UC-NRLF
B M llfl flSfi
BIOLOGY
LIBRARY
G
CATALOGUE
OF THE
COLLECTION
OF
B I E D S' EGGS
IN TUE
BRITISH MUSEUM,
VOLUME V.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
1912.
(AH riyltis reserved.)
PRINTED BY TAYLOR AXD FRANCIS,
I;EI> I.ION COURT.. FLEET STREET.
CATALOGUE
OF TIIK
COLLECTION
BIRDS' EGGS
IN THE
BRITISH MUSEUM
(NATURAL HISTORY).
VOLUME V.
CARINAT^E (PASSERIFORMES completed).
W. 11. OGILVIE-GRANT.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE TRUSTEES.
SOLD BY
LONGMANS, GREEN & Co., 39 PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. ;
B. QUAKITCH, 11 GRAFTON STREET, NEW BOND STREET, W. ;
DULAU & Co., LTD., 37 SORO SQUARE, W. ;
A>'D AT THE
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY), CROMWELL ROAD, S.W
1012.
PREFACE.
THE present volume, which brings the Catalogue of Birds' Eggs
to a conclusion, has been retarded in its preparation by more than
one cause. The principal reason for the delay in its appearance
has been the large amount of additional work which was thrown
on Mr. W. It. Ogilvie-Grant, the author, by the death of Dr. II.
Bowdler Sharpe at the end of 1909. The administration of the
Bird Room, the incorporation of large collections and the re-
arrangement of the material already in hand, the planning of new
Expeditions and the conduct of the voluminous correspondence
involved by these fresh departures, added to the duty of dealing
with the ceaseless stream of enquirers who visit or write to
the Bird Eoom, might in themselves have been sufficient to have
filled up all the available time. Mr. Ogilvie-Grant has done
his work under considerable difficulties, and the delay has been
unavoidable.
British Museum (Natural History),
London,
September 13, 1912.
SIDNEY F. HARMER,
Keeper of Zoology.
4 184 91
AUTHOR'S PREFACE.
IN one or two instances only does the nomenclature used in the
present volume differ from that followed in the fifth volume of the
'Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds.' The delay in the
publication of the latter work greatly retarded the present volume
of the Catalogue of Birds' Eggs which was commenced in 1906, the
year in which the late Dr. Sharpc hoped to complete his Hand-list.
Thus it happened that in the first sheets of the present work
(" B-K ") which were printed concurrently with the Hand-list, the
date of that work is wrongly referred to as 1906; likewise in
sheets "L-N" and "P" it is again wrongly quoted as 1808.
Dr. Sharpe, at that time in failing health, was unable to complete
the work as quickly as he had anticipated and it was not until 1909,
shortly before his death, that the filth volume of the Hand-list was
actually published. Since that time the extra amount of official
duties which have fallen to my share has rendered the completion
of the present volume a slow and somewhat difficult matter.
During the progress of this volume through the press several
important collections of eggs have been added to the Museum series,
the principal of these being the large and very valuable Palrearctic
collection presented by Mr. W. Hadcliffe Saunders and the South
American collection presented by Mr. Ernest Gibson, while many
smaller but valuable series from the Andaman Islands, various
parts of Africa, Australia, etc., have been acquired by purchase
or exchange.
The MS. for this volume was commenced years ago by the late
Mr. E. \Y. Gates, but was never completed, and the great additions
Till
AUTHORS PREFACE.
to the collection of eggs, as well as the recognition in the Hand-list
of many more species and sub-species, has made it necessary to
rewrite almost the whole volume.
The total number of species
1117, and the number of eggs
following table : —
Family.
Zosteropidaa
Dica3idae
dealt with in
catalogued 19
No. of species.
20
17
the present volume is
,283, as shown in the
No. of specimens
of eggs.
186
103
Nectariniidae
4S
281
Melipha°'ida3 . . .
70
546
Mnioti!tida3
38
338
MotacillidoQ
59
2292
AlaudidcB ... . ...
85
1278
Fringillidre
297
6296
Coerebidao . . .
13
48
Tana°TidiB
47
174
PloceidcB ...
130
2093
Icterida3
73
1074
Sturnidse
33
888
EulabetidaB
23
183
Oriolidss
14
242
Dicrurida3
18
505
Paradiseidaa
15
24
CorvidoB
110
2704
Streperida? . .
7
28
Total
1117
19,283
1 6th August, 1912.
W. 11. OGILVIE-G11ANT.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Sub-Class CARINATJE.
Order PAS3ERIFORMES
(continued).
S ub-Order ACROMYODI
(continued).
Passeres Normalcs (continued).
Family ZOSTEROPIDJB.
Page
Zosterops, Viy. fy Horsf. .... 1
japonica, Temm. 8f Schley. . 1
gouldi, Bonap 2
sundevalli, Hartl 2
xanthochroa, Gray 2
ceyloueusis, Holdsw 3
annulosa, Sivains 3
madagascariensis (Gmel.) . 3
palpebrosa (Temm.} .... 3
aureiventer, Hume 4
basilanica, Steere 4
simplex, Sicinh 4
stejnegeri, Seebohm 5
natalis. Lister 5
aignani, Hartcrt 5
flavifrons (Gmel.) 6
owstoni, Hartcrt 6
hypoxantha, Salvad. .... 6
lateralis (Lath.} 6
flaviceps, Peale 7
tenuirostris, Gould 7
Family DICJEJDJE.
Dicseum, Cuvier
cruentatum (Linn.} . . . .
mgrimentura, Sal/.-ad. . .
hirundinaceum (Shaw)
hpematosticturn, £harpe
VOL. V.
trigonostigma (Scop.) ....
cinereigulare, Tweedd .....
chrysorrhoeum, Temm. ..
concolor, Jerdon ........
olivaceum, Walden ......
erythrorhynchum (Lath.)
Pardalotus, Vieitt ...........
ornatus, Temm .........
amnis, Gould ..........
punctatus (Shaw) ......
melanocephalus, Gould ..
quadragintus, Gould ....
Piprisoma, Blyth ..........
squalidum (Burton) ....
Melanocharis, Sclater ......
striativentris, Salvad
Family NECTABINIID^E.
Hedydipna, Cab
metallica (Licht.)
Nectarinia, luiffcr
famosa (Linn.)
Chalcostetha, Cab
pectoralis (Temm.)
^Ethopyga, Cab
vigors i, Syfas
Beheriae (Tickell)
siparaja (Raffles)
magnitica, &hari>e
ignicauda (Hodys.)
gouldia3 ( Viy.)
dabryi ( Verr.)
bella, Tweedd
Eudrepanis, Sharpe
pulcherrima, Sharpe ...
Arachnechthra, Cab
asiatica (Lath.)
lotenia (Linn.)
> 6
Page
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
16
16
16
16
17
17
17
17
18
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Leptocoma, Cab 18
minima, Sykes 18
hasselti (Temm.) 19
zeylomca (Linn.} 19
Ilermotimia, Reichenb 19
corinna, Salvad 19
christianae (Tristram). ... 20
aspasioides ( Gray) 20
Cinnyris, Cab 20
cupreus (Shaw) 20
notatus (P. L. S. Mull.) . . 21
linbessinicus (H. fy JE.) . . 21
erythrocerius (Hartl.) . . 21
mariquensis (Smith) .... 22
osiris (Finsch) 22
osea, JBonap 22
leucogaster ( Vieill.) 23
souimanga (Gniel.) 23
afer (Linn.) 23
chalybea (Linn.) 24
Chalcomitra, lleichenb 24
ajcik (Anttn.) 24
gutturalis (Linn.) 24
amethystina (Shatv) .... 26
Elaeocerthia, Reichenb 25
fusca (Vieill.) 25
Cyrtostomus, Cab 26
flammaxillaris (Blyth) .. 26
andamanicus (Hume) .... 26
jugularis (Linn.) 27
irenatus (S. Miill.) 27
aurora, Tweedd 28
pectoralis (Horsf.) 28
zenobia (Less.) 28
Arachnothera, Temm 29
longirostris (Lath.) 29
inagna (Hodgs.) 29
everetti, Sharps 30
Anthotlireptes, Swains. .... 30
collaris ( Vieill.) 30
malaccensis (Scop.) 30
Chalcoparia, Cab 31
phoenicotis ( Temm.) .... 31
Family MELIPHAGID^S.
Melithreptes, Vieill 31
atricapillus (Lath.) 31
albigularis, Gould 32
gularis, Gould 32
validirostris, Gould 33
brevirostris, Vig. # Horsf. 33
melanocephalus, Gould . . 33
Plectorhamphus, Gray 33
lanceolatus, Gould 33
Myzomela, Vig. $ Horsf. .... 34
Page
rubratra (Less.) 34
nigriventris, Peale 34
sanguinolenta (Lath.) .... 34
nigra, Gould 35
obscura, Gould 35
Acanthorbynchus, Gould .... 35
tenuirostris (Lath.) 35
superciliosus, Gould 36
Glyciphila, Swains 36
melanops (Lath.) 36
albifrons, Gould 36
modesta, Gray 37
Conopophila, Reichenb 37
albigularis (Gould) 37
rufigularis (Gould) 37
Certhionyx, Less 38
variegatus, Less 38
Meliphaga, Lewin 38
phrygia (Lath.) 38
Melilestes, Salvad 38
poliopterus, Sharpe 38
Melipotes, Sclater 39
fumigatus, A. B. Meyer . . 39
Melirrhophetes, A. B. Meyer . 39
batesi, Sharpe 39
Stigmatops, Gould 39
ocularis (Gould) 39
Ptilotis, Swains 40
carunculata (Gmel.) 40
procerior, Finsch fy Hartl. 40
analoga, Reichenb 41
orientalis, A. B. Meyer . . 41
gracilis, Gould 41
sbarpei, Rothsch.SfHartert 42
fusca (Gould) 42
•chrysotis (Lath.) 42
provocator, Layard 42
sonora, Gould 43
cbrysops (Lath.) 43
flavicollis ( Vieill.) 44
leucotis (Lath.) 44
auricomis (Lath.) 45
cratitia, Gould 45
ornata, Gould 45
plumula, Gould 46
penicillata (Gould) 46
leilavalensis, North 47
Xanthotis, Reichenb 47
lessoni, Sharpe 47
Ptiloprora, De Vis 47
guisei, De Vis 47
Meliornis, Gray 48
pyrrhoptera (Lath.) 48
novse-bollandiae (Lath.) . . 48
longirostris ( Gould) 49
sericea (Gould) 49
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XI
mystacnlis (Gould] -41)
Anthoriiis, Gray 50
melanura (Spamn.) .... 50
melanocepbala, Gray .... 50
Prosthemadera, Gray 51
novflB-zealandiae (Gmel.) . . 51
Manorhina, Vicill 51
melanophrys (Lath.} .... 51
Myzantba, Via. fy Horsf. .... 51
garrula (Lath.} 51
obscura, Gould 52
flavigula, Gould 53
lutea, Gould 53
Acanthocbaera, Via. $ Horsf. . 54
carunculata (Lath.} 54
inauris (Gould) 55
Auellobia, Cab • 55
cbrysoptera (Lath.} 55
Acanthogenys, Gould 55
rufigulans, Gould 55
Entomyza, Steams 56
cyanotis (Lath.) 56
Tropidorhynchus, Via.fy Horsf. 56
subtuberosus, Hartert .... 56
argenticeps, Gould 57
buceroides (Swains.} .... 57
corniculatus (Lath.} .... 57
Philemon, Vieill 58
citreigularis (Gould) .... 58
cockerelli, Scl 58
Family MNIOTILTIDJE.
Mniotilta, Vieill 59
varia (Linn.) 59
Helminthotherus, Rqfinesque. 59
vermivorus (Gmel.) 59
Protonotaria, Baird 60
citrea (Bodd.) 60
Vennivora, Sicains 60
pinus (Linn.) 60
celata (Say) 60
rubricapilla ( Wils.) 61
Parula, Bonap 61
americana (Linn.) 61
Dendrceca, Gray 62
sestiva (Gmel.) 62
bartboleinica, Sundev 63
maculosa (Gmel.) 63
casrulescens (Gmel.) .... 63
coronata (Linn.) 64
chrysoparia, Scl. Sf Salv.. . 64
pennsylvanica (Linn.). ... 64
striata, Forst 65
vigors! (Audub.) 05
discolor, Vieill , . 66
Page
Oporornis, Baird ('•<>
formosa ( Wits.) 6(5
Siurus, Swains c»7
auricapillus (Linn.) 67
motacilla ( Vieill.) 67
noveboracensis (Gmel.) . . (>7
Geothlypis, Cab \ ... 08
tricbaa (Linn.) (IS
occid en tails, Brewst 68
cucullata (Lath.) (i!)
Icteria, Vieill. . . .' 69
\iridis (Gmel.) 69
longicauda, Lawr 09
Granatellup, Bonap 70
sallasi, Bonap 70
Wilsonia, Bonap 70
mitrata (Gmel.) 70
chryseola, Ridyw 71
canadensis (Linn.) 71
Setophaga, Swains 71
ruticilla (Linn.) 71
Myioborus, Baird 72
verticalis (Lafr. $ D" Orb.) 72
aurantiacus (Baird) 72
torquatus (Baird) 72
cbrysops, Salvin 73
Myiotblypis, Cab 73
nigricrxstatufl (Lafr.) . . 73
Basileuterus, Cab 73
coronatus ( Tschudi) 73
leucopygius, Scl. fy Salv.. . 74
Family MOTACILLID^E.
Motacilla, Linn 74
lugubris, Temm 74
alba, Linn 75
ocularis, Swinh 77
lugens, Kittl 77
personata, Gould 77
leucopsis, Gould 78
hodgsoni, Blyth 78
vidua, Sundev 78
maderaspatensis, Gmel. . . 79
capensis, Linn 80
clara, Sharpe 80
flaviventris, Verr 81
boarula, Linn 81
melanope, Pall 82
schmitzi, Tschusi 83
citreola, Pall. 83
citreoloides ( Gould) 84
rayi, Bonap 84
campestris, Pall 85
flava, Linn 85
aUscensis, Ridgw 86
b2
Xll
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
borealis, Sundev 86
cinereicapilla, Savi 87
taivana, Swinh 87
feldeggi, Michah 4 88
melanogrisea (Homey er) . . 88
Dendranthus, Blyth 89
indicus (Gmel.) 89
Anthus, Bechst 89
chloris, Licht 89
trivialis (Linn.) 89
maculatus, Hodgs 92
nilghiriensis, Sharpe .... 9:2
brachyurus, Sundev 93
vaalensis, Shelley 93
sordid us, Rilpp 94
cockburniae, Gates 94
jerdoni, Finsch 94
richardi, Vieill 95
striolatus, Blyth 95
campestris (Linn.) 95
rufulus, Vieill 97
prateusis (Linn.) 98
cervinus (Pall.) 101
rosaceus, Hodgs 102
bertheloti, 2?o/fe 102
madeirensis, Hartert .... 103
Sipoletta (Linn.) 103
akistoni, Swinh 104
pennsylvanicus (Lath.) . . 104
obscurua (Lath.) 104
rupestris, Nilsson 107
furcatus, Lafr. $ D'Orb. . . 107
correndera, Vieill ] 07
gustavi, Swinh 108
australis, Via. # Horsf. . . 109
novae-zealandiae (Gmel.) .. 109
steindachneri, Reischek . . 109
Oreocorys, Sharpe 110
sylvanus (Hodgs.) 110
Macronyx, Swains 110
capensis (Linn.) 110
croceus ( Vieill.) 110
Family ALAUDIDJB.
Certbilauda, Swains Ill
capensis (Bodd.) Ill
albofasciata, Lafr 112
Alsemon, Keys, fy Blasius. ... 112
alaudipes (Desf.) 112
pallida (Blyth) 113
damarensis, Sharpe 113
Chersophilus, Sharpe 113
duponti (Vieill.) 113
Hhamphocorys, Bonap 114
clot-bey (Bonap.) 114
Otocorys, Bonap 114
alpestris (Linn.) 114
Uava (Gmel.) 115
bilopha (Temm.) 116
braudti, Dresser 116
elwesi, Blanf. 117
penicillata, Gould 117
balcanica, Reich 117
albigula, Bonap 118
bicoruis, Brehm 118
leucolsema (Coues) 118
praticola, Hensh 119
giraudi, Hensh 119
insularis, Towns 119
actia, Oberholser 120
rubea, Hensh 120
occidentalis, Me Call .... 120
strigata, Hensh. . 120
Melanocorypha, Boie ., 121
calandra (Linn.] 121
biraaculata (Menetr.) .... 122
sibirica (Gmel.) 122
mongolica (Pall.) 123
yeltoniensis (Forst.} 123
Tephrocorys, Shaipe 124
cinerea (Gmel.) 124
anderssoni (7'risf.r.) 124
Spizocorys, Sundev 125
conirostris, Sundev 125
Alauda, Linn 125
arvensis, Linn 125
liopus, Hodf/s 126
pekinensis, Swinh 127
gulgula, Frarikl 127
guttata, Brooks 128
australis, Brooks 128
japonica, Temm. fy Schley. 129
coelivox, Swinh 129
Calandrella, Kaup 129
brachydactyla (Leisler) . . 129
Alaudula, Horsf. $ Moore . . 131
rayfal (Blyth) 131
adamsi (Hume) 131
heinei (Hcmeyer) 131
cbeleensis, Swinh 1 32
batica, Dresser 132
minor, Cab 133
rufescens ( Vieill.) 133
polatzeki, Hartert 133
Mirafra, Horsf. 134
nivosa (Swains.) 134
nova, Hartl 134
horsfieldi, Gould 134
woodwardi, Milligan .... 135
cantillans, Blyth 135
damarensis, Sharpe 135
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Xlll
nfricann, Smith
assamica,
ervthroptera, Jcrd
affinis, Jcnl
Spizalauda, Bli/tlt,
(l.-va (Si/keg)
(ialerida, JBoie ____
cristata (Linn.}
136
136
137
137
137
138
138
pallida, Brehm ........ 139
kleinschmidti, Erlanyer . . 139
macrorhynclia, Tristr ..... 140
arenicola, Tristr ......... 140
brachvura, Tristr ....... 141
magna, Hume .......... 141
chendoola (Frankl.) ...... 141
thekla), Brehm ........ 142
harterti, Erlanyer ........ 142
Buperflua, Hartert ...... 142
malabarica (£cop.) ...... 143
Lullula, Kaup . , ..... ..... 143
arborea (Linn.} ......... 143
Calendula, Steams ......... 144
crassirostris ( Vieill.) .... 144
Ainmomanos, Cab ......... 145
phoeuicura (Frankl.) .... 145
iri-nyi, Wahlb ........... 145
algeriensis, Sharps ...... 146
isabellina ( Temm.) ...... 146
phoenicuroides (Blyth) . . 147
arenicolor (Sundev.) ...... 147
erythroclilamys (Strickl.) . 147
Ei-omopteryx, Kaup ........ 148
australis (Smith) ........ 148
grisea (Scop.) .......... 148
melanauclien ( Cab.) ...... 1 49
verticalis (Smith) ........ 149
Family FHINGILLID.E.
Lignrinus, Koch 149
chloris (Linn.) 149
auranteiventris, Cab 151
cliloroticus (Bonap.) .... 151
sinicus (Linn.) 151
ussuriensis (Hartert) .... 152
Eophona, Gould 152
melanura (Gmel.) 152
I [esperiphona, Bonap 153
montana, Ridr/w 153
Coccotbratistes, Erisson .... 153
coccotliraustes (Linn.). . . . 153
Mycerobas, Cab 155
carneipes (Hodys.) 155
1'erissospiza, Oberholser .... 155
icteroides (7V//.) 155
Pa-e
Zamelodia, Cows 156
ludoviciana (Linn.) 15(>
melannce ph ala ( Swa ins . ) . . 1 5( 5
Guiraca, Sicains 157
c?erulea (Linn.) 157
lazula (Less.) 157
Cyanocompsa, Cab 158
paivllina (Bonap.) 158
Oryzoborus, Cab 158
torridus (Scop.) 158
crassirostris (Gmel.) .... 158
funereus (Scl.) 159
Pyrrhulagra, Less 159
ruficollis (Gmel.) 159
grenadensis, Cory ...... 159
barbadensis (Cory) 160
Loxiipasser, Bryant 160
anoxantlms (Gossc) 160
Sporophila, Cab 160
grisea (Gmel.) ICO
obscura ( Tacz.) 161
minuta (Linn.) 161
torqueola (Bonap.) 162
moreleti (Bonap.) 162
caerulesceDs ( Vieill.) 162
gutturalis (Licht.) 163
lineola (Linn.) 163
corvina (Scl) 164
Melopyrrha, Bonap 1 64
nigra (Linn.) 164
Euethia, Reichenb 164
olivacea (Linn.) 164
pusilla (Swains.) 165
omissa (Jard.) 165
marchi (Baird) 16(3
Volatinia, Reichenb 166
jacarini (Linn.) 166
spleudens ( Vieill.) 1.66
Pyrrhuloxia, Bonap 167
sinnata, Bonap 167
texana, Ridgw 1<>7
Cardinalis, Bonap 168
cardinalis (Linn.) 168
canicauda, Chapman .... 168
superbus, Ridgw 169
igneus, Baird 169
Saltator, Vieill 169
atriceps, Less 169
median us, Ridgw 170
magnus (Gmel.) 170
grandis (Licht.) 170
olivascens, Cab. . *\ 171
crerulescens, Vieill 171
azane, D'Orb 171
aiirantiirbstris, Vieill 171
albicollis, Vieill 171
XIV
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Fringilla, Linn
ley dea, Webb $ Berth.
coelebs, Linn
maderensis, Sharpe . . .
moreleti, Pucker.
spodiogenys, Bonap
montilringilla, Linn
Carduelis, Briss
carduelid (Linn.}
britannica, Hartert
parva, Tschusi x Serinus
canaria (Linn.)
africana, Hartert
orientalis (Eversm.) . . . .
Spinus, Koch
xanthogaster (Du Bus) . .
atratus (D'Orb. fy Lafr.) . .
spinus (Linn.)
citrinellus (Linn.)
tottus, Sparrm
barbatus (Molina)
ictericus (Licht.)
notatus, 2)u Bus
Ilypacantkis, Cab
spinoides ( Vig.)
Astragalinus, Cab
tristis (Linn.)
pallidus (M earns)
psaltria (Say)
arizonse, Coues
mexicanus (Swains.)
croceus (Jouy)
Colombian us (Lafr.)
lawrencei (Cass.)
Linaria, Bechst
Havirostris (Linn.)
brevirostris, Moore
cannabina (Linn.)
nana ( Tschusi)
linaria (Linn.)
holboeili (Brehm)
rufescens ( Vieill.)
exilipes ( Coues)
hornemauni (Holboell)
Montifringillft, Brehm
nivalis (Linn.)
alpicola (Pall.)
nemoricola (Hodgs. \ . . . .
axctoa (Pall.) '
griseinucha (Brandt) . . . .
Tthodospiza, Sharpe
obsoleta (Licht.)
Erythrospiza, Bonap
githaginea (Licht.)
amantum, Hartert
mongolica (Sivinh.)
Page Page
172 Petronia, Kaup 196
172 petronia (Linn.} 196
172 puteicola, Festa 197
174 maderensis, Erlanger .... 197
174 deutata (Sundev.) 197
175 superciliaris, Blyih 198
175 Gymnorkis, Blyth ] 98
175 tiavicollis (Frankl.) 198
177 transfuga, Hartert 199
177 Carpospiza, Miiller 199
177 brackydactyla (Bonap.) .. 199
Passer, Brisson 1 99
178 montanus (Linn.) 199
178 malaccensLs, Dubois .... 201
178 domesticus (Linn.) 201
179 tingitanus, Loche 203
179 rutidorsalis, Brehm 203
179 indicus, Jard. fy Selby 203
179 pyrrkonotus, Blyth 204
180 italise ( Vieill.) 205
181 kispaniolensis (Temm.) . . 205
1 81 transcaspicus, Tschusi .... 206
182 debilis, Hartert 206
182 rutilans, Temm 207
182 melanurus (P. L. S.
Mull.) 207
183 moabiticus, Tristram .... 208
183 yatei, Sharpe 208
1 83 motitensis, Smith 208
184 ruticinctus, Fischer 8f
184 Reichenoiu 209
184 ammodendri, Severtz 209
184 sakaree, Erlanger 209
185 swainsoni (JRiipp.) 210
185 Alario, Bonap 210
186 alario (Linn.) 210
186 leucolaema, Sharpe 210
187 Auripasser, Bonap 211
188 eucklorus, Bonap 211
189 Sorella, Hartl 211
189 emini, Hartl 211
190 Poliospiza, Bonap 211
191 albigularis (Smith) 211
192 crocopygia (Sharpe) .... 212
192 leucopygia (Sundev.) 212
193 gularis (Smith) 212
193 tristriata (Rupp.} 213
193 Serinus, Koch '. . . . 213
194 canicollis (Sivains.) 213
194 sulpkuratus (Linn.) .... 214
]94 fiaviventris (Swains.) .... 214
194 marskalli (Shelley) 214
194 icterus ( Vieill.) 215
195 serinus (Linn.} 215
195 canarius (Linn.) 216
195 svriacus, Bonap 217
196 pusillus (Pall.) 217
SYSTEMATIC IN DUX.
XV
Page
Svc;ilis, Bofc 218
Hjivi'ola (Linn.) '21$
pel/eliii, Scl 2 IS
am-usis, Kittl 218
Carpodacus, Kavp 219
erythrinus (Pall.) 219
ro.seatus (Hodgs.) ~2'2()
si'vertzon, Sharpe 220
purpureiis (Gmel.) 221
californicus, Baird '1'1\
c:i<sini, Baird 221
inexicanus (P. L. S.
Mull.) 222
froutalis (Say) 222
dementis, Mcarns 222
a in pi as, Itidyway 223
Propassei1, Hndgs 223
tlmra, Bonap. $ Schley. . . 223
Loxia, Linn 223
curvirostra, Linn 223
pity opal ttac us, Borkh. . . 225
bii'asciata (Brehm) 225
leucoptera, Gmel 225
Pyrrlmla, Bris* 226
pvrrhula (Linn.) 226
europaea, Vie ill 22(5
Pimcola, Vieill. 228
enucleator (Linn.) 228
caiui.densis, Cab 229
Urajrus, Keys. % Bias 229
sibiricus (Pall.) 229
1' vrrhulorhyncha, Giglioli . . 229
* pyrrlmloides (Pall.) 221)
Emberiza, Briss 230
schoeniclus. Linn 230
pallasi, Cab 232
pusilla, Pall 232
rustica, Pall 233
fucata, Pall 233
arcuata, Sharpe . . f 234
elegans, Temm 234
chrvsophrys, Pall 235
Haviventris (Sieph.) 235
melanocepkala, Scop 236
luteola, Sparrm 237
aureola, Pall. 237
citrinella, Linn 238
Bulphurata, Temm. fy
Schleg 240
personata, Temm 241
spodocephala, Pall 241
cirlus, Linn 242
hortulana, Linn 243
buchanarii, Blyth 244
cifisia, Cretzschm 244
steward, Blyth , 245
. T .
cia, Linn ...............
straclieyi, Moore ........
l^od lewtildi, Tacz .......
cioides, Brandt ........
caotaneiceps, Moore ....
ciopis, Bonap .........
jankowskii, Tacz .......
leucoc^phala, Gmel. . . .
Miliaria, Brehm ..........
iniliaria (Linn.) ........
Friugillaria,, Swains .........
capensis (Linn.) ........
insularis, Grant 8f Forbes .
striolata (Licht.) ........
saharae (Leva ill.) ........
impetuani (Smith) ......
Melophus, Swains .........
melanicterus (Gmel.) ....
Plectropkenax, Stejneger ....
nivalis (Linn.) ..........
CaL-arius, Eechst ...........
lapponicus (Linn.) ......
pictus (Swains.) ........
ornatus (Towns.) ........
Kbynchophanes, Baird . . . .
maccowni (Laivr.) ......
Calamospiza, Bonap .........
melanocorys, Stejn .......
Spiza, Bonap .............
americana (Gmel.) ......
Ckondestes, Swains .........
grammacus (Say) ......
strigatus (Swains.) ......
Pocecetes, Baird ..........
gramiueus (Gmel.) ......
confmis, Baird ........
Passerculus, Bonap .........
princeps, Maunard ......
savanna ( Wilson) ......
alaudinus (Bonap.) ......
Coturniculus, Bonap .......
passerinus ( Wilson) ......
Ammodrornus, Swains .....
maritimus ( Wilson) ....
caudacutus (Gmel.) ....
Myiospiza, Ridgway ........
peruana, (Bonap.) ......
Plagiospiza, Jtidffipay . . , , . .
superciliosa (Swains.) ....
Haemophila, Swains .........
cassini ( Woodhouse) ......
Amphispiza, Cortes ........
bilineata ( Cassin) ......
deserticola, Ridgw .......
belli ( Cassin) ......... ,
nevadensis, J&dgw .......
2-1 ('
247
24 7
21.
218.
2 18
249
249
250
250
25 !
251
252
252
25: J
253
254
254
254
254
256
256
258
258
259
259
259
259
280
260
260
260
260
261
261
262
262
262
262
263
263
263
264
264
264
265
265
265
265
265
265
266
266
266
266
267
XVI
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Poospiza, Cab 267
melanoleuca (D'Orb. 8f
Lafr.) 267
Junco, Wagler 268
hyemalis (Linn.} 268
oregonus ( Townsend) .... 268
caniceps ( Woodhouse) .... 269
phseonotus, Wagl 269
Spizella, Bonap 269
monticola (Gmel.) 269
ochracea, Brewster 270
socialis ( Wilson) 270
mexicana, Nelson 271
arizonae, Coues 271
pusilla (Wilson) 272
arenacea, Chadbourne .... 272
atrogularis (Cab.) 272
pallida (Swains.) 273
breweri, Cassin 273
Zonotricliia, Swains 273
leucophrys (Forster) .... 273
gambeli (Nuttall) 274
nuttalli, Ridgw 274
albicollis (Gmel.) 275
Brachyspiza, Ridgw 275
pileata (Bodd.) . . .- 275
sti-igiceps (Gould) 277
Melospiza, Baird 277
meloda ( Wilson) 277
montana (Henshaw) 278
fallax (Baird) 278
heermanm, Baird 278
samuelis (Baird) 279
lincolni (Audub.) 279
georgiana (Lath.) 279
Passerella, Swains 280
iliaca (Merrem) 280
Passerina ( Vieill.) 281
cyanea (Linn.) 281
amcena (Say) 281
ciris (Ltnn.) 281
Oreospiza, Ridgw. . 282
chlorura (Townsend) 282
Pipilo, Vieill 282
megalonyx, Baird 282
oregonus, Bell 283
erythrophthalmus (Linn.). 283
alleni, Corns 284
fuscus, Swains 284
mesoleucus, Baird 284
albigula, Baird 285
crissalis (Vig.) 285
Melozone, Keichenb 285
liarcuatum (Prevost) 285
Arremonops, Ridyw 286
. rufiyirgatus (Later.) 286
Page
chloronotus (Salvin) ---- 286
richmoiidi, Ridgw ....... 286
Embernagra, Less ........... 287
platensis (Gmel.) ..... ... 287
Emberizoides, Temm. ...... 287
macrurus (GmeL) ........ 287
Pseudocbloris, Sharpe ...... 288
uropygialis (D'Orb. &
Lafr.) .... ...... .... 288
aureiventris (Philippi 8f
Landb.) .............. 288
Phrygilus, Cab ....... ...... 288
gayi (Eydoux $ Gervais) . 288
melanoderus (Quoy $
Gaimard) ............ 289
alaudinus (Kittl.) ...... 289
Haplospiza, Cab ........... 289
unicolor, Cab ........... 289
Diuca, Reichenb ........... 290
diuca (Molina) ........ 290
Rhodospingus, Sharpe ...... 290
cruentus (Less.) ........ 290
Paroaria, Bonap ........... 290
cucullata (Lath.) ........ 290
Gubernatrix, Less ........... 291
cristata ( Vieill.) ........ 291
Arremon ( Vieill.) .......... 291
silens (Bodd.) .......... 291
spectabilis, Sclater ...... 291
aurantiirostris, Lafr ..... 292
Lysurus, Ridgw ........... 292
castaneiceps (Sclater) .... 292
Atlapetes, Wagler .......... 292
pileatus, Wagler ........ 292
gutturalis (Lafr.) ...... 293
Buarremon, Bonap ......... 293
bnmneiimcha (Lafr.) ---- 293
elseoprorus, Scl. fy Salv. . . 294
meridge, Scl. $ Salv ..... 294
Family CCEREBIDJE.
CcEreba, Vieill.
luteola (Ca&.)
mexicana (Scl.)
flaveola (Linn.)
newtoni (Baird)
dominicana (Taylor)
atrata (Lawr.)
Euneorris, Fitzinger ........
campestris (Linn.) ......
Diglossa, Wagler ..........
sittoides (D'Orb. $ Lafr.).
albilateralis, Lafr .......
personata (Fraser) ......
294
294
295
295
295
296
296
296
297
297
297
297
298
298
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XV11
Digloseopis, Sclntcr
Pa^e
Conirostrum, If Orb. $ Lafr. . L!(.>!)
sitticolor, Lap- ......... 299
299
2JK)
211)
300
300
301
301
301
301
301
302
302
302
303
303
303
304
304
304
304
304
304
305
305
306
306
307
307
307
308
308
309
310
310
311
311
311
311
310
310
310
31 1
311
311
311
312
312
313
Family
Eupbonia, Desmarest ......
iiigricollis (Vieill.) .......
dfgantissima (Bonap.) ..
ntfiiiis, Zm .............
hirundinacea, Bonap .....
Pyrrhuphonia, Bonap .......
Jamaica (Linn.} ........
Calos];i/a, Gray ............
paradisea (Sicains.) ......
chrysophrys (Scl.) ......
vitiioliua (Cab.} ........
cayaca {Linn.) ..........
cucullata (Stcains.) ......
nigiiviridis (Lafr.} ......
cyanoptera (Sivains.) ....
atricapilla (Lafr.) ......
Stephanophorus, Strickland. .
leucocephalus ( Vieill.). . . .
Pcecilothraupis, Cab .........
lunulata (Du Bus} ......
Tanajjra, Linn .............
episcopua, Linn .........
major, Berlepsch fy Stolz-
mann ................
caua, Swains ...........
cyanoptera ( Vieill.) ......
sayaca (Linn.) . ." ........
melanoptera, Scl .........
ornata, Sparrm .........
abbas, LicM .............
bonariensis ( Gmel.) ......
Sporothraupis, Ridgw .......
auricrissa (Scl.) ........
Spindalis, Jard. $• Selby ____
nigricephala (Jameson) . .
Rhamphocoelus, Desm .......
brasilius (Linn.) ...... , .
mgrigularis, Spix ......
dimid'iatus, Lafr .........
jacapa (Linn.) ..........
passerinii, Bonap .........
costoricensis, Cnerrie ....
flammigevus, Jard. Sf Selby.
icteronotus, Bonap .......
Pyranpra, Vieill .............
si-siiva (Linn.} ..........
rubra (Linn.) ..........
bidentata Steams .......
Phoenicothraupis, Cab .......
rubicoides (Lafr.) 3
gutturalis, Scl 3 1 •">
Tachyphonus, Vieill •>!•'>
rutus (L'odd.) 313
coronatus ( Vieill.} 314
Trichothraupis, Cab 314
melanops, Vieill 314
Chlorospingus, Cab 315
regionalis, Bangs 315
flavipectus (Lafr.} 315
Hemispingus, Cab 315
rubrirostris (Lafr.) 31 o
Psittospiza, Bonap 316
riefferi (Sow.) 316
Orchesticus, Cab 316
abeiUei (Less.) 316
Family PLOCEID^E.
Diatropura, Oberh 316
progne (Bodd.) 316
Coliostruthus, Sundev 317
ardens (Bodd.) 317
Urobrachya, Bonap 318
axillaris (Smith) 318
phcenicea (Heugl.} 318
Pyromelana, Bonap 318
flammiceps (Swains.} .... 318
uigriyenter (Cassin) 319
orix (Linn.) 319
franciscana (Isert) 320
d\Sidemsita(Fischer^Jieich.) 320
capensis (Linn.} 321
approximans (Cab.) .... 321
taha, Smith 321
afra (Gmel.) 322
Ploceipasser, Smith 322
mahali, Smith 322
Philjfiterus, Smith 322
socius (Lath.) 322
Pseudonigrita, Beichenow .... 323
arnaudi (Bonap.} 323
Pyrenestes, Swains 323
ostrinus ( Vieill.) 323
Quelea, Reichenb 324
erythrops (Hart 1.) 324
cardinalis (Hartl.) 324
quelea (Linn.} 324
Lepidopygia, Reichenb 325
poensis (Fraser) 325
nana (Pucker.) 325
Spermestes, Swains 325
cucullatus, Swains 325
scutatus, Heugl 326
Amaurestbes, Reichenb 326
fringilloides (Lafr.) 326
XV111
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Ortygospiza, Sundev .........
polvzona (Temm.) ......
atricollis ( Vieill.} ........
Hypargus, Reichenb .........
margaiitatus (Strickl.) . .
Lagonosticta, Cab ...........
brunneiceps, Sharpe ....
ruberrima, Reich .........
rufopicta, Fraser ........
rubricata (Licht.) ......
Stictospiza, Sharpe ........
formosa (Lath.) ........
Amadina, Swains. . .........
fasciata (Gmel.) ........
erythrocephala (Linn.} . .
Steganopleura, Reichenb .....
guttata (Shaw) ..........
Zonseginthus, Cab ...........
bellus (Lath.) ..........
oculatus ( Quoy fy Gaim.) . .
Coccopygia, Reichenb .......
dutresnei ( Vieill.) ......
Taeniopygia, Reichenb .......
castanotis (Gould) ......
Stictoptera, Reichenb .......
bichenovii ( Vig. £ Horsf.).
Sporseginthus, Cab .........
amandava (Linn.) ......
flavidiventris ( Wallace) . .
subflavus ( Vieill.) ......
melpodus ( Vieill.) ......
Munia, Hodgs .............
orizivora (Linn.) ........
malacca (Linn.) ........
maja (Linn.) ............
atricapilla ( Vieill.) ......
jagori (Cab.) ............
brunneiceps, Walden ....
nigriceps, Ramsay
spectabilis, Sd
caniceps, Salvad
punctulata (Linn.)
topela, Swink
nisoria ( Temm.)
Uroloncha, Cad
acuticauda (Hodgs.)
squamicollis, Sharpe
striata (Linn.)
fumigata ( Walden)
leucogaster (Slyth)
fuscans (Cassin)
pectoralis (Jerd.)
kelaarti (Jerd.)
molucca (Linn.)
Page
3*2(5
326
327
327
327
327
327
328
328
328
328
328
329
329
329
329
329
330
330
330
330
330
331
331
331
331
332
332
332
332
333
333
333
333
334
334
334
335
335
335
335
335
. 336
336
336
337
337
337
337
338
338
338
338
339
339
Page
Aidemos}rne, Reichenb 339
modesta (Gould) 339
malabarica (Linn.) 340
cantans (GmeL) 340
^Egintha, Cab 340
temporalis (Lath. ) 340
Bathilda, Reichenb 341
ruficauda (Gould) 341
Poephila, Gould 341
acuticauda ( Gould) 341
nigrotecta, Hartert 342
cincta, Gould 342
Erythrura, Swains 343
psittacea (Gmel.) 343
trichroa (Kittl.) 343
Neochmia, JBonap 343
phaeton (Hombr. fy Jacq.). 343
Estrilda, Sioaim; 344
astrilda (Linn.) 344
cinerea ( Vieill.) 344
vinacea (Hartl.) 345
Ursegintlms, Cab 345
phoenicotis, Swains 345
angolensis (Linn.) 345
damarensis, Reich 346
Sporopipes, Cab 346
squamifrons (Smith) .... 346
Malimbus, Vieill 346
rubricollis, Swains 346
Sycobrotus, Cab 347
gregalis (Licht.) 347
Othyphantes, Shelley 347
reichenowi (Fischer) .... 347
Heterhyphantes, Sharpe .... 348
melanoxanthus (Cab.). . . . 348
nigricollis ( Vieill.) 348
Hyphanturgus, Cab 348
ocularis (Stnith) 348
brachypterus (Swains.) . . 349
aurantius ( Vieill.} 349
Melanopteryx, Reichenow .... 350
mgerrima(Fm7/.) 350
castaneofusca (Less.) .... 351
rubiginosa (Rupp.) 351
Hyphantornis, Gray 351
femininus, Grant 351
cucullatus (Milll.) 352
nigriceps, Layard 352
spilonotus ( Vig.) 352
Sitagra, Reichenb 353
aliena, Sharpe 353
jacksoni, Shelley 353
dimidiata, Antin. 8f Saload. 354
melanocephala (Linn.) . . 354
intermedia (Rilpp.) 355
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XIX
Tape
pelselni (Ilartl.} :>f>r>
luteola (Lic/tt.) 3-V)
velata ( Vieill.)
auricapillft, Strains .'l-~>7
uliieiisis (Neumann) 357
capensis (Linn.) 3oS
oiivacea (Jia/in) 358
siibaurea (Smi/h) 359
aureiilava (Snrit/i) 359
bojVri, Finsch $ Ilartl. . . 359
xanthoptera, Ftttfck $
Hartl 360
palbula (Rilpp.) 3(iO
castanops, Shelley 361
Foudia, Reichenb 361
madagascariensifl (Linn.) . 361
ilavicans, E. Newton .... 362
Nelicurvius, Bonap 362
nelicourvi (Scop.) 362
rioceella, Oates 362
javanensis (Less.) 362
rioceus, Cuv 363
ba,j&,jBlyth 363
atrigula, Hodgs 364
beugalensis (Linn.} 364
maiiyar (Horsf.) 365
Arublyospiza, Sundev 365
albifrons ( Vig.) 365
unicolor (Fischer Sf
Reichenoiv} 366
melanonota (Heagl.} .... 366
capitalba (Hunap.) 366
Family ICTERIDJE.
Zarbyncbus, Oberholser 367
wisgleii (Gray) 367
G ynmostinops, Scl 368
montezuinse (Less.) 368
guatimozinus (Bonap.} . . 368
Ostinope, Cab 358
decumanus (Pall.) 368
salinoni, Scl 369
Cacicus, Lacepcde 369
persicus (Linn.} 369
\itellinus (Lawr.) 370
haemorrhous (Linn.) .... 370
Amblycercus, Cab , . 371
solitariua ( Vieill.) 371
CassiculuR, Swains 371
nielaiiicterus (JBonap.) . . . . 371
Cassidix, Less 371
oryzivora (Gmel.} 371
Dolichonyx, Swains 372
oryzivorus (Linn.) 372
Taiigaiius, Lesxon 372
involucraUis, I,ess 372
seneus ( //'«///.) 373
Molothrus, Steams 373
ater (Bodd.) 373
obscurus (Gmel.) 374
bonariensis (Gmel.) 374
cassini, Finsch 376
rufo-axillaris, Cassin .... 376
badius ( Vieill.) 377
Agelseus, Vieill 378
phoeniceus (Linn.) 378
neutralis, Ridgw 379
caurinus, Ridgw 379
tricolor, And 379
thilius (Mol.) 380
flavus (Gmel.) 380
ruficapillus, Vieill 381
Leistes, Vigors 381
superciliaris (JBonap.) .... 381
Xanthocepbalus, Bonap 382
xanthocephalus, Bonap. . . 382
Amblyrhamphus, Leach .... 382
bolosericeus (Scop.) 382
Pseudoleistes, Scl 383
guivahuro ( Vieill.) 383
virescens ( Vieill.) 383
Curseus, Sclater 384
aterrimus (Kittl.) 384
Trupialis, Bonap 384
militaris (Linn.} 384
bellicosa ,(De Fit.) 385
defilippii, Bonap 385
Sturnella, Vieill 386
magna (Linn.) 386
mexicana, Scl 387
inexpectata, Ridgw 387
neglecta, Audub 387
meridionalis, Scl 388
Icterus, frisson 388
baltimore (Linn.) 388
bullocki (Swains.) 389
spurius (Linn.) 389
pyrrhopterus ( Vieill.') 390
cayanensis (Linn.) 390
wagleri, Scl 390
prosthemelasC^n'cM) .. 391
parisorum, Bonap 391
inelanocepbalus ( Wuyl.) . . 391
auduboni, Giraud 392
cucullatus, Swains 392
sennetti, Ridgw 392
mesomelas ( Wagl.} 393
giraudi; Cassin 393
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
gularis ( Waal.) 394
sclateri, Cassin 394
pustulatus ( Wagl.) 394
leucopteryx ( Wayl.) 395
Euphaffus, Cassin 395
carolinus (P. L. 8. Mull.) . 395
cyanocephalus ( Wagl.) . . 396
Dives, Cassin 396
dives (Licht.) 396
Quiscalus Vieill 397
quiscalus (Linn.) 397
aglaeus, Baird 398
seneus, Ridgiv 398
Megaquiscalus, Cassin 399
major (Vieill.) 399
macrurus (Swains.) 399
tenuirqstris (Swains.) .... 400
Holoquiscalus, Oissin 401
jamaicensis (Daud.) .... 401
ibrtirostris (Laivr.) 401
luminosus (Lawr.) 401
Ilypopyrrhus, Bonap 402
pyrypogaster (De Turr.). . 402
Guorimopsar, Richmond .... 402
cliopi (Vieill.) 402
Family
Sturnus, Linn ............. 403
vulgaris, Linn ........... 403
faroensis, Feilden ........ 403
indicus, Hodys ......... 404
poltaratskii, Finsch ...... 404
caucasicus, Lorenz ...... 405
purpurascens, Gould .... 405
porphyronotus, Sharpe . . 405
minor, Hume .......... 405
unicolor, Temm ......... 406
Spodiopsar, Sharpe ........ 406
cineraceus (Temm.) ...... 406
burmanicus (Jerd.) ...... 407
andamanensis (Beavan) . . 407
malabaricus (Gmel.) .... 407
nemoricolus (Jerd.) ...... 408
blythi (Jerd.) .......... 4U8
Sturnopastor, Hodgson ...... 408
jalla (Horsf.) .......... 408
contra (Linn.) .......... 408
superciliaris, Blyth ...... 409
Creatophora, Lesson ........ 409
carunculata (Gmel.) .... 409
Pastor, Temm ............. 410
roseus (Linn.) .......... 410
Sturnia, Lesson ............ 411
Page
sinensis (Gmel.) 411
violacea (Bodd.) 411
Agropsar, Gates 411
sturninus (Pall.) 411
Temenuclius, Cab 412
pagrodarum (Gmel.) 412
Graculipioa, Lesson 412
nigricollis (Payk.) 412
melanoptera (I)aud.) .... 413
Acridotberes, Vieill 413
tristis (Linn. ) 413
melanosternum, Legge. . . . 414
ginginianiis (Lath.) 415
^Etbiopsar, Sharpe 415
fuscus ( Wagl.) 415
grandis, Moore 416
cristatellus (Gmel.) 416
&]bocinctus, Godwin-si usten
& Walden .. .416
Family EULABETID^;.
Sarcops, Walden 417
calvus (Linn.) 417
melanonotus, Oyilvie-Grant 417
Eulabes, Cuvier 418
religiosa (Linn.) 418
javanensis (Osbeck) 418
intermedia (A. Hay) .... 418
Hartlaubius, Bonap 419
auratus (P. L. S. Mull.) . . 419
Aplonis, Gould 419
cantoroides, Gray 419
brevirostris (Peale) 420
vitiensis, Lnyard 420
ntrifusca, Peale 420
kitthtzi, Finsch $ Hart I. . 421
Lamprocorax, Bonap 421
metallica (Temm.) 421
chalybea (Horsf.) 422
panayensis (Scop.) 422
Pyrrocbira, Reichenb 423
caffra (Linn.) 423
Amydrus, Cab 423
morio (Linn.) . . 423
Onvcognathus, Hartlaub .... 424
"blythi, Hartl 424
Lamprocolius, Sundev 424
splendidus ( Vieill.) 424
purpureus, P. L. S. Mull. . 425
phoenicopterus (Swains.). . 425
bispecularis (Strickl.) .... 425
Spreo, Lesson 426
bicolor ( Gmel.) 426
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XXI
Creadion, Vieill
carunculatus (dincl.) . .
Family ORIOLID^E.
427
Oriolup, Linn 427
galbula, Linn 427
^ kundoo, Sykes 428
dift'usus, Sharpe 429
tenuirostris, Blyth 430
andauianensis, Tytler Sf
Beavan 430
acrorhynchus, Blyth .... 430
melanocephalus, Linn 431
larvatus, Licht 431
trailli, Vigors 432
Mini eta, King 432
fiavocincta, King 432
sagittata (Lath.) 433
affinis, Gould 433
Sphecotlieres, Vieill 434
maxillaris, Lath 434
llaviventris, Gould 434
Family DICRUBID.E.
Dicrurus, Vieill 435
annectens (Hodgs:) 435
Chibia, Hod (/son 437
hottentotta (Linn.) 437
Dicruropsis, Salvad 437
bracteata (Gould) 437
carbonaria (Bonap.) 438
laemosticta (Scl.) 438
borneensip, Skarpe 438
Chaptia, Hodgson 439
SMQ* ( Vieill.) 439
Buchanga, Hodgson 439
atra (Hermann) 439
assimilis (fiechst.) 441
longicaudata (Jerd.) . . , . 442
nigrescens, Oates 443
leucogem s, Walden 443
cserule?cens (Linn.) 444
leucopygialis (Blyth) .... 444
Edolius, t'uvier 445
forrtcatus (Linn.) 445
Diasemuroides, Hume 445
andamanensia (Tytler fy
Beavan) 445
l^liviiiira, Hodgson 440
remifer (Temm.) 446
Dissemurus, G layer 446
piiradiseus (Linn.) 446
Pa-e
Family PARADISEIB^E.
Craspedophora, Gray 447
intercedens (Sharpe) .... 447
alberti, Elliot 447
Astrapia, Vieill 447
stephaniae, Finsch Sf Meyer 447
Paradisea, Linn 448
apoda, Linn 448
raggiana, Scl 448
Phonygama, Lesson 449
jamesi, Sharpe 449
Manucodia, Bocld 450
altera, Roths. $ Ilartert . . 450
jobiensis, Salvad 450
Lophorhina, Vieill 451
minor, Ramsay 451
Amblyornis, Elliot 451
inurnatus (Schleg.) 451
subalaris (Sharpe) 451
Chlamydodera, Gould 452
maculata, Gould 452
nuchalis (Jard. $ Selby) . . 452
^Elurcedus, Cab 452
stonei, Sharpe 452
melanocephalus, Ramsay. . 453
Family CORVIDJE.
Trypauocorax, Sundev 453
Irugilegus (Linn.) 453
pastinator (Gould) 454
Heterocorax, tikarpe 454
capensis (Licht.) ..." 454
Corvus, Linn 455
corax, Linn 455
islandicu?, Hantzsch .... 456
IrispaniH, Hartert fy
Kleinschm 456
canariensis, Hartert ^
Kleinschm 457
tingitanus, Irby 457
lawrencei, Hume 458
umbrinus, Sundev 458
principalis, Ridgw 459
cryptoleucus, Couch .... 459
coronoidea, Vig. fy Horsf. . 460
cecike, Mathews 460
macrorhynchus, Wag I. . . 4151
japonensis, Bonap 462
philippinus, Bonap 462
pusillus, Tweedd 463
torquatus, Linn 463
scapulatus, Daud. 464
cornix, Linn 464
XX11
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
sardonius, Kleinschm
sharpii, Gates
capellanus, Scl
corone, Linn
orientalis, Eversm
caurinus, Baird
ossifragus, Wilson
splendens, Vieill
insolens, Hume
brachyrhynchus, Brehm . .
pascuus, Cones
nesperis, Ridgw
Corvultur, Lesson
albicollis (Lath.)
Coloeus, Kaup
monedula (Linn.)
collaris (Drummond) ....
dauuricus (Pall.)
Khiriocorax, Sharpe
affmis (Rilpp.)
Microcorax, Sharpe
jamaicensis (Gmel.)
Physocorax, Bonap
moneduloides (Less.) ....
Macrocorax, Sharpe
fuscicapillus (Gray)
Nucifraga, Brisson
caryocatactes (Linn.) ....
Pica, Brisson
pica (Linn.)
melanonota (Brehm) ....
bactriana, Bonap
hudsonia (Sabine)
sericea, Gould
mauritanica, Malherbe. . . .
nuttalli, Audub
Cyanopolius, Bonap
cyanus (Pall.)
japonicus, Parrot
swinhoei, Hartert
cooki (Bonap.)
Urocissa, Cab
occipitalis (Blyth)
erythrorhyncha (Gmel.) . .
flavirostris (Blyth)
caerulea (Gould)
whiteheadi, Ogilvie- Grant
Dendrocitta, Gould
rufa (Scop.)
frontalis, McClell
liimalayensis (Blyth) ....
sinensis (Lath.)
cinerascens, Sharpe
Crypsirhina, Vieill
varians (Lath.)
Page
400
466
467
467
468
468
469
469
470
471
471
472
472
472
472
472
474
474
474
474
475
475
475
475
475
475
476
476
476
476
478
478
479
479
479
480
480
480
481
481
481
482
482
483
483
484
484
484
484
485
486
487
487
487
487
Page
Cissa, Boie 488
chinensis (Bodd.) 488
Calocitta, Gray 483
colliei ( Vigors) 488
Platysmurus, Reichenb 489
aterriraus (Temm.) 489
Garrulus, Brisson 489
glandarius (Linn.) 489
rufitergum, Hartert 490
caspius, Seebohm 491
minor, Verr 491
krynicki, Kalenicz 491
atricapillus, Geoff r 492
japouicus, Schleg 492
brandti, Eversm 492
whitakeri, Hartert 493
cervicalis, Bonap 493
bispecularis, Vigors 493
sinensis, Swinh 493
Laletes, Reichenow 494
lanceolatus ( Vigors) .... 494
Cractes, Billberg^ 494
infaustus (Linn.) 494
canadensis (Linn.) 495
Cyanocitta, Strickl 495
cristata (Linn.) 495
coronata (Stvains.) 496
florincola, Corns 496
Aphelocoma, Cab 496
californica ( Vigors) 496
woodhousei (Baird) .... 497
cyanotis, Ridgw 497
Cyanocorax, Boie 498
chrysops ( Vieill.} 498
affinis, Pelz 498
mystacalis (Geo/r.). . . ,.. 499
cteruleus ( Vieill.) 499
Xanthura, Bonap 500
galeata, Ridgw 500
luxuosa (Less.) 500
glaucescens, Ridgw 500
guatemalensis, Bonap 501
Cissolopha, Bonap 501
yucatanica (Dubois) .... 501
beecheyi ( Vigors} 501
melanocyanea (Hartl.) . . 502
Psilorhinus, Rilpp 502
morio ( Wagler) 502
vociferus ( Cabot) 503
Struthidea, Gould 503
cinerea, Gould 503
Picathartes, Lesson 504
gymnocephalus, Temm. . . 504
oreas, Reichenow 504
Glaucopis, Gmel 504
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XX111
Pago
cinerea, Gmel ~>()4
Graculus, Koch r>04
irraculus (Linn.} •">()!
Pyrrhocorax, Vicill '">0t;
iilpinus, Vitill 600
Corcorax, Lowon HOC)
melanorhamphus ( Tieill.} . 506
Podoces, Fischer 507
panderi, Fischer 507
humi]is; Hutne 507
Family STREPERID^;.
Page
Strepera, Lesson 508
jrraculina ( White] 508
ar^ruta, Gould 508
vieilloti, Mathews 509
melanoptera, Gould 509
plumbea, Gould 509
intermedia, Sharpc 510
fuligiuosa (Gould) 510
CATALOGUE
OF
BIRDS' EGGS
VOL. V.
Order PASSERIFORMES (continued).
(Of. Vol. iii. p. 165.)
Sub-Order ACROMYODI (continued).
(Of. Vol. iii. p. 229.)
PASSERES NORMALES (continued).
(Of. Vol. iii. p. 229.)
Family ZOSTEROPID^E.
Genus ZOSTEROPS, Vig. $ Horsf.
As a rule eggs of the White-eyes resemble each other closely in
size, shape, and colour. They are of a pointed oval shape, exhibit
very little gloss, and are of a pale blue or bluish-green colour,
without markings. The tint is variable not only among eggs of
the same species, but even among those of the same clutch. . In
some clutches all the eggs are white.
Zosterops japonica, Temm. $ Schl.
Zosterops japonica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 160 (1884) ; Seebohm,
B. Japan. Emp. p. 68 (1890) ; NeJirk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 78 (1899) ;
Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 11 (1901) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 221 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 1 (1906).
Zosterops palpebrosus japonicus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 315
(1905).
VOL. v. R
r L\« ,ZOSTEROPI1).E.
The eggs of the Japanese White-eye measure from -67 to -7 in
length, and from -5 to -53 in breadth.
4. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, llth July. "W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Subashiri, Fujiyama, 5th July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Zosterops gouldi, Bonap.
Zosterops chloronotus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. xxiii. fig. 14
(1845-64).
Zosterops gouldi, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 588 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 162 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 350 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 80 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds) i. p. 350 (1901) ; Finsch,
Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 12 (1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 2
(1906).
Eggs of the Australian Green-backed White-eye measure from
•62 to *7 in length, and from *48 to '5 in breadth.
4. West Australia. Gould Coll.
1. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia, 4th November Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. Campbell).
2. Australia, 27th December. Crowley Bequest.
3. Australia. Carter Coll.
Zosterops sundevalli, Hani.
Zosterops pallida, Sharpe (nee Siuains.), Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p, 160
(1884); Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 187 (1900) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich,
Zosterop. p. 50 (1901).
Zosterops sundevalli, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 2 (1906).
Eggs of Burch ell's White-eye measure from '65 to '66 in length,
and from *44 to *46 in breadth.
3. 14 Streams, Vaal River, November. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.].
Zosterops xanthochroa, Gray.
Zosterops xanthochroa, Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 259 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B.M. ix. p. 174 (1884); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 80 (1899);
Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 13 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 2 (1906).
Two eggs of the New Caledonian White-eye measure respectively
7 by '5 and -68 by -5.
2. New Caledonia (JE. L. Layard: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll).
XOSTEROPS. J
Zosterops ceylonensis, lloldsw.
Zosterops coylonensis, Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 585 (1879) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Bird* B.M. ix. p. 173 (1884)'; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop.
p. 13 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 2 (1906).
Three eggs of the Ceylon White- eye measure '6 by *47.
3. Ceylou, 12th August. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [0.].
Zosterops annulosa, Swains.
Zosterops capensis, Sundev. ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 171 (1884) ;
Kuschel, J.f. 0. 1895, p. 345 : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 80 (1899).
Zosterops annulosa, Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 14 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 2 (1906).
Seven eggs of the Cape White-eye measure from '67 to '69 in
length, and from '51 to '53 in breadth.
1. South Africa (E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.
2. Grahamstown, South Africa. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Durban, Natal, 20th October. Major R. Sparrow [E.l
2. Durban, 24th December. Major R. Sparrow [E. |.
1. Durban, 1st February. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
Zosterops madagascariensis (Gmel.\
Zosterops madagascariensis, Milne-Edwards fy Grandidier, Hist. Nat.
Madag., Ois. i. p. 291, pi. 302. fig. 15 (1879) ; Cowan, Proc. R.
Phys. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 148 (1882) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix.
p. 170 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 80 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 3 (1906).
Zosterops maderaspatana, Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 15 (1901).
Six eggs of the Madagascar White-eye measure from '63 to '69
in length, and from '49 to '5 in breadth.
The six eggs in the Crowley Collection, purchased from Jamrach
and said to have come from Madagascar, have been referred to
the present bird. They appear, however, to belong to a different
species, for they measure from *71 to '73 in length, and from '54
to *55 in breadth. Nehrkorn gives the measurements as '64 x '5
(16 x 12-5 mm.).
4. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].
2. Ilaka, S.E. Madagascar, 16th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
( W. Deans Cowan: Tristram Coll).
6. [Madagascar.] Crowley Bequest.
Zosterops palpebrosa (Temm.).
Zosterops palpebrosa, Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 582 (1879) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 165 (1884) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.
p. 214 (1889) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Egys Ind. Birds, i. p. 140
(1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 165 (1899); Barnes, Journ.
Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. v. p. 97, pi. (1890) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich,
Zosterop. p. 17 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 4 (1906).
B2
4 ZOSTEROPID2E.
The eggs of the Indian White-eye measure from -51 to -7 in
length, and from '4 to P49 in breadth.
2. Kotgarh, Himalayas, 30th June. Hume Coll.
1. Almora, Himalayas, 1st Aug. Hume Coll.
2. North-west Provinces, 19th June. Hume Coll.
1. Lucknow, 22nd May. Hume Coll.
2. Lucknow, 2nd July. Hume Coll.
2. Allahahad, 18th July. Hume Coll.
2. Allahabad. Hume Coll.
1. Jhansi, 7th August. Hume Coll.
3. Saugor, C. Provinces, 2nd Aug. Hume Coll.
7. Raipur, C. Provs. (F. R. Bkwitt}. Hume Coll.
9. Raipur, 15th June (F. JR. B.}. ' Hume Coll.
1. Nilghiri Hills (Miss Cockburn). Hume Coll.
3. Nilghiri Hills ( Walhouse : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.').
2. Ootacamund, Nilghiri Hills, llth Hume Coll.
March.
2. Ootacamund, 14th March. Hume Coll.
1. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, 15th March. Hume Coll.
2. Coonoor, 17th March. Hume Coll.
2. Coonoor, 15th April. Hume Coll.
3. Dibrughar, Assam, 18th May Hume Coll.
(J. R. Cripps).
1. Lunugala, Ceylon, May (A. L. Crowley Bequest.
Butler).
Zosterops aureiventer, Hume.
Zosterops aureiventer, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 163 (1884) ;
Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zost&rop. p. 17 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 4 (1906).
An egg of the Golden-bellied White-eye measures -59 by -45.
1. Java, 28th April. Crowley Bequest.
Zosterops basilanica, Steere.
Zosterops everetti, Sharpe (nee Tweedd.}, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 163
(1884).
Zosterops basilanica, Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 19 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 5 (1906).
Two (out of a clutch of three) eggs of the Basilan White-eye are
white ; they measure *55 by -45.
2. Bongao, Philippine Islands, 13th July Crowley Bequest.
(A. H. Eierett).
Zosterops simplex, Swirih.
Zosterops japonicus, Swinhoe (nee T. fy S.), Ibis, 1861, p. 331.
Zosterops palpebrosa Sharpe (nee Temm.}, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 165,
part. (1884).
Zosterops simplex, &iyan, Ibis, 1887, p. 227 ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.,
Birds, i. p. 215 (1889) ; La Touche. Ibis, 1898, p. 367 j 1899, p. 431 ;
ZOSTEROPS. O
Nehrk. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 80 (1899) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zos-
terop. p. 20 (1901) ; La Touche $ Rickett, Ibis, 1905, p. 31 ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 5 (1906).
The eggs of Swinhoe's White-eye measure from *6 to '67 in
length, and from '47 to *5 in breadth.
1. Amoy, China (R. Swinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
4. Amoy, China (R. S.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Foochow, China, 19th Juno. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
2. Formosa, 28th April (P. A. Hoist). Seebohm Coll.
•2. Formosa, 1st May (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Formosa, 5th May (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
Zosterops stejnegeri, Seebohm.
Zosterops stejnegeri, Seebohm, Ibis, 1891, p. 273 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 80 (1899) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 20 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 5 (1906).
Zosterops palpebrosa stejnegeri, Hartert, Vb'g. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 315
(1905).
Two eggs of Stejneger's White-eye are of a very pale bluish-
white ; they measure '7 in length, and from -5 to -51 in breadth.
2. Fatsizio, Seven Islands, Japan, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
13th April. [P.],
Zosterops natalis, Lister.
Zosterops natalis, Sharpe, in Andrew^ Monogr. Christmas Island, p. 49
(1900) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 23 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 7 (1906).
The eggs of the Christmas- Island White-eye in the Collection
vary greatly in size. Four examples measure respectively : *68 by
•51 ; -7 by -51 ; -6 by -49 ; -6 by -5.
2. Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, Sir John Murray [P.].
9th Nov. (C. W. Andrews).
2. Christmas Island (C. W. A.}. Sir John Murray [P.J.
Zosterops aignani, Uartert.
(Plate I. fig. 1.)
Zosterops aignani, Hartert, Nov. Zool. vi. p. 210 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 11 (1906).
The eggs of the St. Aignan White-eye measure from -62 to -72
in length, and from -5 to '55 in breadth.
3. St. Aignan, Louisiade Archipelago. Mr. A. S. Meek [C.].
3. St. Aignan. Mr. A. S. Meek [C.l
1. St. Aignan. Mr. A. S. Meek [C.].
ZOSTEEOl'ID.15.
Zosterops flavifrons (Gmel.).
Zosterops flavifrons, Tristram, Ibis, 1876, p. 262 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. ix. p. 187 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 80 (1899) ;
Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 30 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 11 (1906).
Two eggs of the New Hebrides White-eye are pure white and of
a rather long pointed oval shape. They measure *8 by *56.
1. New Hebrides, 24th October (J. G. Crowley Bequest.
Paton: Tristram Coll.).
1. New Hebrides, 14th November Crowley Bequest.
(J. G. P. : Tristram Coll.).
Zosterops owstoni, Hartert.
Zosterops semperi, Finsch (nee HartL), P. Z. S. 1880, p. 575 ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 80 (1899).
Zosterops semperi owstoni, Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 2 (1900).
Zosterops owstoni, Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop.}*. 31 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 12 (1906).
Two eggs of the Ruk Island White-eye measure respectively
•68 by -5 and -65 by -5.
2. Kuk Island, Caroline Is., 10th June. Crowley Bequest.
Zosterops hypoxantha, Salvad.
Zosterops hypoxantha, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 178 (1884);
Dahl, MT. Mus. Berlin, i. pp. 98, 210 (1899); Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 80 (1899) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 35 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 14 (1906).
Eggs of the New Pomeranian White-eye measure -65 by '5
and -62 by -48.
2. New Pomerania, Bismarck Archip. Crowley Bequest.
1. New Pomerania. Crowley Bequest.
Zosterops lateralis (Lath.).
Zosterops dor,calis, Thien. (nee V. Sf H.) Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxiii.
fig. 15 (1845-54).
Zosterops cserulescens, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 587 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 152 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 233 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 79 (1899; ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Amtr. Birds, i.p. 347, pi. 13 (1901) ; Finsch,
Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 39 (1901).
Zosterops lateralis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 16 (1906).
Eggs of the Australian Grey-backed White-eye measure from -61
to *8 in length, and from '45 to '59 in breadth.
ZOSTHHOPID.E. DIC.EIDJS.
3. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. Sydney, N.S.W. Old Collection.
3. Canterbury, N.S.W., 10th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North}.
3. Dobroyd, N.S.W. (E. P. Ramsay: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
3. Roseville, 17th October. A. J. North, Esq. [P.I.
Melbourne, Victoria. A. J. Campbell, Esq. [P.j
Melbourne. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Mouth of Yarra R., Victoria, 4th Crowley Bequest.
October (A. J. North).
3. Ballaarat Forest, Victoria. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
5. New Zealand. Dr. H. J. Wharton [P.].
2. Christchurch, New Zealand. Capt. R. Snow [P.],
Zosterops flaviceps, Peak.
Zosterops flaviceps, Peak, U.S. Expl. Exped. p. 95 (1848) ; Finsch $
Hartl. Beitr. Faun. Centralpolyn. p. 52, pi. i. fig. 7 (1867) ; Nehrk.
J.f. O. 1879, p. 396 ; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 40 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hana-l. v. p. 17 (1906).
Zosterops westernensis, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 79 (1899) [part.].
Eggs of the Fijian White-eye measure from -66 to -68 by -5.
10. Fin (E. L. Layard : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Zosterops tenuirostris, Gould.
Zosterops tenuirostris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. il. p. 536 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 154 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 79 (1899) ; Finsch, Das Tierreich, Zosterop. p. 42 (1901) : Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 17 (1906).
In four eggs of the Norfolk-Island White-eye, the measurements
vary from '72 to '8 in length, and from '56 to *6 in breadth.
4. Norfolk Island (Dr. Croivfoot). Crowley Bequest,
Family
Genus DIC-ffiUM, Cuv.
Dicaeum cruentatum (Linn.).
Dicaeum cruentatum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 15 (1885) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 376 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume. Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 270
(1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 21 (1906).
8 DIC-SID.S.
Eggs of the Scarlet-backed Flower-pecker are of a pointed oval
shape, plain white and without any gloss. They vary from '55 to
•58 in length, and from -38 to *42 in breadth.
1. Dibrugarh, Assam, 24th May ( J. R. Hume Coll.
Cripps).
2. Pegu, 1st April (E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.
2. Pegu, 9th April (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 28th March (E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest,
Dicaeum nigrimentum, Salvad.
Dicaeum nigrimentum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 17 (1885) ; id.,
Hand-L v. p. 21 (1906).
Three eggs of the Black-chinned Flower-pecker are uniform
white and of an elongate oval form. They measure from '53 to
•58 in length, and from -39 to -4 in breadth.
3. Singapore, 10th March (J. White- Crowley Bequest.
head).
Dicaeum hirundinaceum (Shaw).
Dicaeum hirundinaceum, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 581 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 19 (1885) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 236 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 437 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 22 (1906).
The eggs of the Swallow Flower-pecker are of an elongate oval
form, slightly glossy and plain white. They measure from '64 to
•7 in length, and from '43 to '5 in breadth.
6. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
3. South Australia (G. F. Angas). Gould Coll.
1. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
Dicaeum haematostictum, Sharpe.
Dicaeum haematostictum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 35 (1885) ;
Ogilme-Grant fy Whitehead, Ibis, 1896, p. 553 ; 1898, p. 243, pi. vi.
fig. 2 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 25 (1906).
An egg of the Blood-breasted Flower-pecker is of a regular oval
shape, without any gloss. It is pale greenish-white, spotted and
blotched with pale olive-brown and clouded with lilac-grey. The
markings are chiefly confined to the larger end of the egg. It
measures *65 by '49.
1. Canloan Volcano, Central Negros, J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Philippine Islands, 19th March.
Dicaeum trigonostigma (Scop.).
Dicaeum trigonostioma, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 343 ; id., Cat. Birds
B. M. x. p. 38 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 26 (1906).
niC.EUM.
An egg of the Orange-bellied Flower-pecker sent by Sir Hugh
Low is of a pointed oval shape and devoid of gloss. It is pale
greenish-white, rather thickly speckled and spotted, especially at
the broad end, with umber-brown and dull purplish-grey. It
measures '62 by '42.
1. Labuan Island, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
Dica&um cinereigulare, Tiveedd.
(Plate I. fig. 2.)
Dicaeum ciriereigulare, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B.M. x. p. 40 (1885) ; Oyilvie-
Grant $ Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 243; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 84 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 27 (1906).
The eggs of the Grey-throated Flower-pecker are of a pointed
oval shape, slightly glossy and plain white. They measure from
•59 to -62 in length, and from *42 to '45 in breadth.
2. Samar, Philippine Islands, July. J. Whitehead, Esq. [0.1.
2. Samar, July. J. Whitehead, Esq. fO.J.
2. Samar, July. J. Whitehead, Esq. [0.1,
1. Samar, July. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Dicaeum chrysorrhceum, Temm.
Dicaeum chrysorrhceum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 44 (1885) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit, Ind., Birds, ii. p. 378 (1890) ; Baker, Ibis, 1896,
p. 348 ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 27 (1906).
Eggs of the Yellow-vented Flower-pecker are of a long oval
shape, and dull white, devoid of gloss. They measure '6 in length,
and from '41 to *42 in breadth.
2. Margherita, Assam, 15th June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
Dicaeum concolor, Jerdon.
DicaBum concolor, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 45 (1885) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 379 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests 8f
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 272 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 28 (1906).
The eggs of the Nilghiri Flower-pecker are elongate ovals,
entirely devoid of gloss, and plain white. The average measure-
ment of four examples is '64 by -43.
1. Nilgliiri Hills, S. India, 19th Jan. Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
2. Nilghiri Hills, April. Hume Coll.
1. Nilghiri Hills, May.
Dicaeum olivaceum, Walden.
Dicseum inornatum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 45 (1885).
Dictum olivaceum, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 380 (1890) ;
Baker, Ibis, 1896, p. 349 ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 28 (1906).
10 DICLEID^S.
Three eggs of the Plain-coloured Flower-pecker are of a rather
broad oval shape, pure white, and devoid of gloss. They measure
from '52 to *58 in length, and from '42 to '46 'in breadth.
1. Margherita, Assam, 15th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
2. Margherita, 15th August. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
Dicaeum erythrorhynchum (Lath.).
Dicaeum minimum, Tick. ; Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 574 (1879).
DicaBum erythrorhynchum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 48 (1885) ;
Barnes, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. iv; p. 86 (1889) ; v. pi. (1890) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 381 (1890) ; id.', ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 274 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 84 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 28 (1906).
Eggs of Tickell's Flower-pecker are of a somewhat narrow
oval shape, and plain white, without gloss. They measure from
•57 to '61 in length, and from -4 to '41 in breadth.
2. Sitapur, Oudh, 12th March (C. R. Hume Coll.
Cock}.
3. Maimbhum, Bengal, February (R. Crowley Bequest.
C. Beavan: Tristram Cott.)
Genus PARDALOTUS, Vieill.
Pardalotus ornatus, Temm.
(Plate L fig. 3.)
Pardalotus striatus, Temm. ; Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 161 (1865).
Pardalotus ornatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 55 (1885) ; North,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 384 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 84 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 440 (1901) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. v, p. 29 (1906).
The eggs of the Striated Diamond-bird vary from a narrow to a
broad oval or spherical shape, and exhibit a small amount of gloss.
They are plain white, and measure from *7 to *75 in length, and
from *5 to '6 in breadth.
1. New South Wales ( Wilson}. Gould Coll.
2. Wimmera District, Victoria, 5th Crowley Bequest.
September (A. J. No^th).
South Australia (G. F. Angas}. Gould Coll.
South Australia. Oould Coll.
Pardalotus affinis, Gould.
Pardalotus affinis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 163 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 57 (1885) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 51 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests
$ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 443 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 29
(1906).
Four eggs of the Yellow-tipped Diamond-bird are of a broad oval
PARDALOTUS. 11
shape, pure white, and very slightly glossed. They measure from
-72 to -75 in length, and from -53 to -56 in breadth.
1. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
3. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Pardalotus punctatus (Shaw).
Pardalotus punctatus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 157 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Bird* B. J\F. x. p. 58 (1885) : North, Nests # Eyys
Austr. Birds, p. 48 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899) ;
Campbell. Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 444 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 29 (1906).
The eggs of the Spotted Diamond-bird are of a broad oval shape
and plain white, with a moderate amount of gloss. They measure
from *63 to '7 in length, and from '5 to -53 in breadth.
4. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
4. Dobroyd, New South Wales, Oo Crowley Bequest.
tober (E. P. Eamsay ; Tristram
Coll.).
4. Chatswood, N. S. Wales, 26th A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
October.
4. Canterbury, N. S. Wales, 15th Crowley Bequest.
September (A. J. North).
2. South Australia (White). Gould Coll.
2. Swan River (G. J. Bostock : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
3. Tasmania (Hinsby). Crowley Bequest.
Pardalotus melanocephalus, Gould.
Pardalotus melanocephalus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 165 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 60 (1885) ; North, Nests $ fygs
Austr. Birds, p. 52 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 447 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 29 (1906).
The eggs of the Black-headed Diamond-bird are of a broad oval
or spheroidal shape, slightly glossy, and plain white. They measure
from *67 to *7 in length, and from *53 to '56 in breadth.
3. Dawson River, Queensland, 21st Crowley Bequest.
August (North Coll.).
2. Rockhampton, Queensland, 10th Crowley Bequest.
January (North Coll.).
3. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay] . Gould Coll.
3. New South Wales (G. F. Angas). Gould Coll.
1. New South Wales (G. F. A.). Gould Coll.
1. Clarence River District, N.S.W., Crowley Bequest.
September (E. P. R. : Tristram
Coll.).
1 . Clarence River District ( J. Mac- Crowley Bequest.
(jillivray : Tristram Coll.).
12
Pardalotus quadragintus, Gould.
Pardalotus quadragintus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 160 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 62 (1885) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 54 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 449 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 30 (1906).
Three eggs of the Forty-spotted Diamond-bird are spheroidal in
form, white, and slightly glossed. They measure from '59 to '62
in length, and from -5 to '51 in breadth.
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Genus PIPRISOMA, Blyih.
Piprisoma squalidum (Burt.).
(Plate I. fig. 6.)
Piprisoma agile, Beavan, Ibis, 1865, p. 416; 1867, p. 430, pi. x.; Legge,
Birds Ceylon, p. 579 (1879).
Prionochilus squalidus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 73 (1885);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 84 (1899).
Piprisoma squalidum, Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 382 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 277 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 32 (1906).
The eggs of the Thick-billed Mower-pecker are of a regular oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are pale pink, and densely marked
with confluent blotches and clouds of chestnut-brown and lavender-
grey *. They measure from *6 to *63 in length, and from *45 to
•46 in breadth.
1. Northern India, 24th February. Hume Coll.
2. Maunbhum, 29th March (R. C. Crowley Bequest.
Beavan: Tristram Coll.).
2. Maunbhum, 18th April (It. C. B. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus MELANOCHARIS, Sclater.
Melanocharis striativentris, Salvad.
(Plate I. fig. 18.)
.Melanocharis striativentris, Salvad. Ann. Mus. Civ. Genov. (2) xiv. p. 150
(1894) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 33 (1906).
An egg of Salvadori's Flower-pecker is of a broad oval shape
and devoid of gloss ; the ground-colour is pinkish-white, blotched
* Mr. Stuart Baker (Ibis, 1896, p. 350) has described the nests and eggs of
the closely allied P. modestum.
NECTARINITDJE.
13
and spotted with purplish-brown and purplish-grey, the blotches
being more or less concentrated in an irregular zone round the
larger end. It measures '8 in length by '57 in breadth.
1. South-east New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [0.1.
1. South-east New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.J.
Family NECTARINIID.E.
Genus HEDYDIPNA, Cab.
Hedydipna metallica (Lwlit.).
(Plate I. fig. 4.)
Nectarinia metallica, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 8 (1884) ; Kuschel,
J. f. O. 1895, p. 346.
Hedydipna metallica, Shelley, Monogr. Ned. p. 3 (1876-80) ; id., Birds
Afr. ii. p. 15 (1900) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 34 (1906).
An egg of the Blue-collared Long-tailed Sun-bird is of a long
oval shape and slightly glossy ; it is pure white, with a few
irregular scrolls and dashes of dull purplish-red, congregated near
the larger end. It measures *59 by '48.
1. Khartum, March. Major H. M. Dunn [P.].
Genus NECTARINIA, Illiger.
Nectarinia famosa (Linn.).
(Plate I. fig. 17.)
Nectarinia famosa, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 13 (1876-80) ; Sharpe, ed.
LayarXs Birds S. Africa, p. 306 (1875-84) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds
B. M. ix. p. 5 (1884) ; Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 346 ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 75 (1899) ; Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 276
(1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 19 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 35 (1906).
The eggs of the Malachite Sun-bird are of an oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are greyish-brown, blotched all over
with dark brown or olive-brown. In some examples, however,
the markings are very fine and indistinct, and not much darker
than the ground-colour of the egg. They measure -71 to *76 in
length, by -5 to '52 in breadth.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
2. Cape Colony (T. Atmore: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Otjimbinque, Damaraland, April Crowley Bequest.
(C. J. Andersson: Tristram Coll.}.
14 NECTARINIIDJK.
Genus CHALCOSTETHA, Cab.
Chalcostetha pectoralis (Temm.).
Nectarinia pectoraiis. Schleg. fy Mull. Verhand. Zool., Aves, p. 57, pi. 9.
fig. (1846).
Chalcostetlia insignia, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 87 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 12 (1884).
Chalcostetha pectoralis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 345 (1890; ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 37 (1906).
The eggs of Maklot's Sun-bird are of a long oval shape, with
scarcely any gloss. In four specimens the ground-colour is whitish ,
thickly mottled and spotted all over with umber-brown, some of the
spots being rounded and more intense in colour. In another
specimen the ground-colour is greenish-white, blotched towards
the larger end with purplish-grey and with scattered spots and
small blotches of deep brown. They measure from -59 to *62 in
length, and from -42 to -43 in breadth.
4. Sandakan, N. Borneo ( W. B. Pryor : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
1. Labuan Island, Borneo. Crowley Bequest.
Genus ^THOPYGA, Cab.
JEthopyga vigors! (SyJces).
(Plate I. fig. 10.)
^Ethopyga vigorsi, Shelley, Monoyr. Nect. p. 71 (1876 -80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 18 (1884) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 350 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 250
(1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 38 (1906).
An egg of Vigors's Yellow-backed Sun-bird is of a regular oval
shape and without gloss. It is yellowish-buff, very densely mottled
with yellowish-brown. At the broad end there is a fine black hair-
line, extending over a third of the circumference of the egg. This
example measures '64 by *5.
1. Bhor Ghats, Western India Hume Coll.
(H. Wenden).
JEthopyga seherise (Tick.}.
(Plate I. fig. 12.)
^Ethopygaseheriee, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 67 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 18 (1884) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 348 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 249
(1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 38 (1906).
The eggs of the Himalayan Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of a
pointed oval form and devoid of gloss. They are white, speckled
with pale chocolate-brown and purplish-grey. The markings,
15
which arc small and well-defined, are more frequent at the broad
end of the egg than elsewhere, but do not form a conspicuous cap.
Four examples measure respectively : *55 by '47 ; '57 by *43 ; *59
by -44 ; -6 by -46.
1. Mongphoo, Darjiling, 2nd Aug. Hume Coll.
(J. Gammie).
3. S.ikliiiiiTerai,9thMay(O. Hotter). Hume Coll.
JEthopyga siparaja (Raffl.).
(Plate I. fig. 7.)
'^Ethopyga siparaja, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 57 (1876-80); Sharpe,
P.Z. S. 1879, p. 342; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 21 (1884) :
Sharpe, Ibis, 1889, p. 422 j id., Hand-L v. p. 38 (1906).
The eggs of the Malayan Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of a broad
oval form and without gloss. The ground-colour varies from
pinkish- white to pale salmon-pink, and the markings are of two
types. In one, which appears to be the commoner, the egg is
marked with large clouds of a darker pink than the ground-colour,
and is also spotted and otherwise marked with rich purplish-red
and chocolate-brown. In the other, the egg is densely streaked
and mottled with rich chestnut, and has no other markings except
a few specks of deep purplish-red, almost black in intensity.
Specimens measure from '52 to '6 in length, and from '4 to '43 in
breadth.
8. Labuan Island, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.J.
1. Borneo (H. Low : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Mt. Kina Balu, 30th April (J. White- Crowley Bequest
head).
JEthopyga magnifica, Sharpe.
^Ethopyga magnifica, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 51 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 24 (1884) ; Steere, List Birds $ Hamm.
Philipp. p. 22 (1890) ; Ogilvie-Grant $ Whitehead, Ibis, 1896, p. 550 ;
1898, p. 241, pi. v. tigs. 5 & 6 ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 38 (1906).
The eggs of the Black-bellied Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of a
somewhat lengthened oval shape and devoid of all gloss. They are
pale pink, mottled with chestnut, the markings being extremely
dense at the broad end and forming a zone or cap at that part. In
one or two specimens a few very fine hair-like lines may be noticed
at the broad end.
One example differs from the above, and resembles the eggs of
JE. siparaja of the first or commoner type.
Two examples measure respectively : -65 by !5 ; *68 by *48.
2. Negros, Philippine Islands, Feb. Steere Exped.
2. Cauloan Volcano, Negros, 23rd J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
March.
1. Canloan Volcano, 15th April. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.}.
NECTAKINIIDJE.
JEthopyga ignicauda (Hodgs.).
^Ethopyga ignicauda, Shelley, Monogr, Nect. p. 45 (1876-80) ; Gadoiv,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 25 (1884) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,
ii. p. 351 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 39 (1906).
Two eggs of the Fire-tailed Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of an
elongate oval shape and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is
white, finely spotted and mottled all over with light reddish-brown.
They measure respectively *75 by *49 and '73 by *49.
2. Darjiling, 27th May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [P.].
JEthopyga gouldias (Vig.).
^Ethopyga gouldiaB, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 41 (1876-80) ; Gadoiv, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 27 (1884); Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 352 (1890) ; Baker, Ibis, 1896, p. 343 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 39
(1906).
Two eggs of Mrs. Gould's Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of a broad
oval form and devoid of gloss ; the ground-colour is white, with
spots and small blotches of umber-brown and dull lavender all over
the shell, but concentrating towards the larger end so as to form a
wide zone. They measure respectively '56 by '44 and '5 by '44.
2. Laisung, North Cachar, 17th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
JEthopyga dabryi ( Verr.).
^Ethopyga dabryi, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 39 (1876-80) ; Gadoiv, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 28 (1884) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 353 (1890) ; Baker, Ibis, 1896, p. 344 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 39
(1906).
Two eggs of Dabry's Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of abroad oval form
and devoid of gloss; the ground-colour is white, spotted and blotched
with reddish-brown and dull violet-brown, most of the markings
concentrating so as to form a wide irregular zone round the larger
end. They measure respectively -55 by '42 and '53 by *41.
2. Hungrum, N. Cachar, 25th June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
JEthopyga bella, Tweedd.
^Ethopyga bella, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 77 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 29 (1884) ; Ogilvie-Grant $ Whiteliead, Ibis,
1898, p. 242, pi. v. fig. 10 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 40 (1906).
The eggs of the White-breasted Yellow-backed Sun-bird are of
a regular oval shape and devoid of gloss. They are pinkish-white,
blotched with lilac-red and chestnut-brown, especially at the broad
end, where the markings are larger and confluent. In addition,
EUDREPAXIS. ARA.CnXECnTIIR\. 17
there are traces of lavender-grey markings underlying the chestnut
and sometimes a few specks and lines of dark purplish-red. Three
examples measure respectively : *5 by "38 ; *51 by "39 ; *53 by '39.
3. Samar, Philippine Islands, 19th July. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Genus EUDREPANIS, Sharpe.
Eudrepanis pulcherrima (Sharpe).
(Plate I. fig. 9.)
Eudrepanis pulcherrima, Shelley, Monogr. Neat, p. 81 (1876-80) ; Ogilvie-
Grant & Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 242 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 40
(1906).
^Ethopyga pulcherrima, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix, p. 31 (1884).
Three eggs of the Short-tailed Yellow-backed San-bird resemble
those of JEthopyya siparaja of the first or commoner type, but are
rather more dull in colour. Three examples measure respectively :
•55 by -43 ; -55 by '42 ; -54 by -44.
3. Paranos, Samar, Philippine Islands, J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
26th June.
Genus ARACHNECHTHRA, Cab.
Arachnechthra asiatica (Lath.}.
(Plate I. figs. 14 & 15.)
Cinnyris asiaticus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 181 (1876-80) ; Legge, B.
Ceylon, p. 566 (1879).
Ciunyris asiatica, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 56 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 77 (1899).
Arachnechthra asiatica, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 359 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 252 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 41 (1906).
The eggs of the Purple Sun-bird are normally of a narrow,
pointed oval shape and they are moderately, and in some instances
highly, glossy. Mr. Hume thus describes them : — " The ground-
colour is greenish- greyish- or brownish-white ; in some but
little, in others almost entirely obscured by the markings. These
latter, always minute and ill-defined, are grey, purplish-grey, brown,
or greyish-brown. A certain number of the eggs are pretty uni-
formly speckled and freckled over the whole surface, but in the
majority the markings are densest towards the large end, where
many exhibit more or less perfect caps or zones, and to which
locality in some few specimens the markings are exclusively
confined."
The eggs measure from -6 to -7 in length, and from -45 to '48 in
breadth.
VOL. v. c
18 NECTARINIIDvE.
9. Sind (If. Gould). Gould Coll.
1. Hansi, Punjab, April. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 16th April. Hume Coll.
3. Hansi, 18th April. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 20th April. Hume Coll.
3. Hansi, July. Hume Coll.
2. Qurgaon District, 23rd April. Hume Coll.
5. North-west Provinces. Hume Coll.
1. Agra, 18th June. Hume Coll.
3. Lucknow, 16th May. Hume Coll.
1. Mirzapur, 5th June ( W. E. Brooks : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. Mirzapur, 14th March ( W. E. J5. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. Jhansi, Aug. (F. R. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
2. Maunbhum, 29th March (R. C. Crowley Bequest.
Beavan: Tristram Coll.).
4. Maunbhum, 5th April (R. C. B. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Raipur, C. Prqvs. (F. R. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, 20th Feb. Hume Coll.
1. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 14th Hume Coll.
April (Miss Cockburn).
1. Kullar, Nilghiri Hills, 5th Feb. Hume Coll.
1. Tipperah ( V. Irwin). Hume Coll.
Arachnechthra lotenia (Linn.).
Cinnyris lotenius, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 177 (1876-80) ; Legge, B.
Ceylon, p. 563 (1879) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 60 (1884).
Arachnechthra lotenia, Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 358 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 251 (1890) j Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 41 (1906).
An egg of Loten's Sun-bird is of a somewhat elongate, rather
pointed oval shape, and has very little gloss ; the ground-colour is
white, finely dotted and mottled all over with pale umber-brown,
the markings being rather more concentrated towards the larger
end so as to form an indistinct zone. It measures '69 by *48.
1. Lunugala, Ceylon, 3rd May (A. L. Crowley Bequest.
Butler).
Genus LEPTOCOMA, Cab.
Leptocoma minima (SyJces).
Cinnyris minimus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 143 (1876-80) ; Legge, B.
Ceylon, p. 572 (1879).
Cinnyris minima, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 62 (1884) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 77 (1899).
Arachnechthra minima, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 363
(1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 262 (1890).
Leptocoma minima, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 41 (1906).
An egg of the Tiny Sun-bird in the Collection closely resembles
LEPTOCOMA. HERMOTIMIA. 19
some of the eggs of Arachnechthra asiatica. It is greenish-white,
densely freckled with greyish-brown. It measures -61 by -42.
1. Niteliiri Hills, S. India, Oct. Hume Coll.
(W. Damsoti}.
Leptocoma hasselti (Temm.).
(Plate I. fig. 24.)
Cinnyris hasselti, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 127 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
'liinh B. M. ix. p. 67 (1884).
Arachnechthra hasselti, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 360 (1890) ;
id., etl. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 258 (1890).
Leptocoma hasselti, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 42 (1906).
Two eggs of Van Hasselt's Sun-bird are of an ordinary oval
form and rather glossy. They are brown, with a zone of a some-
what darker shade of the same colour round the broader end and
a few indistinct freckles elsewhere on the shell. Two examples
measure respectively : -57 by -4 ; -58 by -4.
2. Salang, Malay Peninsula, 28th Feb. Hume Coll..
(J. Darling}.
Leptocoma zeylonica (Linn.}.
Cinnvris zeylonica, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 137 (1876-80) ; Leqqe, B.
Ceylon, p. 569 (1879) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 64 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 77 (1899).
Arachnerhthra zeylonica, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 64
(1890) ; id., cd. Hume, Next* # Eijgs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 263 (1890).
Leptocoma zeylonica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 42 (1906).
The eggs of the Ceylonese, or Purple-rumped, Sun-bird do not
differ from those of ArachnecJithra asiatica either in colour or size.
2. Maunbhum, Bengal, 16th December Crowley Bequest.
(11. C. Beavan: Tristram Coll.).
1. Raipur, C. Provinces (F. jR. Hume Coll.
Blewitt).
2. Salem, Madras, Aug. (A. G. R. Hume Coll.
Theobald).
1. Southern India, 9th June. Hume Coll.
1. Lunugala, Ceylon, 6th April (A. L. Crowley Bequest.
Butler).
1. Lunugala, May (A. L. B.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus HERMOTIMIA, Reichenb.
Hermotimia corinna, Sdlvad.
Cinnyris corinna?, Shelley, Monor/r. Nect. p. 117 (1876-80).
Cinnyris aspasiae, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 68 (1884) [part.].
Hermotimia corinna, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 42 (1906).
An egg of the Duke- of- York-Island Sun-bird is of an oval form
cz
20 NECTARINIID^.
with a slight amount of gloss. The ground-colour is bluish-
white, and the markings, which are mostly concentrated in
an. irregular zone round the larger end, consist of short black
dots and scrolls and violet-grey under-markings. It measures *65
by -48.
1. New Pomerania. Crowley Bequest.
Hermotimia christianae (Tristram).
(Plate I. fig. 23.)
Cinnyris christianse, Tristram, Ibis, 1889, p. 55-5 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 77 (1899).
Hermotimia christianae, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 43 (1903).
The egg of Tristram's Sun-bird is of a somewhat pointed oval form
and slightly glossed ; the ground-colour is pinkish- white, thickly
mottled all over with purplish-brown, the markings concentrating
towards the larger end so as to form a distinct zone. Two examples
measure respectively -72 by '5 and *73 by '5.
2. Kiriwina Island, D'Entrecasteaux Is., Crowley Bequest.
19th March (A. S. Meek).
Hermotimia aspasioides ( Gray).
Cinnyris aspasioides, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 109 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 70 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 77
(1899).
Hermotimia aspasioides, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 43 (1906).
An egg of the Ceram Sun-bird is of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and slightly glossed ; the ground-colour is brownish- white,
and the markings, which are mostly distributed over the larger end
of the shell, around which they form an ill-defined zone, consist of
purplish-grey blotches, with overlying irregular spots and scrolls
of deep blackish-brown. It measures -68 by -46.
1, Amboyna (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus CINNYRIS, Cab.
Cinnyris cupreus (Shaw).
Cinnyris cupreus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 191 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 55 (1885) ; Hartert, J. f. O. 1886, p. 580 ;
Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 347 ; Nehrk. Kai. Eiersamml. p. 76 (1899) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 36 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 44 (1906).
The egg of the Copper-coloured Sun-bird is of a somewhat pointed
form, with scarcely any gloss ; the ground-colour is of a brownish -
white tint, and the markings, which are mostly concentrated in a
CINNY1US. 21
zone round the larger end, consist of purplish-grey blotches and
irregular dark-brown spots and scrolls. It measures '61 by '41.
1. Witu, British East Africa Crowley Bequest.
(Kutter Coll}.
Cinnyris notatus (P. L. S. Mull.\
Cinnyris notatus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 195 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
'Birds B. M. ix. p. 54 (1884) ; Nelirk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 76 (1899);
Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 30 (1900) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 44 (1906).
An egg of the Madagascar Sun-bird has the ground-colour
\ellowish-white, indistinctly mottled all over with dull lilac-grey
and darker yellowish-brown markings. It measures '8 by '55
(approximately).
1. S.E. Madagascar, 4th December Crowley Bequest.
(JJ*. Deans Cowan).
Cinnyris habessinicus (H. $ E.).
(Plate I. fig. 5.)
Ciunyris habessinicus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 205 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 52 (1884;; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 46
(1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 45 (1906).
Eggs of the Abyssinian Sun-bird are of an oval or somewhat
pointed oval shape and moderately glossy. The three eggs in the
Collection are of two somewhat different types : two examples from
El Toki have the ground-colour pale blue, marked all over with
minute but somewhat scattered dots of grey and reddish-brown ;
in the other one, from Roseires, the ground-colour is pale greenish-
white, indistinctly mottled all over with greyish and pale yellowish-
brown. Two examples measure respectively *67 by *42 and
•75 by '5.
1. lioseires, Blue Nile, September. Major H. N. Dunn [P.].
2. El Toki, Hawash Valley. Sir Alfred E. Pease, Bart. [P.].
Cinnyris erythrocerius (Heugl.}.
Cinnyris erythrocerius, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 209 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 44 (1884) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 49
(1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 45 (1906).
Three eggs of Heuglin's Wedge-tailed Sun-bird are of a rather
pointed oval form, with little or no gloss ; the ground-colour is
generally pale greenish-white, more or less thickly blotched and
mottled with pale grey and pale yellowish-brown. In one example
the grey blotches are much larger, and large portions of the shell
22
NECTAKIXIIDJS.
are devoid of markings. They measure respectively *66 by -48,.
•66 by -45, and -65 by -4.
3. Entebbe, Uganda, May. R J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Cinnyris mariquensis, Smith.
Cinnyris mariquensis, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 211 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
'Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 44 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 76
(1899; ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 51 (1900) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 45 (1906).
Eggs of tbe Southern Bifasciated Sun-bird are of a nearly perfect
oval form and have very little gloss ; the ground-colour is pale
bluish-white, and the entire shell is more or less thickly mottled all
over with brown and grey, the brown markings being strongly
developed in some specimens and very indistinct in others. They
vary from *6 to '62 m length, and from -44 to '47 in breadth.
1 . South Africa. Crowley Bequest.
4. Damaraland ( C. J. Andersson : . Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
Cinnyris osiris (Finscli).
Cinnyris osiris, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 215 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 44 (1884) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 53 (1900J ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 45 (1906).
An egg of the Abyssinian Bifasciated Sun-bird is of a pointed
oval shape, with scarcely any gloss ; its general colour is uniform
dark smoky-grey, with some faint indications of markings round
the larger end. It measures '66 by '45.
1. East Africa (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Cinnyris osea, Bonap.
Cinnyris osea, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 223 (1876-80); Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 53 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 76 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 46 (1906).
Three eggs of the Palestine Sun-bird are of a somewhat pointed
oval shape and slightly glossy ; the ground-colour is yellowish-
white, clouded with indistinct brownish-grey markings, more or
less concentrated so as to form a faint zone round the cap. Two
examples measure '6 by *45.
1. Jericho, 13th April (H. B. Tristram}. Crowley Bequest.
2. "VVady Haman, Genesaret, 23rd May Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. T.}.
CINNYRIS. 23
Cinnyris leucogaster, Vie-ill.
(Plate I. fig. 16.)
Cinnyris talatala, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birth S. Africa, p. 318 (1875-84) j
Sheliey, Monoi/r. Nect. p. 229 (1876-80).
Cinnyris leucogaster, Gadow, Cat. Birds li. M. ix. p. 40 (1884) ; Shelley,
Birds Afr. ii. p. 58 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 46 (1906).
An egg, said to be that of the South-African White-breasted
Sun -bird, is of a regular oval shape and devoid of gloss. It is pale
greenish-grey, spotted with blackish-brown and lavender-grey. The
markings are all small and distinct, but the edges of many of them
are blurred and ran into the surrounding ground-colour. This
specimen measures '75 by *5.
1. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.].
Cinnyris souimanga (Gmel.).
Nectarinia souimanga, E. Newton, Ibis, 1863, p. 342, pi. xiii. fig. 1 ;
Milne- Edwards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Rat. Madag., Ois. i. p. 277,
pi. 302. tig. 10 (1879); Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vii.
p. 148 (1882).
Cinnvris souimanga, Shelley, Monoqr. Nect. p. 245 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
'Cat, Birds B. M. ix. p. 43 (1884) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 68
(1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 48 (1906).
The eggs of the Madagascar Buff-breasted Sun-bird resemble
those of Arachnechthra asiatica so closely that they require no
separate description. Eight examples measure from *59 to '65 in
length, and from '41 to *49 in breadth.
2. Madagascar (ex Derby Mus. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
2. Madagascar (E. Neivton : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
3. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.
3. Betsileo. Kev. W. Deans Cowan [P.'
1. Betsileo. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [IV
1. Betsileo. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.
Cinnyris afer (Linn.}.
Cinnyris afer, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 313 (1875-84) ;
Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 249 (1876-80) ; id., Birds Afr. ii. p. 72
(1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 48 (1906).
Cinnyris afra, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 35 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 76 (1899).
An egg of the Greater Double-collared Sun-bird is of a broad
oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. It is of a olive-grey colour,
very densely mottled all over with dark greyish-brown. It measures
•6 by -49.
1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
24 NECTARINIJDJE.
Cinnyris chalybea (Linn.'}.
Cinnyris chalybaeus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 314
(1875-84).
Cinnyris chalybeus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 253 (1876-80) ; id., Birds
Afr. ii. p. 76 (1900).
Cinnvris chalybea, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 37 (1884) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 48 (1906).
An egg of the Lesser Double-collared Sun-bird is of a very
narrow oval form and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is olive-
grey and it is streaked and mottled with olive-brown, the markings
forming a small and indistinct zone at the broader end of the egg.
It measures '65 by "42.
A second specimen, of a wider oval form, has the same type of
markings, but the general colour is of a warm brown, and there
are a few small spots of darker brown scattered over the shell. It
measures -65 by -47.
1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.],
1. South Africa (E. L. Layard : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus CHALCOMITRA, Reichenb.
Chalcomitra acik (Antin.).
Cinnyris acik, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 265 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 94 (1884).
Chalcomitra acik, bhelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 90 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 50 (1906).
Eggs of the Acik Scarlet-chested Sun-bird vary in shape from a
regular oval to a pointed oval and are very slightly glossed. The
five odd eggs in the Collection represent two distinct types of
coloration. In the first the ground-colour varies from pinkish-
white to greenish-white, and the markings, which are scattered all
over the shell, are pale violet-grey and dark brown ; some of the
latter markings take the form of spots with blurred edges merging
into the ground-colour, while others form short irregular lines and
scrolls. In the second type the ground-colour is greenish-white,
and the whole surface of the shell is finely and thickly mottled
with dull olive-brown, or longitudinally smeared with cloudy
streaks of the same colour. They measure from *66 to '79 in
length, and from '48 to '53 in breadth.
5. Busoga, British East Africa, F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
May.
Chalcomitra gutturalis (Linn.).
Cinnyris gutturalis, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 261 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 91 (1884) ; Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 347 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 78 (1899) j Marshall, Ibis, 1900, p. 236.
CHALCOMITRA. ELJEOCERTHIA . 25
Chalcomitra gutturalis, Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 93 (1900); Sharpy
Hand-l. v. p. 50 (1906).
An egg of the Southern Scarlet-chested Sun-bird is of a wide
oval form, slightly pointed and devoid of gloss ; the ground-colour
is white, finely spotted and speckled all over with grey and olive-
brown. It measures '65 by *51.
1. East Africa (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Chalcomitra amethystina (Shaw).
(Plate I. figs. 19 & 20.)
Cinnyris amethvstinus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 315
(1875-64) ; Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 269 (1876-80) ; KuscheL J.f. O.
1895, p. 346.
Cinnyris amethystina, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 96 (1884) ; Nehrk.
Kat. EiersammL p. 78 (1899).
Chalcomitra amethystina, Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 103 (1900) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 51 (1906).
The eggs of the Amethyst Sun-bird are extremely variable.
Two examples in the Collection are regular ovals and of a greyish
cream-colour, longitudinally smeared with purplish-grey and
spotted with dark sooty-brown, these markings being much blurred
and smudged. Two other eggs are narrow ovals and of a darker
shade of greyish cream-colour, longitudinally streaked and smeared
with pale lavender-grey and very sparingly spotted with dark
brown. Other specimens are of quite a different character, being
cream-coloured, densely mottled all over with brown and lavender-
grey. Eight examples measure from '69 to -81 in length, and from,
•5 to *55 in breadth.
2. South Africa (Noakes). Crowley Bequest.
2. Natal (T. Ay res). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Natal (T. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [0.1.
2. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.J.
Genus ELJEOCERTHIA, Reichenb.
Elseocerthia fusca ( Vieill.).
Cinnyris fuscus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 285 (1876-80).
Cinnyris fusca, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 75 (1884); Kuschel,
J. f. O. 1895, p. 346 ; Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL p. 77 (1899).
Elaeocerthia fusca. Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 115 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l
v. p. 52 (1906).
Eggs of the White-vented Black Sun -bird are of a regular oval
form or slightly pointed, and are almost devoid of gloss. They vary
considerably in colour and markings : four have the ground-colour
greenish-white, finely mottled and clouded with lavender-grey and
26 NECTARINIID^E.
brownish-grey ; in one of these the markings are mostly confined
to the larger end of the shell, in the other three they are distributed
all over the shell, and one egg is also marked with dark brown spots
and scrolls. In the fifth egg the ground-colour is scarcely visible,
being almost entirely hidden by dense clouded markings of dull
lavender-brown. The measurements vary from '57 to '66 in length,
and from *41 to '48 in breadth.
5. Damaraland (C. J. Andersson : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus CYRTOSTOMUS, Cab.
Cyrtostomus flammaxillaris (BlytK).
Cinnyris fiammaxillaris, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 161 (1876-80); Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 83 (1884) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 77
(1899).
Araclmechthra flammaxillaris, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 362
(1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 260 (1890).
Cyrtostomus flammaxillaris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v, p. 55 (1906).
The eggs of the Burmese Yellow-breasted Sun-bird are of a
pointed oval shape and without gloss. They vary from greenish-
white to pale stone-colour, arid while some are densely mottled and
streaked with two or more shades of brown, others are clouded
and blotched with brown and purplish-grey. With few exceptions,
the eggs of this species are sparingly spotted with deep purplish-red
or chocolate-brown in addition to the other markings. They measure
from '58 to '63 in length, and from -43 to '48 in breadth.
1. Pegu, 17th March (E. W. Gates]. Crowley Bequest.
2. Pegu, 15th March (E. W. O.). Gates Coll.
2. Pegu, 15th March (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 15th March (E. W. O.}. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 17th March (E. W. O.). Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 14th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 30th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 8th Sept. (E. W. O.). Gates Coll.
1. Salang, Malay Peninsula, 1st March Hume Coll.
( J. Darling}.
1. Tapraw, Malay Peninsula, 6th May. Hume Coll.
Cyrtostomus andamanicus (Hume).
Cinnyris andamanicus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 157 (1876-80).
Cinnyris andamanica, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 83 (1884).
Arachnechthra andamanica, Oates, ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds,
ii. p. 262 (1890) ; id., Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 363 (1890).
Cyrtostomus andamanicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 55 (1906).
Two eggs of the Andaman Sun-bird are of a somewhat pointed
oval form, almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is white,
sparingly marked with spots and blotches of lavender-grey and
CYRTOSTOMTJS. 27
short markings and scrolls of deep brown, which are mostly con-
centrated towards the larger end of the shell. The eggs measure
respectively -6 by -42 and '61 by -43.
2. Gopta Ka Bung, S. Andamans, Crowley Bequest.
30th May (A. L. Butler).
Cyrtostomus jugularis (Linn.).
Cinnyris jup-id^ris, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 151 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 84 (1884) ; Steere, List Birds $ Mamm. Philipp.
p. -2'2 ( iSW) ; Oyiloie-Grant $ Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 243 ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 77 (1899).
Cyrtestomus jugularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 56 (1906).
The eggs of the Philippine Yellow-breasted Sun-bird are of a
regular oval shape and devoid of gloss. They are greyish-white or
bluish- white, smeared and blotched with pale lavender-grey and
spotted or mottled with deep chocolate-brown. The spots, which
are sparingly scattered over the surface, are of various sizes and
frequently blurred at the edges. Three examples measure
respectively: '63 by '47 ; '6 by -47 ; '65 by '48.
2. Philippine lalaads, May (E. L. Crowley Bequest.
3. Marinduque, Philippine Islands, Steere Exped.
17th May,
Cyrtostomus frenatus (S. Mull).
Nectarinia ausftralis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 584 (1865) ;
liamsay, Ibis, 1865, p. 85.
Cinnyris frenatus, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 153 (1876-80).
Cinnvris frenata, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 85 (1884); North,
Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 232 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 78 (1899) ; Robinson $ Laverock, Ibis, 1900, p. 633 j Campbell,
Nests.fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 345, pi. 13 (1901).
Cyrtostomus frenatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 56 (1906).
The eggs of the Australian Yellow-breasted Sun-bird are of a
narrow oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are pale
greenish-grey, mottled with brown and pale lavender. In two
specimens the markings form a distinct zone round the broad end ;
in another, an irregular cap ; and these three examples have,
moreover, a few black specks and lines within the zone or on the
cap. Four eggs measure respectively : -68 by *47 ; '68 by '49 ;
•63 by -43 ; -57 by '45.
An egg in the Crowley Collection (said to be of this species)
differs greatly from the above, having the ground-colour white with
blotches and spots of lavender-grey and irregular streaks, scrolls,
and dots of deep brown, most of the markings being concentrated
so as to form a zone round the larger end of the shell. It measures
•68 by -46.
28
NECTAKINIIDJ5.
2. Somerset, N. Queensland, 5th Jan. 0. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
2. Somerset. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
1. Bo wen Downs, Queensland. Crowley Bequest.
Cyrtostomus aurora, Tiveeddale.
Cinnyris aurora, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 149 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 88 (1884).
Cyrtostomus aurora, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 57 (1906).
Two eggs of the Philippine Yellow-breasted Sun-bird are of a
rather wide oval shape, slightly pointed and almost devoid of gloss.
The ground-colour is greenish-white, mottled with lavender-grey,
with scattered spots and marks of dark brown, and with long irregular
hair-lines of the same colour traversing the cap. Two examples
measure respectively -65 by '48 and '62 by '45.
2. Taguso, Palawan, 29th June Crowley Bequest.
(J. Whitehead).
Cyrtostomus pectoralis (Horsf.).
Cinnyris pectoralis, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 165 (1876-80) ; Sharpe,
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 341 ; Gadow', Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 88 (1884) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd,, Birds, ii. p. 361 (1890) ; id,, ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 259 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 78 (1899).
Cyrtostomus pectoralis, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 57 (1906).
The eggs of the Malayan Yellow-breasted Sun-bird are extremely
variable. They range from a narrow to a broad oval form and are
without gloss. In some specimens the ground-colour is nearly
pure white, in others greyish-white, pale greenish-grey, or brownish-
white. Some eggs are densely mottled all over with brown and
underlying lavender ; others are blotched and clouded with pale
purplish-brown and lilac-grey ; others again are marked with well-
defined spots and blotches of purplish-grey and dark brown. Many
specimens exhibit a large cap of confluent markings at the broad
end, others are evenly marked all over. Many eggs, like those of
C. flammaocillariS) are sparingly spotted with dark purplish- or
chocolate-brown. Specimens measure from *57 to '7 in length, and
from '41 to -48 in breadth.
42. Labuan I., Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
1. Labuan I. Crowley Bequest.
Cyrtostomus zenobia (Less.).
Cinnyris zenobia, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 173 (1876-80) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 90 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 78 (1899).
Cyrtostomus zenobia, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 57 (1906).
An egg of the Black-breasted Sun-bird is of a broad, somewhat
pointed oval shape, and is slightly glossy. The ground-colour is
ARACHNOTEERA. 29
pinkish-white, and the markings, arranged almost entirely in an
irregular /one round the larger end, consist of smudgy purplish-
grey under-markings with overlying spots, scrolls, and lines of deep
brown. It measures '64 by '40.
1. Amboina (Nekrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus ARACHNOTHERA, Temm.
Araclmothera longirostris (Lath.).
(Plate I. fig. 8.)
Arachnothera longirostra, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 357 (1876-80).
Arachnothera longirostris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 103 (1884) j
Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 371 (1890) ; Baker, Ibis, 1896,
p. 345 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 78 (1899) : Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 58 (1906).
Eggs of the Little Spider-hunter are of a regular oval form and
devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is white, and the markings,
mostly concentrated into a strongly defined zone round the larger
end of the shell, consist of pale violet-grey, and small, usually very
small, closely approximated surface-spots of reddish-brown or light
red. The eggs measure from -74 to -77 in length, and from -49 to
•51 in breadth.
2. Margherita, Assam, 12th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [0.1.
3. Jillalpur, Cachar, 4th' April E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [0.1.
(G. H. A. Hole).
2. Java, 23rd June. Crowley Bequest.
Arachnothera magna (Hodgs.).
(Plate I. fig. 13.)
Arachnothera magna, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 347 (1876-80) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 105 (1884) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds,
ii. p. 369 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 268
(1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 78 (1899) : Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 58 (1906).
The eggs of the Large Indian Spider-hunter are of a pointed
oval form and very smooth and glossy. Two specimens are of a
plain brownish-bronze colour ; another is entirely of a purplish-
brown colour ; and other specimens are purplish-brown, mottled
with a darker shade of the same. Six examples measure from
•86 to -97 in length, and from -63 to '72 in breadth.
1. Darjiling, Sikhim (Z. Mandelli). Hume Coll.
2. Mongphoo, Darjiling (/. Gammie). Hume Coll.
'2. Mongphoo (J. G.). Hume Coll.
1. Myawaddy, Tenasserim, 17th Hume Coll.
April (C. T. Bingham).
30
Arachnothera everetti,
Arachnorapliis everetti, Sharpe, Ibis, 1893, p, 861.
Arachnothera everetti, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 59 (1906).
Two eggs of Everett's Spider-hunter are of a long, rather pointed
oval shape and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour is whitish,
finely mottled all over with dull purplish-brown, this colour
becoming most dense towards the larger end, where it forms a
clearly defined /one or cap. The eggs measure respectively :
•88 by -6 and -9 by -6.
2. Mt. Kina Balu, N. Borneo, 16th Crowley Bequest
March (J. Whitchead).
Genus ANTHOTHREPTES, Swains.
Anthothreptes collaris ( Vieill.).
(Plate I. figs. 21 & 22.)
Nectarinia collaris, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 208.
AuthodisBta collaris, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 320 (1875-
84) ; Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. .339 (1876-80),
Anthothreptes collaris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 116 (1884);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 78 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 61
(1906).
The eggs of the Natal Collared Sun-bird are of an ordinary oval
form and exhibit little gloss. They vary mnch in colour ; two
examples are bluish-white, marked, almost entirely in the form of
a narrow zone round the broad end, with spots and short fine lines
of dark umber-brown and lavender. Two others are pale greyish-
buff, marked in a broad zone round the large end with confluent
blotches and lines of purplish-brown and lavender. Two others
are somewhat similarly marked, but on a pinkish-buff ground.
Seven examples, which are all more or less imperfect, measure
about -7 by -45.
2. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [0.].
2. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.J.
1. [Natal] (Nehrkorn Coll). Crowley Bequest.
Anthothreptes malaccensis (Scop.).
(Plate I. fig. 25.)
Anthreptes malaccensis, Shelley, Monogr. Nect. p. 315 (1876-80) ; Sharpe,
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 342.
Anthothreptes malaccensis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 122 (1884) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd,, Birds, ii. p. 366 (1890); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 79 (1899) : Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 62 (1906).
The eggs of the Malaccan Brown-throated Sun-bird are of a
regular oval shape and without gloss. They vary in ground-colour
NECTARIXIIDJ5. — WELIPHAGID^E. 31
from white or pinkish-white to pinkish-grey, and they are elegantly
marked all over with clouds and smears of underlying lavender-
grey, and specks, spots, hieroglyphics, and fine hair-lines of purplish-
brown or black, similar to those found on the eggs of many of the
Buntings. Specimens measure from -65 to '76 in length, and from
•49 to -53 in breadth.
18. Labuan I., Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
2. Labuan I. (Sir If. Low: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
1 . Labuan I. Crowley Bequest.
2. Labuan I., 27th May (J. Whitehead). Crowley Bequest. .
Genus CHALCOPARIA, Cab.
Chalcoparia phcenicotis (Temm.).
(Plate I. fig. 11.)
Anthreptes phcenicotis, Shelleij, Mon. Nect. p. 325 (1876-80).
Anthothreptes phcenicotis, Gadow, Cat. Birds E, M. ix. p. 121 (1884).
Chalcoparia phrenicotis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 373
(1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 269 (1890) •
Sltarpe, Hand-l. v. p. 63 (1906).
The eggs of the Euby-cheeked Sun-bird are of a blunt oval shape
and without gloss. They are dull white or pale cream-colour, very
densely mottled all over with lilac-grey, to such an extent in some
specimens that very little of the ground-colour is visible. In
some eggs there is a tendency for the markings to form a zone
round the broad end. Seven examples measure from '65 to '7 in
length, and from '44 to *49 in breadth.
2. Pegu, 15th March (E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 6th July (E. W. 0.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 27th Aug. (E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.
Family MEL1PHAGIDJE.
Genus MELITHREPTES, Vieill.
Melithreptes atricapillus (Lath.}.
Melithreptus lunulatus, Gmdfl, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 568 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 204 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eyas
Austr. Birds, p. 227 (1889) ; Nehrlt. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 80 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Bird*, i. p. 359, pi. 13 (1901).
Melithreptus chloropsis, Gould, Handb. Birds Ausir. i. p. 570 (1865).
Melithreptes atricapillus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 64 (19C6).
The eggs of the Lunulated Honey- eater are of a blunt oval shape
32 MELIPHAGIDJE.
and very slightly glossy. They vary from pale salmon-pink to
salmon- buff, spotted, almost entirely at the broad end where the
markings form an imperfect zone or cap, with chestnut or purplish-
red and underlying lavender or lilac-red. They measure from
•65 to *8 in length, and from *53 to '64 in breadth.
1. West Australia. Gould Coll.
3. West Australia, 26th Oct. (G. F. Gould Coll.
Angas).
2. Queensland. ^ Gould Coll.
1. New South Wales (Brack enbridge). Crowley Bequest.
2. Dobroyd, N. S. Wales (E. P. Ram- Crowley Bequest.
say : Tristram Coll.).
3. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay}. Gould Coll.
2. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [__
3. Victoria. Go vf. of Victoria [P."
2. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P."
3. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.'
2. Hastings, Western Point, Victoria, Crowley Bequest.
15th October (A. J. North).
Melithreptes albigularis, Gould.
Meliphaga albogularis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 17
(1845-54).
Melithreptus albogularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 571 (1865).
Melithreptus albigularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 205 (1884) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 228 (1889); Le Souef, Ibis,
1900, p. 463.
Melithreptus lunulatus albigularis, Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 362 (1901).
Melithreptes albigularis, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 64 (1906).
The eggs of the White-throated Honey-eater are of a narrow
and blunt oval shape, and entirely devoid of gloss. They are
pinkish-white, rather thickly spotted with chestnut, lilac-red, and
lavender. Two examples measure respectively : *85 by *53 ;
•72 by -52.
2. Port Essington, Australia ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
Melithreptes gularis, Gould.
Melithreptus gularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 566 (1865) ;
Ramsay, P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 597 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 205
(1884)'; North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 226 (1889) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 363 (1901).
Melithreptes gularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 65 (1906).
The eggs of the Black-throated Honey-eater are of an elliptical
shape and slightly glossy. They resemble the eggs of M. atricapillus.
Two examples measure respectively : '88 by *61 ; '77 by *59.
2. New South Wales (G. Bennett). Gould Coll.
1. Adelaide, S. Australia, September Crowley Bequest.
(J. W. Mellor).
MKLITHUKPTES. I'LECTORIIAMIMIUS. 33
Melithreptes validirostris, Gould.
Melithreptus validirostris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 206 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 80 (1809) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 364 (1901).
Melitkreptes validirostris, Shar^e, Hand-l. v. p. 65 (1906).
An egg of the Strong-billed Honey-eater is similar to those of
M. atricajrillus, but is somewhat larger. It measures '9 by '63.
1. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Melithreptes brevirostris, Vig. $ Horsf.
(Plate II. figs. 5 & 9.)
Melithreptus brevirostris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 207 (1884) ;
North, Nests fy Egys Austr. Birds, p. 225 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests
Sf Etjgs Austr. Birds, i. p. 304 (1901).
Melithreptes brevirostris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 65 (1906).
The eggs of the Short-billed, or Brown-headed, Honey-eater are
somewhat elliptical in shape and exhibit a very small amount of
gloss. They vary from flesh-colour to pale salmon-colour or light
buff and are marked in various ways. Two examples are speckled
with chestnut and lilac, but almost entirely at the broad end,
where the markings form a broad zone. .Two other eggs are
mottled all over with pale brownish-purple, and others again
are speckled with brownish-purple, chiefly at the larger end. They
measure from '6 to '7 in length, and from '45 to '48 in breadth.
1. Rockhampton, Queensland. Crowley Bequest.
2. Dawson River, Queensland, 13th Crowley Bequest.
Aug. (North Coll.}.
2. Western Port, Victoria (E. P. Sey- Crowley Bequest.
mour) .
2. Melbourne, 9th Nov. (A. J. North). Crowley Bequest.
Melithreptes melanocephalus, Gould.
Melithreptus melanocephalus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 207 (1884) ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 366 (1901).
Melithreptes melanocephalus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 65 (1906).
Three eggs of the Black-headed Honey-eater are similar to those
of M. atricapillus. They measure respectively -68 by -57 ; '77 by
•58 ; -83 by -58.
3. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Genus PLECTORHAMPHUS, Gray.
Plectorhamphus lanceolatus, Gould.
Meliphaga lanceolata, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 14
(1845-54).
Plectorhyncha lanceolata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 525 (1865) ;
North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 209, pi. xiii. fig. 2 (1889).
VOL. V. D
34
Plectorhynchus lanceolatus, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 208 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 80 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
.Birds, i. p. 369, pi. 13 (1901).
Plectorhamphus lanceolatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 65 (1906).
Eggs of the Lanceolate Honey-eater are of a blunt oval shape
and slightly glossy. They are dull white, rather densely speckled,
especially round the broad end, with pale reddish-brown and
lavender. They measure from -9 to -96 in length, and from '65 to
•7 in breadth.
1. New South Wales ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
3. Darling River, N.S.W., 19th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North}.
3. Darling River, Oct. (A. J. N.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus MYZOMELA, Vicj. $ Horsf.
Myzomela rubratra (Less.).
(Plate II. figs. 11 & 13.)
Myzomela rubratra, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 129 (1884) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 79 (1899) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 66 (1906).
Three eggs of the Marianne-Island Honey-eater are of a wide
oval form and somewhat glossy ; the ground-colour is white, and
the markings, which are mostly confined to the larger end, consist
of spots of light red, deep reddish-brown, purplish-brown, and
lavender-grey. They measure from -68 to '74 in length, and from
•51 to *55 in breadth.
1. Caroline Islards. Crowley Bequest.
1. Ruk Island, Caroline Is., 1st April. Crowley Bequest.
1. Ruk Island, 10th April. Crowley Bequest.
Myzomela nigriventris, Peak.
(Plate II. fig. 10.)
Myzomela nigriventris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 130 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 79 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 66 (1906).
An egg of the Samoan Honey-eater is of a regular oval form and
slightly glossy ; the ground-colour is pinkish-white, shading into
reddish-buff towards the larger end, and the markings, mostly
arranged in the form of a confused ring of small indistinct spots
round the larger end, are of sienna and purplish-brown. The
example measures '68 by -49.
1. Samoa Islands. Crowley Bequest.
Myzomela sangninolenta (Lath.}.
Myzomela sanguinolenta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 555 (1865) ;
Ramtay, Ibis, 1865, p. 304; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 131
(1884)'; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 222, pi. 13. fig. 20
(1889); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 352 (1901);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 66 (1906).
MYZOMELA. — ACANTH01UI YNCHUS. 35
Two eggs of the Sanguineous Honey-cater are of a blunt oval
shape and moderately gl'-ssy. They are white, marked round the
broad end with a well-defined zone of chestnut-brown and lavender
spots and small blotches. One specimen is also marked with a
few blackish specks on or near the zone. They measure respec-
tively : -57 by -45 ; -59 by -47.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
Myzomela nigra, Gould.
Meliphaga nigra, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 1 (1845-54).
Myzomela nigra, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 558 (1865); Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 138 (1884) ; Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc.
N. S. W. (2) i. p. 1151 (1886) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 223 (1889); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i, p. 354
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 68 (1906).
The eggs of the Black Honey-eater are of an oval shape and
nearly devoid of gloss. They are yellowish-buff, marked round
the broad end with a broad indistinct zone of more or less confluent
specks of pale brownish-buff. Four examples measure respectively :
•55 by -47 ; -58 by -46 ; -63 by -46 ; '63 by -47.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
Myzomela obscura, Gould.
M} zomela obscura, Gould. Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 659 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix.' p. 143 (1884) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 356, pi. 13 (1901); Nicoll, Ibis, 1904, p. '64; Sharpe.
