,
i
— ^*^
'
\
/
•
you9 11 be glad in 1957 . . .
/^W%\
. . . you bought in 1947
When thousands of carpenters were
recently asked, "In your opinion, which
make of handsaw is highest in quality ?",
3 out of 4 said, "Disston handsaws."
Many reasons were given, most of which
add up to these: finer steel, longer life,
better service. To quote a few —
"Disston saws are tempered just
right for filing and setting"
"Three of my Disston saws are over
40 years old"
"The Disston saw has a perfect
balance and the handles are made to
fit the hand"
In the extensive Disston line there are
saws for every purpose. Specially
popular among carpenters is the
Disston D-8.
HENRY DISSTON & SONS, INC.
104 Tacony, Philadelphia 35, Pa., U.S.A.
VVVV^A/VVWVVvVVV^A'^AA^/VVV\AAA'VVVVVVAA^
DSSSTON D-8
The original Skew-back Hand Saw
Medium weight. Made of the famous Disston Steel,
specially tempered and hardened for faster cutting
and to stay sharp longer. Cross-cut saws are
made in 20-inch, 10 points; 22-inch, 8 and 10
points; 24-inch, 8 and 10 points; 26-inch, 7, 8,
10 and 11 points. Rip saws, 26-inch, 5Vi points.
Ask your hardware retailer
for a FREE copy of the
Disston Saw, Tool and File
Manual, or write to us direct.
mf/w
The saw most Carpenters use
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiner*
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXTII— No. 1
INDIANAPOLIS, JANUARY, 1947
One Dollar Per Tear
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents —
Horizons Unlimited
A leading industrialist predicts a 100% increase in living standards for American
workers during the next thirty years if businessmen revise their thinking. He points out
that high wages, short hours, paid vacations, sick leave, and all the other things labor
has fought for for years help to create lasting prosperity and a stable economy. By
the experiences of his own company he shows that these things can mean greater profits
too.
The Building That Flies
Library Fund Starts
12
Shortly the largest flying machine ever conceived by the mind of man will take off
from the blue waters of the Pacific adjacent to Los Angeles. This modern engineering
miracle was put together by the skill, inqenuity, and know-how of Brotherhood men-
members of Local No. 1553— who solved many problems and ironed out many "bugs"
which developed in the construction of the all-wood giant of the skies.
14
In conformity with the action taken by the Twenty-fifth General Convention, a Library
Fund has been started to rehabilitate the library at the Lakeland Home. More than 300
Locals, Auxiliaries and Councils have already responded with contributions— an indica-
tion that the Fund is going to be a real success.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS:
Plane Gossip
Editorials
Official
In Memoriam
Correspondence -
To the Ladies
Craft Problems -
10
16
18
26
27
28
29
Index to Advertisers
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
In Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All contracts for advertising space In "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject Jo the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
P»*e
E. C. Atkins, Indianapolis, Ind 4th Cover
Henry Disston & Sons, Inc.,
Philadelphia, Pa. 1
Fo'ey Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
Frank's Mfg. Co., Los Angeles,
Calif. 3
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 3rd Cover
Millers Falls Co., Greenfield,
Mass. 4
Paine Co., Chicago, 111 32
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn, 3rd Cover
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 3
Technical Courses and Books
American School, Chicago, 111. 3
American Technical Society,
Chicago, 111. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, 111. 4
D. A- Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 4
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans i.
Mason Engineering Service, Kala-
mazoo, Mich. _• 30
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo._ 32
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y 3rd Cover
KEEP THE MONEY
IN THE FAMILY!
PATRONIZE
ADVERTISERS
BE READY FOR
A BETTER JOB
AT BIGGER PAY
• Building boom is well under way. New homes
and other structures to be built will provide a tre-
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try and related building trades will cash in BIG
on their knowledge and skill. YOU can train in
spare time at home, at low cost, for a big-pay
job in this rich field. American School can help
you to success just as it has helped others dur-
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NO \V\ _fo r_FR ^E_mf^rmation .
AfVSERBCAN SCHOOL
Dept. BI44, Drexel Ave. at 58th St., Chicago 37, III.
Send me FREE information about your special training
plan covering subjects checked below.
□ Achitecfure & Building □ Automotive Engineering
D Drafting and Design □ Diesel Engineering
□ Contracting
D Practical Plumbing
D Air Conditioning
□ Refrigeration
D Electrical Engineering
□ Mechanical Engineering
D Plastics Engineering
□ Aviation □ Radio
G Business Management
□ High School Courses
sliming In
The
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are in demand to lay out and run build-
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and draws the big pay check. Learn at
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all practical every day work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
A-108 Tech Bldg. 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, III.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Name
Address
OUTSTANDING
FOR ACCURACY
EASE OF HANDLING
Langdon Acme
One Thing in Common — Quality!
to|^ MILLERS FALLS
^raSHr COMPANY
Greenfield, Mass., U. S. A.
— PRICE LIST —
Label and Emblem Novelties
Card Cases (Label) $ .10
Key Chains (Label) 15
Fobs (Label and Emblem) 50
Gavel* (Label) 1.25
Pins (Emblem) 1.00
Buttons (Emblem) 1.00
Ladies' Auxiliary Pins 1.75
Cuff Links, pair (Roman or White) Gold. 1.50
Belt Loop and Chain, Rolled Gold 75
Match Box Holders 15
Automobile Radiator Emblem 1.25
In ordering these goods send all orders and make all remittances payable to
FRANK DUFFY, General Secretary
Carpenters' Building
222 East Michigan St., Indianapolis, Ind.
ON-THE-JOB POCKET KSR
This new and revised edition of ^Carpenters and Builders' Practical Rules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out octagons, ellipses, roofs,
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
of length, etc. — also, rules for kerfing, drafting gable molding, getting the axis of a
segment, laying off gambrel roof and explaining the steel square.
this convenient 50 page $1.00 postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
pocket size (4ix6j) guide
to your job."
SEND $1.00 TODAY
D» Dftr^FDC 5344 Cinton Ave., So., Enclosed find $1.00. Please for-
■ M« TCvUKITC9p Minneapolis 9, Minn. ward by return mail one of your
Carpenters & Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
Name Address
Horizons Unlimited
The following' article is the partial text of a speech recently made before the
Super-Market Institute by Charles Luckman, president of Lever Brothers. What Mr.
Luckman has to say substantiates what labor has always contended; namely, that high
wages, short hours, paid vacations, sick leave, etc. make for prosperity and economic
stability. Mr. Luckman proves it by the experiences of his own company.
By CHARLES LUCKMAN, President of Lever Brothers
* *
SHORT OF CRYSTAL-BALL gazing-, I know of only one way to
measure the future of your business, or that of any business. This
simply involves estimating tomorrow's performance on the basis of
yesterday's accomplishments. Before doing this, however, let's be quite
sure we can agree on whose past and whose future we want to stack to-
gether.
It is clear that the way Mrs. Joe Doakes sets her table and keeps her
home is pretty much determined by the kind of a living standard her
husband is able to provide. .
Now, while this is an obvious fact
about the way our economy func-
tions, it suggests a number of impli-
cations which we in business have
been inclined to overlook. The first
of these is that we must do more
than pay lip service to the ideal of
a progressively higher standard of
living for the American wage earn-
er. If, as salesmen, we applaud that
attempt, then; as employers, we
must also do our part to make that
concept work for those employees
who depend on us for the kind of a
living standard they enjoy. I am
frequently amazed at the ease with
which we applaud the idea of a
higher standard of living for all
people, without apparently realiz-
ing that our own employees are also
part of the "people." It doesn't
make much sense for us to do only
a little for our own employees,
while expecting other industries to
do a lot, so that their employees
will be good customers of ours.
In thinking about the application
of this principle to my own com-
pany, I came upon some rather
startling facts that carry implica-
tions for the future which make
Buck Rogers look like a rank con-
servative. From our archives and
records, I was able to reconstruct
in part, a picture of our operations
thirty years ago. In the era of 1915-
1916, my company operated with
180 employees. We made our mer-
chandise in one small plant, and
sold it from one sales office. Our
total sales were less than one
million dollars, and our competi-
tive ranking was somewhere in the
neighborhood of tenth place.
The average plant employee
working for us made 21 cents per
hour, during a work week which
consisted of more than 50 hours of
work. He received no vacation with
pay, and no paid holidays. Premium
pay for overtime, or weekend or
holiday work was unknown. By the
same token, we made no provision
to support him, or his family, in
the event of sickness, accident, old
age, or death. This was the picture
then in 1915, and I might add, that
at that time, we were considered
THE CARPENTER
to be rather liberal employers,
judged by the standards of those
cays.
In the intervening thirty years,
our management broadened many of
its viewpoints, sometimes voluntar-
ily, and sometimes with a little per-
suasion from the bargaining agent
chosen by our employees, the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor, which is
certainly entitled to credit for the
influence it has brought to bear upon
our thinking and behavior as em-
ployers. With this shift in attitude,
which I might add, was not without
parallel in many, many other con-
cerns throughout the United States,
a very significant thing for your
business occurred. During this pe-
riod of 30 years, we grew inwardly
and outwardly to a point where to-
day almost 6,000 Lever families now
enjoy a standard of living which
enables them to be good customers
in your stores.
And here is how your new cus-
tomers were born. Our average
plant wage of 21 cents an hour in-
creased to Si. 13 per hour, while the
wosk week shrank from 50 to 40
hours. Premiums ranging from
"time and a half to "'double time
and a half" were instituted for over-
time after eight hours, and for work
on weekends and holidays. And,
since your customers must pay their
bills regardless of accidents, or ill-
ness, or age, our employees receive
the protection of a full pay envelope
for 13 weeks in the event of sickness
or accident. In addition, they are
given a pension at age 65 which pro-
vides them with an income equal to
20 per cent of earnings at time of
retirement, and this is over and
above Social Security benefits. In
the event of death, their families re-
ceive a minimum of S2,ooo life in-
surance which, like these other pro-
tections, is furnished by the corn-
pan}'' free of charge.
I I aw these conditions entitle us.
perhaps, to consider ourselves as
rather liberal employers, judged by
today's standards. But, as I said
at the outset of this discussion,
while the comparison between 1915
and the present, uncovers some
rather startling facts, it also carries
implications for the future which
make our present notions of liberal-
ism seem as remote and antiquated
as the ideas which passed for lib-
eralism in 1915.
My first and only factual state-
ment about the future of your busi-
ness is that it can and should double
during the next generation if the
leadership of American business is
willing to establish as its objective
for 1970 a standard of living for the
American wage earners which is at
least 100 per cent higher than the
level of today.
Now I submit that if we could
progress as a nation during the las:
30 years from an average of 24 cents
pej hour to Si. 11 per hour, then dur-
ing the next generation as a nation,
we should certainly be able to
increase average hourly earnings
from Si. 11 to S2.22.
I think we may expect a rapid
growth in the extension of the an-
nual wage principle, particularly as
it becomes more apparent to Ameri-
can business, that people who are
irregularly employed make bad cus-
tomers, whereas those whose employ-
ment is stabilized not only spend
their mone}" more freely, but also
make much better credit risks. I
believe too that sickness and acci-
dent, regardless of duration, will,
by then, be universally regarded as
insurable risks. It will be obvious
to everyone, that it is better for us
all to pay a premium of a few pen-
THE CARPENTER
nies a day, and share the risks, than
it is for the unlucky few to lose
their income for protracted periods
through no fault of their own. This,
too, will be g-ood for your business,
because your customers will not be
forced to restrict their buying when
their homes are darkened by the
adversities of sickness or accident.
In the same way, I believe that
we will grow to realize, that if
American industry can amortize and
retire its obsolete plant equipment
every ten years, it can certainly af-
ford to set aside once every 25 or
30 years a retirement fund large
enough to provide for the comfort-
able pensioning of its over-age man-
power. On any basis you want to
look at it, even the best retirement
plans today are both inadequate in
amount and overdue in application.
Once again, when the day comes
that the average American wage-
earner receives both a timely and
an adequate retirement income, your
business will improve. There is no
reason why the retired man of 65
should not be considered as good a
customer for you as the employed
man of 35. And parenthetically there
are, between the ages of 65 and 69
a total of about 4 million people. A
sizeable market — and a profitable
one — if they have money to spend
on your products.
I also look forward to the growth
of another national insight ; name-
ly, that there is nothing particularly
sacred about a 40-hour week." Busi-
ness exists in order that people may
live. People do not live in order
that business may exist. Now in
good living, leisure for recreation
and self-improvement is a most
powerful stimulant to increased
business.
Let anyone who doubts the value
of universal education ask why the
entire food and beverage industry
spent only 4 million dollars on ad-
vertising in 1915 as against over 200
millions today. Isn't it obvious that
the growing ability of advertising
to sell your products is directly re-
lated to the increase of our expendi-
tures for elementary and secondary
schools? For the simple truth is
that advertising is completely in-
effective, unless our population can
read, write and understand English,
and thereby raise the level of their
expectancies and desires. We have
made good progress in this direc-
tion. In 1915, we spent about half a
billion dollars nationally on elemen-
tary and secondary education, as
against almost 3 billion last year.
But we can make a great deal more
progress, because with a decreasing
work week, it may be possible for
us during the next 30 years to stim-
ulate adult education in a like fash-
ion. This would provide a powerful
stimulus to the welfare and to the
living standards of our nation.
Why is it that during the past 20
years American Business has be-
come identified in the public mind
as opposed to everything that spells
greater security, well-being, or
peace of mind for the little guy?
Why is it that scarcely a month
goes by these days but that some
trade association or other decides to
embark on a crusade to save free
enterprise for America? I think the
answers are pretty clear. We got
the reputation we have because, by
and large, we earned it. How? Well,
we declared war on collective bar-
gaining. We actually opposed in-
creased taxes for education. We
fought health and safety ordinances.
The record proves that we battled
child labor legislation. We yipped
and yowled against minimum wage
laws. We struggled against un-
employment insurance. We decried
Social Security, and currently we
THE CARPENTER
are kicking the hell out of propo-
sals to provide universal sickness
and accident insurance.
"We did all these things without
making one single constructive sug-
gestion which would assure the
American people of our desires to
achieve the same results for them
on a basis which would be more
businesslike and less political.
W "here on the record is there a sin-
gle example to show that Big Busi-
ness or Big Trade Association ever
initiated a legislative program of
benefits for the workers? Is it not
clear that they have always waited
until they were asked or forced to
do so? Of course, I recognize that
there have been isolated exceptions,
but they merely serve to accentuate
our general dereliction.
We did all these things, and to-
day we wonder why people don't
like Big Business ! We wonder why
it is necessary to start campaigns to
save free enterprise from the dam-
nation bow-wows.
The answer is that we were doing
everything within our power to
prove to the American people that
business was neither free nor en-
terprising when it came to the sim-
plest social needs of the community.
To solve the problem we started to
sell our brand of economics to a
group of customers who were al-
ready pretty sore at us. And the
theme of this, "brilliantly timed"
sales campaign was that all the
other systems in the world are a lot
worse than our own. There was no
alternative theme possible, because
we lacked either the conviction, or
the courage, or the vision to tell the
American people what we thought
our system of business could do for
them in the future.
The average American is not in-
terested in the number of bath-tubs
in Russia, or in the telephone situa-
tion in Sweden. He simply doesn't
give a damn about the average life
expectancy in India, and he is more
or less indifferent to the kilowatt
hours of electricity sold in Czecho-
slovakia. What he wants to know is
"When am I going to get modern
plumbing?" and '""When can I afford
a private telephone?" He is inter-
ested in the future, as Kettering
said, "because from now on I have
to do all my living there."
Nov.- the only way he will buy
our method of doing business is if
we satisfy him that we of business
intend that system to work progres-
sively well for him.
W e cannot plant this conviction
in his mind unless we do two things.
First, we must mean it. And, sec-
ond, we must merchandise our
plans and policies the way we do
our products. That means that,
when we talk to the people of this
country, we've got to stop making
noises like a corporation. If our
product advertising were written as
badly as most of our institutional
copy, we would have been out of
business a long time ago. What
we need are fewer negotiations and
apologies and more affirmations and
constructive plans.
In this connection, some of you
may wonder whether it is really
wise for me. as an emplover. to
state that I believe in higher wages,
shorter hours, bigger pensions and
so on. Isn't it "dangerous" to talk
this way? Won't it put "ideas" in
our employees' heads, and make
"trouble" ? Aren't we running the
risk that our employees will mis-
take our objectives for a promise,
our hopes for commitments ?
My answer to these questions is
that all employees can read, write
and understand English. Conse-
quently I refuse to sell them short
on common sense! I believe that we
THE CARPENTER
of management can share our objec-
tives and hopes with them, without
fear of crucifixion. I am also clear
that unless we share our visions of
the road ahead, we cannot expect
the men who work with us to un-
derstand the temporary disappoint-
ments that inevitably arise along
the way. Furthermore, we cannot
expect them to put forth that special
effort which so often spells the dif-
ference between disaster and sur-
vival, unless they know the inten-
tions within our mind and hearts.
We must all go back and work
for decent minimum wage legisla-
tion in our own state. Forty per
cent of the increased purchasing
power will flow into your cash reg-
ister. We must fight for • bigger
educational appropriations, remem-
bering that illiteracy is the enemy
of every sales promotion. We must
stimulate interest and discussion in
established employment plans, with
the personal knowledge that the as-
surance of a stable income is a won-
derful tonic for the appetite. We
must start pension plans for our
own employees as an example to
the community, realizing that the
average age of our population is in-
creasing and that a mere token in-
come for the aged not only consti-
tutes a moral outrage but also makes
for off-key cash register music. We
must encourage efforts in our own
community to insure against the
hazards of sickness and accident.
Bankrupt citizens are poor custom-
ers.
This is not to say that we should
pursue a blindly idealistic policy of
sweetness and light. Realism com-
pels us to recognize that the abuses
of Big Labor should be rectified and
rectified promptly in the public in-
terest. My entire theme here is that
Joe and Mrs. Doakes deserve to be
protected by safeguards against so-
cially destructive selfishness wheth-
er it stems from Management or
Labor.
My plea to you is that we of
Business should take the first step
forward under our own power; and
for the first time, present to the
American people a constructive pro-
gram for the future which will en-
title us to the leadership which we
have so often claimed but so rarely
exerted.
In a word, let us reverse some of
our historically negative attitudes,
and become a force for enthusiastic
progress each in his own commun-
ity. And as we do these things, let
us not forget the part that vision
and enthusiasm should play in this
undertaking. Let us discard fear,
and share our hopes with America.
There is no other road to together-
ness.
Two Bitter California Disputes Continue
As 19 46 drew to a close the situation in the Redwood Lumber Industry of
California remained virtually unchanged. So did the situation in the Hollywood
movie studios. As this issue went to press the Redwood workers were battling as
valiantly as ever for union wages and union working conditions despite the fact
they have been on the picket line since January, 1945. Products from the nine
major Redwood mills involved in the dispute are getting the cold shoulder from
carpenters all over the western states. Redwood produced under fair conditions
bears the label "APL-8." That which does not bear the "AFL-8" label is the
product of one of the unfair mills and gets treated as such.
In the movie studio situation the producers and the IATSE are still conducting
their combined assault on bona fide unionism. However, the members of Local
No. 946 are as determined as ever to protect their jurisdiction, their organization
and the true principles of unionism. They are standing pat.
-5 IP
CAUSE AND EFFECT
"When are workers going to stop de-
manding wage increases?" asks an edi-
torial in a national magazine. Trying
to answer that question is like trying to
answer "How high is up?" However,
we can probably give as good an an-
swer as any by telling the old chestnut
about the soak.
It seems this particular tippler peri-
odically ended up before the local mag-
istrate on a 'charge of being drunk and
disorderly. Sure enough one fine Spring
day he found himself standing before
the bar of justice right on schedule.
"Joe Doakes," said the judge with se-
verity, "You are charged with habitual
drunkenness; what have you to offer in
the way of an excuse?"
"Habitual thirst, your honor," replied
the prisoner without batting an eye.
That is the way it is with labor ask-
ing for more money. When habitual
price rises stop driving living costs into
the stratosphere, labor will probably
stop asking for more money except when
increased productivity makes it feasible.
"Of course my husband is only a
amuteur carpenter."
RUNNING WATER FREE
After a year and a half of high-pow-
ered statistics, graphs and charts (and
very few finished houses), the govern-
ment has finally conceded that its am-
bitious housing program has bogged
down. To millions of Americans who
have searched in vain month after
month for a place to live the govern-
ment's admission is no news. Neither is
it to one Chicago veteran who wrote
his landlord as follows:
Dear Sir:
In spite of everything I can do the
bathroom faucet refuses to work. Now
I'm not kicking, mind you, but I was
just wondering if it would be possible
to have the hole in the roof shifted to
over the tub.
Sincerely yours,
CORRECT DIAGNOSIS
The car lay on its side. After turning
several somersaults it was a complete
wreck. It took the rescurers several
hours to extricate the driver. Finally
they worked him free of the wreck and
rushed him to the closest doctor.
"I'm sorry," said the doctor, "I can't
do anything for him. You see I'm a vet-
erinary surgeon."
"That's all right," retorted the pa-
tient weakly, "I was a jackass to think
I could do sixty on those tires."
Moral: Traffic accidents are increas-
ing alarmingly so do not take any
chances. Drive safely at all times.
THE SCOTCH OF IT
Sharp received a letter from his
friend McTavish which bore no stamp,
and he had to pay postage. The letter
concluded: "You will be delighted to
hear I am enjoying the best of health,
old chap. Yours, McTavish."
Sharp then wrapped up a large stone,
and without paying postage, sent it to
McTavish with the following note:
"This great weight rolled off my mind
when I read your good news."
THE CARPENTER
11
IT ONLY LOOKS EASY
Anti-labor forces throughout the na-
tion greeted the issuing of the vicious
injunction in the recent coal dispute
with undisguised glee. What they over-
look is that compulsion never dug any
coal. And they also overlook the fact
that the Thirteenth Amendment has
never been repealed. In their short-
sighted jubilation they sort of remind
us of the pompous Colonel.
This particular Colonel was always
telling his subordinate officers and men
that nothing was considered impossible
by the Army. Time and again he im-
pressed this fact on the men below him.
One day he ordered a Captain to clear
a right-of-way through a swamp. The
Captain took a company of men with
him and tried to carry out his assign-
ment. However, the mud was so deep
it was impossible for the men to work.
When he told the Colonel the job was
an impossible one, the Colonel scoffed.
Again he ordered him to clear the right-
of-way.
For a whole day the Captain and his
company toiled but they got exactly
nowhere. When the Captain again re-
ported failure, the Colonel snapped:
"Hang it man, the Army can do any-
thing. Put in a requisition for absolute-
ly anything you need and the Army will
get it for you. Now go make that road."
The Captain obtained a requisition
blank and sat down at his desk with his
pen in hand. For some time he pon-
dered. Finally he filled out the requisi-
tion as follows:
"I want twenty-five men eighteen feet
tall to build a road across a swamp fif-
teen feet deep."
NOT VERY PARTICULAR
An actual ad in the want ad columns
of an Indianapolis paper:
WANTED; Inspector. Splendid op-
portunity for a man with a religious
faith who does not drink nor use to-
bacco. None other need apply. Blank
Lock Company.
What? It doesn't make any difference
whether a guy parts his hair on the left
or right?
• • •
Only fools and dead men don't change
their minds. Fools won't and dead men
can't. — John A. Patterson.
APPEAL TO IGNORANCE
A new hate group, patterned after
Hitler's brownshirts, is endeavoring to
gain a foothold in this country. To the
eternal credit of Americans everywhere,
the group is finding very tough sledding.
Except for a few mal-contents who vis-
ualize themselves as sort of American
Fuehers, the group has gotten no
place, since it appeals mostly to the
ignorant, and Americans are anything
but ignorant.
Whenever we think of Americans
joining such an organization, we re-
member the sign we once ' saw on a
service station in a barren part of the
west. It said:
"Yes, we have gas, oil and repair
service, but don't ask us for informa-
tion. If we knew anything we wouldn't
be here."
• • •
NO COMPLIMENT TO THE APES
When Darwin first propounded his
theory that man is first cousin to the
apes there was quite an argument start-
ed and it has been raging ever since.
In view of what man has been doing
the last few generations we wouldn't be
surprised if the apes weren't arguing
about it now too — trying to disprove
Darwin's theory.
"I. •■' W.-J.: ".. .),, ," ■.■■ ,, '• I /
"Here I am again with a few more
changes I want made."
12
The Building That Flies
SOMETIME in the very near future the world's largest airplane, the
Hughes Flying Boat, will take off from the blue waters of the
Pacific adjacent to Los Angeles. When the eight motor craft first
becomes airborne, the skill and devotion and know-how of five hundred
Brotherhood members will fly with it. They are the men who built it
and shaped it. bit by bit, and piece by piece.
It was in January, 1943, that the Hughes Aircraft Company decided
to put together the largest air machine ever conceived by the mind of man.
The war was at its height and big-
ger and better cargo-carrying planes
were desperately needed. The
Hughes project received top prior-
ity. Hundreds of highly skilled cab-
inet makers and millmen were need-
ed at once. To meet the challenge,
the Los Angeles District Council
organized Local Union No. 1553,
known as Wood and Plastic Air-
craft Workers. Five hundred of the
most highly skilled artisans in the
area were induced to take employ-
ment in the Hughes plant.
For several years these members
of Local 1553 worked on the pro-
ject. It was their skill and know-
how that solved many of the most
difficult problems. Out of wood
they had to create parts that had
heretofore been metal. Under their
skilled hands the huge plane took
shape and form. Their hands are
now working on the details of final
assembly.
The Hughes Flying boat is one of
the greatest engineering feats in the
world. It is an all-wood proposition
and it uses plywood in more intri-
cate manners than any other project.
The huge spars, ribs, small beams
and braces, specially designed an-
gles, and even the skin have been
fabricated from birch and poplar
veneers.
For the skin, Phenolic resin glue
was used and cured in hot presses.
Laminating of the large beams and
much of the general assembly was
accomplished through the use of
cold setting Urea-formaldehyde
resin glue. Joints in the hull and
skin below the water line were fab-
ricated by the use of warm setting
Resorcinol-formaldehyde resin glue.
In parts of the huge flying boat
wood craftsmen worked to toler-
ances as close as .005 inch, this in a
craft with a gross weight of 200
tons and with a wingspan of 320
feet. It is powered by eight 3,000
h.p. engines. From the keel to the
top of the 220 ft. hull is 30 ft. And
from the keel to the top of the
vertical stabilizer is 85 ft.
Such dimensions are more quick-
ly visualized if the plane is pictured
on a football field where the wings
would extend 10 feet over the g"oal
line at each end of the field. From
the keel to the top of the vertical
stabilizer is approximately 8-J- stor-
ies. The horsepower of the eight
engines is roughly equivalent to
that of seven modern locomotives
whisking streamlined trains across
the country. The plane could lift
and carry a 60-ton tank. In addition
the fuel (14,000 gallons) weighs
about 42 tons in itself.
Workers, most of them members of Local 1553, happily watch the great
hull as it first moves out, starting the long haul from plant to assembly line.
An aerial view of the Hughes Flying Boat as it is assembled in the grav-
ing dock at Long Beach, California. Wings are mated and in position on the
nun. Horizontal stabilizers and vertical stabilizer are in position ready for
elevators and rudder. Slips are to stretch out before the dock and to clear
tne two floats. White lines on tlie paving declare "no smoking" area.
AT THE Twenty-fifth General Con-
vention held in Lakeland last
April, the matter of the library at
the Home came in for considerable at-
tention. The Home and Pension Com-
mittee in its report to the convention,
pointed out that the years have taken
their toll insofar as the Home Library
is concerned. Many books will soon
have to be replaced and new books,
magazines, and reading material will
have to be ordered.
It was the suggestion of the Home
and Pension Committee that a special
Library Fund be set up for the purpose
of rehabilitating the library. That part
of the Committee's report read as fol-
lows: "To accomplish this purpose may
we suggest a system of voluntary con-
tributions to a library fund in somewhat
the same way as we so ably fulfilled the
needs of our Armed Forces through the
medium of the War Cigarette Fund."
The report of the Home and Pension
Committee was unanimously adopted.
Consequently in conformity with the
suggestion contained therein, the Gen-
eral Office on November 14 circularized
affiliates of the Brotherhood regarding
the Library Fund. The response to that
appeal has been very gratifying. Al-
most 3 00 Local Unions, District Coun-
cils, and Auxiliaries have responded to
date. In order to keep the library up
to date, however, it will take a healthy
fund. Of all the facilities at the Home,
the library is undoubtedly the most
cherished.
Donations to the fund up to December
15 are as follows:
L. C.
492
923
958
1367
74
2
105
719
197
-OS
1209
1128
1224
1784
362
943 ■
02
203
377
1477
1008
388
839
781
30m
1148
1607
106
1761
794
1201
1664
1635
2588
696
11
259
200
1665
345
504
1155
3117
669
47
133
87
1994
627
2048
533
90
City and State Amt.
Reading, Pa 25 00
Cleburne. Tex 5 00
Marquette. Mich 1" 00
Chicago. Ill • 10 00
Chattanooga. Tenn 25 00
Cincinnati. Ohio a 00
Cleveland, Ohio 5 )
Freeport. Ill 10 00
Sherman. Tex 10 00
New York (Brooklyn I 10 00
Newark. X. J 25 00
La Grange, 111 25 00
Emporia. Kans 10 00
Chicago. Ill 25 00
South Bend, Ind 10 00
Tulsa. Okla 25 00
Chicago. Ill 10 00
Poughkeepsie, N. Y 10 00
Alton. IU 50 00
Middletown, Ohio 25 00
Louisiana, Mo 12 50
Richmond, Va 25 00
Des Plaines. Ill 5 00
Princenton. N. J 10 00
Galesburg. Ill 5 00
Green Bav, Wis 10 00
Biloxi, Miss 25 00
Des Moines. la 15 00
Newcastle. Ind 5 00
Leominster. Mass 5 00
Borger. Tex 12 05
Bloomington, Ind 5 00
Kansas City, Mo 50 00
Bates. Ore 10 00
Tampa. Fla 10 00
Cleveland. Ohio 25 00
Jackson. Tenn 25 00
Columbus. Ohio 25 00
Alexandria. Va 10 00
Memphis, Tenn 200 00
Chicago. 111.
Columbus. Ind.
Shelbyville. Ind.
10 00
5 00
7 00
Harrisburg. Ill 10 00
25 00
5 00
St. Louis." Mo.
Terre Haute. Ind.
St. PauL Minn 25 00
Natchez. Miss.
Jacksonville. Fla.
Corona. Cal. . . .
Jeffersonville. Ind.
I
25 00
25 00
10 no
Evansville, Ind 25 00
L. D. City and State Amt.
1098 Baton Rouse. La 100 00
1434 Moberlv. Mo 10 00
1658 Grove City. Pa 5 00
950 New York. N. Y 5 00
1175 Kingston. N. Y :
537 Rahwav. N. J 1" 00
1933 Claremore. Okla
1SS3 Macomb. Ill 3 00
1938 Crown Point. Ind
1016 Rome, N. Y 50 00
635 Boise. Ida 10 00
860 Framingham. Mass 15 00
60 Indianapolis. Ind 1
626 Wilmington. Del a
215 Lafayette. Ind
599 Hammond, Ind 1
2679 Bovill. Ida 10 00
66 Jamestown. N. Y
1595 Conshohocken. Pa 1
2245 Fallon. Nev a 00
993 Miami. Fla
100 Muskegon. Mich 2S
1278 Gainesville. Fla 2a
1217 Greencastle. Ind
58 Chicago. Ill 50 00
437 Portsmouth. Ohio 5 00
665 Amarillo. Tex
64 Louisville. Kv
985 Garv. Ind 25 00
4M2 Atlantic City, N. J II 00
36 Oakland. Cal 5
253 Omaha, Neb 25 00
1655 Sapulpa, Okla
2340 Bradenton. Fla
1613 Newark. N. J i
417 St. Louis, Mo 5 00
904 Jacksonville. Ill 25
841 Carbondale. Ill 2 7 00
1S46 New Orleans. La 5 00
16 Springfield. Ill 25 01 1
819 West Palm Beach. Fla 10 00
586 Sacramento. Cal 10 00
271 Chicago. Ill 1" 01 1
284 Jamaica. N. Y 10 00
1365 Cleveland. Ohio 10 00
486 Bavonne. N. J 5 00
1351 LeadviUe. Colo 5 00
196 Greenwich. Conn 10 00
83 Halifax. N. S 25 00
322 Niagara Falls. N. T 25 00
242- Chicago. Ill 25 00
8 Philadelphia. Pa 50 00
THE CARPENTER
15
L. U. City and State Amt.
1 Chicago, 111 25 00
1456 New York. N. Y 25 00
10 Chicago, 111 25 00
96 Springfield. Mass 5 00
507 Nashville, Term 25 00
1682 Richmond, Va 5 00
462 Greensburg, Pa 10 00
1241 Thermopolis, Wvo 5 00
791 Brooklyn, N. Y 50 00
918 Manhattan, Kan 10 00
146 Schenectady, N. Y 50 00
895 Tarrvtown, N. Y 10 00
947 Ridgway, Pa 5 00
189 Quincy, 111 5 00
67 Roxbury, Mass 10 00
S90 Holyoke. Mass 10 00
662 Mt. Morris, N. Y 10 00
2044 Ottawa, Kans 5 00
10.35 Taunton. Mass 5 00
2022 Perryville, Mo 5 00
39 Cleveland, Ohio 10 00
940 Sandusky. Ohio 25 00
131 Seattle. Wash 50 00
514 Wilkes-Barre, Pa 2 00
72 Rochester, N. Y 10 00
1715 Vancouver, Wash 25 00
1207 Charleston, W. Va 10 00
429 Montclair, N. J 10 00
71 Ft. Smith, Ark 10 00
160 Philadelphia, Pa 10 00
1244 Montreal, Que., Can 10 00
1438 Warren, Ohio 10 00
1151 Batavia, N. Y 10 00
801 Woonsocket, R. 1 10 00
2207 Enuclaw, Wash 10 00
1788 Indianapolis, Ind 5 00
1210 Salem. Mass 5 09
1048 McKeesport. Pa 25 00
182 Cleveland. Ohio 25 00
78 Troy, N. Y 10 00
1403 Watertown. Wis 2 00
292 Shawnee, Okla 34 00
461 Highwood, 111 25 00
171 Youngstown, Ohio 25 00
162 San Mateo. Cal 10 00
2812 Missoula, Mont 10 00
5 St. Louis, Mo 10 00
620 Vineland, N. J 10 00
691 Williamsport, Pa 10 00
110 St. Joseph, Mo 10 00
2059 Bismarck, N. D 5 00
948 Sioux City, la 25 00
366 New York, N. Y 25 Q0
297 Kalamazoo, Mich 25 00
602 St. Louis. Mo 5 00
359 Philadelphia, Pa 5 00
7 Minneapolis, Minn 10 00
830 Oil City, Pa 3 00
329 Oklahoma City, Okla 100 00
1643 Chagrin Falls, Ohio 10 00
2258 Houma, La 10 00
1102 Detroit, Mich 50 00
639 Akron, Ohio 10 00
132 Washington, D. C 15 00
1693 Chicago, 111 20 00
2800 New Orleans. La 5 00
1328 De Land, Fla 10 00
1042 Plattsburg, N. Y. 10 00
1032 Minot, N. D 5 00
866 Norwood, Mass 5 00
448 Waukegan, 111 10 00
677 Lebanon, Pa 10 00
2079 Houston, Tex 10 00
1172 Billings, Mont 25 00
1298 Nampa, Idaho 5 00
1672 Hastings, Neb 5 00
1265 Monmouth, 111 5 00
349 Orange, N. J 10 00
411 San Angelo, Tex 5 00
1443 Englewood, N. J 5 00
1596 St. Louis, Mo 25 00
822 Findlay, Ohio 10 00
588 Montezuma, Ind 10 00
788 Rock Island, 111 5 00
1249 Fayetteville, Ark 15 00
416 Chicago, 111 5 00
871 Battle Creek, Mich 10 00
1743 Wildwood, N. J 10 00
2356 Ludington, Mich 10 00
1932 Mobile, Ala 5 00
L. U. City and State Amt.
334 Saginaw, Mich 5 00
633 Granite City. Ill 25 00
483 San Francisco, Cal 10 00
953 Lake Charles, La 10 00
1470 Conway, Ark 5 00
1818 Clarksville, Tenn 30 00
1072 Muskogee, Okla 25 00
183 Peoria. Ill 20 00
1275 Clearwater, Fla 10 00
1508 Lyons, N. Y 5 00
47 Chicago, 111 25 00
80 Bernardsville, N. J 10 00
453 Auburn, N. Y 5 00
1849 Pasco, Wash 10 00
1489 Burlington, N. J 5 00
222 Westfield. Mass 10 00
1075 Hudson, N. Y 5 00
425 Tuscaloosa, Ala 3 00
1240 Oroville, Cal 10 00
1384 Sheridan, Wyo 5 00
264 Milwaukee, Wis 25 00
1276 Central Valley, N. Y 5 00
1079 Ridgefield Park, N. J 10 00
971 Reno, Nev 10 00
2014 Barrington, 111 5 00
1051 Truro, N. S 5 00
1835 Waterloo, Iowa 5 00
1073 Philadelphia, Pa 5 00
230 Pittsburgh, Pa 10 00
753 Beaumont, Tex 10 00
889 Hopkins, Minn 10 00
643 Chicago, 111 10 00
404 Willoughbv, Ohio 10 00
1636 Whiting, Ind 5 00
185 St. Louis, Mo 10 00
616 Chambersburg, Pa 10 00
605 Golconda, 111. 5 00
1289 Seattle. Wash 25 00
1204 Brooklyn, N. Y. 10 00
1465 Frankfort, Ind 25 00
1307 Evanston, 111 25 00
1946 London, Ont., Can 10 00
935 Princenton, Ind 5 00
440 Buffalo, N. Y 25 00
1206 Norwood, Ohio 25 00
624 Brockton, Mass 10 00
1723 Columbus, Ga 10 00
198 Dallas, Tex 25 00
867 Milford, Mass 5 00
8 Philadelphia. Pa 5 00
55 Denver, Colo ~. . 50 00
Lake Co. Carp. D. C, Michigan Citv, Ind. 25 00
Carp. D. C, Springfield, Mass. & Vic. . . 10 00
Chicago D. C, Carp.. Chicago. Ill 100 00
D. C. of Carp., Seattle & King Co. & Vic. 100 00
Carp. D. C, Washington, D. C, & Vic. . . 25 00
Carp. D. C, St. Louis, Mo 50 00
Carp. D. C, Miami, Fla 10 00
Twin City, D. C, St. Paul, Minn 10 00
Miami Valley Carp. D. C, Davton, O. . . 50 00
Essex Co. & Vic, D. C, Newark, N. J. 25 00
Providence, Pawtucket, Central Fl. D.
C, Providence, R. 1 10 00
Carpenters D. C, Buffalo, N. Y 50 00
Fall Cities Carp. D. C, Louisville, Kv.. . 10 00
Carp. D. C, Rochester, N. Y 10 00
Metropolitan D. C, Philadelphia, Pa. . . 25 00
New Orleans, D. C, New Orleans, La. . . 5 00
Troy & Vic. D. C, Trov, N. Y 10 00
Grand Rapids D. C, Mich 10 00
Ladies' Aux. 265, Longview, Tex 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 165. Columbus, Ohio 4 00
Ladies' Aux. 427, Pasco, Wash 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 412. Vista, Cal 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 4, Des Moines, la 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 62. Los Angeles, Cal 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 122, Kansas City, Mo 25 00
Ladies Aux. 445. Terre Haute. Ind 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 170, San Diego, Cal 10 00
Ladies' Aux. 345, Waterloo, la 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 252, Milwaukee. Wis 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 198. Bellingham. Wash.... 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 442. Evansville, Ind 10 00
Ladies' Aux. 50, Rahway. N. J 5 00
Ladies' Aux. 358, Placersville. Cal 5 00
Ladies Aux. 232, Bakersfield, Cal 5 00
John Howatt, Gen. Rep .? 25 00
A Friend 10 00
Total $4,684 55
Editorial
Even Senator Claghorn Knows It
Using the recent coal strike as a convenient vehicle and John L. Lewis
as a convenient whipping- boy, the anti-labor forces in this country have
stepped up their attacks on organized labor to a new fury. In the press
and over the air their hue and cry for anti-labor legislation is getting
louder and more insistent. In one way or another they manage to lay the
blame for all our ills at the doorstep of the unions. The high prices they
blame on labor. The scarcity of goods they blame on labor. And if they
can think up some kind of logical sounding argument they will soon be
blaming labor for the poor weather we have been having. The way they
tell it, everyone is opposed to labor.
How much opposition there is to labor in the upper classes, we are not
prepared to say. However, the record clearly indicates that there is one
class of Americans which is not opposed to organized labor. That class is
the workers. Figures show that working people all over the nation are
flocking into the unions at an unprecedented *rate. North and south, east
and west, boilermakers, bricklayers, store clerks and white collar workers,
butchers and bakers, are signing up with their respective organizations at
a rate never before equalled in peace time. Our own Brotherhood is climb-
ing toward a new high, and the day when we will be a million strong is
not too far off.
An indication of sweeping trend toward unionism among workers of all
kinds can be gleaned from the records of the National Labor Relations
Board. In October that agency handled-the largest number of cases in its
history; more than 1,400 in all, seventy-five per cent of them petitions for
elections. Thirty-two per cent of the elections did not involve more than
one union, and the average number of eligible voters per election was less
than 175; an indication that unionism is now reaching out into even the
smallest plants. And, best of all, over ninety per cent of those who were
eligible to do so voted in these elections. In other words, nine out of ten
workers cast ballots in the average NLRB election. When one considers
that state and national elections which involve the welfare of the whole
nation rarely entice more than sixty per cent of the eligible voters to the
polls, the ninety per cent record chalked up in NLRB elections is a good
indication of the eagerness with which workers are responding to the
call of unionism.
While the anti-labor forces are blasting away at unionism, the workers
of the nation are flocking into the fold of organized labor at a rate never
before equalled in peace times. The intelligent men in Congress will take
note of this fact. The newspaper columnists and radio commentators may
make it appear that unionism is in strong disfavor throughout the nation.
But with the workers — the people who are directly involved — unionism is
gaining in appeal. More and more workers are coming to realize that their
own welfare and the welfare of the nation is bound up with strong demo-
THE CARPENTER 17
cratic unions that maintain the purchasing- power of the people by keeping
wages and prices in some semblance of balance. More and more workers
are becoming union members. Any legislation that tends to abridge or
circumscribe their right to join a union or the right of their union to carry
on collective bargaining in a free and democratic manner will circumvent
the will of the majority. And not even Senator Claghorn can long ignore
the will of the majority of the American people.
A Refreshing Speech
The lead article in this month's issue is a partial text of a speech by
Charles Luckman, president of Lever Brothers, one of the major soap
manufacturing firms in the nation. It is a sort of a "man bites dog" speech,
in that Mr. Luckman, as a business man, espouses the cause of higher
pay, shorter hours, annual wages, sick leave and all the other progressive
steps most business has consistently opposed. He advocates these things
not because he thinks it is the philanthropic thing to do but rather because
he knows that it is the way to greater prosperity, greater economic sta-
bility and a happier, healthier America. By the experiences of his own
company he proves that it is the way to greater profits too.
Within the next generation living- standards of the American worker
can be made twice as high as they are at present if business leaders will
revise their outmoded patterns of thinking, Mr. Luckman maintains. He
points out that during the last thirty years the earnings of Lever Brothers
employes have increased manyfold. And he frankly admits that American
Federation of Labor union in his plants played a great part in bringing
about this progress. During the same time the firm grew from 180 em-
ployes to better than 6,000 at the present time. Logically, he sees no reason
why the next thirty years should not see equally rapid progress.
What Mr. Luckman now preaches has long been known to organized
labor. The real foundationstone of prosperity is purchasing power in the
hands of the working people. When working people have money, they
buy things, and when they buy things the wheels of commerce hum
because working people comprise the bulk of our citizenry. The more
money they have, the more they buy and the faster the wheels of commerce
buzz. It is as simple as that, and it is refreshing to have an industrial
leader admit it.
From time immemorial many employers have looked upon labor as a
commodity to be bought as cheaply as possible and to be employed as
sparingly as possible. They recognized that workers had to have purchas-
ing power in order that prosperity could exist. What they sometimes
failed to recognize was that their own workers were part of the general
pattern. They were all for workers getting high wages — all workers,
that is, except their own. Mr. Luckman's idea is that all employers should
examine their own back yards first. They should make sure that their
own workers are paid the maximum possible wage in order that the pur-
chasing power represented by those workers can make its proper contribu-
tion to the national prosperity.
In other words, Mr. Luckman says, in effect, that business must stop
looking on labor as a commodity and begin to realize that workers are
customers. That is something this journal has long preached.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHISON
Carpenters' Bnilding. Indianapolis, Ind.
Fiest General Vice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Bnilding, Indianapolis, Ind.
General .Secretary
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Bnilding, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-Presideni
JOHN Pv. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District, CHARLES JOHNSON, Jr. Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
111 E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y. 631 W. Page, Dallas, Texas
Second District, W1I. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bid., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland, O.
Seventh District. ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District, ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St., Florence. S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary.
Notice to Recording Secretaries
The quarterly circular for the months of January, February and
March, 1047, containing the quarterly password, has been forwarded to all
Local Unions of the United Brotherhood. Recording Secretaries not in re-
ceipt of this circular should notify Frank Duffy, Carpenters' Building,
Indianapolis, Indiana.
Report of the Delegates to Sixty-fifth Annual Convention of
the American Federation of Labor
To the General Executive Board:
Brothers:
The Sixty-fifth Annual Convention of the American Federation of Labor was
held in the Morrison Hotel, Chicago, Illinois, beginning October 7, 1946.
647 Delegates were present.
Addresses of welcome were made by: Mr. Wm. Lee, President of the Chicago
Federation of Labor; Mr. R. Soderstrom, President of the Illinois Federation of
Labor; Hon. Ed. F. Kelly, Mayor of Chicago; Hon. Dwight H. Green, Governor of
the State of Illinois and Mr. Jos. Powers, Vice-President of the Chicago Chamber
of Commerce.
In the opening paragraphs of the Report of the Executive Council they say:
Since our last convention in 19 44, the fighting war has ended on both European
and Japanese fronts and we have commenced to work on the problems of restoring
THE CARPENTER 19
peace and plans to achieve the long-time objectives we hoped to realize after the
war. Provisions for home problems of demobilization had been well worked out
in advance and industrial transition to civilian schedules proceeded well at first.
Military demobilization moved too rapidly because the military authorities had
not prepared against the mischievous, if not traitorous, propaganda which broke
out at home and in armies on foreign soil, to get the soldiers home at once. Many
favored speedy demobilization. Most of the nation did not realize that a strong
army was needed in the transition period to enforce the principles of the Atlantic
Charter, to police conquered countries, and to enable us to stop aggressive action
against weak nations.
Although nearly a year has elapsed since the end of military action, treaties
necessary to end wars have not yet been negotiated. Until treaties are determined,
occupying armies will continue to prevent return to normal living and production.
Decisions upon world agencies and their operation as well as the negotiation
of world peace, have sharpened the differences in philosophy and procedures
between national democracies and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. During
the war and until lately the democracies failed to realize that the USSR was
bent on imperialism and aggressive policies to expand its power. It is plain that
free government is imperiled by further policies of appeasement. We expect our
government to insist upon justice for all states whether small or large.
Within our country we have practically complete reconversion and have attained
a new record of peacetime employment. We are headed toward an end of scarcities
in production which will make possible the end of wartime controls. There is
world-wide need of the things we can produce. We in the Western Hemisphere
have the best opportunity to demonstrate the value of free enterprise and free
labor in peacetime production as we have already demonstrated their value in
time of war needs.
As our nation has become a world power with great economic resources and
outstanding technical ability, the American labor movement must assume its share
of responsibility for maintaining progress at home and for preserving free enter-
prise and free labor in the new international agencies now being organized for
international action.
Our ability to benefit by the opportunities awaiting us will be a test of our
faith and our ideals.
This brief summary of trends and conditions makes plain the responsibility de-
volving upon all organizations believing in democratic institutions and human
rights and freedom. Upon free trade unions devolves the duty of making clear the
meaning and purpose of democratic institutions and in proving by our policies and
achievements the value of voluntary cooperation of workers to industry and to
all other organized groups. To make such demonstrations effective, trade unions
and trade union membership must demonstrate skill, experience, resourcefulness
and responsibility.
In order to maintain our freedom and opportunities we must give paramount
importance to reviewing principles and practices and making sure that those in
use assure the best results. Upon our effort and success depends in no measure the
future of our free nation.
Upon this convention devolves responsibility for strengthening our organization,
reviewing objectives, and making plans for the future. Our report covers the
period since the last convention — November 19 44 — with major emphasis on the
post-war period.
Some of the principal matters dealt with herewith follow:
The United Nations
Advisers to Economic and Social Council
Control of Atomic Power
Free Trade Unions in Europe
Our Responsibility for Free Trade Unions
Peace Treaties
Maritime Department formed
Benefits paid by National and International Unions
National Labor Policy
National War Labor Board
20 THE CARP EX TEE
National Wage Stabilization Board
National Labor Relations Board
Labor and tbe Courts
State Labor Legislation
Social Insurance Activities "
Housing Legislation
Federal Aid for Education
Vocational Education
Workers Education Bureau
Organizing Work in tbe Soutb
National Legislation
Anti-Labor Legislation
Immigration and Naturalization
Healtb Program
Social Security
Reconversion
Jurisdictional Disputes
American Federation of Women's Auxiliaries and many otber similar matters
all of which were referred to tbe different committees for consideration and action
and report back to tbe Convention.
Under tbe caption, "A. F. of L. Reviews'' the Council reported as follows:
Tbe Executive Council bas made a tborougb study of our financial experiences
for tbe past five (5) years. Tbis study shows tbat tbe General Fund income of tbe
Federation increased progressively during 1941, 1942, 1943 and 1944 and tben
dropped substantially in 1945. Tbe expenditures from the General Fund for this
same period of time also followed this same general trend.
In our study of the finances of the past five years, we gave particular attention
to tbe organizing figures because organizing expenses constitute a major portion
of our over-all outgo. In tbis connection, we find that it cost the American Federa-
tion of Labor an average of -? 442.00 a month in 1940 to maintain a paid organizer
in tbe field. In 1945, tbis average cost per organizer per month had risen to 3624.
Under these circumstances, it seems reasonable for the Council to conclude that
even if the General Fund income were to be maintained at the 1945 level for the
next few years, we could not keep our finances in balance unless we reduced our
expenditures for organizing purposes. In the final analysis, in tbe opinion of the
Council, the present per capita tax rates established by the Seattle Convention in .
1941 and which have been adequate to carry us through the past five years will
not 'be sufficient in the future because of the increased cost of all our operations
during this period of time. Salaries paid to organizers are higher; expenses for
organizers are higher; salaries paid to office workers are higher; and our printing
and miscellaneous expenses are also higher than they were in 1941.
The trend in tbe past past two years is best indicated by the fact that despite
a good income rate to the General Fund in the twenty-four (24) months since
tbe start of our September 1, 19 44, fiscal year, the General Fund expenditures have
exceeded income in the amount of §338,000. It is evident, therefore, that if- the
American Federation of Labor is to meet the demands made upon it for organizing
purposes and for adequate service to our affiliates, that there must be some in-
crease in income to tbe Federation. The Executive Council therefore recommends
to tbe convention of the American Federation of Labor tbat the income of the
Federation be increased by the following changes in our constitution:
Section 1. The revenue of the Federation shall be derived from
a per capita tax to be paid upon the full paid-up membership of all
affiliated bodies, as follows: From International or National Trade
Unions, a per capita tax of two (2) cents per member per month up
to 2 0 0.000 members, and one and one-half (l^c) cents per member"
per month for members in excess of 200,000; from Local Trade
Unions and Federal Labor Unions, thirty-six i36c) cents per
member per month, eight and onehalf (8%c) cents of which must
be set aside to be used only in the case of strike or lockout unless
otherwise ordered by tbe Executive Council; tbe amount received
by the American Federation of Labor on each initiation fee from all
THE CARPEXTER 21
directly affiliated local unions shall be 2 5 per cent of the total initia-
tion fee received by the local unions from the individual, but in no
case shall the amount received by the American Federation of Labor
be less than one dollar; from Central and State Bodies $10 per year,
payable quarterly. Revenue may also be derived from assessments
when and as ordered by a majority vote of a regular or special con-
vention.
This was referred to the Committee on Law and was reported on as follows:
Majority Report that:
"The Executive Council's Report be adopted."
The Minority Report that:
The report of the Majority be amended by striking out 200,000
members and substituting 300,000 members.
This brought on a long and animated debate, after which the Minority Report was
defeated and the Majority Report adopted.
This means that we will pay 2 cents per member per month to the A. F. of L.
on 200,0 00 members in good standing and 1% cents per member per month on
members in good standing over 200,000.
HOUSING
On account of the interest manifested by the Delegates at our Twenty-fifth
General Convention held in Lakeland, Florida, in April, 19 46 and the appointment
of a Special Committee by the General President to consider the Housing question,
we deem it advisable to insert in this report, that part of the Executive Council's
Report on this important subject and the action of the American Federation of
Labor Convention thereon. •
"Under the caption, "Housing and Housing Legislation," the Executive Council
says:
Housing shortages which persisted through the war became critically acute as
the country entered the decisive stage of the war effort, in the summer of 1944.
Construction of public war housing to shelter war workers and their families de-
pended upon the Congressional appropriation under the Lanham Act. In this final
phase of the war production drive, Congress continued to be extremely niggardly
in authorizing funds for public war housing, whose construction was essential to
meet the mounting need. They were confined to a $15 million appropriation in
December, 19 44, and $66 million in April, 19 45. This meant that the Federal
Public Housing Authority, responsible for public war housing under the Lanham
Act, was forced to cut down its program until it could do little more than complete
the projects it had started. In June, 1945, a new Title V was added to the
Lanham Act, authorizing construction of public war housing for distressed families
of servicemen and veterans, who were affected by evictions or other unusual hard-
ships. However, despite the President's recommendation, Congress failed to pro-
vide for additional appropriation for homes under this title until the war was over.
Since then $447,627,000 has been appropriated, but these funds have been used
to transport demountable housing and erect it to meet special needs such as the
housing for student veterans in colleges.
In contrast, Congress proved extremely liberal in increasing the authorization
for FHA insurance of privately-financed housing, built ostensibly for war workers.
It repeatedly raised the limit of FHA mortgage insurance under the war-time
Title VI of the National Housing Act, until the total wartime authorization for
private housing reached $1,800,000,000. This was done despite the record of per-
formance of private builders under Title VI, which as frequently pointed out by
the American Federation of Labor, resulted in substandard shoddily built houses
which war workers' families were compelled to buy at excessive prices because no
other shelter was available to them.
Exorbitant profits made during the war at the expense of war workers' fam-
ilies whetted the appetites of speculative builders for more profits in the transition
to peace to be made at the expense of the returning war veterans. Under the
pressure of their concerted drive to extend the Wartime Emergency Title VI, and
with the backing of the Federal Housing Expediter, peacetime extension of Title
VI was written by Congress into the Veterans' Emergency Housing Act of 19 46,
raising the authorization for FHA mortgage insurance on this emergency housing
22 THE CARPENTER
to $2,800,000,000, and permitting the President to further increase it to $3,800,-
000,000. Thus the largest housing authorization made by Congress during the
war and reconversion was to guarantee the risk of mortgage lenders and builders
for the construction of substandard homes with no safeguards whatsoever to
protect the interests of the home-buyers.
This questionable legislation enabling the FHA to underwrite high interest rate
mortgages on shoddy homes for sale at high prices was used as a flank attack on
the A. F. L. -initiated large-scale program for the construction of soundly built
homes, a program backed by veterans' organizations, civic leaders and all progres-
sives. It was also a part of an attack to destroy the program of slum clearance and
low-rent housing for low-income families, launched in 19 3 7 under the A. F. of Un-
supported U. S. Housing Act. During the war all new construction of USHA
housing was suspended. Many low-rent housing projects built for low-income
families before the war were made available to families of war workers, service-
men and veterans who could afford to pay full economic rent. The law required
that at the end of the war the low rent character of these projects be reestablished.
To make the low rents possible, it was necessary for the federal government to
pay annual contributions which make up the difference between the low rents
charged on public housing projects and the prevailing economic rent. The oppo-
nents of public housing succeeded in getting House approval of a provision in the
Government Corporation Appropriation Bill of 19 46, prohibiting the use of federal
funds for annual contributions. Tbis was objected to by the Senate. The House
then introduced new restrictions, the most crippling of which would require that
only families with incomes in the lowest, fourth of all family incomes would be
eligible for public low-rent housing. The A. F. of L. succeeded in eliminating
this eligibility restriction, which would have dealt a death blow to the program
labor has championed through the past decade.
Although it early recognized the special needs for housing on the part of
returning servicemen, Congress took little effective action to bring decent housing
within the reach of the veterans' families on reasonable terms. The Servicemen's
Readjustment Act, known as the "G. I. Bill of Right," enacted in June, 1944,
contained in Title III special provisions for loans to veterans, guaranteed by the
Veterans' Administration, to buy, build or repair homes. While this legislation was
pending Congressional consideration, the A. F. of L. strongly insisted on the pro-
visions essential to safeguard the veterans against excessive interest charges, spec-
ulative prices and substandard construction of homes for which the veteran would
eventually have to pay. Neither the original "G. I. Bill of Rights" nor the subse-
quent amendments met these sound requirements. No adequate standards of
construction and inspection have been provided and the private lenders were
authorized to charge a four per cent interest rate on housing loans to veterans,
made riskless by a complete federal guarantee. However, the provision which
required the veteran to apply for such loans within two years after the enactment
of the law was extended to ten years.
As the housing shortage was rapidly intensified following V-J Day, the Congress
became increasingly inclined to substitute stop-gap emergency measures for a
comprehensive long-range solution of the nation's Number One domestic problem.
In November, 19 45, Representative Patman introduced a bill establishing author-
ization of maximum prices on newly built housing and a maximum on the resale of
existing homes. The bill also provided for an allocation of scarce materials, a
preference to veterans in the rental or purchase of homes, and a subsidy for the
construction of low-cost housing. The Patman Bill, later named the Veterans'
Emergency Housing Act, became law in a drastically changed form in May, 1946.
As enacted, this law contained no maximum sale or rental provisions, and was
largely limited to three main features: (1) peacetime extension of the emergency
wartime Title VI with a large increased authorization for FHA insurance and an
increase in the maximum sale price on a single family house to $9,000; (2) an
authorization of $400,000,000 for premium payments or subsidies to building mate-
rial manufacturers to stimulate production; and (3) authority to the RFC to
guarantee markets for new-type building materials and prefabricated houses up to
200,000 units.
THE CARPENTER 23
In the original premium payment and guaranteed market proposals, there
was no provision" for minimum standards or specifications for materials or houses
to be produced at public expense. At the insistence of the A. F. of L. a provision
was written into the law requiring- that new type materials be tested for sound
quality, and prefabricated houses be tested for durability, livability and safety.
During the past two years, the American Federation of Labor led in insistence
on early introduction of a far-reaching post-war housing program designated to
meet the objectives laid down by our 1944 convention. The American Federation
of Labor's program of recommendations was placed before Congress on January 15,
19 45, by Chairman Harry C. Bates of our Housing Committee, at the hearings held
by the Senate Subcommittee on Housing and Urban Redevelopment.
In February, 1945, legislative proposals, designed to carry out this program,
were presented by the A. F. of L. Housing Committee to Chairman Robert F.
Wagner of the Senate Banking and Currency Committee with the request that a
comprehensive post-war housing bill be introduced at the earliest possible date to
assure the provision of a large-scale volume of home construction available to
families of all incomes. These proposals were also submitted to Senator Robert A.
Taft.
On November 14, 1945, the General Housing Bill, embodying the major pro-
posals of the A. F. of L. post-war housing program, was introduced under the bi-
partisan sponsorship of Senators Wagner, Ellender and Taft. This bill, S. 1592,
provided for the efficient and economical coordination of all housing activities of
the federal government under the supervision of a permanent National Housing
Agency with local commmunities having the major responsibility for carrying out
the programs. The bill authorized the N. H. A. to aid localities in making surveys
of their housing needs and plans for meeting these needs, provided these com-
munities meet half the cost of such studies. The goals set by S. 159 2 called for a
decent home for every American family and a volume of construction large enough
to enable the construction industry to make its necessary contribution to an econ-
omy of full production and full employment.
S. 159 2 encouraged and aided private enterprise in doing the major part of the
job of rehousing America. The bill sought throughout to improve old methods
and to devise new ones by which privately built housing can be brought within
the reach of the great mass market of middle income families. The FHA system
of mortgage insurance would be geared to serve the great mass market of middle
income families. Costs of home purchase would be reduced through lower inter-
est rates and a longer period of amortization. Liberal terms would be given to
non-profit corporations to build mutual cooperative housing developments. A title
was added to the National Housing Act to encourage private investors to put their
money in rental housing. Under the "yield insurance" formula, investors in much
needed, moderately priced rental housing would be guaranteed an annual profit
of 2.75 per cent.
These programs should enable private enterprise to build 90 per cent of the
new homes. In order to reach the goal of "a decent home for every American
family," the bill improved the public low-rent housing program for cities and
towns and extended it to rural areas. Each year for four years it provided for a
maximum of 125,000 public housing units in urban areas and authorized annual
contributions of $22,000,000 to maintain low rents. It also authorized funds for
a publicly-aided rural and farm housing program. These provisions will accom-
plish much of the task of rebuilding America. The rest of the task can be
achieved by the provision of the bill for tearing down slum areas and rebuilding
them with decent housing and needed community facilities. The primary responsi-
bility for doing this job is left to local communities, who must present a detailed
plan and provide a large share of the funds before becoming eligible for federal
loans or grants. Private enterprise would share fully in this task of slum clearance
and urban redevelopment.
On April 15, 1946, the Senate not only passed S. 1592 with its major provisions
intact, but also adopted by a vote of 51 to 20 the vital A. F. of L. sponsored amend-
ment requiring that not less than prevailing wages be paid on all FHA insured
construction.
2 4 THE CARPEXTER
Strongest possible support "was given S. 15 92 "by the entire membership of
the American Federation of Labor. Despite these efforts, a small but strong lobby
of the speculative elements in the real estate and mortgage lending field succeeded
in blocking the Bill in the House Banking and Currency Committee.
The A. F. of L.'s fight for the enactment of the Wagner-Ellender-Taft General
Housing Bill received widest support from our membership throughout the nation.
It is our purpose to redouble our efforts for the enactment of the A. F. of L.'s post-
war housing program in the coming year. "We urge that it be given top considera-
tion and be made the first order of business of the next Congress.
After more than a year of study of the slum clearance and redevelopment needs
of the nation's capital, legislation for the redevelopment of the District of Columbia
was introduced early in 19 45. In its national campaign against public housing,
the special interest lobby chose Washington as a testing ground. It succeeded
in injecting into the bills, which were not dealing with housing as such, definitions
of public housing designed to make it unworkable. The Housing Committee of the
A. F. of L. cooperated with the Washington Central Labor Union in the long-
drawn-out legislative fight that ensued. On October IS, 1945, the McCarran Dis-
trict of Columbia Redevelopment Bill, S. 1426, was modified by its author to
include the A. F. of L. -suggested amendments and was passed by the Senate. How-
ever, the unworkable definitions of public housing were reinstated in the bill by the
House and in the preadjournment rush the Senate repudiated its own previous
stand, accepting the House version of the Bill. While he accepted the House re-
vision, Senator McCarren gave Labor his commitment to lead in the fight in the
nest session of Congress for workable public housing provisions previously adopted
by the Senate.
The Housing and Legislative Committees of the A. F. of L. have cooperated
closely in their work on all phases of housing legislation, have received the fullest
support from the officers of the A. F. of L. Building and Construction Trades De-
partment and from A. F. of L. affiliates throughout the nation. The nation's
housing need is urgent. The A. F. of L. housing program should be kept high on
Labor's legislative "must" list for enactment in the coming year.
Referred to the Committee on Building Trades and reported on as follows:
The American Federation of Labor commends highly the work of its Housing
Committee and of its Legislative Committee for the most effective and valuable
service they have rendered in advancing the interests of wage-earners and the
public generally in the cause of more and better homes for the American family.
Despite the reverses due to the pressure of strongly organized and a well-financed
special interests, which prevented the enactment of the A. F. of L.'s major post-
war housing program, we have succeeded in focussing nation-wide attention on
the housing goals and on methods of achieving those goals essential to our long-
range program of large-scale housing construction. It is urgent that this work is
intensified in the coming year, mobilizing the widest possible active support of all
affiliates of the A. F. of L. in every trade and industry and in every community.
On' the final success in the enactment of our housing program, full and steady
employment in the coming years will largely depend. The establishment of mini-
mum standards of safety, durability and livability of the American home will
serve every family, every community and every worker in the years to come. The
adoption of the prevailing wage requirement in the construction of all housing will
be a foremost gain to mechanics and laborers in the building and construction
trades. The American Federation of Labor is dedicated to the intensified and
unrelenting fight for the attainment of these objectives.
With these comments, your Committee recommends the adoption of this por-
tion of the Executive Council's report.
The report of the committee was unanimously adopted.
MEMBERSHIP
The total paid-up membership for the year ending August 31, 1946, numbers
7,123,943.
THE CARPENTER
25
The present officers were re-elected without opposition and San Francisco,
Calif., was selected as the city in which to hold the Convention in 19 47.
Respectfully submitted,
Wm. L. Hutcheson
M. A. Hutcheson
Frank Duffy
C. A. Clancy
T. D. Harper
Chas. A. Hanson
M. J. Sexton
Geo. Osterkamp
Delegates.
Montreal Unions Dedicate New Home
On the week end of November 9 a long cherished dream of Montreal
carpenters became a reality when their fine new headquarters building was
officially opened. The opening was a gala occasion. Some 1,300 hundred
Brotherhood members and their friends visited the building during the
day and attended the impressive ceremonies that officially dedicated the
new building. For twenty-five years the various local unions that make
up the Montreal District Council hoped and worked for a home of their
own. When the fine new building (pictured above) was opened last No-
vember they made most of the occasion. On hand were Second General
Vice President John R. Stevenson and Executive Board Member Arthur
Martel to help the Montreal members properly dedicate their new head-
quarters. On hand also we.re General Representative Andy Cooper and a
host of other prominent labor leaders in the Canadian Labor movement.
Monday evening, November 11, a supper banquet was held in connec-
tion with the dedication ceremonies. The Hon. Camillien Houde, mayor
of Montreal, attended and gave an inspiring address. Other short ad-
dresses were given by Vice President Stevenson, Board Member Martel
and a long list of distinguished guests. During the week end festivities,
special tribute was paid to nine old timers who were presented with twen-
ty-five year pins.
The new Montreal headquarters is modern in every respect. In addi-
tion to a large auditorium, several smaller meeting halls and numerous
offices, it contains a fine cafeteria in the basement. Congratulations to the
Carpenters of Montreal on their fine achievement !
Not lost to those that lore them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more.
%z&i in T^t&tt
The Editor has been requested to publish the nam**
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother JACOB AMSLER, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother A. B. ANDERSON, Local No. 13, Chicago, 111.
Brother WM. CARSON, Local No. 374, Buffalo, N. Y.
Brother HUGH DEGNAN, Local No. 20, Staten Island, N. Y.
Brother FRANK DONAHUE, Local No. 105, Cleveland, Ohio
Brother WILLIAM ERICKSON, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother CHAS. FORD, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother J. H. FRY, Local No. 132, Washington, D. C.
Brother LESLIE H. HENRY, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother JOHN P. HISCOCK, Local No. 56, Boston, Mass.
Brother ED. O. JUNCK, Local No. 1751, Austin, Tex.
Brother COONEY A. KAUFFMAN, Local No. 418, Greeley, Colo.
Brother GEORGE LANE, Local No. 656, Holyoke, Mass.
Brother JOHN KELLY, Local No. 13, Chicago, 111.
Brother JACOB KUDESH, Local No. 13, Chicago, 111.
Brother CHARLES G. LEWIS, Local No. 132, Washington, D. C.
Brother J. ELMER LOCKHART, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother THOMAS MALONEY, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother CLARENCE MARSH, Local No. 2108, Shelbyville, Ind.
Brother MARTIN MORTINSEN, Local No. 20, Staten Island, N. Y.
Brother ED. POLKENHORN, Local No. 2762, North Fork, Cal.
Brother GEORGE W. REEBE, Local No. 20, Staten Island, N. Y.
Brother CHARLES ROLAFF, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother OTTO H. SCHMIDT, Local No. 261, Scranton, Pa.
Brother FRANS SIIVONEN, Local No. 13, Chicago, 111.
Brother JOHN G. SOUTAR, Local No. 13, Chicago, 111.
Brother CHARLES SWANEE, Local No. 916, Aurora, 111.
Brother WILLIAM C. THIEDE, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother MAX UMGELTER, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother EDWARD R. WHITTLE, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
J. Lx^sS
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
Evansville Local Sponsors Xmas Party
Carpenters' Local Union No. 90, Evansville, Indiana, gave its Christ-
mas Party, December 7 for its members at the Central Labor Union main
Auditorium.
Luncheon and refreshments were served while music was played by the
talented young- Spradley family.
Brother Charles P. Stephan was master of ceremonies, introducing
members with forty years or more of good standing and a large group of
thirty-year members. Twenty-two forty-year members were in attendance ;
one with 53 years' membership.
Santa Claus then appeared and gave treats to the children present, much
to their delight.
Later tables were pushed back and dancing was enjoyed by all. The
party was considered a huge success by all members.
Officers of Carpenters' Local No. 90 are Paul Crump, president; Ber-
nard Hoffman, vice-president; Roland Buttram, recording secretary;
Michael Ahern, financial secretary; and Ervin Behrick, treasurer. Trus-
ees are August Lindauer, James Atherton and Lee Boyle. William T.
Schulze is business representative for the union.
Local 1129 Honors Old Timers and Veterans
. On October 9, Local Union No. 1129, Kittanning, Pa., held a banquet
to pay homage to its old time members and to welcome back into the fold
those members who served in the armed forces. The banquet was held in
the spacious social hall of Fire Company No. 1 and the hall was filled to
capacity. Roy M. Booher acted as toastmaster and did an exceptionally
fine job. President Herbert Coggins extended the greetings of the Union
to the guests present. Introduced during the course of the evening were
Brother Harry Wibble, oldest living charter member, and Financial Secre-
tary R. H. Toy, long a faithful member, both of whom are held in the
highest esteem. Another charter member, Brother U. G. Hobough was
unable to attend.
Guest speakers included Judge Frank Graff of Armstrong Co., District
Attorney W. A. Ashe, Paul Mitchell of Pittsburgh, and Mr. Woodward
of Beaver Valley. Special tribute was paid to some fifteen members who
served in the armed forces.
The dinner was a sumptuous one and the entertainment following it
was first rate. The evening wound up with dancing for one and all.
Everyone attending declared the evening an unqualified success ; a tribute
to the efficiency of the arrangement committee and the reception com-
mittee.
LINCOLN, NEB., LADIES KEEP BUSY
Ladies' Auxiliary No. 399 of Carpenters' Local 1055, Lincoln, Nebraska, sends
greetings to our sister Auxiliaries. On September 22 we celebrated our 5th Anni-
versary. We bad one charter member present, Mrs. J. P. Schneider, who has been
present at all the meetings. We have 9 charter members still active. They are:
Mrs. J. P. Schneider, Mrs. Hugh Crawford, Mrs. John Worster, Mrs. James Greer,
Mrs. Frank Woerner, Mrs. Geo. Johnsen, Mrs. H. I. Lockwood, Mrs. Chas. Hurd,
and Mrs. Geo. Heaton. We have one deceased charter member, Mrs. Wayne.
We now have a membership of 50. We meet on the second and fourth Mondays
at the Labor Temple. During the war years we did sewing for the "British War
Relief" and "Red Cross" and have a Certificate of Commendation for the war
bonds we acquired.
Our social activities consist of a dance once a month and occasionally a pinochle
party. Every three months we have a covered dish luncheon honoring all members
who had birthdays in that time and we sponsor a family picnic in the park in the
summer time.
Carpenters' Local 10 55 helped us with a big Christmas party for all the kiddies
last Chi'istmas. At this party a food basket was made up and given to a needy fam-
ily. We send delegates to the Central Labor Union, and Label League. A sym-
pathy chairman sends cards and flowers' to sick members.
In the past year we have affiliated with the Federation of Labor and we sent
one delegate to the convention at Scottsbluff and have contributed to help fight the
anti-closed shop amendment.
Sisters from any Auxiliary will be welcome to meet with us at any time.
Fraternally yours,
Josephine Butterfield, Sec,
* Carpenters' Auxiliary No. 39 9.
EVANSVILLE AUXELL1RY YOUNG BUT ACTIVE
The Editor:
Auxiliary No. 4 42 of Evansville, Ind., extends greetings to all sister auxiliaries.
We so much enjoy all the letters from our sister organizations that we would like
to tell a little of our activities. We are a young organization — only a year and a
half old — but we have been plenty busy in that time. We have about sixty mem-
bers so far. We held public bingo parties our first year as our money making pro-
ject. We also held one card party. We donated to the Red Cross both in cash
and service, to the March of Dimes and all other worthwhile charities. This year
we delivered baskets to needy carpenter families and provided Christmas cheer for
the less fortunate children.
Despite all this activity, however, we have managed to have some very enjoy-
able times on the social side. We have had two Halloween parties, a big Christmas
party and a basket picnic. Our biggest party so far was our First Anniversary
celebration at which time we entertained our families with a fried chicken dinner
followed by a dance. This Christmas we sponsored an old-fashioned kid party
just for the members.
In closing, we would like to extend an invitation to any sister member to visit
us. We meet the first and third Tuesdays of each month at Carpenters' Hall.
(Mrs.) Merele Self, Rec. Sec.
(Mrs.) Thresal Lichtenberger, Pres.
Craft ProblQms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
By H. H. Siegele
LESSON 220
As we mentioned in a previous lesson,
the first work we did as an apprentice
carpenter was running a boring ma-
chine. We did all the boring for a 40
by 80 heavy timber barn. It was per-
haps the last heavy timber framing of
any consequence done in that commun-
ity. The contractors did the laying
out and the framing of the tenons, while
Fig. 1. '
the journeymen did the mortising. The
heavy timber framing of pioneer days
consisted of timbers that were hewed
with a broadax, but on this job only a
few of the heavier timbers were hewed,
the rest were sawed at a local saw mill.
A drawing made from a picture taken
on that job, showing the apprentice
running the boring machine, is shown
by Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 shows an auger bit, where
we point out with indicators the side
cutters, also called nibs; • the screw
point, also called spur; the cutters,
sometimes called lips; also pointed out
are the twists, shank and tang.
A gimlet is shown at the top in Fig.
3, and a twist bit at the bottom. The
gimlet is a handy little tool, especially
when foreboring is necessary for screws.
It is also used for boring small holes,
Side Culler
-Cutter ^ I wish
Seven/ Point
Shank Tung'
Fig. 2
in which capacity it has a wide field
of usefulness. The size of the twist bit
that we are showing was chosen for
convenience in making the illustration.
Twist bits can be obtained on the mar-
ket in various sizes and in different
lengths. What we are showing is a sort
Fis
of cross between a twist bit for drilling
in wood and one for drilling in metal,
which means that it represents all of
the twist bits in use, both for drilling
wood and for drilling metal.
A screwdriver bit is shown by the
upper drawing in Fig. 4. Such a bit
should be in every carpenter's kit of
Fig. 4
tools, for there isn't anything better for
driving screws that require consider-
able force. The reamer shown at the
bottom, is made for metal reaming, but
it gives good results when used as a
30
THE CARPENTER
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
QUICK CONSTRUCTION. — Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il., covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
framing, and other subjects. $2.50.
CARPENTRY. — Has 302 p., 754 il., covering general
house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
BUILDING TRADES DICTIONARY.— -Has 385 p.,
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
(The above books support each other.)
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry, 64 pages, brown
cloth binding and two-color title page. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS. — The prose companion of
Twights of Thought. Illustrated. Cloth. Only $1.00.
Postage prepaid when money accompanies the order.
S. H. H. SIEGELE gS?Kn«i
FREE — With 2 books, pushing Buttons free; with 3
books, Twigs of Thought and Pushing Buttons free —
books autographed.
A similar job-made gauge used with
an auger bit is shown by Fig. 8. In
making such gauges, soft wood should
Fig. 6
be used. The U-shaped opening to the
left of the gauge is made by boring
a hole through the block and ripping
out what is left to form the two legs
that clear the twists of the auger bit.
wood reamer. Because the wood reamer
can only be used on material that can
be cut away easily, the reamer shown
has a definite advantage over it.
How the gimlet, reamer and screw-
driver bits are related by their use is
shown by Fig. 5. Here number 1
shows a gimlet with the point still in
the hole that was bored with it. The
shaded wormlike things represent bor-
ing chips as they come out from the
gimlet fluting. Number 2 shows the
hole ready for reaming. Number 3 shows
the point of the reamer in the hole
for starting the reaming. The reaming
finished is shown at number 4, with the
Fig. 5
screw above ready to be inserted. Num-
ber 5 shows the screw driven home, and
the screwdriver bit above, shown in
part.
Fig. 6 shows a chuck of a brace hold-
ing a gimlet. By dotted lines we show
the outline of a job-made gauge used
with a gimlet in foreboring for screws.
To the right we show the point project-
ing % of an inch beyond the gauge,
which would be about right for 1%-
inch screws. Fig. 7 is a perspective
drawing of the gimlet gauge.
Fig. 7
These legs should be left longer than
needed, so that when the gauge is fin-
ished the legs can be cut to the right
Fig. 8
length. The hole for the shank is
bored with the grain of the wood, just
large enough to permit the tang to go
through. We are aware that there are
bit gauges on the market, and we have
used some of them, but up to this
0
THEY HAVE'
OUR CHART Big 27"x36" blue print chart
on the steel square Starting Key. Also
a Radial Saw Chart. Blue print shows
how to find length of any rafter and make
its cuts, find any angle in degrees, frame
any polygon 3 to 16 sides, and cuts its
mitres, read board feet and brace tables,
octagon scale, rafter tables and much
other valuable information. Radial Saw
Chart changes pitches and cuts into de-
grees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides,
makes about 13 square feet of copy showing
squares full size. Price $1.00 post paid. Check
or Money Order — No Stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St., Div. I, Kalamazoo 81, Mich.
THE CARPENTER
31
writing we have not found one that is
a complete success. The job-made
gauge such as we are showing here, has
many advantages — one of which is that
when you are through with it it can
be discarded.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9 shows a square applied to a
timber on the 8 and 12 points, for the
purpose of showing how to bore angling
holes so they will be on the angle de-
sired. It does not matter whether the
holes are to be bored in a piece of
timber, railing or on some flat surface,
this method will apply. Let us start
with the square in the position shown,
and mark along the outside edge of the
body and also of the tongue, which
gives us the two important angles. The
Fig. 10
dotted lines at A show where a hole is
bored at a right angle to the edge of the
timber. This hole should be bored with
the bit that will be used in boring the
angling hole shown by dotted lines at
B. Having done all of this, cut the
timber as marked along the edge of the
body of the square to obtain the block
marked A. This block is then transferred
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Learn to draw plans, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely illustrated books cover subjects that will help you
to get more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, air-condi-
tioning, concrete formB and many other subjects are included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books are
the most up-to-
date and complete
we have ever pub-
lished on these
many subjects.
Examination
BETTER JOBS - BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom Is In full
swing and trained men are needed.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. These books sup-
ply quick, easily understood training and
handy, permanent reference information
(hat helps solve building problems.
Coupon Brings Eight Big Books For
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers since 1898
Dept. GI36 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
Vou may ship me the Up-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and if fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34.80 Is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Name
Address
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men in service, also give home address.
to the point where the angling hole is
to be bored, in this case, to the dotted
lines shown at B, and put together as
shown by the detail in Fig. 10. The
two pieces should be securely fastened
together before the boring for the an-
gling hole is started. The shaded shank
and tang of an auger bit, shows the
position of the auger when the boring
is done. Whenever a hole has been
bored the block is removed and fastened
again for boring the next hole. This
process is repeated until the holes have
all been bored.
Pencil Points
The man who can not sharpen a pen-
cil, and does not intend to learn how
to sharpen one, should never take up
carpentry. The points on a carpenter's
pencils tell more about his mechanical
abilities than he can say about them
himself. If the points are good, then
the chances all favor the conclusion that
he is a good mechanic, but if they are
bad, then, even though he might be a
good mechanic, he can not do accurate
work, especially in finishing. And what
is true of pencil points is equally true
of the cutting edge of the pocket knife
PAINE
ANCHORS
Hold Fast
In Masonry
and Concrete
a carpenter carries; for the man who
wants to work at carpenter work,
Without carrying a sharp knife in his
pocket, can never hope to go very far
as a building tradesman.
The accompanying illustration shows
at a two views of a carpenter's pencil,
sharpened to a chisel point. At b we
show two views of a chisel point on an
ordinary pencil for use in finishing. The
view at top left also represents a cone-
like or needle point. At c we show two
dubbed off pencils, that can hardly be
said to be sharpened. Such pencil shar-
pening is always conducive to errors and
inaccuracies. No carpenter should al-
low himself to be seen on a job with
such pencil points.
Solid support for
securing fixtures
against shock,
stress and vibra-
tion.
Fig. 910— Available in
W, %" and W
diams. in standard
lengths.
Fig. 911— For extra
heavy anchorage.
Write for Catalog
THE PAINE CO.
2967 Carroll Ave., Chicago, Illinois
MAI ME-
FASTENING hiVifTC
and HANGING UlVILlJ
/m&Mz NEW
with FOLEY RETOOTHER
It cuts a perfect row of new teeth on a handsaw
in 3 minutes! (No need to grind off old teeth.)
Saves time, relieves eyestrain, cuts filing time in
half. You handle more customers and make more
money. The Foley Retoother is a marvel for re-
conditioning all hand saws with broken or un-
even teeth, or hollowed edge due to poor filing.
Cuts 20 sizes of teeth from 4 to 16 points per
inch on all cross-cut, rip, back, mitre-box and
panel saws. Quickly pays for itself and earns
extra profits for you. Immediate Delivery. Send
coupon for circular.
Fh7FY MFC- fiTl i^ "Foky~Bl7g.
'vLtl fflrU. \t\f. Minneapolis 13, Minn.
Send full details on Foley Retoother
Name
Address
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
MET #<>■ Zu"
• If you have ever tried a Stanley No. 25 Screw
Driver, you'll know the one we mean. It's the kind
of a screw driver you reach for first - the sturdy,
hand-fitting tool that does so many kinds of screw
driving jobs quickly, securely, the way you want
them done.
The polished, alloy-steel blade is tempered its
entire length. Patented bolster construction anchors
blade in hardwood handle. Tips are accurately
crossground to size. Handle is fluted for sure grip.
Eight sizes for a choice. Buy a No. 25 next time — and
good Stanley Tools always. STANLEY TOOLS,
163 Elm Street, New Britain, Connecticut.
THE TOOL BOX OF THE WORLD
[STANLEY)
HARDWARE- HAND TOOLS- ELECTRIC TOOLS
The powerful, heavy-duty 14" MalLDrill
cuts Yz " holes in steel — 1" holes in wood
with speed and ease. It is lightweight . . .
easy to handle in close quarters . . . will
not stall under hand pressure. Its power-
packed performance drills holes in a
hurry. Available in 110-volt AC-DC or
220-volt AC-DC. Also }i " (two speeds),
5/ 10" and %" models.
Ask your Dealer or write for literature and prices.
POWER TOOL DIVISION
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
25 years of "Better Tools For Better Work".
AUDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
4vol$.*6
Inside Trade Information Ons
How to use the steel square — How to file and set
saws — How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — How to use
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— '- Es-
timating Btrength of timbers — How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on the
steel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds —
skylights — How to build stairs — How to put oo
interior trim — How to hang doors — How to lath-
lay floors — How to paint
Inside Trade Information
(or Carpenters, Builders, Join-
ers, Building Mechanics and
nil Woodworkers. These
Guides give you the short-cut
instructions that you want—
including new methods, ideas,
solutions, plans, systems and
money saving suggestions. An
easy progressive course for the
apprentice and student. A
practical daily helper and
Quick Reference for the master
worker. Carpenters every-
where are using these Guides
as a Helping Hand to Easier
Work. Better Work and Bet*
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance for yourself, simply Wl
in and mail the FREE COU-
PON below.
THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City
Mail Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides. 4 vols., on 7 days' free trial. If O.K.
I will remit SI in 7 days, and SI monthly uotil $6 is paid. Otherwise 1 will return i hem-
No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Name.
Addreai
Occupation.
EcicrcDce. .
When you see exceptional performance by a
portable power saw, look for an Atkins blade. For
these "Silver Steel" blades with their fast-biting,
slow-dulling teeth are built to bring out the best in any
saw... to cut cleaner, straighter and cooler over longer
steady cutting periods... to hold an edge on the
toughest wood with less time out for blade changes.
And when it's a question of new blades for your
portable power saws, look for Atkins. Orders still
top output considerably, but a little patience now
will pay you well for a long time to come.
ATKINS
*While there are no Atkins-made
portable power saw machines, many
leading producers of such machines.
use Atkins blades exclusively.
{#)
miiu
E. C. ATKINS AND COMPANY
Home Office and Factory: 402 S. Illinois St., Indianapolis 9, Indiana
Branch Factory: Portland, Oregon
Branch Offices s
Atlanta • Chicago • Memphis • New Orleans • New York • San Francisco
THE CARPENTER'S FRIEND FOR 89 YEARS
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
CONGRESS, TAKE NOTE!
The duty of industrial states-
manship today is to direct the vast
social energy of organized labor,
once dissipated in the struggle for
union survival, into collaborative
productive functions. Labor is
ready and eager for such a creative
future. Obviously, the rich contri-
bution which organized labor can
bring to our economy will not be
achieved in an atmosphere of dis-
trust or government hostility.
-From a speech by President William
Jj. Hutcheson, made in March, 1944.
STREAMLINED beauty is practical design in
a car. But it pays to remember it's what's
inside the hood that matters.
It's what's inside that counts with quality
building products, too. Hidden, inside values
the eye seldom sees. That's why building-wise
people insist on Celotex Building and Insu-
lating Products.
They know the raw materials that go into
Celotex are the best that nature can grow
and money can buy.
And rigid production controls all along
the line guarantee uniformly high quality of
every product bearing the Celotex name.
Tireless laboratory research perfects mate-
rials and methods still more . . . helps to main-
tain Celotex leadership year after year.
These, plus more than a quarter of a cen-
tury of building materials "know how," are
the invaluable ingredients in every Celotex
product.
They make a big difference in performance
... in long life and low cost maintenance. A
difference that has proved its value on hun-
dreds of thousands of building jobs of every
kind.
There aren't enough of these famous
Celotex products to go around now —
but steadily increasing production is
making Celotex materials gradually
available in larger quantities.
Building Board Celo-Rok Sheathing and Wallboard
Interior Finish Boards Celo-Siding Cemesto Flexeell
Celo-Rok Anchor Lath and Plaster
Rock Wool Insulation Triple Sealed Shingles
muwwWQx
x m\\&\m ^wukv%
THE CELOTEX CORPORATION • CHICAGO 3, ILLINOIS
GZZ
~1
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street. Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established In 1881
Vol. LXVII — No. 2
INDIANAPOLIS, FEBRUARY, 194:
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents —
States Perverting Jobless Insurance 5
By specious reasoning some state courts are perverting the Social Security Laws
to such a degree that organized workers may be forced to. make a decision be-
tween forfeiting their unemployment insurance or their union membership.
Kaiser Tackles Housing
10
Industrialist Henry Kaiser attacks the housing shortage with a unique new con-
struction plan. Kaiser's houses are half prefab and half built-on-the-job. Hun-
dreds of them are now housing vets in and around Los Angeles, and from all
appearances the experiment is working out fairly satisfactorily.
The Same Sad Story --- 13
A little delving into the reports of the AFL Executive Council for the years
1919-1922 turns up some interesting reading. The parallel between conditions
now and right after the first World War are a little frightening when one
considers the debacle that followed the 1919 armistice.
Library Fund --14
During the past month some 133 Councils, Locals and Auxiliaries sent in con-
tributions to the Library Fund which was set up for the sole purpose of re-
habilitating the library at the Home in Lakeland.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS:
Plane Gossip
Editorials
Official
In Memoriam
Correspondence -
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
8
10
23
24
25
27
28
Index to Advertisers -
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this 'will have to be our rule. .
Entered July 22, 1915. at INDIANAPOLIS. 1ST)., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress. Aug. 24. 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3. 1917. authorized on July 8. 1918.
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be. In their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," Including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Carlson Rules 31
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
Frank's Mfg. Co., Los Angeles,
Calif. 4
Greenlee Tool Co., Rockford, 111. 3
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 32
Millers Falls Co., Greenfield,
Mass. 4
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Phila-
delphia, Pa. 4
Ohlen-Bishop Mfg. Co., Colum-
bus, Ohio 4
Paine Co., Chicago, 111 32
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn. 3rd Cover
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 31
Carpentry Materials
Celotex Corp., Chicago, 111. 1
Doors
Overhead Door Corp., Hartford
City, Ind. 4th Cover
Overalls
The H. D. Lee Co., Kansas City,
Mo. 3rd Cover
Technical Courses and Books
American School, Chicago, 111. 4
American Technical Society,
Chicago, III. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, III. 32
Home Builders Training Insti-
tute, Chicago, 111 4
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans 30
Mason Engineering Service, Kala-
mazoo, Mich. 30
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo— 29
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y. 3rd Cover
KEEP THE MONEY
IN THE FAMILY I
PATRONIZE
ADVERTISERS
FOR THIS TIMESAVINO
WOODWORKING TOOL
• This easy-reading GREENLEE
HANDY CALCULATOR swiftly solves
your woodworking problems. Just
set the dial- convert linear feet to
board feet; get slope per foot in de-
grees; compare hardness, weights,
shrinkage, warping and working
ease of various woods. More, too:
bit sizes for head, body, thread of
screws; nail specifications; tool
sharpening hints,- protractor. 6"
diameter, fits your tool kit. Heavily
varnished cardboard Special offer.
Order now, send 10<£ (not stamps)
in next mail. Greenlee Tool Co.,
2082 Columbia Ave., Rockford, III.
. This "Greyhound" hand saw is a direct
descendant of the pioneer "George H.
Bishop" line started almost a century ago.
Improvements have been made constantly
with new designs to meet the requirements
of carpenters on the job. Better steels now
give improved cutting edge and longer
sharpness life. Job-tested through the years
to bring you a better hand saw.
OHLEN-MISH0P
906 Ingleside Ave
Columbus, Ohio
Get behind a
SPIRAL SCREW
and get ahead
of the job
YAHKEE TOOLS NOW PART OF
Let the spiral
do the heavy
wrist work. A
simple push on a
sturdy "Yankee"
drives or draws the
screw with a spinning
Good for years
of smooth, willing part-
nership with your good
right hand. Three sizes,
each with 3 size bits. Pop-
ular 30A size, range of
screws #2 to #8. For one-
hand operation, buy the 130A
"Yankee" with the "quick-
return" spring in the handle.
Send for the "Yankee" Tool Book
NORTH BROS. MFG. CO.
Division of The Stanley Works
Philadelphia 33, Pa.
BE READY FOR
A BETTER JOB:
AT BIGGER PAY
Thousands of
Trained Men
Will Be Needed
• Building boom is well under way. New homes
and other structures to be built will provide a tre-
mendous number of well-paid jobs. Men trained
in Architecture, Drafting, Contracting, Carpen-
try and related building trades will cash in BIG
on their knowledge and skill. YOU can train in
spare time at home, at low cost, for a big-pay
job in this rich field. American School can help
you to success just as it has helped others dur-
ing its 50 years. Check, fill in and mail coupon
NOW. for FREE information.
AMERICAN SCHOOL
Dept. B244, Drexel Ave. at 58th St., Chicago 37, 111.
Send me FREE information about your special training
plan covering subjects checked below.
D Achitecture & Building □ Automotive Engineering
D Drafting and Design □ Diesel Engineering
□ Contracting
□ Practical Plumbing
D Air Conditioning
13 Refrigeration
D Electrical Engineering
H Mechanical Engineering
□ Plastics Engineering
□ Aviation Q Radio
D Business Management
□ High School Courses
Specializing in
The
MASTER CHAMPION
• Lawn Mower
Sharpening Machine
• Saw Sharpening
Machine
• Key Machine
Phone LUcas 6929
FRANK'S MANUFACTURING CO.
2501-3-5 E. Imperial Highway Los Angeles 2, Cal.
FREE FACTS: Use Our Training Plan
to Learn at Home in Spare Time
Do you want to be on the inside in the building boom —
where big money is made? Learn about opportunities for
Building Contractors whether or not you have previous
experience in this field. Millions of dollars are going to
be made in home and farm buildings, in construction
of stores, garages, small industrial buildings. The
building industry uses men with organizing ability by
thousands in construction, supervision, management,
sales. Properly trained men needed in production, dis-
tribution, finance, installation, marketing. Government
estimates housing demand at 40 billion dollars. Others
are preparing to get in now! Act immediately — get the
facts! Mail postcard today — no obligation.
HOME BUILDERS TRAINING INSTITUTE, Dept.D-62
7050 No. Glenwood Chicago 26, Illinois
STATES PERVERTING
JOBLESS INSURANCE
By
JOSEPH PADWAY
AFL Counsel
RECENTLY two very important decisions involving Social Security-
Law were handed down by the respective courts of Ohio and Penn-
sylvania. The issue in each of the cases was the question of whether
or not unemployment compensation benefits would be paid to an unem-
ployed union workman who refused to accept offered employment on non-
union jobs in compliance with the laws of his organization. The facts in
each case were basically the same. In each case an unemployed union car-
penter had been referred to employment on a non-union job. In each case
the laws of the union prohibited members from accepting employment on
non-union jobs and disregard for this rule would mean expulsion from
the union.
Under the Social Security Laws
of every state an unemployed claim-
ant for compensation must be will-
ing to accept suitable employment
when offered. The issue in both
the cases before the courts of Ohio
and Pennsylvania thus came down
to the question of whether the claim-
ant in each case had refused to ac-
cept suitable employment in refus-
ing to accept employment on a non-
union job, which would have caused
a loss of union membership.
While each state has its own So-
cial Security Laws, and each can
establish its own definitions for
"suitable employment," the states
are required to conform to certain
standards which have been estab-
lished by the Federal Government.
One of the standards which has been
established by the Federal Govern-
ment that must apply in the Social
Security Laws of every state is that
no state can refuse unemployment
compensation to an employee "if as
a condition of being employed the
individual would be required to join
a company union or to resign from
or refrain from joining any bona
fide labor organization."
In complying with this require-
ment of the Federal Government,
the Social Security Law of each
state contains language similar to
that in the federal law ; however, the
states vary in their interpretation of
this language.
Obviously, the purpose of the
language is to protect the union
membership of unemployed work-
men and not to deny unemployment
compensation benefits to workmen
if they refuse to accept employment
which would cause the loss of union
membership.
A sharp division, however, exists
in the various states as to whether
or not this language protects an un-
employed workman in his union
membership from every source from
which his membership might be
jeopardized, or whether the lan-
guage was intended only to protect
the workmen's union membership
against acts of prospective employ-
ers.
THE CARPENTER
This sharp division of opinion is
nowhere better illustrated than in
the comparison of the decisions of
the courts of Ohio and Pennsyl-
vania on this question. And a com-
parison of these two decisions also
illustrates that the narrow, restric-
tive interpretation of this language
which protects the union member-
ship of the workmen only from acts
of the employer can be supported
only by resorting- to specious and
misleading reasoning.
The Supreme Court of Ohio in
the case of Chambers vs. Owens-
Ames-Kimball Company held that
an unemployed workman is pro-
tected by this language of the Act
from the loss of union membership
only from acts of his prospective
employer and not from loss of em-
ployment that might result from a
disregard of union rules and regula-
tions. The Supreme Court of Ohio
held:
"Tn our opinion, the legislature
did not intend to delegate to la-
bor unions, through the medium
,of their rules and regulations,
the power and authority to deter-
mine that a member should not
accept a referral to work and
thereby qualify such member for
unemployment compensation to
which he would otherwise not be
entitled because of the refusal of
such a referral. . . .
"Furthermore, the interpreta-
tion of appellee would make the
operative effect of a refusal to
work depend entirely upon the
whim or caprice of an organiza-
tion to which the applicant for
unemployment compensation
might belong. It is within the
range of possibility that a labor
organization might adopt a rule
that no member could work where
Negroes are employed or where
employment calls for more hours
than four hours as a day's" work
or where the place of business of
an employer is more than a mile
from the residence of the unem-
ployed member or where an em-
ployer fails to maintain certain
facilities relating to the condi-
tions of employment, even though
not required by law so to do. or
where an employer does not pay
a wage equal to the union wage
for the same kind of work.
''Under such an interpretation,
the right of the applicant for un-
employment compensation would
not be fixed or determined by the
provisions of the statute but by
rules adopted by organizations in
which the applicant has member-
ship. Such interpretation of the
statute, and as a consequence its
administration in conformity to
such interpretations, is clearly un-
tenable."
On the other hand the Pennsyl-
vania court followed realistic reas-
oning and held:
"The case comes to this: The
claimant was obliged to decide be-
tween the referred employment
and the loss of his union member-
ship. Is an employed workman
obliged to accept suitable employ-
ment when its acceptance sub-
jects him to the loss of member-
ship in an organization which is
sanctioned and encouraged by the
law, and thereby sacrifice valu-
able property rights? Is an em-
ployee who refuses referred suit-
able work in such circumstances
'without good cause'?
* * *
"Before the General Assembly
definitely declared the policy of
the State, the Supreme Court held
THE CARPENTER
that membership in unions con-
stitutes property. The bundle of
rights which membership in a
union confers upon its members
— -among them, the privilege of
engaging in collective bargaining,
the interest in sick and death
benefits, and the opportunity to
obtain and retain work within the
member's trade at union rates —
is property, so valuable and so
thoroughly established in law that
equity will restrain its impair-
ment. . . . The member, however,
holds title to this property upon
the express condition that he com-
ply with ' the duties and obliga-
tions imposed upon him by the
constitution, by-laws and the
properly adopted rules of the
union, and he loses it by his fail-
ure to meet the conditions of
membership. Equity will not in-
tervene to save for him the prop-
erty he has forfeited by his fail-
ure to comply with them. . . .
The loss of union status and its
attendant consequences is a sub-
stantial and an irreparable harm,
so declared by our Supreme Court
apart from, and before the enact-
ment of, the Unemployment Com-
pensation Law.
* * *
"We have 'the pressure of real
not imaginary,substantial not tri-
fling, reasonable not whimsical,
circumstances,' and these com-
pelled claimant's decision to re-
fuse the referred employment.
The threat of expulsion was real
not imaginary: It was contained
in the by-laws ; it was communi-
cated by a reasonable union of-
ficial to the claimant ; and other
members had been suspended or
expelled for the same cause. It
was substantial not trifling: loss
of membership in the union would
deprive claimant of valuable prop-
erty rights, the accumulated death
benefits, and the opportunity to
obtain and retain work at union
rates."
It is not difficult in comparing the
two decisions to see the inherent
weakness and fallacy of the reason-
ing of the Ohio court. The decision
of the Ohio court is predicated en-
tirely on conjecture as to possible
unreasonable rules and regulations
that a union might adopt. However,
in that case no question was involved
of an unreasonable rule or regula-
tion of the union.
The entire labor movement would
do well to interest itself intensely
in this problem which has arisen
and which is now, with more fre-
quency, arising under the Social Se-
curity Laws, for if the decision of
the Supreme Court of Ohio is to
become the prevailing law of the
land, workmen and labor unions
both will have suffered greatly.
Union workmen will be given the
choice of relinquishing their unem-
ployment compensation or their
union membership. We do not be-
lieve that Congress ever intended
to present to workmen such a choice
but that Congress intended to pro-
tect the union membership of work-
men from being placed in jeopardy
regardless of the source of the jeop-
ardy so long as the jeopardy was
not based on facetious or unreason-
able rules and regulations of the
union.
The interpretation of the Social
Security Laws must be closely
watched if they are to fulfill their
purposes, and in cases where the
courts prevent the basic intent of
the law, amendments must be sought
in the legislative bodies. — Painter
and Decorator.
SIP
NO FOOLING ABOUT IT
As this is being written, the new Con-
gress is only a few weeks old. Never-
theless, some Congressmen — most of
them elected to office on an avowed
platform of sympathy for labor — are
falling all over themselves introducing
anti-labor bills. One and all, these pre-
election "friends of labor" are trying
to sell the idea they are doing what
they are doing "for the good of labor
itself."
From where we sit, they sort of re-
mind us of the timber owner who sent
out to camp a crew of fifty loggers and
three women cooks. When the gang
left, the timber owner told the woods'
boss to keep his reports short and in-
clude nothing but essential figures.
The next week he received the fol-
lowing note:
"Four per cent of the men has mar-
ried sixty-six and two thirds per cent
of the women."
And that is about the way it is with
these Congressmen. No matter how
they try to disguise it with malarkey,
tbeir aim is to cripple labor one hun-
dred per cent.
She 7nakcs the dumbest grades . . . hut
even the faculty voted her the "Most
likely to succeed."
THEY KNEW AT THE TIME
When Congress first convened, a sen-
ator from a southern state was denied
his seat temporarily after an investi-
gating committee discovered during a
hearing that he had received large sums
of money as good-will contributions
from successful war contractors. Dur-
ing the hearing many witnesses testi-
fied and it was surprising how many of
them "forgot" where they got certain
huge sums of money and how they dis-
posed of them. Fifteen and twenty-five
thousand dollar items slipped their
minds completely in just a couple of
years.
The whole thing sort of brings to
mind the Tennessee rookie who was sent
to a northern camp. This lad hailed
from Stump Hollow, Tenn. After being
in camp for some weeks he applied for
a furlough and carfare home, so he
could visit his folks. Day after day
went by without his hearing anything
from his application. Finally he went
to see the commanding officer to find
out what was wrong.
"The reason we haven't acted on your
request," explained the officer, "is that
nobody knows where that town of yours
is. Nobody ever heard of it before."
The rookie thought a moment. Final-
ly he said: "That's kind of funny, Sir;
they sure knew where it was when they
drafted me."
• • •
THE GREATEST NEED
One thing there is no shortage of
these days is economic theories. There
are a zillion economists in the country
and they each have a special formula
for bringing back normalcy and staving
off another depression. Last month one
of them released an especially involved
report. From what we could gather,
the gist of his idea is that currency
should be made more elastic.
Whether this is good or bad eco-
nomics we are hardly able to say; but
how about making it a little more ad-
hesive at the same time?
THE CARPENTER
WE BETTER WORK FAST
Right now the United Nations Or-
ganization is burning the midnight oil
trying to decide what to do with the
atom bomb. The plan put forth by
Bernard Baruch is being kicked around
and batted back and forth. About all
we can say is they better work out some
kind of a plan and work it out fast,
because right now we are in a position
about like the fellow who went to see
the doctor.
"But doctor," he said, "if I take all
this castor oil tonight, will I be well
enough to get up in the morning?"
To which the doctor replied:
"All I can say, Brother, is you better
be."
• • •
A LITTLE EMBARRASSING
All during the last years of the war
there were ugly rumors floating about
that some really juicy scandals were de-
veloping in the ship building industry.
Recently the House Merchant Marine
Committee made an investigation and
released a report. This report showed
some firms making profits of 4,000 and
5,000 per cent on their investment. We
would not be surprised if some people
had some tall explaining to do, although
the situation may be something like that
of the drunk and the policeman.
The policeman found the drunk wan-
dering around the streets in the wee
small hours in the morning.
"What explanation do you have for
wandering around at this hour of the
night?" the officer of the law demanded.
"Brother," replied the tippler, "if I
had an explanation I would have gone
home a couple of hours ago."
NO JUSTICE IN IT
Two old maids were sitting in their
apartment. One of them was reading
the newspaper. Suddenly she said:
"Listen to this, Abigail. A woman in
Denver has just cremated her third hus-
band."
"Isn't that the irony of fate," replied
the other. "Here some of us can't even
get one and other women have hus-
bands to burn."
• * •
To know is not to be wise; many men
know a great deal and are all the great-
er fools for it. — Spurgeon.
BREAK THE NEWS TO THEM
Well, at long last the war is over.
President Truman said so. We sure
hope that the news finds its way to
Greece and China and Palestine soon,
where the Greeks and Chinese and
Arabs and Jews are still acting like the
rest of us acted between December 7,
19 41, and August 14, 19 45.
* * •
THAT IS PROGRESS
In the Spring of this year the na-
tion will set into motion the greatest
road building program of all time. A
large number of super-highways will be
started to link together many of the
more populous areas of the east and
middle west.
The old cow trails where two cars
could hardly pass without colliding are
giving way to ten and twelve lane
speedways where eight and ten cars can
collide at one time.
• • •
THE SAD PART OP IT
Jay Gould, the old railroad magnate,
was once traveling on one of his lines.
The train stopped at a small town for
lunch and Mr. Gould entered one of the
town's two restaurants. He ordered
three boiled eggs. When the bill came,
it totaled $1.75.
"My, my," commented Gould, "eggs
must be mighty scarce around here."
"Oh, no," replied the restaurant own-
er, "eggs are plentiful enough; it's the
Jay Goulds that are scarce."
^^'ell, ice don't hare much fun . . . hut
ice make lots of money!
10
111 a unique venture Henry Kaiser builds houses
that are half prefab and half built on the job
Kaiser Tackles Housing
A UNIQUE SYSTEM of house-building is being practiced in Los
Angeles by Kaiser Community Homes, ambitious Henry J. Kaiser's
company organized for the volume production of housing. About
half the house is made in a sub-assembly factory and the rest built in
the field.
This combination of the advantages of factory methods with the archi-
tectural variations possible through finishing a house on the building site
has never before been tried on any substantial scale. It necessitates operat-
ing a plant that is one of the largest woodworking establishments in the
United States. For the Kaiser house is constructed essentially of ply-
wood, that durable material which has been found to be stronger, weight
for weight, than any known structural substance, not excluding steel.
This bold stride down a new path
toward providing thousands of
average families with better hous-
ing at lower cost would not have
been possible without the foresight
and cooperation of the United
Brotherhood of Carpenters. By far
the majority of the more than 500
plant employees at Kaiser Com-
munity Homes are members of that
union, the remainder being under
the A. F. of L. Painters' Union.
Carpenters' Union officials in Los
Angeles realized that if the new
Kaiser approach to residential
building were successful, it would
mean continuing volume output
serving a great mass market. These
forward-looking leaders, concerned
first of all with steady work at good
pay for their men but also with the
country's vast need of good low-
cost housing, saw bright hope in the
Kaiser program.
Today, largely as result of their
willingness to join in this unprece-
dented venture, Kaiser Communitv
Homes has become the largest
house-building enterprise in the
United States and is doing more
than any other organization to sup-
ply completed houses to veterans in
great numbers. The Los Angeles
plant now is turning out basic parts
for 15 houses a day and soon will be
producing 20 houses daily. More
than 300 houses are finished in the
field and another 900 are under way.
V\ "hereas ten months is not an un-
common building period in most
parts of the country. Kaiser Com-
munity Homes is completing homes
in about 45 days.
In the plant this has meant steady
work at good wages, the union's
prime objective. The average annual
earnings of factory employes is
comparable to the earnings of build-
ing tradesmen in Pacific Coast areas.
This demonstrates that volume fac-
tory techniques in housing do not
mean lowered wages.
The Kaiser plant methods'are es-
sentially simple. The factory prod-
A general view of the assembly lines in the Kaiser operation where wall panels and floor
panels are put together with engineering precision. Notice the large panels of plywood flank-
ing the- assembly lines. Kaiser-built houses rely greatly on plywood for stability and strength.
In the foreground is a combination built-in dressing table and clothes closet made into
one unit. This unit serves as a partition between two bedrooms and offers each bedroom an
identical dressing table and closet. In the middle background is a complete built-in kitchen
cabinet. Both are on their way to the painting booth where the priming coat is applied.
12
THE CARPEXIER
ucts are such basic sub-assemblies as
wall panels, both exterior and in-
terior; ceiling" and floor panels;
kitchen cabinets ; huge storage wall
closets that constitute room walls ;
and accessories like garage doors.
shutters, moldings, trellises, and
service porch exterior panels.
The remainder of the house is
erected in the field. Thus the ex-
terior surfacing of stucco mesh and
stucco is applied there. Also built
on the site are the roof framing, the
entire garage except the doors, the
porches, and various kinds of exte-
rior trim. Only recently, plywood
roof sheathing operations .were
transferred from field to plant.
The sub-assembly functions of the
plant are divided into two main
categories. Four bays of the factory
are devoted to cabinet work on the
kitchen unit and the storage wall
closets. The remaining area is given
over to several assembly lines where
the various types of panels are fab-
ricated.
The cabinet shop operation
utilizes pre-cut materials which are
gradually built into small sub-as-
semblies and finally, on large as-
sembly tables, into the final product.
Doors, drawers, shelves, cabinet
back sections and other parts are
machined and fitted, and move
smoothly to the point where they
are put together in the big floor-to-
ceiling units.
The completed cabinets travel in
an assembly line into paint spray
booths where they receive a prime
coat before shipment to the field
along with other essential house
parts.
To facilitate operations on the
long assembly lines where wall sec-
tions are fabricated, certain repeti-
tive tasks are performed on nearby
sub-assembly tables. Portions of
two-by-four framing destined for
panels may be similar, for example.
in several distinct panel types. This
job can therefore be done econom-
ically on a sub-assembly basis.
At the head of a wall panel as-
sembly line, the framing is laid
down, including any sections that
may have been fabricated at an
earlier stage. Here the entire room-
width panel frame is securely
nailed. When that operation is fin-
ished, a conveyor chain sunk in the
work bench-assembly line lifts the
frame and carries it to the next
station.
The second job is applying" syn-
thetic resin, a high-grade plastic
glue, to the framing in preparation
for the addition of the plywood
sheeting. Long glue guns are used
to spread the glue over framing sur-
faces. Then the plywood panel is
laid onto, the framing, and nailed or
stapled tight at all points. The nail-
ing and stapling has no structural
purpose. It merely creates a firm
bond while the glue is setting.
W "hen the glue hardens it has be-
come a plastic similar to Bakelite.
The resulting bond between frame
and panel produces what aircraft
manufacturers call ""stressed cover-
ing.'"'' Part of the stress and strain
to be borne by the finished panel is
transferred from the frame to the
very surface of the plywood. This
type of construction was common
in Britain's Mosquito bombers and
also is found in Howard Hughes'
huge experimental plane now being
finished at Long Beach. California.
The entire panel thus constructed
is nine times stronger than a similar
panel would be if it were merely
nailed.
13
Review of past AFVi reports disclose striking
similarity between conditions now and in 1920
The Same Sad Story
• •
WILL HISTORY repeat itself? One of the commonest subjects
of discussion these days is : Will there be a depression, recession
or shakedown as it is now called, after this war, such as took place
soon after World War I ? It used to be called a panic or a crisis. Then it
was a depression. Subsequently it was styled a recession. Now it is being
called a shakedown or shakeout. Whatever it is called, workers recog-
nize it as a period of unemployment and hardship.
