° 
No  Stone  Bruise 

Better  Tires  For  Less  Money 

Big  Hand  Made  Oversize  Tires. 
Built  to  stand  ruts  and  weath- 
er. None  better.  The  big  tire 
companies  no  longer  guarantee 
mileasre.  Our  ALL  ROAD 
TREADS  are  Guaranteed  8,000 
Miles  and  adjusted  on  this  mile- 
age basis.  Positively  Brand 
New  and  Firsts  at  lowest  prices 
ever  offered.  The  absolute  limit 
in  tire  bargains. 

Read  These  Prices 


«fc 


Size 

28x3 
30x3 

30  x  ZX, 
32  x  8fe 

31  x  4 
I  32x4 

ix4 
34x4 

1  x  iU 
35  x  43* 


Tires 

$  7.70 
7.60 
8.80 
11.35 
12.10 
14.10 
14.95 
15.45 
20.25 
21.50 


Tubes 

$1.25 
1.30 
1.50 
1.75 
1.80 
2.06 
2.10 
2.15 
2.50 
2.60 


S  ^i^^bt^tiej? 


Order  now.  Yon  risk  nothing.  Just  send  name  and 
address  and  size  and  number  of  tires  and  tubes 
wanted.  We  ship  C.  O.  D.  Pay  only  on  arrival.  Tires 
shipped  in  original  factory  wrapper.  If  after  exam- 
ination you  are  not  perfectly  satisfied  that  they  are 
the  finest,  most  serviceable  tires  made  and  the 
greatest  tire  bargain  you  ever  saw,  return  them. 
We  will  promptly  refund  your  money,  including 
postage.  Take  advantage  of  this  liberal  offer  now 
while  these  low  prices  last. 

All  orders  skipped  same  day  received. 

VFW  TIDE5  f"(\  34S7  Michigan  Ave. 
MUY1     SIRE,    ^U.,     Oept.3S.  Chicago,  Ml. 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  I'm m on: s 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  both  inside  uml  cnit.-iue  measurements 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  do 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
oner  and  you  will  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

84 1 C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


QUICK 

and 

ALWAYS 

RIGHT 

You  c  a  11  instantly 
mark  both  side  casings 
the  same  length,  with 
this  casing  gauge.  Post- 
paid for  45c  and  guaran- 
teed or  your  money  back. 

R.  P.  STANDEFORD 
0.  Box  981  Kansas  City,  Mo. 


Switzer's  Improved  Butt  and  Lock  Gauge 


For  Placing  Butt,  Mortising  for  lock, 
gauging  for  strike- plate.  Length  .';u 
in.,  width  1%   in.,  9-16  in.  thick. 

Design  neat,  Sheet  Steel  case,  dull 
nickel  finish,  marking  spurs  have 
slotted  hole,  permitting  adjustment 
for  clearance,  overcoming  difference 
in  width  of  lock  and  strike-plate,  be- 
ing fastened  to  blocks  carried  on 
screws  revolved  by  means  of  knurled 
nuts,  extending  through  indentures 
in,  but  below  surface  of,  the  case. 

If  not   carried  by   local   merchant, 
send  $2.00  P.  O.  money  order  to 

J.  D.  SWITZER 
Box  1 132.  Portland,  Oregon. 


IV 

by  modernizing  old 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
two  years. 

for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


The  IMPROVED  Rapid  Floor  Surfacer 


will  surfacr  right  up  to  tho 
wall  or  haspboard  without  the 
use  of  edoc-rollur. 

Just   the   machine   you   would 

want    for   surfacing    aH    lands 

of   wood    (ioors,    whether   ol<l 

or   new.      Will    smooih    down 

rapidly  and  easily  all 

joints     or    w  a  r  p  e  d 

\  edges.    Perfect  results 

3^  pn  a  ra  n  t  red.     Store 

2'i.OUO  In   u.e. 

|j£3»**      Send  for  Our  Freo 
Trial  Offer 

P  M.  L.  Schlueter 

*-'  ~  230  West   Illinois 

ies  Street.  Chicago 


PREMAX  WALL  TIES  AND  PLUGS 

Strong— -Permanent — Correctly  designed 

From  your  dealer  or  direct 

NIAGARA  METAL  STAMPING   CORPORATION 
Division  C  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y. 


The  Rustless  Rule 


RIC.U.S.PAXOH 


Made  of  Lurainoy.   a  special  alloy  of  Aluminum. 

Here  is  THK  Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  have.  It  won't  ruit, 
weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  a  steel  rule,  yet  is  just  ai 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  together  with  permanent 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  ui 
for  printed  matter  and  prices. 

THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 

7  Lafayette  Ave.  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 


K&E  MEASURING  TAPES 

are  well  made,  of  good   material,  and  are  reliable. 
Prices  Revised  Send  For  New  Price 
•    KEUFFEL 


516-20  S.IWhmSt. 


it    ESSER    Co.  • 

tn/Qffct  W/ic/<«e#.  HQBOKEN.N.  tS. 

MONTREAL 


■  Pcawin^Materials  *  Mathematical  and  Surveying  Instrument  *  MeasurmSTapea 


J 


NO  GUESS  WORK 


"^ 


The  "SPECIAL"  will  set  a  hand,  band, 
jig,  butcher  or  fret  saw  not  over  16 
gauge  just  as  it  left  the  manufacturer's 
hands,  and  can  be  used  by  anyone  ex- 
perienced or  not  in  saw-setting. 

CHAS.  MORRILL  New  York 


THEY 

Set  Saws 
just  right 


MORPILL 
SAWSETS 


THE   Wayvell   Chapped   Automatic   Ball    Bearing  Electrto 
Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish  your  ' 
new  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  them. 

As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishing 
floors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  flats,  apart- 
ments, etc.,  all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away  with. 
It  Is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and  , 
steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
erates. 

Only  surfacing  machine  having  roll- 
er   sanding    even    with    base- 
board   from    either    side 
machine,     doing     away     with 
uneven  work  of  edge  roll- 
er attachment.  Four  sizes. 

Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
cept  our  free   trial   offer 

(Machine  demon- 
strated also  at  our 
Branch  Office.  921 
Washington  Blvd., 
Chicago.) 
Man.   by  Wayvell 

Chappell   &  Co. 

38    N.    Jackson    St. 

Dept.   A. 

Waukegan,    III. 


P»t.  1912-1916 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 
TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 

Are  You  One  Of  Them? 

Sold  By  Leading  Hardware  Dealers  Everywhere 
Send  for  Book  :  "Care  of  Saws,"  free  to  members  of 

The  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York 


THE  GUNN  SELF-FASTENING  FOLDING  SAW  CLAMP 


Holds  the  Saw  TIGHT— Anywhere! 


Will  instantly  fasten  itself  to  work  bench,  tool  box, 
board,  joist,  or  pile  of  lumber,  rail  of  fence — to  any 
suitable  place — and  without  screws  or  nails,  or  any 
other  means  of  fastening;  stands  firmer  than  any 
other — with  their  troublesome  screws,  nails  and  braces. 
Made  of  best  malleable  iron,  13  inches  long;  weighs 
3  pounds;  folds  like  a  jack-knife;  can  be  carried  in 
coat  pocket.     Guaranteed  not  to  break. 

Price,    $2.00   at    Most   Good    Hardware  Stores, 
or  Sent   Prepaid   Anywhere   for  $2.00.      Money 

Refunded   if   Not  Satisfactory. 

CLAN    GUNN    FOLDING    SAW    CLAMP   CO., 

P.    0.    Box   643,    Pittsburgh,    Pa. 


The  Improved  Gem  Scriber 

The   Tool   of  Many    Uses,    One   "Best 
Bet"  for  all  Wood  Workers.    (Price  45c) 

Siweiyreb?  F.  Brais  &  Company 

1349  Cast  90th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio 


The  American  Woodworker 

Gasoline,  Kerosene,  or  Electric  Driven 
Used  on  the  Job  or  in  the  Shop 

Also  Made  With  Band  Saw  Attached 

Let  us  send  you  our  Bulletin  No.  77 
describing  this  and  other  profit  pro- 
ducers for  the  Carpenter,  Contrac- 
tor and  Builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Company 

136  Main  Street,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

New    York    Office,    50    Church    St. 
Philadelphia    Office,    The    Bourse. 


Mr.  Carpenter 


J  Wouldn't  You 
Like  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 

WEATHER= 

STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell  You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 

FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Ave.  Chicago 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 

The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time  by 

over  50%.     By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 

on  your  first  filing  job  alone.     It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 

cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says:       "The  Expert* 

Choice  File  files  18  hand  saws  and  Is  cheaper  at 

a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 

You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert's  Choice  doe9  not  prove 

to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used.      DELTA 

SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 

extra  hard  saw.      Buy    your    tools    of    the    dealer    who   sells 

Delta  Files.      He  is  the  quality  man. 

T-rinl  fifffr    If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20c. 
M  riui  \jii  er    25(,  of  30c  for  trla,     fl)e     gent    p^pna.      rj0 

this  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


f«t& 


"THE  HIGHEST  GRADE  FILE  MADE   ; 
D  E'LTA  "HAND    SAW"  FILE  S 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL' 
I 
MECHANIC'S    FAVORITE' 
< 
EXPERT'S   CHOICE  * 

does  twicf  the  work  in  half  the  time 
The  File  You  Will  Eventually  Use 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  tor 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


lie  but  Anger  Bit  File  nude —  We  will  deliver  oo  receipt  of  30  ctiti  eich. 


Send  for  Catalog 


Plumbing.  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing,  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40%  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 


B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


The  M.  F.   B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 


The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  "  (See 
cuts  Xos.  1  ami  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured  by 


1.      Strike=plate. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 


SEND  FOR  OUR  AGENCY 
PROPOSITION 

It's  Worth  $5000  a  Year  to  Many  of 

Our  Agents.     Its  Worth  That 

Much  To  You  Too 

The  housing  and  building  situation  is  more 
serious  now  than  any  time  in  history.  This 
is  thp  moment  of  opportunity  for  the  man 
wi  0  wants  to  get  into  a  business  of  his  own, 
if  ever,  and  in  a  field  where  he  makes  real 
money. 

The  weather  strip  business  is  an  unerowded 
field  and  there  are  places  still  where  we 
would  like  to  appoint  live  agents.  Perhaps 
there's  such  an  opportunity  light  in  your 
locality. 

Write  us  you  may  l>e  just  the  man  whom  we 
are  looking  for  and  just  the  big  opportunity 
that  has  been  awaiting  you. 

Unlike  most  businesses,  the  weatherstrip 
agent  needs  little  money  to  swing  it — prac- 
tically none. 

Everything  is  in  favor  for  the  active  ener- 
getic man.  So  write  for  our  cooperative 
selling  plan.  You  do  not  obligate  yourself 
in  the  least. 

ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP 

COMPANY 

12614  West  Kinzie  Street 

Chicago 


Huther  Bros.  Dado  Head 

The    Saw    That    Makes 
Intricate  Grooving  Easy 


Consists  of  two  outside  cutters  and 
enough  inside  cutters  to  perform  the 
required  cut. 

Cuts  any  width  groove 
jfiplsk  from     Vs      inch     to 

inches. 

>-**     "*'SW-         Outside  cutters  can  be' 

3^     .jflji         used    singly,    together, 

*^«9|    I  or  in  combination  with 

""■'-  - _--  as  many  inside  cutters 

as  desired. 

TTe  are  patentees  of  this  type  of  saw. 

More  than  fifty  years'  experience  in 
the  saw  manufacturing  field. 


Write  for  illustrated  catalog  or 
order  a  Dado  on  approval.  It 
may  be  returned  at  our  expense 

if   unsatisfactory. 


Huther   Bros.    Saw    Mfg.    Co. 

Rochester,   N.  Y. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World  Over 

Established  1790 
QUALITY   GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 


SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Send  10c  in  stamps  for  sample  ^-inch  Solid  Center  Bit. 
Selling  Agents: 

,0HN  ft,??*?**!  &  co"  SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

113  Chambers  St„ 
NEW  YORK,  CITY.  FISKDALE,  MASS. 


—**j?.~  -  ~  a?~-  ...... 


/Tor  Cverlastine  CconomyJ 

More  Money  for  Carpenters 

The  carpenter  who  is  making  the  best  money  today  is  the  man  who 
sells  additional  improvements  with  his  repair  jobs. 

The  best  opportunity,  many  of  our  friends  among  carpenters  tell  us, 
is  in  laying  %  -inch  Oak  Flooring  over  old,  worn  floors. 

Almost  any   home  owner  would  order  Oak  Flooring  if  he  really 

knew  how  low  the  cost  is.     For  people  outside  the  building  trades 

always  over-estimate  the  cost  of  Oak  Flooring.     It  is  easy  to  sell  when 

you  know  how.     It  will  not  interfere  with  your  work  and  it  means 

more  money  for  you. 

Write  for  our  free  booklets,  which  show  you  how 
to  turn  your  practical  building  knowledge  to  account 
for  yourself  by  becoming  an  Oak  Flooring  salesman 
on  the  side.  Why  not  talk  it  over  with  your  lumber 
dealer? 


For  general   specifi- 
cations, See  page  45R, 
16thEdition;page389, 
15th  Edition 


OAK  FLOORING  ADVERTISING  BUREAU 

1051  Ashland  Block,  Chicago,  HI. 


For  Twenty  Years  we  have  issued  this   Union  Stamp  for  use  under  our 

Voluntary     Arbitration     Contract 


\W0RKERS  UNION. 


OUR  STAMP   INSURES: 

Peaceful  Collective  Bargaining 

Forbids  Both  Strikes  and  Lockouts 

Disputes  Settled  by  Arbitration 

Steady    Employment  and    Skilled   Workmanship 

Prompt  Deliveries  to  Dealers  and  Public 

Peace  and  Success  to  Workers   and    Employers 

Prosperity   of   Shoe    Making    Communities 

As  loyal  union  men  and  women,  we  ask  you  to 
demand  shoes  bearing  the  above  Union  Stamp  on 
Sole,    Insole    or    Lining. 


Boot&Shoe  Workers  Union 

246  SUMMER  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 
■ftlHs  Lovely,  General  President.     Charles   L.  Baine,  General  Secretary-Treasurer 


ATM 


SILVER 


Efficient  Cutting, 
Easy  Operation 

The  success  of  Atkins  Silver 
Steel  Saws  is  attributed  to  their 
wonderful  cutting  ability  and 
their  ease  of  operation. 

They  are  made  scientifically  to 
overcome  wrist  strain  and  bind- 
ing in  the  cut.  Frequent  filing 
and  setting  is  unnecessary  be- 
cause our  formula,  Silver  Steel, 
and  our  special  taper  grinding  is 
a  guarantee  that  they  will  stay 
sharp  longer  and  operate  easier 
than  any  other  saw  made. 

Buy  Atkins  Saws,  give  them  a 
trial,  you  will  be  pleased  with  the 
results. 


Send  2$c  tor  carpenter 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense  Booklet. 


Atkins  stlei  Saws 

"The  Finest  On  Earth" 

E.C.ATKINS  ©  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  1837         THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPLE 

Home  Office  eovd  Factory,  INDLVNAPOLIS.IN DIANA 

C*u\txii&i\F&ctory.Hwrult(m  OMario 

M&chifte Knife  Factory,  Lojvcaster  N.Y« 

BraficAea  Curryiig  Complete  Stocks  In  The  FolhwingCUh* 

Atl&tvtb  New  Orleans  SecvUla 

Memphis  New  York  City        Pari*.  Frj?^?w 

Vexvco  vi  w»  »•*- 


Chicokfo 

Mir\j\»&poll» 


Portl  ojvd.Oro. 
Sm\  Francisco 


This  48-page 

Time  Book  is  Yours 

for  the  Asking 

Just  what  you've  been  wanting,  too.  The 
Sheetrock  Time  Book  contains  tables  and 
other  valuable  data  for  carpenters  and  con- 
tractors. Return  of  the  coupon  brings  you 
a  copy,  absolutely  free. 

We  are  making  you  this  present  because  w< 
want  you  to  become  better  acquainted  with  SHEET 
ROCK,  the  fireproof,  non -warping  wallboard.  Think  o 
it!  Ceiling -high  sheets  of  specially  toughened  Gypsun 
Plaster,  %  inch  thick  and  fibre  surfaced,  that  you  nai 
directly  to  the  studding  and  joists.  No  lathing  or  plaster 
ing.   It  costs  no  more  than  ordinary  wallboard. 

U^      Don't  forget  to  ask  for  your  Time  Book.   Better  send  th 
lO      coupon  now  while  you  have  it  in  mind. 


Sheefrock  comes  in  standard  sizes — %  in, 
thick,  32  or  48  in.  wide  and  6  to  JO  ft.  long 


5 
SHEETROCK 


zrkiMXBM  PROOF 


WAmfiOAR 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM    COMPAQ 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  111. 
Send  my  SHEETROCK  Time  Book  to- 


Name. 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc, 


II 


Everlastic  Octo-Strip 
Shingles. 

The  latest  development  in 
the  strip  shingle.  Beautiful 
red  or  green  mineral  sur- 
face. Made  in  an  unique 
form  that  offers  a  variety 
of  designs    in    laying. 

Everlastic  Mixlti- Shingles. 

Four  shingles  in  one.  Made 
of  high  grade  waterproof- 
ing materials  with  a  red 
Or  green  mineral  surface. 
When  laid  they  look  exact- 
ly like  Individual  shingles. 
Fire-resisting. 

Everlastic  Single  Shingles. 

Same  red  or  green  material 
as  Multi-Shingles,  but  made 
in  single  form  ;  size,  5x12^ 
inches. 

Everlastic  Giant  Shingles. 

fdentical  in  shape  Avith 
Everlastic  Single  Shingles 
but  heavier  and  thicker. 
They  are  "giants!"  for 
strength    and    durability. 

Everlastic 
Mineral  Surfaced  Roofing. 

The  most  beautiful  and  en- 
luring  roll  roofing  made. 
Surfaced  with  mineral  in 
irt-shades  of  red  or  green. 
Combines  real  protection 
igainst  fire  with  beauty. 
lequires  no  painting. 

Everlastic  "Rubber"  Roofing. 

This  is  one  of  our  most  pop- 
Uar  roofings.  It  is  tough, 
iliable.  elastic,  durable  and 
cry  low  in  price.  It  is 
•asy  lo  lay  :  no  skilled  labor 
eqnired.  Nails  and  cement 
Included  hi  each  roll. 


Just  As  Important 

As  Fine  Workmanship 

All  your  skill  as  a  carpenter  can't  make  a  good 
roof  out  of  inferior  roofing-.  And  if  a  roof  wears 
badly  you  get  the  blame — not  the  manufacturer. 
Small  wonder  .thousands  of  carpenters  prefer 
Barrett  Everlastic  Roofings.  They're  roofings 
worth  while  laying — they  build  confidence  in 
your  workmanship  by  long,  weather-resisting 
service. 

Still  another  advantage — the  Barrett  Everlastic 
name  is  a  big  help  in  landing  business — years  of 
steady,  honest  advertising  have  made  it  favor- 
ably known  from  coast  to  coast — people  realize 
the  Barrett  Company's  sixty  years  manufactur- 
ing experience  is  an  assurance  of  right  quality. 

Easy  to  lay  —  moderate  in  price  —  sturdy  and 
handsome  in  appearance  Everlastic  Roofings 
build  business  and  earn  good-will.  Be  prepared 
to  lay  any  of  the  six  styles  described  at  the  left 
— there's  one  for  every  type  of  steep-roofed 
building — they  answer  every  requirement  of 
price  and  individual  preference.  Back  up  good 
workmanship  with  Everlastic  dependability. 


acnaa 


REG.    U.    S.   PAT.    OFF. 


A     REAL      TEST 


FOR    A 


REAL      ROOFING 


BAYONNE    ROOF    AND    DECK    CLOTH 

Bayonne  Roof  &  Deck  Cloth  on  the  decks  of  our  river  steam- 
boats, successfully  resisting-  the  grinding-  wear  of  many  feet — 
despite  the  rapid  changes  of  temperature,  from  foggy  dampness 
to  burning  sunshine — constitutes  a  very  severe  test. 

A  special  process  of  manufacture  makes  "BAYONNE"  a  particularly  in- 
destructible, waterproof  and  weather-proof  covering  for  the  roofs  and 
floors  of  piazzas,  sleeping  porches,  sun  parlors,  and  for  low  pitched  or 

flat  roofs. 

Write   the   manufacturer  for  sample  oook  "T" 

JOHN   BOYLE  &   CO.,   INC. 

112-114  DUANE  ST.  NEW     YORK  70-72  READE  ST. 

BRANCH  202-204  MARKET  ST„  ST.  LOUIS 


Make  Your  Work  Easier 
with  Pool's  Interurban  Special 
Carpenters'  Overall 

More  Carpenters  than  ever  before  are  wearing 
them  because  they  are  just  what  every  carpenter 
needs  and  wants. 

They're  Full  Cut.  and  well  made,  out  of  the  Best 
Boatsail  Drill — a  soft  material  that  lasts  a  long 
time.  Lots  of  room  after  they're  washed — no  bind- 
ing when  you  stoop. 

Special  Features  for  the  Carpenter  are: 
Two  Patch  Pockets 
Fade  Pocket 
Try  Scmare  Loops 
Screw  Driver  Loop 
Double  Knees. 
Button  Down  Nail  Apron 
Get  your  merchant  to  order  you  a   pah-,    so  you 
can  see  how  they  will  help  you  in  your  day's  work. 
Or  send  us  8.2.25  and  we  will  send  you  a  pair,  PRE- 
PAID.    If  you  don't  like  them,  return  them  at  our 
expense  and  we'll  refund  your  money. 

Sherman  Overall  Mfg.  Co. 
SHERMAN,  TEXAS 


Four  Nail  Pockets 
Three  Pencil  Pockets 

Safety  Watch  Pocket 
Time  Book  Pocket 
Haninier  Loop 


When  you  figure  on  shingling1  a  new  roof  or  re-shingling  an  old 
,one  remember  these  three  facts  regarding  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles : 

Highly  Decorative.  Ruberoid  Strip- 
shingles  make  a  most  attractive 
looking  roof.  Their  unusual  thick- 
.  ness,  the  red  or  green  natural  slate 
with  which  they  are  surfaced,  the 
fact  that  these  colors  may  be  com- 
bined in  varied  and  distinctive  de- 
signs due  to  the  form  of  the  shingle 
—recommends  them  to  every  home 
owner  who  appreciates  the  decora- 
tive possibilities  of  a  roof. 

Give  Splendid  Service.  Ruberoid 
Strip-shingles  possess  unusual 
strength  and  rigidity.  They  will  not 


curl  or  warp.  They  are  of  standard 
Ruberoid  quality  which'means  that 
surface  and  back-coating,  saturant 
and  felt,  are  the  best  possible. 

Are  Economical.  Ruberoid  Strip- 
shingles  save  home  owners  con- 
siderable, for,  due  to  their  patented 
shape,  there  is  a  saving  in  pro- 
duction which  we  pass  on.  You 
can  save  time  laying  them  for  they 
are  self-spacing  and  only  five  nails 
are  driven  per  strip,  though  each 
strip  is  actually  held  in  place  by 
nine  nails. 


)n  request  we  will  gladly  send  you  a  folder  which  describes  these 
lingles  fully  and  illustrates  in  color  the  different  designs  which 
iay  be  obtained.  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles  are  for  sale  by  lumber 
id  building-supply  dealers  throughout  the  country. 

The  RUBEROID  CO. 

95   Madison   Avenue,       New  York 
Chicago  Boston 


SHINGLES 


AND 


ROOFING 


Want 
5  Best 

Ask  for 


The  GRIFFITH  Masu' 
Builder  for  64  years  know 
as     the     GERMANTOWS 

Master  Builder.     If  you  ca; 
not  be  supplied  at  your  local 
dealer's    send    for    the    Maste; 
Builder  Catalog   of  Hammers 
Hatchers. 

Griffith  Tool  Works 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 
Branch:  4139  W.  Ein-ie  St.  CHICAGO 

LOOK  FOR  THIS  TRADE  MARK 
On  The  Tool 


_ 


\  GRIFFITH, 

\  MASTI 
lUILDEft 


Switzefs  Improved  Butt  and  Lock  Gai^e 

I 


V;ov  Piacing  Butt,  Mortising  for  loc£, 
guiging  for  strike-plate.  Length  oa/4 
in.,  width  1%   in.,  9-18  in.  thick. 

Design  neat,  Sheet  Steel  case,  dull 
nickel  finish,  marking  spurs  have 
slotted  hole,  permitting  adjustment 
for  clearance,  overcoming  difference 
in  width  of  lock  and  strike-plate,  be- 
ing fastened  to  blocks  carried  on 
screws  revolved  by  means  of  knurled 
nuts,  extending  through  indentures 
in,  but  below  surface  of,  the  case. 

If  not   carried   by   local   merchant, 
send  $2.00  P.  O.  money  order  to 

J.  D.  SWITZER 
Box  1 132.  Portland,  Oregon. 


An  Easy  Way 
to  Cut  a  Mortise 

Every  carpenter  knows  what  it  costs  In 
cut  a  mortise  the  old  fashioned  way.  li 
fairly  "burns  up"  time.  Fitting  six  t  > 
eight  locks  per  ,iay  is  a  good  job; — ;\ 
dozen  is  a  big  day's  work,  mill  smj 
"slips"  mean  costly  mistakes  and  delays 
You  can  overcome  all  this,  and  cut  your 
mortises  easier  and  more  accurately  with— 

The 

Champion  Moriiser 

An  automatic,  ball  bearing  machine  which 
makes  a  perfect  mortise  ten  times  fasti r 
than  ordinary  hand  methods.  Makes  101 
clean-cut  mortises  per  day  without  brace 
bit.  chisel,  or  other  tool.  Specially  adapt- 
ed for  door  locks,  sashes,  sash  pulleys. 
screen  doors,  sliding  and  folding  doors, 
cabinet  work,  i  U: 


w~. 


Quickly  adjusted  fro 
round  hole  to  C  1-1 
slot.  Accurately  ait 
automatically  regulate 
by  graduateel  scale.  Tlin 
speeds  for  el  i  ff  e  r  e  n 
woods.  Uses  1-4".  3-1 
I  li",  5-8".  and 
bits,  also  special  sizes 
to  1  1-4".  Fully  gua; 
aiileed  for  one  yea 
You  take  no  risks.  Sa, 
isfaclinn  guaranteed 
money  refunded.  Se 
I  C  O.  1).  on  ten  da 
trial.  Price  comple 
s:. Loo  including  any  t\ 
of  the  above  bits.  Adi 
tional  bits  $1.50  eac 
Order  today.  Don't  wa  ; 
Our  guarantee  protee 
you. 

COLGAM     MACHINE 
SUPPLY  CO. 
902    Hayd-n    Bldg.. 
Coiumbus.  Ohio. 


WECKS  SEXTOBLADE 


STYLE  A  $3.00 

BUILT    FOR    CORRECT 
SHAVING. 


EASY  TO  STROP,  IN 
SURING  LONG  BLADI 
SERVICE. 


SIMPLEST  IN 

CONSTRUCTION 

ASK  YOUR  DEALER 

or  EDW.  WECK  &  SON,  N.  \ 


Blacky 

Diamond 

fcr  character 


BlacXDiamond  Hies 
possess  character.  Thej 
are  unsurpassed  for 
sharpness  of  cut  and 
durability.  Scientifically 
tempered  to  retain  the 
qualities  that  have^ 
made  them  famous 


107»  IT^NIvFOHP  AVXNUD 
PHIlADEI/iJHIA,m.,U.$A. 


Ousned  and  Operated  by 

NICHOLSON  FILE  COMPANY 

PROVIDENCE  RHODE  ISLAND 


The  critical  eye 
sees  no  flaw 

And  Sargent  Auto- Set  Bench  Planes 
are  just  as  good  as  they  look.  They  are 
professional  tools,  made  to  meet  the  most 
exacting  requirements  of  particular  car- 
penters. 

The  Auto- Set  feature  makes  it  pos- 
sible to  remove  the  blade  for  whetting 
and  replace  it  in  exactly  the  same  posi- 
tion without  re-adjustment — an  exclu- 
sive Sargent  feature. 

Send  for  the  Sargent  Book  of  Planes 
which  gives  full  particulars  of  the  Auto- 
Set  and  other  Sargent  Planes. 

Sargent    Framing   Squares 

Sargent  Steel  Framing  Squares 
give  the  lengths  and  cuts  of  hip,  val- 
ley, jack  and  common  rafters  without 
figuring  on  the  part  of  the  carpenter. 
Full  particulars  are  contained  in  the 
Sargent  Steel  Square  Booklet  which 
will  be  sent  on  request. 

Sargent  &  Company 

Hardware  Manufacturers 
55  Water  Street         New  Haven,  Conn 


r~ 


LTl.  6  c  k 


S  A  R   G    E    N  T 


AND 


HARDWARE 


^ 


a     Building 

Expert  by  Home  Study 

If  you  are  ambitious  to  make  more 
money,  you  must  get  the  training  that 
will  make  you  worth  more.  It's  the 
man  who  best  uses  his  head  that  be- 
comes foreman  and  superintendent  or 
who  gets  the  most  business  as  a  con- 
tractor. 

Train    in    Spare    Time 

The  Chicago  "Tech"  experts  will 
train  you  by  mail  in  the  higher 
branches  of  building.  They  will  give 
you  the  practical  knowledge  you  need 
to  command  big  pay  or  to  make  the 
most  out  of  a  business  of  your  own. 
The  cost  is  small,  the  terms  are  easy. 

Some  of  the  Subjects  We  Teach 

Plan  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan.  How  to 
read  dimensions.  How  to  read  detail  drawings.  How 
to  lay  out  work  fram  plans.  How  to  stake  out  build- 
ings. Practice  in  reading  complete  blue  print  plans 
from  basement  to  roof,   etc.,   etc. 

Estimating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of  materials. 
Estimating  time  and  labor.  How  to  figure  carpenter 
work  such  as  stairs,  roofing,  rafters,  etc.  Millwork: 
window  and  door  frames,  mouldings,  cornices,  etc. 
All  about  the  steel  square.  Lathing  and  plastering. 
Excavations.  Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work.  Fire- 
proofing.  Glazing,  Plumbing.  Heating.  Wiring, 
etc.,    etc. 

Superintending.  Methods  of  work  on  all  classes  of 
buildings.  Uses  and  preparation  of  all  kinds  of  ma- 
tt rial.  Hiring  and  handling  men. 
Also  Special  Courses  in  Architectural  Drafting  and 
m  Plumbing  and  Heating  and  Ventilating— all  taught 
by  practical  men. 

Trial 
Lesson 

Send  the  coupon  and  get  our 
free  trial  lesson  which  will 
show  just  how 
we  train  men 
by  mail.  We 
also  send  cata- 
log and  full  in- 
formation about 
the  cost  and 
easy  terms. 


CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE, 

739  Chicago  "Tech"   Building,   Chicago. 

Without    obligation    on    me    please    send     Free    Trial 
Lesson    on   the   course   I   have   marked    X    below. 

|  Plan  Reading  and  Estimating. 

j     Architectural  Drafting. 

Name     

Address     

Post   Office  State 

Occupation     


Mr.  Carpenter 


m  Wouldn't  Yoi 
Like  to  Be 
come  a  Conj 
tractor  and  B^ 
Your  O  wiljl 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 
WEATHER- 
STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit 
able  Business. 

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cfi 

[BER  CLAMP  COKE 

fiaged  bij Cb^smppolltdnlnduslries;^  f: 
FIFTH  AVE.  NEW  YORK 


der  Bros,  Dado  Head 

■^^D  mEBBESH        CMBMfrflimjjm        fVAwmtau^jf^jj 

\*he    Saw    That    Makes 
Intricate  Grooving  Easy 


HMts^  Of  two  outside  cutters  and 
I  i  inside  cutters  to  perform  the 
1U>(1  cut. 


Cuts  any  width  groove 
from  ys  inch  to  4 
inches. 

Outside  cutters  can  be 
used  singly,  together, 
or  in  combination  with 
as  many  inside  cutters 
as  desired. 


fl|  patentees  of  this  type  of  saw. 

re|lian  fifty  years'  experience  in 
s  ■'  manufacturing  field. 


■ite  for  illustrated  catalog  or 
icr  a  Dado  on  approval.     It 
\'y  oe  returned  at  our  expense 
unsatisfactory. 


luth! 


Bros.    Saw    Mfg.    Co. 

Rochester,   N.   Y. 


The  Stone-mason 

Who  Wouldn't 

Stay  Down 

OT  so  many  years  before  the  start  of  the 
World  War,  George  A.  Grieble  was  working 
as  a  stone-mason  for  $15  a  week  in  a  small  town 
in  Ohio.  But  he  wasn't  satisfied.  He  wanted  to 
get  ahead.  So  he  started  studying  in  his  spare 
time  with  the  International  Correspondence  Schools. 

Other  men  laughed  at  him  and  said  he  was 
wasting  his  time.  But  they  didn't  laugh  long.  For 
it  was  soon  apparent  that  Grieble  was  going  up. 

Advancement  followed  advancement — a  $3000 
a  year  position  was  the  stepping  stone  to  one  pay- 
ing $9000— and  in  1915  Mr.  Grieble  went  into 
business  for  himself. 

Just  how  successful  he  has  been  you  can  judge 
from  the  fact  that  in  1920,  The  Grieble  Company 
erected  more  than  six  million  dollars  worth  of 
buildings  in  Cleveland  alone. 

And  Mr.  Grieble  says  that  he  might  still  be  a 
stone-mason  if  he  hadn't  studied  with  the  I.  C.  S. 

U  OW  about  you  ?  Are  you  always  going  to  work  for 
&  J.  a  small  salary  ?  Are  you  going  to  waste  your  natural 
ability  all  your  life?  Or  are  you  going  to  get  ahead  in 
a  big  way?  It  all  depends  on  what  you  do  with  your 
spare   time. 

Opportunity  knocks — this  time  in  the  form  of  that 
familiar  I.  C.  S.  coupon.  It  may  seem  like  a  little  thing, 
but  it  has  bean  the  means  of  bringing  better  jobs  and  bigger 
salaries  to  thousands  of  men. 

Mark  and  mail  it  today,  and  without  cost  or  obligation, 
get  the  full  story  of  what  the  I.  C.  S.  can  do  for  you. 


"TEAR    OUT    HERE"' 


BOX  8837 

Explain,  without  obligating  me 
or  in  the  subject,  before  which  I 

§  ARCHITECT 
Architectural  Draftsman 
Contractor  and  Builder 
3  Building  Foreman 
I]  Concrete  Builder 
^Structural  Engineer 
\3 Structural  Draftsman 
3 Plumber  and  Steam  Fitter 
II  Heating  and  Ventilation 
3  Plumbing  Inspector 
3  Foreman  Plumber 

B Sheet  Metal  Worker 
CIVIL  ENGINEER 
^Surveying  and  Mapping 
3  ELECTRICAL  ENGINEER 
3  Electric  Lighting  and  Rys. 
3  Electric  Wiring 
D  Telegraph  Engineer 
Zl Telephone  Work  • 

DmEOHANICAL  ENGINEER 
3  Mechanical  Draftsman 
UToolmaker 
II  Ship  Draftsman 
3  Machine  Shop  Practice 
3  CHEMIST 
3  Pharmacy 

Name _ 


SCHOOLS 

SCRANTON,  PA. 

,  how  I  can  qualify  for  the  position, 
mark  X. 

□  Navigation 

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Textile  Overseer  or  Supt. 
TRAFFIC  MANAGER 

t,  .AUTOMOBILES  !□  Spanish 
H  AGRICULTURE  [□  Teacher 
WPnilltru    Riluin.t  |  IIoilUiD^ 


Present 
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Street 
and  No 


City- 


Business 
-Address— 


Canadians  may  send  tliis  coupon  to  International 

Correspondence  Schools  Canadian,  Limited,  Montreal,  Canada 


SAWS 


ISSTON  hand  saws  are  accepted  everywhere 
as  the  highest  standard;  for  in  saws,  as  in 
everything   else,    quality   and    durability    are 
soon  recognized.     All  steel  used  in  snaking 
Disston    saws   is    Disston    crucible  steel 
specially  made  in  the  Disston  plant. 

Disston    saws    are    so,Id    by    the    better 

grade  of  hardware  dealers  everywhere. 
They  will  be  glad  to  help  you  to  select 

the  right   Disston  saw  for  your  pur= 

pose. 

Henry  Disston  &.  Son 

Philadelphia 
U.  S.  A. 


GH    e*3 


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October  3,  1917,  authorized  on  July  S.   191S. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  America,  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 

Established  in  1881 
Vol.  XIJI— No.  7 


INDIANAPOLIS,  JULY,   1922 


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Certain  of  ^iie  ^.meritan  ^Flag 


June  14  is  observed  as  Flag  Day  throughout  the  United  States  because  on 
...at  day  in  1777  Congress  officially  adopted  our  national  emblem. 

The  national  flag  had  no  single  or  definite  origin.  In  the  early  part  of  the 
revolutionary  War  there  was  no  attempt  at  a  national  flag,  each  colony  or  troop 
or  privateer  pleasing  itself.  One  of  national  significance  was  the  rattlesnake 
type ;  at  first  cut  in  13  pieces,  with  the  initial  of  a  colony  on  each,  and  the  legend 
"Join  or  Die"  ;  then  coiled  to  strike,  with  the  legend  "Don't  Tread  on  Me"  ; 
later  13  stripes  with  the  snake  across  them. 

After  a  few  months  of  war  it  was  seen  to  be  needful  to  have  a  uniform 
emblem.  There  was  reluctance  to  break  with  the  English  pattern,  confirming 
the  protestations  of  continued  loyalty.  In  December,  1775.  a  committee  con- 
sisting of  Benjamin  Franklin,  Thomas  Lynch,  and  Benjamin  Harrison  recom- 
mended and  Congress  adopted,  the  British  Union  Jack  plus  13  stripes,  which 
-as  hoisted  over  the  headquarters  at  Cambridge,  January  1  or  2,  1770.  The' 
Congressional  Naval  Committee,  however,  selected  a  flag  of  the  rattlesnake  type 
on  February  S,  1770. 

In  view  of  the  pending  Declaration  of  Independence,  Congress  decided  unof- 
ficially in  June,  1770,  to  replace  the  Union  Jack  with  a  five-pointed  star.  After 
the  official  action  June  14,  1777.  there  were  no  changes  until  1794,  when  two 
stripes  were  added  for  Vermont  and  Kentucky.  On  April  4.  ISIS,  it  was  ordered 
that  the  15  stripes  be  reduced  permanently  to  13,  in  memory  of  the  original 
colonies,  the  star  to  keep  pace  with  the  total  number  of  States,  additions  being 
made  on  the  4th  of  July  after  each  admission. 


10 


THE     CARPENTER 


CO-OPERATIVE  SOCIETIES— 

(By  J.  H.  Walker,  Secretary  of  Bureau  of 
HE  earliest  authentic  rec- 
ord of  the  starting  and 
operation  of  a  store  by 
a  consumers'  co-operative 
society  is  contained  in  a 
document  dated  9th  of 
November,  1769.  The  following  is  an 
exact  copy  of  it,  with  the  names  signed 
to  it: 

9th  November,  1769. 
This  present  Day  it  is  agreed  upon  by 
the  members  of  our  society  to  take  what 
money  we  have  in  our  Box  and  buy 
what  victual  may  be  thought  necessary 
to  sell  for  the  benefit  of  our  society.  And 
the  managers  of  our  Society  may  borrow 
what  money  They  think  Proper  for  that 
End  and  purpose.  And  when  the  inter- 
est is  paid  of  what  money  you  borrow 
and  the  men  received  their  wages  for 
buying  and  selling  these  Victwals  we 
Deal  in,  the  Society  will  both  reap  the 
benefit  and  sustain  the  loss  of  them,  and 
If  any  member  of  our  society  Pay  not 
what  quantity  of  Victwals  he  receives 
at  the  end  of  four  weeks  If  the  Menagers 
require  it  of  him.  Neither  him  nor  his, 
shall  have  any  more  right  to  our  so- 
cietys  Victwals  If  he  be  found  buying 
Victwals  from  any  other  and  leaving 
the  trade  in  debt  of  the  same  according 
to  the  option  of  the  society. 
Alexander  Walles  James  Broun 
John  Wilson  William  Walker 

Andrew  Orr,  William  Bunten 

his  X  mark,  Thos.  Barr 

Robert  Walker  J.   Gemmell, 

John  Burns  his  X  mark. 

Wm.  Hendry, 
his  X  mark, 

The  historian,  William  Maxwell,  who 
was  in  1910,  President  of  the  Interna- 
tional Co-operative  Alliance  and  ex-Pres- 
ident of  the  Scottish  Wholesale  Co-op- 
erative Society,  Limited,  on  writing  the 
history  of  co-operation  in  Scotland,  has 
this  to  say  about  this  first  co-operative 
society  which  adopted  this  document  as 
its  By-Laws : 

"The  Honor  of  being  the  first  to  enter 
the  co-operative  field,  not  only  in  Scot- 
land, but  in  Britain  must  be  given  (so 
far  as  present  research  can  prove)  to 
the  Fenwick  Weavers'  Society.  Fen- 
wick  is  a  small  village  near  Kilmarnock, 
in  Ayershire,  Scotland." 

The  co-operative  movement  in  Eng- 
land and  Wales  according  to  their  of- 
ficial   report,    had    on    December,    1919, 


HISTORY  AND  VARIATIONS 

Co-Operative  Societies  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.) 
3,088,136  members.  Their  wholesale 
had  at  that  time  about  $12,000,000  cap- 
ital invested  in  it,  and  did  almost  a 
$450,000,000  business  that  year.  The 
Scottish  Co-operative  Wholesale  society 
did  approximately  a  one  hundred  and 
fifty  million  dollar  business  during  that 
same  year. 

Perhaps  the  most  important  feature 
in  that  plan  which  differentiates  it  from 
other  plans,  is  the  fact  that  in  their  re- 
tail stores  they  charge  current  prices  for 
all  goods  they  sell.  If  anything,  their 
prices  are  a  shade  higher  than  the  prices 
charged  by  other  retailers,  because  they 
always  keep  the  very  best  grades  of 
goods  and  give  honest  weight  and  meas- 
ure— and  every  three  months  they  give 
back  to  their  members  in  the  way  of  re- 
turned savings  or  dividends,  based  on  the 
amount  of  purchases  each  made  during 
that  period,  their  proportionate  share  of 
the  surplus,  usually  depreciating  their 
fixtures  and  other  equipment  whatever 
amount  is  necessary,  to  take  care  of  the 
loss  on  account  of  wear  and  tear,  putting 
a  given  percentage  (usually  about  2  per 
cent  of  the  surplus)  in  a  reserve  fund, 
setting  aside  specific  amounts  for  char- 
itable and  educational  purposes — besides 
contributing  funds  in  strikes,  political 
campaigns,  and  assisting  in  many  other 
ways  in  the  interest  of  labor. 

They  usually  pay  a  smaller  fixed  rate 
of  interest  on  their  share  and  local  cap- 
ital in  Great  Britain  than  the  legal  max- 
imum that  is  charged  by  corporations  or 
banks  loaning  money.  That  is  clone  on 
the  theory  that  the  less  interest  they 
pay,  the  larger  the  returned  savings  will 
be  —  and,  as  the  returned  saving  is 
given  back  on  the  amount  of  patronage 
given  the  institution  by  the  shareholder, 
they  who  have  the  largest  families  who 
buy  the  largest  amounts,  and  who  need 
it  most,  get  the  greatest  benefits  from 
the  co-operative  movement. 

The  Belgian  movement  is  more  ideal- 
istic. That  society  usually  returns  out 
of  their  first  surplus  savings  whatever 
amounts  the  original  subscribers  put  in- 
to start  the  institution.  From  then  on, 
the  entire  funds  and  property  are  owned 
and  used  by  the  society  as  a  whole. 
They  usually  charge  a  shade  lower  prices 
than  do  the  other  merchants,  which 
forces  the  private  merchants  to  reduce 
their  prices  also — this  gives  the  non-co- 
operator  (the  public)   some  of  the  bene- 


THE    CARPENTER 


11 


fits  (in  the  respect)  of  the  co-operative 
movement. 

The  Belgians  use  the  surplus  to  ex- 
tend the  movement- — to  do  the  work  of 
education,  to  assist  in  strikes,  for  pol- 
itical campaigns,  in  the  interest  of  the 
workers  and  for  charitable  and  various 
other  purposes. 

The  Italian  and  French  co-operative 
movements  in  the  past  have  largely  op- 
erated on  a  cost  basis,  and  as  this  re- 
sulted in  the  private  merchants  coming 
down  to  the  same  prices,  there  being  no 
surplus  savings  to  return,  or  to  be  used 
I  for  educational,  extension,  or  other  pur- 
poses, it  has  resulted  in  the  movement 
not  making  as  great  progress  as  in  the 
\  countries  where  the  other  methods  are 
practiced.  Latterly,  however,  the  move- 
ment in  these  countries  is  developing  in 
the  direction  of  the  British,  Belgian,  or 
German  movements,  and  this,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  better  and  growing  under- 
standing of  the  benefits  and  purposes  of 
the  co-operative  movement,  is  largely  re- 
sponsible for  its  greater  extension  and 
upbuilding  in  those  countries  in  recent 
'  years. 

The  German  co-operative  movement  is 
a  compromise  between  the  British  and 
Belgian  movements,  in  that  they  usually 
pay  a  flat  returned  saving  of  5  per  cent 
on  all  purchases  made,  and  the  current 
rate  of  interest  on  share  and  local  cap- 
ital— using  the  :v  us  in  the  same  man- 
ner as  the  o':.ic;  movements. 

In  America,  because  the  nationalities 
of  all  those  countries  are  represented 
here,  we  have  co-operative  societies  be- 
ing operated  by  all  of  these  methods, 
with  whatever  additional  variations 
there  may  be  in  the  co-operative  move- 
ments of  the  different  other  countries  in 
the  world,  because  we  have  here  practi- 
cally every  nationality  on  the  face  of  the 
-■arth. 

In  addition  to  all  of  the  different  van- 
ities of  co-operative  societies  being  op- 
iated in  our  country,  we  have  developed 
i  type  of  co-operative  movement  that 
Iocs  not  obtain  in  any  of  those  countries, 
t  is  called  the  American  Rochdale  plan. 


In  it,  we  have  the  retail  stores  running 
like  the  Italian  societies,  on  the  cost 
basis.  The  wholesale  operated  on  a  basis 
of  2  per  cent  above  the  cost  of  running 
the  wholesale  and  supplying  the"  local 
stores  that  are  operating  on  this  plan 
and  where  original  Rochdale  plan  store  < 
are  trading  with  that  same  wholesale, 
they  get  5  per  cent  returned  saving  (or 
the  German  plan)  on  all  purchases  they 
make;  4  per  cent  on  their  share  and  loan 
capital,  or  less  than  the  banks  charge  as 
interest  (which  is  the  British  plan)  ; 
they  use  the  surplus  for  the  same  pur- 
poses as  do  the  other  co-operative  move- 
ments in  Europe.  It  is  impossible  how- 
ever, to  operate  successfully  on  the 
American  Rochdale  plan  without  a 
wholesale. 

Under  this  plan,  the  funds  are  usually 
subscribed  by  Local  Unions,  state  and 
national  organizations,  and  although  this 
gives  immediate  returns  in  cheaper 
goods,  and  it  is  possible  to  operate  so 
that  enough  funds  might  be  saved  in 
the  way  of  a  surplus  (through  the  whole- 
sale) to  employ  the  necessary  auditing 
and  accounting  force ;  to  establish  and 
maintain  the  right  kind  of  a  bookkeeping 
and  checking  system,  so  that  the 
finances  may  be  safeguarded  fully,  and 
also  so  that  the  work  of  education  may 
be  carried  on. 

There  is  not  the  personal  interest 
taken  hj  the  individuals  whose  organiza- 
tions have  invested  funds  in  that  kind  of 
an  institution,  that  there  is  when  that 
same  individual  invests  his  own  funds 
personally  in  an  original  plan  Rochdale 
co-operative  society,  where  current  re- 
tail prices  are  charged  and  where  a  sub- 
stantial saving  is  returned  every  three 
months.  And,  while  at  the  present  time 
it  has  not  been  developed  to  the  place 
where  it  can  be  said  positively  that  this 
weakness  will,  or  will  not  be  overcome, 
where  the  membership  understand  the 
co-operative  movement  and  know  how 
to  conduct  it  properly,  and  are  operating 
on  the  original  plan  Rochdale  basis,  at 
the  present  time  that  plan  is  the  much 
more  successful  and  satisfactory. 


HOW  TRADES  ARE  TAUGHT  IN  THE  NEAR  EAST 
(By  Jane  Hill.) 


HIGH  is  the  better  way — 
to  have  a  boy  learn  car- 
pentry by  having  him  be- 
come an  apprentice  to  a 
carpenter,  or  to  let  him 
get  his  instruction  in  the 


vocational  training  schools?  This  is  a 
much  disputed  question  :  it  is  interestingto 
find  a  happy  combination  of  both  systems. 
The  Near  East  Relief,  which  has  under 
its  care  in  the  Levant  the  safety  and 
welfare  of  100,000  orphans  largely  sup- 


12 


THE     CARPENTER 


ported  through  the  efforts  of  American 
workmen,  is  making  an  effort  to  com- 
bine both  the  apprenticeship  and  the 
rocational  methods  in  the  relief  orph- 
anages and  it  is  working  out  very  well 
in  the  orphan  centers  located  in  the 
tourist  cities  where  trade  is  reviving. 
Throughout  the  Caucasus  and  the  ad- 
jacent territory  the  economic  life  of  the 
country  is  paralyzed.  It  has  been  im- 
possible to  till  the  fields  during  the  seven 
years  of  war;  mills  and  factories  have 
been  burned  by  the  opposing  armies  and 
SO  per  cent  of  the  handlooms  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  clothing  have  been  de- 
stroyed. In  the  Russian  Caucasus  prac- 
tically the  only  work  to  be  had  is  found 
in  the  industrial  centers  established  by 
the  Near  East  Relief  to  help  the  refugees 
support  themselves. 

One  of  the  best  examples  of  the  prac- 
tical application  of  the  apprenticeship 
and  the  vocational  methods  is  found  in 
the  Yickrey  Industrial  Institute,  one  of 
the  smaller  Near  East  Relief  orphanages 
located  at  Koum-Kapou,  a  section  of 
Constantinople.  Here  the  boys  are  ap- 
prenticed to  masters  whom  the  leading 
merchants  of  the  city  recommend.  A 
scale  of  wages  is  worked  out  for  the  ap- 
prenticeship period.  Each  boy  receives 
20  per  cent  of  his  wages  for  car  fare  and 
incidentals  and  the  balance  is  banked  for 
him.  When  his  apprenticeship  period  is 
completed  he  has  a  small  capital  as  well 
as  his  trade  with  which  to  face  the 
world.  The  boys  choose  the  trade  they 
wish  to  learn.  In  Constantinople,  they 
are  now  serving  as  apprentices  to  gold- 
smiths, watchmakers,  electricians,  car- 
penters,   tailors,     blacksmiths,    pharma- 


cists and  dentists. 

During  their  period  of  apprenticeshii 
the  boys  are  all  housed  at  the  Viekrej 
Industrial  Institute  and  not  in  the  hornet 
of  their  masters,  so  they  are  always  un 
der  the  supervision  of  the  relief  workers 
Their  work  by  day  is  supplemented  ft 
the  evening  by  lectures  and  lessons 
They  receive  instruction  in  their  ovri 
language  and  literature,  Turkish,  matho 
ruatics,  history,  drawing  (leading  up  t< 
mechanical  drawing)  and  penmanship 
A  special  prize  course  is  offered  i) 
English,  a  language  they  are  very  eage 
to  learn  because  it  adds  so  much  to  thei 
chances  for  commercial  advancement 
a  tourist  city  like  Constantinople. 

It  is  the  object  of  the  Near  East  Relie 
in  caring  for  the  100,000  war  orphans  t 
have  each  one  learn  a  trade  so  they  wi 
be  ready  to  take  their  place  in  the  ir 
dustrial  life  of  the  country  when  cond: 
tions  become  more  settled,  for  it  is  largt 
ly  on  these  boys  and  girls  that  the  futui 
welfare  of  the  country  depends.     Ob 
ously,  it  is  quite  impossible  for  the  o; 
anages  with  their  limited  equipment 
teach  all  the  leading  trades  so  the 
prenticeship  system  is  being  relief  u; 
to  give  the  boys  greater  advantages 
at  the  same  time  reduce  the  running 
penses  of  the  institution  by  eliminate 
the    number    of    instructors.      With   tl 
apprenticeship  system  in  vogue  the  boj 
have  a  wider  opportunity  to  do  the  woi 
for    which     they    are    especially    fitte' 
Otherwise  if  all   the  boys   were   taugl 
only  the  few  trades  open  to  them  in  tl 
orphanages,  the  labor  market  would  I 
overflooded  with  workers  in  certain  ii 
dustries.  leaving  a  shortage  in  others. 


THE   POT   OF   GOLD  AT  THE  RAINBOW'S  END 

(By  P.  J.  llorrin.) 


T  is  because  there  is  some- 
thing more  to  life  than 
the  making  and  spending 
of  money  that  the  open 
shop  fallacy  is  luring  its 
devotees  on  to  inevitable 
disappointment  and  ultimate  ruin.  If  the 
selfish  demands  of  capitalistic  greed  con- 
tinue to  goad  the  workers  on  to  economic 
warfare  as  the  only  means  of  self-preser- 
vation, industry  will  destroy  itself.  It 
is  not  an  issue  between  open  shop  and 
closed  shop ;  the  issue  is  between  an 
American  standard  of  living  for  all 
workers  or  ruin  for  industry  and  chaos 
for  all.  The  application  of  common 
sense  in   the   spirit   of  fair   play   would 


bring  back  prosperity  and  the  happine 
we  aU  seek. 

After  all,  people  might  be  divided  i 
to  three  classes :  The  masses  who  wo: 
to  live;  the  geniuses  who  live  to  wor 
and  the  parasites  who  eat  and  live  ai 
drink  to  forget.  How  to  bring  the 
groups  into  harmonious  relationship 
about  all  there  is  to  our  industrial  pro 
lem. 

The  aspiration  of  one  group  to  ru 
over  the  others  amounts  to  self-agra 
dizement  and  carries  the  gem  of  disi 
tegration.  The  rule  of  any  particul 
class  is  tyranny. 

The  group  which  regards  profits  as  tl 
ideal  of  attainment,  necessarily  neglec 


TUT)     CARPENTER 


13 


the  element  of  service  and  a  just  ex- 
change of  values  becomes  a  secondary 
consideration,  There  is  nothing  socially 
sound  about  their  theory. 

The  ambition  to  acquire  as  much  of 
the  world's  goods  ns  it  is  possible  to  get 
without  violating  the  letter  of  the  law, 
is  the  ambition  of  all  legalized  graft. 
Men  of  this  group  see  only  opportunity 
for  profit  in  the  misfortunes  of  others. 
This  proceedure  is  a  detriment  to  hu- 
manity, and  morally  wrong, 

It  is  time  to  adopt  a  new  rule  for  busi- 
ness. There  is  but  one  basis  upon  which 
a  sound  economic,  social  and  political 
structure  can  be  built.  It  is  the  rule  of 
giving  value  for  value,  fair  play  and 
square  dealing  in  all  industries.  Profit 
should  be  the  increment  created  by 
service  and  none  should  be  debarred  of 
the  full  fruits  of  his  labor.     . 

Before  we  can  do  this  it  is  necessary 
to  recognize  what  is  actually  an  im- 
mutable law  in  nature.  We  cannot  get 
from  others  what  we  will  not  concede  to 
them.  In  order  to  get  our  rightful 
■diare  of  nature's  bounty  we  must  ac- 
quire that  attitude  toward  all  men  which 
inspires  us  to  do  right  for  right's  own 
<ake.  Not  until  then  can  we  attain  that 
<tate  which  we  call  happiness.  Prentice 
Mulford  wrote: 

"When  you  hold  persistently  to  the 
successful  mental  state,  you  become  a 
nagnet,  drawing  other  people  to  aid  you, 


os  you  in  turn  can  aid  them." 

The  average  man  who  devotes  hi 
Whole  life  to  acquiring  money  is  too 
busy  to  think  about  the  damage  he 
leaves  in  his  wake.  Usually  he  is  too 
stupid  to  recognize  the  part  played  by 
mental  forces  in  the  mad  pursuit  of  gold. 
If  he  lives  past  middle  age,  he  begins  to 
realize  that  the  game  was  not  worth  the 
candle  consumed  and  he  faces  eternity 
with  misgivings  and  fear  in  his  heart. 
Finally,  he  is  willing  to  exchange  his 
gold  for  a  peaceful  conscience  and  he 
lavishes  his  fortune  on  numerous  char- 
ities. When  he  dies  he  leaves  a  will 
calculated  to  benefit  this  world  and 
hoping  to  find  at  least  dreamless  obli- 
vion in  the  next.  The  great  goal  of  life 
has  been  missed,  and  even  the  grave  is 
uncertain. 

The  brutes  who  are  of  such  small 
moral  stature  that  they  are  willing  to 
deprive  women  and  children  of  bread  to 
enhance  their  profits;  the  inhuman  em- 
ployers who  deliberately  create  unem- 
ployment to  force  degradation  and  want 
upon  toilers;  the  open  shoppers  who 
want  to  run  industry  on  a  selfish,  one- 
sided basis ;  the  patriots  who  profiteer 
on  the  urgent  needs  of  their  fellow-citi- 
zens, and  systematically  rob  the  Gov- 
ernment ;  the  employers  who  make 
promises  in  prosperity  and  di  -honor 
them  in  adversity ;  these  are  the  men  of 
troubled  minds. 


COST  OF  LIVING  AND  WAGES 

(By  R.  W.  LaFollette.) 


is    an    old    trick    of    the 
guilty    rogue   to   raise   the 
false    cry    of   "stop    thief" 
and    divert    the    attention 
while  he  makes   good  his 
escape  with  the  swag. 
When  the  war  ended  and  the  Ameri- 
ca people  found  time  to  look  after  af- 
airs   at   home,    they   demanded   a    reck- 
ning  with  those  responsible  for  the  riot 
f  plunder  which  ruled  in  American  busi- 
ess. 
During  the  war  the  Government   had 
died  upon  the  people  to  give  their  sons, 
>  give  their  substance,   to  buy   Liberty 
Jtonds,   buy   Victory    Bonds,    buy    Thrift 
tamps,     support    drives     for    the     Red 
ross.  Knights  of  Columbus,  the  Salva- 
on  Army,   the  Association   of  Friends, 
)  this  worthy  organization  and  to  that 
atriotic  league. 
And    the    people    did    give,    and    give 


again.  They  gave  out  of  all  proportion 
to  their  ability.  The  poor  gave  their 
savings,  the  wage-earners  divided  their 
daily  wage.  The  men  and  women  of 
small  salaries  gave  and  borrowed,  gave 
at  every  call  and  are  still  carrying  their 
interest-bearing  obligation.  And  the 
rich  gave — some  liberally,  some  not  so 
liberally — out  of  their  abundant  and  in- 
creasing wealth. 

While  the  war  was  on  the  people 
blindly  accepted  the  mounting  cost  of 
living  as  a  part  of  the  war  burden. 
There  was  no  time  to  investigate  its 
cause,  no  facts  upon  which  to  determine 
as  to  its  justice. 

But  when  the  war  was  over  and  prices 
continued  to  soar,  when  living  cost  25 
per  cent  more  in  1919  than  in  191S,  and 
1920  cost  17  per  cent  more  than  1919, 
the  limit  of  forebearance  had  been 
reached.     The  storm  broke.     The  Amer- 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


lean  people  demanded  that  the  robbers 
Avho  were  plundering  the  public  be  called 
to  account. 

And  the  robbers  were  ready  to  raise 
the  cry  of  "stop  thief"  and  lead  an  in- 
dignant public  off  on  a  false  trail. 

The  real  profiteers  were  fully  organ- 
ized and  prepared.  They  had  been  or- 
ganizing trusts  and  combinations  to  con- 
trol prices  for  twenty  years.  They  had 
control  of  agencies  to  make  the  alarm 
nation-wide.  Their  press  covered  the 
entire  country. 

They  raised  a  great  hue  and  cry 
against  labor.  Organized  Labor  was  the 
"guilty  party."  They  claim  that  there 
were  more  than  twenty- seven  million 
wage-earners  in  this  country ;  that  near- 
ly one-fourth  of  them  were  organized 
into  unions :  that  these  unions  had  forced 
enormous  wages  advances,  and  that  this 
had  lifted  the  general  wage  level  and 
thus  caused  the  unprecedented  increase 
in  prices. 

The  great  and  all-powerful  monopolies 
had  been  forced  to  increase  prices  or  stop 
production.  They  would  "never  have 
thought  of  increasing  prices  if  these  la- 
bor organizations  had  not  forced  them 
to  do  so  to  meet  the  demand  for  extor- 
tionate wages.  They  had  been  com- 
pletely at  the  mercy  of  the  labor  unions 
and  had  suffered  long  and  patiently  and 
had  really  lost  money  in  their  struggle 
to  protect  the  public  against  the  ty- 
ranny cf  the  unions. 

They  appealed  to  the  American  people 
to  sustain  them  in  their  unequal  contest 
with  these  unions.  They  were  un-Amer- 
ican institutions  and  must  be  broken 
down.  In  their  place  we  must  establish 
the  "open  shop"  and  emancipate  labor. 

The  open  shop  cry  was-  their  slogan 
and  for  more  than  a  year  their  press 
propaganda  has  been  poisoning  the  pub- 
lic mind  against  Organized  Labor. 

So  insidious,  persistent  and  wide- 
spread has  been  this  propaganda  by  the 
press  of  organized  wealth,  that  its  false 
charges  against  labor  have  found  some 
lodgement  in  the  public  mind. 

There  is  not  the  slightest  chance  that 
those  chargeable  with  the  .  economic 
wrongs  which  the  public  suffers  will  be 
justly  punished,  but  at  least  the  re- 
sponsibility should  be  placed  where  it 
belongs. 

I  lay  down  certain  propositions  here 
which  are  economically  true  and  admit 
of  ^o  denial. 

1.    The  nominal  increase  in  wages  has 


been  uniformly  less  than  the  increase  : 
the  cost  of  living  each  year  since  tl 
Avar. 

2.  The  nominal  increase  in  wages  hi, 
followed  and  not  preceded  the  increa;,  ( 
in  the  cost  of  living. 

3.  Whatever  nominal  increase  the 
has  been  in  wages  since  the  outbreak 
the  European  Avar  in  1914  has  bee 
forced  by  the  increased  cost  of  livin 
unjustly  imposed  upon  the  public  by  tlJ 
war  profiteers.  "Wage  advances  ha- 
been  one  of  the  effects  of  high  prices  ai 
not  the  cause  of  high  prices. 

A  table  compiled  by  the  United  Stat 
Department    of    Labor    conclusively    e 
tablishes  these  propositions,  and  shoA 
in  the  most  graphic  manner  how  far  t  | 
hind   the   cost    of    liA-ing    the    wages   I 
union    labor    trailed,    even    during    all 
since  the  war  period  when  "high"  wagij 
have  prevailed. 

The  comparison  is  made  with  100  i 
the  base  in  1913. 

Union  "Wage  Cost  o: 

Year  Rate         Living  * 

1913    100  100    j 

1914    102  103  '1 

1915    102  105.ll 

1916    106  118.3'  • 

1917    112  142.4 

1918    130  174.4 

1919    148  199.3 

1920    189  216.5 

The  peak  was  reached  in  1920,  wi. 

the  wages  of  union  labor  showing  an  :• 
crease  of  89  per  cent  and  the  cost  -' 
living  an  increase  of  116  per  cent  oa* 
1913. 

Not  once  during  the  period  from  19! 
to  1920  did  the  wages  received  by  (■ 
ganized  Labor  breast  the  steadily  niour 
ing  costs  of  living.  Wage  advanc! 
lagged  behind,  and  far  behind,  price  f  • 
vances. 

Labor  has  struggled  to  maintain  <l 
standards  of  living  and  it  has  lost  in  t: 
struggle. 

Normal  wages  may  be  high,  but  r<t 
wages  are  low. 

The  total  earnings  of  a  laborer  at  t' 
end  of  the  week  will  buy  less  food  ai 
clothing  and  fuel  today  than  it  avoi- 
buy  before  the  war. 

In  fact  real  wages  have  actually  c 
clined  for  more  than  twenty  years,  Avh 
measured  in  the  purchasing  power  of  tl 
earnings  of  labor. 

In  a  critical  study  of  the  relation  I 
tween  wages  and  the  increased  cost 
living,  Professor  William  Jett  Lauck,  t^ 


THE     CARPENTER 


15 


Miomist,  made  an  analysis  for  the 
irs  1912  and  1918,  inclusive,  of  the 
ancial.  reports  of  all  corporations  hav- 
■  an  annual  income  of  $1,000,000  or 
re,  in  the  lines  of  business  in  which 
•  ordinary  consumer  is  particularly 
^rested  as  reported  in  Moody's  and 
>r's  financial  manuals. 
Hie  corporations  were  shown  to  have 
en  $S00, 000,000  more  in  annual 
fits  on  the  average  for  the  year  1916, 
7  and  1918  than  for  the  three-year 
iiod  of  1912,  1913  and  1914,  and  the 
[pes  for  production  showed  conclu- 
i'ly  that  the  increased  profits  were  not 
I1  to  increased  production.  They  were 
l]  to  the  fact  that  the  corporation  took 
rrger  proportion  of  every  dollar  spent 
I  he  purchaser. 

!  hese  corporations,  typical  of  the 
notices  of  all,  nearly  trebled  their  aver- 
ts net  income  on  capital  stock  during 
fc;  period  covered  by  Professor  Lauck's 
t  ies. 


That  they  have  continued  to  fleece 
the  public,  the  increased  prices  for  1919 
and  1920  conclusively  prove. 

These  great  profiteering  organizations 
in  every  line  of  business  raised  prices 
until  the  people  could  no  longer  meet 
their  extortionate  demands.  They  were 
confronted  with  the  alternative  of  re- 
ducing their  profits  or  cutting  the  wages 
of  labor.     They  turned  upon  labor. 

For  more  than  a  year  they  have  been 
making  war  on  labor  unions  and 
charging  labor  with  responsibility  for 
high  living  costs. 

This  attack  on  labor  will  fail.  There 
will  be  great  hardship  and  suffering,  but 
in  the  end  the  truth  will  prevail.  Labor 
will  be  vindicated  and  will  come  out  of 
the  battle  with  a  solidarity  welded  in 
the  fire  of  common  suffering,  a  greater 
fighting  force  in  the  eternal  struggle  be- 
tween the  masses  and  privileged  mon- 
opoly. 


!>©V^/ 


IDEA  TO  AVERT  STRIKES 

(By  Marion  Root,  Local  Union  No.  11.) 
OVERNMENT       ownership      can  own  a  home. 


y^V  <<f    of  all  public  utilities  and 
%/C^W-M    the    coal   and   corn    situa- 
/"^)H<§\    tion    for   instance,    should 
&to*0Jg^£?    be  studied. 

^2>n&J  The  miner  gets  about 
tt]  for  mining  u  ton  of  coal  and  load- 
■  it  on  cars ;  the  railroad  men 
m  res  in  wages  about  50c  per  ton  for 
ia  ng  it  to  its  destination ;  the  deliv- 
n!an  gets  $1  per  ton  for  delivering  it 
o  >ur  home,  and  yet  corn  is  cheaper 
tot,  fuel.  How  come?  Too  much  dif- 
Hce  between  the  man  who  produces 
II  le  wealth  and  the  man  who  con- 
sps  most  of  the  wealth.  The  big 
m  s  are  no  good ;  the  high  prices  are 

(1.     What  we  should  have  is  men 

'  k-e  big  enough  to  see  the  needs  of 
the,  People,  which  are  common  sense 
Island  then  enforce  the  laws. 

tien  the  carpenter  receives  $1.25  per 
hou  and  is  unable  to  save  enough  to 
bm  a  home,  something  is  wrong.  Car- 
PWrs  cannot  pay  $1.25  per  hour  for 
soiij>ne  to  build  a  home  for  them, 
^(layers  cannot  pay  $1.25  per  hour  to 
Denter  to  build  a  home  for  them, 
ley  are  the  consumers — they  either 
r  rent,  and  most  of  them  rent  for 
»f  money  to  buy.  So  I  claim  the 
l>er  hour  is  no  good  to  the  work- 
mar|  When  a  workman  can  receive  80 
r   nt  of  what  he  produces,   then  he 


When  a  farmer  gets 
80  per  cent  of  what  he  produces,  he  can 
hire  the  various  crafts  and  give  them  80 
per  cent  of  what  they  produce.  When 
the  boss  receives  20  per  cent  of  what  I 
produce,  it  is  enough  and  he,  in  turn, 
can  produce  goods  and  sell  them  just  as 
cheap  as  Germany,  England  or  Japan. 

But  when  American  made  goods  are 
sold  in  some  foreign  country  for  less 
than  at  home,  it  breeds  strikes,  war  and 
poverty. 

The  American  people  have  no  need  to 
fear  any  country ;  there  is  no  country 
on  the  face  of  the  earth  that  can  produce 
goods  as  cheap  as  we  can,  as  fast  as  we 
can,  or  one  little  bit  better  than  we  can. 
Yet  why  say  Germany  has  better  dyes? 
Why  not  buy  them  and  pay  them  what 
they  are  worth  in  goods,  such  as  we  have 
to  sell,  be  it  toothpicks  or  threshing  ma- 
chines? Then  impose  a  single  tax  and 
make  it  universal.  Why  pay  a  fine  for 
producing  something  beneficial  to  the 
human  family  and  the  rest  of  the  cattle. 

I  claim  there  is  no  need  of  the  great 
unrest,  strikes,  Avars,  etc.  All  we  need 
is  law  and  its  enforcement — one  little 
law  to  curb  the  profiteers  would  do  more 
than  to  stop  strikes.  It  would  feed  the 
people. 

When  I  was  making  50c  per  hour  I 
was  earning  more  bread  and  butter  than 
I  am  at  $1.25  today. 


16 


THE     CARPENTER 


Money  sharks  are  very  busy  all  the 
time.  If  I  wish  to  borrow  four  or  five 
thousand  dollars,  a  man  says,  "give  me 
$150  and  I  will  tell  you  where  you  can 
make  the  loan,"  and  I  agree  to  pay  $150 
commission  to  that  shark;  then  the  loan 
shark  lets  me  have  80  per  cent  of  the 
amount  of  the  loan,  taking  20  per  cent 
bonus,  which  is  60  per  cent  of  the  value 
of  the  building  to  be  erected.  I  furnish 
the  40  per  cent  and  sell;  then  make  a 
second  mortgage  at  a  30  per  cent  dis- 
count, which  actually  places  the  home  in 
question  in  the  hands  of  the  consumer 
at  about  a  200  per  cent  inflation  in  value. 
He  must  buy  or  rent  and  he  does,  no 
matter    which    way,    the   consumer   pays 


the  bill,  coming  and  going,  and  on  about 
30  per  cent  of  what  he  produces,  and 
then  supports  the  government  that  per- 
mits such  profiteering  to  exist. 

Why  not  lay  down  and  say  "go  to  it, 
everybody  for  themselves  and  the  devil 
take  the  hindmost." 

Poverty  and  crime  is  on  the  increase- 
it  is  always  so,  while  a  few  are  makinj. 
millions  by  the  score  by  exploiting  tin 
various  people  here  below. 

But  one  good  thing,  according  to  tin 
Good  Book,  is  that  their  operations  cease 
when  they  leave  the  earth  or  then 
wouldn't  be  room  even  in  hell  for  tin 
most  of  us. 


THE  CONSPIRACY  AGAINST  LABOR 


the    problem 

persistent 

originated 


,.$§|)  N    an    article    on    the   labor 
l)  //%    problem     of     today     The 
Catholic    Standard    Times 
has  this  to  say : 

"The  labor  problem 
in  its  larger  aspect  as 
of  poverty  is  one  of  the 
problems  of  the  ages.  It 
very  early  at  the  dawn  of 
history  and  has  run  through  the  ages 
like  the  proverbial  red  thread.  At  times 
it  has  assumed  an  acute  character  and 
brought  society  to  the  verge  of  utter  de- 
struction. The  worst  phase  it  ever  took 
on  was  when  labor  was  degraded  to  the 
status  of  slavery.  In  some  form  or 
other,  labor  has  always  been  an  object 
of  exploitation,  possibly  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  Christian  Middle  Ages,  when 
it  was  enthroned  in  its  proper  place  and 
when  it  received  high  honor  and  ample 
protection.  At  present,  the  old  problem 
has  cropped  out  with  renewed  virulence. 
It  bristles  with  difficulties,  as  perhaps 
never  before,  and  is  fraught  with  terrible 
possibilities  of  evil. 

"In  recent  times  the  treatment  of  la- 
bor has  been  one  that  swings  from  ex- 
treme to  extreme.  We  have  seen  labor 
petted  and  humored  and  in  every  way 
deferred  to.  If  after  such  an  experience, 
it  acts  as  a  spoiled  child  that  should  not 
be  cause  for  surprise.  But  the  pendulum 
already  has  swung  to  the  other  extreme. 
The  blessings  so  fervently  pronounced 
on  labor  have  changed  into  equally  fer- 
vent imprecations ;  the  praises  lavishly 
heaped  upon  it  have  turned  into  severe 
rebukes  and  bitter  indictments.  Just  at 
present,  labor  is  blamed  for  many  things 
for  which,  if  it  is  not  entirely  innocent 


of  them,  it  shares  the  responsibility  wit: 
others.     It  is  taken  to  task  most  severel; 
for  its  unwillingness  to  aid  in  the  read 
justmTt    of    the    nation's    industry    b 
concr  :'::g   heartily  in  the  reduction  o 
its    v, .  ges.      It   is   blamed   for   what 
called  ill-timed  insistence  on  the  close 
shop,  the  labor  union  and  collective  bar 
gaining.      The  sympathies  of  large  se 
tions  of  the  people  are  being  alienat 
from  the  cause  of  labor,  as  the  result 
this  agitation.     On  the  strength  of  tl 
veering  of  public  opinion,   capital  is  b 
ginning  a  new  war  on  labor  and  try 
to  bring  it  back  to  a  condition  of  trac 
ableness   and   submission,   which  in  th 
eyes  of  many  is  the  only  proper  place  fc 
the  workingman. 

"The  worst  thing  for  a  child  arj 
parents  that  follow  no  fixed  policy  i 
education',  but  that  allow  themselves  t 
be  inspired  by  their  moods  which  changl 
from  day  to  day  and  even  from  hour  t 
hour.  It  is  precisely  this  attitude  an 
policy,  full  of  uncertainty,  that  general! 
prevails  in  the  treatment  of  labor.  Sue- 
treatment  is  not  wholesome.  It  creat< 
false  expectations  andarouses  resell 
ment. 

"Rarely  does  the  public  get  the  trut 
concerning  labor  troubles.  They  ai 
mostly  seen  as  through  glasses,  out  < 
focus  and  grotesquely  distorted.  Th 
for  example  is  eminently  true  in  tt 
Virginia  mine  difficulties.  The  publ 
has  been  treated  to  one  side  of  the  que: 
tion,  which  of  course  is  unfavorable 
labor.  The  violence  of  labor  has  con 
in  for  round  condemnation.  But  of  tl 
underhanded  methods  said  to  have  bet 
employed  by  the  operators  to  break  tl 


THE    CARPENTER 


17 


morale  of  the  strikers  and  to  goad  them 
to  unlawful  deeds,  little  has  leaked  out. 
We  remember  how  illy  the  Interchurch 
World  Commission  Steel  Strike  Report 
fared.  Everything  was  done  to  dis- 
credit its  findings.  These  are  instances 
that  give  an  idea  of  how  things  are  ma- 
nipulated and  juggled  in  order  to  create 
impressions  unfavorable  to  the  cause  of 
abor.  These  instances,  however,  are 
ypical.  Labor  always  has  had  a  hard 
ime  getting  its  side  of  the  question  be- 
fore the  public. 

"There  is  a  specious  argument  often 
ised  to  turn  the  anger  of  the  consumer 
tgainst  labor.  It  is  charged  that  the 
rreatest  item  in  the  costs  of  production 
>f  any  article  is  the  wage  paid  to  the 
aborer,  and  that  consequently  the  high 
trices  prevailing  at  the  present  time  are 
lue  to  the  refusal  of  labor  to  agree  to  a 
eduction  of  wages.  That  seems  to 
linch  the  argument  and  put  labor  in 
he  wrong.      Still  in  spite  of  this  fact, 


labor  is  not  absorbing  the  national 
wealth ;  it  is  not  even  becoming  ap- 
preciably richer.  But  that  ought  to  be 
the  case  is  the  largest  share  of  the  price 
of  the  product  went  actually  to  labor. 
It  must  not  be  forgotten  that  the  re- 
sources of  nature  are  given  gratis  and 
that  the  only  thing  that  costs  is  labor. 
A  small  percentage  of  profit  taken  from 
an  extensive  surface  will  amount  to  very 
much,  especially  if  levied  on  a  commod- 
ity which  nature  offers  free  of  charge. 
It  is  not  the  purpose  of  this  article  to 
claim  that  the  cause  of  labor  is  absolute- 
ly just  and  that  labor  is  responsible  for 
none  of  the  evils  of  the  hour  that  so 
sorely  vex  all  classes  of  society.  It 
merely  wishes  to  show  that  the  verdict 
against  labor  is  based  on  a  one-sided 
presentation  of  the  case.  To  judge  on 
the  basis  of  evidence  thus  sifted,  con- 
stitutes an  essential  unfairness.  It  is 
under  this  unfairness  that  labor  chafes 
and  becomes  irritated." 


THE   HOUSE  THAT  JACK  BUILT 

(By  John  F.  Nascn  in  "The  Nation.") 


HE  workers  of  Boston  have 
bu:lt    a    house    of    which 
they  are  proud.   Not  many 
miles      from      Plymouth 
Rock    on    the     shores    of 
Massachusetts      Bay      it 
:ands.  a  half-brick  half-wooden  bunga- 
m,  which  I,  an  American  workingman, 
<sert    may    mean    almost    as    much    to 
iture  civilization  as  that  rock. 
People  talk  to  me  of  various  isms  and 
have  heard  many  a  soap-box  orator  on 
oston    Common    describe    the    perfect 
late.     But  I  have  had  enough  wind;  I 
I'Jifct  action.     The  proof  of  a  system  is 
ie  working,  I  told  a  fellow  bricklayer 
ie    day    when    we    were    dreamiug    of 
lildlng  houses  for  wage  earners  at  mod- 
ate  prices.     Nearly  a  year  has  passed 
ace  that  remark,   a  year  of  hard,  up- 
1!  work.     Instead  of  telling  the  bosses 
id  master  builders  that  there  were  bet- 
r  ways   of  doing  business   than   they 
iew.  we  determined  to  show  them  by 
tual  work  done.      My  philosophy  doe  ; ' 
»t  run   much  beyond  Avhat  I  am   able 
do.   but  after   there  is   something   to 
tot  to  I  am  willing  to  shove  out  my 
iiger. 

|  There  is  for/ethmg  to  point  to  now — 
wage-earner's  product  which  has  in  it 
e  promise  of  a  whole  economic  recon- 


struction. The  house  in  question  is  the 
first  product  of  a  thousand  co-operative 
working  builders,  with  the  boss  elimin- 
ated and  with  democratic  management 
substituted.  It  is  a  dream  a  few  me- 
chanics have  long  cherished.  Two  years 
ago  George  Edwards  and  I  determined 
to  do  what  many  idealists  have  been 
talking  about  for  ages.  We  had  faith 
in  our  fellow  workmen  in  the  building 
trades,  and  we  believed  there  were 
brains  enough  to  make  our  experiment 
a  success.  We  were  both  bricklayers, 
but  each  of  us  had  knocked  about  a  bit 
over  the  world  and  we  knew  something 
of  talking  in  public  because  we  had  long 
taken  part  in  union  meetings. 

Edwards  and  I  would  go  about  from 
one  union  meeting  to  another  telling  of 
this  new  idea  of  ours  to  build  without 
bosses,  and  to  put  roofs  over  workers  at 
15  per  cent  less  than  present  costs.  At 
last,  we  got  together  men  from  nearly 
every  building  craft  to  join  our  councils. 
Every  Saturday  night  we  came  together 
in  a  small  hall  at  Wells  Memorial  Labor 
Temple  and  discussed  ways  and  means. 
And  we  did  a  lot  of  talking  before  a 
chance  came  to  put.  our  theories  into 
concrete  form. 

One  of  the  newspaper  men  who  had 
given   us    several    articles   in   a    Sunday 


IS 


THE     CARPENTER 


paper  became  interested.  He  said  he 
was  willing  to  take  a  chance.  By  that 
time  we  had  nearly  seven  hundred  mem- 
bers owning  from  one  to  ten  §10  shares, 
but  arrangements  were  made  by  which 
the  journalist  would  pay  the  bills  weekly 
until  the  work  was  completed.  To- 
gether "with  the  journalist  and  his  wife 
we  looked  over  drawings  and  plans  and 
agreed  on  a  price.  It  was  a  thousand 
or  fifteen  hundred  dollars  below  what 
regular  contractors  would  have  es- 
timated. 

Our  plan  has  been  to  make  no  profits, 
but  to  get  a  small  percentage  on  money 
invested,  and  to  pay  good  wages.  Work. 
steady  the  year  round,  is  a  mechanic's 
dream,  and  we  determined  to  supply  it 
if  possible.  None  of  us  was  to  receive 
more  than  a  foreman's  pay.  and  when 
they  elected  me  President  and  I  took 
charge  of  the  offices  at  68  Pemberton 
Square  I  was  alloted  a  salary  equal  to 
what  I  earn  fi'om  a  good  week's  brick- 
laying. The  plan  of  organization  was 
drawn  up  by  a  young  Boston  attorney 
who  steered  us  past  many  legal  diffi- 
culties. We  agreed  that  no  stockholder 
should  have  more  than  one  vote  no  mat- 
ter how  many  shares  he  might  own.  Wy 
were  determined  that  the  corporation 
should  be  run  by  men  and  not  by  dollars. 
This  is  the  essence  of  co-operation.  The 
State  of  Massachusetts  has  always  been 
conservative  when  it  comes  to  giving 
charters  to  co-operative  organizations, 
but  by  good  luck  our  attorney  was  able 
to  secure  a  charter  with  broad  powers  to 
carry  on  any  industry  directly  connected 
with  construction  work. 

This  house  was  undertaken  at  a  time 
when  building  materials  had  reached  the 
top  notch  and  labor  was  still  SI  an 
hour.  A  foreman  was  elected  and  a 
building  committee  consisting  of  brick- 
layers, carpenters,  steam  fitters,  plumb- 
ers, plasterers,  and  paper  hangers  was 
chosen.  Each  craft  was  to  look  after 
its  own  particular  part  of  the  job  under 
the  direction  of  the  elected  boss  and 
building  council.  The  meeting  just  pre- 
ceding this  first  venture  was  the  most 
thrilling  in  our  experience.  We  had  no 
equivalent,  and  no  sum  had  been  set 
aside  for  it.  so  a  dozen  of  us  went  down 
into  our  jeans  for  money  to  pay  for  nec- 
essary tools. 

We  gave  the  journalist  and  his  wife 
the  right  to  add  to  or  take  away  from 
the   original  plans,    and   the   services   of 


an  architect  were  not  required — at  lei 
we  got  along  without  one.  Rough  pla. 
placed  in  our  hands  were  made  into  bl- 
prints  by  one  of  our  experienced  earpe 
ters,  and  they  worked.  The  journalis 
wife  proved  to  be  an  expert  shopper  a 
was  able  to  buy  much  of  the  mater 
used  in  the  house  at  a  reduction.  ■ 
the  other  hand  she  and  her  husba 
asked  for  changes  which  proved  < 
pensive.  Experts  who  have  exaniin 
the  house  estimate  its  value  at  about  t"i 
thousand  dollars  above  what  it  hi 

In  spite  of  difficulties  and  miscalcu- 
tions  in  this  initial  construction  job    ? 
have  gone  on  with  the  work,  and  n/j 
have  to   our   credit   thirty-eight  finisll 
contracts.      We  have  bought  outright  ■ 
large   tract   of  land   in   Dorchester  a] 
upon  one  corner  have  built  a  two-st< 
apartment  house  worth  eleven  thousa| 
dollars.      This   we  hope  soon   to   sell 
order  to  turn  our  money  over  into  ot: 
similar  houses. 

Recently  the  directors  have  brc 
ened  the  membership  requirements, 
iting  shareholders  to  those  who  hi 
union  cards  in  the  building  trades.  3 1 
have  extended  the  privilege  to  any  tnl 
unionists.  A  few  small  loans  have  b<i 
taken  from  banks  and  liberal  friei* 
who  are  in  sympathy  with  the  prora- 
tion. Our  efforts  in  building  are  limi  1 
at  the  present  time  by  the  lack  of  av;- 
able  funds  to  allow  us  to  accept  attr- 
tive  propositions  reqiiiring  initial  cap)  I 
of  many  thousands  of  dollars.  Wi 
completed  houses,  with  several  garac . 
with  every  kind  of  repair  construct  i 
work  to  our  credit,  we  feel  we  can  saffl 
go  before  the  public  and  ask  for  moil 
to  carry  on  a  plan  of  work  wb  j 
will  eventually  eliminate  unemployme . 
poverty,  and  industrial  warfare. 

There  are  plenty  who  predict  failr- 
and    a    few    members    have    withdra  ' 
discontented  with  methods  and  mana  - 
ment.   but   I  am   sure   we   Boston  v.  ' 
builders  are  on  the  right  track,  lead:-' 
to    a    method    of   production   which  vl 
give  contentment  and  work  to  thousai' 
who  will  feel  that  they  are  free  and 
dependent  American  workingmen.    A 
I  am  happy  to  say,  we  have  met  with  [ 
antagonism    from    the    Master   Buildf 
Association.      Its    Secretary  has  wisH 
us  success  if  we  can  point  to  any  p  ! 
by  which  houses  may  be  built  atreas<- 
able  cost. 


THE     CARPENTEU 


19 


SWISS  CARPENTERS 

(By  George  Cecil.) 


LL  over  Switzerland  the 
carpenter  does  well,  and 
in  the  Engadine — as  the 
Alpine  district  lying  near 
the  borders  of  Italy  is 
termed — his  services  are 
special  request.  For  many  of  the 
uses  are  built  almost  entirely  of  wood, 
I?  foundations  alone  being  of  stone  or 
Lck.  As  to  the  chalets,  in  which  the 
iarer  classes  live,  they  are  often  wood 
i1  •oughout,  the  rough  planks  used  in 
h  construction  passing  through  the 
Inds  of  a  local  carpenter,  who,  work- 
ic  under  the  direction  of  the  prospective 
Iiseholder,  undertakes  to  complete 
c  ction.  And  an  excellent  job  he  makes 
i  it,  too. 

I  In  many  villas  only  the  foundations 
iJ  the  lower  story  are  of  stone,  the 
ilier  ones  being  of  wood,  thus  furnish- 
i':'  the   carpenter   with   additional   em- 

I  yment.  The  partition  walls  are  often 
e  de  of  the   same  material,    while  the 

II  ustraded  verandas,  balconies  and 
l!  lging  windows,  which  form  a  feature 
I  -so  many  plank-built  Swiss  houses,  put 
q  ntless  francs  into  the  carpenter's 
Eket.  The  deep  projecting  eaves  and 
rif  ornaments,  which  are  frequently  of 
I  )d,  also  benefits  him ;  and  the 
p,  quet  flooring,  in  which  the  well-to-do 
"■hweitzer"  especially  delights,  may 
Pj\*e  a  windfall  to  the  carpenter.  Pan- 
el ug,  too,  keeps  him  busy — especially 
H|ie  is  a  man  of  taste,  and  skilled  in 
aj  lying  colored  woods.  Indeed,  the 
p'ron  with  plenty  of  money  to  spend 
I  >s  the  carpenter  cate  blanche  to  do 
a  he  likes,  and  to  spare  no  expense, 
o  .r  stipulating  for  results  which  will 
u  ie  his  house  the  pride  of  the  neigh- 
b1  lood.     In  almost  every  case  the  wish 


is  gratified. 

It  may  be  noted  that  the  carpenter 
with  a  good  connection,  and  with  some 
insight  into  the  building  trade,  some- 
times launches  out  as  a  builder  and  arch- 
itect, being  financed  by  some  local  man 
of  means.  Provided  that  he  is  well 
served  by  his  employes,  wealth  comes  to 
him. 

The  Swiss  carpenter  is  also  a  clever 
cabinet-maker.  So  great,  in  short,  is  the 
demand  for  his  work,  that  a  skilled 
craftsman  receives  orders  from  persons 
living  at  a  considerable  distance,  while 
the  inhabitants  of  the  neighboring  conn- 
tries  frequently  avail  themselves  of  hi  3 
services.  The  cabinet-maker's  labor 
finds  scope  in  wardrobes,  chests,  table:-. 
and  the  uncomfortable  three-legged, 
high-backed  stool-chairs,  the  original 
patters  of  which  has  been  handed  down 
throughout  the  ages.  Incidentally,  the 
demand  for  these  goods  keeps  the  car- 
penter busy  making  packing  cases  i-i 
which  to  despatch  them  to  their  desti- 
nation. As  a  carver  he  also  excels,  the 
decoration  upon  the  outer  wood- work  of 
the  villas  and  chalets  attesting  his  un- 
common skill  in  this  direction.  Indeed, 
if  money  is  no  object,  almost  every  inch 
of  wood  is  thickly  covered  with  carvings, 
much  of  which  is  a  true  work  of  art. 

Carpenters'  tools  being  mostly  the 
same  all  the  world  over,  there  is  no  need 
to  describe  in  detail  the  Swiss  variety. 
Rules,  adzes,  mallets,  pincers,  set- 
squares,  chisels,  augers,  jacks,  gimlets 
and  so  forth  are  used,  the  pattern  being 
very  similar  to  the  American  variety,.  It 
may,  however,  be  pointed  out  that  the 
"Engadiner"  excels  in  notching  and  cog- 
ging, and  that  he  is  an  adept  in  the  art 
of  dovetailing:. 


MR.  DOOLEY  AND  THE  PHOTO  ENGRAVER 


IS  a  woise  burrd,  Hinnisey, 
that  counts  his  chickens 
ivery  foive  minutes." 

"I  see  by  the  papers," 
said  Mr.  Hennesey,  "that 
the  P  h  o  t  y  Engravers 
I  >n  won  a  glorious  victory  and,  be  the 
sn /.'  token,  the  Assasyation  tuk  a  foine 
111 1,  sure  I  thought  they  wuz  the  bist 
■fads." 

They  worr,"  began  Mr.  Dooley,  slow- 
■  emoving  his  pipe,  "ontill  the  voci- 
i  us  minarity,  as  they  say  in  Rooshia, 


convinced  the  Lord  High  Commissioner 
that  a  condition  av  peace  wuz  a  rayflec- 
tion  on  his  Amiricanism.  There  used  to 
be,"  continued  Mr.  Dooley,  "an  Open 
Shop  Assasyation,  but  with  nuthin  to 
hould  it  togither  but  "ruinous  compayti- 
tion  it  wurrent  very  healthy  so  the 
boonch  of  shtalwart  Amiricans  who  com- 
prised it  consaved  the  idea  av  trannsfur- 
rin  their  good  affices  to  the  prisint  As- 
sasyation and  spreadin  the  gospel  there- 
in. So  they  wint  in  a  body  to  the  con- 
vintion  of  the  Assasyation,  and  a  foine 


20 


THE     CARPENTER 


i.pshtanding  boonch  they  worr,  repray- 
sinting  at  last  a  dozen  shops.  And  the 
noise  they  made.  Hinnisey,  wud  make  a 
jazz  orehestry  look  like  a  quite  moment 
in  a  dafe  and  dumb  asylum.  Tilligrams 
and  affydavits  won-  read  from  Boston, 
Detroit  and  Battle  Creek  and  other 
shtronghoicls  av  freedom  and  Amirioan- 
isim,  and  the  Amiriean  Plan  won-  proved 
beyant  a  doubt  the  only  salvation  av  the 
indoostry.  They  ridieooled  the  idea  av 
a  eoompact  with  inny  labor  organization. 
'Whut  fools  ye  are.'  they  said,  'to  let 
that  little  guy  Matt  Woll  run  yer  af- 
fayers.'  'What  manner  av  min  are  ye." 
they  asked,  'to  give  all  yer  profits  to  that 
booneh  of  highbinders?'  And  the  assim- 
billed  diligates  bein  mostly  nawthin  but 
business  min  without  any  eleeutionary 
edieation  and  niver  havin  aytinded  a 
nayger  camp  meetin  and  onused  to  emo- 
tional hysteeria  dropped  their  chins  on 
their  manly  chists  and  waited  for  the 
motion  to  adjourn.  Ye  see.  Hinnisey.  it 
worr  a  great  day  fur  the  Amiriean 
Plan." 

"Whut."  asked  Mr.  Hennesey,  "is  this 
Amiriean  Plan  they  talk  so  mooch  about 
anyhow?" 

"The  Amiriean  Plan,  Hinnisey."  said 
Mr.  Dooley,  "is  the  last  wurrd  in  e-fish- 
ency.  It  rayrnooves  the  nicissity  av 
worrying  about  quality  production  be- 
cause, forsooth  there  is  no  quality  to 
worry  over.  Furthermore,  it  rayrnooves 
the  timation  from  the  workinmen  to 
spind  his  ill  gotten  gains  foolishly,  thus 
relaving  the  silk  shirt  market.  In  other 
wurrds.  Hinnisey.  the  Amiriean  Plan 
transforrums  the  bulsheviki  into  a  soop- 


ressed  sight  and  "rayrnooves  sooch  dis- 
tractions from  the  noble  brow  of  the 
management.  But  annyhoo,  whin  the 
merry-go-round  shtopped  and  the  music 
died  down,  the  Lord  High  Commissioner 
worr  committed  to  the  Amiriean  Plan 
and  immejitly  shtarted  to  boombard  'he 
rank  and  file  Avith  the  progasand"  a? 
ire  glories  that  worr  theirs  for  the  takia. 
Havin  seen  the  loight  and  been  saved,  ho 
used  iviry  indivor  to  save  the  others. 
Some  av  the  bosses  bein  hard  headed 
business  min.  in  shpite  av  the  fact  that 
they  worr  in  the  engravin  business,  ray- 
fused  to  jine  the  'all  goin  out  and  naw- 
thin comin  in'  chorus,  but  a  hull  lot  of 
'em  did  and  that's  how  the  foight  shtart- 
ed. Whin  thirty- six  hundred  min  worr 
locked  out.  bun  fires  worr  lit  on  the 
Boston  Common  and  in  Battle  Creek  the 
welkin  rang  for  joy  and  they  say  there 
worr  held  a  pajamy  parade  in  Detroit, 
led  by  hizzoner  the  Mayor.  In  some 
places  they  even  donned  the  ooveralls 
and  wurked  in  the  shop,  think  of  it, 
Hinnisey.  loike  the  martyrs  av  ould. 
After  siviral  days  av  it.  whin  the  mil 
did  not  come  crawlin  back  there  worr 
boonch  av  headaches  amountin  to  an 
epydemic  and  wan  by  wan  they 
shnapped  out  av  it  and  signed  up. 
there.  Hinnisey,  ye  have  the  shtory 
misplaced  confidence." 

"But  whut  av  the  Lord  High  Commis- 
sioner."    asked     Mr.     Hennesey.       "01 
him."  replied  Mr.  Dooley,  knocking  tl 
ashes  from  his  pipe.     "At  last  raypor 
the  assasyation  mimbers  worr  takin 
a   collection  to  prisint  him  with  a  di 
mond  shtudded  autymobeel." 


THE  HIGH  COST  OF  BEING  UNORGANIZED 

(By  J.  M.  Budish.i 


OTHIXG  is  so  expensive 
for  the  worker  as  the  lux- 
ury of  not  belonging  to 
the  labor  union  of  his  in- 
dustry. The  high  cost  of 
remaining  outside  of  the 
union  movement  is  mounting  so  rapidly 
that  only  utter  blindness  could  fail  to  see 
it.  For  a  worker  to  stay  aloof  from  the 
labor  unions  and  to  depend  entirely  upon 
the  fairness  of  the  employer  amounts  al- 
most to  a  committal  of  suicide  by  neg- 
lect. For  the  high  cost  of  being  unor- 
ganized is  bound  to  crush  and  destroy 
this  individual  worker  almost  as  surely 
as  if  he  were  to  go  complacently  in  front' 


of  an  express  train. 

Let  us  take  a  case  of  an  employer  re- 
nowned for  his  self-asserted  fairness. 
Who  will  doubt  the  word  of  Judge  Gary 
of  the  Steel  Trust?  We  all  remembei 
how  Judge  Gary  publicly  professed  his 
utmost  consideration  for  the  workers 
not  to  speak  of  mere  fairness  or  justice. 
Why  Jud<re  Gary  sympathized  with  the 
worker  belonging  to  the  union.  He  al- 
leged that  the  union  member  "becomes 
an  industrial  slave  of  the  union."  Union 
members  must  pay  dues,  assessments. 
The  maintenance  of  the  union  involves 
considerable  expenses.  And  it  is  all  sc 
unnecessary.     Here  is  Judge  Gary  him- 


THE     CARPENTER 


21 


elf  who  assures  us  that  "labor  unions 

lay  have  been  justified  in  the  long  past, 

or  I  think  workmen  were  not  always 

reated  justly,  but  there  is  at  present  no 

ecessity  for  labor  unions."     You  see,  at 

resent,  according  to  Judge  Gary,  work- 

len  are  always  treated  justly. 

The   public    statement   was   made   by 

uage  Gary  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the 

tockholders    of  the    Steel   Trust   at  the 

eginning  of  April  of  this  year.     Since 

len,  the  wages  of  the  unorganized  steel 

orkers  have  been  reduced  three  times 

'y  Judge  Gary  and  his  trust.     On  May 

8,    1921,    came    the    first   20    per   cent 

auction  in  wages — from  $5.06  to  $4.05 

:>r  a  ten-hour  day.     Only  two  months 

ter,  on  July  16,  the  wages  of  the  un- 

•ganized    steel    workers    were    reduced 

lother   9y2    per   cent — to    $3.70    for   a 

n-hour    day.      And    on    August    29th, 

bother  wage  cut  of  almost  20  per  cent, 

ducing  the  wages  to  $3  for  a  ten-hour 

ly   was   put   into    effect   by   the    Steel 

i  "list. 

Mind  you,  this  is  the  richest  corpora- 

m  of  the  country — the  trust  that  made 

iring  the  last  year  a  net  profit  after 

ying  the   fabulous    salaries    to    Judge 

iry  and  all  the  rest  of  the  Presidents, 

ce-Presidents,  etc.,  net  profits  amount- 

i  to  the  little   sum   of   $185,000,000. 

le  corporation  besides,  has  accumulat- 

in  undivided  surplus  profits  more  than 

If    a     billion     dollars,     $522,000,000. 

w,    this    insatiable    trust    while    ac- 

>  ululating  profit  upon  profit  and  while 

asting  of  its   fairness,   justice  to  and 

1  :isideration    for   the    worker,    this    al- 

;;ed    examplary    employer    goes    ahead 

lid  reduces  the  wages  of  its  unorganized 

urkers   to  30c   an  hour,   which   would 

yount  to  $13.20  a  week  on  the  basis 

«  the  forty- four  hour  week.     But  even 

|  rking  as  they  do,  ten  hours  a  day,  or 

8  ty   hours    a    week,    the    unorganized 

fj  el  workers   could  earn  at  most   only 

5  a  week. 

'lore  we  have  the  high  cost  of  being 
organized  expressed  in  exact  figures, 
t  a  single  organized  trade  in  this  coun- 
had  to  submit  to  more  than  one  re- 
•tion  of  wages  during  the  same  five 
nths.  Not  in  a  single  organized  trade 
re  the  wage  reduction  during  this 
tod  higher  than  20  per  cent.  It  must 
ther  be  remembered  that  the  organ- 
1  workers  gained  considerable  in- 
^ses  in  wages  during  the  period  of 
Asperity,  that  when  the  depression 
ted  their  wages  were  at  much  higher 


levels  than  the  wages  of  the  unorganized 
steel  workers.  Practically  in  every  or- 
ganized trade  the  wages  were  alino  t 
twice  as  high  or  more  than  the  50c  an 
hour  received  by  the  unorganized  steel 
workers.  But  even  from  their  Consider- 
ably higher  wages  the  organized  worker  : 
owing  to  their  organized  resistance  were 
in  no  case  reduced  more  than  20  per 
cent.  In  most  of  the  cases  the  reduc- 
tions were  much  lower,  mostly  between 
10  and  15  per  cent. 

It  is  fair  to  assume  that  if  the  steel 
workers  were  organized  they  would  not 
have  fared  any  worse  than  the  greatest 
sufferers  among  the  union  workers. 
With  a  strong  organization  they  might 
have  had  to  submit  to  the  first  20  per 
cent  reduction,  but  certainly  under  no 
circumstances  would  the  Steel  Trust 
have  had  a  chance  to  force  upon  organ- 
ized steel  workers  the  second  and  third 
reductions.  The  second  and  third  re- 
ductions amounted  together  to  $1.05  a 
day  or  to  over  $6  a  week.  That  is  the 
minimum  cost  of  being  unorganized. 
The  unorganized  steel  workers  pay  at 
least  $6  a  week  for  the  privilege  of 
staying  outside  of  the  labor  movement. 
That  is  the  least  amount  in  net  cash, 
not  to  speak  of  the  very  long  hours, 
humiliations,  and  indignities  that  the 
unorganized  steel  workers  have  to  stand 
day  by  day  merely  because  they  are  un- 
organized. Compare  this  with  the  cost 
of  maintaining  any  union,  even  the  most 
extravagant,  and  you  will  immediately 
appreciate  how  significant  this  cost  of 
maintaining  the  unions  is  in  comparison 
with  the  high  and  ever  mounting  cost 
of  being  unorganized. 

The  high  cost  of  remaining  unorgan- 
ized is  so  staggering  that  it  is  no  wonder 
why  the  unorganized  workers  are  com- 
pelled to  submit  to  a  life  of  untold  mis- 
ery, of  actual  semi- starvation  and  ex- 
treme desolation.  Organization  is  the 
only  hope  of  the  worker.  It  is  his  only 
protection  both  against  the  high  cost  of 
living  and  against  the  still  higher  and 
mounting  cost  of  being  unorganized. 


Personal  stocktaking  of  where  the 
money  we  earn  under  union  conditions 
goes  to  is  strongly  urged  for  those  who 
take  goods  that  are  "just  as  good"  as 
Union  Labeled  commodities. 


Benjamin  Franklin  said:  "A  rolling 
stone  gathers  no  moss."  A  careless 
spender  gets  no  W.  S.  S. 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 

THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS   AND  JOINERS 

OF   AMERICA 

Published   on  the   15th   of  each   month  at  the 

CARPENTERS'   BUILDING 

Indianapolis.   Ind. 


UNITED  BROTHERHOOD   OF 

CARPENTERS   AND   JOINERS   OF   AMERICA, 

Pubi.ishehs 

FRANK  DFFFT.   Editor 


SOBSt 

One  Dollar  a  Y> 


moe.  Postpaid 


The  publishers  and  the  advertising 
agent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail= 
able  to  them  against  accepting  advertise= 
ments  from  other  than  reliable  firms,  but 
do  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
contents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap= 
pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au= 
thorities.  Therefore,  address  any  com= 
plaints  to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,   JULY,   1922 

Non=Union  Worker  Condemns  the 
"Open  Shop" 

Charles  G.  Gilbert.  Secretary  of  the 
Tennessee  Manufacturers'  Association, 
recently  circularized  all  Tennessee  edi- 
tors and  political  candidates  with  a 
statement  that  warns  the  candidate  that 
"the  people"  will  not  stand  for  the  Union 
Label  being  used  on  cards,  stationery, 
etc..  of  office  seekers. 

In  the  same  circular  Gilbert  said  also, 
among  other  misstatements  and  contra- 
dictions :  "The  association  with  which  I 
am  connected  does  not  discriminate  be- 
tween union  and  non-union/' 

This  and  others  of  Gilbert's  state- 
ments stirred  a  non-union  worker  in  a 
-•-called  "open  shop"  to  write  to  the 
editor  of  the  "Chattanooga  Labor 
World."  in  which  he  said  in  part: 


"Allow  me  space  to  answer  the  article 
by  C.  C.  Gilbert,  Secretary  of  the 
Tennessee  Manufacturers'  Association, 
which  I  saw  in  a  copy  of  your  last 
week's  issue  (handed  me  by  a  friend 
"who  is  a  union  man ) . 

"Everybody  now  knows  that  an  'open 
shop'  means  a  non-union  shop,  and  those 
now  supporting  that  movement  believe  - 
that  a  workingman  should  work  for 
wages  which  are  not  ample  to  support 
himself  and  family  and  under  conditions 
which  are  nothing  short  of  slavery. 

"These  so-called  'open'  shops  are  to- 
day paying  laborers  in  most  cases  .$1.50 
to  S2  for  a  long  day's  work.  Can  a  man 
with  a  family  rent  a  decent  house  for 
less  than  §15.75  a  month?  (what  I  am 
paying).  Can  he  feed  a  family  on  less 
than  $30  a  month?  Then  figure  in 
clothing,  doctor  bills,  insurance,  and  a 
thousand  and  one  other  things,  and 
where  do  you  come  out?  In  debt — of, 
course.  Will  the  proprietor  of  the  so- 
called  'open'  shop  furnish  you  credit? 
You  know  the  answer.  Mr.  Gilbert  and 
his  kind  will,  more  than  likely,  condemn 
the  workman  as  a  crook  for  failure  to 
pay  the  debts  which  have  been  forced 
upon  him  by  these  advocates  of  the 
'American  plan'  in  industry. 

"The  Union  Label  on  a  candidate's 
card  is  public  notice  that  he  favors  a  fair 
day's  pay  for  a  fair  day's  work,  and  that 
he  is  opposed  to  the  kind  of  slavery  that 
myself  and  thousands  of  others  have 
been  forced  into  through  the  hypocritical 
propaganda  of  Gilbert  and  his  kind, 
hiding  behind  the  grand  old  Stars  and 
Stripes  by  naming  their  movement  the 
'American  plan.'  " 

*      *      * 

Organized   Labor  Starts  Bank  In 
California 

The  first  co-orjerative  bank  in  Cal- 
ifornia has  been  formed  by  the  railroad 
employes  and  other  organized  workers  of 
San  Bernardino,  who  have  just  taken 
over  the  stock  of  the  San  Bernardino 
Valley  Bank,  and  converted  it  into  a 
co-operative  institution  to  be  known  as 
the  Brotherhood  Trust  &  Savings  Bank. 

The  workers  of  San  Bernardino,  who 
already    have    a    thriving    co-operative 


THE     CARPENTER 


store,  laundry  and  newspaper,  have  been 
planning  for  the  past  year  to  mobilize 
their  funds  in  their  own  co-operative 
bank.  They  secured  an  option  on  the 
stock  of  a  well  known  State  Bank  or- 
ganized in  1889,  having  the  oldest  sav- 
ings bank  charter  in  the  County.  At 
their  request.  Manager  Walter  P.  Mc- 
Caleb  of  the  Brotherhood  of  Locomotive 
Engineers'  Co-operative  National  Bank 
of  Cleveland  traveled  across  the  conti- 
nent to  help  them  work  out  the  co-op- 
erative details  of  the  bank.  Following 
the  purchase  of  the  stock  of  the  exist- 
ing State  Bank  by  the  organized  work- 
ers, a  new  board  of  directors  was  elected 
to  take  over  the  bank,  limit  the  earnings 
of  the  stockholders,  and  provide  for  the 
co-operative  distribution  of  profits  with 
depositors.  The  Brotherhood  Trust  & 
Savings  Bank  starts  with  a  paid  in  cap- 
ital of  $85,000,  assets  of  Over  $770,000 
and  deposits  of  $600,000.  The  workers 
of  San  Bernardino  predict  that  the  new 
co-operative  bank  will  have  deposits  ex- 
ceeding a  million  dollars  within  a  year. 

Workers  Dependent  Upon   Fixed  Stand= 
ards  of  Pay 

In  an  editorial  the  "Chicago  Tribune" 
recently  said  in  part : 

"This  nation  assuredly,  if  it  is  wise, 
will  drop  the  theory  that  life  here  pre- 
sents unbounded  opportunities  for  com- 
fort and  happiness  to  all  the  citizens  of 
tl'e  United  States.  It  no  longer  does, 
if  it  ever  did.  It  leaves  a  large  part  of 
Its  workers  dependent  upon  fixed  stand- 
ard !  of  pay,  and  if  those  standards  do 
not  permit  of  comfort  and  security,  there 
is  no  escape  for  the  persons  governed 
fey  them." 

"The  Tribune"  repudiates  the  old 
fallacy  that  economic  conditions  in  the 
United  States  present  opportunities  for 
employment  to  all  who  want  them.  And 
that  repudiation  makes  defense  of  ex- 
isting conditions  inexcusable. 

"The  Tribune"  is  right  in  denying  that 
all  citizens  of  the  United  States  have 
unbounded  opportunities  for  comfort  and 
happiness.  But  there  is  no  good  reason 
why  they  should  not  have  them.  In  a 
country  with  sufficient  natural  resources 
to  support  in  comfort  the  entire  popula- 
tion of  the  world,  why  should  there  be 
lack  of  opportunity  to  any  citizen  for 
lomfort  and  happiness?  Only  because 
to  most  of  these  citizens,  the  greater 
tart  of  these  resources  are  as  if  they  did 
lot  exist.     They  are  withheld  from  use 


by  the  owners,   who  are  encouraged  in 
this  course  by  unwise  laws. 

"The  Tribune"  has  done  well  in  ac- 
knowledging the  lack  of  opportunities. 
It  will  nevertheless  fail  in  its  duty, 
should  it  neglect  to  go  further  and  point 
out  the  needlessness  of  this  state  of  af- 
fairs, and  the  desirability  of  removing 
the  cause  that  produces  it. 

*  *      * 

Davis   Against   Cutting  Workers'   Pay 

James  J.  Davis,  United  States  Secre- 
tary of  Labor,  speaking  before  the  Na- 
tional Association  of  Manufacturers  re- 
cently, urged  that  industry  curb  exces- 
sive wage  reductions ;  that  it  declare  an 
armistice  with  labor,  and  that  it  support 
more  rigid  restruction  of  immigration. 

"Labor  may  have  had  its  fits  of  ar- 
rogance, employers  themselves  have  not 
been  without  them,  and  at  present  the 
temptation  to  employers  is  to  trim  their 
wage  scales  to  the  needs  of  the  hungry 
unemployed  at  their  gates,"  he  said. 

"Nothing  could  be  a  more  tragic 
blunder  of  shortsightedness,  even  in  the 
business  world  things  are  never  con- 
stant as  we  would  like  to  make  them. 
Just  now  the  pendulum  has  swung  to 
the  interests  of  the  employer.  As  pros- 
perity returns  the  pendulum  will  again 
swing  to  the  man  who  works.  If  you 
fill  him  with  resentment  now  he  will  pay 
back  in  the  same  coin  when  he  gets  the 
chance." 

#  *      * 

Building  Operations  Increase 

Measured  by  the  number  of  building 
permits  issued  during  the  year  in  the 
cities  reporting,  there  was  32  per  cent 
more  building  done  in  the  United  States 
in  1921  than  in  1920. 

This  includes  new  buildings,  both  res- 
idential and  non-residential  and  altera- 
tion and  repairs. 

The  United  States  Department  of  La- 
bor, through  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statis- 
tics, a  year  ago  collected  figures  for  1920 
and  early  this  year  began  the  collection 
of  like  data  for  the  calendar  year  1921. 
Thus  far  data  for  both  years  are  avail- 
able for  140  cities. 

There  was  a  decrease  of  3S  per  cent 
in  the  wholesale  prices  of  building  ma- 
terial between  the  average  for  1920  and 
1921.  Between  May,  1920,  and  May. 
1921,  there  was  an  increase  of  1%  per 
cent  in  building  trade  wage  rates  per 
hour.  The  estimated  cost  of  building 
construction  covered  by  permits  issued 
in   1921   was   17  per  cent  over  the   cost 


24 


THE     CARPENTER 


covered  by  permits  issued  in  1920,  due 
to  the  increase  in  the  number  of  permits. 

The  average  cost  of  one-family  dwell- 
ings as  indicated  in  the  permits  of  135 
cities  having  completely  segregated  data, 
was  $4,314  in  1920  and  $3,925  in  1921. 

For  two-family  dwellings  the  average 
cost  per  building  was  $7,949  in  1920  and 
$7,874  in  192.1.  These  averages  are. for 
the  cities  that  reported  for  both  years. 

Although  the  number  of  non-residen- 
tial buildings  was  larger  than  in  1920, 
the  money  expended  in  their  construction 
was  less.  This  is  accounted  for  in  part 
by  the  fact  that  the  number  of  large 
sized  factories  and  office  buildings  pro- 
jected during  1921  was  materially  small- 
er than  during  1920,  and  in  part  by  the 
decrease  cost  of  building  material. 

"Additions,  alterations  and  repairs," 
show  much  the  same  condition  as  "non- 
residential buildings,"  in  that  the  num- 
ber of  permits  was  greater  but  the 
amount  spent  was  less.  This  indicates 
that  many  minor  alterations  we're  made 
but  that  the  number  of  large  additions 
to  factories,  stores,  etc.,  was  not  so 
great. 

The  permits  of  1921  provided  housing 
for  125  per  cent  more  families  than  the 
permits  for  1920 :  in  other  words,  for 
2%  times,  as  many  families,  as  indi- 
cated by  the  reports  for  119  cities  re- 
porting for  both  years. 
*  -    *      * 

Labor  Organizations  In  Canada,  1921 

The  information  contained  in  the 
Eleventh  Annual  Report  on  Labor  Or- 
ganization in  Canada  covering  the  year 
1921,  which  has  just  been  issued  by  the 
Department  of  Labour,  shows  the  total 
membership  of  all  classes  of  trade  unions 
in  Canada  at  the  close  of  1921  stood  at 
313.320,  comprised  in  2.66S  local 
branches.  The  report  shows  that  over 
71  per  cent  of  trade  unionists  in  Canada 
belong  to  international  organizations. 
There  are  in  all  98  international  organi- 
zations having  one  or  'more  local 
branches  in  the  Dominion. 

Of  the  98  international  organizations 
operating  in  Canada,  75  made  payments 
for  benefits,  the  aggregate  disbursements 
being  $24,089,836,  an  increase  of  $4,- 
626,226  over  the  amount  expended  in 
1920.  The  payments  for  each  class  of 
benefit  were  as  follows : 

Death  benefits $9,674,060.00 

Unemployed    and    travel- 
ing benefits 423,031.00 

Strike  benefits    10,161,987.00 


Sick    and    accident    ben- 
efits          3,081,039.00 

Old     age     pensions     and 

other  benefits    749,719.00 

In  addition  to  the  statistics  furnished, 
the  report  contains  much  general  infor- 
mation as  to  the  activities  of  organized 
labor  in  Canada  as  well  as  reference  to 
important  labor  events  in  other  coun- 
tries. As  a  directory  of  trade  unions  the 
report  is  very  complete,  containing  par- 
ticulars of  every  known  local  trade  union 
in  Canada,  and  also  lists  of  central  or- 
ganizations and  delegate  bodies,  together 
with  the  names  and  addresses  of  th« 
chief  executive  officers  for  the  year  1922. 
A  chapter  in  the  report  is  devoted  to  a 
class  of  organized  wage- earners  who  do 
not  belong  to  the  organized  labor  move- 
ment, and  include  mainly  associations 
of  school  teachers  and  government  em- 
ployes. In  all  there  are  41  such  bodies 
having  a  combined  reported  membership 
of  43,298. 

*      *      * 

Damaged  Panaceas 

"The  Nation,"  in  an  editorial  undei 
the  caption  of  "Damaged  Panaceas.' 
The  panaceas  in  question  were  th( 
Kansas  Industrial  Court,  recently  saic 
in  part: 

"We  share  Governor  Allen's  desire  t( 
abolish  the  waste,  confusion  and  suffer 
ing  of  strikes.    But  experience  is  proving 
what  ought  to  have  needed  no  such  pah 
ful  proofs,    that,   the   organized   worker 
will  not  on   any   large   scale  consent 
work  under  threat   of  imprisonment 
wages    set  by   a   court.      Such   labor  i 
peonage      no      matter     how      disguised 
George  Bernard  Shaw  is  certainly  righ 
in   holding   that   the   cornerstone  of  th 
new  society  must  be  the  duty  to  wort 
He  may  be  right  in  holding  that  com 
pulsory  labor  will  be  enforced  in  a  so 
cialist   state — though   such   a   state  wi 
be  in  a  bad  way  if  it  has  to  depend  0 
machinery   like   the   Kansas   Court — bu 
if  so  compulsion  must  apply  universall 
and  men  who  work  under  it  must  not  b 
piling   up    profits   for   an    owning   clas: 
Neither  of   these  essential  conditions 
met  in  America.     Any  court  must  reflec 
the     point     of    view     of     property-rigl 
rather  than  of  labor- right  under  our  e? 
isting  economic  framework.     Even  if  il 
members  are  all  honorable  men  they  cai 
not  be  accepted  as  the  masters  of  labo 
The  most  that  State  Boards  can  wise! 
do  is   to   offer   to   mediate  in  labor  di: 
putes  and  to  make  public  the  facts  m 


THE     CARPENTER 


25 


derlying  them.  There  is  no  principle  of 
justice  to  be  applied  by  such  courts.  As 
the  "New  York  World"  says:  'There  is 
no  such  principle  because  wages  in 
modern  industry  are  fixed  by  a  very 
complicated  process  of  bargaining  be- 
tween employers,  capitalists,  consumers, 
and  employes.'  "  To  forget  this  fact  is 
to  add  fuel  to  the  flames  of  industrial 
conflict. 

Employe  representation,  which  is  the 
principle  behind  company  unions,  is,  as 
we  said  in  our  former  editorial,  a  dif- 
ferent matter.  Our  objection  is  only  to 
those  schemes  which  oppose  or  ignore 
the  national  labor  unions.  In  such  great 
industries  as  packing  and  coal  mining 
not  only  should  schemes  of  employes 
representation  be  free  from  the  obvious 
desire  of  the  employers  to  defeat  the 
unions,  but  they  should  make  place  for 
them  in  their  plans.  It  is  significant 
that  the  more  enlightened  employers  are 
beginning  to  understand  this  fact.  The 
New  Jersey  State  Chamber  of  Commerce 
has  adopted  a  report  on  Industrial  Rela- 
tions which  is  remarkable  for  its  sound 
sense.  It  condems  the  so-called  open 
1  shop  plan  and  commends  not  only  em- 
ploye representation  of  the  sort  to  be 
found  in  the  Dutchess  Bleachery  and 
the  Dennison  Manufacturing  Company, 
but  also  the  principle  of  "constructive 
co-operation  with  labor  organizations  in 
an  industry-wide  scope,"  such  as  has 
been  obtained  in  the  clothing  industry 
by  the  employers  agreement  with  the 
Amalgamated  Clothing  Workers.  Even 
such  co-operation  is  no  panacea  for  econ- 
omic ills  but  —  unlike  the  subterfuges 
which  we  criticized  in  our  editorial  — 
it    is    a    forward    step    in    eA^olutionary 

progress. 

*      %      * 

The  CJosed  Union  Shop  Is  Justifiable 

We  have  read  with  interest  a  book 
iust  sent  us  under  the  caption,  "The 
'losed  Union  Shop  Is  Justifiable"  com- 
piled and  edited  by  Edison  L.  Bowers 
ind  Alfred  G.  Buehler,  published  by  the 
Advertiser  Company  of  Tiffin,  O.  The 
ittle  volume  is  a  complete,  simple  and 
lp-to-date  case  for  the  "closed  union 
'■hop."  The  case,  as  contained  in  this 
>ook,  was  used  by  the  Heidelberg  de- 
lating team  which  this  year  upheld  the 
'closed  union  shop,"  and  was  in  .every 
•articular  far  superior  to  any  opposing 
rgument  presented.  After  winning 
hree  debates  in  Ohio  this  victorious  af- 
irmative  team  crossed   five  states  in  a 


two  thousand  mile  debating  tour,  which 
carried  them  West  of  the  Mississippi. 
In  all  the  debates  of  the  season  only 
one  was  "lost,"  and  that  because  some 
hand-picked  judges  were  opposed  to  la- 
bor unions  and  refused  to  vote  for  any 
learn  upholding  (he  closed  union  shop. 

In  a  brief  summary  in  conclusion  the 
editors  say : 

"It  has  been  shown  that  some  influ- 
ence is  needed  to  secure  labor  justice 
which  must  come  primarily  from  labor 
itself  through  collective  bargaining, 
which  is  impracticable  without  the 
principle  of  the  closed  union  shop,  an  1 
that  therefore  the  closed  union  shop  i; 
an  inevitable  and  necessary  institution 
in  American  Society.  Since  the  closed 
union  shop  would  benefit  the  employer, 
the  workman  both  union  and  non-union 
— and  the  American  public  more  than 
any  other  policy,  the  advantages  of  the 
closed  union  shop  would  far  outweigh 
its  disadvantages.  Since  the  closed 
union  shop  is  the  natural  and  inevitable 
result  of  American  industrial  history ; 
since  it  is  the  only  means  available  to 
supplement  the  law  in  the  control  of  the 
giant  corporation,  because  it  is  supported 
by  the  organized  millions  of  America, 
the  American  public  and  our  progressive 
employers,  the  principle  of  the  closed 
union  shop  by  its  very  nature  is  a  prac- 
ticable principle.  It  therefore  must  be 
concluded  that  the  closed  union  shop 
principle  is  justifiable  in  that  its  appli- 
cation would  best  serve  the  interests  of 
the  American  people." 

This  little  book  has  to  be  read  to  be 
appreciated   and   Ave    do   not   hesitate  in 
recommending  it  to  any  one  interested. 
*      *      * 

Classes  Organized  For  Carpenters 

Pratt  Institute  announces  the  opening 
schedule  of  evening  classes  for  the  Fall 
Term,  beginning  Thursday  evening,  Sep- 
tember 21,  1922.  Classes  will  be  organ- 
ized for  Carpenters  for  the  study  of  roof 
framing,  stair  building  and  steel  square 
problems  under  the  personal  supervision 
of  R.  M.  Van  Gaasbeek.  Circulars  of 
information  and  application  blanks  will 
be  mailed  to  all  members  of  the  Bro- 
therhood upon  request  by  addressing 
Pratt  Institute.  Grand  Avenue  between 
Willoughby  and  DeKalb  Avenues,  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y.  The  large  enrollment  for  these 
classes  makes  it  preferable  to  return 
application  blanks  prior  to  the  opening 
night. 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE   UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,   Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.   HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,   Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'   Building,   Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  lad. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St.,   Nashville,   Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District.  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San   Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh   District,  ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord   St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK   DUFFY,   Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerou 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receh 
ing  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter, 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  i 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  thi 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gei 
eral  Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  an 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  fo 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  tr 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the 
nancial   Secretaries   of   each    and   evei 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stan 
ing  who  does   not  receive  the  Jourm 
and  submit  same  to  the  General  Offi 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  i 
to  consideration  that  it  is  necessary 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  tl 
names  of  members  who  are  suspend* 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  the 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailii 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  tli 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attenti' 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financ 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  informati 
from  all  members  newly  initiated 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  wi 
those  who  have  changed  their  addre: 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Of 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  pur 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furn; 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  rosl 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addressi 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

By  carrying  out  the  foregoing  instr 
tions  you  will  not  only  assist  this  Genei 
Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of 
official    Journal,    "The    Carpenter," 
you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  members! 
at  large. 


T  IT  F     CARPENTER 


27 


NOTICE 

The  Chicago  District  Council  requests 
hat  all  members  of  the  United  Brother- 
od  pay  no  attention  to  the  advertise- 
u-nts  appearing  in  the  daily  papers 
liroughout  the  country  by  the  Citizens' 
'ommittee  to  enforce  the  Landis  Award. 


New  LocaSs  Chartered 
ort   Arthur   and    Vicinity,    Tex.    (Pile   Drivers 

and  Wharf  Builders.) 
Hbrville,   Conn.    (Railroad   Carpenters.) 
ioiioer,  Tex.  Shadyskle,  O. 

igsrberton,  0.  Delray,  Fla. 

llfende  Coali,  Mex.  Torreon,  Coah,  Mex. 

ross  Plains,  Tex.  Sommerviile,  Ind. 

utler,  111.  Pearl  River,  N,  Y. 

ortsnioulli,  Va.  Sbicksbinny,  Pa. 

an  Francisco,  Cat.  Hcrrington,  Kans. 

t&rtford,  Ky. 

Total  17  Local  Unions. 


A  Unique  Idea 

L.  U.  No.  17  of  Bellaire,  O.,  has  adopt- 
d  a  new  scheme  to  advertise  their  Lo- 
al.  It  is  in  the  form  of  a  large  placard 
•hich    is    posted    on    the    job    they    are 

orking  on  and  reads:  "The  Carpenter 
7ork  On  This  Building  Is  Being  Done 
y  Union  Carpenters." 


Tool  Box  Stolen 
Brother  Geo.  P.  Albertson  of  L.  U.  No. 
?0  of  Vineland,  N.  J.,  reports  to  this 
Bee  that  his  tool  box,  together  with  a 
t  of  tools,  has  been  stolen.  The  tools 
e  all  marked  with  his  initials.  G.  P.  A., 
id  any  brother  coming  across  any  of 
ese  tools  kindly  notify  Geo.  P.  Albert- 
n,  513  Park  Ave.,  Vineland,  N.  J. 


Working  Women  Build  First 
Labor  Home 

The   first   woman's   Labor   Temple   in 

s  United  States  is  being  built  in  Los 

igeles,  Cal.     Ground  for  it  was  broken 

few  weeks  ago.     When  completed  the 

5t  will  be  in  excess  of  $14,000. 

This  achievement  is  due  largely  to  the 

jiors  of  Mrs.    Frances   Neil,    Chairman 

<  the  Woman's  Committee  of  the  Cen- 

Ijl  Labor  Council,  and  the  action  of  the 

nt   board    from    the    building,    metal, 

n  ting,      and      miscellaneous      Trades 

lncil,   who    have    wisely    enlisted    the 

operation  of  the  women  in  advancing 

welfare  of  Organized  Labor. 
The  building  will  adjoin  the  Los  Au- 
las Labor  Temple  and  will  be  known 
:i  the  Woman's   Annex.      It   will  be   a 
ae-story  structure  containing  a  mod- 
kitchen,    assembly    hall,    rest    and 
Iping  rooms,  and  offices  for  the  various 
nan's  organizations, 
'lans   are   being   formulated   for  fur- 


nishing the  building  and  placing  a  wo- 
man  in  charge  to  supply  information 
to  members.  It  will  be  the  home  of 
r>,000  active  workers  in  the  labor  move- 
ment. 


1922 

Once  more  we  stand  with  half-reluctant  feet 
Upon  the  threshold  of  another  year  ; 

That  line  where  Past  and  Present  seem  to  meet 
In  stronger  contrast  than  they  do  elsewhere. 

Look  hack  a  moment.     Does  the  prospect  please, 
Or  docs  the  weary   heart  hut  sigh   regret? 

Can   Recollection    smile,   or,   ill   at  ease 
With  what  is  past,  wish  only  to  forget? 

Say,     canst    thou     smile    when    Memory's    lin- 
gering gaze 
Once   more   recalls   the   dying  year  to  sight? 
Wouldst    thou    live    o'er   again    those    changing 
days, 
Or  bid  them  fade  forever  into  night? 

A    solemn    question,    and    the    faltering    heart 
Scarce   dare    say,    "Yes,"    yet   will    not    quite 
say  "No"  ; 
For    joy    and    sadness    both    have    played    their 
part 
In    making   up    the   of    "long   ago." 

Here  Memory   sees  the  golden   sunli«'M   gleam 
Across   the    path    of   life    and    shine    awhile; 

And  now  the  picture  changes   like   a   dream, 
And  sorrow  dims  the  eyes  and  kills  t'-.e  smile. 

So — it   has   gone — where   all    has   gone    before  ; 
The  moaning  wind  has  sung  the  dead  year's 
dirge, 
Time's    waves    roll    on    against    the    crumbling 
shore. 
And    sinks    the    worn-out    bank    beneath    the 
surge. 

Here    ends    the    checkered    page    of    prose    and 

verse, 

Of  shapely    words    and    lines    vrr't    all    awry. 

There  they  must  s+and  for  better  or  for  worse: 

So  shut  the  book  and  bid  the  year  good -by  ! 

-  -Exchange. 


Maybe  This  W"H   Take  Away   S)me  of 
Hss  Conceit 

An  employe  of  a  paper  mpTvfaeturing 
company,  tired  of  hearing  ii.<_.  coast  of 
their  importance,  dug  up  the  fact  that, 
according  to  scientific  investigation,  the 
ingredients  of  a  man,  plus  water,  are  as 
follows : 

Fat  enough  for  seven  bars  of  soap. 

Iron  enough  for  a  medium-sized  nail. 

Sugar  enough  to  fill  a  shaker. 

Lime  enough  to  whitewash  a  chicken 
coop. 

Phosphorous  enough  to  make  2,200 
match  tips. 

Magnesium  enough  for  a  dose  of  mag- 
nesia. 

Potassium  enough  to  explode  a  toy 
cannon. 

Sulphur  enough  to  rid  a  dog  of  fleas. 

The  whole  collection  is  worth  9Sc,  and 
that  in  a  day  when  things  are  three 
times  as  high  as  they  used  to  be. 


CorrQspondQncQ 


Ladles'    Auxiliary    Celebrates    Its    First 

Anniversary 
Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

Our  Ladies'  Auxiliary  to  Carpenters 
L.  U.  No.  62.  of  Los  Angeles,  Cal.,  cele- 
brated our  first  anniversary  February 
14,  1922,  and  feel  that  we  deserve  ■•hon- 
orable mention.'' 

At  the  close  of  the  year  we  have 
helped  a  number  of  needy  members  of 
the  carpenters'  families,  because  of  sick- 
ness :  visited  the  sick  and  tried  to  com- 
fort the  sorrowing. 

We  have  bought  one  Labor  Temple 
note  of  §100  and  have  a  balance  of  $112 
in  the  treasury. 

Besides  all  of  this,  we  have,  whenever 
the  opportunity  offered,  "boosted"  for 
Union-Made  goods  and  insist  on  getting 
the  Label. 

The  better  fellowship  ,that  exists  in 
the  different  Carpenter  Locals  and  also 
between  them,  we  feel  sure  is  largely 
due  to  the  many  enjoyable  social  gather- 
ings that  have  been  brought  about  be- 
cause of  our  Auxiliary. 

Through  the  combined  efforts  of  the 
women  connected  with  the  labor  move- 
ment in  Los  Angeles,  we  are  to  have 
a  ""Women's  Annex"  to  the  Labor  Tem- 
ple, providing  a  convenient  and  suitable 
place  for  women  to  meet  at  all  times. 

With  the  hope  that  this  may  encour- 
age many  other  groups  of  women  to  or- 
ganize and  help  the  cause  of  labor,  we 
remain. 

Sincerely  and  fraternally. 

LADIES'  AUXILIARY  TO 
CARPENTERS'    L.    U.   No.    62. 

Estella  Orser.  Eec.   Sec. 


L.   U.    No.    177    Celebrates    Its   Twenty= 
Fifth  Anniversary 

Editor.  "The  Carpenter"  : 

L.  U.  Xo.  177  of  Springfield.  Mass.. 
celebrated  its  twenty-fifth  anniversary 
on  Friday  evening.  April  2S,  1922.  at 
the  Central  Labor  Union  Hall.  The  hall 
was  beautifully  decorated  with  bunting 
and  American  Flags.  The  affair  was  at- 
tended by  about  five  hundred  members, 
their  wives  and  families. 

There  was  a  good  program  of  enter- 
tainment arranged,  consisting  of  a  brief 


history  of  the  Local  by  William  Foster, 
who  was  first  President  -of  the  Local, 
also  remarks  by  M.  T.  Xihiil,  one  of  the 
oldest  members. 

The  toast  master  for  the  evening  was 
D.  D.  Peek.  President  of  Local  at  present 
time,  who  handled  the  situation  very 
cleverly,  there  were  also  remarks  by 
Thos.  MeCarrol,  the  present  Business 
Agent.  Beautiful  vocal  solos  were  sung 
by  Miss  Kapisarda  and  Dennis  Hogan. 

A  Scotch  comedy  sketch  by  Brother 
Xeil  Patterson  took  the  house  by  storm 
and  had  to  answer  a  number  of  times 
to  applause.  The  program  over,  there 
was  a  bountiftd  supper,  after  which  the 
hall  was  cleared  and  the  rest  of  the 
evening  was  devoted  to  dancing  until 
12:00  o'clock. 

The   affair   was   a   success   from   start 
to    finish    and    the    committee    deserves 
great  credit  for  the  able  manner  in  which 
they  put  on  the  celebration. 
Fraternally  yours, 
P.   T.   GAWEY,  Bee.   Sec. 


Takes  Exceptions 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

In  the  May  issue  of  our  Journal  I 
read  a  letter  entitled  "Landis  Organized 
Baseball."  The  writer  of  same  is  a  little 
too  hasty  in  wanting  you  to  write  all 
Locals  to  stay  away  from  games  of  or- 
ganized baseball.  Let  me  say  to  the 
brother  through  your  columns  that  I. 
the  undersigned,  built  the  giant  grand 
stand,  did  all  the  carpenter  work  for 
the  club,  known  as  the  Xational  League 
of  Brooklyn.  X.  Y.  I  did  the  entire  work 
and  there  was  not  a  man  on  the  job  from 
start  to  finish  that  did  not  carry  a  card 
and  not  saw  and  hatchet  men  either, 
and  every  man  was  over  21. 

Let  me  also  tell  the  brother  that  at 
the  time  I  started  the  job  Mr.  Edward 
J.  McKeever  sent  to  the  field  for  me  and 
asked  me  about  the  men  that  I  had  011 
the  job  and  I  explained  that  I  had  strict- 
ly all  union  men  and  woidd  pay  them  the 
scale.  He  said:  "Go  ahead,  Bill,  get 
your  own  men  and  pay  them  union 
wages:  it's  up  to  you." 

Xot  only  that.  I  have  clone  other  work 
for  him  and  he  was  always  willing  to 


THE    CARPENTER 


29 


nrploy  union  men  and  pay  the  money. 

Mr.  Edward  J.  McKeever  is  the  Vice- 
•re.sident  of  the  club. 

I  am  a  man  that  traveled  through  the 
ountry  in  18S5  with  P.  J.  McGuire,  or- 
anizing  our  Brotherhood  and  have  been 

ftuember  ever  since.  I  have  not  as  much 
ive  for  Landis  as  Brother  Daniels  has, 
ut  it  is  poor  policy  to  kill  the  goose  that 
lid  the  golden  egg. 

Fraternally  yours, 
,.  U.  No.  740  WM.   A.   OARLEY. 

147  92nd  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 


Decision  Rendered  in  the  St.  Louis 
Controversy 

Iditor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

Thinking  our  members  would  be  in- 
?rested,  I  am  herewith  submitting  copy 
f  the  decision  rendered  by  Father 
'imothy  Deinpsey  in  connection  with 
lie  wage  award  made  on  April  8th, 
'athor  Dempsey  having  been  chosen  by 
tie  Master  Builders  and  accepted  by  the 
urpenters  as  arbitrator  in  that  dispute. 
Fraternally  yours, 

J.   L.   FRITZ, 
Secretary,  Carpenters'  District  Council. 


St.   Patrick's.  Rectory, 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  April  28,  1922. 
'o  the  Carpenters'  District  Council. 
tentlemen : 

The  assumption  is  not  disputed  that 
rganization  is  necessary  for  the  protec- 
ioii  of  workers  and  the  consequent  well- 
eing  of  society.  Owners  of  capital  in 
lie  most  stable  industries  realize  that 
jieir  rewards  are  conditioned  and  safe- 
uarded  by  the  security  assured  to  them 
iirough  the  unions  against  inferior  out- 
ut,  both  in  quality  and  quantity.  The 
sperience  and  observation  of  your  ref- 
ree  have  shown  him  that  the  absence 
f  cohesion  amongst  the  masses  of  un- 
rganized  labor  destroys  the  sense  of  in- 
ividnal  responsibility,  which  was  so 
ctive  (luring  the  war  period,  when  all 
ibor  was  organized  and  busy. 

The  stagnation   in  building  is  largely 
ue  to  a  state  of  mind  brought  about  by 

rumor  or  belief  that  prices  were  about 

>  fall  and  that,  consequently,  there  was 
■'isdom  in  waiting.  The  settlement  and 
tabilization  of  wages  in  any  essential 
idustry,  such  as  this  is,  cannot  fail  to 
ispel  much  of  the  hesitancy  and  un- 
ertainty,  that  have  confronted  enter- 
rise  and  delayed  prosperity.      Welfare, 

ke  goodness  is  self -diffusive;  the  satis- 


fied employment  of  such  a  body  of  high- 
ly skilled  men  as  the  carpenters  spreads 
its  influence  through  all  the  circles  of 
labor  and  business  within  the  city 
and  and  more  remotely  through  the 
whole  country. 

After  a  thorough  examination  of  the 
arguments  presented,  both  oral  and  doc- 
umentary, by  the  Master  Builders  and 
the  members  of  the  Carpenters'  Union 
through  their  representatives,  as  I  have 
been  competent  to  make,  and  bearing  in 
mind  that  there  has  been  no  appreciated 
reduction  in  the  cost  of  living  as  to  war- 
rant a  much  lesser  wage  than  the  car- 
penters  are  receiving,  and  that  any  low- 
ering in  what  is  known  as  the  American 
standard  of  living,  is,  in  the  long  run, 
detrimental  to  the  interests  of  labor  and 
capital  alike,  as  well  as  to  society  in  gen- 
eral, I  beg  to  make  this  award :  One 
dollar  and  ten  cents  per  hour  from  May 
1,  1922,  to  May  1,  1923. 
Respectfully. 

TIMOTHY   DEMPSEY. 

ADDENDA:  In  reaching  this  award. 
I  was  guided  by  the  following :  The  car- 
penters require  an  expensive  outfit  of 
tools  beyond  ail  other  mechanics,  the 
purchase  and  maintainance  of  which 
must  not  be  lost  sight  of  in  any  equit- 
able adjustment  of  wages.  They  have 
to  be  familiar  with  the  general  construc- 
tion of  a  building  in  following  the  plans 
of  the  architect;  in  brief,  their  work  is 
fundamental  to  the  employment  of  other 
crafts,  and  to  putting  in  motion  the  hu- 
man and  material  resources  that  have 
been  allowed  to  deteriorate  too  long. 


Information  Wanted 

Win.  Derlin,  whose  photograph  is  hero 
shown,  disappeared  from  his  home  in 
New  York,  N.  Y.,  April  11,  1922.     He  is 


32  years  of  age  and  any  one  knowing  of 
his  whereabouts  kindly  address  Chas. 
Nobis,  Business  Agent,  L.  U.  No.  366, 
441  E.  Tremont  St.,  New  York.  X.  Y. 


30 


THE     CARPENTER 


Informatioon  Wanted 

Ralph  Davidson  Weston,  who  is 
shown  in  the  accompanying  photo,  form- 
erly a  member  of  L.  U,  No.  5S5,  is  6  ft. 
tall,    bine    eye:,    brown    hair,    fair    com- 


plexion.     Anyone    knowing-    his    where- 
abouts or  can  give  any  information  re- 
garding him,  will  be  greatly  appreciated. 
Please  communicate  with 
MRS.    RALPH    DAVIDSON    WESTON, 
Corona,  Long  Island,  New  York. 
General  Delivery. 

Information  Wanted 

Anyone  knowing  whereabouts  of  J. 
Harvey  Rice,  formerly  of  Philadelphia, 
Pa.,  last  seen  in  1918,  please  notify  his 
wife. 

MRS.   M.   RICE, 
2053  N.  8th  St.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Oak  Flooring  Lengths 

Clear  oak  flooring  can  be  purchased 
for  less  than  the  price  of  clear  oak  lum- 
ber. Bear  in  mind  that  clear  oak  lumber 
is  being  spoken  of — a  better  gi'ade  than 
firsts  and  seconds.  F.  A.  S.  will  admit 
small  defects  not  admissable  in  clear 
oak  flooring  or  a  clear  grade  of  oak 
lumber. 

What  is  the  explanation  of  this  ap- 
parent anomaly?  How  can  an  industry 
subsist  that  apparently  charges  less  for 
a  completely  manufactured  article  than 
the  raw  product  from  which  it  is  made? 
An  article,  too,  that  requires  more  men 
per  thousand  feet  to  make  than  any 
other  article  in  the  dealer's  shed. 

Seven  is  the  lucky  number  for  oak 
flooring  makers.  The  legians  may  look 
for  blessings  in  groups  of  three ;  the 
Oriental  mystic  may  prefer  the  number 
13,  but  oak  flooring  men  burn  incense 
to  a  lucky  7  because  it's  the  single  word 
of  seven  letters  that  gives  them  life  and 
permits  them  to  be.  This  word  is  the 
tongue-tieing  monesyllable  of  six  con- 
senants  and  one  vowel — which,  by  the 
way,  must  look  as  bad  to  a  Russian  as 


all  of  his  words  do  to  us — the  word 
1-e-n-g-t-h-s. 

The  fact  that  oak  flooring  is  accepted 
in  lengths  of  1  ft.  and  up  makes  possible 
the  manufacture  from  common  oak  lum- 
ber. It  is  lengths  that  give  the  oak 
flooring  fellow  the  right  to  live. 

And  yet  how  often  has  the  builder 
contested  this  reasonable  plea  for  ex- 
istence by  specifying  long  lengths  of  oak 
flooring.  The  manufacturer  does  marvel- 
ously  well  to  give  the  lengths  he  does. 
He  must  get  clear  oak  flooring  out  of 
common  lumber  and  in  the  cutting  nec- 
essary to  produce  it,  long  lengths  are  not 
possible. 

It  may  be  safely  predicted  that  as  the 
years  pass  the  lengths  of  oak  flooring 
will  become  shorter  than  they  are  today. 
The  supply  of  large  timber  is  diminish- 
ing. A  less  and  less  percentage  of  up- 
pers is  produced  and  with  this  a  sharper 
inspection  of  the  lower  grades.' 


A  Man's  Prayer 

Teach  me  that  sixty  minutes  makes 
an  hour,  sixteen  ounces  one  pound  and 
one  hundred  cents  a  dollar.  Help  me  so 
to  live  that  I  can  lie  down  at  night 
with  a  clear  conscience,  without  a  gun 
under  my  pillow  and  unhaunted  by  the 
faces  of  those  to  whom  I  have  brought 
pain.  Grant  that  I  may  earn  my  meal 
ticket  on  the  square,  and  that,  in  earn- 
ing it,  I  may  do  unto  others  as  I  would 
have  them  do  unto  me.  Deafen  me  to 
the  jingle  of  tainted  money  and  to  the 
rustle  of  unholy  skirts.  Blind  me  to  the 
faults  of  the  other  fellow  and  reveal  to 
me  my  own.  Guide  me  so  that  each 
night  when  I  look  across  the  table  at  my 
wife  who  has  been  a  blessing  to  me,  I 
will  have  nothing  to  conceal.  Keep  me 
young  enough  to  laugh  with  little 
children  and  sympathetic  enough  to  be 
considerate  of  old  age,  and  when  comes 
the  day  of  darkened  shades  and  smell  of 
flowers,  the  tread  of  foot-steps  in  the 
front  yard — make  the  ceremony  short 
and  the  epitaph  simple : 

HERE   LIES   A  MAN. 


The  Union  Label  helps  us  to  provide 
in  times  of  industrial  peace  what  we 
very  often  need  in  industrial  war  —  a 
strong  organization  and  substantial 
funds. 


Benjamin  Franklin  said:  "Look  before 
or  you'll  find  yourself  behind.  Budgets 
make  margins  for  W.  S.  S. 


THE    CARPEXTER 


31 


* 

********** 

* 

* 

# 

* 

* 

* 

FIVE    YEARS    HENCE 

* 
* 

* 

you  will  receive  Five  Dollars  for 

* 

* 

every   Four   you   invest   today   in 

* 

* 

* 

Treasury 

* 

* 

Savings 

* 

* 
* 
* 

Certificates 

* 

Money  invested  in  Treasury  Sav- 

* 

* 

ings  Certificates  increases 

* 

* 

* 

* 

25 %  in  5  years 

;!; 

* 

* 

* 

In      three      denominations 

* 

* 

costing  $20,  $80  and  $S00 

* 

* 

^!= 

* 

* 

The    U.    S.    Government    Savings 
System 

Second    Federal    Reserve   District 

120  Broadway         New  York  City 


* 


A   Carpenter's   Prayer 

Our  father  who  art  in  Indianapolis, 
look  down  upon  the  poor  carpenters  of 
Wood  River  and  vicinity  at  your  early 
convenience. 

We  ask  the  father  to  lead  us  not  into 
temptations  or  into  open  shops,  but 
straightway  out  of  idleness  and  deliver 
us  into  the  hands  of  employers  who  have 
lots  of  work,  employers  who  believe  in 
and  practice  that  good  old  rule:  "Live 
and  let  live." 

And  father,  if  you  can  by  honorable 
means  soften  the  hearts  of  our  empoly- 
ers  that  they  will  not  grumble  about  the 
little  compensation  that  we  are  to  re- 
ceive. 

Help  them  to  realize  from  the  bottom 
of  their  hearts  that  labor  is  deserving  of 
as  much  consideration  as  capital,  and 
Tvithout  us  they  would  be  helpless, 

Now  father,  when  we  enlisted  in  this 
grand  and  noble  cause  we  did  it  with  a 
full  knowledge  that  it  was  only  through 
organization  that  we  could  hope  of  bet- 
tering our  poor  conditions,  now  we  go 
along  down  here  minding  our  own  busi- 
ness, working  when  we  get  the  work  to 
do,  giving  value  received  for  the  wages 
we  get,  applying  the  little  we  earn  to 
1  inying  house  rent  and  grocery  bills  try- 


ing  to    keep   ourselves   and   families  ex- 
isting. 

And  father,  we  are  not  asking  any 
advance  in  our  wages  and  we  do  not 
want  to  reduce  them  until  we  are  sure 
that  the  price  of  bacon  and  beans  have 
first  been  reduced, 

Father,  we  know  thou  art  great  and 
strong  and  have  the  power  to  act,  we 
ask  thee  to  do  something,  something 
great,  "something  that  will  cause  the 
hair  to  stand  on  our  heads."  especially 
Brother  Bryan  and  Brother  Flynns,  be- 
cause they  are  both  ballheaded. 

Now  father,  let  us  ask  thee  to  forgive 
us  our  fines,  our  sins  and  our  guilty  con- 
science because  we  know  we  sin  when 
we  so  often  fail  to  call  for  the  Union 
Label, 

Now  father,  should  you  feel  that  we 
are  a  little  unreasonable,  then  again 
may  we  please  ask  that  you  continue 
to  guide  and  direct  the  two  brothers 
mentioned.     A  MEN. 

FRANK   CROSS. 
L.  U.  No.  1S08.  Wood  River,  111. 


Some  Rules  To  Heed 

STOP'  riding  last  year's   Trouble   Bus, 

STOP  feeling  sad  and  blue  ; 
STOP    knocking    Ninoteen-twenty-one, 

STOP  doubting   'Twenty-two. 
STOP  wailing  of  mistakes  you've  made, 

STOP  saying  gloom  endures  ; 
STOP  envying  your  rival's  luck, 

STOP  lamenting  yours. 
STOP   springing  ancient   alibis, 

STOP  thinking  them  at  all ; 
STOP  crying  to  each  friend  you  meet, 

STOP  backing  toward  the  wall. 
STOP  eating  only  of  the  husks. 

STOP  throwing  up  your  guard  ; 
STOP  wearing  undertaker  looks, 

STOP    saying    times    arc    bard. 
STOP  worrying  about  your  tires, 

STOP  driving  'round  in  low  ; 
STOP  saving  on  the  Peppy  Oas. 

STOP  all  that  stuff— and  GO  ! 

GO  get  yourself  a   Grinmobile, 

GO  get  equipped  for  speed  ; 
GO  after  everything  in  sight. 

GO  get   the  joys  you  need. 
GO  smiling  to  your  daily   task, 

GO  after  business,  too'; 
GO    where    it    never   was    before, 

GO  where  it  waits  for  you. 
GO  where  the  jokers  congregate, 

GO  tell  a  few,  and   then 
GO   home   and    I  ell    them    to    your   wife. 

GO   pass   them    'round   again. 
GO   where  you    think   the   blues   abide, 

(JO   where   (lie  gloomers    sil  ; 
GO  hear  their  pessimistic  plaint, 

GO  talk   them  out  of  it 
GO  make   them  all  stand   up  and   shout  : 

"GO   'Twenty-one!    Adieu!" 
GO  flood  the  world  with  but  one  song  : 

"GO  big  in  'Twenty-two-" 

— By  William  Ilerschell. 


'You  may  dream  great  dreams  for  the  future. 
You  may  fashion  and  scheme  and  plan. 
But     you    will    never    see    those    dreams    made 

Real 
Iiest  you  will  work  with  your  fellow  man. 

— S.  Thos.  McBrier 


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Casual  Comment 


The  only  entirely  reliable  "friend  of 
labor"  is  labor  itself.  So  why  not  have 
as  many  friends  as  possible — keep  after 
that  500.000. 

4:  *  $ 

Anti-union  influences  are  resorting  to 
the  old  method  of  quoting  building  per- 
mits in  an  effort  to  lure  building  crafts- 
men to  many  localities,  that  are  already 

overcrowded  with  idle  workers. 

*  *      * 

These  building  permits  do  not  neces- 
sarily mean  that  buildings  will  be  erect- 
ed, as  they  are  often  used  by  promoters 
who  are  seeking  credit  and  our  members 
had  better  make  inquiry  of  the  Business 
Agent  in  that  locality  before  making  any 
preparation  to  locate  in  such  places. 

*  *      * 

The  Interstate  Commerce  Commis- 
sion's finding  that  the  Pennsylvania  and 
New  York  Central  practically  defrauded 

the  Government  of  more  than  S 6.0 00.- 
000  on  cost  plus  contracts  for  locomotive 
repairs  sheds  a  vast  and  illuminating 
light  on  similar  contracts  more  recently 
made  by  a  number  of  railroads. 

*  *      * 

A  socialogist  says  human  beings  are 
divided  into  three  classes — capitalists, 
landlords  and  laborers.  He  is  correct  in 
excluding  strike-breakers. 

Mr.  Gary,  head  of  the  big  steel  cor- 
poration says  ''the  sun  of  prosperity  is 
shining."     To  the  lowly  wage-earner  in 

his  mills,  however,  the  weather  appears 
still  somewhat  unsettled. 

*  *      * 

TTe  suspect  that  one  thing  the  matter 
with  industry  is  that  not  enough  of  it  is 
conducted  on  the  floor  of  the  shop  and 
too  much  overhead. 

*  *      * 

Congressman  Blanton.  of  Texas,  the 
acknowledged  spokesman  of  the  union- 
busting  "open  shoppers"  of  America  has 
again  been  castigated  by  his  colleagues. 

It  looks  like  every  time  he  opens  his 
mouth  he  puts  his  foot  into  it. 

*  *      * 

Some  persons  can't  help  opposing 
trade  unionism  for  much  the  same  rea- 
son that  some  persons  can"t  help  jump- 
ing from  a  great  height.  Lightheaded- 
ness does  it. 


When  labor  is  true  to  itself  it  vl 
have  no  further  need  to  ask  favors  f 
its  "friends."  It  will  then  comma  1 
justice  for  itself. 

*  *      * 

Labor  does  not  ask  the  Governing 
to  better  its  conditions,  but  simply  ) 
give  it  a  chance  to  do  that  for  itself. 

*  *      * 

It  costs  .$2,000  a  year  to  clothe.  f<  1 
and    house    an    American    soldier,    j'lj 
twice  as  much  as  before  the  great  w| 
If  it  takes  that  amount  to  keep  a  sine 
man   fit  to   fight,    how   much   should 
required  to  feed,  clothe  and  shelter 
American   workman   so  that  he  may 
fit  to  work? 

*  *      * 
The  Construction  Committee  of  Pr-i 

ident    Harding's    unemployment    coni 
ence     revealed      some     high      financj 
charges    in    discussing    causes    for 
recent  building  depression. 

*  *      * 

The  boasted  drop  in  food  prices  fl- 
ing the  past  year  is  not  sustained  by 
Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics,    despite 
fact  that  farmers  have  been  ruhieci 
cause  of  low  prices. 

*  *      * 

Generally    speaking,    it   is    among 
newly  and  more  loosely   organized 
the   the   open   shop   has   made  any 
gress.     Another  reason  for  that  500. ( 

*  *      * 

The  railroads  are  eagerly  awaitini 
duction   of  miners'   wages   so  that 
can  force  down  the  earnings  of  their 
operations. 

*  *      * 
The  steel  mills  of  the  Calumet  reg 

of   Indiana   report   a   shortage   of  Is 
The  wages  paid  are  at  the  rate  of 
per  hour.      This,    perhaps,    explains 
shortage.       The    workers    would    rat 
starve   to   death    without    working 
they  would  starve  to  death  while  v 

ing. 

*  *      * 

The  serious  menace  created  by 
usurpation    of   authority   by   our   Eqi 
Courts,  State  and  Federal,  since  the 
labor  injunction  was  issued  in  18S8. 
only    be    overcome    by    the    adoption 
constitutional  amendments,  or  the  leg 
lative   regulation    of   the    powers   wl 
shall  exist  in  Equity  Courts. 


Tir 


C  A  R  PEVTE  £ 


If  the  average  trades  unionists  had 
iven  as  much  study  and  thought  to  the 
ljuiiction  question  as  the  average  em- 
loyer  does,  the  injunction  in  labor  dis- 
utes  would  have  died  a  richly  deserved 
eath  many  years  ago. 

*  *  * 

In  open  Senate  in  Washington,  where 
ewspaper  men  constantly  are  on  watch, 
enator  Thomas  Hefflin  made  the  sen- 
iiional  charge  that  a  debtor  bank  in  the 
©Jeral  Reserve  System  made  a  dummy 
ian  of  $3,000,000  to  a  director  of  the 
e\v  York  Federal  Reserve  Bank,  and 
mt  the  total  loans  to  this  man  amount- 
rl  to  $5,000,000,  yet  not  a  word  of  this 
as  published  in  the  press.     We  wonder 

hy? 

*  *      * 

The  man  who  really  believes  that  the 
don  is  no  good  because  it  has  not  been 
)le  to  present  wage  cuts  should  lose  no 
me  in  learning  that  if  there  were  no 
lions  he  would  have  had  his  wage  cut 
whole  lot  several  times. 

*  *      * 

devolutions  of  this  world  have  been 
•complished  not  by  majorities,  but  by 
iuorities.  The  minority  had  to  be  large 
lough  and  determined  enough  and  con- 
inced  enough  to  act. 

*  *      * 
Undertakers  report  that  it  costs  less  to 
e  now  than  to  live,  but  who  wants  to 
|ve  money  that  way. 

.  In  putting  on  the  great  "American 
[an"  somebody  figured  workers  all 
irong  in  the  greatest  effort  in  industrial 
[story  to  smash  the  unions  by  the  star- 
i  tion  route  it  resulted  in  cementing 
j.e  workers  in  stronger  bonds  than  ever 

fore.     It  was  a  beautiful  theory,   but 

failed  to  work. 

It  is  an  economic  error  that  the  price 
a  commodity  and  the  price  of  labor 
e  identical.  Whenever  and  wherever 
ir  wages  are  not  maintained,  lining 
uidards  of  the  workers  are  affected  ad- 
rsely,  the  home  and  family  suffer  and 
Siness  is  impaired. 

*  *      * 

A  fair  system  of  collective  bargaining 
'tween  business  organizations  and  labor 
^anizations  offers  the  best  solution  for 
lust  rial  problems.  Good  times  for  all 
ist  be  the  result  of  good  work  for  all. 

*  *       * 

Frederick  Delano,  former  President  of 
b  Wabash  Railroad  threw  a  bomb  shell 


into  the  United  States  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce Convention  recently  when  he  de- 
clared that  "such  a  thing  as  the  open 
shop  is  an  irredescent  di'eam."  And 
some  dreamers  are  due  for  a  rude  awak- 
ening. 

*  *     + 

Revelation  of  the  great  war  loot 
scandal  continue  day  by  day,  and,  what 
is  regarded  by  many  as  most  significant 
of  all,  no  person  in  authority  has  de- 
nied the  charges. 

*  *      * 

If  the  laws  to  protect  childhood  from 
the  greed  of  modern  ogres  are  really  un- 
constitutional, then  in  the  name  of  hu- 
manity it  is  time  for  the  people  of  this 
country  to  adopt  a  twentieth  amend- 
ment, one  that  will  1<  ive  no  room  for 
the  courts  to  render  decisions  in  favor 
of  the  exploiters  of  child  labor. 

*  *      * 

If  Congress  insisted  on  being  shown 
the  books  and  records  of  the  United  Mine 
Workers,  do  you  think  it  would  hesitate 
in  having  them  seized?  But  when  it 
comes  to  getting  a  statement  as  to  pro- 
duction costs  from  the  operators  the 
"Government's  hands  are  tied."  It  all 
depends  on  whose  ox  is  gored. 

*  *      * 

Henry  Ford  bought  the  Banner  Fork 
Mine  in  Kentucky.  He  pays  his  miners 
$3  more  on  the  day  than  any  other 
mines  in  that  district.  He  sells  his  coal 
for  50c  less  on  the  ton.  Question:  Is 
Henry  Ford  losing  money?  Operators 
will  kindly  refrain  from  answering. 

After  all  is  said  and  done,  it  is  the  pay 
rolls  of  the  country  that  form  the  found- 
ation of  the  business  of  the  country.  A 
condition  of  good  business  cannot  exist 
except  when  labor  is  fully  employed  at 
high  wages,  which  permits  labor  wages 
to  buy  freely  in  commodity  markets. 

*  ♦      # 

Wage  earners  are  consumers  as  well 
as  producers.  This  is  a  Arery  short  state- 
ment of  fact  that  any  employer  ought 
.  to  be  able  to  learn  without  taking  a  trip 
to  China  or  any  other  country  when 
wages  are  so  low  that  there  is  no 
business. 

*  *      * 

Wages  are  a  little  thing  the  workers 
sometimes  receive  at  the  end  of  week — 
so  that  they  can  do  it  again  the  follow- 
ing week.  Profit  is  the  amount  the  work- 
ers pay  their  masters  for  the  privilege  of 
earning  their  own  wages. 


The  New  Design 


OFFICIAL  PARADE  X  FUNERAL  BADGE 


Illustration  Is  fall  size 


5  S*  '.1  ■">.  4  4  ^  ii  5  '< 

.  ■  -a  - :-  -'; ;      .--.-■ 


■'■■-'>  %-i'A^A 


PRICES 

i  Badge  Si. 50 

6  Badges  or  more   1.35    each 

12          "  "  "  1,05    each 

25  "  '•  .go   each 

50         "  (i  li  .06    each 

100         "  "  '"  .94    each 

250         ,;  "  "■  .02   each 

All  metal  parts  are  Gold  plated, 
vsing  on  ribbon  in  Gold. 

:  f:     .       :.     :- 

embossed  on  ribbon. 


For  many  years  there  has  been  a 
tendency    toward    the    "too    much 
sameness"  in  parade   Badges  used 
by  too  manj"  organizations  and   in 
response     to     a     general     feeling     that 
our   Brotherhood  should  have  a  E 
designed  to  individually  and  emblemati- 
cally represent  our  craft,  a  smaller  de- 
sign of  Badge  than  one  previously  used 
is  shown  on  this  page. 

This  is  a  triple  Badge.  The  metal  parts 
may  be  quickly  detached  and  worn  sep- 
arately. It  may  be  worn  as  illustrated 
for  parade  purposes.  The  metal  parts 
may  be  reversed  to  back  side  of  ribbon, 
making  it  a  memorial  Badge.  The  rib- 
bon on  reverse  side  is  embossed  in  Silver 
finish. 

The  accompanying  design  has  been 
selected  'as  the  Official  Parade  and 
Funeral  Badge  of  the  Brotherhood  and 
one  which  our  membership  can  well  feel 
proud  to  wear.  The  metal  parts  are  all 
Gold  plated  and  the  colors  as  shown  are 
in  hard  enamel,  all  in  all  a  very  hand- 
some Badge  indeed.  And  we  may  say 
will  show  up  better  than  any  Badge 
made  for  similar  use  that  has  heretofore 
been  used  by  most  organizations. 

We  urge  Local  Unions  not  to  de 
action  on  the  purchase  of  a  quantit        j 
the  official  Badges,  due  to  the  fact  that 
time    is    limited,    especialh-    for    ti 
wanted  for  Labor  Day,  and  it  is  the  de- 
sire of  this  office  that  our  Unio:: 
prompt  service,  hence  urge  your  co-oper- 
ation in  placing  orders  early. 

Kindly  forward  remittance  with  or- 
der ::■ 

FRANK  DUFFY 

General  Sacrezary. 


THE     CARPEXTER 


37 


Trade  Notes 
L.  U.  No.   1384,   Sheridan,   Wyo.,   ad- 
rises   they    have   signed    up   for   a    new 
scale  of  wages   of  93 %c  an  hour  with 
the  Building  Contractors'  Association. 

*  *      * 

St.  Louis  union  carpenters  who  have 
ici'ii  idle  since  April  1st  because  of  the 
.vage  cut  from  $1.25  to  95c  an  hour  es- 
aUlished  by  the  Master  Builders'  Asso- 
•iatinn,     returned     to     work,     receiving 

?1.12y2c  an  hour. 

*** 

District  Council  of  Buffalo  and  vicin- 
ty  announces  that  conditions  in  Buffalo 
ire  very  good  and  all  our  men  working. 
Hie  City  Council  passed  a  motion  to  pay 
he  prevailing  rate  of  wages,  which  has 
»een  established  at  87  ^c  an  hour. 

*  *      * 

The  Chicago  Carpenters'  District 
'mincil,  acting  for  L.  U.  No.  643,  which 
as  jurisdiction  over  ship,  dock  and  pier, 
ii  fact  all  carpenter  work-  connected 
"ith  our  lakes  and  rivers;  has  signed  an 
greement  covering  all  this  marine  work 

t  the  rate  of  $1.05  per  hour. 

*  *      * 

We  have  just  learned  that  the  carpen- 
.crs  of  Elizabeth,  N.  J.,  have  received 
n  increase  of  10c  per  hour,  to  go  into 
fleet  immediately.  Former  wages  were 
1  per  hour,  present  wages  $1.10  per 
our. 


Foriegn   Trade  Notes 
Two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  mem- 
ers   of   the   British    Amalgamated    En- 
ineering  Union  are  locked  out. 

Better  labor  conditions  in  Italy  are  re- 
nted in  Government  commercial  re- 
»rts.  Present  estimates  of  unemployed 
•e  about  500,000,  about  50,000  below 
ie  figures  the  first  of  the  year. 

Official  announcement  was  made  that 
e  British  cotton  mill  operatives  have 
•cepted  an  immediate  wage  reduction 
'  three  shillings  and  three  pence  in  the 
»und  and  a  further  reduction  of  10 
mce  six  months  hence. 
*      *      * 

The  request  of  the  Chinese  Carpenters' 
uld,  that  the  minimum  daily  wage  of 
rpenters  be  increased  from  50c  to  $1 
'1  the  employers'  offer  of  an  advance 

15c,  have  been  submitted  to  arbitra- 
»u.      Pending   the   decision   of   the   ar- 

rators  the  carpenters  have  been  given 
temporary  increase  of  25  per  cent. 


Be  a  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More,  Yearly 

N  e  \v,   uncrowded 
field.   Architects  and 
general     contractors 
know  the   American 
Universal  and 
prefer  its  work. 
They  prefer  to 
sublet  the  floor 
surfacing,  as  it 
is    a    big    busi- 
ness   in    itself. 

We  furnish  of- 
fice forms,  ad- 
vertising, etc., 
in  fact,  we 
practically  set 
a  man  up  in 
business. 

y\  Business 
comes 
easily. 


Big   Building    Boom    is 
Here 

Building  has  started  all  over  the  coutnry.  There 
are  innumerable  opportunities  for  those  equipped  to 
handle  the  work  of  floor  surfacing.  The  American 
Universal  Machine  is  essential  to  hustlers.  Get  in  on 
the   ground   floor — get   the   machine  now. 

Re-Surface  Old  Floors 

With  the  American  Universal  Floor  Surfacing  Ma- 
chine, old  floors  can  be  made  like  new  and  new  floors 
made  perfect.  The  field  is  wide;  every  building  is  a 
prospect. 

Get  into  a  big  paying  business  of  your  own.  Floor 
surfacing  contractors  often  pay  for  machine  first 
month  and  make  a  good  profit   besides. 

WRITE  TODAY  for  full  informa- 
tion.    Act  NOW. 


Seize    this    opportunity    to    get    into    a    Business    of 
your   own.      Write   today    for    complete    literature. 

The  American  Floor  Surfacing 
Machine  Co. 

522  So.   St.    Clair  Street.  Toledo   Ohio. 


THE     CARPENTER 


Practically  all  metal  workers  in  Ba- 
varia are  idle  as  a  result  of  strikes  and 
lockouts  which  are  due  to  the  refusal  of 
laborers  to  accept  the  decision  of  an  Ar- 
bitration Board  in  favor  of  the  48-hour 
week  instead  of  46  hours  as  heretofore. 

The  labor  unions  in  Japan  are  said  to 
be  fighting  vigorously  to  hold  the  gains 
made  during  the  war. 


Industrial  Teachers'  Scholarships  In 
New  York 

The  University  of  the  State  of  New 
York  is  offering  twenty-five  scholarships 
to  qualified  trade  and  technically  trained 
persons  who  desire  to  prepare  them- 
selves for  teaching.  Persons  selected  to 
hold  these  scholarships  who  satisfac- 
torily complete  the  prescribed  one 
year  resident  industrial  teacher  training 
course  are  licensed  for  life  to  teach  their 
specific  occupations  in  the  vocational 
schools  of  the  state.  The  salaries  paid 
vocational  teachers  now  range  from 
$1,800  to  $3,500  per  annum. 

Each  holder  of  a  scholarship  will  re- 
ceive at  least  $1,000  for  the  period  of 
one  school  year.  This  amount  is  paid  in 
ten  equal  installments. 

Holders  will  be  required  to  be  in  at- 
tendance for  ten  months  in  the  Indus- 
trial Teacher  Training  Department  of  the 
State  Normal  School  at  Buffalo. 

Applicants  for  appointment  to  the  in- 
dustrial teachers'  scholarship  must  pos- 
sess the  following  qualifications : 

1.  Trade,  industrial  or  technical  ex- 
perience. At  least  five  years  of  success- 
ful all-round  experience  in  work  of  not 
less  than  journeymen's  grade  in  some 
trade,  industrial  or  technical  occupation. 

2.  Education.  A  good  general  educa- 
tion and  ability  to  speak,  read  and  write 
the  English  language. 

3.  Age.  Not  less  than  twenty-one 
or  more  than  thirty-six  years  of  age  on 
August  1st  of  the  year  in  which  the 
appointment  is  made. 

4.  Citizenship  and  residence.  A  citi- 
zen of  the  United  States  and  a  resident 
for  one  year  of  the  State  of  New  York. 

5.  Health  and  character.  Of  good 
moral  character  and  in  possession  of 
good  health. 

On  the  basis  of  the  qualifications  of 
the  candidates  a  merit  list  will  be  set  up 
for  each  trade,  industrial  or  technical 
occupation.  There  will  be  no  formal  ex- 
amination but  candidates  will  be  rated 
by  examining  committees  as  to  general 


education,  practical  experience,  loyalty, 
moral  character  and  physical  fitness. 
Candidates  may  be  required  to  appear 
before  the  examining  committees  for  u 
personal  interview. 

The  twenty-five  scholarships  will  be 
awarded  to  qualified  persons  with  all- 
round  experience  in  the  following  occu- 
pations : 

Electrical  construction,  repairing  and 
operating. 

Machine  shop  work. 

Automobile  repairing. 

Machine  drafting  and  designing. 

Architectural   drafting  and  designing. 

Baking. 

Printing,  including  pressword  and 
composition. 

Bricklaying. 

Painting  and  decorating. 

Carpentry. 

Textile  working,  including  weaving, 
spinning,  knitting  and  dyeing. 

Detailed  information  and  blanks  upon 
which  application  for  scholarships  may 
be  made  should  be  secured  very  prompt- 
ly. The  Director  of  Vocational  and  Ex- 
tension Education,  State  Department  of 
Education,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  will  furnish 
this  material  and  information  upon  re- 
quest. 


A  Voice  From  the  Ranks 

Wake  up  !    Oh,  ye  men  that  labor  ! 

Ye  fools  at  the  furnace  and  forge, 
Toiling  and  sweating,  yea,  dying, 

That  your  masters  may  revel  and  gorge. 

Wake  up,  and  shake  off  your  stupor, 
Come  out  of  your  trance  and  fight, 

Are  you  slaves  to  be  cowed  forever 
Under  a  dollar's  might? 

Get  out  in  the  open  and  fight  them, 

You've  got  nothing  to  lose  but  your  chains, 

If  it  comes  to  a  real  test  of  power 

You  can  beat  them  by  using  your  brains. 

They've  got  laws  and  writs  and  injunctions, 
And  dollars  to  back  up  their  power  ; 

But  you've  got  the  one  thing  they're  after 
To  sell  them  at  so  much  per  hour. 

They  don't  buy  it  now — they  just  take  it, 
And  throw  you  a  stipend  or  two, 

And  like  beggars  scrambling  for  pennies 
You  grab  at  the  pittance  they  throw. 

Ye  folks  !     Can't  you  see  your  folly? 

The  price  might  be  yours  to  say  ! 
Wake  up  !     Get  your  dull  brains  working, 

Demand  for  your  labor  full  pay  ! 

Join  your  brother — get  into  your  union, 

Stand  by  him  loyal  and  true, 
He's  fighting  your  battles  unaided, 

Wake  up,  man,  and  fight  with  him,  too ! 

Be  a  volunteer  soldier  of  labor, 

Don't  wait  till  they  draft  you  to  come  ! 

Get  into  the  ranks  with  your  brother, 
And  the  battle  is  bound  to  be  won. 

— Selected. 


WEAR  The  UNIQUE  And  HANDY 

Reversible 
Brotherhood  Fob 


w 

N 
i— i 
xn 

H 
O 

< 
X 

w 

CO 

o 

H 
< 

H 
in 

-1 


A  most  convenient,  and  ar- 
tistic fob.  Shows  Union  Label 
on  one  side  and  Emblem  on  the 
other,  both  beautifully  enam- 
eled in  correct  colors. 

Advertise  Our  Label 


Made  in  rich  art  grey  finish 
— the  latest  and  most  sought 
after  novelty  in  men's  wear. 


The  price 
is  but 


cents 
each 


In  accordance  with 
the  action  of  our 
last  General  Conven- 
tion to  more  exten- 
sively advertise  our 
Union  Label  this 
beautiful     fob     is 

brought  out  to  be  sold  at  a  popular  price,  thereby  enabling  us 

to  make  a  widespread  distribution. 


Send  all  orders  with  remittance  to 


Carpenters'  Building,  222  E.  Michigan  St., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 


40 


THE     CARPEXTER 


The  Golden  Rule" 

Some  3.400  years  ago.  when  the 
Hindu  kingdoms  along  the  Ganges  River 
were  listed  among  the  great  powers, 
there  was  set  up  as  this  precept  among 
them:  "The  true  rule  of  business  is  to 
guard  and  do  by  the  things  of  others  as 
they  do  by  their  own." 

Then  some  2. 800  years  later,  but  still 
600  years  before  Christ  and  150  before 
Plato,  that  superwise  Chinaman,  Lao 
Tzu,  wrote  from  the  walled  isolation  of 
his  great  and  learned  fatherland:  ''Re- 
quite injury  with  kindness.  To  the  not 
good  I  would  be  good  in  order  to  make 
them  good." 

Two  Greeks  in  1070  B.  C.  came  yet 
nearer  the  wording  with  which  we  are 
familiar  in:  "Do  not  that  to  thy  neighbor 
which  thee  would  take  ill  from  him." 

The  books  and  scrolls  of  the  Hebraic 
law  taught  this  truth.  It  is  a  time-worn 
parchment,  believed  to  have  been  first 
inscribed  2,500  years  ago,  and  is  to  be 
read:  "Whatsoever  you  do  not  wish 
your  neighbor  to  do  to  you  do  not  that  to 
him."  and  added  to  it  for  emphasis, 
"This  is  the  whole  law.  The  rest  is  mere 
exposition  of  it." 

Confucius  may  not  have  known  he 
was  not  original  when  he  wrote:  "What 
you  would  not  wish  done  to  yourself,  do 
not  unto  others." 

At  the  first  Buddhistic  council,  held  at 
Rajahrdiga  in  477  B.  C.  the  scribes  ad- 
vised: "One  should  seek  for  others  the 
happiness  one  desires  for  himself." 

A  century  and  a  half  before  Christ, 
the  law  of  Rome  once  more  repeated  the 
theme:  "The  law  imprinted  on  the 
hearts  of  all  men  is  to  love  the  mem- 
bers of  society  as  themselves." 

In  the  law  of  Moses  it  runs :  "Thou 
shalt  love  thy  neighbor  as  thyself." 
And  Christ  later  declared  this  "the  law 
and  the  prophets." 

When  Alexander  of  Maeedon  marched 
into  Persia  in  334,  B.  C,  he  found  there 
before  him  the  most  usual  of  all  these 
closely  paralleled  formulae  in  the  Zo- 
roastian  precept:  "Do  as  you  would  be 
done  by."  Mohammed  put  it  in  his 
koran  as,  "Let  none  of  you  treat  his 
brother  in  a  way  he  himself  would  dis- 
like to  be  treated." — New  York  Times. 


nient  of  a  country.  For  the  United 
States  the  average  number  of  calls  made 
during  1920  per  person  was  172.  Of  all 
the  European  countries.  Denmark  comes 
first  with  120  talks  per  person.  For 
Germany  the  number  is  53.  for  Switzer- 
land 30,  for  Great  Britain  19,  for  France 
13.  and  for  Belgium  10.  It  is  interesting 
and  significant  that  in  Denmark  about 
95  per  cent  of  all  the  telephones  are  now 
operated  under  private"  ownership,  while 
in  the  other  European  countries  men- 
tioned the  service  is  operated  by  the 
Government. 

-■ — $ 

Convention  Call,  Trades  and  Labor 
Congress  of  Canada 

The  Thirty-eighth  Annual  Convention 
of  the  Trades  and  Labor  Congress 
Canada  will  he  held  in  L?Assistanc» 
Publique  Hall,  corner  of  Berri  and  La- 
gauchetiere  Sts.,  City  of  Montreal.  P.  Q. 
beginning  at  10 :00  A.  M.  Monday 
August  21st.  and  continuing  in  session 
from  day  to  day,  until  the  business  oJ| 
the  Convention  has  been  complete  1. 

Representation  at  the  Convention  wil 
be  on  the  same  basis  as  heretofore 
Place  Tiger  Hotel  will  be  the  head 
quarters. 


Americans  Greatest  Users  of  Telephone 
The  extent  to  which  the  people  use  the 
telephone,  as  measured  by  the  number  of 
calls  per  person  during  the  year,  is  a  re- 
liable  index   of   the   telephone    develop- 


The  Old  Manager  Speaks 
I've   handled    a    pick    and    a    shovel, 

I've  sat  at  a  bench  in  my  time. 
I've  done  heavy  work  in  the  heat  and  t'je  nm 

I've  known  all  the  sweat  and  the  grime ; 
And  so,  when  some  frosty-eyed  expert 

Talks  "Labor"  as  if  it  were  coal, 
"A  commodity" — well,  I  just  choke  for  a 

Before    I    regain   my    control. 

Plague  take  all  this  dope  economic 

That  puts  human  toil  in  its  charts  : 
I  tell  you  that  "Labor's''  your  friends  and  yo 
neighbors. 

It's  folks   that  have  bodies  and  hearts ; 
It's    fathers    and   brothers    and   husbands 

With  mothers  and  sweethearts  and  wives. 
Who  love  and   who   hate   and   who  dream  an 
who  wait. 

It's    real    people    living    their    lives. 

Now   maybe   I'm   moss-backed  and   rusty. 

But   here's  how  it  lines  up  to  me ; 
Statistics  will  aid  the  plans  you  have  made, 

They're  useful   to   quite  a   degree, 
But  all   of  your  lore   scientific 

Will  fall  down  again  and  again, 
Unless  in  your  brain  this  one  fact  you  retar 

That   "Labor"   means   flesh-and-blood  men. 

In  brief,   it's  a   problem  that's  human, 

No   soulless    "commodity"    stuff, 
And  the  very  best  plan  I  have  happened  to  sea 

Is  just  to  be  human  enough ; 
And  when   it  is   finally  settled 

1 1  fear  I  won't   re  here  by  then) 
It  won't  be  by  art  of  a  book  or  a  chart, 

But  bv  mendealing  fairly  with  men. 

— Barton  Bradlev.  in  Forlie?  Magazine  [». 
— =— • 

Benjamin  Franklin   said:    "God  heir 

those  that  help  themselves."     Wise  hu; 

ing  is  first-aid  to  W.  S.  S. 


Craft  ProblQms 


HOW  TO  FRAME  A  ROOF  OF   EQUAL  PITCH 

(By 'Richard  M.  Van  Gaasbeek,  School  of  Science  and  Technology,  Pratt  Institute, 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y.) 
(From  "A  Practical  Course  in  Roof  Framing,"  Published  By  F.  J.  Drake  &   Co., 

Chicago,  III.) 
(Concluded) 


To  Lay  Out  the  Valley  Rafter. — The 
length  of  the  valley  rafter  is  determined 
in  the  same  manner  as  the  preceding  hip 
rafter,  except  that  the  return  on  the 
facia  line  has  the  reverse  cut  and  the 
birdsmouth  differs.  Take  the  run  from 
the  layout,   Fig.    1,  measuring  from  the 


7% 


of   the    valley    10- 


in.,    and    produce 


12 


plumb  line  "T,"  the  extreme  length  of 
the  rafter  forming  the  butt  joint  against 
the  3iip  rafter. 

To   complete  the  layout  of  the  lower 


7 — Developed  length  of  the  valley  rafter. 


return  on  the  facia  line  to  the  butt  joint 
against  the  hip  rafter  "P-T,"  Fig.  1,  or 

7% 
10 in. 

12 

Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the  top 
edge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  and  pro- 
duce the  facia  line  or  first  plumb  line  to 
the  extreme  right,  "A,"  Fig.  7.  Slide 
the  fence  to  the  left  and  measure  on  a 
evel  line  from  facia  line  "A,"   the  run 


end  of  the  valley,  measure  in  on  a  level 
line,  the  diagonal  distance  of  the  projec- 

1% 
tion    1%    in.    and    1%    in.    or    2 in. 

12 
from  facia  line  "A,"  on  the  side  of  the 
rafter,  locating  wall  line  "B,"  Fig.  7. 
The  valley  rafter  crosses  the  plate  at  the 
ell  of  the  building.  To  avoid  the  need 
for  notching  the  valley  to  make  a  fit 
into  the  corner  of  the  ell,  the  wall  liue 


42 


THE     CARPENTER 


is  moved  out,  or  plumb  line  "BM  is  ad- 
vanced to  plumb  line  "N,"  Fig.  7,  a 
distance  equal  to  one-half  the  thickness 

of  the  stock  used  for  the  valley  ss  in. 
This  will  leave  a  hole  ar  rhe  corner  of 
the  building,  which  is  covered  over  with 


8 — Enlarged  section  through  -"S-S,"' 
Fig.  1.  shoving  the  intersection  of  the 
hip  and  valley  rafter  and  the  ridge. 

the   plancher   ceiling.      To   complete   the 
birdsmouth  measure  down  on  facia  line 


ell  of  the  building,  measure  forward 
a  level  line  from  facia  line  "A."  a  d 
tanee  equal  to  one-half  the  thickness 
the  stock  used  for  the  valley,  and  pi 
duce  plumb  line  "1." 

Square  plumb  line  "V  across  the  t 
edge  of  the  rafter.  Also  square  fa< 
line  "A"'  across  the  top  edge  and  loca 
the  center  point.  Connect  plumb  li 
"1"  on  either  side  of  the  rafter  with  t 
facia  line  at  the  center  as  shown  at  "'2 
top  view.  Fig.  7.  This  top  cut  can  al 
be  laid  out  with  the  steel  square  by  usii 
9%  in.  (bridge  measure  of  the  run, 
in.  and  the  rise  9  in.)  on  the  blade  ai 
8%-  in.  on  the  tongue.  Mark  on  tl 
blade  for  the  top  cut.  For  convenien 
use  one-half  the  run.  8%,  and  one-bf 
the  rise.  ±±2,  giving  the  bridge  measu 
9%  in.  Cut  on  plumb  line  "1,"  on  be 
els  "2"  for  the  facia  line,  on  lines  "' 
and  "H"  for  the  birdsmouth  and  on  In 
"T"  for  the  butt  joint  against  the  h 
rafter.  The  top  edge  of  the  valley 
left  square  as  the  corners  are  in  not  tl 
way  for  the  roof  boards.  The  cent 
bine  being  in  alinement  with  the  ti 
edge  of  the  common  and  jack  raftei 
1  See  end  view.  Fig.  7  1 . 


9 — Elevation  of  hip  roof  of  equal  pitch  showing  method  of  framing  the  rafters. 


"A,"  from  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter, 
%  in.,  the  width  of  the  facia,  and  pro- 
duce plancher  level  "Y."  Measure  up 
from  plancher  level  "F,"'  on  a  plumb  line, 
1%  in.,  locating  plate  level  "G."  To 
make  the  return  on  the  facia  line  at  the 


To  Lay  Out  the  Ridges. — The  run  < 
the  ridges  is  taken  from  the  layout.  Fi; 
1,  both  ridges  being  the  same  lengtl 
Measure  the  extreme  length  from  the  en 
of  the  gable  to  the  intersection  of  th 
center  lines  of  the  ridge,  hip  and  valle 


THE     CARPENTER 


43 


ifters,  or  12%  in.  From  "T-S,"  Fig.  1, 
lis  length  deduct  one-half  the  thickness 
If  the  hip  measured  on  the  line  of  the 
dge  or  one-half  the  diagonal  thickness 
f  the  hip,  "T-W,"  Fig.  8.  Square  a  line 
3ross  the  top  edge  of  the  ridge  at  this 
Dipt  and  locate  the  center.  Through 
ris  center  point  lay  out  a  true  miter 
■  angle  of  45  degrees.  Cut  on  this  bevel 
l  the  top  edge,  square  across  the  side 
!  the  ridge. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
Iters  as  shown  in  the  elevation,  Fig. 
Set  up  and  fasten  the  hip  and  valley 
fters  first.  The  center  line  of  both  raf- 
rs  must  intersect  at  the  apex.  Set  up 
e  ridges  next,  securing  them  in  place 


intersection  of  the  hip  and  valley  rafters. 
The  roof  boards  continue  these  lines  up, 
so  that  when  the  roof  is  completed  all 
roof  surfaces  are  in  alinement.  The 
exact  location  of  the  ridges  where  they 
intersect  the  hip  and  valley  rafters  may 
be  determined  by  their  location  with  ref- 
erence to  the  butt  joint  of  the  hip  and 
valley  rafter.  Draw  in  a  section  of  the 
hip,  valley  and  ridge,  full  size,  on  the 
layout,  Fig.  1,  as  shown  in  the  section, 
Fig.  8.  Square  a  line  across  at  right 
angles  to  the  center  line  of  the  hip  and 
valley  rafters  as  at  "R,"  Fig.  8,  thus 
establishing  the  butt  joint  between  the 
two  rafters.  The  distance  *'R-S"  gives 
the  distance  between  the  butt  joint  and 


— Graphic  method  of  developing  the  lengths  and  bevels   of  the  various   rafters 
used  in  framing  an  equal  pitch  roof. 


the  proper  heights  with  a  pair  of  com- 
m  rafters.  The  ridge  is  dropped  out 
its  normal  position  to  prevent  the  need 
'  backing  it,  and  thus  throws  the  top 
Efe  out  of  alinement  with  the  top  edge 

ihc  hip  and  valley  rafters.  Both 
ges  are  on  the  same  level,  but  the 
tance  "W,"  Fig.  1,  lower  than  the 
'x  of  the  roof.  If  the  ridges  were 
:ked  to  the  pitch  of  the  roof  an  d  the 
es  of  the  common  and  jack  rafters 
re  continued  to  the  extreme  point,  all 
JS  would  terminate  in  alinement  with 

extreme   high   point   formed   by    the 


the  long  point  of  the  bevel  of  the  ridge 
on  the  side  of  the  rafter. 

Development  of  the  Rafters  On  the 
Plan. — Fig.  10  will  serve  to  illustrate 
and  prove  the  lengths  and  bevels,  in  a 
graphic  way  how  they  are  obtained. 

A  to  B  is  the  rise  of  the  common 
rafter. 

C  to  A  is  the  run  of  the  common 
rafter. 

C  to  B  is  the  run  of  the  common 
rafter. 

C  to  D  is  the  developed  length  of  the 
common  rafter. 


44 


THE     CARPEMI 


E   to  A  is   the  rise   of  the  hip   and 

A  to  P  is  the  run  of  the  hip  and  valley 
rafters. 

E  to  P  is  the  length  of  the  hip  and 
valley  rafters. 

F  to  D  is  the  developed  length  of  the 
hip  and  valley  rafters. 

.G  to  H  i<?  the  developed  length  of  jack 
rafters.  Nos.  1,  2  and  3. 

Angle  J  is  the  level  cat  for  all  com- 
mon and  jack  rafters. 

Angle  N  is  the  level  eat  for  the  hip 
and  valley  rafters. 

Angle  K  is  the  plumb  cut  for  all  com- 
mon and  jack  rafters. 

Angle  M  is  the  plumb  cut  for  the  hip 
and  valley  rafters. 

Angle  I  is  the  top  cut  for  the  jaek 
rafters. 

Suns  and  Lengths  of  Rafters. — The 
following  table  is  prepared  to  assist  the 
student  in  checking  up  his  work.  It  is 
intended  that  the  framer  will  take  his 
runs  from  the  layout  and  develop  the 
lengths  with  the  steel  square  and  fence, 
using  the  tables  only  as  a  matter  of  in- 
formation, giving  him  the  assurance  that 
he  has  taken  the  proper  runs  and  de- 
termine the  proper  lengths  of  the  rafters, 


the  measurements  listed  in  the  table  are 
the  extreme  lengths  on  the  center  lines. 
Make  allowances  where  rafter?  intersect 
a  ridge,  hip  or  valley  rafter  for  the  cut- 
ting length.  It  is  suggested  that 
reader  frame  a  model  of  the  roof 
practice,  building  it  to  the  same  scale 
as  the  layout,  1  in.  to  the  foot.  In 
using  the  table  to  cheek  the  model  read 
feet  as  inches,  for  example,  hip  "A."  the 

run  would  read  10 in.  and  the  length 

12 

% 

12 —  in.     The  square  being  laid  out  in 

12 
twelfths  of  an  inch,  it  is  an  easy  mat- 
ter to  check  the  work  up  accurately. 

Figure  to  use  on  the  steel  square: 
Common  and  jaek  rafters  9  in.  on  the 
tongue  and  12  in.  on  the  blade.  Mark 
on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade 
for  level  cuts.  Top  cut  for  jack  rafters. 
12  in.  on  tongue  and  15  in.  on  blade. 
-Mark  on  the  blade  for  top  cut.  Hip  and 
valley  rafter,  9  in.  on  tongue  and  17  in. 
on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  plumb 
cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts.  Top 
cut  for  hip  and  valley.  8%  in.  on  tongue 
and  9  %  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  the  blade 
for  top  cut, 


RUNS   AND   LENGTHS   OF   RAFTERS   USED   IN   FRAMING   ROOF 
OF   EQUAL   PITCH 


N : .    -.t 

Quantity    :c 

Rar:-r 

~D  -.--;.■*■  ^ 

Runs 

L-r-r.  ittLs 

Kind  of  Rat:  -:  - 

1 

2'   0" 

2'   6" 

Jack  Rafters 

2 

4*   0" 

3"   D" 

Jack  Rafters 

u 

1   t  air 

6'  0" 

i          U 

Jack  Rafters 

-1 

•"■  o 

7*  6" 

g  • 

Common  Rafters 

■J 

1  pair 

6'  6" 

8'  1-    " 

Jack  Rafters 

fj 

1  t»air 

4'  6" 

.-■  :---■■ 

Jack  Rafters 

- 

1  pair 

2'  6" 

3'  1  - 

Jack  Rafters 

A 

1 

10'  7%" 

12'     •:-.■■ 

Hip  Baft 

B 

1 

"-_■ 

12'   0%" 

Talley  Raft-. - 

C 

2 

::■■  >:r 

Ridge 

Cantilever  Roofs 


i  By  Owe-  I 

The  general  adoption  and  utility  of 
roofs  of  cantilever  form  makes  us  real- 
ize that  there  are  many  new  schemes  of 
construction   which   are  out  of  the  or- 


Fig. 


.'an:  H:  :■>. 


dinary  and  which,  when  possible,  should 
be  understood. 


Maginnis. ) 

The  technical  term  which  heads  this 
article,  is  derived  from  the  word  '"can't" 
-riz:  "To  tilt  up  to  bevel — an  inclination 
from  a  perpendicular  or  horizontal  line. 
To  throw  over" — from  which  we  have 
— eant-hook,  an  instrument  or  tool.  Fig- 
1,  used  by  lumbermen,  carpenters  and 
other  mechanics,  for  turning  over  or 
"canting"  logs,  heavy  timbers,  such  as 
poles,  girders,  etc.,  which  cannot  well  be 
turned  with  the  hands  and  body. 
Thence  the  term  "cantilever" — which  i 
defined    mechanically    as — "one    of   two 


THE     CARPENTER 


45 


long  arms,  projecting  from,  or  towards 
opposite  banks,  piers  or  columns  used 
In  bridge  building  and  roofs." 

In  the  application  of  this  principle  in 
carpentry,  readers  will  observe  in  Fig.  2 
11  good  example  of  a  class  built  for  a 
bath  house  or  bathing  pavilion  at  a  sea- 
side resort,  which  is  worthy  of  study  or 
reproduction.  Put  together  of  planed 
timbers  sawn  and  all  spiked  together 
:o  the  dimensions  given  in' the  cross  sec- 
Ion  here  illustrated,  this  example  shows 
the  "cantilever"  on  the  top,  at  left, 
inhere  it  overhangs  and  forms  a  hood 
)r   protection    :    ade   from    the    sun    and 


.veathcr, 


v.'ould     inconvenience 


"Full  Length  Roof  Framer" 

Is  a  book  to  save  the  time  and  brains  of  the  ex- 
perts and  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  un- 
experienced. 

It  is  a  book  containing  230,400  different  sized  and 
pitched  roofs.  Each  roof  is  worked  out  complete,  with 
the  length  of  every  rafter  In  feet  and  inches  and  their 
bevels  lor   tho  steel  square. 

If  your  roof  Is  pitched  It  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
what  size  or  pitch. 

You  can  call  off  the  lengths  and  bevels  for  erery 
rafter,  for  any  pitched  roof  as  fast  as  the  size  of 
building  is  given. 

Experience   or  study  unnecessary. 

We  will  prove  these  remarkable  statements  to  any 
ambitious   carpenter. 

Send  no  money  until  you  receive  the  book.  If  at 
any  time  you  wish  to  return  book,  your  money  will  be 
returned  immediately. 

Three  years  advertising  in  this  maga/.ine  without  a 
single  complaint   is   our  recommendation.      Price  $1.25. 

A.  Riechers,  Publisher 

Palo  Alto,  California 


these    seated    t  ;•    dancing    on    the    upper 


Fig.  2 — Transverse  Section  of  Pavilion  Showing  End  Framin 


ory,  which  was  a  clear  area  of  floor, 
e  first  floor  being  entirely  occupied  as 
.thing  houses,  seen  in  the  first  story 
an,  Fig.  3.  These  rooms  being  intend- 
for  ladies,  the  men's  being  built  ad- 
cent  to  the  pavilion  along  the  shore. 


The  framing  walls  of  a  modified  bal- 
loon type  rests  on  rubble  stone  and  con- 
crete piers  2x2  ft.  and  5  ft.  high.  The 
main  sills  are  of  6x0  in.  spruce,  set  on 
and  ship-lapped  in  the  longitudinal 
joints  edge,  the  corners  being  halved  and 


THE     CARPENTER 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

A  REAL   LEVEL  AND   PLUMB 
ioofc  Adjustable.  No  Holes  to  Cut 

Designed  es- 
pecially for  the 
Convenience  of 
Progressive  Me- 
chanics. 
The  U.  E.  A. 
for  Leveling. 
Plumbing, 
Grades  and 
Pilches.  A  n 
all  around 
Level  and 
Plumb,  to  be 
applied  to  any 
Length  Straight 
Edge.  All 
Steel  Base  Fin- 
ished. Strict- 
ly Rust  Proof. 
Thousands  of 
satisfied  users. 
A  Eeal  TooL 
Have  your 
Hardware  Deal- 
er supply  you, 
if  he  cannot,  W 
send  us  his 
name  and  your 
money  order 
and     we     will 

(Pocket   Size— 
SJsi   inches) 

Price  $1.25 
THE   UNION   LEVEL  M'F'G   CO. 

179    V,'.    Ulth    Street  Chicago. 


all  thoroughly  spiked.  The  first  floor 
beams  are  3x8  spruce,  set  on  edge, 
spaced  24  in.  on  centers  and  thoroughly 
spiked  ro  sills  and  girders.  The  main 
posts  are  of  6x6  spruce,  framed  in  the 


Fk 


i'l-l'J  L-l-M-l-l-l". 

16       17        IS  '.9       2C      21      22    [23     2* 

.     27      28      2S  30      31      32     33      3*     35 

I  38  139  I  40  I  I  41  I  42     *3  \  44 


-Main   Floor  Plan   of  a  Bathing 
Pavilion. 


following  manner:  At  the  sill  the  foot 
of  the  post  is  halved  out  so  a.  co  rest 
4  in.  on  the  sill  and  strongly  bolted  to 
it  irh  %  in.  wrought  iron  bolts  with 
_ers,  as  indicated  in  the  transverse 
:ion,  Fig.  2.  They  are  gained  out  for 
the  stringpieees  which  support  the  sec- 
ond floor  beams  so  as  to  admit  half  the 
thickness  of  the  timber.  The  string- 
pieees  are  4x10  spruce  let  into  the  inside 
face  of  the  posts,  as  indicated  in  the 
figures.      These  occur  at  the  front  and 


rear  and  are  bolted  to  each  post  with 
two  %  in.  bolts,  as  shown.  The  second 
floor  beams  are  3x12  spruce,  spaced  16 
in.  on  centers  and  strongly  nailed  to  the 
stringpieees  with  tenpenny  nails.  Sup- 
porting the  center  of  the  second  story 
floor  beams  is  a  longitudinal  center  beam 
measuring  4x8  and  carried  on  uprights 
measuring  4x6  in.  The  joints  of  the 
beams  are  halved  together,  each  joint 
resting  on  an  upright.      Similar  upright 


Fig.  4 — Framing  of  the  Side  TValls  of  a 

Bathing  Pavilion  With  a 

Cantilever  Pcoof. 

posts  of  4x4  in.  spruce  spaced  5  ft.  be- 
tween centers  are  placed  to  support  the 
stringpieees  on  the  outside  walls.  The 
wall  plates  are  6x8  spruce,  halved  to- 
gether on  top  of  the  posts  and  at  the 
corners.  The  system  of  bracing  em- 
ployed is  clearly  shown. 

The  roof  trusses  are  framed  as  shown 
and  carry  2x4  in.  spruce  purlins  spaced 
24  in.  on  centers  and  nailed  in  position. 
The  purlins  project  over  the  gable  ends 
2  ft.,  which  will  be  noticed  in  the  rear 
elevation,  Fig.  4,  which  gives  clearly  the 
method  of  framing  and  setting  the  posts, 
braces  and  other  construction  timbers. 
Readers  must  compare  these  two  sec- 
tions and  rear  plans,  in  order  to  fully 
comprehend  how  the  whole  structure  is 
put  together.  In  fact,  this  is  a  man- 
datory and  invariable  rule  with  all 
plants,  etc.  In  every  case  plans,  ele- 
vations   and    sections    must    be    studied 


THE     CARPENTER 


47 


and  understood  before  any  house,  even 
the  smallest,  can  be  methodically  pro- 
ceeded with,  so  that  our  well  versed 
craftsmen  will  no  doubt  readily  under- 
stand how  this  was  done  successfully. 

At.  Fig.  5  we  note  another  form  of 
cantilever  construction  which  is  simple 
to  frame  and  raise.     This  house  rests  on 


ilar  material  mortised  and  tenoned  on 
the  top  ends  of  the  posts  and  fully 
braced  lengthways  and  across.  The 
sides  are  covered  with  tongued  and 
grooved  1%  boards  cut  and  fitted  in 
tight  between  the  posts  to  make  the 
whole  construction  stiff  and  rigid  with 
the  head  joints  well  staggered.     Roof  ic 


-g^rggss-ei. 


Transverse  Section  of  Motor  Boat  House. 


round  S  in.  spruce  piles  driven  to  a  solid 
bearing  in  the  river's  bed  and  then  sawn 
off  well  above  high  water.  The  main 
corner  and  intervening  posts  are  of 
spruce  cut  to  length  and  set  in  the  man- 
ner indicated  in  the  transverse  section, 
Fig.  5,  of  a  structure  for  housing  and 
operating  motor  boats  and  yachts,  where 
floor  beams  connect  with  the  posts,  they 
are  solidly  bolted  together.  The  two 
tiers  of  floor  beams  are  framed  and  over- 
lapped where  the  lengths  are  not  long 
enough  to  reach  across  the  building. 
The  longitudinal  side  girders,  as  well  as 
the  end  girders  at  the  second  story  are 
4x6  in.  timbers,  notched  iy2  in.  into 
the  posts  and  well  bolted  to  the  same 
with  %  in.  bolts  and  washers.  The 
wall  plates  or  upper  girders  are  of  sim- 


covered  with  1  in.  matched  boai'ds  laid 
diagonally  and  topped  with  three  ply 
tar  paper.  Boathouse  floor  is  of  3  in. 
deck  plank  calked  and  tarred. 


A  Flour  Bin  That  Will  Work  Without 
Hinges 

In  answer  to  O.  J.  E.  of  Denver,  Colo., 
asking  for  a  flour  bin  that  will  work 
without  hinges.  I  am  enclosing  a 
sketch  of  a  flour  bin  that  will  work 
without  any  "hinges,  and  will  stay  open 
when  either  empty  or  filled.  I  use  5-4 
material  for  the  front  and  rabbet  all  four 
edges,  the  top  %  in.  so  as  to  leave  a  lip 
to  close  tight  at  top,  on  sides  and  bot- 
tom. I  rabbet  for  side  and  bottom  of 
bin  and  also  deep  enough  to  leave  a  lip 
or  flange  *4  in.  or  %  in.  use  %  in.  or  % 


48 


THE    CARPENTER 


in.  material  for  sides,  back  and  bottom,      at  will.     The  front  may  be  panelec land 
and  by  letting  the  back  project  an  inch      it  can  be  made  as  deep  as  one  likes  if 


J         Any  HeighT  or  Width 


above  the  sides  it  will  answer  as  a  stop 
to  hold  bin  when  open.  This  bin  prop- 
erly filled  will  always  work  free  and 
easy  and  may  be  taken  out  and  emptied 

Different  Methods  of  Framing  a 
Common  Roof 

(By  Geo.  P.  Raffe,  L.  U.  No.  101, 
Baltimore,  Md.) 

The  first  and  most  practical   method 
is  by   applying  the   steel  square,   many 


the  bottom  is  proportioned  right. 
ways  glue  my  joints. 


I  al 


A.   BEND,   Bend,  Oregon 


-S3gEBs-6> 


The  Third  By  Using  a  Protractor 
and  Bevel. 


so-called  carpenters  do  not  know  this 
one  simple  use  of  the  square.  See  illus- 
tration, y8  in.  scale. 


The  Second  By  Applying  An 
Ordinary  Rule. 


Another  Way  Is  With  the  Starret 
Combination  Square. 

9 

Office  Furniture 

(By  John  Upton.) 

Office  furniture  might  mean  anythin 
from  a  table  to  a  filing  cabinet.  It  ma 
be  of  interest  to  some  of  our  readers  t 
present  a  few  ideas  along  this  line. 

A  regular  filing  cabinet  with  drawei; 


Our   Last   General   Convention 

recommended    that    we 

Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising  of  the  Union  Label  of 
the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
be  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
and  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
that  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 

PLAYING  CARDS 


(Illustration  below) 


We  want  to  get  the 
advertising  of  our 
Label  in  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  homes, 
as  well  as  clubs,  etc. 
It  is  an  indisputable 
fact  that  a  depend- 
able grade  of  play- 
ing cards  with  "ad" 
an  back,  carries  the 
message  of  PUB- 
LICITY —  not  for  a 
lay — but  IMPRES- 
SIVELY and  for  in- 
lefinite  period. 
With  our  four  hun- 
Ired  thousand  mem- 
bers to  use  and  dis- 
ribute  the  adver- 
Isement  that  these 
•ards  carry,  wonder- 
'ul  results  will  be 
ichieved. 

ifou  won't  have  to 
ipologize  for  the 
[uality  of  the  Broth- 
erhood playing 
ards. 


"  V3IH3WV10  SH3NI0P  QHV 


The  cards  will  bo 
furnished  in  either 
"(or  both)  regular 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  are 
urged  to  carry  a 
supply  of  cards  on 
hand  to  meet  de- 
mands at  all  times. 

We  hope  our  entire 
membership  will  in- 
terest themselves  in 
seeing  that  their 
friends  use  Brother- 
hood cards. 

There  is  but  a  small 
percentage  of  people 
who  don't  use  play- 
ing cards  for  inno- 
cent amusement, 
hence  the  opportun- 
ity is  big  for  adver- 
tising our  Label 
through  this  me- 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

md  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing-  a  grade  of  cards 
ully  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  the 
ards  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders,  accompanied  by  remittance,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary, 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 


• 


50 


THE     CARPENTER 


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10  in.  deep,  12  in.  wide  and  18  to  20  in. 
long  will  give  good  satisfaction. 

A  card  index  system  is  preferred  by 
some,  while  others  use  drawers  3  to  6 
in.  deep  and  large  enough  to  take  in  a 
letter  10x12  or  more. 


This  set  of  drawers  goes  on  top  of  the 
bookcase.  Will  soon  have  another  which 
can  be  set  on  the  floor,  which  will  be  48 
in.  long,  20  in.  deep  and  32  in.  high.  It 
will  have  eight  drawers  16x22  in.  in- 
side, and  6  in.  deep.  A  bookcase  will 
probably  be  placed  above. 


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THE     CARPENTER 


51 


I  am  also  using  a  section  of  a  book-       drops    down.      There  are   shelves    which 
case   over   the   desk   with    a   leaf   which      are  used  for  drawings,  clippings,  etc. 


V" 

13  o  o  /■(=, 

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—    ■ — «i — *s£*M 

Answers  To  Brother  Cardin's  Problem 

In  reply  to  Mr.  H.  Cardin's  problem 
i  the  May  issue  of  "The  Carpenter." 
'he  area  of  both  figures  illustrated  is 
lentical,  and  if  the  corners  cut  from  the 
ip  are  used,  for  the  valley,  both  require 
ie  same  number  of  shingles. 

If  the  above  mentioned  corners  are 
3t  used  an  accurate  answer  cannot  be 

ven,  owing  to  the  fact  that  only  one 
..mension  is  given  on  the  figure  to  the 


left  of  the  illustration. 

The    pitch   of    the   roof   which    is    a 
essential  factor  in  the  giving  of  an  a( 


7 

Li 

¥ 

Dia, 


tram    Showing    Why    Both    Figures 
Contain  the  Same  Area. 