Hand-l v. p. 70 (1906).
An egg of the Dusky Honey-eater closely resembles that of
M. rubratra both in form and markings. It measures *7 by "52.
1. Prince of Wales Island, Torres Earl of Crawford [P.].
Straits (M. J. Nicoll).
Genus ACANTHORHYNCHUS, Gould.
Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris (Lath.').
Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 551
(1865) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 144 (1884) ; North, Nests
$ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 220, pi. xii. tig. 20 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 79 (1899); Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 358 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 71 (1906).
The eggs of the Spine-bill are of a pointed oval form and slightly
glossy. They are cream-colour or pale creamy-buff, marked, almost
entirely at the broad end, with spots and small blotches, which
in some specimens are entirely pale chestnut, and in others rich
purplish-red and lavender. They measure from '1 to *76 in length,
and from -51 to -53 in breadth.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. Roseville, N.S.W., 17th November. A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
36
2. Fish River (E. P. Ramsay}. Crowley Bequest.
2. Dobroyd, N.S.W., October (E. P. R. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
2. Canterbury, N.S.W., 8th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North}.
2. Dandenong Ranges, Victoria, Oct. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
1. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Acanthorhynchus superciliosus, Gould.
Acanthorhynchus superciliosus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 5£3
(1865) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 145 (1884) ; North, Nests
$ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 221 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 357, pi. 13 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 71 (1906).
The egg of the White-browed Spine-bill in the Collection is in
fragments. It appears to be of a very pale buff -colour, spotted
and blotched at the broad end with chestnut and lavender. The
measurements of two eggs recorded by Mr. Campbell are respec-
tively: -78 by -52; -75 by -53.
1. West Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus GLYCIPHILA, Swains.
Glyciphila melanops (Lath.}.
Meliphaga fulvifrons, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vb'g. tab. xvi. fig. 4
(1845-54).
Glyciphila fulvifrons, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 495 (1865);
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 210 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 196, pi. xiii. fig. 6 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 81 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $• Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 370, pi. 13
(1901).
Glyciphila melanops, Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 71 (1906).
The eggs of the Fulvous-fronted Honey-eater are of a regular
oval shape and slightly glossy. They are white, sparingly speckled
and spotted with pale chestnut and lilac-red. Occasionally specimens
appear to be spotted with deep purplish-brown and purplish-grey.
The markings are chiefly confined to the broad end. Gould says
some of the eggs of this species are quite white, without a trace of
spots, but no such specimens are now in his collection. Examples
measure from *78 to *9 in length, and from *6 to '63 in breadth,
5. West Australia. Gould Coll.
6. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Victoria, 10th Aug. (A. J. North}. Crowley Bequest.
Glyciphila albifrons, Gould.
(Plate II. fig. 1.)
Glyciphila albifrons, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 497 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 211 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 197 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 372 (1901; ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 72 (1906).
GLYCIPHILA. — CONOPOmiLA. 37
The eggs of the White-fronted Honey-eater do not appear to be
in any way separable from those of Melitlireptes albigularis, described
above. They measure from '77 to -88 in length, and from *58 to *6
in breadth.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
7. South Australia. Gould Coll.
Glyciphila modesta, Gray.
( Hvciphila subfasciata, Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1868, p. 385.
Glyciphila modesta, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 215 (1884) ; Meyer,
Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 288, taf. xviii. figs. 7 & 8 ; North, Nests $
Eggs Austr. Birds, pp. 198, 389, pi. xiii. fig. 10 (1889); Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) ; Robinson fy Laverock, Ibis, 1900,
p. 634; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 376. pi. 13
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 72 (1906).
Ten eggs of the Brown-backed Honey-eater are of a rather narrow
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are white, sparingly marked
with minute, but very sharply defined specks of black. They
measure from •? to '78 in length, and from *5 to '55 in breadth.
2. Fergusson Island, British New C. A. Barnard, Esq. [P.],
Guinea, 12th Oct.
2. Herbert River, Queensland. S. Boyd, Esq. [P.].
2. Herbert River. S. Boyd, Esq. [P.].
2. Herbert River, 10th Dec. (North Crowley Bequest.
Coll}.
2. Aru Islands (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus CONOPOPHILA, Reicfienb.
Conopophila albigularis ( Gould).
(Plate II. fig. 14.)
Couopophila albigularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 532 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 73 (1906).
Entomophila albigularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 219 (1884) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 379 (1901).
An egg of the White-throated Honey-eater is of a regular oval
shape and devoid of gloss. It is dull white, profusely speckled all
over the shell with reddish-brown and lavender. It measures '73
by -51.
1. Port Essington, Australia, Gould Coll.
5th Dec. ( Wilson).
Conopophila rufigularis, Gould.
Entomophila rufigularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 219 (1884) ;
Campbell, Nests % Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 378, pi. 13 (1901).
Conopophila rufigularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 533 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 73 (1906).
Eggs of the Red -throated Honey-eater are similar to those of
38 MELIPHIGID^J.
C. albigularis, but, in some specimens, the fine markings are con-
centrated towards the larger end, and form an irregular zone or cap.
They measure from '7 to *75 in length, and from '5 to *53 in
breadth.
20. North Queensland. W. Radcliife Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus CERTHIONYX, Less.
Certhionyx variegatus, Less.
Entomophila leucomelas, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 220 (1884) ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 380, pi. 13 (1901).
Certhionyx variegatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 73 (1906).
Eggs of the Pied Honey-eater vary in shape, from a broad to a
pointed oval form, and are very slightly glossy. The ground-colour
is white or yellowish- white and the markings of dark brown, purplish-
brown, and lilac-grey take the form of numerous small spots and
blotches, which are distributed all over the surface of the shell.
They measure from '8 to '98 in length, and from -48 to '58 in breadth.
24. Gascoyne River, West Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
Genus MELIPHAGA, Lewin.
Meliphaga phrygia (Lath.).
Meliphaga phrygia, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vo'g. tab. xvi. fig. 9 (1845-54) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 527 (1865) ; Gadow, Cat. Birds
B. M. ix. p. 221 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 210,
pi. xii. fig. 8 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 381, pi. 14 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 74 (1906).
Xanthomyza phrygia, Ramsay, Trans. Phil. Soc. N. S. W. 1865, p. 319,
pi. i. fig. 3.
Eggs of the Warty-faced Honej'-eater are of a very broad oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are of a rich salrnon-buif
colour, speckled and spotted with purplish-red and underlying
lavender. The markings are rather dense at the broad end, but
sparse elsewhere. Four examples measure from *9 to 1-0 in length,
and from -69 to '7 in breadth.
2. New South Wales ( Wilson}. Gould Coll.
Genus MELILESTES, Salvad.
Melilestes poliopterus, Sharpe.
(Plate II. fig. 21.)
Melilestes polioptera, Sharpe, Journ. Linn. Soc., ZooL xvi. pp. 318, 438
(1882).
Arachnothera polioptera, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. Ill (1884).
Melilestes poliopterus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 75 (1906).
MELIPOTES. — STIGMATOPS. 39
Two eggs of the Grey-winged Honey-eater in the Collection are
almost elliptical in shape and slightly glossy. They are pinkish-
white, thickly mottled with pale reddish-brown, and feebly marked
at the broad end with a few blotches of pale lavender. They
measure respectively : *95 by '7 ; "95 by '72.
2. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].
Genus MELIPOTES, Sclat.
Melipotes fumigatus, A. B. Meyer.
(Plate II. fig. 7.)
Melipotes fumigatus, Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. iii. p. 22 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 76 (1906).
Melipotes atriceps, Grant, Evil. B. O. C. v. p. xiv (1895).
Two eggs of the Black -headed Honey-eater are of a regular oval
form and devoid of gloss ; they have the ground-colour pale pinkish-
white, and the markings, which are mostly concentrated round the
larger end so as to form a cap, take the form of rather faint purplish-
red blotches, more or less confluent towards the larger end. They
measure respectively 1*22 by '81 and T07 by '79.
] . S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [0.1.
1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].
Genus MELIRRHOPHETES, A. B. Meyer.
Melirrhophetes batesi, Sharpt.
(Plate II, fig. 12.)
Melirrhophetes batesi, Sharpe in Gould's Birds N. Guinea, iii. pi. 35
(1886) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 77 (1906).
A damaged egg of Bates' Honey-eater appears to have been of
a regular oval form and very slightly glossed. It has the ground-
colour salmon-buff, becoming rather more intense towards the larger
end, where it forms a zone, which is also indistinctly marked with
spots of faint purplish-red. It measures 1'22 by '86.
1. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].
Genus STIGMATOPS, Gould.
Stigmatops ocularis (Gould).
Meliphag-a ocularis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 3
(1845-54).
Stigmatops ocularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 500 (1865) ;
North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 198, pi. xiii. fig. 17 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 78 (1906).
Sti^niatops subocularis, Gould, torn. cit. p. 501.
Glyciphila ocularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 213 (1884) [part.] ;
40 MELIPHAGID^E.
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 374, pi. 13 (1901).
Glyciphila subocularis, Le Souef, Ibis, 1900, p. 463 ; Campbell, torn. cit.
p. 375.
The eggs of the Brown Honey-eater are of a regular oval shape
and almost devoid of gloss. They vary from white to cream-colour,
and are very minutely speckled, almost entirely at the broad end,
with pale rufous. They measure from -62 to -7 in length, and from
•49 to -51 in breadth.
1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Dawson River, Queensland. Crowley Bequest.
14th September (North Co//.).
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus PTILOTIS, Swains.
Ptilotis carunculata (Gmel.).
(Plate II. fig. 3.)
Ptilotis carunculata, Finsch 8f Hartl. Fauna Centr.-Polynes. p. 58, pi. i.
figs. 1 & 2 (1867) ; Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 438; Gadow, Cat. Birds
B. M. ix. p. 225 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 79 (1906).
Eggs of the Carunculated Honey-eater are of a broad oval
form and moderately glossy. They are of a pinkish-white or
salmon-pink colour, spotted, chiefly at the broad end, with purplish-
red and very pale underlying lavender. A few very dark, almost
black, specks are sometimes found scattered over the shell. They
measure from '96 to 1*0 in length, and from '66 to '72 in breadth.
5. Samoa. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [0.].
1. Samoa. Crowley Bequest.
Ptilotis procerior, Finsch $ Hartl.
(Plate II. fig. 8.)
Ptilotis carunculata, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 225 (1884) [part.].
Ptilotis procerior, Layard, P. Z. S. 1875, pp. 28, 431 ; Wiylesw. Abh. Mus.
Dresden, 1890-91, No. 6, p. 34 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 79 (1906).
Eggs of Finsch's Carunculated Honey-eater are usually of a
broad regular oval form : one example in the Collection is, however,
longer and more pointed ; the ground-colour is white, or pinkish-
white; the markings are most numerous towards the larger end
and form a zone of spots which are purplish-red and pale lilac. They
measure from -94 to I'O in length, and from -65 to '72 in breadth.
4. Ovalau, Fiji (E. L. Layard : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. Ovalau (E. L. L. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
PTILOTIS.
Ptilotis analoga, Reichenb.
Ptilotis analopra, Gadoio, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 227 (1884) [part.] j
Marpe, Hand-l. v. p. 80 (1906).
Ptilotis notata, North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 209, pi. xiii. fig. 4
(1889) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1898, p. 58 j Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p.-883 (1901).
The eggs of the Yellow-spotted Honey-eater vary from a narrow
to a broad oval shape and are moderately glossy. They are white,
spotted and blotched with dark umber-brown or deep chocolate-
brown. The markings are generally few in number and confined
chiefly to the broad end of the egg. In two examples, however,
in the Collection they are evenly spread over the whole shell, and
are intermingled with other spots of underlying pale lavender.
They measure from -88 to -91 in length, and from '65 to -7 in
breadth.
1. Albany Island, N. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. Somerset, N. Australia, 26th Oct. D. Le Souef, Esq. [P.].
2. Cape York, N. Australia. Capt. Owen Stanley [P.l
1. Cape York. Capt. Owen Stanley [P.J.
1. Queensland, 24th Dec. T. Carter, Esq. [0.1.
1. Queensland, 22th Nov. T. Carter, Esq. [C.|
Ptilotis orientalis, A. B. Meyer.
(Plate II. fig. 19.)
Ptilotis orientalis, Meyer. J.f. O. 1894, p. 92; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 80
(1906).
Two eggs of Meyer's Yellow-spotted Honey-eater are of a
blunt oval form and somewhat glossy ; the ground-colour is pale
pinkish-white, marked, chiefly in a zone round the broad end, with
spots of rich brownish-red and lavender. They measure respectively
•83 by -6 and -85 by -61.
2. Sariba Island, British New Guinea, C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
6th October.
Ptilotis gracilis, Gould.
Ptilotis analoga, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 227 (1884) [part.].
Ptilotis gracilis, Le Souef, Ibis, 1898, p. 56, pi. i. ; 1900, p. 615 ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 384 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 80 (1906).
The eggs of the Lesser Yellow-spotted Honey-eater are of a blunt
oval form and very glossy. Two examples are of a salmon-pink
colour, turning to sienna-piuk at the broad end, and spotted at that
part with rich chestnut and lavender. Both eggs measure '75
by -58.
•2. Somerset, N. Australia, 27th Oct. D. Le Souef, Esq. [P.].
42 MELIPHAGID^.
Ptilotis sharpei, Roihscli. &f Hartert.
(Plate II. fig. 18.)
Ptilotis analoga, Nehrk. (nee Reichenb.} Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81, pi. iii.
fig. 24 (1899).
Ptilotis aruensis sharpei, Rothsch. $ Hartert, Nov. Zool. x. p. 442 (1903).
Ptilotis sharpei, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 80 (1906).
An egg of Sharpe's Honey-eater is indistinguishable from that of
P. analoga ; it measures '91 by *68.
1. Fergusson Island, 12th December. Mr. A. S. Meek [C.].
Ptilotis fusca (Gould}.
Ptilotis fusca, Ramsay, Trans. Phil. Soc. N. S. W. 1865, p. 321, pi. i.
fig. 4 ; Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 520 (1865) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 229 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
p. 206 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests
$ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 385 (1901) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 81
(1906).
Eggs of the Fuscous Honey-eater are of a regular oval form and
somewhat glossy. They are of a rich pinkish-buff colour, spotted
all over, but rather sparingly, with pale pinkish-red and faint lilac.
They measure from '76 to -8 in length, and from -57 to -6 in
breadth.
1. Dawson River, Queensland, Crowley Bequest.
13th Aug. (North Coll.).
2. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay}. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales. Crowley Bequest.
Ptilotis chrysotis, Lath.
Ptilotis lewinii, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 503 (1865) ; Ramsay,
P. Z. S. 1875, p. 595 : Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 229 (1884) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs 'Austr. Birds, p. 199, pi . xiii. fig. 1 (1889) ;
NehrTc. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 386, pi. 14(1901).
Ptilotis chrysotis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 81 (1906).
An egg of Lewin's Honey-eater is of a regular oval shape and
almost devoid of gloss. It is pinkish-white, spotted, chiefly at the
broad end, with deep purplish-brown and lilac. It measures 1*0
by -73.
1. New South Wales ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
Ptilotis provocator, Layard.
(Plate II. fig. 2.)
Ptilotis provocator, Layard, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 28 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M.
ix. p. 230 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 81 (1899) j Sharpe,
Handel, v. p. 81 (1906).
Two eggs of the Kandavu Honey-eater closely resemble that of
PTILOTIS.
43
P. chrysotis, but the ground-colour is more tinged with salmon-
colour, and the markings on one of the two specimens are more
numerous and more generally distributed over the shell. They
measure respectively 1*0 by *7 and 1*1 by '72.
1. Kandavu, Fiji Islands (E. L. Crowley Bequest.
Layard : Tristram Coll.).
1. Kandavu (E. L. L. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Ptilotis sonora, Gould.
Ptilotis sonora, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. \. p. 504 (1865) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 234 (1834) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 81 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 390, pi. 14 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 81 (1906).
Ptilotis vittata, North, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 200 (1889).
Eggs of the Singing Honey-eater are of a blunt oval form and
almost devoid of gloss. They are flesh-colour, delicately speckled
or mottled with faint rufous and lavender. Some specimens have
an indistinct zone of rufous-buff round the larger end. They
measure from -76 to '92 in length, aud from -6 to -66 in breadth.
2. Queensland, 1st May, T. Carter, Esq.
2. Queensland, 19th July. T. Carter, Esq.
1. Queensland, 19th. Sept. T. Carter, Esq.
2. Queensland. T. Carter, Esq.
1. South Australia (J. Gould: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. South Australia, Dec. Gould Coll.
rc.j.
'0.1
Ptilotis chrysops (Lath.).
Ptilotis chrysops, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 521 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 236 (1884) ;• North, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 207, pi. xii. fig. 16 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8? Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 392, pi. 14 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 82 (1906).
The eggs of the Yellow-faced Honey-eater vary from a narrow
to a broad oval shape and are moderately glossy. They are of a
pinkish cream-colour, freckled, spotted or blotched, generally more
densely at the broad end than elsewhere, with various shades of red,
ranging from light chestnut to deep purplish-red, and with lavender
or lilac. The markings are often gathered into a broad confluent
zone at the broad end, the remainder of the shell being sparingly
spotted ; while, in some cases, they are evenly spread over the entire
surface of the egg. Specimens measure from *77 to '84 in length,
and from -55 to -01 in breadth.
2. Cape York, X. Queensland (J. Crowley Bequest.
MacGillivray : Tristram Coll.).
1. Xew South Wales, 17th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
(J. Gould).
1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
44 WELIPHAGID2E.
2. New South Wales ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales (E. P.Ramsay}. Gould ColL
1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
3. Dobroyd, N. S. Wales, Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(E. P.R.: Tristram Coll.).
1. Roseville, N. S. Wales, 24th Sept. A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
1. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
3. Melbourne, Victoria. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Yandembah, Victoria, Oct. (A. J. Crowley Bequest.
North}.
2. Hastings, Victoria, 23rd Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. N.}.
Ptilotis flavicollis, Vieill.
Ptilotis flavigula, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 508 (1865).
Ptilotis flavigularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 239 (1884) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 394 (1901).
Ptilotis flavicollis, North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 201, pi. xii.
fig. 13 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 82 (1906).
Pour eggs of the Yellow-throated Honey-eater are almost
elliptical in shape and very slightly glossy. They are pinkish-white,
speckled, chiefly at the broader end, with purplish-red and lavender.
They measure from '9 to -93 in length, and from '69 to •? in breadth.
Two eggs, of a more pointed oval form, measure '93 in length, and
from -64 to -65 in breadth.
2. Tasmania, 4th Dec. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania, Aug. Crowley Bequest.
2. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Ptilotis leucotis (Lath.}.
Ptilotis leucotis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 510 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds. B.M. ix. p. 240 (1884); North, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 201, pi. xiii. fig. 5 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82
(1899); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 396 (1901);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 82 (1906).
The eggs of the White- eared Honey-eater are of a very broad
oval or spheroidal shape and slightly glossy. They are cream-
coloured, delicately spotted, chiefly at the broad end, with purplish-
brown and lavender. They measure from '8 to '88 in length, and
from '65 to -68 in breadth.
2. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
1. Dandenong Ranges, Victoria, Oct. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C.
[P.].
3. Western Port, Victoria. Crowley Bequest.
I'TILOTIS. 4.")
Ptilotis auricomis L
Ptilotis auricomis, Ittnnwi/, Ibi*, 1864, p. 243; Gould, Handb. Birds
Austr. \. p. 311 (1805) : 7iW,sw/, Tnm*. Phil. Soc. N. S. W. 1865,
p. 322, pi. i. fig. 5; Gadow, <'»L Ilinl* li. M. ix. p. 242 (1884);
North, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 203, pi. xii. fig. 14 (1889) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Etersamml. p. 82 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 398, pi. 14 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 82 (1906).
The eggs of the Yellow-tufted Honey-eater are of a broad oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are of a pinkish flesh-colour,
speckled and spotted, chiefly at the broad end, with chestnut-red or
purplish-red and lavender. On some specimens the markings
form a zone round the broad end ; on others they form an ill-defined
cap. Examples measure from -82 to '9 in length, and from *63 to
•68 in breadth.
3. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay}. Gould Coll.
3. New South Wales (E. P. R.}. Gould Coll.
1. New South Wales, July (Sir D. Gould Coll.
Cooper).
2. Canterbury, N.S.W., 30th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
[with an egg of Cuculus palli-
dus (cf. Cat. Birds' Eggs B. M.
iii.p. 114, 1903)].
2. Dobroyd, N.S.W., 30th July Crowley Bequest.
(E. P. R. : Tristram Coll.).
1. Dobroyd (E. P. U. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Dobroyd (E. P. R.\ Crowlev Bequest.
3. Roseville, N.S.W., 24th Sept. A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
3. Sandhurst, Victoria, 19th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
Ptilotis cratitia, Gould.
Ptilotis cratitia, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 243 (1884) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 401 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 83 (1906).
The two eggs of the Wattled-cheeked Honey-eater collected by
Mr. T. Carter differ from those described by Mr. Campbell in having
the ground-colour pinkish-buff and salmon-colour respectively,
instead of white. Both eggs are sparingly and finely spotted with
reddish-brown and purplish-grey, the markings being most numerous
round the larger end, where they form an irregular cap or zone.
They measure respectively : '76 by '56 and *78 by *55.
2. South Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
Ptilotis ornata, Gould.
Ptilotis ornata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 515 (1865) ; Gadow
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 244 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 204 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 406, pi. 14 (1901) •
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 83 (1906).
46 MELIPHAGID^5.
The eggs of the Graceful Honey-eater are richly coloured, and
resemble those of P. gracilis and P. fusca. They are of a pinkish-
buff or deep salmon-pink, spotted with chestnut-red and lavender
or lilac. The markings are chiefly confined to the broad end.
Three examples measure respectively : -79 by -58 ; '78 by -59.
2. West Australia, 4th Sept. Gould Coll.
1. Fowday, West Australia, 4th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
(J. Gould: Tristram Coll.).
Ptilotis plumula, Gould.
Meliphaga plumula, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. xvi. fig. 8 (1845-64).
Ptilotis plumula, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 516 (1865); Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 245 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 205 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 407
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 83 (1906).
The eggs of the Plumed Honey-eater in the Collection very
closely resemble those of P. ornata. Two examples measure re-
spectively : -79 by '59 ; -87 by -62.
2. West Australia, 7th Dec. Gould Coll.
Ptilotis penicillata (Gould).
Ptilotis penicillata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 519 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 244 (1884) ; North, Nests 8? Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 205, pi. xii. fig. 15 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 82
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 403 (1901) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 83 (1906).
The eggs of the White-plumed Honey-eater are of a pointed oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are of a pinkish-cream-colour,
speckled and spotted with purplish-red, purplish-brown, and under-
lying lavender. In some examples the markings are confined to
the broad end ; in others they are evenly spread over the entire
surface of the shell. The ground-colour is often suffused with
darker pink at the broad end. Specimens measure from '71 to
•9 in length, and from *52 to -59 in breadth.
3. Australia. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I
2. Australia. Gould Coll.
1. Queensland. T. Carter, Esq. [C.]
2. Bugan River, New South Wales, Crowley Bequest.
13th Sept. (A. J. North).
3. Dobroyd, N.S.W., 9th Dec. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. N.-).
3. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
3. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
2. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
2. Melbourne, 5th Sept. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
mums. — PTILOPRORA. 47
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C.
2. South Australia (G. F. Anya*). Gould Coll.
3. South Australia ((?. ^'. A.). Gould Coll.
Ptilotis leilavalensis, North.
Ptilotis leilavalensis, North, Rec. Austr. Mus. iii. p. 106 (1899) ; Campbell,
Nests $ E<ys Austr. Birds, i. p. 405 (1901) : Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 84 (1906).
Eggs of Carter's Honey-cater vary from a perfect elliptical form
to a slightly elongate oval shape and are very slightly glossed ; the
ground-colour is white or pinkish- white, finely and sparingly spotted
with deep purplish-brown, reddish-brown, and lilac, the markings
being mostly confined to the larger end of the shell. They measure
from -76 to -83 in length, and from -57 to -64 in breadth.
3. Queensland, 25th August. T. Carter, Esq. [C.I
2. Queensland, 21st July. T. Carter, Esq. [O.J.
Genus XANTHOTIS, Reiclienb.
Xanthotis lessoni,
(Plate II. fig. 6.)
Ptilotis chrysotis, Gadow (nee Lath.), Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 238
(1884).
Xanthotis chrysotis, Gould, Birds New Guinea, iii. pi. 51 (1886).
Xanthotis lessoni, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 85 (1906).
Three eggs of the Golden-eared Honey-eater taken by Mr. Weiske
in New Guinea are of an ordinary oval shape and devoid of all
gloss. They are somewhat Pitta-like in general appearance, being
white, rather densely speckled, spotted, and, here and there, blotched
with very deep blackish-brown or black and purplish-grey. They
measure respectively : *98 by '71 ; 1 by '73 ; 1 by '71.
3. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [0.].
Genus PTILOPRORA, De Vis.
Ptiloprora guisei, De Vis.
(Plate II. fig. 22.)
Ptiloprora guisei, De Vis, Rep. Neiu Guinea, 1893-94, App. EE, p. 103
(1894) ; Sharpe Hand-l. v. p. 86 (1900).
An egg of De Vis' Honey-eater is of a rather long blunt oval
form and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is white,
with small, thinly distributed spots of deep purple-brown, purplish-
red, and lavender, most numerous towards the larger end, several of
the larger markings have blurred edges. It measures '87 by -6.
1. South-east New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].
43
Genus MELIORNIS, Gray.
Meliornis pyrrhoptera (Lath.}.
Licbmera australasiana, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 493 (1865) ;
North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 195, pi. xii. fig. 17 (1889).
Meliornis australasiana, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 252 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml p. 82 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 411 (1901).
Meliornis pyrrhoptera, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 87 (1906).
Eggs of the Crescent Honey-eater are of a regular or rather
blunt oval form and very slightly glossy. The ground-colour is
pinkish-cream-colour, speckled, chiefly about the broader end, with
purplish-red and lilac : in one egg the ground-colour shades into
bright chestnut-rufous towards the larger end. They measure
from '7 to '76 in length, and from '52 to '55 in breadth.
1. Australia (A. J. Campbell}. Crowley Bequest.
1. Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [0.].
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
3. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Meliornis novae hollandiae, Lath.
Meliornis novae hollandise, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 486 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 253 (1884) ; North, Nests 8f Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 191 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 412, pi. 14 (1901) j Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 87 (1906).
Eggs of the New Holland Honey-eater are of a broad oval form
and moderately glossy. They are of a pinkish-cream-colour, very
distinctly speckled and spotted, chiefly at the broad end, with rich
purplish-red and lavender. They measure from "75 to "88 in
length, and from -6 to -63 in breadth.
1. Australia. W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Australia. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Queensland. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales (J. Gould). Crowley Bequest.
2. New South Wales (J. G. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
2. Botany, N.S.W., 20th August Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
2. Canterbury, N.S.W., 12th April. A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
1. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
MELIORNIS. 49
Meliornis longirostris (Gould).
(Plate II. fig. 4.)
Meliornis longirostris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 488 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 254 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 192 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 82 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 87 (1906).
Meliornis novae hollandise longirostris, Campbell. Nests & Eqqs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 413 (1901).
The eggs of the Long-billed Honey-eater are of a rather broad
oval form and devoid of gloss. They are of a creamy-buff colour,
speckled, chiefly in the shape of a zone round the broad end, with
purplish-red and lavender. Four examples measure respectively :
•75 by -58 ; 75 by -59 ; -75 by -6 ; 77 by -57.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
Meliornis sericea (Gould).
Meliphaga sericea, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 5 (1845-54).
Meliornis sericea, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 490 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 254 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 193, pi. xii. fig. 19 (1889); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 414 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 88 (1906).
Two eggs of the White-oheeked Honey-eater are of a regular
oval shape and very slightly glossy. They are pale cream-colour,
speckled, chiefly at the broad end, with reddish-brown and lilac-red.
They measure respectively : -8 by *6 ; '77 by '6.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
Meliornis mystacalis (Gould).
Meliphaga mystacalis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 6 (1845-54).
Meliornis mystacalis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 491 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 255 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 194 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 415 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 88 (1906).
The two eggs of the Moustached Honey-eater in the Collection
are of a rather broad oval shape and slightly glossy. They are of
a pale cream-colour, marked, chiefly at the broad end, with specks
and spots of reddish-brown or deep chocolate-brown and underlying
lilac. They measure respectively : '78 by '61 ; '8 by *6.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
VOL. v.
50 MELEPHAGID^.
Genus ANTHORNIS, Gray.
Anthornis melanura (Sparrm.).
(Plate II. figs. 15 & 20.)
Anthornis melanura, Potts, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. ii. p. 56 (1869) ; iii.
p. 72 (1870); Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 255 (1884) ; Reischek,
Tr. N. Zeal. Inst. 1886, p. 186 ; Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. i.
p. 85 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 88 (1906).
The eggs of the New-Zealand Bell-hird are of an ordinary oval
shape and quite devoid of gloss. They vary from white to pinkish-
white, and are marked, chiefly at the broad end, with spots
and blotches of different shades of red, varying from brick-red to
pale lilac-red. On some specimens the markings are small and
widely-scattered ; on others, they consist of large blotches, which
are sometimes confluent and form a large cap at the broad end.
Examples measure from *84 to '95 in length, and from "65 to *7
in breadth.
1. New Zealand (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
5. New Zealand. W. RadcMe Saunders, Esq.
5. New Zealand. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. New Zealand. Dr. H. T. Wharton [P.].
2. New Zealand (H. 0. Forbes). Crowley Bequest.
1. Blue Cliffs, N.Z., 26th Jan. (J. JR. Crowley Bequest.
Cook: Tristram Coll.).
1. Christchurch, N.Z. Capt. K. Snow [P.].
3. Otago, N.Z. (E. P. Seymour). Crowley Bequest.
Anthornis melanocephala, Gray.
(Plate II. figs. 16 & 17.)
Anthornis melanocephala, Butter, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. i. p. 92 (1888) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 88 (1906).
Eggs of the Chatham-Island Bell-bird are of a regular oval form
and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour varies from pale
pinkish-white to pale pink, and the markings of sienna or purplish-
red, usually in the form of clouded blotches, are mostly confined
to the larger end of the shell, but in one example (fig. 16) the
markings are more in the form of spots. They measure from
1-01 to 1-06 in length, and from -69 to -76 in breadth.
2. Chatham Islands (Field Coll). W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
2. Chatham Islands (Field Coll). W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
1. Chatham Islands. Crowley Bequest.
•owley
PROSTIIEMADERA. MYZANTHA. 51
Genus PROSTHEMADERA, Gray.
Prosthemadera novae zealandiae (Gmel.}.
Prosthemadera novae zealandiae, Walter, P. Z. S. 1853, p. 192, pi. Ivi.
fig. 2 ; Potts, Trans. New Zeal. Inst. ii. p. 55 (1869) ; Gadow, Cat.
Birds B. M. ix. p. 257 (1884) ; Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. i.
p. 94 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899) j Sharpe, Hand-L
v. p. 88 (1906).
The eggs of the Tui or Parson-bird are of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is white,
marked, often very sparingly, with pale rufous. The markings in
some specimens consist of smears and blotches ; in others, of small
specks and spots. They measure from 1'2 to 1-32 in length, and
from -8 to *85 in breadth.
3. New Zealand. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. New Zealand. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. New Zealand. Purchased.
1. New Zealand. Dr. H. T. Wharton [P.].
1. Christchurch, New Zealand. Capt. R. Snow [P.],
2. Otago,N.Z. (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus MANORHINA, VieiU.
Manorhina melanophrys (Lath.}.
Manorhina melanophrys, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 579 (1865) ;
Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 259 (1884) ; North, Nests # Eggs
Austr. Birds, p. 231 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 416, pi. 14 (1901);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 88 (1906).
The eggs of the Bell-Miner in the Collection are of a narrow oval
shape and slightly glossy. Two examples are of a pinkish flesh-
colour and one of a salmon-pink colour, and they are spotted with
chestnut or dark reddish-brown and underlying lavender. They
measure respectively : -91 by -6 ; -93 by '62 ; -86 by -62.
1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
Genus MYZANTHA, Vig. $ Horsf.
Myzantha garrula (Lath.}.
(Plate III. fig. 9.)
Meliphaga garrula, Thien. Fortpflanz.ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 16 (1845-54).
Mvzantha garrula, Gc.uld, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 574 (1865) ; North,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 229, pi. xii. fig. 2 (1889) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l. v. p. 89 (1906).
T? 9
52 MELIPHAGIDJE.
Manorhina garrula, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 260 (1884) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 82 (1899).
Myzantha (Manorhina) garrula, Campbell, Nests fy Eygs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 420, pi. 14 (1901).
The eggs of the Garrulous Honey-eater vary in shape from
narrow to broad oval and they are slightly glossy. They are cream-
coloured, profusely spotted and blotched with rich chestnut and
purplish-grey. The disposition of the markings varies considerably.
On some specimens they are large and crowded together over
the broader half, where they form a dense cap ; on others, they
are smaller and pretty evenly distributed over the entire shell.
Examples measure from «95 to 1-22 in length, and from -71 to -82 in
breadth.
4. Australia. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Dobroyd, New South Wales (E. P. Crowley Bequest.
Ramsay : Tristram Coll.).
3, Macquarie Fields, N.S. W., October Crowley Bequest.
(E. P. It. : Tristram Coll.).
3. Bogan River, N.S.W., 18th Sep- Crowley Bequest,
tember (A. J. North).
2. Victoria. Gould Collection.
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C.
3. Oakleigh, Victoria, November. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Hastings, Western Point, Victoria, Crowley Bequest.
19th November (A. J. N.)
4. South Australia. Gould Coll.
3. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
4. South Australia. Gould Coll.
3. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
3. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
3. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
Myzantha obscura, Gould.
Myzantha obscura, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 576 (1865) ; North,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 230 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 89
(1906).
Manorhina obscura, Gadow, Cat. Birds £. M. ix. p. 260 (1884) j Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899).
Myzantha (Manorhina) obscura, Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 421, pi. 14 (1901).
The eggs of the Sombre Honey-eater are of a rather broad oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are of a rich salmon-pink colour,
blotched and clouded with pale purplish-red and grey. They measure
from -92 to 1-06 in length, and from -74 to -78 in breadth.
MYZANTHA. 53
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
"2. West Australia (A. J. Campbell). Crowley Bequest.
3. West Australia. T. Carter, E^q. [C.].
2. AVest Australia (J. Gould: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
2. West Australia (/. G. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll}.
Myzantha flavigula, Gould.
(Plate III. figs. 6-8.)
Myzantha flavigula, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 578 (18G5) ;
Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 422 (1901); Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 89 (1906).
Manorhina flavigula, Gadoiv, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 261 (1884) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 82 (1899).
The eggs of the Yellow-throated Miner are of a more or less
pointed oval form and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour varies
from pale pinkish- or buffy-white to pale brick-colour, and the
markings, which consist of numerous spots and small blotches of
purplish-brown, reddish-brown, and lavender, vary considerably in
both tint and number in different examples. In all, they are most
numerous round the larger end, but in some examples they are
thickly scattered over the whole surface of the shell. They measure
from ri to 1'15 in length, and from *71 to '75 in breadth.
3. Dawson River, Queensland, 25th Crowley Bequest.
September (North Coll.).
2. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay}. Crowley Bequest.
2. New South Wales (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
3. New South Wales, November. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esj.
PP-1-
3. Liverpool, N.S.W., 14th October Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North}.
Myzantha lutea, Gould.
(PJate III. figs. 13 & 16.)
Myzantha lutea, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 577 (1865) ; Hall,
Viet. Nat. xviii, p. 32 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 89 (1906).
Manorhina lutea, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 262 (1884).
Two eggs in the Collection referred by Gould to the Luteous
Honey-eater or Yellow Miner (see fig. 13) are of a narrow oval shape
and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is of a rich salmon-pink
colour, rather profusely mottled and streaked with reddish-brown
and lilac-grey, the markings being very evenly distributed over the
entire surface of the shell. They measure respectively : 1-10 by '7 ;
Ml by -71.
The two eggs collected by Mr. T. Carter present a very different
54 MELIPHAGID^l.
type (see fig. 16), being of a short blunt oval form and somewhat
glossy. The ground-colour is of a light brick- colour, and the
markings of light red and lilac are mostly confined to the large end.
Both eggs measure *95 by !7.
2. North Australia, 1 9th & 20th July. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
2. Port Essington, North Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus ACANTHOCHJERA, Vig. <3f Horsf.
Acanthochsera carunculata (Lath.).
Anthochsera carunculata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 538.
Acanthochsera carunculata, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 263 (1884) ;
North, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 215, pi. xii. n<r. 5 (1889) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiermmml. p. 83 (1899) j Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 423. pi. 14 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 89
(1906).
The eggs of the Bed-wattled Honey-eater are of a regular oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are of a pale salmon-pink colour,
spotted and blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with chestnut or deep
purplish-red and underlying lavender. The markings often form a
zone or small irregular cap at the broad end. Specimens measure
from 1*15 to 1/3 in length, and from '83 to '92 in breadth.
3. Australia. W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
1. West Australia. Gould Coll.
1. Swan River, W. Australia, Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(Tristram Coll.}.
1. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
4. Nairn, near Adelaide. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.].
2. Nairn, 21st Dec. E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.'j.
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., K.C.
[P.].
2. Werribee, Victoria, 20th Nov. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(G.French}. [P.].
2. Frankstone, Victoria, 3rd Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
3. Hastings, West Point, Victoria, Crowley Bequest.
5th Oct. (A. J:N.}.
1. Tass River, New South Wales Cowley Bequest.
(E. P. Ramsay : Tristram Coll.).
2. Queensland. T. Carter, Esq. [C."
1. Queensland. T. Carter, Esq. [C"
1. Queensland. T. Carter, Esq. [C.
ACANTHOCH^RA. — ACANTHOGENYS. 55
Acanthochaera inauris (Gould).
(Plate III. fig. 14.)
Anthochaera inauris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 536 (1865).
Acanthochsera inauris, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 263 (1884) ; North,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 214 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 83 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 425
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 89 (1900).
The eggs of the Yellow-wattled Honey-eater do not appear to be
separable from those of A. carunculata. They measure from 1*22
to 1*4 in length, and from '89 to '95 in breadth.
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
3. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
2. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Genus ANELLOBIA, Cab.
Anellobia chrysoptera (Lath.).
Meliphaga rnellivora. Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. xvi. fig. 11
(1845-54).
Anellobia mellivora, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 541 (1865) ; North,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 216, pi. xii. fig. 6 (1889).
Acanthochsera mellivora, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 264 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 83 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 425 (1901).
Anellobia chrysoptera, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 90 (1906).
The eggs of the Brush Wattle-bird are smaller than those of
A. carunculata, but otherwise resemble them. They measure from
1-05 to 1-17 in length, and from '74 to -77 in breadth.
1. Australia. Crowley Bequest.
1. Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
1. South Australia (G. F. Angas). Gould Coll.
2. Flanders, Western Pt., Victoria, Crowley Bequest.
llth November (A. J. North}.
1. Dobroyd, N. S. Wales, October Crowley Bequest.
(E" P. Ramsay : Tristram Coll.).
2. Tasmania. Crowley Bequest.
Genus ACANTHOGENYS, Gould.
Acanthogenys rufigularis, Gould.
Acanthogenys rufogularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 534 (1865) ;
North, Nests | Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 213, pi. xii. fig. 10 (1889) ;
Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 427, pi. 15 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 90 (1906).
Acanthocheera rufigularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 265 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 83 (1899).
56 MELIPHAGID^l.
Two eggs of the Spiny-cheeked Honey-eater are of a rather long
pointed oval shape and are very slightly glossed. The ground-colour
is whitish-buff, most intense towards the larger end, and the markings,
which are mostly confined to the larger end, consist of a limited
number of spots and small blotches of dark brown and lilac-grey.
They measure respectively 1*1 by '67 and 1-05 by -7.
2. Wimmera District, Victoria, llth Crowley Bequest.
October (A. J. North).
Genus ENTOMTZA, Swains.
Entomyza cyanotis (Lath.).
Entomyza cyanotis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 560 (1865) ; Gadow,
Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 268 (1884) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, p. 223, pi. xii. tig. 1 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 83
(1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 429, pi. 15 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 92 (1906).
Eggs of the Blue-faced Honey-eater do not differ from those of
Acanihochcera carunculata and A. inauris except in size and shape,
being of a rather longer and more pointed oval. They measure
from 1*2 to 1'27 in length, and from '77 to *85 in breadth.
2. Dawson River, Queensland, 13th Crowley Bequest.
August (North Coll.).
1. Dobroyd, New South Wales Crowley Bequest.
(E. P. Ramsay: Tristram Coll.):
2. Nr. Tass River, N.S.W. (E. P. R. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. Murray River, Victoria, 13th Crowley Bequest.
October (A. J. North).
Genus TKOPIDORHYNCHUS, Vig. $ Horsf.
Tropidorhynchus subtuberosns, S. Hull.
(Plate III. figs. 10 & 11.)
Philemon novse guineas subtuberosus, Hartert, Nov. Zool. iii. p. 238
(1896).
Tropidorhynchus subtuberosus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 92 (1906).
Two eggs of the Fergusson-Island Wattled Honey-eater are of a
rather broad and somewhat pointed oval form, and are almost devoid
of gloss. One has the ground-colour pinkish-white finely speckled
all over with purplish-red and lilac-grey, and with large blotches of
the same colour distributed over the greater part of the shell, but
most numerous towards the larger end. The second egg has the
ground-colour pale brick-red, and is much more sparingly and less
strongly marked with small spots and rather large blotches of light
red and lavender-grey. The eggs measure respectively 1-3 by -96
and 1-33 by -91.
2. Fergusson Island, 5th December Crowley Bequest.
(A. S. Meek).
TROriDORHYNCHUS. 57
Tropidorhynchus argenticeps, Gould.
(Plate III. fig. 15.)
Tropidorhynchus argenticeps, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 548
(1865) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 93 (1906).
Philemon argenticeps, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 272 (1884);
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 434, ii. App. p. 1080
(1901).
Two eggs of the Silvery-crowned Friar-bird are of a somewhat
pointed oval form and very slightly glossy. The ground-colour is
pale pinkish-white, rather sparingly marked all over with faint spots
and small blotches of pale red and lilac-grey. In one example the
markings are much stronger and form an indistinct zone round the
larger end ; in the other they are nearly obsolete. The two eggs
measure respectively 1*17 by '8 and 1-21 by *83.
2. Queensland, 29th October. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
Tropidorhynchus buceroides (Sivains.).
Tropidorhynchus buceroides, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 547
(1865) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 93 (1906).
Philemon buceroides, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 272 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 83 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 434, pi. 15 (1901).
An egg believed to be that of the Helmeted Friar-bird is of a
rather broad and somewhat pointed oval shape and distinctly glossy.
The ground-colour is pale pinkish-brick-colour, spotted and blotched
all over the shell with bright light-red and dull purplish-grey. It
measures 1*3 by '91.
This egg closely resembles the figure given by Campbell, op. cit.
1. N. Australia. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Tropidorhynchus corniculatus (Lath.).
Meliphaga corniculata, Thien. Fortgflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xvi. fig. 13
(1845-54).
Tropidorhynchus corniculatus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 545
(1865) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 217 (1889) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l. v. p. 93 (1906).
Philemon corniculatus, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 271 (1884) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 83 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 432, pi. 15 (1901).
Some of the eggs of the Friar-bird resemble those of Acanthochcera
carunculata and are very distinctly marked. Others are spotted and
mottled with very pale rufous and grey. They measure from 1-18
to 1-4 in length, and from *87 to *95 in breadth.
2. Queensland. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
3. Dawson River, Queensland, Crowley Bequest.
5th Nov. (North Coll.).
1. New South Wales ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
58 MELIPHAGIDJS.
1. New South Wales (E. P. Ramsay}. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
1. Dobroyd, N.S.W., May Crowley Bequest.
(J. Ramsay : Tristram Coll.).
2. Nr. Tass River, N.S.W. («/". ^. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll}.
2. Broadwood, N.S.W., 16th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
3. South Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus PHILEMON, Vieill.
Philemon citreigularis (Gould).
Tropidorhynchus citreogularis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 549
(1865).
Philemon citreogularis, Gadow, Cat. Birds B. M. ix. p. 277 (1884) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 219 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 83 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 435, pi. 15 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 94 (1906).
Eggs of the Yellow- throated Friar-bird vary from a pointed to a
blunt oval shape and have some gloss. They are cream-colour :
one type is very distinctly and finely spotted with reddish-brown
or purplish-red and purplish-grey. The markings are everywhere
dense, but more so at the broad end than elsewhere. The other type
is very different, having the whole surface of the shell blotched,
clouded, and longitudinally streaked with light red and purplish-
grey, and are indistinguishable from certain blotched eggs of
Myzantha garrula. They measure from '95 to 1*02 in length, and
from '7 to -78 in breadth.
2. Queensland. Gould Coll.
3. Queensland. Gould Coll.
1. Victoria. Crowley Bequest.
1. Lower Murray River, Victoria, Crowley Bequest.
15th Sept. (A. J. North).
Philemon cockerelli, Scl.
(Plate III. fig. 12.)
Philemon cockerelli, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 104 ; Gadow, Cat. Birds
B. M. ix. p. 278 (1884) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 83 (1899) j
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 94 (1906).
Eggs of Cockerell's Eriar-bird are of a long, somewhat pointed oval
form, and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is pinkish-white or
pale pinkish-brick-colour, finely spotted and blotched all over with
light red and violet-grey. In one example the blotches form a
heavy cap of purplish-red round the larger end. They much resemble
eggs of Tropidorhynchus subtuberosus, but are longer in shape. They
measure respectively 1-35 by -92, 1-4 by -9, 1-45 by '9, and 1-48
by -96.
2. New Britain. Crowley Bequest.
2. New Britain. Crowley Bequest.
MNIOTILTID.E.
59
Family MNIOTILTID^E.
Genus MNIOTILTA, Vieill.
Mniotilta varia (Linn.).
Mniotilta varia, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 45 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer 8f
Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 180 (1874) ; Salv. 8f Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 110 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x.
p. 251 (1885); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899); Sharpe,
Hand-L v. p. 96 (1906).
The eggs of the Black-and-White Creeping Warbler are of a
regular oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are white,
delicately speckled with lilac-red and lavender. In the specimens
in the Collection the markings are very profuse round the broad
end, where they form a well-defined zone. They measure from
•65 to *73 in length, and from -51 to *54 in breadth.
4. Concord, Massachusetts (HensTiaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll}.
2. Pennsylvania, 1st June. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PJ
Genus HELMINTHOTHERUS, Rajlnesque.
Helminthotherus vermivorus (Gmel.).
(Plate III. fig. 1.)
Helmitherus vermivorus, Baird. Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 187 (1874).
Helminthotherus vermivorus, Salvin fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves>
i. p. 112 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B.M. x. p. 230 (1885) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 87 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 97 (1906).
A single egg of the Worm-eating Warbler in the Collection is of
a wide oval form, slightly pointed towards one end, and somewhat
glossy. The ground-colour is white very finely dotted with reddish-
brown and lilac, the markings being most numerous round the
larger end, where they form an irregular zone. It measures *63
by -5.
1. Pennsylvania, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
60 MNIOTILTID^l.
Genus PROTONOTARIA, Baird.
Protonotaria citrea (Bodd.).
(Plate III. fig. 3.)
Protonotaria citrea, Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 47 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer
8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 184 (1874) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. Ill (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x.
p. 249 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 97 (1906).
The eggs of the Golden Swamp-Warbler are spheroidal in shape
and moderately glossy. They are pinkish-white, more or less
profusely mottled and blotched with reddish-brown, pale purple,
and lilac. They measure from '63 to *7 in length, and from '52 to
•56 in breadth.
5. Mount Carmel, Illinois (R. Ridg- Salvin-Godman Coll.
way: Henshaw Coll.}.
1. Mount Carmel (R. R. : Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.}.
1. Burlington, Iowa, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus VERMIVORA, Swain*.
Vermivora pirnis (Linn.).
Helnainthophaga pinus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridqw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 195 (1874) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 117
Helminthophila pinus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 237 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899).
Vermivora pinus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 98 (1 906).
Two eggs of the Blue-winged Warbler are of a more or less
broad oval shape, slightly pointed at one end, and somewhat glossy.
The ground-colour is white, and the purplish-red and lilac markings
are mostly confined to the larger end, forming, in one example, an
irregular cap. They measure respectively *58 by *49 and "62
by -46.
2. Connecticut, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Vermivora celata
(Plate III. fig. 2.)
Helminthophaga celata, var. celata, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, i. p. 202 (1874).
Helminthophaga celata, Coues, Birds Color. Valley, p. 226 (1878) ; Salv. b
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 116 (1880).
VERMIVORA. — PARULA. 61
Helminthophila celata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 244 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 88 (1899).
Vermivora celata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 98 (1900).
The eggs of the Orange-crowned Warbler are of a broad oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are white, somewhat densely
speckled and spotted with reddish -brown, lilac, and lavender,
especially at the broad end. Three specimens measure respectively :
•68 by -51 ; -63 by -5 ; -66 by -51.
2. Oregon. Crowley Bequest.
1. Vancouver Island. Crowley Bequest.
Vermivora mbricapilla ( Wils.).
Ilelminthophaga ruficapilla, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 196 (1874) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 115
(1880).
Helminthophila ruficapilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 242 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899).
Vermivora rubricapilla, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 99 (1906).
Two eggs of the Nashville Warbler are of a pointed oval form
and but very slightly glossy. One specimen is white, profusely
speckled, especially at the broad end, with reddish-brown and lilac.
The other is also white, but is marked, almost entirely at the broad
end, in the shape of a broad irregular wreath, with spots and small
blotches of rich purplish-brown and lavender. They measure
respectively : -62 by -47 ; '65 by -48.
2. Belmont, Massachusetts (Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.}.
Genus PARULA, Bonap.
Parula amsricana (Linn.).
(Plate III. figs. 4 & 5.)
Parula americana, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 208
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 47 (1874) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 119 (1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x.
p. 256 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899) : Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 100 (1906).
Eggs of the Parula Warbler are of a pointed oval shape, with
little or no gloss. They are white, finely speckled and blotched,
chiefly at the broad end, with pale red, lilac, and lavender ; and
there are also a few markings of deep reddish-brown scattered
about the shell. They measure from -66 to '69 in length, and
from -48 to -5 in breadth.
4. Buffalo, New York, 27th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
MNIOTILTID^.
1. Plymouth, Massachusetts, 30th
May.
3. Saybrook, Connecticut, 18th June
(J. N. Clarke}.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]. .
Crowley Bequest.
Genus DENDRCECA, Gray.
Dendrceca sestiva (Gmel.).
Svlvia sestiva, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xx. figs. 12 A, 12 B
(1845-54).
Dendrceca sestiva, Ross, Canad. Nat. vii. p. 145 (1862) ; id., Nat. Hist.
Review, 1862, p. 280 ; Salv. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 124
(1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 273 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 102 (1906).
Dendroica eestiva, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 222
(1874).
Eggs of the Yellow Warbler, or Summer Yellow-bird, are of a
pointed oval shape and moderately glossy. They are greenish-
white, spotted and blotched with two or more shades of brown and
light purple or slaty-grey. The markings are sparse on the smaller
half of the egg, but dense on the larger, where they often form a
cap or a broad irregular zone. On two specimens in the Collection
they are confined to a broad belt round the middle of the egg.
Examples measure from '62 to '71 in length, and from '48 to '52
in breadth.
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
9. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
2. North America.
4. North America (Audubon : Tris-
tram Coll.).
4. British Columbia (/. K. Lord).
3. British Columbia.
2. Fort Simpson, Canada.
1 . Fort Simpson.
4. Fort Simpson.
4. Fort Simpson.
3. Gt. Slave Lake (Smiths. Inst.).
4. York Factory, Hudson's Bay.
5. Fort Dufferin, Manitoba (G. M.
Dawson).
2. Andover, Massachusetts (T. M.
Brewer: Tristram Coll.).
5. Old Saybrook, Middlesex, Con-
necticut, 1st June (J. N.Mark).
4. New York (D. G. Elliot).
3. Ithaca, New York ( C. J. Pennock).
3. Chester Co., Pennsylvania ( C. J.
P.).
5. Princeton, N.J., 27th May ( W. E.
D. Scott).
4. Morago Valley, California, 19th
May (T. Liliencrantz).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
J.K. Lord, Esq.
B. R. Ross, Esq.
B. R. Ross, Esq.
B. R. Ross, Esq.
B. R. Ross, Esq.
Salvin-Godman C
Admiral A. H. M
N. Amer. Bound.
P 1
P.].
?J
oil.
irkham [P.],
Comm.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Crowley Bequest.
Princeton University, N. J.[E.J.
Princeton University, N . J.[E. J.
Princeton University, N. J.[E.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
PENDKCECA.
63
Dendrceca bartholemica, Sundev.
(Plate III. figs. 17 & 18.)
Dendrceca aestiva, apud A. fy E. Newton, Ibis, 1859, p. 143, pi. xii.
tig. 1.
Dendrceca ruficapilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 275 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 88 (1899).
Dendroeca bartholemica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 103 (1906).
The eggs of the St. Croix Yellow Warbler are of the same
general character as those of D. cestiva, but differ in the colour of
the markings, which are either of a deep chocolate-brown and
purplish-grey, or of a pale lilac-red and lavender. They measure
from *7 to "74 in length, and from *53 to '54 in breadth.
3. St. Croix, West Indies (A. $ E. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Newton).
2. St. Croix (A. $ E. N.). Crowley Bequest.
Dendroeca maculosa (Gmel.).
(Plate III. fig. 20.)
Dendroica maculosa, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 232
(1874).
Dendrceca maculosa, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 129
(1881); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 309 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 105 (1906).
Four eggs of the Magnolia Warbler are of a blunt oval form,
slightly pointed towards one end and devoid of gloss. The ground-
colour is white in all four specimens : in one the markings, which
are almost entirely confined to the larger end, are much bolder and
consist of blotches of rich chocolate-brown and lavender ; in the
other three the markings of light purplish-red and lavender are
mostly much smaller, and, though most numerous round the larger
end, are scattered over the whole shell. They measure from '59 to
•61 in length, and from -47 to *48 in breadth.
1. North America (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Michigan, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Dendrceca cserulescens (Gmel.}.
Dendroica cserulescens, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 254
(1874).
Dendroeca ca3rulescens, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 126
(1880) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 329 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 105 (1906).
The eggs of the Black-throated Blue Warbler are of an ordinary
oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are cream-colour,
64 MNIOTILTIDJE.
spotted and blotched, chiefly at the larger end, with rusty-brown
and lavender. Three examples measure respectively : *7 by *5 ;
•71 by 51 ; '71 by -5.
3. North America (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Dendrceca coronata (Linn.).
Sylvia coronata, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 2 (1845-54).
Dendroica coronata, Ross, Canad. Nat. vii. p. 145 (1862) ; id., Nat. Hist.
Review, 1862, p. 279 ; Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 227 (1874).
Dendrceca coronata, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 57 (1874) ; Salv.fy Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 127 (1880); Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. x.
p. 311 (1885); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 89 (1890); Sharnc,
Hand-l. v. p. 106 (1906).
An egg of the Yellow-rump, or Myrtle Warbler in the Collection
is in fragments, but appears to be white, speckled and spotted, chiefly
at the broad end, with reddish-brown and lavender. According to
Dr. Coues, the eggs of this species measure about '72 by '54.
A specimen recently acquired with the Crowley Bequest measures
*76 by *57. It is dull white, spotted and blotched, chiefly in the
form of a zone round the broad end, with pale chestnut and
lavender.
1. Fort Simpson, Mackenzie River B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.],
District.
1. Nova Scotia, 2nd July (T. M. Crowley Bequest.
Brewer: Tristram Coll.).
Dendrceca chrysoparia, Scl. fy Salv.
Dendroica chrysopareia, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 260 (1874).
Dendrceca chrysoparia, Brewster, Butt. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv. p. 77 (1879) ;
Salv. $ Godm. Biol.Centr.-Amer., Aves, i.p. 139 (1881) ; Sharpe,Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 295 (1885) ; id. Hand-l v. p. 107 (1906).
Three eggs of the Golden-cheeked Warbler are of a somewhat
pointed oval form and nearly devoid of gloss. They are white,
profusely speckled and spotted, especially at the broad end, with
lilac-red and lavender. They measure respectively : -7 by -5 ; -69
by -51 ; -68 by -51.
3. 70 miles N.W. of San Antonio, Texas, Salvin-Godman Coll.
15th April (H. P. Attwater).
Dendrceca pennsylvanica (Linn.).
(Plate III. fig. 21.)
Dendroica pennsylvanica, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, \.
p. 245 (1874).
DENDRCECA. 65
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 108 (190G).
Eggs of the Chestnut-sided Warbler are of a pointed oval shape
and very slightly glossy. They are white, marked, almost entirely
at the broad end, with spots and small blotches of light reddish and
various shades of brown, mixed with lavender or purplish-grey.
The markings generally form a wreath or zone round the broader
end of the egg, and are frequently heavy and confluent. Examples
measure from -6 to '7 in length, and from -48 to '52 in breadth.
28. North America (Henskaw Coll.). Salvin-Qoduiau Coll.
2. North America (G. Welch : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smiths. List.}.
2. North America (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
4. Old Saybrook, Middlesex, Con- W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
necticut, 31st May (J. N. Clark}. [P.].
1. Nantucket Island. 28th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Dendrceca striata (Forst.).
(Plate III. fig. 19.)
Dendroica striata, Ross, Canad. Nat. vii. p. 145 (1862) ; id., Nat. Hist.
Rev. 1862, p. 279; Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 248 (1874).
Dendrceca striata, Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 60 (1874); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 325 (1885) ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 109 (1906).
The eggs of the Black-poll Warbler are of a pointed oval shape
and slightly glossy. They are white, speckled and blotched, chiefly
in a zone or cap about the larger end of the egg, with reddish-brown,
lilac-red and lavender, and occasionally marked here and there
with a few deep brown specks and blotches. They measure from *7
to '8 in length, and from -52 to '55 in breadth.
2. Yukon, mouth of the Porcupine Salvin-Godman Coll.
River, Alaska, 9th June (/.
Lockhart : Smiths. Inst.}.
5. Mackenzie River District. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
2. Fort Rae, Gt. Slave Lake, 3rd Salvin- Godman Coll.
June (L. Clarke: Henshaw
Coll.}.
2. Rupert's Land, Hudson's Bay Crowley Bequest.
(Tristram Coll.).
Dendrceca vigors! (Audub.}.
Dendroica pinus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 2G8
(1874).
Dendrceca pinus, Cuucs, Birds N.-West, p. 69 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. x. p. 323 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat, Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899).
Dendrceca vigorsi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 109 (1906)
VOL. v. P
MNIOTILTlDJS.
An egg of the Pine-Warbler resembles many of the eggs of D. cestiva.
It measures -7 by '5.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Crowley Bequest.
Dendroeca discolor, Vieitt.
Dendroica discolor, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 270
(1874).
Dendroeca discolor, Cones, Birds N.-West, p. 63 (1874); Salv. fy Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 142 (1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 307 (1885) ; Coues, Auk, 1888, p. 405 ; Nehrk. Kai. EiersammL
p. 89 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 110 (1906).
The eggs of the Prairie-Warbler vary from a narrow to a broad
oval form and are slightly glossy. They are white, speckled, spotted
and sometimes blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with reddish-
brown, purplish-brown, and lavender or lilac. They measure from
•62 to -67 in length, and from -46 to '51 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Old Saybrook, Middlesex, Con- W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
necticut, 5th July (/. N. [P.]
Clark).
Genus OPORORNIS, Baird.
*
Oporornis formosa ( Wils.).
(Plate IV. fig. 1.)
Oporornis formosus, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 73 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer
$ Eidgw. N. Amer. Birds, \. p. 293 (1874).
Oporornis formosa, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 148
(1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 348 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. Ill (1906).
The eggs of the Kentucky Warbler are of a pointed, broad oval
form and moderately glossy. They are white, speckled and spotted,
rather densely at the broad end, with reddish-brown and lavender.
A few larger markings, of the nature of blotches, are scattered over
the shell, here and there. Specimens measure from '7 to '8 in
length, and from *6 to *62 in breadth.
2. North America. Crowley Bequest.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Washington, D.C., 15lh June (Hen- Salvin-Godman Coll.
shaw Coll.).
1. Chester Co.. Pennsylvania. Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
2. Green Co., Pennsylvania, 28th May W . Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(J. W. Jacobs). [P.].
SIURUS.
67
Genus SIURUS, Stvains.
Siurus auricapillus (Linn.}.
(Plate IV. fig. 2.)
Seiurus aurocapillus, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 70 (1874) ; Baird, Brewer
8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 280 (1874).
Siurus auricapillus, Salv. fy Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 144
(1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 339 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 112 (1906).
The eggs of the Golden-crowned Water-Thrush are of a very broad
and blunt oval shape and but very slightly glossy. They are white,
spotted and blotched, more densely at the broad end where the
markings are more or less confluent and form a cap, with pale rufous,
reddish-brown, lilac-red and purplish-grey, all these colours being
usually combined on one egg. They measure from *78 to '85 in
length, and from -6 to -65 in breadth.
6. North America (Henshaiv Coll.).
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
3. North America.
2. North America (T. M. Brewer;
Tristram Coll.).
1. Chester Co., Pennsylvania (C. J.
Pennock).
3. Hyde Park, Massachusetts, 29th
May.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[p.].
Siurus motacilla ( VieilL).
Seiurus ludovicianus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i, p. 287
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 72 (1874).
Siurus motacilla, Coues, Birds Color. Valley, p. 299 (1878) ; Salv. 8f Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p.147 (1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 342 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 112 (1906).
Two eggs of the Louisiana Water-Thrush are inseparable from
many of the eggs of S. auricapillus. They measure *8 by *63.
1. North America (Nehrkorn Coll.).
1. Kaleigh, North Carolina, 14th May.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Siurus noveboracensis (Gmel.).
Seiurus noveboracensis, Ross, Canad. Nat. vii. p. 145 (1862) ; id., Nat.
Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 279; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 71 (1874) ; Baird,
Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 283 (1874).
Siurus uoveboracensis, Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 145
(1881) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 112 (1906).
F2
68 MNIOTILTID2E.
Siurus namus, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 343 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 89 (1899).
The eggs of the Water-Thrush do not appear to be separable
from those of S. auricapillus, except by their rather smaller size.
They measure from -75 to -8 in length, and from -59 to -61 in
breadth.
2. Fort Peel's River, Arctic America Salvin-Godinan Coll.
(C. P. Gaudet : Smiths. Inst.).
6. Mackenzie River District. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
3. York Factory, Hudson's Bay. Admiral A. H. Markham [P.].
Genus GEOTHLYPIS, Cab.
Geothlypis trichas (Linn.).
Geothlypis trichas, Lord, Proc. R.A. Inst., Woolwich, iv. p. 338 (1865) ;
Baird, Breiver 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 297 (1874) ; Salv. $
Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 150 (1881) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 351 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 89 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 113 (1906).
The eggs of the Maryland Yellow-throat, or Black-masked
Ground- Warbler, are of a broad oval form and moderately glossy.
They are white, speckled, spotted, blotched, and sometimes marbled,
chiefly at the broad end, with reddish-brown, chestnut, purplish-
brown, and lavender or lilac. They measure from *66 to '75 in
length, and from -52 to '58 in breadth.
10. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
1. North America. Old Collection.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. British Columbia. Dr. Lyall [P.],
4. British Columbia. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.].
5. Chester Co., Pennsylvania, 3rd ' Crowley Bequest.
June (T. H. Jackson).
1. Virginia (Dr. Koldock : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
3. Princeton, N.J., 26th May (with Princeton University, N.J.
1 egg of Molothrus pecoris] . [E.].
3. Hyde Park, Massachusetts, 20th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
Geothlypis occidentalis, Brewst.
Geothlypis occidentalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 351 (1885) ;
Ridgw. Birds of North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 668 (1902) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l. v. p. 114 (1906).
An egg of the Western Yellow-throat closely resembles eggs of
G. trictias, but is rather smaller. It measures -65 by *5.
1. Corpus Christi, Texas, 2nd May. W, Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
GEOTHLYPIS. — ICTERIA.
Geothlypis cucullata (Lath.).
Geothlypis velata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 363 (1885) ; Sd. $
Hud*. Argent. Orn. I p. 20 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 90
(1899) ; van Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 203 (1900).
Geothlypis cucullata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 116 (1906).
Two eggs of the Yelled Wood-singer are of an ordinary oval
shape and exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are white,
spotted and blotched, almost entirely at the broad end where the
markings form a confluent cap, with brownish-pink, deep purplish-
red, and lilac. They measure respectively : '72 by '51 ; '7 by '52.
2. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.
Genus ICTERIA, Vieill.
Icteria viridis (Gmel.).
(Plate IV. fig. 7.)
Icteria virens, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 307 (1874).
Icteria viridis, Salv. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 157 (1881) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 373 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 90 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 117 (1906).
The eggs of the Yellow -breasted Warbler are of a blnnt oval form
and exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are white, spotted and
blotched with reddish-brown and lavender, the markings being
larger and often confluent at the broad end, where they form an
irregular zone or thin cap. Specimens measure from '81 to *91 in
length, and from -6 to '7 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
10. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Neosho Falls, Kansas (B. F. Goss : Crowley Bequest.
Smiths. Inst.).
3. Washington, 15th June (Henshaw Salvin-Godman ColL
Coll.}.
4. New Jersey (D. G. Elliot}. Crowley Bequest.
2. New Jersey, 14th June (with two Princeton University, N.J.
eggs of Molothnis pecoris}. [E-]-
6. New Haven, Connecticut, 10th W. liadcliffe Saunders, Esq,
July. [P.].
1. Virginia (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Icteria longicauda, Lawr.
Icteria virens, var. longicauda, Baird, Breiuer Sf Rid-gw. N. Amer. Birds,
i. p. 309 (1874).
Icteria longicauda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 375 (1885) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 90 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 118 (1906).
Eggs of the Long-tailed Yellow-breasted Warbler do not appear
70 MNIOTILTID^l.
to differ from those of I. biridis. Four examples measure respec-
tively : -8 by -65 ; -82 by -65 ; -83 by -68 ; -89 by -7.
1. North America. W. Kadeliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Oregon. Crowley Bequest.
2, Mazatlan, Mexico. Crowley Bequest.
Genus GRANATELLUS, Bonap.
Granatellus sallaei, Bonap.
Granatellus sallaei, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 161
(1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 371 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 90 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 118 (1906).
The eggs of Salle's Warbler are of a regular oval form and devoid
of gloss. They are white, very delicately speckled with blackish-
brown, chiefly at the broad end, and in general appearance closely
resemble certain species of Vireo. They measure -8 by *6.
1. Valladolid, Yucatan (O. F. Gaumer). Salvin-Godman Coll,
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
Genus WILSONIA, Bonap.
Wilsonia mitrata (Gmel.}.
Sylvia mitrata, Thien. Fortpftanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. 4 (184-5-54).
Myiodioctes mitratus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 314
(1874) ; Salv, $ Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 167 (1881) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 437 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 91 (1899).
Wilsonia mitrata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 118 (1906).
The eggs of the Hooded Warbler are of a pointed oval shape and
slightly glossy. Four are white, sparingly speckled and spotted
with rich purplish-red and lilac; in the fifth, which is a broader and
shorter egg of rather a different type, the markings round the
larger end are bolder and more confluent, taking the form of
blotches. They measure respectively : -77 by -55 ; «73 by -53 ;
•77 by -53 ; -71 by -57.
1. North America. W. Radclift'e Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Old Saybrook, Middlesex, Con- W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
necticut, 30th May (J. N. [P.].
Clark).
3. Mount Carmel, Illinois (_R. Ridg- Salvin-Godman Coll.
way : Henshaw Coll},
WILSONIA. SETOrHAGA.
Wilsonia chryseola, Ridyw.
Wilsonia chryseola, Ridgw. Birds of North 8? Middle Amer. ii. p. 714
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 119 (1906).
An egg of Ridg way's Warbler is of a rather wide, pointed oval shape
and slightly glossy ; it is pure white, finely spotted all over the
shell with light red and lilac, the markings being most numerous
towards the larger end. It measures '6 by '48.
1. California (R. Ridyway : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
ColL}.
Wilsonia canadensis (Linn.).
Sylvia canadensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxii. fig. v (1845-
t64).
Myiodioctes canadensis, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 320 (1874) ; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 80 (1874) ; Salv. $ Godm.
Biol. Cent?:- Amer., Aves, i. p. 166 (1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 432 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 91 (1899).
Wilsonia canadensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 119 (1906).
Four eggs of the Canadian Warbler are of a pointed oval shape
and exhibit little or no gloss. They are of a yellowish-white,
spotted and blotched with brownish-pink, reddish-brown, and
lavender, the markings being confluent at the larger end and
forming a dense cap or zone. They measure respectively : '76 by
-56 ; -7 by -5 ; -7 by -48.
1. North America (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. North America (Anderson: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
Genus SETOPHAGA, Swains.
Setophaga ruticilla (Linn.).
Setophaga mitrata, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxix. fig. 11
(1845-54).
Setophaga ruticilla, Ross, Canad. Nat. vii. p. 145 (1862); id., Nat. Hist.
Rev. 1862, p. 280; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Bird*, i. p. 323
(1874) ; Coues, Birds Colorado Valley, p. 337 (1878) ; Sulo. '$ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 178 (1881); Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. x. p. 411 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 90 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 120 (1906).
The eggs of the American Redstart are mostly of a pointed oval
form and exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are somewhat
similar to the eggs of Dendrceca cestiva, but the ground-colour is
generally white, instead of greenish-white, and the brown markings
have usually a decided rufous tinge. Specimens measure from -6 to
•7 in length, and from *48 to '52 in breadth.
72
3. jNorth America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. North America (Audubon : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Fort Simpson. B. E. Eoss, Esq. [P.].
2. Fort Simpson. B. E. Eoss, Esq. [P.J.
4. Fort Simpson. B. E. Eoss, Esq. [PJ.
1. Grand Menan Islands. Crowley Bequest.
4. Bangor, Maine, 15th June W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(CarlBraun). [P.].
2. Hyde Park, Massachusetts, W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2nd June. [P.].
Genus MYIOBORUS, Baird.
Myioborus verticalis (Lafresn. $ d'Orl.}.
Setophaga verticalis, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 495 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. x. p. 420 (1885).
Myioborus verticalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 120 (1906).
The eggs of the Chestnut-capped Wood-singer are of a narrow
oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are white, speckled
and spotted with reddish-brown and lavender or lilac, the markings
being dense at the broad end, where they assume the form, of a
broad zone. Six examples measure respectively: '67 by '51;
•7 by -5 ; '75 by -5 ; "73 by -51 ; 71 by -5 ; -68 by -5.
2. Sta. Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
2. Sta. Elena (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
Myioborus aurantiacus (Baird).
Setophaga aurantiaca, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 182
(1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 421 (1885).
Myioborus aurantiacus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 121 (1906).
Three eggs of the Orange-bellied Wood-singer are of a regular
oval form, slightly pointed towards one end, and exhibit very little
gloss. They are white, with numerous small spots and blotches of
light red, brownish-red, and lilac, mostly concentrated and more or
less confluent round the large end, forming an irregular cap or zone.
They measure respectively : -7 by -52; -68 by -5; -69 by -49.
1. Cerchi, Costa Eica, 25th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [0.1.
2. Cerchi, 3rd May. Mr. 0. F. Underwood [C.J.
Myioborus torquatus (Baird).
Setophaga torquata, Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer,, Aves, i. p. 183
(1881) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 424 (1885).
Myioborus torquatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 121 (1906).
MYIOBORTTS. — BASILETJTERUS. 73
An egg of the Banded Wood-singer is of a regular oval shape,
slightly pointed towards one end and almost devoid of gloss. It is
white, blotched at the larger end with yellowish-brown and with
reddish-brown and lilac spots, forming together a distinct though
rather irregular cap ; there are also a few small reddish-brown spots
scattered over the rest of the shell. It measures '75 by '55.
1. Ranch o Redondo, Costa .Rica, Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.I.
25th May.
Myioborus chrysops (Salv.}.
Setophaga chrysops, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 495; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 427 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 91
(1899).
Myioborus chrysops, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 121 (1906). .
Eggs of the Golden-faced Wood-singer appear to resemble the
eggs of M. verticalis very closely. Four examples measure
respectively: '78 by -55; -75 by -52; -79 by -52; -8 by '52.
2. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia ( T. K. Salmon}.
2. Frontino (T. K. S.) Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus MYIOTHLYPIS, Cab.
Myiothlypis nigricristatus (Lafresn.).
(Plate IV. figs. 3 & 4.)
Basileuterus nigricristatus, Scl 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 494 ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 380 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 90
(1899).
Myiothlypis nigricristatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 122 (1906).
Two eggs of the Black-capped Wood-singer are of a pointed oval
form and devoid of gloss. They are white, speckled and spotted
all over with reddish-brown and lilac, and one specimen is marked,
in addition, with a large pale rufous blotch about the larger end.
They measure respectively : '87 by '6; '79 by '6.
2. Sta. Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon}.
Genus BASILEUTERUS, Cab.
Basileuterus coronatus (Tscliudi).
Basileuterus coronatus. Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 494 ; Sharpe, Cat'
Birds B. M. x. p. 390 (1885) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 124 (1906).
Two eggs of the Crowned Wood-singer are very similar to those
of B. nigricristatus, but the markings are coarser and more dense.
74 MOTACILLID^E.
and neither of them exhibits any large blotch. They measure
respectively : '78 by *6 ; '85 by '58.
2. Sta. Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Basileuterus leucopygius, Scl. & Salv.
Basileuterus leucopvgius, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 172
(1881) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 402 (1885) ; id., Hand-l. v.
p. 127 (1906).
Two eggs of the White-rumped Wood-singer are of a regular oval
form and slightly glossy. They are white, speckled and spotted,
chiefly round the larger end, with reddish-brown and violet-grey.
They measure respectively '8 by *56 and '83 by *58.
2. Carrillo, Costa Rica, 7th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Family MOTACILLID^E.
Genus MOTACILLA, Linn.
Motacilla lugubris, Temm.
Motacilla yarrellii, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxv. tig. 2, a-c
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 163, pi. xli. figs, i
& ii (1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 194, pi. 14 (1884) ; id.,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 259, pi. 58. figs. 17 & 18 (1896).
Motacilla lugubris, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 239 (1875 ) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 460 (1885) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 197 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 137 (1906).
Motacilla alba lugubris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 301 (1905).
The eggs of the Pied Wagtail are mostly of a broad oval form,
and they are moderately glossy. They are white, greyish-white, or
very pale bluish-white, densely speckled or mottled with greyish-
brown and underlying lavender-grey. Some specimens are some-
what darker than others, but, as a rule, the eggs of this Wagtail are
very uniform. A few examples exhibit one or two short black
hair-lines at the broad end. The eggs measure from '73 to *87 in
length, and from -57 to '63 in breadth.
5. Lochend, Inverness, May (Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.}.
5. England. Old Coll.
5. Stanwix, Carlisle, Cumberland, W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
June. [P.].
6. Stanwix, Carlisle. 6th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Stanwix, Carlisle, 26th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
MOTAC1LLA.
75
4. Dalston, Cumberland, 27th May
(Hey sham : Tristram Coll.).
3. Hen Moss, Cumberland (Hcy-
sham : Tristram Coll.}.
6. Near Scarborough, May.
5. Cambridgeshire.
5. Cambridgeshire.
4. Waterbeach, Cambridgeshire, 14th
May.
2. Sparham, Norfolk, 4th June (F.
Nor gate) .
6. Wortham Common, Suffolk, 22nd
May (J. G. Tuck).
5. Chesterton, Oxfordshire, 16th
May.
5. Finchley, Middlesex.
1. Churt, Surrey.
5. Alton, Hants.
2. Avingtou, Hants.
6. East Fleet, Weymouth, Dorset,
5th June.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Aldbury, Tring, Herts, 15th May
(W-XL8.).
5. Reigate, Surrey, llth June.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Guculus canorus).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[?•]•
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Shipton, Oxfordshire, 4th June
(R. W. Calvertt).
2. Nr. Monmouth, 13th May (W.
R. &).
3. Nr. Monmouth, 20th May (W.
R. S.}.
Motacilla alba, Linn.
(Plate IV. fig. 16.)
Motacilla alba, Thien. Foripf.anz.ges. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. l,«-c (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 12 (1855-63) ; Hewitson, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, i. p. 165, pi. xli. figs, iii & iv (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. iii. p. 233 (1875) ; Seebohm $ Harvie- Brown, Ibis, 1876,
p. 125 j Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 343 ; id., Brit. Birds, ii. p. 199, pi. 14
(1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 464 (1885) ; Seebohm, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 260, pi. 58. figs. 19 & 20 (1896) ; Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 200 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 137 (1906).
Motacilla alba alba, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 302 (1905).
The majority of the eggs of the White Wagtail very closely
resemble those of the Pied Wagtail, but the ground-colour is more
generally of a decided bluish tinge. Some specimens, however,
differ in having the markings coarser and of an olive-brown colour.
A single specimen in the Collection (fig. 16) is almost unmarked
except at the broad end, where there is a dense sooty-black cap,
76
MOTACILLIDJ2.
5. Iceland (Proct or : Tristram Coll.}.
5. North Iceland, 28th May.
6.
Lancashire,
shading off into dark smoky brown. Examples measure from
•71 to -85 in length, and from -57 to -64 in breadth.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Mr. B. Hanson [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.]. .
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Grauge-over-Sands,
20th May.
3. Holland.
1. Holland.
4. Holland.
5. Holland, 26th May.
2. "Valkenswaard, Holland, June.
6. Valkenswaard, 21st May.
6. Valkenswaard, 21st May.
4. Valkenswaard, 28th May.
4. Valkenswaard, 28th May.
6. Valkenswaard, 29th May.
4. Christiansund, Norway, May.
6. Copenhagen, 1st July \Ferslev).
4. Pomerania, 9th J une ( T. Holland) .
Pomerania, 25th June (T. H.}.
5. Spandau, Brandenburg, llth May.
5. Spandau, 20th May.
5. Saxony.
4. Jura Alps, 24th May (T. H.).
4. Szigetcsep, Hungary, llth June.
6. Szigetcsep, Hungary, 24th May.
5. Dicsoszentmarton, Transylvania,
6th May.
5. Parnassus, Greece, 24th May (T.
Kruper}.
3. Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 19th
June (H. Seebohm $ J. H.
Harvie- Brown.} .
4. Yenesei River, Lat. 70^° N., 3rd
July (H. Seebohm}.
Seebohm Coll.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P-].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Brandenburg, 27th May.
2. Moravia, 28th May.
3. Moravia, 30th May.
4. Neudorf, Moravia, 4th May.
4. Neudorf, 16th June.
4. Oslawan, Moravia, 20th June.
3. Oslawan, 20th June.
MOTACILLA.. 77
4. Padochau, Moravia, 27th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Padochau, 3rd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Motacilla ocularis, Swinli.
(Plate IV. figs. 5 & G.)
Motacilla ocularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 471 (1885) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamjnl. p. 91 (1899) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 289 (1890); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 138 (1906).
Motacilla alba ocularis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 307 (1905).
Pour eggs of the Streak-eyed Wagtail are similar to those of
M. alba. They measure from, '8 to -81 in length, and from
•6 to -62 in breadth.
4. Lake Baikal (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Motacilla lugens, Kittl.
Motacilla lugens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 474 (1885) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersanind. p. 91 (1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 198 (1902) ; Shurpe, Hand-l. v. p. 138 (1906).
Motacilla alba lugens, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 308 (1905).
Eive eggs of the Japanese Pied Wagtail resemble those of
M. alba. They measure respectively : '81 by '61 ; -8 by *62 ;
•8 by -6 ; -76 by -6 ; 75 by -58.
2. Amur River (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
1. Amur River (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Amur River, 22nd April. Crowley Bequest.
Motacilla personata, Gould.
Motacilla personata, Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 60 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 479 (1885); Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,
ii. p. 290 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 201
(1890) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 367 (1891) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 143 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 91 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 201 (1902) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 139 (1906).
Motacilla alba personata, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 306 (1905).
The eggs of the Masked Wagtail are inseparable from those of
M. alba of the common type. Three examples measure re-
spectively : -89 by -6 ; «88 by -6 ; -88 by '59.
3. Hariat Valley, Afghanistan, 28th Seebohm Coll.
June (R. G. Wardlaw Ramsay}.
5. Kuldja, Mongolia, 18th April. W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
2. Altai Mountains. Crowley Bequest.
4. Kobdo, Altai Mountains, 8th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, ESQ.
[p.].
78 MOTACILLIDJS.
Motacilla leucopsis, Gould.
(Plate IV. figs. 8 & 9.)
Motacilla luzoniensis, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, p. 55 ; 1863, p. 308.
Motacilla leucopsis, Sharps, Cat. Birds II. M. x. p. 482 (1885) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind.. Birds, ii. p. 288 (1890) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber.
Orient, p. 368 (1891); Hart.ert, Nov. Zool. i. p. 672 (1894); La
Touche, Ibis, 1899, p. 412 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 91 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 139 (1906).
Motacilla alba leucopsis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 304 (1905).
Eggs of the White-faced Wagtail resemble those of M. alba, both
types being represented ; that is to say, a finely marked grey-brown
type, and a more densely mottled olive-brown type. They measure
from *66 to '8 in length, and from -52 to *6 in breadth.
1. East Siberia (Nehrkorn Coll.). Growl ey Bequest.
5. Koko-Nor, Tibet (Tancre Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Amoy, China (R. Siuinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
5. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 15th C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
May (J. D. La Touche).
2. Kuatun, 16th May (J. D. La T.). C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
1. Fohkien, 10th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
4. Fohkien, 12th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. P.'
5. Fohkien, 16th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.'
5. Fohkien, 16th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. P."
3. Fohkien, 17th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. ("P.;
Motacilla hodgsoni, Blyih.
Motacilla hodgsoni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 486 (1885) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 291 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 202 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 91
(1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 199 (1902); Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 139 (1906).
Motacilla alba hodgsoni, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 307 (1905).
The three eggs of Hodgson's Pied Wagtail in the Collection are
inseparable from eggs of the common type of M. alba. They
measure respectively : -8 by '6 (2) ; -77 by -62.
2. Kashmir, 22nd May (C. R. Cock Hume Coll. &
# W. E. Brooks). Crowley Bequest.
1. Kashmir, 23rd May (C. R. C. $ Hume Coll.
W. E. B.).
Motacilla vidua, Sundev.
(Plate IY. fig. 10.)
Motacilla vidua, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 488 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 91 (1899) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 268 (1900) ;
Stark, Birds S. Afr. i. p. 255 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 139
(1906)
Three eggs of the African Pied Wagtail are perfectly similar in
MOTACILLA 79
all respects to those of M. luc/ulris of the more densely spotted
type.
1. Africa (Nehrkorn Coll.). Growl ey Bequest.
1. 14-Streams, Vaal River, Nov. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.]
2. Pondoland. Crowley Bequest.
Motacilla maderaspatensis, Gmel.
(Plate IV. figs. 11 & 12.)
Motacilla maderaspatensis, Legqe, Birds Ceylon, p. 607 (1879) ; Sharps,
Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 490 (1885) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,
ii. p. 291 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eugs Ind. Birds, ii.
p. 202 (1890) ; Osmaston, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 66
(1897) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 91 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 199 (1902) ; id., Ibis, 1904, pi. x. figs. 3 & 4 ; Hartert,
Voc/. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 286, note (1905) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 140 (1906).
The eggs of the Large Pied Wagtail are of an oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are greenish-white, pale grey or pale
hrown, marked with pale umber-brown and lavender-grey. Those
eggs which have a white ground appear to be generally marked
with more or less well-defined spots and blotches somewhat
sparingly distributed. Others with a grey or brown ground are,
for the most part, densely streaked and mottled. Between these
two types many intermediate varieties occur. Specimens measure
from -8 to 1*0 in length, and from *59 to •? in breadth.
1. Saharunpur, N.W. Provs., 23rd Hume Coll.
March (G. F. L. Marshall}.
2. Saharunpur, 26th April (G. F. Hume Coll.
L. M.}.
1. Saharunpur, 21st June (G. F. Hume Coll.
L. M.).
1. Etawah, 1 3th March (A. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
2. Etawah, 15th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 19th March (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 16th March (W. E. Crowley Bequest.
Brooks: Tristram Coll.).
3. Mirzapur, 29th March ( W. E. B. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Ahmednuggur, 2nd April (H. J. Hume Coll.
Bruce).
4. Hoshungabad, C. Provs., 12th Hume Coll.
April (IS. C. Nunn).
2. Hoshungabad, 5th May (E. C. N.). Hume Coll.
4. Saugor, C. Provs. Hume Coll.
1. Raipur, C. Provs. (F.R. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
3. Nilghiri Hills, April. Hume Coll.
80 MOTACILLIDJI.
Motacilla capensis, Linn.
(Plate IV. fig. 20.)
Motacilla capensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 3 (1845-54) ;
Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 208 ; Ay res, Ibis, 1869, p. 292 ; Sharpe, ed.
Layard, Birds 8. Africa, p. 547 (1875-84) ; Butler, Feilden $ Reid,
Zool. 1882, p. 337 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 493 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 91 (1899) ; Haagner, Ibis, 1901, p. 15;
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 140 (1906).
Eggs of the Cape Wagtail are of a pointed oval form and
moderately glossy. They are cream-colour or greyish-white,
freckled, especially at the broad end, with pale grey or light
brown. On some eggs the markings are so faint that they are
hardly noticeable. Specimens measure from "76 to '85 in length,
and from -58 to *61 in breadth.
4. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.J.
5. Transvaal, October ( T. Ayres : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll}.
2. 14-Streams, Vaal River, November. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [0.].
2. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].
1. Ladysmith, 18th November. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
3. Blue Krantz, Natal, Nov. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.J.
3. Pondoland. Crowley Bequest.
3. Cape Colony. Gould Coll.
2. Cape Colony ( T. Atmore : Tris- Crowlev Bequest.
tram Coll}.
1. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. Deelfontein, 4th Nov. (E. Set- Col. Sloggett [P.].
mund).
3. Deelfontein, 8th Dec. (E. S.). Col. Sloggett [P.],
3. Kuruman, 17th Dec. R. B. Woosnam & R. E. Dent,
Esqrs. [C.].
Motacilla clara, Sharpe.
(Plate IV. fig. 13.)
Motacilla longicauda, Rupp. (nee Gmel.), Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x.
p. 495 (1885) : Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 274 (1900) ; Stark, Birds
S. Afr. i. p. 257 (1900).
Motacilla clara, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 140 (1906).
Two eggs of the Long-tailed Pied Wagtail are of a pointed oval
form and slightly glossed. The ground-colour is white, densely
freckled with greyish-brown and lavender-grey ; one example has a
few black hair-lines at the larger end. They measure respectively
•79 by -6 and -81 by '59.
2. East Africa. Crowley Bequest.
MOTACILLA. 81
Motacilla flaviventris,
Motacilla flaviventris, Hock fy E. Newt. Ibis, 1802, p. 273 ; E. Newt.
Ibis, 1803, p. 340 ; Milne-Edward* $ Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag.,
Ois. i. p. 342, pi. 303. fig. 6 (1879) ; Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc.
Edinb. vii. p. 148 (1882) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 490 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaniml. p. 92 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 140
(1906).
Eggs of the Madagascar Wagtail vary from a broad to a narrow
oval shape and are very glossy. The eggs in the Collection are of
three types. In. one the ground-colour is pale greyish-green, and
the whole surface of the shell is densely mottled with greyish-
brown and lavender. In another, the eggs are dull white, blotched
and mottled with umber-brown and lavender. In the third type,
the egg is cream-colour, densely mottled with purplish-brown and
lilac-grey. They vary from '71 to *8 in length, and from -57 to
•63 in breadth.
2. Madagascar. Crowley Bequest.
3. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.l
3. Betsileo. Rev. \V. Deans Cowan [P.].
2. Betsileo. Kev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].
Motacilla boarula, Linn.
Motacilla boarula, Tliien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vo'g. tab. xxv. fig. 4, a-c
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 167, pi. xlii. tig. i
(1850); Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 140 (1906).
Pallenura sulphurea, Baedeker, Eier Ear. Voy. tab. 35. fig. 11 (1855-63).
Motacilla sulphurea, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 203, pi. 14 (1884) ; id.,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 261, pi. 58 A. fig. 1 (1896).
Motacilla melanope, Dresser (nee Pall.}, Birds Eur. iii. p. 251 (1875) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 497 (1885) [part.] ; Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 202 (1902) [part.].
Motacilla boarula boarula, Hartert, Yog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 298 (1905).
Eggs of the Grey Wagtail are of a broad pointed oval shape and
very glossy. The commonest type of egg is pale grey or bluish-
white or sometimes cream-colour, mottled all over with light brown
of various shades. Another type, which appears to be much less
common, is white or greyish-white, mottled with umber-brown
and lavender-grey. In this type the markings are most dense on
the broad end, where they form a more or less confluent cap. A
few examples in a large series have one or two black hair-lines at
the broad end of the egg. Specimens measure from *7 to *8 in
length, and from -54 to -6 in breadth.
6. Dunvegan, Isle of Skye, 15th May. J. Steele Elliott, Esq. [P.].
5. West Ross-shire, 7th Mav (W. W. Radcliife Sauuders, Esq.
Stirling}. [P.].
5. Strathpeffer, 1st May. W. RadcliflFe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
6. Kirriemuir. Forfarshire, 18th June W. RadclitFe Saunders, Esq.
(A'. Kennedy}. [P.],
VOL. V. G
82
MOTACILLID^E.
3. Northumberland, 5th May.
4. Durham.
6. Clitheroe, Lancashire ( W. Peterkin) .
3. Ashopton, Derbyshire, 20th April
(H. Seebohm).
2. Ashopton, 17th May (H. S.).
1. Dowles, Worcestershire. May.
4. Taplow, Berkshire.
5. Co. Waterford, Ireland, 10th April
(E. J. Ussher).
5. Co. Waterford, 23rd April (R. J.
U.).
5. Co. Waterford, 24th April (R. J.
5. Co. Waterford, 8th May (R. J. U.) .
4. Vosges Mts., France (Mougel ;
Haryitt Coll.).
6. Giessen, Hesse, 30th May.
5. Parnassus, Greece, 6th May (H.
Seebohm $ T. Kriiper).
4. Parnassus, 13th May ( H. S. $ T. K.\
2. Parnassus, 24th May ( //. S. | T. K. ) .
5. Parnassus, 6th June (H. S. $ T. K.).
5. Parnassus, 16th June (H.8.& T. K).
2. Parnassus (H. S. fy T. K.).
4. Tenerife, 18th March.
1. Tenerife, April (Tristram Coll.}.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
J. Steele Elliott, Esq. f P.I
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
Oslawan, Moravia, 29th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Motacilla melanope, Pall.
Motacilla melanope, SJiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 497 (1885) [part.] ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 293 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 207 (1890) : Osmaston, Journ. Bomb.
Nat. Hist.'Soc. xi. p. 67 (1897) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 141 (1906).
Calobates melanope, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 375 (1891).
Motacilla boarula melanope, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 300 (1905).
Eggs of the Eastern Grey Wagtail appear to be of two types :
the first resembles that of the Common Grey Wagtail, having a
cream-coloured or whitish ground mottled, sometimes very faintly,
with yellowish-brown. A specimen taken in Kashmir represents
a second type, in which the ground-colour is pinkish, mottled
with a darker shade of the same. Taczanowski states (op. cit.}
that some eggs of this species taken in Siberia are tinged with
rose-colour. No such tint is observable in any European egg of
the Western form.
2. Kashmir, 25th May ( W. E. Brooks).
4. Fuji-yama, Hondo, Japan, 20th
May.
Hume Coll.
W. Radclilfe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
MOTACILLA.
83
Motacilla schmitzi, Tschusi.
(Plate IV. fig. 19.)
Motacilla sulphurea, Godman (nee Bechst.}, Ibis, 1866, p. 96 ; id., Nat.
Hitt. Azores, p. 2o (1870).
Motacilla boarula schmitzi, Hartert fy Grant, Nov. Zool. xii. p. 120
(1905) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. iii. p. 301 (1905).
Motacilla schmitzi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 141 (1906).
Eggs of Schmitz's Grey Wagtail resemble pale forms of the
Common Grey Wagtail, having the ground-colour creamy-white,
densely, but more or less faintly, marked with light yellowish-
brown.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.].
Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.].
5. Agua de Pena, Madeira, 1st June
(E. Schmitz).
3. San Miguel, Azores, April (F. D.
Godmati).
1. San Miguel, April (F. D. G.}.
3. Terceira, Azores, May (F. D. G.).
2. (Out of clutch of 4 ^ hard set) Above
Calheta,12001't., St. Jorge, Azores,
9th May ( W. R. Ogilvie- Grant).
4. Below Caldeira, Fayal, Azores, 27th
May ( W. R. O.-G.).
Motacilla citreola, Pall.
Budytes citreola, Tacz. J.f. 0. 1873, p.82,taf. ii. fig. 20; Seebohm $ Harvie-
* Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 123 ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 387
(1891).
Motacilla citreola, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. pp. 245, 249 (1875); Bree,
Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 91, pi. (1875) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 503 (1885); Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 298 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 92(1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 203 (1902) ; Sharpe, Havd-l. v. p. 141 (1906).
Motacilla citreola citreola, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 296 (1905).
The eggs of the Yellow-headed Wagtail are so similar in general
character to those of M. boarula of the commoner type, that they
cannot be separated from them. They measure from '72 to -82 in
length, and from *56 to *6 in breadth. A very small example
measures only '66 by '5, and is one of a clutch of six eggs.
5. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 19th Seebohm Coll.
June (H. Seebohm 8f J. A. Harvie-
Brown).
5. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 19th Seebohm Coll.
June (H. S. $ J. A. H.-B.).
4. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 22nd Seebohm Coll.
June (H. S.$J.A. H.-B.).
6. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 27th Seebchm Coll.
June (H. S. $ J. A. H.-B.).
5. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 23rd Crowley Bequest.
June (H. S. $ J. A. H.-B. : Tris-
tram Coll.).
Amur River, 2nd June.
W7. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
G2
84 3IOTACILLTDJE.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus],
3 Issik Kul, Turkestan, 5th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
Motacilla citreoloides (Gould}.
(Plate IV. fig. 18.)
Motacilla citreoloides, Sharpe, C<tt Birds B. M. x. p. 507 (1885) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd.. Bird*, ii. p. 299 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests #
Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 208 (1890); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 92
(1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 204 (1902); Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 141 (1906).
Motacilla citreola citreoloides, Hartert, Voq. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 298
(1905).
Eggs of Hodgson's Yellow-headed Wagtail are indistinguishable
from those of M. citreola.
4. Kuldja, Mongolia, 14th June. Growl ey Bequest.
5. Kuldja, 25th June. Crowley Bequest.
2. Kuldja (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Motaciila rayi, Bonap.
Motacilla rayi, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 170, pi. xlii. fig. iii
(1856); Sharpe, Hand-l.\. p. 141 (1906).
Motacilla raii, Dresser, Birds Eiir. iii. p. 277 (1875) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, ii. p. 212, pi. 14 (1884) ; id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 262, pi. 58 A.
fig. 3 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 208 (1902) [part.].
Motacilla campestris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 510 (1885) [part.].
Motacilla flava rayi, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 294 (1905).
The eggs of the Yellow Wagtail are of much the same general
character as those of M. boarula, but are, as a rule, of a rather
darker colour. The eggs of the two species cannot, however, be
separated with certainty from each other. Specimens measure
from -69 to '82 in length, and from *51 to *6 in breadth.
6. Inverurie. Aberdeenshire, 2nd Mav. W. Uadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
5. Clitheroe, Lancashire ( W. Peterkm). Crowley Bequest.
4. Cumberland (Hey sham}. Gould Coll.
5. Preston, Yorks, 27th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
5. Shifnal, Shropshire, 20th June. ~tf. Kadcliffe Sounders. Esq.
[P.].
6. Sparham, Norfolk, 24th May Seebohin Coll.
(F. Nor gate).
3. Sparham, 25th May (F. N.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Sparham, 4th June (F. N.\ Seebohm Coll.
3. Sparham, 16th June (F. N.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Sparham (F. N.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Hickling Broad. Norfolk, 29th May Seebohm Coll.
(F. N.).
MOTAC1LLA.
85
Ilirkling Broad, 10th July ( /•'. .V.).
lijnvt'll, Cambridge, 2^th .June.
J)itlon, Cambridge, 16th June.
Taplow, Berkshire, May.
Avington, Hants.
Middlesex.
Hampstead, Middlesex.
Chart, Surrey, May (tiniit/wrs).
Churt, May (timithers).
Chun, May (Smithert).
Churt, May (Smithers).
Churt, May.
Churt, May.
AYalton Heath, 5th June.
Seebohm 0.11.
Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Sal v in-God man Coll.
Gould Coll.
l)r. R. BowdlerSharpe[P.].
Seebohin Coll.
Salviu-Godmau Coll.
Crow ley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowlev Bequest.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo ( Cuculus canorus).
2. Bushey Park, Surrey, 20th May.
\V. Radcliffe Sauiulers, IC.-q.
[P.].
Motacilla campestris, Pall.
Motacilla campestris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 510 (1885) fpart.] ;
id Hand-l. v. p. 142 (1906).
Motacilla fiava campestris, Hartert, Voy. Pal Faun, pt. iii. p. 294 (IG'05).
Eggs of the Eastern Yellow Wagtail are indistinguishable from
those of M. rat/i.
South Russia.
Crowley Bequest.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
0 South Russia, 24th May. W. Radcliffe Saunderf, K*q.
fP.].
Motacilla flava, Linn.
Motacilla flava, Tlrien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 5, a-c
(1845-54); Heioitson, Eyys of ' Brit. Birds, i. p. 108, pi. xlii. fig. ii
(1850) ; Drester, Birds Lur. iii. p. 261 (1875) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds,
ii. p. 208, pi. 14 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 516 (1885) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 295 (1890) ; Seebohm, Eyys
of Brit. Birds, p. 262, pi. 58 A. fig. 2 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 205 (1902) [part.] : Shar/te, Hand-l. v. p. 142 (1906).
Budyte.s flava, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 9 (1855-63) ; Saloin,
"ibvtj 1859, p. 310; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 215.
totacilla flava flava, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 287 (1905).
The eggs of the Blue-headed Wagtail are indistinguishable from
those of M. rayi and M. boarula. They measure from '72 to -8 in
length, and from -53 to -6 in breadth.
0. Sweden.
5. Copenhagen, 6th June (Fersler).
4. Germany, 31st May.
5. Yalkenswuard, Holland (J. Baker).
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Salvin-Goclmaii Coll.
86 MOTAC1LLID.E.
5. ValkenswRard. Crowley Bequest.
5. Vosges, France (Mougel: Hargitt Seebohni Coll.
Coll.}.
4. Spain (H. Sounders). Seebohm Coll.
3. Malaga, Spain, 2nd June (H. S.). Seebohni Coll.
5. Casa Vieja, Andalucia, 7tii May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
T [P.]-
5. Bugzi, Hungary, 25th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
6. Szigetcsep, Hungary, 19th May "W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(W.R.S.}. [P.].
6. tJrbo, Hungary, 1st June W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
( W. R. S.). [P.I.
3. Algeria, June (H. B. Tristram}. Crowley Bequest.
4. Zana, Algeria, 12th June (//. Crowley Bequest.
B. T.).
2. Zana, June (O. Salviri). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Zana, 12th June (O. &). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
3. Pomerania, 15th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
3. Halle, Saxony, llth June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Bohemia, 25th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
Motacilla alascensis (Ridyw.).
Budytes flavus leucostriatus, Nelson (nee Homeyer), Rep. Nat. Hist.
Alaska, p. 205 (1887).
Budytes fiavus alascensis, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii. p. 8
(1904).
Motacilla flava alascensis, Hartert, Yog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 290 (1905).
Motacilla alascensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 142 (1906).
Eggs of the Alaskan Blue-headed Wagtail are indistinguishable
from those of M. flava.
5. St. Michael's, Alaska, 16th June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(E. W. Nelson : Henshaw Cull}.
3. St. Michael's, 15th June (E. W. N. : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.}.
Motacilla borealis, Sundev.
(Plate IV. figs. 14 & 15.)
Motacilla viridis, Dresner, Birds Eur. iii. p. 269 (1875) ; id., Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 206 (1902) [part.].
Budytes viridis, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 617 (1879).
Motacilla borealis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 522 (1885) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 294 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 143
(1906).
Budytes flava borealis, Tacz. Faune Om. Siber. Orient, p. 382 (1891).
Motacilla flava, Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, i. p.362 [No. 1879] (1902).
Motacilla flava borealis, Hartert, Yog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 291 (1905).
MOTACFLLA. 87
The eggs of the Grey-headed Wagtail, judging from the examples
in the Collection, do not differ in any respect from eggs of M. boarula,
J/. rut/I, and M. flava,. The smallest egg measures '69 by '53 ;
the largest -8 by '57.
3. Tromsu, Norway, 12th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. SeAokm}.
1. Lapland. Crowley Bequest.
7. Kiosuando, Lapland, 10th June Crowley Bequest.
(E. How/berg : Dresser Coll.),
4. Russian Lapland (J. Wolley : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2*. Nalima, Russian Lapland Seebohm Coll.
(J. Wolley).
8. Tornea, Russian Lapland, 12th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Tornea, 15th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
5. Finland, 24th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
4. Lapland. 17th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Motacilla cinereicapilla, Savi.
(Plate IV. fig. 17.)
Motacilla cinereicapilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 526 (1885);
id., Hand-L v. p. 143 (1906).
Motacilla flava cinereocapilla, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 292
(1905).
Eggs of the Eastern Grey-headed Wagtail closely resemble the
various types of M. rayi, but are, on the whole, a trifle smaller.
5. Kirghiz Steppes, 2nd June. Crowley Bequest.
4. Lenkoran, Caspian Sea (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Susa, Tunis, June ( V. Bogo : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
4. Susa, J une ( V. B. : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Motacilla taivana, Swirih.
Motacilla taivana, SJiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 514 (1885) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 208 (1902) ; Shaiye, Hand-l. v. p. 143
(1906).
Motacilla flava taivanus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 293 (1905).
Two eggs of Swinhoe's Yellow-browed Wagtail are of a wide
* Evidently part of the clutch mentioned in the ' Ootheca Wolleyana ' (vide
supra) as having been sold at Stevens'.
88 IHOTACILLID^S.
oval shape, rather pointed towards one end, and fairly glossy.
The ground-colour is brownish-white, densely speckled and mottled
all over with umber-brown, especially towards the larger end,
which, in one egg, is also marked with a long black hair-line.
They measure respectively '76 by '59 and '75 by -59.
2. Albasin, Amur River, 15th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Motacilla feldeggi, Mlcliah.
Motacilla melanocepbala, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. tab. xxv. fig. 6, a, b
(1845-54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 273 (1875) ; Bree, Birds Eur.
2nd ed. iii. p. 93, pi. (1875) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 207
(1902) [part.].
Motacilla feldeggi, Sharps Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 527 (1885); Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 297 (1890; ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 92 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 143 (1906).
Motacilla flava melanocephala, Hartert. Voq. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 295
(1905).
The eggs of the Black-headed Wagtail in the Collection resemble
those of M. flava and its allies. They measure from -69 to '75 in
length, and from -52 to '55 in breadth.
3. MissolongM, Greece, 27th May Seebohm Coll.
(R. Seebohm).
1. Missolonghi, June (W. H. Simp- Crowley Bequest.
son : Tristram Coll.).
4. Smyrna, Asia Minor, June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Smyrna, 13th June (H. S.: Tris- Crowley Bequest,
tram Coll.).
1. Erzerum, Armenia. Old Collection.
5. Shiraz, Persia, 3rd May. H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.].
Motacilla melanogrisea (Homeyer).
(Plate IV. fig. 21.)
Motacilla feldeggi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 527 (1885) [part.] ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 92 (1899).
Motacilla flava melanogriseus, Hartert, Voq. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 29(3
(1905).
Motacilla melanogrisea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 143 (1906).
Two eggs of Homeyer's Black-headed Wagtail are much like
those of M. flava and M. citreola, being of a pointed oval form and
somewhat glossy, with the ground-colour yellowish-white, indis-
tinctly mottled all over with pale yellowish-brown. Both examples
are marked with an irregular black hair-line at the larger end.
They measure respectively -8 by *59 and -81 by -58.
2. Altai Mountains (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest
DENDRANTHUS. — ANTIIUS. 89
Genus DENDRANTHUS, Bli/th.
Dendranthus indicus (GmeL).
(Plate IV. fig. 22.)
Limunidromus indicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 532 (1885) ; Tacz.
Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 390 (1891); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 92 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 209 (1902).
Dendranthus indicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 144 (1900).
Dendronaiithus indica, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 309 (1905).
Two eggs of the Forest Wagtail are of an ordinary oval
shape and perfectly devoid of gloss. They are grey with a purple
tinge, marked with spots and small blotches of umber-brown and
underlying lilac-grey. They measure respectively -8 by *58 and '77
by -57.
2. Ussuri River, E. Siberia (Dorries : Crowley Bequest.
Nehrkorn Coll.).
Genus ANTHUS, Beclist.
Anthus chloris, Licht.
(Plate V. figs. 1 & 2.)
Anthus chloris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 539 (1885); Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 243 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 295
(1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 144 (1906).
Three eggs of the Small Yellow-tufted Pipit are of a somewhat
pointed oval form and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour
is white or yellowish-white, densely speckled and spotted all over
with dull lavender-grey and yellowish-brown, the marking being
somewhat more dense round the larger end. They measure
respectively : -9 by '55 ; -82 by -6 ; -82 by -59.
3. South Africa (Noakes}. Crowley Bequest.
Anthus trivialis, Linn.
Anthus arboreus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 7, a-e
(1845-54); Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 171, pi. xliii.
(1856) ; Seehohm, Brit, Birds, ii. p. 219, pi. 14 (1884) ; id., Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 263, pi. 58 A. figs. 5-8 (1896).
Dendronantlms arboreus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 38. fig. 8
(1855-63).
Anthus trivialis, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 309 (1874) ; Tristr. Fauna
$ Flora Palest, p. 56 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 543
(1885) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 211 (1902) ; Neivton,
Ootheca Wolleyana, p. 366 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 145 (11)06).
Anthus trivialis trivialis, Hartert, Vvg. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 272 (1905).
The eggs of the Tree-Pipit are mostly of a broad, pointed oval
shape, but occasionally they are rounded at the smaller end. They
90
MOTACILLTD^;.
exhibit a large amount of gloss. They are extremely variable in
colour, and there are at least five types, all of common occurrence.
Eggs of the first type are greyish-white, very densely freckled all
over with greyish-brown ; in a second they are pinkish-white,
densely freckled all over with reddish-brown ; in a third they are
pale brown or greenish-white, spotted and clouded with two or
more shades of rich umber -brown and purplish-brown ; in a fourth
they are cream-colour, clouded with lilac and spotted and blotched
with piyplish-red ; and in a fifth they are pale purplish-grey,
spotted and blotched, especially at the broad end, with deep choco-
late-brown and underlying lavender. Intermediate examples also
occur. Specimens measure from '7 to "9 in length, and from -6 to
•65 in breadth.
6. The Mound, Sutherland, 25th May.
2. Banff.
1. Banff.
2. Crieff, Perthshire.
4. England.
5. Near Carlisle, Cumberland, June.
4. Near Carlisle, 17th June.
6. Hagg Hill, Derwent, 3rd June.
8. Durham ( W. B. Proctor}.
3. Alport, Derbyshire, 21st June.
3. Alport, 23rd June.
4. Hockering, Norfolk, 30th May
(F. Nor gate).
4. Cambridgeshire.
4. Downham, Cambridge, 4th June
(F. N.).
6. Taplow, Berkshire.
3. Wallingford, Berkshire.
6. Churt, Surrey, May (Smithers).
5. Churt, May (Smithers).
3. Churt (Smithers).
5. Churt (Smithers).
5. Churt (Smithers).
1. Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salvin}.
5. Finchley (O. 8.).
4. Finchley (O. 8.).
4. Finchley (O. 8.).
6. Finchley (O. &).
2. Manor House, Finchley (O. &).
5. Tilford, Kent.
6. St. Mary Cray, Kent, 16th May.
5. Monmouth, 1st June ( W. R. #.).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq.
[P.T.
W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq.
[P.].
W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq.
[P.].
Old Collection.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Seebohrn Coll.
Gould Coll.
Mrs. Thomas [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
ANTHUS.
91
1. Kuskio-vaara, Lapland. (U'ollcy
Coll.: Tristram Coll.).
5. Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th May
(H. Seebohm.).
5. Valkenswaard, 14th May (//. S.).
6. Valkenswaard, 15th May (//. S.).
5. Valkenswaard, 19th May (II. S.).
4. Valkt-nswaard, 21st May (H. S.).
4. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. &).
5. Valkenswaard, 23rd May (H. S.).
2. Valkenswaard, 2oth May (H. &).
2. Pomerania (7'. Holland).
2. Pomerania (T. H.).
2. Pomerania (T. H.).
5. Pomerania (T. H.\
4. Pomerania, May (T. H.).
4. Pomerania, May (T. H.).
5. Pomerania, May ( T. H.).
7. Pomerania, 26th June (T. H.).
4. Oschatz, Saxony, 28th April.
4. Oslawan, Austria, June (W. R. S.).
4. Oslawan, June ( W. R. S.).
4. Oslawan, June ( W. R. S.).
4. Oslawan, June ( W. R. S.).
4. Oslawan, June ( W. R. S.).
5. Oslawan, June ( W. R. S.).
6. Near Samiria, Palestine, 12th April
(H. B. Tristram).
4. Amur River, E. Siberia.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radclifte Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W. Hadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
'. KadclifTe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Uadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Hadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
"W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Ra
fadcliffe Saunders, Eeq.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
[P.I.
rl€
Clutches containing an egg of the
5. Scarborough, Yorkshire, 13th May.
3. Shifnal, Shropshire, 25th May.
2. Near Cobham, Kent; 20th June.
2. Great Bookham, Surrey, 15th
June.
4. West Dorset, 26th May.
4. Toller, Dorset, 29th May.
4. Langton Herring, Dorset, 25th May.
4. Reinberg, Moravia, 2nd June.
Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Hadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
"W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.l.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
92 MOTACILLID^E.
Anthus maculatus, Jard.
(Plate V. fig. 4.)
Pipastes agilis, Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, p. 84, taf. ii. figs. 22, 23, 24.
Anthus maculatus, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 547 ( 1885) ; Seebohm,
Birds Japan. Emp. p. 115 (1890) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds,
ii. p. 304 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eyas Ind. Birds, ii.
p. 209 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 92 (1899) ; Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 212 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 145 (1900).
Pipastes maculatus, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 391 (1891).
Anthus trivialis maculatus, Hartert. Voq. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 273
(1905).
Eggs of the Eastern Tree-Pipit, of which there is a large
series in the Collection, are as a rule pretty uniform in colour, and
of a very broad oval shape, perfectly devoid of gloss. They are
cream-coloured, smeared and clouded with pale lilac-red, over which
are laid blotches of dull reddish-brown and, in the majority of the
specimens, spots, lines, and hieroglyphics of very deep purplish-red.
They are not unlike some of the eggs of A. trivialis. Three sets of
eggs from Fujiyama are, however, of a very different type. In two
sets the ground-colour is yellowish-white, very finely and densely
spotted all over with chocolate-brown ; in the third set the ground-
colour is whitish or greenish-white, and equally finely marked with
purplish-grey and lavender. They measure from '75 to -84 in
length, and from *6 to -65 in breadth.
3. Darjiling, 21st May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [P.].
4. Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
5. Japan (H. P.). , Seebohm Coll.
5. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Japan (//. P.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, loth Crowley Bequest.
July.
2. Fujiyama, 1st July. Crowley Bequest.
4. Subashiri, Fujiyama, 1st June. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Anthus nilghiriensis, Sliarpe.
(Plate V. fig. 5.)
Anthus nilghiriensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 550 (1885); Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 305 (1890); id., ed. Hume, Rests
$ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 211 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 145
(1906).
The eggs of the Nilghiri Pipit are of a somewhat narrow oval
shape and moderately glossy. The five specimens in the Collection
vary considerably. Three examples are greyish-white, very densely
ANTIIUS. 93
mottled with brown and purplish-grey; another egg is cream-
coloured, densely mottled with pale reddish-brown and purplish-grey ;
and a fifth is pale buff, densely mottled with pale brown. They
measure respectively : -65 by -02; -88 by '61 ; -8 by '6 ; '8 by 62 ;
•82 by -57.
4. Neddivatam, Nilghiri Hills, 6500 Hume Coll.
feet, May ( W. Uavison).
1. Nilglriri Hills. Hume Coll.
Anthus brachyurus, Sundev.
(Plate V. fig. 3.)
Anthus brachyurus, Gurney, Ibis, 1863, p. .327 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard,
Jiinh S. Africa, p. 539 (1875-84); id., Cat. Birds B. M. x.p. 551
(1885) ; St.ark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 248 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. ii. p. 303 (1900); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 145 (1906).
The eggs of the Cape Short-tailed Pipit are of a blunt oval shape
and possess very little gloss. They are white, freckled with pale
brown and grey. The markings form an irregular zone round the
broad end of the egg and are sparingly distributed elsewhere.
Three examples measure respectively : '65 by '52 ; '68 by *52 ; *67
by -52.
3. Natal. Dr. Gueinzius [C.].
Anthus vaalensis, Shelley.
(Plate Y. fig. 6.)
Anthus gouldi, Gurnet/, Ibis, 1860, p. 208.
Anthus leiicophrys, Layard, Ibis, 1869, p. 368.
Anthus pyrrhouotus, Sharpe (nee Vieill.}, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa,
p. 537 ( 1875-84) [pt.]; Butler, Feilden % Reid, Zool. 1882r p. 336;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 555 (1885) [pt.] ; Stark. Fauna
S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 250 (1900) [pt.].
Anthus vaalensis, Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 311 (1900) j Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 146 (1900).
Eggs of the Tawny Plain-backed Pipit vary from an ordinary,
somewhat pointed oval shape to a broad, blunt oval, and are very
slightly glossy. They are whitish or cream-coloured, more or less
densely speckled and mottled all ever, or sometimes blotched, with
brown and underlying lavender. Two eggs from Lindley differ in
having all the surface-markings of a light rusty-brown or sienna.
Examples measure from '78 to *85 in length, and from -58 to '67
in breadth.
7. Transvaal ( T. At/res: Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. 14-Streams, Vaal River, Nov. R. B. Woosnarn, Esq. [C.],
2. Lindley, O.R.C., 22nd Dec. Major R. Sparrow [P.].
1. Newcastle, Natal, 10th Oct. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
3. Newcastle, 10th Nov. (J?. A. Butler.) Crowley Bequest.
94 J10TACILLID2E.
Anthus sordidus, Riipp.
(Plate V. figs. 7 & 8.)
Anthus sordidus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 560 (1835) [part.] ;
NehrTt. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 92 (1899) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. ii. p. 314
(1900) ; Sharps, Hand-l v. p. 146
The eggs of the Dingy Rock-Pipit are of a blunt oval form,
approaching the elliptical, and are but very slightly glossed. They
are white, thickly mottled and blotched with deep umber-brown and
underlying purplish-grey. The markings are very evenly distributed
over the entire surface of the egg. Four examples measure
respectively : '9 by -67 ; '9 by -66 ; -89 by -65 ; -92 by '67.
2. Adho Dimsllus, Sokotra, 3700 feet Royal Society [P.].
( W. R. Ogilvie-Grant Sf H. O.
Forbes).
2. Hadibu Plain, Sokotra, loth Dec. Roval Society [P.].
(W. R. 0.-G.$H. O.F.).
Anthus cockburniae, Oates.
(Plate V. fig. 9.)
Anthus sordidus, Sharps (nee Rilpp.}, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 560 (1885)
[part.] ; Oates, ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 212 (1890).
Anthus cockburnise, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 305 (1890) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 147 (1908).
Three eggs of the Rufous Rock-Pipit closely resemble those of
A. sordidus ; the fourth, as shown in the Plate, is of quite a different
type, the ground-colour being white rather sparingly marked with
small blotches and spots of purplish-brown and lilac-grey, the
markings being most numerous round the large end, where they
form an irregular zone. They measure respectively : '81 by *61 ; *87
by -62; -89 by '65 ; -92 by -64.
4. Nilghiri Hills, S. India (Miss Hume Coll.
Gockburn),
Anthus jerdoni, Finsch.
Agrodroma jerdoni, Wardlaw Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 61.
Anthus jerdoni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 562 (1885) ; Oates, ed.
Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 212 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 147 (1906).
Anthus similis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 306 (1890);
Dresser, Birds Etir. ix. (Suppl.) p. 151 (1895) j id., Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 220 (1902).
Anthus leucophrys jerdoni, Harterf, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 270
(1905).
The eggs of the Brown Rock-Pipit are of a blunt oval form and
very slightly glossy. They are white, rather thickly speckled and
blotched with reddish-brown and purplish-grey. Five examples
measure from *82 to "88 in length, and from '61 to -65 in breadth.
ANTHUS. 95
4. Afghanistan, 22nd June (R. G. Seebohm Coll.
If 'anil f i tr Hit m *tt // ) .
1. Murree, N.W. Himalayas (C. H. Hume Coll.
T, Marshall).
Anthus richardi, Vieill.
Anthus richardi, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 14, «, b (1845-
54) ; Hewitxon, Eat/s of Brit. Birds, i. p. 175, pi. xliv. fig. iv (1856) ;
Dijbowski, J. f. O. 1808, p. 334 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 325
(1874) ; Seebohm, Brit, Birds, ii. p. 233, pi. 14 (1884) ; Sharps, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 564 (1885); Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 307 (1800); Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 395 (1891);
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 206, pi. 58 A. fig. 4 (1896) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiermmml p. 92 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 219
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 147 (1906).
Corydalla richardi, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fR 1 (1855-63) :
Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, p. 83, tab. ii. fig. 21.
Anthus richardi richardi, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 265 (1905).
Eggs of Richard's Pipit are almost elliptical in shape, the two
ends being closely alike in colour, and moderately glossy. They
are greenish-white or grey, profusely mottled with brown and
underlying lavender-grey. Eight examples measure from '82 to '92
in length, and from *65 to *68 in breadth.
Four examples, forming a clutch taken by Mr. Rickett, are
smaller, and instead of being densely mottled are distinctly spotted
and blotched. They measure '8 by *6.
3. Darasun, Dauria, June (Dyboivski : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. Darasuu, June (Dybowski). Seebolim Coll.
2. Turkestan (Severtzov). Seebohm Coll.
4. Foochow, China, 10th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
Anthus striolatus, Blyth.
(Plate V. fig. 15.)
Corydalla striolata, Leyge, Birds Ceylon, p. 628 (1879).
Anthus striolatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 568 (1885) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 308 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 147
(1906).
The two eggs of Blyth's Pipit are of a blunt oval shape and very
glossy. They are creamy-white, densely and finely freckled with
yellowish-brown and very pale underlying lavender. They measure
respectively : -85 by -64 ; -84 by -63.
2. Nilghiri Hills, S. India, 16th May. Hume Coll.
Anthus campestris (Linn.).
Anthus campestris, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 13, a-c
(1845-54); Dresser, Birds Eitr.m. p. 317 (1874) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, ii. p. 239, pi. 14 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birch B. M. x. p. 569
(1885) ; Seebohm. Ef/ys of Brit. Bira*, p. 267 (1896) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiermmml. p. 92 (1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 218
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 147 (1900).
90
MOTACILLID.T:.
4.
Corydalla campestris, Baedeker, Eier Ear. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 2 (1855-63).
Anthus rufescens, Sali-in, Ibis, 1859, p. 310.
Agrodrornas campestris, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 216.
Anthus campestris campestris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 267
(1905).
The eggs of the Tawny Pipit are generally of a broad oval form,
frequently pointed, sometimes blunt, and many specimens are
highly glossy. The ground-colour varies from white to pale
greenish- or greyish-white. The markings are of two general types.
In one type, the egg is thickly marked with fine distinct and
roundish dots of purplish -brown and underlying lavender. In the
second type, the surface is streaked and blotched, rather coarsely,
with umber-brown or reddish-brown and underlying lavender or
purplish-grey. These are the two extreme types, and intermediate
forms between them are of common occurrence. Specimens measure
from *78 to '93 in length, and from '58 to '7 in breadth.
Seebohm Coll.
Sebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godnjan Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godrnan Coll,
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Valkenswaard, Holland, 29th May
(H. Seebohm).
Granada, Spain, 27th May (H.
Saunders).
Seville, Spain (A. Ruiz).
Colmenar, Malaga, Spain, 30th May
(H. Saunders).
Colmenar (H. S.).
Parnassus, Greece, 21st May (T.
Krwper).
Parnassus, 24th May ( T. K.).
Athens, 1st June ( t. K.\
Huleh, Waters of Merom, 27th May
(H. B. Tristram}.
Near Jerusalem, Palestine, 26th
April (H.B.T.).
Kuldja, Mongolia (Nehrkom Coll.).
2. Madracen, Algeria, 30th May
(O. Salvin).
Madracen, 30th May (H. B. T.).
Chemora, Algeria, 19th May (O. 8.).
Ain Djendeli, Algeria, llth May
(O. S.).
Ain Djendeli, 13th May (O. S.).
Ain Djendeli, 18th May (O. S.).
Ain Djendeli, 29th May (O.S.).
Ain Djendeli, 14th May (O. S. :
Tristram Coll.).
Ain Djendeli, 14th May (O. S. :
Tristram Coll.).
Ain Djendeli, 18th May (O. S.:
Tristram Coll.).
Brandenburg (Dresser Coll.}.
5.
4. Brandenburg, 2nd June.
2. Halle, Saxony, 20th June.
\XTHUS. 97
;}. Frankfurt, Main, 28th May. VV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Mostar, Herzegovina, loth June W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(O. Reiser). [PJ.
3. Albania, 16th May (O. R.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Albania, 18th May. VV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Guculus canorus).
2. Szigetcsep, Hungary, 19th June W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
(F. A. Cerwa). [P.].
Clutch containing an egg of the Crested Lark (Galerida cristata).
4. Szigetcse"p, Hungary, loth June W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(F.A.C.). [P.].
Anthus rufulus, Vieill.
(Plate V. figs. 10-12.)
Corydalla rnfula, Legqe, Birds Ceylon, p. 625 (1879).
Anthus caffer, Butler, Feilden $ Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 335.
Anthus rufulus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 574 (1885); Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 308 (1890); id., ed. Hume, Nests &
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 213 (1890); Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i.
p. 251 (1900) ; SheUey, Birds Afr. ii. p. 319 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-L
v. p. 148 (1906).
The eggs of the Small Rufous Pipit vary in form from a narrow
pointed to a broad oval, and exhibit a small amount of gloss.
They are white or greyish, marked in various ways with different
tints of brown, reddish-brown, purplish-red, and underlying lavender
or lilac. In many specimens the markings are all small and distinct ;
in others they are large and blotchy, and between these extremes
many variations of pattern occur, but in every case a large amount
of the ground-colour remains visible. The markings are often
larger and closer together at the broad end than elsewhere, but they
seldom form any well-defined cap. Specimens measure from '75 to
•86 in length, and from -57 to -63 in breadth.
5. Lady smith, Natal, S. Africa, 18th Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
Nov.
Sunday River, Natal, 17th Nov. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
Saharunpur, N.W. Provs., India, Hume Coll.
24th March (G. F. L. Marshall).
3. Sikhim Terai, 10th March. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 3rd April. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 9th April. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 20th April. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 25th April. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 28th April. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 29th April. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 1st May. Hume Coll.
5. Sikhim Terai, 4th May. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim Terai, 9th May. Hume Coll.
VOL. V. H
98 MOTACILLID^l.
5. Sikhim Terai, 12th May. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 18th May. Hume Coll.
2. Raipur, C. Provs., loth April Hume Coll.
(F. R. Blewitt).