The subject of a possible depression after this war will be considered
in this article, but before doing so, it is necessary to mention a number of
matters which arise in one's mind
when the question of whether his-
tory will repeat itself is presented.
To one who recalls the period after
World War I, the following signifi-
cant labor aspects of the years 1919-
1922, occur :
(1) The High Cost of Living;
(2) The Coal Strike and the In-
junction issue;
(3) The Steel and Other Strikes ;
(4) The Open Shop Campaign;
(5) The Legislative Attacks on
Trade Unions ;
(6) The Communist Invasion of
the Trade Unions ;
(7) The Unemployment of Mil-
lions in 1921-1922.
In order to attempt an answer to
the question of whether history will
repeat itself, we must first briefly
record the main labor and economic
events of the period after World
War I. As these events are unfold-
ed reference will be made to the
current scene, so one can determine
for oneself whether history is re-
peating itself.
The reports of the Executive
Council to conventions of the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor for the
years 1919, 1920, 1921 and 1922 con-
tain interesting data on the seven
subjects already enumerated.
The High Cost of Living
The 1920 convention of the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor was held
in Montreal, Canada, June 7-19.
These dates are important, because
the report of the Executive Council
was necessarily prepared a month or
more before the convention was
held. The armistice ending World
War I occurred on November 11,
1918. By the Spring of 1920, that is,
about 16 months after the Armistice,
the rising cost of living became a
burning question for the people of
the land. Here it is today, about 16
months after V-J .Day, and once
again the high cost of living is
arousing greater and greater con-
cern among the people of the coun-
try. Is history repeating itself?
Here is what the Executive Coun-
cil said, in part, in its report to the
June 1920 convention of the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor :
"No single problem has had a
greater bearing upon the welfare of
the American wage-earners in their
daily lives during the year just clos-
ing, than the cost of living. Recent
(Continued on Page 19)
ALTHOUGH contributions have fall-
en off considerably from the fine
pace set shortly after the an-
nouncement of the special fund for re-
habilitating the library at the Lake-
land Home, nevertheless some 13 3
Councils, Auxiliaries and Local Unions
have sent in donations during the past
month. A total of $1,909.18 was re-
ceived by the General Office for the Li-
brary Fund between December 15 and
January 21. Added to the $4,684.55
accounted for in last month's issue,
the total in the fund as of January 21
stood at $6,593.73.
The sole purpose of the Library Fund
is to rehabilitate the library at the
Home. Normal wear and tear have
taken their toll, and many books now
in the library soon will have to be re-
placed. Many new ones will have to be
purchased to keep the library up to date.
Magazines and periodicals will also have
to be added to the available reading
material if the aged members residing
at the Home are to derive the utmost
benefit from the library.
Of all the facilities provided for the
guests of the Home, the library is en-
joyed most and used oftenest. The
old timers seem to find more relaxa-
tion, entertainment and enlightenment
in the library than in any other one
thing. The Library Fund was started
at the suggestion of the Home and Pen-
sion Committee, whose report to the
Twenty-fifth General Convention on the
matter was adopted by unanimous ac-
tion. It is the aim of the fund to put
the library into first class condition and
keep it there.
Reading material has advanced in
price considerably during the past few
years. Book prices are fifty to a hun-
dred per cent higher than they were
and magazines and periodicals have
practically all doubled their subscrip-
tion prices. As a result the Home Li-
brary has faced additional difficulties.
Donations to the fund should be
clearly designated as such by writing
"Library Fund" on the check or accom-
panying letter so that bookkeeping dif-
ficulties may be avoided. Donations to
the fund from December 15 to January
21 were as follows:
L. U. City and State Amt.
1657 New York, N. Y 5 00
2884 Jonesboro, Ark. 10 00
1778 Columbia, S. C 23 68
3038 Bonner, Mont. 5 00
1404 Flora, 111. 5 00
1337 Tuscaloosa, Ala. 25 00
1093 Glen Cove, N. Y 10 00
824 Muskegon, Mich. 5 00
187 Geneva, N. Y 50 00
1991 Bedford, Ohio 10 00
964 Rockland Co., N. Y 25 00
1590 Washington, D. C._ 25 00
893 Grand Haven, Mich 10 00
705 Lorain, Ohio 5 00
1652 Portsmouth, N. H 5 00
9 Buffalo, N. Y 25 00
2281 Atlanta, Ga. 10 00
1526 Denton, Tex. 10 00
1464 Mankato, Minn. 10 00
393 Camden, N. J. 25 00
278 Watertown, N. Y 10 00
2212 Newark, N. J 5 00
L. U. City and State Amt.
1618 Sacramento, Cal. 10 00
2205 Wena tehee, Wash. 1000
1567 Martins Ferry, Ohio 5 00
1649 Richmond Hill, N. Y.__ 25 00
1597 Bremerton, Wash. 10 00
2190 Harlingen, Tex. 25 00
1795 Farmington, Mo. 10 00
12 Syracuse, N. Y 50 00
1829 Ravenna, Ohio 10 00
2194 Philadelphia, Pa. 5 00
1689 Tacoma, Wash. 10 00
25 Los Angeles, Cal 10 00
957 Stillwater, Minn. 5 00
1584 St. Anne de Bellevue,
Que., Can. 50 00
455 Somerville, N. J 10 00
1552 Salamanca, N. Y 25 00
1005 New Milford, Conn 5 00
79 New Haven, Conn 10 00
552 Atlanta, Ga. 25 00
562 Everett, Wash. 10 00
1934 Bemidji, Minn. 5 00
THE CARPENTER
15
L. U. City and State
350 New Rochelle, N. Y
128Q Mountain View, Cal
1142 Lawrenceburg, Ind.
22 San Francisco, Cal. 1
1770 Cape Girardeau, Mo
1551 Three Rivers, Mich
581 Herrin, 111.
2763 McNary, Ariz.
878 Beverly, Mass.
2791 Sweet Home, Ore
2199 Raton, N. M
359 Philadelphia, Pa.
204 Merrill, Wis.
465 Ardmore, Pa. _
3173 Muskegon, Mich.
121 Bridgeton, N. J
472 Ashland, Ky.
1856 Philadelphia, Pa.
541 Washington, Pa.
1220 Granville, N. Y
3034 Salinas, Cal.
177 Springfield, Mass.
1846 New Orleans, La
1436 Bangor, Pa.
2393 Orlando, Fla.
306 Newark, N. J
510 Du Quoin, 111
1439 McAdoo, Pa.
8 Philadelphia, Pa.
1211 Glasgow, Mont.
1739 Kirkwood, Mo.
982 Detroit, Mich.
2280 Mt. Vernon, Ohio
1150 Camden, N. Y
603 Ithaca, N. Y
1399 Okmulgee, Okla.
231 Rochester, N. Y
1144 Denver, Mass.
1292 Huntington, N. Y
1397 Port Washington, N. Y._
56 Boston, Mass.
1118 Jacksonville, Fla.
2009 Eugene, Ore.
18 Hamilton, Ont., Can
412 Sayville, N. Y
1116 Twin Falls, Ida
1768 Newark, N. J
959 Boynton Beach, Fla
1485 La Porte, Ind
2517 Sweet Home, Ore
1345 Buffalo, N. Y
1441 Canonsburg, Pa.
685 Chicopee, Mass.
Amt. L. U. City and State
Amt.
5 00
5 00
25 00
00 00
10 00
5 00
5 00
25 00
10 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
5 00
25 00
5 00
5 00
10 00
50 00
20 00
26 00
5 00
25 00
5 00
10 00
10 00
20 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
10 00
25 00
50 00
10 00
10 00
25 00
6 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
5 00
25 00
5 00
5 00
25 00
5 00
10 00
10 00
5 00
25 00
10 00
10 00
25 00
10 00
842
1137
835
339
1038
Pleasantville, N. J..
Jackson, Miss.
Seneca Falls, N. Y._
Emporia, Kansas _.
Ellenville, N. Y
COUNCILS
Cuyahoga Co. D. C, Cleveland,
Ohio
Jacksonville, Fla. & Vic, Jack-
sonville, Fla.
West Palm Beach D. C, West
Palm Beach, Fla
Detroit D. C, Detroit, Mich
Morris, Somerset and Vic. D. O,
Bernardsville, N. J
North Shore D. C, Salem, Mass.
Fox River Valley, D. C,
Green Bay, Wis.
Tacoma D. C, Tacoma, Wash._
Metropolitan D. C, Philadel-
phia, Pa.
5 00
30
0 0
5
00
2
00
5
00
100
00
25 00
25
00
15
00
10
00
25 00
10
00
50 00
AUXILIARIES
Aux. 2 8 3, Bremerton, Wash.
Aux. 417, Ponca City, Okla._
Aux 2, Toledo, Ohio
Aux. 244, San Jose, Cal
Aux. 421, Medford, Ore
Aux. 23, St. Louis, Mo
Aux. 202, Bozeman, Mont
Aux. 400, West Hollywood,
Cal.
Aux. 307, Sioux City, la.
Aux. 282, Reedsport, Ore
Aux. 207, Spokane, Wash
Aux. 13 5, Union City, N. J.
Aux. 440, Columbia Falls,
Mont.
Aux. 450, El Cajon, Cal
Aux. 432, Borger, Tex
Aux. 352, Eau Claire, Wis.
Aux. 366, Elgin, 111
Aux. 222, Butte, Mont
Aux. 287, Salem, Ore
Aux. 258, Bloomington, Ind.
Aux. 280, Rockford, 111
Aux. 407, Glendale, Ariz
Aux. 292, Vancouver, Wash._
Aux. 29 7, Jacksonville, Fla._
Aux. 241, Sedro-Woolley,
Wash.
25 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
10 00
2 00
5 00
1 00
15 00
10 00
5 00
2 50
5 00
3 00
5 00
10 00
5 00
5 00
3 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
10 00
5 00
Total $1,909 IS
RECAPITULATION
Donations previously accounted for $4,6S4 55
Donations received from December 15 to January 21 1,909 18
Total available money in Fund as of January 21 $6,593 73
Editorial
Distortion Can Lead to Fetters
It is no fun to pan the newspapers. By and large American newspa-
pers are the best in the world. In almost all things but labor news their
reporting is straightforward, factual, reliable and pretty much fearless.
They give their readers more features and more information than any
other newspapers in the universe. Only when it comes to reporting labor
news do they fall down badly. For the past decade they have seemed bent
on whipping up a sort of mass hysteria against labor. By inuendo at least,
they have intimated that organized labor is driving the nation to the brink
of absolute ruin. Inevitably they have made it appear that labor is at the
bottom of all our economic ills.
Remember the headlines of a few months ago when the coal mines
were tied up by the strike? In case you may have forgotten them, let us
give you a few examples: "Coal Crisis Perils Nation," "Trains Cut 50%;
Nation Faces Starvation," "Steel Production Rolling to Stop," "Coal
Strike Threatens Economic Collapse." The way the papers told it, the
nation was on the brink of absolute ruin. Starvation, anarchy, joblessness
and complete paralysis were just around the corner if the strike con-
tinued even a couple of days more.
Well, you can hardly blame the people if they assumed at the time
that that was the true situation. The papers were unanimous in their
predictions of doom. But what was the true situation? It seems it was
considerably less dire than the newspapers would have us believe, to
say the least. In fact, if Saward's Journal, a coal industry paper that
labels itself as the "Weekly Coal Trade Newspaper," can be relied on,
just prior to the strike the point was being reached where mine closures
were imminent because of excessive stock piles of coal. Reportedly the
Journal in its December 21, 1946, issue had this to say:
"Many in the trade believed that production was too large and that
supplies were accumulating at too fast a rate. This view is reported to
have been shared by John Lewis, and the belief is rather widely held that
one reason prompting him to call the strike was to see the huge above-
ground accumulation of coal reduced before it began to affect the demand
and force mines and miners into idleness because of lack of market. Mr.
Lewis is a close student of trade conditions, and he knows that a weak
coal market is a threat to wage stability, so there may be something to the
theory that he wanted to see less coal above ground."
The next week's issue of the same journal was even more worried about
overproduction, as the following item indicates:
"The mines have the manpower to produce as much coal as in either of
the two preceding years, but how the market would absorb it is a question
that nobody can answer with any certainty. . . . Because stockpiles in
THE CARPENTER 17
general were not greatly depleted at the end of the recent shutdown, the
buying since then has not been of an urgent character. For that reason,
as much coal is available as the piers can handle."
• There you have the story. While the newspapers were vying with
each other thinking up scare headlines about the cataclysm the coal strike
was supposed to bring on, the coal industry itself was wondering what
to do with its surplus. If that is fair, impartial or even factual reporting,
we do not know what the words mean.
We are not trying to imply that the coal strike was not a serious mat-
ter. It was — especially to the half million miners involved who have long
been waging a losing battle to keep earnings somewhere within shouting
distance of prices. But the way the papers seized upon it and used it as
a weapon for whipping up mass hysteria against labor makes an honest
individual a little bit sick to the stomach.
One of the pillars of our way of life is a free press. Anything that
jeopardizes the freedom of the press threatens the perpetuation of our
democratic government. To our way of thinking, nothing can lead more
surely to a fettered press than continued distortion. Distortion undermines
confidence. And once confidence is lost, neither the press nor any other
institution can long remain free. Nobody should know that better than
our newspapers.
The Only Real Solution
According to recently released statistics by the Department of Labor,
there was a total of 4,700 strikes during the year 1946 involving some-
thing like 113 million man-days of lost time. The total time lost due
directly to strikes represented about one and one-half per cent of the
total days worked by American workers in that period.
' While one and one-half per cent is not a very high figure considering
everything, there is no use denying the fact that strikes were a serious
problem during the past year. Every man-day lost complicated the recon-
version problem and placed another obstacle in the pathway to normalcy.
However, in view of the aggravations, frustrations and inequities that
piled up during the last months of the war and the first days of peace it is
a wonder that the strike situation did not become much more serious. That
it did not is a tribute to the good judgment and common sense of the
average American worker.
Right now special interests with axes of their own to grind are whip-
ping up a frenzy against strikes and organized labor. The hue and cry
for anti-labor legislation is echoing through the halls of Congress. A
thousand "experts" are advocating a thousand different panaceas for in-
dustrial peace. Attacks are coming on the closed shop, industry-wide
negotiating, the right to strike, and just about every other prerogative
labor still retains. And the sad part of it all is that to anyone really famil-
iar with labor and the industrial picture the panaceas and cures being
advocated almost all border on the verge of downright silliness.
There is only one real solution to the current strike problem. One has
but to look at the statistics compiled by the Department of Labor to find
18 THE CARPENTER
it. Last month the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor
showed very simply what has been happening in American industry. From
April, 1945, to October, 1946, consumer prices climbed sixteen and eight
tenths per cent. During the same time average weekly earnings declined
only two and seven-tenths per cent, but the purchasing power of weekly
earnings decreased by sixteen and seven-eighths per cent. In other words,
during the eighteen month period, prices climbed better than sixteen per
cent and at the same time the purchasing power of weekly earnings de-
creased by more than sixteen per cent.
Now the real way to stop strikes is simple. Let the employers raise
wages enough to wipe out the decrease in purchasing power of weekly
earnings and at the same time let them lower prices enough to bring them
down to a par with what they were in April, 1945, and the strike situation
will be automatically solved. Workers like strikes less than any other
one class. They strike only when necessity compels them to. Remove the
necessity for striking and you automatically reduce strikes to an irre-
ducible minimum.
Labor peace cannot be brought about simply by passing laws any more
than weather can be regulated by legislation. In order that peace and
harmony can prevail in industry, workers must be convinced that they
are getting a fair break — and that holds true whether they are organized
or not. They do not object to the employer making a fair profit. They
do not quarrel with the right of the employer to make a reasonable return
on his investment. All they ask is the right to make a reasonable return
on their investment of sweat and skill — a return that is embodied in an
American standard of living.
The people who hope to bring about industrial peace by legislation are
doomed to bitter disappointment. If employers will raise wages as much
as possible and cut prices as much as possible, maintaining for themselves
a reasonable profit, the strike situation will really be settled. Outside of
that there is no honest solution.
A Problem of National Importance
Congressman Everett M. Dirksen of Illinois last month brought to
the attention of Congress a problem that should have shocked the nation.
Every newspaper in the nation should have given it the same sort of ban-
ner headline treatment labor news has been getting lately. However, if
Dirksen's remarks rated any space at all in the average newspaper they
got a little squib on page thirty-seven among the want ads and pile "cures."
What Dirksen grew irate about was the shocking record of unfitness
among our younger male population as shown by Selective Service sta-
tistics. He pointed out that of seventeen million young Americans called
up for military service during the war years, more than five million were
rejected for reasons of physical or mental unfitness. "Think of it," he
exclaimed, "more than thirty of every hundred young men between the
ages of eighteen and thirty-seven were rejected."
In a nation as enlightened as the United States, this is a sorry record
indeed. To be considered as such, a living wage henceforth must be suf-
ficient to include adequate medical care.
THE CARPENTER
19
The Same Sad Story — Cont. from P. 13
figures covering- the nation as a
whole are not available for purposes
of comparing- increases in the cost
of living with the increase in wages,
but the last figures of a general na-
ture issued by the U. S. Department
of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statis-
tics, showed that, while since 1913,
the average advance in the wages of
organized workers was 55 per cent,
the average increase in the cost of
living was 83.1 per cent. There is
no reason to presume that this mar-
gin between wages and cost of liv-
ing has decreased since these figures
were issued. There are on the con-
trary, statistics to show that the
margin has materially increased. No
statistics are needed to convince us
that the increase in the cost of liv-
ing has been a serious factor in the
lives of the great masses of our
people, and it is certain that there
is no justification of any kind, either
in fact or in theory, for the bulk of
the burden that has been thrown
upon the people in the form of in-
creased prices."
The Executive Council report re-
ferred to a section of the declara-
tion entitled "Labor, Its Grievances,
Protests and Demands," adopted by
the conference of representatives of
organized labor in Washington, De-
cember 13, 1919, dealing with the
cost of living. This section of the
Council report answered the charge
that labor was a contributing factor
in the rising cost of living:
"The claim that increasing wages
make necessary increased prices is
false. It is intended to throw upon
the workers the blame for a process
by which all the people have been
made to suffer. Labor has been
compelled to struggle desperately
to keep wages in some measure up
to the cost of living . . . Existing
high and excessive prices are due to
the present inflation of money and
credits, to profiteering by those who
manufacture, sell and market prod-
ucts, and to burdens levied by mid-
dlemen and speculators."
Coal Strike of igig
The coal strike of 1946 is over.
The parallel between the very re-
cent strike and that of 1919 is an
extraordinarily close one.
The report of the Executive
Council to the 1920 convention of
the American Federation of Labor
comments on the 1919 coal crisis in
these words :
"On October 25, 1919, President
Wilson issued a statement to the
country wherein he demanded a re-
call of the strike order by the Unit-
ed Mine Workers' officials, declar-
ing the proposed strike to be 'not
only unjustifiable but unlawful."
This astounding action crystallized
tremendous public opinion in oppo-
sition to the mine workers and the
Department of Justice instituted in-
junction proceedings against the
United Mine Workers in the federal
courts with a view of preventing the
strike.
"On October 31, 1919, Judge Al-
bert B. Anderson of the Federal
Court District in Indianapolis, upon
petition of the government, issued
a temporary restraining order
against the officers of the United
Mine Workers. This order sought
to restrain them from performing
any act in furtherance of the strike
and prevented legitimate inter-
course with their membership. On
November 1, 1919, some 452,000 men
ceased work in response to the
strike order and in violation of the
terms of the injunction. On Novem-
ber 8, 1919, Judge Anderson, sitting
at Indianapolis, upon prayer of the
government issued a mandatory
writ of injunction wherein the of-
ficers of the organization were giv-
20
THE CARPENTER
en seventy-two hours to rescind the
strike order."
The Executive Council of the
American Federation of Labor
summed up its position as follows:
"The attention of the convention
is called to the paramount fact that
the action of the court at Indian-
apolis in introducing the mandatory
injunction into the dispute between
the miners and the operators, leaves
before the organized labor move-
ment and the workers of the United
States in general, an issue wrhich
cannot be evaded and an issue which
can never be settled until it is set-
tled in such a manner as to restore
the liberties and the freedom which
have been destroyed. So long as it
is possible for courts to assume the
power and the authority assumed
by the federal courts in Indianap-
olis, so long will it be possible for
judges throughout the land to sus-
pend and nullify rights guaranteed
in the Constitution of the United
States, rights without which democ-
racy is crippled and incomplete."
The Steel and Other Strikes
The coal strike was only one. of
the more important strikes which
occurred in 1919. That year broke
all previous records for the number
of workers involved in labor dis-
putes. There were reported by the
Bureau of Labor Statistics to have
been 5,154,733 employees at least —
the actual figures were undoubtedly
higher — engaged in strikes and
lockouts in that memorable year.
There were general strikes, as in
the city of Seattle, Washington.
There was the stoppage of the Bos-
ton Police. There were two strikes
of the harbor workers in the Port
of New York. There were a great
many other outstanding strikes.
But, apart from the coal strike, the
most noteworthy labor dispute of
the year was the steel strike. This
strike was tied up with the failure
of the Industrial Conference called
by President Woodrow Wilson.
The arrogance of Judge Gary and
the steel barons and their determi-
nation to destroy the union in the
s-teel industry are worthy of retell-
ing if- even briefly.
The Executive Council reports to
the 1920 convention as follows in
this connection:
"Almost at the outset of the con-
ference it was recognized that col-
lective bargaining was the first prin-
ciple upon which agreement should
be reached. Upon this question the
conference spent the remaining pe-
riod of its life and broke, up unable
to reach an agreement.
"The employers' delegation would
not accept any resolution on col-
lective bargaining unless it was so
worded as to be anti-trade union
in spirit and to provide encourage-
ment and support of company
unions.
"Through debate in open session
and through committee meetings
lasting many days, employers stub-
bornly resisted every attempt at
conciliation and it was this posi-
tio n of obstinacy in defense of
vested interests that led finally to
the dramatic disruption of the con-
ference with the departure of the
labor delegation from the hall." If
the employers' representatives had
shown a genuine and sincere will-
ingness to accept the principle of
collective bargaining, the Industrial
Conference would have laid the
basis for a new day in America.
There have been profound
changes in the American economic
scene, insofar as unionism is con-
cerned. We are being told by
spokesmen for employers and em-
ployer groups that the principle of
THE CARPENTER
21
collective bargaining is wholeheart-
edly accepted today. But what of
tomorrow? Have the employers
truly made up their minds to meet
with labor at the bargaining table?
Or, will history repeat itself?
Open Shop Campaign
This leads logically to a consid-
eration of the vicious, and un-Amer-
ican Open Shop Campaign which
was launched by employer interests
in this country shortly after the
world was made safe for democ-
racy. These anti-union advocates
launched a terrific barrage of prop-
aganda. They did not stop with
words. They went the limit — and
we mean the limit — to destroy by
fair means or foul the trade union
movement. The Executive Council's
report to the 1922 convention of the
American -Federation of Labor will
bear close reading today, in view of
the clear signs alreadv that history
IS REPEATING ITSELF.
"There is scarcely a trade," says
the Executive Council report, "in
which there has not been conducted
an organized campaign for the es-
tablishment of the so-called 'open
shop.' Not only employers but big
business and high finance through-
out the country have contributed
financially to this campaign and an
enormous fund has been used in
propaganda work. Indeed, it is an
undisputed fact that to a large ex-
tent the campaign was the result
of the work of professional propa-
gandists who make it their business
to sell their services to the highest
bidder without regard to the char-
acter of the work to be done."
Communist Invasion
A section of the Executive Coun-
cil's report to the 1921 convention
of the American Federation of La-
bor is entitled "America and the
Soviets." It is timely and pertinent
today, as it was 25 years ago. Space
permits only of the mere mention
of the sub-heads : "The Camouflaged
Trade Agitation," "Labor in Soviet
Russia," "The War Against De-
mocracy," "Bolshevist Designs in
America — the Red Labor Union In-
ternationale," which will indicate
that not much has changed, so far
as the Communist invasion of our
labor organizations is concerned.
Unemployment in ig2i-22
The Special Committee on Unem-
ployment authorized by the 1921
convention, reported that "By the
summer of 1921 we were faced with
an unemployment problem of un-
precedented proportions." It re-
ferred to the estimate of the U. S.
Department of Labor that there
were 5,000,000 unemployed. The
Committee submitted a comprehen-
sive analysis of the unemployment
situation to the convention, together
with a series of constructive meas-
ures. Finally, the Special Commit-
tee pointed out that "stabilized em-
ployment must wait the finding of
controls to eliminate business crises,
boom expansions and depressions."
This final conclusion naturally
raises the question concerning a pos-
sible depression after this war, as
occurred after World War I.
The depressions of 1921-22 and
1929-33 were primarily caused by
the disparity between profits and
the purchasing power of our peo-
ple. We are now facing a critical
time in the American economy.
The representatives of business
have it in their hands largely to de-
termine whether the history of the
next ten years will repeat that of
the decade of 1919-29. Will they
once again try to beat down the
organizations of labor, which are
the only instruments of the work-
ers to maintain and increase the
22
THE CARPENTER
purchasing power of the people?
Will they seek to amass ever higher
profits, and indulge in an orgy of
speculation and wild-cat financing,
as they did in the 1920's? Will they
improve and intensify the methods
of production, turning out more and
more goods, while at the same time
trying to hammer down wages and
throw increasing numbers of work-
ers on the scrap heap?
Will the legislators in state and
federal bodies repeat the history of
the ten years of 1919-29 also? Will
they turn a deaf ear to the demands
of the vast majority of our people
and listen very attentively to the
representatives of special privilege?
Will these legislators try to under-
mine all existing labor legislation
and by so doing, cripple the labor
organizations? Will they try to
hamstring the trade unions from ef-
fective functioning, and prevent the
workers from securing the neces-
sary purchasing power to keep the
whole economy going?
American labor must point out
to business and government the
dangers to the entire free enterprise
system inherent in such short-
sighted policies. The workers have
the most to lose and they must
fight in the most determined man-
ner to preserve and improve their
organizations. They must, at the
same time, give warning that any
effort to revert to the methods of
1919-29, mean disaster to our free
economy and our free democratic
institutions. — Metal Trades Bulle-
tin.
Rail Maintenance Union Head Dies
Elmer E. Milliman, President of the Brotherhood-of Maintenance of
Way Employes, died in a Detroit, Michigan, hospital December 31, fol-
lowing an operation.
A native of Mount Morris, N. Y., he was 56 years old.
Brother Milliman was an executive in his organization for more than 24
years and, at the time of his death, was serving his third term as President.
During his career as a labor leader, he was an active member of the Rail-
way Labor Executives' Association and served on numerous committees
of the A. F. of L. and Railway Brotherhoods, always with distinction.
President Milliman attended the Rochester, N. Y., Institute of Tech-
nology, studying engineering. His earlier training as a telephone com-
pany engineer provided the springboard from which he catapulted into the
position of foreman for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad.
During his decade of service with this line, his interest in the lot of his
fellow workers became such that at the age of 29 he was elected General
Chairman of his organization for the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western
System, embarking him upon a period of service which culminated in his
election to the post of Secretary-Treasurer of his International Union in
1922. He advanced to the presidency in 1940.
Brother Milliman is survived by his widow, the former Esther D.
Cumaer ; two sons. John and Elmer, Jr. ; his mother, Mrs. Frank Welch,
and a sister, Miss Agnes C. Milliman.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
QiNiEiL Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General Vicb-Pbesidbnt
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretary
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District, CHARLES JOHNSON, Jr. Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
111 E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y.
631 W. Page, Dallas, Texas'
Second District, WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bid., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland. O.
Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District, ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St.. Florence, S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary.
Special Attention to Financial Secretaries
The attention of Financial Secretaries is called to the change in Sec-
tion 45, Paragraphs A and B, which provides that members shall be notified
by the Financial Secretary during the third and sixth of their arrearages
at their last known addresses. These notices of arrearages may be secured
from the General Office. In ordering same, please specify quantity of each
(third and sixth month) desired.
1092
2946
1106
1122
1150
2940
294.{
1156
2948
1174
11811
1191
1205
Klickitat, Wash.
Yamhill. Ore.
Evansville, Iud.
Owensboro, Ky.
Camden, N. Y.
Boligee, Ala.
Columbus, Miss.
Montrose. Colo.
Hattiesburg, Miss.
Warm Springs, Ore.
Middleport, N. Y.
Marietta, Ohio
Montgomery, Ala.
NEW CHARTERS ISSUED
2950 Louisville, Ky. 2537
2958 Ravalli, Mont. ■ 1352
1215 Philadelphia, Pa. 2544
1218 Boone, Iowa 1356
1237 St. Charles, Ont., Can. 2937
1238 Delbarton, W. Va. 2558
2972 Jonesboro, Ark. 2687
2H75 Ukiah, Calif. 2721
1264 ' Shreveport, La. 2723
1269 Trenton, N. J. 1368
1286 Rock Island, 111. 1374
2518 Hope, Ark. 1376
Sudbury, Out., Can.
Poland, N. Y.
Shawano. Wis.
Munising, Mien.
Elizabeth City, N. C.
Cazadero. Calif.
Auburn, Calif.
El Centro, Calif.
Lacoochee. Fla.
Seattle, Wash.
Mountain View. Mo.
Fort Bragg, Calif.
"$
n 3m t m rr x x h m
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more.
%tsi x
xtx ijptntt
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother RICHARD ARN, Local No. 213, Houston, Texas .
Brother M. N. ASHER, Local No. 87, St. Paul, Minn.
Brother ARTHUR BALL, Local No. 638, Morristown, N. J.
Brother A. P. BLOMBERG, Local No. 87, St. Paul, Minn.
Brother DICK H. F. COLLIER, Local No. 87, St. Paul, Minn.
Brother ROGER DARKE, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother FRANK H. DAVIS, Local No. 329, Oklahoma City, Okla.
Brother HAROLD DUNFORD, Local No. 498, Brantford, Ont., Ca.n
Brother NORMAN C. DUNN, Local No. 937, Dubuque, Iowa.
Brother EDWARD J. FRIMAN, Local No. 747, Oswego, N. Y.
Brother AMON F. GEORGE, Local No. 229, Glens Falls, N. Y.
Brother ERNEST GREEN, Local No. 1752, Ontario, Calif.
Brother EVERETT HARRISON, Local No. 213. Houston, Texas.
Brother ADAM HEEGLE, Local No. 188, Yonkers, N. Y.
Brother A. L. HOOK, Local No. 1212, Coffey ville, Kans.
Brother RAYMOND R. ISRAAL, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother VICTOR JACOBSEN, Local No. 188, Yonkers, N. Y.
Brother CHARLES JOHNSON, SR., Local No. 1456, New York, N. Y.
Brother JOHN E. JOHNSON, Local No. 958, Marquette, Mich.
Brother LEONARD KADOW, Local No. 1485, LaPorte, Ind.
Brother GLEN KING, Local No. 190, Klamath Falls, Ore.
Brother CHARLES KRENN, Local No. 1164, Brooklyn, N. Y .
Brother JAMES J. LAVELLE, Local No. 261, Scranton, Pa.
Brother JOHN WESLEY LEE, Local No. 302, Huntington, W. Va.
Brother EMORY M. LEWIS, Local No. 1024, Cumberland, Md.
Brother ANTHONY MAFERA, Local No. 1164, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother F. C. MARTI, Local No. 916, Aurora, 111.
Brother C. H. MILAM, Local No. 303, Portsmouth, Va.
Brother CHARLES NOBIS, Local No. 366, Bronx, N. Y.
Brother CARL QUIST, Local No. 87, St. Paul, Minn.
Brother WILLIAM L. ROSS, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother M. RYAN, Local No. 419, Chicago, 111.
Brother EDWARD SCHMIDT, Local No. 1164, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother M. J. SCHOOLCRAFT, Local No. 679, Montpelier, Vt.
Brother ALEX SCHULTZ, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother JACK SMITH, Local No. 133, Terre Haute, Ind.
Brother T. R. SUTHERLAND, Local No. 100, Muskegon, Mich.
Brother STUART TUTTLE, Local No. 100, Muskegon, Mich.
Brother J. J. VAUGHN, Local No. 213, Houston, Texas.
Brother FRANK VOGEL, Local No. 87, St. Paul, Minn.
Brother MATT WAGNER, Local No. 1752, Ontario, Calif.
Brother CHARLES WENDLAND, Local No. 657, Sheboygan, Wis.
Brother ARTHUR W. WHITE, Local No. 72, Rochester, N. Y.
Brother GRANT WHITE, Local No. 133, Terre Haute, Ind.
Brother SAMUEL M. WRIGHT, Local No. 525, Coshocton, Ohio.
CorrQspondQncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
LOCAL UNION 246 HONORS ITS VETERANS OF WORLD WARS I AND II
Twenty-seven years have passed since the signing of the Armistice terminating
hostilities of World War I. Each year it has been the custom of Local Union 246,
New York, N. Y., to honor in some way those of its members who served in that
war and to revere the memory of those who paid the supreme sacrifice.
Brother Gus Darmstadt, Financial Secretary, is the originator of these Veterans'
nights and has through the years planned some celebration in their honor. Again
this year he came to the fore with a gala celebration.
Speakers for the evening were Brother Sam Sutherland, General Office Repre-
sentative and past President of Local Union 246, and Brother Robert Johnson.
Secretary and Treasurer of the New York District Council, both of whom delivered
themselves nobly.
Brother Darmstadt read the Honor Roll of the Veterans of World War I. Of
the thirty-five brothers who served in that war, eight have passed away from
wounds or gas poisoning and twelve are still active in the Local Union. Of the
ninety-nine brothers who served in World War II, ninety-one returned to the
Local Union and eight are still in service. Those answering the call were heartily
welcomed. As a token of esteem it was moved that a donation of three months'
dues be given to all those still active in the Local.
Before adjourning for refreshments, a rising vote of thanks was given to
Brother Darmstadt for his sincere efforts in making this meeting the success that
it was.
TAYLORVILLE MEMBERS STAGE TURKEY DINNER
On Friday, November 22, 1946, Local Union No. 748, Taylorville, 111., celebrated
its 45th Anniversary with a banquet for all its members and their families.
Baked Turkey and all the trimmings were served to about 6 5 carpenters, their
wives and families.
Brother Halley Nash, President of Local Union No. 742 Decatur, was present
and gave a nice talk.
As the meeting was about to break up Brother Harold Cheesman walked in
and we proceeded to put the Turkey to him.
Everyone left well filled with food and fellowship and is looking forward to
another Anniversary.
Fraternally yours, E. L. Van Vleet, R. S.,
L. U. No. 748, Taylorville, 111.
DU BOIS, PA., MEMBERS MARK 46th ANNIVERSARY
The Editor:
January 2, 1947, was the 46th Anniversary of the issuing of the Charter for
Local Union 580 of Du Bois, Penna. With this in mind, the members, after their
regular meeting, partook of a dinner well planned to suit the season and served
by a committee that knew the appetite of hard working carpenters.
Local 580 has seen a steady growth both in its membership and in better work-
ing conditions. Fitting tribute was paid to the older members whose persistent
efforts have made this possible. The year 19 47 was pledged as another year for
even bigger and better things for both the members of Local 580 and the City
of Du Bois.
Fraternally yours,
Don Hoover, Rec. Sec, Local 580.
26 THE CARP EXTER
LOCAL 22 FETES RETIRING OFFICER
On Monday evening. July 2 7th, about 325 friends, including General Contrac-
tor.? and representatives of local labor and civic organizations, gathered at the
St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, to attend a testimonial dinner in honor of Martin
L. Bavage, former Financial Secretary of Carpenters' Local Union No. 22 who
recently retired from active service in the Union's office after twenty-four years of
honored and faithful duty.
Many speakers of the evening spoke of the integrity and harmony brought
about between employers and employes through the years by Mr. Bavage's efforts,
and as a token of appreciation a beautiful diamond ring was presented to him by
his numerous friends in the Building Trades. In addition to the banquet, a
number of entertainers helped round out an evening of good fellowship.
Those seated at the speaker's table; were Jack Welsh, Treasurer of Carpenters'
Local Union No. 22; District Attorney Pat Brown; Judge Dan Schoemaker of the
Municipal Court; Dewey Meade, President of the Building Trades Council; State
Senator Jack Shelley; Joe Stuart, Past-President of Carpenters' Local No. 22;
Frank Bond, President of the District Council of Carpenters; Archie Mooney of
the State Apprenticeship Council; Abe Muir, General Executive Board Member of
the Brotherhood of Carpenters: Judge Herbert Kaufman and Judge Melvin Cronin
of the San Francisco Superior Court; Hon. Geo. Harris, Federal Judge; Geo. R.
som, Secretary of the Building Trades Temple Association; Hon. William
Malone. Chairman of the Democratic County Committee; Geo. R. R.eilly of the
State Board of Equalization; Judge Twain Michaelson of the San Francisco Muni-
cipal Court; Dave Ryan, Secretary of the District Council of Carpenters; John A.
O'Connell, Secretary of the San Francisco Labor Council; Frank McDonald, Presi-
dent of the State Building Trades Council; Robert J. Cains, President of Local 22;
Martin L. Bavage, retiring Financial Secretary of Local 22; and many other
prominent citizens.
Respectfully submitted, Clement A. Clancy. Recording Secretary.
HAMILTON" LOCAL PAYS TRIBUTE TO OLD TIMERS
Local 18, Hamilton, Ontario, held one of the best-attended meetings in recent
years on the night of December 17, when special tribute was paid to the old timers.
Representative Andy Cooper was present to help enliven the proceedings. During
the course of the evening, forty-one members of the Local were presented with
service badges, several of them being for more than fifty years continuous mem-
bership. Six of the youngest members present were accorded the privilege of
presenting the honor badges to the old timers. Dundas Local No. 2034 had eight
members who were entitled to service badges.
During the course of the meeting the old timers gave the youngsters an
example of spirited debate without rancor or clash of personalities. All in all,
the evening turned out to be an interesting and enlightening one which everyone
enjoyed, especially the youngster who got a good look at trade unionism in opera-
tion at its best.
PORT ARTHUR LOCAL HELPS OUT SANTA
One hundred and ninety Port Arthur, Ontario, children — sons and daughters
of members of Local Union No. 2 52 7- — had the time of their lives on the evening
of December 19 when the Local Union sponsored a party in their behalf. Italian
Hall was crowded to capacity for the occasion. A program of fine entertainment,
including musical selections, dancing and balancing acts, kept the guests enter-
tained.
Highlight of the evening, however, was the appearance of Santa Claus, who
entered the hall to the singing of Jingle Bells. Gifts from the beautifully decorated
Christmas Tree were given each youngster. After the appearance of Santa, ice
cream, candy and pop were distributed to the youngsters. Much later the young-
sters departed for home, tired but happy. All who attended voted the first Christ-
mas Party of Local Union No. 2 82 7 a huge success. Thomas Alder, Local Union
president, acted as master of ceremonies, and W. E. Plunkett batted for Santa.
FIRST CAPITAL, AUXILIARY FORMJED
The Editor:
December 19, 1946, was a big night for Local 1590 of Washington, D. C.
The first Ladies' Auxiliary in this city was organized by them, and we of
Auxiliary No. 46 7, wish to express our sincere thanks and appreciation for the
work they did to make this possible.
We also wish to thank them for their very generous donation of $100.00.
Our elected officers are: Mrs. H. Stumpe, President; Miss D. Brinkman, Finan-
cial Secretary; Mrs. D. Chase, Recording Secretary; Mrs. S. Brinkman, Conductor;
Mrs. S. Carlson, Warden; Trustees, Mrs. M. Dellinger, Mrs. R. Crimmins and Mrs.
M. Sarcia.
Auxiliary No. 467 extends fraternal greetings to all sister organizations and
would appreciate and enjoy hearing from them.
Fraternally yours, Mrs. Dorothy E. Chase, Rec. Sec,
1341 29th St., S. E.,
Washington 20, D. C.
SAXTA ANA LADIES SPONSOR SERIES OF PARTIES
Carpenters' Local Union No. 1815 and Ladies Auxiliary No. 216 of Santa Ana,
California, recently inaugurated a series of parties, the first of which was held in
November at Carpenters' Hall. Over a hundred members and guests attended and
enjoyed a semi-pot-luck dinner and colored travel films shown by world-traveler
Julia Anne Hyde. Door prizes added to the interest — especially since they were
such worthwhile things as a turkey, duck, etc.
■The December party was moved to a larger hall — a happy decision, since at-
tendance jumped to 2 60. A delicious dinner and fine entertainment featured the
evening. At each party we get new members.
We have been very active during recent years. Every Thursday in our new
club room we sew for the Red Cross all day, and once a month we hold a luncheon
meeting. Our regular meetings are held the first Friday of every month and
any visiting sisters are welcome to attend.
HERMISTOX LADIES STILL VERY ACTIVE
The Editor:
Just a line to let you know what we are doing here at Hermiston, Oregon.
Although there is just a small bunch of us left, we are still keeping Auxiliary No.
429 very much alive. We are still holding two meetings a month as always.
For the month of September we fixed up a small truck as a float and our
parade entry got many fine comments. We had a small unfinished house sitting
on the truck. A little boy and girl were nailing boards on it. On the other end
of the truck we had a miniature store counter. Our president, Bertha Miller,
stood behind the counter handling Union Label goods. On the sides of the
float we had large signs reading "Carpenters' Local No. 933 and Ladies' Auxiliary
No. 429." For the month of October we gave a Halloween party and pie social.
With a fishing pond and wishing well we raised some money for the Community
Chest. We also sponsored a fine Christmas party. We drew names for presents
and we all donated to buy our president a lovely gift.
Fraternally yours, Florence Russel, Rec. Se.
Craft ProblQms
Carpentry
'Copyright 1947)
By H. H. Siegele
LESSON 221
Boring tools hold an important place
in every mechanic's collection of tools.
Boring tools, as we are using the term
here, covers auger and drill bits and
braces of all kinds, including any other
kind of device that is used for operating
Fig. 1
any kind of boring or drilling tool. For
the carpenter the brace and bit is the
most practical, however often he is
called upon to use power-driven devices
for boring and drilling.
While there are many kinds and
makes of braces, in general they can be
p,ut into two classifications, the ratchet
braces and the non-ratchet braces. A
ratchet brace of a good design is shown
by Fig. 1. We are pointing out with
indicators from left to right: The
Fig. 2
chuck, the ratchet (box ratchet); the
bow, which is the bent part of the brace
that constitutes the sweep; the handle
and the head.
In buying a brace the first thing to
determine is the kind of brace you
want, which means a brace that would
best answer the purposes for which you
are buying it. The second thing is the
sweep. If the boring is heavy, as boring
through tough wood or boring rather
large holes, then you should have a
sweep that will carry that kind of load.
As a rule, a 10-inch sweep ( commonly
called 5-inch) will handle auger bits up
to 1 %i inches in diameter- — in tougb
wood the pull will be hard for the larger
bits. For light boring and drilling a 6-
inch sweep ("commonly called 3-inch)
gives excellent service, and for driving
screws that can not be driven with an
Fig. 3
ordinary screw driver, the 6-inch sweep
can not be excelled.
In accurate boring fall boring should
be reasonably accurate) as for mortise
locks and so forth, the first thing is to
be sure that the auger bit is started in
the right direction. To do that it will be
necessary to do a little sighting and
testing. When the bit is started, take
a firm position so that the head of the
brace can be kept from wobbling by
THE CARPENTER
29
holding it with the left hand somewhat
as shown by Fig. 2, while you operate
the brace with the right hand. If the
auger bit is kept properly sharpened,
very little pressure against the head
will be necessary to make it cut, except-
Fig. 4
ing in cases of hard knots or pitchy
spots. Whenever the workman must
strain himself to force the auger bit to
cut, it usually indicates that the bit
needs sharpening.
Fig. 3 shows two auger points. The
one shown at the bottom is much easier
to sharpen than the one shown to the
upper right, because the former has the
side cutters on the bottom and the
latter has them on the upper side. At a,
in both drawings, we show the back of
the cutter, while at b we show the
front. The heavy shading indicates the
bevels made by the filing. The bottom
drawing shows a file in position for fil-
ing a cutter, which should always be
done on the upper side — -this is also
Fig. 5
true of filing the cutters of the auger
point shown to the upper right. The
filing should be done in such a manner
that the bevel will be uniform and the
cutting edge perfectly straight. The
side cutters should be filed on the inside
— never on the outside. Filing the side
cutters on the outside will cause the
auger bit to bind in the hole. When
the screw point needs sharpeninng, a
Fig. 6
knife-blade file should be used and
special care is necessary to form and
sharpen the threads. Do not over do
the filing on the screw point.
Fig. 4 shows two views of a bit exten-
sion. The upper drawing shows the
chuck open, ready for the bit to be in-
serted. The key with which the bit is
locked into the chuck is in place for
fastening the bit. At the bottom draw-
ing the bit in part is shown locked in
the chuck and the key is pulled back a
little. When the boring is underway,
the key is pulled back to the tang of
the bit extension.
Fig. 5 gives a section, in part, of a
French door, showing how to bore for
the extension rod of a flush bolt. At A
we show the first boring, which is done
with a bit just a little smaller than the
socket plate. This boring is shown run-
ning upward. At B a little smaller bit
is used to bring the hole back more
nearly to center. This done, a small
-#^t#§fl#lf^l#^^
Fig. 7
bit, as shown, is used for boring the
rest of the hole. The two first borings
made it possible to manipulate the small
bit in starting so it would bore straight
to the housing for the operating lever,
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
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first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
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By the use of this System of Estimating you
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reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
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Study the course for ten days absolutely
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course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
30
THE CARPENTER
which is shown marked A in Pig. 6. At
B, in this figure, we show the bolt
coupled to the extension rod that con-
nects it with the operating lever, as in-
dicated by the dotted lines. Wben the
operating lever is down, as shown, the
bolt shown at B, is also down. When
the lever is pulled up the bolt is pulled
back into the socket.
The top drawing of Fig. 7 shows a
single cutter and single twist auger bit,
which gives rather good results. These
bits usually bore a little faster than
other auger bits, due to the fact that the
screw point has the threads set a little
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il., covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
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CARPENTRY. — Has 302 p., 754 il.. covering general
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BUILDING TRADES DICTION ARY.— Has 385 p.,
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
QUICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
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(The above books support each other.)
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry. 64 pages, brown
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Fig. 8
wider apart. The bottom drawing show
the back and the face, respectively of
an expansive auger bit. The bit as
shown has the large adjustable cutter
in place. The figures shown on the
face view, indicate that a hole from two
to three inches in diameter can be bored
with this cutter. The smaller cutter
that comes with each bit is used for
smaller holes. The cutters of expansive
bits should be carefully sharpened, and
when the bit is put into the kit it
should be packed so as to protect the
cutting edges.
The Foerstner auger bit is shown by
Fig. 8. This bit is especially suitable
for boring short holes — also angling or
curved holes. It is a handy tool to
carry, and with a little experimentation
a great variety of uses can be discovered
for it.
IRREGULAR PLAN
(Copyright 1947)
In the scrap-iron drives of this war I
discarded many things that I thought I
would never have any more use for.
But I have already found a number of
them that I could have used, and some
of them I will have to replace with new
ones. That is the way it is with craft
problems. We are sure that we will
never have any use for some of them,
or even many of them, and then after a
while we are faced with the very prob-
lems that we knew would never come
up. The craft problem we are dealing
with here is one of them.
Fig. 1 shows two one-line drawings,
or diagrams of a double pitch roof that
has a wider span on one end than it
has on the other. At A we have a plan
of the roof with 11 pairs of rafters, and
at B we have a side view. The question
is how to obtain the different lengths of
the different rafters.
Fig. 2 shows a pair of rafters for the
wide end in place, and by dotted lines
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
j.
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THEY HAVE
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"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
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into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
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13 square feet of printed data showing squares full size.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
. : ■ '■:
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SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
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MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St., Div. 2, Kalamazoo 81, Mich.
the rafters for the narrow end are
shown. To the right, shaded, a rafter
:ut for the narrow end is placed
igainst the rafter of the wide end and
2
J
4
S
6
7?
7
9
s
Jo
rr
wmmmmM
B
Fig. 1
the difference in the lengths has been
iivided into 10 equal spaces, the num-
ber of spaces there are for the rafters
af the roof. The points that mark these
spaces are numbered from 1 to 11, one
itnore than the number of spaces. Now,
the longest two rafters are cut as long
is the distance between 1 and A, the
next two are cut as long as the dis-
Fig. 2
tance between 2 and A, the two follow-
ing that, as long as the distance be-
tween 3 and A, and so on, 4-A, 5-A, 6-A,
until you come to the end rafters,
which are cut as long as the distance
between 11 and A. When these rafters
are put in place in the order of their
different lengths, the comb of the roof
will be straight, but on an incline as
shown at B, Fig. 1.
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?Hi= toot -box Oi-rm wom*>
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important
NOTICE!
2.
At present We are unable to produce
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N
AUDELS Carpenters
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Inside Trade Information
lot Carpenters. Builders. Jo
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Inside Trade Information Qn
How to use the steel square — How to file and set
saws— How to build furniture — How to use a
rnitra box-7-How toius.e the chalk line— JJow to use
rules and scales— How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— ^Es-
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plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
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Bkylights: — How to .build stairs — How to put on
interior trim — -How to hang doors — How to lath-
lay floors — How to paint
and student,
practical d&'ily heLper and
Quick Reference for tho master
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CARPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
MARCH, 1947
WARNING! KEEP AWAY!
team*
N-i.'ional Labor Service
Labor knows the clanger of racial and religious discrimination!
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CELQ-5EDINC
One of the Famous
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
» of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXTII — No. 3
INDIANAPOLIS, MARCH, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents
Legislation Holds No Lasting Answer
General President William L. Hutcheson points our to the 80th Congress that in no
field of human endeavor has government control been more of a failure during the New
Deal years than it was in labor relations. At one time during the war there were as
many as twenty-five different agencies dealing with one phase or another of labor
relations, yet never in history were industrial relations in poorer shape. President
Hutcheson masterfully answers those who maintain that labor difficulties can be cured
by laws.
A Tribute to the Home
10
The daughters of Patrick Gilchrist, old time New York member who recently passed
away at the Home, pay a glowing tribute to the Home and the kind of treatment re-
tired members get there. One cannot read it without realizing what the Home means
to those who lay down their tools at the end of their active careers.
General Executive Board Minutes
12
At its recent meeting in Lakeland, Florida, the General Executive Board considered
many matters of a vital nature. Some of the decisions rendered are far-reaching and
important. Every member should read them carefully.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS:
In Memoriam
Correspondence -
Craft Problems -
25
26
or
• •
Index to Advertisers
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
of
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," Including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
P.*.
E. C. Atkins & Co., Indinapolis,
Ind. 4th Cover
Henry Disston & Sons, Inc.,
Philadelphia, Pa. 4
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
Frank's Mfg. Co., Los Angeles,
Calif. 31
T. C. Knife, St. Paul, Minn 32
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 3rd Cover
Millers Jails Co., Greenfield,
Mass. 31
Paine Co., Chicago, 111 32
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn. 3rd Cover
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 32
Carpentry Materials
Celotex Corp., Chicago, 111 1
Boyle-Midway, Inc., New York,
N. Y. 3
Technical Courses and Books
American School, Chicago, 111. 29
American Technical Society,
Chicago, 111. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, 111. 32
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans 28
Mason Engineering Service, Kala-
mazoo, Mich. 30
A. Reicher, Palo Alto, Cal 3
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 30
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo— 28
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y.__3rd Cover
"PULL LENGTH ROOF FRAMER"
A method of framing roofs that is
"FULLY PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHTS"
Price $2.00 or sent C. O. D. $2.15
A. RIECHERS
P. O. Box 405, Palo Alto, Calif.
THE CARPENTERS HANDY HELPER
public mm
has dozens of uses on every job !
For that "FINISHED TOUCH"
Plastic Wood can be used
for filling:
• Nail holes
• Cracks due to wood
shrinkage
• Countersunk screws
• Old screw holes
• Loose dowel pins
• Broken railings
• Split, cracked or splintered
wood in bowling alleys.
HANDLES LIKE PUTTY...
HARDENS INTO WOOD
Keep a supply of PLASTIC WOOD SOL-
VENT on hand to control the consistency
of PLASTIC WOOD. SOLVENT is also
used for cleaning hands and tools.
• On sale at all Builders' Supplies,
Hardware and Paint Stores
BUY THE 1 lb. CAN
When thousands of carpenters were asked
what makes of hand saws and how many of each
make they owned, it was learned that they
owned twice as many Disston hand saws as
all other makes combined ... a convincing
endorsement of Disston quality, for it comes
from men to whom extra sharp, true cutting,
long lasting saws are indispensable. Here is
what a few of them say:
"Disston saws are the best for any kind
of work"
"The Disston is of finer steel and well
balanced"
"Disston saws hold an edge longer"
There are Disston saws for every kind of work
. . . the fight saw for each job. An
outstanding favorite among carpen-
ters is the Disston D-8 shown below.
DISSTON D-8
The Original Skew-back Hand Saw
Medium weight. Made of the famous Disston
Steel, tempered and hardened for faster cutting
and to stay sharp longer. Cross-cut saws are
made in 20-inch, 10 points; 22-inch, 8 and 10
points; 24-inch, 8 and 10 points; 26-inch, 7, 8,
10 and 11 points. Rip saws, 26-inch, 5V2 points.
HENRY DISSTON & SONS, INC. 304 Tacony, Philadelphia 35, Pa., U. S. A.
Ask your Hardware Recailer
for a FREE copy of the
Disston Saw, Tool and File
Manual, or write to us direct.
p/ssroM
The saw most Carpenters use
LEGISLATION HOLDS I
NO LASTING ANSWER I
By
WM. L. HUTCHESON
General President
N JANUARY 6 when the 8oth Congress took over the helm of the
ship of state a great experiment came to an end. For fourteen
years the nation blundered along under a system of planned
economy. For fourteen years edicts and directives and bureaus and agen-
cies flourished and grew and spun an ever-tightening web of government
control around our industrial, economic, and even social life. By Novem-
ber 5 the American people were satisfied that a planned economy was not
the answer to our problems. They said so at the polls by the millions.
From border to border and coast to coast they voted out of office New
Dealers, economic theorists and advocates of a planned economy based on
government control.
tions and orders and edicts. Yet
never in history have industrial re-
lations been more ineffective; never
has there been so much unrest,
misunderstanding and downright
chaos ; never have work stoppages
been so frequent or so severe as they
have been during the last few years,
years in which labor peace has been
a crying need of the nation.
By now it should be clear even
to Senator Claghorn that industrial
peace cannot be built on a founda-
tion of government control. Yet
paradoxically enough, the 8oth Con-
gress seems bent on forging a legis-
lative straightjacket for labor. The
Congressional hopper is bulging
with bills placing restrictions and
controls of one kind or another on
industrial relations. For fourteen
years the Republicans have been
decrying government control, yet
right now a host of Republican Con-
gressmen are sponsoring bills to
place employer-employe relation-
ships under the strictest kinds of
government controls yet seen. This
If the new Congress received any
mandate from the people it was a
mandate to bring to an end the era
of government domination of human
relationships. Through a great de-
pression the people tolerated ever-
increasing direction from Washing-
ton in the interest of the common
welfare ; through a long and bitter
war they submitted to ever-growing
regimentation because national safe-
ty dictated it ; but now that the de-
pression has passed into history and
the war has been won, they want no
more of it.
It is an indisputable fact that in
no field of human endeavor has gov-
ernment control been more of a
failure than in industrial relations.
Ironically enough, in no field has
there been a greater degree of gov-
ernment control. At one time dur-
ing the war there were as many as
twenty-five agencies dealing with
one phase or another of labor mat-
ters. Every normal function of la-
bor has been hemmed in on all sides
by a welter of rules and regula-
THE CARPENTER
despite the fact that fourteen years
of New Dealism have conclusively
proved that labor relations, of all
phases of our economic life, are least
amenable to government control.
To those of us who lived through
the war years with their endless di-
rectives and directions from Wash-
ington, the thought of further gov-
ernment control of labor relations is
genuinely frightening. For fifty
years before the war labor and man-
agement inevitably sat down around
the conference table to thrash out
their difficulties and differences.
They talked and argued and debat-
ed. Mostly they settled their dif-
ferences without a test of economic
strength. If occasionally agreement
could not be reached without a
locking of horns, at least in the end
management and labor hammered
out some sort of an accord which
was agreeable to both and under-
stood by both. When the difficulty
was settled it was really settled.
During the war years this sort of
collective bargaining gave way to
direction from Washington. Col-
lege professors and attorneys and
self-appointed labor "experts" (who
neither toiled nor managed a day in
their lives), sitting in high places
along the banks of the Potomac,
made the rules and regulations.
They spoke with the infallibility of
the Delphian oracle and none could
say them nay. They issued direc-
tives and decisions which neither la-
bor nor management understood.
They issued clarifications and clari-
fications of clarifications. And the
end result of it all was delay, con-
fusion and chaos.
Labor wants no more government
controls. After the experience of
the war years, progressive employ-
ers should not want them either. If
the years since 1941 made anything
clear it is that the ivory towers of
Washington are no place to get
workable, feasible, understandable
solutions to any problems in general
and labor problems in specific. In
his speech before our 25th General
Convention, held in Lakeland, Flor-
ida, last April, Federation Secre-
tary-Treasurer George Meany epi-
tomized it better than anyone I have
yet heard when he said: "I submit
to you that our experiences during
the war told us better than anything
else that the one thing labor must
fight in the post-war period and
the one thing labor must eliminate
is control of labor relations by peo-
ple in the political field."
To these sentiments I subscribe
wholeheartedly. In the last 65 years
we in the' Brotherhood of Carpen-
ters have come to understand our
employers a little bit at least. And
conversely they have come to under-
stand us to some extent. We know
each other's problems and difficul-
ties and weaknesses and strong
points. We speak the same lan-
guage. And because we speak the
same language we can meet on com-
mon ground and work out under-
standable solutions to our differ-
ences.
On the other hand Washington is
and always has been full of brain
trusters. I remember during the war
a bureaucrat actually ordered a
sheep raiser to postpone the lamb-
ing season, and another brain trust-
er ordered a sawmill to discontinue
turning out mill ends while produc-
ing lumber. Certainly I do not want,
and I doubt if the employers Avant,
someone in Washington who does
not know a shoe mold from a sway
brace dictating to us what our poli-
cies and relationships shall be. And
let us not kid ourselves that new
labor legislation could bring us
something- different. Legislation
THE CARPENTER
means laws ; and laws mean admin-
istrators ; and administrators mean
politicians; and politicians mean
college professors and attorneys
and other dwellers in the ivory
towers.
The insiduous thing about gov-
ernment control is that it is always
sugar-coated. But the sugar coating
soon wears off and the medicine
underneath is invariably bitter. To
employers right now it might seem
that laws shackling labor would be
a desirable thing. Yet after the
horde of administrators any new
laws would create were through
handing down their rules and regu-
lations the sugar coating would
have been long since worn off with
the bitter medicine of hard reality
showing through.
In these days of many shortages,
there is one thing of which there is
no dearth; that is labor "experts."
Congress is full of them. So are
the newspapers and radio. Every
backwoods lawyer who gets a ticket
to Congress ; every newspaperman
who is handed an assignment to turn
out a column ; every commentator
who gets a pile "cure" manufacturer
for a sponsor automatically becomes
an "expert" on labor overnight.
They have all the answers we indi-
viduals in the labor movement for
40 or 50 years are still searching for.
They are never hesitant about tell-
ing us so.
To these "experts" everything is
simple as ABC. They have a law
to cure every difficulty. Glibly they
tell the people about it day after
day. Some of them are probably
sincere, but many of them are mere-
ly parroting phrases of those who
have an axe to grind and are willing
to pay for having it ground.
There are several misconceptions
these self-appointed "experts" are
all laboring under. Number one is
that they invariably visualize the
labor movement as a large group
of workers belonging to unions
only because closed shop agree-
ments compel them to. Unquestion-
ably there are a few individuals who
carry union cards because the agree-
ments under which they work make
it mandatory that they do so. How-
ever, the percentage is very small.
The vast bulk of the organized
workers belong to unions because
they found out through bitter ex-
perience that only through organi-
zation can they hope to achieve
something approximating economic
justice. During the war the War
Labor Board wrote escape clauses
into many agreements initiating
closed shop conditions. The num-
ber of workers who took advantage
of these escape clauses was so small
that it can truly be classed as insig-
nificant.
It was this misconception that led
Congress to pass the Smith-Con-
nally Bill. Congressmen who voted
for the bill labored under the delu-
sion that the rank-and-file of labor
carried union cards under some sort
of compulsion. They thought that
if the workers were afforded an
opportunity to express their senti-
ments by secret ballot the programs
of the various unions would be sty-
mied. Time has proved how wrong
they were. The Smith-Connally Bill
was passed. The number of strikes
increased substantially. By percen-
tages of anywhere from 85 to 95 per
cent the workers, the rank-and-file
workers, if you please, voted to
back up the programs initiated by
their unions. The Government soon
found itself in the position of run-
ning a sort of strike bureau. In in-
dustry after industry, the rank-and-
filers, by secret ballot, expressed
themselves as being solidly behind
their unions.
THE CARPEXTER
However, there are many Con-
gressmen and self-appointed '"ex-
perts" who still dream that the rank-
and-file of labor is wedded to the
labor movement via the shotgun
route. They have preached the the-
ory for so long that scorpion-like
thev have stung themselves with
their own poison. The world has
moved on but they failed to move
with it. It is about time that they
caught up with reality.
The second great misconception
these individuals labor under is that
legislation can correct difficulties
which stem from basic human rela-
tionships. Were this true, the world
might be a happier place. If by law
you could govern peoples' likes and
dislikes, their hopes and their fears,
their foibles and prejudices, the
world might well be free of discord
and strife. Eut fortunately or unfor-
tunately no law or laws can dictate
what people think and feel. Human
thinking cannot be subjected to ex-
act mathematical formulas. Since it
cannot, no lav/ or laws can be de-
vised to channel human relation-
ships into any preconceived pattern.
I have been part of the labor
movement for fully half a century.
During these years I have seen
ideas, patterns, and theories come
and go. But in all this time I have
never seen a sound concept of
labor relations incorporated into the
American way of life but what that
concept was based on the funda-
mental premise that men must be
free to work or not to work, to do
business or not to do business, to
accept or not to accept chances that
the vagaries of ever-changing con-
ditions present. These things must
still set the criterion. If America is
to meet its destiny, if government
of the people, by the people is to
endure, the element of self-deter-
mination, consistent with the will of
the majority, must be maintained
and preserved, not only in labor re-
lations but also in all other fields of
human endeavor where human be-
ings deal with human beings.
No one can deny that the strike
situation has been serious during
the past year and a half. Strikes
have crippled many of our basic !
industries and thrown obstacles in
the pathway to normalcy. Yet in
view of the aggravation.-, irrita-
tions, and injustices workers suf-
fered during the war years. I am
surprised the strike situation has
not been worse. Late in 1944 I wrote
in our official journal, "The Carpen-
ter," as follows :
"Buck-passing, boondoggling
and delay, coupled with the un-
fair, unworkable Little Steel
Formula, have created a morass
of chaos unparalleled in Amer-
ican labor history. And the sit-
uation shows no promise of im-
proving. Disputes are piling
up faster than the War Labor
Board can handle them. Cases
are being kicked around from
pillar to post for months and
even years before decisions are
handed down ; and when they
are finally handed down they
are more often than not so
confusing and inconsistent that
no one can understand them.
Workers are becoming fed up
and resentful. . . . While the
situation is bad enough while
the war is going on, it prom-
ises to become much worse
after the last shot is fired
. . . Then there will be not stim-
ulus of patriotism to keep men
plugging away at their jobs in
the face of mounting and end-
less injustices. Then there will
be no driving urge compelling
THE CARPENTER
employers to keep production
lines going full speed regard-
less of any other considera-
tions. The real breakdown will
come then unless a consistent
and realistic labor policy is de-
veloped in the meantime."
Well, the breakdown came. When
the stimulus of patriotism passed
out of the picture, the dam of gov-
ernment control which had been
holding back a mounting sea of
grievances and injustices broke, and
the nation was flooded with a wave
of strikes. That situation is now
past. The grievances and inequities
which developed under government
control of labor relations are now
largely remedied. The pathway
ahead should be smoother.
How smooth it will be depends
on the employers, not on labor legis-
lation. Department of Labor statis-
tics show that during the last few
months prices have advanced nearly
17 per cent. During the same time
the purchasing power of weekly
earnings receded by better than 16
per cent, despite 2\ per cent in-
crease in take home pay. The real
way to stop strikes is simple. Let
the employers raise wages enough
to wipe out the decrease in purchas-
ing power of weekly earnings ; at
the same time let them lower prices
to bring them down to a par with
what they were on V-J Day, and the
strike situation will be automatic-
ally settled. Workers like strikes
less than any other one class. They
strike only when necessity compels
them to. Remove the necessity for
strikes and you automatically re-
duce the strike situation to an irre-
ducible minimum.
The duty of industrial statesman-
ship today is to direct the vast so-
cial energy of organized labor —
once dissipated in the struggle for
union survival — into collaborative
productive functions. Labor is
ready and eager for such a creative
future. Obviously, the rich contri-
bution which organized labor can
bring to our economy will not be
achieved in an atmosphere of dis-
trust or government hostility. —
The Federationist.
One Redwood Firm Signs Up
The first break in the thirteen-month old fight of the Redwood lumber
workers for equality with the rest of the Pacific Coast lumber industry
came late last month when the Hammond Lumber Company signed an
agreement with the Redwood District Council. The new agreement pro-
vides for union shop conditions, a minimum wage of $1.20 per hour, and
a straight-across-the-board increase of thirty-five cents per hour in all
classifications above the minimum. Hammond Lumber Company is one
of the largest operations in the industry. Henceforth all products turned
out by the company will bear the "AFL-8" label, the label which identifies
all Redwood lumber made under union conditions.
As this issue went to press, however, the eight other Redwood com-
panies were resisting as stubbornly as ever the demands of the union
for decent wages and decent working conditions. But the Redwood work-
ers were holding out as determinedly as ever, too. With the capitulation
of the Hammond Company, one of the major Redwood producers, the
ranks of the defiant firms have been broken, but complete victory will not
be won until the entire Redwood industry is put on a par with other lum-
ber producing sections of the Coast.
.T_TJljnjT-aJXa.TJXnJTJlJTJTJTJrLT-"LrLrLnjX
A TRIBUTE TO THE HOME
At a meeting of the General Executive Board held at Carpenters'
Home, Lakeland, Fla., on January 6, 1947, the General President
read the following letters to that Body. The Board ordered them
published in "The Carpenter."
LOCAL UNION No. 366
OFFICE: 1891 WASHINGTON AVENUE
Telephone TRemont 8-0446
New York 57, N. Y '., December 5, ig46.
William L. Hutcheson, General President,
222 East Michigan Street,
Indianapolis, Ind.
Dear Sir and Brother:
We are sending you a copy of a letter we have received from the
daughters of our late Brother, Patrick Gilchrist, who passed away in
the Home last month.
We are aware of the great interest you take in the Home and
we feel sure that you will welcome this magnificent tribute to that
splendid institution you have done so much to create.
We think that this testimonial to the Home and its staff might
be brought to the attention of the Brotherhood and leave it to your
good judgment as to the method and advisability of doing so. We
also sent a copy to Mr. C. M. Goddard, believing he was entitled to
know how much his efforts and the work of the staff are appreciated.
Fraternally yours,
JOHN HART, Financial Secretary.
* * *
330 E. 43 St., N. Y. C, Nov. 27, 1946.
Mr. John Hart, Financial Secretary
Carpenters Local 366
1891 Washington Ave., N. Y. 57, N. Y.
Dear Mr. Hart:
This is to thank you for your very kind letter of November 19,
telling us of the lovely tribute paid to our Dad, Patrick Gilchrist, at
the meeting on November 18. We particularly appreciated it because
he was such a fine gentleman, and always had a high esteem for the
Union and its officials, as well as an affectionate regard for his
brother members.
Losing Dad was really a shock, as he had not been ill, and it
was indeed very difficult to take, but we feel we must tell you and
rrriJiJiTLruijiJiTLru
iTjanjL^TJl_TLT^arLrlJlTlJT^TjTj'TJ-
n
the other members of the Local that we fully believe we would not
have had him as long as we did if he had not been in the Carpenters'
Home. We have made many trips to Lakeland to see him; in fact
prior to the war we went down every year and spent about a week
in Lakeland so we could be with him. This gave us ample oppor-
tunity to observe first-hand the wonderful job that the staff in the
Home were doing for all these men. Again in August of this year
we were down and spent about a week with Dad. At that time he
was in the hospital section and we realized more than ever the
care and attention he was receiving. Our feeling then was that
even if we had been very wealthy we could not have secured for him
the service and attention he was receiving.
Mr. Goddard, the Manager, has certainly done a magnificent job
in running the Home, and I think you will be interested to know
that on the street in Lakeland you can identify the members of the
Carpenters' Home by their good-looking clothes and well-fed appear-
ance. Not only is Mr. Goddard capable and an exceptionally fine
gentleman, but he has a sympathetic understanding of these men
and a sincere desire to make them comfortable and happy.
The first time we visited Dad at the Home, which was I believe
in 1936, we met Mrs. Wilson, the supervising or head nurse. Dad's
friends down there all referred to her as "The Angel of the Home."
As through the years we learned to know Mrs. Wilson, we came to
understand how well-earned this title was. She has a personal and
affectionate interest in every one of "her boys," as she calls them,
and it has been a great consolation to know that although, due to
the suddeness of his passing we could not be with Dad, Mrs. Wilson
was there doing everything that could have been done, and from a
professional standpoint, so much more than we could have done.
Incidentally, we thought you might like to know that this sum-
mer when we were at the Home the New York members were still
happily reminiscing over the wonderful time the New York delega-
tion to the Convention gave them when they were in Lakeland last
April. While the visit of these men may have been of short dura-
tion, the memory of the most enjoyable time they gave the mem-
bers of the Home remained for many months after these men re-
turned to New York.
We are deeply sad in the loss of our Dad, but we do want the
members of the Local to know that we are truly grateful that the
sunset years of his life could be spent in a spot so beautiful and in
a. place that he really appreciated and enjoyed. Our natural desire
is to do something personally for each and every one of those on the
staff who have been doing things for Dad over the years, but there
is the realization we could not begin to cover them all individually,
even among those we know, the doctor, the barber, the various
nurses, the boys who took care of his tray and his room, the gentle
and cheerful little colored girls, to say nothing of the many others
of whom we are unaware; but we do want you to know that every
last person down there is doing a wonderful job, and we are deeply
grateful to them all. The Home is a credit to every member of the
Union and an achievement of which they can all be justly proud.
With grateful appreciation,
Sincerely yours,
Claudia and Mariette Gilchrist.
[rirmjTJTTLnjTJTrLr^
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
GijfERAL Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis. Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Fibbt General Vice-Presidext
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretary
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Exbcutive Board
First District, CHARLES JOHNSON. Jr.
Ill E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Second District, WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bid.. 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Fifth District. R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page. Dallas. Texas
Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District. HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland, O.
Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District. ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St., Florence. S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary.
REGULAR MEETING OF THE GENERAL EXECUTIVE
BOARD
Lakeland, Florida,
January 6, 1947.
Since the issuance of Executive Order No. 9801 by the President of the United
States, which terminated all wage and salary controls adopted under the Sta-
bilization Act of 1942 and in accordance with circular letter of November 22,
19 46, issued by the General President, the following trade movements were acted
upon:
December 2. 19 46.
Plattsburg. X. Y. L. U. 1042. — Movement for an increase in wages from
?1.37y2 to $1.65 per hour, effective December 9, 1946. Official sanction granted.
Gainesville. Ga. L. U. 1318. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.40 per hour, effective December 9, 1946. Official sanction granted.
Crowley, La. L. U. 16 04. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12%
to $1.37i/2 per hour, effective December 15, 1946. Official sanction granted.
December 9. 19 46.
Newport. R. I. L. U. 176. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.65 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Sreator, 111. L. U. 495. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62 %
to $1.75 per hour, effective December 1, 1946. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPENTER 13
Wilmington, Del. L. U. 626. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $2.00 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Carbondale, 111. L. U. 841. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.62% per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Marion, Ohio. L. U. 976. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective January 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
High Point, N. C. L. U. 1315. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.12% to $1.50 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Lafayette, La. L. U. 189 7. Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12%
to $1.37% per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Odessa, Texas. L. U. 2206. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.75 per hour, and the 40-hour week, effective February 1, 1947. Official
sanction granted.
Winfield, Kans. L. U. 23 83. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
December 16, 1946.
Springfield, 111. L. U. 16. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $1.87% per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Springfield, 111. L. U. 16. — (Millmen) — Movement for an increase in wages
from $1.10 to $1.35 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Rome, N. Y. L. U. 1016. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.75 per hour, effective January 28, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Corpus Christi, Texas. L. U. 1423. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.75 (Journeymen) and $1.75 to $2.12% (Foremen) per hour, ef-
fective January 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Elyria, Ohio. L. U. 1426. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.65 to
$1.87% per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Henryetta, Okla. L. U. 1943. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Front Royal, Va. L. U. 2033. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.62% (Carpenters) and $1.62% to $2.00 (Millwrights) per hour,
effective January 16, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Norwalk, Ohio. L. U. 227 3. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.75 per hour, effective January 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Lower Anthracite Region D. C. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.65 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
December 19, 1946.
Terre Haute, Ind., L. U. 133. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.75 (Carpenters) and $1.75 to $2.00 (Millwrights) per hour, effective De-
cember 9, 1946. Official sanction granted.
Knoxville, Tenn. L. U. 1002. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.45
to $1.75 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Kilgore, Texas. L. U. 1671. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective January 27, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Oberlin, Ohio. L. U. 1968. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.65
to $1.87% per hour, effective February 4, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Eastland, Texas. L. U. 2016. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 16, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Kirksville, Mo. L. U. 2057. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
December 20, 19 46.
San Francisco, Calif.- — L. U. 3141. — Movement for an increase in wages from
,$1.10 to $1.25 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted with-
out financial aid.
December 27, 1946.
Grand Rapids, Mich. Kent, Ottawa and Muskegon D. C. — Movement for an
increase in wages from 92c to $1.08% per hour (Millmen) effective December
15, 1946. Official sanction granted without financial aid.
14 THE CARPEXTER
December 30, 1946.
Stamford, Conn. L. U. 210. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.65
to $1,871,2 per hour, effective January 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Grand Junction, Colo. L. U. 244. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37i£ to $1.50 per hour, effective February 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Brazil. Ind. L. U. 431. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 %
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pittsburgh. Kans. L. TJ. 561. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37i/3
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 20, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Herrin, 111. L. U. 581. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 %
to $1.50 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Fort Scott, Kans. L. TJ. 942. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to SI. 50 (Carpenters) and $1.00 to $1.22 (Millmen), effective January 1, 1947.
Official sanction granted.
Lake Charles, La. L. TJ. 953.— Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.87i/2 per hour, effective January 25, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Louisiana, Mo. L. TJ. 1008. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.90 (Carpenters) and $1.50 to $2.00 (Millwrights) per hour, effective Febru-
ary 1. 19 4 7. Official sanction granted.
Glasgow. Mont. L. U. 1211. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.20
to $1.50 per hour, effective January 5, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Fort Lauderdale, Fla. L. TJ. 1394. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.87 12 per hour, effective February 23, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Salisbury, X. C. L. TJ. 150 5. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 15, 1947. Official sanction granted with-
out financial aid.
Casper, Wyo. L. TJ. 156 4. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.82% per hour, effective February 2, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Abilene, Texas. L. TJ. 1565. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.30
to $1.75 (carpenter foreman) $1.50 (journeymen) and $1.62 % (power machine
operators) per hour, effective February 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Verona, Mo. L. U. 158 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from 75c to
51.00 (Millmen) per hour, effective November 1, 1946. Official sanction granted.
McLeansboro, 111. L. TJ. 1S95. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.12i4 per hour to $1.37%, effective February 6, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Columbia, Mo. L. U. 1925. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7%
to $1.62% per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Natchez, Miss. L. TJ. 199 4. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
$1.62% per hour, effective February 12, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Bastrop, La. L. TJ. 2032. Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Centralia, Mo. L. TJ. 2099. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.62% per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted without
financial aid.
Glendive. Mont. L. TJ. 2425. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
January 2, 19 47.
Durham, N. C. L. TJ. 522. Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.62 y2 per hour, effective February 12, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Ithaca, N. Y. L. TJ. 603. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Freeport, 111. L. TJ. 719. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.62% per hour, effective January 6, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Clarksville, Tenn. L. TJ. 1818. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.25 to $1.40 per hour, effective January 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPENTER 15
Carpenters' Home, Lakeland, Florida.
January 6, 1947.
The General Executive Board met in regular session at Carpenters' Home,
Lakeland, Florida, on above date.
Report of the delegate to the Sixty-first Annual Convention of the Trades and
Labor Congress of Canada, held in Windsor, Ontario, Canada, in September, 1946,
was filed for future reference as it has been published in the December, 1946,
issue of our official monthly journal, "The Carpenter" for the information of
our members.
Report of the delegates to the Thirty-ninth Annual Convention of the Building
and Construction Trades Department of the American Federation of Labor held
in Chicago, Illinois, in October, 19 46, was filed for future reference as it has
already been published in the December, 1946, issue of our official journal,
"The Carpenter" for the information of our members.
Report of the Delegates to the Sixty-fifth Annual Convention of the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor held in Chicago, Illinois, in October, 19 46, was filed
for future reference as it has been published in the January, 1947, issue of our
official monthly journal, "The Carpenter" for the information of our members.
Local Union 48 8, New York City, N. Y., requests the General Executive Board
to take under consideration the advisability of levying an assessment when that
becomes necessary in order to continue paying fifteen dollars per member per
month pension.
This request is endorsed by Local Unions 366 and 2305, New York City.
After careful consideration of this matter the Board finds that in accordance
with our laws it has the right to levy an assessment when the General Fund is
endangered, or when combinations of any kind try or attempt to disrupt or destroy
the organization, but in no case is the Board authorized to levy an assessment
for Home and Pension purposes.
Owing to the growth of the organization involving increased duties on the
General Secretary, the Board authorized the General President to appoint Albert
E. Fischer of Cincinnati, as Assistant to the General Secretary.
The following new policy was issued September 12, 1946, covering General
Burglary Insurance:
$ 5,000.00 Interior hold-up;
$ 5,000.00 Messenger hold-up;
$15,000.00 Safe burglary on three safes in the Headquarters Building, 222
East Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana,
through the United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore, Mary-
land— expiring September 12, 1949, was referred to our Legal Department.
Renewal of Public Liability Insurance on Passenger and Freight Elevator, 222
East Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, and Freight Elevator, 516 Hudson
Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the amount of $10/20,000.00 through the United
States Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore, Maryland, expiring Septem-
ber 24, 1949, was referred to our Legal Department.
New burglary insurance policy on office furniture, fixtures and equipment
at Headquarters, 222 East Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the amount
of $10,000.00 through the United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company of
Baltimore, Maryland, expiring October 1, 1949, was referred to our Legal De-
partment.
Renewal of fire and extended coverage policy on Headquarters Building, 222
East Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the amount of $54,000.00 through
the General Insurance Company of America of Seattle, Washington, expiring
October 12, 1951, was referred to our Legal Department.
Renewal of fire and extended coverage policy on Headquarters Building, 2 22
East Michigan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the amount of $46,000.00 through
the Merchants Fire Insurance Company of Denver, Colorado, expiring December
23, 1951, was referred to our Legal Department.
16 THE CARPENTER
Renewal of Public Liability insurance on Printing Plant, 516 Hudson Street,
Indianapolis, Indiana, in the amount of ?5 1O,<MH>.0O through the United- States
Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore. Maryland, expiring October 12.
1947, was referred to our Legal Department.
Renewal of Employers Liability Insurance ("Workmen's Compensation > re-
states of Oregon and Washington amount statutory through the United States
Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore, Maryland, expiring October 12.
1947, was referred to our Legal Department.
Renewal of Workmen's Compensation Insurance for States of Indiana, Illi-
nois. Pennsylvania. Minnesota. California. Wisconsin, Tennessee, Oklahoma. New
York. Missouri. Michigan. Maryland. Louisiana. Kentucky. Iowa, Florida, and Con-
necticut amount statutory through the United States Fidelity and Guaranty Com-
pany of Baltimore. Maryland, expiring October 12, 1947, was referred to our
Legal Department.
Renewal of Public Liability insurance on 5 2 3-525 North Delaware Street.
Indianapolis, Indiana, in the amount of 5 5 '10.000.00 through the United .States
Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore, Maryland, expiring October 12.
1947, was referred to our Legal Department.
The General President reported that a satisfactory understanding was reached
with Local Union 101. Baltimore, Md., in the controversy of that Local Union
with the International Organization. New officers were officially elected and
installed and Local Union 101 is now functioning as a Local of the Brotherhood
in accordance with our laws.
Local L'nion 101, Baltimore. Md.. invites the General Executive Board to their
Sixth Annual Oyster R.oast. to be held at the Fifth Regiment Armory on Sunday.
January 12, 19 47. The members of the Board appreciate this action of Local
Union 101, but as the Board is in session at Lakeland, Florida, it will be im-
possible for them to attend.
It has been brought to the attention of the General Executive Board several
times that some State Councils exceed the authority given them by our Laws and
as this has reached a serious stage the Board authorized the General President
to appoint a Committee of the Board to make a thorough investigation of this
matter and report their findings to the next meeting of the Board.
The General President appointed:
First General Vice-President
Board Member District No. 1
Board Member District No. 2
Assistant to the General Secretary.
*****
January 7, 1947.
Brothers George Coughlin and Raleigh Rajoppi from the State of New Jersey
appeared before the Board relative to the action of the Laborers in doing work
which has always been done in the past by the Carpenters, after which the Board
decided to send a Committee to appear before the next meeting of the Executive
Council of the Building and Construction Trades Department of the American
Federation of Labor to have this matter stopped. The General President ap-
pointed the following committee: M. A. Hutcheson, Harry Schwarzer, Wm. J.
Kelley and Chas. Johnson Jr.. to appear before the Executive Council of the
Building and Construction Trades Department of the American Federation of
Labor and present to them a copy of an action taken by the General Executive
Board, which reads as follows:
To the Executive Council of the Building and Construction Trades
Department of the American Federation of Labor.
Greetings:
This communication is submitted for the purpose of informing your Council of
the action taken by our General Executive Board at their recent meeting.
THE CARPENTER 17
All Local Unions and District Councils of the United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners of America be notified that the members of
our Brotherhood will not use, erect or install any materials that are not
handled by members of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters or under
the supervision of a member of our Brotherhood after it is delivered to
the job site.
Fraternally yours,
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman;
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary.
The General Executive Board ordered the above communication be sent to all
Local Unions and District Councils of the United Brotherhood.
Phoenix, Arizona. — Request of the Carpenters District Council for Financial
aid to test the constitutionality of "Right to Work Amendment" was carefuly
considered, after which the Board appropriated the sum of $5,000.00 for that
purpose.
Brother C. M. Griffin, Local Union No. 19 8, Dallas, Texas, appeared before the
Board favoring the granting of a State Charter to the Carpenters of the State
of Texas.
The matter was referred to the General President in accordance with the
provisions of Paragraph A, Section 10, of our General Constitution.
The General President appointed the following committees:
Inspection of Rooms
Frank Duffy
Arthur Martel
S. P. Meadows
Inspection of Stock and Supplies
M. A. Hutcheson
Harry Schwarzer
R. E. Roberts
■ Balance of the members of the Board to audit the books and accounts of the
Home.
The Board authorized a circular letter be sent to all Locals in reference to
typographical error in Paragraph D, Section 31 of our General Laws, relative to
Honorary Members.
The General President reported to the Board that A. J. Porth, a member of
Local Union 201, Wichita, Kansas, was a delegate from that Local Union to the
Central Trades and Labor Assembly of Wichita, that he was a delegate from the
Central Trades and Labor Assembly of Wichita, Kansas, to the Sixty-Fifth Annual
Convention of the American Federation of Labor held in Chicago, Illinois, in
October, 1946, that on behalf of the Central Trades and Labor Assembly of
Wichita, Kansas, he introduced a Resolution known as No. 13 to that Convention,
the sum and substance of which deals with the years of controversy between
the International Association of Machinists and the United Brotherhood of Car-
penters and Joiners of America over millwright work which was part of the
jurisdiction of the Brotherhood when the Brotherhood helped bring into ex-
istence the American Federation of Labor in 1881.
As this resolution is an infringement on the jurisdictional rights of the United
Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Brother Porth should have
refused to introduce it. If he had in mind his obligation he would have at least
consulted the General Officers on this matter, as to whether or not it conformed
to the general policy of the Brotherhood.
Not having done so, the General President ruled that A. J. Porth is not quali-
fied to continue as a delegate from Local Union 201 to the Central Trades and
Labor Assembly of Wichita, Kansas.
18 THE CARPENTER
The General President further directed Local Union 2 01 to request the Central
Trades and Labor Assembly of Wichita, Kansas to repudiate resolution No. 13,
failure to do so Local Union 201 to sever affiliation with the Central Body of
Wichita, Kansas. -
The General Executive Board approved the action of the General President
on this matter.
A. J. Porth is not eligible to represent Local Union 201 at any time, nor can
he hold office of any kind in Local Union 201.
The General President was directed to notify Local Union 201 to forthwith
withdraw from the Central Trades and Labor Assembly of Wichita, Kansas.
* * * * *
Appeal of Local Union 74, Chattanooga, Tennessee, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the claim for funeral donation of the late
James McKeehan.
The claim was referred back to the General Treasurer for further consideration.
*****
Appeal of Local Union 27, Toronto, Canada, from the decision of the General
Treasurer in disapproving the death claim of Mrs. Edith R. Anderson, wife of
Hillard Anderson, a member of said Local, for the reason that the claim was
not filed with the General Office within six months from date of death as the
law provides in paragraph B, Section 5 3 of our General Laws. The decision of
the General Treasurer was sustained and the appeal dismissed.
*****
Appeal of Local Union 541, Washington. Pa., from the decision of the Gen-
eral Treasurer in disapproving the claim for funeral donation of the late T. I.
Piatt.
The claim was referred back to the General Treasurer for further considera-
tion. *****
Appeal of Local Union 2 81, Binghamton, New York, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the death claim of Abram C. D. Stone, a former
member of said Local Union, for the reason that the claim was not filed with the
General Office within six months from the date of death as the law provides in
Paragraph B, Section 5 3 of our General Laws. The decision of the General Treas-
urer was sustained and the appeal dismissed.
January 8, 1947.
The application for pension of William Solomon, a former member of Local
Union 1572, McGill, Nevada, was disapproved for the reason that on August 31,
19 44, he owed six months dues and was suspended. The Board approved the
action of the General President in disapproving this application for pension.
Request of the Bricklayers, Masons and Plasterers International Union of
America to enter into an agreement with the United Brotherhood of Carpenters
and Joiners of America same as was entered into with the Operative Plasterers and
Cement Finishers International Association of the United States and Canada on
June 13, 1944, governing the fabrication and setting of screeds and forms used
in connection with the placing and finishing of cement or concrete.
The request was referred to the General President to comply with.
*****
Having under consideration the action of our last General Convention held
in April. 19 46, on the recommendation of the General President that:
Each and every Local Union and District Council of the Brotherhood
adopt a By-Law and Working Rule, wherein they set forth that no
member of the Brotherhood will use, handle or erect any material that
is not made by members of our organization
the Board directed that a Special Circular Letter be issued to all Local Unions
and District Councils on this matter for compliance forthwith.
The General Executive Board gave consideration to the filming of the various
departments at the General Office, Indianapolis, Indiana, as well as the Home,
THE CARPENTER 19
Lakeland, Florida — also various branches of our trade. The First General Vice-
President was authorized to proceed with this work.
The dispute now of long standing between the Essex County District Council,
New Jersey, and Local Union 1456, Dock Builders of New York City, was again
brought to the attention of the General Executive Board and was carefully con-
sidered, after which the Board reaffirmed its former action, taken in 19 3 S and
again in 19 45. Inasmuch as no recent evidence has been brought forth or new
issues presented the Board reaffirmed its action of 19 38 — which was unanimously
approved by the 19 40 Convention, and reads as follows:
In order to eliminate any further controversy the Board decided that
" when any question arises as to the interpretation of the meaning of the
agreement as to jurisdiction of work, the General President shall be im-
mediately notified and he, either in person or by representative, shall
make an investigation and render a decision which is to be accepted
and binding on all parties.
Request of the Cugahoga, Lake and Geauge County Carpenters District Coun-
cil (Cleveland, Ohio) for reimbursement of the money said Council recently spent
in raising the wages of its members from $1.65 per hour to $2.00 per hour was
carefully considered, after which the request was denied.
January 9, 19 47.
Mt. Vernon, 111. L. U. 99 9. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 i^
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Steubenville, Ohio L. U. 18 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.87 ^
to $2,121/, per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Attleboro, Mass. L. U. 327. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35
to $1.50 per hour, effective January 8, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Harlingen, Texas L. U. 2190. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 ^
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 17, 1947. Official sanction granted.
St. Genevieve, Mo. L. U. 2030. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.00 to $1.25 per hour for residential work and $1.25 to $1.50 for commercial
work, effective January 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
• Breese, 111. L. U. 1675. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.30 to
$1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Chickasha, Okla. L. U. 653. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 Va
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Portsmouth, Ohio L. U. 43 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted without
financial aid.
Golconda, 111. L. U. 605. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 7, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Payette, Idaho L. U. 426. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37^4
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
DeKalb, 111. L. U. 9 6 5. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Audit of books and accounts of the Home commenced.
January 13, 1947.
Spring Valley, 111. L. U. 631. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 ^
to $1.75 per hour, effective January 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Prestonburg, Ky. L. U. 7 23. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Carlinville, 111. L. U. 737. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12 14
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Sterling, 111. — L. U. 69 5. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 ^
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
20 THE CARPENTER
Burlington, Vt. L. U. 683. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted without
financial aid.
Audit of Books and Accounts continued.
January 14, 1947.
Audit of Books and Accounts continued.
January 15, 1947.
Audit of books and accounts completed and found correct.
After very careful consideration on the question of Portal to Portal pay, the
General Executive Board decided that all written or verbal agreements should
be observed and if there are alleged violations of agreements, rectification should
be made at that time, as is the policy of the Brotherhood and for members of
the United Brotherhood not to enter any suit under the guise of Portal to Portal
pay.
Appeal of Ralph R. Reichman, a member of Local Union 5 6 3, Glendale, Cali-
fornia, from the orders of the General President in removing him from the posi-
tion as Business Agent of that Local Union was carefully considered.
In referring to the proceedings of the Twenty-fifth General Convention, held
in April, 1946, the Board finds that the records show that Resolution 59, which
reads as follows, was adopted by the Convention:
Be it resolved that the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America in the 25th General Convention at Lakeland, Florida, reaffirm
that part ot the preamble to the oath taken at the time of admittance to
the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, that we
do not recognize the Communist Party as a political organization, or
party — go further in that we:
Do not recognize the Communist Party.
And that this convention direct the General President to order any
District Council, Provincial Council, Local Union or any other group
functioning under the U. B. of C. and J. of A. to immediately discharge
any business representative, officer, or employee of the United Brother-
hood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, either elected or appointed,
who is known, or recognized as a Communist or who has ever been
registered as such on a political register.
As Ralph Reichman was a registered Communist the General President, in
accordance with the provisions of the above resolution, ordered him discontinued
as Business Agent. The General Executive Board sustained the action of the
General President and dismissed the appeal.
January 16, 1947.
SPECIAL CIRCULAR FROM THE GENERAL EXECUTIVE BOARD
To All Local Unions and District Councils of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
Greeting:
At the Twenty-fifth General Convention of the Brotherhood held in Lakeland,
Florida, in April, 19 46, the General President in his report to that Convention
recommended that:
"Each and every Local Union and District Council of our Brother-
hood adopt a By-Law and Working Rule wherein they set forth that
no member of the Brotherhood will use, handle, or' erect any wood
material that is not made by members of our organization. It would then
become incumbent upon each and every member to observe that By-Law
or Trade Rule the same as they would a Trade Rule setting forth that
eight hours shall constitute a day's work, and we would be rendering
assistance and help to one another that would be invaluable."
THE CARPENTER 21
This recommendation was unanimously adopted by the Convention and it
now becomes the duty of the General Executive Board to see that it is put into
force and effect immediately.
Therefore, the Board directs that the following law be inserted in your
By-Laws :
"No member will use, handle, install or erect any material produced
or manufactured from wood not made by members of the United
Brotherhood."
Fraternally yours,
GENERAL EXECUTIVE BOARD
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary.
*****
Local Union 472, Ashland, Ky., submitted the following Resolution:
"Realizing that unless some drastic action is taken to offset the ever-increasing
anti-labor propaganda now being released by the forces opposing labor, we will lose
all that has been gained by the years of united efforts. Now, therefore, this sixth
day of January, we do unanimously adopt the following resolution:
"Whereas: Due to much anti-labor propaganda now being put out by
certain forces opposed to any form of liberty for the laboring men of
this country, and particularly to our rights to collective bargaining, and
"Whereas: Many of our present electors to this Eightieth Assembly
of the Congress of United States have already expressed certain views
, opposed to many of the rights and privileges of labor gained over a long
period of struggling, and
"Whereas: Labor as an organization as well as individually, now
seems to be in a much better condition numerically and financially than
at any time during its existence, and
"Whereas: Due to war waste, and the extravagance of some of the
boards of control, and the refusal of some manufacturers to produce cer-
tain items for the market under controlled prices, the economic condition
of the nation generally is in a very poor condition to put up any kind of
a prolonged, concentrated effort, to oppose a solid front on the part of
' Labor opposition to the enactment of any Anti-Labor legislation; now,
therefore, be it hereby
"Resolved: That we go on record as opposing any attempt at anti-
labor legislation and so notify our International Officers, the Kentucky
State Federation of Labor, the American Federation of Labor, and such
other bodies as we think may be of assistance to us, urging them to
call upon all affiliated bodies to pledge a wholly United Front to sup-
port such a resolution."
The General Executive Board endorsed this resolution and directed the Gen-
eral Secretary to notify Local Union 472 that the Board will do evei*y thing pos-
sible to protect the liberties and the rights of our members.
*****
Clinton, Iowa L. U. 772. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective February 18, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Portsmouth, N. H. L. U. 165 2. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.18 to $1.37% per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted
without financial aid.
Watertown, S. D. L. U. 1690. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.40 per hour, effective February 10, 1947. Official sanction granted with-
out financial aid.
There being no further business to be considered the minutes were read and
and approved and the Board adjourned to meet at the call of the Chair.
Respectfully submitted.
FRANK DUFFY, General Secretary.
22 THE CARPENTER
REPORT OF THE DELEGATES TO THE THIRTY-
EIGHTH ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE UNION
LABEL TRADES DEPARTMENT OF THE
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR
To the General Executive Board:
Greetings.
The Thirty-eighth Annual Convention of the Union Label Trades Department
of the American Federation of Labor vras held in the Morrison Hotel, Chicago,
111., on October 4. 1946. One hundred and three delegates were in attendance,
representing thirty-nine national and international unions.
The report of the Executive Board of the Department dealt with many sub-
jects, among which vrere the following:
During the past year, the Union Label Trades Department of the American
Federation of Labor has been more active than it has been during any period
of the last decade.
The principal function of the Union Label Trades Department is to publicize
the seventy Union Labels, Shop Cards, and Service Buttons of the fifty-two affili-
ated national and international labor unions that have adopted these official
emblems to designate their goods and services. With this objective constantly
in mind, officials of our Department utilize every channel of advertising — such as
news releases, editorials, cartoons and pictorial features for the labor press and
friendly newspapers. Exhibits. Union Label weeks, electrical transcriptions, motion
pictures, movie slides and all other sources of publicity are used when available.
UNION LABEL FEATURE SERVICE
The Union Label Trades Department issues news releases, editorials, and
cartoons regularly to all the labor press. These features have proven to be very
popular with the editors of official monthly labor journals, weekly labor news-
papers, and other publications.
Special articles are prepared for annuals and other labor publications.
The Department issues Union Label literature, posters, and mats of all Union
Labels, Shop Cards, and Service Buttons which, with the names of unions and
their officials, make an attractive weekly one-column feature throughout the year.
The Union Label Trades Department desires to acknowledge the deep indebted-
ness it owes to the editors of the official monthly labor journals, weekly labor
newspapers and all other publications for the liberal display they have given to
all of these Union Label features.
Several national and international unions reserve space each month in their
publications for special articles, cartoons and other features. A number of editors
of labor publications of unions not affiliated with the Union Label Trades Depart-
ment give liberally to the Union Label cause by setting aside space in each issue
of their publications. Many organizations have reserved the back cover of their
official organ for the Union Label Trades Department which is the best space
available in any publication.
THE UNION LABEL CATALOGUE-DrRECTORY
Each year the Union Label Trades Department issues an official Union Label
Catalogue-Directory which contains listings of union manufacturers, union mer-
chandisers and other A. F. of L. unionized industries. It also contains facsimiles
of all Union Labels, Shop Cards, and Service Buttons with the names of officials
of our respective affiliated national and international unions that have adopted
those union emblems.
THE CARPENTER 23
The Union Label Catalogue-Directory forms an official guide book for Union
Label-conscious buyers and also a convenient and ready reference book for offi-
cials of all branches of the American Federation of Labor. It is indispensable
to the officers of various unions and auxiliaries who are desirous of keeping the
members informed about all the Union Labels, Shop Cards, and Service Buttons;
how they are displayed, and where merchants can obtain Union Label goods from
manufacturers throughout America.
Copies of the Catalogue-Directory are furnished without charge to national
and international labor unions, state federations of labor, central labor unions,
union label leagues, women's auxiliaries, editors of the labor press, full-time
representatives and other authorized agents of the A. F. of L.
RADIO BROADCASTS
Since the last convention the Union Label Trades Department has broadcast
as follows: March 29, 1945, Mutual Broadcasting System, a dramatization en-
titled "Together We Fight"; June 30, 1945, Columbia Broadcasting System, an
address entitled "Union Label and Postwar"; September 1, 1945, National Broad-
casting Company, address entitled "The Union Label — Emblem of American Pros-
perity"; March 21, 1946, American Broadcasting Company, address entitled
"Union Label — A Peacetime Plan"; April 8, 19 46, Mutual Broadcasting System,
dramatization, "The Shield of Protection"; July 4, 1946, Mutual Broadcasting
System, dramatization, "Samuel Gompers — Patriot"; August 10, 1946, Columbia
Broadcasting System, address entitled "Labor-Management Cooperation," and on
Labor Day, September 2, 19 46, Mutual Broadcasting System, dramatization, "Peter
J. McGuire — The Founder of Labor Day."
VACANCY ON EXECUTIVE BOARD
The Executive Board unanimously elected Dave Beck, International Vice-
President, International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen
and Helpers of America, to fill the vacancy on the Executive Board created by
the death of Vice-President John M. Gillespie.
NEW AFFILIATIONS
The following organizations affiliated with the Union Label Trades Department
since the last convention, held in New Orleans, November 17, 19 44:
International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship Builders and Helpers
of America, January 1, 1945.
Office Employes International Union, June 1, 1945.
INVITATIONS EXTENDED TO AFFILIATE WITH DEPARTMENT
Invitations have been extended to the following organizations to affiliate with
the Department:
The United Brick and Clay Workers of America.
International Brotherhood of Firemen and Oilers.
United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe
Fitting Industry of the United States and Canada.
ACKNOAVLEDGEMENTS OF COOPERATION
The officers and members of the Executive Board of the Union Label Trades
Department wish to express their gratitude to President William Green and
Secretary-Treasurer George Meany of the American Federation of Labor for the
splendid cooperation they have received from the entire staff of the A. F. of L.
at headquarters in Washington. Through the columns of the American Federa-
tionist and the A. F. of L. Weekly News Service — all items of interest concerning
Union Labels, Shop Cards, and Service Buttons have been given wide publicity.
We are also indebted to the other three Departments of the A. F. of L. — the
24 THE CARPENTER
Building and Construction Trades Department; tlte Metal Trades Department;
the Railroad Employes' Department, and to the A. F. of L. organizers. -
Likewise, we are indebted to the officials and organizers of all national and
international unions affiliated with the A. P. of L., state federations of labor,
central labor unions, local unions, union label leagues, and women's auxiliaries.
We fully appreciate the loyal support that they have voluntarily contributed to
the success of our Union Label crusade.
AUDITOR'S REPORT
Cash balances, as of August 31, 1946, were reconciled to the book accounts and
confirmed by letter from the banks. Bonds and stocks or evidence indicating
ownership of same as vested in the Department were examined and found to be
in agreement with the financial records. Surety bond coverage in the penalty
sum of $3,000 is carried on the positions of Secretary-Treasurer and Bookkeeper.
The schedules of this report, made from the books of the Department, which
are in agreement with the bank transactions, in my opinion, properly set forth
the financial transactions of the fiscal year ending August 31, 1946, and the
financial condition of the Department as of that date.
Respectfully,
JAMES E. GILLIS,
Certified Public Accountant.
The report was unanimously endorsed.
RESOLUTION
The following Resolution was unanimously adopted:
Whereas, The editors of official monthly journals of national and international
labor unions, affiliated with the American Federation of Labor, are contributing
liberal space for the publicizing of Union Labels, Shop Cards, and Service Buttons;
and
Whereas, The Union Label Trades Department largely depends upon said jour-
nals or magazines to reach the entire membership of A. F. of L. affiliated unions
tlirough Union Label editorials, news items, special articles, advertisements, car-
toons, and other releases; therefore, be it
Resolved, That the Union Label Trades Department of the American Federa-
tion of Labor, in convention assembled, does hereby acknowledge the space so
generously contributed by the official monthly labor journals.
President Green of the American Federation of Labor addressed the Con-
vention at length on matters pertaining to the Labor Movement.
The following officers were elected:
President Matthew Woll Photoengravers.
First Vice-President John J. Mara Boot & Shoe Workers.
Second Vice-President Jos. P. Curdy United Garment Wkrs.
Third Vice-President Jas. M. Duffy Operative Potters.
Fourth Vice-President Herman Winter Bakers.
Fifth Vice-President Dave Beck Teamsters.
Secretary-Treasurer I. M. Ornburn Cigar Makers.
Respectfully submitted,
M. A. HUTCHESON,
T. SHEDAKER,
TEX KENNEY,
Delegates.
Jin ffitmttvinm
Not lost to those that love them,
Not dead, just gone before;
They still live In our memory,
And will forever more.
%t&i in l^tatt
Thi Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother JOSEPH A. ARSENAULT, Local No. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
Brother ELEK BARSI, Local No. 721, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother LEONARD BECHTOLD, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother DELMAR D. BECKHART, Local No. 634, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother VAL BOEPPLER, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother SYLVESTER C. COWELL, Local No. 634, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother WILLIAM R. CRUMP, Local No. 366, Bronx, N. Y.
Brother JOSEPH E. CURRIE, Local No. 1835, Waterloo, Iowa.
Brother FRANCIS DOWALTER, Local No. 1052, W. Hollywood, Calif.
Brother MICH AIL J. DOWNEY, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother L. W. DOZIER, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother H. F. DUTCHER, Local No. 721, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother ANTHONY FABBRI, Local No. 620, Vineland, N. J.
Brother J. A. GARRISON, Local No. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
Brother L. H. GODDARD, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother VIRGIL GRAY, Local No. 1050, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother MICHAEL GREENBERG, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother CHARLES O. GUINASSO, Local No. 222, Westfield, Mass.
Brother DENIS GYONKE, Local No. 419, Chicago, 111.
Brother G. E. HALL, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother WILLIAM L. HALL, Local No. 620, Vineland, N. J.
Brother C. A. HOSTETLER, SR., Local No. 764, Shreveport, La.
Brother T. H. KELLEY, Local No. 1260, Iowa City, Iowa.
Brother ERIC LEDROW, Local No. 1373, Flint, Mich.
Brother FRANCIS M. LEE, Local No. 222, Westfield, Mass.
Brother UNO LILLINQUIST, Local No. 620, Vineland, N. J.
Brother THOMAS LINDSAY, Local No. 634, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother MARCUS LUND, Local No. 634, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother DENIS MAHONEY, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother JAMES McCLINTOCK, Local No. 122, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother JERRY McCREARY, Local No. 1419, Johnstown, Pa.
Brother M. L. McELROY, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother OSCAR A. MILLER, Local No. 1067, Port Huron, Mich.
Brother LOUIS MOEHLIS, Local No. 1835, Waterloo, Iowa.
Brother CHAS. OBERTON, Local No. 1835, Waterloo, Iowa.
Brother ROBERT O'NEAL, Local No. 1052, W. Hollywood, Calif.
Brother ERNEST PALLADINI, Local No. 721, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother MARION F. PALMER, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother MATTEO PASSARELLI, Local No. 1050, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother WM. H. PETTITT, Local No. 1065, Salem, Ore.
Brother GEORGE A. RAMMING, Local No. 132, Washington, D. C.
Brother TORGUS SALVESEN, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother PAUL F. SAMARIN, Local No. 721, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother KENDAL T. SCOTT, Local No. 207, Chester, Pa.
Brother FRANK SHADE, Local No. 684, Dayton, Ohio.
Brother ALBERT M. SHOUP, Local No. 1622, Hay ward, Calif.
Brother ROBERT J. SMALL, Local No. 1991, Bedford, Ohio.
Brother JOHN B. SOUTHWORTH, Local No. 634, Los Angeles, Calif.
Brother GEORGE M. SP ANGLER, Local No. 1419, Johnstown, Pa.
Brother J. D. SPRAGUE, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother ALF O. STENERSON, Local No. 1622, Hay ward, Calif.
Brother TRAVIS SURINE, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother JOHN J. TOWERS, Local No. 257, New York, N. Y.
Brother CHARLES WALTER, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother GUSTAVE WENTZ, Local No. 684, Dayton, Ohio.
Corrosponcfence
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondent*.
Local Union No. 60 Makes It 60
On January 9th. Local Union No. 6 0 of Indianapolis. Indiana, played host to
some thousand odd members and guests at the Murat Temple on the occasion of
the Local Union's 6 0th birthday. With its usual flair for doing the unusual, the
Local Union made the affair a memorable one.
As the lady guests entered the hall, each was presented "with a beautiful.
long-stemmed American Beauty rose. For several hours professional entertainers
put on a variety show that equalled anything ever provided by the old vaudeville
circuits. Following the show, a fine orchestra provided music for dancing in the
Egyptian Room.
Speaker of the evening was Second General Vice President John R. Stevenson
who reviewed the progress of not only Local Union Xo. GO but also of previous
efforts of Indianapolis' carpenters to build up an organization capable of improv-
ing their wages and conditions. He called attention to the fact that as long ago
as 1835 carpenters in the Indiana metropolis were endeavoring to organize them-
selves.
When the curtain finally rang down on the occasion it was clear to everyone
that Local Union Xo. 60 had added another successful party to its long list of
delightful affairs.
Pittsburgh Local Marks 58th Birthday
Local Union Xo. 211, Pittsburgh. Pa., wound up the year 1946 with a long
to be remembered 58th Anniversary celebration. In conjunction with Ladies'
Auxiliary Xo. 361, the Local Union sponsored two parties; one in the afternoon and
one in the evening. The afternoon party was devoted to entertaining the children
of members. Under the directorship of the Auxiliary, some 400 children were
fed, entertained, and shown a general good time. In the evening an open meeting
was held for members and their wives, followed by a fine cold lunch with all the
trimmings. There was a good floor show featuring acrobatic dancing and juggling
acts. The evening wound up with dancing and community singing.
Brother Matt Dardis, president of the Local Union acted as master of cere-
monies. During the evening he introduced notable guests. Brother W. H. C.
Moore, eighty-seven years old and only living charter member of Local Union Xo.
211 was unable to attend on account of illness. Brother James Minteer, next
oldest member and first recorded apprentice accepted by Local 211 was on hand
and he gave the guests an interesting review of conditions as they were when
he joined the Union. He pointed out that the |2.00 per hour wage now in effect
was as much as carpenters received for ten hours of gruelling work when he
started in the trade.
Also present at the meeting were M. Dale Cashdollar, secretary-treasurer of the
Pittsburgh District Council, and General Executive Board member William Kelly,
both of whom delivered timely and interesting addresses.
By the time the last guest had departed the celebration was voted an un-
qualified success by all who attended and The Carpenter joins them in wishing
Local Union Xo. 211 many more years of success and progress.
Craft ProblQms
Carpentry
(.Copyright 1947)
LESSON 222
By H. H. Siegele
The screw driver is not exclusively
a carpenter's tool, for few persons reach
maturity without having used it in
some way. It is used for so many pur-
poses for which it was not intended,
that it is not only a widely used tool,
but a widely misused tool. The misuses
of the screw driver are due largely to
the fact that it is a handy tool — close
at hand and suitable to use for do-
ing things besides driving screws. Such
uses of the screw driver should not be
condemned so long as it is used within
the capacity of its strength — not the
use of the screw driver, but the abuse
of it, should be frowned upon.
Screw drivers are classified according
to the length of the shank and the blade
combined. In size they run all the
way from 2 V2 inches up to 12 inches
long, and the thickness in most cases
is in proportion to the length. Besides
these sizes, there are screw drivers of
special design, some larger and much
stronger than those just mentioned, and
some smaller and lighter in weight. In
general, however, screw drivers that
carpenters use can be placed in four
classifications, the common, the bit, the
ratchet and the spiral. The most prac-
tical of these are the common and the
bit. The other two have advantages in
specific cases.
Fig. 1 shows two views of a spiral
or automatic screw driver. In the up-
per drawing we point out the bit, the
lock collar, the shifter, the shifter case
and the handle. In the bottom drawing
we point out the chuck and the spiral
spindle. The screw driver is especially
suitable for driving and lifting the
smaller sizes of screws. In order to get
the best results, foreboring or punching
for the screws is necessary, and in cases
of hard or tough wood, a touch of wax
or paraffin should be applied to the
point of each screw as a lubricant. This
screw driver is provided with a set of
three bits, small, medium and large.
The spiral spindle, as shown, is made
for driving as well as for lifting screws,
Fig. 2
which is governed by the shifter. When
the shifter is pushed as far as it will go
toward the bit, it will drive the screw,
if it is pulled back as far as it will come,
it lifts the screw, and when it is placed,
at neutral or the center, the bit is held
stationary and must be operated like
the common screw driver. By turning
the lock collar to the left the spiral is
locked, and if the shifter is set at cen-
ter you have a common screw driver, if
the shifter is pulled back you have a
ratched screw driver that lifts the screw,
and if it is pushed toward the bit it
will drive the screw. To unlock the
spiral, turn the lock collar to the right.
Fig. 2 shows three steps in driving
a screw with an automatic screw driver,
and one misstep. At A, the foreboring
is shown with the screw ready to be
inserted. At B the screw has been
driven with the fingers as far as it will
go and is ready for the screw driver.
At C the screw driver is in place for
driving the screw. At D is shown what
often happens with an automatic screw
driver, a marred surface. Due either to
lack of skill or to carelessness, the bit
jumped from the screw head to the
surface of the material and marred it,
28
THE CARPENTER
as shown. This often happens when
foreboring is omitted and the screw
turns to one side. But even when the
screw is well started it can happen,
principally when the screw driver is
not kept in line with the screw. In
operating an automatic screw driver one
should try not to go faster than what
Fig. 3
his skill will justify. It is possible to
become so skillful with this screw driver
that great speed can be obtained, but
that must be preceded by much prac-
tice.