52 


THE     CAKPEXTER 


curate  numerical  answer  cannot  be  ar- 
rived at. 

Yours  very  truly. 
L.  U.  No.  718.       J.  J.   GUSSENHOVEN. 
710  10  St.  Havre,  Mont. 


In  this  issue  "The  Puzzler''  by  H. 
Cardin  of  Brookton.  Min..  is  like  the 
problem  on  picket  fencing,  where  it  is 
required  to  find  the  number  of  pickets  in 
two  different  fences,  but  both  of  them 
having  the  same  horizontal  distance  or 
run  and  the  same  width  pickets  and 
having  the  pickets  spaced  equally  in 
both  fences.  One  fence  is  built  on  level 
ground  and  the  other  over  a  given  hill. 

Sometimes  these  problems  are  puz- 
zling, but  as  a  matter  of  fact  one  fence 
won't  take  any  more  pickets  than  the 
other,  and  is  the  same  way  with  Brother 
Cardin's  puzzle.  Just  because  one  looks 
different  than  the  other  it  may  cause  a 
person  to  do  considerable  studying  un- 
less he  is  familiar  with  similar  cases.  In 
both  sides  of  the  given  roof  there  is  no 
difference  in  sq.  ft.,  as  both  contain  150 
sq.  ft.  In  one  both  hip  and  valley 
shingles  are  used,  but  there  is  no  waste, 
as  the  cuttings  from  one  will  serve  as 
the  other  and  if  the  shingles  are  laid  at 
4%  in.  to  the  weather  it  will  take  8 
shingles  to  the  sq.  ft.  Then  if  both 
roofs  contain  150  sq.  ft.  the  answer  can 
be  had  by  multiplying  150xS,  which 
gives  1.200  shingles  for  either  roof. 

Tour  sfraternally, 
L.   U.  No.   13S4.  E.   E.    SHORES. 


Different   Methods  of   Building  and 
Bracing  Partitions 

After  careful  observation;  of  many 
partitions.  I  am  satisfied  that  average 
carpenters  and  builders  are  not  really 
aware  of  their  true  structural  value. 
Most  mechanics  regard  a  partition  sim- 
ply as  a  wood  and  plaster  wall,  for  sep- 
arating rooms  and  supporting  the  floor 
beams  above,  and  though  these  are  their 
principal  objects,  they  should  always 
be  used  and  built  as  a  part  of  the  struc- 
ture of  the  house  to  increase  its  statical 
strength.  To  this  end  I  have  deemed  it 
advisable  to  set  before  my  readers  a 
few  suggestions  regarding  these  im- 
portant details  of  building  construction. 

As  I  have  stated  in  previous  articles, 
the  usual  method  of  erecting  partitions 
is  to  set  the  studs  12  or  19  in.  apart  from 
center  to  center,  setting  all  studs  plumb. 
then    to   cut   in    horizontal   pieces   about 


half    the    height    across    horizontally    as 
seen  iu  Fig.  1. 


\ 


\A 


\ 


/ 


\ 


^ 


7 


k 


V 


/ 


s 


V 


\ 


w 


y 


Fig.    1 — Partition   With   Horizontal  an 
Diagonal  Bridging. 

In  frame  houses  I  would  reeonimen 
that  cross  partitions  in  the  center  of  th 
house  be  "braced"  and  not  "bridged"  i: 


= 

= 

= 

= 

= 

1 

i 

= 

=j 

= 

= 



61 
Fig.  2 — Bracing  a  Long  Partition. 

order  to  stiffen  the  side  wall  and  prevei 
the  building  straining,  or  any  liabilit 
of  its  being  strained  by  any  outsic 
forces  such  as  wind  pressure,  etc.  Tli 
bracing  can  be  very  economically  doi 
by  the  method  also  illustrated  in  Fig.  - 


A 


A 


^ 


N 


61 
Fig.  3 — Arched  or  Curved  Bridging. 

as  will  be  seen,  it  consists  of  simply  cu 
ting  in  a  line  of  bridging  from  corner 
corner  diagonally,  each  piece  being  dn 
en  down  until  it  tightens. 


THE     CARPENTER 


r,.\ 


* 


sH 


Ik. 


Fig.   4. 


Fig.  2  represents  a  method  which  the 
writer  lias  successfully  followed  in  brac- 
ing a  very  long  partitiono,  and  it  will  be 
noticed  here  that  the  bridging  is  eut  in 
between  the  studs,  each  piece  beiUj 
nailed  in  horizontally.  The  method  is, 
however,  somewhat  faulty,  as  the  studs 
are  liable  to  be  bucked  or  sprung  when 
nailing  in  the  bridging;  for  this  reason  I 
would  suggest  that  the  curved  or  arched 
bridging  shown  in  Fig.  3  be  adopted  for 
long  partitions,  especially  if  it  supports 
floor  beams  in  the  center  of  a  span  or 
be  a  "fore  and  aft"  partition.  This 
method  of  introducing  the  arch  formed 
of  small  pieces  of  studding  is,  as  far  as 
I  know,  not  usual  and  has  been  followed 
by  the  writer  in  many  jobs,  with  the 
result  that  each  partition  was  not  alone 
self-sustaining  on  each  story,  but  was 
also  rigid. 

in  with  some  incombustible  material   to 
render   them   both   sound   and    fireproof. 


5TuOi?inc 


Fig.  5 — Section  of  a  Fore  and  Aft  Stud  Partition  At  Floors. 


THE    CARPENTER 


When  partitions  are  built  of  studs  set 
on  their  flat,  they  should  have  more 
bridging  than  those  set  the  4-inch  way. 


beams  to  form  fire-stops  to  prevent  fijj 
and  smoke  from  passing  from  any  low< 
floor  to  the  one  above.     All  cross  part 


Framing  of  a  Partition  Between  Beams. 


Partitions  should,  if  possible,  be  filled 
like  at  Fig.  4,  where  readers  will  note 
how  bucks  are  set  in  between  the  floor 


tions  ought  to  have  the  studs  or  joiM 
pass  down  through  or  past  the  fl(* 
beams  and  have  their  bottom  ends  ri: 


Fig.  7— Trussing  Over  a  Wide  Door  Opening. 


_    . 


THE     CARPEXTER 


X>7j 


L  and   nailed    to    the   plate   below,    as 
|i  in   the  sketch,   Fig.   5. 
:  ,Tood  partitions  running  in  the  same 
ictions  as  the  floor  beams,  as  repre- 


must  be  strong,  firm  and  rigid. 
At  door  and  window  openings  the  joists 
must  be  dowled  as  seen  in  Fig.  8.  Like- 
wise   at   the   door   head   and    cripple   or 


"SEHE3S-6I 


l^        ^        U/ 
A  Framed  Inside  P-  xtitiou  Crossing  the  Beams  At  Right  Angles. 


Fig.  8- 

ifnl!  in  the  sketch,  Fig.  6,  shall  have 

>ridng  blocks  as  I-I-I  cut  in  between 

uns  to  which  the  top  plate  is,  but 

I  sible   two    floor   beams    nailed    to- 

Jetl\  top  and  bottom,  to  nail  the  joist 

i  1  letter   and   stronger    construction. 

"  'e    door    openings    for    sliding    or 

*oul    folding  doors  must  have  a  truss 

erly  braced  arrangement  in  order 

I  ry  the  weight  of  the  floor  beams, 

•  ifely  and  secuerly,  which  may  be 

carr.  I  out  in  a  manner  similar  to  that 

Qs  ited  at   Fig.    7    and   all   partitions 


short    studs    cut    tightly    in    to    properly 
support   the  plate  and  beams  above. 


What  There's  Time  For 

Lots  of  time  for  lots  of  things, 
Though  it's  said  that  Time  has  wings. 
There  is  always  time  to  lind 
Ways  of  being  sweet  and  kind  ; 
The're  is  always   time  to  share 
Smiles  and  goodness  everywhere  ; 
Time  to  send  the  frowns  away, 
Time  a  gentle  word  to  say, 
Time  for  helpfulness,  and   time 
To  assist  the  weak  to  climb  ; 
Time  to  give  a  little  flower, 
Time  for  friendship,  any   hour. 
But  there  is  no  time  to  spare. 

— Exchange. 


Give  This  Level  Every 
Test  for  Accuracy 


Try     this — the     Master     workers     walnut     level. 

There  nc\er  was  a  level  more  carefully  made  nor 

better    adapted     to    guide     the    better    kind    of 

workman. 

Accuracy  is  sealed  in,  fool  proof,  nonadjustable. 

The  spirit  glasses  are  set  solid;  are  marked  with 

friction  grip  wire  locaters  and  are  protected  with 

plate    glass    lenses — dust    proof,    dirt   proof    and 

waterproof. 

Just  go  to  your  dealer — ask  to  see  this  fine  level, 

and  give  it   every  known   test  for  quick   action. 

easy  reading  and   all   around  utility.     You  will 

soon  see   why  good  workmen  have   depended   on 

Sand's   accurate  levels  for  more  than  a  quarter 

of  a  century. 

This  master  workers  level  of  very  old,   air  dried 

wood  is  made  in   18",  20"  and  24"  length  with 

4  glasses. 

Brass   bound   at   $4.50.     Plain  at  $2.00. 

Also   made   in    26",    25"    and   30"    length   with 

i  glasses. 

Brass  Bound,   $5.00.     Plain  $2.25. 

Special  Amateur  Level,  8",  12"  or  16"  at  $1.25. 

18",  20",  24"   at  $1.40. 

Here's  the  Lightest  LeveS  Made 

The  Easiest  to  Use  and 
to  Read 

This  Oluminum  level,  originated  by  Sand,  can 
be  read  in  any  position,  high  or  low — at  arms 
length,  —anywhere.  There  is  no  level  so  satis- 
factory for  overhead  work — for  plumbing 
ceilings,  girders  or  shafting. 
Yet,  in  spite  of  its  lightness  it  stands  up  and 
holds  its  accuracy  on  the  rough  and  ready  jobs. 
It  fairly  speaks  to  you  and  always  tells  the  truth. 
These  lightest  and  strongest  Of  all  levels  are 
made  in  substantial  milled  frame  of  99  per  cent 
pure  aluminum  and  can  be  supplied  as  follows: 

"0   Inch — 4  Plumbs   and   2  Levels $7.00 

28   Inch— 4   Plumbs    and    2   Levels 6.25 

24   Inch — 4    Plumbs   and   2   Levels 5.75 

All  levels   postpaid   at  above  prices. 


There  is  no  substitute  for  Sand's  levels.  They  include  all 
the  improvements  and  features  developed  by  two  generations 
of  level  makers.  You  can  tell  the  difference  every  time  if  you 
put  a  Sand's  level  beside  any  other. 

Write  for  illustrated  list  of. Sand's  Pine  and  Walnut  Levels, 
plain  or  brass  bound.  They  are  made  in  every  desirable 
style  from  the  light  inexpensive  lc\cl  for  amateeurs  to  the 
master  workers  level  shown.  The  aluminum  levels  too  are 
made  as  small  as  6  inches  with  groined  or  V  bottoms  for 
plumbers,  machinists  and  specialty  workers. 
Get  these  levels  from  your  dealer — if  he  will  not  supply,  we 
will  send  any  of  them,  postpaid,  on  receipt  of  price  above. 
Complete  illustrated  folder  free. 


SONS 

Detroit,  Michigan 


IC&R 


MEASURE 
TAPES 

are  the  Best 
For  Sale  by  all  Hardware  Dealers 

KEUFFEL  &  ESSER  CO. 

NEW  YORK,  127  Fulton  Street.  General  Olllce  and  Factories,  H0B0KEN  N.  J 


Drawing  Materials,  Mathematical  and  Surveying  Instruments,  Measuring  TapM 


„ 


The  "INTERLOX"  Think 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurers . 
The  famous 
"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 

gives  both  inside  and  outside  ineasuremJ 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes.  )• 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Usi' 
once  and  you  will  never  worlc  without. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circular; 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC 
84  iC  East  136th  St.,  New  York  C^ 


Leonhart's  Straight  Edge  Leve 


Try  one.      Money  refunded  if  not  satisfied.       , 
Ask  your  dealer,  or  send  50c  to  ., 

R.  LEONHART,         San  Anselmo,  J» 


Mistakes  are  dangerous  when  th^l>e;L 
come  habits.  It  is  a  mistake  to  |eB| 
money  earned  under  union  cond|onV 
for  non-union  labor  or  its  products.pe^ 
mand  the  Label,  card,  and  button. 


-' .../**  SON'S  Co. 


co.v,.RAC 


May  19,    ig2g> 


T"e  Beaver  E 


o,  w.  r_ 


Genu< 


«as-ii2nj_M_, 


'  etc-»   Jn  ajiy 

sr  «&«  as — •* 

" "'  -  •  «**  £»%•*?,  "'"■  "'>■  "» w""\-  ™« 

n  *ell  worti,  *Mie.  e  brouSH 

Jours  very  truly 
per     n  .  iona  Co 


^wjOj  Qc^tj 


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Administration  Offices,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.;  Thorold,  Ont.,  Canada;  London,  Eng. 

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Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
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and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments, 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you   have  piles   in    any  form   write  for  a 
FREE   sample   of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  you 
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Revitalize  your  worn-out  ex- 
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your  strength   and   endurance 

take  Organic  Iron:  not  metallic  iron  which 
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Nuxated  Iron— which  is  like  the  iron  in  your 
blood  and  like  the  iron  in  spinach,  lentils  and 
apples.  One  dose  of  Nuxated  Iron  is  estimated  to 
be  approximately  equivalent  (in  organic  iron 
content)  to  eating  one-half  quart  of  spinach, 
one  quart  of  green  vegetables  or  half  a  dozen 
apples.  It  is  like  taking  extract  of  beef  instead 
of  eating  pounds  of  meat.  Nuxated  iron  is 
partially  predigested  and  ready  for  almost  im- 
mediate absorption  and  assimilation  by  the 
blood,  while  metallic  iron  is  iron  just  as  it  comes 
from  the  action  of  strong  acids  on  small  pieces 
of  iron  filings. 

Over  4,000,000  people  annually  are  using 
Nuxated  Iron.  It  will  not  injure  the  teeth  nor 
disturb  the  stomach.  A  few  doses  will  often 
commence  to  enrich  your  blood.  Your  money 
will  be  refunded  by  the  manufacturers  if  you 
do  not  obtain  satisfactory  results. 

Beware  of  substitutes.  Always  insist  on 
having  genuine  organic  iron— Nuxated  Iron. 
Look  for  the  letters  N.  I.  on  every  tablet. 
Sold  by  all  druggists. 


rdSedasGiven 


VSU  CAN  WEN  THI9 
IDEAL  ALL-YEAR  CAR 

Can  you  solve  this  puzzle?  Try 
it  and  send  your  answer  today. 
Surely  you  want  this  fine  new 
latest  model  Ford  Sedan. 


We  have  given  away  nearly  50  Autos  in  the  past.  Now  we 
will  give  a  new  latest  model  Ford  Sedan  complete  vdth  elec- 
tric lights  and  starter,  sliding  plate  glass  windows,  large  tires, 
demountable  rims,  freight  and  tax  paid.  This  is  the  ideal  car 
for  both  summer  and  winter  use.    Own  a  car  of  your  own. 

Can  you  make  oat  the  two  words  spelled  by  the  numbers  in  the  pict- 
ure to  r:g-:.  T.-.c  ii: :  abet  is  numbered—  A  is  1,  Bis 2,  etc.  What  are 
the  two  words?  Can  you  work  it  out?  Send  no  money  with  your 
ar.swer,  just  the  two  words  and  your  name  and  address. 
Spnfi  Ancwpr  Tnrlav  Besides  Sedan  we  wii!  give  away  Talkies 
eSIIU  HflSWer  !  Uaajf  Machines,  Bicycles.  Watches,  Silverware 
and  hundreds  of  dollars  in  cash.  Everyone  who  answers  can  share  in 
cash  and  prizes.  Nothing  difficult  to  do.  Everybody  Wins!  Someone 
gets  a  Sedan,  it  can  be  you!  Send  Answer  Today  and  frv  for  this  Sedan. 

FORD  WILLSON,  Msr.  141 W.  Ohio  St..  Dept. 2737  Chicago,  El. 


3  -in. 


Brass  Bed 


Spring  and  Cotton  Mattress 

Send  the  coupon  and  only  $1.00  today  and  we'll  ship  you  this  complete,  3-piece 
brass  bed  outfit  on  approval.  Nothing  so  magnificent  in  a  home — nothing  adds 
so  much  richness  and  splendor  as  a  luxurious  and  elegant  brass  bed.  Always 
clean  and  sanitary.  See  the  handsome  design  and  massive  construction. 
Get  this  cut  price  offer. 

30  Days  Trial— Easy  Payments 

i  Use  this  beautiful  brass  bed  set  in  your  home  30  days.  If  not  satisfied,  return 
|  (he  set  and  we'll  refund  your  $1.00  plus  any  freight  or  express  you  paid. 
But  if,  after  30  days,  you  decide  to  keep  the  outfit,  start  paying  the  small  pay- 
I  ments  of  only  $3.00  a  month  until  the  full  bargain  price  of  only  $34.95  has  been 
I  paid.    A  full  year  to  pay.    We  trust  honest  people  anywhere  in  the  U.S. 

'' iMiiiim iinmiigiMiiiiimiiiiKmitiiuii! iiitiiinii nil     No  extra  charge  for  credit.    No 

*  us  &  Schram,  Reg.  B301  ,  W.  35th  St.,  Chicago  " 

5  sed  find  $1.00.    Ship  special  advertised  3-p!ece  Bed  Outfit 

I  ;a  h»d. steel  spring  and  cotton  mattress.  1  am  to  have  30 
'.';■  fee  trial.  If  I  keep  the  outfir.  I  will  pay  you  .-is. 00  monthly, 
",  "Wished,  1  am  to  return  the  outfit  within  30  days  and  you 
»"l  »  refund  my  money  and  any  freicrht  or  express  charces  I 

I   D  3-Piece  Bed  OjtJit  No.  B6919A.    534.95. 


discount  for  cash.    No.  C.  0.  D. 


<-'  K5.fVo.__ 


Rock  -bottom 
pricesnow.  Low- 
est since  before 
the  war.  So  send 
the  coupon  at  once  with  only 
$1.00  and  we  will  ship  you  3-piece 
outfit — bed,  spring  and  cotton 
mattress— on  30  days  trial.  No 
risk,  no  obligation.  Money  re- 
funded if  not  satisfied. 


2-inch  Post  Brass  Bed 

Dignified,  sturdy  and  graceful:  made  in  the  pop. 
ular  4-post  Colonial  design,  lacquered  in  soft 
dull  satiny,  rich  velvet  finish,  and  relieved  by 
ribbon-like  bands,  burnished  blight,  as  perma- 
nent as  the  brass  itself.  Wilt  not  tarniBk  or 
wear  off.  Two-inch  Colonial  posts  with  hand- 
some extra  size  4-inch  mounts.  The  top  rails 
and  filling  rails  are  1  inch  thick.  Height  of  head 
end  55  1-2  inches,  the  foot  end  36  inches.  Fur- 
nished in  full  size  only.  64x"G  in.  Complete  with 
best  t|uality  ball-bearing  steel  casters.  Fitted 
with  risid  patented  interlocking  steel  side  rails. 


-cotton  mattress  In  this  outfit,  filled  with 
:an,  sanitary  cotton  lin'ers  to  an  unusual  thick- 
ss.     Will  keep    its    shape    always..   Cove 


Iron  side  rails,  with  fine  mesh,  strong  link  fabr 
body,  joined  at  each  end  with  25  helical  springs: 
will  not  sag.    Weight  entire  outfit  about  105  ibs. 

Order  by  No.  86919A.  Price  for  Bed,  Spring 
and  Cotton  Mattress.  S34.95. 
51.00  down,  S3.00  Monthly. 


pi  ^youon.ywa«crtaloV"p"u7>rin"bo^hea.0w:  |   Stl'ailS  &  Schram,  Register  B301 

L-  niterc.  Stoves,  Jewelry  □  Men's, Women's  Children's  Clothing  _ 


Free  Bargain  Catalog! 

Shows  thousands  of  bargains  in  house 
furnishings,  jewelry,  silverware,  porch  and 
lawn  furniture,  wearing  apparel.  Send 
coupon  today,  now  1 

West  35th  Street 
Chicago,  111. 


1/CARPEHTERS  AND  BUItDERS 

PRACTICAL  RULES    iV;. 

lkvvFOR  LAYING -'OUT-WORK'';;'.'' 


(Size  if.  x  7   UicIks.) 


CARPENTERS  HAND  BOOK 

In;-  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no  other  hand 
hook  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  "rules  and  tables." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  2700  different 
loiietlis  of  rafters,  300  different  lengths  of  braces 
and  (be  proper  cufs  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 
ing, stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc.,' 
;hh1    in    fact    all    the    up-to-date    information    and 
•SHORT  CUT  RULES"  for  every-day  use  in  a  first 
class  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A. 

I  — "                     Mail  this  Coupon  to"  ~ ~  ~~~"         ' 

|  D.  A.   ROGERS, 

|  3604    Stevens   Ave.,    Minneapolis,   Minn. 

.  Enclosed  find  $1.00  for  which  please  send  me  your  book 

'  CARPENTER     AND     BUILDERS     PRACTICAL     RULES 

|  FOR    LAYING    OUT   WORK. 

I   Name  

I   St.    and  No 

i 
i 

,    Town    and   State   

I   The  Book  that  wili  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back. 


ECONOMIZE 

AUTOMATIC  SASH  HOLDERS 


Do 

Away 

With 

Sash 
Weights,    V] 
Cords,  Pulleys, 
Balances.    Etc. 


Eliminate 
Window 
Pockets 
Rattling  & 
Other     Nui- 
sances,   Save 
Time  &  Labor. 
Mention   weight 


Send  51.00  for  trial  set  prepaid 
of  sash   when   ordering.      Address   Dept.    C, 

HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

30  Church  St..  New  York.  Citv,  Rout,-,  226-TC 


Cut    out    big    profits."    Anyone    hnnlv    wiili    rom« 
can    make    a    cabinet    according    to    our    drawings 
and    simple    instructions.       We    furnish    mechan- 
~    ical   parts  at  small   cost.     Drawings,    blue  prints, 
pnrts.   price  list,   etc..  free  on  request.     Write  today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  Ohio 

For  Stair  and  Angle  wcr!-.  Ph  are's  Hex. 
Square  Guides.        _  ^^^SQUAREauTOE 

65c   a   pair ;   Recommend- 
ed  by   Craft   expert    Bro. 
Stoddard.    Also  Phare's  feather- 
weight Bit  Gage,  2oc.    Both  tools, 
same  order,  S5c  postpaid.    Money 
order,  U.  S.  post  stamps,  or  coin. 

BEACON  MFG.  Co.,       Station  B,  Cleveland,  Ohn 


QUICK 
and 

ALWAYS 
RIGHT 

CARPENTER,  you  kno\ 

the  importance  of  mark 
ing  both  side  casing  t 
same  length,  with  refer 
ence  to  the  head  jamb 
that's  just  what  m: 
gauge  will  quickly  d 
for  you  and  no  meas- 
uring- or  fooling  about  it. 


MR 
Done  hesitat 
send  me  45c  for  a  gauge,  use  it  and 
not  pleased,  I  will  refund  your  45c  ai 
(he  return  postage  at  once. 

R.  P.  STANDEFORD 

P.  O.  Box  981,  Kansas  City,  M 


ire  YOU  Young  at 

i  If  not,  why?  Get  quicki 

1FSEE  BOOS  about 
1  the  prostate  gland  which  may 
\  cause  sciatica,  backache,  irx- 
I  terrupted  6leep,  depressed 
'  and  other  often"serious  con- 
'  ditions.  It  tells  of  a  new  drug- 
less  home  treatment  that  cor- 

'  lects  these  conditions.  Address 
,  ,„  The  Electro  Thermal  Co. 
..  0:1  Main  Stvsofc        Steubenvjlle,  Ohio 


iThis  is  the  Life 

You  can  get  anywhere  on  the  strongly 
made,  easy  riding  and  most  comfort- 
able wheel  built  $  <g      « 

BIACK  BIAUTY-  Iweek 

and  a  small  deposit  brings  this  superior  wheel 
to  you  at  new  low  factory  prices.    Delivered  free.   Five 
year  guarantee.     Six  month  accident 
i  nsurance. 


Free 

|HAVERFOpCTCiEiSfaDrp|hCU;.^iladflphi, 


Tires  and  Accessories 


U.S.A. 


Carpenters,  Bricklayers,  Contractors,  Builders  &•■ 
j^hers— Can  you  read  Blue  Prints?  If  not,  leai 
how.  It  will  help  you  hold  your  job — it  will  £« 
you  a  better  job — it  will  increase  your  earning  ca 
pacity.  Special  Courses  for  each  trade.  Write,  a 
once,  for  Free  blue  print  and  Catalog  B,  Stating  trade 

ARCHITECTURAL,   MECHANICAL,   SHEET 
METAL  AND  STRUCTURAL  DRAFTING 

quickly  taught  at  home,  in  your  spare  time,  on  th 
"Pay  As  You  Study  Plan."  You  can  soon  qualify  i° 
a  successful  draftsman.  Books  and  tools  furnisnei 
Free.  Write  today  for  catalog  G.  It  means  more  pay 
ESTIMATING— STEEL  SQUARE 
Practical  Courses  making  the  various  details  simp! 
and  clear.  It  will  give  you  the  training  that  will  tajj' 
you  out  of  overalls  and  put  you  into  a  boss'  job.  "' 
not  miss  this  opportunity.    Write  now  for  Catalog.    ™ 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1904 

1  1  1 1  ■—    r  1  I     I0A.    Drexel    Blclg..    Phila.,   Pa-  mm 


_. 


E5c  Brings  Big  3  FtTelescoj 

View  objects  miles  away  just  like  they  were 
close.      Watch  people  at  a  distance.    See 
Moon  and  Stars  as  you  never  did  before. 
Wonder  Telescope  opens  over  3  ft.  in  " 
sections,   closed  measures  12inch.es 
Brass  bound.  You've  always  wan 
ted  one  like  this,  get  it  now. 
Useful  and  Entertaining 
"Could  tell  color  of  aero- 

Blane  4  miles   away." 
[r».  L.   M.   Yarbroush, 
Strineer.  M193. — "Can 


nun 


watch  my  boy  until 

laches  9chool 

esaway." 


mr 


light  cars 
mile  away  and 

moon."  A.  C. 
Palmer,  Indianapolis 

Speciai  Offer  By 

fortunate  purchase  from  a 
large  European  manufacturer 
wecan  give  you  a  bargain.  Sup- 
ply limited.      Send  only  25c  with 
order  and   on   arrival   deposit  SI. 70  with 
poatman.    If    you    prefer   send  SI. 85  with 
order  in  full  payment.    Sent  poyt-pakJ.     Satis- 
faction iruarnnteed  or  money  returned  »n  full, 

erry&Co.,6832E. EndAve„Dept-.    m  .Chicago 


Send  for  this  Big  Telescope  Today. 

THE  GUNN  SELF   FASTENING 
FOLDING   SAW   CLAMP 


Holds  the  Saw  Tight  Arsywhere 

'il!  instantly  fasten  itself  to  work  bench,  tool  box, 
id,  joist,  or  pile  of  lumbtr,  rail  of  fence — to  any 
able  place. — and  without  screws  or  nails,  or  any 
r  means  of  fastening;  stands  firmer  than  any  other — 
i  thth'  troublesome  screws,  nails  and  braces. 
ade  of  best  malleable  iron,  13  inches  long;  weighs  3 
ids;  folds  like  a  jack-knife;  can  be  carried  in  coat 
let.     Guaranteed  not  to   break. 

Price,   $2.00   at    Most    Good    Hardware    Stores, 

or  Sent    Prepaid    Anywhere   for   $2.00.       Money 

Refunded   if  Noi  Satisfactory. 

llan  Gunn   Folding  Saw  Ciamp  Co., 

P.    0.    Box    G43.    Pittsburgh.    Pa. 


r>ROOKS'  APPLIANCE,  the 
"  modern,  scientific  inven- 
tion, the  wonderful  new  d  s- 
rmiry  that  cures  rupture  will 
he  stnt  on  trial.  No  obnoxi- 
ous springs  or  pads.  Has 
automatic  Air  Cushions, 
i'.inds  and  draws  the  brokui 
parts  together  as  you  would 
a  broken  limb.  No  salves. 
No  lies.  Durable,  cheap. 
Sent  on  trial  to  prove  it. 
Catalog  and  measure  blanks 
mailed  free.  Send  name  and 
address  today.  Never  on  sale 
;ii  stores.  Don't  be  fooled  by 
imitations.  Look  for  trade 
mark  signature  of  C.  IS. 
lirooks  and  his  picture  on 
every  appliance.  None  other 
genuine. 


300 
450 


A  Month 
Salary 

on  the  Side 


That' s  the  kind  of  money  my  drafting  students 
make.    Read  what  this  one  cays: 

°'As  a  beginner  I  am  doing  fine.  Am  earning  a  salary 
of  $300  per  month,  besides  I  made  over  $150  at  home  in 
the  last  two  months,  drawing  plans  f  o.-  private  parties. 
The  practical  drafting  training  you  gave  me  by  mail 
put  me  where  I  am  in  less  than  six  month's  study. 
Thank  you  for  all  your  personal  interest  and  help  you 
gave  me  so  far."  (Signed)  J.  B. 

(Name  and  Address  upon  request.) 


Gaarante 


you  are  placed  In  a 
siig  $2SO  to  $3GO 


,  To  train 
you  until 


pay- 
a  month 


A  very  high-grade  $25  drafting  outfit  free.  S3,6C0  a  year  salary. 
Trained  by  me  personall  /  iini.il  you  get  a  job.  'i  hat's  the  big 
8-featured  offer  I  am  making  to  you.  "J.  B."  was  trained  by 
me.  I  train  you  personally  in  tha  same  way.  I  make  you 
qualified  to  draw  $3,600  per  year  like  scores  of  my  other 
graduates  are  doing.  I  give  you  practical  drafting  room 
work.  Everything  just  exactly  a3  you  would  get  in  a  real  job. 
I  giva  you  my  personal  man-to-man  attention. 


And  more— I  give  you  a  whole  Bet  of  drafting  tools  the  minute 
you  become  my  student.  You  get  every  tool  you  need.  A 
magnificent  $25  set  of  instruments  with  which  to  build  your 
success,  in  draftsmanship. 

Send  Coupon 


>ks  Appliance  Co.,  252  F   State   St.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


"T"    PLUMB    AND 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  made  of 
aluminum.  Can  be  easi- 
ly attached  to  any 
straight,  edge.  Simple  to 
adjust.  Guaranteed  ac- 
curate. Size  3Jx2|  in. 
Price  SI. 00  Delivered. 
PIN    MANUFACTURING 

CO. 
Box    1073,    Detroit,    Mich. 


No  matter  what  plans  you  have  for  the  future.  Get  this  great 
book  —  "Successful  Draftsmanship."  Find  out  about  the 
simply  marvelous  opportunities  ahead  now.  How  the  world 
needs  draftsmen,  engineers,  architects  and  builders.  What 
great  salaries  and  possibilities  there  are.  Send  coupon  for 
free  book  today. 

CHIEF  DRAFTSMAN  OOBE 
Dept-B53$>        4001  Broadway  Chicago,  111. 

IIIIUIIMIIt.lltlilliaiimill IIMIIMIMt ■MIHIIIIMIIIIKIllllllllll"" 

CHIEF  DRAFTSMAN  DOBE 

DeptB53t    4CC1  Broadway,  Chicago,  ill. 

Without  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  mail  your  book, 
"Successful  Draftsmanship",  and  full  particulars  of  your 
liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  few  Btudonts. 


Name 

Address 

PoetOffiee State. 


Send  for  Catalog 


Plumbing,  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Water  works  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing.  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Y\'aterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  t< 

Save  20  to  40%  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 


B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


THE   Wayvell    Chappell    Automatic    Ball    Bearing   Electric 
Floor  Surfacing   Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish  your 
new  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  them. 

As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishing 
floors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  flats,  apart- 
ments, etc..  all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away  with. 
It  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and 
steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
erates. 

Only  surfacing  machine  having  roll- 
er   sanding    even    with    base- 
board   from    either    side     or 
machine,     doing     away     with 
uneven  work  of  edge  roll- 
er attachment.  Four  sizes. 

Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
cept  Our   free   trial    offer. 

(Machine  demon- 
strated also  at  our 
branch  Office.  921 
Washington  Blvd., 
Chicago.) 
Man.   by  Wayvell 

Charpll  &  Co. 

38    N.    Jaokson    St. 

Dept.    A. 

W'auRegaii,    III. 


Pat.  1912-igif 


PAT   APLD  FOR 


Trade 

THE  LYON  PIPE 

with  the 

SPIRAL  COIL 

Mark 


COlt   CKAM3ER 


Sent  C.  O.  D.  Parcel  Post. 

The  Lyon  Mfg.  Co. 

5931  So.  Kedzie  Ave.  Chicago,  I] 

The  public  helped  the  makers  perfe 
this  pipe.     It's  no  experiment. 

Send  Post  Card  for  Literature. 


The  Rustless  Rule 

KEG.U.S.PAXOFE 

Made  of  Luminoy.   a  special  alloy  of  Aluminum. 

Here  is  THE   Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  have.   It  won't 
weighs    little,    has    brass    joints,    costs   less    than    a    steel   rule,    yet   is   jui 
durable,    has   large   figures    and   accurate   graduation,    together   with   perm. 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.      If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to 
for  printed  matter  and  prices. 


7  Lafayette  Ave. 


THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 


Euffalo,  N. 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


U--CAN  MAKE  I' 


1419  W.Adams  St. 


(in  your  spare  time) 

and   save   two   thirds 
retail  price.     5  styles 
choose     from,     includir 
Console  Type. 
All  panels  5  ply  genuir 
mahogany    or    quartere 
oak. 

Make  them  for  yoi 
friends.  The  profit  on  01 
will  pay  for  your  owu. 
Our  new  large  Catalo 
FREE  upon  request. 
THE  CARPENTER  AND  CABIN. 
MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO. 

Chicago,  1 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 
TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 

Are  You  One  Of  Them? 

_  s°1(l  By  Leading  Hardware  Dealers  Everywhere 
bend  for  Book  :  "Care  of  Saws,"  free  to  members  of 

The  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York 


AMERICAN    HANDY    SAW    TABLE 

V2  H.  P.  Motor  operates  it;  or  %  H.  P.  for  light 
work.  Furnished  also  with  countershaft  for  belt  drive. 
Saws  up  to  2"  thick  once  through. 

Steel  table  20"x26",  36"  high,  saw  8"  Dia.  May  be 
raised  or  lowered  for  dado  work,  ripping,  cut-off  and 
mitre  gauges,  saw  guards  and  splitter.  Weight,  crated 
220  lbs. 

Price  Without  Motor  $60.00 

Ask  for  descriptive  bulletin  of  this  and  other  ma- 
chines for  the  carpenter  and  builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Co. 

136  Main  St.,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

50  Church  St.,  New  York — The  Bourse,  Philadelphia. 


Contractor-Agents 
Wanted 

YOU  MAY  BE 
FOLLOWING  A 
trade  already  or 
perhaps  looking  for 
a  new  one.  Which- 
ever it  may  be,  in- 
stall A  1 1  m  e  t  a  1 
Weatherstrip  and 
have  a  real  income. 


I  have  a  proposition  to  offer  good  live 
1  j  that  will  put  them  on  the  road  to 
,4  Cess — $5000  per  year  income  is  corn- 
ea among  weatherstrip  men. 

1  Idings  are  well  under  way  now.  They 
nil  soon  he  ready  for  the  weatherstrip 

d  tractor.  Just  as  soon  as  you  get 
it  new  ones  equipped,  start  after  the 
M  ones.  Owners  of  old  huildings  are 
[«y  to  sell.  They  are  tired  of  big  coal 
■3,  draughty  windows,  dirty  floors,  etc. 
•I'osts  you  nothing  to  enter  the  Weath- 

I  rip  business.     We  cooperate  with  you 

t  and  sales. 

I        Ask  for  our  selling  plan. 

^  iLLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP 
COMPANY 

li    West    Kinzie    Street  CHICAGO 


A 


FOR  EVERY   SAW 


** 


1  for  the  Expert,  and  "SPECIAL" 
anyone,  for  hand,  band,  jig,  butcher 

fret  saws  not  over  16  gauge.  NO.  3 
circular  and  cross-cut  saws  14  to  20 
je  ;  NO.  4  for  "Champion"  and  "M" 
bed  saws  14  to  20  gauge  ;  NO.  5  for 
>er  and  board  saws  0  to  14  gauge. 


q\S.  MORRILL 


New  York 


Morrill 
sawsets 


C(MB,@®-EY 


CHAI 

Get  rid  of  the  trou- 
blesome and  unreliable 
sash  cord  and  stand- 
ardize on  the  modern 
product,  A  c  c  o  Cord 
Pulley  Chain.  This 
chain  is  guaranteed  to 
operate  over  any  com- 
mon cord  pulley,  and 
is  stronger  and  more 
economical  than  sash 
cofd. 


Acco  comes  in  three  fin- 
ishes— A.  C.  D.  (Coppered  Steel), 
S.  R.  P.  (Special  Rust  Proof),  and 
Hot  Galvanized.  Packed  100  feet 
of  chain  with  40  weight  fixtures  in 
strong  bag.     Write  for  Prices. 

American    Chain     Company,    Inc. 
Bridgeport,  Conn, 

In   Canada:     DOMINION    CHAIN    CO., 

LIMITED,  Niagara  Falls,  Ont. 

District  Sales    Offices  : 

Boston      Chicago      New  York      Philadelphia 

Pittsburgh       Portland,  Ore.       San  Francisco 


A   Simple,    Easy,    Speedy   Way 

to   do   cross   cutting,    ripping,    grooving,    tennon- 
ing.    rabbeting,    etc.      A  practical   machine   which 
cuts  the  time  and  costs  for  workers  in  wood. 
THE    B0ICE    PONY    BENCH    MACHINE 
— Six  Machines   In   One — 
Designed    for    work    in     all     kinds     i  f    wooo\ 
fibrous    materials   and   soft   metals   up    to   1  1-2" 
thick.     Special  attachments  furnished  for  polish- 
ing,    bulling,     grinding,     sanding,     and     drilling. 
Handles    1"   and  5"  grinding   wheels,    G"   saws, 
and    S"    sand    discs,    and    3-8"    Chuck.      All 
metal.       Height     10";     weight     ::i     lbs. 
Top  L0"xl2" — can  be  removed  or 
tilted    5    degrees.      Easily    i.riven 
with     1-4     or     1-3     111'    motor 
Price    complete    with    standard 
equipment,    $37.85.     Motor   and 
Base  extra.   Send  today. 
Money  back  if  not  sat- 

e  "W.B.&J.E.  BOICE 
1314  Boies  Bldg.. 
114   23rd   St.. 
Todelo,  Ohio. 


J 

CconomyJ 

Extra  Money  for  Carpenters 

Here  is  a  practical  way  to  add  to  your  regular  income. 

Turn  your  practical  knowledge  of  your  craft  to  advantage  by 
putting  in  Oak  Floors  yourself.  It  will  not  interfere  with  your 
regular  work.  You  can  make  good  money.  When  you  see  an  old, 
worn-out  floor,  show  the  owner  how  he  can  put  in  our  %-inch 
special  for  overlaying  old  floors,  at  small  cost;  or  talk  up  Oak 
Flooring  for  new  buildings. 

Any  home  owner  would  have  Oak  Floors  if  he  really  knew  jus: 
what  the  cost  was.  Oak  Floors  are  easy  to  sell  when  you  know 
the  figures. 

Send  for  our  free  booklets  Avhich  give  you  all  the  necessary  infor- 
mation as  to  grades,  finishes,  etc.  Then  talk  to  your  friends  among 
lumber  dealers. 

Hundreds  of  carpenters  have  been  making  extra  money  this  way 
for  years.     You  can  do  the  same. 

OAK  FLOORING  ADVERTISING  BUREAU 

1051   Ashland  Block,  Chicago,  VI 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World  Over 

Established  1790 

QUALITY   GUARANTEED 

TjJt — ik, 
SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT     -a£^ 


SNELL  SOLID   CENTER 


Send  10c  in  stamps  for  sample  y2-inch  Solid  Center  Bit. 
Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO.,  SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY.  FISKDALE,  MASS. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 


The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 
Manufactured  by 


1.      Strike=plate. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 


No.  2.     Lock. 


CAL. 


Do  You  Want 
$200  a  Week? 

The  Amazing  Story  of  Carl  Rowe 

Who  Rose  From  an  Income  of  $50. 00  A  Week 

To  $1,000  A  Month 


My  name  is  Rowe — Carl  Rowe.  I  live  in  a 
small  city  in  Xew  York  State. 

I  am  going  to  tell  you  an  amazing  story 
about  myself.  It  may  seem  strange  to  believe, 
but  you  can  easily  verify  everything  I  have  to 
say. 

Two  years  ago  I  was  a  baker.  I  was  strug- 
gling along,  trying  to  make  the  money  in  my 
pay  envelope  meet  the  increasing  expenses  of 
our  family.  There  was  no  prospect  for  the 
future. 

Today,  just  two  years  later, 
I  am  a  successful  business 
man.  I  have  plenty  of  money 
for  all  the  things  we  need  and 
want.  Last  month  I  made 
$875  during  my  spare  time. 
and  was  able  to  put  .$200  a 
j  week  in  my  savings  account. 

I  am  going  to  tell  you  how 
\  It  happened. 

Please  remember  that  two 
vears  ago  I  had  no  surplus 
ash.  I  was  in  the  same  fix  as 
nine  out  of  ten  other  men.  Ex- 
penses  were  constantly  mount- 
ng  and  my  salary,  although  it 
uid  increased,  could  not  keep 
>aee  with  the  cost  of  living. 
My  wife  had  to  do  without 
liings  that  I  know  she  ought 
o  have.  We  wanted  an  auto- 
nobile,  hut  we  couldn't  afford 
t.  We  wanted  to  buy  our  own 
i  lome,  but  we  couldn't  afford 
hat. 

It    made    me    desperate    to 
liink   of   what    might    happen 
f  I  became   sick   or  lost   my   job.      I  worried 
bout  it,  and  so  did  my  wife.     We  were  living 
roin  hand  to  mouth,  and  we  didn't  know  what 
alamity   and    hardship    might    be    lurking   just 
round  the  corner. 
And  yet — today — I  own  our  nine-room  house. 
have    an    automobile,    money    for  -books,    the 
at  re,    or    any    other    pleasures    that    I    may 
I  k'ant.     I    have   the   cash    today    to   educate   my 

on  and  send  him  through  college. 
i     Here  is  how  is  happened.     One  day  in  glanc- 
B^Rhrough   a   magazine   I    read    an    advertise- 
ment.     The   advertisement   said    that   any    man 
ould  make  a  hundred  to  three  hundred  dollars 
month  during  his  spare  time. 
I  didn't  believe  it.     I  knew  that  I  had  worked 
arcl  eight  hours  a  day  for  $50.00  a  week,  and 
figured   that   no   man   could   make   that  much 
tiring  a  couple  of  hours  a  day  spare  time. 
But  as  I  read  that  ad  I  found  that  it  pointed 
>  men  who  had  made  that  much  and  more.    In 
ie    last    paragraph    the    advertiser    offered    to 
•nd  a  bonk  without  cost.     I  still  doubted.    P.ut 
thought  it  was  worth  a  two-cent  stamp,  so   I 
»re  out   the   coupon   and    put   it   in   my   pocket 
id  next  day   on    my    way    home   from  work    I 
ailed  it. 

When  I  look  back  to  that  day  and  realize  how 
use  I  came  to  passing  up  that  ad,  it  sends  cold 
nils  down  my  spine.  If  the  book  had  est  me 
thousand  dollars  instead  of  a  two-cent  stamp, 
would  still  have  been  cheap.  All  that  I  have 
day- — an  automobile,  my  home,  an  established 
isiness,  a  contented  family — all  these  are  due 


to  the  things  I  learned  by  reading  that  little 
eight-page  booklet. 

There  is  no  secret  to  my  success.  I  have  suc- 
ceeded beyond  any  dream  I  may  have  had  three 
years  ago,  and  I  consider  myself  an  average 
man.  I  believe  that  I  would  be  criminally 
selfish  if  I  did  not  tell  other  people  how  I  made 
my  success. 

All  the  work  I  have  done  has  been  pleasant 
and  easy,  and  withal,  amazingly  simple.  I  am 
the  representative  in  this  ter- 
ritory for  a  raincoat  manufac- 
turer. The  booklet  that  I  read 
was  one  issued  by  that  com- 
pany. It  tells  any  man  or 
woman  just  what  it  told  me. 
It  offers  to  anyone  the  same 
opportunity  that  was  offered 
to  me.  It  will  give  to  anyone 
the  same  success  that  it  has 
brought  to  me. 

The  Corner  Manufacturing 
Company  are  one  of  the  larg- 
est manufacturers  of  high- 
grade  raincoats  on  the  mar- 
ket ;  but  they  do  not  sell 
through  stores.  They  sell  their 
coats  through  local  represen- 
tatives. The  local  representa- 
tive does  not  have  to  buy  a 
stock.  All  he  d)es  is  to  take 
orders  for  Comer  raincoats 
and  he  gets  his  profit  the  same 
day  the  order  is  taken.  Fully 
half  my  customers  come  to  my 
house  to  give  me  their  orders. 
My  business  is  growing  big- 
ger every  month.  I  don't  know 
how  great  it  will  grow,  but  there  are  very  few 
business  men  in  this  city  whose  net  profit  is 
greater  than  mine,  and  I  can  see  only  unlimited 
opportunity  in  the  future. 

*  *  * 
If  you  are  interested  in  increasing  your  in- 
come from  $100  to  $1,000  a  month  and  can  de- 
vote all  your  time  or  only  an  hour  or  so  a  day 
to  this  same  proposition  in  your  territory,  write 
at  once  to  The  Comer  Manufacturing  Company, 
Dayton,  Ohio.  This  is  their  special  offer.  They 
will  send  you,  without  any  preliminary  cor- 
respondence or  red  tape,  a  complete  selling  out- 
fit with  full  instructions,  samples,  style  book, 
order  book  and  everything  you  need  to  get 
started.  Sign  and  mail  the  coupon  now  and 
in  less  than  a  week  you  ran  be  making  more 
money   than   you   ever  believed  possible. 

Mail    This    Coupon    At    Once 

The  Comer  Mfg.  Co.  Dept.  A- 71  Dayton,  Ohio 

Gentlemen  : 

I  am  ready  to  start  as  a  Comer  representa- 
tive if  you  can  show  me  bow  I  can  make  from 
$50.00  to  $200  a  week.  Please  send  me,  with- 
out any  expense  or  obligation  to  me,  complete 
outfit  and  instructions. 


Name    . 

Address 


Efficient  Cutting, 
Easy  Operation 

The  success  of  Atkins  Silver 
Steel  Saws  is  attributed  to  their 
wonderful  cutting  ability  and 
their  ease  of  operation. 

They  are  made  scientifically  to 
overcome  wrist  strain  and  bind- 
ing in  the  cut.  Frequent  filing 
and  setting  is  unnecessary  be- 
cause our  formula,  Silver  Steel, 
and  our  special  taper  grinding  is 
a  guarantee  that  they  will  stay 
sharp  longer  and  operate  easier 
than  any  other  saw  made. 

Buy  Atkins  Saws,  give  them  a 
trial,  you  will  be  pleased  with  the 

results. 


Send  25c  for  carpenter 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense  Booklet. 


Atkins  ltt\  Saws 

"The  Finest  On  Earth" 

E.C.ATKINS  &  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  1857  THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPLE 

Home  Office  aivd  Factory,  INDJANAPOUS.INDIANA 

CanadiajvFactory,  H&milton  Ortf&rio 

M&chiftfi  Knife  Factory.  Lajvca.stor  N.Y. 

Branches  Carrying Compkto StodubThePolhwiigCttlMi 

Atlt>.t\tEw  New  Orleuvs  Seattle 

Memphis  New  York  City  P&rU.  Fraivo* 

Chicago  Portltuvd.Oro.  Sydney.  N.  S.1* 

Mirvna^polis  SarvFrwvcisco  Vw\eouv«r,BA 


Have  This  Ne 
Time  Book  on  Us- 
It's  Free  to  You 


Your  copy  of  the  Sheetrock  Time  Book 
ready  for  you.  Hundreds  of  carpenters  ha 
already  got  theirs,  and  many  of  them  s 
dropping  us  a  line  to  say  it's  the  handie 
ever  issued. 


Contains  tables  and  other  data  that 
ters  and  contractors  use  every  day. 

Also  makes  you  better  acquainted  with  SHEETROC 
the  fireproof  wallboard.  And  you  ought  to  know  all  al 
Sheetrock.     It  comes  in  ceilinp--high  sheets,  all  ready 
nailing  to  the  joists  or  studding.  Nails  and  saws  like  h 
ber.   No  lathing  or  plastering.    It  makes  firm,  smc 
tight-jointed  walls  and  ceilings  at  low  cost. 

Send  in  the  coupon  now,  and  you  will  get  your  Tii 
Book  by  return  mail. 

Sheetrock  comes  in  standard  sizes— %  in. 
thick,  32  or  48  in.  wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 


US 

6 


SHEEmOCK 


Res?.  V.  S.  Pat  " 


The  FIRE  PROOF 


WALLBOAR 


UNITED    STATES     GYPSUM     COMPAN 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Cornoany 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chi~a|o,  HL 
Send  my  SHEETROCK  Time  Book  to- 


Na_~t. 


Af  ~stz-_ 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  l\ 


ix  Ways  To  Land  Business — 

ien  a  man  wants  a  floor  laid  you  give  him  a  choice 
several  kinds  of  lumber  —  chances  of  getting  the 
i  would  be   pretty  slim  if  you  could   supply  only 

kind.  The  same  holds  true  in  going  after  a  roof- 
{  job — the  wider  choice  you  can  offer  a  man  the  bet- 

your  chances  for  landing  the  business. 

at's  why  you  should  make  it  a  point  to  talk  the 
erlastic  "Big  Six"  —  they  offer  six  chances  of 
asing  a  customer  —  they're  suited  to  every  type 
steep  roofed  building  —  they  meet  each  individ- 
's  preference  in  price  and  looks. 

>re-than  that,  you  can  lay  Barrett  Everlastic  Roof- 
's with  the  certainty  they'll  give  long  satisfactory 
vice.  The  name  "Barrett"  has  stood  for  honest 
fing  value  for  sixty  years — Barrett  Roofings  enjoy 
confidence  of  users  everywhere.  There's  no  bet- 
advertisement  for  your  skill  and  dependability 
n  a  building  covered  with  well-laid  Barrett  Ever- 
:ic  Roofing. 

Company 


Fork  Chicago  Philadelphia  Boston  St.  Louis  Cleveland 
nnati  Pittsburgh  Detroit  New  Orleans  Birmingham  Kansas  City 
eapolis  Dallas  Syracuse  Peoria  Atlanta 

•h  Salt  Lake  City  Bangor  Washington  Johnstown  Lebanon 
Bstown  Milwaukee  Toledo  Columbus  Richmond  Latrobe 
them  Elizabeth  Buffalo  Baltimore  Omaha  Houston  Denver 
•'rancisco 

THE  BARRETT  COMPANY.  Limited: 
real         Toronto  Winnipeg  Vancotntr  St.  John.  X.  B. 


Jacksonville 


Halifax.  N.  S. 


Your  Choice  of  Six  Styles 

Everlastic 
Octo-Shrip  Shingles 
The  latest  development  in 
the  strip  shingle.  Beautiful 
red  or  green  mineral  sur- 
face. Made  in  an  unique 
form  that  offers  a  variety 
of  designs  in  laying. 

Everlastic  Multi-Shingles. 
Four  shingles  in  one.  Made 
of  high  grade  waterproof- 
ing materials  with  a  red 
or  green  mineral  surface. 
When  laid  they  look  exact- 
ly like  individual  shingles. 
Fire-resisting. 

Everlastic  Single  Shingles. 
Same  red  or  green  material 
as  Multi-Shingles,  hut  made 
in  single  form  ;  size,  8x12^ 
inches. 

Everlastic  Giant  Shingles. 
Identical  in  shape  with 
Everlastic  Single  shingles 
I  ut  heavier  and  thicker. 
Tuey  are  "giants"  for 
strength    and    durability. 

Everlastic 

Mineral  Surfaced  Roofing. 
The  most  beautiful  and  en- 
during roll  roofing  made. 
Surfaced  with  everlasting 
mineral  in  art-shades  of  red 
or  green.  Combines  real 
protection  against  fire  with 
beauty.  Requires  no  paint- 
ing. 

EvcrlastiC'Rubbcr''  Roofing. 
This  is  one  of  our  most  pop- 
ular roofings.  It  is  tough, 
pliable,  elastic,  durable  and 
very  low  in  price.  It  is 
easy  to  lay  ;  no  skilled  labor 
required.  Nails  and  cement 
included   in   each   roll. 


Fifty  Years  as  Manufacturers 
of  Good  Sandpapers 


^ 


T 


\r? 


w 


rociatioTJ 


To  those  who  hare  so  largely  contributed  to 
Ihe  success  of  Herman  Behr"  &  Company  in 
its  half-century  of  existence,  we  wish  to 
express  our  gratitude. 

To  our  Customers  for  their  recognition  and 
support  and  our  Competitors  for  their  pro- 
gressiveness — invaluable  incentives  to  merit 
the  good- will  of  all. 

To  our  Employees  —  loyal  and  staunch, 
many  of  whom  have  been  with  us  over 
forty  years. 

To  our  Founder  for  his  ideals,  inspiration, 
and  steadfast  adherence  to  the  highest 
standard  of  quality  and  service  during  his 
entire  fifty  years  as  head  of  our  Company. 

And  to«all  those  who  have  helped  create  the 
enviable  reputation  which  the  Company  en- 
joys today,  we  are  grateful  on  our  Fiftieth 
Anniversary. 

HERMAN  BEHR  &  CO.,  Inc. 

BROOKLYN  BOSTON  CHICAGO  ST.  LOUIS 

SAN  FRANCISCO    GRAND  RAPIDS 

TORONTO   LONDON 


I 


Hit"! 

...iiilflfrF11 


'August  7*h  I £72 


^nVentorsand^e 
Jytanufacturen  i 

Sandpaper 


Good  Lookin 


Fou  can  recommend  Ruberoid 
>trip-shingles  for  any  job  where 
lome  owners  want  something  of 
ligher  quality  than  the  average  and 
getter  looking.  You  can  be  sure 
)f  satisfying  them  when  you  use 
Ruberoid  Strip -shingles,  because 
hese  shingles  combine  the  highest 
veather-proof  qualities  with  attrac- 
ive  appearance. 

luberoid  Strip-shingles  are  unu- 
ually  thick,  imparting  an  appear- 
nce  of  massiveness  and  solidity  to 
'  he  roof,  which  greatly  adds  to  its 
ttractiveness.  They  are  of  Ruber- 


oid quality  through  and  through, 
which  means  they  are  made  of  the 
highest  grade  materials  and  in  the 
best  way. 

There  is  only  one  test  for  roofing — 
actual  use.  The  felt,  saturant  and 
coating  of  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles 
have  successfully  stood  this  test  for 
thirty  years. 

Ask  your  building-supply  or  lum- 
ber dealer  about  Ruberoid  Strip- 
shingles  and  obtain  a  folder  in 
color,  illustrating  the  many  attrac- 
tive designs  in  which  these  shingles 
may  be  laid. 


The  RUBEROID  Co. 

95   Madison  Avenue,   New  York 


Chicago 


Boston 


HINGLESand  roofing 


(xor  Everlasting  CconomyJ 

Carpenters  Make  Extra  Money 


Many  carpenters  add  to  their 
incomes  by  "selling"  Oak  Floor- 
ing, as  they  go  from  job  to  job. 
That  is,  when  they  meet  a  pros- 
pective builder  they  tell  him 
nbout  the  advantages  of  Oak 
Flooring  and  get  him  to  let  them 
put  it  in. 

The  particular  advantage  car- 
penters have  lies  in  the  fact  that 
they  are  likely  to  find  prospects 
before  anyone  else  finds  them. 
The  laying  of  %-inch  Oak  Floor- 


ing over  old,  worn  floors,  a  prac- 
tice which  is  growing  steadily, 
gives  the  best  opportunity. 

The  plan  will  not  interfer  • 
with  your  work.  The  money  yoii 
make  will  be  a  welcome  addition 
to  your  pay  envelope. 

So  talk  it  over  with  your  best 
friend  among  lumber  dealers,  or 
write  for  our  three  free  booklets, 
which  give  you  the  information 
necessary  for  you  to  become  a 
conmetent  Oak  Flooring  salesman. 


OAK  FLOORING  ADVERTISING  BUREAU 

1051  Ashland  Block,  Chicago,  111. 


*>*  nk@  ^ 


:g.  c.  s.  pat.  oft. 


SPLENDID 
OPPORTUNITY 

FOR 

CARPENTERS 


We  want  the  names  and  addresses  of  carpenters  and  contractors  who  wish  to  build  up 
a  profitable  business  in  roofing — roof  repairing — sleeping  porch  work  etc. 
The  use  of  our  product  BAYOXXE  ROOF  &  DECK  CLOTH  on  the  roofs  and  floors  of 
piazzas,   sun   parlors   etc.,   means  a   satisfied   customer  who  will  not  onlv   give   you  his 
worn,  but  will  also  refer  his  friends  to  you. 

One  unsatisfactory  job  means  perhaps  many  customers  lost.     The  use  of  "BAYONNE" 
means  a  satisfactory  job  which  leads  to  new  customers  and  an  increasing  business. 
Send  us  your  name  and  address  and  we  will  mail  you  samples  with  full  particulars  and 
directions  for  laving.     Ask  for  sample  hook  "T." 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO., 

Established   1S60 

112-114  DUANE  ST.  NEW     YORK 

BRANCH  202-204  MARKET  ST„  ST.  LOUIS 


INC. 

70-72  READE  ST.f 


No.  10  &  11  come  in 
2",  4",  5",  6",  8", 
10"  and  12"  blades. 
No.  15  comes  in  2", 
3",  4".  5",  6",  and 
8"  blades. 

No.  15  has  the  handy 
knurled  washer  for 
starting  wobbly 
screws  with  thumb 
and  forefinger  while 
hand  steadies  the 
driver.  '  Diameter  of 
blade,   3-16". 


like  wmdinguour 


"YANKEE" 

Ratchet  Screw-drivers 

Once  the  blade  of  the  "Yankee"  Ratchet 
screw-driver  is  inserted  in  the  screw  slot, 
you  just  turn  the  handle  back  and  forth. 
No  tiresome  grip-and-let-go  movement  of 
the  fingers.  You  never  shift  your  first  good 
grip  until  the  screw  is  driven  home.  You 
drive  more  screws ;  you  save  time  and  labor. 
A  push  of  the  ratchet  shifter  gives  right  or 
left  ratchet  movement;  or  rigid  adjustment. 

Some  other  "Yankee"  Tools 

Quick     R  e  t  u  r  n      Ratchet  Hand 


Spiral    Ratchot 
Screw-  drivers 
Plain  Screw -driv- 
ers,  1%   to  :;<) 
inch   blades. 


Drills 
Ratchet     Breast 

Drills 
Automatic    Push 

Drills 


*t 


Write  for  Free  Tool  Book 

Illustrates   and    describes    fill    I  ho   ingenious 

"Yankee"  Tools  for  saving  time  and   labor. 

Dealers  everywhere  sell  "YANKEE"  Tools 

North  Bros.  Mfg.  Co.  ,  Philadelphia 

Y&NKEE~T00LS 

<ftlake  Better  9neckanic* 


A  New  Millers  Falls  Tool 
for  Carpenters 

Ratchet  Screw  Driver 
No.  63 

Ask  your  dealer  to  show  you  the 
new  Millers  Falls  Ratchet  Screw 
Driver  No.  63.  You  will  like  the 
way  it  looks  and  the  way  it  works. 
You  will  recognize  instantly  that 
here  is  a  tool  that  will  do  every- 
thing you  expect  of  a  screw  driver. 

The  ratchet,  which  is  the  principal 
working  part  of  the  tool,  is  of  sim- 
ple construction,  and  for  this  rea- 
son unusually  strong.  It  operates 
smoothly,  noiselessly  and  without 
friction.  Almost  impossible  for  it 
to  get  out  of  order. 

Ratchet  pawls  are  tool  steel.  Ratch- 
et springs — spring  steel.  Ratchet 
frame — cold  rolled  steel.  Blade  — 
highest  quality  screw  driver  steel, 
hardened  and  tempered. 

Handle  —  hardwood,  highly  pol- 
ished. Shaped  to  conform  to  hand. 
Thumb  rest  at  lower  end. 

Exposed  metal  parts  polished  and 
nickel  plated. 

Lengths :  3  in.,  4  in.,  5  in. 

MILLERS  FALLS  COMPANY 

MILLERS  FALLS,  MASS. 

Manufacturers  of  Carpenters'  Tools,  Hack 
Saws  and  Automobile  Tools 


MILLERS  FALL5 

IDDL5 


1868 


"Doiit  tell  me 

%     you  never  had  a  chance!" 


"TT^OUR  years  ago  you  and  I 
jl  worked  at  the  same  bench. 
We  were  both  discontented.  Re- 
member the  noon  we  saw  the 
International  Correspondence 
Schools'  advertisement  ?  That 
woke  me  up.  I  realized  that  to 
get  ahead  I  needed  special  train- 
ing, and  I  decided  to  let  the  I.  C.  S. 
help  me.  When  I  marked  the 
coupon  I  asked  you  to  sign  with 
me.    You  said,  'Aw,  forget  it!' 

"I  made  the  most  of  my  oppor- 
tunity and  have  been  climbing 
ever  since.  You  had  the  same 
chance  I  had,  but  you  turned  it 
down.  No,  Jim,  you  can't  expect 
more  money  until  you've  trained 
yourself  to  handle  bigger  work." 


Right  now  over  one  hundred 
thousand  men  are  preparing 
themselves  for  bigger  jobs  and 
better  pay  through  I.C.S.  courses. 

You  can  join  them  and  get  in 
line  for  promotion.  Mark  and 
mail  the  coupon,  and  find  out  how. 

—  —""—■  —  "—■■TEAR  OUT  HEBE  —  — -  I  —  — 

INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS 

BOX  8838  SCRANTON.  PA. 

Explain,  without  obligating  me,  how  I  can  qualify  for  the 
position,  or  in  the  subject,  before  which  I  mark  X. 


There  are  lots  of  "Jims"  in  the 
world — in  stores,  factories, 
offices,  everywhere.  Are  you  one 
of  them?  Wake  up!  Every  time 
you  see  an  I.  C.  S.  coupon  your 
chance  is  staring  you  Jn  the  face. 
Do  n't  turn  it  down. 


□  ARCHITECT 

B  Architectural  Draftsman 
Contractor  and  Builder 
3  Building  Foreman 
J  Concrete  Builder 
3  Structural  Engineer 
3  Structural  Draftsman 
3  Ship  Draftsman 
3  Plumber  and  Steam  Fitter 
3  Heating  and  Ventilation 
J  Plumbing  Inspector 

B  Foreman  Plumber 
Sheet  Metal  Worker 
3  CIVIL  ENGINEER 
3  Surveying  and  Mapping 
3  ELEOTKIOAL  ENGINEEH 

B  Electric  Lighting  and  Itya. 
Electric  Wiring 
3  Telegraph  Engineer 
3  Telephone  Work 
~1  MECHANICAL  ENGINEEH 
3  Mechanical  Draftsman 
J  Toolmaker 
3  Machine  Shop  Practice 
3  CHEMIST 
3  Pharmacy 

Name 


3  Navigation 

3  SALESMANSHIP 

J  ADVERTISING 

3  Window  Trimmer 

3  Show  Card  and  Sign  Palming: 

3  BUSINESS  MANAGEMENT 

_  Private  Secretary 

3  Business  Correspondent 

3  BOOKKEEPER 

3  Stenographer  and  Typist 
Higher  Accounting 
COMMERCIAL  LAW 
Common  School  Subjects 
Mathematics 

_  GOOD  ENGLISH 

3  ILLUSTRATING 
Railway  Mail  Cleric 
CIVIL  SERVICE 
MINE  FOREMAN  OR  ENG'B 
Gas  Engine  Operating 
STATIONARY  ENGINEER 
Textile  Overseer  or  Snpt. 
TRAFFIC  MANAGER 
AUTOMOBILES  ID  Spanish 
AGRIOULTURE  In  Teacher 
Poultry  Raising  |Q  Banking 


Occupation 
ft  Employer. 

Street 

and  No.. 


Business 
.Address  _ 


City State 

Canadians  may  send  this  ccmpoii  to  International  Corre- 
spondence Schools  Canadian,  Limited,  Montreal,  Canada 


^/fosis 


CARPENTER- 
QS"ERALL 

OOP 


10  Reasons     1 

why  YOU  should  wear  them! 


"1  Made  of  good  heavy  qual- 

*  ity  drill  with  a  heavy  sail 
duck  swinging  nail  pouch  — 
which  prevents  nails  from 
cutting  through. 

O  S  pecial  safety  watch  pock- 
•"  et  conveniently  located, 

O  Nail  punch  pocket  where 
*-*  you  can  find  it 

A  Nail  pouch  divided  for  4 
■*  sizes  of  nails. 

~  Roomy -cut  front  pockets. 


C.  Widelegsandroomyseat 
^  Full  cut  throughout  dou- 
ble knee. 

H  Rule  pocket  with  slant 
•   top  and  deep  enough  for 
new  style  rule. 
Q  Extra  wide  double  sus- 
0  penders. 

Q  High-back  style,  1-piece 
"-^  protecting  practically  the 
entire  back. 

"I  A  Two  hammer  loops 
*-^J  which  keep  hammer 
from  swinging. 


(;BOSS"  Carpenter  Overalls  are  recognized  as  the 
leading  Carpenter  Overalls  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
by  the  thousands  of  carpenters  who  wear  them. 

If  your  merchant  doesn't  carry  them — get  him  to 
order  you  a  pair,  or  write  us  direct  and  we  will 
send  them  to  him.  If  you  don't  like  them  they 
won't  cost  you  a  cent. 

COHN-GOLDWATER  CO. 

(MAKERS) 

LOS  ANGELES 


Be    a    Weatherstrip    Contractor = Agent 

Building  has  started  all  over  the  country.  From  now 
on  weatherstripping  new  buildings  under  way  and 
equipping  old  ones  before  cold  weather  sets  in  means 
a  big  job  and  a  paying  job  for  the  man  who  wants  to 
roll  up  his  sleeves  and  go  to  work. 

.HAKE  BIG  .MONEY— S 5, 000  per  Year  Easily 

ri—:i  —zzz„tZ-::z  U  :.  .-i:-.~zZ-.~  ~-.-rij  ^lj=  :"  ViiliLL.;  ::..--:■_■.:._  :'-=  feld 
Fa  Doatxact  r-agmte  -  icrowded.  Bofl  .:  _•  owners  are  easily  sold  on  the 
saving  in  fuel  costs,  cleanliness  and  comfort  which  weatherstrip  affords. 

Sales  are  made  easily  and   Allmptal  Weatherstrip  is  easy  to  install. 
DOfTT  PASS  UP  THIS  OPPORTUNITY 

i-1—  i~'-~-  ~'rz:,'\. ;:;;:!  :-  -'_;  =  _"_"_-?:  "::  -_._  ..;  :>r:  :..:_;  lz ~;':;l: -. ::■•  ".'_:".  'z'—'.'l- 
i^r   ;::.::;.::::-    ;■:._.-   ::    :.:    ::=    zili   :.:  ;  1       i-j; 

WRITE    FOR   OUR   CO-OPERATIVE  CELLING   PLAN 

^r    ~:_-ZZ    ~'^--    ~    -'-?-    ~r'-~    '  --      -■'-~'~Z.:'-:z--j.Si-ZS     ZZ     JLr>     Z'r.iZIZ    \ZZZZ.     ZZZll- 

Tze=s    Z.-Z.   z~z~zi=^    :::.::.:::    Z--^z.~    z±z.l   zzz^zz  Z:zi:z.    ~:    is.sIst    i^i    -'■-=--,"--  ^       xbe 
weatherstrip  man  can  start  to  produce  as  soon  as  he  decides  to  go  Into  the 


Get  in  on  the  ground  floor.  Ths 
buying   season    is   at   hand. 

Send   for  our  proposition   now. 


Allmetal  Weatherstrip  Company 


124  West  Kinzie  St., 
CHICAGO 


Nicholson  Files 

put  a  keen  edge  on  saw  teeth 

It's  no  trick  at  all  to  put  a  keen  cutting  edge  on  saw 
teeth  with  a  Nicholson  File.  They  are  time  and  labor 
savers,  as  thousands  of  expert  carpenters  will  testify. 

Whether  hand  saw  or  cross-cut  blade — hard  steel  or 
soft — Nicholson  Files  bite  into  the  metal  at  the  first 
stroke. 

There's  a  Nicholson  File  for  every  purpose — use 
them  for  dependable  results. 


Nicholson  Fili 


^ 


PROWiDINCt 


9    llr'S  a  B  •  9    ^SP  •  '*&'  e  ^^« 


Send    for    This 

FREE  Trial  Lesson 


Train  in 
Spare 
Time 


Plan 
Reading 

If  you  are  ii'sii 
bitioustom  '" 
more  money, 
you  liius.  j,e: 
the  training 
that  will  make 
you  worth  more 
Its  the  man  who 
best  uses  his  head  that  becomes  Fore- 
man and  Superintendent  or  who  gets 
the  most  business  as  a  Contractor. 
This  free  lesson  will  show  you  how  to 
easily  become  a  building  expert — how 
you  can  command  a  larger  income. 
Not  a  penny  to  send  for  it,  only  the 
coupon.  Mail  it  today. 
Here  we  give  you  simply  an  outline  of  our 
courses  to  show  the  ground  they  cover.  Our 
catalogs    rive    complete   information. 

Pay  Raising  Knowledge  for 
Men  in  ths  Building  Trade  3 

Plan  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan. 
How  to  read  dimensions.  How  to  ictu  u  - 
tail  drawings.  How  to  lay  out  work  fiom 
plans  and  specifications.  How  to  stake  out 
buildings.  Practice  in  reading  complete  blue 
print  plans  from  basement  to  roof,  etc.,  etc. 
Plans  of  brick  building  fully  explained. 

Estimating-.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of 
materials.  Estimating  time  and  labor.  How 
to  figure  brick  work.  All  about  cost  of  ex- 
cavations, concrete  work,  etc.  Brick  and 
stone  construction.  Concrete.  Lathing  and 
plastering.  Fireproofjng.  Glazing. .  Plumb- 
ing.     Heating.      Wiring,    etc.,    etc. 

Superintending.  Method    of    work    on    all 

classes  buildings.  Uses  and  preparation  of 
all  kinds  of  material.  Hiring  and  handling  men. 
Also  Special  Courses  in  Architectural  Draft- 
ing for  Carpenters  and  in  Plumbing,  Hsating 
and  Ventilation,  all  taught  by  practical  men 

Mail  the  Coupon-Today 

All  you  Lave  to  do  to  get  the  Free  Lesson 
and  full  information  about  Chicago  "Tech" 
training  is  put  X  in  the  coupon  to  show 
which  subject  interests  you — then  mail  it. 
No  obligation  on  you  for  asking  this — no 
promise.  We  gladly  send  it  all  free.  So 
send  the  'I'linon — now. 

CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE, 

839  Chicago   '-Tech"   Building,   Chicago. 
Without    obligation    on    me    please    send     Free    Trial 
Lesson    on    the   course   I   have   marked    X   below. 

i    ]       rian  Reading  and  Estimating. 
|  Architectural  Drafting. 


j- o'c'k's      a  n  d  "    "h"~a""r  o  w  a"  b  if 


Name     

Address     

Post  OlBce   State. 

Occupation     


THE   KIND   OF  TOOLS   GOOD 

WORKMEN  USE 

The  pride  a  man  takes  in 
his  kit  is  wholly  justifiable 
when  his  tools  are  Sargent. 
In  design,  in  materials  and 
in  finish  they  live  up  to  the 
Sargent  reputation  for  the 
truest  and  best  in  tools  and 
hardware.  And  they  have, 
besides,  exclusive  features 
that  will  save  you  time  and 
make  your  work  more  satis- 
factory. 

Sargent  Auto-Set  Bench  Planes 
make  it  possible  to  remove  the 
blade  for  sharpening  and  then  to 
replace  it  at  the  same  angle  with- 
out readjustment. 

Ask  for  detailed  information 
about  these  labor  saving  .tools. 
No  obligation  on  your  part. 

Sargent  &   Company 

Hardware  Manufacturers 
55    Water  Street 


New    Haven,    Conn. 


AUTO-SET     BENCH 

PLANES  are  suitable 
for  heavy  and  light 
cuis.  Made  in  six 
sizes — smooth  or  cor- 
rugated   bottom. 


Hie   PI 
keeps 


Cross      section     of 
hammer      showing 
how      the      Plumb 
Take-up  Wedge  ex- 
pands wood  against 
eye  all  the  way  in. 
IMumb  Hammer 
$1.50 
(except    in    Far   West 
and  in  Canada) 


)  Take-up  Wedge 
le  handle  tight 

YOU  need  never  cut  and  drive  a  new  wedge 
to  re-tighten  a  hammer  handle — if  your 
hammer  is  a  Plumb._  With  a  turn  of  the 
screw,  the  Plumb  Take-up  Wedge  keeps  the 
handle  always  tight. 

The  Plumb  wedging  principle  is  entirely 
new — patent  pending.  Other  wedges  provide 
no  ready  means  of  re-tightening  the  handle 
when  it  shrinks  and  works  loose.  The  Plumb 
Take-up  Wedge  takes  up  the  slack :  the  cone 
shape  expands  the  handle  tightly  against  all 
sides  of  the  eye,  all  the  way  in.  The  screw 
threads  prevent  the  wedge  from  flying  out. 

No  nail  hammer  now  is  complete  without 
this  Take-up  Wedge,  and  none  except  a 
Plumb  can  have  it.  Simple,  safe  and  sure,  it 
saves  the  time  and  temper  of  every  carpenter. 

FAYETTE  R.  PLUMB,  Inc.         Philadelphia 


Hammers  Hatchets 
Files  Sledges  Axes 


We  Use  Disston  Files 
On  Disston  Saws— 


DO  YOU? 


P^ISSTON  has  been  making  files  — 
good  files — -for  years.  Some  weigh 
a  tiny  fraction  of  an  ounce.  Others  135 
pounds.  Some  are  for  a  lady's  finger- 
nails. Some  for  gigantic  chunks  of  steel. 

The  supreme  test  of  a  good  file  is  in 
filing  the  teeth  of  saws  —  steel  cutting 
steel.  And  because  we  use  nearly  half  a 
million  files  yearly  in  making  Disston 
saws,  we  have  a  constant  check  on  the 
quality  and  efficiency  of  our  files. 

We  think  our  friends  give  Disston  files 
the  highest  praise  when  they  say  they 
are  as  good  as  "the  saw  most  carpenters 

use." 


HENRY  DISSTON  &  SONS,  Inc. 

PHILADELPHIA,  U.  S.  A. 


The  Disston  "Save.  Tool,  and 
File  Book"  contains  a  wealth 
of  information  that  helps  in 
The  selection,  care  and  use  of 

saws,  tools,  and  files.  Write 
today  to  Desk  I,  and  we  will 
send  yon  a  free  cony  at  once. 


Entered  July  22, 1  SI  5,  at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 

Acceptance  for  mailine  at  sr.eoial   rate  of  nosta?e  Drovided  for  in    Section   1103,   act   of 
October  3.  1917.  authorized  on  July  S.  1918. 


A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  .America,  nt 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 

Established  in   1881 
Vol.  XLII— No.  8 


INDIANAPOLIS,   AUGUST,   1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Tear 
Ten   Cents  a  Copy 


The  Man  Who  Wins 

The  man  who  wins  is  an  average  man, 
Not  built  on  any  particular  plan; 
Nor  blessed  with  any  peculiar  luck — 
Just  steady  and  earnest  and  full  of  pluck. 

When  asked  a  question  he  does  not  "guess"; 
He  knows  and  answers  "No,"  or  "Yes"; 
When  set  a  task  that  the  rest  can't  do 
He  buckles  down  'till  he's  put  it  through. 

So  he  works  and  waits  'till  one  fine  day, 
There's  a  better  job  with  bigger  pay; 
And  the  men  who  shirked  whenever  they  could 
Are  bossed  by  the  man  whose  work  made  good. 

For  the  man  who  wins  is  the  man  who  works, 
Who  neither  labor  nor  trouble  shirks; 
Who  uses  his  hands,  his  head,  his  eyes — 
The  man  who  wins  is  the  man  v/ho  tries. 

—C.  S.  M.  Square  Deal. 


ESMSsacEsai 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


HISTORY  OF  THE  LABOR  MOVEMEN' 


NGLAND 


(From  the  Notes  of  P.  J.  McGuire  in  1877.     Compiled  and  Edited  By 

Frank  Duffy,  General  Secretary  of  the  United  Brotherhood 

of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America.) 


NOTE — In  1S77,  Thompson  H.  Murch, 
General  Secretary  of  the  Granite  Cutters' 
International  Union  of  America,  ran  for 
member  of  Congress  for  Knox  County,  Me., 
and  after  a  hard  fought  battle,  won.  He 
took  his  scat  in  1878.  During  the  campaign 
his  close  and  intimate  friend,  P.  J.  McGuire, 
stumped  the  County  in  his  behalf  and  af- 
terwards gave  a  series  of  lectures  'Way 
down  East'  on  the  labor  movement  of  New 
England. 


HE  history  of  the  labor 
movement  in  New  Eng- 
land forms  a  very  notable 
part  in  the  history  of  the 
labor  movement  in  Amer- 
ica. New  England  in- 
cludes the  states  of  Maine,  Vermont, 
New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Connec- 
ticut and  Rhode  Island.  Being  the  first 
territory  to  develop  manufacturing  in- 
terests in  America,  naturally  it  became 
the  first  field  of  contest  between  capital 
and  labor  in  the  new  world.  Before 
green  1  aekism  was  thought  of,  there  was 
a  labor  movement  in  this  country.  Long 
before  there  was  a  socialistic  movement 
in  Germany,  New  England  was  the  scene 
of  strikes  and  labor  troubles.  Hence,  the 
labor  movement  in  America  is  not  an  im- 
portation from  foreign  soil,  nor  is  it  as 
the  press  proclaims,  "the  work  of  base 
demagogues  and  dangerous  agitators." 
It  is  the  logical  result  and  consequence 
of  well  defined  causes  long  at  work  here 
as  well  as  in  Europe.  These  causes  have 
made  themselves  more  apparent,  and 
have  been  more  severely  felt  within  the 
past  ten  years  than  at  any  former  period. 
The  first  record  of  the  movement  is 
in  Massachusetts  in  182C — more  than 
half  a  century  ago — when  the  question 
of  the  establishment  of  ten  hours  as  a 
day's  work  was  agitated  among  the 
workmen  in  the  building  trades.  In 
1830  several  strikes  for  ten  hours'  work 
took  place  in  Boston,  but  it  was  not  until 
1853  that  the  ten  hour  workday  was 
first  established  in  private  industries, 
although  in  1810  it  became  a  law  on 
Government  works.  Every  year  from 
1825  up  to  the  present  (1877)  the  his- 
tory of  Massachusetts  is  marked  by 
strikes  for  either  less  hours  of  work,  or 
more  pay.     Trade  unions  were  organized 


and  agitation  went  on  for  the  past  fif 
years  and  so  intense  at  times  was  t| 
movement  that  it  attracted  the  attend 
of  many  of  the  leading  men  of  -t 
country. 

In  October,  1830,  Edward  Evere 
then  United  States  Senator  from  Maa 
achusetts,  lectured  before  the  Workin 
men's  Club  in  the  Charlestown  Lyceii 
near  Boston.  Among  other  things, 
said:  "If  man  is  by  nature  a  world 
being,  it  would  follow  that  a  Workin 
men's  Party  is  founded  in  the  very  pri 
ciples  of  our  nature ;  hence,  a  Workin 
men's  Party  is  necessary  and  must  su 
sist  in  all  civilized  countries  to  the  e| 
of  all  time." 

The     following    February      (1831) 
Workingraen's    Convention   was   held  I 
Boston,      and     there     an      organizatkj 
known   as   "The  New   England  Associ 
tion  of  Farmers,   Mechanics  and  Wor 
ingmen"   was  formed.      This  associatijj 
met  again  in  Convention  at  Boston  fl 
September  ..,  1832.     Seventy-three  d< '; 
cgates    were    present    end    all    the   Ne 
England    States,    except   Vermont,    wc| 
represented.     At  this  Convention  the  f<jj ' 
lowing    platform    of    political    prineipl 
was  drawn  up  and  adopted : 

1.  Organization  throughout  New  En 
land,  with  a  Central  Committee  for  ea|. 
state. 

2.  A  cheap  and  simple  plan  for  t) 
institution  of  lyceums,  or  institutes. 

3.  A    reform    in    the    present    mili 
system,  so  as  to  make  it  less  burdenson 
to  the  laboring  classes. 

4.  Consideration  of  the  expedient 
of  a  National  Convention  of  Workin 
men. 

5.  The  consideration  of  the  ten-ho 
system,  and  whether  it  is  expedient  f 
this  Convention  to  make  its  adoption  1 
their  associates  indispensible,  or  to  lea1, 
it  to  the  discretion  of  the  various  ass| 
ciations  in  New  England. 

6.  The  effect  of  banking  institutioi 
and  other  monopolies  on  the  conditic 
of  the  laboring  classes. 

7.  The  improvement  of  the  presei 
system  of  education  among  the  peopl 
and  particularly  the  recommendation  J 
such  legislative  enactments  in  relatic 
to  the  internal  economy  of  factories,  t 


THE     CARPENTER 


15 


1  insure  to  the  operatives  therein  a 
npetent  degree  of  instruction,  corres- 
iding  to  that  already  enforced 
oughout  New  England  by  its  ancient 
1  approved  system  of  school  legisla- 
i. 

$.    The  expediency   of  recommending 
abolition  of  imprisonment  for  debt, 
!  the  adoption  of  a  National  Bankrupt 
v. 

>.  The  extension  of  the  right  of 
:  'rage  in  states  where  the  people  are 
v  denied  its  essential  privileges. 
JO.  The  expediency  of  a  Lien  Law  in 
for  of  journeymen  mechanics, 
special  committees  were  appointed  on 
i  onstitiition,  official  organ,  resolutions 

<  ressive  of  the  views  of  the  Conven- 
ii  on  the  leading  topics  of  eonsidera- 

l,  landed  interest,  taxation,  co-oper- 
re  trading,  report  of  the  doings  of  the 
Invention,  for  the  press,  and  to  pre- 
)'e  an  address  to  the  workingmen  of 
Iv  England. 

j  Hiring  the  Convention  a  letter  was 
1  from  the  workingmen  of  New  York 
7  to  the  workingmen  of  the  United 
tes.  The  next  Convention  of  the  as- 
ation  met  in  Northampton,  in  the 
Jiinecticut  Valley,  the  latter  part  of 
tember,  1S34. 

>n  January    21,    1834,    a   meeting   to 

n  a  General  Trades  Union  was  held 

he  Boston  Common  Council  room  and 

>mmittee  was  appointed  to  carry  the 

into  effect.     In   March  a  Constitu- 

was  submitted  and  ratified  by  the 

les.      On    the    Fourth    of    July,    this 

eral   Union    had    2,000    men    in    line 

tarade,  and  held  a  great  banquet  in 

evening  in  Fanned  Hall. 

i  1833,   1834  and  1S35  a  Working- 

i's  Party    existed   in    Massachusetts, 

aecticut,    Rhode    Island,    Maine    and 

'  Hampshire   and   nominated   candi- 

I*  'R  for  Governor  and  other  state  offi- 

Between  1S30  and   1S40  the  well 

rtTn  abolitionist,  Rev.  William  Ellery 

lining,  delivered  many  addresses  and 

i'  ires  on  the  elevation  of  the  working 

<  >le.     In  one  he  said : 

jWe  do  not  find  that  civilization  has 
ijtened  men's  toils;  as  yet  it  has  hi- 
ssed them,  and  in  this  I  see  the  sign 
|i  deep  defect  in  what  we  call  the 
"jrress  of  society." 

|>  1836,   the   Chairman   of  the   Corn- 
Education  Committee  of  the  Mass- 
isetts  Legislature  spoke  of  "the  con- 
t   inducement    to    manufacturers    to 


I  loy    female    labor   and    the   labor   of 


children  to  the  exclusion  of  men's  labor, 
because  they  can  be  had  cheaper." 

In  1837,  Massachusetts  instituted  in- 
quiries concerning  the  production  in  in- 
dustry of  the  population.  Up  to  this 
time  the  labor  movement  had  been  mak- 
ing headway  throughout  all  New  Eng- 
land. The  factory  system  with  its  many 
attendant  evils ;  the  long  hours  of  labor 
extending  from  66  to  84  of  steady, 
grinding,  monotonous  labor  each  week ; 
the  employment  of  women  and  children 
in  competition  with  men ;  the  lack  of 
factory  laws  in  the  interest  of  the  work- 
ing people — helped  to  contribute  to  the 
growth  of  the  movement. 

After  continued  agitation  to  gain  the 
ten-hour  day,  President  Van  Buren,  in 
1S40,  directed  by  proclamation  that  all 
public  works  should  be  run  on  the  ten- 
hour  system.  This  was  soon  followed  by 
the  introduction  of  ten  hours  in  the  ship 
building  trades,  and  in  1853  the  ten 
hours  as  a  day's  work  was  accepted  by 
all  trades.  This,  however,  did  not  affect 
the  factory  operatives,  who  had  been 
previously  working  13  hours  a  day  in 
many  instances. 

In  1842  Massachusetts  passed  a  law 
limiting  the  hours  of  labor  of  children 
under  twelve  years  to  ten  a  day.  This 
came  in  response  to  the  active  efforts  of 
Horace  Mann,  Boston's  great  philan- 
thropist. 

In  1852  extensive  trade  disturbances 
in  the  shape  of  strikes  and  demands  for 
higher  wages  took  place  throughout  the 
country,  including  New  England.  The 
cause  of  this  was  the  rise  in  the  price  of 
provisions,  clothing,  etc.,  consequent  up- 
on the  discovery  of  gold  in  California. 

From  that  time  until  the  Civil  War  in 
1861,  the  progress  of  the  labor  move- 
ment was  marked  by  several  strikes,  the 
enactment  of  only  a  few  laws — very  few 
in  the  interest  of  labor — and  a  general 
quietude  among  the  working  people  in 
regard  to  their  rights,  redeemed  only 
here  and  there  by  attempts  made  to 
organize.  This  quietude  may  be  attri- 
buted to  the  fact  that  popular  attention 
was  directly  attracted  to  the  monstrous 
evils  of  slavery,  and  all  the  energies  of 
the  people  were  bent  upon  its  destruc- 
tion. But  with  the  war  came  a  change. 
The  increased  cost  of  living,  the  great 
demand  for  all  classes  of  labor,  the  in- 
equality of  pay  in  comparison  with  the 
cost  of  living,  and  the  prosperity  and 
luxury  of  the  moneyed  and  trading 
classes    who    lived   by    speculation  —  all 


16 


THE     CARPENTER 


helped  to  excite  the  working  classes  and 
fan  the  flames  of  discontent  throughout 
the  country,  causing  them  to  organize 
for  self-protection.  New  England  played 
an  important  part  in  this  movement. 
Union  after- union  of  the  different  trades 
"was  formed.  Debates  of  the  most  in- 
tense interest  and  earnestness  took  place 
in  these  unions.  The  discussions  turned 
mainly  upon  the  causes  of  the  poverty  of 
the  working  people  and  its  remedy. 
Finally,  the  eight-hour  workday  com- 
manded a  great  deal  of  attention.  Agi- 
tation to  obtain  it  was  commenced. 
Massachusetts,  foremost  as  ever  in  the 
cause  of  human  freedom,  appointed  a 
committee  of  five  to  inquire  into  the 
subject  of  a  reduction  of  the  hours  of 
labor.  The  result  was  the  regulation  by 
statute  law  of  the  hours  of  labor  in  that 
state  for  children  only. 

The  years  1863.  1864  and  I860  were 
marked  by  repeated  strikes  and  by  rapid 
and  tremendous  organizations  among 
workingmen.  Labor  papers  were  started 
and  Workingmen*s  Lyceums  instituted. 
In  1864  an  evening  paper,  "The  Voice."' 
was  published  in  Boston  by  the  trades 
union.  It  had  a  circulation  of  4.000. 
The  formation  of  the  Xational  Labor 
Union  at  Baltimore.  August  20.  1S66. 
had  a  tendency  to  assist  the  growth  of 
the  Labor  Beforrn  Party,  already  organ- 
ized in  New  England,  and  which  very 
soon  afterwards  showed  its  power.  It 
managed  to  secure  a  number  of  repre- 
sentatives in  various  State  Legislatures 
in  1865.  1866  and  1867. 

In  1S6 7  there  was  an  energetic  agi- 
tation among  the  factory  help  of  New 
England  for  a  reduction  of  the  hours  of 
labor  and  for  labor  legislation  gener- 
ally. Connecticut  passed  an  eight-hour 
law  that  same  year  and  it  was  signed  by 
the  Governor  on  June  28.  The  Legis- 
lature of  that  state  in  1877  repealed  it. 
It  never  practically  amounted  to  any- 
thing, as  it  was  never  respected  by  either 
employers  or  working  people. 

In  1867  the  shoemakers  organized  in 
Milwaukee.  Wis.,  under  the  name  of  the 
"Knights  of  St.  Crispin/'  This  organi- 
zation soon  spread  to  the  East.  It  had 
40.000  members  in  good  standing  in 
1869  in  the  state  of  Massachusetts. 
This  immense  force  was  shortly  after- 
wards used  independently  in  politics  un- 
til the  "Crispins"  alone  had  over  30  rep- 
resentatives in  the  Massachusetts  Legis- 
lature. They  had  a  powerful  organiza- 
tion  of  women  worker-,    known    as   the 


"Daughters  of  St.   Crispin."      The  lc< 
of   organization    among   the   worker  oi 
Massachusetts  at  that  time  account- :*o: 
the  many  laws  in  Massachusetts  inh< 
interest  of  labor,  while  other  New  1  %■ 
land    States   had   barely   any    to   pn  jj 
the  working  people.     But  victor: 
serve   to   make   the  victors   forgetfv  k 
;he  importance  of  vigilance,   and  sue- 
times  make  apathetic  those  wh 
most  jealously  guard  their  laur^-. 
so  it  was  with  the  labor  movemeu  01 
that  time.     The  "Crispins"  died  out  in 
were  almost  extinct  in  1873.     The  .- ;,- 
is  true  of  other  organizations. 

On  June  24.  1868.  the  national  ei  it 
hour  law  was  passed  by  Congress.  \-i. 
del  Philipps  gave  all  the  assistant  h 
could  in  favor  of  it. 

In  1869  the  Labor  Reform  Part  0 
Massachusetts  polled  over  21.000  uei 
for  E.  H.  Chamberlin  for  Govern' 
Massachusetts.  In  1869  the  Burea  01 
Labor.  State  of  Massachusetts,  ware* 
tablished.  A  similar  bureau  was  e-ib 
lished  in  Connecticut  in  1873.  and  ;  oi- 
l-died in  IS 74.  after  a  little  over  a  y  n 
existence. 

The  State  of  Massachusetts  gave  b< 
ten-hour  system  in  1S74.  after  persi-m 
agitation  on  the  part  of  the  factory  r- 
eratives.  This  law  affected  women  ml 
children  only,  but  these  employ 
stituted  such  a  large  element  in  ton  ilj 
help  that  it  did  not  pay  to  run  more  an 
ten  hours  for  the  men. 

After  the  decline  of  the  trade- 
movement   in    1873.    the    "Soverign  oi 
Industry"   came  into  existence  and  4i 
their  mark  in  the   field   of  labor,     to 
"Soverigns    of  Industry"    were  first  >r- 
ganized    in    Springfield.    Mass..    in 
uary.   1874.   and  in  less  than  two  y  rs 
numbered  12.077  members  in  that  ■  tJ 
alone.       They    spread    throughout 
England    and    the    greater    part    of  to 
country  in  a  short  time,  but  tin 
declined.     With  the  advent  of  hard  t  -v 
caused  by  the  stagnation  of  trade.  I" 
advanced  thinkers  among  the  w 
men  of  New  York  met  on  July  4.  1  4 
and  formed  new  organizations  more  <i 
ical    and    more    sweeping    than    the 
These  organizations  became 
and  parcel  of  the  Workingmen's  P; 
and  in  a  short  time  made  rapid 
in  many  directions,  considering  the  -" 
Acuities  they  had  to  contend  with. 

Taking   ill  these  things  into  ci 
arion.     surely    the    labor    nioveinei:: 
those    days    was    not   the   delusion   1  :i 


THE     CARPENTER 


17 


>w  rattle-brained  crack-headed  fanat- 
•s.  If  it  were,  it  could  not  have  had 
ich  a  following,  nor  would  it  make  the 
rogress  it  did,  nor  would  it  have  so 
loeli  opposition  from  all  sides.  Its  con- 
emnation  would  be  written  on  its  face 
it  were  an  "absurd  movement"  as  it 
as  often  been  called.  There  must  have 
cen  something-  else  behind  it.  The 
boring  men  of  those  days  were  the 
sal  reformers;  they  were  the  first  to- 
enounce  chattel  slavery  and  capital 
uoishment;  the  first  to  call  attention 
i  the  displacement  of  laborers  by  the 
(traduction  of  labor  saving  machinery, 
hey  were  among  the  first  to  demand  a 


better  system  of  education,  and  a  bet- 
ter banking  system.  They  were  opposed 
to  special  privileges.  They  looked  upon 
special  privileges  as  a  violation  of 
equality ;  upon  arbitrary  rule  as  a  viola- 
tion of  liberty ;  upon  egotism  as  a  viola- 
tion of  fraternity. 

They  are  entitled  to  a  lot  of  credit. 
We  appreciate  what  they  have  done. 
The  generations  to  come  will  thank 
them.  If  the  future  historian  forgets 
them,  we  will  not.  Their  efforts  are  here 
recorded  as  a  monument  to  their  memory. 

(Note — The  title  to  the  foregoing  art- 
icle should  be  "History  of  the  Labor 
Movement  of  NEW  England.") 


'<CAMP  ROOSEVELT— 

HE  thinking  men  and  wo- 
men of  today  are  ever  on 
the  lookout  for  ways  and 
means  by  which  they  can 
best  develop  their  chil- 
dren, morally  as  well  as 
icntally  and  physically.  They  are 
raring  to  a  realization  of  the  fact  that 
le  future  success  in  life  of  their  chil- 
ren  depends  upon  the  early  training  in 
lought,  action  and  deed  which  the 
[jildren  receive. 

To  develop  our  boys  into  citizens  of 

Jie  highest  type  should  be  the  aim  and 

imbition  of  our  educational  institutions. 

[he  advances  made  in  the  past  few  years 

(ave  been  so  great  as  to  be  almost  in- 

■>mprehensible.       Educators    have    long 

>lt.    however,    that    the    long    summer 

acation  is  a  void  in  the  life  of  each  and 

very  boy,  and  that  this  void  should  be 

lied  with  health-building,  activities  and 

'.oral   surroundings    that   will   make   of 

ich  boy  a  better  man. 

It  has  remained  for  the  Chicago  Board 

f  Education  to  introduce  to  the  whole 

ountry  an  avenue  for  the  accomplish- 

lent  of  this   noble   purpose.      Realizing 

lat  if  we  would  have  men  of  the  right- 

ras  sort,  we  must  start  with  the  boy, 

nd  believing  that  close  personal  contact 

ith  the  boy,  under  surroundings  where 

e   will    put    forth    every    endeavor    to 

oiulate  the  example  of  his  leaders  will 

elp   to   accomplish    this,    Major   E.    L. 

eals,  U.   S.  A.,   succeeded  in  founding 

;   great  playground — an  Olympian  field 

I  —to    carry    out    this    project.       Major 

I  eals  is   Professor   of   Military    Science 

ad  Tactics  and  Supervisor  of  Physical 

ducation    in   the    Chicago    public    high 

?h©ols  during  the  winter  months. 

i   The   playground   is  located   near   La- 


BUILDER  OF  BOYS" 

Porte,  Ind.,  sixty-five  miles  from  Chi- 
cago, and  is  named  in  honor  of  that 
great  statesman  and  soldier,  Theodore 
Roosevelt.  It  is  situated  on  a  beautiful 
plain,  Availed  in  by  wooded  hills,  and  is 
famous  for  its  beauty  and  sanitary  con- 
ditions. 

Three  divisions,  the  summer  school, 
the  R.  O.-T.  C,  and  the  Junior  Camp, 
afford  the  boy  plenty  of  choice  in  the 
matter  of  courses.  The  summer  school 
is  one  of  the  important  correlative  fea- 
tures of  the  camp,  for  it  combines  with 
the  academic  courses,  thorough  instruc- 
tion in  printing,  wood-working,  and  au- 
tomobile construction.  The  course  in 
camp  carpentry  is  one  of  the  most  at- 
tractive, as  well  as  the  most  extensive, 
in  scope.  The  responsibility  to  educate 
the  youth  from  the  practical  viewpoint 
is  fully  discharged  in  the  formation  of 
small  classes,  with  competent,  practical 
instructors  ever  ready  to  guide  and  in- 
struct. The  lads  plan  and  model  their 
designs.  It  will  be  scon,  on  account  of 
residence  at  the  school,  somewhat  longer 
hours  are  available  for  classes,  making 
more  intensive  work  possible,  which  re- 
sults in  the  completion  in  the  six  weeks' 
period  of  school  work  usually  requiring 
eight  weeks. 

It  is  felt  that  the  camp  which  is  made 
accessible  from  a  financial  standpoint, 
which  opens  its  gates  to  the  under- priv- 
ileged lad  as  well  as  his  more  fortunate 
brother,  is  the  ideal  conclusion  of  the 
boy's  summer  vacation  question.  The 
camp  which  uniforms  each  boy  in 
khaki,  thereby  placing  all  on  equal  foot- 
ing and  giving  each  boy  a  chance  to 
prove  his  own  merit,  is  the  one  which 
best  teaches  training  in  democracy. 
Democracy    is    but    another    name    for 


IS 


THE     CARPENTER 


I  roadmindedness.  for  tolerance  of  one's 
brother  man.  of  four-squareness.  In 
making  Camp  Roosevelt  a  philanthropic 
undertaking.  Major  Beals  opened  its* 
gates  to  every  clean-cut  American  boy 
who  wishes  to  partake  of  its  opportuni- 
ties. The  necessary  financial  backing 
for  the  camp  is  maintained  by  public- 
spirited  Chicago  business  men.  under  the 
leadership  of  Mr.  Angus  S.  Hibbard.  who 
yearly  donate  the  amount  needed  to 
carry  on  the  splendid  work. 

Camp  Roosevelt  could  not  be  other 
than  a  successful  venture,  having  as  it 
has.  a  man  of  such  sterling  qualities  of 
leadership  and  ability  as  Major  Beals. 
The  life  work  of  Major  Beals  is  to  "make 
of  our  American  boys  better  future  men. 
Lover  and  student  of  boys,  he  lias  splen- 
did  opportunity   throughout   the   year  to 


study  buy  pscyhology.  through  his  coi 
:  u     with     the     public     schools    < 
Chicago. 

Major  Beals  has  under  him  an  effic 
ent  organization,  consisting  of  officei 
and  non-commissioned  officers  of  tb 
Army,  and  including  finally  the  leadei 
among  the  boys  themselves,  who  hav 
won  promotion  through  merit.  The  cam 
is  divided  into  two  periods  of  thrt 
weeks  each.  A  boy  may  attend  eithf 
one  or  both  of  these  periods.  If  he  d( 
sires  to  make  his  summer  school  credi' 
however,  it  is  necessary  to  remain  fc 
the  entire  season. 

The  camp  headquarters  is  at  the  Chi 
cago  Board  of  Education.  460  S.  Stat 
St..  Chicago,  where  full  particulars  ma 

be  obtained. 


CONDITIONS   IN   GREAT   BRITAIN 

(Address  of  Fraternal  Delegate  Herbert  Smith.  From  the  British  Trades 

Congress  to  the  Forty-second  Annual  Convention  of  the  American 

Federation  of  Labor.  Cincinnati,  O.,  June,  1922.) 


British  :.•-.::■■:■:-  ;_-■>  -i:-.oe  -:■:-■- 

armistice  of  1918  gone 
through  one  of  the  great- 
est crisis  in  its  history. 
To  some  extent  this  may 
also  be  true  of  American 
labor.  Unemployment  figures  in  Amer- 
ica are  bigger  than  those  of  Britain.  Al- 
though they  are  less  in  proportion  to  the 
total  population  than  they  are  in  Great 
Britain. 

The  peace  upon  the  battle  field 
through  the  end  of  the  greatest  military 
struggle  in  history  brought  no  peace  in 
industry. 

During  the  war  it  was  believed  that 

the  comradeship  of  the  trenches  would 
be  expressed  in  social  life  when  the  war 
came  to  an  end.  As  both  peer  and  peas- 
ant, aristocrat  and  artizan.  bankers  and 
boiler-maker,  went  over  the  top  to  their 
death.  It  was  hoped  that  those  who 
remained  would  be  enthused  with  a  new 
spirit  of  comradeship,  and  would  jointly 
assist  in  the  reconstruction  of  the  broken 
fabric  of  our  national  life. 

Alas.  No  such  thing  happened.  Busi- 
ness seemed  to  destroy  brotherhood,  and 
last  year  and  the  year  before  more  in- 
dustrial  war   was    experienced  in   Great 

Britain  than  in  many  a  decade  before. 

Employers  seemed  to  take  it  into  then- 
heads   that   even   the   pre-war  privileges 


f.:"-d  those  that  had  been   secured  durm 
the  war  must  be  taken  away. 

They  immediately  commenced  to  ehal 
lenge  the  important  trades  unions  in  th< 
country.  The  challenges  were  accepte< 
and  many  a  bitter  fight  followed  th< 
longest  and  bitterest  of  which  was  tha 
waged  upon  the  miners  of  Great  Britain 

Tremendous  sacrifices  have  beei 
made,  and  much  misery  endured  by  ou) 
working  people  since  191S  and  the  wors: 
has  only  just  been  reached. 

TVe  have  had  our  army  of  uneniployec 
in  the  neighborhood  of  about  two  mil 
lions,  "with  their  families,  making  aboul 
one-eighth  of  the  total  population  of  thf 
country  for  the  last  two  years.  The 
Government  is  responsible  for  starting  a 
movement  for  absorbing  the  unemployed 
by  cutting  down  the  wages  of  the  em- 
ployed, stupidly  believing  that  the  more 
wages  were  reduced  amongst  those  who 
are  employed,  the  quicker  the  wheels  of 
industry  would  turn,  and  the  more  work- 
men would  be  brought  into  production. 
This  is  the  greatest  fallacy  that  the 
British  Government  has  been  responsible 
for  since  the  war.  but  it  has  persisted  in 
it  and  has  been  cleverly  encouraged  and 
assisted  by  the  big  federation  of  employ- 
ers of  labor. 

In  1921  the  workmen  in  Great  Britain 
lost  in  wages  five  hundred  million 
pounds  reduction  per  "week. 


THE    CARPENTER 


10 


The  Government  said  this  was  good, 
t  would  bring  down  the  cost  of  living; 
t  would  cheapen  the  necessities  of  life. 

When  the  purchasing  power  of  those 
vho  are  engaged  in  work  is  reduced  by 
10  or  CO  per  cent,  it  creates  unemploy- 
ment because  these  men  and  their  fam- 
lies  cannot  go  into  the  markets  to  buy 
heir  goods,  the  less  wages  they  earn 
he  less  they  buy,  and  the  unemployed 
.rmy  is  swelled  day  by  day  in  conse- 
quence. 

■  Now  all  this  had  a  very  distressing 
ffect  upon  the  trades  union  movement 
generally  in  Great  Britain.  People  are 
mining  such  poor  wages,  many  of  the 
aembers  of  the  unions  have  failed  to  pay 
heir  dues,  instead  of  representing  here 
bout  six  and«a  half  to  seven  millions  of 
rganized  trades  unionists,  we  may  not 
>e  able  to  boast  of  more  than  four  and 
.  half  to  five  million  trades  unionists. 

The  men  who  have  been  through  the 
ires  and  the  mills  before  are  sticking  to 
heir  trades  union.  The  younger  gener- 
tion,  though  full  of  ideas  and  enthu- 
iasm,  do  not  appear  to  be  equipped  to 
tteet  adversity  and  difficulty  as  are  the 
•lder  and  more  tried  members  of  the 
abor  movement.  They  get  so  easily  dis- 
ppointed.  I  suppose  this  is  the  same  in 
imerica  as  it  is  in  the  old  country.  Most 
f  the  evils  and  much  of  the  depression, 
.owever,  is  due  to  world  situation.  Be- 
ag  an  island  country  we  are  most  sen- 
itive  to  the  influences  that  are  prevail- 
ing in  other  countries. 

We  were  more  and  more  dependent 
;pon  the  rest  of  the  world  as  the  years 
it'ent  by  and  thought  the  great  world  up- 
heaval must  have  its  devastating  effects 


on  all  countries,  it  seems  as  though  they 
had  a  greater  and  more  acute  effect  on 
Great  Britain  than  any  other,  with  per- 
haps the  exception  of  Russia,  but  in  the 
latter  case,  it  was  mostly  political  in 
origin. 

It  is  being  recognized  therefore,  that 
in  these  circumstances  the  British  peo- 
ple must  become  more  and  more  inter- 
national in  their  outlook,  as  far  as  labor 
is  concerned,  and  it  is  only  natural  that 
by  language,  and  by  birth,  they  should 
look  instinctively  to  their  American 
brethren  to  join  with  them  in  such  in- 
ternational movement  as  will  be  of  last- 
ing benefit  to  all  concerned. 

We  think  that  America  is  the  country 
that  will  lead  the  way  in  working  class 
progress. 

She  has  the  natural  gifts.  She  has 
the  land.  She  has  the  intelligence.  If 
her  sons  and  daughters  have  the  will, 
they  can  utilize  these  wonderful  gifts 
to  such  an  extent  as  will  provide  a 
"beacon  light"  which  will  be  readily  fol- 
lowed by  _the  workers  in  other  parts  of 
the  world. 

In  Europe  many  countries  have 
reached  their  zenith. 

Industrially  and  politically  their  sums 
may  have  set  but  there  is  no  reason  why 
their  people  should  go  down  into  poverty 
and  misery,  because  of  the  more  vigor- 
ous developments  of  newer  and  more 
favorably  placed  nations.  The  American 
labor  movement,  like  America  itself,  can 
be  great  and  vast,  but  it  cannot  be  so 
great  as  to  neglect  to  perform  its  part 
in  the  great  world  effort  to  bring  happi- 
ness to  humanity. 


CYPRESS 


N  the  parts  of  the  South 
settled  by  the  Spanish, 
houses  were  generally 
built  of  cypress.  A  cen- 
tury ago  there  were  few 
houses  in  New  Orleans 
?hich  were  not  constructed  wholly  or  in 
>art  of  this  wood,  and  even  outside  of 
be  Spanish  settlements  it  was  exten- 
ively  used.  Cypress  shingles  were  re- 
arded  as  so  much  superior  to  any  others 
hat  their  use  became  extensive  at  a 
ery  early  period.  They  were  easily 
lade  by  hand,  and  were  very  cheap 
■'hen  suitable  timber  was  abundant, 
'hey  were  split  with  mallet  and  frow 
ad     sometimes     shaved     with      draw- 


knives.  The  splitting  was  done  parallel 
with  the  rings  of  annual  growth,  while 
with  white  pine  and  most  other  shingle 
timbers  the  splitting  was  done  perpen- 
dicularly to  the  annula  rings.  As  with 
many  other  woods,  it  is  only  the  heart- 
wood  that  shows  great  durability.  The 
sapwood  lasts  but  a  few  years  when  sub- 
jected to  conditions  favoring  decay.  On 
the  other  hand,  instances  have  been 
cited,  on  what  is  apparently  good  au- 
thority, showing  remarkable  periods  of 
use  for  heart  cypress  shingles.  A  roof 
at  Greenwich,  Conn.,  was  laid  in  1640, 
and  was  said  to  be  serving  well  250 
years  afterwards ;  another  in  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y.,  was  said  to  have  lasted  228  years, 


20 


THE    0  A  it  V  E  $~  T  is  it 


and  another  at  Clifton,  Staten  Island, 
had  200  years  to  its  credit  when  last  re- 
ported, and  was  still  in  use.  Many  in- 
stances of  use  exceeding  a  century  are 
■cited  to  show  the  wood's  lasting  quali- 
ties. This  is  not  only  true  when  used  as 
roofs,  but  for  other  purposes.  New  Or- 
leans cypress  water  mains  remained 
sound  nearly  a  century,  and  a  cypress 
headboard  at  a  grave  in  South  Carolina 
was  so  well  preserved  after  140  years 
that  the  letters  on  it  were  easily  read. 
Marble  and  sandstone  gravestones  often 
decay  and  crumble  in  less  time.  A  still 
longer  period  has  been  claimed  for  cy- 
press coffins  in  Charleston,  S.  C.  It  is 
raid  they  were  found  in  fair  condition 
at  the  time  of  the  earthquake,  though 
they  had  been  in  the  ground  since  1678. 

Along  the  lower  Mississippi  River 
many  plantations  were  once  fenced  with 
cypress.  Some  of  it  was  made  into  rails, 
while  in  other  cases  it  was  used  as  posts 
with  boards  nailed  on.  Undoubtedly  all 
of  these  cases  of  great  durability  repre- 
sent only  heartwood,  and  that  from  ma- 
ture swamp- grown  trees. 

Cypress  seems  to  have  been  one  of 
the  most  important  of  the  southern  ex- 
port woods  very  early  in  the  commer- 
cial history  of  that  region,  though  it 
was  later  replaced  by  white  pine  in  some 
parts  of  the  West  Indies  trade.  A 
•century  ago  the  export  of  cypress 
;shingles  to  the  West  Indies  exceeded 
100,000,000  a  year.  They  were  22  or 
44  in.  long,  and  from  3  to  6  in.  wide.  In 
1808  the  price  in  the  West  Indies  for 
the  large  size  was  from  $8  to  $10  a 
thousand,  and  at  the  shipping  ports 
:  about  half  that. 

Early  builders  in  the  South  preferred 
'cypress  for  door  and  window  frames, 
;sash  and  panels.  Some  of  the  old  brick 
plantation  houses  are  so  finished.  Cab- 
inetmakers selected  it  in  that  region  for 
the  inside  wood  of  mahogany  furniture. 
ISome  of  the  historic  church  doors  in  the 
iSouth  are  of  this  wood. 

Cypress  is  put  to  almost  every  use  as 
:an  interior  trim  for  houses.  It  may 
flbe  finished  in  natural  color  or  stained. 
The  wood  contains  little  resin  and  thus 
affords  a  good  surface  for  paint,  which 
it  holds  well.  It  is  much  used  for  door 
frames,  windows,  frames,  transoms,  ceil- 
ing, wainscoting,  panels,  doors,  sash, 
balusters,  inside  blinds,  brackets,  newel 
posts,  grilles,  mantels,  and  to  some  ex- 
tent for  flooring.     It  is  a  popular  wood 


for  kitchens,  where  it  is  subjected  ( 
dampness  and  heat.  It  shrinks,  swell 
or  warps  but  little,  and  is  used  for  drah 
boards,  sinks,  kitchen  and  pantry  table 
cupboards,  and  kitchen  cabinets.  F( 
the  same  reason  it  is  used  for  brea< 
boards  and  wooden  implements  aboi 
the  pantry,  ironing  boards,  and  clottii 
driers. 

For  the  parts  of  houses  exposed  to  tl 
weather  it  serves  equally  well,  l 
siding  it  practically  wears  out  before 
decays.  When  made  into  porch  ai 
portico  columns  it  retains  its  shap 
holds  paint,  and  has  sufficient  streng 
to  sustain  necessary  loads.  It  is  plae< 
as  cornice,  gutter,  outside  blinds,  pila 
ters,  and  railing,  and  is  much  used  f 
porch  floors  and  steps. 

Much  cypress  lumber  is  employed 
ths>    construction     of    silos    for    stori:; 
gT«-en  feed.     The  farmer  puts  the  wo 
to  many  uses,   in   all  of  which  it  giv 
good  service.      Its  lasting  properties 
it  well  for  curbs,  when  material  is  nee 
ed  that  resists  decay.     Watering  troug 
for    farm    stock    and    feed    troughs 
sheds  and  barns  are  made  of  it ;  like\ 
troughs  or  flumes   for  conveying  wa 
from    wells    or    springs.      Resistance 
decay  fits  it  for  stable  floors  and 
bers    near    the    ground,    as    well    as 
fences,    gates,   and   especially   for  feij 
posts  and  telephone  poles.     It  is  one 
the    best    available    woods    for    pic 
fences,  because  it  shows  paint  well 
holds  it  for  many  years,  but  lasts  a  lo 
time  without  it.    It  has  been  widely  us 
for  this  purpose  not  only  in  the  Sou 
where  cypress  grows,  but  in  regions 
mote  from  its  range. 

One  of  the  widest  uses  of  cypress 
in  greenhouse  construction.  It  is 
eminently  fitted  for  that  trying  pla 
where  it  is  called  upon  to  resist  dar 
mess,  excessive  heat,  and  all  the 
ments  that  hasten  decay.  It  is  said 
no  other  lumber  approaches  cypress 
the  quantity  used  for  green  and 
houses.  It  is  manufactured  into  sa 
frames,  benches,  boxes,  and  practica 
all  else  that  the  builder  needs.  It 
replaced  white  pine  to  a  large  degr 
because  it  is  cheaper  and  in  some  wfS 
better. 


The  distinguishing  characteristic  f 
the  Union  Label  is  its  assurance  agaiit 
deception.  When  an  article  ceases  tof 
union-made  it  ceases  to  bear  the  Uni' 
Label. 


Editorial 


■HE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 
IHE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 
CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF   AMERICA 

ilillshed    on    the   15th    of   each    month   at   the 
CARPENTERS'   BUILDING 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 


UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 
vRPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF   AMERICA, 

Publishers 


FRANK  DUFFY,   Editor 


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INDIANAPOLIS,  AUGUST,   1922 


Courts  and  Labor 

There  has  been  considerable  printers' 
k  used  in  commenting  upon  the  recent 
cision  of  the  United  States  Supreme 
mrt  in  the  Coronado  Coal  Company  vs. 
iiited  Mine  Workers  of  America  case, 
d  it  is  not  far-fetched  to  say  that 
l'dly  any  two  attorneys  with  whom  we 
ve  talked  can  agree  on  the  point  real- 
decided  in  that  opinion.  We  believe 
^  Court  based  its  opinion  on  its  honest 
QStruetion  on  what  it  assumed  the  law 
is,  but  the  people  will  never  have  the 
nie  confidence  in  the  Court  that  is  ap- 
inted  that  they  would  have  were  these 
3tices  elected  by  vote  of  the  people. 
It  is  a  peculiar  trait  of  human  char- 
ter  that    the   appointed    official    never 


carries   the  weight  in  his  decision   that 
the  elected  official  does. 

Our  opinion  would  be  to  amend  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States  and 
if  necessary  amend  the  Constitutions  of 
states  where  judges  are  appointed  and 
make  those  judges  depend  on  their  elec- 
tions by  a  vote  of  the  people.  Then,  and 
then  only,  will  the  people  be  satisfied 
with  decisions  rendered.  We  can  not 
agree  with  some  that  there  is  only  one 
remedy,  and  that  is  the  repeal  of  the 
Sherman  and  Clayton  Acts.  This  would 
simply  throw  the  gate  wide  open  for  the 
benefit  of  the  class  who  are  continually 
trying  to  monopolize  and  milk  the  people 
daily.  Any  law  as  a  usual  thing  is  not 
bad  in  itself.  It  is  the  administration 
of  that  law  and  the  interpretation  to 
which  the  people  object,  and  as  long  as 
that  law  is  interpreted  by  appointed  of- 
ficials it  will  not  receive  the  respect  it 
would  if  such  decision  was  given  by 
elected  officials. 


Labor  Emerges  From  Conflict  in 
Good  Shape 

In  the  prefacing  its  report  to  the  For- 
ty-second Annual  Convention  of  the  A. 
F.  of  L.,  which  opened  its  session  Mon- 
day, June  12,  at  Cincinnati,  O.,  the  Ex- 
ecutive Council  said  in  part : 

"We  have  passed  through  a  year  of 
unusual  strife  and  of  unusual  industrial 
depression.  Our  movement  has  been 
1m >set  not  only  by  the  work  of  opponents 
who  have  been  more  active  and  more  de- 
termined than  ever,  but  it  has  had  to 
contend  with  an  industrial  situation 
which  caused  thousands  of  our  members 
to  be  idle  during  a  great  part  of  the 
year.  It  is  with  no  little  satisfaction,  in 
view  of  these  circumstances,  that  we  are 
able  to  lay  before  this  Convention  a  re- 
port of  achievement,  a  report  Of  solid- 
arity, a  report  of  constructive  planning 
and  a  report  that  can  only  inadequately 
portray  the  militant  spirit  with  which 
our  movement  has  come  through  the 
conflicts  of  the  year. 


22 


THE     CARPENTER 


"The  Executive  Council  has  held  six 
meetings  since  the  adjournment  of  the 
Denver  Convention.  In  the  interim  of 
the  meetings  we  have  considered  100 
Executive  Council  documents  submitted 
to  us  by  President  Gompers,  each  dealing 
with  subjects  of  vital  importance  to  our 
movement. 

"We  have  passed  through  a  year  of 
trying  experience.  We  can  say  with 
conviction  that  our  movement  has  given 
true  interpretation  to  the  aspirations  of 
the  workers  of  our  country.  Constantly 
confronted  with  new  problems,  the  labor 
movement  is  compelled  to  hold  itself  in 
readiness  to  shape  new  policies  as  new 
issues  arise.  It  is  essentially  a  move- 
ment of  progress  and  it  never  can  be 
anything  else. 

"We  point  to  the  workers  of  our  coun- 
try, wherever  they  may  be,  the  supreme 
necessity  of  organization  in  order  that 
the  workers  may  be  able  to  present  a 
constantly  growing  opposition  to  those 
who  would  despoil  the  workers,  and  in 
order  that  there  may  be  a  constantly 
growing  force  for  constructive  effort. 
The  great  need  of  the  time  for  the  work- 
ers is  organization  and  ever  more  organ- 
ization, but  more  than  that,  the  greatest 
asset  that  our  country  can  have  and  the 
greatest  safeguard  that  it  can  have,  is 
a  constantly  growing,  constantly  de- 
veloping enlightened  and  democratic 
trade  union  movement.  Y\Te  urge  for  the 
coming  year,  unceasing  efforts  in  the 
work  of  organization,  federation  and 
unification." 

Fake  Co=Operators  Checked  By  Labor 

We  are  informed  that  the  Executive 
Board  of  the  Federation  of  Labor,  at  De- 
troit, Mich.,  has  refused  to  be  hurrahed 
into  a  co-operative  banking  scheme  that 
has  been  exposed  as  a  fake  of  the  most 
glaring  kind.  The  matter  was  consid- 
ered by  the  Executive  Board,  which  re- 
ports that  under  the  scheme  labor  would 
have  no  control  and  was  merely  expect- 
ed to  furnish  the  steam. 

Four  adventurers  proposed  that  a 
$3,000,000  corporation  be  formed  and 
that  they  be  appointed  fiscal  agents. 
These  agents  would  have  absolute  con- 
trol of  all  funds  until  $50,000  was  re- 
ceived. The  agents  could  hake  loans  to 
themselves  from  this  fund.  All  money 
received  in  payment  on  stock  would  have 
a  first  charge  of  15  per  cent  commission, 
payable  to  the  agents. 


The  Federation  of  Labor  accepted  the 
recommendation  of  its  Executive  Board 
that  Organized  Labor  should  have  noth- 
ing to  do  with  this  privately  promoted 
"co-operative"  scheme. 

There  is  no  guarantee  that  the  bank 
itself  would  ever  come  into  existence 
and  a  very  strong  possibility  that  the 
stockholders  themselves  would  be  duped, 
said  the  report. 

• 

Ship  Subsidy 

The  ship  subsidy,  that  old  friend  of 
the  privileged  few,  not  only  proposes  t< 
dispose  of  ships  owned  by  the  Govern- 
ment at  bargain  prices,  but  it  establishes 
a  merchant  marine  naval  service  tc 
make  strike-breaking  a  business  and  tr 
repeal  the  freedom  sections  of  the  Sea- 
men's Act  and  to  restore  the  differentia 
in  the  United  States  seamen's  wage^ 
that  always  existed  prior  to  the  passag< 
of  the  Seamen's  Act. 

Every  ship  subsidy  bill  that  has  beer 
introduced  in  Congress  in  the  past  ha: 
been  killed  so  effectually  that  it  seem; 
surprising  that  anyone  in  these  day; 
would  have  the  temerity  even  to  hin 
ship  subsidy.  But  apparently  there  an 
members  of  Congress  and  representa 
fives  of  certain  interests  that  have  grea 
influence  on  Congress  that  believe  th< 
people  are  slipping,  and  that  most  any 
old  bill,  no  matter  how  offensive  it  maj 
be,  can  be  railroaded  through  Congress. 

Therefore  it  will  be  possible  for  thosi 
in  the  deal  to  buy  vessels  for  $20  per  toi 
that  cost  $200  or  more  per  ton.  Thest 
purchasers  can  then  borrow  from  th< 
Shipping  Board  two-thirds  of  the  pur 
chase  price  and  cost  of  motorization  a 
2  per  cent  interest.  Payment  of  the  loai 
and  interest  will  be  deferred  for  fifteei 
years.  During  this  period  the  purchase 
can  operate  the  vessel  which  will  de 
predate  as  much  as  75  per  cent  in  valu 
in  that  time  and  then  tie  it  up  to  a  docl 
and  tell  the  Shipping  Board : 

"Here's  your  old  vessel,  I  am  througl 
with   it.      You   can   keep   it  for  what 
owe  you." 

While  the  joining  of  the  merchan 
marine  naval  reserve  will  be  voluntary 
a  month's  extra  salary  is  held  out  as  bai 
to  tempt  the  seamen  to  come  under  th 
act.  During  the  existence  of  a  "nation 
al  emergency"  declared  by  the  Presi 
dent,  they  will  be  transferred  to  th 
control  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Navy 
"A  national  emergency"  can  be  a  sea 


THE     CARPENTER 


2c 


men's  strike.  Therefore,  when  a  seaman 
who  voluntarily  become  members  of  the 
naval  reserve  go  on  strike  against  un- 
lesirable  conditions  the  Secretary  of  the 
NTavy  could  call  them  to  go  back  to  their 
vessels.  If  they  refused  they  would  be 
^ourt-martialed.  There  is  so  much  in 
he  subsidy  bill  that  menaces  the  rights 
if  the  seamen  and  violates  the  duty  of 
.'digress  to  the  people  that  there  will  be 
nost  effective  protest  from  the  people. 
Labor  is  much  concerned  over  the  provi- 
sions of  the  bill  and  will  fight  it  to  the 
Mid. 


)pen  Shop   Firm   In   Hands  of  Receiver 

The    "Twin    City    Review"    of    Cham- 
>aign  and  Urban,  111.,  recently  said: 

"Running  a  business  on  the  'open 
ji?hop'  plan  is  not  what  it  is  cracked  up 
1  o  be  after  all. 

"One  of  Champaign's  pioneer  'open 
;kop'  institutions — in  fact  the  first  to 
t  >ur  knowledge  to  openly  declare  for  that 
ilan — is  on  the  rocks  financially,  and  is 
low  in  the  hands  of  a  receiver  with  lia- 
bilities of  approximately   $213,000. 

"The  Cushman  Tool  Company  is  the 
firm  we  refer  to.  Whether  or  not  the 
open  shop'  had  anything  to  do  with  the 
failure  of  the  firm  cannot,  of  course,  be 
letermined;  but  it  does  show  one  thing, 
hat  the  promise  of  fat  dividends  by  run- 
nng  under  that  system  do  not  always 
neet  the  expectations  of  the  employer. 

"Recently  many  hundreds  of  dollars 
vere  spent  in  advertising  to  induce  the 
mblic  to  invest  in  bonds  which  the  com- 
pany claimed  were  to  enlarge  the  plant 
nd  add  an  axe  handle  factory,  but  sub- 
sequent events  lead  one  to  believe  the 
'250,000  which  the  company  sought  to 
aise  by  selling  bonds  was  to  meet  their 
inlebtedness. 

"The  Cushman  Company  has  been  run 
n  the  true  sense  on  the  so-called  'open 
hop  American  plan'  since  its  organiza- 
ion  a  few  years  ago.  Organized  Labor 
tas  not  interfered  with  the  conduct  of 
he  factory  in  any  way,  it  being  one  of 
he  factories  in  Illinois  to  be  taken  as  a 
ort  of  a  try-out  of  the  plan.  Close  tab 
iTas  therefore  kept  on  the  progress  made, 
relieving  that  sooner  or  later  the  results 
f  'open-shopism'  would  be  manifest. 
i'Yom  time  to  time  reports  have  come 
.  f  reduced  wages,  and,  it  is  reported  that 
vages  have  been  reduced  from  time  to 
|ime  until  they  have  reached  the  'Amer- 
ican plan'  level  of  $12.50  a  week  for 
laost    of    the    men    employed,    and    that 


they  had  been  employed  only  part  time. 
With  the  quality  of  labor  secured  at 
these  figures,  it  is  said  the  quality  of 
tools  manufactured  by  the  plant  grad- 
ually decreased  to  a  point  where  they 
were  almost  worthless,  and  thus  much 
was  lost  in  the  way  of  selling  the  pro- 
ducts." 

The  failure  of  any  local  business  is 
to  be  truly  regretted  by  anyone.  The 
Cushman  failure  may  be  taken  as  an 
illustration  of  the  fallacy  of  the  'open 
shop'  theory,  and  it  is  hoped  that  under 
its  reorganization  at  the  hand  s  of  the 
receiver,  it  will  be  conducted,  as  the 
receiver  says  he  hopes  it  will  be.  under 
sound  economic  conditions,  and  while 
he  does  not  say  anything  about  the 
'American  plan,'  it  is  hoped  the  experi- 
ence of  the  past  will  be  sufficient  reason 
for  rapidly  discarding  that  scheme. 


American  Federation  of  Labor  Still 
Holding  Its  Own 

American  Federation  of  Labor  mem- 
bership has  stood  in  the  face  of  all  op- 
position and  in  the  face  of  most  trying 
industrial  conditions.  This  was  made 
clear  by  President  Gompers  of  the  A.  F. 
of  L.  in  a  statement  in  which  he  dis- 
cussed th.e  membership  figures  submit- 
ted to  the  Convention  in  the  Annual  Re- 
port of  the  Executive  Council. 

"In  1920,  the  year  in  which  our  mem- 
bership Avas  highest,  we  reported  4,078,- 
740.  We  now  report  3.105.651.  One 
fact  to  which  I  wish  to  point  is  that  Hi  is 
is  a  membership  of  more  than  a  million 
over  the  figure  for  the  last  pre-war  year. 
Those  unions  which  seem  to  show  a  loss 
are  the  unions  most  heavily  engaged  in 
war  work,  fortunately  no  longer  neces- 
sary. War  plants  are  closed  and  in  some 
cases  whole  industries  are  out  of  busi- 
ness. Thousands  of  workers  have  been 
forced  into  other  occupations.  Navy 
yards  are  a  good  example. 

"We   know    that    there    are   3,195,651 

members  who  are  paying  dues  and  that 
is  all  that  we  can  report.  We  do  not 
know  how  many  members  are  not  pay- 
ing dues,  due  to  unemployment,  and 
therefore  we  do  not  know  actually  what 
number  of  workers  belong  to  our  affili- 
ated organizations.  The  real  loss  of 
membership,  if  any  is  trifling,  running 
to  a  few  hundred  or  perhaps  a  few  thou- 
sand at  most.  In  view  of  conditions,  the 
showing  is  remarkable  and  is  worthy  of 
deep  study  by  those  who  seek  the  de- 
struction of  our  movement." 


,  I 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE  UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROYE 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'   Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Secretary 
FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters"  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 


Second  District.  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,   Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina   St...   Nashville,   Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District.  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San  Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh   District,   ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord   St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFY,    Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receive 
ing  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,'' 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen= 
eral  Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  and 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for, 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  this 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi= 
nancial  Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Locai  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand= 
ing  who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the   General  Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in* 
to  consideration  that  it  is  necessary  to 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the 
names  of  members  who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  theit 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  theii 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  arc 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attentior 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they  wil 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financia 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  informatior 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  ant 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  witf 
those  who  have  changed  their  address 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Offio 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpos. 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  th 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnisl 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  rostt 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

By  carrying  out  the  foregoing  instruc 
tions  you  will  not  only  assist  this  Genera 
Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of  ou 
official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,"  bu 
you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  membershi 
at  large. 


THE     CARPENTER 


25 


Proceedings  of  the  Third  Quarterly  Ses= 

sion,  1922,  of  the  General 

Executive  Board 

During  the  interim  between  the  second  and 
third  quarterly  session,  the  following  matters 
were  acted  upon  by   correspondence. 

April  18,  1922. 

Lowell  arid  Vicinity  D.  C. — Movement  to  re- 
tain same  scale  of  wages  of  90c  per  hour,  ef- 
fective May  1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted  ; 
financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
received  at  the  General  Office. 

April  20,  1922. 

Muscatine,  Iowa,  L.  U.  No.  1069. — Move- 
ment for  same  scale  of  wages,  80c  per  hour, 
effective  May  22,  1922.  Official  sanction  grant- 
ed ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
received  at   the'   General   Office. 

May  12,  1922. 

Montreal,  Que.,  District  Council.  (L.  U.  No. 
2098.)  Movement  for  an  increase  in  wages 
from  60c  per  hour  and  10-hour  day  to  65c  per 
hour  and  the  8-"hour  day,  effective  May  22, 
1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  received  at 
the  General  Office. 

May  23,  1922. 

Providence,  Pawtucket  and  Central  Falls, 
R.  I.,  D.  C. — Movement  for  an  increase  in 
wages  from  85c  to  90c  per  hour,  effective  June 
1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial 
aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

March  28,  1922. 

Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  D.  C. — Movement  for  same 
Bcale  of  wages,  87Jc  per  hour,  effective  May 
1,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial 
aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

June  19,  1922. 

The  third  quarterly  1922  session  of  the  Gen- 
eral Executive  Board  was  called  to  order  on 
the  above  date. 

The   audit    of   the    books    and    accounts    was 
taken  up  and  continued  throughout  the  week. 
June  26,   1922. 

Cleveland,  O.,  District  Council. — An  appro- 
priation of  $1,428  was  made  for  relief  of  men 
locked  out. 

Manchester,  N.  H.,  L.  U.  No.  2064. — An  ap- 
propriation of  .$306  was  made  for  the  relief 
of  men  locked  out. 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can.,  L.  U.  No.  1820.— Move- 
ment for  an  increase  in  wages  from  60c  to  a 
minimum  of  71£c  per  hour,  effective  July  1, 
1922.  Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid 
to  lie  considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the 
funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the 
General  Office. 

Bloomington,  Ind.,  L.  TJ.  No.  2038. — Move- 
ment to  establish  wage  agreement,  effective 
August  6,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted ; 
financial  aid  to  be  considered  later,  in  such 
sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

Meaford,  Ont.,  Can..  L.  U.  No.  2149. — Move- 
ment for  the  9-hour  day,  effective  July  1,  1922. 
Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid  to  ho 
considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds 
will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the  Gen- 
eral Office. 


Cornwall,  Ont.,  Can.,  L.  t'.  Xo.  2307. — Re- 
quest to  change  date  on  which  trade  movement 
was  originally  sanctioned,  from  June  1  to  July 
15,   1922.     Request  complied   with. 

Guelph,  Ont.,  Can.,  L.  IJ.  No.  2611. — Move- 
ment for  an  increase  in  wages  from  77Jc  per 
hour  to  85c  per  hour,  effective  July  1,  1922. 
Official  sanction  granted ;  financial  aid  to  be 
considered  later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds 
will  warrant,  as  reports  are  made  to  the  Gen- 
eral Office. 

Ludinptton,  Mich.,  L.  U.  No.  1547. — Request 
to  circulate  an  appeal  to  create  a  building 
fund.     Referred  to  the  General  President. 

Danville,  111.,  L.  II.  No.  269. — Request  for 
exemption  of  payment  of  back  per  capita  tax. 
Request  denied,  as  the  General  Executive  Board 
is  not  authorized  to  exempt  any  Local  Union 
from  the  payment  of  back  per  capita  tax  to 
the  General  Office. 

Birmingham,  Ala. — Federated  Bank  and 
Trust  Co.  soliciting  support  in  the  establish- 
ment of  a  bank.  Received  as  information  and 
filed. 

Charleston,  Mo.,  L.  U.  No.  566. — Request 
that  per  capita  tax  to  General  Office  be  re- 
duced. Request  denied,  inasmuch  as  a  reduc- 
tion in  per  capita  tax  would  necessarily  carry 
with  it  a  reduction  in  death,  disability  and 
other  benefits. 

An  invitation  was  received  from  the  Quebec 
Provincial  Council  to  attend  the  Thirteenth 
Annual  Convention  of  that  body  in  the  city  of 
Cap  De  La  Madeleine  on  Thursday,  July  6, 
1922.     Referred  to  the  General  President. 

The  following  full  accountings  have  been  re- 
ceived   for    appropriations    made    for    relief    of 
men  locked  out  and  on  strike. 
St.  Louis,   Mo.,   D.    C,   during  months 

of  April  and   May .$    522.00 

L.  TJ.   No.'  952,   Bristol,   Conn.,  during 

month    of   March 432.00 

Monongahela,  Pa.,  D.  C,  during  month 

of  October,   1921 800.00 

L.    TJ.    No.    180,    Vallejo,    Cal.,    during 

months   of  February   and   March .  .    1,566.00 
L.    U.    No.    2429,    Somerworth,    N.    H., 
during  months  of  March,  April  and 

May     1,188.00 

L.  TJ.  No.  751,   Santa  Rosa,  Cal.,  dur- 
ing months  of  March  and  April.  .  .       144.00 

Santa  Clara  Valley  D.  C,  San  Jose,  Cal. — An 
appropriation  of  $2,838.00  covering  three  weeks 
benefits  was  made  for  the  relief  of  the  mill- 
men  locked  out. 

Appeal  of  Louis  Schmidtendorff,  L.  TJ.  No. 
565,  Elkhart,  Ind.,  from  the  decision  of  the 
General  President  in  the  case  of  Louis  Schmidt- 
endorff vs.  L.  TJ.  No.  565,  Elkhart,  Ind.  The 
decision  of  the  General  President  was  sus- 
tained on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal 
dismissed. 

Appeal  of  the  Bridgeport,  Conn.,  D.  C.  from 
the  decision  of  the  General  President  in  the 
case  of  T.  A.  Flanagan  vs.  the  Greonsburg  and 
Mt.  Pleasant  D.  C.  The  decision  of  the  Gen- 
eral President  was  sustained  on  grounds  set 
forth  therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  W.  H.  Manly  from  the  decision  of 
the  General  President  in  the  case  of  W.  H. 
Manly  vs.  L.  D.  Xo.  413,  South  Bend,  Ind. 
The  decision  of  the  General  President  was  sus- 
tained on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal 
dismissed. 

Appeal  of  A.  .1.  Piokersgill,  L.  U.  No.  250S, 
Cleveland,  O..  from  the  decision  of  the  General 
President  in   the  case  of  W.  R.   Yeager  vs.   the 


26 


THE     CARPENTER 


Cleveland,  O.,  District  Council.  The  decision 
of  the  General  President  was  sustained  on 
grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

A  communication  was  received  from  Secre- 
tary Woudenberg  of  the  International  Union 
of  Wood  Workers,  expressing  regrets  that  the 
United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America  could  not  attend  their  Congress  at 
Vienna,  Austria,  on  June  12,  1922,  and  extend- 
ing an  invitation  to  the  General  Executive 
Board  to  send  a  committee  to  Europe  to  in- 
vestigate the  conditions  of  the  men  of  the  trade 
in  the  different  countries  and  at  the  same  time 
suggesting  a  meeting  with  their  Executive  Com- 
mittee at  Amsterdam,  Holland.  The  Board 
accepted  the  invitation  and  authorized  the  Gen- 
eral President  to  appoint  a  committee  to  visit 
Europe. 

In  the  claim  of  the  International  Associa- 
tion of  Bridge,  Structural  and  Ornamental 
Iron  Workers  for  $1,931  account  alleged  in- 
debtedness of  their  former  L.  U.  No.  77  at  the 
time  that  Local  was  chartered  by  the  United 
Brotherhood.  Inasmuch  as  no  claim  of  indebt- 
edness by  International  Association  of  Bridge 
and  Structural  Iron  Workers  was  made  against 
Pile  Drivers  L.  U.  No.  77  of  San  Francisco  at 
time  that  union  was  admitted  to  the  United 
Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of 
America,  the  General  Executive  Board  decides 
that  such  claim  cannot  be  recognized  at  this 
late  date. 

An  appeal  for  financial  assistance  was  made 
by  Miss  Erne  Bentham  to  assist  the  Dr.  Bar- 
nardo's  Homes  for  Orphans  in  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland.  It  was  not  within  the  scope  of 
the  General  Executive  Board  to  comply  with 
her  request  and  same  was  therefore  denied. 
June  27,  1922. 

The  communication  from  the  Twin  City 
Carpenters  District  Council  of  Omaha,  Neb., 
under  date  of  May  27,  1922,  received  consider- 
ation of  the  General  Executive  Board  and  that 
body  demands  a  full  explanation  as  to  the  in- 
tent and  meaning  of   said   communication. 

Huntington,  W.  Va.,  Tri-State  District  Coun- 
cil.— -Request  for  an  appropriation  of  $2,000 
for    organizing  purposes.      Request   denied. 

Windsor,  Ont,  Can.,  L.  U.  No.  494. — Request 
for  an  appropriation  of  $500  for  organizing 
purposes.     Request  denied. 

South  Bend,  Ind.,  St.  Joseph  County  D.  C. — 
Request  for  an  appropriation  of  $500  for  or- 
ganizing purposes.     Request  denied. 

Magna,  Utah,  L.  U.  No.  1984. — Request  for 
an  appropriation  of  $300  for  organizing  pur- 
poses.    Request  denied. 


Regina,  Sask.,  Can.,  L.  U.  No.  1807. — Request 
for  an  appropriation  of  $500  for  organizing 
purposes.  Matter  was  referred  to  the  General 
President  for  his  consideration. 

Vancouver,  B.  C,  Can. — Movement  to  resist 
reduction  in  wages  referred  to  General  Presi- 
dent for  consideration  and  action,  as  reports 
are  received  at  the  General  Office. 

Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  L.  U.  No.  74. — Request 
for  an  appropriation  of  $500  for  organizing 
purposes.     Request  denied. 

Boston,  Mass.,  L.  U.  No.  21G5. — Requesting 
information  as  to  action  Local  Union  shall  take 
in  the  case  of  their  members  employed  by  rail- 
roads. The  Board  directed  that  the  members 
of  this  organization  shall  remain  at  work  until 
ordered  to  quit  by  the  General  Office. 

Philadelphia,  Pa.,  D.  C. — Requesting  that 
the  Charter  of  L.  U.  No.  2330  be  revoked.  The 
General  President  was  authorized  to  take  up 
the  Charter  of  said  union  and  transfer  their 
members. 

Winnipeg,  Man.,  D.  C. — Requesting  financial 
aid  for  relief  of  men  locked  out.  The  list  of 
members  locked  out  was  referred  to  the  General 
Secretary,  to  be  checked  up  in  accordance  with 
our  laws  and  the  amount  of  financial  aid 
necessary  to  be  sent  for  relief  of  men  locked 
out. 

Montreal,  Que.,  Can.,  D.  C. — Request  for  an 
appropriation  of  $500  for  organizing  purposes. 
Request  denied  and  the  matter  of  organizing 
was  referred  to  the  General  President  for  his 
consideration. 

The  report  of  the  delegates  to  the  Forty- 
second  Annual  Convention  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
was  received  and  referred  to  the  General  Sec- 
retary for  publication  in  "The  Carpenter."         1 

The  report  of  the  delegates  to  the  Fifteenth 
Annual  Convention  of  the  Union  Label  Trades 
Department  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  was  received  and 
referred  to  the  General  Secretary  for  publica- 
tion in  "The  Carpenter." 

June  28,  1922. 

Grand  Island,  Neb.,  L.  U.  No.  1386. — Move- 
ment for  an  increase  in  wages  from  65c  to  75c 
per  hour,  effective  August  1,  1922.  Official 
sanction  granted  ;  financial  aid  to  be  considered 
later,  in  such  sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant, 
as  reports  are  made  to  the  General  Office. 

There  being  no  further  business  to  come  be- 
fore the  Board,  the  minutes  were  approved  as 
read  and  the  session  was  adjourned.  The; 
next  meeting  to  be  at  the  call  of  the  General 
President. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

FRANK  DUFFY,  Secretary. 


REPORT  OF  DELEGATES  TO  THE   FORTY=SECOND   ANNUAL   CONVENTION 
OF  THE  AMERICAN  FEDERATION  OF  LABOR 

To  the  General  Executive  Board: 

The  Forty-second  Annual  Convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
opened  in  Cincinnati,  O.,  on  June  12th,  and  lasted  two  weeks;  470  delegates  were 
present,  as  follows: 


Number  | 

Number 

Number 

of       | 

NAME 

1           of 

of 

Unions    | 

|   Delegates 

Votes 

95        | 

|        287 

31,283 

5        I 

1             5 

5 

30 

|           30 

30 

90 

90 

39 
5 

THE     C  A  R P E  X  ' 

Trade  and  Federal  Unions    

I  ER 

1           52 
6 

27 
52 

Fraternal  Organizations 

4 

264 

1 

|        470 

31,464 

The  report  of  Secretary  Morrison  showed  the  financial  standing  of  the  Federa- 
ion  to  be  as  follows : 

Balance  on  hand  April  30,  1921 .$178,262.72 

Receipts  from  all  sources 583,120.03 


Total  receipts $761,382.75 

Total  expenses    562,588.07 


Balance  an  hand  April  30,  1922 .$108,794.68 

Of  this  amount  $23,415.80  is  in  the  General  Fund  and  $175,378.88  is  in  the 
)efense  Fund  of  the  Local  Trade  and  Federal  Labor  Unions. 

The  Federation  consists  of: 

112  National  and  International  Unions. 
5  Departments. 
49   State  Federations. 
905   City  Central  Bodies. 
838  Local  Department  Councils. 

35,277   Local  Unions. 

With  a  total  average  membership  for  the  year  of  3,195,651. 

The  Report  of  the  Executive  Council  dealt  with  many  important  matters  such  as : 

National  Child  Labor  Law. 

Court  Decisions  xlffeeting  Labor. 

Observance  of  Contract. 

Constitutional  Rights  and  Liberties. 

Legislature  Attacks  On  Trade  Unions. 

Co-operative  Societies. 

Open  Shop  Campaign. 

Unemployment. 

Education. 

Limitation  of  Armament. 

International  Labor  Relations. 

Jurisdictional  Agreements  and  Disputes. 

Old  Age  Pensions,  Etc. 

As  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  recently  handed  down  a  decision 
eclaring  the  Federal  Child  Labor  Law  unconstitutional,  the  third  day  of  the  Con- 
ention  was  set  aside,  to  be  devoted  to  the  consideration  of  the  question  of  how 
hild  labor  can  be  abolished  and  the  best  method  of  accomplishing  that  purpose. 

Addresses  were  made  on  this  subject  by : 

Dr.  Albert  Freiberg  of  Cincinnati,  O. 

Max  Price  of  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Robt.  M.  LaFollete,  United  States  Senator  from  "Wisconsin. 

Miss  Florence  Kelly,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

T.  W.  McCullough,  Omaha,  Neb. 

Wm.  Green,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

After  which  a  Special  Committee  was  appointed  to  deal  with  that  subject  and 
ther  court  decisions. 

This  committee  submitted  the  following  report,  which  was  adopted  by  the 
onvention. 

Your  Special  Committee  begs  leave  to  report  upon  the  following  referred  to  it : 

Shall  Courts  Protect  Labor  in  Preference  to  Property? 

Class-Biased  Decisions  of  our  Courts  embracing  Judge  Anderson's  Injunction 
gainst  the  United  Mine  Workers,  Judge  McClintic's  Injunction  Against  the  Miners, 
ie  Tri-City  Case,  Truax  vs.  Corrigan,  The  Coronado  Case. 

Use  of  Injunction  by  Labor  a  Snare  and  Delusion. 

National  Child  Labor  Law  Held  Unconstitutional. 

Constitutional  Rights  and  Liberties  Must  Be  Safeguarded  At  All  Hazards. 

Supreme  Court  Decisions. 


2S  THECARPEXTER 

Your  committee  recommends  that  the  Executive  Council  of  the  American  Feder- 
ation of  Labor  be  authorized  and  directed  to  call  conferences  of  persons  and  asso- 
ciations interested  in  any  or  all  of  the  above  specified  subjects,  for  the  purpose  of 
obtaining  advice,  assistance  and  co-operation  in  the  preparation  of  the  proposed 
laws  and  constitutional  amendments,  and  in  the  education  of  public  opinion  for  their 
support  and  adoption;  and  that  the  Executive  Council  be  authorized  to  approve,  in 
behalf  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor,  the  laws  and  constitutional  amend- 
ments so  prepared,  and  to  take  such  further  action  as  may  be  deemed  advisable  to- 
promote  their  enactment. 

The  American  people  are  facing  a  critical  situation.  Their  very  existence  as  a 
democracy  and  a  government  of  law  is  at  stake.  A  judicial  oligarchy  is  threatening 
to  set  itself  up  above  the  elected  Legislatures,  above  the  people  themselves. 

Profiting  by  the  unsettled  industrial  conditions  of  the  country  and  the  political 
apathy  of  the  people,  which  have  followed  upon  the  conclusion  of  the  World  War. 
the  forces  of  privilege  and  reaction  have  embarked  upon  a  concerted  and  determined 
campaign  to  deprive  the  citizens  of  their  constitutional  liberties,  to  break  down 
the  standards  of  life  which  the  American  workers  have  laboriously  built  up  in  gen- 
erations of  suffering  and  struggle,  and  to  emasculate  or  destroy  their  most  effective 
weapon  of  resistance  and  defense — the  labor  unions. 

Side  by  side  with  the  implacable  anti-union  drive  conducted  by  powerful  organ- 
izations of  employers  throughout  the  country,  who  exercise  their  own  unquestioin* ! 
rights  to  organize  and  yet  brazenly  deny  their  employes  the  same  right,  the  unblush- 
ing subservience  of  many  public  officials  to  the  dictates  of  big  business  and  their 
undisguised  contempt  for  the  interests  of  the  workers,  the  courts  of  the  country, 
and  particularly,  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  have  within  recent  years 
undertaken  to  deprive  American  labor  of  fundamental  rights  and  liberties  which 
heretofore  have  been  accepted  as  deeply  and  organically  ingrained  in  our  system 
of  jurisprudence. 

Over  a  century  ago  Thomas  Jefferson  said: 

"It  has  long  been  my  opinion,  and  I  have  never  shrunk  from  its  expression,  that 
the  germ  of  dissolution  of  our  Federal  Government  is  in  the  judiciary — the 
irresponsible  body  working  like  gravity,  by  day  and  by  night,  gaining  a  little  today 
and  gaining  a  little  tomorrow,  and  advancing  its  noiseless  step  like  a  thief  over  the 
field  of  jurisdiction  until  all  shall  be  usurped." 

The  prophetic  warning  of  the  great  champion  of  American  democracy  threatens 
to  come  true. 

What  confronts  the  workers  of  America  is  not  one  or  several  casual  court  deci- 
sions favoring  the  interests  of  property  as  against  the  human  rights  of  labor,  but  a 
series  of  adjudications  of  the  highest  tribunal  of  the  land,  successively  destroying  a 
basic  right  or  cherished  acquisition  of  Organized  Labor,  each  forming  a  link  in  a 
fateful  chain  consciously  designed  to  enslave  the  workers  of  America. 

Five  years  ago  a  sevei'e  blow  was  dealt  by  the  Supreme  Court  decision  in  the 
notorious  case  of  The  Hitchman  Coal  and  Coke  Company  vs.  Mitchell,  which  seri- 
ously limited  the  right  of  Organized  Labor  to  unionize  establishments.  The  decision 
did  not  receive  the  condemnation  it  justly  deserved  because  public  attention  was 
almost  exclusively  centered  on  the  World  War. 

On  January  ?,.  1921.  the  Supreme  Court  in  the  case  of  Duplex  Printing  Press 
Company  vs.  Deering.  practically  nullified  the  portions  of  the  Clayton  Act  wbicli 
were  intended  to  safeguard  the  rights  of  labor  in  industrial  disputes  and  to  limit  the 
power  of  the  courts  to  decide  such  disputes  by  summary  injunctions,  thus  striking 
down  with  one  fell  stroke  the  result  of  unceasing  agitation  of  Organized  Labor  which 
had  extended  over  twenty  years,  and  was  designed  to  equalize  before  the  law  the 
position  of  workers  and  employers. 

In  December,  1921.  the  Supreme  Court,  by  its  decision  in  the  case  of  Truax  vs. 
Corrigan,  set  aside  as  unconstitutional  a  State  Law  which  limited  the  power  of  the 
courts  to  issue  injunctions  in  labor  disputes,  thus  frustrating  the  efforts  of  labor  in 
all  industrial  states  to  secure  relief  from  the  arrogated  authority  of  the  courts. 

In  the  same  month  the  court  in  the  case  of  American  Steel  Foundries  vs.  Tri- 
City  Central  Trades  Council,  virtually  abolished  the  right  of  striking  workers  to 
picket,  no  matter  how  peaceably ;  authorized  the  courts  arbitrarily  to  regulate  the 
conduct  of  strikes,  and  set  up  a  rule  limiting  strikers  to  the  stationing  of  one  "mis- 


THE    CARPENTER  29 

•nary"  in  front  of  each  entrance  to  the  struck  establishment — one  striking  "rnls- 
mary"  to  persuade  hundreds  or  even  thousands  of  strike-breakers  of  the  iniquity 

their  course.     What  a  mockery  upon  the  acknowledged  rights  of  workers  on  strike 

win  over  would-be  strike-breakers  by  pleading  and  persuasion ! 

On  May  15,  1922,  the  Supreme  Court  set  aside  as  unconstitutional  the  Child 
ibor  Law,  which  had  been  enacted  after  years  of  agitation  on  the  part  of  the  most 
rward-looking  arid  humane  elements  of  our  citizenship. 

On  June  5,  1922,  the  Supreme  Court  handed  down  a  unanimous  opinion  in  the 
se  of  United  Mine  Workers  of  America  vs.  Coronado  Coal  Co.,  which  in  effect 
iens  the  way  for  a  general  raid  upon  union  funds,  by  holding  that  labor  unions  are 
able  as  such  and  liable  for  damages  to  employers  if  caused  by  lawful  acts  on  the 
irt  of  any  of  their  striking  members,  whether  such  acts  are  authorized  or  not,  so 
tig  as  the  strike  is  sanctioned  by  the  union. 

|  Thus  by  six  decisions  the  United  States  Supreme  Court,  composed  of  nine  men 
ithout  direct  mandate  from  the  people  and  without  responsibility  to  the  people,  has 
t  aside  a  congressional  enactment  which  clearly  expressed  the  will  of  the  vast 
ajority  of  the  people,  and  all  but  outlawed  the  activities  of  Organized  Labor, 
hich  alone  can  protect  the  workers  from  the  oppression  and  aggression  of  the 
eedy  and  cruel  interests. 

This  despotic  exercise  of  a  usurped  power  of  nine  men,  or  a  bare  majority  of 
iem,  over  the  lives  and  liberties  of  millions  of  men,  women  and  children,  is  intol- 
able.     With  the  immortal  Lincoln  we  believe  that: 

"The  people  of  these  United  States  are  the  masters  of  both  Congress  and  Courts, 
>t  to  overthrow  the  Constitution,  but  to  overthrow  the  men  who  pervert  the  Con- 
itution."     (Speech  at  Cincinnati,  September  17,  1859.) 

We  are  determined  to  preserve  our  rights  as  workers,  citizens  and  freemen,  and 
e  call  upon  all  fair-minded  and  liberty-loving  citizens  to  unite  with  us  in  a  deter- 
ined  effort  to  deprive  the  courts  of  the  despotic  powers  which  they  have  assumed, 
id  to  make  our  Government  in  full  measure  a  Government  of  the  people,  for  the 
sople  and  by  the  people.  To  this  end  your  committee  recommends  that  the  Con- 
ation record  itself  in  favor  of,  and  promote  the  adoption  of  amendments  to  the 
onstitution  of  the  United  States  for  the  following  purposes : 

1.  An  amendment  prohibiting  the  labor  of  children  under  the  age  of  16  years 
i  any  mine,  mill,  factory,  workshop  or  other  industrial  or  mercantile  establishment, 
id  conferring  upon  Congress  the  power  to  raise  the  minimum  age  below  which 
lildren  shall  not  be  permitted  to  work,  and  to  enforce  the  provisions  of  the  pro- 
ved amendment  by  appropriate  legislation. 

2.  An  amendment  prohibiting  the  enactment  of  any  law  or  the  making  of  any 
idicial  determination  which  would  deny  the  right  of  the  workers  of  the  United 
tates  and  its  territories  and  dependencies  to  organize  for  the  betterment  of  their 
•nditious ;  to  deal  collectively  with  employers ;  to  collectively  withhold  their  labor 
ad  patronage  and  induce  others  to  do  so. 

3.  An  amendment  providing  that  if  the  United  States  Supreme  Court  decides 
nit  an  act  of  Congress  is  unconstitutional,  or  by  interpretation  asserts  a  public 
olicy  at  variance  with  the  statutory  declaration  of  Congress,  then  if  Congress  by  a 
•vo-thirds  majority  re-passes  the  law,  it  shall  become  the  law  of  the  land. 

Your  committee  further  recommends : 

4.  In  order  to  make  the  Constitution  of  the  United  States  more  flexible  to  meet 
ie  needs  of  the  people,  an  amendment  providing  for  easier  amendments  of  the  same. 

Your  committee  further  recommends  that  in  conjunction  with  the  campaign  for 
ie  adoption  of  the  suggested  constitutional  amendments,  Congress  be  urged  to 
Jiact : 

a.  A  Child  Labor  Law  which  will  overcome  the  objections  raised  by  the  United 
tates  Supreme  Court  to  the  laws  heretofore  passed  by  Congress  and  nullified  by 
ae  court ; 

b.  A  law  which  will  make  rnore  definite  and  effective  the  intention  of  Congress 
i  enacting  Sections  6,  19  and  20  of  the  Clayton  Act,  which  was  manifestly  ignored 
r  overridden  by  the  Court ; 

c.  An  act  repealing  the  Sherman  Anti-Trust  Law,  which  was  intended  by 
ongress  to  prevent  illegal  combinations  in  restraint  of  trade,  commonly  known  as 


30  THE    CARPENTER 

"trusts,"  but  through  judicial  misinterpretation  and  perversion  has  been  repeatedl 
and  mainly  invoked  to  deprive  the  toiling  masses  of  their  natural  and  normal  right; 

Carpenters — Longshoremen 

The  following  agreement  proposed  by  Vice-President  Rickett  and  accepted  b 
the  Executive  Boards  of  both  organizations  was  reported  to  the  Convention. 
It  is  agreed  between  the  longshoremen  and  carpenters: 

1.  That  the  carpenters  will  not  accept  in  membership  longshoremen. 

2.  That  the  longshoremen  will  not  accept  in  membership  carpenters. 

3.  That  the  longshoremen  will  turn  over  to  the  Carpenters'  Organization  th 
carpenters  now  in  their  union. 

4.  That  the  longshoremen  will  refrain  from  doing  carpenter  work. 

5.  That  the  carpenters  raise  no  objection  to  the  longshoremen  nailing  a  boar 
or  plank,  or  doing  work  where  carpenters  can  not  be  had. 

6.  This  agreement  is  made  for  the  purpose  of  creating  and  establishing  hai 
monious  relations  between  both  organizations.  It  may  be  changed  in  any  particula 
by  agreement  between  the  Presidents  of  both  the  organizations  and  abrogated  upo 
thirty  days'  notice  by  either  side,  in  which  event  conferences  shall  again  be  held  fc 
the  purpose  of  making  a  new  agreement. 

7.  The  interpretation  or  application  of  this  agreement  shall  take  up  all  existin 
differences  or  such  as  may  arise,  and  shall  themselves  jointly  make  an  investigatio 
in  an  effort  to  adjust  same. 

Maintenance  of  Way  Employes — Carpenters 

The  Convention  approved  the  following: 

"The  term  'carpenter  repair  work'  is  defined  to  mean  where  workmen  ai- 
employed  direct  by  the  railroad  corporations  in  repairing  property  of  railroads  alon 
the  line  of  the  railroad  proper,  but  shall  not  apply  to  offices  and  other  railroad  built' 
ings,  the  former  employment  to  be  under  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Maintenance  c 
Way  Employes  and  Railway  Shop  Laborers,  and  the  latter  to  be  considered  as  cot 
struction  work  and  to  be  under  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners. 

"It  is  further  understood  and  agreed  that  where  disputes  or  misunderstanding 
as  to  jurisdiction  arise  in  any  district  or  locality,  such  disputes  must  be  immediatel 
submitted  to  the  International  Officers  of  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Maintenance  c 
Way  Employes  and  Railway  Shop  Laborers  and  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carper 
ters  and  Joiners,  for  investigation  and  adjustment." 

On  the  acceptance  of  this  basis  of  settlement  and  the  ratification  of  the  term 
hereof  by  the  International  Officers  of  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Maintenance  c 
Way  Employes  and  Railway  Shop  Laborers,  and  the  payment  of  per  capita  tax  to  th 
American  Federation  of  Labor  for  the  period  beginning  the  first  day  of  July.  1921 
the  suspension  of  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Maintenance  of  Way  Employes  an 
Railway  Shop  Laborers  from  affiliation  to  the  American  Federation  of  Labor  sha 
cease  and  the  aforesaid  International  Organizations  shall  be  restored  to  its  affilw 
tion  and  in  possession  of  its  jurisdictional  claims  and  rights  as  outlined  by  it 
Charter  and  further  defined  by  the  various  agreements  it  has  entered  into  with  th 
several  National  and  International  Organizations  affected  by  such  Charter  provision- 
The  law  was  changed  by  an  overwhelming  vote  to  hold  the  Conventions  in  th 
future  in  the  month  of  October  each  year,  beginning  on  the  first  Monday  of  th 
month. 

All  the  old  officers  were  re-elected  and  Portland.  Ore.,  was  chosen  as  the  city  i 
which  to  hold  the  Convention  in  1923. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

WM.   L.   HUTCHESON, 
FRANK  DUFFY. 
W.   M.   MICHAELS, 
W.   T.   ALLEN. 
J.   H.   WEAVER, 
ALEX   KELSO, 
WM.    J.    KELLY. 

p.  h.  McCarthy. 

Delegates. 


THE    CARPENTER  31 

;EPORT  OF  DELEGATES  TO   THE    FIFTEENTH   ANNUAL    CONVENTION   OF 
THE  UNION  LABEL  TRADES  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  AMERICAN 
FEDERATION  OF  LABOR 

0  the  Members  of  the  General  Executive  Board, 
irothers,  Greeting: 

The  Fifteenth  Annual  Convention  of  the  Union  Label  Trades  Department  went 

1  session  on  Thursday,  June  8,  1922,  at  the  Sinton  Hotel,  Cincinnati,  O.  The  Con- 
ention  was  called  to  order  by  President  John  W.  Hays,  who  presided  over  same 
uring  its  deliberations. 

The  report  of  the  Credentials  Committee  showed  98  delegates  present  represent- 
lg  44  National  and  International  Unions,  and  1  fraternal  delegate  representing  the 
Yoman's  International  Union  Label  League  and  Trade  Union  Auxiliary. 

President  Hays's  Report,  while  brief,  covered  in  condensed  form  the  work  of 
le  Department  during  the  year,  and  among  other  things  pointed  out  the  methods 
asorted  to  by  the  opponents  of  Organized  Labor  to  retard  the  use  of  the  Union 
,abel,  Shop  Card  and  Button,  as  well  as  the  methods  employed  to  inaugurate  the 
pen  shop  or  so-called  American  Plan  of  Employment. 

The  report  of  the  Secretary-Treasurer,  John  J.  Manning,  appeared  to  cover  com- 
letely  the  entire  work  of  the  Department  during  the  year,  and  what  seemed  to 
e  the  most  important  part  of  his  report  appeared  under  the  caption  '"Publicity  and 
Topaganda,"  which  outlined  the  purposes  for  which  the  Department  was  organ- 
■,ed  and  advised  the  Convention  to  give  thought  and  consideration  to  the  plan  of 
loser  relationship  between  the  Department  and  affiliated  unions  by  adopting  a  plan 
lat  would  be  simple  and  brief,  yet  at  the  same  time  practical  and  would  also  have 
Dr  its  end  beneficial  results  for  the  promotion  of  the  use  of  the  Union  Label,  Shop 
ard  and  Button,  and  the  Committee  on  Label  Propaganda,  to  which  that  portion  of 
ae  Secretary-Treasurer's  Report  was  referred,  made  the  following  report,  which 
ras  concurred  in  by  the  Convention : 

"We  gave  careful  attention  to  the  report  of  your  Secretary-Treasurer 
under  the  caption  "Publicity  and  Propaganda"  and  took  into  consideration 
the  requests  with  which  the  Department  was  confronted  from  various  local 
label  sections  for  financial  aid  during  the  year. 

"Never  in  the  history  of  the  Organized  Labor  movement  has  it  been  so 
necessary  to  bring  forcefully  to  the  attention  of  the  toilers  the  value  of  the 
Union  Label  as  a  weapon  against  the  open  shop  movement,  and  we  are 
gratified  to  know  that  the  Department  is  in  such  splendid  financial  condi- 
tion to  meet  this  emergency  and  to  enable  the  Executive  Board  and  Officers 
of  the  Department  to  carry  on  a  more  extensive  line  of  propaganda  work 
during  the  coming  year. 

"We  urge  that  the  Secretary-Treasurer  continue  to  visit  National,  Inter- 
national and  State  Conventions  and  to  carry  to  the  representatives  of 
Organized  Labor  the  message  in  person,  that  the  remedy  against  all  efforts 
of  our  opponents  lies  within  our  own  hands,  and  that  during  the  time  of 
his  visits  in  the  A^arious  cities  he  make  efforts  to  further  extend  the  organ- 
izing of  Local  Label  Sections. 

"We  further  recommend  that  he  co-operate  with  every  International 
Organization  in  their  Label  campaign,  and  if  our  Central  Bodies  and  Local 
Label  Sections  desire  to  start  campaigns  in  their  localities  for  the  promo- 
tion of  the  Union  Label,  that  he  aid  and  assist  them  to  the  extent  of  fur- 
nishing the  necessary  literature,  speakers  if  necessary,  and  in  some 
instances,  when  in  the  opinion  of  the  Executive  Board,  necessary  financial 
support  may  be  given. 

"We  recommend  further  that  the  Secretary-Treasurer  do  all  in  his 
power  to  get  the  American  Co-operative  Societies  interested  in  the  purchase 
of  goods  bearing  the  Union  Label,  and  to  this  end  shall  visit,  either  in 
person  or  by  deputy,  the  headquarters  of  these  societies,  or  their  Conven- 
tions, and  managers  of  wholesale  and  retail  stores  and  purchasing  depart- 
ments. 


How  to  Read  Blue- 
prints and  Plans. 


What  You  Should 
Know  About  Arch- 
itectural Drawing. 


How  to  Use  ] 
Steel  Square  i 
cessfully. 


What    You 

Should  Know 
About  Sheet 
Metal  Work. 


How  to  Be  a 

Successful 
Building  Su- 
perintendent. 


What  You 
Should  Know 
About  Heat- 
ing and  Ven- 
tilating. 


A  Thousand  Things 

EVERY  day  in  yonr  work  you  get  up-against  new  pr 
sometimes  it  is  only  some  old  "sticker"  coming  in  a  newi 
Just  the  same  thougli  it  takes  a  lot  of  time  to  figure  ttaer  51 
Don't  do  it*  Here's  everything  worked  out  for  you.  Every  x 
lem  big  or  little  that  you  will  meet  in  a  day's  work.  Hundro 
new  ideas  and  better  ways  of  doing  things.  Hundreds  of  wa;  1 
other  fellows  are  making  money.  Hundreds  of  ways  you  can  j 
more  out  of  the  same  work  you  are  doing  now. 

Cyclopedia  of 

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Contracting 


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-    -   and  diagrams.     It 


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does  not  obligate  yon  to  buy. 

American  Technical  Society,  Dept.  G-3'C 


How  to  Write  and 
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What  You  Should 
Know  About  Water 
Supply  and  Drain- 
age. 


How  to  Estimti 
the  Cost  of  a  Bid 
ing. 


You  Should 
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y   and    Build- 


How  to  Build  a 
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What  You  Should 
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tracts and  Legal 
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|  Ought  To  Know 

old    days    of    hit-or-miss    experience    are 

You  have  got  to  know  if  you  want  to  keep 

unning  now.    A  little  of  your  spare  time  and 

blopedia  of  Carpentry  and  Contracting  will 

ix  'way  ahead  of  the  rest.     See  our  FREE 

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EXAMINATION  COUPON 


AMERICAN  TECHNICAL   SOCIETY,   Dept.  G-36C,   Chicago. 

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Name. 


Address. 


IL 


34  THE     CARP  EXTER 

'•We  recognize  the  immensity  of  the  task  to  educate  ;ix  million  wor] 
to  become  consistent  in  their  purchasing  power  and  to  spread  their  ear:, 
judiciously  and  in  the  interest  and  promotion  of  their  fellow  union  men.  and 
to  that  end  recommend  to  the  General  Executive  Board  and  Officers  of  the 
Department  to  circularize  the  forty  thousand  affiliated  Local  Unions  in 
the  International  Organizations  affiliated  with  the  Federation  and  gradually 
as  the  financial  resources  of  the  Department  improve  to  enlarge  the  scope 
of  the  educational  propaganda  through  literature,  as  this,  in  our  opinion. 
is  one  of  the  principal  fundamental  functions  of  the  Department. 

"We  appreciate  the  aid  and  support  rendered  to  the  general  promotion 
of  the  Union  Label  by  the  many   voluntary   organizers   and  the   salaried 
organizers  of  the  A.  F.  of  L..  who  devote  time  to  this  work,  and  recommend 
that  the  officers  of  the  Department  appear  from  time  to  time  before  the 
Executive  Board  urging  more  assistance  to  the  general  task  of  the  educa- 
tion of  the  workers  along  these  lines.     We  also  recommend  that  the  off 
of  International  Unions  be  requested  by  this  Convention  to  work  in  • 
co-operation  with  the  Department  in  all  their  work  for  the  Label.  Card  and 
Button,  to  the  end  that  the  Department  will  be  able  to  render  efficient  and 
prompt  co-operation/' 
The  Financial  Report  of  the  Department  showed  the  total  income  for  the  fiscal 

year  ending  April  30..   1922.  was   S40.936.79,  while  the  total  expenditures  for  the 

same  period  was  >'o7.S97.72.  leaving  a  balance  on  hand  for  the  year  of  £3.0 

The  total  amount  of  funds  of  the  Department  April  30,  1922.  was  §28,386.72. 

In  order  to  create  a  demand  for  the  Label  of  our  organization  on  household  fur- 
niture your  delegates  introduced  the  following  resolution,  which  was  concurred  in 

by  the  Convention : 

•WHEREAS,  The  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of 
America  has  taken  a  firm  and  uncompromising  stand  by  insisting  upon  the 
members  of  its  organization  only  purchasing  goods  bearing  the  Union  Label 
of  other  trades  whenever  it  is  possible  to  secure  them,  and 

•  'WHEREAS.  The  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of 
America,  has.  since  its  affiliation  with  the  Union  Label  Trades  Department. 
been  a  consistent  and  loyal  part  thereof,  therefore  be  it 

"RE Si "iLVED.  That  this  Convention  go  on  record  and  advise  all  the 
organizations  affiliated  therewith  to  have  their  members  when  purchasing 
office  furniture,  filing  cabinets,  desks,  household  furniture,  etc..  or  any  other 
commodity,  on  which  the  Label  can  be  used,  to  demand  and  insist  upon 
goods  bearing  the  Union  Label  of  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and 
Joiners  of  America  in  order  to  bring  about  the  general  use  of  Union  Labeled 
wood  products." 

During  the  past  year  the  following  International  Unions  became  affili- 
ated with  the  Union  Label  Trades  Department : 
Journeymen  Tailors'  Union  of  America. 
Metal  Engravers'  International  Union. 
Upholsterers'  International  Union  of  North  America. 
During  the  year  Charters  were  issued  to  twenty-seven  Label  Leagues 
in  the  following  cities  : 

Albany.  Ala.  Parkersburg.  W.  Ta. 

Auburn.  N.  Y.  Peoria,  Til. 

Bremerton,  Wash.  Quincy,  HI. 

Carbondale,  Pa.  Richmond,  Ya. 

Clinton,   Ind.  Sacramento,  Cal. 

Crookston.  Minn.  Shelbyville,  Ind. 

Ed  wards  ville.  El.  Tacoma.  Wash. 

Everett.  Wash.  The  Dalles,  Ore. 

Fairmount.  W.  Ya.  Two  Harbors.  Minn. 

Gadsden,  Ala.  Walla,  Walla.  Wash. 

Horton,   Kans.  Washington  State  Federation  of  Labor. 

Miles  City.  Mont.  Wilkes  Barre,  Pa. 

Morgantown.  W.  Ya.  Yakima,  Wash, 

Niagara  Falls.  X.  Y, 


IE    CARPENTER  35 

The  average  monthly  meirbership  of  (he  affiliated   International  Organizations 
on  which  they  paid  per  capita  tax  during  the  past  year  is  as  follows : 

American  Federation  of  Labor 1,608 

Bakery  and  Confectionary  Workers'  International  Union  of  America 24,836 

Barbers'  International  Union,  Journeymen 45,237 

Bill  Posters  and  Billers  of  America. 1,600 

Bookbinders,    International    Brotherhood    of 16,327 

Boot  and  Shoe  Workers'  Union 40,201 

Brewery,  Flour,  Cereal  and  Soft  Drink  Workers  of  America,  International 

Union   of   United 19,000 

Broom  and  Whisk  Makers,  International 790 

Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America,  United  Brotherhood  of 25,000 

Cigar  Makers'  International  Union  of  America 32,011 

;Clerks'  International  Protective  Association,  Retail 10,000 

Coopers'  International  Union  of  North  America 2,767 

Electrical  Workers  of  America,  International  Brotherhood  of 10,000 

Engravers'  International  Union,   Metal 136 

Engravers'  Union  of  North  America,  International  Photo 6,525 

Garment  Workers   of  America,   United 47,506 

■  Hatters   of  North  America,   United 11,500 

Hotel   and  Restaurant   Employes'    International    Alliance  and    Bartenders' 

I         International  League  of  America 20,000 

:'ron,  Steel  and  Tin  Workers,  Amalgamated  Association  of  (11  months)  .  .  .  3,102 

, Laundry  Workers'  International  Union , 6,500 

weather  Workers,  United,  International  Union. ,  1,250 

Machinists,  International  Association  of , 500 

Meat  Cutters  and  Butcher  Workmen  of  North  America,  Amalgamated 9,333 

Metal  Workers'  International  Alliance,  Amalgamated  Sheet.  .  „ 6,250 

Molders'  Union  of  North  America,  International 1,000 

Musicians,  American  Federation  of 75.000 

'aper  Makers,  International  Brotherhood  of 5,000 

'olishers,    Metal,    International    Union 2,000 

'rinters  and  Color  Mixers  of  the  United  States,  Machine,  National  Associa- 
tion of    550 

'rinters  and  Die  Stampers'  Union  of  North  America,  International  Plate.  .  .  1,567 

Minting  Pressmen's  and  Assistants'  Union  of  North  America,  International  37,000 
tailway   Employes    of   America,    Amalgamated   Association    of   Steel    and 

Electric 20,000 

tate  Employes   and   Moving   Picture   Machine   Operators    of   the   United 

States  and  Canada,  International  Alliance  of  Theatrical 19,533 

tereotypers'  and  Electrotypers'  Union  of  North  America,  International.  .  5,9S9 

tove  Mounters'   International   Union 650 

'ailors'    Union    of   America.    Journeymen 12,000 

'eamsters,   Chauffeurs,   Stablemen  and  Helpers  of  America,   International 

Brotherhood  of 20.000 

textile  Workers  of  America,  United 3.000 

'obacco  Workers'  International  Union 3,403 

ypographical  Union,  International 68,853 

'pholsterers'  International  Union  of  North  America 7.000 

leavers'   Protective  Association,   America   Wive 380 

In  the  opinion  of  your  delegates  the  Department  has  done  much  to  foster  the- 
se of  the  Union  Label,  Shop  Card  and  Button  and  undoubtedly  even  more  beneficial 
?sults  will  eminate  therefrom  during  the  coming  year. 


£0 


T  H  E     CARPS X T E  R 


With  the  election  of  the  following  officers  for  the  coming  year  the  Fifteenth 
Annual  Convention  of  the  Union  Label  Trades  Department  adjourned : 

Mr.  J.  TV.  Hays.  President. 

Mr.  Jacob  Fischer.  First  Vice-President. 

Mr.  G.  W.  Perkins,  Second  Vice-Presi    »nt 

Mr.  Matthew  Woll.  Third  Vice-President. 

Mr.  Joseph  Proebstle.  Fourth  Vice-President." 

Mr.  Charles  Baine.  Fifth  Vice-President. 

Mr.  John  J.  Manning.  Secretary- Treasurer. 

war.  L.  HUTCHESON, 
JOHN   T.    COSGROVE, 
WALTER   E.    GEBELELX. 
Delegates. 


New        Locals   Chartered 

Muzquiz  Coali,  Mexico. 

Espanola.  Ont,  Can.   (Millwrights  and  Carpen- 
ters.) 

Graf  ord.  Tex.  Greenville,  S.  C. 

Philadelphia,  Pa.  Ontario,  Cal. 

Van  Xuys,  CaL  Carlisle,  Ind. 

Richmond,  Ya, 

Total,  9  Local  Unions. 

• 

Foreigh  Labor  Notes 
At  the  beginning  of  April  percentage 
of  British  trade  union  membership  un- 
employed "was  reported  by  the  Labor 
Board  at  16.3  per  cent,  which  was  un- 
changed from  that  of  the  previous 
month.  In  April.  1921,  the  percentage 
was  10,  and  in  1920,  it  was  1.1. 

*  *      * 

The  Swiss  Federal  Council  introduced 
a  bill  in  the  chamber  authorizing  the 
Government  to  lengthen  the  legal  work- 
ing week  to  54  hours. 

*  *      * 

The  general  lockout  of  unionized  la- 
bor throughout  Denmark  was  called  off. 
The  lockout  began  with  strike  troubles 
and  tied  up  all  branches  of  industry.  It 
had  been  in  effect  about  a  month. 

*  *      * 

Workers  in  all  Italian  ports  began 
untangling  the  huge  mass  of  cargo  which 
had  accumulated  for  the  12  days  the 
men  were  on  strike.  The  men  accepted 
the  Government's  promise  to  introduce 
changes  in  working  conditions  prevailing 
at  Naples,  where  the  strike  began. 

*  *      * 

Despite  the  many  differences  in  caste 
and  tribal  relations,  trade  unionism  is 
said  to  be  making  remarkable  headway 
in  India. 

*  *      * 

The  Board  of  Trade,  of  which  Judge 
G.  8.  Beeby  is  President,  fixed  the  basic 
wage  in  Australia  at  78  shillings  (rough- 
ly £17.16)  weekly  weekly.  The  highest 
wage  previously  fixed  was  85  shillings 
($18:70),  which  was  reduced  by  3  shill- 
ings (66c)  last  October. 


1  rade  Notes 

L.  U.  101S.  Duquesne.  Pa.,  advises 
that  the  Builders"  Exchange  have  in- 
creased the  wages  of  carpenters  from 
§8  to  $9,  although  they  have  an  agree- 
ment with  them  that  does  not  expire 
until  February  28,  1923. 

*  *      * 

L.  E.  X  .  389,  sloatsburg.  N.  T.,  re- 
ports that  they  have  signed  up  all  their 
contractors,  with  the  exception  of  two, 
and  their  agreement  calls  for  f  1  an  hour 
and  a  44-hour  week. 

*  *      * 

Carpenters*  wages  at  Pittsburgh.  Pa., 
are  advanced  from  $S  to  §9.  Last  fall 
the  carpenters  accepted  the  $8  rate  with 
the  understanding  that  rates  would  ad- 
vance if  the  Master  Builders'  Associa- 
tion negotiated  higher  rates  with  other 
unions. 


Information  Wanted 
Any  one  knowing  of  a  person  going 
by  the  name  of  Hunstein  or  Kunstein, 
who  is  5  ft.  8  in.  tall,  weighs  about  160 
pounds,  dark  hair  and  has  a  scar  on 
right  jaw.  notify  Harry  T.  Washabaugh, 
F.  S..  L.  D.  No.  616,  563  Pleasant  St., 
Chanibersbure.  Pa. 


Some  Folk 
By  V.  H.  Shannon.) 
"Some  folk  I  know,  when  troubles  come, 
Content  themselves   by  looking  glum ; 
And  shnt  their  hearts  to  sympathy 
And  act  unhappy  as  can  be. 

And  then,  I  know  some  other  folk, 
Who  treat  their  troubles  as  a  joke ; 
And  smile  alike  in  sun  or  rain. 
Although  their  hearts  are  full  of  pain. 

And  someway  I  can't  help  but  feel. 
That  folk  who  let  their  troubles  steal 
Into  their  hearts  and  multiply 
Will  sink  beneath  their 

And  folk  who  try,  although  with  pain, 
To  drown  their  troubles,  rise  again. 
And.  by  their  courage  in  the  fray. 
Will  find  the  broader,  better  way."' 


Our   Last   General   Convention 

recommended   that    we 

Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising  of  the  Union  Label  of 
ie  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
e  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
nd  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
lat  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 

PLAYING  CARDS 

(Illustration  below) 


e  want  to  get  the 
Ivertising  of  o  u  r 
ibel  in  hundreds  of 
ousands  of  homes, 
well  as  clubs,  etc. 
is  an  indisputable 
et  that  a  depend- 
>le  grade  of  play- 
g  cards  with  "ad" 
•  back,  carries  the 
essage  of  PUB- 
CITY  —  not  for  a 
y— but  IMPRES- 
VELY  and  for  in- 
finite period. 
itli  our  four  hun- 
ed  thousand  mein- 
rs  to  use  and  dis- 
bute  the  adver- 
:ement  that  these 
rds  carry,  wonder- 
1  results  will  be 
hieved. 

>u  won't  have  to 
ologize  for  the 
ality  of  the  Broth- 
!iood  playing 
i'ds. 


'  VOIH3WV AO  SH3NI0P  ONV 


The  cards  will  b© 
furnished  in  either 
(or  both)  regular 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  are 
urged  to  carry  a 
supply  of  cards  on 
hand  to  meet  de- 
mands at  all  times. 

We  hope  our  entire 
membership  will  in- 
terest themselves  in 
seeing  that  their 
friends  use  Brother- 
hood cards. 

There  is  but  a  small 
percentage  of  people 
who  don't  use  play- ' 
ing  cards  for  inno- 
cent amusement, 
hence  the  opportun- 
ity is  big  for  adver- 
tising our  Label 
through  this  me- 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

id  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing  a  grade  of  cards 
lly  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  the 
rds  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders,  accompanied  by  remittance,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary, 
irpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 


orrospondoncQ 


L.  U.  No.  73  Celebrates  Its  Silver  Jubilee 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

I  trust  you  can  find  space  in  our 
Journal  to  tell  the  members  of  the  Unit- 
ed Brotherhood  of  the  silver  jubilee 
which  our  Local  celebrated  on  June  17th, 
last.  This  was  the  25th  year  since  the 
consolidation  and  we  thought  the  occa- 
sion necessitated  a  "blow  out."  In  fact 
it  was  one  grand  "kiddies  day"  and  there 
was  no  limit  to  ticketc  for  pony  rides, 
merry-go-rounds,  ice  cream,  etc.  And 
last,  but  not  least,  was  the  "Barbecue" 
with  1000  pounds  of  beef,  250  pounds 
of  pork,  bread  and  coffee  and  there  was 
enough  left  for  the  General  Officers, 
whom,  we  regretted  very  much,  could 
not  accept  our  cordial  invitation  and  at- 
tend. We  presented  our  newly  elected 
Business  Agent,  J.  J.  Miedrich,  with  ah 
emblem  ring  suitably  inscribed.  He  has 
.been  one  of  our  Trustees  for  25  years. 
A  great  deal  of  credit  is  due  to  the  En- 
tertainment Committee,  Brothers  Paul 
DeLille,  J.  M.  Walsh,  Wm.  M.  Davis  and 
Geo.  C.  Newman  for  the  able  manner 
they  handled  the  attendance,  which  was 
nearly  3,500.  Altogether  it  was  a  huge 
success  and  we  hope  to  hear  from  other 
Locals  in  the  near  future. 

Fraternally  yours, 
GEO.   C.   NEWMAN,   R.   S. 
L.  U.  No.  73.  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Objects  To  Signing  Pledge 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

Below  I  am  quoting  an  item  from  the 
"Philadelphia  Record"  in  regard  to  the 
Sesqui  Centennial  pledge  distributed  by 
the  Philadelphia  Chamber  of  Commerce. 

I  have  been  instructed  by  the  District 
Council  to  refer  this  to  you  and  ask  that 
it  be  published  in  "The  Carpenter."  We 
strenuously  object  to  signing  any  such 
pledge,  as  we  anticipate  having  this 
work  done  by  Organized  Labor  in  the 
city  of  Philadelphia. 

Fraternally  yours, 
W.   T.   ALLEN,   Secy.-Treas. 
Philadelphia  District  Council. 


wards  making  the  Sesquicentennial  Ex- 
position a  success,  and  to  refrain  from 
any  action  that  tends  to  obstruct  or  de- 
lay it  in  any  fashion,  is  being  distributee 
by  the  Industrial  Relations  Committee 
of  the  Philadelphia  Chamber  of  Com- 
merce. 

"In  the  pledge  that  is  being  signecj 
are  clauses  such  as  the  following: 

"  'In  order  to  serve  our  city  and  our 
selves  thus,  there  must  be  no  interfer 
ence  in  work  by  strikes  and  lockouts. 

"  'Freedom  from  interruptions  in  worl 
and  proper  co-operation  between  em; 
ployer  and  employe  can  be  obtainec; 
when  the  principles  of  individual  liberty: 
freedom  and  contract,  and  equality  o> 
opportunity  which  form  the  basis  of  ou 
national  institutions  prevail.' 

"The  definite  pledge  is  that  the  signe 
agrees  that  between  this  time  and  th 
completion  of  the  Sesquicentennial  'J 
will  neither  join  in  nor  foment  strikes! 
or  other  interruptions  of  industrial  ac 
tivity,  but  will  individually  make  agreej 
ments  directly  with  my  employers,  an<] 
having  made  such  agreements,  will  kee,, 
them  as  a  duty  of  sacred  honor.'  " 


"A  patriotic  pledge,    carrying  with  it 
an   agreement  to  bend   every   effort   to- 


A  Hobo's  Philosophy 

We  are  just  in  receipt  of  a  communi 
cation    from   Davenport,    la.,    which   w 
are  publishing  herewith : 
Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

I  am  not  a  carpenter,  nor  yet  a  uniol 
member,  having  taken  the  Gypsy  vo^j 
to  do  as  I  wish  at  all  times,  but  lookin 
at  your  May  issue,  it  strikes  me  thai 
you  and  others  in  your  class  are  neg 
lecting  your  biggest  gun  in  the  wag! 
controversy — the  matter  of  taxes. 

Make  a  special  study  of  the  origii 
history  and  source  of  all  tax  and  yoj 
will  find  it  a  mine.  It  is  estimated  th 
the  total  cost  of  government  in  the  Uni 
ed  States  is  now  about  seven  billion  dol 
lars  per  year,  and  while  it  is  paid  b 
owners  and  traders,  it  is  collected  bjj 
them  from  producers  and  wage  earners. 

The  amount  is  6c  to  7c  per  hour,  levie 
on  all  useful  labor  performed.  One  wl} 
gets  little  spends  little,  and  pays  les 
than  his  share  of  tax.     The  less  thei 


THE     CARPENTER 


o  spend,  the  less  the  trader  can  pay. 
A  lat  neither  the  producer  nor  the  trader 
s,  must  be  paid  by  the  owner  and 
en  a  starvation  wage  scale  is  en- 
■i'd  the  taxes  will  absorb  both  the 
i»rest  and  dividends,  so  that  all  will 
broke  together. 

'he  silliest  stuff  I  see  in  print  these 
s  are  the  discussions  on  the  relations 
"labor  and  capital" — ain't  no  such 
nals.  Human  society  consists  of  a 
if  animals,  mostly  fools  and  flunkeys, 
.li  trying  to  get  ahead  of  the  other  in 
ie  manner.  The  flunkeys,  who  have 
lined  prominence  as  high  salaried 
lagers,  wear  a  collar  a  little  stiffer 
harder  than  that  worn  by  the  rough- 
Is,  so  they  hold  up  their  heads  and 
«c  proud,  but  they  are  in  a  bad  fix  just 
same. 

'he  owners,  whether  they  earned  or 
tiled  for  what  they  have,  or  were  born 
tj  it,  have  of  themselves  little"  control 
<>  •  their  holdings,  but  must  depend  on 
tl  r  flunkeys  and  servants  to  manage 
it  and  set  out  each  other's  portion, 
w  le  they  take  what  is  served  to  them, 
ii  uding  the  cussing  which  their  flun- 
fttfs  have  earned. 

'/hat  is  really  needed  is  a  reform  in 
tl  religion  of  flunkeys  in  general.  The 
hi  t  foolish  idea  that  pervades  the  so- 
li system  is  the  idea  that  low  wages 
i  cheap  service  is  a  gain  for  the 
o\  ers. 

he  more  each  of  us  gets,  the  more 
■ff  us  will  have,  and  the  more  comfort 
tl  e  will  be  in  the  world. 

ean  horses  never  made  a  farmer  rich, 
n»  poor  neighbors  a  prosperous  town. 

HOBO. 


D  fou  Insist  On  the  Label  On  Garments 
Purchased? 

I  or,  "The  Carpenter": 

ur  association,  employing  only  mem- 
«    of   the    United    Garment    Workers. 

II  "sing  the  Union   Label   on   all   gar- 

III  ts  made,  is  very  anxious  to  have  our 
l;i  »ries  work  full   capacity,  but  it  ap- 

-  that  Organized  Labor  is  not  mak- 
the  demand  on  work  clothing  that 
I  should.  You  are  well  aware  that 
Pjj-only  guarantee  your  members  can 
!"  ;i|l.v  have,  is  to  see  that  the  Union 
•;  1  appears  on  every  garment. 

would    therefore    request    that    you 

I  ly  call  the  attention  of  your  mem- 

p  to  this  matter  and  have  them  see 

1    all    garments    purchased    by    them 

p    the  Label  of  the  United   Garment 


Using  Tobacco 

Perhaps  you've  tried  to  stop  using1  tobacco 
only  to  find  that  the  habit  has  such  a  hold  on  you 
that  you  gave  up  trying. 

You  know,  better  than  anyone  else,  that  you  ought  to  stop 
because,  sooner  or  later,  it  is  bound  to  undermine  your  health. 
Heart  trouble,  indigestion  dyspepsia,  nervousness,  insomnia, 
poor  eyesight  —  these  and  many  other  disorders  can  often 
be  traced  directly  to  the  use  of  tobacco.  Besides  it  is  an 
expensive,  utterly  useless  habit. 

Habit  Banished 

Let  Us  Help  You 

No  matter  how  firm  a  grip  tobacco  has  on  you — no  matter 
whether  you've  been  smoking  cigarB,  pipe  or  cigarettes  or 
chewing  plug  or  fine  cut  for  a  .  .onth  or  50  years— Tobacco 
Redeemer  will  positively  remove  all  craving  for  tobacco  in 
any  form  in  a  very  few  days.  It  does  its  work  so  quickly  (hat  all 
tobacco  "hunger"  is  gone  almost  before  you  know  it.  The  desire  for  a 
smoke  or  a  chew  usually  begins  to  decrease  after  the  very  first  dose. 

Tobacco  Redeemer  contains  no  habit-forming  drugs  of  any  kind — it  is 
in  no  sense  a  tobacco  substitute.  It  does  not  cause  the  slightest  shock 
to  the  nervous  system;  on  the  contra'-y,  it 
often  helps  to  quiet  the  nerves  and  mike 
you  feel  better  in  every  way. 

SEND  Coupon  for 


Get  our  free  booklet.  Tells 
you  all  about  the  deadly  ef 
fects  of  tobacco  and  how 
easy  it  is   now   to   quit.    We  will  also 
r:nd   you   copies  of   letters  from   con 
fined  users    telling   how    this   simple, 
Lome-treatment  freed  them  absolute 
ly  from  the  habit.    Just  mail  coupon— 
or  a  postal  will  do. 


NEWELL  PHARMACAL  CO. 

Dept.    916  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Send  me  without  obligation  to  me  in  any  way.  proof  that  Tobacco 
Kedpemer  will  positively  free  me  from  the  Tobacco  Habit  or  my  money 
will  be  refunded. 


Street  and  No. 


Town State. 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


Workers  only.  In  this  way  you  will 
assist  their  organization  as  well  as  our 
association. 

Would  urge  very  strongly  that  your 
members  do  not  accept  any  substitutes 
but  insist  on  the  Union  Label  on  every 
garment. 

Trusting  to  hear  from  you,  I  remain, 
Respectfully  yours, 
ROBT.  J.  NOREN,   Gen.   Secy. 
Union-Made   Garment  Manufacturers' 
Association  of  America. 


Some  Boxmaker 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

I  enclose  a  clipping  from  a  Twin  City 
paper,  I  wish  to  remark  that  Mr.  Willis 
Bell  is  some  fast  man.  We  don't  breed 
'em  that  fast  in  Minnesota,  if  they  do  I 
have  never  saw  one  on  exhibition. 

"Willis  Bell  is  the  champion  apple 
boxmaker  of  the  northwest — an  ordinary 
day's  work  for  him  being  about  600  of 
these  wooden  containers.  When  he  feels 
like  putting  a  little  extra  effort  into  his 
day  he  can  forge  out  200  more.  At  La 
Grande,  Ore.,  last  year  Bell  turned  out 
7,000  boxes  in  10  days  of  six  hours  each. 
There  are  32  nails  to  a  box  and  from 
five  to  seven  boards  to  handle.  A  sim- 
ple contrivance  holds  the  two  ends  while 
the  side  pieces  are  laid  flat.  Bell  never 
gives  a  nail  more  than  a  single  blow. 
Bell  receives  from  2  to  2%c  per  box." 

You  will  notice  he  averages  116  2-3 
boxes  per  hour  for  sixty  hours.  He  also 
averages  3,723  nails  per  hour  during 
that  time,  and  never  gives  a  nail  more 
than  a  single  blow.  I  have  met  some 
fast  lothers  in  my  time,  but  it  always 
took  the  second  blow  to  send  the  nail 
home.  I  wonder  if  any  of  the  brothers 
in  the  Middle  or  Eastern  States  can  beat 
Mr.  Bell's  record? 

JOHN  MASON. 
L.  U.  No.  307.  Winona,  Minn. 


Something  To  Think  Over 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

From  time  to  time  we  have  received 
communications  containing  resolutions 
to  reduce  the  per  capita  tax  to  our  In- 
ternational Headquarters,  also  a  resolu- 
tion to  reduce  officers'  salaries.  Now,  if 
some  Local  Union  wants  to  start  some- 
thing that  is  really  worth  while,  why 
not  amend  the  Constitution  so  that  mem- 
bers engaging  in  contracting  will  be  au- 
tomatically dropped  from  membership  in 
the  United  Brotherhood. 


Contractors  in  other  branches  of  th 
building  trades  are  not  permitted  to  hol< 
membership  in  their  various  Locals  am 
I  don't  believe  they  should  in  the  ear 
penters.  There  are  cases  where  cod 
tractors  are  still  holding  their  member 
ship  in  the.  United  Brotherhood,  and  ar 
members  of  the  Employers'  Associatio 
at  the  same  time,  and  this  is  a  violatio 
of  the  Constitution,  but  some  of  thei 
are  hard  to  catch. 

So  the  only  thing  to  do  is  to  drop  thei 
all  as  soon  as  they  start  contracting 
But  in  case  one  of  them  doesn't  make 
success  of  contracting  and  wants  to  r«J 
turn  to  his  Local  Union,  I  would  be  i 
favor  of  re-instating  him  for  a  smalk 
fee  than  is  usually  charged  a  new  men; 
ber.  What  does  the  rest  of  the  men 
bership  think  of  it? 

Fraternally  yours, 

JOHN   MASON.   R.   S. 
L.  U.  No.  307.  Winona,  Min 


Resolution  Adopted  By  Union  Label 
Trades  Department 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

The  Convention  of  the  Union  Lab 
Trades  Department  of  the  Americi 
Federation  of  Labor,  held  in  Cincinna 
O.,  June  8-9,  1922,  adopted  the  follow 
ing  resolution,  which  is  communicate 
to  the  affiliated  International  Unioi 
Union  Label  Sections,  and  Labor  Jov 
nals  in  accordance  with  the  instructio 
contained  therein : 

Whereas,  The  Schlitz,  Pabst,  Mill 
and  Gettleman  Brewing  Companies,  ' 
Milwaukee,  Wis.,  and  the  Milwaukf 
Waugesha  Brewery,  known  as  tbe  ¥■ 
Head  Spring  Beverage  Company  ■ 
Waukesha,  Wis.,  declared  for  the  "opt 
shop,"  and 

Whereas,  The  Brewery  Workers'  I 
cal  Union  of  Milwaukee  and  Waukesi 
and  the  international  representatives  E 
the  International  Union  of  United  Bre- 
ery,  Flour,  Cereal  and  Soft  Drink  Woi 
ers  of  America,  made  every  honora ' 
effort  to  effect  an  adjustment  with  jp 
above-named  firms,  with  whoom  w 
had  contracted  relations  for  over  > 
years,  and 

Whereas,  The  efforts  of  the  Lo-1 
Unions  and  the  International  Union  w  e 
unsuccessful  because  of  the  unfair  a  - 
tude  of  these  firms,  all  members  eh 
ployed  were  compelled  to  go  on  strike  a 
April  17th,  and 


THE    CARPENTER 


41 


Whereas,  The  Schlitz.  Pabst,  and 
liller  Breweries  are  extensive  shippers 
f  beverages  and  malt  syrups,  whose 
redacts  are  sold  in  a  great  number  of 
ities  in  the  United  States ;  therefore  be 

Resolved,  That  the  Union  Label 
'miles  Department  of  the  American 
federation  of  Labor  in  Convention  as- 
,'inbled  in  Cincinnati,  O.,  condemn  the 
ufair  attitude  of  these  firms,  and  be  it 
tirther 

Resolved,  That  the  Union  Label 
'rades  Department  render  all  possible 
loral  assistance  to  the  Brewery  Work- 
rs  of  Milwaukee  and  Waukesha  in  their 
;truggle  against  the  "open  shop,"  and  be 
;  further 

Resolved,  That  the  officers  of  the 
'nion  Label  Trades  Department  be,  and 
re  hereby,  directed  to  urge  all  affiliated 
International  Unions  and  Labor  Journals 
|o  give  space  in  their  columns  calling  at- 
tention to  their  members  to  the  unfair 
Ittitude  of  the  firms  mentioned  and  also 
[rge  the  Label  Sections  affiliated  with 
fiie  Department  to  give  this  matter  their 
;pecial  attention. 
With  best  wishes,  I  am, 

Fraternally  yours, 

JOHN  J.   MANNING. 
ecretary-Treasurer,  Union  Label  Trades 
Department. 


The  Worker  and  the  Artist 

Two  men  I  honor,  and  no  third.  First, 
le  toil-Avorn  Craftsman  that  with  earth- 
uule  Implement  laboriously  conquers 
lie  Earth,  and  makes  her  man's.  Veuer- 
ble  to  me  is  the  hard  Hand ;  crooked, 
oarse;  wherein  notwithstanding  lies  a 
craning  virtue,  indefensibly  royal,  as  of 
tie  Sceptre   of  this    Planet.      Venerable 

10  is  the  rugged  face,  all  weather- 
umed,  besoiled,  with  its  rude  in- 
dulgence; for  it  is  the  face  of  a  Man 
ving  manlike.  *  *  *  A  second  man  I 
onor,  and  still  more  highly :  Him  who 
!  seen  toiling  for  the  spiritually  indis- 
ensable;  not  daily  bread,  but  the  bread 
f  Life.  Is  not  he  too  in  his  duty ;  en- 
eavoring  toward  inward  Harmony ;  re- 
ealing  this,  by  act  or  by  word,  through 

11  his  outward  endeavors,  be  they  high 
r  low?  Highest  of  all.  when  his  out- 
•'ard  and  his  inward  endeavor  are  one : 
■'hen  he  can  name  him  Artist ;  not  earth- 
7  Craftsman  only,  but  inspired  Thinker, 
'ho  with  Heaven-made  Implement  con- 
uers  Heaven  for  us ! — Walt  Whitman. 


Be  a  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More,  Yearly 

N  e  w,    tin  crowded 
field.   Architects  and 
general     contractors 
w  the  American 
Universal  and 
prefer  its  work. 
They  prefer  to 
sublet  the  floor 
surfacing,  as  it 
is    a    big    busi- 
ness   in    itself. 

We  furnish  of- 
fice forms,  ad- 
vertising, etc., 
in  f  a  c  t,  we 
practically  set 
a  man  up  in 
business. 

Business 
comes 
easily. 


Big  Building    Boom   is 
Here 

Building  has  started  all  over  the  coutniy.  There 
are  innumerable  opportunities  for  those  equipped  to 
handle  the  work  of  floor  surfacing.  The  American 
Universal  Machine  is  essential  to  hustlers.  Get  in  on 
the   ground   floor — get   the   machine   now. 

Re-Surface  Old  Floors 

With  the  American  Universal  Floor  Surfacing  Jin- 
chine,  old  floors  can  be  made  lil;e  new  and  new  floors 
made  perfect.  The  field  is  wide;  every  building  is  a 
prospect. 

c:a  into  a  big  paying  business  of  your  own.  Floor 
surfacing  contractors  often  pay  for  machine  first 
month  and  make  a  good  profit  besides. 

WRITE  TODAY  for  full  informa- 
tion.    Act  NOW. 


Seize    this    opportunity    to    get    into    a    Business    of 
your   own.       Write   today    for   complete    literature. 

The  American  Floor  Surfacing 
Machine  Co. 

522  So.  St.    Clair  Street,  Toledo  Ohio, 


Casual  Comment 


We  have  fought  and  won  the'  fight 
against  the  so-called  "American  Plan." 
Now  we  should  fight  to  build  up  our 
organization  so  that  it  may  withstand 
any  onsloughts  made  against  it.  Hustle 
for  that  500,000. 

Federal  authorities  at  Washington  de- 
clare there  is  no  change  in  the  question 
of  recognizing  Mexico,  but  Mexico  is 
used  to  being  unrecognized. 


There  is  no  use  quarrelling  with  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States.  It 
has  spoken  and  it's  will  must  be  obeyed. 
There  is,  however,  a  greater  court,  su- 
preme over  all,  and  that  is  the  con- 
science, the  heart  and  soul  of  the  Amer- 
ican people  and  who,  by  constitutional 
amendment  may  undo  the  harm  that  the 
Supreme  Court  has  inflicted  on  those  un- 
able to  protect  themselves — the  children 
of  the  nation. 


The  Fitzgerald  amendment  to  the  Fed- 
eral Constitution  giving  the  National 
Government  power  to  regulate  child  la- 
bor, should  meet  with  the  hearty  ap- 
proval of  all  members  of  Organized 
Labor. 

*  *      * 

Trade  unionists  who  believe  in  signs 
very  often  fail  to  see  the  absence  of  the 
Union  Label,  shop  card  or  working 
button. 

*  *      * 

If  all  of  the  American  people  could 
read  the  hearings  in  full  upon  the  pend- 
ing Ship  Subsidy  Bill  there  would  hi 
such  a  storm  of  protest  that  its  pro 
ponents  would  not  even  dare  to  report 
out. 

Railroad  rates  will  never  be  fairly  nc 
satisfactorily  fixed  until  they  are  base 
not  on  fictitious  value,  but  on  the  actua 
physical  value  of  the  properties'  coi 
cerned. 


Samuel  Untermeyer,  the  noted  New 
York  attorney,  virtually  says  the  house 
of  Morgan  is  superior  to  the  Govern- 
ment, or  rather,  is  the  Government.  The 
house  of  Morgan  is  the  head  of  the  labor 
busting  movement. 

*  *      * 

Thomas  Jefferson  once  said,  and  we 
are  today  finding  out  the  truth  of  his  as- 
sertion that,  "The  germ  of  disolution  of 
our  Federal  Government  is  in  the  judi- 
ciary, an  irresponsible  body  working  like 
gravity  by  day  and  night,  gaining  a  lit- 
tle today  and  gaining  a  little  tomorrow, 
and  advancing  its  noiseless  step  like  a 
thief  over  the  fields  of  jurisprudence  un- 
til all  shall  be  usurped." 

It  seems,  from  reports,  that  the  so- 
called  "Citizens'  Committee'  of  Chicago, 
is  not  meeting  with  the  success  it  de- 
sires. It  finds  itself  unable  to  control 
its  own  contractors  and  compel  them  to 
abide  by  the  Landis  Award.  How  the 
mighty  have  fallen ! 

*  *      * 

The  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury  says 
it  is  dangerous  to  have  too  much  money 
on  hand  at  one  time.  Good.  Now  there 
is  something  that  wage  earners  won't 
have  to  worry  about,  anyway. 


Decision  of  the  Charles  Town  trial; 
will  not  settle  West  Virginia's  problem 
But  if  they're  real  American  verdicts 
they're  going  to  help  a  lot.  The  rest  o 
the  settling  is  up  to  the  people  of  tin 
United  States  and  their  duly  elected  rep 
resentatives  at  Washington. 

*  *      * 

Garyized  newspaper  editors  are  furi 
ous  because  President  Gompers  told  Mr 
Samuel  Untermej^er  that  courts  are  in 
variably  on  the  side  of  capitalists,  anc 
that  organized  workers  will  resist  stafo 
regulation.  These  editors  are  at  leas 
logical  in  their  frenzy — they  refuse  t< 
accept  the  modern  ideal  that  labor  is  no 
a  commodity. 

*  :■:  * 

The  West  Virginia  conception  of  trea 
son  is  any  act  that  tends  in  any  way  t| 
challenge  the  feudalistic  powers  of  th 
coal  barons. 

*  :;.-         * 

The  Kansas  Court  of  Industrial  Rela 
tions  refused  to  go  to  the  bat  in  Federa 
Court  to  test  the  validity  of  "can't  strik 
law."  Under  the  conditions  the  retrea 
of  the  court  indicates  that  it  is  afraid  t 
present  a  clear-cut  case  in  the  Feders 
Courts  to  determine  the  constitutions 
status  of  the  law. 


J 


even  Problems  for  Practice  in  Framing 
Roofs  of  Equal  Pitch 

(By  Richard  M.  Van  Gaasbeek.) 

School     of     Science    and     Technology, 
Pratt    Institute,    Brooklyn,    N.    Y.) 