1. Belgaum, 19th April (E. A. Hume Coll.
Butler).
4. Belgaum, 23rd April (E. A. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Belgaum, 9th May (E. A. £.). Hume Coll.
1. Belgaum, 10th May (E. A. B.). Hume Coll.
3. Belgaum, 14th June (.E. A. B.). Hume Coll.
3. Belgaum, 26th June (E. A. B.). Hume Coll.
5. Wynaad, S. India. Hume Coll.
4. Niitrhiri Hills. Hume Coll.
2. Kotagherry, Nilg-hiri Hills, 5th Hume Colh
April (Miss Cockburn).
1. Kotagherry, 15th April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Kotagherry, 3rd May (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
3. Kotasrherry, 10th May (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 29th Hume Coll.
March (W. Davison).
1. Klang, 3rd April ( W. D.). Hume Coll.
3. Klanjr, 23rd April ( W. D.). Hume Coll.
2. Biserat, Jalor, 18th July. H. C. Robinson, Esq. [P.].
Anthus prat en sis (Linn.).
Anthus pratensis, Thien. Fortpfanz. ges. Tot/, tab. xxv. fig. 8,a-c (1845-
54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 5 (1855-63) ; Hewitson,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 173, pi. xliv. figs, i & ii (1856) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. iii. p. 285 (1874); Seebohm fy Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876,
p. 121; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 224, pi. 14 (1884); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 580 (1885) ; Seebohm, Eyys of Brit. Birds, p. 264,
pi. 58 A. figs. 9 £ 10 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 210
(1902) ; Radclife Saunders, Bull B. O. C. xiv. no. ciii. p. 42 (1904) ;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 275 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 148 (1906).
The eggs of the Meadow-Pipit are, for the most part, of a pointed
oval shape and moderately glossy. The ground-colour varies from
greyish- or brownish-white to pale stone-colour and sometimes it is
pale blue. The markings on the majority of the eggs are of various
shades of brown and underlying lavender or purplish-grey. On
some specimens they are very dense and form a confluent mass,
concealing nearly the whole of the ground-colour ; and on others
they are comparatively sparse and separate, permitting quite half of
the ground-colour to be seen. Some examples are almost uniformly
of a stone-colour, marked with a few spots and fine hair-lines of
dark brown or black ; others are very faintly mottled all over with
minute streaks and dots. A clutch of five eggs taken at Seasalter,
Faversham, are very abnormal in coloration. They are almost
uniform pale blue, with a few spots, blotches, or hair-streaks of
yellowish-brown, purple-brown, and lilac-grey, mostly confined to
ANTHUS.
99
the larger end. Specimens measure from -75 to *85 in length, and
from '53 to '63 in breadth.
5. Faroe Islands, 10th May (H. C.
Midler}.
3. Faroe Islands, 25th May (H. C. M.}.
5. Faroe Islands, 28th May (H. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands, 31st May (H. C. M.}.
o. Faroe Islands, 12th June (H. C. M.}.
6. Faroe Islands, 14th J une (H. C. M.).
6. Faroe Islands, 26th June (H. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Hargitt
Coll.}.
5. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. ; Hargitt
Coll.}.
4. Faroe Islands, 4th May (//. C. M. :
lldrijitt Coll.}.
5. Faroe Islands, loth May (//. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Faroe Islands, 13th June (H. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.}.
6. Faroe Islands, 14th June (H. C.
M. : Haryitt Coll.}.
5. Faroe Islands, 16th June (H. C.
M. : Hargitt Coll.}.
6. Faroe Islands, 24th June (H. C.
M. : Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Cluny, Ross-shire (Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Cluny (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Cluny, 20th May (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Cluny, 28th May (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Cluny, 28th May (Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Loch Luine, Ross-shire, 19th May
(Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Glen Luine, 19th May (Hargitt
Coll.).
4. Glen Luine, 19th May (Hargitt
Coll.}.
5. Glen Luine, 19th May (Hargitt
Coll.}.
3. Loch Luichart, Ross-shire (Har-
gitt Coll,}.
4. Loch Luichart (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Loch Luichart (Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Loch End, Inverness, 1st June
(Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Coquet Island, Northumberland,
16th June.
1. Castle Eden, Durham (Tristram
Coll.).
1. Appleby, Westmorland.
4. Cambridgeshire.
4. Thetford, Norfolk.
1. Kimberley, Norfolk (J. H. Gurney:
Tristram Coll.}.
4. Haddenham, Bucks.
2. Maidenhead, Berkshire, 18th May.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
L. Johnston, Esq. [P.I
F. Bond, Esq. [P.]. '
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Old Collection.
100
MOTACILLID2E.
5. Seasalter, Faversham, Kent, 26th
May (H. T. Sooth).
3. Churt, Kent (Smithers).
3. Churt (Smithers).
6. Churt (Smithers).
5. Reigate, Surrey, 18th May.
5. Brighton, Sussex, June.
4. Wolmer Forest, Hants, 28th April.
4. Ringwood, Hants, 18th April
(S. H. Wallis).
4. Rockfield, Monmouth, June.
3. Hallingsdal, Norway, June (R.
Collett).
4. Valkenswaard, Holland, 26th May.
5. East Pomerania, 25th April (T.
Holland).
5. East Pomerania, 14th May ( T. H.).
6. East Pomerania, 20th May ( T. H.).
4. East Pomerania, May (T. H.).
5. Petchora River, N. Lat. 68°, 3rd
July (H. Seebohm $ J. A.
Harvie-JBrown).
4. Southerv Manor, near Downham,
Norfolk, 10th May.
4. Southery Manor, 29th May.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Col. H. W. Feilden [P.J.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
2. Scotstown Moor, Aberdeenshire,
1st June.
4. Carlisle, Cumberland, 17th May.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Carlisle, 3rd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Burnley, Lancashire, 5th June.
5. Scarborough, Yorkshire, 30th May.
2. Lakenheath, Suffolk, 28th May.
4. Hayes Common, Kent, 20th June.
3. New Forest, Hants, 13th June.
3. Wyke Regis, Dorset, 29th May.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Dolwyddelen, Carnarvonshire, N.
Wales, 15th May (R. W. Calvertt). [P.J
Clutch containing two eggs of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
2. Wicken Fen, Cambridgeshire,
3rd June.
W. Radcliffe Saunders Esq
[P.J
ANTHUS.
Anthus cervinus (Pall).
An thus rufogularis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 7 (1855-63).
Anthus cervinus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 299 (1874) ; Bree, Birds
Ear. 2nd ed. iii. p. 98, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm $ Harvie-Brown, Ibis,
1876, p. 122 ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 342 ; id., Brit. Birds, ii. p. 2£9,
pi. 14 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 680 (1885) ; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 265, pi. 58 A. n>s. 11 & 12 (1896); Pearson,
Ibis, 1898, p. 192 ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 369, pi. xi.
figs. 7-12 (1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 213 (1902) ;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 277 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 148 (1906).
The eggs of the Red-throated Pipit appear to be as varied as
those of A. trivialis, and they bear a close general resemblance to them
and may be divided into the same number of types. Some of the
eggs also resemble those of A. pratensis. They measure from •? to
•83 in length, and from *54 to '63 in breadth.
5. Varanger Fjord, Norway, 15th Seebohm Coll.
June (Nordvi).
5. Varanger Fjord, 24th June (Nordvi).
6. Varanger Fjord, 18th June.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Varanger Fjord, 30th June
(J. Wolley: Tristram Coll.).
6. Vadso, 24th June.
3. Lapland.
1. Lapland, 29th June.
5. Lapland, 27th May.
6. Lapland, 12th June.
3. Tornea, Lapland, 6th June.
6. Tornea, llth June.
6. Finmark, June.
5. Finmark, June.
4. East Finmark, June («/". Wolley :
Tristram Coll.).
6. East Finmark, 3rd June (E.
Homberq : Dresser Coll.).
6. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat, 21st
June (H. Seebohm fyJ.A. Harvie-
Brown).
4. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 23rd
June (If. S.8fJ.A.H.-B.).
4. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 23rd
June (If. S. $J. A. H.-B.).
5. Petchora River, 68° N. Lat., 27th
June (//. S. 8f J. A. H.-B.).
5. Yeiicsei River, 70A° N. l.ut., 5th
July (H. Seebohm).
Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radclirt'e Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saundere, Esq.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
' *. MOTACILLIDJE.
. • £ epeis^i Rit&y -70i° N. Lat., 16th Seebohm Coll.
3. Yenesei River, 70^° N. Lat. July Seebohm Coll.
(H. &).
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
2. Lapland, 15th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Anthns rosaceus, Hodgs.
(Plate Y. figs. 13 & 14.)
Anthus rosaceus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 589 (1885) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 311 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests #
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 216 (1890) ; Hartert, Nov. Zool. i. p. 672
(1894) ; Osmaston, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xi. p. 70 (1897) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 93 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds.
pt, i. p. 215 (1902) ; Sharpe, Handel, v. p. 148 (1906).
Anthus roseatus, Hartert, Vbg. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 279 (1905).
An egg of Hodgson's Pipit, taken by Mandelli, is of a narrow
oval form and almost devoid of gloss. It is greyish-white, thickly
freckled all over with pale brown. It measures '85 by -6.
Three eggs in the Crowley Collection are greyish-white, thickly
mottled all over with dark brown or chocolate-brown. They
measure respectively '8 by '6 ; -8 by '58 ; '79 by '58.
1. Darjiling, Sikhim, 19th May Hume Coll.
(L. Mandelli).
3. Koko Nor, Tibet. Crowley Bequest.
Anthus bertheloti, Bolle.
Anthus berth eloti, Dresser, Birds Fur. iii. p. 291 (1874); Sharps, Cat.
Birds B. M. x. p. 591 (1885) ; Reid, Ibis, 1887, p. 433 ; Koenia,
J.f. O. 1890, p. 278, taf. viii. fig. 7 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 93
(1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt.i. p. 211 (1902) [part.]; Sharpe,
Hand-l.v. p. 148(1906).
Anthus berthelotii berthelotii, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 270
(1905).
Eggs of the Canarian Pipit are of a regular oval form and have
little or no gloss. They vary greatly in colour and markings. The
eggs of one clutch are greyish- white, mottled with pale greyish-
brown and lavender ; those of a second clutch are white, spotted and
blotched with pale umber-brown and lavender ; a third type has the
ground-colour creamy-white thickly mottled with umber-brown ;
a fourth has the markings purplish-brown or grey. The markings
are often denser at the broad end, where they form a zone.
Examples measure from '75 to -82 in length, and from -55 to *6 in
breadth.
4. Canary Islands, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
ANTHUS.
103
1. Tenerife, Canary Is. (Kutter Coll).
'2. Tenerife.
3. Tenerife.
4. Tenerife, 18th March (R. Gomez).
3. Tenerife (R. G.).
4. Fuertaventura, Canary Is., March
(P. Rendall: Tristram Coll.).
4. Fuertaventura, March (P. R. :
Tristram Coll.}.
Crowley Bequest.
Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.I.
Capt Savile G. Reid [P.].'
W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest,
Anthus madeirensis, Hartert.
Anthus bfirtheloti, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. x. p. 591 (1885) [part.].
Anthus berthelod madeirensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 271
(1905).
Anthus madeirensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 149 (1906).
Eggs of the Madeiran Pipit are indistinguishable from those of
the grey-mottled form of A. bertheloti.
4. Porto Santo Is., Madeira, 20th Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(Pe. E. Schmitz). [P.].
4. Porto Santo Is., 17th May (Pe. E. S.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Anthus spipoletta (Linn.).
Anthus spinoletta, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 335 (1874) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 248,
pi. 14 (1884) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 312 (1890) j
Seebohm, Eygs of Brit. Birds, p. 268, pi. 58 A. fig. 16 (1896).
Anthus spipoletta, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 592 (1885) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, , pt. i. p. 214 (1902); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 149 (1906).
Anthus spinoletta spiuoletta, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 279
(1905).
The eggs of the Water-Pipit cannot be separated from those of
the Rock- Pipit (A. obscurus) described below. They measure from
•78 to -9 in length, and from -55 to *63 in breadth.
2. Central Europe.
4. Switzerland (Tristram Coll.}.
2. Switzerland.
4. Berne, Switzerland.
4. Jura Alps.
4. Jura Alps, 2nd May ( W. Schlilter).
5. Jura Alps, 8th May (W. S.).
5. Jura Alps, 21st May ( W. S.).
3. Silesia, S. Prussia (Eidwell Coll.).
2. Mag-lai, Bosnia, 23rd June (O.
Reiser).
2. Sarajevo, Bosnia, 6th July (0. R.).
Old Collection.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P-]
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].-
104 MOTACILLID^.
Anthus blakistoni, Swinh.
(Plate Y. fig. 21.)
Anthus blakistoni, Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1863, p. 90; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 149
(1906).
Anthus spinoletta blakistoni, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 282
(1905).
Eight eggs of Blakiston's Pipit vary from a broad to a rather pointed
oval shape and are slightly glossy. The ground-colour is whitish,
clouded, mottled, and blotched with brown. In the set of eggs from
the Pamir the markings are somewhat sparingly distributed ; while
in those from Japan they are dense and obscure much of the ground-
colour, especially towards the larger end. They vary from *78 to
•8 in length, and from '56 to -62 in breadth.
5. Gulcha, Pamir, Central Asia, 24th St. George Littledale, Esq.
May. [P.].
3. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 10th W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
July. [P.].
Anthus pennsylvanicus (Lath.).
Anthus ludovicianus, Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 40 (1874) ; Baird,
Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 171 (1874) ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. iii. p. 331 (1878) j Salv. fy Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves i
p. 108 (1880).
Anthus spinoletta, var. ludovicianus, Seebohm, Brit. Birds ii. p. 249
pi. 14 (1884).
Anthus pennsylvanicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 596 (1885) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 93 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 149
(1906).
Anthus spinoletta pensilvanica, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 282
(1905).
The eggs of the American Pipit are inseparable from those of
A. spipoletta and A. obscurus. They vary from '72 to '9 in length,
and from *6 to *63 in breadth.
2. North America. Old Collection.
2. Hudson's Bay. Gould Coll.
4. Labrador. Seebohm Coll.
2. Labrador. Seebohm Coll.
2. Labrador. Seebohm Coll.
5. Labrador. Seebohm Coll.
10. Labrador (Tristram Coll.'}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Mt. Evans, Clear Creek Co., W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
Colorado, 25th June (E. Lewis). [P.].
Anthus obscurus (Lath.}.
Anthus aquaticus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 10 a-c
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 174, pi. xliv. fig- iii
(1856).
Anthus obscurus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 343 (1877) ; Seebohm, Brit
Birds, ii. p. 244, pi. 14 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 599
ANTHUS.
105
(1885) ; Seebohm, Egg* of Brit. Birds, p. 267, pi. 58 A. fig. 14 (1896) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 216 (1902) [part.]; Sharpe,
llund-l. v. p. 149 (1906).
Anthus spiiioletta obscura, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 283
(1905).
The eggs of the Rock-Pipit are of a pointed oval shape and
exhibit a moderate amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from
greyish-white to very pale greyish-green, but is often almost entirely
concealed from view by the markings, which consist of a profusion
of small blotches, streaks, and spots of olive-brown in some eggs,
and rufous-brown or plain brown in others. The density of the
markings varies considerably, some eggs being nearly covered by
them, and some being more distinctly marked with small blotches
which allow a considerable part of the ground to be seen. On many
specimens there are a few black spots and lines at the broad end.
Examples measure from -8 to *95 in length, and from '6 to "66 in
breadth.
5. Faroe Islands (H. C. Midler).
3. Faroe Islands (H. C. M.).
4. Faroe Islands (//. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands (H. C. M.).
4. Faroe Islands, 16th May (//. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands, 23rd May (H. C. M.).
3. Faroe Islands, 24th May (H. C. M.).
3. Faroe Islands, 26th May (H. C. M.).
2. Faroe Islands, 26th May (H. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands, 27th May (H. C. M.}.
4. Faroe Islands, 27th May (H. C. M.),
5. Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C.M.).
4. Faroe Islands, 5th June (H. C. M.).
5. Faroe Islands, 8th June (H. C. M.).
2. Faroe Islands, 12th June (H. C. M.),
4. Faroe Islands, 14th June (H. C. M.).
4. Faroe Islands, 16th June (H. C. M!).
2. Faroe Islands, 23rd June (J5T. C. M.).
4. Faroe Islands, 26th June (H. C. M.).
3. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. ; Haryitt
Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands (H. C.M.:
Coll.).
5. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. :
Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. .-
Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. .
Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. :
Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands (H. C. M. ,
Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands, May (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 16th May (H. C. M. :
Haryitt Coll.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebuhm Coil.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coil.
Seebohm Coli.
Seebohrn Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt
Hargitt
Hargitt
Hargitt
Hargitt
Hargitt
M.:
H". C. M. :
Seebohm Coll.
Seehohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
108
MOTACILLID^.
5. Faroe Islands, 21st May (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
2. Faroe Islands, 26th May (H. C. M. .
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands, 30th May (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands, 1st Jane (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Cull.}.
3. Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
5. Faroe Islands, 1st June (H. C. M. :
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands. 4th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
5. Faroe Islands, 8th June (//. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands, 13th June (//. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Faroe Islands, 14th June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Faroe Islands, 1 (3th J une ( H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
5. Faroe Islands, 23rd June ( H. C. M. ,
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 23rd June (H. C. M.
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Faroe Islands, 23rd May (Hargitt
Coll.).
5. Faroe Islands, 12th June (Hargitt
Coll.).
4. St. Kilda, 8th June.
6. Grainshore, Orkney Islands, 27th
May (J. R. Gunn).
5. Grainshore, 8th June (J. R. G.}.
3. Fame Islands.
5. Fame Islands, 28th May.
4. Fame Islands, 3rd June.
5. Fame Islands, 19th June.
6. Fame Islands, 19th June.
5. Fame Islands, 19th June.
4. Fame Islands, 19th June.
4. Fame Islands, 19th June.
3. Fame Islands, 27th May
(Tristram Coll.}.
6. Fame Islands.
4. Coquet Island, Northumberland,
16th June.
4. Coquet Island, 16th June.
5. Coquet Island, 16th June.
3. Freshwater, Isle of Wight.
3. Alum Bay, Isle of Wight.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
J. Steele Elliott, Esq. [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Gould Coll.
ANTHUS.
107
4. Near Portland Liarlithouse, Dorset, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1st May (H. Elliott}. [P.].
4. South \Vales. May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Bishop's I., South Wales. W. Uadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Co. Waterford, Ireland, 20lh May Seebohm Coll.
(R. J. Ussher).
4. Co. Mayo, 1st June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Anthus rupestris, Nilsson.
Authus rupestris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 11, a-c
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 35. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 268, pi. 58 A. tig. 15 (1896) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 150 (1906).
Anthus obscurus, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 343 (1877) [part.] ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 599 (1885) [part.].
Anthus spinoletta littoralis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 284
(1905).
The eggs of the Scandinavian Rock-Pipit do not differ in any
respect from those of its close ally, A. obscurus.
5. Varanger Fjord, Norway, 16th June Seebohm Coll.
(Nordyi).
5. Skaarholmen, Smolen Island, Nor- Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
way, 28th May.
Anthus furcatus, Lafr. $ d'Orb.
(Plate V. fig. 18.)
Anthus furcatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 605 (1885) ; Sclater 8f
Hudson, Argent. Orn. i. p. 19 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 92
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 150 (1906).
Three eggs of the Fork-tailed Pipit are much like those of
A. spipoletta in colour and markings, but are of a somewhat longer
oval shape. They measure respectively : 8-9 by -6 : -87 by -61 ;
•88 by -59.
3. Patagonia. Purchased.
Anthus correndera, Vieill.
(Plate V. figs. 19 & 20.)
Anthus correndera, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 153; Hudson, P. Z. S. 1873,
p. 771; Scl. Zool. ' Challenger' Exped. ii. pt, viii. p. 150 (1880) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 610 (1885) ; Scl. $ Huds. Argent.
Orn. i. p. 17 (1888) ; James, New List Chilian Birds, p. 1 (1892) ;
Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 195 ; Aplin, Ibis, 1894, p. 163, pi. v. fig. 1 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml, p. 93 (1899) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv.
p. 202 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 150 (1906).
The eggs of the Cachila Pipit are in most instances inseparable
108
MOTACILLID^!.
from those of A. obscurus, but there appear to be some types which
do not occur among the eggs of that species. Examples from
Uruguay are greyish-white, speckled with pale yellowish-brown
and lavender ; while those from the Argentine Republic are cream-
colour, speckled and blotched with brown and lavender, quite
half of the ground-colour remaining visible. Specimens measure
from -76 to '95 in length, and from *58 to *69 in breadth.
2. Uruguay.
3. Argentine Republic, Sept.
3. Argentine Republic, Sept.
2. Buenos Ayres (with an egg of
Molothrus bonariensis) .
1. Central Chile, Oct.
1. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott:
Tristram Coll.}.
1. Falkland Islands ( C. C. A.\
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.).
1. Falkland Islands.
2. Falkland Islands. Nov.
3. Falkland Islands', 29th Nov.
2. Port Stanley, Falkland Islands.
O. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.].
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.
A. H. Holland, Esq. [0.1
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.
Berkeley James Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger.'
McCormick Bequest.
McCormick Bequest.
Rev. T. W. Huthwaite [P.].
Anthus gustavi, Swinh.
(Plate Y. figs. 22 & 23.)
Anthus seebohmi, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 295 (1875) ; Seebohm fy
Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1870, p. 120.
Anthus gustavi, Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 341; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 613 (1885); Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 398 (1891);
Popham, Ibis, 1898, p. 500 ; Dresser. Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 217
(1U02); Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 274 (1905); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 151 (1906).
The eggs of the Petchora Pipit are of a narrow pointed oval
shape and but very slightly glossy. The clutches in the Collection
vary considerably. The eggs of two clutches are cream-colour,
profusely mottled with brown, to such an extent that in some
specimens hardly any portion of the ground-colour is visible. The
markings form a confluent cap at the broad end. The eggs of a
third clutch are pale greyish- or purplish-white, very evenly
blotched all over with purplish-brown and lavender. Specimens
measure from '8 to '9 in length, and from '57 to '6 in breadth.
3. Petchora River, 29th June.
1. Alexievka, Petchora Delta, 26th
J une (H. Seebohm 8f J. A. Harvie-
Brown).
5. Alexievka, 26th June (H. S. $
J. A. H.-B.).
5. Alexievka, 26th June (H. S. $
J. A. H.-B.).
4. Yenesei River, Lat. 70£° N., 3rd
July (H. Seebohm).
W. Radcliffe Saunders,
[P.].
Crowiey Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
109
Anthus australis. Vicj. $ Horsf.
Anthus australis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxv. fig. 12 (1845-54) ;
Gould, Handb. Birds Ausfr. i. p. 392 (1865) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. x. p. 615 (1885) ; North, Nests Se Eyg* Austr. Birds, p. 158
(1889); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersnmml. p. 93 (1>99) ; Campbell, Nests $
Eijfjs Auttr. Birds, i. p. 459 pi. 15 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v.
p. 151 (1906).
The eggs of the Australian Pipit are of a regular oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are greyish-white, densely mottled with
brown and lavender. Specimens measure from -86 to '91 in length,
and from -6 to '68 in breadth.
Dawson River, Queensland, 19th
Sept. (North Coll.).
Moreton Bay.
Moreton Bay.
New South Wales.
Dobroyd, N.S.W., Oct. (E. P.
Ramsay: Tristram Coll.}.
Canterbury, N.S.W., 14th Oct.
Albert Park, Melbourne, Victoria.
South Australia.
South Australia.
Tasmania.
Tasmania (.7. Gould; Tristram Coll.}.
Australia.
Crowley Bequest,
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Carter Coll.
Anthus novae-zealandiae (Gmel.}.
(Plate Y. figs. 16 & 17.)
Anthus novae-zealandiae, Potts, Trans. New Zeal. Imst. ii. p. 61 (1869) ;
iii. p. 76 (1870) ; Sfiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 616 (1885) ;
Buller, Birds New Zeal. 2nd ed. i. p. 63 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 93 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 151 (1906).
Eggs of the New Zealand Pipit are of an ordinary oval shape
and rather highly glossy. They are greyish-white, profusely
mottled or spotted with brown, especially round the broad end,
where a wide confluent zone is sometimes formed. They measure
from -88 to -92 in length, and from -62 to -69 in breadth.
1. Christchurch, New Zealand.
2. Otago (Crowfoot).
1. Otago, 1st Nov. (Seymour}.
1. Otago, 19th Dec. (Seymour}.
Capt. R. Snow [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Anthus steindachneri, Reischek.
Anthus steindachneri, Reischek, Tr. N. Z. Inst. xxi.p. 388 (1889) ; Sharpe
Bull. B. O. C. xiii. no. xcvii. p. 59 (1903) ; id. Hand-l. v. p. 151 (1906)'.
Two eggs of the Antipodes Island Pipit, in a very broken con-
dition, appear to have been of a rather long oval shape and are very
slightly glossed. The ground-colour is greyish-white, finely mottled
110 MOTACILLID^l.
and clouded all over with greyish-brown ; one of the eggs has a
dark hair-line at the larger end.
2. Antipodes I., New Zealand. Lt. Kennett Dixon, R.N. [P.].
Genus OREOCORYS, Sharpe.
Oreocorys sylvanus (Hodgs.}.
(Plate VI. figs. 2 & 3.)
Oreocorys sylvanus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. x. p. 622 (1885) ; Oates,
fauna Brit. Ind., Birch, ii. p. 313 (1890) ; id., e.d. Hume, Nests fy
Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 217 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 152 (1906;.
The eggs of the Upland Pipit are of abroad oval shape and moderately
glossy. They are purplish- white, profusely speckled and spotted with
reddish- or purplish-brown and underlying dark purplish-grey or
lavender. The markings, though dense everywhere, are very
crowded together at the broad end and form a confluent cap or
zone. Specimens measure from -82 to '98 in length, and from -63
to '72 in breadth.
9. Kotgarh, Himalayas (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 2nd April (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 4th May (A. O.H.}. Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 6th May (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
8. Kotgarh, 15th May (A. O. If.). Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 26th May (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
2. Kotgarh, 29th May (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Kotgarh, 3rd June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
4. Kotgarh, 4th June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 15th May (A. O. II. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus MACRONYX, Swains.
Macronyx capensis, Linn.
(Plate VI. figs. 1 & 4.)
Macronyx capensis, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 530 (1875-84);
Butler, Feilden 8f Reid, Zool 1882, p. 335 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 623 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 93 (1899) ; Stark,
Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 238 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 2
(1902) ; Sharps, Hand-L v. p. 153 (1906).
The eggs of the Cape Long-clawed Pipit are of a very blunt oval
shape and slightly glossy. The eggs of one clutch in the Collection
are cream-colour, profusely mottled and streaked all over with
lilac-red and pale lavender. Those of two other clutches are dull
white, spotted and blotched with pale brown and underlying dull
purple. They measure from *U2 to I'O in length, and from '68 to
•72 in breadth.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.]
3. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.J.
2. Ladysmith, Natal, Nov. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
9. Transvaal (T. Ayres: TristramColL). Crowley Bequest.
2. Johannesburg, Transvaal, Dec. C. C. Roberts, Esq. [P.].
ALAUDIDJR. Ill
Macronyx croceus (VieilL).
(Plate VI. figs. 5 & 8.)
Macronyx cvoceus, Gurnet/, Ibis, I860, p. 208; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
x. p. 626 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Viersawml. p. 93 (1899); Stark,
Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 239 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 4
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 153 (1906).
Macronyx striolatus, Sharpe, ed. Layard. Birds S. Africa, p. 532
(1875-84)
The eggs of the Yellow-bellied Long-clawed Pipit are of a blunt
oval shape and moderately glossy. The eggs of one clutch are
white, thickly marked all over with spots and small blotches of
reddish-brown and pale purplish-grey. Other eggs are similarly
marked, but with pale brown and lavender. Two other examples
are greyish-white, rather sparingly freckled and blotched with pale
rufous and lavender. They measure from '93 to 1-02 in length,
and from '68 to -75 in breadth.
3. Natal. Old Collection.
2. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [0.].
Family ALAUDID.E.
Genus CERTHILAUDA, Swains.
Certhilauda capensis (Bodd. ).
(Plate VI. figs. 6 & 7.)
Alauda capensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. p. 387, tab. xxvi. fig. 11
(1845-54).
Alauda africana, Thien. torn. cit. p. 379, tab. xxvi. fig. 13.
Certhilauda capensis, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 494 (1875-
84) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 514 (1890) ; Stark, Faun.
S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 233 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 28 (1902) :
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 154 (1906).
Eggs of the Cape Long-billed Lark are of a blunt oval form and
very slightly glossy. They are variable in colour. Eour specimens,
taken by Layard, are cream-colour or whitish, densely mottled and
spotted with brown and underlying lavender. Eour examples from
the Gould Collection are also cream-colour, but marbled all over with
very faint brown and pale grey. Eight eggs vary from '83 to -96
in length, and from *64 to '68 in breadth.
4. South Africa. Gould Coll.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
2. South Africa (E. L. Layard}. Crowley Bequest.
112 ALAUDIDJE.
Certhilauda albofasciata, Lafr.
(Plate VI. figs. 10 & 12.)
Certhilauda rufula, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Afr. p. 496 (1875-84) ;
Butler, Feilden # Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 297 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 515 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 132 (1899) ; Stark.
Faun. S. Afr., Birds, \. p. 234 (1900).
Certhilauda albofasciata, Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 22 (1902) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 154 (1906).
Eggs of the Rufous Long-billed Lark are of a pointed or blunt
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are usually dull white or
greenish-white, more or less densely speckled all over with
yellowish-brown and purplish-grey. One egg is dull white,
blotched with lavender and brownish-yellow. Two eggs taken at
Maribogo are creamy-white, densely spotted with yellowish -brown,
the spots forming a wide yellowish-brown zone round the larger
end. They measure from -74 to -84 in length, and from -55 to '6
in breadth.
3. Newcastle, Natal. Capt. Savile G. Reid [0.].
2. Newcastle, 16th Oct. Major R. Sparrow [P.J.
3. Ino-agagrie River, near Newcastle, Cro'wley Bequest.
27th Sept. (E. A. Butler}.
2. Maribogo, 50 miles N. of Vryburg, R. B. Woosnam, Esq. fC.l.
O.R.C., 3rd April.
2. Bloemfontein, O.R.C., 3rd Sept. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.I
2. Bloemfontein, O.R.C., 27th Sept. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.J.
2. Kroonstad, O.R.C., 18th Nov. Major R. Sparrow [P.I
2. Rietfontein, O.R.C., llth Aug. Major R.. Sparrow [P.J.
1. Potchefstroom, Transvaal ( T. Ay res : Ci owley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
Genus AUEMON, Keys. $ Blasivs.
Alaemon alaudipes (Desf.).
(Plate VI. figs. 9 & 11.)
Alauda desertorum, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvi. fig. 12, a, b
(1845-54).
Certhilauda desertorum, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 427 ; Loche, Expl. Sci.
Alger., Ois. ii. p. 43 (1867) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 275 (1874).
Alauda bifasciata, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 105, pi. (1875).
Certhilauda alaudipes, Dresser, torn. cit. p. 273 (1881) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. iii. p. 19 (1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 375
(1902).
Alajmon alaudipes, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 518 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 132 (1899); Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 241
(1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 154 (1906).
Four eggs of the Western Desert-Lark, or Bifasciated Lark, are
of an ordinary oval form and entirely devoid of gloss. They are
greyish-white, spotted and blotched, more densely at the broad end
than elsewhere, with pale olive-brown and pale purplish-grey.
AL^MOtf. CHERSOPniLUS.
113
In one specimen the blotches of yellowish-brown are very large.
They measure respectively 1'04 by '12 and 1*1 by '75.
1. Algeria (Locke).
1. El Aghouat, Algeria, April (Locke :
Tristram Coll.).
2. South of El Aghouat, April (Dr.
Rebond: Tristram Coll.).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll. &
Crowley Bequest.
Alaemon pallida (Blyth).
(Plate VI. fig. 13.)
Alsemon desertorum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 519 (1890)
[part.]; Oates, Fauna Brit. Lid., Birds, ii. p. 318 (1890); id.,
ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 219 (1890).
Alsemon pallida, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 155 (1906).
Two eggs of the Eastern Desert-Lark are of the same shape as
those of A. alaudipes, but have an appreciable amount of gloss.
One specimen is very pale greenish-white, spotted and blotched
with pale olive-brown and dark purplish-grey. The other is also
greenish-white, but is thickly mottled with olive-brown, not
blotched as in the first specimen, and the underlying purplish-grey
markings are few and inconspicuous. They measure respectively :
1-02 by 74; -98 by -71.
2. Jask. Persian Gulf, 15th April
(Ffinch).
Hume Coll.
Alaemon damarensis, Sharpe.
(Plate VI. fig. 14.)
Alsemon damarensis, Sharpe. Ibis, 1904. p. 361 ; id.. Hand-l. v. p. 155
(1906).
Two eggs of the Damaraland Desert-Lark are of a rather broad
and slightly-pointed oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They
are dull white, with fine spots and small blotches of yellowish-
brown and lavender-grey scattered all over the shell, but most
numerous towards the larger end. They measure respectively
•97 by -7 and -92 by -71.
2. Otjimbinque, Damaraland (C. J.
Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
Crowley Bequest.
Genus CHERSOPHILUS, Sharpe.
Chersophilus duponti ( Vieill.'}.
(Plate VI. fig. 15.)
Certhilauda duponti, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 427 ; Loche, Expl. Sci.
Alger., Ois. ii. p. 42 (1867) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 279 (1873) j
id., Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 376 (1902).
VOL. V. I
114 ALAUDID^E.
Alauda dupontii, Brce, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 109, pi. (1875).
Chersophilus duponti, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 526 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 132 (1899) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i.
p. 245 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 156 (1906).
Chersophilus duponti duponti, Hartert, V6g. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 252
(1905).
Chersophilus duponti margaritse, Hartert, t. c. p. 253 (1905).
Eggs of Dupont's Lark are of a rather broad, slightly-pointed, oval
shape and are somewhat glossy. The ground-colour varies from
white or greenish- white to pale buff, and is spotted and blotched,
sometimes densely, with yellowish-brown and dull lavender-grey.
The markings, as a rule, are heaviest towards the larger end, where
they occasionally form a more or less irregular zone. They measure
from -91 to '97 in length, and from -66 to '7 in breadth.
1. Algeria (Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. South of El Afi-houat, April (Dr. Crowley Bequest.
Rebond: Tristram Coll.).
1. Between El Aghouat and Bishon Crowley Bequest.
(Loche : Tristram Coll.).
1. Nagab (Loche : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Kasrin, Tunis, 4th June. W. Radclift'e Saimders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Sfax, S. Tunis, April ( V. Bogo : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. Ain bon Dries, 27th May (P. Crowley Bequest.
Spate).
Genus EHAMPHOCORYS, Bonap.
Rhamphocorys clot-bey (Bonap.).
(Plate VI. fig. 16.)
Rhamphocorys clot-bey, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 383 (1873) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 527 (1890) ; Koeniff, J. f. O. 1895, p. 263,
pi. xiv. ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 377 (1902) ; Whitaker,
Birds Tunis, i. p. 287 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 156 (1906).
Tour eggs of the Thick -billed Lark are of a very broad pointed
oval shape and distinctly glossy. The ground-colour is greenish-
»white, spotted and blotched all over with yellowish-brown and dull
lavender-grey. They measure respectively : *91 by *72 ; *94 by -71 ;
•97 by -74; -98 by '75.
4. Algeria, 21st April (P. Spatz). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq. [P.].
Genus OTOCORYS, Bonap.
Otocorys alpestris (Linn.).
(Plate VI. figs. 17 & 19.)
Eremophila alpestris, Baird, Breiver $ Ridgw. N. Amcr. Birds, ii. p. 141
(1874).
Otocovys alpestris, Bend>re, Life-Hist. N. Amcr. Birds, ii. p. 330 (1895) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 157 (1906).
OTOCORYS.
115
Otocoris alpestris alpestris, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 807
(1902).
Eremophtla alpestris alpestris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 255
(1905).
Eggs of the Horned Lark are of a pointed oval shape and are
distinctly glossy. They are greenish- white, profusely freckled all
over with greenish-grey or pale olive-brown, with traces of pale
lavender underlying the other markings. Some specimens exhibit
a few black specks and fine lines on the broad end. The markings
are often very dense at this end, and form a well-defined confluent
zone. Specimens measure from -86 to '98 in length, and from '6
to -68 in breadth.
2. Greenland (Tristram Coll.}.
2. North America (Smiths. List.}.
2. Labrador.
6. Labrador (Bidtcell Coll.}.
2. Repulse Bay, Arctic America.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowlev Bequest.
Dr. J. Rae [P.].
Otocorys flava (Gmel.\
Alauda alpestris, Thien. Fortnflanz. ges. Vog. p. 385, tab. xxvi. fig. 3, a-d
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, \. p. 178*, pi. xlv.*
(1856) ; Wheelwright, Spring > Summer in Lapl. p. 290 (1871) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 284, pi. 15 (1884); id., Eggs of Brit.
Birds, p. 259, pi. 58. fig. "15 (1896) ; Key, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop.
p. 252, pi. 35. furs. 9-12 (1900).
Phileremos alpestris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 1 (1855-63) .
Otocorys alpestris, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 387 (1874) [part.] ; Seehohm,
Ibis, 1878, p. 341 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 541 (1890)
[part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 133 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i.p. 378 (1902).
Otocoris alpestris flava, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 810
(1902).
Eremophila alpestris flava, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 255
(1905).
Otocorys alpestris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 157 (1906) [pt.].
Eggs of the European Horned Lark are indistinguishable from
those of the typical North-American form, 0. alpestris, both in
colour and size. They measure from -85 to 1-03 in length, and
from '6 to "65 in breadth.
1. Norway (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Varanger Fjord, Norway, 3rd June
(R. Colleit).
4. Varanger Fjord, 24tli June (Nordvi}.
4. Varanger Fjord, 30th June (Meves).
4. Varanger Fjord, 15th June.
3. Vadso, 25th June.
4. Vadso, 15th June.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliiie Saunders, Esq.
DP.}
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
i2
116
ALAUDIDJE.
1. Nyborg-, Lapland, 7th June (Pastor Salvin-Goclman Coll.
Sommerfelt).
3. Tornea, Lapland, 19th June.
4. Tornea, 20th June.
5. Tornea, 23rd June.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
IP.}.
W. Hadcliife Sauuders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.l.
Crowley Bequest.
2. Quickiock, Norway (H. Wheel-
ivright).
2. Yenesei River, Siberia, Lat.7H°N., Seebohm Coll.
June (H. Seebohm}.
3. Novaya Zemlya, 15th July (Korn). W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Otocorys Mlopha (Temm.').
Otocorys bilopha, SJiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 537 (1890) ; Whitaker,
Birds Tunis, i. p 291 (1905) ; Skarpe, Hand-l v. p. 158 (1906).
Otocoris bilopha, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 873 (1902).
Eremophila alpestris bilopha, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 257
(1905).
Eggs of the Desert Horned Lark resemble those of 0. alpestris,
but are rather more strongly marked than in average specimens of
that species. One egg has the markings yellowish-brown, forming
a zone of confluent blotches round the larger end. In the other
three eggs the markings are olive-brown ; in two they are evenly
distributed over the whole shell, but in the third they form a rather
dense cap at the larger end. They measure respectively : -94 by -67 ;
•95 by -68 ; -96 by -66 ; -99 by -68.
4. Syria, 16th April.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Otocorys brandti, Dresser.
(Plate YI. fig. 18.)
Otocorys brandti, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 536 (1890) ; NeJirk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 133 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 158 (1906).
Otocoris longirostris sibirica, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 872
(1902).
Eremophila alpestris brandti, Hartert. Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 257
(1905).
The eggs of Brandt's Horned Lark are somewhat smaller than
those of 0. elwesi, but do not otherwise appear to differ. Three
examples measure respectively : -88 by -63 ; -9 by -62 ; -85 by '62.
3. Altai Mountains, Central Asia.
2. Altai Mountains (Nchrkom Coll.'j.
2. Altai Mountains, 20th April.
St.GeorgeLittledale,Esq.!~P.J.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
OTOCORYS. 117
Otocorys elwesi, Blanf.
Otocorys elwesi, SJiarpe, Git. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 534 (1890) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Bird*, ii. p. 321 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Etjfjs
2nd. Birds, ii. p. 220 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 158 (1906).
Otocoris longirostns elwesi, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 8C8
(1902).
Eremophila alpestris elwesi, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 260
(1905).
The eggs of Elwes's Horned Lark in the Collection are of a blunt
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are greyish-white, pro-
fusely mottled with pale olive-brown and underlying pale purplish-
grey. They measure respectively : *9 by '65 ; '9 by '67.
2. Native Sikhim, 20th June Hume Coll.
(L. Mandelli}.
Otocorys penicillata (Gould).
Otocorys penicillata, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 395 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 530 (1890) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 319 (1890) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 381 (1902) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. y. p. 159 (1906).
Otocoris penicillata penicillata, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv.
p. 874 (1902).
Eremophila alpestris penicillata. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 261
(1905).
The eggs of the Eastern, or Gould's, Horned Lark are of a pointed
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are greenish- white, pro-
fusely mottled with greenish-grey and underlying grey or pale
lavender. The markings are dense everywhere, but they are more
so at the broad end, where they form either a slight cap or an
irregular zone. Five examples measure from '9 to '94 in length,
and from '66 to *7 in breadth.
5. South-east Russia (H. F. Moschler). Seebohm Coll.
Otocorys balcanica, Eeichenow.
Otocoris penicillata balcanica, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv.
p. 876 (1902).
Eremophila alpestris balcanica, Hartert) Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii.
p. 262 (1905).
Otocorys balcanica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 159 (1906).
Three eggs of the Balkan Horned Lark closely resemble those of
0. elwesi described above, but are of a rather longer oval shape.
The ground-colour is whitish densely mottled and freckled with
olive-brown and greyish. They measure respectively : '91 by '67 ;
•95 by -68 ; -97 by -67.
3. Servia, 27th May (O. Reiser). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
118 ALATTDHLE.
Otocorys albigula, Bonap.
Eremophila alpestris albigula, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii.
p. 262 (1905).
Otocorys albigula, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 159 (1906).
Six eggs of the Transcaspian Horned Lark are of a pointed oval
form and glossy. They vary somewhat in appearance : four have
the ground-colour greenish-white, thickly mottled all over with
olive-brown and grey, the markings being most numerous round
the larger end, where they form a more or less denned zone, while
one has also well-defined black hair-lines on the larger end. A
fifth specimen has the ground-colour dull yellowish-white, the
markings fewer and often in the form of blotches, while in the
sixth specimen the whole surface is thickly but indistinctly mottled
with fine speckles of brown and grey. They measure respectively :
•89 by -62 ; -9 by -66 ; -95 by -68 ; (2) -98 by -69 ; -99 by -68.
4. Issik Kul, Turkestan, 7th May. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Askabad, North Persia, 26th May. Crowley Bequest.
Otocorys bicornis, Brehm.
Otocorys penicillata, Tristram (nee Gould], Ibis, 1866, p. 288.
Otocoris penicillata bicornis, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 878
(1902).
Eremophila alpestris bicornis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 263
(1905).
Otocorys bicornis, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 159 (1906).
An egg of the Palestine Horned Lark closely resembles those of
0. penicillata described above, but is rather larger and not quite so
heavily marked. It measures 1/0 by *68.
1. Pass above Cedars of Lebanon, Crowley Bequest.
Palestine, 24th May (J. H. Coch-
rane : Tristram Coll.).
Otocorys leucolaema (Coues).
Otocoris alpestris leucolaema, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv.
p. 820 (1902).
Otocorys leucolaema, Sharpe, JZand-l. v. p. 159 (1906).
Four eggs of the Desert Horned Lark are perfectly similar to the
first pair of 0. praticola described below, having a greenish ground
densely and finely mottled, especially r6und the larger end, with
olive-brown and grey. They measure respectively : -84 by '6 ;
(2) -85 by -6 ; -86 by -6.
4. Lawrence, Kansas, 25th April. "W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
OTOCORYS. 119
Otocorys praticola, Hensh.
Otocoris alpestris pratincola, Olerholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv.
p. 82o (11)02).
Otocorys praticola, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 160 (1906).
Four eggs of the Prairie Horned Lark are of a poiuted oval form
and arc slightly glossy. They vary both in size and in markings :
the two from Winnebago are smaller and have the ground-colour
greenish-white thickly mottled all over with yellowish-brown and
grey ; while, of the two from Mount Carroll, one has the ground-
colour greenish-white marked with olive-brown and grey, the
markings being mostly concentrated in a heavy confluent ring
round the larger end, and in the second the ground-colour is
whitish, densely and finely marked all over with light brown and
lilac, forming an indistinct zone round the larger end. Three
eggs measure respectively : -88 by -58 ; '93 by -63 ; '95 by '67.
'2. Winnebago, Illinois, oth June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(J. W. Tohnan: Henshaw Coll.}.
2. Mount Carmell, Illinois (Smiths. Crowley Bequest.
Inst.: Tristram Coll.).
Otocorys giraudi, Hensh.
Otocoris alpestris giraudi, Olerholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mns. xxiv.
p. 831 (1902).
Otocorys giraudi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 160 (1906).
Four eggs of the Texan Horned Lark are very similar to those
of 0. leucolcema, but are rather smaller and of a more blunt oval
form. In one example many of the markings take the form of
blotches, and two examples have black specks or hair-lines across
the larger end. They measure respectively : '77 by '58 ; '78 by
•6 ; -81 by -58 ; -82 by '58.
4. Texas, 30th April. W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Otocorys insularis, Toivns.
Otocoris alpestris insularis, Townsend, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xiii. p. 140
(1890) ; Bendire, Life- Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 347 (1895) ;
Oberholser, P. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 839 (1902).
Otocorys insularis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 160 (1906).
The eggs of Townsend's Horned Lark resemble those of 0. peni-
ciUata and present the same greenish aspect. They measure from
•78 to '85 in length, and from '6 to *62 in breadth.
1 . Sta. Cruz Island, California, 6th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(Henshaw Coll.}.
4. San Miguel Island, California, 20th Salvin-Godman Coll.
May (R. H. Beck).
120 ALAUDID2E.
Otocorys actia, Oberholser.
Otocoris alpestris actia, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 845
(1902).
Otocorys actia, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 160 (1906).
Four eggs of the Californian Horned Lark are perfectly similar
to those of 0. leucolcema described above. In three examples
the markings are olive-brown, in the fourth they are greenish-
brown. They measure respectively : -80 by -61*; -83 by *59 ;
•84 by -59 ; -88 by -60.
4. San Diego, California, 22nd July W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(E. Skives}. [P.].
Otocorys rubea, Hensh.
Otocoris alpestris rubea, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p. 851
(1902).
Otocorys rubea, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 133 (1899) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l. v. p. 161 (1906).
Two eggs of the Euddy Horned Lark are of a wide, somewhat
pointed oval form and moderately glossy. The ground-colour is
pale greenish-white, densely spotted with olive-brown and grey,
the larger end being marked with rather faint black specks and
hair-lines. They measure respectively : '86 by -64 ; -86 by -67.
2. Los Angeles, California. W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
Otocorys occidentalis (McOall).
(Plate VI. fig. 20.)
Otocoris alpestris occidentalis, Oberholser. P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv.
p. 855 (1902).
Otocorys occidentalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 161 (1906).
Four eggs of the Central New-Mexican Horned Lark are very
similar to those of the allied species described above, having the
ground-colour pale greenish-white, with olive-brown or greenish-
brown and lavender-grey markings, which form a more or less
distinct zone round the larger end. They measure respectively •
(2) -85 by -6 ; -86 by -58; -88 by -6.
4. Socorro, New Mexico, May. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Otocorys strigata, Hensh.
Otocoris alpestris strigata, Oberholser, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xxiv. p 837
(1902).
Otocorys strigata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 161 (1906).
Four eggs of the Streaked Horned Lark differ somewhat from
the above : in two the ground-colour is pale greenish- white, rather
MELANOCORTPHA.
121
boldly marked and blotched all over the shell with olive-brown and
pale lavender-grey ; in the other two the blotches are greyish-
brown, and present a more marbled appearance. They measure
respectively : -81 by -59 ; -86 by -6 ; '87 by -63 ; -88 by -65.
4. Portland, Oregon, June.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus MELANOCORYPHA, Boie.
Melanocorypha calandra (Linn.).
Alauda calaudra, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 381, tab. xxvi. fig. 5, a-d
(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 12(5, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 258, pi. 58. tig. 16 (1896) ; Reu, Eier Vog.
Mitteleurap. p. 253, pi. 36. figs. 23-27 (1900).
Melanocorypha calandra, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 6 (1855-
63); Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 315; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 217;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 365 (1871) ; Danford, Ibis, 1878, p. 21 ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 551 ' (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 133 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 382
(1902) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 285 (1905) ; Sharpe. Hand-l.
v. p. 162 (1906).
Melanocorypha calandra calandra, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun, pt. ii. p. 208
(1904).
The eggs of the Calandra Lark vary from a pointed to a blunt
oval form and are sometimes very glossy. They vary in ground-
colour from greyish-white to very pale greenish- or olive-white, and
are marked with rather coarse spots and blotches of olive-brown
and umber-brown, together with underlying blotches and smears of
purplish-grey or pale lavender. The markings are, as a rule, dense
all over the shell, especially on the broad end, where they often
run into each other and form an imperfect cap ; but three examples
from Dinos, Albania, present a rather different type of coloration,
being sparingly marked with pale reddish-brown and lavender.
Numerous specimens measure from '86 to 1'05 in length, and from
•68 to -78 in breadth.
4. Spain, 2nd June (Bidwett Coll.}.
2. Spain, llth June (H. Saunders:
Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Malaga, Spain, 3rd June (H. S.).
3. Seville, Spain, 23rd April (H. S.).
2. Seville, May (H. S.}.
4. Seville, 14th May (H. S.).
4. Seville, 14th May (H. S.).
1. Dalmatia.
4. Cemasko, Montenegro, May.
3. Dinos, Albania, 23rd June (O.
Reiser}.
6. Dinos, 23rd J une ( 0. R. ) .
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Tliienemann Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Eadcliffe Saunders. Esq
PP.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
122
ALAUDTD.E.
4 . Ernazemlja, Albania. 13th May
(O. 12.).
3. Greece, 24th June (Bidwell Coll.).
2. Athens, 28th May (T. Kriiper}.
2. Athens, 1st June (T. K.).
2. Kustendji, Turkey (Dr. Cullen:
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Asia Minor, 12th May (C. G.
Danford).
4. Tunis.
4. Djebel Drer, Tunis, 3rd May
(P. Spatz).
1. Aiu Beida, Algeria, 4th May
(O. Salvin).
3. Ain Beida, May (O. S.).
3. Ain Beida, May (O. S.).
4. Ain Beida, May (O. S.).
4. Ain Beida, May (O. S.).
1. Ain Beida, 17th May (W. H.
Simpson: Tristram Coll.).
4. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 18th May
(Tristram Coll}.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Seebobm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
L. Eraser, Esq. [C.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Cull.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Melanocorypha Mmaculata (Menetr.).
(Plate VI. fig. 21.)
Melanocorypha bimaculata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 555 (1890) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 384 (1902) ; Witherby, Ibis, 3903,
p. 526 ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 210 (1904) ; Sharpe f
Hand-l v. p. 163 (1906).
Eour eggs of the Eastern Calandra Lark are of a rather long
oval shape and moderately glossy. The ground-colour is greyish-
white, densely and evenly covered with small blotches and
markings of olive-brown and lavender-grey. They measure
respectively : -96 by '68 ; -98 by -66 ; -99 by -68 ; 1-0 by '68.
4. Kuldja, Mongolia, 28th April.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
Melanocorypha sibirica (Gmel).
Melanocorypha leucoptera, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 7
Alauda sibirica, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 130, pi. (1875) ;
Seebohm^ Brit. Birds, ii. p. 279, pi. 15 (1884) ; id., Eggs of Brit. Birds,
p. 257, pi. 58. fig. 13 (1896) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 255,
pi. 36. tigs. 6-9 ('1900).
Melanocorypha sibirica, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 373 (1873) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 557 (1890); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 133 (1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 385 (1902);
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 211 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 163 (1906).
Eggs of the "White-winged Lark are smaller than those of
MELANOCORYPIIA.
123
M. cttlamlra, but do not otherwise differ from them. They
measure from '9 to -95 in length, and from -61 to -08 in breadth.
1. Kazan, East Roumelia (Evers-
mann : Tristram Coll.}.
2. Russia.
4. S. Russia.
4. S. Russia.
4. S. Russia, 30th April.
4. Kherson, S. Russia, 18th May.
4. Lower Volga, S.E. Russia, 13th
May (Bidwell Coll.).
4. Lower Volga, 21st May (Bidwell
Coll.).
3. Sarepta, S.E. Russia (Bidwell
Coll.).
4. Sarepta (Bidwell Coll.).
4. Sarepta, 22nd April.
4. Sarepta (H. F. Moschler).
4. Sarepta (H. F. M.}.
2. Altai Mountains, 7th May.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W". Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Melanocorypha mongolica (Pall.).
(Plate VII. fig. 1.)
Melanocorypha mong-olica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 558 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 133 (1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 385 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 212 (1904) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 163 (1906).
Two eggs of the Mongolian Calandra Lark are similar to those
of M. calandra, but the specimen figured has a rather more
greenish appearance than any example of the latter in the Col-
lection. They measure respectively *94 by *72 and '97 by *71.
2. Lake Baikal, Siberia, 3rd June. Crowley Bequest.
Melanocorypha yeltoniensis (Forst.).
Alauda tartarica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Von. p. 386, tab. xxvi. fig. 8, a, b
(1845-54).
Melanocorypha yeltoniensis, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 377 (1871) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 559 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 133 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 386 (1902) ;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 213 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 163 (1906).
Alauda tartarica, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 123, pi. (1875).
Alauda yeltoniensis, Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 254, pi. 36. fig. 12
(1900).
Eggs of the Black Lark cannot be distinguished from those of
124
M. calandra. They measure from 1*0 to 1*1 in length, and from
•7 to -72 in breadth.
1. Volga R., S. Russia (Nehrkorn Crowley Beq uest.
Coll.}.
4. Astrakhan (Henke). Seebohm Coll.
2. Kirghiz Steppes, 8th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Irkutsk, S. Siberia, 17th May. Crowley Bequest.
Genus TEPHROCORYS, Sharpe.
Tephrocorys cinerea (Gmel.).
(Plate VII. figs. 2-4.)
Tephrocorys cinerea, Sharpe, ' ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 511
(1875-84) ; Butler, Feilden $ Reid, Zool 1882, p. 302 ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 561 (1890); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 133 (1899) ; Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 222 (1900) ; Shelley,
B. Afr. iii. p. 123 (1902) [part.] ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 164 (1906).
Eggs of the Red-headed Lark are of a regular oval shape and
slightly glossy. They are white or greenish-white, mottled all
over with brown and purplish-grey. They measure from '82 to '9
in length, and from '56 to '62 in breadth.
2. South Africa (E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
4. Newcastle, Natal, 7th Nov. Capt. Savile G. Reid [C.].
1. Newcastle, 9th Nov. (E. A. Crowley Bequest.
Butler).
2. Newcastle, 9th Sept. Major R. Sparrow [P."
2. Newcastle, 30th Oct. Major R. Sparrow [P.
3. Heilbron, O.R.C., Sept. R. B. Woosnam, Esq."[C.J.
2. Bloemfontein, 6th Sept. R. E. Dent, Esq. [C.].
Tephrocorys anderssoni (Tristr.).
(Plate VII. fig. 5.)
Tephrocorys anderssoni, Snarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 564 (1890) ;
Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 224 (1900).
Tephrocorys cinerea, Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 123 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 164 (1906) [part.].
Two eggs of Andersson's Red-capped Lark are of a regular oval
shape and without any gloss. The ground-colour is white, marked
all over with reddish-brown and violet-grey ; in one example all
the markings are small, but in the one figured there are a number
of reddish-brown blotches, especially round the larger end. They
measure respectively '76 by *56 and '76 by *57.
2. Otjimbinque, Damaraland (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
SPIZOCORYS. ALAUDA. 125
Genus SPIZOCORYS, Sundev.
Spizocorys conirostris (Sundev.).
(Plate VII. figa. 8 & 9.)
Spizocorys conirostris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 564 (1890) ;
Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, I p. 220 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \.
p. 106 (1906).
Calandrella conirostris, Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 133 (1902).
Eggs of the Pink-hilled Lark are of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and slightly glossy; the ground-colour is white or pale
greenish-white, spotted all over, especially round the larger end,
with olive-brown and purplish-grey. In four eggs from Wolvehoek
the ground-colour is white and the markings are mostly very fine,
but in the set from Heilbron the ground-colour is pale greenish-
white and the markings are much bolder, many taking the form of
small rounded blotches. They vary from '74 to '8 in length, and
from '51 to '54 in breadth.
3. Heilbron, O.R.C., Nov. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [0.].
2. Wolveho«k, O.R.C., Jan. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [0.1
2. Wolvehoek, 8th Jan. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [0.].
Genus ALAUDA, Linn.
Alauda arvensis, Linn.
Alauda arvensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p 377, tab. xxvi. fig. 1, a-e
(184-5-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. tig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, E;/gs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 176, pi. xlv. fig. i (1856);
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 307 (1871) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii.
p. 266, pi. 15 (1884) ; id., Birds Japan. Emp. p. 118 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B, M. xiii. p. 567 (1890) ; Oaf.es, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds,
ii. p. 324 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nesf,s # Eggs Ind. Birds, ii.
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 166 (1906).
Alauda arvensis arvensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 244 (1905).
Eggs of the Sky-Lark vary from a pointed to a blunt oval form,
but the majority are pointed and a few are pyriform. Many
specimens exhibit a high gloss, others are comparatively dull.
The ground-colour varies from dull white to grey and greenish-
white, and is, as a rule, profusely mottled with various shades of
brown and underlying purplish-grey or pale lavender. The
markings are frequently tinged with olive, and occasionally with
rufous ; and while in some specimens they are evenly spread over
the entire surface of the shell, in others they are disposed more
densely at the broad end and form a cap or zone. Specimens
measure from -85 to T02 in length, and from *61 to -72 in
breadth.
126
ALAUDID2E.
4. England.
2. Laid in confinement, England.
4. Carlisle, Cumberland, 1st June
( T. Peal).
5. Fame Islands, 4th June (Hargitt
Coll).
1. Coquet Island, 16th June (0.
Salvin).
3. Wilstrop, Yorkshire, 27th May
(Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Sheffield, 21st June (H. Seebohm).
4. Sherwood Forest, Notts, June.
5. Cambridgeshire,
4. Cambridgeshire.
5. Cambridgeshire.
7. Cambridge.
3. Burwell Fen, Cambridge, 17th
April (O. Salvin).
4. Sparham, Norfolk, 20th June
(F. Nor gate).
4. Sparham, 20th June (F. N.).
4. Finchley, Middlesex.
4. Faversham, Kent, 14th April.
4. Faversham, 23rd May.
4. Alton, Hants, May.
4. Alton, May.
4. Alton, May.
4. Headley, Hants, 22nd May (H.
Saunders).
4. Bentley, Hants, 13th May (Har-
gittColl).
4. Hythe, Hants, 29th April.
6. Langton, Dorset, 12th June (S. H.
Wallis).
4. Valkenswaard, Holland, 28th May.
3. Halle, Saxony, 20th May.
4. Urbo, Hungary, 2nd June
JR.S.)
W.
Old Collection.
Mrs. E. Bell [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Seebohin Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.I
F. Bond, Esq. [P.I.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Snlvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radclii
[P.].
vl<
Lcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
"W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
3. Shifnal, Shropshire, 26th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Ilockenden, Kent, 5th July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[p.].
Horsemonden, Kent, 10th June.
Alauda liopus, Hodgs.
Alauda arvensis, Oates, ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 220
(1890).
Alauda arvensis subsp. ?, Hartert, For/. Pal. Faun, pt^ iii. p. 247 (1905).
Alauda arvensis, Sharps, Hand- 1. v. p. 160 (1906) [pt.J.
ALAUUA. 127
An egg of Hodgson's Sky-Lark is of a wide, somewhat pointed,
oval form and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is greyish-white,
thickly speckled with olive-brown and lavender-grey ; the markings
being most numerous round the bro id end, where they form an
indistinct zone. It measures '85 by '66.
1. Sooamurg, Kashmir, 2nd May Hume Coll.
(C.It. Cock).
Alauda pekinensis, SwinJi.
(Plate VII. fig. 10.)
Alauda arvensis pekinensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 248
(1905).
Alauda arvensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 166 (1906) [pt.].
Two eggs of the East Siberian Sky-Lark closely resemble the
above in shape. The ground-colour is dull grey or greenish-white,
spotted with umber-brown and lavender-grey, most of the markings
being concentrated round the larger end, where they form a more
or less wide confluent zone. They measure respectively '88 by -GO
and -94 by -65.
1. South Amurland, 20th April. Crowley Bequest.
1. South Amurland, 1st May. Crowley Bequest.
Alauda gulgula, Franld.
(Plate VII. figs. 6 & 7.)
Alauda gulgula, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. xiii. p. 575 (1890) [pt.] ;
~pt.] ; id.,ed. Hume,
Ne*ts$ JEf/ys Ind. Birds, ii. p. 221 (1890) ; NeTirk. Kat. Eiersamml.
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 326 (1890) [pt.] ; id., ed.
p. 133 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 167 (1906).
Alauda gulgula gulgula, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 249 (1905).
Eggs of the Indian Sky-Lark vary in shape from a rounded oval
to a somewhat wide pointed oval and are more or less glossy.
The ground-colour varies from white to greenish-white, and even
to pale buff, and is usually marked all over with either reddish-
brown, olive-brown or greyish-brown, and with lavender-grey ; in
some specimens the markings are very fine and dense, in others
they are less numerous, some taking the form of small blotches,
while in one example most of the markings are concentrated into a
heavy olive-brown zone round the larger end. They vary from
•75 to -85 in length, and from '56 to *64 in breadth.
One clutch of three eggs from Akola presents an altogether
different type of coloration, being of a dull greenish-white, densely
but obscurely mottled all over with greenish-brown and grey ;
they closely resemble the eggs of Calandrella brachydactyla.
7. Sind («/". H. Gould). Gould Coll.
1. Alniorah, Himalayas, llth May Hume Coll.
(W. E. Brooks).
128
ALATTDID^E.
Almorah, 30th May (W. E. B.).
Almorah, 16th June (W. E. B.).
Akola, Berar, 8th Aug. (B.
Aitken).
Akola, 10th Aug. (B. A.).
Belgaum, 17th Sept. (E. A.
Butler).
Pegu, March (E. W. Gates].
Pegu, 17th March (E. W. O.).
Pegu, 29th March (E. W. O.).
Pegu, 28th Dec. (E. W. O.).
Hume Coll
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Gates Coll.
Gates Coll.
Gates Coll.
Alauda guttata, Brooks.
Alauda gulgula guttata, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 249 (1905).
Alauda guttata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 167 (1906).
Four specimens of the Tibetan Sky-Lark closely resemble those of
A. arvensis both in size and appearance. They measure respectively
•81 by 65 ; -83 by -65 ; -88 by -6 ; -88 by -65.
4. Tibet, 20th April.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Alauda australis, Brooks.
(Plate VII. figs. 11-13.)
Alauda gulgula, Legqe (nee Frankl.), Birds Ceylon, p. 630 (1879) ; SJiarpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 575 (1890) [pt.] ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind.
Birds, ii. p. 326 (1890) fpt.l : id., ed. Hume. Nests & Eggs Ind. Birds,
ii. p. 221 (1890) [pt.].
Alauda gulgula australis, Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. iii. p. 249 (1905).
Alauda australis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 167 (1906).
Eggs of the South Indian Sky-Lark resemble those of A. gulgula
and, as in that species, vary considerably in colour and markings.
The ground-colour is white, greyish-white, greenish-white, or pale
buff ; and the surface-markings vary from brown to grey-brown,
yellowish-brown, olive-brown, and lilac-brown. One egg is greenish-
yellow, indistinctly clouded with greyish, another is pinkish-white,
thickly, but obscurely, clouded with lilac-grey. They vary in size
from *78 to '9 in length, and from '58 to *65 in breadth.
1. Niljrhiri Hills, 21st March (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
1. Nilghiri Hills, 13th April (Mm Hume Coll.
Cockburri).
8. Kota^herry, Nilghiri Hills, 6th Hume Coll.
April (Miss Cockburn).
2. Kotagherry, 6th April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
3. Kotagherry, 15th April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Kotagherry, 5th May (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
Al.AUDA. — CAL,\NDlU:i,l.A. 129
1. Kotagherry, 18th Aug. (Mf.xx Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills, 19th May Hume Coll.
( Wait).
1. Mysore. Crowley Bequest.
Alauda japonica, Temm. fy Schl.
Alauda arvensis japonica, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 248
(1905).
Alauda japonica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 167 (1906).
Eggs of the Japanese Sky-Lark closely resemble those of
A. aruensis, of the more finely marked type. They measure from
•80 to -90 in length, and from -62 to -68 in breadth,
4. Near Yokohama, Hondo, Japan Seebohm Coll.
(H. Pryer).
3. Near Yokohama (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Fujiyama, Hondo, 27th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Alauda coelivox, Swinh.
(Plate VII. fig. 14.)
Alauda coelivox, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, p. 132 ; 1863, p. 377 ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 167 (1906).
Alauda gulgula, Grant $ Whitehead (nee Frankl.), Ibis, 1898, p. 244.
Alauda gulgula coelivox, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 249 (1905).
Eggs of the Chinese Sky-Lark resemble those of A. australis, but
in some instances they are more heavily marked witb small blotches.
One of the eggs taken by Whitehead in North-east Luzon has almost
the whole of the markings concentrated into a wide band round the
middle of the shell. They measure from -75 to '88 in length, and
from '59 to '6 in breadth.
2. Amoy, S. China, June (R. Swin- Crowley Bequest.
hoe : Tristram Coll.).
2. Amoy, China (It. S.). Seebohm Coll.
7. Amoy (R. S.}. Seebohm Coll.
8. Formosa (JR. S.). Crowley Bequest.
4. Formosa, 27th March (P. A. Hoist) . Seebohm Coll.
5. Formosa, 28th March (P. A. H.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Province of Isabella, N.E. Luzon, J. Whitehead, Esq. [0.].
Philippines, 25th May.
2. Province of Isabella, 25th May. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Genus CALANDRELLA, Kaup.
Calandrella brachydactyla (Leisler).
Alauda brachydactyla, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 384, tab. xxvi.
fig. 7, a-d (1845-54); Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 181,
pi. xlv. fig. iv (1856) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 274, pi. 15 (1884) ;
VOL. V. V
130
ALAUDID^E.
id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 258, pi. 58. fig. 14 (1896) ; Rey,Eier Vog.
Mitteleurop. p. 259, pi. 35. figs. 1-4 (1900).
Calandrella brachydactyla, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 2
(1855-63); Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 315 ; Sounders, Ibis, 1871, p. 217;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 341 (1873) ; Lilford, Ibis, 1889, p. 324 ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 580 (1890) ; Gates, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Birds, ii. p. 327 (1890) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 393
(1902) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 280 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-L
v. p. 168 (1906).
Calandrella brachvdactyla brachydactyla, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 214 (1904).
Eggs of the Short-toed Lark are generally of a pointed oval shape
and moderately glossy. The ground-colour varies from creamy
white to greenish- or greyish-white, and the markings are of two
types. In one the eggs are profusely mottled with pale brown and
lavender-grey, and the markings are pretty evenly distributed over
the whole shell; in the second, the eggs are marked with rather
distinct spots and blotches of darker brown and pale purplish-grey,
which are larger and more dense at the broad end, where they form
an irregular cap or zone. The general aspect of the eggs of this
Lark is decidedly yellowish. Specimens measure from '75 to *85 in
length, and from -55 to '62 in breadth.
2. [Germany.]
2. Spain, 4th July (H. Saunders}.
5. Malaga, Spain, 3rd June (H. 8.).
4. Malaga, 30th May (H. S. : Hargitt
Coll.}.
3. Colmenar, Spain, May.
4. Mostar, Herzegovina, 24th May
(O. Reiser}.
4. Mostar, 24th May (O. R.}.
5. Greece (T. Kruper).
3*. Albania, 24th May (O. R.).
3*. Albania, 22nd June (O. _K.).
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Eadclifie Saunders, Esq.
[P.-).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Ead
cliffe Saunders. Esq.
P.].
4.
Attica, Greece, 2nd May.
W. Radeliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2.
Athens, Greece, 10th May
Seebohm Coll.
(T. Kruper).
4.
Athens, 23rd Mav (T. K).
Seebohm Coll.
4.
Athens, 23rd May (T. K.).
Seebohm Coll.
4.
Athens, 23rd May (T. K.).
Seebohm Coll.
4.
Athens, 26th Mav (T. K.).
Seebohm Coll.
3.
Parnassus, 12th May (T. K.).
Seebohm Coll.
3.
Mount Hermon, Palestine,
Crowley Bequest.
27th May (H. B. Tristram).
1.
Kedesh, Galilee, 26th May
Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. T.).
3.
Cyprus.
Lord Lilford [P.].
* Two clutches laid by the same
female (fide O. Eeiser).
ALAUDULA. 131
2. Between Cheinora and Kl Tharf, Crowley Bequest.
Algeria, 9th May (//. />'. T.).
2. Ain Beida, Algeria, 7th May Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. T.).
'1. Zana, Algeria (O. Salvin). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, May (O. &). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Ain Djendeli, 6th May (O. 8.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
8. Ain Djendeli (O. &). Salvin-Godniau Coll.
Genus ALAUDULA, Horsf. $ Moore.
Alaudula raytal (Btyth).
(Plate VII. fig. 15.)
Alaudula raytal, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 591 (1890) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 330 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume. Nests $ Eggs
Ltd. Birds, ii. p. 225 (1890) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 169 (1906).
The eggs of the Ganges Sand- Lark are of a blunt oval form and
moderately glossy. They are greyish-white, profusely speckled all
over with yellowish-brown and underlying purplish-grey. Six
specimens measure from -7 to '77 in length, and from '51 to *56 in
breadth.
1. Etawah, N.W. Provinces, India Hume Coll.
(W.E. Brooks).
1. Hoshungabad, Central Provinces, Hume Coll.
1st May (E. C. Nunn).
1. Hoshungabad, 6th May (E. C. N.). Hume Coll.
3. Faridpur, Bengal, 10th April Hume Coll.
(J. R. Cripps).
Alaudula adamsi (Hume).
Alaudula adamsi, Sharpe. Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 592 (1890) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 331 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests &
E<jgs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 226 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 133
(1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 169 (1906).
Four eggs of the Indus Sand-Lark resemble those of A. raytal,
but are larger, and in some specimens the markings are concentrated
round the larger end, and form a more or less marked zone. Four
eggs measure respectively : '76 by -58; '8 by -57; '8 by -58 ; '81 by -6.
1. Jhelum River, Punjab, 20th March Hume Coll.
(C'. B. Cock).
3. Sind. Crowley Bequest.
Alaudula heinei (Homeyer).
Calaudrella pispoletta, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 355 (1873) ; id., Man
1'al. Birds, pt. i. p. 395 (1902).
Alaudula pispoletta, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 587 (1890).
Alauda pispoletta, Rey, Eier Vb'g. Mitteleurop. p. 259, pi. 35. figs. 5-S
(1900).
K2
132 ALAUDIDJE.
Calandrella minor heinei, Hartert, Viig. Pal Faun. pt. ii. p. 219 (1904).
Alaudula heinei, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 169 (1906).
Eggs of Heine's Short-toed Lark resemble those of Calandrella
brachydactyla of the various types : the markings being greenish-
brown, olive-brown, or reddish-brown and lilac-grey in different
specimens. They measure from *77 to -8 in length, and from -59
to '62 in breadth.
3. S.E. Europe. Crowley Bequest.
2. S.E. Europe. Crowley Bequest.
2. Kuldja, Mongolia, 18th May. Crowley Bequest.
Alaudula cheleensis, Swinli.
Alauda brachydactyla, Swinhoe (nee Leisler}, Ibis, 1861, p. 255.
Alaudula cheleensis", Swinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 390 : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 133 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 170 (1906).
Alaudula cheeleensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 589 (1890).
Oalandrella minor cheleensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 220
(1904).
The eggs of the Chinese Short-toed Lark are indistinguishable
from those of Calandrella, brachydactyla, and measure from *7 to
•78 in length, and from *56 to '6 in breadth.
4. Talien Bay, N. China, July Seebohm Coll.
(R. Swinhoe).
4. Talien Bay, July (R. &). Seebohm Coll.
4. Talien Bay, July (R. S.). Seebohm CoU.
4. Talien Bay, July (R. S.}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Talien Bay, July (R. S.). Seebohm Coll.
Alaudula baetica, Dresser.
Calandrella bgetica, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 351 (1873) ; Saunders, Bull
Soc. Zool France, ii. p. 91 (1877) ; Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i.
p. 395 (1902).
Alauda baetica, Bree, Birds Eur. iii. p. 117, pi. (1875).
Alaudula bgetica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 588 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l v. p. 170 (1906).
Calandrella minor baetica, Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. ii. p. 218 (1904).
The eggs of the Andalusian Short-toed Lark are of a pointed oval
shape and moderately glossy. Five are pure white, spotted and
blotched, especially at the broad end where the markings form an
irregular zone, with hair-brown or pale yellowish- brown, and pale
underlying lavender. Three examples are greenish-white, more or
less freckled with olive-brown and lilac, and resemble the common
type of egg laid by Calandrella brachydactyla. Eight examples
measure from *73 to '8 in length, and from -55 to -59 in breadth.
3. Seville, Spain, 3rd May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Saunders).
2. Seville, 3rd May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Seville, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
ALAUDULA. 133
Alaudula minor (Cab.).
Calandrella minor, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 349 (1873) ; id;, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. ;JD4 (1902) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 283 (1905).
Alaudula minor, Sharp, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 588 (1890) [pt.] ; id.,
Rand-l. v. p. 170 (1906).
Calaudrella minor minor, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 218 (1904).
Two eggs of the Lesser Short-toed Lark are of a wide, pointed
oval form. They have the ground-colour pale greenish-white,
blotched with olive-brown and lilac-grey : in one specimen most of
the markings are concentrated towards the larger end so as to form
a cap, in the second they form a zone round the middle of the shell.
They measure respectively : *76 by *58 ; '75 by '57.
2. Algeria, 10th April. Crowley Bequest.
Alaudula rufescens ( Vietil.).
Alaudula minor, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 588 (1890) [pt.].
Ciillandrella minor rufescens, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 217
(1904).
Alauda rufescens, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 170 (1906).
Five eggs of the Tenerife Lark are indistinguishable from those
of Calandrella brachydactyla, and vary equally in colour and
markings. They measure from '76 to '83 in length, and from -58
to *6 in breadth.
5. Tenerife, Canary Islands. W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
Alaudula polatzeki, Hartert.
Alaudula minor, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 588 (1890) [pt.].
Calandrella minor polatzeki, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 217
(1904).
Alaudula polatzeki, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 170 (1906).
Eggs of the Fuertaventura Lark do not differ from those of
A. rufescens. They vary from '71 to '79 in length, and from '55 to
•58 in breadth.
0. Fuertaventura, Canary Islands. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Fuertaventura, March (Percy Crowley Bequest.
Eendall: Tristram Coll.}.
3. Fuertaventura, March (P. R. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
134
ALATTDID^E.
Genus MIRAFRA, Horsf.
Mirafra nivosa (Swains.).
(Plate VII. fig. 16.)
Algernon nivosa, Sharps, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 501 (1875-84) ;
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 522 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 132 (1899) ; Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 230 (1900).
Mirafra nivosa, Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 33 (1902) ; Sharps, Hand-l v.
p. 170 (1906).
Seven eggs of the Cape Lark are of a blunt oval form and
slightly glossy. They are cream-coloured, profusely mottled with
brown of two shades and grey. They measure from *82 to '95 in
length, and from -65 to -67 in breadth.
2. South Africa.
1. Northern Cape Colony (T. Atmore :
Tristram Coll.).
4. Kuruman, 7th March.
E. L. Layard. Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [0.].
Mirafra hova, Hartl.
Alauda hova, Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 149 (1882) 5
Milne-Edwards Sf Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 456,
pi. 304. figs. 11, 11 a (1885).
Mirafra hova, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 601 (1890) ; Nehrk. Eat.
Eiersamml. p. 134 (1899) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 61 (1902) ;
Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 172 (1906).
The eggs of the Madagascar Bush-Lark are of a pointed oval
shape and very slightly glossy. They are greyish-white, profusely
speckled and blotched, especially about the broad end, with reddish-
brown, yellowish-brown, and purplish-grey. They measure from
•74 to '87 in length, and from '57 to "61 in breadth.
3. Madagascar (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
16. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].
2. Mahanara, E. Madagascar, 14th Dec. Crowley Bequest.
( W. D. C. : Tristram Coll.).
Mirafra horsfieldi, Gould.
(Plate VII. fig. 17.)
Mirafra horsfieldii, North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 159 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 604 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 134 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 501 (1901) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 172 (1906).
Two eggs of Horsfield's Bush-Lark are of a regular oval form and
slightly glossy. The ground-colour is greyish-white, thickly
speckled and finely marbled with greyish-brown and lilac-brown.
They measure respectively : '76 by -57 ; *79 by -56.
2. Moonee Ponds, Victoria, 18th Dec. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
MMJ \FK.V. 13-J
Mirafra woodward!, Milliyan.
(Plate VII. fig. 18.)
Mirafra woodwardi, Milliqan, Viet. Nat. xviii. p. 25 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l.v. p. 172(1900).
Pour eggs of Woodward's Bush-Lark are of a wide, slightly
pointed oval form and distinctly glossy. The ground-colour is
greenish- white or greyish-white, thickly spotted all over with dark
brown, olive-brown, and lilac-grey. They measure respectively :
•73 by -55 ; -74 by -08 ; -75 by '57 ; 77 by -57.
L West Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [0.].
Mirafra cantillans, Blyili.
(Plate VII. figs. 20 & 21.)
Mirafra cantillans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 605 (1890) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 333 (1890) ; id., eel Hume, Nests #
Ind. Birds, ii. p. 227 (1890); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 134
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 173 (1906).
The eggs of the Singing Bush-Lark vary from a pointed to a
blunt oval form and are moderately glossy. They are greyish-
white or pale greenish-white, densely marked with two or more
shades of brown and underlying lavender or purplish- grey. Some
specimens are very distinctly spotted ; others are mottled and
blotched. Several specimens measure from *7 to '88 in length, and
from '55 to *62 in breadth.
3. Sind. Crowley Bequest.
2. Lahore, Punjab, 7th June (C. 11. Hume Coll.
T. Marshall}.
2. Jhansi, C. Provs., June (F. R. Hume Coll.
Bkwitt}.
2. Jhansi, 27th July (F. R. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Jhansi, Aug. (F. JR. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Hoshungabad, C. Provs., 16th Hume Coll.
April (E. C. Nunn}.
Mirafra damarensis, Sharpe.
Mirafra damarensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 012 (1890) ; Stark,
Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 211 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 58
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 173 (1906).
Eggs of the Damaraland Bush-Lark are of a rounded or some-
what pointed oval form and very slightly glossed. The ground-colour
is whitish, more or less profusely mottled, spotted, or speckled with
reddish-brown, yellowish-brown, and lilac-grey. They measure from
•74 to *8 in length, and from '58 to *61 in breadth.
3. Ondonga, Ovampoland ( C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Andersson : Tristram Coll.}.
2. Ondonga, 19th January (C. J. A. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
136
ALATJDID.ZE.
Mirafra africana, Smith.
(Plate VII. fig. 19.)
Megalophonus planicola, Ayres, Ibis, 1871, p. 259.
Mirafra africana, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 519 (1875-84) ;
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 607 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 134 (1899) ; Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 212 (1900) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr.iii. p. 51 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 173 (1906).
Three eggs of the liufous-naped Bush-Lark are of an elongate
oval shape and slightly glossy. They are greyish- white, delicately
freckled with pale reddish- or yellowish-brown and lavender, the
markings being somewhat denser at the broad end. Three examples
measure respectively : -91 by -61 ; '89 by -62 ; -87 by -do.
3. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Mirafra assamica, McClell.
Mirafra assamica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 609 (1890) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 334 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests fy
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 229 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 134
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 174 (1906).
Eggs of the Bengal Bush-Lark vary from a pointed to a blunt
oval shape, and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are
greyish-white, profusely marked with various shades of brown,
ranging from pale yellowish-brown in some eggs to deep purplish-
brown in others. There are, in addition, underlying spots and
blotches of lavender or pale purple. The surface-markings are
usually more dense at the broad end, and vary considerably,
being merely fine specks and freckles in some specimens, and com-
paratively bold blotches in others. Numerous examples measure
from *7 to '83 in length, and from -56 to -63 in breadth.
4. Saharunpur. N.W. Provs., 19th Hume Coll.
June (G. F. L. Marshall).
2. Sikhim Terai, 3rd April. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim Terai, 24th April. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim Terai, 9th May. Hume Coll.
4. Sikhim Terai, 14th May. Hume CoU.
3. Sikhim Terai, 29th May. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 15th June. Hume Coll.
2. Faridpur, Bengal, 22nd May Hume Coll.
(J. R. Cripps).
Mirafra erythroptera, Jerdon.
Mirafra erythroptera, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 612 (1890) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 334 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests i
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 231 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 134
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 174 (1906).
The eggs of the Red-winged Bush-Lark are not separable from
MIRAFRA. — SPIZALAUDA.
those of J/. assamica. They measure from •? to '8<3 in length, and
from *55 to '62 in breadth.
1. Delhi, N.W. Provinces, India, Hume Coll.
21st July (G r. Binyham).
1. Bareilly, N.W. Provs., 24th May. Hume Coll.
2. Etawah, N.W. Provs., 24th March Crowley Bequest.
( W. E. Brooks : Tristram Coll.}.
3. Mir/apur, N.W. Provs., 22nd June Crowley Bequest.
( W. E. B. : Tristram Coll.}.
1 . Hoshungabad, C. Provs., 22ud July Hume Coll.
(E. C. Nunn).
15. Jhansi, Aug. (F. R. Blewitt}. Hume Coll.
2. Saugor, C. Provs. (F. It. B.}. Hume Coll.
2. Saugor, 14th July (F. R. B.}. Hume Coll.
3. Raipur, C. Provs., J une (F. R. B.}. Hume Coll.
Mirafra affinis, Jerd.
(Plate VII. fig. 22.)
Mirafra affinis, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 634 (1879) j Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 614 (1890) ; Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 335 (1890) ;
ill, ed. Hume, Nests 8c Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 233 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 134 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 174 (1906).
Two eggs of the Madras Bush-Lark are of a rather long oval
shape and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is whitish, profusely
spotted and speckled with reddish-brown and lilac- grey, the
markings being most numerous towards the broad end of the shell,
where they are larger and more or less confluent, forming an ill-
defined cap. They measure respectively *91 by *62 and *91 by '63.
2. North Central Province, Ceylon, Crowley Bequest.
12th June (A. L. Butler}.
Genus SPIZALAUDA, Blyih.
Spizalauda deva (Sykes}.
(Plate VIII. figs. 2-4.)
Spizalauda deva, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 621 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 134 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 177 (1906).
Galerita deva, Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 338 (1890) ; id.,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 236 (1890).
The eggs of Sykes's Crested Lark are typically of a pointed oval
shape, and they usually exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. The
majority are greyish-white or cream-colour, profusely speckled
and mottled with yellowish-brown or olive-brown, the markings
being particularly dense at the broad end, where they are generally
confluent and form a cap or zone. Some specimens differ in being
138
A L AUDI IKE.
distinctly spotted and blotched with rich purplish-brown and
lavender, and others are similarly marked with yellowish-bro\vn
and purplish-grey. They measure from '71 to '89 in length, and
from '5o to -66 in breadth.
2. Lahore, Punjab, 7th June.
6. Jhansi, Aug. (F. R. Bleivitt).
3. Seoni, 0. Provs., Aug.
8. Saugor, 0. Provs. (F. R. B.).
6. Saugor, 29th July (F. R. B.}.
3. Saugor, 4th Aug. (F. R. B.).
7. Saugor, 5th Aug. (F. R. B.}.
2. Saugor, 10th Aug. (F. R. B.}.
5. Sholapur, 30th June ( J. Davidson).
5. Sholapur, 1st July (J. D.).
11. Sholapur, 3rd July (J. D.).
2. Sholapur, 4th July (J. D.).
2. South India.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
flume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Genus GALEEIDA, Boie.
Galerida cristata (Linn.).
Alauda cristata, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 380, tab. xxvi. fig. 2, a-d
(1845-54); Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. 'Birds, i. p. 178, pi. xlv. fig. ii
(1856) ; Secbohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 201, pi. 15 (1884) ; id., Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 255, pi. 58. figs. 9 & 10 (1896) ; Rey, Eier Vog.
Mittekurop. p. 255, pi. 36. figs. 18-22 (1900).
Galerita cristata, Baedeker, Eier Fur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 8 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 285 (1873) j Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 626 (1890) [pt.].
The majority of the eggs of the Crested Lark are of a broad oval
shape, but some are comparatively narrow and elongate. They
exhibit a large amount of gloss and vary very greatly in size and
coloration. The ground-colour ranges from a nearly pure white to
a greyish-white or a greenish-white. The markings are of various
shades of brown, ranging from pale brown through yellowish-
brown to umber-brown and dark olive-brown. The underlying
markings of purplish-grey or lavender are generally very con-
spicuous. Many specimens are coarsely blotched, others are some-
what finely speckled, and others again are profusely mottled all
over. Examples measure from *8 to 1*04 in length, and from '6 to
•72 in breadth.
13. Elbeuf, France (Noury : Sargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.).
5. Pomerania, 10th May (T.
Holland).
5. Pomerania, 29th May (T. H.).
4. Berlin (Dresser Coll.).
5. Sziget Cse"p, Hungary, 1st June
( W. R. S.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclifie Sauuders. Esq.
[p.].
GALERIDA. 139
5. Sziget Csep, 21st May (W. R. S.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Sziget Cse*p, 1st June (W.R.S.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Sziget Cse*p, 6th June ( W. R. &). w! Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
6. Sziget Cse"p, 20th May (F. A. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Cerwa). [P.].
5. Metkovic, Herzegovina, 25th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
April (O. Reiser). [P.].
4. Smyrna, Asia Minor, 12th May Seebohm Coll.
(Dr. T. Kniper).
4. Nymphio, Asia Minor, 2nd June Seebohm Coll.
(H. S.).
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
4. Sziget Cse"p, Hungary, 7th June W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(W. R. S.). [P.].
Galerida pallida, Erehm.
(Plate VIII. figs. 1 & 5.)
Galerita cristata, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 217.
Galerida cristata pallida, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. ii. p. 231 (1904).
Galerida pallida, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 178 (1906).
Eggs of the Spanish Crested Lark resemble certain types of
G. cristata in colour and size, having the ground-colour whitish,
more or less profusely spotted and freckled with reddish-brown,
olive-brown, and lavender ; the markings in some specimens being
concentrated round the larger end, where they form a more or less
well-defined zone.
5. South Spain, 8th May (Bidivett Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
3. Malaga, S. Spain, 17th May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Saunders: Hargitt Coll.).
5. Seville, Spain, May (A. Ruiz). Seebohm Coll.
3. Seville, 4th May (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
Galerida kleinschmidti, Erlanger.
(Plate VIII. fig. 6.)
Galerida cristata kleinschmidti. Hartert. Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 231
(1904).
Galerida kleinschmidti, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 178 (1906).
Six eggs of the Marocco Crested Lark resemble certain specimens
of G. cristata in colour and size, being boldly marked, especially
round the larger end, with spots and blotches of umber-brown,
yellowish-brown, or olive-brown and lavender-grey.
6. Tangiers (Foster Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
140
ALAUD1DJ5.
G-alerida macrorhyncha, Tristram.
(Plate VIII. figs. 7-9.)
Galerida macrorhyncha, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, pp. 57. 426; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 178 (1906).
Galerida cristata, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 314.
Galerida cristata macrorhyncha, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 232
(1904) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 254 (1905).
Eggs of Tristram's Crested Lark resemble those of O. cristata in
every respect, all the same types of coloration and markings being
represented in the series in the Collection.
2. Tunis, 20th March.
1. Ketena, Tunis, 23rd May.
1. Kef Laks, Algeria, 22nd April
(O. Salvin).
2. Zana, N. Algeria, 18th June(O. &).
2. Zana, 24th June (H. B. Tristram).
1. Sidi Khalifa Cherif, 8th May
(O. 8.).
1. Ain Beida, Algeria, 5th May
(O. &).
2. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 2nd May
(0.&).
3. Ain Djendeli, 12th May (O. S.).
2. Ain Djendeli, 13th May (O. S.).
5. Ain Djendeli, 14th May (O. &).
1. Ain Djendeli, 16th May (O. S.).
1 . Ain Djendeli, llth May (H. B. T.
1. Ain Djendeli, 20th May (H. B. T.
1. Ain Oussera, Algeria (Dr.Reboud).
Crowlev Bequest.
W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
PP.]-
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Galerida arenicola, Tristr.
Galerida arenicola, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, pp. 58, 426 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 179 (1906).
Galerida cristata arenicola, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 232 (1904) ;
Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 257 (1905).
Eggs of the Pale Long-billed Crested Lark are similar to those of
G. cristata in coloration and size ; but all the eggs in the Collection
are of the browner type, being densely spotted and speckled, and in
some cases blotched, with umber-brown, yellowish-brown, and
lilac-grey.
4. Sahara, Tunis, 21st May.
2. Sidi el Hani, Tunis, 28th March.
3. Had) el Aioum, Tunis, 7th April.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliife Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
8ALERIDA.
141
Galerida brachyura, Tristram.
(Plate YIII. figs. 10 & 11.)
Galerida brachyura, Tristram, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 435 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 179 (1900).
Alauda isabellina, Tristram, Faun. $ Flora Palestine, p. 78 (1884).
Galerida cristata brachyura. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 234
(1904).
Eggs of the Short-tailed Crested Lark are indistinguishable from
those of G. arenicola described above.
2. Jericho, Palestine, 29th March Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. Tristram}.
2. Jericho, 30th March (H. B. T.\ Crowley Bequest.
4. El Ghor, Palestine, 19th May Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. T.).
Galerida magna, Hume.
(Plate YIII. fig. 12.)
Galerida cristata magna, Witherby, Ibis, 1903, p. 525 ; Hartert, Von. Pal.
Faun. pt. ii. p. 235 (1904).
Galerida magna, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 180 (1906).
Eggs of Hume's Crested Lark resemble those of Q. arenicola
described above. They measure from -88 to '9 in length, and from
•66 to -68 in breadth.
5. Shiraz, Persia, 3rd May. H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.],
4. Jask, Gulf of Oman, 23rd March. S. Butcher, E*q. [P.].
4. Jask, 29th March. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.].
3. Jask, 29th March. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.I
2. Jask, 30th March. S. Butcher, Esq. [P.].
Galerida chendoola (Frankl.).
(Plate VIII. figs. IB & 14.)
Galerida cristata, Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 337 (1890) ; id., ed.
Hume, Nest* # Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 233 (1890).
G-alerida cristata chendoola, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 236
(1894).
Galerida chendoola, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 180 (1906).
Eggs of the Indian Crested Lark resemble those of O. cristata in
colour and markings, but are, as a rule, considerably smaller. The
coloration of one clutch from Delhi is remarkable, the three eggs
being white, finely and somewhat sparingly spotted with blackish-
grey and lilac-grey, and with a few markings of deep olive-brown.
•Sixteen examples measure from '81 to '88 in length, and from *62 to
•68 in breadth. One egg from E. Narra is exceptionally long ; it
measures I'Oo by '68.
142 ALAUDID^E.
4. Sind, N.W. India (J. H. Gould). Gould Coll.
1. East Narra, Sind (8. Doig). Hume Coll.
3. Lahore, Punjab, 7th June. Huine Coll.
3. Delhi, Punjab, 23rd April (C. T. Hume Coll.
Bingham) .
2. Saharunpur, N.W. Provs., 29th Hume Coll.
March (G. F. L. Marshall).
2. Bareilly, N.W. Provs., llth May. Hume Coll.
2. Bahraich, Oudh, 10th April. Hume Coll.
Galerida theklse, Brehm.
(Plate VIII. fig. 21.)
Galerita thecklse, Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 134 (1899).
Galerida thecklee, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 633 (1890) [pt.] ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 180 (1906).
Alauda theklse, Rey, JEier Vog. Mittdeurop. p. 257, pi. 36. figs. 10 & 11
(1900) [pt.].
Galerida theklse theklae, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 237 (1904).
Four eggs of the Short-billed Crested Lark resemble those of
G. cristata of the olive type, being greenish-white, spotted and
blotched with olive-brown and grey. They measure respectively
•88 by -6 ; -90 by -58 ; -90 by 7 ; '91 by -69.
4. South Spain. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Galerida harterti, Erlanger.
Galerida abyssinica, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 425.
Galerita isabellina, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 425 ; Locke, Expl. Sci. Algfr.,
Ois. ii. p. 40 (1867) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 303 (1873) : Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 635 (1890) [pt.].
Galerida theklse harterti, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 238 (1904).
Galerida theklse major, Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 259 (1905).
Galerida harterti, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 181 (1906).
Three eggs of Hartert's Crested Lark are of a broad oval shape
and very slightly glossy. Two are greyish-white, profusely mottled,
especially at the broad end, with reddish- or yellowish-brown and
purplish -grey. The third is more sparingly marked, and displays
several rather large blotches of lavender-grey. They measure
respectively '8 by -69, -83 by '67, and -85 by -63.
1. Algeria (Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Zin, Algeria, 20th March. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Ain Oussera, Algeria, May (Dr. Crowley Bequest.
Reboud: Tristram Coll.).
Galerida superflua, Hartert.
Galerida theklas superflua, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 238 (1904) ;
Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 264 (1905).
Galerida superflua, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 181 (1906).
GALKUIDA. — LULLULA.
143
Eggs of the Talc Short-billed Crested Lark are similar to those
of G. harterti. They measure respectively : '90 by '04 ; '85 by •(>(> ;
•81 by -68.
Crowley Bequest.
1. El Aghouat, Central Algeria, May
(Dr. Reboud: Tristram Coll.}.
2. El Aghouat (Locke: Tristram
Coll.).
Crowley Bequest.
Galerida malabarica (/Scop.).
(Plate VIII. figs. 15 & 16.)
Galerita malabarica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. C33 (1890) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ltd., Birds, ii. p. 338 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ 7%s
Ind. Birds, ii. p. 237 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 134 (1899).
Galerida malabarica, Sharpe, H.and-1. v. p. 182 (1900).
The eggs of the Malabar Crested Lark closely resemble those of
Spizalaucla deva. They measure from*71 to '9 in length, and from
•57 to -62 in breadth.
2. Ratnagiri, West Coast of India, Hume Coll.
5th Oct. (G. Vidal).
1. Ratnajriri, 23rd Oct. (O. V.\ Hume Cull.
2. Hatnagiri, 27th Oct. (G. V,). Hume Coll.
1. Ratnag-iri, 3rd Nov. (G. V.}. Hume Coll.
2. Ratnao-iri, 10th Nov. (G. V.}. Hume Coll.
4. Ratuagiri, 23rd Nov. ( G. V.}. Hume Coll.
3. Nilcrhiri Hills, 8th April (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburn).
2. Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 8th May Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn).
Genus LULLULA, Kaup.
Lullula arborea (Linn.}.
Alauda nemorosn, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvi. fig. 4, a-d
(1845-54).
Alauda arboreo, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 5 (1855-63) ; Hewit-
son, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 179, pi. xlv. tig. iii (185(5) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. iv. p. 321 (1873) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 256, pi. 15
(1884) ; Whitehead, Ibis, 1885, p. 40; Seebohm, Egqs of Brit. Birds,
p. 255, pi. 58. tig. 8 (1896); Rey, Eier Vog. Mrtteleurop. p. 258,
pi. 36. tigs. 13-17 (1900; ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 389
(1902).
Lullula arborea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 636 (1890) ; Hartert,
Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. iii. p. 241 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 182
(1906).
The eggs of the Wood-Lark are mostly of a broad pointed oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are white or greyish-white,
thickly speckled and mottled with dull reddish-brown or olive-
brown, and underlying lavender or grey. The markings on the
eggs of this Lark are almost invariably fine and speckly, and they
144
ALAUDID^E.
seldom attain the dimensions of blotches. They are generally very
dense at the broad end of the egg, where they become confluent and
often form a large cap or a wide wreath. Specimens measure from
• 7 to -9 in length, and from -6 to -69 in breadth.
CrowJey Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
J. Whitehead, Esq. [0.1.
Seebohm CoU.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
\V. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
3. Thetford, Norfolk (Tristram Coll.).
4. Elvedon, Suffolk.
3. Elvedon, 27th March.
3. Holland.
4. Holland.
2. Elbeuf, France (Noury : Hargitt
Coll.).
2. Vosges, France (Mougel: Hargitt
Coll.}.
4. Vosges (Mongel : Hargitt Coll.).
2. Vagney, Vosges (Mougel : Hargitt
Coll.}.
5. Corsica, 13th May.
2. Pomerania, Germany, llth May
(T. Holland}.
3. Pomerania, llth May (T. H.}.
4. Brandenburg, 25th April.
3. Brandenburg, 26th June.
4. Cassel, Westphalia, 2nd May.
4. Hesse, 10th May.
4. Alsace, 21st May.
4. South Spain, 4th May.
4. Herzegovina, 2nd June.
5. Parnassus, 1 4th May ( T. Kriiper} .
3. Parnassus, 20th May (T. K.).
5. Parnassus, 23rd May (T. K.}.
4. Parnassus, 28th May (2*. K.).
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus}.
3. Hesse, Germany, 30th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Genus CALENDULA, Swains.
Calendula crassirostris (Vieill.).
(Plate VIII. figs. 17 & 18.)
Alauda crassirostris, Thien. Fortpjl. ges. Vog. p. 379, tab. xxvi. fig. 9
(1845-54).
Calendula crassirostris, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 513
(1875-84) ; id., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 639 (1890) ; Nekrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 134 (1899); Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, \. p. 202
(1900) ; Shelley, B. Afr. iii. p. 115 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 182
(1906>
AMM01IANKS. 145
Eggs of the Thick-billed Lark are of a regular oval shape and
devoid of gloss. Some are cream-coloured, densely mottled with
brown and lavender- or purplish-grey, especially at the broad end.
Others are greenish-white blotched with olive-brown and lilac-grey.
They measure from '85 to '93 in length, and from '61 to '09 in
breadth.
4. South Africa. Gould Coll.
1. South Africa (E. L. Layard). Salvm-Godinan Coll.
2. South Africa (E. L. L. : Tristram Growl ey Bequest.
Coll.).
2. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.
3. Bloemfontein, 0. R. C., 22nd April. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.].
Genus AMMOMANES, Cab.
Ammomanes phcenicura (Frankl.).
(Plate VIII. figs. 19 & 20.)
Aimuonianes phoenicura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 642 (1890) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 339 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 240 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 135 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 183 (1908).
The eggs of the Rufous-tailed Desert-Lark are mostly of a broad
pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. They are of a creamy- or
pale yellowish-white, speckled and freckled all over, but most
densely at the broad end, with yellowish- or pale reddish-brown
and underlying purplish-grey. They measure from -78 to *9 in
length, and from -55 to -63 in breadth.
3. Hoshungabad, C. Provs., India, Hume Coll &
28th April (E. C. Nunn). Crowley Bequest.
1. Raipur, C. Provs., April (F. R. Hume Coll.
Blewitt}.
2. Raipur, 15th April (F. R. B.). Hume Coll.
14. Raipur (F. R. B.}. Hume Coll.
Ammomanes grayi, Wahlb.
Ammomanes grayi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 643 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 135 (1899) ; Stark, Faun. 8. Afr., Birds, i. p. 198
(1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 103 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand I. v.
p. ]85 (1908J.
Two eggs of Gray's Desert-Lark closely resemble certain types
of those laid by A. phcenicura, having the ground-colour white,
densely and finely freckled over the entire surface of the shell with
yellowish-brown and lilac-grey. They measure respectively : -83 by
•6 ; -86 by -6.
Ondonga, Ovampoland, 25th April Crowley Bequest.
(C.J.Andersson: Tristram Coll.}.
VOL. v. r,
146
ALATTDTDJE.
Ammomanes algeriensis, Sharpe.
Alauda deserti, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 66. fig. 11 (1855-63).
Ammomanes isabellinus, Loche, Expl. Sci. Alger., Ois. ii. p. 24 (1867).
Ammomanes algeriensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 645 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 135 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 185
(1908).
Ammomanes deserti algeriensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 221
(1904) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 274 (1905).
Eggs of the Algerian Desert-Lark are of a blunt oval shape and
slightly glossy. They are white or creamy-white, speckled, generally
profusely, all over with pale reddish-brown and lavender, the
markings in some specimens being most numerous towards the
larger end. They measure from -81 to -9 in length, and from '68
to -69 in breadth.
2. Djebel Sidi Aich, C. Tunis, 9th
April (P. Spatz).
1. Djebel Sidi Aich, loth April
(P.S.).
2. Algeria (Loche).
2. Algeria, 2nd April.
2. Morocco, 23rd May.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Ammomanes isabellina (Temm.).
(Plate VIII. fig. 22.)
Ammomanes isabellina, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 422.
Alauda lusitania, Bree, Birds Eur. iii. p. 112, pi. 4 (1875).
Ammomanes deserti, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 329 (1874) [part.] ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 646 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 135 (1899) ; Witherby, Ibis, 1903, p. 524.
Ammomanes deserti fraterculus, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 223
(1904).
Ammomanes isabellina, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 185 (1908).
Eggs of the Palestine Desert-Lark are of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are creamy- white or greenish-
white profusely speckled with pale brown or yellowish-brown
and lavender, the markings being usually more dense round the broad
end. They measure from '78 to -87 in length, and from '57 to -61
in breadth.
1. Wilderness of Judea, Palestine,
22nd April (H. B. Tristram).
2. Between Jerusalem and Masseh,
26th April (H. B. T.).
4. Jericho, 4th May.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Kamariz, S.W. Persia, 30th March. H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.].
AM MOM A Mis. 147
Ammomanes phcenicuroides (Blyth}.
Ammomanea phoenicuroides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 647
(1890); Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., ~ Birds, ii. p. 340 (1890); id., ed.
Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 242 (1890) ; Sharps, Hand-l.
v. p. 184 (1908K
Ammomanea deserti phoenicuroides, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 224 (1904).
The eggs of Blyth's Desert-Lark are of a regular oval shape
and moderately glossy. They are pale greyish-white, speckled and
spotted with pale brown and underlying purplish-grey. The
markings are more dense at the broad end, where they form a small
cap. Two examples measure respectively : '77 by -6 ; '82 by -6.
2. Nowshera, Peshawur Valley, Hume Coll.
Punjab, 4th May (C. R. Cock).
Ammomanes arenicolor (Siuidev.*).
Ani'uomanes elegans, Loche, Expl. Sci. Alffer., Ois. ii. p. 26 (1867).
Ammomanea cinctura, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 335 (1875); Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 644 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 135
(1899).
Ammomanes phcenicura arenicolor, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 224
(1904).
Ammomanes cinctura arenicolor, Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 277
(1905).
Ammomanes arenicolor, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 183 (1908).
Eggs of Gould's Desert-Lark are of a regular oval shape and
entirely devoid of gloss. They are white, rather thickly marked,
especially at the broad end, with specks and very small spots of
deep purplish-brown and lavender. They measure from '8 to '82
in length, and from '59 to -6 in breadth.
3. Sillousa, Tunis, 10th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P-]- .
4. Algeria, 7th April (P. Spatz). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Algeria (Loche}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. El Aghouat, C. Algeria (Loche : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Ammomanes erythrochlamys (Smith).
Ammomanes ervthrochlamys, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 648 (1890) ;
Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 199 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii.
p. 95 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 185 (1908).
Two eggs of the Damaraland Desert-Lark are very similar to
those of A. isabellina, having the ground-colour white profusely
spotted and freckled all over with dark purplish-brown, reddish-
brown, and lavender. They measure *8'2 by "58.
2. Otjimbinque, Damaraland, 13th Jan. Crowley Bequest.
( C. J. Andersson : Tristram
Coll.).
148
Genus EREMOPTERYX, Kemp.
Eremopteryx australis (Smith).
(Plate Yin. fig. 23.)
Pyrrhulauda australis, Ayres, Ibis, 1871, p. 258 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 651 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 135 (1899) ; Stark,
Faun. S. Afr.. Birds, i. p. 194 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 76
(1902).
Eremopteryx australis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 186 (1908).
Three eggs of the Dark-naped Finch-Lark are of a regular oval
shape and very slightly glossed. They are greyish-white, profusely
speckled and spotted all over with olive-brown and lavender-grey,
the markings being somewhat concentrated round the larger end so
as to form a more or less distinct zone. They measure from '7 to
•71 in length, and from *5 to *53 in breadth.
3. Potchefstroom, Transvaal (T. Orowley Bequest.
Ayres: Tristram Coll.).
Eremopteryx grisea (Scop.).
Pyrrhulauda grisea, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 637 (1879) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 652 (1890) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii.
p. 341 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 234
(1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 135 (1899).
Eremopteryx grisea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 187 (1908).
The eggs of the Ashy-crowned Finch-Lark are mostly of a pointed
oval form and exhibit a moderate amount of gloss. The ground-
colour is white, tinged with grey or green, and is thickly speckled
and mottled with two or more shades of brown and underlying
lavender. In two specimens the markings are of a purplish-brown
colour and cover nearly the whole of the shell, but as a rule the
markings, though dense, permit a considerable portion of the ground-
colour to be seen. Specimens measure from '69 to '79 in length, and
from -5^-6 in breadth.
1. N.W. Provinces (A. Anderson: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. N.W. Provinces ( W. E. Brooks: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. Bareilly, N.W. Provs., 10th April. Hume Coll.
1. Aligarh, N.W. Provs., 30th Hume Coll.
March (G. F. L. Marshall).
2. Jhansi, N.W. Provs. Hume Coll.
1. Hoshungabad, C. Provs., 6th April Hume Coll.
(E. C. Nunn).
3. Saugor, C. Provs. (F. JR. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
2. Raipur, C. Provs. (F. R. B.). Hume Coll.
1, Raipur (F. JR. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Sholapur, Rombay Pres., 18th July Hume Coll.
(J. Davidson).
2. Sholapur (J. D.). Hume Coll.
2. Salem, Madras, 21st Aug. (A. G. R, Hume Coll.
Theobald).
FRINGTIJJD.T:. 149
Eremopteryx melanauchen (Cab.}.
Pyrrhulauda meLanauchen, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 655 (1890) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 343 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests
$ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 248 (1890).
Pyrrhulauda frontalis, Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 79 (1902).
Eremopteryx melanauchen, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 187 (1908).
Eggs of the Black-crowned Finch-Lark resemble those of E. grisea,
but appear to have a purer white ground and, as a rule, the
markings are coarser and better-defined. They measure from *69 to
•81 in length, and from *5 to *6 in breadth.
27. Eastern Xarra, Sind (S. Doig). Hume Coll.
]. Eastern Narra, 25th Aug. (S. D.). Hume Coil.
1. Eastern Narra, 27th Aug. (S. D.). Hume Coll.
Eremopteryx. verticalis (Smith).
Pyrrhulauda verticalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. 'p. 656 (1890) ;
Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 195 (1900) ; Shelley. Birds Afr.
iii. p. 83 (1902).
Eremopteryx verticalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 186 (1908).
Two eggs of the Grey-backed Einch-Lark are perfectly similar
to those of E. australis. They measure respectively *68 by *5
and -7 by *5.
2. Ondonga, Ovampoland, 31st March Crowley Bequest.
(C. J. Andersson: Tristram
Coll.).
Family FEINGILLID^.
Genus LIGURINUS, Koch.
Ligurinus chloris (Linn.}.
Fringilla chloris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 409, tab. xxxvi. fig. 4, a-c
(1845-54) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 74, pi. 12 (1884) ; id., Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 239, pi. 56. fig. 13 (1896).
Chlorospiza chloris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. fig. 1 (1855-63).
Coccothraustes chloris, Heioitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 204, pi. Iii.
fig. i (1856).
Ligurinus chloris, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 219; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii.
p. 567 (1875) ; Key, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 315, pi. 39. figs. 17-21
(1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 283 (1902) [part.] ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 196 (1908).
Chloris chloris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 21 (1888) [part.] ; Jourd.
Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 46, pi. x. figs. 17-21 (1906).
Chloris chloris chloris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 61 (1903).
The eggs of the Greenfinch are of a regular oval shape and
possess a fair amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from
150
bluish-white to pale bluo or bluish-green, and this is marked,
principally over the larger half of the egg, with specks, spots, and
small blotches of deep purplish-brown and underlying spots, small
clouds and smears of pinkish-brown. Occasionally markings of
both kinds are equally distributed over the whole shell. Numerous
specimens measure from *7 to '9 in length, and from '5 to '62
in breadth.
5.
1.
8.
6,
6,
6.
6,
5.
4.
5.
4.
2,
4.
8.
5.
3.
4.
10th
May
Dochfour, Inveraess-sliire;
May (Haryitt Coll.}.
Wilstrop, Yorkshire, 27th
(Haryitt Coll.}.
Wilstrop, 29th May (Hargitt
Coll.).
Alport, Derbyshire.
Cambridgeshire.
Waterbeach, Cambridge, 9th May
(O. Salvin}.
Southery, JSTorfolk, 20th April
( W. R. S.}.
Southery, 25th May ( W. R. S.}.
Sparham, Norfolk, 25th May (F.
Norgate}.
Luton Park, Bedfordshire, 28th
May (H. Seebohm).
Taplow, Berkshire.
Avington, Hants, 8th May ( G. E.
Shelley: Hargitt Coll.}.
Bentley, Hants (Hargitt Coll.}.
Alton, Hants, May.
Isle of Wight.
Marlborough, Wilts, May (J. G.
Millais; Hargitt Coll}.
Marlborough, May (J. G. M.: Har-
gitt Coll.}.
Nether Stowe}7, Somerset, May
( W. R. S.).
Finchley, Middlesex (O. S.).
Highgate, Middlesex.
Churt, Surrey.
Pomerania (T. Holland}.
Pomerania (T. H.}.
Pomerania, 21st May (T. H.}.
Pomerania, 3rd June ( T. H.}.
Sziget-Cse"p, Hungary. 20th May
(W.R.S.}.
Parnassus, Greece, 5th May (7'.
Kriiper}.
Parnassus, 5th May (T. A'.).
Parnassus, 7th May (T.K.}.
Parnassus, 7th May (T. K.}.
Parnassus, 9th May ( T. K.}.
Parnassus, 21st May (T. K.}.
Parnassus, 21st May (T. K.}.
Parnassus, 21st May ( T. K.}
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
F, Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
IP-]-
Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
I.KU'KIXCS.
Clutches containing aii egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
4. Babraliam, Cambridgeshire, 18th W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
-May. [P.].
3. Aldbury. Tring, Herts, 29th Mav W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(ir.R.S.).' [P.].
Ligurinus auranteiventris, Gab.
Ligurinus auranteiveutris, Cab. Mus. Hem. pt. i. p. 158, note (1850) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 196 (1908).
Chloris chloiis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 21 (1888) [part.].
Chluris chloris auranteiventris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 63
(1903).
Ligurinus chloris auranteiventris, Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 198
(1905).
Eggs of the North -African Greenfinch are perfectly similar in
all respects to those of L. chloris.
5. Setubal, Portugal, 26th April. Don L. Gonzaga do Nasci-
mento [P.].
5. Malaga, Spain, 4th May (H. Saun- Seebohm Coll.
ders).
5. Malaga, 5th June (H. &). Seebohin Coll.
Ligurinus chloroticus (Bonap.).
Chlorospiza chlorotica, Tristram, Ibis, 18(38, p. 206.
Chloris chlorotica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 26 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899).
Chloris chloris chlorotica, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 63 (1903).
Ligurinus chloroticus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 196 (1908).
Eggs of the Syrian Greenfinch are very similar to those of
L. Moris. Specimens measure from '7 to *79 in length, and from
•56 to -6 in breadth.
5. Safed, Palestine, llth May (J. H. Seebohm Coll.
Cochrane).
4. Palestine (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Palestine, 16th May ( Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Palestine, 19th May (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
'2. Palestine, 19th May (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Ligurinus sinicus (Linn.).
Chloris sinica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 26 (1888) ; La Touche,
Ibis, 1906, p. 630.
Chlorospiza sinica, La Touche, His, 1892, p. 427.
Chloris sinica sinica, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 64 (1903).
Ligurinus sinicus, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 284 (1902) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 197 (1908).
Seven of the eggs of the Chinese Greenfinch in the Collection are
152
FR1NGILLID.E.
pale bluish-green, sparingly speckled at the broad end with deep
purplish-brown or black. They exhibit no trace of any of the
pinkish-brown shell-markings so constantly to be found on the eggs
of L. cliloris. On the other hand, an eighth specimen has only a
few pinkish shell-markings, the darker surface-markings being
almost absent ; the two eggs from Si-ning exhibit numerous small
darker and lighter purplish-red shell-markings, as well as a few
darker surface-spots ; and, in the clutch from Chin-kiang, the eggs
are white, without markings of any kind. Specimens measure
from '7 to '76 in length, and from -5 to "55 in breadth.
4. Chin-kiang, China, 12th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq.
1. Foochow, China, 1st April. C. B. Rickett,
2. Foochow, 17th May. C. B. Rickett,
4. Foochow, 24th June. C. B. Rickett,
1. Amoy (R. Swinhoe: Tristram Crovvley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Si-ning, Kansu, 12th May. Crowley Bequest.
Ligurinus nssnriensis (Hartert).
Chlons sinica, Nehrk. (nee Linn.} Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899).
Chloris sinica ussuriensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 64 (1903).
Ligurinus ussuriensis, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 197 (1908).
Two eggs of the Ussuri Greenfinch are of a wide blunt oval
shape, and closely resemble certain eggs of L. chloris. The ground-
colour is pale greenish-blue, with reddish-lilac shell-markings and
a few dark purplish-brown surface-spots, mostly about the larger
end. They measure respectively *7 by '59 and '7 by '55.
1. Sidemi, Ussuri River, East Siberia, Crowley Bequest.
18th May.
1. Sidemi, 26th May. Crowley Bequest.
Genus EOPHONA, Gould.
Eophona melanura (Grmel.}.
Eophona melanura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 28 (1888) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 286 (1902) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1906, p. 627;
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 197 (1908).
Euphona melanura, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899).
Eophona melanura melanura, Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. i. p. 59
(1903).
Eggs of the Black-tailed Hawfinch recall in general appearance
those of Coccothraustes coccothraustes, but they are more heavily
marked. They vary in shape from a very broad to a somewhat
pointed oval form, and are distinctly glossy. They are pale
greyish- or olive-green, with strongly-marked rounded spots and
irregular lines and scrolls of very dark brown, and with under-
HESFERIPHONA. — COCCOTHRAUSTES. 153
lying spots and lines of pale violet-grey. They vary from '85
to 1/0 in length, and from *68 to *73 in breadth.
3. Chin-kiang, China,, 29th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.].
4. Chin-kiaug, 29th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. ['
1. Chin-kiang, 10th June. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [
Genus HESPERIPHONA, Bonap.
Hesperiphona montana, Ridgw.
(Plate IX. fig. 1.)
Hesperiphona vespertina, var. montana, Ridgiv. in Baird, Brewer 8f
Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 449 (1874).
Coccothraustes vespertina, Swinburne, Auk, v. p. 113 (1888).
Hesperiphona vespertina, Sharpe, Cat, Birds B. M. xii. p. 32 (1888).
Hesperiphona vespertina montana, RidtfW. Birds North Sf Middle Amer.
i. p. 41 (1901).
Hesperiphona montana, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 193 (1908).
Tour eggs of the Montana Grosbeak are of a broad or mode-
rately broad oval form, and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is
very pale blue, with spots and small blotches of pale brown and
lilac-brown distributed all over the shell, but, usually, most
numerous round the larger end. They measure from '95 to I/O in
length, and from '66 to *77 in breadth.
4. Alameda Co., California, 16th June Crowley Bequest.
(J. J. Burrows).
Genus COCCOTHRAUSTES, Brisson.
Coccothraustes coccothraustes (Linn.).
Fringilla coccothraustes, Thie.n. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 419, tab. xxxvi.
tig. 2, a-c (1845-54).
Coccothraustes vulgaris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 1
(1855-63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 205, pi. Hi. figs, ii
& iii (1856) ; Sounders, Ibis, 1871, p. 220 ; Dresser, Birds Eur.
iii. p. 575 (1875); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 57, pi. 13 (1884);
id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 237, pi. 56. figs. 5 & 8 (1896) ; Dresser,
Man' Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 287 (1902).
Coccothraustes coccothraustes, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 36
(1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899) ; Rey, Eier Voq.
Mitteleurop. p. 335, pi. 41. figs. 18-22 (1900); Whitaker, Birds
Tunis, i. p. 200 (1905) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 44, pi. 9.
figs. 18-22 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 199 (1908).
Coccothraustes coccothraustes coccothraustes, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun.
pt, i. p. 55 (1903).
The eggs of the Hawfinch are usually of a broad and pointed
oval shape, but some are quite pyriform. They possess a large
amount of gloss, and are of two types. In the commonest, they
154
FRING1LLIDJ3.
are pale olive- or greyish-green, somewhat sparingly spotted and
blotched with dark olive-brown, and rather profusely marked in
various ways with pale purplish shell-markings. In the second
type, the ground-colour is buff and the markings, similar to those
of the first type in general character, are paler and decidedly
ochraceous in colour. In addition to these markings, there are on
most eggs of the Hawfinch numerous lines and scrolls fantastically
drawn about the larger end of the egg, and occasionally forming a
wreath round that point. They vary greatly in size, the smallest
specimen in the series measuring *8 by '61, and the largest 1*03
by -75.
3. Near Bristol, Gloucester (Hargitt
Coll.}.
4. Hampshire.
3. Crawley, Sussex, 9th June (JR. B.
Sharps).
2. Chailey, Lewes, Sussex, June
(Tristram Coll.].
2. Richmond Park, Surrey, 29th May.
6. Finchley, Middlesex, 8th May.
1. Finchley.
5. Bishop's Wood, Finchley, 10th
May.
3. Bishop's Wood, 15th May.
4. Bishop's Wood, 12th June.
5. Hampstead, Middlesex.
5. Tring, Herts, 28th May.
3. St. Neots, Huntingdon (G. Dawson
Rowley: Tristram Coll.).
5. Holkham, Norfolk, May.
4. Holkham, 2nd June.
Epping Forest, Essex.
Epping Forest (H. Saunders).
Epping Forest.
Epping Forest.
Epping Forest (J. Hepburn).
Maidstone, Kent,
Blean Wood, Kent, 25th May.
5. ^ Hythe, Kent, 10th May.
2. Spain (If. Saunders).
4. Elbeuf, Normandv (Noury : Har-
gitt Coll.).
4. Elbeuf (Noury : Hargitt Coll.).
4. Elbeuf (Noury: Hargitt Coll.).
3. Elbeuf (Noury ; Hargitt Coll.).
5. Elbeuf (Noury: Hanjitt Coll.).
3. Elbeuf, May (Noury: Hargitt
Coll.).
3. Valkenswaard, Holland.
4. Brunswick, N. Germany (Nehrkorn) .
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
PP.]- .
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Icliffe Saunders, Esq.
PP.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
MYCEROBAS. PERISSOSPIZA. 155
:}. Stolp, Pomerania, 21st May (T. Seebobm Coll.
Holland).
5. Stolp, 24th May ( T. #.). Seebobm Coll.
4. Dorpat, Baltic Provs. (Jkutow). Seebobm Coll.
4. Pankow, Berlin, 25th May. W. Radcliffe Saundere, Esc.
[P.].
6. Disco Szent Marton, Transylvania, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
29th April. [P.].
5. Bogbar Forest, Algeria, 27th May Crowley Bequest.
(If. B. Tristram}.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
4. Chingford, Essex, 30th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Genus MYCEROBAS, Cab.
Mycerobas carneipes (Hodgs.}.
(Plate IX. fig. 2.)
Pycnorbamphus carneipes, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 47 (1888) ;
Gates, fauna Brit. 2nd.. Birds, ii. p. 200 (1890) ; Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 288 (1902); id., Ibis, 1903, p. 406, pi. x.
figs. 9-11.
Mycerobas carneipes, Hartert, Votj. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 60 (1903);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 200 (1908).
Two eggs of the White-winged Grosbeak are much like those of
Perissospiza icteroides in general appearance. They are of a long
oval shape and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour is of a pale
warm grey, with boldly-marked knots, spots, and tangled lines of
rich dark brown and underlying cloudy markings of purplish- or
brownish-grey. In one specimen the markings are almost entirely
confined to the larger end, but in the specimen figured, though
more numerous round the larger end, they are also distributed
over the rest of the shell. They measure respectively 1/2 by
•78 and 1-17 by '77.
2. Kurrum Valley, 8500 ft., N.W. C. H. T. Whitehead, Esq.
India, 5th July. [P.].
Genus PERISSOSPIZA, Oberholser.
Perissospiza icteroides (Vig.).
(Plate IX. figs. 3 & 4.)
Pycnorhampbus icteroides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 44 (1888) ;
Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 198 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 150 (1890).
Perissospiza icteroides, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 200 (1908).
Three eggs of the Black-and- Yellow Grosbeak have the ground-
156 FEINGILLIDJE.
colour pale grey ish -green and possess a considerable amount of
gloss. One specimen is a broad ellipse in shape, and round one end
there is a wreath or zone of tangled lines, knots, and spots of deep
blackish-brown. The remainder of the surface of the shell is
unmarked. The other specimens have a similar but rather less
extended zone round the larger end, with a few black spots scat-
tered here and there over the remainder of the shell. The space
occupied by the zone is underlaid with a faint purplish-grey wash
in all three examples. They measure respectively: 1*18 by *78 ;
1-03 by -8 ; 1-02 by -8.
1. Sind Valley, Kashmir, 18th May Hume Coll.
(C. R. Cock).
1. Murree, N.W. Himalayas, 31st Hume Coll.
May (C. R. C.).
1. Murree, 8th June (C. R. C.). Hume Coll.
Genus ZAMELODIA, Coues.
Zamelodia ludoviciana (Linn.).
Hedvmeles ludovicianus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
"p. 70 (1874) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 336
(1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 58 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899).
Goniaphea ludoviciana, Coues, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. iv. p. 598 (1878).
Zamelodia ludoviciana, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 614
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 201 (1908).
The eggs of the Eose-breasted Grosbeak are of an oval form and
slightly glossy. They are light greenish-blue, profusely speckled
and blotched over their entire surface with chestnut-brown. In
eight eggs the measurements vary from -93 to 1*02 in length, and
from *7 to '72 in breadth.
1. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Sal vin -Godm an Coll.
1. Connecticut, U.S.A. ( W. Wood : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smiths. Inst.).
5. Hartford, Connecticut, 2nd June. W. Eadclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Groveport, Ohio (Smiths. Inst. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Zamelodia melanocephala (Swains.).
(Plate IX. fig. 5.)
Hedymeles melanocephalus, Bnird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
\\. p. 73 (1884) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 338
(1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 62 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899).
Zamelodia melanocephala, Ridgw. Birds North $• Middle Amer. i. p. 617
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 202 (1908).
Eggs of the Black-headed Grosbeak are of an oval shape and
GUIKACA. 157
somewhat glossy. They are bluish-green, mottled and blotched
with greyish-brown and pale underlying grey. They measure from
•93 to 1-08 in length, and from -68 to -71 in breadth.