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
CARPENTRY. —Has 302 p., 754 il., covering general
house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
BUILDING TRADES DICTIONARY.— Has 380 p.,
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
QUICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il.. covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
framing, and other subjects. $2.50.
(The above books support each other.)
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry, 64 pages, brown
cloth binding and two-color title page. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS.— The prose companion of
Twights of Thought. Illustrated. Cloth. Only $1.00.
Poitaee prepaid when money accompaniei the order.
Order u U CIPrn a? 222 So. Const. St.
today. «■ «■ altWtLt Emporia, Kansas
FREE — With 2 books. Pushing Burtons free; with 3
books, Twigs of Thought and Pushing Buttons free;
with 4 books, 3 $ 1 .00 books free — books autographed.
Fig. 3 shows two views of each of
four different screw driver points. At
A we show a point that is often used,,
which gives fairly good results so long
as the driving is not too hard. At B
are two views af a point that is often
Fig. 4
found, which is caused by using the
screw driver for cleaning out slots and
grooves and so forth. While this is not
the approved point, fairly good results
can be obtained with it on screws that
turn easily. At C are two views of
a point that is often used in cases of
emergency — when the workman is
caught with only one screw driver and
must drive or draw several sizes of
screws with the same screw driver. This
point often saves the day, when the
screws do not turn hard, but it should
never be resorted to when it is possible
to have different screw drivers for the
Fig. 5
different sizes of screws. At D we show
the approved screw driver point.
Fig. 4 shows two views of each of
three different screw driver points. At
THE CARPENTER
29
A is shown how the point shown at A,
Fig. 3, fits into the slot of the screw
head. At B we show the point shown
at B, Fig. 3, and at C we show the ap-
proved point and how it fits into the
slot of the screw head.
Screw drivers run in size from very
small to very large, which should be
remembered. For what we are showing
Fig. 6
in Fig. 5 are only samples." The top
drawing shows a rather large common
screw driver, where we point out the
blade, the shank and the handle. To
the left at the bottom, we show a stubby
screw driver, which can be used in
close quarters, and to the right of it,
is shown the most practical size of com-
mon screw drivers.
Fig. 6 shows a ratchet screw driver.
The ratchet is controlled by the shifter
shown on the ratchet shell. When the
as a guide for making the drawing.
Otherwise he had little use for it.
A screw driver combined with a flash-
light is shown by Fig. 8. This screw
Fig. 9
driver has its advantages when screws
have to be driven in dark places, and
in such cases it is very practical.
Two designs of offset screw drivers
are shown by Fig. 9. Offset screw driv-
ers are especially useful where screws
Fig. 7
shifter is pushed as far as it will go
toward the bit, the ratchet is set for
driving the screw, when it is pulled back
toward the handle, it will lift the screw,
and when it is set at the center, as
shown, the bit is locked and you have
a common screw driver. While this
screw driver has its advantages, it is
not as practical as the common screw
driver.
A screw driver with jaws for holding
the screw is shown by Fig. 7. This screw
driver has its advantages for driving
Fig. 8
screws where they can not be set with
the hand; as, for long reaches or in
tight places. The drawing was made
from memory of such a screw driver
that this writer once owned and lost.
He missed it most when he wanted it
BE READY FOR
A BETTER' JOB
AT BIGGER PAY
Thousands of
Trained Men
Will Be Needed
The Building boom is well under way. New homes
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try and related building trades will cash in BIG
on their knowledge and skill. YOU can train in
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Chicago 37. III.
your special traininf
AMERICAN SCHOOL
Dept. B344, Drexel Ave. at 58th St.
Send me FREE information about
plan covering subjects checked below.
□ Achitecture & Building □ Automotive Engineering
D Drafting and Design [~l Diesel Engineering
n Mechanical Engineering
□ Contracting
□ Practical Plumbing
D Air Conditioning
□ Refrigeration
D Electrical Engineering
D Plastics Engineering
D Aviation D Radi*
Q Business Management
G High School Courses
30
THE CARPEXTER
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
■x
THEY HAVE
OUR CHART Blueprint 27" X 36"
"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
to find lengths of any rafter and make its cuts;
find any angle in degrees; frame any polygon 3 to
16 sides, and cut its mitres; read board feet rafter
and brace tables, octagon scale. Gives other valu-
able information. Also includes Starting Key and
Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and cuts
into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides, makes about
13 square feet of printed data showing squares full size.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
rafter having a run of from 2 to 23 feet; longer lengths are
found by doubling. Covers 17 different pitches. Shows lengths
of hips and valleys, commons, jacks, and gives the cuts for
each pitch, also the angle in degrees and minutes. Fastest
method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
who can read numbers can use it. NOT A SLIDE RULE but
a Slide Calculator designed especially for Carpenters, Con-
tractors and Architects. Thousands in use. Price $2.90 post-
paid, Check or M. 0., no stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St., Div. 3, Kalamazoo 81, Mich.
have to be driven or drawn in tight
places.
The Phillips screw driver has come
into wide use in recent years. This
screw driver is used on screws with
deep slots in heads, which cross at the
center but do not run to the edge of
the screw head. Into the crossed slots
the point of the Phillips screw driver
fits, and with it the screw is driven or
lifted, as the case might require. This
screw driver has a definite advantage
over the old type, since it will not slip
out of the slots. But it can be used only
on screws that have heads with the
crossed slots.
WANTS TO KNOW
A brother wants to know about nail-
ing. He sent sketches showing the dif-
ferent ways he has seen, and wants me
to tell him which methods are right,
if any.
Fig. 1 is a sort of diagram of a board
for rough flooring or for boxing. To
the left are shown three heavy dots,
Ce.nit
t£ io 2. inches
Fig. 1
which represent nails. They were driven
all the way from one-half inch to two
inches from the end. If the bearing
is wide enough to permit it, the best
results are obtained by keeping the
nail about two inches from the end. But
this is not always possible. Where joints
ON-THE-JOB POCKET SEE
Thii new and revised edition of Carpenters and Bullden' Practical Bules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out ociagons, ellipses, roofs,
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
of length, etc. — also, rules for kerfing, drafting gable molding, getting the axis of a
segment, laying off gambrel roof and explaining the steel square.
"For ready reference carry . ....
this convenient 50 page 51.00 postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
tTyfurSiJ?oeb."U6i) 9uide SEND $1.00 TODAY
DA Rflf^BTRC 5344 Cinton Ave., So., Enclosed find $1.00. Please for-
■ **■ >»Wwtl»5) Minneapolis 9, Minn. ward by return mail one of your
Carpenters & Builders' Practical Bules for Laying Out Work.
Name Address
are made on 1%-inch material, the nail
will often have to be placed about one-
half inches from the end. On corners
where the bearing is usually wide
enough, the nails should not come closer
to the end than two inches.
To the right of Fig. 1, by the heavy
dots, are shown three nails. At the
two edges of the board the nails should
be kept from one-half to three-fourths
inch from the edge. If three nails are
used to a bearing, the third nail should
come approximately at the center of
the board. A little horse sense is al-
ways in order when rough boards are
being nailed, which is to say that cir-
cumstances often take priority over es-
tablished rules.
Fig. 2
» Fig. 2 shows how to nail flooring. At
A is shown a nail driven at a 45-degree
angle, which is a good basic slant for
nailing flooring. At B the nail is slanted
too much, which is probably partly due
to the slant of the grain. The space be-
tween the nail and the dotted lines can
be considered as a sort of No-Man's
land, which should be avoided. At C
the nail is started at a 45-degree angle.
The space between the nail and the
dotted lines indicates a sort of safety
zone — any nail driven at a slant coming
between these two slants is within the
rule. Hammer marks, whenever they
might appear, are always ruled out.
Specializing In
rJf
Ifo]
The
MASTER CHAMPION
Hi
S%x
• Lawn Mower
Sharpening Machine
M
• Saw Sharpening
Machine
• Key Machine
Phone LUcas 6929
FRANK'S MANUFACTURING CO.
2501-3-5 E. Imperial Highway Los Angeles 2, Cal.
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
BETTER JOBS - BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom li In full
•wing and trained men are needed.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. TheBe books sup-
ply quick, easily understood training and
handy, permanent reference information
that helps solve building problems.
Learn to draw plans, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely illustrated books cover subjects that will help you
to get more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, air-condi-
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UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books are
the most up-to-
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we have ever pub-
lished on these
many subjects.
Coupon Brings Eight Big Books For Examination
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers since 1898
Dept. G336 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
You may ship me the Up-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and if fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34.80 is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Name
Address
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men in service, also give home address.
One thing
in common —
Quality!
For
Trouble-Free
Performance
Proved design, fine workmanship and
high quality materials are combined
in Millers Falls planes to produce
tools that can be relied upon for years
of trouble-free performance. There is
a Millers Falls plane for every job.
MILLERS FALLS
TOOLS
MILLERS FALLS COMPANY
Greenfield. Massachusetts
New Opportunities
f°r Carpenters
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
ing jobs. Be the man who gives orders
and draws the big pay cheek. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every clay work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare, time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
C-103 Tech Bldg. 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, III.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Name
Address
yfcu&Me NEW
with FOLEY RETOOTHER
It cuts a perfect row of new teeth on a handsaw
in 3 minutes! (No need to grind off old teeth.)
Saves time, relieves eyestrain, cuts filing time in
half. You handle more customers and make more
money. The Foley Retoother is a marvel for re-
conditioning all hand saws with broken or un-
even teeth, or hollowed edge due to poor filing.
Cuts 20 sizes of teeth from 4 to 16 points per
inch on all cross-cut, rip, back, mitre-box and
panel saws. Quickly pays for itself and earns
extra profits for you. Immediate Delivery. Send
coupon for circular.
FoFey WoiTcor jKBCKT "
Send full details on Foley Retoother
Name
Address
— Special-
To
who apply SLATE SURFACE Roofing
WORKMEN: Send only 25c and ask for Ad-
vertising SAMPLE Handle, also replaceable
Blades of several shapes and uses. (Retail value
$1.00).
write
The TT C* K"rVITl?ir 2443 W. Larp Ave.
I-VA JVTN UP llf St. Paul, 8, Minn.
BOWL BETTER
WITH YOUR OWN
SoJiumwtck-
INERALITE
Custom-fit
BOWLING
BALL
THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER CO.
Branches in all Principal Cities
Holes Come
Easy . . . with
PAINE
Drill Bits-
365
If you drill by hand— do it
better with Paine Star Drill
Bits (375). Made of finest tool
steel. Available in 4 point sizes.
It you use a rotary drill (slow
speed) do it faster with "Sud-
den Depth" Carboloy Tipped
Drill Bits. These new, improved
bits are now selling at sub-
stantially reduced prices.
Available in many sizes.
Write tor Catalog.
THE PAINE CO.
2967 Carroll Av., Chicago 1 2, HI.
Offices in Principal Cities
PAHTf'
ASTENiNG htUlfCC
id HANGING UlYILLJ
flNBK 1* we
STANLEY specializes in the distinctive appear-
ance of fine tools. Examples of this are Butt Chisels
No. 60 and Tang Chisels No. 61.
The blades are forged from finest chisel steel -
light, thin and tough - to take a keen, durable cut-
ting edge. The handles are of special celluloid - the
toughest non-metallic substance known. Both han-
dles are designed to fit the hand comfortably.
Fine to look at — finer to use — and made for wood-
workers who want the finest of results. Buy them
when next you need fine tools.
STANLEY TOOLS
163 Elm St., New Britain, Conn.
[STANLEY]
Trade Mark
HARDWARE HAND TOOLS - ELECTRIC TOOLS
Stanley Tang
Chisel No. 61
HOLES
with
3ne MallDrill handles all your drilling
iobs. It has the speed and power to
Irive all kinds . of bits ... it is easy
o operate in close quarters . . . and it
:an be serviced without dismantling.
These handy, all-purpose MallDrills are
tvailable in }4 " (two speeds), 5/16",
?8"? and \'%" capacities for 110-volt AC-
)C or 230-volt AC-DC.
tsfc your Deafer or write for literature and prices.
POWER TOOL DIVISION
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
25 Years of "Beffer Too/s For Better Work."
AUDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
(4vol$.*6
Inside Trade Information
lot Carpenters, Builders. Join-
ers, Building Mechanics and
all Woodworkers. These
Guides give you the short-cut
instructions that you want—
includins new methods, ideas,
solutions, plans, systems and
money Bavine suggestions. An
easy progressive course for the
apprentice and student. A
practical . daily helper and
Quick Reference for the master
worker. Carpenters every-
where are. using theae Guides
as a Helping Hand to Easier
Work. Better Work and Bet-
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance for yourself, simply fill
in flrtd'mail the FREE COU-
PON below.
Inside Trade Information On:
How to use the Bteel square — How to file and set
saws — How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — How to use
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— ^Es-
timating strength of timbers — How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12, 13 and 17 on the
steel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds—
okylights — How to build stairs — How to put on
interior trim — How to hanK doors — How to lath-
lay floors — How to paint
THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City
Mail Audela Carpenters and Builders Guides. 4 vols., on 7 days' free trial. If OR*.
I will remit Jl in 7 days, and SI nv-nthly until $6 is paid. Otherwise I will return i hero-
No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Occupation.
Beierence. .
ATKI NS
1&&* Jtee* SAWS
^i"*w*
"Yo° b rve ha^h,s
^t'sV'hy,er25yearS
Atkins ^°Ve
Sure — the care a user gives a saw has a lot
to do with saw life. But equally important
is the care that goes into the manufacture
of a saw. In the case of Atkins Saws,
perfect balance and correct design, /
rugged blades of special tempered /
"Silver Steel" keener teeth that stretch /
the time between filings — are all /
results of painstaking attention to
every detail. That's why so many car
penters rate an Atkins the easiest
handling, fastest and freest cut-
ting saw — the saw to depend
on for finest finished work. It's
also why so many veteran
craftsmen are still using
Atkins Saws bought when
they first entered their
chosen trades.
E. C. ATKINS AND COMPANY
Home Office and Factory: 402 S. Illinois Street, Indianapolis 9, Indiana
mr j » <|f J Branch Factory: Portland, Oregon
tlBiF^ Branch Olfices : Atlanta - Chicago • Memphis • New Orleans • New York • San Francisco
THE CARPENTER'S FRIEND FOR 90 YEARS
:
tm
MPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
M. A. HUTCHESON
First Vice-President
APRIL
FRANK DUFFY
General Secretary
WILLIAM L HUTCHESON
General President
UNITED
BROTHERHOOD
of
CARPENTERS
and
JOINERS
• of
AMERICA
Drill pilot holes
with one hand and a
w
YANKEE
No. 41 Automatic Drill
A "Yankee" No. 41 drills pilot
holes in wood with a few easy
pushes. Spring automatically re-
turns handle after every stroke
and revolves drill point to clear
away chips. Magazine in handle
holds 8 drill points . . . ^6 *°
1%4 . . . easy to select, re-
move and replace. Improved
chuck prevents drill points pull-
ing out in use, yet releases
them with one, easy motion.
All exposed parts chromium
plated ... a lifetime tool.
Write for "Yankee" Tool Booh
New Opportunities
f.or Carpenters
NORTH BROS. MFG. CO.
Division of The Stanley Works
Philadelphia 33, Pa.
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
ing jobs. Be the man who gives orders
and draws the big pay cheek. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
D-108 Tech Bldg. 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, 111.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Name
Address
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joinersi
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established In 1881
VoL LXVII— No. 4
INDIANAPOLIS, APRIL, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Contents —
G. E. B. Declaration -
6
In this day of uncertainty, insecurity and doubt, the General Executive Board, on
the eve of its inauguration for the forthcoming term, lays down a broad policy based
primarily on the traditional concept of democracy that the element of self-determination
must be preserved for all creeds and classes against the onslaughts of theorists, advo-
cates of foreign ideologies and those who believe that might makes right.
Bill Tells 'Em --------- 9
As a member of a three-man committee representing the Ameriran Federation of
Labor, General President Hutcheson points out some pertinent facts to the House and
Senate Labor Committees in whose hands most of the anti-labor bills now rest.
Library Fund
. . _ -___--_ 13
Although the large amount of official matter that had to be published in last
month's issue of the journal made it impossible to tabulate donations to the Library
Fund, Local Unions, Councils and Ladies Auxiliaries have continued sending in money
to aid in rehabilitating the library at the home which provides guests with more
pleasure and relaxation than any other one thing.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS:
Plane Gossip
Editorials -
Official
In Memoriam
Correspondence
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
14
16
19
20
21
25
26
Index to Advertisers
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, nnder Act of
-Congress, Aug: 24. 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
In Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All contracts for advertising space Id "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Carlson Rules 4
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
Frank's Mfg. Co., Los Angeles,
Calif. 32
Greenlee Tool Co., Rockford, 111. 3
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 31
F. P. Maxson, Chicago, 111 30
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Philadel-
delphia, Pa. 1
Ohlen-Bishop Mfg. Co., Colum-
bus, O. 4
Paine Co., Chicago, 111 32
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn. 3rd Cover
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore. 4
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 32
Carpentry Materials
Johns-Manville Corp., New York,
N. Y. 1
Doors
Overhead Door Corp., Hartford
City, Ind. 4th Cover
Overalls
The H. D. Lee Co., Kansas City,
Mo. 3rd Cover
Technical Courses and Books
American Technical Society,
Chicago, 111. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, III 1
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 30
E. W. Hoffner, Chicago, 111 29
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans 28
Mason Engineering Service, Kala-
mazoo, Mich. 30
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo._ 32
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y. 3rd Cover
KEEP THE MONEY
IN THE FAMILY!
PATRONIZE
ADVERTISERS
• This easy-reading GREENLEE HANDY
CALCULATOR swiftly solves your wood-
working problems. Just set the dial: convert
linear feet to board feet; get slope per
foot in degrees; compare hardness, weights,
shrinkage, warping and working ease of
various woods. More, too: bit sizes for head,
body, thread of screws; nail specifications;
tool sharpening hints; protractor. 6" diam-
eter, fits your tool kit. Heavily varnished
cardboard. Special offer. Order now, send
10$ (not stamps) in next mail. Greenlee
Tool Co., 2084 Columbia Ave., Rockford, III.
^OB^TESTEQ/
For 94 years
OHLEN-BISHOP
No. 20
COMPASS SAW
The special purpose saw of today is
the outgrowth of necessity. Our ear'y
founders worked closely with the
trade to furnish the type saw needed
for every job. The compass illustrat-
ed above is only one of hundreds of
special carpenter saws included in our
complete line. When you ask for an
OHLEN-BISHOP you are specifying
a tool made right for the job — tested
and proven throughout the years.
OHLEN-SISHOP
906 Ingleside Ave.
Columbus, Ohio
— PRICE LIST —
Label and Emblem Novelties
Card Cases (Label) % .10
Key Chains (Label) 15
Fobs (Label and Emblem) . .50
Gavels (Labels) 1.25
Pins (Emblem) 1.00
Buttons (Emblem) 1.00
Cuff Links (Emblem) 1.50
Match Box Holders (Label) .15
Belt Loop and Chain (Label) .75
Pins, Ladies Auxiliary (Em-
blem) 1.75
Auto Radiator Emblems. . . 1.25
In Ordering These Goods Send All Orders
and Make All Remittances Payable to
FRANK DUFFY, Gen. Sec,
Carpenters' Bid., 222 E. Michigan St.
Indianapolis, Ind.
d// CARLSON RULES
have this
tO-SSCONO
ThslSPSiD SAW FILER
Saves You Time, Money
Now you can do expert saw filing at
home. Lifetime tool makes precisioa
filing easy for even the most inexperi-
enced. Two simple adjustments make
type hand saw. Keep your
■a sharp and true-cutting with
i Speed Saw Filer. Complete with file,
-eadv to use. Money back guarantee.
Cash with order, prepaid. (COJ3.
postage extra-)
i\0
WITHOUT OPENING THE C
Can quickly replace the blai
a'spare' Replacement Blade
Models in 6, 8 and 10-foot
SOLD BY LEADING HARDWARE DEALERS
THE SPEED COMPANY
Dept. A 2025 N.E. Sandy, Portland 12, Ore.
)RDER TODAY!
ON-THE-JOB POCKET BJS
This new and revised edition of Carpenters and Builders' Practical Rules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out octagons, ellipses, roofs,
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
of length, etc. — also, rules for kerflng, drafting gable molding, getting the axii of a
segment, laying off gambrel roof and explaining the steel square.
"For ready reference carry
this convenient 50 page $1-00 postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
pocket size (4jx6J) guide
to your job."
SE XD
1.00 TODAY
D A RflfiFRQ 5344 cinton **"■■ So-. Enclosed find $1.00. Please for-
• "■ *^" ■»*'Wtri3j Minneapolis 9, Minn. ward by return mail one of your
I Carpenters & Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
Name Address
General Executive Board Members
CHAS. JOHNSON
First District
[HARRY SCHVyARZER
Third District
UNITED
BROTHERHOOD
of
CARPENTERS
and
JOINERS
of
AMERICA
R. E. ROBERTS
[Fifth District
Q}
WM.J. KELLY
Second District
ROLAND ADAMS
Fourth District
| ARTHUR M ARTEL
Seventh District '\
THE CARPEXTER
A Declaration
by the
GENERAL EXECUTIVE BOARD
*
The year 1947 is rapidly developing into a year of
crisis for our nation. At home, reconstruction, inflation,
and deep-seated economic problems are harassing- our
government. Abroad, grave international complications
are jeopardizing the peace of the world. The concepts
of liberty, equality, and individual freedom which the
United States of America introduced to the world are in
dire peril. Never in history has it been so important
that American institutions and American individuals
reaffirm their faith in the American way of life and all
the noble things for which America stands. Never has
it been so essential that they maintain rigidly and in-
flexibly their faith in the principles laid down in the
constitution and consecrated by the life's blood of un-
told millions of liberty-loving Americans since 1776.
The United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, true to its long and honorable tradition of
patriotism and loyalty, hereby renews once again its
unshakable faith in the American heritage of democracy
and democratic procedure. To the preservation and
perpetuation of this heritage we pledge our hearts and
hands. Whatever the days ahead may have in store;
whatever obstacles and difficulties may arise : however
confused and difficult the pathway may be from here
on in. the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Join-
ers of America will continue to champion and defend
the cause of liberty and justice and the dignity of man.
Through the long and bitter war only recently
concluded, the United Brotherhood faced its responsi-
bilities unflinchingly. Some 75,000 members served with
distinction in the various branches of the armed forces.
Hundreds made the supreme sacrifice. Thousands upon
thousands, some as gallant Seabees, some as civilian
workers, but all with the smell of gunpowder in their
T HE C A R P E X T E R
nostrils and the sound of gunfire in their ears, built the
ramparts all over the world from which the enemy were
destroyed. And those who stayed home worked long
and weary hours to provide the arsenal upon which vic-
tory depended. No campaign failed, not one major
attack was delayed a single day because some members
of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America on the home front failed to fulfill their obli-
gations. Of our whole war record, all of us can be proud.
But the winning of the peace is posing problems no
less crucial, no less fundamental, than the problems the
war itself raised. Here and now, we, in whose hands
has been placed the responsibility of leadership within
the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of
America, pledge the same unqualified support to the
winning of the peace that our Brotherhood devoted to
the winning of the war.
To this end our Brotherhood reiterates its determi-
nation to oppose with all the vigor at its command the
incursion of any and all foreign philosophies into the
American labor movement, be they Communist, Fascist,
or advocates of some other brand of totalitarianism. By
dark and devious methods evil influences are today seek-
ing to undermine the very foundation-stones of our
form of government. We pledge an unremitting fight
against them. However and whenever they are found
within our ranks they will be purged. However and
whenever we can assist other organizations within the
American labor movement take similar action we will
do so.
To our fellow workers in other nations we extend
the hand of brotherhood. In the war-torn lands the
labor unions suffered greatly. Under the totalitarian
heel they felt the ruthless lash of domination. Yet from
the ranks of labor sprang the backbone of the resistance
movement. Those union leaders who were not butchered
outright took up the cudgels ag'ainst the foe and he-
roically struck blow after blow for the cause of freedom.
Before the war the unions in these unhappy lands com-
prised the backbone of the democratic forces. Democ-
racy will never be restored fully to these nations until
THE CARPENTER
free, democratic labor unions are once more thriving in
their midst. Therefore, we pledge ourselves to lend all
moral and financial support possible to the rebuilding of
democratic labor movements in these countries.
In our own country the forces of greed are once more
in the saddle. They have combined their resources for
a ruthless attack on the rights, privileges and very ex-
istence of labor unions. We pledge an all-out fight
against them. When the labor movement ceases to exist
as a free and independent body within the structure of
our nation, democracy will be on its way out. Men must
remain free to work or not to work, to do business or not
to do business, to accept or reject the chances that the
vagaries of constantly-changing times present. All
classes and creeds and colors must maintain the right
of self-determination. They must have open to them
ever-expanding avenues of self-betterment. Destruction
of the labor movement served as a prelude to total dic-
tatorship in every one of the totalitarian nations. We
are determined to see that it shall not happen here.
We reaffirm our faith in the free enterprise system.
We believe that it has produced for us more of the good
things of life than any other system ever invented by
the mind of man. We believe that in the years ahead
it can bring us even bigger and better things with a
much higher living standard for all — a living standard
subject to constant improvement. However, we must
again point out that a free labor movement must always
be an integral part of the free enterprise system. Free-
dom is an ephemeral thing; all segments of our society
must be free or eventually none will be free.
Clouded and uncertain though the future may ap-
pear, we have faith and confidence in the good judg-
ment of the American people. In the darkest hours of
our history their good judgment has surmounted seem-
ingly impossible obstacles. We know it will do so again.
For our part, we pledge that the United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners of America, as it always has
done in the past, will continue to work unceasingly for
a brighter, more prosperous America with a greater
measure of liberty, justice and security for all.
General President Hutcheson Gives Some Cold, Hard
Facts Regarding Labor to Congressional Committees
BILL Tells 'em
• • •
IN HEARINGS before the House and Senate Labor Committees last
month, General President William L. Hutcheson, as a member of a
three-man delegation representing the American Federation of Labor,
gave Congress some straight-from-the-shoulder facts about labor and the
current agitation for legislation to curb labor's activities. Calm and col-
lected despite efforts of some committee members to confuse and befuddle
him, President Hutcheson talked intelligently and patiently. He minced
no words and he evaded no issues. When the hearings were over, one of
the committee members was moved to remark: "You are the first man
who has come up here that is fair and open minded about what we are
trying to do here."
On the committee with President
Hutcheson were Bill Green, A. F. L.
President, and George Meany, A. F.
L. Secretary-treasurer. For almost
a full day they gave Congressmen
their opinions of various union-
shackling types of legislation now
pending before both the House and
the Senate. They told labor's story
completely and thoroughly. They ef-
fectively exploded the pet theories
of those who have been maintaining
that collective bargaining has bro-
ken down. And when they were
through, the committee members at
least had a clear-cut picture of the
position of the responsible part of
the labor movement in the present
labor crisis.
- In his opening remarks, Bill
Green questioned the validity of the
arguments being used by those who
are pushing- anti-labor legislation.
In part, he said :
"At the outset let me challenge
the basis on which this legislation
has been presented to the country.
It is claimed to be a remedy against
strikes. It is not. It is directed not
against strikes but against the proc-
ess of collective bargaining itself.
"Does this legislation deal with
the causes of industrial unrest that
has swept the country since V-J
Day? Does it reach the issues that
were behind the disputes through
which we have gone? The answer
is categorically NO.
"The record, which no one can
dispute, shows that during the most
critical period following the termi-
nation of hostilities, 86 out of every
ioo workers who engaged in a work
stoppage did so only because they
were caught in the economic vise of
rising prices and declining postwar
income. These postwar strikes did
not take place because of a break-
down of voluntary collective bar-
gaining. They did not occur be-
cause of the failure of unions to
carry out the peaceful purposes and
procedures to which labor is dedi-
cated. The record shows that one
basic cause of .that unrest was in-
flation. The other major cause was
government intervention into labor-
manao-ement relations.
10
THE CARPENTER
"Not one of the bills relates in
any manner to the problem of infla-
tion, and all of them increase, rather
than remove, government interven-
tion. What, then, is the real purpose
behind these laws?
"Any fair-minded student of these
proposals will inevitably reach the
conclusion that the real purpose be-
hind this legislation is to destroy
unions and to wreck collective bar-
gaining.'! -
Categorically the A. F. L. repre-
sentatives blasted one after another
of the anti-union proposals con-
tained in bills now up for Congres-
sional action. They exposed the bills
advocating imposition of open shop
principles as nothing more or less
than reactionary legislation nullify-
ing the social gains of the past forty
years. They warned that any
abridgement of labor's right to
strike would lead to complete chaos.
They pointed out that cooling-off
periods, elimination of the check-off
system and outlawing of the boycott
would increase rather than decrease
industrial strife.
In his innings before the House
labor committee. President Hutche-
son pulled no punches. In a straight-
forward manner he laid the cards on
the table and bluntly told the Con-
gressmen what would happen if va-
rious bills hamstringing labor were
passed. When certain members of
the committee tried to get him to
admit that mandatory open shop
principles might not injure the la-
bor movement. President Hutcheson
recited a little bit of history for
their benefit. He told them of the
open shop drive that Big Business
inaugurated after World War I
and of the chaos it brought on in
certain sections of the country — no-
tably the Pacific Coast. A partial
text of his remarks reads as follows :
Mr. Hutcheson : "I don't agree
with George's statement that-, we
were all wiped out, because we
weren't. We fought it out.
"Let me go a step further and
show you what we had to do in that
case. We had to supply material
for the contractors who were will-
ing to hire our men and other build-
ing tradesmen, with the result that
material yards were set up around
San Francisco, and in that area, and
we couldn't buy cement in the
United States. We had to import
a shipload of cement from Aus-
tralia.
"Through that method, however,
we finally got them to the point that,
as George says, there were many of
those local organizations, ours in-
cluded, where we lost a lot of mem-
bers, but we didn't lose them all,
because we fought the thing out.
We spent a lot of money.
"This is sort of an informal dis-
cussion, and I don't want to be but-
ting in. but the Bricklayers' Union
had to buy a brick plant and go into
the brick-making business in a boil-
er plant in El Paso, Texas, because
it was impossible to build a building
on the Pacific Coast unless you
agreed beforehand that it would be
at least 51 per cent nonunion. You
couldn't borrow money, and if you
had all the money in your hands,
you couldn't build the building be-
cause they put an embargo on the
shipping of building materials to
the Pacific Coast. And the Brick-
layers' Union, it is a matter of rec-
ord, bought a brickmaking plant and
shipped bricks from El Paso to the
Pacific Coast in order to maintain .
their union and fight the open shop.
"And do you know when we came
back? When the employers got
tired of. contributing their millions
to that open-shop drive. And here
THE CARPENTER
11
you are trying to do the same thing
by the law of the land.
"Let me say further, Congress-
men, that in that controversy I made
a trip to San Francisco and had a
conference with the gentlemen who
were leading in that open shop
fight, and I made a proposal to them
that I would put them on a sales-
manship basis. We would go out
to the contractors, and if we could
sell our ideas to the contractors,
they were not to interfere. If they
could sell theirs to the contractors,
we would not interfere. And they
would not accept the proposal. That
is a matter of record."
Mr. Landis: "Mr. Smith?"
Mr. Smith of Kansas : "There are
several questions " that I disagree
with you about, but there is one that
I agree with you on.
"I have a great deal of respect
for one thing you have said here,
and I would like to make a speech
about it, because you are the first
man who has come up that I think is
fair and open-minded about what we
are trying to do here, representing
as you do a lot of labor.
"When you say you are not a poli-
tician, though, I want to say: You
are a past master. I wish I were as
good as you are."
Mr. Hutcheson: "Thank you, sir."
That little, if any, of the ire of
Congress is directed against such
organizations as the United Broth-
erhood of Carpenters and Joiners of
America or the other long-estab-
lished, well-balanced unions in the
Federation seems evident from even
a casual perusal of the proceedings
of the House committee. The fol-
lowing dialogue is an excerpt from
records of the House committee :
Mr. Kelley: "Mr. Hutcheson, I
could see very well why )-ou would
not need the National Labor Rela-
tions Act. It was set on the books
to aid these unorganized members in
setting up their own unions without
interference from management. You
have been in existence a long time.
You are one of the oldest unions
in the country, are you not?"
Mr. Hutcheson : "One of the old-
est."
Mr. Kelley: "Well, then you are
able to take care of yourself."
Mr. Hutcheson : "We think we
have done a pretty fair job."
Mr. Kelley: "And you have dis-
ciplined your members into union-
ization, have }rou not?"
Mr. Hutcheson : "We have done
what?"
Mr. Kelley: "Your members are
disciplined into unionization."
Mr. Hutcheson: "I don't know
whether they are disciplined in it,
but they are educated in it."
Mr. Kelley: "All right. Let us
use the word 'educated.'
"Then, also, the management, the
people you deal with, have learned
the techniques of handling union-
ized labor."
Mr. Hutcheson : "Quite true. And
they have come to realize this: Men
engaged in building construction
have come to know that they are in
the same category as the building
tradesmen. In other words, they
have no investment in a certain plant
where they turn out products for
sale on the public market. They
have to wait. They have their equip-
ment, of course, but they have to
wait until someone wants to build
a building. Then they go and en-
deavor to get the job, and after they
get it, they say to us tradesmen,
"Come on. We have got a job for
you and we have one for ourselves."
12
THE CARPENTER
So the result is that when we sit
down around the table, we realize
that they have got just as much in-
terest as we have in it, and they are
just as much entitled to considera-
tion as we are. And the result is
that we have worked up, I think, a
cooperative understanding."
Mr. Kelley: "After all, there is
such a thing as technique."
Mr. Hutcheson : "Yes ; but I guess
I perhaps have not been educated
in that, I don't know."
Mr. Kelley: "Now, would you not
say this : Take a concern where the
management has never had organ-
ized labor. Do you think they know
how to deal properly with them?"
Mr. Hutcheson: "No; they are not
familiar with that."
Mr. Kelley: "That is what I am
trying to point out. And my con-
tention is this : That the longer these
new unions are in existence, the
better they will become in the mat-
ter of working out their problems
with management, and management
working out their problems with the
unions."
Mr. Hutcheson : "In other words,
Congressman, as I understand your
statement, you are thinking of the
youngest element in the labor move-
ment, perhaps on the other side of
the fence from the federation."
■ Mr. Kelley: "Yes; that is .right.
Exactly. You have got it."
. Mr. Meany : "And the younger
element in management ; not young-
er in years, but younger in the sense
they have not dealt with unions."
Mr. Kelley: "That is right, and
therefore I say that in time we will
eliminate a lot of these so-called
difficulties. That is my contention,
and I think vou are an example of
it."
Mr. Hutcheson : "I quite agree
with your analysis."
Mr. Kelley: "That is why I bring
it up today again. Because your
organization is a good example of
that."
Mr. Hutcheson: "Well, we try to
be a good example of good Amer-
icans, anyway."
What form Congressional labor
legislation will take in the present
session of Congress is unpredicta-
ble. However, thanks to the testi-
mony of President Hutcheson and
Bill Green and George Meany, the
representatives of the people at
least now have an honest picture
of the labor situation. They know
that the discord and difficulties have
stemmed almost entirely from the
Johnny-come-latelies in the labor
movement. We must now rely on
their good judgment.
Workers Still Strong for Unions
While radio, press and certain members of Congress are whipping up
a barrage of propaganda against organized labor, figures show that work-
ers throughout the nation are flocking to the fold of unionism as eagerly
as ever. The National Labor Relations Board recently issued a report
covering its activities for the month of January. That report shows that
out of 42,000 ballots cast in elections during the month, almost eighty
per cent were cast in favor of collective bargaining by a labor organization. ,
From the foregoing it is clear that despite all the raving and ranting of
those who are hoping to cripple the labor movement for ends of their own,
the workers of the nation are still pinning their hopes for security and
prosperity on union membership.
Because of the large amount of official matter which had to be published in
last month's issue of the journal, there was no room for a listing of contributions
to the Library Fund received during the month.
In the period from January 21 to March 20, seventy affiliates of our Brother-
hood sent in contributions to the fund. They totaled $9 58.40.
Donations to the fund should be clearly designated as such by writing "Library
Fund" on the check or accompanying letter so that bookkeeping errors may be
avoided. Donations from January 21 to March 20 were as follows:
L. U. City and State Amt.
161 Kenosha, Wis. $ 10 00
368 Allentown, Pa. 10 00
277 Philadelphia, Pa. 25 00
1929 Cleveland, Ohio 25 00
657 Sheboygan, Wis. 10 00
76 4 Shreveport, La. 37 00
246 New York, N. Y 50 00
1108 Cleveland, Ohio 50 00
2825 Nashville, Tenn. 10 00
21 Chicago, 111. 10 00
2122 Vandalia, 111. 25 00
374 Buffalo, N. Y 25 00
399 Phillipsburg, N. J 50 00
2711 Escanaba, Mich. 25 00
139 Jersey City, N. J 5 00
2141 Scottsbluff, Nebr. 5 00
1713 Huron, S. Dak 5 00
772 Clinton, Iowa 5 00
14 San Antonio, Texas 25 00
1846 New Orleans, La '. 5 00
1603 Bridgeport, Conn. 10 00
488 New. York, N. Y 25 00
81 Erie, Pa. 25 00
2158 Clinton, Iowa 10 00
359 Philadelphia, Pa 5 00
141 Chicago, 111. 25 00
578 Chicago, 111. 10 00
8 Philadelphia, Pa. 5 00
2836 Westwood, Calif. 5 00
778 Fitchburg, Mass. 5 00
754 Fulton, N. Y 10 00
2912 Trenton, Ont. 10 00
659 Rawlins, Wyo. 10 00
385 New-York, N. Y 50 00
SO Chicago, 111. 25 00
20 Tompkinsville. N. Y 10 00
29 Cincinnati. Ohio 25 00
359 Philadelphia, Pa. 5 00
2174 Chicago, 111. 10 00
1846 New Orleans, La 5 00
L. U. City and State
28 8 Homestead, Pa. _.
331 Norfolk, Va.
2944 Greys Flat, Calif..
119 Newark, N. J
232 Ft. Wayne, Ind. _.
COUNCILS
Cloverland D. C, Marquette,
Mich.
111. State Council, Peoria, 111.
Sacramento D. C, Sacramento,
Calif.
New Orleans and Vic. D. C,
New Orleans, La
Metropolitan D. C, Phila., Pa.
AUXILIARIES
, Great Falls, Mont.
, Marshalltown,
Iowa
, Muskegon, Mich._
, Klickitat, Wash._
, Lancaster, N. Y
, Corpus Christi,
Texas
, Hermiston. Oreg._
, Springfield, 111
, Roseville, Calif
, Aberdeen, Wash._
, Clovis, N. Mex
, St. Petersburg,
Fla.
, Grand Rapids,
Mich.
, Eatonville. Wash.
Los Angeles. Calif.
. Pueblo. Colo.
Columbia. Mo.
, Fresno. Calif.
. Marquette, Mich._
, Hutchinson. Kans.
Aux.
Aux.
Aux.
Aux.
Aux.
Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
201
21
3S7
453
128
340
429
230
338
319
346,
325
L. Aux. 318
L.
Aux.
323
L.
Aux.
262
L.
Aux.
190
L.
Aux.
436
L.
Aux.
251
L
Aux.
79
L.
Aux.
235
Amt.
10 00
10 00
10 00
25 00
10 00
5 00
25 00
10 00
10 00
25 00
35 00
1
00
2
00
10
00
5
00
10
00
10 00
5
00
1
00
3 00
5
00
1 00
2 00
5 00
5 00
2 00
4 40
5 00
5 00
5 00
RECAPITULATION
Donations previously accounted for $6,593 73
Donations received from January 21 to March 20 958 40
Total available money in Fund as of March 20 $7,552 13
-5 IP
SOUNDS LOGICAL,
A man in Indianapolis recently ar-
rested for trying to rob a bank, gave
the police the following story of his
activities:
"I never tried to rob no bank before.
I • never woulda' done it bnt I wanted
to start a clothing store. You see I
used to be a plain ordinary burglar.
One night I broke into a clothing store.
When I saw the eighty and ninety dol-
lar price tags on twenty dollar suits
I decided burglary was a piker busi-
ness. So I tried to hold up a bank
to get me a stake to go into the cloth-
ing business."
• • •
TIMES CHANGE
After perusing the latest catalog put
out by a big mail order house, our old
friend Joe Paup was moved to remark,
"Women's behavior has certainly
changed. I suppose in Grandma's day
a girl set her cap for a man too, but
it didn't use to be a knee cap."
• • •
The problem of life is not to make
life easier but to make men stronger, —
David Starr Jordan.
Hold it a minute, Professor — 1 think
the saic is caught in my zipper.
TO THEM THAT HATH
A judge, failing to be re-elected, was
made cashier of a local bank. A man
presented a check to be cashed.
"Don't know you," greeted the new
cashier.
The customer produced a credit card
and a lot of letters addressed to him-
self.
"Not sufficient identity," said the
cashier, pushing the check back.
"Why, Judge," protested the man,
"I've known you to hang a man on less
evidence than that."
"That may be," said the judge, "but
when you're paying out money you have
to be careful."
To our way of thinking, the new Con-
gress is developing a philosophy about
on a par with the above-mentioned
Judge's: everything for Big Business
and the monied boys and to heck with
the struggle of the little guys for a
chance to improve their lot and acquire
for themselves a little place in the
sun.
• • •
YOU CAN BELIEVE PAUP
"A married woman may not neces-
sarily know much about Parliamentary
Law," says our old friend, Joe Paup,
"but she usually ends up the Speaker
of the House just the same."
PREFERRED CUSTOMER
A customer waiting for a small job
to be done on his car watched a me-
chanic change the oil in another car
without spilling a drop, check the radi-
ator, clean the windshield, wipe away
all the greasy finger marks, place a
clean cloth over the upholstery, wash
his hands thoroughly and drive the
car slowly out to the street curb.
"Now, there's a real mechanic," the
customer observed to the foreman.
"Oh," explained the foreman, "that's
his own car."
THE CARPENTER
15
IT ENDS UP THE SAME
Right now Congress is neck deep in
the tax muddle. The twenty per cent
reduction in income taxes which the
Republicans promised at election time
is failing to materialize. Excise taxes,
sales taxes, luxury taxes, and profit
taxes are all being scrutinized carefully,
as Congressmen search for a way out.
About the only comment we have to
make is that in the long run it is go-
ing to be little guys like you and me
who will have to carry the bulk of the
load. All the jockeying now going on
in Congress sort of reminds us of the
visitor to the army post. On this post
was a cannon which was fired at ex-
actly 6 o'clock each evening. One day
the visitor got to talking to the soldier
who looked after the cannon.
"Do you fire the cannon at the same
time each evening?" asked the visitor.
"Yes, sir," replied the soldier, "at
exactly six each evening, right on the
dot. I check my watch every day with
the clock at the jewelry store right
down the street.
Later in the day the visitor wandered
into the jewelry store. He noticed the
fine clock in the window.
"That's a mighty fine clock you have
there," he remarked to the jeweler.
"It certainly is," replied the mer-
chant. "Hasn't varied a second in two
years. We have a perfect check on it
too. Every evening at exactly six they
fire a cannon over at the fort, and this
clock is always right on the dot."
That is the way it is with taxes; no
matter how they juggle the tax bills
around, it always amounts to the same
thing in the end, — you and I carry the
bulk of the load.
• • •
THE FINISH
The lecturer was emphasizing the
demoralizing effects of divorce and the
evils thereof.
"Love," he said, "is a quest; a pro-
posal is a request; the giving of a
daughter in marriage is a bequest. But
what is divorce?"
"The inquest," bellowed a voice from
the balcony.
• • •
A duty dodged is like a debt unpaid:
it is only deferred and we must come
back and settle the account at last. —
Joseph Forest Newton.
NOT IE THEY BEHAVE
"Congressmen no longer need fear
the labor vote," says a headline in a
recent issue of a business journal. Oh,
no? Wait until next election time when
the incumbents have to stand on their
records.
Congressmen who are toying with the
idea of supporting anti-labor legisla-
tion better remember the story of the
Bowery bum. This particular bum
walked into a gin mill and ordered a
shot of rye.
"Will this liquor damage my eyes?"
he asked.
"Not if you've got money to pay for
it it won't, Bub," replied the barrel-
chested bartender.
• • *
WISDOM ITSELF
Two timid old ladies were being
shown through an insane asylum. The
inmates were congregated in the yard.
One of the ladies asked a burly guard if
he did not fear an attack from one of
the inmates.
Said the guard: "I think I'm strong
enough to handle any of them."
"But what if two of them attacked
you at once?" questioned the visitor.
"Well, I think I can handle any two
of them," was the answer.
Whereupon the other lady asked what
would happen if all of the inmates at-
tacked him at one time.
"Look, lady," said the guard, "if
these people were smart enough to or-
ganize, they wouldn't be in here."
By George, you just can't trust any-
body these days — the Garage Man was
supposed to have tightened these brakes
this morning.
ditorial
As Ye Sow ....
A certain Democratic senator who went down to defeat in the last
election is still puzzled over the decision of the voters. "Why every-
where I went," he says, "people swarmed to hear what I had to say. They
came by the thousands and tens of thousands. A couple of nights before
the election I would have sworn there weren't ten Republicans in the whole
State. But when election time came there seemed to be an overwhelming
majority of them."
In following the hearings that are currently going on in Congress
relative to proposed labor legislation, we are inclined to believe the mem-
bers of the House and Senate Labor Committees are in a position some-
what similar to that of the above-mentioned Senator. Thousands of indi-
viduals have appeared before the committees to give testimony. Up to the
time this was written, seven out of ten witnesses were representatives of
management. In other words, better than two representatives of manage-
ment appeared for each representative of labor. Naturally, under such
circumstances, labor was at a considerable disadvantage in trying to pre-
sent its side of the controversy.
However, we are not much worried over the quantity of spokesmen
for management. The story labor has to present is simple and it is sound.
It takes no high-powered oratory to make it understandable. General
President Hutcheson, together with Bill Green and George Meany, did a
marvelous job of informing the solons of labor's aims, ambitions and goals.
A dozen or a hundred more labor spokesmen could hard add any further
important or significant facts.
On the quantity of management representation we have no particular
complaint. What we do have a complaint on is the quality of representa-
tion.
As Congressman Klein of New York recently showed, the vast bulk of
the witnesses who appeared before the committees to present management's
side were employers who made a botch of labor relations in their own
plants. Many of them spoke for firms which have been found guilty of
unfair labor practices by the National Labor Relations Board. It was these
witnesses who were most vociferous in their demands for "curbs" on labor
unions.
Since most of the management witnesses appearing before the com-
mittees were of this ilk, the committee members, like the senator we men-
tioned in the beginning, might understandably assume there is no other
side to the management attitude toward labor. The plain truth of the
matter is that there is another side. It is the side on which most open-
minded employers can be found. Last year there were something like
25,000 collective bargaining agreements signed in this country. The over-
THE CARPENTER 17
whelming- majority of them were negotiated and signed peacefullv. In
nine plants out of ten there is understanding if not downright harmony
between the workers and the bosses. The sad thing is that these employ-
ers, being satisfied with their employe relations, feel no compulsion to
run to Congress to put in their dime's worth. On the other hand, the chisel-
lers and grifters whose constant aim is to get something for nothing out
of their employes as well as the general public cry their eyes out when
anything interferes with their plans for mulcting one and all.
Certainly the testimony of people who have been convicted of eA'ading
basic laws of the land should not carry much weight. However, these are
the very people who are now crying the loudest for anti-labor legislation.
From all this one fundamental truth can be drawn. It is true now and it
will still be true if a thousand new labor laws are passed. The truth is
that employers only get out of labor relations what they put into them.
If they put fairness and honesty into them, they get the same thing back.
If they try to chisel and evade, their labor relations are never satisfac-
tory. This sort of thing cannot be changed by law; for those who chisel
under one law will go on chiselling under another. And no one has yet
found a way of legislating peoples' thoughts and actions.
The Wrong End of the Telescope
Last month the Supreme Court of the United States handed down a
complicated decision in the case involving John L. Lewis and the Mine
Workers. The justices split a half dozen different ways on the questions
involved, but the ultimate answer was that the fines imposed on Lewis
and the Miners by the lower court should stand. Far and wide the news-
papers hailed the decision as some sort of a victory. For whom it was a
victory we are at the present writing unable to fathom.
Certainly it was no victory for the Miners. For indulging in their
supposedly fundamental right not to work when such work was odious,
they had a substantial fine levied against them. It was not a victory for
the mine owners, because they mine no coal with their gold-pointed pens
and ball-bearing swivel chairs, and unless coal is mined they make no
profits. Least of all was it a victory for the general public, because the
general public must have coal ; and in order to get coal, miners must work;
and in order for miners to work they must be given a square deal.
It was just "victories" of this sort during the last few decades that
lead to the current British coal crisis. Years of mistreatment of English
coal miners drove thousands of them from the pits. Their sons who nor-
mally would have kept the supply of miners up to par spurned the mines
for other forms of employment offering more attractions. Along about
the time the worst winds in twenty years were whipping down the British
Isles last winter the people suddenly woke up to the fact that they had a
coal crisis on their hands.
W e can one day run into the same sort of rude awakening in this coun-
try. In fact the groundwork is being laid for it right now. Congress can
pass laws ; the courts can hand down decisions ; the newspapers can write
IS THE CARPENTER
all the editorials they want, but if the miners do not get a fair shake the
coal is not going- to roll from the pits. Coal miners ire human beings.
"When, if, and as they determine that work in the coal mines does not draw
pay commensurate with the risk, skill, and effort involved, they are going
to turn to other fields. Their sons are not going to follow their fathers
into the pit and eventually an American coal "crisis" is going to develop.
Such a crisis has already developed in education. For fifty years we
neglected and ignored our teachers. Xow we are paying the penalty. The
shortage of teachers is seriously jeopardizing education and our schools.
The crisis developed despite the fact that there was no John L. Lewis
among the teachers, nor was there ioorT organization of teachers, such as
exists among the miners. The teachers simply found teaching unprofitable,
considering the education requirements, and demands made on them by
the teaching profession. They migrated to better paying fields. Xow we
are hastily trying to fit a lock to the barn door after the horse has wan-
dered to greener fields.
It is about time that Congress and the newspapers and the general
public stopped searching for ways of needling John L. Lewis and
started looking the coal problem in the face. L'nless the miners start
getting a square deal right now. disaster is bound to overtake us sooner or
later. It will not be John L.'s fault : it will not be the Miners' Union's
fault; it will be our own fault for neglecting the miners.
Those newspapers that have been gloating over the Supreme Court
decision as some sort of triumph over Lewis had better stop looking
through the wrong end of the telescope. Lewis is not the problem: the
problem is coal. It Avill not be solved by penalizing Lewis or slapping a
tine on the Miners' Union. It will be solved only when the men who
produce coal are given a square deal and rewards commensurate with the
risk, skill and tediousness involved in the work.
Now Is the Time to Start
November, 1948. may seem to be a long way off right now, but time has
a way of slipping by rapidly. \\ ithout a doubt the elections scheduled to
be held at that time will be the most important labor has faced since the
Civil War. The Halls of Congress as well as most State Legislatures are
today packed with more anti-union representatives than they have been
in a long, long time. If more of the same are elected next year, wages and
working conditions will be hard to maintain. Many of our elected officials
today are sympathetic and sincere toward labor. However, they are fight-
ing an uphill fight. If they get more opposition after the next election
their hands will be tied.
Effective political action must be planned beforehand. Now is the time
for all of us to start laying our plans for November. 1948. We must watch
the voting records of men now serving. We must analyze and assay the
qualifications of new men coming up. When election time comes we must
be in a position to "help our friends and defeat our enemies,'" as the Fed-
eration has always preached.
19
BOARD MEMBER CHAS. JOHNSON IS OLD TIMER
When on April 5 the duly elected officers of our Brotherhood took the
oath of office for the forthcoming term only one new face was present.
Brother Charles Johnson of New York was installed as General Executive
Board member from the First District, a position he had been filling by
appointment since Brother Guerin's death created a vacancy.
To the union men and the labor movement of the Eastern Seaboard,
Brother Johnson needs no introduction. Long an active worker in Build-
ing Trades circles of New York, his wisdom and initiative have been
utilized in many capacities. He has played a prominent part in many
movements for better wages and working conditions for those who earn
their livelihoods in the Building Trades. His friendliness, sincerity, and
willingness to cooperate have made him many friends in all walks of life
in his native state.
Brother Johnson comes from a fine union family. His father, Charles
Johnson, Sr., who recently passed away, was one of the pioneer union
builders of New York City. Like his father, Brother Johnson entered the
labor movement early and rose rapidly to positions of trust.
Chas. Johnson was born in New York City, November 18, 1895. He
followed the trade of dock building and became a member of the old In-
dependent Dock Builders Benevolent Union of New York City, which
had been in existence for a number of years. He became a member of the
Brotherhood when that organization affiliated with the United Brother-
hood in January, 1914, and was given Local Union Charter No. 1456, and
he has been active in the Labor Movement ever since.
In July, I922*he was elected President and Business Agent of Local
Union No. 1456 and has filled those positions ever since.
In 1933 and 1934 he acted as President pro tern of the Building Trades
Council of New York City.
At the present time he is Secretary of the Joint Labor Committee on
heavy construction and railroad work of New York City.
He represented Local Union 1456 at the 1924 General Convention of the
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, held in In-
dianapolis, Indiana.
He also represented that same Local Union at the General Conventions
of the Brotherhood held in Lakeland, Florida, in 1928, 1936, 1940 and 1946.
After a vacancy occurred on the General Executive Board First Dis-
trict, the General President appointed him to that position and the Gen-
eral Executive Board approved the appointment.
At the Twenty-fifth General Convention held in Lakeland, Florida, in
April, 1946, he was nominated for member of the General Executive Board
for the First District, and as the other candidate for that position with-
drew he had no opposition.
Official Information
, i .. i
- ,,. ;:„i„im i.,^
General Officers of
THE EXITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
Qinebal Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building. Indianapolis. Ind.
First General Yice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Yice-Presidewt
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretart
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolii. Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building. Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District. CHARLES JOHNSON
111 E. 22nd St.. New York 10, N. T.
Fifth District. R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page. Dallas. Texas
Second District. WM. J. KELLT
Carpenters' Bid.. 243 4th Are.. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District. A. W. MUIR
Box 1168. Santa Barbara. Calif.
Third District. HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave.. Cleveland, O.
Seventh District. ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District. ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St., Florence. S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary.
Notice to Recording Secretaries
The quarterly circular for the months of April, May and June, 1947,
containing the quarterly password, has been forwarded to all Local
Unions of the United Brotherhood. Recording Secretaries not in receipt
of this circular should notify Frank Duffy, Carpenters' Building, Indian-
apolis, Indiana.
1378 Scranton. Pa.
1385 Bainbridge. Ga.
2733 Kountze. Texas
1390 Dover. X. J.
1395 Pittsfield. 111.
2 73 6 Klamath Falls. Oreg.
1407 San Pedro, Calif.
1409 Sault Ste. Marie. Ont.. Can
1410 Fort Francis. Ont., Can.
1413 Pine Bluff. Ark.
1415 New Ulm. Minn.
142 4 Marysville. Ohio
2742 W. Summer-land. B. C. Can.
276S Kelowna, B. C. Can.
NEW CHARTERS ISSUED
142 7 Sussex, X. B.. Can.
1454 Cincinnati. Ohio
2771 Rutland, B. C. Can
1442
Atlanta, Ga.
1460 Healdsburg, Calif.
14 75 Chattanooga. Tenn.
14S1 South Bend. Ind.
1482 Canton and Vicinity, Ohio
1506 Gait. Ont.. Can.
2789 Areata. Calif.
2 79 2 Klamath. Calif.
1510 Charleston, S. C.
2 79 5 Hayfork, Calif.
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more.
%£&t in Tj^t&zt
The Editor has been requested to publish the name*
at the following Brothers who have passed awmy.
Brother WALTER BARNES, Local No. 1296, San Diego, Calif.
Brother JOHN BERNER, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother JOSEPH D. BOULANGER, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother C. S. BUTRIDGE, Local No. 197, Sherman, Texas.
Brother GEORGE CANN, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother WALTER CLIFFORD, Local No. 249, Kingston, Ont., Can.
Brother RICHARD CODERRE, Local No. 177, Springfield, Mass.
Brother EDWARD G. FOWLER, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother WILLIAM FRANCIS, Local No. 249, Kingston, Ont., Can.
Brother EARL THOMAS FRATUS, Local No. 229, Glens Falls, N. Y.
Brother WILLIAM E. GIBSON, Local No. 249, Kingston, Ont., Can.
Brother GEORGE F. GRAHAM, Local No. 94, Providence, R. I.
Brother MILES HASSELL, Local No. 94, Providence, R. I.
Brother G. E. HOGAN, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother CHARLES H. JOHNSON, Local No. 1921, Hemstead, L. I., N. Y.
Brother ISRAEL KALMAN, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother JOHN KINGSTON, Local No. 249, Kingston, Ont., Can.
Brother ERNEST KUNBERGER, Local No. 538, Concord, N. H.
Brother ALBIN L. LUNDGREN, Local No. 34, San Francisco, Calif.
Brother JOHN L. LUNDSTROM, Local No. 1130, Titusville, Pa.
Brother CHARLES McINTYRE, Local No. 177, Springfield, Mass.
Brother ALBERT MILLER, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother GEORGE M. MOHR, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother C. W. MOREL AND, Local No. 1296, San Diego, Calif.
Brother JAMES MURPHY, Local No. 740, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother PHILLIP MURPHY Local No 13, Chicago, 111.
Brother JOHN V. MYERS, Local No. 284, Jamaica, N. Y.
Brother ANTHONY NAWVICHIK, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother ANTHONY NUSE, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother B. L. PATRICK, Local No. 1130, Titusville, Pa.
Brother J. W. PORTER, Local 3, Wheeling, W. Va.
Brother J. B. SHOULTS, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother HAYS STEPHENS, Local No. 1335, Wilmington, Calif.
Brother FRED W. STRAUSS, Local No. 366, Bronx, N. Y.
Brother JOHN H. STRONG, Local No. 487, Linton, Ind.
Brother WILFRED TESSIER, Local No. 94, Providence, R. I.
Brother HOWARD VAN ORDEN, Local No. 429, Montclair, N. J.
Brother PHILIP J. WIRZBURGER, Local No. 1035, Taunton, Mass.
Brother EDWARD WYNN, Local No. 1335, Wilmington, Calif.
CorrQspondQnco
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
New $150,000 Debt-Free Home
Recently Local Union No. 1723 of Columbus, Georgia, dedicated its new, debt-
free $150,000 home. With justifiable pride the Local Union showed off its mag-
nificent new headquarters to the citizens of Columbus. However, the proudest
individuals in the Union were J. R. Sweat, T. M. Mickelson, J. D. Lundy, L. E.
Koon, and M. Shipp, the members of the committee who made possible this fine
achievement. Ten years ago the Union set up this five-man committee to devise
ways and means of providing a new home for the group. A few weeks ago they
stood on the steps of the fine building pictured above and watched the finishing
touches of the dream come true.
The new home of Local Union No. 172 3 has a fine big auditorium, two smaller
meeting halls, a large recreation hall for the enjoyment of members and a large
parking lot in the rear. All woodwork is red gum and the meeting halls have
indirect lighting and are finished with acoustical plaster.
Thirty-two organizations are now renting from Local Union No. 1723 which
is realizing a return of approximately $1,200 per month from its investment. All
this is certainly an achievement fo which the officers and members of Local Union
No. 1723 can be extremely proud.
LOCAL UNION XO. 1596 CELEBRATES DIAMOND JUBILEE
Winding up seventy-five years of continuous organization, Local Union No.
159 6 of St. Louis on February 15 celebrated its Diamond Jubilee. It was in the
year 1871 — ten years before the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
THE CARPENTER 23
of America was born — that the cabinet workers of St. Louis brought into existence
the organization now known as Local Union No. 159 6. Ever since they have played
an important part in the progress of the United Brotherhood. On the night of
February .15 fitting, tribute was paid to all the old timers who gave so much to
build both Local Union No. 159 6 and the United Brotherhood.
Brother George Ottens represented the General President, and delivered a
very inspiring address. He was extremely eloquent in praising the work of the old
timers who pioneered the labor movement in the early days. He then presented
to twenty-six of the old timers who showed a membership record of fifty years
or more in the local, a Certificate of Honor and a souvenir billfold as a token of
appreciation from the Local Union for the splendid service which these members
performed for the Local in the early days of its existence. The speaking program
was followed by dancing and refreshments. It is significant to note that the
celebration was held in the fine, big building owned by the Carpenters District
Council, with its mahogany paneled walls, whereas the first meeting was held in
the back room of a tavern.
The Local held its first meeting on December 8, 1871, and was known as
"Schreiner-Arbeiter Schutz-Verin von St. Louis," (Furniture Workers' Protective
Union) and it affiliated itself with the Amalgamated Woodworkers' Society. In
1903 the membership voted to affiliate with the United Brotherhood. The minutes
of each meeting have been carefully preserved and they show a continuous or-
ganization from the date of its first meeting.
: • :
A FINE THREE-GENERATION TEAM
Local Union No. 899, Parkersburg, W. Va., boasts of a unique three-generation
team of union members. There are no better union men anywhere than the three
members of the Gates family who hold membership in Local 899. They are:
Issac Gates, the grandfather; C. E. Gates,
the son; and William L. Gates, the grand-
son.
Isaac Gates and his son, C. E. Gates,
were initiated into Local Union No. 899
on September 2 4, 1919. Thirty-seven
years later, on September 17, 1946, to
be exact, grandson William L. Gates was
initiated into the union.
Grandfather Isaac Gates is still active in his work, although he finds it im-
possible to attend union meetings as religiously as he did for many years. C. E.
Gates, the son, has always been vei'y active in the affairs of the Local. He has
held every office in the Local from two to six years. For the past four years he
has been capably filling the office of treasurer. He seldom misses a meeting and
is never too tired or too busy to serve his Union when necessity demand it.
William L. Gates, the grandson, served three years- in the United States Navy.
After being honorably discharged, he decided to take up the profession of car-
pentry, which he is learning under the supervision of his father.
TRI-CITIES COUNCIL HONORS GRADUATE APPRENTICES
Diplomas for completing four-year on-the-job apprenticeship training courses
were issued to seven members at the January 2 9 meeting of the Tri-City Car-
penters District Council held at Rock Island, Illinois. Those receiving diplomas
qualifying them as journeymen carpenters were: Kenneth Winter, Rock Island;
Donald Covemaker and William Covemaker of Moline; Richard L. Sharp, Reynolds;
James and Raymond Wells, Davenport; and Delmar C. Bell, Rapids City. Several
invited speakers touched on the importance of apprenticship training, following
which refreshments were served.
It was announced that sixty apprentices are now engaged in on-the-job training
in the area — practically all of them veterans.
24 THE CARPENTER
GOVERNOR HONORS MASSACHUSETTS MEMBER
Recently Robert F. Bradford, Governor of Massachusetts, paid a signal honor
to Brother Sidney Smith, former secretary of the Boston District Council, when
he named Brother Smith as a member of the State Board of Housing. The ap-
pointment of Brother Smith to the important office is a recognition of the fine
work he and the Boston District Council have done in the apprenticeship training
program. Both are entitled to hearty congratulations.
CHARTER MEMBER OF BROTHERHOOD PASSES AWAY
When the Grim Reaper struck down Brother
John Sthulfath on January 9, our Brotherhood
lost our longest time member. Brother Sthulfatb
was already a member of a carpenters' union
when the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and
Joiners of America was born in Chicago in 1881.
In fact his organization sent six men to the
Chicago convention which gave birth to the United
Brotherhood. Brother Sthulfath has been a mem-
ber ever since the organization came into exist-
ence.
Brother Sthulfath was a member of Local
Union No. 224, of Cincinnati, Ohio, at the time
of his demise. In April of 18 81 he first became a member of the Benevo-
lent Organization of Carpenters of the State of Ohio. This organization
was the outgrowth of "Casinos," of which there were three in and around Cin-
cinnati. Total membership was about thirty men. Although it was originally
known as Local Union No. 1, the Cincinnati union became Local No. 2 after the
Chicago convention set up the Brotherhood. In later years when organizing
work was expanding the Brotherhood in the Cincinnati territory, Brother Sthulfath
joined Local Union No. 6 76 at Corryville. This Local eventually consolidated with
Local 2 24 where he has held membership ever since.
Just before his death, Brother Sthulfath wrote a short history of organizing
aptivities in the early days in and around his beloved home city. He recalled that
wages in 1881 were twenty cents per hour and the standard work week consisted
of six ten-hour days. He reviewed the long struggle that preceded the establish-
ment of the eight-hour day, and he paid special tribute to. the old timers who
pioneered organization against many odds.
In Sthulfath's passing, Local No. 224 and the entire Brotherhood lost a mem-
ber whose loyalty and honesty have been a constant source of inspiration. Through
sixty-five years of service he proved himself to be a union man to the core.
BAY COUNTIES BROTHER HONORED
Earl Warren, Governor of California, on February 25, 1947, appointed William
P. Kelly Commmissioner on the California Apprenticeship Council. Brother Kelly
is Apprenticeship Coordinator for the Bay Counties District Council of Carpenters.
The Governor thereby gave due recognition to the work of the Bay Counties
District Council of Carpenters in promoting apprenticeship training in the carpen-
try craft.
At the present time there are approximately 2500 apprentices under training
in the Bay Counties area of whom veterans are about 90%. There are in opera-
tion, at the present time, 36 carpentry classes, 11 millcabinet classes, and 3 ship-
wright and joiner classes, with many apprentices unable to attend classes because of
the lack of teachers.
In cooperation with the California State Department of Education, a course of
training is being developed, part of which is already completed and being used
in classes.
THE CARPENTER 25
OWEN SOUND HOLDS FIRST ANNUAL BANQUET
Local No. 2050, Owen Sound, Ontario, on January 22 held its first annual
banquet for members and their wives. Turkey with all the trimmings headed the
menu. Chairman J. Vanos gave a short speech of welcome and both Local Union
President H. R. Robinson and past president E. Shipley added enjoyment to the
evening by making a few appropriate remarks.
The evening wound up with a euchre tournament and everybody present had a
grand time.
IDAHO FALLS LOCAL CELEBRATES BIRTHDAY
On January 25, Local 609 of Idaho Falls, Idaho held its anual banquet in the
Idaho Falls Armory. About 250 carpenters and their guests were present for this
annual party of Local Union 609 of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and
Joiners of America.
Brother Joshua T. Evans acted as toastmaster for the evening while President
Cecil Stalker presided. Among the guests introduced during the course of the
evening were Mayor E. W. Fanning, L. E. Stalker, architect and newly elected
president of the Idaho Society of Engineers; and M. C. Larson, Secretary of the
Pocatello Building and Construction Trades Council of Pocatello, Idaho. There
were also representatives of several other Pocatello unions present.
A surprise program was enjoyed by all. It was put on by the members of the
Eastern Idaho Progressive Society for the Blind. The program included several
musical numbers, as well as an interesting talk by F. B. Kinney, Eastern Idaho
home teacher for the blind.
A delicious dinner was served by the Seventh LDS Ward Relief Society. Fol-
lowing the dinner, the remainder of the evening was spent with the couples danc-
ing to the music of Nelson's orchestra. A good time was had by all.
DAVENPORT LOCAL HAS PARTY AND HONORS OLD MEMBER
Carpenters' Local Union No. 4, Davenport, Iowa, holds meetings on the 1st
and 3rd Mondays of each month. Monday night, January 20, 1947, the regular
meeting was held and business transacted in the usual manner, but when the
meeting was over luncheon and refreshments were served by a committee who
received sincere thanks for a job well done. A musician was on hand with an
accordion. Those present had a wonderful time.
The party was really held with the idea in mind to honor an old member of the
Local with an enviable record. He is: Otto Haase, born October 15. 18 71, joined
Davenport Local No. 554, October 6th, 1891, has never been in arrears and
helped organize Local No. 241 of Moline, Illinois. At that time we had two
Local Unions in Davenport, 554 and 12 72. The two Locals merged in 1912 or
1913 and Local No. 4 was the result.
A DISTINGUISHED LIST OF OLD TIMERS
With eleven members on its rolls each of whom boasts more than fifty years
of continuous membership in our Brotherhood, Local Union 488 of New York City
is proud of its distinguished list of old timers. Between them, these old timers
represent 5 82 years of continuous membership in our organization. At its De-
cember 2 3 meeting, Local No. 488 celebrated the thirtieth anniversary of the
granting of its charter, and a special tribute was paid to these old timers who
have contributed so much to the building of not only Local No. 48 8 but the United
Brotherhood as well.
Following are the members of Local 488 holding fifty or more years of continu-
ous membership: General Secretary Frank Duffy, 51 years; John Anderson. 50
years; Gus Johnson, 55 years; George Grimm, 50 years; Harry P. Eilert, 5 4 years:
George Ruelius, 6 2 years; Peter Christiansen, 50 years; John Werner Johnson.
50 years; Gus Yoerges, 50 years; Theodore Fuchs. 51 years; and Max Bunzel, 51
years.
WORDS OF WISDOM
The Editor:
I wonder if all carpenters' ladies read "To the Ladies" before they turn "The
Carpenter" over to its rightful owner, as I do. It is in hopes of reaching the
ladies who do not have a Ladies' Auxiliary to their Local that I am writing.
If you organize an Auxiliary you will know what I mean. The benefits are
too numerous to mention, not the least of which is bringing sincere, straight
thinking family men out to local meetings.
It is the custom to hold our meetings the same evening the Local meets, and at
least once a month the meetings are followed by a social hour. It forms a
closer bond of fellowship among the brothers and our men soon become the
hardest workers for a stronger, better Local. Ladies with interests in common
become acquainted and are unusually congenial and happy in their asociation.
You will realize the importance of union men paying their dues promptly
to receive its benefits, and will not resent the time and effort they spend on union
work.
After you are organized you will learn of ways to help all organized labor
and feel you are a part of the biggest and finest movement of all times.
We who are members are very happy and proud to be.
Sincere greetings to all Carpenters' ladies from our beautiful North West.
Fraternally yours,
Mrs. Gladys Weirman,
^ Washington State President,
Ladies' Auxiliaries, U. B. of C. and J.
AX INVITATION TO VISIT VENICE, CALIFORNIA
The Editor:
The members of Ladies' Auxiliary No. 400, Venice, Calif., would like to extend
an invitation to any sister auxiliary member to visit us on our meeting night.
We hold one business meeting a month and one social meeting.
Although we are not considered a large group, we have done many things.
Last Thanksgiving we held our annual Thanksgiving dinner for the members
and their families. During Christmas week we held a Christmas party among the
members, at which time we gathered a large basket of fruits and canned juices
to take to one of Local No. 1052's members who has been in the hospital for the
past three years. We also had a white elephane gift sale and the money went
into our Sunshine Fund. This last year our Christmas donation went to the Salva-
tion Army.
I'm sure if any of you drop in on us you will find our articles that we read at
each meeting of amusement and enjoyment, along with our pot luck lunch social.
Our business meetings are held on the first Wednesday of the month and our
social meetings on the third Wednesday of each month. You will find our Presi-
dent, Mrs. Phyllis Rose always on hand to greet you, along with our other officers
and members.
Fraternally yours,
EVELYN DE CLERCK,
Recording Secretary.
Craft Probloms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 223
By H. H. Siegele
America would not be what she is to-
lay, if it had not been for the part
ing perhaps in isolated localities) made
it possible for settlements to spring up
along the frontiers, because with it the
pioneers were able to build substantial
buildings for shelter and for protection
against Indian raids; for a well-built
log house in those days was a veritable
fortress, often saving the lives of whole
settlements.
. Fig. 1 is a drawing made from mem-
ory of a broad ax that this writer used
while he was still under his father's
rooftree. It was among the first carpen-
ter tools, if not the first, that he used
in connection with building. Not many
tools are necessary to build a log build-
played in her pioneer days by the broad
ax. This tools (obsolete today, except-
28
THE CARPENTER
ing. The first of these is a common ax.
for felling trees and chipping the logs
for hewing. The second is the broad
ax -with which the hewing is done. A
cross-cut saw is used for cutting the
ends of the logs. These three tools are
all that are needed for framing a log
Fig. 3
house up to the roof, so far as the
woodwork is concerned. The rafters are
made of round timbers or poles with one
hewed straight side. The bird's mouth
(which looked like a real bird's mouth)
•usually was cut with the ax, also the
comb cut. The hand-made shingles
were split out and were rather long,
compared with present-day shingles.
Light timbers with one hewed straight
side were fastened to the rafters, onto
which the shingles were nailed. The
cracks between the logs, or chinks, as
they were called, were closed with stiff
clay mud, reinforced with straw. The
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
BUILDING TRADES D ICTIONARY.— Has 380 p.
670 il.. and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
QUICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
BUILDING.— Has 210 p. and 495 U.. covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
framing, and other subjects. $2.50.
CARPENTRY.— Has 302 p., 754 it. covering general
house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
i The above books support one another. )
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry, 64 pages, brown
cloth binding and two-color title page. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS.— The prose companion of
Twights of Thought. Illustrated. Cloth. Only $1.00.
Poitire prepaid when money aceompanlei the order.
Order u u ciCrffl C 222 So. Const. St.
today. "■ "■ 5!t^tLt Emporia, Kansa.
FREE— With 2 books, Pushing Buttons free; with 3
books, Twigs of Thought and Pushing Buttons free
with 4 books, 3 $1.00 books free— books autographed.
chinks were filled up flush -with the
surface of the log walls. The interior
was usually whitewashed, while the ex-
terior was either whitewashed or left
in its original state.
A great many carpenters of today
hardly know what a broad ax is, and
perhaps have never seen real hewing.
This is particularly true of the younger
men. Fig. 2 brings out enough on this
.subject to prepare any carpenter for
hewing, should he find himself in an
isolated place where he would have to
hew with a broad ax. The illustration
shows the logs sawed on one end, but
in practice the logs are left just as they
fall; in fact, the felling of trees is
planned so that they will be in the right
position for hewing when on the ground.
The first thing the hewer does is to
determine how much has to be hewed off
in order to keep the heart of the tree
as nearly at the center of the hewed
timber as possible. Then he strikes a
chalk line, as indicated by the heavy
line pointed out on the drawing. The
man shown to the right is in position
for chopping off the surplus wood. He
has in his hands a double-bit ax, which
was commonly used a half a century
ago and still is in common use. The
section between C and C is split off to
the lines pointed out with indicators,
which should leave at least i., -inch of
Fig. 4
wood for the hewer to take off with the
broad ax. The chopper chips this %-
inch of wood with the ax to the depth of
the hewing line. Then he proceeds to
chop off and chip section after section
ahead of the hewer, who follows up
about as shown to the left. The broad
ax shown is in about the right position
for hewing. The dotted linue indicates
that the handle is bent in order to give
the hewer knuckle room. This is also
shown by dotted line in Fig. 1
At A is shown a chipped slab that is
being hewed off. At B another chipped
slab is started, which will be hewed off
after the slab marked A is off. In this
THE CARPENTER
29
manner the hewer works until he has
one side of the timber hewed, and then
starts on the other side. A good hewer
in pioneer days would move right along
with a broad ax, splitting a chalk line
from one end to the other — that is, he
would hew off one-half of the line and
leave the other half on the timber.
At D, to the left, is shown how the
size of the timber to be hewed out was
often marked on the end of the log,
and by a heavy line is indicated the
chalk line's relationship to the mark.
At E is shown a part of the timber hew-
ed on four sides. The short curved lines
indicate cuts with the ax when the chip-
ping was done, which always show up
on hewed work.
Fig. 5
Fig. 3 shows by the upper drawing a
a lathing hatchet, and by the bottom
drawing a shingling hatchet. Most car-
penters, however, use the hatchet shown
at the top for both lathing and shin-
gling. In fact, that hatchet is commonly
called a shingling hatchet. The one
shown at the bottom, is not used a great
deal for shingling, so far as this writer
has been able to observe.
Fig. 4 shows to the left two edge
views and a side view of the bit of a
lathing hatchet, and to the right the
same views of a shingling hatchet bit.
:The edge view at a of each drawing
shows the grinding for general use. At
b is shown a hollow grinding, that is
suitable only for soft wood, when there
is no danger of hitting nails.
Fig. 5 shows at the top a claw
hatchet, seldom used by carpenters, and
at the bottom, what is called a broad
hatchet, commonly known as a hand ax.
Fig. 6 shows at the top a half hatchet,
which gives good service, and at the bot-
tom a flooring hatchet. TIip design of
this hatchet makes it especially suitable
Fig. 6
for laying flooring — it is also used as a
hand ax.
Fig. 7 shows to the left two edge
views and a side view of a bit that repre-
sents both of the hatchets shown in Fig.
Fig.
6. At a is shown a grinding bevel suit-
able for general use, and at b a hollow
grinding suitable for use in soft wood.
IF YOU ARE A CARPENTER
and have some experience in lumber YOU CAN LEARN
to ESTIMATE CARPENTER WORK in a surprisingly
short time. Forty-seven years experience in lumbering
and Genera! construction brings to light new born meth-
ods, such as grading labor on lumber and other items
to prevent the estimator, or contractor from serious hid-
den disaster until you have used grading labor or
lumber you will still be in the dark. Haying some ex-
perience in lumber, that is the place to start. The rest
will ccme much easier after gaining a sound footing.
These new born methods will give the answers, from
farm buildings to skyscraper, homes, remodeling, re-
pairs, wrecking, etc.,
A postcard, with your name and address and your ex-
perience, will bring you the opportrnity to make your
dreams come true. By return mail you will receive
your FIRST LESSON FREE, no obligation.
E. AV. HOFFXER
3319 N. Clark St. Chicago 13, 111.
30
THE CARPENTER
when there is no danger of hitting nails.
To the right are shown, A, a sample of
what happens when the edge ground as
shown at a is damaged by hitting nails,
and B, what happens when the edge
ground as shown at b is damaged in the
same way. Compare what is shown at
A with that at B.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8 shows a rig builder's hatchet.
This hatchet has a longer handle than
the ordinary hatchet, and is used ex-
tensively by floor layers. Not only is it
an excellent tools for laying flooring, but
it gives good results as a hand ax.
WANTS TO KNOW
A brother wants to know the right
way to fit joists to I beams. He made
pencil sketches of a few ways that he
has seen and wants me to tell him which
is right.
Fig. 1 shows a joist fit to an I beam,
that at first glance looks all right. But
it is wrong. At point A there is not
enough play. The two points indicated
at B are as they should be. Fig. 2 shows
what will happen when the joist shown
in Fig. 1 shrinks in seasoning. The lug
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
at A will hug the I beam, as shown. The
upper point indicated at B will be just
$1.2o with 7 Blades ^t^fT/^ CARPENTERS
cC Demand the Best The Genuine
F. P. M. SAWS AND BLADES
The Saw of Superior Quality with a National Reputation. Manu-
factured by a member of U. B. of C. & J. of A. Xo. 1.
If your dealer does not handle, write direct to me.
F. P. MAXSON, Sole Manufacturer
3722 N. Ashland Ave. CHICAGO, ILL
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
ii,
THEY HAVE ~
OUR CHART Blueprint 27" X 36"
"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
to find lengths of any rafter and make its cuts;
find any angle in degrees; frame any polygon 3 to
16 sides, and cut its mitres; read board feet rafter
and brace tables, octagon scale. Gives other valu-
able information. Also includes Starting Key and
Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and cuts
into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides, makes about
13 sguare feet of printed data showing squares full size.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
rafter having a run of from 2 to 23 feet; longer lengths are
found by doubling. Covers 17 different pitches. Shows lengths
of hips and valleys, commons, jacks, and gives the euts for
each pitch, also the angle in degrees and minutes. Fastest
method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
who can read numbers can use it. NOT A SLIDE RULE but
a Slide Calculator designed especially for Carpenters, Con-
tractors and Architects. Thousands in use. Price §2. 90
postpaid, Check or M. 0., no stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St., Div. 3, Kalamazoo 81. Mich.
about as it was when the joist was
placed, but the joint at the bottom will
be wide open, which is bad. Fig. 3
shows what will happen when a heavy
load conies on the floor. The point in-
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Fig. 3
dicated at A is bad, but what the upper
arrow at B points out is much worse.
The joint at the bottom in this illus-
tration is what it should be.
Learn to draw plans, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely illustrated books cover subjects that will help you
to get more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, air-condl-
tloning. concrete forms and many other subjects are Included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books are
the most up-to-
date and complete
we have ever pub-
lished on these
many subjects.
Examination
BETTER JOBS -- BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom Is In full
•wing and trained men are needed.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. These books sup-
ply quick, easily understood training and
handy, permanent reference Information
lhat helps solve building problems.
Coupon Bring* Eight Big Books For
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers since 1898
Dept. G436 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37. III.
Tou may ship me the Up-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and if fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you.
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34.80 is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Fig. 4
How the end of the joist should have
been framed in the first place is shown
by Fig. 4. Here there is plenty space
Nam* „
Address
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name end
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men in service, also give home address.
The SAW
For Every
Carpenter
MODEL 60
JtQMSkw
Fig. 5
for shrinkage at point A, and point B
is only slightly open. Fig. 5, A and B,
show what will happen when the joist
shrinks. The bottom joint still is as it
originally was.
Carpenters throughout the country okay the Model
60 MALLSAW. Inexpensively priced— it provides an
all-around saw for cross-cutting or ripping rough or
dressed lumber, grooving mortar joints, or cutting
and scoring tile, limestone, concrete and other ag-
gregate compositions. Comes complete with com-
bination cross-cut and rip blade— ready to plug into
any regular electrical outlet.
Watch for our ad in the April 5 issue of The Satur-
day Evening Post. It features the Model 60 MallSaw
. . . illustrates its uses . . . lists its price.
Ask your Hardware Dealer or write direct.
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
"A SuhJuftwrw*
For Fastenings In
Hollow Material
PAIN
"Toggle Bolts
Get a firm grip in hollow material with
Paine Toggle Bolts. They are easy to
insert— will not pull out or work loose. A
variety of sizes (Vb" to V2" in diam.) and head
styles allow a wide range of uses.
Ask Your Hardware Dealer or Write for Catalog.
THE PAINE CO.
2967 Carroll Ave. Chicago, Illinois
Offices in Principal Cities
PAIME
FASTENING
and HANGING
DEVICES
Customer: "That's a
beautiful job. Pete."
Pete: "Yes. you
rant beat the Foley
for turning out a
perfect rutting saw.
Business
With the Foley Automatic Saw
Filer you can put yourself into a fine cash
business with steady customers and make a good living. The
Foley automatically joints the saw. making all teeth even
in size, shape, spacing. The Foley is the only machine
that files nil hand saws, also band and cross-cut circular
saws.
SEND FOR FREE PLAN— Shows how to start
a saw repair shop. Xo canvassing. Send cou-
pon today.
FOLEY^fe*^ SAW FILER &
k Ffll FV MFC fill 4I8-7 Fo,ey Bldfl-
^ ruLcr mm. i/U.Minneap0|is 13. Minn.
t. Send Free Plan on Saw Filing business — no
l obligation.
k Name
V Address
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BOWL BETTER
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MINERALITE
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BOWLING
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THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER CO.
Branches in all Principal Cities
Specializing in
The
MASTER CHAMPION
• Lawn Mower
Sharpening- Machine
•■ Saw Sharpening
Machine
• Key Machine
Phone LUcas 6929
FRANK'S MANUFACTURING CO.
2501-3-5 E. Imperial Highway Los Angeles 2, Cal.
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
BOX RATCHET
Smooth-working
— operated by a
sleeve ling.
SHORTER CHUCK
Heavy duty shell.
Accurately ma-
chined inside and
UNIVERSAL JAWS
Forged, coined
and hardened to
insure perfect
centering ot bits
and drills.
STANLEY]
HARDWARE- HAND TOOLS ■ ELECTRIC TOOLS
At present we are unable to produce
Lee (Union-Made) Carpenters' Over-
alls because:
1.
2.
We are unable to secure the
top quality, special woven ma-
terial that goes into every pair
of Lee Carpenters' Overalls.
There are not enough skilled
operators available at present
to keep our five Lee factories
busy.
Lee Carpenters' Overalls will again be
available when we can obtain the
best quality material and when we
have sufficient skilled Union Opera-
tors to man the machines in the five
great Lee factories.
Lee is the Largest Manufacturer of
UNION-MADE Work Clothing in the World
THE H. D. LEE CO.
Kansas City, Mo. Minneapolis, Minn.
Trenton, N. J. San Francisco, Cal.
South Bend, Ind. Salina, Kans.
AUDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
[4vols.*6
Inside Trade Information)
for Carpenters. Builders. Join-
ers, Building Mechanics and)
all Woodworkers. Thesa
Guides give you the ahort-cut
instructions that you want—
including new methods, ideas,
solutions, plana, ey stems and!
om-y ■
sy pi
ing augges1
.An
for the
Lice and student. A
i.l daily helper and
Carpenters
the.
ery-
Cuides
Inside Trade Information On:
as a Helping Hand to Easier
Work. Better Work and Bet-
ter Pay. To get this asaiat-
ance for yourself. simply fill
in and mail the FREE COU-
PON below.
How to' use the steel square — How to file and set
saws — How to build furniture— How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — Plow to use
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems — Es-
timating strength of timbers — How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate-1—How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on the
steel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds —
skylights — How to .build stairs — How to put on
interior trim — How to han« doors — How to lath —
lay floors — How *-o paint
THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City
Mail Audele Carpenter* and Builders Guide:
I will remit Jl in 7 days, and $1 monthly until $
No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Occupation.
Rderecco . .
CAR
DOORS of INSTANT ACTION
# Doors giving instant, trouble-free service are
essential to efficiency in business and industrial
structures. The "OVERHEAD DOOR" with the
Miracle Wedge, built from quality materials and
expertly engineered, provides this indispensable
service. The weathertight Miracle Wedge, full-float-
ing ball bearing rollers and accurate counterbalanc-
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opening or closing. The "OVERHEAD DOOR" is
manufactured as a complete unit for residential,
commercial and industrial use. Specify this quality-
built, all-purpose door!
TRACKS AND HARDWARE OF SALT SPRAY STEEL
MIRACLE WEDGE
OVERHEAD DOOR CORPORATION . Hertford City, Indiana, U.S. A.
rHE
MPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
MAY, 19 4 7
SPRING CLEANING
National Labor Service
TCUP^
^^"^T-PY 10 CARPENTERS
EE« I« V'own.h °f
DISSTON HAND^AWS^ - •
'*f-i
"^ mm
||C
lN a recent survey among thousands of
carpenters, in all parts of the country, 92 out
of every 100 reported they own Disston saws.
The reasons they give for this outstanding
preference include all the features that make a
top quality saw. For instance, to quote a few:
• "The Disston hand saw stays sharp
longer and holds a better set."
# "Disston saws are made of better
steel."
O "You cannot beat a Disston saw for
good clean cutting and long life."
Disston makes a complete line of saws for the
carpenter. A widespread favorite of carpenters
is the Disston D-8 illustrated and briefly
described here.
BTABUWEP 1MB
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DISSTON D-8
Medium weight, Skew-back pattern. Made in 20-inch 10 points cross-cut; 24-inch 8 and
10 points cross-cut; 26-inch 7, 8, 10 and 11 points cross-cut; and 5V2 points rip.
Ask your hardware retailer for
a FREE copy of the Disston
Saw, Tool and File Manual,
or write to us direct.
HENRY DISSTON & SONS, INC.
504 Tacony, Philadelphia 35, Pa., U.S.A.
The saw most Carpenters use
THedePOCTCR
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
VoL LXVII — No. 5
INDIANAPOLIS, MAY, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents —
It's Here - 5
For the average American worker inflation and an economic breakdown are not
something to think about or fear at some future date; they are both staring him in the
face right now. At the bottom of it all lies plain greed on the part of Big Business.
A Tribute to Uncle Bob 7
Jim Barrett, a life-long friend and colleague of the late Bob Wyler, pens a well-
earned and touching tribute to the fighting Kentuckian who spent his lifetime promoting
the welfare of organized labor in general and the United Brotherhood of Carpenters
and Joiners in specific.
Texas City Local Hard Hit
10
The blazing inferno which laid waste the thriving Texas community took a terriffic
toll among the membership of Local 973.
General Executive Board Minutes
11
In a rather lengthy meeting the General Executive Board disposes of many matters
of vital importance to the future and welfare of our Brotherhood.
• • •
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
In Memoriam
Correspondence
Craft Problems -
2G
27
28
Index to Advertisers -
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917. authorized on July 8. 1918.
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
Hand Pressure
Con t jtol q
w
MallDrills will not stall
under pressure . . . heat
up under load . . . nor re-
quire lubrication under
continuous use. A trig-
ger switch releases more
than enough torque to
drill wood, metal or
plastics. Easily and
quickly serviced. Five powerful models
— W" (in two speeds), %", 5/16" and
J/2 " capacities provide a size and type
for every drilling job.
Ask your Hardware Dealer or write direct.
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
See our advertisement in The Saturday Evening Post
May 10th issue
ON-THE-JOB POCKET K
This new »nd revised edition of Carpenters and Builders' Practical Kules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out octagons, ellipses, roofs,
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
of length, etc. — also, rules for kerfing, drafting gable molding, getting the axis of a
segment, laying off gambrel roof and explaining the steel square.
"For ready reference carry .. ..... . .
this convenient 50 page $1.00 postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
pocket size (4Jx6|-) guide
to your job."
SEND $1.00 TODAY
5344 Cinton Ave., So.,
Minneapolis 9, Minn.
I"*B f^m B* \& ^A sw B» ^? jr m mneapuiis a, mum. waru uj
Carpenters & Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work
Enclosed find $1.00. Please for-
ward by return mail one of your
Name Address.
3 SUPER ASDS FOR CRAFTSMEN NOW!
SUPER SI
GAGE NO.
BNGLE
lj Q Clamps on shin-
gle hatchet blade
for spacing courses. A convenient, accurate, labor
saver for shinglers, carpenters. Case-hardened.
nNI V 1t\n FA s,l)tted round-head screw for quick
una. I »Wfc EH. mounting or adjusting.
Postpaid NONE BETTER!
Sharpens round shank drills from 3/32"
to 1 1/16" in diameter, up to 11" long.
Grinds old drills like new in 4 different
point angles, using hand or power grinding
wheels. Money-back guarantee.
ONLY $2.95 EACH
SUPER STAIR
GAGES NO. 49
Again
75c the PAIR
All Items at your Dealers
or Postpaid. Literature
Available, All Items.
available for in-
stant attachment to car-
penters' steel squares.
Perfect for laying out
stair stringers and
other repeat angle
saw cuts. Precision-
made, nickel-plated
steel fixtures with
brass thumb screws.
Increases work accu-
racy and speed. Truly
a woodworker's pal!
A must for every
workman's tool kit.
A. D. McBURNEY
939 W. 6th St., Dept. C-1
Los Angeles 14, Calif.
NOTICE
The publisher! of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be. In their Judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All contracts for advertising space In "The Car-
penter," Including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
E. C. Atkins & Co., Indian-
apolis, Ind.
Page
4th Cover
Burr Mrs?. Co., Los Angeles
Calif.
4
1
1 Henry Disston &. Sons, Inc.,
Philadelphia, Pa.
-Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
32
T. C. Knife, St. Paul, Minn
4
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111
3
1 A. D. McBurney, Los Angeles,
Calif.
3
Millers Falls Co., Greenfield,
32
Paine Co., Chicago, 111.
.3rd Cover
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn.
3rd Cover
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.
32
Technical Courses and
Books
American Technical Society,
31
! Chicago Technical College,
32
! E. W. Hoffner, Chicago, 111
4
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn
3
j H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans._
29
Mason Engineering Service,
30
Tamblyn System, Denver,, Colo
3
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y.
-3rd Cover
KEEP THE MOXEY
EN THE FAMILY!
PATRONIZE
ADVERTISERS
— PRICE LIST —
Label and Emblem Novelties
Card Cases (Label) $ .10
Key Chains (Label) 15
Fobs (Label and Emblem i. .50
Gavels (Labels) 1.25
Pins (Emblem) 100
Buttons lEmblem) 1.00
Cuff Links (Emblem) 1.50
Match Box Holders (Label) .15
Belt Loop and Chain (Label) .75
Pins. Ladies Auxiliary (Em-
blem) 1.75
Auto Radiator Emblems... 1.25
In Ordering These Goods Send All Order*
and Make All Remittances Payable to
FRANK DUFFY, Gen. Sec,
Carpenters' Bid., 222 E. Michigan St.
Indi;uiapolis, Ind.
To
^Special'^
ROOFERS
who apply SLATE SURFACE Roofing
WORKMEN : Send only 5fic and ask for Advertij-
ing SAMPLE Handle, also replaceable Blades: New Cus-
tomers only. (Retail value $1.00 •
REGULAR PRICES - Handles $4 Doz; Blades $1 Doz.
write
™* T-C. KNIFE STA^ilEL
IF YOU ARE A CARPENTER
and have had some experience in lumber YOU CAN
LEARN TO ESTIMATE CARPENTER WORK in a
surprisingly short time. 47 years experience in lumber-
ing and general con>truction brings to light new bora
methods such as grading labor on lumber and other
items to prevent the estimator, or contractor, from
serious hidden disaster. Until you have used grading
labor on lumber you will still be in the dark.
Having some experience in lumber, that is the best
place to start, the rest will come much easier after
getting a sound footing.
These new bom methods will give you the answer,
from farm building to skyscraper, or homes, remodel-
ing, repairs, wrecking, etc.
A post card with your name and address, and your
experience, will bring you the opportunity to mak^
your dreams come true. By return mail you will re-
ceive your FIRST LESSON FREE. No obligation.
E. W. HOFFXER
3319 X. Clark St. Chicago 13. III.
It's Here
(An Editorial)
• • •
r",|"^HE WIFE of the average wage earner in America is facing a
crisis. The amount of money her husband brings home every pay-
day simply is not enough to make ends meet. If there are savings,
much as she dislikes to, she dips into them occasionally to keep the
family's living standard up to a level that guarantees health and decency.
If there are no savings, she lops off one after another of the less essential
items. By one means or another she has been getting by. But the day of
reckoning is rapidly approaching. That will be the day when she will
not be able to provide even the barest essentials of living with the con-
tents of her husband's pay envelope.
Multiply the plight of the average housewife by fifty or sixty million
and you get an accurate picture of the national crisis that is developing.
Prices have so drastically outrun wages that actual hunger is stalking the
lower income brackets. Week in and week out, prices continue to climb
upward. Any wage increases that may have been gained by workers have
long since been nullified by price increases. For the average wage earner,
an economic breakdown is not something to think about or worry about
at some future date. It is here right now for him and his family.
If Congress is aware of the situation, it is giving no indication of the
fact. While millions of workers are staring privation in the face, Con-
gressmen are working themselves into a lather over legislation to curb
unions and put an end to collective bargaining. The economic collapse
that has already engulfed the millions in the lower brackets and now
threatens all workers is getting virtually no attention in Washington.
At the bottom of the price crisis is plain, simple greed on the part of
Big Business. If anyone has any doubts on this score he should study
the analysis of corporation profits recently compiled by the National City
Bank of New York. The combined 1946 profits of firms studied averaged
almost thirty per cent above 1945 figures. However, this does not give a
true picture. Many corporations reaped profits of 100, 200, and even 300%
above 1945. By and large, profits on sales were roughly doubled. Saddest
of all, the companies that gleaned the greatest profits were those dealing
in essential commodities — commodities that figure prominently in the
cost-of-living budget of the average wage earner.
Chain stores handling foods upped their profits by roughly 125%, and
compared to some of the other chains they were pikers. Some mail order
houses increased their profits by as much as 300%. Tobacco, silk, rayon,
woolens, hosiery, cotton, clothing and apparel, leather and a host of other
industries turning out essential items climbed into the 100% increase class.
Companies making tires, rubber goods, etc., doubled their take. So did
airlines, shipping firms, cement and lime companies and many others.
6 THE CARPENTER
But it was the paper companies that really went all out. Their combined
profits were up practically 300^ .
Lest someone say it is not fair to compare 1946 profits to those made
in 1945, let us take a look at what 1946 profits mean in terms of invest-
ments— the real test of profits. A study of corporation profits, industry
by industry, shows that in most industries the percentage of return on
investment for 1946 was one to two times higher than in the 1942- 1945
period and six to eight times higher than in the pre-war period.
In the meat packing industry, one corporation earned 15.5% on in-
vestment in 1946 as compared to 6.8% for the average war year and 4.2^
for the average prewar year. Another climbed from 3.4^ during the
immediate prewar years to 8.1% during the war years and up to 16%
during 1946. In the textile industry, profit increases were even more
spectacular. One company that averaged a 3.6^ return on investment
from 1936 to 1939 chalked up an average return of 9.4% from 1942 to
1945 and pushed returns up to a terrific 28.5% in 1946. Another jumped
from a 4.1% prewar average to a stratospheric 38.4% for 1946.
How long can our national economy survive the present trend of out-
rageous profiteering? Xot very long, is the answer. The present trend
can only lead to a crash that will make 1929 look like good times. In the
years following the last war, profit-hungry corporations pushed their
earnings sky-high. Wages failed to keep pace. By 1929 the capacity of
the nation to produce goods was at an all-time high. At the same time
the purchasing power of the people's dollars was shrinking because of
the high prices. The inevitable result was a crash.
What was true in 1929 is still true today. When too much of the con-
sumer's dollar goes into profits and too little of it goes into wages, an
economic collapse is unavoidable. That is exactly what is happening to-
day. More of the consumers' dollar is going into profits today than was
the case after World War I. Unless something is done and done soon
the crash we are building up. to will make 1929 look like a picnic.
Less than a year ago these same corporations that today are gouging the
public for all they can take were crying out against price controls. "'Give
free enterprise a chance" they insisted. They had all sorts of graphs and
charts and arguments to show that production would solve our problems.
They told a fine story about what supply and demand and competition
would do to level off prices. A few weeks after they got controls knocked
out butter dropped a cent or two a pound and their glee was unbounded.
But ever since last June they have pushed prices up steadily. Production
today is at the highest peak in our history and prices are still climbing.
They have virtually doubled in the past year. Even the staid New York
Times is concerned with the situation. Recently it stated : "It must be
beginning to dawn on these manufacturers that they are killing the goose
that lays the golden eggs."
With the bulk of the world totalitarian today, it is no exaggeration
to say that free enterprise is on trial. At the present time it is giving a
very poor account of itself. Last month the President warned business
that the existing situation cannot continue. To date it has shown no
signs of improving. It had better start improving immediately or free
enterprise may find itself in the same class as the bustle and peg-top pants.
A Tribute To Uncle Bob
The General President submitted to the Board a letter from Morton E. Christ, Financial
Secretary of Local Union 109, Sheffield, Alabama, with a memorial written by Brother J. F.
Barrett, publicity director of the American Federation of Labor, paying tribute to the memory
of Bob Weyler, General Representative of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, who died April Z2, 19!,C>. The Board ordered the "Memorial" published in our
official monthly Journal, The Carpenter.
LOCAL UNION No. 109
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America
FORENCE -:- SHEFFIELD -:- TUSCUMBL4.
April 3, 1947.
William L. Hutcheson, General President.
Dear Sir and Brother:
Enclosed find copy of memorial written by J. F. Barrett,
whom we all call "Uncle Jim," and which we have mailed to all
local unions of the United Brotherhood that are affiliated with
the Tennessee Valley Conference of Carpenters and the Alabama
State Council of Carpenters.
With kindest regards and best wishes, I am
Fraternally yours,
MORTON E. CRIST,
Financial Secretary and Business Manager.
Memorial to Uncle Bob Weyler
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America
April, 1947
To the Officers and Members of Local Unions of the
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America.
Dear Sirs and Brothers:
One year ago April 22nd, word was flashed from Louisville, Kentucky, that
Bob Weyler had died that day. This short telegraphic message was followed by
newspaper and radio announcements throughout the United States of America,
giving the details of the death of Bob Weyler. In a thousand unions halls that
week and in tens of thousands of homes through this country, the topic of con-
versation was the sudden death of Bob Weyler. A million hearts were saddened
by the announcement of the death of this good man.
The press associations and wire services, the newspapers and radios referred
to him as "J. R. Weyler, of Louisville, a representative of the United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners of America," but in the union halls and in the homes
of union members reference was made to him as "Uncle" Bob Weyler, an endear-
ing term that manifested the deep, true and reverent love that labor everywhere
had for "Uncle" Bob Weyler.
As a close associate, and co-worker and friend of Bob Weyler, I have suggested
that the week of April 21, 1947, be set aside and recognized as a memorial week
to the life and labor and accomplishments of Bob Weyler, and that the meetings
of all local unions of the Carpenters being held during that week devote a portion
of the program of their meetings to a memorial service in memory of Bob Weyler.
I am asking that this message be read at your meeting during the week of
April 21, and be spread upon the minutes of your meeting as a permanent testi-
8 THE C A R P E XTER
monial of a fellow-worker to the life and labor and achievements of one of the
greatest men in the American Federation of Labor — my friend and your friend,
Bob Weyler.
I am especially anxious for the younger members of the Carpenters Union to
stop for a moment and consider the great contributions made by Bob Weyler to
the welfare and advancement, the protection and the opportunities, that the mem-
bers of the Carpenters Union enjoy, because Bob Weyler lived and loved and
labored as he did. I have worked with Bob Weyler in the organization of Car-
penters' Unions back yonder in the days when almost everybody despised a Labor
Union. I have been sitting with him in the lobby of a hotel, or eating at a
restaurant when officers of the law came to us and curtly and firmly, and in many
instances profanely ordered us to get out of town.
I have been with Bob Weyler when the vigilantes came to our hotel room and
forcibly took us out in the dark of the night and escorted us to the county line,
and told us to be gone, and that if we ever set foot in that county again we would
pay for our foolishness with our lives. I have been with him when we were
escorted by other vigilante committees down into the darkness of the railroad
yards, and with him pitched into an empty freight car, after which we heard the
car doors being slammed to and sealed on the outside. I have been with him in the
darkness of those lonely freight cars until the switch engine took the car in which
we had been placed and put it into a train of cars, and finally the train crew with
orders to proceed carried us for hours and hours without light, food or water, to
a destination that we knew not and to a fate that we could not even guess or
foretell until we had been released.
Yet, none of these experiences ever dampened the ardor or interfered with
the determination of Bob Weyler to carry the great message of the union to the men
engaged in erecting buildings for the people of the state and nation.
Although a man of quick temper, absolutely fearless, yet in none of these trying
experiences did Bob Weyler ever lose patience or complain. Time and time again
I have heard his deep, sincere, bass voice saying, "God forgive them, they know
not what they do."
Bob Weyler loved his fellow-man, and he loved the women in the homes of
his fellow-workers, and he worshipped their little children. No one but an in-
spired man of God and of the people could have lived the life and endured the
hardships and overcome the difficulties that Bob Weyler did, except an inspired
man of God and of the people. He worked for his brother Carpenters until he
witnessed their advancement from a wage of $1.50 a day to $1.50 an hour. Bob
Weyler worked at the Carpenter trade when a twelve-hour day was the ordinary
work day, and he fought for the Carpenters until the generally accepted forty-
hour week became the order of his trade. Bob Weyler has often wept because so
many members of his Union in the early years could not write their own names,
and he lived to see the day when the children of his members were High School
graduates and graduates of colleges and universities.
Bob Weyler never forgot for a moment the great sacred fact that Jesus Christ
worked at the Carpenters' trade, and he never spoke to a group of men working
at the Carpenters' trade without calling to their attention the sacredness of their
trade, that had been sanctified and glorified by the Carpenter of Nazareth.
The younger members of the Carpenters' Union cannot afford to forget for
a moment the life and labor and the love of Bob Weyler and his co-workers who
built the great organization into its present high standard of efficiency with the
living and working conditions and the wages that you today receive and enjoy
because Bob Weyler and his fellows sacrified as they did in order to build these
conditions for you.
Bob Weyler never concerned himself so much with conditions of the present
day in which he labored and lived and loved, but all the time he was inspired with
the hope of better and greater things for the Carpenters in the years to come.
This thought of his, this philosophy, this all-absorbing thought of his for im-
provement of conditions for the generations to come was best illustrated by the
T H E C A R P E N T E R 9
poem that he recited thousands of times in his speeches and appeals to the work-
ing men to join the union of their trade in the A. F. of L.
That poem is entitled "Building a Bridge for Him," and everyone who has
heard Bob Weyler speak has heard him recite the following verse in his earnest,
honest, sincere manner. That poem he so often quoted is as follows
BUILDING A BRIDGE FOR HLAI
An old man, going a lone highway,
Came at the evening, cold and gray,
To a chasm vast and deep and wide.
The old man crossed in the twilight dim,
The sullen stream had no fear for him;
But he turned when safe on the other side
And built a bridge to span the tide.
"Old man," said a fellow pilgrim near,
"You are wasting your strength with building here;
Your journey will end with the ending day.
You never again will pass this way;
You've crossed the chasm deep and wide.
Why build this bridge at eventide?"
The builder lifted his old gray head —
"Good friend, in the path I have come," he said,
"There followeth after me today
A youth whose feet must pass this way.
This chasm that has been naught for me,
To that fair-haired youth may a pitfall be;
He, too, must cross in the twilight dim —
Good friend, I am building this bridge for him."
That is exactly what Bob Weyler did in life — build a bridge for the youth, the
lad. for you younger members of the Carpenters' Union, that each of you might
safely cross the chasm deep and wide.
I appeal to you, each and every one of you, to rededicate your lives and your
labor to the completion of the task begun by Bob Weyler, and so nobly performed
by him throughout the years of his useful life. You must not, you shall not, forget
for a moment the sacrifices made by Bob Weyler and his fellow unionists of his
day. The suffering they endured, the sacrifices they made, the humiliation they
experienced that you might enjoy the conditions that are yours today. If you should
forget these things then you are not worthy of the sacrifices that have been made
for you. If you are worthy then you, each of you, and all of you, will go and do
as Bob Weyler did and make the future of the coming generations as greatly
improved over present conditions as Bob Weyler and his co-workers improved the
conditions for your enjoyment.
Bob Weyler is not dead, because:
"There is no Death!
The stars go down to rise
upon some fairer shore,
And bright in Heaven's
jewelled crown
They shine forevermore! "
So Bob Weyler is not dead. His star went down to rise upon some fairer shore,
to rise upon this generation of men engaged at the Carpenters' trade, to shine
through you and your children and your children's children forevermore.
J. F. "UNCLE JIM" BARRETT.
10 THE CARPENTER
Texas City Local H<
• * V*
One of the hardest hit groups in the disaster which laid waste Texas
City, Texas, was Local Union No. 973. Immediately upon receipt of word
of the calamity. General President Hutcheson assigned General Repre-
sentative Charles P. Driscoll to proceed to the stricken community and
render all possible assistance. However, Representative Driscoll encoun-
tered considerable difficulty in his efforts to aid the members of the un-
fortunate Local Union. Almost a week after the explosion all roads lead-
ing to the city were still blockaded and official permission to enter was
denied to all but those on official business connected with saving lives.
From his headquarters outside the blockade Brother Driscoll was doing
his utmost to lend all possible help to Brotherhood members who suffered
in the tragedy.
Immediately upon notification of the disaster, the General Office sent
the following wire to Joe Francis, Business Agent for the Local :
"Representative Driscoll reports to us this morning the serious loss
to the members of Local Union 973 in recent disaster to Texas City. It is
with deepest regret we received this information and extend to all mem-
bers who were harmed and to the families of those that perished our sin-
cerest sympathy. AYould appreciate your advising us at once if further
assistance can be rendered both financially and otherwise to the members
of your Local Union.
M. A. HUTCHESON. for the General President."
Latest reports from Texas City revealed Local Union No. 973 very
hard hit. Six members were identified among the dead; fifteen were miss-
ing and believed dead; four were seriously injured. What the ultimate
toll will be no one was able to even estimate as this issue went to press.
The city was still far from normal and an accurate check was impossible
to make.
Brotherhood members throughout the nation were shocked and sad-
dened to learn of the almost unbelievable misfortune that has befallen
the members of Local Union No. 973 and their families. On behalf of
all Brotherhood members every where we extend to them our profound
sympathies and deepest regrets.
Apprenticeship Manual Nearing Completion
In line with the action taken by the Twenty-fifth General Convention
held in April, 1946, the Apprenticeship Committee, under the direction of
First General Vice President M. A. Hutcheson, has been busy compiling a
standard manual on apprenticeship training. Recently the committee spent
some time at Headquarters in Indianapolis working on the manual, which
is now virtually completed in tentative form. Revisions and corrections
are now being made, and as soon as these are completed, the manual will
be ready for the printers.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Officii : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General Vice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretary
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District. CHARLES JOHNSON, JR.
Ill E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page, Dallas, Texas
Second District, WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bid., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District, A. W. MTJIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland. O.
Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District, ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St.. Florence. S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary.
REGULAR MEETING OF THE GENERAL EXECUTIVE
BOARD
March 31, 1947.
Since the previous meeting of the General Executive Board the following trade
movements were acted upon:
January 16, 1947.
Portsmouth, N. H. L. U. 165 2. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.18
to $1.37 V:> per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
January 17, 19 47.
Clinton, Iowa L. U. 772. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective February 18, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Watertown, S. D. L. U. 1690. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 10, 1947. Official sanction granted.
January 21, 1947.
Binghamton, N. Y. L. U. 281.— Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Lincoln, 111. L. U. 568. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
¥•1.87% per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
12 THE CARPENTER
Danielson, Conn. L. U. 623. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pontiac, 111. L. U. 728. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.65 per hour, effective February 20, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Ottumwa. Iowa L. U. 767. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.43 to
$1.70 per hour, effective March 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Milford. Mass. L. U. 867. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Texas City, Texas L. U. 9 73. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective February 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Newburyport, Mass. L. U. 9 89. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.65 per hour, effective January 1. 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Ridgefield, Conn. L. U. 1119. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62 i2
to $1.8714 per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Canon City, Colo. L. TJ. 1231. — Movement for an increase in wages from 87 %c
to $1.25 per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Frankfort, Ind. L. U. 1465. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40
to $1.60 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Princeton, 111. L. U. 1525. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 10, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Bicknell, Ind. L. U. 1712. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 11, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Hinton, W. Va. L. U. 1874. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.27%
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Shelbyville, 111. L. U. 189 2. — rMovement for an increase in wages from $.1.2 5
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fi-
nancial aid.
Hollywood, Fla. L. U. 1947. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50-
to $1.75 per hour, effective February 24, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Durango, Colo. L. TJ. 2243. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.37 % per hour, effective December 26, 1946. Official sanction granted.
Providence, Pawtucket and Central Falls, D. C, Providence, R. I. — Movement
for an increase from $1.50 to $1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanc-
tion granted.
South Shore D. C, E. Weymouth, Mass. — Movement for an increase in wages
from $1.44 to $1.65 per hour, effective March 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
January 23, 194 7.
East St. Louis 111. L. U. 169. — Movement for an increase in wages from $2.00
to $2.25 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Fairmont, W. Va. L. U. 428. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.80 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Logansport, Ind. L. U. 2060. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35
to $1.60 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Peru, 111. L. U. 195. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62 % to
$1.75 per hour, effective January 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Elwood, Ind. L. U. 652. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35 to
$1.50 per hour, effective March 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Sycamore, 111. L. U. 82 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective March 13, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Wellsville, N. Y. L. U. 1182. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.62% per hour, effective March 16, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Defiance, Ohio L. TJ. 2180. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.30
to $1.60 per hour, effective May 15, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
THE CARPENTER 13
January 2 4, 19 47.