Reprint   From   "A  Practical   Course   in 
Roof  Framing,"  F.  J.  Drake  &  Co., 

Publishers,  Chicago,  111.) 
In    the   preceding    articles    the    terms 
in  roof  framing  were  outlined  and 
tions  of  roofs  were  analized  to  dem- 
strate  the  application  of  the  underly- 
ig  fundamental  principles  involved.    To 
-take  this  instruction  effective,  it  must 
e   coupled    with    practice.      With    this 
Dject  in  view,  and  with  the  further  idea 
"    developing    self-confidence    and    in- 
cased performance  in   the  use   of  the 
el  square  and  particularly  in  framing 
roof,  these  problems  are  offered.    They 
ill  serve  as  excellent  exercises  for  in- 
vidual  practice  and  training  and  will 
reatly  reduce  the  time  usually  spent  in 
le  industry  acquiring  similar  informa- 
on. 

These  plans  are  representative  of  the 
itter  class  of  roofs  for  residences,  con- 
ining  a  variety  of  hips,  valleys,  jack, 
•ipple  and  common  rafters.  In  making 
youts  for  these  roofs,  some  attention 
id  thought  should  be  given  to  design - 
g.  This  is  an  important  feature,  as 
any  styles  of  roofs  may  be  developed 
rer  the  same  plates.  The  architectural 
jsign  should  be  considered,  as  the 
;auty  of  a  residential  section  is  de- 
mtlent  on  the  grace  and  pleasing  ap- 
•arance  of  its  buildings.  The  buildings 
lemselves  may  be  laid  out  and  equipped 
ith  all  the  conveniences  at  the  coni- 
and  of  an  architect  or  owner  and  an 
jdy  roof  would  overbalance  all  of  these, 
lie  outer  appearance  of  a  building  is  the 
'st  thing  that  greets  the  eye  of  a  pros- 
'Clive  buyer,  and  if  he  is  not  satisfied 
ith  the  exterior,  it  is  doubtful  if  he  will 
ke  the  time  and  trouble  to  look  at  the 
terior. 

The  strength  of  the  roof  should  be 
nsidered,  it  should  be  framed  as  to 
rry  its  own  weight  without  sagging 
id,  especially  in  sections  where  heavy 


snow    falls    occur,    it    should    be    strong 
enough  to  resist  the  resulting  weight. 

Where  possible,  all  hips  and  valleys 
should  have  some  tie  with  the  ridge  and 
plate  and,  although  the  entire  length  of 
a  hip  or  valley  rafter  may  not  be  used 
to  give  the  desired  outer  effect  of  the 
roof,  it  will  make  a  much  stronger  roof 
to  run  these  timbers  through,  tieing  the 
walls  together  and  making  a  more  even 
distribution  of  the  weight  and  strains 
likely  to  come  upon  the  roof.  Whether 
or  not  an  attic  is  to  be  finished  should 
be  considered  in  designing  a  roof.  More 
head  room  will  be  needed  if  the  attic  is 
to  be  finished  than  if  it  is  to  be  left 
rough. 

The  general  instructions  given  for  lay- 
ing out  the  previous  problems  should  be 
followed  in  framing  the  following  roofs. 
Make  a  working  layout  of  each  plan,  full 
size,  representing  1  in.  to  the  foot,  full 
size.  It  is  suggested  by  the  author  that 
the  reader,  make  models  of  the  various 
roofs  to  the  same  scale  as  the  layout. 
The  figures  on  the  plans  are  given  in 
inches.  To  apply  them  full  size  read 
them  as  feet.  Take  the  runs  of  the  raf- 
ters from  the  layout.  Develop  the 
lengths  with  the  steel  square  and  fence. 
Number  each  rafter  and  ridge  on  the  lay- 
out and  put  the  corresponding  numbers 
on  the  rafters  as  they  are  laid  out,  for 
ready  identification.  Lay  off  the  posi- 
tion of  each  rafter  on  the  plate  and  ridge 
properly  spaced.  Lay  out  a  profile  of  a 
common  rafter  on  the  layout  for  each 
different  pitch  roof,  so  that  the  height 
of  the  plate  level  can  be  determined  and 
having  done  so,  measure  the  distance 
from  plancher  level  to  the  plate  level 
and  note  the  measurements  in  the  spec- 
ifications. 

For  the  convenience  of  the  franier  a 
suitable  distance  is  noted  in  the  speci- 
fications preceding  each  problem.  These 
measurements  should  be  checked  up  and 
the  method  of  determining  the  two  levels 
should  be  thoroughly  understood  before 
proceding.  The  specifications  sii.^vsts 
suitable  sizes  of  stock  that  can  be  used 
for  practice  framing  without  losing  the 
practical  application  of  any  of  the  prin- 
ciples   involved.      The    tables    following 


44 


THE     CARPENTER 


each  problem  are  intended  only  as  a 
matter  of  information  to  give  assurance 
to  the  framer  that  he  has  used  the  prop- 
er runs  and  determined  the  correct 
length  of  the  rafter,  and  should  be  re- 
ferred to,  only  as  a  cheek  upon  his  own 
work.  The  measurements  listed  are  ex- 
treme lengths  on  the  center  lines.     Make 

-14-"- 


7y4 


12 


The    square    being    laid    out   in 


FIG.  I 
allowances  where  rafters  intersect  a 
ridge,  hip  or  valley  rafter.  In  checking 
up  a  model  built  to  a  scale  of  1  in.  to  the 
foot,  read  the  figures  in  the  tables  as 
inches.  For  example,  rafter  No.  1,  in 
the  table  following  problem  No.  1.  the 
run   would   read    2    in.    and   the    length 


15 


twelfths  of  an  inch,  it  is  an  easy  matter 
to  check  the  work  up  accurately.  The 
projection,  pitch  and  width  of  facias  in 
the  various  problems  differ  to  give  va- 
riety  and  to  stimulate  interest.  These 
figures  can  be  further  changed  if  desired, 
but  the  lengths  in  the  accompanying 
tables  will  only  apply  to  roofs  for  the 
particular  pitch  listed  in  the  specifica- 
tions preceding  each  problem.  Should 
the  pitch  be  changed,  these  lengths  will 
change   accordingly. 

Specifications 

Plate.   %  in.  by  2  in. 

Hip  and  valley  rafters,  %  in.  by  1% 
in. 

Common  and  jack  rafters.  %  in.  bj 
Ts   in. 

Ridge,    3s   in.  by  1%   in. 

Projection.  2  in. 

Facia,   %  in. 

Planeher  level  to  plate  level,  1%  in. 

Pitch.  10  in.  rise  in  1  ft..  (5-12  pitch.) 

Dimensions,  see  plan.  Fig.  1. 

Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  centers. 

In  framing  a  roof  special  attentioi 
should  be  given  to  the  method  of  frani 
ing  the  rafters  into  each  other.  The: 
should  be  framed  so  as  to  give  solic 
nailing  and  strong  bracing.  Referrinj 
to  the  plan,  Fig.  1,  the  ridges,  hips  ant 
valleys  form  the  skeleton  or  backbone  o 
the  roof  that  carries  most  of  the  load 
The  jack,  cripple,  and  common  rafter 
help  to  distribute  the  weight,  but  with 


13 

i 


R  I  D  O  E   G  "      l~ 


Figure   Z 


THE    CARPENTER 


ait  a  strong"  and  rigid  tie  of  the  main 
■afters,  the  roof  would  be  weak  and  like- 
y  to  collapse.  Valleys  B  form  a  butt 
oint.  Where  two  hips  intersect  a  ridge, 
is  hips  A  and  ridge  G,  Fig.  1,  the  ridge 
hould  run  between  them,  see  enlarged 
ection,  Fig.  2. 

To  Determine  the  Length  of  Ridge  G. 
—Lay  in  hips  A,  valleys  B  and  ridge  G, 
ull  size  as  shown  in  Fig.  2.  The  run 
f  ridge  G  taken  from  the  layout,  Fig.  1, 
s  5  in.,  on  the  center  lines,  as  shown 
'-E,  Fig.  2.  From  this  length  deduct 
ne-half  the  thickness  of  valley  B. 
aeasured  on  the  line  of  the  ridge,  or  one- 
talf  the  diagonal  thickness  of  valley  B. 
s  at  C-D,  Fig.  2.  To  this  length  add  on 
o  the  other  end  of  the  ridge,  the  same 
mount  as  deducted,  E-F,  Fig.  2,  and 
ISO  add  one-half  the  thickness  of  ridge 
I.  as  at  F-G,   Fig.   2,      This  brines  the 


llJeidel 


45 


in    line    with    the 
bevel    of    hips    A 


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THE     CARPE X  T @S 


ing  these  deductions  and  additions  are 
clear,  it  will  readily  be  seen  that  the 
length  of  the  ridge  is  equal  to  the  run 
plus  one-half  the  thickness  of  the  ridge 
F-G,  or  5  3-16  in.,  the  measurements  be- 
ing taken  on  the  center  line.  To  make 
a  fit  against  the  side  of  valley  B.  draw 
a  miter  or  angle  of  45  degrees  through 
the  length  on  the  center  line  on  the  top 
edge  of  the  ri  ig 

To  Determine  the  Length  of  Ridge  H. 
— The  run  of  ridge  H,  taken  from  the 
layout,  Fig.  1,  is  14  in.  on  the  center 
lines  as  shown  at  C-E,  Fig.  3.  From  this 
length  deduct  one- half  the  thickness  at 
valley  B.  measured  en  the  line  of  ridge 
H,  or  one-half  the  diagonal  thickness 
of  valley  B  as  at  CD.  Fig.  3.  To  make 
a  fit  into  the  intersection  of  valleys  B 
and  D.  draw  a  miter  or  angle  of  45 
degrees,  right  and  left  hand  through  the 
length  on  the  center  hue  on  the  top  edge 
of  the  ridge  as  shown  in  Fig.  3. 

To  Lay  Out  Hips  A. — Set  the  fence 
and  square  at  10  in.  rise  on  the  tongue 
and  17  in.  run  on  the  blade.  Mark  on 
the  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts  and  on  the 
blade  for  all  level  cuts.  The  run  of  hip 
A  is  taken  from  the  layout.  Fig.  1, 
measuring  from  the  return  corner  of  the 
facia  line  to  the  center  of  ridge   G.   or 

8% 

12 -.      Press  the  fence  firmly  against 

12 


the  top  edge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  and 
produce  the  facia  or  first  plumb  line  to 
the  extreme  left.  A.  Fig  4.  Slide  the 
fence  to  the  right  and  measure  on  a 
level  line  from  facia  line  A  the  run  of  the 
8% 

hip,   12 ,   and  produce  plumb  lii. 

12 
Fig.    4.    the   extreme  length    of   the  hip 
rafter    on    the    center   line.      From    this 
length  deduct  one-half  the  thickne  — 
the  ridge  measured  on  the  line  of  hip  A. 
or    one-half    the    diagonal    thieknes- 
ridge   G,   as  at   E-H.   Fig.   2.   or    *i   in. 
and  produce  plumb  line  D.     Square  thi; 
ine  across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafte: 
locate  the  center  point. 

To  lay  out  the  top  cut  so  that  the  hii 
rafter  will  fit  against  the  side  of  th< 
ridge,  measure  forward  on  a  level  Iin< 
from  plumb  line  D.  a  distance  equal  t< 
one-half  the  thickness  of  the  stock 
for  the  hip.  %  hi.,  and  produce  pluml 
line  1.  Connect  plumb  line  1  throug 
plumb  line  I)  on  the  top  edge  and  pro 
duce  bevel  2  as  shown  in  the  top  vie^v 
Fig.  4.  This  top  cut  can  also  be  lai> 
out  with  the  steel  square  by  using 
in.,  (the  bridge  measure  of  one- half  0 
the  run  17  in.  and  one-half  the  rise.  1 
in.  1,  on  the  blade  and  S^o  in-,  (on  hal 
the  run  17  in.j,  on  the  tongm 
Mark  on  the  blade  for  the  top  cu; 
To  complete  the  lower  end  of  the  raftei 


THE     CARPENTER 


47 


measure  in  on  a  .eve.  line  from  'facia  -inc 
A,  the  diagonal  distance  of  the  projec- 

10 
tion  2x2  in.,  or  2 —  in,,  and  produce  wall 

12 
line  B.  Measure  down  on  facia  line  A 
from  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  %  in., 
the  width  of  the  facia  and  produce 
plancher  level  F.  Measure  up  from 
plancher  level  F,  1%  in.,  locating  plate 
level  G. 

To  make  the  return  on  the  facia  line 
at  the  corner  of  the  building  square 
facia  line  A,  across  the  top  edge  of  the 
rafter  and  locate  the  center  point. 
Measure  in  on  a  level  line  from  facia 
line  A,  on  either  side  of  the  rafter,  a 
distance  equal  to  one-half  the  thickness 
of  the  stock  used  for  the  hip,  %  in., 
and  produce  plumb  line  32.  Connect 
plumb  line  3,  with  the  center  point  on 
the  facia  line  as  shown  at  4,  top  view, 
Fig.  4.  This  top  cut  is  the  same  as  the 
top  cut  at  the  upper  end  of  the  rafter, 
the  same  figures  on  the  square  giving  the 
cut.  Cut.  on  line  A,  on  bevels  4  for  the 
facia,  on  line  F  for  the  plancher  level, 
on  lines  G  and  B  for  the  birdsmouth  and 
m  plumb  line  1,  on  bevel  2  for  the  joint 
[igainst  the  side  of  the  ridge. 

To  Lay  Out  Hip  E. — Use  the  same 
igures  on  the  square  as  those  used  in 
aying  out  hip  A.  Take  the  run  from 
he  layout,  Fig.  1,  measuring  from  the 
utersection  of  the  center  lines  of  ridge 
i  and  valleys  B  and  the  intersection  of 
he  center  lines  of  ridge  F  and  hip   C, 

(iy2 
>r    2 in.       Press    the    fence    firmly 
.   12 
igainst  the  top  edge  of  the  stock  to  be 

ised  for  the  hip  and  produce  the  first 
>lumb  line  A,  to  the  extreme  left,  Fig.  5.» 
Uide  the  fence  to  the  right  and  measure 
n  a  level  line  from  plumb  line  A,   the 

1% 

un  of  the  hip,    2 in.,    and   produce 

12 
hunb  line  C,  the  extreme  length  of  the 
ip  on  the  center  lines. 
From  the  top  end  deduct  one-half  the 
!iickness  of  valley  B,  or  %  in.,  and 
roduce  plumb  line  D,  which  is  a  square 
utt  joint  against  valley  B,  valley  B 
nd  hip  E  intersecting  at  right  angles. 
i'om  the  bottom  end  deduct  one-half  the 
lickness  of  the  ridge  measured  on  the 
ne  of  the  hip  rafter,  or  one-half  the 
iagonal  thickness  of  Ridge  F,  or  14  in., 
ad  produce  plumb  line  3.      Square  this 


line  across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  and 
locate  the  center  point.  To  lay  out  the 
top  cut  so  that  the  hip  will  fit  against 
the  ridge  at  the  proper  angle,  measure 
back  on  a  level  line  from  plumb  lino  .*',, 
a  distance  equal  to  one-half  the  thick- 
ness of  the  stock  used  for  the  hip,  % 
in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  1.  Connect 
plumb  line  1,  through  plumb  line  3  on 
the  top  edge  and  produce  bevel  2  as 
shown  in  the  top  view,  Fig.  5.  This  top 
cut  can  also  be  laid  out  with  the  steel 
square  by  using  the  same  figures  as 
those  given  for  laying  out  the  top  cut  for 
hips  A.  Back  the  hip  rafter  on  either 
side  according  to  the  rules  for  backing 
described  for  backing  hips  A.  Cut  on 
line  D  for  the  butt  joint  against  the 
side  of  valley  B  and  on  plumb  line  1, 
on  bevel  2  for  the  cut  against  the  side 
of  ridge  F.     This  gives  an  outline  of  the 


END  VIEW 

method  of  developing  the  length  of  the 
rafters  and  ridges  which  should  enable 
the  reader  to  complete  the  roof. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevations,  Figs. 
G  and  7.  Set  up  valleys  B  first.  Then 
valley  D  and  ridge  H,  locating  the  proper 
height  of  ridge  H  with  a  pair  of  com- 
mon rafters.  Then  set  up  hips  A  and 
ridge  G  and  lastly  hips  C  and  E  and 
ridge  F,  locating  the  proper  height  of 
ridge  F  with  a  pair  of  common  rafters. 
Particular  attention  should  be  paid  in 
fastening  the  rafters  to  keep  the  center 
lines  and  top  edges  in  alinement.  Notice 
that  the  top  edges  of  the  ridges  are  not 
in  alinement  with  the  center  lines  of  the 
hip  and  valley  rafters,  but  dropped  to 
overcome  the  need  for  backing  the 
ridges,  Hie  roof  board  continuing  the 
lines  of  the  roof  to  the  extreme  height. 


4S 


THE     CARPENTER 


Fig.  6 


Fig.   7 


THE    CARPENTER 


49 


RUNS   AND   LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS   USED   IN   FRAMING 
PROBLEM  NO.   1—5=12  PITCH 


No.  of    I  Quantity  of 
Rafters         Rafters 


Rum 


Lengths 


Kind   of  Raft  1 


1 

3  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

7%" 

Jack  rafters 

2 

2%     " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

2%" 

it                           11 

:: 

2     " 

(;• 

0" 

7' 

9%" 

"                            " 

4 

2 

8' 

0" 

10' 

5" 

"                            " 

5 

1 

10' 

0" 

13' 

0%" 

a                   il 

<i 

10 

10' 

6" 

13' 

8" 

Common  rafters 

7 

1 

10' 

6" 

13' 

8" 

Jack  rafters 

8 

1 

8' 

6" 

11' 

0%" 

<»                 a 

!) 

1 

0' 

6" 

8' 

5i/o" 

(i                 << 

10 

1 

4' 

6" 

5' 

ioyI" 

(I                    CI 

11 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

71/4" 

Cripple  rafters 

*12 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

7%" 

Jack  rafters 

13 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

2y8" 

"           " 

14 

2 

5' 

0" 

6' 

6%" 

Cripple  rafters 

15 

1 

8' 

0" 

10' 

5" 

Jack  rafters 

16 

1 

C 

0" 

7' 

9%" 

"           " 

17 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

2V2" 

c<           a 

IS 

4 

3' 

O-' 

0 

10%" 

Cripple  rafters 

19 

1   pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

7y4" 

Jack  rafters 

20 

1     " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

21'-'>" 

"            " 

21 

1     " 

6' 

0" 

7" 

93/?- 

"            " 

22 

8- 

7' 

0" 

9' 

1%" 

Common  rafters 

A 

1   pair 

12' 

s%- 

14' 

9V4" 

Hip  rafters 

B 

1     " 

12' 

8%" 

14' 

!>y4" 

Valley   rafters 

C 

1 

14' 

10%" 

17' 

2%" 

Hip  rafters 

D 

1 

9' 

10%" 

11' 

5%" 

Valley   rafters 

E 

1 

2' 

1%" 

2' 

5y,." 

Hip  rafters 

F 

1 

13' 

6" 

13' 

0" 

Ridge 

G 

1 

5' 

0" 

5' 

0'-' 

" 

H 

1 

14' 

0" 

14' 

0" 

<< 

FULL   LENGTH   ROOF  FRAMER 

230,400 

SIZED,  PITCHED  and  STYLE 

ROOFS 

Your  next  roof  may  be  any  SIZE.  It 
may  bo  CUT  IT*  in  many  sizes.  It  may  be 
a  GABLE,  HIP  or  VALLEY  roof.  It  may 
be  any  SHAPE  or  any  PITCH.  The  next 
roof  vou  frame  is  sure  to  be  one  of  the 
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well  as  getting."     Buy  W.  S.  S. 

*      *      * 

Not  what  it  is,  but  the  human  prin- 
ciples it  stands  for  school  be  our  motive 
for  patronage  of  the  Union  Label,  shop 
card  and  working  button. 


)0 


THE     CARPENTER 


Figures  used  on  the  steel  square,  common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  10  in.  on 
tongue,  12  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts. 
Top  cut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue,  15%  in.  on  blade,  mark  blade 
for  top  cut.  Hip  and  valley  rafters,  10  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on 
tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts.  Top  cut  for  hips  and  valleys, 
Sy>  in.  on  tongue,  9%  in.  on  blade,  mark  on  blade  for  top  cut. 

Ridge,   %  in.  by  1%  in. 
Projection,  2  in. 
Facia,   %  in. 

Plancher  level  to  plate  level,  2  in. 
Pitch,  12  in.  rise  in  1  ft.    ( y2  pitch). 
Dimensions   (see  plan,  Fig.  8). 
Rafters  spaced  2  in.   on   centers. 
In  framing  the  main  rafters  run  hips 
B  and  C  from  ridge  N  to  the  plate,  giv- 
ing support  fur  valleys  D  and  H.     Jinn 
valley  F  from  the  facia  line- to  ridge  K, 
giving    support    for    valley    E.      Hip    B 
should   be   backed   the   entire   length   on 
one  side  and  from  ridge  N  to  the  inter- 
section   of   valley    H   on   the   other   side. 
Hip  C  should  be  backed  the  entire  length 
on  one  side  and  from  ridge  N  to  the  in- 
tersection of  valley  D  on  the  other  side. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevations,  Figs. 
9  and  10.  Set  up  ridge  X  first,  support- 
ed by  hips  A,  B  and  C.  Next  valley  H 
and  ridge  L  supported  by  a  pair  of  No. 
13  common  rafters.  Then  valley  D  and 
ridge  M  supported  by  a  pair  of  No.  13 
common  rafters.  Then  hip  I,  valley  6 
and  ridge  K.  supported  by  a  pair  of  No. 
23  common  rafters  and  lastly  valleys  E 
and  F  and  ridge  J,  supported  by  a  pair 
of  No.  29  common  rafters. 


FIG.  WT 
Specifications 

PROBLEM   No.   2 

Plate,  %  in.  by  2%  in. 

Hip  and  valley  rafters,  %  in.  by  1% 
in. 

Common  and  jack  rafters,  %  in.  by 
%  in. 


RUNS  AND  LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS  USED   IN  FRAMING 
PROBLEM  NO.  2— y2   PITCH 


No.  of 

Quantity  of 

Rafters 

Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

1 

1   pair 

2'      0" 

2'   10" 

Jack  rafters 

2 

" 

4'      0" 

6'      7%" 

"            " 

3 

6'      0" 

8'      5%" 

"           " 

4 

" 

8'      0" 

11'      3%" 

"            " 

5 

" 

9'      0" 

12'     S%" 

"            " 

6 

7'      0" 

9'    10%" 

"            " 

7 

" 

5'      0" 

7'    oys" 

"            " 

8 

" 

2'      0" 

2'   10" 

Cripple  rafters 

9 

2  pair 

1'      0" 

1'      5" 

Jack  rafters 

10 

2   pair 

3'.     0" 

4'      2%" 

"           " 

11 

1    pair 

5'      0" 

7-    oy8- 

"           " 

12 

■' 

7-      0" 

9'   10%" 

"           " 

13 

10 

7'      0"' 

9'    10%" 

Common  rafters 

14 

1   pair 

4'      0" 

5'      7%" 

Jack  rafters 

15 

" 

6'      0" 

8'      5%" 

"            " 

16 

" 

S'      0" 

IF      3%"      . 

"           " 

17 

" 

1'      0" 

1'      5" 

n           a 

18 

" 

3'      0" 

4-      2%" 

"           " 

19 

1 

5'      0" 

7-      0%" 

"           " 

20 

1 

1'      0" 

V      5" 

"           " 

21 

1 

7'      0" 

9'    10%" 

it           n 

22 

1 

3'      0" 

4'      2%" 

tt                 tt 

THE     CARPENTER 


51 


RUNS  AND   LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS   USED   IN   FRAMING 
PROBLEM   NO.   ; — y2   PITCH     (Continued) 


No.  of 

Quantity  of 

Kind   of  Rafters 

Uafters 

Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

23 

4 

7'      0" 

9' 

10%" 

Common   rafters 

24 

1 

5'      0" 

7' 

0%" 

Jack  rafters 

2-~i 

1 

7'      0" 

9' 

10%" 

"          " 

26 

1  pair 

2'      0" 

2' 

10" 

"          " 

27 

" 

4'      0" 

5' 

7%" 

"          " 

28 

" 

6'      0" 

S' 

5%" 

"          " 

29 

16 

0'      0" 

Q> 

5%" 

Common   rafters 

.SO 

1 

4'      0" 

5' 

7%" 

Cripple  rafters 

31 

1 

6'      0" 

8' 

5%" 

"             " 

99 

1 

2'      0" 

2' 

10" 

"             " 

Of > 

o 

4'      0" 

5' 

7%" 

it                     a 

A 

1 

12'       S%" 

1  5' 

7" 

Hip  rafters 

B 

1 

<>'    10%" 

12' 

iy2" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

C 

1 

9'    10%" 

12' 

i%" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

D 

1 

9'    10%" 

12' 

i%" 

Valley  rafters 

B 

1 

8'      5%" 

10' 

4%" 

"             " 

F 

1 

9'   10%" 

12' 

1%" 

"             '• 

G 

1 

!)'    10%" 

12' 

ll/o" 

"             " 

H 

1 

9-    10%" 

12' 

ll/o" 

"             " 

I 

1 

7-      0%" 

8' 

7%" 

Hip   rafters 

J 

1 

22'      0" 

22' 

0" 

Ridge 

K 

1 

13'      0" 

13' 

0" 

" 

L 

1 

11'      0" 

11' 

0" 

" 

M 

1 

9'      0" 

9' 

0" 

" 

N 

1 

6'      0" 

6' 

0" 

" 

Figures  used  on  the  steel  square. — -Common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  on 
ongue,  12  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts. 
Top  cut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on 
)lade  for  top  cut.  Hip  and  valley  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.  Mark 
m  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts.  Top  cut  for  hip  and  valley 
•afters,  S1/^  in.  on  tongue,  10%  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  blade  for  top  cut. 


Fig.   9 


^  l 


52 


THE    CARPENTER 


Fig.  10 


Specifications 


PROBLEM  No.  3 
Plate,  %  in.  by  2  in. 
Hip  and  valley  rafters,  %  in.  by  %  in. 
Common  and  jack  rafters,  %  in.  by  %  in. 
Ridge,   %  in.  by  1%  in. 
Projection,  iy2  in. 
Facia,   y2  in. 
Ing  support  for  valleys  E  and  F.     Hip  B 


Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  centers, 
should  be  backed  the  entire  length  c 
one  side  and  from  ridge  H  to  the  inte 
section  of  valley  E  on  the  other  sid 
Hip  D  should  be  backed  the  entire  lengl 
on  one  side  and  from  ridge  H  to  the  h 
tersection  of  valley  F  on  the  other  sid 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  tl 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevations,  Fig 
12  and  13.     Set  up  ridge  H  first,  su;' 


1 1  \1  i  ">  i  J  "  i  Vs  "  i   i  7      i  i 

/ .  \5?ssis 


Plancher  level  to  plate  level,  1  %  in. 
Pitch,  9  in.  rise  in  1  ft.  (%  pitch). 
Dimensions   (see  plan,  Fig.  11). 
In  framing  the  main  rafters  run  hips 
B  and  D  from  ridge  H  to  the  plate,  giv- 


ported  by  hips  A,  B,  C  and  D.  Then  v* 
ley  E  and  ridge  I,  supported  by  a  pi' 
of  No.  18  common  rafters,  and  lasl 
valley  F  and  ridge  G,  supported  by. 
pair  of  No.  25  common  rafters. 


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54 


THE    CARPENTER 


Fig.  12 


Fig.  13 


THE     CARPENTER 


RUNS  AND   LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS  USED   IN   FRAMING 
PROBLEM  NO.  3—%   PITCH 


of 

Quantity  of 

I 

ers 

Rafters 

E 

uiis 

Lei 

gths 

Kind    of   Rafters 

1 

2   pair 

91 

0" 

«>' 

G" 

Jack   rafters 

^> 

3    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

0" 

it                  a 

3 

3 

(>• 

0" 

7' 

G" 

"                  " 

4 

8' 

0" 

10' 

0" 

"                  " 

5 

3     " 

10' 

0" 

12' 

6" 

"                  " 

(i 

0     .i 

12' 

0" 

15' 

0" 

"                  " 

7 

1     " 

14' 

0" 

17' 

6" 

"                  " 

8 

1  y2    " 

14' 

0" 

17' 

6" 

"                  " 

!i 

1 

14' 

0" 

17' 

6" 

Common  rafters 

(i 

1 

13' 

0" 

10' 

3" 

Jack  rafters 

1 

1 

11' 

0" 

13' 

9" 

Cripple  rafters 

2 

1 

7' 

0" 

8' 

9" 

"              " 

1 

3' 

0" 

o> 

9" 

"              " 

4 

1   pair 

2' 

0" 

3' 

iy>- 

Jack  rafters 

5 

4' 

G" 

5' 

7V," 

"            " 

G 

1 

C 

0" 

8' 

1%'" 

"            " 

7 

1 

8' 

G" 

10' 

71/2" 

"            " 

8 

12 

8' 

G" 

10' 

7y>" 

Common  rafters 

9 

1 

11' 

0" 

13' 

9" 

Cripple  rafters 

0 

1 

7' 

0" 

S' 

9" 

"              " 

1 

1 

3' 

0" 

3" 

9" 

"              " 

2 

1   pair 

2' 

G" 

3' 

1%" 

Jack  rafters 

3 

1 

4' 

6" 

5' 

7y2" 

"           '" 

4 

1 

6' 

6" 

8' 

1V2" 

"           " 

5 

10 

6' 

6" 

8' 

iy2" 

Common  rafters 

- 

1 

19' 

9%" 

22' 

4.%" 

Hip  rafters 

. 

1 

17' 

SYs" 

20' 

oy8" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

1 

19' 

9%" 

22' 

4%" 

Hip  rafters 

1 

17' 

sy8" 

20' 

oy8"    • 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

1 

12' 

ow 

13' 

7y4" 

Yalcly  rafters 

1 

9' 

2%" 

10' 

4%" 

"             li 

1 

16' 

6" 

16' 

6" 

Ridge 

1 

4' 

0" 

4' 

0" 

" 

1 

18' 

G" 

IS' 

6" 

" 

igures  used  on  the  steel  square. — Common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters,   9  in.  on 
ie,  12  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts. 
:-ut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue.  15  in.  on  blade.      Mark  on 
for  top  cut.     Hip  and  valley  rafters,  9  in.  on  tongue.  17  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on 
ie  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts.      Top  cut  for  hip   and   valley 
•s,  8y.  in.  on  tongue,  9%  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  blade  for  top  cut. 
(To  Be  Continued.) 
"Forget  But  Don't  Forget"  Days  of  Auld  Lang  Syne 

forget  the  slander  you  1  ave  heard, 
•rget   tlie  hasty,  unkind  word, 
Bfget  the  quarrel  and  the  cause, 
;>rget  the  whole  affair,  because 
srgetting  is  the  only  way, 
Jrget  the  storm  of  yesterday  ; 
irget  the  chap  whose  sour  face 
)rgets  to  smile  in  any  place. 
>rget  the  trials  vou  have  had, 
irgct  the  weather,  if  it's  had." 


'orget  the  knocker — he's  a  freak, 

irget  him  seven  days  a  week  ; 

irget  that  you're  not  a  millionaire, 

>rget  the  gray  streaks  in  your  hair. 

»rget  the  coffee  when  it's  cold, 

•rget  to  kick,  forget  to  scold, 

»rget  the  coal  man  and  his  ways, 

'rget,  wherever  you  may  roam. 

'rget  the  man  who  wrote  this  poem, 
;Tget  that  he  in  social  bliss 

•rget  himself  when  he  wrote  this. 

rget  that  you  ever  had  the  blues — 
yOX'T  FORGET  TO  PAY  YOUR  DUBS. 

— Ex. 


Across  the  lonely  miles  that  lie  between 

Your    home    and    mine, 
My  thoughts  are  traveling  back  to  you  and  days 

Of  Auld   Lang    Syne  : 
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Of   long   ago; 
To   things   we   did   and   things   we   thought    and 
said 

With    hearts    aglow  ; 
When    heart    to    heart    was    true    in    friendship 
bound. 

And    even   yet. 
Though  far  apart,  that  friendship  still  is  true  : 
We  can't  fbrget  : 
Your  trail   runs  ever  far  away   from   mine, 

They  do  not  cross  ; 
And  so  through   weary  days  and   weary   nights 

I   feel    my   loss  : 
But  memory   remains,   and   there  you    have 

Whitin    its    shrine 
A  place  that's  set  apart  for  vou   since  days 

Of    Auld    Lang    Syne. 

— Augustus    VTiiigood. 


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PILES  DON'T  BE  CUT 
Until  You  Try  This  Won- 

derful     Treatment.        My     internal 
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only  temporary  relief. 

If  you  have  piles  in    any  form    write  for  a  I 
FREE  sample  of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  Toill 
will  bless  the  day   that  yon   read  this.     Writfl 
: "  i  7.  v 
E,  R.  PAGE.322B  Page  Bids.,  Marshall,  Mich 


Are  You  Young  at 

Itnct.vrh-^Ge-siick 
FRELE  BOOK  acre: 
th.e  prostate  gland  which  may 
carcse  sciatica,  backache,  in- 
ic:::::;i    j.eep,    depressed 
set-  ::c_^r  crt-en  eeri::cs  cen- 
dcrircLs.  It  te  :1s  of  a  new  drag- 
less  horse  treatment  that  cor- 
rects these  conditions.  Address 
Tie  Electro  Thermal  Co. ! 


GREAT  NEW  OFFER 

T-:h    Who    Use    Then    Are    Satisfied 


TRIAL 


Lettis=e--thi£fre?..at:rf:rj:  ia—  free  ariai.  .'.aeasa:- 
jfONES  MFG.  CO riVo^Nl  Wells' £t~b"¥pt.  S02  Chicago 


g    a    cabinet    according   to    oui 

Pie    instructions.      We    furnish    mecbar 

3  at  small  cosi.     Drawings. 

free   cm  reuuest.     Write  todar. 


Associated  Phonograph  Compan 


Cincinnati,  Ohi 


Don't  Wear  a  Trus. 


-nHOOKS'  APPLLii 
•"  ~  :  iem,  seientif 
tion.   the  wonderfui  I 

itery  that   cures  :... 

:    teat    :a   trial      Nc    ::a:: 
;     spring;     or    pads.      H 
automatic  Air  Cushion 
i  ::__i    and    ciraTrs    tl  - 
-    ...     . .,..-...    .__-_    - 

.:   ii:a    limb.       Nc    sal' 
v-      lies        Durable 

Set:     c-     trial     to    prow 
■""    ;■'.::    cai     a:ec  =    :  = 
•:■:.-  iieci"  ::ee       Sect  acre;  a 
address  today.     Nevei 
in  stores.     Don't  be  I 

ions.       Loot    fcr/-:c 
-  -  -      =  :ca~  '.rare     ~~t     C 
'  •      -=  "art    his    picture 
- .-  -t    — ' : e       Noi 


Br: ik;  A??l:i_:e  Co..  1:1  F    State   St.,  Marshall,  Mil 


*  iperb  6-pfece  set  is  made  of  selected  solid 
•1  •ooffiiout,  finished  in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown 
at  oak.  Four  pieces  are  padded.  Beats  upbol- 
«  with  brown  Delavan  Spanish  leather,  the 
w  itation  of  genuine  Spanish  leather  known. 
*<  >Rocker  has  the  real  comfort  giving  fea- 
"  f  the  Morris  eh  air  and  coach,  as  well  as  the 
«"  nal  advantages  of  a  rocker.  The  back  is  ad- 
a»  e  to  3  positions;  foot  rest  can  be  extended, 

*  en  entirely  under  seat.  Seat  measures  20x20 
ne  width  of  back  27  inches,  height  of  back 
™  :at  28  inches.    Arms  4  inches  wide. 

•*■  Divan  will  give  extra  seating  capacity.    It 

*  musually  massive,  comfortable  piece  with 
»<  ul  y  designed  back.  Arms  are  broad  and 
»'  table.  Measures  46  in.  wide  outside  and  36 
}•  t  inside.  Thickly  padded  seat  is  19  In.  deep. 
«  of  back  is  22  in.  Posts  are  extra  massive, 
■or  t"ai!r  ta  a/°oniy,  dignified  piece  of  furniture, 
°  table  and  big  enough  for  a  very  large  per- 
'_  -1?  not  seeming  too  large  for  the  ordinary 
«  at.    Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in.,  height  36  in. 

S  0£!<e.r  is  a  massive,    stately,  comfortable 

»»  vith  beautifully    designed   back,   wide   and 

iS     ,a^n?3  anc^  smooth  operating  runners.    Seat 

"-  12  in.,  height  36  in. 

w  -Table  —  a  beautiful  piece  of  library  furnl- 
a  'a?l°e:iatifully  designed  ends  to  match  the 
,   ^'th  roomy   magazine  shelf  below.    Legs 

«   2  inch    stock.      Massive,    dignified.      Top 

"'  es  23  1-4  x  34  inches. 

at  ier*  Stand  matches  other  pieces.     A  deco- 

JS  »  your  living  room  or  library.   Carefully 

S.  '""Khont.    Measures   17   1-2  inches  high. 

~   12  x  12  inches. 

j?\  let  Is  shipped  knocked  down  construction. 

aF  asy  to  set   up.    Saves  in  freight  charges. 

"<   about  250  pounds. 

5^  !J2.-  B7050A.   S1.00  with  coupon, 

—  S3.00  a  month.    Price  $34.80. 


Furniture 


Only  $1.00  with  the  coupon  below  brings  this  sensational  furniture  bargain  on 
30  days  trial.  6  splendid  pieces  of  f  urnuure  including  a  wonderfully  luxurious 
and  comfortable  recliningMorris  rocKerwith  disappearing  foot-rest  and  adjustable 
back,  and  a  wonderfully  comfortable  and  roomy  divan.  A  few  months  ago  a  set  like 
this  would  have  cost  you  $55.00.  But  now,  on  a  special  factory  sacrifice,  we  can  slash  the 
price  on  this  complete  set  to  only  $34.80 — and  on  easy  payments  of  only  $3.00 amonth! 
Seize  this  wonderful  opportunity  on  this  special  offer,  we  take  all  the  risk. 

ays  Trial"*OnIy$3Qll  a  Month 

Use  this  magnificent  6-picce  library  set  for  30  days.  Compare  it  with  anything  you  can  buy 
locally  at  anywhere  near  the  same  price— even  for  spot  cash.  Then  if  not  satisfied  for  any 
reason,  return  the  set  at  our  expense  and  we'll  refund  your  $1  at  once,  plus  any  freight 
charges  you  paid.  If  you  decide  to  keep  the  set  start  paying  only  $3  a  month  until  you  have 
paid  $34.80.  A  full  year  to  pay.  We  trust  honest  people  any  where  in  U.  S.  One  price,  cash  or 
credit.  No  discount  for  cash,  nothing  extra  for  credit,  no  C.  O.  D. 


Don't  delay.  Just 
send  $1  with  the 
coupon.  If  you  wish  to  return 
the  set  after  30  days,  your  dol- 
lar will  be  refunded,  plus  all 
freight  charges  which  you  paid. 

Remember,  this  is  a  special,  limited 
reduced  price  approval  offer.  We 
will  also  send  our  FREE  Bargain 
Catalog  listing  thousands  of  amaz- 
ing bargains.    Send  coupon  NOW  ! 

Straus  &  Schram 

Dept.  C301       Chicago,  111. 


Straus  S  Schram,  Oept.  C301      Chicago,  III. 

Enclosed  find  SI. 00.  Ship  special  advertised  6- Piece  Fumed 
Oak  Library  Set.  1  am  to  have  30  days  free  trial.  If  1  keep 
the  set,  I  will  pay  you  J3. 00  monthly.  If  not  satisfied.  1  am 
to  return  the  set  within  30  days  and  you  are  to  refund  my 
monev  and  any  freight  charges  I  paid. 
□  6  Piece  Library  Set,  Mo.  B70S0A.  $34.80. 


B  Name 

B  Street,  R  F.  D. 
■  or  Box  No 


Shipping 
Point 


Post 

Office State 

It  you  only  want  cataiog  put  x  in  box  below: 

D  FuniitBre1Stoves,Jew£L'yDMea's,WoBen's,Lbiidrca  sUcSas 


The  Rustless  Rule 

of  Luminoy.  a  special  alloy  of  Aluminum. 

is  TH>;  Kule  eTery  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  hate.  It  won't  nut 

Utile,    has    brass    joints,    costs    less    than    a   steel   rule,    yet    U   juit  u 

has  large  figures   and  accurate   gTiduation,    together   with  pemunea 

in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.     If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  a 
>r  printed  matter  and  prices. 

THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 

Lafasert?  Ave.  Buffalo.  N.  Y 


::  -.:  = 


J 


TO   USE   THE  NO. 


Set  the  anvil  so  that  its  edge 
strikes  not  over  half  way  down  the 
tooth,  run  up  the  gauge  screw  to 
the  desired  angle  of  set.  then  pro- 
ceed to  set  your  saw. 


CHAS.  MORRILL 


New  York 


THE  Wayvell  Chappell  Automatic  Ball  Bearing  Eleetri 
Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish  you 
inew  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  them 
As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishiii, 
floors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  flats,  apart 
intents,  etc.  all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away  wj 
I;  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and , 
j  steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 

I     Only  surfacing  machine  haficg  roll 

]er  sanding  eren  with  base- 
board from  either  side  ol 
machine,  doing  away  with 
jneren  work  of  edge  roll- 

jer  attachment.  Fojt  sizes. 
Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
cept our  free   trial   offer 

(Machine  demon- 
:~-  '-'^'-  '  -• '  *i  '  r 
Branch  Office.  S21 
Washington  Blvd., 
Vhi:ig:. ) 

Man.  by  Wayvell 

Chappell   &  Co. 

:■:    N.    Jackson    St. 

Dept    A. 

Waukegan,    III. 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Dcr't  use  a  stizi:  cr  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  both  insK 


Qui:k,  acenrate,  no  fi 
lev:  time.  Durable  i 
onee   and  you   win   i 

Write  today  for  full 


iring,  no  mistakes,  no 

-   rusT  ,-r,:,:f       r.se  it 

•:er    icork    without   it. 
jscrintire  circulars. 


MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 
841C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


ECONOMIZE    . 

AUTOMATIC  SASH   HOLDERS 


k^PJ) WARe"sALE S  CO.,  Inc. 

':   C'hir?t  5...   ye^r  T:r>    >";:— •  P.-.c.n  i-ii-E 


'Bv 


By  the  Living  God  who  made  me, 

By  His  mercy  that  sustains  me, 

By  His  spirit  that  enfolds 

My  every  pathway,  builds  and  molds ; 

By  His  gentle  guidance  tending, 

As  a  mother's  love  unending, 

By  His  life  for  me  laid  down. 

His  cross,  His  suffering  and  His  crown ; 

By  His  wondrous  patience  given 

To  all  people  under  Heaven ; 

By  all  hopes  of  life-to-be. 

By  all  knowledge  that  shall  see, 

When  the  veil  from  us  has  passed, 

By  our  God  redeemed  at  last. 

— Marie  Batterham  Lindesay. 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing-  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


WHY  NOT 

BUILD  THAT  PHONOGRAPH  NOW? 


Our  new  catalog  illus- 
trates everything  you 
need.  High- grade  guar- 
anteed Woodwork.  Mo- 
tor.s.  etc.,  at  moderate 
prices.  No  need  to  exper- 
iment —  with  our  goods 
you  are  taking  no 
chances. 

THE    CARPENTER  AND   CABINET 
MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO. 

Chicago,  111. 


1419  W.  Adams  St. 


THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRIEND 


i  .  .    l-r..._-:r    is    high.      With    cur   Jointer 
in    buy   rough   lumber   of   any    kind   and 
dress    it    tc     suit    the    ;'  .SaTts    time,    money    and 

lumber.      Would    this    be   any   object    to   yon!     If  so. 
get   our   circular  prices.      Sold  on   "a  fay  trial. 

Whisler  Mfg.  Co.,  513-515  W.  Main  St.,  Ottumwa,  la. 


SAVE 
WONEY 


SAVE 
TIMBER 


The  best  method  of  splicing  tim- 
ber on  scaffolding,  shoring,  prop- 
ping, etc.  Write  for  further  infor- 
iiintion  today. 


SCHENK 

TIMBER  GLArtPCORB 

Managed:,  by  .C^smppQlitdn:In&iirie5.'bic>: 

501  FIFTH  AVE.  NEW  YQRK 


THE  QUNN  SELF  FASTENING 
FOLDING  SAW  CLAMP 


I  Guarantee 

To  Train  You 

Until  You  Are  Placed 
in  a  Position  Paying 

!250to$300»S,, 

—Chief  Draftsman  Dobe" 

Write  and  I'll  tell  you  how  I  make  you  a 

first-class,  big-money-earning  draftsman 
in  a  very  few  months !  I  do  this  by  a 
method  no  other  man  or  institution  can 
imitate.  I  give  you  personal  training  at 
home  by  mail.  And  I  mean  just  what  I 
say.  I  train  you  until  you  are  actually 
placed  in  a  position  paying  from  $250.00  to 
$300.00  per  month.  Six  thousand  drafts- 
men are  wanted  every  month.  Hurry  up 
and  register  so  you  can  start  earning. 

I  Give  ITi'D  171? 

YOU  I"  MUEamL 

This  $25  Outfit  of  Drafting  Tools 


Holds  the  Saw  Tight  Anywhere 

Will  instantly  fnstcn  itself  to  work  bench,  tool  box, 
iard,  joist,  or  pile  of  lumber,  rail  of  fence — to  any 
itable  place — and  without  screws  or  nails,  or  any 
her  means  of  fastening ;  stands  firmer  than  any  other — 
th  their  troublesome  screws,  nails  and  braces. 
Made  of  best  malleable  iron,  13  inches  long;  weighs  3 
>unds;  folds  like  a  jack-knife;  can  be  carried  in  coat 
'Cket.     Guaranteed  not  to  break. 

Price,   $2.00   at    Most    Good    Hardware   Stores, 

or  Sent   Prepaid   Anywhere   for  $2.00.      Money 

Refunded  if  Not  Satisfactory. 

Clan  Gtinn   Folding  Saw  Clamp  Co., 

^_ P.    0.    Box   643,    Pittsburgh,    Pa. 


"T"  PLUMB  AND 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  made  of  alum- 
inum. Can  be  easily  attached  to 
any  straight  edge.  Simple  to  ad- 
just. Guaranteed  Accurate.  Size 
33x25   in. 

Price   $1.00    Delivered. 

J.  M.  WATERSTON 

42S  Woodward   Ave..    Detroit,   Mich. 
Complete  Tool  Catalogue  sent 
n»   reauest. 


High-grade  plated  instruments.  Every  one  you  need. 
Packed  in  a  handsome  plush  lined  case.  Just  the  kind 
I  use  myself.  Write  to  me.  I  am  giving  it  entirely 
and  absolutely  free. 

Send  This  FREE 
Coupon  To  Me!— 

It  costs  you  nothing  but  a  stamp  to  send  the  coupon 
for  my  free  book,  "Successful  Draftsmanship"  that 
tells  you  all.  It  tells  you  how  my  students  get  the 
good  positions  and  how  I  can  afford  to  train  you  until 
you  get  YOUR  position.  Remember,  6,000  men  wanted 
every  month.  So,  hurry!  Register  early  because  I 
can  take  only  a  few  students.    Send  coupon  NOW  l 


in     .nunc 


.............  Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Dept.  C-531, 4001  Broadway,  Chicago,  III. 

Without  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  mail  your  book, 
"Successful  Draftsmanship,"  and  full  particulars  of  your 
liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  a  few  students. 


Name  — 
Address  - 


Send  for  Catalog 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing-.  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40^  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  bouse  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  beating  supplies  to  all. 


B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave,,  Chicago,  111. 


For  Twenty  Years  we  have  issued  this  Union  Stamp  for  use  under  our 


ration     Contract 


OUR  STAMP  INSURES: 

Peaceful  Collective  Bargaining 

Forbids  Both  Strikes  and  Lockouts 

Disputes   Settled  by  Arbitration 

Steady    Employment   and   Skilled   Workmanship 

Prompt  Deliveries  to  Dealers  and  Public 

Peace   and   Success  to   Workers   and    Employers 

Prosperity   of   Shoe    Making    Communities 

As  loyal  union  men  and  women,  we  ask  you  to 
demand  shoes  bearing  the  above  Union  Stamp  on 
Sole,    Insole    or    Lining. 


Boot&Shoe  Workers  Union 

246  SUMMER  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 
CoIIis  Lovely,  General  President.     Charles  L.  Baine,  General  Secretary=Treasurer 


25c  brings  bigTslasoope  3  ft  Ion 

View  objects  miles  away  just  like  they  were  close.  Watch 
persons  at  a  distance  on  land  and  sea.    See  the  S 
Moon  and  Stars  as  you  never  saw  them  before.  Th< 
Wonder  Telescope  opens  out  over  3  ft.  Ion 
closed  measures  12  in.    Brass  bound,  fitted 
with  powerful  lenses.  Ccn.  be  used 

a  microscope.  ^.-4^-      oecau^e 

of  a  fortunate 
purchase  of  a 
rge  European  manu- 
facturer we  can  give  you  a 
bargain.    Supply  limited — 
er  today.  Send  only  2oc  with  order, 
and  we  will  ship   telescope   complete   07  parcel 
post,   on   arrival  deposit   £1.90   with   the    postman. 
Satisfaction  guaranteed  or  yccr  moae?  retnrnfd  in  foil. 
If  you  prefer  send -51.  *5  with  order  in  foil  »=yment. 

FERRY  a  CO.,  6832  East  End  Ave.,  DeptSi  \    :  Chicago. !!!. 


Special  Of  f  e 

on  Wonder  Telescope 
Telescopes  of  th 
size  have  sold 
for  S8.00 
$U)J 


Useful  and 
Entertaining 

' '  I  trained  Won- 
der Telescope  on 
buttes   28  miles 
away,    they  looked 
2  to  Smiles  instead" — 
.  Storey ,  Ft.  Rob:  nson.Xeb. 
"I  count  windows  in  houses  10 
miles  away"  —  Henry  Conner, 
Manor,  Tex.  "Can  see  children 
playing  in  school  yard  6  miles 
away"— P.  H.  Bennington,  Me 
Dade,  Tex.  "Can  tell  exact  min- 
ute on  Court  House  clock  2  miles 
away"— Jennie  Eeers,   Colum- 
bus, Ind.  "Don'tknow anything 
we  ever  enjoyed  so  much" — 
Chas.   Hunter,    Neenah,    Wis. 
"  Wouldn't  take  $10  for  it"-W. 
A.    Eskridee.     Ammond,    _Ky. 
"Can  read  r.nmbers  on  freight 
cars   a  mile   away"  —  A.    C 
Pa!m?r.  Indianapolis,  Ind 


YOU'VE  ALV/AYS  WANTED  A  TELESCOPE— NOWS  YOUR  CHANCE 


AMERICAN    HANDY    SAW    TABLE 

Y2  H.  P.  Motor  operates  it;  or  14  H.  P.  for  light 
work.  Furnished  also  with  countershaft  for  belt  drive. 
Saws  up  to  2"  thick  ouce  through. 

Steel  table  20"x26",  36"  high,  saw  8"  Dia.  May  be 
raised  or  lowered  for  dado  work,  ripping,  cut-off  and 
mitre  gauges,  saw  guards  and  splitter.  Weight,  crated 
220  lbs. 

Price  Without  Motor  $60.00 

Ask  for  descriptive  bulletin  of  this  and  other  ma- 
chines for  the  carpenter  and  builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Co. 

136  Main  St.,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

50  Church  St.,  New  York— The  Bourse,  Philadelphia. 


The  Improved  Gem  Scriber 

The  Tool   of   Many   Uses,    One   "Best 
Bet"  for  all  Wood  Workers.    (Price  45c.) 

SEuXfeiy"?  F.  Brais  &  Company 

1349  East  90th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio 


A  TOOL=BOX  NECESSITY  — THE  TAINTOR 
POSITIVE  SAW  SET.  The  Tool  which  sets  your 
saw  Right. 

Is  there  a  Taintor  in  Your  Tool-box?  If  not,  talk  it  over 
ivith  your  hardware  dealer.  Send  for  Book  :  "Care  of  Saws." 
free  to  members  of  the  Brotherhood. 

TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York  City. 


WECKS  SEXTOBLADE 
RAZOR 


STYLE  A  $3.00 

BUILT    FOR    CORRECT 
SHAVING. 


EASY  TO  STROP,  IN- 
SURING LONG  BLADE 
SERVICE. 


SIMPLEST  IN 

CONSTRUCTION 

ASK  YOUR  DEALER 

»  EDW.  WECR  &  SON,  N.  Y. 


HUTHER  SAWS  HAVE  PROVEN 

THEIR  WORTH  FOR  MORE 

THAN  50  YEARS 

Huther  Saws  represent  the  difference 
between  a  tried  and  an  untried  pro- 
duct. Their  superior  workmanship, 
strength  and  efficiency  have  been 
demonstrated  beyond  dispute  by  their 
performance  over  half  a  century. 


HUTHER  BROTHERS 
DADO  HEAD 

The  saw  that  makes  intricate 
cutting  and  grooving  easy. 
Consists  of  two  outside  cut- 
ters and  enough  inside  cutters 
to  perform  the  required  oper- 
ation. 


HUTHER  BROTHERS  HOLLOW 
GROUND  SAW 

>  Free  cutting,  leaves  a 
smooth,  even  surface. 
Ground  with  extreme 
accuracy. 

Illustrated  catalogue 
sent  promptly  on  re- 
quest. 


Huther   Bros.    Saw    Mfg.    Co. 

Rochester,   N.  Y. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World  Over 

Established  1790 
QUALITY   GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 


SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Send  10c  in  stamps  for  sample  %-ineh  Solid  Center  Bit. 
Selling  Agents: 
JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO.,  SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY.  FISKDALE,  MASS. 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time  by 
over  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
on  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says:       "The  Expert's 
Choice  File  flies  18  hand  saws  and  Is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert's  Choice  does  not  prove 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used.      DELTA 
SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 
extra  hard  saw.      Buy    your    tools    of    the    dealer    who   sells 
Delta  Files.      He  is  the  quality  man. 

Trial  Offer  If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20c. 
'""'"""  25c  or  30c  for  trial  file,  sent  prepaid.  Do 
thto  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


iM^s 


"THE  H I G H E ST  GRAD E  Fl LEW AD£ "-: 
DELTA  "HAND   SAW"  FILES 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL1 


MECHANIC'S    FAVORITE' 


-.  EXPERT'S   CHOICE  VWE*™': 

DOES  TWICE  THE  WORK-IN  HILT  THE  TIME  "  fc] 

The  File  You  Will  Eventually  Use  Tsef  ' 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


fif— -■--'-■-■  ■-^-*l  — 


Toe  best  Auger  Bit  File  made —  We  will  deliver  on  receipt  of  30  cenU  each. 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

A  REAL  LEVEL  AND  PLUMB 
ioo%  Adjustable.  No  Holes  to  Cut 


Designed  es- 
pecially for  the 
Convenience  of 
Progressive  Me- 
chanics. 
The  TJ.  B.  A. 
for  Leveling, 
Plumbing. 
Grades  and 
Pitches.  A  n 
all  a  r  o  u  n  C 
Level  and 
Plumb,  to  be 
applied  to  any 
Length  Straight 
Edge.  All 
Steel  Base  Fin- 
ished. Strict- 
ly Bust  Proof. 
Thousands  of 
satisfied  users. 
A  Real  Tool. 
Have  your 
Hardware  Deal- 
er supply  you, 
if  lie  cannot, 
send  us  his 
name  and  your 
money  order 
and  we  will 
mail  you  direct. 

(Pocket    Size— 
3Jil    inches) 


THE 


Price   $1.25 
UNION  LEVEL  M'F'G  CO. 


1979    W.    I  llth    Street 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price  $2.50.     Guaranteed. 
Manufactured  by 


x.      Strike=plate. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  15S. 


"Will  Yoi*  Give  Me  a  Chance 
to  Pa^  Yot*  $  10  0  *>Veek? 


'1  want  to  make  an  offer  whereby 
you  can  earn  from  $100  to  $1,000 
a   month,    cash. 

;You  can  be  your  own  boss.  You 
can  work  just  as  many  hours  a 
day  as   you  please.      Tou  can   start 

•  when  you  want   to   and   quit  when 

-you  want  to.  You  don't  need  ex- 
perience and  get  your  money  in 
cash   every   day   when   you   earn   it. 

These  Are  Facts 

^Does  that  sound  too  good  to  be 
true?  If  it  does,  then  let  me  tell 
you  what  Carl  Rowe  did  in  a 
small  town  in  New  York  State. 
Uowe    was    a    baker   earning   $50.00 

I  a  week.  He  accepted  my  offer.  He 
did  just  what  I  am  trying  to  get 
you  to  do.  In  his  spare  time  he 
made  as  much  as  $800  a  month. 
Then  he  quit  his  job  as  a  beker 
and    by   spending    all    his    time    at 

:  this  new   work  made  from   $900   to 
$1,200  a  month.     You  can  do  every 
bit   as  well  as   he  did. 
If  that   isn't   enough,    then  let   me 
tell    you     about    E.     A.     Sweet    of 


IMPORTANT   NOTICE 

The  Comer  Manufacturing  Com- 
pany is  the  largest  business  of 
its  kind  in  the  world.  Any  man 
who  becomes  a  representative  is 
assured  of  fair,  square,  honest 
treatment  and  will  have  reason 
to  be  proud  of  his  connection 
with   the   company. 


My 
Special 
Offer  to 
Readers 


Michigan.  He  was  an  electrical  en- 
gineer and  didn't  know  anything 
about  selling.  In  his  first  month's 
spare  time  he  earned  $243.  Inside 
of  six  months  he  was  making  be- 
tween $600  and  $1,200  a  month. 
W.  J.  McCrary  is  another  man  I 
want  to  tell  you  about.  His  regu- 
lar job  paid  him  $2.00  a  day,  but 
this  wonderful  new  work  has  en- 
abled him  to  make  $9,000  a  year. 
Yes,  and  right  this  very  minute  you 
are  being  offered  the  same  propo- 
sition that  has  made  these  men  so 
successful.  Do  you  want  it?  Do 
you  want  to  earn  $40.00  ?  day?. 

A  Clean,  High-Grade 
Dignified  Business 

Hare  you  ever  heard  of  Comer  AI- 
Weather  Coats?  They  are  adver- 
tised in  all  the  leading  magazines. 
Think  of  a  single  coat  that  can  be 
worn  all  year  round.  A  good- 
looking,  stylish  coat  that's  good  for 
summer  or  winter — that  keeps  out 
wind,  rain  or  snow,  a  coat  that 
everybody  should  have,  made  of  fine 
materials  for  men,  women  and  chil- 
dren, and  sells  for  less  than  the 
price  of  an  ordinary  coat. 
Now,  Comer  Coats  are  not  sold  in 
stores.  All  our  orders  come  through 
our  own  representatives.  Within 
the  next  few  months  we  will  pay 
representathes  more  than  three 
hundred  thousand  dollars  for  send- 
ing  u   sorders. 

And  now  I  am  offering  you  the 
chance  to  become  our  representa- 
tive in  your  territory  and  get  your 
share  of  that  half  million  dol- 
lars. All  you  do  is  to  take  orders. 
We  do  the  rest.  We  deliver.  We 
collect  and  you  get  your  money  the 
same  day  you  take  the  order. 
You  can  see  how  simple  it  is.  We 
furnish  you  with  a  complete  outfit 
and  tell  you  how  to  get  the  busi- 
ness in  your  territory.  We  help 
you  to  get  started.  If  you  only 
send  us  three  average  orders  a  day, 
which  you  can  get  in  an  hour  or 
so  in  the  evening,  you  will  make 
$100  a  week. 


May  be  You  Are  Worth 
$1,000  a  Month 

Well,  here  is  your  chance  to  find 
out,  for  this  is  the  same  proposi- 
tion that  enabled  George  Garon  to 
make  a  clear  profit  of  $40.00  in  his 
first  day's  work — the  same  proposi- 
tion that  gave  R.  W.  Krieger 
$20.00  net  profit  in  a  half  hour. 
It  is  the  same  opportunity  that  gave 
A.  B.  Spencer  $625  cash  for  one 
month's  spare  time. 
I  need  500  men  and  women,  and 
I  need  them  right  away.  If  you 
mail  the  coupon  at  the  bottom  of 
this  ad  I  will  show  you  the  easiest, 
quickest,  simplest  plan  for  making 
money  that  you  ever  heard  of.  If 
you  are  interested  in  increasing 
your  income  from  $100  to  $1,000 
a  month  and  can  devote  all  your 
time  or  only  an  hour  or  so  a  day 
to  my  proposition,  write  your  name 
down  below,  cut  out  the  coupon 
and  mail  it  to  me  at  once.  You 
take  no  risk,  and  this  may  be  the 
one  outstanding  opportunity  of  your 
life  to  earn  more  money  than  you 
ever    thought   possible. 

Find  Out  Now! 

Remember,  it  doesn't  cost  you  a 
penny.  You  don't  agree  to  any- 
thing, and  you  will  have  a  chance 
to  go  right  out  and  make  big 
money.  Do  it.  Don't  wait.  Get 
full  details.     Mail  the  coupon  now. 

C.  E.  COMER,  The  Comer  Mfg.  Co. 
Dept.    A-72,  Dayton,    Ohio. 


0   ♦<, 

w  j.  Av  ^  N*  . 


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SILVER 


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Eiife 

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Efficient  Cutting, 
Easy  Operation 

The  success  of  Atkins  Silvei 
Steel  Saws  is  attributed  to  theii 
wonderful  cutting  ability  an( 
their  ease  of  operation. 

They  are  made   scientifically 
overcome  wrist  strain  and  bine 
ing  in  the  cut.     Frequent  filii 
and    setting    is    unnecessary    be- 
cause our  formula,  Silver  Steel, 
and  our  special  taper  grinding 
a  guarantee  that  they  will  sta] 
sharp  longer  and  operate 
than  any  other  saw  made. 

Buy  Atkins  Saws,  give  ther 
trial,  you  will  be  pleased  with 
results. 


Send  25c  for  carpenter 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense  Booklet. 


Atkins  ltt\  Sa 

"The  Finest  On  Earth' 

E.C.ATKINS  8 

ESTABLISHED  1857  THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPLE 

Home  Office  tuvd  Factory.  INDlANAPOUS.rNDLWA 

Canadian  Factory.  Hamilton  Ontario 

Machine  Knife  Factory,  Lancaster  N.V. 

Branches  Carrying  Complete  SeocJiahlTw Following  Cities 

Atlanta  New  Orleans  Seattle 

Mempkis  New  York  City  Paris.  Franc* 

Chicago  Portlnnd.Orc.  Sydney.  N.  »•«. 

Minneapolis  SonFrftncteco  Vwveouvsr    l 


Entered  July  22,  1915,  at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter, 
under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24,  1912 

Acceptance  for  mailing  at  special  rate  of  postage  provided  for  in  Section   1103,  act  of 
October  3,  1917,  authorized  on  July  8,  1918. 

\.  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters,  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  America  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


'ol.  XLII — No.   8. 
established  in  1S81 


INDIANAPOLIS,  AUGUST,   1922 


Ten  Cents  a  Copy 
One  Dollar  Per  Year 


SUPPLEMENT  to  the  AUGUST  ISSUE 


VALUABLE  INFORMATION 


•by 


FRANK  DUFFY,    Gen' I  Secretary 


The  following-  information  is  valuable  to  our  members  every- 
where. It  gives  a  list  of  our  Local  Unions  in  numerical  order, 
showing  location,  meeting  place,  meeting  night,  hours  of  work 
per  day,  wages  paid,  Saturday  half-holiday  and  whether  work 
is  done  under  an  agreement  with  employer.  Some  of  our  Lo- 
cal Unions  have  not  filled  out  the  blanks  sent  them  for  that 
purpose  and  in  such  cases  we  cannot  give  the  data  required. 


NINETEEN   HUNDRED   AND   TWENTY-TWO 


VALUABLE  INFORMATION 

By 
FRANK  DUFFY,  Gen' I  Sec' y 

n  accordance  with  Paragraph  E,  Section  13  of  the  Constitution  of  th« 
J.  B.  of  C.  and  J.  of  A.,  information  required  is  herewith  furnished. 


rrn 

No.      CITY  AND   STATE 


MEETING  PLACE 


Meeting 
Night 


Hrs. 


Wages 


Sat.  j 
Hoi.     Agrt 


1  Chicago,  111 

2  Cincinnati.   O 

3  Wheeling,  W.  Va 

4  Davenport,  la 

5  St.   Louis,  Mo 

6  Amsterdam,  N.  Y.  .  .  . 

7  Alinneapolis,  Minn.   .  . 

8  Philadelphia,  Pa.    . . . 

9  Buffalo,  N.  Y 

10  Chicago,    111 

11  Cleveland,  O 

13  Chicago,    111 

14  San  Antonio,  Tex.  .  .  . 

15  Philadelphia,  Pa.    ... 

16  Springfield,  111 

17  Bellaire,   O 

18  Hamilton,   Ont.,   Can. 

19  Detroit,  Mich 

20  Stapleton,    N.    Y 

21  Chicago,  111 

22  San  Francisco,  Cal.    . 

23  Worcester,   Mass.    .  .  . 

24  Batavia,  N.  Y 

26  Syracuse,  N.  Y 

27  Toronto,  Can 

28  Missoula,   Mont.' 

29  Cincinnati,  O 

30  New  London,  Conn... 

31  Trenton,  N.  J 

33  Boston,   Mass 


175    W.    Wash   St 

122S    Walnut    St 

1506   Market   St. 

Turner   Hall    

Held's  Hall    

11  Church   St 

225    S.    5th    St 

1803  Spring  Garden  St. 
475    Franklin    St 

12  W.  Garfield  Blvd 

Carpenters'  Hall 

113    S.    Ashland   Blvd.  .  . 

1141    S.    Alamo   St 

1803  Spring  Garden  St. . 

M.    W.    Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Bldg 

130    King    St..    E 

1042    Cass    Ave 

Stapleton  Hall    

Lexington  and  Polk  Sts. 
Building  Trades  Temple. 
Union    Labor    Temple .  .  . 

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

501    Bastable    Bldg 

Labor  Temple   

Union   Hall    

1228  Walnut  St 

130    State    St 

Carpenters'  Bldg 

9S7  Washington  St 


34  San   Francisco,   Cal 1113   Stewart   St. 


35  Sau  Rafael,  Cal. 
30  Oakland,   Cal.    .  . 


37  Shamokin,  Pa 

38  St.  Catherine,  Que.,  Can. 

39  Cleveland,  O 

40  Boston,   Mass 

41  Nashville,  Tenn 

42  San  Francisco,  Cal 

43  Hartford,   Conn 

44  Champaign,  111 

40  Sault,  Ste  Marie,  Mich.  . 

47  St.   Louis,   Mo 

48  Norfolk,    Neb 

49  Lowell.  Mass 

50  Knoxville,  Tenn 

51  Boston,   Mass 

52  Charleston,  S.  C 

53  White  Plains,  N.  Y 

54  Chicago,  111 

55  Denver.  Colo 

56  Boston,  Mass 

57  Irvington,  N.  J 

58  Chicago,  111 

59  Lancaster,   Penn 

60  Indianapolis,  Ind 

61  Kansas  City,  Mo 

62  Chicago,   111 

;  63  Bloomington.   Ill 

i  64  Louisville,   Ky 

65  Perth  Amboy.  N.  J 

66  Jamestown,  N.  Y 

i  67  Boston,  Mass 

68  Menominee,  Wis 


Building  Trades  Hall. 
761   12th    St 


69  Columbia.   S.  C. 


P.   O.    S.   of  A.   Hall.  . 


Labor  Temple 

1355  Central  Ave 

30  Hanover  St 

Labor  Temple   

200    Guerrero    St 

59  Market   St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.    C.    Hall 

3024    Olive    St 

Winter's    Hall     

7  Kearney   Square 

3191   N.   ('lay   St 

XO     Hanover    St 

104    Line    St 

IVfoose  Hall    

20th  and  Springfield  Ave.  . 

1947    Stout    St.  .  .  .' 

30     Hanover     St 

Eagles'  Hall    

1005    Diversev    Parkway... 

22  S.  Queen  St 

S.   S.  Turner  Hall 

1225    Walnut    St 

6414  S.  Halsted  St 

110  W.  Grove  St 

809  W.  Jefferson   St 

Eagles'  Hall    

Central  Labor  Hall .  r .  .  .  . 
184  Dudley  St.,  Rox.,  Mas, 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


Wed. 
Tuesday 

Friday 

1-3    Mon. 

Thursday 
Monday 
Friday 
Monday 

Thursday 

Wed. 
Tuesday 

Thursday 
Tuesday 

Wed. 
Monday 

Thursday 

1-3-5  Tues. 

Monday 

2-4  Mon. 
Wed. 
Friday 
Friday 
1-3  Fri. 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 

1-3   Mon. 
Wed. 

Thursday 
Monday 
Monday 

1-a  Tues. 


1-3   Tues.    I      S 
I 
I 
Monday     I     S 


Thursday    |      8 


2nd    Calvary    Clmreh. 


Friday 

1-3  Tues. 
Tuesday 
Monday 
Tuesday 
Monday 
Friday 

1-3  Mon. 
Friday 

3-4   Mon. 
Tuesday 
Monday 
Friday 
Monday 

1-3  Thurs. 

1-3  Sun. 
Monday 
Monday 

2-4  Mon. 
Tuesday 
Monday 
Friday 

Thursday 

Thursday 
Friday 
Monday 

2-4   Mon. 

Friday 

Wed. 

2-L.    Sat. 

2-4     Fri. 


8      I 
8      I 
8 
8 

8 

8 
8 
S 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 


8.80 
7\60 

7.20 
7.<»o 
8.80 
6.'80 

0.40 

8.00 

7.00 

S.SO 

8.80. 

8.80 

7.00 

7.20 

7.20 

7.20 

0.00 

8.00 

'.Mill 

8.80 
8.35 
6.80 

5.1  HI 
7.20 
7.20 
8.00 
7.60 
6.40 

S.00 

8.00 
8.00 

to 

9.00 
8.35 

to 
9.00 
8.00 

to 
9.00 
6.40 

to 
7.20 
0.1  III 

s.so 
8.00 
5.12 

7.20 
7.00 
0.40 
8.80 

7.00 
5.00 
S.00 
5.20 
8.00 
8.80 
8.00 
8.00 

'.I. III! 

8.80 
5.20 
7.40 
8.00 
8.80 
8.00 
6.40 
9.00 
0.40 
8.00 
5.S5 
3.15 

to 

3.60 


Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 


Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 


Yes 

Yes 

No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
No 

Yes 


No 
No 
No 
Yes 
No 
.No 
No 
Yes 
No 
No 
Yes 
No 
No 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
No 
Vbl. 
No 


L.  L. 
No.   CITY  AND  STATE 


MEETING  PLACE 


Meeting 
Nisht 


Hrs. 


70  Chicago,    111 

71  Ft.   Smith,  Ark 

S2  Rochester.   N.   Y 

73  St.   Louis.   Mo 

74  Chattanooga.   Tenn. 

75  Indianapolis,    Ind. 

77  Port  Chester,   N.   Y. 

78  Troy,    N.    Y 

79  New  Haven.   Conn .  . 

50  Moreland.   Ill 

51  Erie.  Pa 

82  Haverhill,  Mass.   . .  . 

83  Halifax.  N.   S..  Can. 
85  Bed  Wing,  Minn 


12705    W.    38th    St 

.  |  Labor  Temple   

)100   Revnolds   Arcade. 

3024    Olive    St 

C.    L.    U.    Hall 

J13S   W.    Washington    . 

Carpenters'  Hall  .  .  .  . 
!  Labor  Temple 

Trades  Council  Hall .  . 
|4039  Madison   St 

C.  L.  D.  Hall 

1 2  Gilman   St 

Pythian   Hall    

Scandinavian    Hall    . . 


Monday 

Tuesday 

Monday 

Monday 

Thursday 

Thursday 

Thursday 

I'-L.   Mod. 

Monday 

Mondav 

;     Tuesday 

Tuesday 

1-3  Tues. 

|    4th   Mon. 

56  St.   Louis,  Mo 7801    S.    Broadway 1-3  Thurs. 

57  St.  Paul,  Minn j  Trades  Union   Hall 


Tuesday 
88  Anaconda,    Mont !  Carpenters'  Hall Saturdav 


89  Mobile,  Ala |R.  15,  Labor  Temple. 

90  Evansville,   Ind ',  Carpenters'  Hall  .... 

91  Racine,   Wis Union  Hall    

92  Mobile.   Ala i  Masonic    Temple    .  .  . 

93  Ottawa,  Can 115    Sparks   St 

94  Providence.  R.  1 35,    Westminster    St. 

96  Springfield.    Mass 10    Sanford   St 

97  New   Britain.    Conn '90  Arch   St 

98  Spokane.    Wash 9  Madison   St 

99  Cohoes.  N.  Y Federation  Hall 

100  Muskegon.  Mich Labor  Temple 

101  Baltimore.  Md I  Carpenters'  Bldg. 


Mondav 
Tuesday 
Thursdav 

I    1  3  Tues. 

r   Thursdav 

2-4   Wed'. 

Thursday 

Tuesday 

Fridav 

;    2-4   Mon. 

|  Tuesday 
Monday 

102  Boston.   Mass |724  Washington   St 3rd    Sun. 


103  Birmingham.    Ala 

104  Dayton,  O 

105  Cleveland.  O 

106  Des  Moines.  la 

107  Pensacola.  Fla 

10S   St.  Hyacinthe.  Que..  Can, 

110  St.  Joseph,  Mo 

111  Lawrence.  Mass 

112  Butte.  Mont 

113  Chesterton,  Ind 

114  Sulphur    Springs.   Tex.  . 

115  Bridgeport.  Conn 

116  Bav    Citv.    Mich 

117  Albanv.   N.   Y 

118  Jersev  Citv.  N.  J 

119  Newark.   N.   J 

120  Newark.   N.   J 

121  Bridgeton.   N.   J 

122  Philadelphia.   Pa 

124  Bradford.   Pa 

125  Ftica.  N.  Y 

126  Torrington.    Conn 

127  Derbv.  Conn 

128  St.  Albans.  W.  Ya 

129  Hazelton.    Pa 

130  Teague.  Tex 

131  Seattle.  Wash 

132  Washington.   D.    C 

133  Terre  Haute.  Ind 

134  Montreal.   Can 

135  New  York.  N.  Y 

136  Newark,   O 

137  Norwich.    Conn 

138  Pine  Bluff.  Ark! 

139  Jersev  Citv.  N.  J 

140  O'Fallon.  ill 

141  Chicago.  Ill 

142  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

143  Canton,  O 

144  Macon.  Ga 

145  Savre.  Pa 

146  Schenectadv,  N.  Y 

148  Newark.   N.   J 

149  Irvington,   N.    Y 

150  Plymouth.   Pa 

151  Long  Beach.  N.  J. . 

153  Helena.   Mont 

154  Kewanee.    Ill 

155  Plainfield.  N.  J.  .  .  . 

156  Staunton.   Ill 

157  Boston.  Mass 

158  Los   Angeles.   Cal.  . 

159  Charleston.  S.  C  .  . 

160  Philadelphia.  Pa.    . 


1909|  5th  Ave..  N.  . 
1251  S.  Jefferson  St. 
1355  Central  Ave.  .  . 
106    6th    Ave 


71    Mondor    

Labor  Temple   

G.  A.  R.  Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall , 

Carpenters'   Hall    , 

Carpenters'    Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall , 

Trades  Council  Hall 

120    Madison    Ave 

593   Summit  Ave 

Eagles'   TTqll    

SO  Wilson  Ave 

3  S.  Laurel  St 

4416  Germantown  Ave.  .  . 

Trades   Assembly   Hall.  .  . 

Labor  Temple  .  *. 

Union  Hall    

Labor  Hall    

Carpenters'  Bldg 

Union  Hall    

Labor  Hall    

1620  4th  Ave 

425   G   St..  N.   W 

624i    Wabash   Ave 

417  Ontario.  E 

98    Forsyth    St 

'Con.  Room.  Court  House. 

131    Water    St 

Building  Trades  Hall .  .  .  . 

Leffing   Hall    

Asburys  Hall    

71st  and  S.  Chicago  Ave. 

628  Penn.  Ave 

116  Market  St..   S 

|566J   2nd   St 

Redmen's  Hall    

269    State    St 

704    S.    14th    St 

II.  P.  H.  Rooms.  N.  E   St. 

Zakalvm  Hall    

Hick's  Hall    

Fraternal  Hall    

Tavlor   Hall    

224  W.  Front  St 

'  Labor  Temple   

'30  Hanover  St 

1  Labor  Temple   

Labor  Temple   

|3   N.    39th    St 


Monday 

Tuesday 
Monday 

Tuesdav 
Wed.  ' 

1-2  Mon. 
Thursday 

Mondav 
Thursdav 

1-3   Mon. 
Friday 

Tuesday 

Mondav 
2-4  Mon. 
1  3  Thurs. 

Mondav 
1-3   Mon. 

Mondav 

Tuesdav 
Thursdav 
Wed.  ' 
1st  Mon. 
1-3  Tues. 

Tuesday 

Fridav 

1-3   Mon. 

Tuesday 

Friday 
Thursday 

Monday 

Mondav 

2-4  Fri. 

Mondav 
1-3  Wed. 
Thursdav 
1-3  Tues. 

Tuesdav 
Wed. 

Monday 
Thursdav 
2-4    Wed. 

Mondav 
2-4  Mon. 
2-4   Wed. 

Fridav 
1-3  Tues. 
2-4  Thurs. 
1-3    Mon. 
2-4   Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Saturday 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 


8 
8 
S 
8 
9 
10 
8 
> 
8 
8 

S 
8 
8 
9 
8 
S 
8 
S 
8 
8 
9 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8-9 
8 
8 
8 
9 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 


Sat.  J 
Wages  j    Hoi. 


8.80 

10.00 

Yes 

8.00 

Yes 

8.80 

Yes 

6.40 

Yes 

7.40 

Yes 

8.00 

Yes 

7.0<J 

7.20 

Yes 

7.2m 

Yes 

4.56 

Yes 

6.75 

6.00 

to 

Yes 

7.00 

6.40 

Yes 

5.00 

to 

8.00 

5.60 

Opt.    | 

6.88 

Yes 

7.20 

Yes 

5.60    ! 

5.00 

Yes 

7.20 

Yes 

8.00 

Yes 

7.00    | 

Yes 

7.00    j 

Yes 

r.oo 

6.40 
7.20 
4.00 

to 
4.70 
6.00 
6.80 
8.80 
7.00 
4.50 
3.50 

7.20 
9.0Q 
7.20 

8.00 

6.40 
7.00 
6.30 
9.00 
9.00 
6.40 
8.00 
6.80 
7.20 


S.00 
7.00 
8.00 
7.00 
8.40 
7.40 
5.20 
9.00 
6.40 
6.40 
5.60 
9.00 
8.00 
8.80 
9.00 
7.20 
5.40 
6.00 
7.20 
9.00 
S.00 
6.80 
7.00 
7.20 
6.40 
3.00 

8.00 
8.00 
5.60 
8.00 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
No 


Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

No 
Yes 


If 
N( 
N< 
N' 
N< 
Y( 
N< 
Vb 
Yf 
N< 
Ye 
N( 

N( 
N( 
N( 
>"( 


L.   U. 

No.       CITY   AND    STATIC 


liil    Kenosha,    Wis 

L62   San  Mateo,  Cal 

[63  Peekskill,  N.  Y 

104  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

165  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

100  Rock   Island,    111 

L67   Elizabeth,  N.  J 

168  Kansas    City,    Kan 

169  Hast  St.  Louis,  111 

170  Bridgeport,  O 

171  Youngstown,  O 

172  Winnipeg,    J\Iau.,    Can.. 
17:J.  Munising,   Mich 

174  Joliet,    111 

175  Dillon,    Mont 

176  Newport,  R.  I 

177  Springfield,  Mass 

178  Montreal,    Que.,   Can .  .  . 

179  Rochester,   N.   Y 

180  Vallejo,    Cal 

181  Chicago,  111 

182  Cleveland,  O 

183  Peoria,    111 

184  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah .  .  . 

185  St.   Louis,   Mo 

186  Steuhenville,    O 

187  Geneva,    N.   Y 

IS9  Quincy,    111 

190  Klamath,  Falls,  Ore 

191  York,  Pa 

192  Syracuse,   N.  Y 

193  N.  Adams,  Mass 

194  Alameda,  Cal 

(95  Peru,  111.    .  .  .  •• 

196  Greenwich,  Conn 

197  Sherman,  Tex 

198  Dallas,  Tex 

199  Chicago,  111 

200  Columbus,  O 

201  Wichita,  Kan 

!02  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

203  Poughkeepsie,   N.   Y.  .  .  . 

204  Coffeen,  111 

205  Boyne,  Mich 

206  New   Castle,   Pa 

207  Chester,  Pa 

208  Port  Worth,   Tex .  . 

210  Stamford,  Conn 

211  Pittsburgh,    Pa.    ...'... 

212  Akron.  O 

213  Houston,  Tex 

214  Galion,    O 

',15  La  Payette,   Ind 

216  Torrington,  Conn 

217  Westerly,    R.    I 

!18  Boston,  Mass 

,!19  Petersboro,   Ont.,  Can.. 

120  Wallace,  Ida 

'.21  Naperville,   111 

!22  Westfield,  Mass 

:23  Fall   River,   Mass '. 

!24  Cincinnati,  O.    

lir.  Atlanta,    Ga 

.20  Portland,  Ore 

:27  Rock  Island,   111 

:28  Pottsville,  Pa 

:29  Glens  Falls,  N.  Y 

:30  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

:31  Rochester,   N.   Y 

:32  Ft.    Wayne,    Ind 

:33  W.  Chicago,  111 

134  Thompsonville,  Conn.... 

;35  Riverside,   Cal 

:36  Clarksburg,  W.  Va 

37  Pittsburgh,    Pa 

:39  Easton,  Pa 

40  Rochester,  N.   Y 

41  Moline,    111 

42  Chicago,  111 

43  Tiffin,    O 

44  Grand    Junction,    Colo. . 


MEETING   PLACE 
Modern    Woodman     Hall  .  . 

Building  Trades   Hall 

Matoka  Hall   

Labor  Temple   

Geyer's    Hall     

Industrial    Home    Bldg.  .  . 

Moose  Hall    

Eagles'  Hall    , 

( larpenters'   Hall    , 

Heinlein    Bldg 

25   W.   Federal , 

Labor  Temple , 

Labor  Hall    

127  E.  Jefferson  St 

Romain's    Carpenter    Shop, 

185    Thoines    St 

C.    L.    U.   Hall 

417  Ontario  St 

100   Reynolds   Arcade 

Labor  Temple   

2040   WT.   North   Ave 

Carpenters'  Bldg 

Labor  Temple 

Labor  Temple 

3024    Olive    St 

Moose  Hall    .  .' 

Rigby   Hall    

Labor  Temple   

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Temple 

Armbuster's  Hall    

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

Y.   M.    S.    Hall : 

Krause's  Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Carpenters'    Hall    

Labor  Temple   

Eagles'   Hall    

121£  E.  Town  St 

211    S.   Main   St 

Owls'    Hall    

Labor  Hall    

Coffeen  Lumber  Office 

21£   N.   Lake   St 

Trades    Assembly   Hall.  .  . . 

Carpenters'    Hall    

Labor  Temple 

Pitts    Hall     : 

105  Federal  St.,  N.  S 

44  E.   Market  St 

1301    Capitol     

Maccabee  Hall    

Labor  Temple   

A.shborn   Hall    

Stillman's    Hall    

30  Hanover  St 

Labor  Hall    

Trades  and  Labor  Hall 

Woodman    Hall    

Forester's    Hall    

391   N.   Main  St 

Bricklayers'  Auditorium    .  . 

8 J  W.  Alabama  St 

Labor  Temple   

Ind.    Hall     

110  N.  Center  St 

.Tacobison   Hall    

Birmingham  Turnverein    .  . 

100    Reynolds   Arcade 

120  W.'  Berry   St 

Woodman  Hall    

Emmett    Hall    

Mechanics'  Hall    

Carp.  Hall,  Erwin  Bldg 

Walter's  Hall    

Vanderveer  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.   Hall 

Industrial    Home    Bldg.  .  .  . 

VTcDennott's   Hall    ... 

C.   L.  U.  Hall 

Trades    Assembly    Hall.... 


45  Cambridge,  O 

46  New  York,  N.  Y 

48  St.  Clairsville,  O 

49  Kingston.    Ont.,    Can. 

50  Lake  Forest,   111 


Union   Labor   Hall. 


321  E.  73rd  St. 
Welday  Block  .  . 
Labor' Hall    

Bladder   Hall    .  . 


Meeting 

1  Sat.  J 

Night 

Ilrs. 

Wages 

1    Hoi. 

Thursday 

s 

7. HO 

Yes    | 

Tuesda  v 

8 

8.35 

1 

l-:',  Tues. 

8 

8.(1(1 

8 

!).(MI 

Monday 

S 

9.00 

Yes 

1-3   Fri. 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

2-4   Tues. 

8 

8.80 

Yes 

Monday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

Morula  y 

8 

s.oo 

Yes 

1-3   Wed. 

8 

7.20 

Thursday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

2nd    Fri. 

S 

0.00 

Yes 

1-3    Wed. 

9 

0.75 

No 

Tuesday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

Tuesday 

8 

7.00 

No 

Monday 

8 

6.40 

Friday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

Friday 

1-3  Tues. 

8 

6.80 

Yes 

Thursday 

8- 

8.00 

Yes 

Monday 

8 

8.80 

Yes 

2-4   Mon. 

S 

8.80 

Yes 

Thursday 

8 

7.60 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

Thursday 

8 

8.80 

Yes 

Monday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

Alt.  Wed. 

8 

6.40 

No 

2-4  Thurs. 

8 

6.80 

1st   Wed. 

8 

7.00 

No 

Monday 

8 

5.20 

Yes 

2-4   Wed. 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

1-3  Fri. 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

2-4   Tues. 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

1-3   Mon. 

8 

8.00 

Monday 

8 

6.00 

No 

Monday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

Monday 

S 

8.80 

Yes 

Thursday 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

Tuesday 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

Friday 

8 

9.00 

Tuesday 

S 

7.20 

Yes 

1st    Sat. 

2-4   Mon. 

Thursday 

s 

7.20 

Yes 

Friday 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

8.00 

Thursday 

s 

S.CT 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

7.20 

Friday 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

2-4  Tues. 

8 

6.00 

Yes 

Thursday 

8 

0.60 

Yes 

2-4   Wed. 

8 

5.60 

Yes 

1-3   Wed. 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

2  4  Thurs. 

S 

5.60 

Yes 

Tuesday 

8 

7.50 

No 

2nd  Mon. 

1-3  Tues. 

S 

6.80 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

Tuesday 

S 

7.60 

Yes 

Monday 

8 

5.60 

1 

Tuesday 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

2-4  Thurs. 

Var. 

Yes 

Thursday 

S 

6.40 

Yes 

Thursday 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

Monday 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

2-4  Tues. 

8 

0.00 

Yes 

Thursday 

8 

6.00 

Yes 

2nd  Tues. 

S 

2-4   Mon. 

8 

6.80 

Yes 

Monday 

8 

S.OO 

Tuesday 

8 

7.00 

No 

1-3  Thurs. 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

1-3  Tues. 

8 

6.00 

Yes 

2-4   Mon. 

8 

O.SO 

Yes 

1-3  Tues. 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

Wed. 

8 

8.  SO 

Yes 

1-3   Tues. 

9 

7.20 

No 

1-3   Mon. 

8 

S.OO 
5.20 

No 

2-4  Thurs. 

8 

to 
6.80 

No 

Monday 

s 

9.00 

Yes 

2-L.    Fri. 

2-4    Mon. 

8 

6.00 

1-3    Wed. 

8 

s.so 

Yes 

Yes 


L   U. 

No. 


CITY  AND   STATE 


251  Kingston,  N.  Y 

252  Oshkosh,  Wis.    .  . '. 

255  McKees  Rock,  Pa 

256  Savannah,  Ga 

257  New  York,  N.  Y 

258  Internat'l  Falls,   Minn 

259  Jackson,   Tenn 

260  Waterbury,  Conn 

261  Scranton,   Pa 

262  San  Jose,  Cal. 


263  Berwick,  Pa 


264  Milwaukee,  Wis.    .  . 

265  Hackensack,    N.    J. 

266  Stockton,  Cal.    .  . 

268  Sharon,  Pa 

269  Danville,   111 


270  Rock   Island,   111. 


271  Chicago,  111 

272  Chicago   Heights, 

273  Yonkers,    N.    Y .  . 


111.  . 


274  Vincennes,  Ind. 


275  Newton,   Mass 

276  Oklahoma    City,    Okla.. 

277  Philadelphia,  Pa 

278  Watertown,  N.  Y 

279  Omaha,  Neb 

280  Mt.    Olive,   111 

281  Binghampton,  N.   Y.  .  .  . 

282  Jersey  City,  N.  J 

283  Augusta,  Ga 

284  Jamaica,    N.    Y 

286  Great   Falls,  Mont 

287  Harrisburg,   Pa 

288  Homestead,  Pa 

289  Lockport,  N.  Y 

290  Lake  Geneva,   Wis 

292  Shawnee,  Okla 

293  Canton,   111 

294  E.   Palestine,   O 

295  Collinsville,    111 

296  Ensley,  Ala 

297  Kalamazoo,  Mich 

29S  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 
299  West  Hoboken,  N.  J 


300  Austin,    Tex 

301  Newburgh,  N.  Y 

302  Huntington,   W.  Va.  . 

303  Portsmouth,   Va 

304  San  Francisco,  Cal. .  . 

305  Millville,    N.    J 

306  Newark.   N.   J 

307  Winona,   Minn 

308  Cedar  Rapids,   la ...  . 

309  Hardin,    Mont 

310  Norwich,    N.    Y 

311  Joplin,  Mo 

312  Peetzburg,   N.   J 

313  Pullman,   Wash 

314  Madison,  Wis 

315  Boone,   la 

316  San  Jose,  Cal 

317  Aberdeen,  Wash 

31S  Baltimore.   Md 

319  Roanoke,  Va 

320  Westfield,  N.  J 

321  Connellsville,  Pa.    ... 

322  Niagara  Falls,   N.    Y. 

323  Beacon,   N.   Y 

324  Cottonwood,    Ariz.    .  . 

325  Paterson,  N.   J 

326  Prescott,    Ariz.    ...... 

327  Attleboro,    Mass 

328  E.  Liverpool,  O 

330  Roselle  Park,  N.  J.  .  . 

331  Norfolk,    Va 

332  Waxohachie,  Tex. 

333  New  Kensington,  Pa. 

334  Saginaw,  Mich 

335  Grand   Rapids,   Mich . 


MEETING  PLACE 


635    Broadway    

Trades  and  Labor  Hall. 

Labor  Temple   

K.  of  P.  Hall 

341    Lenox    Ave 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Stowall   Bldg 

Building    Trades    Hall.. 
Eagles'  Hall    


Labor  Temple 


P.  O.  S.  of  A.  Hall. 


Common  Labor   Hall. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

216   E.   Market   St.  .  . 

Flower's   Bldg 

109*   E.  Main   St 


Aieetint 
Night 


His. 


Wages  | 


1-3  Fri. 

1  3  Thurs. 

2-4  Fri. 

Wed. 
1-3   Mon. 

1-3  Fri. 
2-4  Fri. 
Tuesday 

Friday 

Monday 


2-4   Mon. 

2-4  Wed. 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 

Tuesday 
Wed. 


Industrial    Home    1-3   Mon 


9442   Cottage   Grove  Ave. 

Moose    Hall     

19   N.    Broadway 


Hoffman's  Hall 


251  Washington   St 

220J  N.  Robinson  St 

1803  Spring  Garden  St 

Moose   Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

77    State    St 

Groeschel's    Hall    

Labor  Hall    

Odd  Fellows'  Hall 

Carpenters'   Hall    

221  Market   St 

Amity   Hall    

Cor.   Main  and  Pine 

Union  Hall    

Ester  Bids 

Ellis    Bldg 

I.  O.   R.  M.   Hall 

Miners'   Institute    

Carpenters'  Hall 

120  S.  Burdich   St 

Volkert's    Hall    

Cor.    Bergenline    Ave.    and 

Monastery    St 

Trades  Council  Hall 

Labor   Hall    

828 J   4th  Ave 

Home  of  Labor  Bldg 

Carpenters'  Bldg 

Ins.  and  Marine  Bldg 

Eagles'   Hall    

Eureka   Hall    

Ben    Hur    Hail 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Trades   Assembly   Hall.  .  .  . 

Labor  Temple   

Mack's    Hall    

Old  Masonic   Hall    

Labor  Temple   

Labor  Temple   

Labor  Temple   

Carpenters'    Bids: 

715  N.  Eutaw  St 

11|  Church  Ave..  S.  W 

I  Masonic   Hall    

Moose  Hall    

Odd    Fellows'    Hall 

Forester's    Hall    

Creed's   Hall 

Labor    Inst  itute    

Labor  Temple   

48    S.   Main    St 

Fowler    Bids 

Cor.  1st  and  Chestnut  St.  . 

Bunting   Hall    

M.  W.  of  A.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

121|    S.   Franklin   St 

Trades  Council  Hall 

4 


1-3  Tues. 

2-4   Tues. 

Wed. 

Friday 

Thursday 

Wed. 
Tuesday 
Thursday 

Wed. 
4th    Fri. 
Thursday 
2-4  Thurs. 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 

Wed. 

Thursday 

Saturday 

Tuesday 

2-4   Mon. 

Tuesday 

Wed. 

Wed. 

2-L.    Fri. 

Friday 

Tuesday 

Monday 

Tuesday 

Wed. 
Monday 
Tuesday 
Monday 
Monday 

1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 
1-3   Fri. 
Mondav 

1-3  Tues. 

1-3  Tues. 
Tuesday 

1-3  Thurs. 
Friday 

2-4   Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Tuesday 

Wed/ 

Friday 

Tuesdav 

2-4  Thurs. 

4th  Wed. 
Tuesday 

1-3    Mon. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Wed. 

Monday 

Tuesday 

Thursday 

1-3  Mon. 
Tuesday 
Monday 

Thursday 
Monday 
Tuesday 


8-9 

S 
8 
8 


6.00 

to 
0.80 
6.00 
9.00 

0.00 

6.40 

0.40 
6.40 

7.011 
6.00 

to 

7.00 
5.60 

to 

6.00 
6.80 
8.00 
8.00 
7.20 

3.60 
to 

7.00 
7.20 
8.80 
8.00 
6.00 
to 

6.40 
8.00 
7.20 
8.00 
6.40 
7.20 
8.00 
6.80 
9.00 

9.00 
7.00 
6.40 
9.00 
6.00 
8.00 
7.00 
6.40 

S.00 
6.00 
6.00 
9.00 

9.00 

7.00 

7.00 

7.20 

6.40 

8.35 

7.00 

9.00 

6.40 

6.40 

7.20 

6.00 

00 

8.00 

I     7.00 

I     7.20 

I     6.00 

8.00 

I     7.20 

I     4.64 

I     5.85 

|     8.00 

I     7.20 

I     7.20 

I     7.00 

I     6.00 

I     8.00 

I     7.00 

I     6.80 

I     8.00 

[     8.00 

I     6.40 

I     7.00 

I     9.00 

I     6.40 

I     6.  SO 


I     7/ 


Yes 

No 

Yes 

No 

No 

No 

No 

Ye 

Yes 

No 

Yes 

No 

No 

No 

Yes 

No 

Yes 

Yet 

Yes 

Xe> 

No 

Yes 

Yei 

No 

No 

Yes 

No 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 

No 

No 

Yes 

Vbl. 

Yes 

No 

j.  u. 
No. 


CITY  AND  STATE 


MEETING  PLACE 


Meeting 
Night 


I  I 

I   I  Irs.  |  Wages 


Sat.  i  | 
IIol.    |Agrt 


30  La    Salle,   111 

38  Seattle,    Wash 

39  Clark   Summit,  Pa... 

40  Hagerstown,   Md.    .  .  . 

41  Chicago,  111 

42  Pawtucket,  R.   I 

43  Winnipeg,    Man.,    Can..j 

44  Waukesha,   Wis 

45  Memphis,   Teun 

40  Dayton,    O 

47  Mattoon,   111 

48  Waterville,  Me 

49  Orange,    N.    J 

50  New  Rochelle,  N.  Y 

51  Northampton,   Mass.   . .  . 

52  Anderson,    Ind 

53  Rockaway  Beach,  N.  Y. 

54  Gilroy,   Cal 

55  Buffalo,    N.    Y 

56  Marietta,  O 

57  Islip,  L.   I.,  N.   Y 

58  Tipton,    Ind 


Philadelphia,  Pa. 


Galesburg,  111 

Duluth,  Minn 

Pueblo,  Colo 

Elgin,    111 

Council   Bluff,   la 

Marion,   Ind 

New  York,  N.  Y 

Centralia,   111 

Allentown,  Pa 

N.  Tonowanda,  N.  Y.  .  . 

Lennox,  Mass 

Denison,   Tex 

Lima,  O 

Ft.   Madison,   la 

Buffalo.   N.    Y 

Pensacola,  Pla 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Alton,  111 ' 

Edwardsville,  111 

Texarkana,  Tex 

Herkimer,    N.    Y 

Washburn,   Wis 

Middleport,  N.   Y 

Bayonne,   N.   J 

Asheville,    N.    C 

New  York,  N.  Y 

Richmond,   Va 

Tuxedo,    N.   Y 

Holyoke,  Mass 

Hoboken,   N.   J  

Orange,   Tex 

Camden,  N.  J 

Boston,  Mass 

Adams,  Mass 

Newport  News,  Va 

Hillsboro,   Tex 

Lewiston,  Ida 

Phillipsburg,  N.   J 

Hudson,    Mass 

Pittston,  Pa 

Pittsburgh,    Pa 

Alexandria,  La 

Painesville,    0 

Wellsville,  O 

Bethlehem,  Pa 

Lewiston,  Me 

Worcester,   Mass 

New   Canaan,   Conn.... 

Selma,   Ala 

San    Angelo,    Tex 

Sayville,  N.  Y 

South   Bend,    Ind 

Nanticoke.  Pa 

Cincinnati,  O 

Chicago,  111 

St.    Louis.    Mo 

Greeley,   Colo 

Chicago,    111 

Detroit,  Mich 

Elwood    City,    Pa 

Rochester,  Pa 

Hingham,  Mass 

El  Paso,   Tex 

Los   Angeles,   Cal 

Omaha,  Neb 


)th  and  Hennlpen  St. 
Carpenters'   Hall 

Malta  Hall    

7    W.    Washington    .  .  . 

1434  Emma  St 

21  N.  Main   St 

Labor  Temple  

Compton's   Hall    

95    S.    2nd    St 

I'oeppelmeier's    Hall    . 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Burleigh   Block    

G.   A.    R.    Hall 

McGoveru    Hall    

Kopp  Hall 

738    Main    St 

Packinpen    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

1237    Genesee    St 

Labor  Hall    

Haff's   Hall    

K.  of  P.  Block 


1803   Spring  Garden 


Labor  Temple 

221  W.  Superior  St 

Labor  Temple 

Woodman  Hall   

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

Labor  Temple 

4215  3rd  Ave 

122J  N.  Locust  St 

37    S.    7th    St 

Star   Hall    

Town  Bldg 

Labor  Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

M.   W.   of  A.   Hall 

McAner's   Hall    

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

105   Thatford   Ave 

Tap   Horn   Bldg .'... 

Bohur's    Hall    

22|   E.    Broad   St 

0.  V.  A.  M.  Hall 

Union  Hall    

1.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Peoples  Hall   

Jenkins   Bldg 

12   St.  Mark's  PI 

Arcade  Bldg 

Henry   Club   Hall 

Monument   Hall    

New  I.  O.  O.  F.   Hall .  .  . 

Labor  Hall    

515    Lincoln    St 

184   Dudley   St 

A.    O.    H.    Hall 

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

Eagles'   Hall    

Eagles'   Hall    

Labor  Temple 

80  S.  12  St 

Labor  Hall    

Gage  Hall    

Cor.  9th  and  Main  Sts.. 
1st  National  Bank  Bldg. 

31  Liston  St 

Labor  Temple 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hal) 

Dr.  Moore's  Hall    

C.    Labor   Hall 

German  Hall 

•115    S.    Michigan    St 

Lupches    Hall    

122S  Walnut   

505    S.    State    SI 

(5225   Easton   Ave 

923    8th    Ave 

145 1    Clybourn  Ave 

1042   Cass   Ave 

C.  L.  U.   Hall 

I.   O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Kord    Bids 

Labor   Hall    

Labor  Temple   

Labor  Temple   


1-3    Frf. 

Monday 

Wed. 

Monday 

Thursday 

2-4  Thurs. 

Friday 
1-3  Thins. 

Friday 

1-3    Wed. 

Thursday 

Friday 

Wed. 
Monday 
1-3  Fri. 
Tuesday 
2-4  Mon. 
2-4  Fri. 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 
1-3  Sat. 
Wed. 

Wed. 

1-3  Tues. 

Tuesday 

Friday 
2-4  Tues. 
Thursday 
•Tuesday 

Monday 
Thursday 

Monday 
Thursday 
1-3   Tues. 

Friday 

Monday 

1-3   Fri. 

Friday 
1-3   Mon. 

Monday 

2-3   Mon. 

1-3  Wed. 

Wed. 

Monday 
2-4  Thurs. 

1-3   Fri. 

Monday 

Wed. 
2-4   Mon. 

Tuesday 
1-3  Mon. 
Thursday 
2-4  Mon. 
Thursday 

Monday 
L.  Thurs. 
Thursday 

Monday 

Wed. 

1-3  Thurs. 

2-4  Thurs. 

1st   Mon. 

Friday 
1-3    Wed. 
2-4   Wed. 
2-L.    Fri. 

1-3   Fri. 

Friday 

Wed. 

1-3  Tues. 

1-3  Thurs. 

1st    Fri. 

Monday 
1-3    Mon. 

Tuesday 

Friday 

2-4    Wed. 

Monday 

Monday 
Thursday 

Monday 

Friday 

Friday 

2-4    Mon. 

2-L.  Tues. 

Wed. 

Friday 

Tuesday 


8 

7.20 

Yes    | 

s 

0.00 

Yes 

s 

7.00 

Yes 

s 
s 

5.(1(1 
7.20 

Yes 

s 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

0.80 

Yes 

!) 

0.30 

Yes 

8 

o.oo 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

0.40 

No 

S 

0.40 

No 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

9.00 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

8 

6.00 

8 

6.00 
6.00 

No 

8 

to 
8.00 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

7.50 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

6.80 

Yes 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

No 

8 

5.00 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

No 

9 

6.30 

Yes 

8 

6.40 

No 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

S 

9.00 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

6.00 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

8 

.    6.00 

S 

9.00 

Si 

0.16 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

No 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

5.00 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

6.00 

Yes 

,8 

7.00 

No 

S 

7.00 

No 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

S 

O.SO 

8 

9.00 

S 

6.00 

No 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

5.60 

Yes 

S 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

6.80 

Yes 

s 

8.00 

8 

7.00 

8 

7.00 

I    Yes 

8 

0.S8 

Yes 

8 

6.80 

Yes 

9-10 

Yes 

8 

8.80 

Yes 

8 

s.so 

Yes 

s 

7.00 

Yes 

s 

10.00 

Yes 

8 

S.(l() 

Yes 

8 

N.IIO 

Yes 

s 

8.00 

Yes 

s 

7.20 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

1     8 

7.20 

Yes 

L.   V. 
No. 


CITY  AND   STATE 


428  Fairmont,   W.  Va 

429  Montclair,    N.   J 

430  Wilkinsburg,  Pa 

431  Brazil.  Ind 

432  Atlantic  City,   N.  J .  . 

433  Belleville,   111 

434  Chicago,    111 

435  Chester,  W.  Va 

436  New  Albany,   Ind.... 

437  Portsmouth,  O 

439  Glen  Park,  N.  Y 


I  MEETING  PLACE 

I  i_iabor   Hall    

I  Metropolitan  Bldg.  .  .  . 
JDuquesne  Hall    

Murphey's    Hall    

Union  Hall    

Schilling's   Hall    

11037   Michigan  Ave .  .  . 

K.  of  P.   Hall 

Trades  and  Labor  Hall. 

I  Maccabee  Hall    

I  Glen  Park  Hall    


440  Buffalo,    N.    Y. 


442  Hopkinsville,  Ky 

444  Pittsfteld,   Mass 

445  Palmer,   Mass 

446  Sault  Ste  Marie,   Can .  . 

447  Ossining,    N.   Y 

448  Waukegan,    111 

449  San   Francisco,    Cal 

450  Ogden,   Utah    

451  Middlesboro,    Ky 

452  Vancouver,   B.    C,   Can. 

453  Auburn,   N.   Y 

454  Philadelphia,   Pa 

455  Somerville,  N.  J 

456  Media,  Pa. 

458  Lawrence,    Kans 

459  Bar   Harbor,   Me 

460  Wausau,   Wis 

461  Highland  Park,  111 

462  Greensburg,   Pa 

463  Hinsdale,    111 

464  Caldwell,  Ida 

465  Ardmore,    Pa 

466  Dunkirk,  N.   .Y 

467  Hoboken,   N.   J 

468  Smithville,   Tex 

469  Cheyenne,   Wyo , 

470  Tacoma,  Wash 

472  Ashland,  Ky 

473  Sandpoint,  Ida 

474  Nyack,   N.   Y 

475  Walsenburg,  Colo 


476  Raymond,  Wash.  . .  . 

477  Wilmington,  N.  C .  .  . 

479  Sparta,    111.    . .  .' 

480  Freesburg,   111 

481  Barre,   Vt 

482  Jersey  City,  N.  J .  .  . 

483  San   Francisco,   Cal. 

484  Dunbar,  Cal 

486  Bayonne,  N.  J 

487  Linton,  Ind 

488  New  York,  N.  Y 

489  Glassboro,  N.  J 

490  Passaic,    N.   J 

491  Corinth,  N.  Y 

492  Reading,  Pa 


Meeting 
Night 

Friday 

2-4  Tues. 
.Monday 
Tuesday 
Thursday 
2-4  Thurs. 
Thursday 
1-2  Tues. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Thursday 
1-3  Thurs. 


1222  Jefferson  St |     Tuesday 


7th   and   Liberty    St. 
311    North    St 


Hussey  Hall    

Twigger  Bldg.  .  .  . 
Odd  Fellows'  Hall. 
113  Stewart  St.  .  . 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall .  .  . 


319  Pender   St 

Woodman  Hall   

329  Washington  Ave 

Case's    Hall     

Borough   Hall    

747    Mass.    St 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Labor  Temple   

Witten   Hail    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Neidig's    Hall    

714  Main  St 

Merion   Title  Hall 

Heyl  Block    

'125  Washington   St 

Odd  Fellows'  Hall 

Eagles'  Hall    

923    Commerce    St.  ......  . 

17th   St.   and   Greenup   Ave 


Red  Men's  Hall. 
Polish  Hall    


493  Mt.   Vernon,   N.    Y 

494  Windsor,  Ont,  Can 

495  Streator,  111 

496  Kankakee,  111 

498  Brantford,  Ont.,  Can.  .  . 

499  Leavenworth,  Kans.    . .  . 

500  Butler,  Pa 

501  Stroudsburg,    Pa 

502  Canandiagua,    N.   Y .  .  .  . 

503  Lancaster,  N.  Y 

504  Chicago,  111 

505  Litchfield,  111 

506  Gainesville,   Tex 

508  Marion,  111 

509  Mt.  Pleasant,  Pa 

,510  Du   Quoin,   111 

511  Roswell,  N.  M 

512  Ann  Arbor,  Mich 

513  Winfield,  Kans 

514  Wilkesbarre,  Pa 

515  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 

516  Lindenhurst,  N.  Y 

517  S.  Portland,  Me 

518  Charleston,  111 

519  E.  Rutherford,  N.  J 

522  Durham,  N.  C 


Eagles'  Hall 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

City  Hall 

Worthen  Block    

583   Summit  Ave.  .  .  . 
112    Valencia    St.  .  .  . 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Hendrickson's   Hall    . 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

495   E.    166th    St 

Finyer's   Hall    

Kantor's  Auditorium 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

26  N.    6th    St 


27  Mt.  Vernon  Ave. 


Dam's  Bldg.  .  . 
Eagles'  Hall  .  . 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Bld£ 


Labor  Temple   

Cor.  Main  and  Diamond  Sts 

Miller's  Hall    

Mutcheller    Block     

Wendel's  Hall   

Labor  Lyceum  Hall 

Merchants    Hall    

Firemen's  Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Carpenters'    Hall    

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Labor  Temple : . . . 

Labor  Hall    

44   S.   Main    St 

G.  A.  R.  Hall 

Liberty   Hose   House 

Farrintrton    Block    

C.    L.    U.    Hall 

Moose  Hall    

105  J    W.   Parrish    St 


1-3  Thurs. 
Monday 

Thursday 
1-3  Fri. 
Monday 

2-4  Thurs. 
Wed. 

2-4  Mon. 
Alt  |   Mon. 

Tuesday 
Thursday 
2-4   Mon. 

Tuesday 

Monday 
2-4  Tues. 
2-4  Tues. 
2-4  Tues. 
1-3  Thurs. 

Monday 
Wed. 

1-3  Fri. 
1st  Tues. 

1st    Sat. 

Monday 
Thursday 

Monday 

1-3  Fri. 
Monday 

Monday 

Wed. 
2-4   Fri. 

2nd  Sat. 
Monday 
Monday 
Monday 

1-3  Tues. 

Thursday 

1-3  Tues. 
Monday 

Friday 
2-4    Mon. 
Thursday 

Monday 

Wed. 
1-3   Wed. 
Thursday 

Wed. 
Friday 

1-3   Tues. 

1-3  Tues. 

1-3   Mon. 

Thursday 
2-4   Fri. 

2-4  Tues. 

2-4   Mon. 

1st  Thurs. 
Monday 

Thursday 

Thursday 

Wed. 
Tuesday 
Monday 
1st  Sat. 
Monday 
Monday 

1-3  Thurs. 
Tuesday 


Hrs. 

8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

S 
8 


10 


8 
8 
8 
8 
,  8 
8 
8 
8 
8 


Wages 

8.00 

9.00 
9.00 
7.20 
8.00 
8.00 
8.80 

6.40 
7.00 

7.60 

to 
8.00 
5.00 
7.00 

5.60 

8.00 

8.80 

6.24-6.74 

7.00 

6.50 
6.40 
7.20 
8.00 
7.20 
6.00 
7.20 
6.00 
8.80 
8.00 
8.00 
6.00 
8.00 
7.20 
9.00 
6.40 
7.50 
7.00 
7.20 

8.00 
7.50 
6.00 
to 
7.00 
6.00 
7.00 
6.40 
7.20 
9.00 
8.35 
8.00 
9.00 
6.80 
9.00 

8.00 
7.20 
6.00 
8.00 
to 
10.00 
6.40 

7.00 

7.20 
7.20 
6.30 


7.20 
8.80 
8.00 
6.40 
7.00 
7.00 
8.00 
6.50 
7.00 
6.00 
6.80 
7.50 
7.00 
6.40 
7.00 
8.00 
6.00 


7 


i23 


'  CITY   AND   STATE 

Keokuk,  la 

Coshocton,  O 

Galveston,  Tex 

Washington,  D.  C.  .  . 

Scottdale,  Pa 

Seattle,  Wash 

St.   Petersburg,  Fla. 

Elmira,  N.  Y 

Jeffersonville,  Ind.    . 

Burlington,   la 

Cadillac,   Mich 

Baker,  Ore 

Kalnvav,   N.  J 

Concord,    N.    H 

Waltham,  Mass 

Washington,  Pa. 

Salem,  N.  J 

Mamaroneek,  N.  Y... 

Salem,    N.    J 

Kane,  Pa 

Olean,  N.  Y 

Minneapolis.  Minn.    . 
Greenfield,  Mass. 


MEETING   PLACE        | 


m  Oakland,    Cal. 


■51  Lawrence,  Mass 

•54  San  Francisco,  Cal 

■55  Temple,  Tex 

50  Meadville,  Pa 

i57  Bozeman,   Mont 

58  Elmhurst,   111 

59  Paducah,    Ky 

61  Pittsburg,  Kans 

62  Everett,  Wash 

63  Glendale,  Cal 

64  Jersey  City,  N.  J 

65  Elkhart,  Ind 

66  Charleston,    Mo 

67  Chappell,  Neb 

68  Lincoln,  111 

69  New  York,  N.  Y 

70  Gardner,  Mass 

71  Carnegie,  Pa 

72  Georgetown,  Tex 

74  Middletown,  N.  Y 

76  Pine  Bluff,  Ark 

77  Charleston,  S.  C 

78  Chicago,  111 

79  Dubuque,  la 

80  Du   Bois,   Pa 

81  Herrin,  111 

82  Anniston,  Ala 

83  Portland,  Ore 

84  Emporium,  Pa 

85  New  York,  N.  Y 

86  Sacramento,    Cal 

87  Coatsville,  Pa 

88  Carterville,  111 

89  Cheney,   Wash 

!»(>  Rutland,    Vt 

HI   Little  Falls,  N.  Y 

92  Muncie.   Ind 

93  Chester,    Pa 

94  Dover,   N.   J 

95  Lynn,   Mass. 

96  Taylor,   Tex 

!>7   i  'enterville,   la 

98  Wabash,   Ind 

99  Hammond,  Ind 

00  Saranac  Lake,  N.  Y 

01  Lava  Hot  Springs,   Ida. 

02  St.    Louis,    Mo 

08  Ithaca,  N.  Y 

04  Murphysboro,   111 

07  Hannibal,  Mo 

08  New  York,  N.  Y 

09  Idaho   Falls,    Ida 

10  Port  Arthur,  Tex 

12  West  New  York,  N.  J.  . 

14  Baldwinsville,  N.  Y 

15  Brownsville,  Pa 

16  Chambersburg.  Pa 


|17  New  London,  Conn. 


|18  Hurst.  Ill 

19  Moose  .Taw.   Sask.,  Can. 

-'»>  Vineland,    N.   J 

-1  Bangor,   Me 


523J    Main    SI 

C.   T.    L.    ('■    Hall.  .  . 

2210  J     Ave.     E 

3rd   and    Perm.    Ave. 

Louck  s    Hall     

Kainier's    Hall     .... 
Odd  Fellows'  Hall.  . 

112    Lake    St 

Junior    Order     Hall. 
I.    O.    (>.    h\    Bldg.  ■  ■ 

Eagles'    Hall    

(ion.    Benry's   Hall    . 
Odd   Fellows"   Hall.  .  . 

C.  L.   U.    Hall 

:-!  Cresenl   St 

I.  O.  O.   F.  Temple.  .  . 

I.   O.   O.   F.   Hall 

Boyd's    Hall     

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.  of  P.   Hall 

Coast  Hall 

1921  University  Ave. 
Hollister  Block    


S.H. 


Labor  Temple 


184    Broadway    

113    Stewart    St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Central    Labor    Hall 

Labor  Temple   

Gloss  Hall   

Masonic    Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Temple 

K.    of    P.    Hall 

South    St.   and  Central   Ave. 
X.   Y.  C.   Federation   Hall.  . 

Times    Office    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

50  Ordand  St 

Oak    St 

Malta    Hall    

Limine!  t    Bldg 

C.    L.    V..  Hall 

Building  Trades   Hall 

148    Smith    St 

180  W.  Wash.  St 

Carpenters'    Hall    

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Hod   Carrier's   Hall    

10i   W.    11th    St 

Lombard  and  Peninsula   St. 

Moose  Hall    

424    W.   49th    St 

Labor  Temple   

Thompson    Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Carpenters'    Hall    

Apollo    Hall     

Trades    Assembly    Hall.  .  .  . 

Gbddard  Block    

Carpenters'    Hall    

Labor  Temple   

02    Munroe    St 

K,    of    1'.    Hall 

Woodman   Hall    

Labor  Temple    

Labor  Temple   

K.    of    C.    Hall 


Carpenters'  Hall 
K.  of  P.  Hall.  .  . 
Willis  Bldg.  .  .  . 
Labor  Temple  .  . 
315  W.  42nd  SI  . 
Labor  Temple  .  . 
"oxi    (irh    st.  .  .  . 

UiTi'ist  St 

O'Brien's    Hall    . 

Union  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 


Meeting 

Night 

2-4  Tues. 

1-8  Tues. 

1-x  Tues. 

1-3    Wed. 
1-8    Moii. 

Tuesday 

Wed. 

Sat  unlay 
Friday 
Monday 
Monday 

Wed. 
1-3    Sat. 
2-4  Tburs. 

Wed. 
Monday 
1-3  Sat. 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3  Sat. 
2-4  Wed. 
Thursday 

Wed. 

2-4    Wed. 

Friday 

Friday 
1-3  Fri. 
Thursday 

Friday 
Thursday 
1-3    Mon. 
Monday 

Wed. 

Thursday 

Monday 

Tuesday 

Friday 

Saturday 

2-4   Wed. 

2-4  Tues. 

Monday 

1-3  Thurs. 

Wed. 
2-4    Mon. 
2-4   Mon. 
Monday 

2-L.  Thurs. 
4th  Thurs. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Thursday 

Friday 

Wed. 

1-3    Sat. 

2-4    Tues. 

Friday 
Tuesday 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3  Tues. 
2-4  Wed. 
1-8  Thurs. 

Friday 
Thursday 

1-3  Fri. 
Thursday 
1-3    Wed. 
Saturday 
Thursday 

Wed, 
2-L.    Sat. 
1-8    Tues. 

Friday 

Friday 

.Friday 
2-4   Fri. 

Monday 
Thursday 
Tuesday 
1-3  Mon. 
U-4  Thurs. 
2-4  Thurs. 
Wed. 


Masonic    Hall     |   L.  Sunday 


Town    Hall     

Trades  Hall 
Moose  Hall 
Y.    M.    ('.    A.    Bldf 


1-8  Fri. 
1st  Mon. 
2-4  Wed. 
1-3  Thurs 


1 

1  Sat.  h 

Irs. 

1  Wages 

\    IIol. 

|Agrt 

s 
s 

6.40 

0.40 

Yes 

No 

8 

.S.I  Ml 

Yes 

No 

S 

6.80 

No 

No 

S 

7.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

7.oo 

No 

No 

8 

11.40 

Yes 

Yes 

8 
S 

0.40  | 
0.40 

Yes 

Yes 

9 

•0.80 

No 

No 

S 

7.oo 

No 

Yes 

S 

8.00 

Yes 

Yes 

s 

5.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

7.20 

No 

Yes 

8 

5.20 

No 

No 

8 

S.00 

8 

7.00 

No 

No 

S 

0.40 

No 

No 

8 

0.40 
7.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

to 
8.00 

Yes 

No 

s 

7.20 

Yes 

No 

s 

0.74 

Yes 

No 

8 

S.00 

No 

No 

8 

O.40 

Yes 

No 

8 

7.00 

No 

No 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

No 

No 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

No 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

0.40 

Yes 

No 

8 

4.00 

No 

No 

8 

7.00 

s 

0.40 

8 

9.oo 

Yes 

Yes 

8 

0.40 

No 

No 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

l'es 

S 

6.S0 

No 

No 

8 

5.20 

8 

S.00 

s 
s 

8.00 
7.20 

No 

No 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

Yes 

8 

8.35 

Yes 

No 

8 

0.00 

Yes 

No 

8 
8 

S.00 

7.00 

s 

0.00 

No 

No 

8 

0.40 

Yes 

Yes 

8 

0.80 

Yes 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

I  Part 

8 

S.00 

Yes 

No 

8 

S.00 

Yes 

No 

S 

7.oo 

No 

No 

s 

0.80 

No 

No 

s 

5.60 

Yes 

Yes 

s 

s.so 

Yes 

Yes 

9 

7.20 

Yes 

Yes 

8 

S.SII 

Yes 

Yes 

s 

0.00 

No 

Yes 

8 

s.oo 

8 

0.40 

S 

0. no 

Yes 

No 

8 

7.2o 

8 

7.0H 

No 

No 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

res 

8 

0.00 

8 

s.oo 

Yes 

ZeS 

9 

.-..40 

3.36 

Yes 

No 

8 

to 

4.70 

No 

Yes 

S 

s.oo 

9 

0.80 

Yes 

No 

s 

6.00 

"i  ea 

No 

L_ 


No. 


CITY    AND    STATE 


MEETING    : 


Meeting 

Night 


Hrs.      Wages 


622  Waco.    Tex 

623  Danielson.  Conn 

624  Brockton.   Mass 

626  Wilming'on.    Del 

627  Jacksonville.  Fla 

629  Parrv  Sound.  Oct..  Can. 

630  Menasha.  Wis 

631  Spring  Valley,  111 

632  Providence.  R.  I 

633  Granite  Citv.    Ill 

634  McCook.   Neb.* 

635  Boise.  Ida 

636  Burlington.   la 

637  Hamilton.  O 

638  JVIorriston.   N.   J 

640  Neteong.  N.  J 

641  Ft.  Dodge.  la 

042  Richmond.   Cal 

643  Chicago.  Ill 

044  Pekin.    Hi 

045  E  :  La-  Fes    s.  X.  M 


:  Labor  Hall    

St  John  Hall    

25  Main   St 

Labor  Temple 

Labor  Temple 

'Frank   White's   Res    . 

Eagles'   Hall.   Neenah. 

K.   of  P.   Club  B 

357   Westminster    St .  . 

Labor  Temple 

R.    W.    Austin's   Office 

•  Labor  Temple 

I  Labor  Temple 

Labor  Temple 

Liberty  Club  Hall 

;  Palace  Theatre 

Labor  Hall    

331   McDonald  Ave.  .  . 

180   W.    Wash.    St 

Woodman  Hall 

i  Moose  Hall   


646  Ottawa,  Ont..  Can J115    Sparks   St. 


647 

045 

650 
651 

•■•■.:,2 
053 
654 
655 
.-,50 
657 
05  s 

.-;r,r< 

00«'» 
661 

002 
.>";.-, 
000 
06S 
000 
670 
671 
■■-■2 
073 
074 
075 
077 
678 
079 

P.ftM 

651 
0-2 
053 
054 
055 
050 
097 
055 
690 
091 
093 
694 
695 
096 
095 
099 
700 
701 
702 
7'"' 3 
704 


Fairfield.    Conn. 
Pana,  ni 


Red  Men's  Hall 

'  Knights  and  Ladies  of  Se- 
curity  Hall    

1  Skinner  Hall 


Friday 
1st   Mon. 

Monday 
Wed. 

Tuesdav 

L.  Sat. 
1-3   Mon. 

1-3    Fri. 

Monday 
Thursday 
1-2    Mon. 

Monday 
2-3   Fri. 
Thursday 
Thursday 
2-4    Mon. 

Tuesday 

Fridav 
1-3   Wed. 

Tuesday 
1-3   Mon. 

Friday 

1-3  Wed. 


2-4   Fri. 
1    1-3  Wed. 


Pomerov.    O 

Jackson.'  Mich '  Labor  Hall    Wed. 

Elwood.  Ind lElaxander   Hall    ■:  2nd  Tues. 

Chickasha.  Okla ;411i    Chicksha    Ave Monday 

Rhinelander.    Wis Labor  Temple   t    1-3   Wed. 

Key  West.   Fla Cor.  Caroline  &  Elizabeth.)        Wed. 

Holvoke.  Mass 255    High    St Monday 

Sheboygan.  Wis |  Labor  Hall    2-4  Thurs. 

Millinoeket.  Me (Rush  Bros.  Hall 2-L.  Thurs. 

Rawlins,  Wyo |  North    Star   Hall    2-4   Fri. 

Springfield.  O Labor  Temple 1    Thursday 

Ottawa.  Ill ;  Union  Hall    \   2-4   Tues. 

Mr.  Morris.  N.  T I  Bingham    Block    i   3rd  Thurs. 

Amarillo.  Tex |W.  O.  W.  Hall Thursday 

Mimico.  Oct..   Can I  Orange  Hall 


Palo   Alto.    Cal 

Harrisburg.  111.  .  . 
Evansville.   Ind.    .  . 

Clovis.  N.  M 

Toppenish.  Wash.   . 
Ft.  Edward.  N.  T. 
Mt,  Clemens.  Mich. 
Alhambra,  Cal.    .  .  . 

Lebanon.  Pa 

Dubuque,  la 

Montpelier.   Vt.    .  .  . 

Newton.   Mass 

Loveland,  Colo.   . . . 

Franklin.    Pa 

Burlington.   Vt.    . .  . 

Latrobe.   Fa 

Cbicopee.  Mass.  ... 
Black-well.  Okla.  . . 
Elizabeth.  N.  J.  .  . 
Santa  Anna.  Cal.  . 
Little  Rock.  Ark. .  . 
Williamsport.  Pa.  . 
Needham.  Mass.  .  . 
Boonville.   Ind.    .  - . 

Sterling.    Ill 

Tampa.  Fla. 


Newport,  Kv 

Sewickley.  Pa K.  of  P.  Hall 

Corning.  N.  Y |  Labor  Hall 


1-3  Thurs. 

Fraternity  Hall    j     Tuesday 

Redmen's*  Hall    |  2-4  Thurs. 

1st  Wed. 

Labor  Hall    

C.  C.   Church  Bas em 
Trades   Assembly   Hall.  . 

G.   A.    R.    Hall.*. 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

P.  O.  S.  of  A.  Hall 

Carpenters'   Hall    

G.  A.  R.  Hall 

Wash.    St 

Moose  Hall    

Carpenters'   Hall    

Church    St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Union  Canadian  Hall . .  . 

Gurlev  Bldg 

454    1st   Ave 

Woodman   Bldg 

Moose  Hall 

Labor  Temple    

Carpenters"    Hall    

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

Anier.   Legion    Hall 

Labor  Temple 

9th   and   Central    Ave 


Friday 
Thursday 
1-3   Mon. 
2-4  Mon. 
Thursday 

Wed. 

1-3   Wed. 

Monday 

2nd    Thurs. 

1-3  Thurs. 

Wed. 
Thursday 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Wed. 
Friday 
1-3  Sat. 
1-3  Fri. 
Thursday 
Monday 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 
1-3  Mon. 
Monday 
2-4  Wed. 
1-3  Mon. 
2-4  Mon. 
Tuesday 
1st  Sat. 
1-3   Tues. 

Wed. 
Friday 
Monday 
1-3  Mon. 
Friday 
2-4  Sat. 
Tuesday 

Tuesday 

Monday 

Wed. 
1-3  Tues. 

Friday 
2-4   Tues. 
719  Freeport,  111 |  Carpenters'   Hall    |    1-3  Tues. 

S 


709 
710 


Fresno.  Cal. 

Grafton.  W.  Va 

Lockland,   O 

Quanah.    Tex 

Lorain.  O 

Sullivan.   Ind 

Silver  City.  N.  M 

West  Newton.  Mass .  .  . 

Shenandoah,  Pa 

Long  Beach,  Cal 


711  Mt.  Carmel.  Pa. .  . 


712  Covington.   Ky.    .  .  . 

713  Niagara  Falls.  Can. 
715  Des  Moines,  la. 

710  Zanesvill^.  O 

718  Havre.  Mont. 


Union   Hall    .  . 
3  W.  Main  St. 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

112  W.  18th   St 

M.  W.  of  A.  Hall :  .  . 

Entzminger    Hall     

A.   O.   U.   W.    Hall 

I.    0.    O.   F.    Hall 

231   E.    3rd    St 

P.    O.    S.   of  A.    Hall 

Moose  Hall    

Bacupfield   Hall    

Trades  Assembly  Hall.... 
Cen.  Trade  and  Labor  Hall 
Labor  Hall 


8 

- 

10 

8 

9 

8 

8 
8 


S-9 


8 

8 

8-9 

8 

8 


- 

Yes 

6.00 

7.60 

Yes 

7.20 

Yes 

6.40 

Yes 

6.00 

No 

No 

7.20 

7.2" 

8r10 

Yes     ; 

7.00 

No 

5.60 

Yes    | 

0.5" 

Yes    | 

8.00 

Yes 

8.00 

YhS 

6.40 

No 

8.3-3 

8.80 

7.2" 

Yes 

7.2" 

No 

2.70 

to 

Yes    1 

4.50 

5.oo 

0.4" 

No 

6.00 

No 

6.00 

Yes 

6.00 

No 

7.00 

No 

7.00 

No 

6.40 

No 

0.40 

Yes 

6.60 

Yes 

7.20 

No 

- 

Yes 

" 

No 

- 

No 

7.2" 

Yes 

- 

Yes 

8.00 

No 

7.00 

No 

7.2u 

Yes 

7.2" 

Y'es 

8.00 

Yes 

5.60 

Yes     | 

7.00 

Yes 

6.00 

No 

8.00 

Yes 

6.40 

Yes 

5.00 

8.00 

Yes    i 

7."" 

No 

8.80 

Yes 

- 

No 

0.4" 

Yes    I 

0.4" 

Yes    | 

- 

All  day! 

5.00 

7.20 

Yes 

0.40 

Yes 

t 

Yes 

9.00 

Yes 

6.80 

Yes 

-  • 

6.30 

J 

7.20 

Yes 

6.00 

7.O0 

8.00 

All  day; 

6.40 

Yes 

8.00 

Yes 

6.40 

to 

Yes 

7.20 

7.00 

Yes 

Yes 

5.60 

Yes 

7.2" 

Yes 

T.on 

No 

6.00 

1 

CITY   AND   STATE 


h.    L. 
No. 

720  Worcester,   Mass 

721  Raleigh,  N.  C 

722  Manchester,  N.   H. .  .  . 

723  Newark,  N.  J 

724  Houston,  Tex 

725  Salt  Lake.  City,  Utah . 
72G  Providence,    R.    I 

727  Petersburg,  Va 

728  Pontiac,  111 

729  Thurber,  Tex 

730  Quebec,  Can 

731  Corsicana,  Tex 

732  Oakland.    Ind 

733  Percy,  111 

734  Kokomo,    Ind 

735  Mansfield.  O 

73G  Philadelphia,   Pa.    ... 


737  Carlinville,   111 

739  College   Hill,   O 

740  Brooklyn,   N.   Y 

741  Beardstown,    111 

742  Decatur,  111 

743  Bakersfield,  Cal 

744  Red  Lodge,  Mont 

745  Honolulu,   H.   I 

746  Norwalk,  Conn 

747  Oswego,  N.  Y 

748  Taylorville,  111 

749  Mt.  Vernon,  O 

750  Asbury  Park,  N.  J .  .  . 

751  Santa  Rosa,  Cal 

752  Hackensack,   N.  J.    .  . 

753  Beaumont,  Tex 

754  Fulton,   N.   Y 

755  Superior,  Wis 

756  Bellingham,  Wash.    .  . 

757  S.  Manchester,  Conn. 


759  San  Francisco,  Cal. 


760 
761 
762 
763 
764 
765 
766 
767 
768 
769 
770 
771 
772 
773 
774 
775 
770 
77S 
779 
780 
781 
782 
783 
f84 
7sr, 
786 
787 
788 
789 
790 
791 
792 


Melrose,  Mass 

Sorel.  Que.,  Can 

Quincy,  Mass 

Enid,    Okla 

Shreveport,  La 

Mascoutah,  111 

San  Francisco,  Cal..., 

Ottumwa,  la , 

Forty  Fort,  Pa 

Pasadena,   Cal 

Yakima,  Wash , 

Watsonville,   Cal.    

Clinton,  la 

Braddock,  Pa 

Lexington,  Mo 

Hoquian,   Wash 

Marshall,  Tex 

Fitcbburg,  Mass 

Waycross,  Ga 

Astoria,  Ore 

Princeton,  N.  J 

Fond  Du  Lac,  Wis .  . . 
Sioux  Falls,  S.  D.  .  .  . 
North  Easton,  Mass.. 

Covington,  Ky 

Skawhegan.   Me 

Brooklyn,  N.  Y 

Chicago,  111 

Marisca,  111 

Dixon,   111 

Brooklyn,   N.  Y 

Rockford,  111 


793  Kingston,   N.  Y.    . 
'  794  Leominster,  Mass. 


MEETING    PLACM 


795  St.   Louis,  Mo. 


:796  Sequin,  Tex 

|f97  Charlevoix,  Mich 

;  798  Salem,   111 

1 799  Brockville,   Out.,  Can... 

i  iOl  Woonsocket.  R.   I 

U03  Metropolis.    Ill 

;S04  Naugatuck,  Conn 

?05  Zeigler,  111 

<0(>  Pacific  Grove,  Cal 

i07  Toluca,    HI 


02    Madison    St 

Armory  Hall    

A.    O.    H.    Hall 

240    Springfield    Ave 

Carpenters'    Hall    

Labor  Temple   

98    Weybossett   St 

Red    Men's    Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Carpenters'   Hall    

272  Desfosses   ■ 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Temple 

Trades  and  Labor  Council . 
S.  E.  Cor.  49th  and  Wood 

lander    

Building  Trades   Hall 

Junior    Hall     

253    Atlantic    Ave 

Cor.  Main   and  State  Sts.  . 

Masonic   Hall    , 

Labor  Temple , 

Labor  Temple   , 

Union  Labor  Hall - 

Redmen's   Hall    

City  Savings  Bank  Bldg.  - 
Carpenters'    Hall    ....... 

Union   Hall    

S12   Cookman  Ave 

630  A  Fourth   St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall 

2nd  and   Oneida  Sts 

Labor  Temple 

Labor  Temple   

Forester's  Hall 


Labor  Temple 


Rother's  Hall    

Lussier  Hall    

Bradford    Bldg 

Beck's  Bldg 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Odd  Fellows'  Hall 

Building    Trades    Temple 

220  E.  Main  St 

Stroh's   Hall    

Labor  Temple   

29  N.   2nd   St 

Forester's  Hall    

Soldiers    and    Sailors'    Hall 

611  Braddock  Ave 

Labor  Temple   

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

Bunn    Annex     

Moose  Hall    

124    Nassau    St 

G.  A.  R.  Hall 

Labor  Hall    

Lake   Hall    

Workman  Hall    

City    Hall    

Parkwav  Assembly  Hall. 
2431    Roosevelt    Ave.  .  .  . 

Border's    Bldg 

Rickard's   Hall    

136    Schermerhorn    SI..  . 
Machinists'    Hall    


Odd  Fellows'  Hall. 


F.  O.  E.  Hall. 


15th  and  Cass   St. 


Nolte  Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Hall    

Stavner  Block   

5   S.   Main    St 

I.-  O.  O.  F.  Temple 

G.  A.  R.  Hall 

Small  Bldg.,  W.  Main   SI 

Work  Hall    

Carpenter   Shop    


Meeting 
Nighl 

1-3    Fri. 

Tuesil.-i  y 
1st  Fri. 
Tuesday 
Thursday 
2-4  Thurs. 
1-2  Tues. 

Friday 
2-4   Wed. 

Wed. 
Wed. 

Saturday 

Weil. 
1-.'',     Moll. 

Thursday 
2-4    Wed. 

Wed. 

i-:;   Wed. 

Monday 

Monday 

Wed. 

■  Monday 

Wed. ' 

Wed. 

2-4    Wed. 

2-4  Muii. 
Monday 

2-4   Mon. 

1-3   Mon. 

2-4  Tues. 
Friday 

1-3    Mon. 
Friday 
Friday 

Thursday 
Tuesday 
1-3   Fri. 

2-4  Thurs. 


I 

|    Ill's. 


2-4   Mon. 

Thursday 

10 

Monday 

s 

Mondav 

8 

Monday 

S 

L.    Wed. 

S 

1-3    Fri. 

S 

Monday 

s 

Wed. 

s 

Thursday 

8 

Friday 

8 

Mondav 

8 

Tuesday 

8 

1-3    Fri. 

8 

1-2    Fri. 

s 

Wed. 

8 

1-3    Fri. 

1-3  Thurs. 

s 

Saturda y 

8 

Friday 

8 

Friday 

8 

2-4  Thurs. 

8 

Friday 

8 

2nd   Wed. 

8 

1-3   Wed. 

1-3    Mon. 

8 

Monday 

8 

2-4    Tues. 

2  4  Thurs. 

8 

Tuesda v 

S 

Monday 

8 

Monday 

s 

2-4  Thurs. 

S- 

I-?,   Tues. 

8 

2-4   Fri. 

9 

Thursday 

8 

1-3   Fri. 

s 

1-3     Weil. 

8 

l  ::  Thurs. 

s 

2- 1  Tues. 

8 

1-3    Mon. 

s 

2-4   Tues. 

Tuesday 

2-1     Mon. 

s 

1st    Mon. 

9 

w 


8     I 


8 

8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
8 

S 


(i.40 
7.0(1 
5.40 
7.00 
(J.40 
7.oo 
7.20 
0.00 

8.00 
7.20 
7.60 

6780 

7.20 
8.00 
8.00 
6.50 

7.20 
0.00 
o.so 
5.00 
7.50 
8.00 
8.00 
7.00 

7.80 
7.20 
7.00 
5.60 
to 
6.74 

3.50 
7.20 
S.00 
8.00 
6.00 
8.35 
7.00 
6.80 
8.00 
7.20 
7.20 
6.00 
9.00 

0.00 

7.20 
7.00 

(i.SO 

6.40 

7,oo 
8.00 
6.00 
0.40 

7.20 

6.00 
9.00 


Sat.  J  I 
liol.    |Agrt 
Yes 
Yes 


Yes 

No 
Yes 
No 

No 


No 
No 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

No 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 

No 


Yes 
No 

Yes 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

No 
Yes 


No 
All  day  | 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 

I 
Yes    | 
Yes    I 
Yes    | 
Yes 
No 
Yes 
No 
Yes    I 

Yes     I 

No 

Yes 

Y'es     ! 

No 

No 

Y'es 


Vbl. 

No 
[      Yes 

:    No 

I     No 

!     No 

No 


No  No 

Yes  No 

I 


7.00 

1 

0.40 

No     ; 

9.00 

Yes 

7.20 

Yes 

4.00 

to 

Yes 

7.S5 

5.00 

4.05 

to 

4.50 

0.00 

0.80 

No 

(i.00 

Yes 

o.on 

6.80 

Yes 

5.20 

No 

7.4o 

Yes 

No.       CITY   AND   STATE 
SOS  Brooklyn,   N.   Y 

509  Charleston,    S.   C 

510  Wakefield,   R.    I 

811  Atlantic  Highl'ds,  N.  J. 

812  Cairo,   111 

S13  Carbondale,  Pa 

814  Westbampton,  N.  Y 

816  Pittsfield/Ill.  ..' 

817  Bessemer,  Ala 

S18  Putnam,  Conn 

819  West  Palm  Beach,  Fla. 

820  Wisconsin    Rapids,    Wis, 

821  Effingham,  111 

822  Findlay,  O 

S23  Hominy,  Okla 

824  Muskegon,   Mich 

825  Willimantic.  Conn 

826  Sycamore,   111 

827  Closter,   N.  J 

828  Mento  Park,  Cal 

829  Santa  Cruz,   Cal 

830  Oil  City,  Pa 

831  Arlington,  Mass 

833  Berwyn,  Pa 

834  Revnoldsville,  Pa 

S35   Seneca  Falls.  N.  Y 

836  Janesville,  Wis 

837  Seattle,  Wash 

838  Sunbury,  Pa 

839  Brigham  City,  Utah 

840  Olney,  111 

841  Carbondale,  111 

842  Pleasantville,  N.  J 

843  Jenkentown,  Pa 

S44  Los  Gatos,   Cal 


MEETING   PLACI 


845  Clifton  Heights,  Pa. 


S46 
847 
848 
849 
S50 
852 
853 
854 
855 
856 
857 
858 
859 
860 
861 
S62 
863 
864 
865 
866 
S67 
868 
869 
870 
871 
872 
873 
S74 
875 
876 
877 
878 
879 
880 
881 
882 
8N3 
884 
885 
886 


890 
891 
893 
894 
895 
896 
897 
898 

899 


Labor    Lyceum 

Painters'    Hall 

Carpenters'   Hal 

Carpenters'   Hall 

L200    Wash.    Ave 

C.   L.   U.   Hall 

[Good    Templar's    Ha 

Carpenters'    Hal 

214   20th    St.  .  . 

Rod   Men's   Hall 

Labor  Temple 

forester's  Hall 

Cnion   Hall    

Room  28,  Rawson  Block 

I.    O.   O.   F.   Hall 

Woodman  Hall 

C.   L.   U.   Hall 

Lee's   Hall    .  .  . 

Werner's    Hall 

Duff  and  Doyles  Hall 

I.   O.    O.    F.    Bid 

C.   L.   U.  Hall 

Cresent  "Hall 

Odd  Fellows'  Hall 
| P.    O.    S.    of   A.    Hall 

:'lannigan's    Hall 

L3    S.    Main    St 

1620    4th    Ave 

243   Market   St 

L  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall 

"arpenters'  Hall 

Red   Men's   Hall. 

Trust    Co.    Bid 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 


Lethbridge,    Alta.,    Can. 

Natick,  Mass 

San  Bruno,  Cal 

Manitowoc,  Wis 

Leadville,  Colo 

Verona,  Pa 

Bound  Brook,  N.  J 

Cincinnati,   O 

Coalinga,  Cal 

Greenville,  Tex 

Tucson,  Ariz 

Clinton,  Mass 

Providence,  R.  I 

Framingbam,  Mass.    .  .  . 

Southbridge,  Mass 

Wakefield,  Mass 

Conneaut,  O 

St.  Augustine,  Fla 

Brunswick,  Ga 

Norwood,  Mass 

Milford,  Mass. 

Cincinnati,   O 

St.  Jonnsville,  N.  Y 

Granville,  111 

Battle  Creek,  Mich 

Ottawa,  Kan 

Alvin,   Tex 

Galveston,  Tex 

Oakland,  Cal 

Hamilton,  Mass 

Worcester,  Mass 

Beverly,   Mass 

Elmira,  N.   Y 

Bernardsville,  N.  J 

Massillon,  O 

Columbia,  Pa 

Carrier    Mills.    Ill 

Los  Angeles,  Cal 

Woburn,  Mass 

Dalhart,  Tex 

Hampton,  Va 

Salem,  Mass 

Pittsburgh,  Pa 

Hot  Springs,  Ark 

Wellsburg,  W.  Va 

Cobalt,  Ont.,  Can 

Tarrytown,  N.  Y 

Jackson,  Miss 

Norristown,  Pa 

St.     Jos.     and     Benton 

Harbor.  Mich 

Parkersburg,  W.  Va. ... 


Shee  Bids 


Labor  Hall 
.i.  A.  R.   Hall 
Carpenters'    Hall 

"nion    Hall 
411   W.   Sth   St 
P.  H.  C.   Hall. 
America    Ha 
I.    O.    O.    F.    Hall 
Eagles'    Hall 
U.    B.    A.    Hall 
198   W.    Congress    St 
Murphey  Bid 
i929    Westminster    St 
Central  Labor  Hall 
Hartwell's    Block 

i.   A.  R.  Hall 
Dorman    Block 

City  Bldg 

'■)dd    Fellows'    Hall 

Eagles'   Hall 

Lincoln  Square  Bid. 

Harrison  and  Lovell  Ave.  . 

Mosber   Block 

K.    of    P.    Hall 

16   E.   Main   St 

Moose   Hall 

Luch   Cabinet   Shop 

2210£   Ave.   E 

Carpenters'    Hall 
Jones    Block 
32   Madison    St 
222   Caboh   St 
Massasoit  Hall 
Congregate  on   Ha  11 
Trades  and  Labor  Hall 
19    N.    Sth    St 
City  Hall   .  .  . 
Labor   Hall 
132   Main   St 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 
Redmen's   Hall 
^ssex    St 


'.   O.   O.   F.    Hall,   Hazel w'd 
07*  Pleasant  St 
r.  O'.  O.  F.  Hall.  Walker  B 

lasonic   Hall 
r'abor   Hal 
Co.    Op.    Hall 

Labor  Temnle 

Vot'eroll    Bid 


'.mm; 


•mis 


I..    I  . 

No.      CITY   AND   STATE 
! Altoona,    Pa 

901  Savanna,  111 

902  Auburn,   R.   I 

903  Clay  Center,  Kan 

'.in4   Jacksonville,   111 

905   Freeland,  Pa 

Brookville,  Pa 

Greal   Neck,  N.  Y 

Ramsey,  N.  J 

90!t    Inglew 1,    Cal 

910  Gloucester,  Mass 

91 1  Kalispell,   Mont 

'.112  Richmond,  Ind 

913  Ancon.    C.    Z 

914  Augusta,  Me 

915  Horton,  Kan 

916  Aurora,   111 

!H  7    Sulphur.  Okla 

918  Manhattan,  Kan. 
910   St.  Johns,  N.  B., 

920  Meriden,  Conn.    .  . 

921  Portsmouth,  N.  H 

922  Maysville,  Ky.   . . . 

923  Cleburne,  Tex.   .  .  . 

924  Manchester,  Mass. 

925  Salinas,   Cal 

92G  Beloit,  Wis 


MEETING    PLACE 


Meel  Ing 
Night 


Can. 


i  :.i_*  i    i  mi   Ave 

Carman    Hall    

Eden   Park  Fire  si ation. 

Doyle     Hid- 

La  bor  Temple   

Gropert's    Hall    | 

K.    of   I'.    Hall | 

Vigilanl   Fire  Hall 

Ramsey    Fire    House 

'I.  O.  0.  F.  Hall 

1153   -Main   St | 

Musicians'    Hall    J 

[Room    272,    Colonial    Annex) 

'Ancon    Lodge    Hall | 

|.G.    A.    R.    Hall | 

Francis   Hall    | 

Zouave    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Fifth    and    Poyntz    Ave .  . 
Trades   and    Labor    Hall. 

B.   T.   C.   Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Masonic  Bldg 

Labor  Temple    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


j  927  Danbury,  Conn 

;  92S  Danville,  Pa 

929  Grinnell,  Ta 

930  St.    Cloud,    Minn.    .  .  . 

931  Manchester,  N.  H.    . . 

;  932  Peru,  Ind 

i  933  L'Ang   Gardien,    Can. 

934  Marshall,   Mo 

935  Princeton,  Ind 

936  Wilmerding,  Pa 

I  937  Eagle    Pass,    Tex 

93S  Chinnville,   Ky 

j  939  Weston,   W.   Va 

940   Sandusky,  O 


941  East  Orange,  N.  J.  .  .  . 

942  Fort  Scott,  Kan 

943  Tulsa,  Okla 

944  San  Bernardino,  Cal.. 

945  Jefferson  City,  Mo ...  . 

946  Oshkosh,  Wis 


947  Ridgway,  Pa. 


04  s 
950 
'.151 
952 
953 
'.154 
'J.-,.-, 
956 
957 
958 
960 

'.Mil 

962 
963 
964 
965 
966 
967 
969 
970 
'.•71 
'.i  71' 
'.i7:; 
074 
'.175 
'.I7C 
077 
07s 
979 
980 


Sioux  City,  la.  .  . . 
Lynbrook,  N.  Y .  .  . 
Brainard,  Minn.  . .  . 

Bristol,  Conn 

Lake  Charles,  La.  . 

Paris,   111 'Columbia    Hall 


101   W.   Grand   Ave. 


Eagles'  Hall  .  .  . 
Friendship   Hall 

Labor   Hall    

Labor  Temple  .  . 
1017  Elm  St. . . 
Labor  Temple  .  . 
Forties's  Hall  .  . 
K.  of  P.  Hall.  .  . 
Carpenters'  Hall 
German  Hall  .  . 
423    Adams    St.  . 


A.   O.    U.   W.   Hall. 

Kingsbury    Bldg.     . 


92£   Main   St 

M.  W.   A.   Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Labor  Temple    

Over    Wright's    Grocery. 
Trades   and  Labor  Hall. 

Eagles'   Hall    


Labor  Temple   

4  Atlantic  Ave 

Trades  and  Labor  Hall.  . 

Neisscel    Bldg 

Moose  Hall 


Appleton,  Wis. 

Normal,  111 

Stillwater,   Minn 

Marquette,  Mich 

Nebraska  City,  Neb . . . 

Summit,  N.  J 

Marblehead,  Mass.    .  . . 

St.  Elmo,  111 

McPherson,    Kan 

Dekalb,  111 

Sharon,  Mass 

Burlington,   Colo 

Welland,  Can 

Riverside,  N.  J 

Reno,  Nev 

Philadelphia,  Pa 

Texas  City,  Tex 

Portland.   Me 

Benton,   111 

Marion,  O 

Wichita  Falls,  Tex 

Springfield,  Mo 

Williamstown,  Mass.    .  . 
Rochester,  Minn 


0S1   Petaluma,   Cal. 


9S3  Freeport,  N  Y.    . 

985  Gary,   Ind 

086  McAlester,   Okla. 


Trades   and   Labor   Hall. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

C.  L.   D.   Hall 

Odd   Fellows'   Hall 

Labor  Temple   

miliary    Hall     

43  Pleasant   St 

I.  O.  O.  F.   Hall 

Kern    Bldg 

Union    Hall    

Workmen's   Hall    

Masons'  Hall   

Edgar's  Block    

Stecker's  Hall    

Labor    Hall    

1803  Spring  Garden  Si .  . 

I.    L.    A.    Hall 

Farririgton    Block    

Foulk's    Hall    

Painters'    Hall    

Labor  Temple    

315J    Booneville   st 

Grand   Army    Hall 

Union    Hall' 


l  -3  Wed. 
Thursday 
1st    Tues. 

Friday 
1-3   Wed. 

1-3     Wed. 

l-3Thurs. 

1-3    Tues. 

1-:;     Fri. 

Friday 

1-3    Mon. 

Friday 

Tuesday 

3rd   Well. 

2-4  Thurs. 

1-3     Wed. 

1-3    Mon. 

Tuesday 

Wed. 
2-4    Mon. 
1-3    Tues. 
2-4   Tues. 

1-3    Fri. 

Monda  y 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3  Thurs. 

Wed. 

2-4   Tues. 

1st  Fri. 
2-4  Thurs. 

1-3   Fri. 
Thursday 
1-3  Thurs. 
2nd    Sat. 

2-4   Fri. 

Wed. 
1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 
Thursday 
1-3    Wed. 


I  Irs. 

in 

s 
s 


Labor  Temple 


Friday 
2-4  Thurs. 
Tuesday 
Monday 
1-3   Wed. 
4th    Fri. 

Friday 

Friday 

1-3  Tues. 

2nd  Thurs. 

1-3  Thurs. 

Tuesdav 

Wed. 
1-3   Wed. 

Wed. 
2-4  Thurs. 
.  Monday 
1-3  Tues. 
2-4  Thurs. 
2-4    Mon. 
Sat. 
Mon. 
Fri. 
Fri. 
Sat. 
Wed. 
Wed. 
Monday 
1-3    Mon. 
2-4   Mon. 
Thursday 
2-L.    Tues. 
Thursday 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 
1-3   Mon. 
1-:-;   Wed. 


1-3 
2-4 
2-4 
1st 
4  th 
1-3 
1-3 


Tuesday 


Odd  Fellows'  Hall 1-3    Mon. 

Labor  Temple  |  Thursday 

Painters'    Hall    |  Tuesday 

11 


2-3  Thurs.   |      S      | 


Wages 

7.00 

r,.  Hi 
7.20 


s 

U.  on 

s 

8.00 

s 

8.00 

s 

8.00 

s 

7.2H 

s 

7.00 

s 

6.00 

s 

7.2S 

s 

0.40 

s 

8.80 

s 

6.00 

s 

6.00 

8 

4.  SO 

s 

7.00 

s 

7.2H 

s 

6.00 

s 

7.0(1 

5.(1(1 

to 
0.SO 

6.40 

5.S5 

(i.4<> 
7.20 
6.40 

7.00 
6.40 
8.00 

7.20 
6.00 
6.40 

to 
8.00 
0.00 
6.40 
0.00 
8.00 
0.00 

5.20 
to 
6.S0 
0.40 
9.00 

7.00 
7.0O 
4.80 
6.00 

S.00 

0.4O 

7.00 

8.00 

4.50 
0.00 

7.DO 


6.00 
6.80 
8.00 

S.00 
7. no 
0.40 

7. mi 

R.OO 
7.00 

7.00 

7. L'n 
7. no 

tc 
s.oo 
'.t.oo 
s  so 
s.oo 


Sat.  J 
Hoi.     Agrt 

Yes 
Ves 


Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 

No 

Yes 
No 

No 
No 
Yes 
Yes 
No 
No 


No 

Yes 


No 
Yes 
Yes 

No 
No 
Yes 


Yes 

Yes 
No 
Yes 

Yes 
Yes 


No 


Yes 


Yes 
Yes 
No 

Yes 

No 
No 
Yes 


Yes  '     N" 

Yes  I     No 

Yes  No 

Y'es  \  < ' 

Yes  No 

No  I     No 

No 
Yes 

Yes 
No 


Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

No 


Yes 
No 
No 


L.  U. 


CITY  AXD  STATE 


MEETING  PLACE 


Meeting 

- 


Sat.  J  , 
Hrs.     W&  ?  -       UoL     Agrt 


.-: 
yS; 
■,-.;- 
dm 

991 
992 
993 
994 
995 
996 
997 
998 
999 
:  ,;„-,.; 

:.•:: 

1002 

!■:  :& 

1'.  j4 
U 


Gilmer.  Tex W.  O.  W.  Hall 1-3   Wed. 

Marlboro.  Mass 1st   Xational    Bank    Hall..  J   2-4  Tues.    I 

Newburyport.  Mass.  . . .  J  Carpenters'  Hall 1-3  Thurs. 

Greenvttle,  111 Tate  &  Boar's  Carp.  Sho]       :       Thurs.  | 

Winchester.  Mass |  White's  Hall   1-3   Wed. 

Buhl,  Idaho j  DeNeaTs  Real  Estate  OfficelTh.  on.  a  mo 

Miami,  Fla |  Carpenters'  Hall Fridav 

2-4  Thurs.   ] 
it 

2-4    Fri. 
Mon.-Th. 


B-ll:ljt:l     Vt.    Bank's.  Bid 

Bradford.  Conn j  Redmen's   Hall 

Penn  Yan,  HL  Y J  Arcade  Bldg.  . . 

Pottstown,  Pa j  Block  Bldg.  . . . 

Piedr  -  :     g  I  01  Victoria    - 1 

Mt.  Yernon,  HI |  Woodman  Hall   2-4   Mon. 

GreenTille,  Pa. |  Benninghoff  Block    1-3    Mon. 


Gardner,  Mass. 
Arlington.  X.  J . . 

.'■  tst  Ne~i :  d    Pa 

New  Milford,  Conn.. 

.'.  : :  ;-r-"r: .    Mii- 


BartheU  Hall 
Fraternity  Hall 
Jos.    Stern's    Res 

"zliz-  Kill    .... 

Evitt    Hall     

!.£.":»:  r   _t~  r.'.i 
~.  o.  w.  HaU.. 

. .   Town  Hall    

Victoria  Hall  . . 
K.  of  P.  HaU. . . 
I.  0.  O.  F.  Hall 
170   Elm    St 


Warren.  Pa. P.   EL   C.    I 

Saratoga,  X.   Y Town  Hall 

Rome,  X.  1 


2-4  Thurs. 
2-4  Mon. 
2-4   Wed. 

-  riday 
2-4   Wed. 
1-3   Fri. 
Friday 
Tuesday 

J  ..-■ -  ilT 

Friday 
1st  Mon. 
2-4   Fa. 
'-■1   ---" 

Friday 
tabor  Union  Hall 1-3   Wed. 


1017  Jacksonville,  Fla. (Creek  and  Xorth  St Monday 


Mass .  —  II 


"   ■::--■ 
ll  Standard   Bldg. 


S-r.-e.  . 


land.  Md. 

Springs.  Kan. 

rtown.  X.   Y. .  . 

Falls,  X.  Y .  . 

■e,  Okla 

>n  City,  HI... 


_,-a : : :    _ 


Trades  Hall. 


A:::.  . 
X.  H. 
e.    Micl 


r  Rapids.  la 

ka.  Cal 

.  .         "     Y 

sburg.  X.  Y 

ord,  CaL    

leroi.  Pa 

■   :     :::-.•:  .  -  .   ;J: .;-. 
rewater,  Maj~ 


rt,  Pa.    . 

luff.  Mo. 


. 


I  MuIMbs  Block    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

1141   E.  Main  St 

3-i^i  r.  -    Hil!     

Carpenters"  Trail 

]  Union  Hall    

||  Moose  Hall 

La'zcr   _i^plr    

Trades  Assembly   Hall. . . . 

Room  7.  Jones  Block 

McCain's   Hall    

i:r:;:-:    Blii 

134   Center    St 

Carpenters'   Hall    

I  Labor  Temple 
Van   Duzer's   Hall 

j  >4  Margaret   St 

.rdcc:   Hill    

I  Odd  Fellows"  Hall 

IK.  of  C.  HaU 

il  3owman  Block    

IK  :  =  P.  Hall 
:•■:•;  L  _---  s-  
Begley  Bldg.   

12th  and  Moore  St 

Labor  Lyceum 

Clark's  HaU    

528  Chestnut  St 

64  South  St 

Labor  Temple 

Miners'   Hall    . 


:  ■  i 
1074 
107i 


XewYork.  X.  Y 

Madison.  X.  J 

AthoL  Mass 

Norman,  Okla 

Jerome.  Ariz 

Santa  Barbara.  Cal. 
Stonghton.  Mass.  . . 
2     w.    -nvrna.  Fla..  . 


Rockland,  Me 

BeUerUle.  X.  J 

VaUejo.  CaL 

Muscatine,  la 

Cobourg,  Ont.,  Can.. 
Muskogee,  Okla.    — 
Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Eau  Claire.  Wis . . . . 

Hii*-:^  X.  Y 

Washington,  Ind.    . . 


Britton's   Block 

Union  HaU   

K.  of  P.  HaU.. 
Moose  Home  . . 

'  r.  3--    —  --__'  [- 


!!arpenters"  HaU 


1-3  Wed. 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3  Mon. 
Monday 
Thursday 
1-3   Tues. 

Wed. 
Thursday 
S  .".:■.::  1." 
1-3  Thurs. 
Thursday 
2-4  Thurs. 
Thursday 
Monday 
1-3   Mon. 
Thursday 
1-3  Thurs. 
Monday 
1-3   Wed. 
1-3   _ 
1-3    S 
1-3   Mon. 

Friday 
1-2   Tues. 
Monday 
1-3  Thurs. 
1-3   Mon. 
L4    1      - 
Fuesday 
1st    S 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Mon. 
1-3    Sun. 
1-3    - 

1-3  Thurs. 

1-3    -    : 

Monday 

---     -    ~ 
... 

:-?  -'---'-. 
.---   ~ --: 

Friday 
Alt    W 
Tuesday 

Tuesday 
Thursday 

Tuesday 
1-3  Tues. 
1-3    W 

Tuesday 
1-2  Thurs. 

Monday 
:riay 

2-1  Fri! 
2-4  Mon. 
Thursday 


8 
8 

s 
8 

8 


■    i 

- 

7.00 
6.00 

" 

5.00 
6.00 

• 

- 
1 

7.00 

- 
7.00 
8.00 
6.00 
6.40 
6.40 
3.20 
to 
6.40 
1 

7.2n 

- 

- 
7.20 
5.60 

7.20 

S.00 

6.40 
6.00 

6.40 
6.40 
6.40 
8.00 

- : 


7.00 

7.00 

9.00 
6.00 

6.00 

7.00 


Yea 

Yea 
No 
Yes 

No 
Yes 

Xo 


Yes 


Yes 
No 
No 
No 
No 
No 
No 

No 

No 

I 
Yes 


8.00 

7.00 
6.50 
8.00 

6.00 
7.20 
4.80 

- 


9.00 

8 
5.60 

6.40     !     Xo 


Yes  No 

'     Xo  N : 

j    No      :  No 

j     No  No 
Ye^ 


12 


l.  u. 

No. 


CITY   AND   STATE 


i077   Owosso,   Midi 

1078  Fredoricksberg,    Va.    .  . 

1079  Ridgefield    Park.    X.    J. 

1080  South    Haven.   Mich... 

(.081   Plainvicw,   Tex 

t083   .St.  Charles,  III 

i084   Bloomshury,   l'a 

•  085   Livingston,   Mont 

086  X.  Little  Rock,  Ark... 

1081  1'ort  Huron,  Mich.  .  .  . 
loss  Punxsutawney,  l'a.  .  . 
1089   Phoenix,  Ariz 

090  Ktuado,  P.  R 

091  Ridgewood,   N.  J 

.092  Lawrence,  Mass 

093  Glen  Cove,  N.  Y 

.094  Mahanoy   City,   Pa 

.095  Salina,  Kan 

.096  Homer,  La 

097  Long  View,  Tex 

.098  Marshfield,  Ore 

099  Downington,  Pa 

.100  Flagstaff,  Ariz 

101  El  Dorado,  Ark 

.102  Detroit,  Mich 

103  Paragould,  Ark 

.104  Tyler,  Tex 

105  Springfield,   Mass 


.106  Portland,  Ore 

107  Gloverville,  N.  Y.   . 
.108  Cleveland,  O 

110  East  Chicago,   Ind. 

111  Ironton,  O 

112  Marshalltown,  la.   . 

113  Springfield,  N.  J.    . 

114  Indianapolis,  Ind.    . 

115  Pleasantville,  X.  Y. 

116  Twin  Falls,  Ida.    .  . 

117  Oilton,  Okla 

118  Malone,  N.  Y 

119  Ridgefield,  Conn.   .. 

120  Portland,  Ore 

121  Richwood,   Va 

122  Bloomfield,   X.   J.    . 

123  Biddeford,  Me 

124  Xewton,  X.  J 

125  Central  Falls,  R.  I. 

126  Annapolis,  Md 


127  Montreal,   Can. 


128 
129 
130 
131 
132 
133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
1 38 
139 
140 
141 
142 
143 
144 
145 
140 
147 
14s 
1411 
150 
151 
152 
153 
1.-.4 
1  5r, 


MEETING   PLACE 

.17   N.    Wash    SI 

Bradford    Bid- 

Hook  and  Ladder  I  '<>.  No.  1 

Carpenters'  Hall 

L.  D.  Harrison's  office.  .  .  . 

Pearson    Hall     

Liberty   Fire  Co.   Hall 

Engineers'     Hall      

Vogel's    Hall    

M.    E.    B.    A.    Hall 

Eagles'  Hall    

Labor  Hall    

Federation  Hall    

CJor.  Ridgewood  &  Pros.   St. 

184    Broadway    

Pembroke'  Hall    

Bornman's   Hall    

Carpenters'  Hall 

X.   E.   Cor.   Town    Square.  . 

I.   O.   H.   Hall 

Walters    Bldg 

Inf.  Co.  Bldg 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Labor  Temple   

1042  Cass  Ave 

McHanev  Bids 

W.    O.    W.    Hall 


C.  L.  U.  Hall. 


Archer  Place  Hall 

15  N.  Main   St 

3930    Lorain    Ave 

Victory    Hall     

1th   and   Center    St 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Pub.  Sen.  BL,  Westfi'd  Ave 

138    W.    Washington 

Mechanics'    Hall     

Labor  Temple   

Plumbing  Co.   Shop 

Foresters'  Hall   

Masonic  Temple    

Labor  Temple   

Moose  Hall    

Junior  Order  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Moose  Hall    

166  Broad   St 

K.  of  P.  Hall 


La  Grange,  111 

Kittaning,  Pa 

Titusville,  Pa 

Waycross,  Ga .  | 

Alpena,  'Mich 

Newton,  la 

Mt.  Kisco,  X.   Y 

Port  Jefferson,   X.  Y .  .  .  | 

Donora,  Pa I 

Pratt,  Kan | 

Toledo,   O I 

Hollister,  Cal 

San  Pedro,  Cal 

Warwick,  N.  Y 

Cleveland,  O 

La  Crosse,  Wis 

Danvers,  Mass 

Port  Jervis,  X.  Y .  .  .  . 

Green  Bay,  Wis 

Roseville,    Cal I 

Olympia,  Wash 

Cocoanut  Grove,  Fla.  .  .  | 

Cleveland.   O I 

Batavia,   X.  Y' I 

Port  Washington,  X.  Y  .  | 

Crooksville,  0 I 

West    Chester.    Pa [ 

Columbus,   Ind I 


217   Ste   Catherine,   E. 


Unold's  Hall 
Labor  Hall    . 


Cor.  D  and  Parell  St 

Bertrand    Hall    

Trades   Assembly    Hall    .  .  . 

Whittock    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Gwoodwin    Hall    

Over  Shrack's  Je'elry  Store 

Labor    Temple    

San  Benito  and  South  St.  . 

128J    Sixth    St 

11   Main    St 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Trades  and  Labor  Hall.  .  .  . 

M.  C.  O.   F.   Hall 

Manson's    Hall    

Over  Delair's    Cafe 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Eagles'  Hall    

Carpenters'  Hall 

1309   Lorain   Ave 

Labor  Temple   

I.  O.  O.  F.   Hall 

L  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Thomson   Bldg 

Carpenters'   Hall 


Meeting 

Night 

Monday 

Monday 

1-3     Tiles. 

1-3   Tues. 
Monday 

2-1  Thurs. 
Friday 

2-4     We,  I. 

Friday 

1st  Mou. 
1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 
Wed. 

2-4-  Tues. 

1-3    Tues. 
Monday 
1-3    Mon. 
Tuesday 

Thursday 

1-3   Tues. 

Thursday 

1-3   Mon. 

Thursday 

Wed. 

Monday 

1-3  Thurs. 

1-3    Wed. 

Tuesday 

Tuesday 

Monday 

Monday 

Friday 

Friday 

2-4    Fri. 

1-3    Wed. 

2-4   Fri. 

Monday 

Monday 

2-4  Thurs. 

2nd  Thurs. 

2-4  Mon. 

Monday 

2-4   Wed. 

1,3   Fri. 

3rd  Wed. 

Mondav 

2-4   Fri. 

Monday 

1.3  Fri. 
Tuesday 

Thursday 
2-L.  Thurs. 

1-3   Fri. 

2-4  Fri. 
1-3  Tues. 
1-3    Wed. 

Tuesday 

Wed. 

Monday 

Friday 

Tuesday 

1-3    Fri. 

2-4    Fri. 

Frida  v 

2-4  Thurs. 

2-4   Wed. 

Tuesday 

Thursday 

Thursday 

2-4    Mon. 

1-3  Thurs. 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Wed. 


156  San  Francisco,  Cal |  177  Capp  St J     Tuesday 

1 157  Passaic,  X.  J 

[158  Berkley,  Cal 

!  159  Ipswich,  Mass 

•160  Kendallville,  Ind.    . 

161  Morris,  111 

!  162  Suffern,  X.  Y 


126    Madison    St I  Thursday 

1 1.  O.  O.  F.  Hall Saturday 

Damon   Hall    1-3    Fri. 

Woodman  Hall    i  Friday 

Eagles'    Hall    |  2.-4   Tues. 


!  I  Sat.  i  I 

Hrs.  |   Wages  1    Hoi.    |Agrt 


L 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

13 


Wed. 


'.) 

i.l'n 

N 

5.2(1 

No 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

!l 

7. 'JO 

Yes 

s 

8.00 

No 

S 

8,80 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

8 

6.40 

Opt. 

8 

6.40 

No 

8 

7.00 

No 

8 

8.00 

Y'es 

8 

7.00 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

8.00 

No 

8 

6.40 

8 
9 

7.20 
g.75 

8 

8.00 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

7. on 

No 

8 

6.00 

8:40 

to 
8.00 

Yes 

S 

7.20 

Yes 

s 

0.40 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

8 

6.40 

No 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

9 

No 

8 
8 

6.40 
5.60 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

8 

5.60 

8 

6.00 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

S 

6.00 
3.50 

Yes 

9-10 

to 
5.50 

Yes 

8 

8.80 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

No 

8 

6.40 

9 

7.20 

No 

8 

8.00 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

8 

6.00 

No      I 

8 

6.40 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

S 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

5.30 

No 

8 

8.80 

Yes 

8 

6.40 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

7.00 

No 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

s.oo 

Yes 

8 

s.so 

Yes 

8 

5.20 

No 

8 

7.00 

No 

8 

6.64 

Yes 

8 

5.04 
5.00 

No 

s 

to 

R 

s.oo 

Yes 

8 

S.OO 

Yes 

s 

7.20 

Yes 

!. 

B 
1 

0.4  0 

Xo 

L.    L. 

x..     crrr  and 


;tate 


MEETING    I 


:•.-■-• 


Hrs. 


1163  Yirden,  DJ 

1164  Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

1165  Sacramento,  Cal.  ... 

1166  Fremont,  O 

lit;?  Suiithtown.    X.    Y... 

116S  Port  Colborne.   Ont. 

1169  Hull,   Qne.,   Can 

1171  Marlon,  la 

1172  Billings.   Mont 

1173  Trinidad,  Colo 

1174  Willoughby.   O 

1175  Oatman.  Ariz 


1176   Fargo.   N.   D. 


Hi  i  Mareiline,  3io 

1178  Pawhuska.  Okla.  ... 

1179  Cliffside.  N.  J 

1180  Cleveland,  O 

1181  Piedmont,  W.  Va. . . 

1182  Wellsville.  N.  Y.    .  .  . 

1183  Parsons,  Kan 

1184  Seattle,  Wash 

1185  Moorestown,  IS.  J.    . 

1186  Pittsburgh,  Pa 

1187  Oakland,  Cal 

1188  Mt.  Carmel,  111 

1189  Green  River.  Wvo 

1191  Detroit,  Mich 

1192  Oglesby,  m. 

1193  West  Frankfort,  111. 
1195  Ponce.  P.  R 


I'uwn    Hall    

Labor   Lyceum    

Labor  Temple 

C.  L.  U.  Hall 

mbly    Hall    

Carpenters"    Hall    

Lafleiche    Hall     

B.   Owen's  Hose  House. 

i^abor   Hall    

Labor  Union   Hall 

Bond   Bids 

Major's  Carpenter  Shop.  . . 

Temple 


J  4th  Tburs. 
Tuesday 
2-4    Fri. 

2-4    Wed. 

3rd  Monfl. 

1-3    Mon. 

2-4   Tues. 

2-4   Wed. 
Monday 
Tuesday 
2-L  Thurs. 
Monday 


Wag-:-?       H 


1196  Sacramento,  Cal. 


1197  Connersrille.  Ind 

1198  Independence,  Kan.    . . 

1199  Rice  Lake.  Wis 

North  Platte.  Neb 

1201  Kaukauna,   Wis 

1202  Merced.  Cal 

1203  Mart.   Tex 

1204  Jaconville.  Ind. 

1206  Norwood.   O 

1207  Charleston.  W.  Ya 

1208  Milwaukee,  Wis 

1209  Newark.  N.  J 

1210  Salem.   Mass 

1211  Syracuse.  N.  Y 

1212  Coffevyille.  Kan 

1213  St.  Anthony.  Ida 

1214  Walla   Walla.  Wasi... 

1215  Methuen,  Mass 

1217  Elm  Grove.  W.  Ya 

12 18  Caruthers.  Cal 

1219  Christopher.   Ill 

122      Port  Huron.  Mich 

1221  Carmichaels.  Pa 

-..   Macon,  Ga 

1221    Marysville.  Tenn 

1224  Emporia.  Kan 

1225  Sanf ord.  Me 

-  -      Manistee.  Mich 

1221    Ironwood,  Mich 

1228  Bluefield.  W.  Ya 

1229  Deer  Lodge.  Mont 

1230  Franklin,  Mass 

1231  Canon  City.  Colo 

1232  New  Glasgow,  N.  S..  Can. 

1234  Girard,  HI 

1235  Modesto,   Cal 

Michigan  Citv.    Ind. . . 
Titchburg,  Mass 

1 241  Therniopolis.  Wvo.    . .  . 

1 242  Cleveland,  O 

l-^-:    Oneida.   N.  Y 

1244  Montreal,   Que.,   Can.. 

1246   Marinette.   Wis 

\--.~   Laconia,  N.  H 

1248  Batavia.  HI 

1249  Okemah,   Okla 

- '      Homestead,  Fla 

1251  New  Westminster.  Can 

1252  Pittsburgh.  Pa 

1253  Gladstone.  X.  J 

1254  Harbor  Springs,  Mich . 

1255  I  "hilicothe,   O 

. '      Ticonderoga,  N.  Y 

Silverton,  Colo 

125*    Pocatello.  Ida 


Miners'  Hall    

Labor  Hall    | 

-   *nd  Rowans  Hall-..) 

1309  Lorain  Ave 

K.  of  P.   Hail 

151   Main   St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

222   Grand   Trunk    Dock...| 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Jomewofcd    Bank    Hall. 

Labor  Temple 

Turner  Hall    

-    nie   Hall    j 

632   Livingston    Sr I 

Bedims    Hall    | 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Federation   Hall    


2-4    Sat. 

Tuesday 
1-3  Thurs. 
2-4    Mon. 

Wed. 
2-4  Thurs. 
4th    Fri. 

Tuesday 
2-4    Mon. 

2-4    Fri. 
1-3  Thurs. 
13   Mon. 

1-3    Sat. 

Monday 
1-3  Mon. 
Thursday 


Labor  Temple 8-22  ea.  m< 

Big   Four   Hall Friadv 

Carpenters"    Hall    i  Tuesday 

City    Hall    \  1-3   Mon. 

Labor  Tempie Tuesday 

Corcoran"*  Hall    )  1-3  Thurs. 

K.    of   P.    Hall Friday 

VYatson   Hall    I  1-3   Fri. 

Stephenson  Hall I  Friday 

Hall    2-4  Tues. 

Masonic  BIdg.   J  Wed. 

Harmonic    Hall     1-3    We<L 

Iroquois    Hall    2-4    Wed. 

2i    Front    St i  Wed. 

5.   Salina   Sir :\  1-3  Mon. 

Eagles'   Hall    Monday 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 1-3    Wed. 

Labor  Temple i  Wed. 

'.  F.  Block \  1st    FrL 

iYooduian  Hall -: J    Wed. 

Chamber  of  Commerce  Hai  2-4 

Will   Hall    Tuesday 

519  Water  St 2-4   Mon. 

P.   O.    S.   of  A.    Hall 1st   Wed. 

Col.  Pythian   Bldg Tuesday 

O.  O.  F.  Hall 2-4    Wed. 

i01   Commercial   St 1  Monday 

St.  Jean  Bapriste  Hall ....  1-3  Tues. 

Salt  City  Hall 1-3   Wed. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 1-3   Mon. 

.      -     Hall    lil-3-5  Wed. 

f.  O    O    F.  Hall 1-3  a 

Redmen's    Hall    1st   Mon. 

K_  of  P.  HaU 1-3   Mon. 

VI.    W.    A.    Hall Monday 

Labor  Temple Tuesday 

°.urkrart    Hall    2-4    W«], 

Carpenters'   Hall 1-3   Fri. 

Basement   Trinity   Church .  J  Thursday 

14tb    and   Central    Ave....  1-3   Mon. 

"arpenters"   Hall    2^1  Wed. 


Concordia    Hall    

•i.  A.   K.   Hall 

Guy's    Hall    

Ms»*--onic    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Temple 

Fridel's    Hall     

Allen's  Hall.  Peapack. 

O.   F.    Hall 

Central  Lahor  Hall . . . 

Block    

Miners"    Fnion    Hall .  . 
Labor  Hall    


2-L.  Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 

4th   Mon. 

Wed. 

1-3    Sat. 
1st  Thurs. 

1-3   Fri. 
2-4  Thurs. 

Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 

Tuesday 
1st   Mon. 

Friday 


--  ■• 


9.00 


- 
- 

I 


No 

I 
- 


- 
4.5 

3 

7 
to 

7.00 

- 

i 
- 
s-10       6.00 

8 
8 


7.00 
7.00 


6.4'. 
to 

- 
6.4( 

6.40       r«s 

Yes 


No 
Yes 


X   • 


Yes 

Yes 


Yes 


No 

No 
No 


Yes 

Yes 

Yt 

No 

Yes 

V- 

Yes 

Yes 

N 

E    - 

7.00 
7.2 
9.00    | 


i 

- 

■ 
6.40 


6.00 

12.00 


8 


No 
£   - 


No 
No 


No 


-   •  Yes 

6.50    ] 

!Tes 

E  - 
E  - 
No     I 


14 


L  U. 
No. 

260 
261 

262 
263 
264 
265 
26<i 
267 
268 
209 
270 
271 
272 
273 
274 
27 5 
276 
277 
■IIS 
279 
280 
'J  si 
282 
283 
284 
285 
286 
287 
288 
289 
290 
291 
292 
293 


CITY  AND  STATE 


MEETING  PLACE 


Meei  Hi'. 
Night 


Mrs. 


|  Sat.  i 
Wages      Hoi. 


Agrl 


Iowa  City,  la 

Iliou,   N.  Y 

Chillicotlie,  Mo 

Millhrook,  N.   Y. 

Clifton,  Ariz 

Monmouth,    111 

Baton,  Tex 

Worden,  111 

Johnstown,  N.  Y, 

Warren,  R.   I 

Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 
Middlcboro,  Mass.  .. 

Seattle,   Wash 

Coraopolis,  Pa 

Plainfield.   Ill 

Clearwater,  Fla.    . . . 
Central  Valley,  N.  Y 

Bend,  Ore 

Omaha,   Neb 

Rochester,  N.  Y.   ... 
Mountain  View,  Cal. 

Abilene.  Tex 

Salem,  O 

Preston,  Ont.,  Can.  . 

Duluth,  Minn 

Allentown,   Pa 

El  Centra,  Cal 

New  Bedford,  Mass. 

Lisbon,  O 

Seattle,  Wash 

Hillsboro,    111 

Poteau,  Okla 

Huntington,  N.  Y.    . 
Michigan  City,  Ind. . 


295  Hornell,  N.  Y. 


296  San   Diego,   Cal.    . .  . 

297  New  Brunswick,  N.  , 

298  Indiana,  Pa 

299  Orange,  Tex 

300  Lehigh,  Mont 

,301  Pioneer,  Tex 

302  Rockwell    Springs,  N. 

303  Port  Angeles,  Wash. 

304  Asheville,  N.  C.  . 

305  Fall  River,  Mass. 

306  Turlock,  Cal.    .  .  . 

307  Evanston,   111.    .  . 

308  Lake  Worth,  Fla. 

309  French  Lick,  Ind. 
ill)  Stanwood,   Wash. 


311  Seattle,  Wash. 


312  New  Orleans,  La. 
U3  Mason  City,  la.  .  . 
U4  Oconomowoc,  Wis 
115  Colfax,  Wash.  . . . 
117  Indiana   Harbor,  Ind 

318  Rantoul,   111 

il'.i  Albuquerque,  N.  M 
120  St.  Johns,  N.  F.  . 
321  Ballston  Spa,  N.  : 
$23  Midland,  Mich.  .  . 
i24  East  St.  Louis,  111 
525  Edmonton,  Alta.,  Can 

126  Ely,   Nev 

127  Belmar.  N.  .T .  .  . 
i28  De  Land,  Fla.  . 
(29  fialatia,  111.  .  .  . 
ISO  Grand  Rapids,  Mich 

131  Brattleboro.   Vt 

132  Minerva.   O.    ... 

134  Pauls  Valley,   Okla 

135  Seattle,  Wash.   ..  . 

137  Douglas,  Ariz.    .  .  . 

138  .Tonquieres,  Que..  ( 
!39  Morgantown,  W.  \ 
i40  Fort  Collins,  Colo. 

!41  York,  Me 

i4.3  Redlands.  Cal.   .  , . 

.44  Portage,  Wis 

(45  P.uffalo.  N.  Y.    ... 

!46   Witt.    Ill 

!47  Port    Arthur.    Tex 

:|48  Cincinnati,  O.  .  .  . 
!50  Holyoke.  Mass.  . . 
152  Herculaneum,  Mo. 
'•53  Santa  Fe,  N.  M.   . 


,..    U.    R.    M.    Hull.  .  .  . 

Moose   Hall    

712J   Jackson    sr 

Keaver's   Mall    

Res.    \v.   A.    Hamilton. 
Carpenters'   Mull    .  .  . . 


Konerkamp  Hall 
Forrester's  Mull 
Scenic  Mall 


Robinson    Hall     

R.    I'll.   Grand   Trunk    Dock 

Lyric   Bldg 

Village   Hall    

!o  hnian    Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Temple,    Lone  Pino. 

Druid's    Mall     

r9  Reynold  s  Arcade 

Maccabee  Hall    

258|    Pino   St 

Maccabee  Hall    

Onion   Mall    

Trades    Union    Mall 

533   Hamilton    St 

Basement    San   Diego   Hotel 

larpenters'    Hall    

K.  of  P.  Hall 

4441    Cal.    Ave 

Masonic  Bldg 

K.    of    P.    Hall 

Carpenters'  Union  Hall... 
C.   L.    C.   Hall 

Eagles'    Hall    


Labor  Temple   

339  Georgia  St 

vioo^e  Hall    

Labor   Hall    

School    House     

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Church    Basement     |    2-4    Mon. 


1-3   Mon. 

Friday 
1-3    Wed. 
2-4  Thurs. 
Thursday 
1-3    Tins. 

1st    Fri. 

1-2     Tues. 

1-3    Mon. 

1-3    TlO'S. 

2-4    Mon. 

1  3  Weil. 
Monday 

Wed. 
1-3    Wed. 

Wed. 

Wed. 

1-3    Fri. 

1st    Mon. 

Monday 

Alt.  Thurs. 

2-4    Wed. 

1-3    Fri. 

Thursday 

Monday 

Tuesday 

2-4    Mon. 

Monday 

1-4    Fri. 

1-3    Fri. 

Monday 

2nd  Wed. 

1-3   Tues. 

Monday 

1-3    Mon. 

2-4   Tues. 

2-4  Tues. 
Monday 
Monday 


Moose  Hall 

C.  L.   U.   Hall.  .  . 

42   2nd   St 

Broadway    Hall 
I.  O.  ().  F.   Hall. 
Labor  Temple   .  . 
over    Post    Office 
Sand's    Hall     .  .  . 


1020   4th  Ave. 


Vlaccahee   Hall    

Labor   Hall    

Roval    Arcanun    Hall 

W.O.   W.   Hall 

Auditorium    Hall     

Steffler  and  West  Bldg.  .  .  . 

f.  <)    O.  F.  Hall 

310   Water   St 

I.    O.    O.    F.    Mall 

( 'oinniunit  v    Center     

Sam    Yoccio    Mall    

Lp"  or   M-ll    

Reipe   Bldg 

St.   Rose   Parish    School.  .  .  . 

Wc  Kidman     Hall     

I.   <).  O.  F.   Hall 

Trades    and    Labor    Council 

G.    A.    R.    Hall 

Room  2,  City  Hall 

"ifc     Mall 

3422$    Fremont     Ave 

Milliken    Carpenter    Simp.  . 

A.   O.   U.   W.    Hall 

Avery    Block    

"ni.in    Hail    

Hubbard    Bldg 

Hollenbeck   Hall    

Abbott    Road   and    Triangle 

R-dman    Hall    

308   6th    St 

Ho?   Walnut   St 

288  High  sr 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Firemen's   Hall    

15 


Tuesday 
Saturday 

Wed.  ' 

Monday 

1-3  Thurs. 

Wed. 
Mondav 

2-4     Sa't. 

2-4    Fri. 

1-3   Tues. 

Tuesday 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3   Tues. 

Monday 
1-3  Tues. 
Thursday 
1st  Tues. 

1-3    Fri. 

Monday 

1-3    Fri. 

Tuesday 
2-4  Wed. 
Saturday 
1st  Thurs. 
Thursday 
2  4    Tues. 

1st.  Fri. 
1-3    Wed. 

Monday 
2-4    Mon. 

1-3  Tues. 
Tuesday 
1-3  Fri. 
Friday 
1si  Wed. 
Tuesday 
1-3  Mon. 
Saturday 

1-3    Tiles. 

Friday 

Isl    Tues. 

Mondav 


9 

8 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
in 
8 
9 

8 
8 
8 
8 

!) 
9 
8 
8 

s 


'•» 
8 
8     I 


6.40 

7.20 

6.00 
6.00 

7. (in 


6.80 

6.40 
7.56 
9.00 

O.ir, 
0.411 
6.00 
7.0(i 
7.2H 
6.80 
s.oo 
8.00 
8.00 
3.60 
5.40 
4. sn 
8.00 
6.80 


8      |     7. no 


:  6.00 
8.00 
4.80 
5.00 

to 

6.80 

8.00 

i     8.00 

0.41) 

8.00 


6.80 
7.50 
8.80 

6.00 
6.00 

7.00 
to 

S.I  III 

4.95 

0.4(1 
6.00 
7.2(1 
s.so 
7.2(1 
8.00 
4. 'J  ."I 
!     5.60 

0.4(1 
7.011 
7.50 
6.00 

5.85 

6.75 

;     5.60 

I     7.00 

i     T.oo 


7. on 

S  Oil 

6.40 

7. on 
...L'o 
7.(i(i 

7.oo 

6.16 
3.50 

S.UII 


No 

Yes 


No 


No 


Yes 
Yes 

No 
No 

Yes 
Yes 

Yes 
No 

No 

Yes 
Y'es 


l'es 

Yes 

Y'es 

No 
l'es 
No 
No 
Yes 

Y'es 

Y'es 

Yes 

No 


No 
No 
No 
No 

No 

Yes 


No 

Y'es 

No 

No 
No 

Yes 

No 


Y'es 

Yes 


No 


Yes 

No 

No 


L.  U. 

No. 


CITY  AND  STATE 


MEETING  PLACE 


Meeting 

Night 


Hrs.  I  Wages 


1354  Ogdcnsburg,  N.  Y.   . 

1355  Crawfordsville,  Ind. 

1356  Decatur,  Ind 

1357  Clinton,  N.  Y 

1359  Toledo,  O 

1360  Montreal,  Can.    .  .  . 

1361  Westbrook,  Me.    .  .  . 

1362  Chester.   Ill 

1363  Brownwood.   Tex.    . 
1365  Cleveland.  O 


[Carp,  and  Joiners'  Hall. 

lover  Elston   Bank 

I  Carpenters'    Hall    

U.    O.   H.    Hall 

I  Labor  Temple   

:.^82   Notre  Dame.    W... 

!  Forester's  Hall    

Hoffman  Hall    

t  Carpenters'    Hall    

1 14th,    Cor.    Central 


1366  Quincy,   111 (Labor  Temple 


1367 
1368 
1309 
1370 
1371 
1372 
1373 
1374 
1375 


Chicago,  111 [Wicker  Park   Hall 

Perth  Aniboy,   X.   .}....  |Red  Men's  Hall 

Weleetaka,    Okla City  Drug  Store,  2nd  Story 

Bingham,  Utah    [Smith's  Hall 


Rockdale,  Tex. 

East  Hampton.  Mass. 

Flint,  Mich 

Keyport,  N.  J 

Lachine,   Can 


W.  0.  W.  Hall 

German   Hall    

*08    E.    Saginaw    Ave. 

Keough's  Hall 

159   1st  Ave 


Tuesday 
Friday 

Tuesdav 
lst  Tues. 
1-3  Mou. 
1-3   Mon. 

1st  Fri. 
1-3  Thurs. 
1-3  Tues. 
2-4   Tues. 

2-4    Mon. 

Monday 
1-3    Mon. 

1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 
1st    Mon. 
2-4    i-  ri. 

Wed. 
2-4   Tues. 
1  3    Mon.    I 


1376  Sturgis,  -Mich Central    Union    Hall |  2-4  Thurs. 


1377 
1379 
1380 
13S1 
1382 
1383 
13^4 
13S5 
1386 
13S7 
1388 
1389 
1390 
1391 
1392 
1393 
1394 
1395 
1396 
1397 
1398 
1399 
14  no 
1401 
1402 
1403 
1404 
1405 
1406 
1407 
1408 
1409 
1410 
1411 
1412 
1414 
1415 
1416 
1417 
1418 
1419 


Buffalo,  N.   Y 

Conwav.  Ark 

Bedford.   Ind 

Woodland,  Cal.    .  .  . 
Sharpsburg,  Pa.  . .  . 

Sarasota,  Fla 

Sheridan.  Wvo Labor  Temple 

Bay  Pity,  Mich [Central  Trades  Hall. 

Grand  Island,  Neb Labor  Temple 

Girardville,  Pa |  Ranger's   Hose  House 

Oregon  City,  Ore |  Moose  Hall 


North  Buffalo   Hall. 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

Kramer    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Moose  Hall    

Blackburn  Blvd.   .  .  . 


Can 


Cor.  Wash,  and  Canal  St. 

Labor  Temple 

Haven  and   Ark 

Peoples    Hall    

I.   O.   O.   F.   Bid? 

Berrvhill    Hall    


Quincy.   Ma 
Saskatoon,  Sask. 

Reading.  Ma.-s 

Sayreville.  N.  J 

Lake  George.  N.  Y.  .  .  . 
Fort   Lauderdale.    Fla . 

Fremont,  Neb I  Peoples  Hall 

Golden,  Colo |  Boy  Scouts'  Hall .  .  . 

Mineola.  L.   I..  N.  Y. .  .  .  1 1.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Washington.   la !  Labor  Hall    

Okmulgee,  Okla |  Eagles'   Hall    

Santa  Monica,  Cal 1418 1    2nd    St 

Buffalo,    N.   Y !246    Sycamore    St.  . 

Merretton.   Ont..   Can. .  .  1  Town    Hall    

Watertown,  Wis [Kapp's    Hall    

Flora.    Ill ILawrev  Hall   

Red   Bank,   N.   .1 Davidson  Bldg 

Louisville,  Ky I  sQ9    Jefferson    St. .  . 

Miami.  Fla !Cor.  36th  &  2nd  Ave 

Redwood  Citv,  Cal 1 1.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Forsyth.  Mont I  St.   John's   Hall    .  .  . 

Cisco,  Tex |  Carpenters'  Hall  .  .  . 

Mobile,  Ala |  Labor  Temple 

Drumright.  Okla I  Labor  Temple 

Bergenfield.  N.  J Xewman's    Hotel    .  . 

Ada.  Okla 1 1.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Montrose,  Pa I  K.  of  P.  Hall 

Tonapah,  Nev jCarll's    Hall    

Maynard,  Mass '  Masonic  Hall    

Johnstown,  Pa |  Franklin  Bldg 


N. 


Tuesday 
Wed. 

Fridav 

2-4  Fri. 
1-3  Mon. 
2-4    Mon. 

Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 
2-4   Tues. 
Thursday 
Thursday 

Friday 
2-4  Thurs. 
2-4  Tues. 
2-4    Wed. 
Alt.  Wed. 

Friday 

1-3   Mon. 

2nd    Fri. 

2nd  Thurs. 

1-3  Thurs. 

Monday 

Friday 
Monday 
1-3  Wed. 
2-4  Wed. 
1-3  Wed. 
Saturday 
2-4  Thurs. 
Thursday 
2-4  Tues. 
1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 

1-3   Mon. 

Mondav 

1-3   Tue,s. 

Wed. 
1st   Mon. 
Tuesdav 
1st    Fri. 

Friday 


1420  Hasting 


N.  Y. 


.  |  Protection   Hall    1-3  Thurs. 


1421  Denver,  Colo ]  Labor   Lyceum    )   Alt.  Mon. 

1422  St.  Marvs.  Pa Moose  Hall    2-4  Thurs. 

1423  Corpus  Christi.  Tex IK.  of  P.  Hall |     Tuesday 

I 

1424  Oakland.  Cal |94th  Ave.  and  E.  14th  St.  Thursday 


1425 
1426 
1427 
1428 
1429 
1430 
1431 
1432 
1433 
1434 
1435 
1436 
1438 
1439 
1440 


Wilmington,  Del.  . 

Elyria,  O 

Lee.  Mass 

Titusville.  Fla.    .  .  . 
Little  Falls.    Minn. 

Tarenton.  Pa 

El  Reno,    Okla.    .  .  . 

Laramie,  Wvo 

Fairburg,  Neb 

Moberlv.  Mo 

Whitehall.  N.  Y.    .  . 

Bangor,  Pa 

Warren,  O 

McAdoo.   Pa 

Deadwood,  S.  D.    .  . 


Irish- American  Hall 
Machinists'  Hall  .  . 
Forester's  Hall  .  .  . 
Carpenters'  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.  O.  T.  M.  Hall .  . 
Odd  Fellows'  Hall.  .  . 

North    Star    Hall 

Whvsong's  Shop 

Mullen's  Hall    

Maccabee    Hall 

Steinmetz  Hall 

Moose  Hall    

Borrougb    Bldg 

Scott's  Bldg 


Tuesday 

Mondav 
2-4    Wed. 

Wed. 

2-4    Wed. 

2-4    Wed. 

Wed. 

Monday 
1-3  Wed. 
Thursday 
1-3    Mon. 

2-4    Fri. 
Wed. 

Mondav 
4th    Fri. 


8-9 


Sat.  j  | 
Hoi.   |Agr 


4. --U 

.-..•*<> 

No 

5.L'ii 

No 

6.4H 

6.4D 

6.40 

6,00 

6.64 

yes 

3.20 

to 

Yea 

4.80 

7.20 

Yes 

5.12 

Yes 

7.0U 

No 

O.oO 

No 

6.40 

Yes 

7.20 

Yes 

5.85 

Yes 

6.40 

to 

7.20 

7.00 

Yes     | 

-2 


8 


7.00 
8.00 
9.00 
5.60 
7.50 

5.85 

6.4H 
7.20 

6.75 
7.2d 
8.00 
6.40 
6.00 
6.30 

8.00 

6.00 
8.00 
S.00 


6.00 
6.30 
7.00 

8.00 
8.35 
7.00 

8.00 

8.00 

7.00 

8.00 
7.20 
6.80 
8.00 

to 

9.00 
8.00 
6.80 
7.00 
8.00 

to 
8.35 
4.50 
6.80 
7.00 


9.00 

7.20 
8.00 
5.20 

T.dd 
5.60 
5.60 

7.00 

5.00 


No 


No 


16 


u  u. 

No.       CITY   AND    STATE 
1 1 !   Cannonsburg,  Pj 


142  Augusta,  Ga 

143  Englewood.   N.   J. 

144  Phoenixville,   L'a.  . 

145  Topeka,  Kan 

140  Albany,   N.   Y.    ... 

147  Vero,  Pla 

148  Corning,  la 

149  Lansing,  Mich.  ..  . 

150  San  Juan,  P.  R.    . 

.11  .Monterey,  Cal.  ... 
:53  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

54  Charlottesville,  Va 

55  Cabo  Rojo,   P.   R. 


56  New  York,  N.  Y. 

57  Sidney,  Neb 

58  Tarpon    Springs,  Fla 

59  Westboro,  Mass. 

60  Greensboro,  N.  C 

61  Orion,  111 

62  Bristol,  Pa 

63  Stoneham,  Mass. 

64  Monroe,  Mich.    .  . 

65  Frankfort,  Ind.    . 

66  Midland,  Ark.  .  . 
t;7  Pittsburg,   111.    .  . 

68  Lowell,   Mass.    .  . 

69  Xorthfleld,  Vt.   .  . 

70  Eveleth,  Minn.  .. 

72  Rockville,   Conn. 

73  Oakland,  Cal.  .  . 
,74  Brewster,  N.  Y.   . 

76  W.   Palm   Beach,   Fla 

77  Middletown,  O.  . 
:  78  Arcate,  Cal 

79  Walpole,   Mass.    . 

80  Boulder,  Colo.  .  . 
|  81  Colusa,  Cal 

82  Stillwater,   Minn. 

83  Patchoque.  X.  Y. 
,M  Visalia,  Cal 

85  Laporte,  Ind.    .  .  . 

86  Austin,   Minn.    .  . 

87  Taunton,  Mass.    . 

88  Newcastle,  Ind.  . 
S9  Burlington.  X.  J 
.90  Virginia.  Minn.    . 

91  Spring   City.    Pa. 

92  Hendersonville,  N 

93  Pompton    Lakes   X. 

94  Baton  Rouge,  La.    . 


90  Fresno,   Cal 

97  East  Greenwich,   R.  I 
99  Kent,  O 

00  Huntington    Park.    Cal 

01  Henderson,  Tenn. 
32  Seaside,  Ore.   .  .  . 

03  Amherst,  Mass.    . 

04  Jeanette,  Pa.    .  .  . 

05  Berlin,  N.  H.  .  .  . 
36  Portland,  Me.  . .  . 

|07  Drummondville,    Can 

08  Antigo,   Wis 

09  Carthage,   N.    Y.    . 

10  Perth,  Ont.,  Can. 
U  South  Hampton,  X 

12  Middletown,  Conn. 

13  Schenectady,  N.   Y 


14  Niles,  O 

|15  Caldwell.  X.  J.    . 
,16  Salem,  Mass.   .  .  . 

17  Johnson,  Tenn.    . 

18  Gulfport,  Miss.    . 
•9  Westwood,    X.   J. 


Meeting 
MEETING   PLACE  Night 

Labor  Temple |Th.   e.    I.    « 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 


I-::  Thurc 


Riech    Hall    I     1-3    Fri. 

1'.  M.  Band   Hall [  1st  Thurs. 

Labor   Hall    I    Thursday 

IDG    State    SI |  lsl  Thurs. 

I 

Seminole  Hall   I  Alt  Thurs. 

2-4     Sat. 

Wed. 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

2ll£  N.  Washington  Ave.  . 

Free    Federation     

468   Alvarado    St 

4th  and  Main 


1  2  St.  Mark's  PI. 


I.   O.   O.   F.   Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

\.    O.    H.    Hall 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

I.   O.   O.   F.   Hall 

Trades    Hall    

Q.  S.  W.  V.  Hall 

Maccabee   Hall    

Carpenters'    Hall    

Jim  Lee's  Hall 

.Miners'  Hall    

Carpenters'  Hall 

Bacon  Block    

Monitor   Hall    

i'urn  Hall    

Carp.   Hall,  Fruitdale    .... 

Fire  Engine   House 

Walker's  Hall    

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

Portugess  Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Over  Boulder  Nat.   Bank.. 
Pub.   Administrator's   Office 

Eagles'    Hall    

Royal    Arcanum    Hall 

Labor  Temple 

Riehter  Hall    

Carpenters'    Hall    

St.    Jean    Baptiste    Hall .  .  . 


Masonic   Hall    

Xorth  Pole  Hall   

Latshaw's  Hall,  Roversford 

Odd  Fellows'  Hall.'. 

Ringle    Hall     

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


Cnion   Hall 


Masonic   Hall    .  .  .  : 

Bechtel   Hall    

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Odair  and  McCorkles   Shop 

Band    Boys    Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall 

Maxwell    Bldg 

Sthael    Block    

Fables'     Hall     

Heritoh   St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Osborns   Garage    

Orange   Hall 

Forester's    Hall     

C.  L.  U.  Hall 


1-3  Thurs. 
Tuesday 


2-4    M.m. 

2-4   Tues. 

2nd   Wed. 

2nd    Fri. 

Saturday 

1st     Sat. 

1-3  Thurs. 
1-3    Fri. 
Tuesday 
Monday 

1st  Tues. 

1-3  Tues. 
2-4    Fri. 

1st    Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 
Friday 

Thursday 

2nd  Wed. 

1-3  Thurs. 
Monday 
2-4    Fri. 
1-3.  Fri. 

Wed. 
Monday 
2-4    Fri. 

2-4    Mon. 

2-4    Mon. 

2-4  Thurs. 
Tuesday 
Friday 

1st  Wed. 
2-3  Wed. 
1-3  Tues. 
Saturday 

2-4    Mon. 

Tuesday 

Wed. 

1-3  Mon. 
2-4    Mon. 

Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Thursday 
2-4    Fri. 


I 

1258    State    St. 


1-3 
2-4 
2-4 
1-3 
2-4 


Fri. 

Fri. 
Mon. 
.Mon. 

Sat. 


1-2    Wed. 

lsi  Thurs. 

2-4   Fri. 

1st     Tues. 
-41  It    Mon. 

Monda  y 

1-3    Mon. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Tuesday 

1-:-:   Wed, 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 1-3  Thurs. 


|  Cor.  Main  and  Mill  St.  ,  . 

|  Hasler's   Hall    

|22   Front    St 

[  Fraternity    Hall    

Woodman    Hall 


1   Sat.  J 

|    I  Irs. 

Wages 

|     Ho!. 

s 

7.20 

No     . 

3.20 

8 

to 

1 

."..29 

8 

S.llll 

Yes 

s 

7.»i(i 

Xo 

1 

5.20 

1      8 

to 

6.00 

8 

6.40 

Fes 

lti 

6.00 

Yes 

9 

6.75 

2.40 

8 

to 
3.20 

8 

8.00 

0 

5.62 1 

1.25" 
to 

2.00 
7.(10 

,      8 

to 
8.00 

Yes 

S 

0.40 

9 

5.85 

Yes 

9 

0.00 

No 

S 

7.20 

Yes 

S 

7.20 

Yes 

s 

COO 

No 

1      8 

0.00 

No 

8 

7.00 

No 

8:40 

6.50 

Yes 

1 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

s. :-;.-, 

S 

0.10 

S 

G.40 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

S 

8.00 

8 

8.00 

Xo 

9J 

5.13 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

6.80 

s 

0.4(1 

Xo 

8 

(i.4(i 

S 

0.40 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Xo 

8 

6.00 

9 

5.40 

Xo 

s 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

0.20 

7.00 

No 

!     S 

to 
8.50 

Yes 

8 

6.00 

Yes 

s 

8.00 

Yes 

9 

8 

s 

4.5(1 
7.oo 
6.00 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

s 

5.011 

Xo 

9 

6.75 

Xo 

9 

5.85 

8 

7.00 

5.50 

Yes 

8  :40 

l.. 
O.00 

Yes 

8 

7..S0 

Yes 

s 

9.oo 

8 

7.2o 

;    9 

5.85 

No 

I    s 

8.00 

Yes 

Agrt 
Vbl. 


Yes 

No 


Xo 
Xo 


Yes 


Xo 

No 
No 
No 

No 
No 
No 
Vbl. 


No 


Vbl. 

No 

No 
No 
No 

No 

Xo 


No 

Xo 

No 

Yes 

Xo 
No 


No 
No 


Yes 
Y'es 
No 

Xo 
No 

Yes 

Xo 


L.    U. 
No.       CITY  AM-   STATE 


MEETING   PLACE 


Meeting 
Night 


.Sat.  J  I 
Hrs.  |  Wages       I 


1520  Bridgeport,  Conn lArion    Bldg 1-3    Wed. 


1521  Carbon  Hill,  Ala.    .  . 

1522  Tupper  Lake,  N.   Y. 

1523  Eockford,  111 

1524  Miles  City.  Mont.   .  . 

1525  Princeton,  111 

1526  Denton,  Tex 

1527  Wheaton,  111 

1528  Wheeling,  W.  Va.    .  . 

1529  Kansas  Citv.  Kan.    . 

1530  Martin.   Tex 

1531  Rockland.  Mass 

1532  Anacortes.  Wash.    . . 

1533  Highbee,   Mo 

1534  Dundas.  Ont..  Can.. 

1535  New  Wilson,  Okla.    . 

1536  Hamilton,  Mont.   .  .  . 

1537  Paulsboro.  N.  J.    .  .  . 

1538  Miami.  Ariz 


1539  San  Marcos.  Tex 

1541  Palestine,   Tex 

1542  Puerta  de  Tierra.  P.  B, 

1543  Hyde  Park.  Mass 

1544  .St.  Johns.  N.   B.,  Can.. 

1545  Riviere   Du   Loup,   Que. 

Can .  . 

1540  Ovrer.sr.'Oro.    Ky 

1547  Ludington.  Mich 

1548  Worland,  Wyo 

1549  Keanslurg.   «.   3 

1550  Braintree,  Mass 

1551  Three  Rivers.  Mich.... 

1552  Salamanca.  N.  Y 

1553  New  Marker.   N.   H.    .  .  . 

1554  Mulberry,   Kan 

1555  Beverly,"  N.  J 


Hall     

St.    Jo  in's    Hall 

".17   7th    St 

Wibaux    Hall     

Mystic  Workers"  Hall 

Paschal]    Bid? 

l15  N.   Main   Sr 

Labor  Temple 

-13  Walnut  St..  K.  C.  Mo  | 

I.   O.   O.   F.   Hall 

Phoenix   Block    [ 

1  'oni.  Ave j; 

I.    O.    O.    F.    Hall | 

Orange  Hall    

Labor  Temple 

Barnetts  Harness  Shop. 
Cowgill  Hall    

Labor  Temple 


Monday 
Saturday 

Fridav" 
1-3  Tues. 
1st  Thurs. 
Thursdav 
2-4  Thurs. 
2-4  Fri. 
Thursdav 
1-3  Wed. 
W»-d. 

1st  Mon. 
1-3  Fri. 
Thursdav 
1-3  Mori. 
Thursday 

Friday 


Green   Hall    1-3   Wed. 