One of the eggs among those from Los Angeles appears to belong
to another set. It is altogether smaller than the rest and has the
ground-colour much bluer and the spots rounder and more sharply
defined.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Fort Dufferin, Manitoba. 14th N. Ainer. Bound. Comm.
June (G. M. Dawson).
'2. Western California ( R. Ridgway : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
6. Los Angeles, California, 28th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus GUIRACA, Swains.
Guiraca caerulea (Linn.).
Guiraca caerulea, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 76
(1874) [part.] ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 344
(1884) [part.] ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 66 (1888) [part.] ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899) : Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 202
(1908).
Guiraca cserulea coerulea, Rid</io. Birds North & Middle Amer. i. p. 607
(1901).
Eggs of the Blue Grosbeak are of an oval form, slightly glossy,
and of a plain light blue colour. They measure from '9 to '96 in
length, and from -66 to «7 in breadth.
1. North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Charleston, S. Carolina, 28th W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
May. [P.].
4. Savannah, Georgia, 20th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(T.D. Perry). [P.].
Guiraca lazula (Less.).
Guiraca cserulea lazula, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 610
(1901).
Guiraca lazula, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 202 (1908).
Eggs of the Western Blue Grosbeak are indistinguishable from
those of G. ccerulea.
1. Los Angeles, California, June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
L J*
2. Mexico. Old Collection.
2. Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Mexico. Gould Coll.
158 FRINGILLIDJS.
Genus CYANOCOMPSA, Cab.
Cyanocompsa parellina (Bonap.*).
Guiraca parellina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 69 (1888) [part.];
Nehrk. Kat. Eie.rsamml p. 104 (1899).
Cyanocompsa parellina parellina, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 601 (1901).
Cyanocompsa parellina, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 203 (1908).
Four eggs of the Blue Bunting vary from a broad to a somewhat
pointed oval form and are distinctly glossy. They are pure white,
and measure from -8 to '89 in length, and from '66 to *68 in
breadth.
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
2. Yucatan (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus ORYZOBORUS, Cab.
Oryzoborus torridus (Scop.}.
Oryzoborus torridus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 77 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. EiersammL p. 105 (1899) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv.
p. 213 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 204 (1908).
An egg, said to be that of the Brazilian Pace-Grosbeak, is of a
nearly regular oval form and distinctly glossy. It has the ground-
colour pale creamy-white, finely and densely spotted all over, but
especially round the larger end, with reddish-brown and with a few
scattered markings and spots of rich dark brown. It measures
•76 by "58 ( = 21 by 15 mm.). These measurements are somewhat
greater than those given by Nehrkorn and Ihering (19 by 14 mm.).
1. Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 24th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
Oryzoborus crassirostris (Gmel.}.
(Plate IX. fig. 6.)
Oryzoborus occidentalis, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 506.
Oryzoborus crassirostris, Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 348,
footnote (1885) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 79 (1888) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 204 (1908).
The eggs of the Thick-billed Rice-Grosbeak are lengthened ovals,
and but very slightly glossy. The ground-colour is a very light
buff, and the entire surface of the egg is covered with spots,
blotches, smears and clouds of dark chocolate-brown, pale chocolate-
brown, and underlying pinkish-grey. Two examples measure
respectively : -9 by '65 ; -9 by '6.
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon).
OltYZOUOKUS. — I'YRUHULAGRA. 159
Oryzoborus funereus (ScL).
Oryzoborus funereus, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 506 ; Salv. $ Godm.
Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves,i. p. 349 (1885) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 81 (1888) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 605
(1901) j Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 205 (1908).
Three eggs of the Dusky Rice-Grosbeak are of an oval shape
and somewhat glossy. They are greenish-white, thickly marked
with reddish-brown and underlying purplish-grey. In one speci-
men the markings consist chiefly of small blotches ; in another
of dots and fine streaks. Three examples measure respectively :
•71 by -54 ; -74 by -55 ; and -75 by '55.
•2. Medellin, A ntioquia, U.S.Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon}.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
Genus PYRRHULAGRA, Less.
Pyrrhulagra ruficollis (GmeL).
(Plate IX. fig. 8.)
Pyrrhula violacea, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 254 (1847).
Loxigilla violacea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds. B. M. xii. p. 82 (1888) [part. ].
Pvrrhulagra violacea ruficollis, Ridyiv. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. i.
p. 552 (1901).
Pyrrhulagra ruficollis, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 205 (1908).
Eggs of the Purple Grosbeak are regular ovals and slightly
glossy. They are white or creamy-white, blotched and spotted,
most thickly at the larger end where the markings coalesce and form
a cap, with pale reddish-brown and underlying purplish-grey.
They measure from -9 to -96 in length, and from -62 to -68 in
breadth.
4. Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Jamaica. Rev. Barham Zincke [P.].
1. Jamaica, 8th Sept. (W. Osburn: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1 . Jamaica. Crowley Bequest,
Pyrrhulagra grenadensis (Cory).
(Plate IX. fig. 7.)
Loxigilla noctis, Lawr. P. U. S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 614 (1886).
Pyrrhulagra noctis grenadensis, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 6(30 (1901).
Pyrrhulagra grenadensis, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 206 (1908).
Two eggs of the Grenada Grosbeak are of a rather long oval form
and devoid of gloss. They are white, spotted and blotched with
reddish-brown and underlying purplish-grey, chiefly about the
160 FRINGILLID.E.
larger end where the markings form a dense cap. They measure
respectively -82 by -54 and -82 by -56.
2. Grenada (J. G. Wells). Crowley Bequest.
Pyrrhulagra barbadensis, Gory.
Loxigilla barbadensis, Cory, Auk, iii. p. 382 (1886) ; Feilden, Ibis, 1889,
p. 483.
Loxigilla noctis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 84 (1888) [part.].
Pyrrhulagra barbadensis, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 561
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 206 (1908).
Six eggs of the Barbados Grosbeak are of a rather narrow oval
shape and devoid of gloss. They are white, speckled and blotched
with pale reddish-brown and underlying violet-grey. The markings
generally form a broad zone round the larger end of the egg. They
measure from *77 to '8 in length, and from -55 to -6 in breadth.
3. Barbados, 15th May. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
3. Barbados, 18th May. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
Genus LOXIIPASSER, Bryant.
Loxiipasser anoxanthus (Gosse).
Spermophila anoxantha, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 247 (1847).
Loxigilla anoxantha, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 85 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 105 (1899).
Loxipasser anoxanthus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 546
(1901).
Loxiipasser anoxanthus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 207 (1908).
Eggs of the Yellow-shouldered Grass-quit are of an oval shape
and without gloss. They are white, speckled and blotched, more
thickly on the broader half of the egg than elsewhere, with pale
reddish-brown and underlying grey. They measure from -7 to *77
in length, and from -51 to *57 in breadth.
5. Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Jamaica (W. Osburn: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Genus SPOEOPHILA, Cab.
Sporophila grisea (Gmel.).
(Plate IX. fig. 9.)
Spermophila grisea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 96 (1888).
Sporophila grisea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 208 (1908).
Four eggs of the Venezuelan Seed-eater are of an almost perfect
oval shape and slightly glossy. In three the ground-colour is
white, blotched and spotted all over with reddish- or purplish -brown
and lilac-grey and with a few scattered spots of dark brown. In
SI'OKOIMIILA.
the fourth egg the creamy-white ground-colour is almost entirely
hidden, being densely spotted and blotched all over with dull
reddish-umber-brown and grey. They measure respectively : *68 by
•5 ; -OS by -5 ; «7 by -48 ; and «7 by -54.
1. Venezuela. W. Eadcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I
1. Venezuela. W. Hadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.l.
2. [\ enezuela.] Crowley Bequest.
Sporophila obscura (Tacz.).
(Plate IX. fig. 10.)
Spermopliila obscura, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 101 (1888) ;
Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 196,
The White-throated Finch, Holland, Ibis, 1890, p. 426.
Sporophila obscura, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 209 (1908).
The eggs of the White-throated Grosbeak are somewhat broad
ovals and devoid of gloss. Two specimens are very pale bluish-
white, speckled sparingly, and only on the larger half of the egg,
with blackish-brown and pale pink. Two other specimens are
bluish-white, spotted and blotched with black, umber-brown and
dull underlying grey. The markings are most dense at the broad
end and are there intermingled with a few fine black lines and
scrolls. Four examples measure respectively : -68 by -5 ; -67 by
•51 ; -65 by '52 ; '68 by '51.
2. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.I.
i>. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
Sporophila minuta (Linn.).
Spermophila minuta, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 506 ; Salv. & Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aces, i. p. 351 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 109 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 105 (1899) ; Ihenmj,
Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 213 (1900).
Sporophila minuta minuta, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 567
(1901).
Sporophila minuta, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 209 (1908).
Eggs of the Red-bellied Seed-eater are of a blunt oval shape and
without any gloss. They are white, sparingly marked with
blotches and spots of dark chocolate-brown and profusely sprinkled
all over with small specks and dots of pale rufous and lilac-grey.
They measure from '65 to -66 in length, arid from -5 to '53 in
breadth.
2. Medellin,Antioquia, U.S.Colombia Salvin-G odman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon}.
2. Medellin (T. K. £.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Medelliii (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Medellia (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
VOL. V. M
162 FRINGILLTD^.
Sporophila torqueola (Bonap.).
Spermopliila torqueola, Salvin fy Godman, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 351
(1885) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 119 (1888) [part.]..
Sporophila torqueola, Ridqw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 577
(1901) j Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 211 (1908).
Two eggs, said to be those of the C inn am on-r limped Seed-eater,
are of a rather long oval form, devoid of gloss, and of a uniform
pale bluish-white. They are not unlike two eggs of S. obscura
collected by Mr. A. H. Holland, but these latter have the ground-
colour nearly white and have a few small spots and markings towards
the larger end. They measure respectively '62 by "48 and
•68 by -48.
2 [S.W. Mexico.] Crowley Bequest.
Sporophila moreleti (Bonap.).
(Plate IX. figs. 11 & 12.)
Spermophila moreleti, Scl $ Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 17 ; Salv. Ibis, 1859,
p. 468 ; Merrill, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 129 (1878) ; Salv. $ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 352 (1885) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 123 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 105 (1899).
Sporophila morelleti. Ridyw. Birds North & Middle Amer. i. p. 575
(1901).
Sporophila moreleti, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 212 (1908).
Eggs of Morelet's Seed-eater are of a blunt oval form and possess
a small amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from greenish-
white to pale greenish-blue, and is sparingly blotched and spotted
with dark brownish-black and thickly covered with clouds, streaks
and blotches of various shades of pale rufous and violet-grey. In
eleven specimens the markings are equally distributed over the
surface of the shell, except the dark ones, which are chiefly at the
larger end. In two others, the markings form a dense cap at the
larger end, and the smaller half of the egg is entirely unmarked.
Specimens measure from '62 to *68 in length, and from -48 to '52
in breadth.
2. [Guatemala] (Gould Coll.: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. Duenas, Guatemala (O. Salvin). Sal vin-Godman Coll.
4. British Honduras (F. Blancaneaux). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Irazu, Costa Rica, July. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Sporophila cserulescens ( Vieill.).
Spermophila cserulescens, Sharpe, Cat. Birch B. M. xii. p. 126 (1888) ;
Scl. $ Huds. Ara. Orn. i. p. 46 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml.
p. 105 (1899) ; Enter, Rev. Mus. Paidista, iv. p. 31 (1900) ; Ihering,
Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 213 (1900).
Sporophila cserulescens, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 212 (1908).
SPOTIOPHILA*. 163
Eggs of the Screaming Seed-eater are of a rather long oval
form and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is white or
bluish-white, and the markings in most of the specimens are similar
to those of S. moreleti described above. A set of five eggs from the
Growl ey Collection differs considerably, being heavily marked with
chocolate-brown blotches and markings, chiefly distributed around
the larger end. The measurements vary from *62 to '71 in length,
and from -47 to -5 in breadth.
5, Brazil (Nehrkorn Coll. ; Tristram Crowlev Bequest.
Coll.).
4. [Brazil.] W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P-]
1. Argentina. Crowlev Bequest.
1. Buenos Ayres. Crowley Bequest.
Sporophila gutturalis (Liclit.).
(Plate IX. fig. 13.)
Spermophila gutturalis, Layard, Ibis, 1873, p. 380 • Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S.
1879, p. 507 ; Salv. # Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 354
(1885) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 128 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 105 (1899) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv.
p. 213 (1900).
Sporophila gutturalis, Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 569
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 212 (1908).
Eggs of the Yellow-bellied Seed-eater are of an elongate oval
shape and devoid of gloss. Six are pale greenish-white, sparingly
marked with small blotches and some lines of chocolate-brown and
densely streaked, smeared and clouded with purplish-brown and
purplish-grey. In one specimen the markings are mostly concen-
trated round the larger end where they form a dense reddish-umber-
browu cap. They measure from '65 to *71 in length, and from
•48 to '51 in breadth.
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman ColL
(T. K. Salmon).
5. Medellin (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Sporophila lineola {Linn.}.
Spermophila lineola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 131 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 106 (1899).
Sporophila lineola, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 213 (1908).
An egg of the Guiana Seed-eater is similar to the first type of
S. gutturalis described above. It measures '7 by '49.
1. Cayenne (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest,
164 FEINGILLID^l.
Sporophila corvina (Sd.).
Spermophila corvina, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 355
(1885); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B.M. xii. p. 337(1818); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml .p. 106 (1899).
Sporophila corvina, Richmond, P. V. S. Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 492 (1893) ;
Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 571 (1901) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 214 (1908).
Four eggs of the Black Seed-eater resemble those of S. gutturalis
so closely as to render any separate description unnecessary. They
measure respectively : -7 by -52 ; -69 by -5 ; -68 by -5 ; '64 by '52.
2. British Honduras (F. Blancaneaux). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Chiriqui, Panama (Nehrkom Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus MELOPYRRHA, Bonap.
Melopyrrha nigra (Linn.).
Melopyrrha nigra, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 141 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 106 (1899) ; Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
i. p. 562 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 215 (1908).
An egg of the Cuban Seed-eater is of a rather long oval shape
and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is creamy- white, densely
clouded with pale purplish-brown and purplish-grey and with a few
small markings and fine hair-lines of chocolate-brown. It measures
•71 by -52.
1. Cuba (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus EUETHIA, Eeiclienb.
Euethia olivacea (Linn.).
(Plate IX. fig. 15.)
Spermophila olivacea, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 249 (1847).
Spermophila adoxa, Gosse, torn. cit. p. 253.
Phonipara lepida, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 145 (1888) [part.] ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 106 (1899) [part.].
Euethia olivacea olivacea, Ridgw. Birds' North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 530
(1901).
Euethia olivacea, Sharpe, Hand-l. p. 215 (1908).
The eggs of the Yellow-faced Grassquit are of a regular oval
shape and have a slight trace of gloss. They are white, speckled
and blotched with pale rufous and underlying violet-grey. The
markings are densest over the larger end of the egg, and in many
specimens they coalesce at that part and form a cap. Examples
EUETHIA. 165
measure from '65 to -71 in length, and from -49 to -51 in
breadth.
1. Havana, Cuba (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
$• Cuba. < Irowley Bequest.
5. -Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Euethia pusilla (Swains.).
(Plate IX. fig. 16.)
Phonipara pusilla, Scl. Sf Sato. P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 507 ; Salv. $ Godm.
Biol. Cvntr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 359 (1885) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 147 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 106 (1899).
Euethia olivacea pusilla, Ridgw. Birds North & Middle Amer. i. p. 534
(1901).
Euethia pusilla, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 216 (1908).
The eggs of the Mexican Grassquit are inseparable from those
of ti. olivacea aud E. marclii. Four examples measure respectively •
•7 by -52; -67 by -5; -67 by 5 ; -65 by -5.
1. Mexico (Gould Coll.: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Irazu, Costa Rica, 30th July. C. F. Underwood [0.].
'2. Medellin, Autioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Euethia omissa, Jard.
Phonipara bicolor, A. fy E. Newton, Ibis, 1859, p. 147, pi. xii. fig. 2 ;
Lawrence, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 58 (1878) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 149 (1888) [part.].
Euethia bicolor, Verrilt, Trans. Conn. Ac. Sci. viii. p. 338 (1892).
Euethia bicolor omissa, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 538
(1901).
Euethia omissa, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 216 (1908).
Twelve eggs of the Carib Grassquit are of a regular oval shape
and are almost devoid of gloss. Nine of them resemble those of
K. oUvacea, but the remaining three have the entire shell finely
mottled and clouded with dull brick-red, the markings being densest
towards the larger end. They measure from -65 to '69 in length,
and from "47 to *52 in breadth.
3. St. Croix, West Indies (A. $ E. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Newton).
3. St. Croix (A. # E. N.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. St. Croix (A. & E. N. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
3. St. Vincent, W. I. (Mrs. H. H. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smith).
166
EuetMa march! (Baird).
Spermophila bicolor, Gosse, Birds of Jamaica, p. 252 (1847).
Euethia bicolor, Lawrence, P. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 614 (1886) ; Feilden,
Ibis, 1889, p. 484 ; Nicoll, Ibis, 1904, p. 557.
Phonipara marcliii, Skarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 150 (1888) [part.];
Nehrk.Kat.Eiersamml. p. 106 (1899).
Euethia bicolor marcliii, Ridyiv. Birds North Ǥr Middle Amer. i. p. 541
(1901).
Euethia marchi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 216 (1908).
Eggs of March's Grassquit are well represented in the
Collection and are very similar to those of E. olivacea, but some are
of a broader oval form, and in some the markings round the larger
end form a densely marked zone or cap. They measure from '61
to '7 in length, and from -48 to -52 in breadth.
6. Jamaica, West Indies. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Kingston, Jamaica,31st May ( C. B. Crowley Bequest.
Taylor).
4. Barbados, \V. I., June. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.I
4. Barbados, June. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.J.
3. Barbados, 16th Jan. (M. J. Nicoll.). Earl of Crawford [P.].
3. Barbados, 16th Jan. (M. J. N.). Earl of Crawford ["P. |.
1. Barbados, 16th Jan. (M. J. N.). Earl of Crawford [P.].
1. Grenada, W. 1., 29th Jan. (M. J. N.). Earl of Crawford [P.].
6. Grenada (J. G. Wells). Crowley Bequest.
4. Grenada (J. G. W.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Grenada (J. G. W.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus VOLATINIA, Reiclieiib.
Volatinia jacarini (Linn.).
Volatinia jacarini, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 152 (1888) [part] ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 106 (1899) ; Eider, Eev. Mus. Paulista,
iv. p. 30 (1900) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 213 (1900) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 217 (1908).
According to Nehrkorn, the eggs of the Jacarini Grassquit
resemble those laid by the various species of Euethia.
An egg said to be of this species, but more probably that of some
species of Elainea, is of a blunt oval shape and almost devoid of
gloss. It is pale creamy-white with a few scattered spots and dots
of chocolate-brown, mostly situated round the larger end. It
measures -68 by *5.
1. Brazil (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Volatinia splendens ( Vieill. ).
(Plate IX. fig. 17.)
Volatinia jacarina, Scl. $ Satv. (nee Linn.) P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 507 ; Forbes,
Ibis, 1881, p. 336 ; Lawrence, P. U.S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 615 (1886).
TYRRHULOXIA. 1G7
Volatiuia splendens, Salv. &• Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 357
(1885) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 217 (1908).
Volatinia jacarini, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 152 (1888) [part.].
Volatinia jacarini splendens. Hidgw. Birds North 8c Middle Amer. i. p. 526
(1901).
Eggs of the Blue-black Grassquit are of a blunt oval shape
and slightly glossy. They are white, speckled and blotched with
reddish-brown of two shades. The markings are dense at the
larger end of the egg, where they form a zone or cap of greater or
lesser extent. Eight examples measure from '6 to '7 in length,
and from '5 to *54 in breadth.
1. Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Mexico. Gould Coll.
1. Irazu, Costa Rica, October. C. F. Underwood [C.].
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
2. Medellin (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godinan ColL
Genus PYRRHULOXIA, Bonap.
Pyrrhuloxia sinuata, Bonap.
(Plate IX. fig. 14.)
Pyrrhuloxia sinuata, Jiaird, Brewer fy Hidgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 95
(1874) [part.]; Sennett, Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey, iv. p. 21 (1878) ;
Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 343 (1884); Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 158 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 106
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 218 (1908).
Pyrrhuloxia sinuata sinuata. Hidgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 625 (1901).
Three eggs of the Western Texas Cardinal- Gosbeak are of a
broad rounded oval form and have a small amount of gloss. They
are white, speckled and blotched all over, but more densely at the
broad end than elsewhere, with umber-brown and underlying
purplish-grey. They measure respectively : '89 by *72 ; *94 by *76 ;
and -95 by *76.
1. Texas (Smiths. List.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Texas. Crowley Bequest.
Pyrrhuloxia texana, Eidgw.
Pvrrlmloxia sinuata texana, Hidgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 628 (1901).
Pyrrhuloxia texana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 218 (1908).
Three eggs of the Southern Cardinal-Grosbeak resemble those of
P. sinuata, but are of a regular oval form. They measure re-
spectively : -9 by -68 ; -92 by -68 ; and -96 by -69.
.°,. San Antonio, Texas, 30th April. W. Radelifle Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
ElUNGILLIDJE.
Genus CARDINALIS, Bonap.
Cardinalis cardinalis (Linn.).
Cardinalis virginianus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 100 (1874) [part.] ; Reid, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 25, p. 200
(1884) ; Salv. §• Godm. Biol Centr.-Amei:, Aves, i. p. 340 (1884)
[part.l ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml. p. 106 ( 1899).
Cardinal cardinalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 161 (1888); id.
Hand-l. v. p. 219 (1908).
Cardinalis cardinalis cardinalis, Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. 635 (1901).
Eggs of the Cardinal are of an elongate oval shape and possess a
considerable amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from
white to ashy or greenish- white, and is very thickly covered with
spots, streaks and blotches of ashy-brown and underlying purplish-
grey. On many specimens the markings are large and more or
less confluent; on others they are fine and distinct. In most
cases they form an ill-defined cap at the larger end. Numerous
specimens measure from '89 to I'l in length, and from §62 to '78
in breadth.
2. North America (Henshaiv Col/). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godraan Coll.
3. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Bermuda. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Bermuda (S. G. R.). Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.J.
4. Bermuda (S. G. R.). Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.J.
4. Bermuda (S. G. R.). Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.J.
2. Bermuda (J. Martache : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Bermuda (J. M. : Tristram Coll.) . Crowley Bequest.
2. Bermuda (J. M. : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Ireland I., Bermuda (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Cardinalis canicauda, Chapman.
(Plate IX. figs. 18 & 19.)
Cardinalis virginianus, Sennett, Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. iv. p. 21 (1878).
Cardinalis cardinalis canicaudus, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 639 (1901).
Cardinalis canicauda, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 219 (1908).
Nine eggs of the Grey-tailed Cardinal resemble the finely spotted
examples of C. cardinalis described above, and do not differ either
in shape or in size.
4. Texas, 20th March. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. San Antonio, Texas, 3rd May. W. Radcliffe Sauuders, Esq.
CAKDINALIS. — SALTATOR. l(i-'
Cardinalis super bus, Ridyiv.
(Plate IX. fig. 22.)
Cardinalis cardinalis superbus, Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. (545 (1901).
Cardiualis superbus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 220 (1908).
An egg of the Arizona Cardinal is of a rather pointed oval shape
and somewhat glossy. It is white, finely spotted all over, but
especially towards the larger end, with pale umber-brown and
purplish-grey. It measures 1/0 by '72.
1. Tucson, Arizona, 26th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Cardinalis igneus, Baird.
Cardinalis viririnianus, var. igneus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridcjiv. N. Amer.
Birds, ii. p. 103 (1874).
Cardinalis igneus, Kalv. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 341
(1884) [part.]; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 164 (1888) [part.];
id. Hand-l.\. p. 220 (1908).
Cardinalis cardinalis igneus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 647 (1901).
Two eggs of the Saint-Lucas Cardinal are similar to some of
the finely spotted forms of G. cardinalis described above. They
measure respectively : -9 by -68 ; -95 by -68.
2. [Lower California (Smiths. Inst.).~\ Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus SALTATOR, Vieill.
The eggs of the birds of this genus (which has usually been
included among the Tanagers) appear to be very similar to one
another in shape and colour. They are of a somewhat narrow oval
form, the smaller end generally pointed, but occasionally blunt, and
possess a considerable amount of gloss. They are blue, marked
almost entirely in a zone or wreath around the broad end, rarely
round the smaller end, with lines and blotches of deep black. In
some eggs the zone is composed of an intricate tracery of fine lines,
intermingled with a few spots and blotches. In others the zone is
imperfect and is composed of blotches and hieroglyphic-like scrawls.
There is rarely even a speck on any other part of the shell.
Saltator atriceps, Less.
Saltator atriceps, Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 443; Salv. $ Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p/32o (1884) [part.]; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M.
xi. p. 283 (18SG) ; Nchrk. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 97 (1899); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 222 (1U08).
170 FEINGILLTDJE.
Saltator atriceps atriceps, Ridyw. Birds North & Middle Amer. i. p. 661
(1901).
Two eggs of the Black-capped Salfcator measure respectively
1-1 by -72 and 1-2 by -75.
1. Yucatan (G. F. Gaumer}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
Saltator medianus, Ridyw.
(Plate IX. figs. 20 & 21.)
Saltator magnoides medianus, Ridmu. Birds North & Middle Amer. i.
p. 664 (1901).
Saltator medianus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 223 (1908).
Eggs of the Buff-throated Saltator measure from -99 to 1-05 in
length, and from '75 to '78 in breadth.
1. Irazu, Costa Rica, 9th May. C. F. Underwood [C.].
4. Chiriqui, Veragua (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Saltator magnus (Ghnel.).
Tanagra magna, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxii. tig. 1 (1845-54).
Saltator magnus, Scl. fy Sale. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 505 j Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 285 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 98 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 223 (1908).
Two eggs of the Great Saltator measure respectively 1*1 by '75
and 1-06 by -72.
2. Remedies, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon).
Saltator grandis (Licht.).
Saltator grandis, Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 328 (1884) ;
Scl Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 283 (1886) ; Cherrie, Auk, ix. p. 27
(1892) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 98 (1899) ; Ridgw. Birds North
8f Middle Amer. i. p. 666 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 223 (1908).
Eggs of the Great Saltator measure from '96 to 1*18 in length,
and from '75 to *8 in breadth.
2. British Honduras (F. Blancaneaux). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. British Honduras (F. B.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. British Honduras (F. B. ). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. British Honduras, 25th May (F. B.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. British Honduras, 27th May (F. B.), Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Irazu, Costa Rica, 8th May. C. F. Underwood [C.].
SALTATOK. 171
Saltator olivascens, Cab.
Saltator olivascens, ScL Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 289 (1886); Allen,
Bull. Amcr. Mus. xxi. p. 291 (1904) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 98
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 223 (1908).
An ego; of Cabanis' Saltator has the zone round the larger end
composed of an intricate tracery of very fine lines and small spots.
It measures V05 by '7.
1. Merida, Venezuela. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Saltator caerulescens, Vieill.
Saltator cserulescens, ScL Cat Birds B. M. xi. p. 290 (1886) ; Scl.fyHuds.
Argent. Orn. i. p. 42 (1888) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 224 (1908).
Two eggs of the Greyish Saltator are of the usual type, but one
is remarkable in having a few black spots scattered over the lower
part of the shell. They measure respectively 1/15 by -76 and
1-1 by -78.
2. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
Saltator azarae, UOrb.
Saltator superciliaris, ScL Cat, Birds B. M. xi. p. 291 (1886) [part.].
Saltator magnus, Nehrk. (nee Gtnel.) Kat. Eiersamml. p. 98 (1899).
Saltator azarse, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 224 (1908).
Two eggs of Azara's Saltator measure respectively ]/14 by *79
and 1-08 by -71.
1. Peru (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
1. Peru (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Saltator aurantiirostris, Vieill.
Saltator aurantiirostris, ScL Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 292 (1886) ; ScL fy
Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 42 (1888) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 98
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 224 (1908).
Three eggs of the Yellow-billed Saltator measure respectively
1-0 by -78; 1-1 by -8 ; and M2 by -8.
3. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
Saltator albicollis, Vieill.
Saltator albicollis, ScL fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 505, pi. xlii. fig. 9 : Salv.
$ Godm. Biol. Cent.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 330 (1884) [part.] ; ScL Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 294 (1886) [part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 98
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 225 (1908).
Eggs of the White-necked Saltator measure from -95 to 1*0 in
length, and from •? to '75 in breadth.
172 FKINGILLID^E.
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. K. Salmon).
2. Medellin (Tristram Coll}. Crowley Bequest.
6. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.
2. Venezuela (Nehrkorn Coll : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
Genus FEJNGILLA, Linn.
Fringilla teydea, Well $ Berth.
(Plate X. fig. 16.)
Fringilla teydea, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 25 (1 873) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 170 (1888) ; Gomez, Ibis, 1889, p. 260; Meade-Waldo,
Ibis, 1889, p. 517 ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 310 (1902) ;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 129 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 225 (1908).
Two eggs of the Teydean Chaffinch are of a rather long pointed
oval shape and slightly glossy. They are pale blue, spotted and
blotched at the larger end with dark chocolate-brown and pale
purplish-grey. They measure respectively "95 by "65 and '95
by -62.
2. The Peak, 6000 ft., Tenerife, 25th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
June (JR. v. Thanner]. [P.].
Fringilla ccelebs, Linn.
Fringilla ccelebs, Thien. Fortpflanz. aes, Vog. p. 410, tab. xxxvi. fig. 5,
a-e (1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. xii. fig. 3 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 192, pi. xlix. fig. i (1856) ;
Dresser, Bird's Eur. iv. p. 3 (1873) ; Seelohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 100,
pi. 13 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 171 (1888) ; See-
bohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 243, pi. 56. figs. 19 & 20 (1896) ; Rey,
Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 328, pi. 39. figs. 1-8 (1900) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 306 (1902) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds,
p. 82, pi. 10. figs. 1-8 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 225 (1908).
Fringilla coelebs ccelebs, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 125 (1904).
The eggs of the Chaffinch are typically of a broad oval form, and
possess a moderate amount of gloss. They are of many types
of coloration. In the commonest, the ground-colour is pale
purplish-grey suffused with soft clouds of pale rufous, especially at
the broad end, where the markings are, as a rule, most numerous.
These consist of spots of various sizes, and occasionally of short
crooked lines of deep chocolate-brown, the edges being blurred and
merging into the surrounding rufous clouds.
In a second type, the egg is pale bluish-green, the large end
covered with a cap of faint rufous and marked with a few tiny
dots and spots of dark brown.
In a third type, the egg is pale bluish-green, either plain or
marked with a few minute specks.
In a fourth type, the egg is pale bluish-green marked, mostly at
FUIN<;ILLA.
173
the broad end, with lilac blotches and chocolate-brown spots.
Eggs of this type have sometimes a wreath of tangled lines round
the broad end in addition to the other markings.
In a fifth type, the egg is a clear bluish-green, delicately marked
with small, well-defined chocolate-brown spots, chiefly disposed
over the broad end and intermixed with a few faint grey under-
lying specks.
The eggs measure from '7 to '85 in length, and from -52 to -G3
in breadth.
3. Knockie, Inverness-shire, 21st May
(Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Lochend, June (Htrgitt Coll.}.
4. Lochend, 5th June (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Port Glair, near Fort Augustus, In-
verness-shire, 15th May (Hargitt
Coll.}.
4. England.
5. England.
5. England.
5. Hackness, Yorks, 17th May.
4. Cambridgeshire.
4. Cambridgeshire.
3. Cambridge, 2nd May.
5. Southery Manor, near Downham,
Norfolk, 22nd May ( W. R. S.}.
5. Taplow, Berkshire, April.
5. Wembley, Middlesex, 3rd May
(H. T. Booth}.
2. Finchley, Middlesex.
3. Finchley.
4. Finchley.
4. Hornsey, Middlesex.
5. Tilford, Surrey.
5. Churt, Surrey, May.
5. Alton, Hants.
4. Avington, Hants, loth May
(Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Tollar, Dorset, 1st June (S. II.
Wallis}.
3. Valkenswaard, Holland, 10th May.
4. Sundal Valley, Norway, June.
4. Sundal Valley, June.
4. Sundal Valley, 23rd June.
4. Sundal Valley, 23rd June.
4. Sundal Valley, 23rd June.
5. Sweden.
5. Oifenbach, Hesse, 5th June.
4. Mark Brandenberg, 1st May.
4. Mark Brandenberg, 29th May.
5. Pomerania, 10th May ( T. Holland}.
5. Pomerania, 20th May (T. H.}.
5. Pomerania, 30th May (T. 7/.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
Old Collection.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
HP.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.I.
F. Bond, Esq. [PA
T. E. Hailstone, Esq. [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Gould Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Ivin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Salvin-Godmari Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Sounders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.I
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.I
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe 'P.J.
Dr. R, Bowdler Sharpe 'P.I.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.I.
Gould Coll.
Crowlev Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Pvt
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
174 PKOGILLID.E.
5. Pomerania, 1st June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Pomerania, 2nd June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Pomerania, 2nd June ( T. H.}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Moravia, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Parnassus, Greece, 5th May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm $ T. Kriiper).
4. Parnassus, 7th May (H. S. # T. K,). Seebohm Coll.
5. Parnassus, 8th May (H.S.fyT.K.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Parnassus, 9th May (H. S. $ T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
4. High Wycombe. Bucks, llth June. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
5. Near Brighton, Sussex, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Hungary, 26th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Fringilla maderensis, Sharpe.
Fringilla maderensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 175 (1888) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 308 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 226 (1908).
Fringilla coelebs maderensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 128
(1904).
Four eggs of the Madeira Chaffinch are indistinguishable from
those of the second type of F. coelebs described above.
4. Porto da Cruz, Madeira, 20th May. Padre E. Schmitz [0.].
Fringilla moreleti, Pucker.
Fringilla moreleti, Godman, Ibis, 1866, p. 97 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 176 (1888) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 308 (1902) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 226 (1908).
Fringilla tmtillon, Dresser (nee Webb fy Berth.), Birds Ear. iv. p. 9
(1873).
Fringilla moreletti, Koenig, J.f. O. 1890, p. 277.
Fringilla coelebs moreletti, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 128
(1904).
Eggs of the Azorean Chaffinch resemble those of the common
type of F. coelebs and are not distinguishable from them by any
character.
4. St. Michael's, Azores, June ( F. D. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Godman).
2. Ponta Delgada, St. Michael's, Dr. Percy Lowe [P.], '
29th May (P. L.}.
2. Fayal, Azores (F. D. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Terceira, Azores, June (F. D. G.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
175
Fringilla canariensis, Vieill.
Fringilla canariensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. 3/. xii. p. 177 (1888) ; id.
Hand-l. v. p. 226 (1908).
Fringilla tintillon, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 307 (1902).
Fringilla ccelebs canariensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 129 (1904).
Eggs of the Canarian Chaffinch, resemble those of the common
type of F. coelebs in all particulars.
3. Canary Islands (Dr. A. C. Stark). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Orotava, Tenerife (Ramon Gomez). Crowley Bequest.
Fringilla spodiogenys, Bonap.
Fringilla spodiogena, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 313 ; Tristram, Ibis, 1860,
p. 152 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 13 (1873).
Fringilla spodiogenys, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 177 (1888);
Koenig, J.f. 0. 1890, p. 277 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 309 (1902) ; Whitaker, Birds
Tunis, i. p. 214 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 220 (1908).
Fringilla ccelebs spodiogenys, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 127
(1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 84 (1906).
Fringilla coelebs africana, Levaill. ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 127 (1904).
Fringilla africana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 226 (1908).
Eggs of the Algerian Chaffinch resemble those of the common
type of F. ccelebs. They measure from -8 to *86 in length, and
from '6 to *61 in breadth.
2. Algeria, 12th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Algeria, 6th May (H. B. Tristram). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Near Algiers, June (H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
4. Near Algiers, May (H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Tunis. Mr. L. Fraser [C.].
4. Gafsa, Tunis, 19th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Fringilla montifringilla, Linn.
Fringilla montifringilla, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 413, tab. xxxvi.
fig. 6, a-e (1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 2 (1855-
p. 96, pi. 13 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 178 (1888) ;
Seebohm,Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 243, pi. 57. fig. 1 (1896) ; JRey, Eier
Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 330, pi. 39. figs. 9-16 (1900); Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 311 (1902) ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii.
p. 396, pi. xi. figs. 25-30 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 130 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 85, pi. 10. tigs. 9-16
(1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 226 (1908).
Many of the eggs of the Brambling are quite inseparable from
the common type of egg of F. coelebs. Others resemble the eggs of
176
FRINGILLID^l.
the fourth type. Some are pale bluish-green, thickly freckled all
over with dull rufous ; others are nearly uniform greyish-blue, with
few or no markings, and others again are intermediate between
the types of eggs of F. coslebs already described. They measure
from -7 to -8 in length, and from -53 to -6 in breadth.
Norway.
Norway, 29th May (/. T. Thomas-
son; Harqitt Coll.).
Norway, 61°' N. lat., 29th May (J.
A. Harvie Brown).
Norway, 68° N. lat. (Meves).
Norway, 68° N. lat., 6th July (H.
Seebohm).
Sundal Valley, Norway, 23rd June.
Sundal Valley, 23rd June.
Bodo, Norway, 9th May (P. Godman).
Bodo, 19th June (P. £.).
Bodo, 16th June (P. G. : Tristram
Coll.}.
Lapland, 13th June.
Lapland, 22nd June.
Lapland.
Lapland.
Lapland (Meves).
Lapland (H. Wheelwright).
Tornea, Lapland, 10th June.
Tornea, 23rd June.
Tornea, 25th June.
Quickiock, Lapland (H. W. : Har-
gitt Coll.).
Quickiock (H. W.).
Quickiock, 4th June (H. W. : Tris-
tram Coll.).
Dickapala, Lapland, 12th June
(Tristram Coll.: Hargitt Coll.).
Kautokino, Lapland.
Uoma-vaara, Sadio, Kemi Lapp-
mark («/". Wolley: Tristram Coll.).
Kaaressuandov Kemi Lappinark
25th July (J. W.).
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Dr. E. Bowdler Sharpe [P.I.
Dr. E. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
PP.]-
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
PP.]-
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
T. Parkin, Esq. [P.].
Kittila, Lappmark, 16th June.
Peltoruoma, Lappmark, 26th June.
Peltoruoma, 20th June.
Eiska Karelen, Finland, 24th June.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Eadcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Eadcliffe Sauuders, Esq.
[p.].
CABDURLIB.
Genus CARDUELIS, Briss.
Carduelis carduelis (Linn.}.
Fringilla carduelis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vog. p. 407, tab. xxxv.
fig. 9, a-c (1845-54).
Carduelis elegans, Baedeker, Eier Ear. Vb'y. tab. 20. fig. 3 (1855-03) ;
Danford, Ibis, 1878, p. 23 ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 274
(1902) [part.].
Carduelis carduelis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 182 (1888) [part.] ;
Reif, Eier Voy. Mitteleurop. p. 319, pi. 40. figs. 16-20 (1900) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 227 (1908).
Acantliis carduelis carduelis, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Fauna, pt. i. p. 67
(1903).
Carduelis carduelis carduelis, Jourd. Egys Europ. Birds, p. 60, pi. 11.
figs. 16-20 (1906).
The eggs of the European Goldfinch are of a pointed oval shape,
and many are moderately glossy, while some are quite devoid of
gloss. The ground-colour varies from, bluish-white to pale
greenish-blue and is marked, chiefly over the broader half of the
egg, with specks, spots, and short lines, which vary in colour from
pinkish-brown to dark chocolate-brown. At the broad end there
are usually many spots and clouds of lilac, underlying the other
markings. The eggs measure from *62 to *71 in length, and from
•48 to -53 in breadth.
5. Parnassus, Greece, 5th May (H. See- Seebohm Coll.
bohm Sf T. Kriiper).
4. Parnassus, 6th May (H. S.fyT.K.}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Parnassus, 7th May (H. S. $ T.K.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Parnassus, 9th May (H. S. $ T. K.}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Parnassus, oth June (H. S. $ T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Asia Minor (C. G. Danford). Seebohm Coll.
3. Asia Minor, 27th April (C. G. D.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Syria. Crowley Bequest.
Carduelis britannica, Hartert.
Fringilla carduelis, Hewitson, Eygs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 196, pi. 1. fig. i
(1856); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 87, pi. 12 (1884); id. Eyys of
Brit. Birds, p. 241, pi. 66. fig. 17 (189o).
Acautlns carduelis britannicus, Hartert, Vb'g. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 68
(1903).
Carduelis carduelis britannica, Jourd. Eyys Europ. Birds, p. 49 (1906).
Carduelis britannica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. *p. 227 (1908).
Eggs of the British form of the Goldfinch do not differ from
those of its Continental representative, described above.
5. Co. Donegal, Ireland, 20th May. J. Steele Elliott, Esq. [P.
4. Cappagh, Co. Waterfbrd, 29th May Seebohm Coll.
(It. J. Usslier}.
5. Cappagh, 4th June (It. J. U.). Seebohm Coll.
VOL. V. N
4. Shifnal, Shropshire, 4th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Epsom, Surrey, 17th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Keigate, Surrey, 22nd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Oare, Faversham, Kent, 23rd May W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
(H. T. Sooth). [P.].
4. Near Selling, Kent, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Alton, Hants. Crowley Bequest.
6. Alresford, Hants, May. Crowley Bequest.
Carduelis parva, Tschusi d x Serinus canaria (Linn.) $ .
Pour eggs laid by the Canary are of a rather broad, somewhat
pointed oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is
pale greenish-white, rather faintly and finely mottled all over with pale
rufous and purplish-grey. They measure from -68 to '7 in length,
and -5 in breadth.
4. [ Madeira.] 2nd April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Carduelis africana, Hartert.
Carduelis elegans, Sakin, Ibis, 1859, p. 313 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 220.
Acanthis carduelis africanus, Hartert, Vdg. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 69
(1903).
Carduelis carduelis, Whitdker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 191 (1905).
Carduelis carduelis africana, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 51 (1906).
Carduelis africana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 228 (1908).
Eggs of the Iberian Goldfinch are indistinguishable from those of
the European form. They vary from '62 to '7 in length, and from
•5 to '52 in breadth.
5. Setubal, Portugal, 6th May. Don L. Gonzaga do Nasci-
mento [P.].
5. Colmenar, S. Spain, 15th June Seebohm Coll.
(If. Saunders: Hargitt Coll.).
4. Malaga, S. Spain, 19th May (H. S. ; Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 12th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(O. Salvin).
1. Ain Djendeli, 13th May (H. B. Crowley Bequest.
Tristram).
1 . Ain Dj endeli, 18th May (H. B.T.). Crowley Bequest.
Carduelis orientalis (Eversm.).
Acanthis caniceps orientalis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 70
(1903).
Carduelis orientalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 229 (1908).
Eggs of the Eastern Goldfinch are similar to those of C. carduelis,
SPTXUS. 179
but rather larger. They measure from 71 to *72 iu length, and
from '51 to '52 in breadth.
2. Altai Mts., 3rd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PI
2. Altai Mts. (Nehrkorn Coll}. Crowley Bequest.
2. Kuldja, Mongolia, 5th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esjq.
[P.].
2. Kuldja, 5th June. Crowley Bequest.
5. Astrabad, N. Persia, 8th May. W. Radcliife Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus SPINUS, Koch.
Spinus xanthogaster (Du Bus).
Chrysomitris xanthogastra, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 508.
Chrysomitris xanthogaster, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i.
p. 430 (1886) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 209 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899).
Spinus xanthogaster, Itidaw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 105
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 230 (1908).
Eggs of Bryant's Siskin are of a pointed oval shape, and without
gloss. They are pale green, speckled with deep reddish-brown and
underlying lilac, thickly at the broad, end and sparingly elsewhere.
Pour measure respectively : -67 by '49 ; -69 by *48 ; '67 by -52 ;
and -67 by -5.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia ( T. K. Salmon).
2. Santa Elena (T. K. £.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Spinus atratus (UOrl. fy Lafr.}.
(Plate X. fig. 2.)
Chrysomitris atrata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 212 (1888).
Spinus atratus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 230 (1908).
An egg in the Collection, said to be that of the Black Siskin, is of
a regular oval shape and almost without gloss. It is pale greenish-
white, finely spotted over the entire shell with yellowish-brown and
lilac-grey. This egg, if correctly identified, is of a different type
from those of the allied species. It measures -81 by *6.
1. Tumbez, Peru. Crowley Bequest.
Spinus spinus (Linn.'}.
Fringilla spinus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. aes. Vog. p. 399, tab. xxxv.
fig. 14, a, b, c (1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 198,
pi. 1. fig. ii (1856); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 92, pi. 12 (1884);
id. Eyyl of Brit. Birds, p. 242, pi. oG. fig. 18 (1896).
180
FKINGILLID^E.
Chrysomitris spinus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. fig. 2 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 541 (1870) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii.
p. 212 (1888) ; JRey, Eier Vog. Mittekurop. p. 321, pi. 40. figs. 21-25
(1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 276 (1902).
Acanthia spinus, Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. i. p. 71 (1903).
Carduelis spinus, Jourd. Eyijs Europ. Birds, p. 52, pi. 11. figs. 21-25
(1906).
Spinus spinus, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 230 (1908).
Eggs of the Siskin are typically of a pointed oval form and very
slightly glossy. They are bluish-white, speckled and blotched,
more thickly over the broad end than elsewhere, with pale rufous
and underlying lilac. The majority of the specimens are marked in
addition, and almost entirely at. the broad end, with a few specks
and lines of deep chocolate-brown or black, and are not separable
from the eggs of the Goldfinch. They measure from *6 to '72 in
length, and from -45 to -53 in breadth.
4. Co. Wicklow, Ireland, 22nd April
(Allan Ellison).
4. Scotland.
4. Ross-shire.
4. Scotsburn Wood, Ross-shire
(J. Hancock).
5. West Ross-shire, 26th April
(W. Stirling).
5. West Ross-shire, 26th April
(W.S.).
5. Balnagown, Ross-shire, 30th May
(A. McDonald).
5. Balnagown, June (J. Hancock:
Tristram Coll.).
1. Elvedon, Suffolk, June.
3. Hendon, Middlesex.
6. Hornsey, Middlesex.
1. Sweden (Tristram Coll.}.
3. Stockholm, June (Tristram Coll.).
4. West Gothland, Sweden, llth
April.
3. Esthonia, Baltic Provs., 10th May
(Russow).
2. Reval, Baltic Provs. (Russow).
5. Mark Brandenburg, 14th June.
5. Harz Mts., 17th May.
6. Issyk Kul, Turkestan, 3rd June.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Gcdman Coll.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclitte Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radclitte Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Spinus citrinellus (Linn.).
Fringilla citrinella, Thien. Fortpjlanz. qes. Vog. p. 402, tab. xxxv.
tig. 16, «, b (1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Eur. iii. p. 106, pi. (1867) ; id.,
torn. cit. 2nd ed. iv. p. 30, pi. (1875).
Citrinella alpina, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voff. tab. 20. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Chrysomitris citrinella, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 535 (1877) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 230 (1888) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop.
SPINUS.
181
p. 320, pi. 39. figs. 22-20 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 278(1902),
Acantliis citrinclla citriuella, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 81
(1903).
Carduelis citrinella, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 64, pi. 10. figs. 22-26
(1906).
Spinus citrinellus, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 231 (1908).
The eggs of the Citril Finch resemble those of the Goldfinch and
Siskin so closely that they cannot be separated from them. One
clutch of eggs from Zurich is pale bluish-white and unspotted.
Specimens measure from -6 to -7 in length, and from -48 to -52 in
breadth.
6. Switzerland, 7th May.
5. Switzerland.
4. Switzerland, 23rd June.
4. Zurich, Switzerland, 2nd June.
4. Jura Mountains, 3rd May ( T. Hol-
land).
1. Jura Mountains, 16th May ( T. H.}.
3. Jura Mountains, 6th June ( T. H.).
5. Sicily, 18th May.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.j.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.J.
Spinus tottus (Sparrm.).
Chrysoniitris totta, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 231 (1888) ; Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 182 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 175
(1902).
Spinus tottus, Reichenoiv, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 276 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 231 (1908).
An egg in the Collection, said to be that of the South-African
Siskin, is of a broad oval shape and devoid of gloss. It is whitish
(probably faded), with one or two spots of dark brown and pale
brownish-lilac near the larger end. It measures *71 by *52. Stark
describes eggs of this species as being " pale bluish-green, sparingly
spotted and sometimes zoned with reddish-brown of two shades.
They average -72 x '54."
1. Cape Colony (Tristram Coll.).
Crowley Bequest.
Spinus barbatus (Molina).
Chrysoniitris magellanica, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 216.
Cbrysomitria barbata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 216 (1886).
Spinus barbatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 231 (1908).
Two eggs of the Patagonian Siskin are elliptical in shape, slightly
glossy, and of a very pale bluish-white colour. They measure
respectively : -69 by '51 ; -7 by '5.
Two eggs from the Crowley Collection, also believed to be of this
182
species, are of a rather pointed oval shape. One is greyish-white
and the other greenish-white, and both are unspotted. They
measure respectively '7 by -52 and -71 by -55.
2. South America. Old Collection.
2. [South America.] Crowley Bequest.
Spinus ictericus (Licht.).
Chrysomitris mageJlanica, Gibson, Ibis, 1880, p. 30.
Chrysomitris icterica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 217 (1888) ; Scl.
$ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 64 (1889) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 197 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista,
iv. p. 21.3 (1900).
Spin us ictericus, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 231 (1S08).
The eggs of the Black-headed Siskin are of a regular oval form,
devoid of gloss, and of a plain bluish-white colour. They measure
from '65 to '68 in length, and from *49 to '51 in breadth. The
eggs of this species are said to be sometimes spotted.
2. Argentina, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [0.].
3. Argentina, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
Spinus notatus (Du Bus).
Chryponritris notata, Salv. # Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 428
(1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899).
Spinus notatus notatus, Ridgiv. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 102
(1901).
Spinus notatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 232 (1908).
The two eggs of the Mexican Black-headed Siskin are of a pale
bluish-white colour, entirely devoid of markings. One is of a
rather blunt oval shape, the other more pointed, and both are devoid
of gloss. They measure respectively *80 by *42 and '58 by *44.
Probably the eggs described by Nehrkorn as being of this species
have been wrongly identified : they are apparently much too large
(19 by 12£ mm.).
2. Mexico. Gould Coll.
Genus HYPACANTHIS, Cab.
Hypacanthis spinoides ( Vig.).
Chrysomitris spinoides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 201 (1888) ;
"Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 277 (1902).
Hypacanthis spinoides, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 231 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eygs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 156 (1890) ; Sharpe}
Hand-l. v. p. 233 (1908).
Acanthis spinoides, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 73 (1903).
Eggs of the Himalayan Siskin are of a regular oval shape and
slightly glossy. They are very pale green, speckled and otherwise
ASTRAGALINUS. 183
marked very sparingly, and almost entirely at the broad end, with
brown or black. Some specimens are marked, also at the broad
end, with underlying grey or pale lilac. They measure from '67 to
•72 in length, and from '52 to '54 in breadth.
2. Simla, N.W. Himalaya, 25th Hume Coll.
Aug. (A. O. Hume).
1. Kotgarh, N.W. Himalaya, 25th Hume Coll.
April (A. O. //.).
2. Kotgarh, 24th May (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
Genus ASTRAGALINUS, Cab.
Astragalinus tristis (Linn.).
Clirysomitris tristis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 471
(1874); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 195 (1888); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899).
Astragalinus tristis tristis, Ridgw. Birds North & Middle Amer. i. p. 109
(1901).
Astragalinus tristis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 233 (1908).
The eggs of the American Siskin, or Yellow-bird, are without
gloss and of a uniform bluish-white colour. They appear to vary
much in size and shape. One specimen is of a blunt oval form and
measures '68 by *54 ; others are pointed ovals and measure, on the
average, *65 by '5.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Bangor, Maine, 29th May (T. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
Bailey). [P.].
5. West Newbury, New Hampshire, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
9th August (G. E. Oilman). [P.].
2. Massachusetts ( T. M. Brewer : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. Chester Co., Pennsylvania ( C. /. Princeton University, N. J.
Pennock). [E.J.
Astragalinus pallidus (Mearns).
Astragalinus tristis pallidus, Ridgw. Birds North & Middle Amer. i. p. Ill
(1901).
Astragalinus pallidus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 234 (1908).
Eggs of the Western Goldfinch are indistinguishable from those
of A. tristis. They measure from '6 to '62 in length, and from *48
to *49 in breadth.
4. Tucson, Arizona, July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
184 FRIJTGILLIDJE.
Astragalinus psaltria
Chrysomitris psaltria, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 204 (1888).
Astragalinus psaltria psaltria, Ridyiu. Birds North 4' Middle Amer. i.
p. 114 (1901).
Astragalinus psaltria, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 234 (1908).
Eggs of the Arkansas Goldfinch are similar to those of A. tristis.
They measure from -59 to -62 in length, and from '43 to '47 in
breadth.
2. [Western U.S. America] (T. M. Crowley Bequest.
Brewer: Tristram Cull.).
3. Aptos, Santa Cruz Co., California, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
12tk May ( T. Liliencrantz). [P.],
4. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., 1st W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
July (O. P. Sillimari). [P.].
Astragalinus arizonse, Coues.
Chrysomitris psaltria, var. arizonse, Baird, Brewer 8f Riclcjw. N. Amer.
Birds, i. p. 476 (1874).
Chrysomitris arizonje, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 206 (1888);.
Nehrk. Kat. Eiermmml. p. 107 (1899).
Astragalinus psaltria arizonse, Bidgiu. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 115 ^1901).
Astragalinus arizonse, Sharpe , Hand-l. v. p. 234 (1908).
The eggs of the Arizona Siskin are pointed ovals, devoid of gloss,
and plain bluish- white. They measure from '59 to *61 in length,
and from -45 to '48 in breadth.
3. Arizona, North America (E. Dick- Salvin-Godman Coll.
erson: Henshaw Coll.}.
2. Las Vegas, New Mexico, 10th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
August (C. H. Marsh}. [P.J.
Astragalinus mexicanus (Swains.).
Chrysomitris mexicanus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 206 (1888)
[part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899).
Astragalinus psaltria mexicanus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 117 (1901).
Astragalinus mexicanus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 234 (1908).
The eggs of the Mexican Siskin are similar to those of the allied
species already described. They measure '56 by '47.
2. South Mexico (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Astragalinus croceus (Jouy).
Chrysomitris psaltria, var. rnexicana, Baird, Brewer Sf Eidgiv. N. Amer.
Birds, i. p. 478 (1874) [part.].
Chrysomitris mexicana, &cl. fy Salv. Ibis, 1860, p. 84 ; Salv . fy Godm.
ASTRA GALIN US.
185
Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 431 (1886) [part.]; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 206 (1888) [part.].
Astra»aliuus psaltria croceus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 118 (1901).
Astragalinus croceus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 234 (1908).
The eggs of the Central-American Siskin are of a narrow,
blunt oval form, without gloss, and plain bluish-white. Three
examples measure respectively: *61 by *47 ; '61 by '46; *6
by -45.
2. Central America.
1. Duenas, Guatemala.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Astragalinus colombianus (Lafr.).
Chrysomitris columbiana, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 608 ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899).
Chrysomitris colombiana, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 208 (1888).
Astragalinus psaltria columbianus, Ridgw. Birds North 3" Middle Amer.
i. p. 120 (1901).
Astragaliuus colombianus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 235 (1908).
The eggs of the Colombian Siskin are of a narrow, pointed oval
form, devoid of gloss, and plain bluish-white. They measure from
•61 to -63 in length, and from '42 to -49 in breadth.
2. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
3. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salviu-Godruan Coll.
(T. K. Salmon}.
Astragalinus lawrencei (Cass.).
Chrysomitris lawrencii, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, \.
p. 478 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 223 (1899) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 107 (1899).
Astragalinus lawrencii, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 121
(1901).
Astragalinus lawrencei, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 235 (1908).
Eggs of Lawrence's Siskin are of a broad oval shape, devoid of
gloss, and plain white. They measure from -55 to -6 in length,
and from '4 to -48 in breadth.
4. California, 24th May (Henshaw
Coll.}.
3. Los Nietos, S. California, 10th
April.
4. San Diego, California, 1st June
(M. Belden).
4. San Bernardino, California, 24th
April.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. KadcliJ
[P.].
Lcliffe Saunders, Esq.
186 FKINGILLID2E.
Genus LINARIA, Beclist.
The eggs of the Twite, Linnet, and Redpolls are so closely alike
both in size and coloration that they cannot be separated, and they
require to be very carefully authenticated at the time they are
taken from the nest. They also resemble the eggs of the Greenfinch,
Goldfinch, and Siskin.
The ground-colour varies from bluish-white to pale blue or
bluish-green. The broader half of the egg is rather thickly, the
smaller half sparingly, speckled, spotted, and blotched with reddish-
brown, purplish-brown or deep chocolate-brown, and underlying
pinkish-brown or lilac. The markings vary in number, size, and
intensity of colour in different specimens, and on some eggs the
underlying markings are altogether absent. A few examples are
plain white or blue. Some specimens in each series exhibit lines
of a dark colour similar to those on the egg of a Bunting, and these
occasionally form a wreath or zone round the larger end.
Linaria flavirostris (Linn.}.
Fringilla flavirostris, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 405, tab. xxxv.
fig. 11, a-c (1845-54); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. Ill, pi. 13
(1884) ; id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 245, pi. 57. fig. 4 (1896).
Linota montium, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. fig. 14 (1855-63).
Fringilla montium, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 203. pi. li. fig. iii
(1856).
Linota flavirostris, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 59 (187C) ; Ussher 8f
Warren, Birds Ireland, p. 66 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 313 (1902).
Acanthis flavirostris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 236 (1888) ; Rey,
Eier Vog. Mittelenrop. p. 325, pi. 40. figs. 6-10 (1900).
Acanthis flavirostris flavirostris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 76
(1903).
Carduelis flavirostris, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 56, pi. 11. figs. 6-10
(1906).
Linaria flavirostris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 236 (1908).
The eggs of the Twite vary from *61 to '77 in length, and from
•47 to '55 in breadth.
4. Co. Waterfovd, Ireland, 22nd Seebohm Coll.
April (R. J. Ussher).
6. Co. Waterford, 10th May Seebohm Coll.
(R. J. V.).
5. Co. Waterford, 10th $lay Seebohm Coll.
(R. J. U.).
5. Co. Waterford, 12th May Seebohm Coll.
(R.J. U.).
6. Co. Waterford, 17th May Seebohm Coll.
(R. J. U.).
6. Co. Waterford, 26th May Seebohm Coll.
(R.J. U.).
LINAKIA.
187
.5.
Co. Waterford, llth June
(R. J. U.).
Co. AVaterford, 17th June
(R. J. U.).
North Uist, Hebrides, June
(T. Walker: Hargitt Coll.).
Unst, Shetlands.
Unst.
Orkneys (J. H. Dunn; Hargitt
Coll.).
Ploy I., Orkneys (J. Begg ; Tris-
tram Coll).
Kingsdale, Orkneys, llth May
(J. R. Gunn).
Quanterness, Orkneys, 23rd May
(J. R. G.).
Quanterness, 24th May (J. R. G.).
Wideford Hill, Orkneys, 4th June
(J. R. G.).
Scotland.
Scotland.
Aberdeenshire, 16th June.
Island of Islay, 12th May
(R. Greenwood).
Newcastle-on-Tyne (R. G.).
Settle, Yorkshire, llth May.
Cumberland (Heysham).
Cumberland (Heysham).
Ashopton, Derbyshire, 28th May.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W, Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
"W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
Sleeton Moor, near Carlisle, Cum-
berland, 10th June.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Linaria brevirostris (Moore).
Acanthis brevirostris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 238 (1888) ; Fulton,
J. Bomb. Soc. xvi. p. 53 (1904).
Linota brevirostris, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 314 (1902).
Acanthis flavirostris brevirostris, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 77
(1903).
Linaria brevirostris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 236 (1908).
Eggs of the Eastern Twite measure from *62 to '65 in length,
and from '48 to *5 in breadth.
2. Altai Mountains.
7. Kobdo, Altai Mountains, 14th
May.
3. Koko-uor.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Crowley Bequest.
188
FETNGILLTD^E.
Linaria cannabina (Linn.}.
Fringilla cannabina, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voy, p. 405, tab. xxxv.
fig. 10, a-c (1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 200,
pi. li. fig. i (1856); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 106, pi. 13 (1884) ;
id. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 244, pi. 57. figs. 2 & 3 (1896).
Lino la canna&na, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. tig. 13 (1855-63) ;
Tristram, Ibis, 1868, p. 208 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 219; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, yt. i. p. 312 (1902) [part.].
Linaria cannabina, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv> p. 31 (1875) : Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 236 (1908).
Acanthis cannabina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 240 (1888) ;
Key, Eier Vpg. Mitteleurop. p. 322, pi. 40. figs. 1-5 (1900);
Acanthis cannabina cannabina, Hartert, Vog. Pal. faun. pt. i. p. 73 (1903)
Carduelis caniiabina, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 54, pi. 11. figs. 1-6
(1906).
The eggs of the Linnet measure from -66 to *8 in length, and
from *48 to '55 in breadth.
4. Tenby, Wales.
5. England.
4. Scarborough, Yorkshire, May.
6. Norfolk.
4. Sparham, Norfolk, 12th May
(F. Nor gate}.
6. Sparham, 7th June (F. N.).
6. Banham, Norfolk, 10th May
(L. W. Leader).
6. Cambridgeshire.
6. Cambridgeshire.
4. Waterbeach, Cambridge, 4th May,
(O. Salvin).
5. Osmington, Dorset, 14th May
(R. Wallis).
4. Salisbury, Wilts, 30th April.
5. Alton, Hants, May.
4. Avington Park, Hants, May (Har-
gitt Coll.).
4. Wolmer Forest, Hants, 28th April.
5. Horsham, Sussex, 9th May (Z.
W. L.).
2. Marlow, Bucks, 14th May.
6. Finchley, Middlesex.
5. Churt, Surrey, (Smithers).
4. Angley Park, Kent (Hargitt Coll.}.
7. Skane, Sweden, 8th J une.
5. Elbeuf, France (Noury ; Hargitt
Coll.}.
6. Malaga, Spain, 9th June (H.
Saunders).
5. Pomerania, 14th May ( T. Holland).
5. Pomerania, 16th May (T. IL).
4. Pomerania, 18th May (T. H.).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Old Collection.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Lord Walsingharn [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
JSalviu-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
L. A. Williams, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Lord Bennett [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
I, IN ARIA. 189
r>. Pmnovania, 18th May ( T. IL). Seebohm Coll.
r>. Pomorania, 12th June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
G. Pomerania, 12th June (T. IL). Seebohm Coll.
6. Livonia, Baltic Provs., 30th July Seebohm Coll.
(JRussotv).
4. Sziget Cse"p, Hungary, 27th April W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
( W. R. S.). [P.].
6. Malta (Beecher}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Parnassus, Greece, 5th May (H. Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm $ T. Krilpe.r}.
3. Parnassus, 6th May (H. S. $ T. K). Seebohm Coll.
Parnassus, 8th May ( //. S. # T. A".). Seebohm Coll.
Jericho, Palestine (J. H. Cochrane). Seebohm Coll.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
5. Kent. 13th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Shifnal, Shropshire, 1st June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Linaria nana ( Tschusi).
Acanthis cannabina nana, Hartert, Vb'g. Pal. Faun. i. p. 75 (1903).
Acanthis cannabina, Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 218 (1905).
Linaria nana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 236 (1908).
Eggs of the North African Linnet measure from '65 to '7 in
length, and from -5 to -51 in breadth.
4. Agua de Pena, Madeira, 14th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(Pe. E. Schmitz). [P.J.
3. Porto Santo Is., Madeira, llth Hon. 0. Baring & W. R.
April. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. [P.],
Linaria linaria (Linn.}.
Acanthis linaria, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voc/. tab. xx. fig. 15 (1855-63) ;
Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 179 (1887) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 245 (1888); MacFarlane, P)'oc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv.
p. 441 (1892) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 326, pi. 40. figs. 11-15
(1900).
Fringilla canescens, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 202 * pi. li *
(1856).
yEgiothus linarius, .Ross, Canad. Nat. vii. p. 146 (1862) ; id. Nat. Hist.
Rev. 1862, p. 281; Baird, Brewer &• Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p 493
(1874).
Fringilla borealis, Wheelwright, A Spring fy Summer in Lapland, p. 299
(1871).
Linota canescens, Seebohm $• Harvie -Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 116.
190
Linota linaria, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 37 (1877) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878,
p. 335; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 315 (1902) [part.];
Newton, Oothcca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 408, pi. xi. figs. 31-36 (1902).
Acanthis flammea flammea, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 77 (1903).
Carduelis flammea, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 59, pi. 11. figs. 11-15
(1906).
Linaria linaria, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 237 (1908).
The eggs of the Mealy Redpoll measure from -63 to -7 in length,
and from '45 to '54 in breadth.
3. BodS, Norway, 20th June (P.God-
mari).
4. Norwegian Lapland, 26th June
(Meves).
4. Quickiock, Lapland (H. Wheel-
wright).
2. Jeris-jiirwi, Finland (/. Wolley}.
4. Sweden.
5. Petchora, Lat 68° N., 23rd June
(JET. S.}.
4. Petchora, Lat. 68° N., 23rd June
(H. S.}.
5. Yenesei River, Lat. 70^° N., 12th
July (H. S.).
4. Yene-ei River, Lat. 70^° N., 14th
July (H. S.}.
4. Alaska (E. W. Nelson: Henshaw
Coll.}.
3. St. Michael's, Alaska, 22nd May
(E. W. N. : Henshaw Coll.).
4. St. Michael's, 5th June (E. W. N. :
Henshaw Coll.}.
3. Anderson River, Arctic America,
June (JR. MacFarlane; Hen-
shaw Coll.).
2. Mackenzie River Dist.,N. America.
3. York Factory, Hudson's Bay,
August.
3. Labrador.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
Admiral A. H. Markham [P.],
Crowley Bequest.
Linaria holboelli (Brehm).
Acanthis holboelli, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M, xii. p. 250 (1888).
Acanthis flammea holboelli, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fowl, pt. i. p. 79 (1903).
Linaria holboelli, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 237 (1908).
Eggs of Holboell's Redpoll measure from *61 to *71 in length, and
from -48 to '49 in breadth.
3. Lapland,. 19th May. Crowley Bequest.
3. Lapland, 5th June. Crowley Bequest.
& Muonioniska, Lapland, 12th June Crowley Bequest.
(Emile Honyberr}.
5. Muoniovaara, Lapland (J. Wolley : Crowley Bequest*
Tristram Coll.).
LTNAKIA. 191
5. Tornea R., Lapland, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Tornea R.. 29th June. W" Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
6. Tornea R., 6th July. "W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Kaaressuando, Kemi Lappmark, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[14th June. [P.].
1. Finland (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Linaria rufescens ( VieilL).
Frin<rilla linaria, Hewitson, Egys of Brit. Birds, i. p. 201, pi. li. fig. ii
(1850).
Linota rufescens, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 47 (1877) ; id. Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 316 (1902).
Fringilla rufescens, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 116, pi. 12 (1884) ; id.
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 246, pi. 57. fig. 5 (1896).
Acanthis rufescens, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 252 (1888) ; Rey,
Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 326, pi. 29. fig. 11 (1900).
Acanthis flainmea cabaret, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 80 (1903).
Carduelis flaminea cabaret, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 61, pi. 38. tig. 11
(1906).
Linaria rufescens, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 237 (1908).
The eggs of the Lesser Redpoll measure from '59 to '62 in
length, and from '43 to '5 in breadth.
4. Cappagh, Co. Waterford, Ireland, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
J2th June (R. J. Ussher}. [P.].
3. Loch Luichart, Ross-shire, Scot- Seebohm Coll.
land (Hargitt Coll.).
5. Carlisle/Cumberland, 29th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Stanwix, Carlisle, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Stanwix. 10th June (T. Peal). TV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Sheffield, Yorkshire, 4th June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm).
2. Sheffield (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Sheffield (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Scarborough, Yorkshire, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. River Derwent, Derbyshire (C. Seebohm Coll.
Fleming: Hargitt Coll.).
6. Bowden, (Cheshire (F. Nicholson). Seebohm Coll.
4. Leicestershire. Crowley Bequest.
5. Leicestershire. Crowley Bequest.
5. Kent, June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Kent, June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
192 FRINGILLID.E.
Linaria exilipes ( Coues).
Acanthis exilipes, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 254 (1888) ; Hey,
Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 326, pi. 29. fig. 13 (1900).
Linota exilipes, Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 317 (19G2).
Acanthis hornemannii exilipes, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 81
(1903).
Linaria exilipes, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 237 (1908).
Eggs of Cones' Redpoll measure from *58 to *7 in length, and
from '45 to '5 in breadth.
3. Lapland, 19th May. Crowley Bequest.
2. Lapland. Crowley Bequest.
4. Kaaressuando, Kemi Lappmark, W. Radclitte Saunders, Esq.
22nd May. [P.].
5. Archangel, Russia, 6th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Archangel, 6th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5 R. Amur, E. Siberia, 4th June. W. Radcliife Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1, North America (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Linaria hornemanni (Holboell).
Fringilla borealis, Thien. Fortpflam. ges. Vog. p. 404, tab. xxxv. fig. 12,
«-<; (1845-54).
" (1884);
Acanthis canescens, Rey (nuc Gould), Eier Voy. Mitteleurop. p. 326,
pi. 29. fig. 12 (1900).
Linota hornemanni, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 317 (1902).
Acanthis horuemannii hornemannii, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 81
(1903).
Carduelis hornemanni hornemanni, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 63
(1906).
Linaria hornemanni, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 237 (1908).
The eggs of the Greenland Redpoll measure from '68 to '71 in
length, and from *5 to '55 in breadth.
4. Greenland. Gould Coll.
2. Greenland. Salvin-Godman Coll.
6.' Greenland, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Greenland. 8th July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Greenland. Crowley Bequest.
3. Greenland, 25th May. Crowley Bequest.
2. Upernivik, Greenland. Seebohm Coll.
4. Christianshaab, Greenland, June Seebohm ColL
(Farther).
MONTIFRINGILLA. 193
1. Iceland ( W. Proctor: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
3. Iceland, May ( W. P. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
4. Iceland, oth July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus MONTIFRINGILLA, Brehm.
The eggs of all the species of this genus are more or less glossy
and pure white.
Montifringilla nivalis (Linn.).
Fringilla nivalis, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. p. 427, tab. xxxvi. fig. 7
(1845-54) ; Bree, Birds Ear. 2nd e<l iv. p. 34, pi. (1875).
Montifringilla nivalis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. tig. 4 (1855-
63) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 617 (1876) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 259 (1888) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 297 (1902) ;
Jourd. Eggs Earop. Birds, p. 86 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 238
(1909).
Montifringilla nivalis nivalis. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 132
(1904).
Eggs of the Snow-Finch are of a pointed oval form, and measure
from -91 to 1-02 in length, and from -6 to '71 in breadth.
6. Simplon Pass, Switzerland, 30th Seebohm Coll.
May.
2. St. Gotthard, Switzerland. Seebohm Coll.
4. St. Gotthard. Seebohm Coll.
4. Airola, St. Gotthard, 19th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
rowley
2. Lenk, Bernese Alps (Linden : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. Gemmi Pass, Bernese Alps (Linden: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Basses Alps, llth June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Montifringilla alpicola (Pall.).
Montifringilla alpicola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 260 (1888) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 298 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 238(1909).
Montifringilla nivalis alpicola, Hartert. Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 133
(1904).
Four eggs of the Caucasian Snow-Finch measure from -88 to '89
in length, and from -61 to '62 in breadth.
4. Caucasus Mountains, 19th May. W. RadcliS'e Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
TOL. V. 0
194
FRlNGrLLIDJ5.
Montifringilla nemoricola (Hodgs.}.
Montifringilla nemoricola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 268 (1888) ;
id., Hand-l v. p. 239 (1909).
Fringalauda nemoricola, Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 302 (1902).
Montifringilla nemoricola nemoricola, Hartert) Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 136 (1904).
Two eggs, which have been identified as those of M. giglioli,
are probably those of Hodgson's Snow-Finch. They measure
respectively -82 by -63 and -83 by -62.
2. Sin-ing, Kausu, W. China, Crowley Bequest.
21st May.
Montifringilla arctoa (Pall.).
Montifringilla arctoa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 272 (1888) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 239 (1909).
Leucosticte arctoa, Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 303 (1902).
Montifringilla aretous, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 138 (1904).
Two eggs of the Siberian Snow-Finch measure respectively '91
by -62 and -92 by -65.
2. Kuldja, Mongolia, 25th May. Crowley Bequest.
Montifringilla griseinucha (Brandt).
Leucosticte griseonucha, Dall, P. Cal. Acad. Set. v. pp. 27, 273 (1873) ;
Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 176 (1887) ; Dresser, Man.
Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 304 (1902).
Leucosticte tephrocotis, var. griseinucha, Baird^ Brewer fy Ridyw.
N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 508 (1874).
Montifringilla griseinucha, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 275 (1888) ;
id., Hand-l. v. p. 240 (1909).
.Leucosticte tephrocotis griseonucha, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
Lp. 72 (1901).
Montifringilla tephrocotis griseonucha, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii
p. 140 (1904).
Eggs of the Aleutian Snow-Finch resemble those of M. mvalis in
all respects,
4. [Alaska] (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. St. George's Island, Alaska, May Salvin-Godman Coll. &
( W. H. Dall : Smiths. Inst.). " Crowley Bequest.
Genus RHODOSPIZA, Sharpe.
Khodospiza obsoleta (Licht.).
•(Plate X. fig. 3.)
Rhodospiza obsoleta, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 282 (1888) ;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fann. pt. i. p. 91 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 241 (19C9).
ERYTHKOSPIZA. 195
Erytlir. spiza obsoleta, Radde $ Walter, Ornis, v. p. 25 (1889).
Bucanetes obsoletus, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 330 (1902) :
td., Ibis, 1904, p. 108, pi. iii. figs. 4-6.
Five eggs of the Persian Desert-Bullfinch are of a somewhat
pointed oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are pale blue,
sparingly marked, chiefly towards the larger end, with isolated
purplish-black spots and dots. They vary from '7 to '71 in length,
and from *53 to -54 in breadth.
6. Mem, Syria, 29th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Genus EEYTHROSPIZA, Bonap.
Erythrospiza githaginea (Licht.).
Bucanetes githagineus, Baedeker, Eier Ear. Vog. tab. 76. fig. 13 (1855-
63) ; Loche, Expl. Sci. Alyer., Ois. i. p. 164 (1867).
Erythrospiza githaginea, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 294 ; Dresser, Birds
Enr. iv. p. 85 (1875) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 284 (1888)
[part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 108 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 329 (1902) [part.] ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 220
(190-5); Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 68, pi. 26. fig. 6 (1906) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 242 (1909).
Carpodacus githagineus, Bree, Birds Enr. iv. p. 13 (1875).
Erythrospiza githaginea githaginea, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 88
(1903).
Eggs of the Trumpeter Bullfinch are of a pointed oval shape and
slightly glossy. They are pale blue, marked, almost entirely at the
broad end, with specks of deep chocolate-brown and grey. They
vary from '74 to -85 in length, and from -58 to '6 in breadth.
1. Algeria (Loche). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. El Aghouat, Algeria (Loche : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
5. Gabes, Tunis, llth May. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
Erythrospiza amantum, Hartert.
Erythrospiza githaginea, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 329 (1902)
Erythrospiza githagiuea amantum, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 89
(1903).
Erythrospiza amantum, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 242 (1909).
Eggs of the Canarian Bullfinch are similar to those of Rhodospiza
obsoleta and E. githayinea, some being marked with purplish-black,
others with chocolate-brown and grey. They vary from -7 to *79
in length, and from -52 to *61 in breadth.
4. Tenerife, Canary Islands. W. RadcliRe Saunders, Esq.
5. Fuertaventura, Canary Islands, W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
13th March (R. Gomez). [P.].
o2
196 FRINGILLIDJE.
4. Fuertaventura, Canary Islands, H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.I.
March (R. O.\
4. Fuertaventura, March (R. G.'). Orowley Bequest.
4. Fuertaventura, March (R. G.). Crowley Bequest.
6. Fuertaventura, March (R. G.). Crowley Bequest.
Erythrospiza mongolica (Swinh.).
ETthrospiza mongolica, Sharpe. Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 287 (1888);
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 89 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 242 (1909).
Bucanetes mongolicus, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 331 (1902).
Eggs of the Mongolian Bullfinch are similar to those of
E. amantum. They vary from •? to -79 in length, and from '55 to
•57 in breadth.
2. Mountains of Tekke, Turkestan, Crowley Bequest,
loth May.
4. Issyk-Kul, Turkestan, 2nd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Kobdo, Altai Mountains, 12th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus PETRONIA, Kaup.
Petronia petronia (Linn.).
Fringilla petronia, Thien. Fortfiflanz. ges. Vog. p. 423, tab. xxxiv. fig. 18,
a-c (1845-54).
Petronia rupestris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 10 (1855-63).
Petronia stulta, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 607 (1877) ; id., Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 295 (1902) [part.].
Pyrgita petronia, Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 218.
Passer petronia, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iv. p. 43, pi. (1875) ; Rey,
Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 309, pi. 42. figs. 21-24 (1900).
Petronia petronia, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 289 (1888) [part.] ;
Jourd. Eggs Eur op. Birds, p. 88, pi. 12. figs. 21-24 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 242 (1909).
Petronia petronia petronia, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 141 (1904).
Nine eggs of the Rock-Sparrow are of a broad oval form and
slightly glossy. They are dull white or pale grey, densely streaked,
blotched, and marbled with umber-brown in some cases, and with
purplish-brown and lilac in others. In some specimens the markings
are very evenly distributed over the shell ; in others they are
extremely dense at the large end, where they form a cap, and
sparse elsewhere. Examples measure from *8 to '92 in length, and
from -6 to -64 in breadth.
5. Aranjuez, Spain, May (H. Saunders}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Parnassus, Greece, 28th May (H. Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm & T. Krilper)
PETROXIA. 197
Petronia puteicola, Festa.
Petronia stulta, Tristram (nee Gmel.), Ibis, 1868, p. 204.
Petronia petronia puteicola, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 144 (1904V
Petronia puteicola, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 243 (1909).
Eggs of the Palestine Rock-Sparrow are of a broad oval shape
and very glossy. They are dull white, densely marked all over
with purplish-brown and purplish -grey. In some the markings
take the form of blotches and spots, while in others they are very-
fine and evenly distributed over the entire shell. The eggs vary
from '8 to '86 in length, and from '6 to *64 in breadth.
4. Bethany, Palestine, 22nd April Salvin-Godman Coll.
(H. ~B. Tristram).
o. Bethany, 22nd April (H. B. T.). Canon Tristram [0.].
4. Bethany, 23rd April (H. B. T.). E. Cavendish Taylor Bequest.
Petronia maderensis, Erlanger.
(Plate X. fig. 4.)
Petronia petronia madeirensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 141
(1904).
Petronia maderensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 243 (1909).
Eggs of the Madeira Rock-Sparrow are generally of a rather long
oval shape and very glossy. They vary considerably in markings,
and exactly resemble some of the commoner types of eggs laid by
Passer domesticus. In all of them the ground-colour is white ; the
markings vary from a warm brown to purplish-grey, and either
cover the entire shell, or are most numerous and heavy towards the
larger end. The eggs range from *79 to *92 in length, and from
•6 to -62 in breadth.
5. Porto Santo Is., Madeira, 12th April W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(Padre E. Schmitz). [P.].
6. Porto Santo Is., 24th April (E. S.}. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
6. Porto Santo Is., 1st June (E. S.}. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
4. Tenerife, Canary Islands, llth April W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(R. Gomez). [P.].
4. Tenerife, March (R. G.). Crowley Bequest.
Petronia dentata (Sundev.).
Petronia dentata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 295 (1888); Shelley,
Birds Afr. hi. p. 261 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 244 (1909).
The only egg of the Lesser Rock-Sparrow in the Collection was
laid in captivity and is, no doubt, abnormally eoloured. It is of a
regular oval shape and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is pale
greenish-white, heavily capped at the larger end with sooty black.
It measures '72 by '53.
Laid in captivity. Dr. A. G. Butler [P.].
198
Petronia superciliaris, Blyih.
Petronia petronella, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 297 (1888) ; Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. ]57 (1900).
Petronia flavigula, Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 265 (1902).
Petronia superciliaris, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 244 (1904) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 244 (1909).
An egg believed to be that of the Southern Kock-Sparrow is of a
regular oval shape and very glossy. It has the ground-colour
yellowish-white, heavily blotched and clouded all over with umber-
brown, and measures *82 by *58.
1. South Africa, Crowley Bequest.
Genus GYMNORHIS, Blyih'.
Gymnorhis flavicollis (Frankl.).
Passer flavicollis, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 605 (1879) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1891,
p. 105.
Petronia flavicollis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 293 (1888) [part.] ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 297 (1902) [part.].
Gymnorhis flavicollis, Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 235 (1890) ;
id,, ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 157 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 244 (1909).
Gymnoris flavicollis flavicollis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 145
(1904).
The eggs of the Yellow-throated Sparrow vary in shape from
a broad to a narrow oval and are moderately glossy. They are
greenish-white, marked with streaks and blotches of dark umber-
brown, chocolate-brown, purplish-grey, and dull lilac. In some
eggs the markings are so dense as to entirely conceal the ground-
colour, in others but little of this latter is visible, and in others
again the markings are comparatively sparse and well defined,
leaving about half the ground-colour visible. Numerous specimens
measure from '66 to "8 in length, and from *5 to *58 in breadth.
1. India. Hume Coll.
2. Hissar, Punjab. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, Punjab, 15th April. Hume Coll.
2. Bareilly, N.W. Prov., 12th May. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 16th May. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 17th May. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, N.W.Prov., llth April. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 15th April ( W. E. Brooks : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
19. Raipur, Central Provs. Hume Coll.
1. Manbhum, Bengal (R. C. Beavan: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Berachalee, Bengal, 5th April Crowley Bequest.
(R. C. B. : Tristram Coll').
GTMNORHIS. — PASSER. 199
Gymnorhis transfuga, Uartert.
(Plate X. figs. 5-7.)
Gjmnoris flavicollis transfuga, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. li. p. 145
(1904).
Gymnorhis transfuga, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 244 (1909),
Two clutches of eggs of the Persian Yellow-throated Sparrow
resemble those of O. flavicollis of the paler and darker types.
Three eggs from the Persian Gulf are remarkably different from
the above : in these the ground is cream-colour, thickly mottled
with minute specks and streaks of pale rufous. They measure
from -68 to *76 in length, and from -50 to '52 in breadth.
13. Fao, Persian Gulf. W. D. Gumming, Esq. [I*.].
'3. Fao, Persian Gulf. W. D. Camming, Esq . [P.J.
Genus CARPOSPIZA, Mutter.
Carpospiza brachydactyla (Bonap.}.
(Plate X. fig. 8.)
Petronia brachydactyla, Tristram, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 447 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 292 (1888) ; Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i.
p. 296 (1902).
Carpospiza brachydactyla, Uartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 145 (1904) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 245 (1909).
Three eggs of the Desert Rock-Sparrow are of a rather pointed
oval shape and somewhat glossy. They are white, with a few small
scattered spots and dots of purplish-black or purplish-chocolate.
They measure from '75 to '78 in length, and from '52 to *57 in
breadth.
1. Plains of Sahra, Syria, 7th June Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. Tristram).
2. Plains of Sahra, 14th June (H. Crowley Bequest.
B. 71).
Genus PASSER, Briss.
Passer montanus (Linn.).
Fringilla montana, Thien. Fortpjlanz. aes. Vog. p. 426, tab. XXXIY.
fig. 13, a-d (1845-54).
Passer montanus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 6 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 207, pi. liii. figs, i & ii (1856) ;
Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, p. 61 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 597 (1875) ;
Seebohm fy Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 114 ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds,
ii. p. 69, pi. 13 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 301
(1888) [part.] ; Oates ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 1-62
(1890) [part.] ; La Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 427 ; Seebohm, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 238, pi. 56. figs. 14 & 15 (1896); Rey, Eier' Vog,
200
JTBINGILLID^.
Mitteleurop. p. 307, pi. 42. figs. 11-20 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
£ rds, pt. i. p. 293 (1902) [part.] ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 94,
pi. 12. tigs. 11-20 (1904) ; Skarpe, Hand-l v. p. 245 (1909).
Passer montana montana, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 160
(1904).
The eggs of the Tree-Sparrow vary in shape from a pointed to a
blunt oval and have a moderate amount of gloss. The ground-
colour is white, greyish-white or pale bluish-white, speckled and
spotted, blotched, smeared or streaked, in some eggs sparingly but
in the majority densely, with varying shades of brown and violet-
grey. These markings are generally densest and darkest at the
broad end, where they often form a cap or broad zone. In this,
as in other Sparrows' eggs, a clutch seldom consists entirely of eggs
quite of one type, one specimen generally differing markedly from
the others in the distribution and density of the markings. The
eggs taken by Swinhoe in Amoy are extremely varied in colour,
the most remarkable type being a white egg with a dense rufous
cap at the broad end.
Eggs of the Tree-Sparrow measure from -7 to * 86 in length, and
from *48 to -6 in breadth.
5 St. Hilda, Outer Hebrides, 7th
June (J. S. E.).
4. Cluny, Inverness-shire.
5. England.
4. Wilstrop, Yorkshire, May.
4. Wilstrop, 22nd May.
3. Cheshire (F. Nicholson : Hargitt
Coll.}.
4. Crewe, Cheshire.
4. Dogsthorpe, Peterborough, 4th
July (C. Beech).
4. Cambridgeshire.
6. Cambridgeshire.
5. Cambridgeshire.
4. Cambridgeshire (F. Bond).
4. Cambridge.
6. Waterbeach,Cambridge,9th May
(O. S.).
5. Welney, Cambridge, 21st May
(W.Farren).
6. Upware, Cambridge, 13th May
(O. S.).
4. Harrow, Middlesex, llth June
(If. T. Booth).
6. G raveney , Faversham, Kent, 29th
May (H. T. £.).
4. Clay, Hythe, Kent, 16th May
(6. s.).
4. "Vosges, France (Mougel: Har-
gitt Coll.).
3. Elbeuf, Normandy (Noury :
Hargitt Coll.).
4. Elbeuf (Noury : Hargitt Coll).
6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 12th
May (H. S.).
J. Steele Elliott, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. i P.I.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.J.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
PASSER.
201
5, Valkenswaard, 12th May (H. S.).
6. Val kens waard , 26th May ( H . S. ) .
6. ^7alkenswaard, 28th May ( //. 8. ).
5. Valkenswaard, 24th June (H.S.).
6. Berlin (T. Holland).
5. Sziget Csep, Hungary, 28th April
(P. A. C'erwa).
6. Szitfet Csep, 16th May (F. A.
C.).
6. Sziget Csep, 31st May ( W. R. S.).
5. Sziget Csep, 12th June (F.A. C.}.
5. Sziget Cse"p, 14th June (F. A. C.}.
5. Petchora River, 66° N. Lat.,
2nd June (H. Seebohm Sf J. A.
Harnie-Brown) .
4. Petchora River, 66° N. Lat.,
2nd J une ( H. S. $ J. A. H.-B. ) .
4. Lebong, Sikhim.
4. Mongphoo, Sikhim (J. Gammie).
30. Amoy, China (R. Swin/ioe).
3. Foochow, China.
1. Foochow, April.
3. Foochow, 14th April.
3. Foochow, 10th May.
4. Foochow, 4th June.
4. Foochow, 6th July.
6. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 1st July.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm. Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, E«q.
[PA
AV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W". Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[PA
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
P."
'P:
"P:
P:
P:
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.j.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Passer malaccensis, Dubois.
Passer montana malaccensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 161
(1904).
Passer malaccensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 246 (1909).
Eggs of the Malayan Tree-Sparrow are indistinguishable from
those of P. montanus, but are on the whole a trifle smaller. They
measure from *68 to *78 in length, and from '51 to '54 in breadth.
2. Pegu, Burma, 23rd Nov. (K W. Gates Coll.
Oatot).
2. Moulmein, Tenasserim, 12th May Hume Coll.
(W. Davison).
2. Moulmein, 12th May ( W. D.). Hume Coll.
3. Moulmein, 12th May ( W. D.). Hume Coll.
4. Moulmein, 12th May ( W. D.}. Hume Coll.
6. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 29th May Hume Coll.
(W.D.).
Passer domesticus (Linn.}.
Fringilla domestica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 424, tab. xxxiv.
tig. 15, a-e (1845-54).
Passer domesticus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 7 (1855-63) ;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 218 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 587 (1876) ;
202
FBINGILLIDJE.
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 63, pi. 13 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 307 (1888) [part.] ; id., Ibis, 1891, p. 105 -r
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 238, pi. 56. tigs. 10, 11, & 12
(1896); Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 302, pi 42. fig&. 1-10
(1900) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 90, pi. 12. tigs. 1-10 (1906);.
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 246 (1909).
Passer domestica domestica. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 147
(1904).
The eggs of the House-Sparrow differ from those of the Tree-
Sparrow in being larger in size and in having the markings, as a
rule, more distinct and less dense. The markings are most
commonly spots, specks, and blotches pretty sharply defined, and
in many specimens quite half of the ground-colour is clearly visible.
The disposition, shape, and varying shades of brown of the markings
are, however, endless, and it is seldom that eggs even of the same
clutch closely resemble each other, one or two being generally of a
different type to the others. Numerous specimens measure from
•68 to I'O in length, and from -56 to '65 in breadth.
5. Stanwix, Carlisle, Cumberland,
1st June.
4. Wilstrop, Yorkshire (Harc/itt
Coll.}.
6. Wilstrop (Hargitt Coll.).
9. Wilstrop, May' (Hargitt Coll.}.
6. Eobin Hood Bay, Yorkshire,
15th July.
6. Edwinstowe, Notts, June (H.
Seebohm}.
5. Norfolk, 26th May (F. Norgate).
5. Norfolk, 26th May (F. N.).
5. Norfolk, 16th June (F. A7.).
4. Southery Manor, near Downham,
Norfolk, 20th May ( W. R. S.).
6. Cambridgeshire.
5. Suffolk, June.
18. Finchley, Middlesex (O. S.}.
7. Weybridge, Surrey, 24th June.
3. Blackheath, Kent.
3. Bentley, Hants, 14th May (Har-
gitt Coll.).
4. Bentley, 14th May (Hargitt
Coll.).
4. Bentley, 14th May (Hargitt
Coll.). ,
4. Bentley, 14th May (Hargitt
Coll.).
2. ' Alton, Hants.
4. Rockn'eld, Monmouthshire, June.
6. Longburgh, Gloucestershire, 2nd
June.
7. Longburgh, 7th June.
W. Radeliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
Setbohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Dr. A. Giinther [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
E. Jukes, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
PASSER. 203
5. Longburgh, 7th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
6. Devonshire, June ( W. R. S.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Torquay. Devonshire, 5th May W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
(W.X.S.). [P.].
8. Smyrna, 26th May ( T. Krtiper). Seebohm Coll.
3. Pomerania ( r. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
i>. Malta. Gould Coll.
5. Parnassus, Greece, 16th May (H. Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm 8f T. Kriiver).
6. Parnassus, 16th May (If. S. 8? Seebohm Coll.
T.JK.).
5. Parnassus, 16th May (//. S. $ Seebohm Coll.
T. A'.).
2. Plainfield, New Jersey, U.S.A., Princeton University, N. J.
13th April ( W. E. L>. Scott). [E.j.
3. Plainfield, 9th April (IV. E. Princeton University, N. J.
D. S.). [E.j.
Passer tingitanus, Locke.
Passer tingitanus, Locke, Expl. Sci. Alffer., Ois. i. p. 132 (1867) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L v. p. 246 (1909).
Passer doinestica tingitanus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 149
(1904).
Eggs of the Algerian Sparrow are indistinguishable from those of
P. domesticus. They vary from '8 to -85 in length, and from -59 to
•61 in breadth.
5. Algeria (Loche). Seebohm Coll.
5. Algeria (Loche). Seebohm Coll.
Passer rufidorsalis, Brehm.
Passer domestica arboreus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 150 (1904).
Passer rufidorsalis, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 246 (1909).
Eggs of the Nile Sparrow resemble those of P. domesticus, but are
somewhat smaller. They vary from '78 to -88 in length, and from
•55 to -62 in breadth,
4. Nile (S. Stafford Allen). Gould Coll.
4. Nile(&&^.). Gould Coll.
4. Nile (S. S. A.}. Gould Coll
Passer indicus, Jard. $ Sell.
Passer domesticus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 307 (1888) [part.] ;
Gates ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 159 (1890).
Passer domestica indicus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 151 (1904).
Passer indicus, Wardlaw- Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 63 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 247(1909).
Eggs of the Indian Sparrow resemble those of P. domesticus, but
are generally somewhat smaller. They vary from -68 to *8 in
length, and from '52 to -58 in breadth.
204
4. Jask, Gulf of Oman, 23rd March.
8. Fao, Persian Gulf.
2. Hariab Valley, Afghanistan,
16th June (R. G. Wardlaw-
Ramsay).
3. Kotgarh, Himalaya! 27th May.
1. Kotgarh, July.
6. Sind (J. H. Gould).
30. North-West India.
8. Jodhpur, Rajputana, 4th April.
3. Delhi, Punjab, 26th May (C. T.
Binyham).
4. Delhi, 27th June (C. T. B.).
2. Etawah, N.W. Provs.
1. Etawah, 30th March.
2. Etawah, 12th April.
3. Aligarh, N.W. Prov., Aug.
26. Hoshungabad, C. Provs. (E. C.
Nunn).
1. Barrackpur, Bengal, 17th May
(R. C. Beavan).
3. Berachalee, Bengal, 29th March
(R. C. B.: Tristram Coll.).
9. Nilghiri Hills.
3. Nilghiri Hills (Tristram Coll.}.
3. Ootacamtmd, Nilghiris, 20th
May.
2. Ceylon (E. L. Layard).
4. Pegu, Burma, 25th Feb. (R W.
Gates).
3. Pegu, Oct. & Nov. (E. W. O.).
S. Butcher, Esq. [P.],
W. D. Gumming, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Gould Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Gates Coll.
Passer pyrrhonotus, Blytli.
Passer pyrrhonotus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 316 (1888) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 238 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $
Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 162 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 247 (1909).
Passer domestica pyrrhonotus, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 151
(1904).
The eggs of the Rufous-backed Sparrow are inseparable from
those of the Tree-Sparrow. Gf three specimens in the Collection,
two are densely streaked and mottled, leaving little of the ground-
colour visible. A third example is blotched and clouded with
brown and grey on a whitish ground, fully one-half of which is
exposed to view. They measure respectively : '7 by -5 ; -69 by
•51 ; -67 by -52.
3. Eastern Narra, Sind, 4th April
(S. Doiff).
Hume Coll.
PASSER. 205
Passer italiae (Vieill.).
Passer italise, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 8 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 585 (1876); Whitehead, Ibis, 1885,
p. 39; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 315 (1888); Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 290 (1902); Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 152 (1904); Jourd Eggs Eur op. Birds, p. 92, pi. 26. fig. 9
(190(5); Sharpe, ttand-l. v.'p. 247 (1909).
Passer domesticus cisalpinus, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iv. p. 49, pi.
(1875).
The eggs of the Italian Sparrow do not appear to differ from
those of P. domesticus. They measure from -8 to '9 in length, and
from -58 to -62 in breadth.
5. Corsica. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
4. Italy, 21st April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Ticino, N. Italy, 20th May Seebohm Coll.
(T.Holland). "
5. Milan, Italy, 15th May (Count Seebohm Coll.
Turati).
4. Palermo, N. Sicily, 16th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
L '-I*
4. Sferra Cavallo, Corsica, 14th April. W. Radcliffe Saunderg, Esq.
[P.].
Passer hispaniolensis (Ternm.).
Fringilla salicaria, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 426 (1845-54).
Fringilla hispaniolensis, Thien. torn. cit. tab. xxxiv. fig. 14, a-c.
Passer salicicola, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 9 (1855-63) ;
Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 314 ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 218.
Passer salicarius, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iv. p. 52, pi. (1875).
Passer hispaniolensis, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 593 (1876) ; Reid, Ibis,
1887, p. 434 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 317 (1888) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 291 (1902) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i.
p. 205 (1905) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 92, pi. 26. fig. 10 (1906) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 248 (1909).
Passer hispaniolensis hispaniolensis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 156 (1904).
Passer hispaniolensis fliickigeri, Kleinschm. ; Hartert, t. c. p. 158 (1904).
Passer fliickigeri, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 248 (1909).
The eggs of the Spanish Sparrow are very uniform, and agree
closely with some of the eggs of the House-Sparrow. The ground-
colour is bluish- or greyish-white ; and the markings, which are
very distinct and well-defined, consist of spots and small blotches
of dark brown and underlying lavender-grey distributed over the
entire shell, but more thickly on the larger half of the egg than
elsewhere. They measure from -8 to I/O in length, and from '58 to
•66 in breadth.
6. South Spain, 7th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
5. Andalucia, S. Spain, 16th April. W. RadclifTe Saunders, Esq.
206
FRINGILLID^!.
2. Seville, S. Spain, 30th April (H.
Saunders).
5. Seville, 6th May (H. S.).
5. Coria, Spain, 18th May (H. S.).
8. Nymphia, Greece, 7th June.
5. Smyrna, Asia Minor, 23rd May
(T. Kr'dper).
6. Canary Islands.
5. Algeria (Locke).
2. Zana, Algeria, June (O. Salvin).
1. Zana, Itfth June (H. B. Tristram).
12. Chemora, Algeria, May (O. S.).
6. Chemora, 23rd May (H. B. T.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowlev Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Passer transcaspicus, Tschusi.
Passer salicarius, Tristram, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 446 ; Witherby, Ibis, 1903,
p. 523.
Passer hispaniolensis transcaspicus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 157
(1904).
Passer transcaspicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 248 (1909).
Eggs of the Transcaspian Sparrow are similar to those of
P. hispaniolensis . They measure from *79 to *88 in length, and
from -6 to '65 in breadth.
4. Bethany, Palestine, 22nd April
(H. B. Tristram).
2. Bethany, 22nd April (H. B. T7.).
2. Bethany, 23rd April (H. B. T.).
2. Nudan, S.W. Persia, 17th April.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
H. F. Witherby, Esq. [P.].
Passer debilis, Hartert.
cinnamomea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 325 (1888)
[part.]; Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 240 (1890; [part.];
id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 164 (1890).
Passer rutilans debilis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 162 (1904).
Passer debilis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 249 (1909).
Eggs of the Cinnamon Tree-Sparrow pass through the same
variations as those of P. montanus, and cannot be separated from
them. They measure from '7 to *9 in length, and from '54 to *63
in breadth.
1. Murree, Himalaya, 12th June. Crowley Bequest.
4. Simla, Himalaya (A. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
6. Kotgarh, Himalaya (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 15th May (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Kotgarh, 17th May (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 5th June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 6th June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Kotgarh, 8th June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
12. Kotgarh, 21st JuLe (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
6. Kotgarh, 22nd June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 27th June (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
PASSER.
Passer mtilans, Temm.
Passer rutilans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 329 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 109 (1899); La Touche, Ibis, 1900, p. 35;
La Touche $ Rickett, Ibis, 1905, p. 45 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 249
(1909).
Passer rutilans rutilans, Hartert, Vog. Pal. faun. pt. ii. p. 161 (1904).
One egg of the llusset. Sparrow is of a narrow blunt oval form
and almost devoid of gloss. It is greyish-white, blotched and
spotted with brown and ashy-grey. The other example has
a yellowish-white ground-colour densely clouded all over with
chocolate-brown. They measure respectively '73 by '52 and
•73 by -54.
1. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, May.
1. Amov, China (R. Sivinhoe :
Tristram Coll.).
C. R. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Passer melanurus (P. L. S. Mull.).
Fringilla arcuata, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 426, tab. xxxiv.
tig, 16, a-c (1845-54).
Passer arcuatus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 478 (1876-84) ;
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 333 (1888) [part.]; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 109 (1899); Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 160
(1900); Haagner, Ibis, 1901, p. 15; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 248
(1902).
Passer melanurus, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 233 (1904); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 249 (1909).
The eggs of the Cape Sparrow are as varied as those of P. domes-
ticus, and cannot be separated from them. They measure from
•68 to *88 in length, and from "52 to -6 in breadth.
7. South Africa.
2. South Africa.
3. South Africa.
1. South Africa.
5. South Africa.
3. South Africa.
1. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard).
2. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard: Trist-
ram Coll.).
4. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard: Trist-
ram Coll.}.
2. Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 31st
Oct. (E. Seimund).
4. Deelfontein, 31st Oct. (E. S.}.
3. Deelfontein, 31st Oct. (E. S.).
4. Deelfontein, 31st Oct. (E. S.).
4. Deelfontein, 31st Oct. (E. &).
2. Deelfontein, 31st Oct. (13. S.).
6. Deelfontein, 10th Nov. (E. S.).
2. Deelfontein, 20th Nov. (E. S.).
3. Deelfontein, 20th Nov. (E. S.).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.],
Col.
Col.
Col.
Col.
Col.
Col.
Col.
Col.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
A.
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
T.
Sloggett
Sloggett
Sloggett
Sloggett
Sloggett
Sloggett
Sloggett
Sloggett
'p;
;p;
p;
208
FRINGILLIDJ5.
2. Deelfontein, 31st Dec. (E. £.).
3. Transvaal, 27th Sept.
8. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, Oct.
(T.Ayres: Tristram Coll.}.
2. 14 Streams, Vaal River, Trans-
vaal, Nov.
2. 14 Streams, Nov.
Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.].
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.],
Crowley Bequest.
R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.].
R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.].
Passer moabiticus, Tristram.
Passer moabiticns, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 321 (1888) : id.,
Hand-L v. p. 250 (1909).
Passer moabiticus moabiticus, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 155 (1904).
Eggs of tbe Palestine Sparrow are similar to those of P. indicus,
but are often of a somewhat narrower oval shape. They measure
from '7 to '8 in length, and from -5 to '53 in breadth.
5. Palestine.
4. Palestine.
5. Jordan Valley, Palestine, 23rd
April.
5. Jordan Valley, 28th April.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P-1.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Passer yatei, Sharpe.
Passer yatii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 322 (1888) ; Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 291 (1902) ; id,, Ibis, 1903, p. 405, pi. x. figs. 1-4.
Passer moabiticus yatii, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 155 (1904).
Passer yatei, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 250 (1909).
Three eggs of Yate's Sparrow are of a rather pointed oval shape
and fairly glossy. The ground-colour is dull white, densely and
finely freckled all over with dull purplish-grey. Two measure
respectively '7 by *5 and *73 by '5.
3. Seistan, E. Persia (N. Sarudny}. H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
Passer motitensis, Smith.
( Plate X. fig. 1.)
Passer motiteneis, Andersson, B. Damaral. p. 186 (1872) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 324 (1888); Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i.
p. 162 (1900); Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 244 (1902); Reichenow,
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 240 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 250 (1909).
Two eggs of the Damara-land Sparrow are of a rather broad oval
form and slightly glossy. They are white, sparsely spotted with
brownish-grey and lavender-grey round the larger end, and in the
specimen figured there are a few scattered spots over the rest of the
shell. They measure respectively -82 by -6 and -8 by '61.
2. Arljab River, Damara,-land, 22nd
Oct. (C. J. Andersson: Tristram
Coll.).
Crowley Bequest.
PASSER. 209
Passer ruficinctus, Fischer j- Eeichenow.
Passer ruficinctus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 325 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiermmml. p. 109 (1899) ; Heichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 241
(1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 251 (1908).
Three eggs of Fischer's Sparrow are of a broad oval shape and
slightly glossy. The ground-colour is dull white or yellowish-
white, blotched and spotted with pale chocolate-brown and with
underlying clouded markings of violet- grey. They measure re-
spectively *75 by -58, '78 by -59, and -78 by *6.
3. Lake Naivasha, B. E. Africa, F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B. [C.].
7th July.
Passer ammodendri, Severtz.
Passer ammodendri, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 337 (1888) ; ? Nehrk.
Kat. Eitrsamml. p. 109 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 292 (1902) ; id., Ibis, 1903, p. 406, pi. x. figs. 5-8 ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 251 (1908).
Passer ammodendri ammodendri, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 158
(1904).
Three eggs of the Saxaul Sparrow are of a broad, slightly pointed
oval form and distinctly glossy. They are white, profusely and
irregularly marked and freckled all over with yellowish-brown,
which by no means hides the ground-colour. They measure
respectively -86 by -03, -91 by -62, and -90 by -64.
The two eggs from Kuldja (Nehrk orn Coll.) have, in my opinion,
been wrongly identified, and are probably those of some species of
Lark, perhaps of Alaudula heinei or some species of Galerida, which
they closely resemble. Nehrkorn, in describing these eggs, noted
that they were remarkably Lark-like in appearance.
3. Saxaul Steppe, Turkestan, 15th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
June. [P.I
[2. Kuldja, Mongolia (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.]
Coll.}.
Passer saharae, Erlanyer.
Corospiza simplex, Loche, Expl. Sd. Alyer., Ois. i. p. 138 (1867).
Passer simplex, Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 603 (1876) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 339 (1888) [part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 109
(1899) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 208 (1905).
Passer simplex saharae, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 163 (1904).
Passer saharae, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 251 (1908).
The eggs of the Desert-Sparrow taken by Loche in Algeria are of
a broad oval form and possess a small amount of gloss. They are
dull white, speckled and spotted with brown and lavender-grey.
These markings are dense on the larger half of the egg and form a
wreath or irregular zone round the broad end, or, sometimes, an
VOL. v. p
210
indistinct cap. Five examples measure from -8 to -84 in length,
and from '6 to '64 in breadth.
5. Algeria (Locke). Seebohm Coll.
Passer swainsoni (Rupp.).
Parser swainsoiii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 334 (1888) ; Reichenow,
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 228 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 252 (1908).
Passer diffusus, Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 251 (1902) [part,].
Five eggs of Swainson's Sparrow resemble some of those of
P. domesticus. They measure from *79 to '8 in length, and from
•58 to -62 in breadth.
1. N.E. Africa (Nehrkom CoU.\ Crowley Bequest.
4. Harar, S. Abyssinia, 16th June. Mr. P.'Zaphiro [C.].
Genus ALARIO, Bonap.
Alario alario (Linn.}.
(Plate X. fig. 15.)
Alario alario, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 346 (1888) ; Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 179 (1900); Hetchenow, Voy.Afr.iu..
p. 246 (1904) [part.] ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 253 (1908).
Serinus alario, Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 213 (1902).
Eight eggs of tbe Mountain Canary vary in shape from a broad
to a somewhat pointed oval and are almost devoid of gloss. They
are white or pale bluish-white with small scattered spots, scrolls,
and streaks of chocolate-brown and reddish-lilac, these markings
being almost entirely confined to the larger end. They measure
from *61 to -66 in length, and from '46 to '48 in breadth.
8. Pondoland, S. Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Alario leucolaema, Sharpe.
Alario leucolsema, Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. no. xcix. p. 80 (1903) ; id.,
Hand-l v. p. 253 (1908).
Five eggs of the Western Mountain Canary are of a somewhat
pointed oval shape and distinctly glossy. They are much like those
of A. alario but larger, and the markings are of a deep chocolate-
brown. In one specimen most of the markings take the form of
fine interlaced lines and tracings, forming a zone round the larger
end. They vary from -68 to '78 in length, and from -45 to '54 in
breadth.
6. Namaqualand, S.W. Africa. Crowley Bequest.
AURIPA^SHU. - I'uLIOSPIZA. -1 1
Genus AURIPA3SER,
Auripasser euclilorus, Bonap.
(Plate X. tigs. 17 & 18.)
Pass«-r eiushlorus, Shar^ Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 341 (1888) ; Yerbury,
Ibi*, 1SJH-), p. 27; Nehrfa Kat. Eiersamml. p. 109(1899); OgrtYw'e
Grant, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 246 (1900) ; S/tetfew. /?*/•<& Afr.' m. p. 259
(1902).
Auripasser euclilorus, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 250 (1904) ; Sharpe^
Hand-L v. p. 253 (1908).
The eggs of the Arabian Yellow Sparrow taken by Colonel Yer-
bury are not separable from many of the eggs of Passer montanus.
They are of an ordinary oval form and slightly glosay. The
ground-colour is greyish- white, streaked and blotched with ashy-
brown and underlying lavender-grey. Three examples measure
respectively : -12 by '52 ; '73 by '51 ; '68 by '5.
3. Aden, Arabia, May. Col. J. W. Yerbury [P.],
Genus SORELLA, Hartl.
Sorella emini, Hartl.
(Plate X. fig. 14.)
Passer emini, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 332 (1888) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. iii. p. 256 (1902).
Auripasser emini, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 248 (1904).
Sorella emiiii, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 253 (1908).
Eggs of Emm's Sparrow are of a regular oval shape or slightly
pointed at one end, and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour
is white or pale bluish-white somewhat sparingly spotted with
brownish-black, grey, and lilac. They vary from '65 to -76 in
length, and from *49 to '54 in breadth.
4. Njemps, Lake Baringo, B. E. Africa, F. J . Jackson, Esq., C.B. [C.l.
'16th July.
4. Njemps, 16th July. F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B. [C.~
4. Njernps, 16th July. F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B. i C."
4. N'jemps, 16th July. F. J. Jackson, Esq., C.B. [C/
Genus POLI03PIZA,
Poliospiza albigularis (Smith).
Crithagra albogularis, Sharpened. Layunl, Birds S. Africa, p. 485 (1875-
84).
Serinus albigulavis, .S7/^v^, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 360 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eier*amnil. p. 1 10 ( ]s<H)) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr.. Birds, i. p. 174
(1900) ; Slu-lle,/, />V/v/.s Afr. iii. p. 223 (1902).
212 FRINGILLID^E.
Polioepiza albigularis, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 252 (1904) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 254 (1908).
Pour eggs of the "White-throated Finch closely resemble the eggs
Serinus sulphuratus. Two examples are spotted with chocolate-
brown only ; two others are marked both with chocolate-brown and
with lilac. They measure respectively : -81 by '55 ; *79 by '6 ;
•85 by -58 ; -8 by -6.
4. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Poliospiza crocopygia (Sharpe).
(Plate X. fig. 10.)
Serinus crocopygius, Sharpe, Cat. Birds E. M. xii. p. 360 (1888;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 222 (1902).
Poliospiza crocopygia, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 253 (1904) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 254 (1908).'
Five eggs of the Damaraland White-throated Finch are of a
rather wide and somewhat pointed oval shape and moderately glossy.
The ground- colour is white, with spots, blotches, and irregular
markings of deep chocolate, umber-brown, and faint underlying
lilac-grey, arranged in a ring round the larger end. They measure
from '74 to '81 in length, and from '58 to '59 in breadth.
5. Otjimbinque, Damaraland, 12th Jan. Crowley Bequest.
(C. J. Andersson : Tristram Coll.].
Poliospiza leucopygia (Sundev.).
Serinus leucopygius, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 366 (1888) ; Shelley,
Birds Afr. iii. p. 216 (1902).
Poliospiza leucopygia, Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 255 (1904) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 255 (1908).
Two eggs of the White-rumped Canary laid in captivity are of a
long oval shape and slightly glossy. Both are white : one is
sparingly marked about the larger end with very small spots and
dots of blackish-brown ; in the other the markings are indicated
by very minute dots. They measure respectively -64 by -44 and
•65 by -43.
2. Laid in captivity. Crowley Bequest.
Poliospiza gularis (Smith).
Poliospiza gularis, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 482 (1875- 84) ;
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 343 (1888); Nehrk. Eat. Eier-
samnil. p. 109 (1899) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 165 (1900) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 226 (1902) ; Reichenoic, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 258
(1904) ; Shurpe, Hand-l. v. p. 256 (19C8).
Four eggs of the Streaky-headed Seed-eater are of a somewhat
POLIOSPIZA.. SERINUS. 213
pointed oval shape and moderately glossy. They are bluish-white,
and two are sparingly spotted at the broad end with deep chocolate-
brown, while the others are almost uniform. They measure
respectively : '73 by -55 ; '75 by -55; '78 by '58 ; and -83 by '57.
2. South Africa. E. L, Layard, Esq. [P.].
2. Swelleudam, Cape Colony (T. At- Crowley Bequest.
more: Tristram Coll.).
Poliospiza tristriata (Rlipp.).
Poliospiza tristriata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 345 (1888) ; Shelley,
Birds Afr. iii. p. 229 (1902) ; Reichenoio, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 229 (1904)
Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 256 (1908).
Two e<>-gs of Riippell's Seed-eater are of a regular oval shape and
almost devoid of gloss. They resemble small eggs of Liyurinus
chloris, having the ground-colour pale greenish-white, with spots and
irregular markings of chocolate-brown and lilac-grey, mostly confined
to the larger end. They measure respectively *71 by '52 and
-72 by -53.
2. Harar, Abyssinia, 10th June. Mr. P. Zaphiro [C.].
Genus SERINUS, Koch.
Serinus canicollis (Swains.).
Serinus canicollis, Sharpe, td. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 488 (1875-84) ;
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 350 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 110 (1899) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 168(1900) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 186 (1902) ; Reichenow, Voy. Afr. iii.
p. 262 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 257 (J908,.
Crithagra canicollis, Butler, Feilden, Sf Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 301 .
Eggs of the Cape Canary are of a pointed oval shape and possess
a small amount of gloss. They are white or very pale bluish-white,
speckled, almost entirely at the broader half, with lilac and purplish-
brown or deep chocolate-brown. They measure from *66 to '72 in
length, and from *49 to -51 in breadth.
4. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard; Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Cape Colony (Miss Dacres: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. Mooi River, Natal, Nov. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.]
3. Mooi River, 13th Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
4. Mooi River, Dec. Major R. Sparrow f E.'j.
7. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(T.Ayres: Tristram Coll.).
214
Serinus sulphuratus (Linn.').
(Plate X. fig. 13.)
Crithagra sulplmrata, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 486
(1875-84 *.
Serinus sulphuratus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 352 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml, p. 110 (1899) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 169
(1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 204 (1902) ;' Reichenow, Vog. Afr.
iii. p. 265 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 257 (1908).
Eggs of the Large Yellow Seed-eater are of a pointed oval shape
and possess but little gloss. They are white or white tinged with
blue, speckled, spotted, and sometimes streaked at the broad end
with deep chocolate-brown. Oue example has, in addition, some
lilac specks. They measure from -7 to *8 in length, and from -49
to '55 in breadth.
3. South Africa. E L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
2. Cape Colony (T. Atmore : Tris- Growl ey Bequest.
tram Coll.).
1. Cape Colony (E. L. Lm/ard; Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Serinus flaviventris (Swains).
Serinus flaviventris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 353 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 110 (1899 ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i.
p. 170 (1900): Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 199 (1902); Reichenow,
Voy. Afr. iii. p. 267 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 258 (1908).
Four eggs of the Yellow-bellied Seed-eater are of a rather blunt
oval shape and somewhat glossy. They are bluish-white, more or
less sparingly marked round the larger end with spots, streaks, and
hair-lines of deep chocolate-brown. They measure from -67 to '68
in length, and from %50 to *f>3 in breadth.
4. Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 4th Nov. Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.].
(E. Seimund).
Serinus marshalli, Shelley.
(Plate X. fig. 20.)
Serinus marshalli, Sh^ley, Birds Afr iii. p. 200 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l
\. p. 258 (1908).
Four eggs of Marshall's Canary are of a rather narrow pointed
oval shape and somewhat glossy. They are pale greenish-white,
marked round the larger end with spots and streaks of deep choco-
late-brown and underlying; smudges of reddish-lilac. They measure
from -71 to '72 in length, and from -49 to '50 in breadth.
4. Kuruman, Bechuan aland, 27th Feb. R. B. Woosnam, Esq. [C.].
SERIN 2513
Serinus icterus ( Vieill.}.
chrysopyga, Anders*. Bird* Damnra-Ld. p. 1S2 (1872).
Crithagw ictera, Sharpe, ed. Lat/ard, Birds S. Africa, p. 484 (1875-84)
R. B. # J. D. S. Woodward, Ibis, 1897, p. 411.
Serinus icterus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 356 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eier*amml. p. 110 (1899); Stark, Fanna S. Afr.. Birds, i. p. 173
(1900) ; Reichenow, Vog. Afr. iii. p. 269 (1904)'; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 258 (1908).
Serinus butyraceus, Shettty, Birds Afr. iii. p. 193 (1902).
Eggs of the Golden-rutnped Finch resemble the eggs of S. canicollis.
They measure from -61 to '69 in leugrh, and from '46 to '51 in
breadth.
1. [South Africa] (Nehrkorn Coll.}. .Crowley Bequest.
3. Natal ( T. Ayres). Salvin-Godinan Coll.
4. rnigcni River, Natal, 6th Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
1. Omapju, Damaraland, 5th Jan. (C. Crowley Bequest.
J. Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
Serinus serinus (Linn.).
Fringilla serinus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. qes. Vog.^. 400, tab. xxxv. fig. 15, a-c
(18^5-o4) ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iv. p. 25, pi. (1875) ; Seebohm,
Brit. Birds, ii. p. 8M, pi. 12 (1884) ; id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 240,
pi. 56. fig. 16 (1896).
Serinus flavescens, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voy. tab. 20. fig. 5 (1855-63).
Serinus meridionalis, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 313.
Serinus hortulanus, Sounders, Ibis, 1871, p. 220; Dresser, Birds Eur.
iii. p. 549 (1875) ; id. Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 280 (1902).
Serinus serinus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 368 (1888) ; Hey, Eier
Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 316, pi. 40. figs. 26-30 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 259 (1908).
Serinus canaria serinus, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 83 (1903);
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 65, pi. 11. figs. 26-30 (1906).
The eggs of the Serin Finch resemble those of the Goldfinch so
closely that no separate description of them is necessary. They
measure from '6 to '7 in length, and from -45 to "52 in breadth.
2. Setubal, Portugal, 29th May. Don L. Gonzaga do Nasci-
. men to [P.J.
5. South Spain, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Andalucia, Spain, 26th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Granada, Spain, 2nd April (H. Saun- Seebohm Coll.
ders).
o. Malaga, Spain, 10th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
C. . Malaga, 2nd June (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Malaga, 8th June (A. Ruiz). Seebohm Coll.
5. .Malaga, 25th May (A. R.\ Seebohm Coll.
A. Malaga, 3()tu March (A. R.). W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
4. Hesse. Germany, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
216
FRINGILLID^E.
4. Saxony, Germany.
4. Dresden, Saxony, 27th May (T.
Holland}.
5. Moravia, 29th May.
4. Cilli, Slyria (E. Seidensacher).
4. Cilli, 22nd May.
5. Szigetcsep, Hungary, 1st June.
1. Parnassus, Greece, 7th May (T.
Kriiper).
2. Algeria, 13th May.
4. Near Algiers, 31st May (H. B. Tris-
tram}.
1. Ain Diendeli, Algeria. 17th Mav
(O. S.).
1. Ain Djendeli, 17th May (H. B. T.).
2. Tunis, May (Tristram Coll.).
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohui Coll.
W. Radcliffe Sauuders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
P. Crowley, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Goduian Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Serinus canarms (Linn.).
Fringilla canaria, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 398, tab. xxxv. fig. 6
(1845-54) ; Seebohm, Bnt. Birds, ii. p. 79, pi. 12 (1884) ; id., Eyys of
Brit. Birds, p. 240 (1896).
Serinus canaria, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. fig. 6 (1855-03);
Godman, Ibis, 1872, p. 212 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 557 (1877) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 370 (1888) ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml.
p. 110 (1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 281 (1902);
Grant, Nov. tool. xii. p. 124 (1905).
Serinus hortulanus, Godman, Ibis, ]86(>, p. 98.
Serinus canaria canaria, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 84 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 67, pi. 26. fig. 7 (1906).
Serinus canarius, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 259 (1908).
The eggs of the Canary are larger than those of the Goldfinch
or Serin-Finch, but do not otherwise differ from them. They
measure from '7 to '77 in length, and from '51 to -55 in breadth.
3. Magdalena, Pico, Azores, 15th May
( W. R Ogilvie-Grant).
3. Alagd alena, 15th May ( W. R. O.- G. ) .
2. Magdalena, 15th May ( Tf . R. O.-G.).
3. Magdalena, 17th May ( W. R. O.- G. ).
1. Magdalena, 17th May ( W. R. O.-G.),
3. Fayal, Azores (F. I). Godman].
3. Horta, Fayal, 1st May (F. D. G.}.
3. Fayal, 28th May (F. D. G.).
5. Agua de Pena, Madeira, 20th April
(Pe. E. Schmitz).
5. San Mart-mho, Madeira, loth April
(E.S.).
5. Tenerife, Canary Is. (R. Gomez).
5. Tenerife, 12th March (R. G.).
5. Tenerife, May (JR. G.).
3. Tenerife, May (P. G.).
Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.].
Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.].
Hon. Walter Rothschild [P.J
Hon. Walter Rothschild [P. ,.
Hon. Walter Rothschild fP.].
Salvin-Godnmn Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
PP-1-
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saucders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J
W. Radcline Saunders, Esq.
fP.l
SERINUS. 21
5. Grata va, Triu»rifr, April (J. H. Leach). Seebohm Coll.
5. Oratava, April (J. H. L.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Laid in captivity, Essex. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Card uel is parva, Tschusi <$ x Serinus canarius (Linn.)
See page 178.
Serinus syriacus, Bonap.
Serinus aurifrons, Tristram, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 447.
Serinus canonicus Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 171 (1876) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 372 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 110
(1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 281 (1902).
Serinus syriacus, Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 434 (1902> ;
Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 85 (1903); Sharps, Hand-l. \.
p. 259 (1908).
Eggs of Tristram's Serin-Finch resemble those of S. canarius,
several different types being represented among those in the
Collection. In one especially handsome set the markings are mostly
red-violet and form a more or less irregular cap round the larger
end. They measure from -65 to '71 in length, and from *50 to "51
in breadth.
3. Mount Lebanon, Palestine, 2nd May. W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
!P.j-
2. Mount Lebanon, 4th May (If. B. Crowley Bequest.
Tristram).
5. Mount Lebanon, 16th June (H.B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Mount Hermon, Palestine, 19th May Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. T.).
Serinus pusillus (Pall.}.
Serinus pusillus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 373 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 110 (1899) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 318,
pi. 29. fig. 10 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 282 (1902) ;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 85 (1903); Juurd. Eygs Europ.
Birds, p. 67, pi. 38. tig. 10 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 260 (1908).
Metoponia pusilla, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 230 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eyas Ind. Birds, ii. p. 158 (1890).
Eggs of the Gold-fronted Serin-Einch resemble those of S. canicollis
and £. icterus. They measure '6 by "64 in length, and '48 by *50
in breadth.
3. Derbend, E. Caucasus, loth June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Kuldja, Mongolia, 8th May. AY. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cucalus canorus).
3. Issvk Kul, Turkestan, 26th Mav. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
218 FRINGILLID^!.
Genus SYCALIS, Boie.
Sycalis flaveola (Linn.)
Sycalis flaveola, SJiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 377 (1888); Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 110 (1899) ; Euler, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv.p. 26
(1900) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p 214 (1900) ; Berlepsch $
Hartert, Nov. Zool. ix. p, 27 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 261
(1908).
Two eggs said to be those of the Yellow Seed-Finch are of
a regular or slightly pointed oval form and faintly glossy. The
ground-colour is pale greenish-white, very finely spotted all over
with maroon-red and lilac-grey, the markings being concentrated
towards the larger end and forming, in one specimen, especially, a
rather strongly marked cap. They measure respectively '78 by -59
and -8 by -6. "
2. [Brazil.] Oowley Bequest.
Sycalis pelzelni, Sdater.
(Plate X. fig. 9.)
Sycalis pelzelni, Durnford, Ibis, 1877, p. 172; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 380 (1888)'; Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 66 (1889) ; Hol-
land, Ibis, 1892, p. 197; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 110 (1899);
Iheriny, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 214 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 261 (1908).