Gardner, Mass. L. U. 570. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Princeton, Ind. L. U. 935. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective April 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pleasant Hill, 111. L. U. 2177. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.75 per hour, effective February 4, 1947. Official sanction granted.
January 27, 1947.
Cambridge, Ohio L. U. 245. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective February 24, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Rahway, N. J. L. U. 537. — Movement for an increase in wages from $2.00 to
$2.10 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
: Hamilton, Ohio L. U. 637. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.65 to
$2.00 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Taylorville, 111. L. U. 748. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.62% per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Princeton, N. J. L. U. 781. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.87%
to $2.00 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Conneaut, Ohio L. U. 863. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.75 per hour, effective March 21, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Jacksonville, 111. L. U. 904. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.87% per hour, effective February 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
McAlester, Okla. L. U. 986. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Cloquet, Minn. L. U. 1844. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.75 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Winston-Salem, N. C. L. U. 19 42. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.12% to $1.50 per hour, effective March 27, 1947. Official sanction granted.
January 31, 19 47.
Canton, Ohio L. U. 143. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75 to
$2.00 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial
aid.
York, Pa. L. U. 191.— Movement for an increase in wages from $1.30 to $1.50
per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
• Atlantic City, N. J. L. U. 432. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.87%
to $2.15 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fi-
nancial aid.
Marion, 111. L. U. 508. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7% to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Jefferson City, Mo. L. U. 9 45. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.62 1/2 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Salem, N. Y. L. U. 1220. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 18, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Quincy, 111. L. U. 1366. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.02 to
$1.25 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fincial aid.
Hartford City, Ind. L. U. 1738. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.25 to $1.62% per hour, effective March S, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Frankfort, Ky. L. U. 2058. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.70 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
February 3, 19 4 7.
Great Falls, Mont. L. U. 28 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.65
to $2.00 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Lewiston, Maine L. U. 407. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.37% per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
14 THE CAKPEXTER
Jackson, Mich. L. U. 651. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.80 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Xiles, Mich. L. U. 1033. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.80 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Indianapolis D. C. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.67% to $2.00
per hour, effective April 15, 19 4 7. Official sanction granted.
February 5, 1947.
Lynn, Mass. L. U. 595. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.60 to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial
aid.
Bangor, Me. L. TJ. 621. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to $1.50
per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
Ottawa, 111. L. U. 661. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75 to
$1.87 % per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fi-
nancial aid.
Austin, Texas L. U. 1266. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.62% per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Ogdensburg, N. Y. L. U. 13 54. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.85 per hour, effective March 4, 1947. Official sanction granted.
February 7, 1947.
Oxford, Miss. L. TJ. 2303. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
AVhite River Junction, Vt. L. TJ. 2 256. — Movement for an increase in wages
from $1.25 to $1.37% per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
February 11, 1947.
Laurel, Miss. L. TJ. 2 0 5. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective February 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Kalamazoo, Mich. L. U. 297. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.85 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fi-
nancial aid.
Fort Madison, Iowa L. TJ. 3 73. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Galesburg, 111. L. TJ. 360. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial
aid.
Granite City, 111. L. TJ. 6 3 3. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.90
to $2.25 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Johnson City, Tenn. L. U. 1517. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.40 to $1.60 per hour, effective April 10, 1947. Official sanction granted.
February 13, 1947.
Red Wing, Minn. L. U. 2083. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7%
to $1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Hudson, X. Y. L. TJ. 1075. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.87% per hour, effective March 1, 19 4 7. Official sanction granted.
Parkersburg, W. Va. L. TJ. 899. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.62% per hour, effective January 14, 1947. Official sanction granted,
without financial aid.
February 17, 1947.
Hagerstown, Md. L. TJ. 340. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.30
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pascagoula, Miss. L. TJ. 5 69. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPENTER 15
Norman, Okla. L. U. 1060. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.45
to $1.55 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Waterloo, Iowa L. U. 1835. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fi-
nancial aid.
Springfield, Mass. D. C. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62% to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
February 26, 1947.
Champaign and Urbana, 111. L. U. 44. — Movement for an increase from $1.25
to $1.62 per hour (Millmen) effective April 10, 1947. Official sanction granted,
without financial aid.
New Haven, Conn. L. U. 79. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.87% per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Albany, N. Y. L. U. 117. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.65 to
$2.00 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial
aid.
Kewanee, 111. L. U. 154. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.62% per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Kingston, Ont., Can. L. U. 249. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.05 to $1.25 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Dubuque, Iowa L. U. 678. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.47%
to $1.85 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Fulton, N. Y. L. U. 754. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Frederick, Okla. L. U. 1893. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 5, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Whitefish, Mont. L. U. 2125. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Fulton, Mo. L. U. 2137. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12% to
$1.37% per hour, effective April 18, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Scottsbluff, Nebr. L. U. 2141. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7%
to $i.50 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Greensboro, N. C. L. U. 2230. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.37% per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Greenwood, Miss. L. TJ. 2379. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 15, 1947. Official sanction granted without
financial aid.
March 5, 1947.
Erie, Pa. L. U. 81. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.52% to $1.95
per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted without financial aid.
Collinsville, 111. L. U. 295. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.90
to $2.25 per hour, effective April 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Belleville, 111. L. U. 433. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.90 to
$2.25 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Council Bluffs, Iowa L. U. 364. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.45
to $1.62% per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Manchester, N. H. L. U. 625. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.75 per hour, effective March 1, 1947. Official sanction granted without
financial aid.
Delaware, N. J. L. U. 399. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.87% per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Longview, Texas L. U. 1097. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective March 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
16 THE CARPEXTER
Albany. X. Y. L. U. 1446. (Millmen) Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.11 to $1.25 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Ashtabula. Ohio L. U. 162 9. — Movement for an increase in wages from §1.62 y,
to $2.00 per hour, effective May 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Wood River, 111. L. U. 1808. — Movement for an increase in wages from $2.00
to $2.25 per hour, effective April 11, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Tupelo, Miss. L. U. 2183. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12 %
to $1.25 per hour, effective March 31, 1.947. Official sanction granted.
March 19, 19 47.
Edwardsville, 111. L. U. 378. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.90
to $2.25 per hour, effective April 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Westfield, R. I. L. U. 810. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40
to $1.65 per hour, effective April 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Worland. Wyo. L. U. 883. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40
to $1.50 per hour, effective March 26, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Baltimore, Md. L. U. 9 74. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.15 to
$1.35 (millmen) per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Greenwood, Miss. L. U. 1012. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Marshalltown, Iowa L. U. 1112. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.40 to $1.50 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Tuscaloosa, Ala. L. U. 1337. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37 i'o
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without fi-
nancial aid.
Thompson Falls, Mont. L. U. 16 39. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.25 to $1.50 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Orlando, Fla. L. U. 176 5. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective May 14, 1947. Official sanction granted.
* Eldorado, 111. L. U. 17 71. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.2 5
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 3. 1947. Official san&tion granted.
Chanute, Kans. L. U. 1926. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Ames, Iowa L. U. 1948. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40 to
$1.60 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial
aid.
Iron Mountain. Mich. L. U. 2065. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37 % to $1.50 per hour, effective May 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Berlin, X. H. L. U. 2276. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.30
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Brownsville, Texas L. U. 1316. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 3, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
March 25, 1947.
Fort Dodge, Iowa L. U. 641. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1:37%
to $1.62% per hour, effective April 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Corning, X. Y. L. U. 70 0. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Kokomo, Ind. L. U. 734. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.55 to
$1.80 per hour, effective April 27. 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Shreveport, La. L. U. 764. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective May 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPENTER 17
Lawrenceburg, Ind. L. U. 1142. — Movement for an increase in wages from
^1.50 to $1.70 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Smithtown Br., N. Y. L. U. 116 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.S5 to $2.10 per hour, effective April 7, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Port Arthur. Texas L. U. 13 47. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.62 % to $1.87% for journeymen and $1.87% to $2.12% for foremen per hour,
effective June 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
El Dorado, Ark. L. TJ. 16S3. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.75 per hour, effective March 25, 1947. Official sanction granted.
March 28, 19 47.
Augusta, Me. L. U. 914. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.37 % per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pittsburgh, Pa. L. TJ. 135 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from 60c
and $1.03 to 85c and $1.25 (Boxmakers) per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official
sanction granted, without financial aid.
Amherst, Mass. L. TJ. 150 3. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective May 13, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
March 31, 1947.
Regular meeting of the General Executive Board was held at the General
Office. Indianapolis. Indiana, beginning March 31, 1947.
All members present.
Report of the delegates to the Thirty-eighth Annual Convention of the Union
Label Trades Department of the American Federation of Labor held in Chicago,
Illinois, in October, 19 46, was filed for future reference as it has been published
in the March, 19 47 issue of our official journal, "The Carpenter" for the informa-
tion of our members.
April 1, 194 7.
Appeal of Local Union 1933. Claremore, Oklahoma, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the claim for funeral donation of the late
JAMES ORYILLE MYERS. The claim was referred back to the General Treasurer
for further consideration.
Appeal of Local Union 8 24, Muskegon, Michigan, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the claim for funeral donation of the late
FRED NEISER. The claim was referred back to the General Treasurer for
further consideration.
Appeal of Local Union 9 5 5, Appleton, Wisconsin, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the claim for funeral donation of the late
FRANK SOHR for the reason that he was not in good standing at the time of
death. The decision of the General Treasurer was sustained and the appeal dis-
missed.
The Committee appointed by the General President at the September, 19 46
meeting of the General Executive Board to make arrangements for the installa-
tion of the General Officers on April 5, 1947, for the next term of four years re-
ported that all arrangements have been made for that ceremony to take place
at the General Office in Indianapolis, Indiana, on Saturday, April 5, 1947.
The General President called attention to the case of WM. SOLOMON, for-
merly a member of Local Union 15 72, McGill, Nevada, whose application for
pension was disapproved for the reason that on August 31, 19 4 4, he owed six
months dues and was suspended. The claim of that Local Union for per capita tax
overpaid was referred to the General Secretary for adjustment.
The Committee on Apprenticeship ordered by the last General Convention
held in April, 19 46, reported that the matter was well under way and it was re-
ceived as a report of progress.
18 THE CARPENTER
Renewal of Bond of General Treasurer Meadows in the sum of $50,000.00 for
one year beginning February 1, 1947, through the United States Fidelity and
Guaranty Company, of Baltimore, Maryland, was referred to our Legal Department.
Renewal of Bond of Assistant Superintendent at Carpenters' Home, Lakeland,
Florida, in the sum of $20,000.00 for one year beginning March 10, 1947, through
the United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore, Maryland, . was
referred to our Legal Department.
Renewal of Workmen's Compensation Insurance on Employees in the State
of Texas for a term of one year beginning March 14, 19 47, through the United
States Fidelity and Guaranty Company of Baltimore, Maryland, was referred
to our Legal Department.
April 2, 1947.
Wellsburg, W. Va. L. U. 168 0.- — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.75 to $2.00 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Macomb, 111. L. U. 188 3. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7%
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 21, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Cuyahoga, Lake and Geauga D. C. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$.2.00 to $2.25 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Cleveland, Ohio L. U. 509. — Movement for an increase in wages from 90c and
$1.05 to $1.60 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Pittsburgh and Vicinity D. C. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35
(in mills), $1.45 (in cabinet shops) to $1.60 and $1.70 per hour, effective June
1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
Saginaw Valley D. C. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75 to
$2.00 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Perryville, Mo. L. U. 2022. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.00 to
$1.25 (residential) and $1.25 to $1.50 (Commercial) per hour, effective April 27,
1947. Official sanction granted.
'Madison, Wis. L. U. 314. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Camden, Ark. L. U. 529. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Dixon, 111. L. U. 790. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to $1.65
per hour, effective April 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
April 3, 1947.
Mitchell, S. Dak. L. U. 1868. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12%
to $1.25 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Cleveland, Ohio L. U. 1365. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
(cabinet men) and $1.30 (millmen) to $1.75 per hour, effective May 1, 1947.
Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
Wilkes-Barre, Pa. L. U. 1225. — Movement for an increase in wages from 75c,
80c, 86c, 92y2c, $1.05 and $1.22% to 25c per hour general increase, effective
May 23, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
Cadillac, Mich. L. U. 2210. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.45
to $1.75 per hour, effective April 27, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Hardin, 111. L. U. 2124. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.75 per hour, effective May 20, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Columbia, S. C. L. U. 17 78. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPEXTER 19
April 4, 1947.
Our Legal Department brought to the attention of the General Executive
Board and the General Representatives present the numerous Laws introduced in
Congress and several states proposing the curtailment of the activities of Labor
Unions, all of which were thoroughly discussed so that they might be better
understood.
Brother Albert E. Fischer, Assistant to the General Secretary, gave a full
explanation of our new Financial Secretary's method of conducting his duties and
reporting to the General Office monthly and quarterly so that in the future we
may have complete and correct records of all Local Unions at the General Office.
April 5, 1947.
Installation of General Officers
First General Vice-President Maurice A. Hutcheson in the Chair called the
meeting to order and informed all present that the Honorable Charles Tuttle of
New York, our Chief Counsel, had been appointed Installing Officer.
He then called upon the Assistant to the General Secretary, Brother Albert E.
Fischer, to call the names of the General Officers to be installed and the office
each one is to fill. That being done, the Honorable Chas. Tuttle obligated and
installed the following General Officers for the term of four years ending March
31, 1951:
GENERAL OFFICERS
General President . Wm. L. Hutcheson
First General Vice-President M. A. Hutcheson
Second General Vice-President John R. Stevenson
General Secretary Frank Duffy
General Treasurer S. P. Meadows
GENERAL EXECUTIVE BOARD
First District Charles Johnson, Jr.
Second District Wm. J. Kelly
Third District Harry Schwarzer
Fourth District 1 Roland Adams
Fifth District R. E. Roberts
Sixth District A. W. Muir
Seventh District Arthur Martel
Short addresses were made by the Installing Officer; Wm. Green, President of
the American Federation of Labor; General Secretary Duffy and General Presi-
dent Wm. L. Hutcheson.
In closing the General President thanked all for being present and taking part
in the ceremonies.
The following District Councils were represented at the Installation:
Alabama — (Birmingham) Jefferson County District Council.
California — (San Francisco) Bay Counties District Council.
District of Columbia- — .Washington District Council.
Illinois — Chicago District Council.
Indiana — Indianapolis District Council.
Indiana — (Michigan City) Lake County District Council.
Kentucky — -(Louisville) — Falls City District Council.
Louisiana — New Orleans District Council.
Massachusetts — Boston District Council.
Michigan — Detroit District Council.
Missouri — St. Louis District Council.
Nebraska — Omaha District Council.
New Jersey — (Newark) Essex County District Council.
20
THE CARPENTER
New Jersey — (Summit) Morris, Union and Vicinity District Council.
New York — Buffalo District Council.
New York — Ulster County District Council.
New York — New York District Council.
Ohio — (Cleveland) Cuyahoga District Council.
Ohio — -(Cincinnati) Ohio Valley District Council.
Ohio — (Toledo) Maumee Valley District Council.
Oregon — Portland District Council.
Pennsylvania — (Philadelphia) Metropolitan District Council.
Pennsylvania — Pittsburgh District Council.
Pennsylvania — (Wilkes Barre) Wyoming Valley District Council.
Texas — Houston District Council.
Washington — Spokane District Council.
Washington — Seattle District Council.
Washington — Tacoma District Council.
Wisconsin — Milwaukee District Council.
Canada — Montreal District Council.
Canada — Toronto District Council.
Canada — Vancouver District Council.
10
13
16
58
62
80
141
169
181
60
90
232
352
413
Chicago
Chicago
Springfield
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
East St. Louis
Chicago
Indianapolis
Evansville
Fort Wayne
Anderson
South Bend
CALIFORNIA
2288 Los Angeles
The following Local Unions were represented:
ALABAMA
103 Birmingham
22 San Francisco
132 Washington
225 Atlanta
COLORADO
55
Denver
►ISTR]
[CT OF COLUMBIA
FLORIDA
627
Jacksonville
GEORGIA
ILLINOIS
183
Peoria
199
Chicago
242
Chicago
377
Alton
416
Chicago
419
Chicago
434
Chicago
504
Chicago
578
Chicago
INDIANA
565
Elkhart
599
Hammond
734
Kokomo
912
Richmond
985
Gary
1217
Greencastle
IOWA
726
Davenport
KENTUCKY
1337 Tuscaloosa
3088 Stockton
1590 Washington
1723 Columbus
643
742
839
1037
1185
1539
1538
1693
1922
2094
1236
1380
1485
1664
1761
3117
Chicago
Chicago
Des Plaines
Marseilles
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
Chicago
Michigan City
Bedford
La Porte
Bloomington
New Castle
Shelbyville
64 Louisville
69 8 Newport
J
THE CARPEXTER
21
7 64 Shreveport
19 Detroit
337 Detroit
958 Marquette
5 St. Louis
4 7 St. Louis
73 St. Louis
LOUISIANA
MASSACHUSETTS
33 Boston
MICHIGAN
98 2 Detroit
98 3 Detroit
1102 Detroit
MINNESOTA
548 Minneapolis
MISSOURI
417 St. Louis
602 St. Louis
159 6 St. Louis
18 40 New Orleans
145 2 Detroit
1513 Detroit
2265 Detroit
1739
2119
Kirkwood
St. Louis
429
Montclair
715
Elizabeth
246
New York
251
Kingston
257
New York
284
New York
298
New York
366
New York
385
New York
488
New York
60S
New York
11 Cleveland
29 Cincinnati
171 Youngstown
182 Cleveland
2 24 Cincinnati
226 Portland
S Philadelphia
122 Philadelphia
142 Pittsburgh
160 Philadelphia
165 Pittsburgh
211 Alleghany City
277 Philadelphia
50 Knoxville
NEBRASKA
253
Omaha
NEW JERSEY
1113
Springfield
1209
Newark
2212
Newark
NEW YORK
740
New York
1577
Buffalo
791
New York
1663
New York
964
Rockland County
2236
New York
and Vicinity
2241
Brooklyn
1162
College Point
2287
New York
1175
Kingston
2305
New York
1204
New York
2710
New York
1456
New York
2947
New York
1536
New York
OHIO
3128
New York
8 73
Cincinnati
1393
Toledo
1108
Cleveland
1750
Cleveland
1138
Toledo
1871
Cleveland
1359
Toledo
1929
Cleveland
1957
Toledo
OKLAHOMA
1072 Muskogee
OREGON
122 3 Marshfield
PEN N S YL V ANI A
288 Homestead
333 New Kensington
359 Philadelphia
422 Rochester
430 Wilkinsburg
45 4 Philadelphia
46 5 Ardmore
RHODE ISLAND
874 Newport
TENNESSEE
28 SI Portland
500 Butler
514 Wilkes-Barre
616 Chambersburg
83 3 Berwyn
845 Clifton Heights
1856 Philadelphia
2131 Pottsville
2 264 Pittsburgh
74 Chattanooga
22
THE CARPENTER
TEXAS
198
Dallas
1665
VIRGINIA
Alexandria
WASHINGTON
213
Houston
131
Seattle
2552
Spokane
2635
Seattle
1845
Snoqualmie
2633
Tacoma
WISCONSIN
2682
Tacoma
264
Milwaukee
CANADA
Montreal
1594
Wausau
1127
Montreal
27
452
Toronto
Vancouver
134
Montrea
The following State Councils were represented at the Installation:
Illinois State Council New York State Council
New Jersey State Council Ohio State Council
Numerous congratulatory messages were received and read from Local Unions,
District Councils and friends.
Many floral pieces were received from Local Unions, District Councils, State
Councils and friends.
April 7, 1947.
On April 18, 1944, the General President informed the Local Unions of the
action of the General Executive Board regarding applicants being admitted with-
out payment of Initiation Fee by presenting honorable discharge from the Armed
Forces of the United States or Canada within one year after discharge. As is evi-
dent from our records, many ex-servicemen affiliated.
Three years have elapsed since this action was taken, and, after carefully con-
sidering the entire matter, the Board decided to terminate this policy as of July
1, 19 47; thereafter requiring all applicants to pay the initiation fee.
The Board rules that the Contingent Fund does not provide for the payment
of a death donation; therefore, if such donation is desired it must be raised on
an entirely voluntary basis.
The General President submitted to the Board a letter from Morton E. Crist,
Financial Secretary of Local Union 109, Sheffield, Alabama, with a memorial
written by Brother J. F. Barrett, publicity director of the American Federation
of Labor, paying tribute to the memory of Bob Weyler, General Representative of
the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, who died April
22, 19 46. The Board ordered the "Memorial" published in our official monthly
journal, "The Carpenter."
April S, 1947.
Audit of Books and Accounts of the General Office.
By direction of the General Executive Board the General President sent the
following letter to Local Union 201, Wichita, Kansas:
To the Officers and Members
Local Union No. 201
Wichita, Kansas.
Greetings:
The General Executive Board now in session at this office gave consideration
to the communication addressed to General Secretary Duffy as of the date of March
29, 1947, wherein you set forth that at a special meeting held on March 27th
A. J. Porth terminated all his official duties as an officer of Local Union 201, and
THE CARPENTER 2 3
that A. L. Manning was elected and installed to succeed him for the rest of his
term.
You further requested that the bond covering Porth be changed to cover Man-
ning, instead. That communication was recognized by the undersigned under
date of April 3rd.
The General Executive Board also considered a communication dated April 4th.
addressed to General Secretary Duffy, wherein the Recording Secretary, Brother
John Goodwin, notified the General Secretary that at a special called meeting held
April 3rd members of the Local voted to reconsider their action taken on March
27th.
The purpose and object of this communication is to inform the members of
Local Union 201 that the General Executive Board decided that they could not
accept the communication of April 4th as being an action that would in any way
set aside the action taken at the special meeting held on March 2 7th and, there-
fore, in conformity with the action of the General Executive Board they instructed
the undersigned to notify your Local Union that this office will not recognize
A. J. Porth as holding any office or official position in Local Union 201 and if the
members of Local Union 201 wish to retain and maintain their standing in the
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America they will have to see
that these instructions are carried out; namely, that as per the action of the
Local Union on March 2 7th, A. L. Manning will be recognized as Financial Secre-
tary and Business Agent of your Local Union.
Trusting to receive a prompt notification of compliance with these instruc-
tions so it will not be necessary to take further steps to enforce the provisions of
the General Constitution, I remain,
Fraternally yours,
(Signed) WM. L. HUTCHESON.
WLGH General President.
* * * * *
Dodge City, Kans. L. U. 1542. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective May 19, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Iowa City, Iowa L. U. 1260. — Movement for an Increase in wages from $1.37^
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 8, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Request of Cuyahoga, Lake and Geauga County Carpenters' District Council
(Cleveland, Ohio) for reimbursement of money spent by said District Council in
the sum of $9,295.00 in their recent strike in raising the wages of members
from $1.65 per hour to $2.00 per hour. Request granted.
*****
The plan proposed by the New Jersey State Council of Carpenters for the set-
tlement of jurisdictional disputes was carefuuly considered, after which it was
decided that
"The Board cannot see its way clear to endorse this proposition."
Our relations to and affiliation with the Building and Construction Trades
Department of the American Federation of Labor was carefully considered. The
Board strenuously opposes the appointment of anyone as a referee not familiar
with Building Construction.
This, along with other matters, was left in the hands of the General President
to use his best judgment.
The General Executive Board gave consideration to the conditions now exist-
ing in ^Hollywood, California, in the Motion Picture Industry, Avherein the Inter-
national Association of Theatrical Stage Employees is furnishing the major Moving
Picture Studios non-union men "Scab Carpenters" to do the work of members
of our Organization. The Board authorized the General Secretary to place this
matter before the Executive Council of the American Federation of Labor, re-
24
THE CARPENTER
Questing that body ;o recommend to the next General Convention of the American
Federation of Labor the revocation of the charter cf the International Association
of Theatrical Stage Employees.
*****
The Committee on arrangements for the Installation of General Officers was
given a vote of thanks for the splendid manner in which the entire matter was
conducted.
April 9, 1947.
The Committee on "State Councils" appointed at last meeting of the General
Executive Eoard held in January. 1947. submitted a partial report of their investi-
gations "with certain recommendations. A general discussion took place covering
the entire matter, after which the whole subject was referred back to the Com-
mittee for further investigation and consideration.
Audit of Books and Accounts of the General Office completed.
A Sub-Committee of the Board examined the Securities held by the General
Treasurer in the vaults of the Indiana National Bank. Indianapolis.. Indiana, and
submitted the following report:
We, the undersigned Sub-Committee of the General Executive Board, have
made an audit of the Securities held by General Treasurer S. P. Madows, in the
ts alts of the Indiana National Bank, and find the following:
GENERAL FUND
Treasury Due 19 63-6 8
Treasury Due 1964-69
Treasury Due 19 64-69
Treasury Due 1959-62
Series G Due 1953
Series G Due 1954
Series G Due 1954
Series G Due 1957
Series G. — Project Fund.
Certificate of Indebtedness Due 1947
\Held in Xeic York)
Certificate of Indebtedness Due Dec. 1947
t Held in yew Tort)
Certificate of Indebtedness Due Dec. 1 & -i 7
Held in yeic Tori)
DEFENSE FUND
50,000.00 U. S. Series G. Due 1953
50.000.0''. L\ 5. Series G. Due 1954
150,000.00 U. S. Certificate of Indebtedness Due 1947
• Held in yew York <
F :rek& -:ed — ? 1.0 0 0. 0 0 0.0 0
U.
=
- Q Q (
U.
s.
5 0 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0
U.
s.
: o o o . '". o o . o o
u.
s.
5 [ D '"' 0 . D 0
u.
s.
5 0 . 0 I
r
s.
5 f, r , i", r, i u n
u.
s.
] |
D.
s.
2 0.0
U.
5
25,0
u.
s
500,000.00
u.
s
u.
5
HOME AND PENSION FUND
50,
-
50,
50,
100,
300,
5 0 0 .
100,
3 0 0.
!■: ■:
000.00
000.00
0 0 0 . 0 0
000.00
000.00
000.00
000.00
000.00
000.00 u
o ■: ■: . : o r
Series G.
Series G.
Series G.
Series G.
.Due
.Due
.Due
.Due
Series G Due
Treasury Due
Treasury Due
Treasury Due
S. Treasury Due
S. Cert, of Indebtedness • Due Dec.
'Held in yew York'
. .00.00 U. S. Certificate of Indebtedness Due
• Held in yew York)
1953
1954
1954
1^33
19 5 7
1947
1 963-6 S
1964-69
1964-69
1947
19 4 7
THE CARPENTER
25
GENERAL, FUND — ( CANADA )
107,000.00 Canadian Bonds Due 1959
50,000.00 Canadian Bonds Due 1960
50,000.00 Canadian Victory Bonds Due 1948
50,000.00 Canadian Victory Bonds Due 1956
100,000.00 Canadian Victory Bonds Due 1950
We find $1,575,000.00 worth of these bonds are being held in safe keeping in
New York City and are certified to us and to our Certified Accountants by the
Indiana National Bank.
(Signed) A. W. MUIR
ROLAND ADAMS
R. E. ROBERTS
There being no further business to be acted upon, the Board adjourned to
meet at the call of the Chair.
Respectfully submitted,
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary.
Thanks to the generosity of the large number of Local Unions, District and
State Councils, and Ladies Auxiliaries which have made donations to the Library
Fund, the guests at the Lakeland Home are assured of a modern, up-to-date
library. During the past month some dozen affiliates of our Brotherhood mailed
in contributions totaling well over $400.00.
A number of periodicals have already been subscribed to for the benefit of the
members living at the Home. A survey is now being made to determine what
books will have to be replaced and how many new ones will have to be purchased
in order to bring the library up to the proper standard. In the end, the Home
Library should be the equal of any private library if contributions to the fund
continue coming in.
Contributions to the Fund should be clearly designated as such by writing
"Library Fund" on the check or accompanying letter so that bookkeeping errors
may be avoided.
In the period from March 20, when the last report was made, until April 24,
donations were received as follows:
L. U. City and State Amt.
493 Mt. Vernon, N. Y $ 30 00
712 Covington, Ky. 10 00
93 Ottawa, Ont., Can 10 00
1846 New Orleans, La 5 00
698 Newport, Ky. 100 00
785 Covington, Ky. 10 00
1162 College Point, L. I., N. Y. 25 00
councils
Metropolitan D. C, Phila., Pa._ 50 00
Wyoming Valley D. C, Wilkes
Barre, Pa. 10 00
Ohio Valley D. C, Cincinnati__ 200 00
New Orleans and Vicinity, D. C,
New Orleans, La.
AUXILIARIES
373, Salina, Calif. __
149, Olympia. Wash.
343, Niagara Falls,
N. Y.
L. Aux. 408, Hattiesburg,
Miss.
3 72, Atlantic City,
N. J.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
L. Aux.
5 00
5 00
5 00
5 00
2 00
5 00
RECAPITULATION
Available funds, March 20 $7,552 13
Receipts March 20 to April 24 477 00
Total $S.0 29 13
Less expenditures 243 68
Total funds available April 24 ., $7,7S5 45
Jin ffitm&xinm
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more.
%z&i in T^zsttt
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother CLARE ABRAHAM, Local No. 102, Cincinnati, O.
Brother JOHN W. ACKERMAN, Local No. 325, Paterson, N. J.
Brother JOHN A. ANDERSON, Local No. 740, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother WILLIAM BARTEL, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother ADAM J. BECK, Local No. 1055, Lincoln, Neb.
Brother ARTHUR BELL, Local No. 1590, Washington, D. C.
Brother LOUIS BERNSTEIN, Local No. 787, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother JOSEPH E. BLUNT, Local No. 18S8, New York, N. Y.
Brother CHESTER BORKOWSKI, Local No. 20, New York, N. Y.
Brother JAMES A. BRESNAHAN, Local No. 33, Boston, Mass.
Brother FRANK J. BRIDGES, Local No. 1798, Greenville, S. C.
Brother JOHN BRUSTMAN, Local No. 808, New York, N. Y.
Brother LAWRENCE BUTLER, Local No. 1590, Washington, D. C.
Brother N. G. CARLSON, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother FRANK CARPENTER, Local No. 592, Muncie, Ind.
Brother WILLIAM H. CASEY, Local No. 13, Chicago, III.
Brother OLIVER STE CLARKE, Local No. 1888, New York, N. Y.
Brother F. A. COLSON, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother BENJAMIN DEMEULE, Local No. 1210, Salem, Mass.
Brother MICHAEL J. DOWLING, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother IRVING DYER, Local No. 878, Beverly, Mass.
Brother E. E. ELLER, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother MAURICE FAHEY, Local No. 20, New York, N. Y.
Brother A. M. FEHLMAN, Local No. 1938, Crown Point, Ind.
Brother JOHN H. FENNE, Local No. 261, Scranton, Pa.
Brother WILLIAM FINDLEY, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
Brother MORRY FREEMAN, Local No. 33, Boston, Mass.
Brother R. H. FREEMAN, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
Brother JAMES GODWIN, Local No. 8, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother ALFRED HANSEN, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother RUFUS P. HARLOW, Local No. 1516, Salem, Mass.
Brother EARL HOWLETT, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
Brother SAM KOFFSKY, Local No. 1590, Washington, D. C.
Brother R. N. LAMBERT, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
Brother LARRY LYNCH, Local No. 1590, Washington, D. C.
Brother P. D. MARSHMAN, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
Brother JAMES J. McGURRIN, Local No. 261, Scranton, Pa.
Brother R. McROBERTS, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother EDWIN MILNER, Local No. 878, Beverly, Mass.
Brother N. G. MORGAN, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother MURDOCK D. NICHOLSON, Local No. 33, Boston, Mass.
Brother GEORGE J. NORIE, Local No. 924, Manchester, Mass.
Brother O. OKSANEN, Local No. 1244, Montreal, Que., Can.
Brother MICHAEL OTTINGER, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother ELMER PENNELL, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother FRANK PERKINS, Local No. 35, San Rafael, Cal.
Brother VINCENT PICCHIELLO, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother JOSEPH PIPES, Local No. 1752, Pomona, Cal.
Brother J. E. PROCTOR, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
Brother ROSCO B. RIGLER, Local No. 1055, Lincoln, Neb.
Brother EDWARD ROHRKASTE, Local No. 378, Edwardsville, N. Y.
Brother A. B. SENOR, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother E. M. SHEPPARD, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother S. S. SMITHYMAN, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother HERMAN STOEHR, Local No. 1602, Cincinnati, O.
Brother MARVIN F. TATUM, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother JOSEPH TENHUNDFELD, Local No. 1602, Cincinnati, O.
Brother S. TRAP AN, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother WALTER TURNER, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother RALPH W. WALLACE, Local No. 878, Beverly, Mass.
Brother E. L. WILLIAMS, Local No. 213, Houston, Tex.
CorrospondoncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
Local 2163 Honors a Great Member
At a meeting of Local Union No. 2163, New York City, held Friday, March
21, 194 7, a large turn-out of members assembled to do honor to Brother Charles
Barr, former Treasurer of the above Local Union.
For more than forty years Brother Barr had been continuously in office, up
to the time of his resignation at the end of last year.
He was elected Treasurer of the New York Second Branch of the Amalga-
mated Society of Carpenters and Joiners in 1906. and continued to serve in that
office up to and since the old Amalgamated merged with The United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners of America in 19 25.
This may not be a record in point of length of service; but the members of
Local Union Xo. 216 4 do claim that the quality of service (though it may have
been equalled) certainly never has been surpassed.
In the course of the evening Brother Barr was presented with a check for
$250. together with a framed testimonial which attested the appreciation of our
members for a job well done.
Brother Barr thanked the members of the local in a few well chosen words;
and his allusions to "by-gone days" had an especial interest for our older mem-
bers. '"Charlie" was then toasted at some length; others contributed song and
story and an enjoyable aud memorable evening was brought to a close with the
singing of "Auld Lang Sine."
CHICKASHA MEMBERS REMEMBER HEROIC BROTHER
On 2114 Idaho Street in Chickasha, Oklahoma, there stands a fine, white,
modern little bungalow. It is neither pretentious nor imposing, but it stands
as a monument to neighborliness, brotherhood and the great spirit of cooperation
that exists among Chickasha's citizens.
You see, that little bungalow is the home of Fred Thomasson. a member of
Local Union No. 653,, who paid a high price for the victory that ended the
recent war. Brother Thomasson returned from overseas with handicapping in-
juries. With his wife and two children he found the housing situation little short
of desperate. In return for the price he paid for victory he was getting back very
little in the way of compensation.
But the members of Local Union No. 65 3 eventually learned of his plight. And
when they learned of it, they decided to do something. They took the initiative
in a move to provide Brother Thomasson with a decent place to live. They ap-
pealed to the citizens of the community for funds to buy materials. The response
was good. Then with their own hands and with no thought of any pay they
tackled the job of turning out a decent home for their fellow worker. Day after
day they worked on the house. Plumbers. Painters and other building tradesmen
also responded. In a short while the attractive place on 2114 Idaho was com-
pleted. By the first of the year the Thomassons were ready to move in.
Today Brother Thomasson is proud of his fine new home and all Chickasha
is proud of the members of Local No. 653 and other building tradesmen who
made it possible.
Craft Problems
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 224
By H. H. Siegele
The level is a precision tool. It does
not matter what kind of a level you are
using, if it is not accurate, it is not a
level in the sense that the word is used
here. The same thing is true in speak-
ing of objects — a thing is either level
or it is not level. A word of caution
should be injected here, for if one is a
stickler for technicalities, what has just
been said is impossible. This depart-
ment has always stood for that which is
practical, and what is said here must
be considered on that basis. Precision
from a practical standpoint is what this
writer is striving for.
One of the most practical leveling
tools, the water level, is not used on the
job as much as it should be. The rea-
son for this is probably due to the
fact that it is not at hand when it is
needed, or if it is at hand, it takes a
little time to get it ready. A garden
hose with a glass tube inserted in each
Fii
end, filled with water, is all that is
needed.
Fig 1 shows parts of three rooms of
a building with a water level in position
for leveling. One end with a glass tube
is shown at A, and the other end is
shown at B. As a matter of precaution
a water level should be tested before
it is used. The test is simple. Bring
the two ends together as shown to the
left in Fig. 2. If the water line in one
tube is above the other, somewhat as
shown, it indicates that there is an air
bubble in the hose, which must be re-
moved to insure accuracy. A big differ-
ence in the water lines indicates a big
air bubble, while just a little difference
Fig. 2
means that the air bubble is small. An-
other test is shown at the center of Fig.
2. Hold the two ends together as shown
(one by dotted lines) and pull one of
them down. If the water does not ad-
just itself readily, there is either some
obstruction in the hose or else the
hose has a kink in it. Whenever a test
shows the water line of both tubes on a
level, as shown to the right, the level
is all right.
Fig. 3 shows how to operate the glass
tubes, where at A we have the estab-
THE CARPEXTER
29
lished line, and at B the sought point.
When the tube at A is placed to the
mark and the water line is above the
A
• Established Line
Sought
Point/
Fis
established line, bring the tube down
until the water line is level with the
established line. In case the water line
in the tube is below the established
line, raise the tube until the water line
is on a level with the established line.
When these two lines are together at
A, a signal is given for B to mark the
point.
Let us turn again to Fig. 1. To begin,
let the man at A hold the tube to the
established line, while B brings the tube
Fis
to point 1. When the water line is on
the established line, A signals to B, who
marks the point. Then B goes to point
2, and when the signal is given he marks
this point, then he marks point number
3, then number 4, and 5 and so on to
number 9. Haviug these points, a chalk
line is snapped from point to point, as
shown by the continuous line.
The aluminum level is one of the best
levels on the market. It is light, strong
and easy to pack. Fig. 4 is a drawing
of an aluminum level.
To test the plumb part of a level,
place the level against the surface of
a wall in a plumb position, and when
the bubble is on center, mark along the
edge. Then reverse the level, bringing
the same edge parallel with the line,
if the bubble centers, the plumb is accu-
rate, but if yoif have to move one end
of the level to center the bubble, then
i i
Fig. 5
it is out of adjustment and should be
adjusted before it is used.
Fig. 5, A, B and C, illustrate how
to adjust the plumb part of a level.
Place the level against the surface of
a wall, as shown at A, and when the
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Q.UICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
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building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
framing, and other subjects. $2.50.
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house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
BUILDING TRADES D ICTIONARY.— Has 380 p.
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
(The above books support one another.)
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry, 64 pages, brown
cloth binding and two-color title page. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS.— The prose companion of
Twights of Thought. Illustrated. Cloth. Only $1.00.
I pay postage when money accompanies the order.
Order U U CIST^d C" 222 So. Const. St.
tod»y. P" "■ »BtOEI-E Imporia,Kqnsa«
FREE — With 2 books, pushing Burtons free: with 3
hooks, Twigs of Thought and Pushing Buttons free
with 4 books, 3 $1.00 books free — books autographed.
30
THE CARPENTER
bubble centers, mark along one edge,
then reverse the level and center the
bubble, which in this case would bring
it in the position shown by the dotted
lines. Mark along the edge of the level
and you will have a V-shaped mark on
the wall, as shown at B. A mark is
placed halfway between the two upper
ends of the V. as shown, and then the
level is placed in the position shown
at C. In this position the plumb is ad-
justed sO that the bubble will center.
After making the adjustment, check on
it to be sure that it is right.
At D is shown how to check on the
accuracy of your o"w~n judgment, as to
knowing when the plumb bubble is on
center. Place the level against the sur-
Fig. 0
face of a wall in the plumb position, and
when the bubble is on center mark along
the edge. Then move the tool to one
side, in this case, 4 inches, and bring it
to a plumb position. When the bubble is
on center, mark along the edge. Now
rrfeasure the distance between the lines
at the top and also at the bottom. If
the two distances are the same, then
you have formed a habit of accurate
judgment, but if there is a difference
in the distances, then you are careless in
your judgment, which should be cor-
rected.
Fig. 6 shows a good way to test the
level part of a level. Fasten two wedges
to a firm base in the manner shown by
the drawings. The top drawing shows
a side view of the wed2es with the
Fig. 7
level resting on them, and the bottom
drawing shows a plan of the base and
the wedges. "When the wedges are in
place, put the level on them, say. as
shown by the dotted lines numbered 1.
This position will show the bubble to
the right, so the level will have to be
moved to the left, or from 1 to 2,
enough to bring the bubble on center.
This done, mark the wedges at the ends
of the level, as shown at 2 and 2 on the
bottom drawing. Now reverse the level
and bring the ends to the number 2
marks. If the bubble centers, the level
is true, but if the bubble shows to the
Fig. 8
left it indicates
adjusting.
[hat the level needs
Fig. 7 is a continuation of Fig. 6.
where the number 2 position is shown
by dotted lines on the upper drawing.
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
THEY HAVE
OUR CHART Blueprint 27" X 36"
"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
to find lengths of any rafter and make its tuts;
find any angle in degrees; frame any polygon 3 to
16 sides, and eut its mitres; read board feet rafter
and brace tables, octagon scale. Gives other valu-
able information. Also includes Starting Key and
Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and cuts
into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides, makes about
13 square feet of printed data showing squares full siz*.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
rafter having a run of from 2 to 23 feet; longer lengths are
found by doubling. Covers 17 different pitches. Shows lengths
of hips and valleys, commons, jacks, and gives the cuts for
each pitch, also the angle in degrees and minutes. Fastest
method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
who can read numbers can use it. NOT A SLIDE RULE but
a Slide Calculator designed especially for Carpenters, Con-
tractors and Architects. Thousands in us*. Piice S2. £HJ
postpaid. Cheek or M. 0., no stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdiek St., Div. 3, Kalamazoo 81. Mich.
THE CAR P E X T E R
31
The level was moved to the right enough
to again center the bubble, which
gave us position number 3. This posi-
tion should also be marked on the
wedges. At the bottom drawing the
wedges show the three positions that
the level has been in, numbers 1, 2 and
3. Now divide the spaces between the
2-marks and the 3-marks, as shown by
Fig. 9
the bottom drawing of Fig. 8 and num-
bered 4. Place the ends of the level to
these points, which will bring the bubble
to one side, or in this case to the right.
Now the level is in the position for
making the adjustment. After the ad-
justment is made, check the level by re-
Fig, i.0
versing it a number of times to make
sure that the bubble will always center.
If it does, the level is true..
Fig. 9 shows how to establish points
by sighting over a level. The level is
shown set for establishing the point to
the right. The other two points are es-
tablished in the same way, but the posi-
tion of the level must be changed to
bring it in the direction of the place
where the point is to be established.
Fig. 10 shows a detail of the upper
part of the barrel used for a stand in
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Learn to draw plana, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting Jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely Illustrated bookB cover subjects that will help you
to get more work and make more money. Architectural de-
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construction, painting and decorating, heating, alr-condl-
tionlng. concrete forms and man; other subjects are included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books art
the most up-to-
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we hare ever pub-
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many subjects.
Examination
BETTER JOBS - BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom is In full
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Coupon Brings Eight Big Books For
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers sinee 189*
Dept. G536 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
Tou may ship me the TJp-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and If fully satisfied in ten days. I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34 80 Is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Name
Address
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men In service, also give home address.
Fig. 9. On this barrel a block is
placed in such a way that the high end
will be level across the end. Then the
block is leveled from end to end and
wedged up, as shown to the left, with a
wedge like that showrn at 1. This level-
ing can be approximate. Then place the
level on the block, aiming it at the
place where you want to establish a
point. Wedge the low part of the level
writh a slender wedge, such as is shown
at 2, until it is on a level. This done,
you are ready to sight over it and
establish the point. Repeat this as often
as necessary.
LABEL of United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America
This label stands for a wage commensurate
with the labor performed, for superior workman-
ship, the mechanical training and education of
the apprentice and fair working conditions.
Be sure to see that it appears on all store
and bar fixtures, trim, cigar boxes and beer
bottle cases and on all wood products.
— ORGANIZE —
New Opportunities
*<f Carpenters
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
ing jobs. Be the man who gives orders
and draws the big pay check. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. Xo
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
E-108 Tech Bldg. 2000 So. Mich. Ave.
Chicago, 16, 111.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Kame
Address
^tat&Me NEW
with FOLEY RETOOTHER
It cuts a perfect row of new teeth on a handsaw
in 3 minutes! (No need to grind off old teeth.)
Saves time, relieves eyestrain, cuts filing time in
half. You handle more customers and make more
money. The Foley Retoother is a marvel for re-
conditioning all hand saws 'with broken or un-
even teeth, or hollowed edge due to poor filing.
Cuts 20 sizes of teeth from 4 to 16 points per
inch on all cross-cut, rip, back, mitre-box and
panel saws. Quickly pays for itself and earns
extra profits for you. Immediate Delivery. Send
coupon for circular.
Foley mfg.~co.~ l&Z£&g%Z.
Send tull details on Foley Retoother
Name
Address
MAKE CERTAIN
■ the Best 1
Carpenters agree that the bit
brace is one of the most essential tools.
Millers Falls places major emphasis on its
brace line, carefully watches every detail of
manufacture. The result is a brace that holds
an outstanding position for quality and
fine design.
When you choose your most important
tool, make certain you choose the best — a
Millers Falls Bit Brace.
One Thing in Common — Quality I
MILIEUS FALLS
TOOLS
MILLERS FALLS
COMPANY
Greenfield, Mass.
Immediate
Delivery
8931-L Venice Blvd.
DIIDD MCP f»A 89J1-L Venice Blvd
DUrtn Mrll. UU. Los Angeles 34, Co!
BOWL BETTER
WITH YOUR OWN
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MINERALITE
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BOWLING
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THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COUENDER CO.
Branches in all Principal Cities
■• all THE best ideas of skilled workers in
wood for over 70 years have been built into
these Stanley Planes. Naturally they feel
right and work right. Stanley Tools, 163 Elm
Street, New Britain, Connecticut.
THE TOOL BOX OF THE WORLD
[STANLEY]
Trade Mark
HARDWARE HAND TOOLS ■ ELECTRIC TOOLS
No. 5 Plane
%e Bit ouik a Bite
PAINE
Drill Bit
Holes come easily in masonry and concrete when
drilled with Paine Drill Bits. Carboloy tipped for
added cutting performance, they cut holes quickly
and quietly — without damaging the wall surface.
Available in sizes 3/16" through 1 1/4" diameters.
Ask Your Hardware Dealer or Write tor Catalog.
THE PAINE CO.
2967 Carroll Ave. Chicago, Illinois
Offices in Principal Cities
PAINE
FASTENING nrWBfrC
and HANGING UlYILlJ
AUDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
4voIs.*6
Inside Trade Information On: , pon beioW
ffow to use the eteel square — How to file and set
saws — How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — How to uso
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— ^Es-
timating strength of timbers — How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12, 13 and 17 on the
steel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds —
skylights — How to build stairs — How to put on
interior trim — How to hanft doors — How to lath-
lay floors — How to paint
nsido Trade Information
for Carpenters, Builders. Join-
ers, Building Mechanics and
all Woodworkers. These
Guides give you the short-cut
instructions that you want—
including new methods, ideas,
solutions, plans, systems and
money saving suggestions. An
easy progressive course for the
apprentice and student. A
practical daily helper and
Quick Reference for (ho master
worker. Carpenters every-
where are using these Guides
as a Helping Hand to Easier
Work, Better Work and Bet-
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance (or yourself, simply fill
II the FREE C0U-
THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City
Mail Audels Carpenter* and Builders Guides. 4 vols., on 7 days' free trial. If O.fC
7 will remit SI in 7 days, and $t monthly until $6 is paid. Otherwise 1 will return thenr
No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Name.
Occupation.
Bderence. .
CAR
ATKINS
For 90 years Atkins Saws have ranked
high with carpenters. This is vital
recognition. Carpenters handle saws
constantly; they're qualified to know which
saws give the best performance, the longest
service. That's why you'll find so many Atkins
saws in so many carpenters' kits.
Reasons for this are sound. Atkins Saws are correctly
designed, precision built, perfectly balanced. The
"Silver Steel" used in them insures rugged wear. Strong,
edge-holding teeth give the very maximum cutting between
filings.
E. C. ATKINS AND COMPANY
nam
Indianapolis 9, Indiana
CARPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
JUNE, 1947
you9 11 be glad
in 1957 . 1
□ □ □ □
. . . you bought
in 1947
MOW AVAILABLE!
Celd-sidinb
TRADE MARK
CELO-SIDING is a superior insulation sid-
ing. Its core is genuine Celotex Cane Fibre
Board, famous for insulation and strength.
It is Ferox-treated to resist termites, dry rot
and fungus growth. All sides and edges are
sealed against moisture by a coating of
asphalt, extra thick on the outside and
surfaced with a durable, colorful finish of
firmly imbedded mineral granules that
never needs painting!
A MULTI-PURPOSE PRODUCT!
Celo-Siding provides insulation plus sheath-
ing, structural strength and exterior finish
... all in one application ! So any building
built with Celo-Siding is low in cost, easy
to erect, has strong walls, requires no out-
side painting or maintenance. What's more,
it's warm and draft-free in winter, cool in
summer and is easy to heat and ventilate.
IDEAL FOR ANY UTILITY BUILDINGS!
Since insulated buildings can be built
quickly at low cost with Celo-Siding, it is
ideal for brooder houses, rain shelters, lay-
ing houses, work sheds . . . any type of util-
ity building.
THE CELOTEX CORPORATION • CHICAGO 3, ILLINOIS
A Celotex product
especially adapted
to insulated farm
building construction!
NATIONALLY ADVERTISED!
To tell your customers about this remark-
able new Celo-Siding, a national advertis-
ing campaign is now running in farm pub-
lications, telling them to see their lumber
dealers for Celo-Siding. In addition, mer-
chandising and display material is available
to the Celo-Siding dealer, to help you tell
the story of this remarkable product.
READY FOR YOU TO SELL NOW!
For complete information on how you can
cash in on the growing demand for Celo-
Siding, see your Celotex representative or
write us. Do it now!
Celotex dealers: we will supply Celo-Siding broad-
side for mailing to farmers on R. F. D. Box Holder
lists, imprinted with your name. No addressing nec-
essary. Only cost to dealer is IV2C postage per name.
Write us direct ordering number desired.
[ELC-SiDINC
One of the Famous
THBCflBFQJTm
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXVII — No. 6
IXDIAXAPOLIS, JUNE, 1947
One Dollar Per Yeai
Ten Cents a Cop3
— Con tents —
Class Laws Are Un-American - - - - 5
For the past several months President Hutcheson has been devoting every possible
moment to combating union-shackling legislation. La;t month he took to the radio to
tell the American people why class legislation will never work in America.
We Have the Formula
10
Although current production is highest in history and more peop'e are working than
ever before, citizens in all walks of life face the future with little confidence. Why?
Sixty-Two Years of Peace
Energy, The Magic Key
13
Can collective bargaining really work without strikes, lockouts or industrial strife?
Yes, says Lee Minton, president of the G ass Blowers Union. To prove his point, Presi-
dent Minton cites the case of his own union which for sixty-two years has had nothing
but harmonious relations with its employers — this despite bad times, great technological
changes in the industry and varied demand for the products produced.
19
Twentieth Century Fund, after exhaustive study, find; that the key to our produc-
tion miracles is not harder woik or more skill but rather a great expansion in the
amount of power ouiput.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Plane Gossip
Editorials -
Official
In Memoriam
Correspondence
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
8
16
20
21
22
2r,
27
Index to Advertisers
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22. 1915, at IXDIAXAPOLIS. IXD.. as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Auk. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917. authorized on July 8, 1918.
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All Contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Page
Carlson Rules 4th Cover
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
Greenlee Tool Co., Rockford, 111. 3
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 32
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Phila-
delphia, Pa. 4
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore 3rd Cover
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn. 3rd Cover
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, III. 31
Carpentry Materials
Celotex Corp., Chicago, III 1
Johns-Manville Corp., New York,
N. Y. 4
Doors
Overhead Door Corp., Hartford
City. Ind. 4th Cover
Technical Courses and Books
American Technical Society, Chi-
cago, 111. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, 111. 32
E. W. Hoffner, Chicago, 111 3
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 30
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans 28
Mason Engineering Service,
Kalamazoo, Mich. 29
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo 4
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y.__3rd Cover
IF YOU ARE A CARPENTER
and have had some experience in lumber YOU CAN
LEARN TO ESTIMATE CARPENTER WORK in a
surprisingly short time. 47 years experience in lumber-
ing and general construction brings to light new born
methods such as grading labor on lumber and other
items to prevent the estimator, or contractor, from
serious hidden disaster. Until you have used grading
labor on lumber you will still be in the dark.
Having some experience in lumber, that is the best
place to start, the rest will come much easier after
getting a sound footing.
These new born methods will give you the answer,
from farm building to skyscraper, or homes, remodel-
ing, repairs, wrecking, etc.
A post card with your name and address, and your
experience, will bring you the opportunity to make
your dreams come true. By return mail you will re-
ceive further information.
E. W. HOFFNER
3319 N. Clark St. Chicago 13, 111.
9 This easy-reoding GREENLEE HANDY
CALCULATOR swiftly solves your wood-
working problems. Just set the dial: convert
linear feet to board feet; get slope per
foot in degrees; compare hardness, weights,
shrinkage, warping and working ease of
various woods. More, too: bit sizes for head,
body, thread of screws; nail specifications;
tool sharpening hints; protractor. 6" diam-
eter, fits your tool kit. Heavily varnished
cardboard. Special offer. Order now, send
10<t (not stamps) in next mail. Greenlee
Tool Co., 2086 Columbia Ave., Rockford, III.
Johns-Manville
Get behind a
SPIRAL SCREW
DRIVER
and get ahead
of the job
YANKEE TOOLS NOW PART 0
(STAN LEY) |
THE TOOL BOX OF THE WORLO
Let the spiral
do the heavy
wrist work. A
simple push on a
sturdy "Yankee"
drives or draws the
with a spinning
start. Good for years
of smooth, willing part-
nership with your good
ght hand. Three sizes,
each with 3 size bits. Pop-
ular 30A size, range of
screws #2 to #8. For one-
hand operation, buy the 130A
'Yankee" with the "quick-
return" spring in the handle.
Send tor the "Yankee" Tool Book
NORTH BROS. MFG. CO.
Philadelphia 33, Pa.
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
"reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
j course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
Class Laws Are Un-American
For the past several months. General President Hutchison has been devoting every possible
moment to combating the anti labor legislation which Congress has been determined to pass.
Through personal contact, by letter writing, and even by the use of radio time. Bill has made
knoirn his opposition and the opposition of our Brotherhood to labor shackling legislation. The
folloiring ej-ccrpts are from a speech he made over station WLW and the National Broadcast-
ing Company early last month.
• • •
Fellow Americans:
NE OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES of our form of government
is that which is termed "Free Enterprise"'- — meaning' freedom of
individuals, either singly or in unison with others to engage law-
fully in pursuits of industrial, social, religious and economic life — with-
out governmental supervision and control.
In times of great emergency, reasonable restrictions may be neces-
sary, but when the crisis is past restrictions are no longer justified.
Both capital and labor are enter- —
prises which may be justifiably con- ate and to sympathetically assist in
trolled during times of national the problems and difficulties of their
peril, but both of these should alike employers. If, occasionally, agree-
be relieved of governmental re- merit could not be reached — and a
straint and edict when the emer- strike ensued — at least in the end
gency is over. Capital should be management and labor reached some
free to lawfully pursue its way to- understanding which was agreeable
ward its goal of achievement and to and understood and abided by
so should labor be permitted an both.
untrammeled pursuit of its legiti- An abrupt change in all this came
mate objectives. during the war years when the col-
For peace and harmony to reign lective bargaining heretofore de-
between the two — for they are scribed gave way to directives from
vitally dependent upon each other — ■ Washington.
neither must be shackled with un- An abundance of college profes-
just or discriminatory laws. sors and fledgling law graduates, and
During more than fifty years be- self-styled labor experts (who never
fore the last war (and I trust it re- had toiled nor managed a day in
mains the last) labor and manage- their lives) made rules and regula-
ment eventually sat down around tions and issued directives which
the conference table to thresh out neither labor nor management un-
their differences. They talked and derstood, nor could effectually apply
argued and debated, and frequently and the grand and glorious result
threatened, but in the majority of of all this was delay, confusion, ill-
instances amicable settlements were temper and industrial chaos,
reached and agreements were exe- With all this came maladjust-
cuted without a test of economic ments, while war time price in-
strength. creases and wage stabilization ex-
Across these conference tables tended into the post war period,
employers learned to know the With war's end industry recon-
problems and difficulties of their verted to peace-time endeavors with
employes, and converselv the em- as great dispatch as circumstances
ployes learned to know and appreci- and relaxing of controls permitted.
THE CARPENTER
Labor met with ever increasing
commodity prices, with the con-
stant decrease in value of the dol-
lar earned. Labor's demands for ad-
justment which necessitated an in-
creased wage, met with evasion or
stern opposition. Hence labor in
some instances — but not in all cases
as it would seem, was required to
resort to its one means of exerting
economic pressure — the strike.
It is deplored by all that some
of these strikes seriously threatened
our national economy and well-be-
ing, and that in others abuses or
violence resulted — which naturally
follows when strife and its attend-
ant ill-will exists between human
beings, individuals or groups there-
of.
These unfortunate occurrences
have supplied the excuse for the
lurking foes of labor who are ever
lying in wait for the slightest op-
portunity to wage an attack on la-
bors' rights.
That attack began with a hue and
cry for labor legislation to take
from labor what it had, through
legislation, through Court decision
and through its own peaceful, har-
monious agreements with industry
obtained step by step throughout
the years.
The time-worn slogan "LET'S
PASS A LAW" was brought forth,
dusted off and brandished with cru-
sade fervor.
Naturally, and admittedly, labor
did not want any labor or anti-labor
legislation. Labor knows — and so
does rightful thinking management
know — that legislation is not the
answer.
The legislation now under enact-
ment in the Congress is the fire-
brand type which threatens to de-
stroy the structure of peaceful in-
dustrial relations which may re-
quire years to abolish. Instead of
allaying adverse feeling and 'restor-
ing harmony between employer and
employee, this legislation will
create ill-will and bring about more
labor strife than we have ever ex-
perienced in the history of our
country.
Let us pause to note what this
legislation proposes to do. The Bill
passed by the House of Representa-
tives would deprive labor and man-
agement of the right to incorporate
in their agreements, provisions for
what the House misnames a "Closed
Shop." This provision has been
utilized and enjoyed by both man-
agement and labor for more than
fifty years, for it is recognized by
both management and labor as a
guarantee of peace and harmony, as
well as a guarantee that there will
be no work stoppages by reason
of union employes being forced to
work with non-union, non-dues-
paying employees.
As a further illustration of the
impracticability of the "Closed
Shop" proposition in the House Bill
— The United Brotherhood of Car-
penters and Joiners of America re-
quires every applicant to take a
solemn obligation that he will not
associate w i t h the Communist
Party, or any similar subversive or-
ganization. If the provision men-
tioned becomes a law we will be
obliged to accept all applicants for
membership into our Brotherhood
regardless of their affiliation with
the Communist Party or any similar
subversive organization.
Not only would this procedure
change the Clayton and Norris-La-
Guardia Acts, but it would lead to
government of industrial relations
by injunction and lead to constant
and unending labor strife.
Other provisions just as far
reaching in their intent and results
are contained in the House Bill.
THE CARPENTER
The Senate Bill, although less
drastic in all its details, is just as
subversive of unionism and just as
sure to foster strife between em-
ployer and employe as the House
Bill.
The chairman of the Senate La-
bor Committee has been quoted in
the press as making- the statement
that the provisions of the Senate
Bill (in the majority) were the
thoughts expressed by members of
industry.
We, of labor, have no objection
to any group of citizens, express-
ing their thoughts in reference to
legislative matters, but if the Sen-
ate Labor Committee thought it ad-
visable to get the opinions of em-
ployers, it would seem only fair and
right that they, likewise, should
have consulted representatives of
labor.
To follow out the foregoing sug-
gestion the Legislative Committee
representing the American Federa-
tion of Labor contacted the chair-
man of the Senate Labor Commit-
tee regarding this matter, and he,
the chairman, agreed that before
any labor bill was brought out of
committee he would contact the
Legislative Committee representing
the American Federation of Labor,
but he did not carry out his
promise.
To endeavor to show the unfair-
ness of the enactment into law of
the Bills now pending in Congress,
we would like to have it distinctly
understood that we of labor are only
asking that we be treated in the
same manner as other citizens of
our nation, and in carrying out the
principle of our form of govern-
ment— which has always recognized
self-initiative and free enterprise —
we should not have legislation that
discriminates against any group of
citizens.
We never have had class distinc-
tion in America. We should not
have class legislation, neither
should we have legislation by in-
junction.
John R. Alpine Passes Away
A long and distinguished career in labor, government and industry
came to an end early in April when John R. Alpine, succumbed to a long
illness at his home "in New York City. Starting life as a plumber, Mr.
Alpine played an important part in the organization of that trade.
In 1904 he was elected a member of the general executive board of the
United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and
Pipefitting Industry and two years later was elected president. In 1908
he became a member of the Executive Council of the American Federation
of Labor, a position he held until his retirement 12 years later.
During his distinguished career, Mr. Alpine served as labor advisor
in the Department of Labor during World War 1. He accompanied the
President to Paris in an advisory capacity during the peace conferences.
Selected by President Hoover as a special assistant to the Secretary of
Labor in 1931, he supervised the Federal Employment Service for some
time. During his tenure in office, the Service produced splendid results.
A capable organizer and a clear thinker, Mr. Alpine left a lasting
impression on the entire labor movement. His memory will not be soon
forgotten.
-5 IP
NOT SO FUNNY
After twenty years in a mental insti-
tution, Mr. Blank was being released as
cured. On the morning lie was to be
released, a number of attendants came
to his room to wish him well. As a
special privilege, the attendants allowed
Mr. Blank to shave himself. He started
out fine. But pretty soon, in turning
to say something to one of the attend-
ants, his razor slashed the string hold-
ing the mirror and it crashed to the
floor.
When Mr. Blank turned back to get
on with his shaving he looked at the
blank wall.
"Well, isn't that the irony of fate,"
he finally said. After twenty years in
this place, on the very morning when
I'm going to be let out, I cut my head
off."
And this sort of reminds us of the
kind of thinking some of the people
in Washington are doing on labor mat-
ters. They are losing their heads over
matters that require calm and deliberate
consideration.
Just like a woman — .§ i -s hasn't seen
her boii friend 1<>r tiro years and then
she turns oitt the liaht.
A NECESSARY INVENTION
According to a little squib in the
newspapers, a New Jersey inventor has
discovered a new type of binder that
makes it possible to turn out long-last-
ing, weather-resistant brick out of com-
mon mud. If true, the new invention
may make brick making obsolete.
However, we are just a little skep-
tical. Hardly a day passes but what
some sort of revolutionary building ma-
terial is announced. The years roll by
and we never see any of these new
super inventions.
To our way of thinking, if someone
wants to do something really big for
building, let him discover some way of
making building materials out of sta-
tistics. For several years now the gov-
ernment has been grinding out statistics
on a twenty-four hour day basis. And
the sad part of it is that the more sta-
tistics the government turns out, the
less houses there are for vets and other
citizens. If some genius could only dis-
cover some way of tying statistics to-
gether in such a way that they would
keep out the rain and cold our housing
problems could be solved in short order.
In the meantime, home buyers have
to put up with something like the fol-
lowing:
A builder was making an inspection
trip on a row of partly finished bunga-
lows he was putting up. As he came
to the first cottage he stationed his
foreman on the other side of a wall and
then called out, "Can you hear me?"
"Yes, I can," replied the foreman.
"Can you see me?" the contractor
next called out.
"No," replied the foreman.
"That." commented the contractor,
is what I call a good wall."
There is no such think as an inevi-
table war. If war comes, it will come
through the failure of human wisdom.
— Bonar I r*w
THE CARPENTER
STANDARD PROCEDURE
"Ruth," moaned her long-suffering
husband, "you promised you wouldn't
buy a new dress. What made you do
it?"
"Dear," replied the modern Eve, "the
devil tempted me."
"Why didn't you say, 'Get thee be-
hind me, Satan?' " the poor man in-
quired.
"I did," the little woman replied
sweetly, "and then he whispered over
my shoulder, 'My dear, it fits you
beautifully in the back.' "
And the thought just occurs to us
that the "it fits you just beautifully in
the back" technique is the standard
operational procedure of the Com-
munists, Fascists and other "ism" back-
ers in America.
LEARNING THE HARD WAY
Latest of the C. I. O. Big Wigs to stub
his toe on the issue of Communism is
Joe Curran, president of the National
Maritime Union. For years Curran
waltzed along cheek by jowl with the
Reds in his union. All was eggs in
the coffee until Curran recently woke
up to the fact that he was soon going
to be on the outside looking in. Now
he is bucking the Reds with all his
might.
Thus comes to a sad ending another
epic of a man trying to carry water on
both shoulders. Like a lot of his col-
leagues, Curran has learned through
bitter experience that you can't poke
around in a hornet's nest without get-
ting stung. He sort of reminds us of
a boy who came to Sunday School with
a "shiner."
"Why, Johnnie!" exclaimed the
teacher, "didn't last Sunday's lesson
teach you that when you are struck
on one cheek you ought to turn the
other?"
"Yes'm," replied Johnnie, "but he
hit me on the nose and I only got one
of them."
• • •
SO SAYS PAUP
"Don't let the knockers worry you,"
says Joe Paup to the graduating class
for 1947. "Remember no one who keeps
kicking you in the pants can ever get
ahead of you."
WHO KNOWS?
If you do not read the newspapers
from beginning to end you miss some
mighty interesting information. For
example, the other day a Chicago news-
paper carried a story on page two tell-
ing about Britishers paying seventy-five
cents a pound for potatoes in London.
On page twenty-seven of the same issue
was a story telling how our govern-
ment was ruining untold thousands of
tons of surplus potatoes by staining
them with a secret dye that made them
unsuitable for human consumption but
suitable for hog feed at one cent a
pound. On still another page was a
story telling about the millions of tons
of wheat that are being exported to
England at two dollars per bushel.
For years pigs could ride a straight-
through car from one coast to the other.
It took fifty years of plugging before
the same privilege was extended to hu-
man passengers who always had to
change cars at Chicago. Who knows?
Maybe in some bright future day hu-
man beings may even be able to eat
at the same price as hogs.
• • •
IT'S THE SEASON FOR IT
The season being Spring, our fa-
vorite philosopher, Joe Paup, uncovered
his crystal ball and came up with the
following:
"Card playing can be expensive — but
so is any game where you hold hands."
What can I do for you — if anything?
10
We Have The Formu
• • •
WHAT is the matter with this country?
Our factories and farms and mines are producing" goods at a
rate never dreamed possible even a few years ago ; yet people in all
walks of life are afraid and apprehensive of the future. Our national in-
come is nearly twice as high as it has ever been in history ; yet many of our
leaders are literally keeping their fingers crossed. Our working force is
several millions higher than it was during the war years : yet the spectre
of unemployment is peering over the shoulder of millions of our people.
Why? Why should people in a country as rich in brains and resources as
America face the future with little, if any real confidence?
There are probably as many an- '
swers to this paradox as there are
individuals thinking about it. The
professors and the economists and
the brain trusters have fancy and
involved theories with which to ex-
plain the unhappy situation. The
bankers and industrialists have still
other theories. But all the working
man knows is that despite the fact
he is working steadily at present
he, can hardly keep his nose above
water financially speaking. He
knows that the wage increases he
has received since 1941 have been
more than gobbled up by skyrock-
eting prices. Realizing this, he asks
himself, "If I can't make a go of it
now when I am working more hours
than ever before, how am I going
to fare when things tighten up a
little and work becomes less plenti-
ful?"
For millions of workers in the
lowest income group, inflation and
an economic breakdown are not
things to think about or worry
about at some future date. For these
people inflation and an economic
breakdown are already here. In the
manufacturing industries, the aver-
age wage throughout the nation is
somewhere in the vicinity of forty-
five dollars per week ; which means
that a large percentage must earn
less than that amount. At todav's
prices, the family head bringing
home thirty-five to forty dollars a
week cannot hope to maintain his
little brood in anything even re-
motely resembling living comfort.
If there are savings, they are dipped
into to supplement earnings so that
a half-way decent standard of liv-
ing can be maintained. Where there
are no savings or the savings are
used up. one after another of the
less essential items have to be
dropped.
How can these people have con-
fidence in the future when it is im-
possible for them even to have con-
fidence in the present? They are
caught in the economic vise of sky-
rocketing prices and lagging wages.
They have had lots of promises of
relief but month by month the jaws
of the vise have tightened a little.
The economic squeeze has unfail-
ingly become a little bit more dras-
tic. A little bit more tightening and
actual starvation will be staring
them and their families in the face.
Though some Congressmen and
many members of the National As-
sociation of Manufacturers mav
THE CARPENTER
11
think so, the American worker is no
fool. He can do a little bit of think-
ing on his own and he can remember
things for more than a couple of
days. For example, he can remem-
ber back a year ago when the fate
of OPA was hanging in the balance.
At that time the NAM was flooding
the nation with propaganda to the
effect that OPA and price controls
were holding back economic recov-
ery. In June, 1946, the NAM said:
"If OPA is permanently discon-
tinued, the production of goods will
mount rapidly and prices will
quickly adjust themselves to levels
that consumers are willing to pay.
. . . Prices will be fair and reason-
able to all."
To those who have had to do the
family shopping since June of last
year, we do not have to point out
how wrong the predictions of the
NAM turned out to be. Production
of all items has steadily climbed,
and the prices of those same com-
modities have climbed even faster.
In the same month of last year
(June), Senator Wherry of Nebras-
ka said :
"Mr. Bowles has said that if price
controls were eliminated the price
of meat would go up fifty per cent.
Mr. Bowles is trying to scare us.
My prediction is that without price
control meat will cost less than to-
day." (Meat prices are now prac-
tically eighty per cent higher than
they were in June, 1946.)
Now these same forces that pre-
dicted everything would be peaches
and cream if price controls were re-
moved are trying to sell the nation
on the idea that curbing the unions
will bring about an era of peace
and prosperity. They are as wrong
now as subsequent developments
proved them to be wrong in 1946
when they were damning price con-
trols.
We do not know why college pro-
fessors and bankers are afraid of
the future, but we do know why
the average worker feels the same
way. He feels that way because he
knows that the forces of greed are
now in the saddle. Day in and day
out, ever since Germany capitulated,
he has been told that production is
the answer to all our problems.
Month in and month out, production
has climbed. Still his plight has
worsened instead of improved. Pro-
duction is now running something
like thirty per cent above our best
previous effort. At the same time
the contents of his pay envelope buy
less food and clothing than they
ever did; this despite the fact he
is working steadier now and earn-
ing higher wages than he ever
earned before.
Through his union, the average
worker has made a valiant effort to
keep wages in line with prices. De-
spite all his union could do, prices
outran wages drastically. Now the
same forces that knocked out price
controls after making him glowing
promises about lower prices are out
to tie the hands of his union. No
wonder he is skeptical. No wonder
he faces the future without enthusi-
asm. He remembers how the same
forces of greed hamstrung the
unions after the first world war. He
remembers the profit orgy they in-
dulged in after they reduced the
unions to impotency. And lastly, he
remembers the terrible depression
that followed the bursting of the
bubble. Now he sees the same forces
playing exactly the same sort of
game. And he knows the eventual
result will be the same — depression,
unemployment and privation ■ — if
greed succeeds in its efforts to tie
the hands of the unions.
That confusion and fear should
exist in a nation as enlightened and
12
THE C A R P E X T E R
as wealthy as the United States is
pathetic. Within ourselves, our ter-
ritory and our people — we have all
the elements necessary for perma-
nent prosperity. "We have the re-
sources, we have the technical
knowledge, we have the brawn. We
live under a system that places no
limitations on a man's capacities or
ambition — up to now. that is. Men
have been free to work or not to
work : they have been free to pro-
duce goods or not produce goods;
they have been free to practice self-
determination in matters pertaining
to their own welfare. And under
these principles we have delivered
more of the good things of life for
more people than any other system
devised by the mind of man.
Despite the achievements we have
made, we have still only scratched
the surface. In the next thirty years
we can double our standard of liv-
ing and permanently banish poverty
from our midst. We can do these
things if we keep greed out of the
saddle. We can do them if ALL
men remain free to pursue their
legitimate objectives without coer-
cion or dictation from the govern-
ment or from any other group. We
can do them if we avoid discrim-
inatory laws and undue restrictions
aimed at any particular group.
During the war years there was
much talk of a formula for perma-
nent prosperity. It was as simple
as it was foolproof. It consisted
of three parts: high wages; low
profits : and tremendous volume.
High wages are needed to maintain
purchasing power. Low profits are
needed to keep prices down so that
more people can buy. Large volume
is needed so that decent returns can
be made on investments and jobs
can be kept at high levels. Had that
formula been followed, our return
: normalcy migrht well have been
accomplished. Instead, greed
grabbed the reins. Prices were driv-
en sky-high. The ability of the
people to buy diminished and al-
ready shrinking volume is making
itself felt as a result.
It is not yet too late to return
to that formula. It is still there
waiting for our nod of approval.
It still offers us a way out of our
difficulties. It still offers us a
chance to banish fear of the future
and a chance to build a lasting and
sound prosperity.
With most of the rest of the
world engulfed in one sort of '"ism*'
or another, America, with its free
institutions and free citizens, offers
these downtrodden peoples their one
ray of hope. They look to us as a
guiding beacon toward brotherhood,
equality, and dignity in man. If we
make our democratic way of life
a prosperous and peaceful one we
can inspire them to a continued
struggle for the achievement of si-
milar results in their own lands. If
we bog down our economy in a
morass of unemployment, privation
and hardship : or if we fetter any of
our free institutions which serve
as vehicles of self-betterment for
our common people, we take away
from them their last hope for
achieving a decent life for them-
selves.
We in America have now reached
the crossroads. One way points to-
ward peace and prosperity and con-
tinued freedom for all our people
and all our institutions. The other
way points toward depression and
misery at the end of a long highway
of profit-grabbing, special interest
and inflationary wingdinging. There
is no choice. We must follow the
way that points toward a better way
of life for all of us. Now is the
time to firmly plant our feet on that
road.
13
Sixty -Two Years of Peace
Can lasting industrial peace be established between labor and management?
Yes, says Lee W. Minton, president of the Glass Blowers Association, whose union
has for sixty-two years adjusted differences with employers without a single
strike or lockout. The secret? Good old-fashioned collective bargaining, sincerely
practiced by both sides.
By LEE W. MINTON
President, Glass Bottle Blowers Assn. of the United States and Canada
* *
NE of the mysteries of our modern age is wli3r the problems of
labor-management relations should throw our entire nation into a
dither and churn up such a commotion in Congress over crackpot
legislation which would do far more harm than good.
Frankly, I can't see what the fuss is all about; for the problems of
labor-management relations are essentially simple and can be easily solved
through the application of good sense and good will by both sides. No
new laws are needed.
I know. I know because the union
of which I am president and the
industry which it serves have en-
joyed peaceful and cooperative re-
lations without a break since 1885
— that's over sixty years, a long
enough stretch to prove to any fair-
minded citizen that we've got the
right answer.
What is this answer? Nothing
more nor less than true collective
bargaining.
The glass container industry and
the Glass Bottle Blowers Associa-
tion of the United States and Can-
ada have practiced true collective
bargaining on an industry-wide lev-
el since 1885. The results have been
almost miraculous. The employers
are gratified, the members of our
union are well satisfied and the pub-
lic is getting a real break through
the record-breaking production of
high-grade glass containers at rea-
sonable prices.
Unfortunately, our story is not
Avell known. Perhaps we have been
remiss until now, in hiding our light
under a bushel. Certainly, the Con-
gressional committees which have
been giving recalcitrant employers a
field day in airing their beefs
against labor unions overlooked a
good bet, if they were sincerely
seeking the truth, in not inviting
some of the employers in the glass
container industry to tell their
story. In this case, I believe the
constructive truth about union-man-
agement cooperation would have
been more spectacular than the de-
structive libels about labor-manage-
ment strife.
This story begins, really, some-
where around the middle of the last
century when glass blottle blowing
was a highly skilled craft, entirely
hand-operated. The industry was in
a sad state, with production at puny
levels, and completely lacking in
stability. Prices, naturally, were
high, yet wage income was low be-
cause of irregular employment.
The glass blower of those days
was compelled to purchase all his
wordly goods at so-called "company
stores." He was paid mostly in a
kind of scrip called "market mon-
14
THE CARPENTER
ey." Certain amounts of his pay
were withheld from him and retain-
ed by the employer until such time
as the "fires" were turned off the
pots each summer and the workers
more or less cast adrift.
Under these conditions, profits
were sketchy for management, the
annual income of the workers un-
satisfactory and the public paid too
much for too little.
Proud of their skill and artisan-
ship and desirous of strengthening
their economic power and prestige,
the glass blowers began to organize
into local unions. These fledgling
organizations, after years of strug-
gle for recognition, began bargain-
ing with employers in the early
Seventies and then developed a re-
gional or district system a decade
later. It was not until 1885 that a
national system was developed,
with weekly wage rates and piece
rates established on an industry-
wide basis covering all companies
manufacturing glass containers.
Ever since that day there has been
alhiost perfect peace in labor-man-
agement relations in this industry.
Not a single general strike has in-
terrupted production. During the
whole long period of transforma-
tion of the industry from a hand-
operated to a mechanized basis, de-
spite all the trials and upheavals
involved, we kept our record un-
marred.
During the early Twenties the
hand machine made its appearance.
Then came the semi-automatic ma-
chine and finally the fully auto-
matic machine was installed in the
industry. These developments rev-
olutionized the industry. Mechani-
zation, of course, caused an imme-
diate and widespread displacement
of hand blowers and lowered wages
in the industry tremendously. But
the skilled sflass blowers realized
that they were bound to be displac-
ed ultimately by the machines and
agreed to adjust themselves to the
inevitable change rather than fight
a battle against industrial progress
which would have been doomed to
failure anyway. Our union, there-
fore, instead of resisting mechaniza-
tion, cooperated with the industry
in the installation of machinery.
Thus our members were able to pro-
tect their job opportunities, even
though they suffered an initial re-
duction in wages.
This policy of intelligent coop-
eration with management, with a
willingness to make temporary sac-
rifices for the sake of even greater
progress in the future, has paid off
handsome dividends to the workers,
to the industry and to the public as
well.
Today there are far more people
employed in the industry than there
were before mechanization. Wage
rates have advanced tremendously
during the past ten years and at the
same time investors and stockhold-
ers have been able to gain greater
aggregate profits. The answer is
high productiont — the only answer
to the wage-profit-price problems of
our times.
Let's look for a moment at the
industry's production record. With-
out going back to ancient history,
we find that 50,000,000 gross of glass
containers were produced in 1939.
By 1941 the total had increased to
70,000.000 gross. By 1946 it had
reached the huge level of 115,000,-
000 gross, more than double the 1939
figure.
These production figures mean a
great deal to the American people.
They mean that such important
items in our daily life as food,
coffee, milk and beverages can be
put in clean and sanitary glass con-
tainers without any extra cost to the
THE CARPENTER
15
consumer. The health and welfare
of the American people are thereby
promoted by good labor-manage-
ment relations.
I do not mean to claim that all
these advances in the industry are
due solely to effective cooperation
between the union and employers.
The inventive genius of the in-
dustry, of course, has contributed
greatly to its wide expansion of
production. But it must be con-
ceded that the practical and for-
ward-looking policy of the union
made it possible to attain the pres-
ent huge volume of production. Our
employers would be the last ones to
deny that.
Seldom, anywhere in the world,
can there be found a more sincere
and trusting and constructive de-
gree of collaboration than exists
between the owners and managers
of the glass container industry and
the union representing their em-
ployes.
We have been meeting together in
annual conferences ever since 1885,
and . we have grown to like and
respect each other increasingly.
Here's how our collective bargain-
ing machinery works :
During the month of July each
year, the representatives of the un-
ion and management meet in At-
lantic City to discuss and settle
mutual problems for the coming
contract year. These conferences
last from three to five days. Pro-
posals are presented to the confer-
ence by both sides thirty days in
advance, so that the participants can
be fully prepared to meet and nego-
tiate all issues. By common con-
sent, the conferences are conducted
along good business lines, with a
minimum of bitterness and a time-
saving absence of tirades. The main
idea of both sides is to get together,
rather than to keep apart.
Wage rates and working condi-
tions, once agreed upon, apply to
workers in all sections of the coun-
try. In our industry we have suc-
ceeded in killing the economic curse
of geographical differentials.
The contract itself is kept
simple, so that it can be easily read
and understood by all members.
One of its most important provi-
sions is that which lends stability
to its terms. The president of the
union and the secretary of the man-
ufacturers' group are empowered to
adjust any dispute that may arise
between conferences. When they
agree on a settlement, their decision
becomes final and binding unless
revoked by a future conference.
The same principle is applied to
local disputes which fail of solution
at the local level. On motion of ei-
ther side, the matter is referred to
the president of the national union
and the manufacturers' secretary
for investigation and disposition.
During this period the plant re-
mains in operation and working
conditions are not changed. If the
two referees are unable to reach
agreement, the dispute goes for
final determination to the next con-
ference, where a vote is taken on
whether to uphold or reject the
complaint.
Sounds easy, doesn't it? Well, it
is easy, provided both sides are
willing to forego distrust and bit-
terness and learn to have confidence
in the other fellow's fairness and
good will. That is what is most
required in order to make collective
bargaining effective. And our law-
makers in Congress should please
note, before irreparable damage is
done, that true and effective collec-
tive bargaining, with a full degree
of free enterprise for both sides, is
the only American way to preserve
the American way of life.
Editorial
Theories Versus Fact
In the April issue of the monthly pamphlet issued by the Consumer
Bankers' Association there is some very interesting reading- Practically
the entire pamphlet is devoted to an analysis of current business condi-
tions and conditions as they should develop within the next few months.
The pamphlet admits that distribution is all fouled up in the nation. In
fact it is titled "Too Little And Too Late In Distribution."
The part of the pamphlet that interested us most was the part that con-
cerned itself with the backlog of orders for goods of all kinds. The
writer seemed alarmed at the high percentage of orders for automobiles,
washing machines, and other durable goods that turn out to be worthless
when the dealer actually has goods to deliver. He tells about one manu-
facturer of electrical gadgets who decided to test the validity of orders
in the hands of sales outlets. By arrangement, the dealers in one isolated
community were told that all orders in their files would be filled within
ten days. This particular segment of pent-up demand melted rapidly
when goods were actually forthcoming. Approximately three-fourths of
the orders were cancelled when dealers called up their clients to tell them
the goods were on the way.
With the usual academic approach, the writer had a lot of involved
theories as to why cancellations should run so high. He blamed duplica-
tion of orders — that is, the same person ordering the same item from
many dealers — for much of the trouble. He also blamed new competition
entering the field, pipelines filling up. etc.
Perhaps all his theories are right to some extent. There undoubtedly
is a lot of duplication in orders because people want to get a car or refrig-
erator as soon as they can : and most of them figure they can do better by
having an order with several dealers. But the bald facts in the case are
that the vast bulk of the American consumers have been priced out of
the market. Increased living costs have eaten up savings. People who
felt they were in a position to swing a new car eight or ten months ago
are now finding it hard to meet ordinary living expenses out of their
earnings. As prices climb higher more and more people find themselves
in this predicament.
It is no secret to any one that the real consumer demand in this country
comes from the ordinary wage earners. They must be in a position to buy
luxuries if durable goods manufacturers are to have anything even re-
sembling prosperity. Right now they are not in such a position. Not only
are the prices of luxury items beyond their reach at present, but worse
yet, food and clothing prices are so high more and more families are
finding it impossible to provide even the bare essentials of decent living.
The situation cannot continue indefinitely. Something is bound to pop
sooner or later. When it does, look out below. The crash is going to be
terrible.
THE CARPENTER 17
Economists can develop all the fancy theories they want, but the
simple truth is that the common people must have purchasing- power to
keep the wheels of our economy humming. When too high prices or too
low wages prevail, disaster follows. Right now high prices and low
was:es are setting- the staere for trouble ahead.
Less Fighting — More Farming
Recently Congress placed its stamp of approval on substantial finan-
cial aid to Greece and Turkey. Billions have already been "loaned" to
England and France, and a host of other European countries are now
knocking on our doors for financial handouts of one kind or another.
As a labor journal, international finance and displomacy are admittedly
beyond our scope. However, common sense is the basic component of
all human relationships, and neither the diplomats nor financiers have a
monopoly on common sense. From a common sense point of view, we
cannot help but wonder about the ultimate value of some of these '"loans"
as a stabilizing force in world affairs. Admittedly they are being made as
a means of halting the march of Communism and building instead, some
sort of a stable regime out of the confused and chaotic European picture
which is undershot with all kinds of tensions, mistrusts and antipathies.
And if our understanding of the matter is correct, sizable portions of
most loans are earmarked for explosives and weapons of war.
If our object is peace in Europe, it seems somewhat confusing that
armaments should supersede foodstuffs in importance. To our way of
thinking, what this world needs is less fighting and more farming. Until
we achieve this desirable end. war will never be very far out of the
picture.
.That we are not alone in this belief is amply demonstrated by an edi-
torial recently published by Farm Journal. Says that worthy publication:
"What this world needs is tractors and plows, rather than tanks and
guns . . . instead of sending diplomats in striped pants, maybe the U.S.
ought to send a few good County Agents and Future Farmers of America
armed with equipment that won't explode . . . the international confer-
ences have not accomplished much. Perhaps a few Farmers' Institutes
and Farmers' Weeks overseas would do more for the cause of peace."
To our way of thinking, the above editorial comes close to hitting the
nail on the head. Hunger and poverty breed discontent; and discontent
leads to wars. TNT and gunpowder cannot alleviate hunger, but wheat
and potatoes can.
It is not our intent to be critical of either Congress or our diplomats
or our foreign policy. In the face of existing conditions, they are prob-
ably pursuing the wisest course. But our common sense tells us there will
never be any lasting peace until farm machinery replaces war machinery
as the No. i product of the world.
A Sad Commentary
Lobbying is rapidly becoming one of the major industries in Wash-
ington, D. C. If the trend continues, we may eventually become a Lobby-
18 THE CARPENTER
ocracy instead of a Democracy. At the present time there are something
like 738 persons working at the lobbying trade at the Capital. They are
drawing down better than four million dollars a year in salary and the
Lord only knows how much in expenses. The above figures were revealed
by the latest report of the Secretary of the House.
As might be expected, the vast bulk of these legislative gigolos are
representing the big interests. Many of them draw down salaries that
very definitely put them in the upper brackets. One lobbyist employed
by the power trust reputedly knocks down S65.000 per year in salary, plus
expenses that probably look like a sizeable chunk of the national debt.
That so many lobbyists can flourish in Washington is a sad commen-
tary on the state of our democracy. Surely these men must be delivering
the goods or Big Business would not continue paying them, since all
business is particularly sensitive in the region of the pocketbook. The
ones who fail to deliver certainly do not last long. In view of the money
they cost for wine, entertainment, and lavish living they must return the
special interests that employ them substantial dividends.
Any and all groups should and must have the right to make known
their individual opinions on any piece of legislation: that is democracy.
But when it comes to hiring smooth, in-the-know operators with unlimitied
bank accounts to work for or against legislation, the time has come for
democracy to do a little housecleaninng.
The Women Must Do Their Share
According to the American Federation of Women's Auxiliaries of
Labor, there are approximate!}- two and a half million members in the
various women's auxiliaries to trade unions. Something like thirty mi-llion
women are eligible to join. In view of the present situation, the lack of
organization among the wives and daughters of union men is not a par-
ticularly happy omen.
To anyone reading a labor paper it is no secret that the unions are
under assult. In the halls of Congress as well as in the various state
legislatures, anti-labor measures are filling the hoppers. Why: Because
selfish interests are bent on smashing unionism and thereby paving the
way for unlimited profits for themselves. The groups backing anti-union
legislation are putting out a lot of propaganda about "protecting the free-
dom of workers'' and "maintaining the American way," etc. but at the
bottom of their fight against unionism is the old, selfish desire to dictate
what wages and working conditions shall be.
In America the wives are financiers in nine households out of ten.
They have as great a stake in maintaining decent wages as the union men
themselves have. A decrease in wages or an increase in prices hits them
as hard as anyone.
There is no limit to what women can do through their auxiliaries. They
can boost union label goods, they can take political action (and the Lord
knows that is something we are going to need), they can back up their
union men. If all of us who work for a living are going to maintain decent
living standards for ourselves, the women are going to have to do their
full share. They cannot do it if only a small percentage is organized.
J
19
ENERGY, The Magic Key
ACKING UP manpower with machine power is the secret of
America's spectacular achievements in both wartime and peacetime
production, says the Twentieth Century Fund's new survey of
America's Needs and Resources, which shows that in 1944 we turned out
nearly 27 times as much in goods and services as we did in 1850, with a
labor force only 8^ times as large but using 343 times as much mechanical
energy in doing so.
"Productivity is the key to future welfare," says Dr. J. Frederic Dew-
hurst. Economist of the Fund, who directed a staff of twenty experts in
the three-and-a-half year job of ■
compiling the survey and did the
major part of writing and editing
the report. "The only way to raise
the ultimate ceiling on production,
which is manpower, is through fur-
ther increases in output per worker
and per man-hour."
Pointing to the use of machines
and inanimate energy as the central
factor in this process, Dr. Dewhurst
says, "Over the long run the 'effi-
ciency' of the individual worker is
a minor element in the productivity
of the labor force. The most ener-
getic and skillful shoemaker work-
ing long hours with the hand tools
of a century ago could not remotely
approach the productivity of to-
day's semi-skilled operative, work-
ing with the aid of automatic pow-
er-driven machinery.
"Over the past century we have
achieved a fabulous increase in out-
put per man-hour, not by working
harder or more skillfully, but by
constantly devising new and better
machinery to augment human effort
by the use of vast amounts of inani-
mate energy. What our labor force
will be able to turn out in the
1950 decade depends on its size and
on future trends in working hours,
but more than anything else, on
the extent of further gains in pro-
ductivity."
In making the survey's main esti-
mates of what the total output of
goods and services might be in 1950
and i960 if our economic system is
operated at high levels, Dr. Dew-
hurst has assumed that productivity
will continue to increase at the aver-
age rate of increase for all the dec-
ades between 1850 and 1940. This
average is 18 per cent, and using it
as a base the survey estimates 1950's
total output of goods and services
in the United States at $177 billion
and 1960's output at $202 billion.
In explaining how output goes
up while hours of work go down,
Dr. Dewhurst comments, "This les-
sening of human toil and advance-
ment of human welfare has been
made possible by harnessing tre-
mendous amounts of mineral energy
(coal, oil, water power, etc.) to mul-
tiply human effort — with all that
this implies in terms of the applica-
tion of scientific discoveries, engi-
neering and managerial skills and
large-scale capital investment."
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General "Vice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretary
PRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District, CHARLES JOHNSON, JR.
Ill E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Second District. WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bldg., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Third District. HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave.. Cleveland, O.
Fourth District. ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St., Florence, S. C.
Fifth District. R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page. Dallas, Texas
Sixth District. A. W. MUIR
Box 1168. Santa Barbara, Calif.
Seventh District. ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
WM. L. HUTCHESON. Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
NOTICE 1
At the recent meeting of the General Executive Board consideration
was given to the question of eliminating the acceptance of former service
men without the payment of initiation fee.
The Board in reaching their conclusion decided that former service
men had been given ample opportunity to express their desire of affiliation
with our organization, and decided that the action for accepting former
service men without the payment of initiation fee was to terminate July i,
1947, which means on and after that date, all applicants will be required to
pay the usual initiation fee.
2803 Woodlake. Cal.
1522 Martel, Cal.
1541 Vancouver. B. C, Can.
2818 Hattiesburg, Miss.
2837 Newton, Texas
2861 Vernon, B. C, Can.
2865 Winslow, Ariz.
2928 Winslow Chevalon Cp.,
Ariz.
2930 Port Arthur, Ont., Can.
1545 Kingston, N. Y.
1546 Ashdown. Ark.
1554 Buffalo. N. Y.
2945 Superior. Mont.
1561 McDonough, N. Y.
NEW CHARTERS ISSUED
1566 Newcastle, Ind. 3014
2980 Campbellsville. Ky. 3015
1600 Leamington, Out.. Can. 1716
2557 Thorn, Cal. 1641
1617 Greenport, L. I., N. Y. 1719
2993 Plains, Mont. 1722
1628 Minneapolis, St. Paul, 1724
Minn. 3017
2999 Estacada. Ore. 1728
3001 Reston. Ore. 1744
2990 Kamloops. B. C. 3019
3003 Victoria, B. C. Can. 1755
3004 Lvle, Wash. 2727
3012 Frankfort, Ky. 3021
Henderson. Ky.
Shreveport, La.
Richmond, Va.
Little Falls. N. Y.
Kimberley. B. C. C:i
Arkadclphia, Ark.
Liberal. Kansas
Beaumont. Miss.
Conway. S. C.
Hattiesburg. Miss.
Clarksville, Ark.
Parkersburg, W. Va.
Healdshurg. Cal.
Bozeman, Mont.
tsatsuiimMBBTm
m
em&rx&m
Xot lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory.
Xot dead, just «oue before; And will forever more
lUesi in |3£HC£
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother ERNEST ALVES Local No. 1887, New Braunfels, Tex.
Brother ROBERT BODENBURG, Kent, Ottawa and Muskegon D. C, Mich.
Brother WALTER B. BRADSHAW, Local No. 1382, Rochester, Minn.
Brother CHAS. CARLSON, Local No. 141, Chicago, 111.
Brother JOSEPH N. CARLSON, Local No. 141, Chicago, 111.
Brother ALFRED DIXON, Local No. 141, Chicago, III.
Brother JOSEPH DRASZKIEWICZ, Local No. 20, Tompkinsville, N. Y.
Brother THOMAS DUCEY, Local No. 56, Boston, Mass.
Brother HENRY EPSTEIN, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother VICTOR ERICKSON, Kent, Ottawa and Muskegon D. C, Mich.
Brother GEORGE HAENDLEIN, Local No. 1596, St. Louis, Mo.
Brother ENOK HAKONSON, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother EDW. JAEGERMANN, Local No. 141, Chicagao, 111.
Brother EDWARD JOHNSON, Local No. 141, Chicago, 111.
Brother PAUL E. JOHNSON, Local No. 141, Chicago, 111.
Brother PEDER KNUDSEN, Local No. 865, Brunswick, Ga.
Brother RADA KRAVLEV, Local No. 1154, Algonac, Mich.
Brother VICTOR KULGREN, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother GEORGE LEWIS, Local No. 2079, Houston, Tex.
Brother CHARLES H. NELSON, Local No. 177, Springfield, Mass.
Brother HENRY A. POHLMAN, Local No. 1, Chicago. III.
Brother FRED PRUIM, Local No. 980, Chicago, 111.
Brother FRANK RABY, Local No. 747, Oswego, N. Y.
Brother JOHN SMALL, Local No. 734, Kokomo, Ind.
Brother PETER STEIMERS, Local No. 105, Cleveland, Ohio.
Brother JOHN O. STOREN, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother CARL STROMBERG, Local No. 141, Chicago, 111.
Brother WILLIAM WILLCOX, Kent, Ottawa and Muskegon D. C, Mich.
Brother EDW. ZUELKE, Local No. 1382, Rochester, Minn.
CorrQspondQncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
LOCAL. No. 5 HONORS VETERANS OF BOTH WARS
To commemorate the sixty-fourth anniversary of the issuing of its charter and
to pay homage to the large number of members who served their country in the
two World Wars, Local Union No. 5, St. Louis, Mo., on the night of April 19,
sponsored a celebration and a dance at Carpenters' Hall, 3 60 6 Couzens Ave.
About 1,800 members, friends, and guests were present to help the Union dedicate
the night to these members who did their duties in the armed services.
Over 150 members of Local Union No. 5 wore the uniform of one branch or
another of the armed forces during the recent war. Three members made the
supreme sacrifice and several are still in service. To all these men and the thirty-
six veterans of World War 1 who are still members of the Union, Local No. 5 paid
special tribute during the evening.
The history of Local No. 5 parallels the history of the Brotherhood. In 1881
there were three carpenters' unions in St. Louis. In April of that year they ap-
pointed a five-man committee to explore the possibilties of forming a national
union. After contacting other carpenters in other cities, a convention was called
in Chicago, and it was at that convention that the Brotherhood was born. In
18 83 the three St. Louis unions were consolidated into one local union, — Local No.
5, which has been active ever since. Down the years Local No. 5 has played an im-
portant part in the progress and growth of the Brotherhood and the advances
made in the trade.
At the present time the membership of Local Union No. 5 is about 1,180.
LEAVENWORTH LOCAL COMPLETES 58 YEARS OF SERVICE
On January 25, 1889, Charter No. 499 was installed at Leavenworth, Kansas.
This year, Local Union No. 499, continuously active ever since, marked the fifty-
eighth anniversary of the occasion with a fine turkey dinner and dance. Approxi-
mately 300 members of the union and their families and friends were on hand to
help the Union properly celebrate the occasion. With plenty of good food, good
music, and good fellowship, everyone attending had a good time.
During the course of the evening, Brother Wm. J. Lyons, a member of the
Union for forty-seven years, recalled some of the triumphs and tribulations of
the Union during its long and useful life. He told of conditions as they existed
during the early days and the struggles that the union went through to bring
wages and hours up to their present standards.
Everyone attending voted the affair an unqualified success and all are looking
forward to the day when the Union will complete its sixtieth year of service to
the craftsmen of Leavenworth.
LOCAL No. 169 PROUD OF ITS GRAND OLD MAN
Local Union No. 16 9, East St. Louis, 111., is proud of its Grand Old Man. He is
Brother Al Curtis who first joined the Brotherhood on September 3, 1890, at
Sioux City, Iowa. Two years later he cleared into Local No. 169 where he has
been active ever since. During his fifty-five years of continuous membership in
J
THE CARPENTER 23
Local No. 169, Brother Curtis has filled every office in the Union except that of
Treasurer.
Keen of mind and hody, Brother Curtis recently celebrated his eightieth birth-
day by putting on his first pair of glasses and staying on his job as saw filer for
the Hercules Construction Company. During his career he worked as carpenter
on the St. Louis World's Fair. He proudly recalls that at a very early conven-
tion he had the pleasure of nominating Brother Frank Duffy for General Secretary.
Brother Curtis is a storehouse of information about wages and working condi-
tions in the old days. He recalls that wages were thirty-five cents an hour when
he entered Local No. 169 — a good scale compared to the fifteen and seventeen
cents paid in Sioux City.
Local Union No. 169 is proud of Brother Curtis and extends to him congratu-
lations on his grand career, with a pledge to maintain and improve the conditions
he and his old-time colleagues helped to establish.
L. U. 129 CELEBRATES 50th ANNIVERSARY
Local Union No. 129 of Hazelton, Pa., celebrated its 50th anniversary with a
dinner and entertainment program with two hundred and seventy-five (275) mem-
bers present. Among those in attendance were representatives of the Carpenters
Union from various cities. President William Opfer, a veteran of Local No. 129,
outlined the progress of the local since it was chartered in 189 7. Brother O. Wm.
Blaier of Philadelphia representing the General President, gave an inspiring talk
on the union activities of the Brotherhood and in conclusion congratulated Brother
George Pfrom for his 50 years of continuous membership.
Among the other speakers were Edward W. Finney of Wilkes Barre, Pa., Gen-
eral Representative; and Brother Theodore P. O'Keefe, Sec. Treas. of Pa. State
Council of Carpenters; William Rutz, Business Agent, Wilkes Barre, Pa.; Brother
William Grafius, Executive Board member of Pa. State Council; Carlyle Engle,
Business Agent, Williamsport, Pa. Ralph Lyons, Business Agent, Harrisburg, Pa.;
and Brother Stone also, of Harrisburg, Pa. were among the out of town Brothers
in attendance.
At the conclusion of the festivities the visiting members and members of Local
No. 129 wished Brother George Pfrom many more years of continuous member-
ship.
PROVO LOCAL DEDICATES FINE NEW HOME
Carpenters Local 149 8, Provo, Utah, has just completed construction of a Labor
Temple which is surely a credit to a Local of any size, to say nothing of a small
Local. The building is fireproof, mostly of concrete and steel, is 60 by 125 feet, two
story and half basement.
The ground floor is rented to permanent tenants, the rent from whom will
maintain the entire building. The second floor is devoted entirely to offices and
meeting rooms for A. F. of L. Unions. Seven Locals have offices in the building.
There are three small meeting rooms, a ladies' auxiliary room, and a large hall 60
x 72 for socials, dances-, larger meetings etc.
The entire floor covering is of asphalt tile laid in a design of three colors with
a large artistic A. F. of L. monogram as a center piece, made of white tile.
The building has been under construction since Feb. 1946 and we held an open-
ing party — a dance: — on May 3, 1947. Members of the Brotherhood who happen
to be in Provo, Utah, at any time are invited to visit and inspect our new home.
The building committee, consisting of Spencer Madsen, G. L. Wootton, T. F.
Spalding, Geo. Higgins, D. C. Brimhall, and Lloyd Peacock have worked untiring-
24 THE CARPENTER
ly and have spent many hours planning and •working for the progress of the build-
ing. Arlo Goulding and A. N. Hall -were building superintendants and Geo. Higgins
has supervised purchases and subcontracts.
-♦-
LONGYIEW LOCAL CELEBRATES BIRTHDAY.
On April 23. Local 109 7. of Longview. Texas, held its annual birthday party
in the Community Center building. About 300 carpenters, their wive and guests
■were present and, under the M-Ceeing of Brother Joe Redmon, all had an enjoy-
able evening.
A musical" program had been provided by the entertainment committee and
was well received, especially a string trio and a prize winning brass sextette from
the White Oak high school band. A hilarious interlude came, in the form of a
hog calling contest between three nail-benders.
But the high point of the evening was the awarding of two four-year scholar-
ships to the winners of the Carpenter sponsored "Why I Want To Be A Teacher"
contest. Miss Ruth Davis and Earl Carmichael. both members of Mrs. Curtis
Morris' Civics class, were the winners.
Mr. R. L. Speight and Mrs. Morris, principal and teacher respectively, were
present and expressed their appreciation of the carpenters' generosity.
Ice cream, cake, coffee and cold drinks were served by the carpenters (with a
lot of assistance from the ladies of the Auxiliary, No. 2 61, of course).
MANSFIELD MARKS 46th BIRTHDAY
Local Union No. 73 5 of Mansfield. Ohio, celebrated its 4 6th anniversary with
a banquet for all its members at the Sons of Herman Hall.
Steak and all the trimmings were served to 200 members.
Mayor Yaughn of Mansfield and Mr. Edw. J. Blonston. Manager of the local
Social Security Office, were guest speakers for the evening; Mayor Yaughn speak-
ing on the building construction of the city, and Mr. Blonston on the benefits
derived by Social Security.
The members were also favored with a talk from Brother Ben Godfrey of
Columbus, Ohio, on Safety and Hygiene in Construction Building. After the
dinner an hour's entertainment was enjoyed by all. It consisted of singing and
dancing by entertainers from Columbus.
The entertainment Committee was composed of Orland Thomas, Homer Gregg,
and Philip Xeider.
All were satisfied and look forward to another anniversary with anticipation.
WAUSAU SPONSORS MEMORABLE BANQUET
Nearly two hundred members of Local Union No. 159 4, Wausau, Wisconsin,
gathered at the Eagles Hall on April 12, 1947, to celebrate the Local's tenth
Anniversary.
Delicious roast turkey and tender baked ham topped the banquet menu, after
which our capable toastmaster, Brother Edwin Fromm, introduced the speaker
for the evening.
Brother Walter Jensen, President of the Wisconsin State Council of Carpenters,
opened with a talk on pending labor legislation in the state: followed by Brother
Jake Fredericks. Regional Director of the American Federation of Labor, who
spoke on national labor laws before Congress. International Representative
Howard Bennett, represented the General Office; Brother Henry Stanton. President
of the Wausau Central Labor Union and Representative Raj' Zimick, a past presi-
dent of Local No. 159 4 concluded the speeches. The speakers were excellent, the
food superb, so everyone had a most enjoyable time.
JERSEY CITY AUXILIARY ON ITS TOES
Just a line to let you know that we of the Ladies Auxiliary No. 135, Jersey City,
N. J., are still going strong after all the trying times of the war years. We still
hold our meetings regularly although we only hold them once a month at present
as most of the ladies seem to be too busy to attend two meetings a month.
We had a lovely Christmas party, all the sisters and their husbands joining us
in making it a grand affair. We had a turkey and a large Christmas tree with gifts
under it for everyone. Everyone had a very enjoyable time. We also held a
Valentine party which was also turned into a farewell party for one of our mem-
bers who, with her husband was leaving for an extended visit to Holland. We
gave them a fine sendoff with a large Bon Voyage cake and a small handbag,
decorated with tulips and the Dutch flag, for each of them.
Year in and year out we do our best to support every worthy cause. We
donate to the Red Cross, T. B. Fund and a number of other similar projects. At
present our membership is not very large, but we are hopeful that it will increase.
We are particularly anxious to have all our old members back. We are taking
this means of extending a hearty invitation to all our ex-members to come back
into the fold. We miss them and would like to have them join us again.
Auxiliary No. 135 extends greetings to all sister organizations. We would be
happy to hear from as many of them as possible.
JOPLIX AUXILIARY BOOSTING UNION LABEL
We wish to tell you about our Ladies Auxiliary No. 446 of Joplin, Missouri.
We have been organized for sixteen months. During that time we have enter-
tained with Chi'istmas programs, Easter parties, pie suppers, valentine parties and
picnics for ourselves and all members of the Carpenters' Local.
This winter we published a booklet, "Union Made Merchandise and Where to
Buy it." This booklet is to instruct all union people on their purchasing of goods
carrying the union label. We ladies canvassed every store in our city to obtain
this list.
We have quilted three quilts to raise funds for donations to the Red Cross,
the March of Dimes Campaign, Y. M. C. A. and to furnish Christmas baskets for
needy families.
We meet the first and third Tuesdays of each month.
Our doors are always open to the Sisterhood and we welcome any of our
Sisters who might be visiting or passing through our city.
SAN PEDRO LADIES DOING GREAT WORK
Ladies Auxiliary No. 402 of San Pedro, California, would like to bring to the
attention of the other Auxiliaries and the Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners,
the good work that we have done during the past four years.
We have established a fund, known as our Sick Fund, which is made up of
monies received for serving luncheons and raffling off chances on various prizes.
From this fund we are able to visit our sick members and our brothers in the Pile
Drivers Union, bringing them such things as flowers, candy, cigarettes, cookies
and magazines. We have also done considerable work during the war in visiting
both Army and Navy Hospitals in our locality, taking the injured and sick such
26 THE CARPEXTER
things as candy, cigarettes, books and magazines, "which we know made many of
our boys very happy.
Our auxiliary meets the first and third Fridays of each month in the Pile
Drivers Union Hall, while our brothers are holding their meeting, and in this way
we are able to coordinate our activities and assist our brothers whenever called
upon to do so.
At our last meeting, April 4, coming just before Easter Sunday, the Auxiliary
at the conclusion of the Pile Drivers meeting put on an Easter party, serving tempt-
ing refreshments, which were well appreciated by the members of Pile Drivers
Union No. 23 75.
In closing we wish to send sincere greetings to all Carpenters and Pile Drivers
Auxiliaries and to all members of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and
Joiners of America.
ST. LOUIS AUXILIARY AIDS ALL WORTHY CAUSES
Ladies Auxiliary No. 23 of St. Louis, Mo., celebrated its Thirty-first Birthday
on Saturday evening, February 21, with a gala banquet at the North Western
Hotel. About 200 members, friends and guests were on hand to help the ladies
mark this important milestone.
Tables were decorated with American Flags and at each plate there was a piece
of cherry pie with whipped cream on top. The speaker's table was decorated with
a huge birthday cake, donated by District Council officers, and bowls of flowers
at either end. Several officers of the District Council were present as special
guests.
During the course of the evening, Sister Jesse Stege, Auxiliary Chairman, was
presented with a lovely lace table cloth and an apron to which was pinned a hand-
kerchief from each individual member. Afterwards card games got under way to
round out the evening. There were attendance prizes and prizes at individual card
tables and the affair was topped off with a raffle which raised considerable money
for the Auxiliary's treasury.
Auxiliary No. 2 3 is composed of a group of very active ladies. The sick and
needy are helped. Help is extended to the Red Cross, the Salvation Army, U.S O.,
and all the other worthy causes. During the war, the Auxiliary kept a stream
of boxes going to boys overseas. Meetings are held the first and third Tuesdays
and all carpenters' wives and daughters are extended a cordial invitation to
attend.
♦
TACOMA LADIES CELEBRATE BIRTHDAY
Carpenters Auxiliary No. 26 7 of Tacoma has just celebrated its eleventh birth-
day with a chicken dinner and dance at "The Firs". There were sixty-three guests
present; among them were many of our husbands and some of the Building Trades
Council members.
We are continuing to be very active. In Oct. we had a carnival and bazaar
which was our main money-making project for the year. Several of our Auxiliary
members, together with the Carpenters of No. 4 70, put on a play for the annual
Christmas program. We also had our annual Auxiliary Christmas party at which
we had an attendance of thirty-five members. We were served a lovely ham lunch-
eon and had exchange of Christmas gifts.
In conjunction with the Auxiliary we also have a drill team and sewing club
both under the able direction of Grace Robinson. In February we entertained the
President of the Washington State Council of Carpenters Auxiliaries. Mrs. Gladys
Wurman of Camas. It was through the effort of the Tacoma Auxiliary that the
State Council was started. We feel that we have had a very successful past two
years under the able leadership of our President Bernice Watkins, and we are look-
ing forward to a brighter future.
We regret the loss of one of our charter members through death. Our Sister
Jane Knowles was well known as a very active member in the labor movement
and many who may read this will regret her passing.
Craft Probloms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 22 5
By H. H. Siegele
The plumb bob, under the right con-
ditions, is still the most accurate tool
for plumbing that is in use. It is con-
trolled by gravity, and so long as there
is no interference with gravity its accu-
racy is perfect. Wind pressure and mag-
netism, however, often destroy its accu-
racy. Any breeze will affect it, especial-
ly if the plumb line is long. Some au-
thors point out that a bulky plumb bob
is responsible for the influence of wind
pressure, but- that is not a correct con-
clusion. A bulky plumb bob, in case of
wind pressure, will show a greater dif-
ference in the inaccuracy than a less
bulky one will, but the inaccuracy is
still due to the line. This writer has
used plumb bobs under many and varied
conditions, and it is his opinion that
the plumb line is responsible, in case of
Fig. 1
wind, for the greater part of the inac-
curacies of plumb bobs. A rather fluffy
line which usually is thicker than the
tightly woven line, if affected by the
wind, will pull the bob much farther
from the true point than the tightly
woven line will. In plumbing with a
plumb bob one should always wait for
the windstill moment before marking
the point. When a high elevation is
involved, a very heavy plumb bob, using
pliable wire for a line, will give the
best results.
Fig. 1 is a one-line drawing, or dia-
gram, of a square building with the
four outside walls up and in the process
of being plumbed. The dotted lines at
the right and left, represent sway
Fig. 2
braces, while at A and at B are shown
plumb bobs in position for plumbing.