Labor  Temple   J     Mondav 

Wed." 
3rd 
1-2  Tues. 


75 

75 
6.oo 

- 


5.00 


■    A 
8     (     - 

4.75 
to 
7.50 


No 
Yes 


Yes 


No 
Yes 


Federation    Hall    

094   Wash.    St..    Boston.... 
Odd   Fellows'    Bldg 


1557  Barberton.   O. 


1558  Montreal,   Que..  Can. 

1559  New  Athens.   Ill 


1560  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


1561  Portland.   Me. 


1562  North  Wales.  Pa 

1563  Monessen,  Pa 

1564  Casper,    Wvo 

1563   South   Bend.   Tex 

1566  Lawrence.  Mass 

156*1    Martins  Ferrv,  O 

1569  Knoxville.  Tenn 

1570  Marvsville.  Cal 

1571  E.   San   Diego.   Cal 

1572  McGill.  Nev. 

1573  Tuscola,  111 

1574  Canton,  Mas- 

1575  Endicott,  N.  Y 

1576  Mechanicville.  N.  Y 

1578   Tulare.  Cal 

15  i  9   Wareham,  Mass 

Milford,  Conn 

1581  Arcadia.   Fla 

1582  Efversburg.   Tenn 

1583  Lemon  City,  Fla 

1584  St.     Anne    de    Bellevue. 

Que.,   Can 

1585  Lawton,  Okla 

1586  New  Orleans,  La 

1587  Hutchinson,  Kan 

1588  Sydney,   N.    >..   Can.... 
15-9   Arecibo,  P.  R 

1590  Norris   Citv.  HI 

1591  Plymouth,  Mass 

1592  Shawano.  Wis 

1593  Concord.  Mass 

1594  Silver  Springs.  N.   Y.  .  . 
'  onshokoeen,  Pa 

a         St.  Louis.  Mo 

1597  Bremerton,  Wash 

159;    V:   :  >ria.  B.  C.  Can 

1599  Albert  Lea.  Minn 

1000  Two    Rivers.   Wis 


41  Ave.  Hotel  de  Yille 3rd  Wed. 

Odd  Fellows-  Hall Wed 

K.   of  C.  Hall 1-3  Thurs. 

Trade    School    Mondav 

Fir*-   House    ;  1-3    We 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 2-4   Fri. 

Moose  Hall    2-   4Wed. 

Atlantic   St i  2-4   Tues 

K.  of  P.  Hall 1st    Fri. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 1-3  Wed. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall i  1-3   Mon. 

2-4  Tues 

People's    Bank    Bids 

Fridav 

.'452    Ontario.    E | 

Cnion  Hall    3rd    Sat. 


10 


-9-1 

8 


3.00         No 


Druids  Hall    •    1-3   Wed.      8  up 


Farrington    Block     Thursdav 


Weingarten's   Bldg.    -  .  . 

Croatian  Hall    

221  N.  Wolcott  St 

Labor  Hall    

44   Park   St 

Shreve  Hervev  Bids. .  . 

Rose  Bidg.   .  . " 

Labor  Temple 

Woodmen's  Hall 

Cyprus  Hall 

Woodman  Hall    

Carpenters'  Hall 

Redmen's  Hall    

Purcell   Hall    

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

K    of  P.   Hall.   Onset .  .  . 

Tibbals   Hall    

Masonic   Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

City    Library     


2-L.  Thurs. 
1  1-3  Mon. 
I     Monday 

1st  Wed. 

2-4  1 
I    3rd    Fri. 
Monday 
V 

1st   Mon. 

2-4  Wed. 
i     1-3    Fri. 

2-4    Tues. 

2-4  Mon. 
i  1-3  Fri. 
'!  2nd  Mon. 
1    2-4   Tu*-s. 

1st   Mon. 
Friday 
I   Thursday 


Hotel    de   Yille 

English    Hall    |     Monday 

544    Camp    St |    2-4  Wed. 

N.    Main    St Wed 

Steel   Workers'    Hall Mondav 

Free    Federation     Hall....)    2nd    Sun 

"      >.  O.  F.  Hall 1-3   Mon. 

R-rl   Mens   Hall )    1-3    Wed. 

Temple  of  Honor  Hall 1st    Sat. 

Prquhart   Hall    1-3   Wed. 

'.  F.  Hal! 1st  Tues. 

P.    O.    S.    of  A.   Bldg Wed. 

3024    Olive    Sr Saturday 

Labor  Temple Thursdav 

Trades    Hall    1-3    Mori. 

D.    B.    S.    Hal! 1-3  Tues. 

Cor.  17rh  and  Monroe  St.  .  I    1-3   Tues. 

18 


- 
8 

8 

- 

9 

- 
8 
8 
S 

8 


I    s 

8 

1  ! 

9 
9 

li » 
8 

8 

-    - 


7.00 
7.20 

4 

- 

3.50 

to 

6.40 

to 
7.00 
4.80 

to 

- 

- 
7.20 

- 
5.00 

75 

7.04 
- 

6.40 
8.00 


6.00 

- 

• 

a  ' 
7.00 


No 


No 

Yes 

Yea 
Yes 
Fes 

Yes 

N. 
No 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 

Yes 
No 


Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

X 

No 


No 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


_No.      CITY   AND   STATIC 
mil    Providence,   R.   I 


MEETING   PLACE 


602 
603 
604 
iiitr, 
607 
608 
609 
610 
611 
613 
CM 
61  ft 
616 
617 
618 
619 
620 
621 
622 
623 
1124 
!'."."> 

626 
127 
328 
629 
(530 
131 
182 
133 
134 
135 
136 
137 
138 
139 


Va 


Cincinnati,  0. 
Ringtown,  Fa. 
McMeachen,  W 

Moscow,  I<la 

Orllia,  Ont.,  Can. 
Scbtts  Bluff,  Neb. 
Hibbing,   Minn.    .  . 

Lowell,  Mass 

Alliens.    Tex 

Newark.  N.  J.  .  .  . 
Brevard,  N.  C.  ... 
Hartford,  Ky.  .  .  . 
Nashua,  N.  H.  ... 
Shidler.  Okla.  .  .  . 
Sacramento,  Cal.  . 
Atlantic  City,  N.  J 
Rock  Spring's,  Wyo 
Mexia.  Tex 
Trenton,  Ont.,  Can 
Pine  Plains,  N.  Y. 

Chariton.  la 

Webster  City,   la. 
Wallingford,  Conn 

Mena,  Ark 

Paris,  Ark 

Ashtabula,  O 

Ware,  Mass 

Omaha,  Neb 

San  Luis  Obispo, 
Maynguez,  p.  R.  . 
Big  Springs,  Tex. 
Kansas  City,  Mo. 
Whiting,  Ind.  .  .  . 
La  Junta,  Colo.  .  . 
Long  Beach,  Cal. 
Trenton,  Mo 


Cal 


j)40  East  Hampton,  N.  Y. 


I  Ml 

.42 
•>44 
'.45 
146 
;47 
;40 
:50 
iftl 


Chatham,  Mass.  . 
Snohomish,  Wash. 
Minneapolis,  Minn, 

Hull,  Mass 

Durango,  Colo.  . . 
Hartshorne,  Okla. 
Cedar  Rapids,  la. 
Lexington,  Ky.  .  . 
Puyallup,  Wash.  . 
Hampton,  N.  H. .  . 
Sapulpa,  Okla.  . . 
Grove  City,  Pa.  .  . 
Bartlesville,    Okla. 

Norfolk,  N.  Y 

Beaumont,  Tex.  .. 
Goshen,    N.    Y. . . . 

Bath,    Me 

Bloomingtou,  Ind. 
Alexandria,  Va.  . . 
Kingville,  Tex.    .  . 

Oakland,  Cal 

Buffalo,  N.  Y 

White  Bear,  Minn 
Ashland,   Pa 


rl  Cincinnati,  O. 


72  Hasting,  Neb.    . 

73  Corry,   Pa 

74  Brighton,  Colo. 

75  Brecse,  111 

76  Caney,    Kan.    .  . 

77  'Choroid,   Ont.,  Can 

78  Peckville,  Pa.    . 


N.    Attleboro,  Mass 

Watts.   Cal 

Nampa,  Ida. 
Forest  City,  Pa.  , 
Nherbrooke,  Que., 
Melbourne,  Fla. 
Stillwater,  Okla. 
Montgomery,  Ala. 
Porterville,"  Cal.  . 
Ran  Francisco.  Cal .  . 
Coeur  d'Alene.  Ida.  . 
Los    Angeles,    Cal.  .  .  . 


Can 


Benefit   St. 


rsuii    Ave 
71  li   SI  .  . 


A. 


Warsaw  &  McPb 
I.  ().  ().  F.  Hall. 
Old  School  Bldg. 
f)stroot's  Office 
S.  O.  B.  Hall.  .  . 
Kith    St.   and   Av 

Lyre    Hall     

i    Merrimack   Square .  .  .  . 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Essex  Hall,  320  Bank  si 

C.    II.   .lolly's  Res 

( !ourt    House    

O'Donnell's    Hall    

School     House     

Labor  Temple   

I.  ().  ().   F.  Hall 

Marak  Hall   

K.  of  P.   Hall 

Trades    Hall    

Carpenl  ers'    Bldg 

Carpenters'    Hall    

Yeoman    Hall     

odd  Fellows'  Hall 

Core's    Shop    

Eagle   Drug  A.   Hall.  .  .  . 

B.   of   R.   T.   Hall 

Union  Hall    

Benson  Auditorium    .  .  .  . 

Mission    Hall     

Free  Federation    

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

Labor  Temple   

Slavish   Hall    

Woodruff  Bldg 

Carpenters'   Hall    

Miners'   Hall    


M.    E.    Church   Hall. 


Town    Hall     

Rice's    Office     .  .  . 
43   S.   4th   St.  .  .  . 

Brine    Hall     

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 
Woodman  Hall    . 
Ben    Ilur    Hall.  . 
C.    L.    1".    Hall.  . 
Perfielil   Bldg.    .  . 
Town     Hall 
Red   Men's   Hall. 
Covert    &   Jobnsi 
Carpenters'   Hall 
Crabb   Hall 
Labor    Hall 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 
His    Front    St.  .  . 
( !a  rpentei's' 
Cor,   Princi 
Carpenters' 
Carpenters' 
175  Franklin  St 
I.  O.  o.   r.   Hall 
K.  of  C.   Hall.  . 


n    Block.  . 


Hall 

and 
Hall 
Hall 


Meeting 

Night 


2-4    Mon. 

L.     1'ri. 

1st     Tiles. 

1  -3    Sa  1 . 

1-3  Fri. 
1-3  Tues. 
1-3   Wed. 

Wed. 

Wed. 

1-3    Fri, 

Thursday 

Saturday 

Thursday 

Monday 

1-3    Fri. 

1-3   Fri. 

Monday 

Monday 

2-4    Fri. 

2nd  Thurs. 

Tuesday 

2-4    Tues. 

1-3    Mon. 

Saturday 

1-3   Wed. 

2-4    Mon. 

1-3  Thurs. 

Monday 

Friday 

2-4  Sat. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 

Friday 
Thursday 

1-3    Sat. 

1-3  Thurs. 

Tuesday 
1st  Mon. 
1-3    Fri. 

1-3'  Wed. 

1-3   Wed. 

Wed. 

2-4    Mon. 

.  Tuesday 

Monday 

2-L.  Thurs. 

Monday 

Friday 

Friday 

1-3  Thurs. 

2-4    Wed. 

Alt.    Wed. 

Wed. 

Wed. 
Thursday 

Wed. 

Wed. 

Monday 

3rd  Wed. 
2-4    Mon. 


122S    Walnul    SI I    1-3  Thurs. 


605JJ  W.  2nd  SI 
Spiesman's  Hall 
Carpenters'    Hall 

City    Hall     

510  X.  Fann.  S1  . 


T.    O.   0.    F.    Hall 

Legion    Hall    .. 


Tuesday 
1-3  Fri, 
Tuesday 

2-4     Wed. 

Weil. 


Monday 
1-3  Tues. 


L.   O.    0.    M.    Hall Tuesday 

Red   Men's   Hall '  1-3  Thurs. 

Brook's    Bldg !  2-4    Wed. 

Citv  Hall   Thursday 


odd  Fellows'  Hall.  .  . 

Walkin's    Hall     

\ckerma  n    Hall    

112  Valencia  St  ...  . 
Klayson's  I'ainl  Sin 
Labor  Temple 

19 


1-3  Fri. 
2-4  Mon. 
1-:-!    Mon. 

Friday 
2-4    Fri. 

Friday 


Hrs. 


8 


a     I 


8  :4i) 


8 
10 


9   91 


6.40 
8.00 

7.4(1 
5.44 

8.00 
7,50 

5..-.1 
6.75 

(',.7.-. 
6.00 

4. mi 
6.80 
4. SO 
7. 2U 
8.00 
2. (ill 
7.0(1 
8.00 
8.80 
7.00 
10.00 
6.75 
6.00 
to 
7.00 


6.40 


6.75 
7.00 

0.40 
8.00 
7.00 
8.00 

7. (HI 

6.00 
5.60 

0.37 
8.40 

7.00 
7. oh 
C..4H 
6.40 
1.90 
to 
3.2.-. 
6.00 

7.00 
.-,.0(  I 

0.00 
0.40 

to 
R.80 
6.80 


0.4H 
LOO 
6.00 
8.00 
LOO 
s  00 
10.00 
7.00 
8 .00 


I  I 

I    Yes      I  Pari 


I  Sat.  i 

Wages  |     Hoi. 
7.211 
to 

8.00 

7.0(1 
0.4H 
7.2H 
7.20 
6.75. 

7.21) 
7.20 
6.00 
9.00 


Agrt 


Yes 

No 


Yes 


No 
No 
No 
No 

Yes 
Yes 
No 
Yes 


Yea 
fes 

No 
No 

No 


Yes 


No 
Yes 

No 
No 

No 

No 
Yes 

No 
Yes 
Yres 
Yes 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 
Yes    j 
Yes    | 


Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yes 
Yes 


Yei 


No 
No 


No 


Yes 


Vbl. 

No 

No 

Yes 

No 
Yes 

No 
No 
No 
Vbl. 
No 


Vbl. 

Yes 


No 


No 
No 


No 
No 


VbL 

No 


Yes 

N< 


Yes  Yes 
Yes  !  No 
Yes         No 


Nr 

No 


Yes  Ni 

No  Yes 

No      I     No 


Yea 


No 
No 
No 
No 
No 
No 
No 
No 


Hi 


L    U. 

No. 


CITY   AND   STATE 


1693  Chicago,    111.    .  . 

1694  Washington,    D. 

1695  Providence,    R. 

1696  Juncos,    P.    R.  . 


1699  Manchester,    N.    H. 

1700  Wiltons,   Conn.    .  .  . 


1701  New  Bramfels,   Tex 

1702  Moundsville,  W.  Va 

1704  Atlantic  City,  N.  J 

1705  Florence,    Kans 

1706  Vernon,  Tex 

1708  White    River     Valley, 

Wash 

1709  Ashland,  Wis 

1710  Mill  Valley,  Cal 

1711  Van  Wert,  O 

1712  Bicknell,   Ind 


1713  Omaha,  Neb. 


1714 
1715 
1716 
1717 
1718 
1720 
1721 
1722 
1723 
1724 
1725 
1726 
1727 
1728 
1729 
1730 
1731 
1732 
1733 
1734 
1735 

1736 
1738 
1739 
1740 
1741 
1742 
1743 
1744 


Tamaqua,   Pa 

Vancouver,    Wash 

New  York,  N.  Y 

Morristown,  Tenn 

Ennis,   Tex 

Athens,   O 

Lansford,   Pa 

Danville,  Va 

Columbus,  Ga 

Elizabeth,  N.  J 

Daytona,   Fla 

E.  Quoque,  N.  Y 

N.  Chicago,   111 

Weatherford,   Tex 

St.  Johns,  Que.,  Can.  .  , 

Neodisha,  Kan 

Monongahela,  Pa 

Economy,    Pa 

New  Bedford,  Mass.  .  .  . 

Murray,    Ky 

Prince    Rupert,    B.     C. 

Can 

Valleyfield,   Que.,   Can.  , 
Hartford    City,    Ind .  .  .  . 

Kirkwood,    Mo 

Pineville,   Ky 

Jonesboro,  Cal 

New  Haven,   Conn.... 

Wildwood,    N.    J 

Grand  Mere,  Que.,  Can 


1745   Sesser,  111. 


1746  Tyrone,  Pa 

1747  Marietta.    Ga 

1748  Detroit,  Mich 

1749  Bremerton,    Wash 

1750  Cleveland,  O 

1751  Sanford,    Fla 

1752  Pomona,    Cal 

1753  Lockport,  111 

1754  Canton,  Mass 

1755  E.  Aurora,  N.  Y 

1756  Toronto,    Out.,    Can 

1757  Buffalo,   N.    Y 

1758  Dewey,  Okla 

1759  Monterrey,   N.    L.,   Mex. 

1761  Goldfield,    Nev 

1762  Bucyrus,  O 

1763  Baltimore,   Md 

1765  Orlando,    Fla 

1766  Fostoria.  O 

1767  Logan,   Utah    

1768  Jacksonville,  Tex 

1769  Gillespie,  111 

1770  Cape  Girardeau,  .Mo... 

1771  Eldorado,    111 

1772  Hicksville,  N.  Y 

1773  Douglas.  Wyo 

1774  Taft,   Cal 

1775  Shawenegan   Fls.,    Q.    C. 

1776  Pendleton,    Ore 

1778  Columbia,   S.  C 

1779  Calgary,   Alta.,  Can 

1780  Fairbury,  111 

1781  Oakland,  Me 


MEETING   PLACE 


505   S.   State   St 

5th  and  G  St.,  N.  W. 
98   Weybosset    St.  .  .  . 


Meeting 
Night 


Wed. 

Friday 

2-4   Tues 


Free  Federation    I    15th-30th 


1017  Elm  St. 
Town    Hall    . 


First  State  Bank  Bids 


Calihan's  Hall  . . . 
Odd  Fellows'  Hall. 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall.  .  . 
Starr  Bldg 


Auburn    

Fraternal  Hall 
Gretchel's  Hall 
G.  A.  R.  Hall.  . 
Wallace   Hall    . 


Thursday 
1st   Mon. 

1-3  Tues. 

Monday 
Monday 
Monday 

Thursday 

1-3  Mon. 
2-4  Sat. 
1st  Thurs. 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3   Mon. 

2-4   Tues. 

2-4  Tues. 
Tuesday 
1-3  Tues. 
Saturday 
1-3  Tues. 

Monday 
1-3  Mon. 
1-3    Sat. 

Friday 
1-3   Mon. 

Monday 
2-4  Thui-s. 

Monday 
Tuesday 
Monday 
1-3  Fri. 
2-4  Tues. 
Thursday 
1-3   Mon. 

1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Sat. 
1-3  Thurs. 
2-4  Mon. 
1st   Mon. 

Friday 
2-4    Mon. 
Thursday 
Saturday 

Thursday 


Redmen's   Hall    1st   Wed. 

112    Wash.    Ave 2-4   Fri. 

1042   Cass  Ave 2-4   Tues. 

Carpenters'  Hall 1st  Tues. 

2491    E.    55th    St Monday 

Eagles'   Hall    Thursday 

McComas  Hall    .  .  . Tuesday 

Carter    Hall    l-3Thurs. 

Carpenters'  Hall •  •  •  I  1-3   Fri. 

Chemical  Hall 2-4   Fri. 


Labor  Temple 


Odd  Fellows'  Hall 

Labor  Temule 

229    E.   47th    St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

W.    O.    W.    Hall 

Redman   Hall    

T.  J.  Hall's  Hall 

Owl  Hall    

Cor.  Triangle  and  Broad.  . 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Union  Hall    

Atlantic   Hall    

14th    St.    Hall 

1st  Nat.   Bank   Bldg..'.... 

Gregorie  Hall   

Eson's    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Slavock    Hall    

153  Union   St 

Farmers   and  Merch.    Bank 


8th  and  Fraser  St 

Lahnmiere  Hall    

M.   W.   of  A.   Hall 

Moose  Hall  Maplewood,  Mo 


A.  O.  U.  W.  Hall. 

38    How    St 

Journal  Hall 


J.  M.  Cockrum's  Hall. 


Labor  Temple 
Filmore    Ave. 


Carpenters'  Hall 

Trades  and  Labor  Hall . 
509  E.  Baltimore   St .  .  . 

Union  Hall    

Trades    Assemblv    Hall. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Miners'  Hall    

Haas  Hall    

Ronold    Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall , 

Hafman   Hall    

Labor   Hall    

Beauchemin    Hall     .... 

Labor  Temple 

1615  Main   St 

Labor   Hall    

Miners'    Hall     

Cascade  Grange   Hall    . 

20 


1-3    Fri. 
Friday 

1st   Tues. 

2-4  Sat. 
1-2  Thurs. 
Wed. 
Tuesday 
1-3  Tues. 
2-4  Sat. 
1-3  Sat. 
2-4  Thurs. 

Wed. 

2-4   Wed. 

1-3   Wed. 

1-3   Fri. 

Wed. 

1-3  Thurs. 

Monday 

Monday 

Alt.  Thurs. 

]-3   Fri; 

3rd  Thurs. 


His. 


8 
8 
8 

S-9 

8 


8-9 


8 
8 
8 
10 
8 
8 
8 


8 

10 

9 

8 


S 
8 

S 
8 
8 
S-9 
8 
8 
8 
8 
9 


I  Sat.  J  I 
Wages  |   Hoi.    |A| 


8.80 
7.00 
7.20 
1.50 
to 
2.50 
7.20 

4.00- 
to 
5.00 
7.20 
8.00 

6.00 

7.00 
6.00 

5.85 

6.S0 

5.40 

to 

6.S0 
6.40 
7.20 
9.00 

7.20 
7.20 
6.40 
5.50 
6.00 
5.12 
6.00 


6.00 
8.00 
9.00 


7.00 
4.50 

6.75 
8.80 


7.20 
6.80 

S.OO 

to 

10.00 

5.50 

5.84 
8.80 
5.20 
7.00 
S.OO 


7.00 
7.20 

S.OO 
6.00 
5.20 
6.00 
5.60 
6.  SO 
6.00 
8.80 
6.75 


7.00 
9.00 

7.20 

4.80 
6.40 
5.40 
4.80 


L.    U. 
No.      CITY  AND   STATIC 

1782  Newark,   N.    J 

1783  Roundup,   Mont 

1784  Chicago,  111 

its:,   Ft.   Lee,   N.   J 

L786  Chi cago,    111 

I7s7   Cayey,    1'.    R 

1788  Mt.   Pleasant,   Tex 

L789   Duncan,    Okla 

1790  Baltimore.  Md 

1791  Alius.  Okla 

1702   Sedalia,    Mo 

1 7!>.i  Three  Rivers,  Que.,  Can. 

lint   Burlington,  Vt 

L79D  Mishawaka,  Ind 

1790  Montgomery,  Ala 

I7'.i7  Glenrock,  Wyo 

1799  Toronto,    Ont.,    Can.... 

I  son  Albion,  N.  Y 

L801  Sturgeon  Falls.  Out.... 
1802  New   Philadelphia,    O. .  . 

1S03  Charlotte,  N.  C 

:so4  Fairfield,   la 

1805  Detroit,  Mich 

;S06  Bowling  Green,  O 

S07  Greybull,   Wyo 

sos  Wood   River,   111 

809  Northfield,   Minn 

810  Creston,  la 

811  Monroe,  La 

.812  Liberal,    Mo 

813  Blytheville,  Ark 

814  Huntingburg,    Ind 

i  816  Durant,   Okla 

!  817  Nokomis,  111 

818  Institute,  W.  Va 

si!)  Elma.   Wash 

820  Toronto,    Ont.,    Can 

s21  Yauco,  P.  R 

822  Allende    Coah.,    Mex 

823  Tifton,    Ga 

824  Ft.    Worth,    Tex 

825  Vinita,  Okla 


I  MEETING    PLACE 

|  Labor    Lyceum 


826  Torreon    Coah.,    Mex. 


;  827  Madill,  Okla 

I  828  Bristow,    Okla 

1 829  Ravenna,    O 

!  830  Electra,  Tex 

1 831  Boonton,    N.    J 

s32  Bscanaba,  Mich 

S33  Redondo,   Cal 

'•  334  Detroit,  Mich 

335  Waterloo.  la 

-136  Russcllville,   Ark.    .  .  . 

337  Babylon.    N.    Y 

•<3S  St.    Helens,    Ore 

'339  E.  Providence,  R.  I .  . 


140  Medford,  Ore. 


<  Jarpenters'   Hall    

L638    N.   Halsted    St.  .  .  . 

Fire   House   No.    1 

Springfield  and  26th  St. 
I 

I  K.  of  P.   Hall 

|  Labor    Hall    

1 1012  E.  Baltimore  St.  .  . 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

Labor  Temple   

44  des  Farges 

Carpenters'   Hall    

K.  O.  T.  M.  Hall 

1KJ  N.  Perry  St 

City  Hall 

St.    Julian    Hall 

Citizens"    Band    Room... 


Trades  and  Labor  Hall. 

210  W.   4th   St 

Moose  Hall    

2345  Cass  Ave 

M.   W.   of  A.   Hall 

Carpenters'    Hall    

Jr.  O.   U.  A.  M.   Hall .  . 

Onstead   Hall    

Room  9,  Eagles'  Block. 

Groves  Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Hollyetter  Bldg 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

207   N.   3rd   St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


Eagles'  Hall  .  .  . 
Labor  Temple  .  . 
Free    Federation 


Masonic   Hall 
Labor  Temple  . . .  . 
M.   W.   of  A.   Hall. 


Masonic   Hall    

Record    Hall    

N.    Chestnut    St 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Eagles"   Hall    

Cor.  Jos.  Campon  &  Harper 

324J    E.    4th    St 

Miners'   Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Union  Hall    

Rays   Block    


Smith's  Hall 


<41   Burlington,    Wis 

<42  Scituate,  Mass 

<44  Lebanon,  Tenn 

v!5  Dunkirk,  N.  Y 

>46  New  Orleans,   La 

-47  Monterey,   Tenn 

S48  Burbank,   Cal 

^49  Hope,   Ark 

$50  Bridgeburg,    Ont.,   Can. 

■">1  Royalton,    111 

152  Laurel,   Miss 

S53  Frackville,   Pa 

<55  Bryan,    Tex 

156  Philadelphia,   Pa 

'•57  Spring  Valley,   N.   Y.. 

'58  Columbiana,  O 

i59  Waterloo,   la 

■60  Warsaw,    Ind 

!61  Burley,    Ida 

62  Cedar    Falls,    la 

63  Kellogg,  Ida 

;64  Kansas   City,    Mo 

■65  Belleville,  Tex 

66  Hartford,    Ark 

67  Regina,  Sask.,  Can.  .  .  . 

68  St.    Paul,    Minn 

69  Manteca,   Cal I 

70  New  York,  N.  Y I 


Woodman   Hall 
Town    Hall     .  .  . 


141    E.    Front    St 

544    Camp    St 

Masonic    Hall    

Woman's    Club    Hall 

<  !arringan    Hall    

Labor    Hall    

Litheranian    Hall    , 

Labor  Temple  , 

Kirclarich    Hall 

Smith    Bldg 

Mutual    Hall    

Columbian   Eng.  House.  .  . 

Town    Hall     

Carpenters'   Hall    , 

City  Hall    

Lyon   and   Johnson's    Shop 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Reece"s    Carpenter   Shop.. 

Labor  Temple   

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

Fioivlti  Hall   

Trades    Hall    

7-".   W.   7th    St 

Board  of  Trade  Hall 

Granite   and    Rich   Terrace 
Port    Richmond    


Meeting 
Nighl 

Tuesday 

Monda  v 

Wed. 

1-3  Tliurs. 

Tuesday 

2-4     Wed. 

Friday 
Monday 
Monday 

Friday 
Tuesday 
1st    Mori. 
2-4    Fri. 

Friday 

1st  .Mon. 
1-3  Fri. 
Tuesday 

1-3  Wed. 

2-4   Tries. 

1-2  Wed. 
Tuesday 
Tuesday 
Monday 

1-3   Wed. 

4  th  Tues. 
1st    Sat. 
Mondav 
2-4    Fri. 

Thursday 

2-4  Wed. 
Mondav 

1-3  Thurs. 

1st    Mon. 

2-4   Wed. 

1-3   Tues. 

2-4    Mon. 

1-3  Mon. 
1-3  Fri. 
1-3   Mon. 


Friday 
Monday 

1-3  Thurs. 

1-3   Wed. 

1-3   Wed. 

2-4   Wed. 

Wed. 
1-3   Fri. 

Monday 
2-4  Thurs. 

Wed. 
1-3   Tues. 

1st   Fri. 

2-4  Thurs. 
1-3   Wed. 

1  L.    Sun. 

Mondav 

1-3   Fri. 

Friday 

Friday 

1-3   Mon. 

1-3   Tues. 

Monday 

2-L.  Tues. 

Monday 

Tuesday 

1-3   Fri. 

1st   Wed. 

1-3    Wed. 

1-3    Tues. 

2-4   Wed. 

2-4     Fri. 

1-3  Thurs. 

4th    Fri. 

1st    Wed. 

2-4    Fri. 

I    2-4    Wed. 

I   2-4  Thurs. 

I    Saturday 

I    1-3    Mon. 


|  Sat.  J 

II  rs. 

Wages 

1     Hoi. 

8 

9.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

No 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

'.t.on 

Yes 

8 

7.20 

Yes 

8 

S.00 

No 

8 

5.12 

Yes 

s 

7.20 

8 

7.00 

No 

10 

4.50 

8 

6.88 

Yes 

6.00 

No 

S 

5.20 

!) 
9 

5.40 
6.75 

8  ■ 

7.50 

S 

8.00 

10 

7.50 

No 

8 

7.20 

Yes    | 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

S 

8.00 

8 

7.00 

8-9 

6.00 

Yes 

m 

3.00 

No 

S 

7.00 

3.00 

to 

4.00 

No 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

8.00 

8 

6.00 

No 

8 

S.00 

Yes 

8 

6.40 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

8 

6.80 

8 

6.00 

No 

0.00 

8 

!) 

to 
0.40 
6.75 

No 

9 

6.30 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

.8.00 

Yes 

8 

0.00 

No 

8 

0.40 

8 

8.00 

No 

9 

5.85 

8 

0.40 

Yes 

8 

7.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

Yes 

8 

0.00 

No 

9 

5.95 

8 

7. no 

No 

8 

0.00 

No 

s 

7.50 

No 

8 

o.oo 

No 

8 

7. mi 

No 

0 

4.95 

Yes 

8 

8.00 

21 


L.    U. 

No. 


CITY    AND    STATE 
Pa. 


1871  Sheffield 

1872  Hanover,    Pa. 

1873  Valparaiso,   Ind. 
1S74   Clinton      (Custer 

Okla 

1875  Miami,  Okla.    .  . . 

1876  Millerton,  N.  Y.  . 

1877  Pawtucket,  R.   I. 

1578  Mendbam,    N.   J. 

1579  Camden,  N.  J.  .  . 


Ill 


Co 


1550  Cartilage,   Mo. 

1551  Holyoke,   Mass. 
1S82  Chattanooga,  Tenn 
1883  Macomb,   111.    .  . 
18S4  Lubbock,    Tex.    . 

1885  Paris,   Tex 

1886  Guthrie,  Okla.  . 
1S87  Geneseo,  111.  ..  . 
1S8S  New  York.  N.  Y 
1SS9  Downers  Grove, 
1S90  Carmel,  Cal.  .  . 
1891  Brenham,  Tex.  . 
1S92   Shelbyville,  111. 

1893  Savannah,  Ga.  . 

1894  Junction   City,   Kan 

1595  McLeansboro,    111. 

1596  Lawrence,    Mass. 

1S9S  Girard,   Kan 

1S99  Hobart,    Ind 

1900  Penns  Grove,  N.  J 

1901  Weir,    Kan 

1902  Cleveland,    O.    ... 

1903  Sikestown.  Mo.    .  . 

1905  Kincaid,  111 

1906  Cbelyan,   W.   Va.  . 

1907  Arkansas    City,    Kan 
190S  Baltimore,  Md 

1911  Fulton,  Mo.    .  . 

1912  Sterling.  Colo. 

1913  San    Francisco.    Cal 

1914  Stratford.    Conn. 

1915  Rusk.  Tex 

1916  Palatka,  Fla.   .  .  . 

1917  Sour    Lake,    Tex. 

1919  Stevens   Point,   Wis 

1920  Mineral   Wells,   Tex 

1921  Hempstead,   N.  Y 

1922  Chicago,  111 

1923  Tacoma.  Wash.    . 

1924  Pasco.  Wash.   .  .  . 

1925  Columbia.    Mo.    . 

1926  Cbanute,  Kan.  . . 

1927  Deli-ay,  Fla 

1929  Cleveland,  O.    .  .  . 

1930  Portsmouth,  R.   I 

1931  Childress.    Tex.    . 

1932  Windsor  Locks.  Con 

1933  Greenport,   N.  Y 

1934  Terrell.   Tex.    .  . 

1935  Denning.   N.   M. 

1936  Sand   Springs,   Okla 
193 1    Apperson.    Okla.    . 

1938  Crown  Point,   Ind. 

1939  Calexico,    Cal.    .  .  . 

1940  Toledo,   O 

1941  Gurabo.  P.  R 

1942  Winston    Salem,  N 

1943  Henryetta,  Okla.   . 

1944  Coulterville.    111.    . 

1945  Westport,  Conn.    . 

1946  London,  Ont.,  Can 

1947  Thomasville,  Ga.  . 

1948  Ames,    la 

1949  Lewistown,  Mont. 

1950  Bvanston,    Wyo.    . 

1951  Cambria,   111 

1952  Carmi,   111 

1953  Portland,   Me.    .  .  . 

1954  Hammonton,    N.    J 

1955  Stuergeon  Bay,  Wis 

1956  Petersboro.   N.   H 

1957  Rockv  Ford,  Colo 

1958  Minden,  La.    .-.  .  . 

1959  Florence,  Ala.    .  . 

1960  New    Orleans.    La 

1961  Lovell,   Wyo.    .  .  . 

1962  Oelwein.    la.     .  .  . 
1S63  Livermore   Fal 


Me 


MEETING   PLACE 

Cedarloff  Hall   

Buchen   Block    

L21    E.    Main    St 


City  Hal!   

McClure  Bldg.   . 
Decker's    Office 
_'l    N.   Main   St. 
Beaver   Hall    .  . 


)la    Linden    St. 


Cor.    Howard  and  41  h   St.. 

288     High     St 

i  liimuii    Hall    

Ri  dnien's    Hall    

I.  ().  O.  F.  Hall ". 

W.   O.   W.   Hall 

211 J  E.  Harrison  Ave 

Redmen's   Hall    

ofi   W.   129th   St 

Zindt's    Hall    

uaiizanita    Hall     

I.  O.  O.  F.   Hall 

Cook    Bldg 

^17  W.  Broad  St 

Carpenters'   Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

184  Broadway 

Union   Hall    ! 

Fireman's    Hall     

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Carpenter    Shop    

7205    Fullerton    Ave 

City    Hall     

tillage   Hall    

I.   O.  <>.   F.  Hall 

Labor    Hall    

i()12  E.  Baltimore  St 

Southern   Bank    Hall 

Farm.    Room,    Court   House 

Democratic    F.ldg 

Insurance  Bldg 


Moose  Hall    

I.   O.  O.  F.  Hall 

<.    O.    T.    M.    Hall.  .  .  . 

Labor  Temple    

Hempstead  Lank  Bldg 
S414    S.   Halsted   St .  .  . 

)23  Commerce  St.... 
Central   Labor  Hall.  .  . 

)ver  Central  Bank  .  .  . 
Lapham's  Hall    

ua.-(  nic    Hall    

1355  Central  Ave.  .  .  . 
Eureka    Hall    


Cooperative   Hall    .  . 

i.  O.  (>.  F.  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall.  .  .  . 

l14  N.  Cold  St 

K.  of  P.   Hall 

Rhoten    Hall    

Union   Hall    

;29    Imperial    Ave.  . 

Labor  Temple 

'lee   Federation    .  .  . 

\    L.     U.    Hall 

!.  O.  O.   F.   Hall.  .  .  . 

Burns   Hall    

irion    Hall    

Labor  Temple 

K.  of  P.   Hall 

(loose   Hall    

Carpenters'  Hall  .  .  . 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall.  .  .  . 
0  K.  Barber  Shop. 
Woodman  Hall  .... 
Harrington    Block     . 

142   Maple   St 

Mueller's  Hall 

R"d   Men's   Hall 

Moose   Hall    

W.   O.   W.  Hall 

Seminary   and   Tenn 

120    Bermuda    St 

American    Legion    Hall.... 

Pemple  Hall    

Union   Hall    

22 


St. 


Meeting 

Night 

1-3  Thurs. 

Monday 
Wed. 

Wed. 

Monday 
1st  Thurs. 
2-4   Tues. 
1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 

Monday 

2-4    Fri. 

Tuesday 
Friday 

1-3    Fri. 

Monday 

Tuesday 
2-4  T  ue's. 
2-4    Mon. 

1st  Fri. 
1-3   Tues. 

1-4  Fri. 
2-4  Wed. 
1-3   Mon. 

Friday 

1-3  Sat. 
2-4   Tues. 

Monday 

1-3    Fri. 

Tuesday 
1-3  Mon. 
1-3  Tues. 
Thursday 
2-4  Thurs. 

L.    Fri. 

Monday 

Monday 
lst  Tues. 

Tuesday 

Monday 
1st    Sun. 

1-3    Sat. 

Monday 
2-4    Mon. 

1-3    Fri. 

Wed. 

1-3    Mon. 

Wed. 
Saturday 
1-2    Mon. 

2-4    Fri. 

1-3   Fri. 

Friday 
Alt.    Fri. 

1st    Fri. 

2nd   Wed. 
1-3    Fri. 
Tuesday 
L.     Sat. 

Wed. 

Friday 

1-3    Wed. 

Tuesday 

2-4    Fri. 

Tuesday 
Monday 
1-3    Sat. 

1-3    Mon. 

1-3  Tues. 
1-3  Fri. 
Tuesday 
Monday 

1-3   Mon. 

1-L.  Fri. 
Tuesday 

2-4  Thurs. 

1st    Mon. 

1-3   Tues. 

1st  Tues. 
Friday 
Tuesday 
Monday 

2-4   Tues. 
Friday 
2-4    Fri. 

1-3    Wed. 


I  I 

I  Hrs.  |  Wages 


Sat.  J  | 
Hoi.   jAgrl 


H) 
8 


81 

!> 

S 

s 
8 


S 
8  :40 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
9 
8 
8 
8 


4.00 
6  so 

7.00 
7.00 

7.20 
8.00 

7.20 
to 

S.00 

6.40 

4. (Ml 

6.75 
8.00 

6.00 

7.00 

9.00 
S.80 
7.40 


4.00 
4.70 
S.00 
S.00 

8.00 
8.00 
8.80 

4.50 
6.80 
S.00 
0.60 


8.00 
S.00 
4.64 
5.00 

7.00 
6.00 
6.S0 
8.00 
7.20 
7.00 

6.00 

7.00 
7.00 

7.2S 
6.80 


7.00 
9.00 
S.00 


9 

4.50 

8 

2.00 

9 

8 

9.00 

S 

S.00 

s 

7.20 

s 

5.60 

6.S0 
7.00 
7.00 
S.00 
5.85 
6.40 


8      I     6.00     |     Yes 

I 


CITY  AND  STATE 


L.   U. 

No. 
1964  Yicksburg,  Miss.    .  . 

.965  Lander,   Wyo 

.960  Algiers,  La 

967  Santurce,  P.  R.  .  .  . 

.968  Oberlin,  O 

969  Grimsby,   Ont,  Can 

!i7<>  Aberdeen,  S.  D 

971  Lynn,  Mass 

»f2  Cutler,  111 

973  Riverhead,    N.    Y . . 

974  Marine  City,  Mich. 

975  Crahani,   Tex | 

976  Boyle    Heights,    Cal.  . 

977  Rome,   Ga 

978  Buffalo,    N.    Y 

980  Atchison,   Kan 

981  Elkville,    111 

983  Defiance,  O 

984  Magna,    Utah    

985  Jersey  City,  N.  J 

986  Greenville.    S.  C 

1987  St.   Charles,   Mo 

988  Lamar,  Colo 

990  Stratford,  Ont.,  Can. 


MEETING   PLACE 

Moose   Hail    

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Sacred  llearl   of  Mary  Hal 

Free  Federation    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall | 

Orange    Hall     

Labor  Temple  

02  Monroe  St 


Forester's  Hall    

Arbeter's    Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Brooklyn    Hall    

S.  Broad   St 

301  Louisiana  St 

Labor  Temple   

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

National    Union    Hall 

Woodman  Hall    

Beacon  and  Oakland  Ave. 

Labor  Temple   

Central   Bank   Bldg 

Carpenters'   Hall    


991  El  Paso,  111 

992  Dickenson,  N.  D .  .  . 

993  Shadyside,    O 

994  New    Ulm,    Minn .  . 

995  Williamsport,  Pa.   . 

996  Madisonville,  La.    . 

997  Madisonville,   La.    . 
999  Fredericktown,  Mo. 

901  Albany,   Ala 

902  Beatrice,  Neb 

903  Waynesboro,  Pa.  . . 

)05  Nowata,  Okla 

)06  Columbia,  S.  C 

107  The  Dalles,   Ore.  .  . 

i  )08  Ponca  City,  Okla .  . 

,  )09  Biloxi,   Miss 

1  )10  Monroe,   N.    C 

)11  San  Diego,  Cal 


Meeting 
Night 

Monda v 
1-3  Thurs. 
1st  Mon. 
3()th  of  mo 
1-3  Mon. 
1-3  Tues. 
2-4  Thurs. 
Thursday 

2-4    Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Tuesday 

Thursday 

Friday 
Tuesday 

1  St  Fri. 
2-4  Fri. 
Frida  v 
1-3  Tues. 
Monday 
1-3  Sat. 
Monday 


Royal    Bank    Bldg |    2-4   Wed. 


City   Hall    

Labor  Temple   

Shadyside  Bank  Bldg 

Creamery  Hall    

Labor  Temple   

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

N.  F.   B.   A.   Hall 

Sonderman   &  Bros.   Hall .  . 

Carmen's    Hall    

4131    Court   St 


Eagles'   Hall    

Blossom  and  Main  St. 

Shanno  Hall    

3091    E.    Grand    Ave.  . 
Ill  E.  Howard  Ave .  .  . 


.  .  .   Labor    Temple 
| 
)13  Hanover,   Ont,    Can 1 1.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


)14  Ranger,  Tex 

)15  Floydada,   Tex 

»16  Eastland,   Tex 

'17  Storm  Lake,  la 

!'18  Lakewood,    N.   J 

'19  Chandler,    Okla 

'21  Ashland,  O 

•22  Lowell,   Mass 

24  Lusk,   Wyo 

25  Gretna,  La 

27  Fulton,   Ky 

28  Grand  Forks,  N.  .D 

29  Lodi,    Cal 

31  Thetford     Mines,     Que., 

Can 

32  Heavener,   Okla 

33  Bienville,    Can 

j  34  Dundas,  Ont.,  Can 

35  Brooklyn,  N.  Y 1 

36  Rapid  City,   S.  D I 

37  Hattisburg,  Miss 

38  Bloomington,    Ind I 

39  Noank,    Conn ] 

12  Ladysmith,  Wis I 


210J    Elm    St 

Floydada   Lumber   Co. 

West    Main    

Yeoman  Hall 


Dustin  Keller  Shop . 
M.  W.  of  A.  Hall .  .  . 
Carpenters'  Hall  .  .  . 
Community    Hall    .  .  . 

407  Walnut  St 

Labor  Hall    

Hill's    Hall    


City  Hall 

Roebuck   Hall 
Godin  House 


Lahor  Lyceum  . 
(eoman  Hall  .  . 
K.  of  P.  Hall... 
Union  Hall  .... 
Mechanics'  Hall 
109  2nd  St.,  E.  . 


13  Mobile,  Ala (Labor  Temple 


!  44  Cherokee,  la 

1 15  Hillsdale,    Mich 

i  16  Bay  Point,  Cal 

*7  West  New  York,  N.  J. 

48  Niagara    on    the    Lake, 

Ont.,   Can 

49  Paducah,   Ky 

>0  Elizabeth  City,  N.  C .  .  . 

>1  New  Orleans,   La 

>2  Houston,  Tex 

53  Brush,   Colo 

|54  Cle.  Elum,  Wash 

>5  Monticello,    111 

>6  Huntington    Beach,   Cal. 

'7  Kirksville,   Mo 

■  >8  Frankfort,  Ky 


]  Surles   Bldg.    .  .  . 
I  Maccabees    Hall 
(Carpenters'  Hall 
'Niepman's    Hall 


City    Hall    

Masonic  Temple 

Cor.  Fearing  and  Road   St. 

1936  Washington  Ave 

1101   Preston    Ave 

Trego  Bldg 

Cle  Elum  Malta  Hall 

M.    W.    A.    Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

1011    N.   Elson    St 

"I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

23 


Hrs. 


Thursday 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3    Mon. 

1st    Sat. 

Tuesday 
4th   Thurs 
L.   Thurs. 

1-3    Sat. 

Tuesday 
Wed. 
Wed. 

Tuesday 
2-4   Wed. 

1-3  Fri. 
Thursday 
3rd  Mon. 

2-4   Tues. 

2-4'  Wed. 

Friday 

Friday 
Thursday 
1-3  Tues. 

1-3  Tues. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3    Fri. 

Wed. 

3rd    Fri. 

1-3   Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Mondav 

[ 
1-L.  Tues.   | 
I 
3rd  Tues. 

I 
Tuesday 
2-4  Thurs.   [ 
Friday 
Monday 
1-3    Mon.    : 
1-3   Wed. 

1-3   Mon. 

1-3     Wed. 

1-3    Mon.    I 
Friday 

2-4    Tues. 

L.    Tues. 

2nd  Tues. 

1-3  Wed. 

2-4   Mon. 

1-3    Fri. 

1-3   Wed. 

1-4  Thurs. 

2-4    Mon. 

Thursday 

Monday 

Monday 


8 

s 

!9 
8 
8 
8 
9 
8 

83 
10 
8 

8-9 


8 

9 

10 

8 

8 
.8 
9 
9 

8 
8 
8 
S 
8 

10 

s 

10 

8 
8 
8 


8 

83 

8 


Wages 
7.00 

0.0(1 

3.60 
6.80 
5.85 


0.00 

8.00 

5.4(1 
7.20 
7.00 
7.00 
5.4(1 
4.75 

0.40 

3.00 

to 
4.50 


5.40 


7.20  | 

5.40  I 

4.00  | 

4.80  I 

4.  SO     I 
0.00     I 
5.85 
4.95     | 
7.00     I 
3.20 
0.40 
T.oo 
5.20 
4.50 
7.00 
3.00 
to 
4.50 
9  oo 
7.20 
S.00 


8 

5.60 

9 

5.40 

8 

6.80 

8 

0.40 

8 

7.  ."Ml 

!t 

5.85 

S 

S.00 

9 

5.40 

8 

o.oo 

Sat.  1 
Hoi. 
No 


Yes 
Yes 


3.50 

to 

6.50 


S.35 
6.16    I 


Yes 

No 


Yes 
Yes 

l'es 
No 

Yes 


Yes 


Y'es 
No 
l'es 
No 


No 

Yes 
No 
No 
No 


No 
Yes 


Yes 


No 
No 


O.oo 

Ye; 
7.20    I 

I 
5.85     | 

8.00     I 


Yes 
No 


;    -i.oo 

7.20 

5.40  | 

4. OS  | 

5.00  I     No 


Yes 


Yes 
No 


Yes 


Yes 

No 
No 

Yes 

No 
No 


Yes 

No 

No 

No 
Yes 

Yes 


L.    L". 
No. 


CITY   AND    STATE 


MEETING   PLACE 


Meeting     | 
Night IJBrs. 

2059  Bismarcb,   N.   D I'Jdd  Fellows"  Hall. 2-4    W 

2060  Logansport,  Ind [Trades  and  Labor  As.  Hall     Thursday 

2061  Sangerties,    N.    Y [Odd    Fellows'    Hall j   1-3  Thurs.         - 


2062  McKenzie.    Tenn. 


W.  O.  W.  Hall. 


2063  Fergus  Falls,   Minn :  Smiths    Hall    I 

206i  Manchester,   N.    H [101*    Elm    .St 

2066  Philadelphia,    Pa J1803  .Spring  Garden  St 

2068  Keene,  N.   H [  K.  of  P.  Hall 

2069  Platteville,  Wis IGrindell's  Hall    

2070  Salem,  Mass |2|   Front   St 

2071  Searcv,   Ark jCourt  House   

2072  Clinton,   la (Labor  Temple 

2073  Milwaukee,  Wis jlst   and   Mineral    St , 

2074  Vermillion,  O [Maccabee  Hall    

2075  Burgettstown,   Pa Tope   Bldg i 

2076  Willows,  Cal ;I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

2077  New  Albany,  Ind Brigg's  Hall    I 

2078  Rocky  Mount.   N.  C.  .  .  .  .Kevsers   Hall    [ 

2079  FavettevLUe.   N.    C (Carpenters'  Hall 

2080  Greenville,  Miss 608    Pvthian   Hall | 

2081  Morgan  City.  La Ben   Hur   Hall 

2082  Brandon,   Man.,    Can...JKellv    Block    [ 

2084  Columbus,   O I34J  E.  Eich  St 

2085  Exeter,    N.    H [Polish  Hall   

2086  Franklin.   Ind I  Moose  Hall    j 

2087  Belton,   Tex |  Odd  Fellows'  Hall 

2088  Johnsonburg.   Pa | Victor   Truck   Co.   Office... 

2089  Hickman,  Kv I.  0.  O.  F.  Hall 

2090  New  York.  N.  Y j  Bohemian  Hall    

2091  Humboldt,   Tenn.    .....|W.   0.   W.  Hall 

2092  Cresson,   Pa [Council  Chamber   

2093  Mandon.  N.  D La", or   Hal:    

2094  Los   Angeles.   Cal :  Labor  Temple   

2095  Walters.    Okla I.   0.  O.  F.  Hall 

2096  Kitchener,  Ont.,  Can ..  .j  Trades  and  Labor  Temple.] 


1-3   Fri. 


1-3   Wed. 

Friday 
2-4   Tues. 
1st    -Sat. 
2-4    Fri. 
1-3    Mon. 
2-4  Thurs. 
1-3  Mon. 
1st    Mon. 
1-3    Mon. 
1-3   Fri. 
2-4  Thurs. 
Friday 
Mondav 
1-3  Fri. 
1st    Sat. 
1-3    Sat. 
3rd  Wed. 
4th  Mon. 
1-3   Fri. 
Monday 
1st  Wed. 
2-4    Sat. 
Thursday 
Monday 
2-4    Fri. 
1-3  Fri. 

wed. 

Wed. 

1-3  Mon. 


9 

10 

8 

8 


8:38 
B-10 


8 
8 

8 

10 


Sat.  I 
Wages  |    Ho: 
7.20 


2098  Montreal,    Que.,    Can. .  .  '417  Ontario  St i   2-4  Thurs. 

2100  Village     of     Amityrille, 

N.  Y JFraternitv  Hall  !  2nd  Wed.  i 

2101  Statesville,  N.  C 

2103  Chicago,  111 [758  W.  North  ATe j  1-3  Thurs. 

2104 
2106 
2107 
2108 
2110 
2111 
2113 
2114 
2115 
2116 
2117 
2118 
2119 
2122 
2123 
2124 
2125 
2126 
2127 
2128 
2130 
2131 
2132 
2134 
2135 
2136 
2137 
2 1 3  x 

2139 
2141 
2145 
2146 

2147 


Guayama,  P.  E |  Ashford   St.   Office 

Saginaw,  Mich !  Granville  Hall    1st    Fri. 

Shickshinny,  Pa Masonic  Bldg Thursday 

Shelbyville,  Ind [Maccabee  Hall    j      Friday" 

Everett.  Wash Labor  Temple   !  Saturday 

Aransas  Pass,  Tex II.  O.  O.  F.  Hall {        Wed. 

Creal  Springs.  Ill Clare  Simpson's  Basement.  1-3  Tues. 

Napa.  Cal [Labor  Temple |  Thursday 

Eldon,  Mo Citv  Hall 2-3  Thurs. 

De   Leon.   Tex City  Hall {     1-3   Fri. 

Mankato,   Minn Basement  State  Bank 2-4  Thurs. 

Temiskaming.   Que..  Can 

St.   Louis,   Mo 3024    Olive    St 2-4  Thurs. 

Vandalia,  HI G.  A.  B.  Hall j  1-3    Sat. 

Cardwell.   Mo [Boom  6.  Miller  Bldg 1-3  Thurs. 

Dawson   Springs.   Kv.  .  .  IW.  O.  W.  Hall 1-3   Wed. 

Whitefish,  Mont B.   H.  Mason-    Res j  1-3   Fri. 

Norwalk,  O C.    L.    U.    Hall 2-4   Fri. 

Centralia,    Wash Community  Bldg |  Monday 

Sullivan,  111 [Bednien's   Hall    I      Friday 

Oklahoma  City.  Okla...   Stage  Employes'  Hall »  Thursday 

2201    N.    Eobinson j  Monday 

Citv  Hall ?  1st  Tues. 


10 


Oklahoma  City,  Okla. 

Wingo.    Kv 

Mesa,   Ariz 

Cheppewa  Falls,  Wis. 
Washington,  O 


Union   Falls    1-3  Thurs. 

F.    O.    E.    Hall Wed. 

St.    Agatha,    Que.,    Can. ! City    Hall    1-3   Wed. 

Renfrew.  Ont..   Can ....   Temperance  Hall    2nd  Thurs. 

Peshtigo.  Wis M.   W.   A.   Hall j  2-4    Mon. 

St.    Joseph,   Mich [Odd  FeUows'  Hall 13  Tues. 

Gorman.   Tex |L  O.  O.  F.  Hall 1-3   Wed. 

Charlotte.  N.  C 12091   W.  4th   Sr ',  Monday 

Beggs,    Okla Hendricks  and  Eason  Lum-j 

ber  Yard  Office Monday 

Chebovgan,  Mich Moose  Hall    1-3  Tues. 


2148 

2149  Meaford.   Ont..   Can Forester's    Hall 

2150  Paxton.   Ill II.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

2151  Sarnia,  Ont.,  Can | 

2152  Delano.    Cal Cor.  6th  and  11th  Ave. . 

2153  Suffolk.  Va !  Carpenters'  Hall 

2154  Cushing,  Okla [I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

2153  Brooklyn.  N.  Y 'Saengerbund   Hall    

2156  Bowlinz   Green,   Kv....!W.    O.    W.    Hall 

2157  Hood  River,  Ore K.    of   P.    Hall 


1-3   Wed. 
1st    Fri. 

Thursday 

Thursday 
2-4   Wed. 

2-4    Fri. 

Monday 
2-4    Wed. 


3.15 

to 

5.85 

Var. 


4.-n 


7.00 
6.00 


5.44 

■  -r 
9.00 
7.20 


to 
6.00 


2.50 
to 
6.50 
3.00 

5.20    I    No 


No 


res 


Yes 
No 


No     , 

No 

No 

Yes 


No 
Yes 
Yes 
Yes 


No 
Yes 

No 


K 


N 


Yes 


No 
No 


5.40    |    No  No 

7.00    |    Yes        No 
6.75    |    No 


Yes 
Yes 


■'.'' 


y. 


- 

8.00 

9 

1    4.50 

8 

]    6.80 

X: 

8 

- 

No 

i      8 

6.00 

Yes    j 

8 

7.00 

8 

1     7.20 

i     8 

1    6.80 

Yes 

I  9 

i    3.60 

9 

9 
9 
9 

81 


a  -" 
5.00 

4.95 
6.7a 

521       Yes 


No 
> 


> 


K 


No  N 

No 

Yes         Y 


5.80 
4.95 


No 
Yes 


No 
6.00         No 

I 

No 

5.40 

6  80 


24 


LNo.'    CITY  AND   STATE      i  MEETING    PLACE 

158  Leeehburg  and  Vic,  Pa.lAjpoilo   Hall    . 


161  Athens,  N.  Y. 

165  Wilmington,  Mass. 

166  Westfleld,   N.    .Y.  .  . 

168  Barnesboro,    Pa.    .  . 

169  San   Antonio,  Tex.. 


K.  of  C.  Hall.  .  . 
92  Levrrett  St.  .  . 
55  N.  Portage  si . 
U.  M.  W.  Hall.. . 


Meeting 

Night 
2-4    Mon. 
1-3    Wed. 

1-3    Fri. 
Tuesday 


|  Hrs.  I  Wages 


Sat   J 
Hol. 


|Agr1 


Trades    Council 
Atlantic   Hall    . 


Hall. 


lT.S  Bridgehampton,    N.    Y.  . 

174  Greenville,    S.   C |  Labor  Temple    .. 

17(1  Harlan,  Ky |Co-Operative    Hal 

I  7!i  Cn.esbcck.  Tex I  .Vlitlentbal    Bldg. 

18(1  1'aoli,   Ind I  Itednieu's    Hall    . 

1S1  Corwallis,   Ore |  Union   Hall    ...  . 

I     182  Delta,  Colo I  J-  O.  O.    •     Ha    . 

183  Southampton,  Ont.,  CanlL  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 

184  Woodstock,   Ont.,  Can.. I  A.    O.    P.    Hall.. 


l-3Thurs 


L85  Lynn  Haven,  Fla j  Adamson    Bldg I    2-4   Wed.    | 

188  Osterville,  Mass I  Old    School    Bldg 

L89  St.  Thierere,  Que.,  Can.  [City  Hall 

190  Harlingen,    Tex I L  O.  O.  L  .  Ha    

191  Las   Animas,   Colo \&°-.0A  Kr  ,, 

192  Bemidji,  Minn I K.  of  C.  Hall 


Mon. 
Mon. 
Mon. 
Monday 
2-4  Thurs. 


1-3 
2-4 
1-3 


j  Andrew's    Office    

I  Firemen's  Hall    

5th  Ward   Hose   House.. 

4341  S.  Halsted    


Marchall's   Hall 
(Topic  Hall 
I  Labor  Temple   . 
|  Labor  Temple   . 


,194  Philadelphia,   Pa j 211  Fairmont  Ave.  .  |    2-4   Mon. 

L96  Sumter,  S.  C 

197  Mattituck,  N.   Y 

i  198  Milton,   Pa 

1 200  Chicago,  111 

>01  Mount      Dennis,      Out., 

Can 

|  !02  Price,   Utah    

:J03  Anaheim,  Cal.    

!05  Wenatchee,    Wash 

!06  Hieh  Point,  N.  C 

!  !07  Enumclaw,    Wash 

*!08  Fort    Pierce,    Fla 

!09  Oshawa,  Ont.,  Can.... 
i  ilO  Merrill,  Wis 

!11  Wynnewood,  Okla 

!12  St.    Albans,   Vt 

!13  Kingsbury,  Cal 

!14  Boston,  Mass 

115  Crestline,   O 

:16  Orangeburg,  S.  C 

!17  Lakeland,  Fla 

118  Portland,  Ore 

:20  Somerset,  Ky 

:21  Troy,  O 

:23  Burkburnett,  Tex 

:26  Etawah,   Tenn 

:27  Villa    Grove,    111 

'29  Chattanooga,  Tenn.    .  .  . 

:30  Owen  Sound,  Ont.,  Can 

131  Breckenridge,  Tex 

:32  Lynchburg,  Va 

•35  High  Point,  N.  C 

36  New  York,  N.  Y 

37  Jersey  City,  N.  J 


|  Musicians'    Hall    

I  Woodman  Hall    

K.    of   P.    Hall 

Carpenters'  Hall 

City    Hall    

IK.  of  P.  Hall 

[City    Hall    

1  Well's  Memorial  Bldg.  .  .  . 

Scott's    Hall    

Phoenix   Hall    

Famous  Bldg 

243  Ash   St 

Carpenters'  Hall 

W.  O.  W.   Hall 

Union  Hall    

Griffin  Hall    

K.  of  P.  Hall 

Cor.  Market  and  Main  St. 

A.  O.  F.  Hall 

Owls'  Hall 

K.    of    P.    Hall 

Jr.   O.   U.   A.   M.   Hall 

Gannon's    Hall    

583    Summit    Ave 


38  Sweetwater,  Tex Trammel    Bldg 


O. 


39  Port    Clinton, 

40  Oakdale,    Cal.    . 
43  Paris,  Ky TVarden's  Hall 


A.  B.  U.  Hall. 


44  Little  Chute,  Wis |  Village   Hall    

46  Mo.  Valley,  Iowa | Jensen  Hall   

47  Beckler,  W.  Va I1-  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

48  Piqua,   O |C    L.    U.    Hall 

49  McComh,   Miss I  Morgan's    Hall    

50  Bigheart,  Okla |  L  O.  O.  F.   Hall ...  . 

51  Buckhannon,    W.    Va.  .  .  |L  O.  O.  F.   Hall 

52  Fairbault,    Minn |  Eagles'    Hall    

54  Cape    Magdeleine,    Que.,| 
Can I  Fire  Pump    Station . 

55  Illmo,  Mo |  Miller   Hall    

56  Hartford  and  Vic,  Vt..i 

57  Sedro  Woolley,   Wash.  .  tl.  O.  O.  F.  Hall.  .  .  . 

58  Statesville,  N.  C I  Evans    Hall     


I 
8  I 
8  I 
9 
9 


Thursday   i     8 


2-4   Mon. 

.Monday 

1  -3     Sa  I . 

Tuesday 

Friday 

Monday 

2-4     Wed. 
2-4    Mon. 


Saturday 

1st    Wed. 

1-3   Tues. 

Wed. 

1-3    Fri. 

1-3   Mon. 

Wed. 

Friday 

1-3   Wed. 

1-3  Fri. 
2-4  Tues. 
2-4  Tues. 
1-a  Sat. 
1-3  Wed. 
2-4  Tues. 
2nd  Wed. 
4th  Thurs. 
1-3    Mon. 

Tuesday 

1st  Thurs. 

Friday 

Friday 

Thursday 

2-4    Fri. 

1st    Sat. 

1-3   Fri. 
2-4  Thurs. 

Monday 

Wed. 

Thursday 
2-4    Fri. 


.Monday      | 

1-3  Thurs.  I 

Monday      I 
Thursday    I 
I 
l-::   Fri. 

l-:-!  Thurs. 

Friday 

Tuesday 

1-3   Wed. 

Wed. 

Wed. 

2nd    Mon. 


8 
8 

10 

9 

8 
8 

8 

8 
9 


10 

8 

10 


Yar. 
4.72 
7. 2o 
7.65 
5.00 
to 
6.00 
6.00 


7.DO 
5.121) 

I     7.21) 

I 

3.50 
2.70 
to 
4.50 
4.00 
to 
4.  SO 
6.40 

6.80 

7.oo 
7.20 
7.20 

to 
S.OO 


6.00 

0.00 


8.00 
7.00 


G.40 
0.7.") 
5.85 


9 

5.40 

9 

O.7.") 

8 

S.OO 

9 

6.05 

9 

5.40 

8 

9.00 

8 

9.00 

7.00 

8 

to 

S.OO 

8 

5.60 

Yes 

No 


Yes 


No 

No 
No 

Yes 

Yes 


Yes 

No 
Yres 
No 

Yes 

No 
Yes 


G.OO     I 


No 


|     No 

I     Yes 

Yes 


No 
Pari 


No 


No 
No 
No 

No 

No 


Vbl. 

No 

No 
No 

No 

No 
No 


No 


No 
No 
Vbl. 


7.50 

5.85     [ 

Yes 

No 

0.4O     | 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

No 

5.00 

No 

No 

0.90 

Yes 

No 

7.20 

No 

No 

0.00 

Yes 

No 

r,.4o 

0.00 

to 
7.2o 

6.40 

o.so 


I    No 

I    Yes 

I 

I 

I     No 

No 

No 

No 


No 
Yes 


2-4    Wed. 

1  -3    Sa  I . 


1-3    Mon. 
Friday 


8 

5.20 

No     S 

3.80 

9  J 

lo 

Yes 

1.25 

No 

I 

i     Yes 

I 

No 
No 
No 

No 


No 
No 

Yes 


I      9 

I      9 

10 


No 


0.00 

No 

Yes 

5.50 

7  no 

Yes 

No 

4.oo 

Yes 

.No 

L.   U. 

No. 


CITY  AND   STATE 


MEETING   PLACE 


2259  Richmond,  Va 11111  Hull  St. 


2261 
2263 
2264 
2265 
2266 
2268 
2272 
2273 
2275 
2277 
2278 
2279 
2286 
22S8 
2289 
2291 
2292 
2293 
2294 
2296 
2297 
2300 
2302 
2305 


2307  Cornwall,  Ont.,  Can. 


2309  Beebe,  Ark 

2310  Madisonville,  Ky. 

2312  Shelbyville,   Ky.    . 

2313  Meridian,  Miss.   .  . 


2314 
2315 
2317 
2318 
2319 
2320 
2321 
2322 
2324 
2325 
2326 
2329 
2330 
2331 
2334 
2335 
2337 


Ontario.   Cal 

Jersey  City,  N.  J . 
Waterville.  Conn. 

Paris,   Tenn 

El  Paso,  Tex 

Mound   City,   111 .  . 

Dublin,   Tex 

Somerville,    Ind.    . 
Herington.    Kan. 
Willmar,  Minn.    .  . 

Culver,    Ind 

Spencer,  Ind 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Hugo,  Okla.. 

Valdosta,  Ga 

Benton,  Ark 

Los   Angeles,    Cal . 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

426|   Broad   St 

Odd  Fellows"  Hall 

N.  Main   

Trades  and  Labor  Hall. 

Opera  House 

Nelm's   Hall    


Fort  Myers,  Fla |  Langford   Block    

Wellsboro,    Pa (Redmen's   Hall    

Pittsburgh,  Pa |Room   4,    Labor   Temple 

Lindsay,    Cal |  Waddell  JIall 

Carutbersville,  Mo.   . 

Gadsden,   Ala 

Holdenville,  Okla.  . 
Winchester,  Ky.  .  .  . 
Fond  du  Lac,   Wis.  . 

Gallup,    N.    M 

Kingsport,  Tenn.  .  . . 
Hudson,  Que.,  Can.  . 

Hickory,  N.  C 

Williamson,    W.    Va. 

Chicago,    111 

Wagoner,  Okla.  .  .  . 
Haynesville,  La.  .  .  . 
Wellington,   Kan.    .  . 

Eugene,  Ore 

Owasso,  Mich 

Dodge  City,  Kan .  .  . 
Winter   Haven,   Fla. 

Fairfax,  Okla 

Brooklyn,    N.    Y.  .  .  . 


W.    O.    W.    Hall 

115    2nd    Ave 

113  Ashland  Blvd 

Wheeler  &   Son   Shop.  .  .  . 
Cooks  and  Waiters'   Hall. 

Labor  Temple  .  .  .  .  : 

Moose  Hall    

G.    A.    R.    Hall 

Moose  Hall    

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Over  Osage  Bank 

217    Court   St 


Labor  Temple   . 

Woodman  Hall 

Owl  Hall    

O.   O.  O.   Bldg.. 


Odd  Fellows'  Hall. 


233S  Gloucester,  Mass. 

2340  Bradentown.  Fla. 

2342  Van   Nuys,    Cal .  .  . 

2343  Jamesburg,    N.    J. 

2345  Jasper,  Ind 


2346  Kimball,   Neb.    .  .  . 

2347  Bartow,  Fla 

234S  Los   Angeles.    Cal. 
2350  Baltimore,  Md.    .  . 


2351  Walkerton,    Ont.,   Can.. 


2352 
2353 
2357 
2358 
2360 
2361 
2363 
2364 
2366 
2371 
2372 
2375 
2377 
2378 
2381 


2382  Espanila.  Ont.,  Can. 


2383  Wilmington,  N.  C. 

2384  Flat  River,  Mo.  .  . 


Eagle  Grove,  la 

Silverton,   Ore 

St.    Clair,   Mich 

Perry,  la 

Milltown,  N.  B.,  Can. 

Frederick,  Md 

Appleton,   Wis 

Carlisle,  Ind 

Belleville.   Ont.,    Can. 
Goshen,   Ind. 


W.  O.  W.  Hall 

583   Summit  Ave 

127  E.  Main   St 

Bricklayers'  Hall    

Labor  Temple   

Blum's   Hall    

Wicher    Bldg 

Geo.  Tipp  Hall 

Eagles'   Hall    

New    Tribune    Bldg.  .  .  . 
Keen's   Studio  Hall.  .  .  . 

37   S.   West  St 

1803  Spring  Garden  St. 

Spring    Bldg 

M.  W.  A.   Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Labor  Temple 


Fish    Workers'    Hall . 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

Whitson  Hall    

Over   1st  Nat.   Bank . 

Over    Post    Office.  .  .  . 


Fraternal  Hall 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 

1st  and  Indiana  St. 
715  N.  Eutaw  St.  .  . 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 


Kenefick  Hall    . 
Redmen's   Hall 

302   6th    St 

Nash  Block    .  .  . 


Meeting 
Night 


Monday 

Monday 

1-3   Wed. 

1-3   Mon. 

2-4    Sat. 

Wed. 

Friday 

Monday 

1-3   Fri. 

2-4   Fri. 

2-4   Wed. 

Saturday 

1st   Mon. 

Thursday 
Monday 

1-3   Wed. 

1st    Wed. 

Thursday 

2-4   Fri. 
Friday 

2-4  Wed. 
Wed. 

1-3  Wed. 

Tuesday 
.  1-3   Tues. 

1-3   Tues. 

1st  Sat. 
Tuesday 
Thursday 

Monday 

Wed. 

2-4  Tues. 

4th    Fri. 

2-4   Mon. 

2-4   Fri. 

Monday 

2-4    Mon. 

2-L.  Mon. 

2-4    Fri. 

2-4  Thurs. 

1st    Fri. 

Friday 

1st  Tues. 

Tuesdav 

Wed. 

Wed. 

Friday 

2-4  Tues. 

Saturday 
Friday 
1-3   Fri. 

Wed. 

1-3   Fri. 

Tuesday 

Friday 

1-3  Thurs. 


Hrs.  I  Wages 


Sat.  ± 
Hoi.     Agr 


10 


8 

9 

10 

8 

10 


s 

8 

9-10 

9 
8 
9 


8 
8 

'mo 


1-3  Thurs.  I  9-10 


110  N.   Market   St. 
Labor  Hall    


Odd  Fellows'  Hall. 
Jefferson  Hall 


72  Haverstraw,  N.  Y I  Forester's  Hall 


Los   Angeles,   Cal . 

Cairo,    111 

Lock    Haven,    Pa. 
Petersburg,  Ind.    . 


Labor  Temple 

12th  and  Wash.  Ave. 

I.   O.   O.   F.   Bids 

602*    Main    St 


1-3  Thurs. 
1-3  Mon. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3   Fri. 

Monday 
2-4  Thurs. 

1-3   Fri. 
Thursdav 

2-4    Fri. 
1-3    Sat. 
2-4    Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Thursday 


Community  Hall |    1-3    Wed. 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall !    Saturday 


9 

S 

s 

9 
9 
9 

9 

8 

10 
9 

S 


4.50 

(o 
7.20 
:,.  60 
5.20 
7.2s 
7.50 
5.40 
6.50 
6.00 

3.00 

7. mi 
4.50 

4.50 

4.00 
7.00 
8.00 
6.00 


6.00 
7.20 
7.00 
6.40 
4.50 

to 
5.00 
5.00 
5.40 
5.85 
5.40 

to 

6.75 
7.00 
9.00 


6.00 
7.00 
6.40 
5.60 


9 

6.75 

9 

5.85 

9 

6.75 

8 

.  6.00 

9 

5.40 

9 

5.40 

8 

9.00 

3.24 

9 

to 

4.05 

S 

6.00 

8.00    I    Yes 
8.00 
3.25 
to 
6.00 


8.00 

2.00 
to 
4.50 
5.S5 
6.00 
6.40 

5.85 
4.95 


5.85 

7.00 

4.00 

7.20 
4.S0     I 
to 
5.36 

6.40 


No 

No 


26 


CITY  AND  STATE 


MEETING  PLACE   I 


Meeting 
Night 


b.    U 
No. 

2386  Kenova,  W.  Va ICity    Hall    I     Tuesday 

238S  Milton,  Ore |K.   of  P.   Hall I      1-3    Fri. 

I 
Labor  Temple    1-3    Mou. 


2390  London,  Out.,  Can.. 

m$  Chaffee,    Mo 

!395  Lebanon,   Iud 


1390  Seattle,    Wasb. 


!397  Rio  Piedras,  P.   R 

!398  Jamestown,  N.  D 

1399  Laurel,   Mont 

:40(>  Woodland,   Me 

1404  Vancouver,  B.  C,  Can. 
;400  Crookston,   Minn 


'408  Xenia,  O. 


409 
HO 
411 
412 
414 
415 
41(1 
417 
418 
419 
420 
421 
422 
423 
424 
425 
427 
428 
429 
430 
1431 
432 
,433 
434 
436 
438 
439 
440 
142 
143 
144 
146 
147 
150 
151 
152 
154 
156 
158 
159 
160 

161 
162 

163 
164 

if,5 
166 
•i',7 
70 
t71 
=73 


Galveston,  Tex 

Denver,  Colo 

Elkins,  W.   Va 

Cristobal,  C.  Z 

Silver  Creek,  N.  Y.  .  .  . 

Victoria,  B.  C,  Can 

Portland,   Ore 

Osawatomie,    Kan. 

N.   St.   Paul,  Minn 

Astoria,  Ore 

Paola,  Kan , 

Mt.   Pleasant,   Mich 

Clintonville,  Wis 

Nacogdoches,   Tex. 

Tacoma,  Wash 

Glendive.  Mont 

White  Sulphur,   W.  Va. 

Portland,   Ind 

Somersworth,   N.  H.... 

Palatka,    Fla 

Chico,   Cal 

Houston,  Tex 

Galveston,  Tex 

Valley   City,   N.   D 

New  Orleans,   La 

Grand  Haven,  Mich.  .  .  , 

Huron,   S.   D 

Bushnell,  111 

Faribault,  Minn 

Muzquiz,    Coah.,    Mex. .  . 

Crowley,   La 

Athens,   Ga 

Iron    Mountain,    Mich  .  . 

Sanger,  Cal 

jjSrwin,    Tenn 

Bentonvillo.    Ark 

Richmond.    Va 

Indian  Head,  Md 

Carlsbad,  N.  M 

Pearl  River.  N.  Y 

Iroquois      Falls,'      Ont. 

Can 

Winslow,   Ariz 

Graford,   Tex 

Ventura,  Cal 

Stanley,  Wis    

Grandfleld,   Okla 

Pembrok,  Ont.,  Can.  .  .  . 

Chrisholin,   Minn 

Robstown,  Tex 

Nashua,  N.  H 

Jasper,  Ala 

Winnett,  Mont 

Santa  Maria,  Cal 

Mannington,  W.  Va 

Port  Royal,   S.   C 

Marshfield,  Wis 

Winchester,    Tenn 

Lawton,  Mich 

Chehalis,   Wash 

Central  City,  Ky 

Madison,  Conn 

Akron,  O 

Boston,  Mass 

Boston,  Mass 

Boston,  Mass , 

Buffalo.    N.   Y 

Chicago,   111 

Chicago,   111 

Evanston,   I1L    

Cleveland,  O 


2216 1  Ave.  E.  . 
1947"  Stout  St. 
Darden  Hall  .  . 
Lodge   Hall    .  .  . 


('.    F.    Span's    Store I       Friday 

1041  S.  Lebanon  St |    Thursday 

Labor  Temple I    Saturday 


3    Roble    St |  Tuesday 

119  4th  Ave.,   S 2-4   Tues. 

Old  Thompson's  Yards,  Inc|  Monday 

Town  Bldg I  Monday 

Labor  Temple I  Tuesday 

Viking  Hall |  2-4   Wed. 

I 

Redmeu's   Hall    1-3    Wed. 


Labor   Hall    

Labor  Temple 

5th  and  Main  St.  . 

Old    Singer   Bldg- . 

425 J  Bond  St 

City  Hall   

502  N.  Lansing  St. 
Germania  Hall    .  .  . 


1151|    Broadway    

Midland  C.  &  L.   Co.  Office 

Mayor's  Office 

Curtis   Bldg 

Forester's    Hall    

Odd  Fellows'  Hall 

Labor  Temple 

1212  Texas  Ave 

22161   Church   St 

421  Main  St 

134   S.  Rampart  St 

5th  and  Fulton  St 

Labor  Temple 

Woodman    Hall     

Woodman  Hall    

50    Calle    Victoria 

W.  O.  W.  Hall 

I.   O.   O.  F.   Hall 


Justice   Hall    

B.  R.  T.   Hall 

Hopper's   Store 
207*  N.   Fushen   St. 


2161  Canon   St 

Liberty   Palace   Hall. 


Fire  Hall,    Ansonville 

Firemen's    Labor    Hall.  .  .  . 

I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


Brayal  Res 

Fenton  and   Smith    Hall. 

Karl's  Hall    

I.    O.   O.   F.    Hall 

O'Donnell's    Hall    

City    Hall    


Hart's  Hall   

Odd  Fellows'   Hall 

City    Hall    

Owls'  Hall   

M.  W.  A.  Hall 

G.    A.    R.   Hall 

G.    A.    R.    Hall 

Court  House    

Hunter's  Hall    

5  E.  Buchtel  Ave 

Paine   Memorial    Hall 

164  Hanover  St 

Dudley   St.    Opera   House. 

475  Franklin  St 

ISO  W.  Washington 

6654  S.  Halsted    

620    Davis    St 

919   Huron    Road 


2-4  Thurs. 
1-3   Fri. 

Monday 
4th    Sat. 

1-3  Mon. 
Thursday 
Alt.  Fri. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Tuesday 

1st  Wed. 
3rd    Sat. 

Wed. 

Wed. 
1st   Mon. 
2-4  Tues. 
Tues.  e  t  w 
2nd  Mon. 
Tuesday 

Wed. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Thurs. 
2-3  Fri. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3  Wed. 
2-4  Fri. 
1-3  Mon. 
1-3   Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 
Thursday 

Wed. 
Wed. 
1-3    Sat. 
Friday 
1-3    Wed. 
1-3    Fri. 
1-3  Tues. 

Wed. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Tuesda  v 

1-3   Mon. 

1-3   Wed. 

1st   Mon. 

1-3    Mon. 

2-4  Thurs. 

Friday 

2nd    Sun. 

2-4  Tues. 

Monday 

Tuesday 
1st  Thurs. 

1st    Sat. 

1-3   Tues. 

1-::    Mon. 
1-3  Thurs. 

Friday 
1st  Tues. 
2-4  Thurs. 
1-3    Mon. 
1-3    Mon. 

Friday 
1-3  Sat. 
1-3  Mon. 
2-4  Mon. 
1-3  Fri. 
1-3    Mon. 


I  i  Sal.  1  I 

Hrs.  |  Wages  j    Hoi.   |A^rt 


10 


8 
8 
9 

8 
8 
8 

8 

8 

8 

in 

10 


9 

9 

10 


9 
10 

9 

8 
8 


S 

s 

Si 

s 
s 
s 

9 
8 

8 


9-10 


|     4.14 

in 
I      O.IIO 

i     6.07J 
|     7.ini 
to 
9.00 

6.30 

7.00 


7.00 

5.20 

to 

6.00 
8.00 
8.00 
7.02 

6.00 
6.00 
7.20 
6.80 

7.00 

6.00 
5.00 

7.00 
6.75 
5.00 
3.00 

5.40 
8.00 
8.00 
7.00 

6.40 
7.20 
7.00 

6.30 
3.00 
6.00 


S.00 
5.00 

6.16 

5.S4 
7.00 
8.00 

5.S5 
7.50 
7.00 


5.00 
7.20 
6.00 
4.56 


S.00 
6.40 
5.75 
6.50 
5.00 


s  on 
7.00 
S.40 


8.S0 


No 

Yes 

No 
Yes 


No 

No 


No 

Yes 

Yes  I 
Yes  | 
No 

No     | 


No 
No 


Yes 


Yes 
No 


Yes 


No 


No      | 


No  | 

No  | 

Yes  | 

No  | 

Yes  | 

I 

No  I 


No 
No 
No 


Yes 
Yes 
No 

No 


Y'es 
Yes 
Yes 


27 


L  D. 

No. 


CITY   AND   STATE 


MEETING    PLACE 


Meeting 

Night" 


Hrs.  |  Wages 


Cleveland,  O.   .  .  . 
Cleveland.  O.   ... 
Cleveland,  O.   .  .  . 
Detroit.  Mich.    .  . 
Jersey  City,  N.  J 
Los   Angeles,   Cal 
Harrison,   N.  J  ■  ■ 
Newark,   N.   J  .  .  . 
New  Rocbelle,  N. 
Berkley,  Cal.    .  .  . 
Oakland,   Cal.    .  . 
Paterson.   N.   J  .  . 
Philadelphia,   Pa. 
Philadelphia,   Pa. 
Pittsburg.   Pa.    ... 
Portland,  Ore.   .  .  . 
Providence,  R.  I .  . 
Rochester,    N.   Y.  . 
Sacramento.   Cal. 

St.   Louis,   Mo 

Salt  Lake  City,  Utah 
San  Diego.  Cal.  .  .  . 
San    Francisco.    Cal 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 
San   Francisco,   Cal 

Seattle,  Wash 

Stamford.  Conn.  .  . 
New  York,  N.  Y.  .  . 
Washington,  D.  C. 
White  Plains,  N.  Y 

Yonkers,  N.  Y 

Bavonne,  N.  J 

Brantford,  Ont.,  Can 
Burlington,  Ont.,  Can 
Calgarv,  Alta..  Can. 
Central  Park,  B.  C,  Can 

Edmonton,  Alta..   Can.  . 
Ft.  Williams,  Ont.,  Can. 

Gulph,   Ont.,   Can 

Hamilton.   Ont.,   Can... 

London,  Ont.,  Can 

Montreal,    Que..    Can... 
Niagara  Falls,  Ont.,  Can 

Ottawa,  Ont.,  Can 

Preston,  Ont.,  Can.  .  .  . 
St.   Catherines,   Ont., 

Can 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can.  . .  . 
Toronto,  Ont.,  Can.... 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can 


2509 
2510 
2511 
2513 
2515 
2516 
251S 
2519 
2522 
2532 
2533 
2535 
2537 
2539 
2541 
2543 
2544 
2548 
2549 
2550 
2552 
2553 
2554 
2555 
2558 
2559 
2560 
2561 
2563 
2564 
2565 
2566 
2602 
2603 
2604 
2605 

2607 
2610 
2611 
2612 
2615 
2617 
2624 
2628 
2630 
2632 

2639 
2641 
2642 
2643 

2644 


2651  Victoria,  B.  C,  Can 

2654  Whitby,  Ont.,  Can 

2655  Winnipeg,    Man.,    Can.. 

2658  Saskatoon,   Can 

2659  Hamilton.   Ont.,   Can... 

2704  Lvkens,  Pa I 

2707  Gardner.  Me I 

2709  Rock   Hill.    S.    C I 

2710  Arlington.  Tex ■.  .  .  I 

2711  Nevada.    Mo | 

2712  Denver.    Colo i 

2713  Montgomery.    W.    Ya .  .  . 

2714  Mt.  Vernon,  Wash 

2715  Meridan,    Miss 

2717  Brooklyn.  N.  Y 

2718  Slick,   Okla 


7243    Kinsman    Road j 

Central  Ave.  and  14th  St.    I 

2858    W.    25th    St 

1032   1st  St I 

.j^3    Summit    Ave I 

Labor  Temple   I 

Labor   Lyceum    | 

v    Clark    St .".  I 

Hampden    Hall    I 

Masonic  Temple    .  .' i 

Labor  Temple I 

Labor  Institute 

1  S03    Spring  Garden    St. . . 
Gtn  Ave.  and  Butler  St... 

McGeagb    Bldg 

Labor  Temple   

89    Weybossett    St 

457   B.  Main   St 

Labor    Temple    

3024    olive    st 

Labor  Temple   

Labor  Temple 

Building  Trades  Temple.  .  . 

200    Guerrero    St 

200    Guerrero    St 

Labor   Hall    


160  E.  65th  St... 
610   G   St..   N.   W. 

Union   Hall    

Wiggins  Hall  .  .  . 
i  6  Andrew  St.  .  . 
G.  W.  V.  A.  Hall. 


2572    Monmouth    Ave..    Col 

lingwood.    B.    C 

Labor   Hall    

Trades   and   Labor   Hall .  .  . 


Labor  Temple  . 
592  Union  Ave. 
Orange  Hall  .  . 
115  Sparks  St. 
C.   of  F.   Hall.  . 


Labor  Temple  . 
Labor  Temple  . 
St.  Julien  Hall. 
Labor  Temple  .  . 
Alhambra  Hall  , 
Player's   Hall    .  . 


Trades    Hall 


St.   Andrew's   Hall Monday 

Labor  Temple   1-3    Fri. 

Labor  Temple 2-4  Thurs. 

Brown's    Hall    Alt.  Thurs. 


1st    Fri. 

1-3  Fri. 
2-4  Tues. 
2-4  Mon. 
2-4    Mon. 

Tuesday 

1-3  Fri. 
2-4  Wed. 
2-4    Tues. 

1-3  Sat. 
1-3  Mon. 
Alt.  Mon. 
Thursday 
2-4   Tues. 

Alt.  Fri. 
2-4  Tues. 
Alt.  Mon. 

1-3   Fri. 

1-3  Fri  | 

1-3  Tues. 
1-3  Thurs. 
Alt.  Wed. 
Alt.  Mon. 
Wed. 


2nd  Fri. 
1-3  Wed. 
1-3   Mon. 


1-3  Tues. 

1-3  Tues. 

2-4  Wed. 

2-4  Tues. 

1-3  Mon. 

2-4  Thurs. 

2-4  Thurs. 
Alt.  Mon. 
2-4  Mon. 
2-4  Tues. 

2-4  Thurs. 


2719  Dalton.    Ga. 


I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall. 
\lert  «ose   Co .  .  . 
Labor  Temple   .  .  . 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall .  . 

Union    Hall    

173 1    Champa    St. 


2-4  Fri. 
l-3Thurs. 
Tuesday 
Mondav 
1-3  Wed. 
1st   Fri. 


M.  W.   A.   Hall 1-3  Thurs. 

K.    of    P.    Hall 1-3   Fri. 

219  Seckman  St |  Monday 

School   House    Monday 


2720  Marlow.   Okla 

2721  Somerset,   Pa 

2725  New  York.  N.  Y 

2729  Lufkin.   Tex 

2730  St.  Thomas.  Vir.  Islands 

2731  Bonham,  Tex 

2732  New  Buffalo,  Mich 

2733  Boynton.   Fla 

2734  Clarksville,  Tenn 


J.  L.  Wallace  Shop. 
I.  O.  O.  F.  Hall 


112  E.  125th   St 

I.    O.    O.   F.   Hall 

A.   F.   of  L.   Hall 

Fraternal  Broth.  Hall.  .  .  . 

Maccabee  Hall    

Masonic  Hall    

Over  Munn's  Pool  Room. 


Wed. 
Wed. 

Monday 
2-4  Mon. 
2nd  Mon. 

Wed. 
2-4  Thurs. 

1-3  Fri. 
Thursday 


8.S0    | 

i.  - 

8.80 

res 

9.00 
8.00 

8.00 

Yes 

8.00 

8.00 
8.00 
8.00 
9.00 
7.20 
7.20 
6.80 
8.35 
B.80 
7.20 

8.00 

Yea 
Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

9.00 

Yes 

8.00 
9.00 
5.60 

Yes 

Yes 
Yes 

6.50 

Yes 

5. GO 
5.20 
6.40 
5.60 
5.40 

Yes 

Yes 

Yes 

6.00 
7.20 
7.20 
7.20 

Yes 
Yes 

Yes 

7.20 

5.00 

to 

6.00 

Yes 

Yes 

6.00 
5.20 

6.40 

.-,.40 

1     8.00 

6.40 

Yes 
No 

No 

'     7.00 

No 

9.00 
8.00 
2.70 
to 
5.40 
7.00 

No 

! 
Yes 

No 

9.00 

Yes 

2.80 

No 

6.83 
7.00 
1 

Yes 

28 


Send  for  this  boo] 
—it's  free 


"This  is  one  of 
handiest  books  ] 
have  ever  received* 
write  scores  of  car- 
penters. We  have  a 
limited  number  left: 
fill  in  the  coupon  at 
once  for  your  cop 


Sheetrock  comes  in  standard 
sizes— %  in.  thick,  32  or  48 
in.  wide  and  6  to   10  ft.  long 


Reg.  U.  S.  Pat.  Off 


SHEEmOCK 


G^e  FIRE  PROOF 


WA  LLBOARD 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM     COMPANY 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  111. 
Send  my  SHEETROCK  Time  Book  to- 


Name. 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


the  lumber  you  buy 


FEW  PERSONS  take  time  to  give  personal 
attention  to  selecting  the  lumber  to  be 
used  in  their  homes.  Yet  they  insist  on 
their  favorite  brand  of  shirts  or  shoes 
because  they  know  that  brand  means  de- 
pendability and  maximum  quality  for  the 
amount  spent. 

They  buy  shirts  and  shoes  many  times 
in  a  lifetime,  but  a  home  only  once.  It 
is  their  most  valued  possession.  How  im- 
portant, then, to  be  sure  the  lumber  is  right, 
because  they  will  live  with  it  always  and 
upon  its  quality  may  depend  the  perma- 
nence and  beauty  of  the  house. 

By  identifying  all  its  lumber  and  lumber 
products  with  a  trade-marked  brand,  The 
Lonc-Bell  Lumber  Company  believes  it 
has  helped  immeasurably  to  make  lumber 
buying  easier,  more  convenient  and  safer 
for  the  home  builder— to  assure  him  that  he 
is  getting  full  value  for  the  money  he  pays. 


To  those  who  say  "all  lumber  looks 
alike  to  me,"  we  point  to  these  facts: 

Long-Bell  Lumber  has  back  of  it  47 
years  of  honorable  enterprise. 

Long-Bell  Lumber  comes  from  excep- 
tional stands  of  virgin  timber;  manufac- 
tured in  modern  mills. 

Long-Bell  Lumber  is  made  by  skilled 
workmen — men  who  take  a  personal  pride 
in  a  product  bearing  their  company's  name. 

Each  process  of  manufacture  and  each 
step  in  the  grading  is  under  the  supervision 
of  experts  who  work  to  a  standard.  Eacli 
log  is  cut  for  purposes  for  which  it  is  best 
adapted.  Long-Bell  Lumber  is  of  uni- 
form quality. 

Lonc-Bell  lumber  is  trade-marked. 
This  means  unmistakable  identification — 
the  same  kind  of  a  buying  guide  you  demand 
on  other  merchandise. 


Ask  Your  Lumberman 
The  TpnG-ReLL  Ipmber  rompanq 


R.A.LONG    BUILDING        Lumbermen; 


•1875       KANSAS     CITY.    1VIO. 


Southern  Pine  Lumber  and  Timbers:  Creosoted  Lumber.Timbers,  Posts,  Poles, Ties, 
Piling  and  Wood  Blocks;  California  White  Pine  Lumber,  Sash  and  Doors,  Standard- 
ized Woodwork;  Southern  Hardwoods,  Oak  Flooring. 


Good    Carpentry 
Demands    Good    Tools 

Sandpaper  is  an  item  in  the  Carpenter's  kit  wherein  the  value 
of  quality  is  often  overlooked.  Good  sandpaper  is  the  finishing 
touch  that  makes  you  proud  of  the  job  you  create.  Specify  the 
Behr  Brands : 

BROOKLYN  Flint  and  Garnet  j 

and  you  will  get  the  best  that  modern  ingenuity  and  methods 
can  produce,  with  all  the  quality  of  fifty  years  of  manufacturing 
experience  behind  them.  Behr  sandpapers  cost  no  more  than  any 
others. 

Look  for  the  Behr  name,  stamped  on  the  bad:  of  every  sheet; 
::  5    .  w  •   guarantee  of  quality    and  perfect  satisfaction. 

HERMAN       BEHR       &       Co.,        Inc. 

31-63     Tiffany     Place,     Brooklyn,     New     York 


ll~2 


Pioneers    in    the  hrtpnyvement    of    Sandpapers   for    50    Years 


1922 


How  Carpenter  Smith  made  some  extra  money 


He  turned  Ms  practical  knowl- 
dge  of  building  to  his  own  ad- 
antage. 

When  he  saw  an  old.  worn-out 
oor.    he    showed    the    owner 
ow  much  he  could  improve  his 
tg  by   putting  in   special 
a  Oak  over  the  old  floor. 
g  ~ere  glad  to  put  in  Oak 
when  they  learned  its  advant- 
ages and  its  cost. 

Carpenter  Smith  got  the  car- 
penter work  involved  for  himself 
and  it  filled  in  nicely  between  his 
regular  jobs,  making  a  welcome 


addition    to    his    pay    envelope. 

You  can  do  the  same.  Oak 
Floors  are  easy  to  sell.  Talk  to 
your  best  friend  among  lumber 
dealers.  Write  us  for  our  three 
free  booklets,  which  give  you  all 
L^cessary  information  as  to 
grades  and  finishes,  a  man  can't 
carry  in  his  head. 

Many  of  our  friends  among 
carpenters  have  been  making 
extra  money  this  way  for 
years. 

Write  today.  The  bookie- 
are  free. 


OAK    FLOORING    ADVERT 


A  New  Shingle  Package 

Handy  on  the  Job 


Look  at  this  handy  package  of 
shingles!  It  contains  all  the 
barbed  zinc-coated  nails  neces- 
sary to  do  the  job  right.  And 
they're  in  the  bundle — on  the 
job  just  where  you  are  going 
to  use  them. 

You  can  see  by  the  illustration 
thattheyaresecurelypacked  be- 
tween the  shingles.  When  you 
open  the  package,  there  they 
are,  ready  for  use — no  worry- 
ing about  fixtures  when  you 
use  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles. 
This  makes  it 
much  easier       The  RUBE! 

for  your  men.  95  Madison  Ave 

Chicago 


These  shingles,  too,  are  easy 
to  lay — self-spacing,  with  no 
chalk  lines  necessary.  They  are 
extremely  durable,  and  make 
a  roof  of  attractive  and  mas- 
sive appearance.  The  red  and 
green  of  the  natural  crushed 
slate  surface,  and  the  patented 
shape  of  Ruberoid  Strip-shin- 
gles, make  them  particularly 
adapted  to  laying  in  special 
designs. 

Ask  your  building-supply  or 
lumber  dealer  for  a  folder  illus- 
trating Ruber- 
ROlD  Co.       oici  Strip-shin- 

nue,  New  York  gleS    in    Color. 


Boston 


SHINGLES  and  ROOFING 


ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP 

CONTRACTORS 

MAKE  $5,000  OR  MORE  YEARLY 


Many  of  our  agents 
are  making  big  money 
acting  as  weatherstrip 
contractor  -  agents. 
Homes,  office  build- 
ings, public  institu- 
tions —  all  need  this 
fuel  saving  equip- 
ment. Selling  and 
installing  weather- 
strip is  a  big  business. 

We    Set    You    Up    In 
Business 


"VTe  furnish  advertis- 
ing literature,  sales  letters,  estimate 
blanks  etc. — in  fact  everything  to  set 
ycm  up  in  business. 

The   Big   Fall    Boom    Is    Here 

Buildings  started  all  over  the  country  in  the  Spring 
and  Summer  will  be  ready  soon.  There's  a  wonder- 
ful opportunity  for  the  Weatherstrip  contractor-agent 
who  is  equipped  to  handle  this  work.  Present  indi- 
cations point  to  a  coal  shortage  this  winter.  Build- 
ing owners  will  want  to  conserve  heat.  Weatherstrip 
will  be  easy  to  sell. 

Equip  Old  Buildings  Also 

There  are  hundreds  of  older  homes  and  office  build- 
ings in  every  locality — many  being  remodeled  now, 
that  need  weatherstrip.  Fuel  saving  in  the  face  of  a 
shortage  makes  a  good  selling  wedge  for  the  weather- 
strip man.  Conserving  heat  will  be  the  first  con- 
sideration of  every  building   owner. 

Allmetal  Weatherstrip,  the  Architect's 
and    Contractor's    Choice 

Allmetal  has  been  on  the  market  for  so  many  years 
and  has  reendered  such  satisfaction  that  it  has  be- 
come the  favorite  weatherstrip  among  contractors  and 
architects.  The  building  world  knows  Allmetal  is 
the  one  weatherstrip  that  can  be  depended  upon  to 
give  everlasting  satisfaction. 

Besides  having  a  fine  income,  the  man  who  comes  with 
us  is  getting  into  a  business  of  his  own.  He  will  be 
his  own  boss.  Work  as  hard  as  he  pleases  and  earn 
as  much  money  as  he  pleases.  The  sky  is  the  limit. 
Don't  pass  up  this  opportunity.  Have  a  business  of 
your  own. 

Write  for  agent's  plan  today 


ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP  COMPANY 

1262  West  Kinzie  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

T~se  the  Coupon        ^___  

Allmetal  Weatherstrip  Company 

126I  West  Kinzie  Street      Chicago,  III 

Gentlemen  :  Please  send  to  me  without  ob- 
ligation complete  literature  and  selling  plan 
of  your  proposition. 


Name 
Street 


City 


C<^g©©LEY 


CHAIN 

Get  rid  of  the  trou-' 
blesome  and  unreliable 
sash  cord  and  stand- 
ardize on  the  moderr 
product.  A  c  c  o  Core 
Pulley  Chain.  This 
chain  is  guaranteed  to 
operate  over  any  comj 
mon  cord  pulley,  and 
is  stronger  and  more 
economical  than  sas!' 
cord. 


Acco  Cord  Pulley  Chaii 
conies  in  three  finishes — A.  C.  D 
(Coppered  Steel).  S.  R.  P.  (Specia 
Rust  Proof),  and  Hot  Galvanized 
Packed  100  feet  of  chain  with  4( 
weight  fixtures  in  strong  bag. 

American    Chain    Company,   In 

Bridgeport,  Conn, 

In   Canada:     DOMINION   CHAIN"   CO..1 

LIMITED,  Niagara  Falls,  Ont. 

District  Sales   Offices : 

Boston      Chicago      New  York      Philadelphl 

Pittsburgh       Portland,  Ore.       San  Francis 


■e> 


Q  *<> 


KEG.    XJ.   S.   PAT.    OFF. 


BRANCH   202-204    MARKET  ST. 


ST.   LOUIS 


"BAYONNE";! 

may     be      imitated     but 
it    cannot    be   duplicated 

Carpenters  and  builders  the  country  over 
hare  for  years  used  "Bayonne"  as  a  cov- 
ering for  the  roofs  and  floors  of  piazzas, 
sun  parlors,   sleeping  porches,  etc. 

It  is  absolutely  waterproof.  Requires  no, 
white  lead  bedding  yet  lays  flat.  It  has; 
proved    its    efficiency    by    long    years   of(i 


TTn're  to  the  manufacturers  for 
sample  book  "T" 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    I860 
DUANe'It.    NEW   YORK     REA7D°EZST. 


300  a  Month  Salary 
450  on  the  Side  at  Home 


Chief  Draftsman  OOBE 


That's  the  kind  of  money  my  drafting 
students  make.  Read  what  this  one  says: 

"As  a  beginner  I  am  doing  fine.  Am  earning  a 
salary  of  $300  per  month,  besides  I  made  over  $450  at 
home  the  last  two  months,  drawing  plans  for  private 
parties.  The  practical  drafting  training  you  gave  me 
by  mail  put  me  where  I  am  in  less  than  six  month's 
study.  Thank  you  for  all  your  personal  interest  and 
help  you  gave  me  so  far.-  {sigmd)    JR 

(Name  and  Address  upon  request) 


To  Train  You 
.  t  .  Until  You  Are 

Guarantee  ?lac^naE?si: 

hon  Paying  $250 
to  $300  a  Month 

^rite  and  I'll  tell  you  how  I  make  you  a  first-class,  big -money -earning 

1  Iraftsman  in  a  very  few  months !    I  do  this  by  a  method  no  other  man  nor  institution  can 
j  mitate.    I  give  you  personal  training  at  home  by  mail.    And  I  mean  just  what  I  say.    I  train 
!  ou  until  you  are  actually  placed  in  a  posi- 
I  ion  paying  from  $250  to  $300  a  month. 


« 


Six  thousand 
Hurry  up  and 


raftsmen  are  wanted  every  month. 
|  egister  so  you  can  start  earning. 

Free  *25  Outfit! 

Und  more— I  give  you  a  whole  set  of  drafting  tools 
j  le  minute  you  become  my  student.  You  get  every 
x>l  you  need.  A  magnificent  $25  set  of  instruments 
j  nth  which  to  build  your  success  in  draftmanship. 

'ake  this  offer  now— while  it  is  open.  Remember— 
le  draftsman  goes  up  and  up  to  the  fabulous  in- 
omes  of  engineers  and  architects.  And  I  start  you 
n  this  road— start  you  personally  and  stick  by  your 
Ude  until  success  is  yours. 

Free  Book! 

Bend  Coupon  TODAY  WGT 

<o  matter  what  plans  you  have  for  the  future.  Get 
lis  great  book — "Successful  Draftsmanship."  Find 
at  about  the  simply  marvelous  opportunities  ahead 
,ow.  How  the  world  needs  draftsmen,  engineers, 
;  rchitects  and  builders.  What  great  salaries  and  pos- 
bilit'es  there  are !  Send  coupon  for  free  book  today. 

Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

*pt.  5316        4001  Broadway  Chicago,  111. 


Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Dept.  5316    4001  Broadway,  Chicago,  mi nolfl 

Without  any  obligation  whatsoever,  please  mail  your  book, 
"Successful  Draftsmanship",  and  full  particulars  of  your 
liberal  "Personal  Instruction"  offer  to  few  students. 


Name. 


Address. 


Post  Office State. 


10  Reasons 

why  YOU  should  wear  them! 


"J  Made  of  good  heavy  qual- 
-*•  ity  drill  with  a  heavy  sail 
duck  swinging  nail  pouch — 
which  prevents  nails  from 
cutting  through. 

O  Special  safety  watch  pock- 
•"  et  conveniently  located. 

3  Nail  punch  pocket  where 
you  can  find  it. 

A  Nail  pouch  divided  for  4 
^  sizes  of  nails. 

Ej  Roomy-cut  front  pockets. 


£t  Widelegsandroomyseat. 
*-*  Full  cut  throughout;  dou- 
ble knee. 

*7  Rule  pocket  with  slant 
•   top  and  deep  enough  for 
new  style  rule. 
Q  Extra  wide  double  sus- 
0  penders. 

Q  High-back  style,  1-piece 
*^  protecting  practically  the 


entire  back. 

"1  f\  Two  hammer  loops- 
■*-"  which  keep  hammer 
from  swinging. 

"BOSS"  Carpenter  Overalls  are  recognized  as  the 
leading  Carpenter  Overalls  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
by  the  thousands  of  carpenters  who  wear  them. 

If  your  merchant  doesn't  carry  them— get  him  to 
order  you  a  pair,  or  write  us  direct  and  we  will 
send  them  to  him.  If  you  don't  like  them  they 
won't  cost  you  a  cent. 

COHN-GOLDWATER  CO. 

(MAKERS) 

LOS  ANGELES 


Today  a  Carpenter- 
Tomorrow—  what  i 

o 

Tomorrow — will  you  sign  your  own 
pay  check  ?  There  is  only  one  sure  way 
from  the  carpenter's  bench  to  the  con- 
tractor's chair — USE  THE  EXPERI- 
ENCE OF  OTHERS.  This  new  hand- 
book, just  published,  will  lay  at  your 
command  the  records,  the  experience,  the 
methods  of  scores  of  leading  engineering 
companies,  construction  engineers  and 
contractors. 


Arthur's     NEW 
ESTIMATORS' 


BUILDING 
HANDBOOK 


Over  1000  pages,  600  tables,  477  illustrations. 
Flexible  karatol,   gilt  edged,   $6.00. 

Kellogg's  LUMBER  and  ITS  USES 

Here  you  will  find  everything  you  should  know 
about  wood,  including  standard  size  of  lumber, 
paints  and  finishes  best  suited,  uses,  etc.  392 
pages,   cloth,   $2.00. 

See  either  of\ 
these  hooks  \ 
for  io  days. 

I  U.  P.  C.  Book  Co.,  Inc.     243  West  39  St.  New  York 

,       Send    me    for    FREE    EXAMINATION    the 

I  books    checked    below.      I    will    either    return 

them  or  remit  for  them  at  the  end  of  10  days. 

I     □  Building  Estimator,  $6.      Q  Lumber,  $2. 


|  Name   .. 
I  Address 


Subscriber  to  Carpenter?. 


.  Sept. 


r.  Carpenter 

Wouldn't  Yot 
Like  to  Be 
come  a  Con 
tractor  and  B< 
Your  O wr 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 
of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 
WEATHER- 
STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell  You 

1    ;;%.    About  "• 
£%M&mm®m      Write  Today. 


FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Ave.  Chicago 


in  Easy  Way 
d  Cut  a  Mortise 

:ry  carpenter  knows  what  it  costs  to 
a  mortise  the  old  fashioned  way.  Ji 
rly  "burns  up"  time.  Fitting  six  t" 
lit  locks  per  day  is  a  good  job; — n 
,cn  is  a  big  day's  work,  and  any 
Ips"  mean  costly  mistakes  and  delays. 
j  can  overcome  all  this,  and  cut  your 
rtlses  easier  and  more  accurately  with— 

The 

Champion  Mortiser 

automatic,  ball  bearing  machine  which 
kes  a  perfect  mortise  ten  Units  faster 
n  ordinary  hand  methods.  .Makes  I'm 
ui-cut  mortises  per  day  without  brace 

chisel,  or  other  tool.  Specially  adapl 
for  door  locks,  sashes,  sash  pulleys, 
■en  doors,  sliding  and  folding  doors. 
Inet  work.  etc. 


Quickly  adjusted  from 
round  hole  to  6 1-4" 
slot.  Accurately  and 
automatically  regulated 
by  graduated  scale.  Three 
speeds  for  different 
woods.  Uses  1-4",  3-8", 
UZ",  5-8",  and  3-4" 
hits,  also  special  sizes  up 
to  1  1-4".  Fully  guar- 
anteed for  one  year. 
You  take  no  risks.  Sat- 
isfaction guaranteed  or 
money  refunded.  Sent 
('.  O.  D.  on  ten  days 
trial.  Price  completo 
$35.00  including  any  two 
of  the  above  bits.  Addi- 
tional bits  $1.50  each. 
Order  today.  Don't  wait. 
Our  guarantee  protects 
you. 

COLGAN     MACHINE     &. 

SUPPLY  CO. 

902    Hayden     Bldg., 

Columbus,  Ohio. 


When 

You  Want 
The  Best 


Ask  for 

The    GRIFFITH     Master 
Builder  — ■  for    64    years 
known    as    the    GERMAN- 
TOWN   Master   Builder.      If 
you  cannot  be  supplied  at  your 
local  dealer's,  send  for  the  Mas- 
ter   Builder   Catalog   of   Hammers 
and  Hatchets. 

Griffith  Tool  Works 

PHILADELPHIA,  PA. 

Branch:  4139  W.  Kinzie  St.  CHICAGO 

LOOK  FOR  THIS  TRADE  MARK 
On  The  Tool 


GRIFFITH, 

MASTER 
BUILDER, 


The  Letter  That  Saved 
Bob  Johnson's  Job 

—and  paved  the  way 
for  a  better  one! 

IT  was  written  to  his  employer  by  the  Inter- 
national Correspondence  Schools.  It  told  how 
"Robert  Johnson  had  enrolled  for  a  course  of 
home-study  and  had  received  a  mark  of  94  for 
his  first  lesson." 

_  Bob  answered  the  summons  to  the  Chief's  office  with  just  a 
little  fear  and  trembling,  for  a  lot  of  men  were  being 
dropped — a  lot  more  were  having  their  pay  reduced. 

But  as  Bob  came  in,  his  employer  did  a  surprising  thing. 
He  got  up  quickly  from  his  desk  and  grasped  Bob  warmly  by 
the  hand. 

"I  want  to  congratulate  you,  young  man,  on  the  marly 
you  are  making  with  the  I.  C.  S.  I  am  glad  to  see  that  you 
are  training  yourself  not  only  for  your  present  job  but  for  the 
job  ahead. 

"We're  cutting  the  pay-roll.  Until  I  received  this  letter, 
I  had  you  in  mirrd  as  one  of  the  men  to  be  dropped.  But  not 
now.  Keep  on  studying — keep  your  eyes  open — and  pretty 
soon  there'll  be  a  still  better  job  for  you  around  here.  We're 
always  looking  for  trained  men." 

Won't  you  let  the  I.  C.  S.  help  you,  too?  Won't  you  trade 
a  few  hours  of  your  spare  time  for  a  good  job,  a  good  salary 
and  the  comforts  that  go  with  it?  Then  mark  the  work  you 
like  best  on  the  coupon  below  and  mail  it  to  Scranton  today. 
That  doesn't  obligate  you  in  the  least,  but  it  will  be  your 
first  big  step  towards  success.    Do  it  now! 

iNTEMATlONATToRRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS 


BOX  8840 

Explain,  without  obligating  me 
or  in  the  subject,  before  which  I 
3  ARCHITECT 
3  Architectural  Draftsman 
3  Contractor  and  Builder 
3  Building  Foreman 
3  Concrete  Builder 
^Structural  Engineer 
^Structural  Draftsman 
3  Plumber  and  Steam  Fitter 
3 Heating  and  Ventilation 
I]  Plumbing  Inspector 
3  Foreman  Plumber 

B Sheet  Metal  Worker 
CIVIL  ENGINEER 
^Surveying  and  Mapping 
UELE0TRI0AL  ENGINEER 
DEIoctric  Lightingand  Rys. 
3  Electric  Wiring 
3  Telegraph  Engineer 
3 Telephone  Work 
3  MECHANICAL  ENGINEER 
3  Mechanical  Draftsman 
DToolmaker 
UShip  Draftsman 
3  Machine  Shop  Practice 
3  CHEMIST 
I]  Pharmacy 

Name 


SCRANTON,  PA. 

.  how  I  can  qualify  for  the  position, 
mark  X. 

□  Navigation 
D  SALESMANSHIP 

□  ADVERTISING 
n  Window  Trimmer 

□  Show  Card  and  Sign  Painting 

□  BUSINESS  MANAGEMENT 
Q  Private  Secretary 
rn  Business  Correspondent 

□  BOOKKEEPER 

B  Stenographer  and  Typist 
Higher  Accounting 

□  COMMERCIAL  LAW 
rj  Common  School  Subject* 
n  Mathematics 
nGOOD  ENGLISH 
H  ILLUSTRATING 
n  Railway  Mail  Clerk 
H  CIVIL  SERVICE 
HmINE  FOREMAN  OR  ENGINEER 
H  Gas  Engine  Operating 
M  STATIONARY  ENGINEER 
NTextile  Overseer  or  Supt. 
H TRAFFIC  MANAGER 
HaCTOMORII.es         !□  Spanish 


{actomorii.es 
agriculture 


B  AUKIUUI/IUKK 
Poultry  Raising 


j  Tewher 
]  Bulking 


Present 
Occupation- 
Street 
and  No 


City- 


Business 
-Address— 


Canadians  may  send  this  coupon  to  International 
Correspondence  Schools  Canadian,  Limited,  Montreal,  Canada 


SA  R  G   E   NT 


i-  O  C  K  S         A  NIP  HA    Ft    O    W     i     B 


m^ 

l 

~rmn 

The  KIND  Of  TOOLS 
GOOD  WORK- 
MEN USE 

The  pride  a  man  takes  in 
his  kit  is  wholly  justifiable 
when  his  tools  are  Sargent. 
In  design,  in  materials  and  in 
finish  they  live  up  to  the 
•Sargent  reputation  for  the 
truest  and  best  in  tools  and 
hardware.  And  they  have, 
besides,  exclusive  features 
that  will  save  you  time  and 
make  your  work  more  satis- 
factory. 

Sargent    Framing    Squares 

do  away  with  figuring  when 
getting  lengths  and  cuts  of 
hip.  valley,  jack  and  com- 
mon rafters.  The  tables  on 
these  squares  give  you  the 
desired  figures — at  once  and 
accurately. 

Sargent&   Company 

Hardware  Manufacturers 
55  Water  Street  New   Haven,  Conn. 

SARGENT  FRAMING 
SQUARES 

give  you  at  a  glance  the  nec- 
essary figures  on  lengths  or 
rafters.  Made  of  time-tried 
material. 


P~ 


',  r-v..r.—  ■ 


SAVE 
MONEY 


SAVE 
TIMBER 


The  best  method  of  splicing  tim- 
ber on  scaffolding,  shoring,  prop- 
ping, etc.  Write  for  further  infor- 
mation today. 


SCHENK 

TIMBER  CLAMP  CORP 

Managed  bt)  Cosmopolitan  Industries  Inc. 

501  FIFTH  AVE.  NEW  YORK 


YANKEE 

4® 


"ZS 


The  world's 
most  pop- 
ular watch 
— more  than  fifty 
million  sold. 
Sturdy,  reasonable,  reliable, 
good-looking,  it  carries  a 
sound  guarantee. 

The  Yankee  Eadiolite  is 
the  same  watch  but  tells 
time  in  the  dark,  §2.50. 

The  Ingersoll  Waterbnry 
is  the  styleish  12  —  size. 
Four  jewels,  $4.00.  With 
Radiolite  figures  and  hands, 
§o.00. 

Ingersoll  Watch  Co.,  Inc. 

New  York  Chicago 

San   Francisco 


Other  Ingersolis  up  to  *923 


A  MODERN  AND  BETTER 
WEATHERSTRIP 

Sager  Metal  Interlocking  Weath- 
erstrip has  stood  the  test  where 
others  have  failed  and  is  growing 
more  popular  every  day. 


Contractors  and 
builders  will  find 
Sager  Metal  Weath- 
erstrip the  best  side 
line  in  the  building 
business.  The  sell- 
ing and  installing  of 
this  product  will 
keep  you  busy  and 
bring  an  increase  in 
p  r  o  fi  t  s  that  will 
please. 

SOME  GOOD 

TERRITORY 

OPEN  FOR 

LIVE  AGENTS 

Sager  Metal 
Weatherstrip    Co. 

164    W.    Austin 
Ave.,   Chicago. 


A  HUTHER  BROTHERS  DADO  HEAD 

INSURES  THE  LOWER  PRODUCTION 

COST  NECESSARY  FOR  REDUCED 

PRICES 


Huther  Brothers  Dado  Head  possesses 
advantages  unknown  to  similar  types  of 
saws.  There  are  two  reasons  for  this  : 
First,  because  we  were  the  patentees  of 
this  type  of  saw.  Second,  because  the 
full  knowledge  gained  from  fifty  years' 
experience  in  manufacturing  saws  is  ap- 
plied to  the  manufacture  of  every  one. 

I A  Huther  Dado  Head  will  greatly  sim- 
plify intricate  cutting  and  grooving.  It 
consists  of  two  outside  cutters  and  as 
many  inside  cutters  as  required.  Cut- 
ters may  be  used  singly  or  in  pairs. 

Suther  Brothers  Dado  Head  is  sold  un- 
ler  an  ironclad  guarantee.  We  will 
cheerfully  send  one  on  approval  to  any 
"esponsible  party.  If  not  satisfactory  in 
'very  respect  it  may  be  returned  at  our 
•xpense. 

Mfrite  for  illustrated  catalog  showing 
'•omplete  line  of  Huther  Brothers  Saws. 


Huther  Bros.  Saw  Mig.  Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


Become  a  Building 
Expert  by  Home  Study 

If  you  are  ambitious  to  make  more 
money,  you  must  get  the  training  that 
will  make  you  worth  more.  It's  the 
man  who  best  uses  his  head  that  be- 
comes foreman  and  superintendent  or 
who  gets  the  most  business  as  a  con- 


in     Spare    Time 


tractor. 

Train 

The  Chicago  "Tech"  experts  will 
train  you  by  mail  in  the  higher 
branches  of  building.  They  will  give 
you  the  practical  knowledge  you  need 
to  command  big  pay  or  to  make  the 
most  out  of  a  business  of  your  own. 
The  cost  is  small,  the  terms  are  easy. 

Some  of  the  Subjects  We  Teach 

Plan  Reading.  How  to  read  a  building  plan.  How  10 
read  dimensions.  How  to  read  detail  drawings.  How 
to  lay  out  work  from  plans.  How  to  stake  out  build- 
ings. Practice  in  reading  complete  blue  print  plans 
from  basement  to  roof.   etc..   etc. 

Estimating.  Figuring  amount  and  cost  of  materials. 
Estimating  time  and  labor.  How  to  figure  carpenter 
work  such  as  stairs,  roofing,  ratters,  etc.  Millwork: 
window  and  door  frames,  mouldings,  cornices,  etc. 
All  about  the  steel  square.  Lathing  and  plastering. 
Excavations.  Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work.  Fire- 
proofing.  Glazing,  Plumbing.  Heating.  Wiring, 
etc.,   etc. 

Superintending.  Methods  of  work  on  all  classes  of 
buildings.  Uses  and  preparation  of  all  kinds  of  ma- 
terial.    Hiring  and  handling  men. 

Also  Special  Courses  in  Architectural  Drafting  and 
in  Plumbing  and  Heating  and  Ventilating — all  taught 
by  practical  men. 

T?0  1?  17  Trial 
Jt1  XVErfl^  Lesson 

Send  the  coupon  and  get  our 
free  trial  lesson  which  will 
show  just  how 
we  train  men 
by  mail.  We 
also  send  cata- 
log and  full  in- 
formation about 
the  cost  and 
easy    terms. 

CHICAGO  TECHNICAL  COLLEGE, 

939  Chicago   "Tech"   Building,   Chicago. 
Without    obligation    on    me    please    send     Free    Trial 
Lesson    on    the   course   I   have   marked    X    below. 

Q       Plan  Reading  and  Estimating. 
Architectural  Drafting. 

Name     

Address     

Post   Office   State 

Occupation     


When  You  Buy  a  Saw. 

71TK7"HEN  you  buy  a  saw  have  you  ever  noticed 
*  *  that  the  hardware  dealer  is  glad  to  sell  you 
a  Disston? 

He  does  this  because  he  knows  that— 

1)  Disston  Saws  have  successfully  met 
the  greatest  test  for  any  product  — 
hard  service  over  a  period  of  years. 
Disston  Saws  have  been  growing  in 
popularity  for  82  years. 

2)  He  is  selling  you  a  tool  that  -will 
give  such  good  service  that  you  will 
buy  at  his  store  when  you  need  tools 
in  the  future. 

Carpenters  find  that  they  can  keep  their  saws 
in  the  best  condition  by  using  Disston  Saw 
Files,  the  Triumph  Saw-Set,  and  the  Disston 
D-3  Saw-Filing  Guide. 

If  you  want  more  information  about 

these  tools,  see  your  dealer 

or  write  to  Desk  I. 


Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Inc., 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


Entered  July  22, 191 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter, under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 

Acceptance  for  mailing  at  SDecial  rate  of  oostage  Drovided  for  in   Section  1103,  act  of 
October  3.  1917.  authorized  on  July  8.  1918. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters.  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  America,  at 

Carpenters' Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 

established  in  1881 
Vol.  XLII — No.   9 


INDIANAPOLIS.  SEPTEMBER,  1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Tear 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


S*o»B£  mv.  mn:  ^«**:  :m< :  «*  "■***  %»  «»  <+>  <♦>  <♦>  <♦>  •<♦>..  :  m<  3aBoaB&  wm 

i 


The  Conqueror 

It's  easy  to  laugh  when  the  skies  are  blue 

And  the  sun  is  shining  bright; 
Yes,  easy  to  laugh  when  your  friends  are  true 

And  there's  happiness  in  sight; 
But  when  hope  has  fled  and  the  skies  are  gray, 
And  the  friends  of  the  past  have  turned  away, 
Ah,  then  indeed  it's  a  hero's  feat 
To  conjure  a  smile  in  the  face  of  defeat. 

It's  easy  to  laugh  when  the  storm  is  o'er 

And  your  ship  is  safe  in  port; 
Yes,  easy  to  laugh  when  you're  on  the  shore 

Secure  from  the  tempest's  sport; 
But  when  wild  waves  wash  o'er  the  storm-swept  deck 
And  your  gallant  ship  is  a  battered  wreck, 
Ah,  that  is  the  time  when  it's  well  worth  while 
To  look  in  the  face  of  defeat  with  a  smile. 

It's  easy  to  laugh  when  the  battle's  fought 

And  you  know  that  the  victory's  won; 
Yes,  easy  to  laugh  when  the  prize  you  sought 

Is  yours  when  the  race  is  run; 
But  here's  to  the  man  who  can  laugh  when  the  blast 
Of  adversity  blows;  he  will  conquer  at  last. 
For  the  hardest  man  in  the  world  to  beat 
Is  the  man  who  can  laugh  in  the  face  of  defeat. 

Emil  Carl  Aurin  in  Forbes. 


m 


1 


timmmmmmmtmmmmmmm^:**  <^.mmm^m^m^mmmmmm& 


12 


THE     CARPENTER 


HISTORY  OF  LABOR  DAY 


ABOR  DAY,  1922,  is  the 
twenty  eighth  annual  cele- 
bration of  Labor  Day  as  a 
legal  national  holiday. 

The  history  of  Labor 
Day  is  significant  of  the 
increasing  strength  and  progress  of  Or- 
ganized Labor. 

Labor  Day  evolved  from  the  aspira- 
tion of  the  labor  movement;  it  was  not 
handed  down  as  a  present.  Its  recogni- 
tion as  a  legal  holiday  was  won  by  labor ; 
it  was  not  given  to  labor. 

The  united  voluntary  efforts  of  the 
workers  themselves  established  Labor 
Day  as  a  national  holiday  long  before 
any  State  Legislature  or  the  National 
Legislature  enacted  the  custom  into 
statute  law. 

But  the  history  of  the  statute  law  is 
in  itself  significant ;  it  indicates  the  ever 
increasing  influence  of  the  economic  or- 
ganization of  labor  over  the  delibera- 
tions of  law  makers. 

The  Labor  Day  idea  was  organized  by 
P.  J.  McGuire,  founder  of  the  United 
Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America  and  for  many  years  First 
Vice-President  of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  New  York  City 
Central  Labor  Union,  held  on  May  8, 
1SS2,  McGuire  urged  the  propriety  of 
setting  aside  one  day  in  the  year  as  a 
general  holiday  for  the  laboring  people. 
He  suggested  that  it  be  called  "Labor 
Day." 

The  idea  was  adopted  by  the  Central 
Labor  Unions,  and  it  staged  a  Labor  Day 
parade  and  festival  on  the  first  Monday 
in  September,  1882. 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor  en- 
dorsed the  national  Labor  Day  holiday 
at  its  1884  Convention,  held  at  Chicago. 
The  Convention  unanimously  adopted 
the  following  resolution,  introduced  by 
A.  C.  Cameron,  delegate  from  the  Chi- 
cago Trades  and  Labor  Alliance : 

"Resolved,  That  the  first  Monday  in 
September  of  each  year  be  set  apart  as 


a  laborer's  national  holiday,  and  ths 
we  recommend  its  observance  by  a 
wage  workers,  irrespective  of  sex,  cal 
ing,  or  nationality." 

Through  the  activity  of  the  State  Fe< 
erations  of  Labor  and  the  Central  Lab* 
Bodies  the  Labor  Day  demand  sprea 
from  city  to  city  and  state  to  state. 

Many  Municipal  Councils  and  Stat 
Legislatures  made  it  a  legal  holiday. 

Oregon  was  the  first  state  to  acced 
to  labor's  demand  that  Labor  Day  b 
made  a  state  holiday.  The  Oregon  La 
bor  Day  law  was  signed  by  the  Govern< 
on  February  21,  1887.  The  Legislator 
of  Colorado,  Massachusetts,  New  Jerse 
and  New  York  also  made  Labor  Day 
state  holiday  in  1887.  Connecticu: 
Nebraska  and  Pennsylvania  followed  i 
1889;  Iowa  and  Ohio  in  1890;  Georgi; 
Illinois,  Indiana,  Kansas,  Maine,  Mon 
tana,  New  Hampshire,  South  Carolim 
Tennessee  and  Washington  in  1891 
Alabama,  Louisiana,  Utah  and  Virgini 
in  1892  and  California,  Delaware 
Florida,  Minnesota,  Rhode  Island,  Texa 
and  Wisconsin  in  1893. 

In  the  meantime  American  Federatio 
of  Labor  officials  sought  congressiona 
legislation  to  make  Labor  Day  a  lega 
national  holiday,  in  conformity  with  th 
resolution  of  the  1884  Convention.  Th 
bill  became  a  law  ten  years  later, 
passed  Congress  on  June  28,  1894. 

On  June  29,  1894,  President  Clevelam 
signed  the  Labor  Day  law  in  the  pres 
ence  of  Amos  J.  Cummings,  representa 
tive  in  Congress  from  New  York  City 
Mr.  Cummings  presented  the  pen  an< 
penholder  used  by  President  Clevelam 
to  President  Gompers. 

In  his  annual  report  to  the  1894  A.  I 
of  L.  Convention  President  Gompers  said 

"National  Labor  Day — It  affords  rrn 
pleasure  to  be  able  to  report  that  th< 
demand  made  by  the  A.  F.  of  L.  fo: 
making  the  first  Monday  in  Septernbe: 
of  each  year  a  legal  holiday  passec 
Congress  and  was  made  a  law  on  Jun< 
29,  1894." 


OUR  POSITION  PROVEN 

(By  Geo.  Lakey,  Second  General  Vice-President.) 


fcf/Tpe 


iOEL  Sargent,  writing  for 
the  open  shop  department 
of  the  National  Associa- 
tion of  Manufacturers,  in 
the  June,  1922,  number  of 
the  "Constructor  Special 
Building  Issue,"  goes  into  an  exhaustive 


digest  of  the  open  shop  principle  anc 
quotes  excerpts  as  far  back  as  1902; 
when  President  Roosevelt  dealt  with  tin 
strike  of  the  anthracite  miners  and  told 
"Divine  Right  Baer,"  where  he  "fit  in" 
with  that  doctrine ;  then  follows  it  up  with 
carefully  selected  excerpts  and  tables  in 


THE    CARPENTER 


13 


an  attempt  to  prove  there  is  more  pros- 
perity in  "open  shop"  towns,  that  rents 
are  lower,  that  per  capita  building  per- 
mits are  greater,  that  bank  deposits  are 
larger  and  idleness  less  in  fifteen  cities 
selected,  in  what  he  calls  "open  shop" 
towns;  he  then  sets  out  a  list  of  fifteen 
cities  where,  what  he  terms  closed  shop, 
conditions  prevail,  and  tries  to  prove 
that  the  opposite  conditions  prevail. 
Well,  first  we  note  he  leaves  New  York 
City  out  because  to  include  it  would  up- 
set his  figures.  He  tries  to  justify  this 
exception  by  stating  a  law  was  passed 
exempting  taxes  on  certain  buildings  and 
that  this  has  brought  about  an  extreme- 
ly prosperous  conditions  in  the  State  of 
New  York,  and  of  course  he,  in  makins 
an  "open  shop"  argument,  could  not  use 
a  state  as  prosperous  as  New  York  be- 
cause prosperity  and  "open  shop"  do  not 
go  hand  in  hand. 

In  his  brief  for  the  "open  shop,"  he 
makes  the  claim  that  "closed  shop  con- 
ditions increase  rents"  and  says : 

"Less  building  in  towns  where  con- 
struction is  on  a  closed  shop  basis 
means,  of  course,  the  erection  of  fewer 
dwellings  and  higher  rents,"  and  also 
enumerates  the  percentage  of  increase 
in  the  cities  wherein  the  increase  has 
taken  place,  these  he  terms  "closed  shop 
cities."  Among  the  "closed  shop  cities" 
mentioned  he  cites  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Yet  it  is  classed,  by  no  less  a  personage 
than  Andrew  J.  Allen,  Secretary  and 
chief  propagandist  of  "The  Associated 
Employers  of  Indianapolis,  Inc.,  as  an 
"open  shop"  city  and  why  Mr.  Sargent 
should  differ  with  so  learned  a  collab- 
orator we  are  at  a  loss  to  understand. 
As  to  building  construction  in  Indian- 
apolis, we  quote  from  such  authority  as 
Leonard  P.  Ayres,  economist  for  the 
Cleveland  Trust  Company  of  Cleveland, 
0.,  who  says  in  part: 

"Building  construction  in  Indianapolis 
is  so  far  behind  its  normal  rate  that  the 
city  building  industry  would  have  to 
work  at  25  per  cent  above  normal  for  a 
period  of  nine  years  to  make  up  the 
deficit." 

We  notice,  that  in  choosing  his 
figures  he  takes  1920-1921  when  reac- 
tion was  at  its  height.  Take  the  same 
cities  and  average  them  for  a  period  of 
say  ten  years,  and  his  figures  would  be 
all  wrong.  Let  us  take  his  statement 
that  rents  are  higher  in  closed  shop 
towns.    What  makes  rents.    A  profitable 


return  on  an  investment  and  a  demand 
to  support  it,  for  when  the  needs  of  any 
city  in  building  become  such  that  build- 
ing as  an  investment  is  profitable  then 
there  is  more  building  of  the  kind  that 
pays  best.  This  is  a  law  of  supply  and 
demand  and  is  not  governed  by  contrac- 
tors or  unions,  but  by  the  insistent  de- 
mand of  the  public. 

The  best  argument  for  men  to  orga- 
nize is  made  in  his  table  of  wages,  where 
he  takes  five  basic  building  trades  and 
the  hod  carriers  and  goes  on  to  show  that 
the  average  wage  per  hour  in  the  "open 
shop"  towns  is  87c  per  hour,  while  the 
wages  in  the  closed  shop  towns  is  $1.01 
per  hour.  We  have  stated  for  years  that 
it  costs  a  man  about  14c  per  hour  to  not 
belong  to  the  union  and  now  he  comes 
along  and  proves  it.  We  note  that 
for  his  "open  shop"  argument  he  picks  a 
group  of  cities  of  about  half  the  size  in 
population  and  importance  as  the  group 
he  calls  the  "closed  shop"  cities,  and  he 
carefully  selects  those  affected  by  sea- 
sonal or  single  industrial  conditions ;  for 
instance  Akron,  O.,  a  rubber  town,  and 
when  was  it  in  worse  industrial  shape 
than  in  1920-21?  Detroit,  an  automo- 
bile town ;  Grand  Rapids,  a  furniture 
town ;  Los  Angeles,  a  tourist  city ;  when 
were  these  cities  ever  in  the  condition 
industrially  they  were  when  he  chose 
those  figures.  The  places  he  chose 
to  call  "closed  shop"  cities,  without  ex- 
ception, weathered  the  return  to  nor- 
malcy and  are  now  further  on  the  road 
to  prosperity  as  far  as  building  is  con- 
cerned, than  any  of  the  so-called  "open 
shop"  towns  as  he  chooses  to  call  them. 

We  could  point  to  other  figures  got- 
ten out  by  Leonard  P.  Ayres.  economist 
for  the  Cleveland  Trust  Company  of 
Cleveland,  O.,  showing  the  needs  of  the 
country  and  not  in  any  hand  picked 
group  of  cities  and  suggest  that  the  best 
road  to  progress  is  to  build  what  the 
country  needs,  that  is  constructive 
progress,  and  what  the  whole  country  is 
crying  for.  The  employers  have  their 
associations,  combinations,  etc.  We  do 
not  deny  them  that  right.  We  will  have 
our  unions  for  our  protection  and  we  will 
not  be  denied  that  right.  We  have  not 
the  space  to  analyze  Mr.  Sargent's  dis- 
cussion in  its  entirety,  but  we  are  sat- 
isfied that  the  reader  who  is  impressed 
with  his  auicle  is  one  who  is  already 
biased  or  one  who  does  not  investigate 
as  he  should. 


M 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


ENTERING  A  PROSPEROUS   BUILDING   ERA 
(By  Stanley  Gibson.) 


E  have  in  the  past  tried  to 
point  out  to  our  members 
that  we  are  only  now  en- 
tering a  prosperous  build- 
ing era  and  to  prove  our 
contention  we  quote  from 
compiled  by  the  Cleveland 
Trust  Company,  of  Cleveland,  O..  sup- 
plemented by  charts  showing  building 
shortage  for  ten  East  North  Central 
cities.      The    charts    show    the    building 


statistics 


Per  capita  value  of  building  permits 
is  shown  by  heavy  black  lines ;  general 
trend  based  on  prewar  records  by 
straight  dashed  and  dotted  lines,  and 
computed  shortage  by  shaded  portions. 

depression  for  ten  cities  in  the  Middle 
West,  revealing  the  number  of  years 
which  each  is  behind,  the  normal  rate 
of  construction  being  decided  upon  a 
base  of  figures  in  each  city  covering  a 
period  of  twenty-two  years. 

Leonard  P.  Ayres.  the  bank's  econom- 
ist, estimated  the  building  construction  of 
those  years  covered  by  the  World  War 
at  the  normal  peace  rate,  and  on  this 
basis  found  the  difference  between  the 
actual     construction     figures     and     that 


which  would  have  taken  place  had  ther 
been  no  war.  This  difference  is  the  es- 
timated shortage. 

The  charts  show  the  building  depre* 
sion  for  ten  cities  in  the  Middle  Wesi 
revealing  the  number  of  years  whic 
each  is  behind,  the  normal  rate  of  con 
struetion  being  decided  upon  a  base  a 
figures  in  each  city  covering  a  period  0 
twenty-two  years. 

Almost  every  one  of  the  cities  show 
a  large  accumulated  shortage,  which  be 
gan  to  be  evident  about  1916  and  ha 
increased  every  year  since  then.  Th 
shortage  for  an  entire  group  of  fift; 
cities  is  so  great  that  it  would  requir 
the  full-time  efforts  of  the  building  in 
dustry  for  nearly  two  and  one-half  year 
to  make  it  up.  Stated  in  another  wa; 
this  means  that  the  builders  and  con 
tractors  would  have  to  work  at  25  pe 
cent  above  their  normal  rate  for  te: 
years  to  fill  the  existing  deficit. 

The  greatest  indicated  shortage  L' 
that  of  Portland.  Ore.,  amounting  to  3A 
years.  That  of  Indianapolis  is  2.3  years 
This  city  ranks  twenty -fifth  among  th* 
fifty  cities  in  this  respect,  with  twenty 
four  cities  having  greater  relative  short- 
ages and  twenty-five  having  smallei 
ones.  The  most  serious  building  defi- 
cits are  in  the  citie<  of  the  YVesterr 
group,  while  the  least  shortage  exists 
among  the  cities  of  the  middle  Atlantic 
section. 

The  average  value  of  the  new  con- 
struction begun  each  year  in  these 
cities  from  1900  to  1916  was  about  $31 
for  each  person  in  the  population,  bm 
there  was  a  '  great  difference  between 
the  cities.  The  highest  average  annual 
per  capita  expenditure  was  that  of  Loa 
Angeles,  where  it  was  .'564.  and  the 
lowest  that  of  Lowell.  Mass..  where  it 
was  only  §12.  This  wide  range  of  ex-: 
penditures  for  new  building  is  partly 
due  to  the  varying  rates  of  growth  of; 
different  cities  and  partly  to  the  great 
differences  in  the  quality  of  buildings 
that  are  erected  in  different  sorts  of 
cities. 

In  general  the  per  capita  expenditure 
for  building  is  found  to  be  increasing 
even  after  full  allowance  has  been  made 
for  the  changing  cost  of  building  and 
the  growth  of  the  cities.  The  report 
explains  this  as  due  to  the  rising  stan- 
dard    of    housing    in    American    cities. 


THE     CARPENTER 


15 


)uring  the  past  quarter  of  a  century 
new  type  of  dwelling  house  has  come 
atp  existence  in  this  country  that  is 
auch  finer  than  any  that  has  heretofore 
ieen  available  for  any  except  wealthy 
teople.  It  has  hardwood  floors,  steam 
teat,  modern  plumbing,  electric  light- 
rig,  improved  windows  and  a  complete- 
f  finished  basement.  These  improve- 
oents  are  now  being  incorporated  even 
a  houses  occupied  by  people  of  the  mod- 
st  incomes.  Similar  changes  are  tak- 
ag  place  in  business,  industrial  and 
tublic  structures  and  these  improve- 
aents  in  the  general  standards  of  Anier- 
2an  building  largely  account  for  the 
ising  expenditure. 

i  One  interesting  feature  of  the  report 
s  a  chart  showing  the  changes  in  the 
ost  of  building  since  1840.  This  shows 
hat  the  increase  in  the  cost  of  building 


during  the  Civil  War  was  relatively  about 
the  same  as  it  was  during  and  following 
the  World  War.  After  the  Civil  War 
building  costs  fell  irregularly  for  about 
fifteen  years :  whether  or  not  a  similar 
protracted  decline  is  to  be  expected  this 
time  is  not  yet  prophesied  by  the  report. 

The  fifty  cities  studied  include  in  their 
populations  about  one-fourth  of  all  the 
people  in  this  country.  The  estimated 
shortage  of  building  in  them  is  so  great 
that  it  would  apparently  require  about 
1,250,000  building  operations  to  make 
it  up.  About  700,000  of  these  operations 
would  consist  of  the  erecting  of  new 
buildings,  while  the  remaining  ones 
would  call  for  additions,  alterations,  etc. 
Of  the  700,000  new  buildings  about 
300,000  would  be  residences  and  a  ma- 
jority of  the  rest  would  be  garages. 


THE  PLACE  OF  COOPERATION  IN  THE  LABOR  MOVEMENT 

(By  Albert  F.  Coyle.) 


HETHER  in  time  of  in- 
dustrial peace  or  during 
occaisional  conflict,  the 
most  valuable  ally  of  Or- 
ganized Labor  is  the  co-op- 
erative movement.  They 
re  inseparably  linked  together,  support- 
d  by  the  same  people,  and  strive  to  at- 
ain  the  same  aims,  both  in  their  mater- 
il  and  spiritual  goals.  Materially  they 
oth  seek  a  decent  standard  of  living  for 
he  producing  classes:  co-operation  by 
/ages  wisely  and  economically  through 
upplying  themselves  with  the  necess- 
ities of  life  at  cost ;  unionism  by  raising 
he  workei's'  wages  to  the  point  where, 
'hey  will  purchase  a  better  living.  Like- 
rise  both  movements  aim  to  establish 
ndustrial  democracy :  co-operation  by 
:nabling  the  workers  to  mobilize  their 
unds  and  operate  their  own  shops ;  Or- 
ganized Labor  by  obtaining  from  pri- 
vate employers  a  voice  in  determining 
the  conditions  under  which  men  will 
.rork  and  the  use  that  is  made  of  their 
ibor.  On  the  spiritual  side  co-operation 
nd  unionism  alike  are  to  realize  a  bro- 
herhood  of  all  producing  classes,  to  the 
nd  that  industry  may  be  conducted  for 
he  welfare  of  all  and  not  for  the  selfish 
;  nrichment  of  a  few.  In  brief,  these 
wo  movements  voice  the  united  protest 
;f  the  workers  both  as  producers  and 
onsumers.  They  constitute  a  revolt 
gainst  low  wages,  high  prices  and  hu- 
lan  greed ;  against  exploitation  by  those 


who  control  industry  and  the  distribu- 
tion of  its  production.  The  one  supreme 
principle  motivating  both  Organized  La- 
bor and  co-operation  is  to  create  a  just 
social  order. 

Co-operation  and  trade  unionism  were 
both  born  from  the  same  great  industrial 
cause — an  economic  system  which  kept 
men  poor  when  fully  employed  and  left 
them  destitute  when  unemployed.  In- 
deed, the  first  permanently  successful 
co-operative  society  in  England  grew 
out  of  a  weavers'  strike  at  Rockdale  in 
1843.  The  workers  had  struck  against 
a  reduction  in  wages  which  would  leave 
them  only  four  to  six  shillings  a  week. 
They  had  lost  because  the  employers 
were  able  to  starve  them  out.  Then 
twenty-eight  of  them,  all  poor  men, 
were  brought  together  with  the  idea  that 
what  would  amount  to  an  increase  in 
wages  could  be  accomplished  by  lessen- 
ing the  cost  of  living  through  a  co-op- 
erative store.  They  saved  their  pennies 
and  with  a  capital  of  less  than  $135 
formed  the  Rochdale  Society  of  Equit- 
able Pioneers.  From  that  small  seed 
has  grown  the  great  British  Co-Opera- 
tive  Movement  of  today,  embracing  four 
million  heads  of  families  in  the  United 
Kingdom,  and  supplying  over  half  the 
people  of  the  country  with  the  neces- 
sities of  life  at  cost  of  production,  with- 
out profit  or  graft  to  private  individuals. 

Throughout  Europe  co-operation  and 
the  labor  movement  have  gone  hand  in 


16 


THE     CARPE  X  1  E  R 


hand.  In  Belgium  tbe  workers'  co-op- 
eratives and  the  labor  political  party  are 
united  with  the  trade  union  organiza- 
tion. In  Germany.  Britain.  Italy  and 
other  countries  the  union  is  so  close  that 
the  same  officials  often  serve  both  or- 
ganizations in  different  capacities.  The 
British  Trades  Union  Congress  has 
passed  thirty  resolutions  since  1S74  de- 
claring  in    favor    of   mutual   action   be- 


tween the  co-operatives  and  Organized 
Labor.  The  annual  Congresses  of  both 
organizations  exchange  fraternal  dele- 
gates. Acting  together,  they  have 
formed  the  United  Council  of  Co-Op- 
erators and  Trade  Unionists,  created  by 
the  same  economic  causes,  striving  to. 
remove  the  same  economic  evils,  and 
composed  of  the  same  great  body  of 
men. 


HOW  MUCH  DOES  A  MINER  EARN? 


wage. 

with 


HE  impression,  so  preva- 
lent with  the  general  pub- 
lie,  that  the  coal  miners 
are  not  merely  making  a 
"living  wage,"  but  even 
more  than  a  "saving 
"  is  corrected  by  an  article,  dealing 
this    subject,    and    printed    in    the 


July  issue  of  '"Social  Justice." 

This  article  contains  an  interesting 
record  of  the  bi-weekly  earnings  of  a 
miner,  engaged  in  the  mining  of  bitum- 
inous coal  in  Southern  Illinois.  He  is, 
moreover,  Secretary  of  his  Local.  Ac- 
cording to  this  schedule  his  gross  earn- 
ings amounted  to  si. 344. 32  in  1921. 
But  from  these  gross  receipts  certain 
'"occupational  charges'-  must  be  deduct- 
ed. Miners  pay  not  alone  for  powder 
and  fuse,  and  certain  blacksmithing 
charges,  but  also  towards  the  salary  of 
the  check-weighman.  while  providing 
their  own  tools.  In  consequence  this 
particular  miner's  net  income  during  the 
past  year  amounted  to  SI. 204. 03.  And 
this  is  a  very  fair  average  of  the  pos- 
sible earnings  of  any  miner  in  that  par- 
ticular field. 

"Social  Justice"  show?  that,  accord- 
ing to  information  concerning  annual 
earnings,  presented  to  the  President's 
Bituminous  Coal  Commission  in  1920  by 
the  United  Mine  Workers  of  America. 
the  average  annual  earnings  of  coal 
miners  for  the  year  1918  amounted  to 
SI. 390.  while  in  the  previous  year  they 
had  reached  only  £905.  That  there  was 
no  intention  on  the  part  of  the  union  to 
understate  the  miners'  earnings  in  order 
to  make  a  case  for  the  increase,  is  cer- 
tain. According  to  figures  derived  from 
the  data  obtained  by  the  United  States 
Census  in  1919.  the  average  earnings  of 
the  miners  in  Illinois  were  but  Si. HO  in 
that  year.  Nor  do  these  figures  vary 
greatly  from  those  found  in  the  statis- 


tics of  earnings  of  the  men.  offered  by 
the  operators,    although   the   manner  of 

their  compilation  permits  of  the  suspi- 
cion that  there  was  a  tendency  to  prove 
it  possible  for  the  miners  to  earn  more 
if  they  were  willing  to  work  more  reg- 
ularly. In  fact,  the  chief  difference  in 
the  testimony  regarding  earnings  offered 
by  operators  and  union  officials  to  the 
President's  Bituminous  Coal  Commission 
was  that  the  operators  stressed  the  effect 
of  voluntary  idleness  of  the  miners, 
which  they  contended  was  the  chief  rea- 
son for  the  low  wages. 

The  question  remains,  whether  any  of 
the  yearly  average  earnings  enumerated 
constitute  a  living  wage  or  more  than  a 
living  wage,  one  that  might  be  trimmed 
down  without  injuring  the  physical  and 
moral  welfare  of  the  miners  and  their 
families.  For  the  present,  the  writer  in 
''Social  Justice"  contents  himself  with  a 
reference  to  the  estimates  of  the  cost  of 
living,  prepared  for  the  United  Mine 
Workers,  and  presented  by  them  to  the 
Bituminous  Coal  Commission.  Accord- 
ing to  the  conclusions  reached  by  the 
statistician  who  pjrepared  these  figures, 
in  January,  1920.  Si. 603  was  required 
for  a  budget  to  provide  a  "minimum  of 
subsistence"  for  a  family  of  five.  The 
cost  of  providing  a  •'minimum  of  health 
and  comfort"  for  families  living  in  min- 
ing communities  was  estimated  as  re- 
quiring an  annual  income  of  $2,244. 
"To  make  possible  such  earnings.  say< 
"Social  Justice."  "it  will  be  necessary 
to  either  increase  wages  or  give  more 
steady  employment  to  the  men  engaged 
in  coal  mining."  For  one  of  the  chief 
causes  of  low  annual  earnings  of  coal 
miners  is  intermittent  employment.  But 
it  is  doubtful  whether  this  cause  can  be 
removed  under  the  present  economic  sys- 
tem, based  as  it  is  on  the  erroneous  prin- 
ciple of  "lais=ez-faire." 


THE     CARPENTER 


17 


CHILD 

T  the  Forty-second  Annual 
Convention  of  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor 
the  subject  of  child  labor 
-was  ably  discussed.  One 
of  the  chief  speakers  was 
Dr.  Albert  Freiberg.     He  said  in  part: 

"When  it  conies  to  discussing  the 
evils  of  child  labor  and  the  toil  of  chil- 
dren in  gainful  occupation  from  a  scien- 
tific point  of  view,  I  really  am  somewhat 
at  a  loss — not  because  it  would  be  dif- 
ficult to  bring  before  you  a  tremendous 
amount  of  evidence  to  this  effect,  that 
child  labor  does  injure  the  organism  of 
the  child  and  that  it  injures  it  perma- 
nently, but  because  the  thing  is  so  self- 
evident  that  it  really  seems  like  a  more 
or  less  foolish  investigation.  It  is  really 
as  evident  as  most  of  the  things  Ave  take 
for  granted  every  day  in  our  lives. 

"The  child's  business  in  the  world  is 
to   grow,    to   play    and    to   learn.      If   a 
child  does  not  do  these  things,  then  the 
child  is  not  having  a  childhood,  and  if  a 
child  does  not  have  a  childhood  it  can't 
get  to  be   the   right   kind   of   man,    the 
kind  of  man  which  its  natural  endow- 
ments entitle  it  to,  any  more  than  you 
can  have  a  large  apple  before  you  have  a 
small  apple,  any  more  than  you  can  have 
a  small  apple  before  you  have  the  flower 
or  the  bud.    The  thing  is  just  impossible, 
and  any  attempt  to  make  scientific  re- 
search   on    this    subject,    while    perhaps 
laudable,  is,  after  all,  useless,  some  of  it 
.so  much  so  that  it  seems  almost  foolish. 
"We   do   not  have   to   make   scientific 
Experiments  as   to  the  effect  of  gainful 
Umployment  on  children,  because  we  can 
1  ook  about  us  in  the  world  and  find  it. 
jrhe  facts  have  been  set  forth  so  often 
;  n  the  publication  of  the  National  Child 
Labor  Committee  that  I  hesitate  to  re- 
peat any  of  them,  but  one  or  two  of  them 
are  very  striking.     I  call  to  your  atten- 
tion, for  example,  that  in  Baltimore  fif- 
|  een  hundred  children  were  medically  ex- 
iinined  who  were  between  fourteen  and 
ifteen  years  of  age  and  who  had  been 
vorking    in    twelve    different    industries 
u  the  city  of  Boltimore.     One  hundred 
>f  these  children  had  diseases  or  defects 
vhich  could,  beyond  a  doubt  be  attribut- 
ed to  the  labor  in  which  they  were  en- 
gaged.    That  is,  one  child  out  of  every 
ifteen.     That  seems  to  me  rather  a  con- 
'incing  fact. 

"We  know  from  the  experiments,   or 
ather    from    the    investigations    which 


LABOR 

have  been  made  under  the  auspices  of 
the  Children's  Bureau  of  the  United 
States  Government,  that  we  can  hand 
to  you  a  great  many  other  facts  and  ob- 
servations just  as  telling  and  perhaps 
more  telling  than  these.  We  know,  for 
example,  that  the  injuries  received  in  in- 
dustry are  from  two  to  three  times  as 
frequent  among  the  child  workers  as 
among  the  adult  workers,  which  shows 
that  the  child  is  not  calculated  or  made 
to  take  his  place  in  industry  beside  the 
adult.  Figures  of  the  Children's  Bu- 
reau of  our  Government  show  that  the 
general  accident  rate  of  children  between 
fourteen  and  fifteen  years  of  age  is  48 
per  cent  higher  than  it  is  at  the  age  of 
sixteen.  Just  see  what  a  difference  there 
is  in  that  short  space  of  time,  and  for 
children  who  work  among  shafts  and 
belts  and  gears  the  rate  is  133  per  cent 
higher ;  for  children  who  work  among 
gears  alone  it  is  three  and  one- third 
times  higher.  We  have  only  to  look 
about  us  away  from  the  confines  of  in- 
dustrial plants  to  see  plenty  of  evidence 
that  we  must  do  something  more  for  our 
children  in  this  respect  than  we  have 
been  doing. 

"A  great  deal  has  been  accomplished 
by  the  United  States  in  this  fight  against 
the  premature  employment  of  children — 
and  I  am  not  trying  to  minimize  what 
has  been  done.  Of  course  the  subject  of 
child  labor  is  more  actively  before  the 
minds  of  all  of  us  today  than  it  was  a 
few  months  ago,  because  of  the  deci- 
sion of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United 
States  which  made  void  the  law  taxing 
the  products  of  child  labor,  and  there  is 
more  or  less  unhappiness  about  that  de- 
cision and  about  the  court,  even  though 
I  am  not  disposed  personally  to  question 
it.  At  the  same  time  I  do  not  say  that 
this  law  would  have  provided  efficiently 
for  this  evil  at  all.  No,  this  law  would 
not  have  brought  the  general  situation, 
as  far  as  standards  are  concerned  in  the 
United  States,  up  to  the  standards  of  the 
most  enlightened  states  in  the  Union  as 
individual  states. 

"It  is  a  mistake  to  regard  this  prob- 
lem as  a  sectional  problem.  We  hear 
some  gentleman  in  a  northern  state  say- 
ing this  is  a  problem  of  the  southern 
states,  of  the  southern  cotton  mills.  That 
is  a  mistake.  Alabama  has  better  laws 
today  than  the  states  of  Maine.  Now 
Hampshire  and  Rhode  Island.  As  far  as 
national  legislation  is  concerned,  the  at- 


t 


IS 


THE     CARPENTER 


titude  of  the  nation  toward  this  evil. 
we  hope  that  something  may  still  be 
accomplished,  and  I  am  able  to  say  to 
you  that  on  behalf  of  the  National  Child 
Labor  Committee,  that  very  able  lawyers 
are  now  studying  the  problem  of  devis- 
ing something  that  will  stand  any  as- 
sault. 

"In  the  State  of  Colorado,  in  rhe  beet 
fields.  SOD  children  below  fourteen  years 
of  age  are  working  from  nine  to  eleven 
hours  a  day.  and  at  least  200  of  these 
children  are  less  than  ten  years  of  age. 
Do  you  think  any  education  is  needed 
there?     I  am  pretty  sure  you  do. 

"I  am  entitled  to  say.  therefore,  that 
with  respect  to  legislation  for  children 
in  this  regard  no  state  in  the  Union  has 


done    its    full    duty:    and    of    course 
Federal    enactment,     even     those    whit 
were  thrown  our.  has  been  up  to  the  lei 
of  state  legislation.     One  child  in  ever 
eight   in   the   United    States    of   Americ 
is   at  work   outside    of   legal   protectioi 
That  is  a  striking  figure,  but  it  is  tr 
we   have  the  best   authority   for  it.   at 
every  year  one  million  children  betwe 
the  ages  of  ten  and  fourteen  leave  sent 
to  go  to  work. 

"Our  citizenship  must  be  strong 
body,  it  must  be  self-reliant,  it  must 
honest,  and  above  all  things  it  must 
intelligent,  and  if  we  allow  the  state 
affairs  to  go  on  vre  cannot  progress 
the  way  we  must  do  to  keen  our  pla^ 
amor.;  the  nations  of  the  world." 


THE  FRATERNAL   CANCER 
'By  P.  J.  McGrath.) 


^C2  OuEVEE  strong  the  bond 
may  be 

Tho"  woven  by  a.master"s 

hand. 
And    of    the    purest    gold 
each  strand. 
If    somewhere,    hidden,    there    should   be 
Corroding  -tains  of  bigotry: 
Like  cancer  eating  at  the  heart 
'Twill  cause  the  strongest  bond  to  part, 
And  all  the  good  the  master  wrought 
With    hand    and    brain    must    come    to 
naught." 

I  recently  read  the  above  lines  and 
was  especially  struck  with  the  way  they 
fitted  present  day  conditions  in  the  labor 
world,  for  we  not  only  have  to  fight  the 
open  shop  advocates  and  those  who  are 
making  every  effort  in  the  world  to  de- 
stroy all  labor  organizations,  but.  in 
addition,  we  have  to  fight  the  menace 
of  race  and  religious  prejudice  which 
is  again  making  itself  felt  in  our  ranks. 

I  recently  saw  a  secret  service  report 
which  showed  the  different  methods  used 
by  our  enemies  to  destroy  local  organi- 
zations, hoping,  through  the  destruction 
of  the  Locals,  to  bring  about  the  de- 
struction of  national  organizations  as 
well.  The  plan  our  enemies  use  is  to 
play  on  whatever  weakness  the  local 
leaders  may  happen  to  have.  If  a  man 
happens  to  love  money  too  well,  they 
"will  endeavor  to  reach  him  with  money. 
If  he  has  a  weakness  for  games  of 
chance,  they  endeavor  to  get  him  tied 
up  with  gambling  debts.  If  he  has  a 
weakness  for  the  fair  sex.  they  plan  ac- 
cordingly. In  fact  there  is  no  scheme 
they  will  leave  untried,  and.  after  every- 


thing else  has  failed,  they  always  ha1* 
their  one  last  and  most  powerful  schema 
in  reserve,  and  that  is  to  foment  rac 
and  religious  prejudice  among  member 
of  labor  organization-,  and  the  pity 
it  is  their  last  plan  always  has  a  cert 
measure  of  success,  for  it  seems  to  be 
inherent  weakness  of  human  nature  tc 
follow  the  plan  of  the  residents  of  the 
TVhiteehapel  district  of  London.  Eng- 
land, of  some  years  ago.  who  were  al- 
ways ready  to  "eave  arf  a  brick"  at  anj 
stranger  who  happened  to  come  along. 

There  is  no  reason  in  the  world  whj 
there  should  no-  be  fraternal  unio:.  ~"i"l 
those  of  different  races  and  religior. 
for.  like  Kipling's  "July  O'Grady  and  the 
Colonel's  Lady."  we  are  all  alike  unde 
the  skin. 

There  never  was  a  time  in  the  hist< 
of  Organized  Labor  when  our  opponent 
were  so  determined  in  their  efforts  to  de 
stroy  us.  or  so  confident  they  could  d« 
so.  and.  unfortunately  for  us.  there  never 
was  a  time  when  conditions  seemed  tc 
favor  our  opponents  as  they  do  today. 
with  several  million  of  men  out  of  work. 

From  the  above  you  can  easily  see 
that  general  conditions  of  today  favor 
the  enemie-  of  Organized  Labor  much 
more  than  they  do  its  friends,  but  with 
ail  of  this  against  them,  labor  organiza- 
tions can  never  be  destroyed  from  the 
outside.  The  only  way  that  a  labor  or- 
ganization can  ever  be  destroyed  is 
through  internal  dissension,  and  nothing 
'■n  ear'h  will  bring  rhi-  about  -  -  :  1:1 
and  surely  as  race  and  religious  preju- 
dice, and  you  can  be  sure  that  our 
friends,   the  enemy,  are  going  to  spring 


TiH  E    CARPENTER 


19 


his  on  us  in  the  very  near  future.  In 
'act,  there  is  every  evidence  at  hand 
hat  they  have  already  started  to  spread 
heir  poisonous  propaganda. 

Brothers,  you  have  cause  to  look  with 
suspicion  on  any  member  who  at  any 
ime  brings  up  the  question  of  race  and 
•eligion,  and  it  should  be  the  policy  of 
ill  to  promptly  sit  down  on  any  member 
vho  disseminates  poison  of  this  kind. 

If  we  hope  to  keep  what  has  been 
gained  through  years  of  effort  and  sacri- 
3ce,  we  will  have  to  be  a  unit  on  all 
hings  affecting  our  organization. 

Enemies  of  Organized  Labor  have  per- 
fected an  organization  of  their  own.  In 
fact,  their  present  fight  on  Organized 
Labor  is  the  strongest  that  we  have  ever 
iad  to  meet  and  unless  we  keep  our 
forces  intact,  we  are  in  danger  of  a 
'Labor  Armageddon." 

What  difference  does  a  man's  race  and 
eligion  make  to  you  or  me  so  long  as  he 
la  a  loyal  member  of  the  organization 
:hat  protects  our  wages  and  working 
conditions?  These  questions  are  always 
hrown  out  as  a  smoke  screen  when  our 
jnemies  have  some  scheme  on  foot  to  in- 
jure us.  Do  not  fall  for  this,  and  in  addi- 
tion it  will  be  advisable  to  sit  down  hard 
on    anyone    raising    these    questions    in 


your  presence.  If  we  expect  to  retain 
our  present  wages  and  working  condi- 
tions, we  will  have  to  do  that  to  keep  our 
organization  intact. 

In  closing,  I  am  going  to  say  that  a 
man  who  will  raise  the  question  of  race 
or  religion  is  a  menace  to  his  organiza- 
tion at  any  time,  and  at  this  particular 
time  is  a  traitor  to  the  organization. 
"Cut  it  out." 

In  my  opinion,  the  question  of  race 
and  religion  is  most  beautifully  summed 
up  in  the  following  lines  from  a  recent 
number  of  the  Kiwanis  Magazine : 

At  the  muezzin's  call  for  prayer 

The     kneeling     faithful      thronged     the 

square ; 
And  from  Pushkarra's  lofty  height 
A  dark  priest  chanted  Brahma's  might. 
Amid  a  monastery's  weeds 
An  old  Franciscan  told  his  beads ; 
While  to  the  synagog  there  came 
A  Jew  to  praise  Jehovah's  name. 
The    one    great    God    looked    down    and 

smiled, 
And  counted  each  His  loving  child ; 
For  Turk  and  Brahman,  Monk  and  Jew 
Had  reached  Him  through  the  gods  they 

knew. 

— All  for  the  Uplift  of  Labor. 


A  METAMORPHOSIS 

(By  Kowland  Hill.) 


HOT^WgUM  HE  Leopard  has  changed 
J^^^^^c  his  spots."  A  memory  of 
yesteryear :  The  notices 
posted  on  the  job;  in  the 
shop: 

"Employes  will  congre- 
gate in  streets  during  the  noon  hour  to 
hear  the  Gospel  of  Patriotism." 

Men  were  born  anew  in  that  day ;  be- 
fore us  stood  those  we  knew,  those  with 
whom  we  had  done  business,  to  whom 
we  had  pleaded  for  union  conditions, 
men  addressed  us  those  days  whose 
Judas  hearts  were  temporarily  encased 
in  God  like  form  and  with  a  Mark 
Antony  eloquence  they  drove  into  our 
understanding  that  "France  was  being 
pushed  back,  England  was  fighting  with 
her  back  to  the  wall,"  Belgium  already 
\  destroyed,  an  unrelenting  U-Boat  war- 
1  fare  was  havoeing  the  coasts,  the  hope 
and  prayer  of  a  stricken  world  was, 
America,  the  Yankees.  Men,  they  cried: 
"its  up  to  you  to  drive  the  autocratic 
kaiser  with  his  divine  rights  off  the 
earth,  enlist,   buy  bonds,   and  make  the 


world  safe  for  democracy,"  and  then  the 
message  to  a  suffering  world  was 
flashed : 

"The  Yanks  are  coming; 

The  Yanks  are  coming; 

And  we  won't  come  back 

Till  it's  over,  over  there." 
The  glorious  flower  of  the  Yankee 
womb  was  emptied  on  the  shores  of 
France  and  England,  then  all-together; 
the  brave  of  the  Old  World  with  the 
never  licked  of  the  new  began  to  tickle 
Little  Willie  Kaiser  right  square  in  the 
"divine  rights  of  kings"  and  Willie  flew. 
Autocracy  looses  its  luster  when 
polished  with  a  bayonet. 

The  boys  come  home  again,  honored, 
acclaimed,  but  many  had  lost  the  jobs 
they  were  assured  would  await  them ; 
then  to  throw  a  scare  into  the  American 
people  the  employers  cried  low  produc- 
tion, on  a  profiteering  basis  they  wanted 
high  production  and  low  wages.  The 
bosses  then  concluded  they  would  do  a 
little  autocrating  on  their  own  hook  and 
after    slipping    down    the    alley    to    the 


20 


THE     CARPENTER 


dungeon  of  commerce  and  drawing  in- 
spiration from  a  few  ''union"  baiters 
they  came  out  with  the  autocratic  idea 
that:  We  are  boss;  We  will  control 
the  job ;  The  employer  is  supreme :  We 
will  set  the  hours  and  wages ;  We  will 
do  the  dictating. 

This  is  the  system  they  would  fasten 
on  the  American  workman.  These  are 
the  fellows  that  preached  patriotism  to 


us   on    the   streets    and   stayed  at  home 
for  profiteering  purposes. 

The  Master  Carpenter  (God  save  the 
mark)  has  an  offspring  and  named  him 
"Open  Shop"  the  poison  we  would  pre- 
scribe for  the  younger  is  : 

"UNIONISM" 

"When  the  Devil  got  well 
The  Devil  a  Saint  was  he." 


2^3^^? J*§  HAT    a 

definition  of  those  two 
words  can  throw  into 
one's  mind!  I  believe 
one's  actual  work  often 
gives  him  the  philosophy 
of  assembling,  discovering  and  compar- 
ing problems  much  greater  than  those 
involved  in  the  actual  work  at  hand.  I 
have,  in  late  years,  come  to  the  conclu- 
sion that  a  man  laying  brick  is  just  as 
liable  to  solve  some  of  them  as  a  man 
preaching,  teaching  school,  practicing 
law  or  anything.  It  is  the  thought  that 
counts. 

One  time  I  was  visiting  a  friend.  He 
discovered  he  had  a  chimney  needing 
repairs.  There  were  brick  and  mortar 
on  hand — everything,  in  fact,  to  do  the 
work  with,  except  the  mason  and  his 
tools.  In  me  he  had  the  mason,  but 
alas !  I  had  no  tools.  Now  every  good 
bricklayer  knows  that  he  can  do  a  rea- 
sonably good  job  of  brickwork  with 
nothing  but  a  trowel,  but  without 
a  trowel  he  is  helpless.  I  said  to 
my  friend.  "Have  you  a  trowel?"  He 
did  not  and  after  trying  three  or  four 
of  his  neighbors,  he  protested.  "Are  we 
stuck  simply  for  lack  of  that  blame 
trowel?"  "Yes."  I  answered,  "'we  sure 
are."  "Why,"  said  he.  "it's  just  as  bad 
as  being  without  money  —  that  will 
block  you  in  anything." 

Now  that  got  me  to  comparing  money 
with  the  trowel.  Lack  of  the  trowel 
blocked  the  bricklaying;  lack  of  money 
blocks  everything:  the  trowel  is  indis- 
pensible  for  laying  brick:  money  — 
everything  in  business ;  trowel  just  a 
tool  to  lay  brick  with ;  money  just  a 
tool  to  exchange  the  things  we  want 
with  each  other :  trowel  absolutely  in- 
dispensible  to  the  bricklayer  and  money 
indispensible  to  anyone  doing  business, 
even  down  to  getting  something  to  eat. 
If  a  trowel  will  spread  mortar,  clip  a 
brick  and  strike  a  joint,  it  functions  for 


COMPARISONS  AND  DISCOVERIES 

(By  John  Bowman.,) 
flood   of   light   the      laying    brick;     if 


money  pays  taxes, 
debts  and  makes  exchanges,  it  functions, 
for  business.  For  lack  of  the  trowel  the 
chimney  was  not  fixed.  I  was  idle  and 
my  friend  and  I  both  disappointed.  For 
the  lack  of  money  and  will,  land  goes 
untilled,  houses  and  roads  unbuilt,  shop 
fires  out,  exchange  at  a  low  ebb,  six  mil- 
lions of  people  idle  and  unrest  everywhere. 

I  have  frequently  hired  tramp  brick- 
layers, who  would  not  or  could  not  keep 
a  trowel.  They  depended  on  borrowing. 
begging  or  stealing  one  as  needed.  If 
you  gave  them  one.  when  they  wanted 
to  take  to  the  road  again,  they  would 
sell  it.  pawn  it.  give  it  or  throw  it  away. 
A  very  great  many  people  handle  money 
like  the  tramp  bricklayers  do  their  trow- 
els. When  they  do  get  it  they  are  just 
too  foolish,  generous  or  careless  to  keep 
the  tools  they  need.  I  know  that  to  be 
the  case,  because  I  have  done  it  myself. 

That  is  one  kind  of  people  we  have 
and  there  are  many  of  them.  There  is 
another  kind — covetous,  greedy,  un- 
scruplous,  wanting  it  all  and  trying  to 
get  it.  Our  great  question  is  how  to 
educate  or  control  these  two  classes — 
the  foolish  and  the  greedy.  Both  are 
selfish,  one  wants  to  use  money  to 
gratify  some  desire  for  the  present ;  the 
other  for  some  future  gratification. 
Both  classes  may  be  more  or  less  justi- 
fiable and  both  generally  have  too  strong 
desires  taking  advantage  of  all  circum- 
stances and  conditions,  even  to  causing 
loss  to  others,  to  acquire  this  power.  So 
it  is  readily  seen  such  tendencies  and 
disposition  would  cause  trouble  between 
the  two  classes. 

There  is  quite  a  large  third  class  that 
wants  to  "live  and  let  live."  They  are 
willing  to  sacrifice  present  desires  for 
future  protection  and  will  not  willingly 
cause  others  to  sacrifice  for  them.  What 
we  need  is  to  get  as  many  as  possible 
into  the  third  class.  That  is  the  class 
that    can    be    safely    trusted   with    notes 


THE    CARPENTER 


!  nd  if  it  were  possible  to  give  them  only 
otes,  it  would  do  more  towards  good 
overnment  than  any  one  thing  I 
now  of. 

Let  us  draw  another  comparison ; 
imposing  all  masons  came  to  a  universal 
greement  to  contribute  according  to 
heir  work  and  built  themselves  a  "fac- 
ory"  at  Washington  to  make  all  their 
rowels,  hire  men  and  use  men  to  run  it, 
aying  them  good  salaries,  so  they  could 
et  their  trowels  at  first  cost.  The  op- 
ratives  of  this  factory  turn  the  making 
f  those  trowels  over  to  a  number  of 
ther  factories  and  make  an  agreement 
rith  them  that  they  can  charge  double 
r  tripple  the  price  for  the  trowels  that 
hey  could  be  made  for — that  is  about 
rhat  is  being  done  to  all  of  us  with  our 
urrency.  It  strikes  me  that  every  bank- 
ag  institution  that  can't  keep  tax  free 
Inited  States  Bonds  drawing  4  per  cent 


interest  at  par  does  not  deserve  a  charter 
from  the  Government.  I  see  no  good 
reason  why  the  Government  can't  fur- 
nish credit  checks  to  exchange  for  our 
labor  and  goods  as  easily  as  they  can 
stamps  for  our  letters.  If  a  government 
for  the  people  and  by  the  people  means 
anything  at  all  it  means  an  equal  oppor- 
tunity to  all  and  it  means  an  equal  part- 
nership in  the  management  of  public  af- 
fairs; and  no  man,  or  set  of  men,  has 
any  more  right,  being  able  to  buy  a 
bond,  to  offer  for  it  less  than  it  was 
originally  sold  for  than  he  has  to  buy  in 
his  own  paper  for  le  s  than  he  himself 
sold  it  at.  When  any  one  of  us  wishes 
to  exchange  an  interest  bearing  obliga- 
tion of  our  Government  for  one  bearing 
no  interest  and  our  public  servants  do 
not  find  a  means  for  us  to  do  so,  they 
are  not  discharging  their  duty — they  are 
either  crooked  or  incompetent. 


TRAINING 

(By  W.  L 
COMPREHENSIVE  sum- 
mary of  the  present  de- 
plorable conditions  moves 
me  to  venture  the  follow- 
ing: 

In  our  untiring  efforts 
u  persuading  our  unorganized  brother 
o  become  standard  bearers  of  a  worthy 
ause,  I  digress  to  ask,  did  it  ever  occur 
o  our  present  100  per  cent  true  blue 
workers  that  a  much  more  effective 
aethod  in  increasing  our  membership 
nd  promoting  the  good  will  and  friend- 
hip  of  the  citizens  at  large,  is,  to  raise 
hem. 
I  remain  in  the  bounds  of  reason  when 
assert  that  this  present-day  wave  of 
•pen  shop  is  the  lamentable  product  of 
•ur  cai'eless  and  indifferent  forefathers 
vhen  they  failed  to  instill  in  the  minds 
nd  hearts  of  their  young  and  tender 
>ffspring  the  moral  virtues  of  unionism, 
ience,  "as  ye  sow,  so  shall  ye  reap." 
!  Then  if  you  train  a  child  in  the  way 
te  shall  go,  when  he  is  old  he  will  never 
iepart  from  it. 

Though  he  be  educated  to  become  a 
awyer,  and  mounts  the  rostrums  of 
ame,  his  early  impressions  of  manhood, 
f  justice  and  equal  rights  can  never  be 
lisunited  from  the  deserving  masses, 
nd  can  at  all  times  be  depended  on  for 
n*and  and  noble  deeds. 

It  is  a  pitiful  sight  to  look  in  the  face 
t  a  scab  and  note  the  visible  marks  of 
ds  irresponsible  parents  indelibly   writ- 


THE  CHILD 

.  Flowers.) 

ten,  and  is  suggestive  of  a  missing  link. 

It  is  well  to  remember  that  our  future 
destiny  largely  rests  in  the  hands  of  our 
little  ones  who  are  now  ripe  for  a  care- 
fully directed  course  of  procedure,  and 
that  it  is  as  difficult  to  train  a  man  who 
has  reached  the  age  of  maturity  as  it  is 
to  learn  an  old  dog  new  tricks,  thus  a 
careful  course  of  training  is  an  indis- 
pensible  asset. 

While  the  man  of  neglected  discipline 
may  become  unionized,  he  can  never  be 
depended  upon  only  in  the  seige  of  a 
rich  harvest. 

Some  of  our  churches  long  ago  fore- 
saw the  effectiveness  in  the  training 
of  a  child,  and  to  this  end,  have  form- 
ulated private  schools  of  discipline  and 
careful  training,  the  results  of  which 
are  indisputable. 

This  leads  me  to  ask,  what  are  you, 
who  are  responsible  to  society,  and  to 
God  for  the  stewardship  of  your  off- 
spring doing  to  offset  the  disguised  and 
poisonous  educational  matter  that  is  day 
by  day  molding  the  minds  of  your  child 
in  ideas  foreign  and  contrary  to  your 
own  interests  through  this  two-faced 
propaganda  of  deception? 

If  there  ever  was  an  age  when  pol- 
ished deception  of  parlor  origin  was  a 
predominating  factor  it  is  now. 

And  if  there  ever  was  a  time  when 
virtuous  truths  and  hidden  facts  should 
be  brought  to  the  surface  to  shine  as  a 
guiding  star  to  a  coufused  people  it  is  now. 


THE     CARPENTER 


I  Was  Going  To 


Have  you  e'er  met  a  friend  in  this  workaday  world. 
Who  will  smile  as  he  greets  you  and  say : 

"I  was  going  to,  but "  and  the  rest  you   can  guess 

Why  he  didn't  come  all  of  the  way. 

"I   was  going  to  write  you,  but  something  turned   up. 
To  make  me  forget,  and  I  failed," 

So  your  friend  will  inform  you  and  feel  quite  secure 
That  excuses  like  this  have  prevailed. 

But  what  was  the  something,  and  why  did  he  fail? 
Ah !  That  is  for  you  to  make  out ; 
His  intentions  were  good  and  that  is  enough, 
Not  for  you  to  harbor  a  doubt. 

I  was  going  to  call  for  a  brief  hour  or  two, 
And  so  help  to  brighten  your  day: 
But!  Then  the  excuse  that  so  readily  comes, 
For  alone  you  have  plodded  your  way. 

I  was  going  to  pluck  you  a  rose  from  the  tree, 

But  it  withered  and  fell  e'er  I  knew: 

An  image,  'twould  seem,  of  Life's  promises  fair. 

That  the  shores  of  Time's  ocean  bestrew. 

Such  a  one  whose  intentions  are  thus  always  good. 
May  suppose  that  the  sting  is  removed. 

From  the  wound  that  was  caused  by  his  failure  to  do 
But  alas !  not  a  thing  is  improved. 

Xot  a  heart  e'er  beat  lighter  for  words  such  as  these. 
Nor  Sorrow's  pangs  felt  the  less  keen. 
But  trust  is  oft  shattered  and  friendship  impaired. 
By  this  phrase  lightly  spoken  serene. 

So  if  you  have  failed  some  kind  act  to  do. 
Let  it  pass,  and  by  all  means  don't  say : 

"I  was  going  to,  but "  for  it  won't  help  a  bit. 

Disappointment,  once  aroused,  to  allay. 

But  do  what  you  say  you  were  going  to  do. 

And  your  friends  will  with  reason  declare: 

"He's  as  good  as  his  word  ;  you  can  trust  him,  be  sure. 

What  he  savs  he  will  do,  he  will  dare." 

— M.  I.  McEVOY. 


i 

l 

ll i 

!<?*►>:  ":%&.:-:x&. rm,  ::<&&  :*&,  :«ek  y&&.  ■*■*,  :m.  ':*♦>,/*♦>,  :*♦>.:  "<♦>.;  >a&.  «*  .  <m  sasoS 


Editorial 


1"HE  CARPENTER 


Official  Journal  of 
THE   UNITED   BROTHERHOOD   OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

•nblished    on   the   15th   of  each   month  at  the 

CARPENTERS'  BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 

,'ABPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

Publishers 

FRANK  DUFFY,  Editor 


Subscription  Prick 
One  Dollar  a  Year  in  Advance,  Postpaid 


|    The    publishers    and    the    advertising 
gent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail* 
ble  to  them  against  accepting  advertise* 
nents  from  other  than  reliable  firms,  but 
lo  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
ontents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap- 
pears in  "The  Carpenter."     Should  any 
ieception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
ny  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
nmediately   notify  the   Post  Office  au- 
thorities.    Therefore,  address  any  com- 
plaints to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,  SEPTEMBER,  1922 

Good  Union  Men 

The  success  of  the  labor  movement 
rom  its  inception  to  the  present  day 
3  the  result  of  the  efforts  of  men  and 
>*omen    who   have   been    endowed   with 

wisdom  which  has  enabled  them  to 
ee  through  the  present,  far  into  the 
uture  and  to  plan  well  and  wisely  for 
he  betterment   of   future   generations. 

Not  only  did  those  noble  pioneers  in 
he  labor  movement  plan  wisely  for 
he  establishment  of  an  organization 
rhich  has  done  untold  good  in  the 
pbuilding  of  humanity  and  the  better- 
jient  of  conditions  under  which  men  and 
komen  are  forced  to  labe/,  but  they 
i'ent  forward,  strong  in  their  belief  of 
fie  ultimate  success  of  those  plans  and 
rith    a    determination    which    knew    no 


failure,  swept  aside  all  opposition  and  by 
their  sacrifices  laid  the  foundation  of  the 
present  organized  labor  movement. 

Nor  must  it  be  imagined  that  the 
pathway  of  those  noble  men  and  women 
was  one  of  roses  as  they  battled  for  the 
success  of  right  and  justice  over  right 
and  privilege. 

Persecutions  by  unscrupulous  inter- 
ests, murders  done  by  hired  thugs  and 
gunmen,  trumped  up  charges  whereDy 
innocent  men  have  been  railroaded  to 
the  penal  institutions  of  the  country, 
have  been  the  contributions  of  those 
who,  in  their  inhuman  desires  to  en- 
slave the  toiler,  would  destroy  the  move- 
ment which  has  been  the  medium  where- 
by they  were  forced  to  grant  to  those 
who  produce  the  wealth  of  the  country,  a 
living  wage  and  better  working  con- 
ditions. 

The  ambitions  of  a  working  man  to 
provide  proper  food  for  his  family,  to 
properly  clothe  them,  to  be  able  to  per- 
mit them  the  enjoyment  of  the  proper 
recreation  which  brings  the  light  of  a 
greater  happiness  and  contentment  to 
the  eyes  of  the  wife  and  mother  and 
makes  more  rosy  the  cheeks  of  the  little 
ones,  means  nothing  to  some  whose  only 
ambition  is  to  add  millions  more  to  the 
millions  which  they  already  possess, 
when  those  ambitions  interfere  with  the 
piling  up  of  those  millions,  and  every 
means  that  the  cunning  brain  can  invent 
has  been  employed  in  the  effort  to  de- 
stroy Organized  Labor. 

The  man  who  is  content  to  join  an  or- 
ganization, pay  his  dues  when  they  are 
due,  never  attend  a  meeting  and  lend  his 
assistance  to  those  who  are  struggling 
for  his  benefit  as  well  as  their  own.  has 
no  part  in  the  success  of  the  movement. 

He  may  talk  long  and  loud  about  his 
unionism  and  how  long  he  has  belonged 
to  a  labor  organization,  but  no  one  ever 
heard  of  a  member  of  this  kind  ever 
doing  anything  of  any  great  benefit  to 
the  movement. 

If  you  really  have  a  desire  to  be  a 
helping  faction  in  the  advancement  of 
the  labor  movement  and  be  a  good.  live, 
progressh-e  union  man  you  will  always 
be  found  attending  the  meetings,  taking 


24 


THE     CARPENTER 


part  in  the  proceedings,  boosting  meas- 
ures that  are  for  the  good  of  the  organ- 
ization and  looking  for  an  opportunity  to 
render  some  assistance  to  the  cause. 
When  you  do  this  you  can  tell  the  world 
that  you  are  a  real  union  man  and  doing 
your  full  duty. 

*      *      * 

Open  Shoppers  Taken  To  Task 

In  an  article  appearing  in  "Organized 
Labor"  of  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  Chester 
Rowell,  Chairman  of  the  Railroad  Com- 
mission of  California,  has  taken  the 
open  shoppers  to  task  and  pays  his  re- 
spects to  them  in  the  following  lang- 
uage: 

"This  open  shop  movement,  just  now, 
epidemic  in  certain  reactionary  circles 
all  over  the  country,  and  spreading  in 
California  under  the  instigation  of  the 
Better  American  Federation,  is  an  inter- 
esting example  of  the  utter  futility  of 
putting  your  eyes  in  the  back  of  your 
head  and  thinking  you  can  see  forward 
with  them.  Of  course,  it  cannot  suc- 
ceed, and  it  would  do  more  harm  than 
good  to  its  proponents  if  it  did." 

Even  the  "New  York  Times,"  chief 
organ  of  smug  capitalism,  says:  "To 
restore  the  open  shop,  with  nothing  to 
take  the  place  of  the  present  union,  is 
as  impossible  as  to  unscramble  eggs  and 
set  them  to  hatch.  Collective  bargain- 
ing is  an  unescapable  consequence  of  the 
size  and  complexity  of  modern  industry. 
You  can  no  more  restore  the  individual 
bargain  than  you  can  restore  hand  tool 
individual  production.  And  the  workers 
are  going  to  determine  for  themselves 
the  form  of  their  own  organization  and 
choose  their  own  representatives.  The 
employers  cannot  formulate  it  for  them, 
nor  impose  it  on  them.  They  can  mere- 
ly form  on  their  side  also  such  organiza- 
tion as  they  may  choose,  to  deal  with 
such  organization  as  the  workers  may 
choose  to  form  or  join.  And  this  organ- 
ization will  then  test  itself  by  its  adapt- 
ability to  its  purposes. 

"So  far,  most  employers'  organiza- 
tions have  made  the  blunder  of  taking 
the  I.  W.  W.  instead  of  the  unions  as 
their  model.  That  is,  they  have  or- 
ganized as  'one  big  union'  of  employers 
as  a  class,  instead  of  organizing  by 
trades  and  industries  and  federating 
these  groups.  Experience  has  long  since 
shown  that  the  'one  big  union'  is  effici- 
ent for  fighting  and  destruction,  but 
misfit  for  bargaining  and  business. 

"If  the  purpose  is  to  destroy  capital- 


ism, the  I.  W.  W.  is  the  way.  If  t 
purpose  is  to  do  business  with  it,  t 
trade  unions  are  the  way.  So  if  t 
purpose  is  to  destroy  unionism,  the  ge 
eral  Employers'  Association  is  the  wa 
If  the  purpose  is  to  do  business  with 
the  federated  organization  by  industri 
is  the  way. 

"The  employers,  like  the  employe 
have  the  right  to  choose  either  way.  B 
if  they  choose  an  organization  suitab 
only  for  fighting,  and  try  to  do  busine 
with  it,  they  must  not  be  surprised 
the  business  effort  fails  and  breaks  i 
in  a  fight.  Also,  if  they  fight  the  union 
they  must  not  be  surprised  if  they  rai 
up  the  I.  W.  W.  in  their  place.  It  wou 
pay  better  to  deal  with  them.." 
*     *      * 

Delivers  Sermon  Against  Strikebreakit 
and  Company  Unions 

According  to  labor,  the  national  wee'; 
ly  of  the  railroad  unions,  Rev.  Thomi 
J.  Delanty,  Pastor  of  St.  Mary's  Churc 
Bay  City,  Mich.,  in  a  sermon  to  his  coi 
gregation  warned  them  not  to  be  par 
ners  in  breaking  the  strike  of  the  rai 
road  men,  and  attacked  the  attemp( 
made  to  break  the  labor  unions  and  e 
tablish  company  unions. 

"There  are  four  sins,"  he  said,  "whk 
cry  to  Heaven  for  vengeance  —  wilf 
murder,  the  sins  of  Sodom,  oppressic 
of  the  poor,  and  defrauding  laborers  < 
their  just  wages.  This  is  the  teachin 
of  the  Catholic  Church.  Oppression  ( 
the  poor  is  linked  together  with  tfc 
worst  of  crimes  and  cries  to  Heaven  f( 
vengeance. 

"Be  not  a  partner,"  he  continued  "i 
any  way  in  this  oppression,  for  it  seemi 
indeed,  that  the  day  is  at  hand  when 
living  wage  is  denied  at  least  to  somi 
This  church  is  not  against  labor  union 
In  fact,  it  is  about  the  only  way  wort 
ing  men  have  to  protect  their  rights." 

Telling  the  story  of  the  King  of  Syrs 
cuse  who  taught  his  son  how  to  rule  b 
clipping  off  the  heads  of  the  tallest  stalk 
of  wheat,  he  said:  "So,  no  doubt,  i 
would  be  with  an  'individual  shop  union 
As  soon  as  a  brave  and  honest  ma 
would  ask  for  a  living  wage — that  it 
more  bread  for  his  children — in  his  owi 
name  and  in  the  names  of  his' fellow  la 
borers,  the  tyrant  of  Syracuse  or  som 
other  tyrant  would  be  on  hand  to  cli] 
off  his  head  by  a  discharge.  Very  wise 
ly,  then,  the  members  of  labor  union: 
have  elected  men  and  pay  their  wage: 
and  expenses  to  look  after  their  inter 


THE     CARPENTER 


25 


ests,  and  when  the  workers  have  a  com- 
plaint to  make  that  their  children  are 
underfed  on  account  of  the  breadwinner 
not  receiving  a  living  wage,  or  that 
working  conditions  are  not  satisfactory, 
then  the  representative  of  labor  comes 
to  examine  the  case." 

*  #      * 

What  Is  Fair  For  the  Goose,  Is  Fair 
For  the  Gander 

Employers  may  be  enjoined  from  vio- 
lating wage  agreements  with  labor 
unions,  according  to  a  decision  by  Judge 
Fred  L.  Hay,  Common  Pleas  Court  of 
Cleveland,  O.  The  decision  is  the  first 
of  its  kind  made  by  any  important  court 
in  this  country.  Judge  Hay  stated  that 
while  no  direct  precedent  existed  in  the 
law  books,  yet  "one  ought  to  be  estab- 
lished without  further  delay." 

This  decision  was  rendered  in  a  suit 
brought  by  Local  52,  International 
Brotherhood  of  Firemen  and  Oilers,  to 
secure  an  injunction  against  eight  Cleve- 
land breweries  which  had  reduced  wages 
of  firemen  from  75c  to  64c  an  hour  in 
violation  of  a  wage  agreement  with  the 
union,  made  February  1,  1921,  and  auto- 
matically renewed  February  1,  1922,  for 
another  year. 

The  employers  denied  the  right  of  the 
union  to  sue  on  the  ground  that  only  40 
out  of  the  300  members  of  the  union 
were  in  their  employ.  They  also  argue 
that  since  the  wages  of  each  worker 
were  paid  to  him  individually  and  for  his 
own  use,  his  fellow  unionists  had  no  in- 
terest in  the  amount  due  him,  and  that 
only  the  individual  aggrieved  could  bring 
suit. 

Hays'  decision  gives  the  same  legal 
standing  to  a  contract  between  empoly- 
ers  and  a  union  that  contracts  between 
employers  and  individual  employes  have 
long  enjoyed. 

The  court  further  held  that  since  em- 
ployers had  enforced  contracts  against 
unions  in  such  notable  cases  as  the 
Hitchman  Coal  &  Coke  Co.,  Duplex 
Printing  Press  Co.,  American  Steel 
Foundries  and  Coronado  Coal  &  Coke 
Co.,  the  unions  are  entitled  to  similar 
legal  protection  in  enforcing  contracts 
against  employers. 

*  #      # 

A  Timely  New  Book 

The  Congress  of  the  United  States 
is  considering  the  standardization  of 
weights  and  measures  on  the  basis  of 
the  world  Metric  System.  A  compre- 
hensive survey  of  the  entire  subject  is 


given  in  a  volume,  "World  Metric  Stand- 
ardization," just  received  from  the  pub- 
lishers, "World  Metric  Standardization 
Council,"  San  Francisco,  Cal.  It  is  com- 
piled by  Aubrey  Drury,  Executive  Sec- 
retary, in  collaboration  with  other  mem- 
bers of  the  Council.  The  testimony  of 
the  world  has  been  sought  out,  and  for 
the  first  time  gathered  together  in  this 
volume.  This  book  is  written  from  the 
standpoint  of  national  and  world  affairs 
and  is  not  technical  nor  scholastic.  It 
contains  16  chapters  and  index,  with 
many  portraits  of  eminent  men.  Among 
the  chapters  are  "Meter-Liter-Gram  in 
World  War  and  World  Trade,"  "Car- 
negie Committee  Metric  Reports,"  "Or- 
ganized Effort  for  Metric  Standardiza- 
tion," "Who  Urges  Meter-Liter-Gram," 
"What  Will  Metric  Standardization 
Cost,"  etc.  This  distinctive  new  book 
is  the  most  complete  we  have  ever  read 
upon  the  Metric  System,  and  as  a  work 
of  reference,  it  is  a  volume  that  should 
be  in  every  one's  library. 

Industrial  Unionism  Turned  Down 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor 
Convention  rejected  a  resolution  which 
Avould,  if  adopted,  put  the  Federation  on 
record  as  favoring  an  amalgamation 
movement  tending  toward  industrial 
unionism. 

The  Organization  Committee  non-con- 
curred in  the  resolution  and  held  that 
the  end  sought  can  be  reached  through 
the  present  departments  of  the  Federa- 
tion. The  report  of  the  committee  was 
adopted  unanimously. 

The  rejected  resolution  follows : 

Whereas,  The  employers  throughout 
the  nation  have  solidly  united,  being 
bound  together  by  a  solidarity  of  inter- 
est and  organization  which  leaves  no 
room  for  divided  action  or  desertions, 
and  moreover,  they  are  supported  by  the 
Government,  the  courts  and  the  press  in 
any  union-smashing  undertaking  they 
engage  in ; 

Whereas,  They  are  carrying  on  a  vici- 
ous attack  upon  the  labor  movement, 
singling  out  various  unions  and  forcing 
them  to  engage  in  a  bitter  struggle  for 
self-preservation :  and. 

Whereas,  These  unions,  because  they 
are  divided  against  themselves,  along 
trade  lines  and  are  thus  unable  to  make 
united  resistance  against  the  employers, 
constantly  suffering  defeat  after  defeat. 
with  heavy  losses  in  membership  and 
serious  lowering  of  the  workers'  stand- 


26 


THE     CARPENTER 


ards   of  living  and  working  conditions ; 
and, 

Whereas,  The  only  solution  for  the 
situation,  is  the  development  of  a  united 
front  by  the  workers  through  the  amal- 
gamation of  the  various  trades  unions 
so  that  there  will  remain  only  one  union 
for  each  industry ;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  take  the  necessary  action 
toward  bringing  about  the  required  solid- 
arity within  the  ranks  of  Organized  La- 
bor, and  that  as  a  first  step  in  this  direc- 
tion that  the  various  International 
Unions  be  called  into  conference  for  the 
purpose  of  arranging  to  amalgamate  all 
the  unions  in  the  respective  industries 
into  single  organizations,  each  of  which 
shall  cover  any  industry. 
*      *      * 

Labor  Needs  More  of  Its  Own 
Publications 

Often  we  find  that  labor's  critics  and 
detractors  furnish  the  most  weighty  evi- 
dence of  the  effectiveness  of  Organized 
Labor  in  its  efforts  to  protect  the  inter- 
ests of  its  members  and  especially  so 
when  they  are  giving  utterance  to  opin- 
ions in  private,  or  in  such  a  way  that  it 
will  not  likely  come  to  the  notice  of  the 
members  of  Organized  Labor.  The  same 
thing  holds  good  in  reference  to  their 
opinions  on  labor's  publications. 

A  case  of  this  kind  occurred  recently ; 
a  writer  in  the  "Annalist,"  a  financial 
magazine,  credited  the  opposition  of  the 
railroad  employes  to  the  road's  reduction 
of  pay,  conditions,  etc.,  to  the  official 
publications  of  their  organizations.  This 
opinion  was  of  course  intended  for  the 
benefit  of  the  financiers,  he  said : 

"The  several  unions  of  the  2,000,000 
railway  workers  publish  newspapers  re- 
sembling what  are  called  'house  organs' 
or  trade  papers  or  bank  circulars.  They 
have  only  a  limited  circulation,  but  they 
make  votes  that  are  reliable  on  election 
day,  which  is  more  than  can  be  said  for 
more  widely  circulated  journals  appeal- 
ing to  more  variegated  tastes  and  not 
able  to  control  the  suffrages  of  their 
leaders.  If  any  one  wishes  to  know  why 
railroad  workers  are  so  stubborn  in  their 
anti-railway  views  it  is  necessary  to 
make  some  little  journeys  into  some  of 
the  union  publications." 

Of  course,  this  writer,  catering  to  the 
views  of  the  financiers,  calls  it  "stub- 
bornness in  their  anti-railway  views," 
instead  of  saying  more  accurately,  unit- 
ed in  opposition  to  the  railroads'  present 


policy  of  unfairness  towards  their  em- 
ployes. It  is  well  that  they  have  these 
champions  of  their  rights,  few  in  num- 
ber, though  they  are  in  comparison  with 
the  thousands  of  newspapers  and  maga- 
zines feeding  anti-union  propaganda  to 
the  public. 

Labor  needs  more  and  still  more  of  its 
own  publications  to  defend  its  interests 
and  inform  its  members  of  the  problems 
confronting  them  as  well  as  informing 
the  public  of  the  justness  of  their  cause 
and  their  hopes  and  aspirations  for  the 
future.  In  addition  to  increasing  and 
strengthening  the  classes  of  publications 
we  now  have,  we  believe  the  time  is  near 
when  it  will  not  only  be  found  desirable, 
but  possible,  to  start  daily  papers  in 
many  of  our  large  cities,  if  these  are 
started  on  an  economic  but  efficient 
basis,  and  serve  their  readers  with  the 
unbiased  news  of  the  day  in  an  effective 
reliable  way,  and  with  a  broad  construc- 
tive labor  policy  they  should  prove  suc- 
cessful and  fill  a  long  felt  want.  In  the 
meantime  we  should  zealously  support 
all  of  the  publications  we  have  at 
present. 

*      *      * 

The  Psychology  of  Propaganda 

"Propaganda"  is  a  word  often  in  our 
mouths  and  still  oftener  in  print  since 
the  beginning  of  the  war.  It  is  used 
commonly  with  a  bad  implication,  but  of 
course  a  good  cause  may  be  advanced  in 
this  way  as  well  as  an  evil  one.  Why 
propaganda  succeeds  and  how  it  may  be 
fought  when  it  is  objectionable  are  ques- 
tions discussed  by  Prof.  Edward  K. 
Strong,  Jr.,  in  "The  Scientific  Monthly" 
(Utica,  N.  Y.).  An  interesting  phenom- 
enon of  the  last  few  years,  Professor 
Strong  thinks,  has  been  the  unanimity 
with  which  millions  of  men  and  women 
have  conformed  in  their  thinking  and  in 
their  actions  to  what  certain  leaders 
wanted.  Vast  sums  have  been  raised  for 
all  sorts  of  agencies.  Citizens  of  the 
United  States  consented  to  universal 
conscription,  cut  down  their  daily  use  of 
sugar,  closed  their  factories  on  certain 
days,  and  went  without  gasoline  for 
their  autos  voluntarily  and  enthusiasti- 
cally. To  an  extraordinary  degree  men 
and  women  in  nearly  all  countries  have 
co-operated  in  programs  necessitating 
radical  changes  in  their  every-day  life; 
and  they  have  done  so  in  response  to 
suggestions  presented  in  skilfully  con- 
ducted propaganda. 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE  UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Fihst  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  lad. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  lad. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.   OGLETREE 
926  Marina  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Seventh  District,  ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord  St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFY,   Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Hoard  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receiv- 
ing our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter," 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen= 
eral  Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  and 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for, 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  this 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi=» 
nancial  Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand- 
ing who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the   General  Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in- 
to consideration  that  it  is  necessary  to 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the 
names  Of  members  who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  their 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  their 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  are 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attention 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they  will 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financial 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  information 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  and 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  with 
those  who  have  changed  their  address, 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Office 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpose 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  roster 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses, 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

By  carrying  out  the  foregoing  instruc- 
tions you  will  not  only  assist  this  General 
Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of  our 
official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,"  but 
you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  membership 
at  large. 


28 


THE     CARPEX T  E  B 


NOTICE 
In  compliance  with  Section  13,  Par= 
agraph  E,  of  our  General  Constitution, 
the  statistics  which  should  be  published 
in  the  August  issue  of  "The  Carpenter" 
has  not  been  received  at  this  office  from 
our  Recording  Secretaries,  but  just  as 
soon  as  we  receive  the  necessary  data  a 
supplement  will  be  issued  and  forwarded 
to  all  our  Local  Unions. 

FRANK  DUFFY, 

General  Secretary. 
• 

New  Locals  Chartered 

Staugern    Falls,    Ont.,    Can.     (Carpenters    and 

Millwrights.) 
Delano,  Cal.  •  Stanford,  Conn. 

Watts,  Cal.  Oklahoma  City,  Okla. 

Barnesboro,  Pa.  Slaton  City,  Tex. 

Westwood,  N.  J.  Rusk,  Tex. 

Total,  9  Local  Unions. 

• 

McKeesport  Boom  in  Building  Sets 
Record  for  City 

McKeesport,  Pa.,  is  experiencing  a 
building  boom  that  probably  never  has 
been  exceeded  in  the  city's  history.  Dur- 
ing the  first  six  months  of  1922,  309 
building  permits  were  issued  through  the 
office  of  the  city  engineer,  the  estimated 
value  of  the  work,  mostly  residences,  be- 
ing $1,041,428.  The  permits  included 
remodeling  several  downtown  structures. 
• 

A  Product  That  Appeals  To  the 
Housewife 

A  product  that  is  finding  ready  sale 
with  the  housewife  has  just  been  put  on 
the  market  by  the  American  Floor  Sur- 
facing Machine  Company,  Toledo,  O., 
whose  floor  scraping  machines  have 
been  found  so  successful  by  floor  sur- 
facing and  general  contractors.  This 
is  the  "American  High  Speed"  Floor 
Waxing  and  Polishing  Machine  which 
was  designed  especially  for  waxing, 
polishing  and  scrubbing  in  private 
homes.  Larger  machines  are  also  man- 
ufactured for  use  in  hospitals  and  large 
public  buildings. 

The  "American  High  Speed"  Machine 
is  power  driven,  with  a  1-5  horse  power 
electric  motor  that  is  full  ball  bear- 
ing throughout  and  weighs  thirty-five 
pounds.  This  machine  works  as  easily 
as  a  vacuum  cleaner  and  in  much  the 
same  fashion.  It  is  easily  rolled  from 
room  to  room  by  means  of  the  rubber 
tired  truck  wheels  which  are  raised  or 
lowered  by  a  slight  movement  of  the 
foot.  The  machine  is  solidly  built  to 
give  good,  efficient  service  and  yet  does 
not    tire    the    operator.       Scratching    of 


woodwork  and  furniture  is  prevented  by 
a  rubber  bumper  guard.  It  is  a  simple 
operation,  also,  to  change  the  polishing 
brush  to  a  scrubbing  brush. 

Such  a  machine  would  be  an  excellent 
one  for  the  general  contractor  or  car- 
penter to  own,  for  it  would  be  of  great 
service  in  preparing  a  house  or  building 
for  occupancy.  Several  enterprising 
contractors  in  recent  months  have 
bought  "American  High  Speed"  Waxing 
and  Polishing  Machines  and  are  renting 
them  out  to  housekeepers  who  need  such 
a  machine  but  do  not  care  to  purchase 
one. 


The  Altered  World 

By  John  L.   Stoddard. 

The  old,  old  days,  the  old,  old  ways  ! 

I   see   them,   phantom-like   and  sweet, 
Beyond   the   dark,    absymal   gulf 

That   now    hath    opened   at   my   feet 

Those   dear  old    days,    those   sweet   old   ways ! 

Few   now    can    read   of   them   unmoved ; 
But  what  must  they  not  mean  to  those 

Who    in    them    have    both    lived    and    loved ! 

Familiar,  happy,  peaceful  scene, 
Which    seem,    alas,    so    long    ago, 

Ye   are   as   absent  from   this   age 

As    last    year's    melted    drifts    of    snow. 

Today's    raw,    garish    light    reveals, 
Instead    of    order,    lawless   strife—^ 

A    sickening   insecurity 

Of    home,    of    property,    of    life. 

In    place    of    rulers    who    at    least 

Were    honest,    well-disposed    and    just, 

Coarse,    greedy   hordes,   made  money   mad, 
Now    trample    values    into    dust. 

Unlearned,    untrained,    unfit    to    rule, 
Their    clever    chiefs    their    coffers    fill, 

While    specious    promises    and    lies 
Induce   their   dupes   to   do   their  will. 

"Why  work?"  they  ask.     "Your  hour  has  come! 

What  men   have  earned  and  now   possess 
Is    yours    by    right ;    seize,    loot,    enjoy 

Till"     .     .      .     earth    becomes    a    wilderness. 

For   in   their   wreck-strwen    wastes 
Of  squandered   fortune,   ruined  lands, 

Where  famished  fools   perceive   at  last 
That  wealth   comes   not  to   idle   hands. 

A  mad,  mad  world  !      Ideals  gone, 
God    scoffed   at,   morals    disavowed, 

Art    beggered,    mental    work    ill    paid, 
And  jeered   at  by   the  vulgar   crowd  ! 

Dear  old-time   days,    sweet    old-time   ways ! 

I  let   this   vile  new  world    rush    by ; 
Amid   your  pleasures  I   have  lived, 

Amid  your  memories  will  I  die. 


There's  always  a  reason  for  the  morn- 
ing after  the  night  before. 


Why  is  it  that  so  many  trade  unionists 
lose  their  nerve,  so  loudly  extolled  in  the 
meeting  room,  when  they  fail  to  demand 
the  Union  Label  when  making  pur- 
chases? 


CorrQspondQncQ 


Ladies'  Auxiliary  Union  No.  78 

itor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

I  was  greatly  interested  in  the  corn- 
mication  published  from  the  Tulare, 
lifornia  Auxiliary  and  I  take  this  op- 
rtunity  of  bringing  before  the  other 
ixiliaries  the  activities  of  the  Port 
tester  Auxiliary  and  sincerely  hope  it 

II  encourage  other  Auxiliaries  to  great- 
things. 

At  the  time  we  were  chartered  we  had 

■membership  of  10  and  can  now  boast 

}    a  total  of  2.4,  and  increasing  rapidly. 

lr  meetings  are  held  twice  a  month,  ex- 

pt  in   the   very   warm   weather,   when 

I  ey  are  held  but  once  a  month.     They 

Ije  well  attended   at   all   times  for  the 

ason  it  has  been  our  aim  to  make  them 

teresting.     Following  the  meeting  we 

I  mally  serve  refreshments  and  our  hus- 

Lnds  and   friends   participate  in  a   so- 

al  evening. 
\  A  whist  party   was   held   at  the  last 
ssion,  the  prizes  were  provided  for  by 
te  members  of  L.   U.   No.   78,   such  as 
it  glass  for  the  women,  silk  scarfs  and 
'Its  and  other  appropriate  prizes  for  the 
en.      Many    of    the    women    donated 
[  eces  of  art  work,  which  were  chanced 
|j  at  these  affairs  from  which  a  con- 
derable  sum  Avas  realized. 
I  would  not  want   to   create  the  ini- 
:  cession   that   all    our   energies   are   ex- 
ended  on  social  affairs,  for  this  is  not 
ie  purpose  for  which  we  organized.   Our 
rst  aim   is   to   improve   the  true  union 
pint  and  to  patronize  our  friends,  and 
ducate  the  husbands  of  the  wage  earn- 
rs  to  demand  Union  Labeled  goods. 

In  conclusion  I  want  to  advise  our 
waders  that  the  rapid  progress  made  by 
His  young  Auxiliary  is  due,  to  a  great 
xtent,  to  the  loyal  support  received  at 
U  times  from  the  members  of  Carpen- 
ers'  L.  U.  No.  77,  who  are  always  in- 
erested  in  our  reports  of  progress  and 
s  a  reward  for  their  efforts,  we  are  now 
ontemplating  a  picnic  in  the  near 
uture. 

Sincerely  and  fraternally  yours, 

MRS.   ALICE  UOBGER.    Secy. 
Ladies'  Auxiliary  Union  No.  78. 


Look  For  the  Label 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

We  are  continually  in  receipt  of  re- 
quests for  information  from  our  host  of 
friends  wishing  to  be  set  right  as  to 
Union  Labeled  cigarettes  and  tobacco. 

In  reply  to  the  many  questions,  will 
say  that  "Dill's  Best,"  and  all  the  Dill's 
goods,  "Central  Union,"  "Epicure."  and 
all  of  the  United  States'  goods,  "Edge- 
worth,"  and  all  the  Larus  &  Brothers' 
goods,  including  "Relu"  and  "Jumbo" 
cigarettes,  do  not  bear  the  Label,  and 
therefore  not  Union  Made  goods. 