Eggs of Pelzeln's Seed-Finch are of a pointed oval shape and
nearly devoid of gloss. Those in the Collection are of two types.
In one the ground is cream-colour, very thickly streaked and
mottled all over with brown and greyish-brown. In a second
the ground-colour is pale green, streaked and blotched, but not
very densely, with brown and lavender-grey. They measure from
•78 to '85 in length, and from *5 to -57 in breadth.
3. South Brazil, Aujr. (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll. : Tristram Coll.}.
2. Argentina, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [0.1.
4. Argentina, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
2. Argentina, 28th Dec. Crowley Bequest.
Sycalis arvensis, Kittl.
Sycalis arvensis, Dalyleish, Proc. R. Pints. Soc. Edinb. viii. p. 84 (1883-5) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 38/(1888) ; James, Neio Li<t Chilian
Birds, p. 2 (1892) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897, p. 24 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. Ill (1899) ; Iherini/, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 214 (1900) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 262 (1908).
Sycalis luteola, Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 69 (1889) ; Holland, Ibis,
1892, p. 197.
Eggs of the Misto Seed-Finch vary from a narrow to a broad
oval shape and possess a moderate amount of gloss. They are
white or pale bluish- white, thickly speckled, mottled and, in some
CARPODACUS.
219
cnses. blotched with rather bright reddish-brown and underlying
purplish-grey. The markings are usually very dense at the broad
end of the egg, where they often form a more or less well-defined
cap. Two eggs of this species in the Collection are of abnormal
size, measuring respectively -8 by -63; '83 by '67. Normal
specimens measure from '64 to -8 in length, and from '5 to *57 in
breadth.
2. Campo of La Tala, Central Urn- Crowley Bequest.
guay, 14th Nov. (R. Urquhart).
5. Argentina, Oct. A. II. Holland, Esq. [C.].
3. Argentina, Oct. A. II. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
2. Argentina, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.
2. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
6. Chile. Old Collection.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck}. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
2. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
5. Rio Bueno, Chile, 26th Jan. Berkeley James Coll.
(A. Lane).
1. Rio Bueno, 6th Feb. (A. L.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus CARPODACUS, Kaup.
Carpodacus erythrinus (Pall.).
Frinsrilla ervthrina, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Voy. p. 416, tab. xxxv.
tig. 3, a, b (1845-54).
Carpodacus erythrinus, Baedeker^ Eier Ear. Voy. tab. 20. fig. 12
(1855-63) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 75 (1871) ; Bree, Birds Eur.
2nd ed., iv. p. 1, pi. (1875); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 46, pi. 12
(1884); Sharp?, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 391 (1888) [part.]; Tacz.
Fcnme Orn. Siber. Orient p. 659 (1891); Seebohm, Eyqs Brit.
Birds, p. 235, pi. 56. fig. 9 (1896) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 337,
pi. 41. figs. 9-12 (1900); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 321
(1902) [part.]; Jourd. Eygs Europ. Birds, p. 72, pi. 9. tigs. 9-12
(1906) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 2(i3 (1908).
Carpodacus ervthrina ervthrina, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Fann. pt, i. p. 106
(1908).
Eggs of the Scarlet Rose-Pinch are of a pointed oval form and
possess a considerable amount of gloss. They are of a clear blue
colour, marked, almost entirely at the broad end, with specks and
spots of dark chocolate-brown. Some specimens are also marked
at the large end with a few spots and blotches of lilac. Occasionally
the markings are extremely line and hair-like, arid sometimes they
are somewhat large and tend to form a zone or a small cap at the
broad end. They measure from '7 to '86 in length, and from '53
to •() in breadth.
1. Reval, Baltic Provinces, 14th June Seebohm Coll.
..
4. Sayn, Rhenish Provs., Germany, W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
"12th May. [P.].
220
FKINGILLID2E.
5. East Prussia, 28th June. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Moscow, Russia, 13th June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Moscow, 30th May. Crowle}r Bequest.
4. Moscow, 7th June (Lorenz). Seebohin Coll.
1. Siberia. Crowley Bequest.
4. Darasun, Dauria, S. Siberia, June Seebohm Coll.
(Dybowski).
4. Darasun (Dybowski). Seebohm Coll.
2. Darasun, June (Dybowski: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
5. Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, June (Kibort). Seebohm Coll.
5. Krasnoyarsk, June (Kibort). Seebohm Coll.
Carpodacus roseatus (Hodgs.).
Carpodacus erythrinus, Biddulpfi, Ibis, 1881, p. 83 ; Oates, Fauna Brit.
2nd., Birds, ii. p. 219 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Jtests $ Eggs 2nd.
Birds, ii. p. 153 (1890).
Carpodacus erythrina roseata, Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. i. p. 108
(1903).
Carpodacus roseatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 263 (1908).
Five eggs of Hodgson's Rose-Finch are indistinguishable from
those of G. erythrinus. They measure from *73 to '8 in length,
and from -51 to -58 in breadth.
2. Altai Mountains, Central Asia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Altai Mountains. Crowley Bequest.
1. Gilgit, Kashmir, 10,000 ft., July Hume Coll.
(«/. Biddulph).
Carpodacus severtzovi, Sharpe.
(Plate X. fig. 11.)
Pyrrhospiza punicea, Stoliczka (nee Hodgs.}, J. A. S. B. xxxvii. pt. ii.
p. 60 (1868).
Carpodacus rubicilla, Peheln (nee Guldenst.). Ibis, 1868, p. 318.
Carpodacus severtzovi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds fi. M. xii. p. 400 (1888) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 220 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $
jEoas 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 154 (1890) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 319 (1902) ; id., Ibis, 1904, p. 107, pi. iii. tigs. 1 & 3; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 264 (1908).
Carpodacus rubricilla severtzovi, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 100
(1903).
Mr. Hume has shown (I. c.) that there can be no doubt about
the authenticity joi the eggs of Severtzoff's Rose-Finch found by
Dr. Stoliczka in Western Tibet.
These eggs are of a broad pointed oval form and possess a small
amount ot gloss. They are blue, sparingly spotted and speckled,
almost entirely at the broad end, with deep black. They measure
respectively : -95 by '69 ; 1 by -68 ; 1 by -69 ; -98 by '7.
4. Ankhang, Province of Rupshu, Hume Coll.
West Tibet, 14,000-15,000 feet,
7th July (F. Stoliczka).
CARPODACUS,
221
Carpodacus purpureus (Omd.).
Fringilla purpurea, Thien. Fortpjhwz. yes. Vog. p. 417, tab. xxxv. fig. 4
(1845-54).
Carpodacus purpureus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, \. p. 462
(1874); Brook*, Ibi*, 1884, p. 235 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii.
p. 409 (1888) Lp irt.] ; Ne/trk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. Ill (1899) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L v. p. 204 (1908).
Carpodacus purpureus purpureus, Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. 128 (1901).
Eggs of the Purple Rose-Finch are of a pointed oval shape and
have a very slight amount of gloss. They are blue, spotted and
speckled with dark brown or black and underlying pale violet-grey.
The markings are most frequent over the broader half of the egg,
and sometimes form a wreath or zone round the large end.
Specimens measure from '72 to '9 in length, and from -55 to -6 in
breadth.
1. North America. Salvin-Godman Coll.
8. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Eastern United States. Crowley Bequest.
1. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. West Newbury, Massachusetts, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
23rd May (G. E. Oilman). [P.].
Carpodacus calif ornicus, Baird.
Carpodacus purpureus, var. californicus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. N.
Amer. Birds, i. p. 465 (1874) ; Cooper, Bull. Nutt. Om. C. iii. p. 8
(1878).
Carpodacus purpureus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 409 (1888)
[part.].
Carpodacus purpureus californicus, Ridyiv. Birds North Sf Middle Amer.
i. p. 130(1901).
Carpodacus californicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 265 (1908).
An egg of the Californian Rose-Finch is indistinguishable from
those of C. parpureus. It measures '79 by '56.
1. Western North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders. E.sq.
[p.].
Carpodacus cassini, Baird.
(Plate X. fig. 19.)
Carpodacus cassini, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 412 (1888) ; Ridyw
Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 126 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 265 (1908).
Four eggs of Cassin's Rose-Finch are of a long pointed oval form
and slightly glossy. They are either uniform pale blue or with a
222 FRINGILLID^E.
few minute black markings about the larger end. They measure
from -78 to -8 in length, and from -5 to '52 in breadth.
4. Rouse Co., Colorado, U.S.A., W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
24th May (N. £. Christie). [P.].
Carpodacus mexicanus (P. L. S. Mull.).
Carpodacus mexicanus, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 422 (1888)
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 265 (1908).
Carpodacus mexicanus mexicanus, Ridyw. Birds of North fy Middle
Amer. i. p. 131 (1901).
Two eggs of the Mexican Rose-Finch resemble those of C. pur-
pureus described above. They measure respectively '72 by *56 and
•75 by *55.
2. South-east Mexico. Crowley Bequest.
Carpodacus frontalis (Say).
Carpodacus frontalis, Baird, Breiver 8f Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 465
(1874); Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 107 (1874); Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 420 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. Ill (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 265 (19Q3).
Carpodacus mexicanu? frontalis, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. i.
p. 137 (1901).
Eggs of the Crimson-fronted Rose-Pinch are pale bluish-white,
speckled arid spotted, but almost entirely at the broad end, with
deep chocolate-brown. One of the specimens in the Collection is of
a narrow, pointed oval shape ; another is of a broad, blunt oval
form. They measure from -72 to -8 in length, and from '5 to -58
in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. California (T. M. Brewer: Tris- Salvin-Godman Coll. &
tram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
4. California. Crowley Bequest.
2. San Francisco, California ( T. Hep- H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
burn).
8. San Diego, California, 5th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(M. Belden). [P.].
2. San Diego. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Tucson, Arizona. Crowley Bequest.
Texas (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Carpodacus dementis, Mearns.
Carpodacus dementis, Mearns, Auk, xv. p. 258 (1898) ; Sharpe. Hand-l.
v. p. 266 (1903).
Carpodacus mexicanus dementis, Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i.
p. 140 (1901).
CAlil'ODACUS. — LOXIA. 223
The eggs of the San Clemente Hose-Finch are of a blunt oval form
and almost devoid of gloss. They are pale bluish-green, very
sparingly speckled at the broad end with black and lilac. Four
examples measure respectively: '73 by '57; "7 by "53; '7
by -53 ; -72 by -55.
4. Santa Cruz Island, Santa l>url>uni Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Islands, S. California, 8th May
(R. H. Beck}.
Carpodacus amplus,
(Plate X. fig. 22.)
Carpodacus amplus, Enfant, Bull. Col. Ac. Sci. no. 6. p. 293 (1887) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds E. M. xii. p. 424 (1888) ; Ridgw. Birds North
$ Middle Amer. i p. 142 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 266 (1908).
Six eggs of the Guadalupe Rose-Finch are of a regular oval form
and moderately glossy. They are pale bluish-green, sometimes
plain, sometimes marked at the broad end with a few minute
blackish specks. They measure from -8 to '82 in length, and from
•6 to -62 in breadth.
6. Guadalupe Island, Lower Cali- A. W. Anthony, Esq. [P.],
forma, 24th March.
Genus PROPASSER, Hodys.
Propasser thura, Bonap. fy Schl.
(Plate X. fig. 12.)
Carpodacus thura, Sharpe, Cat. Bird* B. M. xii. p. 425 (1888) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 327 (1902).
Propasser thura, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ltd., Birds, ii. p. 213 (1890): id.,
ed. Hume, Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 152 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 2(36 (1908;.
Carpodacus thura thura, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 101 (1903).
An egg of the White-browed Rose-Finch is of a greenish-blue
colour, marked with a few brown specks at the broad end. It is of
a regular oval shape, moderately glossy, and measures '89 by *61.
1. Dcirj'iling, Sikhim, 1st Aug. Hume Coll.
Genus LOXIA, Linn.
Loxia curvirostra, Linn.
en. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. ta
'eker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 1
jtteivitson, J^ggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 212, pi. liv. ngs. n a, m ^1000; ;
Wheelwright, A Spring fy Summ. in Lapl. p. 301 (1871) ; L)resser,
224
Birds Eur. iv. p. 127 (1872) ; Seebohm, Brit Birds, ii. p. 30, pi. 13
(1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 435 (1888) ; Seebohm, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 234, pi. 56. fig. 1 (1896) ; Hey, Eier Vog. Miitel-
europ. p. 311, pi. 42, tigs. 26-29 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 339 (1902) ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 432
(1902) : Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 269 (1908).
Loxia cnrvirotra curvirostra, Hartert, log. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 117
(1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 78, pi. 12. figs. 26-29
(1906).
Loxia curvirostra anglica, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 119 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 77 (1906).
Loxia anjrlica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 269 (1908).
Loxia curvirostra scotica, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 120 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 75, pi. 26. fig. 8 (1906).
Loxia scotica', Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 269 (1908).
Eggs of the Common Crossbill are usually of a regular oval form,
but sometimes they are much pointed. They have a considerable
amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from white to pale
greenish-blue, and this is marked, chiefly at the larger end, with
spots, specks, small blotches, and short crooked lines of deep
chocolate- brown or reddish-brown and underlj'ing lilac. These
markings sometimes form a wreath round the larger end of the
egg, or an ill-defined cap, but as a rule they are sparse and scattered.
Specimens measure from '8 to -96 in length, and from *6 to '68 in
breadth.
3. Ross-shire.
4. Ross-shire, May.
4. Scotsburn, Ross-shire, 2nd April
(R. Macdonald}.
3. Scotsburn, April (R. M.).
3. Balnagowan, Ross -shire, 30th
March (R. M. : Tristram
Coll}.
4. Balnagown, llth March (R. M.}.
5. Cheviot Hills, 2nd June.
4. Christiania, Norway, 23rd March
(R. Collett).
4. Sweden, 12th Feb. (H. Wheel-
wright},
3. Wermland, Sweden, 27th Feb.
4. Wermland, 24th March.
4. Wermland, llth April.
4. Carlstad, Wermland (H. W. :
Tristram Coll.}.
4. Gardsjo, Sweden, 30th May
(H. W.}.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
[P.].
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe
[P.]. .
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
WT. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radclifle Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W7: Radclifle Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
LOXIA. 225
Loxia pityopsittacus, Borlch.
Loxia pityopsittacus, Thicn. Fortpftanz. yes. Voq. tab. xxxvi. fig1. 17 a, b
(184o-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab! 76. fig. 12 (1855-63) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 121 (1872); Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop.
p. 310, pi. 42. fig. 25 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 340
(1902) ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 430 (1902) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 270 (1909).
Loxia cuvvirostra, Seebohm, Eyas of Brit. Birds, p. 234, pi. 56. fig. 2
(1896).
Loxia pytyopsittaeus, Hartert, Yog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 122 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 79, pi. 12. fig. 25 (1906).
The eggs of the Parrot-Crossbill resemble those of L. carvirostra
both in size and colour.
i>. Sweden. Gould Coll.
2. Sweden (H. Wheel ID right}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Wermland, 8th M&rch \Meves). Seebohm Coll.
2. Wermland, 20th March (Meves). Seebohm. Coll.
4. Wermland, 27th March (Meves). Seebohm Col).
:>. Wermland, 13th April (Meres). Seebohm Coll.
4. Wermland, 27th March. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
4. Wermland, 18th Feb. (Nilsson). Crowley Bequest.
3. Carlstad, Wermland (H. W.: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}
4. Nerike, Sweden, 30th March. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Loxia bifasciata (Brehm).
Loxia bifasciata, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 37, pi. 19 (1884) ; id., Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 234, pi. 56. fig. 3 (1896) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mittel-
europ. p. 314. pi. 124. fig. 18 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 343 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 270 (1909).
Loxia leucoptera bifasciata, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 123 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 81 (1906).
Eggs of the Two-barred Crossbill are similar to those of
L. curvirostra but somewhat smaller. They measure from '8 to -89
in length, and from '56 to '6 in breadth.
4. Archangel, N. Russia, 2nd April. Crowley Bequest.
4. Archangel, 20th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Archangel, 14th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
12. Petropavlovsk, Kamtchatka, W. Radcliffe Saunderg, Esq.
26th June. [P.].
Loxia leucoptera, Gmel
Loxia leucoptera, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 443 (1888) ; Ridgw.
. 53 (1901) ; Dresser, Mai " '
Hand-l. v. p. 271 (1909).
* *V/U.\^V7 LI f^J.ttj »^7/C/U / /'<--* V_/t*t/« J^ft/l 1*0 J~f « .
Birds North Sf Middle Amer. i. p. 53 (1901) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 342 (1902) ; Sharpe, j
VOL. V.
226 FBINGILLID^.
Eggs of the White-winged Crossbill are similar to those of
L. curvirostra but somewhat smaller. They measure from *78 to
•85 in length, and from '53 to *6 in breadth.
2. Labrador, 17th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1 . London, Western Canada ( Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
5. Pennsylvania, U.S.A., 3rd March Crowley Bequest.
(Field Coll.).
Genus PYRRHULA, Briss.
Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Linn.}.
Fringilla pyrrhula, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 415, tab. xxxvi. fig. 3 a-c
(1845-54).
Pyrrhula vulgaris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. tig. 7 (1855-63)
[part.].
Pyrrhula major, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 97 (1876) ; Seebohm, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 237 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 334
(1902).
Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 446 (1888) ; id.
Hand-l v. p. 271 (1909).
Pyrrhula pyrrhula major, Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 331, pi. 41.
figs. 1-4 (1900).
Pyrrhula pyrrhula pyrrhula, Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. i. p. 93 (1903) ;
Jourd. Ecjgs Eur op. Birds, p. 71, pi. 9. figs. 1-4 (1906).
Eggs of the Northern Bullfinch are similar to those of P. europcea
described below. They measure from '7 to -79 in length, and from
•55 to -6 in breadth.
4'. Lapland, 1st June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.).
5. Tornea, Lapland. W. Radcliffe Saundeis, Esq.
6. Muonioniska, Lapland, 19th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Finland (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
6. Reval, Baltic Provinces, 6th June Seebohin Coll.
(Russow).
Pyrrhula europaea, Vieill.
Pyrrhula vutoaris, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. fig. 7 (1855-63)
[part.] ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 211, pi. liv. fig. i (1856) ;
Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 51, pi. 12 (1884) ; id. Eygs of Brit. Birds,
p. 236, pi. 56. figs. 6 & 7 (1896).
Pyrrhula europaea, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 101 (1876) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 447 (1888) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 333 (190:2); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 271 (1909).
Pyrrhula pyrrhula minor, Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 332, pi. 41.
figs. 5-8 (1900).
I'YRIIIIULA.
227
Pyrrhula pyrrhula europaaa, Hartcrt, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 94 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 69, pi. 9. tigs. 5-8 (1906).
The eggs of the Common Bullfinch are of a pointed oval form
and moderately glossy. The ground-colour is bluish-green, spotted
and blotched with chocolate or reddish-brown and underlying lilac.
The markings, which sometimes include short lines and streaks, are
generally dense at the large end, where they form a zone or cap,
and rather sparse elsewhere. The Collection contains a set of white
eggs from Invermoriston. Specimens measure from •? to *85 in
length, and from -53 to -6 in breadth.
Three eggs from Cassel, Germany, are abnormally small. They
measure respectively : -55 by '42 ; *59 by '49 ; and *62 by -5.
5. Invermoriston, Inverness-shire,
22nd May (Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Lochend, Inverness-shire, 1st June
(Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Inverness, llth May (Hargitt Coll.}.
1. Castle Eden, Durham (Tristram
Coll.}.
4. Sparham, Norfolk, 26th May (F.
Nor ff ate).
5. Sparham, 26th May (F. N.).
4. Cambridgeshire (J. Baker}.
3. Luton Park, Bedfordshire, 28th
May.
6. Luton Park, 28th May.
9. Middlesex.
5. Wembley Hill, Middlesex, 4th
May.
4. Wembley Hill, 6th June.
5. Til ford, Surrey, June.
5. Tilford.
5. Kent (Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Kent (Hargitt Coll.).
4. West Meon, Hants, 3rd June
(S. H. Wallis}.
5. Torquay, Devon, 1st June (H. P.
Saunders).
5. Coblenz, Germany, 10th May.
3. Cassel, Germany, 20th May.
3. Altenkirchen, Germany, 18th May.
3. Altenkirchen, 18th May.
6. Altenkirchen, 2nd June.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohrn Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. RadclirTe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P-l-
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
3. Strawberry Hill, Surrey, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
228 FRINQILLID^i.
Genus PINICOLA, Vieill.
Pinicola enucleator (Linn.).
Fringilla enucleator, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 418, tab. xxxvi. fig. 1
(1845-54),
Cory thus enucleator, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 20. fig. 11, tab. 76.
fig. 11 (1855-63) ; Wheelwright, A Spring $ Summ. in Lapl. p. 308
(1871).
Pvrrhula enucleator, Hewitson, Eggs of Bnt. Birds, i. p. 210*, pi. liii*
m (1856).
Pinicola enucleator, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. Ill (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 459 (1888) [part.] ; Rey. Eier Vog. Mitteleurop.
p. 334, pi. 41. figs. 13-17 (1900) ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii.
p. 417, pi. xii. (1902) ; Dresser, Man, Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 338 (1902) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 74, pi. 9. figs. 13-17 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L v. p. 273 (1909).
Loxia enucleator, Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 41, pi. 12 (1884) ; id. Eqgs
of Brit. Birds, p. 235, pi. 56. fig. 4 (1896).
Pinicola enucleator enucleator, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 114
(1904>
Eggs of the Pine-Grosbeak are mostly of an elongate oval form
and are usually rather glossy. The ground-colour is greenish-blue,
boldly spotted and blotched with chocolate and reddish-brown and
underlying lilac-grey. The markings are distributed over the entire
shell, but they are denser and larger over the broader half of the
egg, where they often form a zone and are more or less confluent.
Specimens measure from '98 to 1-12 in length, and from *67 to "72
in breadth.
2. Quick] ock, Sweden (H. Wheel- Crowley Bequest.
wright}.
6. Lapland (J. Wolley}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Lapland (H. W. : Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Lapland (H. W.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Lapland (H. W.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Kyrrowara, Lapland, 10th June Seebohm Coll.
(Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Tornea, Lapland, June (Meves). Crowley Bequest.
4. Tornea, 24th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Tornea. 19th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Tornea, 24th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Tornea, 28th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Muonioniska, Lapland, SOth May. D. Meinertzhagen, Esq. [P.].
3. Muonioniska, 12th June. Seebohm Coll.
3. Muonioniska, 12th June. Seebohm Coll.
4. Muonioniska, 13th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Russian Lapland, 23rd June (J. W.}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Regen Selka, 16th June. Crowley Bequest.
2. Finland (J. W. : Tristram Coll.). Crowiey Bequest.
3. Kyro, Finland, 23rd June (7m- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
riNICOLA. PYRRHULORHYNCHA. 220
Pinicola canadensis, Cab.
Piiiicola enucleatov, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 459 (1888) [part.] ;
Xchrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. Ill (1899) [part.].
Pinicola enucleator canadensis, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 60 (1901).
Pinicola canadensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 274 (1909).
An egg of the Canadian Pine-Grosbeak does not differ from that
of P. enucleator. It measures 1-08 by •?.
1. Canada (Xehrkorn). Crowley Bequest.
Genus URAGUS, Keys. $ Bias.
Uragus sibiricus (Pall.).
(Plate X. fig. 21.)
Uragus sibiricus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 464 (1888) Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. Ill (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 332
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 274 (1909).
Uragus sibirica sibirica, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. i. p. 86 (1903).
Eggs of the Long-tailed Rosefinch are of a pointed oval shape
and slightly glossy. They are pale greenish-blue, sparingly spotted
and marked round the larger end with black, and sometimes with a
few pale grey undermarkings. They measure from '71 to '79 in
length, and from -52 to -55 in breadth.
4. Dauuria, 19th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Dauuria. Crowley Bequest.
2. Darasun, Dauuria, June (Dybowski: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus PYRRHULORHYNCHA, Giglioli.
Pyrrhulorhyncha pyrrhuloides (Pall.).
Pyrrhulorhyncha pyrrhuloides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 475
(1888) ; id. Hand-l. v. p. 275 (1909).
Schcenicola schceniclus pyrrhuloides, Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 293,
pi. 123. fig. 3 (1904).
Eniberiza pyrrhuloides, Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 372 (1902) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 116, pi. 15. fig. 3 (1906).
Emberiza pyrrhuloides pyrrhuloides, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 198 (1904).
Eggs of the Thick-billed Reed-Bunting are of a broad pointed
oval shape and distinctly glossy. They closely resemble those of
Emberiza schceniclus, and the ground-colour is purplish- grey, olive-
grey or clay-colour, more or less heavily marked with twisted and
knotted lines and spots of deep chocolate-brown which are often
230
blurred at the edges and shade off into the surrounding ground-colour.
Pale violet-grey underlying markings are usually present. They
measure from 78 to '83 in length, and from -58 to -6 in breadth.
4. S.E. Europe. Crowley Bequest.
5. Orenburg, E. Russia, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Orenburg, 25th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
2. Astrakhan, 28th April. Crowley Bequest.
Genus EMBERIZA, Briss.
Emberiza schceniclus, Linn.
Emberiza schceniclus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 3G9, tab. xxxiii.
fig. 9, a-c ^1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eygs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 187,
pi. xlvii. fig. i (1856) ; Seebohm $ Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 117 ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 241 (1878) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 339 ;
id., Brit. Birds, ii. p. 135, pi. 15 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xii. p. 480 (1888) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 248, pi. 57.
figs. 13 & 14 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 370 (1902) ;
Jourd. Eggs Eur op. Birds, p. 113, pi. 14. figs. 2-6 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 276 (1909).
Schoenicolaarundinacea,,&rte<M:er. Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Schcenicola schoeniclus, Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 292, pi. 38.
figs. 2-6 (1900).
Emberiza schceniclus schoeniclus, Hartert. Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 191
(1904).
Eggs of the Reed-Bunting are of a broad, pointed oval form and
have a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-colour varies from
olive-grey to a purplish- clay-colour, and is spotted and more or
less covered with a tracery of coarse twisted and knotted lines of a
dark purplish-brown colour, almost black at times. These spots and
lines are frequently blurred at the edges and run into the surrounding,
ground-colour, and are coarser and more numerous at the larger end
of the egg than elsewhere. The underlying markings consist of
smaller spots and finer lines of violet-grey. As a rule there is a
great uniformity among the eggs of this Bunting, but in one clutch
from Tilford, the ground-colour of three of the eggs is pale
greenish-blue, while in a fourth it is nearly pure white. The
markings consist of spots and blotches of pale violet-grey and
brownish-grey, and on three of the eggs there is an irregular black
hairline across the broad end, where the markings are most numerous.
They measure from *7 to *85 in length, and from *54 to *6 in
breadth.
5. Carlisle, Cumberland, 10th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
5. Carlisle, June. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I.
5. Near Climy, Ross-shire, 30th May Seebohm Coll.
(Hargitt Coll.}.
EMBERIZA.
5. Corbie Loch, Aberdeensliire,
14th May.
5. Crieft, Perthshire, June.
2. England.
5. England, 14th June (Hargitt Coll.}.
lo. Cheshire (F. Nicholson: Hargitt
Coll.}.
3. Little Eaton, Derbyshire, 9th May
(H. Seebohm}.
5. Cambridgeshire.
5. Cambridgeshire.
4. Cambridgeshire.
2. Cambridgeshire.
5 . Cambridge, 16th May ( 0. Salniri) .
3. Haddenham, Bucks,' 23rd May.
5. Haddenham.
2. Tilford, Surrey.
4. Tilford.
6. Queen wood (P. Crowley}.
,'i. Kent.
5. Opwey, nr. Weymouth, Dorset,
29th May (S. H. Wallis}.
5. Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th
May (H. S.}.
6. Valkenswaard, 16th May (H. S.).
5. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.}.
6. Valkenswaard, 21st May (JET. &).
5. Varanger Fjord, Norway (Nordvi).
(5. Trondhjem, Norway, 30th June.
1. Mukka-uoma, Lapland (J. Wolley:
Tristram Coll. . .
5. Pomerania (T. Holland}.
5. Brunswick (A. Nehrkorri).
4. Brandenburg, 2nd June.
6. Petchora River, Lat. 67£° N.,
19th June (H. Seebohm fy
J. A. Harvie- Brown}.
6. Petchora River, Lat. 68° N.,
23rd June (H. S. $
J. A. H.-B.\
4. Yenesei River, Lat. 70£° N.,
2nd July (U.S.).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.j.
W. K. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq.
[P.].
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.]
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Montagu Coll.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.J.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
2. Staines, Middlesex, 3rd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Offenbach, Germany, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
232
Emberiza pallasi (Cab.).
Emberiza passerina, Sharpe (nee PalL), Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 485
(1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. Ill (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 371 (1902).
Emberiza pallasi, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 194 (1904) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 277 (1909).
Eggs of Pallas's Bunting are similar to those of E. schcenidus.
They measure from -7 to -75 in length, and from '55 to '57 in
breadth.
5. Irkutsk, E. Siberia, 3rd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Amur River (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Emberiza pusilla, Pall.
Flmberiza pusilla, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 173 (1875) ; Seebohm
$ Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1876, p. 116; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 235
(1877) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 337 ; id., Brit. Birds, ii. p. 144,
pi. 15 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 487 (1888) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 255 (1890) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siler.
Orient, p. 594 (1891) ; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 2oO, pi. 57.
n>s. 15 & 16 (1896) ; Popham, Ibis, 1897, p. 96 ; 1898, p. 503 ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 112 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 363
(1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 188 (1904) ; Jaurd. Eggs
Europ. Birds, p. 112, pi. 15. fig. 6 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 277
(1909).
Schcenicola pusilla, Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 294, pi. 123. fig. 6
(1904).
The eggs of the Little Bunting are of abroad oval form, somewhat
sharply pointed and slightly glossy. The ground-colour is variable.
In some eggs it is lavender-grey ; in others pale ashy-blue or pale
green, and in others again pale pinkish-buff. The markings are
more uniform, consisting of spots, streaks and twisted lines of rich
purplish-brown or reddish-brown, so intense at times as to appear
almost black. These surface-markings are more or less blurred at
the edges and blend with the surrounding ground-colour. The
underlying shell-markings consist of blotches and clouds of laverider-
or lilac-grey. Numerous eggs measure from '65 to *79 in length,
and from '52 to *6 in breadth.
2. East Finmark, 22nd June (Nordvi). Seebohm Coll.
2. Archangel, N. Russia, 22nd June. Crowley Bequest.
5. Pinega, Archangel, 27th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Petehora River, Lat. 68C N., 23rd Seebolim Coll.
June (H. Seebohm fy J. A. Har-
vie-Brown) .
6. Yenesei River, Lat. 67° N., 6th Seebohm Coll.
June (H. S.).
5. Yenesei River, Lat. G6£°N., 23rd Seebohm Coll.
June (//. S.)
EMDER1ZA. 233
3. Yenesei llivcr, Lat. (iG-*°N., 27th Seebohm Coll.
June (//. S.).
3. Yenesei River, Lat. 67° N., 30th Seebohm Coll.
June (H. S.).
1. Amur River (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Emberiza rustica, Pall.
Hypocentor rusticus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 12. fig. 13 ; tab. 76.
fig. 10(1855-63).
Einberi/a rustica, Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 157, pi. (1875) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 229 (1877) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii.
p. 140, pi. 15 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cut. Birds B. M. xii. p. 490 (1888) ;
Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 572 (1891) ; Seebohm, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 249, pi. 68. fig. 5 (1896) ;' Newton, P. Z. S. 1897,
p. 893, pi. li. rigs. 8 & 9 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 112 (1899) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 362 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal.
Faun, pt, ii. p. 188 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. Ill, pi. 14.
rig. 7 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 277 (1909).
Euspiza rustica, Reij, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 297, pi. 38. fig. 7 (1900).
Eggs of the Rustic Bunting are of a blunt oval shape and
moderately glossy. Two eggs have the ground-colour pale greyish-
green, mottled all over with two shades of greenish-brown and a
black hair-line across the larger end. Under these markings, which
are very thickly disposed over the shell, may be detected traces of
underlying greyish spots. Eight eggs have the ground-colour pale
blue or greenish-blue, spotted and blotched, especially towards the
larger end, with olive-brown and lavender-grey, the latter colour
forming a more or less distinct zone round the broad end. They
measure from -78 to -81 in length, and from '55 to -61 in breadth.*
2. Archangel, N. Russia, 16th June. Seebohm Coll.
4. Archangel, 3rd June. Crowley Bequest.
4. Pinega, Archangel, 20th June. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
Emberiza fucata, Pall.
(Plate XI. figs. 1-4.)
Emberiza fucata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 493 (1888) ; Tacz.
Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 577 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 112 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 360 (1902) ; La
Touche,Ibis, 1906, p. 631 ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 277 (1909).
Emberiza fucata fucata, Hfotert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 187 (1904).
Eggs of the Grey-hcad|ed Bunting vary from a broad oval to a
* Baedeker's figures of the efcgs of this Bunting are good, but Bree's repro-
duction of one of them is altogether wrong and unrecognizable. Mr. Dresser's
description of the eggs in the ]Birds of Europe ' applies to those of some other
species of Bunting, and he y-as evidently misled by his correspondent. He
subsequently obtained genuini eggs. (Cf. Newton, I. c.)
234 FRINGILLIDJ5.
nearly circular form and are distinctly glossy. The ground-colour
is white or yellowish -white and the markings are of two types.
In five clutches the entire surface of the shell is more or less
thickly and finely mottled all over with dull reddish-brown or
purplish-brown and underlying violet-grey. In two other clutches
the markings take the form of distinct spots and small blotches of
reddish-brown and pale lilac, and one has additional fine irregular
lines and spots of burnt-sienna. They measure from '72 to -82
in length, and from '58 to *65 in breadth. The roundest egg
measures '75 by '65.
1. Amur River, E. Siberia (Dy- Crowley Bequest.
bowski : Tristram Coll.}.
1. Amur River (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
5. Chin-kiang, China, 28th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.I
4. Chin-kiang, 28th June. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.].
4. Chin-kiang, 2nd July. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.J.
5. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 1st W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
July. p?.].
5. Fujiyama, 29th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Emberiza arcuata, Sharpe.
(Plate XI. fig. 5.)
Emberiza arcuata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 494 (1888) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 361 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 278
(1909).
Emberiza fucata, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 252 (1890) ; id.,
ed. Hume, Nests £ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 166 (1890).
Emberiza fucata arcuata, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 187 (1904).
Two eggs of the Himalayan Grey-headed Bunting taken at Simla
are of a regular oval or pointed oval shape and moderately glossy.
They are pale greenish-grey, densely speckled and mottled all over
with very pale umber-brown and underlying grey. The markings
are more dense at the large end than elsewhere and form an ill-defined
cap. They measure respectively : *85 by '57 ; '79 by -56.
2. Simla, Himalaya, June. Hume Coll.
Emberiza elegans, Temm.
Emberiza elegans, Radde, Reis. Siberia, ii, p. 165, pi. v. (1863); Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 497 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 122
(1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 355 (1902); Hartert,
Vog. Pal Faun. pt. ii. p. 174 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 278
(1909).
Two eggs of the Yellow -throated Bunting are of a rather broad
and somewhat pointed oval shape and very glossy. The ground-
colour is whitish faintly clouded with lilac-grey, and somewhat
235
sparingly marked with small spots and a few irregular lines of deep
chocolate-brown. They measure respectively "73 by 59 and '79
by -6.
2. Amur River (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
N
Emberiza chrysophrys, Pall.
(Plate XI. figs. 6 & 7.)
Emberiza chrysophrys, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 498 (1888) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 356 (1902) ; Hartert, Voy. Pal.
Faun. pt. ii. p. 189 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 113 (1906 ) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 278 (1909).
Three out of the four eggs of the Yellow-browed Bunting in the
Collection are very similar to the eggs in the last-mentioned clutch
of E. fucata, described above. They are of a very broad oval shape
and distinctly glossy. The ground-colour is white, clouded with pale
lilac-grey, and smudged with pale umber-brown and with irregular
lines, dashes, and spots of dark umber-brown. In the fourth egg
(rig. 6) the whole surface is heavily clouded with pale umber-brown,
the lilac-grey markings being hardly apparent, though the dark
markings are similar to those in the other three eggs of the clutch.
They measure from '68 to *73 in length, and from '57 to '58 in
breadth.
4. Sidemi, E. Siberia, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Emberiza flaviventris (Stepli.) .
Emberiza flaviventris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 499 (1888);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 112 (1899) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds,
i. p. 184 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 143 (1902); Reichenow,
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 284 (1904) ; Haagner $ Ivy, Journ. S. African Orn.
Union (2) i. no. 1, pi. iii. tig. 3 (1907); Sharpe. Hand-l. v. p. 278
(1909).
An egg of the Golden -breasted Bunting is of a rather broad and
poinied oval form and very glossy. It is very pale bluish-white,
wreathed round the larger end with a tracery of fine irregular
lines and markings of dark chocolate-brown and lilac-grey. It
measures '79 by *59.
Stark describes the eggs of this species as being " white thickly
marked all over with scrawls and hair-like zigzag lines of very
dark purplish-brown or black."
1. Grahainstown, South Africa. A. Haagner & R. H. Ivy, Esqs.
[P.].
236
FRINGILLID^E.
Emberiza melanocephala, Scop.
Emberiza melanocephala, TJiien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 360, tab. xxxiii.
fig. 3, a-c (1845-54) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 151 (1872) ; Bree,
Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 133, pi. (1875); beebokm, Brit. Birds,
ii. p. 165, pi. 15 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 503 (1888) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 261 (1890) ; Seebohm, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, p. 254, pi. 58. figs. 6 & 7 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal
Birds, pt. i. p. 346 (1902) ; Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 170
(1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Euro/). Birds, p. 101, pi. 14. figs. 12-15 (1906) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 279 (1909).
Euspiza melanocephala, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 9 (1855-63) ;
Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 298, pi. 38. figs. 12-16 (1900).
Tbe eggs of the Black-headed Bunting vary in shape from a broad
to an excessively long narrow oval and are moderately glossy.
They are very pale greenish-blue, varying somewhat in shade,
speckled and spotted all over with dull reddish-brown and under-
lying lavender-grey, the markings being more dense at the larger
end. On some eggs the spots are large and might almost be termed
blotches ; on others they are all fine ; while sometimes both large
and small markings are combined on the same specimen. The eggs
vary greatly in size, measuring from -82 to 1'03 in length, and
from *6 to '7 in breadth.
4. Montenegro, 15th June.
1. Dalmatia.
5. Greece ( T. Kriiper').
4. Greece (T. K.).
4. Missolong-hi, Greece, 3rd June
( W. H. Simpson : Tristram
Coll.).
1. Attica, Greece, 20th May (T. K.).
2. Attica, 27th May (T. K.).
1 . Attica, 1st June" (T. K.}.
4. Attica, 1st June (T. K.}.
4. Attica, 4th June.
8.
4.
4.
Skopelos I.
Skopelos I.
Parnassus,
, Greece, 1st June.
, 1st June.
Greece, May (H. See-
bohm).
3.
Parnassus,
17th May
(H.
S.).
6.
Parnassus,
18th Mav
(H.
S.).
4.
Parnassus,
19th May
(H.
S.).
6.
Parnassus,
19th May
(H.
S.).
7.
Parnassus,
21st May
(H.
S.).
8.
Parnassus,
21st May
(H.
Sr).
8.
Parnassus,
21st May
(H.
S.).
6.
Parnassus,
21st May
(H.
S.).
2.
Parnassus,
21st May
(H.
S.).
8.
Parnassus,
21st May
(H.
S.).
W. RadcliiFe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Dr. Thienemann.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll,
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
ESIUERI7A. 237
3. rarnassus, 21st May (//. $.). Seebohm Coll.
('). rarnassus, 21st May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Asia Minor, 4th June. Seebohm Coll.
4. Asia Minor, 4th June. Seebohm Coll.
5. Smyrna, Kith May (T. Kriiper). Seebohm Coll.
3. Smyrna, 17th May (T. K.}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Smyrna, 18th May (T. K.}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Smyrna, 26th May (ZV -ST.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Smyrna, 1st June (T. K.}, Seebohm Coll.
1 . Smyrna, 2nd June ( T. K.}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Baluchistan. 3rd Mav. W. Radcliffe Saunders, ESQ.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
3. South Russia, 30th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Emberiza luteola, Sparrm.
Emberiza luteola, Scully, Stray Feath. iv. p. 167 (1876) j Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 506 (1888) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 262 (1888); Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 211 (1895);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersammt. p. 112 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 347 (1902) ; id., Ibis, 1904, p. 109, pi. iii. figs. 7-9 ; Hartert,
Voq. Pal Faun. pt. ii. p. 171 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds,
p. 102, pi. 14. figs. 10, 11 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 279 (1909).
Euspiza luteola, Wardlaw-Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 66; Hey. Eier Voq.
Mitteleurop. p. 299, pi. 38. figs. 10, 11 (1900).
Eggs of the Red-headed Bunting closely resemble those of
E. melanocephala. They are of a broad oval shape and have a con-
siderable amount of gloss. The ground-colour is very faint bluish-
white, minutely speckled or spotted all over with umber-brown and
underlying lilac-grey, the markings in some specimens forming an
irregular wreath round the broad end. They measure from -78 to
•90 in length, and from -57 to '63 in breadth.
2. Askabad, 25th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Afghanistan, 19th June (#. G. Seebohm Coll.
Wardlaw-Ramsay) .
3. Issvk-kul. Turkestan, 17th May. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Saisan-nor, Turkestan, 1st May. Crowley Bequest.
2. Saisan-nor, 8th June. Crowley Bequest.
Emberiza aureola, Pall.
Hypocentor aureola, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vb'g. tab. 12. fig. 11 (1855-63).
Euspiza aureola, Baedeker, J. f. O. 1856, p. 33, tab. ii. fig. 15 ; Tacz.
Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 603 (1891) ; Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop.
p. 296, pi. 38. figs. 8, 9 (1900).
Emberiza aureola, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 223 (1871) ; Bree, Birds
Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 164, pi. (1875) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii.
p. 509 (1888) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 259 (1890) ;
Mirk. Kat. EiersammL p. 112 (1899); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
238
pt. i. p. 349 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal Faun. pt. ii. p. 173 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 103, pi. 14. figs. 8, 9 (1906) j Sharpe,
Hand-l. V. p. 279 (1909).
The eggs of the Yellow-breasted Bunting are mostly of a broad
oval form and have a considerable amount of gloss. They are very
variable. Some are quite inseparable from eggs of E. schcenidus.
Others are greyish-green, blotched and smeared with two shades of
olive-brown, and some underlying lavender- grey, and with some
spots and short lines of deep brown or black. Others again are
purplish-grey marked with spots, specks, and lines of deep purplish-
brown and clouds and smears of lilac-grey. They measure from '72
to -85 in length, and from '58 to -62 in breadth.
3. Archangel, Russia (Nordvt). Seebohm Coll.
1. South Russia (Tristram Coll.).- Orowley Bequest.
5. Moscow, 9th June (Lorenz). Seebohm Coll.
2. Darasun, Dauria, S. Siberia Seebohm Coll.
(Dybowski).
2. Darasun (Dybowski). Seebohm Coll.
3. Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, 9th June Seebohm Coll.
(Kibort).
5. Krasnoyarsk, 9th June (Kibort). Seebohm Coll.
4. Krasnoyarsk, 24th June (Kibort). Seebohm Coll.
4. Krasnoyarsk, 8th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Krasnoyarsk, 8th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
6. Krasnoyarsk, 13th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Altai Mountains (Tancre). Seebohm Coll.
2. East Siberia (Dybowski : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
5. Saporo, Yezo, Japan, 15th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Emberiza citrinella, Linn.
Emberiza citrinelia, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 363, tab. xxxiii.
fig. 4, a-d (1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 8
(1855-63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 188, pi. xlvii. fig. ii
(1856) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 171 (1871) [part.]; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, ii. p. 160, pi. 13 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds, B. M. xii. p. 515
fif
Europ. Birds, p. 98, pi. 13. figs. 6-11 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 279 (1909).
Emberiza citrinella citrinella, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 167
(1904).
The eggs of the Yellow Bunting or Yellow Ammer are of a
broad oval form and are frequently highly glossy. The ground-
colour varies from purplish-white to pale pinkish-buff. The
markings consist chiefly of spots and an intricate network of lines
of a deep purplish-brown or black. The spots are generally small
EMBERIZA.
239
and few in number ; the lines vary in thickness from that of the
finest hair to that of an ordinary pin and are distributed in a very
irregular manner over the whole shell, but they are more numerous
and more tangled at the broad end of the egg than elsewhere. The
shell-markings, which are sometimes very prominent, are pearly-
grey in colour and in some specimens consist of clouds and smears,
causing a marbled appearance, and in others of specks and fine lines
only. The eggs measure from -8 to '95 in length, and from '6 to
•68 in breadth.
Some curious abnormally shaped eggs of this species were
received in the Crowley Bequest.
3. Lochend, Inverness-shire (Haryitt
Coll.).
3. Lochend (Haryttt Coll.}.
4. Lochend (Haryitt Coll.).
5. England.
5. Burgh-by-Sands, Carlisle, Cum-
berland, 1st June.
5. Stanwix, Carlisle, 6th June (T.
Peal).
4. Keswick, Cumberland.
5. Scarborough, Yorkshire, May.
6. Scarborough, 26th June.
5. Sparham, Norfolk, 20th May (F.
Noryate).
3. Sparham, June (F. N.).
4. Cambridgeshire.
6. Cambridgeshire.
5. Gog Magog Hills, Cambridge,
23rd May.
5. Tilford, Surrey.
4. Tilford.
2. Churt, Surrey.
1. Churt.
7. Epping Forest, Essex.
3. Bentley, Hampshire, 26th April
(Rargitt Coll.).
3. Little Haveu Wood, Pembroke,
27th April. -
4. Dingdong, Penzance, 1st June.
5. Two mile Copse, nr. Weymouth,
Dorset, 7th June (R. Wallis).
4. Valkenswaard, Holland, 14th May
(H. Seebohm).
6. Valkenswaard, 14th May (H. S.).
5. Valkenswaard, 16th May (H. S.).
3. Valkenswaard, 16th May (H. &).
5. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.).
4. Valkeuswaard, 25th May (H S.).
3. Valkenswaard, 29th May (H. S.).
3. Valkenswaard, 29th May (//. &).
4. Pomeiania (7'. Holland).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Old Collection.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P-].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Cull.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
240 FRINGILLID^K.
r>. Pomerania, 4tli May (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Pomerania, 10th May (T. H.). ' Seebohm Coll.
o. Pomerania, llth June (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Pomerania, 25th June (T. H.}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Spandau, Berlin, Germany, 5th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
0. SzigetcsSp, Hungary, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
L *_]•
5. Szigetcse"p, llth June. W". Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Szigetcse*p, 12th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
3. Faversham, Kent, 1st July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
[P.J.
3. Tollar, Dorset, 4th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Neudorf, Moravia, 2nd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Eeq.
1. Padochan, Moravia, 19th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
[P.].
3. Oslawan, Moravia, 19th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(F. A. Cerwa). [P.J
4. Oslawan, 27th May (F. A. <?.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Oslawan, June (F. A. <?.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Oslawan, 9th June (F. A. <?.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J
2. Oslawan, 13th June (F. A. C). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Emberiza sulphurata, Temm. fy ScJil.
(Plate XI. fig. 8.)
Emberiza sulphurata, Blakist. fy Pryer, Birds Japan, p. 171 (1882) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 519 (1888) ; Seebohm, Birds
Japan. Emp. p. 135 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 112 (1899) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 351 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal
Faun. pt. ii. p. 178 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 280 (1909).
The eggs of Siebold's Bunting are of an ordinary oval shape and
more or less glossy. They are of a pale brownish- white colour,
smeared and mottled with iavender-grey and pale brown, and also
marked with spots, streaks, and short twisted lines of chocolate-
brown, the edges of which more or less blend with the surrounding
colours. Specimens measure from '72 to '78 in length, and from
•55 to -6 in breadth.
3. Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
3. Ja^an (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 6th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
EMBERIZA. 241
Emberiza personata, Temm.
(Plate XI. figs. 0-11.)
Emberiza persouata, Blaklst. 8f Pri/er, Birds Japan, p. 170 (1882) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 521 (1888) ; Seebohm, Birds Japan.
Emp. p. 136 (1890) ; Tacz. Faum Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 567 (1891) ;
Xchrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 112 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 350 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 280 (1909).
Emberiza spodocephala personata, Hartert^ Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 177
(1904).
Three eggs procured by Pryer and said to be those of Temminck's
Japanese Bunting are of the same type as those of E. sulpliurata
and may be of that species. They differ in having the ground-
colour greyish-white and the surface-markings larger, better defined,
and of a darker chocolate-brown. The shell-markings also cover
less of the ground-colour. Five other clutches are of a very different
type, the ground-colour is pale greenish-white more or less heavily
blotched all over with maroon-brown, purplish-brown, and purplish-
grey, with irregular lines, spots, and even blotches of deep purplish-
brown scattered over the shell. They measure from *74 to -8 in
length, and from '57 to -62 in breadth.
5. Japan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
6. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 2nd June. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
2. Fujiyama, 8th June. W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Fujiyama, 17th June. H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
3. Gotemba, Hondo, 24th May. W. Rndcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Emberiza spodocephala, Pall.
Emberiza spodocephala, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 522 (1888) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 350 (1902) ; id. Ibis, 1904, p. 109, pi. iii. figs. 10 & 12 ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 280 (1909).
Emberiza spodocephala spodocephala, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 176 (1904).
Eggs of the Black-faced Bunting are of a broad, rather pointed
oval shape and more or less glossy. The ground-colour varies from
pale greenish-white to pinkish- white. The markings vary greatly.
Some eggs are like those of E. personata, heavily blotched and
spotted all over with maroon-brown, purple-brown, or umber-brown
and purple-grey, and have often irregular darker markings scattered
over the shell. Other eggs are clouded and mottled over the entire
shell with umber-brown or dull maroon. Two eggs from Sidemi,
received in the Crowley Bequest under the name of E. sulphurata,
are of quite a different type and in colour and markings resemble
eggs of E. chrysophrys, described from the same locality. They are,
however, of a much narrower and more pointed oval shape. Possibly
VOL. v. R
242
FRINGILLIDJ2.
these two eggs are wrongly identified and should be referred to the
latter species. The eggs measure from '7 to *8 in length, and from
•55 to -62 in breadth.
4. Darasun, Dauria (Dybowski).
4. Darasun, June (Dybowski: Tristram
Coll.}.
2. Amur (Nehrkorn Coll.}.
6. Amur, 25th May.
2. Sidemi, 26th May.
2. Sidemi, 26th May.
H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Emberiza cirlus, Linn.
Emberiza cirlus, Thien. Fortyrftanz. ges. Vog. p. 365, tab. xxxiii. fig. 5, a-c
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 7 (1855-63);
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 190, pi. xlviii. fig. ii (1856);
Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 314; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 177 (1871);
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 217 ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 156, pi. 13
(1884); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 525 (1888); Seebohm,
Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 252, pi. 58. figs. 1 & 2 (1896) ; Rey, Eier
Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 287, pi. 37. figs. 12-15 (1900); Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 354 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 175 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 104, pi. 13. figs. 12-15
(1906); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 280 (1909).
Eggs of the €irl Bunting are of the same type as those of
E. citrindla. They differ generally in having the ground-colour
much paler and often tinged with green and the lines much coarser.
They measure from '77 -to *9 in lengtb, and from -6 to '7 in
breadth.
6. Cambridgeshire.
4. Falmer, Sussex, 5th May.
4. Falmer, 6th May.
6. Falmer, 18th May.
3. Falmer, 2nd June.
1 . Hampstead Heath, Middlesex.
5. Hampshire.
5. Alton, Hants, May (E. Andrews}.
5. Alton, June (E. A.}.
4. Alton, June (E. A.).
4. Isle of Wight.
4. Freshwater, Isle of Wight, June.
5. N. Devonshire, 30th April (W.
R. &).
4. N. Devonshire, 2nd June ( W.
R &).
4. N. Devonshire, 4th June {W.
R. S.).
5. Torquay, Devonshire, May (Tris-
tram Coll.).
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq..
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Crowley Bequest.
I-MISKKIZA.
243
4. Klbeuf, France, April (Noury;
Hargitt Coll.).
3. Elbeuf, June (Noury: Hargitt
Coll}.
3. Elbeuf (Noury: Hargitt Coll.}.
3. Elbeuf (Noury: Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Malaga, Spain, 28th May (H.
Sounders),
4. Malaga, 28th May (H. S. : Har-
gitt Coll.}.
4. Malaga, 5th June (H. S. : Har-
gitt Coll.}.
3. Malaga, 15th June (H. S.}.
3. Malaga, 18th June (H. S.).
4. Bilek, Herzegovina, April.
5. Parnassus, Greece, 18th May (H.
Seebohm fy T. Krilper}.
3. Parnassus, 18th May (H. S. $
T. K.).
5. Parnassus, 19th May (H. S. 8f
T. K.}.
5. Parnassus, 2nd June (H. S. #
T.K.).
3. Smyrna, 5th June (T. J&uptr),
2. Algeria.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Col).
Seebohra Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Emberiza hortulana, Linn.
Emberiza hortulana, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 267, tab. xxxiii.
fig. 7, a-d (1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 5 (1855-
63) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 191, pi. xlviii. fig. i (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 185 (1871) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii.
p. 153, pi. 15 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 530 (1888) ;
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 251, pi. 57. figs. 18 & 19 (1896) ;
Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 288, pi. 37. figs. 16-20 (1900) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 356 (1902) j Hartert, Vog. Pal.
Faun. pt. ii. p. 180 (1904) : Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 106, pi. 13
figs. 16-20 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 281 (1909).
Eggs of the Ortolan Bunting are of an extremely broad oval form
and highly glossy. They are greenish- white in some cases, greyish-
pink in others, spotted, streaked, and blotched with rich purplish-
or chocolate-brown. A few specimens are beautifully marked with
a delicate tracery of fine lines round the broad end, forming a
wreath or zone, but the majority are marked with spots and short
streaks only. The underlying markings are purplish-grey, but they
are faint and indistinct. The eggs measure from '71 to '8 in
length, and from -57 to -67 in breadth.
5. Holland (J. Baker: Tristram Coll}.
5. Holland, 30th May.
5. Holland, 2nd June.
5. Valkenswaard, Holland (J. Baker}.
4. Valkenswaard.
5. Valkenswaard.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
244
5. Valkenswaard.
5. Norway, 6th June (R. Colktt).
5. Sweden, May.
6. Sweden, 24th May (H. W. Wheel-
wright}.
5. Gaerdsjo, Sweden, 12th May (//.
W. W.}.
4. Gardsjo, 9th May (H. W. W.\
5. Denmark (Benzori).
2. Pomerania (T. Holland}.
4. Mark Brandenburg, Germany,
15th May.
1. Lake of Geneva (Tristram Coll.}.
5. Mostar, Herzegovina, 14th May
(O. Reiser).
5. Parnassus, Greece, 14th May (H.
Seebohm # T. Kriiper}.
4. Parnassus, 19th May (H. S. $
T. K.).
4. Parnassus, 23rd May (If. S. $
T. K.).
4. Smyrna, 15th May (T. Kriiper}.
4. Orenburg, East Russia, 12th June.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P."].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Emberiza buchanani, Blyih.
(Plate XI. figs. 12 & 13.)
Emberiza buchanani, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 533 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1«99) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii.
p. 182 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 107 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-L v. p. 281 (1909).
Emberiza huttoni, Blyth ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 357 (1902).
Eggs of the Grey-necked Bunting resemble those of E. hortulana.
They measure '75 to *8 in length and "58 to '62 in breadth. An
exceptionally large egg in the clutch from Altai measures '88
by -62.
3. Astrabad, N. Persia, 8th May.
3. Astrabad, 9th May.
4. Saisan-nor, 1st May (Nehrkorn
Coll.}.
4. Altai.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Emberiza csesia, Cretzschm.
Emberiza caesia, Tristram, Ibis, 1867, p. 367; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv.
p. 213 (1871); Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 149, pi. (1875);
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 535 (1888) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mittel-
europ. p. 290, pi. 37. figs. 21,. 22 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
EMBERIZA. 245
pt. i. p. 358 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 182 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 108, pi. 13. figs. 21,22 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 281 (1909).
Eggs of Cretzschmar's Bunting vary from a rather broad to a
very broad oval form, and have a moderate amount of gloss.
The ground-colour is greyish-white, with sometimes a tinge of
pink or brownish-pink, marked all over with spots, scratches, and
small blotches of deep chocolate-brown and some faint grey under-
lying smears. They measure from '69 to -8 in length, and from
•55 to -62 in breadth.
2. Parnassus, Greece, 6th May (H. Seebohin Coll.
Seebohm fy T. Kriiper).
3. Parnassus, 7th May (H. S. 8f Seebohm Coll.
T. K.).
3. Parnassus, 20th April (T. K.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Athens, Greece. W. nadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Kedesh Napthali, Palestine, llth Crowley Bequest.
May (H. B. Tristram).
2. Mount Carmel, Palestine, 22nd Crowley Bequest.
April (//. B. T.).
3. Safed, Palestine, 19th May (H. Crowley Bequest.
B. T.).
Emberiza stewarti, Blyih.
Emberiza stewarti, Wardlaw-Ramsay, Ibis, 1880, p. 64 ; Sharps, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 547 (1888) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii.
p. 256 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 167
(1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal.
Birds, pt. i. p. 367 (1902) ; id., Ibis, 1904, p. 110, pi. iii. fig. 14;
Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 179 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 281 (1909).
The eggs of the White-capped Bunting are of a regular oval
form and moderately glossy. The ground-colour is white, tinged
with blue or grey, and thickly mottled with purplish-grey, over
which are scattered many spots and blotches of very deep reddish-
or purplish-brown. Both the grey underlying and the brown
surface-markings are very evenly spread over the entire shell, and
there is no tendency whatever to the formation of a cap at the
broad end. Specimens measure from '7 to '8 in length, and from
•57 to '61 in breadth.
4. Afghanistan, 28th May (R. G. Seebohm Coll.
Wardlaw-Ramsay) .
4. Afghanistan, 28th May (R. O. Seebohin Coll.
W.-R.).
1. Kashmir, 18th June (C. R. Cock). Hume Coll.
1. Kashmir, 4th July (C. R. C.). Hume Coll.
246 FRINGILLID^.
Emberiza cia, Linn.
Etcberiza cia, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 366, tab. xxxiii. fia1. 6, a, b
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 6 (1855-63);
Tristram, Ibis. 1867, pp. 88, 368 ; Sounders, Ibis, 1871, p. 217 ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 205 (1872) ; Eree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii.
p. 152, pi. (1875) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 537 (1888) ;
Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 283, pi. 37. figs. 23-26 (1900) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 368 (1902) ; Whitaker, Birds
Tunis, i. p. 238 (1905) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 109, pi. 13.
figs. 23-26 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 281 (1909).
Emberiza cia cia, Ilartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 183, fig. 36 (1904).
The eggs of the Meadow-Bunting and its allies are somewhat of
the same type as the eggs of E. citrinella and E. cirlus, but may be
separated from them and, indeed, from the eggs of all the other
Buntings in the Collection by reason of the delicate and intricate
tracery of fine lines, which constitute the markings. The ground-
colour is bluish-white, purplish-white, or very pale stone-colour,
and is covered, more thickly on the broader half of the egg than
elsewhere, with a multitude of hair-like lines of deep purplish-
brown which wind round the egg several times without a break and
generally form a tangled cap or zone. There are but few spots or
blotches. The underlying markings consist of smears and veins
of purplish-grey.
The eggs of the Meadow-Bunting measure from *8 to '92 in
length, and from -6 to -65 in breadth.
4. Hammerstein, River Rhine, 22nd Salvin-Godman Coll.
April.
3. Vosges, France (Mougel). Seebohm Coll.
1. Vosges (Mougel). Seebohm Coll.
3. Vosges (Mougel}. Seebohm Coll.
3. Vosges, 5th April (Mougel). Seebohm Coll.
5. Malaga, Spain, 16th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
HP.].
1. Malaga (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
3. Malaga (H. &). Seebohm Coll.
5. Malaga (H. &). Seebohm Coll.
4. Andalucia, Spain. 20th April. W. .Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Parnassus, Greece, 22nd May Seebohm Coll.
(T. Kruper).
5. Parnassus, 24th May (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Parnassus, 1st June (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Parnassus, 6th July. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Afka Pass, Lebanon, Palestine, Crowley Bequest.
16th June (//. B. Tristram).
3. Afka Pass, ]6th June (H. B. T.). Crowley Bequest.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
4, Germany (E. Rey Coll.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
fP.].
EMBERIZA. 247
Ember iza stracheyi, Moore.
Emberiza stracheji, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 539 (1888) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 257 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $
Eggs Ind, Birds, ii. p. 168 (1890) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 368 (1902) ; id., Ibis, 1904, p. 110, pi. iii. figs. 13 & 15 ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 282 (1909).
Emberiza cia stracheyi, Hartert, Vb'g. Pal Faun. pt. ii. p. 184 (1904).
The eggs of the Indian Meadow-Bunting are inseparable from
those of E. cia.
1 . Cashmere, 6th J une ( W. E. Brooks Cro wley Bequest.
# C. R. Cock : Tristram Coll.).
I. Gooud, Cashmere, 24th May ( W. Crowley Bequest.
E. B. Sf C. R. C.: Tristram
Coll.).
3. Simla, N.W. Himalaya, May. Hume Coll.
7. Simla, June. Hume Coll.
4. Koomarsain, N.W. Himalaya, Hume Coll.
29th May.
1. Kotgarh, N.W. Himalaya, 27th Hume Coll.
March.
3. Kotgarh, 28th April. Hume Coll.
4. Kotgarh, 30th April. Hume Coll.
4. Kotgarh, 30th April. Hume Coll.
II. Kotgarh, May. Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 13th May. Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 14th May. Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 21st May. Hume Coll.
3. Kotgarh, 22nd May. Hume Coll.
20. Kotgarh, 22nd June. Hume Coll.
Emberiza godlewskii, Tacz.
Emberiza godlewskii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 542 (1888);
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 369 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 282 (1909).
Emberiza cia godlewski, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 185 (1904).
Eggs of Godlewski's Bunting resemble those of E. cia. They
measure from '82 to -87 in length, and from '62 to '63 in breadth.
4. Moupin, 6th June (F. Krichel- W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
dor/). [P.].
Emberiza cioides, Brandt.
Emberiza cioides, Tacz. J.f. O. 1873, p. 87, tab. ii. figs. 25 & 26 ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds, B. M. xii. p. 542 (1888) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient.
p. 579 (1891) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. ix. (Suppl.) p. 223 (1895)
[part.] ; id., Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 364 (1902) [part.] ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 282 (1909).
Emberiza cioides cioides, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 185
(1904).
The eggs of the Siberian Meadow-Bunting resemble those of
248 FBINGILLIDJE.
E. cia and E. stmcheyi. They measure from '77 to '8 in length,
and from '6 to -65 in breadth.
3. Siberia. May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Krasnoyarsk, 29th June (Kibort). Seebohm Coll.
Ember iza castaneiceps, Moore.
(Plate XI. figs. 14 & 15.)
Emberiza castaneiceps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds, B. M. xii. p. 544 (1888) ;
id., Hand-l. v. p. 282 (1909).
Emberiza cioides, Nehrk. (nee Brandt) Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1899) ;
La Touche, Ibis, 1900, p. 36 ; id., Ibis, 1906, p. 633.
Emberiza cioides castaneiceps, Tacz. Faune Orn. Siber. Orient, p. 586
(1891) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 186 (1904); Jourd. Eggs
Europ. Birds, p. 110 (1906).
Eggs of the Chinese Meadow-Bunting resemble those of E. cia
and the allied forms. The measurements are the same as those
of E. cioides.
2. Amurland (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
5. Amurland, 5th June. Crowley Bequest.
5. Kuatun, Fohkien, China, 24th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
1. Fohkien, 26th June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
5. Chin-kiancr, 3rd May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. f C.I
4. Chin-kiang, 10th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.J.
4. Chin-kiang, 10th May J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.J.
4. Chin-kiang, 12th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.J.
4. Chin-kiang, 2nd May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
2. Chin-kiang, 8th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
Emberiza ciopsis, Bonap.
(Plate XI. figs. 16 <fc 17.)
Emberiza ciopsis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 544 (1888) ; Seelohm,
Birds Japan. Emp. p. 131 (I860) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113
(1899) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 365 (1902) ; Ingram,
Ibis, 1908, p. 154 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 282 (1909).
Emberiza cioides ciopsis, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 186 (1904).
Eggs of the Japanese Meadow-Bunting resemble those of E. cia,
some having the ground-colour bluish-white and others pale stone-
colour. They measure from -75 to '85 in length, and from *6 to
•65 in breadth.
4. Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
3. Japan (H. P.). ' Seebohm Coll.
3. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Japan (//. P.). Seebohm Coll.
EMBERIZA. 249
2. Japan (H. P.}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Japan (H. P.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 30th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Fujiyama, 20th June. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Clutches containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cticulus canorus).
3. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 15th June. W. Badcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Yamanashi, Kai, Hondo, llth June. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
Emberiza jankowskii, Tacz.
i, Tacz. Ibis, 1888, p. 317 ; Har
X)4) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 282
Two eggs of Jankowski's Bunting resemble the paler, white-
[
2. Sidemi, Amur-land, E. Siberia, Crowley Bequest.
Emberiza jankowskii, Tacz. Ibis, 1888, p. 317; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun.
pt. ii. p. 186 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 282 (1909).
'wo eggs of Jankowski's Bunting resemble the pa___,
grounded forms of E. ciopsis. They measure respectively '74 by
•59, and 75 by -59.
1st June.
Emberiza leucocephala, Gmel.
Emberiza leucocephala, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 217 (1871) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 549 (1888) j Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd.,
Birds, ii. p. 254 (1890) ; Tacz. Faune Orn. Sibtr. Orient, p. 590
(1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1899) ; Key, Eier Vog.
Mitteleurop. p. 285, pi. 38. fig. 1 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
pt. i. p. 359 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 169 (1904) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 100, pi. 14. fig. 1 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 283 (1909).
Emberiza pithyornus, Gmel. ; Bree, Birds Eur. 2nd ed. iii. p. 145, pi.
(1875).
The eggs of the Pine-Bunting are of a broad oval form and
moderately glossy. They are pinkish cream-colour, profusely marked
with dots, specks, streaks and fine lines of rich purplish-brown. On
some specimens the lines are short and, as a rule, very fine ; on
others they are long, forming loops and knots and often encircling
the egg. The underlying markings, which are faint and in-
conspicuous, consist of small smears and spots of lilac-grey. The
eggs measure from '78 to '87 in length, and from '6 to '68 in
breadth.
2. East Siberia (Dybowski}. H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
4. Amur-land, 3rd June. W. RadclifEe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
4. Dauuria (Dybowski). Seebohm Coll.
3. Darasun, Dauuria, June (Dybowski: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
250
2. Darasun, 26th May.
3. Lake Baikal, E. Siberia (Dyboivski).
1. Lake Baikal (Dybowski).
4. Krasnoyarsk, 23rd May (Kibort).
2 Altai.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.j.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Crowley Bequest.
Genus MILIARIA, Brehm.
Miliaria miliaria (Linn.).
Einberiza miliaria, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 361, tab. xxxiii. fig. 8,
a-e (1845-54) j Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 186, pi. xlvii.
fig. iii (1856) ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859*, p. 314 ; Dresser, Birds JEur. iv.
p. 163 (1871) ; Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 217 ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds,
ii. p. 148, pi. 13 (1884) ; id.. Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 251, pi. 57.
figs. 17 & 20 (1896) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 343 (1902).
Cyuchramus miliaria, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 3 (1855-63).
Miliaria miliaria, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 552 (1888) ; id.,
Hand-l v. p. 283 (1909).
Emberiza calandra, Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 290, pi. 37. figs. 1-5
(1900) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 96, pi. 13. figs. 1-5 (1906).
Emberiza calandra calandra, Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 165
(1904).
The eggs of the Common or Corn-Bunting vary in shape from a
narrow to a broad oval, and have a considerable amount of gloss.
The ground-colour is sometimes bluish-white, at others creamy, and
very frequently of a pinkish stone-colour. The markings, which
consist of spots, blotches, streaks and lines, both fine and thick, of
very dark purplish-brown or chocolate-brown, are boldly disposed
over the broader half of the egg and sparingly elsewhere. Many
specimens are very profusely marked with blotches and smears
of lilac- and lavender-grey, while others have these underlying
markings almost entirely wanting. The eggs measure from '87
to 1*04 in length, and from '63 to -74 in breadth.
4. Ballynagaul, Ireland, 5th July.
3. England.
4. Sparham, Norfolk, 13th June
(F. Norgate}.
4. Hickling, Norfolk, 18th June
(F. N.).
3. Cambridgeshire.
4. Cambridgeshire.
6. Cambridgeshire.
4. Babraham, Cambridgeshire, 16th
May.
5. Tilford, Surrey.
4. Reigate, Surrey, 4th July.
2. Finchley . Middlesex ( 0. S. ) .
4. Finchley (O.S.).
3. Epping Forest, Essex.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.],
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
MILIARIA.— FRINGILLARIA.
251
o. Bristol (Haryitt Coll.).
3. Devonshire. '
9. Brighton, Sussex.
5. Falmer, Sussex, 24th June.
o. Malaga, Spain, 10th May (A.
Malaga, 7th June (A. It.).
South Spain, llth June (H.
Saunders).
Pomerania, 4th June (T. Holland).
Pomerania, 10th June (T. If.).
Pomerania, 13th June (T. H.).
Halle, Germany, 1st July.
Mark Brandenburg, 1st June.
Mark Brandenburg, 20th June.
Sziget-Csep, Hungary, 4th May.
Monor, Hungary, 29th May.
Podgoritza, Montenegro, May.
Greece (Hargitt Coll.).
Parnassus, Greece, 24th May
(T. Kriiper).
Asia Minor, 6th June ( T. K).
Chemora, Algeria, llth May
(O. Salvin).
Ain I) jeudeli, Algeria, May ( 0. S.).
Ain lijendeli, 12th May (O. S.).
Ain Djendeli, 18th May (H. B.
Tristram).
Madracen, Algeria, 27th May
(H. B. T.).
Seebohm Coll.
Montagu Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
W. Radeliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.]-
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Clutch containing an egg of the Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus).
3. Wantage, Berkshire, 19th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Genus FRINGILLARIA, Swains.
Fringillaria capensis (Linn.).
(Plate XI. figs. 18 & 19.)
Fringillaria capensis, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Africa, p. 489
(1875-84); id., Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 565 (1888); Nehrh.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1899) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i.
p. 187 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iii. p. 156 (1902); Reichenow,
V'6g. Afr. iii. p. 288 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 284 (1909).
Eggs of the Cape Bunting are of a regular oval shape and slightly
252
FK1NGILLIDJB.
glossy. The ground-colour is white or very pale bluish-white,
densely speckled and blotched with pale reddish-brown and
lavender-grey. The markings sometimes coalesce over the broad
end of the egg so as to form a cap. They measure from '75 to *8
in length, and from '58 to '59 in breath.
6. South Africa (E. L. Layard}. Crowley Bequest.
1. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
3. Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 19th Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.J.
Nov. (E. Seimund).
Fringillaria insularis, Grant fy Forbes.
(Plate XI. figs. 20 &21.)
Fringillaria insularis, Grant $ Forbes, Bull. Liverp. Mus. ii. no. 1, p. 2
(1900) ; lid. Nat. Hist. Sokotra, p. 29 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 285 (1909).
Eggs of the Sokotra Rock-Bunting closely resemble those of
F. striolata. The ground-colour is greenish-white ; and while in
one clutch the eggs are very densely mottled and blotched with
dark brown and lavender-grey, in the second clutch they are densely
but distinctly speckled with reddish-brown and purplish-grey. .Five
examples measure from *7 to *75 in length, and from -51 to -55 in
breadth.
3. Hoinhil, E. Sokotra, 1500 feet, Royal Society [P.].
24th Jan. ( W. R. Ogilvie-Grant
Sf H. 0. Forbes).
2. Homhil, 1500 feet, 21st Jan. Royal Society [P.].
( W. R. O.-G. $ H. O. F.).
Fringillaria striolata (Licht.).
(Plate XI. fig. 22.)
Emberiza striolata, Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 197 (1871) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 264 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs
Ind. Birds, ii. p. 170 (1890) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 344
(1902).
Fringillaria striolata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 561 (1888) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 285 (1909).
Emberiza striolata striolata. Hartert, Vb'g. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 191
(1904).
The eggs of the Striolated Bunting are of a somewhat narrow oval
shape and very slightly glossy, They are greyish-white or pale
bluish-white, very densely freckled and mottled with reddish-brown
of .various shades, dark on some eggs, pale on others. Though
everywhere dense, the markings are particularly so on the broad
end, where in some specimens they form a very broad confluent
zone. The underlying markings consist of blotches and small
FRINGILLARIA. 253
smears of purplish-grey and are very prominent on some examples.
Five eggs measure from '75 to *8 in length, and from '53 to '56 in
breadth.
3. Ajmere, Rajputana, India, 12th Hume Coll.
Nov. (A. O. Hume}.
2. Ajmere, 16th Nov. (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
Fringillaria saharae (Levaill).
Frin «rillaria saharae, Tristram, Ibis, 1859, p. 295 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 563 (1838); Nehrk. Cat. Eiersamml. p. 113 (1899);
Whitaker, Birds Tunis, i. p. 228 (1905) ; Sharpe. Hand-l v. p. 285
(1909).
Emberiza saharfe, Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, pt. i. p. 345 (1902).
Ernberiza striolata sahari, Hartert, Voy. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 190
(1904).
Eggs of the House-Bunting resemble those of F. capensis described
above. Six eggs measure from '69 to -75 in length, and from '54
to '57 in breadth.
1. El AlfBeni, Mzab, Algerian Sahara, Crowley Bequest.
April (J. H. Gurney : Tristram
Coll.}.
4. South Tunis, 17th May (P. Spatz). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Gafsa, S.Tunis, 26th May (P. S.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Fringillaria impetuani (Smith).
Fringillaria impetuani, Layard, Ibis, 1868, p. 247 ; Gurney, in Anderss.
Birds Damaral p. 189 (1872); Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S.
Africa, p. 489 (1875-84) ; id., Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 563 (1888) ;
Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 190 (1900) ; Shelley, Birds Africa,
iii. p. 159 (1902) ; Reichenow. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 292 (1904) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 285 (1909).
Two eggs of the South-African Lark-Bunting in the Collection
are much the same as those of the other species of the genus. They
are of a broad blunt oval shape and slightly glossy. The ground-
colour is white, finely spotted all over with brown and violet-grey.
One egg measures '69 by '52.
Layard gives the measurements as '7 by '55, and Stark as '72
by -6:
2. Otjimbinque, Damaraland (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
254
FRINGILLID.I;.
Genus MELOPHUS, Swains.
Melophus melanicterus (Gmel.).
(Plate XII. figs. 1 & 4.)
Melophus melanicterus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 568 (1888);
Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 265 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 173 (1890) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1900,
p. 38; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 286 (1909).
Eggs of the Crested Black Bunting are of a broad blunt oval form
and have a moderate amount of gloss. The ground-colour is pale
greenish- white in some, pinkish-white in others, and they are
thickly speckled, streaked and mottled with dull reddish-brown
and underlying lavender-grey. The markings are everywhere
dense, but especially at the larger end of the egg, where they
coalesce so as to form a more or less irregular and ill-defined cap.
They measure from *7 to *9 in length, and from *6 to -69 in
breadth.
2. Himalaya, 27th June (Nehrkorn Crowlev Bequest.
Coll.).
2. Almora, Himalaya, 16th May. Hume Coll. & Crowley
Bequest.
15. Sikhim (J. Gammte). Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, Punjab, Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Jhansi, N.W. Pro vs., July (F. It. Hume Coll.
Bleivitt}.
6. Saugor, Central Provs., 25th Hume Coll.
July.
3. Saugor, 28th July. Hume Coll.
2. Saugor, 5th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Saugor, 5th Aug. Hume Coll.
1. Kuatun, Fohkein, China, 17th C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
May.
4. Kuatun, 13th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.].
Genus PLECTROPHENAX, Stejneger.
Plectrophenax nivalis (Linn.}.
Emberiza nivalis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 373, tab. xxxiii.
fig. ll,a-e (1845-54) ; Markham, Whaling Cruise Baff. Bay, p. 285
(1875) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 125, pi. 15 (1884) ; id., Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 247, pi. 57. figs. 9 & 10 (1896).
Plectrophanes nivalis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 1 (1855-63) ;
Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 184, pi. xlvi. fig. lii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 261 (1873) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N.
Amer. Birds, i. p. 512 (1874) ; Feilden, Ibis, 1877, p. 404 ; id. in
Nares's Narr. Voy. Polar Sea, ii. p. 209 (1878) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878,
p. 340 ; Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. p. 300, pi. 38. figs. 17-21
(1900); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i. p. 374 (1902); Nexton,
Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 443 (1902).
PLECTROPHENAX.
255
Plectroplienax nivalis, SJtarpe, Cat. Birch B. M. xii. p. 672 (1888) ;
Grant, Ibis, 1893, p. 569 ; 1894, p. 136 ; Pearson, Ibis, 1898, p. 193 ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 286 (1909).
Passerina nivalis nivalis, Riclgw. B. North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 148
(1901) ; llartert, Yog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 202 (1904).
Passerina nivalis, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 118, pi. 14. figs. 17-21
(1906).
Eggs of the Snow-Bunting are of a pointed oval shape and are
moderately glossy. The ground-colour is generally pale bluish-
white, but in some specimens it is yellowish-white or cream-colour.
The surface-markings, consisting of streaks, spots, and blotches,
are reddish- or orange-brown, and there are generally, in addi-
tion, some sharply-defined markings of deep chocolate-brown, but
these are almost entirely confined to the larger end of the egg.
The underlying markings, which are usually large and conspicuous,
consist of blotches and clouds of rich lilac-grey and pale purple.
The markings are always densest at the large end, where they are
often confluent and form a zone or irregular cap.
The eggs measure from '8 to T05 in length, and from -6 to *68
in breadth.
3. North America.
1. North America (Henshaw Coll.],
3. Arctic America.
4. York Factory, Hudson's Bay,
Aug.
1. Grinnell Land, N. lat. 82° 33',
24th June (H. W. Feilden}.
11. Discovery Bay, Grinnell Land
(C. Hart}.
4. Greenland.
4. Greenland.
4. Greenland.
4. Greenland (E. Fentker : Hargitt
Coll.).
4. Greenland, N. Lat. 61°, 25th
June.
5. South Greenland (H. C. Muller).
7. Godhaab, Greenland, 12th June.
2. Iceland (W. Proctor: Tristram
Coll.).
5. Iceland (W. P. : Tristram Coll).
6. Iceland, 18th June.
2. Iceland.
6. Iceland, 6th July.
24. Iceland (Steineke : Hargitt Coll.}.
7. Iceland.
6. Iceland, 3rd June.
5. Iceland, 12th June.
10. Iceland (W. Proctor).
7. Reykjavik, Iceland, 4th June.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godnmn Coll.
Dr. Rae [P.].
Admiral A. H. Markham [P.].
Voy. H.M.S.' Alert.'
Voy. H.M.S. ' Discovery.'
Old Collection.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PJ.
"W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
256
2. Stromness, Orkney Is. (R. Dunn). Crowley Bequest.
0. Ben Avon, Banffshire, 3700 feet, * Capt. S. G. Reid & W. R.
5th June. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. [P.].
2. Lapland. Seebohm Coll.
1. [Lapland.] Crowley Bequest.
4. Spitsbergen, 24th June (Sir H. Seebohm Coll.
S. Boynton).
4. Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, 3rd Seebohm Coll.
July (Middendorff).
5. Yenesei River, Lat. 71£° N., June Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm).
4. Yenesei River, Lat. 7H° N., June Seebohm Coll.
(H.S.).
3. Yenesei River, Lat. 7H°N., June Seebohm Coll.
(H. S.).
Genus CALCARIUS, Bechst.
Calcarius lapponicus (Linn.).
Emberiza lapponica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 371, tab. xxxiii.
fig. 12. a-d (1845-54) ; Wheelwright., A Spring $ Summer in
Lapland, p. 294 (1871); Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 131, pi. 15
(1884); id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 248, pi. 57. figs. 11 & 12
(1896).
Plectrophanes lapponicus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 3. fig. 2 (1855-
63) ; Heivitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 182, pi. xlvi. figs, i & ii
(18">6) ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 253 (1872) ; Baird, Brewer, $
Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 515 (1874) ; Seebohm $ Harvie-Brown.
Ibis, 1876, p. 117; Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 341.
Calcarius lapponicus, Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 183 (1887) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 579 (1888) ; MacFarlane, Proc.
U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 441 (1892) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitttleurop.
p. 295, pi. 38. figs. 22-26 (1900) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, pt. i.
p. 373 (1902) ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 451, pi. xi.
figs. 19-24 (1902); Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, p. 117, pi. 14.
figs. 22-26 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 287 (1909).
Calcarius lapponicus lapponicus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
i. p. 155 (1901) ; Hartert, Vog. Pal. Faun. pt. ii. p. 200 (1904).
Eggs of the Lapland Bunting are of a somewhat narrow and
pointed oval shape and moderately glossy. The coloration is very
variable. In one type the ground-colour varies from pale grey to
pale brown, and is almost completely concealed by confluent clouds
and smears of yellowish-brown, liver-brown, or dull reddish-brown,
over which are to be seen spots, short lines and scrawls of deep
chocolate-brown. In another type the ground-colour is decidedly
greenish, blotched and clouded with lilac-grey and also marked
with spots and scrawls of rich purplish-brown, chiefly at the broad
end. In a third type, which appears to be rare, the ground-colour
is greenish-grey, and the whole shell is thickly speckled with light
greenish-brown. Intermediate forms also occur. They measure
from '74 to '9 in length, and from '57 to '68 in breadth.
CALCARIUS.
257
2. Arctic America.
1. Arctic America.
6. St. Michael's, Alaska, 5tli June
(JE. W. Nelson : Henshaw
Coll.).
6. St. Michael's, 9th June (E. W. N. :
Henshaw Coll ).
5. St. Michael's, 12th June (E. W.
N. • Henshaw Coll.).
1. St. Michael's, June (E. W. N.).
4. Franklin Bay, Anderson River,
Arctic America (R. W. MacFar-
lane : Henshaw Coll.).
1. Anderson River, 26th June (R.
W. MacF. : Henshaw Coll.).
6. Greenland (Tristram Coll.).
3. Greenland.
2. Greenland (Holboll).
4. Greenland.
4. Greenland.
3. Greenland.
4. Greenland (Erichsen).
2. Greenland (Ericlisen).
3. Greenland.
3. Greenland.
5. Holsteinborg, Greenland, 26th
May.
5. Egedesminde, Greenland, 17th
June.
4. Godshavn, Greenland (Erichsen).
2. Iceland ( W. Proctor).
5. Lapland, 20th June.
6. Lapland, 17th June.
1. Lapland (Hargitt Coll.}.
2. Quickiock, Lapland, 1st June
(H. Wheelwright: Tristram
Coll.).
6. Quickiock, 9th June (H. W.:
Tristram Coll.).
3. Tornea, Lapland, 20th June.
o. Muonioniska, Lapland (H. W.).
6. Enontekis, Lapland, 22nd June.
5. East Finmark (Nordvi).
6. East Fiiimark (Nordvi).
4. East Finmark (Nordvi).
5. East Finmark, 3rd June (Meves).
5. Finland, 25th June.
5. Petchora lliver, Lat. 68° N., 22nd
June (//. Seebohm fy J. A.
Harvie- Brown).
VOL. v.
Dr. Rae [P.].
Sir John Richardson [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Governor Holboll [C.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PJ.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
['P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclitte Sauuders. Esq.
[P.I.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm ColL
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
Seebohm Cell.
258 FKINGILLID.E.
5. Petchora River, Lat. 68° N., 23rd Seebohm Coll.
June(JZ. 8. 8f J. A. H.-B.).
5. Yenesei River, Siberia, Lat. Seebohm Coll.
71£° N., July (jff. AS.).
6. Yenesei River, Lat. 71|° N., July Seebohm Coll.
(JBT.&).
Calcarius pictus (Siuains.).
(Plate XII. fig. 2.)
Plectrophanes pictus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 518
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 121 (1874).
Calcarius pictus, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 584 (1888) ; MacFar-
lane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 441 (1892) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml p. 114 (1899) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 160
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 287 (1909).
The eggs of the Painted Bunting closely resemble some of the
eggs of C. lapponicus. They measure from -79 to -87 in length,
and from -59 to '65 in breadth.
3. Arctic America. Sir John Richardson [P.].
2. Anderson River, British North Crowley Bequest.
America, 22nd June (R. W.
MacFarlane: Tristram Coll.).
3. Anderson River, 24th June ( It. Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. MncF. : Smiths. Inst.).
4. Anderson River (R. W. MacF. : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.').
Calcarius ornatus (Towns.).
(Plate XII. fig. 5.)
Plectrophanes ornatus, Batrd, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 620 (1874) ; Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 122 (1874).
Calcarius oruatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 586 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eier samml p. 114 (1899); Ridgio. Birds North $ Middle
Amer. i. p. 162 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 287 (1909).
The eggs of the Chestnut-collared Bunting are of an ordinary
oval shape and glossy. They are greyish- or pinkish- white, marked
with underlying clouds and blotches of lilac- or lavender-grey and
with surface spots, scratches, and small blotches, which are bright
reddish-brown in some specimens and deep purplish-brown in
others. They measure from -69 to '78 in length, and from -56 to
•62 in breadth.
2. British Columbia (J. K. L.). J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.].
3. 49th Parallel (G. M. Dawson). N. Amer. Boundary Coinm.
3. 49th Parallel (G. M. D.). N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
1. 49th Parallel (G. M. D.\ N. Anier. Boundary Comm.
3. Short Creek, 49th Parallel, 9th N. Amer. Boundary Conim.
June (G. M. D.}.
RHYNCHOPHANES. — CALAMOSt'IZA. 259
2. Short Creek, 10th June (6?. M . />.). N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
2. Short Creek, 10th June (G. M. D.}. N. Amer. Boundary Cornni.
1. South Dakota, U.S.A., 18th May. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus RHYNCHOPHANES, Baird.
Rhynchophanes maccowni (Lawr.).
(Plate XII. fig. 3.)
Plectrophanes maccowni, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 523 (1874).
Rhyncophanes maccowni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 589 (1888) ;
* Nehrk, Kat. Eiersamml.^. 114 (1899) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle
Amer. i. p. 165 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 288 (1909).
Two eggs of Maccown's Bunting are elliptical in shape, and
have a considerable amount of gloss. They are pale creamy- or
brownish-buff, very indistinctly mottled with pale lavender and
grey, and marked with some specks, scratches, scrawls and fine
lines of umber-brown. They measure respectively : '81 by '59 ;
•82 by -59.
2. Traders' Road, 49th Parallel N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
(G. M. Dawson).
Genus CALAMOSPIZA. Bonap.
Calamospiza melanocorys, Stejn.
Calamospiza bicolor, Baird, Brewer fy Ridqw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 61
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 163 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 593 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 114 (1899).
Calamospiza melanocorys, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 168
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 288 (1909).
The eggs of the American Lark-Bunting are of a very broad oval
shape and frequently spheroidal. They are very smooth, glossy,
and of a pale blue colour. Many eggs are uniform, others are
spotted with light rufous at the broad end. They measure from
•79 to -9 in length, and from .62 to '1 in breadth.
4. Near Souris, 49th Parallel, 13th N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
June (G. M. Dawsori).
2. 49th Parallel (G. M. D.}. N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
4. 49th Parallel (G. M. D.: Hen- Salvin-Godman Coll.
shaw Cull.}.
1. Dane Co., Wisconsin (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
1. Denver, Colorado, 10th June. W. RadclifFe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
260 FRINGILLIDj'E.
Germs SPIZA, Bonap.
Spiza americana (Gmel.).
Euspiza americana, Baird, Brewer fy Ridqw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 65
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 164 (1874).
Spiza americana, Salv. fy Godm. BioL Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 416
(1886) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 770 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899) : Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 171 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 288 (1909).
Eggs of the Black-throated "Bunting appear to be very variable in
shape. One specimen in the Collection is almost spherical, another
is nearly a perfect ellipse, and a third is a narrow pointed oval.
The eggs are glossy and of a plain bluish- green colour. They
measure from '79 to -82 in length, and from '6 to *64 in breadth.
1. North America (Henshaiv Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. San Antonio, Texas (Dr. Heer- Salvin-Godman Coll.
mann).
2. San Antonio (Dr. Heermann : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
5. Cook Co., Illinois, 6th Jan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus CHONDESTES, Swains.
Chondestes grammacus (Say).
Chondestes grammaca, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 562 (1874) [part.].
Chondestes grammica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 591 (1888) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 114 (1899).
Chondestes grarnmacus grammacus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer.
i. p. 176 (1901).
Chondestes grammacus, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 289 (1909).
The eggs of the Lark-Sparrow are of a broad oval shape and
highly glossy. They are white, or very pale creamy-white, marked,
almost entirely at the broad end, with spots, blotches, scratches and
hair-lines of deep purplish-brown or black and some faint clouds
and spots of lavender-grey. They measure from '75 to -82 in
length, and from '6 to '66 in breadth.
North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.j.
Chondestes strigatus (Swains.).
(Plate XII. fig. 9.)
Chondestes grammacus strigatus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. 178 (1901).
Chondestes strigatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 289 (1909).
PO(ECETKS.
Eggs of the Western Lark-Sparrow are indistinguishable from
those of C. grammaci's.
6. Laramie, Wyoming, U.S.A., 30th Salviii-Godnian Coll.
May (Henshaw Coll.}.
f>. Poway, California, 2nd May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Poway, 26th Mav. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. San Pedro, Texas (R. E. Dresser: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. San Antonio, Texas (Dr. Heer- Crowley Bequest.
matin: Tristram Coll.}.
Genus POCECETES, Baird.
Pocecetes gramineus (Gmel.).
Fringilla graminea, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 389, tab. xxxiv. fig. 8,
a, b (1845-54).
Poocaetes gramineus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 545
(1874).
Pooacetes gramineus, Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 129 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. G70 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 116
(1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 289 (1909).
Pooecetes grumineus gramineus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
i. p. 182 (1901).
Eggs of the Vesper Sparrow are of a pointed oval form and almost
devoid of gloss. They are greyish-white, mottled with underlying
lilac-grey or pinkish-brown, and sparingly marked with some
surface-spots, lines, scratches, and small blotches of reddish-brown
or deep purplish-brown. The markings are usually rather evenly
distributed over the surface of the egg, but in some instances they
form a confluent zone round the broad end. Specimens measure
from '77 to '87 in length, and from '56 to -62 in breadth.
3. North America (D. G. Elliot : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. North America (D. G. E. : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
1. North America. Salvin-Godman^Coll.
6. North America (Henshaiv Coll.). Salvin-Godman*Coll.
4. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godraan Coll.
3. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Ohio, July (N. A. Chapman : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smiths. 'Inst.f.
4. Chester Co., Pennsylvania (C. J. Princeton University, N. J.
Pennock). [E . ].
2. Massachusetts ( T. M. Brewer : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
o. West Newbury, Massachusetts, W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
20th May (G. E. Oilman). [P.]
262 FRINGILLID^5.
Pocecetes confinis, Baird.
, (Plate XII. fig. 7.)
Pocecetes gramineus, var. confinis, Hensh. Hep. Wheeler's Swv. v. p. 256
(1875).
Pooecetes gramineus, Coues (nee GmeL), Butt. U. S. Geol. Sf Geogr. Swv.
Terr. iv. p. 589 (1878).
Pocecetes continis, Sharp?, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 672 (1888); id.
Hand-l. v. p. 289 (1909).
Pooscetes gramineus confinis, Ridgw. Birds Middle Sf North Amer. i.
p. 184 (1901).
Eggs of the Western Vesper Sparrow are indistinguishable from
those of P. gramineus. They measure from '76 to '84 in length, and
from *57 to '63 in breadth.
4. Lariraore, Washington, D.C., 18th Crowley Bequest.
July.
4. Olympia, Washington, 23rd May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(F. W. Andros). [P.].
3. Olympia, 23rd May (F. W. A.}. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus PASSERCULUS, JBonap.
Passerculus princeps, Maynard.
(Plate XII. fig. 6.)
Passerculus princeps, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 540
(1874) ; 8/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 679 (1888) ; Ridgw. Birds
North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 189 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 290
(1909).
Two eggs of the Ipswich Sparrow are of a rather broad and
pointed oval form, almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is
pale creamy-white, spotted and blotched all over with brown or
dull reddish-brown, and sparingly with lavender-grey. They
measure respectively *78 by -58 and '78 by -57.
2. Grand Marian I., BaV of Fundy, Crowley Bequest.
Nova Scotia (T. M. Brewer :
Tristram Coll.).
Passerculus savanna ( Wilson).
Passerculus savanna, Baird, Brewer fy Hidqw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 533
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 127 (1874) [part.] ; id. Bull. U. S.
Geol. 8f Geogr. Surv. Terr. iv. p. 588 (1878) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 290 (1909).
Passerculus sandwichensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 674 (1888)
[part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 116 (1899).
Passerculus sandwichensis savanna, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle. Amer.
i. p. 192 (1909).
The eggs of the Savanna Sparrow are of a pointed oval form and
PASSERCULUS. COTURNICULUS.
almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is greenish-white or
sometimes creamy-unite, densely mottled, speckled and blotched
with various shades of reddish-brown and palo underlying lavender-
givy. SjM'cimens measure from '74 to '85 in length, and from *55
to -61 in breadth.
1. North America. Old Collection.
I. North America. Sal vin-Godman Coll.
.'!. North America {Henshaw Col 1.}. Sal vin-Godman Coll.
4. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Oodnian Coll.
6. Rhode Island, U. S. America. 2nd W. Undclilfe Sauaders, Esq.
June. [P.].
Passerculus alaudinus (Bonap.}.
(Plate XII. fig. 8.)
Passerculus savanna, var. alaudinus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer
Birds, i. p. 537 (1874).
Ammodramus sandwichensis alaudinus, Nelson, Rep. Nat. Hist. Alaska,
p. 187 (1887).
Passerculus sandwichensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 674 (1888)
[part.].
Passerculus sandwichensis alaudinus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle
Amer. i. p. 194 (1901).
Passerculus alaudinus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 290 (1909).
Eggs of the Western Savanna Sparrow resemble those of
P. savanna, but some clutches are more boldly marked with larger
blotches of reddish-brown, and others are spotted and scratched
with deep purplish-brown. They measure from '7 to '79 in length,
and from -53 to *6 in breadth.
5. St. Michael's, Alaska, 16th June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
(E. W. Nelson: Henshaw Coll.}.
5. St. Michael's (E. W. N. : Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.}.
2. Yukon River, Alaska, 9th June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(J. Lofkhart: Smith*. Inst.).
5. Salt Lake City, Utah, loth June. W. Radclifle Saunders, Esq.
[P.],
Genus COTURNICITLUS, Bonap.
Coturniculus passerinus (Wilson).
(Plate XII. figs. 15, 19.)
Coturniculus passerinus, Baird. Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, \.
p. f)53 (1874) [part.] ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i.
p. 384 (1886) [part.]; Sharpe, Hnnd-l v. p. 292 (1909).
Ammodmmus savaunarum, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 687 (1888)
[part.l; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 116 (1899).
Coturniculus savannarum passerinus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle
Amer. i. p. 207 (1901).
264
Eggs of the Grasshopper- Sparrow are of a very rounded oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are white, speckled and
blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with light red and deep lavender-
grey, the markings often forming a zone or cap. They measure
from -65 to *73 in length, and from '53 to *6 in breadth.
1. North America (Henshaw Coll}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Winnebago. Minnesota, U.S.A. Crowley Bequest.
(H.W.Tolman: Tristram Co If.).
4. Winnebago, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Illinois. 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus AMMODROMUS, Swains.
Ammodromus maritimns (Wilson).
(Plate XII. figs. 18, 23.)
Ammodromus maritimus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 560 (1874) [part.] ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 683 (1888)
[part.] : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 116 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 293(1909).
Ammodromus maritimus maritimus, Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer.
i. p. 214 (1901).
Eggs of the Seaside Sparrow are of a blunt oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are greenish-white, spotted or blotched
with reddish-brown and underlying grey, the markings being
generally concentrated about ':he larger end. They measure from
•75 to -81 in length, and from -57 to -63 in breadth.
]. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
j. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. New Jersey (D. G. Elliot: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
1, Saybrook, Connecticut. 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Sauuders. Esq.
[p.].
Ammodromus caudacutus (Gmel).
(Plate XII. fig. 16.)
Ammodromus caudacutus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, i.
p. 557 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 685 (1888) [part.] ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 116 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand- 1. v. p. 294
(1909).
Ammodromus caudacutus caudacutus, Ridgw. Birds Nvrth fy Middle
Amer. i. p. 220 (1901).
Seven eggs of the Sharp-tailed Sparrow are of a blunt oval form
MYIOSPIZA. H^MOPHILA. 265
and moderately glossy. They are greyish- or greenish-white, more
or K-ss densely mottled and freckled with various shades of reddish-
brown and some underlying lavender-grey. They measure from '72
to '79 in length and from '53 to '6 in breadth.
1. Xovth America (Smifhs. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Salt Marshes, New Jersey Crowley Bequest.
( Tristram Coll.).
Genus MYIOSPIZA, Ridyw.
Myiospiza peruana (Bonap.).
Coturniculus peruanus, Scl. 8f Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 60 (1888);
Holland, Ibis, 1893, p. 484.
Ammodromus peruanus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 693 (1888).
Myiospiza peruana, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 295 (1909).
The eggs of the Yellow-shouldered Sparrow are of a rather
narrow pointed oval shape and exhibit a considerable amount of
gloss. They are plain white. Four examples measure respectively :
•81 by -58 ; -82 by '55 ; '85 by -56 ; '77 by -55.
4. Argentina, Oct. A. II. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
Genus PLAGIOSP1ZA, Eidcjw.
Plagiospiza super ciliosa (Swains.).
(Plate XII. figs. 21, 22.)
Haemophila superciliosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 722 (1888).
Plagkspiza superciliosa, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 229
'(1901) : bharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 295 (1909).
Two eggs of the Striped Sparrow are of a rather broad, somewhat
pointed oval form and distinctly glossy. The ground-colour is
white, with dots, spots, and small blotches of light red, dark
reddish-brown and lilac-grey, scattered over the entire shell, bub
most numerous about the larger end. They measure respectively
•95 by 68 and -92 by -67.
2. Durango, Mexico, 30th April. Crowley Bequest.
Genus HJEMOPHILA, Swains.
Haemophila cassini ( Woodhouse).
Amer., Ares, i. p. 391 (1886).
Aimophila cassini, Ridgw. Birds North & Middle. Amer. i. p. 253 (1£01).
Hsemophila cassini, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p'. 298 (1909).
266 FRINGILL1D.E.
The eggs of Cassin's Sparrow are of a regular oval form,
moderately glossy, and plain white. They measure from '68 to '79
in length, and from '54 to -6 in breadth.
3. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America, 20th Mav. W. Radcliffe Saimders, Esq.
[P.I.
3. Texas, April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus AMPHISPIZA, Cows.
Amphispiza bilineata (Cassin).
Poospiza bilineata, Heermann, Rep. Pacif. R. R. Surv. x. pt. iv. p. 14
(1859) [part; San Antonio, Texas] ; Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N.
Amer. Birds, \. p. 590 (1874) [part.].
Amphispiza bilineata, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 367
(1886); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 628 (1888) [part.]: id.
Hand-l. v. p. 300 (1909).
Amphispiza bilineata bilineata, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 263 (1901).
Three eggs of the Black-throated Sparrow are of a regular oval
shape, very glossy, and plain white. They measure from -65 to -73
in length, and from %52 to '55 in breadth.
1 . Rio Madeira, Texas (A. L. Heer- Crowley Bequest.
mann : Tristram Coll.]
3. Rockport, Texas, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Amphispiza deserticola, Ridgw.
Poospiza bilineata, Henshaw, Rep. Wheeler's Surv. v. p. 274 (1875).
Amphispiza bilineata deserticola, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i.
p. 265 (1901).
Amphispiza deserticola, Shai'pe, Hand-l. v. p. 300 (1909).
Three eggs of the Desert Sparrow are of a rather broad oval
form, distinctly glossy, and plain bluish-white. They measure
respectively : *7 by -58 ; '71 by -57 ; '71 by -57.
3. Arizona (H. W. Henshaw). Salvin-Godman Cell.
Amphispiza belli (Cassin).
(Plate XII. fig. 17.)
Amphispiza belli, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 629 (1888) ; id.
Hand-l. v. p. 300 (1909).
Amphispiza belli belli, Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 267
(1901).
Four eggs of Bell's Sparrow are of a regular oval shape and
AMP-HISPIZA. POOSPIZA. 267
slightly glossy. The ground-colour is pale greenish-white, finely
spotted all over with reddish-brown and with underlying small
blotches and spots of violet-grey, the markings being most numerous
refund the larger end. They measure from *71 to '72 in length, and
from '53 to '55 in breadth.
4. San Bieg-o, California, 12th April W. Eadclifte Saunders, Esq.
(O. W.Kniyht). [P.].
Amplrispiza nevadensis, Ridyw.
(Plate XII. fig. 20.)
Poospiza belli, var. nevadensis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
i. p. 594 (1874).
Amphispiza nevadensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 630 (1888) ; id.
Hand-l. v. p. 301 (1909;.
Amphispiza belli nevadensis, Henshciw, Rep. Wheeler's Surv. 1879,
p. 296 ; Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Anier. i. p. 270 (1901).
Four eggs of the Sage-Sparrow are of a rather lengthened oval
form and moderately glossy. They are very pale green, speckled
and blotched with pale reddish-brown and purplish-grey. The
markings are most frequent at the broad end, where they are more
or less confluent and form a wide zone. In addition, the eggs have
a few blotches and scrawls of very dark reddish-brown, almost
black, scattered over their surface. They measure respectively :
•8 by -57 ; '75 by -57 ; -82 by -57 ; -79 by -57.
4. Reno, Nevada, 25th May (H. W. Salvin-Godman Coll
HensJiaw}.
Genus POOSPIZA, Cab.
Poospiza melanoleuca (I? Orb. $ Lafr.).
(Plate XII. fig. 11.)
Pcospiza melanoleuca, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 638 (1888) ;
Nehrk. Eat. Eiersam-ml. p. 115 (1899) ; Sharpe. Hand-l. v. p. 302
(1909).
Two eggs of the White-and-Grey Warbling-Finch are of a rather
pointed oval shape and somewhat glossy. They are white, sparingly
spotted, chiefly round the larger end, where the markings form
an irregular zone, with brownish-black and lilac-grey. They
measure respectively '75 by -53 and '73 by -55.
2. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
268 FRINGILLID^J.
Genus JUNCO, Wagler.
Junco hyemalis (Linn.).
(Plate XII. fig. 13.)
Junco hyemalis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 580
(1874); Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 141 (1874): Sharps. Hand-l. v.
p. 303 (1909).
Junco hiemalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 647 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 115 (1899).
Junco hyemalis hyemalis. Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 278
(1901).
Eggs of the Snow-bird or Slate-coloured Junco are of a regular
oval shape and have a fair amount of gloss. They are creamy-
white, mottled and blotched with pale reddish-brown and lilac-grey.
The markings are often confluent at the broad end of the egg and
form a cap. One example in the Collection is mottled entirely
with faint lavender-grey. They measure from •? to '8 in length,
and from 456 to '6 in breadth.
4. North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America (Henshaw Coll.) Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Fort Rae, Great Slave Lake (S. Salvia-Godman Coll.
Jones: Henshaiu Coll.).
2. Musquash, New Brunswick, 6th Crowley Bequest.
May (A. Dunn : Tristram
Coll.).
3. Musquash, 12th May (A. R. Crowley Bequest.
Dresser).
4. Grand Manan I., Bay of Fundy, W. Radciiffe Saunders, Esq.
Nova Scotia, 7th June (S. F. [P.].
Cheney).
Junco oregonus (Townsend).
Junco oregonus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 650 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 115 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 303 (1909).
Junco oreganus oreganus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 283
(1901).
Five eggs received in the Crowley Bequest and believed to be
those of the Oregon Junco, vary greatly both in size and markings.
Two resemble those of J. hyemalis, being white, spotted and blotched
with light red and lilac, chiefly about the broad end. They measure
respectively -74 by -57 and '76 by '6. A third egg is similar in
colour, but much smaller, '71 by -53. Two eggs from Forfc
Resolution are pale greenish-white, thickly and evenly spotted all
over with brown and lilac-grey. They measure respectively -8 by
•59 and "75 by *6.
No description of the eggs of this species appears to have been
published. It seems doubtful if the eggs from Fort Resolution
. . . .
Middle Amer. i. p. 295 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 305 (1909).
iceps, Drew, Bull. Nutt. Orn. C. vi. p. 90 (1881).
JUNCO. — 8PIZELLA.
have been correctly identified, but they appear to have been
carefully collected.
1. Sorth America (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
'_?. North America. Crowley Bequest.
2. Fort Resolution, Great Slave Lake, Crowley Bequest.
British X. America, June.
Junco caniceps ( Woodlwuse).
Junco caniceps, Aiken, Amer. Sportsm. v. p. 370 (1875) ; Brewer, Bull.
Nutt. Orn. C. iii. p. 72 (1878) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 654
(1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 115 (189_9) ; Ridgw. Birds North
4' Middle Amer. i. ]
Junco cinereus caniceps,
Two eggs of the Grey-headed Junco are much like those of
J. hy emalis. They measure respectively -74 by '61 and -73 by '59.
. Western United States. Crowley Bequest.
Junco phaeonotus, Wagler.
Junco cinereus, Sharpe (nee Linn.}, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 653 (1888) ;
Nehrk: Kat. Eiersamml. p. 115 (1899).
Junco phaeonotus phaeonotus, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. i.
p. 299 (1901).
Janco phaeonotus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 305 (1909).
Two eggs of the Mexican Junco are of a regular oval form,
slightly glossy, and of a pale blue colour with spots of minute
dark brown scattered over the larger end. They measure
respectively *78 by -6 and -8 by -6.
2. Mexico, 2nd July (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus SPIZELLA, Bonap.
Spizella monticola (Gmel.).
(1909).
Spizella monticola monticola, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. i.
p. 307 (1901).
Two eggs of the East- American Tree-Sparrow are of a regular
oval shape and slightly glossy. They are of a pale green colour,
densely and very finely speckled and spotted all over with pale
reddish-brown and lilac- or lavender-grey. They measure re-
spectively *9 by *65 and -83 by *65.
2. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
FKINGJLLID^.
Spizella ochracea, Brewster.
(Plate XII. fig. 12.)
Spizella monticola, -Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 282; id., Canad. Nat.
vii. p. 147 (1862) ; Baird, Brewer $ R:dgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 3
(1874) [part.]; ManFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mm. xiv. p. 443
(1892).
Spizella monticola ochracea, Nelson, Report Nat. Hist. Alaska, p. 190
(1887) ; Ridyw. Bird* North Sf Middle Amer. i. p. 309 (1901).
Spizella ochracea, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 659 (1838) ; id.
Hand-l. v. p. 306 (1909).
Some eggs of the West-American Tree-Sparrow resemble those
of S. monticola, but the majority of those in the Collection are
more brightly coloured and in some clutches the markings are much
larger. The ground-colour is pale green, spotted and mottled with
bright reddish-brown, the markings being often dense and confluent
at the broad end, where they sometimes form an imperfect cap.
Underlying the surface markings are many smears and clouds of
purplish-grey. Eggs of this species, if all are correctly identified*
vary greatly in size. The larger ones closely resemble the eggs of
Zonotrichia leucophrys and its allies and should possibly be referred
to one of those species. They measure from "7 to -86 in length, and
from '55 to '63 in breadth.
4. St. Michael's, Alaska 20th June Salvin-Godmin Coll.
(E. W. Nelson}.
4. Fort Anderson, Arctic America Salvin-Godman Coll.
(R. MacFarlane: Henshaw
Coll.).
4. Fort Anderson, 10th June (R. Crowley Bequest.
MacF.: Tristram Coll.).
3. Fort Anderson, 18th June (R. Crowley Bequest.
MacF.: Tristram Coll.).
5. Fort Anderson, 13th June (R. Salvin-Godman Coll.
MacF.: Smiths. Iwt.\
4. Fort Anderson, 22nd June (R. Salvin-Godman Coll.
MacF.: Henshaw Coll.).
3. Souris River, North Dakota, N. Amer. Boundary Comra.
2nd June (G. M. Dawson).
4. Fort Simpson, Mackenzie River B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
District.
3. Fort Simpson. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
Spizella socialis ( Wilson).
Fringilla socialis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 392, tab. xxxv. fig. 17, a, b
(1845-54).
Spizella socialis, JRoss, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 232; id., Canad. Nat. vii.
p. 147 (1862); Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 3
(1874) [part.J ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds, B. M. xii. p. 660 (1888) [part.];
Nehrk. ~Kat. Eiersamml p. 115 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 306
(1909).
Spizella socialis socialis, Ridgw. Birds North $• Middle Amer. i. p. 311
(1901).
271
The eggs of tho Chipping Sparrow are of a pointed oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are greenish-blue, spotted and blotched,
almost entirely at the broad end, with dark purplish-brown or
black, and lilac-grey or pinkish-brown. The markings are sparse
and small in size and rarely extend to the smaller half of the egg.
Specimens measure from *6 to '72 in length, and from -5 to '55 in
breadth.
4. North America. Gould Coll.
4. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Saivin-Godman Coll.
4. Fort Simpson. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.I
4. Fort Simpson. B. II. Ross, Esq. j P.j.
4. Fort Simpson. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.J
2. Fort Resolution, Great Slave Saivin-Godman Coll.
Lake (B. R. Ross: Smiths.
Inst.).
5. Bangor, Maine, 20th May (T. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Bailey}. [P.I
4. New York (D. G. Elliot : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.^.
0. Massachusetts (Henshaw Coll.). Saivin-Godman Coll.
4. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. West Newbury, Massachusetts, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
28th May. ' [P.]:
3. Chester Co., Pennsylvania (C. J. Princeton University, N. J.
Pennock). [E.].
4. West Chester Co., Pennsylvania, Crowley Bequest.
10th June.
2. Good Ground, Long Island (C. B. Princeton University, N. J.
Lowe). [E.].
Spizella mexicana, Nelson.
Spizella socialis mexicana, Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 313
(1901).
Spizella mexicana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 306 (1909).
Eggs of the Mexican Chipping Sparrow are indistinguishable from
those of S. socialis. They measure respectively '69 by *5 and -72
by -51.
1 . Mexico. . Gould Coll.
1. Mexico. Saivin-Godman Coll.
Spizella arizonae, Coues.
(Plate XII. fig. 10).
Spizella socialis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 660 (1888) [part.].
Spizella socialis arizonae, Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 315
(1901).
Spizella arizonse, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 307 (1909,.
Eggs of the Western Chipping Sparrow are perfectly similar to
those of S. socialis. They measure from -63 to '71 in length, and
from *5 to '53 in breadth.
272 FEINGILLID^?.
4. British Columbia. Crowley Bequest.
4. British Columbia. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.I.
5. Salt Lake City, Utah, 10th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Spizella pusilla ( Wilson}.
Fringilla juncorum, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 392, tab. xxxiv.
fig. 12, a, b (1845-54).
Spizella pusilla, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 5 (1874);
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B.M.xi\. p. 664 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 115 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 307 (1909).
Spizella pusilla pusilla, Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 318
(1901).
Eggs of the Field-Sparrow are of much the same type as those of
S. monticola, but are more delicately marked. The ground-colour
is faint greenish-white, densely speckled on the broader half and
sparingly on the smaller half with dull brick-red and lilac-grey.
The markings sometimes form a cap at the broad endc The eggs
measure from '60 to '75 in length, and from *5 to -6 in breadth.
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
14. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.
4. New Jersey (D. G. Elliot : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. Chester Co., Pennsylvania (C. Princeton University, N. J.
J. Pennock). [E.].
Spizella arenacea, Chadbourne.
Spizella pusilla urenacea, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 320
(1901).
Spizella areaacea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 307 (1909).
Three eggs of the Western Field-Sparrow are similar to those of
S. pusilla. They measure respectively -67 by -50 ; '66 by '49 ;
•66 by '50.
3 , Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A., 10th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
June. [P.].
Spizella atrogularis (Cab.).
Spizella atrigularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 669 (1888).
Spizella atrogularis, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 322
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 307 (1909).
Two eggs believed to be those of the Black-chinned Sparrow are
of a rather pointed oval shape, somewhat glossy and uniform pale
blue. They measure respectively -72 by -51 and -73 by -52.
2. California, 28th April. Crowley Bequest.
SPIZELLA. — ZOWTRICHIA. 273
Spizella pallida (Swains.).
Spizella pallida, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridyw. N. Atner. Birds, ii. p. 11
(1874) ; Cuues, Birds N.- West, p. 148 (1874) ; Ridyw. Birds North
$ Middle Atner. i. p. 324 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 307 (1909).
Spizella pusio, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 666 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 115 (1899).
Three eggs of the Clay-coloured Sparrow closely resemble those
of S. socialis. They measure respectively : -64 by -5 ; -64 by -49 ;
•71 by -52.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Wisconsin, U.S.A. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Spizella breweri, Cassin.
(Plate XII. fig. 14.)
Spizella pallida, var. breweri, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Atner. Birds, ii.
p. 13 (1874) ; Coues, Birds N.- West, p. 151 (1874).
Spizella breweri, Bendire, Pi-oc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xix. p. 119(1877);
Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 379 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 668 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml.
p. 115 (1899); Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 327
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 308 (1909).
The eggs of Brewer's Sparrow do not appear to differ in any
respect from those of S. socialis. Four examples measure *63
by -48.
3. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Eagle Lake, California, 5th July Salvin-Godman Coll.
(H. W. Henshaw).
Geuus ZONOT&ICHIA, Swains.
Zonotrichia leucophrys (Forster).
Frirgilla leucophrys, Thien. fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. p. 395, tab. xxxiv.
tig. 2, a-c (1845-54).
Zonotrichia leucophrys, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Atner. Birds, i.
p. 566 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 603 (1888) [part.] ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 308 (1909).
Zonotrichia leucophrys leucophrys, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle
Amer. i. p. 336 (1901).
Eggs of the White- crowned Sparrow are of a broad oval shape
and moderately glossy. They are pale greenish- white, mottled with
brick-red and some underlying grey spots. The density of the
markings varies considerably, some eggs having the ground-colour
almost entirely concealed, whereas in others it is plainly visible,
TOL. v. T
274 FRINGILLIDJE.
especially at the smaller end of the egg. They measure from -81
to -88 in length, and from -6 to -66 in breadth.
Zonotrichia gambeli (Nuttall).
Zonotrichia gambelii, Ross, Nat. Hist. Review, 1862, p. 281 ; id. Canad.
Nat. vii. p. 147 (1862); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 606
(1888) [part.]; id. Hand-l v. p. 308 (1909).
Zonotrichia leucophrys, var. gambeli, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, i. p. 569 (1874).
Zonotrichia leucophrys intermedia, MacFarlane, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus.
xiv. p. 442 (1892).
Zonotrichia leucophrys gambelii, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer.
i. p. 339 (1901).
Eggs of Gambel's Sparrow resemble those of Z. leucophrys.
They measure from '77 to *86 in length, and from *58 to '65 in
breadth.
4. Anderson River, Brit. N. America Salvin-Godman Coll.
( R. W. MacFarlane ; Henshaio
Coll).
6. Anderson River (R. W. MacF. : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw Coll.).
4. Anderson River, 15th June (R. Salvin-Godinan Coll.
W. MacF. : Smiths. Inst.).
4. Anderson River, 15th June (R. Crowley Bequest.
W. MacF. : Tristram Coll.).
2. Anderson River, 22nd June (R. Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. MacF. : Smiths. Inst.).
4. Mackenzie River District. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.I
3. Mackenzie River District. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.j.
2. Port Resolution, Great Slave Lake, Crowley Bequest.
13th May (J. Lockhart : Tris-
tram Coll.).
Zonotrichia nuttalli, Ridgw.
Zonotrichia leucophrys, Lord (nee Forster), Proc. R. A. Inst. Woolwich,
iv. p. 338 (1865).
Zonotrichia gambeli, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 606 (1888)
[part.].
Zonotrichia gambelii, Nehrk. (nee Nuttall), Kat. Eiersamml. p. 114
(1899).
Zonotrichia leucophrys nuttalli, Ridgw. Birds North &f Middle Amer. i.
p. 342 (1901).
Zonotrichia nuttalli, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 309 (1909).
The eggs of ^uttall's Sparrow resemble those of Z. leucophrys.
They measure from '8 to *9 in length, and from -6 to *65 in
breadth.
4. Vancouver Island. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.].
4. Vancouver Island (Dr. Lyall). Voy. H.M.S. ' Plumper.'
1. LOB Angeles, California, 20th May. W. Radcliffa Saunders, Esq.
ZONOTIlirillA. — BRACllYSl'IZA. 275
Zonotrichia albicollis ( Gmel.).
Zonotriohia albicollis, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 574
(1874); Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 161 (1874); Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xii. p. 598 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 114 (1899);
Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 343 (1901); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 309 (1909).
The eggs of the White-throated Sparrow resemble those of
Z. leueophrys. They measure from '75 to '35 in length, and from
•6 to -63 in breadth.
4. North America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. North America (J. J. Audubon : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. Charlottetown, Prince Edward I., Crowley Bequest.
New Brunswick, 7th June.
1. North Conway, New Hampshire, W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
30th May. [P.].
4. East Wallingford, Vermont, 3rd W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
June ( Wyait Kent). [P.].
Genus BRACHYSPIZA, llidgw.
Brachyspiza pileata (Bodd.).
Emberiza matutiua, d'Orbigny, Voy. dans VAmer. Merid. iv. pi. 47.
fig. 3 (1835-44).
Fringilla matutina, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voy. p. 397, tab. xxxiv.
tigs. 10, a, b (1845-54).
Zonotrichia pileata, Scl. Sf Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 18; iid., P. Z. S. 1879,
p. 507 ; Dalgleish, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vi. p. 246 (1880-1) ;
Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 370 (1886) ; Scl. Sf
Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 58 (1888); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B.M.
xii. p. 610 (1888) ; James, New List Chilian Birds, p. 2 (1892) ;
Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 197; Aplln, Ibis, 1894, p. 169; Lane, Ibis,
1897, p. 20; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 114 (1899); Gosse, in
Fitzgerald's Highest Andes, App. C, p. 348 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 309 (1909).
Zonotrichia capensis, Euler, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 27 (1900) ;
Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 214 (1900).
Brachyspiza capensis peruviana, Ridyiv. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. 347 (1901).
The eggs of the Chingolo Song-Sparrow resemble those laid by
the species of the genus Zonotrichia. The ground-colour varies from
bluish- or greenish-white to a pale blue. The markings are dull
brick-red and vary considerably. Some eggs are only very faintly
speckled, while others are thickly covered with spots and blotches
which cover more than half the shell, and between these two types
there are numerous intermediate forms. Many specimens are fairly
evenly marked all over, others have the markings more thickly
disposed at the broad end, where they form a zone or cap. Many
276
eggs exhibit underlying markings of lilac-grey. Specimens measure
from '75 to '91 in length, and from -6 to -65 in breadth.
1. Duenas, Guatemala, 29tli May
(O. Sal oin.).
2. Dueiias (O. &).
4. Duenas (W. Wyld}.
4. Duenas (W. W.).
2. Costa Rica, 14th May.
2. Costa Rica, 16th May.
2. Costa Rica, 30th June.
2. San Pedro, Costa Rica, August.
2. San Pedro, August.
1. San Pedro, August.
1. U.S. Colombia, S. America.
3. Antioquia, Colombia (T. K. Sal-
mon}.
1. Medellin, Antioquia (T. K. S.).
2. Quito, Ecuador, May.
2. Arequipa, Peru, March (H.
Whitely: Tristram Coll}.
3. Chile.
4. Central Chile, Oct. (A. Lane}.
3. Central Chile, Oct. (A. L.}.
3. Central Chile, Nov. (A. L.).
4. Central Chile, Nov. (A. L.}.
3. Central Chile, Nov. (A. L.).
3. Central Chile, 9th Nov. (A. L.).
3. Central Chile, Dec.
2. Argentina.
3. Argentina.
4. Argentina.
2. Punta de las Vacas, Andes of
Argentina (P. Gosse).
4. [Brazil.]
2. Rio de Janeiro.
3. Paraguay, 17th Oct.
3. Paraguay, 18th Oct.
3. Paraguay, 4th Nov.
2. Paraguay, 8th Nov.
3. Paraguay, llth Nov.
3. Paraguay, 26th Nov.
2. Paraguay, 29th Nov.
3. Paraguay, 1st Dec.
2. Uruguay.
0.1.
OLJ
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll. &
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Cull.
C. F. Underwood, Esq.
C. F. Underwood, Esq.
C. F. Underwood, Esq.
C. F. Underwood, Esq.
C. F. Underwood, Esq.
C. F. Underwood, Esq.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
Berkeley James Coll.
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
A. H. Holland, Esq. [0.1
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
E. A. Fitzgerald, Esq. [P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].
W. Foster, Esq. [C."
W. Foster, Esq. 1C."
W. Foster, Esq.
W. Foster, Esq.
W. Foster, Esq.
W. Foster, Esq.
W. Foster, Esq.
W. Foster, Esq.
O. V. Aplin, Esq~
Lf.j.
m
m
[P.].
3. Brazil.
3. Brazil.
3. Brazil.
4. Brazil.
2. Brazil.
Clutches with an egg of the Cow-bird
(Molothrus bonariensis}.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
BRACHYBPIZA. — MELOSPIZA.
277
Clutch with 3 eggs of the Cow-bird
(Molothrus bonariensis).
1. Buenos Ayres.
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
Brachyspiza strigiceps (Gould).
Zonotrichia strigiceps, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 608 (1888) ;
Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 60 (1888).
Brachyspiza strigiceps, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 310 (1909).
An egg said to be that of the Stripe-headed Song-Sparrow is
similar to those of B. pileata. It measures '76 by *6.
1. [Argentina.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus MELOSPIZA, Baird.
Melospiza melodia (Wilton).
Fringilla melodia, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 395, tab. xxxiv.
fig. 4, a, b (1845-54).
Melospiza melodia, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 19
(1874) ; Sharp, Hand-L v. p. 310 (1909).
Melospiza fasciata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p 701 (1888) [part.] ;
Thompson, P. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiii. p. 604 (1891); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 117 (1899X
Melospiza cinerea melodia, Ridgw. Birds North $• Middle Amer. i. p. 354
(1901).
The eggs of the Song- Sparrow are of a broad oval shape and
moderately glossy. The ground-colour is greenish-white, or very
pale greenish-blue, spotted and blotched with rather bright brick-
red or purplish-red and lilac-grey. The markings are generally
confluent at the broad end, but on the remainder of the shell they
are distinct and well-defined. Specimens measure from '7 to *85
in length, and from '59 to '65 in breadth.
2.
21.
8.
8.
1.
3.
4.
2.
3.
3.
2.
4.
North America (J. J. Audubon :
Tristram Coll.).
North America ( Henshaw Coll.).
North America (Smiths. Inst.).
North America (H. Buckley :
Tristram Coll.).
North America.
New York ( D. G. Ettiot : Tris-
tram Coll.).
Newbury, New Hampshire, 19th
May (G. E. Oilman).
Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer).
Princeton, New Jersey, 15th
May ( W. E. D. Scott).
Princeton, 16th May (W. E.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Old Collection.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
D. S.).
Princeton,
D. S.).
Princeton,
D. s.).
16th May ( W. E.
5th June ( W. E.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
IE.].
278
Melospiza montana (Henshaw).
Melospiza fasciata heermanni, Townsend, P. U. S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 219
(1887).