In this arrangement, only the two
plumbings that are shown are necessary
to plumb the four corners, assuming,
of course, that the framing has been
done accurately.
Fig. 2 is a detail showing how the
line is fastened at the top, 7 inches
from the corner, while at the bottom a
point is established, also 7 inches from
the corner. In plumbing this corner,
the point of the plumb bob must inter-
sect the established point and the edge
of the bottom plate, as shown by the
drawing. To complete the plumbing,
the diagonally opposite corner is plumb-
ed in the same way. It will be noticed
by referring to Fig. 1, that only four
28
THE CARPENTER
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il.. covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
framing, and other subjects. $2.50.
CARPENTRY. — Has 302 p.. 754 il., covering general
house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
BUILDING TRADES D ICTION ARY.— Has 380 p.
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
Q.UICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
i The above books support one another.)
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry, 64 pages, brown
cloth binding and two-color title page. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS. — The prose companion of
Twights of Thought. Illustrated. Cloth. Only $1.00.
Postage paid when money accompanies order.
Order U U Cirrfl C 222 So. Const. St.
today. ■»■ n. dlE.laC.l_C. Emporia, Kansas
FREE — With 2 books, Pushing Buttons free; with 3
bocks. Twigs of Thought and Pushing Buttons free
with 4 books, 3 $1.00 books free — books autographed.
sway braces will be necessary to hold
the four corners plumb.
Fig. 3 shows how to use the plumb
bob to test the plumbness of posts, pic-
ture frames, window frames, and so
forth, by holding it up, as shown, and
J ¥
0 Wf Wi ftS «H
*/
Fig. 3
sighting the line with the object. Fig.
4 shows the test aplied to a post that
is in a plumb position.
Fig. 5 is a drawing of one of the
handiest plumb bobs on the market. It
has a reel for the line, which stops by
friction in any desired position. The
line has a hook on the end, which can
be hooked on a nail, or on a linein case
the plumbing is done from another line,
then the plumb bob is pulled down to
where the point is to be established.
' t
M.
> * * lr
. , y; ', .
" to _ rj ,d
to
0
Fig. 4
When the plumbing is over, the line is
wrapped onto the reel again. The dif-
ferent parts are pointed out on the
drawing.
/?eel
Bob
Steel Poini
Fig. 5
Two much used plumb bobs are
shown by Fig. 6. The one to the left
has a strong shell of steel with the
T H E CARPENTER
29
hollow part filled with mercury. It is
claimed that this plumb bob comes to
a stop much quicker than a solid steel
or solid iron bob does. The bob to the
right, is of solid steel, but not as bulky
as the mercury plumb bob. The slend-
erness of this bob has two advantages.
First, it can be dropped through a
To the right (Fig. 7) we have a
perspective view of a plumb bob fas-
rather small hole, and second, in case
of wind, it will not be affected as much
as a more bulky bob.
Fig. 7 shows to the left two views of
a rather practical plumbing tool, com-
monly called plumb stick, in which a
plumb bob is fastened to a straightedge
with a groove cut through the center
of one side, as shown. At the bottom
an opening is cut out for the plumb bob.
Just above this opening a metal plate
is fastened, which prevents the plumb
bob from flopping around when the tool
is handled.
Fig. 7
tened to a straightedge in the well-
established way. This fastening makes
it easy to adjust the plumb line for
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
THEY HAVE
OUR CHART Blueprint 27" X36"
"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
to find lengths of any rafter and make its cuts;
find any angle in degrees; frame any polygon 3 to
16 sides, and cut its mitres; read board feet rafter
and brace tables, octagon scale. Gives other valu-
able information. Also includes Starting Key and
Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and cuts
into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides, makes about
13 square feet of printed data showing squares full size.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
rafter having a run of from 2 to 23 feet; longer lengths are
found by doubling. Covers 17 different pitches. Shows lengths
of hips and valleys, commons, jacks, and gives the cuts for
each pitch, also the angle in degrees and minutes. Fastest
method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
who can read numbers can use it. NOT A SLIDE RULE but
a Slide Calculator designed especially for Carpenters. Con-
tractors and Architects. Thousands in use. Price $2.90
postpaid. Check or M. 0., no stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St.. Div. 6, Kalamazoo 81. Mich.
30
THE CARPENTER
length, while at the same time it is
securely held to the straightedge.
Fig. 8 shows two details of the fas-
tening of a plumb line to a straight-
edge. This is the same as shown to
the right in Fig. 7. To the left we
have a front view of the upper end of
Fig. 8
the straightedge, showing, A, the line
that holds the plumb line away from
the straightedge. This is put in place
first. At B is shown, in part, the line
onto which the plumb bob is fastened,
which is the second operation. At C
we show how the other end of the line
is wrapped around the two lugs, in
order to hold the plumb line in the
middle saw kerf. To the right we show
the back view of the fastening. Line
D runs through the center saw kerf and
is, fastened on the plumb bob on the
front side. Line E is end of the plumb
line, which is held securely in place
by line D. Study these drawings with
the drawing to the right in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 shows a very practical way of
plumbing from a line; that is, the
plumb bob is thrown over the line and
lowered to the place where the point is
to be established, about as shown. With
one hand the loose end of the line is
held, while the three lines, 1, 2 and, 3,
indicated by arrows, are lined up by
sighting. When the three lines are in
perfect alignment, the workman marks
the point. This plumbing is especially
practical when points are to be estab-
lished in excavations from lines fas-
tened to the original batter boards. This
writer has used this method a great
deal, and has found it accurate. Gf
course, the workman must be pains-
taking, which is necessary in any
plumbing, in order to obtain accuracy.
When a plumb bob is dropped, espec-
ially a great distance, it takes some
time to bring it to a stop. A bob can
Fig. 9
be stopped quickly from the upper end
of the plumb line, by holding the line
with the fingers and moving it in the
opposite direction to swing of the bob.
STEEL SQUARE
HAND
BOOK
This new and revised edition of Carpenters and Builders' Practical Rules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out octagons, ellipses, roofs,
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
of length, etc. — also, rules for kerfing, drafting gable molding, getting the axis of a
segment, laying off gambrel roof and explaining the steel square.
"For ready reference carry „. . ., L , -* . *.. . ^ *= j
this convenient 50 page $1.00 postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
pocket size (4ix6I) guide
to your job."
SEND $1.00 TODAY
DA BSOOFBSC 5344 Cinton Ave., So., Enclosed And $1.00.
■ **■ lfW\»tn«3y Minneapolis 9, Minn. ward by return mail one of your
, ■»■ "■ ■»w^«fc»'&wj Minneapolis 9, Minn. ward By
I Carpenters & Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
Name Address-
THE CARPENTER
31
After a little practice, one can bring a
bob to a stop in just a moment by tbis
method.
A Puzzling Leak
A public building during its first
eighteen years of existence, had a leak-
ing roof. The leaks appeared only dur-
ing extra heavy rains or after snows,
otherwise it would go on for months
and sometimes over periods of a year
o'r two years without showing signs of
leaks. The roofer was called on to fix
it, because he had guaranteed the roof,
so he reinforced the flashing, bringing
it up to the coping and sealing it. It
seemed that the problem was solved, but
then there came a heavy snow, and
when it thawed the leaks were as bad as
ever. A new roof was put on and it
again seemed that the trouble had been
eliminated, but again when a heavy rain
came or a heavy snow, the leaks ap-
peared. Following this experience, we
were called on to supervise the fixing of
the roof. We made an examination of
the whole roof — there were no leaks to
j be seen on the surface of the roofing,
but when we examined the sleeves of
the outlets, we found that they were
sealed on the inside, but not on the
outside. The problem was something on
the order of what we are showing
by the accompanying illustration. The
downspouts were just a little too small
to carry off the water of heavy rains or
snows. In such cases the water backed
up. filling the conductor head and part
of the gutter, as we are showing by the
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Learn to draw plans, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely illustrated books cover subjects that will help you
to get more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, air-condi-
tioning, concrete forms and many other subjects are included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books are
the most up-to-
date and complete
we have ever pub-
lished on these
many subjects.
Examination
BETTER JOBS -- BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom is in full
awing and trained men are needed.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. These books sup-
ply quick, easily understood training and
handy, permanent reference Information
that helps solve building problems.
Coupon Brings Eight Big Books For
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers since 1894
Dept. GA36 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
Tou may ship me the Up-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and if fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34.80 Is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Name
Address
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men In service, also give home address.
drawing. While this was going on some
of the water ran back into the building
around the unsealed outlet. The irreg-
ular lines and the arrows show how part
of the water followed the downspout,
while some of it was forced into the
building. When the outlets were sealed
on the outside, the leaks disappeared
permanently.
BOWL BETTER
WITH YOUR OWN
MINERALITE
Custom-fit
BOWLING
BALL
THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER CO.
Branches in all Principal Cities
I
New Opportunities
fo.r Carpenters
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
ing jobs. Be the man who gives orders
and draws the big pay check. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEXD FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
G-108 Tech Bldg., 2000 So. Mich. Ave.
Chicago, 16, 111.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
^ThiA i& the urtui
tvTHake
MACHINE SAW FILING
with the Foley Automatic
Saw Filer is the modern way
to recondition saws. Any-
one can do the work — no
experience needed — no eye-
strain. Start in spare time
— Foley -filed saws cut so
smooth and fast, they will
advertise for you, bring
you new customers and a
Bteady repeat cash business.
The Foley is the ONLY machine
that hies all hand saws, also
band and cross-cut circular saws,
— enables you to handle
work from schools, shops
and factories as well as
farmers, carpenters, etc.
Send for FREE PLAN
Shows how to start
— no canvassing. No
obligation, no sales-
man will call.
Send coupon
today. .
w L t '
flier I *» ' m a ' £'
.Pare 'imei-hL?' Mw» m
FOLEY^^^SAW FILER
\ FOLEY MANUFACTURING CO.
k. 618-6 Foley Bldg., Minneapolis 13, Minn.
? Send Free Plan on Saw Filing business, no obligation
k. Nsmt *
► Aiirut
— PRICE LIST —
Label and Emblem Novelties
Card Cases (Label) $ .10
Key Chains (Label) 15
Fobs (Label and Emblem) . .50
Gavels (Labels) 1.25
Pins (Emblem) 1.00
Buttons (Emblem) 1.00
Cuff Links (Emblem) 1.50
Match Box Holders (Label) .15
Belt Loop and Chain (Label) .75
Pins. Ladies Auxiliary (Em-
blem) 1.75
Auto Radiator Emblems. . . 1.25
In Ordering These Good* Send All Orders
and Make All Remittances Payable to
FRANK DUFFY, Gen. Sec,
Carpenters' Bid., 222 E. Michigan St.
Indianapolis, Ind.
WITH A
Every cutting job — cross-cutting; ripping, dadoing,
angle cutting, bevel cutting, mutiple cutting, mortis-
ing, scoring, or cutting light gauge metals — can be
done faster . . . better . . . cheaper with an Electric
MallSaw. 4 Models with capacities of 2, It ?i
and 4 . inches. All have Universal motors.
Ask Hardware Dealer or write Power Tool Division.
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
26 Years of "Better Tools For Better Work."
A GOOD RULE FOR CARPENTERS!
STANLEY No. 6386
This is as handy a Rule as you
can buy. The six-foot flexible-
rigid steel blade can be used to
measure straight or round
objects, and around corners.
On inside measurements,
where case and blade butt
against work, indicator on case
points to exact measurement —
nothing to add — no chance for
mistakes: Blade and case are
nickel plated to stand wear.
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Connecticut.
• Flexible-rigid steel blade
• Direct reading for inside measurements
• Fits in overalls pocket
Lt,i,i.l.< .i.r?
STANLEY
Trade Mark
HARDWARE- HAND TOOLS ELECTRIC TOOLS
n*sfmm saw filer
No*
r0*
Saves You Time, Money
Now you can do expert saw filing at
borne. Lifetime tool makes precision
filing easy for even the most inexperi-
enced. Two simple adjustments make
it fit any type hand saw. Keep your
;aws extra sharp and true-cutting with
i Speed Saw Filer. Complete with file,
| ready to use. Money back guarantee.
Cash with order, prepaid. (CO.D.
postage extra.)
THE SPEED COMPANY
Dept. A 2025 N.E.Sandy, Portland 12, Ore.
4tt CARLSON RULES
have this
J^ fSArme
^carisonT)
AUI&E&S Carpenters
and Builders Guides'
4 vols. $6
Inside- Trad* Information
for Carpenters. Builders. Join-
era. Budding Mechanics and
oil Woodworkers. Theso
Guides give you the short-cut
instructions that you want—
including new methods, ideas,
solutions, plans, systems and
money saving suggestions. An
easy progressive course for the
apprentice and student. A
practical daily helper and
Quick Reference for tho master
worker. Carpenters every,
where are using these Guides
as a Helping Hand to Easier
Work, Better Work and Bet-
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance for yourself, simply fill
and_ mail tho FREE COU-
PON below.
Inside Trade Information On:
How to use the steel square — How to file and set
saws — How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — How to use
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— ^Es-
timating strength of timbers-r-How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on tho
steel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds-
skylights — How to -build stairs — How to put on
interior trim — How to hang doors — How to lath-
lay floors — How to paint
THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City
No obligation unless I am satisfied.
WITHOUT OPENING THE CASE, yo
Can quickly replace the blade. Kee1
a'spare'Replacement Blade on hand
Models in 6, 8 and 10-foot lengths
SOLD IY LEADING HARDWARE DEALERS
CAR
* i.
c&*.
SERVICE
• Fast operating, built from quality
materials and expertly engineered,
The "OVERHEAD DOOR" with the Miracle
Wedge is ideal in multiple installations.
Where traffic problems may occur its speed
and dependability are invaluable. Weath-
ertight, tamperproof construction insures
smooth performance in all seasons, year in
and year out. For completely adequate
service, specify The "OVERHEAD DOOR"
for all commercial, residential, and indus-
trial structures.
TRACKS AND HARDWARE OF
SALT SPRAY STEEL
• Any "OVERHEAD DOOR"
may be manually or electri-
cally operated. Sold and in-
stalled by Nation-Wide Sales
— Installation — Service.
OVERHEAD DOOR CORPORATION « Hortford City, Indiana, U.S. A.
tCMPENTEl
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
JULY, 1947
. . . WITH MALICE TOWARD NONE
The saw most
carpenters use
STAYS
SHARP
LONGER
DISSTON D-8 HANDSAW
Medium Weight, Skew-back Pattern
True taper ground — from tooth edge to back
and from butt to point on back— with even
gauge along entire tooth edge for easier,
faster, truer cutting. Perfectly balanced with
a precision that carries force of thrust directly
to cutting edge. Cross-cut: 20-inch, 10 points;
22-inch, 8 and 10 points; 24-inch, 8 and 10
points; 26-inch, 7, 8, 10 and 11 points. Rip:
5Vi points.
ASK YOUR HARDWARE RETAILER
ESTABLISHED I84Q »-^»» a c* • r. r. •*■ **. m. ■ •»•»••
FOR A DISSTON SAW
9 carpenters out of 10
own Disston saws. That's what a
nation-wide survey shows. And where
could you find stronger proof of the
superiority of Disston saws ! For this
outstanding preference is that of men
who know saws best.
DisSton saws are made of the famous
Disston saw steel, specially hardened
and tempered to stay sharp longer
and to give more years of good
service. Among the most popular of
Disston saws is the Disston D-8
handsaw shown here.
SEND FOR YOUR FREE COPY
The Disston Saw, Tool and File
Manual tells how to choose, use
and care for tools. Ask your Hard-
ware Retailer, or mail a postal card
to us direct.
REG. U.S.PAT. OFF.
HENRY DISSTON & SONS, INC.
704 Tacony, Philadelphia 35, Pa., U.S.A.
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXVII — No. 7
INDIANAPOLIS, JULY, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents —
Where Liberty Echoed
Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, is firmly enshrined in the hearts of all Americans,
for it was here that George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Thomas Paine and that whole
host of Colonial heroes met and dreamed and planned of and for the America we
know today.
Dark Age's Return
If the anti-labor forces of the nation have their way industrial relations will return
to the era of the company thug, professional strikebreaker and industry-wide blacklist-
items employers used freely in the early days of this century.
L. U. 1394 Builds Good Will
12
Local Union No. 1394, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, contributes a day's work free of
charge to two churches under construction as an evidence of good faith and civic-
mindedness.
One Campaign That Failed
15
By high-powered propaganda during and after the war, selfish interests endeavored
to turn the veterans against organized labor, but 12,000,000 ex-servicemen have found
that their best protection lies in union membership.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Plane Gossip
Editorials -
Official
In Memoriam
Correspondence
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
10
16
19
20
21
26
28
Index to Advertisers -
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22. 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Auk. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
WOOD
BAND SAW
BLADES
Ohleit-Bishop's long experience in
choice of steels, tempering and
treating, toothing and filing pays
dividends to the band saw user
who selects these fine blades. They
are tougher, longer wearing, save
replacement and delays.
There's an Ohlen-Bishop blade for
every popular type saw. Complete
range of widths, V8 " to 1 % ", full
selection of gauge and points.
OHLEN-BISHOP
906 Ingleside Ave.
Columbus, Ohfo
Clamps on door, adjusts to mortise
depth required, enabling anyone to
chisel perfect mortise quickly and
simply for any hinge. Saves time,
saves labor, saves errors. Simple,
durable, inexpensive. A perfectly
mortised hinge means a perfectly
hanging door.
J.E.GASKELL
R.R. 3( TO LEDO 7, OHIO
New Opportunities
*f Carpenters
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
ing jobs. Be the man who gives orders
and draws the big pay check. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
H-108 Tech Bldg. 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, 111.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Name
Address
BOWL BETTER
WITH TOUI OWH
S&Jwmwick-
MINERALITE
Custom-fit
BOWLING
BALL
THE BRUNSWICK-BAIKE-COUENDER CO.
Branches in all Principal Cities
SOLVE ROOF PROBLEMS INSTANTLY
IN TEN SECONDS// All 11
lengths and cuts of rafters
for simple and hip roofi.
Just set dial to "pitch" 6Y
"run," and the other fig.*
ures show up in windows.'
Unlike rafter tables, run is
set directly in feet and in-'
ches. There is no need to'
adjust later for thickness
of ridge board. Cuts giv.1
en in degrees and square
readings.
RAFTER DIAL $1.95 Order from: I Weyer, Dept. H,
P>a Box 153, Planetarium Station, New York 24, N. Y.
THE CARPENTER
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
SAW FILER
Saves You Time, Money
No* j
vmm
Now you can do expert saw filing at
home. Lifetime tool makes precision
filing easy for even the most inexperi-
enced. Two simple adjustments make
it fit any type hand saw. Keep your
saws extra sharp and true-cutting with
a Speed Saw Filer. Complete with file,
ready to use. Money back guarantee.
Cash with order, prepaid. (CO.D.
postage extra.)
THE SPEED COMPANY
Dept. A 2025 N.E. Sandy, Portland 12, Ore*
N OTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All Contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Page
E. C. Atkins & Co., Indianapolis,
Ind. 4th Cover
Henry Disston & Sons, Inc., Phil-
adelphia, Pa. 1
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
J. E. Gaskell, Toledo, O 3
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 30
F. P. Maxson, Chicago, 111. 4
Millers Falls Co., Greenfield,
Mass. 3rd Cover
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore. 4
Ohlen-Bishop, Columbus, 0. 3
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn. 3rd Cover
E. Weyer, New York, N. Y. 3
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 31
Technical Courses and Books
American Technical Society, Chi-
cago, 111. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, 111. 3
E. W. Hoffner, Chicago, 111 3
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 30
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans. 29
Mason Engineering Service,
Kalamazoo, Mich. 32
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo._ 4
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y. 3rd Cover
$1.25 with 7 Blades xlWAT/n*
^UNION-MADP
CARPENTERS
Demand the Best The Genuine
F. P. M. SAWS AND BLADES
The Saw of Superior Quality with a National Reputation. Manu-
factured by a member of TJ. B. of C. & J. of A. No. 1.
If your dealer does not handle, write direct to me.
F. P. MAXSON, Sole Manufacturer
3722 N. Ashland Ave. CHICAGO, ILL
I Where Liberty Echoed
• • •
Fifty-Jour years ago, Peter J. McGwire, Founder and first General Secretary of the United
Brotherhood, wrote and published in The Carpenter the following account of the significance
of Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, in early American history. This Fourth of July, as on any other
Fourth of July for the past 170 years, thousands of humble Americans will visit Carpenters'
Hall where Washington and Jefferson and the Adamses and the whole host of early American
patriots laid the foundation for our glorious country. So long as there is an America, so long
as men cherish and revere liberty, equality and brotherhood. Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, will
remain a symbol of the ideals and philosophy which the founders of our country gave to the
world.
N THE business quarter of Philadelphia, on Chestnut street, between
Third and Fourth streets, is a quaint old building- one hundred and
twenty-two years old and richly replete with historic memories. The
building is of brick with a low steeple, and of the old colonial style of
architecture. It is in a splendid state of preservation and is known as
"Carpenters' Hall." It was built in 1770 by the Carpenters' Company of
the city and county of Philadelphia.
The Carpenters' Company is one of the oldest associations of Pennsyl-
vania, and the oldest industrial society in America. It was instituted about
forty years after the settlement of
the province by William Penn and
maintains an uninterrupted exist-
ence from the year 1724. Among its
early members were many promi-
nent in colonial history, and whose
architectural taste
andability as build-
ers have left their
impress upon build-
ings that yet remain
in Philadelphia as
memorials of that
early day.
The object of the
organization as ex-
pressed in its Act
of Incorporation,
was much after the
style of the guilds
of Europe, those
historic ancestors
of the modern trade
unions. And the so-
ciety was patterned
after "the Worship-
ful Company of Carpenters of Lon-
don," founded in 1477. The armorial
insignia of this company in Phila-
delphia are identical with those of
the ancient body, the officers bore
the same designation and its de-
OLD CARPENTERS HALL, PHILADELPHIA, PA.
clared object, ceremonials and priv-
ileges were in furtherance with the
same idea.
Its object was to cultivate and in-
struct its members in the science of
architecture and to
assist members and
their families in
case of accident or
need. It established
a "Book of Prices."
for the valuation of
carpenters' work,
and to quote from
their ancient rules,
"on the most equi-
table principles, so
that the workmen
should have a fair
recompense for
their labor and the
owner receive the
worth of his mon-
ey." This company
charged an entrance
fee of four pounds sterling, which
kept out many journeymen carpen-
ters and made the society one ex-
clusively composed of "master car-
penters."
All the historic colonial Con-
THE CARPENTER
gresses and meetings prior to the
Declaration of Independence were
held in Carpenters' Hall. Here it
was that in 1774. from September 5
to October 20, the first colonial Con-
gress was held, and it was on that
occasion as afterwards on other oc-
casions that the inspiring eloquence
of Patrick Henry, the Adamses,
John Hancock and the patriotic
fathers of the country stirred the
people of the Colonies to throw off
the yoke of English domination. In
this hall it was that Washington,
Franklin, Lee, Randolph, Jay, Rut-
ledge and the men of the first colon-
ial Congress met, and afterwards
at the State House on July 4, 1776,
and gave utterance to the Declara-
tion of Independence.
After the Revolutionary war was
over it was in this Carpenters' Hall
in 1787 the convention to frame a
constitution met and after four
months' deliberation agreed upon a
constitution for the "United States
of America," making Carpenters'
Hall memorable both for the first
united effort to obtain a redress of
grievances from the Mother Coun-
try, and the place where the fathers
of the Republic changed by the con-
stitution a loose league of separate
colonies into a powerful nation.
LIBRARY FUND
In the period from April 2 4, (when the last report was made in The Car-
penter) until June 16 some $716.10 in contributions came into the Library-
Fund, bringing total donations to the Fund well over the §8,000 mark. Under
the circumstances, the Home at Lakeland, Florida, is virtually assured of having
a fine up-to-date library as a result of the Twenty-fifth General Convention's de-
cision to set up a Library Fund. Local Unions and Councils in virtually every
state in the nation have donated to the Fund, and it is self-evident that the
bigger the Fund grows, the better will be the library available to guests at the
Home.
Contributions to the Fund should be clearly designated as such so that book-
keeping errors may be avoided. In the period from April 2 4 to June 16 contri-
butions as follows:
L. U. City Amount
854 Cincinnati, Ohio 3 10.00
Carpenters' D. C, New Orleans
& Vic. 10.00
Metropolitan D. C, Philadel-
phia, Pa. 50.00
868 Cincinnati, Ohio 25.00
8 Philadelphia, Pa. 5.00
359 Philadelphia, Pa. 10.00
L. U. City Amount
1138 Toledo, Ohio 20.00
748 Taylorville, 111. 25.00
1846 New Orleans, La 5.00
General Office 521.10
Carpenters' Home, Lakeland,
Fla. 25.00
Ladies' Aux. 130, San Pedro,
Cal.
10.00
RECAPITULATION
Available Funds April 24, 1947 $7,785.45
Receipts 716.10
Total 38,501.55
Expenditures 32.00
Available Funds June 16, 1947 $8,469.55
Dark Age's Return
Y THE TIME this appears in print the fate of the Taft-Hartley
Bill will have been settled. But we are not naive enough to believe
that the Taft-Hartley Bill will settle the matter of labor legisla-
tion. By now it is clear that the vested interests which authored and
backed the Taft-Hartley measure will be satisfied with nothing short of
complete legislative hamstringing of labor. Their goal is final and ir-
revocable destruction of organized labor. Laws merely curbing labor
or limiting its functions will not satisfy them. They want a return to the
days of "rugged individualism" — which is a fancy name for wage slavery.
During the days of debate on the •
Taft - Hartley Bill, Congressman workmen and their families.
Michael J. Kirwan of Youngstown, ,Re had opportumty to recall that
Ohio, a man who came up the hard
way, vividly portrayed what the
vested interests want and what
American workers would face by
a return to the "good old days". In
his parents had been of the working
class — that he, himself, had been
reared in a company house. He
recalled the hardships that he and
they had endured on sweatshop
opposing the Taft-Hartley Bill, wa^es and lack o£ fit working. con
Kirwan pulled no punches.
"I am opposed to this labor bill,"
he told the House, "because it will
tend toward taking us back into
the Dark Ages.
"By Dark Ages, I refer to the
period previous to the enactment
of the Wagner Labor Act, to what
happened in the 50 years before
that law was put in the statue books.
"The first major strike in this
country took place at Pittsburgh,
in 1892. Carnegie paid a man named
Frick a million dollars- to break the
ditions. He became remorseful and
bitter.
"When Carnegie sent him a wire,
asking him to come to his office,"
Frick wrote back:
"Til see you in Hell; we're both
going there.'
"The steelworkers' union was
broken, together with the hearts of
workers throughout the country.
"Then we had the railroad strike
at Chicago, in 1893. Railroad work-
ers were shot down in the streets
strike. Pinkerton detectives, police, by Federal troops. The men who
soldiers and traitors were called in. participated in the strike were
Many workers were shot from river black-listed all over the country,
boats with Catling guns. "As they went to other cities to
"Frick was shot in the neck by seek employment, they were asked
Alexander Berkman, and, while re- for references or place of previous
cuperating in the hospital, had many employment. The letters came back,
days to dwell over the suffering and with the emblem of a broken car
grief he had brought to countless wheel on the railroad letterheads.
8
THE CARPENTER
That was the tip-off that they were
not to be hired.
"In 1902, along- came the miners'
strike in the anthracite coal region,
in which 140,000 persons participat-
ed— including myself.
"The strike lasted from April to
October. We experienced the un-
told hardships of eating only corn
meal mush, of being evicted from
company houses and being forced
to live in tents — large families of
8 and 10 children.
"But a great deal was accom-
plished toward better working con-
ditions. We were given the right
to work 8 hours a day, and got out
from under slavery. The first ma-
jor strike was won.
"Previous to that time, represen-
tatives of the commissaries or com-
pany stores would search homes be-
fore pay day, to find some article
that had not been purchased through
them. If found, the father and other
mine workers in the family were
•■certain to receive their discharge.
"That was in the period so often
referred to as 'rugged individual-
ism' or 'free enterprise.' Do you
believe the boys and girls of today
would want to go back to that kind
of living?
"I remember the strike of 1904,
at Pueblo, Colorado," Kirwan con-
tinued. "No American should ever
forget that one.
"The miners and their families
were evicted from company homes.
The tents in which they found re-
fuge were burned by troops. The
men were arrested and transported
to the plains of Kansas. Their wives
and children were left behind, with-
out food or shelter.
"That is the era to which some
refer as 'the good old days,' and to
which they are so eager to have us
go back.
"Along came 1937 — just 10 short
years ago — and the Memorial Day
massacre. At a steel plant in Chi-
cago 19 men laid down their lives
and scores were injured by police,
because they dared to form a picket
line.
"Now we seem to be drifting back
into those so-called good old days.
"It has been my privilege— and
I consider it a privilege — to have
participated in five strikes, three
of them major ones, in my lifetime.
I have had no regrets. I am grate-
ful I had the opportunity, in small
degree, to make some contribution
to labor and its progress.
"Working conditions have been
made safer, sanitary, more endur-
able. These are privileges my fel-
low workmen strove for and
dreamed of. They are worth the
sacrifice, the suffering and depri-
vations of many years.
"If I had my life to live over a-
gain, I would do the same thing.
If right to join a union were taken
away from me — I would be just as
happy to have my life taken away.
"I plead with you, my colleagues.
Do not take away from any man or
woman the right to join a union,
nor the right to a closed shop. If
any of you have ever worked in a
steel plant, factory or mine, you can
realize the situation.
"If Congress is sincere in want-
ing to pass a good labor bill, now
is the time. But you will not ac-
complish this by asking questions
across a table. You will have to
send Congressmen themselves into
the mines, factories, steel plants,
oil fields and railroad yards.
"After you spend four or five
months down in the bowels of the
earth, in sweatshops, living in cab-
THE CARPENTER
ins and company houses, eating
workers' food instead of at Fan and
Bill's famous steak house, a good,
honest and fair labor bill would be
drawn up."
These are the words of Con-
gressman Kirwan, a man who knows
from first-hand experience what it
is to dig coal in the bowels of the
earth or turn out steel in the heat
and glare of a steel mill. For every
man who works for a living; for
every wage earner who believes his
family is entitled to a decent living
they are a warning and a challenge.
Nor is Kirwan the only thinking
American who visualizes a return
to the Dark Ages of industrial re-
lations under the Taft-Hartley type
of legislation. Victor Riesel, famed
columnist who has never been
known for his sympathetic lean-
ings toward labor, in his June n
column blasted the Taft-Hartley
Bill for its viciousness toward la-
bor and expressed genuine fear that
the bill would reintroduce another
era of labor spies, finks, company
goons and professional strike-
breaking armies. In part he said:
"The bill would upset the work-
ing agreements which have covered
11,000,000 American breadwinners
for generations.
"Who wants the open shop? No-
tice that most of the States that
have banned the closed shop are
lands of cotton, fruit, wheat, corn.
The factory-frlled states like New
York, Michigan, Massachusetts,
Ohio, New Jersey and Illinois have
given that anti-closed shop band-
wagon a quick brushoff.
"Just think of 11,000,000 men and
women refusing to work in open
shops. Think of the possible vio-
lence inside the factory if a non-
union hand tried to take over a ma-
chine near a union man with a dues
book dating back to the hooped
skirt.
"Think, too, of other sections of
the Taft-Hartley bill. Unions can
be sued. Labor-relations will move
out of the conference room into the
court room. Assembly lines will
be stalled while judges decide
whether a union damaged some one
during a walkout. The injunction
would be back and the soap-boxers
would be at every factory gate
screaming to irritated workers that
the 'capitalistic courts' are their
enemies. I've heard those boys
with the built-in speakers' platform.
They can create disrespect for our
judicial system and law and order
quicker than you can draw a ham-
mer and sickle.
"But most of all I fear a return
to the mid-Twenties and early Thir-
ties— the days of strike breakers,
goons-for-hire, labor spies and the
money grubbing agencies which
sold tear gas bombs and guns to
labor and management. Read, as I
just have, the old Nye and LaFol-
lette Senate reports. See how these
agencies planted men in factories
to stir up trouble and sold their
ghoulish guns and guards in both
sides."
To those of us who have spent
decades in the labor movement,
Riesel's words are no mere empty
threat. The goon squads and pro-
fessional strikebreaking organiza-
tions of the Twenties and early
Thirties are still too fresh in our
minds. America is now at the
crossroads. One way leads to a re-
turn of the industrial relations of
the Dark Ages; the other leads to
industrial peace and prosperity
through an expansion and broaden-
ing of collective bargaining. Only
time will tell which road it is go-
ing to be.
SIP
BAD TO FOOL WITH
One by one the higher ups in the
CIO who have been playing ball with
Communists are finding out that they
are winding up on the short end of
the stick. A good many of them are
now trying to get out from under but
they are finding it a little harder than
they thought to get out with a whole
skin. The more we think about it, the
more we consider these fellows about
like a guy named Agabashian.
Into a tough waterfront saloon one
day strode a big burly pug-ugly. "Any-
one here named Donovan?" he demand-
ed. A long moment of silence followed.
Finally a meek little man in the corner
stood up and said, "Yes, my name is
Donovan."
In a couple of strides the big bruiser
was across the room. With one hand
he held the timid little runt and with
the other he beat him into insensibility.
Twenty minutes later the little fellow
regained consciousness. Painfully get-
ting up, he shook his head and mur-
mured:
"I thought I could fool him. My
name's not Donovan, it's Agabashian."
"Replying to your employment offer,
will say my present contract does not
expire for two years."
THE PPtlNCTPLE OF THE THING
From Brother Wylie York, Local 19 8,
Dallas, Texas, comes the following:
It seems there was a cotton picker
who asked a farmer for a job. "I'll pay
you a dollar a hundred and your room
and board," said the farmer. The first
day the hired man picked only about
one hundred pounds. The second day
two hundred. The third day three hun-
dred and fifty. The fourth day five hun-
dred. The fifth day five hundred and
fifty and the sixth day he picked six
hundred pounds, yet he ate no more
food than the rest of the pickers. The
farmer came around and said "I will
have to let you go."
"What is the trouble?" the man
asked. "Isn't my work satisfactory?"
"Yes," the farmer replied. "It isn't
that."
"Do I eat too much?" the man asked.
"No," the farmer replied. "It isn't
that."
"Am I a trouble maker?" the man
asked.
"No" the farmer replied. "It isn't
that. As a matter of fact you are the
best and cheapest man I have working
for me because you pick more cotton
than they^io but you don't eat any more
food than the rest."
"Then what IS the matter?" he
asked.
"Well, dang it," replied the farmer.
"They just ain't no cotton picker worth
six dollars a day."
A FAIR ESTE\IATE
According to a report by the Women's
Division of the Department of Labor,
there are now sixteen million women
workers in our total working force.
That seems to be about right, but
we can't figure out why fifteen million,
nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand
of them want to get on the same bus
we do at quitting time every night.
J
THE CARPENTER
11
A LITTLE BIT FAR-FETCHED
As this is being written, Congress is
about ready to pass the tax reduction
bill. From where we sit, this bill looks
something like the gold brick city slick-
ers used to sell country yokels. While
it lops a few pennies off the taxes of
the common wage earners, it gives the
people in the upper brackets substantial
reductions. Despite all the efforts of its
sponsors to camouflage it as a popular
measure, the fact remains that it offers
the most relief to those who need it
least.
Somehow or other the efforts of the
backers of the bill to sell it to the
people reminds us of the old chestnut
about the fellow who served on the
jury during a murder trial involving a
beautiful woman who shot her husband.
Telling a friend about it later, he
said:
"We were in a Heck of a quandary.
The defendant was so pretty we just
couldn't find it in our hearts to convict
her of murder. On the other hand we
didn't dare set her free for fear of
what our wives would say. In the long
run we found out her husband was an
Elk; so we found her guilty of shoot-
ing an Elk out of season and fined her
$28.00."
THE WAY TO GET ACTION
Month by month since early Spring
we have been told that prices are com-
ing down. However, day by day the
amount of goods a dollar will buy keeps
shrinking and shrinking, price reduc-
tions in sheep dip, buggy whips, alfalfa
balers and a few other items never pur-
chased by the average worker notwith-
standing. To our way of thinking, prices
will come down only when the people
make them come down.
Somehow or other the whole thing
reminds us of the man who entered
a barber shop to catch a quick shave
before getting on a train. The barber
plying the brush worked with madden-
ing slowness. Despite all the admoni-
tions of the customer for more speed,
the barber just barely kept the brush
moving back and forth. Finally the
man in the chair could stand it no
longer. In exasperation he cried:
"Look, Bub, you keep the brush still
and I'll wag my head."
PLAY IT SAFE
Nearly 500 Americans bumped into
one form or another of violent death
during the Memorial Day weekend. The
number of victims of car crashes,
drownings, etc. over the July Fourth
holiday will be even higher, if predic-
tions of traffic experts come true. The
moral is: drive carefully, stay out of
dangerous waters, take no chances, and
remember Joe Paup's safe driving hint,
— the one-armed drivers are headed for
the church; some of them will walk up
the isle and the rest will be carried.
• • *
WITHOUT TRAINING
"For managers and overseers," pro-
claimed a great Chinese landowner, "al-
ways give me married men."
"And for what reason?" a visitor in-
quired.
"Because," said the wealthy Chinese,
"I abhor the muddled, unclear reports
that have been sent to me by bachelors.
They have never had to explain any-
thing to a wife!"
• • •
A LITTLE DIFFERENT
And while we are on the subject of
explaining we cannot pass up the oppor-
tunity to tell the one about the doctor
on the witness stand.
"Did you say this man was shot in
the woods, Doctor?" asked the cross-
examining attorney.
"No," replied the medico, "I said he
was shot in the lumbar region."
It's too bad he wore ?iis NEW HAT
12
L 0. 1394 BUILDS GOOD WILL
Fulfilling a promise made on May 3, when their wage scale was raised
from $1.75 per hour to $1.87-2 per hour, the members of Local Union No'.
1394, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., on Saturday, May 17, donated a day's work
free of charge to two churches under construction in that city. The free
labor was the Local Union's evidence of good faith. During negotiations
on the wage increase, construction on both churches was delayed almost
ten days. It was not the desire of the Union to hold up construction, but
economic necessity made it absolutely essential to increase the hourly
rate in order that a decent living standard could be maintained.
When agreement was reached, the Local Union, as evidence of its
civic responsibility and as a pledge that the wage question has been
solved for the remainder of the calendar year at least, voluntarily de-
cided to contribute a day's work free of charge to the two unfinished
churches. Bright and early Saturday morning, May 17, some forty mem-
bers of Local Union No. 1394 showed up on the two jobs. By six a.m.
they were working on the roof of the $350,000 First Baptist Church and
completing the inside carpentry on the $100,000 First Methodist Church.
With only a half-hour break for lunch, they worked straight through
until two-thirty. During the lunch period, orange juice and chicken pur-
lieu were served by the church members who were on hand in force to
watch the progress of the work and keep refreshments handy.
Other building trades unions were also contemplating the donation
of a day's work to the two churches.
In this day and age when unions are under fire from many sides and
union-hating individuals in all walks of life are combining their efforts
for an all-out assault against organized labor, the forward looking action
taken by Local Union No. 1394 in donating a day's labor free of charge
to the two churches under construction is a fine piece of public relations
work. The officers and members of Local Union No. 1394 are in line for
hearty congratulations. In addtion to building the two churches the
community needs, they have undoubtedly built up considerable good will
and a greater understanding of the problems and difficulties of workers
among the people of Fort Lauderdale. Too few people realize that union-
ism stands for brotherhood, neighborliness and cooperation as well -as
for better hours and working conditions. The generous action of Local
Union No. 1394 certainly must have gone a long way toward rectifying
this misconception among the people of Fort Lauderdale and surrounding
territory.
A PROMISE FULFILLED
Pictured above are members of Local Union No. 1394, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., working on the
roof of the First Baptist Church of that city. From six a. m. to two thirty p. m. on Saturday,
May 17, these members toiled free of charge as evidence of their civic responsibility and as a
pledge of continued cooperation for betterment of the community.
Another crew of Local Union No. 1394 members which devoted a full day's work free of
charge to the building of the First Methodist Church in Fort Lauderdale. During the lunch hour
both crews were served orange juice and chicken purlieu by members of the churches under con-
struction. Both churches are being built by Caldwell-Scott Construction Co.
14
THE CARPEXTER
Local Union No. 973
INVITED BROTHERHOOD OF CARPENTERS AND JOINERS
OF AMERICA
Texas City, Texas
May 28, 1947
Mr. Frank Duffy, General Secretary,
Carpenters' Building,
Indianapolis, Indiana.
Dear Sir and Brother:
The officers and members of Local Union No. 973 desire to
take this opportunity to express their appreciation for the publica-
tion of the account of the disaster which wrecked our city and dealt
our Local a very hard blow.
We would also esteem small space in The Carpenter to acknowl-
edge contributions received by the Texas City Relief Fund of Local
Xo. 973. This fund was started by donations froni our own mem-
bers and it is still being subscribed to weekly by them for the
sole purpose of taking care of the bereaved families of our Brothers
and extending assistance to those seriously injured. These weekly
donations have reached about 81,000.00.
The following donations (wholly unsolicited) have been re-
ceived: Local Xo. 1266, Austin, Texas, S50.00; Local Xo. 66,
Jamestown, Xew York, S50.00; Local Xo. 64, Louisville, Kentucky,
Sl.OOO.OO: Local Xo. 1740, Henderson, Texas, S150.00; Local Xo.
526, Galveston, Texas, $1,000.00; Local Xo. 73, St. Louis, Missouri,
S10O.00; General Representative Chas. P. Driscoll, S25.00.
Words are inadequate to express the heartfelt appreciation of
the committee appointed by our president, H. E. Woodhouse, to
distribute this fund. On behalf of the many needy dependents the
committee members do most sincerely thank all for these gratui-
tious contributions. It makes the breasts of all us swell with pride
to know that we belong to an organization such as the United
Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America which has
shown such sympathetic understanding to its brother members in
distress.
Joe Francis
E. W. Xorwood
Texas City Relief Funds of Local Xo. 973.
W. J. Struve
J. J. Strate
W. H. Ellis
^LT^JL^irmTLTTLTLTJinj^^
15
THE CAMPAIGN THAT FAILED
• •
At least one campaign of the anti-labor forces in this country ended
up in complete failure ; that was the campaign to turn the veterans against
the unions. All during the war and for many months after the war, a
ceaseless barrage of propaganda was directed toward alienating the ser-
vicemen from organized labor. Y\ nile the war was on. workers on the
home front were pictured to the servicemen as rolling in wealth and
striking for more. AYar plant wages wrere supposed to be anywhere from
$150 to $300 per week.
When the war was over the story changed ; unions were supposedly
holding back veterans from good jobs and preferred treatment. Super-
seniority was the peg on which the ■
anti-labor forces hung their hats.
In the long run, however, the
propaganda failed. Veterans learned
that the unions were their staunch-
est ally. Recently the Department of
Labor issued a report on the subject.
The study showed that over 12,-
000,000 veterans have been absorbed
in civilian jobs with practically no
conflict — and it credited this show-
ing both to unions and to fair em-
ployers.
'"Management and union deter-
mination to give veterans every
possible advantage within the
framework of collective bargaining
agreements made for satisfactory
settlement of veterans' problems,"
the report declared.
There were a few clashes, the De-
partment said, but these occurred
only where certain employers
"sought to circumvent the collective
bargaining process in an apparent
effort to set veterans against non-
veterans."
The report cited instances where
unions assured greater protection
In union plants, on the other
hand, "no jobs were designated as
temporary in character, but rather
each employe acquired seniority
status after the completion of a
probationary period," the report
pointed out.
Also, the Department made it
clear that in general "unions and
managements have made every ef-
fort to restore the veteran to the
identical position held by him prior
to entrance into military service,
and to grant accumulated senior-
ity," plus all wage increases which
the veteran would have received
had he remained on the job.
Where a veteran's former job no
longer existed on his return, labor
and management in union plants
saw to it that such G. I. was placed
"on a job for which he could qual-
ify by experience," the Department
explained.
It also cited the fact that in many
such plants, unions and manage-
ments waived seniority and other
rules in order to take care of dis-
for the former G. I.'s than provided abled veterans who could no longer
by law. For example, the Selective perform their old tasks.
Service Act carries no re-employ- In many other ways, the report
ment rights for employes classified showed, unions went to considerable
as "temporary" prior to their indue- lengths to assure war veterans a fair
tion into the armed forces. break.
Editorial
Maybe We Need The Wheaties Technique
If you listen to the radio or read the newspapers at all, you are only
too aware of the fact that America has become the greatest advertising
nation in the world. From the time he gets up in the morning until the
time he goes to bed at night, the average American has his eyes and ears
assailed by advertising extolling the virtues of Wheaties or Ivory Soap
or a thousand and one other products. As the result of this ceaseless
advertising barrage, many of these products have literally become house-
hold words from coast to coast.
Hire good enough advertising counsel, spend enough money, and you
can put over practically any product or idea in America. You have to
look no farther than the current anti-labor legislation for a good example.
Employers' associations spent millions upon millions of dollars knock-
ing unions and blaming them for all our real and fancied economic ills.
They kept up their campaign year after year and in the end they got a lot
of people sold on the idea it was essential that labor be regulated.
With the technique of advertising developed to a new zenith in Amer-
ica, it seems strange that America should be doing such a poor job of
selling itself to the world. In the recent war we made the major contribu-
tion of arms and men. Since V-J Day we have been practically feeding
the entire old world. Yet in spite of all this we are pretty much hated
in many countries, including those we are helping most.
Looking at it from a straight advertising angle, the product we have
to sell, Democracy, is so far ahead of anything else the world has to offer
today that no decent comparison can even be made. The poorest wage
earner in the United States really lives a princely life when his lot is
compared with the lot of any Europeans except those belonging to the
nobility. He eats better, he wears better clothes, he faces fewer restric-
tions, and he has less fears than any citizen on earth. You would naturally
think he would be the envy of every European.
However, such is not the case. The Communists are selling Europeans
on the idea democracy is the greatest enemy of social progress. The
Fascists are preaching that democracy is decadent. And all the other
"isms" are knocking us one way or another.
What we need is a slam-bang advertising campaign — the kind that
puts "Crunchie-Wunchies" on your breakfast table whether you want
them or not. With about one-sixth of the world's population and one-
sixth of the world's territory we are now producing over half of the
world's good. All the "ism" countries in the world, with ten times our
population and ten times our resources, do not produce as much in a year
as we do in a month. Consequently they do not get to consume as many
of the good things of life in a year as we do in a month.
THE CARPENTER 17
The product we have to sell to the world should have no competition.
Maybe what we need is a few commercial writers and silken voiced radio
announcers representing us around the diplomatic tables.
Look Who's Hurling Charges
In their decade-old propoganda campaign, which was a buildup to the
current drive for labor-shackling legislation, the vested interests of the
nation have leveled many charges at organized labor. By endless repeti-
tion, they have inferred that labor is undemocratic; that labor leaders are
autocratic; that there is no responsibility in unions. The way they tell
it, union officials are answerable to no one, and such being the case, they
often act without the consent or approval of union members at large.
That millions of Americans outside the labor movement believe this
to be true is a tribute to the efficiency of the propaganda campaign financed
by the vested interests. They have told the same tale year after year and
naturally many people have come to believe it.
Yet what are the facts? A little delving into methods used by unions
in running their affairs as compared to the way affairs of corporations are
handled shows that it is the corporations and not the unions that are run
along autocratic lines.
Let us compare a union with a corporation. Practically every union
constitution we know requires an election of officers at stated periods.
This is true at the national level as well as the local level. Most union
officers are elected by referendum vote. As a result, union officers are
directly elected by their members. Compare this with the corporation. By
a complicated proxy system of voting, small groups of organized stock-
holders control the destinies of corporations. While stockholders' meet-
ings are held, they mean very little. Few individual stockholders attend.
The stockholders who are organized, control things to suit themselves.
By this method, the directors retain autocratic powers. They can and
often do pour into reserve accounts earnings which might rightfully go
to the stockholders in the form of dividends. They alter policies of cor-
porations and make decisions regarding production. They hire and fire
managers to suit their whims. And at the end of the year they are answer-
able to no one except the stockholders' meeting which means nothing.
On the other hand, union officers must face their membership at stated
times. At these meetings they must account for their stewardships. They
have to convince the men who will vote for or against them at the next
election that all the actions they have taken were in the general interest.
In fact, the action taken by officers between conventions or meetings are
subject to membership approval. In labor unions membership meetings
are the supreme law. What they say goes. In corporations, stockholders'
meetings are only so much window dressing. The board of directors run
the show without any fear of censure from stockholders or a lack of con-
fidence vote at the next election.
Under the circumstances, it seems somewhat ironical that corporations,
invariably run by tight little cliques of organized stockholders, should
18 THE CARPENTER-
accuse labor, which is always answerable to the rank and file, of being
autocratic. ©
Not A Penny for Non-Essentials
There is an old Indian saying that goes approximately like this: "You
fool me once, shame on you: you fool me twice, shame on me." It might
be well for Congress to remember that saying. After the last war we
allowed our national defences to go to pot. Economy-minded men on
Capitol Hill cut defense appropriations to the bone. Even when storm
clouds gathered ominously on the horizon, it was difficult to get Congress
to take the threat seriously.
Certainly that should have taught us a lesson, but somehow or other
it did not. National defense is apparently going to pot again. A national
magazine claims that we have exactly one division of infantry ready for
instant action (and that below usual strength) ; part of one armored divi-
sion ; and a raggle-taggle of other kinds of troops. With the international
situation as tense as it is. this hardly seems adequate. Everyone appre-
ciates the efforts of Congress to reduce expenditures, but with tension
mounting all over the world national defense seems to be a poor place to
practice economy.
However, this subject of economy brings up another thought. There
have been some rather disquieting disclosures of the way the Brass Hats
in the armed forces have been spending money alloted to them. A Wash-
ington, D. C. paper recently uncovered the fact that at Camp Campbell,
Ky.. "an 18-hole golf course and a twenty-five acre artificial lake, stocked
with game fish are just being completed." There are only twenty-eight
officers and enlisted men alledgedly at the camp. Sixteen of the twenty-
eight are officers. With the national debt as high as it is and tax burden
as heavy as it is, building a golf course and lake seems a bit on the ex-
travagant side.
Recently the newspapers carried a story about some paintings stolen
by the Nazis turning up at American Army headquarters in Germany.
They were hanging on the wall of one of the Brass Hats who paid some-
thing like S8.000 for them when he purchased them from an art dealer.
From where we sit the idea of an Army Brass Hat spending S8,ooo of the
tax payer money for paintings is little short of scandalous. A lot of little
taxpayers have had to sweat a lot of blood to produce $8,000 considering
what prices are today.
AYe passionately believe that our national defenses must be kept strong
and more than adequate to meet any emergency. However, the Brass Hats
are not making it any easier to sell the public on the idea when thev toss
around funds for non-essentials. It is going to take lots of money to
keep up our defenses. Taxes must stay high to produce the money.
But we are are all entitled to know that we are getting a dollar's worth
of protection out of every dollar we spend. We need tanks and guns and
ships, not golf courses or artificial lakes or fancy paintings.
To paraphrase a famous quotation of a famous American patriot our
motto must be :
"Millions for defense; not a penny for non-essentials."
Official information
lliliillllllillllllllllllilllllilillllll
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General Vice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretary
PRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District, CHARLES JOHNSON. JR.
Ill E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page, Dallas, Texas
Second District, WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bldg., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District. HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland, O.
Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District, ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St., Florence, S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
Notice to Recording Secretaries
The quarterly circular for the months of July, August and September,
1947, containing the quarterly password, has been forwarded to all Local
Unions of the United Brotherhood. Recording Secretaries not in receipt
of this circular should notify Frank Duffy, Carpenters' Building, Indian-
apolis, Indiana.
NEW CHARTERS ISSUED
1762
Cleveland, Ohio
1812
2887
Cuba, N. Mex.
1820
1763
Riverton, Wyo.
1821
3022
Nacagdoches, Texas
1828
3024
Jonesboro, Ark.
3026
3025
Jacksonville, Texas
1853
1775
Gladewater, Texas
1854
1764
Marion, Va.
3029
1789
Bijou, Calif.
1857
1791
Clinton, 111.
1859
Lake Cowichan, B. C, Can.
Sandusky, Ohio
New Albany, Ind.
Cleveland, Ohio
Areata, Calif.
Janesvile, Wis.
Gainesville, Fla.
Cambridge, Ida.
Portland, Ore.
Greenville, Texas
2fn ffl
in emoviam
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Xot dead, just gone bef ore ; And will forever more
%tal in T$£&z£
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother WALTER ARNOLD, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother CHARLES ARTNER, Local No. 419, Chicago, 111.
Brother HENRY E. BAIN, Local No. 1445, Topeka, Kan.
Brother ELTON BONZO, Local No. 206, New Castle, Pa.
Brother R. J. CLARK, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother HOWARD P. CLAYTON, Local No. 384, Asheville, N. C.
Brother GEORGE E. COMPTON, Local No. 110, St. Joseph, Mo.
Brother FRANK CONLON, Local No. 2287, New York, N. Y.
Brother FRANCIS J. CONNELL, Local No. 1335, Wilmington, Cal.
Brother JOHN J. COOKE, Local No. 20, New York, N. Y.
Brother MAURICE COUNIHAN, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother J. L. COURSON, Local No. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
Brother OWEN E. DIXON, Local No. 601, Henderson, Ky.
Brother RAYMOND DOLE, Local No. 871, Battle Creek, Mich.
Brother ARRON DUNN DAVIS, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother GIACCHINO GIORDANO, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother MAX GOLDBERG, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother OLIVER GRIMLY, Local No. 59, Lancaster, Pa.
Brother JAMES E. HENDRICKS, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother TILSON S. HIATT, Local No. 1445, Topeka, Kan.
Brother MARK HOFFMAN, Local No. 1052, West Hollywood, Cal.
Brother ED. V. KARBAN, Cuyahoga D. C, Cleveland, Ohio.
Brother JAMES W. KINNIER, Local No. 122, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother CARSTEN S. LARSEN, Local No. 20, New York, N. Y.
Brother JOHN C. McMANUS, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother ADOLF NELSON, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother O. OKSANEN, Local No. 1244, Montreal, Que., Can.
Brother PETER OOL, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother EDWARD PENNETT, Local No 249, Kingston, Ont., Can.
Brother HARRY PROPST, Local No. 1350, Seymour, Ind.
Brother IAM QUIMBY, Local No. 374, Buffalo, N. Y.
Brother ALVIN G. RENKEN, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother PHILLIP ROCKELMAN, Local No. 945, Jefferson City, Mo.
Brother E. J. ROSENBERGER, Local No. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
Brother CHARLES SCHROEDER, Local No. 185, St. Louis, Mo.
Brother JESSE B. SMITH, Local No. 1620, Rock Springs, Wyo.
Brother ROBERT SMITH, Local No. 466, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont., Can.
Brother ROY H. SOUTH, Local No. 1335, Wilmington, Cal.
Brother WILLIAM SWEARINGEN, Local No. 1445, Topeka, Kan.
Brother JAMES E. THOMPSON, Local No. 122, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother ROSS B. WARTMAN, Local No. 249, Kingston, Ont., Can.
Brother T. D. WATSON, Local No. 767, Ottumwa, Iowa.
Brother T. A. WHITE, Local No. 764, Shreveport, La.
Brother ART WOTTEN, Local No. 767, Ottumwa, Iowa.
Brother R. J. YOST, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother GEORGE F. YOUNG, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
CorrospondoncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
L. U. 366 HONORS OLD TIMERS
In honor of its old-time members and in celebration of its 30th anniversary
Local Union 366, New York, held a Reunion Party at the Bronx Winter Garden
on May 16. Several hundred members and guests filled the hall to capacity and
the unanimous opinion of all conceded it to be quite an enjoyable and memorable
affair. Absent old-timers of L. U. 366 will be pleased to know they were not for-
gotten and time out was taken to pay them respects.
Business Agent Fred Johnson of Local Union 48 8 spoke of the pleasant asso-
ciations he has had with the past and present officers and members of L. U. 366.
He recalled the splendid records of Business Agent Charles Nobis and Fin. Sec.
James Duigan who recently passed away.
In the course of an admirable address President Charles W. Hanson of the
New York District Council gave lavish praise to the old-time members. He re-
minded his listeners of the deep obligation we owe to these loyal Brothers. For
many long years, through good times and bad, they held solid the ranks of Union
Labor under the banner of our great United Brotherhood which reached its
present proud position only through the constancy and devotion of such men as
these. He called on the younger members present to follow the fine standard of
Unionism set by these worthy Brothers because in this principle of loyalty lies
the future prosperity of our Organization.
President Hanson concluded his address by asking for a demonstration of
appreciation for the staunch and true members of the old guard. The great
round of applause which followed was ample expression of the sentiment of all
those present and an assurance that the efforts of these men will not soon be for-
gotten.
Among the old timers unable to attend was Brother Robert Cooper, ninety-
three year old-member who dates his membership in the Brotherhood back to the
year 1891. In sending in his regrets for being unable to attend the reunion,
Brother Cooper said in his letter:
"If you will look up my record you will see that I joined the United Brotherhood
on July 1, 1891. Prior to that I was in the Amalgamated, and earlier still I was
a member of the Carpenters and Joiners Union of Edinburgh, Scotland. Altogether,
I have been a union member for over seventy years."
Fraternally,
John Hart, Sec.
ARKANSAS STATE LSW COUNCIL HOLDS CONVENTION
The Editor:
Lumber workers from all over the State of Arkansas converged on Little Rock
on May 24 and 25 for the regular convention of the Arkansas State Council of
Lumber and Sawmill Workers. During the two days the delegates thrashed out
a multitude of problems confronting not only the lumber workers of the state but
also all workers everywhere.
Major concern of the convention was the growing wave of anti-labor legisla-
tion. It was the unanimous opinion of delegates that the enemies of labor will be
satisfied with nothing less than a complete destruction of all organized labor. To
combat the assaults being made on unionism, the convention laid plans for strength-
ening the organization and enlisting the active aid of every man in the state who
works for a living.
22 THE CARPENTER
One of the resolutions passed requires the State Council to look into the" record
of every man running for political office and to pass on to all Local Unions the
results of their findings so that all members affiliated with the Council can vote
intelligently at the next election. Another resolution urges the American Federa-
tion of Labor to work for legislation breaking up industrial monopolies if industry-
wide bargaining is outlawed. The convention also stressed the need for emphasiz-
ing the insurance benefits and economic benefits that accrue to workers through
membership in organizations such as the United Brotherhood.
Officers elected for the ensuing term were: President, John Thompson, Pine
Bluff; secretary-treasurer, W. H. Marks, Fordyce; vice-president, W. B. Manning,
Little Rock.
Fraternally yours,
John Thompson, Pres.
•
PENNSYLVANIA STATE COUNCIL HOLDS 29th CONVENTION
The Editor:
The Pennsylvania State Council held its 29th annual convention on April 10,
11, 12, 1947, at Pittsburgh, Penn. Those present included 83 delegates, 2 fraternal
delegates, 18 lady guests and 12 distinguished civic and state officials, as well as
many prominent Labor Representatives.
The Honorable Mayor Lawrence opened the first session with a hearty welcome,
followed by the Honorable William L. Chestnut, Secretary of Labor in Pennsylvania,
and Lewis G. Hines, Legislative Representative of the American Federation of
Labor.
The highlight address was made by General Representative O. William
Blaier, and his remarks were well taken by all in attendance.
We were pleasantly surprised by the late arrival of General Executive Board
Members, William J. Kelly and Roland Adams.
Many constructive resolutions for the good of the Brotherhood, were presented
and proper action taken by the delegates.
The following officers were elected: President — Edward W. Finney, Local
Union 514; Secretary-Treasurer — Theodore P. O'Keefe, Local Union 454; 1st Vice-
President — William A. Kendrick, Local Union 8; other Vice-Presidents — Ralph
Lyons, Local Union 287; Thomas Smith, Local Union 1595; Daniel McGee, Local
Union 129; William Grafius, Local Union 691; Homer Brown, Local Union 81*,
Angus MacKay, Local Union No. 16 5.
The Body selected the city of Reading for the 1948 convention.
Fraternally yours,
Theodore P. O'Keefe, Secretary-Treasurer.
LOCAL 301 HONORS RETURNED SERVICEMEN
The Editor:
Local Union No. 301 of Newburgh, N. Y. honored its returned servicemen at
a Dinner-Dance at Villa Nueva, Plattekill, N. Y., on April 18, 1947. Some 400 mem-
bers and guests attended. President William T. McClintock served as toastmaster
and introduced the Reverend Clare A. Perrigo, former army chaplain and guest
speaker who gave a very interesting and amusing talk. Brother Harold C. Hanover,
Secretary-Treasurer of the New York State Federation of Labor, had planned to
speak but illness prevented him from attending. Fin. Sec. and Bus. Agt. B. H.
Murray read the names of the honor roll members numbering 46, of whom 23 are
still members of the Local. The new Honor Roll was then unveiled and each
honored guest was presented with a handsome inscribed leather wallet. Following
the dinner, dancing was enjoyed in the spacious ballroom to the music of Ray
Nelson's Orchestra. The committee in charge consisted of William McFayden,
chairman, Alex Rigatti, George Diegel, Fred G. Prange, John Barr, William T.
McClintock, A. A. Scheitl and B. H. Harvey.
Fraternally yours,
Robert Goodbread, Rec. Sec.
THE CARPENTER 23
THREE-GENERATION TEAM
The Editor:
We of Local No. 792, Rockford, Illinois, are proud of our three-generation
team of members. It is our opinion that few organizations can better the record
of this trio.
The three generations shown are Ernest Fairclough, grandfather; Harold Fair-
clough, father; and Harold Ernest Fairclough, grandson. Brother Ernest Fair-
clough, right in the picture, has been a member of Local No. 79 2 nearly twenty
years. He has served as president and business representative and been a delegate
to the Rockford Federation for a number of years. Although nearly seventy, he is
still active in his work and in the labor movement.
Brother Harold Fairclough, pictured
on the left, has held membership in the
Brotherhood for twenty-three years. At
the present time he is recording secre-
tary of the Local as well as delegate to
and president of the Rockford Federa-
tion Labor. He is commissioned as a
volunteer organizer for the American
Federation of Labor in this vicinity.
Six foot, four inch Harold Ernest
Fairclough, son and grandson, is a com-
parative newcomer to the Local Union. A twenty year old veteran of World War
II, he has already displayed the aggressiveness and sincerity of purpose long asso-
ciated with his father and grandfather.
With men like the Faircloughs in the labor movement, we need have no fear
of its ultimate destiny. In addition to the Faircloughs, Local Union No. 792 can
also boast of a fine roster of tried and true union men. Recently the Union awarded
twenty-five year pins to thirty-one members who have completed a quarter of a
century of continuous membership. We are proud of each and every one of them.
Fraternally yours,
William Karwelis, Pres.
L. U. 288 CELEBRATES 60 YEARS OF PROGRESS
The Editor:
Over 250 members and friends of Local Union No. 28 8, Homestead, Pennsyl-
vania, on the njght of May 21, helped the Union celebrate its Sixtieth Birthday.
Veterans of Foreign Wars Hall has seldom witnessed a gayer or more friendly
occasion. Under the watchful eye of Mrs. Hennessey, a union caterer, a delicious
banquet was served; following which a splendid floor show kept the guests enter-
tained for a large part of the evening. Joe Morone's orchestra furnished the
music and Miss Billie Conley acted as mistress of ceremonies. Rev. William B.
Claney of the First Lutheran Church delivered the invocation and Rev. Vincent
Burke of St. Marys asked the benediction.
President Edward Vansickle presided and Carl T. Westland acted as toast-
master. Speakers of the evening were: Hon. Dr. John S. McLean, Burgess of
Homestead; Ed. W. Finney, President, Pennsylvania State Council; and William
J. Kelly, GEB member. Also introduced were Business Agents of the Pittsburgh
District Council and Angus McKay, Seventh District Vice President of the State
Council.
A special tribute was paid to Brother William Bowden who made the supreme
sacrifice in the recent war. Nine other brothers who served in the armed forces
were also recognized. Brother Thomas Piper, who joined the Local Union in 1890
and has the distinction of being the oldest member in point of service, was given a
great ovation. With lots of good food, good entertainment and good fellowship,
everyone had a fine time.
Fraternally yours,
Banquet Committee.
24 THE CARPENTER
PHILADELPHIA LOCAL MARKS 45th BIRTHDAY
The Editor:
Hundreds of members, friends, and guests taxed the facilities of Town Hall,
Philadelphia, to near capacity on the night of Saturday, April 19, when Local
Union No. 1073 celebrated the Forty-fifth Anniversary of its organization. Guests
from as far away as Chicago were on hand to help make the occasion a memorable
one. All who attended were unanimous in the opinion that the affair was a 100%
success.
Representatives from the Metropolitan District Council and every one of the
twenty-four affiliated unions were on hand to congratulate the officers and mem-
bers of Local Union No. 1073. There were also visitors from New York and
Newark and Passaic, New Jersey. Representatives from the Pennsylvania Building
Trades Council, the Pennsylvania State Council of Carpenters, the Central Labor
Union, the Pennsylvania State Federation and a good many local unions were also
present. General Representative William O. Blaier acted as toastmaster and
turned in a commendable performance.
The history of Local Union No. 1073 is the history of an uphill fight by devoted
and conscientious union men. In the years of mass immigration, hundreds of
Jewish Carpenters fled their homelands to escape preju.Vlice and pogroms. Large
numbers of them settled in Philadelphia. They found religious and political free-
dom but they found no economic security. Hours were mercilessly long and wages
were poor. Alone and friendless, they became victims of pitiless circumstances.
But not for long. In 1902 they organized despite blacklists and employers'
threats. Against all kinds of obstacles they continued to march forward. Down
the years they have played an important part in the growth and progress of the
United Brotherhood.
Fraternally yours,
Louis Biller, Secretary.
L. U. 395 HOLDS SUCCESSFUL SPRING DANCE
The Editor:
, The annual Spring Entertainment and Dance of Local Union No. 39 7, Whitby,
Ontario, is an affair eagerly looked forward to by members of the Union. This
year the affair was held in Legion Hall and by any standards it was voted a great
success by all who attended.
The committee in charge arranged a splendid program. Committee Chairman
Pogue acted as master of ceremonies for the evening and did a fine job. The
first part of the program consisted of several numbers by the Carpenters' Orchestra.
There were several western songs, comic songs and other thoroughly enjoyable
selections. Lunch was served by the ladies and the remainder of the evening was
devoted to old time and modern dancing. Proceeds derived from the evening's
affair are to be devoted to buying prizes and providing refreshments for the annual
picnic which will be held in July.
Fraternally,
E. R. Waines, Rec. Sec.
MONTCLAIR LOCAL HONORS VETERANS
To honor the ten members who served in the armed forces during the war and
the thirty veterans who joined the Union since the end of hostilities, Local Union
No. 429, Montclair, N. J., on the night of January 28 held a reception and get-
together. Each veteran was presented with an emblem pin of our organization
and the ten men who went into the armed forces while members were credited
with a year's dues.
The entertainment committee did a splendid job of providing refreshments
and entertainment. The large number who attended thoroughly enjoyed the eve-
ning from beginning to end.
THE CARPENTER 25
CHICAGO LOCAL CELEBRATES DIAMOND JUBILEE
Marking the start of its seventy-fifth year of continuous existence as a labor
organization, Local Union No. 1784, Chicago, on Saturday, May 10, celebrated its
Diamond Jubilee with a banquet and social evening. Plates were laid for some
925 members, guests and friends Avho were present at the history-making occasion.
Special guests of the evening were M. J. Sexton, president, Chicago District Council;
John R. Stevenson, Second General Vice-President; and Henry Weinreich, business
Agent representing the St. Louis District Council. A particularly inspiring address
was given by Brother Stevenson which everybody present took to heart.
It was in 1874 — long before the International was born — that the Chicago
men of the trade banded together for their mutual protection and advancement.
One year later, when the International Furniture Workers Union was organized,
this Local Union became a part of that organization. When on January 1, 18 9 6,
the Furniture Workers and the Machine Woodworkers International consolidated
to form the Amalgamated International, this Local Union became a part of it.
Ten years later it was granted Charter No. 178 4 by the United Brotherhood and
ever since it has played an- important roly in the affairs of the Brotherhood. It
has always been in the vanguard in the never-ending fight for better wages and
working conditions.
Recently the Local Union lost three of its staunch and tried members: Brother
Frank Geiger, Otto Yanjock and Oskar R. Markus. Through the years these men
by precept and example inspired their fellow members and their passing will long
be missed.
With one of the longest and most honorable records of any affiliate of the
United Brotherhood, Local Union No. 178 4 merits the good wishes of the entire
Brotherhood for another seventy-five years of stellar service.
MARION LOCAL BOASTS UNIQUE FATHER-SON TEAM
Local 9 76 of Marion, Ohio, has a unique father-and-son team among its mem-
bership. It consists of Howard C. Hull and his three sons, all of whom are mem-
bers of the Local. Brother Hull was initiated into the Union on June 4, 19 42.
Son Howard C. Hull, Jr., was initiated October 11, 1945; son Harold C. Hull was
initiated on November 8, 1946; son William H. Hull was initiated on September
12, 1946. Howard, Jr., and Harold are serving their apprenticeships and William
is a Journeyman. The father, Howard C. Hull, Sr., is also instructor for the class
of apprentices in their related work.
CANNERY CARPENTERS RIDE IN STYLE
Carpenters who headed north this year from Seattle to man the salmon can-
neries in Alaska rode in style. In contrast to the ten-day trip by boat which can-
nery carpenters had to undergo in previous years, this spring they flew to the fish-
ing grounds in airplanes, thanks to a new schedule introduced by Alaska Airlines
to accommodate cannery personnel exclusively.
Not only are the cannery carpenters riding in style, but they are also working
for greatly improved wages, according to word from Local Union No. 1184 of
Seattle which dispatches most of the cannery carpenters north. Monthly wages this
year are $362.00 and $382.00 instead of last year's $322.95 and $340.57. Over-
time rates are also increased from $2.06 to $2.26. Board and room, as usual, are
included from time of departure until time of return. In 1937 wages were $150.00
and $165.00 per month; which means that pay for cannery carpenters has been
more than doubled by Local Union No. 1184 in the past ten years.
Salmon canneries dot the coast of Alaska clear up to Bristol Bay. The season
varies according to location but generally speaking it extends from May until
September. Millions upon millions of cases of choice salmon are packed annually.
AVASHINGTON STATE COUNCIL MEETS
The Washington State Council of Ladies Auxiliaries of Carpenters and Joiners
met for their eighth annual Convention on April 3, 4, 5, 19 4 7 at Yakima, Wash.
The Ladies Auxiliaries were invited to join the State Council of Carpenters
at their opening ceremonies, after which we retired to our own meeting.
The Ladies State Convention was opened by the State Secretary, Mrs. Stella
Weick of Yakima, Washington, who welcomed all delegates and visitors, and
turned the meeting over to our State President, Mrs. Gladys Wurman of Camas,
Washington.
Twenty-seven delegates and officers responded to roll call.
We consist of eleven Auxiliaries to date. We were happy to welcome Wenatchee,
Washington, Auxiliary into our group this year. They have just recently re-
newed their charter and joined our State Auxiliary-
One of the interesting and important items discussed at our convention was
the Labor Legislation Laws, which we feel each individual interested in labor
should understand. To acquaint all Auxiliaries with the problems on labor, a
Legislative Chairman was appointed to study all new Laws and send a condensed
report to all affiliated Auxiliaries. Mrs. Myrrha Croccar of Camas, Washington
was appointed Chairman with Mrs. Ethel Abbot of Olympia assistant.
POLSON, MONT., LADIES SPONSOR GRAND DINNER
Ladies' Auxiliary No. 435, Poison, Montana, on the night of December 21,
sponsored a turkey dinner to which the members of Carpenters' Local Union No.
6 70 and their families were invited. The evening was a grand success. Following
a sumptuous dinner at which none of the trimmings that go with turkey was
absent, a fine Christmas program was presented. The evening wound up with
dancing and general sociability. By the time the last guest had departed the event
was unanimously declared the unqualified success the sponsors hoped it would be.
One hundred and sixteen guests attended.
GLENDALE, ARIZONA, LADIES HELP MANY AVORTHY CAUSES
The Editor:
Carpenters' Ladies Auxiliary No. 40 7, Glendale, Arizona, sends greetings to our
Sister Auxiliaries. Our Auxiliary is a little over four years old. We meet once a
month, the first Friday, at the homes of members.
Our social activities for the Auxiliary members have consisted of a dinner and
theater party, a Christmas party with exchange of gifts, and after our business
meetings we have a birthday party for the members whose birthdays are in that
particular month. Then for Local No. 906 and their families we have sponsored a
Halloween pot-luck supper, chili suppers, bunco parties, and a weiner roast. Also,
we served dinner to members of the State Council of Carpenters of Arizona and
their wives when they held a convention here.
We have contributed to the Library Fund of the United Brotherhood of Car-
penters and Joiners, the Community Chest, and the Northside Community Hos-
pital which is going to be built here. We expect to do more for the hospital such as
making and furnishing drapes, curtains, etc.
We hope to keep our Auxiliary growing and wish to extend an invitation to
any sister member to visit us.
Fraternally yours, Isabelle Wilson, Secretary.
THE CARPENTER 27
VENTURA LADIES KEEP THINGS HUMMING
We, The Ventura County, California, Carpenters Ladies Auxiliary No. 433 send
greetings.
Since our Auxiliary was organized, January 2 2, 19 45, we have held meetings
twice a month with a record attendance, and now have 45 members in good
standing.
At the close of each meeting our husbands, whose meetings are held at the
same time in an adjoining room, join us for refreshments. Our Refreshment Fund
is kept replenished by a raffle at each meeting. We also have a Penny Drill, the
proceeds used for a Flower and Card Fund in remembering our members and
their families in time of illness or death.
Our second Anniversary was celebrated with a Pot-Luck Dinner for our mem-
bers and their husbands. Two long tables were laden with plenty of good home-
cooked food which served about 75 people. Honored guests were Mr. and Mrs.
Cliff Mace, Los Angeles, our Business Manager and wife. The Auxiliary presented
corsages to Mrs. Mace; our past President, Mrs. Aline Aubert; and our presiding
President, Mrs. Kaethe Woodruff.
We welcome any and all Carpenter Auxiliary members to attend our meetings
held each second Tuesday of the month at the Labor Temple, 34 No. Ventura
Blvd., Ventura, 7:30 P.M. and each fourth Monday at the Civic Center Bldg., 7th
and C Street, Oxnard, 7:30 P.M.
MINNEAPOLIS AUXILIARY GROWING
Hello Ladies!
We enjoy reading your articles in "The Carpenter", so here we are with a few
words from the Ladies Auxiliary 152 of the Carpenters' Local No. 7 in Minne-
apolis. On March 25, 1947 we observed our 21st year with a large banquet.
Almost 100 members and their husbands were present at the Floyd B. Olson
Memorial Temple. A delicious chicken dinner was prepared and served by a
caterer, so we were all queens for the evening. We were entertained by a pro-
gram of character readings and a play presented by Mr. and Mrs. Peterson en-
titled "Before Marriage". Our President, Marie Olson, called on various members
for comments. Our Junior Past President, Selma Elifson, and our Senior Past
President, Jennie Falk, spoke on our activities. During the 21 years we have
been organized, we have been active in the Red Cross, Kenny Foundation, March
of Dimes and the Cancer Drive. During the depression we had quite a drop in
our membership, but now we are gaining and have so far this year initiated 15
new members.
On May 2 7 we are giving a card and bunco party. We hope to acquire quite
a little money toward our Christmas party. Last year Local No. 7 was kind
enough to pay all our expenses for the Christmas party.
LAFAYETTE LADIES FORGE AHEAD
The Editor:
Ladies' Auxiliary No. 462, of Carpenters' Local No. 215, Lafayette, Indiana,
wishes to extend greetings to all sister Auxiliaries. We enjoy all the letters from
our sister organizations and feel that we would like to tell a little about our newly
organized Auxiliary. We have just been organized since last October, but we
are very proud to report that we have 49 members. We meet the second and
fourth Wednesdays at the Y. W. C. A.
Even though we have not been organized very long, we feel that we have
accomplished quite a little! We have donated to the Red Cross in cash, and have
just finished some sewing for them. Have also donated to other worthwhile chari-
ties. We send cards and flowers to sick members. Right now we are planning on
bringing a little cheer to the members of the Children's Home, here in Lafayette.
We have held one Bake Sale and Bazaar, as a money-making project, which
gave our Treasury a great start.
Our Carpenters' Local No. 215 has assisted us very much in getting started,
which we greatly appreciate. Mrs. Harry Wingard, Rec .Sec'y.
Mrs. Phillip Eylens, Pres.
Craft ProblQms
r~
Carpentry
(Copyright 1S47)
LESSON 226
By H. H. Siegele
The stairghtedge is an old but in-
dispensable tool. It is closely related to
the level, both in its construction and
in the things for which it is used. Many
straightedges have leveling and plurnb-
".. ^ "
■'!
Fig. i
ing devices attached to them, as we
shall show by the illustrations. In fact,
a level consists of just that.
A straightedge should be made of
rather light material that will hold its
shape well. If the wood is treated so
that it will not absorb moisture rapidly,
the straightedge will give much longer
and more reliable service. The edges
should be perfectly square and jointed
in such a manner that they will be
absolutely straight from end to end. Be-
sides that, care must be taken in making
a straightedge with parallel edges, so
that it will be the same in width
throughout its length. To accomplish
this, the material should be ripped out
so that only a small amount of jointer
work will be necessary to finish the
edges. For the last few shavings the
jointer should be set so it will cut a
very thin shaving, and the jointing
should be done with extreme care. A
straightedge should not be considered
finished until after it has been checked
and tested thoroughly, and all imper-
fections corrected.
Fig. 1 shows to the left a light
straightedge with a plumbing attach-
Fig. 2
ment fastened to it. At the center we
have the same kind of a straightedge
with a block at each end. The leveling
and plumbing attachments are the same
as those shown on the other straight-
edge. To the right we have a detail of
the upper end of a light straightedge,
with the plumbing attachment installed.
No attempt is being made to represent
any particular make or design in show-
ing these attachments. What we are
showing should be considered as sym-
bols rather than anything that can be
THE CARPENTER
29
found on the market. The reason for
this is that there are so many leveling
and plumbing attachments of different
designs, that the choice should be left
entirely up to the workman. An impor-
tant thing that should be mentioned is
Fig. 3
that the attachment should be housed
into the straightedge, somewhat as we
are showing by the drawings. Fasten-
ing the attachment to the side impairs
the straightedge's usefulness greatly.
The glass should be open to view from
both sides of the straightedge.
Fig. 2 shows to the left a light
straightedge with three attachments on
it. The upper one is for plumbing, the
bottom one is for leveling and the one
between the two is set so that the
straightedge will be on a 45-degree
angle when the bubble centers. To the
right we are showing by the heavy lines,
a sample of what can be laid out with a
straightedge that has the attachments
set for leveling, plumbing and for the
45-degree slant. Another sample is
shown by Fig. 3. Here an octagon is
laid off. The first operation is to strike
a circle whose diameter is the distance
across the octagon desired. Then pro-
ceed by marking the octagon as shown,
using the level, the 45-degree and the
plumb attachments. The straightedge
must contact the circle in each opera-
tion, as shown by the heavy lines and
the parts of straightedges.
Fig. 4 shows drawings of straight-
edges that are mostly used for leveling
and for making long lines. The one at
A has edges that are parallel. The ad-
vantage of this straightedge is that a
level can be placed on it anywhere, par-
ticularly at the ends and center. This
Fig. 5
is not true of the straightedge shown
at B. Here the leveling must be done
by placing the level on the straightedge
at the center. This design has two
points in its favor: First, it is lighter
than the one at A, and second, leveling
from the center is usually more accu-
rate than from the ends. However, if a
straightedge is properly made and re-
ceives the right care, it should give ac-
curate results, regardless as to where
the level is placed. At C we show a
straightedge with a block at each end,
and at D we have one with short legs.
The blocks and legs are used to clear
the straightedge when humps or other
obstructions might be encountered. To
the right are shown end views of the
different straightedges shown by Fig. 4.
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BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il.. covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
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TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry, 64 pages, brown
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30
THE CARPENTER
Fig. 5 shows at the top a straight-
edge with parallel edges and three level-
ing attachments. These attachments
make it possible to do the leveling at
the ends or at the center. The center
drawing shows a straightedge that tap-
ers toward the ends, with a leveling
attachment installed at the center. The
same kind of straightedge is shown by
the bottom drawing, but instead of a
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Ask your Hardware Dealer or write direct.
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leveling attachment, it has a handhold
cut at the center.
For convenience the drawing of the
straightedge shown by Figs. 4 and 5,
represent rather short straightedges. In
practice such straightedges run all the
the way from 10 feet long up to 20
Fig. 6
feet. The most commonly used length,
however, is 16 feet. Those that are
shorter or longer are usually made for
some special purpose.
Fig. 6 shows a line level in three
different positions. At C the level is
halfway between the ends of the line,
and the bubble is at center. At L the
level is at the left end of the line,
and the bubble is to the left, while at
R the level is at the right end of
the line showing the bubble to the right.
i i ii i i n i i n i
Fig. 7
It is obvious from these three examples,
since the line is presumed to be the
same in the three cases, that the only
accurate leveling that can be done with
a line level, is by placing the level half-
STEEL SQUARE
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BOOK
This new and revised edition of Carpenters and Builders' Practical Rules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out octagons, ellipses, roofs,
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and Jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
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THE CARPENTER
31
way between the two end fastenings of
the line.
Fig. 7 shows a pocket level that can
be attached to a steel square or to a
small straightedge. This level gives ac-
curate results.
Fig. 8 is a drawing of a pocket level.
This level is mostly used by inspectors,
superintendents, contractors, and so
forth, for checking on work, such as
window stools, tables and many other
things. If used with a good straight-
edge it will give accurate results.
There is no tool used by carpenters
that is so ruthlessly abused as the
Fig. 8
straightedge. This is not true in all
cases, but it is in many. A straightedge
should have top-priority care — it should
never be left out in the weather when
not in use, but this writer has seen
straightedges out in rain or shine, after
which they were still expected to pro-
duce accurate results. After a straight-
edge has been watersoaked and warped
by uneven drying out, even though it is
rejointed, it will not stay that way until
it is thoroughly dry and kept dry. On
the other hand, a straightedge that is
properly made and cared for will give
good service over a long period of time,
with little if any rejoi'nting.
BAD PRACTICE
Whenever a double mudsill is used in
form building, it always indicates that
the earth under it is not solid. There
are different conditions of soil that
make it advisable to use the double
sill.
Fig. 1 shows, at the top, a cross sec-
tion of a double mudsill and the bottom
end of a shore with the wedges in
place. The y8-inch cross piece that is
shown is too weak to carry the load,
and when the concrete is poured, the
pressure will effect the sill as indicated
by the arrows. At the bottom we show a
plan of the sill, in part, and the cross
piece with the shore resting on it.
Fig. 2 shows what happened to the
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sill when the weight of the concrete
came on it. At the top we have a cross
section and at the bottom a plan.
Fig. 3, at the top, shows a cross sec-
32
THE CARPENTER
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
A,
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Into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
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Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
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method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
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tion of a double mudsill, but instead of
a cross piece, it has a %-inch block
placed under the shore in such a man-
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parallel with the sill. What will hap-
pen when the concrete is poured is in-
dicated by the arrows.
At the bottom of Fig. 3 we show a
cross section of a safe construction for
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a double mudsill. Here a cross piece
1 % inches thick is used under the
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
shore, which has enough strength to
support the load.
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timating strength of timbers — How to set girders
end sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans— Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on the
steel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds-
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Inalde Trade Information
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CAR
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"^£* £%e* SAWS
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perfect balance and correct design, /
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Home Office and Factory: 402 S. Illinois Street, Indianapolis 9, Indiana
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THE CARPENTER'S FRIEND FOR 90 YEARS
CARPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
AUGUST, 1947
AIR FORCE DAY - AUGUST 1
IS PEACE POWER
No nation devoid of aggressive aspirations
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LEARN TO ESTIMATE
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TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street. Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1SS1
Vol. LXVII — No. S
INDIANAPOLIS, AUGUST, 1947
One Dollar Per Tear
Ten Cents a Copy
— Co nt ent s —
No Compromise with Slavery
In no uncertain terms the American Federation of Labor pledges itself to a
fight-to-the-finish against discriminatory provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act.
At a special conference called for the purpose of studying the Act, representa-
tives from every affiliate of the Federation unanimously adopted a strong dec-
laration calling for nothing less than repeal of the measure.
Today's House Still a Bargain
10
Despite the fact that the cost of building a home is considerably higher
today than it was before the war, facts and figures show that today's house is
still a comparative bargain.
The Hard Road Back
14
Two and a half years after V-E Day, Europe is still floundering around des-
perately in an effort to rehabilitate itself. Against all sorts of shortages and
handicaps, the building trades and woodworking trades of the continent are
slowly but surely showing a few encouraging signs of regeneration.
Is the Modern Worker Happy?
19
The last hundred years have seen a great change in the status of the average
worker. He has gained much in the way of material things but he has also lost
a few things in the way of personal satisfaction.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Plane Gossip
Editorials -
Official
Ln Memoriam
Correspondence
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
12
16
22
23
24
25
57
Lndex to Advertisers
29
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22. 1915. at IXDIAXAPOLIS. IXB.. as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress. Auz. 24. 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103. act of October 3, 1917. authorized on July 8. 1918.
NO COMPROMISE WITH SLAVERY
* * *
NO compromise, no surrender, no retreat !
In one short phrase that summarizes the answer of the American
Federation of Labor to the passage of the discriminatory Taft-
Hartley Bill. Meeting in Washington, D. C, on July 9, representatives
from virtually every organization affiliated with the Federation discussed
and assayed the anti-labor law paragraph by paragraph. The evils and
injustices contained in the act were exposed. The portions that endanger
collective bargaining and hold the axe of government interference over
the head of harmonious industrial relations were uncovered. In the end,
the conference of Federation affiliates appointed a sub-committee to draw
up a declaration of principles for
the guidance of all organizations
connected with the Federation.
The six-man sub-committee, con-
sisting of Matthew Woll, president,
George Meany, secretary, William
L. Hutcheson, Daniel J. Tobin,
David Dubinsky, and Bill Green,
after considerable study, presented
a vigorous and clear-cut statement
for the approval of the conference.
In no uncertain terms the confer-
ence as a whole voted its approval
of the statement. Herewith we re-
print it in full :
A strong moving desire on the
part of working men and women
for the realization of higher stand-
ards of living has served to estab-
lish and stimulate the growth and
expansion of labor unions. The pro-
gress and development of labor un-
ions have run parallel to the steady
ever increasing demand of the
workers for higher wages, improved
conditions of employment, security
and social justice.
Time and experience have shown
that the labor union is the instru-
mentality which serves to promote
the economic, social and industrial
welfare of the workers everywhere.
Even non-union workers have been
the beneficiaries of the gains made
by the organized labor movement.
The organization of working men
and women means the mobilization
of their economic strength so that
they may substitute collective ac-
tion for individual action. The ma-
terial, educational and cultural well-
being of all classes of people de-
pend upon an adequate financial in-
come. To workers that means wages
high enough to enable them to main-
tain themselves in decency and com-
fort and to establish a standard of
living commensurate with the re-
quirements of American citizenship.
This is a noble objective. It
squares with the American way
of life. Workers everywhere
should be encouraged, not hampered
or hindered in their efforts to real-
ize such a high and lofty purpose.
Such an economic and social order
would serve to perpetuate our free
democratic form of government, to
prevent the spread of Communism,
or the acceptance of any totalitarian
philosophy and to serve as a guar-
antee of the preservation of our free
enterprise system.
THE CARPENTER
Apparently the authors and sup-
porters of the Taft-Hartley anti-
labor law ignored all these facts.
Their actions must be interpreted
as meaning that strong serviceable
labor unions must not be permitted
to exist within our economic and
social life, that only weak and im-
potent unions shall be allowed to
survive and that labor may have a
shadow of a labor movement but
not the substance.
This fact is reflected in every
word, line, sentence and paragraph
of the notorious Taft-Hartley Law.
It seeks to weaken, render impotent
and destroy labor unions. It does so
by striking a vital blow at free col-
lective bargaining and substitutes
a process of government domination
over employer-employe relation-
ship. The negotiations of closed
shop agreements are forbidden and
the regulations, limitations and pre-
scribed methods which must be fol-
lowed regarding union membership
are all designed to make it impos-
sible for labor unions to live and
function effectively.
In addition to the classification of
Unfair Labor Practices in this Act,
some stated and others vague, which
employers may charge against labor
unions, the Act provides that dam-
age suits may be instituted for al-
leged violation of contracts and
there is re-established the abhor-
rent principle and practice of gov-
ernment by injunction. The purpose
of those who supported the Taft-
Hartley Act to effectively destroy
labor unions, is made crystal clear
in thi-s provision of it.
The revision and reconstruction
of the National Labor Relations
Board has created confusion and
uncertainty. Its • real meaning will
never be clearly understood until it
has been defined by the courts. Em-
ployers and employes will" vehe-
mently differ as to the real mean-
ing of the provisions of the revised
and newly created National Labor
Relations Board. All of this will
serve to promote strife between em-
ployers and employes — the expendi-
tures of large sums of money in
court proceedings and a woeful
lack of cooperation between man-
agement and labor. President Tru-
man emphasized this fact in his
veto message when he stated:
"The National Labor Relations
Act would be converted from an
instrument with the major purpose
of protecting the right of workers
to organize and bargain collective-
ly into a maze of pitfalls and com-
plex procedures. As a result of these
complexities employers and work-
ers would find new barriers to mu-
tual understanding.
"The bill time and again would
remove the settlement of difference
from the bargaining table to courts
of law. Instead of learning to live
together employers and unions are
invited to engage in costly, time-
consuming litigation, inevitably em-
bittering both parties."
Here the President set forth in
simple language the evils of the
new National Relations Board and
the great dis-service to human rela-
tions in industry which is bound to
follow the enforcement of said
amended National Labor Relations
Act. Because the amendments to
the National Labor Relations Act,
as set forth in the Taft-Hartley Bill,
are susceptible to varied interpre-
tations and are confusing to the
highest degree,we would prefer no
National Labor Relations Board
to the National Labor Relations
Board with its administrative au-
thority as set forth in the Taftn
Hartley Law.
THE CARPENTER
5
The Taft-Hartley Laws is filled
with "Thou Shall Nots" or "Thou
Must" to the officers and members
of labor unions. The supporters of
the Taft-Hartley Law virtually de-
clare "Labor Unions must be made
weak and ineffective." Their ability
to serve working people, to preserve
economic freedom and to establish
higher standards of living for the
wage earners of the nation must be
limited and denned."
The provision of the Taft-Hart-
ley Bill which provides that it
shall be unlawful for any labor or-
ganization to make a contribution
or expenditure in connection with
the election of Members of Con-
gress, strikes a vital blow at free-
dom of speech and freedom of
press. This section must be inter-
preted as meaning that the support-
ers of the Taft-Hartley Bill sought
to make it a crime for labor to exer-
cise the right of freedom of the
press and freedom of speech in
order to prevent them from being
re-elected to Congress.
The vicious feature of this sec-
tion is reflected in the fact that it
provides any officer of a labor or-
ganization or any labor organiza-
tion which exercises the right of
freedom of speech or freedom of the
press in opposing a Member of
Congress who voted for the Taft-
Hartley Bill for re-election, shall
be guilty of a criminal offense, pun-
ishable by a fine or imprisonment
or both. Here in this section is
reflected the hatred of Members of
Congress toward labor unions and
their fixed bitter determination to
destroy them if possible.
The National Association of Man-
ufacturers and other employer or-
ganizations may function and serve
their respective memberships with-
out any substantial interference on
the part of government. They are
practically free from legislative re-
straints and limitations. The attor-
neys who serve the National Asso-
ciation of Manufacturers and who
prepared and wrote the Taft-Hart-
ley Bill saw to it that their clients
were exempt from many of the pro-
visions of the Act to which unions
and their members are subjected.
The Taft-Hartley Act is a strike
and strife-provoking act. It should
be properly classified as such. It
will serve to prevent the workers
from agreeing to incorporate a no
strike pledge in written contracts.
It means the end of sound labor
management relations and the sub-
stitution therefor of distrust, sus-
picion and class hatred.
And now the representatives of
seven million, five hundred thou-
sand members of the American Fed-
eration of Labor, after giving sol-
emn consideration to all the facts
herein stated, the provisions of the
Taft-Hartley Act 'and its legal anal-
ysis prepared by the Legal Depart-
ment of the American Federation of
Labor, herewith declare that the
following be our pledge and un-
compromising purpose :
i — Because we believe many of
the provisions of the Taft-Hartley
Bill are unconstitutional, we will
challenge the validit}^ of said sec-
tions in the courts. In doing so, we
shall avail ourselves of the oppor-
tunity to appeal in accordance with
court procedure to the Supreme
Court of the United States. We
shall exhaust every legal recourse
at our command in the efforts we
put forth to test the validity of
this Act.
2 — The repeal of this notorious
legislation shall be our fixed objec-
tive. We shall never be reconciled
to the acceptance of this legisla-
THE CARPENTER
tion. We shall oppose it — fight it
at every step and every opportunity
— until we succeed in our efforts to
bring about its repeal. Our action
in this respect will be based upon
the fact that we regard the Taft-
Hartley Bill as a slave measure,
un-American, vicious and destruc-
tive to labor's constitutional rights.
3 — We will organize, unite and
concentrate our efforts toward
bringing about the defeat of every
member of Congress for re-election
who voted in favor of final enact-
ment of the Taft-Hartley Bill.
4 — To protect our organizations
against possible suits for damages
and other vexations and destructive
litigation under this law it is recom-
mended that no-strike provisions
be omitted from all future agree-
ments, written or oral.
5— In order that the workers of
the Nation may be accorded a full
and complete opportunity to vote in
national elections we recommend
that our organizations set aside this
day as a holiday to be devoted sole-
ly to election purposes.
6— We recommend that the Ex-
ecutive Council of the American
Federation of Labor give full and
complete consideration to the dec-
larations of this conference and in
addition prepare for consideration
by the next Convention of the
American Federation of Labor a
program giving full effect to these
purposes.
This, then, is the answer of the
American Federation of Labor to
the Taft-Hartley measure. As the
statement points out, the most effi-
cient avenue of self-betterment
open to American workers is union-
ism. Nothing must be allowed to
abridge or interfere with the right
of workers to join unions of their
own choosing.
more 1m-
the lives
than the
It is the considered opinion of
this journal that American workers
have a right to know how those who
represent them in Congress conduct
themselves on matters pertaining to
the common welfare. No measure
coming before Congress since De-
cember, 1941, has had a
portant bearing on
of the common people
Taft-Hartley Bill. Therefore, not
since 1941 has it been so important
that the people know where and
how their representatives voted on
the Taft-Hartley Bill when the
chips were down. Herewith we re-
print the House and Senate voting
records on the Taft-Hartley Bill
when that measure came back to
Congress after the President's veto :
SENATE
For Overriding the Veto — 68
Republicans— 48
AIKEN
BALDWIN
BALL
BREWSTER
BRICKER
BRIDGES
BROOKS
BUCK
BUSHFIELD
BUTLER
CAIN
CAPEHART
CAPPER
COOPER
CORDON
DONNELL
DWORSHAK
ECTON
FERGUSON
FLANDERS
GURNEY
HAWKES
HICKENLOOPER
IVES
JENNER
KEM
KNOWLAND
LODGE
McCarthy
MARTIN
MILLIKIN
MOORE
REED
REVERCOMB
ROBERTSON (Wyo)
SALTONSTALL
SMITH
TAFT
THYE
TOBEY
VANDENBERG
WATKINS
WHERRY
WHITE
WILEY
WILLIAMS
WILSON
YOUNG
BYRD
CONNALLY
EASTLAND
ELLENDER
FULBRIGHT
GEORGE
HATCH
HOEY
HOLLAND
MAYBANK
Democrats — 20
McCLELLAN
McKELLAR
O'CONNOR
O'DANIEL
OVERTON
ROBERTSON
RUSSELL
STEWART
TYDINGS
UM STEAD
(Va.)
Against Overriding the Veto — 25
Republicans — 3
MORSE
LANGER
MALONE
THE CARPENTER
Democrats — 22
BARKLEY McCARRAN
CHAVEZ McFARLAND
DOWNEY McGRATH
GREEN McMAHON
HAYDEN MURRAY
HILL MYERS
JOHNSON (Colo.) O'MAHONEY
JOHNSTON (S. C.) PEPPER
KILGORE SPARKMAN
LUCAS • TAYLOR
MAGNUSON THOMAS (Okla.)
Senators Wagner and Elbert D.
Thomas did not vote but were an-
nounced as being against overriding.
Senator Wagner was prevented from
voting by illness and Senator Thomas
was in Geneva, Switzerland, attending
the International Labor Conference.
HOUSE
For Overriding the Veto
Alabama
ANDREWS
JARMAN
BATTLE
JONES
BOYKIN
MANASCO
GRANT
RAINS
HOBBS
Arkansas
CRAVENS
MILLS
GATHINGS
NORRELL
HARRIS
TRIMBLE
HAYS
California
ALLEN
HINSHAW
ANDERSON
JACKSON
BRADLEY
JOHNSON
BRAMBLETT
LEA
ELLIOTT
McDONOUGH
ENGLE
NIXON
GEARHART
PHILLIPS
FLETCHER
POULSON
Colorado
CHENOWETH
ROCKWELL
HILL
Connecticut
FOOTE
PATTERSON
LODGE
SHADLAK
MILLER
SEELEY-BROWN
Delaware
BOGGS
Florida
HENDRICKS
ROGERS
PETERSON
SIKES
PRICE
SMATHERS
Georgia
BROWN
PRESTON
CRAMP
VINSON
COX
WHEELER
DAVIS
WOOD
PACE
Idaho
GOPF
SANBORN
Dlinois
ALLEN
MASON
ARENDS
McMILLEN
BUSBEY
OWENS
CHIPERFIEDD
REED
CHURCH
SIMPSON
CLIPPINGER
AL STRATTON
DIRKSEN
TWYMAN
HOWELL
VAIL
JENISON
VURSELL
JOHNSON
Indiana
GILLIE
GRANT
HALLECK
HARNESS
JOHNSON
LANDIS
MITCHELL
SPRINGER
WILSON
Iowa
CUNNINGHAM
GWYNNE
HOEVEN
JENSEN ,
LeCOMPTE
MARTIN
TALLE
Kansas
COLE
HOPE
MEYER
REES
SCRIVENER
SMITH
Kentucky
CHAPMAN
CHELF
GREGORY
MEADE
MORTON
ROBISON
Ivouisiana
ALLEN
BOGGS
BROOKS
DOMENGEAUX
HEBERT
LARCADE
PASSMAN
Maine
FELLOWS
HALE
SMITH
Maryland
BEALL
FALLON
MEADE
MILLER
SASSCER
Massachusetts
BATES
CLASON
GOODWIN
HERTER
HESSELTON
ROGERS
WIGGLESWORTH
Michigan
BLACKNEY
COFFIN
CRAWFORD
DONDERO
ENGEL
HOFFMAN
JONKMAN
MICHENER
SHAFER
WOLCOTT
WOODRUFF
YOUNGBLOOD
Minnesota
ANDERSON
ANDRESEN
DEVITT
HAGEN
JUDD
KNUTSON
MacKINNON
O'HARA
Mississippi
ABERNATHY
COLMER
RANKIN
WHITTEN
WHITTINGTON
WILLIAMS
Missouri
ARNOLD
BAKEWBLL
BANTA
BELL
BENNETT
COLE
PLOESER
REEVES
SCHWABE
SHORT
ZIMMERMAN
Montana
D'EWART
Nebraska
BUFFETT
CURTIS
MILLER
STEFAN
Nevada
AL RUSSELL
N
ew Hampshire
COTTON
MERROW
New Jersey
AUCHINCLOSS KEAN
CANFIELD MATTHEWS
CASE SUNDSTROM
EATON THOMAS
HAND TOWE
HARTLEY WOLVERTON
THE CARPENTER
New Mexico
Vermont
AL FERNANDEZ
AL PLUMLEY
New York
Virginia
ANDREWS
BUCK
LEFEVRE
MACY
ALMOND
BLAND
HARDY
HARRISON
COLE
COUDERT
McMAHON
NODAR
DREWERY
GARY
SMITH
STANLEY
ELSAESSER
GAMBLE
POTTS
REED
"Washington
GWINN
RIEHLMAN
HOLMES
HORAN
HALL, E. A.
HALL. L. W.
ROSS
ST. GEORGE
"W. Virginia
KEARNEY
TABER
ELLIS
ROHRBOUGH
KEATING
TAYLOR
LOVE
SNYDER
KILBURN
LATHAM
WADSWORTH
Wisconsin
No. Carolina
BYRNES
DAVIS
MURRAY
O'KONSKI
BARDEN
DOUGHTON
KEEFE
SMITH
BONNER
DURHAM
KIRSTEN
STEVENSON
BUL WINKLE
JONES
CLARK
KERR
Wyoming
COOLEY
REDDEN
AL BARRETT
DEANE
No. Dakota
HOUSE
AL ROBERTSON
Ohio
For Sustaining the Vetc
AL BENDER
HESS
BOLTON
JENKINS
Arizona
BREHM
JONES
AL HARLESS
AL MURDOCK
BROWN
LEWIS
BURKE
McCOWEN
California
CARSON
McGregor
DOUGLAS
MILLER
CLEVENGER
RAMEY
HAVENNER
SHEPPARD
ELSTON
VORYS
HOLIFIELD
WELCH
GRIFFITHS
WEICHEL
KING
Oklahoma
Colorado
ALBERT
RIZLEY
CARROLL
MOXRONEY
PEDEN
SCHWABE
STIGLER
LANHAM
Georgia
Oregon
Illinois
ELLSWORTH
STOCKMAN
BISHOP
O'BRIEN
NORBLAD
DAWSON
PRICE
CHADWICK
Pennsylvania
KUNKEL
GORDON
GORSKI
SABATH
CORBETT
MALONEY
Indiana
CROW
McCONNELL
MADDEN
DAOUE
Mcdowell
Kentucky
FENTON
McGARVEY
FULTON
MUHLENBERG
BATES
SPENCE
GALLAGHER
RICH
CLEMENTS
GAVIN
SARBACHER
Louisiana
GILLETTE
SCOBLICK
GRAHAM
SCOTT. HARDIE
MORRISON
GROSS
SCOTT. HUGH
Massachusetts
JENKINS
KEARNS
SIMPSON
TIBBOTT
DONOHUE
McCORMICK
KENNEDY
PHILBIN
So. Carolina
LANE
BRYSON
RILEY
Michigan
DORN
RIVERS
DINGELL
SADOWSKE
RICHARDS
LESINSKI
So. Dakota
Minnesota
CASE
MUNDT
BLATNIK
Missouri
Tennessee
CANNON
KARSTEN
COOPER
COURTNEY
GORE
JENNINGS
Montana
DAVIS
MURRAY
MANSFIELD
EVINS
PRIEST
New Jersey
Texas
HART
NORTON
BECKWORTH
MAHAN
New York
BURLSON
PICKETT
FISHER
POAGE
BLOOM
KLEIN
GOSSETT
TEAGUE
BUCKLEY
LYNCH
JOHNSON
WEST
BUTLER
MARCANTONK
KILDAY
WILSON
BYRNE
O'TOOLE
LUCAS
WORLEY
CELLER
PFEIFER
LYLE
DELANEY
RABIN
Utah
HEFFERNAN
RAYFIEL
JAVITS
ROONEY
DAWSON
KEOGH
SOMERS
THE CARPENTER
No. Carolina
FOLGBR
North Dakota
AL LAMKB
Ohio
GROSSER
FBIGHAN
HUBER
KIRWAN
Oklahoma
JOHNSON
MORRIS
Oregon
ANGELL
Pennsylvania
BUCHANAN
EBERHARTEB
MORGAN
WALTER
Rhode Island
FOGARTY
FORAND
Tennessee
PHILLIPS
Texas
RAYBURN
THOMAS
THOMASON
Utah
GRANGER
Virginia
FLANNAGAN
Washington
JACKSON
JONES
tolleFson
W. Virginia
HEDRICK
KEE
Wisconsin
BROPHY
HULL
HOUSE
Paired For Overriding the Veto
Iowa
DOLLIVER
VANZANDT
Pennsylvania
HOUSE
Paired Against Overriding the Veto
Tennessee
KEFAUVER
GIFFORD
AL LUSK
WINSTED
FULLER
SMITH
KELLEY
McMillan
COMBS
MANSFIELD
HOUSE
Not Voting
Massachusetts
MARTIN
New Mexico
Mississippi
New York
POWELL
Ohio
Pennsylvania
South Carolina
Texas
PATMAN
Hail Carpenters Hall
Editor's note : Because the shortage of paper restricts so drastically the number of pages we
can publish in each issue, it has been necessary to dispense with publishing the many poems sent
in by our readers. However, the following contribution by Brother Albert V. Horner of Local
No. 2164, San Francisco, is so meritorious that not to publish would be a distinct loss.
The Carpenter
Dear Sirs and Brothers:
I so thoroughly enjoyed the flawless, brief article "Where Liberty
Echoed" on page five of your July issue of The Carpenter that, after read-
ing it three times, I was inspired to venture to submit the following
verse :
Hail Philadelphia! So honored the source,
Destiny chose is pursuing her course,
Crowning with glory the Carpenter Trade
More than a century and a decade,
Hail to that bastion immortals trod,
Fashioning Freedom while trusting in God.
Sacred that symbol, revered by us all,
Cradle of Liberty — Carpenters Hall.
Albert V. Horner
Local Union No. 2164,
San Francisco, Cal.
10
Today's House Is ^4 Bargain
DURING the past few years there has been a tremendous amount
of varied and confusing propaganda about housing and housing
costs. "While there is no denying the fact that house building
costs have increased materially in the last twenty-four months, a sane
analysis of facts shows that house costs are not out of line with the general
inflationary trend which has affected our entire economy. In fact, figures
show that houses still remain among the cheapest of commodities in spite
of price tags that sometimes look startling.
The above applies, of course,, to newly built houses only. There has
been a tremendous increase in the sales price of second hand houses.
Since these houses have mostly been built from ten to twenty years, the
inflation in price is no way related to building costs. The added price
represents nothing more or less than the owners desire to make a killing
while the seller's market is in existence. It is when considering the price
tag that adorns the new house of today in relation to other prices and the
earnings of all workers today that the fact emerges that houses are still
comparative bargains.
William C. Sterner, a fair contractor in upper Xew York State and
one time president and member of Local Union Xo. 493, Mount Vernon,
dfgs up some interesting figures on this subject. As a man who has fol-
lowed the building trade all his life as both worker and contractor. Mr.
Sterner speaks with real authority. In an article entitled '"The House —
The Cheapest Necessity" he shoots some of the propaganda surrounding
housing costs as full of holes as a Swiss cheese. Since the article speaks
for itself, we are herewith reprinting it:
*****
"In comparing the rise in various wage scales since 1939 and the rise
in various commodity prices over the same period, two interesting facts
are brought to light. First, the house is one of the necessities of life
showing the least increase in price in the last eight years on a percentage
basis comparison. Second, the building trades mechanic who does the
erecting of the house is less able to buy the house he builds than any other
tradesman or professional man when 1939 and 1947 incomes and prices
are compared.
"Even with the recent rise in home costs, the general public is now in
a better position to buy a home than it was in 1939 with the lower prices
that prevailed at that time.
"A house costing $10,000 to build in 1939 costs approximately $14,800
to build today. In the following table, the wages of various types of
THE CARPENTER
11
income earners are compared and set against comparative building- costs
for the two years. I believe the figures speak for themselves. Although
the carpenter is the only building mechanic in the table, he is representa-
tive of all building tradesmen. His is the plight of all building tradesmen.
"This table indicates how much earning capacity each class of worker
would have to barter to buy a $10,000 house in 1939, and how much
he would have to invest today to buy the same house at the advanced price
of $14,8000.
To Buy A $10,000 House
in 1939.
A Carpenter worked 817 days
A School Teacher, Policeman
or average city employee
worked 6 years
A Domestic Worker worked
3,600 days
A Farm Hand worked 300
months
A Factory Worker worked
2,000 days
The Farmer had to produce
the following:
22,000 bushels corn
or
32,000 bushels oats
or
12,000 bushels wheat
or
100,000 lbs. cotton
or
140,000 lbs. pork
To Buy A $14,800
in 1947. Net Savings
Now works 880 days or 63 days more today
Now works 4 years
Now works 2,600 days
Now works 164
months
Now works 1,400
days
Now has to produce
only the following:
12,000 bushels corn
20,000 bushels oats
7,000 bushels wheat
56,000 lbs. cotton
64,000 lbs. pork
or 2 years less today
or 1,000 days less today
or 13 6 months less today
or 600 days less today
Saves:
or 10,000 bshls less
or 12,000 bshls less
or 5,000 bshls less
or 44,000 lbs. less
or 76,000 lbs. less
"From the above one can readily see that the house is one of the cheap-
commodities on the market today."
A look at a few figures covering building material prices and building
trades wages soon shows why the carpenter is less able to buy a house at
today's prices than almost any other worker. In the first place, building
material costs have advanced much more than building trades wages. The
price asked for lumber — the largest single building material item in the
average modest home — has increased by practically 190% according to
F. W. Dodge Corporation and other financial analyists. By comparison,
carpenters' wages on a nationwide basis haA^e increased by an average of
only forty per cent. Most other wages have increased much more rapidly.
These are the things that reflect the disadvantage of the building trades
worker in today's inflationary economic setup, as indicated by Mr. Ster-
ner's table.
MAKE HASTE SLOWLY
As this is being written, Congress is
still tackling the problems of cutting
down Federal expenditures and reduc-
ing taxes. Ever since Congress convened
shortly after the first of the year, tax
legislation has been given more batting
around than a two-bit baseball at a
boys' Sunday School picnic. At this
point the score still reads: no hits, no
runs, all kinds of errors.
With the general idea of cutting ex-
penses and decreasing taxes, all of us
are in full accord. But when it comes
to weakening the Army and Navy or
cutting out essential services that make
for progress and prosperity to do so,
we think caution ought to be the watch-
word.
After all there is the case of the
Scotsman who took big steps to save his
six dollar shoes only to split his eight
dollar pants.
• • •
SO SAYS PAUP
^'Middle age," says our old friend Joe
Paup, "is the period in life when you'd
do anything to feel better, except give
up what's hurting you."
That reminds me, George — I MUST
return your lawn mower.
REAL, DIPLOMACY
Last November 5 the hopes of some
candidates were fulfilled and the hopes
of others were blasted into smithereens.
The people went to the polls and spoke
their pieces and the results wrote the
ticket. For our part we were interested
in the fate of a guy running for sheriff
in a new Mexico county. Seeking all
the support he could find, he one day
called on a minister.
"Before I decide to give you my sup-
port," said the minister, "I would like
you to answer a question."
"Shoot," replied the candidate.
"Do you partake of intoxicating bev-
erages?"
"Before I reply I would also like to
ask a question," countered the office
seeker. "Is that an inquiry or an invita-
tion?"
We never did hear whether the fellow
made it or not. However, if the people
rejected him it seems to us the State
Department could use him to good ad-
vantage.