We  do  not  regard  any  tobacco  or  cig- 
arettes Union  Made  unless  they  bear  the 
Label  on  the  package.  Many  of  our 
friends  ask  us  certain  brands  that  they 
have  been  told  are  L'nion  Made.  When 
you  want  to  be  certain  that  a  brand  is 
Union  Made,  see  that  the  Label  is  on  the 
package  the  dealer  hands  you  in  ex- 
change for  your  good  money.  When  the 
Label  is  in  evidence,  you  know  you  are 
right,  and'  can  so  convince  your  chal- 
lenger by  showing  him  the  actual  Label 
and  the  word  of  the  dealer,  who  wishes 
to  sell  what  he  has  in  stock,  as  a  rule, 
has  little  interest  in  what  is  Union  Made 
and  what  is  not.  To  be  sure  you  are 
right,  look  for  the  Label  and  see  that  it 
is  on  what  you  buy. 

There   is   a    world   of   satisfaction   in 
knowing  that  you  are  right. 
Fraternally  yours, 
TOBACCO  WORKERS'  INTERNA- 
TIONAL UNION. 
W.  R.  Walden,  Pres. 

E.  Lewis  Evans,   Sec.-Treas. 


Indorsing  the  Label  of  the  Upholsterers' 
International  Union 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

The  Convention  of  the  Union  Label 
Trades  Department  of  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  held  in  Cincinnati, 
O.,  June  8-9,  1922,  adopted  the  fellow- 
ing  resolution,  which  is  communicated  to 
the  affiliated  International  Unions,  Cen- 
tral Labor  Bodies  and  Union  Label  Sec- 
tions in  accordance  with  the  instructions 
contained  therein : 

Whereas.  The  materials  used  by  some 
employers  in  (he  making  of  upholstered 


30 


THE    CARPENTER 


furniture,  couches,  mattresses  and  cush- 
ions, are  not  always  new  or  sterilized, 
and, 

Whereas,  Some  of  the  hair,  cotton  or 
felt  used  in  the  upholstery  shops  comes 
out  of  discarded  mattresses,  some  of 
which  have  been  used  in  sick  rooms  and 
hospitals,  and, 

Whereas,  The  Union  Label  is  a  sym- 
bol of  sanitary  conditions  and  living 
wages.     Therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Convention  of  the 
Union  Label  Trades  Department  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor  go  on  rec- 
ord as  indorsing  the  Label  of  the  Up- 
holsterers' International  Union  of  North 
America,  and  strongly  urge  the  purchas- 
ing public  to  see  that  the  Label  is  at- 
tached to  upholstered  furniture,  couches, 
mattresses  and  cushions  when  making 
such  purchase. 

With  best  wishes,  I  am, 

Fraternally  yours, 

JOHN  J.   MANNING. 
Secretary-Treasurer,  Union  Label  Trades 
Department. 


A   Progressive  Thinker 

Editor,   "The  Carpenter" : 

Toilers  rights,  equal  the  public's;  big 
business  is  thoroughly  organized,  cap- 
itol  is  putting  millions  of  dollars  in  the 
elections.  Wall  Street  is  running  the 
political  end  of  politics. 

Our  policies  are  framed  by  big  busi- 
ness and  then  voted  on  by  the  toilers. 
"Strikes  in  which  public  peace  has  been 
threatened,  usually  have  been  strikes 
in  which  the  employers  have  created 
the  breach  of  peace  by  the  use  of  thugs, 
armed  guards  and  detectives." 

Labor  has  no  desire  to  cause  incon- 
venience to  the  public  of  which  it  is  a 
part.  The  right  to  strike  must  be  and 
will  be  maintained  not  only  as  a  meas- 
ure of  self  defense  and  self  advancement, 
but  as  a  measure  necessary  to  public 
progress.  "The  strike  has  won  its  right 
to  a  post  of  honor  among  the  institutions 
of  free  civilization  and  the  temporary 
inconvenience  it  has  caused  is  but  small 
price  to  pay  for  the  permanent  benefits 
it  has  brought." 

A.   G.   BLODGETT. 
1238  S.  13th  St.  Omaha,  Neb. 


Prison  Contract  Brooms 

Editor,   "The  Carpenter.": 

During  the  past  year  vacuum  cleaners 
and  other  sweeping  utensils  have  re- 
placed the  broom  to  a  surprising  extent. 


Prison  broom  contractors  have  in- 
creased and  while  the  convicts  enrich 
these  unfair  contractors  the  free  work- 
er in  the  broom  industry  has  worked  but 
half  time;  as  a  consequence  our  mem- 
bers are  all  in  a  bad  financial  condition 
and  consequently  our  organization  has 
suffered  and  as  an  organization  we  are 
in  bad  condition. 

If  we  could  stimulate  the  demand  for 
the  label  it  would  be  of  immense  bene- 
fit to  our  members  and  also  increase  the 
numbers  in  our  organization. 

Two  thousand  dozen  brooms  are  man- 
ufactured by  convict  labor  every  day. 
The  firms  having  contracts  work  their 
plants  every  day  and  as  sale  has  been 
slow  on  brooms  the  prison  contractor 
has  cut  prices  to  below  what  free  labor 
can  manufacture  for. 

If  you  will  aid  us  by  giving  this  letter 
space  in  your  Journal  I  am  sure  it  will 
be  of  great  assistance  to  us  and  assure 
you  that  it  will  be  very  highly  appre- 
ciated. 

Thanking  you  for  any  aid  that  you 
may  give,  I  remain, 

Yours  fraternally,  - 

WILL   R.    BOYER, 
Sec.-Treas.,     International    Broom    and 
Whisk  Makers'  Union. 


Information  Wanted 

Wm.  A.  Skiles,  who  is  shown  in  the 
accompanying  cut,  formerly  a  member 
of  Local  541,  Washington,  Pa.,  was  last 


heard  from  in  March  of  the  present  year. 
Anyone    knowing    of    his     whereabouts 
kindly  address  Mrs.   W.  A.    Skiles,   344 
W.  Chestnut  St.,  Washington,  Pa. 
*      *      * 

Jean  Pierre  Ruppert,  formerly  a  mem- 
ber of  Local  2155  of  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
he  is  47  years  old,  6  ft.  high,  weighs 
about  270  pounds,  and  has  a  large  wart 


THE     CARPENTER 


31 


an  face.  Anyone  knowing  of  his  where- 
abouts kindly  communicate  with  Mrs. 
J.  P.  Ruppert,  Foxlair  Camp,  North 
Creek,  N.  Y. 

*         *         # 

Michael  Golden,  48  years,  5  ft.  8  in., 
weighs  150  pounds,  medium  build,  black 
hair,  blue  eyes,  fair  complexion.  Any- 
lone  knowing  of  his  whereabouts  kindly 
notify  Mrs.  Katherine  Golden,  1247 
Ridge  Ave.,  Evanston,  111. 


A  Crazy  Recitation 

It  was  midnight  on  the  ocean. 

Not  a  street  car  was  in  sight ; 
The  sun  was   shining  brightly, 

And  it   rained  all   day  that   night. 
It   was    evening   and    the    rising   sun 

Was   setting  in    the   west ; 
The  fishes  in  the  pine  trees 

Were   cuddled   in   their  nest. 

'Twas   a   summer    day   in   winter, 

The  snow  was  raining  fast, 
A   barefoot   girl   with   shoes  on 

Was   sitting   on   the  grass. 
The  rain  was  pouring  downward, 

The  moon  was  shining  bright, 
And   everything    that    you    could    see 

Was  hidden  out  of  sight. 

While  the  organ  peeled  potatoes, 

Lard   was   rendered   by   the   choir ; 
While  the  sexton   rang  the  dish  rag, 

Some   one   set   the   church    on   fire. 
"Holy   smoke !"    the   parson    shouted, 

And  the  poor  guy  lost  his  hair  ; 
Now  his  head  is  just  like  Heaven, 

For  there  is   no   parting  there. 


-Ex. 


pany  for  the  exclusive  manufacturing 
rights  to  Anaconda  Lead  in  Oil.  This 
also  is  a  new  product  made  by  the  elec- 
trolytic process  and  is  experiencing  a 
large  demand. 

• 

Facts 

(By  Godfrey.) 

We  are  rapidly  getting  back  to  "nor- 
malcy," low  wages  and  high  prices. 

Congress  will  soon  pass  a  protective 
tariff,  "whadda  ya  mean"  protect? 

There  is  no  profiteering,  the  poor  re- 
tailers have  to  pay  10c  a  pound  for  beef 
and  they  only  get  35c  a  pound  for  it. 

All  honor  to  West  Virginia,  millions 
for  persecution,  but  not  one  cent  for 
tribute,  to  her  creditors. 

The  W.  Md.  Ry.  should  double  track, 
one  for  general  business,  the  other  to 
haul  "scabs"  on. 

It  takes  fifty  white  collar  men  and 
four  dirt  rustlers  to  build  a  mile  of  hard 
road,  some  of  the  white  collar  men  have 
to  be  imported  from  China. 

The  farm  bloc  aims  to  raise  the  price 
of  hides  and  reduce  the  price  of  gaso- 
line. 

Two  Congressmen  from  each  state 
would  be  too  many. 


New    Type    of    Copper    Shingle    To    Be 
Distributed  By  the  Glidden  Co. 

The  Glidden  Company  has  just  closed 
a  contract  with  the  Anaconda  Copper 
Mining  Company  through  one  of  its  sub- 
sidiaries, whereby  The  Glidden  Company 
and  its  affiliated  companies  will  have  the 
selling  rights  on  Anaconda  roofings 
throughout  the  United  States. 

The  building  trade  will  be  particularly 
interested  in  The  Anaconda  Copper 
Mining  Company's  recently  invented 
copper  shingle  that  can  be  supplied  in 
such  colors  as  autumn  red,  russet  brown, 
emerald  green,  peacock  blue,  verdi  green, 
blue  green  and  olive  green  without  the 
necessity  of  painting. 

Anaconda  also  has  invented  and  pat- 
ented a  ductile  zinc  shingle  made  along 
the  same  general  line  for  use  on  less 
expensive  building  operations. 

These  Anaconda  products  will  soon  be 
availabel  through  all  the  distributing 
units  of  The  Glidden  Company  and  its 
associated  companies  throughout  the 
country. 

The  Glidden  Company  has  arranged 
through   the   Anaconda    Products    Corn- 


Get  Busy 

Have  you  brought  a  new  member  into 
the  union  during  the  past  sixty  days,  or, 
have  you  encouraged  some  fellow  who 
has  been  falling  behind  in  his  dues  to 
pay  up  his  indebtedness  to  his  Local 
Union?  How  long  ago  is  it  since  you 
solicited  and  was  successful  in  getting 
a  new  member  into  the  union?  If  you 
have  not  done  this,  if  you  have  just 
plugged  aloong,  paying  your  dues  and 
growling  when  on  the  outside,  you  are 
not  the  right  kind  of  a  union  man. 
Leaving  all  the  work  to  the  officers  is 
not  fair.  Remember,  the  union  is  yours 
as  much  as  it  is  the  officers'.  Remem- 
ber, if  the  union  goes  out  of  business 
you  will  be  the  one  to  suffer.  The  em- 
ployers have  some  trouble  in  reducing 
the  wages  of  their  employes  when  or- 
ganized. They  are  not  always  success- 
ful in  doing  so.  But  amongst  unorgan- 
ized men  and  women,  they  are  not  even 
consulted  about  a  reduction  and  reduc- 
tions are  put  into  effect  every  ninety 
days  without  the  least  consideration  as 
to  the  needs  of  the  workers. — Teamsters' 
Journal, 


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Casual  Comment 


Organization  is  the  keynote  of  the 
hour.  Organize  continually  and  always 
keep  in  mind  the  500,000  we  are  after. 

*  *      * 

No  one  pays  much  attention  now  days 
to  the  5  to  4  vagaries  of  the  Supreme 
Court,  except  in  the  amazement  they 
create.  But  a  recent  ruling  that  base- 
ball is  not  an  article  of  commerce  is 
amusing. 

*  *      * 

The  amusing  part  comes  when  it  is 
remembered  the  same  Supreme  Court 
has  held  that  energy  expended  by  a 
member  of  the  Musicians'  Union  is  an 
article  of  commerce  and  subject  to  the 
regulations  of  the  Sherman  Anti- Trust 
Law. 

*  *      * 

This  was  done  when  the  Court  threw 
out  the  Clayton  Law,  declaring  the  labor 
of  a  human  being  was  not  an  article  of 
commerce.     Some  consistency! 

*  *      * 

The  whole  history  of  the  present  de- 
pression furnishes  further  evidence  that 
our  country  is  much  more  successful 
in  planning  "one-smile-a-day"  cam- 
paigns and  in  sounding  the  note  of  busi- 
ness optimism  than  in  attending  to  the 

problem  of  unemployment. 

*  &      * 

It's  rather  queer  that  the  United 
States  Supreme  Court  can  deny  the 
rights  of  34  states  to  regulate  railroad 
rates,  but  upholds  states'  rights  when 
it  comes  to  exploiting  child  labor.  The 
lives  of  children  don't  amount  to  much, 

but  the  profits  of  railroads  do. 

*  *      * 

A  mine  operator  near  Madera.  Penn.. 
has  notified  his  striking  miners  that  he 
does  not  hold  them  responsible  for  the 
strike  and  in  return  for  their  loyalty  in 
the  past  and  in  an  effort  to  help  them 
over  their  unemployment,  the  rents  of 
their  homes  will  be  reduced  50  per  cent 
and  every  employe  will  be  allotted  a 
garden  plot.     Will  wonders  never  cease? 

If  a  labor  union  can  be  sued,  as  was 
decided  by  the  United  States  Supreme 
Court  in  the  Coronado  case,  then  it  can 
also  sue.  If  a  labor  union  can  sue,  then 
there  is  no  good  reason  why  it  should  not 
utilize  the  law   and   the   courts   for  the 


protection  of  itself,  its  members  and 
their  welfare  against  oppression,  dam- 
age or  outrage.  It's  a  poor  rule  that 
don't  work  both  ways. 

*  *      * 

The  crying  need  of  the  American  labor 
movement  at  this  time  is  a  news  gather- 
ing agency,  which  will  accurately,  and 
as  completely  as  possible,  cover  the  labor 
field  and  leave  editorializing  to  the 
editors  or  to  the  writers  of  special  art- 
icles who  make  no  pretense  of  being 
other  than  partisians. 

*  *      * 

Secretary  Hoover  claims  the  Govern- 
ment has  no  power  to  keep  coal  prices 
down.  Of  course,  it  hasn't.  All  the 
Government  can  keep  down  is  wages. 
For  further  information  consult  the 
awards  of  the  Railway  Labor  Board. 

As  near  as  we  understand  it.  the  Su- 
preme Court  believes  Congres  has  the 
power  to  protect  war  babies  like  the  dye 
interests,  but  protecting  children  of  the 

working  class  is  another  matter. 

*  %      % 

The  .difference  between  rumor  and 
fact  is  that  the  Government  hears  that 
coal  prices  are  being  increased  and  those 

who  pay  the  bills  are  sure  of  it. 

*  *      * 

Congress  has  failed  to  meet  the  re- 
sponsibility placed  upon  it  by  the  great 
war.  It  has  proved  its  inefficiency  in 
a  great  crisis.  It  has  proved  that  only 
those  who  are  well-to-do  or  control  great 
interests  can  induce  Congress  to  listen. 

'Tis  sad  but  true. 

*  *      * 

The  Ship  Subsidy  Bill  will  turn  over 
to  big  business  three  and  a  half  billions 
of  dollars  worth  of  property  for  a  consid- 
eration of  two  hundred  million  and  the 
purchasers  will  be  given  15  years  in' 
which  to  pay.  Ford's  offer  for  Muscle 
Shoals  means  that  the  Government  will 
get  back  every  cent  it  has  put  into  the 
project.      Ship    subsidy    great   all   right; 

Ford's  offer  is  all  wrong? 

*  *      * 

To  secure  "can't  strike"  laws,  the  pol- 
itical and  editorial  parrots  of  privilege 
talk  of  the  public's  welfare.  This,  of 
course,  is  incorrect.  Privilege,  true  to  its 
history,    is    only   interested   in   its   own 


THE    CARPENTER 


35 


welfare.  It  exploits  the  public  and  has 
robbed  the  people  of  every  natural  re- 
source. 

*  *      * 

The  Studebaker  Corporation,  an  auto- 
mobile manufacturing  concern,  it  is  re- 
ported, cleared  $4,069,072  profit  in  the 
first  three  months  of  this  year.  The 
company    is     operating    under    reduced 

wages. 

*  ♦      $ 

The  actions  of  some  judges  leads  one 
to  believe  that  the  only  thing  they  see 
wrong  with  the  theory  of  the  "Divine 
Right     of     Kings"     is     that     the     word 

|   "judge"      should     be      substituted     for 

I   "king." 

*  *      * 

"Whenever    a    considerable    group    of 
wage  earners  voluntarily  suspend  work 
j  to  enforce  better  living  conditions  stern 
demand   is    made    that    "industry    func- 
tion." 

*  *      * 

But  no  demand  has  been  made  upon 
;  the  profiteers   who,    under  the   name  of 

the  so-called  open  shop  are  seeking  to 
;  destroy  'Organized  Labor  and  pauperize 

the  wage  earners. 

*  *      * 
Recognition  is  due  Mexico  and  Amer- 

i  ican  labor's  demand  is  both  timely  and 

just. 

*  ♦    .  $ 

Two  years  ago  Governor  Allen  as- 
pired to  the  presidency  of  the  United 
States  and  today  he  is  being  discouraged 
in  even  getting  the  nomination  for  rep- 
resentative to  the  Legislature  from  his 
home  County.  How  the  mighty  hath 
fallen! 

As  compared  with  the  general  down- 
ward trend  of  wages,  the  price  of  life's 
necessities,  by  some  peculiar  influence, 
seems  to  be  able  to  set  at  defiance  all 
the  laws  of  God  and  man. 

Did  you  ever  notice  that  every  time 
the  workers  get  a  little  more  pay,  there 
is  somebody  always  ready  to  take  it 
away  from  them,  so  that  in  the  end  the 
advance  in  wages  was  of  no  benefit? 
This  "somebody"  is  the  middleman,  and 
to  eliminate  him  it  is  necessary  to  co- 
operate. 

*  *      * 

Since  the  United  States  Railroad  La- 
bor Board  reduced  wages  because  of  the 
lower  cost  of  living,  it  is  comforting  to 
read  the  announcement  that  the  Ameri- 


can Woolen  Company  has  advanced  the 
price  of  clothing  material  from  10c  to 
30c  a  yard. 

*  *      * 

The  Supreme  Court  of  North  Carolina, 
one  of  the  states  where  little  children 
are  denied  education  and  herded  in  cot- 
ton mills  to  sweat  out  profit  for  million- 
aires, has  decided  that  "public  schools 
are  not  a  public  necessity." 

*  *      * 

Did  you  ever  go  fishing?  You  have 
to  humor  your  fish.  First  one  kind  of 
bait,  then  another.  Lots  of  long  wait- 
ing, times  when  they  won't  do  anything 
but  nibble.  Often  you  have  to  give  them 
plenty  of  line.  The  same  tactics  and 
patience  are  needed  when  you  are  fish- 
ing for  new  members. 

*  *      * 

The  American  Federation  of  Labor 
demonstrated  that  it  doesn't  intend  to 
play  the  part  of  a  sheep  and  stupidly 
wait  to  be  slaughtered,  when  it  decided 
to  establish  a  legal  department  in  Wash- 
ington and  employ  the  best  legal  talent 
possible. 

*  *      * 

No  advance  has  ever  been  made  by 
the  workers  at  any  time  in  the  history 
of  the  world  that  the  unorganized  have 
been  responsible  for!  They  are  the  in- 
articulate mass  that  must  be  dragged  up 
whenever  an  advance  is  made. 

*  *      * 

The  estate  left  by  William  Rockefeller 
is  estimated  at  $20,000,000.  A  wage 
earner  making,  say,  $50  a  week  and  by 
beating  his  landlord  and  the  grocer  and 
wearing  rummage  sale  clothes  and  by 
putting  half  of  his  wages  away  he  would 
have  the  same  amount  in  154,000  years. 
That  is  the  way  all  the  great  financiers 
say  they  get  rich — start  today. 

*  *      * 

It  makes  one  gasp  for  breath  when 
one  reads  the  latest  financial  reports  in 
the  columns  of  the  press,  that  a  billion 
dollar  steel  trust  is  to  take  over  fourteen 
of  the  biggest  independent  steel  cor- 
porations in  this  country.  Oh,  well, 
these  financial  giants  can't  take  their 
gold  with  them  when  they  die,  and  if 
they  did  it  would  only  melt. 

*  *      * 

Some  writers  in  holding  a  brief  for  the 
"open  shop"  prove  statistically  that  the 
"closed  shop"  is  the  better.  We  refer 
specifically  to  the  article  under  the  cap- 
tion "Our  Position  Proven,"  which  ap- 
pears in  this  issue. 


■ 


Our   Last   General    Convention 


recommended    that    we 


Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising  of  the  Union  Label  of 
:he  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
be  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
and  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
that  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 

PLAYING  CARDS 

(Illustration  below) 


We  -want  to  get  the 
advertising  of  our 
Label  in  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  homes, 
as  well  as  clubs,  etc. 
Ir  is  an  indisputable 
fact  that  a  depend- 
able grade  of  play- 
ing cards  with  "ad" 
on  back,  carries  the 
message  of  PUB- 
LICITY —  not  for  a 
day — but  IMPRES- 
SIVELY and  for  in- 
definite period. 
With  our  four  hun- 
dred thousand  mem- 
bers to  use  and  dis- 
rribute  the  adver- 
tisement that  these 
cards  carry,  wonder- 
ful results  will  be 
achieved. 

You  won't  have  to 
apologize  for  the 
quality  of  the  Broth- 
erhood playing 
cards. 


AND  JOINERS  OFAMERICA. 


'V3IM3WVJ0  SH3NI0P  QNV 


The  cards  will  be 
furnished  in  either 
(or  both'  regular 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  are 
urged  to  carry  a 
supply  of  cards  on 
hand  to  meet  de- 
mands at  all  times. 

We  hope  our  entire 
membership  will  in- 
terest themselves  in 
seeing  that  their 
friends  use  Brother- 
hood cards. 

There  is  but  a  small 
percentage  of  people 
who  don't  use  play- 
ing cards  for  inno- 
cent amusement, 
hence  the  opportun- 
ity is  big  for  adver- 
tising our  Label 
through  this  me- 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

and  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing  a  grade  of  cards 
fully  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  the 
cards  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders,  accompanied  by  remittance,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary., 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 


Trado  NotQS 


Carpenters  Meet  October  13th 

The  First  Annual  Convention  of  the 
llinois  State  Carpenters'  Council  will 
onvene  at  Rockford,  on  Friday,  October 
3,  1922.  The  meeting  will  last  three 
ays  and  over  a  hundred  delegates  are 
xpected  to  attend. 

W.  K.  Brown  of  Peoria  is  Chairnian 
nd  will  preside  over  the  meeting.  Louis 
hillinger  of  Bloomington  is  Secretary- 
treasurer.  Forty-two  Locals  are  affili- 
ted  at  this  time  comprising  a  member- 
hip  of  8,000  journeymen. 

Reports  from  Locals  indicate  that 
i-ork  is  fair  and  at  one  point,  Spring- 
.eld,  there  is  an  actual  shortage  of  car- 
enters. 

*  *      * 

Spring  Valley,  New  York,  District 
Council  advises  that  the  strike  of  L.  U. 
>To.  389  of  Tuxedo  and  L.  U.  No.  1162 
j't  Suffern,  has  been  won  and  all  the 
ontractors,  except  one,  has  signed  an 
greement.  The  Tuxedo  Local  won 
heir  demand  for  an  increase  in  wages 
f  from  $6  to  $8  a  day  and  the  Suffern 
iOcal  held  the  $8  which  the  contractors 
(panted  reduced  to  $6.  The  Builders' 
association  in  that  district  has  been 
orced  out  of  existence  and  the  contrac- 
ors  have  signed  up  individually. 

*  *      * 

Large  contractors  in  Springfield, 
lass.,  have  granted  the  demand  of  or- 
tanized  carpenters  that  wages  be  in- 
reased  from  85c  to  $1  an  hour. 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 

British   employers   agreed   to  suspend 

heir  lockout  of  union  machinists.    Near- 

y  500,000  men  are  affected. 
*      *      * 

It  is  estimated  that  3,500,000  work- 
ng  days  were  lost  in  Great  Britain  in 
»larch  owing  to  labor  disputes  involving 
!80,000  workers,  the  principal  disputes 
>eing  in  the  engineering  and  shipbuild- 
ug  industries. 

:|:  .-j:  :|s 

The  Holland  States  General  has 
>assed  a  new  law  modifying  the  Labor 
^■ct,  increasing  the  time  of  labor  iy2 
lours  daily,  or  to  48  hours  weekly. 


By  a  vote  of  99,000  to  40,000,  repre- 
sentatives of  47  British  engineering 
unions  whose  600,000  workers  have 
been  locked  out  since  May  1,  decided  to 
accept  the  employers'  terms. 

*  *      * 

In  Belgium  women  have  been  em- 
ployed in  the  railway,  postal  and  tele- 
graph service  since  1882. 

Women  physicians  in  Japan,  although 
rare,  have  been  remarkably  successful  in 
their  practice. 

The  weaving  of  cotton,  one  of  the 
chief  industries  of  Corea,  is  mostly  car- 
ried on  by  the  country  women  at  home. 

There  is  hardly  any  kind  of  manual 
labor  that  Finnish  women  will  not  turn 
their  hands  to.  It  is  a  common  sight 
in  that  country  to  see  them  working  as 
stone  masons  and  carpenters. 

*  *      * 

The   Polish  Diet   has    enacted   a   law 

requiring    an  annual    vacation    of    two 

weeks     with  pay     for     all     industrial 
workers. 

The  threatened  lockout  of  operatives 
in  the  British  cotton  spinning  trade  to 
the  number  of  140,000  has  been  averted. 
The  dispute  was  over  the  action  of  the 
workers  at  Royton  and  Middleton  in  the 
Oldham  district,  who  were  on  .strike 
against  a  new  wage  cut,  the  Master  Cot- 
ton Spinners'  Federation  deciding  to  look 
out  the  other  workers  unless  the  strikers 
returned.  The  men  have  returned  to 
work. 


Today 

yesterday's  gone — it  was  only  a  dream  ; 

Of  the  past  there  is  naught  but  remembrance. 
Tomorrow's  a  vision  thrown  on  Hope's  screen. 

A  will-o'-the-wisp,  a  mere  semblance. 

This  moment  my  past  and  my  future  I  form  ; 

I  may  make  them  whatever  I  choose 
By  the  deeds  and  the  acts  that  I  now  perform. 

By  the  words  and  the  thoughts  that  I  use. 

So   I  fear  not  the  future  nor  mourn   o'er   the 
past 
For  I  do  all  I'm  able  today. 
Living   each    present  moment   as   though   'twere 
my  last  ; 
Perhaps  it  is  !     Who  knows  ?    Who  shall  say  ? 
— Exchange. 


38 


THE     CARPENTER 


Watch  Your  Step 

Every  minute  twenty-one  persons 
meet    with    accidents. 

Every  minute  five  of  these  injured 
persons  die. 

Twenty- one  in  a  minute,  sixty  min- 
utes in  an  hour,  twenty-four  hours  in  a 
day.  three  hundred  .sixty-five  days  in  a 
year. 

We  are  not  going  to  figure  that  out 
for  you.  It  will  be  very  much  more  im- 
pressive if  you  do  it  for  yourselves.  And 
the  result  will  amaze  you. 

Safety  first;     Be  careful! 


Ingersoll  On  Labor  Problem 

Capital  has  alvrays  claimed,  and 
claims  the  right  to  combine.  Manufac- 
turers meet  and  determine  prices,  even 
in  spite  of  the  great  law  of  supply  and 
demand.  Have  the  laborers  the  same 
right  to  consult  and  combine?  -The  rich 
meet  in  the  bank,  the  clubhouse  or  par- 
lor. Workingxnen.  when  they  combine 
gather  in  the  street.  All  the  organized 
forces  of  society  are  against  them.  Cap- 
ital has  the  Army  and  Navy,  the  legis- 
lative, judicial  and  executive  depart- 
ments. When  the  rich  combine  it  is 
for  the  purpose  of  exchanging  ideas. 
When  the  poor  combine  it  is  a  conspi- 
racy. If  they  act  in  concert,  if  they 
really  do  something,  it  is  a  mob.  If 
they  defend  themselves,  it  is  treason. 
How  is  it  that  the  rich  control  the  De- 
partments of  the  Government?  In  this 
country  the  political  power  is  equally 
divided  among  men.  There  are  certainly 
more  poor  than  there  are  rich.  Why 
should  the  rich  control?  Why  should 
not  the  laborers  combine  for  the  purpose 
of  controlling  the  executive,  legislative 
and  judicial  departments.  Will  they  ever 
find  out  how  powerful  they  are? 

In  every  country  there  is  a  satisfied 
class  — too  satisfied  to  care.  The  satis- 
fied class  asks  no  questions  and  answers 
none.  They  believe  the  world  is  as  it 
should  be.  All  reformers  are  simply 
disturbers  of  peace.  When  they  talk 
low  they  should  not  be  listened  to ; 
when  they  talk  loud  they  should  be  sup- 
pressed. 

The  truth  is  today  what  it  always  will 
be — those  who  feel  are  the  ones  who 
think.  A  cry  comes  from  the  oppressed, 
from  the  hungry,  from  the  down-trod- 
den, from  the  unfortunates,  from  the 
men  who  despair  and  from  the  women 
who  weep.     There  are  times  when  med- 


icants   become  a   flag   under   which  the 
noblest  and  bravest  battle  for  right. 

It  is  impossible  for  a  man  with  a 
good  heart  to  be  satisfied  with  the  world 
as  it  now  is.  No  one  can  truly  enjoy 
what  he  earns — what  he  knows  to  be 
his  own — knowing  that  millions  of  his 
fellow  men  are  in  misery  and  want.. 
When  we  think  of  the  famished  we  feel 
that  it  is  almost  heartless  to  eat.  To 
meet  the  ragged  and  the  shivering  makes 
one  almost  ashamed  to  be  well  dressed 
and  warm — one  feels  their  bodies. — 
Robert  G.  Ingersoll. 

• 

Jere  L.  Sullivan  Says: 

"Whenever  you  become  tired  of  list- 
ening to  members  boast  about  the  num- 
ber of  new  members  they  have  induced 
to  become  members  of  your  Local  Union 
you  may  be  in  a  fair  way  to  becoming 
inoculated  with  the  organizing  bug. 

"A  sure  method  of  preventing  boast- 
ing in  your  presence,  is  to  be  able  to 
match  the  record  made  by  the  other  fel- 
low. The  first  and  necessary  step  is  to 
obtain  from  the  .Secretary  the  required 
application  forms,  the  next  move  is  to 
locate  your  prospect  and  begin  peeling 
oft  convincing  language — the  kind  tbat 
sells  the  goods/' 


"Safety  Last" 

Lies  slumbering  here  one  William 
Lake;  heard  the  bell,  but  had  no  brake. 

At  fifty  miles  drove  Olie  Pidd;  he 
thought  he  would  not  skid,  but  he  did. 

At  ninety  miles  drove  Eddie  Shawn, 
the  motor  stopped  but  "Ed"  kept  on. 

Here  he  sleeps,  one  Johnnie  Fonker; 
he  rounded  a  turn  without  a  honker. 

Down  in  the  creek  sleeps  Jerry  Bass: 
the  bridge  was  narrow,  he  tried  to  pass. 

Beneath  this  stone  sleeps  William 
Raines ;  ice  on  the  hill,  he  had  no  chains. 

Here  lies  the  body  of  William  Jay: 
who  died  maintaining  his  right  of  way. 

Here  rests  the  remains  of  Percival 
Saap;  he  drove  his  machine  with  a  girl 
in  his  lap. 


Money  spent  by  trade  unionists  for 
non-union  goods  or  for  non-union  labor 
of  an3'  kind  gives  aid  and  comfort  to  the 
"open  shoppers." 

£  *  * 

Benjamin  Franklin  said:  "Gain  may 
be  temporary  and  uncertain,  but  ex- 
pense   is    constant    and    certain."      Buy 

Thrift  Stamps  and  W.  S.  S. 


Craft  Probloms 


SEVEN  PROBLEMS  FOR  PRACTICE   IN  FRAMING  ROOFS 
OF  EQUAL  PITCH 

(By  Richard  M.  "Van  Gaasbeek.) 
(School  of  Science  and  Technology,  Pratt  Institute,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.) 

(Reprint  From  "A  Practical  Course  in  Roof  Framing; 
T.  J.  Drake  &  Co.,  Publishers,  Chicago,  111.) 

(Continued  From  August  Issue.) 


Specifications 

PROBLEM  No.  4 

Hip  and  valley  rafters,   %  in.  by  1% 
in. 

Common   and  jack  rafters,    %   in.  by 
%  in- 

Ridge,  %  in.  by  1%  in. 


FIG.  TPV 

Projection,   1%   in. 

Facia,   %  in. 

Plancher  level  to  plate  level,  1%  in. 


Pitch,  11  in.  rise  in  1  ft.  (11-24 
pitch). 

Dimensions   (see  plan,  Fig.  14). 

Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  centers 

In  framing  the  main  rafters  run  hips 
A  and  B  and  D  from  ridge  N  to  the  plate, 
giving  support  for  valleys  C,  F,  H  and 
I.  Run  valley  H  from  facia  line  to  hip 
B.  Hip  rafter  B  should  be  backed  the 
entire  length  on  one  side  and  the  backing 
stopped  at  the  intersection  of  valley  H 
on  the  other  side,  beginning  from  ridge 
N.  A  should  be  backed  the  entire  length 
on  one  side  and  on  the  other  side  the 
backing  should  begin  at  ridge  N  and  stop 
at  the  intersection  of  valley  I.  Hip  D 
should  be  backed  the  entire  length  on 
one  side  and  on  the  other  side  the  back- 
ing should  begin  at  ridge  N  and  stop  at 
the  intersection  of  valley  F. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevations.  Figs. 
15  and  16.  Set  up  ridge  N  first,  sup- 
ported by  hips  A,  B,  D  and  E.  Then 
valley  C  and  ridge  K.  supported  by  a 
pair  of  No.  2l!  coininonrafters.  Then 
valley  H  and  G,  and  ridge  L.  supported 
by  a  pair  of  No.  42  common  rafters. 
Then  valley  I  and  ridge  J,  supported  by 
a  pair  of  No.  14  common  rafters,  and 
lastly  valley  F  and  ridge  M,  supported 
by  a  pair  of  No.  36  common  rafters. 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


Fig.   15 


Fig.  16 


THE     CARPENTER 


41 


RUNS  AND  LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS   USED   IN  FRAMING 
PROBLEM  NO.  4—11=24  PITCH 


No.  of 

Quantity  of 

Rafters 

Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

1 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

8%" 

Jack  rafters 

2 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

"            ' 

3 

1    " 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

"            ' 

4 

1 

8' 

0" 

10' 

10%" 

"            ' 

5 

1 

10' 

0" 

13' 

6%" 

11           < 

6 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

3%" 

tt           « 

7 

2 

14' 

0" 

IS' 

11%" 

<i           < 

8 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

3%" 

<<           tt 

9 

1 

8' 

0" 

10' 

10%" 

Cripple  rafters 

10 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

"             •' 

11 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

8y2" 

Jack  rafters 

12 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5Ys" 

a                 a 

13 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

"                  " 

14 

4 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

Common  rafters 

15 

6 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5y8" 

Cripple  rafters 

16 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

8y2" 

Jack  rafters 

17 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5y8" 

"           " 

18 

1    " 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

a           tt 

19 

1    " 

8' 

0" 

10' 

10  y4" 

a           n 

20 

1 

10' 

0" 

13' 

6%" 

tt           a 

21 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

3%" 

a           a 

22 

10 

12' 

0" 

16' 

3%" 

Common  rafters 

23 

3 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

Cripple  rafters 

24 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

U                         (( 

25 

1 

8' 

0" 

10' 

10  y4" 

a                   ti 

26 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

3%" 

it                   a 

27 

1 

14' 

0" 

18' 

11%" 

Jack  rafters 

28 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

3%" 

a                 a 

29 

1 

10' 

0" 

13' 

6%" 

II                  «< 

30 

1 

8' 

0" 

19' 

10  y4" 

«<                 << 

31 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

a                n 

32 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

a                a 

33 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

8y2" 

(<                 (< 

34 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5y8" 

"                 " 

35 

1    " 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

II                ti 

36 

4 

10' 

0" 

13' 

6%" 

Common  rafters 

37 

1 

10' 

0" 

13' 

6%" 

Jack  rafters 

38 

1 

8' 

0" 

10' 

10  y4" 

«           « 

39 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

8%" 

a           n 

40 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

a                   ti 

41 

1  pair 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

Jack  rafters 

42 

2 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

Common  rafters 

43 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

5%" 

Jack  rafters 

44 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

1%" 

"           " 

45 

3 

6' 

0" 

S' 

1%" 

Cripple  rafters 

A 

1 

16' 

11%" 

20' 

2%" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

B 

1 

16' 

11%" 

20' 

2%" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

C 

1 

16' 

11%" 

20' 

2%" 

Hip  rafters 

D 

1 

16' 

11%" 

20' 

2%" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

E 

1 

19' 

9%" 

23' 

7%" 

Hip  rafters 

F 

1 

14' 

1%" 

16' 

10  y4" 

Valley  rafters 

G 

1 

8' 

5%" 

10' 

1%" 

11            it 

H 

1 

11' 

3%" 

13' 

5    " 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

I 

1 

8' 

5%" 

10' 

1%" 

Valley  rafters 

J 

1 

8' 

0" 

8' 

0" 

Ridge 

K 

1 

20' 

0" 

20' 

0" 

" 

L 

1 

8' 

0" 

8' 

0" 

a 

M 

1 

12' 

0" 

12' 

0" 

*       a 

N 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

0" 

" 

Figures  used  on  the  steel  square. — Common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  11  in.  on 
tongue,  12  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts. 
Top  cut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue,  16 14  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on 
blade  for  top  cut.     Hip  and  valley  rafters,  11  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.     Mark 


42 


THE     CARPEXTER 


on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts.     Top  cut  for  hip  and  valley 
rafters,  8%  in.  on  tongue  and  10%  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  blade  for  top  cut. 


Specifications 
PROBLEM   No.   5 
Plate,   %  in.  by  2  in. 
Hip  and  valley  rafters.    %   in.  by   1T4 

Common  and  jack  rafters,    E5    in.   by 
i  in. 

Ridge.   3S   in.  by  lTs  in. 
Projection.  2  in. 

Facia.    55  in. 


Pianeher  level  to  plate  level.  1*4  in. 
Pitch  10  in.  rise  in  1  ft.   (5-12  pitch) 
Dimensions   (see  plan,  Fig.  17). 


Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  center-. 

In  framing  the  main  rafters  run  hip  B 
from  the  facia  line  to  ridge  I.  giving  sup- 
port for  valley  H.  Run  Pip-  C  from  ridge 
K  to  the  wall  line,  giving  support  for 
valleys  E  and  G.  Run  ridge  K  from  the 
intersection  of  hips  C  to  hip  A.  giving 
support  for  valley  D  and  hip  F.  Hip  B 
should  be  backed  the  entire  length  on 
one  side  and  from  ridge  I  to  the  inter- 
section  of  valley  H  on  the  other  side. 
One  hip  rafter  marked  C  should  be 
backed  the  entire  length  on  one  side  and 
from  ridge  K  to  the  intersection  of  val- 
ley E  on  the  other  side.  The  other  hip 
marked  C  should  be  backed  the  entire 
length  on  one  side  and  from  ridge  K  to 
"he  intersection  of  val>y  G  on  the  other 
side.  Valley  I>  should  be  backed  the 
entire  length  on  one  side  only. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevations.  Figs. 
IS  and  19.  Set  up  ridge  H  first,  sup- 
ported by  hip-  A  and  B.  Then  ridge  K, 
supported  by  hips  C.  Then  valley  D  and 
hip  F.  Then  valley  E  and  ridge  J.  sup- 
ported by  a  pair  of  No.  IS  common  raf- 
ters. Then  valley  G  and  ridge  L.  sup- 
ported by  a  pair  of  No.  28  common  raf- 
ters, and  lastly  valley  H  and  ridge  31, 
supported  by  a  pair  of  No.  37  common 
rafters. 


Fig.  IS 


perb  110-piece  Set,  with  inl- 
olaces  in  wreath  with  6-color 
ons  on  every  niece  and  gold 
bandies,  consists  of: 
>r  Plates,  9  inches 
tfast  Plates,  7  inches 


12  Soup  Plates,  75£  inches 
12  Cereal  Dishes,  6  inches 
12  Fruit  Dishes,  5%  inches 
12  Individual  Bread  and 

Batter  Plates,  &i  inches 
1  Platter,  13K  inches 


1  Platter,  11£  inches 
1  Celery  DiBh  8£  inches 
1  Sauce  Boat  Tray,  1%  inches 
1  Butter  Plate,  6  inches 
1  Vegetable  Dish,  10K  inches, 
with  lid  (2  pieces) 


Brings  110-Piece  Gold  Decorated 
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not  satisfied,  return  them  and  we  refund  your  $1  and  pay  transportation 
charges  both  ways.    If  you  keep  them,  take  nearly  a  year  to  pay  on 


1  Deep  Bowl,  83^  inches 

1  Oval  Baker,  9  inches 

1  Small  Deep  Bowl,  5  inches 

1  Gravy  Boat,  7>£  inches 

1  Creamer 

1  Sugar  Bowl  with  cover(2  pieces) 


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44 


THE     CARPENTER 


RUNS  AND    LENGTHS   OF   RAFTERS    USED    IN   FRAMING 
PROBLEM   NO.   5—5-12   PITCH 


No.     : 

Quar.r::v  of 

P:.z:--rs 

|      Rafters 

Rons 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

1 

2^   pair 

2 

0" 

2'      7%" 

Jack  rafters 

■ 

--,      •' 

6' 

0" 

T     9%" 

.. 

*> 

0 

2          « 

6' 

0" 

:•     9%" 

.. 

4 

2          " 

8' 

0" 

10' 

<i           11 

5 

" " 

10' 

0" 

13'      0% 

.. 

•5 

2          " 

12' 

0" 

13'      7% 

M 

7 

2 

14' 

0" 

18'     2%" 

S 

1 

14' 

0" 

18'     2%" 

Cripple  rafters 

9 

1 

10' 

0" 

13'     0*4' 

« 

10 

1 

6* 

0" 

7       9%" 

<< 

11 

1 

2' 

0" 

2'      7%" 

12 

5 

6' 

0" 

T'      9%" 

13 

1 

4- 

0" 

5'      2%" 

" 

14 

5 

_■' 

0" 

2'      7 :,   ■ 

15 

1  pair 

2* 

0" 

_■     7^4*' 

Jack  rafters 

16 

1 

4' 

0" 

5'      2    . 
7,     9%„ 

.. 

17 

1 

6* 

0" 

.. 

18 

5 

6' 

0" 

7'     9%" 

Common  rafters 

19 

1 

5' 

0" 

7'      &V" 

Jack  rafters 

20 

1 

4' 

0" 

5'     2M" 

Cripple  rafters 

21 

1 

8' 

0" 

10'     5" 

.. 

__ 

1 

12' 

0" 

15"      7%" 

Jack  rafters 

■--, 

1 

10' 

0" 

13'     0*4" 

a 

24 

1 

i' 

0" 

10'      0 

.. 

25 

1 

6' 

0" 

7'     9%" 

it 

26 

1 

4' 

0" 

5'      214" 

a                 M 

27 

1 

4' 

0" 

5'      2%" 

Cripple  rafters 

l^ 

1 

& 

0" 

7'      :^" 

" 

-> 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2'     7%" 

Jack  rafters 

30 

1     • 

<  ■ 

0" 

5'      2^" 

31 

1 

6' 

0" 

7'      S%" 

it 

32 

1 

S" 

0" 

10'     : 

a                 a 

33 

5 

S' 

0 

10'      0 

Common  rafters 

34 

1  pair 

1 

0" 

r    3%" 

Jack  rafters 

0." 

1    " 

3' 

0" 

3'  10%" 

<<           it 

SO 

1  pair 

5' 

0" 

6*     6%" 

Jack  rafters 

37 

1    " 

7' 

0" 

9'     1%" 

«                  a 

38 

1 

12' 

0" 

15'     7*4" 

<(                 a 

39 

1 

10' 

0" 

13'     0%" 

M                      U 

40 

1 

_■ 

0" 

2'      7*4" 

" 

A 

1    pair 

19' 

::-V 

22'  11%" 

Hip  rafters 

B 

1 

19' 

ov 

22'    11%" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

C 

1   7,  air 

14' 

1%" 

16'      5" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

Jj 

1 

16' 

11 V' 

19'     8%" 

Valley  rafters 

E 

1 

8, 

5%" 

9'  IO14" 

.. 

F 

1 

■_■ 

10'' 

3'     3%" 

Hip  rafters 

G 

1 

11* 

"V 

13'     1%" 

Valley  rafters 

H 

1 

9' 

10  V 

11'     5%" 

.. 

I 

1 

2' 

0" 

2       0" 

Ridge 

J 

1 

~Ji 

0" 

10'     0" 

M 

K 

1 

6' 

0" 

6*     0" 

<< 

— 

- 

10' 

0" 

10*     0" 

" 

:■•: 

1 

7' 

•'.'•■ 

7-      0" 

Figures  used  on  the  steel  square. — Common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters.  10  in.  on 
tongue.  12  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  all 
level  cuts.  Top  cut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters.  12  in.  on  tongue.  15%  in.  on  blade. 
Mark  ou  blade  for  top  cut.  Hip  and  valley  rafters.  10  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade. 
Mark  on  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  all  level  cuts.  Top  cut  for  hip 
and  valley  rafters,  8%  in.  on  tongue,  9%  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  blade  for  top  cut. 


THE    CARPENTER 


45 


Fig.   19 


Specifications 

PROBLEM  No.  6 
Plate,   %  in.  by  2l/2  in. 
Hip  and  valley  rafters,  %  in.  by  1% 

Common  and  jack  rafters,    %   in.  by 
i  in. 
Ridge,   %  in.  by  1%  in. 


(main  roof),   2  in.,    (dor- 
( dormer), 


Projection, 
ier,  1  in. 

Facia,   (main  roof),   %  in., 
'■>  in. 

Plancher  level  to  plate  level,  (main 
M)f),  2  in.,   (dormer),  1  in. 

Pitch,  12  in.  rise  in  1  ft.  ( y2  pitch) . 

Dimensions,    (see  plan,  Fig.  20). 

Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  centers. 

In  framing  the  main  rafters  run  hip  B 
•om  ridge  L  to  the  facia  line,  giving 
jpport  for  valleys  C  and  E.  Run  valley 
i  from  hip  B  to  the  facia  line,  giving 
apport  for  valley  D.  Run  valley  F 
•om  ridge  L  to  the  wall  line,  giving  sup- 
3rt  for  valley  G  and  ridge  O.     Run  ridge 

from  the  wall  line  to  valley  F,  giving 
lpport  to  valley  J,  hip  K  and  valley  H. 
un  valley  H  from  the  wall  line  to  ridge 
,  giving  support  for  dormer  valley  I  and 
dge  P.  Hip  B  should  be  backed  the 
itire  length  on  one  side  and  from  ridge 

to  the  intersection  of  valley  C  on  the 

her  side.     Hip  F  should  be  backed  the 

itire  length  on  one  side  and  from  ridge 

to  the  intersection  of  valley  G  on  the 


other  side.  A  section  through  the  dor- 
mer is  shown  in  Fig.  21,  which  shows  a 
method  for  determining  the  height  of  the 
dormer  plate  above  the  main  plate  of  the 
building.    - 

The  dormer  is  formed  by  the  intersec- 
tion of  valleys  M  and  I  and  the  jack 
rafters  and  ridge  Q  are  shown  in  their 
respective  locations  corresponding  to  the 
plan  of  the  roof,  Fig.  20.     The  outside 


FIG.  XX 

walls  of  the  dormer  are  built  up  on  the 
top  of  jack  rafters  53,  which  makes  the 
run  of  dormer  common  rafters  No.  62, 
3  3-16  in.,  plus  the  projection  1  in.,  or 


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a  total  run  of  4  3-16  in.  Draw  a  profile 
of  dormer  common  rafter  No.  62.  a- 
shown  in  Fig.  21  and  determine  the 
plate  level  and  birdsmouth  in  accordance 
with  the  requirements  of  the  specifica- 
tions. 

Draw  the  center  line  of  ridge  P  from 
the  intersection  of  valleys  H  and  I  and 
mark  off  the  run  of  the  ridge  8  in.,  and 
produce  the  wall  line,  common  rafter  No. 
62  being  also  in  line  with  the  wall  line. 
Through  the  point  of  intersection  of  the 
wall  lines  as  at  S,  Fig.  21,  draw  in  the 
top  edge  of  common  rafter  No.  53  and 
develop  the  idate  level  and  birdsmouth 
of  the  main  rafters  in  accordance  with 
the  requirements  of  the  specifications, 
measure  from  wall  line  B,  2  in  width  of 
the  projection,  and  produce  facia  bine  A. 
Measure  down  on  facia  line  A  from  the 
rop  edge  of  the  rafter  %  in.,  and  pro- 
duce plancher  level  F.  Measure  up  from 
plan cher  F.  measuring  on  a  plumb  fine  2 
in.,  locating  plate  level  G.  The  distance 
from  plate  level  G  to  the  top  of  the 
dormer  plate,  or  4  15-16  in.,  gives  the 
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THE    CARPENTER 


47 


inp  is  placed  on  the  top  edge  of  com- 
lon  rafter  No.  53,  the  height  of  the 
late  above  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  is 
%  in. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
ifters  as  shown  in  the  elevations,  Figs. 
2  and  23.  Set  up  ridge  L  first,  sup- 
orted  by  hips  A,  B  and  F.     Then  valley 

and  ridge  O,  supported  by  a  pair  of 
0.  35  common  rafters.      Then  ridge  Q, 


Then  set  up  valleys  E  and  D  and  ridge 
N,  supported  by  a  pair  of  common  raf- 
ters No.  23,  and  lastly  set  up  valley  C 
nnd  ridge  M,  supported  by  a  pair  of 
common  rafters  No.   14. 


b 


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ate  and  then  ridge  P,  supported  by  a 
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48 


Tin:     CARPENTER 


Fig.  22 


Fig.  23 


THE     CARPENTER 


49 


RUNS  AND  LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS  USED   IN  FRAMING 
PROBLEM  NO.  6—y2   PITCH 


ro.  of 

Quantity  of 

ifters 

Rafters 

Rui 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

1 

2  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Jack  rafters 

2 

iy2    •' 

4' 

0" 

6' 

7%" 

«(                   a 

3 

i 

6' 

0" 

6' 

5%" 

"             " 

4 

i 

8' 

0" 

11* 

B%" 

"            " 

5 

i 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

Cripple  rafters 

6 

i 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

"             " 

7 

i 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

"             " 

8 

i 

8' 

0" 

11' 

3%" 

a             i« 

9 

i 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

U                           (< 

10 

1  pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Jack  rafters 

11 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

"           " 

1.2 

1    " 

6' 

0" 

8' 

5%" 

"           " 

13 

1    " 

S' 

0" 

11' 

5%" 

"           " 

14 

1     " 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

"           " 

15 

10 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

"           " 

1G 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

5%" 

Cripple  rafters 

17 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

<<                     a 

IS 

1   pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Jack  rafters 

19 

1     •• 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

"           " 

20 

1     " 

6' 

0" 

8' 

5%" 

tc                      it 

21 

1     " 

8' 

0" 

11' 

3%" 

"           " 

22 

1     " 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

<(                11 

23 

8 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

Common  rafters 

24 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Cripple  rafters 

25 

1 

5' 

0" 

7' 

0%" 

Jack  rafters 

26 

1 

7' 

0" 

9' 

10  3/4" 

"            " 

27 

1 

9' 

0" 

12' 

s%" 

"            " 

28 

1 

11' 

0" 

15' 

6%" 

"            " 

29 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

H%" 

"            " 

30 

1 

12' 

0" 

16' 

11%"  ■ 

"            " 

31 

1 

10' 

0" 

14' 

1%" 

"            " 

32 

1 

S' 

0" 

11' 

3%" 

"            " 

33 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

5%" 

a           a 

34 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

n           it 

35 

3 

9' 

0" 

12' 

S%" 

Common  rafters 

36 

1  pair 

5' 

0" 

7' 

0'/s" 

Jack  rafters 

37 

1     " 

3' 

0" 

4' 

2%" 

«                           41 

38 

1     " 

1' 

0" 

1' 

5" 

"           " 

39 

1 

7' 

0" 

9' 

10  34" 

ti           it 

40 

1 

9' 

0" 

12' 

s%" 

"           " 

41 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Cripple  rafters 

42 

1 

6' 

0" 

S' 

5%" 

"              " 

43 

1 

9' 

0" 

12' 

s%" 

Jack  rafters 

44 

1   pair 

1' 

0" 

1' 

5" 

Cripple  rafters 

45 

1 

11' 

0" 

15' 

6%" 

Jack  rafters 

46 

1 

13' 

0" 

IS' 

4%" 

«           o 

47 

1 

8' 

0" 

11' 

3%" 

«            << 

48 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

5%" 

<           a 

49 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

i           tt 

50 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

i           <( 

51 

1 

5' 

0" 

7' 

0%" 

<           it 

52 

1 

7' 

0" 

9' 

10  3/4  " 

i           u 

53 

1 

7' 

0" 

9' 

10  3/4" 

i           ii 

54 

1 

5' 

0" 

7' 

o%" 

tt           a 

55 

1 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Cripple  rafters 

56 

1 

6' 

0" 

8' 

5%" 

Jack  rafters 

57 

1 

8' 

0" 

11' 

3%" 

ii           ii 

58 

2 

13' 

0" 

IS' 

4%" 

Common  rafters 

59 

1   pair 

2' 

0" 

2' 

10" 

Jack   rafters   dormer 

50 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

7%" 

Jack   rafters   dormer 

51 

2 

4' 

2%" 

5' 

11" 

Common    raf.    dormer 

52 

2 

4' 

2%" 

5' 

11" 

Common    raf.    dormer 

53 

1 

1' 

0" 

1' 

5" 

Jack  rafters 

!4 

1 

o 

0" 

4' 

07/  » 
-  /S 

50 

.    THE     CARPENTER 

No.  of 

Quantity  of 

Rafters 

Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

65 

1 

5'      0" 

7'      0%" 

a 

66 

1 

7'      0" 

9'   10  34" 

li                  |< 

67 

1 

11'      0" 

12'      8%" 

«                  u 

68 

1 

11'      0" 

16'      6%" 

«                  << 

69 

1 

13'      0" 

18'      4%" 

"                  " 

70 

1 

2'      0" 

2'   10" 

Cripple  rafters 

71 

1 

5'      0" 

V     0%"       • 

Jack  rafters 

72 

1 

T      0" 

9'   10  34" 

Jack  rafters 

73 

1 

9'      0" 

12'      8  34" 

"            " 

74 

1 

11'      0" 

15'      6%" 

•  i                    « 

75 

1 

12'      0" 

16'    11%" 

H                              it 

76 

1 

12'      0" 

16'    11%" 

" 

A 

1 

2i'    2y2- 

25'   1134" 

Hip  rafters 

B 

1 

21'      2i/o" 

25'    1134" 

Part  hip  and  part  val 

C 

1 

14'      134" 

17'      5  34" 

Valley  rafters 

D 

1 

14'      li/." 

17'      5%" 

"             " 

E 

1 

18'      4%" 

22'     6y4" 

tt                   a 

F 

1 

18'      4%" 

22'      6  y4" 

Part  hip  and  part  val. 

G 

1 

12'      8%" 

15'      7" 

Valley  rafters 

H 

1 

14'     l?4" 

17'      334" 

"             '• 

I 

1 

9'   10%" 

12'    iy," 

"             " 

J 

1 

18'      4%" 

22'     6y4" 

a                   a 

K 

1 

2'    10" 

3'      5%" 

Hip  rafters 

L 

1 

8'      0"  ■ 

8'      0" 

Ridge 

M 

1 

10'      0" 

10'      0" 

" 

N 

1 

18'      0" 

18'      0" 

" 

O 

1 

11'      0" 

11'      0" 

" 

P 

1 

8'      0" 

8'      0" 

Ridge  dormer 

Q 

1 

10'      0" 

19'      0" 

Ridge 

Figures  used  on  the  steel  square. — Common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  or 
tongue,  12  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  level  cuts 
Top  cut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.  Mark  01 
blade  for  top  cut.  Hip  and  valley  rafters,  12  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.  Marl 
on  tongue  for  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  leve  lcuts.  Top  cut  for  hip  and  valley 
rafters,  2y2  in.  on  tongue,  10%  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  blade  for  top  cut. 

Specifications 

PROBLEM   No.   7 

Plate,  main  roof,  %  in.  by  2  in. 

Plate  A  around  to  B,  %  in  by  5  in. 

Hip  and  valley  rafters,  %  in.  by  1% 
in. 

Common  and  jack  rafters,  %  in.  by 
%  in. 

Ridge,  %  in.  by  1%  in. 

Projection,  2%  in. 

Facia,   %  in. 

Plancher  level  to  plate  level,  1%   in. 

Pitch,  9  in.  rise  in  1  ft,   ( %   pitch). 

Dimensions,   (see  plan,  Fig.  24). 

Rafters  spaced  2  in.  on  centers. 

In  framing  the  main  rafters  run  hip  A 
from  ridge  N,  forming  a  butt  joint 
against  valley  C  to  the  plate,  giving  sup- 
port for  valley  B  and  ridge  L.  Run  val- 
ley K  from  valley  H  to  the  wall  line,  giv- 
ing support  for  valley  J,  hip  I  and  ridge 
Q.  Hips  A  and  G  and  valleys  B,  C,  H 
and  K,  all  cross  the  plate  at  an  angle  of 
45  degrees  and  are  laid  out  in  the  usual 
way  for  hip  and  valley  rafters  of  equal 
pitch  roofs.  Valleys  D  and  J  and  hips 
E,  F,  and  I  are  laid  out  differently  be- 
cause they  do  not  cross  the  plate  at  an 


THE     CARPENTER 


51 


angle  of  45  degrees  and  the  same  figures 
on  the  square  will  not  apply.  In  each 
ease  it  is  necessary  to  determine  the 
rise  in  inches  per  foot  run  before  the 
length  can  be  determined. 

To  lay  out  valley  D,  first  determine 
the  exact  location  of  the  valley  on  the 
plan  by  drawing  light  construction  lines 
at  right  angles  from  the  intersection  of 
the  two  facia  lines  A,  Fig.  25,  as  at  J 
and    K.      With   A  as   a   center  and   any 


square  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot  or  run 
must  be  determined. 

Height  of  ridge  P  will  give  the  total 
height  of  valley  D. 

Run  of  common  rafter  No.  33  is  10% 
feet. 

9 
Rise  9  in.  in   1  ft.  equals  ,  total 


94% 


height  of  valley  D. 


|>nvenient  radius  are  the  construction 
les  as  at  L  and  M.  With  L,  and  M 
5  centers  and  a  convenient  radius  bisect 

j  ie  angle  as  at  N.  From  A  at  the  inter- 
action of  the  two  facia  lines   draw  in 

fie  center  line  of  valley  D  through  arc 
,  until  it  intersects  ridge  P.     Measure 

lie  run  on  the  plan,  A  to  R,  Fig.  25,  or 
1    in.      Before   setting   the    fence    and 


Rise  in  inches 

equals  rise  in  inches  per 

Run  in  feet 
foot,  or  S  7-12  in.     That  is,  the  rise  in 
inches   divided  by   the  run  in   feet  will 
give  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot  run. 

1S9    1 

94%    divide  .1    by    11    equals    x — 

2     11 


52 


THE     CARPENTER 


I  GENUINE  IMPORTED  GERMAN  A  UTOMATIC  PISTOL"DREYSE" CALIBRE  32 

Takes    32    Calibre    U.    S. 
Colt   cartridges. 

Self  loading,  latest  model, 
known  as  highest  grade  Auto- 
matic Pistol  ever  brought  over. 
It  is  light,  handy,  flat  and 
compact.  Praised  by  experts 
for  range,  accuracy,  great  pen- 
etration, considerable  rapidity 
of  fire  and  shoots  8  shots. 
Takes  32  Calibre  U.  S.  Colt 
cartridges.  All  parts  are  made 
of    finest    blue    steel    and    all 

springs  are  selfhardended  steel  wire.  considered  unbreakable, 
lock.     Hard  rubber  handle.     It  is  valued  $25.00. 

OUR    SPECIAL    PRICE    is    only    $9.50 

Our  stock  is  limited,  therefore  ta'.te  advantage  and  c  rder  now.  Send  us  your  name 
and  address  with  35c  for  shipping  expenses  and  pa;*  for  the  pistol  $9.50  when  it 
is  delivered  to  you.   Complete  satisfaction  guaranteed  or  money  refunded.   Write  to-day. 

UNION  SALES  COMPANY.  DEPT.  925. 

15  S.  Desplaines  St.  Chicago,  III. 


equals  8  7-12  in.,  rise  in  inches  per  foot. 
Set  the  fence  and  square  at  8  7-12  in. 
rise  on  the  tongue  and  12in.  run  on  the 
blade.  Mark  on  the  tongue  for  all  plumb 
cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all  level  cuts. 
Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the  top 
edge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  and  pro- 
duce the  facia  or  first  plumb  line  to  the 
extreme  left,  A,  Fig.  26.  Slide  the  fence 
to  the  right  and  measure  on  a  level  line 
from  facia  line  A,  the  run  of  the  valley 
11  in.  and  produce  plumb  line  It,  the  ex- 
''eiiie  length  of  valley  D  to  the  center 


of  ridge  P.  From  this  length  deduct 
one-half  the  thickness  of  the  ridge 
measured  on  the  line  of  ATalley  D,  or  one- 
half  the  diagonal  thickness  of  ridge  O, 
as  at  R-U,  Fig.  25,  and  produce  plumb 
line  U,  Fig.  26.  Square  this  line  across 
the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  and  locate  the 
center.  To  lay  out  the  top  cut  so  that 
the  valley  will  fit  into  the  intersection 
of  ridges  N  and  O,  Iaiy  in  a  section  of  the 
valley  full  size,  as  shown  in  Fig.  25.    At 


the  point  where  the  outside  edge  of  tbj 
rafter  intersects  ridge  O,  square  a  lin 
across  at  right  angles  to  the  center  lid 
until  it  intersects  the  center  line  at  V 
Fig.  25. 

Measure  forward  on  a  level  line  froi 
plumb  line  U,  Fig.  26,  the  distance  U-\ 
Fig.  25,  and  produce  plumb  line  V,  Fi'fj 
26.  Connect  plumb  line  V  with  thl] 
center  line  on  the  top  edge  as  at  2,  to 
view,  Fig.  26.  Side  B  is  a  square  ci 
on  plumb  line  U,  as  at  3.  To  complet 
the  lower  end  of  the  rafter,  measure  i 
on  a  level  line  from  facia  line  A,  th 
diagonal  distance  of  the  projection,  A-I 
Fig.  25,  2%  in.,  and  produce  wall  lin 
B.  To  eliminate  notching  into  the  crotc 
formed  by  the  intersection  of  the  tw 
walls,  move  wall  line  B  out,  the  distanc 
B-T.,  Fig.  25,  and  produce  plumb  line  1 
Fig.  2,6.  Measure  down  on  facia  line  A 
%  in.,  the  width  of  facia,  and  produc 
plancher  level  F.  Measure  up  fror 
plancher  level  F,  1^4  in.,  locating  plat 
level  G.  To  make  the  return  on  th 
facia  line,  square  facia  line  A  across  th 
top  edge  of  the  rafter,  and  locate  th 
center  point. 

Measure  forward  on  a  level  line  fror 
facia  line  A  on  either  side  of  the  rafte'i 
the  distance  A-S,  Fig.  25,  and  produc 
plumb  line  S,  Fig.  26.  Connect  plum 
line  S  with  the  center  point  on  the  faci. 
line  as  shown  at  1,  top  view,  Fig.  26 
Cut  on  plumb  line  S  and  top  cut  1  fo 
the  facia,  on  lines  T  and  G  for  the  birds 
mouth  and  on  plumb  line  V  and  top  cu 
2  and  plumb  line  U  and  top  cut  3  for  th' 
fit  against  the  ridge. 

To  Lay  Out  Hip  E, — It  will  be  neceu 


THE    CARPENTER 


53 


sary  to  determine  how  hips  E,  F,  and  G, 
and  ridge  P  are  to  be  framed  into  each 
other.  One  method  is  shown  in  Fig.  27. 
Next  determine  the  rise  in  inches  per 
foot  of  run.  Measure  the  run  on  the 
plan  A-X,  Fig.  29,  or  11  11-12  in.  The 
height  of  ridge  P  will  give  the  total 
height,  of  hip  E.  Run  of  common  rafter 
No.  33  is  10  %  in. 

Rise  9  in.  in  1  ft. 

Total  height  of  hip  E  94  %  in. 

Rise  in  inches 

■   equals   rise  in   inches 

Run  in  feet 
per  foot,  or  7  11-12  in. 


94V2    divided   by    11 


divided  by 


143 


12 


equals 


11  189 
—  equals   

12  2 

189    12 

x equals 

2    143 


7  11-12,  rise  in  inches. 

Set  the  fence  and  square  at  7  11-12 
in.  rise  on  the  tongue  and  12  in.  run  on 
the  blade.  Mark  on  the  tongue  for  all 
plumb  cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all  level 
cuts.  Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the 
top   edge  of   the   stock   to  be  used   and 


>roduce  the  facia  or  first  plumb  line  to 
jhe  extreme  left,  A,  Fig.  2,8.  Slide  the 
'ence  to  the  right  and  measure  on  a  level 
ine  from  facia  line  A,  the  run  of  hip  E, 
LI  11-12  in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  M, 
he  extreme  length  to  the  center  line 
>f  ridge  P.  From  this  length  deduct  the 
listance  M-N,  Fig.  27,  and  produce 
dumb  line  N,  Fig.  28.     Square  this  line 


across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  and 
locate  the  center  point.  To  lay  out  the 
top  cut  so  that  the  hip  will  fit  against 
the  side  of  hip  F,  lay  in  a  section  of  the 
hip,  full  size  as  shown  in  Fig.  27.  At 
the  point  where  the  outside  edge  of  hip 
E  intersects  the  outside  edge  of  hip  F, 
square  a  line  across  at  right  angles  to 
the  center  line  until  it  intersects  the 
center  line,  as  at  O,  Fig.  27. 

Measure  forward  on  a  level  line  from 
M-N,  Fig.  27,  and  produce  plumb  line  O, 
Fig.  28.  Connect  plumb  line  O  through 
the  center  line  on  the  top  edge,  as  at  3, 
top  view,  Fig.  28.  To  complete  the  low- 
er end  of  the  rafter,  measure  in  on  a 
level  line  from  facia  line  A,  the  diagonal 
distance  of  the  projection,  A-B,  Fig.  29, 
2  10-12  in.,  and  produce  wall  line  B. 
Fig.  28.     To  make  a  fit  against  the  side 


of  the  plate  at  the  proper  angle,  lay  in 
a  section  of  the  hip  as  shown  in  Fig.  29. 
At  the  point  where  the  outside  edge  of 
the  hip  intersects  the  wall  line,  square 
a  line  across  at  right  angles  to  the  center 
line  until  it  intersects  the  center  line, 
as  at  T,  Fig.  29.  Measure  forward  on 
the  side  of  the  hip  from  wall  line  B,  the 
distance  T-B,  Fig.  29,  and  produce 
plumb  line  T,  Fig.  28.  Square  plumb 
line  B  across  the  bottom  edge  of  the  raf- 
ter and  connect  plumb  line  T  through 
this  center  point,  as  shown  at  6,  bottom 
view. 

Measure  down  on  facia  line  A,  %  in., 
the  width  of  the  facia,  and  produce 
plancher  level  F.  Measure  up  from 
plancher  level  F,  1%  in.,  locating  plate 
level  G.  To  make  the  turn  on  the  facia 
line,  lay  in  a  section  of  the  hip  full  size, 
as  shown  in  Fig.  29.  Where  the  outside 
edges  of  the  hip  intersects  either  facia 
line,  draw  lines  across  at  right  angles 
to  the  center  line  until  they  intersect  the 
center  line,  as  at  R  and  S.  On  side  of 
the    rafter    measure    back    the    distance 


54 


THE     CARPENTER 


A-S,  Fig.  29,  and  produce  plumb  line  S, 
Fig.  28.  On  side  B  measure  back  the 
distance  A-R,  Fig.  29,  and  produce 
plumb  line  R,  Fig.  28.  Connect  these 
two  plumb  lines  with  the  center  point 
on  the  facia  line  on  the  top  edge  of  the 
hip,  as  shown  at  4  and  5,  top  view,  Fig. 


the  side  of  ridge  P,  as  shown  in  Fig.  2' 
Measure  the  run  on  the  plan  from  fac; 
line  A  to  X,  Fig.  29,  or  12  8-12  in.    Ne: 
determine  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot 
run.     The  total  height  of  the  rafter 
the  same  as  hip  E,  or  94^  in. 
Rise  in  inches 


28.  Cut  on  plumb  line  R  and  bevel  5 
and  plumb  line  S  and  bevel  4  for  the 
facia,  on  lines  T  and  6  and  bevel  6  for 
the  birdsmouth  and  on  plumb  line  O 
and  top  cut  3  for  the  fit  against  the  side 
of  hip  F. 

To  Back  Hip  E. — Produce  a  level  line 
on  either  side  of  the  hip.  On  side  A 
from  the  top  edge  on  this  level  line,  point 
off  the  distance  A-S,  Fig.  29,  as  shown 
at  1,  Fig.  28.  On  side  B  from  the  top 
edge  on  this  level  line,  point  off  the  dis- 
tance A-R,  Fig.  29,  as  shown  at  2,  Fig. 
28.  Gauge  a  line  through  point  1  and 
2  on  either  side  of  the  rafter  and  also 
through  the  center  on  the  top  edge.     Re- 


move the  corner  between  these  lines,  a 
shown  in  the  end  view,  Fig.  28. 

To  Lay  Out  Hip  F. — Hip  F  fits  agains 

equals   rise   in   inche 

Run  in  feet 
per  foot,  or  7  5-12  in. 

8  189  ' 

94  y2  divided  by  —  equals dividec 

12  2 

152  189      12 

by equals x equals  7  5-12  in. 

2  12        2 

rise  in  inches  per  foot. 

(To  Be  Continued.) 


THE     CARPENTER 
Flour   Bin   That  Requires   No   Hinges  Or   Hardware 

(By  Arthur  Strombeck,  L.  U.  No.  174.) 


55 


A  ! 

c 


T6A 


~\    j 

III 
III 
III 
III 
III 
hi 
HI 
-J.U 

JR 


Base 


Afo  Hardware 


Keep  Front  Edge  /  >i  Round  Oak 
of  Bin  Wfrom  J  the  Full  Width 
Floor  or  Cbunter  '     of  Bin  Fron  t 


Review  of  Arthur's  "New  Building 
Estimators'   Handbook" 

In     the     New     Building     Estimators' 
Handbook,    Published   by    the   U.    P.    O. 
Book  Co.,  Inc.,  we  find  that  the  author 
has  made  a  genuine  contribution  to  the 
building  trade  by  supplying  a  compact 
and  authoritative  guide,   presented  in  a 
way   that   makes   it  usable   and  invalu- 
able   to    every    carpenter    ana    builder. 
There    is,    perhaps,    no   writer   better 
■lualified  as  an  authority  on  this  subject 
than    Mr.    Arthur,    since   his    experience 
ias  covered  a  great  number  of  years  in 
building    estimating,    a    large    share    of 
.vhich  has  been  for  the  leading  railroads 
)f  this  country.     Yet,  in  compiling  this 
)ook,  he  has  drawn  upon  not  only  his 
i)wn  experience,  but  iu  addition,  that  of 
he  leading  industrial  concerns  in  Amer- 
ca  allied  with  the  building  trade. 
j    In  a  very  concise  and  understandable 
vay,  the  author  has  taken  this  data  and 
)resented  it  in  the  form  of  a  ready  ref- 
Tence   guide   which   will   hardly   be   al- 
owed  to  accumulate  dust  on  a  builder's 
lesk. 

The  figures  and  other  data  in  this 
took  apply  to  all  kinds  of  ordinary 
-uirdings,  but  in  actual  quoting  of  rec- 
•rds,  greater  emphasis  has  been  placed 
,ipon  residences,  stores  and  flats,  office 
•uildings,  warehouses,  manufacturing 
'•uildings,  railroad  shops  of  all  kinds, 
nd  schools.  Unquestionably,  the  most 
aluable  feature  of  the  book  is  the  com- 
lete    set    of    tables,    which    cover    all 


phases  of  estimating  in  the  entire  struc- 
tural field.  In  the  computation  of  many 
estimates,  for  example,  flexibility  is 
gained  by  using  a  flat  rate  unit  per  hour, 
based  on  $1  per  hour  for  tradesmen  and 
60c  per  hour  for  laborers.  Thus,  by 
using  this  basis,  the  carpenter  or  builder 
may  readily  adapt  the  tables  to  any  local 
rate. 

Considerable  emphasis  is  given  all 
through  the  book  to  the  time  required  to 
install  materials,  and  this  is  so  arranged 
that  any  rate  of  wages  can  be  applied. 

In  ever}7  sense,  the  new  Building  Es- 
timators' Handbook  is  an  understand- 
able, complete  and  up-to-date  guide  that 
may  truthfully  be  regarded  as  a  worth- 
while contribution  to  the  field  of  car- 
pentry and  building. 


Cause  for  Retrospection 

When  I  was  learning  my  trade 
My  old  Daddy  often  said, 
"The  nail  won't  go  in,  my  boy, 
Unless  you  hit  it  on  the  head  ; 
You  can't  scare  it  in, 
You  have  got  to  hit  it  plumb." 
Many  a  time  I've  missed  a  nail 
And  whacked  a  tender  thumb. 

Then  as   I   saw  it   slowly  turning 

Black  and  blue  and  red 

I  thought  of  my  old  Daddy, 

And  the  way  he  always  said, 

"The  nail  won't  go  in,  my  boy, 

Unless  you  hit  it  on  the  head  ; 

You  can't  scare  it  in, 

You  have  got  to  hit  it  plumb." 

Now  I  think  of  dear  old  Daddy 

Every   time  I  whack  my   thumb. 

— Howard  L.   Sliortsleeve. 


Why  should  a  big  gun  be  called 
when  it  can  be  silenced? 


'she' 


6-R00M  HOUSE  FREE 

-CARPENTERS- 

STOP    PAYING    RENT    NOW! 

This  offer  is  so  liberal  it  is  hard  to  believe,  but  it  is  true — every  word  is 
true.  There  are  no  strings  to  my  offer  and  I  will  positively  give  a  house 
away  just  as  promised  in  this  offer.  You  can  get  a  home  FREE  if  you  send  me  your 
name  quick  and  do  as  I  say. 

Surely  you  have  longed  for  the  day  to  come  when  you  could  cease  paying  rent  to  a 
heartless  landlord,  and  call  your  home  your  own.  I  am  now  offering  you  the  golden 
opportunity  to  free  yourself  from  the  clutches  of  the  money-grabbing  landlord,  and . 
at  no  cost  to  yourself.  Picture  a  handsome  six-room  house,  nice  lawn  and  pretty 
shrubbery  and  flowers  growing  in  well-arranged  beds.  Don't  you  want  a  place  like 
this,  and  free  too?  Of  course  you  do.  so  send  me  your  name  today — fill  out  the 
eoupon  and  mail  it  to  me  before  you  lay  this  magazine  aside. 

The   House   Can    Be    Built   Anywhere    You   Want   It 

Don't  hold  back — don't  say  "no  such  luck  for  me."  You  can  have  the  house  built 
wherever  you  say — California.  Maine  or  anywhere  in  the  United  States.  It  makes 
no  difference  where  you  want  to  live.     This  offer  is  open  to  all. 

I  Will  Even  Buy  a  Lot  For  You 

Perhaps  yon  do  not  own  a  lot.  or  have  no  place  to  build,  but  don't  allow  this  to  pre- 
vent your  >ending  in  your  name  and  address,  because  I  will  arrange  to  buy  a  lot  for 
you  if  you  don't  own  one.  This  wonderfully  beautiful  and  comfortable  home  can  be  yours  if  you 
promptly  answer  this  advertisement,  and  do  as  I  say.  Don't  take  chances  of  some  other  person 
getting  ahead  of  you,  but  rush  the  coupon  to  me  at  once.  An  offer  like  this  may  never  come  to 
you  again. 

Costs    Nothing    To    Investigate 

You  run  absolutely   no   risk  whatever.      It  costs  nothing  to  investigate   this  won- 
derfully liberal  offer.     All  I  ask  you  to  do  is  to  rush  me  the  coupon  or  send  your  name 
post  card. 


and  address  on  a 

RUSH    THIS 

COUPON 

Do  not  delay,  but  fill  out  the  cou- 
pon and  send  it  to  me  before  you 

lay  this  paper  aside.  Be  the  very 
first  to  take  advantage  of  this 
liberal  offer.     Address 

C.  E.  MOORE,  President 

Home  Builders'  Club 

Dept.  600  Batavia,  111. 


BFREE 


1  C.  E.  MOORE,  Pres 
Dept. 


HOME   COUPON^! 
Home  Builders'  Club 
600  Batavia,  Illinois 


I  want  one  of  your  free  houses.     It  is  understood  I  need  not 
send  you  one  cent  of  my  own  money.     I  risk  nothing. 


.Name 


?treet  or  K.  F.  D. 


Town   State . 


Hiick  jobs 

mean 

quick  profits 

i-roof  with  Johns-Man- 
le  Asbestos  Shingles 

The  profit  comes  when  the  job 
done  and  the  job  is  done 
ckly  when  yon  lay  Johns- 
nville  Asbestos  Shingles  right 
•r  the  old  shingles, 
ifou  waste  no  time  in  tearing 
old  shingles — which  means 
ining  up  and  carting  off. 
rt  nailing  on  as  soon  as  you 
the  scoffold  up. 
rohns-Manville  Asbestos 
ngles  nail  on  rapidly.  Every 
agle  is  straight  and  true  and 
is  easily  into  place.  Nails 
!  nailholes  come  with  the 
igles.  A  lather's  hatchet 
s  all  the  work,  even  to  fit- 
j  edgings. 

Tou're  through  in  short  order 
ready  for  the  next  job.  And 
t  jobs  are  easy  for  every  fin- 
d  roof  is  a  salesman  for  you. 
ohns-Manville  Asbestos 
ngles  are  distinctive,  beauti- 
permanent  and  firesafe  — 
roof  often  sets  a  whole  com- 
nty  asking  questions, 
here  is  a  good  profit  per  job 
l  more  jobs  per  season  in 
ns-Manville  Asbestos  Shin- 
Re-roofing.  Let  us  tell  you 
\  it's  done.  Write  our  near- 
er branch  today. 

HNS-MANVILLE  Incorporated 

I   idlson  Avenue  at  41st  Street, 

New  York  City 

Brandies  in  57  Large  Cities 

For  Canada 

C4  DIAN    JOHNS-MANVILLE    CO.,    Ltd., 

Toroato 


A  lather's  hatchet  is  the 
only  tool  required  to  lay 
Johns-Manville  Asbestos 
Shingles. 


mns-MAnville  \Mbesu* 

sbestos  Shingles 


£!  FOR : 'LAY)S&"-^.4if^^R¥'"-''r. 


CARPENTERS  HAND  BOOK 

For  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no 
book  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  "rules  and  tables." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  2700  different 
lengths  of  rafters,  300  different  lengths  of  braces 
and  the  proper  cuts  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 
ing, stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc.. 
and  in  fact  all  the  up-to-date  information  and 
"SHORT  CUT  RULES"  for  every-day  use  in  a  first 
flass  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A. 

\~~        ~~  —  —"Mall  this  Coupon  to""* 
D.  A.   ROGERS, 
3604   Sterols  Axe..   Minneapolis,   Minn. 

~- :     iri    f.r.i    51.".".    iz    ~_:i    airier    \---t    ~r    -'■-'    '-'- 
-?;?ENTEB     AND     ETTLDESS     PRACTICAL     BCLES 

I  foe  iA.yr>-c-  am  vtobk. 


St   and  >'o- 


Towa  and  State 

The   Book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back. 


: 


Are  YOU  Old 
at40? 


zsecieaxlj  \ 


OWE 

C 


FREE  BOOK 


priceless  —  e==5;r  t:  ;-:  i.  I-  te-I.s  c't 


Write  for  jour  ccpv  of  the  FEZE  BODE  today. 

The  Electro  Thermal  Co. 


2B13     Main  St,  StentaaTiHe,  Ohio 


T?te".-.~  =  e.ds 


F 


Don't  Wear  a  Truss 


Leonhart's  Straight  Edge  Level 


C.    E,   BROOKS,   Inventor      --_hz.i~. 

Brooks  Appliance  Co.,  252  F   State   St.,  Marshall, 


In  the  Shop  or  On  the  Job 

..;     -::::. :~:     ~i:iiie     .-.:;--i~     ;     ]Ukka 
.-.:      :'.i      :-::;:      ~-;t      ::      :.-;:..;       r:.."--s 
:i-:-"_r.  v- — :-g  ritbeitg  etc   at  town 
THE   BOICE   POKY   BENCH    MACHINE 

—Six    Machines    in    One— 
tiziles    ill   mils    ;:"    -;;i     ±.r:_s   material, 


Try  one.      Money  refunded   if  not  satisfied. 
Ask  your  dealer,   or  send  50c  to 

R.  LEONHART,  San  Anselmo,  Calif. 


3  &  5  PLY  VENEERED  PANEL' 

Carried  in  stock  for  immediate  ship 
mem.  For  Doors.  Partitions,  Cabine 
Work. 

Write  for  List  of  Sizes   &  Prices 
DUNN    And    DAUSER 
S.  E.  Cor.  Canal  &  Roosevelt  Rd.=Chicag<    ^ 


When  you  get  this  magnificent  6- 
piece  library  set,  put  it  in  your  liv- 
ing room  or  library  and  use  it  freely 
for  30  days.  Note  the  massive,  solid 
construction —the  beautiful  finish— 
the   fine   upholstery   and  graceful 
lines.  Compare  it  with  anything  you 
can  buy  locally  at  anywhere  near 
e  same  price— even  for  spot  cash.    Then  if  not  satisfied  for  any  reason, 
1  turn  the  set  at  our  expense  and  we  will  refund  your  $1.00  at  once,  plus 
y  freight  charges  you  paid. 

Inly  $2.70  a  Month  iizrs^?1^ 

nth  until  yoa  have  paid  $29.85.  A  full  year  to  pay— at  the  rate  of  only  a  few  cents 
\  lay.  This  wonderful  value  is  not  listed  in  our  regular  catalog.  We  have  only  a  limited 
.  nberof  sets. We  trust  honestpeople  anywhereinthe  U.S.  One  price  to  all,  cash 

credit.     No  discount  for  cash.  Notonepenny  extra  for  credit.   NoC.O.D. 


superb  6- piece  set  is  made  of  selected  solid  oak 
tbrougnuut,  finished  in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown  fumed 
oak.  All  the  four  chairs  are  padded;  seats  uphol- 
stered with  brown  Delavan  Spanish  leather,  the  best 
imitation  of  genuine  Spanish  leather  known.  The  up- 
holstering is  a  rich  brown  color. 

Large  Divan  provides  extra  seating  capacity.    It  Is 
an  unusually  massive,  comfortable  piece  with  beauti- 
fully designed  back.  Arms  are  broad  and  comfortable. 
Measures  46  inches  wide  outside  and  36  inches  long 
de.  Thickly  padded  seat  is  19  inches  deep.   Height 
of  back  is  22  inches.    Posts  are  extra 
Arm   Chair  is   a   roomy,    dignified    piece  of  furni- 
ture,  comfortable  and  b;g  enough  for  a  very   large 
person  while  not  seemicji  too  large  for  the  ordinary 
occupant.    Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in.,  height  36  in. 
Arm   Rocker   is   a    massive,     stately,    comfortable 
"th  beautifully  designed  back,  wide,  shapely 
d  smooth  operating  runners.  Seat  19  x  17  1-2 
in.,  height  36  in. 

Sewing  Rocker  is  unusually  attractive  and  useful. 
Seat  17  x  17  in.,  height  35  in. 

Library  Tabic  —  A  beautiful  piece  of  library  fur- 
niture. Beautifully  designed  ends  to  match  chairs 
with  roomy  magazine  shelf  below.  Legs  cut  of  2  in. 
stock:  massive,  dignified.  Top  measures  23  1-4  x  34  in. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces.  A  dec- 
oration to  your  living  room  or  library.  Carefully 
built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2  in.  high;  the  top 
12x12  inches. 

Encire  set  shippecf*knocked  down  construction.   Easy 

to  set  up.    Saves  freight  charges.  Wt.  about  176  lbs. 

Order  by  No.    B6944A.     SI. 00     with 

coupon.  S2.70  a  month,  price  S29.85. 


>*>! 


rice  Slashed!— Send  Now 


ree  Bargain  Catalog 

!  lows  thousands  of  bargains  in 
i  rniture,  jewelry,  carpets,  rugs, 
]  rtains,   silverware,  phono- 

aphs,  stoves,  porch  and  lawn 
'  rniture,  women's,  men's  and 

lldren's  wearing  apparel. 


Don't  delay.  Just  send 
$1.00  along  with  the  cou- 
pon as  a  deposit.  If  you 
wish  to  return  the  set  after 
30  days,  your  dollar  will  be  refunded,  plus 
all  freight  charges  which  you  paid.  Remem- 
ber, this  is  a  special,  limited,  reduced  price 
offer.  First  come,  first  served.  Get  your  set 
while  this  offer  lasts.  SO  days  trial  —  we 
take  all  the  risk.    Send  coupon  now. 


U 


traUS  &  Schram,  Dept.3016     Chicago 


Straus  &  Schram,  Bept.       3016         Chicago,  III. 

Enclosed  find  SI. 00.  Ship  special  advertised  6-Piece  Fumed 
Oak  Library  Set.  I  am  to  have  30  days  free  trial.  If  I  keep 
the  set,  I  will  pay  ^  mi  S2.70  monthlv.  If  not  satisfied.  I  am 
to  return  the  set  within  30  days  and  you  arc  to  refund  my 
money  and  any  froipht  charges  I  paid. 
D  6-Piece  Library   Set,   No.   B694CA.   329.85. 

Name 

Street,  R.  F.  D. 

or  Box  No 

SI)  ipping 

Point 

Post 

Office State 

If  you  only  want  catalog  put  x  in  box  helow: 

D  Furdtare,Stoves,JewelryD  Men's, Womeo's,Cuildreii'sClodunj 


Electricity 


I  WillTrainYou  at  Home 


Stop  right  here.  This  is  YOUR  opportunity!  ,  Elec- 
tricity is  calling  you,  and  the  Electrical  Business  is 
in  for  a  tremendous  increase.  But  it  needs  more 
trsir.ed  men — at  big  pay.  By  my  Home  Study  Coarse  in 
practical  Electricity  I  can  train  you  for  these  positions. 

Earn  $70  to  $200  a  Week 

"1c"'t=  E-way=  hai  a  liking  for  Electricity  and  a  hankering  to  do  elec- 
tritii  ;':bs.  Now  is  the  time  to  develop  that  talent;  tnere's  big  money 
in  ;:.  Even  it  you  con't  know  anything  at  all  about  Electricity  you 
can  quickly  grasp  it  by  my  up-to-date,  practical  method  of  teaching. 
i":u  v.-;;i  f-.i  it  intense  y  interesting  and  r.iffbiy  prontable.  I've  trained 
nnd  started  hundreds  of  men  in  the  Electrical  Easiness,  men  who  have 
made  big  successes.  YOU  CAM  DO  IT,  100. 

Be  a  Big  Paid 

Electrical  Expert 

■What  are  you  doing  to  prepare  yourself  f  ta  real  success?  At  the  rate 
you  are  p-ing  where  wiJ  you  be  in  ten  years  from  now?  Have  you  the 
stecia  ized  training  that  vriil  put  you  on  the  road  to  success?  Hare  you 
amtitkn  emugh  to  prepare  for  success,  and  get  it? 
What  about  your  future?  You  have  the  ambition  and  I  wE]  give 
you  the  training,  so  get  busy.  I  amolferirg  you  success  and  ail  that 
joss  with  it.  vra  you  take  it?  I'll  make  you  an  ELECTRICAL  EXPERT. 
I  will  train  yen  as  you  should  be  trained.  I  will  give  you  the  benefit  of 
my  ad*ice  and  20  years  of  engineering  experience  and  help  you  in 
every  way  to  the  biggest  possible  success. 

Fn  JE^l^  Bi§  Electrical 
Jmi  tT naffrTTa  c^fcndg   ^^••i»i*l»   Electrical     Tools, 


Ir.strumer.TS, Materials,  etc., abso- 
lutely FREE  to  every  student.  I  will  also  send  you  FREE  and  fully 
prepaid  —  Proof  Lessons  to  show  you  how  easily  you  can  learn  Elee- 
vrlcity  and  enter  this  sp'.mcid  profession  by  my  new,  revised  and  origi- 
nal system  of  Training  by  ilaiL 

I  give  you  something  you 
can  use  now.  Early  in  my 
Home  Study  Course  I  shew  how  to  begin  making  money  in  Elec- 
tricity, and  help  yen  get  started.  No  need  to  wait  until  the  whole 
course  is  completed.  Eur. drees  of  students  nave  made  several  times  the 
cost  of  their  course  in  stare  time  wcrk  wnhe  learning. 

My  book,  "How  to  Become  an 
E.ectricai  Expert,"  has  started 
many  a  man  on  the  way  to  fortune.  I  will  send  a  copy,  free  and  post- 
paid, to  everyone  answering  this  advertisement.  I  will  send  you  also 
Proof  Lessens,  detai.s  of  my  Free  Emtioyment  and  Consulting  Serv- 
ice, particulars  of  my  Free  Radio  Course  and  Cash  Refund  Guarantee. 
ns  never  get  yGU  ar.vwhere.  It  is  action, 
counts.     NOW  15  IHE  TIME  TO  ACT. 


Earn  While  You  Learn 


Valuable  Book  Free 


many  miles  over  their  guarantee. 
SEND  NO  MONEY.   Write  and  tell  us  the  size  of ; 
tires  and  how  many  you  want.  Shipped  C.  0.  D.  Sect 
unwrapped  for  your  inspection. 

CHARLES  TIRE  CORP.,  Dept.  62o! 

2812  WABASH  AVE.,  CHICAGO,  ILL.' 


ECONOMIZE   !   !   ! 

I     MATIC  SASH   HOLDEIi 

Elimina. 
Wind. 
Pockt 

Fattlin  i 


Do 
Away 

With 

Sash 
Weights. 
Cords,  Pulleys 
Balances.    Etc 


Other  > 
B&nces.  Sa 
Time  &  L»t 
Mention  wtlj 
C. 


Send  $1.00  for  trial  set  prepaid 
of  sash  when  ordering.     Address  Dept.   „ 

HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

30  Church  St..  >~ew  York-  City.  Room  226 -E 


"T"  PLUMB  AN) 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  mnde  of  Ji 
inum.  Can  be  easily  attach  I 
any  straight  edge.  Simple  t  id 
just.  Guaranteed  Accurate.  If 
3ix2|   in. 

Price   $1.00    Delivered. 

J.  M.  WATERSTC  ^ 

428  Woodward  Ave..   Detroit,  '4 
Complete  Tool  Catalogue  s 

on   request.         .1 


Act  Now!  SSl5^ 

L.  L.  COOKE,  Chief  Engineer 
CHICAGO  ENGINEERING  WORKS 

21oO  LAWBEXCE  ATE.,  Dept.     255     CHICAGO.  V.  S.  A. 

j  CHIE™  ENGINEER  COOKE, 

j  Chicago  Engineering  Works,  Dept.  235  2150  Lawrence  Ave.,  Chicago. 

Dear  Sir:    You  may  send  me  entirely  free  and  fully  prepaid,  a 

Icopv  of  your  book,  "How  to  Become  an  Electrical  Expert,"  and 
particulars  about  your  Home  Study  Course  In  Electricity. 


Name 


The  Cooke  Trained  Man  is  the  Big  Pay  Man 


Address .„ 


INVENTIONS  WANT!) 

ON  CASH  OR  ROYALTY  BA.'S 

We  have  been  in  business  24  years.     Hare  complete 
tory    and   facilities.      Beferences    on   request.     WhatJJ 
you   in   the   way   of   a   good  practical   intention,   pa  •*" 
or  unpatented. 
ADAM     FISHER     MFG.     CO.,     2  5  2,     St.     Louis.  **_ 

FOR  SALE 

MAPLE  FLOORING — 40,000  square  feet  ic 
tory  grade — 2  1-4"  x  1  1-S".  Ready  for  imjdi 
ate  shipment.     Price  way  below  present  maetj 

Wire  or  write 

GILBERT  &  BARKER  MFG.  CC 

Springfiield,    Mass. Dept.  9- 

Talk  health,  happiness  and  prospfty 
through  the  Union  Label  to  every  « 

vou  meet. 


EARN  MORE  MONEY  through  knowing  more  about 
roui  work.  Every  workman  sometime  or  other  runs 
ip  against  Blue  Prints. 

Here's  your  chance  to  get  ahead  of  the  other  fcl- 
iw.  Take  the  first  step  now  towards  a  bigger  job. 
Ifou  have  to  be  able  to  read  blue  prints  before  you 
an  ever  become  a   foreman   or   Superintendent. 

Our  simple  inexpensive  method  teaches  you  quickly 
lie   :irt   of   blue   Print    reading. 

Write    immediately    for    free    blue    Prints    and    cat- 
ilogue  B,   stating  trade. 
ARCHITECTURAL.    MECHANICAL.    SHEET    METAL 

AND    STRUCTURAL    DRAFTING 
liiickly   taught    at    home   in   your  spare   time,    on    the 
'Pay  As  You  Study  Plan."    Requires  no  previous  e.:u 
•atlon   or   training.     Books   and    tools   furnished    Free. 
iVrite  today  for  Catalog  G.     It   means   more   pay. 
ESTIMATING— STEEL  SQUARE 

Tan  you  figure  costs  on  a  home  or  business  build - 
ig?  If  not  learn  how.  Learn  to  use  a  Steel  Square. 
t  will  take  you  nut  of  overalls  and  put  you  into  a 
joss'   job.      Catalog  E  tells  you  how. 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL     Est  1904 

■■■  Dept.    I0D.      Drexel    Bldg.,    Phila.,   Pa.^a^M 


IILES  DON'T  BE  CUT 

Until  You  Try  This  Won- 

Bderful  Treatment.  My  internal 
ethod  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
sd  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
riiysicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments. 
E  Ives  and  other  local  applications  give 
fly  temporary  relief. 

.If  you   have  piles  in   any  form   write  for   a 
!  tEE  sample   of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and   you 
.  ;11  bless  the  day   that  you.  read   this.      Write 
[lay. 
I  R.PAGE.322B  Page  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mich. 

nstant  Relief  from 

Hay  Fever,  Colds 

\sthma,  Catarrh 

Instant  relief  guaranteed  from  Hay 
Fever.  Rose  Fever.  Catarrh.  Sum- 
mer Colds  and  Asthma!  Tit  the 
wonderful  new  Breathe-O-Tol  in- 
vention. The  Breathe-O-Tol  in- 
haler is  worn  anywhere,  any  time — 
at  work  or  asleep;  inconspicous  and 
comfortable.  Xo  drugs.  XOT  a  pat- 
ent medicine.  Destroys  germs,  clears 
the  head,  reduces  swollen  membrane. 

Send  No  Money 
Just  send  name  and  address.    Spec- 
ify   Set     "A"    for    Colds.     Catarrh 
and  Bronchitis,  or  Set  "B"  for  Hay 
fever,     Rose     Fever     and     Asthma. 
l'.V    the   postman    $2.    plus   postage 
K-poti   arrival.     Obtain  instant  relief 
or  return  within   5  days;  money  re- 
funded   in    full.      Write    today. 
Breathe-O-Tol  Laboratories 
Dept.  C-219.  1400  Broadway,  New  York 


15SS  Goodyear  Raincwt 


Goodyear  Mfg.  Co.,  5237  Goodyear 
Bldg.,  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  is  making  | 
an  offer  to  send  a  handsome  raincoat 
free  to  one  person  in  each  locality  ■who 
will  show  and  recommend  it  to  friends. 
If  you  want  one  write  today. 


TtlJeidel 
iSturlinaton 


Adjusted  to  the  Second       2 1  Ruby  and  Sapphire  Jewels 
Adjusted  to  Temperature  25  Year  Gold  Strata  Case 
Adjusted  to  Isochronism     Your  Choice  of  Dials 
Adjusted  to  Positions  ( inciudino  Mmtgomtni  R.  R.  Dial) 

New  Ideas  in  Thin  Cases 


ItotVn 


Only  One  Dollar  Down  will  buy  this  masterpiece  of  wttch 
manufacture.  The  balance  you  are  allowed  to  pay  in 
small,  easy,  monthly  payments.  The  Burlington  —  a  21- 
Jewel  Watch  —  is  sold  to  you  at  a  price  much  lower  than 
that  of  other  high-grade  watches.  Besides,  you  have  the 
selection  of  the  finest  thin  model  designs  and  latest  styles 
in  watch  cases.  Don't  delay!  Write  for  the  FREE  Watch 
Book  and  our  SPECIAL  OFFER  today. 


Write 


,  Wk&Tks 
SpeeialOflerlgsts 


Get  the  Butlington  Watch  Book  by  sending  this  coupon. 
Find  out  about  this  great  special  offer  which  is  being  made 
for  only  a  limited  time.  You  will  know  a  great  deal  more 
about  watch  buying  when  you  read  this  book.  You  will 
be  able  to  "steer  clear"  of  the  over-priced  watches  which 
are  no  better.  Remember,  the  Burlington  is  sent  to  you 
for  only  One  Dollar  down,  balance  in  small  monthly  pay- 
ments. Send  the  coupon  for  watch  book  and  our  special 
offer  TODAY1    Do  not  delay  one  minutel 

mtii,iii!iiiiiimimmiiimiiimiiii!iimiiimiMiiiiimiiiiiiii"miiiiiiiiMM 

I  Burlington  Watch  Company 

5  Dept.5316      19^  gt    g^  Marshall  Blvd.,  Chicago 

Canadian  Address:  62  Albert  St.,  Winnipeg,  Manitoba 
s  Please  send  me  (without  obligations  and  prepaid)  your  free 
:  book  on  watches  with  full  explanation  of  your  $1.00  down 
s  offer  on  the  Burlington  Watch. 


s  Name— — — 
t  Address 


Send  for  Catalog 


1  umbi  ng,  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing.  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40^  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  hearing  supplies  to  all. 


B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


The  IMPROVED  Rapid  Floor  Surfacer 


Mad:  in  Siveral  Sizn 


will  surface  right  up  to  the 
walJ  or  baseboard  without  the 
use  of  edge-roller. 

Juit  the   machine  you   would 

want   for  surfacing   ail  kinds 

of    wood    floors,    whether    old 

or   new.      Will    smooth    down 

rapidly  and  eaiily  all 

joints    or    warped 

edges.    Perfect  results 

guaranteed.    Hare 

than  20,000  in  use. 

Send  for  Our  Free 
Trial  Offer 

M.  L.  Schlueter 

230  West   Illinois 
Street,  Chietjo 


K&E 


MEASURING 
TAPES 

are  the  Best 


For  Sale  by  all  Hardware  Dealers 
KEUFFEL&  ESSERCO. 

NEW  YORK,  '.27  fj--  srwt  Gs-e-i:  Ca  tat  Fi-=-a,  H0B0KEM,  H.  1. 

CHICAGO  ST.  LOUIS  SAN  FRANCISCO  MONTREAL 

111-29  I  Zv&iar*  Jt.        tn  Laac  S*.  33-34  Secsod  ST.  5  kaai  2uii*  K,  "bT. 

Ct--.;  «iar*j.  II  iCntr  &af  ant  Sstrr'i;  '  ^  Tjr&tta,  ■  asxic;  Ti£« 


Does  The  Job  in  a  Hurry 

THE    "IDEAL"    ELECTRIC 
FLOOR  SANDER 

THE  Ideal  is  a  marvel  for  simplic- 
ity, ease  of  operation,  low  cost 
of  maintenance  and  the  quantity 
and  quality  of  work  it  will  do  on  all 
grades  of  old  and  new  floors. 

The    materials     and     design 
are    the    best    the    art    of    me- 
chanics   can   devise  and 
the    finished    sander    is 
unequalled  for  long  and 
faithful  service. 
Write  for  complete  information 
on   the   "Ideal." 

BOETTCHER  CO. 

442    N.    Peoria   Street, 
Chicago,    III. 


BUILD  YOUR  OWN  PHONOGRAPH 


OUR  NEW 
CATALOGUE 

TELLS   HOW 

IT'S    FREE! 

WRITE  FOR  IT 


CARPENTER  &  CABINET  MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO. 
1419  West  Adams  St.,  Chicago,  IJI. 


J 


TO   USE  THE  "SPECI 


r^ 


Set  anvil  number  corresponding  to  the 
number  of  saw  points  to  the  inch  of  the 
«aw  opposite  the  plunger  point,  run  up 
the  gauge  screw  until  the  saw  just  goes 
through  easily,  and  proceed  to  set  your 
saw. 


New  York 


CHAS.  MORRILL 


Set  saws 
justkght 


MORKILL 
SAW5ETS 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  .Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 

7 


give 


e  measurements 


izs:an:.y. 


Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  nroof.  Use  it 
once  and  you  iciV.  never  -.cork  without  it. 
Write  txday  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

841C  East  136th  St..  New  York  City 


AMERICAN    HANDY    SAW    TABLE 

%  H.  P.  Motor  operates  it;  or  14  H.  P.  for  light 
work.  Furnished  also  with  countershaft  for  belt  drive. 
Saws  up  to  2"  thick  once  through. 

Steel  table  20"x26'\  36"  high,  saw  8"  Dia.  May  be 
raised  or  lowered  for  dado  work,  ripping,  cut-off  and 
mitre  gauges,  saw  guards  and  splitter.  Weight,  crated 
220  lbs. 

Price  Without  Motor  $60.00 

Ask  for  descriptive  bulletin  of  this  and  other  ma- 
chines for  the  carpenter  and  builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Co. 

136  Main  St.,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

50  Church  St.,  New  York — The  Bourse,  Philadelphia. 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 
TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 

Are  You  One  Of  Them? 

Sold  By  Leading  Hardware  Dealers  Everywhere 
Send  for  Book  :  "Care  of  Saws,"  free  to  members  of 

The  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York 


TheRustlessRule 

~  RLC.U.5.PAtOfK 

Made  of  Luminoy.  a  special  alioy  ui  Aluminum. 

Here  is  THE  Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  have.  It  won't  rujt. 
weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  a  steel  rule,  yet  Is  lust  n 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  together  with  permanent 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  ui 
for  printed  matter  and  prices. 

THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 

7  Lafayette  Ave.  Buffalo,   N.   Y. 


rHE   Wayvell   Chapped   Automatic    Ball    Bearing   Electric 
Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish  your 
lew  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  them. 

As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishing 
loors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  flats,  apart- 
aents,  etc.,  all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  awnv  with. 
!t  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and  • 
iteadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
iates. 

Only  surfacing  machine  having  roll- 
T    sanding    even    with    base- 
loard    from     either     side 
nachine,     doing     away     with  | 
ineven  work  of  edge  roll- 
r  attachment.  Four  sizes. 

Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
ept  our  free   trial   offer. 

(Machine  demon- 
trated  also  at  our 
Branch  Office.  921 
Washington  Blvd., 
hlcago.) 
Man.  by  Wayvell 

Chappell  &  Co. 

8    N.    Jackson    St. 

Dept.   A. 

Waukegan,    III.  "■*  Pat.  1912-1916 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
S^SH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


WECKS  SEXTOBLADE 
RAZOR 


STYLE  A  $3.00 

BUILT    FOR    CORRECT 
SHAVING. 


EASY  TO  STROP,  IN- 
SURING LONG  BLADE 
SERVICE. 


SIMPLEST  IN 

CONSTRUCTION 

ASK  YOUR  DEALER 

or  EDW.  WECK  &  SON,  N.  Y. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World   Over 

Established  1790 

QUALITY  GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 


SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time  by 
over  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
on  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther,  Chicago,  says:       "The  Expert's 
Choice  File  flies  18  hand  saws  and  Is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert's  Choice  does  not  prove 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used.      DELTA 
SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 
extra  hard   saw.      Buy   your   tools    of    the    dealer    who   sella 
Delta  Files.      He  Is  the  quality  man. 

Trial  Offer  If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you,  send  us  20c, 
,"",>"  ■  2Sc  or  30c  for  trial  file,  sent  prepaid.  Do 
this  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  u 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

A  REAL  LEVEL  AND  PLUMB 
ioo%  Adjustable.         No  Holes  to  Cut 


"THE  HIGHEST  GRADE  FILE  MADE" 
DELTA  "HAND    SAW'"  FILES' 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL' 


MECHANICS    FAVORITE' 


''-.'    EXPERTS   CHOICE  *f '"•.-"'. 

.  OOES-TWlCf  frtC  'WORK  IN  HALF  THE  TIME    0",J 

The  File.You  Will  EvENTUALLr  Use    i&K 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


BBsSfi 

The  best  Auger  Bit  File  made —  We  will  deliver  on  receipt  of  30  cent!  each. 


Designed  es- 
pecially for  the 
Convenience  of 
Progressive  Me- 
chanics. 
The  TJ.  B.  A. 
for  Leveling, 
Plumbing, 
Grades  and 
Pitches.  A  n 
all  around 
Level  and 
Plumb,  to  be 
applied  to  any 
Length  Straight 
Edge.  All 
Steel  Base  Fin- 
ished. Strict- 
ly Rust  Proof. 
Thousands  of 
satisfied  users. 
A  Real  Tool. 
Have  your 
Hardware  Deal- 
er supply  you, 
if  lie  cannot, 
send  us  his 
name  and  your 
money  order 
and  we  will 
mail  you  direct. 
(Pocket  Size- 
s'  inches) 


Price  $,1.25 
THE  UNION  LEVEL  M'F'G  CO. 

1979    W.    I  llth    Street  Chicago. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

The  only  Gauge  made  which  will 
mark  accurately  for  both  sides  of 
Lock  with  one  stroke.  Likewise 
will  mark  for  both  sides  of  the 
Strike-plate  with  one  stroke.  (See 
cuts  Nos.  1  and  2.)  Send  Money 
Order. 

Price    $2.00.      Guaranteed 

If  six  or  more  brothers  club  together  and  order 
six  or  more  gauges  in  one  order,  price  will  be 
$1.75  for  each  gauge. 

Manufactured    by 


Julian  St. 


M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158. 
LOS  ANGELES, 


No.  2.    Lock. 

CAL. 


tfttS 


III 


UUgfiJ 


Siirply  write  on  a  postal '  'Send 
165"  and  we'll  send  you  free  the 
booklet  that  will  show  how  to 
make  many  useful  things  that 
you  can  sell  at  a  bigr  profit. 
Write  today  without  faii  if  you 
cc  u  use  some  extra  money* 


It's  a  Money*  Make*  ior 
men  who  are  craftsmen/ 

Cornell- Wood-Board  provides  plenty  of  day  work  and  home  work 
for  the  man  who  wants  to  earn  real  money.  It  is  made  of  pure,  refined 
wood  pulp  in  sheets  3-16  inch  thick.  Used  in  place  of  lath  and  plaster 
for  walls,  ceilings,  partitions  and  165  other  practical  uses.  It  is  Triple- 
Sized,  thereby  reducing  expansion  and  contraction.  Its  Mill-Primed 
surface  takes  calcimine  or  paint  beautifully.  Saves  labor  and  cost.  It  will 
not  crack  or  split.  Sold  by  luml  er  dealers  in  two  widths  and  ten  lengths. 

You  must  be  sure  that  this  trademark 

is  on  the  edge  of  each  panel.  It  is  worth  your  while  as  a  craftsman  to 
insist  upon  the  best.  If  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you  write  us  direct, 
and  we'll  see  that  you  do  get  it.  Complete  instructions  for  sawing,  nail- 
ing, joining  and  painting  Cornell  Wood  Board  included  in  each  bundle. 

CORNELL  WOOD  PRODUCTS  COMPANY 

General  Offices:    190  North  State  Street,  Chicago 


Water  power  mills  and  limber  lands  in  Wisconsin 


wend  fcckuf  fat  -you/i,  Cofal 


STRAIGHT  BACK,  SKEW  BACK 
OLD  STYLE  OR  NEW  IMPROVED 
PERFECTION  HANDLES— 

"Full   width   and   ship   point." 

Ou  this  page  we  illustrate  four  pat- 
terns of  saws  which  are  liked  by 
many  carpenters.  II  you  do  not  see 
any  that  YOU  like,  write  for  our  Saw 
Sense  Book. 

Our  trade  mark  is  etched  on  all  Silver 
Steel  Saws  and  it  serves  to  identify 
us  as  progressive  saw  makers  who 
apply  skill,  art  and  science  in  the  pro- 
duction of  them. 

The  methods  we  employ  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  Silver  Steel  Saws  is  your 
assurance  of  obtaining  "The  Finest 
On  Earth."  in  saws  at  a  fair  price. 
If  you  want  service  you  can  get  it  in 
Atkins  Saws,  the  Saws  that  you  can 
count  on  to  do  your  work  well,  Saws 
that  cut  clean,  fast  and  smooth,  Saws 
that  give  you  the  most  service  with 
less  filing. 


Enclose  a  quarter  for  nail 
apron,  souvenir  lead  pencil 
and   Standard    Time   Book. 


E.C.ATKINS  &  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  18S7  THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW   PEOPLE 

Home  Office  cj\d  Factory.  INDlANAPOLIS.rN DIANA 

Canadian  Fettory.  Hamilton  Owario 
Machine  Kntfe  Factory,  Lancaster  N."Y» 

Branches  Carrying Compkto  Stocks  hi  The  Following Clthw 

Atlanta  New  Orleans  Seattle 

Memphis  New  York  City  Paris.  France 

CKicatfo  Portland, Ore.  Sydney.  N.  S.* 

Minneapolis  3  or\  Franc  is,  co  VWveouver,  B.C. 


T£c 


Published  monthly  by  the 
United  Brotherhood  of  Car- 
penters and  Joiners  of 
America,  at  222  E.  Mich- 
igan St.,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 
One  Dollar  per  year.  En- 
tered as  second-class  mat- 
ter, July  22,  1915,  at  the 
Post  Office  of  Indianapolis, 
Ind.,  under  Act  of  Congress, 
Aug.  24,  1912.  Acceptance 
for  mailing  at  special  rate 
of  postage  provided  for  in 
Section  1103,  Act  of  Oc- 
tober 3,  1917,  authorized 
on  July  8,  1918. 

Volume  XLII,  No.  10. 


Tzr 


^*« 

v 


sfeY"2     A 


OCTOBER,  1922 


fff"T 


^s  SHEETROCK  ^ 

v-^   DIRECTIONS  FOR  APPLICATION    KJ 

Follow  Carefully 


ERECT  CEILINC  FIRST 

: " 

•«™   ***""   U  <*   ^   ("(«'   ""If"    '°  •"«   I  «   »  ■*•  ! 

^SSHSS 

S 

^SHSl 

H'SrtaS 

il', 

53  i0iK"JS^n^',t' 

i',r,",^rs'is^"sS 

APPLICATION  ON  WALLS 

UNITED  STATES  GYPSUM  COMPANY 

205  WEST  MONROE  STREET,  CHICAGO 


This  folder  shows  the  easiest  way  to 
erect  Sheetrock — send  for  a  free  copy! 


Every  carpenter  who  has  used 
Sheetrock  knows  that  it  is  not 
only  rigid,  sturdy  and  non- 
warping,  but  that  it  is  the 
easies  t  wallboard  to  apply. 

In  the  folder  pictured  above 
are  shown  many ' '  short  cuts' ' 
for  erecting  Sheetrock,  as 
well  as  directions  for  securing 


perfect  results.  The  back  of 
the  folder  tells  how  to  deco- 
rate Sheetrock. 

Send  for  your  Sheetrock  Di- 
rection Folder  today  while  yoi 
think  of  it.  Ask  for  your  copy 
of  our  Carpenter's  Time  Book, 
too,  if  you  haven't  already 
secured  one.  Use  the  coupon. 

UNITED   STATES  GYPSUM   COMPANY 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  IU. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 

Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

Please  send  me  the  Sheetrock  Direction  Folder. 


□    Also  a  free  copy  of  the  Carpenter's  Time  Book 


Name. 


Address. 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


^arhecU 


M 


ore  homes! 

Yes — but  better  built  homes. 


That's  the  important  thing. 

This  is  the  age  of  quality.  "Not  how 
cheaply  can  I  build,  but  how  well," 
should  be  your  thought  when  you  pore 
over  home  plans,  when  you  consult  arch- 
itects, contractors  and  lumbermen. 

Inferior  materials  are  an  extravagance 
none  can  afford.  For  a  home,  to  be  a 
real  investment  both  in  money  and  satis- 
faction must  last  as  long  as  you  care  to 
live  in  it. 

*  #      * 
Almost  everything  that  can  go  into  the 

building  of  a  home  bears  the  trade-mark 
of  some  manufacturer  who  has  said  to 
himself : 

"If  I  am  to  realize  my  ambitions  in 
building  a  permanent  business,  I  must 
put  into  what  I  make  the  best  of  my  skill 
and  knowledge,  must  label  it  with  my 
trade- marked  name,  must  win  for  that 
name  an  honorable  place  and  must  keep 
it  so." 

*  *      * 

Trade-marks  are  guides  to  good  mer- 
chandise. You  have  proved  it  for  your- 
self in  buying  the  food  you  eat  and  the 
t'lothing  you  wear. 


The  most  widely  used  building  ma- 
terial that  goes  into  homes  is  lumber. 
You  should  know  the  lumber  you  buy — 
and  you  can. 

For  it,  too,  is  trade-marked.  You  can 
buy  it  by  brand  with  the  same  assurance 
you  buy  other  trade- marked  goods. 

The  name  Long-Bell  on  lumber  is  your 
guide-mark  to  lumber  and  lumber  pro- 
ducts of  uniform  quality. 

Long-Bell  Lumber  has  back  of  it  47 
years  of. honorable  enterprise. 

Long-Bell  Lumber  comes  from  excep- 
tional stands  of  virgin  timber;  manufac- 
tured in  modern  mills. 

Long-Bell  Lumber  is  made  by  skilled 
workmen  —  men  who  take  a  personal 
pride  in  a  product  bearing  their  com- 
pany's name. 

Long-Bell  Lumber  is  manufactured 
and  graded  under  the  supervision  of  ex- 
perts who  work  to  a  standard.  Each  log 
is  cut  for  purposes  for  which  it  is  best 
adapted. 

*      *      * 

Long-Bell  Lumber  ts  trade  marked.  This 
means  unmistakable  identification — the  same 
kind  of  a  buying  guide  you  demand  on  other 
merchandise. 


Ask  You?*  Lumberman 

The  Tpno-fieuL,  Timber  Compann 


R.  A- LONG    DUILDINO        Lumbr 


1875       KANSAS     CITY,     IVIO. 


Southern  Pine  Lumber  and  Timbers;   Creosoted  Lumber, 
Timbers,  Posts,  Poles,  Ties,  Piling  and  Wood  Blocks, 
California  White  Pine  Lumber,  Sash  and  Doorst 
Standardized  Woodwork;  Southern  Hard- 
woods; Oak  Flooring. 


6^ 


sffgli 


^romOe  HEART 
ofBieVm* 


1.  Essco  Heart  Edge-grain  Flooring  is  made  only 
of  the  heart- wood  of  the  pine;  therefore,  it 
is  remarkably  durable. 

2.  It  comes  through  our  mills  under  the  per- 
sonal direction  of  the  mill  manager  himself. 

3.  It  is  finished  so  smoothly  that  almost  no 
sanding  or  scraping  is  necessary  after  it  is 
laid — an  economy  in  labor. 

4.  It  can  be  finished  in  a  wide  variety  of  ways, 
thus  insuring  perfect  harmony  with  the  wood- 
work, decoration  and  furnishings  of  your 
home. 

5.  It  compares  favorably  in  beauty  and  durabil- 


ity with  the   more   expensive   woods  common- 
ly used  for  flooring. 

6.  It  comes  in  long  lengths,  thus  making  it  easy 
to  lay — another  economy  in  labor. 

7.  In   our   process   of   manufacture,    it  is   graded 
and  regraded   and  graded   again. 

8.  It  is  closely  inspected  for  regularity  of  grain 
and  uniformity  of  color. 

9.  It    is    protected    from    the    weather    from    the 
moment  it  is  made. 

10.  It   is    tied    carefully    into    neat    bundles    and 
loaded  for  shipment  in  clean  cars. 

11.  It  is   obtainable  either  in   Edge-grain  or  £at 
grain,  3  and  4  inches  wide. 


ESSCO  Flooring  and  other  ESSCO  lumber  products 
are  obtainable  through  retail  lumber  dealers. 
If    not    available    in    your    community,    write    us. 

FxcfMNce  Sawmills  $ol£s  Qj. 


Long  Building 


Kansas  City,  Mo. 


P.  R.  WATKINS, 

Sec'y  &  Mgr.  Yard  Sales 


R.  B.  WHITE,  President  &  General  Manager 

R.   S.  PRICE, 
Mgr.  Railroad  &  Timber  Sale 

TLjjj 


A  Generation  From  Now 


From  the  moment  you  start  the  roll  until  the  last  fastener 
is  down,  you  know  you  are  doing  two  important  jobs — pro- 
tecting a  building  from  the  ravages  of  the  weather  and 
maintaining  your  reputation  as  a  good  carpenter. 

Lay  Ruberoid  Roll-roofing  and  a  generation  from  now 
you  can  face  the  owner  and  talk  about  the  Ruberoid  roof 
that  is  still  giving  service. 

Ruberoid  Roll-roofing  is  made  from  a  careful  selection  of 
raw  materials  and  by  the  same  formula  which  has  given 
service  for  thirty  years. 

If  you  use  Ruberoid  Roofing 
products — Mineralized  Roll- 
roofing  (in  red  and  green), 
Smooth-surfaced  Roll-roofing, 
Ruberoid  Unit-shingles  and 
Strip-shingles — time  will  tell 
one  thing  of  vital  importance — 
it  will  tell  the  owner  that  you 
knew  what  you  were  talking 
about  when  you  recommended 
Ruberoid. 


Hoofing 


The  RUBEROID  Co. 


A  New  Millers  Falls  Too 
for  Carpenters 

Ratchet  Screw  Driver 

No.  63 


Ask  your  dealer  to  show  you  the 
new  Millers  Falls  Ratchet  Screw 
Driver  No.  63.  You  will  like  the 
way  it  looks  and  the  way  it  works. 
You  will  recognize  instantly  that 
here  is  a  tool  that  will  do  every- 
thing you  expect  of  a  screw  driver. 

The  ratchet,  which  is  the  principal 
working  part  of  the  tool,  is  of  sim- 
ple construction,  and  for  this  rea- 
son unusually  strong.  It  operates 
smoothly,  noiselessly  and  without 
friction.  Almost  impossible  for  it 
to  get  out  of  order. 

Ratchet  pawls  are  tool  steel.  Ratch- 
et springs — spring  steel.  Ratchet 
frame — cold  rolled  steel.  Blade  — 
highest  quality  screw  driver  steel, 
hardened  and  tempered. 

Handle  —  hardwood,  highly  pol- 
ished. Shaped  to  conform  to  hand. 
Thumb  rest  at  lower  end. 

Exposed  metal  parts  polished  and 
nickel  plated. 

Lengths  :   3  in..  4  in.,  5  in. 


MILLERS  FALLS  COMPANY 

MILLERS  FALLS,  MASS. 

Manufacturers  of  Carpenters'  Tools,  Hack 
Saws  and  Automobile  Tools 


MILLERS  FALL5 

TDDL5 


Our  street  has  discovered 

many  different  uses  for  Beaver  Board 


WARNING! 


UP  and  down  every  street  there  are  many  ways  genuine  Beaver  Board  can  be  used  to 
save  money  and  bring  long  wanted  conveniences. 

Think  about  your  own  home,  office  or  store.  Aren't  there  new  rooms  you  want? 
Repairs  you  would  like  to  have  made?  A  warmer  garage  for  winter?  Old  spaces  you 
would  like  to  convert  to  new,  useful  purposes? 

Genuine  Beaver  Board  enables  you  to  do  these  things  quickly,  easily  and  at  very  low 
cost.  This  remarkable  material  comes  in  big,  wide  panels,  ready  to  use.  It  is  the  only 
real  manufactured  lumber  made  entirely  from  tjie  long,  tough  fibres  of  while  spruce. 
Each  panel  is  absolutely  flawless  and  knotless.  Each  is  sized  by  our  patented  Sealtite 
process  which  preserves  the  surface  and  conditions  it  for  painting  or  decorating.  It  is 
impossible  to  get  these  features  in  any  other  wallboard  except  genuine  Beaver  Board ! 

Ask  any  good  carpenter  or  lumber  dealer  to  estimate  on  the  cost  of  genuine  Beaver 
Boarding  for  your  needs.  You  will  be  amazed  at  the  low  cost  and  ease  with  which  it 
can  be  done.  Or,  if  you  prefer,  write  to  our  Builders'  Service  Department  in  Buffalo, 
telling  us  what  you  want  and  giving  dimensions  of  rooms  and  location  of  doors,  win- 
dows, etc.    We  will  gladly  prepare  all  specifications  at  no  cost  to  you  whatever 

Don't  put  it  off  until  cold  weather  comes.  Decide  to-day  Look  over  the  uses  sug- 
gested below.    How  many  fit  your  needs? 


CHECK  UP   YOUR  USE   FOR   BEAVER   BOARD.      HOME  USES:  Walls  w  ceilings  throughout  /.on....  bomgal. 

summer    homes    and   cottages.      Finishing    the   attic.      Dining-room   wainscots.      Beamed    ceili 
enrages.      Covering    up    old    plaster.      Remodeling    large    rooms    into   more,   but    smaller    quar 
Building.in    bathrooms.      Additions.      Tiled    Wainscots    lor    kitchens    and    bat 


Building 

irivate   oflici 


FARM  USES:    Lit 


,   rS.in 

Sheathing    lor    small 

•ies   and  other   build- 

BUSINESS    USES, 

„,    etc.      Lining    lae- 

Displa. 


bottom 


THE  BEAVER  PRODUCTS  COMPANY,  Inc.,  Buffalo,  New  York 
The  Beaver  Company,  Ltd.,  Thorold,  Ont.,  Canada,  and  London,  England 
District  Sales  Offices  at  New  York,  Atlanta,  Buffalo,  Chicago  and  Kansas  City 


BEAVER  BOARD 


ttnuimt  Btiver  Board 
soar   J-'.piite   book 
"Beaver  Board  and  lu  Uie. 


City  and  Suit— 


WVRNING--BE  SURE  YOU  GET  GENUINE  BEAVER  BOARD  IDENTIFIED  BY  THE  BEAVER  TRADE  MARK 

WE  ASKED  OURSELVES  THIS  QUESTION 

"What  is  the  best  way  to  send  still  more  buyers  of  Beaver  Board  to  our  dealers 
this  fall  V" 

The  above  advertisement  is  part  of  the  answer.  It  appears  in  the  Saturday 
Evening  Post  on  October  7th.  Read  it.  Notice  how  we  have  brought  out  the 
many  different  uses  of  Beaver  Board.  Don't  you  agree  that  this  kind  of  adver- 
tising is  going  to  help  boost  your  sales  this  fall  i 

There  is  a  full  campaign  in  the  Saturday  Evening  Post — and  a  striking  series 
for  newspapers.  Then,  there  is  a  well-planned  campaign  for  your  tie-up.  All  are 
based  on  the  one  big  idea — more  sales  of  Genuine  Beaver  Board  right  away  !  If 
you  aren^t  a  Beaver  Board  dealer  now — wire  or  write  ue. 


Could  Yon  [Han  and  Figure  Cost; 
on  a  Home  or  Business  Building: 


The  Big  Money  Goes  to  the  Man  Who  Knows 


The  man  who  can  read  plans,  make  es- 
timates, superintend  jobs  or  take  con- 
tracts is  the  man  who  makes  the  big 
money  in  the  building  business.  Can 
you  do  these  things?  It  you  cannot 
do  them  then  you  are  not  yet  in  the 
real  money-making  class. 
But,  you  can  become  a  building  expert 
quickly   in   spare   time.      The   Chicago 


"Tech"'  experts  will  train  you  by  mail 
in  every  important  branch  of  the  build- 
ing business  by  practical  instruc.ion  on 
actual  blue  print  building. plans  and 
specifications.  Xo  "high-brow*  books 
to  study.  The  plans  cover  all  kinds  of 
buildings  and  are  the  same  as  used  by 
the  contractor.  They  are  yours  to 
keep.     Send  the  Coupon  today. 


Boom  In  Building  Coming,  Get  Ready 


There  is  a  fa 

uil ''!::■  2 

v.,-,---. 

opportunity  will  com 

:  itdc 

There's    a 

Market 

for 

Your 

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training  and  your 


points  of  the  building 
business.  Take  the  Chi- 
cago "  Tech  "  Builders' 
Course. — it  is  planned  for 
practical  men.  Xo  time 
given  to  '"fancy"  studies 
or  useless  theories.  Just 
everyday  practical  infor- 
mation that  you  must 
have  to  make  a  big  suc- 
cess as  a  builder. 


Easy  Methods  —  Quick 

Results 
You     get    the    same    blue 
prints,    the    same    lessons, 

:    .    raaa    are    ;.;:    by  the 

aaairei;    ■;:    Vailiers    ~a: 

rr-.-ai    :ar    eTeaiag    -;a;:". 

ports  who  teach  them  aTe 

'.':.-.    -    -.--.   rr-laiag   ar   :::lae 
a:  a  "::;  s  a  via  2  :f  Tine  aai 


Some  of  the  Subjects  We  Teach 


Pic 


H-- 


om  plans.     How  to  stake  out  buildings, 
sement  to  roof,  etc^,  etc 


How  to  read  detail 
Practice  in  reading 


Estimating.    Figurin?  amount  and  cost 
of   materials.      Estimating   time  and   la- 

as  stairs,  roofing,  rafters,  etc.  Mill- 
work  ;  window  and  door  frames,  mould- 
ings, cornices,  etc.  All  about  the  steel 
square.  Lathing  and  plastering.  Exca- 
vations. Brick,  stone  and  concrete  work. 
Fireproofing.  Glazing.  Plumbing.  Heat- 
ing, Wiring,  etc.,  etc. 

■Intending.  Methods  of  work  on 
all  classes  of  buildings.  Uses  and  prep- 
aration of  all  kinds  of  material.  Hiring 
and  handling  men. 

Also  Special  Courses  in  Architect 
Drafting  for  Carpenters  and  in  Plumbing 
and  Heating  and  Ventilating,  all  taught 
by  practical  men. 

Send  the  Coupon 
for  Proof 

'Don't  delay.  Send  the  coupon  and  prove 
to  yourself  what  this  course  will  do  for 
you.  Ton  incur  no  obligation  in  asking 
for  our  new  book  '-How  to  Be?»d  Blue 
Prints' '.  a  Trial  Lesson  in  Plan  Beading 
for  Builders  :  also  blue  prints  and  draw- 
ings. All  sent  free  to  any  builder  who 
sends  in  the  coupon. 


FREE--2  Books 

on  "How  to  Read  Blue  Prints", 

a  Trial  Lesson  in  Plan  Reading 
for  Builders. 

Just  off  the  press.  Full  of  building  information. 
Sent  Free  with  Blue  Prints,  Drawings,  etc.,  to  any 
man  now  in  the  building  line,  who  sends  us  his 
name  on  this  coupon. 


I1 


■    Chicago  Technical  College, 
1039  Chicago  Tech  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 

I 

l-_ 

H    Post  Office State 

I    0  :  lar  ariea    .  .         


BUILDING  TRADES  NEED  TRAINED  MEN! 


Thousands  of  good 

THE  business  tide  has  turned!  And 
the  building  trades  are  leading  the 
way  back  to  prosperity!  Government 
experts  estimate  that  more  than  four  billion 
dollars  will  be  spent  for  construction  thisyear. 

"It  will  take  us  12  years,  working  25  per 
cent  above  normal,"  says  John  Ihlder, 
Manager  of  the  Civic  Development  De- 
partment of  the  United  States  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  "to  provide  as  adequately  for 
our  population  as  before  the  war." 

Today  the  most  vital  need  of  this  great 
building  program  is  men — trained  men — 
men  who  can  step  right  in  and  do  the 
skilled  work  that  building  construction 
requires. 

There  is  a  simple,  easy,  fascinating  way 
by  which  you  can  prepare  for  a  good  posi- 
tion, at  a  good  salary.  You  can  do  it  right 
at  home,  in  spare  time,  no  matter  where 
you  live,  through  the  International  Corre- 
spondence Schools. 

There  is  no  question — no  doubt  about 
this.  For  thirty  years  the  I.  C.  S.  has  been 
training  men  for  advancement  in  the  build- 
ing trades  and  in  many  other  business  and 
technical  subjects. 

A  recent  investigation  of  13,298  students 
enrolled  in  I..  C.  S.  Building  Trades  Courses 
showed  that  1291  had  become  Architects; 
246  had  become  Designers;  494  had  become 
Chief  Draftsmen ;  2827  had  become  Drafts- 
men; 1845  had  become  Contractors;  211 
had  become  Assistant  Foremen;  4030  had 
become  Foreman ;  2354  had  become  Superin- 
tendents. 

YOU,  too,  can  have  the  position  you  want 
in  the  work  you  like  best,  an  income  that 
will  give  you   and  your  family  the  home, 


jobs  at  good  salaries 

the  comforts,  the  luxuries  you  would  like 
them  to  have.  No  matter  what  your  age, 
your  present  occupation,  or  your  means,  you 
can  do  it! 

All  we  ask  is  the  chance  to  prove  it. 
That's  fair,  isn't  it?  Then  mark  and  mail 
this  coupon. 

TEAR  OUT  HERE 

INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS 

Box   8842,   Scranton,   Penna. 
Without  cost  or  obligation,   please  tell  me  how  I  can 
qualify  for  the  position  or  in  the  subject  before  which  I 
have  marked  an  X  in  the  list  below. 

TECHNICAL   AND    INDUSTRIAL   DEPARTMENT 
D  Architect  □  Surveying  and  Mapping 

□  Architectural  Draftsman      DGas  Engine  Operating 

□  Blue  Print  Reading  □Automubile  Work 
□Building  Foreman  □Airplane  Engines 

□  Concrete  Builder  □Plumber  and  Steam  Fitter 

□  Contractor  and  Builder        □Plumbing  Inspector 

□  Structural  Draftsman  □Foreman  Plumber 

□  Structural  Engineer  □Heating  and  Ventilation 
□Electrician  □  Sheet  Metal  Worker 

□  Electrical  Engineer  □Steam  Engineer 

□  Electrical  Contractor  □Railroad  Positions 

□  Electric  Wiring  □Chemistry 

□  Mechanical  Engineer  □Pharmacy 

□  Mechanical  Draftsman         □Metallurgy 

□  Machine  Shop  Practice        □  Mining  Engineer 

□  Toolmaker  □Navigation 

□  CivU  Engineering  □Mathematics       □  Radio 

BUSINESS   TRAINING    DEPARTMENT 

□  Business  Management  □Salesmanship 

□  industrial  Management       ^Advertising 

□  Personnel  Organization       DBetter  Letters 

□  Traffic  Management  DForeign  Trade 

□  Business  Law  □Show  Card  Lettering 

□  Banking  and  Banking  Law  □Stenography  and  Typing 

□  Accountancy  □Teacher 

(including  C.P.A.)        □  CivU  Service 

□Nicholson  Cost  □Railway  Mail  Clerk 

Accounting  □Common  School  Subjects 

□  Bookkeeping  DHlgh  School  Subjects 

□  Business  English  Qlllustrating 

□  Private  Secretary  QCartoonlng 
□Business  Spanish  u  French 

Name 

Street 

Address 

City State 

Occupation 

Parsons  residing  in  Canada  should  srnd  this  coupon  to  the 

International   Correspondence   Schools   Canadian, 

Limited,  Montreal,  Canada. 


What's  Your 
Future? 

It's  a  shame  for 
you  to  earn  less  than 
$100.00  a  week.  You 
ought  to  earn  more. 
You  can  do  it  too, 
when  you  are  back- 
ed up  with  my  train- 
ing —  the  training 
that  makes  "Big 
Pay  Men,"  Don't  be 
content  with  an  or- 
dinary job  paying 
anywhere  from  $3 
to$10.00aday,with 
no  future  to  speak 
of.  Strike  right  out 
—hold  thejob  you've 
got  and  prepare  for 
a  better  one — pre- 
pare for  a  "he  man's 
job"  in  the  $3500  to 
$10,000  a  year  class 
in  the  greatest  pro- 
fession in  the  world. 
I  will  show  you  the 
way. 

Radio  Course 
FREE 

My  new $45.00 Radio 
Course,  just  completed 
given  Free  when  you 
enroll  for  the  Electrical 
Course.  Two  courses 
for  the  price  of  one.Two 
professionsopentoyou. 


FreeProc 

That  Cooke  Trained  M 

do  Eai 

$3,500i 
$10,OOi 


Let  me  send  you  Free, 
this  big  package  of  "Vi- 
tal Facts"  showing  what 
"Cooke  Trained  Men" 
earn,  the  big  opportuni- 
ties Electricity  offers  and 
how  you,  too,  can  earn 
$3,500  to  $10,000  a  year. 
The  coupon  will  bring 
it  Free. 


AYeai* 


Electrical  Experts— Trained  Men  are  in  big  demand  at  the 
salaries  ever  known.  The  opportunities  for  advancement  and  a' 
cess  are  unlimited — positively  unlimited.  The  Electrical  Indust 
a  big  shortage  of  trained  men.  It  needs  you  and  will  pay  yc 

Be  an  Electrical  Expel 
and  Get  This  Big  Pay  Yours 

Today  even  the  ordinary  electrician,  the  screw  driver  kind,  is  making  ( 
— big  money.  But  it's  the  trained  man — the  man  who  knows  the  whys  and! 
fores  of  Electricity — the  Electrical  Expert— who  is  picked  out  to  boss  the  o: 
electricians— to  boss  the  big  jobs— the  jobs  that  pay  $70.00  to  $200.00  a  wee 
yourself  for  one  of  these  big  jobs — Begin  Novr, 

Age  or  Lack  of  Experience  No  Drawback 

You  don't  have  to  be  a  College  Man;  you  don't  have  to  be  a  High  School  gradu? 
Course  in  Electricity  is  the  most  simple,  thorough,  and  successful  in  existence,  and  offe 
man,  regardless  of  age,  education,  or  previous  experience,  the  chence  to  become,  in  a 
short  time,  an  "Electrical  Expert,"  able  to  make  from  $70  to  $200  a  week. 

I  Give  Yon  A  Real  Training 

As  Chief  Engineer  of  the  Chicago  Engineering  Works  I  know  exactly  the  kind  of 
training  a  man  needs  to  get  the  best  positions  at  the  highest  salaries.    Hundreds  of  my 
students  are  now  earning  $3,500  to  $10,000  a  year.  Many  are  now  successful  ELEC- 
TRICAL ENGINEERS. 

Yonr  Satisfaction  Guaranteed.  4 

So  sure  am  I  that  you  can  learn  Electricity— so  sure  am  I  that  after  study-        f 
ing  with  me,  you  too,  can  get  into  the  "big  money"  class  in  Electrical  work,  W 

that  I  will  gurrantee  under  bond  to  return  every  single  penny  paid  me  in  f        C 

tuition  if,  when  you  have  finished  my  course  you  are  not  satisfied  it  was  .^r 

the  best  investment  you  ever  made.  a  Er 

FREE— Electrical  Working  Outfit— FREE  f      ChiCij 


I  give  each  student  a  Splendid  Outfit  of  Electrical  tools.  Materials  and  ^ "       —. 

Measuring  Instruments  absolutely  FREE.    I  also  supply  them  with  draw-  ^T  Jiinginei 

ing  Outfit,  examination  paper,  and  many  other  things  that  other  schools  .W  HVOr 

don't  furnish.     You  do  PRACTICAL  WORK — AT  HOME.     You  start  ^  »»«» 

right  in  after  the  first  few  lessons  to  WORK  AT  YOUR  PEOFES-  J      JWf     287.  215 

SION  in  a  practical  way.  jf      rence  Ave.,  ChiCJi 

i   Ge?  Started  Now-Mail  Coupon  W    DearSir:-Sendatonce 

I  want  to  send  you  my  package  of  "Vital  Facts"  mclud-  ^      t„i  paPts"  containing  San 

ing  Electrical  Book  and  Proof  Lessona  FREE.  These  cost  yoa  f         *~  %fjl 3BiC' ?B00k "and  fa 

nothing  and  you'll  enjoy  them.     Make  the  start  today  for  a  W       „iar=  Af  vour   Free   Outfit  at 

bright  future  in  Electricity.    Mail  the  coupon— NOW.  +        Study  Course-all  fully  prepaid, 

L.  L.  Cook,  Chief  Engineer  S     obliBation  on  my  p8rt 

CHICAGO  ENGINEERING  WORKS  f  „ 

___  ^  Name 

Dept.  287      21S0  Lawrence  Ave.  J 

Chicago,  Illinois.  ^ 


The 'Cooke  Trained  Man  is  the  "Bfel^y'Mt 


-  the  Newest 
Ipportunity  in  Floors 


m  planJto  build,"  we  are  saying  to  the 
tnroug.^  t^Q  magazjnes  which  present 
,w  y  Polished  book,  '  'you  should  con- 
le  c  Jbr  harmony  of  your  floors  as  care- 
!  tnaf  0f  your  waus  or  tapestries,  drapes 
iture 

re  arousing  interest  in  a  subject  which 

ifscussed  by  the  clients  of  architects, 
contractors,  builders.  The  possibili- 

ftor  harmony  are  illustrated  in  this  book 
'Me  photographic  color  reproductions, 
siding  matter  which  brings  out  the  dis- 
(s  and  differences  between  Maple,  Beech 
rch  for  floors.  It  develops  another  use- 
fof  these  woods,  which  have  long  held 
>rd  for  wear  because  of  their  toughness 

and  tightness  of  grain. 

}u  prepared  to  discuss  this  subject  with 
too  come  to  you?  Your  judgment  will 


undoubtedly  be  sought  by  many,  and  those 
who  have  not  already  seen  the  book  will  ap- 
preciate your  bringing  this  new  opportunity 
before  them.  With  this  book  you  will  have 
information  as  definite  as  actual  samples  of  the 
waxed  or  varnished  woods. 

Let  us  send  you  a  copy  or  copies  of  "Color 
Harmony  in  Floors. "  The  book  will  be  mailed 
you  with  our  compliments  if  you  write. 

Maple  Flooring  Manufacturers  Assn. 

1056  Stock  Exchange  Building,  Chicago 


The  letters  MFMAon 
Maple,  Beech  or  Birch 
flooring  signify  that  the 
flooring  is  standardized 
and  guaranteed  by  the 
MapleFlooring  Manufac- 
tu  rers  Associa  tion ,  whose 
members  must  attain  and 
maintain  the  highest 
standards  of  manufac- 
ture, and  adhere  to  manu- 


facturing and  grading 
rules  which  econom  ical  1  y 
conserve  every  particle  of 
these  remarkable  woods. 
Thistrademarkisforyour 
protection.  Look  for  it  on 
the  flooring  you  use. 

MFMA 


Floor  with  Maple 

Beech  or  Birch  *■ 


Just  Out 

Latest  Designs  in 
Watch  Cases  beau* 
tifully  illustrated  in 
our  booklet.    Send 

for  FREE 

Copy. 


inqtoi 


21  Rujby  and  Sapphire  Jew< 
25  Ye^r  Gold  Strata  Case 


Adjusted  to  the  Second 

Adjusted  to  Temperature 

Adjusted  to  Isochronism        v«„.  r»-i    •        e  r>-  i 
a  j-     *  a  *    n    -^  Your  Cihoice  of  Dials 

Adjusted  tO  FOSltlonS  (Including  Montgomery  R.  R.  Dial) 

New  Ideas  in  Thin  O.ases 


Only  One  Dollar  Down  will  buy  this 
masterpiece  of  watch  manufacture. 
The  balance  you  are  allowed  to  pay  in 
small,  easy,  monthly  payments.  The 
Burlington  —  a  21-Jewel  Watch  —  is 
sold  to  vou  at  a  price  much  lower  than 


that  of*  other  high-grade  watcht 
Besides,  you  have  the  selection  of  t 
finest  thin  model  designs  a.nd  late 
styles  in  watch  cases.  Don't  dela 
Write  for  the  FREE  Watch  Book  afl 
our  SPECIAL  OFFER  today. 


•iimiiMimmumiimmiiiimmimimimiiimimmiMiiimmiiuiu 


Get  the  Burlington  Watch  Book  by  sending  this  coupon.     Find  out  ab<^ 

this  great  special  offer  which  is  being  made  for  only  a  limited  time.    YJ 

will  know  a  great  deal  more  about  watch  buying  when  vou   read    t|i 

book.  You  will  be  able  to  "steer  clear" 

of  the  over-priced  watches  which 

are  no    better.     Remember,   the 

Burlington  is  sent  to  you  for  only  One 

Dollar  down,  balance  in  small  monthly 

payments.  Send  the  coupon  for  watch 

book  and  our  special  offer  TODAY! 


A 


Burlington  Watch  Company 

Dept.  5317,   19th  St.  and  Marshall  Blvd., 
Canadian  Address :  62  Albert  St.,  Winnipeg,] 

Please  send  me  (without  obligations  and  prepaid) 
book  on  watches  with  full  explanation  of  your  $1 
offer  on  the  Burlington  Watch. 


Burlington  Watch  Company 

Dept.  5317 1  '9th  Street  and  Marshall  Blvd.,  Chicago 
{frnm«^flt^  Address:  62  Albert  Street,  Winnipeg,  Manitoba 


Name- 


Address  • 


0  Drafting  Course  Free 


There  is  such  an  urgent  demand  for  practical, 

trainedDrasf  tsmen  that  I  am  making  this  special  offer  in  order 
to  enable  deserving,  ambitious  and  bright  men  to  get  into  this  line  of 
work.  I  will  teach  you  to  become  a  Draftsman  and  Designer,  until  you 
are  drawing  a  salary  of  $250.00  a  month.  You  need  not  pay  me 
for  my  personal  instruction  or  for  the  complete  set  of  instruments. 

Chief  Draftsman 

Will  Train  Yon  Personally 


250  a 

[onth 


Starting  salary 
according  to  my 
agreement  and 
guarantee.Drafts- 
men's  work  is 
pleasant  and 
itable.  Positions  are  open  paying 

0.00  a  year  in  the  best  surroundings, 
are  open  everywhere.  Thousands  of 
are  needed  who  have  just  the  kind  of 
ing  I  will  give  you.  You  can  get  this 
ing  during  spare  time  in  your  own  home. 

".ail  the  Coupon 

my  valuable  book — "Succesful 

tsmanship."  It  explains  how  YOU  can  be- 
,:  a  Successful  Draftsman  in  a  short  'time, 
aook  is  free  at  present,  so  write  AT  ONCE. 


Hi 

|S£§ 

1 

n 

jHawB 

Hi 

on  practical  Drafting- 
room  work  Until  you  are 
competent  and  Until  you 
are  in  a  permanent  posi- 
tion at  a  salary  paying  at 

least  $250  per  month.  This  is  an 
exceptional  opportunity  for  a 
few  selected  ambitious  men,  be- 
tween the  ages  of  16  and  50 
whom  I  will  train  personally. 

SendtheCoupon 

or  a  letter  and  let  me  tell 
you  how  you  can  be- 
come a  Draftsman  in  your 
spare  time  and  earn  a  good 
salary.  Don't  delay  —  send 
the  coupon  at  once. 


I  Guarantee 

To  Instruct  yon  until 
competent  and  In  a 
permanent    p  a  y  1  n  e 

B>sition  at  *  regular 
raftsman's  salary  of 
at  least  $250  per 
month  and  etiarantee 
to  furnish  yon  free 
complete  Drafts- 
man'a  working  outfit 
at  once  from  theatart. 


irn  While  Learning  S 

can  be  earning  a  handsome  in- 

i  while  learning  at  home.  This  is  a  special 
I  am  making.  Absolutely  no  obligations  of 
ind  in  sending  coupon.  But  you  must  write 
ce,  as  I  limit  the  number  of  my  students. 

it  the  FREE  Coupon  at  once 

'm    «a    amm^mmmmm  .—■■■■■- !■■■■■■■   for    my 

■"Successful  Draftsmanship,  "  also  list  of  open 
lis  and  for  the  free  offer  to  be  earning  good  money  at 
■  bile  learning  at  home.  This  offer  is  limited  and  in  order 
(fit  thereby  —  act  at  ones. 

hief  Draftsman  Dobe 

Broadway,   Div.5317       Chicago,  III. 


FREE-this$25^ 
Draftsman's  Working  Outfit 

These  are  regular  working 

instruments,  the  kind  I  use  my- 
self. I  give  them  free  to  you  if  you 
enroll  at  once.   Send  the  Free  Coupon  today. 

wnnnvmiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiii 

Free  Course  Offer  Coupon 


Chief  Draftsman  Dobe 

4001  Broadway,   Div.5317      Chicago 

Without  any  obligation  to  me  please 
mail  your  book,  '  Successful  Drafts- 
manship" and  full  particulars  of  your 
liberal  'Personal  Instruction"  offer 
to  a  few  students.  It  is  understood 
I  am  obligated  in  no  way  whatever. 


Name— 


Address 


BOORS 

lor  gvwiastinp  Cconom^J 
You  Can  Make  More  Money  as  Jones  Did 


Carpenter  Jones  is  only  one 
of  our  many  friends  in  the  trade 
who  makes  e^tra  money  by 
boosting  theuse  of  Oak  Flooring. 

He  turns  his  practical  building 
knowledge  to  advantage.  When 
he  runs  across  an  old,  worn-out 
floor,  he  shows  its  owner  how 
much  he  can  improve  the  prem- 
ises by  putting  in  a  special  % 
inch  thickness  of  Oak  over  the 
old  floor. 

You  can  do  the  same.  It  will 
not   interfere    with   your  work. 


And  will  fill  in  nicely  between 
longer  jobs  to  get  the  laying  of 
such  floors  for  yourself. 

Oak  Floors  are  easy  to  sell. 
Once  an  owner  learns  the  mod- 
erate cost  of  this  special  thick- 
ness he  is  usually  eager  to  have  it. 

Talk  to  your  friends  among 
lumber  dealers.  Or,  write  for  our 
three  booklets,  giving  all  neces- 
sary information  as  to  grades, 
finishes,  stains,  laying,  etc.  The 
booklets  are  mailed  free  on  re- 
quest. 


OAK    FLOORING    ADVERTISING    BUREAU 

1051  Ashland  Block,  Chicago,  III. 


A  Big  Opportunity 

A  waits  the  Weatherstrip   Contractor- A  gent  this  Fall  and  Winter 

The  coal  strike  has  caused  a  great  shortage  of  fuel  and  as 
Winter  draws  near  the  coal  situation  will  become  more  acute. 
Owners  of  buildings  and  homes  will  be  interested  in  any 
equipment  that  will  conserve  coal  and  heat. 

The  Wide  Awake  Man  Will  Reap  a  Harvest 

All  indications  point  to  a  big  year  for  the  Weatherstrip  con- 
tractor-agent. So  here  is  the  opportunity  for  the  man  who 
wants  to  clean  up  big.  Energy  not  capital  is  the  asset  of  the 
weatherstrip  agent.     Very  little  capital  is  required. 

Allmetal  is  the  Architect's  and  Contractor's  Choice 

Allmetal  has  been  on  the  market  for  so  many  years  that  it  is 
very  well  and  most  favorably  known  to  the  trade.  It  is  guar- 
anteed to  give  satisfaction  and  long  life. 

Our  Agents  Earn  $5000  and  Up  Per  Year 

Many  of  our  men  are  enjoying  big  incomes  now  and  all  will  earn  more  money 
this  year  for  there  will  be  a  great  demand  for  weatherstrip. 

Send  for  Our  Co-operative  Selling  Plan 

We  furnish  everything  to  set  you  up  in  business — advertising  literature,  sales 
letters,  estimate  blanks,  etc.  Allmetal  is  easy  to  sell  and  easy  to  install.  You 
become  a  producer  at  once.  Fill  in  and  mail  the  coupon  at  once.  We  will 
send  you  our  plan. 

ALLMETAL  WEATHERSTRIP  COMPANY 

126  West  Kinzie  Street,   Department  C,   Chicago 

MSPfflyy.wW'r  nut  wis—— 


Who  knows  best  how  a  tool  should  be  made  ? 
The  man  who  uses  it,  every  time! 

158  (°?65of)  carpenters  say: 


THE  neck  of  the  Plumb  nail  ham- 
mer is  short.  That's  not  an  ac- 
cident: it  was  suggested  by  good 
mechanics,  who  said,  "Shorten  the  neck 
— get  the  face  close  to  the  weight  in 
the  head." 

Carpenters  known  to  be"fussy"about 
tools — good  workmen  who  must  have 
everything  just  right — 165  of  them  in 
all  parts  of  the  country — were  asked: 
"is  the  shorter  neck  an  advantage? 
Does  it  make  your  work  easier?"  And 
158  replied— emphatically— YES ! 

Better  balance,  larger  striking  face, 
shorter  neck — these  are  just  a  few  of 
the  distinctive  features  of  Plumb  ham- 
mers— features  that  make  old-timers 
like  James  R.  Piercey,  Conway,  Ark., 
say: 

"I  have  worked  at  the  carpenters'  trade  for 
25  years  and  used  all  kinds  of  hammers. 
The  Plumb  is  the  best  proportioned  ham- 
mer I  ever  had  my  hand  on." 

At  your  hardware  dealer'  s —  $1.50 
(except  in  Far  West  and  in  Canada). 
Like  Plumb  hatchets,  axes  and  files, 
"They're  worth  more." 

The  Plumb  Patent  Take-up 
Wedge  retightens  the  handle  with 
a  turn  of  the  screw. 

FAYETTE  R.  PLUMB,  Inc. 

Philadelphia       U.S.A.       St.  Louis 


PLUM 

DOUBLE    LIFE 


•  •The  shorter  neck  of 
the  Plumb  nail  hammer 
gives  better  control 
of  the  face  —  makes  a 
better  balanced    tool.// 


Actual  Size 


Hammers  Hatchets 
Files  Sledges  Axes 


RS  A  R 


N  T 


CK«         AND  Vf    A    =5     3    W    A     3 


Blacky 

Diamond 


or 
satisfaction 


Black  Diamond  lilesnave 
satisfied  the  most  exacting 
users  of  files  since  trie^ 
were  first  made  in  1863. 
Men  who  know  files  prefer 
them  for  their  keenness 
and  durability.  Ready  to 
cut  "wnen^you  buy  them 


G.SHBAKNEfT^. 

PHIIADEI/PHIA,PA^.SA. 


OtP7terf  ana*  Operated  by 

Nicholson  File  company 


PROVIDENCE 


RHODE  ISLAND 


n 


A 


. 

^*>*^»^<i^ 

| 

i 
i 

| 

Get  Rafter  Lengths  and  Cuts 
Quickly  and  Accurately 

There's  no  need  to  do  time- 
wasting  figuring  for  the  lengths 
and  cuts  of  common,  hip.  val- 
ley, jack  or  cripple  rafters  if 
you  use 

Sargent  Framing  Squares 

The  necessary  tables  are  given 
on  the  squares.  They  are  com- 
plete, correct  and  final.  All  you 
do  is  measure  and  read.  There 
is  no  multiplying  or  dividing — 
and  the  result  you  get  is 
absolutely  accurate.  Sar- 
gent Framing  Squares  are 
made  of  time-tried  tool 
steel.  They  come  in  five 
finishes.  Send  for  the  Steel 
Square  Booklet,  which 
gives  full  particulars. 

SARGENT    &   COMPANY 

Hardware   Manufacturers 
55  Water  Street       New  Haven,  Conn. 

Sargent  Framing  Squares 
have  tables  which  afford 
quick   reckonings    on    the 

lengths    and    cuts    of    all 

rafters.  

. .  . 


Handle  is  magazine 
for  drill  points 


Weighs  only 
1%  pounds 


Illustrates  and 
describes  all  the 
ingenious  "Yan- 
kee" Tools  for 
saving  time  and 
labor.  Write  for 
your  copy  today. 

Dealers 


For  rapid  boring  in 
hard  wood  or  light  metal 

"YANKEE"  Ratchet  Hand  Drill  No.  1530 

When  you  have  many  small  holes  to  drill  it  pays 
to  carry  this  powerful  and  efficient  drill — pays  in 
time  saved,  in  labor  saved,  in  accuracy. 

Only  10^  inches  long.  Weighs  only  i£  pounds. 
Yet  it  has  every  ratchet  adjustment  of  the  big  "Yan- 
kee" Drills.  A  finger-touch  on  ratchet  shifter  gives 
you  (i)  Plain  drill,  (2)  Left-hand  Ratchet,  (3) 
Right-hand  Ratchet,  (4)  DOUBLE  RATCHET, 
(5)  Gears  locked  (for  changing  drills).  3-jaw  chuck 
.  holds  drills  up  to  3-16  in. 

In  a  cramped  place  where  you 
cannot  give  crank  a  full  turn,  shift 
to  Double  Ratchet  and  move  crank 
back  and  forth.  Every  move,  no 
matter  how  slight,  advances  the 
drill  in  the  work.  No  drill  but  a 
"Yankee"  can  do  this. 

"YANKEE"   Plain   Screw-drivers 
never    work  loose    in     handles 

A  "Yankee"  device  joins  handles  and 
blades  like  one  piece.  Even  if  yon  clamp 
a  "Yankee"  Plain  Screw-driver  in  a  vise, 
set  a  wrench  on  handle  and  pull  with  all 
your  might,  blade  won't  turn  in  handle. 
Specially  tempered  steel  blades. 

No.  90    Standard  style.    15  sizes,  1% 

in.  to  30  in. 

Cabinet  style.     11  sizes,  2% 

in.  to  15  ^  in. 


No.  95 


Some  other  "YANKEE"  Tools 

Spiral  Screw-driv-  Ratchet  Screw- 
ers  drivers 

Quick-Return  Spir-  Automatic  Push 
al  Screw-drivers  Drills 

everywhere  sell  "YANKEE"  Tools 


tt 


North  Bros.  Mfg.  Co.  ,  Philadelphia 

raNKEE"T00LS 

9hake  Befl&i  Tnechanicto 


When  You  Buy  a  Saw. 

"^TSTHEN  you  buy  a  saw  have  you  ever  noticed 
V  *  that  the  hardware  dealer  is  glad  to  sell  you 
a  Disston? 

He  does  this  because  he  knows  that— 

1)  Disston  Saws  have  successfully  met 
the  greatest  test  for  any  product  — 
hard  service  over  a  period  of  years. 
Disston  Saws  have  been  growing  in 
popularity  for  82  years. 


2)  He  is  selling  you  a  tool  that  will 
give  such  good  service  that  you  will 
buy  at  his  store  when  you  need  tools 
in  the  future. 

Carpenters  find  that  they  can  keep  their  saws 
in  the  best  condition  by  using  Disston  Saw 
Files,  the  Triumph  Saw-Set,  and  the  Disston 
D-3  Saw-Filing  Guide. 

If  you  want  more  information  about 

these  tools,  see  your  dealer 

or  write  to  Desk  I. 

Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Inc., 

Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


mm 


Entered  July  22, 1 91 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1 91 2 

Acceptance  for  mailing  at  sDecial  rate  of  Dostage  provided  for  in   Section  1103,  act  of 
October  3,  1917,  authorized  on  July  8,  1918. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters.  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  America,  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established  in  1881 
Vol.   XLII — No.   10 


INDIANAPOLIS,  OCTOBER,   1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Tear 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


fsmamam 

m    


i 

55 


A  Prayer 

With  all  my  getting,  Lord,  to  you 
I  pray,  grant  Understanding  too, 
That  always  I  may  see  The  Light, 
Nor  deviate  from  paths  of  right; 
That  in  the  hurrying  rush  for  fame 
I  may  have  pluck  to  play  the  game, 
To  cleanly  live,  nor  crawl,  nor  shirk, 
And  know  the  joy  of  honest  work. 

Oh,  may  this  blessing  come  to  me 

To  be  the  man  I  wish  to  be! 

To  help  whenever  help  I  can 

Some   lesser  lucky  fellow-man; 

Nor  ask  reward,  but  this  alone, 

That  You  have  seen,  that  You  have  known; 

That  favored  in  the  world  of  men 

I  stand  not  outcast  in  Your  ken. 

Lord  God  of  Workers,  hear  my  prayer — 

To  play  the  game  and  play.it  fair; 

To  conquer,  win;  but  if  to  lose 

Not  to  revile  nor  to  abuse, 

But,  understanding — start  again. 

Grant  me  this  strength,  O  Lord. — Amen. 

— By  Edmund  Leamy. 


55 


1 

|i 


SHMBaBMHMNMMMMHmMHHMM^^ 


SSSksSSkS 


18 


THE     CARPENTER 


THE  AMERICAN  LEGION 


OMMANDER    MacNider   of 

the  American  Legion  ad- 
dressed the  Forty-second 
Annual  Convention  of  the 
American  Federation  of 
Labor  held  in  Cincinnati, 
O.,  in  June,  1922.     He  said  in  part: 

''I  want  you  to  know  that  we  appre- 
ciate how  you  and  your  International 
Officers  have  stood  behind  us  in  our 
efforts  to  see  that  the  returned  service 
men  are  properly  taken  care  of  by  our 
Government.  Our  respective  Legislative 
Committees  have  worked  in  accord  on 
these  measures  in  which  we  were  mu- 
tually interested. 

"At  our  request  your  representatives 
came  to  us  in  conference  early  this  year 
in  Indianapolis,  when  we  had  two  great 
questions  to  discuss.  On  one  of  them 
we  were  already  agreed:  on  the  other, 
when  we  investigated  and  heard  your 
viewpoint,  we  understood.  It  was  right, 
it  was  American,  we  .guided  ourselves 
accordingly. 

"All  this,  gentlemen,  augurs  well  for 
our  future  relations.  Thousands  and 
thousands  of  your  members  are  Amer- 
ican Legion  men. 

"This  Legion  of  ours  forms  the  com- 
mon ground  for  our  whole  generation. 
We  were  all  thrown  into  this  great  mael- 
strom of  war  together,  to  work,  to  fight, 
and  to  ponder  over  it  all.  We  got  to 
understand  the  other  fellow,  to  under- 
stand his  viewpoint,  we  could  listen  to 
him  and  talk  to  him  and  we  could  un- 
derstand because  we  talked  the  same 
language. 

"One  of  our  National  Vice- Command- 
ers is  George  Berry,  the  President  of  one 
of  your  International  Unions ;  another  is 
a  lawyer  out  on  the  Pacific  Coast,  an- 
other is  an  enlisted  man  in  the  United 
States,  another  a  doctor  up  in  Vermont, 
another  a  hotel  man  in  New  England, 
and  I  am  a  small-town  country  banker 
from  out  in  Iowa.  That  gives  you  an 
idea  of  this  Legion.  Night  before  last  I 
went  to  a  Legion  banquet.  The  other 
speakers  were  Hogan,  Cohen  and  Father 
Hoffman,  and  the  Post  Commander  who 
introduced  us,  his  name  was  Clancy — 
and  in  addition  to  his  other  duties  I 
found  out  during  the  evening  that  he 
was  President  of  a  Local  Fnion.  No 
generation  of  America,  gentlemen,  has 
ever  had  such  an  opportunity  for  under- 
standing   as    we    have  before    us.      We 


must  make  this  common  understanding 
a  great  national  asset. 

"You  all  know  of  the  tremendous  in- 
fluence of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Re- 
public and  the  United  Confederate  Vet- 
erans, yet  ten  years  after  the  Civil  War 
the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  only 
had  20,000  members,  and  here  we  are  in 
the  Legion  with  the  whole  United  States, 
only  three  years  after  our  world  war 
with  over  a  million  in  membership.  We 
cannot  help  through  the  coming  years 
but  wield  a  tremendous  influence  upon 
our  national  existence,  and  it  must  be 
our  duty  to  see  that  this  Legion  of  ours 
stays  fair,  tolerant,  clean,  straight  and 
American — and  that  is  our  ambition. 

"The  American  Federation  of  Labor 
and  the  American  Legion  both  have  as 
common  enemies  those  who  seek  to  tear 
down  the  lawful  integrity  of  our  nation. 
There  is  a  way  provided  by  the  Consti- 
tution of  the  United  States  to  make  such 
changes  as  we  think  are  necessary — 
the  ballot. 

"Don't  misunderstand  me,  gentlemen, 
the  American  Legion  has  not,  never  has 
been,  and  I  hope  never  will  be  in  poli- 
tics, but  we  are  going  to  do  this:  to  see 
that  this  country  stays  as  we  worked 
and  fought  that  it  should  stay — Ameri- 
can. That  is  the  big,  basic  purpose  of 
this  Legion  of  ours. 

"No  real  American  denies  the  right  of 
labor  to  organize  for  the  betterment  and 
protection  of  its  members.  That  is  ex- 
actly why  the  American  Legion  was  or- 
ganized— for  the  returned  service  men — 
that,  and  for  continued  service  to  their 
country  in  peace  as  well  as  in  war,  and 
the  first  thing  on  our  program  is  to  see 
that  these  men  who  came  back  here 
blind,  maimed,  broken  in  health  and 
body,  and  who  have  got  tolive  through 
the  war  forever  in  the  hospitals  and 
homes,  get  a  square  deal  from  the  coun- 
try they  fought  for. 

"You  have  stood  with  us  on  that,  and 
we  appreciate  it.  and  I  want  you  to  know 
that  every  bit  of  legislation  now  in  ef- 
fect for  the  disabled  man  who  not  only 
written  and  pushed,  but  put  through 
Congress  by  the  American  Legion  and 
the  American  Legion  alone.  If  we  had 
not  organized  ourselves  with  a  member- 
ship that  gave  us  power  and  prestige, 
that  made  them  listen  to  us,  we  would 
still  have  the  same  disgraceful  condi- 
tion we  had  two  years  ago.     You  know 


THE    CARPENTER 


19 


of  our  battle  for  compensation  for  those 
men  who  served  with  the  colors;  you 
indorsed  our  stand  in  that  battle  and  we 
appreciate  it. 

"I  am  not  going  into  the  varied  work 
that  all  our  eleven  thousand  posts  are 
trying  to  do.  We  believe  our  interna- 
tional organization  of  veterans  will  do 
more  than  all  the  international  confer- 
ences for  agreements  to  prevent  war, 
but  I  do  want  you  to  have  faith  in  these 
men  that  make  up  the  American  Legion. 
Those  of  us  who  had  the  privilege  of 
serving  overseas — and  when  I  say  that 
I  bear  no  slight  to  the  men  who  did  not 
get  over,  for  with  us  it  is  the  spirit  that 
put  the  man  into  his  country's  service 
that  counts,  and  not  the  circumstances 
that  followed  his  enlistment — but  those 
of  us  who  had  the  opportunity  of  seeing 
this  average  American  boy  of  yours  un- 
der battle  pressure  came  home  with  a 
finer  appreciation  and  a  deeper  feeling 
of  what  it  meant  to  be  an  American 
citizen.  Your  neighbor's  boy,  those  ap- 
prentices of  yours,  the  men  who  work 
for  you,  the  men  you  pass  every  day 
on  the  street  without  giving  a  second 
thought  to  them — they  turned  out  under 
battle  pressure  and  adversity  to  be  as 
splendid  heroes  as-  the  world  has  ever 
known.  I  could  give  you  thousands  of 
examples  of  their  exploits,  battle  torn 
and  shocked,  with  their  faculties  almost 
beyond  use,  and  yet  they  would  come 
staggering  up  trying  to  bring  food  and 
munitions  to  their  buddies  —  men  who 
would  run  out  almost  into  the  face  of 
certain  death,  into  machine  gun  fire  to 
rescue  men  they  never  saw  before  in 
their  lives,  men  wounded  who  would 
give  their  gas  masks  to  men  more  ser- 
iously wounded  than  they,  who  would 
lie  down  and  choke  to  death,  trying  to 
do  their  part. 

"And  .that,   in  the  great  majority,  is 


the  type  that  makes  up  the  American 
Legion,  and  you  can  have  faith  in  him. 
The  individual  membership  perhaps  of 
any  one  of  us  in  any  of  our  organiza- 
tions may  not  seem  to  amount  to  much, 
but  when  it  is  multiplied  many  more 
times  by  all  our  membership  it  becomes 
a  tremendous  force  in  America. 

"We  have  an  old  story  in  the  Legion 
of  the  little  Second  Lieutenant  who  was 
suddenly  given  command  of  a  big,  tough, 
hard-boiled  looking  company,  and  he 
stepped  out  scared  to  death  and  got 
ready  to  give  a  big  command,  and  some 
buck  in  the  rear  rank  piped  up  and  said : 
'And  a  little  child  shall  lead  them.'  And 
he  said :  'The  man  that  said  that  will 
step  forward  two  paces  to  the  front.' 
And  the  whole  company  stepped  two 
paces  to  the  front.  And  he  tried  it  again 
and  the  same  thing  happened,  and  final- 
ly he  wilted  down  and  said:  'Company 
dismissed.'  But  fifteen  minutes  later 
there  was  posted  on  the  bulletin  board 
this  notice:  'This  company  will  report 
under  heavy  marching  orders  at  3 :00 
P.  M.,'  and  underneath  that  it  said : 
'And  a  little  child  shall  lead  them;"  and 
underneath  that  it  said:  'On  a  damned 
big  horse.' 

"That  is  what  we  are  on,  gentlemen, 
an  awful  big  horse;  our  Legion  is  a  big 
horse  and  we  have  got  to  keep  it  big 
and  strong  and  fine  and  fair  and  toler- 
ant, that  it  may  carry  all  the  service 
men's  problems,  the  problems  of  the  dis- 
abled man  through  the  coming  year  and 
make  each  one  of  our  posts  an  asset  for 
good  in  your  community.  The  Legion 
knows  no  set,  no  creed,  no  class,  no  dis- 
tinction of  any  kind,  except  between 
constructive  and  destructive  Americans. 

"You  can't  beat  an  organization  with 
a  spirit  like  that.  It  is  all  for  one,  one 
for  all,  and  all  for  the  best  in  our 
country." 


THE  FUTURE  OF 

(By  J.  B. 

O  be  quite  plain  at  the  very 
outset,  it  seems  evident 
that  Organized  Labor  in 
its  present  form  is  but  a 
transient  stage  in  the 
economic  development  of 
society.  It  is  fated  to  give  place  to  a 
newer  industrial  organization  that  will 
not  only  be  different,  but  will  offer  a 
more  efficient  remedy  for  social  ills  and 
mete  out  fuller  justice  to  the  woi-ker  by 
giving    him    his    rightful    share    in    the 


ORGANIZED  LABOR 

Culemans.) 

wealth  he  helps  to  create. 

Organized  Labor  has  rendered  ines- 
timable service  to  the  workers  of  the 
world.  Until  it  came  in  the  field,  they 
were  wage  slaves  indeed,  absolutely  de- 
pendent upon  the  greed  and  caprice  of 
the  employer.  They  had  no  redress  for 
their  grievances,  no  recourse  in  their 
troubles  and  risks  to  life  and  limb  en- 
tailed by  the  hazards  of  their  occupation 
and  the  introduction  of  new  machinery. 
Organization  made  the  workers   consci- 


20 


THE    CARPENTER 


ous  of  their  place  and  their  power  in 
society.  It  brought  about  the  installa- 
tion of  safety  devices  in  shops  and  mines 
and  on  railroads.  It  contended,  truly, 
that  the  laborer  should  not  be  thrown 
upon  public  charity  when  in  distress,  and 
through  legislation  it  secured  compensa- 
tion for  injury,  disability  and  accidental 
death.  In  some  countries  old-age  pen- 
sions have  been  secured  through  irs  in- 
strumentality. It  has  made  a  start  on 
minimum-wage  legislation.  It  has  made 
the  worker  more  independent  of 
power,  and  through  collective  bar- 
gaining secured  for  him  the  higher 
wages  and  the  greater  degree  of  ma- 
terial comfort  that  were  due  him  in  all 
justice.  These  and  other  benefits  have 
secured  for  Organized  Labor  a  high  place 
in  the  estimation  and  the  affection  of  its 
members,  and  of  all  who  have  the  wel- 
fare of  the  toiling  masses  at  heart. 

Yet.  withal,  this  is  a  one-sided  view 
of  the  labor  problem.  The  fact  remains 
that  the  majority  of  the  workers,  even  of 
the  skilled  workers,  are  not  organized. 
Those,  together  with  the  vast  number  of 
unskilled  laborers,  are  as  powerless  as 
ever.  They  are  at  the  mercy  of  employ- 
ers and  of  fluctuating  economic  condi- 
tions. 

The  real  future  of  organized  labor  lies 
in  a  broadening  of  views,  in  a  strong 
persistent  widespread  movement  of  edu- 
cation among  all  laborers,  whether 
unionized  or  not.  Just  now  when  the 
capitalist  fight  for  an  open  shop  is  on 
in  good  earnest  all  over  the  country 
with  the  view  of  rendering  organized 
labor  impotent,  capitalist  writers  seize 
with  avidity  upon  the  few  examples  of 
business  concerns  that  have  reorganized 
on  a  profit-sharing  basis.  Their  policy 
is  extolled,  not  because  it  meets  with 
the  approval  of  capitalism :  for  most  cap- 


italists are  absolutely  unwilling  to  re- 
organize their  business  on  this  plane. 
And  they  know  besides  that  labor  is 
not  prepared  to  take  its  share  in  the 
management  of  large  concerns.  But 
profit  sharing  ventures  are  lauded  mere- 
ly because  to  the  capitalist  they  mean 
a  breaking  away  from  union  labor  as 
it  now  exists.  If  the  profit  sharing  plan 
makes  serious  headway,  capitalism  may 
endeavor  with  all  its  might  to  throttle 
the  movement.  It  may  even  succeed  for 
a  time  at  least  in  doing  so. 

It  is  well-nigh  unthinkable  that  the 
most  progressive  and  far-seeing  among 
labor  leaders  should  not  broaden  the 
scope  of  their  activities  and  give  the 
rank  and  file  of  labor  the  larger  edu- 
cational opportunities  of  which  they 
have  been  deprived  thus  far.  Let  it  be 
stated  again  that  the  labor  problem  is 
not  a  problem  of  wages  only.  As  the 
years  go  on.  it  may  become  less  and  less 
a  problem  of  wages.  It  will  become 
more  and  more  a  problem  of  preventing 
strikes,  of  lessening  unemployment,  of 
regulating  and  stabilizing  supply  and 
demand.  And  these  problems  will  take 
on  much  more  of  an  international  aspect. 
The  worker  is  a  power  because  of  his 
numbers.  He  is  very  inefficient  power 
because  he  lacks  a  thorough  grip  on  the 
fundamental  questions  that  effect  him, 
because  of  his  unfamiliarity  with  the 
multifarious  aspects  of  modern  business 
conducted  on  an  enormous  scale.  What 
the  toilers  stand  in  need  of  most  today, 
is  education.  Oreganized  labor  has  the 
means  and  the  opportunity  to  prepare 
for  the  future.  Will  it  be  far-sighted 
enough  to  get  out  of  the  old  rut  and 
pioneer  the  way.  Or  will  it  close  its 
eyes  to  changing  conditions  and  become 
fossilized? 


BLESSED   BE 

(By  A.  J.  M 
M  E  have  heard  much  and 
talked  much  during  the 
last  few  years  of  the  ''un- 
rest" that  is  in  the  world. 
Nearly  all  we  have  heard 
and  nearly  all  of  our  talk 
has  been  of  efforts,  both  theoretical,  to 
discover  some  of  the  causes  and  per- 
chance to  find  a  cure  or  at  least  a  tem- 
porary  palliative. 

Especially  has  attention  been  given 
to  the  "unrest"  manifest  in  the  world 
of  industry — not,  we  regret  to  say,  be- 


DISCONTENT 

endenhall.) 

cause  in  that  field  there  is  more  of  hu- 
man consideration  and  brotherly  love, 
but  because  the  prevalence  of  industrial 
unrest    interferes    with    "business." 

"Unrest"  has  usually  been  regarded 
as  a  disease  of  the  social  mind  and  body, 
caused  by  manevolent  germs  which  must 
be  stamped  out  in  order  that  society  may 
function  normally  and  healthfully.  So 
that  various  serums,  mostly  quack,  have 
been  injected  into  the  social  organism  in 
attempts  to  kill  the  germs  of  discontent 
without  at  the  same  time  destroying  the 


THE     CARPENTER 


21 


healthy  tissues  which  compose  the  body 
politic.  Even  some  minor  and  occasion- 
illy  major  surgical  operations  have  been 
tried,  these  ordinarily  leaving  the  pa- 
tient in  worse  condition  than  before  and 
possibly  bereft  of  certain  useful  or  nec- 
Rary  internal  organs.  Like  the  sur- 
geon who  fails  to  keej  his  own  hands  and 
!iis  instruments  clean,  the  economic  doc- 
tors have  often  inoculated  the  patient 
ivith  germs  more  dangerous  to  the  gen- 
?ral  health  than  the  original  disease. 

It  seems  strange  that  so  few  students 
)f  social  economy  have  come  to  realize 
l:hat  the  ''unrest"  which  disturbs  the 
world  today  is  perfectly  normal,  that  it 
[s  a  symptom  of  health  and  political 
growth. 

Discontent,  disatisfaction  with  things 
as,  they  are,  is  the  magic  which,  if  al- 
|  owed  to  work  out  under  proper  con- 
ditions, changes  them  for  the  better.  It 
;  s  the  potent  exciting  agent  in  man 
Lvhich  spurs  onward  human  development 
Imd  advancement. 

Had  man  been  content  with  the  ox- 
5art,  he  never  would  have  invented  the 
•ailway  and  the  automobile.  Had  he 
)een  content  with  the  spade  and  the 
Uail,  modern  farm  machinery  would 
lever  have  been  contrived.  Had  he  been 
.•ontent  with  horse  power,  with  tallow 
handles,  there  would  be  no  steam  engine, 
10  electric  light.  Had  man  been  con- 
ent  with  his  condition  and  his  surround- 
ings in  the  stone  age,  when  with  rude 
veapons  and  tools  of  flint  he  fought  for 
i  barbarous  existence,  we  today  would 
)e  living  in  the  stone  age.  We  may 
magine  the  alarm  with  which  some  pre- 
listoric  tribal  chief  regarded  the  "un- 
rest" among  his  people  as  the  primal 
notive  force  underlying  discontent  urged 
hem  onward  and  upward  on  the  long 
:edious  path  of  human  evolution.  He 
)robably   handled   the   situation   just  as 


some  employers  do  today — went  out  and 
gathered  together  a  gang  of  strike- 
breakers and  put  them  on  the  job  of 
restoring   "normalcy." 

Suppressed,  this  awakened  energy  of 
discontent  sometimes  finds  expression 
in  violent  or  abnormal  outbreaks,  as  law- 
lessness or  riot.  In  industry  its  sup- 
pression makes_the  conditions  for  lock- 
outs or  strikes.  Thwarted  or  hindered 
by  men  too  short-sighted  to  see  its  age- 
old  purpose,  it  is  driven  along  lines  of 
unhealthy  growth  that  react  upon  so- 
ciety in  the  conditions  of  poverty  and 
crime  which   curse   civilization. 

In  this  twentieth  century  the  insistent 
urge  of  discontent  is  shown  in  a  world- 
wide "unrest,"  political,  industrial,  soc- 
ial. The  whole  fabric  of  humanity 
seems  to  be  permeated  with  di  -content 
with  things  as  they  are.  Few  know  just 
what  it  is  they  are  seeking.  All  feel  that 
something  better  must  come.  Some- 
thing better  not  only  in  material  things, 
but  in  the  basis  of  relationship  between 
men  them  elves.  The  spirit  of  democ- 
racy, of  human  brotherhood,  is  seething 
beneath  the  surface,  trying  to  find  amid 
the  chaos  of  man's  general  ignorance 
practical  means  to  bring  him  to  realiza- 
tion of  one  of  the  most  fundamental  laws 
of  life.     - 

Nowhere  is  this  urge  of  discontent 
more  prevalent  than  in  the  realm  of  in- 
dustry, and,  in  spite  of  the  reactionary 
influence  of  men  who  from  inertia  or 
for  selfish  personal  reasons  are  satisfied 
with  things  as  they  are,  nowhere  is  there 
such  promising  opportunity  to  satisfy 
and  use  the  forces  that  under! y  "unrest" 
in   a   more   constructive    development. 

Discontent  plus  intelligence  forces 
men  to  think,  and  intelligent  men  who 
think  are  impelled  to  act  for  the  better- 
ment of  conditions.  Therefore,  blessed 
be   discontent. 


CONDITIONS  IN  CANADA 

(Address   of  Fraternal  Delegate   E.   Robinson   From   Canada   To   the  Forty-second 

Annual  Convention  of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 

At  Cincinnati,  O.,  June,  1922. 


HERE  are  many  ways  in 
which  the  amalgamation 
of  the  working  clas  3  can 
be  achieved.  It  would  ill 
become  me  to  try  to  go 
through  all  of  that,  '  but 
here  are  three  things  I  want  to  speak 
'ery  briefly  upon.  First  of  all,  I  think 
he   time   has    come   when    the   working- 


class  should  take  a  greater  control  of 
the  productive  and  distributing  agencies 
of  our  country.  Too  long  these  things 
have  been  in  the  hands  of  the  capitalist 
class,  and  whilst  we  have  been  work- 
ing for  wages,  whilst  we  have  been  using 
our  organizations  to  improve  our  condi- 
tions, we  have  not  given  enough  thought 
to  the  purchasing  power  of  those  wages. 


THE    CARPENTER 


And  whilst  we  may  have  raised  our 
wages,  so  far  as  dollars  and  cents  are 
concerned,  the  very  fact  that  the  pro- 
ducing and  distributing  agencies  of  the 
needs  of  life  have  been  in  the  hands  of 
the  capitalist  class  has  nullified  to  a 
very  large  extent  the  wages  we  have 
been  receiving.  In  Great  Britain  they 
have  taken  up  the  Rochdale  co-operative 
system.  I  am  not  saying  that  it  is  the 
best  system  for  this  country,  but  it  is 
based  upon  a  principle,  the  principle  that 
there  shall  be  a  combination  of  the  work- 
ing class  in  controlling  the  producing 
and  distributing  of  their  food  and  other 
goods.  And  I  want  to  say,  too,  that 
whether  America  takes  hold  of  the  Roch- 
dale plan  or  not,  the  time  is  now  when 
we  must  realize  to  the  utmost  the  neces- 
sity of  taking  under  our  wing  the  pro- 
ducing and  distributing  agencies  and 
getting  those  things  for  the  benefit  of 
the  working  class. 

I  remember  listening  to  a  very  elo- 
quent address  given  by  the  delegate 
from  the  British  Trades  Union  Congress 
to  our  Congress  in  Canada  last  Septem- 
ber, referring  to  the  remarkable  things 
that  had  been  done  in  connection  with 
the  British  miners'  strike.  He  said  the 
miners  lost  a  great  deal  by  that  strike, 
but  that  if  it  had  not  been  for  the  Co- 
operative Society  of  Great  Britain  those 
miners  would  have  been  driven  back  to 
their  work  weeks  and  weeks  before  they 
were,  because  you  know  and  I  know  that 
starvation  is  the  greatest  strike-breaker 
we  have,  and  they  would  have  been 
driven  back  under  the  bosses'  terms ; 
but  when  everything  else  failed  the  Co- 
operative Society  came  to  their  aid  by 
giving  them  food  and  goods  and  money 


that  enabled  the  spirit  of  the  miners  to 
be  revived,  and  the  fight  was  carried 
on  to  the  very  last  moment.  I  know 
the  seed  has  been  sown  in  America,  and 
I  want  to  impress  upon  you  the  necessity 
of  expanding  the  '  agencies  already 
started. 

I  plead  for  a  greater  expression  of 
real  internationalism.  I  am  not  going 
to  say  we  have  not  a  real  international- 
ism, for  we  are  here  in  the  name  of  the 
International  Labor  Movement. 

I  believe  that  the  greater  expression} 
of  internationalism  will  make  for  a  bet- 
ter   understanding    of   the   international 
views  on  various  subjects.     "We  miscon- 
ceive  things  because  we  do  not  know.  ( 
If  we  could  see  from  the  angle  of  the 
other  fellow  we  would  see  things  in  a 
different  fight  many  times.     That  tales 
place  in  our  negotiations   between  cap-  j 
ital    and    labor.      How    much    more    so,  j 
then,  in  our  relations  with  the  workers 
of  other  countries.     We  look  at  Britain 
and  say  that  such  things  ought  to  be,  01 
that  such  things  ought  not  to  be,  and  w^ 
do  not  know,  because  we  never  see  them 
in  the  light,  the  British  see  them.     Ii; 
we  can  get  a  closer  affiliation  so  far  as 
our  international  relations  go  these  mis- 
understandings  on  these   great  subjects 
will  disappear. 

The  day  in  which  we  live  has  beerf 
determined  by  the  yesterdays  that  are 
past,  but  the  tomorrows  we  will  have 
to  live  through  will  be  largely  deter- 
mined by  what  we  do  today.  May  1 
plead,  then,  for  a  greater  coming  to- 
gether of  men  of  all  colors,  of  all  races,- 
of  all  nationalities  upon  the  great  prin- 
ciple of  internationalism. 


HOW  TO  INSPIRE  LABOR 

(By  Herbert  E.  Atkins.) 


E  all  know  how  essential  it 
is  that  the  labor  element 
in  a  shop  or  factory  be 
tuned  to  a  high  degree  of 
efficiency  in  order  that  a 
business  may  be  conduct- 
ed to  the  satisfaction  of  customers  and 
owners — the  satisfaction  of  owners  not 
only  being  the  result  of  profit  making 
and  business  development,  but  also  an 
outgrowth  of  the  contentment  resulting 
from  a  really  friendly,  one  might  almost 
say  chummy,  relationship  with  the  em- 
ployes. 


The  day  is  past  when  the  average  em- 
ployer can  secure  results,  and  at  the: 
same  time  enjoy  life,  by  holding  a  club 
over  the  heads  of  the  workers,  thus 
through  fear  attempting  to  force  then. 
to  the  limit  of  then-  possibilities. 

It  is  now  recogniezd  that  mutual  con- 
fidence and  esteem  is  the  only  way  in 
which  the  best  can  be  obtained.  This 
is  a  very  self-evielent  fact,  and  yet  is 
often  overlooked  by  both  employer  and 
workman. 

I  have  often  noticed  an  antagonism 
between    labor    and    capital    which    in 


THE    CARPENTER 


23 


nany  cases  has  been  entirely  due  to 
^understanding.  This  antagonism, 
>qually  evident  on  both  sides,  can  in 
linety-nine  cases  out  of  one  hundred  be 
ibsolutely  eliminated  by  an  adoption  of 
•he'  right  kind  of  relationship  between 
he  parties. 

"Oh,  yes,"  says  an  employei',  "I  have 
ried  out  a  scheme  of  soft-soaping  my 
nen  in  order  to  get  a  maximum  of  effort 
roni  them,  and  it  proved  a  failure."  The 
tnly  reply  to  such  a  statement  is  that  he 
las  given  the  reason  for  non-success.  He 
oddled  his  men  for  a  definite  purpose, 
.part  from  good-fellowship,  and  the 
aen,  recognizing  his  only  object,  did  not 
espond. 

On  the  other  hand,  I  have  known  em- 
ployers to  go  to  the  opposite  extreme, 
nd  when  the  employes  have  suggested 

conference  to  talk  matters  over  have 
emarked  to  this  effect.  "I  will  see  them 
a  hell  first."  The  bitterness  and  an- 
mosity  which  caused  this  remark  is  not 
maginaiy,  but  has  actually  come  within 
ay  experience.  It  can  readily  be  seen, 
lowever,  that  such  an  attitude  cannot, 
ven  if  the  employe  is  compelled  to  work 
or  an  employer  of  that  stamp,  be  pro- 
luctive  of  earnest  and  enthusiastic 
ffort. 

Is  it  not  a  fact  that,  when  a  firm  is 

all  and  there  is  close  contact  between 
he  firm  members  and  employes,  a  niax- 
muni  of  effort  is  often  put  forth? 

Unfortunately,  it  often  happens  that 
s  the  business  develops  in  size,  the  firm 
aembers  begin  to  imagine  that  they 
ave  more  important  matters  to  take  up 
heir  time  than  maintaining  friendly  re- 
ations  with  their  employes.  What  is 
he  result?     The  men  lose  contact,  and 

stead  of  remaining  a  good  fellow,  to 
e  assisted  as  much  as  possible,  the  em- 
loyer  becomes  something  apart  and  be- 
ond  them.  The  human  relationship  be- 
omes   extinct  and   is   substituted   by   a 

echanical  and  an  uninteresting  con- 
ition.  The  employes  become  goods  and 
hattels  and  the  employer  a  part  of  a 
ysteni  of  things  in  which  the  employes 
ave  no  interest  apart  from  the  weekly 
alary  standpoint. 

There  are  three  essential  conditions 
chich  should  be  maintained,  no  matter 

ow  large  a  firm  may  become: 

First.  The  employer  should  cultivate 
he  friendliness  of  his  staff  and  consider 
heir  attitude  in  regard  to  him,  as  an 
adividual,  of  as  much  importance  as  the 
ultivation  of  a  proper  relationship  with 


business  prospects.  Considerable  time 
is  spent  in  association  with  others, 
through  the  mediums  of  clubs  and  other- 
wise, for  the  purpose  of  influencing 
business,  but  very  little  time,  if  any,  is 
considered  necessary  to  cultivate  the 
right  kind  of  co-operative  spirit  in  the 
production  end  of  the  business. 

Second.  Care  should  be  exercised  in 
the  selection  of  a  superintendent  or  fore- 
man who  will  represent  the  firm  and  in 
whom  absolute  confidence  is  placed  by 
employer  and  employed.  He  should  not 
be  expected  to  agree  with  both  parties 
in  all  matters,  but,  generally  speaking, 
he  should  be  governed  by  acceptable 
principles.  If  he  is  a  man  of  initiative, 
ability  and  a  leader  of  men,  he  will  make 
a  good  connecting  link  even  if  his  views 
are  not  quite  in  accord  with  the  employ- 
er and  employed  in  every  detail.  Very 
few  men  think  and  act  alike  in  detail, 
but  if  the  superintendent  has  initiative 
and  ability,  he  will  not  be  a  mere  figure- 
head. He  will  always  be  using  his 
ability'  and  experience  in  planning  how 
best  he  can  increase  the  good-will  be- 
tween both  parties. 

Third.  The  employer  should  meet  his 
workers  in  a  social  way  at  least  once  a 
month  and  matters  in  dispute  be  dis- 
cussed, new  ideas  considered  and  the 
jolly  good-fellow  spirit  strengthened. 

The  failure  which  often  comes  as  the 
result  of  an  effort  to  be  sociable  and 
friendly  is  almost  inevitably  the  outcome 
of  an  attempt  to  substitute  that  kind  of 
relationship  for  good  wages  and  working 
conditions.  The  attempt  has  been  based 
on  hypocrisy  and  therefore  doomed.  My 
knowledge  of  human  nature  and  twen- 
ty-seven years'  experience  as  employer 
and  employed  has  convinced  me  that 
the  average  man  will  respond  to  an  hon- 
est desire  for  his  good-will. 

This  getting  together  of  employer  and 
employed  simplifies  management  and 
makes  a  pleasant  and  consultative  pol- 
icy. Many  hands  make  work  light,  and 
many  minds,  for  betterment.  It  is  dif- 
ficult to  appreciate  suggestions  and  so- 
called  interference  by  our  enemies.  It 
is  a  different  proposition  when  friends 
get  together.  In  the  latter  case  the 
directing  influence  of  the  management 
is  recognized  and  strengthened.  It 
seems  to  me  that  strikes  and  lockouts, 
disagreements  and  unpleasantness  are 
altogether  uncalled  for  and  are  largely 
the  result  of  an  overbearing  disposition 
and  greed. 


24 


THE     CARPENTER 


HAS  MAN  RIGHT  TO  WORK  WHEN  AND  WHERE  HE  PLEASES? 


CLAIMING  that  the  strike- 
breaker is  an  enemy  of  his 
kind  and  traitor  to  his 
class,  the  "Labor  World" 
of  Duluth  and  Superior,  in 
an  able  article,  recently- 
said: 

"Has  a  workman  the  moral  right  to 
work  'how,  when  and  where  he  pleases,' 
even  to  becoming  a  strike-breaker? 

"That  right  to  individual  freedom  of 
action  in  the  greater  number  of  ways  is 
perhaps  the  most  precious  product  of 
civilization.  In  the  degree  that  this 
freedom  is  assured  and  individual  initia- 
tive permitted,  social  progress  is  stim- 
ulated. In  brief,  the  entire  advance  of 
the  masses  from  serfdom  and  feudal 
bondage  to  the  sovereign  citizenship  of 
our  own  time  has  been  throough  the  in- 
crease of  the  liberty  of  the  individual  in 
matters  political,  religious  and  economic. 
"It  must  not  be  assumed  that  trade- 
unionists  seek  to  curtail  the  absolute 
legal  rights  of  men  to  work  how,  when 
and  where  they  please.  Whatsoever  un- 
duly coercive  measures  irresponsible  and 
injudicious  men  have  sometimes  resort- 
ed to  in  times  of  industrial  trouble, 
trade-unions  are  prepared  to  grant  and 
respect  the  legality  of  the  acts  of  non- 
unionists  in  breaking  that  command- 
ment in  the  labor  decalogue  which  says : 
'Thou  shalt  not  steal — thy  neighbor's 
job.' 

"The  contention  of  the  trade-unionist 
himself  is,  that  he  has  the  legal  right 
to  sell  his  labor  how,  when  and  where  he 
pleases,  for  this  carries  with  it  the  legal 
right  to  refuse  to  sell  his  labor  excepting 
under  conditions  approved  of  by  him. 
Thus,  if  it  should  be  assumed  that  the 
individual  workman  has  legally  no 
choice  in  the  disposition  of  his  labor, 
an  involuntary  servitude  would  be  estab- 
lished, which  would  effectively  debar  the 
union  man  from  refusing  to  work  with 
unfair  men. 

"A  man  may  do  many  harmful  and 
unjust  things  and  still  be  within  the 
law.  The  Shylock  who  forecloses  a 
mortgage  or  evicts  a  widow  and  or- 
phans from  their  little  home  is  within 
the  law.  The  merchant  who  bankrupts 
a  smaller  competitor  by  underselling 
him,  is  within  the  law.  The  trust  which 
freeze  out  the  smaller  dealer  is  within 
the  law.  The  magnate  who  controls  the 
oil  market  and  raises  the  prices  of  the 
poor    man's    light,    is    within    the    law. 


Hundreds  of  instances  are  familiar  tc 
us,  all  of  which  conclusively  prove  thai 
legality  and  justice  are  by  no  means 
synonymous  terms.  Hence,  it  is  ap- 
parent that  an  individual  wage  earnei 
may  be  acting  legally,  and  yet  be  pur- 
suing a  policy  which  is  seriously  harm- 
ful to  the  interests  of  other  workmen. 

"To  say  that  the  non-unionist  has 
the  moral  right  to  work  how,  when,  oi 
where  he  pleases  is,  of  course,  the  saint 
thing  as  saying  that  he  has  the  mora 
right,  if  he  pleases,  entirely  apart  fron 
extenuating  circumstances,  to  become  i 
strikebreaker,  an  active  agent  working 
against  his  fellow-craftsman,  a  traitor  tc 
his  class  and  kind. 

"If  there  be  those  so  abnormally  con- 
stituted as  to  feel  they  serve  conscience 
best  by  serving  their  fellow-men  least 
then  the  trade-unionist  can  only  absolve; 
them  from  responsibility  and  leave  then: 
free  to  put  on  the  halo  constructed  for 
them  by  that  most  eminent  personage! 
who  has  designated  the  scab  as  the  besi 
type  of  modern  hero. 

"But  it  will  hardly  be  asserted,  ever 
by  the  opposition,  that  men  are  seriously  j 
lacerated  in  conscience  by  refraining 
from  taking  the  jobs  of  men  on  strike 
The  motive  which  leads  them  to  do  this 
may  come  from  need,  from  desire  foi 
promotion,  from  motives  of  revenge,  bul 
scarcely  from  conscientiousness.  The 
very  personnel  of  professional  strike- 
breakers is  such  as  to  render  ludicrous 
and  even  grotesque  the  assertion  thai 
they  are  at  all  afflicted  by  conscientious 
scruples.  If  they  have  consciences  at  all 
the  article  is  so  minute  as  to  be  invisible 
to  the  average  eye. 

"If  there  be  a  sound  principle  in  dem- 
ocracy, in  government  by  majority,  if  a 
majority  of  a  craft  decide  that  it  is  foi 
their  interest  to  refuse  to  work  undei 
certain  conditions,  why  does  not  the 
presumption  hold  good  that  the  majority 
is  right  there  as  elsewhere? 

The  strikebreaker  occupies  in  the  in- 
dustrial world  a  position  precisely  an- 
alogous to  that  of  the  renegade  and 
traitor.  He  represents  a  type  of  man 
universally  condemned  in  any  other 
sphere  of  human  activity.  He  sells  him- 
self for  less  than  the  thirty  pieces  of 
silver,  but  too  often  lacks  the  grace 
which  caused  Iscariot  to  go  and  hang 
himself.  He  commits  the  unpardonable 
sin  of  betraying  his  fellows.  He  pur- 
loins that  to  which  he  has  no  claim  and 


THE    CARPENTER 


25 


is  the  one  stumbling  block  in  the  path 
of  the  onward  advance  of  the  wage- 
earner.  The  attempt  to  make  him  re- 
spectable reflects  discredit  upon  those 
engaged  in  it. 

"How  does  the  act  of  the  strikebreaker 
square  him  with  the  sublime  injunction. 
'Do  unto  others  as  ye  would  have  them 
do  unto  you?'  By  what  tortutous  logic 
can  it  be  asserted  that  the  man  who, 
from  selfish  personal  interest,  seeks  to 
profit  by  the  industrial  difficulties  of  his 
fellowmen,  is  acting  in  accordance  with 
the  Golden  Rule? 

There  are  simetimes,  but  rarely,  ex- 
tenuating circumstances  under  which  the 
strike-breaker  acts.  He  may  be  driven 
by  want — but  this  seldom  happens,  for, 
at  least  when  labor  is  organized,  those 
who  are  in  real  need  are  provided  with 
the  necessities  of  life  from  the  union 
funds.  He  may,  sometimes,  be  actuated 
by  a  feeling  of  friendship  for  an  em- 
ployer. But  the  strike-breaker,  pure  and 
simple,  the  non-union  man  who  em- 
braces the  opportunity  of  taking  jobs 
which  his  fellow-craftsmen  have  for- 
saken on  principle,  is  actuated  by  no 
such  motive,  but  by  unadulterated  self- 
ishness. 

"He  sets  up  his  desire  for  individual 
advancement  as  of  more  power  and  in- 
fluence in  determining  his  course  of  ac- 
tion than  the  welfare  of  his  kind.  He 
permits  himself  to  be  used  as  a  club  to 
strike  clown  the  aspirations  of  labor.  He 
contributes  the  one  great  impediment  to 
the  success  of  the  principle  of  collective 
bargaining,  upon  which  the  trade-union 
movement  is  based.  He  probably  in- 
spired the  saying  of  a  philosophei',  'The 
more  I  see  of  men  the  better  I  like  dogs.' 
He  is  an  industrial  thief,  a  social  rene- 
gade, a  moral  leper,  and  as  such  merits, 
and  fortunately  often  receives  the  pen- 
alty of  being  set  aside  in  practical  isola- 
tion from  honoi'able  men. 

"The  attempt  to  clothe  the  strike- 
breaker with  the  attributes  of  heroism 
and  morality  woidd  be  immensely  ludic- 
rous were.it  not  so  serious  in  its  possible 
results. 

"It  is  conceivable  that  besides  the 
moral  pervert  there  are  the  mentally 
incapable,  and  that  there  are  those 
among  wage- earners  whose  intellects  are 
so  feeble  that  they  are  unable  to  read 
the  leson  of  the  efficiency  of  organiza- 
tion, writ  large  on  the  page  of  industrial 
history.  Toward  these  intellectually  de- 
fective people,  tolerance  is  proper. 


"But  the  theory  of  our  democratic 
institutions,  which  is  that  men  should 
have  liberty  of  opinion,  nevertheless  puts 
constraint  upon  the  transforming  of 
these  opinions  into  deeds  when  these 
deeds  are  esteemed  inimical  to  the  public 
good. 

"The  analogy  holds  good  in  the  labor 
world.  The  trade-union  says,  'You  may 
believe  what  you  like,  but  when  general 
interests  of  labor  are  at  stake,  we  deny 
your  moral  right  to  act  with  the  oppon- 
ents  of  labor.' 

"In  the  larger  sphere  of  the  state,  the 
non-conformist  is  obliged  to  submit  to 
the  judgment  of  the  majority.  He  may 
be  of  the  opinion  that  the  state  has  no 
right  to  enforce  specific  regulations  as 
to  the  public  health;  he  may  object  to 
being  taxed  for  the  support  of  schools ; 
he  may  protest  against  paying  for  the 
maintenance  of  armies  and  navies — but 
his  protest  must  be  confined  to  words. 
If  he  refuses  to  comply  with  the  demand 
of  the  board  of  health  or  of  the  tax  col- 
lector, he  is  made  to  pay  the  penalty. 

"  'The  right  to  work  is  inalienable,' 
champions  of  the  non-unionists  exclaim, 
and  the  chorus  is  taken  up  by  smug 
Philistinism  all  along  the  line.  Dile- 
tante  social  reformers,  college  professors, 
zealous  editors,  manufacturers'  associa- 
tions, and  strike-breakers  everywhere 
echo  the  sweet  refrain.  'The  right  to 
work    is    inalienable.'  " 

"But  in  actual  practice  society  sternly 
qualifies  and  limits  this  same  right.  It 
fixes  conditions  under  which  many  kinds 
of  work  may  be  performed,  regulates  lo- 
cation, safe-guards,  and  the  very  nature 
of  the  work.  It  denies  even  the  legal 
right  of  man  to  do  work  which  consti- 
tutes a  nuisance  to  his  neighbors.  When 
public  safety  demands,  it  limits  the 
hours  of  labor.  When  religious  custom 
prevails,  it  punishes  secular  labor  done 
on  the  Sabbath.  In  many  ways  it 
declares  that  the  right  to  labor,  instead 
of  being  inalienable  in  the  individual,  is 
governed  by  its  relations  to  the  public 
welfare. 

"This,  then,  is  the  moral  ground  upon 
which  trade-unionism  rests  its  case.  If 
the  aims  and  objects  of  organized  labor 
are  in  accord  with  the  best  interest  of 
the  society — then  the  non-unionist  has 
no  moral  right  to  act  as  a  counteracting 
agent  to  these  efforts.  The  whole  ques- 
tion thus  resolves  itself  into  the  issue  of 
the  utility  of  trade-unionism  as  a  whole." 


Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 
THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

Published   on  the   15th   of  each   month   at  the 

CARPENTERS'  BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA, 

Publishers 

FRANK  DUFFY,  Editor 

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The  publishers  and  the  advertising 
agent  use  every  possible  precaution  avail= 
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ments  from  other  than  reliable  firms,  but 
do  not  accept  any  responsibility  for  the 
contents  of  any  advertisement  which  ap= 
pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au= 
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plaints  to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,  OCTOBER,   1922 

The  Inspirers  of  Industrial  Trouble 

There  lias  been  so  much  propaganda 
spread  in  recent  tinies  by  the  employing 
interests  relative  to  the  causes  of  dis- 
affection amongst  wage  earners  and  a 
consequent  rise  in  the  cost  of  living  to 
the  "so-called  public"  as  the  consequence 
of  strikes  by  Organized  Labor  that,  an 
editorial  appearing  in  the  "Dearborn  In- 
dependent" under  date  of  September  9, 
showing  that,  "the  whole  scheme  has 
been  to  degrade  labor  and  make  its  com- 
pensation such  that  it  will  be  impossible 
to  gain  more  than  a  mere  existence,"  is 
propitious,  especially  when  one  considers 
that  Mr.  Ford  is  one  of  the  largest  in- 
dividual employers  of  labor  in  America. 
We  appreciate  the  following: 

"Few  realize  the  full  extent  of  the 
strikes  and  walkouts,  hence  the  univer- 


sality of  labor  disaffection  in  this  coun- 
try. The  Department  of  Labor  estimates 
that  more  than  a  million  and  a"  quarter 
of  wage  earners  are  idle  in  protest 
against  wage  cuts,  and  that  more  will 
soon  be  out  unless  the  program  is 
altered. 

"Public  attention  has  been  centered  on 
the  troubles  in  mining  and  transporta- 
tion industries,  but  these  comprise  but  a 
small  proportion,  a  little  more  than  half, 
of  the  entire  number  of  toilers  who  will 
not  work.  The  army  of  the  unemployed 
is  unable  to  supply  the  places  of  the 
strikers,  chiefly  because  the  latter  are 
generally  skilled  in  their  lines. 

"It  will  not  do  simply  to  accept  the 
statement  of  propaganda  of  the  employ- 
ers' organizations  as  to  the  causes  of  so 
much  disaffection.  The  time  was  chosen 
by  them  to  force  labor  to  accept  reduced 
wages  and  the  campaign  is  a  develop- 
ment of  two  or  three  years.  Taking  ad- 
vantage of  economic  conditions  follow- 
ing the  industrial  paralysis,  due  to 
money  manipulations  by  the  same  lead- 
ers, the  attempt  has  been  made  to  make 
labor  compete  against  itself  in  the  em- 
ployment market.  Divested  of  all  the 
camouflage  of  the  divine  right  of  men 
to  seek  employment  as  individuals,  the 
whole  scheme  has  been  to  degrate  labor 
and  make  its  compensation  such  that  it 
will  be  impossible  to  gain  more  than  a 
mere  existence. 

"All  the  talk  of  liberty  and  freedom  is 
for  the  ear,  not  for  the  reason.  The 
horse  is  used  until  age  makes  it  worth- 
less. It  is  then  mercifully  put  to  death, 
unless  the  owner  cares  to  realize  a  few 
dollars  by  selling  it  to  some  one  who  will 
drive  it  until  it  drops.  The  inspirers  of 
industrial  trouble,  the  kings  of  capital, 
would  put  the  wage  earner  in  the  horse 

class." 

*      *      * 

The  General  Secretary's  Report 

The  report  of  the  General  Secretary 
for  the  year  ending  June  30,  1919,  which 
has  recently  been  issued,  contains  much 
of  interest,  in  a  statistical  way,  of  the 
conditions  existing  in  the  United  Broth- 
erhood for  the  past  year.  It  shows  that 
the  organization  at  the  close  of  the  fiscal 


THE    CARPENTER 


27 


year,  June  30,  1922,  had  2,318  Local 
Unions,  146  District  Councils,  26  State 
Councils,  2  Provincial  Councils,  77 
Ladies'  Auxiliary  Unions,  and  a  member- 
ship in  good  standing  of  270,010.  The 
report  also  shows  that  53,094  are  in  ar- 
rears and  therefore  not  entitled  to  any 
benefits  whatever  from  the  General  Of- 
fice. This  makes  a  total  membership  of 
323,104,  and  when  we  consider  the  try- 
ing conditions  with  which  we  have  had 
'to  contend  with  in  the  past  year  we  feel 
that  we  are  more  than  holding  our  own. 
Under  the  head  of  "Trade  Move- 
ments," the  General  Secretary  says: 

•'For  the  period  of  July  1,  1921,  to 
June  30,  1922,  forty-six  trade  move- 
ments were  brought  to  the  attention  of 
,the  General  Executive  Board  with  the 
following  results :  Official  sanction  only, 
granted  12 ;  official  sanction  with  finan- 
cial aid,  33;  movement  ordered  held  in 
abeyance,  1.  This  is  a  great  reduction 
from  the  number  of  movements  acted 
iiipon  by  the  Board  when  compared  with 
;  previous  years.  This  reduction  to  a  great 
extent  is  due  to  the  fact  that  those  Local 
[Unions  and  District  Councils  who  were 
involved  in  movements  resisting  a  re- 
'  Auction  in  wages  and  increase  in  work- 
i  ing  hours,  were  advised  the  latter  part 
of  1921  that  they  did  not  require  the 
;  sanction  of  the  General  Executive  Board. 
However,  financial  aid  was  assured  these 
i  Local  Unions  and  District  Councils  if 
they  became  involved  in  a  strike  or  lock- 
f  out.  The  Board  ruled  at  a  later  date  that 
i  sanction  was  necessary  when  Local 
i  Unions  or  District  Councils  anticipated 
j  any  trouble  in  retaining  their  present 
'  wages  and  working  hours." 