Melospiza fasciata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 701 (1888) [part.].
Melospiza cinerea montana. Ridgw. Birds North Sc Middle Amer. i. p. 358
(1901).
Melospiza montana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 310 (1909).
Two eggs of the Mountain Song-Sparrow are similar to those
of M. melodia. They measure respectively '89 by *62 and '82
by -60.
2. Colorado, 13th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Melospiza fallax (Baird).
Melospiza melodia, var. fallax, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds,
ii. p. 22 (1874).
Melospiza fallax, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 703 (1888) [part.];
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 117 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 311
(1909).
Melospiza cinerea fallax, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 362
(1901).
Eggs of the Desert Song-Sparrow in the Collection are of three
types. Two of these correspond well with the two types of the
eggs of M. georgiana described below. In the third type the egg
is greyish-white, very densely freckled all over with orange-brown.
Specimens measure from "7 to '8 in length, and from *58 to -6 in
breadth.
1. California (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Salt Lake City, Utah, 15th May. W. Kadclitfe Saunders, Esq.
6. Tuczon, Arizona (Smiths. Inst.). Salviu-Godman Coll.
Melospiza heermanni, Baird.
Melospiza heermanni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 704 (1888)
[part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 117 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 311 (1909).
Melospiza cinerea heermanni, Ridgw. Birds North & Middle Amer. i.
p. 364 (1901).
Eggs of Heermann's Song-Sparrow resemble those of M. melodia.
They measure from '78 to '8 in length, and from '6 to -62 in
breadth.
1. California (T. M. Brewer r Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. San Bernardino, California, 26th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
April (F. Ball). [P.].
MELOSPI7A. 279
Melospiza samuelis (Baircl).
Melospiza samuelis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 705 (1888) [part.] ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 117 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 312
(1909).
Melospiza cinerea samuelis, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. i.
p. 369 (1901).
Eggs of Samuels' Song-Sparrow are similar to those of M. melodia.
They measure from *78 to '8 in length, and from '58 to '6 in
breadth.
2. San Francisco, California, 14th H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
April (J. Hepburn).
4. Oakland, California, 5th April W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(T. JLiliencrantz). [P.].
4. Los Angeles, California, 16th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
June. [P.].
Melospiza lincolni (Audub.).
Fringilla lincolni, Thien. Fortgflanz. ges. Vog. p. 394, tab. xxxiv.
tig. 6, a-c (1845-54).
Melospiza lincolni, Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 282 ; id. Canad. Nat.
\-ii. p. 147 (1862) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 31 (1874) ; Bagg, Bull. Nutt. Orn. C. vi. p. 246 (1881) ; Salv. $
Godm. Biol. Centr-Amer., Aves, i. p. 386 (1886); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 698 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 116
(1899); Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 379 (1901);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 313 (1909).
The eggs of Lincoln's Sparrow are of a regular oval shape and
possess a small amount of gloss. They are greyish-white, thickly
blotched with dull brick-red and underlying lavender-grey. The
blotches are densest oil the broad end, where they become confluent
and form an irregular zone or cap. The eggs measure from *67 to
•8 in length, and from -56 to -6 in breadth.
1. North America. Crowley Bequest.
2. North America (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America. Old Collection.
13. Fort Simpson, Brit. N. America. B. R. Ross, Esq. [P.].
Melospiza georgiana (Lath.).
Fringilla georgiana, Thien. Fortgflanz. ges. Vog. p. 390, tab. xxxiv.
tig. 7, a, b (1845-54).
Melospiza palustris, Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 34
(1874).
Melospiza georgiana, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 697 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 116 (1899) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer.
i. p. 382 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 313 (1909).
Eggs of the Swamp-Sparrow vary from a broad oval to a narrow
280 PKINGILLIDJB.
oval shape and are slightly glossy. Some are greenish-white,
mottled and smeared with pale brown and marked with a few spots
of a darker brown. Others are greyish-white, or greenish- white,
smeared and blotched with dull brick-red and pale underlying
lavender-grey or very finely marked all over with the same colour.
They measure from -7 to -83 in length, and from -55 to -0 in
breadth.
3. North America (H. Buckley : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Princeton, New Jersey, 24th May Princeton University, N.J.
( W. E. D. Scott). [E.].
4. Princeton, 28th May (W. E. Princeton University, N.J.
D. S.)! [E.].
2. Princeton, 6th June (W. E. D. S.). Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
4. Pennsylvania (T. M. Brewer). H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
4. Taunton, Massachusetts. 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Eeq,
[P.l.
8. Taunton, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus PASSERELLA, Swains.
Passerella iliaca (Merrem).
Fringilla iliaca, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vb'g. p. 394, tab. xxxiv. fig. 3, a-c
(1845-54).
Passerella iliaca, Ross, Nat. Hist. Rev. 1862, p. 282 ; id. Canad. Nat.
vii. p. 147 (1862) ; Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 50 (1874); Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 160 (1874); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 716 (1888) ; MacFarlane, P. U. S. Nat. Mus.
xiv. p. 443 (1891) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 117 (1899) ; Sharpe,
Handrl. v. p. 314 (19U9).
Passerella iliaca iliaca, Ridgiv. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 386
(1901).
The eggs of the Fox-coloured Sparrow vary from a blunt oval
to a perfectly elliptical shape and are moderately glossy. They
are very pale green, densely mottled, blotched and smeared with
bright brick-red. Here and there, traces of underlying grey may
be detected. The surface-markings are confluent over the broad
end and frequently over the whole surface of the egg. Specimens
measure from '9 to '96 in length, and from -62 to '7 in breadth.
2. 100 miles N. of the Porcupine R., Crowley Bequest.
Alaska (J. Lockhart : Tris-
tram Coll.).
2. Peel River, British N. America Salvin-Godman Coll.
(J. L. : Smiths. Inst.).
5. Fort Simpson, British N America. B. R. Ross, Esq.
2. Fort Simpson. B. R. Ross, Esq.
3. Fort Simpson. B. R. Ross, Esq.
PASSEEIXA. 281
Genus PASSERINA, Vieill.
Passerina cyanea (Linn.}.
Cyanospiza cyanea, Baird, B reiver fy Ridqw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 82
(1874) ; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 171* (1874) ; Sato. $ Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 364 (1886) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xii.
p. 617 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 114 (1899); Ridyw.
Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 582 (1901).
Passerina cyanea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 315 (1909).
Eggs of the Indigo-Bird vary much in shape, one being a long
oval, one an ordinary oval, and a third almost a sphere. They are
plain white tinged with blue or green, and glossy. They measure
from '7 to '83 in length, and from *52 to *58 in breadth.
2. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. North America. Crowley Bequest.
4. Massachusetts, 2nd June. W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Hebron, New York, 12th June. Captain Savile G. Reid [P.].
Passerina amoena (Say).
Cyanospiza amoena, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 84
(1$74) ; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 170 (1874) ; Salv. # Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 363 (1886) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii.
p. 620 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 115 (1899); Ridyw.
Birds North # Middle Amei: i. p. 584 (1901).
Passerina amoena, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 315 (1909).
Eggs of the Lazuli Bunting are of a narrow oval shape, plain
bluish-white, and possess a small amount of gloss. They measure
from '74 to '77 in length, and from '5 to *55 in breadth.
3. N.America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. N. America (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. 1). Columbia 'D. G. Elliot : Trist- Crowley Bequest.
ram Coll.}.
2. American Fork, Utah, llth July W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(J. Borrott). [P.].
4. California, 7th May. Crowley Bequest.
1. Honey Lake, California, 17th June Salvin Godman Coll.
(H. W. Henshaw}.
Passerina ciris (Linn.).
C\anospiza ciris, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 87
(1874); Sain. $ Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 365 (1886) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 614 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 114 (1899) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 586 (1901).
Passerina ciris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 315 (1909).
Eggs of the Nonpareil or Painted Bunting vary from a blunt to
a rather long oval form, and are moderately glossy. They are
282 FRINGILLID.E.
white, densely speckled with brick-red or purplish-red and lavender-
grey, the markings being sometimes evenly distributed over the
entire shell, but more often concentrated towards the larger end,
where they form an irregular cap or zone. They measure from '7
to '84 in length, and from -55 to *58 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.*). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Texas, June (D. Ogderi). II. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.l.
5. Texas, 8th June. ' Captain Savile G. Reid [P.].
4. Texas, 26th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. San Antonio, Texas (D. G. Elliot : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
2. San Antonio (H. E. Dresser : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
2. San Antonio (A. L. Heermann: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
3. San Antonio, June (H. E. D.}. H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
Genus OREOSPIZA, Ridyw.
Oreospiza chlorura (Townsend}.
Pipilo chlorurus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Atmr. Birds, ii. p. 131
(1874) ; Cones, Birds N.- West, p. 177 (1874) ; Henshaw, Rep. Orn.
Wheeler's Surv. v. Zool. p. 307 (1875) ; Bendire, P. Bost. Soc. N. H.
1877. p. 121.
Atlapetes chlorurus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 738 (1888);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899).
Oreospiza chlorura, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 400
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 316 (1909).
Four eggs of the Green-tailed Towhee are of a blunt oval form,
approaching the elliptical, and slightly glossy. They are white,
very minutely mottled all over with light reddish-brown, the
markings being very uniform over the whole surface of the egg.
At the broad end there are occasionally a few very minute darker
specks. Four examples measure respectively : *87 by '68 ; '9 by
•68 ; -87 by -67 ; -8 by -66.
1. California (Nehrltorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Honey Lake, California, 17th June Salvin-Godman Coll.
(H. W. Henshaiv}.
Genus PIPILO, Vieill.
Pipilo megalonyx, Baird.
Pipilo inaculatus, var. megalonyx, Baird, Brewer &f Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, ii. p. 113 (1874).
Pipilo megalonyx, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 748 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 318 (1909). ^
Pipilo maculatus megalonyx, Ridgw. Birds North &• Middle Amer. i.
p. 415 (1901).
Four eggs of the Spurred Towhee are of a regular oval shape and
PIPILO. 283
slightly glossy. The ground-colour is white, minutely spotted
over the entire surface with brick-red or maroon and lilac-grey,
the markings being rather more numerous towards the larger end
and sometimes forming an irregular zone or cap. They measure
from *9 to I'l in length, and from -69 to '74 in breadth.
1. California ( T. M. Brewer : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
3. Waterville. California, 10th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[•P.I
Pipilo oregonus, Bell.
Pipilo maculatus, var. oregonus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, ii. p. 116 (1874).
Pipilo oregonus, S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 749 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eicrsamml p. 118 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 318 (1909).
Pipilo maculatus, var. oregonus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. 420 (1901).
An egg of the Oregon Towhee is similar to that of P. megalonyx.
It measures -92 by *7.
1. Portland, Oregon, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Pipilo erythrophthalmns (Linn.}.
Fringilla erythropthalma, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. p. 388, tab. xxxiy.
tig. 1, a, 6(1845-54).
Pipilo erythrophthalmus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 109 (1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 744 (1888) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899) : ISharpe, Hand-l v. p. 319 (1909).
Pipilo erythrophthalmus erythrophthalmus, Ridyw. Birds North 8f
Middle Amer. i. p. 423 (1901).
Eggs of the Towhee or Chewink are of a blunt oval form with the
smaller end much rounded, and they are moderately glossy. The
ground-colour is white, densely speckled and mottled, especially at
the broad end, where a cap is often formed, with brick-red or maroon
and lavender-grey. They measure from -».to 1-0 in length, and
from *65 to '73 in breadth.
4. North America. Gould Coll.
4. North America. Gould Coll.
4. North America. Gould Coll.
2. North America (Smit/is. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
10. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. New York (D. G. Elliot : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
1. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Princeton, New Jersey ( W. E. Princeton University, N.J.
D. Scott}. [E.].
284 FRINGILLID^.
Pipilo alleni, Coves.
Pipilo alleni, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 746 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 319 (1909).
Pipilo erythrophthalmus alleni, Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i.
p. 426 (1901).
An egg of the Florida Towhee is similar to those of P. erythro-
phthcdmus. It measures -9 by "73.
1. Jacksonville, Florida. 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Pipilo fuscus, Swains.
Pipilo fuscus, Salv. $ Godm. Biol Centr.-Amer., Ares, i. p. 409 (1886) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 752 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 118 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 319 (1909).
Pipilo fuscus fuscus, Ridgw. Birds North &• Middle Amer. i. p. 430
(1901).
An egg of the Mexican Towhee in the Collection is of a blunt
oval, or nearly elliptical, shape and almost devoid of gloss. It is
pale blue, sparingly spotted, scratched and lined with black, and
faintly marked with underlying slaty-grey. The scratches and
lines on the egg of this bird resemble those usually seen on the
eggs of the Buntings, and are chiefly confined to the broad end. It
measures 1*0 by '75.
1. Mexico (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Pipilo mesoleucus, Baird.
Pipilo fuscus, var. mesoleucus, Baird, Breicer 8f Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds,
ii. p. 125 (1874).
Pipilo mesoleucus, Brewster, Bull. Nutt. Orn. C. vii. p. 197 (1882) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 754 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 118 (1899) ; Bendire, Auk, vii. p. 22 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 320 (1909).
Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. i. p. 432
(1901).
The eggs of the Canon Towhee are of much the same type as
those of P. fuscus and P. crissalis. In one clutch, the eggs are
white, rather thickly blotched and spotted, especially at the broad
end where the markings form a wreath or zone, with rich purplish-
brown and lavender or lilac. In a second clutch, the eggs are very
pale blue and almost unmarked, except at the broad end, where a
number of delicate markings form a well-defined wreath. The
markings consist of spots, short twisted lines and streaks, and are
of a rich chocolate-brown and lilac-colour. Four specimens measure
respectively : -87 by '67 ; '91 by -68 ; -94 by -69'; 1'02 by -71.
2. Tuczon, Arizona (Henshatv Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Tuczon (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
PIPILO. MELOZONE. 285
Pipilo albigula, Baird.
Pipilo fuscus, var. albigula, liaird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 127 (1874).
Pipilo albigula, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 755 (1888) ; Ridgw.
Birds North $ Middle Amer. i. p. 433 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 320 (1909).
Two eggs of the Saint Lucas Towhee closely resemble the eggs of
the second clutch of P. mesoleucus described above and require no
separate description. They measure respectively : -88 by '07 ;
•88 by -66.
2. Cape St. Lucas, California, 18th Salvin-Godman Coll.
Aug. (J. Xantus: Smiths.
/*•*.).
Pipilo crissalis ( Fig.).
Pipilo fuscus, var. crissalis, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 122(1874).
Pipilo crissalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 753 (1888) ; id. Hand-l.
v. p. 320 (1909).
Pipilo crissalis crissalis, Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. \. p. 434
(1901).
Eggs of the Californian Towhee closely resemble the egg of
P. fuscus described above, but are rather smaller. They measure
from -94 to 1-0 in length, and from -68 to '73 in breadth.
2. California (JR. Ridgway : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
1. California, 12th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. California, 24th April. Crowley Bequest.
4. California (Henshaw Coll.'). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Moraga Valley, California, 24th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
May (T. LiUencrantz). [P.].
Genus MELOZONE, Reichenb.
Melozone biarcuatum (Prevost).
Pyrgisoma biarcuatum, Scl. 8f Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 18, pi. v. fig. 2 ; Solo.
$ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,\. p. 401 (1886); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 733 (1888) ; Nehrk. Rat. Eiersamml. p. 117
(1899).
Melozone biarcuatum, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. \. p. 443
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 321 (1909).
The eggs of Prevost's Ground-Sparrow are of a regular oval shape
and moderately glossy. They are white or creamy-white, marked
with specks, spots, and small blotches of rather bright brick-red
and lilac. The markings are very dense at the broad end, where
286
FRINGILLID^.
they form a large irregular cap, and somewhat sparse elsewhere.
They measure from '86 to -97 in length, and from -63 to -7 in
breadth.
4. Duenas, Guatemala, 30th May Salvin-Godraan Coll.
(O. Salvin).
2. Duenas (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Duenas (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus ARREMONOPS, Ritlgw.
Arremonops rufivirgatus (Lawr.).
Embernagra rufivirgata, Merrill, Bull. Nut.t. Orn. C. i. p. 89 (1876) :
Sharps, Cat. Birds £. M. xii. p. 760 (1888).
Arremonops rufivirgatus rufivirgatus, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle
Amer. i. p. 447 (1901).
Arremonops rutivirgatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 322 (1909).
An egg of the Texas Sparrow is of a regular oval shape, some-
what glossy and plain white. It measures '85 by '64.
1. Texas. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.]-
Arremonops chloronotus (Salvin).
Embernagra chloronota, Sale. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 413
(1886) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 764 (1888).
Arremonops chloronotus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. i. p. 452
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 323 (1909).
Two eggs of the Green-backed Sparrow in the Collection are of
a pointed oval shape, slightly glossy and plain white. They measure
respectively : -88 by -64 ; -88 by -66.
2. British Honduras (F. Blancaneaux) . Salvin-Godman Coll.
Arremonops richmondi, Ridyiv.
Emberna«Ta striaticeps, Sharpe (nee Lafr.}, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 762
(1888) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899) ; Richm. P. U. S.
Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 493 (1893).
Arremonops conirostris richmondi, Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer.
i. p. 453 (1901).
Arremonops richmondi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 323 (1909).
Eggs of Richmond's Sparrow resemble those of A. rufivirgatus
but are rather larger. They measure from -94 to 1-03 in length,
and from '69 to '72 in breadth.
1. Carillo, Costa Rica, May. C. F. Underwood, Esq. [C.].
2. Chiriqui, Costa Rica (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Chiriqui (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
EA1BERNAGRA. EMBERIZOIDES. 287
Genus EM BERN AGRA, Less.
Embernagra platensis (Gmel.).
Embernagra plateusis, Scl. 8f Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 02 (1888) ; Sharve,
Cut. Birds B. M. xii. p. 758 (1888) ; Dxlyleish, Proc. R. Phys. Soc.
Edinb. x. p. 77 (1888-90) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 197 ; 1895, p. 215 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 118 (1899) ; Iheriny, Rev. Mas. Paulista,
iv. p. 215 (1900) j Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 323 (1909).
Eggs of the lied-billed Ground-Finch are of a regular oval form
and very glossy. They are white or pinkish-white, marked, but
almost entirely at the broad end, in various ways. Some eggs are
spotted with rich chocolate-brown and underlying lavender ; others
are smeared with pale brownish-pink and lilac, and blotched with
very rich chestnut-brown; others again are very beautifully marked
with an intricate tracery ot' lines, intermingled with spots and
streaks, of extremely rich purplish- or chocolate-brown. With the
exception of the broad end, the surface of the egg is unmarked, or
very sparingly speckled with rufous. Eggs measure from '9 to 1*02
in length, and from '08 to '75 in breadth.
2. Argentina, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [0."
3. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq.
2. Argentina, Nov. A . H. Holland, Esq.
3. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq.
4. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq.
3. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq.
Genus EMBERIZOIDES, Temm.
Emberizoides macrurus (Gmel.).
Emherizoides niacrurus, Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 507 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 768 (1888) ; id. Hand-l. v. p. 324 (1909).
The eggs of the Long-tailed Finch are of a pointed oval shape,
rather glossy, and white, very sparingly and delicately speckled
with black. A few of the markings are larger than the others,
but none are larger than the head of an ordinary pin. In two
specimens the specks are distributed over the entire shell ; in
another they are chiefly collected about the larger end, where there
are also a few hair-lines. Three examples measure respectively :
•92 by -65 ; -9 by -68 ; -91 by -66.
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Co- Salvin-Godman Coll.
lombia ( T. K. Salmon).
1. Medellin (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
288 FRINGILLID^I.
Genus PSEUDOCHLORIS, Sharpe.
Pseudochloris uropygialis (D'Orb. fy Lajr.).
Pseudochloris uropygialis. Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 776 (1888) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 119 (1899) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 325
(1909).
An egg of the Grey-backed Seed-Finch is of a regular, rather
pointed, oval form, and very slightly glossy. The ground-colour is
pale bluish-white speckled all over with brown and grey, the markings
being rather more numerous round the larger end. It measures
•83 by -6.
1. Peru (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Pseudochloris aureiventris (Philippi $ Landb.).
Pseudochloris aureiveutris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 777 (1888) ;
James, New List Chilian Birds, p. 2 (1892); Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 325 (1909).
The eggs of the Yellow-bellied Seed-Finch are of a regular oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are white, sparingly speckled on
the broader half of the eh ell with chestnut-brown and lilac. Six
examples measure from '7 to "75 in length, and from *54 to '58 in
breadth.
These eggs are of a totally different type to that referred to
P. uropygialis.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
Genus PHRYGILUS, Cab.
Phrygilus gayi (Eydoux $ Gervais),
Phrygilus gayi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 781 (1888) ; Gossc, in
Fitzgerald's Highest Andes, App. C, p. 347 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 326 (1909).
Three eggs of Gay's Finch resemble those of P. melanoderus.
They are greenish-blue, spotted and speckled with dull chestnut-
brown and lilac-grey. They measure respectively : -82 by -63
•8 by -63 ; '8 by -65.
3. Puente del Inca, Andes E. A. Fitzgerald, Esq. TP.].
(P.H. Gosse).
1MIUYGILUS. HAPLOSPIZA.. 289
Phrygilus melanoderus (Quoy $ Gahnard).
(Plate XIII. figs. 2 & 3.)
M.Mauodera typica, Gould, P. Z. S. 1859, p. 95.
Phrvfrilus melanoderus, Abbott, Ibis, 1861, p. 153 ; Scl $ Salv. ZooL Toy.
1 Challenger,' ii. pt. viii. p. 100 (1880) ; Scl. t. c. p. 150 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 786 (1888) ; id. Hand-l. v. p. 327 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 321 (1910).
Eggs of the Falkland Islands' Finch are of a narrow oval form
and somewhat glossy. They are light greenish-blue or dull greenish,
mottled and speckled with reddish-brown and lilac-grey ; the
markings, which are fairly numerous in some specimens and
more heavily marked in others, are generally densest on the broad
end. Specimens measure from *85 to 1 in length, and from '62 to
•66 in breadth.
4. Falkland Islands (C. O. Abbott). Gould Coll.
1. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Falkland Islands (C. C. A. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Falkland Islands. Voy. H.M.S. < Challenger/
Phrygilus alaudinus (Kittl.).
Fringilla alaudina, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1843, p. 113.
Phrygilus alaudinus, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 568 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xii. p. 793 (1888); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 119
(1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 328 (1909).
Three eggs of the Peruvian Lark-Finch are quite of the Bunting
type. They are of an ordinary oval form and moderately glossy.
The ground-colour is pinkish-grey, marked with specks, spots, small
blotches and short lines of chocolate-brown and smudges and clouds
of lavender-grey. The markings are not numerous and are chiefly
disposed over the broader half of the egg. The specimens measure
respectively : -87 by -62 ; -88 by -66 ; and -86 by -6.
2. Peru (H. Whitely). Salvin-Godman ColL
1. Arequipa, Peru, March (H. W. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus HAPLOSPIZA, Cab.
Haplospiza unicolor, Cab.
Haplospiza unicolor, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 626 (1888) ; id.
Hand-l. v. p, 329 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 321 (1910).
An egg believed to be that of Lichtenstein's Finch is of a
pyriform shape, somewhat glossy and pure white. It measures -75
by -58.
1. Brazil. Crowley Bequest.
VOL. V. U
290
Genus DIUCA, lleiclierib.
Diuca diuca (Molina).
(Plate XIII. fig. 9.)
Diuca grisea, Scl. fy Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 55 (1888) ; James, New List
Chilian Birds, p. 2 (1892) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897, p. 18.
Diuca diuca, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 800 (1888) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 119 (1899). p. 321 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 330
(1909).
The eggs of the Diuca Finch are of an elongated oval shape and
have a considerable amount of gloss. They are pale green, spotted,
mottled and streaked with dark brown and lavender-grey. Some
specimens are so thickly marked that but little of the ground-colour
is visible ; others are distinctly spotted and blotched, and others
again present a streaky appearance. They measure from '89 to 1*02
in length, and from '66 to '7 in breadth.
3. Chile. Old Collection.
2. Chile. E. C. Reed, Esq. [P.].
1. Chile (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile. Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
2. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
2. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Nov. Berkeley James Coll.
2. Valparaiso, Chile, 10th Oct. (L. Crowley Bequest.
Praser: Tristram Coll.).
2. Rio Bueno, Chile, 9th Jan. Crowley Bequest.
Genus RHODOSPINGTTS, Sharpe.
Rhodospingus cnientus (Less.).
Rhodospingus cruentus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 808 (1888) :
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 119 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 332
(1909).
An egg of the Red- crested Finch, laid in captivity, is of a short,
rather wide, pointed oval form, somewhat glossy and pure white.
Jt measures -69 by -55.
1. Laid in captivity. Crowley Bequest.
Genus PAROARIA, Bonap.
Paroaria cucullata (Lath.}.
Fringilla cucullata, D'Orb. Voy. dans FAm^r. Merid. iv. pi. 45. fig. 4
(1835-44) ; Thien. Fortpilanz. ges. Voq. p. 422, tab. xxxv. fig. 1
(1845-54).
Loxia cucullata, D'Orb. t. c. pi. 50. fig. 4.
GTJBERNATRIX. ARRE3I03V. 291
Paroaria cucullata, Gibson, Ibis, 1880, p. 19 ; Sol. $ Huds. Argent. Orn.
i. p. 47 (1888); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 809 (1888);
Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 197; Aplin, Ibis, 1894, p. 168; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 119 (1899), p. 321 (1910); Ihering, Rev. Mus.
Paulista, iv. p. 216 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 332 (1909).
Paroaria dominicana, Dalglcish, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vi. p. 246,
pi. vii. fig. 5 (1880-1).
Eggs of the Cardinal Finch so closely resemble those of Diuca diuca
as to render any separate description unnecessary. They measure
from -87 to 1*02 in length, and from -63 to -68 in breadth.
2. Argentina, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
3. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
2. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
2. Uruguay. O. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.].
Genus GUBERNATRIX, Less.
Gubernatrix cristata ( Vieill.).
Gubernatrix cristata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 815 (1888);
Paring, Rev. Mm. Paulixta, iv. p. 216 (1900) ; Sharpe, Iland-l. y.
p. 333 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 322 (1910).
Two eggs of the Yellow Cardinal are of a regular oval shape and
decidedly glossy. They are pale bluish-white sparingly marked
with rounded spots and dots of black which are most numerous
round the larger end. They measure respectively *95 by '71 and
•9 by -7.
2. Argentina. Crowley Bequest.
Genus ARREMON, Vieill.
Arremon silens (Bodd.).
Arremon silens, Sclater, Cat, Birds B. M. xi. p. 273 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 333 (1909).
Two eggs, said to be those of the Black-billed Arremon, are of an
elongate oval shape and somewhat glossy. They are creamy-
white with larger and smaller spots of dull chestnut- red, and with
an underlying tracery of pinkish-grey all over the shell. They
measure respectively '81 by '58 and '81 by *59.
2. British Guiana (H. Whitety). Crowley Bequest.
Arremon spectabilis, Sclater.
Arremon spectabilis, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 275 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 333 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 322 (1910).
The eggs of Sclater's Arremon are of a narrow oval shape, with
u 2
292 FKINGILLID2K.
a slight gloss. They are white, very sparingly speckled with black,
chiefly at the broad end. Two examples measure respectively :
•93 by -62; and -95 by '62.
2. Nanegal, Ecuador (L. Fraser). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Arremon aurantiirostris, Lafr.
Arremon aurantiirostris, Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 324
(1883) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 275 (1886); Richmond, Pr.
U. S. Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 490 (1893) ; Ridgw. Birds North % Middle
Amer. i. p. 455 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 334 (1909).
An egg believed to be that of the Orange-billed Arremon is of
a rather broad oval shape ; the ground-colour is greenish-white,
marked all over the shell, especially towards the broader end, with
small spots and dots of rust-colour and purplish-red. It measures
•95 by -68.
1. [Costa Rica.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus LYSURUS, Ridgw.
Lysurus castaneiceps (Sclater).
(Plate XIII. fig. 7.)
Buarvemon castaneiceps, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 505 : Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 261 (1886).
Lysurus castaneiceps, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 335 (1909).
The eggs of the Chestnut-capped Sparrow are of a blunt oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are white, thickly sprinkled with
specks and small blotches of chestnut and pale lavender, especially
at the broad end, where the markings form an ill-defined cap. Two
examples measure respectively : 1-03 by *72, and *96 by *72.
2. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. Co- Salvin-Godman Coll.
loiubia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus ATLAPETES, Wagler.
Atlapetes pileatus, Wagler.
Atlapetes pileatus, Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 405
(1886) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xii. p. 740 (1888) ; id. Hand-l. v.
p. 335 (1909).
Allapetes pileatus pileatus, Ridgw. Birds North # Middle Amer. i.
p. 460 (1901).
An egg believed to be that of the Rufous-capped Sparrow is of a
ATLAPETES. — BUARREMON. 293
ratlin- long oval form and slightly glossy. It is white, finely spotted
with maroon, pale pinkish-red, and grey ; the markings are very
numerous round the larger end, where they form a well-marked
zone, and fairly numerous over the rest of the shell. It measures
•!)(> by M5S.
1. Mexir.«. Crowley Bequest.
Atlapetes gntturalis (Lafr.).
Kuniivmon gntturalis, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 504 ; Salv. $ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 320 (1884): Scl. Cat. Birds B. M.
xi. p. 259 (1886).
Atlupetes gutturalis, Ridyw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. \. p. 461
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 335 (1909) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 322 (1910).
The eggs of the Yellow-throated Sparrow are of a somewhat
pointed oval shape and moderately glossy. They are bluish-white
in colour, some being quite plain and others very sparingly speckled
with light brown. Seven specimens measure from *91 to *98 in
length, and from '07 to '72 in breadth.
i'. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Co- Salvin-Godman Coll.
lombia ('/'. A'. Salmon).
L». Medellin (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Costa Rica, loth May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C."|.
4. LOJ Cuadros de San Pedro. Costa Crowley Bequest.
Kica, July (C. F. U.).
9 Irazu, Costa Rica, May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Genus BUARREMON, Bonap.
Buarremon brunneinucha (Lafr.).
Buarrcmon brunneinucha, Scl. # Salv. P.Z.S. 1879, p. 504; Salv.
Eiersamml. p. 375 (1910).
Kggs of the Collared Sparrow are of a rather narrow oval form
and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are plain
bluish-white, and measure respectively : 1*12 by '71 ; I'l by '70 ;
1-03 by -73; and 1-08 by 79.
•2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
± Santa Klena ( T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Costa Rica, 3rd May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
294 CXEREBID.E.
Buarremon elaeoprorus, Scl. $ Salv.
Buarremon elseoprorus, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 504, pi. xlii. %. 7 ;
Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 265 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 97 (1899); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 338 (1909).
The eggs of the Olive-backed Sparrow resemble those of Lysurus
castaneiceps, but the markings are in many places confluent and of
a rather brighter chestnut. Three specimens measure respectively :
•92 by '7 ; '94 by -68 ; and -94 by '66.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
Buarremon meridae, Scl. $ Salv.
Buarremon merida3, Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 785 ; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 266 (1886) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 338 (1909).
Two eggs believed to be those of the Merida Sparrow are of a
rather long and somewhat pointed oval form. The ground-colour
is white thickly covered with spots and small blotches of brown
and lilac-grey, most dense towards the larger end. One egg
measures 1*01 by *66.
2. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.
Family CCEKEBID^l.
Genus CCEREBA, Vieill.
Ccereba luteola (Cab.).
Certhiola luteola, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 40 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 94 (1899).
Ccereba luteola, Chapm. Bull. Amer. Mus. N. H. vi. p. 25 (1894) ;
Jfidffw. Birds Middle $ North Amer. ii. p. 406 (1902); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 342 (1909) ; Nehr. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 322 (1910).
The eggs of Cabanis's Sugar-bird are of a regular oval form and
rather glossy. The ground-colour is white marked all over,
but especially towards the larger end, with specks and spots of
chocolate, reddish-brown and lavender. They measure from '63 to
•65 in length, and from '5 to '51 in breadth.
5. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.
CCEREBA. 295
Coereba mexicana (ScL).
Certhiola mexicana, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 497 ; Salo. $ Godm.
Eiol Cetitr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 2oO (1883) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M.
xi. p. 38 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 94 (1899).
Coereba mexicana, Sfarpe, Hand-L v. p. 342 (1909).
An egg of the Mexican Sugar-bird is a regular oval in form
and devoid of gloss. It is dull white, thickly speckled and mottled
with pale reddish-brown and lavender, the markings being densest
at the broad end, round which they form a wide zone. It
measures -64 by '5.
L Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Co- Salvin-Godman Coll.
lombia ( T. K. Salmon).
Ccereba flaveola (Linn.).
(Plate XIII. fig. 1).
Certhiola flaveola, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 84 (1847) ; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 43 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 94 (1899).
Coereba flaveola, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii. p. 414 (1902) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L \. p. 343 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 323
(1910).
E«:gs of the Jamaica Sugar-bird are of a regular oval shape and
possess a small amount of gloss. They are cream-colour, densely
speckled and mottled with pale chestnut-brown and blotched with
faint underlying lavender. In one example the markings form an
irregular zone round the broad end ; in the other there is little or
no trace of any zone. They measure respectively : -69 by '52 ;
and -1'2 by '53.
i?. Jamaica. Rev. Benjamin Zincke [PA
Ccereba newtoni, Baird.
Certhiola flaveola, A. fy E. Newton (nee Linn.), Ibis, 1859, p. 67. pi. xii.
fig. 3.
Certhiola newtoni, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 43 (1886).
Cosreba newtoni, Eidaw. Birth North # Middle Atner. iL p. 416 (1902) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 343 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 323
(1910).
The eggs of Newton's Sugar-bird closely resemble those of
C. flaveola already described, but the ground-colour is pale cream-
colour or white. The markings are densest at the broad end and
form an irregular cap. Eight examples measiire from '65 to
'75 in length, and from -5 to -52 in breadth.
C. St. Croix, West Indies (A. $ E. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Newton}.
2. St. Croix, West Indies (A. New- Crowley Bequest.
ton: Tristram Coll.). '
296
Ccereba dominicana (Taylor}.
Certliiola dominicana, Taylor, Ibis, 1864, p. 167 ; Lawr. P. U. S. Nat.
Mus. i. p. 56 (1878) ; Scl. Cut. Birds B. M. xi. p. 44 (1886).
Certhiola sundevalli, Ridgw., Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 44 (1886).
Ccereba dominicana, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii. p. 417
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 343 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 323 (1910).
Two eggs, said to be those of the Dominican Sugar-bird, differ
somewhat from those of the previously described species and from
the eggs of C. dominicana as described by the late G. IS". Lawrence.
They are of a rather long oval shape, somewhat pointed towards
the smaller end and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour in
one is very pale greenish-white, blotched and spotted, especially
towards the larger end, with pale reddish-brown and dull reddish-
purple ; in the second egg the ground-colour is white, and the
markings, which are much smaller and less denned, are mostly
concentrated round the larger end. They measure respectively
•65 by -44 ; and -63 by '43.
2. St. Andrew, Dominica, 18th Crowley Bequest.
March.
Ccereba atrata (Lawr.).
(Plate XIII. fig. 4.) I
Certhiola atrata, Lawr. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. i. p. 149 (1878) ; Scl.
Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 47 (1886).
Ccereba atrata, Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 422 (1902) ;
Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 344 (1909).
The eggs of the Black Sugar-bird are of a rather pointed oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are pale creamy -white, densely
marked at the larger end and sparingly elsewhere with chestnut-
brown arid underlying purplish-grey. In one egg the markings
form a well-defined zone round the larger end ; in the other a
confluent cap. They measure respectively : '76 by -53 ; and '7
by -55.
2. St. Vincent, West Indies, April Salvin-Godman Coll.
(Mrs. H. H. Smith).
Ccereba wellsi, Cory.
Certhiola atrata, Wells (nee Lawr.), P. U. S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 612
(1886) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 47 (1886) [part, Grenada] j
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamnu. p. 94 (1899).
CoBreba wellsi, Ridgiv. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 423 (1902) ;
Sharpe, Hund-l. v. p. 344 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 323
(1910).
Three eggs of Wells's Sugar-bird jclosely resemble those of
. — DIGLOSSA.
C. luteola described above, but are somewhat larger. They measure
respectively : '1'2 by -50 ; '71 by -50 ; and '67 by -50.
3. Balthazar, Grenada (J. G. Wells). Crowley Bequest.
Genus EUNEORNIS*, Fitzinger.
Euneornis campestris (Linn.).
(Plate XML fig. 19.)
Tnnagrella ruficoliis, Gosse, Bird* Jamaica, p. 2-36 (1847).
Glossiptila ruficoliis, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 48 (1886); Ridgw.
Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 424 (1902).
Euneornis campestris (Linn.), Sharpe., Hand-l. v. p. 344 (1909).
An egg of the Orange Quit is of a blunt oval shape and exhibits
scarcely any gloss. It is of a pinkish-white colour, blotched and
mottled all over the shell with brown and pale lilac-red. It
measures '73 by '58.
1. St. Andrew, Jamaica. Crowley Bequest.
Genus DIGLOSSA, Wagler.
Diglossa sittoides (D'Orb. & Lafr.).
Diglossa sittoides, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 4 (1886); Sharpe ,
Hand-l. v. p. 345 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 323 (1910;.
Eleven eggs, believed to be those of the Rufous-throated Sugar-
bird, vary considerably in size and shape as well as in the colora-
tion of the ground and markings. They vary in shape from a
somewhat long and pointed oval to a very broad blunt oval,
and are almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is pinkish-
white, greenish-white, or pale green, and is generally thickly
spotted all over the shell with brown or reddish-brown and dull
lilac ; in some there are well-marked spots and blotches of deep
brown. They vary in size from -Go to '74 in length, and from
•48 to -55 in breadth.
11. Venezuela. ' Crowley Bequest.
* Dr. Sharpe has made use of this name, which has priority over Grlossi-
ptila, Sclater; the latter name appeared in the 'Proceedings of the Zoological
Society,' no. cccxvii., which was not received i'rotn the printer till the
Uttth January, 1857 (fide C. D. Sherborn).
298 CCEEEBJD^K.
Eiglossa albilateralis, Lafr.
(Plate XIII. fig. 18.)
Diglossa albilateralis, Sd. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 496 ; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 9 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 94 (1899) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 346 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 323
(1910).
The eggs of the White-sided Sugar-bird are of a blunt oval
shape and devoid of gloss. They are pale blue thickly spotted and
blotched, especially towards the larger end of the egg where the
markings become confluent, with dull reddish-brown and lilac-
grey. Five examples measure respectively : '73 by '54 ; '71 by
•5 ; -7 by -5 ; -68 by -5 ; -63 by '5.
2. Santa Elena, Autioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
1. Santa Elena (T. K. S.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
Diglossa personata (Fraser).
Diglossa personata, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 496, pi. xlii. fig. 1 ; Scl.
Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 10 (1886); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 94
(1899), & p. 323 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 346 (1909).
The eggs of the Masked Sugar-bird are of a broad oval form
and devoid of gloss. They are pale greenish-blue, spotted and
blotched, sometimes densely and especially at the larger end where
the markings form a zone or cap, with dull reddish-brown and
lilac. Pive example?! measure respectively : -81 by '58 ; '8 by "6;
•79 by -59 ; '79 by -6 ; and -79 by -58.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
2. Santa Elena ( T. K. S.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
Genus DIGLOSSOPIS, Sclater.
Diglossopis caerulescens, Sclater.
(Plate XIII. fig. 16.)
Diglossopis cserulescens, Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 496 : Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 11 (1886) [part]; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 94 (1899), & p. 323 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 347 (1909).
The eggs of the Blue Sugar-bird are of a blunt oval shape
and without gloss. They are greenish-white, thickly mottled and
streaked with pale reddish-brown and lavender. The markings
are distributed over the entire shell, but are more dense at the
TANAGRIDJK.
broad end than elsewhere. Two examples measure respectively:
•74 by -56 ; and '72 by -57.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salviu-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus CONIROSTRUM, D'Orl. $ Lafr.
Conirostrum sitticolor, Lafr.
Conirostrum sitticolor, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 13 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Haml-L v. p. 347 (1909).
An egg, said to be that of the Black-throated Sugar-bird, is of a
regular oval form and devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is pale
greenish-white blotched and spotted, especially towards the larger
end, with lilac-grey, and with a few small purplish -black spots
scattered over the shell. It measures -78 by '52.
1. Bogota, U.S. Colombia (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Family TANAGEEDJB.
Genus EUPHONIA, Desmarest.
Euphonia nigricollis ( Vieill.).
Euphoma nigricollis, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 61 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 355 (1909).
Three eggs of the Black-necked Euphonia are of a slightly
pointed oval form and devoid of gloss. They are uniform greenish-
white and measure respectively : '69 by *5 ; "69 by *45 ; and "63
by -5.
3. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.
Euphonia elegantissima (Bonap.).
Euphonia elegantissima, Scl. P. Z. S. 1859, p. 378 ; Salv. $ Godm. L'iol.
Centr.-Amer., Aces, i. p. 256 (1883); Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi.
p. 62 (1886) ; Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. ii. p. 12 (1902) ;
tiharpe, Hand-l. v'. p. 356 (1909) : Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 324
(1910).
The eggs of the Blue-headed Euphonia are spheroidal in shape
and almost devoid of gloss. The ground-colour is creamy-white
very sparingly spotted, in one specimen with purplish-brown and
lavender, and in another with brownish-pink and a few minute
300
TANAGRIDJ3.
specks of a darker colour. The markings are few in number and
almost entirely confined to the broader half of the egg. Two
examples measure respectively : -62 by -51 ; and -66 by -51.
A third egg from Costa llica, referred to this species by
Mr. Underwood, differs much from the above. It has the ground
white, minutely but not very thickly speckled all over with pale
lavender-grey and purplish-red. It measures '7 by -52.
1. Mexico. Gould Coll.
1. Mexico. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. liancho Redondo, Costa Rica, Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.I.
9th Mav.
Euphonia affinis (Less.).
Euphonia affinis, Salv. fy Gudm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 257
(1«83); Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 75 (1880); Ridgw. Birds
North fy Middle Amer. ii. p. 21 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 357
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 324 (1910).
Five eggs of Lesson's Euphonia are of a blunt oval form, slightly
glossy, and of a uniform pale greenish-blue colour. They measure
respectively: '72 by -52; -69 by -55; -69 by -5; -69 by -48;
and -68 by '52.
1 . Valladolid, Yucatan (G. F. Gitumer). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
2. Mexico (Nehrkorn Coll.).} Crowley Bequest.
Euphonia hirundinacea, Bonap.
Euphonia hirundinacea, Salv. $• Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 261
(1883) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 75 (1886) ; *Cherrie, ' Auk,'
ix. p. 24 (1892) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 27
(1902) [part]; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 359 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
EiersammL p. 325, pi. iii. fig. 29 (1910).
The eggs of Bonaparte's Euphonia resemble those of E. affinis,
both in colour and si/e.
1. Valladolid, Yucatan (G.F. Gaumer). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
2. Yucatan (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
* Cherrie described the eggs as being " white, thickly speckled in a ring
about the larger end with light walnut-brown and over this some larger spots
of seal-brown," &c. This description agrees with the eggs of E. elegantissima,
which species was also procured. Possibly some mistake has been made by
the collector in identifying the parent bird. Eggs of E. hirundinacea described
and figured by Nehrkorn resemble those procured by Gr. F. Gaumer, and are
of a uniform greenish-blue colour.
PYRRIIU I'll ON I A. — CALOSPIZA.
Genus PYRRHUPHONIA, I$omij>.
Pyrrhuphonia Jamaica (Linn.).
(Plate XIII. fig. 20.)
Ridyw.
_ . . . . Hand-L v.
p. 360 (1909).
Four eggs of the Blue Quit are of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and slightly glossy. The ground in all four eggs is white.
In two most of the markings, consisting of purplish-red and
lavender spots, are concentrated round the larger end and form a
zone ; in the other two, numerous markings of pale purplish-red
are scattered over the entire shell, though they are most numerous
at the larger end, where they form a zone. They measure respec-
tively : -78 by -57 ; '78 by -55 ; -79 by -55 ; and -77 by -57.
1 . Jamaica. Crowley Bequest.
3. St. Andrew, Jamaica, 27th Ajril Crowley Bequest.
(('. It. 7\n/lor).
Genus CALOSPIZA, Gray.
Calospiza paradisea (Sivains.).
( alliste tatao, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 96 (1886).
Calospiza paradisea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 363 (1909).
Two eggs, said to be those of the Paradise Tanager, are spheroidal
in form and slightly glossy. The ground is white or greenish-
white with numerous spots and blotches of lilac and purplish-red,
most abundant round the larger end, where they form a zone or
cap. They measure '78 by '62 ; and '78 by '59.
2. [British Guiana.] Crowley Bequest.
Calospiza chrjsophrys (Scl.).
(Plate XIII. fig. 17.)
Jalliste guttata, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 105 (1886) [part].
Calospiza guttata chrysophrys. Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer.,
if. p. 40 (1902).
Calospiza chrysophrys, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 365 (1909).
Two eggs of the Yellow-browed Tanager are of a regular oval
shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are white, splashed,
blotched, and finely marked with dark purplish-red and grey,
the markings being mostly confined to the broader half of the
302 TA.NAGKID;E.
shell. Oue specimen is much more strongly and coarsely marked
than the other. They measure respectively : '89 by '59 ; arid '80
by -59.
2 Cerchi, Costa Rica, 20th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Calospiza vitriolina (Cab.}.
Calliste vitriolina, Sol. Mon. Callist. p. 39 ( 18-57) ; Scl. # Salv. P. Z. S.
1879, p. 498, pi. xliLfig. 2 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. Ill (1886) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 95 (1899).
Gilospiz.i vitriolina, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 307 (1909).
Two eggs of the New-Grenada Kufous-headed Tanager are
of a regular oval shape and devoid of gloss. They are creamy-
white, thickly mottled and blotched with brown and lilac-grey.
In both examples the markings form a wide but irregular zone
round the broad end. They measure respectively : -87 by -62 ;
and -85 by -6
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia ( T. K. Salmon).
Calospiza cayana (Linn.}.
Oalliste cayana, Scl. Mon. Callist. p. 41, pi. 19 (1857); id. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. Ill (1886).
Calospiza cayana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 367 (1909); Nehrk. Cat.
Eiersamml p. 325 (1910).
Three eggs, said to be those of the Guiana Tamiger, are of a
nearly perfect oval shape and somewhat glossy. The ground-
colour is pale blue, spotted with dark purplish-red and blotched
with lilac-grey, chiefly at the larger end, though the markings are
scattered over the entire shell. They measure respectively : -87
by -6 ; -87 by '55 ; and -85 by -58.
2. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.
1. Venezuela. Crowley Bequest.
Calospiza cucullata (Swaim.).
Calliste versicolor, Lawr. (nee Lawr. 1878) P. U. S. Nat. Mus. ix.
p. 013 (1886) ; Scl. Cat* Birds B.M. xi. p. 113 (1886) [part.].
Calospiza cucullata, Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 52
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 367 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 325 (1910).
Four eggs vary in shape from a somewhat broad rather pointed
oval to a nearly perfect oval. They are white, spotted, blotched
CALOSPIZA. 303
and marked with purplish-brown and lilac-grey. They measure
ivspectively : '91 by -66 ; -90 by -60; -39 by -t)5"; '88 by "62.
2. Island of Grenada, W. I., 26th Orowley Bequest.
May (J. G. Wells).
2. Island of Grenada, W. I., 26th Orowley Bequest.
May (J. G. W.).
Calospiza nigriviridis (Lafr.).
Calliste nigriviridis, Scl. Man. Callist. p. 77 (1857) ; Sol. # Salv. P. Z. S.
1879, p. 499; id. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 122 (1886).
Calliste cyanescens, Scl. Mon. Callist. p. 79 (1857).
Calospiza nigriviridis, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 369 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Ewrsamml p. 325 ( 1910).
Eggs of the New-Grenada Blue-and-Black Tanager resemble
very closely those of C. vitriolina already described, but are rather
smaller. One egg measures '81 by '57.
1. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (7\ K. Salmon).
]. Bogota (Tristram Coll.), Crowley Bequest.
Calospiza cyanoptera (Sivains.).
Calliste cyanoptera, Scl. Mon. Callist. p. 53, pi. 24 (1857); id. Cat
Birds B. M. xi. p. 135 (1886).
Calospiza cyanoptera, Sliarpe, Hand-l. v. p. 372 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 325 (1910).
An egg, said to be that of the Blue-winged Tanager, resembles the
eggs of C. cucullata described above, but is larger and the markings
are less numerous, while some of the larger spots are of a dark
purplish-brown. It measures *98 by *7.
1. [Venezuela.] Crowley Bequest.
Calospiza atricapilla (Lafr.}.
Calliste atricapilla, Scl. Mon. Callist. p. 73 (1 857) ; Scl. $ Salv. P Z S
1879, p. 499 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 136 (1886).
Calospiza atricapilla, Sharpe., Hand-l. v. p. 372 (1909).
Two eggs of the Black-capped Tanager are of a broad pointed oval
shape and devoid of gloss. They are pale greenish-white. One
example is thickly mottled and speckled, especially at the larger
end, with brown and lilac-grey ; the other is thickly mottled with
304
lilac and sparingly spotted with deep reddish-brown. In the
latter specimen the markings form a very broad, but ill-defined
zone round the broad end. They measure respectively : '72 by -6 ;
and *74 by *6.
2. Frontino, Antinquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus STEPHANOPHORUS, Strickland.
Stephanophorus leucocephalus (VieilL).
(Plate XIII. fig. 11.)
Stephanophorus leucocephalus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 143 (1886) ;
Scl. # Hudson, Arg. Orn. i. p. 38 (1888) ; Sharpe, Hand- 1. v. p. 373
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 325 (1910).
An egg said to be that of the White-capped Tanager is of a
rather long oval form and somewhat glossy. It is greenish- white,
densely mottled all over the shell with olive-brown, which nearly
obscures the ground-colour ; there are also a number of scattered
blackish-brown surface-markings. It measures 1*05 by *69.
1. liio Grande do Sid (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Genus PffiCILOTHRAUPIS, Cab.
Poecilothraupis lunulata (Du Bus).
Fcecilothraupis lunulata, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 144 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Uaml-L v. p. 374 (1909).
Two eggs said to be those of the Black-throated Tanager are of
a wide oval shape, rather pointed at the smaller end, and some-
what glossy. The ground-colour is pale greenish-white densely
and finely mottled all over, but more especially at the larger end,
with small reddish-brown and violet-grey spots. One egg measures
•82 by -65.
2. Bogota, U.S. Colombia ( Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll).
Genus TAN AGRA, Linn.
Tanagra episcopus, Linn.
Tanag a episcopus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 154 (1886); Shar±e,
Hatid-l. v. p. 377 (1909) ; A'ehi-k. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 326 (1910).
An egg said to be that of the Guiana Blue Tanager is of a
rather broad shape, somewhat pointed at the smaller end, and
distinctly glossy. The ground-colour is white tinged with green
TAX AGRA. 305
rather thickly marked all ovor with lavender-grey and pale brown,
and with a few markings and spots of deep chocolate-brown
scattered over the shell. It measures -89 by -66.
1. [British Guiana.] Crowley Bequest.
Tanagra major, Berlepsch $ Stolzmann.
Tanagra maj >r, Sharp?, Hand-l. v. p. 377 (1909).
Tunagra ccelestis, Sclater, Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 155 (1886) [part,, Peru];
Nerhrk. (nee Spix) Kat. Eiersamml p. 32(3 (1910).
An egg of the Blue-grey Tanager is of a spheroidal form and
slightly glossy. It is white, thickly spotted all over with lilac-
grey and with conspicuous scattered surface-spots of deep brown,
the markings being most numerous towards the larger end. It
measures -78 by -65.
1. Peru (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Tanagra cana, Swains.
Tanagra cana, ScL fy Salo. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 503 ; Salo. $ Godm. Biol.
Centr.-Amer., Aves< i. p. 277 (1883) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 156
(1886); Nehrk. Kat. Elersamml. p. 95 (1899), p. 326 (1910);
Ihering, Rev. Mm. Paulista, iv. p. 209 (1900); Ridgw. Birds
North Sf Middle Amer. ii. p. 55 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 377
(1910).
Some eggs of the Silver-blue Tanager are of a blunt oval shape,
approaching the elliptical, and without gloss. The ground is
cream-colour, but this is almost entirely concealed from view by
the markings, which consist of more or less confluent «6mears,
streaks and clouds of two or more shades of rich brown. Some
examples are also minutely spotted with dark reddish-brown, almost
black in intensity. Other eggs collected by Blancaneaux are of a
somewhat narrow oval shape and are less densely marked, quite
half the ground-colour being visible. They are speckled and
mottled with brown, purplish-brown and lavender-grey. Some of
these have hair-lines of a dark colour at the broad end. Specimens
measure from *83 to 1 in length, and from *6 to *66 in breadth.
2. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
3. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia ( T. K. Salmon).
1. Costa Rica, 16th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.
2. Irazu, Costa Rica, May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.
2. Irazu, May. Mr. C, F. Underwood [C.
4. Cuadros de San Pedro, Costa Rica, Crowley Bequest.
J une & July (C. F. U.).
5. Brit. Honduras (.F. Blancaneaux). Salvin-Godman Coll.
VOL. v. x
306 TANAGRIDJS.
Tanagra cyanaptera ( Vieill.}.
Tanap-ra cyanoptera, &cl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 157 (1886) Nehrk.
Kai. Eiersamml. p. 95 (1899), p. 326 V1910) ; Iheriny, Rev. Mus.
Paulista, iv. p. 209 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 378 (1909).
Two egg8 of the Blue-shouldered Tanager resemble those of
T. ornata*, and differ entirely from those of the other species of the
genus represented in the Collection. They are pale blue, sparingly
marked all over with small, well-defined, roundish spots of very
dark purplish-black. One example measures -9 by '7.
2. Rio de Janeiro. Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].
Tarajra :ayaca, Linn.
(Plate XIII. figs. 5 & 8.)
Tana°ra sayaca, Eider, J.f. O. 1867, p. 410; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi.
p. 158 (1886): Berlepsch, J.f. O. 1887, pp. 6, 115; Eider, Rev,
Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 20 (1900) ; Iheriny, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv.
pp. 153, 209 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 378 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 326 (1910); Chubb, Ibis, 1910, p. 625.
Eggs of the Grey-breasted Tanager vary in shape from a very
long pointed oval to nearly spheroidal. The ground varies from
white to creamy- white or greenish-white. In some examples the
markings are remarkably like those found in the commonest type
of Passer domesticus, the entire shell being thickly clouded and
blotched with grey-brown and umber-brown. In others a large
part of the ground-colour is visible, the markings, which consist
of cloudings, spots and streaks of purplish-grey and dark purplish-
brown, being mostly confined to the larger end of the shell. In a
third type all the markings are fine and there are no very distinct
dark spots or streaks, the larger end of the shell being surrounded
by a heavy clouded /one. They vary from -87 to 1-1 in length, and
from '61 to -67 in breadth.
3.
1.
2.
2.
O
<2.
i!
i.
Sapucay, Paraguay, 4th Nov.
Sapucay, 24th Nov.
Sapucay, 25th Nov.
Sapucay, 30th Nov.
Sapucay, 1st Dec.
Sapucay, llth Dec.
Sapucay.
Sapucay.
Mr. W. Foster fC."
Mr. W. Foster [C.'
Mr. W. Foster [0.'
Mr. W. Foster [C."
Mr. W. Foster [0."
Mr. W. Foster i C.
Mr. W. Foster [C.J
Mr. W. Foster [CV
* The eggs of both this species and T. cyanoptera presented by Mr. Fry
were accompanied by skins of the birds, and there is therefore no reason to
doubt their authenticity.
TANAGRA. 307
Tanagra melanop!^ra, Sclater.
Tanaprra palinaruni, Scl. $ Salv. (nee Max.} P. Z. S. 1879, p. 500 ; Salv.
,V Godm. Viol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 279 (1883) [part.] ; Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 159 (1880) [part.].
Tanagra palmaruni rnelanoptera, llidgw. Birds of North Sf Middle Amer.
ii. p. 58 (1902) ; Bcrlepsch % Hartert, Nov. Zool. ix. p. 20 (1902).
Tauagra melauoptera, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 378 (1909).
Two eggs of the Black-winged Tanager vary considerably, One
example is nearly a perfect ellipse in shape, cream-coloured, and
very thickly freckled all over with pale brown and lavender. At the
broader end there are a few fine hair-lines of black. The second
example is of a pointed oval shape, cream-coloured, densely mottled
all over with pale brown, dark brown and lavender-grey. They
measure respectively : -91 by -64 ; -93 by -65.
2. Remedies, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Sa'mon).
Tanagra ornata,
Tanagra ornata, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 161 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersammi. p. 96 (1899) ; Iheriny, Rev. Mm. Paulista, iv. p. 209
(1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 378 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 326 (1910).
An egg of the Archbishop Tanager is of a long pointed oval form,
and displays scarcely any gloss. It is white, thickly clouded and
blotched all over the shell with purplish-grey, with scattered spots,
streaks and irregular markings of deep purplish-brown. It
measures I'l by "71.
1. Iguape, Sao Paulo, 4th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
Tanagra abbas, Licht.
Tanagra vicarius, Bonap. ; Scl. $• Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 16, pi. v. fig. 1.
Tanagra abbas, Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,i. p. 278(1883) ;
Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 162 (1886) ; Ridgway, Birds North 8f
Middle Amer. ii. p. 60 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 378 (1909).
The eggs of the Blue-headed Tanager resemble those of Calospiza
atricapilla in many respects. They are of a broad oval shape,
and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-colour
is dull greenish-white rather thickly marked, especially at the
broad end, where the markings are more or less confluent, with
spots and blotches of brown and lavender-grey and with a few specks
and spots of very deep chocolate-brown. Two examples measure
respectively -87 by -67 ; -89 by -65.
2. Duenas, Guatemala, 30th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(O. Salvin).
x2
308 TANAGRID^E.
Tanagra bonariensis (Gmel.).
Tanagm striata, Gmel. ; Tacz. Orn. Perou, ii. p. 489 (1884).
Tanngra bonarien&is, Sol. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 164 (1886) ; Sliarpc,
Hand-l. v. p. 370 (1909) ; Nehrk, Kat. Eicrsamml p, 326 (1910).
An egg of the Blue-and-Yellow Tanager resembles those of
T. abbas, described above, but is somewhat larger and the dark
.specks and rounded spots on the larger end are deep black. It
measures about 1-05 by '68.
1. Rio Grande do Sul (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Germs SPOROTHRAUPIS, Eidcjiv.
Sporothraupis auricrissa (Selater).
(Plate XIII. fig. 10.)
Tanagra cyanocephnla, Scl. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 501 ; Sd. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 102 (1886) [part,].
Sporothraupis auricrissa, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 379 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 326 (1910).
The eggs of the Blue-capped Tanager are of a narrow oval shape
and exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are cream-colour, boldly
spotted and blotched with lilac-brown, purplish-brown and lavender-
grey. The markings are generall}' more numerous towards the
larger end of the egg, and sometimes form an ill-defined cap.
Four examples measure respectively: 1*02 by *7; I'Ol by *67 ;
1-04 by -64; -92 by -68.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
1. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godmari Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon}.
2. Santa Elena (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godnian Coll.
Genus SPIHDALIS, Jard. $ Selby.
Spindalis nigricephala (Jameson).
Tanagra zena, Gossc, Birds Jamaica, p. 231 (1847).
Spindalis nigricephala, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 166 (1886) ; Ridyw.
Bird* North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 64 (1902).
Spindalis bilineata, Jard. fy Selby ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 380 (1909).
Eggs of the Cashew Bird or Jamaican Spindalis vary in form
from subspheroidal to a somewhat long oval, pointed at the smaller
end. They are devoid of gloss. In two eggs the ground-colour is
greenish-white heavily, marked and blotched all over with burnt-
umber and with underlying spots and blotches of paler grej'ish-
brown, the markings being thickest towards the larger end, where
they almost obscure the ground-colour. They measure respectively
RHAMPUOCOELFS. 309
•81 by -68 ; '89 by '65. In a third egg the markings, which arc
much smaller and less numerous, are reddish. brownish and reddish
lilac. It measures '79 by '0.
2. [Jamaica] (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. [Jamaica.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus RHAMPHOCCELUS, Desm.
Rhamphoccelus brasilius (Linn.').
(Hate XIII. fig. 15.)
L'amphocelus brasilius, Enter, J. f. O. 1867, p. 409; id., Rev. Mus.
Paulista, iv. p. '20 (1900).
Rhamphncceliis brasilius, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 170 (1886) ; Iheriny,
Rco. Mus. Panlistn, iv. p. 210 (1910 ); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 381
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kai. Eiersamml. p. 326 (1910).
Four eggs of the Brazilian Tanager are of a broad oval shape, and
slightly glossy. They are pale blue, sparingly marked with spots
of deep black, and with small underlying markings of blackish-grey
and grey. They measure respectively : '9 by -7 ; '9 by '72 ; '9 by
•68; -88 by -68.
2. Eiode Janeiro. Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].
2. Iguape, Sao Paulo, 7th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
Rhamphocoelus nigrignlaris (Spiv).
Ramphoccelus nigiijrularis, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 180 [Upper
Ucajalil.
Rhamplioccelus mgrigularis, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 171 (1886)
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 381 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiermmml. p. 326
(1910).
Two eggs of the Black-throated Tanager are similar to those of
11. brasilius but somewhat smaller. They measure respectively *88
by -58 and -82 by -62.
1. Upper Amazonia (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Upper Ucayali (E. Bartlett ; Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Ehamphoccelus dimidiatus, Lafr.
Kaniplioccelus dimidiatus, Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 326 ; Scl. # Salv.
P.Z.S. 1879, p. 501; Salv. # Godm. Biol Ccntr.-Amcr., Ares, i.
p. 283 (1883).
Illminphoccelus dimidiatus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 172 (1886) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 96 (1899), p. 326 (1910) ; Allen, Bull.
Amer. Mus. xxi. p. 293 (1905) ; Sharpe, Iland-L v. p. 381 (1909).
The eggs of the Red-bellied Tanager are of a normal oval shape
and fairly glossy. They are pale blue, sparingly spo.tted and
810 TANA.GRIDJ3.
marked with lines of deep chocolate-brown or black and a few
specks of lavender-grey. Two specimens in the Collection are
marked with spots only ; the other two with both spots and lines.
They measure respectively : -9 by -68 ; '9 by -65 ; -85 by '65 ; -85
by -65.
1. U.S., Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Kemedios, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon}.
1. Remedies (T. K S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Rhamphoccelus jacapa (Linn.).
Rarnphocelus jacapa, Tacz. P. Z. S. 1882, p. 14.
Rhamphoccelus jacapa, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 174 (1886) ; Sharps,
Hand-L v. p. 382 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 326 (1910).
Two eggs of the Bed-breasted Tanager are of exactly the same
type as those already described. They measure respectively *85
by -65 and -9 by '72.
2. Venezuela (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Khamphocoelus passerinii, Bonap.
Rhamphocoelus passerinii, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i.
p. 281 (1883) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 176 (1886) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 96 (1899), p. 329 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 382 (1909).
Ramphocoelus passerinii, Richm. P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 489 (1893) ;
Ridgw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. ii. p. 109 (1902).
Eggs of the Lesser Red-rumped Tanager are inseparable from
those of R. dimidiatus. Almost all are entirely wanting in line-
markings. They measure respectively : *96 by *7 ; '92 by -7 ; '89
by -65.
3. British Honduras (F. Blanc- Salvin-Godman Coll.
aneaux).
1. Cacbi, Costa Rica, 28th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
2. Veragua (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Chiriqui, Veragua (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
2. Chiriqui (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Khamphoccelus costaricensis, Cherrie.
Rarnphoccelus costaricensis, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. ii.
p. Ill (1902).
Rhamphocoelus costaricensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 382 (1909).
Three eggs of Cherrie's Tanager scarcely differ from those of
R. passerinii, but the markings, which are mostly confined to the
cap, are more confluent and irregular. They measure respectively :
3 by '63 ; -89 by *63 ; -88 by -61.
RHAMPIIOCIELUS. — PYUAXGA. 311
1. Pico Azul, S.W. Costa Rici, Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
June.
2. rico Azul, June. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Rhamphocoelus flanimigerus, Jard. fy Selly.
Rhamphoccelus flanmiigerus, Scl. $ Solo. P.Z.S. 1879, p. 501, pi. xlii.
fig. 3; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 177 (1886) j Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 96 (1899), p. 327 (1910) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 383
(1909).
The eggs of the Larger lled-rumped Tanager resemble those of
li. dimidiatus. One example is marked with spots only; the others
in the Collection are marked with spots and with some short
crooked lines. They measure respectively : 1 by -7 ; 1-05 by 72 ;
1 by -7 ; 1 by '69 ; 1-07 by -66.
1. Antioqnia, U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Medellin, Antioquia (T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salmon).
2. Medellin (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Khamphoccelus icterom/Ais, Bonap.
llhamphoccelus icterouotus, Scl. $ Salt). P. Z. S. 1879, p. 501 ; Salv. £
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Ares, i. p. 282 (1883) ; Sel. Cat. Bird*
B. M. xi. p. 177 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 96 (1899), p. 327
(1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 383 (1909).
The eggs of the Yellow-rnmpcd Tanager resemble those of
If. passer inii, but are rather more spotted. Four examples measure
respectively : -97 by '71 ; '95 by -7 ; '95 by -69 ; -91 by '66.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
1. Antioquia, U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Remedio.a, Antioquia (T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salmon).
Genus PYRANGA, Vieill.
Pyranga aestiva (Linn.).
Pyransa lestiva, Brewer, Bull. Nult. Orn. C. iv. p. 213 (1879) ; Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 182 (1886); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 384 (1909J ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 327 (1910;.
Piranga r libra rubra, Ridgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. ii. p. 79
(1902).
Three eggs of the Summer-Tanager are of a regular oval shape
and somewhat glossy. They have the ground-colour greenish -blue,
freckled or spotted with various shades of brown and lilac-grey,
mostly concentrated in an irregular zone round the larger end.
They measure respectively : '94 by -05 ; '85 by -68; -84 by -65.
312
Brewer records eggs with the ground-colour of " a light shade of
emerald-green, marked with various shades of brown, more or less
tinged with lilac, purple and slate."
.3. Near Kansas Citv. Missouri, 18th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
June. [P.].
Pyranga rubra (Linn.}.
(Plate XIII. fig. 12.)
Pyranga rubra, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, i. p. 435
(1874) ; Salo. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,i. p. 287 (1883) ;
Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 188 (183(5) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 96 (1899), p. 327 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 386 (1909).
liranga erythromelas, Ridgiv. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. ii. p. 88
(1902).
The eggs of the Scarlet Tanager are of a broad oval shape and
exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are pale greenish- blue,
thickly spotted and blotched with pale reddish-brown and lilac-
grey. The markings are more numerous as well as larger at the
broad end, and in oue example form a large ill-defined cap.
They measure from *85 to *96 in length, and from '68 to *72 in
breadth.
2. North America (Henshaiv Coll.). Salvin-Godmam Coll.
1. Pennsylvania (C. J. Pennock). Princeton "diversity, N.J.
1. New Jersey (D. G. Elliot : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
3. Eastford, Connecticut, 6th June Crowley Bequest.
(Rev. J. Jones}.
4. Ilyds Park, Illinois, 2nd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Pyranga bidentata, Swains.
Pyranga bidentata, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aic-s, i. p.
(1883); Scl. Cut. Birds B. M. xi. p. 190 (1886) [part.J ; She
296
inrpe,
Hand-L v. p. 386 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 327 (1910). _
Piranga bidentata bidentata, Itidgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 95 (1902).
An egg of Swainson's Tanager is of a regular oval shape and
slightly glossy. The ground-colour is pale greenish-blue sparingly
marked, almost entirely at the larger end, with small spots of
purplish-black and lilac-grey. It measures '97 by '72.
1. Escasu, Costa Rica, 19th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
PIKENICOTIIRAUPIS.— TACHTPHONUS. 313
Genus PHCENICOTHRAUPIS, Cab.
Phoenicothraupis rubicoides (Lafr.).
Phoeiiicothraupifi rubicoides, Salv. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aues, i.
p. 300 (183:3); Scl. Cat: Birds B. M. xi. p. 197 (1886); Sliarpe,
HantU.v. p. 869(1909).
Phcenicothraupis rubica rubicoides, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle
Amer. ii. p. 144 (1902).
The eggs of the Mexican Ant-Tanager appear to be of two types.
Those taken by Salviu in Guatemala are of an ordinary oval shape
and slightly glossy. They are white, thickly mottled, but chiefly
at the broad end, with pale brownish-yellow and faint lavender.
They measure respectively : -92 by '67 ; '9 by -7 ; -94 by -68.
Eggs taken by Blancaneaux in British Honduras are of a
narrow oval shape and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss.
They are plain white, and measure respectively : 1 by '69 ; 1 by '67.
3. Forest of Vera Paz, Guatemala, Sal vin-Godman Coll.
March (O. Salvin).
2. British Honduras (F. Blanc- Salvin-Godman Coll.
aneau;v).
Phrenic othraupis gutturalis, Sclater.
Plicenicothraiipis gutturalis, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 502, pi. xlii.
fig. 4 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 201 (1886) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 390 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 327 (1910).
An egg of the Red-throated Black Tanager is of an elongated
oval shape and slightly glossy. It is white, thickly speckled and
mottled, especially at the broad end, with dull reddish-brown and
pale lavender. It measures 1 by '7.
1. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus TACHYPHONUS, Vieill.
Tachyphonus rufus (Bodd.\
Tacliyphonus rufus, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. iii. p. 359 (1891) ; Ihermg ,
Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 210 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 392
(1909) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 327 (1910).
Ta-hyplionusmgenimus, Euler, J. f. O. 1897, p. 408.
Tachyphonus melaleucus, Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 503, pi. xlii. fig. 5 ;
Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves. i. p. 309 (1 883) ; ' Sc/.
Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 236 (1886).
Tachyphonus melanoleucus, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 97 (1899).
The eggs of the Black Tanager vary in shape from a narrow
to a broad oval and exhibit a small amount of gloss. They are
greyish-pink, marked with some isolated spots, blotches, and
twisted lines of the deepest chocolate-brown or black. The
314 TAN A 6 RID JE.
edges of the blotches are frequently reddish and blend with the
surrounding ground-colour. The underlying markings are few and
inconspicuous and consist of spots and veins of pale lavender.
Five examples measure from '95 to 1-03 in length, and from -7 to
*78 in breadth.
2. U.S. Colombia (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S.O. (T. K. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salmon}.
2. Medellin (T. K. &)• Salvin-Gcdman Coll.
1. Venezuela. \V. Badclitfe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Venezuela (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. San Esteban. Crowley Bequest.
Tachyphonus coronatus ( FiellL).
(Plate XIII. fig. 14.)
Tachyphonus coronatus, Set. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 213 (1883);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 97 (1899), p. 327 (1910,; Eider, Rev.
Mm. Paulistn, iv. p. 21 (1900) ; Ihering, Rev. Mm. Paulista, iv.
p. 210 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 392 (1909).
Eggs of the lled-crested Black Tanager in the Collection are of a
blunt oval form and slightly glossy. They are pale salmon-pink,
spotted, blotched and smeared with reddish-brown and chocolate-
brown. Pour examples measure respectively : '93 by '71 ; *9 by
•67; '89 by -68; -86 by -68.
2. Rio de Janeiro Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.],
1. Rio de Janeiro (Nelrkom Coll.) Crowley Bequest.
1. Iguape, Sao Paulo, 4th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
Genus TRICHOTHRAUPIS, Cab.
Trichothraupis melanops, Vieill.
(Plate XIII. fig. 13.)
Trichotliraupis quadri color, Vieill. ; Scl Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 220 (1886).
Trichothraupis melanops, Euler, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 22 (1900) ;
Ihcriny, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 211 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 395 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 328 (1910).
Two eggs of the Yellow-crested Tanager are of a regular blunt
oval form and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour of one is
pinkish-white, marked at the broader end with spots and patches
of brownish-red and lavender, overlying which are a few short
scrolls and spots of deep purplish-black. The other example has
the ground-colour pink, marked all over the shell with fine spots
and larger patches of Indian-red and with some spots and fine
lines of dark reddish-brown scattered over the entire surface.
They measure respectively '9 by '71 and '88 by '72.
Iguape, Sao Paulo, 23rd Oct. Crowley Bequest.
CHLORCSPINGrS. HEWISPJKGUS. 1315
Genus CHLOROSPINGUS, Cat.
Chlorospingus regionalis, Bangs.
Chlorospingua regionalis, Bangs, Proc. JBioL Soc. Washington, xix. p. 112
(1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 401 (1909).
Cblorospingua albiteiuporalis, Sclater, Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 239 (1886)
[part.].
Chlorospiugus albitempora, Nehrk. (nee Lafr.} Kat Eicrsamml. p. £28
An egg of the Costa Rica Chlorospinyus is of a rather blunt oval
shape and slightly glossy. The ground is white, spotted and finely
marked all over with Indian-red and pale lavender, the markings
being much more numerous towards the broad end, where they
form an irregular zone. It measures "82 by *64.
1. Escasu, Costa Rica, 4th June. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Chlorospingus flavipectus (Lafr.}.
Chlorospingus flavipectus, Scl. # Salv. P. Z. S. 1379, p. 503, pi. xlii. fig. 6;
Sri. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 242 (1886) ; Sharpe 9 Hand-l. v. p. 402
(1809).
Five eggs of the Yellow- breasted Chlorospingus are of a blunt
oval form and devoid of gloss. They are creamy white, thickly
speckled and mottled, especially at the broad end where a cap is
formed, with chestnut-brown and lilac-grey. They measure respec-
tively: -83 by -6 ; -81 by -61 ; -8 by '62 ; -8 by -61 ; -79 by -6.
1. U.S.Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon}.
2. Santa Elena (T. K. S.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus HEMISPINGUS, Cab.
Hemispingus rubrirostris (Lafr.}.
Chloro^pinpus rubrirostris, Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 504; Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 246 (1886); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 97
(1899).
Ilemispingus rubrirostris, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 403 (1909).
An egg of the Red-billed Tanager is of a regular oval shape and
exhibits a small amount of gloss. It is creamy- white, thickly
mottled over the broader half of the egg, sparingly elsewhere, with
very pale reddish-brown and lavender. The markings form a dense
cap at the broad end. It measures '9 by *67.
1. Santa Elfna, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon}.
316 TANAGKIDJE. rLOCEIDJL.
Genus P8ITTOSPIZA, Bonap.
Psittospiza riefferi (Boiss.).
Psitt spiza riefferi, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 505, pi. xlii. fig. 8 ;
Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 281 (1886) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 4015
(1909).
An egg of Rieffer's Tanager is nearly elliptical in shape, the two
ends being much alike, and moderately glossy. It is greyish-white,
thickly mottled and freckled, especially at the broader end, with
pale brown and lavender-grey. It measures 1-18 by '8.
1. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
Colombia ('/'. K. Salmon).
Genus ORCHESTICUS, Cab.
Orchesticus abeillei (Less.).
(Plate XIII. fig. 6.)
Orchesticus abeillii, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 297 (1886) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 407 (1909).
Two eggs of the Brown Tanager are of a very regular oval shape
and without gloss. They are white with a slight tinge of pink,
marked with large blotches of pale chestnut, smaller blotches of
deep reddish-brown and a few specks of lavender. The markings
are chiefly confined to the broad end of the egg. They measure
respectively : '83 by -65 ; -81 by '63.
2. Rio de Janeiro. Alexander Fry, Esq. [P.].
Family PLOCEID^E.
Genus DIATROPURA, OberJi.
Diatropura progne (Bodd.).
(Plate XIV. fig. 1.)
Chera progne, Gurney, Ibis, 1868, p. 465; Layard, Ibis, 1869, p. 74;
Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 458 (1875-84) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 213 (1890).
Chera procne, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 338.
Coliopasssr procne, Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 139 (1900).
Coliuspasser progne, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 32 (1905).
Diatropura progne, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 144 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 410 (1909).
Diatropura procne, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 329 (1910).
Eggs of the Great-tailed Widow-bird are of a regular oval shape
DIATROPUKA. - COLIOSTKUTHUS. iU7
and somewhat glossy. The ground-colour is pale greenish-white,
spotted and blotched all over with olive-brown, or brown and grey,
soiretimes forming a zone or cap at the larger end. In soruo
specimens the markings are smaller and less numerous and much
of the ground-colour is visible. Others ore very heavily marked.
They vary in length from -81 to -88, and in breadth from -62
to -05.
3. Transvaal (T. Ayres : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Co//.).
2. Johannesburg, 12th Dec. C. C. Roberts, Esq. [P.].
kop, Orange .River Colony, Major R. Sparrow [E,].
25th Nov.
3. Doornkop, Orange River Colony, Major R. Sparrow
25th Nov.
0. Mooi River, Natal, Dec. Major R, Sparrow [E.].
1. Estcourt, Natal, Hlh Jan. G. A. K. Marshall, Esq. [I
1. Ereie, Griqualand East, 25th Dec. G. A. K. Marshall, Esq. [1
Genus COLIOSTRUTHUS, Sunclev.
Coliostruthus ardens (BodcL).
(Plate XIV. fig. 2.)
Vidua rubritorques, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 211.
Yulua ardens, Sharpe, ed. Laijard, Birds S. Africa, p. 455 (1875-84) :
f It. B. $ I. D. S. Woodward, Ibis, 1897, p. 410.
Pentketria ardens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 215 (1890).
Coliopasser ardens, Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 142 (1900) ; Sparrow f
J. S. Afr. Orn. U. i. p. 10 (1905) ; Ellemon, t. c. p. 18, pi. iii. ;
Bucknill 8f Gronvold, t. c. ii. p. 1, pi. i. fig. 1 (1906).
Coliuspasper ardens, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 135 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. iv. p. 40 (1905).
Coliostruthus ardens, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 410 (1909); Nehrh. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 329 (1910).
Eggs of the Red-collared Widow-bird are of a regular oval shape
and distinctly glossy. They are bluish-green, finely spotted and
mottled, especially towards the larger end, with pale umber-brown
and lavender-grey. In some specimens the markings are somewhat
larger arid form small blotches. They vary from *72 to '76 in
length, and from *54 to *55 in breadth.
The little white-speckled eggs attributed to this species by
Messrs. Woodward have no doubt been incorrectly identified (t. c.).
?.. Willow Grange, Natal, 30th Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
2. Highlands, Natal, 23rd Dec. Major R. Sparrow f E.].
2. Kareiga, Cape Colony, Nov. (B. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [0.1
E.J.).
2. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, Nov. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.I.
(L. Palmer}.
3. Blaauw Krantz, Dec. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.I.
2. Blaauw Krantz, Dec. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. I 0.1,
2. Blaauw Krantz, Jan. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
318 PLOCEFPJ3.
Genus UROBRACHYA, Bonap.
Urobrachya axillaris (Smith}.
(Plate XIV. fig. 4.)
Vidua axillaris, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 211.
Penthetria axillaris, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p, 461
(1875-84).
Urobrachya axillaris, Butler, Fellden # Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 298 ; Sharps,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 224 (1890) ; St.ark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds,
i. p. 134 (1900); Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 129 (1904); Shelley, Birds
Afr. iv. p. 60 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 412 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 329 (1910).
The eggs of the Red-shouldered Widow-bird are of a regular
oval shape and fairly glossy. They are bluish-green, blotched and
smeared with various shades of brown and pale lavender-grey.
The markings are more or less confluent at the large end and form
an irregular cap. They measure from '71 to '85 in length, and
from *53 to * 6 in breadth.
3. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [ C.].
4. Natal, Dec. Capt. Savile Reid [P.I
2. Mooi River, Natal, 13th Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
3. Mooi River, 15th Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
3. Mooi River, 30th March. Major R. Sparrow [E.]
Urobrachya phcenicea (Heugl.).
Urobrachya phcenicea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 225 (1890) ;
Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 338; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 130 (1904) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 413 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 329
(1910).
Urobrachya axillaris, Kuschel (nee Smith), J.J. O. 1895, p. 337.
Two eggs of Heuglin's Fan-tailed Widow-bird resemble those of
U. axillaris, but are smaller. They measure respectively : -7 by
•52; -74 by -57.
1. East Africa (Fischer). Crowley Bequest.
1. [East Africa.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus PYROMELANA, Bonap.
Pyromelana flammiceps (Swains.).
Euplectes flammiceps, Fischer # Reich. J.f. O. 1878, p. 263.
T-fc 1 C\ • TT 77 T f S~\ 1 O r* ET __ OO'T f.
Pyromelana flammiceps, Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 337 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 228 (1890) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 118 (1904) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 104 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 414
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 329 (1910).
Eggs of the Eire-crowned Bishop-bird are of a regular oval form,
PYEGWEIAUA. 319
sometimes slightly pointed at the ends, and distinctly glossy. They
are pale blue. or greenish-blue and generally uniform, but occa-
sionally there are a few minute dots of black scattered over the
shell. They vary from "69 to *75 in length, and from '52 to '55 in
breadth.
] . Abutja, Niger River, Sept. R. Kemp, Esq. [C.j.
1. Gaboon ( Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Bitye, near Ja River, Cameroon, G. L. Bates, Esq. [C.].
18th Nov
2. AVitu, B. E. Africa. Crowley Bequest.
4. \Vitu, May. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.I.
11. Ruo River, B. C. Africa. A. B. Percival, Esq. [C.].
Pyromelana nigriventer ( Cassin).
Pyromelana nigriventris, Fischer, J. f. O. 1877, p. 171 ; S/iarpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p, 230 (1890) ; Kuschel, J.f. 0. 1895, p. 337 ; Reich.
Yog. Afr. iii. p. 125 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 89 (1905).
Pyromelana nigriventer, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 414 (1909) ; Xehrk. Kat.
Eiersamtnl. p. 330 (1910;.
Four eggs of the Black-bellied Bishop-bird are of an oval or
somewhat pointed oval shape and distinctly glossy. The ground-
colour is pale greenish-blue. Two examples are sparingly marked
with scattered dots of lavender-grey and darker grey ; the other
two are plain. They measure respectively : *66 by *48 ; '65 by '48 ;
•64 by -5 ; -64 by '49.
2. Witu, B. E. Africa Crowley Bequest.
2. Witu. Crowley Bequest.
Pyrcmelana orix (Linn.}.
Fringilla orvx. Thien. Fortpflanz. aes. Vcc. p. 432. tab. xxxvi. fig. 9
(1845-54).
Euplectes sundevalli, Gurne\i, Ibis, 18C8, p. 465.
Euplectes oryx, Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 381.
Pyromelana orvx, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S.Africa, p. 462 (1875-84);
id., Cat, Birds B. M. xiii. r. 230 (1890) ; Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895,
p. 337 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersumml p. 124 (1«99) ; Stark, Fauna
S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 126 (1900) ; Duncan, J. S. Afr. Orn. U. i. p. 67
(1906).
Pyromelana orix, Reich. Voy.Afr. iii. p. 120 (1904) : Shelley, Birds Afr.
iv. p. 95 (1905); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 414 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 330 (1910).
The eggs of the Red Bishop-bird are chiefly of a blunt oval form.
They are greenish-blue and have a considerable amount of gloss.
Some specimens exhibit a few very. faint brown lines or specks.
They vary greatly in size, the largest in the series measuring
•83 by -59, and the smallest -63 by -5.
4. South Africa (E. L. Layard : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. South Africa. Gould Coll.
320 PLOCEID^E.
5. South Africa. W. Radcliffe Saundcrs. Esq.
[P.].
6. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
4. South Africa. J. D. S. Paivy-Evans, Esq. [P.].
2. Pondoland. Crowley Bequest.
8. Winterberg District, Cape Colony, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Jan. (Moorcraft).
3 Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 19th Nov. Colonel A. T. Sloiygett [P.].
(E. Seimund # C. H. B. Grant).
2. Deelfontein, 19th Nov. (E. S. & Colonel A. T. Sloggett [P.l.
C. H. B. G.).
1. Deelfontein, 19th Nov. (E. S. &• Colonel A. T. Sloggett fP.1
C. H. B. G.).
2. Kuruman, British Bechuanaland, R. B. Woosnam & R. E. Dont,
19th Dec. Esqrs. [C.].
2. Kuruman, 19th Dec. R. B. Woosnam & R. E. Dent,
Esqrs. [C.].
2. Ondonga, Ovampolaud, Feb. (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Andersson: Tristram Coll.].
6. Transvaal ( T. Ayres : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Co//.).
G. Johannesburg, Transvaal, Dec. C. C. Roberts, Esq. [P.J.
2. Johannesburg, Dec. C. C. Robert-*, Esq. [P.J.
2. Koodoo's Poort, Transvaal, 13th Hon. J. A. Bucknill [P.].
Jan. (C. B. Horsbrugh).
1. Ruo River, B. C. Africa. A. B. Percival, Esq. [C.].
Pyromelana frandscana (Isert).
(Plato XIV. fig. 3.)
Euplectes franciscanus, Heuyl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. pt. 2, p. 571 (1870).
Pyromelana franciscana, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 233 (1890) ;
Kendall, Ibis, 1892, p. 220; Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 337 ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 124 (1899), p. 330 (1910) ; Reich. Voi/. Afr. iii.
p. 122 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 90 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 415 (1909).
Eggs of the Red-throated Bishop-bird are of a regular oval shape,
very glossy, and of a pale blue colour. They measure from "7 to -75
in length, and from '5 to '53 in breadth.
1. Senegambia (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. River Gambia, \V. Africa, 7th Dr. P. Kendall [P.].
Aug.
3. Omdurman, White Nile. Capt. H. N. Dunn [P.].
Pyromelana diademata ( Fischer $• Reichenow).
Pyromelana diademata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 236 (1890)*
id., Hand-l. v. p. 416 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 330 (1910).
An egg said to that of the Fire-fronted Bishop-bird is of rather
a wide oval shape and distinctly glossy. The ground-colour is palo
greenish- white, rather profusely marked over the greater part of
the shell with distinct dots of reddish-chestnut and lilac-grey.
321
It measures -f)f) by '44. This specimen agrees exactly with Iho
description and measurements given by Nehrkorn.
1. Zanzibar. Crowley Bequest.
Pyromelana capensis (Linn.).
(Plate XLV. fig. 6.)
Pu-omelana capensis, Sharpe, cd. Layard, Birth S. Africa, p. 463
(1875-84): id., Cat. Birth B. If. xiii. p. 236 (1800)'; Kehrk. Kat.
Eienamml. p. 124 (1899), p. 330 (1910); Stark, Fauna S. Aft:,
Bird*, i. p. 130 H900) ; Shelley, Birds Air. iv. p. 73 (1905) ; Sharpe.
Hand-L v. p. 416 (1909).
Orynx capensis, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 337.
Euplectes capensis, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 126 (1904).
Eggs of the Black- and- Yellow Bishop-bird are almost elliptical
in shape, the two ends being bnt very slightly dissimilar ; they are
somewhat glossy. They are of a pale-green colour, thickly blotched
and streaked with ash-brown and pale pnrplish-grey. The markings
are more or less confluent over the whole shell. They measure
from '75 to -88 in length, and from *58 to '63 in breadth.
6. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
2. South Africa. J. D. S. Parry-Evans, Esq. [P.],
3. South Africa (E. L. Z.). Crowley Bequest.
Pyromelana approximans (Cahanis}.
PyromeLina minor (Rcichenb.), Sharpe, Cat. Birch B. M. xiii. p. 238
(1890).
Euplectes capensis approximans, Reich. Vo<j. Afr. iii. p. 127 (1904).
Pyromelana capensis minor, Sparrow, J. S. Afr. Orn. U. i. p. 10 (1905).
Pyromelana approximaus, Shnrpe, Hand-l. v. p. 416 (1909).
One egg of the Lesser Black-and- Yellow Bishop-bird is similar
in shape, colour, and markings to some of ihose of P. wpensis.
It measures -8 by -56.
1. Highlands, Natal, 27th Dec. Mrjor R. Sparrow [E.].
Pyromelana taha (Smith).
(Plate XIV7. fig. 5.)
Euplectes taha, Gurney, in Anderssorfs Birds Damaral. p. 171 (1872 j.
Pyromelana taha, Sharpe, eel. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 46«5 (1875-84);
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 242 (1890); Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895,
p. 337; Stark, Fauna S. Af>'., Birds, i. p. 128 (1900); Reivh.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 114 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 84 (1905) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L \. p. 417 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 330
(1910).
Eggs of the Taha Bishop-bird are of a regular or slightly
pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. They are greyish-white,
with minute dots and a few small spots of purplish-black thinly
\OL. v. r
322 PLOCEIDJE.
distributed over the whole shell. They measure from *7 to '71
in length, and from -48 to -57 in breadth.
1. Ondonga, Ovampoland, Feb. (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Andersson: Tristram Coll.).
2. Lindley, Orange River Colony, Major R. Sparrow [E.].
28th Dec.
3. Doornkop, O. R. 0., 27th Nov. Major R, Sparrow [E.].
3. Koodoo's Poort, Transvaal, 13th Hon. J. A. Bucknill [P.].
Jan. (C. B. Horsbrugli).
Pyromelana afra (Omel.\
Pyromelana afra, Sharpe, Cat. Binh B. M. xiii. p. 241 (1890) ; Kuschel,
J. f. 0. 1895, p. 337; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 116 (1904) ; Sharps,
Hand-l. v. p. 417 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 330 (1910).
Three eggs of the Yellow-crowned Bishop-bird are of a slightly
pointed oval form and distinctly glossy. They are uniform pale
blue, and much resemble those of P. flammicejds and other allied forms
which lay uniform or nearly uniform blue eggs. They measure
respectively : '67 by, -49 ; -65 by -49 ; -62 by -48.
1. [West Africa.] Crowley Bequest,
2. Gaboon River (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus PLOCEIPASSER, Smith.
Ploceipasser mahali, Smith.
(Plate XIV. fig. 7.)
Plocepasser mahali, Gurney, in Andersson s Birds Damaral. p. 166
(1872); Buckley, Ibis, 1874, p. 380; Shelley, Ibis, 1882, p. 3ol ;
Sharpe, ed. Lnyard, Birds S. Africa, p. 447 (1875-84); Kuschel,
J. f. O. 1895, p. 335; Reich. Voa. Afr. iii. p. 11 (1904); Shelley,
Birds Afr. iv. p. 325 (1905).
Ploceipasser mahali, Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 83 (1900) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 417 (1909).
An egg of the White-browed Weaver-bird is of a rather long
and slightly pointed oval shape, and almost devoid of gloss. It is
white suffused with pink, and faintly mottled with pinkish-grey.
It measures '92 by -65 — a measurement which appears to be
unusually small. Stark gives 1§0 by 0'72.
1. Kruger's Drift, Modder River, Hon. J. A. Buckuill [P.].
O. R. C., 2nd Oct. (C. B.
Horsbrugh).
Genus PHIUETERUS, Smith.
Philaeterus socius (Lath.).
Philetserus socius, Anderss. Birds Damaral. p. 167 (1872) ; Kuschel,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 335 : Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i, p. 115 (1900).
Philcetserus socius, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 449 (1875-84).
Philaeterus socius, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 249 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. \. p. 419(1909).
.— I»YKENESTE3.
323
Philetairus socius, Reich. Vw/. Afr. iii. p. 242 (1904); Shelley, Bird*
Afr. iv. p. 130 (1905).
Two eggs of the Sociable Weaver-bird are of a broad oval shape
and devoid of gloss. They are of a very pale yellowish-white colour,
densely speckled and mottled all over with purplish-grey. They
measure respectively : '78 by '62 ; '8 by -82.
Another egg, also referred to this species, is pale bluish-green
sparingly spotted with distinct spots and dots of dark brown and
purplish-grey. It measures about '77 by -59. The description
given in Sharpe's edition of Layard seems to refer to an egg of
this type.
2. Ondonga, Ovampoland (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
Andersson : Tristram Coll.).
1. Kalahari Desert (J. J. Weir). Crowley Bequest.
Genus PSEUDONIGRITA, Ktiehe.ww.
Pseudonigrita arnaudi (Bonap.).
(Plate XIV. fig. 8.)
Nigrita arnaudi, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 541 (1871); Fischer, Zeit.
ges. Orn. i. p. 329 (1884); Hartl.J.f. O. 1837, p. 310; Kuschel,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 336.
Philaeterus arnaudi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 250 (1890).
Pseudonig-rita arnaudi, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 171 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. '421 (1909).
Pliiletairus arnaudi, Shelley, Birds Aft-, iv. p. 132 (1905).
An egg of Arnaud's Social Weaver is of a regular oval shape and
devoid of gloss. It is white with small spots and dots of yellowish*
umber scattered all over the shell, but most numerous towards the
larger end. It measures *77 by *51.
1. Machakos, B. E. Africa, 4th April F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Genus PYRENESTES, Swains.
Pyrenestes ostrmus ( Vieill.).
(1909) ; Kehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 330 (1910).
Four eggs of Vieillot's Knotch-billed Weaver are of a rather
short oval shape, pure white and without gloss. Tney measure
respectively : -68 by '55 ; -68 by -55 ; -68 by -52 ; and -67 by -53.
Eggs of this species have been described by Nehrkorn and others
as yellowish-white or salmon-colour, with underlying yellowish-
brown marks and clear reddish-brown spots.
There is no reason to doubt the correctness of Mr. Kemp'"s identi-
fication, and probably those described by Nehrkorn have been
wrongly referred to this species.
4. Abutja, K. Niger, Sept, \\. Kemp, Esq. [C.].
Y 2
324 PLOCEIDJE.
Genus ftUELEA, E
Quelea erythrops (Hartl.).
Quelea erythrops, Slmrpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 255 (1890) :
J. f. O. 1895, p. 336; Re.i<h. Vog. Afr. iii. p. Ill (1904); Shelley,
Birds Afr. iv. p. 117 (1905) ; 'Skarpe, Hand-l v. p. 422 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 331 (1910).
An egg of the Dark-throated Dioch is of a rather short oval
shape and almost devoid of gloss. It is dull olive-green with fine
scattered spots of a darker shade, most numerous towards the larger
end. It measures -7 by '55.
1. West Africa (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
duelea cardinalis (Hartl.).
(Plate XIV. fig. 11.)
Ilvphantica cardinalis, Hartl. Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Bremen, vii. p. 102
(1881) ; Fischer, Zeit. ges. Orn. i. p. 328 (1884).
Quelea cardinalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 256 (1890); Reich.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 112 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 119 ;i90o) ;
Kharpe, Hand-/, v. p. 423 (1809) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 331,
pi. iii. fig. 34 (1910).
Eggs of the Cardinal Dioch vary in shape from a rather short
oval to a pointed oval, and exhibit a certain amount of gloss. The
ground-colour is greenish-white or white more or less thickly
spotted all over the shell with reddish-brown or purplish-brown and
underlying spots and small blotches of grey. They vary in size
from '67 to '72 in length, and from -47 to *5 in breadth.
4. Njemps, B. E. Africa, 16th July. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
1. Njemps, 16th July. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Njemps, 19th Sept. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Njemps, 19th Sept. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
1. Nandi, B. E. Africa, 7th May. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
duelea quelea (Linn.).
Quelea quelea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 257 (1890) ; Shelley.
Birds Afr. iv. p. Ill (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 423 (1909).
Quelea sangiiinirostris, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 108 (1904).
Two eggs of the Black-fronted Dioch laid in captivity are of
a short wide oval shape, devoid of gloss and pure white. They
measure respectively : *75 by '6, and *68 by '55.
Dr. Reichenow describes an egg, also laid in captivity, as being
pale blue with small reddish-brown and grey spots. It measured
.81 by -55.
2. Laid in captivity («7. J. Weir). Crowley Bequest.
LEPIDOPYGIA. — SPERM RSTKS. 325
Genus LEPIDOPYGIA,
All the species of this genus appear to lay pure white eggs,
devoid of gloss.
Lepidopygia poensis (Fmser).
Sperinestes poensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 262 (1890; ; Reich.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 152 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 164 (1905).
Lipidopygia poensis, Skarpet Hatil-l. v. p. 425 (1909).
Four eggs are of a moderately long oval form ; they average
•55 by -4.
4. Santa Isabel, Fernando Po, llth Subscribers to Fernando Po
Jan. (C. E. Seimund). Exped. [P.].
Lepidopygia nana (Pucher.}.
Spermestes nana, Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149 (1882) ;
Milne-Edivards 8f Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Madag., Ois. ii. p. 455,
pi. 304. fig. 10 (1886) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 266 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Cat. Eiersamml. p. 125 (1899) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 174
(1905).
Lepidopygia nana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 42G (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 331 (1910).
The eggs of the Madagascar Mannakin are of a regular oval form
They measure from '55 to *59 in length, and from -41 to '44 in
breadth.
Messrs. Milne-Edwards and Grandidier (I. c.) describe and figure
the eggs of this bird as green spotted with brown.
4. Madagascar. W. Radcliffa Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Madagascar ( Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
4. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.],
5. Tamala, Madagascar (W.D.C.: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus SPERMESTES, Siuains.
Spermestes cucullatus, Swains.
Spermestes cucullata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 204 (1890) ;
Re?idall, Ibis, 1892, p. 221 ; Kmchel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 340 ; Reich.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 149 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 167 (1905) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 331 (1910).
Spermestes cucullatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 426 (1909).
An egg said to be that of Swainson's Bronze Mannakin is of
a perfect oval shape, and pure white devoid of gloss. It measures
•5 by -41.
1. [West Africa.] Crowley Bequest.
326
Spermestes scutatus (Heuyl.).
Spermestes scufata, Newton, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 299: Fisch. 8? Reich.
J. f. O. 1878, p. 266 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birth B. M. xiii. p. 265 (1890) ;
Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 112 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii.
p. 150 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 170 0905).
Spermestes scutatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 426 (1909).
The eggs of Heuglin's Bronze Mannakin vary somewhat in shape
from a perfect oval to a rather long oval ; they are pure white and
devoid of gloss. The average measurement is '52 by *45.
12. Durban, Natal, Nov. Mpjor R. Sparrow [E.].
1. Pondoland. Crowley Bequest.
Genus AMAURESTHES, Reichcnb.
Amaurestlies fringilloides (Lafr.\
Amauresthes fringilloides, Fisch. $ Reich. J. f. O. 1878, p. 265 ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 267 (1890) ; Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 840 ;
Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 155 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 427 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 331 (1910).
Spermestes fringilloides, Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. Ill (1£00) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 160 (1905).
An egg said to be that of the Magpie Mann akin is of a wide oval
form, pure white and devoid of gloss. It measures -7 by *57.
These measurements are larger than those given in some of the
works quoted above. Shelley gives '6 by -44 ; Reichenow *58 by *4 ;
and Nehrkorn '61 by '4.
I. [W. Africa.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus ORTYGOSPIZA, Sundev.
The eggs of both members of this genus are pure white and
slightly glossy.
Ortygospiza polyzona (Temm.).
Ortygospiza polyzona, Ayres, Ibis, 1878, p. 297 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 269 (1890) ; Kmchel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 340 ; Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 109 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 202
(1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 155 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 427 (1909).
Eggs of the Bar-breasted Mannakin are of a regular oval shape.
They vary from -55 to '6 in length, and from '43 to -45 in breadth.
4. Blesbokfontein, O. R. C., 4th Sept. Mnjor R. Sparrow [E.l.
3. Lindley, O. R. C., 28th Jan. Major R. Sparrow [E.J.
ORTl'tiOSPIZA. LAGONOSTICTA.
Ortygospiza atricollis
p. 331 (1910).
An egg of Yieillot's Bar-breasted Mannakin measures -5 by -44.
1. West Africa, (Xehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus HtfPARGUS, Reichenb.
Hy par gas margaritatus (Strickl.).
Lagonosticta margaritata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 275 (1890) :
Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 158 (1904).
Ilypargos margaritatus, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 240 (1905).
11 vpargus margaritatus, C. Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxi. p. 00 (1908) ; Sharpe.
Hand- 1. v. p. 428 (1909).
An egg said to be that of Strickland's Twin-spot is of a regular
oval shape and pure white. It measures '58 by -44.
1. [S.E. Africa.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus LAGONOSTICTA, Cab.
Eggs of the various species of Fire -Finch are of a regular oval
shape, pure white and somewhat glossy.
Lagonosticta brunneiceps,
Lnir'Uiosticta brunneiceps, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 277 (1890) j
Stark, Fauna S. Afr. Birds, i. p. 94 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii.
p. 196 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 258 (1905) j Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 429 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 331 (1910).
Lagonosticta minima, Heuyl. (nee Vieill.) Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. p. 612
(1870) ; Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 339.
Eggs of the Brown-capped Fire-Finch, also called the Little
lluddy "VVaxbill, vary from -57 to '6 in length, and from -43 to -45
in breadth.
4. Harrar, S. Abyssinia, June. Mr. P. Zaphiro [C.].
2. Ondonga, Ovampoland, 29th Mar. Crowley Bequest.
(C.J.Andersson: Tristram Coll.).
328 I'LOCEIDJB.
Lagonosticta ruberrima, Rtichenow.
Lagonosticta brunueiceps ruberrima, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 198
(1904).
Lagonosticta ruberrima, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 429 (1909) ; Oyihie-
Grant, Trans. Zool. Sac. xix. p. 301. (1910).
Three eggs of the Equatorial form of the Brown-capped Fire-
Finch measure '55 by -44 ; '54 by '45 ; and '53 by "44.
3. Mokia, S.E. Ruw^nzori, 3400 ft., Subscribers to the Ruwenzori
10th June (It. B. Woosnam). Exped. [P.].
Lagonosticta rufopicta (Fraser).
Lagonosticta rufopicta, Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 70 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
II. M. xiii. p. 278 (1890) ; Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 339; Reich.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 198 (1901); Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 2J2
(1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 430 (1909).
An egg of the Bar-breasted Fire-Finch measures *61 by '45.
1. Lado, River Nile (Nehrkorn Coll}. Crowley Bequest.
Lagonosticta rnbricata ( Licht.).
Lagonosticta xubricata, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 281 (1890) ;
Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 92 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii.
p. 199 (1904); Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 254 (1905)'; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 430 (1909).
Eggs of the South African Ruddy Fire-Finch are of a broad oval
form. They vary iu length from *58 to *6, and in breadth from
•46 to -47.
5. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, Dec. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
2. Blaauw Krantz, Jan. (O. Palmer). B E. Jupp, Esq. [C.J.
Genus STICTOSPIZA, Sliarpe.
Stictospiza formosa (Lath.).
Stictospiza formosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 287 (1890) ;
Oate*, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 191 (1890); id., ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Egos Ind. Birds, ii. p. 145 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 432 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 331 (1910).
The eggs of the Green Munia are of a long, pointed oval shape,
plain white, and measure from *61 to -7 in length, and from -45
to '48 in breadth.
11. BundaiM District, C. Provs., L.dia, Hume Call.
17th July (F. R. Blewitt,)..
AMADINA. — S'LIGANOrLEUKA. 329
GCDUS AMADINA, Sivains.
Amadina fasciata (Gmel.).
A mndma fasciata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 289 (1880); Bufler,
Foreign Finches in Capt. p. 193 (1894); Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 339 ;
Nekrk. Kat. Fiersamml. p. 125 (1899), p. 331 (1910) ; lleich. Vby.
Afr. iii. p. 146 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 123 (1C05) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 432 (1909).
Three eggs of the Banded Weaver-Finch or "Cut-throat" Finch
are of a very blunt oval form, devoid of gloss, and plain \\hite.
They measure -66 by -53.
1. West Africa. Salvin-Godman Coll.
'2. West Africa (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley liequtst.
Amadina erythrocephala (Linn.).
Amadina erythvocephala, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 467
(1875-84) ; id., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 290 (1890) ; 'Kuschel,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 339 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 126 (1899), p. 331
(1910); Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds i. p. 118 (IfiOO) ; Reich. Yog.
Afr. iii. p. 147 (K04) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 126 (1905) j
• Sparrow, J. S. Afr. O;n U. i. p. 10 (1905) ; Roberts, J. S. Afr.
Orn. U. ii. p. 10 (1906); Test-hemaler, Avicult. Mag. iv. p. 354
(1906) j Sharpe, Hand-L v, p. 433 (1909).
Three eggs of the lled-headcd Weaver- Finch are of a broad oval
form, devoid of gloss and plain white. They measure respectively :
•75 by -6 ; -75 by -58 ; and '73 by -58.
1 . Otjimbinque, Damaraland, 28th A ug. Crowley Bequest.
(C. J. Aiidersson : Tristram Coll.).
1. Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 19th Aug. Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.],
(C. H. B. Grant}.
1. Laid in confinement. W. H. Beemau. E«q. [P.],
Genus STEGANOPLEURA, Reiclunl.
Steganopleura guttata (Shaw).
Steganopleura gutt.ita, Gould, Handb. Birds Au.rtr. i. p. 417 (1865);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 433 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaihtnl. p. 332
(1910).
North, Nests $ Eyys Austr. Birds, ii. p. 268 (1909).
Eggs of the Spotted-sided Finch are white and of a very broad
oval shape. They measure from -65 to '75 in length, and from
•52 to -55 in breadth.
7. Queensland. Gould Coll.
8. New South Wnles (E. P. Ramsay). Crowley Bequest.
2. Dobroyde near Sydney (E. P. Jtt. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
r>. Canteihury near Sydney, 21st Oct. A. J. North, Esq. [P.].
330
Genus ZONJEGINTHUS, Cab.
Zonaeginthus bellus (Lath.).
Zonseginthus bellus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 406 (1865) ; North,
Nests Sf Eggs Amir. Birds, p. 160 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 293 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 126 (1899), p. 332
(1910); Campbell, Nexts 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 479(1901);
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 271 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 433 (1909).
The eggs of the Fire-railed Finch are of an elongate oval shape,
without gloss, and plain white. They appear to vary greatly in size.
Two specimens from Tasmania measure respectively : '75 by '52 ; P75
by -5. Three from Cranbourne measure respectively : '76 by '53 ;
*75 by '57 ; and *74 by *55. Others from Cape Otvvay and from
Melbourne, taken by Mr. Bridger, are very much smaller and
average only -65 by '45.
3. Cranbourne, Victoria, 3rd Nov. (A. Crowley Bequest.
J. North}.
2. Cape Otway, Victoria, (E. P. S. y- Crowley Bequest.
mour).
6. Melbourne ( W. Bridger}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Tasmania, 17th Nov. Gould Coll.
Zonaegintlms oculatus (Quoy $ Gaim.).
Zonseginthus oculeus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 407 (1865).
Zonaeginthus oculatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 294 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 126 (1899), p. 332 (1910); Campbell,
Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 480(1901); Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 433 (1909).
Two eggs of the Bed-eared Finch are of a somewhat elongate
oval form, devoid of gloss, and pure white. They measure
respectively : -69 by -49, and -65 by -46.
2. W. Australia (A.. J. Campbell}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus COCCOPYGIA, Reichenb.
Coccopygia dufresnei ( Vieill.).
Estrelda dufresnii, Gurney, Ibis, 1862, p. 32 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds
S. Africa, p. 469 (1875-84); Stark, Faun. S. Africa, Birds, i.
p. 107 (1900).
Coccopygia dufresnii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 305 (1890; ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 233 (1905); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 436
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml, p. 332 (1910).
Neisna dufresnei, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 205 (1904).
The eggs of Dufresne's Waxbill are of an ordinary oval form,
TJJ2CIOPYGIA. — STICTOPTEKA. 331
devoid of gloss, and plain white. They measure from -51 to '57 in
length, and from '4 to -42 in breadth.
5. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].
•">. Natal ('/'. .-It/res). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Blitauw Krantz, Cape Colony, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [0.].
2nd Jan. (Z. Palmer}.
Genus T^NIOPYGIA, Eeichenb.
Taeniopygia castanotis (Gould}.
Tamiopyjria castanotis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. \. p. 419 (18G5) ;
North, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 105 (18891 ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 311 (1890); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 126
(1899), p. 332 (1910); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i.
p. 483 (1901) ; North, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 275 (1909) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 438 (1909).
The eggs of the Chestnut-eared Finch are generally of an elongate
oval shape, without gloss, and plain white. They vary much in
si/e as well as in shape, and measure from '52 to '62 in length,
and from -38 to '44 in breadth.
23. North-West Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
1. West Australia, Sept. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
3. Mozaire, N. S. Wales (E. P. Crowley Bequest.
Ramsay}.
5. Deniliquin, N. S. Wales, 4th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North}.
6. Laid in confinement, June. Mr. A. H. Bishop [P.],
6. Laid in confinement. Gould Coll.
2. Laid in confinement (J. J. Weir}. Crowley Bequest.
Genus STICTOPTERA, Rewhenb.
Stictoptera bichenovii ( Viy. fy Horsf.).
Stictoptera bichenovii, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 409 (1865) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 160 (1889); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 313 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 126
(1899), p. 332 (1910); Campbell, Nests Sf Eg</s Austr. Birds, i.
p. 485 (1901) ; North, Nest.» % Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 279 (1909) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 438 (1909).
The eggs of the Banded Finch are of a narrow oval form, without
gloss, and plain white. Two examples measure respectively : *65
by -47 ; -6 by -45.
1. Australia. Old Coll.
1. West Australia ( 11 'ilson). Gould Coll,
332 PLOCGIDyE.
Genus SPORJE&INTHUS, Cab.
The eggs of the Manias of this genus are typically of an elongate
pointed oval form, devoid of gloss, and plain white.
Sporaeginthus am:ndava (Linn.).
Sporaeginthus amandava, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 320 (1890) ;
Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 192 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests Sf Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 147 (1893); Betham, Journ. Bom.
Nat. Hist. Soc. xii. p. 781 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 439 (1909; ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p/332 (1910).
Eggs of the Indian Bed Munia measure from -55 to '65 in
length, and from -4 to *45 in breadth.
1. India (Capt. C. R. Cock : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
17. Kaipur, C. Provs., India (F. R. Hume Coll.
Bleivitt).
1. Saugor, C. Provs. Hume Coll.
3. Nilghiri Hills, May. Hume Coll.
Sporaeginthus flavidiventris ( Wallace).
Sporaeginthus flavidiventris, Sharpe, Cut. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 323
(1890); Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 193 (189'J) ; id., ed.
Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 149 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
\. p. 439 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 332 (1910;.
The eggs of the Burmese Ked Munia are inseparable from those
of S. amandava.
5. Pegu, 2nd Nov. (E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 15th Nov. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
5. Pegu, 12th Dec. (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
Sporaeginthus subflavus ( Vieill.).
Spora3giiithus subflavus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 324 (1890) ;
Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 339 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 439 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 332 (1910).
Estrelda snbfiava, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 186 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. iv. p. 207 (1905).
An egg of the Northern Zebra Waxbill is of a rather pointed
oval shape and without gloss. It is pure white, and measures -61
by -4.
1. West Africa. Crowley Bequest.
SFOR-IIGINXniTS. — MUNIA. 333
Sporaeginthus melpodus ( Vidtt.).
Sporaeffintlnis melpodus, ftfmrjw, Cot. /Urdu If. M. xiii. p. 325 (1890) ;
Kuschd, J. f. O. 1895, p. 339 ; Butler, Foreign Finches in Captivity,
p. 110 (1895) ; ShariK, Hund-l. v. p. 439 (1909).
Kstrelda mariposa (sic), Kendall^ Ibis, 1892, p. 221.
Estrilda melpoda, Iteich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 186 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. iv. p. 202 (1905).
An egg of the Orange-checked Waxbill is of a rather narrow oval
shape, and dull white. It measures -58 hy -36.
1. Laid in captivity (Dr. Kutter). Growl ey Bequest.
Genus MUNIA, Hodcjs.
The eggs laid hy the various species of this genus resemble those
of the species of Sporasginihut, being usually of a somewhat pointed
oval shape, pure white, and devoid of gloss.
Munia orizivora (Linn.}.
Mania orizivora, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 328 (1890) ; Gates,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 128 (1890) ; id, Fauna
Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 182 (1890); Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 439
(1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 332 (1910).
Padda oryzivora, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 148 (1905).
Two eggs of the Java Sparrow are of a regular oval form, devoid
of gloss, and pure white. They measure respectively : '77 by -53 ;
•68 by -65.
2. West Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Munia malacca (Linn.}.
Munia malacca, Leqqe, Birds Ceylon, p. 652 (1879) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 330 (1890) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 182
(1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests # Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 126 (1890) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 440 (1909)': Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 332
(1910).
The eggs of the Black-headed Munia measure from '57 to '72 in
length, and from *44 to -5 in breadth.
23. Belgaum, India (E. A. Butler}. Hume Coll.
13. Belgaum, 2nd Sept. (E. A. B.), Hume Coll.
7. Belgaum, 7th Sept. (E. A. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Bund&ra, C. Provs., 19th July Hume Coll.
(F. R. Blewitt}.
3. Pathanore, Madras, 28th Oct. Hume Coll.
(A. G. B. Theobald}.
1. Wynaad, S. India, 5lh Dec. Hume Coll.
3. [Southern India.] Crowley Bequest.
334 PLOCEIDJE.
Munia maja (Linn.}.
Muuia maja, Sharpe, Cat. Bird* B. M. xiii. p. 332 (1890) ; id., Hand-L
v. p. 440 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 332 (1910).
Two eggs of the Malayan Munia are dull white, and measure
•68 by -47.
2. Java. W. Kadcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[p.].
Munia atricapilla
Munia rubroniger, Legye, Birds Ceylon, p. 652 (1879).
Munia atricapilla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 331 (1890) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 183 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $
Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 129 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-/, v. p. 440 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 333 (1910).
The eggs of the Chestnut-bellied Munia vary from -58 to f7 in
length, and from -44 to '47 in breadth.
5. Sikhivn Terai, 27th June. Hume Coll.
6. Sikhim Terai, 12th July. Hume Coll.
4. Sikhim Terai, 19th July. Hume Coll.
5. Sikhim Terni, 20th July. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 26th July. Hume Coll.
] . Sikhim Terai, 4th Aug. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim Terai, 26th Aug. Hume Coll.
4. Sikhim Terai, 6th Sept. Hume Coll.
4. Calcutta, 13th July (J. C. Parker). Hume Coll.
2. Calcutta, 27th July (J. C. P.). ' Hume Coll.
5. Calcutta, 28ih Sept. (A. O. H.}. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 26th June (E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 27th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 10th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 2oth July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 2nd Aug. (E. W. O.}. Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 26th June (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 27th June (E. W. O.\ Oates Coll.
2. Pegu, 28th July (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 2nd Aug. (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 16th Sept. (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
2. Mergui, 20th June (W. Darisori). Hume Coll.
Munia jagori (Cab.).
Munia atricapilla, Steere (nee VieiU.}, List Birds $ Mamm. Philippines,
p. 23 (1890).
Munia jagori, Grant $ Whttehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 245 ; McGreyor, Man.
Philippine Birds, ii. p. 689 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 440 (1909).
Eggs of the Little Chestnut Weaver are of a regular oval shape,
and without gloss. The average measurement is -63 by *43.
5. Philippine Islands. Steere Exped.
2. Philippine Islands (L. Layard : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
Ml'XIA. 335
Munia brunneiceps, Walden.
Munia atricapilla, Sflt/r;H?, P. £. S. 1870, p. 344.
Munia brunneiceps, Era-pit, List Bird* Borneo, p. 142 (1889) : Fharpe,
Cat. Birds />'. M. xiii. p. 338 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 440 (1909).
The eggs of the Brown-headed Munia measure from *6 to '7 in
length, and from *42 to -47 in breadth.
5. Borneo (//. Low ; Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Borneo, 16th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
9. Labuan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
4. Labuan, 3rd June (/. Whitehead}. Crowley Bequest.
Munia nigriceps (Ramsay}.
Mimia nigricep?, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 431 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 441 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 333 (1910).
An egg of the Black-cheeked Munia is of the usual type. It
measures -57 by *45.
1. New Guinea, 4th Jan. Crowley Bequest.
Munia spectabilis, Sclater.
Munia spectabilis, Shar-pe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 342 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 441 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 333 (1910).
Four eggs said to be those of the New Britain Munia measure
respectively : *6 by '45; *59 by '4 ; '57 by '41 ; *55 by '41.
4. [New Britain.] Crowley Bequest.
Munia caniceps, Sulvad.
Munia caniceps, FJiarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 345 (1890) : id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 441 (1909).
The eggs of the Grey-beaded Munia measure respectively :
•61 by -44 ; '6 by -45; '6 by -47 ; '61 by -43.
4. S.E. New Guinea. Mr. E. Weiske [C.].
Munia punctulata (Linn.}.
Munia punctulata, Legge, Birds C!e;//ow,p. 656 (1879) : Sliarpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p< 346 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 442 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 333 (1910).
Uroloncha punctulata, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 189 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 141 (1890) [part].
The eggs of the Spotted Munia vary from '59 to '75 in length,
and from -44 to '52 in breadth.
336 PLOCEID.E.
2. Simla, India, 13th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Simla, 14th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Simla, 25th Aug. Hume Coll.
3. Raipur, C. Provs.,14th Aug. (F. Hume Coll.
R. Blewitt).
24. Salem, Madras, Aug. (A. G. R. Hume Coll.
Theobald}.
3. Nilghiri Hills. Hume Coll.
3. Nilghiri Hills, May. Hume Coll.
3. Ooouoor, Nilghiris, 3rd March. Hume Coll.
2. Coonoor, 28th Aux. Hume Coll.
4. Kotagherry, Nilghiris, 10th July Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn).
1. Caylon (E. L. Layard : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
2. Mauritius (E. Newton: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
I. Lucia, Mauritius (E.N.: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
Munia subundulata, Godw.-Am'en.
Munia subundulata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 350 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 442 (1909).
Amadina pimctulata, Gates, Birds Burmah, i. p. 368 (1883).
Uroloncha pimetulata, Gates, e:l. Hume, Nests fy Eygs Ind. Birds, ii.
p, 141 (1890) [part].
Eggs of the Burmese Spotted Munia are indistinguishable from
(hose of M. punctulata.
4. Cachar, 4th Oct. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu, 20th June (E. W. Gates\ Oaies Coll.
5. Pegu, 22nd July (E. W. G.). Gates Coll.
4. Pegu, 20th Aug. (B. W. G.). Gates Coll.
Munia topela, Swinh.
Munia topela, Sujinh. Ibis, 1863, p. 380 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii.
p. 351 (1890); id., Hand-l. v. p. 442 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 333 (1910).
Eggs of the Formosan Munia are perfectly similar to those of
M. punctulata.
309. Formosa (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
II. Formosa (R. 8.). Crowley Bequest.
Munia nisoria (Temm.).
Munia nisoria, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 352 (1890) ; Sitttikofer,
Notes Lei/den Mus. xiv. p. 202 (1892) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 442
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 333 (1910).
Two eggs said to be those of the Javan Munia measure re-
spectively : *62 by '42 ; and '6 by '4.
2. Java, 24th April. Crowley Bequest.
TJROLONCHA. 337
Genus UROLONCHA, Cab.
The eggs of the species of this genus do not- differ in shape or
colour from those of the Munias of the genera Spor&ginthus and
Munia.
Uroloncha acuticauda (Ffodgs.).
Uroloncha acuticauda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 356 (1890);
Gates, Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 184 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Lid. Birds, ii. p. 131 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 443 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 333 (1910).
The eggs of Hodgson's Munia vary from -54 to '68 in length, and
from -4 to '45 in breadth.
22. Siklrim (J. Gammie). Hume Coll.
2. Sikhiin, 10th June (J. G.}. Hume Coll.
4. Mongphoo, Darjiling (J. G.). Hume Coll.
6. Lebong, Sikhim, July (L. Man- Hume Coll.
delii).
4. Tavoy, Tenasserim, 16th March Hume Coll.
(IF. Davison).
1. Kussoom, Malay Peninsula, 23rd Hume Coll.
Feb. ( W. D.}.
8. Salaug, Malay Peninsula, 23rd Hume Coll.
2. Salang. Crowley Bequest.
Uroloncha squamicollis, Sharpe.
Uroloncha squamicollis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 359 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127 (1899), p. 333 (1910); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 443(1909).
Munia acuticauda, La Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 427.
Five eggs of the Chinese Munia measure respectively: '6 by *4 ;
•63 by -42 ; -65 by -44 ; and (2) -65 by -45.
1. Foochow, China, April. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
2. Foochow, 9th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.],
2. Formosa (R. Swinhoe: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Uroloncha striata (Linn.").
Munia striata, Legye, Birds Ceylon, p. 660 (1879).
Uroloncha striata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 359 (1890);
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 185 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests #
JSfff/* Lid. Birds, ii. p. 133 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127
(1899), p. 333 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 443 (1909).
The eggs of the White-backed Munia measure from '55 to -65 in
length, and from -42 to -47 in breadth.
VOL. v. z
338 PLOCEIDJE.
1. India ( W. E. Brooks: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Raipur, Central Provinces, India. Hume Coll.
3. Raipur, 2nd Jan. (F. It. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
2. Yercand, Nilghiris, 28th Sept. Hume Coll.
4. Ceylon, 13th June (A. L. Butler'). Crowley Bequest.
Uroloncha fumigata ( W olden).
Uroloncha fumigata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 361 (1890) :
Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 186 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests 8f Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 135 (1890); Osmaston, J. Bombay
N. H. Soc. xvii. p. 160 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 444 (1909).
Eggs of the Andaman White-backed Munia measure on an
average *6 by '41.
5. Port Blair, S. Andaman, 2nd July. B. B, Osmaston, Esq. [C.].
2. Port Blair, 3rd July. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [C.].
6. Port Blair, 7th July. B, B. Osmaston, Esq. [C.].
Uroloncha leucogaster (Blyth).
Uroloncha leucogastra, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 362 (1890) ;
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 186 (1890; ; id., ed. Hume,
Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 135 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 444 (1909) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 333 (1910).
Eive eggs of the White-bellied Munia measure from '6 to '68 in
length, and from *43 to -46 in breadth.
1. Malewim, Tenasserim, 27th June Hume Coll.
( W. 2)avison).
4. Langat, Malay Peninsula, 10th Hume Coll.
April (W.D.).
Uroloncha fuscans (Cassin).
Munia fuscans, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 344 ; Everett, List Birds Borneo.
p. 142 (1889i.
Uroloncha fuscans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 364 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127 (1899), p, 333 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 444 (1909).
The eggs of the Brown Munia vary from -45 to -62 in length,
and from '4 to '48 in breadth.
12. Labuan, Borneo. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
«•{. Baram, Sarawak, 18th Oct. Charles Hose, Esq. [P.],
5. Kina Balu, N. Borneo, 14th Jan, Crowley Bequest.
(J. Whitehead),
Uroloncha pectoralis (Jerd.).
Munia pectoralis, Jerd. Birds 2nd. ii. p. 355 (1863).
Uroloncha pectoralis. Sharpe, . Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 365 (1890) ;
Oates, Fauna Bnt. 2nd., Birds, ii. p. 187 (1890) j id., ed. Hume,
UROLONCHA.— AIDEMOSYNE. 339
Nesfs $ Eifijs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 130 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 444 (1909).
The four eggs of the Itufous-bellied Munia measure respectively :
•(;:> by -46 ; -63 by -46 ; -62 by -42 ; -65 by -45.
3. Kotagherry, Nilghiria, 19th July Hume Coll.
(Miss Cockburn).
1. Ko tag-berry, 20th July (Miss Cock- Hume Coll.
burn).
TTroloncha kelaarti (Jerd,).
Munia kelaarti, Legge, Birds Ceylon, ii. p. 650 (1879).
Uroloncha kelaarti, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 366 (1890) ; Gates,
Fauna Brit. Ltd., Birds, ii. p. 187 (1890) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 444
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 333 (1910).
The eggs of the Ceylon Munia vary from -62 fco -68 in length,
and from '45 to -46 in breadth.
4. Ceylon, 2nd June {A. Lf Butler). Crowley Bequest.
Uroloncha molucca (Linn.).
Uroloncha molucca, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 367 (1890) ; «/.,
Hand-l. v. p. 444 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 334 (1910),
Eggs of the Moluccan Munia measure respectively *59 by '43 ;
•58 by -43 ; and '56 by -43.