• • •
CONGRESS MARCHES ON
For the past couple of years Congress
has been handling labor legislation like
an oboe player with mumps working on
Beethoven's Fifth Symphony. First it
passed the Smith-Connally bill, which
proved to be a flop. Then it brought
forth the Case Bill which laid another
big egg. Now the foes of labor on the
hill are beating their chests about the
Hartley-Taft Act. It all sort of reminds
us of the Army doctor.
A patient came to a field hospital
with the complaint that he was unable
to sleep at night. The doctor's advice
was for the soldier to eat something be-
fore going to bed.
"But, doctor," the patient reminded
him, "two months ago you told me
never to eat anything before going to
bed."
The good doctor blinked, and then in
full professional dignity replied, "My
boy, that was two months ago. Science
has made enormous strides since then."
THE CARPENTER
13
A COMMENDABLE NOTION
Some fifteen years and forty million
dollars after its inauguration in 1932
by President Hoover, the Reconstruc-
tion Finance Corporation is going to be
investigated. During all the years RFC
has tossed about millions and billions
to American business firms in the way
of loans. And to date there has never
been a real accounting. Jesse Jones,
long time RFC head, consistently
stymied any and all efforts to bring
the long list of the corporation's deal-
ings into the light of day. All notions
along that line he managed to sup-
press; which reminds us of the one
about the floorwalker.
A slick chick approached the floor-
walker and asked, "Do you have no-
tions on this floor?"
To which the floorwalker replied,
after giving the young lady the once
over, "Yes, Miss, but we suppress them
during business hours."
Well, from the looks of thinks, the
notion of bringing out RFC dealings for
an accounting is all through being sup-
pressed. The Senate Banking Commit-
tee is taking on the job. Among the
things it will try to find out is why
so many RFC officials step into big
paying jobs in industry right after RFC
loans are granted.
EVERYBODY WANTS TO GET
INTO THE ACT
Greece may prove to be the fuse that
touches off the powder keg that throws
the world into another disastrous war.
The Russians want Greece Communis-
tic; we want it democratic; the British
want it monarchistic. Between the vari-
ous factions, some first class chaos has
been created in the little Balkan coun-
try.
Diplomacy being out of our line, it
may be presumptious on our part to
make a suggestion, but did anyone ever
think of asking the Greeks what they
want?
• • *
THE WAY TAFT WANTS IT
"If the Taft-Hartley Bill does all the
things its authors claim it does, next
winter is going to be a cold one," says
Joe Paup, beer-barrel philosopher, "be-
cause a guy ain't going to even dare put
on a union suit."
REMEMBER IN NOVEMBER
Probably because they were afraid of
the people come election time, the Con-
gressmen who promoted and passed the
infamous Taft-Hartley Bill wrote into
it a provision which supposedly prevents
labor papers from exposing their records
in Congress on labor matters. However,
we are inclined to believe a lot of these
stooges of the vested interests are go-
ing to be warming back-porch rocking
chairs come November, 1948. Those
who so nobly fought for sanity and jus-
tice in labor relations have nothing to
fear. But those who held the gun
against labor's ribs had better start
looking over the Help Wanted columns.
And this ought to make the story about
the western editor apropos.
It was in the West in the old days.
The new editor of the little weekly was
very young, shy and nervous. His speech
to the Chamber of Commerce had
flopped miserably, for the presence of
bearded men with .45 pistols hanging
at their hips had not helped his pres-
ence of mind.
He stumbled to a halt, finally, and
sat down. Immediately, a group of his
armed listeners arose and walked omin-
ously toward the speaker's table.
A grizzled old cattleman came over
and placed a reassuring hand upon the
youth's trembling shoulder.
"Now, you jes' sit still, son," he said.
"They ain't gonna hurt you — they's
comin' fo' the program chairman."
No matter where you go nowadays,
the service is awful.
14
Out of the shambles of war, European nations
are slowly reviving building and woodworking
The Hard Road Back
• •
AS THE horrors of war recede farther into history, the building
trades and woodworking trades in Europe are slowly catching up
with the task of rehabilitating the areas devastated by the war.
Everywhere building materials are short, skilled laborers are scarce and
venture capital is anything but plentiful. Nevertheless, the woodworking
trades and building trades are making a partial comeback. The Interna-
tional Federation of Building and Woodworkers reports some interesting
developments in various European countries.
According to IBWW, the Belgian
government recently began negoti-
ating with Italy as to the possi-
bility of importing Italian build-
ing workers into Belgium to help
with the tremendous reconstruction
job facing the people there. The
general idea is to admit Italian
building tradesmen in closed groups
under expert leadership. These
groups must include enough skilled
workers so that they can under-
take the rehabilitation of whole vil-
lages at one time without further
assistance. Under the proposed
plan, Italian building tradesmen
are to enter Belgium for several
month periods minus their families
and in practice they are to be
classed and treated as seasonal
workers.
From the Scandanavian countries,
IBWW reports that on the initia-
tive of the Norwegian government,
a committee was established to ex-
amine the possibility of inaugurat-
ing a three week vacation plan in
Norwegian industry. This commit-
tee has proposed that, beginning in
1948, a three week vacation be in-
troduced all the way down the line.
Under the plan recommended by
the committee, two weeks' vacation
is to fall in the summer months and
the third week is to fall in either the
spring or autumn months. During
the vacation period full wages must
be paid or an amount equivalent to
six and a half per cent of annual
earnings must be paid instead. The
latter is of considerable importance
to those wTho work on a piece rate
basis.
The Norwegian trade union cen-
ter has been requested to give pre-
liminary advice on the plan. It is
expected that the Storting will deal
with the matter before the end of
the present year.
In the liberated areas of Poland
there are more than 108 undertak-
ings in the wood industry. In these
factories the damage caused by the
war amounts up to an average of
30%. Eighty-five of the 108 enter-
prises are working again. During
the last quarter the total production
was valued at 6,000 Millions Zloty
on the basis of the exchange rate of
1937. The central administration is
trying to increase the capacity and
to this end it has invested 40,000
Million Zloty in the wood industry.
The main objects manufactured in
the liberated areas are: wooden
cases, staves, office furniture, con-
struction spare parts for houses,
THE CARPENTER
15
barrels, floors, wooden toys, house-
hold implements, wheelbarrows, ve-
hicles, plywood, furniture veneer,
and other first class furniture.
According to information derived
from a Polish source, 1,450 sawmills
are managed by the Forestry ad-
ministration. Seven hundred of
these sawmills are situated in the
liberated areas, no of which have
recommenced their work. It is ex-
pected that another 320 sawmills
will start to work in the very near
future, 173 of which are situated in
the liberated territories.
Holland is now reportedly receiv-
ing lumber supplies from the Amer-
ican zone in Germany. The first
transport load of sawed lumber
froni the American zone reached
Amsterdam early this summer. It
consisted of some two million feet
of badly-needed boards and dimen-
sion timber. Another forty million
feet are expected to be delivered
before the summer is over. While
this total amount does not go very
far toward satisfying H o 1 1 a n d's
total needs for lumber, it does help
to relieve the critical shortage of
wood to the extent that a few of
the most critical repairs can be
made without delay.
During the last year the Czecho-
slovakian Co-operative Export So-
ciety, CESTIX, has been in touch
with British buyers concerning the
sale of 1000 wooden houses to Eng-
land. The houses will be built in
Czechoslovakia in accordance with
British construction designs. The
first specimens of this type of
house have been completed, and as
soon as the Britnsh buyers have de-
clared their approval, the mass pro-
duction will start.
In the course of the year 1946, a
new law came into force in Hun-
gary regarding forest resources.
Under the new law, all the larger
forest estates have become property
of the state. Small individual hold-
ings are not covered by this law and
they still remain private property.
Total forest resources of the nation,
both state and privately owned, are
estimated at sixty million feet. This
year's cutting was expected to reach
three million feet although it is
doubtful if this goal will be reached.
Even if it is, however, this amount
will not even come close to meeting
the nation's demand for wood and
wood products. Consequently the
possibility of Hungary exporting
wood to other nations is practically
non-existent. Since the new law
placing larger forest holdings under
the domination of the state went
into effect, the government now
owns seventy-five per cent of all
timber resources in the nation.
From her meager forests, France
has been making a valiant effort to
meet as much of her tremendous de-
mand for wood as possible. The
year 1946 saw a sixty per cent in-
crease in the production of wood
over the preceding year. B ut like
most of her neighbors, France has
far too little timber to meet even a
very small fraction of her needs.
Like other European countries, too,
she is short of skilled help, hard-
ware and most other building mate-
rials.
In reply to a query addressed to
the English Parliament, the fact
was uncovered that since Germany
capitulated, 160,000 acres of forest
land in the British occupation zone
have been denuded. This represents
something like three per cent of
Germany's total forestry area. How-
ever, it was disclosed at the same
time that some 76,000 acres are be-
ing reforested during the present
season.
Editorial
■.-.;-.:.; J X^^SgyV fall.!:' ■■ ■ '^' • ^lililJIh;
A Good Rule To Adopt
The Taft-Hartley Eill is now law. Over the President's veto. Congress
enacted it and put it on the statute books. While it may be difficult for
any conscientious individual to understand the kind of thinking" that
prompted Congres to pass the law, the fact remains, nevertheless, that
Congress did pass it and it now stands as one of the laws of the land.
That being true, organized labor, from top to bottom, now faces the
problem of living under the law as best it can and so streamlining itself
that it can function with the utmost efficiency under the restrictions im-
posed by that law.
The vicious, un-American, anachronistic features of the law have been
too thoroughly hashed over in recent months to need repeating here. The
whole subject can be covered by saying that the Taft-Hartley Bill has
set back industrial relations fifty years. It has revived, or at least opened
the door, to all the old union-smashing devices of the turn of the century;
the open shop, the injunction, the company union, the blacklist, etc. It
has nullified most of the legislative guarantees which over the past fifty
years have been built up to guarantee every worker the right to choose a
bargaining agent without interference from anyone. From protecting the
right of every man to join a union without fear of reprisal, it has switched
to guaranteeing a few dissenters the right not to join a union and not to
participate in collective bargaining.
Yet all this does not change the fact that the Bill is now law. We have
to live with it, so we might as well look it squarely in the eye and make
our plans accordingly. Elsewhere in this issue is reprinted a declaration
adopted by a conference of officials of all national and international unions
affiliated with the American Federation of Labor. It sets forth in clear and
understandable language a course of vigorous action. It pledges a court
test of all provisions of the law whose constitutionality may be doubtful.
And. most important of all, it pledges a never-ending fight until the law is
repealed.
As far as the American Federation of Labor is concerned, and as far as
the international and national unions that make it up are concerned, the
chips are down. Individually and collectively they are committeed to a
never-ending fight until the measure is beaten, repealed, and erased from
the statute books permanently.
But individual union members, too, must bear a proportionate share
of the responsibility in the fight. Each member of a union must realize
that not only his union but also his standard of living is at stake. He must
realize it is his fight and that what he does or does not do will have a
bearing on the final outcome.
Through the years, untold numbers of workers have laid down their
lives to build and perpetuate the labor movement. Thousands have been
THE CARPENTER 17
jailed and beaten and run out of town. Millions have starved and suffered
and sacrificed. But they never for a single moment stopped fighting for the
cause.
The fanatical zeal of these old timers must be rekindled again today.
By comparison the burden we will have to carry will be a light one. But
it is important that we carry it steadily and proudly. We must have faith
in our unions. We must give them the best that is in us. And, most impor-
tant of all, we must recognize and oppose all who belittle unionism when-
ever and wherever we meet them.
A Job For Uncle Sam
Ever since the turn of the century, the American people have been
watching with increasing alarm the growth of monopoly concentration in
all lines of endeavor. Year by year the larger corporations have gobbled up
more and more of their competitors. And the war only served to increase
the pace of monopoly growth. As a matter of fact, six of the larger cor-
porations have acquired almost half of the value of war plants sold by the
government. Some 250 corporations now control or are in a position to
control manufacturing facilities equal to all the manufacturing facilities
that existed in 1939.
Now size in itself and of itself in corporations is not necessarily a bad
thing. Mass production is what brings prices of commodities down while
wages stay up. When industrial empires are run on an honest and straight-
forward basis, they do not necessarily injure our economy. The danger
lies in the fact that corporations which monopolize their particular fields
eliminate any yardstick by which their records can be judged. There is no
way of knowing whether the public is being gouged or not. There is no
way of knowing whether or not the products produced are the best possible.
And in any field of human endeavor the tendency is to follow the line of
least resistance when there is no competition. Regardless of how conscien-
tious an individual or corporation may be, human nature begins asserting
itself whenever competition disappears. Gradually the tendency to demand
more and give less begins asserting itself. Before long an unhealthy condi-
tion has developed.
At present the government has several agencies charged with the re-
sponsibility for policing monopoly growth. So far they have been more
or less ineffectual. Monopolies show every sign of getting out of hand.
Somewhere or somehow it is up to Uncle Sam to devise ways and mean
of keeping things under control.
•
Frying Financial Dynamite
Nearly 200 years ago, a number of spirited and patriotic Bostonians
staged a little rumpus that has lived in history as the "Boston Tea Party."
It all came about because the British government was rigging the price of
tea. The colonists stood about as much rigging as they could. When the
load became too heavy, they took direct action.
We cannot help but wonder what would happen today if some of the
participants in the Boston Tea Party could return to mortal form for a
18 THE CARPEXTER
little while. We wonder, for example, what they would think of the deal
the nation's eanners are trying" to put over.
Last year prices of canned fruits and vegetables climbed so high most
people in the lower income brackets were priced out of the market. As a
result, warehouses are still bulging with last year's pack. Now the ean-
ners have Washington swarming with lobbyists to push a neat little plan
they have devised.
What they want is simple. It amounts to just this: you and I and the
hundred and fifty million other citizens should underwrite a couple of
hundred million dollars in the way of export subsidies for them to get
rid of the remnants of last year's pack on the foreign market. They will
dump last year's pack on the foreign market for what it will bring. Then
you and I and the rest of the taxpayers will make up the difference in
price. That way we can clean the decks for this year's pack and keep prices
at their present sky-high levels. By this scheme we can guarantee the
packers a high price not only for this year's pack but also for the remnant
of last year's pack which did not sell because prices were beyond the reach
of too many people. The packers have a lot fancier way of putting it. but
what they really want is for you and me to pay a couple of hundred mil-
lions in taxes for the privilege of continuing to pay exhorbitant prices for
our canned fruits and vebetables.
It may be hard to believe, but there are some officials in the Department
of Agriculture actually pushing the scheme. An equally vicious price-
fixing deal is also being rigged for the sugar market. This deal would
obligate Uncle Sam to maintain present stratospheric prices of sugar far
into the future. Several ex-employes of the Department of Agriculture
who are now working for the sugar trust at salaries up to $40,000 per year
are trying to master-mind the measure through Congress.
* Maybe people have gotten a little bit soft since the 1770's but there
must be a spot somewhere along the line at which they will rebel. If the
sugar interests and the cannery interests can get Uncle Sam to guarantee
them high prices when volume starts falling off. why not the bakers and
butchers and car manufacturers and everyone else? If this policy is pur-
sued, how will prices ever come down? It is bad enough paying present
stratospheric prices, but if the people are going to have to shell out
millions more in taxes to keep them there, the situation is soon going to
become intolerable.
For the past several years we have been hearing that production and
more production is the only answer to our economic problems. If more
production is going to mean higher taxes without any price relief, then
Heaven help us all.
The time has come for Uncle Sam to pick up his hole card and take
a long, hard look at it. Some of the policies he has been pursuing lately
are about as safe as frying dynamite, financially speaking. Like workers,
farmers must have adequate returns to maintain their purchasing power.
To the extent any program insures a decent return for farmers, it is satis-
factory to the American people. But when it comes to underwriting
profits for the sugar trust and the cannery combines, things are getting out
of hand; especially when a little reduction in price would enable low
income Americans to soon eat up any supposed surplus.
19
Is The Modern IVorker Happy?
By EUGENE ROUNDSTREAM
I *
HENRY FORD, II., recently said in substance that if industrialists
spent as much money trying- to find out what makes the worker
happy as they do fighting labor, we would not have any industrial
strife. A shrewder observation could hardly be made.
There was a time in history when the worker was reasonably contented
with his lot. That was before the Industrial Revolution which occurred in
England in 1765 (in America about 1865). Since these dates the Industrial
Revolution has been gradually destroying the most favorable conditions
ever known to the worker.
Before the Industrial Revolution,
the master craftsman made the
products of his trade in his own
home where he was at times assisted
by apprentices and journeymen. The
apprentices and journeymen lived
in the home of the master crafts-
man. Occasionally, one of the work-
ers would marry into the master
craftsman's family. The methods of
industry of that day were simple
and the employer-employe relations
intimate. The master craftsman
owned the tools with which he
worked and the raw materials used
in production. Owning the finished
articles, he received the profit from
their sale.
The individually satisfying fea-
tures about the old handicraft sys-
tem of production which we should
bear in mind when considering the
vast changes brought about in the
worker's status by the Industrial
Revolution were:
(A) Handicraft production gave
the worker an opportunity to ex-
press his creative abilities and ar-
tistic skills in the articles which he
produced. The painstaking care that
went into the making of hand-made
articles that we prize so highly to-
day, lifted the trades to a level of
an art.
(B) The worker enjoyed eco-
nomic security because he owned
the tools and the raw materials used
in production. The rate of scientific
change was such that the tools
which the worker used were not
changed frequently. Hence there
was no technological unemploy-
ment.
(C) The handicraft system of in-
dustry offered the worker the hope
of steady advancement and eventual
economic independence. An appren-
tice could always look forward to
the time when he would be able to
buy a few simple and inexpensive
tools and go into business for him-
self. The steps from apprenticeship
to master craftsman were easy ones.
Then in 1765 came the Industrial
Revolution which ushered in the
present machine age. The Industrial
Revolution took manufacturing out
of the home and placed it in the
factory for the reason that workers
could not afford to buy the new and
expensive factory buildings and ma-
20
THE CARPENTER
chines. Corporations were formed
to gather large amounts of capital to
finance the cost of the new factories
and machinery. And with the work-
er's loss of control over his tools of
production, also went his control
over his conditions of employment.
The worker was now at the mercy
of the corporation or large employ-
er. He had to take a job in a factory
where he became a "wage slave."
The master craftsman could no
longer ask what he thought was a
fair profit for his finished articles
or for his labor. He had to take
the wages that were offered him
which meant that a part of his pro-
duction could now be appropriated
by the corporation. The Industrial
Revolution substituted large-scale
machine production for small-scale
hand production. Where the work-
er formerly made the whole article
he had now to make only a small
part of it. The Industrial Revolu-
tion changed the lives of the work-
ers as completely as it changed the
products which they made.
It is easy to underestimate the
proportions of the world-shaking
Industrial Revolution which con-
tinues on down even to this hour.
As J. L. and B. Hammond say in
their book, 'The Rise of Modern
Industry :' "The Industrial Revolu-
tion must be seen in a perspective
of this kind: as a departure in
which man passed definitely from
one world to another as an event
bringing confusion that man is still
seeking to compose, power that he
is still seeking to subdue to noble
purposes."
The evil effects of the Industrial
Revolution on the worker, some of
which labor unions have since suc-
ceeded in ameliorating, were:
(i) Wages were low because the
individual worker was powerless
before the superior bargaining posi-
tion of the corporation;
(2) Hours of work for men, wo-
men and children were from before
sunrise until after sunset;
(3) Since a machine could pro-
duce more than an individual work-
er using hand tools, markets could
be glutted in short order. This de-
stroyed the nice balance heretofore
existing between production and
consumption under the old handi-
craft system of production which in
turn led to the business cycle with
its alternate boom and depression.
(A depression, in the main, is
caused by a disparity between the
amount of purchasing power in the
hands of consumers and the amount
of consumers' good produced) ;
(4) Destruction of the balance
between production and consump-
tion brought about the problem of
lay-offs and large-scale, extended
unemployment;
(5) The air inside factories be-
came laden with flying materials
and gases that were injurious to the
health of the worker;
(6) Industrial accidents due to
faulty machinery were numerous;
(7) Since the worker now made
with a machine only a part of the
finished product, his work became
monotonous, repetitive and nerve-
draining;
(8) Employers introduced the
inhuman speed-up which was calcu-
lated to wring the last bit of energy
from the worker;
(9) The worker's employment re-
lations became impersonal for he
seldom came to know his employer
on account of absentee ownership;
(10) Child labor;
(11) Industry became concentrat-
ed in the cities and, the worker,
in order to be near his work, had to
THE CARPENTER 21
live in slums which grew up around our own day can be attributed to
the factories. the Industrial Revolution which,
_ , , . . ^ ., J_. T , since its beginning, has (i) thwart-
On the brighter side, the Indus- , ,, f , V, • .,
. , -r, 1a. ,__. .. , , ed the workers personality in the
trial Revolution multiplied mans , ,. , , < ,
r it). expression of his work; (2) speed-
productive powers enormously. But , ,, , r ., , j
F, . r . . y , ed-up the worker frequently beyond
this enormous increase in produc- ,, •-<■.• , • 1 a
, ,, * , the point of his physical endurance ;
tion should not cause us to lose , \ ■< , , ,, • , , 1
. , . , . . .. ... n) destroyed the intimate employ-
siafht of the industrial evils which w . , ,. , . ,
°, . , . . . er-employee relationships; and pro-
still exist: depressions, technolog- 1 / ,, *.- z I
I , ,ii-i e 1 duced many other unsatisfactory
ical and other kinds of unemploy- work conditions_ Up to date< the
ment bad working conditions, and kbor union hag been the Qnl effec_
standards of living that still otter ,. , . , ,. , ,, 1 ,
,. , , & r r , tive device to which the worker has
too little by way of comforts and , u< , , £
J J been able to turn for an lmprove-
w °" ment in his working and living con-
Against these unhappy working ditions. The labor union has also
conditions growing out of the In- been a beneficial force in society in
dustrial Revolution and the organ- guiding the Industrial Revolution
ized bargaining power of employ- toward intelligent social purpose.
ers, men banded into labor unions It has lent stability to our social
to seek redress of their grievances, order which has been rendered un-
Much of the industrial unrest of stable by rapid scientific change.
WORK STOPPAGES SHOW BIG DECLINE
Time lost because of labor-management work stoppages in the first half of
1947 was about 75 per cent below that lost during the first six months of 1946,
according to a report released by the bureau of labor statistics, U. S. Department
of Labor.
Approximately 2,200 stoppages came to the notice of the bureau in the first
six months of 19 47. During the first' six months of this year, stoppages involved
about 1,560,000 workers as compared to 3,000,000 workers during the same
period in 1946, when labor-management controversies reached their post war
peak. In the same period in 1947 the time loss was between 20 and 21 million
man-days, while in 19 46 it was nearly 89 million man-days.
From January to June, 1947, there were 13 stoppages involving 10,000 or more
workers each. The largest of these was the telephone workers' controversy in April
and May involving over 300,000 workers, and the stoppage of over 200,000 bitu-
minous coal miners in late June. In the same period of 1946, 18 large stoppages
involving 10,000 or more workers were recorded.
In the first six months of 1947 the conciliation service assigned commissioners
of conciliation to 1,254 work stoppages, involving 8 50,000 workers. This repre-
sented a decline of 22 per cent in the number of assignments compared with the
first six months of 1946.
KILLING BUGS IN FOREST
While we are cussing the airplanes for killing so many human beings, the
press service in the United States Department of Agriculture is showering blessings
upon airplanes that are now spraying 387,000 forest acres with DDT insecticide.
The prospects are that $60 million worth of timber will be saved in the Idaho
panhandle from destruction by tussock moths.
These enemies and other forest insects will be killed by airplane spraying.
The U. S. forest service says that the new method will probably save the nation
many millions of dollars in standing timber.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General "Vice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis. Ind.
General Secretary
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District. CHARLES JOHNSON, JR.
Ill E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page, Dallas, Texas
Second District, WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bldg., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave.. Cleveland, O.
Seventh District. ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District. ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St., Florence, S. C.
WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the Genera] Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
CONVENTION CALL,
Pursuant to Section Four of the Constitution of the Building- and Con-
struction Trades Department of the American Federation of Labor, you
are hereby notified that the Fortieth Annual Convention will be held in
San Francisco, California, at the St. Francis Hotel, Wednesday, October
i, 1947, at 10:00 a.m. and will continue in session from da}' to day until the
business of the Convention shall have been completed.
CONVENTION CALL
Pursuant to the Constitution of the Union Label Trades Department
of the American Federation of Labor, you are hereby notified that the
Thirty-ninth Annual Convention of the Union Label Trades Department
will convene in the Italian Room of the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco,
10 a.m., Friday, October 3, 1947, and will continue in session until the
business of the Convention is completed.
•
CONVENTION CALL
You are hereby notified that, in pursuance of the Constitution of the
American Federation of Labor, the Sixty-sixth Convention of the Amer-
ican Federation of Labor will be held in the Civic Auditorium, San Fran-
cisco, Cal., beginning at 10:00 o'clock Monday morning, October 6, I947>
and will continue in session from day to day until the business of the
Convention has been completed.
Jin fflLtm&vinm
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more
%t&i in Tj^t&tz
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother CHARLES ALLEN, Local No. 186, Steubenville, Ohio.
Brother FRANK BALEK, Local No. 298, Long Island City, N. Y.
Brother J B. BARNES, Local No. 653, Chickasha, Okla.
Brother JOE BAUMGARTNER, Local No. 657, Sheboygan, Wis.
Brother LYNN F. BEVIER, Local No. 200, Columbus, Ohio.
Brother THOMAS J. BREWER, Local No. 325, Patterson, N. J.
Brother JAMES BYERS, Local No. 500, Butler, Pa.
Brother EDWARD CHABOT, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother ABRAHAM CHERLOV, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother GEORGE CROCKER, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
Brother ANTONIO DICARLUCCIO, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
Brother JOHN PHILLIP DUNN, Local No. 622, Waco, Tex.
Brother CARL ERIKSON, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother L. J. GALLINA, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother J. D. HALL, Local Nb. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
Brother THOMAS HAMMOND, Local No. 245, Cambridge, Ohio.
Brother LEONHARDT HANFMANN, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother ODES C. C. KILPATRICK, Local No. 1565, Abilene, Tex.
Brother WALTER KLEE, Local No. 500, Butler, Pa.
Brother I. F. LAWS, Local No. 1517, Johnson City, Tenn.
Brother MICHAEL MAISEL, Local No. 1782, Newark, N. J.
Brother ELMER MARTIN, Local No. 186, Steubenville, Ohio.
Brother LUCYON MONKOWSKI, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother ENGEBRET MYSEN, Local No. 100, Muskegon, Mich.
Brother CHARLES OCHS, Local No. 325, Paterson, N. J.
Brother FRANCIS O'NEIL, Local No. 747, Oswego, N. Y.
Brother S. E. PIGG, Local No. 764, Shreveport, La.
Brother F. E. PITTARD, Local No. 345, Memphis, Tenn.
Brother J. L. RANDALL, Local No. 245 .Cambridge, Ohio.
Brother MILTON SIEGLING, Local No. 740, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother LOUIS SLUKAN, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
CorrQspondQncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
SALEM, MASS., LOCAL HONORS VETS
Local 1210, Salem, Mass., held a testimonial banquet and dance for their vet-
eran members, also their sons and daughters of World War Two, at Saltonstall
school hall recently. There was a large attendance, including many friends of
the local union and the veterans.
Among the speakers was .Mayor Edward A. Coffey, who welcomed the veterans
and expressed appreciation for their services to the country.
James H. Golden president of the Massachusetts State Council of Carpenters,
congratulated the veterans upon their part in the war. Patrick Cleary, local vet-
erans' agent, congratulated the boys and extended the services of his office to them
General Executive Board Member Arthur Martel of Canada gave a very inter-
esting talk on the history of labor, especially the carpenters, an organization of
800,000 men, under the banner of the Brotherhood of Carpenters all over America.
In closing the speaking program the Toastmaster, Amable L. St. Pierre, pre-
sented the retiring president, Louis E. Dumas, with a gold ring in appreciation
of his loyal service to the local union in the past 43 years. The toastmaster stated
that Mr. Dumas was a veteran of the labor movement and that his only goal was
to aid fellow members. After a few remarks by President Dumas, general dancing
and an entertainment was enjoyed by all. Present were delegations from L. U.
888, 1516 of Salem, 878 of Beverly, 924 of Manchester, 962 of Marblehead, 1144
of Danvers, 610 of Lowell, and the Association Laurier.
CONVENTION CALL
In accordance with the provisions of the Constitution notice is hereby
given that the Sixty-second Annual Convention of the Trades and Labor.
Congress of Canada will be held in the Royal Connaught Hotel, Hamilton,
Ontario, beginning at io a.m. (City Time) Wednesday, September 24,
1947, and will continue in session daily until the business of the Convention
has been completed.
1864
3031
1866
1878
3035
1882
Grand Rapids
Laurel, Miss.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y
Wellsville, N. Y.
Springfield, Ore.
NEW CHARTERS ISSUED
Minn. 1907 Anderson, S
1914
3037
3039
Campbell River, B. C, Can.
1916
Taber, Alta., Can.
Bossier City, La.
West Lome, Ont.,
Tishomingo, Okla.
Can.
BILLION DOLLAR COMPANIES SHOW GAIN
A recent survey reveals that there are now 45 companies with assets of more
than a billion dollars each, more than double the number in the boom year of
1929.
Banks and insurance companies top the list. Metropolitan Life, with assets of
more than $8 billions, is first, and Bell Telephone second, with more than $7
billion. Several railroads are in the select club.
REDWOOD AUXILIARY STARTS 25th YEAR OF SERVICE
The Editor:
Redwood Auxiliary No. 70 of San Bernardino, California, extends greetings
to all sister auxiliaries. It has been quite a number of years since we have written.
Our meetings are held at the Labor Temple the second and fourth Friday nights
of each month. The first meeting is for business and the second is more of a
social gathering. It may be a covered dish dinner, held early enough for the car-
penters to attend the Local Union meeting, or it may be a party with the refresh-
ments served after the men finish their business. After our business meeting we
draw a name for the Mystery Prize — the winner bringing the prize for the next
meeting. Our Penny March takes care of flowers and cards for sick members.
We donate to many worthy causes such as Red Cross, Cancer Fund, Community
Chest, etc. We recently donated a case of mlik for overseas. There is always a
party at Christmas for our families. At the Labor Day picnic we took an active
part in serving the dinner.
We celebrated our twenty-fifth anniversary at the November social meeting.
We had three charter member as guests of honor. During the year our hearts
have been saddened by the passing of two of our beloved members whose faces we
miss.
Fraternally yours,
Ethel A. Sultzer, Pres.
HERMISTON LADIES INSTALL
The Editor:
Ladies' Auxiliary 429 of Carpenters' Local 933, Hermiston, Oregon had its
installation of officers July 1st.
Former President Bertha Miller declined nomination for president due to the
fact that she has served for the last two years. The new officers who were installed
are as follows: President — Anna Jacques, Vice-President — Laura Miller, Recording
Secretary — Florence Russell, Financial Secretary — Anntoniett White, Conductress
— Rhoda Belles and Warden — Lottie Brown. Bertha Miller presented each of the
new officers with a lovely corsage.
After the installation the Ladies initiated four new members into the Auxiliary.
When the meeting was adjourned the ladies served cake, ice cream and coffee to
the Carpenters. Evelyn Ford played the piano and a nice time was enjoyed by
all who were present.
Florence Russell, Recording Secretary.
BEVERLY HILLS AUXILIARY LENDS HELPING HAND
The Editor:
We of Ladies' Auxiliary No. 400 of Beverly Hills, Cal., would like to report on
our successful card party held on June 27. Everyone had a very nice time with
five different card games and many tables of each game.
The profits of the card party went for a very worthy cause we feel. Two
brothers of Local No. 1052 were recipients of the profits. One has been very sick
for a long time and one met with a very bad accident.
This is not our only good deed as we still help another brother of Local No.
1052 who has been in the hospital for over three years by sending cheery greetings,
cigarettes and fruit juices quite often.
26 THE CARPENTER
We held election of officers at our last meeting with Sister Vera Logan elected
President and Sister Eva Schmeir, Vice President. Our new Secretary, I'm sure
will be glad to answer any inquiries she receives from other auxiliaries.
The new Secretary can be reached by addressing Mrs. Arline Abild, 9016
Melrose (Carpenters' Hall), Los Angeles, Calif.
Yours truly, Mrs. Evelyn De Clerck, Rec. Sec.
•
HOUSTON DRILL TEAM WINNING APPLAUSE
The Editor:
Ladies' Auxiliary No. 6, of Houston, Texas, attended the Forty-ninth Conven-
tion of the Texas State Federation of Labor in Dallas, Texas, on July 1st, 2nd and
3rd. Their drill team displayed their talent in a beautiful drill on the night of
the second in the beautiful Ball Room of the Baker Hotel.
They were feted at a banquet on Tuesday evening by the Convention and at
a breakfast given the following morning by their delegate Mrs. Joe Ferguson, at the
B&B Cafe. Mr. M. B. Menefee, one of the Carpenter's International Representatives,
gave the team a luncheon in the Century Room at the Adolphus Hotel, in memory
of his dear wife. All had a grand time and are preparing themselves to go to
Fort Worth, where the drill team has been invited to exhibit their drill next year.
The ladies of the drill team include: Miss Georgia Williams, Mesdames George
Marquette, the drill Captain, Jo Ferguson, the president, Paul Sparks and F. W.
Lucas, the drill leaders, John Parker, the incoming president of the Auxiliary;
Frank Booth, Sam Hendricks, Billie Stein, J. S. Henson, Walter Thomas, H. L.
Bryant, J. H. Burkhalter, J. M. Porter, Bert Porter, T. O. Porter, Robert Baldwin,
Carl Olsen, Cecil Sparks, Junius E. Jones, W. H. Wilson, H. M. Rogers, E. E.
McElroy, E. Thur, J. H. Thornton, Clyde Ballanger, E. Weigelt, A. B. Norris, and
J. M. Yakey.
Sincerely submitted, Mrs. Junius E. Jones, Reporter.
PORT COLLINS LADIES AID MANY CAUSES
The Editor:
We of Ladies' Auxiliary No. 40 4 of Fort Collins, Colorado, would like to tell
you some of the work we have done in the past year. At the present time we have
41 members.
During a great deal of our afternoon social meetings which were held once a
month we worked on cancer bandages.
We sent a ton of coal to a family with 5 children as the father was ill with
polio.
We donated to the cancer fund.
We have all had a lot of fun working together on our different activities.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Eloise Mills, Recording Secretary.
BAY CITY LADIES HONOR NEW OFFICERS
Ladies' Auxiliary No. 468, Bay City, Mich., on the night of July 9, installed
Mrs. Marjorie Page as president to succeed Mrs. Dorothy Binkley. Other officers
include: Mrs. Lucille Binkley, first vice-president; Mrs. Earl Brown, second vice-
president; Mrs. Sophie Matuzewski, recording secretary; Mrs. Nellie Grover, finan-
cial secretary and treasurer; Mrs. Bertha Schultz, conductress; and Mrs. Grace
Lange, warden.
Trustees are Mrs. Emma Fishborn, Mrs. Thelma Horner, and Mrs. Dorothy
Shaw. Mrs. Agnes Ruhlig is publicity chairman; Mrs. Binkley, hospitality; and
Mrs. Schultz, entertainment.
Corsages, arranged by Mrs. Sophie Matuzewski, marked places for retiring and
incoming presidents and a gift was given the retiring president by Mrs. Fishborn.
Afterwards games for prizes got under way to round out the evening.
Our Auxiliary meets the second Wednesday of each month. Our next meeting
will be held on August 13, 1947.
Mrs. Agnes Ruhlig, Publicity Chairman.
Craft ProblQms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 227
By H. H. Siegele
The old measuring pole is rarely, if
ever, used now on the job as it was
before the advent of the steel tape. One
of the first things that was done in
starting a job in those days was to make
two or three measuring poles, a 10-foot
pole, a 16-foot pole and some old timers
also wanted a 12-foot pole. All of the
long measurements were made with
these poles. Just before the steel tape
came into general use, the cloth tape
line was frequently seen on jobs, but it
was not fully satisfactory. While such
tape lines were new and stiff they gave
rather accurate results, but after they
were used for some little time, especial-
ly if they happened to get wet, they
soon became more of a nuisance than a
help.
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 shows two views of a case for
a steel tape, with the end of the tape
pulled out a few inches. The end of
the ring, or rather loop, is the starting
point for measuring with a steel tape.
This should be kept in mind when a nail
is stuck onto which the ring is to be
hooked — the nail must be offset enough
to bring the end of the ring exactly to
the starting point.
This writer once worked on a job
where the carpenter foreman had a steel
tape with the starting point at the end
of the tape rather than at the end of
the ring. The carpenters on the job
were informed, but the bricklayers were
not. Then the brick foreman borrowed
this off-standard steel tape to lay out
some of his work. He did not ask for
it, he just borrowed it and so was not
informed. He started to lay out his
work — then something seemed to be
wrong, and he measured it all over
again. By that time he was all set to
give the carpenter foreman a real
"bawling out" — and that was the way
-loop z ft
Fig. 2
he found out that the measuring with
that steel tape started at the end of the
tape, and not at the end of the ring.
The next day the carpenter foreman
had the tape changed so that the end
of the ring was the starting point.
A steel tape that is properly cared
for will give good service for a long
time. The first few feet, and especially
Fig. 3
the first foot of the tape is where most
of the tape trouble begins. This can
be warded off for some time, by mak-
28
THE CARPENTER
ing short measurements with the zig-
zag rule. But even when this is done,
the first few feet of the steel tape will
develop trouble. Here, because of the
usage, the tape usually breaks first. A
frequent cause, however, of breaking a
steel tape is trying to straighten out a
loop in the tape by pulling it.
Fig. 2 shows how the steel tape is
used in squaring by using the 6, 8 and
i
I
ad'
J
'
f
i
*-/
0' »»
« "*n'
A
1
r
Fig. 4
10 method of squaring. At number 1
the end of the tape is hooked on a nail
that has been stuck at the established
corner of the building. At number 2,
the two feet of the tape between 8 feet
and 10 feet, is formed into a loop, and
the tape is clamped together in such
a manner that the 8-foot and the 10-
foot points will intersect. Then 10 feet
more of the tape is unrolled, which
H, K. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
BUILDING TRADES D ICTION ARY.— Has 380 p.
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
QUICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
(The above books support one another.)
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il. covering form
building, scaffolding, finishing, stair building, roof
framing, and other subjects. $2.50.
CARPENTRY.— Has 302 p., 754 il., covering general
house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry. 64 pages, brown
cloth binding and two-color title page. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS.— The prose companion of
Twights of Thought. Illustrated. Cloth. Only $1.00.
Postage paid when money accompanies order.
Order rj U CICPCI C" 222 So. Const. St.
today. n' "■ alttatLt Emporia, Kansas
FREE — As long as they last, with 2 books. Pushing
Buttons free; with 3 books. Twigs of Thought and
Pushing Buttons free with 4 books, 3 $1.00 books free
— books autographed.
brings us to number 3. Here again a
loop of 2 feet is formed, as shown. From
number 3 the tape is run to the estab-
lished corner, number 1. If the 8-foot
or the 6-foot side of the triangle is kept
■ £
■
A
1 £■
i
I
/ !
i ;
i
i i
** " "5
s~
\ I
\
^
\>3^
s"
\L^
r ii
C
-
D
mF
Fig. 5
on the building line while all the sides
are stretched tight, you will have a
square corner at number 1.
Fig. 3 shows how the principle of
the 6, 8 and 10 squaring method can
be used with a small triangle as well
as with a large triangle. At the center
of this figure, 3, 4 and 5 are used to
make the right angle, which figures
were obtained by dividing 6, 8 and 10
by 2. The large triangle shown, is made
Fig. 6
by multiplying 6, 8 and 10 by 2, which
gives us 12, 16 and 20. The loops at
the two angles, show how the tape is
held, either with a clamp or with the
THE CARPENTER
29
fingers. Clamping the tape together
where the loops are at the corners, in-
sures accuracy. But on the other hand,
when there are three persons, each one
holding a corner, if they are careful,
good results can be obtained by holding
the tape with the hands.
Fig. 4 shows a floor plan of a house,
the main part of which is 32 feet by
40 feet. A simple way to square this
building, when it is staked out is shown
by Fig. 5. Stretch line A-B on the build-
ing line, making it cross the established
corner of the building, as shown at 2.
Then set line C-D parallel to and 32 feet
from line A-B. Now, at a convenient
I* <
** — t— >mmtm
. Fig. 7
point, exactly halfway between these
lines, drive a stake, as at 1, and stick a
nail in the top of the stake in such a
way that it will be exactly half between
the two lines. Hook the tape on this
nail and get the distance from 1 to the
established corner, number 2. Then
carry this distance to number 3. Now
stretch a line from E to F, crossing
points 2 and 3, and you will have two
of the corners squared. To finish the
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserye the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be. in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All Contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Page
Carlson Rules 31
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Minn. 32
Greenlee Tool Co., Rockford, 111. 1
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, III 3rd Cover
A. D. McBurney, Los Angeles,
Cal. 31
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Phila-
delphia, Pa. 30
Ohlen-Bishop, Columbus, O 1
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore 31
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
Conn. 3rd Cove
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 30
Carpentry Materials
Johns-Manville Corp., New York,
N. Y. 32
Doors
Overhead Door Corp., Hartford
City, Ind. 4th Cover
Technical Courses and Books
American Technical Society, Chi-
cago, 111. 31
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, 111. 32
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 29
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans 28
Mason Engineering Service,
Kalamazoo, Mich. 30
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo_ 1
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y. 3rd Cover
Wahlstrom, San Carlos, Cal 31
d I t k L W
E
HAND
BOOK
This new and revised edition of Carpenters and Builders' Practical Rules for Laying
Out Work consists of short and practical rules for laying out octagons, ellipses, roofs.
groined ceilings, hoppers, spirals, stairs and arches with tables- of board measure,
length of common, hip, valley and jack rafters, square measure, cube measure, measure
of length, etc. — also, rules for kerfing, drafting gable molding, getting the axis of a
segment, laying off gambrel roof and explaining the steel square.
"For ready reference carry
this convenient 50 page Postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
pocket size (44x63) guide
to your job."
SEND $1.00 TODAY
D. A. ROGERS
Minneapolis 9, Minn.
Enclosed $1.00. Forward by return mail your Carpenters &
Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
Name Addr«»$.
squaring of the main part of the build-
ing, set line G-H, Pig. 6, parallel to
and 40 feet from line E-F. This done,
set line I-J parallel to and 10 feet from
line E-F, and K-L. parallel to and 20
feet from I-J. Finish the staking out
by setting line M-N parallel to and 14.
feet from line C-D. This is not only a
simple way of squaring for staking out,
but it is accurate.
ft
lejr
rirrxjTinro *> i fu*i 21 u
izjt
D
10,
M
1k
ll |t(/ll to
|3
1?
\7
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b
W b
lz |»
Fig. 8
Another use of the steel tape is shown
by Fig. 7. Here a plumb bob is fastened
to the end of the tape, as shown to the
Tight, which is let down from the top
of a structure until it touches the bot-
tom, and you have the exact distance
from the top to the ground. The dis-
tance between the point of the plumb
bob and the end of the tape should be
measured with a rule, which in this case
is 5 inches. This is added to the read-
ing of the tape when the measuring is
done.
Fig. 8 shows at A, a 16-foot pole and
at B, part of the figures on one side
of such a pole, counting from left to
right. At C we have a 12-foot pole,
and at D, a 10-foot pole. At E we show
part of the figures on the other side
of the pole, counting from right to left.
Now read the first paragraph of this
lesson again.
Drill pilot holes
with one hand and a
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CARPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
SEPTEMBER, 1947
TO THE SWEAT OF HIS FOREHEAD, THE SKILL OF HIS HANDS
THE NATION ON LABOR DAY IN MUTE TRD3UTE STANDS.
*
IE CRUSADE
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O] What carpenters say:
-J Used the Upson Fasteners to Jnsur^the ^t
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sightly nail marks and otner su
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THE UPSON COMPANY • Lockport. New York
■ ■ \
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXVII— No. 9
INDIANAPOLIS, SEPTEMBER, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents —
The Fight For Human Dignity
Against the forces of oppression, exploitation, and greed the International Labor
Organization is waging a relentless war all over the world. Second General
Vice President John R. Stevenson attended this year's ILO sessions as a labor
advisor. The program adopted at this year's sessions may take five years to
implement, but in the end it will add to human welfare and human progress.
This is an account of the ILO meeting written by the late Bob Watt just before
his untimely death.
Humanity's Holiday
11
Labor day is one holiday in the year that reveres no man, living or dead; it is
a holiday that commemorates no great conflict or conquest of one nation by
another; it is a holiday that was created by, of, and for working people and not
politicians. In fact, it is the only other holiday besides Christmas that is founded
on and dedicated to an ideal.
Oregon Councils Hold Joint Installation -
19
In a precedent-shattering display of solidarity, three Oregon District Councils
hold joint installation ceremonies ; hereby serving notice on the world that
organized labor will never surrender in the struggle for freedom, justice, and
equal opportunity for all.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Plane Gossip
Editorials -
Official -
In Memoriam
Correspondence
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
Index to Advertisers
• • •
14
16
20
21
22
25
26
30
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
Send for Your
FREE Copy
The Disston Saw, Tool and File Manual
tells how to choose, use and care for tools.
Ask your Hardware Retailer, cr mail a postal
card to us direct.
STAYS
SHARP LONGER
. . LASTS LONGER
TOO
More Disston handsaws are owned by carpenters than
all other makes of saws combined. When thousands
of carpenters were asked what saws they owned, 92 out
of a hundred named Disston. Why such outstanding
preference? They gave many reasons which may be
summed up in better performance, better workmanship,
greater ease, and less frequent filing and setting.
-Disston saws are made of the famous Disston saw
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Rip: 5Vi points.
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Eel n -siding
One of the Famous
The Fight For Human Dignity
Editor's Note : Just before his untimely death aboard the steamer that was bringing him
home from the recent J.L.O. conference at Geneva, Switzerland, Bob Watt, permanent AFL repre-
sentative to that body, prepared the following report of tliis year's meeting. Present at the I.L.O.
conference as a labor advisor was Second General Vice .President John R. Stevenson. The I.L.O.
International Labor Organization is a permanent world-wide body to which is delegated the
task of studying world-wide working conditions and living standards with the end in view of
elevating both through international cooperation. It is the only world-wide association in which
labor is permanently represented as such. The following account by the late Brother Watt sum-
marizes the accomplishments of this year's I.L.O. meeting.
By BOB WATT
American Workers Delegate to I.L.O.
THE International Labor Organization is the only official interna-
tional agency which includes in its policy-making body repre-
sentatives of workers and employers on a par with those of
governments, the only world institution created after World War I which
is functioning and the only one dedicated to promote social justice as an
essential to the maintenance of peace.
On June 19 the thirtieth session of the I.L.O.'s legislative body, the
International Labor Conference, convened at Geneva, Switzerland. It
opened on the theme of personal liberty, and its final meeting closed on
the same note. In the often stormy debates which intervened could be
seen the struggle between those
who love liberty and "those who
scorn it, between those who pa-
tiently seek progress in the interest
of the common man and those who
agitate for the attainment of totali-
tarianism through deceit and distor-
tion.
The keynote of the Conference
was established in the opening ad-
dress of Sir Guidhaume Myrddin-
Evans, chairman of the Governing
Body of the I.L.O. He emphasized
that, "of all things in this world,"
the liberty of the person is the most
precious and, for just that reason,
one of the most difficult of all
things to achieve and to hold.
Many speakers echoed Myrddin-
Evans' words. The theme was reit-
ated in the speeches of the president
of the Conference, Carl Hambro, as
well as in the speeches by labor, em-
ployer and government spokesmen.
Having myself been selected by
the workers' group as the workers'
vice-president of the Conference, I
had the opportunity to call atten-
tion in the closing minutes to the
fact that :
"The I.L.O. has no meaning and
will have no meaning unless it
preaches and practices democratic
liberty. Democratic liberty to me
means freedom under law — under a
law which is consistent with the
fundamental rights and responsi-
bilities of free men."
But I also expressed my hope
that every delegate had learned
through the Conference, if that
were possible, to have an even
greater respect for the process of
democratic discussion and respon-
sible determination. To be quite
frank, some of those present have
not recently been accustomed to
6
THE CARPENTER
genuine democracy but have become were as unfounded as they were
insulting to delegates from other
countries. Some of us undertook to
very well \-ersed in the use of the
word as a smokescreen for those
who would demolish democracy.
Among delegates and advisers,
there were the Communists, some
avowed and some hidden : there
were fellow travelers and pinks;
there were naive and misguided
ones, too. Under the I.L.O.'s con-
stitution, each member government
is required to choose employer and
worker delegates in agreement with
the industrial or-
ganizat i on s. if
such exist, which
are most repre-
sentative. Since
the membership
of the I.L.O. in-
cludes f i f ty-t wo
countries, several
of which are un-
der Soviet domi-
nation, and since
the central organ-
izations of work-
ers even in some
other countries
are Communist-
controlled, it is
obvious that cer-
tain delegations
included a sub-
stantial number of individuals who,
either from choice or compulsion,
follow the party line.
The Communists and their fol-
lowers displayed servile enthusiasm
for the words and actions of the
Argentine delegation, which was
led by persons eager to shout the
praises of Peron and to boast of
the new "workers' democracy." The
Nazis once followed similar meth-
ods, made similar claims and asked
similar praise.
The workers' delegate from Ar-
Second General Vice President John R.
Stevenson (right) and Under Secretary
of Labor David A. Morse confer at Geneva
during the 30th I.L.O. session.
correct the record amid efforts by
the opposition to shout us down.
Believe it or not, the Argentine
group had the boisterous applause
of the Communist group and even
of certain individual Australians
who profess merely to be left-wing
Labor Party members.
The episode was unpleasant and
seemed alarming evidence of the
affinity of totali-
tarian of all
sorts. However,
there was one en-
couraging after-
math. Before my
departure I was
gratified to have a
visit from a num-
ber of the Argen-
tinians who said
there had been
serious misunder-
standings which
they sincerely re-
gretted.
It is easy for
some of us at
home to underes-
timate the impor-
tance of the I.L.O.
That would be a disastrous mistake.
In the lineup of today between de-
mocracy and dictatorship, the I.L.O.
plays a role of vital importance.
The International Labor Organ-
ization provides one of the rare in-
ternational forums where ideas can
be exchanged by men and women
outside of the diplomatic service.
It brings together practical, experi-
enced people, even though some
governments, including our own,
mav at times choose some who ap-
gentina made certain allegations in pear extremely unsuitable for such
his speech to the Coneference which assignments.
THE CARPENTER
It is because the I.L.O. is so im-
portant to the development of a
sound and durable peace and to the
building- of a healthy international
Order that I was concerned over in-
dications that insidious influences
were at work in some delegations
and even among some members of
the staff. It was for this reason that
I warned the Conference that the
I.L.O. would fail miserably if it
ever allowed itself to become a pup-
pet of individual ambitions or "the
marionette of ideological manipu-
lation, of any color or stripe."
In admitting the real concern
which I felt at the indications of
manipulation by a few key individ-
uals who are out of place today on
the staff of the I.L.O., I am glad to
report that I have some reason for
confidence that the situation will
largely be corrected before the next
session convenes.
On such issues it is good to be
able to declare that the employer
member of the Governing Body
from the United States, David Zell-
erbach, is ioo per cent in agreement
with me. Zellerbach, who shares my
belief in the urgent need for the
maximum effectiveness of the I.L.O.
at this time, likewise believes that
strong steps should and can be
taken to make the I.L.O. a truly
international institution of first-
rank importance, free from any bias
against political or economic de-
mocracy, private or competitive
capitalism.
#
We do not ask that anything be
slanted in our favor. We believe
that the United States system can
cheerfully invite the closest scru-
tiny by any competent, unbiased ob-
server. Incidentally, Zellerbach's
address was one of the highlights of
the Conference. He quoted exten-
sively from A. F. of L. publications
to contrast the free American sys-
tem with the Russian setup.
Daivd A. Morse, Assistant Secre-
tary of Labor, was one of the two
United States government delegates.
He distinguished himself as chair-
man of the highly controversial
Committee on Freedom of Associa-
tion.
Senator Elbert D. Thomas of
Utah was the other American gov-
ernment delegate, with Congress-
man Augustine B. Kelley of Penn-
sylvania as adviser and substitute
delegate. Both had attended previ-
ous sessions. They are keenly in-
terested in promoting improved so-
cial standards through international
cooperation.
The men who accompanied me
as advisers were of high caliber and
I was highly pleased by .the fine
teamwork which was manifested.
Harry Fraser, president of the
Order of Railway Conductors,
served as my substitute on the Com-
mittee on Social Policy in Non-
Metropolitan Territories. It was a
heavy assignment, as evidenced by
the fact that this one committee pro-
duced five conventions, all of which
received more than the necessary
two-thirds vote of the Conference
and three of which won unanimous
approval.
John T. Kmetz, Executive Board
member of the United Mine Work-
ers, represented American labor on
the Standing Orders Committee,
which this year had a number of
important and technical proposals .
before it as a result of Governing
Body action. He was elected work-
ers' vice-chairman of the committee
and helped materially to expedite
the committee's work. The report
which this committee brought in
was unanimously adopted.
3
THE CARPENTER
Peter T. Schoemann. vice-presi-
dent of the United Association
of Journeymen and Apprentices of
the Plumbing and Pipefitting In-
dustry, handled the Committee on
Employment Service Organization.
This committee was meeting for the
first time. Its deliberations, there-
fore, were exploratory and intended
only to lay the basis upon which
next year a convention and a recom-
mendation on the organization of
employment services may be draft-
ed and submitted for adoption.
Paul L. Siemiller of the Interna-
tional Association of Machinists
chose the Labor Inspection Com-
mittee assignment and was elected
workers' vice-chairman. This group
produced a convention concerning
labor inspection in industry and
commerce which was unanimously
adopted.
J.'R. Stevenson, vice-president of
the United Brotherhood of Carpen-
ters and Joiners, served on the Res-
olutions Committee. This proved to
be a lively assignment. A resolu-
tion introduced without previous
consultation by the United States
government in connection with wo-
men's work was well - intentioned
but needed some extensive altera-
tions before it could be adopted. An
even more important issue was in-
volved in the resolution introduced
by the veteran Leon Jouhaux of
France hailing the crucial Paris
meeting of the foreign ministers of
Great Britain, France and Russia
to lay European reconstruction
plans, as suggested by Secretary
of State Marshall, and reiterating
I.L.O. readiness to offer all assist-
ance within its scope.
It was a damatic move, intended
to demonstrate world support at the
very outset of the Paris sessions.
Needless to say, Communists pres-
ent fell over themselves in support.
Only Argentina raised difficulties,
and those were in the nature of an
attempt to record a desire for a
worldwide conference. But the res-
olution, after healthy debate, was
unanimously approved by the com-
mittee and adopted by the Confer-
ence. (P.S. — The unanimity was ex-
pressed before the U.S.S.R. decided
to walk out of the Paris meeting.)
A really tempestuous assignment
fell to John H. Sylvester, vice-pres-
ident of the Brotherhood of Rail-
way and Steamship Clerks. He
was the American workers' repre-
sentative on the Committee on Free-
dom of Association and did an
effective job. That was demonstrat-
ed by the criticisms which were
hurled against him by the Com-
munists, who marshalled nearly all
their forces for this committee.
Those who know John Sylvester
will realize that he stood his
ground without concern. In the dis-
cussion it was easy to see where
loyalties lay. and one could even
evaluate the character of the W.F.-
T.U. by noting what individuals
salaamed to it in their speeches.
The apologists for the WF.T.U.
studiously ignored the fact that the
American Federation of Labor long
ago filed with the Economic and
Social Council of the United Na-
tions a Declaration of Human
Rights which ranks as one of the
finest descriptions of a code for
individual liberty. They likewise
ignored the fact that the* A. F. of
L. has filed a later memorandum on
freedom of association which, in
comparison with the frothy ideology
of the W.F.T.U. resolution, stands
with redoubled impressiveness.
The committee completed a reso-
lution concerning freedom of asso-
ciation and protection of the right
THE CARPENTER
to organize and bargain collectively
which was adopted without dissent
by the Conference. The committee
recommended that the Conference
in 1948 should consider the question
with a view to the adoption of one
or several conventions at that ses-
sion and should also begin discus-
sions on the application of the prin-
ciples of the right to organize and
bargain collectively and of collec-
tive agreements, conciliation and
arbitration. These proposals were
accepted by a vote of 124 to o.
Bernard Wiesman, a close friend
and associate for nearly twenty
years, attended the sessions as State
Department adviser on the many
important political, economic and
financial problems which todav af-
fect United States participation in
the I.L.O.
Physical arrangements were also
in the hands of a State Department
officer, Bruce Grainger, and were
more competently handled than on
any previous occasion in the dozen
years of my participation in the.
I.L.O. I have special reason to be
grateful for the aid of other officers
of the State Department on this
journey, especially those at Geneva,
Milan, Rome and Naples.
The readmission of Austria was
approved by unanimous vote in one
of the Conference's major actions.
Austria, once a foremost center of
vigorous and democratic trade un-
ionism, is now, two years after lib-
eration from Nazi domination, still
being bled by the Russian army of
occupation while the other allies
seek to establish a peace treaty and
restore political as well as economic
liberty and livelihood.
Yugoslavia, never a country with
a significant trade union movement
and currently the most sovietized
of the satellite states, has signified
its intention of withdrawing from
the I.L.O. and accordingly filed the
necessary two years' notice of with-
drawal. The step is regretted by
those who, believing the I. L. O.
should be universal,, have hoped that
the exposure of representatives of
any totalitarian state to the pro-
cesses of democracy might possibly
produce eventual benefits.
The Yugoslav move may have
been for bargaining purposes un-
less it was simply a demonstration
by Tito of his complete commun-
ism. The reason for the first sup-
position is that the World Federa-
tion o'f Trade Unions, after the
Communist bloc had for two years
steadily refused to permit it to rec-
ognize the existence of the I.L.O.,
suddenly decided last June to in-
form the I.L.O. of its readiness to
discuss terms of relationship.
A telegram came before the Gov-
erning Body, but the proposed
"terms" purportedly had not been
^disclosed before the Governing
Body's session adjourned. Antici-
pating a series of frills, I spoke on
the subject briefly. I congratulated
Jouhaux, Lombardo Toledano of
Mexico and Chu Hsueh-fan of
China, all members of the W.F.T.U.
executive body as well as of the
Governing Body of the I.L.O., for
having succeded in convincing their
W.F.T.U. colleagues at long last
that the I.L.O. is not a wicked cap-
italistic monster seeking to domin-
ate the world.
Many of those who have tried for
three or four. years to waylay and
sandbag the I.L.O. because they be-
lieved it might be an obstacle to the
W.F.T.U. are now perhaps aware
that the W.F.T.U. needs props very
urgently. Somewhat belatedly they
turn toward the I.L.O.. But I trust
that the United States will reso-
10
THE CARPENTER
luetely refuse to allow the I.T.O. in
any way to 'be used to sustain a con-
sistently anti-American and anti-
democratic W.F.T.U.
Americans must realize that a
world-wide campaign of propa-
ganda, agitation, infiltration, incite-
ment and sabotage is well under
way against democracy. The same
vicious attacks against the United
States or against Truman, Marshall
and Vandenberg are made against
Bevin, Bidault and de Gasperi. In
some countries the form is more
direct. .
What has occurred in Europe and
Asia in the past three years con-
firms that little if any distinction
can be found between Hitlerism and
Stalinism. We must remember the
hideous price paid in the end for
the early appeasement of Hitler.
We must see to it that the decent
people everywhere stand together
and convince Russia that its im-
perialistic nationalism and imperi-
alistic communism must be aban-
doned.
fhe American people must take
steps to tell the world the facts
about our country. I was horrified
at the extent to which real friends
of the United States in other coun-
tries have been confused by the
flood of deceitful anti-American
propaganda.
I was disgusted at the alleged
"broadmindedness" of many indi-
vidual Americans who go abroad
for some agency of our government
or who secure very remunerative
employment from inter-govern-
mental agencies. Soviet efforts to
strangle Austria and Communist sa-
botage in France, Italy, China and
other countries- don't worry these
individuals. They don't quote
Henry Wallace or Zilliacus, but
they parrot their arguments.
I trust that Secretary Marshall
and the heads of other government
agencies will take steps to screen out
those whose loyalty to their country
and to the institution of democracy
is lukewarm or lacking, so that they
will not be fattened at the expense
of the taxpayers they barely tol-
erate. As for employes of internar
tional agencies, I fully agree jthat
international-mindedness is neces-
sary, but I doubt that anyone who is
not first of all completely loyal to
democracy can be a faithful em-
ploye of an international agency. ,
Our nation must acquire a .com-
plete, adequate, well-financed and
shrewdly directed Foreign Service
staffed by Americans who will truly
defend and promote democracy. We
need men and women of intelli-
gence, loyalty, vision and practieal-
lity. We need a "Voice of America"
so powerful, so skillful, and so
multi-channeled that it cannot be
thwarted by the members of the
most extensive and nefarious im^
perialism which has perhaps ever
existed — Russian communism.
In the meantime, let us help the
I.L.O. to serve the cause of liberty
by keeping it a clean, driving force
for social and economic democracy
among all nations which respect the
integrity of the human individual,.
DEATH CALLS FIREMEN'S PRESIDENT
President John F. McNamara of the International Brotherhood of Firemen
and Oilers died suddenly July 23 while on vacation at Hampton Beach, New
Hampshire. Brother McNamara had given twenty years of distinguished leader-
ship to his organization. He was sixty-five.
Brother McNamara joined the Firemen and Oilers when he was still in his
twenties.. At. the,19 27 convention of the international union he was elected pres-
ident. He won re-election at every convention that followed.
ii
Humanity's Holiday
•
LABOR DAY rightfully belongs to American Workers who toil dili-
gently day after day to contribute their share to the greatness of
this Nation.
Long before Labor Day became a legal public holiday it was celebrated
by workers as a day of festive activity and rest from their daily tasks. It
was the creation of laborers, not of politicians. It was the brain-child of a
union carpenter twelve years before Labor Day was proclaimed a national
holiday by Act of Congress.
Peter J. McGuire, a native of New York City who joined the ranks of
America's toilers while still a child, was the father of the observance in
honor of the country's working people.
In May, 1882, he stood before the
newly organized Central Labor Un-
ion of New York City and proposed
that one day of the year be set aside
as a general holiday for the working
masses.
McGuire suggested that the holi-
day be known as Labor Day and
that it be set for the first Monday
in September, which would put it
midway between two national -holi-
days— the Fourth of July and
Thanksgiving.
Other delegates to the meeting
enthusiastically embraced the idea.
A committee was named and soon
preparations were under way for
the initial celebration of Labor Day.
Approximately two years after this
first Labor Day, the 26 delegates
to the fourth annual convention of
the American Federation of Labor
held in Chicago adopted the follow-
ing resolution:
"Resolved, That the first Monday
in September of each year be set
apart as a laborer's national holi-
day, and that we recommend its
observance by all wage workers,
irrespective of sex, calling or na-
tionality."
During the next few years or-
ganized labor devoted its attention
to securing state legislation making
Labor Day a legal holiday. As
early as 1887, Oregon enacted the
first State law, but this measure des-
ignated the first Saturday in June
as Labor Day. This was changed to
the first Monday in September in
1893. Ultimately, 23 States pro-
claimed Labor Day a legal holiday.
The Labor Committee of the
House of Representatives in May of
1894 presented a favorable report
on a bill making Labor Day a legal
public holiday.
By June 26, of that year Congres-
sional action on the bill had been
completed and two days later the
measure was signed by President
Grover Cleveland. The pen used by
the President was turned over to
Representative Amos J. Cummings
of New York City, who sponsored
the bill in the House. Cummings
then sent the pen to President Sam-
uel Gompers of the American Fed-
eration.
Thus, a dozen years after Mc-
Guire first advanced the idea of a
12
THE CARPENTER
special holiday honoring- labor be-
fore the Central Labor Union of
New York City, the proposal had
the approval of the American peo-
ple, expressed through their repre-
sentatives at Washington.
Over the years since 1882 much
has been said concerning, the sig-
nificance of Labor Day. One of
the best statements was made by
Samuel Gompers, president of the
American Federation of Labor, in
an editorial written 46 years ago
for the American Federationist.
While the reference to the Nine-
teenth Century is remote, Gompers'
remarks are timeless in point. He
wrote :
"No day in the calendar is a great-
er fixture, one which is more truly
regarded as a real holiday, or one
which is so surely destined to en-
dure for all time, than the first Mon-
day in September of each recurring
year, Labor Day.
"Labor Day differs in every es-
sential from the other holidays of
the year of any country. All other
holidays are, in a more or less de-
gree, connected with conflicts and
battles, of man's prowess over man,
of strife and discord for greed or
power, of glories achieved by one
nation over another.
"Labor Day, on the other hand,
marks a new epoch in the annals of
human history. It is at once a mani-
festation of reverence for the strug-
gles of the masses against tyranny
and injustice from time immemo-
rial ; an impetus to battle for the
right in our day for the men, wo-
men, and children of our time and
gives hope and encouragement for
the attainment of tne aspirations for
the future of the human family.
"It is devoted to no man, living or
dead ; to no sect, sex, race, or nation.
It. is founded upon the highest
principles of humanity, as broad
in its scope as the universe.
"It was not given to but conquer-
ed by labor, and established as a.
holiday before. any legislature, state
or national, enacted into law.
"The marching toilers in the La-,
bor Day demonstrations signalize
no martial glory, brutal domination,
conquests or warlike pomp. They
are, in their essence, the manifesta-
tions of the growing intelligence
of the workers who recognize that
peace is as essential to successful
industry and real progress as air is
to lung-breathing animals ; that jus-
tice to the toilers has too long been
denied; that in the midst of the
civilization at the close of the Nine-
teenth Century, wrongs, too gross,
widespread and well known to re-
quire mention here still abound;
that if man is to be free in the time'
to come, eternal vigilance must be
exercised, organization of the
workers proclaimed, maintained and
extended; education of the educat-
ed as well as the masses be furth-
ered and nurtured, and agitation of.
labor's wrongs endured and rights
denied undertaken, with all the zest
and energy begotten by devotion to
a cause which is at once holy, noble,
pure, lofty, just, wise and humane."
Newspaper accounts have pre-,
served for us the color attendant
upon the celebration of the first La-
bor Day in New York City when
American labor, led by Peter J.
McGuire, paraded in orderly fash-
ion -through the streets of New
York.
Of the picnic in Elm Park follow-
ing the parade, one newspaper said:
"It had been arranged that each
union would have a certain portion
of the grounds marked out for it-
self, and this facilitated a greater
fraternizing than otherwise could
have been observed.
THE CARPENTER 13
"As it was, fellow-workers and the best-received speakers, of
their families sat together, joked course was McGuire himself,
together and caroused together. . . . Whh eVening came a still larger
Americans and English, Irish and crowd for only a fraction of the
Germans, they all hobnobbed and dtys employers had decreed a holi-
seemed on a friendly footing, as day> and the Central Labor Union
though the common cause had estab- had advised all whose employers
hshed a sense of closer brother- desired them to work to do so.
nooa- Fireworks and dancing both had im-
From mid-afternoon to nightfall portant parts in the after dark por-
there was speechmaking. One of tion of the festival.
Bob Watt Answers Last Call
Robert J. Watt, international representative of the American Federa-
tion of Labor, died suddenly aboard ship on the high seas July 22nd. He
was on his way back to the United States after participating in the recent
International Labor Conference at Geneva, Switzerland, which he had
attended as the American workers' delegate.
The cause of death was heart disease. Mr. Watt had suffered a heart
attack some months ago, but after weeks of rest he had appeared com-
pletely-recovered and had resumed his duties. He was 53 years old.
Apprenticed as a painter in Scotland, Mr. Watt migrated to America
soon after becoming a journeyman. He settled in the vicinity of Boston.
Within a short time he became a leading figure in organized labor in that
area. From president of his own local, Mr. Watt soon progressed to the
presidency of the Lawrence Central Labor Union. From 1929 to 1937 he
served as secretary-treasurer of the Massachusetts State Federation.
Nominated at the AFL as the American workers delegate to the Inter-
national Labor Organization in 1936, he showed such a grasp of interna-
tional affairs that he was sooned named the permanent delegate. Since
that time he has filled the post in an admirable manner. Labor through-
out the world mourns his passing.
Surviving Mr. Watt are his widow and two children.
LIVING STANDARDS ON WAY DOWN
Earnings of factory workers hit a new high in June of $48.91 a week, but in
terms of "real wages" the workers are worse off than a year ago and in much poor-
er position than during the war, Department of Labor reports showed.
During the past 12 months, weekly earnings in manufacturing rose by less
"than 13 per cent, while the official living cost index shot up 18 per cent.
The gap is even greater compared to the peak wartime year af 1944. Weekly
earnings then averaged $46.08 a week. "Take-home" pay now is only about 6
per cent higher than the 1944 average, while living costs are 25 per cent greater.
Thus, in terms of buying power, the earning of factory workers are 19 per cent
below wartime levels.
Furthermore, the June "take-home" wage of industrial workers will buy only
as much as $30 did back in 1939, the Department said.
is ip
IT MUST HAVE BEEN A SAVELL,
JOKE
Two hours after reading a joke a
young Oakland usherette was still
laughing. A half an hour later she was
hysterical, and still later she was un-
conscious. Revived by a police emer-
gency squad an hour later she was still
laughing in an emergency hospital bed.
Finally she responded to treatment.
Since she couldn't remember the joke,
doctors were baffled as to the cause of
her outburst. •
About the only sure thing is that she
wasn't reading this column.
• • •
VOICE OF EXPERIENCE
According to a recent announcement
by a church organization, between ten
and twelve billion dollars are lost an-
nually by Americans who patronize var-
ious kinds of gambling ventures. And
this sort of reminds us of the favorite
saying of an old horse player we know.
"It is a well-known fact," he says,
"that race horses are not allowed to eat
the day before a race. With bettors it
is usually the day after the race."
We signaled! Because I had both
hands on the wheel, she signaled for me.
A DIFFERENT HORSE
The daily papers are trying to point
the finger of shame at organized labor
because the unions have shown a deter-
mination not to take the slave labor
bill lying down. What the papers seem
to forget is the Big Business fought the
Wagner Act for years. In fact some
industrialists haven't as yet, ten years
after, stopped looking for ways and
means of sidestepping the aet. ;
And somehow or other all this brings
to mind the old one about the two
attorneys.
Counsel for the defense was cross-
examining the witness, a pretty girl with
lovely big blue eyes. The lawyer leaned
forward. . .
"Where were you," he asked, "on
Monday night?"
The girl smiled sweetly.
"Motoring," she replied.
"And where were you," asked coun-
sel, "on Tuesday night?"
"Motoring," repeated the girl.
Counsel leaned still closer.
"And what," he murmured, "are you
doing tomorrow night?"
• The prosecuting counsel leaped to his
feet.
"Your lordship," he protested, "I ob-
ject to that question."
The judge shruged his shoulders.
"And why do you object?" he in-
quired, mildly.
Prosecuting counsel drew himself up
in righteous indignation.
"Because," he snapped, "I asked her
first!"
• • •
TIME FOR NAM TO ACT
Believe it or not, a New York court
has ruled that stockholders can sue com-
pany executives who squander a firm's
assets fighting unions. This hardly
seems fair. No sooner does management
get the handcuffs on labor through the
Taft-Hartley Act than stockholders start
getting some rights. Maybe the NAM
ought to start sponsoring a law.
THE CARPENTER
15
NOT VERY FUNNY
Before marriage, a man yearns for a
woman. After marriage the "Y" is
silent.
• • •
SIMPLE MATHEMATICS
In a recent radio forum in which the
alarming divorce rate was the topic
under discussion, a minister advocated
a ban on marriage when the groom is
considerably older than the bride. "A
girl of twenty who contemplates marry-
ing a man of forty should remember
that he will be sixty when she is forty."
For our part, we agree with the min-
ister. How much better it would be
for a girl of forty to marry a man of
twenty. Then they could reach sixty at
about the same time.
• • •
SORT OF COMPLICATED
When the bombs were raining on
England in the early days of the war,
the courage and tenacity of the English
people won the admiration of the world.
The English are now showing the same
kind of courage in the present economic
crisis. Bankrupt, badly battered, and
surrounded by all kinds of economic
hurdles that look insurmountable, the
English are nevertheless fighting vali-
antly for economic recovery. Last month
the already tight controls on the lives
of Englishmen, were tightened even
more by the adoption of new rules gov-
erning imports and exports. They will
mean even lower standards of living for
the people for some time to come.
Not being an international financier,
the way the new English program will
operate is not exactly clear to us. How-
ever, it sort of puts us in mind of the
beautiful but dumb girl who was taking
a civil service examination. One of the
questions asked was the following:
"If a man buys an article for $12.25
and sells it for $9.75, does he gain or
lose by the transaction?"
After pondering the question for
awhile, the sweet young thing wrote
down the following answer:
"He gains on the cents but loses on
the dollars."
• • •
PAUP ON SUCCESS
"Success," opines Joe Paup, the poor
man's philosopher, "is the ability to get
along with some folks and get ahead of
others."
FIRST TIME
As the Eightieth Congress was rush-
ing things through early in July in an
effort to adjourn before the heat of
summer set in, there was considerable
talk among members of both houses
regarding an increase in the statutory
minimum wage from forty cents to sixty
or sixty-five cents an hour. Inasmuch
as that was the first indication of any
progressive action by the Eightieth Con-
gress, we were sort of reminded of the
Scotchman who was run over by a beer
truck. For the first time in his life the
drinks were on him.
• • ' •
NOT HARD TO DO
In the dying hours of the last session
of Congress, Senator Taft, of all people,
introduced a measure calling for a Con-
gressional investigation of runaway
prices.
Fifteen months ago, Taft was in the
forefront of those demanding that free
competition be given a chance to bring
down prices. Over and over he reiterat-
ed that a free hand to business was all
that was needed to drive prices down-
ward. He put over his program and
prices virtually doubled.
If he really wants to find out what
caused high prices all he has to do is
gather together Senator Wherry of Ne-
braska and a few other of his cronies
and take a good, long, collective, look in
a mirror.
A former second looie, ehf Can you
guess what I wast
Editorial
"
A Stench to Honest Nostrils
We sincerely hope that Hitler is dead. In the years when his star
was in its ascendency, the pompous little paper hanger often belabored the
democracies as decadent, rotten, graft-ridden failures shot through and
through with special privilege for the rich at the expense of the poor. If
Adolph is still alive, the disclosures being made by the Senate War Inves-
tigating Committee are certainly giving him plenty of ammunition for any
future tirades against democracy.
Most of last month the papers were full of charges and counter charges,
made by many important people as the investigating committee delved into
certain contracts awarded a West Coast, plane builder. We are in no
position to know who is right and who is wrong. In fact we do not even
care very much. What concerns us most right now is the rottenness which
prevailed in some high places during the war years as disclosed by the
committee's pryings into the contracts.
Testimony presented to the committee showed that hundreds of thou-
sands of dollars were spent by one man alone in wining, dining, and enter-
taining Brass Hats and other people in influential positions. Entertainment
checks for a single evening ran as high as $5,000. Girl friends at $100 and
$125 a night were common items on the expense account of the individual
who did most of the kowtowing to the big shots for the company. When
one realizes that all this money was charged to operating expense and'
therefore came out of the taxpayer's pocket, the matter is enough to make
one retch.
While all this was going on, you and I were being urged to save and
do without and buy bonds. If we even hinted that we wanted another five
cents an hour to try to keep our heads above water we were cussed up
one side and down the other as being unpatriotic and sure to bring on
inflation. There never seemed to be anything inflationary about big shots
throwing around millions; the only threat there ever was to inflation was
a poor worker getting two dimes together in his pocket at the same time.
And while all this lavish entertainment was going on at your expense
and mine, you and I were trying to keep one jump ahead of the ration
books. Remember how proud the missus was when she came home with
a pound of pig knuckles or a can of Spam? Running across a couple of
pork chops was the equivalent of finding a couple of diamonds. But there
never was any shortage of thick sirloins or juicy T-bones at the Stork Club
or the other swank clip joints where the taxpayer's money was being
tossed around to entertain the Brass.
Bad as our conditions were at home, they were infinitely better than
those of the GI's. While they dodged bullets and survived on K-rations
and dreamed of American girls they had not seen in years, certain Brass
THE CARPENTER 17
Hats were wining and dining- on choice morsels with $125 an evening hus-
sies. Now the same GI's are getting money deducted from their pay envel-
opes to help pay the debt.
If there is any moral in all this, it is that war is a dirty, rotten, stinking
mess from start to finish. It always has been and always will be. The
burden always falls on the common people. We, the common people,
therefore, have the biggest stake in seeing that no more wars come.
A Time for Reflection
Labor Day, 1947, more than any Labor Day in the past quarter century,
ought to be a time for sober reflection. For the workers of America a
bottomless abyss is yawning in the immediate foreground. It is an abyss
of insecurity, depression and privation. As never before in the 170-year
old history of our country, greed is in the saddle and riding roughshod
over everything.
Statistics reveal that corporation profits during the first half of this
year reached unbelievable proportions. In fact they are so high that
business publications are actually embarrassed and apologetic. Despite
this fact, new price increases are being tacked on all along the line. Steel
prices have already been jumped five to ten dollars a ton. General Motors
has upped car prices as much as $168. Coal prices have been hiked as
much as two dollars per ton. New markups are due in cotton textiles,
clothing, and cloth goods of all kinds. A major shoe producer predicts
price increases in shoes of around fifty per cent.
Yet the Department of Commerce reveals that profits for the first
six months of this year have climbed close to nine billion dollars. This
is around eighty-five per cent above 1946 figures. In fact, profits for the
first half of this year are higher than the total profits for any one whole
year prior to 1941. At the present rate, 1947 profits will top 1929 by 100%
although 1929 has long been considered the bonanza year of all time for
business.
To the housewife who has to stretch the weekly pay check to the
maximum to keep her family fed and clothed, all this is no news. The
price of everything she buys is going up by leaps and bounds. Any wage
increases her husband may have received since 1941 are more than gobbled
up by price increases. And the end does not seem to be in sight.
In view of the fantastic profits business piled up from January to June
it would seem that business had every reason for being satisfied. Yet
such was not the case. Corporation heads railed against the unions and
exerted tremendous pressure on Washington until they got the Taft-
Hartley Bill enacted into law. Their theme song was that unions were
driving them to the wall. If unions were hurting them so much, how does
it happen that profits have climbed to all time highs?
No, the Taft-Hartley Act was not passed because business was suffer-
ing at the hands of labor. It was passed because greed is running rampant
throughout American industry. And the greed will never be satisfied
18 THE CARPENTER
with anything less than the complete elimination of organized labor so
that wages as well as prices will be under the complete domination of
business.
We have said it often before and we now say it again: the course the
nation is now pursuing can only end in disaster. Every time prices have
outrun wages for any length of time, collapse has followed. The same.
will happen again. It may not be this month or this year or even this
decade. But sooner or later the laws of common sense and economics
will catch up with us.
From Congress as it is now constituted we can expect very little. The
present Congressional leadership represents the people and the interests
which have consistently opposed social progress and have never recon-
ciled themselves to accept the great social strides that have been made
in the last two decades. Like the vindictive post-Civil War Congress
.which all but wrecked the nation, the present Congress is bent on subju-
gating human welfare to material welfare.
So long as such a Congress exists, that long can the common people
expect nothing but retrogression. Theoretically at least, the people
are still the masters and public officials are still the servants. Next year
we will be privileged to choose our servants once more. Consequently it
becomes the business of all of us to look toward 1948. It becomes the
business of all of us to study and examine the records of all Congressmen
for whom we can vote. It becomes our business to see that men who
have an interest in the welfare and progress of the common people are
placed on the ballot where incumbents have aligned themselves with
thcforces of greed. In fact it becomes the business of all of us to devote
ourselves to politics as we never have before. Otherwise we may pay a
heavy price.
Being an American Still a Privilege
August 14th marked the second anniversary of the surrender of Japan
and the cessation of hostilities. However, the dislocations of war are
still largely with us. Prices are exhorbitant. profiteering' is rife, and
the threat of inflation hangs heavy over the whole economy. Housing is
scarce, transportation is inadequate, taxes are burdensome, and many com-
modities, including items of food, are still below normal in supply.
Yet for all the irritations and inconveniences these 'things produce, we
in America are so much better off than any other portion of the globe that
no honest comparison can be made. There is not a one of us but what
should get down on his knees each day and thank God that his ancestors
had the foresight and fortitude to come to America when they did. And
this applies especially to the Communists who wax fat on the bounty
America produces in personal freedom as well as goods while railing
against the system that made them possible.
THE CARPENTER 19
Oregon Councils Hold Joint Installations
In a noteworthy demonstration of unity, solidarity and cooperation in
these days when organized labor is under attack from many sides, three
District Councils in Oregon on July 19th and 20th held joint installation
ceremonies in the city of Eugene. The meeting was planned and spon-
sored by the Central Oregon District Council, the Klamath Basin District
Council, and the Willamette Valley District Council. All other District
Councils in the state were invited to send representatives and practically
all of them did.
At 10 a.m. Saturday morning, July 19th, the three District Councils
met in separate meetings to tackle the business at hand, a fact that made
it possible for visitors to attend three District Council meetings in one
day. That evening a banquet and dance was held for the delegates and their
wives in honor of Brother Cecil Richards who recently retired as secre-
tary-treasurer of the Willamette Valley District Council after many years
of faithful service. Hundreds of friends and guests were present to pay
tribute to Brother Richards. The highlight of the banquet came when
Brother Richards was presented with a .30 caliber deer rifle suitably in-
scribed. The presentation was made by Albert E. Fischer, assistant to
the General Secretary, on behalf of the entire membership of the Willa-
mette Valley District Council. After the banquet tables were cleared away,
dancing was enjoyed until a late hour.
Sunday, July 20th, the joint installation ceremonies were held. Newly
elected officers from the three District Councils arose in a body and
accepted the oath of office in a precedent-setting ceremony of dignity and
solemnity. Albert E. Fischer, assistant to the General Secretary, acted as
Installing Officer after appointing Brother Cecil Richards as Installing
Conductor.
Many special guests were iri attendance. Short addresses were deliv-
ered by Kenneth Davis, secretary, Northwestern Council ; Frank Easter-
dahl, Oregon State Council; Ivor Jones, president, State Council; Ralph
Barkley, Coast-Columbia District Council; James Whallon, Portland Dis-
trict Council; Tom Cruickshank, Coos Bay District Council; Don Reed,
Blue Mountain District Council; Jerry Miller, Local 226, Portland; A. R.
Major, Local No. 1273; and a number of others.
The meeting disbanded with a unanimous conviction that lasting good
had been accomplished and special appreciation was extended the General
Office for the presence and assistance of Brother Fischer, Assistant to the
General Secretary.
+
BUILDING TRADES AMONG MOST HAZARDOUS
For years the assumption has been rather general that the building trades
constituted the safest kinds of work. Recently, however, this theory was blasted
to bits when the New York State Workmen's compensation Board revealed some
startling figures. From its experience files the New York agency showed that in-
stead of being among the safest, the building trades are among the most hazard-
ous of all occupations.
Only a few industries show a higher percentage of disabling accidents over
the years than the construction trades. This adds materially to construction
costs, the Board pointed out. It urged greater attention to safety in building
trades and more widspread use of proper safeguards in all types of construction.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOEVERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters" Building. Indianapolis. Ind.
General President
WM. L. HFTl'HESOX
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis. Ind.
First Genera:. Yice-Presidext
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building. Indianapolis. Ind.
General S'etretart
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building. Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEYENSoN
Carpenters' Building. Indianapolis. Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building. Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District. fHARLES JOHNSON. JR.
Ill E. 22nd St.. New York 10. N. Y.
Second District. WM. J. KELLY
Carpent^' Bldg.. 24.'; 4th Ave.. Pittsburgh. Pa.
Fifth District. R. E. ROBERTS
631 W. Page. Dallas. Texas
Third District. HARRY SCHWARZBB
124S Walnut Ave.. Cleveland, O.
Sixth District. A. W. MUIK
Box 116S. Santa Barbara. Calif.
Seventh District. ARTHUR MARTEL
3560 St. I-awrenee. Montreal. Que.. Can.
Fourth District. ROLAND ADAMS
712 West Palmetto St.. Florem-e. S. C.
WM. L. HUTr'HESON. Chairman
FRANK DUFFY. Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
Attention Financial Secretaries!
With the introduction of the new quarterly account sheets, a few Fi-
nancial Secretaries have apparently become confused as to the proper
manner of reporting members who have fallen in arrears, quit or resigned.
A member must not be listed as in arrears, quit or resigned until he
owes three months dues or a sum equal thereto. To do otherwise is to
act contrary to the General Laws of the Brotherhood. Financial Secre-
taries in doubt should read Section 45. Paragraph A and B. of our General
Laws.
NEW CHARTERS ISSEED
3040 Callender. Ont.. Can.
30 41 Tygn Valley. Ore.
1923 Monahans, Tex.
3043 Etna. Cal.
1924 Rockmart. Ga.
1955 Lindenhurst, N. Y.
19 66 Hartford City. Ind.
1007 Florence, S. C.
1092 Harlan. Ky.
3044 Indianapolis. Ind.
1174 Shell Lake, Wis.
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more
%t&t in T^t&tt
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother FREDERICK J. ALF, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother CHRISTIAN ANDES, Local No. 514, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
Brother RANDOLPH R. ATKINSON, Local No. 2159, Cleveland, Ohio
Brother MELVIN AVERY, Local No. 278, Watertown, N. Y.
Brother LYLE E. BLACK, Local No. 278, Watertown, N. Y.
Brother GEORGE BOSHER, Local No. 514, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
Brother CHARLES H. BURNS, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother FRED BUTLER, Local No. 60, Indianapolis, Ind.
Brother J. W. CALLER, Local No. 1266, Austin, Texas
Brother ERNEST COURSON, Local No. 278, Watertown, N. Y.
Brother JAMES COX, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother DAVID CRAST, Local No. 278, Watertown, N. Y.
Brother HOWARD C. DAILEY, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother CARL M. DINKINS, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother HARRY DODSON, Local No. 2287, New York, N. Y.
Brother EDWARD C. DOWNING, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother ISAAC EDWARDS, Local No. 514, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
Brother JOSEPH FORBES, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother HARRY S. GEBHART, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother HARVEY GIRARD, Local No. 747, Oswego, N. Y.
Brother FRED I. GRANT, Local No. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
Brother RICHARD T. HARRISON, Local No. 184, Salt Lake City, Utah
Brother RICHARD HENDREICH, Local No. 419, Chicago, 111.
Brother CHARLES A. HOWARD, Local No. 1665, Alexandria, Va.
Brother R. E. JOHNSON, Local No. 1207, Charleston, W. Va.
Brother OLLIE JONES, Local No. 177, Springfield, Mass.
Brother CECIL G. MOUNT, Local No. 2108, Shelbyville, Ind.
Brother ROBERT OSBORNE, Local No. 2287, New York, N. Y.
Brother OTTO SCHMIDT, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother WILLIAM SCHUBERT, Local No. 60, Indianapolis, Ind.
Brother L. M. SNYDER, Local No. 268, Sharon, Pa.
Brother FRED H. STOWE, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother A. A. TOUCHTON, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother ROBT. A. WALKER, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother WALTER WEDGE, Local No. 1067, Port Huron, Mich.
Brother WILLIAM B. WILLIAMS, Local No. 1943, Henryetta, Okla.
Brother JAMES R. WILSON, Local No. 696, Tampa, Fla.
Brother ANTON WOLZ, Local No. 366, New York, N. Y.
CorrosponctancQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
NEW YORK STATE COUNCIL HOLDS LARGEST MEET
The Editor:
The Forty-first Annual Convention of the New York State Council of Carpenters,
held July 31, August 1-2, 1947, in the city of Elmira was one of the largest in
point of attendance in the history of the Council. One hundred forty delegates,
three fraternal delegates and a large number of guests attended.
General Executive Board Member Charles Johnson, Jr., made an instructive
and educational address to the assembled delegates which was generously applaud-
ed. Board Member Johnson also acted as the installing officer.
Frank X. Ward, of the legal staff of the United Brotherhood gave a thorough
explanation of the Taft-Hartley Bill as it will apply to our membership. A lengthy
question and answer period clarified the issue in the minds of all present.
Resolutions on the N. Y. State Unemployment Insurance Law, the Compensa-
tion Law, resolutions urging passage of the Wagner-Taft-Ellender Housing Bill- in
the next Congress, suggesting changes in the tax law to allow more home building
and pledging complete cooperation to General President Hutcheson in all efforts
to secure repeal of the Taft-Hartley Bill, were approved by the convention.
President Charles W. Hanson, Vice-Presidents Fred E. Johnson and Sam
Sutherland, Secretary-Treasurer John McMahon, Board Members, David Scanlan,
Edward McLaughlin, John S. Sinclair, William T. Bennis, William S. Quinn, James
F. Doughty, John Heiden and Thomas L. Hanover were elected for the ensuing
year.
It was with regret that the resignation of George Mulholland as First Vice-
President was accepted. George is retiring to become a gentleman farmer in up-
stage New York. Fred E. Johnson, Local Union 488, New York City was chosen
to succeed Brother Mulholland.
Fomer General Representative John Ryan, was a most welcome visitor and
received a cordial greeting from the assembled group.
Fraternally yours
John McMahon, Secretary-Treasurer.
WHITBY CARPENTERS HOLD ANNUAL OUTLNG
The Editor:
Saturday, July 19th, was a big day for the carpenters of Whitby, Ontario. On
that date, Whitby Local Union No. 397 sponsored its Annual Picnic at Lynbrook
Park. Even the weatherman was on the side of the Union. The day was a beauti-
ful one and the picnic drew a very large attendance from all over the district as a
result.
There was never a dull moment all afternoon. The committee on sports had
everything well arranged. There were various kinds of races and contests for the
kiddies; there were nailing contests for the women while the men concentrated on
a horse-shoe pitching contest. At 5:30 the ladies had a beautiful supper ready and
all sat down to enjoy it to the utmost.
Free ice cream was provided by the Local Union all day long. Toward the
end of the evening the ladies held a sale of home cooking which was not only amus-
ing but also very successful. From every angle the day was a big success, and the
members of the U^jon voted both the ladies and the committee on arrangements a
sincere vote of thanks.
Sincerely yours,
E. R. Wanes, Recording Secretary.
THE CARPENTER
23
LOCAL UNION No. 70, CHICAGO, HONORS OLD TIMER
The Editor:
All that the Brotherhood is today it owes in -a great
measure to the old timers who worked and fought and stood
by their organization through many trials and tribulations.
One such old timer is Brother Pierre Pouliot of Local Union
No. 70, Chicago.
At its regular meeting held on June 20th, Local Union
No. 70 voted to give a party in honor of Brother Pouliot, the
only living charter member. Brother Pouliot is now eighty-
seven years of age and has been a member in good standing
for over fifty years. For many years he has been a staunch
pillar in the Local Union and he has never lost his keen
interest in the affairs of his Local Union and the Brother-
hood.
Fraternally yours,
Wm. J. Raymond, Rec. Sec.
LOCAL No. 9 CELEBRATES 66th BIRTHDAY
From one end of New York State to the other, Local Union No. 9, Buffalo, is
known as the "Mother Local of the Carpenters' Union in America." The soubriquet
is well earned, for the Buffalo Union had its application in for a charter in the
Brotherhood several months before the organization was even formed. When
the eleven Local Unions met in Chicago to form a national union of carpenters,
the application of the Buffalo carpenters for a charter was already in the hands of
the committee handling the matter.
On June 14th Local Union No. 9 celebrated the sixty-sixth anniversary of it's
chartering with a huge banquet and show in the Grand Ballroom of the Statler
Hotel: Some 600 members, guests and friends were on hand to help make the
affair a memorable one. From beginning to end the evening was a great success.
The food was superb and the floor show presented by the American Guild of
Variety Artists and Actors was outstanding.
A host of distinguished guests were in attendance and their remarks were
inspiring as well as educational. GEB member Charles Johnson, Jr., representing
the General Officers who were unable to attend, extended greetings and congratula-
tions to the Union. In his remarks he discussed the vicious features of the Taft-
Hartley Act and pledged the Brotherhood to a never-ending fight until the un-
American law is repealed and erased from the statute books. Charles W. Hanson,
President of the New York District Council, touched on the fine conditions that
have been established in the trade throughout the state. A large number of other
guests prominent in civic, social, educational as well as labor affairs also gave
inspiring addresses.
Brother Harold Hanover, former secretary-treasurer of the New York State
Council, acted as toastmaster for the evening and turned in a very credible per-
formance. Floral pieces, the gifts of Sister Auxiliary No. 128 and Brother Local
No. 440 added beauty and charm to the speakers table. The real guest of honor
of the evening was ninety-two year old Phillip C. Wirth, recording secretary at the
time the Union became part of the Brotherhood. Still hale and hearty despite his
advanced years, Brother Wirth attends meetings regularly and displays a keen
interest in the affairs of the Union he did so much to build up and perpetuate.
In June, 1956, Local Union No. 9 will celebrate its Diamond Jubilee, and all
who attended the sixty-sixth anniversary party are looking forward eagerly to
being present.
24
THE CARP EN TER
PALATKA MEMBERS SOLVE A PROBLEM
The Editor:
Local Union No. 1500, Palatka, Florida, is setting an example of initiative
and resourcefulness that well merits recognition. During the war years, work was
comparatively plentiful in and around Palatka. After the war, work dropped off
but plenty of projects were
started in the surrounding
territory. For awhile mem-
bers of Local No. 1500 drove
to work in these other dis-
tricts in their own cars. But
all too often they came to
grief as the old cars broke
down en route.
To solve the problem, the
Local Union recently bought
a panel truck. Fourteen men
are now riding back and forth to work in Jacksonville in the truck and getting
there on' time. The plan has worked out so successfully that the Union is now
contemplating procuring another truck to transport men to St. Augustine where
more big projects are getting under way.
Thanks to the truck idea, the carpenters of Palatka are keeping gainfully em-
ployed and all indications are that they will continue to keep working for some
time to come.
Fraternally yours,
W. R. Squires, Fin. Sec.
READING, PA., BOASTS MANY OLD TLME MEMBERS
The Editor:
> Dreamland Park, near Reading, Pennsylvania, was crowded to near capacity
en the afternoon of July 19th when Local Union No. 492 of that city held its annual
picnic there. Games, contests and a highly interesting group of speakers kept
things moving at a fast pace
all day. Some eighteen pen-
sioners out of a total forty-
four in the Union were able
to attend.
It is interesting to note
that the pensioners in Local
Union No. 49 2, who range
from sixty-five to eighty-six
years of age, have better
than 1.3 6 6 years of com-
bined membership in the
Brotherhood to their credit.
We wonder if this does not
constitute some sort of a record.
A fine group of old timers
Many special guests attended the picnic and helped to make it the huge success
it turned out to be. Among the visitors was Brother Theodore O'Keefe, secretary-
treasurer of the Pennsylvania State Council.
Lunch and refreshments were served all day and the 32 5 carpenters and mill-
men who attended enjoyed themselves immensely.
Fraternally yours,
Charles W. Bowers, Fin. Sec.
CHATTANOOGA LADIES KEEP THINGS HUMMING
The Editor:
Greetings from Ladies' Auxiliary No. 38 6, Chattanooga, Tenn.
When the Carpenters' Local No. 74 built their Hall in 1941, they didn't forget
the Auxiliary. They furnished a lovely Lounge and a modern Kitchen for our use.
The Kitchen is convenient for cooking for a banquet or for cooking that delicious
Southern fried chicken that Local No. 74 likes so well.
Our meetings are held in the Lounge, on the second Friday night of each
month, and to make the meetings more interesting, we have an attendance prize
for the lady drawing the lucky number.
We donate to charity organizations and drives and send flowers to sick mem-
bers of our organization. We sent some books and a quilt to the Carpenters'
Home in Florida. During the war, Local No. 74 bought electric sewing machines
for us to sew garments for the Red Cross to send overseas. This project was a
great help to the needy families in other countries, for our members met and
sewed faithfully.
Most of our receipts are profit from a Coca Cola vending machine that we
bought and placed in the Carpenters' Hall.
We llave a Christmas party every year, and an occasional dinner or get-together
for our members and the members of Local No. 74. The most recent social event
was a dinner at the Southern Inn, with our husbands as our guests. Everyone
enjoyed the dinner, especially B. F. Graves. He said it was the coffee he was
admiring.
Fraternally yours,
Mrs. B. F. Graves, Recording Secretary.
MILWAUKEE AUXILIARY HELPS MANY WORTHY CAUSES
The Editor:
Carpenters' Ladies Auxiliary No. 252 of Milwaukee, Wis., takes this opportunity
to greet all Sister Auxiliaries.
During the past year we have initiated ten new members, bringing our total
membership to 75, all in good standing. We meet twice monthly; the 1st and 3rd
Wednesdays. The birthday ladies of the current month furnish the cakes for the
social which follows the business meeting on the 3rd Wednesday.
Last fall and winter we sponsored a bowling team; we presented corsages and
paid up memberships to two members who had reached the age of 70 years, and
had been members of theAuxiliary for at least five years. We sent delegates to
the Wisconsin State Convention of Women's Auxiliaries of Labor, and to the Wis-
consin Co-op Conference.
We have contributed to the Library Fund for the Home at Lakeland, Fla., the
Community Chest, the Red Cross, the Milwaukee Rescue Mission, the Cancer Fund,
and the Wisconsin Federation of Womens Auxiliaries of Labor.
During the Christmas season we filled and distributed eight baskets to needy
families.
We hope to keep our Auxiliary growing and welcome any and all Carpenter
Auxiliary members who desire to attend our meetings.
Fraternally yours,
Mayme May, Recording Secretary.
Craft ProblQms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 228
By H. H. Siegele
The metal miter box (see Fig. 1) is
a tool that in some quarters has given
rise to controversies. It is a clumsy
tool for the field carpenter to carry
around with him, because it is almost
impossible to pack in even a large tool
case. In many localities rules have been
adopted by carpenters to the effect that
metal biter boxes, if they are used on
the job, must be furnished by the con-
tractor. This rule it seems to this writer
is entirely justifiable, for no carpenter
should be required to invest in any
single tool as much money as it takes
to buy a good metal miter box. Such
miter boxes should be considered a part
of the contractor's equipment, and
therefore he should furnish them for
his men when needed. The rules gov-
erning the use of the metal miter box
are mostly found in the larger cities.
in small towns such rules are rarely
found, for in most of these places the
contractors are men who are at the
same time journeymen carpenters and
work with tools on their own and other
jobs. In such localities, a journeyman
carpenter today might be the contractor
tomorrow, and vice versa.
Cutting miters on small moldings by
the reflection of the molding in the saw
blade is a trick that every carpenter
should practice. For many years this
writer used this trick on quarter
rounds, half rounds and other small
moldings, and quite frequently he used
it on bed moldings, and in emergencies
on larger moldings.
Once I was working with the con-
tractor on a garage, and when it was
about quitting time, the contractor, who
was working on the garage doors, said
to me "I would like to finish these
doors." "We can do it," I answered.
Then I got out my fine saw and picking
Fig. 3
up a piece of molding I started to cut
it for the panels. "There is the miter
box," he said. But I told .him that I
didn't need it. In a little while I had the
moldings cut and in place, ready for
nailing. When I started to help finish
the nailing, the contractor looked at me
with astonishment. He knew about the
trick, but never had seen it used like
that. The trick is especially suitable for
THE CARPENTER
27
use in cutting base shoe and quarter
rounds. Any carpenter with a good
judgment and an accurate eye can miter
Fig. 4
small moldings with it so that the joints
will fit perfectly — rarely will he have to
do recutting.
Fig. 2 shows a saw applied to a half
round for making a square cut by means
ijhS Deyrees* Squai
tare-)
m
ggg 5^'A \
Fig. 5
of the reflection in the
3 shows the same saw
ting a true miter, also
reflection, while Fig. 4
pies of miters that are
We are using the half
these illustrations, but
saw blade. Fig.
applied for cut-
by means of the
shows four sam-
not true miters,
round in all of
the principle is
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the same in cases of quarter rounds and
other small moldings. In using the re-
flection in the saw blade, the work-
man's judgment and his eye must be
trained so that when he looks at the
^4-S degrees S/.
rSquare
\
*\ /
\
\
^v
"^ /
\
\
\l
Fig. 6
angle that the molding must fit, he can
apply the saw to the molding and adjust
it in such a manner, so that when the
reflection shows the same angle, he can
cut the molding and it will fit. This
trick is a time saver for the carpenter
who acquires the ability to do it skill-
fully.
Fig. 5 is a sort of perspective drawing
of a wooden miter box with saw kerfs
for two-way mitering and also for
square-across cutting. Such miter boxes
can be made on the job with short pieces
of lumber and "little time. The bottom
is made first, as shown by the bottom
drawing. Two-inch stuff is used, which
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Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and cuts
Into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
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13 square feet of printed data showing squares full size.
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28
THE CARPENTER
is jointed on both edges and then it is
marked, as shown, for the miter cuts
and for the square-across cut. This done,
the sides, which must also be jointed are
nailed on. Then the marks are con-
tinued from the bottom to the upper
edges of the sides on the edges. When
the marking is finished, the saw kerfs
are cut with a sharp fine saw, and the
box is ready for use.
Fig. 6 shows a simple miter box that
is suitable for cutting small moldings,
such as bed moldings and on down to
the smallest moldings that are made. It
is made with two-inch stuff, such as a
2x4 for the bottom, and another 2x4
for the back. The back is then marked
as shown by the continuous lines and
kerfed with a fine saw. The dotted lines
show the direction of the sawing.
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
Fig. 7 shows a similar arrangement
for cutting bridging. Here a 2x4 is
laid on a pair of tressels, and at one
end a short piece of 2x4 is nailed on the
edge for a back, as shown. This back is
marked to the bevel that is needed for
the bridging cut and kerfed. Then the
narrow strip of bridging material is
Fig. 7
placed in the angles and sawed into
bridging. A nail is stuck at the proper
place to gauge the length of the bridg-
ing pieces, as indicated. The first bridg-
ing piece, heavily shaded, is shown cut.
Fig. 8 shows four applications of the
steel square for marking miters. At
the top to the right the square is ap-
plied for a true miter, by using 12 on
Fig. 8
each arm of the square, while to the
left it is also applied for a true miter,
using 16 on each of the arms. The latter
application gives the workman a chance
to locate the point on the tongue by the
feel of the hand, while he locates the
point on the body of the square with
the eye. This is especially suitable for
marking boxing boards and rough
flooring boards, when these are put on
diagonally. At' the bottom we show two
applications of the steel square for mi-
ters that are not true. Each of these
applications gives a sharp bevel and a
$1 .25 with 7 Blades x^NAF/n.
vUNIO»UMADr
jy
CARPENTERS
Demand the Best The Genuine
F. P. M. SAWS AND BLADES
The Saw of Superior Quality with a National Beputation. Manu-
factured by a member of U.-B. of C. & J. of A. No. 1.
If your deater does not handle, write direct to me.
F. P. MAXSON, Sole Manufacturer
3722 N. Ashland Ave. CHICAGO, ILL
dull bevel, which are only four miters
that can be marked with a steel square
out of an unlimited number.
FITTING WALLBOARD
■ To fit a piece of wallboard into a
place shown by Fig. 1, the following
suggestion will help to make it fit
snugly;
Fig. 1
Fig. 2 shows the first thing to do — -
tack a piece of wallboard about as
shown and cover it with stiff smooth
building paper. Then make a wedge-
shaped pointer, something like what is
shown shaded at number 15. Mark the
shape of the pointer on the paper temp-
let at every point where the wall line
changes directions, about as shown by
Fig. 3. On this figure the unshaded
pointers numbered 1 to 15, show the
different approximate positions of the
Fig.
pointer for doing the marking. When
the paper is marked, it would look
about like what is shown in Fig. 4, ex-
cepting the dotted-line points. Now
fasten the paper templet on the wall-
board to be cut, in such a manner that
by placing the pointer exactly as you
had it when you marked the paper,
and putting a mark at the point of the
pointer in each of the different posi-
tions, you will have the points for
New Opportunities
f.°.r Carpenters
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
ing jobs. Be the man who (jives orders
and draws the big pay check. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
M-108 Tech Bldg. 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, III.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Name
Address
RCG.U S.PAT. OFF.
Every cutting job — cross-cutting, ripping, dadoing,
angle cutting, bevel cutting, mutiple cutting, mortis-
ing, scoring, or cutting light gauge metals — can be
done faster . . . better . . . cheaper with an Electric
MallSaw. 4 Models with capacities of 2, 2£ 2f
and 4£ inches. All have Universal motors.
Ask Hardware Dealer or write Power Tool Division.
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
26 Years of "Better Tools For Better Work."
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All Contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertise
;rs
jssories
Page
4th Cover
31
4
31
32
29
28
3rd Cover
30
31
3rd Cove
32
32
32
4
31
1
looks
31
3rd Cover
29
27
30
27
28
Carpenters' Tools and Acc<
E. C. Atkins & Co., Indianapolis,
Ind.
Burr Mfg. Co., Los Angeles, Cal.
Henry Disston & Sons, Inc., Phil-
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis,
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111.
Millers Falls Company, Green-
field, Mass.
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Phila-
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore
Stanley Tools, New Britain,
E. Weyer, New York, N. Y.
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Carpentry Materials
Johns-Manville Corp., New York,
N. Y.
Plastic Wood, New York, N. Y.__
• The Upson Co., Lockport, N. Y.
Technical Courses and I
American Technical Society, Chi-
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y._.
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
Mason Engineering Service,
Kalamazoo, Mich.
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn.
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo
marking the board that will fit the
place shown by Fig. 1. Having these
points, mark the board from point to
point as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 4
In case the place you have to fit the
Fig
wallboard into has curved lines, or ir-
regular and circular lines, you would
proceed in the same way and use the
different points for striking the lines.
Fig. 4
If the templet paper is carefully mark-
ed and then the points are carefully
transferred to the wallboard, you will
have no trouble in making tight joints.
STEEL SQUARE
HAND
BOOK
Completely Revised
This concise and handy little book illustrates and describes the best methods of using
the carpenter's steel square in laying out all kinds of carpentry work. It is easy to
understand as a picture of the square laying directly on the work shows exactly how the
various cuts are made. Its compact and handy size makes it convenient to carry in the
pocket, for quick reference.
"For ready reference carry
this convenient 50 page
pocket size (4.1x63) guide
to your job."
Postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
SEND SI. 00 TODAY
D. A. ROGERS
Minneapolis 9, Minn.
Enclosed $1.00. Forward by return mail your Carpenters &
Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
Address.
THE CARPENTERS HANDY HELPER
mmt mm
has dozens of uses on every job!
For that "FINISHED TOUCH*'
Plastic Wood can be used
for filling:
• Nail holes
• Cracks due to wood
shrinkage
• Countersunk screws
• Old screw holes
• Loose dowel pins
• Broken railings
• Split, cracked or splintered
wood in bowling alleys.
HANDLES LIKE PUTTY...
HARDENS INTO WOOD
Keep a supply of PLASTIC WOOD SOL-
VENT on hand to control the consistency
of PLASTIC WOOD. SOLVENT is also
used for cleaning hands and tools.
• On sale at all Builders* Supplies,
Hardware and Paint Stores
BUY THE 1 lb. CAN
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Leam to draw plans, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting Jobi. Theee 8 practical, pro-
fusel; Illustrated books cover subjects that will help 70a
to set more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, sir-condi-
tioning, concrete forms and many other subjects are Included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books are
the most up-to-
date and complete
we hare ever pub-
lished on these
many subjects.
Examination
BETTER JOBS -BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom Is in full
swing and trained men are Deeded.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. These books sup-
ply quick, easily understood training and
handy, permanent reference information
that helps solve building problems.
Coupon Brings Eight Big Books Fo_r
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers sineeg(8I
Dept. G636 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
Tou may ship me the TJp-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and If fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34.80 Is paid. I am not obligated la any
way unless I keep the books.
Name .
Address 1
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men In service, also give home address.
TkeWmSP SAW FILER
Saves You Time, Money
Now you can do expert saw filing *)
home. Lifetime tool makes precision
tiling easy for even the most inexperi-
enced. Two simple adjustments male*
it nc any type hand saw. Keep youir
saws extra sharp and true-cutting with
a Speed Saw Filer. Complete with tile,
I ready to use. Money back guarantee.
Cash with order, prepaid. (CO. IX
postage extra.)
THE SPEED COMPANY
Dept. A 2023 N.E. Sandy, Portland 12, Ore*
Me"*.
Cuts new teeth
in 50 seconds !
Any size tooth 4
to 16 points. Old
teeth fall off as
chips. Simple to
operate. A per-
fect job.
Extends life of ^H 'W^^' li-mediata
any hand saw. ^BM^^^ Delivery
New Automatic Saw Set Now Available, Sets
Teeth Uniformly — '400 a minute.
Write Today!
BURR MFG. CO. ffiJSfeKi
Los Angeles 34, Cal.
Johns-Manvilb
5 SHINGLES IN ONB
•"AMERICAN. COLONIAL" ASBESTOS SHINGLES
SOLVE ROOF PROBLEMS INSTANTLY
IN TEN SECONDS// All 11 !
lengths and cuts of rafters
for simple and hip roofs.
Just set dial to "pitch" &
"run," and the other fig-
ures show up in windows.
Unlike rafter tables, run is
set directly in feet and in-
ches. There is no need to
adjust later for thickness
of ridge board. Cuts giv-
en in degrees and square
readings.
rafter dial $1.95 Order from-. E. Weyer, Dept. H,
P.O. Box 153, Planetarium Station, New York 24, N. Y.
B
USIMESS
MAKE A GOOD LIVING IN YOUR OWN
BUSINESS— sharpening saws with the
the Foley Automatic Saw Filer. It makes
old saws cut like new again. All hand saws,
also band saws and cross-cut circular
saws can be filed on this ONE machine.
THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF SAWS TO
BE FILED in your own neighborhood, used
by farmers, carpenters, homes, schools,
factories, etc. W. L. Tarrant writes : "I
left my old job last September and in 10
months have filed 2.159 saws. We have a
lovely business worked up and cannot
keep up with the work."
SEND FOR FREE PLAN
— Shows how to start
this steady cash busi-
ness. No experience
needed, no eyestrain,
no canvassing. Mail
coupon today.
BOWL BETTER
WITH YOUR OWN
JH/UUtAWtck^
MINERALITE
Custom-fit
BOWLING
BALL
THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER CO.
Branches in ail Principal Cities
■• ALL THE BEST ideas of skilled workers in
wood for over 70 years have been built into
these Stanley Planes. Naturally they feel
right and work right. Stanley Tools, 163 Elm
Street, New Britain, Connecticut
THE TOOL BOX OF THE WORLD
[STANLEY]
Trade Mark
HARDWARE HAND TOOLS- ELECTRIC TOOLS
No. 5 Plane
\ for
easier, better
Work
Millers Falls No. 118 Breast Drill and No. 2
Hand Drill are carpenters' tools — designed
for hard work, continuous work. They're
professional tools: sturdy — to last a life-
time; smooth operating — to help you get
more jobs done.
Use Millers Falls drills to make tough
jobs easy, easy jobs easier.
MILLERS FALLS
k TOOLS /
MILLERS FALLS
COMPANY
Mass.