A  detailed  statement  by  months  of  Lo- 
cals organized  since  June  30,  1921,  and 
;  those  suspended  or  consolidated  is  also 
;  shown  in  the  report." 

"With  regards  to  the  membership  of 
the   seven    districts    represented    in    the 
General   Executive  Board,  we  note  that 
District  No.   1  leads  with  67,797   meru- 
:  bers ;  District  No.  3  comes,  second  with 
(e?:842;  District  No,  2  .cas  52,566;  Dis- 
trict No.   5   has  31,013;   Dis^c4:   No.   6 
has  30.380;   District  No.   4   has   13,014 
and  District  No.  7  has  8,627." 

Reviewing  the  work  of  Financial  Sec- 
retaries, the  General  Secretary  briefly 
calls  their  attention  to  the  necessity  of 
sending  in  their  monthly  report  to  the 
General  Office,  and  says : 

"From  time  to  time  we  have  called  the 
Financial   Secretaries'   attention   to    Sec- 


tion 36,  Paragraph  D,  of  the  General 
Laws,  but  for  some  reason  or  other  sev- 
eral of  them  fail  to  be  governed  by  that 
Section,  which  reads : 

"  'The  Financial  Secretary  shall  make 
a  written  report  monthly  to  the  General 
Secretary  on  the  official  blanks  furnished 
for  that  purpose,  said  report  must  be  sent 
to  the  General  Secretary  not  later  than 
the  10th  clay  of  each  month  for  the 
month  preceding,  under  penalty  of  Two 
Dollars  ($2.00)  fine.'  " 

Financial  Secretaries  should  take  into 
consideration  that  we  are  required  by 
Paragraph  "A,"  of  Section  13,  of  our 
Constitution  to  keep  a  record  of  all  mem- 
bers of  the  United  Brotherhood — bene- 
ficial, semi-beneficial,  and  non-beneficial, 
also  those  owing -three  months'  dues,  de- 
ceased, resigned  or  expelled,  at  the  Gen- 
eral Office.  How  can  we  keep  such  a 
record  if  a  Financial  Secretary  fails  to 
send  us  his  monthly  report  promptly? 
From  the  date  one  report  is  missing  the 
membership  of  that  union  is  incorrect 
for  the  reason  we  have  no  means  of 
knowing  who  were  initiated,  or  admitted 
on  clearance  that  month,  who  were 
granted  clearance  cards,  who  went  into 
arrears  or  squared  up.  So  after  the 
$2.00  fine  is  paid,  that  does  not  ajust 
the  membership.  We  are  willing  at  all 
times  to  cancel  the  fine,  provided  we  get 
the  report. 

We  would  therefore  again  request  our 
Local  Officers  to  be  prompt  in  sending 
their  monthly  reports  to  us,  together 
with  the  per  capita  tax. 

In  refering  to  our  Official  Monthly 
Journal  "The  Carpenter,  he  says: 

We  are  continuously  having  com- 
plaints that  members  are  not  receiving 
our  official  journal  "The  Carpenter"  and 
upon  investigation  we  find  that  in  most 
cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that  the 
only  address  submitted  t"  the  General 
Office  is  "General  Delivers  ma  >_;u 
sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for,  ihe 
Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  tnis  Gen- 
eral Office  at  quite  an  expense.  We 
must,  therefore,  insist  that  the  Financial 
Secretary  of  each  and  every  Local  get 
the  correct  street  address  Df  every  mem- 
ber of  his  Local  in  good  standing  who 
does  not  receive  the  Journal,  and  send 
same  to  the  General  Office.  Financial 
Secretaries  will  also  take  into  consider- 
ation that  it  is  necessary  to  call  atten- 
tion on  those  same  blanks  to  the  names 
of  the  members  who  are  suspended  and 
granted   clearance   so   that   their   names 


THE     CARPENTER 


can  be  erased  from  the  mailing  list.  If 
sufficient  blanks  are  not  furnished  at  any 
time,  our  attention  should  be  called  to 
same  and  they  will  be  promptly  for- 
warded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Finan- 
cial Secretaries  obtain  the  same  infor- 
mation from  all  members  newly  initi- 
ated and  admitted  on  clearance,  to- 
gether with  those  who  have  .  changed 
their  address,  and  forward  it  to  the 
General  Office  on  the  blanks  furnisehd 
for  that  purpose  each  and  every  month. 
We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month,  a  complete  roster 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses, 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 
By  carrying  out  the  foregoing  instruc- 
tions you  will  not  only  assist  this  Gen- 
eral Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of 
our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter," 
but  you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  member- 
ship at  large." 

The  report  also  gives  a  detailed  state- 
ment of  the  amounts  that  have  been 
refunded  to  the  General  Office  as  unused 
balances  of  appropriations  made  by  the 
General  Executive  Board  for  relief  of 
members  involved  in  strike  and  lockouts, 
the  total  of  which  amounts  to  $3,189.50, 
also  a  detailed  statement  of  the  stock  on 
hand  and  disbursements. 

He  also  notes  that  considerable  of  his 
time  is  devoted  to  compiling  the  history 
of  the  United  Brotherhood  and  says  in 
part : 

"During  the  past  year  we  gave  all  the 
time  we  possibly  could  to  compiling  a 
History  of  the  United  Brotherhood.  This 
is  a  slow  and  tedious  job  for  the  reason 
that  the  work  of  the  General  Secretary 
must  first  be  attended  to  and  then  if 
Ave  have  any  spare  time  it  can  be  devoted 
to  this  matter.  We  sent  out  hundreds  of 
letters  to  Local  Officers  and  old-time 
members  in  an  effort  to  gather  informa- 
tion relative  to  Carpenters'  Unions,  as- 
sociations and  organizations  that  existed 
before  our  time.  We  had  to  wait  for 
replies  before  proceeding.  In  some  in- 
stances we  repeated  our  letters,  but  got 
no  replies.  However,  we  have  been  more 
successful  than  we  anticipated  and  it  is 
astounding  all  the  data  and  statistics 
we  gathered  from  reliable  sources  rela- 
tive to  these  early  unions. 

"We  are  now  up  to  the  year  1900  and 
it  is  our  desire  and  earnest  hope  that  by 
the  time  our  next  Convention  meets  in 


1924  that  we  will  have  the  history  com- 
pleted and  ready  for  publication. 

"All  our  spare  time,  both  night  and 
day,  is  devoted  to  this  work.  We  will 
be  glad  when  it  is  finished.  We  feel 
that  this  history  will  prove  of  great 
value  to  our  members.  We  know  it 
will  be  of  interest  to  them  at  least." 

While  the  report  in  the  main  is  statis- 
tical, as  a  whole  it  gives  a.  concise  and 
detailed  review  of  the  many  duties  the 
General  Secretary  is  called  upon  to  per- 
form and  should  receive  the  commen- 
dation of  all  members  of  the  United 
Brotherhood. 

*  *      * 
Victory  for  Closed  Shop 

Working  contracts  in  five  of  the  crafts 
of  the  building  trades  and  a  board  agree- 
ment for  conciliation  and  co-operation 
covering  27,000  skilled  and  unskilled 
workmen  in  Boston  have  been  signed. 

This  ends  the  "open  shop"  conditions 
in  the  building  trades  effective  since  Jan- 
uary, 1921,  when  the  employers  broke 
off  relations  with  the  unions  after  a  pro- 
tracted strike. 

The  agreement  runs  to  April  1,  1923, 
and  if  neither  side  gives  notice  to  the 
other  on  or  before  January  1st,  that  it 
desires  a  change  it  will  continue  in  effect 
for  anther  year.  The  standard  craft 
wage  is  to  be  $1  an  hour,  but  agree- 
ments may  be  made  between  craftsmen 
and  employers  in  some  lines  to  pay  as 
high  as  $1,12%. 

The  question  of  compensation  for 
overtime  and  whether  the  week  shall  be 
one  of  40  or  44  hours  are  left  to  the  in- 
dividual crafts  to  settle  with  their  em- 
ployers. The  understanding  is  that  the 
employers  are  inclined  to  agree  with  the 
40-hour  week  where  it  is  wished,  but 
that  most  of  the  crafts  are  agreeable  to. 
working  44  hours. 

The  basic  compensation  for  overtime 
is  time  and  a  half,  but  where  there  is  no 
agreement  on  this  the  employers  will 
take  the  question  up  for  adjudication 
with  the  crafts'  representatives. 

*  *      * 

What  Co=Operation  Does  for  the  Worker 
Co-operation  is  not  limited  in  its  use- 
fulness to  the  workers  as  a  medium  of 
protecting  them  from  the  onsloughts  of 
the  profiteers.  While  many  see  nothing 
more  in  co-operation  than  its  possibility 
to  pay  dividends,  it  is  clear  to  all  those 
who  practice  co-operation  that  the  sav- 
ings return  is  but  a  small  part  of  the 
benefits  accuring  to  the  practical  co-op- 
eration and  their  families. 


THE     CARPENTER 


29 


The  average  worker  has  little  or  no 
chance  to  peek  into  the  mysteries  of 
modern  business.  He  hears  much  about 
business  ethics,  about  overhead,  high 
and  low  margins,  working  capital,  de- 
preciation, special  arrangements,  shrink- 
age, trade  regulations,  credits,  special 
land  hidden  discounts.  About  how  it  is 
possible  to  sell  merchandise  below  cost 
;aud  still  stay  in  business  and  many 
[other  things  that  only  tend  to  increase 
I  the  maze  that  clouds  his  mind  when 
considering  the  scheme  of  modern  busi- 
ness. The  co-operative  gives  to  the 
workers  the  opportunity  to  receive  a 
i  training  in  this  modern  mystery.  He 
icau,  by  becoming  active  in  his  society 
as  a  member  of  committee,  Auditing 
Board  member,  and  officers,  and  in  the 
course  of  two  or  three  years  acquire  an 
understanding  of  business  practice  such 
is  can  only  be  had  by  one  actually  in 
charge  of  these  operators.  He  as  a  re- 
sult of  such  experience  can  serve  as  a 
representative  of  his  Local  Union  in 
dealing  with  employers  with  much  less 
embarrassment  to  himself  and  with  a 
great  deal  more  efficiency  for  his  consti- 
tutionaries  as  a  result  of  being  prepared 
to  talk  with  them  in  their  own  language. 

It  also  gives  the  workers  a  training  in 
'directing  the  affairs  of  large  numbers  of 
(people.  This  coupled  with  trades  union 
(experiences  fits  them  to  handle  large  un- 
dertakings in  wrhich  the  people's  inter- 
ests are  involved. 

It  does  not  require  any  great  foresight 
to  see  that  where  the  common  people  are 
in  possession  of  such  training  as  above 
described  that  many  of  our  large  prob- 
lems of  today  would  be  much  nearer  so- 
lution than  at  present.  The  problems  of 
trusts  and  combinations,  including  Wall 
Street  control  of  finances  could  then  be 
i  tackled  in  a  way  that  would  offer  the 
(greatest  possible  hope.  The  packing 
trust,  if  controlled  by  the  common  peo- 
ple, through  men  trained  in  this  manner, 
would  certainly  be  operated  in  the  inter- 
ests of  the  greatest  numbers.  This  is 
also  true  of  banking  and  would  restore 
the  people's  money  and  its  use  to  those 
who  through  their  production  give  it  its' 
value.  These  results  could  be  followed 
out  in  most  all  lines  of  industry  and 
would  make  possible  the  use  of  the  now 
dormant  power  of  the  producer. 

Compulsory  Affiliation 

At  the  Forty-second  Annual  Conven- 
tion of  the  American  Federation  of  La- 


bor, held  in  Cincinnati  in  June,  1922, 
more  than  a  dozen  resolutions  were  in- 
troduced, asking  for  the  compulsory  af- 
filiation of  Local  Unions  with  City. 
Central  and  State  Bodies.  No  other 
matter  brought  forth  so  many  resolu- 
tions. Most  of  them  sought  to  force  af- 
filiation by  amending  the  Constitution  of 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor. 

We  quote  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  typical  of  many  others.  It 
was  introduced  by  the  delegate  of  the 
Louisiana  State  Federation  of  Labor. 

"Whereas,  The  best  interests  of  Or- 
ganized Labor  demand  that  all  Local 
Unions  offiliated  with  the  American  Fed- 
eration of  Labor  (either  directly  or 
through  their  national  or  international 
organization),  should  by  affiliation  be- 
come members  of  their  respective  State 
Federations  of  Labor,  Central  Bodies  and 
District  Councils;  and, 

"Whereas,  The  machinery  provided  by 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor  Con- 
stitution seems  to  be,  and  is  inadequate 
to  compel  that  solidarity  so  necessary  to 
the  success  of  the  labor  movement ; 
therefore,  be  it 

"Resolved,  That  the  Constitution  of 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor  shall 
be  amen'ded  to  contain  the  following 
principle:  "That  national  and  interna- 
tional organizations  shall  compel  all  Lo- 
cal Unions  under  their  jurisdiction  to 
affiliate  with  their  respective  State  Fed- 
erations of  Labor  Central  Bodies  and 
District  Councils ;  and  where  a  Local 
Union  persists  in  its  refusal  to  so  affili- 
ate, the  proper  officers  of  the  national  or 
international  organization  having  juris- 
diction shall  notify  the  offending  Local 
Union  that  its  charter  be  suspended  until 
such  time  as  the  affiliation  is  consum- 
mated." 

The  Committee  on  Law.  to  whom  this 
and  similar  resolutions  were  referred,  de- 
clined to  favorably  consider  compulsory 
affiliation  on  the  grounds  that  to  do  so 
would  destroy  the  autonomy  of  Inter- 
national Unions.  The  position  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor  has  been 
to  advise  affiliation  but  not  to  make  it 
compulsory. 

The  Convention  concurred  in  the  re- 
port of  the  committee. 

This  settles  once  and  for  all  the  ques- 
tion of  compulsory  affiliation,  which 
some  Central  Bodies  thought  could  be 
enforced. 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE  UNITED  BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind, 

General  President 

WM.  L.  HDTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.  COSGROVE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  "Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
890  Second  Ate..  Troy,  Jf.  z, 

laeonfi  district,  D.  A.  ?OST 
41*  9.  Main  St.,  Wilkw-Barrt,  Pa, 


f  hlr«  District,  JOHN  H.  POTTS 
646  Mellsh  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.  OGLETREE 
926  Marina  St.,  Nashville,  Tenn. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 

810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San  Francisco,  Cal. 


Seventh   District,  ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord  St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFI,   Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receiv- 
ing  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,'' 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen- 
eral Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  and 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for, 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  this 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi- 
nancial Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand- 
ing who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the  General  Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in- 
to consideration  that  it  is  necessary  to 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the 
names  of  members  who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  their 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  their 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  are 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attention 
should  be  caiiefl  to  same  and  they  will 
be  ^Tiiin^ly  to,  warded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financial 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  information 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  and 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  with 
those  who  have  changed  their  address, 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Office 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpose 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  roster 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses, 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

By  carrying  out  the  foregoing  instruc- 
tions you  will  not  only  assist  this  General 
Office  in  facilitating  the  delivery  of  our 
official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,"  but 
you  will  do  a  favor  to  the  membership 
at  large. 


THE    CARPENTER 


31 


NOTICE  TO  RECORDING 
SECRETARIES 
The  quarterly  circular  for  the  months 
of  October,  November  and  December, 
containing  the  quarterly  password,  has 
been  forwarded  to  all  Local  Unions  of 
the  United  Brotherhood.  Under  separate 
cover  six  blanks  have  been  forwarded  for 
the  Financial  Secretary,  three  of  which 
are  to  be  used  for  the  reports  to  the  Gen= 
eral  Office  for  the  months  of  October, 
November  and  December,  and  the  extra 
ones  are  to  be  filled  out  in  duplicate  and 
kept  on  file  for  future  reference.  In= 
closed  therewith  are  also  six  blanks  for 
the  Treasurer,  to  be  used  in  transmitting 
money  to  the  General  Office.  Recording 
Secretaries  not  in  receipt  of  this  imme= 
diately  should  notifj'  the  General  Secre= 
tary,  Frank  Duffy,  Carpenters'  Building, 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

* 

A  Fine  Badge! 

The  new  design  of  Official  Parade  and 
Funeral  Badge  lias  been  purchased  in 
quantities  by  a  great  many  Local  Unions 
and  it  is  pleasing  to  note  the  satisfaction 
with  which  they  have  been  received  by 
our  membership  where  they  have  been 
obtained. 

Though  many  Local  Unions  were  sup- 
plied in  time  for  Labor  Day,  others  are 
continuing  to  order  a  supply  of  this  very 
unique  and  appropriate  badge,  realizing 
that  so  many  occasions  arise  where  the 
necessity  is  felt  for  wearing  an  insignia 
emblematic  of  and  typifying  the  craft, 
and  at  the  same  time  evidencing  the 
spirit  of  undaunted  loyalty  to  the  Broth- 
erhood. 

It  so  frequently  occurs  that  a  commit- 
tee or  delegation  is  appointed  to  repre- 
sent the  Brotherhood  at  the  funeral  of 
a  departed  brother  or  member  of  his 
family  of  one.  Then  it  is  that  without  a 
designating  insignia,  such  ceremony  as 
attending  the  last  sad  rites  is  incom- 
plete. 

Other  affairs  and  functions  make  for 
the  further  establishment  of  morale, 
when  suitable  badge  is  worn  by  our 
members,  such  occasions  being: 

Anniversaries  of  Local  Unions. 

Banquets. 

Mass  meetings. 

Participation  in  civic  parades  in  a 
body. 

Social  meetings  and  numerous  other 
occasions. 

Each  Local  Union  in  addition  to  its 
members   being  equipped   with  the   Of- 


ficial Parade  and  Funeral  Badge,  mould 
have  a  full  set  of  Officers'  Badges,  show- 
ing the  title  of  each  officer  on  the  oadge. 
They  could  remain  the  property  of  the 
organization. 

All  Secretaries  have  been  supolied 
with  illustration  and  prices  of  badge,  and 
the  undersigned  will  be  pleased  to  re- 
ceive orders,  accompanied  by  the  neces- 
sary remittance. 

Fraternally, 

FRANK  DUFFY, 

General  Secretary. 

* 

Information  Wanted 

Any  one  knowing  of  the  whereabouts 
of  Walter  Vanden  Berg,  last  known  ad- 
dress 3422A  19th  St.,  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  kindly  address  L.  Vanden  Berg,  112 
Remyne  St.,  Kalamazoo,  Mich. 
*      *      * 

J.  J.  Kloch,  who  is  shown  in  the  ac- 
companying cut,  left  Sunbury,  Pa.,  about 
the  second  week  of  August.     Any   one 


knowing  of  his  whereabouts  kindly  ad- 
dress J.  P.  Sladle,  F.  S.,  L.  U.  No.  838, 
Sunbury,  Pa. 

• 

The  Letter  "E" 

Someone  has  expressed  the  opinion 
that  the  letter  "E"  is  the  most  unfortu- 
nate letter  in  the  alphabet  because  it  is 
always  out  of  cash,  forever  in  debt,  never 
out  of  danger,  and  in  hell  all  of  the  time. 
Our  editorial  sanctum  adds  that  for  some 
reason  the  writer  of  the  above  over- 
looked the  good  qualities  of  the  letter 
"E"  and  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that 
it  is  never  in  war,  always  in  peace,  and 
never  in  prison.  It  is  the  beginning  of 
existence,  the  commencement  of  ease, 
and  tne  end  of  trouble.  Without  it  there 
would  be  no  life  in  Heaven,  no  sleep  and 
no  eats.  It  is  the  center  of  honesty, 
makes  love  perfect,  and  without  it  there 
would  be  no  carpenters  in  America. 


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The  Closed  Union  Shop  Is  Justifiable 

Editor.   "The  Carpenter": 

Would  it  be  asking  too  much  to  be  per- 
mitted to  extend  our  sincere  thanks  as 
authors  and  publishers  of  "The  Closed 
Union  Shop  Is  Justifiable"  to  the  United 
I'::--o:'  1  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America  through  the  columns  of  "The 
Carpenter"  for  their  cordial  interest  in 
this  work  setting-  forth  the  case  for  Un- 
ionism ?  "We  are  deeply  appreciative  of 
the  courteous  treatment  and  immediate 
interest  vrhieh  all  of  our  correspondence 
and  efforts  have  received.  Carpenters 
and  Joiners'  Local  Unions  from  all  parts 
of  the  United  States  are  manifesting 
their  good  wishes  by  flooding  us  with 
orders  for  pur  publication.  We  feel 
greatly  indebted  to  your  splendid  organ- 
ization with  its  fine  spirit,  generous  help- 
fulness, and  good  will. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  would 
be  interested  in  an  extract  from  the  let- 
ter of  Aug.  22  of  First  General  Vice- 
President  Mr.  John  T.  Cosgrove  who 
states,  "I  am  in  receipt  of  your  com- 
munication of  Aug.  2.  enclosing  copy  of 
your  booklett.  "The  Closed  Union  Shop 
Is  Justifiable."'  which  contains  the  most 
complete  and  forceful  arguments  defend- 
ing this  subject  that  have  ever  come  to 
my  attention." 

The  statement  below  by  Mr.  W.  E. 
Lerch.  Recording  Secretary  of  Local  Un- 
ion 143.  located  at  Canton,  Ohio,  is  typ- 
ical of  the  courteous  attitude  of  Carpen- 
ters and  Joiners  everywhere.  He  says, 
"Our  organization  has  a  committee 
working  on  your  publication  and  will 
make  arrangements  to  sell  it  at  a  very 
early  date.  I  will  send  all  subscriptions 
sa  fast  as  I  get  the  same.  "The  Closed 
Union  Shop  Is  Justifiable"  in  my  opin- 
ion, is  the  best  article  I  have  ever  read 
on  the  subject." 

We  are  trly  grateful  for  these  favors 
and  wish  to  express  our  gratitude  in 
some  manner.  I  know  of  no  way  which 
will  serve  as  well  as  the  columns  of  "The 
Carpenter"  and  therefore  hope  that  it 
'may  be  possible  for  you  to  honor  us 
with  this  privilege,  and  that  yon  will 
pardon  our  asking  this. 

Thanking   you   many   times   for   your 


kindly    helpfulness    and    generous    sym 
pathy. 

Respectfully  yours, 

ALFRED   G.    BUEHLER. 


No  Records  Kept — Read  and  Ponder 

Editor,   "The  Carpenter" : 

Recently  I  have  been  collecting  unior 
labor  statistics  of  Colorado  calling  or. 
labor  unions  of  all  crafts  for  that  pur- 
pose. One  matter  which  the  Bureau 
seeks  information  in  regard  to  is  th« 
amount  of  time  the  membership,  as 
whole  of  each  craft,  has  worked  during 
the  year;  or,  to  put  it  another  way,  the) 
amount  of  time  lost  during  the  year  od 
account  of  lack  of  employment  for  var-j 
ions  reasons. 

I  have  not  found  one  union  that  couM 
answer  that  question  with  any  degree  of 
'accuracy,  simply  because  they  did  not 
know,  not  having  kept  any  such  records.' 
I  have  three  reasons  for  writing  this  ar- 
ticle : 

First :  The  general  public,  when  writ-, 
ing  or  talking  of  wage  scales,  do  not 
take  lost  time  into  consideration,  simply 
figuring  so  much  per  day.  so  many  days 
in  the  year,  so  much  earned  during  the 
year.  An  illustration:  Some  years  ago, 
as  Business  Agent  for  L.  U.  No.  55, 
was  called  to  a  job  where  the  plumbers! 
were  having  trouble.  Talking  with  the 
agent  for  the  property  after  leaving  the' 
building,  he  said  to  me  that  he  thought 
the  plumbers  were  doing  very  well  and 
had  no  cause  for  complaint.  C Their 
scale  was  then  $4.50  per  day.)  He  said; 
"They  get  S4.50  per  day.  so  many  days 
a  year  (full  time  i  is  so  much  per  year: 
they  ought  to  save  considerable  money 
during  the  year."  I  asked  him  if  he  took 
into  consideration  any  lost  time.  He 
said  no.  Then  I  told  him  that  the  plum- 
bers union  kept  a  record  of  earnings  of 
each  member  for  the  year,  (they  did  at 
that  rime  i,  and  that  the  record  showed 
an  average  per  member  of  82.25  per  day 
during  the  year.  He  then  said.  "Now  I 
see  the  matter  in  a  different  fight.  I  had 
not  thought  of  the  lost  time  feature." 

Now  take  the  case  of  the  coal  miners. 
The  operators  took  one  or  two  isolated 
cases  of  miners  who  drew  big  pay  and 


THE    CARPEXTER 


35 


I  published  a  statement  in  the  public  press 
of  Colorado  Springs  in  which  they  made 
it  appear  that  the  pay  these  men  received 
was  the  average  pay  of  the  miners.  The 
press  of  that  city  would  not  publish  a 
statement  from  the  miners  giving  the 
■facts  and  showing  the  fallacy  of  the  op- 
erators' -statement.  The  result,  so  far 
as  the  public  is  concerned,  is  obvious. 

Second :  To  show  the  advisability  of 
and  the  nece«sity  for  keeping  such  a  rec- 
ord, to  be  able  to  say,  when  occasion  re- 
quires. "These  are  the  facts — matters  of 
vecord." 

Third  To  be  in  a  position  to  present 
your  case  at  any  time  or  place  in  an  in- 
telligent and  business  like  manner. 

The  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics  of  Col- 
orado is  laying  stress  on  the  unemploy- 
ment feature  as  to  the  reduction  of  the 
so-called  daily  wage  in  its  biennial  re- 
port, but  cannot  make  it  complete  be- 
cause the  unions  cannot  furnish  the  nec- 
essary information.  Result:  One  chance 
to  speak  effectively  to  the  public  gone. 
J.  M.  McLANE. 
Deputy  State  Factory  Inspector. 
Denver,  Colo. 


Appreciates  the  Journal 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

I  always  look  forward  to  the  receipt 
of  "The  Carpenter"  for  its  authentic 
news  on  national  labor  questions  and 
the  Craft  Problems  as  well  as  other  in- 
teresting matter.  It  is  a  journal  of 
vhich  we  can  all  be  proud,  well  edited 
and  interesting  from  cover  to  cover. 

Sincerely  hope  that  I  shall  continue  to 
receive   this    wonderful   magazine,    as   I 
would  feel  lost  without  it. 
Respectfully,  R.   S.  DICKLAUS. 

602  S.  W.  12th  Ave.  Miami,  Fla. 


Conditions  Bad  At  Jacksonville 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

As  we  have  had  and  are  having  a 
struggle  to  maintain  a  living  wage  scale 
in  our  town,  we  feel  it  our  duty  to  let 
every  carpenter  that  carries  a  card  know 
something  about  the  conditions  we  are 
having  to  put  up  with. 

We  have  to  contend  with  an  Em- 
ployers' Association  that  is  fighting  us 
continually,  they  are  using  every  pos- 
sible means  to  break  us  up,  but  have 
not  quite  succeeded  and  never  will  if 
we  can  get  the  brother  carpenters  from 
every  state  in  this  United  States  to  at 
least  consider  the  value  of  his  card  when 
he  comes  to  Florida. 


Be  a  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More,  Yearly 

N  e  w,    uncrowded 
field.   Architects  and 
r  general     contractors 
know  the  American 
Universal  and 
prefer  its  work. 
They  prefer  to 
sublet  the  floor 
surfacing-,  as  it 
is    a    big    busi- 
ness   in    itself. 

We  furnish  of- 
fice forms,  ad- 
vertising, etc., 
in  f  a  c  t,  we 
practically  s;>t 
a  man  up  in 
business. 

Business 
corner 
easily. 


BUILDING  CONTINUES 
OVER  U.  S. 

Building  is  booming  all  over  the  country.  There 
are  innumerable  opportunities  tor  iho-o  equipped  to 
handle  the  worh  of  door  surfacing.  The  American 
Universal  Machine  is  essential   In  hustlers.     Get  in  on 

the   ground   iloor — get   the   machine   now. 

Re-Surface  Old  Floors 

With  the  American  Universal  Floor  Surfacing  Ma- 
chine, old  lioors  can  be  made  like  new  ami  new  Hours 
made  perfect.  The  field  is  wide;  every  building  is  a 
prospect. 

Get  into  a  big  paying  business  of  your  own.  Floor 
surfacing  contractors  often  pay  for  machine  first 
month  and  malte  a  good  profit   besides. 

WRITE  TODAY  for  full  informa- 
tion.    Act  NOW. 


vEI 


Seize    this    opportunity    to    get    into    a    "usinoss    of 
your   own.      Write  today    for   complete   literature. 

The  American  Floor  Surfacing 
Machine  Co. 


572  So.   St.    Clair   Street, 


Toledo   Ohio, 


36 


THE     CARPENTER 


Our  greatest  handicap  is  carpenters 
from  other  states  coming  here  to  spend 
the  winter  and  working  on  unfair  jobs 
under  scale  and  paying  their  dues  at 
their  home  Locals,  consequently  when 
the  weather  warms  up  and  they  go  back 
home,  we  are  so  badly  beaten  down  it 
takes  us  all  summer  to  recuperate  suf- 
ficient to  stand  the  winter  again.  We 
are  about  30  per  cent  organized  in  this 
town,  our  scale  is  80c,  but  it  is  very  easy 
to  find  carpenters  working  as  low  as  40c 
per  hour. 

We  are  not  selfish,  a  brother  is  always 
welcome  in  our  Local.  However,  if  you 
don't  want  to  encounter  very  poor  con- 
ditions, don't  come  to  Florida,  especially 
Jacksonville. 

W.   O.   HILL,   Secretary. 

Carpenters'  District  Council.  Jackson- 
ville. Fla. 


Eliminating  the  Middlemen 

Editor.  "The  Carpenter'*: 

As  it  is  my  business  to  get  in  touch 
with  labor  organizations,  especially  in 
the  large  cities,  will  send  this  commu- 
nication to  you  and  you  can  spread  it 
through  the  columns  of  "The  Carpenter" 
and  otherwise. 

The  Farmers'  Union  State  Exchange 
of  Arizona  desires  that  our  brother  la- 
borers in  the  cities  establish  distrib- 
uting points  or  houses  that  we  may  ship 
our  produce  direct  to  them  and  eliminate 
so  many  middlemen  who  are  so  costly 
for  both  producer  and  consumer. 

Kindly  take  this  matter  up  at  once 
with  your  Locals  and  be  prepared  for 
vegetable  season  this  fall  as  well  as 
strawberry  season  next  spring. 

The  consumers  in  the  cities  were  pay- 
ing :?6  per  crate  for  berries  while  I,  as 
producer,  was  getting  $1.30.  Let  us 
divide  the  difference  in  our  own  way. 

Hoping  to  hear  from  you  at  your  earli- 
est convenience  and  with  best  wishes, 
I  am. 

Fraternally  yours, 
M.    SNYDER,    Sec.-Treas. 
Farmers'  Union  State  Exchange,  Beebe, 
Ariz. 


Petitions  a  Pardon  for  Mooney 
and  Billings 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

The  following  resolution  was  sent  to 
Governor  Stephens  of  California  by  our 
Local  in  August  and  we  respectfully  re- 
quest its  publication  in  our  Journal : 

Whereas,  That  Thomas  J.  Mooney  and 


Warren  K.  Billings  have  been  behind 
prison  bars  for  over  six  years,  and  from 
all  appearances  and  revelations  since 
their  conviction,  it  seems  that  they  have 
been  convicted  under  false  and  perjured 
testimony,  and 

Whereas.     Petitions    from    people    all 
over  the  world  have  asked  that  you  gram  . 
them  a  new  trial  or  pardon  them. 

Whereas,  District  Attorney  Brady  ..f 
San  Francisco  has  recently  sent  you  an 
open  letter  requesting  that  you  pardon 
Brothers  Thomas  J.  Mooney  and  Warren 
•K.  Billings,  because  of  his  belief  in  their 
innocence. 

Whereas,  Governor  Stephens  has 
made  the  statement  that  the  labor  move- 
ment is  not  interested  in  this  case. 

Therefore  Be  It  Resolved.  That  L.  U. 
No,  1068,  United  Brotherhood  of  Car- 
penters and  Joiners  of  America,  in  reg- 
ular meeting  assembled,  does  hereby  re- 
quest that  Governor  Stephens  grant  a 
pardon  to  Brothers  Thomas  J.  Mooney 
and  Wan-en  K.  Billings  or  give  a  good  . 
reason  why  he  does  not. 

And  Be  It  Further  Resolved.  That  a 
copy  of  these  resolutions  be  sent  to  the 
Central  Labor  Council,  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  and  the  Interna-  ' 
tional  Office  of  the  United  Brotherhood 
of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
and  Bay  Counties  District  Council  and 
that  they  be  requested  to  pass  similar 
resolutions. 

A.   B.    GARRETTSON.    Pres. 
H.   G.   MAHONY.   Rec.   Sec. 
L.  U.  No.  1068.                          Yallejo,  Cal. 
• 

Local  Holds  An   Outing 

L.  U.  No.  218  of  Boston,  Carpenters 
and  Joiners  of  America,  held  a  picnic 
and  outing  on  the  famous  old  stamping 
grounds  at  Salem  Willows,  Salem,  Mass., 
on  Monday,  September  4th,  Labor  Day, 
the  day  we  cease  all  labor,  and  partici- 
pate in  all  the  festivities  of  the  occa- 
sion. The  committee  appointed  by  the 
Local  Union  chartered  eleven  cars  of  the 
Bay  State  Railway  Co.,  which  were  filled 
to  their  utmost  capacity  in  carrying  the 
wives  and  families  of  the  brothers  of 
L.  U.  No.  218  to  the  extent  of  600  per- 
sons. Notwithstanding  the  inclemency 
of  the  weather,  a  very  enjoyable  day 
was  spent,  the  committee  in  charge 
using  every  effort  to  render  the  day  as 
pleasant  as  possible,  especially  for  the  _ 
women  and  children. 

Yarious  games  were  indulged  in.  with 
prizes    for    the    successful    competitors. 


THE     CARPENTER 


37 


The  flying  horses  were  greatly  appre- 
ciated by  the  children,  the  proprietor  of 
which  made  a  reduction  in  the  regular 
price,  and  tendered  the  use  of  the  en- 
closure for  shelter  and  protection  from 
the  storm.  Later  in  the  day  a  spacious 
dance  hall  was  obtained,  which  accom- 
modated the  entire  crowd. 

Clog  dancing,  jig  dancing,  tug  of  war, 
and  many  other  sports  too  numerous  to 
mention,  after  which  ice  cream,  potato 
chips,  ham  and  cheese  sandwiches, 
candy,  peanuts  and  soft  drinks  in  abund- 
ance was  served.  The  whole  affair 
terminated  in  a  very  enjoyable  manner 
to  every  one's  satisfaction,  all  expressing 
a  desire  to  have  the  same  performance 
repeated  on  Labor  Day,  1923. 

Respectfully  submitted, 
A.  H.  CRISPIN,   Sec.   of  Committee. 


"Open"  Shop  Is  Fake 

"The  'open'  shop  is  a  fake — there  is 
no  such  thing,"  writes  Samuel  Unter- 
myer,  New  York  attorney,  to  John  Fitz- 
patrick,  President  of  the  Chicago  Fed- 
eration of  Labor. 

"During  our  investigation  I  proved,  I 
think  conclusively,  that  in  the  case  of 
the  steel  company  and  the  National 
Erectors'  Association  that  it  is  worse 
than  a  sham,"  said  the  New  Yorker. 


Home  and  the  Office 

Home  is  the  place  where  the  laughter  should 
ring, 

And  man  should  be  found  at  his  best. 
Let  the  cares  of  the  day  be  as  great  as  they 
may, 

The  night  has  been  fashioned  for  rest. 
So  leave  at  the  door,  when  the  toiling  is  o'er 

All  the  burdens  of  work  time  behind, 
And  just  be  a  dad  to  your  girl  and  your  lad — 

A  dad  of  the  rollicking  kind. 

The  office  is  made  for  the  tasks  you  must  face  ; 

It  is  built  for  the  work  you  must  do, 
You  may  sit  there  and  sigh  as  your  cares  pile 
up  high 
And  no  one  may  criticize  you ; 
You  may  worry  and  fret  as* you  think  of  vour 
debt, 
You  may  grumble  when  plans  go  astray, 
But  when   it   comes   night   and   you   shut   your 
desk  tight. 
Don't  carry  the  burdens  away. 

Keep  daytime  for  toil  and  the  night  for  play. 
Work  as  hard  as  you  choose  in  the  town, 
But    when    the    day    ends    and    the    darkness 
descends, 
Just  forget  that  you're  wearing  a  frown — 
Go  home  with  a  smile  !    Oh,  you'll  find  it  worth 
while  ; 
Go  home  light  of  heart  and  of  mind. 
Go  home  and   be   glad   that   vou're   loved   as   a 
dad, 
A  dad  of  the  fun-loving  kind. 

— Anonymous. 


The  Union  Label  is  not  a  "cure  all" 
for  industrial  injustices,  but  it  is  the 
best  tonic  to  prescribe  for  many  of  them. 


ImattheTop 
-fthePoie 

That's  as  high  as 
I  can  climb  in  my 
present  job." 

So  wrote  an  ambitious 
lineman  to  the  United 
Y.M.  C.  A.  Schools.  He 
didn't  want  to  climb 
poles  all  of  his  life,  so 
he  enrolled  for  a  prac- 
tical course  of  home 
study  to  help  him  to  a 
higher  position  in  his 
chosen  field  of  work. 

He  is  making  progress.  He 
feels  that  ahead  of  him  are 
the  larger  responsibility,  the 
leadership,  the  higher  pay  and 
the  better  privileges,  comforts 
and  associations  that  are  sure 
to  come  to  the  man  who  puts 
more  into  his  head. 

Have  you  gone  as  high  as  yon 
can  with  wliat  you  now  know; 
Do  you  need  more  knowledge 
to  climb  higher?  Face  these 
big  questions. 

During  the  last  two  years  our 
friendly  counsel  has  been  given  to 
more  than  30,000  men  who  have  en- 
rolled for  the  United  Y.  M.  C.  A. 
■Schools'  correspondence  courses — a 
new  type  of  instruction  from  compe- 
j  tent  instructors  that  emphasizes  ser- 
|    vice  on  all  your  problems. 

If  you  want  to  climb  higher,  send 
the  coupon  for  our  friendly  counsel. 

Some   of  our  300   Correspondence    Courses — 

Technical  and   Olher  Courses 


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Accountancy 
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Bookkeeping 
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Insurance  Courses 
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Own-Your-Home    Course 
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Are  you  an  ex-service  man? 


Correspondence 
Instruction 


375  Lexington  Avenue 
Dept.  78-0.    New  York  City 

Without  obligating  me,  please  advise  regarding  the  course  In 


Name    

Full  Address 


(Please  write  plainly.) 


Casual  Comment 


Unionism,  or  organization  of  labor  has 
a  reason.  We  have  a  reason  and  a  big 
reason  for  that  500,000. 

¥         *         * 

Some  men  never  think  of  an  umbrella 
until  it  rains ;  others  never  think  of  their 
organization  until  they  are  in  trouble. 

*  *      * 

Don't  wonder  why  there  are  not  more 
union- made  goods  on  the  market  if  you 
are  one  of  those  who  purchase  the  other 
kind.    Look  at  yourself  in  the  mirror. 

*  *  '   ,* 

American  financiers  are  reported  to 
have  invested  more  than  three  billion 
dollars  abroad,  and  in  the  course  of  time 
they'll  be  asking  the  nation  to  send  a 
few  million  soldiers  over  to  bring  the 
money  home. 

The  Assistant  Attorney  General  in 
charge  of  claims  has  recommended  the 
passage  of  Senator  Elkin's  bill,  providing 
for  the  return  of  the  fines  levied  upon 
profiteering  merchants  and  manufactur- 
ers under  the  Lever  Act.  We  would 
suggest  that  the  bill  be  amended  so  as 
to  include  an  apology  to  the  war 
profiteers. 

*  *      ♦ 

Keeping  the  home  fires  burning  is  not 
as  easy  to  do  as  it  once  was,  thanks  to 
the  coal  profiteers,  who  doesn't  seem  to 
know  that  the  war  is  over. 

The  Supreme  Court  decision  that 
unions  can  be  sued  did  not  paralize  with 
fear  the  men  who  refused  to  live  under 
the  standard  set  up  by  the  Railroad  La- 
bor Board. 

*  *      * 

If  there  was  any  question  of  illegality 
connected  with  the  shopmen's  strike,  the 
burden  must  rest  upon  the  Railroad  La- 
bor Board  and  the  92  railroads  which 
have  violated  the  terms  of  the  Transpor- 
tation Act  and  ignored  the  decisions  of 
the  Labor  Board  with  impunity. 

*  *      * 

The  real  force  that  has  been  behind 
the  railway  strike  and  that  will  prove 
a  constant  menace  to  the  American  peo- 
ple is  stock  watering  and  the  attempt 
to  pay  dividends  on  the  40  per  cent  of 
ficticious  values  that  was  pumped  into 
the  corporations  when  the  roads  were 
turned  back  to  Wall  Street. 


The  speculators  toil  not,  neither  do 
they  spin ;  but,  verely,  they  are  clothed 
better  than  the  producers. 

*  *      * 

The  recent  publication  by  manufac- 
turers' associations  of  alleged  losses  by 
strikes  recalls  a  statement  issued  by  the 
Government  that  "not  even  the  approx- 
imate cost  of  strikes  can  be  ascertained." 

*  ♦      ♦ 

Hooper  is  the  best   Chairman  of  the- 
Railroad  Labor  Board.     He  is  the  best 
propagandist  the  railroads  ever  had  be- 
cause   he    makes    their    fake    statistics 
"official." 

*  *      * 

Hooper  fails  to  tell  the  fact  that,  by 
the  latest  decision  of  the  Interstate  Com- 
merce Commission,  the  railroads  are 
authorized  to  collect  5%  per  cent  on 
$18,900,000,000 — including  "seven  bil- 
lion of  water" — or  $1,086,880,000  a 
year. 

*  *      * 

Do  you  know  that  eleven  railroad 
Presidents  draw  more  salary  than  the 
President  of  the  United  States,  a  total 
of  $865,571,06;  an  average  of  $78,- 
701.97,  or  $52  per  hour  for  a  four-hour 
day?      . 

*  *     * 

Why  is  it  that  the  mill  owners  are  un- 
able to  man  the  mills,  either  during  or 
after  more  than  six  months  of  battle? 
Ordinarily  six  months  has  been  regarded 
as  a  period  of  time  sufficiently  long  to 
enforce  the  will  of  large  corporate  inter- 
ests. 

*  *     * 

The  answer  !s  that  the  mill  owners, 
like  other  empio-ving  interests.,  failed  to 
correctly  estimate  the  desperate  Jrami. 
of  mind  of  the  average  textile  worker 
and  the  wage  earner  under  the  present 
conditions  of  living  costs. 

We  have  reason  to  feel  grateful  to- 
wards William  Allan  White,  of  Kansas, 
for  his  sturdy  defense  of  the  right  of  free 
speech.  We  are  also  indebted  to  him  for 
calling  public  attention  to  the  fact. 

There  is  one  satisfaction  in  the 
thought  that  even  the  ex-service  men  are 
not  under  any  obligation  to  read  all  that 
congressional  oratory  for  and  against 
the  bonus. 


TradQ  Notos 


Carpenters'  wages  at  Pittsburgh,  Pa., 
are  advanced  from  $8  to  $9.  Last  fall 
the  carpenters  accepted  the  $8  rate  with 
the  understanding  that  rates  would  ad- 
vance if  the  Master  Builders'  Associa- 
tion negotiated  higher  rates   with  other 

unions. 

*      *      * 

Business  in  the  building  trades  at 
Tampa,  Fla.,  are  very  quiet  with  no  im- 
mediate prospects  in  view.  At  present 
there  is  work  for  about  400  carpenters 
and  the  city  contains  about  1,000. 

Carpenters'  Union  No.  43  of  Hartford, 
Conn.,  has  reinstated  their  former  rate 
of  $1  an  hour,  which  was  recently  cut 
to  90c.  As  this  city  has  a  building 
boom,  "there's  nothing  to  do  but  pay  it," 
was  the  mournful  comment  of  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  bosses'  union. 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 

A  representative  of  a  group  of  the 
largest  British  collieries  says  that  they 
have  received  orders  for  more  than  700,- 
000  tons  of  coal  for  delivery  to  the  Unit- 
ed States. 

*  *      * 

Ten  thousand  stevedores  and  coolies 
employed  at  the  Calcutta  (India)  docks 
struck  as  a  protest  against  the  convic- 
tion of  two  of  their  number  on  a  charge 
of  assaulting  an  overseer. 

*  *      * 

Great  satisfaction  is  felt  in  Great 
Britain  over  the  settlement  of  the  en- 
gineering lockout.  Unemployment  is  on 
the  decrease.  There  is  gradual  improve- 
ment in  trade. 

•  The  lowly  Chinest  wage  earner,  per- 
haps the  most  abject  of  all  the  world's 
toilers,  is  just  learning  of  the  power  he 
is  able  to  wield  through  the  medium  of 
organization,  and  like  a  great  flood  the 
movement  to  form  various  trade  guilds 
is  sweeping  the  country- 
Limiting  aid  to  those  who  are  with- 
out work  through  no  fault  of  their  own, 
Sweden  plans  to  spend  $22,000,000  dur- 
ing the  year  in  alleviation  of  unemploy- 
ment distress.     To  afford  work,  it  is  of- 


fering plots  of  land  to  those  willing  to  go, 
back  to  farming. 

*  *      * 

Eight-hour  day.  An  important  result 
of  the  recent  labor  troubles  in  Denmark 
was  the  agreement  between  capital  and 
labor  to  restore  the  8-hour  working  day 
which  was  terminated  several  months 
ago  by  the  Employers'  Association. 

*  *      * 

The  number  of  unemployed  in  Ger- 
many has  dropped  to  a  level  seldom  at- 
tained even  before  the  war.  The  total 
of  unemployed  persons  receiving  relief 
fell  from  28,700  in  June  to  19,000  in 
July. 

*  *      * 

At  the  British  Miners'  Federation  con- 
ference a  proposal  emanating  from  South 
Wales  for  the  Federation  to  join  with 
the  Moscow  International  was  defeated 
by  the  large  majority  of  883  to  IIS 
votes. 

*  *      * 

The  labor  problem  in  France,  gradu- 
ally reaching  an  acute  stage,  is  the  direct 
antithesis  of  that  with  which  Great 
Britain  has  to  cope.  For  in  France  there 
is  no  surplus  of  labor  nor  any  dearth  of 
unemployment.  Lack  of  man-power  is 
the  difficulty  there,  and  no  hope  is  held 
out  for  any  measurable  improvement  of 
the  situation  in  the  near  future. 


Making  a  Man 

Hurry  the  baby  as  fast  as  you  can, 
Hurry   him,  worry   him,   make   him   a    man. 
Off  with  his  baby-clothes,  get  him  in  pants, 
Peed  him  on  brain-foods  and  make  him  advance. 
Hustle  him,  soon   as  he's  able  to  walk. 
Into  a  grammar  school  ;  cram  him  with  talk, 
Fill  his  poor  head  full  of  figures  and  facts, 
Keep  on  a-jamming  them  in  till  it  cracks. 
Once  boys  grew  up  at  a  rational  rate. 
Now  we  develop  a   man   while   you   wait. 
Rush   him  through  college,  compel  him  to  grab 
Of  every  known   subject  a   dip  and  a  dab. 
Get  him  in  business  and  after  the  cash. 
All    by   the  time   be   can   grow  a    mustache. 
Let  him  forget   lie  was  ever  a  boy, 
Make  .'.old   hi-  god   and  its  jingle  his  joy. 
Keep  him  a-hustling  and  clear  out  of  breath, 
Until  he  wins — nervous  prostration  and  death. 

— Exchange. 


"It's  union  made  but  does  not  bear 
the  Label"  is  a  catch  phrase  which 
should  not  mislead  trade  unionists  when 
making  purchases.  Demand  the  Union 
Label. 


Craft  Probloms 


SEVEN  PROBLEMS  FOR  PRACTICE  IN  FRAMING  ROOFS 
OF  EQUAL  PITCH 

(By  Richard  M.  Van  Gaasbeek. ) 

(School  of  Science  and  Technology,  Pratt  Institute,  Brooklyn,  X.  Y.) 

(Reprint  From  "A  Practical  Course  in  Roof  Framing; 
T.  J.  Drake  &  Co.,  Publishers,  Chicago,  HI.) 

(Continued  From  September  Issue.) 


Set  the  fence  and  square  at  7  5-12  in. 
rise  on  the  tongue  and  12  in.  run  on  the 
blade.  Mark  on  the  tongue  for  all  plumb 
cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all  level  cuts. 
Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the  top 
edge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  and  produce 
the  facia  or  first  plumb  line  to  the  ex- 
treme left,  A.  Fig.  30.  Slide  the  fence 
to  the  right  and  measure  on  a  level  line 
from  facia  line  A,  the  run  of  hip  F, 
12  8-12  in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  M, 
the  extreme  length  to  the  center  line  of 
ridge  P.  From  this  length  deduct  the 
distance    M-N,    Fig.     27,    and    produce 


plumb  line  X.  Fig.  30.  Square  this  line 
across  the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  and 
locate  the  center  point.  To  lay  out  the 
top  cut  so  that  the  hip  will  fit  against 
the  side  of  ridge  P,  lay  in  a  section  of 
the  hip,  full  size  as  shown  in  Fig.  27. 
At  the  point  where  the  outside  edge  of 
the  hip  intersects  the  outside  edge  of 
ridge  P,  square  a  line  across  at  right 
angles  to  the  center  line  until  it  inter- 
sects the  center  line  as  at  O,  Fig.  28. 


Measure  forward  on  a  level  line  from 
plumb  line  X.  Fig.  30.  the  distance  X-O. 
Fig.  27.  and  produce  plumb  line  O,  Fig. 
30.  Connect  plumb  line  O  through  the 
center  line  on  the  top  edge,  as  at  3.  top 
view,  Fig.  30.  To  complete  the  lower 
end  of  the  rafter,  measure  in  on  a  level 
line  from  facia  line  A.  the  diagonal  dis- 
tance of  the  projection.  A-B,  Fig.  29,> 
3  %-12  in.,  and  produce  wall  line  B, 
Fig.  30.  To  make  a  fit  against  the  side 
of  the  plate  at  the  proper  angle,  lay  in  a 
section  of  the  hip  as  shown  in  Fig.  29. 
At  the  point  where  the  outside  edge  of 
the  hip  intersects  the  wall  line,  square 
a  line  across  at  right  angles  to  the  center 
line  until  it  intersects  the  center  line,  as 
at  T,  Fig.  29.  Measure  forward  on  the 
side  of  the  hip  from  wall  line  B.  the  dis- 
tance T-B,  Fig.  29.  and  produce  plumb 
line  T,  Fig.  30.  Square  wall  line  B 
across  the  bottom  edge  of  the  rafter  and 
locate  the  center  point  and  connect 
plumb  line  T  through  this  center  point, 
as  shown  at  6,  bottom  view,  Fig.  30. 

Measure  down  on  facia  line  A  from 
the  top  edge  of  the  rafter  %  in.,  the 
width  of  the  facia  and  locate  plancher 
level  F.  Measure  up  from  plancher  level 
F,  1%  in.,  locating  plate  level  G.  To 
make  the  return  on  the  facia  line,  lay  in 
a  section  of  the  hip  full  size,  as  shown 
in  Fig.  29.  Where  the  outside  edges  of 
the  hip  intersect  the  facia  line,  draw 
lines  across  at  right  angles  to  the  center 
line  until  they  intersect  the  center  line, 
as  at  R  and  S.  On  side  A  of  the  rafter 
measure  back  the  distance  A-R,  Fig.  29, 
and  produce  plumb  line  R,  Fig.  30.  On 
side  B,  measure  back  the  distance  A-S, 
Fig.  29,  and  produce  plumb  line  S,  Fig. 


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42 


THE    CARPENTER 


30.  Connect  these  two  plumb  lines  with 
the  center  point  on  the  facia  line  on  the 
top  edge,  as  shown  at  4  and  5,  top  view, 
Fig.  30.  Out  on  plumb  line  R  and  bevel 
4  and  plumb  line  S  and  bevel  5  for  the 
facia,  on  line  T  and  G  and  bevel  6  for 
the  birdsmouth  and  on  jjlumb  line  O  and 
top  cut  3  for  the  fit  against  ridge  P. 

To  Back  Hip  P. — Produce  a  level  line 
on  either  side  of  the  rafter.     On  side  A 


on  the  plan  from  the  intersection  of  hip 
K  and  valley  J  and  the  intersection  of 
ridges  N  and  C,  as  shown  in  the  section 
M  to  R,  Fig.  31,  or  10  ft.  1  in.  Next 
determine  the  rise  in  inches  per  foot  of 
run.  The  extreme  height  of  the  hip  is 
determined  by  the  run  of  common  raf-. 
ter  No.  70. 

Run  of  common  rafter  No.  70  equals 
20  ft.  0  in. 


from  the  top  edge  on  this  level  line,  point 
off  the  distance  A-R,  Fig.  29,  as  shown 
at  1,  Fig.  30.  On  side  B,  from  the  top 
edge  on  this  level  line,  point  off  the  dis- 
tance A-S,  Fig.  29,  as  shown  at  2,  Fig. 
30.  Gauge  a  line  through  the  points  1 
and  2,  on  either  side  of  the  rafter  and 
also  through  the  center  on  the  top  edge. 
Remove  the  corner  between  these  lines 
as  shown  in  the  end  view,  Fig.  30. 
To  Lay  Out  Hip  I, — Measure  the  run 


Rise  9  in.  in  1  ft.  9 

Total  rise  180  in. 

The  height  of  the  lower  end  of  the  hip 
is  determined  by  the  extreme  height  of 
valley  J.  Project  a  line  on  the  plan 
parallel  with  ridge  Q  from  the  intersec- 
tion of  hip  K,  valley  J  and  hip  I,  as 
shown  in  Fig.  31.  Measure  the  run  from 
this  line  to  the  facia  line,  as  H  to  J,  or 
10  ft.  6  in.     Multiply  this  run  by  9  in, 


THE    CARPENTER 


43 


rise  in  1  ft.,  will  give  the  height  of  the 
lower  end  of  hip  I,  or  94  %  in. 

Extreme  height  of  hip  I  equals  180  in. 
Lower  height  of  hip  I  equals  94%  in. 
Height  of  hip  I  rises  in  its  run  85% 
in. 

Rise  in  inches 

equal   srise   in   inches 

Rise  in  feet 
5% 

per  foot,  or in. 

12 

1  171 

85%     divided    by    10 — ■    equals    ■ 

12  2 

121  171     12 

divided   by equals   x equals 

12  2    121 

5% 

8 in.,  rise  in  inches  per  foot. 

12 

5% 

Set  the  fence  and  square  at  8 in. 

12 
on  the  tongue  and  12  in.  on  the  blade. 
Mark  on  the  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts 
and  on  the  blade  for  all  level  cuts.  Press 
the  fence  firmly  against  the  top  edge  of 
the  stock  to  be  used  and  produce  the 
first  plumb  line  M,  Fig.  32,  to  the  ex- 
treme right.     Slide  the  fence  to  the  left 


and  measure  on  a  level  line  from  plumb 
line  M,  the  run  of  hip  I,  or  10  1-12  in. 
and  produce  plumb  line  R,  the  extreme 
length  to  the  intersection  of  ridges  N 
and  O. 

From  this  length  deduct  the  distance 
R-W,  Fig.  31,  and  produce  plumb  line 
W,  Fig.  32.  Square  this  line  across  the 
top  edge  and  locate  the  center  point. 
To  lay  out  the  top  cut  so  that  the  hip 
will  fit  against  the  sides  of  ridges  N  and 
O,  lay  in  a  section  of  the  hip,  full  size, 
as  shown  in  Fig.  31.     At  the  point  where 


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44 


THE     CARPENTER 


the  outside  edge  of  hip  I  intersects  ridge 
O,  square  a  line  across  at  right  angles 
until  it  intersects  the  center  line,  as  at 
V.  Likewise  sqare  a  line  across  at  right 
angles  to  the  center  line  from  the  point 
W  until  it  intersects  the  outside  edge  of 
the  rafter,  as  at  X.  On  side  B  measure 
forward  on  a  level  line  from  plumb  line 
W,  Fig.  32,  the  distance  W-V,  Fig.  31, 
and  produce  plumb  line  U,  Fig.  32.  On 
side  A  measure  back  on  a  level  line  from 
plumb   line   W,    the   distance   X-Y,    Fig. 

31,  and  produce  plumb  line  Y,  Fig.  32. 

Connect  plumb  line  Y  with  the  center 
point  on  the  top  edge,  as  at  4.  Connect 
plumb  line  U  with  the  center  point  on 
the  top  edge,  as  at  5,  top  view,  Fig.  32. 
To  complete  the  lower  end  of  the  rafter, 
first  determine  the  top  cut  by  drawing  in 
a  section  of  the  hip  full  size,  as  shown 
in  Fig.  31.  Where  the  outside  edge  of 
the  hip  intersects  hip  K,  square  a  line 
across  at  right  angles  to  the  center  line 
until  it  intersects  the  center  line,  as  at 
O.  Measure  back  on  a  level  line  from 
plumb  line  M,  Fig.  32,  the  distance  M-N, 
Fig.  31,  and  produce  plumb  line  N,  Fig. 

32.  Square  this  line  across  the  top  edge 
of  the  rafter  and  locate  the  center  point. 
Measure  in  from  plumb  line  N  the  dis- 
tance N-O,  Fig.  31,  and  produce  plumb 
line  O,  Fig.  32,  Connect  plumb  line  O 
through  the  center  point  on  the  top  edge, 
as  shown  at  3,  Fig.  32.  Cut  on  plumb 
line  O  and  bevel  3  for  the  fit  against  the 
side  of  hip  K  and  on  plumb  line  U  and 
top  cut  52  for  the  fit  against  the  side  of 
ridge  O  and  on  plumb  line  X  and  top 
cut  4  for  the  fit  against  the  side  of 
ridge  O. 

To  Back  Hip  I. — Produce  a  level  line 
on  either  side  of  the  rafter.  On  side  A, 
from  the  top  edge  on  the  level  line,  point 
off  the  distance  X-Y,  Fig.  31,  as  shown 
at  2,  Fig.  32.  On  side  B,  from  the  top 
edge  on  this  level  line,  point  off  the  dis- 
tance V-W,  Fig.  31,  as  shown  at  1,  Fig. 
32.  Gauge  a  line  through  the  points  1 
and  2,  on  either  side  of  the  hip  and  also 
through  the  center  on  the  top  edge.  Re- 
move the  corner  between  these  lines,  as 
shown  in  the  end  view,  Fig.  32,. 

To  Lay  Out  Valley  J. — Measure  the 
run  on  the  plan  from  the  facia  line  to, 
the  intersection  of  hips  I  and  K,  A-M, 
Fig.  31,  or  11  ft.  10  in.  Next  determine 
the  rise  in  inches  per  foot.  The  total 
height  of  valley  J  was  determined  in  lay- 
ing out  the  preceding  hip  I,  which  was 
found  to  be  94%  in. 


Rise  in  feet 


equals    rise    in    inches 


Rise  in  inches 
per  foot,  or  8  in. 

10                       1.  9 
94%     divided    by     11 —    equals     

12  -2 

142  189  12 
divided   by   equals   x equals 

12  2     142 

8  in.  rise  in  inches  per  foot. 

Set  the  fence  and  square  at  8  in.  rise 
on  the  tongue  and  12  in.  run  on  the 
blade.  Mark  on  the. tongue  for  all  plumb 
cuts  and  on  the  blade  for  all  level  cuts. 
Press  the  fence  firmly  against  the  top 
edge  of  the  stock  to  be  used  and  produce 
the  first  plumb  line  to  the  extreme  right 
or  facia  line  A,  Fig.  33.  Slide  the  fence 
to  the  left  and  measure  on  a  level  line 
from  facia  line  A,  the  run  of  valley  J,  or 

10 
11 —  in.,  and  produce  plumb  line  M  the 

12 
extreme  length  to  the  center  of  hip  K. 
From    this    length    deduct    the    distance' 
M-N,    Fig.    31,    and   produce  plumb   line 
X.   Fig.   33.      To  lay  out  the  top  cut  so 


that  the  valley  will  fit  against  the  side 
of  hip  K,  lay  in  a  section  of  the  valley 
full  size,  as  shown  in  Fig.  31.  At  the 
point  where  the  outside  edge  of  the  val- 
ley intersects  the  outside  edge  of  hip  K,. 
square  a  line  across  at  right  angles  to- 
the  center  line  until  it  intersects  the' 
center  line,  as  at  O,  Fig.  31.  Measure 
forward  on  a  level  line  from  plumb  line 
N,  Fig.  33,  the  distance  N-O,  Fig.  31,. 
and  produce  plumb  line  O,  Fig.  33. 
Square  plumb  line  N  across  the  top  edge- 
of  the  rafter  and  locate  the  center.  Con- 
nect plumb  line  O  through  this  center 
point  on  the  top  edge,   as  shown  at  2r 


THE    CARPENTER 


45 


op  view,  Fig.  33.  To  complete  the  ure  down  on  facia  line  A  from  the  top 
ower  end  of  the  valley,  measure  in  on  edge  of  the  rafter,  %  in.,  the  width  of 
i  level  line  from  facia  line  A,  the  dias-      the  facia,  and  produce  plancher  level  !•'. 


Fig.  34 

nal  distance  of  the  projection  A-B,   or      Measure  up  from  plancher  level  F,   1% 
9%  in.,  and  locate  plate  level  G.     To  make 

in.,  and  produce  wall  line  B.    Meas-      the  return  on  the  facia  line  and  to  de- 

12  termine  the  distance  to  advance  the  wall 


Fig.  35 


46 


THE     CARPENTER 


line,  lay  in  a  section  of  the  valley  full 
size,  as  shown  in  Fig.  31.  Where  the 
outside  edge  of  the  valley  intersects  the 
plate,  square  a  line  across  at  right  angles 
to  the  center  line  until  it  intersects  the 
center  line,  as  at  T,  Fig.  31. 

Also  square  a  line  across  from  facia 
line  A-W  at  right  angles  to  the  center 
line  until  it  intersects  the  outside  edge 
of  the  valley.  To  advance  the  wall  line 
to  avoid  notching  into  the  crotch  of  the 
building,  measure  forward  the  distance 
B-T,  Fig.  31,  from  plumb  line  B,  and 
produce  plumb  line  T.  Fig.  33.  To  make 
the  return  on  the  facia  line,  square  facia 
line  A  across  the  top  edge  and  locate  the 
center  point.  From  plumb  line  A  meas- 
ure forward  the  distance  A-S,  Fig.  31, 
and  produce  plumb  line  S,  Fig.  33.  Con- 
nect plumb  line  S  on  either  side  of  the 
valley  with  the  facia  line  on  the  center 
point  on   the  top  edge,   as  shown  at  1. 


Fig.  33.  Cut  on  plumb  line  S  and  top 
cut  1  for  the  facia,  on  line  T  and  line  G 
for  the  birdsmouth  and  plumb  line  G  and 
top  cut  2  for  the  fit  against  hip  K. 

To  Assemble  the  Roof. — Assemble  the 
rafters  as  shown  in  the  elevations,  Figs. 
34  and  35.  Set  up  hips  A  and  C  first. 
Then  ridge  W,  supported  by  a  pair  of 
No.  14  common  rafters.  Then  valley  B 
and  ridge  L,  supported  by  a  pair  of  No. 
1  common  rafters.  Then  hips  F  and  G 
and  ridge  P,  supported  by  a  pair  of  Xo. 
33  common  rafters  and  the  hip  E,  notic- 
ing that  hips  E  and  F  do  not  intersect 
the  corner  of  the  building,  because  they 
do  not  cross  the  plate  at  an  angle  of  45 
degrees.  They  must  intersect  on  the 
facia  line.  Then  valley  D,  ridges  X  and 
O,  and  lastly  valleys  X,  J,  and  K,  and 
hip  I  and  ridge  Q.  supported  by  a  pair  of 
Xo.  59  common  rafters. 


RUNS  AND  LENGTHS  OF  RAFTERS  USED  IN  FRAMING 
PROBLEM  NO.  7—%   PITCH 


Xo.  of    ! 

Quantity  of 

Rafters 

Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

1 

10 

12' 

6" 

15' 

7y2" 

Common  rafters 

2 

1 

12' 

6" 

15' 

7y2" 

Jack  rafters 

3 

1. 

10' 

6" 

13' 

iy2" 

M                         it 

4 

1  pair 

8' 

6" 

10' 

7y»" 

(i                        tt 

5 

1    " 

6' 

6" 

8' 

iy 

6 

1    " 

4' 

6" 

5' 

7  li- 

it                        ii 

7 

1    " 

2' 

6" 

0 

iy." 

if                        i. 

8 

1 

5' 

0" 

6' 

3" 

Cripple  rafters 

9 

1 

9' 

0" 

11' 

3" 

CI                            it 

10 

1 

13' 

0" 

16' 

3" 

tt                   CI 

11 

1 

16' 

0" 

20' 

0" 

Jack  rafters 

12 

1 

18' 

0" 

22' 

6" 

t<           tt 

13 

1 

20' 

0" 

25' 

0" 

it                  a 

14 

13 

20' 

0" 

25' 

0" 

Common  rafters 

15 

1 

15' 

0" 

18' 

9" 

Jack  rafters 

16 

1 

13' 

0" 

16' 

3" 

<<           tt 

17 

1 

11' 

0" 

13' 

9" 

<t           ft 

18 

1  pair 

9' 

0" 

11' 

3" 

U                      (( 

19 

1    " 

7' 

0" 

8' 

9" 

<<                it 

20 

1    " 

5' 

0" 

6' 

3" 

l<               fi 

21 

1    " 

3' 

0" 

3' 

9" 

«(                   u 

22 

1 

5' 

0" 

6' 

3" 

<<                (t 

23 

1 

11' 

0" 

13' 

9" 

Cripple  rafters 

24 

1 

12' 

4y2" 

15' 

5%" 

<«             « 

25 

1 

13' 

9" 

17' 

2%" 

ct             a 

26 

1 

15* 

iy3" 

18' 

10%" 

a             a 

27 

1 

13' 

9" 

17' 

2%" 

Jack  rafters 

28 

1 

13' 

1%" 

16' 

4%" 

it                 a 

29 

1 

12' 

6" 

15' 

7%" 

a                 a 

30 

1 

11' 

10%" 

14' 

10  y8" 

a                 tt 

31 

1 

8' 

iyo" 

10' 

1%" 

Cripple  rafters 

32 

1 

5' 

8" 

V 

i" 

Jack  rafters 

33 

9 

10' 

6" 

13' 

iy2" 

a           << 

34 

1 

9' 

5" 

11' 

9%" 

It                   u 

35 

1 

5' 

9%" 

7' 

2%" 

ii                  a 

36 

1 

2' 

oy2" 

2' 

6%" 

it                 ii 

37 

1 

10' 

7" 

13' 

2%" 

it                 it 

38 

1 

5' 

4" 

6' 

8" 

it                    H 

THE     CARPENTER 


47 


No.  of 

Quantity  of 

Rafters 

Rafters 

Runs 

Lengths 

Kind  of  Rafters 

39 

1 

2' 

3y2" 

•>• 

3  0%" 

II                      il 

40 

1 

5' 

3" 

<;• 

«%" 

If                  II 

41 

1, 

8' 

3" 

10' 

3%" 

•  <                << 

42 

1  pair 

10' 

0" 

12' 

6" 

M                    <( 

'    43 

1    " 

8' 

0" 

10' 

0" 

<<                    tt 

r        44 

1    " 

6' 

0" 

7' 

6" 

it                    n 

45 

1    " 

4' 

0" 

5' 

0" 

<<                II 

46 

1    " 

2' 

0" 

2' 

6" 

it                 a 

47 

1 

lO- 

7y2" 

13' 

3%" 

tt                 11 

48 

1 

ll' 

4" 

14' 

2" 

(1                 u 

49 

1 

12' 

0y2" 

15' 

0%" 

■  1                  << 

50 

1 

12' 

9" 

15' 

11%" 

ti                 it 

51 

1 

13' 

8" 

17' 

1" 

it                 it 

:     52 

1 

12' 

41/2" 

15' 

5%" 

<<                  l< 

sj    53 

54 

1 

11' 

1" 

13' 

10%" 

"                  " 

1 

9' 

9y2" 

12' 

2%" 

tl                 it 

55 

1 

8' 

6" 

10' 

7y2" 

it                 tt 

56 

1 

7' 

2%" 

9' 

oy8" 

i<                 t< 

57 

1 

6' 

0" 

7' 

6" 

it                 «< 

58 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

0" 

it                 tt 

,    59 

4 

13' 

0" 

16' 

3" 

Common  rafters 

60 

1  pair 

9' 

0" 

11' 

3" 

Jack  rafters 

61 

1    " 

7' 

0" 

8' 

9" 

«<           << 

62 

1    " 

5' 

0" 

6' 

3" 

<<           ■< 

63 

1    " 

3' 

0" 

3' 

9" 

a           << 

64 

1    " 

V 

0" 

1' 

5" 

■  <                        M 

1  65 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

0" 

««                        >< 

66 

1 

4' 

iy2" 

5' 

1%" 

Cripple  rafters 

67 

1 

2' 

4" 

2' 

11" 

"             " 

68 

1 

7' 

9" 

9' 

8%" 

a                 tt 

69 

1 

17' 

0" 

21' 

3" 

Jack  rafters 

70 

5 

20' 

0" 

25' 

0". 

"           " 

71 

1 

19' 

0" 

23' 

9" 

<<           11 

72 

1 

17' 

0" 

21' 

3" 

a           tt 

73 

1 

15' 

0" 

18' 

9" 

tt           a 

74 

1 

13' 

0" 

16' 

3" 

'i           11 

75 

1 

12' 

0" 

15' 

0" 

11           11 

76 

1 

10' 

0" 

12' 

6" 

<<           n 

77 

1 

8' 

0" 

10' 

0" 

n           11 

78 

1 

6' 

0" 

7' 

6" 

tt           a 

79 

1 

4' 

0" 

5' 

0" 

11                 a 

A 

1 

24' 

9" 

28' 

oy8" 

Part  hip  and  part 

val. 

B 

1 

17' 

sy8" 

20' 

oy8" 

Valley  rafters 

C 

1 

24' 

9" 

28' 

oy8" 

ii            << 

D 

1 

11' 

0" 

13' 

3" 

a            n 

E 

1 

11' 

11" 

14' 

3%" 

Hip  rafters 

F 

1 

12' 

8" 

14' 

11" 

11           11 

G 

1 

14' 

ioy8-' 

16' 

9%" 

11           .. 

H 

1 

16' 

11%" 

19' 

2y2" 

VaRey  rafters 

I 

1 

10' 

1" 

12' 

3y2" 

Hip  rafters 

J 

1 

11' 

10" 

14' 

3" 

Valley  rafters 

K 

1 

14' 

10  y8" 

16' 

o%" 

Part  hip  and  part 

val. 

L 

1 

20' 

6" 

20' 

6" 

Ridge 

M 

1 

24' 

0" 

24' 

0" 

" 

N 

1 

11' 

0" 

11' 

0" 

11 

0 

1 

19' 

0" 

19' 

6" 

a 

P 

1 

11' 

4" 

11' 

4" 

" 

Q 

1 

13' 

0" 

13' 

0" 

a 

Figures  used  on  the  steel  square.-T-Common,  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  9  in.  on 
ongue,  12  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  all 
evel  cuts.  Top  cut  for  jack  and  cripple  rafters,  intersecting  a  hip  or  valley  rafter 
hat  crosses  the  plate  at  an  angle  of  45  degrees,  12  in.  on  tongue,  15  in.  on  blade, 
lark  on  blade  for  top  cut.  Hip  and  yalley  rafters  that  cross  the  plate  at  an  angle 
f  45  degrees,  9  in.  on  tongue,  17  in.  on  blade.     Mark  on  tongue  for  all  plumb  cuts 


43 


THE    CARPENTER 


and  on  blade  for  all  level  cuts.  Top  cut  for  hip  and  vallej-  rafters  that  cross  the  plate 
at  an  angle  of  45  degrees,  8^  in.  on  tongue,  9%  in.  on  blade.  Mark  on  blade  for 
top  cut. 

Valley  D,  8  7-12  in.  on  tongue,  12  in.  on  blade. 
Hip  B,  7  11-12  on  tongue,  12  in.  on  blade. 
Hip  F,  7  5-12  on  tongue,  12  in.  on  blade. 
5% 

Hip  I,  8 on  tongue,  12  in.  on  blade. 

12 
Valley  J,  8  in.  on  tongue,  12  in.  on  blade. 

Mark  on  tongue  for  .all  plumb  cuts  and  on  blade  for  all  level  cuts.     Top  cut  foi 
•alley  D  and  J  and  hips  E,  F  and  I  refer  to  the  text  for  method  of  determining 
=3ie  top  cut. 

(Concluded.) 


SOME  INFORMATION  ABOUT 
LUMBER 

(Collated  By  Owen  B.  Maginnis.) 

General 

In  the  lumber  trade  woods  are  divided 
into  two  general  classes ;  soft  woods  and 
hard  woods.  This  division  is  a  little  con- 
fusing, as  it  is  made  not  necessarily  as 
to  the  hardness  of  the  wood,  but  accord- 
ing to  the  species  of  the  tree.  The  broad 
leaved  trees  are  known  to  the  trade  as 
hard  woods,  and  the  coniferous  (needled 
leaved  trees)  are  known  as  soft  woods. 
Although  poplar,  a  broad-leaved  tree,  is 
soft  like  pine,  and  yew,  a  conifer,  ranks 
high  in  hardness. 

Defects 

Knots,  coarse  grain  and  other  defects, 
may  or  may  not  reduce  the  strength  of 
the  timber,  according  to  their  location 
in  each  piece. 

Season  checks  in  timber  may  or  may 
not  be  a  source  of  slight  weakness  more 
injurious  on  the  vertical  than  on  the 
horizontal  face  of  a  stringer  or  joist, 
and  their  effect  continues  even  after 
they  have  been  closed  up,  as  many  do, 
and  are  no  longer  visible. 

Pine   bled   for   turpentine   is   just   as 
strong  as  pine  unbled. 
Uses 

For  framing  where  light,  stiff  wood  is 
wanted,  the  soft  woods  excel.  Also  when 
heavy,  steady  loads  are  to  be  supported, 
yellow  pine,  spruce,  etc.,  will  answer  as 
well  as  hard  woods,  which  are  costlier 
for  the  same  amount  of  stiffness. 

If  small  dimensions  are  desired  with 
or  when  moving  loads  or  shocks  to  be 
encountered  as  in  farm  machinery,  etc., 
the  hard  woods  should  be  used.  For 
engine  bed  foundations  and  the  wearing 
and  buffetting  pieces  in  heavy  construc- 
tion work,  oak  in  most  cases  is  the  best 
wood.      Heavy    wood    always    surpasses 


■* 


in    strength    light    wood    of    the    sai 
species. 

Different  kinds  of  woods  may  be  use( 
for  the  same  purpose.  For  example,  th 
following  are  suitable  for  inside  finis] 
and  trim  and  can  be  readily  used: 

White  pine,  white  wood,  fir,  cypress 
cedar,  sycamore,  hazel,  spruce  and  Ion. 
leaf  California  redwood,  yellow  pint 
Spruce  and  long  leaf  yellow  pine  are  no 
good  woods  for  outside  trim,  etc.,  a 
spruce  will  show  bad  checks  after  bein 
exposed  for  a  short  time  to  the  weathe 
and  yellow  pine  will  not  take  a  pain 
finish. 

However,  both  these  woods  are  excel 
lent    for    outside    structural    work, 
framing,  etc.,  and  both  are  strong  an 
durable. 

White  Pine 

White  pine  is  a  very  soft,  light  woo 
with  a  close,  straight  grain.  It  is  easil. 
worked,  of  fairly  good  strength  an 
nails  without  splitting.  The  color  of  tb 
heartwood  is  cream  white,  and  the  sari 
wood  is  a  little  lighter  in  color.  It  ha 
been  one  of  the  most  important  and  con 
monly  known  woods  used. 

On  account  of  its  common  usage  an 
waste,  however,  it  has  become  ver 
scarce,  and  consequently  very  expensive 
and  unless  absolutely  needed,  the  high* 
grades  should  never  be  called  for 
ordinary  repair  or  construction  work. 

It  is  specified  in  eleven  grades. 

Cypress   is  undoubtedly   a  very   goc 
wood  to  use  at  the  present  time  for  tr 
etc.,   and  siding,  as  it  is   more   durat 
than  most  woods,  and  the  price  grade 
grade  is  much  lower  than  that  of  oth" 
wood  suitable  for  outside  finish. 

Selection 

The  selection  of  the  kind  and  grac 
of  wood  to  be  used  is  always  very  ir 
portant.  Consideration  should  be  give 
to    the    prominence,    character,    locatic 


THE    CARPENTER 


49 


md  strength  of  the  wood  needed  for 
;  my  work.  It  is  possible  at  times  to  ob- 
;ain  just  as  satisfactory  results  with  a 
?ery  cbeap,  low  grade  of  wood  as  with 
in  expensive,  high  grade. 

Very  often  also  a  higher  g'-ade  of  a 
?heap  wood  can  be  used  to  better  ad- 
rantage  than  a  lower  grade  of  an  ex- 
pensive. 

Knots  No  Objection 
There  is  no  objection  to  using  a  grade 
ijf    lumber    containing    sound,    standard 
'inots  in  work  where  stress  is  negligible, 
such  as  siding,  trim,  casings,  partitions, 
)ut    buildings,    cabinets,    closets,    book- 
stalls,   shelves,    etc.      All    sound    knots 
should  plane  smooth,  and  in  sound  knot- 
ted woods,  if  all  the  knots  are  first  coat- 
iid  with  shellac  and  then  the  whole  piece 
well  painted  with  three  or  four  coats  of 
my  good  paint,  any  appearance  of  knots 
will    be    obliterated    and    the    Work    in 
which  they  are  placed  will  look  as  well 
knd   last    as    long.      Different    kinds    of 
iwood  may  be  used  for  the  same  purpose. 
'For  example,  the  following  are  suitable 
for  inside   finish   and   trim   and   can  be 
readily  used;  white  pine,  whitewood,  fir, 
'?ypress,    chestnut,    North    Carolina   pine 
and  long  leaf  yellow  pine,  Douglas  fir. 

For  outside  work  woods  that  are  not 
easily  affected  by  the  weather  should  be 
>jsed,  such  as  white  pine,  cypress,  cedar, 
Douglas  fir,  spruce,  and  long  leaf  yellow 
pine.  Spruce  and  long  leaf  yellow  pine 
ire  not  good  woods  for  outside  trim,  etc., 
is  spruce  will  show  warp  and  bad  cracks 
■  after  being  exposed  for  a  short  time  and 
lyellow  pine  will  not  take  a  fine  paint 
■finish.  However,  both  these  woods  are 
'excellent  for  outside  structural  work, 
i2tc,  and  both  are  strong  and  durable  and 
lost  considerably  less  than  if  clear  lum- 
ber be  used. 

Ordering 
Random  widths  should  always  be 
sailed  for  when  ordering  any  kind  of 
■lumber,  except  white  pine,  yellow  pine, 
Sorth  Carolina  pine,  cypress  and  spruce. 
Dealers  stack  the  lumber  in  their 
\  pards  in  this  way ;  consequently,  if  lum- 
ber of  one  width  and  one  length  is  spec- 
ified it  is  necessary  for  the  dealer  to 
sort  over  many  thousand  feet  of  lumber 
co  get  the  required  width  and  lengths, 
md  very  often  he  has  to  send  the  boards 
to  a  mill  and  have  them  ripped  to  get 
the  widths  wanted  as  ordered.  Not  only 
is  the  cost  of  handling  and  the  millwork 
added  to  the  price  of  the  lumber,  but  the 
iepreciation  la  value  of  the  remainder  of 


"Full  Length  Roof  Framer" 

Is  a  book  to  save  the  time  and  brains  of  the  ex- 
perts and  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  un- 
experienced. 

It  is  a  book  containing  230,400  different  sized  »nd 
pitched  roofs.  Each  roof  is  worked  out  compute,  with 
the  length  of  every  rafter  in  feet  and  Inches  and  tlnir 
bevels  for   the  steel  square. 

If  your  roof  is  pitched  it  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
what  size  or  pitch. 

You  can  call  off  the  lengths  and  bevels  for  every 
rafter,  for  any  pitched  roof  as  fast  a3  the  size  of 
building  is  given. 

Experience   or  study  unnecessary. 

We  will  prove  these  remarkable  statements  to  any 
ambitious  carpenter. 

Send  no  money  until  you  receive  the  book.  If  at 
any  time  you  wish  to  return  book,  your  money  will  be 
returned  immediately. 

Four  years  advertising  in  this  magazine  without  a 
•Ingle  complaint  is  our  recommendation.     Price  $1.25. 

A.  Riechers,  Publisher 

Palo  Alto,  California 


Reader  Takes  Newer 
Form  of  Iron — Feels 
Years  Younger 

"Six  weeks  ago  I  saw  a  special  offer  in 
the  paper  telling  how  thousands  of  peo- 
ple grow  old  in  looks  and  energy  long  be- 
fore they  are  really  old  in  years,  because, 
as  examinations  by  physicians  have 
shown,  an  enermous  number  of  people 
do  not  have  enough  iron  in  their  blood. 
I  have  been  taking  the  newer  form  of 
iron  known  as  Nuxated  Iron  for  two 
weeks;  the  results  are  simply  astound- 
ing. The  roses  have  come  back  in  my  lips 
and  cheeks,  and  I  can  conscientiously 
say  that  I  feel  ten  years  younger." 

The  above  is  a  typical  hypothetical  case 
showing  the  results  that  have  been 
achieved  by  a  great  many  people  since 
we  started  this  "satisfaction  or  money 
back"  offer  on  Nuxated  Iron.  We  will 
make  you  the  same  guarantee.  If,  after 
taking  the  two  weeks'  treatment  of  Nux- 
ated Iron,  you  do  not  feel  and  look  years 
younger,  we  will  promptly  refund  your 
money.     For  sale  by  all  druggists. 

GREAT  NEW  OFFER 


Those    Who    Use    Them    Are    Satisfied 


FREE 


TRIAL 


Let  us  send  this  fine  Razor  for  30  days  free  trial .  When  sat- 
isfied after  using,  send  $1.85  or  return  razor.  OHt  Today. 
JONES  MFG.  CO.  160  N.Wells  St.  Dept.  1002  Chicago 

—  i 

the  lumber  dealer's  stock,  together  with 
the  cost  of  any  waste  pieces  made  by 
ripping,  which  the  buyer  does  not  get  is 
also  added. 

Therefore,  unless  a  great  many  pieces 
of  one  size  are  to  be  used  without  cut- 
ting, specified  sizes  other  than  those  in- 


30 


THE     CARPENTER 


eluded  in  the  respective  grades,  should 
not  be  called  for. 

Wide  boards  cost  more  than  narrow 
boards  in  the  same  grade.  Uppers  is  the 
highest  or  best  grade  of  white  pine  and 
should  be  called  for  only  for  use  in 
pattern  and  bench  work  and  under  spe- 
cial conditions  for  fine  dressers,  cabinets 
or  table  tops,  where  it  is  essential  to 
have  a  clear  piece  of  soft,  white  wood.  It 
should  not  be  used  for  interior  finish 
or  exterior  trim,  flooring  etc.,  as  there 
are  cheaper  woods  which  are  more  ser- 
viceable. 

Selects,  fine,  common  and  No.  1  barn 
cuts  are  all  of  a  grade  which  are  sup- 
posed to  work  clear  and  should  be  called 
for  only  as  to  be  used  as  recommended 
as  in  uppers. 

Dressing  and  shelving  is  recommend- 
ed for  bookcases,  shelves,  cabinets,  etc., 
and  is  an  excellent  grade  of  lumber  for 
this  purpose. 

No.  1  barn  is  a  very  good,  serviceable 
and  strong  grade,  and  can  be  used  for 
almost  any  purpose  where  a  natural 
wood  finish  is  not  required. 

Locust 

Locust  is  a  very  hard,  strong,  tough, 
heavy  wood.  The  heartwood  is  brown 
with  shades  of  red  and  green  and  the 
sap-wood  is  yellowish  in  color.  It  is 
recommended  where  durability  under  ex- 
posure is  essential  as  it  gets  harder  with 
age.  It  is  principally  used  for  posts  of 
various  kinds  and  is  often  hard  to  obtain. 
White  Cedar 

White  cedar  is  an  even,  fine  grained 
wood,  of  compact  structure.  The  heart- 
wood  is  light  brown  which  becomes 
darker  after  exposure  to  the  weather 
and  the  sap-wood  is  nearly  white  in 
color.  It  is  soft,  light  and  expremely 
durable,  but  has  no  great  strength.  It 
is  used  for  poles,  posts,  fencing,  shin- 
gles, boats  and  tanks.  The  grade  of 
rough  edge  or  flitch  sawed  is  recom- 
mended for  boat  stock. 

Washington  Cedar 

Washington  cedar  is  a  very  close 
grained  light  wood,  varying  from  soft  to 
hard,  durable,  easily  worked,  fragrant 
and  resinous.  It  splits  easily  and  is 
quite  brittle.  The  heart-wood  is  light 
yellow  to  almost  white  and  the  sap-wood 
is  hardly  distinguishable  in  color.  It  is 
used  for  interior  finish  and  for  ship- 
building. The  grade  of  No.  1  and  No.  2, 
clear  is  recommended  for  fine  finish  and 
trim  in  show-cases^  etc.     It  is  used  for 


beveled  siding  and  also  for  cedar  closets 
chests,  etc. 

White  Ash 

White  ash  is  a  heavy,  hard,  strong 
stiff,  quite  tough  and  more  or  less  coars 
grained  wood.  The  heart-wood  is  ligb 
reddish  brown  and  the  sap-wood  is  al 
most  white  in  color.  It  is  rough  on  spli 
surfaces,  coarse  in  texture,  shrinks  mod 
erately,  seasons  with  little  injury,  stand 
well  and  takes  a  good  polish,  but  is  no 
durable  when  in  contact  with  the  soil.  I 
is  used  for  finishing  lumber  in  ship 
building,  also  in  the  manufacture  of  cars  J 
wagons,  carriages,  farm  implement- 
farm  machinery,  and  in  furniture  of  al 
kinds.  It  is  recommended  for  use  ii 
the  manufacture  and  repairing  of  car 
riages,  wagons  and  for  the  making  o 
implement  and  tool  handles,  crutches 
ladder  rungs,  apparatus  poles,  etc.  I 
may  also  be  used  for  panels  and  base 
boards. 

Hard  Maple 

Hard  maple  is  a  heavy,  hard,  strong 
stiff,  and  tough  wood  of  fine  texture,  fre 
quently  of  a  wavy  grain  which  produce: 
a  "curly"  and  "blister"  figure.  It  is  noi] 
durable  when  exposed  to  the  weathe") 
and  when  in  contact  with  the  soil.  ?\ 
is  creamy  white  in  color  with  shades  oi 
light  brown  in  the  heart-wood.  i'ht 
heart- wood  and  the  sap-wood  are  hardh 
distinguishable,  but  the  creamy  whit( 
sap-wood  is  the  most  desirable  for  fine 
work.  It  takes  a  high  polish  and  is  used 
for  fine  ceiling,  flooring,  panneling  anc 
stair-way  work.  It  is  also  used  ex- 
tensively in  house  and  car  construction. 
in  the  manufacture  of  furniture,  shoe- 
lasts,  block  forms,  shoe-pegs,  piano  ac- 
tions, school  apparatus,  wood  type,  tool 
handles,  wood  carving  and  in  turnery 
and  scroll  work. 

Maple  Flooring 

Maple  flooring  is  recommended  for 
use  wherever  a  hard  wood  floor  is  neces- 
sary and  light  color  is  not  an  objection. 
It  is  serviceable  and  can  be  used  with 
confidence,  except  where  it  would  be 
exposed  to  dampness  or  to  the  weather. 
The  quality  grades  specified  correspond 
almost  exactly  to  those  for  oak  flooring 
and  similar  rules  for  their  use  should  be 
observed. 

Beech 

Beech  is  a  hard,  tough,  strong  wood 
but  is  not  particularly  durable.  The 
heart-wood  is  a  variable  reddish  brown 
shade    and    the    sap-wood    is    white   in 


*T\  -      • 


THE    CARPENTER 


51 


•color.  It  takes  a  fine  polish  and  is  used 
in  the  manufacture  of  furniture  and  by 
bench  carpenters.     It  is  also  extensively 

I  used  for  making  broom-blocks,  handles, 
shoe  lasts,  etc. 

Birch 

Birch  is  a  hard,  tough  wood,  but  not 
particularly  durable.  The  heart-wood  is 
brown  tinged  with  red  and  the  sap-wood 
is  nearly  white  in  color.  It  takes  a  fine 
polish  and  is  used  for  the  same  purpose 
as  beech. 

Hickory 

Hickory  is  very  heavy,  hard,  strong 
and  proverbially  tough  wood  with  a 
course  straight  grain.  The  sap-wood  is 
white  and  the  heart  is  a  reddish  nut- 
brown.  It  is  almost  impossible  to  make 
a  clean  break  across  the  grain,  the  fibres 
holding,  and  only  tearing  apart.  It  is 
not  durable  in  the  ground  or  if  exposed. 
Hickory  is  recommended  for  carriages 
and  wagon  stock,  in  which  it  excels,  and 
also  for  the  uses  mentioned  for  ash.  ITor 
general  repair  and  shop  work,  when  the 
wood  is  to  be  cut  up  for  repairs,  etc., 
the  rough  edge  or  flitch  sawed  grade 
should  be  called  for.  The  hard,  tough, 
Eastern  Hickory  is  almost  impossible  to 
obtain  in  wide,  clear,  long  boards.  When 
such  lumber  is  called  for  a  Western 
Hickory  is  furnished,  which  is  not  very 
strong,  hard  or  tough  and  consequently 
not  good  for  the  purpose  to  which  Hick- 
ory is  usually  put. 

Chestnut 

Chestnut  is  a  course  grained  wood  of 
no   great  strength.      The  heart-wood   is 
brown   and   the   sap-wood   is   lighter  in 
j  color.     It  takes   a   fine  finish  and  is   a 
[handsome  material  for  inside  finish  and 
jtrim  work  and  is  largely  used  for  special 
I  interior  work.     It  also  makes  very  dura- 
Ible  posts,  railroad  ties,  telegraph  posts, 
i  etc.      The   wormy    grade  is   not   as   its 
jaame    would    seem    to    imply,    by    any 
i  means  a  useless  grade.     The  lumber  is 
|  sound,  with  the  exception  that  small  fine 
I  worm  holes  are  scattered  throughout  the 
pieces.     These  worm  holes   do  not  ma- 
I  :erially  affect  the  strength  of  the  lumber, 
Uthough  they  do  seriously  impair  its  ap- 
pearance.   The  wormy  grade  can  be  used 
tor  sills,  surveyors  stakes,  etc. 
Black  Walnut. 
Black  walnut  is  a  heavy,  strong,  hard 
vood   of   slightly   coarse   texture.      The 
sap-wood  is  whitish  and  the  heart-wood 
s  dark  chocolate  brown.     It  works  and 
stands  well,  and  takes  a  very  good  pol- 


ish, is  handsome  and  was  for  a  long  time 
the  favorite  cabinet  wood  in  this  coun- 
try. Walnut  is  used  for  inside  finish, 
cabinet  work,  pedestals,  show  plates,  etc. 
Cherry 

Cherry  is  a  strong,  hard  wood  with  a 
fine  texture  and  a  handsome  grain.  The 
heart-wood  is  reddish  brown  and  the 
sap-wood  is  yellowish  white  in  color.  It 
works  easily,  stands  well  and  takes  a 
fine  finish  and  good  polish.  It  is  chiefly 
used  for  decorative  lumber  for  building, 
for  interior  of  cars,  boats  and  in  the 
manufacture  of  furniture.  It  is  cheap- 
er than  either  mahogany  or  black  wal- 
nut and  can  be  used  to  good  advantage 
for  fine  cabinet  and  similiar  work. 
Mahogany 

Mahogany  is  a  heavy,  hard  wood  with 
a  fine  texture  and  a  handsome  grain. 
The  heart-wood  is  a  rich  reddish  brown 
and  the  sap-wood  is  lighter  in  color.  It 
takes  a  fine  finish  and  high  polish  and 
is  chiefly  used  for  expensive  finish  and 
trim  for  furniture,  show-cases,  cabinets, 
etc. 

African  mahogany  will  run  wide  and 
contain  a  good  percentage  of  figured 
stock.  It  is  used  extensively  and  is 
suitable  for  any  kind  of  trim  or  cabinet 
work. 

Mexican  mahogany  does  not  run  quite 
as  wide  as  the  African.  The  texture  is 
better,  the  grain  is  clear,  the  wood  is  a 
little  softer  and  it  has  a  better  color  than 
African  wood,  but  does  not  contain  fig- 
ured stock. 

Honduras  or  Nicaragian  mahogany  is 
about  the  same  as  Mexican. 

Cuban  mahogany  is  much  harder  than 
the  African  or  Mexican.  The  lumber 
will  not  run  as  wide  but  it  wears  and 
finishes  much  better  and  it  will  take  a 
higher  polish.  It  contains  as  much  fig- 
ure as  the  Mexican  does.  This  mahog- 
any is  only  used  for  the  highest  class 
of  furniture  and  trim. 

San  Domingo  mahogany  is  practically 
unobtainable,  as  the  exports  are  so  small 
that,  for  commercial  purposes  it  is  out 
of  market  at  present.  All  the  original 
growth  on  the  island  has  been  cut  and 
the  timber  that  comes  into  New  York  is 
second  growth  and  vex\v  small.  The  fig- 
ure and  quality  of  the  San  Domingo  ma- 
hogany has  always  been  better  than  tiny 
of  the  others. 

East  India  mahogany,  sometimes 
known  as  Vermillion  wood,  is  darker 
redder  and  contains  more   figures   than 


52 


THE     CARPENTER 


any  other  mahogany.  It  is  little  more 
expensive  and  is  used  exclusively  for 
high  cia.ss  work. 

Sycamore 

Sycamore  is  a  heavy,  hard  wood,  diff- 
icult to  work  and  with  no  great  strengh. 
The  heart-wood  is  reddish  brown  and 
the  sap-wood  lighter  in  color.  It  is  close 
grained  and  compact  in  structure,  with 
conspicious  satiny  medullary  rays.  It 
is  used  in  cabinet  work  and  for  butchers 
blocks,  ox-yoke  decorative  panels,  ped- 
estals, etc. 


Pitches 

(By  Dwight  L.    Stoddard) 

When  a  boy  my  first  carpenter  work 
was  in  the  country  and  the  farmers 
wanted  their  roofs  somewhere  between 
1-3  and  1-2  pitch  and  the  first  roof  I 
ever  remember  help  framing  was  10  1-2 
inch  rise  to  the  foot  which  was  a  rather 
common  pitch  for  that  locality  and  for 
farm  buildings,  though  as  I  went  West 
I  framed  several  1-3  pitched  hip  roofs 
but  for  years  90%of  not  only  the  work 
I  did  but  all  the  rest  as  well  was  1-2 
pitch,  occasionally  a  steeper  roof,  in  fact 
the  demand  for  years  all  over  the  coun- 
try was  for  steep  roofs  and  for  general 
roof  for  wood  shingles  I  do  not  believe 
there  is  anything  better  than  1-2  pitch. 
but  as  styles  and  customs  change,  and 
the  California  bungalow  became  the 
building  of  the  day.  we  seldom  see  the 
grand  old  half  pitch  roof  built  any  more 
in  any  part  of  the  country,  while  in  the 
past  1-3  or  1-2  or  somewhere  between 
were  the  pitches  used  but  the  day  of  the 
bung-alow  has  changed  until  we  have  no 
standard  pitches  as  much  as  we  used  to. 
Yes.  we  used  to  see  hundreds  of  houses 
all  1-2  pitch  roofs,  but  today  we  may  set- 
hundreds  of  bungalows  all  with  similar 
roof,  yet  they  are  not  all  exactly  of  the 
same  pitch. 

Years  ago  there  was  some  dispute  a- 
bout  pitches,  some  claiming  1-2  pitch 
should  be  called  full  pitch  as  it  rises  just 
as  much  as  it  runs,  but  as  the  heigh th 
was  only  one-half  the  width  of  the  build- 
ing for  gable  roofs  and  most  of  them 
were  gable  roofs,  the  1-2  seemed  to  win 
and  it  matters  not  who  was  right  in  es- 
tablishing the  pitch,  it  now  by  all  best 
authorities  seems  to  be  permanently  es- 
tablished and  we  might  all  all  just  as 
well  be  satisfied  with  it. 


All  my  years  of  roofing,  as  well  as 
perhaps  millions  of  years  that  man  has 
had  some  kind  of  shelter  and  possible 
95%  of  all  have  been  1-2  pitch  or  less. 
yet  nevertheless  there  are  many  times 
there  are  roofs  or  parts  of  roofs  that  are 
much  steeper,  and  they  are  not  all 
church  steeples,  either. 

Xow.  while  the  average  carpenter  un 
derstands  pretty  well  about  the  ordinary 
roof,   there  is  such  a  great  demand  for 
more    information    about    steeper    roofs 


-^1" ":  "*    '"'     r.    :     s 


that  I  have  been  to  the  trouble  to  get 
out  this  cut  so  they  can  more  fully  un- 
derstand it.  Xow.  while  I  have  known 
all  that  I  illustrate  here  for  years,  as 
most  of  the  other  carpenters  I  suppose. 
yet  one  would  hardly  realize  the  time 
it  took  me  to  make  this  illustration,  for 
although  I  knew  it  was  right,  but  before 
I  made  it  I  tried  it  out  with  my  square 
and  hundred  foot  steel  tape  and  with 
my  line  got  all  these  pitches,  and  then 
again  to  be  sure.  I  figured  them  up  to 


r  H  E     CARPENTER 


see  that  there  was  no  mistakes,  yet  1 
made  some  mistakes  at  first  by  putting 
down  the  figures  wrong,  however,  I  trust 
I  at  last  have  them  all  correct.  If  there 
is  still  a  mistake  in  any  one  of  them  I 
assure  you  it  is  not  because  I  did  not  try 
to  get  them  right,  the  drawing  of  the 
lines,  while  quite  accurate,  though  where 
they  are  even  a  thousandth  of  an  inch 
out  of  the  way  will  show,  however,  as 
it  was  drawn  by  a  poor  old  carpenter,  I 
trust  you  will  overlook  it  and  will  real- 
ize I  done  the  best  I  could  under  the  cir- 
cumstances. 

Now,  you  will  note  that  1-2  pitch  is 
exactly  45  degrees,  and  that  by  taking 
12  on  the  square,  which  is  1  ft.  of  run, 
that  one  full  pitch  is  the  whole  length 
of  the  square  24",  or  two  feet  (2'), 
therefore,  as  one  full  pitch  is  24",  1  in. 
would  be  1-24  pitch,  and  any  number  of 
inches  is  that  many  24ths.  Now,  what 
seemed  to  bother  most  of  the  carpenters 
is  after  getting  full  pitch  how  to  get 
further,  as  we  have  already  gone  the 
full  length  of  our  square,  but  you  see  it 
is  simply  bring  the  square  up  to  6"  and 
that  gives  2  pitches  while  13"  on  the 
square  in  that  position  would  be  the 
same  as  26"  on  the  square  in  the  first 
position,  bring  the  square  up  to  4  and  it 
gives  3  pitches,  while  bringing  it  up  to 
3  it  gives  4,  bring  it  up  to  2"  and  it 
gives  6  pitches  and  bring  it  up  to  1"  and 
it  gives  12  pitches,  or  in  the  position  of 
the  first  square  it  would  rise  24'.  Now, 
as  I  have  been  asked  so  many  times 
about  these  steep  pitches,  as  I  stated  be- 
fore,  I  went  to  a  good  deal  of  bother  to 
get  up  a  cut  to  illustrate  them  as  well 
as  I  could  and  I  hope  that  not  only  those 
that  asked  me  from  time  to  time,  but 
many  others  as  well,  will  appreciate  it 
and  will  find  it  convenient  to  refer  to 
for  all  time  to  come.  It  is  surprising  the 
hundreds  of  such  questions  that  are 
asked  me  and  it  will  be  a  great  relief  to 
me  to  see  this  illustration  in  print,  foi 
it  answers  far  better  than  it  is  possible 
for  me  to  answer.  In  a  brief  letter  some 
may  say:  "Why  did  you  stop  at  12 
pitches,  why  not  go  on  and  on?"  In 
reply  I  only  wish  to  say  I  think  I  have 
answered  practically  all  the  questions 
asked  on  the  subject  and  it  was  getting 
so  steep  I  began  to  get  dizzy,  to  go  fur- 
ther would  be  getting  lines  close  to- 
gether and  I  think  I  have  gone  far 
enough,  so  any  one  can  work  out  from 
this  whatever  they  may  want  to  know. 


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A  reference  book  for  every  man 
connected  with  the  building  trades. 
Contents : — 

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Geometric  Drawing,  Structural 
Design,  Materials  of  Masonry 
Construction  (stone,  brick,  terra 
cotta,  lime,  cements,  sand,  mor- 
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"Z'J 


54 


THE    CARPENTER 


However,  if  any  one  interested  does 
go  on  and  work  out  a  good  deal  better 
illustration  than  the  one  I  have  given 
here,  I  hope  they  will  not  be  selfish  and 
keep  it  all  to  themselves,  but  trust  they 
will  have  the  editor  put  it  in  "The  Car- 
penter" so  we  all  can  be  benefited  by  it. 
• 

Known  By  Their  Color 

The  effect  of  advertising  in  establish- 
ing a  trade  mark  was  shown  August  1, 
1922,  when  the  United  States  Patent 
Office  granted  registration  as  a  trade 
mark  to  Fayette  R.  Plumb,  Inc.,  for  the 
combination  of  colors  —  red  for  the 
handles  and  black  for  the  heads  —  used 
in  finishing  Plumb  hammers,  hathcets, 
axes,  sledges  and  files. 

The  patent  office  holds  that  this  com- 
bination of  colors  constitutes  a  valid 
trade  mark,  since  it  designates  the  origin 
of  the  tools  so  finished  and  since  the 
public  so  recognizes  it. 

Fayette  R.  Plumb,  Inc.,  submitted 
with  the  application  for  the  trade  mark 
an  affidavit  showing  that  in  the  last  two 
years  this  manufacturer  has  invested 
more  than  a  quarter  of  a  million  dollars 
in  advertisements  in  colors,  in  which 
the  tools  were  shown  with  red  handles 
and  black  heads.  In  addition  many 
thousands  of  dollars  were  invested  in  ad- 
vertisements in  trade  papers  and  in  di- 
rect-by-mail matter,  etc.,  all  of  which 
stressed  the  red  and  black  Plumb  finish. 

Statements  also  were  submitted  show- 
ing that  jobbers,  retailers,  and  consum- 
ers alike  looked  upon  tools  finished  with 
red  handles  and  black  heads  as  tools 
manufactured  by  Plumb. 

The  patent  office  acted  on  the  princi- 
ple of  protecting  the  consumer.  It  was 
shown  that  consumers,  through  advertis- 
ing, had  come  to  associate  Plumb  tools 
with  red  and  black  and  that  imitations 
referred  back  to  the  advertisements  as 
well  as  the  tools  themselves.  Thus,  even 
if  different  shades  of  colors  and  dis- 
tinctly different  labels  were  used,  so  that 
the  purchaser  might  not  be  confused 
when  the  imitation  was  laid  alongside 
of  the  Plumb  tool,  nevertheless  there 
would  be  infringement  of  the  Plumb 
trade  mark  if  the  resemblance  were  close 
enough  to  mislead  the  casual  purchaser, 
whose  desire  to  buy  had  been  created  by 
a  Plumb  advertisement. 

The  Plumb  brief  was  accompanied  by 
statements  from  jobbers  and  retailers, 
who  declared  that  they  felt  that  any 
other    manufacturer    who    would    offer 


tools  with  red  stained  handles  and  black 
heads  would  be  doing  so  with  the  object 
of  trading  upon  Plumb's  reputation. 
Among  the  statements  were  the  follow- 
ing: 

"As  the  result  of  widespread  adver- 
tising, Plumb  tools  are  identified  by . 
their  red  handles  and  black  heads.  If 
any  other  make  were  finished  in  the 
same  way,  it  would  be  a  decided  in- 
fringement on  Plumb's  rights." 

"Practically  all  our  trade  immediate- 
ly recognize  Plumb  tools  by  the  color 
of  their  handles.  Whenever  we  are  of-, 
fered  other  tools  with  red  handles,  we 
feel  that  the  makers  are  copying 
Plumb." 

"Any  manufacturer  who  would  put. . 
out  similar  tools  with  red  handles  and 
black  heads  would  be  seeking  to  cash  in 
on  Plumb  advertising.  This  would  have 
a  tendency  to  deceive  the  consumer,  and 
the  practice  should  be  stopped." 

In  line  with  Federal  Trade  Commis-  ' 
sion  decisions,  Fayette  R.  Plumb,  Inc., 
can  protect  the  trade  mark  on  the  color 
combination  by  proceedings  before  the 
commission,  on  the  ground  of  unfair 
competition.  Plumb  also  has  the  remedy 
of  suit  for  injunction  and  damages  in  a 
Court  of  Equity. 

This  decision,  of  far  reaching  im- 
portance to  manufacturers,  jobbers  and 
retailers,  indicates  that  a  manufacturer 
who  impresses  upon  the  public  the  ap- 
pearance of  his  product  can  prevent 
other  manufacturers  from  finishing  their 
goods  in  the  same  way,  provided  that 
the  distinctive  finish  is  exclusively  orig- 
inal with  the  first  manufacturer. 


The  Men  Who  Work  In  Wood 

The  men  who  work  in  wood ! — here  is  a  clan 

That  other  workers  well  may  envy — these 
Who  serve  so  much,  so  well,  their  fellow  man, 

Who    turn    to    use   the    tall    and    sheltering 
trees. 
The  roof  of  green  becomes  a  roof  of  gray, 

The  sturdy  trunk  the  pillars  of  a  home. 
They  fashion  us  the  infant's  cradle,  they 

Are  part  of  every  threshold,  every  room. 

The  chair  we  dream  in  by  the  cheery  fire, 

The  board  at  which  we  gather  for  the  meal, 
The  bed  to  which  our  weary  limbs  retire, 

And  everything  we  know  and  love  and  feel. 
They  shape  from  fallen  forests  for  our  need — 

Yea,  even  tbat  last  room  in  which  we  rest, 
When  we  lie  down  to  rest  at  last  indeed, 

The  woodland's  sainted'  lily  on  our  breast. 

Their's  not  the  dust  of  mines,  the  grime  of  toil 

In  sweaty  shops  of  steel  and  molten  brass — 
Theirs  is  the  scent  of  sawdust  and  of  soil, 

The  seag  of  waters,  wind  across  the  grass. 
In  everything  they  make  for  us  they  leave 

The  wooded  upland  and  the  quiet  shores, 
Yea,  into  every  article  they  weave 

Some  memory  of  God's  great  out-of-doors. 

— American  Lumberman. 


How's  this 


for  a  shingling  kit? 


A  shingler's  hatchet  is  all 
you  need  to  re-roof  with 
Johns-Manville  Asbestos 
Shingles. 

No  need  to  shovel  off  the 
old  shingles  with  their  dust 
and  litter— it's  just  a  straight 
nail-on  job  from  start  to  fin- 
ish. The  nail-holes  are  in 
the  shingles  and  the  nails 
come  with  them. 

Edgings  are  easy.  Score 
the  shingle  with  the  hatchet 
edge.  A  reverse  snap  gives 
you  a  clean,  straight  edge 
that  fits  in  close  to  the  chim- 


ney, skylight,  ridge  or  val- 
ley. A  quick  nick  with  the 
hatchet  point  starts  extra 
nail-holes  when  needed. 

Altogether,  it's  a  quick, 
clean  job  that  gets  you  to  the 
ridge-pole  in  record  time. 

You  will  find  many  pros- 
pects in  your  locality  who 
will  be  interested  in  re-roof- 
ing with  Johns-Manville  As- 
bestos Shingles.  Johns-Man- 
ville will  help  you  sell  them. 

Write  your  nearest  Johns- 
Manville  branch  for  partic- 
ulars. 


JOHNS-MANVILLE  Inc.,  Madison  Avenue  at  41st  St,  New  York  City 
Branches  in  56  Large  Cities 
For  Canada:  Canadian  Jolms-ManviUe  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto 

f^/JOHNS-MXNVILLE 

\       BRAKE  UN1NGS       /  ^^ 

Asbestos  Shingles 


CARPENTERS 

Build  Up 

YOUR  ROOFING  BUSINESS 
BY  USING 


REG.   U.  S.'PAT.   OFF. 

Recommend  it  to  your  custom- 
ers for  the  roofs  and  floors  of 
piazzas,  sleeping  porches,  etc. 
We  guarantee  it  waterproof  and 
it  will  not  crack  or  peel.  No 
white  lead  bedding  required,  yet 
it  lays  flat  and  stays  flat. 

Investigate  "BAYONNE"  and 
send  for,  sample  book  "T"  with 
full  particulars. 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    I860 

DUANE   ST.    NEW   YORK     READE   ST. 
BRANCH   202-204   MARKET  ST.  ST.    LOUIS 


Mr.  Carpenter 

"J  Wouldn't  You 
L  i  k  e  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 

METAL 

WEATHER- 

STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell  You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 

FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Ave.  Chicago 


BE   WELL  AND    KEEP  WELL 

The  ROCHE 

Electric  Hygienic  Machine 

SHOULD     BE     IN  sg&b±     Don't  Be  a  Dead  One 

EVERY    HOME  JmlSffllN*-  — *--  at  tlitV 

It  increases  blood  cir-  ■■ 
culation,  strengthens  and 
soothes    the    nerves. 
Brings     sleep     to     the 
sleepless. 

30    DAYS   TRIAL 

The    Vigorous    Man    or 
Woman     Is     Leader    of    All 

Tou  cannot  realize  the 
benefits  derived  from  this  ma- 
chine except  you  try  it.  One 
treatment  will  convince  you 
of  its  extraordinary  dualities. 
If  you  are  a  sufferer  of  par- 
alysis, locomotor  ataxia,  ver- 
tigo, apoplexy,  headaches, 
neuralgia,  nervousness,  gen- 
eral weakness,  neuritis,  rheu- 
matism, lumbago,  or  harden- 
ing arteries,  be  sure  to  in- 
vestigate this  machine.  Takes 
the  place  of  exercise.  Give 
your  muscles  firm  elasticity; 
be  neither  fat  nor  thin. 
NORMALIZE 

YOUR  WEIGHT 

Do  you  realize 
what  this  machine 
means  to  one  want- 
ing in  vital  strength, 
or  suffering  from  a 
goitre,  nervous  de- 
bility, insomnia, 
prostate  gland  trou- 
ble, or  varicose 
v eins ? 


>JMdMMl&M 


Invented    and    Patented 
Prof.    J.    B.    Roche 

Remember  this  Machine  is 
not  a  vibrator  but  a  gen 
uine  health  helping,  life 
prolonging  apparatus.  As  electrical  manufacturers 
also  build  High  Frequency  Machines,  including  our  new 
COMBINATION  MACHINE,  "High  Ray"  or  in  other 
words,  "VIOLET  RAY".  Be  sure  to  write  for  FREE 
BOOK.  It  is  for  men  and  women  who  want  to  become 
liealthy,  vigorous  and  efficient.  Address: 
Roche   Electric  Machine  Co.,  TC-10,   Grand   Papids,   Mich. 


WEATHERSTRIP 

Sager  Metal  Interlocking  Weath- 
erstrip has  stood  the  test  where 
others  have  failed  and  is  growing 
more  popular  every  day. 


Contractors  and 
builders  will  find 
Sager  Metal  Weath- 
erstrip tbe  best  side 
jJK  line  in  the  building 
business.  The  sell- 
ing and  installing  of 
this  product  will 
keep  you  busy  and 
bring  an  increase  in 
profits  that  will 
please. 

SOME  GOOD 
TERRITORY 
OPEN  FOR 

LIVE  AGENTS 

Sager  Metal 
Weatherstrip    Co. 

164    W.    Austin 
Ave.,   Chicago. 


This  superb  6- piece  set  Is  made  of  selected  gelid  oak 
throughout,  finished  in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown  famed 
oak.  Four  pieces  are  padded;  seats  upholstered 
with  brown  Delavan  Spanish  leather,  the  best 
unltation  of  genuine  Spanish  leather  known. 
Morris  Rocker  has  the  real  comfort  giving  features 
of  che  Morris  chair  and  couch,  as  well  as  the  addi- 
tional advantage  of  a  rocker.  The  back  Is  adjustable 
to  3  positions.  Foot  rest  can  be  expended  or  hidden 
entirely  undsr  seat.  Seat  measures  20x20  Inches, 
width  of  back  27  inches,  height  of  back  from  seat  23 
Inches.    Arms  4  inches  wide. 

Arm  Chair  Is  a  room?,  dignified  piece  of  furni- 
ture, comfortable  and  big  enooch  for  a  very  large 
person  while  not  seeming  too  larce  for  the  ordinary 
occupant.  Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in.,  height  86  in. 
Arm  Rocker  la  a  massive,  stately,  comfortable 
piece,  with  beautifully  designed  back,  wide,  shapely 
arms,  and  smooth  operating  runners.  Seat  19x171-2 
In.,  height  36  in. 

Library  Table  — A  beautiful  piece  of  library  fur- 
niture. Beautifully  designed  ends  to  match  chairs 
witrirtomy  magazine  shelf  below.  Legs  cut  of  2  in. 
stock:  massive,  d;gnified.  Top  measures  1.3  1-4x34  in. 
Reception  Chair  has  beautiful  shape  to  match  the 
other  pieces.  Seat  measures  17  x  17  In.,  height  85  in. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces.  A  dec- 
oration to  your  living  room  or  library.  Carefully 
built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2  In.  high;  the  top 
12 x  12  inches. 

Entire  set  shipped  knocked  down  construction.  Easy 

to  set  up.    Saves  freight  charges.  Wt.  about  230  lbs. 

Order  by  No.   B72B4A.     SI. 00  with 

coupon.  $3  a  month,  price  £32.60. 


A 

Room 

7ullof 

Furniture 

orris  Rocker 

Only  11.00  with  the  coupon  below  brings  this  sensational  furniture  bargain 
on  30  days  trial.  6  splendid  pieces  of  furniture  including  a  wonderfully  lux. 
urious  and  comfortable  reclining  Morris  rocker  with  disappearing  foot-rest 
and  adjustable  back.  A  few  months  ago  a  set  like  this  would  have  cost  you 
$40.00.  But  now,  on  a  special  factory  sacrifice,  we  can  slash  the  price  on  this 
complete  set  to  only  $32.80  and  on  easy  payments  of  only  $3.00  a  month ! 
Seize  this  wonderful  opportunity  on  this  special  offer.    We  take  all  the  risk. 

30  Days  Trial-Only  $3Q0  a  Month 

Use  this  magnificent  6-piece  library  Bet  for  30  days.  Compare  it  with  anything  yon  can 
buy  locally  at  anywhere  near  the  same  price — even  for  spot  cash.  Then  if  not  satisfied 
for  any  r?as:>n,  return  the  Bet  at  our  expense  and  we'll  refund  your  $1  at  once,  plus  any 
freight  charges  you  paid.  If  yon  decide  to  keep  the  set  start  paying  only  $3.00  a  month 
until  y-u  have  paid  $32.80.  A  full  year  to  pay.  We  trust  honest  people  anywhere  in  U.S. 
One  price,  cash  or  credit.  No  discount  for  cash,  nothing  extra  for  credit,  no  C.O.D. 

Get  this  offer-Send  Now! 


Don't  delay. 
Just  send  $1.00 
with  the  cou- 
pon. If  you  wish  to  return  the 
set  after  30  days,  your  dollar 
will  be  refunded,  plus  all 
freight  charges  which  you 
paid.  Remember,  this  is  a 
special  limited  reduced  price 
approval  offer.  We  will  also 
send  our  free  Bargain  Catalog 
listing  thousands  of  amazing 
bargains.  Send  coupon  wow. 


Straus  &  Schram,  oSSSmTw. 


■  Straus  &  Schram,  Dept.  3017      Chicago,  lllinoi 

■  Enclosed  find  S1.00.     Ship  special  advertised  6- Piece  Fume. 

■  Oak  Library  Set.     I  am  to  have  30  dayafree  trial.    If   I  keel 

■  (ho  s.t,  I  will  pay  you  S3. 00   monthly.     If  not  satisfied.  las 

■  to  return  the  set  within  80  days  and    you  are  to  refund  mj 

■  mopey  and  any  freight  ch&rsrca  I  paid. 

g  Q  6-Plece  library  Set  No.  B7284 A.     $32.80. 

■ 

5  Name ___ 

■  Street,  R.  F.  D. 

■  or  Box  No 

■ 

5  Shipping 

i  Point 

■  Post 

I  Ojfice State 

II  you  only  want  cataiwif  put  x  in  box  ueiow: 

-■  n  Furnitnre,Sloyes,JewelryDMea's,Women's,ChildreD'sClolhii 


SAVE 
MONEY 


SAVE 
TIMBER 


The  best  method  of  splicing  tim- 
ber on  scaffolding,  shoring,  prop- 
ping, etc.  Write  for  further  infor- 
mation today. 


SCHENK 

TIMBER  eLAMPCORI? 

Managed  by  Cosmopolitan  Industries  Inc. 

501  FIFTH  AVE.  KEW  YORK 


@  Vi^CQST 


First  qual- 
ity new  cord  tires 
fully  backed  by  our 
ironclad  guarantee  for  10, ; 
miles.  Tires     Tubes 

Tires  Tubes  S2x^  $19.10  $1.75 
30x3  $7  25  $1.10  33x4^  20.15  1.80 
30x354  8.95  1.30  34x4^  20.75  1.F5 
32x3^11.50  1.35  35x4  21.95  1.P0 
31x4  12.75  1.40  36x4^  24.20  2.C0 
32x4  13.95  1.45  33x5  26.50  2.15 
33x4  14.88  1.50  35x5  27.50  2.M5 
34x4  15.95  1.60  37x5  29.00  2.50 
Made  in  our  factory  of  the  best 
materials  money  can  buy.  These 
are  rugged,  sturdy  Cords  that  run 
many  miles  over  their  guarantee. 
FEND  NO  MONEY.  Write  and  tell  us  the  size  of  yonr 
tires  and  how  manyyou  want.  Shipped  C.  O.  D.  Section 
unwrapped  for  your  inspection. 

CHARLES  TIRE  CORP.,DEPT.  620 
2812  WABASH  AVE.,  CHICAGO,  ILL. 


Guaranteed 

10000 

Miles 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.    Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


INVENTIONS  WANTED 

ON  CASH  OR  ROYALTY  BASIS 

We  hare  been  in  business  24  years.  Have  complete  fac- 
tory and  facilities.  References  on  request.  What  have, 
you  in  the  way  of  a  good  practical  invention,  patented 
or  unpatented. 

ADAM     FISHER     MFG.     CO.,     2  5  2,     St.     Louis,     Mo. 


THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRBEND 


Woodstock  and  lumber  is  high.  With  our  Jointer 
Heads  you  can  buy  rough  lumber  of  any  kind  and 
dress  it  to  suit  the  job.  Saves  time,  money  and 
lumber.  Would  this  be  any  object  to  you?  If  bo. 
Ret  our  circular  prices.  Sold  on  30  day  trial. 
Whisler  Mfg.  Co.,  513-515  W.  Main  St.,  Ottumwa,  la. 


WATERBURY 

Ifafliolite 


THEWATERBURY 
Radiolite,  like  the  famous 
Ingersoll  Yankee,  leads  in  its 
field.  A  jeweled  watch  that 
combines  staminaandstyle.  The 
small,  popular  12-size.  Graceful 
from  antique  bow  to  fine,  open 
face  lhat  glows  in  the  dark.  Four 
jewels.  Bridge  construction. 

Ingersoll  Yankee  $150 

America's  most  reasonable,  reliable, 
watch  is  the  best  known  time-piece  in 
the  world. 


Level  and  Plumb  WitliYour  Own  Instrument 


BRINGS  IT 


Free  Trial         ^^^ 

Order  the  Aloe — try  It  for 
10  days — put  It  to  the 
most  rigid  tests.  If  you 
are  not  pleased,  return  it 

at  our  expense  and  your 
$5.00   will  be  refunded. 


TO  YOU 


Better,  Quicker  Work 

This  instrument  will  put  you  in  the  big 
builder  class — will  increase  your  business, 
income  and  prestige.  The  Aloe  Convert- 
ible Level  is  the  world's  best — a  combina- 
tion of  both  level  and  transit  and  nuic'.lv 
converted  to  the  use  of  either.  Absolute- 
ly accurate — yet  so  simple  that  anyone 
can  use  it. 


Above    illustration    shows    instru- 
ment  in    Transit   position.      (Can 
be  easily  and  quickly  converted.) 
FREE— Write  for  this   Book 


Aloe  Convertible  Level  and  Transit  Combined 


You   Learn  to  Use  It  In  An  Hour 

No  technical  knowledge  necessary.  No 
previous  experience  needed.  With  our 
simple  and  complete  instruction  book, 
included  free  with  every  level,  you 
can  immediately  put  the  instrument 
to  work.  Tou  can  use  it  for  leveling 
foundations,  walls,  piers,  streets, 
walks  or  curbings — to  run  straight 
lines  for  ditches  or  drains — boundary 
lines  for  fences  or  trees — surveying 
lots  and  fields — plumbing  walls, 
shafts,   trestles,   posts   and   pillars. 


Easy  Monthly  Payments 

July  $5.00  brings  it  to  you — for 
a  free  trial.  If  perfectly  satis- 
fied, pay  the  balance  in  small 
monthly  payments.  The  instru- 
ment will  be  sent  at  once  and 
from  the  first  day  it  will  be 
working  for  you — paying  for  itself. 

Write  for  Free  Book 
Our  flee  book — "Be  A  Bigger 
Builder" — tells  you  how  to  in- 
crease your  income — how  to  get 
the  profitable  jobs  and  becoome 
a  bigger  man  in  your  community. 
Write  for  this   book  today. 


A.  S.  ALOE  CO.,  623  Olive  St 


St.  Louis,  Mo 


MAIL  COUPON    TODAY 


A.  S.  ALOE  CO.,  623  Ojfce  St.,  St  Louis,  Mo. 
Without  obligation,  send  me  your  FREE 
book.  "Be  a  Bigger  Builder".  A'so  full 
particulars  about  the  Aloe  Convertible  Lev- 
el and  details  of  your  easy  payment  plan. 

Name     

Address 


WECKS 


STYLE  A  $3.00 

BUILT    FOR    CORRECT 
SHAVING. 


EASY  TO  STROP,  IN- 
SURING LONG  BLADE 
SERVICE. 


SIMPLEST  IN 

CONSTRUCTION 

ASK  YOUR  DEALER 

or  EDW.  WECR  &  SON,  N.  Y. 


HUTHER  SAWS  HAVE  PROVEN 

THEIR  WORTH  FOR  MORE 

THAN  50  YEARS 

Huther  Saws  represent  the  difference 
between  a  tried  and  an  untried  pro- 
duct. Their  superior  workmanship, 
strength  and  efficiency  have  been 
demonstrated  beyond  dispute  by  then- 
performance  over  half  a  century. 

HUTHER  BROTHERS 

DADO  HEAD 

The  saw  that  makes  intricate 
cutting  and  grooving-  easy. 
Consists  of  two  outside  cut- 
ters and  enough  inside  cutters 
to  perform  the  required  oper- 
ation. 

HUTHER  BROTHERS  HOLLOW 
,■-■■'     v  GROUND  SAW 

-\     ''••■    Free    cutting    leaves    a 
V  >        •   smooth,     even      surface. 

'■**L  ■  -!       \  Ground     with     extreme 

v5ETtwEfc«5  accuracy. 

/    Illustrated    catalogue 
'■  -  \iiKk*-"''     sont     promptly     on     re- 
'""  — '  quest. 

Huther   Bros.    Saw    Mfg.    Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


The  Improved  Gem  Scriber 

The   Tool   of  Many   Uses,   One   "Best 
Bet"  for  all  Wood  Workers.    (Price  45c.) 

,*££&"*$  F.  Brais  &  Company 

1349  East  90th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio 


Every    Carpenter,    every    builder,     every    Contractor.  S 
every    man    interested    in    any    kind    of    construction 
should  learn  how  to  read  Blue  Prints.     Our  Course  or 
Blue  Print  Reading  will  not  only  get  you  a  better  job 
but  put  money  in  your  pocket. 

ARCHITECTURAL,    MECHANICAL,    SHEET 
METAL  AND  STRUCTURAL  DRAFTING 

quickly  taught  at  home,  in  your  spare  time,  on  the 
"Pay  As  You  Study  Plan."  Tou  can  soon  qualify  for 
a  successful  draftsman.  Books  and  tools  furnished 
Free.  Write  today  for  catalog  G.  It  means  more  pay. 
ESTIMATING— STEEL  SQUARE 
Practical  Courses  making  the  various  details  simple 
and  clear.  It  will  give  you  the  training  that  will  take 
you  out  of  overalls  and  put  you  into  a  boss'  job.  Do 
not  miss  this  opportunity.    Write  now  for  Catalog.     E. 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1904 

^^— i  Dept.    IQE,    Drexel    Bldg.,    Phi  la. ,   Pa,  ^^_ 


piLES 


'T  BE  CUT 

-   Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
derful    Treatment.       My     internal 

method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one. 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments. 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

*fy°u  have  Pil?s  in  any  form  write  for  a 
FREE  sample  of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  you 
will  bless  the  day  that  you  read  thi*  Wi-itf- 
today. 

E.R.PACE,322B  Page  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


magga 


Cut    out    big    profits.      Anyone    handy    with    tools 
can    make    a    cabinet    according    to    -   -      trawinss 
i,'       "    r-nd    simple    instructions.      We    f'ini='h    m> -han~- 
~    teal  parts   at  small   cost.     Drawings,  "blue  prints 
parts,   price   list,   etc..    free   on   request.      Write   today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9 Cincinnati,  Ohio 

ECONOMIZE    !    :^"™~™ 

AUTOMATIC  SASH  HOLDERS 

Do  _  . 


Do 
Away 

With 

Sash 
Weights 
Cords.  Pulleys 
Balances.     Etc 


Eliminate 
Wir.dcw 
Pockets 
Uattling  & 
Other     Nui- 
sances.   Save 


Send  $1.00  for  trial  set  prepaid 
of  sash  when  ordering.     Address  Den-'    ( 

3SWEvSALESCO,  Inc. 

„  Jmrch  St.._>ew  York.  City.  Room  g-a-E 


Time  &  L„.  „ 
ilention  weight 
C 


or. 


"T"   PLUMB  AND 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  made  of  alum- 
inum. Can  be  easilv  attached  to 
any  straight  edge.  Simple  to  ad- 
just. Guaranteed  Accurate.  Size 
3£x2|   in. 

Price   SI. 00    Delivered. 

J.  M.  WATERSTON 

423  Woodward   Ave.,    Detroit.   Mich. 
Complete  Tool  Catalogue  sent 
on   request. 


Oar  Guarantee  assures  every  customer  fan  protection.  Too 
can't  afford  to  overlook  these  wonderful  quality  tires  at  each  l^w 
trices.  Brand  New— High  Grade— Cords  Guaranteed  10,000 
Miles  and  adjusted  at  lLst  orice  on  that  guarantee. 


„     Tires 
30x3 
30x31-2 
32x3  1-2 
31x4  Clincher 
31x4  Str.  Side 
32x4 
23x4 
34x4 


J  7-19 
S.3S 
11.65 
12.  SO 
13.45 
13.98 
14.95 
15.85 


Tube 
$  1.12 
1.35 
1.40 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.55 
1.65 


33x4  1-2 
84x4  1-2 
35*4  1-2 
36x4  1-2 
33x5 
35x5 
37x5 


20.05 
20.60 
21  90 
23  55 
25.85 
26.95 
28.05 


2.05 
2  10 
2.30 
2.35 
2.50 
2.60 
2.75 


EUSH  ORDERS!  DON'T  DELAY!  No  money  In  advance.  Just 
wnte  today  to  be  enre  of  ce'.ting  sizes  and  number  of  tires  yoo 
want.  Shipped  C  O,  D.  Section  unwrapped  for  your  inspection. 
WILSON  TIRE  CO,,  Dept.   1 0?  -2304  So.  Wabash  Ave.,  Chlcsco 


$13.95  GOODYEAR  RAINC0ATFRE1 

Goodyear  Mfg.  Co.,  523SRD  Goodyea 
Bldg..  Kansas  City,  Mo.,  is  making  a) 
offer  to  send  a  handsome  raincoat  free  ft 
one  person  in  each  locality  who  wil 
show  and  recommend  it  to  friends. 
you  want  one  write  today. 


Tf,  CAVE  money  by  get-- 

y  ^tingr  Special  Low  Prices  onj 

nidus'  Nationally    Known   Orchestra 

and  Band  Instruments.    Let  us  help 

t.-\^v  you  get  started.  Easy  Paymentplan— 

J-'TJ^Sa  a  Play  While  You  Pay.  Learn  to  play  from1 
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6'  Vol  *<&,  '^w  First  Violin  and  Cornet  parts  FREE. 
]     Kjj  "1^5^.    Special  Free  Service  for  Orchestras 

y^K^^.   and  Bands.  Ask  about  it     Send 
Today  for  Big  Free  Catalog. 
44  Tears  In  Business-  13  Stores. 

J.  W.  JE^'INS  SONS'  MUSIC  CO. 
9  a    Jenkins  Bldg. 
KANSAS  CITY,  MO. 


■JL 


>SH- 


Leonhart's  Straight  Edge  Level 


You've  heard  your 
neighbor  praise  the  Path- 
finder, the  wonderful  illustrated 
news  and  story  paper  published  at 
Washington  for  people  everywhere.  This 
paper  is  the  Ford  of  the  publishing  world:  has 
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you  want.  Unpqualed  digest  of  the  world's  news.  Question  Box 
answers  yo&r  questions.  Stunts  for  children;  realfun  for  all.  Excit- 
ing conal  story  starts  soon.  Send  15  cents  (coin  or  stamps)  today 
5nTh,,.sJ^iJ.papJ7.13'B'eeks-  You  will  be  more  than  pleased. 
PATHFINDER,  611  Lar.gdoiiSta.,  WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 

Don't  Wear  a  Truss 

r> ROOKS'  APPLIANCE,  the 
-*-*  modem,  scientific  inven- 
tion, the  wonderful  new  dis- 
covery that  cures  rupture  will 
be  sent  on  trial.  No  obnoxi- 
ous springs  or  pads.  Has 
automatic  Air  Cushions. 
Hinds  and  draws  the  broken 
parts  together  as  you  would 
a  broken  limb.  No  salves. 
No  lies.  Durable,  cheap. 
Sent  on  trial  to  prove  it. 
Catalog  and  measure  blanks 
mailed  free.  Send  name  and 
address  today.  Never  on  sale 
in  stores.  Don't  be  fooled  by 
imitations.  Look  for  trade 
mark  signature  of  C.  E. 
Brooks  and  his  picture  on 
every  appliance.  None  other 
genuine. 

Appliance  Co.,  252  F  State  St.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


FREE  Book 
oil 


rate  Trouble 


If  you  have  prostate  dis- 
order— bladder  trouble  — get  up 
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free  illustrated  booklet.  Do  it  now.  Relief  is  at  hand. 

THP.  H.ECTRO  THERMAL  COMPANY 
2814  Main  Street  Steubenvillo,  Ohio 


Usin|§  Tobacco 

Perhaps  you've  tried  to  stop  using  tobacco 
only  to  find  that  the  habit  has  such  a  hold  on  you 
that  you  gave  up  trying. 

You  know,  better  than  anyone  else,  that  you  ought  to  stop 
because,  sooner  or  later,  it  is  bound  to  undermine  your  health. 
Heart  trouble,  indigestion  dyspepsia,  nervousness,  insomnia, 
poor  eyesight  —  these  and  many  other  disorders  can  often 
be  traced  directly  to  the  use  of  tobacco.  Besides  it  is  an 
expensive,  utterly  useless  habit. 

Habit  Banished 

Let  Us  Help  You 

No  matter  how  firm  a  grip  tobacco  has  on  you— no  matter 
whether  you've  been  smoking  cigars,  pipe  or  cigarettes  or 
chewing  plug  or  fine  cut  for  a  .  ^onth  or  50  years— Tobacco 
Redeemer  will  positively  remove  all  craving  for  tobacco  in 
any  form  in  a  very  few  days.  It  does  its  work  so  quickly  that  all 
tobacco  "hunger"  is  gone  almost  before  you  know  ;.  The  desire  for  a 
smoke  or  a  chew  usually  begins  to  decrease  after  tne  very  first  dose. 

Tobacco  Redeemer  contains  no  habit-forming  drngs  of  any  kind — it  is 
in  no  sense  a  tobacco  substitute.  It  does  not  cause  the  slightest  shock 
to  the  nervous  system;  on  the  contrary ,  it 
often  helps  to  quiet  the  nerves  and  make 
you  feel  better  in  every  way. 

SEND  Coupon  for/ 

r>  n  Get  our  free  booklet.  Tells  /      /^i':.(^ti 

i^POOl"  you  all  about  the  deadly  ef-/      /' »"^ficSr 
*    *  W*  fects  of  tobacco  and  how  /       feSvy.  ffiyyffi  *£] 
easy  it  i3    now    to   quit.     We   will   also  /     «  I     y'^Brl  'I 
send   you   copies  of   letters  from   con-/      '1  \*£o     jSBtw 
Bmed  users    telling   how    this   simple,  /       ('\\  "•  Jk^sS&vV 
home-treatment  freed  them  absolute-  /       u^ 
ly  from  the  habit.    Just  mail  coupon —  /        vr/Tr-"""' 
or  a  postal  will  do.  /    fit^WfflS 

NEWELL  PHARMACAL  CO. 

Dept.   916  St.  Lews,  Mo. 

Send  me  without  obligation  to  me  in  any  v.ay,  proof  that  Tobacco 
Redeemer  will  positively  free  me  from  the  Tobt-cco  Habit  or  my  money 
will  be  refunded. 

Name •••• 

Street  and  No ••••• 

Town State 


Plumbing,  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing.  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40%  on  Every  Article 

Send  for  Catalog 

B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 


The  IMPROVED  Rapid  Floor  Surfacer 

will 

surface    right   up   to  the 

*b^ItK  it"' 

wail 

or  baseboard  without  the 

use 

of  edge-roller. 

1 

Just 

the   machine  you  would 

wai 

t   for  surfacing   all   lands 

of 

vood    iloors,    whether    old 

k         or 

lew.  Will  smooth  down 
rapidly  and  easily  all 
joints  or  warped 
edges.  Perfect  results 
guaranteed.    More 

.        than  20,000  in  use. 

S"  *^®p^ 

"i  ' 

<*•      Send  for  Our  Free 

\  :$M 

Trial  Offer 

|  M.  L  Schlueter 

,<B£sfe4si-i^v--  — 

_—--«***■ 

230  West  Illinois 

Made  in  Several 

Sizes 

Street.  Chicago 

TAPES 


are  the  Best 
For  Sale  by  all  Hardware  Dealers 

KEUFFEL  &  ESSER  CO. 

NEW  YORK,  127  Fulton  Street.  Central  Cilice  and  Factories,  H0B0KEN,  N.  I. 

CHICAGO  ST.  LOUIS         SAN  FRANCISCO  MONTREAL 

(16-20  S  Dearborn  SI.       81?  local!  St  30-34  Second  SI.  B  Nolle  Oiioo  SI  W. 

Drawing  Materials,  mathematical  and  Surveying  Instruments,  Measuring  Tapes 


Does  The  Job  in  a  Hurry 

THE    "IDEAL"   ELECTRIC 
FLOOR  SANDER 

THE  Ideal  is  a  marvel  for  simplic- 
ity, ease  of  operation,  low  cost 
of  maintenance  and  the  quantity 
and  quality  of  work  it  will  do  on  all 
grades  of  old  and  new  floors. 

The    materials    and    design 
are    the    best    the    art    of 
chanics    can   devise  and 
the    finished    sander    is 
unequalled  for  long  and 
faithful  service. 
Write  for  complete  information 
on   the   "Ideal." 

BOETTCHER  CO. 

442   N.    Peoria   Street, 
Chicago,    III. 


BUILD  YOUR  OWN  PH0N0GRAP1 


OUR  NEW 

CATALOGUE 

TELLS  HOW 

IT'S    FREE! 

WRITE  FOR  IT 


CARPENTER  &  CABINET  MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO 
1419  West  Adams  St.,  Chicago,  III. 


INVENTED   BY   A   CARPENTER 

Morrill  Sawsets  have  been  the 
standard  for  almost  half  a  century, 
and  are  better  today  than  ever.  A 
Sawset  for  every  Saw. 

CHAS.  MORRILL  New  York 


H 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 


Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 

'/ 

EBB3E3& 

gives  both  inside  and  outside  measurements 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
on ce  and  you  will  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

841C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


\ 


AMERICAN    HANDY    SAW    TABLE 

V2  H.  P.  Motor  operates  it;  or  %  H.  P.  for  light 
work.  Furnished  also  with  countershaft  for  belt  drive. 
Saws  up  to  2"  thick  once  through. 

Steel  table  20"x26",  36"  high,  saw  8"  Dia.  May  be 
raised  or  lowered  for  dado  work,  ripping,  cut-off  and 
mitre  gauges,  saw  guards  and  splitter.  "Weight,  crated 
220  lbs. 

Price  Without  Motor  $60.00 

Ask  for  descriptive  bulletin  of  this  and  other  ma- 
chines for  the  carpenter  and  builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Co. 

136  Main  St.,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

50  Church  St.,  New  York — The  Bourse,  Philadelphia. 


Nearly  ONE  MILLION  MEN  Have  Used 
TAINTOR  POSITIVE  SAW  SETS 

Are  You  One  Of  Them? 

Sold  By  Leading  Hardware  Dealers  Everywhere 
Send  for  Book  :  "Care  of  Saws,"  free  to  members  of 

The  Brotherhood. 
TAINTOR  MFG.  Co.,  95  Reade  St.,  New  York 


The  Rustless  Rule 

Made  of  Luminoy.  a  special  alloy  of  Aluminum. 

Here  is  THIS  Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  hare.  It  won't  rust, 
weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  a  stctl  ride,  yet  is  just  at 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  together  with  permanent 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  ui 
for  printed  matter  and  prices. 

THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 

7  Lafayette  Ave.  Buffalo.  N.  Y. 


Save  Time  and  Money 

In  the  shop  and  on  the  job  there  are  a 
hundred  ways  in  which  time  and  money  can 
be  saved  with,  a 

Crane  Junior  Bench  Saw 

Does  your  ripping,  mitering,  grooving,  rat- 
betting,  tenoning,  sanding,  grinding  and  other 
work  with  speed  and  accuracy.  Top  10"xl3". 
Saws  1  1-2"  stock.  Driven  by  1-4  hp.  or  1-3 
hp.  motor.  Portable.  Runs  from  any  light 
socket.  All  metal  construction.  Thoroughly 
accurate. 
Crane  Junior  Bench  Saw  only  with  guides 
and  one  6"  saw  blade  $28.75. 

Price    complete    with    1-4    hp. 

ball  bearing  motor  as  shown.  $60. 

Descriptive  circular  tells  many 

things  of  interest  to  workers  in 

wood.    Write  for  it. 

W.    &  J.    BOICE 
M     1514  Boice   Bldg., 
114  23rd  St., 

Toledo,  Ohio 

pHE  Wayvcll  Chr.;>i)ctl  Automatic  Ball  Bearing  Electric 
l  Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish  your 
ew  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  them. 
'  As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishing 
dors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  flats,  apart- 
lents,  etc..  all  rol'er  vibration  must  be  done  away  with. 
t  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  ami 
teadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
rates. 

Only  surfacing  machine  having  roll- 
r    sanding    even    with    base- 
oard    from    either    side    of , 
tachine.     doing     away     w 
■neven  work  of  edge  roll- 
r  attachment.  Four  sizes. 
I  Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
ept   our   free   trial    offer. 

(Machine  demon- 
trated  also  at  our 
traneh    Office.    9? 
jPashington    Blvd.. 
hicago. ) 
Man.  by  Wayvell 

ChappHI  &  Co. 

9    N.    Jackson    St. 

Dept.   A. 

Waukegan,   111.  Pat.  1912-1916 


A  Better 

MortiSe  and 'quicker. 

Make  a  smooth,  elean-eut  job  in 
any  kind  of  wood, — hard,  soft,  knot- 
ty, cross-grained  or  end  wood ; 
through  dowel  pins  or  panel  cud-; 
with  perfect  ease.  A  perfect  mor- 
tise with  straight  sides  and  uniform 
depth. — and  made  ten  times  faster 
than  by  ordiuary  method.  Specially 
adapted  for  use  on  doors,  sashes, 
screens,  cabinet  work,  etc. 

The 
Champion.    Mbrtiser 


easily  makes  100  perfect 
mortises  per  day  Without 
the  use  of  brace  and  bit 
or  chisel.  Cjulckly  ad- 
justed from  round  hole  to 
61"  .-Int.  Accurafc 
automatically  regulated. 
lias  :'.  ^I'n.ls  for  u 
in  different  woods.  .Sim- 
ple to  operate.  Any  work- 
man can  cut  100  mortises 
I'ti-  day.  Ust9  V.  8". 
i".  S"  and  J"  bits:  spe- 
cial sizes  up  to  1J". 
FULLY  GUARANTEED. 
YOU  TAKE  NO  RISK. 
Money  bnck  If  not  sat- 
isfied, after  10  days  trial. 
Price  Includes  any  two 
bits.  Additional  Mts 
$1.50  each.     Send  today. 

C0LGAN     MACHINE     &. 

SUPPLY  CO. 

902    Hayd»n    °ldg.. 

Columbus.   Oho. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World   Over 
Established  1790 

QUALITY  GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 
SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO. 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO. 

FISKDALE.  MASS. 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time. by 
over  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
on  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank   Luther.    Chirago.  says:       "The    Expert's 
Choice  File  files  IS  hand  savrs  and  Is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  f.le  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert  s  Choice  does  not  prore 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  hare  ever  used.      DELTA 
SAW  FILES   are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth — also  for  that 
extra   hard   saw.      Buy    your    tools    of    the    dealer    who    sells 
Delta  Files.      He  is  the  quality  man. 

Trinl  dffpr  ^  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20c 
'""'"""    23c  or  30c  for  trial     file,     sent    prepaid       D< 


this  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


"THE  HI6.HEST  GRADE  FILE  MADE" 
D E LTA." HA ND  S AW ^  F  i  LE  S   I 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL* 


MECHANICS    FAVORITE* 


EXPERT  S   CHOICE 


The  File  You  Will  EvENTUALLr  Use 


Tk«  k«l  Aa|a  Bil  FUe  made —  We  wiD  Itfca 


Do 

DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


*.iU  of  29  «bIj  eaefc. 


THE    U.  B.  A. 

A  REAL  LEVEL  AND  PLUMB 
zoo^c  Adjustable.         No  Holes  to  Gfl 


The 
100*2 


Greatest     Of 

Adjustable. 


All  Straight-Edge  Levels 
No  Holes  To  Cut.  Com-: 
bining  The 
Good  Fea- 
tures Of  All 
O  t  h 
S  traigh  t- 
Edge  Levels 
With  Better 
Ones  Added., 

A  Four  Way 
Level  With- 
out Remov- 
ing Plate 
For  L  even- 
ing, Plumb- 
Lug,  Grades 
And  Pitches.' 

Indorsed  By 
heading  Me- 
chanics And 
B  u  i  1  de  rs.' 

Large.  Quick 
acting  bulbs 
.\  b  s  o  1  u  t  ely 
True,  and 
Guaranteed 
Rust  Proofs 
No  Need  Of 

An  Ordinary  Level   When    A  UBA    Is   Carried: 

In  The  Tool  Kit. 

At  All  Leading  Hardware  Dealers   Or   Sent) 

Direct. 

Price  $1.25  in  the  U.  S.  and  Canada 
THE  UNION  LEVEL  M'F'G  CO. 

1979    W.     I llth    Street  Chicane. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

This  gauge  is  a  duplex  niortise 
gauge.  It  will  place  and  space  The 
lock  aud  strike-plate  in  proper  po- 
sition to  each  other. 

Gauge  with  cutters  rigidly  af- 
fixed to  the  bars — Price— $2.00. 

Same  gauge  with  the  improved 
adjustable   cutters — Price — S2.25. 

If  dealer  can  not  supply  you. 
Send  Money  Order.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured    by 

Uying  out  mortise  for  strike-  J\J§     f.     BIERSDORF 

547  San   Julian  St. 
Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158 


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LOS  ANGELES, 


Laying  out  mortise  for  lock. 


CAL 


Working  with   lumber 

It's  a  cinch  you  fellows  know  Lumber — front- 
wards and  backwards,  and,  too,  you  probably 
know  that  Cornell- Wood-Board  is  all  wood — 
in  fact,  the  cleanest  kind  of  lumber  because 
there's  no  splits,  no  knots  in  it. 

When  you  put  Cornell- Wood-Board  on  a  job 
(if  you  put  it  on  the  way  we  tell  you),  it's 
going  to  stay  put  for  years  and  years,  be- 
cause like  good  lumber  it  improves  with 
aging, 

We  are  always  glad  to  help  good  carpen- 
ters get  the  Cornell  jobs  in  their  neighbor- 
hood. 

If  you  would  write  us,  it  is  possible  we 
may  suggest  something  which  would  mean 
more    money. 

Triple  Sized  —  Mill  Primed  —  Oatmeal  Finish 
CORNELL  WOOD  PRODUCTS   COMPANY 

General  Office,  190  No.  State  St.  Chicago. 

Water  Power,  Mills  and  Timberlands  in  Wisconsin. 


•"aim.vs  nji.vik  <u.n  snip  mini', 
s,\wn...  rj 


HAND,  RIP  AND  PANEL  SAWS, 
STRAIGHT  OR  SKEW  BACK, 
WIDE  OR  SHIP  POINT,  IM- 
PROVED PERFECTION  OR 
OLD  STYLE  HANDLES. 

Only  Atkins  can  supply  a  wide  range 
of  popular  patterns  like  the  above, 
and  for  that  reason, 

Atkins  iSi-Sawi 

are  becoming  very  popular  among 
carpenters,  farmers,  mechanics  and 
the  home  saw  user. 
You  will  find  illustrated,  straight  and 
skew  back  saws  fitted  with  both  the 
new  Perfection  and  the  old  style 
handles.  The  No.  72  Saw  is  a  Ship 
Point  saw. 

Give  Atkins  Saws  a  trial  and  it  will 
not  be  long  until  you  will  be  con- 
vinced that  they  are, 

"The  Finest  On  Earth" 


Send  25c  for  carpenter 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense  Booklet. 


E.C.ATKINS  &  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  1857         THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPLE 

Home  Office  &i\d  Factory,  IND1ANAPOLIS.IND1ANA  I 

CanadianFactory,  Hamilton  Ontario 
Machine  Knifo  Factory,  Lancaalo r  N.Y« 
Branches  CarryingComphtoStoduthZhafbl/bwingCitfaat   B 

Atlanta,  New  Orleans  Seattle 

Memphis  New  York  City  Pai-Ie.  Franc*     .-: 

Chicago  Portland.Oro,  Sydney.  N.  3<™J 

Minneapolis  9»n  Francisco  Vancouver,  »-w 


Get  yours  today, 

The  tremendous  demand 
for  the  Sheetrock  Tinp 
Book  exhausted  thi 
first  edition.  We  are  no1* 
publishing  a  secon< 
This  new  supply  is  go, 
ing  fast.  The  best  wa] 
to  make  sure  that  yoi 
get  your  free  copy 
this  handy  book  is  tj 
fill  in  and  return  th< 
attached  coupon  toda? 

Sheetrock  comes  in  standard 
sizes— %  in.  thick,  32  or  48 
in.  wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 


Beer.  U.  S.  Pat 


SHEETROC 


The  FIRE  PROOF 


WA  L  L  B  O  A  R 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM    COMPAN 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gypsum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 


United  States  Gypsum  Company 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  111. 
Send  my  SHEETROCK  Time  Book  to- 

(Name) 


(Complete  Address). 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


The  NEW  "HOME 

1  ne  iv r,  w     BUILDER'S" 

SAW  RIG 

This  is  just  the  outfit  you  have  been  looking  for.  We  have  been 
building  Saw  Rigs  for  many  years,  and  you  will  find  the  same 
high  quality  in  this  small  rig  as  we  put  in  our  larger  outfits.  You 
can  afford  to  buy  this  rig  which  you  can  put  right  on  your  small 
home  building  jobs.  A  hot  riveted  steel  frame  makes  it  a  very  rigid  outfit. 
Will  rip  three  inch  lumber  with  three  horse-power  engine.  Total  weight  700 
pounds.    We  also  manufacture  Hoists,  Pumps,  Engines. 

C.  H.  &  E.  Manufacturing  Co.,  Inc. 

323  Mineral  St..  MILWAUKEE,  WIS. 


Send  for  Folder 


$250. 


Complete  with 
Engine 


earl  Flooring 

*  tyom  the  HEART  of  the  PINE/*'  C 


ESSCO    HEART   FLOOR- 
ING in  The  SOUTH'S 
FINEST  OFFICE 
BUILDING 

"The  Trinity  Lumber  Company 
of  Dallas  was  awarded  one  of  the 
largest  contracts  given  out  for 
material  in  the  construction  of 
the  Magnolia  Building.  This 
company  furnished  under  their 
contract  all  the  lumber  and  floor- 
ing used  in  the  entire  building 
and  it  is  to  the  credit  of  the  Mag- 
nolia organization  that  their  or- 
der called  for  the  best  material 
of  that  kind  obtainable,  regard- 
less of  cost. 


In  competition  with  hardwoods  in  which  appear- 
ance and  durability  were  largely  the  determin- 
ing factors  ESSCO  HEART  EDGE-GRAIN 
FLOORING  was  specified  for  the  29-story  Mag- 
nolia Building,  Dallas,  Texas,  the  South's  hand- 
somest business  structure. 


GIVING     AN     IDENTITY    TO     OUR     PREMIUM 
FLOORING  STOCK 

Each  bundle  of  Essco  Heart  Flooring  Is  identified 
with  the  heart-shaped  symbol  as  indicated  above. 
The  label  is  pasted  on  the  underside  of  the  floor- 
ing. Architects,  Contractors,  Builders,  and  Home 
Owners  can  accept  it  as  the  mark  of  flooring  of 
the  very  highest  Quality. 


"It  is  a  fact  that  the  flooring  in 
this  great  modern  structure  is  the 
finest  made  in  this  country  and 
lumber  men  of  long  experience 
declare  the  quality  is  unequalled 
by  that  used  in  any  other  building 
in  this  part  of  the  country.  It  is 
the  vertical  grain  class  of  yellow 
pine  from  Louisiana  mills  and  is 
from  long  leaf  stock." 

— Dallas  Times-Herald. 

Essco  Flooring  and  other  Essco  lumber 
products  are  obtainable  through  retail  lum- 
ber dealers.  If  not  available  in  your  com- 
munity, write  us. 


FxciMNGg  Sawmills  SgLgs  Q>. 


Long  Building 


Kansas  City,  Mo. 


P.  R.  WATKINS, 
Sec'y  &  Mgr.  Yard  Sales 


(Formerly  Missouri  Lumber  &  Land  Exchange  Co.) 
R.  B.  WHITE,  President  &  General  Manager 


R.   S.  PRICE, 
Mgr.  Railroad  &  Timber  Sales 


Conveniently  Packed — 
Easy  to  Lay 

You  don't  have  to  spend  a  half  day  teaching  your  men  how 
to  lay  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles.  The  self  spacing  feature  does 
away  with  chalk  lines  and  makes  elaborate  instructions  for  their 
laying  unnecessary.  A  hammer  and  knife  are  all  the  tools  you 
need. 

Ruberoid  Strip-shingles  are  packed  in  a  convenient  package,  too.  You  can 
get  the  highest  quality  nail — barbed  and  zinc  coated— packed  right  in  the 
bundle  if  you  choose — a  convenience  you  will  appreciate. 

A  roof  covered  with  Ruberoid  Strip-shingles  is  one  you  can  forget  when 
it's  finished.      Ruberoid  roofs  have  stood   the  test  of  time — there's  no 

come-back. 

Write  us  today  for  samples  and  a  booklet  illustrating  nine  designs  in 
color,  as  well  as  the  name  of  the  Ruberoid  Distributor  in  your  vicinity. 


The  RUBEROID  Co. 

95  Madison  Avenue,  New  York 


Chicago 


Boston 


SHINGLES  and  ROOFING 


n11""1^ 


Good  Workmanship 

is  the  result  of  a  combination  of  personal  skill 
and  the  use  of  only  the  best  materials  and  tools. 

Behr  Sandpapers 

help  to  put  the  finishing"  touches  to  a  fine  job. 
They're  easy  to  work  with  and  their  quality  in- 
sures satisfactory  service  on  every  kind  of  work. 

HERMAN  BEHR  &  CO.,  Inc. 

31-63  Tiffany  Place,     Brooklyn,     New  York  City 

1872 — Makers  of  Good  Sandpapers  for  SO  Years — 1922 


1 


Get  rid  of  the  trou- 
blesome and  unreliable 
sash  cord  and  stand- 
ardize on  the  modern 
product,  A  c  c  o  Cord 
Pulley  Chain.  This 
chain  is  guaranteed  to 
operate  over  any  com- 
mon cord  pulley,  and 
is  stronger  and  more 
economical  than  sash 
cord. 

Acco  Cord  Pulley  Chain 
comes  in  three  finishes — A.  C  D. 
(Coppered  Steel),  S.  R.  P.  (Special 
Rust  Proof),  and  Hot  Galvanized. 
Packed  100  feet  of  chain  with  40 
weight  fixtures  in  strong  bag. 

American    Chain    Company,    Inc. 
Bridgeport,  Conn, 

In   Canada:     DOMINION   CHAIN   CO., 

LIMITED,  Niagara  Falls,  Ont. 

District  Sales   Offices  : 

Boston      Chicago      New  York      Philadelphia 

Pittsburgh       Portland,  Ore.       San  Francisco 


Mr.  Carpenter 


1240  Fullerton  Ave. 


Wouldn't  You 
Like  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 
METAL 
WEATHER- 
STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  TJs  Tell  You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 


Chicago 


fa  our  Home 


I 


we  find  Beaver  Board  invaluable 


Bt  ebiolutely  lure  thai  you  buy 
freeflrr    iSroerr    Board.       Don't 


There   i 
untile  Beever  B 
onK    by  The   B 
„„    Comp 
Buflelo.  N.  Y       I 


Pr"d™" 


Beard 
Beever 
Inc..    el 


conomy.  permenenee  end  etlrec- 
reefer  Beever  Boerd  prelerred 


THERE  are  lots  of  times  when  you  will  find  genuine  Beaver  Board  practically  invalu- 
able in  your  home.  It  can  be  used  so  quickly,  economically  and  conveniently  to  con- 
vert waste  spaces  into  new  rooms;  to  repair  old  walls  and  ceilings;  or  for  putting  up  par- 
titions, fruit  closets  and  shelves. 

If  you  haven't  built  yet,  genuine  Beaver  Board  will  save  a  great  deal  of  money  in  com- 
pleting the  interiors  of  your  home,  garage  or  workshop. 

All  installations  of  genuine  Beaver  Board  are  permanently  attractive.  The  big,  wide 
panels  are  made  of  long,  tough  fibres  of  northern  spruce,  knotless,  flawless  and  specially 
manufactured  to  insure  durability.  They  are  sealed  and  sized  by  our  patented  Sealtite 
process  to  give  a  perfect  surface  for  painting.  They  can  be  nailed  right  over  old  walls  or 
directly  to  joists  and  studding.   It  takes  only  a  very  short  time  and  the  cost  is  surprisingly  low. 

Look  over  the  list  of  every-day  uses  of  Beaver  Board  given  below.  Aren't  there  some 
that  fit  your  needs  right  now? 

Phone  any  good  lumber  dealer  or  carpenter,  to  estimate  on  the  cost  of  the  Beaver  Boarding 
you  want.     And  specify  definitely  that  you  want  genuine  Beaver  Board,  and  not  a  substitute. 

If  you  prefer,  write  to  our  Builders'  Service  Department  at  Buffalo,  New  York,  telling 
us  your  ideas  and  giving  dimensions  of  rooms,  location  of  windows,  doors,  etc.  We  will  be 
glad  to  prepare  plans  and  estimates  free  of  charge      Write  us  to-day. 

CHECK  UP  YOUR  USE  FOR  BEAVER   BOARD.       HOME    USES:     Wall,    and   cdUiwl    f»r.or>.o«    (.one.... 


FARM  USES  i  Lir 


Finishing  tht 


BUSINESS    USESi    Built-in    prU 


rfe.        Wall 


U.l»,    lactari.s    and    ..rlrl.il    whtr,    a    sanitary,    r.,1. 
'  displays.      Display   booths.      Cut-outs       Triumphal   verier. 
»rA.  strawsr  bottoms,  book,  al  mlrrora.  ate,  and  many  ether  uirr. 


THE  BEAVER  PRODUCTS  COMPANY.  In 

The  Beaver  Company.  Ltd.,  Thorold,  Onl.,  Canod 

District  Sales  Offices  at  New  York,  Atlanta,  Buffalo 


.,  Buffalo,  New  York 
i.  and  London,   England 
Chicago,  and  Kama.  City 


BEAVER  BOARD 


tARNING-BE  SURE  YOU  GET  GENUINE  BEAVER  BOARD  IDENTIHED  BY  THE  BEAVER  TRADE  MARK 

The  above  advertisement  is  a  reproduction  of  the  full 
page  which  will  appear  in  The  Saturday  Evening  Post  on 
November  4th.  Notice  how  it  brings  the  many  good  uses 
of  genuine  Beaver  Board  right  home  to  the  reader.  This 
advertising  makes  for  immediate  sales.  It  is  helping  our 
dealers  exceed  even  their  more  optimistic  volume  of  sales 
this  year.  If  you  are  not  a  Beaver  Board  dealer  now,  wire 
or  write  us. 


i! 


How  Woodside  Became 
a  Successful  Contractor 


This  Man's  Quick  Rise  from  the 

Bench  to  his  Own  Business  Can 

Be  Duplicated  by  any  Other 

Ambitious  Carpenter 

Simply  a  Matter  of  Using  Spare  Time  to  Train  In  the  Higher 
Branches   of   the  [Trade 


In  Oklahoma  there  is  a  man  whose  ex- 
perience will  interest  every  man  in  the 
building  trades  who  has  an  ambition  to 
get  ahead. 

He  is  a  man  who  has  found  the  way  to 
the  biggest  kind  of  success  in  his  trade 
and  we  want  to  tell  every  reader  of  the 
Carpenter  how  this  man  lifted  himself 
from  the  bench  into  a  successful  con- 
tracting business. 

His  name  is  Woodside.  He  worked  for 
years  just  as  thousands  of  other  carpen- 
ters are  working,  taking  a  job  here  and 
a  job  there  when  he  could  find  employ- 
ment, making  journeyman's  wages  and 
no  more.  For  a  long  time,  so  far  as  he 
could  see,  there  wasn't  anything  ahead 
but  his  daily  work.  When  he  looked  in- 
to the  future  he  could  see  himself  still 
taking  orders  from  a  boss  and  doing  the 
daily  tasks  which  come  into  the  life  of 
every  working  carpenter. 


But  one  day  Woodside  woke  up  to  the 
realization  of  what  makes  men  success- 
ful in  the  building  trades.  He  saw  that 
the  men  who  were  giving  him  orders 
were  men  who  knew  more  about  the 
work  than  he  did.  They  were  men  who 
could  take  up  a  blue  print  and  read  a 
plan  just  as  easily  as  he  could  read  his 
newspaper.  He  saw  these  men  sit  down 
with  a  pencil  and  figure  out  the  cost  of 
putting  up  a  building.  Then  he  saw 
them  in  charge  of  work  telling  others 
what  to  do  and  how  to  do  it.  He  saw 
that  the  men  who  do  the  brain  work  in 
business  are  the  ones  who  are  making 
the  most  money. 

Fortunately  for  Woodside  he  saw  an  ad- 
vertisement of  the  Chicago  Technical 
College  which  offered  to  train  him  by 
mail  in  his  spare  time  to  do  the  very 
things  which  these  successful  men  were 
doing.  He  wrote  for  the  catalog  and  in- 
formation   about    the    Builder's    Course 


^nd  when  it  came  he  saw  clearly  that  he 
:ould  make  his  opportunity  to  step  ahead 
>y  learning  what  the  Chicago  "Tech" 
jxperts  had  to  teach  him.  He  enrolled 
n  the  course  and  here  is  a  letter  which 
ells  the  story  of  his  experience. 

"I  was  working  as  a  journeyman 
carpenter  receiving  .$6.00  per  day 
when  I  took  up  the  course.  After 
studying  less  than  3  months  I  got 
a  job  as  foreman  on  a  big  brick 
apartment  building  and  received 
$8.00  a  day.  Five  months  later  I 
was  superintending  a  job  covering 
nearly  half  a  block  which  was  con 
structed  of  reinforced  concrete.  I 
am    now   in    business    for    myself 


specializing    in    theatre    construc- 
tion." 

Think  of  getting  a  raise  of  33  1-3%  in 
less  than  90  days  after  he  began  his 
studies.  Think  of  a  man  being  advanced 
to  superintendent  in  5  months  and  then 
stepping  into  business  for  himself  and 
you  will  realize  the  truth  of  the  saying 
that  "The  big  money  goes  to  the  man 
who  knows." 

Best  of  all,  this  opportunity  by  which 
Woodside  made  his  success  is  open  to 
you.  The  same  experts  who  taught  him 
all  the  ins  and  outs  of  the  higher 
branches  of  building  are  at  your  service 
ready  to  instruct  you  as  they  instructed 
him  by  mail  in  your  spare  time. 


School 
inisig  that 
Money 


Let  America's  Oldest  and 
for  Builders  Give  You  the 
Means   Greater  Success  and 

Hundreds  of  carpenters  and  men  in  other  building  trades  attend  our  Chicago  school. 

For  20  years  we  have  been  training  building  experts  who  are  now  foremen,  superin- 
tendents and  independent  contractors,  making  big 
money  while  other  men  who  started  with  just  as  good 
chances  as  they  had  are  still  at  the  bench.  You  can 
get  this  same  training  at  home  in  your  spare  hours  for 
we  teach  the  same  courses  by  mail  and  you  get  the 
supervision  of  the  same  experts.  No  special,  previous 
education  required  to  take  up  this  course.  Send  the 
coupon  below  and  get  the  catalog  with  full  information 
about  our  courses  and  about  our  small  fees  and  easy 


Some  of  the  Subjects 
We  Teach 


PLANT  READING.  How  to  read 
a  building  plan.  Floor  plans  and 
elevations.  Use  and  meaning  of 
different  lines  on  the  plan.  Sec- 
tions and  section  lines.  Cross 
Sections.  How  different  materi- 
als are  shown  on  the  plan.  How 
to  read  dimensions.  Detail 
drawings.  How  to  lay  out  work 
from  the  plans.  Tracings  and 
blue  prints — how  they  are  made. 
Practice  in  reading  complete 
plans  from  basement  to  roof, 
etc.,    etc.,    etc. 

ESTIMATING — Figuring  amount 
and  cost  of  material,  time  and 
labor  for  all  classes  of  buildings. 
How  to  figure  all  kinds  of  car- 
penter work — stairs,  roofing,  raf- 
ters, mill  work,  window  and  door 
frames,  mouldings,  cornices,  etc., 
etc.  How  to  figure  brick,  stone 
and  concrete  work.  Sheet  metal 
work,  glazing,  plumbing,  heating, 
wiring,  etc. 

SUPERrXTEXDIXG — Methods  of 
work  on  all  classes  of  buildings. 
I'ses  and  preparation  of  all  kinds 
of  material.  Hiring  and  handling 
men. 

Complete  home  study  courses  in 
Architectural  and  other  branches 
of  DRAFTrNG.  If  interested  in 
any  branch  of  Drafting  ask  for 
special    catalog. 


terms  of  payment 

FREE-2  Books 


How  to  Read  Bine  Prints 
— a  Tricl  Lesson  in  Plan 
Reading  for  Builders. 

Send    coupon    fcr    our 
Free  Books,    one  on    "How 
to   Read  Blue   Prints"   con- 
taining    a     lesson     in     Plai 
Reading,     with     blue     print 
drawings,    etc.,    the   other    ex- 
plaining   how     to    get     expert 
training     in      building.        Test 
yourself    and    see    how    quickly 
you    can   learn    by   our   method 
Other    schools    ask    you    to    pay 
first;  we  send  you  this  lesson  first 
It  does  not  cost  you  one  penny 
to     find     out     'low     well     quali- 
fied   you    are    to    take    up    the 
course.      Tell    oilier    men    in    the 
building    Unea    about    this    great 
fre£    offer. 


r 

Send  the     I 

i 

s 

I 


Coupon 

Get  these  free  books  and  see 
for  yourself  how  Chicago 
"Tech"  training  will  put  you 
ahead.  Just  sign  your  name 
on  the  coupon  and  mail  it  to- 
day to  Chicago  Technical  Col- 
lege, 1139  Chicago  Tech  Build- 
ing, Chicago. 


Chicago  Technical  College, 

1 139  Chicago  Tech  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111 

Please  send  me  your  Big  Free  Books  and  Blue  Prints  for 
men  in   the  building  trades.     Send  postpaid  to  my  address 


below. 


Name   

Address    

Post  Office  State. 


JL 


I 

Occupation    


There9 s  only  one 


CARPENTERS— CONTRAC- 
TORS DEALERS  IN 
BUILDING  MATERIALS 


BECOME  OUR  WEATHERSTRIP  AGENTS 


Big  Demand   for  Weatherstrip 


300  a  Month  Salary 
450  on  the  Side  at  Home 


Chief  Dr&fUman  DOBE 


That's  the  kind  of  money  my  drafting 
students  make.  Read  what  this  one  says* 

"As  a  beginner  I  am  doing  fine.  Am  earning  a 
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(Name  and  Address  upon  request) 


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59 


That's  what  the  building- crafts- 
man says  about  the  Sargent  Auto- 
Set  Bench  Plane.  He  likes  the 
way  it  gets  down  into  the  job — 
the  way  it  takes  hold  of  the  wood. 
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end  of  a  busy  day. 

SARGENT 

AUTO-SET  BENCH  PLANE 

Quickly  adjusted  for  fine  or 
coarse  cuts.  The  chromium  steel 
cutter  may  be  removed,  sharpened 
and  replaced  in  exactly  the  same 
position  and  for  the  same  depth 
of  cut  without  any  readjustment 
whatever.  No  chatter  even  when 
working  cross-grained  hardwood. 
Light,  time-saving,  true.  You  need 
the  Sargent  Plane. 

Descriptive  booklet  sent  free  on 
request. 

SARGENT  &  CO. 

55  Water  St.,  New  Haven,  Conn. 


S  A*R  G^E   N  T 


_    L.  O  C  K  S        AND       .  H  •/-    R  "O-  W  A    B    E  - 
-       i  i  urn  i     i.i      [.jctp-im^—       -in.  in  i 


WECRS  SEXTOBLADE 
RAZOR 


STYLE  A  $3.00 

BUILT    FOR    CORRECT 

SHAVING. 


EASY  TO  STROP,  IN- 
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SERVICE. 


SIMPLEST  IN 

CONSTRUCTION 

ASK  YOUR  DEALER 

or  EDW.  WECR  &  SON,  N.  Y. 


HUTHER  SAWS  HAVE  PROVEN 

THEIR  WORTH  FOR  MORE 

THAN  50  YEARS 

Huther  Saws  represent  the  difference 
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duct. Their  superior  workmanship, 
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demonstrated  beyond  dispute  by  their 
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HUTHER  BROTHERS 

DADO  HEAD 

The  saw  that  makes  intricate 
cutting  and  grooving  easyfl 
Consists  of  two  outside  cut- 
ters and  enough  inside  cutters 
to  perform  the  required  oper- 
ation. 

HUTHER  BROTHERS  HOLLOW 
GROUND  SAW 

Free    cutting  leaves    a 

smooth,     even  surface. 

Ground  with  extreme 
accuracy. 

Illustrated  catalogue 
sent  promptly  on  re- 
quest. 

Huther   Bros.    Saw    Mfg.    Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


Nicholson  Files 

should  be  on  every  work  bench 

There's  a  bit  of  pride  about  owning 
good  tools -in  selecting  and  using  the 
best  that  modern  methods  can  produce. 
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on  the  benches  and  in  the  tool  kits  of 
experienced  carpenters  the  world  over. 

For  cutting  wood  and  metal — for  keeping  other  tools  in 
perfect  condition — Nicholson  Files  and  Rasps  are  un- 
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PI 


•  IS  •  $ 


Ive  never  sawed  with 
anything  but  a  Disston  I 

SIXTY-FIVE  years  ago,  this  vet 
eran  carpenter  bought  his  firs 
Disston  saw,  and  he  still  uses  it. 

His  name  is  Charles  H.  Fields,  anc 
he  lives  in  Brooklyn.  He  was  bon 
eighty-one  years  ago  — one  yeai 
after  Henry  Disston  had  manufac 
tured  the  first  Disston  Saw. 

Thirty-two  years  ago,  he  added 
new  Disston  hand  saw  to  his  col 
lection,  and  he  still  calls  it  his  "ne\* 
Disston".  But  he  has  never  aban- 
doned his  sixty-five  year  old  saw. 

The  saw  that  has  stood  faithfully 
by  old  carpenters  for,  generation 
after  generation  is  the  best  saw  foi 
you  to  buy.  The  fine  Disston-madc 
edge-holding  steel  that  goes  into 
the  blades  has  made  thousands  ol 
Disston  saws  last  a  lifetime  in  the 
hands  of  thousands  of  industrious 
members  of  the  carpenters'  trade. 

Write  to  Desk  I  for  the  Disston 
Saw,  Tool,  and  File  Book.  It  will! 
show  you  how  to  select,  care  for, 
and  correctly  use  over  a  hundred) 
tools. 

i  Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Inc 
Philadelphia 
sN.         U.S.  A. 


Entered  July  22, 191 5, at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1912 

Acceptance  for  mailing  at  srjecial  rate  of  oostage  provided  for  in  Section  1103,  act  of 
October  3.  1917,  authorized  on  July  8,  1918. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters.  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  America,  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established  in  1881 
Vol.  XLII— No.  11 


INDIANAPOLIS,  NOVEMBER,  1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Tear 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy 


Always  Another  Fight  Left. 

I  have  failed  in  a  thousand  cases, 

But  I  still  have  the  heart  to  try; 
I  am  scarred  in  a  hundred  places, 

No  darling  of  luck  am  I. 
In  many  a  crucial  hour 

I  have  hoped,  and  been  scorned  and  kicked; 
But  never  has  Fate  had  power 

To  convince  me  that  I  was  licked. 

I  have  trusted  and  been  mistaken; 

My  friendship  has  been  betrayed; 
I  have  struggled  alone,  forsaken 

By  men  who  have  had  my  aid; 
I  have  listened  to  those  who  flattered; 

Their  motives  misunderstood, 
But  my  faith  has  remained  unshattered; 

I  believe  in  the  ultimate  good. 

I  ask  for  no  unearned  pleasure, 

No  pathway  through  flowery  lanes; 
I  offer  a  full,  fair  measure 

Of  effort  for  all  my  gains; 
I'll  try,  though  the  pace  be  grilling, 

Nor  whine  if  I'm  tripped  or  tricked, 
As  long  as  my  soul's  unwilling 

To  let  me  believe  I  am  licked. 

— S.  E.  Riser,  in  Success  Magazine. 


16 


THE     CARPENTER 


TWO  WRONGS  NEVER  MAKE  A  RIGHT 


The  following  was  submitted  by  the 
Resolution  Committee  and  approved  by 
L.  U.  No.  345,  Memphis,  Tenn. 

L<^  REVIEW  of  the  events 
following  the  advent  of 
United  States  into  the 
World  War  in  1917  must 
cause  grave  apprehension 
in  the  breast  of  every 
man  who  loves  America,  her  people  and 
her  institutions. 

No  class  of  citizens  has  been  immune 
to  the  evil  effect  of  this  period  of  dissi- 
pation, rich  and  poor,  drawn  into  the 
maelstrom  of  chaos. 

All  people  of  the  earth  seems  to  have 
lost  sight  of  the  ideals  of  our  forefath- 
ers, and  cast  aside  that  highest  ideal, 
brotherly  love,  and  a  sincere  regard  for 
our  fellow- men.  The  mutuality  which 
was  once  prevalent  in  all  communities, 
has  been  supplanted  by  deceit,  disrepect 
and  utter  indifference  to  the  success  of 
our  neighbor  or  our  community. 

Almost  three  years  have  passed  since 
the  signing  of  the  Armistice,  but  social 
and  industrial  strife  have  not  lessened. 
Think  of  it — and  we  fought  for  democ- 
racy. We  are  passing  now  through  a 
period  of  reconstruction  with  seemingly 
little  progress,  which  proves  the  neces- 
sity in  our  national  and  community  life 
for  leadership  by  men  of  clear  heads, 
courageous  hearts  and  physical  stamina. 
The  time  has  come  when  the  rank 
and  file  of  each  organization,  in  church, 
in  state  and  in  industry  must  rise,  as 
did  Joshua  of  old  and  say  to  the  peo- 
ple. "Choose  ye  this  day  whom  ye  will 
serve,  as  for  me  and  my  house  we  will 
serve  the  Lord."  It  is  not  our  promise 
to  say  what  others  shall  do,  but  as  mem- 
bers of  Organized  Labor  standing  for  the 
welfare  of  the  masses,  it  is  our  plain 
duty  to  take  a  stand  for  the  right  as 
against  wrong. 

In  justice  to  union  labor  we  say  with- 
out fear  of  successful  contradiction  that 
we  have  offended  in  no  greater  degree 
than  others.  We  may  go  further  and 
say  there  is  palliation  in  part  for  our 
sins,  because  we  have  fought  on  the  de- 
fensive. Self  preservation  is  the  first 
law  of  nature.  This  is  an  axiom  as  old 
as  the  hills. 

Still  on  the  other  hand,  we  must  ad- 
mit, and  we  do  it  with  a  feeling  of 
shame,  that  the  industrial  controversies, 
strikes,  lockouts,  etc.,  that  discredit  has 


': 


been  brought  upon  our  cause  by  oven 
acts  that  should  not,  and  in  the  main 
are  not  countenanced  by  the  rank  and 
file  of  Organized  Labor,  these  acts  it  is 
true,  are  not  peculiar  to  union  labor. 
Capital  has  committed  equally  grievous 
offenses,  but  we  must  devote  more  time 
and  energy  in  putting  our  own  house  in 
order. 

Two  wrongs  never  make  a  right.  We 
want  the  world  to  know  that  Organized 
Labor  is  not  an  institution  of  violence, 
Every  officer  and  member,  individually 
and  collectively,  should  denounce  any 
and  all  acts  of  lawlessness  in  whatever 
form  it  may  appear  and  back  up  thai 
denunciation  with  every  possible  efforl 
to  avoid  such  acts  occuring  at  any  and 
all  times,  especially  of  industrial  con-  | 
troversies,  lawlessness  an  inheritance  oi 
man,  is  with  us  at  all  times  and  has  been 
since  time  to  which  the  mind  of  man 
runneth  not,  hence,  it  appears  an  im-j 
possible  task  to  wholly  avoid  such  act, 
especially  in  issues  where  thousands  oi 
men  are  arrayed  against  an  adversary, 
regardless  of  what  the  contention  may 
be. 

We  denounce  any  and  every  misguid- 
ed member  of  our  organization  whc 
would  supplant  reason  with  force  and 
repudiate  the  acts  of  those  who  for  any 
reason  whatsoever  have  stooped  so  low. ! 

We  reaffirm  our  adherence  to  the 
principles  of  Organized  Labor,  principles! 
that  are  so  well  known  as  not  to  require! 
repetition,  here  we  feel  sure  that  the 
small  minority  of  employers  who  have  in 
times  past  voiced  opposition  to  the 
unionization  of  wage  earners,  realize  the! 
benefits  of  such  organization  in  raising 
the*  standards  of  living  and  making  far 
better  citizenship  and  more  prosperous 
communities. 

Following  the  chaos  brought  about  by 
war  and  industrial  unrest,  there  is  a 
big  task  ahead  of  every  true  American 
whatever  his  social  or  financial  positioD 
and  we  pledge  ourselves  to  bear  our  par 
of  this  burden. 

To  that  end  we  insist  that  every  union 
organization  look  well  to  the  conduct  of 
its  membership,  that  those  who  are 
guilty  of  misconduct,  such  as  resorting 
to  acts  of  violence  and  bringing  upoD 
their  organization  undeserved  reproach 
be  excluded  from  membership. 

Every  man  holding  a  union  card 
should  attend  the  meeting  of  his  organ 


THE    CARPENTER 


17 


zation  and  use  every  possible  means  to 
liminate  the  lawless  or  radical  element 
.nd  use  his  influence  to  put  into  posi- 
ions  of  trust  only  men  of  conservative 
dews,  but  determined  judgment,  men 
apable  of  handling  affairs  in  such  man- 
ler  as  to  redeem  Organized  Labor  in  the 
leart  of  its  friends  and  acquit  it  of  the 
mjust  charges  of  its  enemies  and  at  all 


times  be  constantly  vigilant  of  the  en- 
emy from  within,  eleminate  the  possible 
well  intended  but  misguided  enemy  from 
within  and  we  will  soon  have  everlasting 
peace  with  our  enemies  from  without. 

Remembering  at  all  times  your  organ- 
ization and  its  purposes  are  greater  than 
the  desire  or  needs  of  the  individual. 


CONDITIONS  IN  MEXICO 


T  the  Forty-second  Annual 
Convention  of  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor 
held  in  Cincinnati  in  June, 
1922,  the  Fraternal  Dele- 
gate from  the  Mexican 
federation  of  Labor,  Mr.  C.  A.  Vargas, 
?ave  a  very  interesting  account  of  con- 
litions  existing  in  Mexico.  Among 
)ther  things  he  said : 

"I  am  here  to  bring  you  the  fraternal 
greetings  of  the  Mexican  Federation  of 
Labor  and  to  tell  you  some  of  the  things 
t  is  fighting  for.  The  Mexican  Republic 
has  been  torn  asunder  by  eight  continu- 
ovls  years  of  revolution,  a  revolution 
against  the  rule  of  one  man  who  held 
unbroken  sway  over  their  country  for 
thirty-four  long  years.  During  those 
years  Mexico  was  a  paradise  for  the 
industrial  and  the  feudal  lords,  and  for 
the  Mexican  people  it  was  the  worst 
thing  you  can  think  of. 

"But  those  eight  years,  turbulent 
years  of  revolution,  my  friends,  brought 
to  the  Mexican  people  a  taste  of  that 
•liberty  which  they  had  set  out  in  1910 
to  acquire.  With  this  taste  of  freedom 
there  came  the  realization,  however,  that 
what  had  been  gained  by  that  movement 
might  be  imperiled  and  perhaps  lost  if 
the  workers  of  that  country  did  not  set 
up  an  organization  to  protect  the  people 
from  the  attacks  of  the  forces  of  reaction 
which  would  be  sure  in  the  course  of 
time  to  dispute  every  bit  of  ground  they 
had  won. 

"In  1918  there  met  in  the  City  of  Sal- 
tillo,  in  the  State  of  Coahuila,  repre- 
sentatives of  the  various  Local  Unions 
that  had  sprung  up  almost  at  the  same 
time  as  the  revolution  of  1910.  They 
found  it  necessary  to  get  together  and 
organize  into  a  national  movement. 
They  saw  the  necessity  of  organizing, 
not  only  to  protect  what  little  they  had 
gained,  but  to  make  further  gains  in 
the  future.  As  a  result  of  that  revolu- 
tion  there  is  today  incorporated  in   the 


political  Constitution  of  that  country 
certain  labor  laws,  and  it  was  necessary 
to  have  an  organization  to  see  that  they 
were  enforced.  They  may  enact  all  the 
labor  laws  they  want  to,  but  they  may 
not  be  worth  more  than  the  paper  on 
which  they  are  written  unless  we  have 
a  fighting,  militant  organization  to  see 
that  these  laws  are  enforced. 

"In  a  country  where  the  employers 
were  accustomed  to  lay  down  their  own 
terms  of  empolyment  and  say  to  the 
workers :  'Accept  them  or  starve' ;  in  a 
country  where  the  right  of  a-sociation 
and  freedom  of  speech  were  denied  to 
the  people ;  in  a  country  where  going  out 
on  strike  meant  no  less  than  the  hos- 
pital or  the  jail — if  the  workers  were 
fortunate  enough  to  escape  the  grave- 
yard, as  happened  in  the  year  1906,  dur- 
ing the  miners'  strike  in  the  City  of 
Cananea,  in  the  State  of  Conora,  and  in 
1907,  in  the  City  of  Orizaba,  in  the  State 
of  Vera  Cruz,  where  the  textile  workers 
went  out  on  a  strike,  though  unorgan- 
ized— in  a  country  where  slavery  was 
forbidden  only  in  name,  it  was  in  the 
natural  course  of  events,  my  friends, 
that  there  should  follow  a  series  of  con- 
flicts betw.een  capital  and  labor  imme- 
diately after  the  political  changes 
brought  about  by  the  revolution  of  1910. 
The  wonder  to  me  is  that  the  conflicts 
were  not  more  serious  in  a  country 
where  the  exploitation  of  the  workers 
has  reached  almost  perfection ;  that  the 
pendulum  did  not  swing  from  one  ex- 
treme to  the  other. 

"It  will  ever  be  the  credit  of  the  or- 
ganized workers  of  Mexico,  regardless 
of  the  opinions  of  our  enemies,  that  soon 
after  the  heat  and  passion  of  the  revo- 
lutionary period  were  over  and  labor 
laws  were  incorporated  in  the  Constitu- 
tion, they  sat  down  to  the  orderly  busi- 
ness of  building  up  their  organization 
to  see  to  it  that  those  laws  were  en- 
forced. Today  those  laws  are  far  from 
being  enforced,  and  the  reason  is  that 


18 


THE    CARPENTER 


the  Constitution  itself  provides  that  the 
Congress  shall  enact  appropriate  legis- 
lation intended  to  procure  the  enforce- 
ment of  these  labor  laws. 

"Congress  up  to  this  time  has  done  no 
such  thing,  and  it  is  for  that  reason 
that  the  organized  workers  are  going  to 
take  part  in  the  political  elections  this 
year.  They  are  not  going  to  take  part 
as  a  party  or  as  a  group;  they  are  fol- 
lowing exactly  the  same  non-partisan 
lines  the  organized  workers  of  the  Unit- 
ed States  will  follow  next  November. 
We  have  in  the  Republic  of  Mexico  sev- 
eral parties,  among  them  the  Liberal 
Party,  which  should  change  its  name, 
because  it  is  not  a  liberal  party.  On 
the  other  hand,  we  have  four  or  five  dif- 
ferent parties  that  have  sprung  up  in  the 
last  five  years.  Political  lines  are  not 
very  well  defined  as  yet  in  Mexico,  and 
these  four  or  five  political  organizations 
that  have  been  organized  during  the  last 
five  years  are  going  to  join  in  the  fight 
against  the  Liberal  Party  and  send  men 
to  Congress  who  will  protect  the  people. 
They  are  going  to  send  to  Congress  men 
who  will  see  to  it  that  legislation  enact- 
ed to  protect  the  people  will  be  observed. 
They  are  going  to  throw  their  full  force 
for  men  they  are  reasonably  sure  will 
do  that. 

"This  country  will  hear  the  usual 
stories  told  about  Mexico  when  things 
happen  there  that  do  not  suit  the  finan- 
cial and  industrial  interests ;  but  I  say 
to  you  about  the  political  actions  the 
workers  are  going  to  take,  so  that  you 
may  be  on  jour  guard  in  this  country 
and  not  be  surprised  when  they  tell  you 
the  organized  workers  of  Mexico  have 
organized  a  party,  that  it  is.  not  true. 
They  are  not  organized  by  themselves, 
but  they  are  organizing  their  forces  in 
order  to  elect  men  regardless  of  the 
party  they  belong  to,  who  will  at  least 
make  it  sure  that  the  Constitution  is  not 
evaded  by  the  industrial  lords  and  the 
financial  interests. 

"In  Mexico  the  Organized  Labor 
movement  is  a  baby  compared  with  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor.  The 
Mexican  movement  is  only  a  little  over 
four  years  old.  "We  may  differ  somewhat 
in  method.  You  can  see  very  well  why 
such  a  difference  exists,  but  as  time  goes 
on  we  may  be  able  to  benefit  by  your 
experience  and  benefit  by  our  own  mis- 
takes also.  It  can  hardly  be  expected 
that  an  organization  scarcely  five  years 
old  will  not  make  mistakes.     "We  have 


tried  to  learn  from  your  experiences  and 
also  from  your  mistakes.  This  is  th« 
reason  why  the  Mexican  Federation  oi 
Labor  is  anxious  to  establish  the  closest 
relations  with  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor. 

"The  Mexican  Federation  had  not 
been  organized  a  year  when  the  Execu- 
tive Council  of  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor  extended  an  invitation  to  them 
to  send  representatives  to  an  interna- 
tional conference  for  the  purpose  of  es- 
tablishing closer  relations  between  the 
two  movements.  You  are  all  acquainted 
with  the  fact  that  in  November,  1918, 
there  met  in  Laredo,  Tex.,  the  represen- 
tatives of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  and  the  representatives  of  the 
Mexican  Federation  of  Labor.  The  pur- 
pose of  that  Federation  was  to  establish 
a  means  of  communication  between  the 
two  movements,  and  thus  it  came  about 
that  the  Pan-American  Federation  of 
Labor  came  into  existence. 

"The  Pan-American  Federation  of  La- 
bor was  intended  by  its  founders  to  in- 
clude all  the  labor  movements  of  the 
American  Continent.  In  the  past  four, 
years  we  can  truthfully  say  that,  taking 
into  account  all  the  obstacles  we  have 
had  to  meet,  among  which  not  the  least 
is  the  different  languages,  the  Pan- 
American  Federation  of  Labor  has  prog- 
ressed as  much  as  it  could  be  expected  to 
progress. 

"We  should  not,  I  think,  let  such  a 
thing  as  a  difference  in  our  language,  a 
difference  in  our  customs,  a  difference  in 
our  race  origin  impede  the  work  of 
amalgamating  as  closely  as  possible  the 
labor  movement  of  all  the  twenty-one 
American  Republics.  I  have  been  very 
happy  to  note  that  in  this  respect  we 
have  met  with  the  heartiest  co-operation 
from  the  members  of  your  Executive 
Council,  as  we  have  met  with  the  same 
co-operation  from  the  officers  and  Exe- 
cutive Councils  of  some  of  the  other  la- 
bor movements.  WTe  have  been  misrep- 
resented by  the  enemies  of  labor.  We 
have  been  accused  of  almost  every  crime 
under  the  sun.  "We  have  been  accused 
of  being  Bolshevists,  but  that  term  has 
been  misused  and  abused  so  much — you 
will  pardon  me  if  I  use  a  slang  phrase — 
that  it  has  lost  its  punch.  When  our 
actions  do  not  suit  the  industrial  barons 
they  cannot  find  language  in  the  dic- 
tionary strong  enough  to  say  what  they 
think  of.  us. 


THE    CARPENTER 


19 


"The  Mexican  workers  in  their  fight 
for  industrial  freedom  went  into  a  na- 
tional organization  nearly  five  years  ago 
and  they  are  going  to  stay  in  this  strug- 


gle; that  means  we  are  aiming  to  make 
this  world  what  God  intended  it  to  be 
and  not  what  the  financial  interests  and 
industrial  lords  want  it  to  be." 


FIRES   IN   CARPENTRY   AND   WOODWORKING   SHOPS— THEIR 
CAUSES  AND  PREVENTION 

(By  Owen  B.  Maginnis.) 


HE  frequency  of  fires  in 
places  where  the  indus- 
tries coming  under  the 
above  caption  are  housed 
and  practiced,  leads  us  to 
inquire :  What  makes 
them  occur,  and  how  they  may  be 
guarded  against? 

There  are  many  reasons  for  these, 
some  of  which  are  hard  to  account  for, 
and  some  of  which  can,  so  that  the  sub- 
ject is  one  well  worth  considering  by 
our  readers. 

Observing  wood  and  timber  we  note 
that  the  inflamability  of  the  material, 
especially  when  dry,  or  in  small  atoms, 
such  as  dust,  sawdust,  chips  and  shav- 
ings ;  and  their  liability  to  ignite  from 
any  cause  or  source  is  perhaps  always 
the  most  prevalent  menace  or  origin  of 
fires,  so  we  must  endeavor  to  obviate 
this  possible  danger.  To  do  this  effec- 
tively all  elements  of  ignition  must  be 
kept  away,  such  as  pipe  or  cigar  ashes, 
red  hot  ashes  from  stoves,  smouldering 
ashes  and  papers,  dry  cotton  and  linen 
rags ;  or  any  factor  which  could  suddenly 
generate  a  blaze.  It  must  be  remem- 
bered that  in  all  establishments  engaged 
in  the  making  and  manufacture  of  wood- 
work of  any  description  there  is,  apart 
from  the  sawdust,  etc.,  a  fine  dust  float- 
ing continually,  asising  from  the  work 
itself,  which  is  formed  by  friction,  such 
as  in  planing,  sand-papering  and  scrap- 
ing, which  floats  upward,  permeates  the 
atmosphere  and  lodges  on  the  clothing 
of  the  workmen,  their  hands,  faces  and 
bodies,  adheres  to  the  walls,  and  clings 
to  the  ceilings,  which  keeps  on  accum- 
ulating until  it  forms  a  coating  or  layer 
often  a  quarter  of  an  inch  in  thickness. 
This  coating  is  extremely  inflamable  and 
will  sometimes  light  up  of  itself  from 
spontaneous  combustion. 

Still  further,  this  quality  is  inherent  in 
barrels  or  cans  of  sawdust,  piles  of 
shavings,  bundles  of  rags  or  waste,  etc., 
so  that  they  should  never  be  allowed  to 
remain  in  any  shop  or  factory  over  night 
because  there  is  always  the  probability, 
especially   if  they   get  damp  or  wet  of 


exploding  or  lighting  up  from  witbLi 
themselves. 

We  might  instance  the  fact  of  tin- 
knives  of  a  planer  striking  a  hard  knot, 
piece  of  stone  grit  or  small  pebble  in  the 
surface  of  the  wood,  sending  a  spark 
into  the  pile  of  shavings  under  the  ma- 
chine or  into  the  dust  and  shavings  col- 
lector tubes,  thus  starting  a  fire  with 
serious  consequences.  We  could  quote 
fires  occuring  from  over-heated  glue 
pots,  sparks  from  emery  wheels,  butts  of 
cigarettes  and  cigars,  half  burnt  lighted 
matches,  thrown  down  on  floors  when 
smoking,  starting  fires  which  caused  loss 
of  life  besides  destroying  the  plant  and 
property. 

To  keep  away  the  source  of  danger  is 
of  the  first  importance,  to  be  continually 
on  guard  against  it  is  the  second,  and 
to  have  the  means  to  fight  and  overcome 
it  is  the  third. 

Custom,  as  a  rule,  breeds  carelessness, 
and  the  latter  usually  begets  accident  or 
disaster. 

In  the  prevention  of  fires  it  might  be 
said  this  duty  is  more  that  of  the  pro- 
prietor, superintendent  and  foreman 
than  that  of  the  employes,  who  in  the 
rapidity  and  continuous  movement  of 
their  manipulations  have  not  time  to  ob- 
serve hazard,  unless  it  comes  directly 
within  the  vision  of  the  machine  or  tool 
which  each  operates. 

On  the  diligence  and  vigilance  of 
those  in  charge  thereof  the  safety,  suc- 
cess and  continuance  of  these  shops  and 
factories  depends.  The  installing  and 
maintenance  of  adequate  sprinklers,  ex- 
tinguishers, water  pails  and  such  like 
are  essential  and  are  becoming  more 
mandatory  by  law  as  time  progresses. 

Of  course,  self-preservation  being  the 
first  law  of  nature  it  behooves  everyone 
— master,  man  and  boy — each  to  do  his 
utmost  to  preserve  an  1  keep  safe  the 
place  and  means  in  which  he  earns  his 
livelihood  for  the  mutual  benefit  and 
safety  of  all. 

Fire,  like  water,  is  a  good  servant, 
but    a    terrible    master,    then    it    should 


20 


THE    CARPENTER 


never  be  allowed,  as  far  as  it  can  be 
possible  prevented  to  get  the  upper  hand, 
not  allowed  to  even  glimmer  in  the 
buildings  of  the  above  mentioned  crafts 
and  industries,  so  let  us  conclude  with 


the  short  admonition: 

Time  and  the  hours  run 
Through  the  roughest  day; 

Watch  out,  and  work, 

Be  careful  while  ye  may. 


COOPERATIVE  BUYING— ITS  FUTURE 


J  N  speaking  of  the  future 
method  whereby  the  run- 
ning expenses  of  the  or- 
dinary family  can  be  cur- 
tailed, the  "Christian 
Science  Monitor"  has  this 
to  say : 

Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  the  idea 
of  co-operative  buying  in  communities 
has,  during  the  past  few  years,  been 
given  a  decided  forward  impetus  in 
the  United  States,  there  are  today  thou- 
sands in  America  who  are  in  total 
ignorance  of  the  benefits  which  are  being 
obtained  by  many  through  this  legiti- 
mate method  of  saving  in  their  daily  ex- 
penditures. In  1918,  there  was  organ- 
ized in  America  the  National  Co-opera- 
tive Association,  as  a  result  of  the  First 
National  Convention  of  the  American 
Co-operative  Societies  in  Springfield, 
111.,  and  the  movement  has  spread  with 
considerable  rapidity  since  then.  In 
England  for  many  years,  especially  un- 
der the  auspices  of  the  English  Co-opera- 
tive Wholesale  the  plan  has  been  widely 
utilized,  and  today  this  latter  organiza- 
tion has  been  described  as  the  largest 
food  supply  establishment  in  the  world, 
one  single  purchase  recently  being  10,- 
000  acres  of  wheat  land  in  Saskatche- 
wan. During  1921,  for  instance,  the  4,- 
500,000  members  of  the  3,700  wholesale 
and  co-operative  societies  purchased 
nearly  $750,000,000  worth  of  the  nec- 
essities of  existence  at  a  net  saving  of 
more  than  10  per  cent  to  the  customers. 

Elsewhere  in  Europe  there  also  are 
many  such  societies,  to  the  extent,  in- 
deed, that  the  federation  of  the  national 
groups  from  most  of  the  countries  of  the 


continent  numbers  in  its  membership  nc 
fewer  than  30,000,000  individuals.  Even 
Iceland,  Burma,  and  Siberia  have  or- 
ganized  societies  to  put  into  practice  this 
idea,  and  have  found  them  decidedly 
beneficial. 

The  plan  is,  of  course,  the  simple  one 
of  buying  in  wholesale  lots  instead  of  at 
retail,  whereby,  with  ordinary  manage- 
ment, it  has  been  found  that  at  least 
one-tenth  of  the  cost  of  the  daily  neces- 
sities can  be  saved.  It  may  be  a  sur 
prise  to  some  to  learn  that  at  the  present 
time  Iowa  has  300  such  societies,  Penn- 
sylvania has  200,  and  Illinois,  Missouri, 
and  Oklahoma  each  about  100.  And 
benefits  are  universally  reported. 

What  will  be  the  result,  if  the 
progress  that  the  movement  of  co-opera- 
tive buying  has  been  making  con 
tinues  with  as  much  vigor  as  it  ha3 
shown  of  late,  it  is  difficult  to  say.  There 
are  some,  perhaps  its  over-enthusiastic 
advocates,  who  profess  to  see  therein  a 
complete  social  system,  which,  they  say, 
is  destined  to  change  the  entire  view- 
point of  the  world.  There  are  others 
who  see  in  it  little  more  than  a  helpful 
plan  whereby  the  average  individual  may 
be  able  to  keep  down  his  daily  expendi- 
tures. Certain  it  is  that  any  practical 
method  whereby  the  running  expenses  of 
the  ordinary  family  can  be  curtailed  at 
least  one-tenth  appeals  to  almost  every- 
one. Certain  it  is  also  that,  sooner  or 
later,  this  movement  is  likely  to  demand 
the  attention  of  practically  all,  and  it  is 
well  to  be  ready  to  decide  one's  relation- 
ship to  what  seems  destined  to  be  such  a 
world-wide  activity,  intelligently  and 
with  the  consideration  of  its  merits. 


T  the  Forty-second  Annual 
Convention  of  the  Ameri- 
can Federation  of  Labor, 
held  in  Cincinnati,  O., 
June,  1922,  Mr.  Thomas 
J.  Duffy,  Chairman  of  the 
Industrial  Commission  spoke  on 
He    said    in 


Ohio 

workmen's    compensation. 

part: 

"Before  passing  our  first  law  over  ten 


WORKMEN'S  COMPENSATION 

years  ago  we  had  an  investigation  that 
covered  a  period  of  five  years  in  the 
largest  industrial  centers  of  our  state. 
As  a  result  of  that  investigation  by  a  I 
committee  appointed  by  the  Governor, 
representing  labor  and  the  employers,  it 
was  ascertained  that  80  per  cent  of  those 
injured  or  the  dependents  of  those  killed 
in  the  course  of  their  employment,  were 
paid  no  compensation  or  damages  what- 


THE    CARPENTER 


21 


ever.  Among  the  20  per  cent  that  did 
recover  damages,  .$832  was  the  average 
amount  recovered  in  death  cases.  Out  of 
this  they  had  to  pay  from  25  to  50  per 
cent  for  lawyer  fees,  besides  going 
through  a  period  of  litigation  which  took 
months  and  in  many  cases  years.  There 
was  one  famous  case  in  our  state  that 
went  through  the  courts  for  a  period  of 
21  years,  and  when  the  final  decision 
was  given  by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
;state  all  the  claimants,  including  their 
heirs,  were  dead ;  there  was  no  one  liv- 
ing to  whom  the  award  of  the  court  could 
be  paid. 

"This  illustrates  the  injustice  that  ob- 
tained under  the  old  system,  and  there- 
fore from  our  standpoint,  in  behalf  of 
the  laboring  people,  we  sought  a  system 
that  would  give  to  each  and  every  work- 
er injured  in  the  course  of  employment, 
and  to  his  dependents  in  case  of  death, 
a  certain  specific  amount  of  compensa- 
tion. And  we  wanted  a  system  whereby 
these  unfortunate  victims  of  industrial 
accidents  could  get  that  compensation 
without  having  to  engage  lawyers  or 
wait  for  months  or  years  to  have  their 
rights  decided  by  a  court  of  law. 

"Hence,  we  adopted  a  workmen's 
compensation  system,  and  you  can  get 
an  idea  of  the  vital  importance  of  this 
matter  when  I  say  that  in  the  State  of 
Ohio  alone  the  awards  of  compensation 
made  last  year  will  amount  to  $13,000,- 
000.  You  can  realize  how  much  it  means 
to  the  laboring  people  of  the  United 
;States  when  in  one  state  alone  it  means 
$13,000,000  going  into  the  homes  of  the 
unfortunates  who  have  been  robbed  of 
the  bread  winners  because  of  industrial 
accidents. 

"Since  the  chief  distinction  of  the 
Ohio  law,  compared  with  most  of  the 
other  laws,  is  the  state  insurance  fea- 
ture, I  take  it  for  granted  that  you  want 
me  to  emphasize  or  dwell  on  that  fea- 
ture more  than  any  other. 

"We  started  ten  years  ago  on  the  1st 
<of  March.  The  only  plan  provided  un- 
der our  law  at  that  time  was  the  state 
insurance  feature.  The  employers  were 
given  the  privilege  of  paying  into  this 
:state  insurance  fund,  and  were  exempt- 
ed from  law  suits,  because  their  em- 
ployes would  be  entitled  to  compensation 
in  case  of  injury  or  death.  For  the  first 
two  years  the  law  was  optional,  and  we 
were  given  the  duty  of  creating  that 
fund.  The  State  Legislature  had  not 
;seen  fit  to  provide  one  dollar  as  work- 


ing capital  whereby  there  would  be  a  nu- 
cleus in  the  fund  as  an  inducement  to 
employers  to  pay  in  their  premium, 
knowing  that  there  was  going  to  be  a 
solvent  fund. 

"We  were  up  against  the  proposition 
of  starting  with  an  empty  treasury.  We 
went  out  over  the  state  and  laid  our 
proposition  before  the  employers.  We 
appealed  to  them  from  a  business  stand- 
point and  from  a  humanitarian  stand- 
point. We  waited  for  two  or  three  days, 
when  we  received  a  check  for  $200, 
which  we  thought  was  a  very  good  be- 
ginning. We  went  along  from  day  to 
day  looking  for  the  checks  to  come  in. 
At  the  end  of  the  first  year  we  had  re- 
ceived probably  $100,000,  or  a  little 
more. 

"All  during  this  time  we  were  fighting 
with  the  insurance  companies.  The  in- 
surance companies  had  laid  everything 
in  our  way;  they  had  done  all  in  their 
power  by  using  their  6,000  agents  in  the 
state  and  using  all  the  means  at  their 
command  to  make  this  plan  a  failure. 
When  the  next  session  of  the  Legisla- 
ture convened  the  line  of  battle  was 
drawn.  The  State  Federation  of  Labor 
had  gone  on  record  for  a  compulsory 
law.  The  people  of  the  state,  in  the 
meantime,  had  adopted  a  constitutional 
amendment  to  permit  that  to  be  done. 
When  we  met  before  the  State  Legisla- 
ture the  insurance  companies  were  on 
one  side  and  some  employers  were  lined 
up  with  them ;  the  State  Federation  of 
Labor  was  on  one  side,  with  some  of  the 
employers  lined  up  with  them.  We 
thrashed  this  matter  out  and  succeeded 
in  defeating  the  insurance  companies. 

"Since  that  time  we  have  collected 
into  this  State  Insurance  Fund  $77,000,- 
000.  At  the  present  time  we  have  in 
this  fund  $40,000,000. 

"If  we  were  called  upon  today  to  pay 
off  all  our  obligations  for  compensation 
in  cases  that  have  already  been  decided, 
it  would  take  $36,000,000.  We  have  a 
net  surplus  of  over  $4,000,000.  We 
can  understand  why  we  must  carry  this 
big  balance.  A  death  claim  is  not  paid 
out  for  eight  years,  except  in  rare  cases, 
where  we  allow  a  lump  sum  award.  A 
total  disability  claim  continues  for  life. 
Our  plan  is  to  collect  enough  each  year 
to  take  care  of  the  industrial  accidents 
occurring  in  that  year,  even  though  some 
of  them  will  not  be  paid  out  for  eight, 
ten,  or  perhaps  twenty  years.     We  feel 


22 


THE    CARPENTER 


that  is  the  only  sound  actuarial  system 
to  conduct  a  fund  of  that  kind. 