3. Waigiu, Molucca Island* (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Genus AIDEMOSYNE, Rewhenb.
The eggs of th« Munias of this genus resemble those of the
genera Sporceginthus, Munia, and Uroloncha.
Aidemosyne modesta (Gould}.
Aidemosyne modesta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 414 (1865) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 162 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 368(1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127 (1899) ;
Campbell, Netts $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 489 (1901); North,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. ' 'Birds, ii. p. 287 (1909); Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 445 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 334 (1910).
Eggs of the Plum-head Munia are of a long oval shape and
equally rounded at both ends. They are plain white, devoid of
gloss, and measure respectively : *64 by '4 ; '63 by '42 ; and -62
by -41.
Mr. North (I. c.) states that two specimens in his possession
measure respectively : '64 by '44 and -62 by *45. Mr. Campbell
z 2
340 PLOCEID.E.
gives measurements of five egsrs, the average of which is '65
by -47.
3. Australia (F. Strange : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. New South Wales ( Wilson). Gould Coll.
Aidesmosyne malabarica (Linn.).
Munia malabarica, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 662 (1879).
Aidemosyne malabarica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 369 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 445 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 334 (1910).
Uroloncha malabarica, Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 188 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Egys Ind. Birds, ii. p. 136 (1890).
The eggs of the White-throated Munia measure from '55 to '68
in length, and from '45 to *5 in breadth.
4. Sind (J. H. Gould). Gould Coll.
21. Sind, 27th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Gurgaon District, 1.2th April. Hume Coll.
2. Delhi, 12th April (C. T. Bingham). Hume Coll.
3. Delhi, 30th March. Hume Coll.
6. Rajputana, 14th April. Hume Coll.
5. North-West Provinces. Hume Coll.
2. Agra, 4th Sept. Hume Coll.
2. Etawah, 22nd Jan. (A. O. Hume). Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 28th Jan. (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
2. Etawah, 30th Jan. (A. O. H.). Hume Coll.
5. Etawah, 23rd March. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 10th April. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, 27th Feb. (Dr. Parker). Crowley Bequest.
1. Mirzapur ( W. E. Brooks : Tristram Crowlev Bequest.
Coll.).
Aidemosyne cantans (Gmel.).
Uroloncha cantans, Heual. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 594 (1871); Shelley,
Birds Afr. iv. p. 152 (1905).
Aidemosyne cantans, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p, 371 (1890) ;
id., Hand-l. \. p. 445 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 334
(1910).
Habropyga cantans, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 339.
Aidemosyne cantans orientalis, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 156 (1904).
Two eggs measure respectively '59 by *46 and -59 by '45.
2. Wold-Medineh, Blue Nile. Capt. H. N. Dunn [P.].
Genus JEGINTHA, Cab.
.ffigintha temporalis (Lath.).
^Egintha temporalis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 411 (1865) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 162 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 372 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127
2EGIXTHA. rOEPHILA. 341
(1890); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 490 (1901);
North, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 288 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 440 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 334 (1910).
The eggs of the Ilcd-eyebrowed Finch vary from an ordinary to
a lengthened oval shape, and are plain white. They have a very
slight amount of gloss. The measurements vary from '57 to '69 in
length, and from '44 to *49 in breadth.
2. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
1. New South Wales. Gould Coll.
.1. New South Wales. Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Koscville, near Sydney, N.S. Wales, A. J. North, Esq. [P.],
22nd Sept.
1. Dobroyd, N.S. Wales, Oct. (JE. P. Crowley Bequest.
Ramsay: Tristram Coll.).
1 . Dobroy d(KF.R.: Tristram Coll. ). Crowley Bequest.
5. Belmore, N. S. Wales, 10th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North}.
5. Yarra River, Victoria, 28th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. N.).
5. South Australia, Dec. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(?•]
2. Dawsley, near Adelaide, S. Aus- E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.].
tralia.
Genus BATHILDA, Beichenb.
Bathilda ruficauda (Gould).
Bathilda ruficauda, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 412 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 374 (1890) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 492 (1901); Gladstone, Avicult. Mag. vi. p. 30 (1908);
North, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 291 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 446 (1909) ; 'Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 334 (1910).
The eggs of the Eed-faced Finch are of an oval form, plain white
and very slightly glossy. Four specimens measure respectively :
•65 by -45 ; -62 by '46 ; -64 by -45 ; -65 by -46.
1. Laid in confinement (Zool. Gardens, Salviij-Godman Coll.
London).
2. New South Wales, 17th Nov. Gould Coll.
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq., Q.C.
Genus POEPHILA, Gould.
All the species lay pure white eggs devoid of gloss.
Poephila acuticauda (Gould).
Poephila acuticauda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 375 (1890) ;
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 493 (1901) ; North, Nests
$ Eggs Austr. Birds', \\. p. 293 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 446
(1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 334 (1910).
Eggs of the Long-tailed Grass-Finch vary considerably in shape,
342 PLOCEIDJE.
from a narrow, rather pointed oval to a wide, regular oval. They
vary from '59 to '65 in length, and from '40 to '46 in breadth.
9. Australia (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Poephila nigrotecta, Barter t.
Poephila atropygialis, Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 496
(1901).
Poephila nigrotecta, Hartert, Bull B. O. C. viii. p. lix (1899) ; Le Souef,
Ibis, 1900, p. 461 ; North, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 300
(1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 447 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 334 (1910).
Eggs of the Black-rumped Grass-Finch vary in shape from a
regular oval to a rather pyriform oval. They measure from *59 to
•b'o in length, and from -46 to *47 in breadth.
4. Noorkonong, N. Queensland, W. Radcliffe Sailnders, Esq.
26th Nov. [P.].
4. Noorkonong, 30th Jan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Noorkonong, 30th Jan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Noorkonong, 31st Jan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.j.
4. Noorkonong, 1st Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Noorkonong, 2nd Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Noorkonong, 3rd Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
3. Noorkonong, 8th Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Poephila oincta (Gould).
Poephila cincta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 425 (1865) ; North,
Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 166 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p, 376 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127 (1899) ; Camp-
bell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 494 (1901) ; North, Nests $
Eggs Austr. Birds, ii. p. 295 (1909); Sharpe, Hund-l. v. p. 447
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 334 (1910).
The eggs of the Banded or Black-throated Grass-Finch are of a
somewhat pointed oval form. They measure from *61 to '65 in
length, and from '45 to *5 in breadth.
1. Queensland (Dr. Rey). Crowley Bequest.
1. Queensland (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Herbert River, Queensland. S. Boyd, Esq. [P.J.
5. Herbert River. S. Boyd, Esq. [P.].
5. Da wson River, Queensland, 9th Mar. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
1. New South Wales, 20th Nov. Gould Coll.
(Wilson).
ERYTHRFRA.— NEOCIIMIA. 343
Genus ERYTHRURA, Swains.
Erythrura psittacea (Gmel.).
Erythrura psittacea, Layard, Ibis, 1878, p. 260, 1882, p. 522 ; Sharpe,
Cat Birds B. M. xiii. p. 382 (1890); Butler, Foreign Finches in
Capt. p. 165 (1894) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 127 (1901), p. 334
(1910) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 448 (1909).
The eggs of the Parrot-Finch are of a pointed oval form, devoid
of gloss, and plain white. Four examples laid in confinement
measure respectively : -67 by -49 ; '64 by -46 ; '72 by -5 ; and -69
by -49. The other two eggs are shorter and broader; they measure
*6 by '51, and '55 by '49.
4. Laid in confinement. A. Wiener, Esq. [P.].
2. Noumea, New Caledonia (E. L. Crowley Bequest.
Layard : Tristram Coll.).
Erythrura trichroa (KittL).
Erythrura trichroa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 385 (1890) ;
Hartert, Nov. Zool. vii. p. 6 (1900); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 448
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 335 (1910).
Two eggs of ICittlitz's Parrot-Finch are of a rather wide pointed
oval shape, pure white, and devoid of gloss. They measure
respectively '66 by '5, and -67 by '5.
2. Ruck, Carolines, 2nd June (A. Crowley Bequest.
Owstori) .
Genus NEOCHMIA, Bonap.
Neochmia phaeton (Homlr.
Neochmia phaeton, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 415 (1865) ; North,
Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds, p. 163 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 389 (1890) ; Le Souef, Viet. Nat. xvi. p. 69 (1899) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds', i. p. 499 (1901) ; North, Nests fy Eggs
Austr. Birds, ii. p. 300 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 450 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 335 (1910).
Eggs of the Crimson Finch are of a regular oval form, plain
white, and devoid of gloss. They vary from -59 to '66 in length, and
from *44 to '46 in breadth.
2. North Queensland, 6th Jan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. North Queensland, 3rd Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
344
2. North Queensland, 20tli Feb. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Herbert River, Queensland. S. Boyd, Esq. [P.]
4. Herbert River, 7th Jan. (J. A. Crowley Bequest.
Boyd : North Coll.).
Genus ESTRILDA, Swainson.
The eggs of all the members of this genus are of a rather broad
oval shape, and pure white devoid of gloss.
Estrilda astrilda (Linn.).
Estrelda astrild, Gurney, Ibis, 1862, pp. 31, 156 ; Sharpe, ed. Layard,
Birds S. Africa, p. 470 (1875-84); Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 178
(1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 194 (1905).
Estrilda astrilda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 391 (1890) ; Butler,
Foreign Finches in Capt. p. 142 (1895) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds,
i. p. 98 (1900) : Sparrow, J. S. Afr. Orn. U. i. p. 10 (1905) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 450 (1909) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 335 (1910).
The eggs of the Common Waxbill measure from '52 to '65 in
length, and from -4 to '46 in breadth.
5. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
8. Natal. Capt. S. G. Reid [0.1.
2. Pinetown, Nalal, 17th Mar. Capt. G. E. Shelley [P.].
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
5. Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 18th Nov. Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.j.
(E. Seimund $ C. H~B. Grant).
2. Mauritius (E. Newton : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Lucia, Mauritius, April (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
3. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, Dec. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
1. Grahamstown, Cape Colony, Feb. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Estrilda cinerea ( Yield.}.
Estrilda cinerea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 394 (1890) ; Reich.
Vog. Afr. iii. p. 182 (1904); SMley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 203 (1905) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 452 (1909; ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 335
(1910).
Habropyga cinerea, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 338.
Three eggs, said to be those of the Black -rumped Waxbill,
measure respectively : '56 by *43 ; -54 by *41 ; and '52 by "41.
2. [N.E. Africa.] Crowley Bequest.
1 [N.E. Africa] (Rey Coll}. Crowley Bequest.
ESTRILDA. — UR.-EGINTHUS. 345
Estrilda vinacea (IfartL).
Lagonosticta vinacea, Sharpe, Cat. Birch B. M. xiii. p. 286 (1890).
Estrilda vinacea, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 191 (1904); Shelley, Birds
Afr. iv. p. 224 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 455 (1909).
An egg of the Vinaccous Waxbill is of a narrow oval form,
without gloss, and plain white. It measures -65 by "45.
1. Laid in confinement. Mrs. F. Villiers [P.],
Genus UE^EGINTHUS, Cabanis.
The eggs of all the members of this genus are oval in shape,
pure white, and without gloss.
Urseginthus phcenicotis, Swainson.
Urseginthus phoenicotis, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. p. 619 (1871); Kuschel,
J. f. O. 1895, p. 389; Sharpe, Han d-L v. p. 456 (1909); Nehrk.
Kut. Ziersamml. p. 335 (1910).
Estrilda phoenicotis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 400 (1890).
Urseginthus bengalus (Linn.}, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 207 (1904) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 186 (1905).
Eggs of the Ruby-cheeked Cordon-bleu vary in length from
•57 to '65, and in breadth from '4 to *43.
The eggs from Witu are smaller and the majority are unusually
rounded. They measure about '48 by *41.
3. Laid in confinement. Mrs. F. Villiers [P.].
2. Laid in confinement (Colonel Fagari). Crowlev Bequest.
1. Elgeyu, B.E. Africa, llth July.' F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
8. \\itu, B.E. Africa, 10th May. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Urseginthus angolensis (Linn.}.
Estrilda angolensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 402 (1890) ; Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 102 (1900) ; Symonds, J. S. Afr. Orn. U.
ii. p. 28 (1906) ; Nea^e (nee Rrichenoiv, 1902), Mem. Lit. Phil. Soc.
Manchester, li. no. 10, p. 95 (1907).
UrSBginthus bengalus angolensis, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 209 (1904).
Ureginthus angolensis, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 182 (1905) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 457 (1909).
Two eggs of the Angola Cordon-bleu measure respectively :
•6 by -42, and -57 by -4.
1. Petauke, N.E. "Rhodesia, 2nd March. S. A. Nenve, E?q. [C.l.
1. East Coast of Natal, 26th Nov. G. A. K. Marshall, Esq. [P.].
346 PLOCEIDJ5.
Uraeginthus damarensis, Reichenow.
Mariposa cyanogastra, Gurney, in Anderss. Birds Damaral. p. 179
(1872).
Uraeginthus bengalus damarensis, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 209 (1904).
Uraeginthus damarensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 457 (1909).
Two eggs of the Damaralarid Cordon-bleu measure respectively :
•55 by *45, and -52 by -42.
2 (out of 4). Ondonga, Ovampoland, Crowley Bequest.
29th Mar. (C. J. Andersson:
Tristram Coll.).
Genus SPOROPIPES, Cabanis.
Sporopipes squamifrons (Smith).
(Plate XIV. figs. 10 & 12.)
Sporopipes squamifrons, Gurney, in Anderss. Birds Damaral. p. 177
(1872); Sharpe, ed. Layard's Birds S. Afr. p. 451 (1875-84);
id., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 407 (1890) ; Kuschel, J, f. O. 1895,
p. 336 ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 86 (1900) ; Reich. Toy.
Afr. iii. p. 16 (1904); Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 298 (1905);
Roberts, J. S. Afr. Orn. U. ii. p. 11 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 457 (1909).
Four eggs of the Scaly-fronted Weaver-bird are of a slightly
pointed oval form and devoid of gloss. In three the ground-colour
is pale greenish-white heavily blotched over the greater part of the
shell with ash-brown and dull lilac ; with a few scattered spots
and twisted scrawls of darker brown. In the fourth the ground-
colour is pale blue heavily mottled and clouded, especially about the
larger end, with dark lilac-grey with rather indistinct and blurred
umber-brown spots and markings round the middle. They measure
respectively : -65 by -46 ; -63 by -46 ; '61 by 45 ; -6 by -43.
1. Bloemfontein, O.R.C. (B. Hors- Hon. J. A. Bucknill [P.].
brugh).
3. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(T. Ay res: Tristram Coll.).
Genus MALIMBUS, Vieill.
Malimbus rubricollis (Swains.).
Malimbus rubricollis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 478 (1890) ;
Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 19 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 346
(1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 460 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 335 (1910>
An egg of Swainson's Malimbe is of a regular oval shape, slightly
pointed at one end, and devoid of gloss. It is uniform pale blue,
and measures '86 by '61.
1. Seuegambia (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest,
SYCOBROTUS. — OT1IYPIIANTES. 347
Genus SYCOBROTUS, Calanis.
Sycobrotus gregalis (Licht.).
(Plate XIV. fig. 13.)
Sycobrotus bicolor, Sharps, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 432 (1875-84)
Sharpe (nee VieilL), Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 422 (1890); Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 72 (1900) ; Sparrow, J. S. Afr. Orn. U.
\. p. 9 (1906) ; Xehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 336 (1910).
Ploceus gregalis, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 32 (1904).
Sycobrotus grejralis, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 306 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 463 (1909).
Twelve eggs of the Black-backed Weaver-bird differ but little in
colour, shape, and markings. They are of a rather long oval shape,
with little or no gloss. The ground-colour is pale blue or pale
greenish-blue, profusely spotted all over the shell with light red and
lilac-grey, the markings varying from the size of a pin's head to
minute dots. They vary in length from -85 to '91, and in breadth
from -6 to -62.
3. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, Dec. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
(L. Palmer).
1. Blaauw Krantz, 11th Dec. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C."
4. Blaauw Krantz, Jan. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C/
1. Blaauw Krantz, 2ud Jan. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [U.
3. Ilowieson's Poort, near Grahams- B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.
town, 3rd Dec.
Genus OTHYPHANTES, Shelley.
Otiiyphantes reichenowi (Fischer).
(Plate XIV. fig. 9.)
Ileterhyphantes reichenowi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 418
(1890).
Ploceus reichenowi, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 28 (1904).
Otiiyphantes reichenowi, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 451 (1905) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 465 (1909;.
The eggs of Reichenow's Weaver-Finch are of a rather long oval
form and devoid of gloss. The ground is pale pinkish white, with
small blotches and spots of light red and lilac-grey scattered over the
entire shell, but rather more numerous towards the larger end.
They measure respectively : '89 by *6, and '85 by *6.
2. Busoga, B. E. Africa, 10th May. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
348 PLOCEIDJS.
Genus HETERHYPHANTES, Sharpe.
Heterhyphantes melanoxanthus (Cab,}.
Jleterliyphantes melanoxanthus, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 416
(1890) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 383 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v.
p. 467 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 336 (1910).
Symplectes melanoxanth.ua, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 334.
Ploceus melanoxanthus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 43 (1904).
Two eggs of Cabanis' Black-and-Yellow Weaver-Finch are of
a rather long pointed oval form and devoid of gloss. The ground
is white, blotched and spotted almost entirely towards the larger
end with dull purplish-red and lilac-grey. They measure respec-
tively : -83 by -55, and -80 by -55.
2. Witu, B.E. Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Heterhyphantes nigricollis (Vieill.}.
(Plate XIV. figs. 14 & 15.)
Heterhyphantes nigricollis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 415
(1890) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 381 (1905); Sharpe, Hand-l. \.
p. 467 (1909).
Symplectes nigricollis (Vieill.), Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 335.
Ploceus nigricollis, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 44 (1904).
One egg of Yieillot's Black-and-Yellow Weaver-Finch is of a
somewhat elongate oval shape and slightly glossy. The ground-
colour is pale greenish-blue, with small and rather blurred spots of
reddish-brown and faint violet-grey scattered all over the shell,
but rather more numerous towards the larger end. It measures
•85 by -58.
Two eggs collected by Mr. Bates have the ground pinkish-white,
and are finely freckled all over with small spots and dots of pale
light red and lilac-grey, the markings being most numerous at the
larger end. They measure respectively : '83 by '6, and '75
by -58.
1 (from clutch of 3). IVDallo Tando, Dr. W. J. Ansorge [C.].
N. Angola, 21st Dec.
2. Bitye, River Ja, Cameroon, 22nd G. L. Bates, Esq. [C.].
May.
Genus HYPHANTURGrUS, Cabanis.
Hyphanturgus ocularius (Smith).
(Plate XIV. figs. 18, 19, & 20.)
Ploceus ocularius, Gumey, Ibis, 1862, p. 37 ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 45
(1904).
IIVPIIAXTUKGUS. 349
Jlyphanturgus ocularius, Sliarpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Afr. p. -l-">o
(1875-84) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 385 (1905) ; Sharp*, lland-l.
v. p. 407 (1909) ; jfekrk. Kat. Eicrwmml. p. 336 (1910).
Sitagra ocularia, Sharpe, Cat. Jiird* />'. M. xiii. p. 427 (1890) ; Stark,
Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 66 (1900) j Sparrow, J. S. Afr. Orn. U.
\. p. 9, pi. L (1906).
Symplectes ocularius, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 334.
Eggs of Smith's Weaver-bird are of a rather long and somewhat
pointed oval form. The ground is white, pinkish-white, pale
greenish-white, or very pale blue, and generally spotted more or
less all over the shell with dull maroon, or pale brown and purplish-
grey. They vary from '8 to -96 in length, and from -58 to -61 in
breadth.
2. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.]. '
3. Durban, Natal, Nov. Major R. Sparrow [E.l
3. Durban, Nov. Major R. Sparrow [E.J.
3. Durban, Nov. Major R. Sparrow [E.J.
3. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.
2. Grahamstown, Cape Colonv, Oct. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colon}', Nov. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
(L. Palmer).
Hyphanturgus brachypterus (Swains.).
Sitagra brachyptera, Sharpc, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 429 (1890).
Symplectes brachypterus, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 334.
Ploceua ocularius brachypterus, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 47 (1904).
Hyphanturgus brachypterus, Shell ei/, Birds Afr. iv. p. 389 (1905) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 468 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 336
(1910).
Four eggs of Swainson's Spectacled Weaver-Einch are of a rather
long oval shape and devoid of gloss. They vary much in colour
and markings. The ground is very pale greenish-blue or white ;
two of the eggs are rather thickly and finely spotted with light red
and lilac ; another has a few rather distinct scattered reddish-brown
spots, mostly towards the larger end ; the fourth is white with a
few faint smudges of umber. Three eggs measure respectively :
•9 by -63; '81 by -6; and -8 by -6.
1. Senegarnbia (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Gunnal, Portuguese Guinea, 15th Dr. W. J. Ansorge [C.].
July.
!>. Gunnal, 27th July. Dr. W. J. Ansorge [C.].
Hyphanturgus aurantius ( Vieill.).
(Plate XIV. figs. 16, 17, & 21.)
Hyphantornia aurantius, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 444 (1890).
Ploceua aurantius, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 49 (1904).
350 PLOCEIDJ5.
Xanthophilus aurantius, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 472 (1905).
Hyphanturgus aurantius, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 468 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 337 (1910).
Ten eggs of the Orange Weaver-Finch taken by Mr. Jackson at
Entebbe are of a rather long oval shape and without gloss. They
present two different types of coloration. In one clutch the ground
is pale blue, rather thickly marked all over with spots and small
blotches of dull purplish and lilac. In the other four clutches the
ground, which is mostly obscured, varies from pale greenish-bnfF
to grejish, and is more or less densely clouded or blotched and
spotted with purplish or dull chestnut and lilac. Some have the
markings more or less clearly denned, in others they are suffused.
They vary in length from -85 to -9, and in width from -55 to '59.
2. Entebbe, 13th Jan. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.l. -
f>- Entebbe, 13th Jan. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.J.
2. Entebbe, 13th Jan. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [0. '.
2. Entebbe, 6th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.I
2. Entebbe, 24th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.J
Genus MELANOPTERYX, Reichenow.
Melanopteryx nigerrima ( Vieill.).
Melanopteryx nig-errima, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 476 (1890) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 362 (1905); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 469
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 337 (1910).
Hyphantornis nigerrima, Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 334.
Ploceus nigerrimus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 50 (1904).
Eggs of Vieillot's Black Weaver-Finch vary in shape from a long
pointed oval to a rather wide pointed oval, one egg being pointed
at both ends. They are without gloss, and vary in colour from a
uniform very pale blue to pale blue. They vary in length from '82
to 1'03, and in breadth from '58 to -68.
2. Entebbe, Uganda, 13th Jan. F. J. Jackson, Eeq. [C.J,
2. Entebbe, 13th Jan. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.J.
2. Entebbe, 13th Jan. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
2. Entebbe, 18th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.I.
2. Entebbe, 19th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.J.
2. Entebbe, 19th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq. rC.],
2. Entebbe, 19th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 19th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 24th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 24th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
3. Entebbe, 4th March. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
3. Entebbe, 4th March. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 4th March. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 9th March. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
1. Bimbi, Cameroon, 12th Dec. Crowley Bequest.
MELANOFTERYX. HYPnANTORNIS. 351
Melanopteryx castaneofusca (Less.).
Cinn.inioplorvx castaneofuaca, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 472
(1890) ; "Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 357 (1905).
Ifyphantornis castaneofusca, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 334.
Ploceus ca.staneofuscus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 53 (1004).
Melanopteryx castaneofusca, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 470 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 337 (1910).
Two eggs of the Chestnut-and-Black Weaver-Finch, laid in
captivity, are of a rather long pointed oval form and slightly glossy.
One is pale blue, the other pale bluish-white, without any markings.
They measure respectively : 1/0 by "66, and -98 by -68.
2. Laid in captivity (Dr. Kuttcr). Crowley Bequest.
Melanopteryx rubiginosa (Riipp.).
Cinnamopteryx rubiginosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 473 (1890).
Plocous rubiginosus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 55 (1904).
Ilyphantornis rubiginosus, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 432 (1905).
Melanopteryx rubiginosa, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 470 (1909).
Seven eggs of Kiippell's Chestnut Weaver-Finch vary from a
regular oval to a rather pointed oval shape, and are slightly glossy.
They are uniform pale bright blue or deeper blue tinged with
greyish. They vary in length from '83 to *88, and in width from
•56 to -65.
4. Njemps, Lake Baringo, 13th July. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
3. Njenijw, 13th July. F. J. Jackscn, Esq. (_C.J.
Genus HYPHANTORNIS, Gray.
Hyphantornis femininus, Grant.
(Plate XV. figs. 2 & 3.)
llyphantovnis abyssinicus, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 429 (1905) [part.].
Ploceus abyssinicus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 57 (1904) [part.].
Hyphantoruis femininus, Grant, Butt. B. O. C. xxi. p. 15 (1907) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 470 (1909) ; Grant, Trans. Zool. Soc. xix. p. 277 (1910).
Thirteen eggs of the Uganda Black- and- Yellow Mantled Weaver-
Finch are all of a rather long pointed oval shape and have little or
no gloss. The ground varies from white to pale greenish-white,
greenish-blue, and pale blue. Some examples are uniform or
nearly so, others are more or less profusely marked with small
spots and sometimes small blotches of reddish-lilac or reddish-
brown and pale lavender-grey. They vary in length from *90 to
•98, and in width from *59 to -05.
352 PLOCEIDJ3.
2. Elgeyu, Kamasia Mts., B. E. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Africa, 9th July.
2. Elgey u, llth July. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.
3. Entebbe, Uganda, 7th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 7th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 7th Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.
2. Entebbe, 9th March. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Hyphantornis cucullatus (Mull.}.
Hyphantornis cucullatus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 451 (1890) ;
Rendall, Ibis, 1892, p. 219 ; Kuschcl, J. f. O. 1895, p. 332 ; Shelley,
Birds Afr. iv. p. 423 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 471 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 337 (1910).
Ploceus cucullatus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 59 (1904).
Seven eggs of the Hooded Weaver-Finch are of a sharply-pointed
oval shape and without gloss. The ground varies from white to
cream-colour, pale bluish- or greenish-white. Some examples are
nearly uniform, others finely spotted and freckled, more so at the
larger end than elsewhere, with umber, pale chestnut or maroon,
and underlying dull purple. They vary in length from '87 to '95,
and in width from '55 to -61.
4. West Africa. Crowley Bequest.
1. River Gambia, W. Africa, llth Dr. P. Kendall [P.].
July.
2. Gambia. (Laid in captivity.) Dr. E. Hopkinson [P.].
Hyphantornis nigriceps, Layard.
Hyphantornis nigriceps, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 436
(1875-84) ; «/., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 456 (1890) ; Kmchel,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 332 ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 56 (1900) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 419 (1905); 'Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 471
(1909) ; Nehrk, Kat. Eiersamml. p. 337 (1910).
Ploceus nigriceps, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 62 (1904).
Three eggs of the Black-headed Weaver-Finch are of a rather
pointed oval shape and somewhat glossy. The ground is pale blue
or pale greenish-blue ; one is without any markings ; the other two
are freckled all over with small spots and dots of pinkish-brown or
umber-brown and lavender-grey. They measure respectively : -89
by -62; -93 by '62 ; and -92 by -58.
1. Zanzibar. Crowley Bequest.
1. Zanzibar. Crowley Bequest.
1. [Zanzibar.] Crowley Bequest.
Hyphantornis spilonotus ( Vig.).
Ploeeus spilonotus, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 212; Reich, rfy. Afr. iii.
p. 64 (1904).
Hyphantornis spilonotus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 437
PITAORA. 353
(187"> S.I); Marpc, Cut. Itinh />. .Tf. xiii. p. 408 (1890); Kuschel,
J. f. 0. IS!)-", p. :',:;i : Mark, F<nnm S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 60 (1900) ;
Shelley, Hird* Afr. iv. p. 416 (1905): Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 471
(1909) ; Xe/trlt. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 337 (1910).
Eggs of the Spotted-backed Weaver-Finch vary from a regular
oval to an elongate narrow oval shape, and are without gloss.
They are of two distinct types : those with the ground greenish-
blue and those with the ground white. Each type is either plain
or profusely freckled all over with small blotches or very small
spots of pale purplish-red and lilac. They vary in length from '88
to 1-03, and in width from -63 to -67.
21. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [0.].
Jan. (L. Palmer}.
3. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C."
Stangei, Natal, 21st Oct. Major R. Sparrow
Stanger, 21st Oct. Major R. Sparrow
Stanger, 21st Oct. Major R. Sparrow
Stauger, 22nd Oct. Major R. Sparrow
Stanger, 22nd Oct. Major R. Sparrow
Pondoland. Crowley Bequest.
Genus SITAGRA, Eeichenb.
Sitagra aliena,
Sitagra aliena, Sharpe, Bull. B. O. C. xiii. p. 21 (1902) ; Sharps, Hand-L
v. p. 472 (1909) ; Oyiluie-Grant, Trans. Zool. Soc. xix. p. 279, pi. xix.
fig. 18 (1910).
Ploceus alienus, Reich. V<iy. Afr. iii. p. 68 (1904).
11 yplianturgtis alienus, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 392 (1905).
Two eggs of the Alien Weaver-Finch are of a long oval shape
and devoid of gloss. The ground is creamy-white, thickly speckled
with brick-red and with a few underlying spots of lavender-grey.
They measure respectively : -93 by -58 ; and -88 by -59.
2. Mubuku Valley, E. Ruwenzori, Subscribers to the Ruwenzori
6000 -ft., 23rd Jan. (I). Car- Exped. [P.].
rut hers).
Sitagra jacksoni, Shelley.
Hyphantornis dinridiatus, Sharpe (nee Antin. fy Salvad.), Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 459 (1890).
Ploceus jacksoni, Shelley, Ibis, 1888, p. 293 ; Reich. Yog. Afr. iii. p. 68
(1904).
Hyphantornis jacksoni, Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 333 ; Shelley, Birds Afr.
iv. p. 435 (1905); Ogikie-Grant, Trans. Zool Soc. xix. p. 276,
pi. xix. figs. 2 & 4 (1910).
Sitagra jacksoni, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 472 (1909) j Kehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 337 (1910).
Eggs of Jackson's Golden-backed Weaver-Finch are of a blunt
VOL. v. 2 A
354
PLOCEIDJ3.
oval form and devoid of gloss. The ground is pale greenish-blue,
in one instance creamy-white, and the markings are of three
different types: (1) finely and closely freckled all over with dull
purplish-brown and lilac-grey ; (2) thickly blotched and spotted
with the same colours, the markings being concentrated towards
the larger end and forming a more or less irregular cap ; (3) rather
sparingly marked with distinct rounded spots, marks, and blotches
of deep chocolate-brown and pale lilac. They vary from '76 to '86
in length, and from '55 to -58 in breadth.
Entebbe, Uganda, March.
Entebbe, March.
Entebbe, March.
Entebbe, March.
Entebbe, March.
Elgeyu, Kamassia Mts., 13. E.
Africa, 3rd March.
Elgeyu, 1 1th July.
Elgeyu, 14th August.
Elgeyu, 14th August.
Elgeyu, 14th August.
Elgeyu, 14th August.
Witu, 13. E. Africa (Dr. Fischer).
F. J. Jackson, Esq. |C.~
F. J. Jackson, Esq. j C.
E. J. Jackson, Esq. C.
E. J. Jackson, Esq.
E. J. Jackson, Esq. u
F. J. Jackson, Esq. C.
F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
:. fC.1.
F. J. Jackson, Esq.
F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Crowley Bequest.
Sitagra dimidiata, Antin. $ Salvad.
Ilyphantornis dimidiatus, Antin. $ Salcad. Atti R. Acad. Torino, 1873,
p. 300; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 436 (1905).
Ilyphantornis fischeri, Skarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 458 (1890) ;
Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 332.
Tloceus fischeri, Meich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 70 (1904).
Sitagra dimidiata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 472 (1909).
Sitagra fischeri, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. D. 472 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 338 (1910).
Eggs of Fischer's Weaver-Finch are stated by Nehrkorn to display
the same amount of variation as those of S. jacksoni described above.
The only specimen in the Collection has the ground greenish-blue,
and is densely and rather faintly freckled all over with pale umber
and grey. It measures '77 by '55.
1. East Africa.
Crowley Bequest.
Sitagra melanocephala (Linn.}.
Ilyphantornis melanocephalus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 457
(1890) ; Kendall, Ibis, 1892, p. 220 ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 439
(1905).
Ploceus melanocephalus, Reich. To//. Afr. iii. p. 71 (1904).
Sitagra melanocephala, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 472 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
JEiersamml. p. -328 (1910).
Three eggs of the Black-headed Weaver-Finch are of a narrow
elongate oval shape, somewhat glossy, and of three distinct types of
SIT AGRA. 355
coloration. One is olive-^rcen in colour, another is pale chestnut-
brown, and a third is pinkish-buff'. They measure respectively
•78 by -55 : '79 by -55 ; and -86 by -54.
3. River Gambia, W. Africa, 4th Dr. P. Kendall [P.],
Sitagra intermedia
Ilvphantornis intermedium, Sharpp, Cut,, Birds B. M. xiii. p. 460 (1890) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 401 (1905) [part] ; Oyileie-Grant, Trans.
Zool. 'Soc. xix. p.' 270 (1910).
Hyphantornis cabanisi, Kusehelj J, f. O. 1895, p. 33.°).
Ploceos cabanisi, Reich. Toy, Afr. iii. p, 73 (1904) [part.],
Sitagra cabanisi, Shar/M, H<md-l. v. p. 473 ^1909) « part.] ; Nehrk. Kat,
£iersammlt p. 338 (1910).
Two eggs of Cabanis's Weaver-Finch are of a long pointed oval
form, devoid of gloss and pure white. They measure respectively
-82 by '55 ; and -85 by '56.
1. Zanzibar, B. E. Africa. Crowley Bequest.
1. Witu7 B. E. Africa- (Dr. Fischer). Crowley Bequest.
Sitagra pelzelni (Hard.).
Icteropsis pelxelui, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p, 410 (1890),
iSitagra pelzelni, Kmchel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 331 ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv.
p. 394 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p, 473 (1<J09; j Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 338 (1910).
Ploceus pelzelni, Retch. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 75 (1904).
Eggs of Pel/.eln's Slender-billed Weaver-Finch vary from a
regular to a rather long and somewhat pointed oval shape. They
are devoid of gloss and pure white. They vary in length from '7
to '75, and in width from *51 to '56.
2. Entebbe, Uganda, 2nd Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, Kith Feb. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe, 3rd March. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
3. Entebbe. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe. F. J. Jackson, Esq.
2. Entebbe. F. J. Jackson, Esq,
-<?„].
0.1
c.
'Pi
cl
o.f.
c..
Sitagra luteola (Licht.).
Sitagra luteola, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 45 (1890); Kuschcl,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 331 : Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 397 (1905) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 474 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEifrnamml. p. 338 (1910).
Ploceus luteolus, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 76 (1904).
An egg of Lichtenstem's Slender-billed Weaver- Finch is of a
356
PLOCEID.E.
regular oval shape, slightly glossy, and pure white. It measures
•75 by *55.
1. Lado (Emm Pasha: Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Sitagra velata ( Vie-ill.).
Hyphantornis mariquensis, Ayres. Ibis, 1873, p. 284 ; Bucknitt fy Gron-
vold, J. S. Afr. Orn. U. ii. p. 5, pi. i. figs. 7-16 (1906).
Hvphantornis velatus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Afr. p. 439 (1875-
84) ; Butler, Feilden $ Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 257 ; Ayres, Ibis, 1885,
p. 345; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 464 (1890); Kuschel,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 333; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 58 (1900) ;
Haagner, Ibis, 1901, p. 16 ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 404 (1905).
Ploceus velatus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iil. p. 78 (1904).
Sitagra velata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 474 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 338 (1910).
A large series of eggs of the Black-fronted Weaver-Finch vary
greatly in shape, size, and coloration. They are mostly lengthened
ovals, some pointed sharply at one end, others blunt, and not a few
specimens are cylindrical, with the two ends quite similar. The
following types of coloration occur : white with a few extremely-
minute brown specks ; cream-colour, spotted and mottled with
chestnut-brown and pale purple ; cream-colour, marked with rich
chestnut, chocolate-brown, and purple ; light green, densely marked
with minute specks and some spots of chestnut-brown and pale
purple ; greenish-blue, boldly blotched with chestnut and pale
purple ; blue, distinctly spotted with chestnut, chocolate, and
purple. Specimens intermediate between any two of these types
are also to be found. They vary from '75 to T05 in length, and
from -45 to "68 in breadth.
2.
South Africa.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.I.
2.
South Africa.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
4.
South Africa.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.j.
1.
Natal.
T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].
3.
Natal.
T. Ayres, Esq. [C.~.
3.
Natal.
T. Ayres, Esq. [O.j.
5.
Natal.
T. Ayres, Esq. [C.J.
2.
Natal.
T. Ayres, Esq. [C.J.
4.
Natal.
T. Avres, Esq. [C.J.
11.
Natal.
T. Ayres, Esq. [O.J.
4.
Natal, Nov.
Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
2.
Natal, Nov.
Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
2.
Natal, Nov.
Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
1.
Natal, Nov.
Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
3.
Grahamstown (Tristram Coll.}.
Crowley Bequest.
5.
Nels Poort (T. Atmore : Tris-
Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
3.
Deelfontein, 20th Nov. (C. H.
Col. A. T. Sloggett [P.].
B. Grant}.
3.
Kuruman, 19th Dec.
R. B. Woosnam and
R. E. Dent, Esqrs. [C.].
SIT AGRA. 357
2. Kuruman. 19th Dec. R. B. Woosnam and
R. E. Dent, Esqr.s. [C.].
2. Kuruman, 20th Dec. R. B. Woosnam and
R. E. Dent, Esqrs. [C.].
1. Kuruman, 3rd Feb. R. B. Woosnam and
R. E. Dent, Esqrs. [C.].
1. Kroonstad, Orange River Colony, Major II. Sparrow [E.].
17th Nov.
3. Kroonstad, O. R. C., 1st Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.].
9. Transvaal (T. Ay res : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Transvaal (7'. A.: Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
5. Johannesburg, Dec. C. C. Roberts, Esq. [P.].
4. Crocodile River, 20 miles west J. A. Bucknill, Esq. [P.].
of Pretoria, Dec. ( C. B. Ilors-
bruyh).
Sitagra auricapilla, Sivains.
(Plate XV. fig. 1.)
Ilvphantornis velatus, Gurney (necVieill.}, in Andersson's Birds Damara-
land, p. 1G9 (1872) ; S/iarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 464 (1890) ;
Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 58 (1900) [part.].
Ploceus auricapillus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 79 (1904).
Jlyphantoniis tahatali, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 408 (1905).
Sitagra auricapilla, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 474 (1909).
Eggs of the Damaraland Black-fronted Weaver-Finch are indis-
tinguishable from those of S. velata, the same varieties as those
described above being found among the series.
13. Damaraland (C. J. Andersson : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Ondongo, Ovampoland, 12th Crowley Bequest.
March (C. J. A.: Tristram
Coll.).
2. Ondongo (C. J. A.: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Sitagra uluensis (Neumann).
(Plate XV. fig. 4.)
Hyphantornis vitellinus, Sharpe (nee Licht.), Ibis, 1891, p. 254; Jackson,
Ibis, 1899, p. 616 ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 442 (1905) [part.].
Hyphantornis uluensis, Neumann, J.f. O. 1900, p. 282.
Ploceus vitellinus uluensis, Xeich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 82 (1904).
Sitagra uluensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 474 (1909).
An egg of the Ulu Weaver-Finch is of a regular oval shape and
without gloss. The ground is pale blue, with dots and rounded
spots of sepia-brown and lilac, rather larger and more numerous
towards the broad end. It measures '74 by '54.
1. Kamassia Mts., B. E. Africa, 12th F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
July.
358 PLOCEIDJE.
Sitagra capensis (Linn.).
Fringilla aurea, Thien. Fortpjlanz. aes. Vog. p. 431 (1845-54).
Fringilla caffra, Thien. torn, cit, tab. xxxvi. fig. 8.
Hyphanturgus olivaceus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 433
(1875-84) [part.].
Sitagra capensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 430 (1890) ; id., Hand-l.
v. p. 475 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 338 (1910).
Hyphantornis capensis, Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 331.
Ploceus capensis, lleich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 86 (1904).
Xantliophilus capensis, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 462 (1U05).
Eggs of the Cape Weaver-Finch are of an elongate oval shape,
the two ends being much alike. They are devoid of gloss, and of
a deep blue colour. They measure from -92 to 1-05 in length, and
from '63 to *7 in breadth.
4. South Africa. W. Radclifte Saunders; Esq.
[P.].
6. South Africa, E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. South Africa (E. L. Lay aid). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. South Africa. Gould Coll.
G. Cape of Good Hope. II. F. Walter, Esq. [P.].
2. Cape of Good Hope (E. L. L. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Sitagra olivacea (Halm).
Hyphanturg-us olivaceus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Afr. p. 433
(1875-84) [part.].
Hyphautornis capensis, Butler, Feilden fy lieid, Zool. 1882, p. 256.
Sitagra catfra, Sharj e, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 431 (1890).
Sitagra capensis caii'ra, Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, \. p. 70 (1900).
Ploceus capensis olivaceus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 87 (1904).
Xantliophilus olivaceus, Shelley, Birds Afr, iv. p. 465 (1905).
Sitagra olivacea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 475 (1909).
The eggs of the Natal Weaver-Finch are indistinguishable from
those of IS. capensis.
3. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
18th Nov. (L. Palmer).
3. Hards Veldt, Cape* Colony, 5th B. E. .Tupp, Esq. [C. i.
Nov. (L. P.).
3. Hards Veldt, 5th Nov. (B. E. J.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
5. Newcastle, Natal, 13th Jan. Major K. Sparrow.
4. Newcastle, 4th Sept. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.].
3. Natal, Dec. Capt. Savile G. Reid [P.J.
3. Transvaal (T. Ayres : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
3, Belfast; Transvaal, 3rd Jan. Capt. W. A. Payn [P.].
SITACRA. 359
Sitagra subaurea (Smith).
(Plate XV. figs. 9 & 10.)
llypliniitornis subaurcus, Gunu'if, If>is, 1873. p. 255 ; Ai/rcs, Ibis, 1873,
p. 2S2 ; Sharpe, Cat. Hint* '/>'. J/. xiii. p. 445 (1890J ; Mark, Faun.
S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 63 (1900) ; Sparrow, J. ti. Afr. Orn. U. i. p. 9
(1905),
Ploceus subaureus, Reich. 77A/. Afr. iii. p. 90 (1904).
Xanthophilus subaureus, StoUey, Birds Afr. iv. p. 482 (1905).
Sitngra flubaurea, Sharpe, Hand- 1. \. p. 476 (15J09) ; Nebrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 339 (1910).
The eggs of the Algoa Bay "Weaver-Finch are of an elongate
pointed oval shape and without gloss. The ground varies from
pure white or pule cream-colour to bluish-white or pale blue.
Some are uniform, while others are rather sparingly dotted and
spotted with reddish-brown and violet-grey. They measure from
•85 to '95 in length, and from -57 to '65 in breadth.
10. Natal. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].
Sitagra aureiflava (Smith).
Ilyphantoruis aureiflavus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M, xiii. p. 446 (1890) ;
Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 331.
Ploceus aureoilavus, Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 91 (1904).
Xanthophilus aureoflavus, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 477 (1905).
Sitagra aureiflava, Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 476 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
'samml. p. 339 (1910).
Two eggs, said to be those of the Mnana Weaver-Finch, are of a
pointed oval shape, without gloss, and uniform pale blue. They
measure respectively : "88 by '61 ; and '32 by '6.
2. East Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Sitagra bojeri (Fitisch $ HartL).
(Plate XV. figs. 5-8.)
Hyphantornis bojeri, Fischer, J. f. O. 1878, p. 284 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 448 (1890) ; KuscheL J.f. O. 1895, p. 332.
Ploceus bojeri, Reich. Votj. Afr. iii. p. 92 (1904).
Xanthophilus bojeri, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 480 (1905).
Sitagra bojeri, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 477 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 339 (1910).
Seven eggs of Bojer's Golden Weaver-Finch are of a rather
pointed oval form and slightly glossy. They vary greatly in colour,
the ground being greyish - white, pale yellowish -brown, pale
greenish-blue, or rather deep greyish-green, more or less distinctly
spotted and freckled all over with dull purplish, pinkish-brown, or
greyish-brown. In an egg with the ground-colour yellowish-brown,
360 PLOCEID^J.
the markings are very faint and merely indicated by indistinct
cloudings of a darker shade. They vary in length from '73 to '83,
and in width from '53 to "57.
7. E. Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Sitagra xanthoptera, Finsch $ Hartl.
(Plate XV. figs. 11 &12.)
Hyphantornis xanthopterus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 4 14 (1890).
Ploceus xanthopterus, Reich. Voy. Afr. iii. p. 94 (1904).
Xanthophilus xanthopterus, Shelley ,' Birds Afr. iv. p. 469 (1905).
Sitagra xanthoptera, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 477 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 339 (1910).
The eggs of the Yellow-winged Weaver-Pinch are of an elongate
oval shape, frequently almost elliptical, glossy, and of many types
of coloration. In one type, they are of an olive-green colour; in
a second, they are almost uniform chestnut-brown ; in a third,
they have the ground-colour pale-buff covered by a dense freckling
of chestnut-brown ; in a fourth the eggs are grey, very thickly
speckled all over with pale chestnut. They are very uniform in size,
measuring from '8 to '86 in length, and from -56 to -6 in breadth.
10. Ruo River, British Central Africa, A. B. Percival, Esq. [C.].
Feb.
Sitagra galbula (Rtipp.}.
(Plate XV. figs. 14 & 15.)
Hyphantornis galbula, Heugl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. i. pt. 2, p. 557 (1870);
Yerbury, Ibis, 1886, p. 18; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 442
(1890) ;' Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 331.
Ploceus galbula, Reich, Voy. Afr. iii. p. 95 (1904).
Xanthophilus galbula, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 474 (1905).
Sitagra galbula, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 477 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 339 (1910).
The eggs of the Golden Weaver-Finch are of an elongate oval
shape and devoid of gloss. They are of two types : those with the
ground pale blue, and those with the ground white or creamy-white.
The pale blue eggs are either thickly speckled and spotted with
lilac and pale reddish-brown, or marked with numerous specks and
some spots of dark chocolate-brown or purplish-black and under-
lying pale purple. The white or cream-coloured eggs are either
heavily blotched and spotted with light red and purplish-grey, or
more finely marked with small spots and dots of purplish-brown
and lilac-grey. They measure from '8 to '88 in length, and from
•54 to '6 in breadth.
3. Lahej, Aden, 15th April. Col. J. W. Yerbury [P.].
1. Keren, Bogosland (Th. Hevglin). Crowley Bequest.
SITAGRA. FOUDIA. 361
2. ITarrar, S. Abyssinia, 9th June. Mr. P. Zapliiro [C.l
V. JIarrar, 10th June. Mr. P. Zaphiro [0.1.
3. Ilarrar, 13th June. Mr. P. Zaphiro [C.t
4. Wad Medina, Blue Nile, 20th Capt. H. N. Dunn [P.].
Sept.
4. Wad Medina, 20th Sept. Capt. H. N. Dunn [P.].
Sitagra castanops (Shelley}.
(Plate XV. fig. 13.)
Hyphantornis castanops, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 443 (1890).
Ploceus castanops, Reich. Vbg. Afr. iii. p. 96 (1904).
Xanthophilus castanops, Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 471 (1905).
Sitaarra castanops, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 477 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 339 (1910).
Three eggs of the Nile Brown- throated Weaver-Finch vary in
shape, two being of a rather pointed oval form and the third a perfect
ellipse. They are without gloss, and the ground-colour in all three
is pinkish-white ; the elliptical egg is almost unmarked, but the
other two are covered with fine indistinct markings of pinkish-
brown and yellowish-brown, most dense towards the larger end
where they form a cloudy cap. They measure respectively : '85 by
•59 ; -8 by '58 ; and '74 by '55.
3. Entebbe, Uganda, 6th April. F. J. Jackson, Esq. [C.].
Genus FOUDIA, Reichenb.
Foudia madagascariensis (Linn.}.
Foudia madagascariensis, Coican, Proc. It. Phys. Soc. Edin. vii. p. 149
(1882) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii- p. 433 (1890) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. iv. p. 488 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 478 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 339 (1910).
Ploceus madagascariensis, Milne-Edward* fy Grandidier, Hist. Kat.
Madag., Ois..i\. p. 449, pi. 304. fig. 9 (1885).
The eggs of the Madagascar Weaver-Finch are of a pointed oval
form, fairly glossy, and of a very pale blue colour. They measure
from -67 to -78 in length, and from -53 to '55 in breadth. One
specimen which is almost spherical in shape measures "61 by '57.
4. Madagascar (Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
4. Madagascar (Rev. W. Deans W. Badcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Cowan). [P.].
12. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].
2. Mauritius (E. Kewton : Tristram Crowlev Bequest.
Coll.).
2. Lucia, Mauritius, April (E. N. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
362 PLOCEIDJS.
Foudia flavicans, E. Newton.
Foudia flavicans, E. Newton^ Ibis, 1885, p. 153; Sharpe. Phil. Trans.
clxviii. p. 461 (1879) ; id, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 434 (1890);
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 495 (1U05) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 479
(1909).
Two eggs of the Rodriguez Weaver-Finch are of a regular oval
shape, slightly glossy, and of a very pale blue colour. They
measure respectively : -75 by '51 ; and '12 by '52.
2. Rodriguez (G. Gulliver : ' Transit Royal Society [P.].
of Venus ' Exped.).
Genus NELICURVIUS, Bonap.
Nelicurvius nelicourvi
Hyphantornis pensilis, Cowan, Proc. R. PJiys. Soc. JEdin. vii. p. 149
(1882).
Ploceus pensilis, Milne-Edwards 8r Grandidier, Hist. Nat. Mctdag., Ois.
ii. p. 446, pi. 304, figs. 8, 8 a (1885).
Nelicurvius nelicourvi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M, xiii. p. 436 (1890) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 459 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 479
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kai. Eiersamml. p. 339 (1910).
The eggs of Cowan's Weaver-Finch are almost elliptical in shape
(the two ends being nearly alike), slightly glossy, and of a pale blue
colour. They measure from -8 to '82 in length, and from -58 to '6
in breadth.
4. Madagascar (Tristram Coll.], Crowley Bequest.
3. Madagascar (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
5. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].
Genus PLOCEELLA, Oates.
Ploceella javanensis (Less.).
(Plate XV. figs. 17 & 20.)
Ploceella javanensis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 180 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests § Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 124 (1890) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 474 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 480 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 339 (1910).
The eggs of the Burmese Golden Weaver-Finch are generally of a
pointed oval shape and possess a considerable amount of gloss. They
are varied in colour and Mr. Hume thus describes them : — " The
ground-colour is white, greenish or greyish-white, a delicate dove-
grey or pale purplish stone-colour ; and while one or two of the
FLOCK ELL A. rLOCEUS. 303
latter colour are quite free from markings, the great majority are
some thinly, some thickly, speckled and finely freckled with palo
greyish, greenish or purplish neutral tint. The markings, except
an occasional black hair-line, are, in at least two-thirds of the eggs,
so minute that, looked at from a distance of a couple of feet, the
eggs appear to be of one uniform grey, some darker, some lighter,
some with a sepia tinge, some with a slight brown tinge, some with
the faintest possible purple shade, some greenish ; but a grey stone-
colour is the prevailing tint of a large body of eggs, amongst which
perhaps one in twenty or thirty is pure white with onlv a few
brown specks scattered here and there, and a good many, perhaps
one in ten, are a very pale grey, which look white amongst the
darker varieties, though when placed beside a white egg they are
distinctly grey.*' They measure from -08 to '78 in length, and
from -5'2 to '58 in breadth.
13. Pegu, June (E. If". Oates). Hume Coll.
25. Pegu, July (E. W. O.). ' Hume Coll.
21. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
47. Pegu, June (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
27. Pegu, July (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
0. Pegu, Aug. (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
7. Pegu, Sept. (E. W. O). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 24th Aug. (E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Thatoue Creek, Teuasserim, 4th Crowley Bequest.
Oct. (Capt. 7?. C. Beavan;
Tristram Coll.}.
3. Thatone Creek, 4th Oct. (R. C. Crowley Bequest.
JJ. : Tristram Coll.).
6. Siam, June(L.Layard: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Genus PLOCEUS, Cuvier.
Ploceus bays, BlytU.
Ploceua philippinus, Layard, A. M. N. H. 2nd ser. xiii. p. 257 (1854) ;
Lefff/e, Birds Ceylon, p. 641 (1879).
Ploceus baya, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Bird*, ii. p. 175 (1890) ; id., ed.
Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. Birds, ii. p. 114 (1890); Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 488 (1890); id., Hand-l. v. p. 480(1909);
Xchrk. Kat. Eiersamnd. p. 340 (1910).
The eggs of the Baya or Common Indian Weaver-Finch are long
ovals, pointed at the smaller end. They have a slight gloss and
are plain white. They measure from '7^ to -9 in length, and from
•52 to -62 in breadth.
3. Saharunpur, N.W. Provinces, Hume Coll.
India. 29th June.
2. Agra, 80th July. Hume Coll.
2. Agra, 5th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Agra, J 6th Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Agra, 23rd Aug. Hume Coll.
2. Agra, 4th Sept. Hume Coll.
364
PLOCEID.l?:.
4. Agra, 5tli Sept.
3. Aligarh, July.
5. Aligarh, Aug.
3. Lucknow, llth Aug.
5. Allahabad, 20th July.
4. Mirzapur, loth Sept. ( W. E.
Brooks: Tristram Coll.).
2. Jhansi.
5. Jhansi, Aug.
3. Belgaum (Capt. W. Pack
Tristram Coll.).
3. Saugor, C. Provinces.
3. Salem, Madras, Aug.
1. Nilghiris (Walhome: Tristram
Coll.}.
13. Wynaad, S. India, 28th Sept.
1. Ceylon (E. L. Layard).
3. Ceylon.
Humo Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohui Coll.
Ploceus atrigula, Hodys.
Ploceus megarhynchus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 176 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 119 (l890).
Ploceus atrigula, Sharps, Cat. Birch B. M. xiii. p. 491 (1890); id.,
Hand-l v. p. 480 (1909) ; NeJirk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 340 (1910).
The eggs of the Eastern Baya or Weaver-Finch are not separable
from those of P. laya, but on the whole they are rather larger.
5. Sikhim Terai, 5th May. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 10th May. Hume Coll.
15. Sikhirn Terai, 27th May. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 30th May. Hume Coll.
5. Sikhim Terai, 1st June. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim Terai, 14th June. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 2nd July. Hume Coll.
4. Sikhim Terai, 16th July. Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim Terai, 25th July. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 3rd Aug. Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 1st June (E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 15th July (E. W. O.).' Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 25th July (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
2. Rangoon, 25th Aug. (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Klang, Malay Peninsula, 12th Jan. Hume Coll.
Ploceus bengalensis (Linn.).
Ploceus bengalensis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 177 (1890) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, ii. p. 120 (1890) ; Sharne,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 493 (1890; ; id., Hand-l v. p. 480 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 340 (1910).
The eggs of the Black-throated Weaver-Finch are quite indis-
tinguishable from those of P. baya. Seven specimens measure from
•75 to -8 in length, and from -54 to -6 in breadth.
1. Etawah, India, 4th Sept. Hume Coll.
1. Etawah, llth Sept. Hume Coll.
PLOCKl'S. — AM HLYOSIMZA. 3G5
2. Jhepiijuck Jliil, Ktawali, 15th Sept. llmm> Coll.
(Jr. K Brooks).
2. Jheenjuck Jhil, 14th Oct. (W. Hume Coll.
E. B.}.
1. Faridpur, Bengal, 18th June (J. Hume Coll.
E. Cripps}.
Ploceus inanyar (Horsf.}.
Ploceus manyar, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 646 (1879) ; Gates, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Birds, ii. p. 179 (1890) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests 8? Eggs Lid. Birds,
ii. p. 121 (1890); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 496 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 481 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 340 (1910).
The eggs of the Striated Weaver-Finch are not separable from
those of P. baya.
7. Sind, India (J. H. Gould}. Gould Coll.
2. Etawah, 4th Sept, ( W.E.Brooks: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
2. Bhurtna, 27th July (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Fyzabad. Hume Coll.
13. Milana, Deesa, Sept. (E. A. Hume Coll.
Bvtler).
2. Tsilghiris (Walhouse: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
26. Pegu, 20th June (E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.
6. Pegu, 29th Sept. (E. W. O.}. Oates Cull.
Genus AMBLYOSPIZA, Sundev.
Amblyospiza albifrons ( Vig.}.
(Plate XV. figs. 18 & 19.)
Amblvospiza albifrons, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 501 (1890) ;
Kuschel, J. f. O. 1895, p. 3-36 ; Stark, Faun. S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 80
(1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 98 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv.
p. 303 (1905) ; Sparrow, J. S. Afr. Orn. U. i. p. 10 (1905) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 481 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 340 (1910).
Eggs of the Southern Grosbeak- Weaver are of an ordinary or
rather long oval shape and without gloss. The ground varies from
white to creamy-white or pinkish-white. Some eggs are rather
heavily marked all over the shell with spots and dots of pinkish-
brown or maroon and lilac-grey ; in others the markings take the
form of minute dots, which become rather dense towards the larger
end where they form a sort of cap. Some again have but few
markings, and these are almost entirely confined to the larger end,
while others are sparingly marked with small reddish-brown spots
scattered over the entire shell. They measure from '82 to -86 in
length, and from -61 to '65 in breadth.
366 PLOCEIDJS.
3. Blaauw Krantz, Cape Colony, Dec. 13. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.j.
(L. Palmer).
3. Natal, Nov. Major R. Sparrow [E
Natal, Nov. Major K. Sparrow [E.
Uingeui River, Natal, 3rd Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.
Umgeni River, 3rd Dec. Major R. Sparrow [E.j
Amblyospiza unicolor (Fischer § Reichenow).
(Plate XV. fig. 16.)
Pyrenestes unicolor, Fischer, J.f. O. 1873, p. 283 ; 1880, p. 193.
Amblvospiza unicolor, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 503 (1890) ;
Kmchel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 336; Reich. Voa. Afr. iii. p. 99 (1904);
Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 306 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 481
(1909; ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 340 (1910).
Eggs of the Black Grosbeak- Weaver resemble those of A. albi-
frons. Two are sparingly marked with reddish-brown on a pinkish-
white ground ; one is very handsomely marked, being heavily
blotched round the larger end with purplish-red. They measure
respectively : -83 by -59 ; -88 by -(51 ; -95 by -63.
3. East Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Amblyospiza melanonota
Amblyospiza melanonota, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 504 (1890) ;
Rei'-h. Voa. Afr. iii. p. 100 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 307
(1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 481 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 340 (1910) ; Offttvie-Grrant) Trans. Zool. Sue. xix. p. 282, pi. xix.
tigs. 15 & 16 (1910).
Egga of Heuglin's Grosbeak- Weaver resemble those of A. albi-
frons ; one set of three eggs has the ground-colour pale pinkish-
white, spotted, especially towards the larger end, with maroon-red ;
a second set of two eggs has the ground-colour pale reddish-white,
marked all over with spots of light red. They measure from *85
to '95 in length, and from '58 to -6 in breadth.
2. Moukia, S.E. Ruwenzori, 3400 ft., Subscribers to the Ruwenzori
17th Mny (D. Carruthers}. Exped. [P.].
3 Moukia. 22nd May (Hon.GeraldLeqge). Subscribers to the Ruwenzori
Exped. [P.].
Amblyospiza capitalba
Amblyospiza capitalba, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. J/. xiii. p. 504 (1890) ;
Reich. Vog. Afr. iii. p. 101 (1904) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. iv. p. 309
(1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 481 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 340 (1910).
Amblyospiza saturata, Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 353 5 Grant, in Bates, Ibis,
1909, p. 48.
KTIIKID.K. 367
Eggs of the A shan toe Grosheak- Weaver resemble those of
A. (tlhifrons. They vary from -86 to 192 in length, and from *G to
•t>3 in breadth.
1. West Africa ( 3feAr£or» Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Bitye, Ja River, Cameroon, 10th G. L. Bates, Esq. rP.J.
Oct.
1. Bitye, 18th Nov. G. L. B:it«s, Esq. [P.].
3. N'Dalla Tamlo, X. Angola, 22iid Dr. W. J. Ansorge [0.].
Dec,
3. VI >alla Tando, 30th Dec. Dr. W. J. Ansorge [C.].
Family ICTERID.E.
Genus ZARHYNCHUS, Oberliolser.
Zarhynchus wagleri (Gray}.
Ocyalus wagleri, Sol. # Sale. P. Z. S. 1879, p. .508, pi. xliii. fig. 3.
Eucorystes wagleri, Scl. Cat. Bird* II. M. xi. p. 312 (1886); Sah. $
Godtn. Biol. Centr.-Amd'., Aves, i. p. 436 (1886; ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 98 (1»99).
Zarhynchus wagleri wagleri, Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii.
p. 176 (1902).
Zarhynchus wagleri, Sharpe, Iland-l. v. p. 483 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 340 (1910;.
Eggs of Wagler's Hangnest vary much in shape, some being of
a rather wide oval form, others of a much elongate and pointed
oval shape: they exhibit only a trace of gloss. The ground is palo
greenish-blue, spotted and blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with
pale sepia-brown, dark chocolate-brown and lilac-grey. The
markings of the last-named colour are few, small and inconspicuous ;
the other markings are large and frequently confluent. They vary
in length from 1/2 to 1-5. and in breadth from -86 to -99.
3. Panama (McLeannan}. Salvin-Gcdman Coll.
2. llmnedius. Autioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godmau Coll.
Colombia ( T. K. Salmon).
2. Savanillas de Pirns, Costa Rica, Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
4th March.
2. Savanillas de Pirns, 4th March. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
1. Savanillas de Pirris, 4th March. Mr. C, F. Underwood fC.J.
1. Savanillas de Pirris, 4th March. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
1. Savanillas de Pirris, 25th April. Mr. C. F. Underwood [G.J,
368 ICTERIDJ5.
Genus GYMNOSTINOPS, Sclater.
Gymnostinops montezumae (Less.).
(Plate XVI. fig. 9.)
Ostinops montezumae, Boucard, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 58.
Gymnostinops montezumaj, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 313 (1886);
Sftlo. fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 437 (1886) ; Gosse,
Auk, v. p. 27 (1888) : Sharpe, Hand-l v, p. 484 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 340 (1910).
Gymnostinops montezuma, Ridgiv. Birds North 2f Middle Amcr. ii.
p. 180 (1902).
An egg of the Montezuma Hangnest is of a long pointed oval
form and devoid of gloss. The ground is pinkish-white, rather
sparingly marked with short irregular streaks and a few blotches of
dark chocolate-brown and underlying clouded markings of pale
lilac-grey. It measures 1-6 by 1-05.
1. Costa Rica, March. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.].
Gymnostinops guatimozinus (Bo nap.),
(Plate XVI. fig. ].)
Ostinops cruatemozinus, Scl $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 508.
Gymnostinops guatimozinus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 314 (1886) ;
Salv.fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 439 (1886); Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 98 (1899), p. 340 (1910;; Ridgw. Birds
North 8f Middle Amer. ii. p. 182 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 484
(1909).
Two eggs of the Colombian Hangnest are of a regular oval form,
slightly glossy, rough in texture, and covered with small pores.
They are pinkish-white, very sparingly blotched with chocolate-
brown and lilac-grey. They measure respectively : 1-38 bv -98 ;
1-33 by -98.
2. Remedios, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia ( T. K. Salmon}.
Genus OSTINOPS, Galanis.
Ostinops decumanus (Pall.).
(Plate XVI. figs. 2, 3.)
Icterus cristatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fig, 7 (1845-
54).
Ostinops cristatus, Wyatt, Ibis, 1871, p. 328.
OSTINOPS. — CACICTJS. 369
Ostinops decumanus, Scl. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 508; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. ;!I5 ( 1SSO); Sale, fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,
i. p. 440 (188G) ; Allen, Bull. Amer. MH*. N. H. in. p. 376 (1891) ;
Kehrk. Kai. Iwrsnmml. p. DO (1899), p. 340 (1910); Enter, Rev.
Mu*. Ptnilittd, iv. p. 32 (1900) ; Ilwrinff, Rev. Mus. Panlista, iv.
p. 217 (1900); llidyw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. ii. p. 184
(1902); SJiarpe, Uand-L \. p. 485 (1909).
The eggs of the Crested Hangnest are of a regular oval shape,
slightly glossy and of coarse texture. They appear to be very
variable in colour. Two specimens have the ground white and
two others have it pale greenish-blue, and they are both
sparingly spotted and blotched with deep black and lilac. Two
other examples are pale pinkish-white mottled and smeared with
lilac-grey. In addition, one is covered with a close tracery of fine
purplish-brown lines, and the other is marked with a few blackish
spots and blotches and some irregular lines of purplish-grey. They
measure from T25 to 1'4 in length, and from -9 to 1 in breadth.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. liemedios, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
2. Tobago. Dr. W. F. Brehot [P.].
2. Tobago. Dr. W. F. Brehot [P.].
Ostinops salmoni, Sclater.
Ostinops atrocastaneus, Scl. $ Salt). P. Z. S. 1879, p. 509, pi. xliii.
figs. 1,2.
Ostinops salmoni, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 317 (1880) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamird. p. 99 (1899), p. 341 (1910) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 485
(1909).
The eggs of Salmon's Hangnest are of a narrow oval shape, with-
out gloss and slightly coarse in texture. They are of two types.
In the first they are pinkish-white, blotched and smeared with two
shades of sepia-brown and with underlying lavender-grey. In the
second, the eggs are salmon-pink, spotted and mottled with pale
reddish-brown and lilac-grey, and marked, in addition, with a few
lines and specks of deep purplish-brown. They measure from 1*37
to 1-5 in length, and from *94 to 1 in breadth.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowlev Bequest.
3. Frontino, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Goduiau Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
1. Frontiuo (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Frontino (T. K. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus CACICUS, Lace^ede.
Cacicus persicus (Linn.).
Cassicus persicus, Scl. fy Salv. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 206; Layard, Ibis, 1873,
p. 381 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 321 (1886) ; Allen, Bull. Amer.
VOL. V. 2 F
370 ICTEKID^3.
Mus. N. II. iii. p. 377 (1891) ; Goeldi, Ibis, 1897, p. 361 ; Euler,
Rev, Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 33 (1900) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista,
iv. p. 219 (1900) ; Goeldi, Bol Mus. Paraense, iii. p. 203 (1901).
Cacicus persicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 486 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 341 (1910).
Two eggs of the Yellow Ilangnest, also known as the " Japirn,"
are of a somewhat pointed oval shape and without gloss. The
ground is white, sparingly marked, chiefly towards the larger end,
with spots and small blotches of deep chocolate-brown and lavender-
grey. They measure respectively : 1*15 (about) by '74, and T07
by '72.
1. San Esteban. Crowley Bequest.
1. Peru. Crowley Bequest.
Cacicus vitelliims (Lawr.).
(Plate XVI. fig. 8.)
Cassicus flavicrissus, Wyatt (nee Scl.], Ibis, 1871, p. 329 ; Scl. $ Salo.
P. Z. S. 1879, p. 509 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 322 (1886) ; Sal-o.
&r Godm. Biol Centr-Amer., Ares, i. p. 441 (1886) j Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 99 (1899).
Cacicus vitellinus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 486 (1909) : Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml p. 341 (1910).
The eggs of the Yellow-vented Hangnest are of a narrow, pointed
oval shape, without gloss and somewhat rough in texture. They
are white, spotted and blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with
chocolate-brown and lavender-grey. Four examples measure re-
spectively : 1-25 by '77 ; 1-25 by -72 ; MS by -8 ; 1-12 by -75.
"2. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Remedies, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (7'. K. Salmon).
Cacicus haemorrhons (Linn.).
(Plate XVI. fig. 4.)
Cassicus hsemori'hous, Max. Beitr. iii. p. 1230 (1831) ; Scl. Cat. Birds
H.M.xi. p. 324(1886).
Cacicus haemorrhous, Sharpe, Iland-l. v. p. 487 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 341 (1910).
Two eggs of the lied-rumped Hangnest are of a rather elongate
oval form and without gloss. The ground is white, spotted or
heavily blotched with reddish-brown and with underlying dots of
lilac-grey. They measure I'll by *75 and T08 by *73 respectively.
2. Iguape, Sao Paulo, Brazil, Crowley Bequest.
17th October.
AMBLYCERCUS. CAS3ICULUS. CASSIDIX. ~l
Genus AMBLYCERCUS, Cahtnis.
Amblycercus solitarius ( VieilL).
(Plate XVI. figs. 5, 6.)
Amblycercus solitarius, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 326 (188B) ; Aplin,
Jlti.*, 1804, p. 171 ; Ikcring, Rev. Mm. Paulista, iv. p. 219 (1900);
ti/t(intc>. Uand-l. v. p. 487 (1909): Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. S41
(1910).
Two eggs of the Solitary Cassique, also known as the " Boyero," are
of a long pointed oval form, pure white, and devoid of gloss ; one
egg has a few scattered spots and markings of deep brownish-black
and dull purplish-brown, the other has a few large irregular blotches
of purplish-brown and smaller markings of the same colour scattered
over the shell. They measure 1-12 by '74 and 1'2 by *75.
2. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.
Genus CASSICULUS, Swains.
Cassiculus melanicterus (Bonap.).
(Plate XVI. fig. 10.)
Cassiculus melanicterus, Laior. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. r. 278 (1874) ;
Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 328 (1886) ; Salv.% Godm. Biol. Centr.-
Amer., Aue*,\. p. 443 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 99 (1899)
p. 341 (1910); Ridgiu. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. ii. p. 191
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hatid-l. v. p. 488 (1909;.
Eggs of the Mexican Hangnest are of a broad oval shape and
devoid of gloss. They are very pale blue, sparingly spotted with
black and lavender-grey, the markings of the latter colour being,
however, very inconspicuous. Six examples measure respectively :
1-Hi by -85; 1-15 by -8; 1- 15 by -79; M by •»! ; 1-1 by -8;
1-09 by -81.
2. West Mexico. Crowley Bequest.
4. Oaxaca, Mexico. C. G. Kickards, Esq. [P.].
Genus CASSIDIX, Less.
Cassidix oryzivora (GmeL).
Mix oryzivora, Scl. Sf Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 510; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 329 (1886); Salo. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,
i. p. 444 (1886) ; Kuschel, J. f. O. 1897, p. 168 ; Goeldi, Ibis, 1897,
p. 36] ; Euler, .Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv, p. 37 (1900) : Ihering, Reu.
Mm. Paulista, iv. p. 219 (1900); Schulz, J. f. O. 1900, p. 242 ;
fioMi. Bui. Mus. Paraense, Hi. p. 203 (1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. \.
p. 488 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eierutmml. p. 341 (1910).
L'ussidix oryxivora violea, llidywaij Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 197
(1908).
372 ICTERID2E.
Two eggs of the Ruffed Hangnest are of very different size
and shape. Both are plain white, without gloss, and coarse in
texture. One example is an elongate oval and measures 1'42
by *9 ; the other is a short, blunt oval, and measures 1-15 by *85.
Nehrkorn describes the eggs as being dull bluish with a few
blackish-brown spots and hieroglyphics.
This bird, being parasitic in its nesting-habits, appears to lay
eggs of varied colouring.
2. Remedies, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Genus DOLICHONYX, Sivains.
Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linn.).
Dolichonyx oryzivora, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 149
(1874) ; Coues, Kei/ N. Amer. Birds, p. 400 (1884) ; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 331 (1886) ; Salv. $• Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Are*,
i. p. 448 (1886) j Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 429,
pi. vi. figs, 1, 2 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 99 (1899) ;
Ihering, Rev. Mus. Pmdista, iv. p. 219 (1900) ; Ridgway, B. North
$ Middle Amer. ii. p. 370 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 489 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 341 (1910).
The eggs of the Bobolink, or American Rice-bird, are of a regular
oval shape, smooth and glossy. They are pinkish- white or grey,
smeared, blotched and marked in various ways with rich brown,
pale purplish- or reddish-brown, and lavender-grey. The markings,
though often dense all over the shell, are more so at the broad end
than elsewhere. They measure from -82 to -92 in length, and from
•6 to -66 in breadth.
3. North America ( T. Buckley : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
1. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America. ' Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Rockingham, Vermont, 31st May. "VV. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. South Carolina (7'. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Genus TANGARIUS, Lesson.
Tangarius involucratus, Less.
Molothrus ffineus, Owen (new Wagl.}, Ibis, 1861, p. 61 ; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 334 (1886) [part,] ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer.,
Aves, i. p. 451 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 100 (1899).
Tangarius involucratus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 489 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 342 (1910).
The eggs attributed to the Red-eyed Cow-bird by Mr. R. Owen
are broad ovals, very glossy, and of a very pale blue colour. There
are a few small spots on some of the specimens, but they are
TAXGARIUS.--MOLOTHBU3. 373
probably stains acquired in the course of incubation. Seven
examples measure from '9 to 1-02 in length, and from *7 to "76 in
breadth.
These eggs agree with the description given by Nehrkorn.
7. S. (icronimo, Guatemala, 2nd Juue Salvin-Godmau Coll.
(R. Owen).
Taiigarius aeneus ( Wagl.).
(Plate XVI. fig. 7.)
Molothrus senetis, Lawr. Mem. Host. Soc. N. 11. ii. p. 281 (1874) ; Scl.
Cat. B. lirit. Mus. xi. p. 335 [part] (1885).
Callothrus seneus seiieus, Ritfgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii. p. 203
(1902).
Tangariua aeneus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 489 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kut. Eier-
samml. p. 342 (1910).
Two eggs, said to be these of the Bronzed Cow-bird, are of a long
pointed oval shape and devoid of gloss. They are greyish-white,
Mith crooked and twisted lines and markings of deep chocolate-
brown uud a few slighter lines of dark purplish-grey. They
measure respectively 1'09 by '65, and 1-0 by -0.
2. Mazatlan, Mexico {A. Forrer). Crowley Bequest.
Genus MOLOTHRUS, Swains.
Cf. Ludwig Holtz, J. f. 0. 1872, p. 193, Taf. i. figs. 2, a-e.
Molothrus ater (Bodd.).
Icterus pecoris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fig. 1 a, b
(1845-54).
Molothrus pecoiis, VerriU, Pr. Essex Inst. iii. p. 151 (1862) ; Baird,
Brewer 8f Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 154 (1874); Coues, Birds
N.-West, p. 180 (1874) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 333 (1886)
[part.] ; Salv. Sf Godm. Bid. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 450 (1887) ;
Xehrk. Kat. Eiermmml-. p. 99 (1899).
Molothrus ater, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 434, pi. vi.
tius. 3-6 (1895); Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 490 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 342 (1910).
Molothrus ater ooscurus, Bendire, t. c. p. 441, pi. vi. figs. 7, 8.
Molothrus ater ater, Ridgiv. Birds North 8f Midaie Amer. ii. p. 207
(1902).
The eggs of the North-American Cow-bird are of a somewhat
broad oval shape and moderately glossy. They are white or
greyish-white, densely speckled and mottled, especially at the broad
end, witli brown or dull reddish-brown and underlying lavender-
grey. They measure from *8 to *92 in length, and from '63 to -7
in breadth.
374
ICTERID.E.
2. North America (T. M. B reiver :
Tristram Coll.).
4. North America (I). G. Elliot:
Tristram Coll.).
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
North America (Smiths. Inst.).
North America, l:jth J une (Smiths.
Inst.).
North America (Henshaw Coll.).
Bangor, Maine, 1st June (G. Shep-
herd) (in nest of Sialia sialis).
Itlia -a, New York, 25th June
(W. E. D. Scott).
Massachusetts (Henshaw Coll.}.
Princeton, New Jersey (W.E.D.S.).
1. Princeton, 26th May (with 3 eggs
of Geotlilijpis trie-has).
1. Princeton, 13th J une ( IV.E D.S.).
2. Princeton, 14th June (with 2 eggs
of Icteria viridis).
1. Columbus, Ohio (P. M. Whealer :
Tristram Coll.) (in nest of
XiOpkophanes bicolor).
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Princeton University. N.J.
[E.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radclitt'e Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
Crowley Bequest.
Molothrus obscurus (Gmel.).
(Plate XVI. figs. 14 & 18.)
Molothrus ater obscurus, Sennett, Bull. U.S. Geol. fy Geocjr. Surr. Ten:
v. p. 396 (1879) ; Nehrlmg, Bull. Nutt. Orn. C. vii. p. 166 (1882) ;
Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 210 (1902).
Molothrus pecoris, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 333 (1886) [part.].
Molothrus obscurus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 490 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 342 (1910).
Four eggs of the Dwarf Cow-bird are similar to those of M. aler,
but smaller. They measure respectively: *83 by '62; -8 by '6;
•75 by -6 ; '75 by :58.
4. San Antonio, Texas, May (in nests
of Vireo belli).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Molothrus bonariensis (Gmel.).
Icterus bonariensis, Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fig. 12 (1845-
54).
Molothrus sericeus, Burmeister, La Plata Reise, ii. p. 494 <1861) ; Holtz,
J'.f. O. 1870, p. 15, Taf. i. fig. 1.
Molothrus bonariensis, Scl. P. Z. S. 1872, p. 862 ; Hudson, P. Z. S. 1874,
p. 153 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 335 (1886) j Scl % Buds.
Argent. Orn. i. p. 72 (1888) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 198 ; Aplm,
Ibis, 1894, p. 172; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 100 (1899) ; Euler,
Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 35 (1900) ; Ihering, t. c. p. 220 (1900) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 490 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 342
(1910) ; C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 103.
MOLOTHRTJ8.
375
The eggs of the Argentine Cow-bird are of an extremely short,
broad oval form, many specimens being spheroidal, and they possess
a considerable amount of gloss. They are very variable in colour.
]NIa n v are plain white ; others are white marked with specks of grey
or faint lavender; others are white or cream-colour, densely
spci'kled with chestnut and lavender; and others again are not
only speckled as in these last, but are also heavily blotched,
especially at the broad end, with deep chestnut-red and purplish-
j;rey. They measure from *8 to 1 in length, and from *7 to "8 in
breadth.
2. Brazil (AW/r7.wtt Coll. : Tristram
Coll.).
1. Brazil (with 2 eggs of Brachy-
*j)iza pileata, see p. 276).
1. Brazil ( with 3 eggs of B pileata).
1 . Brazil (with 3 eggs of B.pileata).
1. Brazil (with 4 eggs of B. pileata).
1 . Brazil (with 3 eggs of B.pileata).
1 1). Argentine Republic, Sept.-Dec.
(i. Argentine Republic.
0. Argentine Republic ( W. H. Hud-
son).
8. Buenos Ayres ( W. H. H.) (with
1 egg ot MilvuJus tyrannus).
3. Buenos Ayres (with egg of
l>r a cJiysp iza pileata) .
2. Buenos Ayres (with egg of
Milculus tyrannus).
2. Buenos Ayres ^with egg of M.
tyrannus).
3. Bueuos Ayres (with 3 eggs of
Pseudoleistes virescens, see p. 383).
1. Buenos Ayres (with 4 eggs of
P. virescens).
1. Buenos Ayres (with 2 eggs of
Anthus correndera, see p. 108).
2. Buenos Ayres (with 5 eggs of
Serphophaga niyricans).
3. Buenos Ayres.
17. Buenos Ayres ( W. H. H.).
1. Ajo, Buenos Ayres, 13th Nov.
(C. H. B. Grant) (with 3 eggs
of Brachyspiza pileata).
f>. Ajo, 9th Dec. (C. H. B. G.) (in
nest of B. pileata).
2. Aj 6, 1 8th Jan. ( C. H. B. G. ) (with
'2 eggs of B. pileata).
1. Ajo, 29th Dec. ( C. //. B. G.) (with
8 eggs of M. rufo-axillaris in
nest of M. badius, built inside
an old nest of Anumbius acuti-
cauduSj see p. 377).
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcline Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Crowley Bequest.
P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.]. '
P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
W. II. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.],
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
W. II . Hudson, Esq. [P.].
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.],
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
376
ICTERID2E.
6.
2.
2.
A jo, 1 2th Nov. ( C. H. B. G.) (with
3 eggs of Menila rnjlventer).
A jo, 20th Nov. ( C. H. B. G. ) (with
2 eggs of Jf. riifi venter).
Ajo, 1 2th Oct. ( C. If. #. tf.) (with
3 eggs of Mimus modulator).
Ajo, 7th Dec. (C. H.B. G.) (with
4 eggs of M. modulator).
Ajo, 30th Oct. (C.H.B. G.) (with
1 egg of Machetornis rixosd).
Ajo, 19th Nov. ( C. #: ^. (7.) (with
4 eggs of Tlf . rixosa) .
Ajo, 18th Oct. ( C. H. B. G.) (with
2 eggs oiTroglodytes hornensis).
Ajo, 26th Oct. ( C. H. B. G.) (with
4 eggs of T. hornensis).
Ajo, 7th Dec. (C. #..#. £.) (with
5 eggs of T. hornensis).
Ajo, 30th No v. ( C H. B. G.) (with
2 eggs of Synallaxis Jwdsoni).
Ajo, 12th Oct.(C.H.JS.G.) (with
3 eggs of Fnrnarius rufus).
Ajo, 19th Nov. ( C. #. #. G. ) (with
2 eggs of Serphophnya niyricans).
Mendoza (Burnwster).
Uruguay.
Uruguay.
Paraguay.
Paraguay (with 3 eggs of P»eudo-
leistes virescens, see p. 384).
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.I
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.J.
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.J.
Salvin-Godraan Coll.
O. V. Aplin
O. V. Aplin,
A. K. Mac
A. K. MacKinnon, E^q. [P.
O. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.J.
. V. Aplin, Esq. [P.J.
A. K. MacKinnon, Esq. [P.I.
Molothrus cassini, Finsch.
(Plate XVI. fig. 12.)
Molotlirus discolor, Scl. 8f Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 509.
Molothrus cassini, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 337 (1886) ; Sharp* ,
Hund-l. v. p. 491 (1909) ; Aehrk. Kat, Eiersumml. p. 342 (1910).
An egg of Cassin's Cow-bird is of a very broad oval shape, smooth
and glossy. It is greyish-white, thickly freckled and spotted with
pale reddish-brown and lavender-grey. It measures "9(5 by *77.
]. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Molothrus rufo-axillaris, Cassin.
(Plato XVI. figs. 11 & 13.)
Molothrus rufo-axillaris, Hudson, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 161 ; Scl. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 338 (1886) ; Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. L p. 86 (1888) ;
Holland, Ihis, 1892, p. 198; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 100 (1899) ;
Iheriny, Rev. Mm. Paulista, iv. p. 220 (1900) : Sharpe, Hand -I. v.
p. 491 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 342 (1910) ; C. Grant,
Ibis, 1911, p. 104.
MOLOTHRUS. G / /
Eggs attributed to the Screaming Cow-bird by Mr. Hudson are
elliptical in shape, the two ends being, however, rather pointed,
and moderately glossy. They are grey, thickly and evenly
speckled and mottled with pale purplish-brown and pale lavender.
Three examples measure respectively: *9 by *68; *9 by '69; '93
by •(>!).
* Eggs taken by Mr. Holland are of a regular oval shape and
moderately glossy. They are greyish-white, thickly freckled with
dark brown and underlying grey. They measure respectively:
•95 by -7 ; -97 by -7.
Four of the eggs taken by Miss Runnacles are of a redder type,
the ground being pinkish- white, and the numerous spots and freckles
all over the shell reddish-brown and lilac-grey. They measure :
•93 by -74 ; -9 by '7; -85 by -68 (two).
2. Argentine Republic, Nov.
2. Argentine Republic.
4. Argentine Republic.
5. Argentine Republic, Nov.
lit. Buenos Ay res.
•'5. Buenos Ayres.
3. Ajo, Buenos Ayres, 10th Oct.
(with 1 egg of Pseudoleistes
rirescens, see p. 384.)
3. Ajo, loth Nov. (C. H. B. G.)
(in nest of P. virescens).
5. Ajo, 24th Nov. (C. H. B. G.)
( with 4 e«gs of P. virescens).
4. Ajo, 17th Oct.
4. Ajo, 3rd Feb. (with 1 egg of M.
badius, see p. 378).
3. Ajo, 17th Feb. (with 2 esrgs of
M. baditts).
8. Ajo, 20th Dec. ( C. H. B. Grant)
I with 1 egg of M. bonariensis,
in nest of M. badius, in old nest
of Anumbius acuticauda, see
p. 375).
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
A. H. Holland, Esq. [C."|.
W. H. Hudson, Eeq.TP.J.
W, H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
Miss I. G. Runuacles [C.J.
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Miss I. G. Runnacles [C.].
Miss I. G. Runnacles [C.J.
Miss I. G. Runnacles [C.].
Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
Molothrus badius ( Vieill.).
Molotiirus badius, Jloltz, J. f. O. 1870, p. 19, Taf. i. fig. 2; Hudson,
P. Z. S. 1874, p. 159 ; Dalgletih, Proc. JR. Pltys. Soc. Edinb. vi.
p. 2-J5, pi. vii. tig. 4 (1880-1); Sd. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 338
(IS88) ; Scl. $ Huds. Argent. Orn. i. p. 95 (1888); Holland, Ibis,
1892, p. 198; Nehrk. Jt.r/. Eiersamml. p. 100 (1899); Eider, Rev.
Mus. Paulina, iv. p. 36 (1900) ; Ihering, t. c. p. 220 (1900) ; Sharpe,
Hand-lv. p. 491 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 342 (1910);
C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 104.
The eggs of the Bay-winged Cow-bird are of a rather broad oval
shape and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are white,
greyish-white, or pinkish-white, finely and densely mottled with
various shades of brown and underlung lavender or lilac-grey.
378
The markings are generally rather more dense at the broad end.
Three specimens measure respectively : -99 by -76 ; -96 by '73 ;
•95 by -73.
1. A jo, Buenos Ayres, 3rd Feb. Miss I. G. Runnacles [C.].
(with 4 eggs of M. rufo-axil-
laris, see p. 377).
2. A jo, 17th Feb. (with 3 eggs of Miss I. G. Runnacles [C.].
M. rufo-axillaris).
Genus AGEUEUS, Vieill.
Agelseus phoeniceus (Linn.}.
Icterus phoeniceus, Thien. Fortvflanz. ges. Vo<j. tab. xxxvii. fi^. 2, a. b
(1 845-54 j.
Agelaius phoeniceus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vb'y. tab. 76. fig. 14 (1855-
63) ; Batrd, Brewer $ Riih/w. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 159 (1874) ;
Bendire. Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 449, pi. vi. figs. 13, 14,
15 (1895). '
Agelseus phoeniceus, Coves, Birds N.-West, p. 186 (1874); Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 340 (1886 ; Seebohm, Eg (js of Brit. Birds, p. 231,
pi. 54. fig. 18 (189*5)'; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 100 (1899),
p. 342 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand -1. v. p. 491 (1909).
Agelaius phoeniceus phoeniceus, Ridyio. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. ii.
p. 330 (1902).
The eggs of the Red-winged Blackbird, or Red-shouldered
Starling, are of an oval shape, and moderately glossy. They are
pale bluish-green, often clouded at the ends with greyish-pink
or pale brown and sparingly marked, chiefly at the broad end, with
spots, streaks, and lines resembling those on the eggs of some
of the Buntings. These markings are black, brown, deep purplish-
red, and pinkish-brown, many of them being blurred at the
margins and running into the surrounding ground-colour.
Numerous eggs measure from '9 to I'l in length, and from '67
to -75 in breadth.
3. North America. Old Collection.
15. North America. Purchased.
12. North America (Henshatv Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
9. North America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. North America (T. M. B reiver : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. North America. Crowley Bequest.
2. North America (D. G. Elliot : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
3. Fort Resolution, Gt. Slave Lake, Salvin-Godman Coll.
June (J. Lockhart : Smiths.
Inst.}.
2. Canada. Salvin-Godman Coll.
6. Canada. Crowley Bequest.
4. Verruillion, South Dakota, 30th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
4. Readville, Massachusetts, 20th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
A(!i-:i, .r.rs.
Pennsylvania (11. !•]. 1) renter
Coll.).
Melburn, Now Jorsoy, ISth May
( /r. /;. D. Ncott). '
Princeton, X..I., 1st June ( W.
E.D.S.).
Princeton, Oth June (W. E. D.
A'.).
Princeton, 6th June ( W. E. D.
8.).
Princeton, 9th June ( W. E. D.
S).
Princeton, 9th June ( ?J". E. D.
8.).
Princeton, 9th June ( W. E. D.
ft)-
Lake of Dueiias, Guatemala.
Crowlcy Bequest.
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.],
Princeton University. N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University. N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University, N.J.
Salviu-Goduian Coll.
Agelaeus neutralis, Ridgw.
Auvlaius phcenieeus neutralis, Ridgway^ Birds North § Middle Amer.
ii. p. 33!) (1902).
ua noutrnli*. Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 492 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 343 (1910).
The eggs of the San Diego lledwing do not differ from those of
A. pliceidceus.
3. California (T. M. Brewer: Tru- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
2. California (.7. H. Gurnet/ : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
4. California, 24th April. W. Radcline Saunders, Esq.
Agelaeus caurinus, Itidgw.
(Plate XVI. fig. 15.)
Agelaius phoeniceus, Attwatcr (nee Linn.}, Auk, ix. p. 237 (1892).
Agelaius phoeniceus cauriuus, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 341 (1902).
Agelaeus caurinus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 493 (1909).
Two eggs of the North-Western Redwing do not differ from
those of A. phoeniceus.
2. Victoria, Vancouver, B.C. (Ward: Crowley Bequest.
H. Noble Coll.}.
Agelaeus tricolor (And.}.
Agelaeus tricolor, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 342 (1886) ; SJiarpe
Hand-L v, p. 493 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Liersamml. p. 343 (1910); '
Agelaius tricolor, Ridyway. Birds North §• Middle Amer. ii r> 304
(1902).
380
ICTEKID.E.
An egg of the Tricoloured Blackbird resembles those of A. plice-
niceus in colour, markings, and size.
1. California (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Agelaeus thilius (Mol.).
(Plate XVI. figs. 16 & 17.)
Icterus thilius, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fig. 9 (1845-54).
Agelaeus thilius, Sd. Cut. Birds B. M. xi. p. 343 (1886); Scl. fy Huds.
Arg. Orn. i. p. 97 (1888) ; James, New List Chilian .Birds, p. 3
(J892) ; Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 198 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 100
(1899) ; Ihcriny, Rev. Mus. Panlista, iv. p. 220 (1900) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. \. p. 493 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 343 (1910) ;
C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 105.
The eggs of the Yellow-shouldered Marsh-bird are of a narrow
oval shape and moderately glossy. They vary in colour from pale
greenish-blue to greyish-pink, spotted and blotched, chiefly at the
broad end, with black, deep reddish-brown or dark purplish-
brown. Some of the markings take the form of short, broad lines,
and these, when they occur, generally form an irregular wreath or
zone round the broad end. At this part also there are often some
smears and spots of pale lavender. Specimens measure from '8 to
1 in length, and from -6 to -7 in breadth.
1. Chile. Crowley Bequest.
2. Chile. Crowley Bequest.
1. Chile. E. C. Reed, Esq. [P.].
2. Santiago, Chile, 3rd Nov. (Bane : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll. ).
3. Central Chile (Landbeclt). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Land beck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
6. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
3. Ajo, Buenos Ayres, 8th Dec. Miss I. G. Ruimacles [C.J.
Agelaeus flavus (Gmel.).
(Plate XVII. figs. 1 & 2.)
Icterus flavus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Voq. tab. xxxvii. fig. 16 (1845-54).
Ag-elreus flavus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. A/.'xi. p. 346 (1886); Sri. $ Huds.
Ar<j. Orn. i. p. 98 (1888); Holland, Ibis, 1896, p. 315; Nehrk.
Kat. E ersumml. p. 100 (1899); Iherina, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv.
p. 221 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 494 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 343 (1910).
Xanthostomus flavus, Gibson, Ibis, 1885, p. 278.
The eggs of the Yellow-headed Marsh-bird are of a rather broad
oval form and moderately glossy. They are very pale greenish-
blue, speckled and blotched with pale chestnut-brown and lilac-
AGEL^ETTS. LEISTES. 381
grey, or with dark purplish-brown and lilac. There are no traces
of the lines which characterize the eggs of A. pliceniceus and many
of those of A. thilius. Seven specimens measure from '88 to '$'2
in length, and from -66 to -7 in breadth.
Argentine Republic, Nov. A. II. Holland, Esq. [0.1.
Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
Agelseus ruficapillus, Vieill.
(Plate XVII. fig. 7.)
Agelfeus ruficapillus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 347 (1886) : Scl. $
Hud*. Arg. Orn. i. p. 99 (J888): Ihering, llev. Mus. Paulixta, iv.
p. 221 (1900); Sharpe. Hand-l. v. p. 494 (1909): Nehrk. Kat,
Eiersamml. p. 343 (1910) ; C. Grant, Ibis, 1011, p. 105.
Eggs of the Red-headed Marsh-bird are of a rather pointed oval
shape, and very slightly glossy. The ground is pale blue, with
twisted lines or a number of spots and various irregularly shaped
small blotches of purplish-black, mostly confined to the larger end.
They vary from 1*0 to I'Oo in length, and from. '7 to 8 in
width.
2. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.
5. Sapucay, Paraguay, 31st Oct. W. Foster, Esq. [C.].
2. Sapucay, llth Dec. W. Foster, Esq. [C.].
Genus LEISTES, Vigors.
Leistes superciliaris (Bunap.).
(Plate XVII. figs. 4 & 5.)
Leistes superciliaris, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 349 (1886) ; Scl. Sf
Huds. Arg. Orn. i. p. 100 (1888); Holland, Ibis, 1892, p. 198;
Ihering, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 221 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 495 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 343 (1910).
The eggs of the Red-breasted Marsh-bird are of a rather broad
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are greyish-white or very
pale green, profusely speckled and mottled with reddish-brown and
lavender-grey. In some instances the markings form a dense cap
over the broad end. Eleven examples measure from -87 to -96 in
length, and from -62 to -73 in breadth.
3. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C."
2. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. 1C."
4. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C."
2. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. LC.
382 ICTERID^J.
Genus XANTHOCEPHALUS, Bonap.
Xanthoceplialus xanthocephalus (Bonap.}.
Xantliocephalus icterocephalus, Baird, Brewer Sf Ridgw. (nee Linn.)
N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 1(37 (1874).
Xanthoceplialus longipes, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 350 (1886) ; Salv.
$ Godm. Biol. Cent)-.- Amer., Aves, i. p. 455 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. lUO (1899).
Xanthoceplialus xanthocephalus, Bend-ire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 440, pi. vi. tig-s. 10-12 (1895); Eidyio. Birds North fy Middle
Amer. ii. p. 847 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-'l. v. p 495 (1909) ; Nehiti.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 343 (1910).
The eggs of the Yellow-headed Troupial are mostly of an
elongate oval shape and fairly glossy. They vary from greyish-
white to greenish-white, and are densely speckled and mottled
with various shades of brown, grey, and pale rufous. The markings
are most dense on the broad end of the egg, but seldom form a
conspicuous cap. Numerous specimens measure from 1 to 1*2 in
length, and from "7 to -78 in breadth.
2. North America (Smiths. Jnst.). Salvin-Godman Col].
12. "VVa-shoe Lake, Nevada (Hen- Salvin-Godman Coll.
shcnv Coll.],
9. Minnesota, 2nd June (Henshaiv Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.).
1. Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (T. M. Crowley Bequest.
Brewer: Tristram Coll.).
Iowa, lOrh June. Crowley Bequest.
Des Moines, Iowa, 24th May W. Radcliffe Saimders, Esq.
(J. B. Green). [P.].
Genus AMBLYKHAMPHUS, Leach.
Amblyrhamphus holosericeus
Amblyrhamphus rnber, Burm. La Plata Reise, ii. p. 491 (1861).
A mbl;y rhamphus holosericeua, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 351 (1886) ;
Scl. # Huds. Arg. Orn. i. p. 101 (1888); Ihering, Rev. Mus.
Paulista, iv. p. 221 (1900); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 495 (1909);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 343 (1910) ; C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 106.
Eggs of the Scarlet-headed Marsh-bird are of an ordinary oval
shape and glossy. They closely resemble eggs of the Common
Song-Thrush, the ground being pale blue, sparingly marked with
a few small spots and irregular marks of dark purplish-black and
purplish-grey. They measure respectively : I'Ol by '73 ; 1 by -73 ;
1 by "72 ; -98 by -74. These eggs agree with the description given
by Hudson, but not with that given by Burmeister. Nehrkorn
describes the ground-colour as yellowish-white.
1. A jo, Buenos Ayres, 15th Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(E. Gibson).
3. A jo, 23rd Dec. (C. H. B. Grant). Ernest Gibson. Esq. [P.J.
FSEUDOLE1STES. 383
Genus PSEUDOLEISTES, Sclater.
Pseudoleistes guirahuro (Vleill.}.
(Plate XVII. figs. 6 & 9.)
Pseudoleistes guirahuro, Scl Cat. lin-d* />'. M. xi. p. 352 (188G); Enler,
7.V/-. J/w/. Paul 1*1 <t, iv. p. 34 (1900) ; Iheriny, t. c. p. 221 (1900) ;
X/mri>(>, Hand-', v. p. 411.") (1<K)<)); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 344
(1910) j C/ii/46, 76/s, 1910, p. (342.
Eggs of the Yellow-backed Marsh-bird are of a broad oval shape,
sometimes almost spheroidal, and distinctly glossy. The ground
is pinkish-white mottled with pinkish and lilac-grey ; towards the
larger end the shell is spotted and blotched with deep chocolate
and brown-pink or maroon, some of the dark chocolate markings
taking the form of irregular lines and sometimes partially bordering
the brown-pink blotches. They vary from -9 to 1-08 in length,
and from -7 to *8 in breadth.
3. Sou tli Brazil. Crowley Bequest.
2. South Brazil. Crowley Bequest.
10. Sapucay, Paraguay, 20th Nov. W. Foster, Esq. ("C.I.
2. Sapucay. W. Foster, Esq [C.].
Pseudoleistes virescens (Vitill.).
Pseudoleistes virescens, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 352 (1886) ; Scl. fy
Huds. Arc/. Orn. i. p. 102 (1888); Holland, Ibis, 1892. p. 199;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Hitler, Rev.
Mas. Paulista, iv. p. 31 (1900) ; Ihering, t. c. p. 221 (1900) : Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 496 (1909j ; C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 107.
The eggs of the Yellow-breasted Marsh-bird closely resemble
eggs of P. ynirahuro, and are of a broad oval shape and glossy.
They are white or pinkish-white, densely speckled and blotched
with rich reddish-brown, brown-lake or maroon, and lavender-grey.
The markings are more or less confluent at the broad end of the
egg, and form an irregular /one or imperfect cap. Examples
measure from -94 to I'll in length, and from '72 to -8 in breadth.
2. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.
5. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.
5. Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. CO.].
5. Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.J.
3. Argentine Republic, Nov. A. H. Holland, Esq. ["C.J.
4. Buenos Ayres (with one egg of W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
Molothrus bonariemis) ^ (see
p. 375).
3. Buenos Ayres (with three eggs of W. H. Hudson, Esq. [P.].
M. bonui'tensix ) .
Ajo, Buenos Ayres, 30th Oct. (C'. Ernest Gibson, Esq. fP.1
' II.
384 ICTERID^.
4. Ajo, 24th Nov. (C\ H. B. ft.) Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
, (with five eggs of Moluthrus
rufo-a.rillaris, see p. 377).
1. Ajo, '10th Oct. (with three eggs of Miss I. G. Ptunnacles [C.].
M. rufo-axillaris).
3. Paraguay (with one egg of M. A. K. MacKinnon, Esq. [P.].
bonariensis) (see p. 376).
Genus CURJEUS, Sclater.
Curaeus aterrimus (Kittl.).
(Plate XVII. fig. 8.)
Curaeus aterrimus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 354 (1886); James,
New List Chilian Birds, p. 3 (1892) ; Lane, Ibis, 1897, p. 27 ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; tiharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 496 (1909).
The eggs of the Chilian Starling are of an oval shape, sometimes
broad, sometimes long and narrow, and moderately glossy. They
are of a bluish-white or very pale blue colour, frequently plain,
sometimes marked with a few black blotches, spots, lines, and
hieroglyphic-] ike figures at the broad end. They measure from
1-05 to 1-35 in length, and from -77 to -86 in breadth.
4. Chile. Old Collection.
1. Chile, March (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
2. Santiago, Chile, 29th Sept. ( Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
3. Teniuco, Southern Chile, 12th Nov. A. Saldana [C.].
2. Temuco, 14th Nov. A. Saldana [0.1.
4. Temuco, 19th Nov. A. Saldana [C.].
4. Temuco, 21st Nov. A. Saldana [0.1
3. Temuco, 26th Nov. A. Saldana [C.].
1. West Coast of Patagonia. Dr. Coppinger [P.].
Genus TRUPIALIS, Bonap.
Tmpialis militaris (Linn.).
(Plate XVII. figs. 11 & 12.)
Icterus militaris, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fig. 13, a, b
(1845-54).
Sturnella militaris, Abbott, His, 1861, p. 153.
Trupialis militaris, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 356 (1886) ; Scl. $ Huds.
Arg. Orn. i. p. 104 (1888) ; James, New List Chilian Birds, p. 3
(1892) ; Holland, Ibis, 1897, p. 286 ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml. p. 101
(1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Crawthay, Birds of Tierra del Fvego, p. 57
(1907); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 496 (1909) ; C. Grant, Ibis, 1911, p. 108.
The eggs of the Patagonian Marsh-Starling are of a regular or
somewhat narrow oval shape, and moderately glossy. They are
pinkish-white, marked, more thickly at the broad end than else-
where, witb smears, blotches, spots, and occasional lines of
TRUPIALIS. 385
chocolate-brown, purplish-brown, brownish-pink, and lilac. They
measure from 1*03 to 1'28 in length, and from*7 to *85 in breadth.
2. Chile. Old Collection.
1. Chile (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
2. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile, Oct. Berkeley James Coll,
3. Central Chile (Landbeck) . Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landfcck). Berkeley James Coll.
3. Central Chile (Landbeck). Berkeley James Coll.
2. Valparaiso, Chile, 12th Sept. ( Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Co//.).
4. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.].
5. Ajo, Buenos Ayres, 24th Dec. (C. Ernest Gibson, Esq. [P.].
H. B. Grant).
1. Falkland Islands (C. C. Abbott). Gould Coll.
1. Falkland Islands (C. C. A.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
0. Falkland Islands. Purchased.
1. Falkland Islands (C.C.A.: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
2. Falkland Islands. A. F. Cobb, Esq. [P.].
Trupialis bellicosa (De Fil.).
(Plate XVII. fig. 3.)
Sturnella bellicosa, Scl. $ Sah. P. Z. S. 1868, p. 569.
Trupialis bellicosa, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 357 (1886) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Skarpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 496 (1909).
According to Nehrkorn eggs of the Allied Marsh -Starling re-
semble those of T. militaris ; but examples in the Collection do
not bear out this statement. They are of an elliptical form, some-
what pointed at both ends, and slightly glossy. The ground is
white, sprinkled with minute dots of chestnut and lavender,
densely at the broad end, sparingly elsewhere. Four eggs
measure respectively: 1'18 by *8 ; 1-16 by '87; 1'16 by *78 ;
1-11 by *79.
1. Arequipa, S.W. Peru, March (H. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Whitely).
\. May, S.W. Peru, 7th Oct. (H. W. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. [Peru.] Crowley Bequest.
Trupialis defilippii, Bonap.
(Plate XVII. figs. 10 & 13.)
Trupialis defilippii, Scl Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 357 (1886) ; Scl. $ Huds.
Arg. Orn. i. p. 105 (1888); Holland, Ibis, 1895, p. 215; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Ihering, Re,v. Mu*.
Paulista, iv. p. 221 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 496 (1909).
•VOL. v. 2 c
386 ICTERID.E.
The eggs of De Filippi's Marsh-Starling closely resemble those
of T. militaris^ but are somewhat smaller. Two specimens, how-
ever, differ remarkably from the others in being of a narrow
elongate oval form, and in being cream-colour, densely mottled all
over with pale chestnut-brown. Examples measure from "92 to
1-12 in length, and from '68 to '78 in breadth.
2. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq.
3. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq.
3. Argentine Republic,- Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. [C.j.
4. Argentine Republic, Oct. A. H. Holland, Esq. C.J.
1. [Argentine Republic] (Nehrkorn Crowley Bequest.
Coll.: Tristram Coll.).
0.1.
0.1
XXI
Genus STURNELLA, Vidll.
Sturnella magna (Linn.).
Sturnella magna, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 174
(1874) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 358 (1886) [part.] ; Salv. Sf
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 456 (1887) [part.] ; Bendire,
Ufe-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 458, pi. vi. figs. 20, 21 (1895);
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 497 (1909).
Sturnella magna magna, liiduw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. ii. p. 357
(1902).
The eggs of the Meadow-Lark are generally of a broad oval
form and moderately glossy. They are white, speckled, spotted,
and blotched in some cases with pale chestnut-brown or pinkish-
brown, in others with dark chocolate-brown, and again in others
with a combination of the two colours. All have, moreover,
numerous underlying markings of pale lavender-grey. The mark-
ings, especially the larger ones, are generally densest on the broad
end of the egg, but they seldom form a well-defined zone or cap.
Some specimens are marked entirely with small spots, but the
majority have both spots and blotches. They measure from -91 to
1*2 ill length, and from '75 to *9 in breadth.
6. N. America. Crowley Bequest. „
2. N. America (T. M. Brewer : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
3. N. America (J. If. Gurney : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
8. N. America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. N. America (Henshaw Coll.}. Salviii-Godman Coll.
6. Minnesota, 21st Mav. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Summerfield, Munroe Co., Michi- W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
gan, oth May (J. Trombley). [P.].
4. Pennsylvania (D. G. Elliot :' Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
STURXELLA. 387
1. Barnegat, New Jersey, 28th June Princeton University, N.J.
( Jr. E. D. Scott)." [E.].
2. Princeton, New Jersey ( W. E. Princeton University, N.J.
1>. &). [E.].
Sturnella mexicana, Sclater.
Sturnella hippocrepis, ScL $ Sain. Ibis, 1859, p. 19.
Sturnella mexicana, Scl. Ibis, 1861, p. 179; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 497
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 344 (1910).
Sturnella magna, Salv. # Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 450
(1887) [part., Guatemala].
Sturnella magna mexicana, Bendire, Life- Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 461, pi. vi. fig. 22 (1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer.
ii. p. 362 (1902).
Eggs of the Mexican Meadow-Lark do not differ from those of
S. magna.
4. Duenas, Guatemala (O. Salviri). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sturnella inexpectata, Ridgw.
(Plate XVII. figs. 15 & 16.)
Sturnella magna inexpectata, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 364 (1902).
Sturnella inexpectata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 497 (1909).
Three eggs of the Central American Meadow-Lark resemble
the more strongly marked and blotched types of S. magna. One
specimen has a well-marked zone of pinkish-brown and lilac-grey
spots and blotches round the larger end.
2. Irazu, Costa Rica, 15th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.J.
1. San Pedro, Costa Rica, 17th May. Mr. C. F. Underwood [C.J.
Sturnella neglecta, Audub.
Sturnella neglecta, Lord, Proc. R. A. Inst. Woolwich, iv. p. 339 (1865) ;
Ridgiv. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii. p. 365 (1902) ; Shnrpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 498 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 344 (1910).
Sturnella ludoviciana, var. neglecta, Allen, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H. xvii.
pp. 46, 48, 60 (1874).
Sturnella magna neglecta, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 462,
pi. vi. figs. 23, 24 (1895).
Eggs of the Western Meadow-Lark are indistinguishable from
those of S magna.
2. Victoria, Vancouver, B.C. ( Ward: Crowley Bequest.
//. Noble Coll}.
9. British Columbia, May (.7. K. N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
Lord}.
2c2
388
3. Nevada, 3rd June (Henshaw Salvin-Godman Coll.
Coll.),
1. Carson City, Nevada, 21st April Salvin-Godman Cull.
(Henshaw Coll.).
4. Santa Cruz, California, 17th May. Crowley Bequest,
Sturnella meridionalis, Sdater.
Sturnella meridionalis, Scl His, 1861, p. 179; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 498
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 344 (1910).
Sturnella magna, Ihering (nee Linn.), Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 222
(1900).
An egg of the Venezuelan Meadow-Lark is similar to that of
5. magna.
1. Venezuela (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus ICTERUS, Brisson.
Icterus laltimore (Linn.).
Icterus Baltimore, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fi>. 3, a, b
(1845-54) ; Baird, Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Bird*, ii. p. 195
(1874); Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 364 (1886); Salo. fy Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 460 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 498 (1909).
Icterus galbula, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Btrds, ii. p. 482, pi. vii.
figs. 6-9 (1895) ; Ridgio. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 310
(1902).
The eggs of the Baltimore Hangnest are of a narrow and
sharply-pointed oval shape and moderately glossy. They are
greyish-white, marked with spots, blotches and lines, both fine
and thick, of black, brown or chocolate-brown and underlying
lavender. The lines at the broad end of the egg in one specimen
are complex and tangled, forming an irregular cap. The eggs vary
from '86 to 1 in length, and from -6 to -65 in breadth.
2. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Fort Dufferin, N.A., 14th June N. Amer. Boundary Cornm.
(O. M. Dawsori).
4 Cedar Kapids, Iowa, 5th June W. Radcliff'e Saunders, Esq.
(F. L. Pircks). [P.].
4 Chester, Pennsylvania (C. J. Princeton University, N.J.
Pennock). [E.].
5. Summit, New Jersey ( W. E. I). Princeton University, N.J.
Scott). [E.].
4, Princeton, N. J.. 6th June ( W. E. Princeton University, N.J.
D. S.). [E.].
7. Philadelphia (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Massachusetts (T. M. Brewer: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
ICTERUS. 389
Icterus bullocki (Swains.).
Icterus bullocki, Lord, Proc. R. A. Inst. Woolwich, iv. p. 339 (1865) ;
Baird, Brewer $ lliilyir. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 199 (1874; ;
Sennet t, Hull. U.K. Geo'l. Geoyr. Surv. Terr. iv. p. 25 (1878) ; Scl.
Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 365 (1886); Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-
Amer., Aves, i. p. 462 (1887) ; Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds,
ii. p. 486, pi. vii. figs. 10-13 (181)",) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 101
(1899), p. 344 (1910): Kidi/w. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii.
p. 314 (1902) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 498 (1909).
The eggs of Bullock's Hangnest are very similar to those of
1. baltimore already described. In three specimens in the series,
the system of lines at the broad end of the egg is very intricate,
and in two others the lines are fewer or altogether absent at that
part. Specimens measure from '8.1 to 1 in length, and from *6 to
•(37 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. British Columbia, July (/. K. N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
Lord).
1. Salt Lake City, Utah, 27th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(R. Ridyway : Henshaw Coll.).
2. California (T. M. Brewer: Tris- Crowley Bequest,
tram Coll.).
5. Los Angeles, California, 6th June W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
(A. Hunter). [P.].
Icterus spurius (Linn.).
Icterus spurius, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgiv. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 190
(1874); Scl, Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 366 (1886); Salo. $ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 464 (1887) ; Bendire, Life-Hist. N.
Amer. Birds, ii. p. 479, pi. vii. tigs. 3-5 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 101 (1899), p. 344 (1910) ; Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle
Amer. ii. p. 275 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. pr399 (1909).
Icterus spurius affinis, Sennett, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geoyr. Surv. Terr. v.
p. 397 (1879).
The eggs of the Orchard Hangnest are of a pointed oval shape
and somewhat glossy. They are greyish-white or faint bluish-
white, marked, chiefly on the broader half of the egg, with spots,
small blotches and hieroglyphic-like streaks of black, purplish-
brown and lavender. The eggs of this species lack entirely the
Idng and intricate tracery of lines to be found on the eggs of
/. baltimore and /. bullocki. The few lines present are all com-
paratively short. Specimens measure from '8 to -9 in length, and
from '58 to -6 in breadth.
4. North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
pP.}
4. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salviu-Godman Coll.
390
3. North America (J. G. Bell : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
2. North America (Henshaiv Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Chester, Pennsylvania (6'. J. Princeton University, N.J.
Pennock). [E.].
6. Louisiana (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Princeton, New Jersey, 13th June Princeton University, N.J.
( W. E. D. Scott). ' [E.].
4. Philadelphia (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. New Mexico (S. F. Baird: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
Icterus pyrrhopterus (VieilL).
Icterus pyrrhopterus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 368 (1886) ; Scl. &
Huds. Arg. Orn. i. p. 107 (1888) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 499 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 344 (1910).
An egg said to be that of the Chestnut-shouldered Hangnest
resembles eggs of /. spurius in lacking the tracery of lines. It is
faint greenish-white, with small blotches and spots of chocolate-
brown and lilac-grey, mostly confined to the larger end. It
measures -87 by -6.
1. [S. Brazil.] Crowley Bequest.
Icterus cayanensis (Linn.).
(Plate XVII. fig. 14.)
Icterus cajennensis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxvii. fig. 6 (1845-
54).
Icterus cayanensis, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 369 (1886) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 102 (1899), p. 345 (1910) ; Ihering, Rev. Mus.
Paulina, iv. p. 222 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 499 (1909).
Pour eggs believed to be those of the Yellow-winged Hangnest
are of a broad and blunt oval shape, and glossy. They are stone-
colour or pinkish-grey, marked, almost entirely in the form of a
zone or cap at the broad end, with spots, blotches and short lines
of black, chocolate- brown and lavender. They vary from '88 to 1
in length, and from '64 to '71 in breadth.
Nehrkorn describes eggs of this species as being blue-grey spotted
with violet and black over the entire shell.
4. South America. Old Collection.
Icterus wagleri, Sclater.
(Plate XVII. fig. 17.)
Icterus wagleri, Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 468 ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi.
p. 372 (1886) ; Salv. <§• Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 460
391
(1887); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 102 (1809), p. 345 (1010);
Ridyw. liirds North ,y Middle Amcr. ii. p. 207 (1902); Shurpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 500 (1909).
The eggs of Wagler's Hangnest are nearly elliptical in shape, and
somewhat glossy. They are white, spotted and blotched, almost
entirely at the broader end, with deep umber- or chocolate-brown
and purplish-grey. Three examples measure respectively : 1/01 by
•7 ; I by -7 ; '94 by -7.
Nehrkoru says that eggs of this species resemble those of
I. baltimore, which are of an entirely different character to those
described above. It is not unlikely that the eggs referred by him
to /. ivagleri are really those of /. prosthemelas.
3. Volcan de Fueoro, Guatemala, 24th Salvin-Godman Coll.
July (O. tialrin).
Icterus prosthemelas (Strickl.).
Icterus prosthemelas, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 373 (1886) ; Salu. £
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 466 (1887) ; Ridgw. Birds
North # Middle Amer. ii. p. 269 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 500
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kit. Eiersamml. p. 345 (1910).
Eggs of Lesson's Hangnest resemble those of /. baltimore.
1. Mexico (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
(Described by Nehrkorn as
/. wayleri.)
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
Icterus parisorum, Bonap.
Icterus parisorum, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 188
(1874) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 374 (1886) ; Salv. $ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer^Aves, i. p. 463 (1887) ; Bendire, Life-Hist. N.
Amer. Birdsrti^p. 471, pi. vi. figs. 28, 29 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 102 (1899), p. 345 (1910); Ridgw. Birds North $
Middle Amer. ii. p. 308 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 501 (1909).
An egg of Scott's Hangnest is of a pointed oval shape and
without gloss. It is white, sparingly spotted with black and
lavender, and measures *9 by '67.
]. North America (Smiths. Inst.}. Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
Icterus melanocephalus (Wagl.}.
Icterus melanocephalus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 375 (1886) [part.] ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 501 (1909) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 345
(1910).
Icterus melanocephalus melanocephalus, Ridfftff. Birds North $ Middle
Amcr. ii. p. 280 (1902).
392 ICTERID.I;.
Two eggs believed to be those of the Black-headed Hangnest
resemble eggs of /. spurius. They measure respectively : *75 by
•55 ; -73 by '53.
2. Mexico (//. Buckley: Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Icterus auduboni, Gimud.
Icterus melanocephalus, var. auduboni, Baird, Brewer fy Ridyw. N.
Amer. Birds, ii. p. ]86 (1874).
Icterus melanocephalus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 375 (1886) [part.] ;
Salv. 8f Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 468 (1887) [part.].
Icterus auduboni, Sennett, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. v. p. 399
(1879); Bendire, Life- Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 469, pi. vi.
tijrs. 25-27 (1895) ; Shai-pe, Hand-l. v. p. 501 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 345 (1910).
Icterus melanocephalus auduboni, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
ii. p. 282 (1902).
An egg of Audubon's Hangnest is of a regular oval shape and
slightly glossy. It is white, somewhat thickly speckled all over
with pale chestnut-brown and lavender. It measures -9 by '67.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Icterus cucullatus, Swains.
Icterus cucullatus, Baird, Brewer $• Ridyw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 193
(1874) [part.]; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 376 (1886) [part.];
Salv. Sf Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 471 (1887) [part.] ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 501 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 345
(1910).'
Icterus cucullatus cucullatus, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 287 (1902).
Two sets of eggs of the Hooded Hangnest are of a pointed oval
form and almost devoid of gloss. They are of two types : two
examples are plain white, while the remainder have the ground-
colour pinkish-white or greyish-white, marked with twisted lines
and blotches of deep chocolate -brown and lilac-grey, much as in
/. baltimore and /. bullochi. They vary from *94 to 1-05 in length,
and from '66 to '68 in breadth.
1. North America (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
5. Tepic, W. Mexico, 5th June ( W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
B. Richardson}.
5. Tepic, 8th June (W. B. R.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Icterus sennetti, Ridgw.
Icterus cucullatus, Sennett (nee Swains.}, Bull. U.S. Geol. Geor/r. Surv.
Terr. v. p. 398 (1879) ; Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 474, pi. vi. figs. 30-32 (1895).
ICTERUS. 393
Icterus cucullfttus sennetti, llidyiv. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii.
p. 289 (1902).
Icterus sennetti, Sharpc, Iland-l. v. p. 501 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml p. 345 (1910).
Eggs of Sennelt's Hangnest arc of an elongate, pointed, oval
shape, and without gloss. The ground is white, one is speckled all
over with pale brown and lavender, the remainder are marked at
the broad end only with a wreath of black and lavender spots and
lines. They measure respectively : *91 by *6 ; '9 by '62 ; *9 by
•59 ; -88 by -02 ; -86 by -62 ; and '85 by 6-1.
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.\ Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. San Antonio. Texas. 6th June. W. lladclifte Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Icterus mesomelas ( WagL).
(Plate XVII. fig. 20.)
Icterus mesomelas, Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 445 ; Sol. Cat. Birds
B. M. xi. p. 378 (1886) ; Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves,
i. p. 470 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 102 (1899), p. 345
(1910) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 502 (1909).
Icterus mesomelas mssomelas, llidyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 305 (1902).
Eggs of the Yellow-tailed Hangnest are of a pointed or elongate
oval form and slightly glossy. They are greyish-white, marked
with lines of dark chocolate-brown and lavender. Some of the
lines are short and blotchy ; others are fine and encircle the egg in
an irregular manner, but most of the markings are confined to the
larger end. Four specimens measure respectively: 1*18 by '7;
1-15 by -7; 1-06 by -75; 1-06 by -7.
1. Mexico (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Vera Paz, Guatemala, Nov. (Nehr- Crowley Bequest.
korn Coll. : Tristram Coll.}.
1. Valladolid, Yucatan (G. F. Gau- Salvin-Godman Coll.
mer).
1. Honduras. W. RadclifFe Saunders. Esq.
Icterus giraudi, Cassin.
(Plate XVII. fig. 19.)
Icterus giraudi, Set. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 509 : Scl. Cat. Birds B. M.
xi. p. 379 (1886); Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 469
(1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 102 (1899), p. 345 (1910) ;
Ridyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. ii. p. 293 (1902); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 502 (1909).
Eour eggs of Giraud's Hangnest are of a rather narrow oval
shape and slightly glossy. They are dull white, marked, chiefly at
394 ICTERIDJ3.
the broad end, with spots, blotches, lines and hieroglyphics of
purplish-brown and lavender. They measure respectively : 1-13
by -7 ; 1-06 by -7; 1-05 by -71 ; 1-03 by 7.
2. [U.S. Colombia.] Crowley Bequest.
2. Medellin, Antioquia, U.S. Colombia Salvin-Godma.n Coll.
(T. K. Salman).
Icterus gularis (Wagl.).
Icterus gularis, Owen, Ibis, 1801, p. 62; Sal. Cat. Birds B. M. xi.
p. 384 (1886); Salo. £ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 475
(1887); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 102 (1899), p. 346 (1910);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 504 (1909).
Icterus gularis gularis, Itidyw. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. ii. p. 284
(1902).
Three eggs of Lichtenstein's Hangnest closely resemble eggs of
/. mesomelas already described. They measure 1 by '7 ; 1'08 by
•76 ; 1-03 by -75.
1. San Geronimo, Guatemala, 8th Salvin-Godman Coll.
June (It. Owen).
2. Mexico (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Icterus sclateri, Cassin.
Icterus meutalis, Owen (nee Less.), Ibis, 1861, p. 62, pi. ii. fig. 5.
Icterus sclateri, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 3»5 (1886) ; Sato. $ Godm.
Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 476 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 102 (1899), p. 346 (1910) ; Kidgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer.
ii. p. 297 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 504 (1909).
The eggs of Sclater's Hangnest are similar to the eggs of
7. mesomelas and /. gularis. Five examples measure respectively :
1-08 by -69 ; 1-07 by '7 ; 1-05 by 7 ; I'Ol by -66 ; -99 by 7.
4. San Geronimo, Guatemala, 5th Salvin-Godman Coll.
May (It. Owen).
1. Sax; Geronimo, 5th May (JR. O. : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
Icterus pustulatus ( Wagl.).
Icterus pustulatus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 386 (1886) ; Salv. $
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Ares, i. p. 477 (1887) ; Ridgw. Birds
North 8r Middle Amer. ii. p. 295 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 505
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 346 (1910)
Two eggs of the Scarlet-headed Hanguest are of a rather
narrow-pointed oval form, slightly glossy and pure white. They
measure respectively : '98 by '7 and '98 by '66.
2. Mazatlan, W. Mexico (A. Forrer). Crowley Bequest.
ICTKHUS. EUrilAGUS. 395
Icterus leucopteryx ( Wayl.).
(Plate XVII. figs. 18 & 21.)
Icterus leucopteryx, Gosse, Birds Jamaica, p. 226 (1847) ; Scl. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 387 (1886) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle
Amer. ii. p. 303 (llK)2) ; Sfiarpe, Hand-l. v. p. 505 (1909).
Eggs of the Jamaican Hangnest or Banana-Bird are of a rather
pointed oral shape, and almost or quite devoid of: gloss. The
ground is pale huffy-white or brownish-white with a tracery of
line lines and blotched lines round the cap, one specimen being
especially handsomely and boldly marked. Three eggs measure
respectively : -98 by -68 ; -96 by -66 ; and '93 by -66.
1 . Jamaica. Crowley Bequest.
2. Port Henderson, Jamaica, 27th Crowley Bequest.
June (C. B. Taylor}.
Genus EUPHAGUS, Cassin.
Euphagus carolinus (P. L. S. Mull.).
Scolecophagus ferruginous, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 203 (1874) ; Banks, Auk, ii. p. 106 (1885; ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M.
xi. p. 390 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 103 (1899).
Scolecophagus carolinus, MacFarlane, Proc. U. IS. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 440
(1891) ; Bendire, Life-Hut. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 489, pi. vii.
rigs. 14-16 (1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North # Middle Amer. ii. p. 246
(1902).