Greenfield,
AUDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
4vols.*6
Jnslde Trade Information
Jot Carpenters, Builders. Join-
ers. Building Mechanics and
till Woodworkers. These
Guides give you the short-cut
instructions that you want —
including new methods, ideas,
solutions, plans, systems and
money savim
easy progress
apprentice and
practical daily
Quick Refe
-
. An
Carpent
i for the
student. A
helper and
for tho master
„ ..-ing these Guides
Of a Helping Hand to Easier
Work. Better Work and Bet-
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance for yourself, simply Wl
— _. in and mail tha FREE COU-
Inside Trade Information On: pom below.
How to use the steel square — How to file and set
Baw3 — How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — How to use
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— Es-
timating Btrength of timbers — How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on tho
Bteel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds —
skylights — How to build stairs— How to put on
interior trim — How to hanK doors — How to lath —
lay floors — How to paint
THEO. AUDEL & CO., 49 W. 23rd St., New York City
Mail Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides. '
I will remit SI in 7 days, and »t monthly until $6 i
No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Occupation.
Relcrence . .
CAR
■■■'"m Cr^d
:'
i
For 90 years Atkins Saws have ranked
high with carpenters. This is vital
recognition. Carp-enters handle saws
constantly; they're qualified to know which
saws give the best performance, the longest
service. That's why you'll find so many Atkins
saws in so many carpenters' kits.
Reasons for this are sound. Atkins Saws are correctly
designed, precision built, perfectly balanced. The
"Silver Steel" used in them insures rugged wear. Strong,
edge-holding teeth give the very maximum cutting between
filings.
E. C. ATKINS AND COMPANY
VII ill !M Indianapolis 9, Indiana
FOUNDED 1381
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
OCTOBER, 1947
jaw**-" >i-^5
S% tB1RtY \>a»efe fnusa°d „eVin6
oi^'
nVJ
V>et^eT
TOO1*
xV>e
sVjet •
iv°°: ,«, iot
eas „ t>a»e:
.,ia.tS?s0Ve.*aT'
iote
vet
el*
. a«
a\iW-
.a w
aVe
ieta^
co*
.u»c
10*9
"o%%e,t da, ^£tS*f*
fcot»e ° P9 to ^ * Aea\e^9 ^iet^ p£
c^ ', time-iS^r TjosoB * 0u cd
Ufssati $witers
tell their friends:
"When I i>vilt my home
25 years ago, i used
Upson Panels. They
were so satisfactory
that! used them again
6 years ago in a 100
year old house. ! am
now planning to bo rid
in North Carolina an"d
expect to use your
Panels again,"
F. W. P.
Providence, R.I.
Sept. 1, 1944
iv*£
lo
!?ACtf
Upson •
Quality Products
Are Easily Identified By
The Famous Blue- Center
TIE CAQPEN1ER
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXVII — No. 10
INDIANAPOLIS, OCTOBER, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Con tents —
Points of Policy on Taft-Hartley Act
The General Office issues an outline of tentative points of policy regarding the
new, vicious anti-labor law for the guidance of all subordinate bodies in the United
States.
Where Marx Went Astray
A searching look into the fallacies of Communism. Karl Marx, the great Communist
hero and authority, saw much exploitation and misery in his day, but he incorrectly
diagnosed the reason for them; consequently the cures he proposed are no cures at
all but rather palliatives which have a lot of bitter medicine beneath a sugar coating.
Canada Eyes Mechanization
13
In her search for a brighter place in the sun, Canada faces many knotty problems;
not the least of which is immigration. A prominent Canadian industrialist looks at the
problem squarely and concludes that mechanization rather than immigration offers the
brightest hope.
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Editorials -
Official
Plane Gossip
In Memoriam
Correspondence
To the Ladies
Craft Problems
16
19
20
22
23
25
26
Index to Advertisers
29
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
..^.
This is it!
HAVE BEEN
HELP YOU
FOR!
FRAMING
SIE&EkE
Ot&e/i
HELPFUL
BOOKS
Include in Your Order
CARPENTRY
Craft Problems. Practical, helpful
solutions to hundreds of carpentry
problems. Valuable to carpenter
and apprentice alike. 302 pages.
700 illus. Cloth binding. $2.50.
BUILDING
Practical instruction on farm build-
ing, scaffolding, stairs, roofs, and
finishing. Simplified. Easy to use.
210 pages. 495 illustrations. Cloth
binding. $2.50.
BUILDING TRADES
DICTIONARY
Gives over 6800 definitions of
words, terms and phrases used
in the trade. A book for every car-
penter and builder. 380 pages.
670 illus. Cloth binding. $3.00.
QUICK CONSTRUCTION
Practical Building Methods. Com-
mon sense instruction on hundreds
of building problems. 250 pages.
670 illus. Cloth binding. $2.50.
THE STEEL SQUARE
by Hodgson. Complete 475 pages.
300 illustrations. $2.50.
Coat 'P cdU^ed
$^feOO I
Order on Coupon Below Under
Liberal Money Back Offer!
Siegele has done it again. Now you
and the great carpentry craft can
have the benefit of his vast expe-
rience, study and research on every
type and phase of ROOF FRAMING. Get this latest Siegele book.
It is thoroughly practical, written in everyday language, and with
over 400 illustrations, diagrams and sketches that make every point
as simple as ABC. Over 500 lines of index helps locate any subject
in a jiffy.
For Apprentices, Journeymen, Builders
Here is a book for every man interested in carpentry— will give
you a new understanding and knowledge— makes you a better
workman — makes your work easier.
Here are some of the subjects covered:
Terms, Stepping Off, Cuts for Common Rafters, Cuts for Hips and
Valleys, Cuts for Jacks and Cripples. How to Frame Irregular Plan
Roofs. ,How to Frame Irregular Pitch Roofs. Cuts for Sheeting.
Polygon Roofs and How to Cut the Rafters and Sheeting. Backing
Hips and Valleys. Barn Roofs, Gambrel Roofs, Flat Roofs, Miscel-
laneous Roof Framing and Practical Craft Problems.
Makes A9I Jobs Easier— Mail Coupon
Order Roof Framing and other Siegele books on coupon below.
See for yourself how they can help you. Money back if not satis-
fied. Frederick J. Drake & Company, 600 W. Van Buren Street,
Chicago.
'Tttttil (yXCCfryK NOW FOR QUICK ^DELIVERY
□ Roof Framing $2.00
□ Carpentry $2.50
□ Building $2.50
□ Quick Construc-
tion $2.50
□ Building Trades
Dictionary $3.00
□ Steel Square $2.50
□ Remittance enclosed. Send books postage prepaid.
□ Send C.O.D. plus postage.
Drake's Books Are Also Sold By Leading Booksellers
Frederick J. Drake & Co.
Dept. 37, 600 W. Van Buren St.
Chicago 7, Illinois
Please send me books checked.
If not satisfied I will return in 5 days
and money will be refunded.
Name_
I Address-
| City
_State_
NOW! a* /f*&#t*Zii>
FRAMING SQUARE
SOLVES ALL
FRAMING PROBLEMS
INSTANTLY!
VI
Hi
Hi
%
VO.
P
ENLARGED SECTION!
showing Rafter Tables
etched on blade.
No More Figuring, Mistakes or Worrying!
One Setting gives you the marking
for both Plumb Cut and Mitre Cut
Blade gives
marking for
Plumb Cut of
Common and
Hip Rafter.
Bevel Bar
automatically
adjusts itself
for all
Mitre Cuts on
Hip, Valley
or Jack Rafters.
ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW IS THE WIDTH
OF BUILDING AND PITCH OF THE ROOF
Now one tool solves all roof framing prob-
lems. No more bulky squares, rafter tables,
slide rules and other extras to carry while
figuring roofs, Sharp's Automatic Framing
Square does it all. Just set tool to pitch of
roof and it automatically solves every prob-
lem and provides direct marking guide for all
cuts. Gives exact figures for length of rafters.
Cuts given in square readings and in degrees
for power saw work. Opens to 90-deg. angle.
A sturdy, all-metal tool that folds up into
one compact unit ... 1 foot long, 2 inches wide.
Fits in pocket easily. No sharp corners to
catch on clothing. Guaranteed to give perfect
satisfaction or your money refunded.
Order Today S^ @f^ Prepaid
LLOYD L. CROWLEY
1880 South 12th St. Salem, Oregon
SOLE DISTRIBUTOR
*6Z$#u£& FRAMING SQUARE
POINTS OF POLICY ON
Editor's note: The following self-explanatory communications dealing with the Taft-Hartley Law
were recently sent to all U.S. Locals and District Councils affiliated with our Brotherhood.
They outline the tentative points of policy adopted by the International in connection with the
Law and they are herewith reprinted for the enlightenment and guidance of subordinate bodies.
September 9, 1947
TO THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF ALL
LOCAL UNIONS AND DISTRICT COUNCILS.
Greetings :
The provisions of the Taft-Hartley Act require the filing of affi-
davits by all officers of Local Unions and officers of the Interna-
tional that they are not members of the Communist Party or affi-
liated with such party and do not believe in or support any organ-
ization that teaches the overthrow of the United States Govern-
ment, and the Act requires the filing of financial reports on forms
provided for that purpose and those forms can be obtained through
Regional National Labor Relations Board offices.
The General Office has completed the forms required and has
forwarded them to Washington, D. C, which will permit Local
Unions to file similar forms for any case they now have pending
or wish to present to the- National Labor Relations Board in the
future.
However, the filing of the reports and affidavits is not compul-
sory and no penalty is imposed on a union that fails to file the re-
ports required by the Act except by the denial of the right to call
upon the National Labor Relations Board under the Act. If at a
later date a Local Union wishes to submit a case to the National
Labor Relations Board the Local Union could then file the reports
at the time of starting the proceedings under the National Labor
Relations Act.
We are enclosing a copy of the "Tentative Points of Policy"
which have been adopted for guidance of Local Unions affiliated
with our organization.
In the event any changes are made, Local Unions and District
Councils will be advised immediately.
Fraternally yours,
WM. L. HUTCHESON
THE CARPENTER
TENTATIVE POINTS OF POLICY ADOPTED AT
CONFERENCE ON THURSDAY, JULY 24, 1947, AT
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA
i. The Brotherhood will maintain the principle that the construction
industry ordinarily is INTRASTATE commerce and is not affected by
the Taft-Hartley Act.
2. The Brotherhood will maintain the principle that the employment
of carpenters in the construction of a building- or other structure which
is not itself a facility of interstate commerce is not an employment in or
affecting interstate commerce.
3. The Brotherhood will maintain that, as acknowledged in the new A .:
itself, it has the right "to prescribe its own rules "with respect to the acqui-
sition or retention of membership", and to determine its "self-organiza-
tion"; and that these rights shall receive a liberal construction, favoring
the freedom and self-determination of the organization.
4. The Brotherhood will maintain that its Constitution. By-Laws and
General Laws, having been adopted and existing before the enactment of
the new Act, are not outlawed or annulled by that Act, but are protected
by that portion of the Act which provides that no act performed before
such enactment shall be deemed "an unfair labor practice".
5. The Brotherhood notes, and its members will note, that the new I
expressly states that it' does not make the quitting of his labor, or the re-
fusal to render service, by any individual employee, acting on his own. an
illegal or actionable act.
6. The Brotherhood will maintain, and it is a fact, that the new Act
authorizes the settlement of labor disputes by the ordinary proces-es of
collective bargaining: and also authorizes the ordinary practice of peace-
ful and orderly picketing, and the free expression and dissemination of
views not amounting to threats or promises of .benefit, and the resort to
ordinary strikes for securing desired rates of pay. wages, hours and work-
ing conditions from the employer of the striking employees.
7. The Brotherhood will maintain, and it is a fact, that prior decisions
of the former National Labor Relations Board, holding that a craft unit is
inappropriate for the purpose of selecting a representative for collective
bargaining, are annulled by this new Act.
8. The Brotherhood will maintain, and it is a fact, that a contract, law-
fully arrived at by collective bargaining prior to the enactment of the new
Act. whether for a closed shop or otherwise, continues to be valid and law-
fully performable after such enactment, irrespective of its date of term-
ination or absence of a date of termination, provided it is not renewed or
extended or modified after the enactment of the new Act.
9. The Brotherhood will maintain, and it is a fact, that the new Act does
not make an unfair labor practice the performance of any obligation under
THE CARPENTER 7
a collective-bargaining agreement entered into for a stipulated period of
not over one year, after the enactment of the new Act but on or prior to
August 22, 1947, provided such agreement is not after August 22, 1947, re-
newed or extended or modified and provided such agreement would not
have constituted a violation of the law prior to the enactment of the new
Act.
10. The making of collective-bargaining agreements is a matter of Local
autonomy, subject only to the requirements of the Constitution that such
contracts shall not conflict with the laws of the International Body.
11. No collective-bargaining agreement shall be signed, as witness or
otherwise, by any General Representative of the International Body or
any deputy of such representative.
12. No collective-bargaining agreement shall be made by any subordi-
nate organization in the name of the International Body, or shall purport
to obligate the International Body in any way whatever.
13. The filing in the General Office of collective-bargaining agreement
or by-laws of a local body, or amendments thereof, shall be deemed to be
solely for the purpose of observing whether such contract or by-laws or
amendments thereof contain any term violative of the Constitution and
Laws of the United Brotherhood and any approval thereof by the General
Office shall have no other implication.
14. Such filing shall not make, and shall not be deemed to make, the
United Brotherhood a part to such collective-bargaining agreement or
to its performance ; and the subordinate organization making such agree-
ment is not, and shall not be deemed to be, the agent or representative of
the United Brotherhood in the making or performance thereof.
15. In view of the liabilities. imposed by the act and the difficulties of
policing full performance by all individual members, collective-bargaining
agreements should not contain any affirmative guarantee or covenant,
written or oral, against strikes or other concerted refusals to render
service.
16. The Brotherhood will determine for itself what legal action it will
take, or what -legal defenses it will interpose, for the purpose of safe-
guarding in the courts the rights of the organization under the Constitu-
tion of the United States or under aii}r other law.
17. The Brotherhood adheres to its traditional position that the lav/s
of the land be faithfully observed by it, its subordinate bodies and its
members ; but that it reserves the right to test in the courts, by orderly
procedure, the constitutionality of any law or interpretation or applica-
tion thereof.
18 With reference to the provisions of the new Act purporting to
condemn as unfair labor practices certain union activites (previously law-
ful) by way of strike, boycott or refusal to render service, the Brotherhood
will, in an appropriate case or cases and by appropriate procedure, submit
to the courts for determination all questions as to the interpretation, appli-
8 THE CARPENTER
cation and constitutionality thereof. This declaration of the general policy
includes the defense of our union label; the defense of the provisions of
our Constitution and General Laws concerning- our union label ; the defense
of our traditional policies as to working with non-union men or on non-
union material ; and the defense of our jurisdiction as defined by our
Constitution and General Laws or as established by collective-bargaining
agreements or general or local practice or custom.
19. All Officers of the International Body and all its subordinate bodies
should familiarize themselves with the provisions of the new Act; and, if
questions arise as to the interpretation, application or constitutionality
thereof, they should seek legal advise from the employed counsel.
20. All questions of general policy with reference to the new Act are
matters for consideration and determination by the General Office.
LIBRARY FUND
Paced by a S100.00 contribution from Local Union No. 101, Baltimore,
Maryland, and two twenty-five dollar donations by the Metropolitan Dis-
trict Council, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the Library Fund added another
$196.50 to the amount available for rehabilitation of the library at the .
Home at Lakeland during the last three months. Seven Brotherhood affili-
ates made contributions to the Fund in the period from June 16 (when the
previous report was made) until September 16. During the same period,
expenditures amounting to $322.09 were made for magazines and other up-
to-date periodicals.
The Library Fund was created by last year's convention at Lakeland
for the express purpose of building up the Library at the Home which has
through natural wear and tear and obsolescence deteriorated considerably
in recent years. Thanks to the generous support accorded the Library
Fund, money is now available to build up an adequate library.
Donations to the Fund should be clearly designated as such in order
that bookkeeping errors may be avoided. Since the last report was made
as of June 16, the following contributions have been made to the Fund :
L. A. No. 250, Omaha, Neb $ 3.00 RECAPITULATION
L. A. No. 42, Battle Creek, Mich. 3.50 Balance Available June 16,
L.U. No. 1846, New Orleans, La. 15.00 194T $8,469.55
Metropolitan D. C, Philadel- Receipts 196.50
pbia, Pa. 50.00
f . -^ __. _ , . Total $8,666.05
L. A. iNo. 2 i 4, Snoqualmie
"Wash g qq Expenditures 322.09
L. U. No. 359, Philadelphia, Pa. 15.00 Available Funds Sept. 15,_
L. U. No. 101, Baltimore, Md. 100.00 1947 $8,343.96
U^here Marx IVent Astray
Editor's note — The following is a transcript of a radio broadcast recently made by ex-Congress-
man Samuel B. Pettengill. Although the times when organized labor has been able to agree with
Pettengill on national questions have not been too numerous, he is, nevertheless, a serious thinker.
Even in this instance it is impossible to agree with everything he says. However, the following
article contains so many basic truths and so much food for thought for those who may be inclined
to be sympathetic toward Marxism that it seems worthy of repetition.
OW that the whole Nation is talking about the Communist threat
to the country — at home and abroad — it seems a good time to ask
what is really wrong with Marxism.
It was 99 years ago that Marx and Engels wrote the Communist mani-
festo which began with the words "A specter is haunting Europe, the
specter of communism." This sounds like today's newspaper. That was
one year before gold was discovered in California; before the covered
wagon began to roll across the plains. Please keep this date in mind. It is
significant to what I shall say.
A little later, Marx, in London, wrote Das Kapital, the bible of the
Communists and Socialists. As a reporter, Marx was accurate. The condi-
tions of the workers in England a century ago as he points out, were very
grim. Women pulled canal boats .
along the tow-path with ropes over
their shoulders. Women were har-
nessed, like beasts of burden, to
cars pulling coal out of British
mines. In the textile mills, chil-
dren began to work when they were
9 or 10 years old, and worked 12
to 15 hours a day. It was said that
the beds in which they slept never
got cold, as one shift took the place
of the other. It was said that they
were machines by day and beasts
by night. Tuberculosis and other
occupational disease killed them off
like flies.
Conditions were terrible. Not
only Marx, but other warm-hearted
men, such as Charles Dickens, Rus-
kin, and Carlyle poured out a litera-
ture of protest which was read
around the world.
On his facts, Marx can scarcely
be challenged. But his diagnosis
was wrong and, therefore, the rem-
edy he prescribed was wrong also.
Marx said these terrible condi-
tions were due to greed, exploita-
tion, the theft by the owners of the
mines and mills of the "surplus
value" produced by the workers.
That was his diagnosis and there-
fore his remedy was to preach the
gospel of hate, of the class struggle,
of the redistribution of wealth, of
the confiscation of property, and its
ownership and management by the
state, which always means the poli-
ticians.
Now, if that diagnosis and rem-
edy were, and still are, in the main,
correct we have no business fighting
communism — either in Greece or in
the United States. We should advo-
cate it. It becomes mighty impor-
tant to ask whether they were cor-
rect.
10
THE CARPENTER
The diagnosis of Marx was partly
correct. "Man's inhumanity to man"
has always been a factor in human
affairs. Greed can never be defend-
ed whether in business or govern-
ment. Sympathy for the underdog
will always have its work to do. Al-
ways, certainly in Communist Rus-
sia— with its forced labor camps
and human slavery.
Greed and exploitation are not
cured by socialism. Stalin and
Molotov live like oriental poten-
tates with state dinners that would
make Nero and Caligula green with
envy. All this, in the name of the
downtrodden proletariat.
But greed was not the main rea-
son for the conditions which Marx
described. If all the wealth of the
owners of the mines and mills had
been redistributed to the workers,
it would haye relieved their condi-
tion but slightly, and but for a little
time.
So the class struggle, as a remedy
fgr these conditions was wrong.
What was wrong? What was the
real trouble?
It was the low productivity of
the workers, and, as workers can
be paid only out of production —
whether in England a century ago
or in Russia today — wages must be
low and hours of work long when
production is low.
Production was low because tools
and equipment were poor, because
human backs had to do what slaves
or iron and steel do today here in
America, because capital had not
been accumulated to buy better
tools, because freedom had so re-
cently emerged from centuries of
feudalism that the inventors and
scientists and businessmen had not
had a chance to dream and plan.
They have had that chance, today
here in America.
Listen! In 1940, before the war
increased our production, it was
estimated that electric power alone
in this country was performing
work equal to the labor of half a
billion men — 500,000,000 men —
working 8 hours a day. That is
equal to nearly 10 times the total
human labor force employed in
America and 50 times the number
employed in manufacturing, and
that leaves out steam power and
gasoline power and windmill power,
with their tremendous contribution
for increasing the productivity of
workers and lifting burdens from
human backs.
Is it any wonder that America
outproduced the world in this last
war? That wages are higher here
than anywhere in the world ?
While Marx preached the gospel
of hate and the class struggle
America gave the green light to
the Edisons, the Whitneys, the Bur-
banks, and the Fords.
James Watt, the inventor of the
steam engine which revolutionized
the modern world, and those who
followed him in the competitive
struggle to make a better engine
and sell it for less, did more to take
women out of the coal mines, and
off the towpaths of the canal boats,
more to take children out of the fac-
tories, than all the Socialists and
Communists and politicians of the
world combined.
Yet Watt would be an unknown
name today if one of these despised
capitalists, a man named Matthew
Boulton, had not risked $150,000 on
Watt's invention. Would he, by the
way, have dared to take that risk
under today's taxation?
THE CARPENTER
11
One measure of the progress of
civilization is the mechanical horse-
power and tools which supplement
human labor. The steam engine did
more to outlaw slavery, both in
England and America, than all the
political humanitarians put to-
gether. The laboratories do more
for mankind than the legislatures.
Please understand me. Welfare
legislation has its place. There must
be laws to require safety appliances
in coal mines — and they should be
enforced, whether private owners or
the Government runs them. There
must be laws to require fire escapes
from factories and hotels. There
must be laws to require the inspec-
tion of milk and meat. There must
be laws for honest weights and
measures. Otherwise, some men
would risk death to human beings
to make a greater profit.
I do not disparage such legisla-
tion at all. I endorse it as part of
the responsibility of modern gov-
ernment.
I simply point out that if modern
America were to go back to the
same tools and horse-power that /we
had when Benjamin Franklin was
trying to capture lightning from the
sky our production of wealth would
at once go down 90 per cent, wages
would go' down in proportion, hours
of labor would rise to the limit of
human endurance, and nothing that
government, or humanitarians, or la-
bor unions, or Karl Marx, could do
would prevent it.
I mentioned the discovery of gold
in California in connection with the
Communist manifesto of 1848.
With pick and shovel and the pan
with which men washed gravel from
gold, did not men work long hours
then for a meager return, or none?
Did they not sleep in filthy cabins,
live on jerked meat, and were cov-
ered with lice?
If you saw that great motion pic-
ture, The Covered Wagon, you will
recall, the scenes of terrible toll,
men and women and children pull-
ing the wagons across rivers, and
the trackless desert, and over the
Continental Divide. Families, on
foot, pushed hand carts from the
Mississippi to Salt Lake.
Yet were those conditions due
to greed and exploitation? No:
they were working for themselves.
What was wrong? Poor tools. The
plow of the pioneer was a wooden
plow, constantly needing repair. In
a newspaper yesterday, I saw a pic-
ture of a wooden plow used in
Greece today.
Up in Vermont where I was
raised, on land then worth $2 an
acre, a man back in my great grand-
father's time dug some iron ore out
of a hill. He put 100 pounds in a
bag on his back and walked 80 miles
through the wilderness to sell it to
an iron foundry in Troy, N. Y., and
then walked home — an infinite ex-
penditure of human energy for an
insignificant return.
What was wrong? Greed? Ex-
ploitation? The class struggle? No.
He was working for himself. There
was no relationship of employer
and employe. No one was stealing
the surplus product of his labor.
He got all of it — and it was little,
indeed.
What was wrong? Why did he
have to work so hard for so little?
Poor tools. Today the steam engine,
in the form of the modern locomo-
tive could move his 100 pounds of
iron ore 80 miles for 4 cents — or a
ton, 1 mile, for 1 cent. Railroads,
paved highways, motor trucks, and
automobiles have solved his prob-
lem, and will do it even better in
the days to come if we stay Ameri-
can.
12
THE CARPENTER
Let us say that James Watt, and
the man who financed him, were not
humanitarians. Let us say they put
their brains and money together in
a common enterprise for the profit
motive. What of it? Was the re-
sult good or bad? Did they take
the women out of the coal mines,
or did Karl Marx with his gospel
of hate and class struggle?
What did the profit motive do?
It made Watt and his partner, and
all who followed them, work to
make better engines and offer them
at a lower price to get the market
from their competitors.
Was the result good or bad? The
profit motive is just as honorable
and useful to mankind as the wage
motive. Both can be pushed to ex-
cess. But, both do infinite good.
The wage motive prompts men
to become skilled and efficient so
they can produce more and earn
more, and because they do, all of
mankind benefits.
The profit motive prompts men to
make better tools, to cut costs, to
sell cheaper, and again all of man-
kind benefits.
The radio, that sold only 25 years
ago for S300, now sells for S30, or
less, and a better radio.
Has the result of the competitive
struggle in the world of radio been
good or bad? The result has been
good — humanitarian, if you please.
It brings the news of the world,
good music, and discussion of pub-
lic affairs to the remotest farm-
house, to people on their sickbeds.
It was not many centuries ago when
starvation was a common occur-
rence, even where 90 per cent of the
people lived on land — -even in Eng-
land.
Was the conquest of starvation a
humanitarian thing:? What con-
quered it? \\ "ho conquered it? Karl
Marx? Xo.
The time in the field required to
raise a bushel of wheat in America
has gone down from 60 hours of
human labor in 1830 to 2 hours or
less in 1930. What did it? The steel
plow, the tractor, the harvester, bet-
ter seed, the conquest of insects and
plant diseases, and cheap transpor-
tation. American wheat now feeds
millions today in the Europe that
is adopting the philosophv of Karl
Marx.
Aluminium was so expensive in
1870 that Xapoleon III of France
had an aluminum table set for state
dinners, more valuable than gold.
Today aluminum is found in the
American kitchen.
Xo. my friends; Karl Marx did
not have the answer. He lifted no
burdens from human backs. The
answer is free enterprise, kept com-
petitive by antitrust and other laws.
The answer is not in the class strug-
gle. The answer is in the coopera-
tion of the inventor and investor,
and manager and the worker with
his '"know how.'' The answer is
constitutional liberty, which sets
men free and says that what any
man honestly makes is his ''to have
and to hold."
Wages can be paid only out of the
product, and the larger the produc-
tion the higher the wage. The more
money that is invested in horse-
power and equipment the more capi-
tal that is put to work, the less
children and women and men have
to work at killing toil.
Let's not divide mankind today
in the struggle of classes: Let's
unite men. In union there is
strength. In harmony there is hope.
Cooperation is Uncle Sam's middle
name.
13
Canada Eyes Mechanization
* *
"VVER SINCE the end of the war Canada has been concerned with its
future economic development and growth. Among the issues very
definitely involved is that of immigration. There are advocates of
greatly increased immigration, and there are advocates of continued
limited importation of foreign families and foreign workers.
At a recent meeting of the Standing Committee on Immigration and
Labor, S. W. Fairweather, vice president of the Canadian National Rail-
ways, presented a brief that is well worth reading. He theorized that
mechanization rather than increase in working force holds the answer.
"Increase in population should not be at the expense of a decrease in the
standard of living," is the basis of his argument which we herewith reprint:
"I recall in the years preceding
the war the dearth of workmen
trained in some precision operations
— more particularly in mechanical
lines — the few localities in which
training workers in such lines were
to be found and the full absorption
of the few that were available. Our
Canadian industry was in some
measure still in its apprentice years
with production in many lines out
of balance with demand. The war
industries, regrettable as their ne-
cessity has been, have, in an impor-
tant measure, developed these skills
to a point where the products of
Canadian workmanship have in
many lines equalled, if not surpass-
ed in quality, those of foreign coun-
tries of long industrial experience.
It has been reported that the best
small arms ammunition produced by
any of the allied countries was made
in a Canadian arsenal employing
men and women many of whom had
little or no previous industrial ex-
perience. The personnel of one of
our largest plants producing guns
was in large part recruited from a
farming population, many of whom
have resumed that occupation. In
addition, particularly in the mechan-
ical, electrical and chemical fields,
Canada produced in wartime many
lines that her normal production
would never have visualized. This
new Canadian industrial versatility
has been further enhanced by the
release into productive and techni-
cal pursuits of the returned man
whose intensive war training has
developed skills and aptitudes that
cannot fail of effect on Canadian
production, while those who have
elected post-war retraining in our
schools and universities will soon
make their technically-trained
weight felt in Canadian industry
and commerce.
"The trend is increasingly toward
a broader production; a widening
in our lines of consumers' goods for
export, and increasingly diversified
production. While Canada with her
wheat, her lumber, her base metals
and other mineral products will con-
tinue to be a heavy exporter of raw
materials, her progress in their con-
version to consumers' goods will
increase.
14
THE CARPENTER
"On the other hand, employment
in the basic agricultural and other
extractive industries, i. e., mining,
lumbering, etc., has fallen out of
line with production in those fields.
In agriculture, for instance, the
rapid increase in the use of im-
proved and more efficient agricul-
tural machinery; extension of the
use of fertilizer and pest controls;
improvements in agricultural meth-
ods and the introduction of grain
and other seeds and plant strains
better adapted to Canadian condi-
tions, increasingly tend to raise
production not only per unit of em-
ployment but per unit of land occu-
pation. The size of the farm in-
creases and the farm employment
and occupation declines. This is
already apparent in parts of West-
ern. Canada where the population
has been falling off in the face of
normal if not increased agricultural
production. The same trend may be
observed in metal mining, lumber-
ing and fishing where production
per unit of employment is trending
upward due to increasing mechan-
ization and improved techniques.
The result is what might well be
expected — not only have workers in
war industries drawn from agricul-
ture and other extractive employ-
ment been inclined to continue in
industry and to reestablish them-
selves in industrial areas but there
has been a noticeable shift of popu-
lation to industrial cities marked
by declines in rural population.
"What I wish to make clear is
that this decline is not accompanied
by a falling off in agricultural and
other extractive production. The
fact is that the basic extractive in-
dustries increasingly tend to pro-
duce more with less people.
"Studies looking to the formation
of an immigration policy, from this
viewpoint, seek an answer- to the
following questions:
"Should we move to increase agri-
cultural population to the limit of
available land with corresponding
extensions of railway and highway
facilities?
"Will the world economy admit
of profitable future markets for in-
creased grain production?
"What agricultural products
might replace a declining world de-
mand for Canadian grain?
"What should be the optimum
population for Canada?
"I must confess that I have not
got the answer to these questions
but I would submit that any large
increase in our agricultural popula-
tion must visualize the extension of
agricultural settlement in sections
that in our current economy can
only be regarded as marginal. The
better lands, as developed, will con-
tinue to be merged into larger units
adapted to operation on a more
economical scale, with a small pro-
portion of farmers falling back
through less favorable situations, to
the point of subsistence farming.
"It is true that a great part of the
world's agriculture is conducted on
a subsistence basis ; the question is
how far can Canada go in this di-
rection and still maintain the stand-
ards of human values and culture
that combine to promote national
greatness.
"The railway's interest in immi-
gration lies in the prospect of in-
creased gross and net revenue. The
railway can have little interest in
immigrants who would carry on at
subsistence level. The average per
capita gross earnings of Canadian
railways lies between $50 and $70
per year, of which from $10 to $15
remains after payment of operating
THE CARPENTER
15
expenses. Inferentially, immigra-
tion leads to increased business
activity and more traffic for the rail-
way. More traffic, however, under
average conditions, means that more
capital must be invested in the rail-
way for additional facilities, and
possibly for branch line extensions.
These economic factors set limits to
the value of immigration to rail-
ways, because if it is assumed that
the average immigrant is as produc-
tive as the average Canadian, the
amount of capital which the railway
could justifiably spend per immi-
grant is $150.00 to $175.00. If more
than this amount is expended, the
railway industry would be adverse-
ly affected. In contrast to these fig-
ures it might be pointed out that
the present investment per capita on
Canadian railways is $274.00.
"The point I wish to make is that
to be beneficial to the railway indus-
try, a high level of productivity is
needed. This high level of produc-
tivity can only be attained by mech-
anization. As has been pointed out
earlier in this memorandum, mech-
anization has been progressing at a
rapid rate in Canada, and in the
primary and extractive industries
we probably produce as much per
capita as any country in the world.
The process is continuing. Each
year sees advances. The agricul-
tural, lumbering and mining indus-
tries, and more latterly the fishing
industry, are becoming increasingly
mechanized. One of the results is
to produce a condition which is the
equivalent of immigration at the
rate of about 250,000 people per
year. We can see the social effect
of this trend in the reduction in
rural and an increase in urban popu-
lation. We can see it too in the de-
pendence of our economy on for-
eign trade. I read recently that one
job in ten in the United States was
dependent upon that country's for-
eign trade. The corresponding fig-
ure in Canada is more nearly one
job in three.
If we consider the problem of im-
migration in relation to opportunity
for trade expansion and of standard
of living some doubts arise as to the
timing of immigration. We must re-
member that a program of mechan-
ization is probably the most efficient
means of raising our production.
Markets for the increased produc-
tion from this source must be found
or, as an alternative, there must be
emigration or a decrease in employ-
ment. I repeat, the effect of mech-
anization is the equivalent of 250,000
immigrants per }^ear. If markets
can be found at a more rapid rate
than the increased production so
created, then immigration would aid
and assist in a further increase in
the standard of living, otherwise
not. It is in the mechanization of
the primary and extractive indus-
tries of Canada that I find the an-
swer to the comparatively slow
growth in the population of Canada
and to the fact that notwithstand-
ing immigration there has been also
emigration. Believing as I do that
the measure of human progress is
not mere numbers but an increased
standard of living, I do not con-
sider this situation as an unfortu-
nate one. Canada is a land of great
opportunity. She may be expected
to increase substantially in popula-
tion, and I should hope that this
increase in population would not be
at the expense of a decrease in the
standard of living. This objective
can only be reached if we continue
as in the past to use applied science
to minimize human labor and substi-
tute for it the power of the ma-
chine."
Editorial
The Wrong Approach
As will be noted elsewhere in this Journal, the General Officers of
our Brotherhood have complied with the provisions of the Taft-Hartley
Act by filing affidavits with the National Labor Relations Board to the
effect that they are not members of the Communist Party or any other
group seeking overthrow of the United States government. While our
officers were happy enough to sign the affidavits, the idea of requiring
them to do so is a little bit on the ludicrous side since individually and
collectively they have been opposing Communism and all other sub-
versive philosophies for many years.
The idea is even more ludicrous when one considers that the law was
written by Congressmen who have known Communists sitting in their
midst, because members of Congress are not required to fill out similar
affidavits. The affidavits are sent to a government agency whose employes
do not have to take a similar oath of loyalty. The}^ are worked over and
catalogued and filed by people who never swore before a notary public
that they are not members of the Communist Party. Certainly all this
hangs the taint of class legislation on the Taft-Hartley Act.
But the ludicrousness of the Act does not end there, for it even goes
a. long step toward defeating its avowed purpose of containing the Com-
munists in the labor movement. For years our Brotherhood and most
AFL, unions have waged a relentless war on Communists. In order to
become a member of our Brotherhood, a candidate for the past twenty
years, has had to swear that he is not and has not been a member of the
Communist Party or any other revolutionary organization. Whenever and
wherever we have found one in our midst we have given him short shrift.
We have not only thrown him out of our organization but we have run him
out of the industry as well.
Now the Taft-Hartley Act, supposedly an instrument for stopping
Communism in labor, says we cannot do that any more. If we find a Red
in our midst we can throw him out of our organization but we cannot run
him off the job because the Act says that the employer can discharge a
man at the request of a union only for non-payment of dues. In other
words, the Act theoretically says we must work side by side with Com-
munists— something we never did when our anti-Red campaign rested in
our own hands.
To anyone who knows the first thing about the Communist movement
in America it is no secret that organizations like the Brotherhood of
Carpenters have done more to combat Stalinism in this country than any
other group, not excluding the FBI. Bill Hutcheson has probably thrown
THE CARPENTER 17
more sand into the wheels of U.S. Communism than any other one indi-
vidual in the nation. To require a man like him to sign an affidavit stating
he is not a Communist is a little bit like requiring the President of the
United States to swear he is not unemployed.
After all, our Brotherhood was concerned about Communists twenty-
five years ago. We realized then that they constituted a serious threat to
all free institutions in America, and we began formulating a program to
clean them out of our ranks. Now, all of a sudden, Congress wakes up to
the fact that Communism is a menace, and the result is hasty, almost
hysterical legislation aimed at crippling all labor. Thereby a good deal is
explained.
The Congressional approach to Communism is academic and theoret-
ical; the union approach is realistic and two-fisted. Having no practical
experience with the ways of Communists, Congressmen think in terms
of legislative restraints and legalistic wrist-clappings; the unions, on
the other hand, having had to contend for years with the disruption, deceit
and character-assassination that the Communists use as their stock in trade,
think in hard, realistic terms. They know that the way to deal with Reds
is not with the velvet glove but with the brass knuckle. Experience has
proved that this is the right system.
In this nation there is no greater bulwark against Communism than
labor organizations such as our Brotherhood. That the Reds have not
made greater inroads into American industry is due largely to the realistic
fight that unions such as our Brotherhood have made against them. Yet
Congress has seen fit to pass the Taft-Hartley Bill which deals a body blow
to all organized labor. Such folly can lead to disaster.
Where the Shoe Really Fits
Of all the propaganda used by employers' associations to discredit
organized labor, the charge of "featherbedding" has been one of the most
successful in building up resentment against unionism. The way the NAM
and other employer groups have been telling it, organized labor is shot
through and through with all kinds of featherbedding rules that increase
manufacturing and building costs to prohibitive levels. Year in and year
out they have repeated the same story over and over until a large part of
the general public believes it. Yet what are the facts?
Exactly one union was accused of featherbedding in Congress during
the time hearings on the Taft-Hartley Bill were in progress. Not even this
case was actually proven. However, featherbedding was used as one of the
main excuses by the 8oth Congress for passing the Taft-Hartley Bill. A
Congressional committee worded it thus :
"An attempt is made to deal with a problem that is becoming a more
and more serious menace to the productivity of our country and to the
manufacture of goods at a cost within the reach of millions of our
citizens."
18 THE CARPENTER
Brave words, these. Noble words, too, — if they only meant what" they
said. But let us take a look at what these philanthropic Congressmen who
worried so much about the cost of commodities getting out of line actually
did.
They voted to reduce corporation taxes by billions, thereby shifting
the load to the common people.
They voted out price controls with the assurance that prices would
drop as soon as free enterprise was given a free rein.
By Congressional authorization, thousands of foreign farm workers
have been imported year after year at a cost of two dollars per head per
day to you and me. These foreign workers did not benefit the genuine
farmers; they went to the land holders of the vast farm corporations who
derived the benefit of the millions you and I had to underwrite to bring
them here.
By Congressional action $63,000,000 of taxpayers' money was doled
out to wool growers last 37ear to keep prices up.
Over $80,000,000 was similarly handed out to potato producers to
enable them to keep prices up because a bumper crop was threatening
to bring the price down to where you and I could afford to eat them.
During the war and ever since, millions upon millions have been handed
out to manufacturers and corporations in the form of subsidies and debt
reductions.
All these things swelled the profits of the corporations and increased
the* prices we have to pay for commodities. Lumped together these things
represent billions of dollars worth of featherbedding for big business.
Yet this same Congress used the excuse of "featherbedding"' in organ-
ized labor to pass the vicious Taft-Hartley Bill which points a dagger at
the very heart of unionism.
As we pointed out in last month's issue, estimated corporation profits
for the first half of this year are close to nine billion dollars. This is
more than any one full year's profits for any year prior to 1941. At the
present rate, profits for 1947 will more than double 1929 profits, and 1929
has long been considered the boom year of all time.
And it is no exaggeration to say that these lush profits are mostly
the result of featherbedding legislation passed by Congress for the benefit
of big business. Still Congress has had the effrontry to place legislative
shackles on organized labor because "featherbedding" is a threat "to the
manufacturer of goods at a cost within the reach of millions of our citi-
zens". Any featherbedding that may exist within organized labor is not
two mills on the dollar compared to the lush handouts Congress has
passed out to big business in recent months. If featherbedding needs cor-
recting, it is the featherbedding Congress has recently indulged in on
behalf of bigger and fatter corporation profits.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HTJTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General Vice-President General Secretary
M. A. HTJTCHESON FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind. Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President General Treasurer
JOHN R. STEVENSON S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind. Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind,
General Executive Board
First District. CHARLES JOHNSON, JR. ' Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
111 E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y. 3819 Cuming St., Omaha, Nebr.
Second District, WM. J. KELLY Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Carpenters' Bldg., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland, O. 3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District, ROLAND ADAMS WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
712 West Palmetto St., Florence, S. C. FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
Attention Financial Secretaries!
With the introduction of the new quarterly account sheets, a few
Financial Secretaries have apparently become confused as to the proper
manner of reporting members who have fallen in arrears, quit or resigned.
A member must not be listed as in arrears, quit or resigned until he
owes three months dues or a sum equal thereto. To do otherwise is to
act contrary to the General Laws of the Brotherhood. Financial Secre-
taries in doubt should read Section 45, Paragraph A and B, of our General
Laws.
Notice to Recording Secretaries
The quarterly circular for the months of October, November and De-
cember, 1947, containing the quarterly password, has been forwarded to
all Local Unions of the United Brotherhood. Recording Secretaries not in
receipt of this circular should notify Frank Duffy, Carpenters' Building,
Indianapolis, Indiana.
DOING IT THE HARD WAY
Maybe it is only the excessive heat
playing hob with our imagination, but
from where we sit it looks as though
this summer has brought forth an extra
heavy rash of "public opinion" polls. It
is hardly possible to pick up a paper
these days without having a "survey"
of one kind or another hitting you in
the eye.
For some things these "polls" may
be all right, but mostly we take them
with a liberal dose of salt. Time and
again, in labor matters they have proved
to be untrustworthy. Questions they
have asked have been leading, biased
and loaded. And the conclusions they
have drawn have been as erratic.
Whenever we hear of a "public opin-
ion" poll, we are always reminded of
the old lady who was passing an insane
asylum. Seeing an inmate on the porch,
she asked him what time it was. The
inmate pulled out a sun dial, a slide
rule, a compass, a couple of T squares,
and a barometer. After a few moments
of concentration, he announced the time
as ••4:17.
"Wonderful," exclaimed the woman,
"but what do you do when it is raining
and the sun doesn't show?
"Oh, in that case," replied the inmate
soberly, "I just look at my watch."
We got married last night after a
party and I icanna see if I need glasses 1
GETTING MIGHTY ROUGH
Even the publications which speak for
big business are getting embarrassed at
the size of the profits which corpora-
tions are now piling up. Nevertheless,
price increases are once more being
tacked on all along the line. According
to one publication, second quarter pro-
fits are 84% above profits for the same
period last year. During this time, of
course, the Taft-Hartley Bill was not yet
in effect. Business was at the "mercy"
of the powerful unions which were
squeezing the life's blood out of them.
That is why they had to have the Taft-
Hartley Bill to protect them.
The way the purchasing power of
the pay envelope is going down while
prices are going up, reminds us of the
aviator who had to bail out. Floating to
earth in his parachute, he was amazed
to pass another man in a parachute
going up. Before he could give voice to
his amazement, the other fellow called
out: "Don't get alarmed, Bub, mine's
a tent. It's windy down there."
PERTINENT SUGGESTION
As the various branches of UNO
struggle valiantly to bring some kind
of order out of the chaos the war creat-
ed in Europe, and as the various other
peace delegations tackle the difficult
problems of writing some kind of a
durable and just treaty, our thoughts
keep reverting to the shiny promises
contained in the Atlantic Charter, the
Potsdam Agreement, the Yalta Agree-
ment and all the other bright and
shiny pipe-dreams that were to guaran-
tee peace on earth and goodwill toward
men. They promised so much and are
delivering so little.
And somehow or other there comes
to mind the comment of the farmer who
clipped a coupon and sent for a book
on "How to Grow Tomatoes." After
looking it over for a couple of nights he
wrote the publisher as follows:
"The guy which writ the ad shoulda'
writ the book."
THE CARPENTER
21
SLIGHTLY INCRIMINATING
At least one Senator who has had a
chance to talk to his constituents after
casting his vote for the Taft-Hartley
Bill now seems a little perturbed by his
act. He is Senator Cain of Washington,
who now appears to have some doubts
about the measure as well as some in-
volved explanations as to how he came
to vote for it. To us, it all seems a
bit like a story a certain business agent
used to tell.
One day it was discovered that a sum-
mer cottage up the canyon from a small
Colorado mining town had been entered
and pretty well cleaned out. About the
only evidence left by the burglar was
a lone overshoe. Suspicion finally nar-
rowed down to a local character of un-
certain habits, and enough circumstan-
tial evidence was present to result in in-
dictment. He demanded and got a jury
trial. The prosecution's only tangible
evidence was the overshoe, marked ex-
hibit A. It was shown that it would fit
the shoe of the accused. In spite of a
vigorously prosecuted trial, however,
and to the astonishment of the whole
community, the twelve good men re-
turned a verdict of not guilty.
"When the judge had dismissed the
jury and freed the prisoner, the latter
suddenly said, "Your Honor, iff'n it's
all right, and the prosecutor don't need
it no more, can I have my overshoe
back?"
WASTED EFFORT
Recently three top-flight U.S. Com-
munists were convicted on charges of
being in contempt of Congress. The
charges were the outgrowth of the fail-
ure of the three to testify before Con-
gressional Committees when called on
to do so.
However, the interesting sidelight to
the whole affair is the desperate but
futile efforts the Reds made to get the
trials postponed or kicked out of court.
As much as $100,000 was supposedly
offered to various prominent attorneys
to try to induce them to protect the
three men under indictment. And of
course the usual smear tactics and char-
acter assassinations were also tried.
But it all went for naught. The trials
were held and the men convicted.
The futile efforts of the Reds to save
their comrades sort of reminded us of
the farm boy who came in one night
all tuckered out.
"What wearied you so, Son?"- asked
his solicitous mother.
"Well, you see," explained the boy,
"Pa's been a-settin' out fence posts, an'
I'm jest five feet tall. So I been a-
layin' down an' a-gettin' up an' a-layin'
down an' a-gettin' up all round his forty
acre field, so's he could measure them
posts ten feet apart."
NO SUCH ANIMAL
Almost one-third of American work-
ers' families are dipping into their sav-
ings because take-home wages are not
high enough to make ends meet, a re-
port by the Federal Reserve Board indi-
cates.
About the only comment we can
make is that if the other two-thirds of
U.S. workers' families are not tapping
their savings once in awhile it is be-
cause they do not have any.
STILL A POWERFUL FORCE
According to a scientific digest, man
is about to bring the atom under con-
trol. A new machine which can regulate
the rate at which atoms can be split is
nearly perfected, the magazine claims.
If true, the report is very interesting.
But we sincerely hope man has better
luck with atom splitting than he had
with Adam splitting. The first Adam
splitting gave us Eve — a force which
man still has not been able to control.
Okay, Boss. What comes after "Dear
Sir"?
Jin fflltm&vi&m
Not lost to those that love them, They still live in our memory,
Not dead, just gone before; And will forever more
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother SIMON H. AARDEMA, Local No. 396, Newport News, Va.
Brother THOS. ANDERSON, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother ALEXANDER ARRO, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother RANDOLPH R. ATKINSON, Local No. 2159, Cleveland, Ohio
Brother EUGENE BAILEY, Local No. 132, Washington, D. C.
Brother F. E. BARNETT, Local No. 184, Salt Lake City, Utah
Brother JOHN BARTNIKOWSKI, Local No. 2194, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother JOHN BERTLEFF, Local No. 419, Chicago, III.
Brother DANIEL H. BLACKWELL, Local No. 1296, San Diego, Cal.
Brother MAX BUNXEL, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother E. S. CAMPBELL, Sr., Local No. 132, Washington, D. C.
Brother HYMAN COHEN, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother JOSEPH D'ANGELO, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother OLIVER DEE, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother A. FOYSTON, Local No. 1244, Montreal, Que., Can.
Brother JOHN DE FREYTAS, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother JOHN J. GILLIS, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother F. L. GREEN, Local No. 44, Urbana, III.
Brother PAUL HABERLAND, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother R. T. HARRISON, Local No. 184, Salt Lake City, Utah
Brother C. E. HIGHTOWER, Local No. 1723, Columbus, Ga.
Brother THEODORE HOFMAN, Local No. 1602, Cincinnati, Ohio
Brother WILLIAM HUBER, Local No. 132, Washington, D. C.
Brother MIKE JIRAVA, Local No. 1260, Iowa City, Iowa
Brother GEORGE JUERGENS, Local No. 1602, Cincinnati, Ohio
Brother ED. KARJELAINEN, Local No. 1244, Montreal, Que., Can.
Brother H. KOLEMAINEN, Local No. 1244, Montreal, Que., Can.
Brother VITAL LaCHAPELLE, Local No. 93, Ottawa, Ont., Can.
Brother HARRY M. LARKIN, Local No. 747, Oswego, N. Y.
Brother CHARLES H. LINDNER, Local No. 101, Baltimore, Md.
Brother NORMAN R. McLEOD, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother DANIEL McRAE, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
Brother ERIC ORMAN, Local No. 787, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother EDWARD E. PERRY, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother ADOLPH G. PRIEBER, Local No. 101, Baltimore, Md.
Brother E. B. RICHARDSON, Local No. 734, Kokomo, Ind.
Brother JOHN RONAN, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother WILLIAM N. SMITH, Local No. 396, Newport News, Va.
Brother J. SPRACKLIN, Local No. 1244, Montreal, Que., Can.
Brother STANLEY SPRENGER, Local No. 2194, Philadelphia, Pa.
Brother PETER S. STEENSON, Local No. 67, Roxbury, Mass.
Brother JOHN SUPER, Local No. 59, Lancaster, Pa.
Brother DEXTER TAYLOR, Local No. 1602, Cincinnati, Ohio
Brother JOHN VOEGELI, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
Brother FRED WIEGEL, Local No. 980, Chicago, III.
Brother JOHN T. YANCY, Local No. 1723, Columbus, Ga.
CorrQspondQncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
METROPOLITAN COUNCIL HOLDS GROUP INITIATION
In the presence of a distinguished group of members and guests, the Metro-
politan District Council, Philadelphia, Pa., on the night of Thursday, August 21,
in a solemn and inspiring ceremony, initiated into the Brotherhood some 300 wood-
working, mill, and carpenter apprentices. The group initiation was held in the
Crystal Room of the Broadwood Hotel. General Representative William O. Blaier
acted as installing officer and master of ceremonies for the evening.
Members, guests and candidates sat down to a fine dinner as the evening's
activities opened. Council President Richard O'Driscoll called the session to order
with the pledge of allegiance to the flag, participated in by all in a very impressive
manner. At the conclusion of the dinner, installing officer Blaier asked the 300
neophytes to rise, thereupon in one of the most effective installation ceremonies
ever witnessed in Philadelphia he obligated them into the Brotherhood.
M. A. Hutcheson, First General Vice-President of the United Brotherhood, who
was delayed due to late arrival of the plane, welcomed the new members into the
United Brotherhood and in a brief address outlined the many advantages and
opportunities that are available to the competent mechanic.
Other Speakers included: General Executive Board Member Kelly; Charles
Hanson, President of New York District Council; Charles Schwertner, Builders'
Association; J. W. Currinder, Director, Veterans Vocational Training; Edward
Finney, President State Council of Carpenters; R. Rajoppi, President and N. J.
Cantwell, Secretary New Jersey State Council; Edward A. Kane, Senior Business
Representative of the Metropolitan District Council and Vice-President, Pennsyl-
vania State Federation of Labor; M. M. Hanson, Assistant Director of Apprentice-
ship Training; and James L. McDevitt, President, Pennsylvania Federation of
Labor.
The Metropolitan District Council is proud of its new group of apprentices —
ninety-five per cent of whom are veterans. They are the men on whom, in the days
to come, the responsibilities of leadership not only in our Brotherhood but also in
community, state and national affairs will fall. They will not be found wanting.
NEW LONDON LOCAL. CELEBRATES 40th BIRTHDAY
More than 500 members, friends, and guests of Local Union No. 30, New Lon-
don, Conn., jammed the recreation building at Ocean Park on the night of July
26th when the Union celebrated the fortieth anniversary of its chartering. Those
in attendance enjoyed not only a first-class banquet but also a number of inspiring
and educational addresses.
Heading the list of special guests, was General Executive Board Member
Charles Johnson, Jr., who predicted that the Taft-Hartley Act, "a law passed in a
moment of hysteria," will disappear from the statute books as surely as did Pro-
hibition, another act "a large part of the people did not want or appreciate."
Other speakers included Rev. John J. Finn of St. Mary's Church; Joseph M.
Rourke, secretary-treasurer of the Connecticut Federation of Labor; Robert J.
Sullivan, president of the New London Contractors Association; Mayor Fred Ben-
venuti; and General Representative William J. Sullivan.
During the evening, a short history of organizing activities of New London
carpenters, prepared by General Secretary Frank Duffy, was read. First efforts
to build a carpenters' union in New London took place in the year 18 86 when
Local Union No. 178 was chartered. This union lapsed in a few years owing to
hard times. In 1898, Local No. 133 was formed and in 1905 Local No. 1411 was
24
THE CARPENTER
also chartered. Two years later, on February 25, 1907, these two organizations
were consolidated to form Local Union No. 30. Ever since, Local Union No. 30 has
played a prominent role in the advancements made by both the Brotherhood and
the trade of carpentry.
During the past forty years Local Union No. 30, through wars and peace,
through good times and, bad, has struggled constantly to build the community, ele-
vate the standards of the trade, and improve the lot of those who work with their
hands for a living.
SHEFFIELD HONORS FIRST GI APPRENTICE GRADUATE
Carpenters' Local Union 109 and the Tennessee Valley Authority awarded a
journeyman's certificate to William J. Brink in ceremonies held in the Carpenters'
Office, Sheffield, Alabama. He is the first
carpenter apprentice of Local Union 109 in
the employ of the Tennessee Valley Au-
thority at Wilson Dam, Alabama to gradu-
ate after taking training under the GI
Bill of Rights.
Mr. Brink entered the United States
Navy November 14, 1942 and was dis-
charged October 24, 1945, having seen ac-
tive duty with the naval forces in both
the Atlantic and Pacific theaters. Mr.
Brink was in the employ of the Tennessee
Valley Authority in the training program
at the time of his entry into military serv-
ice. Having served with distinction and
returning with an honorable discharge, he re-entered the employ of the Tennessee
Valley Authority and took up his training for carpenter under the GI Bill.
At the ceremonies at which the certificate was awarded, reading from left to
right were: J. S. Speer, field representative of the Federal Apprenticeship Com-
mittee; R. B. Puryear, Jr., training officer of Tennessee Valley Authority; Mr.
Brink; S. T. Ingram, president of Local Union 109; Morton E. Crist, financial
secretary-business manager and Henry E. England, steward of Carpenters' Local
Union of Sheffield.
SOUTH SHORE COUNCIL HONORS TWO OLD TIMERS
The delegates to the South Shore District Council of Massachusetts, gathered
together for their annual meeting last month, paid special tribute to two old
timers with a fine lobster supper at the Kimball Lobster House. The District
Council was chartered in 1903. Even before that time, Brothers Howard Inman
and Fred Corthell were active in the affairs of the Carpenters Committee of the
South Shore, forerunner of the District Council. As founder-members of the Dis-
trict Council, their enthusiasm and zeal soon elevated them to offices in the organ-
ization. In the forty-four ensuing years they have continued to give their best to
the organization they helped so much to build. They have been active delegates
and committee members right up until the time of their retirement this year.
President Karle Lovell welcomed the delegates and the two honored guests. In
a brief address he reviewed the prominent part these two stalwarts played in the
progress made down the years.
John W. Knox, Business Agent for the Council, also paid a fine tribute to the
help and assistance Brothers Inman and Corthell have rendered year in and year
out. On behalf of the Council he presented to each of them an engraved testimonial
and life-membership certificate, plus a gold ring with the Carpenters Emblem
suitably inscribed. The assembly joined him in wishing them both many happy
years to enjoy the fruits of their labors.
The Council's annual meeting closed on a fine note of harmony and cooperation
with all prospects pointing to another year of healthy activity and progress.
SAN PEDRO AUXILIARY DOES MANY GOOD DEEDS
The Editor:
We, the members of Ladies' Auxiliary No. 130, San Pedro, California, would
like the rest of the world to know what we, as a group, are doing and have done in
the past year. We have at the present time some thirty members; around seven-
teen of them being active in the work. Although we are few in number, we have
built up our treasury and we are hoping to keep a nice sum ahead for our worth-
while civic and charitable activities.
At Christmas time last year we raffled off a quilt which was donated by our
president and quilted by one of our members. The proceeds of the quilt — well
over $100 — was added to our charity fund with which we take care of a ward for
aged ladies at the Torrance-California City Hospital. We have installed a radio
in the ward and a committee is on the job twice a month seeing that the needs of
the inmates are satisfied and that a little sunshine and a few gifts are scattered
among the thirty old ladies.
We also sponsor a group of Blue Birds, one of our members being the personal
sponsor to the group. Most of our money is made from the sale of greeting cards
and gift wrapping papers — a project that has been a great success.
We have sent books and money to the Home at Lakeland and we have sup-
ported many other worthy causes. Recently we bought a piano for use in our
hall. One and all we try to show the rest of the world what a grand thing unions
are and what unhappy conditions would prevail without them.
Fraternally, A. Jonto, Rec. Sec.
COLORADO SPRINGS LADIES BOAST MANY ACTIVITIES
The Editor:
Greetings from Ladies Auxiliary No. 203, Colorado Springs, Colorado.
In the past we have enjoyed your letters and ideas from the many other Aux-
iliaries across the country, and we now want the ladies to know what we in Colo-
rado Springs have been doing for the good of the order.
In January we hold our annual dinner for our husbands and families; after
which we have an evening of entertainment in which all participate. Following our
evening meetings we entertain our families with bingo, quiz programs, cards,
dances, and various other forms of fun.
In July we hold our annual picnic for our families. Each family brings its
own basket dinner and we of the Auxiliary furnish drinks and desserts. We usually
wind up the picnic with an old-fashioned community sing with every body joining
in. At Christmas time we have a party where the children put on the program
and where Santa Claus shows up with treats for all. A dance follows for all Car-
penters and their families.
Our Auxiliary holds monthly luncheons and teas, after which we sponsor vari-
ous forms of entertainment. We hold white elephant auctions and the proceeds go
into our treasury. This last month we held a Tom Brenneman Hat Show from
which we received a good deal of favorable publicity and comment.
We would welcome letters and new money-making ideas for future use from
any sister Auxiliaries. We also welcome any Auxiliary members who might be
visiting in the Pike's Peak region to be our guests.
Fraternally, Doris Bedient, Rec. Sec.
Craft Probloms
| /:, i ■■
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 229
By H. H. Siegele
In the last several decades there has
been a marked change in the ways and
means of surfacing floors and finish
material. When this writer started as
an apprentice carpenter a gTeat deal
of -fie finish lumber was surfaced on the
bench. First the plane was used, then
the finger scraper, and after that the
Fig. 1
smoothing up of the surface was done
with sandpaper. But the present day
carpenter, when it comes to finishing,
dees not hare to do much of that kind
of work. He finds most of the finish-
ing material when it comes from the
mills ready to put on. Surfacing with
the plane, finger scraper and sandpaper,
is the exception to the rule, so far as
finish lumber is concerned.
In much the same way floor surfacing
has been taken over almost completely
by the floor surfacing machine, or floor
sander. Hand surfacing, if it is done
at all in these days, is done around
the edges or in places where it is im-
possible to work with the machine, or
perhaps on small jobs that do not just-
Tig.
ify bringing a floor sander on the job.
Not withstanding all of these revolu-
ary changes in regard to surfacing
floors and finish material, every carp-
enter sooner or later will have to do
some of this work by hand. It is those
exceptions that make it necessary for
Fij
him to know all he can about surfacing
finish material and floors.
Fig. 1 show; a sort of symbol of a
floor surfacing machine. No attempt
has been made to represent in any way
any part of any floor surfacing machine
that is on the market. The only reason
for the illustration is to give the stu-
dent an idea of such a machine. There
are different makes of floor sanders on
the market, and such machines are con-
stantly being improved, which makes
THE CARPENTER
27
it advisable for the prospective buyer
to examine as many of them as he can,
so that when he makes his choice it
will be for the one that will give him
the best service.
Fig. 2 shows a hand scraper that can
be used for surfacing floors or surfacing
finish lumber on the bench. It gives
excellent service, especially if the blade
is properly sharpened. In Lesson 209
the subject of sharpening scraper blades
is covered, and the student is referred
to that treatment for definite instruc-
tions on the matter.
Another good hand scraper is shown
by Fig. 3. This one is more nearly suit-
able for floor surfacing, but it gives
good results when used on the bench
for scraping finish material. It can be
adjusted to almost any position that
the workman might want, and is not
hard to pack in a tool case.
Two designs of a handy little finger
scraper that should be carried in the
be determined by the workman when
he shapes it.
Fig. 6 is a drawing of the old-fash-
ioned scraper with the two long edges
beveled with a flat file and then shar-
pened with a burnisher. This tool, al-
though rarely used today, is still a
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
legitimate tool for the finisher to carry
in his tool kit. It does not take much
room in the kit and does not. add enough
extra weight to be noticeable. But the
mechanic that knows how to sharpen a
finger scraper and how to use it, will
find it the best tool that he can use
for making an even surface — one that
won't show scraper marks after the
sandpapering has been done.
pocket of every finisher, is shown by
Fig. 4. The shape of this scraper should
be determined by the workman himself,
so that it will serve him in as many
ways as possible. At A is shown a form
with two straight edges, and different
rounded edges. The half-round dott-
ed line is a suggestion. At B a similar
scraper is shown, which has only a
short straight edge to the left. The rest
of it is made up of different round
edges, including the one shown by dott-
ed line. Below each of these are shown
edge views, giving the bevel, and by
heavier shading how the hook has been
formed with the burnisher. (See lesson
209 about forming the hook.)
Fig. 5 shows the design shown at A,
Fig. 4, giving two applications of the
scraper when used for cleaning mold-
ings. It should be remembered that the
moldings shown are small in proportion
to the size of the scraper. The purpose
here is merely to show how the scraper
blade is to be formed so that it will fit
the part of the molding it is to be used
on. The size of the scraper blade should
I—/
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. Shows an end view and a side
view of a sandpaper block. This block
is made so that one-half of a regular
sheet of sandpaper, cut lengthwise and
doubled, will cover one side of the
block, still leave enough of the sand-
paper to give a hold for the fingers.
Fig. 8 shows the same block, with
a doubled half sheet of sandpaper in
one of the slots. The paper is wrapped
around the side of the block and over
the edge, so that it can be held with
the fingers while sandpapering. The
28
THE CARPENTER
student should remember that this is
only one way of making a sandpaper
Fig. 8
block. There are other "ways, and per-
haps better ones. Every apprentice
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
ROOF FRAMING.— 175 p. and 437 U. Roof framing
complete. Other problems, including saw filing. $2.00.
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il., covering form
building, finishing, stair building, etc. $2.50.
CARPENTRY. — Has 302 p., 754 il., covering general
house carpentry, and other subjects. $2.50.
BUILDING TRADES D ICTIONARY.— Has 3S0 p.
670 il., and about 7,000 building trade terms. $3.00.
QUICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS.— Illustrated prose. Only $1.00.
Postage paid when money accompanies order.
Order
today. ■ ■■ " "" «»■-—» — — — tmpona, Kansas
FREE— With 3 books, I $1.00 hook free; with 5
books. 2 SI. 00 books free. Books autographed . . .
In quantities of 12 or more, 20% discount, f. o. b.
Chicago, Money-back guarantee.
Hu eicrri c 222so.Consf.s1
. H. blt-iaki-k. Emporia, Kansa:
should train himself to become a keen
observer, and whenever he finds a better
way than the one he is using, he should
forthwith proceed to acquire it.
Fig. 9 shows a sandpaper block made
for a special use. For instance, the
mechanic is putting on moldings and
frequently has to fix up a joint; such
a joint can hardly be made uniformly
smooth without using sandpaper. If the
workman has a block shaped to fit the
different curves of the molding he is
working with, he can do a first-class job
of fixing up the joints. At A the block
has a flat side, while at B it has a
larger half round than the one on the
other edge.
$1.25 with 7 Blades
CARPENTERS
Demand the Best The Genuine
F. P. M. SAWS AND BLADES
The Saw of Superior Quality with a National Reputation. Manu-
factured by a member of U. B. of C. & J. of A. No. 1.
If your dealer does not handle, write direct to me.
F. P. MAXSON,
Ashland Ave.
Sole
Manufacturer
CHICAGO,
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
THEY HAVE
OUR CHART Blueprint 27" X 36"
"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
to find lengths of any rafter and make its cuts;
find any angle in degrees; frame any polygon 3 to
16 sides, and cut its mitres; read board feet rafter
and brace tables, octagon scale. Gives other valu-
able information. Also includes Starting Key and
Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and cuts
into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides, makes about
13 square feet of printed data showing squares full size.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
rafter having a run of from 2 to 23 feet; longer lengths are
found by doubling. Covers 17 different pitches. Shows lengths
of hips and valleys, commons, jacks, and gives the cuts for
each pitch, also the angle in degrees and minutes. Fastest
method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
who can read numbers can use it. NOT A SLIDE RULE but
a Slide Calculator designed especially for Carpenters, Con-
tractors and Architects. Thousands in use. Price S2.00
postpaid, Check or M. O., no stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St., Div. 10, Kalamazoo 81. Mich.
NOTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All Contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Page
Burr Mfg. Co., Los Angeles, Cal. 32
Carlson Rules 29
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis, Minn. 32
J. E. Gaskill, Toledo, O 31
Greenlee Tool Co., Rockford, 111. 31
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111 32
F. P. Maxson, Chicago, 111 28
A. D. McBurney, Los Angeles, Cal. 29
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Phila-
delphia, Pa. 3rd Cover
Ohelen-Bishop, Columbus, O 30
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore 30
Sharp's Framing Square, L. L.
Crowley, Salem, Ore 4
Stanley Tools, Jlew Britain, Conn 3rd Cover
E. Weyer, New York, N. Y 30
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. 32
Carpentry Materials
The Upson Co., Lockport, N. Y. 1
Doors
Overhead Door Corp., Hartford
City, Ind. 4th Cover
Overalls
The H. D. Lee Co., Kansas City,
Mo. 30
Technical Courses and Books
American Technical Society, Chi- '
cago, 111. 31
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y. 3rd Cover
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, 111. 32
Frederick Drake & Co., Chicago,
111. . 3
Mason Engineering Service,
Kalamazoo, Mich. 28
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 29
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans 28
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo 30
LABEL of United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America
This label stands for a wage commensurate
with the labor performed, for superior workman-
ship, the mechanical training and education of
the apprentice and fair working conditions.
Be sure to see that it appears on ail store
and bar fixtures, trim, cigar boxes and beer
bottle cases and on all wood products.
— ORGANIZE —
CHANGE BLADES
IN 10 SECONDS
lUICK-CHANGE BLADES are
featured on all Carlson Rules.
CHIEF available in 6-, 8- and 10-
ft., lengths; WHITE CHIEF and
HOBBY in 6- and 8-ft. Keep a
"spare" replacement blade on hand.
SOLD BY LEADING HARDWARE DEALERS
CARLSON
STEEL TAPE RULES
White Chief Tape Lines Are Mftd Under TJ.S. Pat. 2089209
SUPER HAM-R-ADZ NO. 10
Tool steel attachment
quickly converts car-
penter's hammer into
efficient adz. Ideal for
rough framing, scaf-
folding— form build-
ing. Easy to use and
keep sharp. Fits poc-
ket. Get yours today .
SUPER STAIR GAGE NO. 49
Only .75 the pair!
A. D. McBURNEY
Again available for instant
attachment to carpenter's steel
squares. Perfect for laying
out stair stringers and other
saw cuts. Precision-made
nickel-plated steel fixtures
with brass thumb screws.
At Dealers' or Postpaid.
939 W. 6th St., Dept. C-4
LOS ANGELES 14, CAL.
STEEL SQUARE
Completely Revised
HAND
BOOK
This concise and handy little book illustrates and describes the best methods of using
the carpenter's steel square in laying out all kinds of carpentry work. It is easy to
understand as a picture of the square laying directly on the work shows exactly how the
various cuts are made. Its compact and handy size makes it convenient to carry in the
pocket for quick reference.
"For ready reference carry
this convenient 50 page
pocket size (4ix63) guide
to your job."
Postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
SEND SI. 00 TODAY
I D. A. ROGERS
5344 Clinton Avenue
Minneapolis 9, Minn.
Enclosed $1.00. Forward by return mail your Carpenters &
Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
Name Address.
I T«wd StaU
Preferred by Master Craftsmen
NO. 10
JOINTER
NO. C-6 RIP
NO. C-5
CUT-OFF
You'll get high speed production
from these circular saw leaders,
manufactured to meet the exacting
demands of carpenters and wood-
workers. Proven designs stand
up longer, cut faster and truer.
Choose from the Ohlen-Bishop
line.
OHLEN-MISHQP
906 Ingleside Ave.
Columbus 8, Ohio
Important Mrj*.
NOTICE!
At present we are unable to produce
Lee (Union-Made) Carpenters' Over-
alls because :
1.
2.
We are unable to secure the
top quality, special woven ma-
terial that goes into every pair
of Lee Carpenters' Overalls.
There are not enough skilled
operators available at present
to keep our five Lee factories
busy.
Lee Carpenters' Overalls will again be
available when we can obtain the
best quality material and when we
have sufficient skilled Union Opera-
tors to man the machines in the five
great Lee factories.
Lee is the Largest Manufacturer of
UNION-MADE Work Clothing in the World
THE H. D. LEE CO.
Kansas City, Mo. Minneapolis, Minn.
Trenton, N. J. San Francisco, Cal.
South Bend, Ind. Salina, Kans.
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $5.00,
and pay the balance of $25.00 at $5.00 per
month, making a total of $30.00 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building C, Denver 2, Colorado
nmPBEP SAW F ELI It
No*
m^
Saves You Time, Money
Now you can do expert saw filing at
borne. Lifetime tool makes precision
filing easy for even the most inexperi-
enced. Two simple adjustments make
it fit any type hand saw. Keep your
saws extra sharp and true-cutting with
■ Speed Saw Filer. Complete with file,
-eady to use. Money back guarantee.
Cash with order, prepaid. (CO.D.
postage extra.)
THE SPEED COMPANY
Depl. A 2025 N.E. Sandy, Portland 12, Or*.
ORDER TODAY!
SOLVE ROOF PROBLEMS INSTANTLY
IN TEN SECONDS!/ All 11;
lengths and cuts of rafters
for simple and hip roofs.
Just set dial to "pitch" &
"run," and the other fig-
ures show up in windows.
Unlike rafter tables, run is
-set directly in feet and in-
ches. There is no need to
adjust later for thickness
of ridge board. Cuts giv-
en in degrees and square
readings.
RAFTER DIAL $1.95 Order from-. E. Weyer, Dept. H,
P.O. Box 153, Planetarium Station, New York 24, N. Y.
p
4£/
GREENLEE 22 is a name it will pay you well to
remember whenever you buy Auger Bits. For it assures
you sharp cutting edges, accurate sizing, bright, high
finish, and that smooth, easy action so necessary in
fine craftsmanship. You can be certain, too, that every
GREENLEE 22 Solid-Center Auger Bit is "factory
sharp" when it reaches you. For each is "Plastic-
Sealed" with a special protective coating to keep it
in perfect condition for the exacting work you will
surely want to do with it. To buy top quality,
buy Greenlee.
SPECIAL OFFER .. .
ONLY 10c FOR HANDY
WOODWORKING CALCULATOR
Quick solutions to countless woodworking problems. Con-
verts linear to board feet, gives slope per foot, nail and
bit sizes, etc. 6* diameter. Send coin to Greenlee Tool Co.,
2090 Columbia Avenue, Rockford, Illinois.
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Learn to draw plans, estimate, be a lire-wire builder, da
remodeling, take contracting jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely illustrated books coyer subjects tbat will help yon
to ret more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, air-condi-
tioning, concrete forms and many other subjects are included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These books art
the most up-to-
date and complete
we hare eTer pub-
lished on then
many subjects.
BETTER JOBS - BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom is in full
swing and trained men are needed.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. These books sup-
ply quick, easily understood training and
handy, permanent reference information
that helps solve building problems.
Coupon Brings Eight Big Books For Examination
AMERICAN TECHNiCAL SOCIETY "VocatioMlTublisiiers sincTgtoT
Dept. G736 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
Tou may ship me the Up-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and if fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.00 a month, until the total
price of only $34.80 is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Name
Address
City — State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men in service, also give home address.
Clamps on door, adjusts to mortise
depth required, enabling anyone to
chisel perfect mortise quickly and
simply for any hinge. Saves time,
saves labor, saves errors. Simple,
durable, inexpensive. A perfectly
mortised hinge means a perfectly
hanging door.
J.E.6ASKELL
R. R, 3, T OLEDO 7, OH I O
New Opportunities
ul Carpenters
Fife
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and ran build-
ing jobs. Be the man -who gives orders
and draws the big pay cheek. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEXD FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
N-103 Tech B!dg., 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, 111.
Send Free Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
yame
Address
Have
YOUR OWN
-Business i
sSmTfmNG
ffSSSSSSSS-fSSSfSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSfSYSSSSSS/SSSSS*,
Ton can have a good steady, cash
business of your own reconditioning
saws with the Foley Automatic Saw
Filer, which makes old saws cut like
new again. The Foley is the OXLY
Machine that flies hand saws, also
band and circular saws. Easy to
operate — no eyestrain.
SEND FOR FREE PLAN — Shows how to
start in spare time no canvassing.
Send coupon today — no salesman will
call.
TQlTf/ZaZ^Sim FILER .fig
k Fni fv ufc rn |018-7 Foley Eldg-
J rVIXI mrtl. l/U. Minneapolis 18. Minn.
k. Send Free Plan on Saw Filing business — no
k obligation.
k Name
^Address
Here'
the
Conveniently sized . . . easy to handle . . . popular-
ly priced ... the Mode! 60 MallSaw is the all-around
tool for cross- cutting or ripping rough or dressed
lumber up to 2 inches thick, cutting metal, grooving
mortar joints, or cutting and scoring tile, concrete
and other aggregate compositions. Operates from any
regular electrical outlet. Price in U.S.A. $54.95
Ask your Hardware Dealer or write direct.
POWER TOOL DIVISION
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, 111.
26 Years of "Better Tools For Better Work."
MAKES NEW
PROFITS
Cuts new teeth g
in 50 seconds !
Any size tooth i
to 16 points. Old
teeth fall off as
chips. Simple to
operate. A per-
fect job.
Extends life of
any hand saw.
mediate
Delivery
New Automatic Saw Set Xow Available, Sets
Teeth Lnifonnly ■ — 400 a minute.
Write Today!
BURR MFG. CO. f^t^h'S
BOWL BETTER
WITH YOUR OWN
SH/UUlAWtck^
MINERALITE
Custom- fit
BOWLING
BALL
THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER CO.
Branches in all Principal Cities
No. 51V2 — 16 ounce head. Forged from special analysis
steel and given two heat treatments. Beveled grip claws
bite into nail shank. Exclusive "Evertite-' process pre-
shrinks eye end of handle, preventing further shrinking.
Smooth, live, young hickory handle securely wedged.
Everything about the Stanley No. 51V2 fits your need
of a good nail hammer.
• • •
Also made in other weights and in the ripping claw
pattern. Your dealer may not always have these ham-
mers in stock, but they're the kind of tools worth waiting
for. Stanley Tools, 163 Elm Street, New Britain, Conn.
STANLEY)
Get behind a
SPIRAL SCREW
DRIVER
and get ahead
of the job .
YANKEE TOOLS NOW PART OF
[STANLEY]!
THE TOOL BOX OF THE WORLD
Let the spiral
do the heavy
wrist work. A
simple push on a
sturdy "Yankee"
drives or draws the
screw with a spinning
start. Good for years
of smooth, willing part-
nership with your good
right hand. Three sizes,
each with 3 size bits. Pop-
ular 30A size, range of
screws #2 to #8. For one-
hand operation, buy the 130 A
Yankee" with the "quick-
return" spring in the handle.
Send for the "Yankee" Tool Book
NORTH BROS. MFG. CO.
Philadelphia 33, Pa.
AUDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
4vols.*6
Inside Trade Information
for Carpenters. Builders. Join-
ers. Building Mechanics and
oil Woodworkers. These
Guides give you the shorl-cut
instructions that you want— >
including new methods. ideasL
solutions, pla
and 'etude
■ rker.
Carper
efor the
;ry-
ng these Guide
• Inside Trade Information On: pon t
How to use the steel square — How to file and set
eaws — How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line— How to US9
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetics — Solving mensuration problems— Es-
timating strength of timbers — How to set girders
and sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate— How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on the
eteel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds —
skylights— How to build stairs— How to put on
interior trim — How to hang doors — How to lath—
lay floors — How to paint
as a Helping Hand .-
Work. Better Work and Bel-
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance for yourself, simply hlk
■ and mail the FREE COU-
AUDEL, Publishers, 49 W. 23rd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Mail Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides, 4 vols., on 7 days free
trial. If OK I will remit $1 in 7 days and $1 monthly until S6 is paid.
Otherwise I will return them. No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Employed by_
_ CAR
• Constantly dependable equipment
is essential to maintaining steady
movement of the nation's highway
traffic. That is why thousands of
service stations are equipped with
The "OVERHEAD DOOR" with the
Miracle Wedge. The performance of
this quality door is unvaried under
all types of weather conditions. Su-
perior materials and skilled manufac-
ture insure instant action at all times.
The "OVERHEAD DOOR" is built as a
complete unit for commercial, indus-
trial and residential structures. Spec-
ify it for unvarying performance!
TRACKS AND HARDWARE
OF SALT SPRAY STEEL
HEAD DOOR
Hartford City* l<
CORPO
f J e it
If *» a tsB e m,o
.rUTJTTLJTJTJTJTJTJnjnJTJTJ^
was born out of the inse-
curity, hardships and tra-
vail that surrounded those
who first landed on these
shores. Today, 300 years
later, we in America are
again facing troubled
times. Much of the world
is bitter and bankrupt and
embroiled in bloody strife.
The forces of greed are
marshalling their strength
for an attack on all the human values that compro-
mise the Brotherhood of Man. On all sides, con-
fusion and uncertainty are growing.
Just as the Pilgrim Fathers, in their hour of
greatest need, turned to Thanksgiving Day as a
source of inspiration and hope, so, too, must we
make this all-important day a time for sober reflec-
tion and high resolve.
We have indeed much for which to be thankful.
Our land is broad and pleasant; our cities are fair
and whole. Individually and collectively let us all
resolve this Thanksgiving Day, 1947, to spare no
effort to keep them that way. Let us all work for
more tolerance, more understanding and more co-
operation throughout America and the world.
The saw most
carpenters use
DiSSTON D-8 HANDSAW
Medium Weight, Skew-back Pattern
True taper ground — from tooth edge to back
and from butt to point on back — with even
gauge along entire tooth edge for easier,
faster, truer cutting. Perfectly balanced with
a precision that carries force of thrust directly
to cutting edge. Cross-cut: 20-inch, 10 points;
22-inch, 8 and 10 points; 24-inch, 8 and 10
points; 26-inch, 7, 8, 10 and 11 points. Rip:
5V2 points.
ASK YOUR HARDWARE RETAILER
FOR A DISSTON SAW
STAYS
SHARP
LONGER
9 carpenters out of 10
own Disston saws. That's what a
nation-wide survey shows. And where
could you find stronger proof of the
superiority of Disston saws ! For this
outstanding preference is that of men
who know saws best.
Disston saws are made of the famous
Disston saw steel, specially hardened
and tempered to stay sharp longer
and to give more years of good
service. Among the most popular of
Disston saws is the Disston D-8
handsaw shown here.
SEND FOR YOUR FREE COPY
The Disston Saw, Tool and File
Manual tells how to choose, use
and care for tools. Ask your Hard-
ware Retailer, or mail a postal card
to us direct.
Y DISST0
SONS, INC
REG. U.S. PAT. OFfu
1104 Tacony, Philadelphia 35, Pa., U.S.A.
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXVII — No. 11
INDIANAPOLIS, NOVEMBER, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
— Conten t s —
Who's Kidding Who?
A white collar worker takes a verbal slap at unions for being "greedy" enough to
want to maintain a decent living standard for their members. As a devotee of individual
bargaining she blames all her troubles on unionism instead of facing the basic fact
that the worker who tries to go it alone these days soon finds himself in an economic
vise, the upper jaw of which is stationary wages and the lower jaw of which is higher
prices.
In Justice to All
To the average worker who has a healthy chunk taken out of his pay envelope each
week by withholding taxes, it is no secret that the tax load is becoming cumbersome
and in need of ultimate revision. The AFL Executive Council takes a look at the problem
and makes some sound recommendations.
Time for a Change
12
Eight years have passed since any substantial changes have been made in the Social
Security Act. In those eight years our economy has progressed from depression to boom
—a fact that seemingly dictates a need for thorough review of the whole Social Security
structure.
The English System
19
With a sizeable portion of English industry now nationalized, the natural question be-
comes, what part is unionism going to play in such a setup? Here is a partial answer
at least by a prominent English trade union official.
*
OTHER DEPARTMENTS
Plane Gossip
Editorials
Official
Di Memoriam
Correspondence -
To the Ladies
Craft Problems -
10
16
21
22
23
26
27
Lidex to Avertisers
32
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS. IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8. 1918.
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October 28, 1947
The Editor
The Carpenter
Dear Sir :
I am a bookkeeper working in a contractor's office, and see your maga-
zine, subscribed to by one of the carpenter foremen.
In trying to run your union workers' pay up to the highest possible
level, you apparently have selfishly lost any regard for other classes of
people earning their living and whose rate does not sky-rocket with the
cost of living as it is forced up by your greedy union demands.
For a narrow, one-sided presentation of the labor situation bordering
many times on misrepresentation of the facts, you certainly take the
prize; however, instead of congratulations, I say "Shame on you!" for
your bigotry. I am not a "crank" just one of the many caught in the
middle by the greed and selfishness of the labor unions. When a depres-
sion comes, your men will be the first to run to collect the unemployment
insurance the employer has paid for.
Sincerely, -.
Dear Madam:
This will acknowledge receipt of your interesting communication of
recent date. After noting the contents very carefully, about all I could
think of was the story of the two merchants who met on the street one
day. Said one of them: "Say, did you hear about Jake? I understand he
went into the clothing business in Akron and made $50,000." "Yeh," re-
plied the other, "I heard about Jake, but you got it a little bit wrong. It
wasn't the clothing business it was the hardware business ; and it wasn't
Akron it was 'Buffalo; and he didn't make $50,000 he lost it." That is
about the way j^our communication impresses me — it is fine in every
respect except that the statements therein do not contain a shred of
truth.
You start out by accusing the unions of being selfish and you blame
them exclusively for the high cost of living. If wanting to make a living
wage is selfishness, then the unions are selfish. However, your communi-
cation is one long plaint because you yourself are not making a living
wage. If you consider the desire to make a decent living selfishness, then
certainly }rou must include yourself in the same category as organized
labor.
When you blame unionism for the high cost or living, you merely
display your colossal ignorance of the economic facts of life. In the
years since 1940 the unions of the nation have fought a losing battle
6 THE CARPEXTER
against skyrocketing prices. Despite the best efforts of organized labor,
the spread between wages and prices has grown wider month by month.
In recent months, wages have increased by some six per cent but during
the same period the cost of living has increased by about sixteen per cent.
The fact of the matter is that most workers are worse off now than they
were three or four or five years ago despite higher wages because the
higher wages will buy less goods at today's prices. If you think this is
"bigotry" or "misrepresentation" do not take our word for it, write to
the Department of Labor for the exact figures: or do you think that they
are untrustworthy too? Recently Secretary of Labor Schwellenbach said
in a speech that each month for the past fifteen months prices have pulled
farther ahead of wages.
If you read The Carpenter as you claim, you probably noted in a
recent issue that the Department of Commerce estimates profits for the
first six months of this year at close to nine billion dollars. This is well
ahead of total profits for any other one full year prior to the war. It
is the equivalent of total profits for the year 1929 — long considered the
boom year of all time. In other words, by the end of June, 1947, business
had already piled up more profits in the six month period than it did in all
of 1929 which was supposed to be a bonanza year. How do you suppose
the corporations amassed these profits? By lowering prices and worry-
ing about whether or not your pay check was going to be sufficient to
keep you out of the red? I hardly think so. You and I paid for those
profits and we paid for them at the butcher shop and the clothing
store counter and grocery store checking stand. Corporations cannot
make 200% and 300% more (as they have done) on net worth than they
made in any of the immediate pre-war years without prices going up.
So when you blame union demands for present prices you are merely
displaying an ignorance of facts that borders on the astounding. The
struggle of the unions has been to try to maintain living standards, but
despite all they have been able to do, the gap between wages and prices
has grown wider steadily. As an employe in a contractor's office, you
should be somewhat familiar with what has transpired in the building
game. Lumber has increased 200% over pre-war prices. Brick and tile
are roughly 125% above pre-war prices. So are paints and most other
materials. According to the AYall Street Journal building, trades wages
are up less than seventy-six per cent on the national average. Is it
wages or profits then that are contributing most to building costs? Is it
labor's fault the house that was built for $4,000 twenty years ago now sells
for $10,000?
The one thing I can agree with in your communication is the state-
ment that you, as a non-union worker, are caught in an economic squeeze.
But let me ask you two questions; why? and whose fault is it? Answer-
ing the first one first, you are in the squeeze because you are a devotee
of individual bargaining rather than collective bargaining. To my way
of thinking, you are a walking testimonial of the value of unionism. You
are an example of what the worker can expect for his services when he
tries to go it alone instead of banding together with his fellow workers
to engasre in a little collective bargaining:. As far as I can see you can
THE CARPENTER 7
think of no solution other than crying- over your unhappy plight and
damning those who do have the good sense to band together in an effort
to gain something approaching economic justice.
But let us get on with the second question, whose fault is it? With-
in the American Federation of Labor there is an organization for office
personnel. It is known as the Office Employes International Union.
Do you belong to it? Apparently not, since you seem to think union
members have horns and forked tails. Instead of joining forces with the
other people in your profession and going after a living wage, you
seemingly prefer to stand alone. You do not like what you have, but
your solution seems to be to try to bring everybody else down to your
economic level rather than trying to pull yourself up to the higher
standard. For years organized labor has preached that the individual
worker standing alone takes it on the chin. Your communication certainly
proves the point effectively.
Nearly a hundred years ago, old Abe Lincoln said in effect (I am
sorry I do not have time to run down the exact words) : "If your neighbor
through diligence and thrift builds himself a fine house, do not waste
your efforts to tear it down but rather so apply yourself that you can one
day enjoy a similar fine home of your own."
So, dear Madame, in justice to yourself as well as to the rest of the
working people in the nation, this might be a good time for you to
indulge in a little soul searching. When you blame the unions for exist-
ing high prices, you are barking up the wrong tree. You do not have
to take our word for it because, as we said before. Secretary of Labor
Schwellenbach has pointed out the same thing, and he certainly is in a
position to know. When you start feeling sorry for yourself do not
blame the unions for your unhappy circumstances; rather remember the
words of Abraham Lincoln. Instead of trying to tear down your neigh-
bor's house, try to build one of your own. Fifteen million workers in
this nation belong to unions. They belong because they have found out
by bitter experience that only through organization can they hope for
anything even resembling economic justice. You yourself are finding
out the futility of trying to go it alone. However, like a lot of other
white collar workers, instead of seeking the obvious solution to your
problems (that is, membership in a strong, progressive union) you are
feeling sorry for yourself and railing at those who have used better judg-
ment.
These are indeed unsettled and trying times. There is not one of us
who works for a living but who is worried and plagued by a feeling of
uncertainty and insecurity. When we find the eventual answers to many
of our economic problems, those answers will stem from organized
labor. I sincerely recommend that you think these things over. If and
when you do, I am sure that instead of cussing organized labor which is
fighting the same economic vise you complain of, you will become part
of it and through collective action hasten the da}* when wages and prices
can be brought into a better economic balance.
Sincerely yours,
Peter E. Terzick, Asst. Editor.
In lustice To All
WHEN the next Congress convenes shortly after the first of the
year, taxation is certain to receive prompt attention. To the
average American worker who has a healthy chunk sliced off his
check every week by income taxes, the tax problem is a pressing and vital
one. Prices being what they are, tax deductions work a genuine hardship
on all working class families. However, the nation is in the middle of a
complex crisis that makes mandatory adequate tax revenues. Regardless of
personal sacrifices involved, national security should and must be given
first consideration.
The last session of Congress saw
two tax reduction measures intro-
duced. Both were vetoed by the
President because he felt they were
not timely. Both of them offered
some relief to low income groups,
but the relief was a sort of sugar-
coating to make palatable substan-
tial reductions in income taxes for
the high income groups. With a
new tax revision measure almost
certain to come up in the next Con-
gress, labor has a vital stake in the
whole tax reduction question.
That the American Federation of
Labor is aware of this fact is
amply proved by the concise, clear-
cut set of recommendations on the
subject made by the- Executive
Council of that body to the San
Francisco convention.
The Executive Council, in a sec-
tion of its report devoted to the
subject of taxation, recommended
that the federal tax structure
"should balance the budget and
yield substantial surpluses during
periods of high employment."
While seeing no immediate relief
from the high level of taxation, the
Council said that certain modifica-
tion in the tax structures may be
made that will "contribute much to-
ward determining the degree of
prosperity we maintain." The re-
port declared :
"Any and all such modifications
in the federal tax structure should
be made with the following objec-
tives in mind :
i. The proposed taxes should be
adequate to provide for necessary
services and to maintain the federal
credit.
2. The proposed taxes should be
equitable, increasing progressively
as individual income increases with
due regard for the necessity of ex-
empting the incomes of those at be-
low minimum-subsistence levels.
3. The proposed taxes should
operate so as to keep the buying
power of consumers at the highest
possible level, so that production
and employment may be main-
tained.
4. The proposed taxes should
not combine with other economic
measures to depress or retard the
development of any area, or place
THE CARPENTER
it at an economic disadvantage in
relation to other areas.
"The gradual personal income tax
should continue to provide the bulk
of the national revenue. Any
changes adopted should not jeop-
ardize this basic tax source to our
revenue system. If and when total
revenue needs permit reductions,
we favor increasing the exemption
for those in the lower income group
until income of a family of four is
exempt up to $2500.
"As total revenue needs will per-
mit we urge the repeal of all excise
taxes except those on liquor, to-
bacco, and gasoline (providing in-
come from gasoline tax is needed
and used for highway develop-
ments). These reductions in excise
taxes which should be second in
priority to income tax reduction for
those at below subsistence level in-
come, would mean tax savings of
approximately $3.3 billion dollars
based on excise revenue estimates
for 1947.
"New and increased taxes levied
by state and local governments
have in many instances taken the
form of sales taxes, cigarette taxes,
and other taxes that still further
increase the load of taxes on con-
sumption levied at the local, state,
and national level. Approximately
29 per cent of the $48 billion in
taxes collected by all levels of gov-
ernment are currently being de-
rived from taxes on sales. State
federations and local central bodies
should vigorously oppose current
campaigns that are being waged to
decrease federal and state personal
and business income taxes based on
ability to pay, thereby throwing the
burden for necessary governmental
support increasingly on sales, ex-
cise, and nuisance taxes which are
most burdensome to taxpayers in
the lower income groups.
"In considering future tax meas-
ures as they apply to business it
should be borne in mind that busi-
ness has been relieved of a consid-
erable tax burden much sooner af-
ter the cessation of hostilities than
many economists thought advis-
able. In the face of a definitely
favorable post-war market for both
durable and non-durable goods, the
removal of price controls combined
with the repeal of the excess pro-
fits tax and reduction in the sur-
tax rate contributed considerably
to bringing about the inflationary
conditions now prevailing. Discus-
sions of further reduction in corpo-
rate tax rates at this time we con-
sider premature and ill-advised.
"It seems to us advisable that so-
cial security income and expendi-
tures should be segregated from
the remainder of the federal budget.
A re-examination of the whole so-
cial security revenue policy is over-
due.
"Present estate and gift tax sche-
dules and laws should be re-studied
with a view to increasing' revenue.
Loopholes made possible by the
creation of trusts, gifts, and powers
of appointment should be closed.
"We would point out in conclu-
sion, that the present high level of
federal tax revenue emphasizes the
need for serious consideration and
action on studies that have been
made carrying recommendation for
integrating Federal and State poli-
cies and programs in certain fields.
Such integration could result in
eliminating much needless over-
lapping and duplication, would
make for a high degree of pro-
gression, and could do much to
eliminate conflicts among states,
and between states and the Federal
Government, in the tax field."
A ROOF AT ANY COST
We see by the papers that still an-
other committee is scheduled to make
an "investigation" of the housing situa-
tion shortly. About a year ago we made
the only constructive suggestion we
have heard of for increasing housing;
namely, that a hammer or saw or cant
book be put in the hand of each of the
zillions of investigators, administrators,
coordinators or what have you now
cluttering up the scene and getting in
the way of the contractors and building
tradesmen. We still think it a dandy
idea.
If this newest committee operates like
some of its predecessors, it will spend
plenty of time and money traveling
around the country, and in the end it
will come up with the startling disclo-
sure that housing is a scarce item. That
will finish its report.
Possibly just to save the committee
some time and money, we relate a sup-
posedly true incident that occurred in a
certain southern city recently — an in-
cident that certainly indicates how des-
perate the housing situation is in some
areas.
In this particular city a householder
who is subject to periodic nightmares
One moment, Boss — that raise you
promised. Do I get itt
0:'B#S I P
placed the following ad in a local news-
paper:
"Room and board offered to refined
lady who would not object to screaming
in the night."
Before the crack of dawn the next
morning the telephone rang and a wo-
man's tired but determined voice came
over the wire.
"I have just read your ad in the
paper," it said. "Please tell me, how
often would you require me to scream?"
• • •
THAT EXPLAINS IT
Last Spring, Joe Paup, the poor man's
Socrates, became a grandfather. Recent-
ly a friend met him on the street.
"How's that grand child of yours get-
ting along?" the friend asked.
"Fine," replied Joe.
How old is it now?" the friend con-
tinued.
"Six months," answered Joe.
"Talking any yet?" continued the
friend.
"No," replied Joe, "it's a boy."
• • •
LABOR GETS THE OUTSIDE
We see by the papers that some of
the Senators who put over the Taft-
Hartley Bill are still traveling around
the country trying to sell their baby
(usually at $1,000 per appearance) as
a fine piece of legislation. One of them
was recently quoted as stating that the
Wagner Act set up definite rights for
labor, and the Taft-Hartley Act has
done the same for employers, so now
labor-management relations are on an
even footing.
From where we sit, this sort of ar-
gument reminds us of the southern hill-
billy whose wife divorced him. "Say,
Zeke," said a friend one day, "what in
the world did you do with that house
you owned?"
"Oh, we divided it," replied Zeke.
"Divided your house?" rejoined the
puzzled friend. "How?"
"Fifty-fifty!" explained Zeke. "She
takes the inside and I take the out-
side."
THE CARPENTER
11
IT'S ALL ON US
"No End of Prosperity in Sight," says
a headline in a business paper. As a
wage earner, our first inclination is to
ask, what prosperity?
Figures recently released show that
workers are considerably worse off now
than they were last year and much
worse off than they were during the
war years because skyrocketing prices
have reduced purchasing power. In to-
day's "prosperity" the average worker
is like the son-in-law in one of our
favorite stories which goes something
like this:
A stranger arriving at the town hall
of a certain small Southern town found
the townspeople participating in a gala
celebration.
"What, may I ask, is the cause of all
this excitement?" he inquired of one of
the celebrants.
"We're celebrating the birthday of the
oldest inhabitant," was the reply. She's
a hundred and one today."
"Oh, yes," said the visitor; "I see her.
May I ask who is that little man, with
the dreadfully sad countenance, who is
walking at her side?'
The other laughed.
"Oh," he replied, "that's the old
lady's son-in-law. He's been keeping up
the payments on her life insurance pol-
icy for the past forty years!"
• • *
DEPENDS ON WHERE YOU SIT
The convention of the Mortgage
Bankers Association held in Cleveland
last month cheered loudly when a
speaker branded those who advocated
a federal program to aid housing as
"demagogues and loud-mouthed propa-
gandists." Another speaker equally
well received predicted that there would
be an inevitable increase in mortgage
foreclosures as a result of the GI home
loan program which has already passed
the five billion dollar mark in business
transacted.
The idea of money lenders cheering
such speeches reminds us of the two
draftees who were marching to the
station during the recent war. Both
sides of the street were lined with
cheering throngs as the detachment of
soldiers plodded on toward the depot.
"Say," said one recruit to his buddy,
"who are those people cheering?"
"Those," replied the buddy, "are the
people who are not going."
NOTHING DOING
The new longer skirt styles seem to
have everybody in a dither. That in-
cludes Uncle Sam who is carrying on
an investigation to find out if there
was collusion in violation of anti-trust
laws among designers in setting the new
styles.
And the whole question of women's
clothes reminds us of the miner who
struck it rich and rushed home with
his pockets bulging with big bills.
Throwing several thousand dollar bills
on the table, he said to his wife: "Here,
take this and buy yourself some decent
clothes."
"I'll do nothing of the kind," re-
torted the wife. "I'll get the same kind
the other women wear."
* • •
AS PAUP SEES IT
"A totalitarian nation," says Joe
Paup, the Fred Allen of the tap room,
"is one where they name a street after
you one day and chase you down it the
next."
• * *
PROGRESS
High prices may be threatening our
economy, war clouds may be clouding
the horizon, juvenile delinquency may
be increasing alarmingly but no one
can say the news is all bad these days
No, sir. The Census Bureau has just
announced perfection of a system of
scientific mathematics by which the
unemployed will be accurately counted
during the next depression. No more
guessing.
He talked so convincingly about the
housing shortage — / rented it to him!
12
TIME FOR A CHANGE
"Y "JT T HILE all people who depend on weekly paychecks for their
Y/ \/ livelihoods are hard hit by present runaway prices, there is a seg-
ment of our population that is face to face with downright priva-
tion because of the inflationary trend in commodity prices. That segment
is our old people — those who have retired from either choice or necessity.
On fixed incomes these people struggle heroically to make ends meet in
the face of skyrocketing prices. Month by month it is becoming more
apparent that they are fighting a losing battle.
At the present time there are something over 1,800.000 persons in the
United States receiving a monthly amount from one or another of the
funds created by the Social Security Act. These funds are maintained by
deductions from your paycheck and mine. At the present time one per
cent is deducted from the check of every worker in a covered industry
and a similar amount is paid in by.
each employer in such an industry..
The Social Security system was
put into operation some twelve
years ago. Eight years have elapsed
since any significant changes were
made in the original measure. In
these eight years, great changes
have occurred in our economy. \\ e
have emerged from a depression
economy to a boom economy. To-
day's dollar will buy less than half
of what a 1935 dollar would buy.
Consequently benefit payment sche-
dules that approached minimum liv-
ing standards in those depression
days do not even come very close to
providing bare essentials of life in
1947.
That a revamping of benefit sche-
dules under the Social Security Act
is necessary today can hardly be
disputed. Through no fault of their
own our old timers are finding
themselves impaled on the horns of
an economic dilemma. Old age
with its attendant infirmities, makes
it impossible for them to increase
their incomes through gainful em-
ployment, and at the same time the
benefit payments they receive
through the Social' Securitv Act
they helped to bring into being are
insufficient to keep them clothed
and fed.
\\ riting in the October issue
of the Federationist, Nelson H.
Cruikshank, director of social in-
surance activities for the American
Federation of Labor, touches on the
problem at some length. As one of
the real experts on social security
in all its ramifications, he speaks
with unimpeachable authority, and
we herewith reprint an excerpt
from his fine article:
"This system (Social Security 1
has now been in operation for a
little over twelve years. It has been
eight years since any significant
changes were made. In these eight
years our economy has changed rad-
ically, and further revision of the
Social Security Act, in light of
present-day conditions, is past due.
"In the closing days of the first
session of the Eightieth Congress
a bill was introduced in the Senate
by Senators Murray, Wagner and
McGrath (S. 1679), with a compan-
ion bill in the House by Congress-
man Dingell (H.R. 4303), which is
intended to meet this need.
THE CARPENTER 13
"The inadequacy of the present ered employment, instead of the
benefit structure is clearly indicated whole time, as provided under the
in the figures released b}^ the Social present law.
Security Administration which "Now let us see how this would
show that during- 1946 the average work out in a specific case. We'll
monthly benefit paid a retired take an improbable case ruling out
worker was only $23.90— for retired wage increases over . a period of
women workers it was only $19.60. twenty years, just to keep the illus-
The average monthly benefit paid tration simple.
a retired worker and his wife — pro- «Q,mnni,0 0^1 1 a *. a
. ,. , . . , , , , F , buppose a worker worked stead-
vidmg the wife had reached age 65 ;ur of <to-^ <^,- ™^ ±u t *. *.
& & j ny at $250 per month for twenty
—was only $39. vears beg-innirig. ig3? and then re_
"The new bill proposes to im- tiredi being g5 years of age He
prove the primary structure in would compute his benefit under the
three direct ways. present law as follows :
"The first of these would be a .
change in the method of comput- AveraSe monthly wage $250
hag the primary benefit.. Under the 4°% of first $50 $20
present law the primary benefit is I0% of remaining $200.. 20
computed as follows: (1) take 40 Sub-tot" 1 §,ao
per cent of the first $50 of average plus 2Oy0 "(^ "for 'each
monthly wage (obtained roughly of 20 years).. 8
by dividing the total wages paid to ' 'I
the worker since 1937 to time of re- Primary Monthly Benefit $48
tirement by the number of months "Under the proposed bill the
he has worked in covered employ- same worker would compute his
ment) and add to it 10 per cent of benefit as follows:
the next $200 of average monthly . , ,
r \ aa 4. -c i-u Average monthly wage $2=;o
wage ; (2) add one per cent of the & J ° T J
sum thus obtained for each 'year 4°% of first $75 $30.00
in which the worker received as IO% of remaining $175 17.50
much as $200 of wages in covered Sub-total $47 zo
employment. The sum of these fig- pjus 20% /j-% for eacj1
ures is the amount of the monthly Qf OQ vears actuallv
primary benefit. und;r the new biUj i%'
"The new bill raises the amount for each quarter) 9.50
on which the 40 per cent is com-
puted from $50 to $75 and adds 10 Primary Monthly Benefit $57
per cent of the remaining $250 of "If the worker in our simplified
average monthly wage instead of illustration had been able to aver-
the present $200. age $300 per month over the period
"The method of computing the of twenty years, he would benefit
average monthly wage is changed still more from the liberalization of
from a monthly to a quarterly sys- the formula. Under the present law
tern, which will prove more equit- the computation would be the same,
able for workers engaged in employ- as wages in excess of $250 per
ment of an intermittent character, month are not included in the calcu-
but in effect rules out only half of lation. If the bill were passed, he
the time the worker was either un- would be eligible for benefits corn-
employed or emplo}<Ted in non-cov- puted as follows:
14
THE CARPENTER
Average monthly wage $300
40% of first $75.... $30.00
10% of remaining $225 22.50
Sub-total .
Plus 20%
$52-50
10.50
Primary Monthly Benefit $63
"He would also benefit by the
provisions of the new bill if he
were engaged in some irregular em-
ployment. Suppose, for example, a
worker worked for a period of
twenty years beginning in 1937, but
he was engaged in covered employ-
ment for only half the time. The
other half of the time he might be
either unemployed or in employ-
ment not covered under the law.
Suppose his actual average month-
ly earnings were $200 in both types
of employment. Under the present
law he would receive a primary
monthly benefit of $33. Under the
provisions of the new bill he would
be eligible for a primary monthly
benefit of $38.40. This needs to be
qualified further in favor of the in-
sured worker since, as I shall indi-
cate later, many more types of em-
ployment are covered by the new
bill.
"If our example were a chauffeur,
working half the time for a truck-
ing concern and the other half as a
private chauffeur, under the present
law he would still, on retiring at
age 65 after twenty years of service
at $200 per month, be eligible for
the monthly benefit of $33, but since
his employment as private chauf-
feur would also be covered under
the new law, his average monthly
wage would not be reduced by
the months of employment in that
capacity, and he would be eligible
for a primary benefit of $51 per
month.
"The proposed improvement in
benefit structure is also reflected in
the benefits payable to surviving de-
pendents of deceased workers.
"The foregoing illustrations an-
ticipate the second means employed
in the new bill for improving the
benefit structure — namely, a change
in the method of computing the
average monthly wage on which the
primary benefit is based. Under the
present law the average monthly
wage is lowered directly in propor-
tion to the time the worker is either
unemployed or not in covered em-
ployment. The proposed formula
still reduces the average monthly
wage for time not in covered em-
ployment but not in direct propor-
tion. The new bill works out rough-
ly that only half the time the work-
er is not in covered employment
counts against his average monthly
wage. Also months in which he was
unemployed due to disability are
eliminated entirely from the wage
computation, whereas under the
present law such periods are all in-
cluded in figuring the average. This
is a sound social insurance prin-
ciple as it relates the benefit not so
directly to the actual amounts
earned by the individual, which may
have suffered as a result of unem-
ployment or illness, but bases the
benefit on his proved earning capac-
ity.
"The third direct method of
lifting the benefit structure is
through raising the minimum pri-
mary benefit amount from the pres-
ent $10 per month ($15 for retired
worker and wife, or one child) to
$20, with the minimum of $30 for
man and wife, or other retired
worker with one child. The maxi-
mum amount pa}^able to a family is
also increased from the present $85
per month to $120.
"There are other direct methods
employed in the bill to increase the
benefit and potential income of the
insured workers. These include lift-
THE CARPENTER
15
ing the amount a retired worker
may earn without forfeiting bene-
fits from the present $14.99 Per
month to $30, extending the cover-
age, lowering the eligibility age
for women from 65 to 60 years, and
by providing protection against dis-
ability.
"The proposed reduction of the
retirement age for women from 65
to 60 years — a reduction also applic-
able to eligibility for wife's benefits
■ — would make it possible for a man
whose wife was a few years young-
er than himself to retire at 65 and
immediately draw the family bene-
fit.
"Perhaps one of the most signifi-
can features of the new bill is the
proposal to establish a National So-
cial Insurance Policy Advisory
Council to be composed of twelve
persons representing labor and em-
ployers in equal numbers and the
public.
"The present law, which affects
most vitally millions of workers
and their employers, is being ad-
ministered without any direct par-
ticipation or counsel from repre-
sentatives of either management or
labor. The proposal for an advisory
council specifically authorized to
make recommendations covering
coverage, adequacy of benefits and
methods of financing the program
is, in the words of Senator Murray,
one of the bill's sponsors, a recog-
nition of the fact that 'to serve its
true purpose, a social insurance sys-
tem must be a democratic system
of and for the people.' ':
Joseph Padway Called By Death
Delegates to the Sixty-sixth Annual Convention of
the American Federation of Labor sustained a severe
shock when Joseph Padway, General Counsel for Fed-
eration, passed away shortly after collapsing on the ros-
trum while denouncing the Taft-Hartley Slave Labor
Law, on Wednesday, October 8th. A bitter opponent of
the law from the time it was first presented in Congress,
Mr. Padway spared neither himself nor his health in
leading opposition to the measure. His unremitting
fight against the law undoubtedly contributed to his un-
timely demise.
Joseph Padway was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England, July 25, 1891,
and came to the United States as a young man after completing elemen-
tary and high school studies in England. He attended the Marquette uni-
versity law school in Milwaukee, from which he was graduated in 1912.
He began practicing law in Milwaukee the same year.
He served in the Wisconsin State Senate in 1925 and the following
year was appointed a judge of the Milwaukee Civil court. He resigned
the judgeship in 1927 to resume the practice of law.
Padway's national fame as a labor lawyer began in 1938 when Presi-
dent William Green of the American Federation of Labor named him
general AFL legal counsel. He had been counsel for the Wisconsin
Federation of Labor since 1915.
He appeared before the United States Supreme Court many times in
support of the constitutionality of the Wagner Act and other labor legis-
lation.
Editorial
We Had Better Find Out
This winter hunger is once more stalking a major portion of Europe.
Millions of tons of American food will have to be shipped to the devas-
tated nations before Spring or untold numbers will actually perish of
starvation. That America intends to exert every possible affort to meet
the crisis is a foregone conclusion. From the President on down to the
ordinary citizen there is a unanimity of determination to see that at
least the minimum needs of the impoverished people are sustained in the
trying months ahead.
With this determination of the United States to provide life and
hope for the downtrodden of Europe we have no quarrel. On the con-
trary, we urge everyone to cooperate willingly and wholeheartedly with
the efforts being made to provide necessary foodstuffs for the needy
abroad. However, we feel the time has come for Uncle Sam to do a little
delving into the whole situation of food conservation, food prices and
the trend of our general economy. There are far too many things in the
picture that confuse and even terrify an ordinary individual who only
knows, like the late Will Rogers, what he reads in the papers.
For example, the headlines recently proclaimed that the President
desired Thursday to be an eggless and poultryless day throughout the
nation. It struck us as a splendid idea and we were quite elated until we
turned to the inside of the paper. There, buried among the want ads. we
found a little story that knocked the props out from under us. In this
story, an official of the Department of Agriculture declared that eggless
Thursday was going to mean a decline in the demand for eggs. and.
therefore, the government was going to have to appropriate some three
hundred million dollars to sustain egg prices. On still another page
there was a story stating that the government was still destroying pota-
toes because they are a drug on the market and a price collapse is in pros-
pect unless surpluses are removed from the marke:
We realize that economics is a complicated science ; we also realize
that handling foods in million ton quantities is a big job. But our
plain common sense also tells us that destroying food while millions are
starving is neither logical nor practical. Somehow, somewhere along the
line somebody has jumped the trolley.
The government maintains that it is impractical to ship surplus pota-
toes abroad because shipping costs in refrigerated ships would run as
high as seventy dollars a ton. Instead the government buys wheat at
three dollars per bushel and ships it to Europe. If we remember correctly,
there are sixty pounds of wheat in a bushel. At three dollars per bushel
the government pays roughly Sioo per ton for wheat. It takes another
eight or ten dollars a ton shipping expenses to get it to Europe. So
THE CARPENTER 17
Uncle Sam economizes by pouring kerosene on the potatoes that would
cost seventy dollars per ton to ship to Europe and spends $110 a ton to
send wheat instead. Plentiful potatoes are destroyed and scarce wheat is
purchased, which explains why the price of the latter hit three dollars.
However, there is more to the story than that. The government did
not get the potatoes it is destroying free. Indeed not. It paid for them.
And it also paid as much as $1.35 per bushel for a lot of spuds that were
never even dug up. Now, apparently, the same sort of financial wizardry
is going to move into the egg picture.