"Our  cost  of  administration,  which  is 
paid  out  of  the  general  tax  fund  of  the 
state,  has  been  the  equivalent  of  3  per 
cent  of  the  earned  premiums  collected.  I 
mention  that  for  a  comparison  with  the 
insurance  companies,  who  in  the  vari 
ous  states  where  they  operate  have 
cost  of  administration  of  37%  per  cent. 
This  explains  why  95  per  cent  of  the 
employers  of  Ohio  today  stand  shoulder 
to  shoulder  with  the  State  Federation  of 
Labor  in  support  of  this  State  Insurance 
Fund  against  the  insurance  companies. 


"During  the  past  two  or  three  years, 
there  has  been  great  difficulty  in  some 
parts  of  this  state  in  getting  money  to 
finance  public  improvements.  That  hap- 
pened to  occur  during  the  time  when 
thousands  of  our  people  were  out  of  em- 
ployment. During  that  period  when  we 
were  investing  this  surplus,  we  gave 
preference  to  the  purchase  of  road  bonds 
and  school  bonds,  where  the  money  was 
to  be  used  for  the  building  of  roads  and 
the  building  of  schoolhouses.  In  that 
way  we  made  it  possible  to  go  ahead 
with  the  public  improvements  of  the 
state,  and  at  the  same  time  we  helped 
to  provide  employment  for  some  of  our 
needy  unemployed  workers.  If  we  had 
not  had  this  fund,  these  millions  of 
dollars  would  have  been  paid  to  the 
insurance  companies  and  would  have 
been  sent  to  New  York,  New  Haven  and 
some  of  it  to  Europe :  we  would  not 
have  had  this  opportunity  to  take  care 
of  the  public  needs  of  the  State  of  Ohio. 

"I  want  now  to  take  up  the  argu- 
ments of  the  opposition,  because  I  feel 
if  I  can  be  of  any  service  to  you  in  giv- 
ing you  an  understanding  of  the  prin- 
ciples involved  it  is  by  meeting  the 
arguments  of  the  other  side  and  giving 
you  our  side  of  it. 

' 'First.     Why  did  we  change  from  the 

old  system  to  this  new  system,  known 
as  workmen's  compensation?  We  want- 
ed to  eliminate  the  waste  that  was  paid 
out  for  lawyer's  fees  and  for  a  kind  of 
insurance  that  did  not  provide  anything 
for  the  injured  worker.  We  wanted  to 
eliminate  the  protracted  litigation  that 
meant  something  to  the  victims.  If  in 
the  process  of  eliminating  that  waste 
there  is  any  good  reason  why  we  should 
stop  at  the  point  where  it  interferes  with 
the  insurance   companies'   profits,   there 


is  equally  as  good  a  reason  why  wej 
should  stop  at  the  point  where  it  inter-J 
feres  with  the  lawyer's  fees.  And  if  wej 
are  not  going  to  interfere  with  the  prof-l 
its  of  the  insurance  companies  or  with! 
the  lawyer's  fees,  I  can  not  see  how  wej 
are  going  to  make  much  progress  in  the| 
elimination  of  that  waste. 


a  "What  do  they  say  against  this? 

"  'Why,  this  is  a  monopoly,  and  a 
monopoly  is  an  odious  thing;  that  it 
doesn't  make  any  difference  whether  it 
is  a  public  or  a  private  monopoly,  it 
should  be  abolished."  '  Well  what  do 
you  understand  by  a  monopoly  in  its 
odious  sense?  Isn't  it  a  combination  or 
a  privilege  which  permits  those  who 
control  that  combination  and  that  priv- 
ilege to  exact  exorbitant  prices  from 
consumers  in  rider  to  make  excessive 
profit  for  themselves? 


"Now.  what  is  the  object  of  the  State 
of  Ohio  in  taking  over  this  insurance 
business  as  a  monopoly?  It  is  for  the 
purpose  of  preventing  any  individual  or 
any  corporation  from  making  profits  out 
of  the  broken  bones,  amputated  limbs  j 
or  crushed-out  lives  of  the  laboring  peo-' 
pie  of  Ohio.  To  any  man  who  says  to 
me  that  he  doesn't  see  any  difference  in 
these  two  so-called  monopolies,  I  say 
there  is  something  wrong  either  with  his 
mind  or  with  his  conscience. 

"  'Why,  this  is  Socialism,  state  owner- 
ship, and  if  you  business  men  in  Ohio 
are  going  to  help  take  over  our  insurance 
besiness  this  year,  then  next  year  or 
some  succeeding  year  the  state  will  take 
over  your  shoe  business,  your  steel  busi- 
ness, and  every  other  kind  of  business.' 
They  used  that  in  every  way  they  pos- 
sibly could  as  propaganda  as  a  means  of 
defeating  or  injuring  this  proposition. 

"Here  is  our  argument  on  that:  Why 
does  a  manufacturing  business  or  an 
agricultural  business  exist?  What 
brings  it  into  existence?  Is  it  not  be- 
cause the  natural  needs  of  mankind  de- 
mand these  agricultural  and  manufac- 
tured products?  If  there  never  was  any 
legislation  on  these  subjects,  we  would 
still  have  these  natural  needs  for  these 
products.  Wherever  workmen's  com- " 
pensation  insurance  exists,  or  even  fire 
insurance  or  general  accident  insurance, 
why  does  such  a  business  exist?  With 
workmen's  compensation  insurance  it  is  . 
brought  into  existence  as  a  business,  be- 
cause the  proper  legislative  tribunal  has 


THE    CARPENTER 


23 


passed  a  law  imposing  a  new  legal  obli- 
gation upon  the  employer  and  confer- 
ring new  legal  rights  upon  the  victims  of 
industrial  accidents. 

"When  the  state  passes  such  a  law  it 
is  done  as  a  matter  of  public  policy,  to 
meet  some  social  or  public  need.  If, 
then,  the  state  as  a  matter  of  public 
policy  brings  into  existence  a  business 
for  the  purpose  of  meeting  a  public- 
need,  how  can  it  be  said  logically  and 
consistently  that  the  business  should 
be  left  to  private  enterprise  rather  than 
to  public  control?  I  say  it  is  not  rea- 
sonable and  it  is  not  logical. 

"Then  they  say  you  cannot  succeed 
without  compensation,  and  use  that  old 
argument  that  competition  is  the  life  of 
trade.  I  was  down  in  Missouri  a  couple 
of  years  ago  talking  to  the  Legislature, 
and  some  very  able  lawyer — who,  no 
doubt,  got  a  good  fee  for  his  speech — 
dwelt  on  this  phase  of  it  and  said :  'It  is 
impossible  to  succeed  in  any  business 
without  competition.'  Well,  the  best 
argument  we  have  to  use  today  is  that 
we  have  succeeded.  There  is  the  proof, 
the  solvency  of  the  State  Insurance 
Fund,  the  general  satisfaction  given  the 
laboring  people  and  the  employers  of  the 
state. 

"I  know  the  thought  is  natural  in  your 
minds :  'Well,  what  difference  does  it 
make  to  that  laboring  man  where  this 
money  comes  from?  As  long  as  he  gets 
his  compensation,  why  should  he  care 
whether  it  comes  from  a  state  fund,  an 
insurance  fund,  or  the  employer  him- 
self?' Perhaps  from  the  standpoint  of 
dollars  and  cents  in  any  individual  case 
it  might  not  make  any  difference,  but  my 
ten  years  of  experience  justifies  me  in 
making  this  statement:  That  with  all 
the  influences  that  are  at  work  to  help 
the  injured  worker  to  get  his  rights 
under  the  workmen's  compensation  law, 
there  is  too  large  a  percentage  of  the 
workers  who  are  too  timid  to  insist  upon 
then-  rights.  Many  times  the  question 
of  four  weeks'  compensation  is  some- 
thing which  might  mean  to  the  work- 
men's family  the  giving  up  of  some  of 
the  comforts  of  life,  but  that  workman 
might  be  surrounded  by  some  condi- 
tions that  intimidate  him  from  prose- 
cuting that  claim  for  compensation.  The 
result  is  that  many  times  he  thinks  it 
is  better  to  let  those  four  weeks  go  by 


and    make    no    complaint    than    take    a 
chance  on  losing  his  job. 

"When  he  has  to  deal  with  an  insur- 
ance company  that  is  in  the  business  for 
profit  the  employer  turns  over  that  part 
of  his  business  to  the  insurance  com- 
pany, and  it  is  one  of  the  terms  of  their 
contract,  invariably,  that  the  employer 
must  let  the  insurance  company  adjust 
the  matter  according  to  its  own  methods. 

"On  the  other  hand,  take  it  under  our 
state  fund  feature.  The  injured  worker 
applies  to  the  State  Department  for  his 
compensation.  He  makes  out  his  own 
claim.  The  employer  is  asked  to  verify 
the  facts.  If  the  employer  verifies  the 
facts  it  practically  settles  that  case.  If 
he  will  not  verify  the  facts,  then  the 
commission  will  make  an  investigation 
to  find  out  whether  or  not  the  employer 
is  justified  in  refusing  to  sign  the  appli- 
cation. In  every  case  the  State  Depart- 
ment is  brought  into  touch  with  the  in- 
dividual worker  in  order  to  see  that  he 
gets  his  compensation. 

"More  than  99  per  cent  of  the  claims 
for  compensation  under  the  state  insur- 
ance feature  are  settled  by  the  filing  of 
the  application  made  out  by  the  injured 
worker  and  signed  by  the  employer. 
There  is  not  1  per  cent  of  the  cases  in 
which  there  is  a  contest  between  em- 
ployer or  employe  or  in  which  anybody 
appears  before  the  commission. 

"After  ten  years  of  this  procedure,  you 
can  understand  that  if  it  was  not  work- 
ing satisfactorily  I  would  not  dare  make 
this  statement  in  the  presence  of  officials 
of  the  State  Federation  of  Labor  whom 
I  know  will  back  up  every  word  I  say  in 
this  respect.  I  don't  think  you  can  find 
that  condition  under  any  other  system 
of  law  in  the  United  States. 

"Another  reason  why  in  Ohio  we  do 
not  want  the  insurance  companies  in  on 
it  is  that  it  will  bring  in  another  factor 
from  a  political  standpoint  that  will 
tamper  with  the  legislation  and  tamper 
with  the  administration  of  law.  The 
insurance  companies  try  to  get  the  law 
amended  to  suit  their  purposes,  and  we 
have  to  meet  them  in  every  session  of 
the  Legislature  to  forestall  that. 

"I  believe  the  industrial  problem  in 
all  its  phases  means  more  to  the  Ameri- 
can people  than  does  the  solution  of  any 
political  problem  that  now  confronts  us." 


24 


THE     CARPENTER 

ACHIEVEMENTS  OF  THE   UNORGANIZED 

(By  William  A.  Logan.) 


'VERY  unorganized  worker 
has  one  or  more  excuses 
for  not  belonging  to  a 
union.  Organized  work- 
ers, especially  those  who 
have  been  active  in  trying 
to  induce  others  to  organize,  have  been 
kept  busy  knocking  down  the  straw 
dummies  set  up  by  the  non-union  work- 
er, who  is  always  offering  some  feeble 
excuses  or  unfair  criticism  as  a  reason 
for  staying  unorganized. 

When  asked  to  organize,  the  non- 
union worker  commences  to  find  fault 
with  the  union. 

"The  unions  have  never  done  any- 
thing; they  are  the  cause  of  strikes  and 
are  always  stirring  up  trouble;  union  of- 
ficers are  crooks  and  grafters ;  the  work- 
er snever  stick  together  anyway ;  the 
unions  are  too  radical  and  are  not  run 
right" — and  so  on  and  so  on  from  Alpha 
to  Omega. 

The  great  mass  of  unorganized  have 
never  done  anything  but  stand  on  the 
side  lines  and  look  on  while  the  organ- 
ized workers  have  been  making  this  a 
better  world  to  live  in. 

They  have  assumed  the  role  of  critics, 
always  finding  fault,  never  satisfied  with 
anything,  and  always  taking  the  ad- 
vantages gained  by  the  toil  and  sacrifices 
of  the  organized  without  even  trying,  to 
be  honest  and  give  credit  to  those  who 
are  responsible  for  the  creation  of  better 
conditions. 

What  have  the  unorganized  ever  done 
to  shorten  the  hours  of  labor?     Nothing! 

What  have  the  unorganized  ever  done 
to  increase  the  size  of  pay  envelopes? 
Nothing ! 

What  have  the  unorganized  ever  done 
to  abolish  child  labor?     Nothing! 

What  have  the  unorganized  ever  done 
to  help  enact  laws  that  will  protect  the 
life  and  limb  of  the  workers  in  the  vari- 
ous industries?     Nothing! 


to  curb  the  power  of  the  unjust  and  un- 
fair foreman  in  the  shop?     Nothing! 

Where  have  the  unorganized  ever  gone 
on  strike  and  won  without  the  help,  en- 
couragement and  advice  of  the  organ- 
ized?    Nowhere! 

What  have  the  unorganized  ever  done 
to  educate  the  workers  and  elevate  them 
mentally  ?     Nothing ! 

Is  there  any  advance  that  has  ever 
been  made  by  the  workers  at  any  time 
in  the  history  of  the  world  that  the  un- 
organized have  been  responsible  for? 
No! 

What  can  the  unorganized  do  to  ad- 
vance    the     cause     of     the     workers? 

The  unorganized  are  the  millstones 
around  the  neck  of  progress;  they  are 
the  dead  weight,  the  inert,  sodden,  in- 
articulate mass  that  must  be  dragged 
up  whenever  an  advance  is  made.  They 
are  the  blind  that  lead  the  blind;  they 
stand  in  their  own  light  and  bite  the 
hand  that  feeds  them. 

They  are  the  bulwark  of  the  capitalist 
system;  without  them  it  could  not  exist, 
and  there  would  be  no  army  of  unem- 
ployed ever  ready  at  hand  to  be  used  as 
a  club  in  the  hands  of  those  who  exploit 
the  workers. 

The  unions  may  have  many  faults 
and  shortcoming?.  They  may  sometimes 
fail  to  accomplish  as  much  as  they 
should.  Strikes  may  be  lost  and  the  ad- 
vance of  the  workers  may  be  slow,  but 
if  these  things  are  true  it  is  because  the 
organized  workers  have  many  obstacles 
to  overcome;  a  hard  road  to  travel,  and 
a  heavy  pack  to  carry,  all  of  which  is 
due  to  the  fact  that  the  unorganized 
are  not  organized  and  because  of  their 
failure  to  assist  and  co-operate  with 
those  who  are  really  doing  things. 

So,  after  all,  what  have  the  unor- 
ganized accomplished? 

The  sum  total  of  their  achievements  Is 
nothing ! 


What  have  the  unorganized  ever  done 


Why  talk  so  much  about  nothing? 


Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 
THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD   OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

Published   on   the   15th   of  each   month  at  the 

CARPENTERS'  BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD  OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA. 

Publishers 

FRANK  DUFFY,  Editor 

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plaints to  your  local  Post  Office. 


INDIANAPOLIS,  NOVEMBER,   1922 

Labor  and  Industrial  Conditions 

The  Rev.  Nicholas  Huemmer  in  a  vig- 
orous sermon  on  "Labor  and  Industrial 
Conditions"  given  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind., 
-on  Aug.  20th,  said  in  part: 

"The  masses  of  men  will  never  live 
rightly  and  the  men  of  power,  of  influ- 
ence, will  never  act  rightly  and  justly 
unless  they  are  impelled  by  a  living  and 
■enlightened-  conscience. 

"The  social  order  of  mankind  con- 
tains within  itself  a  class  of  men  whose 
existence  as  a  class  has  ever  met  with 
the  most  varied  and  the  most  startling 
alterations,  a  class  now  the  object  of 
veneration  and  of  love,  now  of  hatred. 
It  is  a  class  as  dear  to  me  as  it  is  to 
you,  it  is  the  working  class.  The  work- 
ing man  may  yet  count  upon  the  gen- 


erous enthusiasm  of  many  a  noble  heart 
to  promote  his  interest  and  capable  of 
indefatigable  efforts  upon  his  behalf. 
Unfortunately,  however,  the  working- 
man  has  many  enemies,  some  of  whom 
seek  to  oppress  him,  others  to  deceive 
him,  whilst  both  combine  to  make  a  vic- 
tim of  him  if  by  so  doing  their  purpose 
would  be  served.  Foremost  among  these 
are  his  materialistic  employers,  men 
without  heart,  who,  far  from  recogniz- 
ing in  the  artisan  a  brother  see  nothing 
in  him  but  a  machine,  a  machine  made 
flesh  and  bone  to  be  used  in  order  to 
accumulate  riches  for  his  employer. 
These  are  the  men  who  make  use  of  the 
creature  of  their  conception  as  long  as  he 
can  serve  them,  who  profit  by  his  labors 
as  long  as  it  can  avail  them  and  then 
cast  him  off.  The  working  man's  best 
friend  is  the  friend  who  can  best  sho^v 
him  wherein  lies  the  real  dignity  of  his 
calling,  for  whatever  may  be  his  grade 
in  the  so-called  social  scale,  man  has 
need  of  this  conviction. 

"It  will  ever  prove  to  him  a  scource 
of  real  consolation,  and  if  deprived  of 
it,  his  energies  will  completely  fail  him 
and  there  is  nothing  left  for  him  but 
ruin  and  despair. 

"Conditions  as  we  find  them  today 
have  not  come  about  in  a  year  or  two, 
or  even  in  a  hundred  years,  but  they 
are  the  gradual  development  of  centuries 
of  oppression  and  materialistic  teaching, 
and  godless  philosophy,  practiced  and 
sown  broadcast  by  the  very  men  upon 
whom  it  is  reacting. 

"Go  back  to  the  "Middle  Ages"  and 
you  will  behold  the  greatness  and  right- 
eousness of  those  Ages  and  yet  they 
called  them  the  "Dark  Ages. 

"Cron,  the  historian,  says  of  the  Mid- 
dle Ages : 

"  'Politically  it  was  a  time  of  increas- 
ing liberty  for  the  subject,  of  increasing 
responsibility  for  the  sovereign.  Com- 
merce and  industry  become  almost  per- 
fectly organized,  and  the  workman  oc- 
cupied a  position  more  dignified  and 
more  satisfactory  to  himself  than  he  has 
aquired  since.  Do  you  know  that  the 
Middle  Ages,  when  the  Guild  system  ex.- 


26 


THE    CARPENTER 


isted  are  called  the  Golden  Age  of  the 
laborer?  With  the  passing  of  the  me- 
dieval guilds,  the  golden  age  of  the  la- 
borer was  coming  to  an  end  and  labor  be- 
came a  commodity  like  all  other  com- 
modities. With,  the  removal  of  the  guild 
restrictions  the  way  was  now  open  for 
political  autocracy  and  for  individual 
capitalism.  The  present  domestic  sys- 
tem, the  factory  system,  and  the  indus- 
trial revolution  are  the  outcome,  and  the 
toiling  classes  were  ground  more  and 
more  helplessly  beneath  the  feet  of  that 
merciless  idol  of  modern  commercia- 
lism.' " 

*      *      * 

Jurisdiction  Strikes  Not  Unions'  Code 

In  directing  that  a  conference  be 
called  to  consider  jurisdictional  differ- 
ences between  carpenters  and  sheet 
metal  workers,  A.  F.  of  D.  Executive 
Council  deplored  the  several  strikes  that 
have  resulted  over  this  situation.  In 
emphasizing  the  fact  that  the  policy  of 
the  A.  F.  of  L.  in  jurisdictional  disputes 
has  been  conciliatory,  rather  than  force- 
ful, the  Executive  Council  said : 

"A  careful  review  and  analysis  of  all 
decisions  and  actions  by  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
clearly  shows  that  the  A.  F.  of  L.  has 
never  approved  or  indorsed  compulsory 
arbitration  in  any  matter  affecting  the 
relations  of  workers  and  employers,  or 
in  any  manner  affecting  the  relations  be- 
tween organizations  of  labor ;  that  where 
agreements  upon  jurisdiction  or  deci- 
sions relating  to  jurisdictional  claims 
have  been  questioned  or  disregarded  by 
affiliated  International  Unions,  the  se- 
verest penalty  ever  imposed  by  the  A. 
F.  of  L.  has  been  the  suspension  of  such 
organizations  from  membership  until 
such  time  as  they  might  adhere  to  the 
agreements  reached  or  decisions  made, 
but  that  the  A.  F.  of  L.  at  no  time  en- 
couraged, authorized,  approved  or  coun- 
tenanced a  strike  on  the  part  of  any  of 
its  affiliated  Locals  for  International 
Unions  for  the  purpose  of  enforcing  such 
agreements  or  decisions  upon  an  unwill- 
ing organization. 

"There  is  no  power  in  the  A.  F.  of  L. 
to  order  or  to  support  a  strike  for  the 
enforcement  of  jurisdictional  decisions 
or  awards,  and  surely  the  power  never 
vested  in  the  A.  F.  of  L.  itself  cannot  be 
exercised,  delegated  to  or  even  counten- 
anced when  exercised  by  any  subordin- 
ate body  of  the  A.  F.  of  D. 

"The  Executive  Council,  therefore, 
calls  upon  the  Building  Trades  Depart- 


ment to  carry  into  effect  the  funda- 
mental facts  and  principles  herein  de- 
clared and  at  once  to  convey  the  above' 
to  the  Building  Trades  Councils  affiliated 
to  the  Department,  and  particularly  that 
strikes  of  union  workmen  against  other 
union  workmen  are  intolerabel  and  must 
be  instantly  discontinued.  In  so  doing 
the  Executive  Council  is  prompted  not 
only  by  the  desire  to  assure  the  fulfill- 
ment of  the  guarantees  of  trade  auton- 
omy and  limited  delegated  authority 
granted  to  the  A.  F.  of  L.  and  its  sub- 
ordinate departments  by  its  affiliated 
International  Unions,  but  is  moved  also 
to  this  end  by  a  spirit  which  seeks  toi 
avoid  the  deplorable  and  untenable  posi- 
tion of  having  union  men  and  trade 
union  organizations  striking  against  one 
another.  The  Council  is  further  moved 
by  the  desire  to  create  a  state  of  mind 
that  will  permit  it  to  prove  helpful  in 
effecting  an  adjustment  of  the  original 
controversy  underlying  the  present  un- 
fortunate state  of  affairs  prevailing 
among  the  building  trades  unions." 
*      *      * 

Lives  of  1,000,000  Saved  By  Relief 

At  least  1,000,000  people  are  living  in 
the  Near  East  today  who  would  have 
perished  had  it  not  been  for  American 
relief.  They  are  chiefly  Armenian  and 
other  exiled  subject  races  in  and  about 
Constantinople  and  the  adjoining  ter- 
ritory in  European  Turkey. 

Near  East  Relief  is  the  only  American 
relief  agency  now  operating  extensively 
in  these  areas.  The  annual  report  to 
Congress  by  Charles  V.  Vickery,  Gen- 
eral Secretary,  shows  the  character  and 
scope  of  this  approved  humanitarian 
work.  While  relief  has  been  given  on 
the  basis  of  greatest  need  to  all  de- 
pendent people  of  the  Near  East,  the 
greater  part  of  the  work  has  been  among 
the  Armenians,  Syrians  and  Assyrians.! 

On  account  of  political  conditions  and 
continued  military  operations,  it  is  im- 
possible to  secure  complete  statistics, ' 
but  it  is  certain  that  500,000  people  in 
Russian  Armenia  alone  were  dependent 
upon  relief  a  year  ago. 

The  organization  maintains  thirty- 
eight  hospitals  and  fifty-nine  clinics  and 
conducts  or  supervises  other  dispensary 
and  sanitary  work.  Eighty- eight  thou- 
sand and  four  hundred  and  one  patients 
were  recorded  in  the  last  completed 
monthly  report. 

No  opportunity  is  lost  to  develop  the 
largest  possible  measure  of  self-support 


THE    CARPENTER 


27 


in  connection  with  all  relief  work.  The 
people  naturally  are  frugal,  thrifty  and 
eager  for  their  industrial  independence. 
Given  a  single  year  of  peace  and  stable 
government  free  from  attacks  of  enemies 
and  the  adult  population  would  regain 
complete  self-support. 

Industries  of  various  types,  adapted 
to  the  training  of  men,  women  and 
children,  are  conducted  at  most  of  the 
relief  stations.  At  Rodosto,  5,000  ref- 
uges were  established  on  farm  lands, 
and  a  large  agricultural  development  is 
being  organized  in  the  Caucasus. 
*      *      * 

Strikers  Fight  To  Save  Republic 

"The  fight  for  a  living  wage,  for  a 
much  higher  wage  than  at  present  ob- 
tains, is  a  part  of  the  fight  to  preserve 
the  blessings  transmitted  to  us  by  our 
ancestors.  It  is  a  Christian  fight.  It  is 
a  fight  for  the  home,  the  basis  of  a 
Christian  civilization.  It  is  a  fight  for 
the  child,  to  save  the  nation's  children 
from  poverty  and  the  temptation  that 
poverty  so  often  brings. 

Thus  did  the  Rev.  John  B.  Barnhill, 
a  well-known  clergyman  of  Xenia,  O., 
and  editor  of  "Humanity  First,"  sum  up 
the  struggle  being  made  by  striking 
shopmen  and  miners  in  an  address  de- 
livered at  City  Hall,  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  be- 
fore a  large  audience  of  citizens  gathered 
to  learn  the  cause  of  the  strikes  from 
disinterested  sources. 

"It  may  well  be,"  said  Rev.  Barnhill, 
"that  these  two  strikes  mark  the  zero 
of  our  republic  and  that  now  as  never 
before  our  citizens  will  have  to  go  over 
the  top,  choosing  this  day  whom  they 
will  serve.  Christianity  is  challenged  by 
these  strikes  as  it  never  was  challenged 
before.  The  Golden  Rule,  if  applied  in  a 
thorough  manner,  is  able  to  solve  all 
problems, 

"When  we  see  B.  C.  Forbes  in  his 
magazine  for  March,  1921,  say  in  effect 
that  big  business  does  not  want  good 
times  till  wages  are  brought  down  it  is 
pertinent  for  a  Christian  to  'ask,  'Does 
this  attitude  represent  the  worker  who 
prays,  'Give  us  this  day  our  daily  bread,' 
or  the  bond  speculator  who  prays,  'Give 
us  this  day  our  daily  divident,'  or  the 
profiteer  who  prays,  'Give  us  this  day 
our  daily  melon?' 

"I  hold  no  brief  for  the  unions,  but  it 
is  a  contention  of  so  conservative  an 
authority  as  John  Graham  Brooks  that 
the  unions  are  the  sole  protection  of  the 
nation    against   bloody    revolution.      Jay 


Gould  boasted  that  he  could  hire  one- 
half  the  workers  to  kill  the  other  half. 
That  would  indeed  be  a  revolution  of  the 
first  magnitude,  and  we  owe  it  to  the 
unions  that  Gould's  boast  is  no  longer 
true." 

Wages  that  are  offered  workers,  de- 
clared Rev.  Barnhill,  are  less  than  the 
yearly  cigar  bill  of  employers  and  gov- 
ernment officials  who  are  in  the  con- 
spiracy to  lower  the  standards  of  work- 
ers and  thus  are  attacking  the  very 
foundations  of  the  nation. 

Workers'  Efficiency  Improved 

The  much  discussed  question  of  the 
efficiency  of  American  labor,  particularly 
in  comparison  with  the  standards  of  out- 
put which  prevailed  prior  to  the  war,  is 
the  subject  of  the  principal  article  in  the 
July  number  of  the  "Monthly  Labor  Re- 
view," contributed  by  Ethelbert  Stewert, 
United  States  Commissioner  of  Labor 
Statistics.  Mr.  Stewart  shows  that  the 
basis  for  much  of  the  current  belief  that 
the  American  workman  is  not  as  efficient 
now  as  formerly  is  founded  on  general 
statements  which  have  no  backing  of 
statistical  proof.  Against  this  state  of 
affairs  he  presents  considerable  data 
from  particular  industries  showing  that 
a  proper  consideration  of  all  the  ele- 
ments entering  into  production  does  not 
evidence  a  general  slackening  of  effort 
on  the  part  of  the  workers  but  a  number 
of  industries  increased  efficiency  is 
shown.  Mr.  Stewart  urges  the  need  of 
time-cost  studies  as  a  basis  for  scientific 
measurement  of  labor  efficiency  not  with 
a  veiw  to  "speeding  up"  but  for  the  pur- 
pose of  establishing  a  defnite  standard 
by  which  the  work  may  be  judged. 

In  connection  with  the  subject  of  la- 
bor efficiency  a  review  of  a  recent  speech 
by  a  prominent  coal  operator  shows  the 
excessive  amount  of  "idleday  costs"  in 
the  coal  mining  industry  because  of  the 
overdevelopment  of  the  industry  which 
results  in  the  non-operation  of  many  of 
the  bituminous  coal  of  the  country  for  a 
large  proportion  of  each  year.  The  total 
annual  loss  to  capital  and  labor  because 
of  the  closing  of  the  mines  for  approxi- 
mately 100  days  each  year  is  estimated 
at  more  than  $400,000,000,  more  than 
three-fifths  of  which  represents  lost 
wages.  Moreover,  no  consideration  at 
all  is  given  in  this  figure  to  the  loss  to 
the  genral  public  of  the  productive  effort 
of  this  large  aggregation  of  men  for 
about  one-third  of  the  working  year. 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE  UNITED    BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


General  President 

W1L  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  lad. 

General  Seceetart 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  lad. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Mellsh  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


fourth  District,  JAMES  P.  OGLETREB 

Bradentown,   Fla. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
S536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE 
810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 

San   Francisco,   Cal. 


Seventh  District,  ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord  St.,  Montreal,  Que.,  Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK   DUFFY.,    Secretary 


all  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  most  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receiv- 
ing our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,' 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen- 
eral Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  an., 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for, 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  this 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi- 
nancial Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand- 
ing who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the  General  Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in»- 
to  consideration  that  it  is  necessary  to 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the 
names  of  members  who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  their 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  their 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  are 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attention 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they  will 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financial 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  information 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  and 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  with 
those  who  have  changed  their  address, 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Office 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpose 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  roster 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses, 
only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 
• 

NOTICE 
We  have  had  complaints,  from  time  to 
time,  from  several  of  our  advertisers 
that  they  receive  communications  from 
readers  of  our  Journal  relative  to  their 
advertisements  but  that  the  writers  fail 
to  give  any  address  to  which  to  reply. 
We  would  therefore  request  of  our  read- 
ers that  they  be  careful,  in  writing  to 
advertisers,  to  supply  them  with  their 
full  name  and  address. 


THE     CARPENTER 


29 


Report    of    General    President    Wm.    L. 

Hutcheson  for  the  Third  Quarter 

Ending  September  30,  1922 

To  the  Members  of  the  General  Execu- 
tive Board. 
Brothers — Greetings : 

I  herewith  submit  for  your  considera- 
tion my  report  for  the  third  quarter, 
which  ended  September  30,  1922. 

From  reports  we  have  received  the 
indications  are  that  building  activities 
will  continue  for  sometime.  There  have 
been  instances  where  the  progress  of 
building  has  been  interrupted  due  to  the 
action  of  the  Building  Trades  Depart- 
ment of  the  American  Federation  of 
Labor  attempting  to  force  our  organiza- 
tion to  accept  the  decisions  of  the  Na- 
tional Board  for  Jurisdictional  Awards 
by  having  the  various  building  trades- 
men refuse  to  work  where  members  of 
our  organization  have  been  employed  in 
the  erection  of  metal  trim  and  there 
have  been  occurrences  where  they  have 
gone  so  far  as  to  refuse  to  work  on 
buildings  where  our  men  were  em- 
ployed where  there  was  no  controversy 
over  the  jurisdiction  of  work.  At  the 
last  meeting  of  the  Executive  Council 
of  the  American  Federation  of  Labor, 
Secretary  Duffy  called  to  the  attention 
of  the  Council  the  attitude  the  Building 
Trades  Department  was  taking  and  re- 
quested that  the  Executive  Council  of 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor  take 
action  to  prevent  the  Building  Trades 
Department  from  ordering  the  various 
trades  affiliated  therewith  to  go  on  strike 
against  our  members  and  while  the  Ex- 
ecutive Council  passed  a  resolution  de- 
ploring the  acts  of  the  Building  Trades 
Department  and  setting  forth  the  fact 
that  the  American  Federation  of  Labor 
has  suspended  organizations  because 
they  did  not  recognize  and  adhere  to  de- 
cisions made,  but  at  no  time  had  they 
encouraged  or  countenanced  a  strike  on 
the  part  of  any  of  the  affiliated  Interna- 
tional Unions  to  enforce  decisions  and 
that  the  power  not  vested  in  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor  itself  could  not 
be  exercised  by  a  subordinate  body  of 
the  American  Federation  of  Labor"  and 
they  called  upon  the  Building  Trades 
Department  to  carry  into  effect  the  facts 
as  declared  and  to  at  once  convey  to  the 
Building  Trades  Councils  affiliated  with 
the  Department  the  above. 

They  further  resolved  that  the  entire 
subject  should  receive  further  consider- 


ation and  directed  that  a  conference  be 
hold  between  the  representatives  of  the 
American  Federation  of  Labor,  the 
Building  Trades  Department,  the  Inter- 
national Sheet  Metal  Workers'  Alliance, 
the  National  Board  for  Jurisdictional 
Awards  and  our  Brotherhood,  the  con- 
ference to  be  held  at  the  earliest  possible 
convenience,  the  purpose  of  the  confer- 
ence to  effect  an  adjustment  if  that  be 
possible.  What,  if  anything,  will  come 
of  the  action  of  the  Executive  Council 
remains  to  be  seen  as  in  the  opinion  of 
the  undersigned  they  should  have  been 
more  definite  and  positive  in  their  in- 
structions to  the  Building  Trades  De- 
partment. As  I  view  the  situation,  it 
is  improving  as  contractors  who  are  be- 
ing brought  into  the  controversy  through 
the  action  of  the  Building  Trades  De- 
partment and  the  affiliated  trades  there- 
with are  beginning  to  see  the  ridiculous- 
ness of  the  action  of  the  Department  in 
attempting  to  enforce  the  decision  of 
the  National  Board  for  Jurisdictional 
Awards  and  the  majority,  I  am  quite 
sure  will,  in  the  near  future,  either  de- 
mand that  the  Building  Trades  Depart- 
ment and  the  National  Board  for  Juris- 
dictional Awards  rescind  the  action 
taken  or  they,  the  contractors,  will  dis- 
regard decisions  made. 

As  per  the  action  of  the  General  Ex- 
ecutive Board  at  its  last  meeting,  I  ar- 
ranged to  visit  Europe  for  the  purpose 
of  holding  a  conference  with  the  Ex- 
ecutive Committee  of  the  International 
Union  of  Woodworkers.  Accompanying 
me  as  representatives  of  our  Brother- 
hood were  General  Treasurer  Neale. 
Board  Member  Guerin.  and  Alex  Kelso, 
Secretary  of  the  New  York  District 
Council. 

Prior  to  our  departure. I  corresponded 
with  C.  Woudenberg,  Secretary  of  the 
International  Union  of  Woodworkers,  in- 
forming him  of  the  action  of  our  Gen- 
eral Executive  Board  in  accepting  his 
invitation  to  send  a  committee  repre- 
senting our  Brotherhood  to  confer  with 
the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Inter- 
national Union  of  Woodworkers  and  he 
arranged  for  a  meeting  to  be  held  be- 
tween their  Executive  Committee  which 
is  composed  of  himself,  Messrs.  F.  Tar- 
now,  who  is  President  of  the  German 
Woodworkers,  J.  Spaltman  (Holland), 
F.  Devlaeminch  (Belgium),  A.  Gossip 
(England)  and  W.  Peterson  (Denmark) 
and  same  was  held  in  Amsterdam,  Hol- 
land, August  31,  1922.     They  extended 


30 


THE    CARPENTER 


to  us  a  most  cordial  greeting  and  ex- 
pressed their  appreciation  of  our  having 
arranged  to  confer  with  them  and  gave 
us  an  outline  of  the  aims,  objects  and 
purposes  of  their  International;  also  in- 
formed us  of  the  desire  of  the  Executive 
Committee,  as  well  as  the  various  wood- 
working organizations  affiliated  with 
them  to  have  our  Brotherhood  become  a 
part  of  the  International  Union  of  Wood- 
workers. They  explained  that  their  per 
capita,  or  contributions  as  they  call 
them,  were  based  on  the  Holland  mone- 
tary system  and  were  fifteen  guilders 
per  year  for  every  one  thousand  mem- 
bers and  that  the  meetings  of  the  Inter- 
national Union  of  Vfoodworkers  were 
held  every  three  years,  but  that  there 
were  occasions  when  it  was  found  nec- 
essary to  hold  special  sessions.  The 
total  membership  of  the  nineteen  affili- 
ated woodworking  organizations  which 
comprise  the  International  Union  of 
Woodworkers  is  850,000. 

We  advised  them  that  the  purpose  of 
our  visit  was  to  get  data  in  reference 
to  the  workings  of  their  International, 
the  ratio  of  representation,  the  per  cap- 
ita tax  paid,  benefits,  etc.,  and  that  a  re- 
port would  be  made  to  our  General  Ex- 
ecutive Board,  which  body  would  then 
consider  the  advisability  of  affiliating 
with  their  International  Union.  The 
committee  was  desirous  that  we  convey 
to  our  General  Executive  Board  and  the 
entire  membership  of  our  organization, 
fraternal  greetings,  and  expressed  the 
hope  that  we  would  see  the  advisability 
of  affiliating  with  them. 

While  in  Amsterdam  we  visited  the 
office  of  the  Dutch  Woodworkers'  Or- 
ganization and  they  furnished  us  with 
data  in  reference  to  the  working  condi- 
tions of  their  members  which  were,  a 
forty-five  (45)  hour  week,  for  which 
they  received  from  fifty  to  sixty  (50- 
60)  guilders,  a  guilder  being  equal  to 
40c  in  our  money. 

On  leaving  Amsterdam  we  proceeded 
to  Berlin,  Germany,  visited  the  General 
Office  of  the  German  Woodworkers'  Or- 
ganization, the  membership  of  which  is 
approximately  400,000  and  is  the  largest 
organization  affiliated  with  the  Inter- 
national Union  of  Woodworkers.  We 
learned  that  the  average  wage  of  the 
members  of  their  organization  is  sixty 
marks  per  hour,  which  with  the  rate  of 
exchange  at  the  time  we  were  there, 
would  equal  four  and  one-half  cents  in 
United   States   money.      The  per  capita 


tax,  or  contribution  per  month  of  the 
German  Woodworkers'  Organization  is 
about  equal  to  four  hours'  wages.  The 
strike  pay  or  contribution  is  based  on 
the  number  of  monthly  contributions 
paid  by  the  member ;  the  membership  re- 
ceiving weekly  donations  on  a  percent- 
age basis  of  the  monthly  contributions 
they  have  paid.  This  organization  is 
composed  of  men  who  work  in  the  shops 
and  factories  and  the  men  who  erect  the 
trim  on  buildings ;  they  do  not  include 
in  their  organization  what  they  term 
"carpenters,"  such  designation  being  ap- 
plied to  those  who  are  employed  on 
buildings  to  do  what  we  would  term  "the' 
roughing  in."  The  German  Woodwork- 
ers' Organiza<  m  own  a  very  fine  build- 
ing in  which  t  ;ir  offices  are  located  and 
they  also  ha->  j  an  up-to-date  printing 
plant  in  whicn  they  do  all  of  the  neces- 
sary printing  for  their  General  Office,  as 
well  as  the  Local  Unions  or  branches. 

After  our  stay  in  Berlin,  Germany,  we 
next  visited  Brussels,  Belgium,  and  made 
inquiries  as  to  the  woodworkers  of  that 
country  and  ascertained  that  the  scale 
paid  to  the  Belgium  carpenter  was  as  an 
average  twenty-five  (25)  francs  for 
eight  (8)  hours  per  day,  which  is  about 
equal  to  four  dollars  ($4).  They  also 
informed  us  that  at  the  present  time 
there  is  a  great  demand  for  men,  their 
organization  not  being  able  to  supply  a 
sufficient  number  to  supply  the  demand. 
The  Belgium  Woodworkers'  Organiza- 
tion includes  all  men  of  the  various 
branches  of  the  woodworking  trade. 

From  Brussels  we  proceeded  to  Paris, 
France,  and  called  at  the  headquarters 
of  the  French  Woodworking  Organiza- 
tion, where  we  learned  that  they  have 
an  eight-hour  work  day  for  which  they 
receive  from  three  to  three  and  three 
fourths  francs  per  hour.  We  were  also 
told  that  while  in  the  larger  cities  like 
Paris  there  is  very  little  work  going  on, 
that  they  are  unable  to  supply  a  suf- 
ficient number  of  men  to  meet  the  de- 
mand in  the  rebuilding  of  the  devastated 
district. 

We  learned  that  both  Belgium  and 
France  have  a  law  in  reference  to  the 
eight-hour  work  day,  but  that  there  are 
efforts  being  put  forth  by  the  employers 
to  get  the  Government  to  put  aside  the 
eight-hour  law,  thereby  permitting  them 
to  put  into  effect  a  longer  work  day, 
but  that  the  organized  workers  of  both 
countries  are  objecting  to  any  modifica- 
tion of  the  enforcement  or  observance  of 


THE    CARPENTER 


31 


the  provisions  of  the  law  now  in  effect. 

Before  proceeding  to  Amsterdam  from 
London  we  called  at  the  General  Office 
of  the  Amalgamated  Society  of  Carpen- 
ters at  Manchester,  England.  There  we 
learned  that  A.  G.  Cameron,  the  General 
Secretary,  had  sailed  for  America,  and 
after  visiting  the  United  States  and  Can- 
ada, expected  to  sail  for  New  Zealand 
and  Australia,  but  Mr.  Wolstencroft,  the 
Assistant  General  Secretary,  informed 
us  that  the  Executive  Council  of  the 
Amalgamated  Society  of  Woodworkers 
would  be  in  session  at  their  General 
Office  the  week  beginning  September 
17th,  and  invited  us  to  return  so  that 
we  might  meet  the  Council.  Therefore, 
after  leaving  Paris  we  returned  to  Lon- 
don and  proceeded  to  Manchester,  Eng- 
land, and  met  with  the  Executive  Coun- 
cil of  the  Amalgamated  Society  of  Wood- 
workers on  September  23rd,  at  which 
time  a  general  discussion  took  place  in 
reference  to  the  relationship  existing 
between  the  Amalgamated  Society  and 
our  Brotherhood  and  working  conditions 
of  the  members  of  the  Amalgamated  So- 
ciety throughout  Great  Britain  were  also 
discussed,  and  we  learned  that  they  had 
a  national  understanding  with  the  Con- 
tractors' Association  whereby  the  scale 
of  wages  of  the  men  of  their  Society 
were  arranged  by  zones,  said  scale  being 
subject  to  revision  biannually,  the  cities 
being  classified  as  "A,"  "B,"  "C"  and 
"D,"  the  "A"  class  cities  receiving  one 
shilling  and  eight  pence  per  hour.  There 
being  a  slight  difference  between  the 
"A"  and  other  class  cities,  they  receive 
a  lesser  wage,  the  difference,  however, 
being  very  small.  They  have  throughout 
Great  Britain  a  universal  eight-hour  day, 
forty-four  hours  per  week  prevailing,  the 
demand  for  men  being  what  they  termed 
fair. 

In  discussing  the  affairs  and  condi- 
tions of  the  two  organizations  the  repre- 
sentatives of  the  Amalgamated  Society 
informed  us  that  they  had  brought  about 
the  amalgamation  and  -consolidation  of 
the  various  woodworking  organizations 
so  that  now  the  Amalgamated  Society  of 
Woodworkers  of  Great  Britain  com- 
prised all  men  working  at  the  different 
woodworking  branches  of  the  carpenter 
trade  and  while  they  know  that  the  plan 
of  solidification  gave  to  the  Brotherhood 
autonomy  over  the  militant  end  of  our 
organization,  they  could  readily  under- 
stand the  advantages  that  would  occur 
to  the  membership  if  they  all  held  full 


membership  in  our  Brotherhood. 

Other  matters  as  effecting  the  affairs 
of  our  Brotherhood  will  be  taken  up 
with  you  by  me  during  the  session  of 
the  Board. 

Fraternally  yours, 

WM.  L.   HUTCHESON, 

General  President. 


Report  of  Delegate  to  the  Thirty=Eighth 

Annual  Convention  of  the  Trades 

and  Labor  Congress  of  Canada 

To  the  Members  of  the  General  Execu- 
tive Board. 
Brothers — Greeting : 

As  your  delegate  to  the  Canadian 
Trades  and  Labor  Congress  I  herewith 
submit  to  you  my  report. 

The  Convention  was  held  in  the  City 
of  Montreal,  Province  of  Quebec,  com- 
mencing Monday,  August  21st,  and  con- 
cluded its  sessions  on  Saturday,  August 
26th. 

Mr.  J.  T.  Foster,  President  of  the 
Trades  and  Labor  Council  of  Montreal, 
welcomed  the  delegates,  stating  that 
this  was  the  second  time  he  had  been 
honored  in  welcoming  the  Trades  Cong- 
ress to  the  city. 

Mayor  Martin  also  welcomed  the  dele- 
gates on  behalf  of  the  City  of  Montreal. 
A  union  member  himself  for  over  thirty 
years,  he  was  still  faithful  to  union  prin- 
ciples, although  no  longer  active  in  his 
trade. 

In  a  very  good  address  he  stated  that 
never  had  Organized  Labor  been  so 
formidably  attacked  as  at  the  present 
moment,  and  never  was  there  such  need 
of  standing  together.  He  believed  that 
the  people  who  organized  the  workers 
in  rival  groups,  as  International,  Na- 
tional, Catholic,  O.  B.  U.,  etc.,  might  be 
acting  in  good  faith  sometimes,  but  he 
differed  from  their  opinion. 

Capital  did  not  organize  thus  in 
broken  groups.  Bankers,  lawyers,  no- 
taries, manufacturers,  all  gathered  in 
single  groups  to  defend  their  interests. 
Capital  was  united  in  its  efforts  against 
the  working  classes.  There  was  no 
question  of  race  or  religion  in  earning  a 
living.  The  employer  had  his  rights  and 
they  must  be  respected.  Unfortunately 
there  were  workers  who  did  not  give 
conscientious  service. 

The  worker  was  usually  more  reason- 
able than  capital.  Capital  united  to 
strike  at  the  weakest  enemy  first.  The 
worker  had  the  right  to  bring  up  and 
educate  his  children  properly,  and  put  a 


atter  how  good  a  workman  you  are.  No  matter  how  much 
know  about  your  business  and  the  particular  kind  of  work 
are   doing"  —  there   are  times  when  you  are  bound  to  need 

re  is  just  the  help  you  need  — 

)U  want  to  know  the  newest  and  best  ways  of  doing  things — 

>u  get  stuck  on  some  unusual  piece  of  work — 

»u  want  to  know  all  there  is  to  know  on  any  Building  subject — 

m  want  to  estimate  the  cost  of  any  kind  of  structure — 

m  want  to  write  up  contracts  and  specifications — 

>u  want  to  be  sure  you  are  right  instead  of  guessing — 

n  to  the 

Greatest  Building  Books 

iods  of  25  well  known  building  specialists.  The  finest  and  most  up-to-date  books  ever 
er  everything  a  man  in  your  line  should  know.  5  big  books  crammed  full  of  nioney- 
ore  than  1000  pictures,  blueprints,  plans,  and  diagrams — everything  in  plain  every  day 
)le  as  A  B  C.  Thousands  of  sets  have  been  sold  to  carpenters,  contractors,  architects, 
jl  classes  of  work.     See  our  trial  offer  below  that  puts  a  set  in  your  hands  for  one  week 


ny  Money 

pon.  It  brings  all  five 
I  you  please  for  a  whole 
I  carefully.  Show  them 
ten  and  send  them  back 
I  don't  think  they  are 
I  you  are  satisfied  with 
I  send  us  only  $2.80  as 
i  each  month  thereafter, 
s  paid. 


5 Coupon 

American  Technical 
Society 


gept.  G-368 


Chicago 


34 


THE     CARPENTER 


little  away  for  his  old  age.  Xo  one  had 
the  right  to  cut  down  wages  while  the 
cost  of  living  was  high. 

He  disagreed  with  those  who  thought 

it  wrong  for  the  Canadian  workers  to 
send  their  money  to  the  States  in  fees 
to  International  Unions.  The  Canadians 
gained  thereby  the  support  of  the  Amer- 
ican unions  in  times  of  strikes  and  dis- 
putes. If  they  were  organized  in  isolated 
groups  they  would  be  too  weak  to  hold 
out  against  capital. 

He  urged  the  delegates  to  avoid 
strikes  as  much  as  possible  and  to  make 
use  of  amicable  means  as  far  as  possible 
in  settling  disputes.  We  should  use  all 
the  influence  possible  on  the  Govern- 
ments. You  are  a  power  that  you  do  not 
know  yourselves.  United  as  one  man 
you  could  make  the  strongest  Govern- 
ment in  the  world  tremble. 

Hon.  A.  Galipeault.  Provincial  Min- 
ister of  Public  Health  and  Labor,  speak- 
ing on  behalf  of  the  Province  of  Quebec, 
stated  that  he  had  been  proud  to  find 
that  when  he  attended  the  Geneva  Con- 
ference of  the  League  of  Nations  that 
the  industrial  laws  of  the  Dominion 
could  compare  with  those  of  any  nation 
in  the  world.  The  Trades  and  Labor 
Congress  had  been  responsible  for  most 
of  these. 

Tom  Moore.  President  of  the  Cong- 
ress, in  taking  the  Chair,  stated  that  he 
wished  to  reply  to  the  Convention  of 
Catholic  syndicates  who.  when  in  session 
the  week  previous,  had  stated  that  the 
International  Unions  were  controlled  by 
foreigners.  Every  delegate  present  was 
a  member  of  a  Canadian  branch  of  an 
International  Union,  and  the  pronounce- 
ments of  the  Congress  were  the  expres- 
sions of  Canadians  just  as  loyal  and 
patriotic  as  any  one  else. 

They  were  not  divided  on  questions  of 
religion,  the  religious  opinions  of  every- 
one was  equally  respected. 

Ever  since  the  signing  of  the  Armis- 
tice, workers  had  been  trying  to  cash 
the  cheques  issued  to  them  in  the  shape 
of  promises,  and  the  attempt  had  result- 
ed in  a  certain  amount  of  trouble. 

Discussing  the  progress  of  the  organ- 
ization, the  President  declared  that  the 
crisis  through  which  Canada  had  been 
passing  had  still  left  the  unions  in  a  con- 
dition of  progress.  The  published  figures 
had  to  be  increased  by  the  number  of 
those  whom  unemployment  and  lack  of 
money  prevented  from  being  in  good 
financial  standing  with  the  unions. 


An  outstanding  step  in  the  progress  of 
Organized  Labor  was  to  be  seen  in  the 
establishment  of  the  International  La- 
bor Organization,  which  had  grown  out 
of  the  League  of  Nations,  and  which 
was  destined  to  be  one  of  the  most  pow- 
erful factors  in  prevention  of  war  in  the 
future. 

Reports  of  Officers 

The  Executive  Council  in  their  report 
covered  all  the  work  done  during  the 
past  year.  Very  little  legislation  had 
been  secured  but  a  lot  of  good  work  had 
been  put  in  which  will  no  doubt  bring 
results  at  some  future  date. 

The  Executive  recommended  and  the  i 
Convention  concurred  in  the  recommen- 
dation that  the  Congress  approve  the 
aims  and  objects  of  the  League  of  Na- 
tions Society  in  Canada  and  instructed 
the  incoming  executive  to  affiliate  with 
this  body  and  recommend  all  Trades  and 
Labor  Councils  to  do  likewise. 

The  Congress  Journal,  which  is  the 
official  publication  of  the  Congress,  was 
warmly  endorsed  by  the  delegates  and 
steps  are  to  be  taken  to  interest  every 
Canadian  member  so  that  they  will  sub- 
scribe for  this  valuable  book  on  the  Or-  . 
ganized  Labor  Movement  of  Canada. 
The  subscription  is  one  dollar  per  year 
and  is  within  the  means  of  every 
member. 

The  unemployment  situation  resulted 
in  a  resolution  being  passed  "that  the 
management  of  this  problem  be  under- 
taken by  the  Federal  Government  on  a 
national  scale,  and  that  the  basis  of  re- 
lief be  worked  at  trade  union  rates." 

One  of  the  surprises  of  the  Conven- 
tion was  the  unanimous  approval  of  the 
committee's  report  dealing  with  the  re- 
port of  the  Executive  "Communist  Ac- 
tivities in  Canada"  Chairman  Wilkinson, 
stated  that  at  the  present  time  there 
were  three  independent  parties  in  Can- 
ada which  could  be  classified  as  "Red," 
these  were  "The  Workers'  Party  of 
Canada,"  "The  Workers'  Educational 
League''  and  "The  Trade  Union  Educa- 
tional League."  The  adherents  of 
the  Communist  movements.  stated 
Chairman  Wilkinson,  "are  deliberately, 
whether  openly  or  subtly  using  the  ma- 
chinery of  the  International  Trade 
Unions  for  the  furthering  of  their  own 
propaganda.  We  are  not  here  to  dictate 
to  the  radicals ;  if  they  want  their  ideas 
spread  it  is  their  own  business:  but  if 
they  think  they  can  make  use  of  the 
Labor   Unions    of   Canada   for   this   pur- 


BeAFIoorSurfacingContractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More-Yearly 

This  13  a  new,  uncrowded  field.  Floor  Surfacing  Contractors  are  making  big  money 
resurfacing  old  floors  In  homes  and  office  buildings  and  working  with  general  contractors 
who  prefer  to  sublet  the  floor  surfacing  contract.  It  is  a  big  business  In  Itself.  Business 
comes  easily  by  American  Universal  Method.  We  furnish  office  forms,  advertising  cuts, 
business  cards — In  fact,  everything  to  set  a  man  up  in  business. 

Old  Floors  Made  Like  New— New  Floors 

Made  Perfect 

No  Dull  Seasons,  Lay-offs  or  Strikes 

There  are  hundreds  of  homes  and  office  buildings  being  remodeled — In  every  case 
the  floor  Is  the  first  consideration.  There  are  hundreds  of  floors  right  In  your  own 
neighborhood  that  really  need  resurfacing.  Hundreds  of  people  can  well  afford  to  have 
the  work  done  and  will  be  glad  to  have  you  do  it  when  you  show  them  the  American 
Universal   Method. 

This  machine  is  electrically  operated  and  surfaces  more  floors  In  a  day  than  six 
men  can  do  by  hand.  Works  alike  on  new  and  old  floors  and  on  any  size,  from 
cottage  to  largest  auditorium.     Surfaces  clear  to  wall  without  hand  work. 

Contractors  and  architects  prefer  its  work  because  it  leaves  no  sander  waves  or  chat- 
ter marks.  Leaves  job  clean — vacuum  fan  leaves  dust  and  dirt  in  bag.  Machine  will 
pay  for  itself  the  first  month. 

You,  Too,  Can  Make  $20  to  l$ioo  A  Day 

"I  am  making  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  with  the  'American  Universal' 
and  find  it  a  good  paying  proposition.  My  average  earnings  are  $28.00  per 
day.".  Geo.   R.  LaFlash.   Mass. 

"I  make  the  'American  Universal'  way  of  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  now 
and  my  average  earnings  are  at  least  $20.00  a  day."    J.  A.  Natzel, Arizona 
My  earnings  in  one  day  have  been  as  high  as  $50.00  with  the   'Amerl 
can  Universal'  machine."     E.  J.  Inman,   Ohio. 

"We  have  owned  one  of  your  Floor  Surfacing  Machines  for  about  two 
years.     We  find  It  earns  us  from  $40.00  to  $75.00  on  each  of  our  con 
tract  jobs."     P.  B.  Westcott  C  San.  Nebr. 

"I   have   made   good   with   the    'American    Universal'    Machine, 
have  sanded  about  $700-00  worth   of  work  in   two  months."    T.  J. 
Easley,   Turn. 

"The  'American  Universal'  is  a  dandy  machine  for  cleaning  and 
polishing  dance  floors.  I  have  earned  $62.00  clear  profit  in  a  day 
so  you  can  see  how  well  I  am  doing."  Glen  F.  Bartlett,  Oregon 
"When  this  little  town  of  6,000  people  was  building,  we  made 
from  $350.00  to  $700.00  per  month  with  the  'American  Universal',  but  our  best  earnings  per  day  have  been  $100.00, 
$80-15,  $68.50,  $62.00  and  $80.00.     M.  L.  Uerstlne,   California. 

"I  have  earned  as  high  as  $50.00  with  my  'American  Universal'  machine  and  wish  to  thank  you  for  the  courteous 
treatment  I  have  received  from  you.     Edward  McKernan,   Nebraska. 
"I  am  well  pleased  with  the  American  Universal'.    I  have  made  $30.00  in  eight  hours  with  my  machine."    R.  Waynick,  Texas 


Lay   Down   the   Tool  Box— YOU   Be  The   BOSS 
THE  AMERICAN  FLOOR  SURFACING  MACHINE  CO. 


Originators  of  Floor  Surfacing  Machines', 
522  So.  St.  Clair  Street 


Toledo,  Ohio 


THE     AMERICAN    FLOOR  SURFACING   MACHINE  COMPANY 
=22  So.  St.   Clair  St., 
Toledo,  Ohio,   U.  S.  A. 

Gentlemen:    Please  send   me  without  obligation  to   me,    complete   Information   and   literature   on   your   proposition 
The  following  information  will  no  doubt  assist  you  in  advising  me. 


□ 
□ 


□ 


I    want    to    become    a   Floor    Surfacing 
Contractor. 

I  am  not  now  a  contractor  of  any  kind 
but  was  in  following  business 


I  am   a  Building  Contractor   and  want 
to  use  it  on  my  own  cntracts. 


NAME      

STREET     

CITY    STATE. 


iwmjiillMEl^  JiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimmiiiiiiiimiiMiiiiiimiiiH 


This  Superb  110-pieee  Set,  with  your 
initial  in  gold, surrounded  by  a  wreath 
of  gold, in  2  places  on  every  pieee;dec- 
orated  in  blue  and  gold  with  gold 
covered  handles;  consists  of: 
12  Dinner  Plates,  9  inches 
12  Breakfast  Plates,  7  inches 


12  Cups 
12  Saucers 

12  Soup  Plates,  1%  inches 
12  Cereal  Dishes,  6  inches 
12  Fruit  Dishes,  B^  inches 
12  Individual  Bread  and 
Butter  Plates,  6%  inches 


1  Platter,  13K  inches 
1  Platter,  11^  inches 
1  Celery  Dish,  %%  inches 
1  Sauce  Boat  Tray,  1%  inches 
1  Butter  Plate,  6  inches 
1  Vegetable  Dish,  10M  inches, 
with  lid  (2  pieces) 


Brings  This  COMPLETE  110-Piece 

Blue  and  Hold  Decorated  Pinner  Set 


1  Deep  Bowl,  $%  inches 

1  Oval  Baker,  9  inches 

1  Small  Deep  Bowl,  5  inchei 

1  Gravy  Boat,  1%  inches 

1  Creamer 

1  Sugar  Bowl  with  cover(2i 

368-Page  Boc 


Important! 

Hartman  guarantees  that  | 
every  piece  in  this  set  i< 
absolutely  first  quality- 
no  "seconds."  This  is  e 
standard  or  "open"  pat- 
tern. Replacement  pieces  ( 
may  be  had  of  us  for  three 
yearB.  Each  piecewrapped 
in  tissue  paper.  Excellent  j 


Send  only  $1.00  and  Hartman  will  ship  the  complete 
eet  of  110  fine  pieces.  Use  it  as  your  own  for  SO  days 
on  free  trial.  Then  if  not  satisfied  for  any  reason  what- 
ever, send  it  back  and  Hartman  will  return  your  $1.00 
and  pay  transportation  charges  both  ways.  If  you  keep 
it,  TAKE  NEARLY  A  YEAR  TO  PAY-a  little  every  month. 

Your  initial  in  Sold,  Surrounded  by  a 

Wreath  of  Gold,  in  2  Places  on  Every  Piece 

Gold  Govered  H andSes 

Every  piece  decorated  with  a  rich  gold  band  edge, 
a  mazarine  blue  follow  band  and  two  pure  gold 
initials  in  Old  English  design,  surrounded  by  gold 
wreaths.  Beautiful  white  lustrous  body,  made  of 
best  domestic  and  imported  kaolins.  110  wonderful 
pieces.  An  opportunity  you  muBt  not  miss.  Send 
coupon  and  $1.00  today. 

"Let  Hartman  Feather  VOUR  Nest*' 


rop'E'  Bargain  Catalog 

B    EmiblB368    pages  of 
bargains    in    furniture,    rugs, 
stoves,  silverware,  washing  ma- 
chines, kitchen  ware,  gas  engines 
and  cream  separators,  etc.  —  all 
sold  on  our  easy  monthly  terms 
and  30  days'  free  trial. 
Post  card  or  letter  brings  it  free. 


Send  Pos'al  I 

IHARTMA 

|     368-PA0 

FURN1T0 

CATALC 

1  Save'/a-Ta 
aYeartoF 


FURNITURE  &  CARPET 
Dept.  4946         Chicagc 

I  enclose  $1.00.  Send  110-piece  Blue  and  Gold  Deee 
Dinner  Set  No.  320DDMA16.  I  am  to  have  30  days 
trial.  If  not  satisfied,  will  ship  it  back  and  you  willr 
my  $1.00  and  pay  transportation  charges  both  ways, 
keep  it,  I  will  pay  $2.50  per  month  until  full  price,  $  2' 
paid.   Title  remains  with  you  until  final  payment  is  l 

Name 

Street  Address - — 


Order  No.  320DBMA16.    Bargain  Price  $24.95.    Pay  $1  now.    Balance  $2.53  monthly. 

FURE*£9TURE  & 
CARPET   CO. 

Dept.  4946  gSS&VtSgkK  Chicago,  Illinois 


HARTMAN 


EoxNo. 


Town State- 
State  Your 
Occupation  and  Color 


Give  Initial  Wanted  (Any  One  Letter) 


The  New  Design 


OFFICIAL  PARADE  X  FUNERAL  BADGE 


Illustration  is  full  size  of  badge. 


PRICES 

I 

Badge 

$1.50 

6 

Badges 

.  or 

more 

1.35  each 

12 

t< 

<« 

«( 

1.08  each 

2.5 

« 

it 

<( 

.99  each 

SO 

<( 

« 

<( 

.96  each 

IOO 

<( 

(< 

<« 

.94  each 

250 

<( 

tc 

<( 

.92  each 

All  metal  parts  are  Gold  plated. 
Embossing  on  ribbon  in  Gold. 
No    extra    charge    for    Officers    titles 
embossed   on   ribbon. 


For  many  years  there  has  been  a 
tendency    toward    the    "too    much 
sameness"   in   parade    Badges   used 
by   too  many  organizations  and   in 
response     to     a     general     feeling     that 
our    Brotherhood   should   have  a   Badge 
designed  to  individually  and  emblemati- 
cally represent  our  craft,  a  smaller  de- 
sign of  Badge  than  one  previously  used 
is  shown  on  this  page. 

This  is  a  triple  Badge.  The  metal  parts 
may  be  quickly  detached  and  worn  sep- 
arately. It  may  be  worn  as  illustrated 
for  parade  purposes.  The  metal  parts 
may  be  reversed  to  back  side  of  ribbon, 
making  it  a  memorial  Badge.  The  rib- 
bon on  reverse  side  is  embossed  in  Silver 
finish. 

The  accompanying  design  has  been 
selected  as  the  Official  Parade  and 
Funeral  Badge  of  the  Brotherhood  and 
one  which  our  membership  can  well  feel 
proud  to  wear.  The  metal  parts  are  all 
Gold  plated  and  the  colors  as  showm  are 
in  hard  enamel,  all  in  all  a  very  hand- 
some Badge  indeed.  And  we  may  say 
will  show  up  better  than  any  Badge 
made  for  similar  use  that  has  heretofore 
been  used  by  most  organizations. 

Local  Unions  should  have  a  supply  of 
our  splendid  new  Badge  on  hand  so  that 
our  members  can  secure  them  without  de- 
lay. Many  occasions  arise  where  the 
Badge  should  be  worn  and  thus  empha- 
size the  spirit  of  fraternalism. 

Kindly  forward  remittance  with  or- 
der to 

FRANK  DUFFY 

General  Secretary. 


38 


THE    CARPENTER 


pose  they  are  greatly  mistaken,  and  it  is 
about  time  this  Congress  declared  its 
stand  on  the  question  once  and  for  all." 
The  Convention  took  its  stand  without 
one  dissenting  voice. 

Resolutions 

There  were  sixty-eight  (68)  resolu- 
tions presented  and  dealt  with  the  chief 
of  these  being:  For  the  Government  to 
meet  its  obligation  as  a  member  of  the 
League  of  Nations  by  passing  legislation 
providing  for  a  maximum  work  day  of 
eight  hours.  One  asking  the  Premier  of 
Canada  to  immediately  withdraw  the 
troops  from  the  coal  mining  districts 
of  Xova  Scotia,  this  was  carried  and  a 
telegram  sent  to  the  Premier  and  in  his 
reply  he  showed  that  he  was  in  full 
sympathy  with  the  resolution  and  was 
using  every  effort  to  carry  out  the  wishes 
of  the  Convention.  Several  resolutions 
dealing  with  the  fair  wages  clause  of 
the  Federal  and  the  various  Provincial 
Governments  were  thoroughly  discussed 
and  it  was  decided  to  get  a  uniform 
clause  passed  if  possible  and  that  it  be 
placed  on  the  Statute  Books  instead  of 
it  being  just  resolutions  passed  by  the 
various  Provincial  Governments  as  at 
present,  also  it  was  decided  to  try  and 
get  the  present  order  in  Council  dealing 
with  this  matter  made  into  law  by  the 
Federal  Government. 

The  resolution  causing  the  most  dis- 
cussion was  one  asking  the  Federal 
Government  to  make  a  loan  of  §15,000,- 
000  to  the  Soviet  Government  of  Russia 
for  the  purpose  of  buying  grain  and  seed 
in  Canada  to  help  the  Russian  famine 
sufferers.  This  had  every  appearance  of 
being  carried  by  the  Convention  until 
President  Tom  ifoore  took  the  floor  and 
explained  what  he  had  learned  while  in 
Europe  and  on  the  borders  of  Russia. 
He  stated  that  at  the  present  time  it 
was  a  military  dictatorship,  a  question- 
able substitute  for  Czarism.  He  saw  in 
Russia  a  country  where  labor  men 
would  not  dare  speak  on  any  subject  not 
fully  endorsed  by  the  Soviet  leaders  and 
where  violation  of  this  law  meant  a  wall, 
an  armed  squad  of  the  Red  Guard  and 
death.  The  workers  there  had  no  free 
expression  of  opinion  and  they  could  not 
meet  in  Convention  as  we  could,  and 
when  the  Soviet  leaders  took  away  the 
bayonets  from  the  throat  of  the  Russian 
workers  and  allowed  them  a  free  expres- 
sion of  opinion  then  we  could  consider 
matters  of  this  nature.  At  the  present 
time  the  Congress  has  asked  for  $40,- 


era 
me 


000,000  to  build  homes  for  the  mine; 
in  Xova  Scotia  and  up  to  the  present  tinn 
nothing  had  been  done,  therefore,  if  th< 
Government  had  $15,000,000  to  span 
they  could  use  it  on  the  workers  of  Can 
ada  who  needed  it. 

A  resolution  against  the  incorporatioi 
of  Trades  Unions  was  carried.  A  cam 
paign  has  been  carried  on  for  some  con- 
siderable time  by  some  of  the  newa 
papers  of  the  country,  stating  thai 
unions  should  be  incorporated  so  tha 
they  would  be  amenable  to  the  law.  A| 
the  present  time  the  laws  are  bad  enouglf 
against  unions  without  the  added  influ- 
ence of  incorporation. 

Fraternal  Delegates  and  Visitors 

John     Manning,      Secretary     of     th 
Union  Label  Trades  Department  of  th 
American   Federation  of  Labor,    gave 
good  talk  on  the  Union  Label,  also  o\ 
the  unemployment  situation.     Since  th 
recent  strike  in  the  United  States  coa 
mines  and  railways  the  right  of  eve 
man  to  work  had  suddenly  become  a  na-8 
tional  principle,  but  nothing  was  heard 
of    the   right    to    work    when    6,000.00GB 
workers  had  been  unable  to  get  work  m^ 
year  ago.     Only  when  the  right  to  work 
could   be   set   off   against   the   right    t 
strike  did  it  get  official  blessing. 

He  showed  how  the  5,000,000  worker^ 
in  the  Federation  of  Labor  at  $10  pe™ 
week  took  home  at  least  850.000,000  a 
week  in  wages.  That  spending  powe» 
was  available  for  Organized  Labor,  if 
they  "would  only  insist  on  the  Union 
Label  on  all  they  purchased. 

William  Hulsbeck,  of  Cincinnati, 
fraternal  delegate  from  the  American 
Federation  of  Labor,  spoke  on  the  min 
ers'  strike  and  the  railway  strike- in  th 
United  States,  also  upon  the  continued; 
feeling  of  good  fellowship  and  co-opera-l 
tion  between  the  workers  of  Canada  andj 
the  United  States. 

W.  H.  Carter,  M.  P.  fraternal  delegate] 
from  the  Trades  Union  Congress  of 
Great  Britain,  stated  that  the  problems 
faced  in  Canada  were  the  same  as  those 
in  England  and  their  opponents  and  en 
emies  the  same,  and  the  only  salvation 
of  labor  was  by  international  good  will 
and  brotherhood  among  all  nations. 

He  spoke  on  conditions  in  the  Old 
Land,  showing  how  the  miners  had  been 
forced  to  accept  revolting  conditions  and 
after  the  Association  of  British  indus- 
tries had  beaten  the  miners  they  had 
gone  after  the  engineers  and  forced  them 
to  accept  big  wage  reductions. 


THE    CARPENTER 


The  Trade  Union  Congress  had  agreed 
that  the  present  trouble  was  due  to  two 
causes.  The  first  was  the  policy  of  the 
Allied  Governments  in  trying  to  bring 
about  a  permanent  peace  based  on  sus- 
picion and  hatred.  This  could  not  be 
done  and  the  British  Government  was 
beginning  to  realize  it.  The  other  cause 
was  war.  In  his  judgment  war  was  the 
greatest  enemy  of  humanity. 

Sam  Gompers,  President  of  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor,  was  a  visitor 
and  made  a  very  strong  address  to  the 
delegates.  He  stated  that  it  was  the 
first  time  he  had  been  honored  to  address 
the  Canadian  Trades  and  Labor  Cong- 
ress. He  spoke  on  the  various  strikes  in 
the  United  States  and  the  message  to 
Canadian  labor  was  one  of  denunciation 
against  the  efforts  which  employers  have 
been  making  since  the  Armistice  to  re- 
duce wages. 

Congress  Headquarters 

The  report  of  the  Trustees  of  the 
Congress  Headquarters  show  that  it  was 
self-sustaining,  the  receipts  for  the  year 
being  $1,740,  and  the  expenses  $1,- 
735.87,  leaving  a  balance  of  $4.13. 
Membership  and  Financial  Report 

The  membership  reported  was  132,071 
as  against  173,778  last  year,  showing  a 
loss  of  41,707.  This  is  the  report  of 
members  in  good  standing,  therefore, 
about  25,000  should  be  added  for  mem- 
bers in  arrears,  which  would  bring  the 
loss  in  membership  down  to  around 
15,000. 

The  total  receipts  for  the  year  was 
$25,157.02  and  the  expenses  $22,877.11, 
leaving  a  balance  of  $2,279.91.  This 
does  not  include  the  $10,000  in  reserve 
and  the  $5,000  in  Victory  Bonds. 

There  were  over  400  delegates  present 
from  all  parts  of  Canada,  also  fraternal 
delegates  from  the  British  Trades  Union 
Congress  and  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor.  The  carpenters  as  usual  were 
well  represented,  and  several  of  them 
were  active  members  on  the  various 
committees. 

Election  of  Officers 

Tom  Moore  was  re-elected  President 
by  acclamation  and  P.  M.  Draper  as  Sec- 
retary. A  series  of  five  ballots  was  re- 
quired to  elect  the  Executive  Board, 
Brother  Arthur  Martel  declining  to  stand 
again  for  re-election.  The  contest  was 
very  keen  and  the  final  vote  for  the  last 
man  stood  at  135  and  136.  The  three 
Vice-Presidents  are  Bert  Merson  of 
Toronto;  J.  T.  Foster  of  Montreal,  and 


$95  an  Hour! 

"Every  hour  I  spent  on  my  I.  C.  S. 
Course  has  been  worth  $95  to  me!  My 
position,  my  $5,000  a  year  income,  my 
home,  my  family's  happiness — I  owe  it  all 
to  my  spare  time  training  with  the  Inter- 
national Correspondence  Schools!" 

Every  mail  brings  letters  from  some  of 
the  two  million  I.  C.  S.  students  telling  of 
promotions  or  increases  in  salary  as  tha 
rewards  of  spare  time  study. 

What  are  you  doing  with  the  hours  after  supper? 
Can  you  afford  to  let  them  slip  by  unimproved 
when  you  can  easily  make  them  mean  so  much? 
One  hour  a  day  spent  with  the  I.  C.  S.  will  prepare 
you  for  the  position  you  want  in  the  work  you  like 
best.  Yes,  it  will!  Put  it  up  to  us  to  prove  it  Mark 
and  mail  this  coupon  now! 


■TEAR  OUT  HEBEi 


INTERNATIONAL  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOLS 

BOX   8844  SCRANTON,  PA. 

Explain,  without  obligating  me,  how  I  can  qualify  for  tha 
position,  or  in  the  subject,  before  which  I  mark  X. 


LJ  ARCHITECT 

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3  Foreman  Plumber 

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3  CIVIL  ENGINEER 

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3  ELE0TRI0AL  ENGIKEElt 

3  Electric  Lighting  and  Rys, 

3  Electric  Wiring 

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spondence Softools  Canadian,  Limited,  Montreal,  Canada 


40 


THE    CARPENTER 


Alex  McAndrews  of  Moose  Jaw. 

One  of  our  own  men,  J.  W.  Wilkin- 
son of  Vancouver,  was  elected  as 
fraternal  delegate  to  the  British  Trades 
Union  Congress. 

Vancouver  was  chosen  as  the  nest 
place  in  which  to  hold  the  Convention, 
this  heing  in  the  extreme  west  of  Can- 


ada means  that  the  east  will  not  be  in  a 
position  to  send  their  full  number  of 
delegates  but  every  effort  should  be 
made  to  send  as  many  delegates  as  pos- 
sible. 

Fraternally  submitted, 

T.  JACKSON. 


DEATH  ROLL 

DERNBERGER,  I.  A.,  L.  TJ.  No.  1296,  San  Diego,  Cal. 
EUGENE  SULLIVAN,  L.  U.  No.  101,  Baltimore,  Md. 


Trade  Notes 

The  State  Council  of  Carpenters  met 
in  Reading,  Pa.,  the  last  week  in  August. 
It  was  one  of  the  best  attended  for 
years.  The  reports  made  by  the  various 
Locals,  125  of  which  are  affiliated  with 
the  State  Council,  showed  large  gains  in 
membership  during  the  past  six  months 
and  an  increase  in  wages  in  almost  every 
city,  the  average  being  $1  per  hour.  The 
lowest  wage  reported  was  65c  and  that 
was  in  York,  Pa. 

•*      *      * 

The  building  trades  of  Utica,  N.  Y., 
have  won  a  13  months'  strike  and  signed 
up  the  contractors  for  90c  an  hour  with 
differential  for  overtime  and  holidays. 
Non-unionists  are  given  a  stipulated 
time  to  join  the  union. 


Information  Wanted 

John  C.  Reed,  whose  picture  is  herein 
shown,  a  former  member  of  L.  U.  No. 
698,  Newport,  Ky.,  was  last  heard  from 
in  July,  1922.     He  is  5  ft.  10V2  in.  tall, 


weighs  168  pounds  and  has  dark  hair 
and  brown  eyes.  Anyone  knowing  of 
his  whereabouts  kindly  address  Mrs. 
John  A.  Reed,  113  W.  10th  St.,  New- 
port, Ky. 

• 

The  Union  Label  teaches  us  to  think 
only  of  the  best,  to  work  only  for  the 
best,  to  expect  only  the  best. 


Henry  Disston  &  Sons  Celebrate 

On  September  26,  1872,  Henry  Diss- 
ton broke  ground  for  the  present  Disston 
plant  at  Tacony,  Phila.,  and  on  Septem- 
ber 26th,  of  this  year,  Henry  Disston  & 
Sons  celebrated  the  50th  Anniversary  of 


the  laying  of  the  corner  stone.  The  ac- 
companying photo  shows  the  stone  was 
laid  by  Jacob  Disston,  Sr.,  the  only 
surviving  son  of  Henry  Disston,  and 
William  Smith,  who  at  the  age  of  22 
years  assisted  Henry  Disston  to  brake 
ground.  Forty-five  men  were  present 
who  have  been  in  Disston  service  for 
over  50  years.  We  doubt  if  there  is 
another  industrial  plant  in  America  that 
can  match  this  employment  record.  It 
is  an  industrial  relationship  rare  and 
unique  now-a-days. 


CorrQspondQncQ 


Resolutions  Adopted  At  Iowa  State 
Convention 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

Herewith  please  find  copy  of  two  reso- 
lutions which  were  adopted  at  our  State 
Convention  at  Iowa  City  last  week  and 
ordered  sent  to  you  for  publication  in 
"The  Carpenter." 
Resolution  No.  4. 

By  Cedar  Rapids  Delegation. 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  the  carpenters 
of  this  country  have  spent  many  years, 
as  well  as  a  large  amount  of  money  to 
establish  and  maintain  the  8-hour  work- 
day, and  as  there  is  an  element  in  our 
organization  who  persist  in  working 
overtime  at  every  opportunity,  and  as 
we  believe  that  overtime  is  an  injury  to 
our  organization,  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Iowa  State  Council 
of  Carpenters  in  Convention  assembled 
does  go  on  record  as  being  opposed  to 
any  overtime  work  at  any  time,  except 
to  save  life  or  property,  and  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  delegates  to  this 
Convention  report  back  to  their  respec- 
tive Local  Unions  the  action  of  this  Con- 
vention and  recommend  that  steps  be 
taken  toward  the  elimination  of  all  over- 
time work,  except  as  herein  set  forth. 

The  above  resolution  was  unanimous- 
ly adopted  by  the  Convention. 

THOS.  P.  MENTON,   Secy.-Treas. 


Resolution  No.  8. 

By  Waterloo  Delegation. 

Whereas,  Judge  Landis  did  grossly 
misrepresent  the  carpenters  in  his  ad- 
dress delivered  at  Waterloo,  la.,  on  Fri- 
day, September  8th,  to  the  Convention 
of  the  American  Legion,  when  he  said : 

"Men  were  coming  in  on  every  train 
at  Rockford,  111.,  early  in  the  war,  carry- 
ing carpet  bags  and  calling  themselves 
carpenters,  and  the  Government  was 
paying  these  men  $12  to  $15  per  day. 

Now,  as  a  matter  of  fact  there  is  a 
class  of  mechanics  who  carry  their  tools 
in  carpet  bags,  but  we  have  yet  to  see 
the  first  carpenter  carrying  his  tools  that 
way.  And  as  to  their  getting  $12  to 
$15  per  day,  it  is  not  true,  unless  they 
worked  all  day  and  part  of  the  night,  or 


on  Sunday,  as  the  prevailing  scale  for 
carpenters  in  most  places  at  that  time 
was  only  65c  per  hour. 

Now,  we  think  it  is  not  fair  to  class 
the  carpenter  as  a  profiteer,  when  it  was 
the  contractor,  who  was  doing  the  work 
on  the  cost-plus  plan,  that  wanted  the 
class  of  mechanics  referred  to  by  Judge 
Landis,  because  the  more  they  could 
make  the  work  cost,  the  more  percentage 
they  would  get.     Therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  By  the  delegates  here  as- 
sembled, that  we  take  exceptions  to  said 
statements,  as  the  carpenters  only  sold 
their  labor  at  the  price  the  Government 
paid  for  it,  which  was  65c  per  hour.  And 
be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  this  resolu- 
tion be  sent  to  Judge  Landis ;  a  copy  to 
our  General  Office  to  be  published  in 
"The  Carpenter,"  and  that  copies  be 
given  to  the  press  for  publication. 

The  above  resolution  was  concurred  in 
by  the  Committee  on  Resolutions,  and 
was  adopted  by  unanimous  vote  of  the 
delegates  in  Convention  assembled,  on 
Thursday,  September  14,  1922. 

THOS.  P.  MENTON,   Secy.-Treas. 


A  Warning  To  Members 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

L.  U.  No.  1062,  Santa  Barbara,  Cal., 
desire  that  you  notify  all  members  of  the 
United  Brotherhood  through  the  medium 
of  our  Journal  of  M.  F.  Smith,  whose 
picture  is  enclosed.     He  has   taken  ad- 


vantage of  his  misfortune  in  the  loss  of 
his  lower  limbs  to  impose  upon  labor  or- 
ganizations and  reap  large  sums  of 
money.  He  is  at  present  an  honorary 
member  of  L.  U.  No.  200,  Columbus,  O* 


42 


THE     CARPENTER 


Hand  Carving  vs.  Composition 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

The  union  woodcarvers  of  the  United 
States  need  the  help  of  all  Organized 
Labor's  co-operation  in  combating  the 
"composition  ornament  evil."  They 
wish  to  urge  union  men  to  buy  hand 
carving.  Hence,  they  ask  all  union 
members  when  purchasing  furniture, 
pianos,  phonographs,  etc.,  to  be  sure  that 
it  is  strictly  hand  carved. 

Hand  carving  is  invariably  union 
made. 

Composition  carving  is  unfailingly 
non-union  made. 

So  when  union  men  purchase  furni- 
ture they  should  be  careful  and  discrim- 
inating by  demanding  hand  carved  fur- 
niture. Composition  ornament  is  noth- 
ing much  more  than  a  colored  putty  that 
contracts,  expands,  cracks  and  crumbles, 
and  is  moulded  by  unskilled  labor  into 
the  shape  of  carving.  The  use  of  com- 
position ornament  has  made  the  trade 
very  unreliable  for  employment ;  and  has 
forced  carvers  to  leave  the  trade  for 
other  occupations;  and  makes  it  so  that 
apprentices  can  seldom  be  induced  to 
learn  the  trade.  Therefore,  we  would 
urge  that  all  union  men  give  this  the 
widest  publicity. 

Yours  fraternally, 

CHAS.   DAVIDSON, 
JOHN  REDHEAD, 
EDWARD   SNOCK. 
The  Grand  Rapids  Woodcarvers' 
Publicity  Committee. 


Awarded  First  Prize 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

Herewith  are  two  photos  of  the  Labor 
Day  parade  float,  built  by  and  entered 
into  the  contest  for  first  prize  by  White 
River  Valley  L.  U.  No.  1708,  in  the 
Auburn,  Wash.,  Labor  Day  parade. 


L.  U.  No.  1708  has  for  some  time 
held  its  meetings  in  Auburn,  instead  of 
Kent,  and  the  Local  while  covering  the 
territorial    jurisdiction     known     as     the 


White  River  Valley,  has  become  in  fact 
the  Auburn  Local  of  the  United  Brother- 
hood, and  is  doing  excellent  work  in 
maintaining  trade  conditions  for  the 
membership. 

Fraternally  yours, 

P.   W.   DOWLER. 


Car  Used  In  Labor  Day  Parade 
At  Quebec 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

Please    find    herein    a    photo    of    the 
allegorical  car  built  by  our  local  mem- 


This  float  was  awarded  first  prize  in 
the  parade  and  is  indeed  a  most  excellent 
piece  of  craftsmen's  skill. 


bers  for  our  Labor  Day  parade,  which 

was  a  success  all  along  the  line  this  year. 

With  best  wishes,  I  remain, 

Fraternally  yours, 

OMER  FLEURY,  Business  Agent. 

♦- 

A  Scab  Hammer 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

At  a  regular  meeting  of  our  Local  if 
was  voted  to  ask  you  to  insert  in  your 
next  issue  of  "The  Carpenter"  that  the 
Maydole  Hammer,  made  in  our  city,  isj 
a  scab  hammer  and  that  all  brother  car- 


Our  Last  General  Convention 

recommended  that   we 

Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising  of  the  Union  Label  of 
the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
be  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
and  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
that  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 

PLAYING  CARDS 

(Illustration  below) 


We  want  to  get  the 
advertising  of  our 
Label  in  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  homes, 
as  well  as  clubs,  etc. 
It  is  an  indisputable 
fact  that  a  depend- 
able grade  of  play- 
ing cards  with  "ad" 
on  back,  carries  the 
message  of  PUB- 
LICITY —  not  for  a 
day — but  IMPRES- 
SIVELY and  for  in- 
definite period. 
With  our  four  hun- 
dred thousand  mem- 
bers to  use  and  dis- 
tribute the  adver- 
tisement that  these 
cards  carry,  wonder- 
ful results  will  be 
achieved. 

You  won't  have  to 
apologize  for  the 
quality  of  the  Broth- 
erhood playing 
cards. 


The  cards  will  be 
furnished  in  either 
(or  both)  regular 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  are 
urged  to  carry  a 
supply  of  cards  on 
hand  to  meet  de- 
mands at  all  times. 

We  hope  our  entire 
membership  will  in- 
terest themselves  in 
seeing  that  their 
friends  use  Brother- 
hood cards. 

There  is  but  a  small 
percentage  of  people 
who  don't  use  play- 
ing cards  for  inno- 
cent amusement, 
hence  the  opportun- 
ity is  big  for  adver- 
tising our  Label 
through  this  me- 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

and  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing  a  grade  of  cards 
fully  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  the 
cards  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders.,  accompanied  by  remittance,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary, 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 


44 


THE    CARPENTER 


penters  endeavor  to  procure  a  hammer 
with  the  Label. 

Respectfully  yours, 
BEN  F.   McLAGAN,  R.   S. 
L.  U.  No.  210.  Norwich,  N.  Y. 


Ladies'   Auxiliary   Receives   Loving  Cup 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

With  the  assistance  of  Mr.  Roland 
Adams,  our  Ladies'  Auxiliary  was  or- 
ganized last  June  under  Charter  No.  87, 
Ladies'  Auxiliary  to  the  United  Brother- 
hood of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  Amer- 
ica, with  a  Charter  membership  of  28. 

We  received  the  silver  loving  cup 
offered  as  a  prize  by  the  General  As- 
sembly for  the  highest  per  cent  of  mem- 
bership present  at  the  Labor  Day  picnic 
given  by  them.  We  had  over  70  per  cent 
of  our  membership  present. 
Fraternally  yours,  E.   L.  WOOLEY,  R.S. 


L.  U.  No.  71  Celebrates  Labor  Day 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

The  carpenters  decided  that  there 
must  be  a  Labor  Day  celebration  in  Ft. 
Smith  this  year  and  a  committee  was 
appointed  to  visit  the  Central  Trades 
Council  and  stir  up  something  for  that 
date.  The  results  were  very  gratifying 
from  more  points  than  one,  the  greatest 
being  the  creating  of  renewed  activities 
and  an  added  impetus  to  that  body. 
Secondly  and  of  more  concern  to  us  it 
started  L.  U.  No.  71  into  a  desire  to 
"show  off." 

We  had  106  members  in  the  parade, 
each  in  uniform  of  carpenter's  white 
overalls,  blue  shirt  and  black  work  caps, 
with  badges  reading  "Builders  and 
Boosters — Carpenters'  Local  71."  Our 
delegates,  headed  with  two  flag  bearers 
with  Old  Glory  and  followed  by  our 
banner  with  an  escort  of  two  young 
girls  dressed  in  white,  carrying  ribbons 
attached  to  the  banner  easily  carried 
honors  for  the  parade,  and  the  sight  of 
long  columns  made  some  of  the  boys 
so  puff  with  pride  that  the  buttons  up- 
on their  shirts  received  a  try-out  such 
as  they  may  never  receive  through  wear. 

After  the  mile  and  a  half  march  in 
the  business  section  many  of  the  boys 
dropped  out,  as  it  was  sure  a  warm  day, 
but  a  good  majority  stuck  it  out  and 
marched  the  additional  half  mile  to  the 
picnic  grounds,  where  the  accompanying 
picture  was  taken. 

Fraternally  yours, 

W.   W.  HORTON,  R.   S. 
L.  U.  No.  71.  Ft.  Smith,  Ark. 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 

Trade  unions  as  known  in  America 
are  illegal  in  Japan. 

*  *      * 

A  large  part  of  the  wage  earners  in 
Argentina  are  women,  more  than  1,000 
being  engaged  in  gainful  occupations. 

*  *      * 

In  the  Congo  the  women  farm  the 
crops  and  sell  the  produce  and  the  men 
do  the  sewing  and  wash  the  clothes. 

*  *      * 

At  the  British  Miners'  Federation  con- 
ference a  proposal  emanating  from 
South  Wales  for  the  Federation  to  join 
with  the  Moscow  International  was  de- 
feated by  the  large  majority  of  883  to 
118  votes. 

*  *      * 

Italian  industries  are  being  brought 
to  an  impasse  by  the  labor  conflicts  and 
the  absorption  of  capital  by  the  Gov- 
ernment. 

*  *      * 

China's  first  extensive  railroad  strike, 
which  recently  tied  up  all  traffic  on  the 
Pekin-Hankow  line,  has  been  won  by, 
the  strikers.  Among  other  demands  of 
the  workers  granted  by  the  railroad,  is 
an  increase  in  wages  of  10c  a  week. 

*  *      * 

The  Norwegian  Board  of  Arbitration 
has  rendered  recent  decisions  in  the 
building  and  furniture  industries,  fixing 
standard  rates  of  wages  and  general  con- 
ditions of  labor. 

*  *      * 

Since  the  beginning  of  1922  changes 
in  rates  of  wages  reported  to  the  British 
Department  of  Labor  have  resulted  in  a 
net  reduction  of  more  than  6,000,000  in 
the  weekly  rates  of  nearly  6;000,000 
workpeople  and  a  net  increase  of  about 
$17,500  in  the  wages  of  20,000  workers. 

*  *      * 

Steps  are  being  taken  in  Switzerland 
to  have  the  Federal  Constitution  revised 
in  order  to  insure  protection  of  labor  as 
to  the  limit  of  hours  and  restructions  of 
child  and  woman  labor. 

*  *     * 

It  is  reported  that  Hungary  is  swept 
by  a  tidal  wave  of  strikes.  Orer  30,000 
metal  workers  are  out;  mill  workers, 
wood-workers  and  newspaper  distrib- 
utors have  ceased  work,  and  in  many 
other  trades  the  smoldering  unrest  has 
burst  into  flame  and  it  is  estimated  thai 
80,000  laborers  are  strikng. 


Casual  Comment 


If  our  members  would  only  consider 
the  great  economic  power  we  could  wield 
with  500,000  members  they  would  sure- 
ly get  busy  organizing. 

*  #      * 

Roger  W.  Babson,  business  statistical 
expert,  sounded  an  oninous  warning  to 
the  employing  interests  of  the  country 
when  he  said:  "Employers  the  country 
over  have  been  swinging  the  tomahawk 
for  the  past  eighteen  months.  The  days 
for  such  activity  are  now  drawing  to  a 
close.    It  is  time  to  think  and  to  reason." 

*  *      * 

Unfortunately  for  the  railroad  work- 
ers and  the  coal  miners,  Secretary  of 
Agriculture  Wallace's  claims  concerning 
the  purchasing  power  of  their  wages  are 
not  sustained  by  the  facts. 

*  *      * 

The  Secretary  insisted  that  the  pur- 
chasing power  of  the  railroad  worker's 
wages  was  51  per  cent  more  in  1921 
than  in  1913,  while  the  purchasing 
power  of  the  coal  miner's  wages  in- 
creased 30  per  cent  in  the  same  period. 

*  *      * 

The  forcing  down  of  wages  in  the  face 
of  a  continuous  rise  in  foodstuff  prices 
for  a  year,  brought  about  the  industrial 
contests  now  made  an  excuse  for 
squeezing  the  public,  and  every  line  of 
causation  may  be  traced  to  the  vicious 
money  trust. 

*  *      * 

The  Pennsylvania  railroad  owns  4,500 
locomotives  engaged  exclusively  in 
freight  traffic.  If  each  locomotive  earns 
$200  profit  in  24  hours  the  aggregate 
profit  will  be  not  less  than  $328,500,000 
in  12  months,  which  is  $258,172,038 
more  than  the  profit  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Railroad  Company  was  ever  reported  to 
have  been  in  its  peak  year  (1918)  from 
its  freight  traffic  and  26  other  sources  of 
revenue  combined. 

*  *      * 

The  Ship  Subsidy  Bill  isn't  going  to 
have  any  luck  this  season.  Of  course  it 
is  not  dead  yet.  A  lot  of  people  are  will- 
ing to  pay  a  lot  of  money  to  keep  it  alive. 
But  it  is  a  sick  dog,  due  principally  to 
labor's  energy  and  activity  in  telling  the 
people  what  it  was  all  about. 


The  Railroad  Labor  Board  is  another 
patient  that  needs  attention.  It  hung  its 
clothes  on  a  hickory  limb  when  it  passed 
the  famous  outlaw  resolution.  If  the 
contraption  wished  on  a  wea«y  world  by 
the  Esch-Cummins  combination  will  only 
stay  in  the  hospital  we  will  have  gained 
something. 

*  *      * 

Beet  sugar  interests,  led  by  Smoot, 
don't  like  to  see  ample  supply  of  cane 
sugar  coming  in.  Working  people,  pay- 
ing 'steen  cents  a  pound  for  sugar, 
should  ponder  on  how  magnates  who 
neither  raise  cane  nor  beets,  juggle  with 
finances  and  tariffs. 

*  *      * 

Raising  tariff  is  more  profitable  for 
some  than  raising  sugar  is  for  others. 
Middlemen  and  speculators  get  theirs 
coming  and  going.  We  have  the  satis- 
faction, however,  of  knowing  that  no 
matter  how  high  those  vultures  fly,  they 
have  got  to  light  some  day. 

*  *      * 

Up  to  date  we  have  not  heard  of  any 
mass  meeting  being  called  by  the  "open 
shoppers"  to  ascertain  why  rents  are  be- 
ing raised.  Perhaps  they  believe  the 
workers  should  live  in  tent  sand  straw- 
stacks  if  they  cannot  pay  the  landlard's 
charge. 

*  *      * 

Anyone  who  is  planning  the  erection 
of  a  new  building  has  a  long  wait  ahead 
of  him  if  he  decides  to  postpone  the  ven- 
ture until  "prices  come  down,"  to  judge 
from  quotations  on  building  material 
during  the  past  nine  months.  The  trend 
is  generally  upward  owing  to  the  boom 
in  the  building  industry,  which  has  been 
more  active  than  at  any  time  in  its 
history. 

*  *      * 

"The  Chicago  Tribune,"  the  railroads' 
friend,  claims  that  the  increased  values 
of  railroad  properties  has  absorbed  the 
"watered"  stock.  If  this  is  true,  we 
would  like  to  know  why  wore  the  rail- 
roads not  required  to  pay  an  income  tax 
to  cover  such  increased  valuation,  as 
were  all  the  merchants  whose  incomes 
partially  were  represented  by  inventories 
of  stocks  at  market  prices  rather  than 
the  costs  at  the  time  when  purchased? 


46 


THE     CARPENTER 


The  "Shop  Union"  Bug 

A  great  cloud  of  deception  has  been 
raised  and  the  public  mind  greatly  be- 
fuddled through  exploitation  of  the  so- 
called  shop  union  idea,  in  which  the 
workers  in  a  particular  establishment 
are  supposed  to  have  a  share  in  the  di- 
rection of  the  affairs  of  that  establish- 
ment, especially  as  regards  the  condi- 
tions and  terms  of  their  employment. 
The  intrinsic  weakness  of  such  a  plan  is 
found  in  the  fact  that  it  destricts  rep- 
resentation on  shop  committees  or  what- 
ever former  method  of  expression  is 
adapted  to  the  employes  of  that  partic- 
ular shop  or  establishment,  thus  deny- 
ing to  them  the  benefit  that  will  ensue 
from  communication  with  others  who  are 
similarly  situated  and  whose  interests 
are  common.  The  trades  union  move- 
ment is  the  best  known  agency  for  the 
expression  of  the  desires  and  conserva- 
tism of  the  interest  of  the  workers. 
Common  employment  breeds  common 
habits  of  thought  as  well  as  of  effort, 
and  common  interests  must  find  com- 
mon outlet,  and  this  is  not  to  be  secured 
under  conditions  which  set  up  between 
groups  of  workers  the  artificial  barrier 
of  what  payroll  their  names  appear  upon. 
Collective  bargaining  and  all  the  various 
activities  for  which  a  trade  union  prop- 
perly  is  formed,  and  to  the  legitimate 
carrying  out  of  which  it  devotes  its  ex- 
istence, may  only  be  given  their  full  and 
beneficial  application  when  the  dealings 
between  employer  and  employed  rest  on 
the  full  recognition  of  the  trades  union 
as  the  one  proper  and  efficient  instru- 
ment for  the  expression  of  the  needs  of 
its  members.  Democracy  in  industry  can 
only  be  successfully  founded  on  right  re- 
lations between  the  workers  and  the 
managers,  and  these  relations  will  not 
exist  until  the  trades  union  is  recognized 
as  the  basic  unit  and  not  the  group  as 
limited  by  the  single  shop  or  establish- 
ment. 


Not  Such   a   Large   Place 

It  seemed  that  when  Rastus  and  Sam 
died  they  took  different  routes ;  so  when 
the  latter  got  to  heaven  he  called  Rastus 
on  the  'phone. 

"Rastus,"  he  said,  "how  yo'  like  it 
down  thar?" 

"Oh,  boy!  Dis  here  am  some  place," 
replied  Rastus.  "All  we  has  ter  do  is  to 
wear  a  red  suit  wid  horns,  an'  ebery  now 
an'  den  shovel  some  coal  on  de  fire.  We 
don't  work  no  more  dan  two  hours  out  ob 


de  twenty-four  down  here.  But  tell  me, 
Sam,  how  is  it  with  you  up  yonder?" 

"Mah  goodness !  We  has  to  git  up  at^ 
fo'  o'clock  in  de  mawnin'  and  gathah  in 
de  stahs ;  den  we  has  to  haul  in  de  moon 
and  hang  out  de  sun.  Den  we  has  ter 
roll  de  clouds  aroun'  all  day  long." 

"But,  Sam,  how  comes  it  yo'  has  ter 
work  so  hard?" 

"Well,  to  tell  de  truf,  Rastus,  we's 
kin'  o'  short  of  help  up  here." 

— The   Kablegram 

• ; 

The  Slavery  of  the  Mind 

A  man's  mind  is  enslaved  so  long  as 
he  is  content  with  a  mere  increase  in 
wages  under  a  precarious  wage  system. 
A  man's  mind  is  enslaved  until  he  rises 
in  his  manhood's  might  to  overturn  the 
entire  system  by  which  one  man  can 
live  upon  the  toil  of  other  men.  The 
workers  must  come  to  see  that  the  man 
who  does  not  work  is  deserving  of 
neither  admiration  nor  respect.  The 
world  is  getting  its  eyes  too  wide  open 
to  much  longer  support  the  loafer  and 
the  tramp;  whether  he  loafs  in  a  bar- 
room or  in  a  fashionable  club ;  whether* 
he  tramps  the  railroad  ties  or  the  ver- 
anda of  a  fashionable  hotel.  The  work- 
ing class  must  quit  its  cringing  suppli- 
cation for  a  few  cents  more  a  day ;  it 
must  stand  erect  and  demand  the  entire 
produce  of  its  labor;  it  must  refuse  to 
support  a  single  normal  man  in  idleness. 
— Franklin  H.  Wentworth. 


Give  the  Laboring  Man  His  Share 

Give  the  laboring  man  his  share, 

Fill  his  pail  up  to  the  brim, 
Deck  his  home  with  garlands  fair 

'Til  each  soul  with  love  shall  sing. 

Bind  the  world  with  hope  and  love, 
Bring  the  haughty  to  their  knees, 

Take  inspiration  from  above, 
Forgive  an  honest  sinner's  pleas. 

Help  a  worthy  friend  in  need 

Crush  each  unclean  selfish  thought 

Praise  each  loyal  generous  deed 
When  to  your  notice  brought. 

Find  the  motive  of  all  acts 

And  criticize  with  care, 
If  the  subject  wisdom  lacks — 

Then  credit  what  is  fair. 

And  if  at  last  you  clearly  find 

Your  load  too  heavy  lies, 
Keep  Truth  and  Honor  in  your  mind — 

A  just  soul  never  dies. 

We  may  be  racked  with  want  and  pain, 
We  may  be  friendless,   hungry,   cold, 

Yet  faith,  hope  and  love  remain, 

For  they  will  feed  and  clothe  the  soul. 

— By  John  Bowman. 


Craft  ProblQms 


A  Proposition 


I  wish  to  remove  the  posts  No.  1,  2, 
3,  4,  5,  6.  What  dimensions  will  be 
required  for  the  cords  and  also  the 
braces.  Should  there  be  counters  in  all 
the  pannels,  as  shown  by  dotted  lines? 


//*-*' 


"Will  some  brother  carpenter  or  other 
correspondent  of  "The  Carpenter"  help 
me  out? 

J.   W.   MILLER. 
L.  U.  No.  206.  Newcastle,  Pa. 


Siding  the  House 

(By  Dwight  L.  Stoddard.) 

One  may  have  a  beautiful  home  well 
arranged  and  hardwood  floors  and  each 
room  cased  with  different  kind  of  hard- 
wood finish,  it  may  be  admired  by  every 
one  that  sees  the  inside,  but  com- 
paratively few  ever  see  the  inside  of 
your  home,  hundreds  may  pass  your 
house  and  never  give  a  thought  to  the 
kind  of  a  roof  you  have  on  it,  not  even 
the  kind  of  cornice,  and  could  not  tell  if 
it  had  a  base  or  not,  yet  if  it  is  a  poor 
job  of  siding  thousands  will  notice  the 
defects  as  they  pass,  and  they  do  not 
have  to  be  mechanics  either,  and  it's  not 
because  it  is  such  an  uncommon  thing 
to  see  a  poor  job  of  siding.  In  fact  they 
are  very  common,  it  is  not  only  the  com- 
mon carpenters  that  do  poor  siding,  but 
often  good  mechanics  thoughtlessly 
space  up  in  a  way  that  they  get  a  very 
ordinary  job  of  siding,  in  fact  often  even 
below  the  ordinary. 

I  was  once  working  with  a  good  me- 
chanic, we  were  putting  on  siding  so 
narrow  it  was  only  about  2  in.  to  the 


weather.  Now  most  any  one  will  tell 
you  the  compasses  are  the  thing,  they 
get  right  down  to  the  scratch,  well  he 
scratched  up  one  side  and  had  to  adjust 
the  compasses  a  bit  to  come  out  at  the 
top,  on  the  other  side  he  had  to  adjust 
his  compasses  again,  but  he  did  not  real- 
ize until  he  had  the  space  sided  clear  to 
the  top  of  his  long  window  that  he  had 
adjusted  his  compasses  one  way  for 
one  side  and  the  other  way  for  the  other 
side  and  had  got  one  more  scratch  on 
one  side  than  he  had  on  the  other.  I 
have  often  seen  one  scratch  up  only  a 
few  spaces,  starting  at  the  bottom  and 
do  the  exact  same  on  the  other  side 
around  the  corner  and  be  surprised  to 
get  up  a  little  ways  to  find  it  looked  very 
bad,  as  it  was  not  coming  up  alike,  now 
why  it  can  vary  so  much  as  we  have 
often  seen,  I  am  almost  at  a  loss  to 
know,  it  must  be  the  carelessness  of  the 
man,  it  surely  is  not  the  fault  of  the 
compasses.  Now  where  one  simply 
marks  his  siding  and  lays  to  the  mark, 
he  may  get  it  nice  and  straight,  but  he 
may  not  hit  at  the  bottom  or  top  of  his 


48 


THE    CARPENTER 


windows  at  all  and  it  is  liable  to  look  a 
good  deal  worse  than  the  one  that  spaces 
up  with  the  compasses.  Now  I  have 
built  a  good  many  houses  that  the  win- 
dows were  all  of  a  length,  which  makes 
a  very  nice  appearing  house  and  a  good 
one  to  side  nicely,  yet  there  is  a  good 
many  times,  perhaps  more  now  than  in 
the  past,  that  the  windows  are  all 
lengths  and  heighths,  yet  generally  re- 
gardless of  the  different  lengths,  most 
of  the  tops  are  all  placed  on  a  level. 

The  quickest  and  best  way  I  have  ever 
found  in  my  life  to  side  a  house  and  be 
sure  to  get  a  job  and  have  the  siding 
come  up  all  around  alike  is  to  take  the 
time  before  you  begin  siding  to  space  a 
stick  the  length  of  your  longest  window, 
although  you  space  it  even  from  one  end 
to  the  other,  I  have  always  found  it  best 


that  way,  but  I  suppose  that  the  real 
reason  is  many  get  two  or  three  boards 
on  while  one  was  spacing  up  all  around 
the  house  and  therefore  they  think  they 
are  just  that  much  ahead  when  in  reality 
I  suppose  if  one  would  take  the  time  to 
get  the  spacing  all  done  and  then  go  to 
siding  with  nothing  else  to  do,  only  side 
until  it  was  done,  no  more  stopping  to 
space  or  correcting  spacing  or  siding 
that  was  put  on  wrong  they  would  find 
in  the  end  this  method  is  not  only  much 
the  best,  but  much  the  quickest,  also. 

Now,  I  do  not  want  the  brothers  to 
think  this  is  the  best  method  and  I  hope 
many  brothers  will  illustrate  their  meth- 
od and  show  us  some  better  ones,  but  I 
do  say  it  is  the  best  I  have  ever  tried 
and  I  guess  I  have  tried  all  I  have  ever 
heard  about. 


;___  '  |  I 1 1  =  === 

j  :  

!  I1  I  U  U 

iL.l.       ■         . ■  —  ■        ■■-        — 


to  mark  the  top  and  always  put  that  end 
to  the  top  and  mark  all  the  long  win- 
dows all  round  the  house,  then  level  over 
from  your  window  to  the  corned  board 
and  space  all  of  them,  then  with  your 
top  end  in  place  on  the  shorter  windows 
space  them,  and  if  possible  without  too 
much  change,  change  them  so  they  will 
space  out  even  with  the  bottom  as  illus- 
trated. True,  sometimes  there  are  so 
many  different  lengths  that  it  is  not 
practical  to  come  even  with  them  all, 
but  keep  even  at  top  and  as  many  as 
possible  at  the  bottom. 

Now  a  house  sided  with  any  care  at 
all  with  this  method  everywhere  you 
look  the  siding  all  comes  up  just  alike, 
the  bottom  of  every  siding  all  around 
the  house  is  laid  to  the  same  place.  Look 
the  whole  side  across  and  there  you  are, 
look  around  the  corner  and  there  we  are 
again  up  each  side  of  the  corner  just 
exactly  alike.  The  house  when  done  this 
way  looks  so  nice  and  perfect  that  I 
often  wonder  why  more  are  not  sided 


If  these  little,  simple  sure  methods  of 
doing  work  right  were  only  more  fully 
illustrated  in  our  Journal  there  would  be 
less  poor  work  done  by  our  membership 
and  if  there  is  anything  I  hate  to  see,  is 
a  poor  job,  especially  by  our  members. 

There  is  entirely  too  much  rather  poor 
siding  done  by  our  membership  and  that 
is  the  reason  why  I  have  written  this 
article.  If  others  will  take  it  up  and  it 
is  the  means  of  us  doing  better  siding,  I 
will  be  well  paid  for  writing  this  article. 


The  Plumb  Rule  and  Its  Bob 

(By  Owen  B.  Maginnis.) 
The  consideration  of  this  most  valu 
able  and  indispensable  instrument  to 
mechanics  and  craftsmen  engaged  in 
building  construction  and  engineering 
leads  us  on  to  its  further  practical  appli- 
cation. 

Just  to  commence  let's  ask  our  read- 
ers to  observe  the  sketch,  Fig.  1,  of  this 
article  and  can  anyone  doubt  the  utility 
of  this  tool  largely  employed  by  stone- 


THE    CARPENTER 


49 


setters  putting  in  place  fine  ashler  in- 
troduced into  the  facades  of  public 
buildings,  mansions,  great  business  and 
on  bridges,  culverts,  etc.,  demanding  ab- 
solute accuracy  on  the  part  of  the  me- 
chanics. 


s 

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NJ»  N. 

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e 

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s  a 

1 

Fig.    1 — Line    and    Plumb    Bob    Applied 
and  Acting  As  a  Level. 

Some  expert  carpenter  on  seeing  this 
illustration  may  perhaps  murmur  or  say : 
"It  isn't  as  accurate,  or  as  rapid  as  a 
carpenter's  level  set  reversed  on  the  top 
edge  of  a  straight  edge." 

Perhaps  not,  but  note  that  there  are 
here  two  tools,  those  just  mentioned, 
contained  in  one.  Presuming  that  this 
instrument  which  is  of  course  made  by 
one  skilled  in  our  craft,  be  properly  put 
together  is  it  not  still  excellent?  The 
angles  A  and  B  being  right  or  square 
and  the  piece  Y  dovetailed  and  screwed 
or  bolted  to  the  straight  edge  X,  what 
could  be  better  for  rising  continuous 
work?  As  shown  it  is  a  very  ancient 
and  well  tried  appliance  and  an  evolu- 
tion from  the  straight,  common  rule  used 


TTT 


Fig.  2 — A  Diminishing  Plumb  Rule. 

by  carpenters  in  setting  door  jambs,  etc., 
but  did  any  of  you  ever  make  a  dim- 
inishing plumb  rule,  like  Fig.  2? 


"Full  Length  Roof  Framer" 

la  a  book  to  ine  the  time  and  brains  of  the  ex- 
perts and  to  avoid  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  un- 
ixpcrli  nod. 

It  Is  n  book  cor.taln.lng  230,400  different  sized  and 
pitched  roofs.  Each  roof  Is  worked  out  complne.  with, 
the  length  of  every  rafter  In  feet  and  Inches  aud  thilr 
herein  for   the  sucl  square. 

If  your  roof  Is  pitched  It  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
what  size  or  pilch. 

You  can  call  off  the  lengths  and  bevels  for  every 
rafter,  for  any  pitched  roof  as  fast  as  the  size  of 
building  is  given. 

Experience   or  Btudy  unnecessary. 

We  will  prove  these  remarkable  statements  to  any 
ambitious   carpinter. 

Send  no  monty  until  you  receive  the  book.  If  at 
any  time  you  wish  to  return  book,  your  money  wlU  Le 
returned  immedinti  ly. 

Four  years  advertising  In  this  magazine  without  a 
(Ingle  complaint   is   our   recommendation.      Price  $1.25. 

A.  Riechers,  Publisher 

Palo  Alto,  California 


Observe  that  this  specimen  is  not 
parallel,  but  it  would  nevertheless  be 
necessary  in  some  jobs,  let  us  presume. 

Supposing  you  were  on  a  job,  say  on 
a  factory  building  which  is  to  have  a 
smokestack  intended  for  a  boiler  or  a 
battery  of  boilers,  and  flame  and  smoke 
are  intended  to  be  carried  up  by  the  flue 
in  same  and  that  the  stack  is  of  brick- 
work, say  100  ft.  high,  octagonal  in  plan 
6  ft.  at  the  base  or  ground  line  and 
3  ft.  at  the  top. 

As  the  brickwork  diminishes  or  the 
whole  tapers  so  the  surface  will  slope 
inwards  as  the  structure  ascends  so  that 
the  carpenter  must  make  and  provide 
the  mason  with  a  plumb  rule  resembling 
Fig.  2,  which  is  termed  a  diminishing 
rule,  and  must  be  calculated  out  by  a 
sum  in  proper  form  in  the  following 
way. 


Fig.  3 — A  Battered  Plumb  Rule. 

If  a  wall  slopes  back  1  ft.  6  in.  in  100 
ft.,  how  much  will  it  recede  in  5  ft., 
viz:  the  length  of  the  rule  as  shown? 


50 


Reduce  to  inches,  thus: 

18—1200 
?—       5 


THE    CARPENTER 

Perhaps  some  brothers  may  Tsnow  ofj 


5x18  equals      40 
12  1200 


equals  — 
30 

which  will  give  us  a  slope  of  1-30  of  an 
inch  in  5  ft.,  and  this  must  be  added  to 
the  width  of  the  plumb  rule  at  the  top 
at  A-B. 

At  Fig.  3  a  battered  rule  or  guide  for 
a  stone  or  retaining  wall  is  represented 
and  is  accurately  made  by  a  carpenter. 
They  are  employed  on  retaining  wall  or 
on  any  structure  having  a  quick  slope. 

Plumb  rules  with  curved  edges  like  in 
Fig.  4  are  also  made  as  for  domes  and 
such  like  jobs  of  masonry. 


Fig.  4 — A  Curved  Edge  Plumb  Rule. 


others  of  unusual  form  which  they  could 
send  to  the  editor. 


Laminated  Work 

In  Webster  as — "Consisting  of  plates      by  building  them  up  in  layers  or  thick- 
one  laid  over  the  other."  nesses  of  timber  and  wood  so  as  to  form 


7 


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rrtt 

Mr 

Fig.  1— An  Elevation  Built  By  Carpenters  of  Laminated  Timber  "Work. 
In  carpentry   and  joinery   it   consists      a  solid,  as  in  the  sketch,  Fig.  1,  which 
of  forming  structures  or  constructions,      represents    one    grain    bin    of   a    timber 


THE    CARPENTER 


51 


Fig.  2 — The  Construction,  of  Square 
"Laminated"  Timber  Work. 


elevator  structure.  Here  readers  will 
observe  how  the  layers  or  planks  of 
timber  are  laid  tier  by  tier  on  top  of 
each  other  as  they  rise  and  are  carried 
up  to  anv  desired  height  in  the  manner 
represented  at  Fig.  2,  which  clearly  ex- 
plains how  the  timbers  are  thoroughly 
spiked  together  so  as  to  form  when  the 
heading  joints  are  well  spaced  apart  a 
structure  of  enormous  strength. 

In  joinery,  hardwood  doors  of  ve- 
reered  design  have  their  cores  or 
groundwork  built  up  in  thicknesses  or 
laminated  work  the  layers  being  jointed 
and  glued  together,  so  as  to  form  one 
piece  as  a  stile  rail  or  circular  and 
semi-circular  and  segmental  details  are 
frequently,  as  may  be  witnessed  at  Fig. 
3,  where  sweeps  are  cut  out  of  planks, 
as  shown  at  3  at  the  bottom.     The  mid- 


Fig.  S-^How  Circular  Laminated  Work 
Put  Together, 


Fig.    4 — Laminated   Semi- Circular   Door 

Frame  Head — Sawn  Out  In  Sweeps, 

Glued  and  Screwed  Together. 

die  shows  how  they  may  be  nailed  or 
screwed  together  and  like  top  how  they 
are  jointed. 

• 

Weight  of  Materials    Used   in   Building 
Construction 

Per  Cu. 
Ft,  Lbs. 

Brickwork  weighs 120 

Cinder  concrete  in   floor  arches   or 

fireproof  floors 108 

Stone  concrete 144 

Granite,  bluestone  and  marble.  .  .  .    16S 

Limestone 156 

Sandstone 144 

Oak  nnd  long  leaf  yellow  pine 4S 

Spruce,    fir,    hemlock,    white    pine, 

and  short  leaf  yellow  pine.  ....     30 


52 


THE     CARPENTER 


Sustaining  Power  of  Soils  Per 
Square  Foot 

Tons. 

Soft  clay  will  sustain 2 

Wet  clay  will  sustain 2 

Firm  clay  will  sustain 2 

Sand  and  clay  mixed  or  in  layers.  .  2 

Fine  and  dry  sand 3 

Hard,   dry  clay 4 

Coarse  sand 4 

Gravel . .'. 6 

Soft  rock   8 

Hard  pan 10 

Medium  rock 15 

Hard  rock 40 

Wood  Lath^ 

One  bundle  of  lath  will  cover  a  sur- 
face 8  ft.  by  7  ft.  or  56  sq.  ft.,  spaced 
%  of  an  inch  apart.  Wood  laths  meas- 
ure %x.iy2  in.  by  3  or  4  ft.  in  length. 

• 

Overcoming  Other  Peoples'  Mistakes 

(By  Dwight  L.  Stoddard.) 
Overcoming  other  peoples'  mistakes 
is  what  we  have  to  do  all  the  time  to 
keep  tbe  world  in  balance.  Capital  sees 
its  power  and  oversteps  itself,  would 
run  the  world  to  ruin,  but  labor  takes  a 
hand  to  adjust  matters  and  they  too, 
may  slightly  err  and  then  the  great 
common  people  that  always  try  to  be 
right  try  their  best  to  adjust  the  entire 
matter  and  they  too,  being  human,  may 
make  a  slight  mistake  that  some  one  has 
to  come  along  and  correct,  and  so  one 
after  the  other  take  a  hand  in  overcom- 
ing other  peoples'  mistakes  until  after  a 
while  the  matter  is  adjusted  and  the 
world  runs  smoothly  again  for  a  time. 
And  so  it  is  in  every  day  life  all  along 
the  line,  to  work  in  harmony  and  make 
the  best  appearance  and  get  the  most  out 
of  life  one  must  be  prepared  to  do  the 
best  he  can  to  overcome  other  peoples' 
mistakes  as  he  comes  in  contact  with 
them  in  his  daily  work.  I  will  admit 
that  possibly  everything  in  this  world 
should  be  right,  yet  the  man  that  says 
so  and  says  that  he  will  do  his  work 
right,  regardless  of  how  the  other  fellow 
has  done  his  work,  is  too  smart  and  too 
selfish  to  be  of  any  great  benefit  to  the 
world  at  large. 

I  was  just  finishing  a  house  for  a 
plasterer  who  was  building  himself  and 
wife  a  fine  home.  Naturally  he  took 
particular  interest  and  care  in  the  plas- 
tering for  it  would  not  only  helft  the 
appearance  of  the  house  and  later  the 
gale  if  they   should  ever  want   to   sell 


it,  but  it  would  also  be  a  standing  ad- 
vertisement for  his  own  work.  The 
front  rooms  and  heavy  plastered  mould- 
ings were  massive  and  attractive  to 
the  extreme,  the  corners  were  all  re- 
inforced with  metal  lath  and  metal  cor- 
ner pieces,  everything  possible  to  keep 
it  from  cracking  or  knocked  off,  yet 
as  perfect  as  the  entire  house  was  when 
I  came  to  case  one  of  the  back  doors  that 
the  casing  was  supposed  to  come  within 
about  one-half  inch  from  the  corner  to 
my  surprise  I  found  the  corner  about  an 
inch  out  of  straight  and  plumb.  It  had 
come  about  by  using  scraps  for  the  metal 
corner  and  they  had  been  nailed  on  one 
dark,  rainy  day  when  he  could  not  see, 
and  was  also  too  gloomy  to  do  good  work 
anyway. 

If  one  was  bright  and  wanted  only 
the  best  work  possible  they  would  only 
work   on   bright   days,    but    the   human 


SHOULD 
HAVE 
BEEN 


HOW 

OHE 

MIGHT 

TH01 

IT 


DID 
LOOK 


1 

being  is  not  very  bright.  Now,  if  I  had 
nailed  on  that  casing  without  any  con- 
sideration of  his  work  I  would  have 
cased  it  up  straight  and  plumb  and  the 
casing  would  have  come  just  even  at  the 
bottom  in  the  center,  the  plastering 
would  have  stuck  out  about  %  of  an 
inch  and  at  the  top  the  casing  would 
have  projected  past  the  corner  of  the 
plastering.  My  work  would  have  been 
right  and  there  could  not  have  been  any 
kick  on  it,  yet  it  would  have  been  an 
entire  giveaway  to  the  plasterer  and  his 
advertisement  would  have  been  against 
him  instead  of  for  him. 

I  never  mentioned  it  to  any  one  be- 
fore, but  I  done  the  best  I  could.  I  show 
the  illustration  the  best  I  can,  as  it 
should  have  been.  As  the  plastered  wall 
really  was,  as  one  would  naturally  think 
it  would  look  when  cased  to  fit  the 
crooked  corner,  but  we  must  remember 
when  trying  to  overcome  other  peoples' 
mistakes  we  must  meet  them  half  way, 
so  to  speak,     I  did  not  try  to  make  my 


THE    CARPENTER 


53 


casing  just  as  crooked  as  he  did  his 
wall,  I  only  met  his  part  way.  I  fit  the 
casing  the  best  I  could  to  overcome  it. 
True,  it  looks  a  bit  close  at  the  top,  but 
[  do  not  believe  it  was  ever  noticed,  I 
never  heard  from  it  anyway,  plain  as 
nyone  can  see  it  in  the  drawing.  I 
doubt  very  much  if  the  drawing  was 
made  without  any  explanation  if  one  in 
a  hundred  would  notice  it. 

The  point  I  want  to  make  is  help  one 
another   work   in   harmony,    do   all   you 


can  for  your  brother  workman  and  you 
will  get  little  enough  out  of  life  at  the 
best. 

There  are  other  peoples'  mistakes  be- 
fore us  constantly,  we  should  be  pre- 
pared to  adjust  them  to  the  best  of  our 
ability.  Any  mechanic  may  be  able  to 
do  his  work  right,  but  it  takes  a  man  to 
adjust  matters,  so  it  appears  that  every- 
body has  done  right.  I  may  not  be  a 
real  man,  but  I  at  least  have  a  manly 
heart  and  realize  the  more  we  do  for 
one  another  the  better  we  are  off. 


Some  Sketches  for  Small  Bridges 

Readers  will  see  a  cross  section  of  a      ner  shown  at  the  bottom  of  figure.     This 
highway  bridge  spanning  a  creek  about      suspension  rod  passes  through  the  ends 
Q  9 


4-  JU.    -**- 


I&.0- 


_D 


T 


,  i^r/p/Az-^sEifS 


T*2^ 

Fig.  1 — Section  of  a  Highway  Bridge. 

10  ft.   wide.      There  are   four  principal      of   the  'stringer   and   is   tightened   with 
stringers  under  the  roadway  which  are      plates,   washers   and   nuts.      As   will   be 


Fig.  2 — Cross  Section  of  a  Small  Bridge. 

trussed  with  the  center  post  and  1  in.      seen  there  is  4  ft.  allowed  on  each  side 
wrought  iron  suspension  rod  in  the  man-      for   sidewalks.      The   stirngers   measure 

Ln.  .      ~ 


Fig.  3 — A  Small  Bridge  Truss. 


THE     CARPENTER 


*xl2  in.,  the  roadway  planking  3x8  in. 
jm!  the  guide  pieces  5x8  in.;  the  guard 
ails  for  the  bridge  can  be  made  up  of 


form  of  bridge  is  constructed  on  the 
Howe  truss  principle,  and  very  strong 
bridges  can   be  built  by   increasing  the 


Fig.  4 — A  Truss. 


diagonal  or  some  other  simple  pattern, 
but  they  should  be  well  braced  from  the 
under  side  of  the  bridge.     I  show  long- 


depth  or  distance  between  the  upper  and 
lower  chords.  It  will  be  understood  that 
the    sizes    of    the    timbers    must    be    in- 


Fig.  5 — Truss  for  a  Short  Span 


itudinal  and  transverse  sections  of  a 
small  bridge  for  spanning  any  width  up 
to  25  ft.    Readers  will  perceive  that  this 


creased  in  proportion  with  the  increase 
of  each  foot  of  span  in  order  to  resist  the 
strain  placed  thereon. 


Home  Builder's  Rig 

The  C.  H.  &  E.  Manufacturing  Co., 
Inc.,  whose  advertisement  appears  in 
this  issue,  has  a  handy  outfit  for  home 
builders  in  their  "saw  rig."  It  is  a  big 
value  for  the  money,  in  that  it  has  a  hot 
rivited  steel  frame,  making  it  very  rigid. 
The  three  horse  power,  water  cooled  en- 
gine is  mounted  on  channels  back  of  the 
table.  Table  can  be  raised  and  lowered 
with  raising  screw.  The  arbor  bearings 
are  wick  oiling.  The  rip  gauge  is  ad- 
justable from  square  to  45  degrees  and 
the  cross  cut  gauge,  adjustable  from 
square  to  mitre.  The  12  in.  saw  has  a 
ripping  capacity  of  fifty  lineal  feet  per 
minute  and  by  feeding  reasonably,  3  in. 
lumber  at  the  rate  of  thirty  lineal  feet 
per  minute.  It  can  be  easily  moved 
around  on  the  job  or  from  job  to  job. 


Accidents  cause  an  annual  loss  of 
$120,   000,000. 

Duplication  of  estimates  and  designs 
and  duplication  in  bidding  cause  an  an- 
nual  loss    of    $1,000,000,000. 

Application  of  safety  methods  would 
save  12,000,000  days'  work  a  year. 

The  above  are  some  of  the  conclusions 
reached  by  the  committee  on  elimina- 
tion of  waste  in  industry  of  the  Ameri- 
can engineering  council,  appointed  by 
Herbert  Hoover. 

The  report  insists  that  greater  co- 
operation between  employer  and  employe 
is  "an  absolute  essential,"  and  that  this 
co-operation  is  impossible  "without  the 
removal  of  causes  of  friction  and  the 
working  out  of  plans  to  this  end." 


Waste    In    Building   Shown 

Building  trades  workmen  are  em- 
ployed but  190  days  a  year. 

Unemployment  causes  an  annual  loss 
of  $500,000,000. 


To  pass  an  idea  on  is  to  multiply  its 
power.      Tell   your  friends   to  patronize 
the  Union  Label,  card  and  button. 
*      *      * 

Get  the  thrift  habit  and  get  out  of 
debt.  Thrift  Stamps  and  W.  S.  S.  are 
first  aids, 


One  of  the  quickest  ways 
to  clinch  a  sale  of 
Johns-Manville  Asbestos 
Roofing  is  to  make  the 
blow-torch  test  before 
your  prospect.  It  con- 
vinces I 


"Asbestos  Roofing 
is  so  much  easier  to  sell 
in  spite  of  the  fact  that 
it  costs  a  little  more." 

IT'S  always  hard  to  sell  in  the  low  priced 
markets.  With  twenty  to  thirty  kinds 
of  roofing  in  the  field  all  fighting  it  out 
on  x:>rice,  you  get  plenty  of  competition,  and 
that's  why  profits  are  slim  and  orders  hard 
to  get. 

A  little  higher  in  the  price  scale,  business 
comes  more  easily  and  more  certainly. 

Many  roofing  men  who  handle  Johns- 
Manville  Asbestos  Roofings  tell  us  this. 
They  have  something  to  offer  that  is  dis- 
tinctive —  a  product  with  characteristics 
that  are  different  from  all  others. 

Take  Johns-Manville  Asbestos   Shingles, 
for    example.       The     fire- safety,     ultimate 
economy  and  beauty  of  these  shingles  are  . 
apparent  to  thousands. 

When  you  talk  to  prospects  you  will  be 
astonished  at  the  great  number  of  them 
who  are  already  sold  on  Asbestos  Roofings. 

Let  us  tell  you  how  to  get  their  orders. 

JOHNS-MANVILLE  Inc. 

Madison  Avenue  at  41st  Street,  New  York  City 

Branches  in  57  Large  Cities 
For  Canada:  Canadian  Johns-Manville  Co.,  Ltd.,  Toronto 

Johns-Manville 

Asbestos  Roofings 


FOR  A  CHRISTMAS  GIFT 

A  PHONOGRAPH 

MAKE   IT    YOURSELF    (in  your  spare  time). 

Four  styles  to  choose  from  (latest  designs). 

SAVE,  The  manufacturers  and  retailers  profits. 

MAKE  THEM  FOR  YOUR  FRIENDS,  if  you  sell  one  the 
profit  will  pay  for  your  own. 

Complete  woodwork  (cut  to  exact  size)  and  all  Cabinet 
Hardware  $29.50. 

We  also  furnish  motors  and  Tone  Arms. 

FREE  CATALOGUE   (upon  request). 

THE  CARPENTER  &  CABINET  MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO. 

434  W.  12th  Place  Chicago,  M. 


BLADDER 
WEAKNESS 

A  famous  European  chemist  has  given  the 
world  a  rare  discovery  that  soothes  and  allays 
inflammation  and  Weakness  of  Bladder. 

It  is  embodied  in  our  PRO-GLANDIN  that 

thousands  are  using.    Prompt  and  safe  results. 


Sleep 
all  night 
in  comfort 


If  you  want  to  enjoy  unbroken  rest  all  night, 
with  ease,  comfort,  contentment  and  better 
health,  then  use  PRO-GLANDIN  Free 

50c  Pkg'e  FREE 

ALSO  "  SELF  CARE"  LEAFLET 

To  introduce  we  will  give  away  100,000  Pack* 
Bees  sent  FREE,  postpaid  anywhere.  Contains 
Trial  supply  of  PRO-GLANDIN,  and  "Self 
Care"'  Leaflet  telling  how  to  treat  yourself. 
Every  Bladder  sufferer  should  read  it.  Send  no 
money,  just  your  address,  and  get  all  Free. 

U.  W.  WORTH  74  Cortlandt  St.,  New  York 


'  AUTOMATIC  SASH  HOLDERS 


Do 

Away 
With 
Sash 
f  e  1  g  h  t  s, 
tords.  Pulleys, 
itances.    Etc. 


Eliminate 
Window 
Pockets 
Battling  & 
Other    Nui- 
sances,   Save 
Time  &  Laboi 


ind  51.00  for  trial  set  prepaid.     Mention  weight 
lash  when  ordering.     Address  Dept.   C. 
HARDWARE  SALES  CO.,  Inc. 

_30  Church  St..  New  York.  City.  Room  226-E 


There  is  Strength  in 
Every  Tablet  of  This 
Newer  Form  of  Iron 

One    dose    often    helps    com- 
mence  to   enrich   your   blood 
and  revitalize  your  wornout 
exhausted    nerves  —  it    is    a 
newer  form  of  iron,  like  the 
iron   in   your   blood  and  like 
the   iron   in    spinich.      It   is 
">   prepared   that   it   will   not 
injure  the   teeth  nor   disturb  the 
stomach.     It  is  ready  for  almost 
immediate  absorption  and  assim- 
ulation  by  the  blood  w'-ale  some 
physicians     claim     metalie     iron 
which  people  usually  take  is  not 
absorbed  at  all.     If  you  are  not 
strong  or  well  you  owe  it  to  your- 
self   to    make    the    following    test  -• 
See  how  long  you  can  work  or  how 
li     —*  ■  """-»■»     ^ar   you    can   wal^   without   be- 
(•i.     '•mumz^      coming  tired.     Next  take  two 
Ifjk  "*5V^"?B    five-grain  tablets  of  this   newer 

R*. .    .ouJirw   form   of  iron — three  times  per 

clay,  after  meals  for  two  weeks. 
Then  test  your  strength  again 
and  see  how  much  you  have 
gained. 
NOTE— The  manufacturers  of  this  newer  form  of 
iron  known  as  Nuxated  Iron  are  thoroughly  reli- 
ablo:  since  its  introduction  it  has  reached  the 
stupendous  sale  of  over  4,000,000  packages  an- 
nually, and  it  has  been  used  and  highly  recom- 
mended by  former  U,  S.  Senators,  Members  of 
Conpresg.  Judges  of  U.  S.  Courts  and  many  physi- 
cians. We  are  able  to  guarantee  that  if  you  do 
not  obtain  all  and  even  greater  results  than  you 
expect  from  Nuxated  Iron  the  manufacturers  will 
promptly  refund  your  money. 


1ANS  FOB  P00LTBT  HOOSES! 


F>L 
All  style-  150  Illustrations;  secret  of  getting  winter  eggs, 
and  copy  01  "The  Full  Egg  Basket."    Send  25  cents. 
INLAND  POULTRY  JOURNAL,  Dept.  3  Indianapolis,  Ind, 


9  Piece 

Bedroom  Outfit 


Read  thiS  Description  Wonderful  Bargain  !    A  complete  out- 
fit of  bed  equipment— nine  useful  pieces— things 

younsed— thincs  every  proudhousewife  ought  tohave— and  the  whole  outfit  costsyou 
less  than  50c  a  week,  just  $2.10  a  month  —  surely  you  can  easily  save  that  much  on 
other  things!  Mail  the  coupon  today  and  we  w  ill  send  you  ail  these  9  pieces  on  approval. 

3©  Days  Trial  — Easy  Payments 

When  yon  get  this  complete  9-piece  bedroom  outfit,  use  it  freely  for  thirty  days.  See  for  your- 
self the  beauty  and  quality  of  each  piece.  Note  how  the  curtains  and  handsome  beddinu  beautify 
your  bedroom.  Tnen,  if  not  satisfied  for  any  reason,  return  the  stt  at  our  expense  and  we  will 
refund  your  Sl.OO  at  once  and  any  express  or  parcel  post  you  paid.  But  if  you  decide  to  keep 
the  set,  start  paying  only  $2.00  a  month  until  s  ou  have  paid  $19.93— payments  so  low  and  so  con- 
venient that  you  will  scarcely  know  you  spent  the  money.  Think  of  the  value.  Such  an  amaz- 
ing bargain  and  your  bedroom  like  new  !  )  f  you  were  to  buy  these  pieces  singly  they  would  cost 
you  almost  twice  as  much  as  we  ask  on  this  great  comb'na. ion  offer.    Could  you   duplicate  this 

offer  ever,  anywhere  for  spot  cash  ?    •annum ■■■ iimmimuiiinmmiittmn 

We've  smashed  the  cash  price  while    |    Straus  &  Schram,  Dcpt.  3018  Chicago 

giving  almost  a  year  to  pay.    We  trust    s    _  '       ". 


Soft  Cotton  Comforter — Good  size,  soft  and 
thick.  Filled  with  pure,  sweet,  sanitary  white 
cotton,  with  a  good  wearing  cambric  cover, 
In  rich  floral  design,  both  sides  alike  Meas- 
ures about  71  x  76  in.  Weight  about  5  lbs. 
Double  Plaid  Blankets  — Fine  texture  wool 
finished  double  cotton  blanket.     Has  carefully 

|  stitched  shell  binding.  Made  with  wool-like 
finish  produced  by  special  process.  Practically 
as  warm  as  all-wool  blankets.  Popular  color- 
ings. Size  about  66  x  80  in.  Weight  about 
8 1-4  pounds. 

I  Scalloped  Bedspread  — Magnificently  cro- 
cheted. Made  of  a  close  woven  long  staple 
New  England  cotton  yarn.  B.eached  to  snow- 
flake  white.     Launders  perfectly.    Size  about 

I  78x90  In.  Weight  about  3  1-4  pounds.  Corr 
at  out  so  spread  will  lie  perfectly  smooth 


Overlocked  stitch  scal- 


I  Rat  upon  the  bed. 

I  loped  edges. 

I  2  Pairs  Lace  Curtains— Newest  Colonial  de- 

I  sign.  (  Made    from    an    excellent  scrim  with 

1  2  1-2  inch  lace   insertion   and  dainty  1-2  inch 

■  iace  edge.  White  only.  Size  81  in.  long  and  28 

■  Inch  wide.    Will  launder  perfectly. 

1 2  Bed  Sheets  —  Seamed ,  extra  heavy, 
1  lleached  to  a  snowy  whiteness,  Dicely  hem- 
[ ,  med  and  beautifully  finished.  Size  about 
Bj  30x72  inches. 

1  2  Pillow  Cases  —  Same  quality  as  sheets— 
'  jleached  to  pure  snow  -  flako  whitct  nicely 
■j  Hade  and  beautifully  hemmed.  Will  (rive  long 
rill  launder  perfectly.  Size  about 


Order  by  No.  C7282A.     $1.00  with 

Coupon,  $2.00  a  month.  Price  for 

all  9  pieces,  only  $19.95. 


Free  Bargain  Catalog 

Shows  thousands  of  bargains  in  furniture, 
ewelry,  carpets,  rugs,  curtains,  silverware, 
<toves,  talking  machines,  porch  and  lawn 
urniture,  women's,  men's  and  children's 
rearing   apparel.    Send  coupon   today,  nowl 


;  year  to  pay. 
honest  peode  anywhere  in  the  U.  S. 
No  discount  for  cash,  nothing  extra 
for  credit.    No  C  O.  D. 

SeitdNOW 

Don't   delay  — 
Just  send  $1.00. 

Remember,  $1.00  deposit;  then 
thirty  days'  trial;  then  your  $1.00 
back  if  not  fully  satisfied.  You  do 
not  risk  one  cent  —  read  that 
coupon  NOW! 

Straus  &  Schram  ! 

Dept.  3018        Chicago 


Gentlemen :  — Enclosed  you  will  find  $1.00.  Ship 
special  advertised  9-piece  Bedroom  Outfit.  I  am  to 
have  CO  davs  trial.  If  I  keep  the  outfit  I  will  pay 
balance  at  $2  00  per  month.  If  not  satisfied,  I  will  re- 
turn the  outfit  within  30  days  and  you  atrree  to  refund 
my  dollar  and  any  express  or  parcel  post  charges  I 
paid.     Ptere*  wnt  sold  nennralely. 

□  9-Piece  Bedroom  Outfit  No.  C7282A.    S19.9S. 


St..  R.F.D. 
or  Box  A'o_ 


Sfhiofrino 

PonU 

Post 
5     Office State.. 


If  you  want  cataloe  only,  nut  x  in  box  below: 

D  Furniture,  Stoves,  Jewelry  LJ  Men's, Women's,  Children's  QothiBff 


CARPENTERS  «B  WE# 

PPACTICAL  RUL'tS 

..  /FOR  LAYiNC .•b.UT^WORK'.V,'. 


CARPENTERS  HAND  BOOK 

For  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no  other  hand 
book  of  similar  publication  that  gives  so  fully  the 
methods  of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every  day  "rules  and  tallies." 
Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are  those  giv- 
ing full  length  of  common,  hip,  valley  and  jack 
rafters,  also  the  cuts  required  for  any  of  these 
pitches.  In  these  tables  are  given  2700  different 
lengths  of  rafters,  300  different  lengths  of  braces 
and  the  proper  cuts  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete  roof  fram- 
ing, stair  building,  the  use  of  the  steel  square,  etc., 
and  in  fact  all  the  up-to-date  information  and 
■SHORT  CUT  RULES"  for  every-day  use  in  a  first 
class  flexible  bound  pocket  edition. 
Price  to  Members  Only  of  U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A. 

\~~  ~~  ~~"~"  ""Mail  this  Coupon  to""^  ~~" 

|  D.  A.   ROGERS, 

3604   Stevens   Ave.,   Minneapolis,   Minn. 
.  Enclosed  find  $1.00  for  which  please  send  me  your  boot 
•    CARPENTER     AND     BUILDERS     PRACTICAL     RULES 
I   FOR   LAYING   OUT   WORK. 


Name 

St.    and  No- 


(Size  4J  2  7  inchts. 


Town   and  State  

The  Book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back. 


BUILD  YOUR  OJIW  PHONOGRAPH 


Cut    out    big   profits.      Anyone    handy   with    tools 
can    make    a    cabinet    according   to    our    drawings 
and    simple    instructions.      We    furnish    meehan- 
*"    ical  parts   at  small  cost.     Drawings,   blue  prints, 
parts,  price  list.   etc..   free  on  request.     Write  today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Company 


Department  9 


Cincinnati,  Ohio 


^ 


LIGHTING  FIXTURES 

WIRED  READY  TO 

HANG 

Send  for  Catalog  No.  24. 
Dealers  ask  for  our  deal- 
ers' proposition. 
^ERIE  FIXTURE  SUPPLY  CO. 

Station  No.  2  Erie,  Pa. 


«np5) 


PLUMB  AND 
LEVEL 


Rustproof,  being  made  of  alum- 
inum. Can  be  easily  attached  to 
any  straight  edge.  Simple  to  ad- 
just. Guaranteed  Accurate.  -  Size 
31x2|  in. 

Price   $1.00    Delivered. 

J.  M.  WATERSTON 

428  Woodward  Ave.,   Detroit,   Mich. 
Complete  Tool  Catalogue  sent 
on    request. 


BE  A  BETTER  TRAINED  CARPENTER,  contrac- 
tor or  builder  and  earn  more  money.  Learn  to  read 
Blue  Prints.  Our  easy  course  trains  you  quickly  how 
to  get  a  fatter  pay  envelope  and  a  bigger  job.  Learn 
How  now  by  sending  for  our  free  Blue  Print  and 
catalogue  B,    stating  your   trade. 

ARCHITECTURAL,   MECHANICAL,   SHEET 
METAL  AND  STRUCTURAL  DRAFTING 

quickly  taught  at  home,  in  your  spare  time,  on  the 
"Pay  As  You  Study  Plan."  You  can  soon  qualify  for 
a  successful  draftsman.  Books  and  tools  furnished 
Free.  Write  today  for  catalog  G.  It  means  more  pay. 
ESTIMATING— STEEL  SQUARE 
Practical  Courses  making  the  various  details  simple 
and  clear.  It  will  give  you  the  training  that  will  take 
you  out  of  overalls  and  put  you  into  a  boss"  job.  Do 
not  miss  this  opportunity.    Write  now  for  Catalog.    E. 

COLUMBIA  CORRESPONDENCE  SCHOOL  EST.  1904 

umnrntyu  Deot.    I0F,   Drexel   Bldg.,    P.hila.,    Pa.  ebk 


Leonhart's  Straight  Edge  Level 


INVENTIONS  WANTED 

ON  CASH  OR  ROYALTY  BASIS 

We  have  been  in  business  24  years.  Have  complete  fac- 
tory and  facilities.  References  on  request.  What  have 
you  in  the  way  of  a  good  practical  invention,  patented 
or  unpatented. 

ADAM     FISHER     MFG.     CO.,     2  5  2,     St.     Louis,     Mo. 


THE  WOOD  WORKER'S  FRIEND 


Woodstock  and  lumber  is  high.  With  our  Jointer 
Heads  you  can  buy  rough  lumber  of  any  kind  and 
dress  it  to  suit  the  job.  Saves  time,  money  and 
lumber.  Would  this  be  any  object  to  you  ?  If  so, 
get   our  circular  prices.      Sold   on   30   day  trial. 

Whisler  Mfg.  Co.,  513-515  W.  Main  St.,  Ottumwa,  Is. 


Try  one.      Money  refunded  if  not  satisfied. 
Ask  your  dealer,  or  send  50c  to 

R.  LEONHART,         San  Anselmo,  Calif. 


Don't  Wear 
a  Truss 


BE  COMFORTABLE  — 
Wear  the  Brooks  Appliance, 
the  modern  scientific  inven- 
tion which  gives  rupture  suf-| 
ferers  immediate  relief.  It 
has  no  obnoxious  springs  or! 
pads.  Automatic  Air  Cush-MR-  c-  E-  BROOKS 
ions  bind  and  draw  together  the  broken  parts.  No 
salves  or  plasters.  Durable.  Cheap.  Sent  on  trial 
to  prove  its  worth.  Never  on  sale  In  stores  as  every 
Appliance  is  made  to  order,  the  proper  size  and  shape 
of  Air  Cushion  depending  on  the  nature  of  each  case. 
Beware  of  imitations.  Look  for  trade-mark  bearing 
portrait  and  signature  of  C.  E.  Brooks  which  appears 
on  every  Appliance.     None  other  genuine. 

BROOKS  APPLIANCE  CO.,  252  G  State  St.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


Ape  YOU  Old 
at40? 


A  very  common  cause  of  early 
old  age  is  the  disturbed  con- 
dition of  an  important  gland. 
Even  big  strong  men  are  not 
exempt  from  this  common 
and  serious  irregularitv.  Our 
plainly  written,  interesting  and  educational 

FREE  BOOK 

"Why  Many  Men  are  Old  at  Fortv  "  may  bring  a 
priceless  message  to  you.  It  tel.s  of  a  simple,  sen- 
8ib_3  way  by  which  thousands  have  corrected  this 
prostate  gland  condition.  It  tells  how  sciatica, back- 
aches, foot  pains,  interrupted  sleep,  mental  de- 
pression, etc.,  are  so  often  due  to  this  gland.  Sold 
for  over  five  years  upon  a  money-back-if  not-satis- 
ned  plan.  Do  not  confuse  it  with  massage,  medi- 
cation, violet  rays,  etc.  No  obligation. 
Write  for  your  copy  of  the  FKEE  BOOK  today. 


The  Electro  Thermal  Co. 

2815    Main  St.,  StenbenviUe,  Ohio 


Tnermala'ids 


SAVE  COAL 

INCREASE  COMFORT 

FLEXO  STORM— STRIPPING 

Keeps  the  heat  in — Keeps  the  cold  out 

Superior  to  wooden  and  metal  weather 
stripping.  Can  be  applied  in  a  few  min- 
utes with  hammer  and  tacks. 

Economical 

Flexible- — Durable — Waterproof 

Makes  everv  house  a  home.  Send  for 
FREE  SAMPLES,  descriptive  literature 
and  prices.     Carpenters  profit  100%. 

STUART  PLASTER=PAD  CO. 
no  Stuart  Bldg.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 


PILES  D0N'T  BE  cot 
Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
derful Treatment.  My  internal 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments, 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief. 

If  you   have  piles  in   any  form   write  for  a 
FREE   sample   of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and   vou 
will  bless  the  day   that   you   read   this.      Write 
today. 
E.R.PACE,322CPage  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


Carpenters 


USE 


PENCILS 

all  the  time 

Why   not   use   our 

ADVERTISING 
PENCILS? 

We  supply  high 
grade  pencils,  bear- 
ing our  LABEL  in 
colors,  three  styles, 
at   low   prices. 

Advertise  Our  LABEL 

by  Using  Our 

PENCILS 

Small,  round,  per  100  -  $3 
Small,     round,     with 

rubber  eraser,  per  100  -  $5 

Large,  round,  per  100  -  $4 

Order  Some 
TODAY 

Send  Money  with  Order 
to 

FRANK  DUFFY 

GENERAL  SECRETARY 

CARPENTERS'  BUILDING 

222  E.  Michigan  St. 
INDIANAPOLIS         IND. 


5c  brings  bigTelescope  3  ft. 

View  objects  miles  away  just  like  they  were  ciase.  Watch 
persons  at  a  distance  on  land  and  sea.    See  the  Sun, 
Moon  and  Stars  as  you  never  saw  them  before. r— 
Wonder  Telescope  opens  out  over  3  ft.  long; 
closed  measures  12  in.    Brass  bound,  fitted^ 
Can  be  used 


Useful  and 
Entertaining 


with  powerful  lenses, 
a  microscope, 


Special 

on  Wonder  Teles 
Telescopes  of  this 
size  have  sold 
for  S8.0( 
§10.00 — 


because 

of  a  fortunate 
rchase  of  a 
large  European  manu- 
facturer we  can  give  you  a 
ig  bargain.    Supply  limited — 
today.  Send  only  2oc  with  crder, 

and  we  will  ship   telescope    complete    by   parcel 
:,   on    arrival   deposit   $1.75   with   the    postman. 
faction  guaranteed  or  your  mone7  returned  in  full. 
you  prefer  send  Si. 55  with  order  in  full  payment. 

&  CO.,  6332  East  End  Ave.,  Dept.3012    ,  Chicago,  ffl. 


"I  trained  Won- 
der Telescope  on 
buttes   28  miles 
away,    they  looked 

be2  to  Smilesinstead" — 
A. Storey,  Ft.  Robinson, Neb. 
"I  count  windows  in  houEes  10 
miles  away"  —  Henry  Conner, 
Manor,  Tex.  "Can  see  children 
playing  in  school  yard  6  miles 
away"— P.  H.  Hennington,  Mc 
Dade,  Tex.  "Can  tell  exact  min- 
ute on  Court  House  clock  2  miles 
away"— Jennie  Beers,  Colum- 
bus, Ind.  "Don'tknow anything 
we  ever  enjoyed  so  much"  — 
Chas.  Hunter,  Neenah,  Wis. 
"Wouldn't  take  Sir,  for  it"  -W. 
A.  Eskridee  Ammond,  Ky. 
"Can  read  numbers  on  freight 
cars  a  mile  away"  —  A.  C. 
Palmer.  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


YOU'VE  ALWAYS  WANTED  A  TELESCOPE— NOW'S  YOUR  CHANCE 

Thinking  about  Christmas   Gifts? 
Why  not   g~t   him,   as  wdl   as  yourself,    a 

Taintor  Positive  Saw  Set  No.  7% 

(Our  newest   Saw-Set,  with  Double  Plunger.) 
Special  Christmas  offer,   until  Jan.   1,   1923. 

Our  Double  Plunger  Saw  Set  Xo.   7J   will  be  sent  by  Parcel  Post 
to  any  place  in  TJ.  S.  or  Canada  for  SI. 25   (Begular  Price:  $1.75). 
Send  us  SI. 25  and  we  will  do  the  rest. 
Our  Book:     "Care  of  Saws"  will  also  be  sent. 
Send  direct  to 


93   Reade  St. 


TAINTOR  MFG.  CO. 


The'RustlessRule 


RZCU-S-PATOFI 

Made  of  Luminoy.  a  special  alloy  of   Aluminum 

Here  is  THK  Rule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  have.  It  won't  rust 
weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  a  steel  rule,  yet  is  just  r.i 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  together  with  permment 
Ugioility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  u», 
for  printed  matter  and  prices. 


Lafayette  A 


THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 


Buffalo,   N.   Y. 


I 


RELIANCE 


R 


A  Fine  7-Jewel  Watch 


The  Reliance  is  a  lasting 
proof  of  success  in  applying 
Ingersoll  economy  methods 
in  the  fine  watch  field. 

Outwardly,  as  handsome  a 
watth  as  men  wish — tr>e  thinnest 
16-size,  7-j_*wel  watch  made  in 
America.  Inwardly,  as  pretty  a 
7-jewel  movement  as  any  man 
cculd  ask.  It  has  the  same  solid 
brid»?-construction  you  find  in  ex- 
pensive watches.  A  thorobred, 
and  looks  it. 

Ingersoll  Yankee  $150 

America's  most  reasonable,  reliable 
watch  is  the  best  known  time-piece  in 
the  world. 


s. 


i*ve  heard  your 
neighbor  praise  the  Path- 
finder, the  wonderful  illustrated 
news  and  story  paper  published  at 
Washington  for  people  everywhere.  This 
paper  is  the  Ford  of  the  publishing  world ;  has 
half  a  millicn  subscribers.  Chuck  full  of  just  the  kind  of  reading 
you  want.  Un -qualed  digest  of  the  world's  news.  Question  Box 
answers  you  questions.  Stunts  for  children;  realfun  for  all.  Excit- 
ing serial  story  starts  soon.  Send  15  cents  (coin  or  stamps)  today 
for  this  Kg  Jl  paper  13  -z-eel-s.  Y"u  will  be  more  trmn  pleased. 
PATHFINDER,  611  Langdon  Sta.,  WASHINGTON,  D.  C. 


1 


^TTT 


"We  furnish  eTerytning  —  bine 
print  plans — case  material,  tone 
arms,  motors,  full  instructions. 
You  can  easily  make  $100  to 
$200  a  month  in  spare  time. 
Even  boys  of  14  make  them. 
They  piny  any  record.  TTon- 
derful  tone — ecrual  to  any  you 
ever  Beard.  Sell  to  friends 
and  neighbors.  "Write  now 
for  free  blue  print  offer. 

Radio  Supplies 

Choraleon  Phonognnh  ScRadioCo 
I  122  4th   St.,   Elkhart,   Ind. 


Does  The  Job  in  a  Hurry 

THE    "IDEAL"   ELECTRIC 
FLOOR  SANDER 

THE  Ideal  is  a  marvel  for  simplic- 
ity, ease  of  operation,  low  cost 
of  maintenance  and  the  quantity 
and  quality  of  work  it  will  do  on  all 
grades  of  old  and  new  floors. 

The    materials     and    design 
are    the    best    the    art    of    me- 
chanics  can   devise  and 
the    finished    sander    is 
unequalled  for  long  and 
faithful  service. 
Write  for  complete  information 
on    the   "Ideal." 

BOETTCHER  CO. 

442    N.    Peoria   Street, 
Chicago,    III. 


irBXH  to  Radio 
rJtVLE    fens 


Illustrated  photo-diagrams 
and  prints,  with  complete 
working  drawings  and  instructions  for  as- 
sembling your  own  radio  receiving  set  from 
standard  parts.  MAKE  YOUR  OWN  RA- 
DIO SET  in  a  few  hours'  time.  So  simple 
that  ANY  12-YEAR-OLD  BOY  CAN  DO  IT. 
Write  today.  You  will  also  receive  our  lit- 
erature FREE,  describing  our  standard  ra- 
dio parts  which  we  sell  you  direct  from  the 
factory  at  BARGAIN  PRICES. 

/DeptA  1422  W.  Randolph  St 
\  10  /  Chicago,  liil. 


Metro  Electric  Co. 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  stick  or  guess  at  a  measurement. 

The  famous 

"Interlox"  Master  Slide  Rule 

ass 

gives'  both  inside  and  outside  measurements 
instantly. 

Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lost  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  Use  it 
once  and  you  will  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 
84 iC  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They'  have  stood  the 
'test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  0. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


IC&E 


MEASURING 
TAPES 

are  the  Best 
For  Sale  by  all  Hardware  Dealers 

KEUFFEL  &  ESSER  CO. 

NEW  YORK,  127  Fullon  SlrceL  Ccntnl  OWn  and  Factories,  H0B0KEN   M.I. 

CHICAGO  ST.  LOUIS         SAN  FRANCISCO  MONTREAL  ' 

Dranlnj  MalcrlaJ),  WaHicnolictl  uO  Sumjlnj  Instruments,  Maturing  Tapes 


THE    Wayveil   Char.pell   Automatic    Ball    Bearing   Elcctrlo 
Floor  Surfacing   Machine  is  what  you  need  to  (lnl3h  your 
new  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  want  thim. 

As  QUALITY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishing 
floors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  flats,  apart- 
ments, etc.,  all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away  with. 
It  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and 
steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
erates. 

Only  surfacing  machine  having  roll- 
er   sanding    even    with    base- 
board    from     either     side     of 
machine,     doing     away 
uneven  work  of  edge  roll- 
er attachment.  Four  sizes. 

Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
cept  our  free   trial   offer. 

(Machine  demon- 
strated also  at  our 
Hraneh  Office.  921 
Washington  Blvd., 
.■■hicago.) 
Man.  by  Wayvell 

Chappell   &  Co. 

J8    N.    Jackson    St. 

Dept.   A. 

Waukcgan,    III.  -—- .^pr-        p&t   1912-1918 

Who  Signs 

Your  Pay  Check? 

The  carpenter  waits  for  his — the  contrac- 
tor signs  his  own !  One  quick  road  from 
the  carpenter's  bench  to  the  contractor's 
chair  is  that  marked  out  by  the  experience 
of  others.  Here  are  two  handbooks,  just 
published,  which  will  give  you  the  records, 
the  experience,  the  methods  of  the  country's 
leading  contractors,  engineering  companies 
and  construction  engineers. 

Arthur's  NEW  BUILDING  ESTIMA- 
TORS' HANDBOOK  is  the  only  standard 
guide  on  builders'  time  and  cost  data.  Its 
companion  volume,  the  ADJUSTERS  AND 
APPRAISERS  HANDBOOK,  gives  the  con- 
tra tor  all  information  needed  in  making 
valuations  on  any  type  of  building  work. 

Special  Offer — You  Save  $1.50 

Tho  regular  price  of  these  two  boolu  is  $11.00.  By 
sending  in  your  order  for  both  copies  you  may  ob- 
tain them  at  the  special  combination  price  of  only 
$9.80.  (Single  copies  sold  at  regular  price.)  Send 
no  money,  simply  mail  the 

FREE  EXAMINATION  COUPON 

D.  P.  C.  Book  Co.,  Inc.     239  West  39  St  New  York 
Send    me    for    FREE    EXAMINATION    the 


I  them  or  remit  for  them  at  the  end  of  10  days. 
I  □  ESTIMATOR,  $6     □  APPRAISER,  $5. 
□  Both  Books,  Special  Price  $9.50 

Name   

'  Address    

I  Subscriber   to   Carpenter? 10-22 


Plumbing,  Heating  and  Pneumatii 
Waterworks  Supplies  at  Wholesale 


"When  in  the  mai 

Pneumatic  Water 


zov  P'::si:::,    Heatir.c:  and 
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Save  20  to  40%  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  house  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 

B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


Send  for  Catalog 


BY  USING 


REG.    U.   S.   PAT.   OFF. 

You  Win 

Increase  Your  Business 

in 

Roofing — Roof  Repairing 

— Sleeping  Porch 

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As  Soon  As  You  See  It 
A    Postal    Card    Will    Bring    You 

Sample   Book    "T" 

SEND   FOR  IT  TODAY 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    1 C :. ; 

DUANE   ST.    NEW    YORK     REa'de'sT, 
BRANCH    202-204    MARKET  ST.  ST.    LOUIS 


The  IMPROVED  Rapid  Floor  Surfacer 


will  surface  right  up  to  the 
wall  or  baseboard  without  the 
use  of  edge-roller. 

Just  the  machine  yon  mold 
wa:.'.  f-_r  il~\l  _:.£  a";  >ir  is 
c:  '.-;;_;  :.;--="  whether  -'' 
or  new.  Will'  smooih  down 
rapidly  and  eaiily  all 
icings    or    warped 


Midi  in  Several  Sizit 


Sc-d  for  Our  Free 
Trial  Offer 

M.  L.  Schlueter 

230  ittesi    lllinoil 
Street,  Ohietgo 


When 

You  Want 
The  Best 


Ask  for 

The     GRIFFITH     Master 
Builder  —  for    64    years 
known    as    the    GEEMAX- 
1QWN   Master   Builder.      If 


1  at  vour 
•the  Mas- 
of    Hammers 


you  cannot 

local  dealer 

ter    Builder    Catalo_ 

and  Hatchets. 

Griffith  Tool  Works 

PHILADELPHIA,  FA. 

Branch:  4139  W.  Kinzie  St.  CHICAGO 

LOOK  FOR  THIS  TRADE  MARK 
On  The  Tool 


.GRIFFITH  Z_ 

M ASTER !/ 
,BUilDER/= 

U.S.A.  / 


£ 


■^ 


INVENTED    BY    A    CARPENTER 

Morrill  Sawsets  have  been  the 
standard  for  almost  half  a  century, 
and  are  better  today  tEan  ever.  A 
Saw-set  for  every  Saw. 

New  York 


CHAS.  MORRILL 


AMERICAN    HANDY    SAW    TABLE 

y2  H.  P.  Motor  operates  it;  or  14  H.  P.  for  light 
work.  Furnished  also  with  countershaft  for  belt  drive. 
Saws  up  to  2"  thick  once  through. 

Steel  table  20"x26",  36"  high,  saw  8"  Dla.  May  be 
raised  or  lowered  for  dado  work,  ripping,  cut-off  and 
mitre  gauges,  saw  guards  and  splitter.  Weight,  crated 
220  lbs. 

Price  Without  Motor  $60.00 

Ask  for  descriptive  bulletin  of  this  and  other  ma- 
chines for  the  carpenter  and  builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Co. 

136  Main  St.,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

50  Church  St.,  New  York — The  Bourse,  Philadelphia. 


A  MODERN  AND  BETTER 
WEATHERSTRIP 

Sager  Metal  Interlocking  Weath- 
erstrip has  stood  the  test  where 
others  have  failed  and  is  growing 
more  popular  every  day. 

Contractors  and 
builders  will  find 
Sager  Metal  Weath- 
1 1  erstrip  the  best  side 
line  in  the  building 
business.  The  sell- 
jig  and  installing  of 
this  product  will 
keep  you  busy  and 
bring  an  increase  in 
p  r  o  fi  t  s  that  will 
please. 

SOME  GOOD 

TERRITORY 

OPEN  FOR 

LIVE  AGENTS 

Sager  Metal 
Weatherstrip    Co. 

164    W.    Austin 
Ave.,   Chicago. 


TAINTOR 

Framing 

Tool.    A 

Time  Saver 

Dne  setting  of  tool  gives 
plumb.  horizontal  and 
mitre  cuts  as  well  as 
gain  per  foot  of  run  for 
any  pitch.  Another  set- 
ling  gives  backing  for  hip 
rafters.  Folds  to  fit  tool 
box.  Weight  21  oz. 
(Fig.    Shows   Tool 

Closed.) 

SPECIAL 
Introductory 

Price   and 

Xmas  Offer 

Good   Until 
Jan.   1st,   1923. 

Price  $3.25 

Postage  Paid 
in  U.  S.  and  Canada 

An  Ideal  Xmas 
Gift 

(Regular    Price    $4.00) 
Send  For  Descriptive 

Circular  and 

Framing  Tool 

Direct  To 

TAINTOR   AND 

COMPANY 

660  Madison  Ave., 

Elizabeth,  N.  J. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 

This  gauge  is  a  duplex  mortise 
gauge.  It  will  place  and  space  the 
lock  and  strike- plate  in  proper  po- 
sition to  each  other. 

Gauge  with  cutters  rigidly  af- 
fixed to  the  bars — Price — $2.00. 

Same  gauge  with  the  improved 
adjustable   cutters— Price — $2.25. 

If  dealer  can  not  supply  you. 
Send  Money  Order.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured    by 

M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian   St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  158 


Laying  out  mortise  for  strike- 
plate. 


LOS  ANGELES, 


Laying  out  mortise  for  lock. 


CAL. 


INSTALL 

METAL 
WEATHER  STRIP 

AND     BE     YOUR     OWN     BOSS 

"A   Better  Strip   at  a  Lower   Price " 
Write  to  Day  and  become  our  agent  in  your  territory. 

TITE  METAL  WEATHER  STRIP  CO. 

6054   South   Tripp  Ave.  Chicago,    III. 


THE 

EXPERT'S 
CHOICE 
FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  of  your  time,  by 
over  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
on  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says:       "The   Expert's 
Choice  File  fllea  18  hand  saws  and  Is  cheaper  at 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert's  Choice  does  not  prove 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  you  have  ever  used.     DELTA 
SAW  FILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 
extra  hard   saw.      Buy    your    tools    of    the    dealer    who   sells 
Delta  Files.      He  Is  the  quality  man. 

Trial  Offer  *r  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you,  send  us  20c. 
inui  w»w  25c  or  30c  for  trial  file,  sent  prepaid.  Do 
thb  today — Bed  out  what  a  real  Sle  u 


THE    UBA    DOES    IT 

A  REAL  LEVEL  AND  PLUMB 


'THE  HIGHEST  GRADE  FILE  MA&E^L, 
DELTA  "HAN  D    SAW"  FILEsM 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL' 


MECHANICS    FAVORITE' 


EXPERTS  CHOICE  r*      "Sv* 

'  00ES  TWICE  THE  WDHK  IN  H4LF  THE  TIME    |^""j 

Thf  File  You  WillEventuallV  Use  "^K 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 
Hardware 
Store 


Tit  bul  Augtr  BH  Fib  nidi —  We  will  dtUrv  eo  rtuipl  a/  30  tali  i 


ioo%  Adjustable. 

The     Greatest    Of    All 


No  Holes  to  Cut 

Straight-Edge    Levels 

Combining  The 
Good  Features 
Of  All  Other 
Straight-Edge 
Levels  With  Bet- 
ter Ones  Added. 

A    Four    Way    Level 

Without  Removing 
Plate  For  Leveling, 
Plumbing.  Grades 
And  Pitches. 

A     real     level     and 

plumb  for  setting 
door  jambs. 

Indorsed  By  Leading 
Mechanics  And 
Builders. 

Large,  Quick-acting 
bulbs  Absolutely 
True,  and  Guaran- 
teed Rust  Proof.  No 
Need  Of  An  Ordinary 
Level  When  A  UBA 
Is  Carried  In  The 
Tool   Kit. 

«    All    Leading 
hardware  Dealers  Or 
"f-nt    Direct.      MEN- 
Size  aix4  TI0N   DEALER. 

Price  $1.25  in  the  U.  S.  and  Canada 
THE  UNION  LEVEL  M'F'G  CO. 

1979    W.    Ill    th   Street  CHICAGO,    ILL. 

Branch    Office:     Walkerville,    Ontario,    Canada 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World  Over 

Established  1790 

QUALITY  GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 


SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Selling  Agents: 

JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO., 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO. 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


w 


.1  i 


Profits  for  the  winter 
months 

YOU'LL  welcome  an  opportunity  to  keep 
something  "coming  in"  instead  of  "all  going 
out"  during  the  winter.  There's  an  easy  way  to 
doit. 


is  the  answer.  There  are  hundreds  of  useful  home 
things  that  can  be  made  with  Cornell.  You  can 
make  them;  and  do  a  better,  neater  job.  There's 
surprisingly  little  cost;  and  prices  that  show 
good  profits.  Sell  them  yourself  or  through 
local  stores. 

In  addition  the  winter  is  a  good  time  for  hun- 
dreds of  repairing  jobs:— walls,  ceilings,  parti- 
tions, shelves,  cabinets;  in  house,  barn,  and 
garage.  Get  some  of  these  jobs. 

You  know  Cornell,  the  all-wood  board.  It's 
triple-sized  to  resist  heat,  cold,  and  moisture; 
mill-primed,  ready  for  paint;  or  the  oatmeal -finish 
looks  well  without  paint. 

For  a  lot  of  money-making  ideas,  write 
for  a  copy  of  our  booklet,  "165  Uses 
for  Cornell-Wood-Board."  No  charge. 

CORNELL   WOOD    PRODUCTS   COMPANY 

Qeneral  Offices:  190  North  State  Street,  Chicago 
Mills,  Cornell,  Wisconsin 


I  ■ 


SILVER 
STEEL 


HAND,  RIP  AND  PANEL  SAWS, 
STRAIGHT  OR  SKEW  BACK, 
WIDE  OR  SHIP  POINT,  IM- 
PROVED PERFECTION  OR 
OLD  STYLE  HANDLES. 

Atkins  supplies  a  wide  range  of  pop- 
ular patterns  like  the  above,  and  for 
that  reason, 

Atkins  £3  Saws 

are  becoming  very  popular  among 
carpenters,  farmers,  mechanics  and 
the  home  saw  user. 
You  will  find  illustrated,  straight  and 
skew  back  saws  fitted  with  both  the 
new  Perfection  and  the  old  style 
handles.  The  No.  72  Saw  is  a  Ship 
Point  saw. 

Give  Atkins  Saws  a  trial  and  it  will 
not  be  long  until  you  will  be  con- 
vinced that  they  are, 

"The  Finest  On  Earth" 


Send  25c  for  carpenter 
apron,  pencil  and  Saw 
Sense  Booklet. 


E.C.ATKINS  &  CO. 

ESTABLISHED  1857         THE  SILVER  STEEL  SAW  PEOPLE 

Home  Office  and  Factory.  INDIANAPOLIS.  IN  DIANA 

CantLdi&nFactoiy.H&miUon  Ontario 
Ma.chii\e  Krdfc  Factoiy.  LcuvcuMer  N.Y« 
Branches  Qerryirg  Complete  StochatnThe  Following  CltH*    ■ 

Atlanta  NewOrle&iv*  So&tllo 

Memphis  New  York  City        Pari*.  Frwvo« 

Chicago  Portltuvd.Ore.        Svd«\e(y.N.  »«W. 


Minneapolis 


Portltvnd.Ore. 

Sar\Fr«u\oiaco 


/eoxsouver,  B.C 


"Just  What 
I  Wanted 

That  is  what  hundre 
of  carpenters  have 
of  the  48-page  Sheetrocl 
Time  Book.   Have  yo\ 
received  a  copy  of 
valuable  book?   It  is 
ing  distributed  free  w 
the  limited  supply  lasl 
Just  fill  in  and  mail 
the  attached  coupon.  I 
it  today! 

Sheetvock  comes  in  standard 
sizes— %  in.  thick,  32  or  48 
in.  wide  and  6  to  10  ft.  long 

Beg.  V.  S.  Pat  < 


^aLfiO  A  R  D 


UNITED    STATES    GYPSUM    COMPANY 

World's  Largest  Producers  of  Gyosum  Products 
GENERAL  OFFICES:  Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  Street,  Chicago,  111. 

COUPON 


United  States  Gypsum  Comoany 
Dept.  I,  205  West  Monroe  St.,  Chicago,  Ill- 
Send  my  SHEETROCK  Time  Book  to- 

(Name) 


(Complete  Address). 


Sheetrock  is  inspected  and  approved  by  The  Underwriters'  Laboratories,  Inc. 


542 


MILLERS  FALL5 

TOOLS 


The  Better  the  Tools 
the  Better  the  Work 

MILLERS    Falls   Bits   and   Augers    are 
good    tools.      Thousands    of    carpen- 
ters  and   mechanics   use   them   and 
recommend  them. 

Millers  Falls  Bits  and  Augers  are  made  in 
all  lengths  of  twist,  both  single  twist  and 
solid  center.  They  provide  a  complete  line 
which  meets  all  wood  boring  conditions. 
Well  proportioned  lips  and  spurs,  accurate- 
ly formed  heads,  keen  cutting  edges,  and 
deep,  clean-cut  screws  characterize  these 
Millers  Falls  bits. 

No.  531    (Ford)   Auger  Bit 

(Illustrated  at  left) 

Here  are  some  of  its  advantages : 


Bores  with  loss  fric- 
tion  than   most. 
Wide     throat     and 
deep    center   prevent 
clogging. 

Bores  equally  well 
in  all  kinds  of  wood 
— wet  or  dry. 


4.  Cuts  out  with  little 
splintering. 

5.  Easier  to  sharpen. 

6.  Bores  faster  than 
the  regular  double- 
lip  bits. 


MILLERS  FALLS  COMPANY 

MILLERS  FALLS,  MASS. 


Manufacturers  of 
Carpenters'  T  o  o  1  s, 

Hack  Saws  ami  Au- 
tomobile Tools. 


■ 


Self- Calculating 
Squares 

You  don't  have  to  be  a  mathe- 
matician to  use  the  Sargent  Fram- 
ing Square.  Complete  tables  of 
measurements  are  plainly  stamped 
on  it.  Even  the  most  inexperi- 
enced carpenter  can  use  it  with 
speed  and  depend  upon  its  ac- 
curacy. 

SARGENT 

Framing  Squares 

Require  no  time-wasting  figur- 
ing for  the  lengths  and  cuts  of 
common,  hip,  valley,  jack  or  crip- 
ple rafters.  Just  measure  and 
read.  Results  are  correct  and  final. 
Sargent  Squares  are  made  of  se- 
lected steel  in  five  dependable  fin- 
ishes. 

Write    today    for    the    Steel 

Square  Booklet  which  gives 

full  particulars. 

SARGENT  &  COMPANY 

Manufacturers 
55  Water  Street  New  Haven,  Conn. 


S  A  R  GENT 


AND       ~  H  "  A    h    P    W    A  '  R    E'.^_ 


Diamond 


Men  -wno  ]$now  iacfon/ 
costs  appreciate  th<P 
e^tra  service  Blacl^ 
Diamond  liles  ^ive. 
line  quality  steel- 
correcthj  tempered- 
$ive  them  tfeeir  lone? 
lived  effieienciT.c/ 


■#■ 


G.SH.RAr\NETT£ 

107B  n\ANKK>Hp  AVXNUt 
PHIlAPEI/PHIA,m.,U.S.A. 


Owned  ana*  Operated  by 

Nicholson  File  company 

PROVIDENCE  RHODE  ISLAND 


/  Want  Every  Ambitious 

Carpenter  (0Jr°ZZ:Z) 

these    Two  Books 
Print  Plans 


Here  are  two  books  which  tell  how  any  man 
"at  the  bench"  can  get  the  knowledge  he  must 
have  to  become  a  foreman,  superintendent  or 
contractor.  They  also  show  the  small  contrac- 
tor how  to  get  the  additional  information  he 
needs  to  handle  big  jobs. 

One  of  these  books  explains  how  to  use  your 
spare  hoars  to  make  your  services  worth  more 
to  employers  or  clients  ;  the  other  is  a  complete 
practical  lesson  in  Plan  Heading  which  shows 
how  easily  you  can  master  the  higher  branches 
of  building  by  borne  study.  With  the  lesson  is 
included  blue  print  plans  of  a  6  room  Bungalow. 


them  FREE 


Don't  send  me  a  penny.  Just  fill  out  and  mail  the  coupon  and  I  will  send  these  books,  blue 
prints  and  drawings.  It  will  cost  you  nothing  to  learn  how  some  men  get  the  fat  pay  envelope 
of  the  "boss"  while  others  draw  just  their  daily  wage  ;  and  how  some  men  get  into  profitable 

businesses  of  their  own  while  others  jog  along  as  workmen. 


Bi 


ance  Has   Arrived 


The  building  boom  is  on.  Eight  now  there's 
a  tremendous  demand  for  trained  men.  A 
building  expert  can  name  his  own  price. 
Never    in    years    such    a    need   for    brains    in 


the  building  business  —  never  before  such 
opportunities  for  men  who  know  how  to 
read  plans,  make  estimates,  and  direct  build- 
ing operations. 


Pay  Raising  Training  Easily  and  Quickly 

Obtained  by  Mail  Under  Chicago  "Tech"  Experts 


For  twenty  years  we  have  been  training  men  for  bis 
pay  in  the  building  business,  and  the  same  instruc- 
tion which  has  put  our  graduates  at  the  top  you  can 
get  my  mail  in  spare  time. 

Plan  Reading,  Estimating,  Superintending,  all  made 
clear  by  easily  understood  lessons,  prepared  by  prac- 
tical men.  Personal  instruction  by  mail  in  your 
spare  time  which  soon  makes  you  an  expert.  Get  all 
this  while  you  keep  on  at  your  present  job.  Become 
the  man  who  can  read  a  set  of  plans,  figure  out  what 
the  work  will  cost  and  then  superintend  the  job. 
When  you  can  do  that,  you  are  through  with  tools— 
you  will  work  with  your  head. 

Send  the  Coupon 

Marx  X  opposite  the  course  which  interests 
you,  sign  and  mail  the  coupon.  It  may  lead 
to  big  business  for  you.     Do  it  now. 


Why  be  satisfied  to  be  a  "good  workman"  or  to  jus'  "get 
by"  as  a  small  contractor  when  by  learning  more  you  can 
make  more?  At  least  let  me  send  yuu  the  two  books  and 
information  about  the  pay  raising  courses. 


CI  icago  Technical  College, 

1239  Chicago  Tech.  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 

Without    cost    or   obligation    on    me   please   send    instructive 
t inn.    blue    prints,    drawings    and    Free    Trial    Leasoa 
on  subject  marked  below. 

□  Builders'   Course 

Plan    Heading.    Estim.'.ling.    Superintending,    Eta. 

□  Architectural   Drafting 

How   to   Make  Flans. 

Name     .„,._ 

Address 

city  _ state . 


10  Reasons 

why  YOU  should  wear  them! 


I  Made  of  good  heavy  qual- 
-*-  ity  drill  with  a  heavy  sail 
duck  swinging  nail  pouch— 
which  prevents  nails  from 
cutting  through. 

O  Special  safety  watch  pock- 
^  et  conveniently  located. 

Q  Nail  punch  pocket  where 
*^  you  can  find  it. 

A  Nail  pouch  divided  for  4 
^*"  sizes  of  nails. 

C  Roomy-cut  front  pockets. 


£J  Widelegsandroomyseat. 
^  Full  cut  throughout;  dou- 
ble knee. 

H  Rule  pocket  with  slant 
*   top  and  deep  enough  for 
new  style  rule. 
Q  Extra  wide  double  sus- 
°  penders. 

Q)  High-back  style,  1-piece 
*^  protecting  practically  the 
entire  back. 

1  A  Two  hammer  loops 
±^J  which  keep  hammer 
from  swinging. 

"BOSS"  Carpenter  Overalls  are  recognized  as  the 
leading  Carpenter  Overalls  on  the  Pacific  Coast 
by  the  thousands  of  carpenters  who  wear  them. 

If  your  merchant  doesn't  carry  them— get  him  to 
order  you  a  pair,  or  write  us  direct  and  we  will 
send  them  to  him.  If  you  don't  like  them  they 
won't  cost  you  a  cent. 

COHN-GOLDWATER  CO. 

(MAKERS) 

LOS  ANGELES 


WEAVERS  ADJUSTABLE  FRAMING  TEMPLATE 


C/      Weaver's  Adjustable  Framing  Template      \\ 


«  N 

X 

• 

\ 

\ 

■      t 

\     .. 

? 

in 

' 

K7 

/ 

£ 

. 

• 

• 

" 

$ 

Learn  how  to  frame  the  most  difficult  roof  on 
the  trestles.  No  rule  or  square  needed.  Posi- 
tively correct.  Adjustable  to  any  pitch  or  cut. 
Changed  from  one  pitch  to  another  in  one  minute. 
Marked  so  you  cannot  make  mistakes. 

Invaluable  to  the  man  who  does  not  fully  un- 
derstand roof  construction  and  means  more  ef- 
ficiency for  the  man  who  does. 

Made  of  aluminum.  Weight  11-3  lbs.  Closed 
25  1-2  in.  Extended  4  1-2  in.  You  run  no  risk, 
money  back  if  not  satisfied. 

Price  post  paid  to  any  part  of  U.  S. 
or  Canada,  $5.00. 

I  am  using  this  tool  and  I  can  recommend  it 
as  being  exactly  as  represented  also  can  recom- 
mend the  manufacturer  to  do  as  he  agrees  to 
do  in  all  transactions.  WM,  A.  BRIEN, 

Financial  Secretary  of  Carpenter  Local  No.  1808. 


Address  J,  D.  WEAVER,  MFR. 

WOOD  RIVER,   ILL. 


Drafting  Course  Free 

Write  to  me  for  this  offer  I  am  now  making  to  every  one  of  my  students.    I  do 
exactly  as  I  tell  you — give  you  an  opportunity  to  get  an  $80  drafting  course  free. 

Drawing  Outfit  Free 

/  am  also  offering  to  each  student  a  complete  drawing  outfit 
which  I  believe  cannot  be  purchased  any  place  for  less  than  $25, 

A  Special  Ivorine  Pocket  Rule  FREE! 

for  sending  copy  o£  drawing  shown  at  left  hand  side 

COPY  this  drawing  today  and  send  it  to  me,  giving  me  your  age. 
There  are  no  conditions  requiring  you  to  buy  anything.  So,  if 
you  are  interested  in  drawing,  send  in  your  sketch  right  away. 
I  will  give  you  free,  just  for  sending  a  copy  of  this  drawing,  a  6-inch 
Ivorine  Pocket  rule  and  a  6x9  book  on"Successful  Draftsmanship." 

Chief  Draftsman  Dobe,  of  the  Engineers'  Equipment  Company,  is  making 
this  offer  to  interest  ambitious  men  who  would  like  to  better  themselves  at  big- 
ger sala-ies,  doing  work  whicn  brings  big  pay  and  at  the  same  time  leading  to 
greater  advancement.  There  will  be  thousands  of  positions  open  this  year ^pay- 
ing from  $3,000  to  $3,600  a  year.  The  great  building  boom  all  over  the  codftry 
is  causing  this  great  demand,  and  industrial  activity  in  the  mechanical  line 
makes  it  worth  your  while  to  give  this  opportunity  your  immediate  attention. 


v  \3 


$25&  to  s300  a  Month 

Positions  paying  $250  to  $300  per  month,  which  ought  to  be  filled  by  skilled  draftsmen 
are  vacant  everywhere.  There  are  in  every  part  of  this  country  ambitious  men,  who 
with  practical  training  and  personal  assistance,  will  be  qualified  to  fill  these  positions. 


Copy  this  sketch 


Mr.  Dobe  is  very  much  interested  in  finding  these 
men  and  calling  to  their  attention  the  great  future  in 
draftsmanship — how  when  a  man  enters  into  this  pro- 
fession, he  is  in  an  uncrowded  field  and  how  with 
surprisingly  little  effort  he  may  rise  to  the  salary  of 
from  $3,000  to  $3,600  a  year. 

Ambitious  boys  and  men,  between  the  ages  of  16  and 
50,  are  wanted  by  great  business  concerns,  and  the 
man  who  is  ready  when  opportunity  calls  him,  gets 
the  high  grade  positions  and  highest  pay. 

No  man  can  hope  to  share  a  part  in  the  great  coming 
prosperity  in  manufacturing  and  building,  unless  he 
is  properly  trained  and  able  to  do  first  class,  practical 
work  and  is  ready  when  he  is  called. 


.—this  $25 

Draftsman's  Working  Outfit 

These  are  regular  working  instruments,  the  kind  I  use 
myself.  I  give  them  free  to  you  if  you  enroll  at  once. 
Don't  delay.    Send  for  full  information  TODA  Y! 


Mr.  Dobe  knows  now  is  the  time  to  get  ready  and 
he  knows  that  few  men  realize  this  so  well  as  he.  So 
in  order  to  interest  men  everywhere  he  wants  to  see 
if  your  copy  of  the  drawing  shown  above  indicates 
you  might  have  drafting  ability. 

If  then,  Dobe  believes  that  you  do  possess  this 
ability  he  will  tell  you  how  he  will  train  you  person- 
ally. This  training  is  given  by  mail  and  he  guarantees 
to  train  a  limited  number  of  students  under  this  agree- 
ment to  give  practical  drafting  room  training  UN  TIL 
placed  in  a  permanent  position  at  a  salary  of  §250 
to  $300  per  month. 

To  any  student  that  Mr.  Dobe  accepts  for  his  per- 
sonal training,  he  will  furnish  a  complete  drafts- 
man's working  outfit  absolutely  free.  This  outfit  con- 
sists of  all  instruments  and  tools  required  by  any  first 
class  draftsman,  and  Mr.  Dobe  believes  it  cannot  be 
duplicated  for  less  than  $25. 

Considering  that  Mr.  Dobe  selects  and  limits  the 
number  of  students  for  training,  it  is  very  important 
that  you  act  promptly  and  send  in  your  reply  either 
with  your  sketch  or  without  a  sketch  at  once,  asking 
for  full  particulars. 

He  will  send  you  at  once  a  free  book  entitled  "Success- 
ful Draftsmanship"  in  addition  to  all  other  informa- 
tion, telling  you  how  you  may  learn  drafting  at  home. 

Mail  Your  Draw- 
ifig  At  Once—' 

and  Get  Ivorine  Pocket  Ruler 
Absolutely  FREE! 

Ambitious  men,  interested  in  drafting,  hurry !  Don't 
wait!  This  is  your  opportunity  in  this  great  profes- 
sion. Accept  this  offer  which  Mr.  Dobe  makes.  Send 
in  your  sketch  or  request  for  FREE  Book  and  Ivorine 
Pocket  Rule.  Address : 


Chief  Draftsman,  Engineers'  Equipment  Co.,  4001  Broadway,  Div.  531 9.  Chicago,  ni. 


Who  knows  best  how  a  tool  should  be  made? 
The  man  who  uses  it,  every  time! 

143  tef)  carpenters  say: 


THE  face  of  the  Plumb  nail 
hammer  is  lYsa  across  and  7/i6n 
deep,  to  throw  more  weight  into 
the  face  and  to  give  a  larger  strik- 
ing surface. 

This  refinement  of  design — sug- 
gested by  carpenters— gives  a  better 
balanced,  easier- working  tool,  in  the 
judgment  of  143  out  of  the  161 
good  carpenters  who  were  asked 
to  find  fault  with  the  hammer — if 
possible. 


"I  like  the  large  face,  as  it  is  easy  to 
strike  the  nail  on  the  head.  The 
bend  in  the  claws  is  a  long  felt  want, 
too,  as  we  break  many  handles  trying 
to  pull  the  nail  further  out.  I  cannot 
say  too  much  for  the  Plumb  hammer, 
as  I  never  use  anything  else  unless 
some  of  the  boys  pick  up  my  hammer, 
writes  J.  R.  Mason,  Bessemer  City,N.C. 


Plumb  saw  files  are  as  good  as 
Plumb  hammers.  And  you  all 
know  Plumb  hatchets — "They're 
worth  more."  Ask  your  dealer  for 
them.  Plumb  hammer  $1.50  (ex- 
cept in  Far  West  and  in  Canada). 

The  Plumb  Patent  Take-up 
Wedge  retightens  the  handle  with 
a  turn  of  the  screw. 

FAYETTE  R.  PLUMB,  Inc. 
Philadelphia       U.S. A.        St.  Louia 


•  •  The  Plumb  nail  hammer 
offers  a  real  advantage 
in  its  larger  striking  face.  ?  9 


Actual 


Hammers  Hatchets 
Fifes  Sledges  Axes 


"A  'YANKEE'  is  the  only 
drill  that  can  handle 
that  job" 

"That's  what  I  say  a  dozen  times  a  week ! 
With  my  'Yankee'  Ratchet  Breast  Drill  I  don't 
have  to  worry  about  the  size  of  the  working 
space.  If  I  have  only  room  enough  to  turn  the 
crank  hack  and  forth — even  an  inch — the  drill 
will  cut  continuously  when  set  on  the  DOUBLE 
Ratchet. 

"It  takes  a  'Yankee'  Drill  to  handle  jobs  in 
tight  quarters.  It's  the  only  drill  with  the 
'Yankee'  Ratchet." 

By  a  touch  of  the  finger  on  the  ratchet  shifter 
on  cylinder  between  the  two  central  gears,  (see 
illustration)  you  can  change  instantly  to  Plain 
Drill,  Left-hand  Drill,  Right-hand  Drill,  DOUBLE 
Ratchet  and  in  fifth  position,  gears  are  locked  for 
changing  drills. 

Speed  is  instantly  changed,  without  removing 
drill  from  the  work,  by  shifting  the  little  lever 
at  the  base  of  the  hub. 


No.  1555  (illustrated)  has  three-jaw  chuck  for 
holding  round  shank  drills  up  to  %  in. ;  adjust- 
able ball  bearings;  17  in.  long;  two  speed. 

No.  1550 — Same  as  above  except  that  it  has 
single  speed. 

No.  555 — Same  as  No.  1555  except  that  it  has 
two-jaw  chuck  instead  of  three-jaw. 

Dealers  everywhere  sell    'Yankee"  Tools 


Some  other  "Yankee"  Tools 

Automatic  Push   Drills 

Ratchet  Screw-drivers 

Quick  Return    Spiral   Screw-drivers 

Spiral   Screw-drivers 

Plain     Screw-drivers,    1J    to    30    in. 

blades 
Ratchet  Hand  Drills 
Push  Braces 


This  interesting  book  FREE 

Contains  numerous  illustrations. 
Many  of  them  show  how  to  do 
difficult  jobs.  "Yankee"  Tools 
of  interest  to  wood  workers  pic- 
tured and  described.  Write  to- 
day for  this  book. 


6t 


North  Bros.  Mfg.  Co.,   Philadelphia 

YANKEE-TOOLS 


Give  Your  Saw  Good  Care 
And  It  Will  Give  Good  Work 


NO  saw,  not  even  the  best, 
can  do  the  right  kind  of 
work  unless  it  is  prop- 
erly filed  and  set. 

The  setting  of  saws  by  hand 
requires  years  of  practice.  To 
insure  that  Disston  Saws  are 
properly  reset,  so  as  to  give 
continued  satisfaction  to 
their  owners,  we  invented 
and  perfected  the  Triumph 
Saw-Set.  This  saw-set  has 
two  plungers,  one  holding  the 
saw-set  securely  in  position 
against  the  saw,  while  the 
other  sets  the  teeth.  With 
this  saw-set  results  can  be  se- 
cured practically  equal  to  the 
hand  setting   given   Disston 


Saws  by  experts  at  the  Diss- 
ton factory. 

The  D-3  Filing  Guide  insures 
uniformity  of  filing  through- 
out the  saw.  It  makes  it  pos- 
sible for  the  inexperienced 
man  to  sharpen  a  saw  cor- 
rectly. Using  a  53-  inch  Diss- 
ton slim  taper  file  with  this 
filing  guide  gives  the  best 
results. 

A  complete,  illustrated  des- 
cription of  the  proper  meth- 
ods of  filing  and  setting  saws 
is  contained  in  the  Disston 
Saw,  Tool,  and  File  Book. 
Write  to  Desk  I  for  your 
free  copy. 


Henry  Disston  &  Sons,  Inc. 
Philadelphia,  U.  S.  A. 


ISST 


Entered  July  22, 1 91 5,  at  INDIANAPOLIS,  IND.,  as  second  class  mail  matter,  under  Act  of  Congress,  Aug.  24, 1 81 2 

Acceptance  for  mailing  at  special  rate  of  oostase  provided  for  in   Section  1103,  act  of 
October  3.  1917.  authorized  on  July  8.  1918. 

A  Monthly  Journal  for  Carpenters.  Stair  Builders,  Machine  Wood  Workers,  Planing  Mill  Men,  and 

Kindred  Industries.     Owned  and  Published  by  the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters 

and  Joiners  of  Amerira.  at 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  East  Michigan  Street,  Indianapolis,  Indiana 


Established  in   1881 
To!.  XLII— No.  12 


INDIANAPOLIS,  DECEMBER,   1922 


One  Dollar  Per  Tear 
Ten   Cents  a  Copy 


'4 


I 


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mma& 
I 


The  Way  To  Win 

Life  is  just  a  game  to  play; 

Play  it! 
When  you  have  a  thing  to  say; 

Say  it! 
Do  not  stammer  "if"  or  "but." 
Courage  takes  the  shortest  cut. 
When  your  task  is  hard  to  do ; 
Grit  your  teeth  and  see  it  through ! 

Life  is  just  a  prize  to  get; 

Get  it! 
If  the  stage  is  not  well  set; 

Set  it! 
Men  of  mettle  seldom  find, 
What  they're  looking  for  behind. 
Fate  is  passing  down  the  street; 
Follow  him  with  nimble  feet! 

— Anon. 


i 


wmmmmmm*  ...<♦>-  .,♦:♦>-:  >:♦>••:<♦>':  •:♦>-  •:♦>*■  <«••:♦>  :<♦>"  ;^e^  ::«k<  :*&  :♦:♦>:  s» 


10 


THE    CARPEITEB 


ART  OF  INLAY 

(By  Harry  W.  Poor.) 


HESE  are  not  oil  paintings. 
However  remarkable  as  it 
may  seem,  each  detail  of 
line,  fabric  suggestion, 
highlight  or  shadow,  yes, 
even  to  facial  character- 
istics is  formed  by  small  pieces  of  rare 
woods,  selected  with  esquisite  care  from 
nature's  own  formations  of  knots,  pores 
and  sap  canals. 

The  artist,  Mr.  E.  C.  Larrabee,  Jr.,  of 
Forrester  Street,  Salem,  Mass.,  has  for 
many  years  pursued  this  art  of  inlay 
with  a  delicate  fret  saw,  as  a  sort  of 


relies  upon  selecting  just  the  right 
grained  and  colored  wood  to  serve  his 
purpose.  For  instance,  it  would  take  a 
long  time  to  find  just  the  right  shading 
and  grain,  to  represent  an  apron  and  its 
drapery  lines,  as  shown  in  the  group 
picture. 

The  various  woods  are  prepared  in 
sheets  1-16  in.  in  thickness  and  for  the 
pictures,  which  average  in  size  11  by 
14  inches,  a  pattern  is  drawn  in  details, 
which  are  sawed  on  a  bevel  from  the 
various  woods  desired.  When  gradually 
assembled  like  a  puzzle,  the  interlocking 


Desert  After  Sand  Storm 


hobby,  constructing  pictures  from  a  sup- 
ply of  woods  of  infinite  variety  accum- 
ulated over  a  period  of  forty  years,  from 
all  corners  of  the  globe,  through  the 
friendship  of  many  an  old  sea  captain 
and  tourist. 

In  rendering  these  fine  details  no  re- 
touching is  done  with  any  foreign  pig- 
ment whatsoever.     Rather  Mr.  Larrabee 


pieces  are  glued  to  an  oak  base,  polished 
and  framed  under  glass,  assuming  the 
indescribable  richness  of  an  oil  painting 
and  requiring  not  only  mechanical  skill, 
but  a  most  artistic  conception  of  outline, 
shade  and  color  combinations,  to  say 
nothing  of  the  extreme  patience,  thought 
and  planning  necessary. 

This     picture    mounted    on     a     p?.nel 


THE    CARPENTER 


11 


without  glass  presents  the  richness  of 
an  oil  color  and  is  often  mistaken  for 
one. 

The  cloud  effect  in  the  background  is 
of  course,  heightened  by  the  grain.  Sky, 
red  and  gray  sand  and  rocks  are  inlaid 
in  Zebra  wood  from  Stanley  Falls, 
Africa  and  tortoise  shell  wood  from  a 
forest  on  the  t^mazon  River. 

Camels  are  burl  French  walnut  from 
France. 


Saddle  pommels  are  rod  and  yellow 
African  canwood  and  Che  well  known 
lingumvitae.  The  recumbent  camel 
alone    contains    7.~.o    separate    bits    of 

wood,  (">()  of  these  are  in  the  saddle 

The  artist  was  inspired  to  do  this  pic- 
ture from  an  admiration  of  the  charac- 
ters. The  picture  contains  nearly  a 
thousand  pieces  of  wood  with  the  addi- 
tional varieties  perhaps,  of  persimmon 
from  Alabama,  holly  from  England,  the 
well  known  white  oak  and  rich  red  ma- 


Gabriel  and   Evangeline 


Saddle  cords  are  bright  golden  vag- 
natico  wood  from  Persia. 

Arab  figure  and  trappins  in  ebony, 
tulip  and  satin  wood  from  Africa,  Cay- 
enne and  Arabia  respectively,  also  impeo 
wood  and  burnose  garnet  from  Phil- 
ippine Island  jungles. 


Arab    headgear    and    sashes    are 
satin  and  tulip  wood  from  Turkey. 


red 


Water  bag  on  recumbent  camel  is  zin- 
cotta  and  leopard  wood  from  Cuba  and 
India. 


hogany.  The  smaller  picture  over  the 
fireplace  is  taken  from  a  portion  of  a 
knot.  The  floor  boards  are  of  double 
significance,  having  been  taken  from 
parts  of  the  timbers  of  the  House  of  the 
Seven  Gabies  in  Salem,  immortalized  by 
Nathaniel  Hawthorne  and  the  Old  South 
Church  in  Boston,  obtained  from  those 
edifices  by  the  artist  during  periods  of 
reconstruction. 

(Mr.  Larrabee  has  made  many  pic- 
tures during  the  last  thirty  years,  but 
the  two  shown  are  among  his  best.; 


THE     CAKPENTEE 


THE   LEAGUE   FOR  INDUSTRIAL  RIGHTS 


2£R.  Wood  F.  Axton,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Axton-Fisher 
Tobacco  Co.,  Inc.,  of 
Louisville,  Ky.,  addressed 
the  Forty-second  Annual 
Convention  of  the  Amer- 
ican Federation  of  Labor  at  Cincinnati, 
O.,  last  June  on  "The  League  for  Indus- 
trial Rights."     He  said: 

"The  other  day  I  received  a  letter 
from  one  of  our  paid  Secretaries ;  he  is 
the  Secretary,  I  believe  of  the  League  for 
Industrial  Rights — so-called.  I  suppose 
that  he  is  getting  a  reasonably  fair  sal- 
ary, and  he  is  one  of  the  real  labor 
agitators  between  labor  and  capital,  and 
I  am  going  to  ask  your  indulgence  to 
read  his  letter  to  me  and  my  reply  to 
him.  I  will  not  take  up  very  much  more 
of  your  time,  because  this  letter  is  along 
the  lines  of  the  propaganda  that  is  be- 
ing sent  out  over  the  country,  and  I  am 
going  to  make  it  public. 

This  letter  was  addressed  to  my  firm, 
for  the  attention  of  its  President: 

"  'LEAGUE  FOR  INDUSTRIAL 
RIGHTS 

"  '42  Broadway,  New  York. 
"  'Axton-Fisher  Tobacco  Co.,  Louisville, 

Ky.: 
"  'Gentlemen: 

"  'Attention  of  the  President. 

"  'Mr.  S.  C.  Markley,  President  of  the 
Comas  Cigarette  Machine  Company,  of 
Salem,  Va.,  a  member  of  the  League, 
suggests  that  you  should  be  interested  in 
our  work. 

"  'The  industrial  booklet  outlines  the 
objects  and  accomplishments  of  the 
League  for  Industrial  Rights,  during 
twenty  years  of  its  existence.  I  know 
you  will  find  it  of  interest  and  recog- 
nize that  the  protection  which  American 
industry  enjoys  today  is  largely  due  to 
the  work  of  this  organization. 

"  'The  plan  of  Organized  Labor  to 
wipe  out  legal  and  constitutional  ob- 
stacles and  to  force  the  closed  shop  up- 
on the  country  has  been  frustrated  by 
our  opposition  to  radical  legislation  and 
by  the  court  decisions  obtained  by  us  for 
our  members  at  our  expense. 

"  'Our  work  has  been  carried  on  by  a 
comparatively  small  number  of  employ- 
ers scattered  throughout  the  country, 
who  are  actuated  by  a  public- spirited 
desire  to  sustain  the  law  and  the  Con- 
stitution against  those  who  defy  them 


and  would  make  them  impotent  for  the 
protection  of  rights  in  industrial  dis- 
putes. This  upholding  of  the  law  and 
the  Constitution  has  made  this  a  coun- 
try of  industrial  freedom,  where  the 
open  shop  is  grounded  on  legal  and  leg- 
islative foundation. 

"  'Our  members  believe  that  this  work 
which  they  have  maintained  f|or  the 
benefit  of  all  makes  every  employer  a 
debtor  to  the  League  and  they  feel  that 
you  should  now  join  with  them  and 
share  in  the  expenses  of  its  activities  in 
order  that  its  work  may  be  effectually 
perpetuated. 

"  'The  renewed  effort  of  Organized 
Labor  to  obtain  immunity  and  nullify 
the  results  of  our  work  makes  further 
support  essential. 

"  'Will  you  not  help?  An  application 
blank  is  enclosed  and  the  cost  of  mem- 
bership is  small. 

"  'Faithfully  yours, 
"  'LAWRENCE   F.    SHERMAN, 
("  'Signed) 

"  'Executive  Secretary.'  " 
"  'LFS — F — 
"  'Enc.  herewith : 
"  'Aims  and  accomplishments.'  " 

"  'AXTON-FISHER    TOBACCO    CO. 

"  'Incorporated 
"  'Louisville,  Ky.,  June  17,  1922. 
"  'Lawrence  F.  Sherman,  Executive  Sec- 
retary,  League   for  Industrial  Rights, 
42  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y. : 
"  'Dear  Sir. : 

"  'Your  favor  of  the  2nd  inst.,  handed 
me  on  my  return  to  the  city  with  the 
inclosed  booklet  outlining  the  objects 
and  accomplishments  of  the  League  for 
Industrial  Rights  during  twenty  years 
of  its  existence.  Your  letter  is  indeed 
interesting. 

"  'In  the  third  paragraph  of  your  let- 
ter you  say : 

"  'The  plan  of  Organized  Labor  to 
wipe  out  legal  and  constitutional  ob- 
stacles and  to  force  the  closed  shop  upon 
the  country  has-been  frustrated  by  our 
opposition  to  radical  legislation  and  by 
the  court  decision  obtained  by  us  for 
our  members  at  our  expense.' 

"  'This  paragraph  is  indeed  astound- 
ing, especially  the  declaration  that  de- 
cisions of  the  court  have  been  obtained 
by  you  at  your  expense.  Did  it  ever 
occur  to  you  that  the  tampering  with 
the  decision  of  the  court  is  the  real  in- 


THE     CARPENTER 


13 


cubator  in  this  country  of  the  wildest 
land  of  radicalism? 

"  'We  have  here  in  our  own  city  a  few 
rmall-minded  men  who  have  gone  to 
seed  on  the  subject  of  labor,  who  de- 
vote the  greater  part  of  thoir  time  in 
stirring  up  discontent  between  honest 
employers  and  honest  labor,  and  they 
have  their  Secretary,  who  thinks  he  is 
the  hero  of  the  industries  by  misrepre- 
senting the  facts  regarding  Organized 
Labor,  and  as  yau  say,  frustrating  legis- 
lation offered  in  favor  of  humanity  in 
general. 

"  'We  hardly  believe  that  any  of  our 
courts  here  have  been  corrupted  by  the 
men  of  this  ilk  and  we  would  deplore 
the  day  when  such  a  thing  would  hap- 
pen. I  am  very  grateful  indeed  to  have 
you  say  that  your  work  is  being  car- 
ried on  by  a  very  small  number  of  em- 
ployers scattered  throughout  the  coun- 
try, because  I  am  glad  that  very  few 
men  of  this  country  want  to  engage  in 
corrupting  our  courts   of  justice. 

"  'I  have  a  great  deal  of  faith  in  the 
great  number  of  employers  who  are  en- 
gaged in  business  that  are  making  head- 
way by  keeping  on  friendly  terms  with 
their  employes  and  have  not  joined  that 
class  of  busy-bodies  who  have  but  little 
ability  to  conduct  their  own  business, 
but  who  would  tell  other  men  how  to 
conduct  their  business. 

"  'I  do  not  believe  that  any  honest 
employer  would  feel  himself  a  debtor  of 
your  league,  if  your  league  stands  for 
what  your  letter  indicates  it  stands  for. 

"  'We  have  done  some  business  with 
the  Comas  Machine  Company  and  we  do 
not  know  of  anything  in  that  transac- 
tion that  would  cause  Mr.  Markley  to 
believe  that   we   would   want   to  join   a 


league  such  as  you  represent  your  league 
to  be. 

"  'We  feel  that  the  best  thing  for  this 
country  is  for  our  legislators  to  be  un- 
bribed,  for  our  courts  to  be  uncorrupted, 
and  that  employers  understand  better 
the  needs  of  their  co-workers  ami  to 
stop  as  far  as  possible  the  disconti  tit 
that  is  coming  out  of  such  organizations 
as  you  represent. 

"  'We  at  least  do  not  feel  under  any 
obligation  to  you  or  your  kind  and  cer- 
tainly will  not  be  a  contributor  to  the 
league. 

"  'Very  respectfully, 

"  'WOOD  T.   AXTON, 

"  'President.' 

"No  longer  ago  than  yesterday  I  had 
a  man  to  call  on  me  on  account  of  this 
letter,  trying  to  persuade  me  that  I  was 
wrong;  that  I  ought  to  join  with  them, 
and  if  they  were  wrong  to  correct  them. 
I  am  not  trying  to  handle  a  cyclone  with 
a  windmill,  and  I  told  them  that  we  had 
to  take  a  stand  somewhere  in  this  life, 
and  that  my  stand  was  on  the  side  of 
Organized  Labor. 

"I  know  that  Organized  Labor  has 
made  some  mistakes ;  I  know  that  many 
Local  Unions  and  many  men  engaged  in 
the  Organized  Labor  movement  make 
mistakes,  and  I  know  that  I  make  mis- 
takes in  my  own  business ;  I  know,  too, 
that  every  other  man  makes  mistakes  in 
his  business.  All  societies,  and  even 
churches,  sometimes,  have  men  who 
don't  live  just  according  to  the  rules. 
So  I  am  on  the  side  of  the  man  that 
is  fighting  for  humanity  in  general,  and 
I  believe  that  the  American  Federation 
of  Labor  has  done  more  for  humanity 
since  its  beginning  than  any  other  force 
in  the  world." 


'CAMP  ROOSEVELT— BOY  BUILDER" 

(By  Lilliam  Ewertsen.) 


T  is  trite  to  say  that  every 
boy  should  be  taught  to 
(ff^S^WrA  d<>  things  with  his  hands. 
There  can  be  no  close  cor 
ordination  between  mind 
and  body  unless  this 
training  to  do  is  accomplished.  Prac- 
tically every  Avell  organized  school  in 
the  country  has  its  manual  training  de- 
partment, to  train  boys  in  the  arts  of 
woodwork,  metal  work,  mechanics,  elec- 
tricity, etc. 

So    true    is    this    that    the    summer 
schools  at  Camp  Roosevelt,  the  national 


boys'  educational  training  camp,  has  a 
large  class  in  each  of  these  activities. 
But  in  addition  to  teaching  boys  to  use 
the  various  carpenters'  tools,  at  the 
bench,  boys  are  taught  to  go  into  the 
woods  and  build  with  such  crude  imple- 
ments as  may  be  available,  the  knife  and 
the  hatchet  being  practically  the  sole 
equipment.  The  romance  of  going  into 
the  deep  woods,  cutting  down  saplings, 
pitching  the  crude  frame-work  of  a  lean- 
to,  covering  this  with  boughs  and  fixing 
it  so  that  it  might  be  occupied  for  a 
night,   is  an   activity   that   should  thrill 


i 


14 


THE     CARPENTER 


any  and  every  boy.  These  things  boys 
are  taught  to  do  at  Camp  Roosevelt.  In 
fact,  it  is  the  endeavor  of  the  leaders  of 
this  institution  to  train  boys  to  follow- 
in  the  footsteps  of  that  great  American 
for  whom  the  camp  was  named.  To 
work  hard,  to  play  hard,  and  be  on  the 
square  go  further  toward  making  good 
American  citizens  than  any  other  qual- 
ities. To  have  boys  grow  both  in  mind 
and  body  during  their  summer  vacation 
period  is  one  of  the  ideals  of  the  found- 
ers of  this  unique  institution. 

The  man  directly  responsible  for  the 
camping  project  is  Major  F.  L.  Beals, 
TL  S.  Army,  P.  M.  S.  &  T.  and  Super- 
visor of  Physical  Education  in  the  Chi- 
cago public  high  schools.  Having  made 
boys  his  life  study,  he  attempted  and 
succeeded  in  interesting  the  Chicago 
Board  of  Education,  the  United  States 
Government,  the  Y.  M.  C.  A.  and  public 
spirited  men  in  Chicago,  to  assist  him  in 
establishing  a  great  out- door  playground 
where  boys  from  all  parts  of  the  country 
could  assemble,  at  nominal  cost,  and 
derive  the  unlimited  benefits  of  a  reg- 
ulated program,  out  in  the  open,  prop- 
erly supervised.     The  main  expense  for 


'; 


maintenance  is  borne  by  Chicago  bust 
ness  and  professional  men,  who  yearl; 
contribute  the  necessary  funds.  The 
fact  that  the  past  summer,  which  is  the 
camp's  fourth  season,  was  by  far  the 
best,  and  that  the  results  accomplished 
have  been  remarkable  in  every  way 
proves  the  efficacy  of  this  plan  of  train 
ing  "better  boys"  to  become  bette: 
American  citizens. 

Plans  for  the  camp  of  1923  include 
even  greater  and  more  effective  changes. 
The  summer  school  division,  for  those 
boys  who  wish  to  make  up  credit  or  ad- 
vance in  their  school  studies  in  the  fall, 
will  open  on  July  2nd,  and  close  on 
August  18th.  The  R.  O.  T.  C.  Division 
Jor  the  older  boys,  and  the  Junior  Camp 
will  open  on  July  9th,  and  close  on 
August  18th. 

While  Camp  Roosevelt  is  in  the  nature 
of  a  public  institution,  and  boys  from 
all  parts  of  the  country  are  welcome,  due 
to  limited  facilities,  it  will  be  necessary 
to  curtail  the  enrollment.  Applications 
sent  in  now  to  the  camp  headquarters 
at  the  Chicago  Board  of  Education,  460 
South  State  Street,  will  receive  prompt 
recognition. 


PUBLIC  SENTIMENT  AND  ORGANIZED  LABOR 

(By  Rev.  Dr.  Rosmond  M.  MacDonald.) 


RGAXIZED  Labor  today 
has  more  grounds  for 
hope  than  in  any  period 
of  its  existence!  I  notice 
in  the  last  few  years  there 
has  been  a  great  change 
in  the  sentiment  of  the  public  toward  it, 
and  the  sentiment  is  far  more  friendly 
than  it  was  a  few  years  ago.  I  call  your 
attention  to  the  various  articles  that  are 
appearing  in  the  newspapers  at  this 
time,  and  I  remind  you  that  more  and 
more  the  labor  question  is  being  the  sub- 
ject of  wide  and  discriminatory  editorial 
comment ;  more  and  more  there  seems  to 
be  a  friendly  tone  in  the  editorials  on 
the  labor  problem. 

I  also  am  glad,  as  a  representative  of 
one  branch  of  the  church,  to  say  there 
has  been  a  tremendous  increase  of  inter- 
est and  sympathy  for  Organized  Labor 
within  the  church  in  the  past  few  years. 
I  feel  that  the  church  is  fast  coming  to- 
ward a  broader  sympathy  with  its 
principles.  I  know  that  ail  the 
churches  are  thinking  of  the  labor 
question  as  they  never  thought  be- 
fore.    You  remember  the  late  lamented 


death  of  the  interchurch  world  move- 
ment. There  were  several  reasons  fori 
its  death,  but  one  of  the  reasons  is  that 
it  died  of  financial  starvation  when  the, 
Commission  appointed  to  investigate  the 
conditions  in  the  United  States  stel  in- 
dustry reported  unfavorably  to  the  steel 
trust.  There  can  be  no  question  that 
the  financial  interests  of  the  country,  in 
large  part,  lost  interest  in  the  inter-l 
church  movement,  and  starved  it  toj 
death,  when  this  report  of  the  Commis-j 
sion  came  out,  but  I  felt  it  was  one  of] 
the  finest  things  ever  done  for  the  Or- 
ganized Labor  movement  when  the  Com-j 
mission  declared  openly  for  the  eight-] 
hour  day  and  one  day's  rest  in  seven,! 
.  and  also  for  better  conditions — then  the] 
funds  were  withdrawn  and  the  inter- 
church world  movement  skidded  into 
bankruptcy. 

Another  fact  I  want  to  point  out  id 
that  Organized  Labor  is  of  the  opinion 
that  the  church  is  against  it.  I  kno^v 
Organized  Labor  pretty  well,  and  I  know 
the  church  pretty  well;  I  know  men  in 
the  church  who  are  against  Organized 
Labor,  but  I  want  to  say  that  I  have 


THE    CARPENTER 


15 


found  more  sympathy  in  every  church 
that  I  know  anything  about  for  Organ- 
ized Labor  than  I  have  against  it. 

There  is  only  one  solution  to  the  labor 
question,  and  that  is  the  Christian  solu- 
tion, I  think  it  ought  to  be  an  inspiration 
for  all  to  realize  that  He,  who  has  been 
looked  upon  as  the  Master  of  humanity 
through  the  ages,  is  now  being  looked  to 
as  the  Savior  of  our  modern  civilization. 


If  ever  the  time  comes  when  love  will 
supplant  hatred  in  the  human  heart, 
when  justice  and  democracy  will  be 
applied  in  industry,  and  when  the  work- 
ing man  will  receive  a  fair  and  just  deal, 
I  believe  it  will  be  when  all  follow  the 
leadership  of  Him,  who,  until  a  few 
months  before  His  crueifivion,  labored  at 
a  carpenter  bench  in  a  village  shop  of 
( la  llilee. 


THE  SHORTER  WORKDAY 


HE  Committee  on  Shorter 
Workday  of  the  Forty  - 
second  Annual  Convention 
of  the  American  Federa- 
tion of  Labor  submitted 
the  following  report  in 
favor  of  the  shorter  workday.  It  is 
self-explanatory  and  was  adopted  as 
presented. 

In  dealing  with  the  subject  of  the 
shorter  workday,  your  committee  unhes- 
itatingly declares  this  to  be  of  para- 
mount importance  among  the  matters 
considered  by  this  Convention.  We  fur- 
ther assert  that  year  by  year  it  is  be- 
coming more  and  more  the  conviction 
of  thinking  men  and  women  that  herein 
is  to  be  found  the  one  solution  for  many 
of  our  industrial  and  economic  ills ;  that 
only  by  universal  establishment  of  the 
scientically  calculated  shorter  workday 
can  we  build  a  continuing  and  enduring 
condition  of  national  and  world  pros- 
perity ;  that  by  thus  balancing  produc- 
tion and  consumption,  and  in  that  way 
only,  can  we  solve  the  problems  of  un- 
employment and  all  its  attendant  social, 
political  and  economic  ills  which  threat- 
en the  perpetuity  of  American  standards 
and  American  institutions. 

The  shorter  workday  is  demanded  in 
the  interest  of  health,  mental  and  moral 
development,  and  the  general  well-being 
of  those  who  give  service  to  the  world. 
Where  progress  has  been  made  towards 
its  realization  the  result  has  to  the  full- 
est degree  justified  the  soundness  of  the 
position  of  labor  with  regard  to  this 
great  reform.  We  assert,  with  all  the 
power  at  our  command,  that  in  many 
lines  the  shorter  workday  has  become  an 
absolute  economic  necessity. 

Aside  from  offering  the  only  perma- 
nent relief  from  unemployment,  your 
committee  desires  to  point  out  the  in- 
controvertible fact  that  only  by  short- 
ening the  work  period  can  the  workers 
enjoy  the  share  of  increased  production 


throughout  the  invention,  development 
and  use  of  labor-saving  devices,  to 
which  they  are  justly  entitled. 

Our  nation  suffers  in  this  day  from 
overproduction  and  underconsumption. 
With  millions  unemployed,  and  a  vast 
amount  of  productive  machinery  in  every 
line  idle,  we  produce  more  than  our  peo- 
ple can  secure  the  wherewithal  to  obtain 
and  consume.  Were  it  possible  to  se- 
cure full-time  maximum  production  from 
our  industries,  operating  upon  the  estab- 
lished basic  workday,  it  is  apparent  to 
the  most  obtuse  mind  that  the  scale  of 
production  and  consumption  would  be 
thrown  more  acutely  out  of  balance  and 
so-called  depression  from  which  our 
country  has  suffered  would  be  many 
times  multiplied. 

With  the  development  of  machines 
which  multiply  the  productivity  of  the 
individual ;  with  millions  of  women  in 
industry  because  of  their  experience  dur- 
ing the  war;  with  other  millions  who 
have  been  producing  for  the  enormously 
destructive  purposes  of  war,  turned  to 
normal  productive  action  by  disarma- 
ment, it  must  be  plain  to  all  that  labor's 
only  relief  is  in  the  establishment  of  the 
shorter  workday. 

From  bitter  experience  the  organized 
workers  have  learned  they  can  expect 
no  constructive  and  continuing  relief 
from  men  in  whose  minds  there  is  no 
thought  of  progress.  The  kings  of 
finance  who  seek  to  autocratically  de- 
termine every  phase  of  the  industrial 
and  economic  life  of  the  nation  are 
without  vision  or  altruistic  purpose. 
They  rightly  assume  that  with  more 
workers  than  jobs  wages  can  be  forced 
to  the  lowest  possible  level. 

They  wrongly  assume  that  with  mini- 
mum forces  and  maximum  hours  pro- 
duction costs  are  lowered  and  mass  pro- 
duction increased. 

With  no  further  thought  they  know 
the  greater  the  mass  production  and  the 


re 


TEE     OASPEICTEK 


smaller  the  portion  accorded  to  labor  the 
greater  the  residue  which  they  can  re- 
tain for  themselves. 

But  they  fail  to  observe  the  inevitable 
consequences  which  follow  from  such 
conditions.  Reduced  consumption  de- 
stroys the  balance  and  without  fail 
brings  ever  recurring  periods  of  depres- 
sion, chaos  and  ruin. 

The  right  of  collective  action  is  es- 
sential ;  protection  of  the  rights  of  the 
individual  and  his  organization  is  im- 
perative ;  a  living  wage  with  proper 
standards  is  all  important;  but  we  are 
sure  recognition  of  and  protection  of 
these  rights  must  be  predicated  upon  the 
concrete  statement  of  fact  that  the  op- 
portunity to  work  is  a  supreme  necessity. 
In  full  recognition  of  this,  your  com- 
mittee most  forcibly  suggests  that  the 
only  solution  is  the  universal  enforce- 
ment of  the  shorter  workday. 

In  the  great  basic  industry  of  coal 
mining  this  fact  has  been  pressed  home 
to  the  workers  with  greatest  force.  To- 
day chaos  reigns  in  that  industry  be* 
cause  of  the  refusal  of  coal  barons  to 
recognize  the  demand  for  a  basic  work- 
day which  would  afford  the  miners  of 
the  country  an  opportunity  to  work  a 
sufficient  number  of  days  each  year  to 
provide  sustenance  for  themselves  and 
their  families.  The  machinations  of  the 
coal  barons,  in  their  attempt  to  retain 
the  longer  workday  and  the  consequent 
reservoir  of  unemployed  labor  to  a  great 
degree  responsible  for  damnable  and  dis- 
graceful conditions  during  past  years, 
are  most  reprehensible  and  your  com- 
mittee would  impress  upon  you  that  the 
fight  of  the  miners  is  a  blazing  of  the 


trail  which  other  organizations'  will'  b'e? 
compelled  to  follow  and  their  success  is-- 
of  utmost  importance  to  many  organi- 
zations at  this  time. 

The  printing  trades  have  been  forced 
into  a  nation-wide  fight  over  the  issue 
of  the  shorter  work  period.  And  since 
the  inception  of  the  strike  for  enforce- 
ment of  this  necessary  change  in  the 
commercial  printing  industry,  the  In- 
ternational Typographical  Union  alone 
has  expended,  in  fourteen  months,  more 
than  nine  millions  of  dollars. 

The  Textile  "Workers  are  engaged  in 
a  great  struggle  to  prevent  the  length- 
ening of  the  workday  for  the  workers  in 
that  industry. 

Your  committee  feels  we  should  high- 
ly commend  the  organizations  which  are 
acting  as  shock  troops  in  this  great 
struggle  against  privilege.  Success  will 
bring  definite  and  effective  solution  of 
the  problems  of  unemployment.  The 
fight  must  be  pressed  and  the  field  of 
action  broadened  to  a  point  where  every 
worker  of  this  great  country  shall  be 
guaranteed  the  opportunity  for  contin- 
uous employment. 

It  is  the  opinion  of  your  committee 
that  the  fullest  realization  of  the  rights 
and  aspirations  of  all  workers  must  be 
based  upon  the  establishment  of  the 
shorter  workday,  and  the  demand  for 
this  most  essential  reform  will  give  to 
Organized  Labor  upon  this  continent  a 
battle  cry  to  which  they  will  rally;  and 
further,  in  such  a  demand  is  to  be  found 
the  only  sufficient  answer  to  so-called 
open  shop,  American  plan,  union-hating 
and  anti-union  forces  of  our  country. 


INEFFICIENCY  AND  RESTRICTED  PRODUCTION 


R.  Fred  J.  Miller,  post 
President  of  the  Ameri- 
can Society  of  Mechanic- 
al Engineers,  in  an  ad- 
dress before  a  meeting  of 
Engineers,  Manufacturers 
and  Educators  in  New  York  said: 

"Too  many  there  are  who  would  place 
inefficiency  entirely  upon  the  employees. 
"In  most  industries,  however,  it  can 
easily  be  shown  that  restriction  of  pro- 
duction by  workers  is  insignificant  com- 
pared with  the  restrictions  caused  by 
financial  juggling;  by  avoidable  irregu- 
lar employment  of  labor  and  of  plant;  by 
unnecessary  large  inventories ;  by  inade- 
quate control  of  the  movement  of  mater- 


ial through  the  works ;  by  inadequate  or 
entire  absence  of  provision  for  teaching 
or  training,  and  by  absence  of  effective 
means  of  recording  attainments  of 
workers." 

Mr.  Ethelbert  Stewart,  United  States- 
Commissioner  of  Labor  Statistics  says  in 
the  Monthly  Labor  Review,  issued  by 
the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics: 

"On  the  one  hand  we  hear  much  of  the 
superiority  of  the  American  workman; 
on  the  other  we  hear  much  of  the  degen- 
eration of  American  labor,  of  loafing  on 
the  job,  of  job  making,  etc.  When  we 
ask  for  proof,  for  fiigures,  for  output  per 
man,  per  hour  or  per  day  taken  from  the 
records  that  are  the  basis  of  pay  rolls, 


THE    CARPENTER 


17 


we  are  told,  'Oh,  I  have  no  figures,  but 
what  I  state  is  a  matter  of  common 
knowledge.' 

"  'Common  knowledge'  can  not  be  tab- 
ulated. It  can  not  be  worked  up  into 
an  index  number  nor  can  percentages  of 
increase  or  decrease  from  year  to  year 
be  worked  out. 

"Labor  cost  per  unit  of  production  in 
any  industry  as  expressed  in  money, 
while  interesting  and  economically  im- 
portant, is  not  illuminating  on  the  sub- 
ject of  labor  efficiency.  The  question  as 
to  whether  the  output  per  man  per  hour 
in  shoe  factories  has  increased  or  de- 
creased since  1913  can  not  be  deter- 
mined by  the  labor  cost  per  pair  of  shoes. 

"Common  labor  in  the  United  States 
may  be  less  efficient  than  it  was  30  or 
40  years  ago,  but  it  is  no  longer  Ameri- 
can. In  such  industries  as  the  iron  and 
steel,  coal  mining,  railroad  construction, 
brick  making  and  textile  mills,  and  a 
great  many  other  of  our  basic  industries, 
immigrant  labor,  of  low-grade  efficiency, 
was  sought  for  and  the  industries  in 
consequence  overrun  by  races  physically 
weak. 

"You  hear  it  said  that  before  the  war 
a  man  would  lay  1,500  bricks  a  day,  that 
in   Chicago   you  could   get   2,000   bricks 


laid  per  man  per  day,  and  that  now  500 
and  750  are  all  you  can  get.  The  fact  is 
that  any  statement  which  does  nol 
beyond  the  number  of  bricks  laid  by  a 
man  in  a  day  does  not  convey  any  ade^ 
quate  information. 

"It  all  depends  upon  whether  a  brick- 
layer was  working  on  an  8-inch  wall,  a 
16-inch  wall,  a  20-inch  wall  or  a  24-inch 
wall,  whether  he  was  laying  to  a  line 
and  filling  in  behind  his  own  work  or 
whether  he  was  laying  to  a  line  and 
some  one  else  was  filling  in  behind  him, 
whether  he  was  laying  face  brick  or  buil- 
ding a  dead  wall. 

"The  same  man  might  lay  1,500  or 
1,800  bricks  one  day  and  lay  400  the 
next  day,  and  work  harder  on  the  400 
face  brick,  pointed  mortar,  than  he  did 
on  the  1,500  bricks.  In  other  words, 
without  some  sort  of  a  description  of  the 
work  a  thousand  brick  is  not  the  unit  of. 
the  briklayer's  efficiency. 

"The  statements  made  about  output 
in  the  bricklaying  trade  in  the  United 
States  since  the  war,  which  have  come 
to  me,  have  never  been  accompanied 
with  definite  data  as  to  the  width  of  the 
wall  and  the  kind  of  work  being  done,  or 
with^  copies  of  production  or  time-cost 
sheets  that  would  confirm  the  state- 
ments made." 


THE  LINE  OF  DEMARCATION 

(By  W.  A.  Logan.) 


HE  line  between  the  union 
and  the  non-union;  the 
thinking  and  the  unthink- 
ing; the  progressive  and 
the  reactionary  is  being 
drawn  more  clearly  every 


day. 


For  years  the  organized  workers  have 
fought  and  struggled  for  those  things 
that  make  life  worth  living;  for  liberty 
and  equality  of  opportunity ;  for  an  op- 
portunity to  determine  the  conditions 
under  which  they  are  to  toil  and  pro- 
duce, and  for  a  place  in  the  sun. 

At  first  the  struggle  was  for  some  of 
the  minor  things,  such  as  shorter  hours 
and  better  working  conditions,  and  this 
is,  to  a  great  extent,  still  the  issue,  but 
the  fight  is  widening  in  its  scope,  until 
today  it  involves  things  of  much  greater 
importance. 


There  was  a  time  when  the  great 
mass  of  workers  could  stand  on  the  side- 
lines and  watch,  for  a  brief  perior,  and 
then  pass  on  with  a  shrug  of  the  should- 
ers, making  the  mental  observation  that 
it  was  only  another  scrap  between  some 
employer  and  a  small  group  of  dissatis- 
fied workers. 

Whether  wages  were  lowered  or  raised 
here  and  there,  or  whether  hours  were 
lengthened  or  shortened  in  isolated  in- 
stances, did  not  seem  to  have  any 
marked  effect  upon  conditions  in  gen- 
eral. 

The  issues  were  small  and  the  field  of 
battle  was  limited  in  scope  and  the  effect 
seemed  to  be  only  local. 

However,  as  time  passed  the  field  of 
battle  has  grown  larger  and  the  issues 
being  fought  for  have  assumed  nation- 


18 


THE    CARPENTER 


wide  scope,  and  even  the  unorganized 
worker  has  begun  to  realize  that  his  in- 
terests are  being  vitally  affected. 

The  organizations  of  labor  are  grow- 
ing ever  larger  and  larger,  and,  as  time 
goes  by,  they  are  gaining  more  and  more 
experience  in  the  tactics  and  generalship 
of  the  struggle  they  are  engaged  in. 

An  ever-increasing  number  of  unorga- 
nized workers  are  seeing  the  light  and 
seeking  admission  to  the  ranks  of  the 
organized;  for  passing  events  make  it 
ever  more  plain  to  them,  that  the  day 
of  individual  action  is  past  and  that 
this  is  an  age  of  organized  effort. 

The  employers  have  intrenched  them- 
selves behind  the  fortifications  of  or- 
ganization ;  to  secure  a  better  hold  upon 
industry  and  thus  place  themselves'  in  a 
position  to  dictate  wages,  hours  and 
working  conditions ;  but  not  being  satis- 
fied with  that  degree  of  power,  they 
have  reached  out  for  more,  until  we  now 
find  them  wielding  enormous  influence 
in  the  legislative,  executive  and  judicial 
functions  of  the  government. 

This  grasping  for  power,  on  the  part 
of  those  who  own  and  control  the  indus- 
tries of  this  country,  has  reached  a  point 
where  it  is  obvious  to  all  that,  not  only 
are  the  interests  of  the  organized  work- 
ers in  jeopardy,  but  that  the  unorganized 
are  menaced  as  well.  In  fact,  a  situa- 
tion has  been  developed  that  is  causing 
an  awakening  all  down  the  line,  for  the 
peril  is  plain  to  be  seen. 

Industrial  battles,  such  as  the  coal  and 
railroad  strikes,  serve  as  vivid  illustra- 
tions of  the  trend  of  events.  Organized 
and  unorganized  workers  are  taking 
sides  in  affairs  of  this  kind  and  the  great 
preponderance  of  sympathy  is  with  the 
workers  involved. 

During  the  progress  of,  and  after  the 
final  result  of  strikes  that  attract  nation- 
wide attention,  we  find  the  ranks  of  or- 
ized  labor  constantly  swelling,  due  to  the 
fact  that  the  minds  of  the  workers  have 
been  stimulated  to  a  serious  considera- 
tion of  the  national  issues  involved  and 
to  a  relization  of  the  fact  that  the  great 
mass  of  workers  can  no  longer  sit  in 
their  seats  and  watch  the  show. 

Gradually  the  idea  is  sinking  into  the 
minds  of  those  who  toil  that  each  indi- 
vidual must  become  an  actor  in  the 
drama  that  is  being  staged. 


When  the  price  of  coal  soars  to  such 
limits  that  it  means  sacrifice  and  real 
suffering  for  the  mass  of  those  who  work 
for  a  living,  it  does  not  take  them  long 
to  reason  the  conclusion  that,  after  all, 
the  fight  of  the  miners  is  their  fight  also, 
and  when  they  see  that  this  fight  was 
brought  on  by  the  operators  for  the  dual' 
purpose  of  smashing  the  miners'  union 
and  boosting  the  price  of  coal,  it  serves 
to  make  them  think  just  that  much 
harder.  A  general  campaign,  such  as 
has  been  waged  for  the  past  two  years, 
to  disrupt  and  disband  all  labor  organi- 
zations can  have  only  one  objective,' 
and  that  is  to  make  abject  slaves  of  all 
the  workers,  unorganized  as  well  as  or- 
ganized. This  fact  is  being  driven  home 
to  those  who  have  stood  aloof  in  the 
past. 

That  labor  organizations  have  stood 
as  a  bulwark,  protecting  all  workers,  is 
now  becoming  more  apparent  to  those 
who  never  could  see  much  good  in  un- 
ions and  to  those  whose  attitude  has 
been  indifferent. 

The  line  of  demarcation,  between 
those  who  know  the  value  of  organiza- 
tion and  those  who  are  still  unconscious 
of  their  power,  is  being  more  sharply 
drawn  every  day. 

The  line  of  demarcation,  between 
those  who  realize  the  power  of  organi- 
zation and  who  want  to  wield  that  pow- 
er and  those  who  are  still  asleep  at  the 
switch  or  are  too  lazy  physically  and 
mentally  to  desire  its  power  is  being  so 
well  defined  that  the  most  stupid  can 
see  it. 

There  is  a  general  realignment.  The 
scab  is  becoming  more  and  more  unpop- 
ular, and  those  who  used  to  secretly  line 
up  with  the  employer  are  being  forced 
to  come  out  in  the  open  as  traitors  to 
their  class  and  the  enemies  of  it. 

There  is  a  general  clearing  of  the  at- 
mosphere and  the  workers  are  making 
a  classification  of  who  is  who ;  and  the 
great  bulk  of  the  workers,  who  have 
heretofore  been  unorganized,  are  leaning 
more  and  more  to  the  side  of  those  who 
are  in  the  ranks  of  the  unions. 

As  a  result  of  the  clearer  understand- 
ing brought  about  by  the  well-defined 
issues  that  are  now  before  the  great 
mass  of  workers,  it  is  safe  to  say  that 
we  are  on  the  threshold  of  an  era  of  or- 
ganization such  as  has  never  before  been 
seen  in  this  country, 


THE    CARPENTER 


10 


w<3"t'>>M<*"fr,i"i"i"i"fr>M'M'M 


sp^e  mire*  (f  vat** 

On  this  natal  day  when  the  whole  world  is  gay 

And  love  is  queen  on  the  throne; 
When  dearest  of  friends  meet  where  the  trail  ends, 

And  the  flowers  of  thought  are  full  blown. 
No  words  come  to  mind  more  loving  and  kind, 

That  appeal  to  the  souls  that  must  roam, — 
They  are  love  words  that  call,  they  are  sweetest  of  all, 

Mother, — and  Christmas, — and  Home. 

These  three  loving  words  are  the  songs  of  the  birds, 

That  flit  across  Heaven's  deep  blue; 
No  matter  our  quest,  they  give  us  no  rest, 

They  keep  calling  to  me  and  to  you. 
From  near  and  afar,  wherever  you  are, 

Across  our  dim  paths  they  will  roam, — 
These  three  words  of  love  from  the  triune  above, 

Mother, — and  Christmas, — and  Home. 

How  precious  the  thoughts  that  entwine  our  hearts, 

As  each  yuletide  season  draws  near; 
Our  souls  burn  with  love,  our  thoughts  turn  above, 

On  this  wonderful  day  of  good  cheer. 
Our  deepest  affections  take  up  the  glad  song, 

All  is  joy  beneath  Heaven's  great  dome, — 
It  is  rest  for  the  soul  pressing  on  toward  life's  goal, 

Mother, — and  Christmas, — and  Home. 

To  the  dear  wayward  boy  who  seeks  life's  alloy, 

There's  much  sweeter  love  calling  you; 
These  three  angels  still  stand  with  a  beckoning  hand 

And  pray  that  to  them  you'll  be  true. 
These  dear  souls  of  love  plead  to  God  up  above 

To  guide  you  wherever  you  roam, — 
And  on  this  natal  day,  may  you  stop, — think, — and  pray, — 

For  Mother, — and  Christmas, — and  Home. 

As  long  as  my  heart  shall  any  sweetness  impart 

And  my  mind  remains  normal  and  clear; 
I  promise  the  vow  and  I  will  keep  it  somehow, 

At  the  passing  of  each  closing  year. 
That  these  sweethearts  of  mine  shall  have  no  cause  to  pine, 

I  vow  it  beneath  God's  great  big  dome, — 
That  while  I  exist,  I  will  be  true  to  the  tryst, — 

Mother, — and  Christmas, — and  Home. 

—By  U.  R.  Gilbert. 


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Editorial 


THE  CARPENTER 

Official  Journal  of 

THE    UNITED    BROTHERHOOD    OF 

CARPENTERS   AND  JOINERS 

OF  AMERICA 

Published   on   the   loth    of  each   month  at  the 

CARPENTERS1   BUILDING 

Indianapolis,  Ind. 

UNITED  BROTHERHOOD   OF 

CARPENTERS  AND   JOINERS   OE   AMERICA, 

Publishers 

FRANK  DUFFY,   Editor 

Subscription  Pmce 
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pears  in  "The  Carpenter."  Should  any 
deception  be  practiced  by  advertisers  at 
any  time,  upon  members,  their  duty  is  to 
immediately  notify  the  Post  Office  au- 
thorities. Therefore,  address  any  com- 
plaints  to  your  local  Post  Office. 


'•^SaSis^' ' 


INDIANAPOLIS,   DECEMBER,   1922 

At   Christmas   Time  Remember  the 
Union  Label 

One  cannot  but  feel  glad  for  the  com- 
ing of  Christmas  for  there  is  something 
about  that  season  of  "peace  and  good 
will"  which  is  the  one  universal  feast 
common  to  all  the  races  of  Christendom. 
It  brings  home  to  us  the  thought  that 
despite  racial  and  social  differences  we 
are  all  '"children  of  a  common  Adam,-' 
fashioned  of  the  same  clay  and  having 
much  the  same  impulses,  sentiments, 
likes  and  dislikes. 

The  condition  of  our  organization,  as 
shown  by  the  General  Secretary's  Re- 
port, should  be  another  source  for  grati- 
fication during  this  Yuletide  Season,  af- 
ter having  to  face  the  scathing  fire  of 
propaganda  for  the   "open  shop"  which 


the  mighty  forces  of  capital  arrayed 
against  us  it  should  be  a  source  of  pride 
to  know  we  have  come  out  of  the  mael- 
strom with  colors  flying. 

All  this  has  been  made  possible  by 
organization.  It  is  the  keynote  of  our 
power ;  it  is  the  basic  source  of  economic 
influence.  Trade  unionism  has  added 
unanimously  to  the  sum  total  of  the 
world's  happiness.  It  has  brought  sun- 
shine into  the  lives  of  the  world's  toil- 
ers, it  has  lifted  up  the  downtrodden,  it 
has  pierced  the  curtain  of  despair  which 
hid  the  rays  of  human  hopes  from  the 
eyes  of  countless  thousands. 

In  this  season  of  rejoicing  and  giving 
we  should  not  forget,  when  spending, 
that  the  Union  Label  is  the  bulwark  that 
stands  between  Organized  Labor  and  Or- 
ganized Capital.  It  is  upon  the  demand 
for  the  union-made  article  that  our  pro- 
priety and  welfare  as  trade  unionists  de- 
pends. The  larger  the  consumption  of 
union-made  goods  the  larger  grow  the 
ranks  of  Organized  Labor.  Every  effort 
that  we  make  then  in  promoting  the  use 
of  the  Label  redounds  to  our  own  ad- 
vantage. 

The  Union  Label  has  justice  and  hu- 
manity on  its  side.  It  is  a  badge  of  civ- 
ilized working  conditions,  a  symbol  of 
hope  which  shows  that  we  are  gradually 
dispelling  the  clouds  which  for  an  age 
Lad  shrouded  the  workers  in  the  dark- 
ening of  despair.  Sweatshop  employers 
hate  it  with  an  undying  hatred  as  do  all 
who  was  prosperous  on  underpaid  labor 
— but  their  enmity  is  unavailing  to  stop 
its  onward  course. 

To  all  who  grasp  the  significance  of 
the  Label  it  speaks  mutely.  It  tells  of 
the  larger  hopes  and  the  greater  happi- 
ness of  the  toilers.  It  stands  as  a  testi- 
monial to  the  new  order  of  things — the 
great  army  of  the  emancipated  workers, 
advancing  serenly  towards  the  sunlight, 
enjoying  a  more  equitable  share  of  their 
labor. 

Let  us  then  who  regard  the  Label  not 
so  much  as  a  piece  of  grandiose  myth- 
ology as  something  of  tangible  worth, 
inseparably  connected  with  our  daily 
tread,  be  up  and  doing.    Let  this  Christ- 


THE    CARPENTER 


21 


mas  carry  our  challenge  to  our  foes 
through  the  purchasing  of  goods  we 
need  which  bear  the  Union  Label,  show- 
ing them  that  we  have  confidence  in  the 
righteousness  and  ultimate  triumph  of 
our  cause — which  is  the  cause  of  hu- 
manity. If  our  membership  will  take 
this  to  heart  and  follow  it  out  we  know 
thoy  will  always  have  what  we  have  al- 
ways wished  them — A  Merry  Christmas 
and  A  Bright  and  Prosperous  New  Year. 

*  *      * 

Evolution  Wrecked  Apprentice  System 

"Employers  for  the  most  part  do  not 
find  it  profitable  to  employ  appren- 
tices," writes  Harry  A.  Stone,  of  the 
Philadelphia  Builders'  Exchange  and 
Employers'  Association,  in  "The  Con- 
structor." Mr.  Stone  is  Secretary  of  the 
labor  commission  of  the  Philadelphia  or- 
ganization and  dissents  from  those  who 
flippantly  blame  labor  unions  for  the 
decline  of  the  apprentice  system.  He 
says  the  evolution  of  the  industry  is 
more  to  blame  for  conditions  than  to 
definite  restriction  or  to  the  disinclina- 
tion of  young  men  to  enter  the  trades. 

"The  new  apprenticeship  system,"  he 
says,  "must  be  built  up  on  a  basis 
which  fully  recognizes  the  revolutionary 
changes  of  the  past  few  years.  Employ- 
ers for  the  most  part  do  not  find  it  prof- 
itable to  employ  apprentices.  In  certain 
cases  their  presence  on  actual  construc- 
tion work  tends  to  slow  down  the  work 
of  journeymen.  The  individual  employ- 
er, unless  actuated  by  a  strong  sense  of 
responsibility  toward  the  future  of  his 
trade,  is  unwilling  —  and  in  some  in- 
stances unable — to  make  provision  for 
the  employment  of  apprentices  and  at 
best  finds  it  difficult  to  provide  such 
steady  employment  as  will  attract  young 
.men  to  take  up  the  training. 

"This  must  be  met  by  a  system  under 
"which  trade  organizations  shall  assume 
the  responsibility  for  the  training  of  ap- 
prentices and  then  placement  with  inddi- 
vidual  employers,  thus  insuring  contin- 
uity of  employment  for  apprentices." 

*  *      * 

Building  That  Endures 

Ceasar  told  the  Romans — "I  found 
Home  built  of  wood.  I  leave  it  built  of 
marble."  True,  Ceasar  did  rebuild  Rome 
with  marble,  and  it  appeared  a  good  and 
enduring  work.  The  best  of  material 
"was  used;  the  skill  of  the  workers  was 
^unsurpassed ;  time  was  no  object ;  no  ex- 
jxmses  was  spared,  and  yet  Rome  that 
Ceiisar  built  crumbled  and  passed  away. 


It  was  built  by  the  labor  of  slaves. 
Into  the  mortar  went  the  miseries,  the 
agonies,  the  heart-cries,  the  curses  and 
blood  of  human  beings  laboring  under- 
the  lash  of  merciless  overseers,  The 
customs  that  were  employed  during  the 
rebuilding  and  growing  as  time  passed 
carried  with  them  the  very  seeds  of  dis- 
solution. The  policy  of  arrogance,  the 
trampling  of  justice,  the  denial  of  rights 
tore  down  what  had  been  built. 

Nothing  can  endure  that  fails  to 
square  with  right.  Justice  and  right, 
though  often  long  withheld,  eventually 
prevail.  It  is  the  kind  of  building  that 
endures. 

The  system  employed  in  some  of  our 
great  industries  very  closely  approach- 
es the  stage  when  it  must  be  determined 
whether  the  method  of  pagan  Rome 
shall  be  revived  or  the  light  of  subsse- 
quent  centuries  used.  Ancient  Rome 
was  governed  no  less  brutally  than  many 
of  the  great  masters  of  industry  would 
govern  were  their  policies  not  opposed 
by  the  workers  through  their  organiza- 
tions, which  stand  between  the  workers 
and  a  return  to  the  enslaving  conditions 
under  which  pagan  Rome  was  construc- 
ted. 

*      *      * 

A  Wonderful  Defense  of  Trade 

Unionism 

"The  Labor  Call"  of  Melbourne, 
Australia  reprints  an  historical  defense 
of  trade  unionism  written  32  years  ago 
by  the  late  Chief  Justice  Higinbotham. 
In  forwarding  a  donation  to  a  woman  to 
assist  the  wives  and  families  of  workers 
on  strike,  this  jurist  said : 

"I  do  not  think  that  despondency 
should  be  allowed  to  damp  the  energy  or 
to  divert  the  purpose  at  this  juncture  of 
any  true  unionist,  who  knows  how  much 
and  how  long  labor  has  suffered  for  want 
of  union,  and  how  much  labor  lias  gained 
through  union,  though  still  imperfect 
and  far  too  limted  in  its  operations. 

"I  think  it  is  clear  that  recent  defeat 
has  been  caused  by  the  want  of  more 
complete  and  extended  union  amongst 
the  classes  that  labor,  and  this  season, 
if  it  be  well  understood  and  remembered, 
will  prove  a  greater  benefit  to  labor  than 
present  victory.  Nor  should  we  forget 
that  strikes  are,  and  must  continue  for 
a  time,  to  be  the  only  weapon  in  the 
last  resource  that  labor  can  use  in  wag- 
ing lawful  war  with  capital. 

"I  share  with  you  in  the  belief  and 
hope  that  time  will  bring  peace  between 


22 


THE    CARPENTER 


those  two  factors  of  human  industry, 
but  that  time  will  not  come  until  labor 
shall  attain,  by  means  of  union,  equal 
power  with  capital,  and  shall  be  able  to 
insist  on  terms  of  honorable  and  lasting 
peace.  In  the  meantime  there  must  be 
conflict,  with  all  its  consequences.  In 
this  conflict  individuals,  for  the  most 
part,  can  do  little,  but  I  think  that  you 
and  your  fellow-workers  in  the  matter  of 
this  bazaar  are  entitled  to  find  satisfac- 
tion in  the  thought  that  you  have  done 
what  you  could,  and  that  what  you  have 
done  has  been  in  the  right  direction,  and 
I  do  not  know  of  any  human  effort  that 
rests  upon  a  more  solid  habis  than  this." 
*      *      * 

Purchasing  Power  of  Dollar  Shows 
Labor's  Gain  Is  Small 

If  the  wages  of  workers  in  manufac- 
turing industry  had  the  same  purchasing 
power  last  December  that  they  had  in 
1914,  these  wage  earners  today  would 
be  $1.35  "to  the  good"  over  1914,  says 
the  National  Catholic  Welfare  Council, 
in  a  statement  which  shows  that  the  so- 
called  "higher  standard  of  living  be- 
cause of  the  war,"  is  largely  myth. 

The  statement  is  based  on  figures  is- 
sued by  the  National  Industrial  Confer- 
ence Board,  an  organization  of  employ- 
ers' associations. 

Statistics  issued  by  the  United  States 
Bureau  of  Statics  show  that  in  Decem- 
ber, last  year,  skilled  men  got  $25.56, 
which  was  4%  per  cent  more  money 
compared  with  the  cost  of  living  than 
they  got  in  1914.     ■ 

The  employers  claim  that  the  gain 
is  11  per  cent,  figured  on  the  same 
basis. 

The  employers  state  that  in  Decem- 
ber, last  year,  the  average  skilled  man 
in  manufacturing  industry  made  about 
$1,325  a  year  ($24.48  a  week),  the 
average  unskilled  worker  about  $1,025 
($19.71  a  week)  and  the  average  wo- 
man about  $825  a  year  ($15.86  a 
week). 

"Measured  by  its  own  figures  for  the 
cost  of  living,"  says  the  National  Cath- 
olic Welfare  Council,  "all  wage  earners 
in  manufacturing  industry,  men  and  wo- 
men, skilled  and  unskilled,  according  to 
the  National  Industrial  Conference 
Board,  got  on  an  average  11  per  cent 
more  in  December,  1921,  than  in  July, 
1914.  When  the  official  Government 
figures  are  used  the  gain  is  cut  to  4% 
per  cent.  If  the  larger  figure  is  taken, 
wage  earners  were  $1.35  to  the  good  in 


1914  money.  If  the  smaller  official  fig- 
ure is  taken  wage  earners  were  55c  to 
the  good. 

"In  other  words,  if  money  were  still 
worth  the  same  as  in  1914,  wage  earn- 
ers instead  of  making  an  average  of 
$12.35  a  week  would  be  getting  either 
$13.70  a  week  or  $12.90  a  week,  accord- 
ing to  whether  the  figures  of  the  em- 
ployers' organization  or  the  figures  of 
the  Government  on  the  cost  of  living  are 
taken." 

*      *      * 

Retail  Food  Prices  44  Per  Cent 
Above  1 9 13 

The  extent  to  which  the  cost  of  filling 
the  market  basket  and  the  fuel  bin  in- 
creased since  1913  is  shown  in  a  recent 
study  of  prices  throughout  the  United 
States  by  the  Bureau  of  Labor  Statistics 
of  the  Department  of  Labor. 

Retail  food  prices  in  July,  1922,  it  is 
estimated,  were  44  per  cent  higher  than 
in  1913,  notwithstanding  a  decrease  of 
4  per  cent  during  the  year  from  July, 
1921,  to  July,  1922. 

How  various  staple  commodities  have 
been  affected  is  shown  by  the  following 
table  of  comparative  prices: 

July  15,  July  15, 

1913.  1922. 

'  Cents.        Cents. 

Sirloin  steak,  pound.  .  .  .24.8  34.2 

Round  steak,  pound.  .  .  .22.9  30.9 

Rib  roast,   pound 1S.3  26.6 

Chuck  roast,    pound.  .  .  .14.6  19.3 

Plate  beef,  pound 11.0  12.4 

Pork    chops,    pound 19.8  30.7 

Bacon,   pound 27.8  39.5 

Ham,  pound 27.3  50.8 

Leg  of  lamb,  pound.  .  .  .19.0  33.9 

Hens,   pound    18.0  31.8 

Fresh   milk,    quart 8.0  12.0 

Butter,  pound 33.3  46.4 

Cheese,  pound 19.5  28.5 

Fresh   eggs,    dozen 21.4  29.8 

Bread,  pound 5.5  9.3 

Flour,  pound    3.0  4.7 

Corn  meal,  pound 2.2  3.0 

Rice,  pound    8.4  9.3 

Potatoes,  pound 1.9  3.9 

Granulated  sugar,  pound  5.3  7.3 

Tea,  pound 55.0  67.5 

Coffee,  pound 24.3  34.7 

During  the  tame  period  the  price  of 
Pennsylvania  anthracite  coal  for  house- 
hold use  went  up  from  $7.74  to  $16,125 
a  ton  for  the  stove  size  and  from  $7.99 
to  $16.25  for  the  chestnut  size.  Bitum- 
inous coal  increased  from  $3,037  to 
$6,934. 


THE    CARPENTER 


23 


From  our  experience  in  meeting  the 
bills  for  the  family's  budget  we  think 
the  Government's  figures  very  conserva- 
1  v-e,  in  fact  we  find  that  some  of  the 
(  ommodities  listed  are  much  lower  than 
t  lie  average  householder  is  able  to  pur- 
chase them  in  these  days. 

Building  Outlook  for  1923  Is  Good 

What  are  the  prospects  for  building 
and  for  renting  in  1923?  This  question 
is  frequent  and  vital.  E.  J.  Brunner, 
editor  of  the  "American  Contractor," 
closely  in  touch  with  nation-wide  con- 
struction conditions,  lines  himself  up 
with  the  conservatively  optismistic  fac- 
tion. 

"There  is  no  use  ignoring  the  fact  that 
many  factors  have  to  be  taken  into  con- 
sideration in  making  any  prediction 
about  building  activity  for  the  coming 
year,"  says  Mr.  Brunner.  "Labor  costs 
and  material  costs  have  risen  to  the 
point  where  many  who  would  otherwise 
swell  the  volume  of  present  activity  are 
holding  off.  Some  sourly  predict  a  gen- 
eral debacle  of  the  building  industry 
and  would-  have  us  think  that  some 
mythologial  'rock  bottom'  is  going  to  be 
hit  with  a  dull  thud  before  general  ac- 
tivity starts.  Anything  is  possible,  of 
course,  but  to  make  a  debacle  in  the 
building  industry  possible,  there  must 
be  a  corresponding  smash  in  general 
business.  Without  such  a  general  smash 
there  is  sure  to  be  a  sizable  volume  of 
building  in  1923,  even  if  numbers  hold  off. 

"Let  us  look  briefly  to  the  fundamen- 
tal   conditions    underlying    construction. 

The  volume  of  contracts  awarded  in 
September,  1922,  is  the  highest  Septem- 
ber total  ever  recorded.  There  is  an 
alarming  scarcity  of  skilled  workers. 
Even  if  construction  in  1923  dwindles 
25  per  cent,  there  will  still  be  a  skilled 
labor  shortage  and  consequentyl  no  ex- 
pectation to  lowering  wage  scales  may 
be  expected.  The  trend  of  common  la- 
bor wages  is  upward,  due  to  demand. 
Steel  wages  have  increased  22  per  cent. 
That  shows  which  way  the  wind  is 
blowing. 

*      *      * 

A  Sick  Industrial  System 

Commenting  on  a  sick  industrial  sys- 
tem, G.  W.  Perkins,  in  the  Cigar  Mak- 
ers' Journal,  says  in  part: 

"All  agree  that  if  we  are  to  have  a 
really  worth  while  system  of  production 
and  distribution  incompetency,  misman- 
agement,   graft,    and    profiteering    must 


go.  We  find  some  among  the  workers 
who  would  entirely  destiny  the  whole 
present  system  of  production  and  distri- 
bution. All  of  those  who  profit  through 
the  advantage  secured  by  combination, 
exploiting  government  and  control  of 
capital,  through  the  credit;  system,  and 
other  simister  means,  are  satisfied. 
There  is  a  profound  and  intense  feeling 
and  determination  on  the  part  of  many 
among  the  workers  and  the  far-seeing, 
fair  employers  to  seek,  through  remedial 
measures  to  the  present  system,  to  build 
up  a  more  just  and  equitable  system, 
that  will  serve  the  best  interests  of  the 
workers,  the  fair-minded  employer  and 
the  general  public. 

"This  element  moreover  feel  that  no 
system  can  be  declaimed  incompetent  un- 
til after  fair  and  scientific  methods  are 
applied.  They  feel,  too,  that  if  this  is 
done  and  the  system  proves  inefficient 
it  will  fall  of  its  own  weight." 

The  remedy  which  will  help,  he- 
claims,  does  not  lie  nor  rest  in  the  hands 
of  the  few,  nor  does  it  rest  entirely  in 
the  hands  of  the  workers,  nor  entirely 
in  the  hands  of  the  manufacturers,  big 
interests  and  capitalists.  He  further 
says: 

"Those  who  are  constructionists,  who 
believe  in  building  up  before  we  start 
tearing  down,  should  co-operate  with 
fair-minded,  efficient,  competent  em- 
ployers in  the  effort  to  install  a  system 
of  production  and  distribution  such  as 
will  bring  about  the  following  funda- 
mentals. Efficiency  in  industry ;  scien- 
tific methods:  elimination  of  all  waste: 
elimination  of  incompetent  manage- 
ment; co-operation  of  willing  workers 
with  competent  management ;  service 
instead  of  excessive  profits ;  the  recog- 
nition of  brains  and  capacity  when 
rightfully  applied;  the  recognition  of 
the  fact  that  the  worker  is  entitled  to  a 
full  share  of  the  wealth  that  he  creates; 
and  a  determination  that  there  shall  be 
no  predatory  rich,  that  there  shall  be  no 
poverty  unless  self-imposed,  that  the 
profit  on  labor  and  brains  shall  be  fairly 
divided,  and  that  excess  profits  shall  go 
to  the  purchase 

to  the  purpose  of  creating  better  homes, 
better  life  for  the  toiling  masses,  devel- 
opment of  natural  resources  and  im- 
proved methods  of  production,  to  the 
end  that  all  who  work  and  toil  with 
hand  or  brain  may  enjoy  the  fullest 
measures  of  the  result  of  their  labor  and 
their  activities," 


Official  Information 


GENERAL  OFFICERS 

OF 

THE   UNITED   BROTHERHOOD 

OF 

CARPENTERS  AND  JOINERS 
OF  AMERICA 

General  Office 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

General  President 

WM.  L.  HUTCHESON 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 


First  General  Vice-President 

JOHN  T.   COSGROVB 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

Second  General  Vice-President 

GEORGE  H.  LAKEY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind. 

General  Secretary 

FRANK  DUFFY 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  lad. 


General  Treasurer 

THOMAS  NEALE 

Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Ind 


General  Executive  Board 
First  District,  T.  M.  GUERIN 
290  Second  Ave.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 


Second  District,  D.  A.  POST 
416  S.  Main  St.,  Wilkes-Barre,  Pa. 


Third  District,  JOHN  H.   POTTS 
646  Melish  Ave.,  Cincinnati,  O. 


Fourth  District,  JAMES  P.  OGLETREE 
Bradentown,   Fla. 


Fifth  District,  J.  W.  WILLIAMS 
3536  Wyoming  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Sixth  District,  W.  A.  COLE     • 
810  Merchants  National  Bank  Building 
San  Francisco,   Cal. 

Seventh  District,  ARTHUR  MARTEL 
1705  Chambord  St.,  Montreal,  Que.,   Can. 


WM.  L.  HUTCHESON,  Chairman 
FRANK  DUFFY,   Secretary 


All  correspondence  for  the  General  Executive 
Board  must  be  sent  to  the  General  Secretary. 


IMPORTANT  NOTICE 

We  are  continuously  having  numerous 
complaints  that  members  are  not  receiv== 
ing  our  official  Journal,  "The  Carpenter,'" 
and  upon  investigation  we  find  that  in. 
most  cases  it  arises  from  the  fact  that 
the  only  address  submitted  to  the  Gen= 
*ral  Office  is  "General  Delivery,"  anc* 
when  sent  this  way,  and  not  called  for, 
the  Postmaster  sends  same  back  to  this 
General  Office  at  quite  an  expense. 

We  must  therefore  insist  that  the  Fi- 
nancial Secretaries  of  each  and  every 
Local  get  the  correct  street  address  of 
every  member  of  his  Local  in  good  stand- 
ing who  does  not  receive  the  Journal, 
and  submit  same  to  the  General  Office 

Financial  Secretaries  will  also  take  in» 
to  consideration  that  it  is  necessary  toi 
call  attention  on  those  same  blanks  to  the' 
names  of  members  who  are  suspended 
and  granted  clearance  so  that  their 
names  can  be  erased  from  the  mailing 
list  in  the  town  or  city  in  which  their 
Local  is  located.  If  sufficient  blanks  are; 
not  furnished  at  any  time,  our  attention 
should  be  called  to  same  and  they  will! 
be  promptly  forwarded. 

We  must  also  insist  that  the  Financiall 
Secretaries  obtain  the  same  information 
from  all  members  newly  initiated  and! 
admitted  on  clearance,  together  with: 
those  who  have  changed  their  address,, 
and  forward  same  to  the  General  Office 
on  the  blanks  furnished  for  that  purpose 
each  and  every  month. 

We  also  desire  to  call  attention  to  the 
fact  that  it  is  not  necessary  to  furnish 
each  and  every  month  a  complete  roster 
of  your  membership,  and  their  addresses, 

only  changes  in  same  being  necessary. 

• 

NOTICE 
We  have  had  complaints,  from  time  to 
time,  from  several  of  our  advertisers 
that  they  receive  communications  from 
readers  of  our  Journal  relative  to  their 
advertisements  but  that  the  writers  fail 
to  give  any  address  to  which  to  reply. 
We  would  therefore  request  of  our  read= 
ers  that  they  be  careful,  in  writing  to 
advertisers,  to  supply  them  with  their 
full  name  and  address. 


THE     CARPENTER 


25 


Report  of   First   General   Vice=President 

John  T.  Cosgrove,  for  the  Third 

Quarter  Ending  September 

30,  1922 

Mr.  Wm.  L.  Hutcheson, 

General  President, 

U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Dear  Sir  and  Brother: 

Complying  with  the  provisions  of  the 
General  Constitution,  I  hereby  submit 
my  report  as  First  General  Vice-Presi- 
dent for  the  months  of  July,  August  and 
September,  or  the  third  quarter  of  the 
year  of  1922. 

During  this  period  the  major  portion 
of  my  time  was  spent  at  the  General 
Office  giving  attention  to  the  duties  of 
my  office  as  outlined  in  our  Constitution, 
and  in  addition  other  routine  matters  in 
connection  with  the  affairs  of  our  or- 
ganization, however,  a  portion  of  my 
time  was  spent  in  visiting  other  cities 
under  your  direction  and  handling  mat- 
ters that  were  of  importance  to  our 
Brotherhood  in  a  general  way,  and  act- 
ing under  your  instructions  I  proceeded 
to  San  Diego,  Cal.,  during  the  early  part 
of  August  to  attend  a  meeting  and  so- 
cial given  by  L.  U.  No.  1296  in  celebra- 
tion of  the  Forty-first  Anniversary  of 
our  Brotherhood  as  an  International  La- 
bor Organization.  Enroute  to  San  Diego 
I  stopped  off  at  Denver,  Colo.,  Salt  Lake 
City,  Utah,  and  San  Francisco  and  Los 
Angeles,  Cal.,  and  viewing  the  existing 
conditions  in  each  of  these  cities  as 
much  as  I  was  able  to  during  my  brief 
stay,  I  am  pleased  to  report  I  found 
everything  progressing  very  satisfac- 
torily. Denver,  according  to  the  state- 
ments of  the  local  officers  I  was  priv- 
ileged to  meet,  is  in  excellent  condition, 
and  our  District  Council  there  is  in  a 
position  to  meet  any  situation  that  may 
arise  and  adjust  it  in  a  manner  that  will 
be  found  to  the  best  interest  of  our 
members. 

In  Salt  Lake  City  I  was  privileged  to 
meet  General  Representative  Muir,  who 
was  then  devoting  his  time  to  an  organ- 
izing campaign  in  that  city,  the  results 
of  which  have  been  highly  satisfactory. 

At  San  Francisco  I  found  conditions 
improving  from  day  to  day,  notwith- 
standing the  efforts  of  the  Contractors' 
Association  to  institute  what  they 
termed  the  American  Plan  of  Employ- 
ment. My  brief  survey  of  conditions  in 
this  city  indicated  a  return  to  the  former 


union  conditions  our  members  enjoyed 
there  a  year  or  more  ago. 

In  Los  Angeles  I  found  the  condition 
of  our  organization  even  better  than  I 
had  expected,  and  the  officers  of  the 
District  Council  and  its  affiliated  Local 
Unions  constantly  putting  forth  a  de- 
voted effort  to  bring  about  a  100  per 
<:nt  organization  for  the  men  of  our 
craft  within  the  district. 

Space  will  not  permit  me  to  give  com- 
plete details  relating  to  all  the  various 
matters  discussed  while  on  my  western 
trip,  or  the  many  courtesies  extended 
me,  but  suffice  to  say  that  each  locality 
vied  with  the  other  in  endeavoring  to 
make  my  visit  as  enjoyable  as  possible 
under  the  circumstances,  and  I  take  this 
opportunity  to  express  my  thanks  to 
each  and  everyone  of  them  for  the  un- 
bounded hospitality  extended  me. 

I  also  found  it  necessary  to  visit  New 
Jersey  and  confer  with  General  Repre- 
sentative Quinn  in  connection  with  mat- 
ters relating  to  the  use  of  our  Label  on 
mill  products,  as  well  as  on  the  matter 
of  organizing  a  number  of  mills  in  Union 
County,  which  terminated  very  satis- 
factorily and  these  mills  have  since 
made  application  for,  and  been  granted 
the  use  of  our  Label. 

During  the  third  quarter  I  also  visited 
Toledo,  O.,  and  conferred  with  Business 
Agent  Kline  relative  to  some  contractors 
from  other  cities  that  were  employing 
non-union  carpenters  on  their  jobs  in 
Toledo.  Following  my  conference  with 
Brother  Kline  a  satisfactory  understand- 
ing was  reached  with  these  firms  where- 
by their  jobs  in  that  city  were  union- 
teed  for  our  members.  At  the  time  of 
my  visit  to  Toledo  the  Annual  Conven- 
tion of  the  Ohio  State  Council  of  Car- 
penters was  then  in  session  in  that  city, 
so  I  had  the  pleasure  of  attending  some 
of  the  sessions  of  this  Convention  and 
explaining  to  the  delegates  present  the 
affairs  of  our  organization,  and  the  ob- 
stacles we  had  been  endeavoring  to  over- 
come. 

During  the  past  quarter  I  have,  in 
addition  to  visiting  the  various  cities 
herein  mentioned,  passed  upon  eighty - 
eight  (88)  sets  of  By-Laws,  Trade  Rules 
and  Working  Agreements,  seventy-three 
(73)  of  which  were  received  from  Local 
Unions,  twelve  (12)  from  District  Coun- 
cils, two  (2)  from  State  Councils,  and 
one  (1)  from  a  Ladies'  Auxiliary  Union 
of  our  Brotherhood. 


26 


THE     CARPENTER 


I  have  also  issued  eighteen  hundred 
eighty-one  (1,881)  transfer  labels  and 
twenty-seven  (27)  rubber  mill  stamps 
during  the  past  three  months. 

Also  sixteen  (16)  firms  were  granted 
the  use  of  our  Label  during  the  third 
quarter,  who  had  not  used  same  on  their 
products  heretofore. 

Trusting  my  report  may  merit  your 
approval,  and  with  best  wishes,  and 
kindest  regards,  I  am, 

Yours  fraternally, 
JOHN  T.  COSGROVE. 
First  General  Vice-President. 


Report  of  Second  General  Vice=President 

George  H.  Lakey  for  the  Third 

Quarter  Ending  September 

30,  1922 

Mr.  Wm.  L.  Hutcheson, 

General  President, 

U.  B.  of  C.  &  J.  of  A., 
Carpenters'  Building, 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 
Dear  Sir  and  Brother: 

I  herewith  submit  my  report  for  the 
third  quarter,  July,  August  and  Septem- 
ber, 1922. 

Early  in  July  I  proceeded  to  Fort 
Wayne,  Ind.,  where  I  took  up  the  situa- 
tion with  our  Business  Agent  and  other 
officers,  relative  to  a  misunderstanding 
with  the  Piggly  Wiggly  Stores  Corpora- 
tion and  since  then  have  been  informed 
by  our  Business  Agent  that  the  subject 
matter  has  been  adjusted  satisfactorily. 

I  then  proceeded  to  Chicago  where  I 
attended  the  meeting  of  L.  U.  No.  58  and 
took  up  several  matters  of  interest,  with 
the  officers  of  the  Chicago  District 
Council. 

I  then  proceeded  to  Cleveland,  O., 
where  I  took  up  the  fireproof  or  hollow 
metal  trim  situation  with  our  represen- 
tative and  others,  and  on  account  of  the 
activities  of  those  who  oppose  our  claim 
of  jurisdiction  in  the  erection  of  this 
work  it  became  necessary  for  me  to  con- 
fer with  our  representatives  several 
times  during  the  last  quarter,  but  I 
am  satisfied  that  everything  that  can  be 
done  to  definitely  insure  this  work  for 
our  members,  is,  and  will  be  done. 

Early  in  August,  upon  invitation  of 
the  Tri-City  District  Council  I  attended 
and  spoke  at  a  celebration  meeting  and 
picnic  arranged  by  the  Council  in  honor 
of  the  Forty- first  Anniversary  of  our 
Brotherhood  (August  12th),  and  will 
say     the    meeting    was    splendidly    ar- 


ranged, well  attended  and  a  good  deal 
of  the  spirit  of  1881  displayed,  our  of- 
ficers and  members  being  alive  to  the 
interest  of  the  United  Brotherhood. 

I  then  visited  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  and 
Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  while  at  Memphis- 
attended  the  meeting  of  L.  U.  No.  345. 
Our  officers  and  members  are  taking  a 
lively  interest  in  our  affairs,  but  meet- 
ing with  considerable  opposition  which 
I  am  satisfied  they  will  successfully 
overcome. 

I  have  made  a  detailed  report  to  you' 
on  the  St.  Louis  situation,  and  again  in 
September  I  went  to  that  city,  held  a. 
conference  with  our  officers,  the  con- 
tractors and  others,  relative  to  the  fire- 
proof trim  situation.  I  have  also  made: 
a  detailed  report  to  you  on  this  situation 
and  it  is  my  understanding  you  are  deal- 
ing directly  with  it,  so  this  brief  men- 
tion will  suffice. 

During  the  interim  between  the  situa- 
tion reported  on  here  I  have  taken  up 
routine  matters  here  at  the  General  Of- 
fice and  pleased  to  report  that  our  power 
numerically  and  financially  is  improv- 
ing day  by  day.  Our  members  em- 
ployed, and  a  considerable  demand  for 
men  from  widely  scattered  districts,  in- 
dicating a  healthy  building  program  in 
full  swing. 

Thanking  you  and  my  colleagues  for 
the  splendid  support  given  me  during 
the  quarter,  I  am, 

Fraternally  yours, 

GEO.   H.   LAKEY, 
Second  General  Vice-President. 


Proceedings    of    the     Fourth     Quarterly 

Session,  1922,  of  the  General 

Executive  Board 

During  the  interim  between  the  third  and 
fourth  quarterly  sessions  of  the  General  Exe- 
cutive Board  the  following  matters  were  acted 
upon  by  correspondence  : 

July  6,   1922. 

Chicago,  111.,  L.  U.  2289.  (Boxmakers  and 
Sawyers.) — Movement  for  an  increase  in  wages 
from  35c  to  50c  per  hour  and  44  hours  per 
week,  effective  July  27,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted. 

July  17,   1922. 

Newton,  Mass.,  District  Council. — Movement 
for  an  increase  in  wages  from  90c  to  $1  per 
hour,  effective  August  2,  1922.  Official  sanc- 
tion granted. 

Otisville,  N.  Y.,  L.  TJ.  1041. — Movement  for 
an  increase  in  wages  from  75c  to  90c  per  hour, 
effective  August  6,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted. 

August  4,  1922. 

St.  Louis,  Mo.,  L.  U.  1560. — Movement  for 
renewal  of  agreement  (85c  per  hour),  effective 
September  20,  1922.  Official  sanction  granted ; 
financial   aid   to   be    considered   later,    in    such 


THE    CARPENTER 


27 


sums  as  the  funds  will  warrant,  as  reports  are 
made  to  the  General  Office. 

October  18,  1922. 

The  fourth  quarterly  session,  1922,  of  the 
General  Executive  Board  was  called  to  order 
on  the  above  date.     All  members  present. 

The  report  of  the  General  President  for  the 
third  quarter  of  the  year  was  received  and 
referred  to  the  General  Secretary  for  publica- 
tion in  "The  Carpenter." 

The  General  Executive  Board  in  considering 
the  action  of  the  Executive  Council  of  the 
A.  P.  of  L.  on  the  protest  of  the  United  Broth- 
erhood against  the  action  of  the  Building 
Trades  Department  in  calling  men  on  strike 
against  the  carpenters,  believes  that  if  a  con- 
ference be  held  to  bring  about  a  solution  of 
the  existing  controversy,  it  would  be  advisable 
to  hold  said  conference  in  Indianapolis  during 
the  present  session  of  the  General  Executive 
Board. 

That  part  of  the  General  President's  report 
relative  to  the  affiliation  of  the  United  Broth- 
erhood with  the  International  Wood  Workers' 
Union  was  given  consideration  by  the  General 
Executive  Board  after  which  action  was  de- 
ferred for  the  present. 

The  report  of  First  Vice-President  Cosgrove 
was  received  and  referred  to  the  General  Sec- 
retary for  publication  in  "The  Carpenter,"  as 
well  as  the  report  of  Second  General  Vice-Pres- 
ident Lakey. 

The  report  of  T.  Jackson,  delegate  to  the 
Convention  of  the  Canadian  Trades  and  Labor 
Congress,  held  in  the  city  of  Montreal,  Can., 
from  August  21st  to  2Gth,  was  received  and 
referred  to  the  General  Secretary  for  publi- 
cation in  "The  Carpenter." 

October  19,  1922. 

Toronto,  Ont.,  Can.,  District  Council. — An 
appropriation  of  $78  was  made  for  the  relief 
of  men  on  strike. 

Magna,  Utah,  L.  U.  No.  1984. — Request  for 
an  appropriation  of  $300,  to  be  expended  for 
organizing  purposes.     Request  denied. 

Seattle,  Wash.,  District  Council. — Request 
for  an  appropriation  of  $500,  to  be  expended 
for  organizing  purposes.  The  sum  of  $500  was 
appropriated,  to  be  spent  under  the  supervision 
of  the  General  President. 

Portland,  Ore.,  District  Council. — Request 
for  an  appropriation  of  $1,500  for  organizing 
purposes.  The  sum  of  $1,000  was  appropriat- 
ed, to  be  spent  under  the  supervision  of  the 
General  President. 

Bills  for  litigation  in  which  our  members 
were  involved  in  the  paper  makers'  strike  dur- 
ing the  years  1921-1922,  were  referred  to  the 
General  President  for  further  investigation  and 
when  satisfied  that  same  are  justified,  they  be 
allowed. 

Appeal  of  the  St.  Louis  District  Council 
from  the  decision  of  the  General  President  in 
the  case  of  the  Widmer  Engineering  Company 
job.  After  the  General  Executive  Board  con- 
sidered the  entire  file  of  data  on  this  matter 
the  decision  of  the  General  President  was  sus- 
tained on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal 
dismissed. 

Appeal  of  Ferd  Gagnon,  Chicago,  111.,  from 
the  decision  of  the  General  President  in  the 
case  of  Ferd  Gagnon  vs.  L.  U.  No.  434,  Chicago, 
111.  The  decision  of  the  General  President  was 
sustained  on  grounds  set  forth  therein  and 
appeal  dismissed. 

Goshen,  Ind.,  L.  U.  2371. — Movement  for  an 
increase   in   wages  from   65c   to   75c   per    hour, 


effective    October    20,    1922.      Official    sanction 
granted. 

Miami,  Okla.,  L.  U.  No.  1875. — Movement  to 
retain  same  scale  of  wages,  87Jc  per  boar, 
effective  October  29,  1922.  Official  sanction 
granted. 

San  Pedro,  Cal.,  L.  U.  No.  1140. — Requesting 
permission  to  circulate  an  appeal  for  financial 
assistance;  for  the  purpose  of  erecting  a  build- 
ing.    Request  denied. 

License  Certificate  No.  10002,  of  the  Indus- 
trfal  Board  of  Indiana  was  received  and  filed. 

Renewal  of  bond  of  General  Secretary  re- 
ceived and  referred  to  the  General  President 
for  safe  keeping. 

The  General  Executive  Board  considered  the 
proposition  as  presented  by  the  International 
Association  of  Machinists'  Publishing  Co.,  Inc., 
to  publish  a  book  on  Carpentry.  The  Board 
could  not  see  its  way  clear  to  accept  this  prop- 
osition. 

Appeal  of  Frank  Benton,  Otisville,  N.  Y., 
from  the  decision  of  the  General  Treasurer  on 
account  of  additional  disability  donation.  The 
decision  of  the  General  Treasurer  sustained  on 
grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  1947,  Thomasville,  Ga., 
from  the  decision  of  the  General  Treasurer  on 
account  of  disapproval  claim  for  wife's  funeral 
donation  in  the  case  of  A.  B.  Allen.  The  deci- 
sion of  the  General  Treasurer  sustained  on 
grounds  set  forth  therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  583,  Portland,  Ore.,  from 
the  decision  of  the  General  Treasurer  on  dis- 
approved claim  for  funeral  donation  on  the 
death  of  the  wife  of  Ivan  Ramsy.  T'.e  decision 
of  the  General  Treasurer  sustained  on  grounds 
set  forth  therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

Appeal  of  L.  U.  No.  1907,  Arkansas  City, 
Kan.,  from  the  decision  of  the  General  Treas- 
urer on  account  of  disapproved  claim  for 
funeral  donation  on  the  death  of  the  wife  of 
Oscar  Leo  Holland.  The  decision  of  the  Gen- 
eral Treasurer  sustained  on  grounds  set  forth 
therein  and  appeal  dismissed. 

The  request  of  L.  U.  No.  74,  Chattanooga, 
Tenn.,  was  referred  to  the  General  President 
for  investigation  and  action. 

October  20,  1922. 

The  regular  quarterly  audit  of  the  books  and 
accounts  was  taken  up  at  this  time  and  con- 
tinued throughout  the  day. 

October  21,  1922. 

Audit  of  books  and  accounts  continued. 

October  23,   1922. 

Audit  of  books  and  accounts  continued. 

October  24,  1922. 

Audit  of  books  and  accounts  continued. 

October  25,  1922. 

Audit  of  books  and  accounts  completed. 

Appeal  of  Mrs.  Mildred  Whited,  from  the 
decision  of  the  General  Treasurer  In  the  dis- 
approved claim  for  benefits  on  account  of  death 
of  her  husband,  Troy  R.  Whited,  L.  O.  No.  133, 
Terre  Haute,  Ind.  The  case  was  referred  back 
to  the  General  Treasurer  with  recommenda- 
tions to  reconsider  the  action  already  taken. 

The  following  District  Councils  and  Local 
Unions  made  full  accounting  for  appropriations 
made  for  relief  of  men  locked  out  or  on  strike. 
L.    U.    No.    1074,    Eau    Claire,    Wis., 

July  and  August   $      372.00 

L.    U.    No.    125,    Dtica,    N.    Y.,    May, 

June,   July   and   August 7,542.00 

Cincinnati,    O..    Hamilton    County    D. 

C,    May    and    August 131.50 


28 


THE    CARPENTER 


L.  U.  2064,  Manchester,  N.  II.,  March 

April,  Mav,  June  and  July 11,364.00 

L.   U.   No.   1779,   Calgary,   Alt.,   Can., 

May    51S.00 

Santa  Clara,  San  Jose,  D.  C,  Cal., 
February,  March,  April,  May, 
June,  July,  August  and  Septem- 
ber        36,706.00 

General  President  Hutcheson  informed  the 
General  Executive  Board  that  he  received  a 
telegram  from  President  Gompers  of  the  A.  F. 
of  L.  tha't  he,  with  a  committee  of  the  Vice- 
Presidents  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  would  be  in 
Indianapolis  on  October  26th  to  confer  with 
the  Board. 

L.  U.  No.  74,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.,  having 
ignored  the  orders  of  the  General  Executive 
Board,  the  General  President  is  authorized  to 
suspend  said  union  unless  said  orders  are  im- 
mediately complied  with. 

The  following  report  was   made  by  the  spe- 
cial committee : 
To    the    Members    of    the    General    Executive 

Board  : 
Gentlemen  : 

Your  committee  appointed  to  visit  the  safe 
deposit  vault  in  company  with  General  Treas- 
urer Neale,  report  that  we  found  the  following 
deposits  : 

U.    S.   CERTIFICATES    OF    INDEBTEDNESS 
1    No.    1949,    due    March    15,    1923, 

4£  %     $  50.000.00 

1  No.  1969,  due  June  15,  1923,  4|%    150,000.00 

Total $200,000.00 

U.    S.   LIBERTY   BONDS   BEARING    4£% 

9  Third   Issue  Coupon   Bonds,   $500 

each     $      4,500.00 

35  Third  Issue  Coupon  Bonds,  $100 

each   • 3,500.00 

3  Fourth  Issue  Coupon  Bonds,  $500 

each    1,500.00 

50    Second   Issue   Registered    Bonds, 

$1,000    each    50,000.00 

15    Third    Issue    Registered    Bonds, 

$5,000    each     75,000.00 

10  Fourth    Issue   Registered    Bonds, 

$10,000    each    100,000.00 

Total £234,500.00 

CANADIAN    VICTORY    BONDS    5£% 

25    $1,000   Bonds    $  25,000.00 

5   $5,000  Bonds    25,000.00 

Total $  50,000.00 

Grand  Total    $484,500.00 

NOTE — Two  $10,000  bonds,  ($20,000)  is  rep- 
resented by  receipt  from  George  V.  Tibbies, 
Clerk  Common  Pleas  Court,  Hamilton  County, 
O.,  as  an  attachment  bond  in  case  of  Cook  vs. 
United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners 
of  America. 

One  receipt  for  $500  Mail  Security  Postage. 
J.  W.  WILLIAMS, 
ARTHUR  MARTEL, 
W.  A.  COLE. 

Committee. 

October  26,  1922. 
President    Gompers    of   the    A.    F.    of   L.    ac- 
companied    by     Vice-Presidents     Rickert     and 
Fisher  and  Treasurer  Tobin  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 


held  a  lengthy  conference  with  the  General 
Executive  Board  on  the  relations' ip  of  the 
United  Brotherhood  with  the  Building  Trader 
Department  of  the  A.  F.  of  L. 

The  whole  matter  was  discussed  from  all 
angles  in  an  endeavor  to  reach  a  solution  of 
existing  difficulties  or  a  means  thereto,  after 
which  these  officers  assured  the  Board  that  the 
matter  would  receive  further  consideration  by 
the  Executive  Council  of  the  A.  F.  of  L.  at 
next  meeting  of  that  body. 

There  being  no  further  business  to  come  be- 
fore the  Board  the  minutes  were  read  and  the 
session   was   adjourned.      The  next   meeting   to 
be  held  commencing  January  10,   1923. 
Respectfully  submitted, 

FRANK  DUFFY,   Secretary. 

O- 

New  Loca!s   Chartered 

Hartford  and  Vicinity,   Vt. 

Monterrey,  N.  S.,  Mexico. 

Glen  Park,  N.  Y.  National  City,  Cal. 

Lakewood,   N.   J.  Saltillo  Coah.,  Mexico. 

Paso  Robles,  Cal.  Norfolk,  Va. 

Korse,  Tex.  Exeter,  Cal. 

Norfolk,    Conn. 

Total  11  Local  Unions. 

© 

Labor  Group  Chief  Dies  In  California 

John  I.  Nolan,  member  of  Congress 
from  San  Francisco,  Cal.,  died  recently 
after  several  months'  illness. 

Deceased  was  a  member  of  the  Mold- 
ers'  Union  and  for  several  years  was 
on  the  Executive  Board  of  the  interna- 
tional body.  He  was  Chairman  of  the 
House  Committee  on  Labor.  At  the 
last  election  he  wah  chosen  for  the  sixth 
consecutive  time. 

John  I.  Nolan  nev/er  lost  his  trade 
union  ideals.  Neither  did  he  forget  h'.s 
life  as  an  iron  molder  or  the  conditions 
that  confront  wage  workers.  Whether 
on  the  floor  of  the  House,  in  a  caucus 
room  or  in  committee  meeting  he  was 
John  I.  Nolan.  To  him  there  were  no 
"great"  men.  Outward  forms  were 
nothing  to  this  sturdy  trade  unionist 
and  true  type  of  Organized  Labor.  Be- 
cause he  faced  only  one  way  he  was 
respected  and  the  cause  he  represented 
was  advanced. 


Kindness 

One  never  knows 

How  far  a  word  of  kindness  goes  ; 

One  never  sees 

How  far  the  smile  of  friendship  flees. 

Down  through  the  years 

The  dead  forgotten  reappears. 

One  kindly  word 

The  soul  of  many  has  stirred. 

Man  goes  his  way 

And  tells  with  every  passing  day 

Until  life's  end 

"Once  unto  me  he  played  the  friend." 

We  cannot  say 

What  lips  are  passing  us  today. 

We  cannot  tell 

Whose  prayers  ask  God  to  guard  us  well. 

But  kindness  lives 

Beyond  the  memory  of  him  who  gives. 

— Edgar  A.  Guest  in  Seattle  Star. 


CorrospondoncQ 


Satisfactorily    Adjusted 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter": 

I  am  pleased  to  inform  you  personally 
and  through  you  the  members  of  your 
organization,  that  the  grievance  and 
misunderstanding  between  the  E.  C.  At- 
kins Saw  Company  of  Indianapolis, 
and  the  members  of  the  Metal  Polishers' 
International  Union,  has  been  satisfac- 
torily adjusted. 

The  E.  C.  Atkins  .Saw  Company  now 
employs  none  but  members  of  our  union, 
paying  the  union  rate  of  wages,  and 
granting  all  other  union  conditions,  and 
our  organization  would  be  pleased  if  you 
would  give  this  matter  publicity  through 
the  columns  of  "The  Carpenter,"  the  of- 
ficial Journal  of  the  United  Brotherhood 
of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America. 

Through  premature  action  on  the  part 
of  our  Local  Unions,  a  circular  had  been 
issued  giving  publicity  to  this  grievance 
which  should  not  have  gone  out,  and  we 
hope  by  this  means  the  unintentional  in- 
jury, if  any,  may  be  corrected. 

Our  organization  desire.;  to  thank  you 
personally,  Brother  Duffy,  for  your  as- 
sistance in  effecting  this  settlement  of 
the  controversy,  and  with  kindest 
wishes  for  the  continued  success  of  your 
organization,  we  remain, 

METAL   POLISHERS'    INTERNA- 
TIONAL UNION. 

Chas.  R.  Atherton,  General  Secretary. 


World's  Fair  Date  Postponed 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter"  : 

Please  give  all  publicity  possible  to 
the  fact  that  the  World's  Fair,  which 
has  been  planned  for  here  in  1925,  has 
been  postponed  until  1927. 

The  method  of  financing  has  not  been 
determined,  so  there  is  nothing  definite 
in  the  matter. 

For  the  last  year  we  have  had  many 
mechanics  come  here  to  build  the  Fair, 
and  many  of  these  men  have  used  the 
last  of  their  funds  to  get  here,  and  you 
know  from  past  experience  how  hard 
it  is  to  handle  such  an  unfortunate. 

We  have  used  our  best  efforts  to  care 
for  all,  but  are  at  the  point  where  this 
can  no  longer  be  done. 


Referring  to  statements  of  fabulous 
wages,  beg  to  advise  that  our  scale  is 
$7.20,  44  hours  per  week,  double  time 
for  overtime. 

Trusting  you  will  give  this  informa- 
tion to  those  affiliated  and  where  pos- 
sible to  all  the  branches  in  the  building 
trades,  I  beg  to  remain, 

Fraternally  yours, 
C.   W.   EATON,   Secy.-Treas., 
Carpenters'  District  Council,  Portland 
and  Vicinity. 


Let  Us  Hear  From  You  On  the  Following 
Proposition 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

L.  U.  No.  1387  at  the  Pennsylvania 
State  Council,  held  at  Wilkes  Barre, 
August,  1921,  presented  the  following 
resolution  pertaining  to  the  working 
card  and  the  rotten  practice  now  in 
vogue  of  charging  a  fellow  brother  so 
much  per  month  when  he  finds  it  nec- 
essary to  work  away  from  home. 

"That  the  General  Office  issue  a  uni- 
versal card  or  that  any  card  from  any 
Local  or  District  Council  from  whatever 
part  of  the  Brotherhood  be  recognized 
wherever  presented  without  any  charges 
being  made  for  a  local  permit  to  work." 

If  I  am  a  United  Brotherhood  member 
in  good  standing  in  Pennsylvania  and 
go  anywhere,  I  consider  myself  just  as 
good  a  member  as  the  Local  or  District 
that  charges  me  to  work  in  it  from  nec- 
essity and  very  poor  brotherly  feeling 
that  greets  me  with  the  expression  "so 
much  graft  per  month  or  you  won't 
work  here." 

Now,  as  I  have  heard  of  no  further  ac- 
tion being  taken  on  same,  please  print 
the  foregoing  in  the  Journal  and  have 
some  of  the  members  state  their 
opinions. 

Yours  fraternally, 
JAMES  H.   MURRAY,   Sec.-Treas. 

L.  U.  No.  1387.  Girardville,  Pa. 

• 

Would  Like  Union  Made  Tools 

Editor,  "The  Carpenter" : 

From  time  to  time  we  are  urged  in 
our  Journal,  to  demand  the  Union  Label 
on    everything    we    buy.      This    is,    of 


THE     CARPENTER 


course,  the  only  thing  to  do  for  every 
Union  man,  and  it  should  not  be  neces- 
sary to  have  to  call  their  attention  to 
anything  so  obvious. 

Some  of  the  members  of  L.  U.  No. 
14 SI  were  discussing  this  matter  at  one 
of  our  meetings,  and  the  question  was 
brought  up  of  which  brand  of  carpen- 
ter tools  is  Union  Made.  I  am  sorry  to 
state  that  none  of  us  had  ever  seen  a 
Union  Stamp  on  any  of  our  tools.  It 
was  then  suggested  that  we.  through 
"The  Carpenter,"  ask  our  members  for 
information  on  this  subject.  If  there  is 
no  Union  Made  tool  on  the  market,  then 
it  is  high  time  that  there  should  be.  It 
seems  only  fair  that  the  tools  we  are 
making  our  living  with  should  be  Union 
Made.  This  ought  to  be  a  good  thing 
for  some  live  tool  manufacturer,  let  him 
make  a  good  tool  and  put  the  Union 
Stamp  on  it,  and  of  course,  every  union 
man  would  buy  it. 

Hoping    that    this    may    start    some- 
thing, I  am,     Very  fraternally  yours, 
GEO.   MANNEE,   Bee.    Sec. 
L.  U.  No.  14 SI.                          Colusa,  Cal. 
e 

Now  You  Know  All  About  It 

A  gentleman  was  one  day  visiting  a 
lunatic  asylum,  and  whilst  walking  in 
the  grounds  he  met  a  patient  to  whom 
he  said: 

■'Well,  my  good  man,  and  how  did  you 
get  here ':  " 

The  lunatic  replied  as  follows: 

"Well,  sir,  you  see,  I  married  a  widow 
with  a  grown-up  daughter,  and  then  my 
father  married  that  same  stepdaughter, 
and  that  made  my  wife  the  mother-in- 
law  of  her  father-in-law,  and  my  father 
became  my  stepson. 

'Then  my  stepmother,  the  daughter 
of  my  wife,  had  a  son,  and  that  boy,  of 
course,  was  my  brother  because  he  was 
my  father's  son ;  but  he  was  also  the 
son  of  my  wife's  stepdaughter,  and 
therefore  her  grandson,  and  that  made 
me  grandfather  of  my  stepbrother. 

''Then  my  wife  had  a  son.  so  my 
mother-in-law,  the  stepsister  of  my  son, 
is  also  Ms  grandmother,  because  he  is 
her  stepson's  child;  my  father  Is  the 
brother-in-law  of  my  child,  because  his 
stepsister  is  his  wife;  I  am  the  brother 
of  my  own  son,  who  is  also  the  son  of 
my  stepgrandmother:  I  am  my  mother's 
brother-inlaw ;  iny  wife  is  her  own 
child's  aunt;  my  son  is  my  father's 
nephew ;  and  I  am  my  own  grandfather. 

"That's  why  I'm  here,  sir!" 


Information  Wanted 
Any  one  knowing  of  the  whereabouts 
of  Walter  Tanden  Berg,  last  known  ad- 
dress 3422-A  19th  St..  San  Francisco, 
Cal.,  kindly  advise  L.  Yanden  Berg,  112 
Pvemyone  St.,  Kalamazoo,  Mich. 
*      *      * 

Albert  C.  Gould,  who  is  shown  in  the 
accompanying  cut,  was  last  heard  of 
in   Los   Angeles,   Cal.     He  is   39   years 

old;    height,    5    ft.    9    in.:    weight,    175 


pounds ;  complexion  fai 
has  a  tatoo  mark  of 
Liberty"    on    right    for< 
knowing  of  his  wherea 
vise   Mrs.    Kittle   Hay, 
Ave.,  Kansas  City,  Mo. 


rj  blue  eve  *• 


To  My  .Mother 
I  would  give  yon  the  worlds  that  move  through- 
out space, 
I  would  give  you  the  sun,  moon  and  stars ; 
I  would  build  you  a  castle  of  silver  and  gold 

And  bank  it  with  sweet  blooming  flowers. 
I  would  crown  you  with  greatness,  with  wealth, 
and  with  fame. — - 
I  would  make  all  things  bend  to  your  laws ; 
I   would   give   you    all   these,    everything   that 
would  please, — 
If  I  — a;  -.--  Si—i  C'l;.--:. 

—By  T.  E.  Gilbert. 


Casual  Comment 


A  Merry  Christmas  and  A  Bright  and 
Prosperous  New  Year  to  all  members  of 
the  United  Brotherhood. 

*  *      * 

We  have  come  out  of  the  fight  with 
the  "open  shoppers"  with  colors  flying 
and  we  should  now  use  our  every  en- 
deavor towards  getting  that  500,000  we 
are  after. 

*  *      * 

In  this  era  of  "deflation"  and  "econ- 
omy" it  is  interesting  to  read  the  action 
of  Congress  in  increasing  the  pay  of  re- 
tired Army  and  Navy  officers.  Yet,  civil 
employes  of  the  Federal  Government 
were  told  it  would  be  idle  to  expect  an 
increase  in  retirement  pay  at  this  time. 

All  the  little  pets  of  capitalism  are  go- 
ing to  be  fed  up  big  on  the  increased 
profits  that  will  come  to  them  through 
the  passage  of  Congress  of  the  Fordney- 
McCumber  Tariff  Bill. 

The  railroads  made  a  loud  noise  about 
protecting  the  men  who  remained  at 
work  when  the  strike  was  called.  This 
was  done  with  the  idea  in  mind  to  wipe 
out  the  principles  of  seniority,  so  that 
when  it  suits  their  purpose  they  can 
weed  out  those  workers  most  active  in 
the  protection  of  rights  of  their  fellow 
employes.  This  would  punish  the  most 
independent,  forceful  workers  and  in- 
timidate others. 

If  men  paid  dues  as  freely  and  with 
such  good  will  as  they  pocket  the  bene- 
fits of  organization,  there  would  be  no 
strikes  to  speak  of,  and  all  unions  could 
dispense  with  the  services  of  organizers. 

*  *      * 

Herrin,  111.,  was  put  on  the  map  with 
a  bang  and  offered  to  the  Dollar  Barons' 
mouthpiece  an  opportunity  to  spill  a  lot 
of  verbal  slime  on  the  miners  and  their 
organization. 

The  "Western  Banker"  of  Omaha 
comes  out  editorially  discouraging  co- 
operative banks.  The  argument  of  the 
"Western  Banker"  against  the  plan 
marks  the  recognition  of  the  banking 
business  that  collective  banking  is  a 
menace  to  the  old  idea.  Collective  bank- 
ing is  only  another  step  forward. 


Co-operation  is  the  best  means  that 
may  be  employed  today  by  the  consum- 
ers to  do  away  with  the  special  privilege 
of  the  moneyed  aristrocracy  and  the 
profiteering  of  the  private  tradesmen. 

*  *      * 

"Lawless  Courts"  is  Senator  Robin- 
son's characterization  of  the  Federal 
Court  of  Chicago  because  of  its  issuance 
of  a  temporary  injunction  against  the 
striking  shopmen  in  response  to  the  re- 
quest of  Attorney  General  Daugherty. 

*  *      * 

Not  satisfied  with  demanding  an  in- 
junction that  denies  constitutional 
rights,  the  Attorney  General  notified  big 
business  that  it  could  depend  on  him  to 
fight  for  the  anti-union  shop.  While  no 
one  ever  doubted  the  position  of  Mr. 
Dougherty,  he  clinched  the  matter  by 
making  it  a  matter  of  record. 

*  *      * 

The  bituminous  coal  profiteers  are 
robbing  the  people  of  the  country  at  the 
rate  of  a  billion  dollars  a  year,  and 
neither  Congress  nor  the  executive 
shpws  a  disposition  to  effectively  inter- 
fere. 

*  *      * 

Now  it  comes  out — through  an  inter- 
view with  Mr.  Warfield — that  the  steel 
trust  made  its  recent  raise  of  wages  to 
prevent  steel  employes  from  accepting 
employment  with  the  railroads. 

*  *      * 

It  seems,  therefore,  that  the  old  adage 
— that  it's  an  ill  wind  that  blows  nobody 
good — is  again  vindicated.  But  will  the 
raise  stick — or  will  Gary  cut  his  slaves 
down  again,  now  that  the  rail  strike  is 

settled? 

*  *      * 

The  railway  shop  crafts  have  been 
forced  to  take  a  34  per  cent  reduction  in 
wages  within  one  year.  The  Govern- 
ment gives  the  railroads  a  bonus  of  hun- 
dreds of  millions  of  dollars  and  a  guar- 
antee of  profits  on  top  of  the  bonus. 

*  *      * 

Thanks  to  the  strikes  and  the  poli- 
tical campaigns,  the  administration 
adroitly  shifted  public  interest  from  the 
war  fraud  profiteers  whom  Attorney 
General  Daugherty  promised  to  prose- 
cute when  threatened  with  impeach- 
ment. 


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34 


THE     CARPENTER 


As  we  understand  it,  an  injunction  is 
the  last  aid  a  capitalist  administration 
can  give  to  those  who  invested  money 
in  it  when  the  latter  are  in  distress. 

*  *      * 

Now  we  have  it  on  the  authority  of 
no  less  a  personage  than  the  Attorney 
General  of  these  United  States  himself 
that  there  was  grafting  during  the  war, 
and  that  he  knows  the  grafters  by  their 
first  names.  What  the  public  wants  to 
know,  however,  is  the  number  on  their 

prison  jackets. 

*  *      * 

We  are  not  among  those  who  take  a 
hopeless  view  of  life  under  the  new 
tariff.  Doubtless  we  shall  have  to  eat 
less  and  reduce  our  clothing,  but  every- 
one should  be  willing  to  make  some  sac- 
rifices in  order  that  our  profiteers  and 
our  monopolies  may  survive  and  flourish. 

Living  costs  are  going  up  and  will 
unquestionably  continue  to  increase  as  a 
result  of  the  new  tariff  which  will  give 
the  profiteers  another  excuse  for  raising 
prices. 

*  *      * 

Just  because  employment  is  on  the 
increase  is  no  reason  for  crowing  about 
"good  times."  It  is  when  all  wage  earn- 
ers are  employed  and  receiving  "good 
wages,"  that  real  prosperity  will  be  in 
evidence. 

*  *      * 

While  millions  of  wage  earners  are 
idle  the  congressional  skids  are  being 
greased  to  slide  through  amendments  to 
the  immigration  law  that  will  permit  the 
flooding  of  the  United  States  with 
European  cheap  labor. 

*  *      * 

Once  more  is  America  saved.  The 
New  York  State  Chamber  of  Commerce 
has  formally  accepted  and  approved  the 
original  idea  advanced  by  one  of  its 
committees  that  not  only  must  every 
alien  on  arriving  in  this  country  be 
finger-printed,  but  every  American  citi- 
zen as  well. 

*  *      * 

It  may  be  taken  for  granted  that  the 
coming  year  will  see  another  decided  up- 
swing in  the  movement  to  more  thor- 
oughly organize  the  Workers  of  the  na- 
tion in  order  to  safeguard  and  perpet- 
uate American  standards  of  working  and 
living. 

*  *      * 

The  decreases  in  union  membership 
were  infinitesimal  compared  to  the  hun- 


dreds of  millions  of  dollars  that  were 
wasted  in  the  union  smashing  adventure 
of  the  "open  shop,"  for  when  labor  or- 
ganizations were  compelled  to  accept 
losses  at  certain  points  they  were  bal- 
anced by  gains  at  other  places. 

It  is  rumored  around  the  capital  that . 
if  the  ship  subsidy  bill  should  become  a 
law  a  group  of  men  would  purchase  all 
the  ships  of  the  Government,  create  a 
shipping  corporation  and  then  sell  stock 
to  a  gullible  public. 

*  ♦      * 

The  worker  who.  goes  to  market  and. 
pays  a  high  price  for  fruit,  vegetables 
and  meat  would  be  astounded  if  he 
knew  just  how  little  of  that  high  price 
reaches  the  farmer,  who  owns  the  land 
upon  which  these  things  are  raised,  and 
whoh  puts  hours  of  toil  in  their  produc- 
tion. 

Talk  about  Government  ownership  of 
railroads !  The  United  States  Govern- 
ment is  the  iargest  single  holder  of  rail-' 
road  securities.  Its  loans  and  advances 
to  the  railroads  now  total  $1,500,000,* 
000,  or  about  one- twelfth  of  the  total 
extimated  value  of  the  railroads  of  the 
country. 

A  letter  recently  sent  around  the 
world  required  2,196  hours.  If  you  di- 
vide that  you  will  find  that  it  means 
91%  days.  That  is  just  about  as  much 
time  as  it  takes  a  few  Financial  Secre- 
taries to  get  us  their  monthly  reports. 

*  *      * 

If  all  working  people  were  as  willing 
to  work  in  the  labor  movement  for  gen- 
eral betterment  as  most  of  them  are  to 
work  for  some  boss  to  secure  individual 
preferment,  even  the  self-seekers  would 
in  the  course  of  years  be  far  ahead. of 
what  most  of  them  get  as  a  result  of 
trying  to  hog  things  for  themselves  re- 
gardless of  what  happens  to  the  other 
fellow. 

*  *      * 

Part  of  Mr.  Daugherty's  ailment  is 
undoubtedly  the  delusion  of  grandeur. 
He  has  suddenly  come  to  regard  him- 
self as  the  heroic  champion  of  the  "open 
shop"  and  has  muddled  the  entire  rail- 
road situation  in  an  endeavor  to  give  his 
personal  economic  theories  the  force  of 
law.  We  would  recommend  the  At- 
torney General  to  take  an  hour  or  two 
off  and  read  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States. 


WEAR  The  UNIQUE  And  HANDY 

Reversible 
Brotherhood  Fob 


A  most  convenient,  and  ar- 
tistic fob.    Shows  Union  Labe 
on  one  side  and  Emblem  on  the 
other,   both   beautifully  enam- 
eled in  correct  colors. 

Advertise  Our  Label 

Made  in  rich  art  grey  finish 
— the  latest  and  most  sought 
after  novelty  in  men's  wear. 


The  price 
is  but 


50 


cents 
each 


:Q 


In  accordance  with 
the  action  of  our 
last  General  Conven 
tion  to  more  exten- 
sively advertise  our 
Union  Label  this 
beautiful    fob    is 

brought  out  to  be  sold  at  a  popular  price,  thereby  enabling  us 

to  make  a  widespread  distribution. 

Send  all  orders  with  remittance  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary 

Carpenters'  Building,  222  E.  Michigan  St., 
Indianapolis,  Ind. 


TradQ  Notos 


There  was  a  meeting  of  L.  U.  No.  533 
at  Jeffersonville  on  Friday.  October 
13th,  -which  will  no  doubt  make  history. 
We  believe  this  Is  the  first  time  in  the 
history  of  the  Brotherhood,  when  the 
contractors  and  the  union  got  together 
on  a  basis  of  perfect  equality  in  an 
open  meeting,  to  discuss  the  affairs  mu- 
tually profitable  to  them.  Mr.  Clarence 
Howard,  one  of  the  leading  contractors 
of  Jeffersonville  and  Brother  Frank 
Duffy.  General  Secretary,  were  the 
principal  speakers,  and  both  spoke  at 
length  and  with  great  fairness  on  the 
building  business  as  it  affected  carpen- 
ters and  was  affected  by  them.  This 
meeting  was  one  of  the  most  enjoyable 
it  has  ever  been  our  privilege  to  attend, 
and  the  brothers  who  missed  this  meet- 
ing have  something  to  regret. 
*      *      * 

L.  U.  No.  1055  of  Lincoln,  Neb.,  ad- 
vises that  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  of 
that  place  is  advertising  broadcast  for 
carpenters,  using  the  new  State  Capitol 
as  a  drawing  card.  As  the  Local  is  still 
in  the  same  position  with  the  local  con- 
tractors as  they  were  in  April.  1921,  it 
would  be  only  fair  to  the  Local  that 
members  of  the  United  Brotherhood  take 
no  notice  of  these  advertisements. 


3 


Foreign  Labor  Notes 

Nearly    1.500.000    people    are   idle    in 

England. 

*  *      * 

Textile  workers  in  Germany  are  de- 
manding a  35  per  cent  wage  increase. 

*  *      * 

Wages  of  flax  workers  in  Belfast,  Ire- 
land, have  been  reduced  5  per  cent. 

*  *      * 

Australian  statistics  show  that  the 
workers  lost  $6,150,000  in  wages  by 
554  industrial  disputes  during  1920. 

*  *      * 

One  hundred  and  eleven  employes  of 
the  Italian  state  railways  who  took  part 
in  the  last  general  strike  were  dismissed. 

*  *      * 

Announcement  is  made  that  more 
than  20,000  German  Government  rail- 
way and  postal  employes  are  to  be  dis- 
missed in  the  intrest  of  economy. 


The  shoeworkers  in  Australia  are  now 
working  a  44-hour,  five-day  week  with 
no  work  on  Saturday.  The  system  is 
working  satisfactory  to  all  concerned. 

*  *      * 

The  cotton  industry  of  England  em- 
ploys considerably  more  women  than 
men. 

*  *      * 

Women  fan  makers  in  Spain  receive 
about  35c  a  day. 

*  *      * 

Not  one  person  in  a  hundred  is  unem- 
ployed in  Germany. 

*  *      * 

Unemployment  doles  in  Switzerland 
will  in  future  vary  with  the  cost  of  liv- 
ing in  each  district. 

*  *      * 

The  strike  of  the  port  workers  at 
Havre,  France,  was  declared  off  and  the 
strikers  returned  to  work. 

*  *      * 

In  Great  Britain  the  report  of  the 
chief  inspector  of  factories,  just  issued, 
shows  that  without  any  legal  enactment 
the  eight-hour  day.  or  even  an  improve- 
ment upon  it  has  been  won  by  the 
trade  unions  or  the  trade  boards. 

*  *      * 

Great  Britain's  entire  industrial  sit- 
uation has  been  affected  by  the  unex- 
pected American  demand  for  coal.  The 
textile  and  iron  and  steel  industries  feel 
an   increased    prosperity    and    are    more 

optimistic. 

*  *      * 

Labor  agitation  is  increasing  in  India, 
due,  it  is  believed,  to  the  efforts  of  the 
extremists  to  increase  unrest.  No  real 
grievance  concerning  either  pay  or  labor 
conditions  existed  in  most  of  the  many 

disputes. 

*  *      * 

The  British  Trade  Union  Congress 
turned  down  the  proposal  for  a  labor 
general  staff  for  strike  purposes.  For 
more  than  a  year  the  radicals  have  been 
agitating  for  the  creation  of  such  a  staff, 
the  idea  being  that  it  would  have  the 
power  to  call  a  general  strike  to  support 
any  particular  industry. 


THE    CARPENTER 


Winter    Months    Offer    Bargain    Counter 
To  Builders 

More  Americans  are  flocking  to  the 
building  bargain  counter  this  fall  than 
at  any  time  since  the  war  halted  home 
construction.  Contractors  and  archi- 
tects, usually  the  first  to  feel  the  ap- 
proach of  cold  weather  with  a  slump  in 
business,  report  a  steadily  increased 
volume  of  inquiries  and  city  officials  are 
writing  more  permits  for  erection  of 
homes. 

Men  in  the  building  industry,  from 
material  manufacturer  to  carpenter  and 
mason,  have  long  known  the  economic 
advantage  of  building  in  the  "slack  sea- 
son." For  several  years  the  industry 
has  waged  a  steady  campaign  to  bring 
this  fact  before  the  public  and  spread 
the  congested  activity  of  a  few  months 
over  the  entire  year. 

.  When  the  greater  portion  of  building 
is  crowded  into  seven  months,  prices 
reach  their  highest  in  the  spring  and 
summer  when  the  demand  crowds  sup- 
ply. The  same  situation  obtains  in  the 
labor  phase  of  the  work. 

By  building  in  the  fall  and  as  far  as 
possible  into  the  winter,  this  demand  is 
more  nearly  proportioned  among  12 
months  of  the  year ;  mills  and  factories 
are  able  to  maintain  a  steadier  flow  of 
production ;  raw  material  is  stabilized ; 
workmen  are  not  shifting  jobs  so  often, 
and  the  contractor  and  architect  are 
able  to  keep  their  basic  organizations 
intact,  thus  decreasing  overhead  ex- 
penses and  assuring  more  satisfactory 
and  efficient  work. 

Men  in  the  industry  see  in  this  au- 
tumn's increased  building,  the  prospect 
of  a  broadening  of  the  old  short  season 
and  a  consequent  stabilization  of  build- 
ing costs,  estimating  that  the  certain 
success  of  the  home  owners  who  are 
building  this  winter  will  prompt  many 
others  to  take  the  step  in  succeeding 
seasons. 


The  manufacturers  of  cement  partic- 
ularly have  wages  steady  campaigns  on 
this  one  subject,  in  perfecting  methods 
of  using  their  product  in  cold  weather  to 
the  best  advantage,  and  to  bring  a  reali- 
zation of  the  savings  to  be  effected  be- 
fore the  public. 

That  such  campaigns  have  borne  fruit 
is  evidenced  in  reports  for  proposed  con- 
struction from  many  cities  which  show 
a  greater  volume  of  all  classes  of  build- 
ings on  the  books  for  fall  and  winter 
than  ever  before. 


A  Snappy   Comeback 

The  Secretary  had  written  to  a  broth- 
er that  he  had  advanced  the  last  pay- 
ment for  him  and  unless  he  came  aero,  s 
with  some  coin,  he  would  be  suspended. 
The  Secretary  received  the  following 
reply : 

"Dere  Seccy terry — I  got  your  leter 
about  what  I  owe  you.  Now  be  pachunt. 
I  aint  forget  you.  Plees  wate.  When 
sum  fools  pay  me  I  pay  you.  If  this 
wuz  judgement  day  and  you  wuz  no 
more  prepaired  to  meet  your  Maker  as 
I  am  to  meet  your  account  you  sure 
would  have  to  go  to  hel.  Trusting  you 
wnl  do  this,  I  am." 


Old  Darkey's  Advice 

Don't  be  what  you  ain't ; 

Jes'  be  what  you  is. 
If  you  is  not  what  you  am, 

Then  you  am  not  what  you  is. 
If  you're  just  a  little  tadpole, 

Don't  try   to  be  a  frog  ; 
If  you're  just  the  tail. 

Don't  try  to  wag  the  dog. 
You  can  always  pass  the  plate. 

If    you    can't   exhort    and   preach. 
If  you're  just  a  little  pebble. 

Don't  try  to  be  the  beach. 
Don't  be  what  you  ain't, 

Jes'  be  what  you  is. 


A  genuine  trades-unionist  always 
thinks  well  of  himself  and  proclaims 
this  fact  to  the  world  by  his  support  of 
the  Union  Label,  shop  card  and  working 
button. 


Members  of  L.  U.  No.  71,  Ft.  Smith,  Ark.,  who  took  part  in  the 
Labor  Day  Celebration. 


Craft  ProblQms 


Dovetail  and  Other  Joints 

(By  Owen  B.  Maginnis.) 
Every  carpenter  and  joiner  should  be 
able  to  make  dovetail  joints,  but  many 
don't!  At  the  outset  let  me  state  that 
perfect  dovetailing  is  regarded  as  the 
acme  or  highest  point  of  the  cabinet 
maker's  or  joiner's  craft  and  is  often 
the  test  in  examinations  for  the  skill  and 
■accurate  workmanship  for  city  and  state 
positions,  so  that  it  seems  to  me  worthy 
<of  a  short  article. 


Fig.  1 — Dovetails,  Etc.,  Joints. 


Tf  properly  and  skillfully  made  a 
dovetail  joint  needs  no  nails  to  hold  it 
together,  nor  to  bring  the  parts  to  close 
joints,  but  in  order  to  do  this  method 
must  be  followed  for  instance. 


Eig.  2. 
First  the  stuff  must  be  faced  up  true, 
^straight  and  out  of  wind,  using  the  fore- 


plane  or  jointer  and  in  making  boxes, 
drawers,  chests,  etc.,  the  face  side  will 
always  be  made  the  inside  and  the  face 
edge  the  bottom  edge. 


Plenty  of  pins  or  dovetails  is  best  and 
a  very  good  rule  in  soft  wood  is,  to 
space  them  not  less  than  1%  to  2%  in. 
from  center  to  center,  for  the  hardwood 
they  should  be  still  closer. 

In  setting  out  the  pins  as  in  Fig.  1  or 
rather  into  which  the  pins   fit,   a  half 


Fig.  4. 


Our   Last   General   Convention 

recommended    that    we 

Advertise    Our    Label    More    Extensively 

In  pursuance  with  instructions  of  the  Twentieth  General 
Convention,  that  intensive  advertising  of  the  Union  Label  of 
the  United  Brotherhood  of  Carpenters  and  Joiners  of  America 
be  inaugurated,  and  the  appreciation  of  the  fact  that  continuous 
and  cumulative  publicity  is  the  best  asset,  we  have  concluded 
that  no  better  medium  could  be  employed  than  HIGH  GRADE 

PLAYING  CARDS 

(Illustration  below) 


We  want  to  get  the 
advertising  of  our 
Label  in  hundreds  of 
thousands  of  homes, 
as  well  as  clubs,  etc. 
It  is  an  indisputable 
fact  that  a  depend- 
able grade  of  play- 
ing cards  with  "ad" 
on  back,  carries  the 
message  of  PUB- 
LICITY —  not  for  a 
day — but  IMPRES- 
SIVELY and  for  in- 
definite period. 
With  our  four  hun- 
dred thousand  mem- 
bers to  use  and  dis- 
tribute the  adver- 
tisement that  these 
cards  carry,  wonder- 
ful results  will  be 
achieved. 

You  won't  have  to 
apologize  for  the 
quality  of  the  Broth- 
erhood playing 
cards. 


AND  JOINERS  OF  AMERICA. 


'V3IM3WVJ0  SH3NI0P  QMV 


The  cards  will  be 
furnished  in  either 
(or  both)  regular 
and  pinochle  decks. 

Local  Unions  are 
urged  to  carry  a 
supply  of  cards  on 
hand  to  meet  de- 
mands at  all  times. 

We  hope  our  entire 
membership  will  in- 
terest themselves  in 
seeing  that  their 
friends  use  Brother- 
hood cards. 

There  is  but  a  small 
percentage  of  people 
who  don't  use  play- 
ing cards  for  inno- 
cent amusement, 
hence  the  opportun- 
ity is  big  for  adver- 
tising our  Label 
through  this  me- 
dium. 


The  Price  Is  Forty-five  Cents  Per  Deck 

(Regular  and  Pinochle) 

and  please  bear  in  mind  that  we  are  furnishing  a  grade  of  cards 
fully  commensurate  with  the  price.  The  General  Office  sells  the 
cards  at  less  than  cost. 

Send  orders,  accompanied  by  remittance,  to 

FRANK  DUFFY,  General  Secretary, 
Carpenters'  Building,  Indianapolis,  Indiana. 


40 


THE     CARPENTER 


dovetail  must  be  placed  or  laid  out  at  the 
top  and  bottom  as  shown  at  Fig.  1.  and 
the  intermediate  tails  brought  almost  to 


^m 


Fig.    5 — Dovetail    or    Toggle    Joints 
Circular  or  Gothic  Doors  and 
Windows.  Etc. 


for 


an  extreme  point  or  V,  as  B-B-B,  etc. 
The  bevels  should  not  have  too  much 
slope.  ys  of  &n  inch  for  %  stuff,  *4  for 
%  or  1^4  stuff,  ¥s  for  %  or  %  in.  scant- 
lings or  boards. 

To   mark  out  the  pins   nail  or  clamp 
one  pair   or   two   pair  together   and    set 


X 


Fig.    6 — Halved  Joints    or   Splices   Used 
to  Lengthen  Heavy  Timbers. 

them  in  the  bench  vice  and  square  across 
the  ends,  carefully  spacing  out  the  neat 


size  of  each  with  one  or  two  pair  of 
compasses  so  all  the  pins  and  their  mor- 
tises will  be  alike  and  coincide  and  fit 
neatly  into  each  other  in  the  way  rep- 
resented in  Figs.  1  and  2. 

For  drawer  fronts  a  strip  is  left  in 
front  and  the  pins  are  dovetails  only  go 
through  %  of  the  stuff  so  as  to  show 
a  clear  front  unmarred  surface,  but  for 
boxes  and  chests  they  pass  clear  through 
as  shown  in  the  sketches  in  Figs.  1 
and  2. 

Blind,  secret  or  mitred  dovetailing 
shown  in  Fig.  3  is  not  much  employed 
on  account  of  the  time  and  expense  these 
joints  entail  as  seen  at  the  bottom,  the 
usual  drawer  joint  being  as  seen  on  the 
top  in  this  figure  and  in  Fig.  4  are  seen 
how  the  pieces  are  wrought  with  a  back 
saw  in  the  bench  vice. 


A  Tetrahedron 

You  "will  find  enclosed  a  picture  of  a 
Tetrahedron.  In  looking  over  an  old 
paper  of  the  American  Carpenter  and 
Builder,  were  some  answers  to  Mr. 
Davis'  problem,  to  cut  a  piece  of  wood 
or    other    material    of    four    equal    sides 


having  four  inches  on  each  side  each 
way.  I  took  a  piece  of  blind  stop  and 
framed  it,  the  sides  are  12  in.  each  way. 
I  would  like  to  see  it  in  "The  Carpen- 
ter" and  have  some  of  the  younger  class 
frame  one. 

Fraternally  yours, 

M.M.   PHELPS,  Treas. 

L.  U.  No.  807. 


THE    CARPENTER 


41 


On  the  Resilence  of  Timber 

The  term  "resilience"  is  defined  in 
dictionaries  as  "The  act  of  resiling  or 
rebounding" — the  rebound  from  being 
elastic  therefore,  when  wood  or  timber 
is  resilient  it  is  inclined  to  and  will  re- 
sile or  rebound. 

Almost  all  experienced  carpenters, 
joiners  and  woodworkers  are  aware  of 
this  property  or  rather  faculty  of  the 
woods,  without  being  closely  familiar 
with  its  action,  so  we  will  endeavor  to 
explain  it  practically  to  a  limited  extent. 

At  the  outset  let  me  ask  our  readers 
if  they  have  ever  noticed  or  observed  the 
movements  of  a  tall,  slender  tree,  or  in 
fact  any  tree  or  trees  while  a  moderate 
heavy  wind  was  blowing,  especially  in 
gusts  or  squalls.  If  any  did,  they  will 
doubtless  remember  that  under  the  pres- 
sure of  the  wind  the  tree  and  its  trunk 
bends  over  or  yields  to  the  force  exerted 
upon  it  directly  in  proportion  to  the 
amount  of  leaves  or  foliage  which  it  con- 
tains. If  the  leaves  be  thick  and  dense 
it  will  bend  and  yield  continuously  to 
the  wind  until  it  ceases  to  blow  or  mod- 
erates, when  up  and  back  it  will  swing 
or  oscillate  to  and  fro  until  it  comes  to 
a  complete  rest  in  the  vertical  position 
which  it  was  in  before  the  wind  dis- 
turbed it. 

The  swaying  of  trees,  plants  and 
shrubs  is  entirely  due  to  the  resilient 
nature  and  qualities  contained  in  their 
stems  and  trunks  and  might  perhaps  be 
termed  elasticity,  but  I  prefer  the  word 
resilience  in  its  application  to  Avood  and 
steel  as  a  more  appropriate  appelation, 
because  our  material  is  not  elastic 
lengthways  like  rubber. 

Let  readers  then  observe  the  grand 
manner  in  which  a  lofty  oak,  pine  locust, 
redwood  or  spruce  tree  will  bend  to  the 
blast  and  proudly  raise  itself  erect  sway- 
ing back  and  forth,  defying  wind  and 
storm  by  the  resilient  nature  of  its 
woody  fibres.  The  wind  may  make  them 
bow  their  heads  for  a  while,  but  they 
rise  again  rustling  triumphantly,  proud- 
ly defying  the  storms  to  break  them. 

Every  sound  tree  possesses  this  at- 
tribute, otherwise  they  would  break  and 
fall  prone,  no  longer  able  to  grow  up 
thick  and  tall  and  strong,  so  as  to  be- 
come useful  afterwards  to  us  craftsmen 
in  the  form  of  logs,  timbers,  poles, 
boards,  etc. 

In  winter  nature  has  denuded  trees 
and  shrubs  of  their  foliage  so  that  they 
may  now  fully  bear  the  weight  of  snow, 


and  it  strips  also,  and  leaves  them  bare, 
that  the  wind  may  whistle  through  the 
branches  without,  straining  the  stems 
and  trunks. 

We  have  seen  then  that  all  timber  in 
its  crude  state  in  trees  possesses  more  or 
less  resilience,  according  to  the  nature 
of  the  wood,  flic  hardwoods  of  course, 
predominating.  The  yew,  of  which  bows 
are  made,  sway  perhaps  the  most,  lance- 
wood,  hickory,  locust,  oak,  spruce,  have 
this  quality  largely  inherent  in  their 
constitution,  although  the  fibrous  struc- 
ture of  some  is  not  conducive  to  safety, 
for  example,  the  locust  is  a  stiff  tree  and 
timber,  so  is  spruce  more  or  less,  still 
the  latter  is  popular  for  masts,  flagpoles, 
ship's  yards,  booms,  or  other  ship  spars, 
oak  is  very  resilient,  unlike  ash,  hickory, 
yew  and  lancewood,  which  are  supple 
and  quick  in  their  rebound,  if  I  might 
use  this  word  in  connection  with  the 
subject  we  are  discussing. 

Only  practical  handling  and  work- 
manship of  the  several  best  known  tim- 
bers will  give  an  idea  of  exactly  how 
much  resilience  each  holds,  nor  is  it  pos- 
sible to  determine  how  much  is  in  each 
sawn  piece,  as  a  girder  sill  or  beam  be- 
cause the  grains,  woody  fibres  or  liga- 
ments of  the  pieces  differ,  as  will  like- 
wise the  dimensions. 

For  example,  there  is  more  "spring" 
as  some  may  call  it  in  a  half  inch  board 
than  an  inch  board.  A  2  in.  plank  has 
one-fourth  less  than  a  half  inch  board 
and  so  on  as  the  thickness  increases  the 
resilience  or  spring  decreases,  until  when 
the  thickness  becomes  extreme  such  as 
in  in  12  or  14  in.  beam  or  girder,  it  is 
practically  nil,  unless  the  beam  is  so 
heavily  loaded  so  as  to  deflect  or  bend 
beneath  the  weight,  which  when  re- 
moved the  resilient  quality  will  evince 
itself  and  the  timber  will  straighten 
back  to  its  normal  and  natural  shape. 

To  resist  and  prevent  resilience  by 
deflection  wood  beams,  such  as  floor  and 
roof  timbers,  are  sawn  Avide  in  depth 
or  vertical  width  and  narrow  in  thick- 
ness, placed  in  position  on  their  edges, 
and  each  always  Avith  the  rounding  or 
crowning  edge  up,  or  on  top.  Carpenters 
will  notice  Iioav  floor  beams  across  a 
house  unsupported  in  the  centers  of  their 
span  will  deflect,  sag  or  spring  under 
their  bodily  weight  as  they  walk  across 
them.  This  is  due  to  the  resilience  in 
each,  or  in  plain  Avords,  the  power  to 
bend  down  under  pressure  and  spring 
back  again  when  relieved  of  it 


42 


THE    CARPENTER 


Oftentimes  resilience  will  act  and  ex- 
ert itself  by  the  influence  of  climate  on 
the  wood  of  itself,  and  when  a  carpenter 
observes  this  he  states  that  such  a  tim- 
ber is  "sprung"  if  it  be  bent.  In  this 
case  the  resilient  factor  becomes  a  foe 
and  must  be  combatted  by  straightening 
piece  by  mechanical  means,  such  as 
bridging  or  cross  tying,  etc.  A  length 
of  crooked  base  or  trim  is  an  example  of 
automatic  resilience  which  occurs  when 
the  piece  is  of  heartwood  or  peculiar  of 
grain.  All  such  can  be  counteracted  by 
pressure  and  nailing.  Perhaps  this  sub- 
ject will  seem  unusual  to  many  readers, 
yet  the  quality  treated  of  in  this  article 
really  exists. 

Let  anyone  try  to  pull  a  bent  piece-of 
studding  under  a  wall  plate  into  place, 
see  how  it  will  resist  and  pull  against 
you  until  it  is  nailed.  Note  how  a  flag- 
pole will  bend  away  from  the  direction 
in  which  the  wind  is  blowing  and  how 
it  will  sway  when  it  stops  blowing. 
Bend  a  lath  over  a  barrel  with  both 
hands,  loose  one  end  and  it  will  rise  up 
and  soak  you.  Every  tall,  isolated 
building,  such  as  the  Washington  Monu- 
ment, the  Woolworth  Tower  in  New 
York  City,  high  brick  or  iron  smoke- 
stacks, lofty  masts  on  ships,  the  Statue 
of  Liberty,  is  resilent,  and  sways  to  the 
force  of  wind  pressure,  bending  without 
breaking,  and  maintaining  its  equilib- 
rium like  a  tree  by  the  tenacity  of  its 
constructive  materials. 

It  is  however,  in  the  material  which 
the  readers  of  the  Journal  work  where 
this  quality  is  of  such  value,  being  al- 
ways existant  so  that  surely  the  sub- 
ject is  one  which  should  command  the 
interest  and  attention  of  those  who  wish 
to  inquire  into  the  basic  virtues  of  tim- 
ber and  wood. 


Bridging  in  Buildings 

(By  Owen  B.  Maginnis.) 
There  are  some  things  to  be  noted 
about  bridging,  which  is  an  important 
item  in  the  construction  of  buildings,  al- 
though generally  regarded  as  a  minor 
matter  and  often  either  forgotten  or 
omitted  entirely. 

The  omission  of  the  necessary  method 
of  bracing  and  stiffening  floors  and  par- 
titions is  a  serious  error  and  should 
never  occur  nor  be  permitted  even  in 
the  smaller  and  lighter  structures,  as  its 
insertion  imparts  rigidity  and  stability 
to  each  and  every  beam,  no  matter  how 
spaced,   which   goes  to  make  up  every 


floor  of  a  room,  hall,  and  such  like,  an 
must  never  be  overlooked  in  spans  c 
over  10  ft.  in  width. 


Fig.  1 — Proper  Bridging  for  Floors  anc 

Hoofs  Seen  From  Below  Before 

Lathing  Is  Nailed  On. 

Carpenters  must  always  bear  in  mind 
that  each  and  every  beam,  joist  or  raf- 
ter laid  or  set  horizontally  as  in  a  floor, 
or  with  a  slight  pitch,  as  in  a  roof  or 
piazza,  will  subside  or  bend  down  either 
singly  or  together  when  walked  upon  or 
weighted,  so  that  if  not  supported  at 
least  every   5  or  6  ft   they  afterwards 


Fig.  2 — View  through  a  Floor,  Showing 
How  Bridging  Should  be  Accur- 
ately Laid  Out  and  Sawn. 

will  spring  up  and  down  and  crack  the 
plaster  ceilings  underneath  the  floors 
walked  upon. 

To  prevent  this  happening  the  proper 
practice  is  to  fit  and  nail  in  bridging  or 
short,   diagonal  braces  between  the  up- 


THE    CARPENTER 


43 


right  faces  of  each  and  every  floor  beam. 
These  pieces,  usually  of  2x3  in.  or  2x2 
in.  scantlings  have  bevelled  ends  cut  as 
shown  in  Figs.  1  and  2  to  fit  snugly  from 
the  top  edge  of  one  beam  to  the  bottom 
edge  of  the  next,  so  as  to  form  a  sort  of 
lattice  trussing,  as  it  were,  to  prevent 
any  deflection  in  the  timbers,  either 
singly  or  collectively.  If  thoroughly 
nailed,  this  bridging  has  the  same  value 
as  a  bearing  quantity  equal  to  a  full 
solid  beam  itself,  and  consequently 
should  never  be  left  out. 


The  plan  illustrated  in  Fig.  3  shows 
how  one  double  row  may  be  sawn  and 
nailed  in  for  a  12  ft.  span  of  beams,  and 


Fig.   3 — Plan   of  a  Frame  House  Floor, 

Showing  a  Double  Row  of 

"Bridging"  Nailed  In. 


Fig.  4- 


-A  Cross  Section  of  House- 
Showing  Bridging. 


Stair  Well  Hole,  Showing  Where  Bridging  Should  Start  At  A. 


44 


the   carpente: 


Fig.   4  represents  how  it  ought  to  kerf 
in  here  for  three  floors. 

As  to  proper  position  and  workman- 
ship it  is  to  be  said,  that  in  order  to 
form  an  absolutely  unbendable  floor, 
which  will  not  sag  nor  deflect.  The 
starting  and  ending  points  of  the  rows, 
which  must  be  reversed  or  cris-crossed, 
as  represented  in  Figs.  1  and  2,  should 
have  solid,  immoveable  resisting  sur- 
faces, such  as  well-hole  opening  headers, 
shown  in  Figs.  5  and  6.  It  is  good  prac- 
tice to  shore  up  each  tier  of  floor  beams 
to  a  slight  crown  or  upper  curvature 
from  below  before  nailing  in  the  bridg- 
ing, so  as  to  ensure  its  surface  being 
level,  not  hollow  or  scooped.  To  get 
the  lengths  of  each  piece,  three  chalk  or 
pencil  lines  must  be  made  straight 
across  the  upper  edges  equally  distant 
apart  to  the  widths  of  the  stuff:  used 
and  with  another  line  10,  12  or  16  in. 
away    the    spacing    between    the    floor 


pieces  are  often  sawn  too  short  or  too 
long,  and  not  to  the  exact  level.  I  would 
recommend  to  all  carpenters  to  try  the 
German  way,  that  is,  to  strike  two  par- 
aallel  lines  with  the  chalk  line  across 
the  top  edges  of  the  floor  beams  at  a 
distance  apart  equal  to  the  depth  of  the 
beams ;  if  they  be  8  in.  beams,  8  in. 
apart;  if  12  in.  beams,  12  in.  apart,  and 
so  on.  Now,  if  the  bridging  be  laid 
across  from  beam  to  beam  diagonally 
the  exact  length  and  bevels  will  be  given 
and  the  pieces  must  fit,  even  if  the 
beams  be  not  equally  spaced  out,  and  it 
frequently  happens  they  are  not. 


Finding  the  Center  of  a  Circle 

Lay  an  ordinary  (carpenter's)  steel 
square  (as  in  Fig.  1)  across  the  circle 
so  that  the  heel,  A,  just  touches  the  cir- 
cumference.     Mark   the  points,    BD,    at 


Fig.   6. — Headers  and  Trimmers  Doubled,   Also 
Framing  of  Floor  Beams  for  Heavy  Floors. 

beams.      By  setting  short  pieces  across 

these   lines   and    marking   them    with   a 

pencil  from  the  under  sides  each  length 

may  be  obtained. 

Overlengths  of  floor  beams  or  blocks 
may  be  utilized  for  bridging  if  long 
enough  or  even  1x3  in.  pieces  of  sheath- 
ing boards,  but  no  matter  what  material 
is  employed,  the  beams  must  be  always 
braced  sideways  from  wall  to  wall,  from 
well-hole  to  wall,  in  every  tier,  before 
the  floors  are  laid. 

Much  difference  of  opinion  exists 
amongst  mechanics  as  to  the  proper  way 
to  lay  out  each  piece  of  bridging  so  as 
to  get  it  the  proper  length  and  bevels  on 
the  edges.  Some  prefer  to  have  one  man 
hold  the  long  piece  up  while  another 
saws  each  piece  to  the  bevel  required. 
This,  I  think,  is  a  tedious  and  inaccurate 
method    and    not    satisfactory,    as    the 


Fig.  1. 
which  the  outer  edges  of  the  square 
cross  the  circle.  A  line  connecting 
these  points  will  be  a  diameter,  which 
you  can  easily  measure  to  locate  its  mid- 
dle point,  C — the  center  of  the  circle. 
This  plan  works  wherever  you  have  at 
least  half  of  the  circumference  of  the 
circle. 


ESTIMATING  CARPENTER  AND 
JOINER  WORK 

(Reprinted  From  Arthur's  Building  Es- 
timators' Handbook,.  By  Permission 
of  the  Publishers,  the  U.  P.  C.  Book 
Company,  Inc.,  243  W.  39th  St.,  New 
York  City,  N.  Y. 

Carpenter  and  Joiner  Work 
Labor  at  $i.oo  per  Hour 

SECTION  ONE 
In  this  section  the  rate  for  carpenters 
is  set  at  $1  per  hour.     In  Section  Two 


THE    CARPENTER 


45 


various   rates   are  worked   out   at   from 
50c  to  $1.20. 

The  items  in  Section  One  are  summar- 
ized in  Section  Two,  without  the  des- 
criptive matter.  Being  on  the  basis  of 
$1  per  hour  the  amount  given  in  Section 
One  show  at  the  same  time  the  number 
of  hours  required  to  do  any  piece  of 
work.  If  it  costs  $5  per  square  to  lay 
a  certain  floor  it  is  clear  that  it  took  5 
hours  of  labor;  and  if  2  men  lay  4 
squares  in  8  hours  the  total  cost  must 
be  $16,  or  $4  per  square.  The  cost  in 
dollars  gives  the  number  of  hours. 

The  best  way  for  any  rate  not  given 
is  to  take  the  amount  of  work  done  by  2 
men,  usually  in  S  hours  and  base  totals 
on  this  to  suit  any  rate  of  wages  at  any 
period,  for  any  place. 

Dimension  Lumber.  I  have  some- 
times asked  contractors  what  system 
they  followed  when  estimating  the  labor 
on  dimension  lumber,  and  their  reply 
has  been  in  line  with  my  own  experi 
ence;  "Take  off  every  piece  of  lumber 
and  figure  the  labor  at  so  much  per 
1,000  ft.  bm."  It  is  a  very  simple  rule, 
and  most  contractors  abide  by  it,  except 
that  they  sometimes  take  work  by  the 
square  on  a  safe  basis.  The  difference 
between  this  rule  and  10  different  rules 
for  lumber  in  as  many  positions  is  that 
the  memory  can  easily  carry  1  while  it 
gets  10  mixed  and  is  sure  of  none. 

Labor.  The  amounts  are  always 
given  in  bm  or  square  for  2  men  in  an 
8  hour  day. 

Square  and  Bm  Systems.  It  ought  to 
be  safe  enough  to  estimate  any  ordinary 
frame  or  brick  building  by  the  square 
for  the  profit  should  be  large  enough  to 
cover  slight  omissions  or  changes  in  the 
price  of  material,  but  the  percentage 
must  be  put  so  low  that  every  stick  has 
to  be  priced.  It  is  a  ridiculous  system, 
in  a  way,  to  take  off  a  lumber  bill  of  a 


"Full  Length  Roof  Framer" 

Is  a  book  to  save  the  time  and  brains  of  the  ex- 
perts and  to  a»old  mistakes  and  trouble  for  the  un- 
experienced. 

It  Is  a  book  containing  230,400  different  sized  and 
pitched  roofs.  Each  roof  Is  worked  out  complete,  with 
the  length  of  every  rafter  In  feet  and  Inches  and  their 
bevels   for    the   steel   square. 

If  your  roof  Is  pitched  It  Is  In  this  book,  no  matter 
what  size  or  pitch. 

You  can  call  off  the  lengths  and  berels  for  every 
rafter,  for  any  pitched  roof  as  fast  as  the  size  of 
building  is  given. 

Experience   or  study   unnecessary. 

We  will  prove  these  remarkable  statements  to  any 
ambitious  carpenter. 

Send  no  money  until  you  receive  the  book.  If  at 
any  time  you  wish  to  return  book,  your  money  will  be 
returned   immediately. 

Four  years  advertising  in  this  magazine  without  a 
single  complaint  Is  our  recommendation.     Price  $1.35. 

A.  Riechers,  Publisher 

Palo  Alto,  California 


roof  on  a  frame  house,  for  example,  as  it 
is  a  kind  of  slavery,  but  the  margin  is  so 
small  that  it  is  usually  done.  To  follow 
another  system,  and  imagine  all  joists 
studs,  rafters,  etc.,  spread  out  to  1  in. 
thick,  and  reduce  or  increase  in  propor- 
tion to  width,  is  but  the  old  square  sys- 
tem after  all. 

Suppose  a  room  20x40  ft.  with  joists 
2x10  in.  set  16  o  c.  Each  joist  spread 
out  equals  1x20  in.  The  room  has  S00 
square  feet.  As  16  in.,  then,  is  to  20,  so 
is  800  to  1,000,  the  number  of  ft.  bm  re- 
quired. Allowing  for  double  joists,  etc., 
a  fair  idea  can  be  had.  But  22  ft.  joists 
would  usually  be  necessary,  and  this 
would  give  1,000. 

So  with  partition  studs,  walls,  roofs, 
etc.  A  wall  20x40  ft.,  with  2x4  in.,  set 
16  in.,  would  give  1x8  in.,  or  exactly 
half  the  area  in  bm.  One  to  the  ft.  is 
doubling,  waste,  etc.,  and  this  would 
come  to  2-3  of  the  area  in  bm  without 
plates. 

The  system  has  the  advantage  of 
keeping  material  and  labor  separate, 
which  is  best,  but  otherwise,  if  squaring 
is  to  be  done  at  all.  it  is  best  to  finish 
the  job   with   labor,   material   and   nails 


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46 


THE    CARPENTER 


as  given  in  the  tables  of  the  "Estima- 
tor," and  add  a  good  profit. 

But  for  cut-up  roofs  the  bm  system 
is  a  good  one,  as  it  saves  drudgery. 

It  takes  much  longer  to  cut  a  rafter 
to  a  double  level  on  2  ends  than  merely 
to  lay  a  joist  on  a  wall,  or  nail  on  a 
sheeting  board;  a  tower  and  dormer 
window  devour  time,  and  a  plank  floor 
goes  down  fast  enough  to  suit  even  a 
contractor ;  but  while  as  a  matter  of  the- 
ory each  class  of  work  should  be  figured 
separately,  as  a  practical  affair  the 
whole  bill  of  framing  lumber,  and  us- 
ually sheeting  also,  is  averaged  with  re- 
sults sufficiently  close  to  serve  for  9 
buildings  out  of  10. 

Bm  or  Lin  Ft.  Take  the  lumber  by 
the  1,000  ft.  bm,  and  not  by  the  lin  ft. 
I  ran  across  an  estimate  book  which  put 
all  dimension  lumber  from  2x4  in.  to 
2x14  in.  on  the  same  basis  of  so  many 
lin  ft.  in  a  day.  The  writer  had  evident- 
ly never  hoisted  or  laid  timbers  of  the 
various  sizes.  I  have  sometimes  heard 
it  said  that  a  2x6  in.  can  be  handled  as 
easily  as  a  2x4  in.  Upon  that  theory  a 
2x8  in.  can  be  put  in  place  as  cheaply  as 
a  2x6  in.  and  a  2x4  in.  is  practically 
equal  to  2x14  in.  It  will  not  work.  The 
progression  is  made  only  2  in.  at  a  time, 
but  if  you  try  to  hoist  cr  lay  a  2x12  in. 
you  will  find  it  is  about  3  times  as  heavy 
as  a  2x4  in.  On  a  ground  floor  the  diff- 
erence is  not  observed  so  much  as  on  one 
40  ft.  in  the  air;  but  the  whole  lumber 
bill  is  estimated,  and  there  is  only  one 
fair  way  to  do  it. 

But  on  the  different  classes  of  build- 
ings how  shall  we  determine  the  num- 
ber of  ft?  By  observation  and  experi- 
ence. If  a  building  has  10  towers,  and 
a  dozen  dormer  windows,  it  does  not  re- 
quire a  sage  to  know  that  more  time  is 
required  than  if  there  is  only  a  plain 
surface  to  cover. 

On  some  buildings  I  kept  an  ex- 
act account  of  time;  on  most  I  did 
not,  as  the  one  simply  repeated  the 
story  of  the  other.  No.  10  was  kept. 
It  is  a  block  of  6  flats.  The  first 
story  is  frame  veneered  with  brick; 
all  the  rest  of  the  building  is  frame  cov- 
ered with  slate.  The  rear  and  alley 
walls  are  as  plain  as  possible,  floors,  flat 
roof,  and  partitions,  were  easily  han- 
dled; but  the  time  taken  on  the  towers 
and  fronts  ran  into  money.  "When  built, 
9  hours  was  a  standard  day,  and  the  av- 
erage over  the  complete  building  was 
550  ft.  bm  for  2  men.     Now  wages  are 


$1  an  hour,  and  the  time  is  reduced  to  8 
hours,  so  that  the  advantage  of  keeping 
measure  instead  of  money  is  seen.  Such 
a  building  might  now  be  estimated  at 
550  ft.  for  8  hours.  With  fewer  hours 
a  man  can  work  harder,  ar..J  with  $1  an 
hour  he  has  to.  As  with  b.ci?klayers  so 
with  carpenters — higher  pay  should  give 
more  work.  But  if  600  ft.  were  allowed 
I  should  want  to  be  on  the  building  my- 
self, and  the  figure  would  have  to  be 
subject  to  the  thermometer,  which  can 
not  safely  be  ignored.  With  a  plain  front, 
750  ft.  is  not  an  unreasonable  figure. 

On  a  building  of  another  class.  One 
story  has  been  removed  since  it  was 
built.  The  3x12  in.  joists  all  through 
averaged  800  ft.  for  9  hours.  They  were 
laid  on  walls  and  girders  with  little 
framing  necessary.  The  oak  posts  and 
yellow  pine  bolted  girders  dressed  and 
set  '.j.  place  ran  to  only  270  ft.  It  was 
then  customary  to  do  such  work  by  car- 
penters, but  now,  since  their  wages  are 
$1  an  hour,  common  laborers  are  used, 
sc  that  1,000  ft.  of  joists  alone  can 
safely  be  estimated  on  the  carpenter 
wage  basis  for  an  8-hour  day,  if  the 
hoisting  arrangements  are  favorable. 

Trusses.  One  occaisionally  has  to  es- 
timate trusses,  and  it  is  not  always  easy 
to  say  what  they  are  worth.  This  is  the 
"10th  case"  where  the  average  of  the 
framing  lumber  is  not  reliable.  On  this 
building  there  were  6  Howe  trusses,  6 
ft.  high  with  a  60  ft.  span.  The  timbers 
were  10x12  in.  for  the  lower  chord  in  4 
pieces ;  8x12  in.  for  the  top  chord  solid ; 
4x12  in.,  3x10  in.  and  2x6  in.,  for  cross 
braces.  The  chords  were  bolted  togeth- 
er with  double  rods  from  1  in.  to  2  in. 
in  diam.  The  story  was  18  ft.  in  the 
clear.  Each  truss  contained  2,100  bm, 
and  took  343  hours  for  1  man  to  make 
and  set  in  place.  All  material  came  sur- 
faced. No.  2  trusses  are  alike,  but  this 
will  serve  for  a  guess  at  another.  At  $1 
per  hour  that  is  $163  per  1,000  ft.  bm. 

This  work  was  all  done  by  carpenters, 
but  the  rules  of  the  union  allow  laborers 
to  do  the  heaviest  part  of  the  work,  and 
the  figure  may  bo  reduced.  But  the 
style  of  the  truss  and  the  kind  of  wood 
have  to  be  considered.  This  one  was  of 
the  hardest  yellow  pine  and  the  braces 
were  all  crossed  X  fashion,  and  notched. 

Mr.  A.  W.  Joslin,  Boston,  gives  his 
experience  with  trusses.  The  wage  ba- 
sis is  set  at  $1  per  hour  for  carpenters 
and  60c  for  laborers,  with  man  to  man, 
or  $1.60  per  foot  for  both. 


The  New  Design 


OFFICIAL  PARADE  X  FUNERAL  BADGE 


Illustration  is  full  size  of  badge. 


i   Badge  $1.50 

6  Badges  or  more  1.35  each 
12         "  "        "      1.08  each 

25         "  "        "        .99  each 

50         "  "        "        .96  each 

100         "  "        "        .94  each 

250        "  "       "        .92  each 

All  metal  parts  are  Gold  plated. 
Embossing  on  ribbon  in  Gold. 
No    extra    charge    for    Officers    titles 
embossed  on   ribbon. 


D 

For  many  years  there  has  been  a 
tendency    toward    the    "too    much 
sameness"   in   parade    Badges   used 
by   too  many  organizations  and   in 
response     to     a     general     feeling     that 
our   Brotherhood   should   have  a   Badge 
designed  to  individually  and  emblemati- 
cally represent  our  craft,  a  smaller  de- 
sign of  Badge  than  one  previously  used 
is  shown  on  this  page. 

This  is  a  triple  Badge.  The  metal  parts 
may  be  quickly  detached  and  worn  sep- 
arately. It  may  be  worn  as  illustrated 
for  parade  purposes.  The  metal  parts 
may  be  reversed  to  back  side  of  ribbon, 
making  it  a  memorial  Badge.  The  rib- 
bon on  reverse  side  is  embossed  in  Silver 
finish. 

The  accompanying  design  has  been 
selected  as  the  Official  Parade  and 
Funeral  Badge  of  the  Brotherhood  and 
one  which  our  membership  can  well  feel 
proud  to  wear.  The  metal  parts  are  all 
Gold  plated  and  the  colors  as  shown  are 
in  hard  enamel,  all  in  all  a  very  hand- 
some Badge  indeed.  And  we  may  say 
will  show  up  better  than  any  Badge 
made  for  similar  use  that  has  heretofore 
been  used  by  most  organizations. 

Local  Unions  should  have  a  supply  of 
our  splendid  new  Badge  on  hand  so  that 
our  members  can  secure  them  without  de- 
lay. Many  occasions  arise  where  the 
Badge  should  be  worn  and  thus  empha- 
size the  spirit  of  fraternalism. 

Kindly  forward  remittance  with  or- 
der to 

FRANK  DUFFY 

General  Secretary. 


48 


THE     CARPENTER 


For  light  trusses  the  amount  per  1,000 
ft.  bm  is  $45  to  $60  or  28  to  38  hours. 
Trusses  A.  and  B. 

For  heavy  trusses  of  the  same  type 
$55  to  $62,  or  34  to  39  hours  per  1,000 
ft.     Trusses  A.  and  B. 

These  figures  are  for  unsmoothed 
work;  if  dressed,  chamfered  and  all 
marks  smoothed  off,  the  allowance 
would  be  $75  for  a  light  and  $100  for 
heavy  trusses,  or  47  to  62  hours. 

For  scissor  trusses  a  figure  of  $125 
per  1,000  ft.  bm  or  80  hours. 

On  4  trusses  63  ft.  span,  with  each 
having  9,000  ft.  bm,  the  cost  was  $55 
per  1,000  ft.  or  34  1-2  hours.  The  hoist- 
ing was  done  with  a  steam  derrick, 
which  is  easier  than  pulling  on  a  rope. 

These  Boston  figures  are  lower  than 
could  be  used  if  the  work  was  done  by 
men  not  accustomed  to  it.  A  gang  of 
railroad  bridge  builders  handle  such 
work  better  than  carpenters. 

Derricks.  To  rent  a  derrick  for  one's 
own  use  for  carpentry  alone  is  apt  to  be 
expensive.  With  engineer,  a  fair  rate 
is  about  $100  per  week.  The  coal  has  to 
be  bought,  say  $25.  But  for  a  high 
building,  it  is  the  only  proper  system 
and  pays,  especially  when  the  cost  is  di- 
vided with  mason. 

Sizing  Joists.  The  sizing  of  joists  is 
included  in  all  the  foregoing  buildings 
except  the  last.  On  No.  9,  25,000  ft. 
were  sized,  with  an  average  of  3,176  ft. 
in  8  hours ;  but  a  good  many  joists  need- 
ed to  be  done  on  1  side  only.  On  heavy 
joists,  2  1-2  in.  to  3  1-2  in.  well  sized 
1,500  is  a  good  average.  On  a  hot  day 
it  is  too  much.  In  some  cities  joists  are 
sized  at  mill  on  both  edges  for  $2.50  to 
$3.50  per  M. 

Warehouses.  A  good  deal  can  some- 
times be  said  in  a  paragraph  the  largest 
buildings  do  not  need  so  much  space  as 
a  cottage.  On  several  of  the  largest 
warehouses  the  average,  without  the  top, 
finish  floor,  ran  from  1,000  to  1,100  ft. 
For  2  men  in  8  hours.  The  joists  are 
merely  dropped  into  stirrups  and  they 
can  be  placed  at  1,100  if  taken  alone. 
The  heavy  planking  soon  goes  down  if 
it  has  not  to  be  hoisted  too  far.  But 
posts,  girders,  and  joists,  taken  together, 
without  plank  floor,  run  from  800  to  900 
ft.  On  one  building  200,000  ft.  framing 
cost  $20  per  M. 

Posts  themselves  run  from  $30  to  $38. 
The  oak  posts  No.  4,  dressed  and  cham- 
fered, cost  $55  per  M.  bm. 

Platforms.     From  figures  already  giv- 


en, it  may  be  thought  that  the  heavy 
platforms  around  such  buildings  should 
go  down  at  1,400  to  1,500  ft;  but  I 
know  of  more  than  100,000  ft.  which 
averaged  only  700  for  2  men  in  8  hours. 
I  know  of  another  with  nearly  twice 
that  amount  of  lumber  that  averaged 
1,000  ft.  This  is  after  allowing  enough 
for  levelling  ground. 

Storehouse.  On  a  plain  2  story  build- 
ing with  heavy  timbers,  2  in.  flooring 
roof,  plank  under  floors,  ordinary  upper 
floor,  the  complete  average  on  244,000 
ft.  was  770  ft.  Upper  floors  are  inculd- 
ed  and  reduce  the  average  somewhat,  as 
they  are  worth  more  than  dimension 
lumber.  A  good  deal  of  the  work  was 
done  by  laborers. 

Trestle.  Trestle  work  under  10  ft. 
high  should  not  be  run  to  more  than  $30 
per  1,000  ft.  Coal  hoisting  stations, 
towers  of  reasonable  height,  and  heavy 
timber  work  in  general,  should  not  cost 
more  than  $50.  But  there  are  so  many 
special  designs  of  this  kind  of  work  that 
it  is  hard  to  set  a  figure  without  seeing 
the  plan,  and  sometimes  harder  when 
the  plan  is  seen,  and  a  guess  made  at 
the  quality  of  the  man  behind  the  saw. 
Bridge  falsework,  $48. 

Centers.  It  is  hard  to  give  a  price, 
for  one  might  be  easily  set  and  removed 
on  ground  level,  and  another  high  in  the 
air  and  difficult  to  handle.  As  approxi- 
mate figures  allow  for  a  13  in.  wall  on 
the  $1  per  hour  basis: 

Cost  set 
and  re- 
Span      Height       Per  ft.        moved. 
4  ft.  2  ft.  $4.00  $16.00 

6  ft.  3  ft.  4.00  24.00 

8  ft.  4  ft.  4.50  36.00 

12  ft.  6  ft.  5.50  66.00 

Scaffolds.  Allow,  on  the  $1  basis,  $25 
per  M.  for  labor  and  nails  and  spikes. 
Lumber  to  be  used  several  times  over, 
or  for  other  purposes  than  scaffolding, 
and  not  included.  If  the  work  is  such 
as  to  spoil  the  material  allow  extra  for 
that.  Taking  down,  mostly  by  laborers, 
is  included  in  the  $25  allowance. 

Grain  Elevators.  On  2  large  ones  the 
timbers  and  heavy  framing  amounted 
to  nearly  1,875,000  ft.  bm;  the  cribbing, 
of  2x6  in.  to  2x12  in.  to  more  than 
4,000,000  ft.  bm. 

Labor.  For  the  timbers,  allow  $40 
per  M;  and  the  cribbing,  $16,  on  a  $1 
basis.  There  is  a  good  deal  of  hoisting 
required. 


-,'. 


Caber   On   Mill   Construction 

-  me.-  The  name  does  not  affect  the 
weight:  of  columns,  girders  or  joists. 
Ordinary  warehouse  time  suits  for  mill 
constructed  buildings. 

Posts.  The  oak  posts  alluded  to  on 
page  405  came  to  only  270  ft.  bm  for 
two  men  in  8  hours.  But  they  had  to  be 
all  smoothed  by  hand,  chamfered  and 
fitted  top  and  bottom.  With  the  ordin- 
ary pine  columns  already  dressed  or  left 
rough,  and  with  bolsters,  an  allowance 
of  from  600  to  700  ft.  can  be  made  with 
metal  caps,  500  ft.  to  600  ft.  A  good 
deal  depends  upon  the  style  of  caps. 

Girders.  For  plain  work  allow  from 
800  ft.  to  1,000  ft.  bm  for  two  men  in 
8  hours.  In  some  kinds  of  buildings 
more  could  be  done.  If  fitting  around 
pintles  is  required  allow  from  700  ft. 
to  800  ft.  When  bolting  has  to  be  done 
allow  700  ft  Since  a  destructive  fixe 
proved  that  tbe  %  in.  space  between 
girders  should  never  be  left  they  are 
now  bolted  close  together. 

Beams.  A  fair  allowance  for  the 
minor  beams  in  semi-mill  construction 
is  from  900  ft.  to  1,000  ft.  bm  per  B 
hours.  This  is  all  on  the  supposition 
that  the  lumber  is  hoisted  with  a  power 
machine,  and  that  laborers  are  used  for 
part  of  the  work. 

Plank.  The  time  is  given  on  such 
work,  page  406.  The  main  floor  had 
190,000  ft.  of  lumber,  which  is  more 
than  the  average  building,  and  gives  a 
fair  criterion;  and  the  roofs  had  a  pitch 
of  from  1  in.  to  2  in.  in  a  foot  and  thus 
the  work  was  as  easily  laid  as  on  a 
floor. 

Laminated  Work.  This  is  planking 
set  on  eige  insteai  of  :n  tiit.  Ali:~ 
1,200  ft.  bm  for  two  men  in  8  hours. 
This  allowance  might  be  greatly  ex- 
ceeded on  long,  plain  stretches;  and  it 
ntiglt  -■::  be  neanlv  reaohel  —  _en  it- 
ting  around  corners,  working  near  walls, 
or  in  cold  weather. 

A  .Mill  Constructed  Factory 
(Courtesv   :f  H-:.r:  vr    H:v-t  Ctmtanj 
General  Contractors.  Rook  Island,  BL 

H^:.:i  G.TTiileif.   Zngin^r. 

War  Work.  An  ordnance  factory  was 
built  in  Bast  Mtline.  Bl..  in  less  than 
three  months.  The  building  is  140x710 
ft.,  or  a  little  more  than  2*&  acres  on  the 
ground. 

Footings.     These  are  of  concrete, 
tending  4  ft.  below  grade,  but  with  ; ..  is  - 


sons  in  one  corner.  The  concrete  wa* 
wheeled,  as  the  distance  was  long. 

WaUs.  The  exterior  walls  are  of 
brick 

Lumber  Handling.     A  derrick  with  a 

t't.  boom  was  operated  by  an  electric 

hoist  and  used  to  raise  the  roof  trusses, 

etc     An  average  of  32   trusses  a  day 

were  erected. 

Actual  Records.  The  labor  time  given 
in  such  excellent  shape  that  it  can  be 
used  as  a  basis  for  similar  "work 

Frame  and  erect  posts,  girders,  brac- 
ing and  general  work  Total  quantity 
200,000  bd  ft. 

Time  for  10.000  ft. : 

Carpenter  hours,  270;  laborer  hours, 
:*:■. 

Frame  trusses  ready  for  erection. 
Total  quantity  145,000  bd  ft. 

Time  for  10,000  ft. : 

Engineer  hours,  17:  chief  erector 
hours,  17;  carpenter  hours,  50;  laborer 

Hoist    and    lay    2x6    d    and    m    roof 
sheathing.     Total  bd  ft.  240,000. 
Time  for  10,000  ft. : 
Carpenter  hours,   100;  laborer  hours, 

\  :      engineer   '..    v.:-     e. 

Hoist  and  lay  3x6  d  and  m  rough 
fl :  : -in  _ .     1  tal  bd  ft,  95,000. 

Time  for  10,000  ft.: 

Carpenter    "_:n:s.     \7:    labtrer    "_      r- 

H::s:  :.nl  ia~  :;t  -^  in  veii:~  tine 
rnish    r.-:-:rirg.      T:  ::.'. 


ft. 


C art-enter    n:nrs      -1:    iacirer    t.:nr?, 

Sneeting.      Slewing  tnt.j  ci 

at  1.000  ft.  on  a  frame  building  if  taken 
alone,  although  1.200  ft.  may  be  done 
on  some.  Shiplap  about  1 . 7  less  Much 
depends  upon  the  style  of  the  walls  and 
roof     As  all  through,  2  men  in  2  hours. 

If  sheeting  and  shiplap  are  nailed  di- 
agonally instead  of  level  on  side  walls, 
allow  1-3  more  time. 

For  floors,  sheeting  may  be  safely  al- 
lowed at   1.500   ft.   to   1,S00  f: 
more  than  three  stories  above  the  street 
level.     On  the  roof  of  a  six-story  build- 
ing. 1.200  ft.  is  a  good  day's  work. 

nee.  The  time  on  1,750  lin.  ft  of 
close  board  fence  8  ft  high  strung  with 
barbed  wire  for  a  top  guard  in  the  usual 
way  was  420  hours,  but  posts  were  al- 
ready set.  Allow  20  minutes  for  one 
man  to  dig  hole  and  set  each  post;  but 

ice  as  long  might  be  taken.     Common 


50 


THTE     CARPENTER 


8  ft.  post  holes,  8  to  10  minutes  to  dig, 
and  half  as  long  to  set. 

The  foregoing  buildings  may  be  taken 
as  typical,  and  estimates  securely  based 
upon  the  figures  given.  A  small  cottage 
will  not  require  as  much  time  in  propor- 
tion, and  some  large  frame  houses  will 
not  average  550  ft.  An  allowance  must 
be  made  for  a  plainer  or  more  ornate 
style.  The  figures  cannot  be  far  astray 
at  worst  if  the  men  work,  for  550  ft.  is 
the  average  of  a  large  building  and  not 
a  matter  of  theory. 

So  with  the  other  buildings.  Joists 
and  sheeting  cost  practically  the  same 
on  schools,  flats  and  all  kinds  of  brick 
buildings.  If  extra  framing  is  required, 
an  allowance  must  be  made. 

Law  of  Averages.  "With  plain  joists, 
studs  and  sheeting,  it  is  as  with  brick 
in  a  basement  wall,  so  much  is  done  in  a 
day  with  reasonable  mechanics  that  one 
begins  to  blush  over  the  prospective 
profits,  but  by  the  time  the  chimneys 
are  copped,  the  saddles  put  in  place,  and 
the  corners  attended  to,  it  is  quite  an- 
other story.  Do  not  base  any  estimate 
on  this  kind  of  work,  but  take  an  aver- 
age all  through. 

Station  Labor.  The  complete  cost  of 
carpenter  labor  .on  a  passenger  station, 
was  $3,200.  About  24x140  ft.  slate 
roof,  hardwood  finish  and  maple  floors. 
Wages  §1  per  hour.  It  is  too  much  for 
such  a  building. 

Averages.  ,As  a  fair  summary,  allow 
as  follows  on  an  8-hour  basis  for  two 
men,  but  it  is  well  to  keep  in  mind  slow 
saws  and  modern  instances  already 
given. 

Feet. 

On  average  frame  houses 600 

On  wood  stores  and  flats,  plain.  .  .1,000 

On  brick  stores  and  flats 800 

On    3    or    4- story    business    build- 
ings    900  to  1,000 

On    heavy    warehouses,    mill    con- 
struction     1,100 

Bridging.  If  taken  separately,  a  close 
enough  price  may  be  found  by  the 
square  on  page  454.  If  lumber  is  put  in 
the  regular  bill,  allow  for  labor  125  lin. 
ft.  of  2x4  in.  nailed  in  place,  and  170  of 
1x3  in.,  1x4  in.,  or  2x2  in.,  for  a  day's 
work.  In  the  first  case,  that  is  about 
250  ft.  bm.  Of  course  joists  at  12  ft. 
centers  require  more  cutting  and  nailing 
than  at  20  in.  It  is  often  cheaper  to  buy 
bridging  already  cut  from  the  mills  at 
$1  per  100  pes  for  cutting  only. 


Furring.  1x2  in.,  16  in.  centers,  4  to 
5  sq.  making  plugs  included.  Openings 
are  not  deducted  unless  many  and  large. 
For  2x2  in.  16  in.,  3%  to  4  sq.;  1x2  in. 
on  ceilings,  16  in.,  15  sq. ;  2x2  in.  on 
ceilings,  12  in.,  12  sq.  No.  9  was  furred 
with  2x4  in.  Put  in  at  regular  framing 
time,  as  it  is  easier  to  set  than  a  porti- 
tion.  The  amount  given  for  2x2  in.  on 
ceilings  is  from  the  actual  results  all 
over  No.  12.  For  different  spacing,  al- 
low in  proportion  on  the  basis  given. 

There  is  a  patented  "plug"  on  the 
market.  It  is  built  in  the  joint  of  the 
brick,  and  the  strip  nailed  in  without 
any  cutting.  Possibly  1  sq.  more  a  day 
ought  to  be  allowed  when  it  is  used. 
But  the  old  wood  plug  still  survives. 

Peds,  Or  Spot  Grounds 

Ordinary.  The  usual  way  of  fasten- 
ing grounds  is  to  drive  wood  plugs  into 
the  masonry.  Another  way  is  to  build 
in  metal  plugs.  But  for  fireproof  build- 
ings with  tile  partitions  neither  method 
is  just  ideal.  The  wood  plugs  some- 
times break  the  thin  tile  and  will  not 
hold,  especially  when  the  nailing  of  the 
trim  begins ;  and  the  joints  do  not  al- 
ways suit  for  the  metal  ones. 

In  an  Omaha  planing  mill  one  day 
the  proprietor  told  me  he  was  making 
two  carloads  of  blocks  to  be  used  for 
grounds  to  go  to  Ontario,  Canada.  The 
distance  is  so  great  that  I  examined 
the  blocks  fcr  curiosity  and  found  that 
some  one  had  patented  a  new  and  ex- 
cellent substitute  for  ordinary  grounds, 
so  simple  that  it  seems  any  of  us  might 
have  thought  of  it.  Architects  have 
been  quick  to  take  hold  of  the  new 
device,  and  estimators  in  modern  build- 
ings, especially  fireproof  ones,  do  not 
now  allow  grounds  for  trim  and  cut  the 
time  formerly  set  down  to  put  them  on. 
In  one  year  12,000,000  peds  were  sold. 

New.  A  "ped"  is  a  spot  ground  for 
attaching  trim  to  walls,  and  sleepers  to 
concrete  floors,  consisting  of  a  nailing 
block  of  wood  held  in  a  metal  plate. 
The  wood  block,  2  in.  in  diameter,  is 
treated  to  prevent  rotting  and  swelling. 
The  metal  is  a  thin  disc,  3%  in.  in  di- 
ameter, painted  and  holding  the  block 
by  a  flange.  The  ped  is  applied  to  any 
surface  by  the  use  of  plaster.  A  spe- 
cial plaster  that  sets  in  about  half  an 
hour  is  generally  used,  but  plaster  of 
Paris  suits,  the  only  trouble  being  quick 
setting.  The  fence  of  the  ped  comes 
where  the  face  of  the  finished  wall  is  to 


THE    CARPENTER 


51 


be,  and  thus  the  continuous  ground  is 
not  required.  The  plaster  works 
through  the  holes  in  the  disc  when  set, 
and  the  plaster  fills  out  as  with  or- 
dinary grounds.  To  suit  uneven  walls 
there  are  three  thicknesses,  and  thus 
the  ped  may  go  almost  hard  against  the 
wall.  So  with  floor  peds,  for  sleepers 
or  carpet  grounds. 

Peds  may  be  put  on  metal  lath  or  any 
kind  of  masonry  walls  or  floors. 

Cost.  This  device  costs  less  than  the 
old-style  ground,  but  apart  from  this 
the  advantage  for  tile  partitions  lies 
in  the  solidity  and  unbroken  walls. 

1,000   peds    $36.00 

32  hours'  labor  at  $1 32.00 

2  sacks  of  plaster 2.40 

For  1,000  peds,  or  1,666  lin.  ft.  .$70.40 

This  is  about  4%c  per  ft. 

By  spacing  peds  from  18  to  30  in., 
1,000  will  cover  about  1,666  lin.  ft. 

The  hoisting  of  long,  unwieldy  or- 
dinary ground  is  saved. 

Old  System.  Where  the  regular  plug- 
ging system  is  used  on  masonry  walls 
two  men  should  put  on  from  400  to  450 
lin.  ft.  in  8  hours,  if  the  work  is  straight, 
and  there  are  not  too  many  corners.  If 
closets  and  bathrooms  and  short  stretch- 
es are  frequent,  two-thirds  of  this  al- 
lowance is  enough. 

For  grounds  nailed  on  wood  studs 
from  800  ft.  to  1,000  ft  may  be  set  for 
two  men  on  straight  work,  and  three- 
fourths  of  this  for  closet  and  short  runs. 

Taking  1,666  ft.  and  allowing  10  per 
cent  for  waste  and  breakage,  the  total 
might  be  set  in  round  numbers  at  1,800 
ft.  For  material  at  $4  per  100  ft.,  $72; 
carpenter  labor  at  $1  per  hour,  on  basis 
of  4  days'  work  for  two  men,  $64;  nails, 
$2.50;  plugs,  $4.50;  a  total  of  $143 
without  profit,  or  about  8%c  per  ft. 

In  closets  and  such  places  the  peds 
are  easier  handled  than  wood  strips. 
The  peds  are  easier  to  place  and  never 
become  loose.  When  made  fast,  a  ped 
will  hold  a  man's  weight. 

Sleepers.  If  straight  floors  are  put 
down,  whether  of  tile  or  concrete,  and 
the  dovetailed  sleepers  are  reasonable 
good  lumber,  there  does  not  seem  to  be 
so  very  much  gain  by  putting  down 
peds.  It  is  easier  to  straighten  a  good 
sleeper  on  a  fair  ped  than  to  set  blocks 
every  2  ft.  or  so.  But  with  rough  work, 
where  hatchet  fitting  is  sometimes  nec- 
essary, the  peds  are  to  be  preferred. 

Under  the  old  system  two  men  should 


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52 


THE     CARPENTER 


lay  down  and.  straighten  from  450  to 
500  lin.  ft.  in  a  day  of  8  hours.  With 
the  peds  the  sleepers  do  not  have  to  be 
dovetailed  for  the  concrete  filling  to  hold 
them  in  place. 

Verboten.  And  after  all  is  said  and 
estimated  we  must  remember  that  -the 
experts  of  the  United  States  condemned 
wood  strips  like  this  for  fireproof  build- 
ings when  they  examined  San  Francisco 
after  the  fire. 

Carpet  Ground.  For  this  reason  many 
hotels  are  now  built  with  cement  floors 
only,  and  around  the  walls,  close  to  the 
base,  a  strip  is  nailed  down  to  peds 
flush  with  the  cement,  for  carpet  fast- 
eners. Ordinary  ground  time  may  be 
used  for  this. 

Felt.  If  floors  are  covered  with  heavy 
felt,  allow  one- fifth  extra  time. 

Grounds.  For  wainscoting  from  3^ 
to  4  sq.  there  is  usually  no  scaffolding 
required,  but  they  have  to  be  straighter 
than  furring.  More  can  be  done  on  wood 
partitions  and  on  furring  than  on  brick, 
about  5  sq.  altogether.  A  rough  way 
of  estimating  the  labor  on  ground  is  3c 
per  ft.,  but  with  labor  at  $1  per  hour, 
that  is  too  low.  On  wood,  4%  to  6%c 
is  a  fair  price.  A  brick  opening  one 
side,  will  take  a  man  1  hour  if  he  has  to 
plug;  on  wood,  half  an  hour  is  enough. 

Shingles.  I  had  seen  and  worked 
among  slate,  tile,  lead  and  thatch,  but 
the  first  shingle  I  ever  handled  was  in 
Vermont.  It  seemed  a  curious  thing  to 
put  on  a  roof,  and  I  felt  sure  that  it 
would  not  hold  water.  It  must  have 
been  about  3  ft.  long.  The  farmer  cut 
his  own  timber,  the  carpenter  squared 
it,  pinned  it,  built  a  huge  barn,  and  cov- 
ered the  roof  with  the  strange,  new 
wooden  slate.  We  do  not  use  that  kind 
in  the  West;  ours  are  16  in.  long,  and 
sawed. 

When  starting  out  as  a  contractor  I 
kept  a  book,  and  entered  the  time  on 
different  classes  of  work.  Under 
shingles  is  found :  "On  plain  roofs,  from 
4  to  6  sq. ;  on  fancy  roofs,  from  3  %  to 
4;  on  plain  side  walls,  about  3."  This 
allowance  cannot  be  much  improved. 
The  standard  day  was  9  hours ;  now  it  is 
8,  but  we  do  more  in  an  hour. 

On  a  plain  roof,  a  couple  of  good  car- 
penters may  put  on  8  to  10  sq.,  but  we 
stand  by  an  average  day's  carpenter 
work — not  butcher  work — as  well  as 
by  an  average  exposure  of  4%  in.  to 
the  weather.  It  naturally  takes  more 
time  to  lay  shingles  at  4  in,   than  at 


5  in.  They  should  never  be  laid  at 
move  than  5  in.  On  some  kinds  of 
walls  and  roofs  2  sq.  make  a  day's 
work.  The  cutting  around  valleys, 
chimneys,  dormers,  bay  windows,  etc., 
takes  a  good  deal  of  time. 

Gutters.  Allow  100  lin.  ft.  for  aver- 
age standing  gutters,  with  all  finish  got 
out  at  mill.  With  many  hips  and  val- 
leys, this  figure  is  too  high  —  75  is 
enough.  For  wide  cornice  gutters,  60 
lin.  ft.  may  be  used  as  a  basis,  and  the 
dimension  lumber  allowed  in  the  regular 
bill. 

Lin.  Ft. 

Water-table  and  base 1G0 

Bands  and  belts 200 

Double  corner-boards    150 

Cornice.  For  a  very  plain  cornice  of 
five  members  I  have  always  used  60  ft. 
for  a  9-hour  day.  This  does  not  include 
lookouts  or  anything  properly  belonging 
to  framing  lumber.  A  cottage  of  6  to  8 
rooms  has  about  150  lin.  ft.  This  gives 
two  men  2.5  days  to  finish  it.  At  $1  an 
hour,  and  an  8-hour  day,  that  is  less 
than  27c  per  lin.  ft.  There  is  no  time 
for  play.  Extra  members  may  be  aver- 
aged at  5c. 

For  wide  ornamental  cornices  it  is 
hard  to  set  a  basis,  as  no  two  are  alike. 
With  brackets,  capitals,  dormers,  miters, 
etc.,  an  estimate  must  be  made  in  de- 
tail. If  the  soffit  is  ceiled,  the  ceiling 
may  be  taken  at  1  sq.  for  two  men  on 
plain  work,  and  that  part  eliminated.  A 
miter  may  be  taken  at  2  hours  for  one 
man.  Some  brackets  can  be  nailed  on 
in  10  minutes;  others,  with  mouldings 
carried  around  them,  may  take  from  five 
to  ten  times  as  long.  Scaffold  is  not  put 
in,  as  the  one  in  place  serves.  If  all 
joints  have  to  be  laid  in  white  lead  and 
oil,  allow  a  little  extra  time.  For  a 
good  cornice,  30  ft.  in  a  day  is  enough. 

Siding.  On  plain  6  in.  work,  5  sq.  is 
the  law  for  two  men.  On  some  build- 
ings with  long  blank  walls,  8  may  be 
done.  On  some  particular  corners, 
again,  2  is  a  big  day's  work.  A  fair 
average  is  4  sq.  Possibly  6  may  be 
done ;  possibly  only  3 — not  more  than  3 
if  mitered. 

On  narrow  siding,  mitered  at  cor- 
ners, allow  as  a  basis  2  sq.,  and  go  up 
or  down,  according  to  the  angled, 
dormers,  sides,  pilasters,  hoods,  gar- 
goyles, pediments,  or  walls,  as  plain  as 
a  prairie.  Unmitered,  3  sq.  Scaffolding 
and  tar  paper  are  included ;  openings  are 
not  counted,  but  exact  surface  taken, 


THE    CARPENTER 


53 


Moors.  Tho  usual  flooring  is  4  in., 
which  finishes  a  trifle  less  than  3%. 
On  a  4-story  block,  where  I  was  fore- 
man, I  kept  the  time  on  floors.  Paper 
Avas  laid  on  sheeting,  and  yellow  pine 
floor  on  top,  with  rough  joints  smoother. 
The  whole  building  averaged  4  sq.  for 
9  hours,  hoisting  by  hand  included.  The 
rooms  are  of  the  usual  office  size,  and 
stores  are  on  the  ground  floor. 

On  a  buildin  divided  into  offices, 
the     average     for     yellow      pine     was 

3  Yz  sq.  for  9  hours ;  but  this  work  was 
carefully  smoothed  and  sandpapered.  It 
was  done  by  the  piece,  and  the  men 
worked  hard  on  it.  They  offered  to  do 
it  at  80c,  and  ended  at  $1.25  a  sq. 
Wages  were  then  3'0c  per  hour.  At  60c, 
$2.50  per  sq. ;  at  80c,  $3.33;  at  $1, 
$4.17.  There  is  a  wonderful  difference 
between  a  long  hall  and  a  score  of  small 
offices. 

On  joists,  without  an  under  floor,  al- 
low 6  sq:  of  4  in.  flooring.  The  next 
sentence  I  find  in  my  MS  is:  "On  white 
pine  allow  about  a  sq.  more."  It  might 
about  as  well  be  left  out,  for  the  ruinous 
policy  of  the  forest  owners  has  at  last 
practically  cleared  the  northern  part  of 
the  continent  of  what  is  by  far  the  best 
wood  for  outside  work  and  fine  interior 
finish. 

Flooring,  2  In.  Flooring,  2  in.  thick, 
tongued  and  grooved,  may  be  averaged 
at  1,000  ft.  On  No.  4,  two  men  laid  5 
sq.  in  9  hours,  or  nearly  1,200  ft.,  but 
that  was  close  to  street  level.  Still,  the 
figure  is  not  unreasonable  if  condi- 
tions are  favorable.  This  flooring  is 
to  be  reckoned  Avith?  This  flooring  is 
usually  5%  hi.  finished  width.  I  once 
knew,  hoAvever,  of  74,000  ft.  which 
averaged  only  700 ;  and  about  as  much 
on  another  building  which  ran  to  1,600, 
but  this  was  for  mill  construction,  with 
joists  far  apart.     No.  8,  2  in.  roof,  900. 

Square  Edged  Maple  and  Yellow  Pine. 
On  warehouses,  5  sq.  are  enough,  if 
hoisting  is  included,  as  it  is  in  all  fig- 
ures given  in  this  section.  A  common 
way  of  finishing  Avarehouse  floors  is 
with    %x4  in.   sq.   edked  maple.     Allow 

4  to  5  sq.  unsmoothed.  It  has  to  be 
double  nailed,  and  takes  more  labor  than 
yelhrvv  pine.  The  finished  size  is  3%  in. 
Narrower  boards  take  more  time,  which 
is  about  equal  to  saying  that  2  and  '2 
are  more  than  2  and  1*  but  some  of 
the  hasty  put  2  inland  4  in.  on  the  same 


basis.  Still,  an  average  of  6  sq.  some- 
times reached  for  tongued  material, 
which  Is  nailed  on  only  one  edge. 

Ami  now  for  the  proof;  on  a  6-story 
building,  one  of  the  largest  and  newest 
warehouses,  the  yellow  pine,  sq.  edged 
floors  averaged  throughout  5  sq.  On  two 
others —  one  the  gallery  of  No.  7,  the 
sq.  edged  4  in.  maple  ran  on  the  first 
to  4y2,  on  the  second  to  5%.  The  same 
men  laid  both,  but  they  had  experience 
on  the  second.  Always  on  the  basis  of 
work  of  two  men  in  8  hours. 

Yellow  Pine  Floors.  No.  9  is  an  inter- 
esting building,  so  far  as  the  floors  go. 
Both  floors  Avere  smoothed  and  sandpa- 
pered, but  this  one  Avas  cut  in  between 
the  base,  and  that  takes  a  good  deal  of 
extra  time,  as  both  ends  have  to  be  care- 
tra  time,  as  both  ends  have  to  be  care- 
fully jointed.  While  aware  that  some  of 
the  best  modem  business  buildings  and 
residences  are  so  finished,  I  do  not  like 
the  style.  In  course  of  time  the  joint 
opens,  and  the  floor  is  in  a  worse  con- 
dition than  if  a  quarter  round  had  been 
used,  although  that  is  not  by  any  means 
an  ideal  finish.  In  my  apprenticeship, 
we  tongued  the  board  into  a  groove  in 
the  floor.  The  knees  of  the  men  were 
reddened  before  the  floors  of  a  house 
were  smoothed  and  the  grooAres  run. 
Now  machines  are  used. 

Bench  Smoothing.  In  the  largest 
room  the  ground  floor,  where  there 
was  no  hoisting,  3.2  sq.  was  the 
amount  laid  and  smoothed.  In  large 
rooms  the  jointing  is  a  simple  mat- 
ter, but  not  in  small  ones.  In  small 
rooms  above,  the  amount  Avas  2.3  sq. 
and  the  general  average  did  not  reach 
2.5.  On  the  first  sq.  the  average  was 
only  1.6  for  two  men  in  8  hours.  They 
were  first-class  mechanics,  and  they 
worked  hard.  Much  depends  upon  how 
a  floor  is  finished.  On  most  of  one  floor 
the  experiment  Avas  tried  of  smoothing 
the  boards  before  they  were  laid,  and 
then  merely  smoothing  the  joints,  but 
the  work  Avas  largely  thrown  away,  for 
although  the  flooring  was  good,  and  well 
matched,  it  Avas  necessary  to  smooth 
nearly  the  whole  surface  again.  The 
quantity  smoothed  on  the  bench  was 
1,000  ft.  in  a  day.  With  small  rooms, 
cut  in  between,  ami  properly  smoothed, 
2.24  is  a  large  enough  allowance,  al- 
though it  seems  a  low  one  for  two  I 

(To  Bo  Continued.) 


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More    Work    for    Carpenters    in    Slack    Months 


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Using  Tobacco 

Perhaps  you've  tried  to  stop  using  tobacco 
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nmed  users    telling    hov;    this    simple,  /       (  .v&i|feg5MftiV 
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ly  from  the  habit.    Just  mail  coupon—  /        y>C?jsc"^ 
or  a  postal  will  do.  /    ^^  v/.vS 

NEWELL  PHARMACAL  CO. 

Dept.    916  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

Send  me  without  obligation  to  me  in  any  way,  proof  that  Tobacco 
Redeemer  will  positively  free  me  from  tbe  Tobacco  Habit  or  my  money 
will  be  refunded. 

Name • •• 

Street  and  No ••••• 

Town... State ,... -...* 


riiia  superb  G- piece  set  Is  made  of  selected  solid  oak 
...rougriiout.  finished  in  rich,  dull  waxed,  brown  fumed 
>ak.  Four  pieces  are  padded;  seats  upholstered 
vith  browa  Detavan  Spanish  leather,  the  beat 
mitatioo  of  genuine  Spanish  leather  known. 
Morris  ROCker  has  the  real  comfort  riving  features 
tf  the  Morris  chair  and  couch,  as  well  as  the  addi- 
.ional  advantage  of  a  rocker.  The  back  Is  adjustable 
.o  3  positions.  Foot  rest  can  be  extended  or  hidden 
jmuely  under  seat.  Seat  measures  20  x  20  Inches, 
vl.Uh  of  back  27  inches,  height  of  back  from  seat  28 
nches.    Arms  4  inches  wide, 

*rm  Chair  !a  a  roomy,  dignified  piece  of  furni- 
ture, comfortable  and  big  enough  for  a  very  large 
person  while  not  seeming  too  large  for  the  ordinary 
aceupnnt.  Seat  19  x  17  1-2  in. ,  height  36  in. 
Arm  Rocker  la  a  massive,  atately,  comfortable 
■>iece.  with  beautifully  designed  back,  wide,  shapely 
trrns,  and  smooth  operating  runners.  Seat  19  x  17 1-2 
In.,  height  36  in. 

Library  Table  —  A  beautiful  piece  of  library  fur- 
niture. Beautifully  designed  ends  to  match  chairs 
with  roomy  magazine  shelf  below.  Legs  cut  of  2  In. 
itock;  massive,  dignified.  Top  measures  23  1-4  x  34  in. 
Reception  Chair  has  beautiful  shape  to  match  the 
tther  pieces.  Seat  measures  17  x  17  in.,  height  35  in. 
Jardiniere  Stand  matches  other  pieces.  A  dec- 
oration to  your  living  room  or  library.  Carefully 
built  throughout.  Measures  17  1-2  in.  high;  the  top 
12x12  Inches. 

Entire  set  shipped  knocked  down  construction.  Easy 

to  set  up.    Saves  freight  charges.  Wt.  about  230  ibs. 

Order  by  No.  B7340A.    $1.00  with 

coupon.  $3  a  month,  price  $33.80 

Straus  &  Schram, 


New  Set 

With  Solid  Comfort  Morris  Rocker 

Only  11.00  with  the  coupon  below  brings  this  sensational  furniture  bargain 
on  30  days  trial.  6  splendid  pieces  of  furniture  including  a  wonderfully  lux- 
urious and  comfortable  reclining  Morris  rocker  with  disappearing  foct  rest 
end  adjustable  back.  A  few  months  ago  a  set  like  this  would  have  ccst  you 
$45.00.  But  now,  on  a  special  factory  sacrifice,  we  can  slash  the  price  on  this 
complete  set  to  only  $33.80  and  on  easy  payments  of  only  $3.00  a  month  I 
Seize  this  wonderful  opportunity  on  this  special  offer.    We  take  all  the  risk 

30  Days  Trial-0nly$3O0aMonth 

Use  this  magnificent  6-pieee  library  set  for  30  days.  Compare  it  with  anything  you  can 
buy  locally  at  anywhere  near  the  same  price — even  for  spot  cash.  Then  ii  not  satisfied 
for  any  reason,  return  the  set  at  our  expense  and  we'll  refund  your  $1  at  once,  plus  nry 
freieht  charges  you  raid.  If  you  decide  to  keep  the  6et  start  paying  only  $3.00  a  month 
until  you  have  paid  $33.80.  A  full  year  to  pay.  We  trust  honest  people  anywhere  in  U.  S. 
One  price,  cash  or  credit.  No  discount  for  cash,  nothing  extra  for  credit,  no  C  O.  V. 

Get  this  offer-SendNow! 


Don't  delay. 
Just  send  $1.00 
with  the  cou- 
pon. If  you  wish  to  return  the 
set  after  30  days,  your  dollar 
will  be  refunded,  plus  all 
freight  charges  which  you 
paid.  Remember,  this  is  a 
special  limited  reduced  price 
approval  offer.  We  will  also 
send  our  free  Bargain  Catalog 
listing  thousands  of  amazing 
bargains.   Send  coupon  noiv. 

Department  30 19 
CHICAGO,    ILL. 


Straus  &  Schram.   Dept.   3019 


Chicago,  Illinois 

Ship  special  advertised  6- Piece   Famed 
im  to  have  30  doya  free  trial.    If    I  keeui 
.  .    H  S3.no   monthly,     m  not  aallMiad.  1  am 
to  return  the  net  within   Su  dHvs  ar.d    you  ore  to  refund  a. 
■  money  and  any  frel^t  ehnrjrea  I  paid. 

□  6-Piece  Library  Set  No.  B7340A.    S33.8Q, 


Enclosed  And  SI. 00. 
Oak  Library  Set.      1  l 
Bet,  1  will  pay  y>*» 


Name  . 


i  Street.  7?   F.  D. 
■  or  Box  No 


5  Shipping 
§  Poi7it 


J  Qjicc State 

ti               It  v'ou  only  w  iiit  catalog  put  x  in  box  oeiow: 
»■  □  Tl^ IV%SU>KS,isWtia  _  ,ii.- r<.,  i,  -...]'■.  i  Sudrpn'tflnthiff 


For  These  Cool  Evenings 

A  PHONOGRAPH 

MAKE   IT   YOURSELF    (in  yonr  spare  time). 

Four  .styles  to  choose  from  (latest  designs). 

SAVE,  The  manufacturers  and  retailers  profits. 

MAKE  THEM   FOR  YOUR  FRIENDS,  if  you  sell  one  the 

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Complete  woodwork  (cut  to  exact  size)  and  all  Cabinet 
Hardware  $29.50. 

We  also  furnish  motors  and  Tone  Arms. 

FREE  CATALOGUE   (upon  request). 

THE  CARPENTER  &  CABINET  MAKERS  SUPPLY  CO. 

434  W.  12th  Flare  Chicago,  III. 


TLis    Ls    '--i    level    t;-; 


Aluminum — Steel  Levels  Guaranteed  Not  To  Warp 


levels  haTe  a  steel  center  with  aluminum  flanges 


steel.    vrzieie  s'ss    e   liftee,    sereeeg   ezi 
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3.8  Sheffield   St. 


THE    P.    H.    VOGEL 


guaranteed  not  to  warp.     They  are  made  in 
Irrele  a  err!  ree   rem  order  and  we  will  mail 


New  Britain,  Conn. 


Sure   Rupture 
Comfort 

EE    COMFORTABLE — 

Wear    tee-.    Breiks    Ae  :.lir.r.:e. 


BROOKS  APPLIANCE  10.,  252"  State  St.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


AUTOMi 

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pt    C. 
CO.,  Incu 

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ss  of  your  own.  When  you  submit  your  own 
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b.     Books  and  tools  furnished.     Write  to-day 

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It  will  put  more  money  in  yonr  pocket.      Our 


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iept.    I0J.   Drexel    Eldg.,    Phita.,   Pa.     auacs* 


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INLAND  POULTRY  JOURNAL  De?t.3   I=.iis=£?i:is,  Iai 


'T  BE  CUT 

Until  You  Try  This  Won- 
derful Treatment.  My  internal 
method  of  treatment  is  the  correct  one, 
and  is  sanctioned  by  the  best  informed 
physicians  and  surgeons.  Ointments, 
salves  and  other  local  applications  give 
only  temporary  relief . 

I*   yiu    have  piles  in  any  form  write  for   a 
FREE   sample   of  Page's  Pile  Tablets  and  you 
will   eeless  the  day   that  you  read  this.     Write 
t:  leev. 
E.R.  PAGE, 322C  Page  Bldg.,  Marshall,  Mich. 


Brings  you 
a  genuine 


UNDERWOOD 

TYPEWRITER 

Latest  model— Shipman-Ward  rebuilt  like  new. 
Shipped  anywhere  on  ten  days'  free  trial— only  $3 
down.    If  you  can  tell  it  from  a  brand  ntw  machine 
in  looks,  action  or  quality  of  work  we'll  refund  every 
cent  paid  by  you.    below  fact  ry  price.   Guaranteed 
five  years.    Unbeatable  easy  payment  proposition 

Send  for  Our  Free  Book 

A  postal  will  brinj?  you  our  bis  typewriter  book  in 
colors  and  gold— FREE.    Every  etcp  in  famous  re 
building  process  illustrate  J  a  k1  explained.    Let  us 
show  you  how  you  can  save  real  money. 
Write  now— no  obligation. 

Shipman- Ward  Mfg.  Co. 
Typewriter  Emporium 
1409  Shipman  Bid?. 
Montrose  and  Ravens 
wood  Avenuep, 
Chicago 


Cut  out  big  profits.  Anyone  handy  with  tools 
can  make  a  cabinet  according  to  our  drawings 
and  simple  instructions.  We  furnish  mechan- 
ical parts  at  small  cost.  Drawings,  blue  prints, 
pins,   price   Jist,   etc.,   free   on   request.      Write   today. 

Associated  Phonograph  Company 

Department  9  Cincinnati,  Ohio 


LIGHTING  FIXTURES 

WIRED  READY  TO 

HANG 

Send  for  Catalog  No.  24. 

Dealers  ask  for  our  deal- 
ers' proposition. 
2RIE  FIXTURE  SUPPLY  CO. 

Station  No.  2  Erie,  Pa. 


"T"  PLUMB  AND 
LEVEL 

Rustproof,  being  made  of  alum- 
inum. Can  be  easily  attached  to 
any  straight  edge.  Simple  to  ad- 
just. Guaranteed  Accurate.  Size 
3ix2§   in. 

Price   $1.00    Delivered. 

J.  M.  WATERSTON 

423   Woodward   Ave.,    Detroit,   Mich. 
Complete  Tool   Catalogue  sent 

on    request. 


CARPENTERS' 

HAND  BOOK 


For  the  carpenter  on  the  job  there  is  no 
other  hand  book  that  gives  so  fully  the  meth- 
ods of  laying  out  work  and  containing  so 
many  every-day  "rules  and  tables." 

Among  some  of  the  tables  included  are 
those  giving  the  full  length  of  common,  hip, 
valley  and  jack  rafters,  also  the  cuts  required 
for  any  of  these  pitches.  In  these  tables  are 
given  2700  different  lengths  of  rafters,  300 
different  lengths  of  braces  and  the  proper 
cuts  for  same. 

The  layout  of  roofs,  including  complete 
roof  framing,  stair  building,  the  use  of  the 
steel  square,  etc.,  and  in  fact  all  the  up-to- 
date  information  and  SHORT  CUT  RULES 
for  every-day  use  in  a  first-class,  flexible- 
bound,  pocket  edition. 


Mail  this  Coupon  to 


D.   A.   ROGERS 

3101   Lyndale  Ave.   So.,   Minneapolis,   Minn. 
Enclosed  find  $1.00  for  which  send  me  by    re- 
turn mail  your   CARPENTER'S   HANDBOOK. 


Name 


St    and   No 

Town 

State   

The  book  that  will  help  you  on  the  job  or  your  money  back.* 


The  Rustless  Rule 

REQ.iu.naon 
Made  of  Luminoy.  a  special  m oj  ui   Aluminum. 

Here  is  THIC  Kule  every  Carpenter  and  Builder  should  hare.  It  won't  ruit. 
weighs  little,  has  brass  joints,  costs  less  than  a  steel  rule,  yet  1b  just  is 
durable,  has  large  figures  and  accurate  graduation,  together  with  permanent 
legibility. 

Made  in  lengths  2  to  8  ft.  If  your  dealer  can  not  supply  you  send  to  ui 
for  printed   matter  and   prices. 


THE  RUSTLESS  RULE  CO.,  INC. 


BufTalo.   N.   Y. 


The  Improved  Gem  Scriber 

The  Tool  of  Many   Uses,   One  "Best 
Bet"  for  all  Wood  Workers.    (Price  45c.) 

SSSSSlS  F.  Brais  &  Company 

1349  East  90th  Street,  Cleveland,  Ohio 


Play  WANO  By  Ear 


No  matter  how  little  you  know  about 
music,  if  you  can  just  remember  a 
tune,  I  teach  you  to  play  Jazz,  Rag- 
time and  Popular  Songs  BY  EAR  — 
easily  and  quickly.  Why  spend  years 
studying  tiresome  scales  and  finger 
exercises  when  you  can 

Learn  At  Home  in  90  Days 

and  play  any  tune  you  can  remember,  by 
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results  are  amazing.  Names  and  letters  from 
hundreds  of  enthusiastic  pupils  and  interest" 
ing  book  SENT  FREE.  Simply  write  me 
your  name,  addresa,  age — and  state  if  you 
have  ever  taken  piano  lessons;  if  so,  how 
many?     Write  today.      Address 

RONALD  G.  WRIGHT,  Director, 

NIAGARA  SCHOOL  OF  MUSIC, 
Dept.   435  Niagara  FaJli,  N.  Y. 


Send  far  this  Free  Book 


The  "INTERLOX"  Thinks 

Invented  by  a  Brotherhood  Man 

Don't  use  a  sri:k  cr  guess  z.z  a  measurement 


"InterIoxv  Master  Slide  Rule 


gives  borli  insidt 


i^easuren:ents 


Quick,  accurate,  no  figuring,  no  mistakes,  no 
lo=t  time.  Durable  and  rust  proof.  r*e  it 
once  and  you  will  never  work  without  it. 
Write  today  for  full  descriptive  circulars. 

MASTER  RULE  MFG.  CO.,  INC. 

J  84 1 C  East  136th  St.,  New  York  City 


The  IMPROVED  Rapid  Floor  Surfacer 


iht    up    to   the 
-d  without  the 


Bade  ii  Ss»eral  Sim 


Send  for  Our   Free 
Trial  Offer 

M.  L  Schlueter 

230  West  Illinois 

S:reet.  Chieaso 


K&E 


MEASURING 
TAPES 

are  the  Best 
For  Sale  by  all  Hardware  Dealers 

KEUFFEL&  ESSERCO. 

SEW  YORK,  m  Fitei  sras.  tomni  owa  ua  f».so-,k.  H030KEH,  H.  I.1 

CHICAGO  ST.  LOUIS         SAM  FRANCISCO  MONTREAL 

BIW- J  few.!*.       E7LMXBSI  35-M  Sn»M  K.  L  kpt.  C»«.  «L  «, 

Dwinf  Hlfflraiii,  Ktitantfat  nil  tirTOjnnj  hannrenB,  ■  tijiraij  Ttpa 


<-pHE  Wayvell  Chappell  Automatic  Eall  Bearing  Electric 
1  Floor  Surfacing  Machine  is  what  you  need  to  finish  your 
new  or  old  floors  quickly  and  just  the  way  you  wain  them. 

As  QTJ.AT.TTY  or  work  is  the  first  essential  in  finishing 
floors,  particularly  new  work  in  residences,  fiats,  apart- 
ments, etc,  all  roller  vibration  must  be  done  away  wiiiu 
It  is  remarkable  how  smoothly  and  ( 
steadily  this  ball  bearing  machine  op- 
eriee-s. 

Ozlr  y~r:~-'j-~g  "aciur.e  r.a"'r.g  reli- 
ef   sanding    eren    with    base- 
board   from    either     side 
machine,     doing     away     will'  j 
iintTen  work  of  edge  roll- 
er attachment.  Foursir.ee: 

Write  for  folders.     Ac- 
cept  our   free   trial   offer. 

(Machine  demon- 
strated also  at  our 
Branch  Office.  921 
tV-.sLieig-.c::  E'.tI., 
Chicago.) 

Han.  by  Wayyeil 

Chappell   &.  Cc. 

33    N.    Jackson    St. 

Dept,   A, 

Waukegan,    III,  Pat  1S12-1916 


INCREASE  YOUR  INCOME 

by  modernizing-  o  1  d 
windows  with  the  use 
of  CALDWELL 
SASH  BALANCES. 
They  have  stood  the 
test  for  upwards  of 
thirty-two  years. 

Write  for  information.     Dept.  C. 

CALDWELL  MFG.  CO. 

ROCHESTER,  N.  Y. 


jr 


~% 


INDENTED    BY   A    CARPENTER 

Morrill  Sawsets  have  been  the 
standard  for  almost  half  a  century, 
and  are  better  today  than  ever.  A 
Sawset  for  every  Saw. 


CHAS.  MORRILL 


New  York 


SET  SAVrS 
JliST  RIGHT 


MCRPTT-T. 
SAWSETj 


HUTHER  SAWS  BACKED  BY  THE 

SAME  POLICY  FOR  MORE 

THAN  50  YEARS 

Half  a  century  ago  we  started  to 
maufacture  Huther  Saws  with 
the  idea  of  building 
a  saw  that  would  com- 
bine the  highest  work- 
manship, the  greatest 
utility,  and  longevity 
of  service. 

That  we  have  succeeded  in  this 
endeavor  is  best   proved  by  the 

use   of   Huther 

Saws  in  thou- 
j  sands  of  plants 

from     coast    to 

coast. 

Write  for   illustrated   catalogue. 

Huther   Bros.    Saw    Mfg.    Co. 

Rochester,  N.  Y. 


ill  your  boy 
remember  this 
as  the  Christmas 
you  gave  him  his 


Mr.  Carpenter 


Wouldn't   You 

Like  to  Be- 
come a  Con- 
tractor and  Be 
Your  Own 
Boss? 

The 

Installation 

of 

FEDERAL 
METAL 
WEATHER- 
STRIPS 

Is  a  Very  Profit- 
able Business. 

Let  Us  Tell  You 
About  It. 

Write  Today. 


FEDERAL  METAL  WEATHERSTRIP  CO. 

1240  Fullerton  Ave.  Chicago 


Who  Signs 

Your  Pay  Check  ? 

The  carpenter  waits  for  his — the  contrac- 
tor signs  his  own !  One  quick  road  from 
the  carpenter's  bench  to  the  contractor's 
chair  is"  that  marked  out  by  the  experience 
of  others.  Here  are  two  handbooks,  just 
published,  which  will  give  you  the  records, 
the  experience,  the  methods  of  the  country's 
leading  contractors,  engineering  companies 
and  construction  engineers. 

Arthur's  NEW  BUILDIXC,  ESTIMA- 
TORS' HANDBOOK  is  the  only  standard 
guide  on  builders'  time  and  cost  data.  Its 
companion  volume,  the  APPRAISERS  AND 
ADJUSTERS  HANDBOOK,  gives  the  con- 
tractor all  Information  needed  in  making 
valuations  on  any  type  of  building  work. 

Special  Offer— You  Save  $1.50 

The  regular  price  of  these  two  books  is   $11.00.    By 
sending   In  your  order  for   i»'ih   copies  you    m 
tain    them   :u   the   special    combination    price    ol    only 
$9.50.      (Single    copies    sola    at    regular   price.)      Send 
no  money,  simply  mall  the 

FREE  EXAMINATION  COUPON 


0.  P.  C.  Book  Co.,  Inc.     239  West  39  St  New  York 

Send    me    for    FREE    EXAMINATION    the 

books    checked    below.      I    will    either    return 

them  <t  remit  Cor  them  at  the  end  of  in  days. 


I  □  ESTIMATOR,  $6     Q  APPRAISER,  $5. 
1         □  Both  Books,  Special  Price  $9.50 


Name 


Address    

Subscriber    to  •  Carpenter  ? 10-22 


<4&k    ■  . 

jSJafT":^ 

Send  for  Catalog 


Plumbing,  Heating  and  Pneumatic 
Waterworks  Supplies  afWlioIesale 


When  in  the  market  for  Plumbing,  Heating  and 
Pneumatic  Waterworks  Supplies  and  you  wish  to 

Save  20  to  40%  on  Every  Article 

order  from  us.  Small  orders  are  as  carefully 
handled  as  large  ones.  Only  Louse  selling  guar- 
anteed plumbing  and  heating  supplies  to  all. 


B.  KAROL  &  SONS  CO.,  804  So.  Kedzie  Ave.,  Chicago,  111. 


IF 


You  Want  To  Increase 
Your 


BUSINESS 

USE 


REG.    U.   S.   PAT.    OFT. 

It    is    laid    on    dry    boards    and   is 
guaranteed  waterproof. 

Send  to  the  manufacturers 
for   Sample   Book   "T" 

JOHN  BOYLE  &  CO.,  INC. 

ESTABLISHED    IC60 

dua2ne'4st.  NEW  YORK  REA7D°E72ST. 

BRANCH    202-204    MARKET  ST.  ST.    LOUIS 


SEXTOBLADE 
RAZOR 


STYLE  A  $3.00 

BUILT    FOR    CORRECT 
SHAVING. 


EASY  TO  STROP,  IN- 
SURING LONG  BLADE 
SERVICE. 


SIMPLEST  IN 

CONSTRUCTION 

ASK  YOUR  DEALER 

OR  EDW.  WECK  &  SON,  N.  Y. 


SNELL'S  AUGERS  AND  BITS 

The  Standard  the  World   Over 

Established  1790 
QUALITY  GUARANTEED 


SNELL  EXPANSIVE  BIT 


SNELL  SOLID  CENTER 


Selling  Agents: 
JOHN  H.  GRAHAM  &  CO. 

113  Chambers  St., 
NEW  YORK,  CITY. 


SNELL  MFG.  CO., 

FISKDALE,  MASS. 


AMERICAN    HANDY    SAW    TABLE 

y2  H.  P.  Motor  operates  it;  or  %  H.  P.  for  light 
work.  Furnished  also  with  countershaft  for  helt  drive. 
Saws  up  to  2"  thick  once  through. 

Steel  table  20"x26",  3G"  high,  saw  8"  Dia.  May  be 
raised  or  lowered  for  dado  work,  ripping,  cut-off  and 
mitre  gauges,  saw  guards  and  splitter.  Weight,  crated 
220  lbs. 

Price  Without  Motor  $60.00 

Ask  for   descriptive  bulletin   of   this   and  other  ma- 
nines  for  the  carpenter  and  builder. 

American  Saw  Mill  Machinery  Co. 

136  rt*ain  St.,  Hackettstown,  N.  J. 

50  Church  St.,  New  York — Tiie  Bourse,  Philadelphia. 


AND  BETTER 


Sager  Metal  Interlocking  Weath- 
erstrip has  stood  the  test  where 
others  have  failed  and  is  growing 
more  popular  every  day. 

Contractors  and 
builders  will  find 
Sager  Metal  Weath- 
erstrip the  best  side 
line  in  the  building 
business.  The  sell- 
.'ng  and  installing  of 
this  product  will 
keep  you  busy  and 
bring  an  increase  in 
profits  that  will 
please. 

SOME  GOOD 

TERRITORY 

OPEN  FOR 

LIVE  AGENTS 

Sager  Metal 
Weatherstrip    Co. 

164    W.    Austin 
Ave.,   Chicago. 


Give   Him    A   Useful    Christmas    Gift 
This  Year! 
Taintor  Positive  Saw  Set  No.  7^ 

(The  Newest  of  the  "Taintor  Saw  Set  Fam- 
ily").    Our  No.  7 i  Has  Double  Plunger,  one 
side  for  fine  and  the   other  side  for  coarse 
teeth,  and  Special  Hardened  "Ears." 
Special  Holiday  Offer  Good 

Until  Jan.  1,  1923 
Our  No.  7%  Double  Plunger  Saw  Set 
will  be  sent  by   Parcel   Post   to  any 
place  in 

U.  S.  or  Canada  for  $1.25 

(Regular  Price,  $1.75) 

Send   us    $1.25   and   we   will   do   the 

rest.     Our  Book  "Care  of  Saws"  will 

also  be  sent. 

Send  direct  to 

TAINTOR  MFG.  CO. 
95  Reade  St.  New  York  City. 


The  M.  F.  B.  Combined  Lock  and  Butt  Gauge 


This  gauge  is  a  duplex  mortise 
gauge.  It  will  place  and  space  the 
lock  and  strike- plate  in  proper  po- 
sition to  each  other. 

Gauge  with  cutters  rigidly  af- 
fixed to  the  bar.5 — Price — $2.00. 

Same  gauge  with  the  improved 
adjustable   cutters — Price; — $  2 . 2  5 . 

If  dealer  can  not  supply  you. 
Send  Money  Order.     Guaranteed. 

Manufactured    by 

M.  F.  BIERSDORF 

547  San  Julian  St. 

Member  of  L.  U.  No.  15S 


ing  out  mortise  for  strike- 
plate. 


LOS  ANGELES, 


Laying  out  mortise  for  iock. 


CAL. 


CARPENTERS- 
CONTRACTORS 

Make  This  Your  Har- 
vest Year.  Become 
Weatherstrip  Agents. 

300,000 

Tons.  Chicago's 
Coal   Shortage — 

empty  coal  bins  nation 
•wide  create  a  big  de- 
mand for  heat  con- 
serving equipment. 

A  PROFITABLE 
BUSINESS 

Allmetal  Weatherstrip 
is  easy  to  sell  an  1  sim- 
ple to  install.  Allmetal  Weath- 
erstrip contractor- agents  mah_ 
good  money — $5000  per  year 
up.  Many  were  carpenters  who 
wanted  a  business  of  i^eir  own. 
They  are  now  independent  and 
happy.  Don't  be  a  plodder 
through  life  on  uncertain  in- 
come. 

BUILDING  BREAKING 

RECORDS 

Building  is  exceeding  all  records  and 
will  for  years  to  come.  Now  is  t  e 
time  to  jump  in  and  clean  up  big. 
We  assist  our  agents  to  land  con- 
tracts, furnishing  selling  helps,  ad- 
v  ::ising  material,  demonstrating 
models,  etc.  You  get  fullest  co-oper- 
ation if  you  are  an  Allmetal  agent. 
Architects  are  including  more  and 
more  weatherstrip  in  their  plans. 
Property  owners  are  easily  shown 
that  weatherstrip  is  a  money  saving 
equipment.  It  cuts  coal  bills  way 
down. 

C  ARPENTERS=CONTR  ACTORS— 5f 
we  do  not  have  a  representative  in 
your  territory,  we  have  a  splendid 
opportunity  to  offer  you.  Send  for 
our  plan.  You  will  not  obligate  your- 
self in  any  way. 

allmetal1\tatherstrip 

COMPANY, 

126     West     Kinzie     Street,     Chicago. 

MAIL 

THIS 

TODAY 


Without  obligation  send  your 
agency  proposition  and  com- 
plete information  on  your 
agency  plan. 


Name    . 
Address 


THE    UBA    DOES    IT 

A   REAL   LEVEL   AND   PLUMB 
ioo^c  Adjustable.  No  Holes  to  Cut 

The     Greatest     Of    All    Straight-Edge    Levels 
Combining    The 
Good    Features 
Of    All    Other 
n     Straight-Edge 
^Levels  With  Bet- 
\>  ter  Ones  Added. 

\  Four  Way  Level 
Without  Removing 
Plate  For  Leveling. 
Plumbing.  Grades 
And  Pitches. 

A  real  level  and 
plumb      for      setting 

Indorsed  Ey  Leading 
Mechanics  And 
Builders. 

Large,  quiet-acting 
bulbs  Absolutely 
True,  and  Guaran- 
teed  Bust  Proof.  No 
Need  Of  An  Ordinary 
Level  When  A  UCA 
is  Carried  In  The 
Tool  Kit. 

At  All  Leading 
Hardware  Dealers  Cr 
Sent  Direct.  MEN- 
TION   DEALER. 

Price  Si. 25  in  the  U.  S.  and  Canada 
THE   UNION  LEVEL  M'F'G   CO. 

1979    W.    Ill    th   Street  CHICAGO,    ILL. 

Branch    Office:     Walkerville,    Ontario,    Canada 


THE 

EXPERT'S 

CHOICE 

FILE 


Does  twice  the  work  of  an  ordinary  file — in  half  the  time. 
The  Expert's  Choice  increases  the  value  cf  your  time  by 
»ver  50%.  By  spending  30  cents  you  can  make  it  back 
en  your  first  filing  job  alone.  It's  in  the  Quality — in  the 
cut  of  the  tooth  and  in  the  length  of  the  stroke. 

Frank  Luther.   Chicago,  says-       "The  Expert's 
Choice  File  files  IS  hand  saws  and  is  cheaper  a: 
a  cost  of  50c  than  the  ordinary  file  at  any  price." 
You  get  your  money  back  if  the  Expert  s  Choice  does  not  prove 
to  be  the  most  economical  file  yon  have  ever  used.      DELTA 
SAW  TILES  are  made  for  fine  or  coarse  teeth— also  for  that 
extra  hard   saw.      Buy    your   tools    of    the    dealer    who    selU 
Delta  Files.      He  is  the  quality  man. 

Trial  Offer  ^  your  dealer  cannot  supply  you.  send  us  20e. 
i  1  ewi  «"w  25c  or  s:c  for  trial  file,  sent  prepaid.  Do 
this  today — find  out  what  a  real  file  is 


?THE  HIGHEST  GRADEFILE  MADE 
DELTA  "HAND  SAW"  FILES 


CARPENTERS  SPECIAL' 


MECHANICS   FAVORITE1 


EXPERTS  CHOICE. 


The  File  You  Will  EyEVTiiAur  Use  riSes 


DELTA 

FILE 

WORKS 

PHILADELPHIA, 
PA. 


Look  for 
This  Sign 
at  Your 

Hardware 
Store 


Town 


TVe  ttU  Asia  Eil  FJ«  =jJ« —  Wt  *L3  delis  ca  recti;!  sf  30  ecstf  »es- 


Be  a  Floor  Surfacing  Contractor 

Make  $5,000  to  $15,000  or  More-Yearly 

This    Is   a   new,    uncroweled    field.     Floor   Surfacing   Contractor!    are    m-.UIng   bljr   money 
resurfacing  old   floors   in  homes   and   office   buildings   and    working   with 
who  prefer  to  sublit  the  floor  surfacing  contract.     It   Is  a   big  buMnesg  In  itself.      II 
comes   easily   by   American    Universal    Method.     We   furnish   office   forms,    advertising 
business  cards — in  fact,  everything  to  set  a  man  up  in  business. 

Old  Floors  Made  Like  New —  New  Floors 

Made  Perfect 

No  Dull  Seasons,  Lay-offs  or  Strikes 

There  are  hundreds  of  homes  and  office  buildings  being  remodeled — In  evi  ry  case 
the  floor  is  the  first  consideration.  There  are  hundreds  of  floors  right  In  your  own 
neighborhood  that  really  need  resurfacing.  Hundreds  of  people  can  well  afford  to  havi 
the  work  done  and  will  be  glad  to  have  you  do  it  when  you  show  them  the  American 
Universal    Method. 

This   machine   Is   electrically   operated   and  surfaces   more  floors   in   a   day   than   six 
men   can   do    by   hand.      Works    alike   on   new   and   old   floors    ami    on    any   si 
cottage  to  largest  auditorium.     Surfaces  clear  to  wall  without  hand   work. 

Contractors  and  architects  prefer  its  work  because  it  leaves  no  gander  waves  or  chat 
ter  marks.     Leaves  job  clean — vacuum  fan  leaves  dust  and  dirt  in   bag.     Machine  will 
pay  for  itself  the  first  month. 

You,  Too,  Can  Make  $20  to  l$ioo  A  Day 

"I  am  making  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  with  the  'American  Unirersal' 
and  find  it  a  good  paying  proposition.  My  avtrage  earnings  are  $28.00  per 
day".  Geo.  R.   Lal-Tash,   Mass. 

"I  make  the  'American  Universal'  way  of  floor  surfacing  a  specialty  now 
and  my  average  earnings  are  at  least  $20.00  a  day."    J.  A.  Xatzel. Arizona. 
My  earnings  in  one  day  have  been  as  high   as  $50.00  with   the    Ameri- 
can Universal'  machine."     E.  J.  Inman,  Ohio. 

"We  have  owned  one  of  your  Floor  Surfacing  Machines  for  about  two 
years.     We  find  it  earns  us  from  $40.00  to  $75.00  on  each  of  our  con- 
tract jobs."     P.  B.  Westcott  C  San,  Nebr. 

"I  have  made  good  with  the  'American  Universal'  Machine.  I 
have  sanded  about  $700.00  worth  of  work  in  two  months."  T.  J 
Easlcy,  Tenn. 

"The  'American  Universal'  is  a  dandy  machine  for  cleaning  and 
polishing  dance  floors.  I  have  earned  $62.00  clear  profit  iu  a  day. 
so  you  can  see  how  well  I  am  doing."  Glen  F.  Eartlett,  Oregon. 
"When  this  little  town  of  6.000  people  was  building,  we  made 
from  $350.00  to  $700.00  per  month  with  the  'American  Universal',  but  our  best  earnings  per  day  have  been  $100.00. 
$80.15,  $68.50.  $62.00  and  $80.00.     M.   L.  Derstine.   California. 

"I  have  earned  as  high  as  S50.00  with  my  'American  Universal    machine  and  wish  to  thank  you  for  the  courteous 
treatment  I  have  received  from  you.     Edward  McCernan.  Nebraska.  ..'_._ 

"I  am  well  pleased  with  the  American  Universal'.    I  have  made  $30.00  in  eight  hours  with  my  machine.       R.  Waynlck,  Texas 


You  Be  the  BOSS— Have  Others  Work  for  You 
THE  AMERICAN  FLOOR  SURFACING  MACHINE  CO. 

Originators  of  Floor  Surfacing  Machines, 
522  So.  St.  Clair  Street  Toledo,  Ohio 


|THE     AMERICAN    FLOOR  SURFACING   MACHINE  COMPANY 
522  So.   St.   Clair  St., 
jToledo,  Ohio,   U.  S.  A. 

(Gentlemen:    Please  send   me   without   obligation   to   me.    complete   lnforma'    n   and   literature   on   your   j ■: 
| The  lollowlng  Information  will  no  doubt   assist  you  in  advising  me. 


□     I    want-  to    become    a    Floor    Surfacing 
Contractor. 

□     I  am  not  now  a  contractor  of  any  kind 
but  was  in   following  business 


□     I  am   a  Building  Contractor  and  want 
to  use  it  on  my  own  cntracts. 


NAME     

STREET     - 

CITY    STATE..