Maybe it all makes sense to some people but we certainly are not num-
bered among them. To our way of thinking, the time is long past due
for Uncle Sam to sit down and really try to figure out where in the Heck
we are headed. First, somebody had better decide whether or not we
are still operating under a free enterprise system. Under such a system,
when potatoes became plentiful, the price would drop, more people
would eat them and soon there would be no surplus. While the people
were eating more potatoes they would be eating less wheat and wheat
prices, too, would stay within reason. But somebody seems to think this
sort of thing old-fashioned. Subsidies, price support, and a dozen other
artificial methods of managing the farm economy are the newest wrinkles.
None of them seem to be even remotely related to free enterprise.
Most of us are right now struggling along trying to make ends meet,
sustained almost exclusively by the hope that prices will go down one
of these days and things will brighten up. If the government keeps pur-
suing its present policy, however, lower prices are an idle dream. As
soon as some commodity comes into adequate supply, the government
starts buying, burning and plowing under vast quantities of that commod-
ity lest the price sag a little. There is no use kidding ourselves; the gov-
ernment at present is not interested in prices coming down.
"We want to cut down our egg consumption to help Europe. But we
do not want to do it if it is going to end up with Uncle Sam dumping
into the river the eggs we save and then taxing us three hundred million
dollars to keep up present stratospheric prices. That sort of thing just
does not make good sense. Somehow or other some of the brain-trusters
had better start figuring out just exactly how and where we are going
and how we are going to get there or there is liable to be a smashup that
will make the 1907 panic look like prosperity.
It Is All A Delusion
The next time the little woman takes your pay check and starts com-
plaining about how little it will buy, throw back your shoulders, puff out
your chest and tell her she does not know what she is talking about.
Prices really are not high; they only appear that way to her because she
has failed to keep up with things. She has not read Arthur Krock's
column lately, and probably she has failed to pick up all the pearly gems
of wisdom being put out by the National Association of Manufacturers:
In his column in the New York times, Krock recently devoted two
days to explaining why prices give the illusion of being out of line. It
18 THE CARPENTER
is all a mistake stemming- from ignorance, he intimates. The trouble is.
Mr. Krock explains, that we are all trying to compare present prices
with OPA prices, and OPA prices do not mean a thing because there never
was anthing to buy when the OPA was in existence. That is what the
man says, honest! He further points out that people bought lots of
stuff on the black market those days and black market prices were not
much lower than present prices. So, he says, people who complain about
prices at the present time are merely gripping.
Of course, if the little woman says ''The Krocks may have paid a dol-
lar a pound for butter on the black market but we didn't because we
couldn't afford to do it any more then than we can now''" this argument
is not going to do you much good.
If the little woman has not wrapped a frying pan around your head
by this time, you can go on to say that there was another thing under
OPA that made prices seem lower than they actually were; namely.
subsidies. The government paid producers and farmers a fixed amount to
keep prices down. These subsidies are now a thing of the past in many
instances. and, according to Mr. Krock. this means a saving to taxpayers.
Of course, your taxes have not been reduced any but you can rest happy
in the thought you are coming out on the winning side and theoretically,
at least, scoring a moral victory. (P.S. If the little woman finds out the
average subsidy on meat was around five cents a pound and that since it
was dropped meat prices have advanced around thirty-five cents a pound,
this argument is not going to do you much good either. )
Anyway, Mr. Krock sums it all up and wraps it all up neatly with
these arguments. So when the little woman starts beefing again you can
use them on her. If these do not convince her that prices are not really
high, you can haul out some of the nifties the NAM is now peddling.
For example, you can quote the NAM head who on July 15th of this year
said: "It is amazing that the lifting of controls has resulted in such mod-
erate price increases ... in view of increased costs, I believe manufac-
turers' prices have been kept well in line."
That one ought to floor her. Of course, if she remembers back a year
or two and throws at you some of the ads the NAM was running then
which claimed positively "if OPA is permanently discontinued, the pro-
duction of goods will mount rapidly and through free competition, prices
will quickly adjust themselves . . ." your argument is going to be weak-
ened and she is not going to have much faith in anything the NAM says.
All joking to one side, the above gives you a faint idea of the kind of
propaganda big business is putting out these days. A desperate effort is
being made to (1) convince the people that prices are really not too high
and {2) blame labor and other groups for price increases that have gone
into effect. The NAM News even goes so far as to deny that the NAM
promised prices would go down if OPA were killed.
But in spite of it all our little woman remains unconvinced. Since
she reads neither the NAM nor Mr. Krock in her unenlightened ignorance
she still gripes about present prices and sooner or later somebody is going
to have to answer to her.
19
THE ENGLISH SYSTEM
Elinor's Note: Since the Labor Government in England has been nationalizing many major
industries, the question has naturally arisen as to what part organized laboi will play in such
an economy. The following article — a condensation of a radio broadcast recently made by an
official high in British labor circles — throws at least a little light on the matter.
By GEORGE WOODCOCK
Assistant General Secretary of the British Trades Union Congress
QUESTIONS of wages, working- conditions, and hours of labor will,
under nationalism, still have to be settled within industry by the
traditional process of negotiation and agreement between trade
unions and managements. The nationalization of an industrv does not
mean that wages, conditions, and hours of labor in that industry will
become the subject of an Act of Parliament or of a Ministerial Order.
In our experience, legislation as a method of fixing wages and work-
ing conditions is deficient in two respects — first, it is not sumciently
flexible and, second, it can aim only at fixing a reasonable minimum
rather than the best possible. It is not by bringing the Government more
directly into the field of wage determination that trade, unions hope to
benefit from nationalization. Na- . .
tionalization of an industry will, we
believe, help trade unions to secure
higher wages, better working con-
ditions, and shorter hours of labor
by stimulating the provision with-
in that industry of better and more
extensive facilities for joint nego-
tiation and agreement between the
sides representing workpeople and
managements respectively.
All our trade unions have had to
fight hard even for simple recogni-
tion— that is, for the acceptance by
employers of the right of work-
people to form their own organiza-
tion, to select their own spokesmen,
and to insist upon working under a
collective agreement as against the
individual contract.
No trade union in this country, so
far as I know, is wholly satisfied
with the degree of recognition that
it has so far achieved.
The fact is, I really believe, that
even the best of employers look
upon the trade unions as a medicine
— necessary perhaps, but only to be
taken on special occasions and in
limited quantities. And the worst
employers look upon us as a con-
founded nuisance to be avoided if
at all possible.
In some industries, the advent of
nationalization would enable the
unions concerned for the first time
in their history to meet the em-
ployers of their members face to
face. In other industries, machin-
ery for the joint discussion of
wages and working conditions is
already so extensive that the Gov-
erning Board and the union will
not need to seek any very substan-
tial alterations and improvements.
But there are over-riding limita-
tions upon joint consultation under
20
THE CARPEX1ER
which all trade unions have always
suffered and which we hope na-
tionalization will remove. Wher-
ever unions have tried, in the past,
to enter the sphere of what employ-
ers describe as "managerial func-
tions," they have always met with
the strongest possible resistance. I
think we understand the reluctance
of an employer to discuss with
trade union representatives matters
which bear directly on the competi-
tive position of an industry or of
any particular undertaking. But em-
plovers must realize that anything
which is likely to affect the work-
man as such must become the con-
cern of his union — not only wages
and working conditions, or recruit-
ment and dismissal, but arrange-
ments of the work inside the shop,
mechanization, price policy, market-
ing arrangements, purchase of raw
materials, and similar matters. The
workman has an interest in them be-
cause the terms and conditions of
his employment, the stability of his
wages, and the regularity of his
employment may be affected by de-
cisions made about them.
At the same time. Ave do not pro-
pose to become the British equiva-
lent of the Xazi "labor front." and
we do not intend trade union
representatives to become so closely
identified with representatives of
management that the workman is
unable to tell one from the other.
As I see it, the very essence of
trade unionism in Great Britain is
independence — both from the state
and the employers. The Xazi "labor
front"' was a mere administrative
machine. Company unions take
their policy from the company. We
have always framed our own poli-
cies and determined for ourselves
the action we should take in sup-
port of those policies, and instruct-
ed our representatives accordingly.
Individual trade unionists^peo-
ple whose knowledge and experi-
ence of industry have been gained
in the workshop and in the organ-
ization of workpeople — will most
certainly be found on the Govern-
ing Board of nationalized indus-
tries and in managerial and execu-
tive positions at a lower level. But
once they assume the responsibili-
ties of management they will be re-
quired to relinquish anv official po-
sition they may hold in the trade
union. In nationalized industries,
trade unions will continue to repre-
sent the views of workpeople, but
with this difference — they will be
able and encouraged to do so within
the most complete range of joint
consultative machinery that it is
possible to devise.
What about the effect of national-
ization on the right to strike? Well,
the legal right to strike will remain
unimpaired. But I think it follows
from what I have said that the
question of strike action by trade
unions in nationalized industries
should become almost entirely theo-
retical.
Strikes are not trade union ob-
jectives. Every trade union wants
to settle its disputes with manage-
ment in a friendly way. But so
often in the past unions have had
to call a strike either because the
employers would not even meet the
union or because the employers
barred some particular matters
from discussion. If responsible un-
ion representatives are given the
fullest opportunities to put their
case, it is I believe, most unlikely
that unions and managements will
find themselves unable to agree,
ultimately, without having to call a
stoppage of work; so that while
strikes cannot entirely be ruled out,
it is unlikely that man)' strikes will
actually occur.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General Vice-President
M. A. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Secretary
FRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President
JOHN R. STEVENSON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Treasurer
S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District. CHARLES JOHNSON, JR.
Ill E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y. -
Fifth District. R. E. ROBERTS
3819 Cuming St., Omaha, Nebr.
Second District. WM. J. KELLY
Carpenters' Bldg., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.
Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Box 1168, Santa Barbara. Calif.
Seventh District. ARTHUR MARTBL
3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District. ROLAND ADAMS WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
712 West Palmetto St., Florence, S. C. FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
Third District. HARRY SCHWARZER
1248 Walnut Ave.. Cleveland, O.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Iii the issuance of clearance' cards, care should be taken to see that
they are properly filled out, dated, sealed and signed by the President and
Financial Secretary of the Local Union issuing same as well as the Local
Union accepting the clearance. The clearance cards must be sent to the
General Secretary without delay, in order that the members names can be
listed on the quarterly account sheets.
Regarding the issuing of clearance cards, the member should be in-
formed that same is good for one month only from date of issuance, and
must be deposited within that time. Otherwise a clearance card becomes
void. 'When a clearance card expires, the member is required to have the
clearance card renewed by the Local Union which issued same, inasmuch
as he is still a member of that Local Union.
NEW
CHARTERS
ISSUED
3047
Kernville, Ore.
1833
Quincy, Cal.
1909
Poison. Mont.
1451
Wausau, Wis.
1872
Willows. Cal.
1910
So. Norfolk, Va
1711
Pine Bluff, Ark.
3052
Bruce, Miss.
2055
Eunice, La.
3049
Oregon House,
Cal.
1906
Waterloo, la.
3054
Escanaba, Mich.
3051
Shell Lake, Wis
1970
Greenville, Cal
2192
Ruston. La.
1801
Hawkins, Wis.
1988
Smith Falls, O
nt.,
Can.
2253
Robinson, 111.
1810
Colusa, Cal.
- 1989'
Portola, Cal.
2325
Gordo, Ala.
Xot lost to those that love them. They still live in our memory,
Xot dead, just gone before; And Trill forever more
liktBi in T&zzizt
The Editor has beer, requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
Brother R. W. ALLMAN, Local No. 25, Los Angelas, Cal.
Brother B. A. ANDERSON, Local No. 25, Lcs Angeles. Cal.
Brother 1RVIN W. BAILEY, Local No. 2S1, Binghampton, N. Y.
Brother JOE BAKER, Local No. 1373, Flint, Mich.
Brother GEORGE BEEMAN, Local No. 1373, Flint, Mich.
Brother ERNEST VV. CHAPMAN, Local No. 228S. Los Ansreles. Cal.
Brother M. P. CHRISTENSON. Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal
Brother THOMAS CHURCHILL, Local No. 787. Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother W. E. COADY, Local No. 25, Los Angeles. Cal.
Brother CHARLES M. COLEMAN, Local No. 266, New York, N. Y.
Brother R. E. CRONK, Local No. 1835, Waterloo, Iowa
Brother JAMES DOUGHERTY, Local No. 122, Philadeichia, Pa.
Brother CHARLES H. FROEHL, Local No. 1807, Davton, Ohio
Brother F. W. GAFFIN, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother ERICH GEIST, Local No. 672, Clinton. Icwa
Brother JAMES GENTRY. Local No. 1813, Vinnfield, La.
Brother COURTNEY GOODWIN, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother NICK GOUDEAUX, Local No. 1846, New Orleans, La.
Brother JAMES M. GOULD, Local No. 100, Muskegon. Mich.
Brother G. W. GUNN, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother L. R. HANLEN, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother HENRY C. HATTER, Lccal No. 210, Stamford, Conn.
Brother ALBIN HOGLUND, Local No. 2288, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother FRED JACOBSEN. Local No. 740, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother STEVE A. JARRETT, Local No. 2888, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother ALFRED JARVI, Local No. 2084, Astoria, Ore.
Brother J. I. JENKINS, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother JALMAR KASKI, Local No. 488, New York. N. Y.
Brother A. W. LAW, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother FRANK LAWRENCE, Local No. 301, Newburgh, N. Y.
Brother CARL J. LINGUIST, Local No. 787, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brother E. C. LITTLEFIELD, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, CaL
Brother B. O. LIVINGSTON, Local No. 61, Kansas City, Mo.
Brother HARRY MANUIEL, Local No. 61, Kansas City. Mo.
Brother EDWARD C. MASON. Local No. 2288, Los Angeles. Cal.
Brother THOS. E. MES5ERSMITH, Local No. 281, Binghampton, N. Y.
Brother G. NACAS, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother CARL NELSON, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother CHARLES NONNENBERG, Local No. 488, New York, N. Y.
Brother CARL G. OLSEN, Local No. 100, Muskegon, Mich.
Brother J. H. PHILLIPS. Local No. 1835, Waterloo, Iowa
Brother ERNEST POTTER, Local No. 281, Binghampton, N. Y.
Brother WM. H. RAFFIELD, Local No. 1846, New Orleans, La.
Brother HOWARD RHODES, Local No. 716, Zanesville, Ohio
Brother CHAS. SCHROLL, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
Brother A. B. SENOR, Local No. 25, Los Angers. Cal
Brother SETH Y. SMITH, Local No. 277, Philadelphia, Pa .
Brother WM. SPACE. Local No. 281, Binghampton, N. Y.
Brother MARTIN A. SVENKSEN. Local No. 672, Clinton, Iowa
Brother WILLIAM S. WENSLEY, Local No. 117, Albany, N. Y.
Brother J .E. WITMORE, Local No. 25, Los Angeles, Cal.
CorrosponcbncQ
This Journal Is Not Responsible For Views Expressed By Correspondents.
ILLINOIS COUNCIL HOLDS 19th CONVENTION
The Nineteenth Convention of the Illinois State Council, United Brotherhood
of Carpenters and Joiners of America, was held in Peoria, Illinois, September 19
and 20, 1947.
Principal speakers were John R. Stevenson, Second General Vice-President;
Daniel Carmell, Counsel for the Illinois State Federation of Labor; Ray C.
Kirkpatrick, Labor Director, Federal Works Agency; Robert L. Gordon, Director
of Labor of Illinois; Harold Cheesman, Commissioner, Illinois Post-War Planning
Commission; Leonard W. Esper, Assistant Director, Illinois Veterans Commission;
J. Vernon Johnson, Field Supervisor, Apprentice Training Service; and George
T. Moore, Labor Manager, Illinois Savings Bond Division, U.S. Treasury. Reuben
Soderstrum and Victor Olander, President and Secretary-Treasurer of the Illinois
State Federation of Labor each gave a short talk.
Several resolutions dealing with the good and welfare of the United Brother-
hood were received and acted upon, one of which was asking that all Locals give
consideration of a holiday on Election Day, thereby making sure that we follow
the technique of Samuel Gompers by electing our friends and defeating our
enemies.
The entire staff of officers was reelected for a four-year term — this being the
first four-year term. At the convention held in 19 46 a referendum was ordered
on not only this change in tenure of office but also on adding an eighth district
in the southern part of the State and otherwise revising the constitution and by-
laws to bring them up to date.
. Fraternal Delegates were: C. L. Chitwood, Indiana State Council of Carpen-
ters; Dell Thompson, Ohio State Council of Carpenters; and Herbert May, Wis-
consin State Council of Carpenters.
Visitors from the St. Louis District Council were; Henry Weinreich, Harold
Heminghaus and Joseph Payne.
The Council was host to the delegates and their wives Friday night. A dinner
and a dance furnished entertainment for the evening.
The Convention adjourned Saturday afternoon to convene next year in such
place as designated by the Executive Board.
MISSISSIPPI COUNCIL CONVENTION IS BIG SUCCESS
On September 13th and 14th, Jackson, Miss., was the scene of the 1947 Annual
Convention of the Mississippi State Council. Delegates from some sixteen Local
Unions were in attendance for what proved to be one of the most progressive and
orderly conventions ever held.
In the absence of President Gus Holler who was detained by death of a
brother-in-law, Vice-president J. M. Littleton of Local Union No. 9 84, Greenville,
acted as presiding officer. A distinguished list of speakers was on hand to
give pertinent information and advice to the assemblage. Introduced by Secretary-
Treasurer W. A. Harrison, R. S. (Sunny) Withers, City Commissioner for the
City of Jackson, delivered a fine welcoming address and cited some very inter-
esting figures on the present and future building needs of the city. Judge Sten-
nett, also representing the City Fathers, delivered a few additional words of
welcome to the delegates.
24 THE CARPENTER
Forrest B. Jackson, local attorney and candidate for the U.S. Senate to fill
the unexpired term of the late Senator Bilbo, also delivered a masterly address
in which he touched on the dangers surrounding our American way of life. The
major speech of the convention was delivered by ex-governor and ex-representa-
tive from Marion County, the Honorable Hugh L. White. Mr. White denounced
those who are seeking legislative schackles for organized labor, and he warned
that these people were not satisfied by the passage of the Taft-Hartley Act as
their one objective is complete subjugation of unionism. He closed his remarks
with a plea for better understanding among workers themselves and better
understanding between organized labor and the public.
A considerable amount of business connected with the welfare of the Brother-
hood in the State was transacted. A resolution was adopted pledging the organ-
ization to an unremitting fight until the Taft-Hartley Bill was wiped off the
statute books. To supplement this, another resolution was adopted urging
the establishing of a permanent holiday on election day to make it possible for
all to vote. A State-wide apprenticeship program was adopted and a State Joint
Apprenticeship Committee was authorized.
Gus Holler, who holds forty-six years of continuous membership in good
standing, was re-elected president without opposition. Alvin F. "Buddy" Huff
was elected vice-president, also without opposition. Secretary-treasurer W. A.
Harrison also was returned to office without opposition.
In attendance at the meeting were International Representatives John Howatt
and Frank Garner whose assistance and advice were greatly appreciated.
WHITBY MEMBERS ENJOY CORN ROAST
Friday evening, September 26th, members of Local Union No. 397, Whitby,
Ont., and their wives were entertained with an old-fashioned corn roast. The
affair was held a few miles northwest of Whitby at the home of Brother Loyal
Pogue and his wife.
From beginning to end the evening was a huge success. The weatherman
provided a beautiful starlit night. Near the pond on the spacious grounds that
surround the Pogue home a huge bonfire that colored up the evening sky was
lit. A huge kettle was hung over the fire, and plump golden roasting ears were
popping in and out every few minutes. A committee was kept busy maintain-
ing the fire at the proper level. The ladies served tea and lunch on the lawn
under a myriad of skilfully hung lights.
A loudspeaker system provided a nicely arranged program. The Carpenters'
Quartette sang several songs beautifully and a number of older members told
interesting and amusing stories. When the evening became chilly, the host and
hostess invited the guests inside where the remainder of the evening was spent
in all round good fellowship. The members and guests departed sincerely in-
debted to Mr. and Mrs. Pogue who have always taken an active part in any
entertainment activities of the Union, for a grand evening.
MeALESTER HOST TO OKLAHOMA STATE COUNCIL MEET
With delegates from some seventeen affiliated Local Unions present, the
Thirty-seventh Convention of the Oklahoma State Council was held in the City
of McAlester this year. Although a large amount of business involving the wel-
fare of Brotherhood members was on the agenda, it was disposed of in speedy
fashion.
The following Locals were represented: Ada, 2013; Chickasha, 653; Clinton,
1099; Bartlesville, 1659; Durant, 2201; El Reno, 1431; Enid, 76 3; Lawton, 15 85;
McAlester, 986; Muskogee, 1072; Norman, 1060; Okmulgee, 1399; Oklahoma City,
329; Shawnee, 292; Stillwater, 1686; Tulsa, 943; Tulsa, 2101.
Resolutions were passed as follows by the Convention; Number One: Setting
aside National elections as holidays. Number Two: Resolution of respect to J. Q.
Maloney. Number Four, recommends the posting on bulletin boards of the
THE CARPENTER 25
name and voting record of all candidates for legislative office. Number Five,
thanking the Press Committee, the press, the Mayor, Chief of Police and Pastor.
Number Six, thanking the arrangements committee and Local Union 986. Number
Seven, thanking President Truman, Senator Thomas and Congressmen Toby
Morris and Lynn Johnson for their action in support of labor.
Speeches were made by C. Plowboy Edwards, State Representative, Pittsburg
County; Hon. J. D. McCarty, Representative, Oklahoma County; R. E. Roberts,
General Executive Board Member, Fifth District, U. B. of C. & J. of A.; Leo Ketch,
representing the Federal Apprentice Training Service; J. Bennett Jones, the
same service; and Earl McDonald, Secretary, New Mexico State Federation of
Labor, and brother of Dick McDonald.
NEBRASKA STATE COUNCIL FORGES AHEAD
The Nebraska State Council of Carpenters held its Tenth Annual Convention
at Hastings, Nebraska, September 7, 1947. Thirty-four delegates from Carpenter
and Mill Locals throughout the State of Nebraska were present. Two fraternal
delegates, George Robertson, Secretary-Treasurer of the Colorado State Council
of Carpenters and also Mark L. Bagley of the Missouri State Council of Carpenters
attended.
R. E. Roberts, Executive Board Member of United Brotherhood was also
present.
Principal speakers at the convention were R. E. Roberts, George Robertson,
John J. Guenther, J. J. Thompson, Gordon Prebble, and several delegates of this
Nebraska State Council.
A very good constructive convention was held without one lost minute dur-
ing the entire day.
The Nebraska State Council of Carpenters, organized ten years, has grown
from a few Carpenters Locals to the present affiliation of most all of the Car-
penters and Mill Locals operating in the State of Nebraska.
The next convention will be held in Fremont, Nebraska, in September, 19 48.
Fremont has probably the best Labor Temple in the State of Nebraska as their
temple has recently, been remodeled and newly decorated. It is very evident
that the convention in 19 48 will be a very large affair.
Newly elected officers of the Nebraska State Council of Carpenters are: W. E.
Andrews of Beatrice, reelected President; Fay Bowerman of Omaha, reelected
Vice-President; H. O. Bonsack of Grand Island, reelected Secretary-Treasurer.
George Ewald, Scottsbluffs, Joe Kalous, Kearney, and H. C. Jensen, Fremont,
were elected Trustees.
All delegates and their wives were guests of Hastings Carpenters Local at
a banquet held in the Sky Lite Room at the Clark Hotel at 6:00 P.M.
The Nebraska State Council extends thanks to the Hastings Carpenters for
the courteous treatment received at this convention.
ISLIP LOCAL REWARDS FAITHFUL CAREER
In commemoration of twenty-five years of good and faithful service, Local
Union No. 357, Islip, New York, last month presented Financial Secretary Robert
Baldwin with a handsome gold watch. The presentation was made by Joseph
Glitzner, president of the Local. With it went the sincere gratitude and thanks
of the officers and members of the Union.
During the quarter century he has served his Local Union, Brother Baldwin
has never been too busy to respond to a call for help. Like many unthanked
secretaries throughout the organization he has performed many tasks and services
beyond the ordinary call of duty. Best wishes for a bright and happy future are
extended to him from every member of his Union.
TORONTO LADIES PLAN ANNUAL BAZAAR
The Editor
Greetings from Auxiliary No. 303, Toronto!
Our Auxiliary meets the second and fourth Thursdays of each month. 8 p.m.
at the Sons' of England Hall, 2 Berti St. The first meeting of the month is a
business meeting at which we receive new members and the second meeting we
have some social function.
This year our Auxiliary took part in the Labor Day Parade and only three
of our members were absent. After we arrived at the Exhibition Grounds we
all had dinner together and had a very enjoyable time.
Our Annual Bazaar, which is our big effort for funds, will be held on Novem-
ber 2 7, at 2:30 p.m. at the Sons' of England Hall. Several very desirable articles
have been donated for our sale of work and draw. A euchre party will be held in
the evening to which we will invite the Brotherhood, Local 2 7.
Our officers are: President, Sister Minter; Vice-President, Sister Redwood;
Secretary, Sister Ida Taylor; Treasurer, Sister Roberts; Warden. Sister Jones;
Conductor, Sister Horwood; Trustees, Sister Martha Taylor, Sister Woodhouse and
Sister Bryant; Social Convenor, Sister Thorogood; Benevolent Convenor, Sister
Duncan.
Fraternally yours,
Ida M. Taylor, Secretary.
GARY AUXILIARY YOUNG BUT ACTIVE
The Editor:
We. the Ladies of Auxiliary No. 417, Gary, Indiana, extend fraternal greetings
to all sister auxiliaries of our great United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America. Although we have been organized less than a year we all feel that
we have been making wonderful progress.
Our meetings are held each third Thursday of the month at seven-thirty p.m.
We hold our business sessions first, following which we usually enjoy a fine social
evening. We play bunco and other games all can enjoy. We also usually have a
handkerchief shower for members whose birthdays fall within the meeting month.
The evening winds up with refreshments being served and everyone has a grand
time.
At the present time our main project is a Hallowe'en Party we are sponsoring
in conjunction with Carpenters Local No. 98 5. We have many plans for the
future and all of us enjoy reading "To the Ladies" department in The Carpenter.
Fraternally yours,
Mrs. R. G. Martin.
Craft Probloms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 230
By H. H. Siegele
The scriber, which is often called
scribers, is one of the little tools that a
carpenter can hardly afford to be with-
out. It is light, and not too bulky to
be carried in a pocket. The carpenter
who carries a scriber, just as he does
a jack knife, will find that it will solve
a great many little problems for him as
he goes about his daily tasks.
Fig. 1 is a drawing of a scriber Jhat
is commonly used by carpenters. One
of the legs is made so it will hold a
pencil, while the other leg has an ad-
justable tongue fastened to it. Com-
passes or dividers are used for the same
purposes, but usually the marking is
done by scratching. However, pencil
dividers or pencil compasses give prac-
Fig. 2
tically as good results as the scriber,
but those instruments are not only dif-
ficult to carry in a pocket, but they are
dangerous. The common name for di-
viders or compasses is compass.
Fig. 2 gives a simple but practical
use for a scriber. Here, to the left, we
show the bottom end of a door casing,
which does not fit to the floor. After
the casing has been adjusted to bring
the edge parallel with the door jamb,
the workman takes the scriber and
marks from point A to B. as indicated
by the arrow and dotted line. This done,
the casing is cut off to this mark, which
will make it fit the floor. To the right
Fh
this casing is shown nailed on and fit-
ting the floor perfectly.
Fig. 3 shows to the right a section
of a base in place, to which another base
is to be fitted. This is shown to the left,
blocked up a little, ready for marking.
The dotted line and arrow show how
the marking is done from point A to
B. The marking can be done just as
effectively in the reverse order, that is,
starting at point B and marking up to A.
When the scribing is done, cut the base
to the mark and you will have a tight
joint when the base is in place.
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CARPENTRY. — Has 302 p., 754 il., covering general
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Fig. 4 shows how a piece of furniture
(only the bottom part shown) is wedged
up in a level position, ready for scribing
to a rather rough floor, which is an
exaggeration. The dotted line indicates
the scribed line, to which the cutting
must be done in order to make the case
fit the floor. Fig. 5 shows the same case
in place, joining the floor accurately.
scribed. The bottom edge of the
board will be kept on a level. The
wall
first
Fig. 6
thing to be done is shown by Fig. 7.
A strip of stiff paper or wall board is
Fig. 5
Fig. 6 shows an exaggerated situa-
tion. Here is an irregular top to scribe
to. and irregular sides to which the
same piece of wall board must be
Fig. 7
tacked to the studding at the top, as
shown. The bottom edge must be kept
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30
THE CARPENTER
perfectly level. With a scriber it is
marked as indicated by the dotted line.
Then it is removed and fastened with
fine brads to the wall board, keeping
the bottom edge parallel with the upper
edge of the board. Now cut both the
strip and the wall board to the scribed
line with one operation, which will leave
the wall board as shown at the top in
Fig. 9, where the upper dotted line
shows how much has been cut off from
the edge. The lower dotted line shows
where the edge of the strip or templet
was located.
Fig 8 shows two strips of wall board
or stiff paper tacked to the studding at
each of the sides. The edges of these
strips must be perfectly plumb, as point-
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ed out by the indicators. Now the
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by dotted lines. These templets are
then fastened to the wall board, as
shown in Fig. 9, in such a manner that
they will be at a right angle to the
bottom edge of the wall board, as indi-
Fig. 8
cated by the two squares. The two dot-
ted lines at the top are parallel with
the bottom edge of the wall board. Be-
fore the cutting is done, the templets
should be checked with the place that
the wall board must fit. by measuring
the distances, in order to be sure that
the templets are correctly placed. When
sure that the templets are right, cut to
the scribed mark, as in the other case;
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Name Address.
that is, cut the templets and the wall
board with one operation. The parts
that are to be cut off are shown shaded.
I have purposely exaggerated the irreg-
ularities of the walls for emphasis. In
practice the irregularities, in most cases,
would hardly be noticeable.
H/a// Board
Fig. 9
Fig. 10 shows how the wall board will
fit into the place, if the marking and
cutting have been painstakingly done.
I know that it can be done, because I
Fig. 10
~W
TPT*
scribed such a board to fit into just such
a place.
There are other ways that this can be
accomplished, and if the reader knows
of a better way, that is the way to do it.
LABEL of United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America
This label stands for a wage commensurate
with the labor performed, for superior workman-
ship, the mechanical training and education of
the apprentice and fair working conditions.
Be sure to see that it appears on all store
and bar fixtures, trim, cigar boxes and beer
bottle cases and on all wood products.
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K OTICE
The publishers of "The Carpenter" reserve the
right to reject all advertising matter which may
be, in their judgment, unfair or objectionable to
the membership of the United Brotherhood of
Carpenters and Joiners of America.
All Contracts for advertising space in "The Car-
penter," including those stipulated as non-can-
cellable, are only accepted subject to the above
reserved rights of the publishers.
Index of Advertisers
Carpenters' Tools and Accessories
Page
E. C. Atkins & Co., Indian-
Foley Mfg. Co., Minneapolis, Minn. 32
Henry Disston & Sons, Inc.,
Philadelphia, Pa. 1
Mall Tool Co., Chicago, 111. 3rd Cover
F. P. Maxson, Chicago, 111. 30
Millers Falls Co., Greenfield,
North Bros. Mfg. Co., Phila-
delphia, Pa. _ 3rd Cover
The Speed Co., Portland, Ore. 29
Sharp's Framing Square, L. L.
Crowley, Salem, Ore 4
Stanley Tools, New Britain, Conn._3rd Cover
E. Weyer, New York, N. Y 30
Bowling Equipment
Brunswick, Balke, Collender Co.,
Chicago, 111. _ 29
Carpentry Materials
Johns-Manville Corp., New York,
N. Y. _ _ 29
The Upson Co., Lockport, N. Y. 3
Technical Courses and Books
American Technical Society, Chi-
Theo. Audel, New York, N. Y. 3rd Cove
Chicago Technical College, Chi-
cago, III. 29
Mason Engineering Service,
Kalamazoo, Mich. 28
D. A. Rogers, Minneapolis, Minn. 30
H. H. Siegele, Emporia, Kans. 28
Tamblyn System, Denver, Colo— 32
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A8JDELS Carpenters
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How to use the steel square — How to file and set
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rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— Es-
timating strength of timbers — How to set girdera
end sills — How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate—How to use settings 12. 13 and 17 on the
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skylights— How to build stairs— How to put on
interior trim — How to hang, doors — How to lath-
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Mail Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides. 4 vols., on 7 days free
trial. If OK I will remit $1 in 7 days and $1 monthly until $6 is paid.
Otherwise I will return them. No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Employed by.
CAR
W, WS SAW REALLY CUTS!"
"THAT'S AN
AWNS,
BOY, AND
THEY ALWAYS
CUT GOOD."
have been
Actually. A,k;,S^90ye°".A"d
"cutting 9°°^ n filings, too-
they cut l°"8ersb*rf. manufactured
Atkins "Silver S.^hen saen
under a spec a\ form tempered,
fifica.W heat-treated . ^
gives teeth edge n a and
*°* mak!,far or u«k«l.d hands.
sure, in sk.lled ar un h
Atkins Handsaw, hav ^^ and
-'"''fmro -rs,afavari»esaw
kept them, tor y
among carpenters.
E. C. ATKINS AND COMPANY
Indianapolis 9, Indiana
ATKINS
. ■> i • : i-:>:
CARPENTER
FOUNDED 1881
Official Publication of the
UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS of AMERICA
DECEMBER, 1947
One-^FEight
EYERY three minutes — twenty-four hours a day.
365 days a year — an American dies of cancer.
Think of it! One out of eight people alive today
will sooner or later become a victim of this most
dreaded scourge of all time. This appalling loss of life
can and must be curbed. Education holds the answer.
Right now cancer research on a scale that defies imag-
ination is going on in all parts of the country. Under
the direction of the National Research Council, this cam-
paign is reaching out to almost every university, college
and medical center in the nation. American science,
which split the atom and harnessed jet propulsion, will
eventually find the answer. But in the meantime cancer's
annual toll can be greatly diminished.
It can be diminished if all people know the truth
about this vicious killer. They must be told that many
types of cancer are curable if placed under treatment
soon enough. They must be told that the American Can-
cer Society stands ready and eager to assist any and all
organizations with advice, educational pamphlets, sound
movies and transcriptions.
Your Brotherhood is standing back of the Society's
drive to beat down the scourge of cancer through edu-
cation. Shortly your Local Union will receive literature
dealing with this matter from the General Office. Read
it and digest it and enlist the cooperation of your Local
Union in this humanitarian fight which may save a life
in vour own familv.
Quality Panels Flow
From This Plant to Bring
Profit to Contractors . . . and
Satisfaction to Users
Progressive contractors and
carpenters are responsible for
this plant
. . . thinking business men whose
names constitute a veritable Blue
Book of the Building Industry.
. . . contractors and carpenters
who consider quality of product
and lasting reputation for them-
selves paramount to mere price.
THE UPSON COMPANY
LOCKPORT, NEW YORK
Upson Qualify Products Are Easily Identified
by the Famous Blue-Center.
PACEMAKER IN
CRACKPROOF PANELS
THE
A Monthly Journal, Owned and Published by the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners
of America, for all its Members of all its Branches.
FRANK DUFFY, Editor
Carpenters' Building, 222 E. Michigan Street, Indianapolis, 4, Indiana
Established in 1881
Vol. LXVII— No. 12
INDIANAPOLIS, DECEMBER, 1947
One Dollar Per Year
Ten Cents a Copy
This edition contains the reports of the delegates to American Federation of
Labor Convention and the Building Trades Department Convention in addition to
the minutes of the recent meeting of the General Executive Board. Since these
important items required so much space several regular features have had to be
deleted this month.
Although the war is over, the paper situation remains extremely tight. Our quota is so limited
that we must continue confining The Carpenter to thirty-two pages instead of the usual sixty-four.
Until such time as the paper situation improves, this will have to be our rule.
Entered July 22, 1915, at INDIANAPOLIS, IND., as second class mail matter, under Act of
Congress, Aug. 24, 1912. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for
in Section 1103, act of October 3, 1917, authorized on July 8, 1918.
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The Chips Are Down
STUNG TO THE QUICK by passage of the vicious Taft-Hartley
Bill which received the blessings of many Congressmen who pro-
fessed to be friends of Labor, the American Federation of Labor,
at its Sixty-sixth Annual Convention, held in San Francisco last October,
literally took off its coat and rolled up its sleeves for a showdown fight
on the political front. Without a dissenting vote, the Convention adopted
a proposal put forth in the Executive Council's supplementary report
calling for the immediate establishment of a political arm of the Federa-
tion to be known as Labor's Educational and Political League." This was
the answer of the 7,000,000 workers who comprise the Federation to the
challenge of the predatory and vested interests which invented and
fostered and put over the Taft-Hartley Act.
Through the League, the political
efforts of all Federation affiliates,
from National and International
Unions to Local Unions and Dis-
trict and State bodies, will
be correlated for greater effective-
ness on election day. There will be
no abandoning of the traditional
policy of the Federation as em-
bodied in Sam Gomper's famous
quotation "We must stand by our
friends and punish our enemies,"
but henceforth all candidates of
whatever party will be measured by
their sympathy or lack of sympathy
toward the sound economic policies
advocated by the Federation.
Already the League has swung
into action. A meeting of the presi-
dents of all affiliated National and
International Unions has been
called for December 4th in Wash-
ington, D. C, for the purpose of
devising ways and means of offi-
cially launching the League in the
most effective and expeditious man-
ner. Your Brotherhood is sche-
duled to be represented at that
meeting. Out of the meeting is
scheduled to come a clear-cut blue-
print for marshalling labor's tre-
mendous political strength from
border to border and coast to coast
so that the organized workers can
wield their proper influence in the
forthcoming national elections next
year.
The aim of the entire program is
to reach down to the grass roots
and through effective organization
make the weight of labor's votes
felt at the local level as well as at
the national level. That the unions
which comprise the Federation are
in dead earnest about the matter
of effective political action is at-
tested to by the fact that at least
ten resolutions on the subject were
introduced at the recent Convention.
Since practically all the resolutions
urged the same things ; namely re-
peal of the Taft-Hartley Act and
the election of men to Congress
who are friendly toward labor's
aims in place of those who serve
only the vested interests, the Ex-
ecutive Council's recommendation
that a political arm be set up within
the Federation was substituted for
the ten resolutions and unanimously
passed.
Your Brotherhoood is keenly
aware of the need for machinery to
6 THE CARPENTER
make labor's political action effec- recognize their responsibilities and
tive in the years ahead. Your Broth- start paving the way for the closest
erhood is going- to help draw up possible cooperation with the pro-
the program and once an honest, gram which will be shortly imple-
workable program is arrived at, we mented by Labor's Educational and
are going to support it to the full- Political League,
est extent of our ability. But any Because it covers the entire ques-
program adopted is going to be tion of political action and the
only as effective as the support need therefore in the labor field,
Local Unions, District and State we herewith reprint the supplemen-
Councils give it. Therefore, the tal report of the Executive Council
time has arrived for Local Unions of the Federation as adopted by
and State and District Councils to the recent Convention:
Supplemental Report of the Executive Council
Labor's Educational and Political League
The tragic failure of the Eightieth Congress to serve the people, its
abject servility in advancing the interests of the most reactionary anti-
labor lobbies and combinations, and the wave of legislation against labor
in the various State legislatures make imperative the need for sound polit-
ical education and effective political action by organized labor.
In order to serve most effectively the interests of the workers of the
nation and to meet adequately the challenge presented by predatory and
vested interests we recommend that the 66th Annual Convention of the
American Federation of Labor authorize and direct the Executive Council
to arrange for the immediate establishment of "Labor's Educational and
Political League," to further the economic and political policies of the
American Federation of Labor.
i. It shall be the duty of "Labor's Educational and Political League''
to prepare and disseminate information by such media of communication
as the League may decide for the purpose of acquainting the workers
of the nation with the economic and political policies of the American
Federation of Labor.
2. The League shall prepare and disseminate information concerning
the attitude of candidates for nomination and/or election to Federal offices,
with particular reference to their attitudes toward the political and eco-
nomic policies of the American Federation of Labor.
3. The League shall take such other actions as it may deem advisable
in furtherance of its objectives.
4. The League shall provide for the raising of necessary funds, for
the conduct of its business, in such manner as it may determine.
5. The League shall be authorized to employ staff members necessary
to conduct its business and fix their compensation and expenses.
In order to carry out these proposals it is further recommended that
the Officers and Executive Council call a conference of the Presidents of
all the affiliated National and International Unions at the earliest possible
opportunity for the purpose of completing the structure, outlining methods
of procedure and in giving early and effective realization to the political
activities hereinbefore indicated.
Official Information
General Officers of
THE UNITED BROTHERHOOD of CARPENTERS and JOINERS
of AMERICA
General Office : Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General President
WM. L. HUTCHESON
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
First General Vice-President General Secretary
M. A. HUTCHESON PRANK DUFFY
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind. Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
Second General Vice-President General Treasurer
JOHN R. STEVENSON S. P. MEADOWS
Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind. Carpenters' Building, Indianapolis, Ind.
General Executive Board
First District, CHARLES JOHNSON, JR. Fifth District, R. E. ROBERTS
111 E. 22nd St., New York 10, N. Y. 3819 Cuming St., Omaha, Nebr.
Second District, WM. J. KELLY Sixth District, A. W. MUIR
Carpenters' Bldg., 243 4th Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. Box 1168, Santa Barbara, Calif.
Third District, HARRY SCHWARZER Seventh District, ARTHUR MARTEL
1248 Walnut Ave., Cleveland, O. 3560 St. Lawrence, Montreal, Que., Can.
Fourth District, ROLAND ADAMS WM. L. HUTCHESON, Chairman
712 West Palmetto St., Florence, S. C. FRANK DUFFY, Secretary
All correspondence for the General Executive Board must be sent to the General Secretary
REGULAR MEETING OF THE GENERAL EXECUTIVE
BOARD
St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, Cal.
September 29, 19 47.
Since the previous meeting of the General Executive Board the following
trade movements were acted upon:
April 11, 19 47.
Schuykill Haven, Pa., L. U. 2 28. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.12 % (Maintenance) $1.37 % (Millwright) and $1.50 (Journeymen) to $1.25,
$1.62% and $1.75 per hour, effective April 19, 1947. Official sanction granted,
without financial aid.
April 14, 1947.
Lawrence, Mass., L .U. 111.. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.75 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Columbus, Miss., L. U. 387. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective June 4, 1947. Official sanction gi-anted.
Sioux City, Iowa, L. U. 948. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.55
to $1.80 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Woodward, Okla., L. U. 1894. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.37% per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Tallahassee, Fla., L. U. 2139. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.50 per hour, effective May 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Muskegon, Mich., L. U. 3173. — Movement for an increase in wages from 77c
(men) and 73c (women) to 92c and 88c per hour, effective June 5, 1947. Official
sanction granted.
8 THE CARPENTER
April 16, 1947.
Boone, Iowa, L. U. 315. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.62% per hour, effective May 16, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Manhattan, Kan., L. U. 918. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 12, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Great Bend, Kan., L. U. 2184. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
April 18, 1947.
Barre, Vt., L. U. 481. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to $1.50
per hour, effective April 23, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Claremore, Okla., L. U. 1933. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.50 per hour, effective April 22, 1947. Official sanction granted.
April 21, 1947.
Wheeling, W. V., L. U. 3. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
(Construction) and $1.50 (Millmen) to $2.00 and $1.77% per hour, effective June
1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Portsmouth, Va., L. U. 303. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pekin, 111., L. U. 644. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75 to
$2.00 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Kalispell, Mont., L. U. 911. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.60
to $1.75 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Dubuque, Iowa, L. U. 9 3 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from 70c to
90c per hour, effective May 15, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial
aid.
Bristol, Conn., L. U. 59 2. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62% to
$1.87% per hour, effective June 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Sandpoint, Idaho, L. U. 1745. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to* $1.85 per hour, effective April 21, 1947. Official sanction granted.
April 29, 1947.
Clarks Summitt, Pa., L. U. 339. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.30 to $1.50 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
New Canaan, Conn., L. U. 409. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $2.00 per hour, effective June 19, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Bar Harbor, Me., L. U. 459. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.12%
to $1.25 per hour, effective June 20, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Stroudsburg, Pa., L. U. 501. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.37% per hour, effective May 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Framingham, Mass., L. U. 860. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.75 per hour, effective May 4, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Emporia, Kan., L. U. 1224. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Verona, Mo., L. U. 1586. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.62% per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
May 2, 1947.
Everett, Wash., L. U. 562. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.81 to
$1.93% per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Moscow, Idaho, L. U. 1605. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.85 per hour, effective June 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPEXTER 9
Meridian, Miss., L. U. 2313. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective April 24, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
May 6, 19 47.
Brantford, Ont., Can., L. U. 49 8.— Movement for an increase in wages from
95c to $1.25 per hour, effective May 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Fort Edward, N. Y., L. U. 6 73.— Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.25 to $1.50 per hour, effective June 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
St. Louis, Mo., L. U. 795, (Boxmakers). — Movement for an increase in wages
from 73c (minimum) 97c (maximum) to $1.22 per hour, effective May 5, 1947.
Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
Newton, Iowa, L. U. 1133. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.00
to $1.50 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Borger, Texas, L. U. 1201. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective April 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
May 9, 1947.
Charleston. 111., L. U. 518. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Dover, N. J., L. U. 594. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75 to
$2.00 per hour, effective June 5, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Wichita Falls, Texas, L. U. 9 77.- — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.75 per hour, effective June 25, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Marseilles, 111., L. U. 103 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $1.87% per hour, effective June 2, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Titusville, Pa., L. U. 1130. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40
to $1.50 per hour, effective June 14, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Mt. Vernon, Ohio, L. U. 2280. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective April 28, 1947. Official sanction granted.
May 15, 1947.
Worcester, Mass., L. U. 107. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62%
to $1.85 per hour, effective July 3, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Vincennes, Ind., L.U. 274.— Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective May 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Oklahoma City, Okla., L. U. 329.- — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.67% to $1.S5 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, with-
out financial aid.
Salem, 111., L. U. 79 8. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.62% per hour, effective June 24, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Penn Yan, N. Y., L. U. 996. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 (Residence work) and $1.75 (Commercial) per hour, effective May 1,
1947. Official sanction granted.
Munising, Mich., L. U. 3100. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.04
to $1.19 per hour, effective April 26, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
May 22, 1947.
Lancaster, Pa., L. U. 59. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.75 per hour, effective May .6, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Canton, 111., L. U. 293. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.62% per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Gloucester, Mass., L. TJ. 910. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective June 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid .
Danbury, Conn., L. U. 927. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective June 16, 1947. Official sanction granted.
10 THE CARPEXTER
Morris, 111.. L. U. 1161. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.55 to
SI. 75 per hour, effective June 9. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Boulder, Colo., L. U. 1480. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.85 per hour, effective August 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Watseka. 111., L. U. 1793. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective July 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
June 4, 1947.
Ashland, Ky., L. U. 472. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Lorain, Ohio, L. U. 705. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.87%
to $2.00 per hour, effective July 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
St. Cloud, Minn., L. U. 9 30. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.40 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Bridgeport. Conn., L. U. 1520. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective June 12, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Moundsville. W. Va., L. U. 1830. — Movement for an increase in wages from
§1.50 to $1.75 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
June 12, 1947.
Newport News, Va., L. U. 3 9 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37 % to $1.50 per hour, effective August 12, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Alliance, Ohio, L. U. 1023. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective September 12, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Laramie, Wyo., L. U. 143 2. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.70 per hour, effective August 8, 194 7. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Lubbock, Texas, L. U. 1S8 4. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.62 !2 per hour, effective July 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Tri-Counties D. C, Illinois. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.85 per hour, effective September 2, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
June 20, 1947.
Haverhill, Mass., L. U. 82. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective July 8, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Morton. 111., L. U. 255.- — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective June 14, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Portland, Me., L. U. 517. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7%
to $1.60 per hour, effective July 21, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Cody. Wyo.. L. U. 585. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
SI. 75 per hour, effective June 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Peshtigo. Wis.. L. U. 2294. (Boatbuilders). — Movement for an increase in
wages from 75c to 90c per hour, effective July 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
July 8, 1947.
Coldwater, Mich.. L. U. 202 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.62% to $1.80 per hour, effective July 8, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Longview, Wash., L. U. 17u7. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $1.93% per hour, effective July 1. 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
New Britain, Conn.. L. U. 9 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.62 %
to $1.87% per hour, effective August 9, 1947. Official sanction granted.
July 11, 1947.
Middletown, Ohio. L. U. 1477. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $1.90 per hour, effective August 15, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Huron, S. D., L. U. 1713. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25 to
$1.50 per hour, effective July 21, 1947. Official sanction granted.
THE CARPENTER 11
Hudson Falls, N. Y., L. U. 1027. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.40 to $1.65 per hour, effective September 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
July 24, 19 47.
Petersburg, Va., L. U. 153 4. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.65 per hour, effective September 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid.
Grafton, Ohio, L. U. 1426. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.87%
to $2.00 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
July 28, 1947.
Roanoke, Va., L. U. 319. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37% to
$1.50 (Carpenter) and $1.62% (Millwright) to $1.75 per hour, effective October
1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Sikeston, Mo., L. U. 618. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40 to
$1.50 per hour, effective September 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Pittsburg, Tenn., L. U. 1608. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.40
to $1.50 per hour, effective July 28, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Natchez, Miss., L. U. 1994. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.62 % (Carpenter) and $1.50 to $1.75 (Millwright) per hour, effective Sep-
tember 11, 1947. Official sanction granted, without financial aid.
Lacon, 111., L. U. 2063. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Falls Cities D. C, Louisville, Ky. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.20 to $1.50 per hour, effective September 21, 1947. Official sanction granted.
August 1, 1947.
Crossett, Ark., L. U. 49 7. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Peru, Ind., L. U. 932. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Marlboro, Mass., L. U. 9 8 8. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.3 7%
to $1.50 per hour, effective August 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Livingston, Mont., L. U. 1085. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.65 per hour, effective September 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Okawville, 111., L. U. 2106. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.15
to $1.25 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Norfolk, Nebr., L. U. 2364. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective August 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
August 8, 19 47.
Whitehall, Mont., L. U. 1647. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.00
to $1.50 per hour, effective July 10, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Bemidji, Minn., L. U. 1934. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.35
to $1.50 per hour, effective August 11, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Tallahassee, Fla., L. U. 2139. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective October 1, 1947. Official sanction granted, without
financial aid,
August 13, 19 4 7.
Fostoria, Ohio, L. U. 1766. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.58
to $1.80 (Carpenter) $1.58 to $2.00 (Millwrights) per hour, effective August 14,
1947. Official sanction granted.
Leavenworth, Kan., L. U. 49 9. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.75 per hour, effective August 14, 1947. Official sanction granted.
August 20, 1947.
Madisonville, Ky., L. U. 2310. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective October 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
12 THE CARPENTER
August 26, 1947.
Portsmouth, N. H., L. U. 921. — Movement for an increase in ^ages from
$1.37% to $1.50 per hour, effective October 20, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Bowling Green, Ky., L. U. 215 6. — Movement for an increase in wages from
§1.25 to $1.50 per hour, effective October 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
September 10. 19 47.
Bloomington, 111., L. U. 63. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75 to
$2.00 per hour, effective January 1, 1948. Official sanction granted, without finan-
cial aid.
Marshall, Texas, L. TJ. 776. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective October 23. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Cape Girardeau, Mo., L. U. 1770.- — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.50 per hour, effective November 10. 1947. Official sanction granted,
without financial aid.
Ponca City, Okla., L. TJ. 2008.- — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective November 2, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Duncan, Okla., L. U. 2221. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective September 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Sanford, Fla., L. TJ. 2376. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.25
to $1.50 per hour, effective October 22, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
September 16. 19 47.
Du Quoin, 111.. L. U. 510. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective November 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Williamson. W. Va., L. U. 1283.- — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.75 per hour, effective November 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Hillsboro, 111., L. TJ. 12 9 0. — Movement for an increase in wages from SI. 5 0
to $1.75 per hour, effective November 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
September 18. 1947.
Titusville, Pa., L. TJ. 1130. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective November 20, 1947. Official sanction granted.
September 23, 1947.
Altus, Okla., L. TJ. 285. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.37%
to $1.50 per hour, effective October 18, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Findlay. Ohio, L. TJ. 8 22. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.5S to
$1.75 per hour, effective October 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Coffeyville, Kans., L. TJ. 1212. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.50 per hour, effective November 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
October 1, 1947.
Newport, R. I., L. TJ. 874. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.45
to $1.75 per hour, effective October 1. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Fort Pierce, Fla., L. TJ. 22 08. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to 1.87% per hour, effective October 15. 1947. Official sanction granted.
Sweetwater, Texas, L. TJ. 2238. Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $150 per hour, effective December 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
October 2, 19 47.
Rawlins, Wyo., L. U. 6 5 9. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective November 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Dalhart, Texas, L. U. 23 70. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective December 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
October S, 1947.
Bellingham, Wash.. L. TJ. 756. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.80% to $1.93% per hour, effective September 12, 1947. Official sanction
granted.
THE CARPEXTER 13
Sapulpa, Okla., L. U. 1655. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.85 per hour, effective December 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Morgantown, N. C, L. U. 1673. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.25 to $1.50 per hour, effective October 15, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Parkersburg, W. Va., L. U. 1755. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.77% to $2.25 per hour, effective November 16, 1947. Official sanction granted.
October 14, 1947.
Hannibal, Mo., L. U. 607.- — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.87% per hour, effective December 2, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Hawthorne, Nev., L. U. 632.- — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $2.00 per hour, effective November 18, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Parkersburg, W. Va., L. U. 899. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.62% to $1.87% per hour, effective November 1, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Chillicothe, Ohio, L. U. 125 5. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.50 to $1.87% per hour, effective November 18, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Russellville, Ark., L. U. 1836. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.25 to $1.50 per hour, effective December 1, 1947. Official sanction granted.
McLeansboro, 111., L. U. 1895. — Movement for an increase in wages from
$1.37% to $1.50 per hour, effective December 2, 19 47. Official sanction granted.
Susanville, Calif., L. U. 2270. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.75
to $2.00 per hour, effective November 7, 1947. Official sanction granted.
October 16, 1947.
Tyler, Texas, L. U. 1104. — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50 to
$1.75 per hour, effective December 26, 1947. Official sanction granted.
Plainview, Texas, L .U. 2272.- — Movement for an increase in wages from $1.50
to $1.75 per hour, effective October 26, 1947. Official sanction granted.
The Board considered the action taken at a special meeting held July 24,
1947, and approves of same; which after a detailed explanation was given the
Board Members as to the activities of our attorneys in reference to the Labor
Management Act of 19 47 it was moved, seconded and unanimously carried that
the subject matter be referred to the General President to take whatever action
he deems necessary for the best interests of the organization.
Propositions coming before the convention of the American Federation of Labor,
beginning October 6, 19 47, were discussed and laid over for further consideration.
The General President reported that since the last meeting of the Board new
law suits had been started against the Brotherhood. The Board authorized the
General President to handle these suits as in former instances and report results
'to the next meeting of the Board.
The general welfare of the Brotherhood was discussed, showing satisfactory
results in its growth and advancement.
Motion passed that all correspondence with Representatives, District Councils,
Local Unions, State Councils and from miscellaneous sources which has now
been micro-filmed be disposed of. Carried unanimously.
The Board further recommended that the micro-filming of all records be done
on a yearly basis, and after being micro-filmed that the records be disposed of in
order to conserve space.
A communication from Local Union 1445, Topeka, Kansas, protesting the
elimination of accepting former service men without the payment of initiation fee
was discussed and ordered filed.
After discussion of a communication from Local Union 1098, Baton Rouge,
Louisiana, requesting a change in the present form of membership application it
was moved and seconded that the membership application blanks be revised to
include the following questions. "Are you a communist?" "Are you in sympathy
with communistic philosophy?" Also that a space be provided on the application
for the date when applicant signs same. Carried xmanimously.
14 THE CARPENTER
Discussion was had concerning a communication from one Michael J. Yuhase
wherein he requested the return of the initiation fee paid to Local Union 853,
Bound Brook, N. J. and it was the opinion of the General Executive Board that
inasmuch as the Day Book Sheets of Local Union 853 show that he paid his first
installment of the initiation fee amounting to $40.00 on August 1, 19 46 and that
he was initiated September 5, 19 46 that the amount of initiation fee should be
returned to him, due to the fact that he had made application for membership
prior to one year having elapsed after his discharge from Military Service. There
being no objection it was so ordered.
A communication from the Omaha District Council was presented, accompanied
by a statement giving an accounting of the contribution made by the General
Office in an attempt to defeat anti-labor legislation in the State of Nebraska
which was approved and ordered filed for future reference.
Request of Local Union 1367, Chicago, Illinois, that Joseph Konicek be granted
a life membership was held in abeyance pending investigation.
Appeal of Oliver Lance to the General Executive Board from the decision of
the General President in the case of Oliver Lance versus Local Union 1780, Las
Vegas, Nevada, wherein the General President sustaind the action of Local Union
1780 and dismissed the appeal, after giving careful consideration to this case it
was moved, and seconded that the decision of the General President be sustained.
Unanimously carried.
Motion was made that the accounting received from Local Union 9 46, Los
Angeles, California, of the receipts and expenses from September 26, 1946 to
September 23, 1947 be approved, and further reaffirm that the policy hereinbefore
in effect be continued. Carried unanimously.
The Board decided to continue their former policy in assisting members locked
out or on strike.
Appeal of Local Union 958, Marquette, Michigan, from the decision of the Gen-
eral Treasurer in disapproving the death claim of George C. Giesregen, a former
member of said Local Union, for the reason that he went three months in arrears
on January 31, 1945 and as he did not square up within one year he automatically
suspended himself. The Local Union admits the decision of the General Treasurer
is in accordance with the Laws of the Brotherhood. The decision of the General
Treasurer was sustained and the appeal dismissed.
Appeal of Local Union 795, St. Louis, Missouri, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the claim of the wife of Daniel Ferris, a de-
ceased member of Local Union 795 whose death benefit for $100.00 has been
paid, that she is entitled to $50.00 more, was carefully considered, after which the
decision of the General Treasurer was sustained and the appeal dismissed.
Appeal of Local Union 2280, Mt. Vernon, Ohio, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the death claim of Fred J. Berger, Sr., was
referred back to the General Treasurer for further investigation.
Appeal of Local Union 72, Rochester, New York, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the Disability claim of Martin Koster, a member
of said Local Union, on the grounds that the evidence does not show that he is
totally permanently disabled, was carefully considered, after which the decision of
the General Treasurer was sustained and the appeal dismissed.
Appeal of Local Union 687, Dailey, West Virginia, from the decision of the
General Treasurer in disapproving the death claim of Mary Linzette Vanscoy, wife
of Cecil Glenn Vanscoy, formerly a member of said Local Union, on the grounds
that he was deducted from membership on August 1941 report of said Local
Union as entering the Armed Service, but said Local Union did not comply with
the ruling of the General Executive Board by submitting a list of men in the
Service and paying per capita tax on them until the end of June 1943. Therefore,
the decision of the General Treasurer was sustained and the appeal dismissed.
THE CARPENTER 15
Renewal of Bond of C. A. Meloy, Chief Clerk in General Office, in the sum of
$10,000.00 for one year beginning April 1, 1947 through the Capitol Indemnity
Insurance Company of Indianapolis, Indiana, was referred to our Legal Depart-
ment.
Renewal of Workmen's Compensation Insurance for the Dominion of Canada
for one year beginning May 6, 19 47 through the United States Fidelity and
Guarantee Company of Baltimore, Maryland, was referred to our Legal Depart-
ment.
Renewal of Bond of General Secretary Duffy in the sum of $20,000.00 for
one year beginning August 15, 1947 through the United States Fidelity and
Guarantee Company of Baltimore, Maryland, was referred to our Legal Depart-
ment.
The General Secretary submitted his report for the year 1946 and after it
was checked up, it was filed for future reference.
Motion: That the General Secretary send a letter of protest to the Executive
Council of the American Federation of Labor setting forth the fact that the
Upholsterers' International Organization are infringing upon the jurisdiction of
the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America in issuing charters
under the designation of general woodworkers, casket makers, etc. Motion carried
unanimously.
No further business to be considered, the Board adjourned on October 16,
1947, to meet again at the call of the Chair.
Fraternally,
FRANK DUFFY, Secretary.
REPORT OF THE DELEGATES TO THE FORTIETH ANNUAL CONVENTION
OF THE BUILDING AND CONSTRUCTION TRADES DEPARTMENT
OF THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR
To the General Executive Board.
Brothers:
The Fortieth Annual Convention of the Building and Construction Trades
Department of the American Federation of Labor was held in the St. Francis
Hotel, San Francisco, Calif., on October 1, 2 and 3, 1947.
Eighty-nine Delegates were present from nineteen International Unions.
The President in his report said:
"With virtually complete removal of war-time controls and the elimination
of the most serious building materials shortages, the building and construction
industry in 1947 was better prepared than ever in its history to maintain a high
volume of activity and help meet the enormous backlog of building need accu-
mulated during the war and the first two years of reconversion. Yet the out-
look for the resumption of full productive activity on a peacetime basis was
darkened by extremely severe price inflation, led by building material prices.
Repeating the pattern of events following the first World War, the industry was
once again confronted with a runaway boom market. This is a matter of grave
and common concern to building and construction labor, the builders and the
public generally. Construction of homes, of industrial facilties, schools, hospitals,
highways and other structures is desperately needed. That need can be adequately
met only by maintaining an unfailing volume of full construction activity over a
period of years. Adoption of policies designed to stabilize construction at a
high level and to prevent the recurrence of violent fluctuations in construction and
employment is an imperative necessity. These policy objectives must be met
quickly and effectively, lest the welfare of the whole nation be placed in grave
jeopardy.
"To help provide employment opportunities for veterans and secure adequate
supply of well trained and qualified mechanics in the years to come, the Building
16
THE CARPENTER
and Construction Trades Department continued to cooperate actively with, em-
ployers and the government in speeding the apprenticeship training program. By
June, 1947. over 2.5 00 local apprenticeship councils were jointly established by
labor and employers in the building and construction industry in all parts of the
country. Our goal for the coming year is to double this number of apprentice-
ship councils, in order to make apprenticeship training facilities available under
proper standards, in every sizeable community.
''The Department continued to work in close cooperation with the Housing
Committee of the American Federation of Labor in its effort to secure the enact-
ment of the long-range post-war housing program. It will intensify its activities
to press for the final enactment of the comprehensive housing bill in the second
session of the 80th Congress.
'The passage of the Taft-Hartley Act on June 22, 1947, marks a black-letter day
in the annals of American labor legislation. The building tradesmen are firmly
determined to make common cause with their fellow-unionists in pressing for the
repeal of this law which gravely threatens not only industrial peace, but the very
freedom of our institutions. We are determined to succeed, under the leadership of
the American Federation of Labor, in wiping the Taft-Hartley law off the statute
books."
The Report of the President was unanimously adopted.
The Secretary-Treasurer's Report showed the membership of affiliated Inter-
national Unions to be as follows:
Average
members in good
standing 1946
International Unions
Asbestos Workers
Boilermakers
Bricklayers
Carpenters
Electrical Workers
Elevator Constructors _
Engineers
Granite Cutters
Iron Workers
Laborers
Lathers
Marble Polishers
Painters
Plasterers
Plumbers
Roofers
Sheet Metal Workers
Stone Cutters
Teamsters
15
25
. 3 0
8
25
1
50
,000
,100
,000
,000
,000
,164
,000
,000
,269
,750
,100
, 5 0 0
. 5 0 0
,000
,000
,583
,000
,900
,000
Average
Number
members in good
of
standing 19 4 7
Delegates
4,000
2
64,100
6
65,000
6
300,000
8
150.000
7
10,164
3
32,000
5
4,000
2
96,569
6
257,500
8
8,100
3
4,500
2
169,345
7
25,000
4
130,000
7
10,584
3
25,000
4
1,900
1
50,000
5
1,400,762
89
Total Membership 1,369,864
TOTAL AFFILIATES
Local Building and Construction Trades Councils 544
State Building and Construction Trades Councils 14
International Unions Affiliated with the Building & Construction Trades Dept. 19
Total 577
THE CARPENTER 17
The Executive Committee of the Department held five meetings during the
year at which fifty-four cases were considered and acted upon all of which were
reported to the Convention and approved.
The following Resolution was unanimously adopted and ordered presented to
the 66th Annual Convention of the American Federation of Labor:
Resolution No. 1
WHEREAS, There has been enacted by the Congress of the United States the
Taft-Hartley Act, and
WHEREAS, There has been unlimited publicity given to the provisions of the
Act by members of Congress who actively participated in the drafting and enact-:
ment of the Act, and
WHEREAS, Labor against whom this Act is most restrictive has had little
opportunity to present the facts to the general public, we at this time in a con-
vention of the American Federation of Labor declare that we as American
citizens have one intention — to be law abiding, and we will endeavor with every
means within our power to find out from the Administrators of this Act how it is
possible for us as law abiding citizens to comply with the Act. Due to the many
unworkable provisions in the Act, the Administrators have been unable up to this
time to inform or advise us how we can comply with the Act. Nevertheless, as an
example, we cite the following: One provision of the Act provides that before a
labor organization is eligible for certification, all of its officers must comply
with certain conditions] They must supply the General Counsel of the National
Labor Relations Board an affidavit to the effect that they are not Communists or
members of a political party or any organization that advocates the overthrow
of the United States Government by force, and
WHEREAS, It would appear that American Federation of Labor organiza-
tions were far in advance of Congress on this particular point in view of the
fact that the majority of the constitutions of the national and international
American Federation of Labor organizations provide that a member of the
Communist party or any other party that advocates the overthrow of the United
States Government by force is ineligible to be either an officer or member of
such a union, and
WHEREAS, There are court records which prove that the courts, State and
Federal, have compelled labor organizations to grant to Communists the right
to hold membership. We of the American Federation of Labor now find ourselves
in a most precarious position. As law abiding citizens it is impossible for us in
view of these court rules to comply with the Act as now interpreted by the
Administrators provided for under the Act, and
WHEREAS, As National and International Unions affiliated with the American
Federation of Labor we are not the creatures of the American Federation of Labor,
but the creators of the American Federation of Labor, with full control of their
own policies and the American Federation of Labor holds only the power
granted to it by the autonomous National and International Unions acting in con-
vention assembled, therefore, be it
RESOLVED,- That although the inconsistencies, uncertainties and discrimina-
tions visited upon Labor by the un-American Taft-Hartley Labor Act are many
we resolve that Labor will fight to right its wrongs in the American way —
through the aid of the courts, the ballot-box, and by Congressional action. To
this end we pledge our best efforts without reservation; and, be it further
RESOLVED, That until such time as by orderly procedure the Taft-Hartley
Act shall be amended, repealed or invalidated by either judicial or Congressional
action we, as law abiding citizens and members of the American Federation of
Labor, will endeavor to conform to such of the filing requirements of the Act
as will free our membership from the penalties of non-compliance; and, be it
further
18 THE CARPENTER
RESOLVED, By the American. Federation of Labor in convention assembled
that all of its elective officers yield to the present filing requirements of the
Law but without prejudice to the right of each to thereafter make objections to
the Act and in such manner as shall be inherent in every free American citizen,
as we are utterly opposed to the ruling of General Counsel Denham as it deprives
hundreds of thousands of our membership in autonomous National and Interna-
tional Unions from their enjoying their rights and equities under the Law.
RICHARD J. GRAY
HERBERT RIVERS
Building and Construction Trades Department.
The following Resolution was unanimously adopted:
Resolution No. 2
WHEREAS, The people of our great country, having fought as free men and
often given their very lives to gain and maintain the cherished liberties upon
which our Nation was founded; and
WHEREAS, Our people have within their power the privilege of the elective
franchise, if they choose to exercise it, through which means they may forge
their destinies, and see to it that their beliefs of social and economic benefits
are carried into effect by elected governmental officers and representatives, who
share in their beliefs to the end that they will promulgate them; and
WHEREAS. It has become profoundly apparent that in order that the people
of our land have their will exercised in the manner they desire, they must accept
and exercise their elective franchise; and
WHEREAS. The setting aside of certain enumerated hours upon election days
for the purpose of voting will serve to keenly impress upon all our citizens the
extreme importance of their exercising their privilege upon election day to main-
tain their ideals of a great nation and a better world, as well as affording them
the time to consider their vote with intelligence and resolution; now, therefore be it
RESOLVED. That the Building Trades Department of the American Federa-
tion of Labor declare and hold the two hours between 3:00 and 5:00 P.M: as
non-working hours for its entire membership, in order that they may have ample
opportunity to exercise their elective franchise on any day upon which an election
is held, whether it be a general, special or primary election of any type, and in
which governmental officers or representatives are to be nominated or elected, or
wherein any special measures are to be submitted upon vote for either our national,
state or municipal governments.
JOSEPH MARSHALL, Laborers
WILLIAM MCCARTHY, Marble Polishers
MARTIN P. DURKIN, Plumbers
D. W. TRACY, Electrical Workers
ROBERT BYRON, Sheet Metal Workers
HARRY C. BATES, Bricklayers.
The present set of officers was re-elected without opposition and after being
installed the Convention adjourned.
Respectfully submitted,
WM. L. HUTCHESON
M. A. HUTCHESON
FRANK DUFFY
DANIEL J. BUTLER
ROBERT M. JOHNSON
WM. A. CRISSMAN
JOHN R. HILL
S. P. MEADOWS
Delegates.
THE CARPENTER
19
REPORT OF THE DELEGATES TO THE SIXTY-SIXTH ANNUAL, CONVENTION
OF THE AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR
To the General Executive Board.
Brothers:
The Sixty-sixth Annual Convention of the American Federation of Labor was
held in the Civic Auditorium of San Francisco, California, beginning Monday morn-
ing, October 6, 1947.
6 69 Delegates were present as herewith shown:
Number
of
Unions
Name
Number
1 of
| Delegates
Number
of
Votes
96
4
41
169
62
2
National and International Unions
Departments
State Bodies
Central Labor Unions
Local Trade and Federal Labor Unions
Fraternal Organizations
| 393
1 4
41
169
59
3
72,412
4
41
169
544
3
374
| 669
73,173
In the Annual Report the Executive Council says:
"The past year has been a momentous one in the history of the labor movement
as well as all other institutions constituting our country. The election of 1946
was a vote against any kind of dictatorship and a reaffirmation of democratic
principles, individual right, and free enterprise. Unfortunately the party put in
power interpreted the vote to mean repudiation of all policies and decisions of
the party previously entrusted with responsibility for legislation and administra-
tion. They focused their attack on amending the National Labor Relations Act
established to assure wage earners the right to promote their welfare through
collective action. This attack was supplemented by disruption of the Department
of Labor by transfer of labor functions to agencies outside of Labor's Department,
and sharp curtailments of funds for government agencies serving Labor. Before
there was time for more balanced judgment, employers' organizations traditionally
hostile to unions took advantage of the situation to put their lawyers at the
service of Members of Congress in order to draft legislation to check union strength
and effectiveness.
"The action of Congress is doubly regrettable because the world is looking to
the United States for material help and for proof that democracy assures rights
and opportunities for all national groups. Though the fighting war is over we have
not yet won the peace for democracy. In the present crisis of international
relations, all our national policies are under world review and directly affect our
ability to carry out our international programs. Reactionary employers used their
great opportunity not to serve but to embarrass the cause of democracy. These
efforts to handicap and weaken unions have roused wage earners of the United
States who have the resourcefulness and the faith to meet their difficulties in a
way that will serve and strengthen our democratic institutions. The coming year
will witness a revival of trade unions which will make each member conscious of
his responsibilities."
Then follows a detailed list of the Total Receipts and Expenses for the year.
The paid up membership numbers 7,577,716.
Other matters dealt with in the Report were:
Official changes on the Council.
20 THE CARPENTER
Conferences with the C. I. O.
Machinists Still Out.
Jurisdictional Problems.
Purchase of Ground for a new A. F. of L. Headquarters.
Organizing Activities.
United States Foreign Policy.
International Labor Relations.
Latin American Activities.
Consumer Cooperatives and Credit Unions.
Benefits Paid by National and International Unions.
Social Security.
Legislation.
Housing, etc.
The Executive Council in a Supplemental Report proposed that the Vice-
Presidents of the Federation be discontinued and in their stead Executive Council
members be elected to be known as the First Executive Council Member, the
Second Executive Council Member and so on. Herewith follows the Report of the
Executive Council on this matter:
Officers
In order that affiliated federal labor unions of the American Federation of
Labor may fully exercise their right to qualify or not to qualify under the Taft-
Hartley Act without in any way interfering with the right of any individual officer
of a national or international union to follow the policy of his own organization
in this regard, the Council recommends the following changes in the Constitution
of the American Federation of Labor:
Section 1 of Article V, which now reads:
"The officers of the Federation shall consist of a President, 13 Vice Presidents,
and a Secretary-Treasurer, to be elected by the convention on the last day of the
session, unless otherwise determined by the convention, and these officers shall
be the Executive Council."
shall be changed to read as follows:
"The officers of the Federation shall consist of a President and a Secretary-
Treasurer, to be elected by the convention on the last day of the session, unless
otherwise determined by the convention."
Further, that Article IX of the Constitution of the American Federation of
Labor shall be amended in the following manner: that Section 1 be renumbered
Section 2, Section 2 be renumbered Section 3, Section 3 be renumbered Section 4,
Section 4 be renumbered Section 5, Section 5 be renumbered Section 6, Section 6
be renumbered Section 7, Section 7 be renumbered Section 8, Section 8 be renum-
bered Section 9, Section 9 be renumbered Section 10, Section 10 be renumbered
Section 11, Section 11 be renumbered Section 12, Section 12 be renumbered Sec-
tion 13, Section 13 be renumbered Section 14.
A new Section 1 shall be inserted at the beginning of Article IX to read as
follows:
"There shall be constituted an Executive Council consisting of thirteen (13)
members who shall be elected by the convention on the last day of the session
unless otherwise determined by the convention. These thirteen (13) members of
the Executive Council shall be designated and elected as the First Executive
Council Member, the Second Executive Council Member and so forth.
"All Executive Council Members shall be members of a local organization con-
nected with the American Federation of Labor. The term of the present Executive
THE CARPENTER 21
Council shall expire when their successors have been duly elected; the newly
elected Council Member shall function as such until December 31st following the
next convention. The President and Secretary-Treasurer shall also be members
of the Executive Council by virtue of their office."
As stated in the report, the purpose of this proposed change in the constitution
is to increase the freedom of decision of federal local unions with reference to
their actions and policies concerning requirements of the Taft-Hartley Law. If
adopted this Constitutional revision would establish the President and Secretary-
Treasurer of the American Federation of Labor as the only "officers" of the Fed-
eration within the meaning of the Taft-Hartley Law. Such action would not,
however, curtail or limit the responsibility and authority of the Executive Council.
After a lengthy and animated debate the report was adopted by more than a
two-third vote and is now the law.
SUPPLEMENTAL. REPORT OP THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
Increase in Per Capita Tax
The Executive Council recommends that the revenues of the Federation be
augmented to meet the pressing needs of our organization by increasing the per
capita tax on all members of our affiliated national and international unions to
three (3) cents per member per month and on members of local trade unions and
federal labor unions to thirty-seven (37) cents per member per month.
In order to carry out this objective, the Council recommends that Section I
of Article X of the constitution, which reads as follows:
"Section 1. The revenue of the Federation shall be derived from a per capita
tax to be paid upon the full paid-up membership of all affiliated bodies, as follows:
From International or National Trade Unions, a per capita tax of two (2) cents
per member per month up to 200,000 members, and one and one-half (1%) cents
per member per month for members in excess of 200,000; from Local Trade Unions
and Federal Labor Unions, thirty-six (36) cents per member per month, eight and
one-half ( 8 y2 ) cents of which must be set aside to be used only in the case of
strike or lockout unless otherwise, ordered by the Executive Council; the amount
received by the American Federation of Labor on each initiation fee from all
directly affiliated local unions shall be 25 per cent of the total initiation fee
received by the local union from the individual, but in no case shall the amount
received by the American Federation of Labor be less than one dollar; from Cen-
tral and State Bodies, $10 per year, payable quarterly. Revenue may also be
derived from assessments when and as ordered by a majority vote of a regular or
special convention."
be amended to read:
"Section 1. The revenue of the Federation shall be derived from a per capita
tax to be paid upon the full-paid-up membership of all affiliated bodies, as follows:
From International or National Trade Unions, a per capita tax of three (3) cents
per member per month; from Local Trade Unions and Federal Labor Unions,
thirty-seven (37) cents per member per month, eight and one-half (8*4) cents of
which must be set aside to be used only in case of strike or lockout unless
otherwise ordered by the Executive Council; the amount received by the American
Federation of Labor on each initiation fee from all directly affiliated local unions
shall be 2 5 per cent of the total initiation fee received by the local union from the
individual, but in no case shall the amount received by the American Federation of
Labor be less than one dollar; from Central and State Bodies, $10 per year, pay-
able quarterly. Revenue may also be derived from assessments when and as
ordered by a majority vote of a regular or special convention or when derived in
accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1, Art. XII."
The Executive Council further recommends that the Council be given authority
to levy assessments on all affiliated unions when the interests of the American
22 THE CARPENTER
Federation of Labor require and when funds available from per capita tax are
insufficient to meet the needs of the American Federation of Labor.
In order to carry out this objective, the Council recommends that Section 1 of
Article XII, which reads as follows:
"Section 1. The Executive Council shall have power to declare a levy of one
cent per member per week on all affiliated unions for a period not exceeding ten
weeks in any one year, to assist in the support of an affiliated National or Inter-
national Union engaged in a protracted strike or lockout."
be amended to read:
"Section 1. The Executive Council shall have power to levy assessments on all
affiliated unions when the interests of the American Federation of Labor require
and when funds available from per capita tax are insufficient to meet the needs of
the American Federation of Labor."
This Section was amended to read as follows:
"The Executive Council shall have power to declare a levy of one cent per
member per week on all affiliated unions for a period not exceeding twenty-six
weeks in any one year when the interests of the American Federation of Labor re-
quire and when funds available from per capita tax are insufficient to meet the
needs of the American Federation of Labor."
The report as amended was adopted.
SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
Hollywood Jurisdiction Controversy
The Executive Council has made every possible effort to effect a solution of
this above mentioned controversy during the two years which have elapsed since a
three-man committee was designated by the Council in October of 19 45 to investi-
gate and determine the issues involved. Despite these efforts the controversy
remains unsettled.
The Council reaffirms its approval of the decision of the three-man committee
rendered on December 26, 1945, together with the clarification and interpretation
of that decision subsequently rendered.
The Council recommends that this convention approve of the efforts thus far
made to resolve this controversy and that it authorize and direct the Executive
Council to continue its efforts to bring about full acceptance on the part of all
parties concerned of the directive, clarification and interpretation, and in addition
further direct the Council to make all possible effort to finally resolve this con-
troversy.
Referred to the Committee on Resolutions and reported on as follows:
Your committee notes the efforts and action taken by the Executive Council to
bring about an adjustment of this dispute. It recommends continuance of these
efforts to bring about a speedy adjustment.
The report was adopted.
SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
Labor's Educational and Political League
The tragic failure of the Eightieth Congress to serve the people, its abject
servility in advancing the interests of the most reactionary anti-labor lobbies and
combinations, and the wave of legislation against labor in the various State legis-
latures make imperative the need for sound political education and effective polit-
ical action by organized labor.
In order to serve most effectively the interests of the workers of the nation and
to meet adequately the challenge presented by predatory and vested interest, we
TTfE CARPENTER 23
recommend that the 6 6th Annual Convention of the American Federation of
Labor authorize and direct the Executive Council to arrange for the immediate
establishment of "Labor's Educational and Political League" to further tbe eco-
nomic and political policies of the American Federation of Labor.
1. It shall be the duty of "Labor's Educational and Political League" to pre-
pare and disseminate information by such media of communication as the League
may decide for the purpose of acquainting the workers of the nation with the
economic and political policies of the American Federation of Labor.
2. The League shall prepare and disseminate information concerning the atti-
tude of candidates for nomination and/or election to Federal offices, with partic-
ular reference to their attitude toward the political and economic policies of the
American Federation of Labor.
3. The League shall take such other actions as it may deem advisable in
furtherance of its objectives.
4. The League shall provide for the raising of necessary funds for the conduct
of its business, in such manner as it may determine.
5. The League shall be authorized to employ staff members necessary to con-
duct its business and fix their compensation and expenses.
In order to carry out these proposals it is further recommended that the Officers
and Executive Council shall call a conference of the Presidents of all of the
affiliated National and International Unions at the earliest possible opportunity
for the purpose of completing the structure outlining methods of procedure and
in giving early and effective realization to the political activities hereinbefore
indicated.
Referred to the Committee on Resolutions and reported on as follows:
Plan for Political Campaign — 1948
The Presidential and Congressional campaign of 19 48 will parallel a world
crisis in which those countries assuring their citizens individual rights and repre-
sentatives of their own choosing are forced to oppose aggression and domination
by countries which deny their citizens personal freedom and hold them under
control by secret police and central authority. It is regrettable at the same time
that the wage earners of the United States must fight to recapture the right of
self-government within their unions in order to regain relief against arbitrary
government through the injunction and freedom of contract to determine terms
and conditions under which they work. The legislative gains of several decades
were wiped out by the Taft-Hartley Act.
There has been enacted a law that distinguishes free from unfree labor, and
which injects political regulations into the operation of voluntary organizations
and so restricts collective bargaining that duly selected representatives of the
parties to a contract are not able freely and expeditiously to come to mutually
satisfactory agreements. Such denial of freedom of contract takes from workers
equal participation in free enterprise and equal right to promote their welfare and
happiness. Restrictions on workers involve managements and the whole business
enterprise in annoying and arbitrary procedures that are contrary to the operation
and spirit of free enterprise.
The American Federation of Labor, which has assumed responsibility for
rescuing free trade unions at the international level, is handicapped by this reac-
tionary and vindictive legislation. It is imperative that the Taft-Hartley Act be
repealed without delay. We cannot work shoulder to shoulder with Government
on behalf of world democracy if our unions are hampered in performing their
fundamental duties and services to their members and their industries which con-
stitute the foundations of American society.
Freedom of organization and collective bargaining are the very heart of free-
dom in the lives of wage earners, hence our first duty and responsibility is to
24 THE CARPENTER
regain the self-government of which the Taft-Hartley Act robbed us. To this end
we recommend concentration on political action in such proportions as to regain
our freedom and the opportunity to do our full part against the Avoiid menace
to democracy.
Our plans must be adequate so that all voters and all political organizations
may be fully informed and aware of the dangers threatening our national insti-
tutions and the welfare of those who work for wages. We must explain the issues
to all citizens. We must make the facts clear to the minds and consciences of
party leaders, as well as inform voting workers effectively on party programs
and records of their nominees for Executive Offices and for Congress.
Your committee recommends approval of this portion of the Executive Coun-
cil's report, but in so doing, it is done with the understanding that those unions
prohibited by law from participating in political activties are exempted from any
of the above requirements.
In connection with this portion of the Executive Council's report, your com-
mittee considered Resolutions Nos. 3, 15, 17, 20, 24, 116, 124, 127, 159, 160, all
of which deal with Political Action.
In lieu of these resolutions your committee submits its report on the Executive
Council's supplementary report on plans for political campaign.
The report of the committee was adopted.
COMMUNISM
The following Resolution was unanimously endorsed:
WHEREAS, The Communists and their fellow-travelers are a constant threat
to any sound and constructive program proposed by the American Federation of
Labor for the welfare of the workers, and
WHEREAS, The Communists and their fellow-travelers place the party line, as
handed down by Moscow, above their loyalty to the American Federation of Labor
and the United States Government, and
WHEREAS, The deceit and treachery of the Communists and their fellow-
travelers is typical of their atheistic principles and foreign to those basic principles
and beliefs which have motivated the actions of the Amercan Federation of Labor
and our country since their inception, and
WHEREAS, The well-established objective of the Communists and their fellow-
travelers is to use the trade union movement as a vehicle to put over their
totalitarian plan, therefore, be it
RESOLVED, That the sixty-sixth convention of the American Federation of
Labor renew the Federation's declared policy of all-out war against Communists
and their fellow-travelers who would use the free trade union movement as a
vehicle to destroy it.
The present set of officers were re-elected with the exception of John L. Lewis
of the Coal Miners who refused to run and Brother Daniel W. Tracy, President of
the Electrical Workers, was elected in his place.
Respectfully submitted.
WM. L. HUTCHESON
M. A. HUTCHESON
FRANK DUFFY
CHAS. W. HANSON
ROBERT S. SAUNDERS
WM. GOLDBERG
F. C. ALLAN
M. J. SEXTON
K. A. GORDON
Delegates.
THE CARPENTER 25
REPORT OF THE DELEGATE TO THE SIXTY-SECOND ANNUAL, CONVENTION
OF THE TRADES AND LABOR CONGRESS OF CANADA
Mr. Wm. L. Hutcheson
General President.
Dear Sir and Brother:
I am submitting herewith my report of the 62nd Annual Convention of the
Trades and Labor Congress of Canada, at which Convention I had the honor and
privilege of representing the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners.
The Convention convened in Hamilton, on Wednesday, September 24th, at
the Royal Connaught Hotel at 10:00 A.M. and ended on Friday, October 3rd, 1947.
President Bruce Docherty of the Hamilton and District Trades and Labor
Council opened the first session, and called upon the Rt. Rev. L. W. B. Broughall,
D.D., Bishop of Niagara, for the invocation. Chairman Docherty then welcomed
the delegates and visitors, and turned over the gavel to President Percy Bengough
to conduct the official business of the Convention.
The President of the Trades and Labor Congress gave a short resume of the
growth of the Trades and Labor Congress, which now constitutes a membership
of over 3 60,00 members, and he pointed out that the Congress had tripled its
membership since 193 2; he also added a few words regarding labor legislation.
Many speakers were introduced by President Percy Bengough, among whom I
will cite Lord Dukeston of Warrington, fraternal delegate from the British Trades
Union Congress, Hon. Minister of Labor Humphrey Mitchell, H. A. Spence, Indus-
trial Relations Board representative, Mr. Stall, from the International Labor
Organization; Mr. Shonenberg, President of the International Cement Workers
Union, L. George, fraternal delegate from the American Federation of Labor, Mr.
Fahey from the Newfoundland Federation of Labor.
Then, upon the President's invitation, Secretary-Treasurer Buckley read the
financial statement of the Trades and Labor Congress of Canada; this was accepted
by the delegates to the Convention. Regarding the question of finances, I must
say that a resolution was adopted during the Convention to the effect of increasing
the "per capita" tax to §0.2y2 per member, to help the Canadian Congress in its
organization campaign throughout Canada.
The Credential Committee reported that 627 delegates had presented their
credentials and were seated in the Convention.
Two hundred and ninety-four resolutions were presented from the various
organizations affiliated with the Trades and Labor Congress, of which the most
important deal with: foreign affairs, unity, and legislation for the betterment of
wages and working conditions.
The best of harmony prevailed during the Convention, and it was with great
interest that I followed the proceedings.
May I also mention that I attended a very nice banquet, given by Local Union
No. 18 of Hamilton to all the delegates of the United Brotherhood of Carpenters
and Joiners of America on this occasion. In the name of the General Office, I pre-
sented my best wishes and sincerest thanks for the hospitality received in Hamil-
ton.
In closing this report, I wish to take this opportunity to thank you most
sincerely for the honor and privilege granted in appointing me to represent the
United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America.
Respectfully submitted,
L. FRANCOEUR, Secretary
Montreal District Council.
Jin 0ittntfrx^tn
Not lost to those that love them,
Not dead, just gone before;
They still live in our memory,
And will forever more
%t&l xxx T^tntt
The Editor has been requested to publish the names
of the following Brothers who have passed away.
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STEVE ATMA, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
F. BAUER, Local No. 1397, Roslyn, N. Y.
GEORGE BOLGER, Local No. 363, Elgin, 111.
JOHN BRENNAN, Local No. 298, Long Island City, N. Y.
EMIL D. BRISSETT, Local No. 96, Springfield, Mass.
FRED BROSS, Local No. 298, Long Island City, N. Y.
JOHN R. CLAYTON, Local No. 809, Charleston, S. C.
WALLACE G. DEACON, Local No. 176, Newport, R. I.
GAETANO DeBIASE, Local No. 514, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.
H. DIETRICH, Local No. 1397, Roslyn, N. Y.
OLIVER F. DILL, Local No. 16, Springfield, 111.
JAMES DOUGHERTY, Local No. 122, Philadelphia, Pa.
EDWIN A. DROZE, JR., Local No. 2151, Charleston, S. C.
G. F. EDWARDS, Local No. 809, Charleston, S. C.
FRED EMMEL, Local No. 261, Scranton, Pa.
JOHN E. ERICKSON, Local No. 266, Stockton, Cal.
ZENON FRECHETTE, Local No. 96, Springfield, Mass.
WILLIAM C. FRITZ, Local No. 1665, Alexandria, Va.
CORNELIUS GARCIA, JR., Local No. 2288, Los Angeles, Cal.
JOHN GAWNE, Local No. 1856, Philadelphia, Pa.
WILLIAM E. GIRDNER, Local No. 1335, Wilmington, Cal.
J. GREZERZEZACK, Local No. 1397, Roslyn, N. Y.
ERNEST GUEVIN, Local No. 625, Manchester, N. H.
FREDERICK HANSON, Local No. 235, Riverside, Cal.
SHERMAN HARRIOTT, Local No. 325, Paterson, N. J.
RICHARD H. HARRIS, Local No. 1665, Alexandria, Va.
J. T. HARDY, Local No. 103, Birmingham, Ala.
HENRY HEITING, Local No. 448, Waukegan, 111.
WILLIAM HOOK, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
GEORGE H. HOFFMAN, Local No. 101, Baltimore, Md.
NAT JACKSON, Local No. 103, Birmingham, Ala.
NATHANIEL JACKSON, Local No. 625, Manchester, N. H.
JOHN S. JENSEN, Local No. 16, Springfield, 111.
JOHN O. JONES, Local No. 627, Jacksonville, Fla.
COLLIN J. KING, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
CARL KITTELSEN, Local No. 1162, Bronx, N. Y.
JOE KOLAR, Local No. 419, Chicago, 111.
OLE S. LARSEN, Local No. 20, Tompkinsville, N. Y.
T. LEHTOVAARA, Local No. 2638, Fort William, Ont., Can.
JOSEPH LICCARDI, Local No. 808, Brooklyn, N. Y.
A. L. LORD, Local No. 261, Scranton, Pa.
ANGELO LUCHI, Local No. 20, Tompkinsville, N. Y.
H. MAGNUSSON, Local No. 1397, Roslyn, N. Y.
LEO. MANNER, Local No. 35, San Rafael, Cal.
LOWELL McDUFFEE, Local No. 133, Terre Haute, Ind.
GEORGE MILLER, Local No. 246, New York. N. Y.
WILLIAM OTT, Local No. 298, Long Island City, N. Y.
JOSEF PLANTE, Local No. 298, Long Island City, N. Y.
JAMES M. POP WELL, Local No. 103, Birmingham, Ala.
LENARDO PENZA, Local No. 1162, Bronx, N. Y.
HARRY REEVES, Local No. 1856, Philadelphia, Pa.
GORMAN ROLLISON, Local No. 101, Baltimore, Md.
V. SALOMINEN, Local No. 1397, Roslyn, N. Y.
ANDREW SCHMIDT, Local No. 419, Chicago, 111.
WALTER SCHOLM, Local No. 20, Tompkinsville, N. Y.
JOSEPH SLADKY, Local No. 246, New York, N. Y.
ALBERT TEED, Local No. 40, Boston, Mass.
ALBERT THOMAS, Local No. 337, Detroit, Mich.
RAY VAN HOUTON, Local No. 133, Terre Haute, Ind.
J. M. WAGAR, Local No. 2288, Los Angeles, Cal.
WILLIAM S. WENSLEY, Local No. 117, Albany, N. Y.
Craft ProblQms
Carpentry
(Copyright 1947)
LESSON 231
By H. H. Siegele
Setting nails is that part of driving
nails that puts the nails home by means
of some kind of nail set, or with a
last hard blow with the hammer, that
sinks the nail below the surface of the
wood.
There are many kinds of nail sets
on the market, ranging from very small
to rather large. But the nail set that is
most commonly used is the one with
a point about 3-32 of an inch in diam-
eter, more or less. I am using the
phrase, "more or less," because in most
cases just a little larger or just a little
smaller than the given size does not
matter, or matters but little. In finish-
ing, the 8d finishing nail is commonly
Fig. 1
used for nailing. Occasionally the 6d
and the lOd nails are also used, but
iisually for some special nailing. A nail
set that will set these three nails with-
out enlarging the nail holes or chipping
the point of the nail set, will be all right
for setting most of the nails that are
used in finishing. However, in cases
where small brads are to be used, then
a very fine nail set should be used,
which the finisher should have in a
pocket where it will not be confused
with the larger nail set. I usually carry
the larger nail set in the pocket with
the regular nails, and the fine nail set
I keep in a side pocket.
Fig. 1 shows three different kinds of
nail sets. The top one is perhaps the
one that is commonly used, and is prob-
ably as good as any that can be bought.
The one at the center has a square
collar, while the one at the bottom
has a square head. The purpose of the
square collar and the square head is
to keep the nail set from rolling in
case it is laid on some sloping surface.
While this seems to be an advantage,
this writer believes that it is really a
disadvantage, for when the nail set is
not in use, there is only one place to
put it, and that is in the pocket. The
square-headed nail sets lead the work-
man to form a habit of laying his nail
Fig
set on something, and then as it often
happens, he forgets to pick it up again.
Later when he needs the nail set, he
has to spend much time in looking for
2S
THE CARPEXTER
it, and often he does not find it at all.
So I suggest putting the nail set in
the pocket when it is not in use, and for
that reason the one shown at the top
in Fig. 1 is as good as any.
Fig. 2, at A, shows a nail that is set
too shallow, while at B is shown a good
depth for setting a nail. A good rule
is to set the nail as far below the sur-
face of the wood as the head of the
Fig. 4
nail is long, speaking of finishing nails.
Fig. 3 shows how to drive a nail
through a board, iu case a finishing
board is to be removed. First set the
nail as deep as you can with the nail
set without enlarging the nail hole, as
at number 1. Then take one of the
finishing nails and drive it into the
nail hole head-first, and clip the point
oft", as indicated at number 2. "With this
clipped nail, you can drive the nail the
rest of the way through the board,
number 3. The clipped nail is then
pulled out with a pair of nippers or
with the clafs of a hammer.
Fig. 4 shows an improvised nail set,
and how to use it. In this case we are
H. H. SIEGELE'S BOOKS
CARPENTRY. — Has 302 p., 754 il., covering general
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QUICK CONSTRUCTION.— Covers hundreds of prac-
tical building problems, has 252 p. and 670 il. $2.50.
ROOF FRAMING.— 175 p. and 437 il. Roof framing
complete. Other problems, including saw filing. $2.00.
BUILDING. — Has 210 p. and 495 il.. covering form
building, finishing, stair building, etc. $2.50.
TWIGS OF THOUGHT.— Poetry. Only $1.00.
PUSHING BUTTONS.— Illustrated prose. Only $1.00.
FREE — With $5.00 order, one $1.00 book free; with
$7.00 order, two, and with $10.00 order, three. Books
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using the head of a casing nail, as
shown. The arrow indicates the direc-
tion of the blow that drives the nail
home, while the symbols of hands show
how the nail is held. The two positions
show, respectively, before and after the
blow was struck.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 shows how the head of a com-
mon nail is often used for setting nails.
The arrow, again, shows the direction of
the blow that drives the nail home. The
STEEL SQUARE
HAND
BOOK
Completely Revised
This concise and handy Uttle book illustrates and describes the best methods of using
the carpenter's steel square in laying out all kinds of carpentry work. It is easy to
understand as a picture of the square laying directly on the work shows exactly how the
various cuts are made. Its compact and handy size makes it convenient to carry in the
pocket for quick reference.
•For ready reference tarry
this convenient 50 page
pocket size (44x61) guide
to your job."
Makes ideal Christmas gift
Postpaid. Money back guarantee if not entirely satisfied
SEND $1.00 TODAY
Price will be $1.50 very soon.'
I D. A. ROGERS
5344 Clinton Avenue
Minneapolis 9. Minn.
Enclosed $1.00. Forward by return mail your Carpenters &
Builders' Practical Rules for Laying Out Work.
THE CARPENTER
29
upper drawing gives the position of the
nail before the blow was struck, while
the bottom drawing shows it afterward.
Fig. 6 shows at the top a shallow
setting, while at the bottom we have a
Putty
Fig. 6
nail set* properly. The trouble with the
top setting is that it does not give
the putty clinch, and contraction and
expansion often break loose the putty
and in time it falls out. The setting
shown at the bottom, gives the putty a
sort of dovetail clinch, which holds the
putty permanently.
Fig. 7 shows how to use the head of a
Drill pilot holes
with one hand and a
w
YANKEE
rr
No. 41 Automatic Drill
A "Yankee" No. 41 drills pilot
holes in wood with a few easy
pushes. Spring automatically re-
turns handle after every stroke
and revolves drill point to clear
away chips. Magazine in handle
holds 8 drill points . . . YlS to
!%4 . . . easy to select, re-
move and replace. Improved
chuck prevents drill points pull-
ing out in use, yet releases
them with one, easy motion.
All exposed parts chromium
plated ... a lifetime tool.
Write for "Yankee" Tool Book
NORTH BROS. MFG. CO.
Division of The Stanley Works
Philadelphia 33, Pa.
nail for setting nails in laying flooring.
The top drawing shows the position of
the nail just before the blow is struck,
the direction of which is indicated by
the arrow. The bottom drawing shows
the position of the nail after the blow
was struck. The symbols of hands need
no further explanation.
Fig. 8 shows how to set a nail, that
is usually not considered as setting a
nail. To the right we show a common
nail head hugging the surface of the
wood, while to the left we show how a
similar nail head has been driven home
with a hard hammer blow.
Fig. 9 gives four samples of nail holes
that were made by four different ways
of setting nails. At number 1 we have
a face view of a nail hole that was made
by a nail that was set with an ordinary
nail set. At number 2 we have a sample
of what the nail hole often looks like
when the nail is set with the head of a
casing nail, as shown in Fig. 4. Number
3 shows the results of setting a nail
with the head of a common nail, as
shown by Fig. 5. Number 4 shows the
30
THE CARPENTER
results of setting a nail with a hammer,
which is shown in Fig. 8. This kind of
Fig. 8
nail setting is always done on rough
work. The purpose is two-fold, to sink
Pis
the nail head below the surface of the
wood and to hold the joint together
more firmly.
New Opportunities
f<f Carpenters
Men Who Know Blue Prints
are in demand to lay out and run build-
in;; jobs. Be the man who gives orders
and draws the big pay check. Learn at
home from plans we send. No books, —
all practical every day work.
SEND FOR FREE BLUE PRINTS
and Trial Lesson. Prove to yourself how
easy to learn at home in spare time.
Send coupon or a post card today. No
obligations.
CHICAGO TECH. COLLEGE
S-108 Tech Bids., 2000 So. Mich. Ave.,
Chicago, 16, III.
Send Pree Trial Lesson and blue print
plans and tell me how to prepare for a
higher paid job in Building.
Name
.4 ddress
—PRICE LIST—
Label and Emblem Novelties
Card Cases (Label) .10
Key Chains (Label) - .15
Fobs (Label and Emblem) .50
Gavels (Labels) 1.25
Pins (Emblem) 1.00
Buttons (Emblem) 1.00
Cuff Links (Emblem) 1.50
Match Box Holders (Label)- .15
Belt Loop and Chain (Label) .75
Pins. Ladies' Auxiliary (Emblem) 1.75
Auto Radiator Emblems 1.25
In Ordering These Goods Send all Orders and
Make all Remittances Payable to
FRANK DUFFY. Gen. Sec, Carpenters* Building,
222 East Michigan St., Indianapolis, Ind.
TWO AIDS FOR SPEED AND ACCURACY
f)
THEY HAVE
OUR CHART Blueprint 27" X 36"
"The FRAMING SQUARE" (Chart)
Explains tables on framing squares. Shows how
to find lengths of any rafter and make its cuts;
find any angle in degrees; frame any polygon 3 to
16 sides, and cut its mitres; read board feet rafter
and brace tables, octagon scale. Gives other valu-
able information. Also includes Starting Key and
Radial Saw Chart for changing pitches and euts
into degrees and minutes. Every carpenter should
have this chart. Now printed on both sides, makes about
13 square feet of printed data showing squares full size.
Price $1.00 postpaid, no stamps.
SLIDE CALCULATOR for Rafters
Makes figuring rafters a cinch! Shows the length of any
rafter having a run of from 2 to 23 feet; longer lengths are
found by doubling. Covers 17 different pitches. Shows lengths
of hips and valleys, commons, jacks, and gives the cuts for
each pitch, also the angle in degrees and minutes. Fastest
method known, eliminates chance of error, so simple anyone
who can read numbers can use it. NOT A SLIDE RULE but
a Slide Calculator designed especially for Carpenters, Con-
tractors and Architects. Thousands in use. Price $2.90
postpaid, Check or M. O., no stamps.
MASON ENGINEERING SERVICE
2105 N. Burdick St., Div. 12, Kalamazoo 81. Mich.
JOB .TESTED/
and
PREFERRED
BY
MASTER
CRAFTSMEN
Ohlen-Bishop hand saws have been the
choice of carpenters and wood workers
for almost a century. Designed by mas-
ter saw craftsmen for easier handling,
fast cutting and longer sharpness life.
Choose an Ohlen-Bishop and be sure of
complete saw satisfaction. Try Ohlen-
Bishop circu'ars on your power saw too
for real service.
OHLEN-BISHOP
906 Ingleside Ave.
Columbus 8, Ohio
CHANGE BLADES
IN lO SECONDS
WQ
UICK-CHANGE BLADES are
featured on all Carlson Rules.
CHIEF available in 6-, 8- and 10-
ft., lengths; WHITE CHIEF and
HOBBY in 6- and 8-ft. Keep a
"spare" replacement blade on hand.
SOLD BY LEADING HARDWARE DEALERS
StlEl TAPE RUllS
White Chief Tape Lines Are Mftd Under U.S. Pat. 2089209
The SPEED SAW FILE R
CHIEf y t>
HOBBT S$ &
WHITE
CHIEF gjg
w
Saves You Time, Money
y*m
ow*
mm
Now you can do expert
home. Lifetime tool mal
filing easy for even the n
enced. Two simple adju:
it fit any type hand sav
saws extra sharp and trui
i Speed Saw Filer. Compl
ready,
Cash i
postag
' filing at
Money back guarantee,
rder, prepaid. (CO.D.
)
THE SPEED COMPANY
Dept. A 2025 N.E. Sandy, Portland 12, Ore.
FOR
EXAMINATION
SEND NO MONEY
Learn ta draw plans, estimate, be a live-wire builder, do
remodeling, take contracting Jobs. These 8 practical, pro-
fusely Illustrated books cover subjects that will help you
to get more work and make more money. Architectural de-
sign and drawing, estimating, steel square, roof framing,
construction, painting and decorating, heating, air-condi-
tioning, concrete terms and many other subjects are included.
UP-TO-DATE
EDITION
These beoks are
the mest up-to-
date and complete
we hare ever pub-
lished an these
many subjects.
Examinatien
BETTER JOBS -- BETTER PAY
The Postwar building boom Is In full
swing and trained men are needed.
Big opportunities are always for MEN
WHO KNOW HOW. These books sup-
ply quick, easily understeod training and
handy, permanent reference Information
that helps solve building problems.
Coupon Brims Eight Big Books For
AMERICAN TECHNICAL SOCIETY Vocational Publishers since 1898
Dept. G936 Drexel at 58th Street, Chicago 37, III.
You may ship me the Up-to-Date edition of your eight
big books, "Building, Estimating, and Contracting" with-
out any obligation to buy. I will pay the delivery charges
only, and if fully satisfied in ten days, I will send you
$2.00, and after that only $3.»» a menth, until the total
price of only $34.80 is paid. I am not obligated In any
way unless I keep the books.
Name
Address
City State
Attach letter stating age, occupation, employer's name and
address, and name and address of at least one business
man as reference. Men In service, alsa give heme address.
Every cutting job — cross-cutting, ripping, dadoing,
angle cutting, bevel cutting, mutiple cutting, mortis-
ing, scoring, or cutting light gauge metals — can be
done faster . . . better . . . cheaper with an Electric
MallSaw. 4 Models with capacities of 2, 2| 2|
and 4| inches. All have Universal motors.
Ask Hardware Deafer or write Power Tool Division.
MALL TOOL COMPANY
7751 South Chicago Ave., Chicago, 19, III.
26 Years of "Better Tools For Better Work."
LEARN TO ESTIMATE
If you are ambitious to have your own busi-
ness and be your own boss the "Tamblyn
System" Home Study Course in Estimating
will start you on your way.
If you are an experienced carpenter and
have had a fair schooling in reading, writing
and arithmetic you can master our System
in a short period of your spare time. The
first lesson begins with excavations and step
by step instructs you how to figure the cost
of complete buildings just as you would do
it in a contractor's office.
By the use of this System of Estimating you
avail yourself of the benefits and guidance of
the author's 40 years of practical experience
reduced to the language you understand.
You will never find a more opportune time
to establish yourself in business than now.
Study the course for ten days absolutely
free. If you decide you don't want to keep
it, just return it. Otherwise send us $8.75
and pay the balance of $30.00 at $7.50 per
month, making a total of $38.75 for the com-
plete course. On request we will send you
plans, specifications, estimate sheets, a copy
of the Building Labor Calculator, and com-
plete instructions. What we say about this
course is not important, but what you find it
to be after you examine it is the only thing
that matters. You be the judge; your deci-
sion is final.
Write your name and address clearly and
give your age, and trade experience.
TAMBLYN SYSTEM
Johnson Building CI 2, Denver 2, Colorado
busBe55/
MAKE A GOOD LIVING IN YOUR OWN
BUSINESS — sharpening saws with the
the Foley Automatic Saw Filer. It makes
old saws cut like new again. All hand saws,
also band saws and cross-cut circular
saws can be filed on this ONE machine.
THERE ARE HUNDREDS OF SAWS TO
BE FILED in your own neighborhood, used
by farmers, carpenters, homes, schools,
factories, etc. W. L. Tarrant writes : "I
left my old job last September and in 10
months have filed 2,159 saws. We have a
lovely business worked up and cannot
keep up with the work.'
IMMEDIATE
DELIVERY
Start your own busines
now. in spare time. FREI
PLAN shows how, —
no experience need-
ed, no canvassing.
Send coupon today.
F0LEYI&&MJ& SAW FILER
FOLEY MFG CO l2187 Fo]^ Bld9
• Wfctl mm. bU. Minneapolis 18 .Minn.
*" ifi"d J^ree P,an on 8aw Filing business— no
k obligation.
GREENLEE 22 is a name it will pay you well to
remember whenever you boy Auger Bits. For it assures
you sharp cutting edges, accurate sizing, bright, high
finish, and that smooth, easy action so .necessary in
fine craftsmanship. You can be certain, too, that every
GREENLEE 22 Solid-Center Auger Bit is "factory
sharp" when it reaches you. For each is "Plastic-
Sealed" with a special protective coating to keep it
in perfect condition for the exacting work you will
surely want to do with it. To buy top quality,
buy GREENLEE.
►Address J
HANDY CALCULATOR
SPECIAL OFFER .. .
" ^ss^WT ONLY 10e FOR HANDY
^^WOODWORKING CALCULATOR
Quick solutions to countless woodworking problems. Con-
verts linear to board feet, gives slope per foot, nail and
bit sizes, etc. 6' diameter. Send coin to Greenlee Tool Co.,
2092 Columbia Avenue, Rockford, Illinois.
• ALL THE best ideas of skilled workers in
wood for over 70 years have been built into
these Stanley Planes. Naturally they feel
right and work right. Stanley Tools, 163 Elm
Street, New Britain, Connecticut.
THE TOOL BOX OF THE WORLD
[STANLEY)
Trade Mark
HARDWARE- HAND TOOLS- ELECTRIC TOOLS
No. 5 Plane
Important Mj*{
NOTICE!
At present we are unable to produce
Lee (Union-Made) Carpenters' Over-
alls because:
1.
We are unable to secure the
top quality, special woven ma-
terial that goes into every pair
of Lee Carpenters' Overalls.
O There are not enough skilled
"' operators available at present
to keep our five Lee factories
busy.
Lee Carpenters' Overalls will again be
available when we can obtain the
best quality material and when we
have sufficient skilled Union Opera-,
tors to man the machines in the five
great Lee factories.
Lee is the Largest Manufacturer of
UNION-MADE Work Clothing in the World
THE H. D. LEE CO.
Kansas City, Mo. Minneapolis, Minn.
Trenton, N. J. San Francisco, Cal.
South Bend, Ind. Salina, Kans.
A6JDELS Carpenters
and Builders Guides
4vols.*6
Inside Trade Information
for Carpenters, Builders. Join-
ers, Building Mechanics and
oil Woodworkers. These
Guides give you the short-cut
instructions that you want— •
Including new methods, ideas,
solutions, plans, systems and
money saving suggestions. An
easy progressive course for the
apprentice and student. A
practical daily helper and
Quick Reference for the master
worker. Carpenters every-
where are using these Guides
as a Helping Hand to Easier
Work. Better Work and Bel-
ter Pay. To get this assist-
ance for yourself, simply hie
fn and mail the FREE COU-
PON below.
Inside Trade Information On:
How to use the steel square — How to file and set
eaws— How to build furniture — How to use a
mitre box — How to use the chalk line — How to use
rules and scales — How to make joints — Carpenters
arithmetic — Solving mensuration problems— Es-
timating strength of timbers — How to set girders
end sills— How to frame houses and roofs — How to
estimate costs — How to build houses, barns, gar-
ages, bungalows, etc. — How to read and draw
plans — Drawing up specifications — How to ex-
cavate— How to use settings 12, 13 and 17 on the
eteel square — How to build hoists and scaffolds —
Bkylights— How to build stairs— How to put on
interior trim — How to hang doors — How to lath —
lay floors — How to paint
AUDEL, Publishers, 49 W. 23rd St., New York 10, N. Y.
Mail Audels Carpenters and Builders Guides, 4 vols., on 7 days free
trial. If OK I will remit $1 in 7 days and $1 monthly until S6 is paid.
Otherwise I will return them. No obligation unless I am satisfied.
Employed by_
CAR
• Any "OVERHEAD DOOR' may
be manually or electrically oper-
ated. Sold and installed by
Nation - Wide Sales — Installation
— Service.
#r»>6HT, l»47. OVCHHCAO G-00& CC**C«ATiC»»
for STRENGTH and DURABILITY
Where doors must have strength and durability to with-
stand rigorous use, The "OVERHEAD DOOR" serves with
distinction. This quality door, light in weight and expertly
constructed for fast, efficient operation, is weathertight
and tamperproof. It blends with any style of architecture.
For dependable operation, year in and year out, specify
The "OVERHEAD DOOR," built as a complete unit for
residential, commercial and industrial structures.
TRACKS AND HARDWARE OF SALT SPRAY STEEL
WITH THE
MIRACLE WEDGE
OVERHEAD DOOR CORPORATION • Hartford City, Indiana, U. S. A.
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