Euphagus carolinus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 506 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat Eier-
samml. p. 340 (1910).
The eggs of the Rusty Grackle are of two types. In one, they
are of an ordinary, but somewhat pointed, oval shape, moderately
glossy, and pale bluish-green, blotched, smeared and mottled with
pale brown or pinkish-brown and lavender-grey. In the second
type, the eggs are of a blunt oval shape, almost elliptical, and
rather highly glossy. They are greenish-grey, very densely mottled
all over with dark browrn and dull lavender, little of the ground
being visible. Eight examples measure from 1 to I'l in length,
and from '72 to '77 in breadth.
1. [North- West America] (/. J. Au- Crowley Bequest.
ditbon : Tristram Coll.}.
3. North- West America. Gould Coll.
1. Anderson River, Arctic America, Salvin-Godmam Coll.
June (E. MacFarlane: Hen-
shaw Coll.).
3. Anderson River, June (R. MacF. : Salvin-Godman Coll.
Smiths. Inst.).
396 ICTERIDJE.
Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wayl.}.
Scolecopliagus cyanocephalus, Blakiston, Ibis, 1863, p. 82 ; Baird,
Brewer $ Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 206 (1874); Henshaw, Rep.
Orn. Wheeler's Surv. 1874, p. 82; Coues, Birds N.-West, p. 199
(1874) ; Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi.p. 390(1886) ; Bendire, Life-Hist.
N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 493, pi. vii, figs. 17-20 (1895) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 103 (1899) ; Riayio. Birds North &• Middle Amer. ii.
p. 248 (1902).
Euphagus cyanocephalus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 506 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 346 (1910).
The eggs of Brewer's Grackle are of a broad oval form and
glossy. They are pale greenish-blue or greenish-grey, marbled,
blotched and clouded with several shades of brown and rufous,
and also marked with spots, small blotches and short lines of deep
chocolate or purplish-brown. The ground-colour is smeared in
places with lilac or lavender. In one set of four eggs from
California the ground in two is pale blue, one being unmarked,
while the other one has only a few short black hair-lines and small
blotches of purplish-black ; the remaining two eggs are pale greyish-
blue, somewhat smeared with brownish and with a few blotches
or twisted lines as in eggs of Quiscalm quiscalus (see p. 397).
Examples measure from *95 to 1*05 in length, and from '67 to '8
in breadth.
5. North America (Field Coll.}. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.}
1. Carlton, N. America, 25th May Sal mi-Godman Coll.
(T. W. Blakiston}.
4. Fort Benton, N. America (Smiths. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Inst.}.
2. Elead- waters of the Missouri, Crowley Bequest.
27th June ( W. F. Raynolds:
Tristram Coll.}.
5. Fort Garland, Colorado (H. W. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Henshaw} .
2. Nevada, 21st May (H. W. H.} Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Woodland, California, 31st May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(A. M.Ingersoll}. [P.].
3. San Francisco, California, 1st June Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. Burrows}.
5. Santa Cruz, California, 5th Nov. W. Radcliffe Saundersy Esq.
(A. M. I.} [P.].
5. San Diego, California, 15th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(H. M. Conville). [P.].
2. Mexico. Crowley Bequest.
Genus DIVES, Cassin.
Dives dives (LicJit.).
(Plate XVIII. figs. 3 & 4.)
Lampropsar dives, Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 446.
Dives sumichrasti, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 392 (1886) ; Salv. 8> Godm.
Biol Centr.-Amer., Aves} i. p. 481 (1887) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 103 (1899).
BITES. — QUISCALUS. 397
Dives dives, Rulyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 254 (HK)i>) ;
Slarpe', llcm'd-l. v. p. 506 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 34(5
(1910).
Eggs of Sumichrast's Crackle vary from a regular oval to a
pointed oval shape, and are moderately glossy. One is blue, marked
at the broad end with a few black blotches, spots, and intertwined
lines which form an irregular wreath. It measures 1*17 by *8.
Some eggs have only a few spots and closely resemble eggs of the
Song Thrush (Turdus musicus). They vary from 1'04 to 1*16 in
length, and from '77 to '81 in breadth.
:'». Yucatan. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
'2. Yucatan (Nehrkom Coll}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
1. Valladolid, Yucatan (G.F.Gaumer). Salvin-Godiuan Coll.
Genus ClUISCALUS, Vitill.
duiscalus quiscalus (Limi.).
Icterus qiuscalus, Thien. Fortplanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxvii. fig. 17, a, b, c
(1845-54).
Quiscalus purpureus, Baird, Brewer fy Ridgw. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 214
(1874) ; Cones, Birds N.-West, p. 203 (1874).
Quiscalus versicolor, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 394 (1886) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 103 (1899).
Quiscalus quiscula, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 497. pi. vii.
tigs. 21-23 (1895).
Quiscalus quiscula quiscula, Itidgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii.
p. 215 (1902).
Quiscalus quiscalus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 507 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 346 (1910).
The eggs of the Purple Grackle, or Changeable Troupial, are
mostly of a regular oval shape and moderately glossy. The ground-
colour is of some shade of green, varying from greenish-white and
greyish-green to pale greenish-blue. The markings are coarse and
consist of blotches and thick twisted lines of black and deep
purplish-brown. Most specimens are also marked with smears and
clouds of various shades of brown, chiefly pale, and some spots and
blotches of underlying lavender. A few examples are mottled all
over with pale reddish-brown to such an extent that little of the
ground-colour is left visible. On these, the dark blotches and lines,
so characteristic of most of the eggs of this species, are entirely
absent. They measure from 1-1 to T3 in length, and from -8 to -9
in breadth.
8. North America. Crowley Bequest.
2. North America (D. G. Elliot : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
4. North America (Dresser Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
398 1CTERID.E.
5. North America (Hemhaiv Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. North America (Field Coll). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America. Old Collection.
2. Saskatchewan. Mons. Bourgeau [C.].
3. Manitoba (G. M. Daivson). N. Anier. Boundary Comm.
3. Souris River, 12 June (G. M. D.). N. Amer. Boundary Comm.
2. Fort D ufferin, 7th June ( G. M. D) . N. Ajner. Boundary Comm.
4. Buchanan Co., Iowa, 17th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(Henshaw Coll.).
1. New Brunswick (H. E. Dresser). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Middlesex, Connecticut. 17th Mav. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Quiscalus aglseus, Baird.
Quiscalus purpureus, var. aglaeus, Baird, Brewer § Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, ii. p. 221 (1874).
Quiscalus versicolor, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 394 (1886) [part.].
Quiscalus quiscula aglaeus, Bendire, Life-Hut. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 50,
pi. vii. fijrs. 24, 25 (1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii.
p. 217 (1902).
Quiscalus aglaeus, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 507 (1907) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 346 (1910).
Eggs of the Florida Grackle do not differ from those of Q. quis-
calus.
4. [Florida.] W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Tampa, Florida, 26th May. TV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[R].
duiscalus seneus, Ridgw.
Quiscalus purpureus, var. seneus, Baird, Brewer 8f Ridgw. N. Amer.
Birds, il p. 218(1874).
Quiscalus versicolor, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 394 (1886) [part.].
Quiscalus quiscula aeneus, Deacon, Biol. Rev. Ontario, i. p. 69 (1894) ;
Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 501, pi. vii. figs. 26, 27
(1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 219 (1902).
Quiscalus ameus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 508 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 346 (1910).
Eggs of the Bronzed Grackle do not differ from those of
Q. quiscalus or Q. aylceus described above.
4. North America. TV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
6. Austin, Texas, 2nd June. TV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.],
MKUAUUISC.U.t '*.
399
Genus MEGAQUISCALUS, Cassin.
Megaquiscalus major ( Vieill.}.
Quiscalus major, Baird, Brewer fy Ridyiv. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 222
(1874); Scl Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 395 (1886); Bendire, Life-
Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 506, pi. vii, h'gs. 30, 31 (1895) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 103 (1899).
Megaquiscalus major, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 508 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 347 (1910).
Megaquiscalus major major, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 236 (1902).
The eggs of the Boat-tailed Grackle are of an ordinary oval
shape and fairly glossy. They are of a pinkish stone-colour, marked
Avith some blotches and numerous long straggling lines of black or
deep purplish-brown. Some of these markings are blurred at the
edge and run into the surrounding ground-colour. A few examples
exhibit traces of underlying lavender spots. Eggs measure from.
I'l to 1'3 in length, and from -82 to *9 in breadth.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Salvin-Codman Coll.
Salvin-Codman Coll.
Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
Princeton University. N.J.
[E.].
Crowley Bequest.
2. North America (J. G. Bell: Tris-
tram Coll.}.
4. North America.
f>. North America (Henshaw Coll.}.
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.).
2. North America ( W. E. D. Scott).
3. Hog- Island, Virginia, 22nd May
(W.E.D.S.).
2. Newport, N. Carolina, 3rd June
( G. J. Burrows).
3. Clear Water Harbour, Florida,
15th May (W. E. D. S.).
2. Clear Water Harbour, 15th May
(J. H. Devereux).
3. Clear Water Harbour, loth May
(J. H. D.).
2. Clear Water Harbour, loth May
(J. H. D.).
1. Texas (H. E. Dresser).
4. Brownsville, Texas, 5th June.
Princeton
[E.].
Princeton
IE.].
Princeton
[E.].
Princeton
[E.].
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
University, N.J.
University, N.J.
University, N.J.
University, N.J.
Megaquiscalus macrurus (Swains.}.
Quiscalus macrurus, Scl. fy Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 20; Merrill, Pr. U.S.
Nat. Mus. i. p. 135 (1879); Setinett, Bull, U.S. Geol. Geogr. Surv
Terr. v. p. 400 (1879) ; Scl Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 396 (1886) ;
Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amcr., Ares, i. p. 482 (1887) ; Bendire,
Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 504, pi. vii. tigs. 28, 29 (1895) •
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 103 (1899).
Quiscalus major, apud Salvm, Ibis, 1866, p. 194.
Quiscalus major, var. macrurus, Baird lirewerSf Ridmr. X. Amer Birds
ii. p. 225(1874).
400
ICTER1DJ5.
Megaquiscalus major macrourus, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.ii.
p. 238 (1902).
Megaquiscalus macrurus, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 508 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 347 (1910).
The eggs of the Great-tailed Grackle closely resemble those of
M. major. The ground-colour is. however, frequently tinged with
green. Specimens measure from 1'26 to 1-54 in length, and from
•82 to -93 in breadth.
4. North America.
4. North. America.
4. North America.
4. Tampico, Mexico, 22nd May.
5. Victoria, Tampico, 23rd April
( W. B. Richardson).
2. Mexico.
2. Oaxaca, Mexico.
3. Matamoras (L. B. Couch: Hen-
shaw Coll.).
1. Dueiias, Guatemala (O. Salvin:
Tristram Coll.).
1. Duefias (O. S. : Tristram Coll.).
2. Dueiias, 8th May (O. S.).
1. Duenas, 19th May (O. S.).
3. Duenas, 27th May (0. S.: Tris-
tram Coll.).
1. Duenas, 27th May (O. S.).
4. Duenas, 28th May (O. S.).
4. Duenas, 29th May (O. S.).
2. Duenas, 29th May (O. S.).
3. Duenas, 29th May (O. S.).
2. Duenas, 29th May (O. 8.}.
3. Dueiias, 29th May (O. S.).
1. Duenas, 29th May (O. S.).
1. Glover's Reef, Honduras.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Old Collection.
C. G. Richards, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Megaquiscalus tenuirostris (Swains.}.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 9.)
Quiscalus tenuirostris, Set. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 397 (1886) ; Sah. $
Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer. Aves, i. p. 485 (1887).
Megaquiscalus tenuirostris, Ridqio. Birds North fy Middle Amer. ii.
p. 243 (1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 509 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml p. 347 (1910).
Two eggs of the slender-billed Graekle resemble those of M. major
and M. macrurus but are rather smaller. They measure respectively
1-2 by -82, and 1-09 by -8.
2. Mazatlan, W. Mexico ( A. Forrer). Crowley Bequest.
HOLOQUISrALUS. 401
Genus HOLOdUISCALUS, Cassin.
Holoquiscalus jamaicensis (Daud.).
(Plate XVIII. figs. 1 & 2.)
Quiscalus crassirostris, Goiae, Birds Jamaica, p. 217 (1847) ; Set. Cat.
Birds B. M. xi. p. 398 (1886) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104
(1899).
Iloloquiscalus jamaiccnsis, Ridqw. Birds North $• Middle Amer. ii. p. 227
(1902) ; Sharps, Htind-l. v. p. 509 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 347 (1910).
The eggs of the Jamaica Grackle resemble those of Meqaquiscalus
macrurus. They measure from 1-1 to 1*18 in length, and from
•8 to -88 in breadth.
4. Jamaica. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Jamaica. Rev. Barbara Zincke [C.~|.
4. Jamaica. Rev. Barbara. Zincke [C."].
1. Jamaica ( IV. Osburn : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
1. St. Thomas, Jamaica, 7th June Crowley Bequest.
(C. B. Taylor}.
Holoqniscalus fortirostris (Lawr.).
(Plate XVIII. figs. 7 & 8.)
Quiscalus fortirostris, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 400 (1886); Feilden,
Ibis, 1889, p. 485 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899).
Iloloquiscalus fortirostris, Ridyiv. Birds North fy Middle Amer.ii. p. 229
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 510 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 347 (1910).
The eggs of the Barbados Grackle resemble those of Megaquiscalus
macrurus and H. jamaicensis so closely as to require no separate
description. Four examples measure respectively : 1*1 by '76 ;
1-03 by -71 ; 1-03 by 76 ; 1 by -74.
3. Barbados, Oth July. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
1. Barbados, 6th July. Col. H. W. Feilden [P.].
Holoquiscalus luminosus (Lawr.).
(Plate XVIII. figs. 5 & 6.)
Quiscalus luminosus, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 402 (1886) ; Lawr. Pr.
U. S. Nat. Mus. ix. p. 615 (1886).
Holoquiscalus luminosus, Ridgic. Birds North $ Middle Amer. ii. p. 232
(1902) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 510 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 347 (1910).
Eggs of the Grenada Grackle resemble those of Megaquiscalus
TOL. v. 2 D
402 ICTERIDJ5.
major but are much smaller. They vary from '99 to 1'14 in
length, and from '73 to *79 in breadth.
3. Soubise, Grenada, 6th June (J. G. Crowley Bequest.
Wells}.
3. Grand Brasland, Grenada, 16th Crowley Bequest.
April (J. G. W.)
Genus HYPOPYRRHUS, Bonap.
Hypopyrrhus pyrypogaster (De Tarr.}.
Hypopyrrhus pyrrhogaster, Sol. $ Salv. P. Z. S. 1879, p. 510, pi. xliii.
fig. 4.
Hypopyrrhus pyrypogaster, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 403 (1886) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 104 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 511
(1909) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 347 (1910;.
Three eggs of the lled-bellied Grackle are of a regular oval shape
and glossy. They are pale greenish-blue, spotted and blotched at
one end with deep purplish-brown and pale lavender. They
measure respectively : 1-2 by -8 ; 1-21 by '8 ; 1-15 by -8.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
1. U. S.. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
Genus GNORIMOPSAR, Richmond.
[Richmond, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xxxv. p. 584 (1908).]
Gnorimopsar chopi ( VieilL).
Psarocolius unicolor, Burm. Syst. Ueber. iii. p. 281 (1856).
Aphobus chopi, Scl. Cat. Birds B. M. xi. p. 405 (1886) ; Scl. $ Huds.
Argent. Orn. i. p. 108 (1888) ; Dalgleish, Pr. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb.
x. p. 78 (1889) ; Euler, Rev. Mus. Paulista, iv. p. 34 (1900) ;
Iherinff,t.c. p. 222(1900).
Aptus chopi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 511 (1909).
Gnorirnopsar (Aphobus) chopi, Nehrk, Kat. Eiersamml. p. 347 (1910).
Two eggs of the Chopi Boat-tail are of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and glossy. They are pure white, and measure respectively
1-2 by -83, and 1-15 by -82.
Azara and Hudson say that the eggs of this species are pure
white ; and Dalgleish that they are pale blue, finely streaked with
hair-like markings and with a few spots of very dark purple, chiefly
round the larger end ; while JS"ehrkorn describes them as sky-blue
with deep black vermiform lines and hieroglyphics round the broad
end. They seem to vary like the eggs of Icterus cucullatus.
2. Argentine Republic. Crowley Bequest.
403
Family STURNIILll.
Genus STURNUS. Linn.
Sturnus vulgaris, Linn,
ii. p. 12, pi. 11 (1884) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 27 (1890);
Seebohm, E</gs of Brit. Birds, p. 230, pi. 54. tig. 13 (1896) ; Dresser.
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 399 (1902); Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i.
p. 349 (1905) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 34 (1906) ; Dresser,
Eggs Birds Europe, p. 340, pi. xxiii. figs. 1 & 2 (1908); Sharpe.
Hand-l. v. p. 512 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Sturnus varius, Baedeker. Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 50. fig. 12 (1855-63).
Sturnus vulgaris vulgaris, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 41 (1910).
The eggs of the Common Starling are mostly of an ordinary oval
shape and highly glossy. They vary in colour from bluish- white to
a pale greenish-blue. They measure from 1'08 to 1-3 in length,
and from '8 to *9 in breadth.
3. Keswick, Cumberland.
15. Cambridgeshire.
5. Haddenham, Cambridgeshire, 23rd
May.
4. Southnry, Norfolk, 28th April.
5. Southery, 20th May.
5. Southery, 10th June.
4. Cookham, Berkshire, April,
3. Cookham, April.
7. Berkshire, 25th April.
6. Alton, Hants, May.
5. Bentley, Hants, "25th April (H.
W. Ingram: Hargitt Coll.}.
5. Bentley, 13th May.
5. Finchley, Middlesex (O. Salving
6. Stolp, romerania, 1st May (T.
Holland},
5. Stolp, 8th May (T. H.\.
5. Stolp, 20th May (T. H.\
5, Leniback, Vorarlberg, Tyrol, 30th
Ma}-,
Seebohni Coll.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godraan Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]
W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohni Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll,
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliife Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Sturnus faroensis, Feilden.
Sturnus vulgaris, Feilden, Zoologist, 1872, p. 3219; Dresser, Egys Bird
Europe, p. 340, pi. xxiii. fig. 3 (1908).
2o 2
404 8TURHUDJE.
Sturnus faroensis, Feilden, Zoologist, 1872, p. 3257 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 513 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Sturnus vulgaris faroensis, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 44 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 37 (1906).
Eggs of the Faroe Island Starling resemble those of S. vulgaris,
but are rather larger. They measure from 1-15 to 1'35 in length,
and from '8 to *9 in breadth.
6. Faroe Islands, 3rd June. Crowley Bequest.
3. Faroe Islands, 25th May (Hargitt Crowley Bequest.
Coll\
3. Faroe Islands, 2nd June (H. C. Seebohm Coll.
Mutter).
6. Faroe Islands, 4th June (H. C. M.). Seebohm Coll.
2. Faroe Islands, 8th June (H. C. M.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Faroe Islands, 12th June (H. C. M.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Faroe Islands, 22nd June (//. C. M.}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Faroe Islands, 23rd June (H. C. M.). Seebohm Coll
Sturnus indicus, Hodgs.
Sturnus humii, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 520 (1889); id., ed.
Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 369 (1889).
Slurnus indicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 35 (1890); Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 120 (1899), p. 348 (1910); Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 513 (1909).
Sturnus vulgaris humii, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 45 (1903).
The eggs of the Himalayan Starling resemble the paler eggs of
S. vulgaris, but are rather smaller. They measure from 1-04 to
1*15 in length, and from *75 to -82 in breadth.
1. Kashmir, 30th May (W. E. Brooks : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
2. Kangan, Kashmir, 22nd May ( W. Hume Coll.
E. B.}.
3. Baramoola, Kashmir, 30th May ( W. Hume Coll.
E. B.}.
5. North India. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Sturnus poltaratskii, Finsch.
Sturnus poltaratskyi, Finsch, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 712.
Sturnus poltoratzskii, Sharpe, Cat. 2Jirds B. M. xiii. p. 36 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 513 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Sturnus vulgaris poltaratskyi, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 44 (1903).
Two eggs resemble those of S. vulgaris. They each measure
1-1 by 0-8.
1. Altai Mountains (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1 Kuldja. Crowley Bequest.
STURNUS. 405
Sturnus caucasicus, Lorenz.
9
Sturnus caucasicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 37 (1890) ; id.,
Hcmd-L v. p. 514 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. EUrsamml. p. 348 (1910).
Sturnus vulgaris caucasicus, Hartert, Yog. pal. Faun. i. p. 46 (1903);
Jourd. -Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 37 (1906).
Two eggs of the Caucasus Starling are similar to those of
8. rulgaris. They measure respectively : 1-18 by '85, and 1-19
by -84.
2. Lenkoran, Talish, 8th May. Crowley Bequest.
Sturnus purpurascens, Gould.
Sturnus purpurascens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 37 (1890);
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 400 (1902) ; id., Eggs Birds Europe,
p. 342, pi. xxiii. fig. 5 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hatid-l v. p. 514 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Sturnus vulgaris purpurascens, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 46 (1903) ;
Jourdain, Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 37 (1906).
An egg of the Purple-winged Starling resembles those of
8. vulgaris. It measures 1-19 by -85.
J. Erzeroum, Armenia (H. E. Dresser Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
Sturnus porphyronotus, Sharpe.
Sturnus vulgaris, Scully (nee Linn.), Sir. F. iv. p. 162 (1876).
Sturnus porphyronotus, Sharpe, Ibis, 1888, p. 438; Gates, ed. Hume.
Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 370 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 38 (1890); id., Second Yark. Miss., Aves, p. 26 (1891) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 514 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Sturnus vulgaris porphyronotus, Hartert, Vdg. pal. Faun. i. p. 46
(1903).
Eggs of the Central Asian Starling resemble those of S. vulgaris.
They measure from 1-16 to 1-25 in length, and from -81 to *86 in
breadth.
4. Turkestan, 1st June. Crowley Bequest.
1. Yarkand, E. Turkestan, 30th April Hume Coll.
(J. Scully).
2. Yarkand, 28th May (J. S.). Hume Coll.
2. Tibet, 19th April (H. Nolle Coll.). T. Parkin, Esq. [P.].
5. Tibet, 19th April. W. Radclilfe Saunders, Esq.
Sturnus minor, Hume.
Sturnus minor, Oates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 522 (1889) ; id.,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 370 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 39 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 514 (1909).
The eggs of the Small Indian Starling resemble those of
406 STURNID^E.
5. vulgar is, but are smaller. They measure from 1 to 1-18 in
length, and frdm '7 to *82 in breadth.
9. Eastern Narra, Sind, 13tli March Hume Coll.
(S. Doig).
61. Eastern Narra (S. D.). Hume Coll.
2. Eastern Narra (E. A. Butler).' Crowley Bequest.
Sturnus unicolor, Temm.
4
Sturnus unicolor, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxriii. fi<r. 2, a, b
(1845-54); Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 60. fig. 33 (1855-63);
Bree, Birds Eur. i. p. 156, pi. (1866), 2nd ed. ii. p. 16, nl. (1875) ;
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 220; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 415
(1874) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 39 (1890) ; Irby, Orn. Sir.
Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 78 (1895) ; Hartert, Vog. pal Foun. i. p,46 (1903) ;
Jtey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 351 (1905) ; Jourdain, Eggs Europ.
Birds, i. p. 38 (1906); Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe, p. 343,' pi. xxiii.
fig-. 4 (1908); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 514 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
The eggs of the Sardinian Starling are not separable from those
of S. vulgaris. They measure from I'l to 1-33 in length, and
from '8 to '9 in breadth.
2. Central Spain. Lord Lilford [P.].
4. Andalucia, 6th May (H. Saunders). Seebohm Coll.
4. Andalucia, 6th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
1. Seville, Spain (L. If. Irby). Seebohm Coll.
] . Seville, 20th April (L. II. /.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Malaga, Spain, 29th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
6. Morocco, 20th April (Field Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
3. Morocco (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
5. Sicily, 13th April. "W. Badcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus SPODIOPSAR, Sharpe.
Spodiopsar cineraceus, Temm.
Sturnns cineraceus, Blakist. $• Prycr, Ibis, 1878, p. 233 ; Seebohm, Bird*
Japan. Emp. p. 107 (1890).
Spodiopsar cineraceus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 524 (1889) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 120 (1899), p. 348 (1910); Hartert. Vog.
pal. Faun. i. p. 48 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 515 (1909).
Poliopsar cineraceus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 41 (1890).
The eggs of the Grey Myna are of a broad, pointed oval form,
slightly glossy, and of a pale greenish-blue colour. Five examples
measure respectively: 1-14 by '8; 1-33 by '82; 3/09 by -82;
1-07 by -82 ; 1-07 by -77.
2. Amur River (Nehrkom Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Japan (H. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
BPODIOrsAR. 407
Spodiopsar burmanicus (Jcrd.).
Sturnia burmannica, Jerd. Ibis, 1802, p. 21.
Graculipica burmanica, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 535 (1889) ;
Baker, Ibis, 1906, p. 268.
Poliopsar burmanicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 45 (1890).
Spodiopsar burmanicus, Sharpe, Iland-l. v. p. 515 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kut.
Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Three eggs of Jerdon's Myna are like those of S. cineraceus.
They measure respectively : 1-05 by '76 ; 1*05 by -76 ; and 1*01
by -76.
3. Myingyan, Upper Burma, 12th May. C. Hopwood, Esq. [P.].
Spodiopsar andamanensis (Beavan).
Sturnia andamanensis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 529 (1889) ;
Osmaston, J. Bomb. N. H. Soc. xvii. p. 158 (1906).
Poliopsar andamanensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 47 (1890).
Spodiopsar audamariensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 516 (1909).
Eggs of the Andaman Myna are of a bright €ambridge-blue.
They vary from *98 to 1'05 in length, and from *73 to '75 in
breadth.
3. Port Blair, S. Andamans, 5th May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. fC.l.
4. Port Blair, 21st May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [C.J.
Spodiopsar malabaricus (GmeL).
Sturnia malabarica, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 527(1889) ; id.,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 372 (1889).
Poliopsar malabaricus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 48 (1890).
Spodiopsar malabaricus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 516 (1909) ; frehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
The eggs of the Grey-headed Myna are of a pointed oval form,
with a large amount of gloss. They vary from pale to dark
greenish-blue, and measure from '87 to '97 in length, and from -68
to *72 in breadth.
5. Sikhim. Hume Coll.
4. Mongphoo, Darjiling (J. Gammie). Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 14th May. Hume Coll.
1. Dibrugurh, Assam, 27th May (/. Hume Coll.
R. Cripps).
1. Akyab, Arakan, llth April. Crowley Bequest.
1. Pegu, 13th May (E. W. Oates}. Crowley Bequest.
408
Spodiopsar nemoricolus (Jerd.).
Sturnia nemoricola, Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 528 (1889) ; id.,
ed. Hume, Nests # Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 373 (1889).
Poliopsar nemoricolus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 52 (1890).
Spodiopsar nemoricolus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 516 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Two eggs of the White-winged Myna are indistinguishable from
pale eggs of the Grey-headed Myna. They measure respectively :
•88 by -66, and -99 by -7.
] . Sinzaway, Tenasserim, 26th April Hume Coll.
(C. T. Binyham).
1. Pegu, 6th June (E. W. Oates: Crowley Bequest.
Seelohm Coll.}.
Spodiopsar blythi (Jerd.}.
Sturnia hlythii, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 526 (1889) id.,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 371 (1889).
Poliopsar blythii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 54 (1890).
Spodiopsar blythi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 516 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 343 (1910).
The eggs of Blyth's Myna resemble the darker eggs of the Grey-
headed Myna. Three examples measure respectively : '98 by *7 ;
1 by -71 ; 1-01 by -72.
3. Mysore, S. India, 24th April Hunie Coll.
(7. Macpherson}.
Genus STUKNOPASTOR, Hodgson.
Sturnopastor jalla (Horsf.}.
Sturnopastor jalla, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 57 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 516 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Two eggs of the Jallak Grackle are of a rather pointed oval
shape, glossy, and uniform pale greenish-blue. They measure
respectively : 1'09 by '74, and 1'12 by *76.
2. Java, 4th May. Crowley Bequest.
Sturnopastor contra (Linn.}.
Sturnopastor contra, Beavan, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 376; Oates, Fauna Brit.
Ind., Birds, i. p. 542 (1889) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds,
i. p. 386 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 57 (1890) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 517 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
The eggs of the Pied Myna are of a pointed oval form, and
STTJRXOPASTOR. — CREATOrilORA.
409
mostly of a dark greenish-blue colour with a high gloss. A few
examples are palo greenish-blue. They measure from '95 to
1*25 in length, and from 'To to '9 in breadth.
5. India.
16. Hansi, Punjab, May ( W. Bleicitt).
13. Hansi, 15th June (W. B.).
1. Agra, 14th June.
4. Agra, 16th June.
4. Agra, 18th June.
6. Agra, 18th June.
7. A era, 21st June.
5. Agra, 24th June.
3. Agra, 28th July.
1. Agra, 3rd August.
2. Bareilly, 1st June.
1. Aligarh, July.
7. Allahabad, 10th July.
4. Allahabad, loth July.
4. Allahabad, 15th July.
2. Mirzapur ( W. E. Brooks : Tris-
tram Coll.).
3. Jhansi, 22nd June (F. JR. Blewitt}.
4. Jhansi, Gth Aug. (F. R. B.}.
3. Saugor, C. Provs., 26th June.
8. Barrackpur (R. C. Beavan).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Hume'Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Sturnopastor superciliaris, Blyth.
Sturnopastor superciliaris, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 543 (1889) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eyys Ind. Birds, i. p. 388 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 59 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 121
(1899), p. 348 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 517 (1909).
The eggs of the Burmese Pied Myna are not separable from
those of S. contra. They measure from 1'02 to 1*17 in length,
and from *71 to '8 in breadth.
2. Pes:u, 20th April (E. W. Oates}. Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 8th May (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
]. Pegu, 10th May (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 31st May (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 31st May (E. W. O. : Seebohm Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
9. Pegu, 28th April (E. W. O.}. Hume Coll.
Genus CREATOPHORA, Lesson.
Creatophora carunculata (GmeL).
Dilophus canmculatus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 421
(1875-84) ; tV., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 61 (1890) ; Kuschel,
J.f. O. 1895, p. 329 ; Stark, Birds S. Africa, i. p. 23 (1900).
Perissornis carunculatus, Reich. Vb'g. Afr. ii. p. 670 (1903).
410 STTJRXIDJ3.
Creatophora carunculata, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 123 (1906) ; Haagner,
fy Ivy, Journ. 8. Afr. Orn. Union, i. p. 77 (1907) ; Bucknill, Journ.
8. Afr. Orn. Union, iv. p. 74 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 517
(1909; ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 348 (1910).
Eggs of the Wattled Starling resemble those of Sturnus vulgaris.
They measure from '98 to I'lo in length, and from '75 to *82 in
breadth.
2. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard). Crowley Bequest.
2. Cape Colony. 13. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.l.
8. Olifant's Kloof, nr. Grahamstown, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.J.
Dec. (B. B. Buicker).
2. White's Farm, Dec. (A. M. Ebden). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.J.
Genus PASTOR, Temm.
Pastor roseus (Linn.).
Sturnus roseus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxviii. fig. 3, a-c
(1845-54).
Pastor roseus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 50. fig. 11 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 217, pi. Iv. fig. ii (1856) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 423 (1873) ; Legge, Birds Ceyl. p. 673
(1879) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, ii. p. 20, pi. 11 (1884; ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. 2nd. i. p. 518 (1889) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. Birds,
i. p. 368 (1889); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 63 (1890);
Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 231, pi. 54. fig. 16 (1896) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 401 (1902) ; Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 47
(1903); Rcy, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 348 (1905); Jourdain,
Eggs Eur op. Birds, i. p. 39 (1906); Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe,
p.' 344, pi. xxiii. fig. 8 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 518 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
The eggs of the Rose-coloured Pastor are of a somewhat broad,
pointed oval form, excessively glossy, and of a very pale greyish-
or bluish-white. One clutch from South Russia is of a very pale
olive colour. They measure from 1'09 to 1*19 in length, and from
•8 to -87 in breadth.
4. South Russia (Tancre). Crowley Bequest.
4. South Russia, 20th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Bessarabia. Seebohm Coll.
1. Kustendji, Turkey (Dr. Cullen : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
6. Constantinople, Turkey, 15th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Asia Minor, 6th June (T.Kriiper). Crowley Bequest.
3. Smyrna (Guido von Gonzenbach). Seebohm Coll.
2. Smyrna ( T. K. : Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
4. Angora, 27th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
STUUNIA. — AGKOPSAR. 411
Genus STURNIA, Lesson.
Sturnia sinensis (GmeL).
Teuienuchus ttirdiformis, Swfnh. Ibis, I860, p. 60.
Hetoerornis sinensis, Sicinh. P. Z. 8. 186.% p. 302.
Sturnia sinensis, Oates, Fauna Brit, 2nd., Birds, i. p. 526 (1889) ;
Skarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 68 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 518
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
Eggs of the Chinese Myna are of a pointed oval shape, somewhat
glossy, and of a pale greenish-blue colour. They vary from '95 to
1-03 in length, and from '68 to '7 in breadth.
1. Amoy (R. Sivinhoe: Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
6. Hainan (R. S. : Seebohm Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Sturnia violacea (Bodd.).
Sturnia violacea, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 70 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 121 (1899), p. 349 (1910) ; Hartert, Tog. pal.
Faun. i. p. 50 (1903) ; Sharpc, Hand-l. v. p. 518 (1909).
Sturnia pyrrhogenys, Seebobm, Birds Japan. Emp. p. 108 (1890).
The eggs of the Red-cheeked Myna are of a narrow, pointed oval
form, glossy, and of a pale greenish-blue colour. Six examples
vary from '96 to 1'07 in length, and from -67 to '71 in breadth.
4. Japan (II. Pryer). Seebohm Coll.
2. Yezo, 29th June. Crowley Bequest.
Genus AGROPSAR, Oates.
Agropsar sturninus (Pall.).
Agropsar sturninus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 530 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 518 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 349
(1910).
Sturnia sturnina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 71 (1890) ; Hartert,
Toy. pal. Faun. i. p. 49 (1903).
An egg of the Daurian Myna is of a pointed oval shape, glossy,
and pale blue. It measures '96 by '7.
1 . Dauria, Siberia. Crowley Bequest.
412
Genus TEMENUCHUS, Cabanis.
Temenuchus pagodamm (Gmel.).
Sturnia pagodarum, Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 677 (1879).
Tenienuchus pagodaruru, Oates, Fauna Bnt. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 533 (1889) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 374 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 73 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 519 (1909) j
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
The eggs of the Black-headed Myna are of a rather narrow oval
form, glossy, and of a pale greenish-blue colour. They measure
from '88 to 1'15 in length, and from -65 to 48 in breadth.
7. Hansi, Punjab, June (W. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
3. Hansi, 3rd June ( W. B.). Hume Coll.
3. Hansi, 6th June (W. B.). Hume Coll.
6. Hansi, 10th July ( W. -#.). Hut«e Coll.
1. Hansi, 18th July ( W. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Baraitch, 6th May. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 21st June. Hume Coll.
2. Bareilly, 22nd June. Hume Coll.
1. Bareilly, 23rd June. Hume Coll.
2. Lucknow, 9th July. Hume Coll.
2. Lucknow, 22nd July. Hume Coll,
2. Futteghur, 6th August. Crowley Bequest.
5. Allahabad. Hume Coll.
3. Allahabad, 16th July. Hume Coll.
2. Mirzapur, 10th June'( W. E. Brooks : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
6. Jhansi, June (F. R. Blewitt). Hume Coll.
4. Saugor, C. Provs., 2nd July. Hume Coll,
2. Saugor, 20th July. Hume Coll.
3. Ahtoor, Madras, 13th Aug. Hume Coll.
Genus GRACULIPICA, Lesson.
Graculipica nigricollis (Payk.).
Gracupica nisrricollis, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, p. 60 ; La Touche, Ibis, 1892,
p. 429.
Graculipica rigricollis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 534 (1889) ;
id., ed. Hume, Nests $ Egg* Ind. Birds, i. p. 377 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 77 (1890) ; Harington, J. Bomb. N. H.
Soc. xiv. p. 598 (1902) ; Baker, Ibis, 1906, p. 267 ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 121 (1899), p. 349 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 519
(1909).
The eggs of the Black-necked Myna are of a regular oval form,
glossy, and of a dark greenish-blue colour. They measure from
1-16 to 1-36 in length, and from '85 to -94 in breadth.
1. Amoy, China (R. Sivinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
GRAOULIPICA. ACRTDOinp:RES.
413
17. Amoy (R. S.).
2. Foochow, China, April.
2. Foochow, May.
3. Foochow, May.
3. Foochow, 7th May.
6. Foochow, loth May.
4. Foochow, 16th May.
3. Foochow, 2.">th May.
3. Foochow, June.
3. Foochow, 20th June.
Seebohm Coll.
C. 11 Rickett, Esq.
0. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
Graculipica melanoptera (Daud.).
Graculipica melanoptera, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 78 (1890) ; id.,
Hnnd-l. v. p. 519 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
Two eggs of the Javan Myna are similar to those of G. nigri-
collis, but smaller. They measure 1*08 by *78, and 1-06 by '78.
2. Java.
Crowley Bequest.
Genus ACRIDOTHERES, Vidll.
Acridotheres tristis (Linn.).
Acridotheres tristis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, \. p. 537 (1889) j id.,
cd. Hume, Nests $ Eygs Ind. Birds, i. p. 377 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 80 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 519 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
The eggs of the Common Indian Myna are of a pointed oval
shape and very frequently pyriform. They are highly glossy, and
vary from a pale to a rather dark greenish-blue. They measure
from 1'05 to 1*3 in length, and from -8 to '95 in breadth.
9.
Kotgarh, Himalayas, 21st April.
Hume Coll.
1.
Kotgarh, 24th April.
Hume Coll.
13.
Kotgarh, May.
Hume Coll.
5.
Kotgarh, 20th May.
Hume Coll.
4.
Kotgarh, 16th Aug.
Hume Coll.
4.
Kotgarh, 16th Aug.
Hume Coll.
1.
Kotgarh, 17th Aug.
Hume Coll.
7.
Kotgarh, 18th Aug.
Hume Coll.
3.
Mus^oorie, Himalayas (T. Hutton).
Hume Coll.
2.
Umbala, 1st July.
Hume Coll.
5.
Sind (J. H. Gould).
Gould Coll.
6.
IJelhi, June (C. T. Bingham).
Hume Coll.
1.
Delhi, 17th June (C. T. B.).
Hume Coll.
2.
Agra, 16th June.
Hume Coll.
4.
Agra, 17th June.
Hume Coll.
4.
Agra, 17th June.
Hume Coll.
4.
Agra, 18th June.
Hume Coll.
414
BTURNIDJE.
Agra, 18th June.
Agra, 19th June.
Agra, 21st June.
Agra, 22nd June.
Agra, July.
Agra, 22nd July.
Agra, 23rd July.
Agra, 4th Sept.
Agra, 4th Sept.
Agra, 5th Sept.
Bareilly, 13th June.
Bareilly, 14th June.
Bareilly, 16th June.
Bareilly, 21st June.
Mirzapur ( W. E. Brooks : Tris-
tram Coll.).
Jhansi, 13th June.
Jhansi, 22nd June.
Jabalpur, C. Provs. (W. Theo-
bald: Tristram Coll.).
Saugor, C. Provs.
Ahtoor, Madras, 18th Aug.
Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 20th
Feb. (Miss Cockburn).
Kotagherry, 7th March (Miss
Cockburn).
Kotagherry, 20th April (Miss
Cockburn).
Pegu, April.
Pegu, 9th June.
Pegu, 17th July.
Pegu, 28th July.
Mauritius (E. Newton : Tristram
Coll.).
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll
Gates Coll
Gates Coll.
Gates Coll.
Gates Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Acridotheres melanosternum, Leyge.
Acridotheres tristis, Layard, Ann. Maq. N. H. 2nd ser. xiii. p. 218
(1854).
Acridotheres melanosternus, Lcgye, Birds Ceylon, p. 670 (1879) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 538 (1889) ; id., ed. Hume, Nests #
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 380 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii.
p. 83 (1890).
Acridotheres melanosternum, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 520 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. EiersammL p. 349 (1910).
Two eggs of the Common Ceylon Myna are of a regular oval
shape, fairly glossy, and of a light greenish-blue colour. They
measure 1-17 by -84, and 1-15 by -85.
1. Ceylon (E. L. Layard).
Salvin-Godman Coll.
J. Ueylon (JS. -L. .Layara). baivm-uoaman U(
1. Anuradh-apura, Ceylon, May Crowlev Bequest.
(A. L. Butler).
A.CBIDOTHEBE6. — 2TBIOP8AB,
Acridotheres ginginianus (Lath.}.
Acridotheres gin^iniamis, Oafcs, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 638
(1889) ; til., ed. Hume, Nests $ Egys Ind. Birds, i. p. 381 (1889) ;
Mar/>c, Cat. Hird* B. M. xiii. p. 84 (Ib90) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 520
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 349 (1910).
The eggs of the Bank Myna resemble those of A. tristis, but
they are smaller and pale varieties appear to be less frequent.
They measure from '95 to 1/15 in length, and from *72 to '87 iii
breadth.
38. Eastern Narra, Sind (S. Doig).
13. Delhi, 30th May (C. T. Bino-
ham}.
3. Baraitch, 4th May.
1. Baraitch, 9th May.
6. Bareilly, 30th May.
2. Bareilly, 31st May.
3. Bareilly, 7th June.
3. Bareilly, 9th June.
2. Bareilly, 22nd June.
3. Lucknow, loth May.
1. Etawah (W. E. Brooks: Tris-
tram Coll.}.
2. Allahabad, 18th Jun«.
1. Mirzapur, 10th June ( W. E. B. :
Tristram Coll.).
1. Jhansi, 14th June.
6. Morar, Qwalior, C. Proys.
2. Jabalpur, C. Proys. (W. Theo-
bald: Tristram Coll.}.
Hume Coll.
Hunie Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Urowley Bequest.
Genus JETHIOPSAR, Skarpe.
JEthiopsar fuscus (Wayler).
vEthiopsar fuscus, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 539 (1889) ; id.,
ed. Hume, Nests fy E(/ys Ind. Birds, i. p. 383 (1889) ; id., Hand-l. v.
p. 520 (1909; ; Nehrk. Cat. Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
Acridotheres fuscus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 80 (1890).
Acridotheres mahrattensis, Sharpe, torn. cit. p. 89.
The eggs of the Jungle Myna resemble those of Acridotheres
tristis both in colour and size.
3. Mussoorie, Himalaya (T.Hutton). Hume Coll.
2. MuMOorie. Hume Coll.
4. Sikhim Terai, 7th May. Hume Coll.
2. Faridpur, Bengal, 29th June (/. Hume Coll.
R. Cripps}. Hume Coll.
1. Dacca, Bengal (Col. Tytler}.
0. Nilghiri Hills, 10th March. Hume Coll.
416 STUENIDJE.
3. Nilghiri Hills, 5th April. flume Coll.
2. Nilghiri Hills, May. Hume Coll.
3. Ootacamund, Nilghiri Hills. Hume Coll.
5. Coonoor, Nilghiri Hills. Hume Coll.
3. Coonoor, 26th March. Hume Coll.
4. Curzon, Nilghiri Hills, 19th April. Hume Coll.
2. Kotagherry, Nilghiri HiJls, 17th Hume Coll.
March (Miss Cockburn).
5. Kotagherry, 26th March (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockbum).
2. Kotagherry, 18th May. Hume Coll.
2. Kotagherry, 20th May. Hume Coll.
1. Pegu,' 27th April (E. W. Oates). Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 3rd May (E. W. O.}. Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 8th May (E. W. O.}. Oates Coll.
2. Pegu, 10th May (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
JEthiopsar grandis, Moore.
Acridotheres grandis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds S. M. xiii. p. 91 (1890).
^Ethiopsar grandis, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 541 (1889);
Harington, J. Bomb. N. H. Soc. xiv. p. 598 (1902) ; Baker, Ibis,
1906, p. 269 ; Sharpe., Hand-l. v. p. 520 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml p. 349 (1910).
Four eggs of the Siamese Myna resemble those of jE. fuscus both
in colour and size. They measure respectively : I'lo by *S4 ; T19
by -83 ; 1-19 by '86 ; 1*2 by -82.
4. Bhamo, Burma, 22nd May. Col. II. H. Harington [P.].
JEthiopsar cristatellus (Gmel.}.
Acridotheres cristatellus, Swinh. Ibis, 1860, p. 60; 1863, p. 382;
La Touche, Ibis, 1898, p. 369 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 92
(1900) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 121 (1899).
^Ethiopsar cristatellus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 520 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 349 (1910).
The eggs of the Chinese Crested Myna resemble those of Acrido-
theres tristis. They measure from I'lo to 1-3 in length, and from
•85 to -9 in breadth.
10. Amoy, China (-R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
1. Amoy (R. S. : Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
4. Foochow, llth May. C. B. Itickett, Esq. [P.].
JEtliiopsar albocinctus, Godwin-Austen <$f Walden.
yEthiopsar albicinctus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 541 (1889) ;
Harington, J. Bomb. N. H. Soc. xiv. p. 598 (1902) ; Baker, Ibis,
1906, p. 269 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 521 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 349 (1910).
EULABETID-B. 417
Four eggs of the Collared Myna resemble those of A. tristis.
They measure : 1-1 by "82 (2); 1-09 by -81 ; and 1-06 by -83.
4. Rha-.no, Burma, loth May. Col. H. H. Harmgton [I'.].
Family EULABETID^l.
Genus SARCOPS, Walden.
Sarcops calvus (Linn.}.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 11.)
Sarcops calvus, Sharp?., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 97 (1890) [part.]; Oyilvie-
Grant, Ibis, 1895, pp. 258 & 456, 1896, p. 469 ; McGregor, Man.
Philippine Birds, pt. ii. p. 718 (1909) ; Sharpe, Hand-L y. p. 522
(1909) [part.].
Two eggs of the Grey-backed Coleto are of a pointed oval form
and slightly glossy. They are pale blue sparingly marked all over
with distinct spots and small blotches of pale brown and lilac-grey.
They measure respectively : 1-28 by '9 ; 1'26 by -88.
2. Marinduque, Philippine Is., May Crowley Bequest.
(E. L. Moseley}.
Sarcops melanonotus, OgHvie-Grant.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 10.)
Sarcops calvus, Kutter (me Linn.}, J. f. O. 1883, p. 312; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. xiii. p. 97 (1890) [part.] ; Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1895,
p. 258, 1896, p. 554; Whitehead, Ibis, 1899, p. 241 [part., Samar] ;
Sharpe, Handel, v. p. 522 (1909) [part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eicrsamml.
p. 350 (1910).
Sarcops melanonotus, Of/ilvie- Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xvi. p. 100 (1906) ;
/</., Ibis, 1906, p. 469 ; McGregor, Man. Philippine Birds, pt. ii. p. 719
(1909).
An egg of the Black-backed Coleto differs somewhat from those
of S. calvus described above in being very glossy. The ground-
colour is pale bluish-green, and the umber-brown and lilac-grey
spots and blotches are mostly concentrated round the larger end.
It measures 1*3 by '92.
1. S.E. Mindanao, Philippine Is. (O. Crowley Bequest.
Kock $ A. Schadrnlwry: Kutter
Coll.).
VOL. V. 2 E
418 ETJLABETIDJB.
Genus EULABES, Cuvier.
Eulabes religiosa (Linn.}.
(Plata XVIIT. figs. 14 & 15.)
Uraeula religiosa, Thien. Fortpflan%. ges. Vog.t&b. xxxviii. fig. 11 (1845-
54).
Eulabes religiosa, Legqe, Birds Ceylon, p. 682 (1879) ; Oates, Fauna
Brit. Intl., Birds', 'i p. 510 (1889) ; Oaten, ed. Hume, Nests $ Eyys
2nd. Birds, i. p. 363 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 522 (1909).
Mainatus religiosus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 99 (1890).
The eggs of the Southern-Indian Grackle are of an elongate oval
shape and moderately glossy. They are greenish-blue, sparingly
spotted and blotched with pale chocolate-red and lilac. The
markings appear to be very evenly distributed over the shell. Five
examples measure from 1*2 to 1-38 in length, and from -85 to '9
in breadth.
2. Travancore, 21st April (F. W. Hume Coll.
Bourdillori).
2. Mynall, Travaneore, 13th April Hume Coll.
(T. F. Bourdillon}.
1. Travancore, 20th May (T. F. B.). Hume Coll.
Eulabes javanensis (OsbecJc).
Eulabes javanensis, Binr/ham, Stray Feathers, ix. p. 192 (1880) : Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 512 (1889) : Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 522
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 350 (1910).
Eulabes intermedia, Oates, ed. Hume, Nests $• Fgqs Ind. Birds, i. p. 365,
(1889) [part.].
Mainatus javanensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 102 (1890).
The eggs of the Malay Grackle are inseparable from those of
E. religiosa. They measure respectively : 1'25 by '91 ; 1*29 by
•93.
2. Meplay Choim?, Tenasserim, 13th Hume Coll.
March (C. T. Bingham).
Eulabes intermedia (A. Hay}.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 13.)
Eulabes intermedia, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, \. p. 51 1 (1889) ; Oates,
ed. Hume, Nests # Egg* Ind. Birds, i. p. 365 (1889) [part.] ; Sharpe,
Hand-L v. p. 523 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 350 (1910).
Mainatus inteimedius, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 104 (1890) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 122 (1899).
The eggs of the Indian Grackle are of quite the same character
as those of E. religiosa and E. javanensis, but are much smaller.
HARTLAUBIUS. APLONIS. 419
Two specimens are marked with pale chocolate-red and lilac, but
two others have, in addition, some spots and blotches of very dark
chocolate-brown. Four examples measure respectively : 1*10 by
•78 ; 1-16 by 79 ; 1-13 by '72 ; Ml by 79.
1. Meplay Choun<r, Tenasserim, 9th Iliune Coll.
March (C. T. Binyham}.
2. Meplay Choung, 9th March (C. Hume Coll.
T. 3.).
1. Sinzaway, Tenasserim, 18th April Hume Coil.
(C. T.B.).
Genus HARTLAUBIUS, Bonap.
Hartlaubius auratus (P. L. S. Mutter).
(Plate XVIII. fig. 20.)
Hartlaubia madagascariensis, E. Neivton, Ibis, 1863, p. 349; Cowan,
Proc. R. Phys. Soc. Edinb. vii. p. 149 (1882).
Ilartlaubius madagascariensis, Milne-Edwards Sc Grandidier, Hist. Nat.
Madag., Ois. i. p. 311, pi. 302. fig. 17 (1879); Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M\ xiii. p. 120 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 122 (1899).
Hartlaubius auratus, Shettei/, Birds A fr. v. p. 36(1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 525 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 525 (1910).
One egg of the Madagascar Tree-Starling is of an elongate oval
shape and slightly glossy. It is pale greenish-blue, profusely
speckled and spotted, especially at the broad end where the
markings are larger and more or less confluent, with dull reddish-
brown and lavender. It measures 1'08 by 7. Two others are of
a somewhat, blunt oval shape and devoid of gloss, but are similarly
marked. They measure -92 by 7 ; and -92 by '68.
2. Madagascar (Gerrard : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Betsileo, Madagascar. Kev. W. Deans Cowan [P.]
Genus APLONIS, Gould.
Aplonis cantoroides, Gray.
Calornis cantor, Layard, Ibis, 1880, p. 295.
Aplonis cantoroides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 128 (1890) :
id., Hand-l. v. p. 527 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 350
(1910).
Three eggs of Cantor's Tree-Starling are of a rather wide oval
shape and glossy. The ground is pale blue or very pale greenish-
blue sparingly marked with spots and dots of dark brown, umber,
and two shades of lilac-grey, the markings being most numerous
2E2
420 ULABETJB^;.
towards the larger end. They measure respectively : I'll by '81 ;
1-1. by -81 ; and 1-06 by '85.
1. Duke of York, Bismarck Archip. Crowley Bequest.
2. New Britain, Bismarck Archip. Crowley Bequest.
Aplonis brevirostris (Peale).
(Plate XVIII. fig. 16.)
Aplonis brevirostris, Whifmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 440; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 130 (1890) ; Nelirk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 122 (1899),
p. 350 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 527 (1909).
The eggs of the Short-billed Tree-Starling are of an elongate oval
form and possess a small amount of gloss. They are pale greenish-
blue, spotted and blotched with chestnut, lilac, and purplish -grey,
and are inseparable from some eggs of Lamprocorax metallica.
They measure respectively : 1'08 by '7 ; 1'12 by '73.
2. Samoa, March. Bey. S. J. Whitmee [C.].
Aplonis vitiensis, Layard.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 17.)
Aplonis tabuensis, Layard (nee GineD, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 435.
Aplonis vitiensis, Layard, P. Z. S. 1876, p. 502 ; id., Ibis, 1876, p. 392;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 131 (1890) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 527
(1909) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 350 (1910).
Three eggs of the Fiji Islands Tree-Starling are of a very broad
oval shape and slightly glossy. One has the ground white, while
in two it is of a pale greenish-blue: all are spotted and blotched
with reddish-brown and lilac, and in one the markings are dense
at the broad end and sparse elsewhere. They measure respectively:
1-09 by -8 ; 1-08 by '72 ; and 1/0 by -76.
1. Fiji Islands, Oct. (F. M. Rayner). Voy. H.M.S. ' Herald.'
2. Wakaya, Fiji Islands, 26th Dec. Crowley Bequest.
(E. L. Layard: Tristram Coll.).
Aplonis atrifusca, Peale.
Sturnoides atrifusca. Whitmee, Ibis, 1875, p. 440; Layard, P. Z. S. 1876,
p. 494.
Aplonis atrifusca, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 134 (1890) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 122 (1899), p. 351 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 528 (1909).
The eggs of the Blackish-brown Tree-Starling are of a narrow
oval shape and almost devoid of gloss. They are of a greenish-
blue colour, with a very few minute specks of lilac scattered here
APLONIS. LAMPKOCORAX. 421
and there over the shell. The specimens measure respectively :
1-35 by -91 ; 1-4 by *9. The measurements of an egg given by
Nehrkorn are considerably less : 1-18 by '86.
2. Samoa, Sept. Rev. S. J. Whitmee [C.].
Aplonis kittlitzi, Finach £ llartl.
(Plate XVIII. fig. 12.)
Aplonis kittlitzi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds IL M. xiii. p. 136 (1890) ; Hariert,
Nov. Zoo/, vii. p. 6 (1900); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 528 (1909;;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaniml. p. 3ol (1910).
Three eggs of Kittlitz's Tree-Starling are indistinguishable from
those of A. canto routes. They measure respectively : 1*21 by *82 ;
l~2 by -82; and 1-1 by '82.
1. Pelew Is., Carolines (T. Kubary : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Ruk Is., Carolines, 26tb May. Crowley Bequest.
Genus LAMPROCORAX, Bo-nap.
Lamprocorax metallica (Ttmm.).
Caiovnis metallica, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 477 (1865) ; Ramsay,
P. Z. S. 1875, p. 593 ; Layard, Ibis, 1880, p. 295 ; North, Nests $
Eggs Birds, Austr. p. 190 (1889) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii.
p. 138 (1890) ; Le Souef, Ibis, 1898, p. 52 ; Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL
p. 122 (1899); Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 475,
pi. 16 (1901) ; North, Nests fy Eggs Birds Austr. ii. p. 265 (1909).
Lamprocorax metallica, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 529 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 351 (1910;.
The eggs of the Shining Calornis are of a somewhat pointed oval
shape and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. They are of
a pale greenish-blue colour, marked with spots and blotches of
chestnut, lilac and purplish-grey. Some specimens are boldly
blotched at the broad end only ; others are spotted pretty evenly
all over ; and others again are very feebly marked with only a few
specks. Examples measure from 1 to 1*18 in length, and from *74
to '8 in breadth.
4. Trobriand I., D'Entrecasteaux Crowley Bequest.
Archipelago, 3rd April (A. S.
Meek).
1. New Britain,Bismarck Archipelago. Crowley Bequest.
1 . Mioko, Duke of York I., October Crowley Bequest.
(E. L. C. Layard: Tristram
Coll.).
1. St. Aignan, Louisiade A rein- A. S. Meek, Esq. [C.].
pela^o.
3. St. AignHii. A. S. Meek. Esq. [C.].
422 EUIABETID^G.
2. N.W. Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
3. Somerset, Cape York, Queensland, « C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
5th Jan.
4. Somerset, 5th Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
4. Cape York (Capt, Stanley}. Voy. H.M.8. 'Rattlesnake.'
4. Cape York. Gould Coll.
1. C^e^OYk(J.Macffilfivray:Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
Lamprocorax chalybea ( Ilorsf.).
(Plate XVIII. tigs. 18 & 19.)
Calornis chalybea, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 345 ; id., Cat. Birds B. M.
xiii. p. 143 (1890) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 122 (1899).
Calornis chalybeius, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 514 (1889) ;
Gates, ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 367 (1889).
Lamprocolius chalybeus, Kuschel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 330.
Lamprocorax chalybea, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 530 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
EiersammL p. 351 (1910).
The eggs of the Glossy Calornis resemble those of L. metallica,
but have a slightly darker ground-colour. They measure trom '93
to 1-15 in length, and from -71 to '79 in breadth.
5. [Malay Peninsula.] W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Kofsoum, Malay Peninsula, 9th Hume ( Joll.
May ( W. Damson).
3. Laugat, Malay Peninsula, 10th Hume Coll.
April (JT. I).).
3. Labuan, Borneo, June. Sir Hugh Low [C.].
L Labuau. Sir Hugh Low [C.J.
2. .Lfihuan F A. H. Everett). Crowley Bequest.
1. [Labuan], 14th June. (/rowley Bequest.
1. [LabuanJ. Crowley Bequest.
Lamprocorax panayensis (Scop.).
Calornis panayensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 147 (1890) ;
Off ilvie- Grant fy Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 244, pi. vi. tig. 1 ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 530 (1909).
The eggs of the Panay Glossy Calornis cannot be separated from
the eggs of L. chalybea. They measure from -97 to 1'OS in length,
and from *77 to -79 in breadth.
2. Philippine Is., 9th May (E. L. Crowley Bequest.
Moseley).
3. Province of Isabella, North-east J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Luzon, Philippine Is., 28th
April.
2. Province of Isabella, 28th April. J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
P Y K K OC H 1 11 A . — AMY DHUS.
Genus PYRROCHIRA, Reichctib.
Pyrrochira caffra (Linn.).
(Plate XIX. tig. 1.)
Pyrrliocheira caffer, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 169 (1890).
Aniydrus cutler, b/uiri>t', cd. Laijard, Birds S. Afr. p. 430 (J 875-84) ;
'Stark, Fauna 8. Afr. Birds ji. p. 28 (1900).
Pyirliocheira catfra, Kuschel, «/./. O. 1890, p. 330; Reich. Voy. Afr. ii.
p. 697 (1903).
Onychognatlius carter, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 103 (1906).
Pyrrochira caffra, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 534 (1909).
Pyrrkochira catira, Netirk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 351 (19.10).
An egg of the Pale-winged Starling is of a rather pointed oval
shape and somewhat glossy. It is pale blue, finely freckled and
spotted all over with reddish-brown and lilac, the markings being
most numerous towards the larger end. It, measures 1-3 by *U9.
.1. Nels Poort, Cape Colony (T. C. Crowley Bequest.
Atmore : Tristram Coll.}.
Genus AMYDRUS, Cabanis.
Amydrus morio (Linn.).
Lamprotbrnia morio, Thien. Fortpjianz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxviii. fig. 8
(1845-54).
Amydrus morio, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 431 (1875-84) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 161 (1890) : Kiischel, J.f. O. 1895,
p. 330 ; R. B. $ J. D. S. Woodward, Ibis, 1897, p. 406 ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 133 (1899) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 26
(1900) : Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 699 (1903) ; Biwknill, Journ. S. Afr.
Orn. 'Union, ii. p. 74 (1908) ; Sharpe t Hand-l. v. p. 535 (1909) ;
Xehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 351 (1910).
Oiiychognathus morio, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 105 (1906).
Eggs of the Cape Glossy Tree-Starling vary in shape from a
regular oval to a blunt oval and exhibit a moderate amount of gloss.
They are of a greenish-blue colour, sparingly speckled and spotted
with rufous, deep purplish-brown and lilac. They vary in length
from 1-17 to 1'47 ; and in breadth from -83 to '99. The eggs of this
species are said to be sometimes uniform blue without markings.
4. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.
2. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
4. Grahamstown, C. Colony, 25th Oct. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C1.]
(B. E. J.).
424 EULABETIM<:.
3. Grahamstown, 3rd Feb. (J. H. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Benn).
3. Upper Kareiga, Grahamstown, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Nov. (Peachey).
3. Blaauw Krautz] C. Colony, Dec. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
(L. Palmer).
3. Blaauw Krantz, Jan. (L. P.) B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
1. Blaauw Krantz, 2nd Jan. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. |_C.J.
3. Blaauw Krantz, 16th Jan. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esd. [O.J.
3. Blaauw Krautz, 10th Jan. (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [O.J.
3. Blaauw Krantz, 22nd Jan, (L. P.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [O.J.
3. Waschbunk, Natal, 4th Nov. Mai or K. Sparrow [E.]
(R. S.).
3. Kusetta, Natal, 1st Dec. (R. S.). Major R. Sparrow [E.].
Genus ONYCOGNATHUS, Hartlaub.
Onycognathus blythi, HartL
Amydrus blythi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. viii. p. 1G4 (1890) ; Ogilvie-
Grant $ Forbes, N. Hist. Sokotra, Aves, p. 22 (1903).
Onychognathus blythi, Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 701 (1903) ; Shelley, Birds
Afr. v. p. 109 (1906).
Onycogiiathus blythi, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 536 (1909).
Three eggs said to be those of Blyth's Chestnut- winged Starling
are indistinguishable from those of /Sturnus vulgaris. They measure
respectively : 1-23 by -9 ; 1-22 by -89 ; and 1-19 by -87.
3. Somaliland. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus LAMPROCOLIUS, Sundev.
Lamprocolius splendidus ( VieilL).
Lamprocolius splendidus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p, 175 (1890) ;
Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 692 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 539 (1909; ;
Ogilvie-Grant, Tr. Zool. Soc. xix. p. 264 (1910) ; Bates, His, 1911,
p. 542, pi. ix. figs. 7 & 11.
Lainprotornis splendidus, Shelley,^ Birds Afr. v. p. 65 (1906).
Lamprocolius splendidus glaucovirens, Bates, Ibis, 1909, p. 37.
Two eggs of the Splendid Glossy Starling are of a regular oval
shape and almost without gloss. The ground-colour is pale
greenish-blue, sparingly marked all over with spots and small
blotches of pale reddish-brown and lilac-grey. They measure
respectively T23 by -95 ; and 1-18 by -87.
1. Bitye, Cameroon, Aug. (595). G. L, Bates, Esq. [P.l
1. Bitye, Sept. (110). G. L. Bates, Esq. [P.
l.AMPROCnLirs. 425
Lamprocolius purpureus (P. L. S. Mail.}.
Lamprocolius purpureus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 175 (1890) ;
Reich. Vo<j. Afr. ii. p. 691 (190-3) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 539 (1909) ;
Nehrk. K<it. Eiergamml. p. 351 (1910).
Lainprotornis purpureus, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 78 (1906).
An egg said to be that of the Purple Glossy Starling is of a pointed
oval shape and somewhat glossy. It is pale blue, spotted all
over with brown and lilac-grey, the markings being inost numerous
round the larger end. It measures 1*17 by -85.
1. West Africa. Crowley Bequest.
Lamprocolius phoenicopterus (Swains.).
(Plate XIX. figs. 2 & 3.)
Lamprocolius phoenicopterus, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 425
(1875-84) ; Sharpe., Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 180 (1890) ; Kmchel,
Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 541 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 35
(1910).
Lainprotornis phcenicopterus, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 70 (1906) [part.].
Eggs of the Red-shouldered Glossy Starling are of a long oval
shape and distinctly glossy. The ground-colour varies from pale
blue to bluish-green, marked all over with rather small spots of
pale reddish-brown and lilac-grey. They vary m length from 1*1
to 1'18, and in breadth from '77 to *82.
3. Grahamstown, C. Colony, 30th B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Nov. (B. V. J.).
3. Belmont, nr. Grahamstown, 4th B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Dec. (L. Palmer).
Lamprocolius bispecularis (Strickl.).
Lamprocolius bispecularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. xiii. p. 181 (1890) ;
id., Hand-L v. p. 541 (1909).
Lamprocolius pho3nicopterus bispecularis, Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds,
i. p. 39 (1900) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 686 (1903) ; Bucknill, Journ.
S. Afr. Orn. Union, ii. p. 76 (1908).
Lainprotornis phoenicopterus, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 70 (1906) [part.].
Eggs of the Lesser Red-shouldered Glossy Starling resemble those
of L.-plicemcopterus. They measure 1*15 by '72; I'l by *7B.
One taken by Dr. W. J. Ansorge from the oviduct of a female is
uniform bright bluish-green. It measures 1*05 by '8.
426 EULAT3ETIDJE.
"1. Ovampoland, Damaraland, March Orowley Bequest.
(C. J. Andersson: Tristram
Coll.).
1. N'Dalla Tando, N. Angola, 26th Dr. W. J. Ansorge [C.].
Oct.
Genus SPREO, Lesson.
Spreo bicolor (Gmel.).
(Plate XIX. figs. 4 & 6.)
Lamprotornis bicolor, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Voy. tab, xxxviii. fig. 9
(1845-54).
Spreo bicolor, Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 429 (1875-84) ;
Butler, Feilden # Meid, Zool. 1882, p. 25t> ; tiharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. xiii. p. 187 (1890); Kwchel, J.f. O. 1895, p. 330; Kehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 123 (1899), p. 352 (1910) ; Stark, Fauna S.Afr.,
Birds, i. p. 30 (1900) ; Reich. Vby. Afr. ii. p. 673 (1903) ; Shelley,
Birds Afr. v. p. 85 (1906) ; Haayner $• Ivy, Journ. S. Afr. Oru.
Union, iii. p. 78 (1907) ; Backnill, Journ. S. Afr. Orn. Union ^ iv.
p. 75 (1908) ; Sharpe, Rand-l. v. p. 542 (1909).
The eggs of the Common Cape Tree-Starling are mostly of a
pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. They are of a deep bluish-
green colour, the majority being plain, and others spotted with pale
lilac-red. They measure from 1*14 to 1*3 in length, aiid from *b2 to
•9 in breadth.
3. South Africa. Gould Coll.
3. South Africa. Gould Coll.
4. South Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.],
4. South Africa. W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Cape Colony (T. C. Atmore : Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.).
2. Cape Colony (JE. L. L. : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
4. Howiespoort, Cape Colony, 5th B. E. Jupp, Esq. [P.],
Dec. (L. Palmer). (With one
egg of Indicator major.)
3. Howiespoort, 28th Dec. (B. E. J.). B. E. Jupp, Esq. [P.].
(With one egg of Indicator
major.)
1. Deelfontein, Cape Colony, 23rd Colonel A. T. Sloggett [P.].
Nov. (C. H. B. Grant $ E. C.
Seimund).
1. Kurumau, British Bechuanaland, B. B. Woosnam & R. E. Dent,
2nd Jan. Esqrs. [C. ].
4. Kuruman, 2nd Jan. R. B. Woosnam & R. E. Dent,
Esqrs. [C.].
5. Natal ( T. Ayres : Tristram Coll.). Orowley Bequest.
4. Ladysmith, Natal, Nov. Capt. Savile G. Reid [C.].
5. Arnersfoort, E. Transvaal, Oct. Hon. J. A. Bucknill [P.].
ORIOL1DJE. 427
Genus CREADION, Vieill.
Creadion carunculatus (Gmel.}.
(Plate XIX. fig. 5.)
cnruncultitus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 144 (1877) ;
Jicische/f, Trans. $ Proc. X. Zeal. Inst. xix. p. 188 (1887) ; flutter,
Birds N. Zeal, 2nd ed, i. p. 18 (1888) ; id., Suppl. ii. p. 101 (1905) ;
Miarpe, Hawl-l. \. p. 544 (1909).
An egg of the " Saddle-Back " is of a rather long and somewhat
pointed oval shape, almost without gloss. The ground-colour is
pale greyish -pink, with spots and blotches of umber-brown, dark
lilac-grey and pale lavender-grey, the markings being mostly con-
centrated round the larger end where they partially blend and
form an irregular cap. It measures 1'25 by *85.
The white egg marked and spotted with purplish-bro\vn and
measuring 1-4 by I'D referred to this species by Buller (vide supra)
has no doubt been wrongly identified. He also describes a second
egg which agrees in every respect with the specimen in the British
Museum.
1. New Zealand. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Family ORIOLID^.
Genus ORIOLUS, Linn.
Oriolus galbula, Linn.
Oriolus galbula, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. xxvii. figs. 11, a-c
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 60. fig. 10 (1855-63) ;
JJewitson, Eyys of Brit. Birds, i. p. 94, pi. xxvi. fig. i (1850);
Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 221; tiharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 191
(1877) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, \. p. 589, pi. 11 (1883) ; id., Eyys of
Brit. Birds, p. 232, pi. 54. lig. 20 (1896; ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis.
i. p. 1(54 (1905) ; JJresser, Eyys Birds Europe, pts. vii. & viii.
p. 281, pi. v. fig. 5 (1907) ; (Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 54(3 (1909) ;
Aehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 352 (1910).
Oriolus oriolus, Ret/, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 345, pi. 43. figs. 1-4
(1900) ; Jourd'. Eyys Europ. Birds, i. p. 41, pi. viii. figs. 1-4 (1906).
Oriolus oriolus oriolus, Hurtert, Voy. pal. Faun. i. p. 51 (1903).
The eggs of the Golden Oriole are of an oval shape, some being
lengthened and pointed, others short and blunt, and they are highly
glossy. The ground is white, occasionally tinged with pink, and
sparingly marked with specks and spots of deep purplish-brown or
428 OR10LID2E.
black, which are frequently rufous at the edges and with underlying
lavender. The markings are well-defined and usually of a roundish
form, but sometimes they are elongate and otherwise irregular.
They are more frequent at the broad end of the egg than elsewbeiv,
but they are seldom sufficiently numerous to form a cap or zone.
Some specimens in the Collection are very feebly marked. The
eggs measure from 1-07 to 1/35 in length, and from -78 to '9 in
breadth.
5. Holland («7. Baker). S»lvin-Godman Coll.
3. Holland (J. £.). Salvin-Godmau Coll.
4. Valkenswaard, Holland, June. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Valkenswaard, 25th May. Seebohin Coll.
4. Valkenswaard, 27th May. Seebohm Coll.
4. Valkenswaard, 28th May. Seebohm Coll.
4. Valkenswaard, 29th May. Seebohm Coll.
2. Valkenswaard. Crowley Bequest.
10. Elbeuf, France (Noury : Ilaryitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.}.
3. Seville, Spain, ]8th May (H. Snebohni Coll.
Saunders).
4. Sziget Csep, Hungary, 8th June W. Rad cliff e Saunders, Esq.
(F. A. (Jerwa). [P.J.
4. Buygi, Hungary, 2nd June (W. W. Radclitfe Sauiiders, Esq.
R. &)• [P.]-
5. Iszsak, Hungary, 28th May ( W. W. Madeline Saunders, Esq.
X. #.). [P.].
3. Iszsak, 28th May ( W. R. &). w- Radclitfe Sauiiders, Esq.
[P.J
4. Iszsak, 30th May (W. R. &). W. Kadclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
Oriolus kundoo, Sylces.
Oriolus kundoo, Sharpe, Cat. Birds E. M. iii. p. 194 (1877)'; Oates,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 504 (1889) ; Gates, ed. Hume, Nests $
Eyus Ind. Birds, i. p. 354 (1889) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1904, p. 486, pi. x.
figs. 16 & 18 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 547 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 352 (1910).
Oriolus oriolus kundoo, Hartert, Voy. pal. Faun. i. p. 53 (1903).
The eggs of the Indian Oriole are so similar to those of 0. galbula
that they require no separate description, but, on the whole, they
appear to be more sparingly spotted. They measure from 1'03 to
1'32 in length, and from "75 to "87 in breadth.
2. Jerripani, Mussoorie, Himalayas Hume Coll.
(T. Button).
2. Lahore, Punjab, 15th June. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 1st July ( W. Blewitf). Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 14th July ( W. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Sambhur, 9th June. Hume Coll.
1. Sambhur, 26th June, Hume Coll.
1. Sambhur, 10th July, Hume Coll.
1. Sambhur, 14th Julv. Hume Coll.
ORIOLUS.
421)
Sambhur, 16th July.
Sainbhur, 17th .Inly.
Sanibhur, 26th July.
Delhi, 28th Jime (C. T. Bin ff ham).
Agra, 24th June (A. O. Hume).
Agra, 26th July (A. O. H.}.
Bareilly, 25th May (A. O. H.}.
Bareilly, 17th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 21st June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 23rd June (A. O. H.).
Baraitch, 20th May (A. O. H.).
Lucknow, 2nd July (G. Reid}-
Allahabad (C. T. Binaham}. '
Mirzap ur, 29th May (W. E.
Brooks: Tristram Coll.}.
Mirzapur, 28th June ( W. E. B. :
Tristram Coll.}.
Jhansi, 22nd June (F. R. Blewitt}.
Jhansi, 24th June (F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 26th June (F. R. B.}.
Jhansi, 29th June (F. R. B.}.
Jhansi, 30th June (F. R. B.}.
Jhansi, 2nd July (F. R. B.).
Hoshungabad, 18th June (E. C.
Nunn).
Hoshungabad, 20th June (E. C.
N). '
Hoshungabad, 22nd June (E. C.
N.).
Hoshungabad, 28th June (E. C.
3. Saugor, C. Provinces, 26th June.
2. Saugor, 2nd July.
3. Saugor, 7th July.
4. Saugor, 16th Jiily.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
1 1 u me Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll,
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Oriolus diffusus, Sharpe.
Oriolus diffusus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. Hi. p. 197 (1877) ; Legae,
Birds Ceyl. p. 355 (1879) ; Styan, Ibis, 1887. p. 224; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 18 (1899) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 547 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 352 (1910).
Oriolus indicus, Gates, Fauna Brit,. Ind., Birds, i. p. 502 (1889) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, p. 228 (1902); Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun.
i. p. 53 (1903) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1904, p. 487, pi. x. figs. 14 & 17.
The eggs of the Black-naped Oriole are of a narrow pointed oval
form and have a considerable amount of gloss. They are of a pale-
pinkish cream-colour, sparingly spotted and speckled with deep
purplish-brown and pale lavender. Many of the larger spots are
blurred at the edges and run into the surrounding ground-colour.
The smaller spots are usually firm arid well-defined. Five speci-
mens measure from I'l to 1/2 in length, aud from '78 to -9 in
breadth.
430 ORIOT/TDJ3.
2. Foochow, China, 29th May. C. B. "Rickett, Esq. TP.1.
4. Fooehow, June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. fP.
3. Fooohow, 2nd June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
1. Amoy (R. Swinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1 . Ussuri (Nchrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Oriolus tenuirostris, Btyth.
Oriolus tenuirostris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 198 (1877) ; Oaten,
Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 503 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 547
(1909) ; Nehrk. Eat. Eiersamml. p. 353 (1910).
Three eggs of the Burmese Black-imped Oriole are indistinguish-
able from those of 0. gnlbida. They measure respectively : 1-15
by -81 ; 1-12 by -82 ; and 1-09 by -8.
3. Cachar, 21st May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [P.],
Oriolus andamanensis, Tyiler $ Beavan.
Oriolus andamanensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 200 (1877):
Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 504 (1889) ; Butler, J. Bomb.
Nat. Hist. Soc. xii. p. 396 (1899) ; Baker, Ibis, 1906, p. 267 ;
Osmaston, J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xvii. p. 158 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 547 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 353 (1910).
Eggs of the Andaman Oriole closely resemble those of 0. galbula.
Three eggs measure respectively: 1*12 by '86; 1*09 by '82; and
1-08 by -8.
3. Port Blair, S. Andaman?, 2nd May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [C.].
Oriolus acrorhynchus, Vigors.
(Plate XIX. fig. 7.)
OrioUis sinensis, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voq. tab. xxvii. fig. 12 (1845-
54).
Oriolus chinensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 203 (1877) ; Steere, List
Birds $ Mamm. Philipp. p. 17 (1890) ; Of/ilvie- Grant $ Whitehead,
Ibis, 1898, p. 235 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 19 (1899).
Oriolus acrorhynchus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 548 (1909) ; 'Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 353 (1910).
The eggs of the Philippine Oriole are of quite the same type as
those of 0. galbula and 0. Jcundoo, but appear to be more spotted.
They measure from 1-17 to 1-27 in length, and from -84. to -9 iu
breadth.
4. Marinduque, Philippine Islands, Steere Exped.
12th May.
3. Marinduque, May (E.L. Moseley}. Crowley Bequest.
OBIOLTT8,
431
2. Fup-n Island, Babuyan Group, J. Whitehead, Esq. [0.].
North Lu/.on. 5th April.
3. Capo Kngaiio, N.E. Luzon, 15th J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
May *.
Oriolus melanoceplialus (Linn.).
Oriolns melanoceplialus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 215 (1877) ;
Leqtje, Bird* Ceylon, p. 357 (1879) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Bird*,
i.p.'oOG (1889) ;' Gates, cd. Hume, Notts $ Eytj* Ind. Birch, i. p. 359
(1889) ; Sharpe, Hand- 1. v. p. 550 (1909) ; Nekrk. Kat. EiersammL
p. 353 (1910).
The eggs of the Black-headed Oriole resemble those of 0. Jcundoo,
but the ground appears to be invariably tinged with pink, and the
spots are paler and more numerous, with a greater tendency to be
grouped at the broad end of the egg. They measure from 1*03 to
I'll) in length, and from *72 to '83 in breadth.
1. Himalaya (Nehrkom Coll.). Cro vvley Bequest.
2. SikhinTTerai, 4th May. Hume Coll.
1. Sikliim Terai, 6th May. Hume Coll.
2. Allahabad, 5th July. Hume Coll.
2. Raipnr, C. Provinces, 23rd July Hume Coll.
( F. 11. Blewitt).
1 . Raipur. July (F. R. B.\ Hume Coll.
2. Raipur (F. *R. B.). Hume Coll.
2. Calcutta, 22nd June (Dr. Crow- Crowley Bequest.
foot).
2. Thoungyin River, Tenasseriin, Hume Coll.
13th "April (C. T. Binyham).
1. Tenasserim, 24th April. Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 30th March (E. W. Oates). Oates Coll.
2. Pegu, 1st April (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
Oriolus larvatus, Licht.
(Plate XIX. figs. 8-10.)
Oriolus larvatus, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 209: Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
iii. p. 217 (1877) ; Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 413
(1875-84) ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 51 (1900) ; Reich.
Vog. Afr. ii. p. 658 (1903) ; 'Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 551 (1909) ;
Nehrk. 'Kat. EiersammL p. 353 (1910).
Eggs of the South African Black -headed Oriole are of a rather
narrow oval form and slightly glossy. They are dull white,
spotted and blotched, chiefly at the broad end, with yellowish-
brown and dull lavender. There are also a few spots of dark
* The date marked on these is the loth May, not loth April as recorded by
Messrs. Ogilvie-Grant & Whitehead (/. c.).
432 ORIOLTDJ^.
brown intermingled -with the others. They vary in length from
1-06 to 1-28, and in breadth from -73 to -84.
1. South Africa. T. Ayres, Esq. [C.].
2. Nr. Graharastown, Cape Colony, B. E. Jupp, Esq. [0.].
19th Nov. (L. Palmer}.
3. Peachey's Farm, Nov. (P. B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
Peachey).
2 (1 abnormal). Blaauw Krantz.28th B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.j.
Nov. (B. E. /.).
Oriolus trailli, Vigors.
Oriolus trailli, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 222 (1877) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 19 (1899) ; Gates, Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 508
(1889) ; Gates, ed. Hume, Nest* $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 362 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 553 (1909; ; 'Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 353
(1910).
The eggs of the Maroon Oriole are quite inseparable from those
of 0. melanoceplialus. The ground-colour is pinkish-white, and
the markings, which are deep purplish-brown and dull lavender,
are chiefly collected together about the broad end of the egg. One
example measures 1*11 by *8. The others are broken at the small
end and cannot be accurately measured.
1. Narntclm, Native Sikhim, 3rd Hume Coll.
April (L. Mamlellfi.
2. Sikhim, 20th April (J. A. Hume Coll.
(jlammie).
Genus MIMETA, King.
Mimeta flavocincta (King).
Mimeta flavocincta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 466 (1865) ;
Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. 1884, p. 292, taf. xvii. fig. 1 ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 553 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 353 (1910).
Oriolus flavicinctus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 206 (1877) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 19 (1899) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 80 (1901) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 79 (1902).
An egg of the Crescent-marked Oriole is of a pointed oval form
and possesses a considerable amount of gloss. It is of a light
creamy buff-colour, spotted and blotched with dark umber-brown,
light yellowish-brown, and pale underlying lavender. The mark-
ings are more frequent as well as larger round the broad end of
the egg, where they form an irregular zone. It measures 1'25
by '86. This specimen does not agree well with the egg figured by
Meyer.
1. Somerset, N. Queensland, 7th Dec. C. A . Barnard, Esq. [C.].
MTMETA.
433
Mimeta sagittata (La tit.).
(Plate XIX. figs. 11 & 12.)
Oriolus viridis, Ramsay, Ibis, 1863, p. 179 ; Sharpe, Cat. Hinl* B. M.
iii. p. ^li> (1S77) •' Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 19 (1899) ; Campbell,
Xt-itfit $ Ef/(/x Au*tr. Birds, i. p. 81, pi. 6 (1901).
Mimeta viridis, Gfotdtf, Hanrfb. Birds Aii*tr. i. p. 462 (1865); North,
Nfsf* & Etj<i* Birth Ans1r. p. 183 (1889).
Oriolus sagittatus, North, Nests $• Eggs Birds Ausfr. i. p. 75 (1902).
Mimeta saarittata, Sharpe, Hnnd-l. v. p. 555 (1909) [part.]; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 353 (1910).
The eggs of the Xew South Wales Oriole are of precisely the
same type as the single egg of M. flavocincta described above, but
are rather larger. In one specimen, however, the dark umber-
brown markings are entirely absent, and the shell is thickly
covered with spots, blotches, and clouds of yellowish-brown and
inky-purple. In all the examples the markings are very numerous
and prominent at the broad end, where they form an irregular zone
or cap. They measure from l-28 to 1'So in length, and from '91
to -9o in breadth.
'2. Australia. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Xew South Wales. Gould Coll.
2. Dobroyd, N. S. Wales. Gould Coll.
1 . Victoria («/". Gould : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
2. Victoria, 2nd Sept. (A. J. North). Crowley Bequest.
2. Victoria. Govt. of Victoria [P.].
1. Gippsland. Victoria, F. A. Philbrick, Esq. [P.].
Mimeta affinis, (joul<l.
(Plate XIX. figs. 13 & 14.)
Mimeta affinis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 465 (1865) ; North,
$ E(f(/s Birds Austr. p. 184, pi. xi. fig. 12 (1889).
Oriolus affinis,' Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 188 (footnote, 1877) ;
Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. vi. p. 576 (1881) ; Le Souef, Viet.
Nat. xvi. p. 62 (1899); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 19 (1899);
Campbell, Nests fy Eags Austr. Birds, i. p. 79 (1901) ; North, Nests
$ Eggs Birds Austr'. {. p. 78 (1902).
Mimeta sagittata. Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 555 (1909) [part.].
The eggs of the North Australian Oriole vary much in size and
shape, some being of a broad oval, others much more elongate ;
they are fairly glossy. The ground varies from white to pale
creamy-white, marked all over, but not very thickly, with
well-defined spots and specks of dark umber-brown and underlying
dull lavender. They vary in length from 1-23 to 1 -42, and iii
VOL. v. 2 F
434
breadth from '87 to -95. One exceptionally small egg from
Doorook measures 1*02 by -93 inch.
2. Port Essington, N . Australia, 4th
Dec.
2. Doolaloo, N. Queensland, 4th Jan.
2. Doolaloo, 8th Jan.
2. Doolaloo, 17th Jan.
2. Doolaloo, 18th Jan.
1. Doolaloo, 18th Jan.
2. Doolaloo, 19th Jan.
3. Doolaloo, 23rd Jan.
2. Doolaloo, 24th Jan.
1. Doolaloo, 28th Jan.
3. Doolaloo.
1. Doorook, N. Queensland, 3rd
March.
2. Dawson River, Queensland, Oct.
(A. J. North}.
Gould Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Genus SPHECOTHERES, Vieill.
Sphecotheres maxillaris (Lath.).
Sphecotheres maxillaris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 467 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 224 (1877) ; Fitzgerald, Pr. Linn.
Soc. N.S. W. (2) ii. p. 970 (1887) ; North, Nests $ Eqgs Birds Austr.
p. 185. pi. xi. fig. 11 (1889) ; id. Sec. Austr. Mus. i. p. 113 (1891);
Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 82 (1901) ; North, Nests
# JEfff/s Birds Austr.' ' i. p. 81 (1902); Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 555
(1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 353 (1910).
Three eggs of the Fig-bird resemble the greener forms of S.flavi-
ventris described below. They are pale greyish-green spotted with
chestnut, orange-brown, and pale purplish-red, the markings being
rather more numerous towards the larger end of the shell. They
measure respectively : 1-38 by -96 ; 1-36 by -9 ; and 1-32 by -9.
3. East Queensland.
T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
435
Sphecotheres flaviventris, Gould.
(Plate XIX. figs. 15 & 16.)
Sphecotheres flaviventris, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 468 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 225 (1877) ; Le Souef, Viet. Nat.
xvi. p. 62 (1899) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 19 (1899) ; Robinson
$ Laverock, Ibis, 1900, p. 620 ; Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr.
AY/v/.s-, i. p. 84, pi. 6 (1901); North, Nests fy Eggs Birds Austr. \.
p. 83 (1902) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 555 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml, p. 353 (1910).
The eggs of the Yellow-bellied Fig-bird are of a somewhat pointed
oval form and have a small amount of gloss. The ground is pale
greyish-green, or warm pinkish-grey tinged with green, marked
with specks, spots and small blotches of chestnut, orange-brown,
and underlying pale purplish-red. The markings are thickly
disposed over the broad end of the shell, where they form an.
irregular zone, and sparingly elsewhere, but one example in the
series has the markings very evenly distributed over the whole
surface of the shell. They measure from 1-17 to 1'32 in length,
and from -87 to -9 in breadth.
2. N. Australia. 20th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
1. Somerset, N. Australia. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.~|.
2. Somerset, 31st Dec. C. A. Barnard, Esq. TO.].
2. Somerset, 1st Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
1. Wooinaugu, North Queensland, W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
4th Dec. [P.].
1. Woomangu, 14th Dec. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Woomaujju, 21st Dec. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esi.
[P.].
1. Woomangu, 28th Dec. W. Radeliffe Saundars, Esq.
Family DICRURID^.
Genus DICRURUS, Vieill.
Dicrurus annectens (Hodgs.).
(Plate XX. figs. 1-3.)
Dicrurus annectens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 231 (1877) ; Oates,
Fauna Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 312 (1889) ; Baker, Ibis, 1906, p. 257 ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 556 (1909) : Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 354
(1910).
Eggs of the Crow-billed Drongo are of a broad oval shape, some-
what pointed towards the smaller end and slightly glossy. The
eggs are of two types : in one the ground is white with spots and
2*2
43f) DICRUEID^.
blotches of deep chocolate-brown and purplish-grey, most of the
markings being confined to the larger end. In the second type
the ground is pinkish-white or pale pink, blotched and spotted
with light red and pale lavender-grey, the markings, though most
numerous at the larger end, being also distributed over the rest of
the shell. They vary from 1 to 1*1 in length, and from '75 to '79
in breadth.
3. Margherita, Assam, 15th May. E. 0. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
2 Margherita, 22nd May. E. C. Stuart Raker, Esq., ft
Dr. H. Coltart [P.]-
4. Margherita, 1st June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq.
[C.].
3. Margherita, 1st June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq., &
Dr. II. Coltart [P.].
Genus CHIBIA, Hodgson.
Chibia hottentotta (Linn.).
Chibia hottentotta, Swinhoc, Ibis, 1861, p. 411, 18G3, p. 96; SJtarpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. iii. p. 235 (1877) ; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind. Birds, i.
p. 320 (1889) ; Gates, ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, \. p. 213
(1889); Nehrk, Eat. Eiersamml. p. 19(1899), p. 354 (1910);
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 557 (1909).
Chibia brevirostris, Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 378 ; Nehrk. t. c. p. 20.
The eggs of the Hair-crested Drongo are typically of a pointed
oval shape, but some have the smaller end blunt or rounded. The
majority are devoid of gloss, but a few exhibit some trace of it.
The colour is extremely variable. The ground ranges from greyish-
white to pinkish-white and pale salmon-pink. The markings are
of many types. In one they consist of a few faint specks, barely
visible till the egg is closely examined ; in another the egg is
closely stippled all over with pale lilac and rufous; in another the
markings consist of specks and spots of pale chestnut and lavender,
which often form a cap at the broad end ; in a fourth type the shell
is closely speckled and spotted with lavender, umber-brown and
rufous ; and lastly, there is another type in which the egg is
densely spotted, streaked and blotched with pale chestnut and
lavender, the markings generally forming an irregular cap. A
few specimens have, moreover, some minute round black specks at
the broad end. The eggs measure from I'Ol to 1-3 in length, and
from -78 to '86 in breadth.
1. Darjilmg, Sikhim, 14th May (J. Hume Coll.
Gammie).
2. Mong-phoo, Darjiling, 5th June Hume Coll.
(J. G.).
2. Sikhim Terai, 26th April. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 7th May. Hume Coll.
3. Sikhim Terai, 8th May. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 13th May. Hume Coll.
i IIMJIA. UlUil'HOPSlS.
4:J7
Sikhim Terai, 2(ith May.
Sikhim Terai, 2lith May.
Sikliini Terai, 4th June.
Sikhim Terai, 7th June.
LHbrughur, Assam, loth May
(J. R. Cripps).
Dibrug-hur, 17th May (J. R. C.).
Dibrug-hur, 5th June (J. R. C.).
Aracau, Burmah, 3rd June.
Ainoy, China (R. SwinAoe).
Amoy (R. S. : Tristram Coll.).
Fohkien, China, l;)tb May.
Fohkien, 21st May.
Fohkien, 21st May.
Fohkien, 24th May.
Fohkien, 2(>th May.
Foochow, loth May.
Foocbow, 2 1st May.
Foochow, 2(3th May.
Foocbow, 27th May.
Foochow, 1st June!
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
C. B. Rickett, Esq. fP.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
C. B. Rickett, Esq.
P.
P.
Genus DICRUROPSIS, Salvad.
Dicruropsis bracteata (Gould).
(Plate XX. figs. 4 & 5.)
Chibia bracteata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 235 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 2315 (1877) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 20
(1899) ; Robinson $ Laverock, Ibis, 1900, p. 624 ; Campbell, Nest*
cV Eyys Austr. Birds, i. p. 85, pi. 6 (1901); North, Nests fy Eyys
Birds Austr. i. p. 85 (1902).
Dicruropsis bracteata, /Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 558 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 354 (1910).
The eggs of tbe Australian Drongo resemble some of tbe eggs of
Chibia hotttntotta. They are without gloss. In some the ground-
colour is creamy-white, speckled and spotted with pale reddish-
brown and purple. In others, the ground is white or pinkish- white,
boldly blotched and streaked with umber-brown or chestnut and
pale lavender. Others again are white, with scattered rounded
spots of purplish-black and small blotches of lilac-grey. In most
of the clutches the markings are more irequent at the larger end
than elsewhere, and in one example they form a well-defined cap
or zone. Specimens measure from 1-07 to 1'24 in length, and
Iroin '76 to -83 in breadth.
1 . Queensland, 1st Nov.
1. Queensland, July.
2, North Queensland, 16th Dec.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclitfe Saimders, Esq.
'IV.
\V. Radclitle Saunders. Esq.
Li'-].
438 DTCRURID^E.
3. North Queensland, 22nd Dec. W. Radcliffe Saundero, Esq.
[P.].
3. North Queensland, 30th Dec. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. Somerset, Cape York, N. Queens- C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
land, 31st Dec.
4. Somerset, 1st Jan. C. A. Barnard, Esq. [C.].
Dicruropsis carbonaria (Bonap.\
Chibia carbonaria, Sharps, Cat. Birds P. M. iii. p. 238 (1877) ; Rothsch.
$ Hartert, Nov. Zool. iii. p. 236 (1896).
Dicruropsis carbonaria, Salvad. Orn. Pap. ii. p. 177 (1881) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 559 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 354 (1910).
Two eggs of the Papuan Drongo are of a somewhat long oval
shape, rather pointed at the smaller end, and very slightly glossy.
One has the ground white sparingly spotted all over with deep
chocolate-brown and lilac-grey ; the other has the ground pinkish-
white, more densely marked with light purplish-brown and lilac-
grey. In both eggs the markings are rather more numerous
towards the larger end. They measure respectively 1*15 by *8 ;
and 1-1 by -76.
Dr. Hartert describes other specimens collected by Meek as
having the ground creamy-white spotted with larger patches of
brownish-brick-red and purplish-grey, so no doubt all the different
types laid by Chibia hottentotta would be found in a larger series of
eggs of the present species.
1 . Fergusson I., N.E. New Guinea, Crowley Bequest.
1st Dec. (A. S. Meek).
1. Fergusson I., 1st Dec. (A. S. M.). Crowley Bequest.
Dicruropsis laemosticta (Scl.).
Chibia liemosticta, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 241 (1877).
Dicruropsis laemosticta, Salvad. Orn. Pap. ii. p. 174(1881): Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 559 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 354 (1910).
An egg said to be that of the New Britain Drongo is much like
some of the eggs of I). bracteata described above. It is pinkish-
white, spotted and scrolled with various shades of chocolate-brown
and blotched and clouded with lilac-grey all over the shell. It
measures 1'18 by '83.
1. [New Britain] (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Dicruropsis borneensis, Sharpe.
(Plate XX. fig. 8.)
Chibia borneensis, Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 246 ; id., Ibis, 1889, p. 187
McGreyor, Manual Philipp. Bird*, p. 707 (1909).
Dicruropsis borueensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 560 (1909).
CHAPTIA BUCHANGA. 439
Two eggs of the Bornean Drongo are of a rather wide oval shape,
somewhat pointed towards the smaller end, and devoid of gloss.
The ground is pale pinkish-white, with small spots and dots of
light umber-brown and lilac-grey distributed all over the shell, but
rather more numerous towards the larger end. Both eggs measure
1-1 by '8'2.
2. Kina Balu, N. Borneo, 20th May Crowley Bequest.
(J. Whitehead).
Genus CHAPTIA, Hodgson.
Chaptia aenea ( VieilL).
(Plate XX. fig. 11.)
Chaptia renea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 243 (1877); Gates, Fauna
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p 318 (1889) ; Gates, ed. Hume, Nests 8f Egys
2nd. Birds, i. p. 210 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 20 (1899),
p, 354 (1910) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 562 (1909).
The eggs of the Bronzed Drongo are of a regular oval form, some-
times rather pointed at the small end, and have but little gloss.
The ground varies from a pinkish-fawn colour to a salmon-pink,
marked, chiefly in a zone round the large end, with specks and
clouds of pale pinkish-brown, inclining to purple. The specimens
in the Collection are remarkably uniform in colour and markings.
They measure from *76 to -88 in length, and from *6 to 64 in
breadth.
1. Himalaya (Nehrkorn Coll}. Crowley Bequest.
2. Darjiling, Sikhim, 6th April. Hume Coll.
3. Moiigphoo, Darjiling, 15th May Hunie Coll.
(J. Gammie).
2. Faridpur, Bengal, 1st May (J. JR. Hume Coll.
Cnpps).
1. Pegu, 23rd April (E. W. Gates}. Gates Coll.
3. Meplay River, Tenasserim, 10th Hume Coll.
March (C. T. Binyham).
2. Meplay River, loth March Hume Coll.
(C. T. B.).
2. Tavoy, 29th March (J. Darling, Hume Coll.
Junior).
Genus BUCHANGA, Hodgson.
Buchanga atra (Hermann}.
(Plate XX. figs. 6 & 7.)
Dicrurus longus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Viiy. p. 334 (1845-54).
Edolius longus, Thien. torn. cit. tab. xxx. fig. 12.
Dicrurus macrocercus, Beavan, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 375.
440
Buchanga atra, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 246(1877); Let/ye,
Birds Ceylon, p. 386 (1879); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 562 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiertamml. p. 356 (1910).
Dicrurus ate?, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 312 (1889) 5 Oates,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Lygs Ind. Birds, i. p. 198 (1889).
The eggs of the Black Drongo are typically of a pointed oval
form, but the small end is sometimes blunt and rounded, and they
are generally without gloss. They are of twd distinct types. In
one the ground is white, often spotless, at times marked with a
varying number of specks and spots of black or very dark reddish-
brown. In some of these eggs, the markings are lew and minute.
In others, they are numerous and almost invariably collected
together over the broad end.
In the second type, the ground varies from pinkish-white to rich
salmon-pink, and is generally rather profusely marked, chiefly at
the broad end where the ground itself is often darker than else-
where, with specks and spots of lavender, rich purplish-brown, and
black ; the edges of the spots are frequently blurred and they
blend with the surrounding pink ground. The eggs measure from
•87 to 1*15 in length, and from '7 to '85 in breadth.
Bombay (J. II . Gould).
Bombay (J. H. G.}.
Bombay (J. H. G.).
Lahore, Punjab, 10th June.
Lahore, 15th June.
Sultanpur, 9th July.
Sambhur, 15th June (E. M.
Adam).
Sambhur, 20th June (E. M. A.).
Sambhur, 28th June (E. M. A.),
Sambhur, 6th July (E. M. A.).
Sambhur, 10th July (E. M. A.).
Sambhur, llth July (E. M. A.).
Sambhur, 12th July (E. M. A.).
Delhi, 6th June (C. T. Binyham).
Delhi, 12th June (C. T. B.).
Delhi, 22nd June (C. T. B.).
Agra, 16th June (A. O. Hume).
Agra, 17th June (A. O. H.).
Agra, 18th June (A. O. //.).
Agra, 19th June (A. O. H.).
Agra, 21st June (A. O. H.).
Agra, 21st June (A. O. H.).
Agra, 24th June (A. O. H.).
Agra, 15th July (A. O. H.).
Agra, 27th July (A. O. H.).
Agra, 28th July (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 6th May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, llth May (A. O. H.}.
Bareilly, 20th May (A. O. H.)
Bareilly, 22nd May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 24th May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 25th May (A. O. H.).
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll,
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll,
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
BUCHAKGA.
441
Bareilly, 26th May ( A. (). //.).
Bareillv, 27th May (.1. O. H.).
Bareilly, 28th May (A. O. 21.).
Bareilly, 2J)th May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 30th May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 1st June (A. O. Jl.).
Bareilly, 3rd June (A. O. //.).
Bareilly, 4th June (A. O, H.).
Bareilly, t>th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 7th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 10th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 10th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, ]2th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 13th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 14th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 17th June (A. O. H.}.
Bareilly, 19th June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 22nd June (A. O. H.).
Baraitch, 4th May.
Baraitch, 7th May.
Baraitch, 9th May.
Mirzapur, 18th & 24th May (W.
E< Brooks: Tristram Coll.).
Allahabad, 10th July.
Allahabad.
Allahabad.
Allahabad.
Jhansi, 26th June (F. R. Blewitt).
Jhansi, 30th June (F. R. B.).
Jhansi, 27th July (F. R. B.).
Saugor, 0. Provinces.
Saugor, 14th July.
Sikhim Terai, 25th April.
Sikhim Terai, 18tb May.
Barrackpur, Bengal, 8th May
(R. C. Beavan).
1. of Formosa, 13th May (P.
A. Hoist).
Hume Coll,
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume ('oil.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
1 1 urn e Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salviu-Godinan Coll.
Seebohru Coll.
Buchanga assimilis (Bechst.).
(Plate XX. figs. 9, 10, 12 & 13.)
Dicrurus musicus, Gurney, Ibis, 1860, p. 210.
Buchanga assimilis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii, p, 247 (1877) ;
Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds S. Africa, p. 408 (1875-84) ; Marshal/,
Ibis, 1900, p. 2-4; Og'llme- Grant, Ibis, 1902, p. 402.
Dicrurus afer (Licht. nee Linn.), Erlanyer, J.f. O. 1905, p. 703.
Buchanga adsiinilis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 562 (1909); Nehrk. Kat,
Licrsamml. p. 355 (1910).
Bucnanga divaricata (Licht,), Sharpe, t, c, p. 563.
Eggs of the African Drongo vary from a rather elongate to a
blunt oval shape. They are of two very different types. Some arc
white without gloss, and marked sparingly all over with small
442
rufous and lavender spots. Others have the ground-colour glossy
dull salmon-pink marked, chiefly over the broad end, with spots,
blotches and confluent clouds of very pale chestnut and underlying
lavender. They measure from '9 to 1'02 in length, and from
•69 to '75 in breadth.
3. South Africa. Crowley Bequest.
4. Natal (T. Ayres). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Natal (T. A. ). T. Ayres, Esq. [P.].
2. Near Fashoda, White Nile, R. M. Hawker, Esq. [P.].
8th April.
3. Near Fashoda, 8th April. R. M. Hawker, Esq. [P.].
1. Near Fashoda, 15th April. R. M. Hawker, Esq. [P.].
2. Damaraland (C. J. Andersson: Crowley Bequest,
Tristram Coll.).
1. Otjimbinque, Damaraland (C. J. Crowley Bequest.
A.: Tristram Coll.).
Buchanga longicaudata (Jerd.).
(Plate XX. figs. 14-16.)
Buchanga longicaudata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 249 (1877) ;
Leffffe, Birds Ceylon, p. 390 (1879) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 20
(18U9), p. 355 (1910) • Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 563 (1909).
Buchanga pyrrhops, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 251 (1877).
Dicrurus loEgicaudatus, Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 314 (1889) ;
Gates, ed. Hume, Nests fy Eugs Ind. Birds, i. p. 203 (1889).
The eggs of the Indian Ashy Drongo are typically of a blunt
oval form. Many are moderately glossy, but some are entirely
without gloss. The colour is very variable. The ground ranges
from pure white to pinkish-white, pale pink, and rich salmon-
pink, and is speckled, spotted, and blotched with black, deep
reddish-brown or chestnut. The underlying markings are pale
grey or lavender and are usually very conspicuous. As a rule the
broader half of the egg is densely marked and the smaller half
more sparingly. Those eggs in which the ground is white gene-
rally have the markings small and separate ; those in which the
ground-colour is of some shade of pink have them large, undefined,
and frequently confluent. Numerous specimens measure from *85
to 1'05 in length, and from -68 to '75 in breadth.
2. India. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
3. India. Old Collection*
2. Kotgarh, Punjab, <22nd May. Hume CoE.
4. Mussoorie (T. Hutton). Hume Coll.
4. Mussoorie (T. H.). Hume Coll.
1. Almorah, 12th May (W. E. Hume Coll.
Brooks) .
1. Almorah, 16th May (W. E. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim. Hume Coll.
2. Sikhim Terai, 30th April. Crowley Bequest.
1. Darjiling, 8th June. Hume Coll.
BTJCHANGA. 443
21 . Monirphoo, Darjiling ('»/. Gftnnnic). Hume Coll.
4. Mongphoo, 23rd April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
1 . Mongphoo, 2<5th April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
•2. Monirphoo, 29th April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
'2. Monirphoo, 29th April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
3. Mongphoo, 30th April (J. G.). Hume Coll.
2. Mongphoo, 30th April (J. 6-'.). Hume Coll.
2. Mons-phoo, 6th May (.7. G.). llnme Coll.
2. Mongphoo, 7th May (J. G.). Hume Coll.
Buchanga nigrescens, Oates.
Bicrurus nigrescens, Oates, Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 315 (1889) ;
Oates, ed. Hume, A^As # Eyys Ind. Birds, i. p. 208 (1889) ; Stuart
flatter, Ibis, 1906, p. 258.
Buchanga nigrescens, Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 563 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 355 (1910).
Eggs of the Tenasserim Ashy Drongo are of a blunt oval shape
and without gloss. They do not differ from those of B. longi-
caudata. They measure from -81 to 1 in length, and from -67 to
•73 in breadth.
3. Margherita, Assam, 2nd May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
2. Margherita, 1st June. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq., &
Dr. H. Coltart [P.].
2. North Cachar Hills, 23rd April W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(E. C. Stuart Baker). IT.].
2. North Cachar Hills, 28th April W". Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(E. C. S. B.\ [P.].
4. North Cachar Hills, 22nd May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
2. North Cachar Hills, 26th May. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq., &
Dr. H. Coltart [P.].
3. North Cachar Hills, 23rd Aug. E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq., &
Dr. H. Coltart [P.].
2. Pegu, 27th April (E. W. Oates). Oates Coll. & Crowley Bequest.
Buchanga leucogenys, Walden.
Buchnnga leucogenye, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 251 (1877) ; Styan,
Ibis, 1887, p. 224; Kehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 20 (1899), p. 355
(1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 564 (1909).
Dicrurus leucogenys, Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 317 (1889).
The eggs of the White-cheeked Drongo vary from a blunt to a
pointed oval shape and are without gloss. The ground varies from
cream-colour to pale salmon-pink, and is spotted and blotched,
mostly at the broad end, with chestnut and underlying lilac or
lavender. The markings on some eggs are large and blotchy, on
others small, roundish, and well-defined. Numerous specimens
measure from '85 to 1-04 in length, and from '7 to '75 in breadth.
4. Fohkien, 18th May. C. B. Rickett; Esq. [P.].
4. Fohkien, 23rd May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J
444 DICRURIDJE.
3. Foochow, China, 17th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
4. Foochow, 24th May. 0. B. Kickett, Esq. [P.J.
3. Foochow, 24th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
4. Foochow, 26th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
2. Foochow, 26th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. " "'
4. Foochow, 26th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq.
3. Foochow, 29th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq.
3. Foochow, 29th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq.
Foochow, 30th May. C. B. Rickett, Esq.
4. Foochow, 2nd June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. P.j.
3. Foochow, 6th June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
4. Foochow, 9th June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. j_P. j.
Buchanga caerulescens (Linn.).
(Plate XX. fig. 17.)
Buchanga caerulesceus, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 252 (1877); id.,
Rand-l. v. p. 564 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 355 (1910).
Dicrurus caerulescens, Oates, Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 316 (1889) ;
Oates, ed. Hume, Nests fy Eyys 2nd. Birds, i. p. 209 (1889).
Two eggs of the White-bellied Drongo resemble the more heavily
blotched eggs of B. leucoyenys and other allied species. The ground
is pinkish- white blotched with reddish-brown and violet-grey, the
markings being most numerous round the larger end. They
measure 0*9 by 0*7.
2. Cuddapah Dist., Southern India, Rev. H. H. Campbell [P.],
April.
Buchanga leucopygialis (Blyth).
(Plate XX. figs. 18 & 19.)
Buchanga eucopygialis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 253 (1877);
Ley ye, B.irds Ceylon, p. 392 (1879) ; Shurpe^ Hand-l. v. p. 564
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 355 (1910).
Dicrurus leucopygialis, Oates, Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 316 (1889) ;
Oates, ed. Hume, Nests $ Eyys 2nd. Birds, i. p. 209 (1889).
Eggs of the White-vented Drongo or King-Crow do not differ
from those of B. leucoyenys and B. ccerulescens. Four eggs measure
respectively : -96 by '7 ; '95 by '68 ; -94 by '1 ; -85 by '66.
1. North-eastern Ceylon, July ( W. Crowley Bequest.
V. Ley ye).
2. Lunugalla, Eastern Ceylon, loth Crowley Bequest.
April (A. L. Butler).
1. Lunugalla, 4th May (A. L. £.). Crowley Bequest.
EDOLIUS. - DTSSEMUROrDES. 44")
Genus EDOLIUS, CW/>.
Edolius forficatus (Linn.).
Dicrurus forficatus, E. Newton, Ibis, 1863, p. 348, pi. xiii. fig. 7 ; Cowan,
Proc. R. Phii*. Soc. JZdinh.vii. p. 148 (1882); Milne-Edwards #
GramJMier, Jlixt. X<tf. Maday., Ois. ii. p. 899, pi. 304. fig. 2 (1885).
Kdolius forficatus, Sharpp, Cat, Birds B. Tlf. iii. p. 254 (1877): Nehrk.
Kat Eimtmml. p. 20 (1899), p. 355 (1910) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 565 (1909).
Eggs of the Madagascar Drongo are of a broad oval form
without gloss. They are white or pinkish-white, sparingly marked
with specks and small spots of very dark umber-brown or reddish-
brown and underlying lavender. The markings are almost entirely
confined to the broad end. Six specimens measure from '91 to
1/14 in length, and from -71 to -75 in breadth.
2. Madagascar (Gcrrard: Tristram Growl ey Bequest.
Coll.).
0. Betsileo, Eastern Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [C.].
1. Near Ampasimaventz, Eastern Crowley Bequest.
Madagascar, 4th Oct. (E. Neiv-
ton : Tristram Coll.).
Genus DISSEMUROIDES, Hume.
Dissemuroides andamanensis (Tytler # Beaumi).
(Plate XX. fig. 20.)
Dissemuroides andamanensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 255 (1877) ;
Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 321 (1889) ; Osmaston. J. Bomb.
Nat. Hist. Soc. xvii. p. 156 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 565
(1909).
Eggs of the Small Andamanese Drongo are of a regular oval
shape and without gloss. They vary considerably in colour and
markings. One set is white, rather sparingly marked all over with
small spots and dots of dark purplish-brown and lavender-grey,
the markings in two specimens being most numerous towards the
larger end and forming an ill-defined zone. In a second set the
ground is pinkish-white, with irregular marks, short dashes, and
small blotches of light red and with larger blotches and markings
of lilac-grey. A third set has the ground dull greyish-salmon-pink
marked all over, but especially towards the larger end, with light
umber-brown and lilac-grey spots which are mostly rather small.
They vary in length from -98 to 1-05, and in breadth from -7 to
•76.
3. Port Blair, S. Andamans, 25th B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [0.].
April.
3. Port Blair, 1st May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [C.].
3. Port Blair, 3rd May. B. B. Osmaston, Esq. [C.].
446
DICRURID^E.
Genus BHRINGA, Hodgson.
Bhringa remifer ( Temm.).
(Plate XX. fig. 21.)
Bhringa remifer, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 257 (1877) ; Oat.es,
Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. .324 (1889); Oates, ed. Hume, Nests fy
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 216 (1889) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 20
(1899), p. 355 (1910); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 565 (1909).
Three eggs of the Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo are of a regular
oval form and fairly glossy. The ground is of a rich salmon-pink
colour. Two specimens are rather thickly spotted and blotched
with chestnut and lavender ; the third is smeared with dull
chestnut and purplish-grey. In all the markings are chiefly
distributed over the broad end of the shell and are more or less
confluent. They measure respectively : 1'07 by *73 ; 1-07 by -75 ;
•97 by -72.
2. Darjiling, Sikhim, ]5th May Hume Coll.
(,/. Gammie).
1. Darjiling, 20th May (J. G.). Hume Coll.
Genus DISSEMURUS, Qlogw.
Dissemurus paradiseus (Linn.).
Dissemurus paradiseus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 258 (1877) ;
Legge, Birds Ceylon, p. 399 (1879); Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds,
i. p.' 325 (1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume, Nests $ Egg* Ind. Birds, i. p. 217
(1889); Nehrk. Kat. EiersammL p. 21 (1899), p. 355 (1910);
Osmaston, J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xvii. p. 157 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 566 (1909).
The eggs of the Larger Racket-tailed Drongo are usually of a
blunt oval form, but a few are somewhat pointed. They have a
fair amount of gloss. The specimens are of three types. In one,
the ground is white, speckled, spotted, and sometimes blotched
with darker and paler shades of inky-purple, the markings being
most numerous at the larger end. In the second type, the ground
is pinkish-white, spotted, blotched, and clouded with two or more
shades of chestnut and with pale lilac. In the third type, which
is represented by one example only, the ground is pale salmon-pink,
blotched all over with lavender and very pale rufous. The es:gs
measure from 1-05 to 1-2 in length, and from -75 to -85 in breadth.
1. Darjiling, Sikhim, May (T. C. Hume Coll.
Jerdori).
1. Darjiling, 14th May. Hume Coll.
2. Mysore, 10th April (J. Macpher- Hume Coll.
son).
447
Mysore, 26th April (J. M.). Hume Coll.
Mysore, 9th May (J. M.). II nine Coll.
Mynall, Travancore, 8th April. Hume Coll.
Pegu, 30th April (# W. Outcs). Hume Ooll.& Crowley Bequest.
. Pegu, 7th May (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
. Pegu, 16th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
. Pegu, 16th June (E. W. O.). Crowley Bequest.
Family PARADISEID.E.
Genus CRASPEDOPHORA, Gray.
Craspedophora intercedens (Sharpe}.
Ptilorhis intercedens, Sharpe, J. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 444 (1882) ; Brook,
Ibis, 1911, p. 577 ; Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1912, p. 117, pi. iii. tigs. 4 & 5.
Craspedophora intercedens, Sharpe, Monogr. Paradis. fy Ptilon. i. p. 11
(1893) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 568 (1909).
Ptilorhis magnifica intercedens, Hartert, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 488, pi. x.
fig. 9 (1910;.
Three eggs of the Papuan Rifle-Bird are of a regular oval shape,
somewhat pointed towards the smaller eud, and moderately glossy.
The ground is pale buff or creamy-white, longitudinally streaked
all over the shell with burnt-sienna, tawny brown and dark lilac-
grey, but the markings are much more numerous about fche larger
end, round which they form a densely streaked band, the pole
being often, however, nearly devoid of markings. They measure
respectively 1-38 by -95; 1'35 by -93; and 1-26 by -93.
2. Moroka Mountains, British New Walter Goodfellow, Esq. [P.].
Guinea, 2000 ft., 9th June
(W.G.).
1. Mount Victoria, Owen Stanley Crowley Bequest.
Mountains (A. S. Anthony).
Craspedophora alberti (Elliot).
Craepedophora magnifica, Gould (nee VieilL), Handb. Birds Austr. i.
p. 595 (1865) [part., N. Australia].
Ptilorhis alberti, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 156 (1877) ; Campbell,
Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 76, pi. 6(1901); Ogilvie-Grant,
Ibis, 1912, p. 117, pi. iii. figs. 7 & 8.
Craspedophora alberti, Le Souef, Ibis, 1897, p. 394, text-fig. 1 ; Sharpe,
Monogr. Paradis. $ Ptilon. i. p. 9 (1897) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Birds
Austr. i. p. 29 (1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 568(1909); Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml, p. 355 (1910).
Ptilorhis magnifica alberti, Hartert, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 488 (1910).
Two eggs of Prince Albert's Rifle-Bird are nearly elliptical in
shape, the smaller end being slightly compressed, and have a
448 PARADISE™.*:.
considerable amount of gloss. They are of n, creamy-buff colour,
sparingly marked with broad, longitudinal streaks, some of which
are slate-colour and others of two shades of chestnut-brown. There
are also a few spots and specks of a rufous colour scattered over
the shell. The specimens measure respectively : 1'28 by '89 ;
1-26 by -9.
2. Cape York, N. Australia (H. Dudley Le Souef, Esq. [E.].
Barnard).
Genus ASTRAPIA, V-leill.
Astrapia stephaniae, Finsch $ Meyer.
Astrarchia stephaniae, Finsch & Meyer, Zeitsch. ges. Oni. ii. p. 378
(188o); Sharpe, Monogr. Paradis. $ Ptilon. p. 43, pi. xx. (189 1);
itl., Hand-L v. p. 572 (1909).
Astrapia stephamaB, ? Hartertj Nov. Zool xvii. p. 488, pi. x. fig. 8 (1910) ;
Ogilvie- Grant, Ibis, 1912, p. 114, pi. iii. fig. 3.
An egg of Princess Stephanie's Bird-of-Paradise is of a regular
and rather elongate oval shape and is less glossy than eggs of
Paradisea apoda and P. raygiana. The ground is buff tinged with
salmon-colour, and the longitudinal markings are mostly concentrated
in two large patches on the broader half of the egg : besides these,
there are numerous large and small spots scattered over the rest of
the shell. The shell-markings are vandyke-brown and burnt-sienna
and the underlying markings, which are few, large and all disposed
longitudinally, are dull lavender-grey. It measures 1*65 by 1*1.
1. (Laid in captivity) Owen F. J. Brook, Esq. [P.].
Stanley Mt?M 14th Aug.
(W. Goodfelloiv}.
The egg figured by Dr. Hartert (op. cit.\ and taken by A.
S. Anthony in the Owen Stanley Mountains, 8000 ft., is much
smaller than the one described above, which was laid in Mr. Brook's
Aviarv at Hoddam Castle. The former has possibly been wrongly
identified, and is indistinguishable from eggs of P. rac/c/iana found
in the same district, but seldom met with above an altitude of
3000 ft. Mr. Brook's bird laid two other eggs quite similar to the
one described above.
Genus PARADISEA, Linn.
Paradisea apoda, Linn.
Paradisea apoda, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 166 (1877) ; Meyer,
Zeitschr. gcs. Orn. i. p. 293, pi. xvii. fig. 2 (1884) ; Sharpe, Monogr.
Paradi*. $ ttilon. i. p. 45 (1891); id., Hanri-l. v. p. 572 (1909);
Goodfellow, Avicult. Mag. (3) i. p. 283 (1910) ; Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis,
1912. p. 113. pi. iii. 6g.2.
PAKADISEA. PIIONYGAMA. 449
An egg of the Great Bird-of-Paradiae is of a regular oval
shape, slightly compressed towards the smaller end, and distinctly
glossy. The ground is salmon-cream-colour, longitudinally streaked
with burnt sienna and various shades of lighb and dark lilac-grey,
the streaks being chiefly disposed round the larger half of the
shell, the pole marked with a few spots only. It measures 1'54
by 1-08.
1. Silbattabatta, Wanumbai, Wofcan Mrs. E. J. Jolir.stone [P. "I.
I., Am Is., 12th Dec. (W.
Goodfellow).
Paradisea raggiana, ScUter.
Paradisea raggiana, Sharpe. Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 169 (1877) ; Ramsay,
P. L. S. N.S. W. viii, p. 26 (1883); Sharpe, Monoc/r. Paradis. $
Ptilon. i. p. 48 (1896) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 573 (1909) ; Hartert,
Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 489, pi. x. fig. 3 (1910) ; Ogilvie-Grant, Ibis, 1912,
p. 114, pi. iii. fig. 1.
Two eggs of the Marquis Raggi's Bird-of-Paradise are very
similar to that of P. apada, but the ground is of rather a deeper
salmon-cream colour and the longitudinal streaks are rather more
numerous and confluent at the larger end. They measure
respectively 1-4 by 1-05; and 1-38 by -91.
1. Kokada, north side of Owen Captain F. H, Barton [P.].
Stanley Mts.
1. Wamai, south side of Owen Cfiptain F. II. Barton [P.].
Stanley Mts.
Genus PHONYGAMA, Lesson,
Phony gama jamesi, Sharpe.
Phonvgama jamesi, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 181 (1877) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 579 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. JEiersamml. p. 35(5 (1910).
Phony gam a purpureo-violacea, Meyer, Zeitschr. ges. Orn. ii. p. 375
(1885) ; Sharpe, Monagr. Paradis. $ Ptilon. ii. p. 5 (1894).
Phonyo-ammus iamesi. Hartert, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 490, pi. x. fig. 10
(1910).
Two eggs believed to be those of James's Manucode are of a
regular oval shape, slightly compressed at the smaller end ; a third
egg is much pointed, and all are glossy, The ground differs in
each specimen, being pinkish-grey, buff tinscd with pink, or rather
bright salmon-buff. All three eggs are marked, mostly towards tlio
broad end, with short more or less longitudinal streaks or spots of
reddish-brown and lilac-grey; in the egg with the pinkish-buff
ground, the markings arc rather indistinct and blurred, while in the
other two specimens the red-brown surface-markings stand out
rather clearly from the lilac under-maikings,
VOL. v. 2 G
450 PAKA.DISEIDJ5.
•
The eggs agree with the description given by Herr Nehrkorn and
with that figured by Dr. Hartert.
They measure respectively : 1'5 by *95 ; 1*44 by *98 ; and
1-43 by 1.
2. South-east New Guinea. Herr Weiske [C.].
1. Kagi, nr. Mt. Victoria, 0000 ft., Captain F. R. Barton [P.].
Owen Stanley Range.
Genus MANUCODIA, Bocld.
Manucodia altera, Eotlischild $ Hartert.
Manucodia atra, Le Souef, Hi*, 1900, p. 612, text-fig. 1.
Manncodia ater altera, Rothsch. S? Hartert, Nov. Zool. x. p. 84 (1903).
Manucodia altera, Sharpe, Hand-L v. p. 579 (1909).
Manucodia atra altera, Hartert, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 490. pi. x. fig. 12
(1910).
An egg believed to be that of Rothschild's Manucode is of a long
oval shape, slightly compressed towards the smaller end, and
somewhat glossy. The ground is white with a faint pinkish tinge,
spotted profusely at the large end, very sparingly elsewhere, with
chocolate-brown, purplish -brown and lilac-grey, the spots, especially
those round the pole, extending longitudinally. It measures 1'55
by -99.
This egg agrees closely with the specimen procured in the Aru
Islands by H, Kiihn and figured by Dr. Hartert.
1. South-east New Guinea. Herr Weiske [C.j.
Manucodia jobiensis, Salvad.
Manucodia jobiensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 184 (1877) ; id.,
Monocjr. Paradis. Sf Ptilon. ii. p. 13 (1898) ; id., Hand-L v. p. 580
(1909).
Two eggs of the Jobi Manucode are of a wide oval shape,
very slightly compressed towards the smaller end, and almost without
gloss. The ground is greyish-pink marked thickly round the broad
end and very sparingly elsewhere with several shades of red-brown
and lilac-grey, the latter markings being fused and forming a zone
round the pole. They measure respectively: 1'25 by '97 and
1-25 by 9-5.
2. Parimau, Mimika R., S. Dutch Subscribers to the B. O. U.
New Guinea, £8th Dec. (C. H. Exped. Dutch N. Guinea
B. Grant}. [P.].
LOPIIORHINA. AMBLYORNfS. 451
Genus LOPHORHINA, Vie'dl.
Lophorhina minor, llamsay.
Lophorhina superba minor, Ramsay, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. W. x. p. 242
(1885).
Lophorhina minor, Sharpe, Monogr. Paradis. fy Ptilon. ii. p. 41, pi. xxiii.
(1895); id., Hand-l. v. p. 583 (1909); Ojilvie- Grant, 76^,1912,
p. 116, pi. iii. fig. 6.
Lophorina superba minor, Harferf, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 487, pi. x. figs. 22,
23 (1910).
An egg of the Lesser Superb Bird-of-Paradise is of a regular
oval shape, somewhat compressed at the smaller end, and dis-
tinctly glossy. The ground is pale brownish-cream-colour, thickly
and finely spotted and dotted all over the shell with pale yellowish-
brown and heavily marked round the broader end with longitudinal
streaks of vandyke-browu and dark lilac-grey, the latter being more
or less confluent. It measures 1'24 by '85.
Two eggs figured and described by Dr. Hartert agree in size and
general appearance with the above ; but the longitudinal markings
are distributed all over the shell. One has the ground-colour
brownish-buff and the brownish-grey and pale brown markings
rather faint; the other has the ground cream-colour, and the
reddish-brown and bluish-grey markings much stronger.
1. Kagi, nr. Mt. Victoria, 6000 ft., Capt. F. R. Barton [P.].
Owen Stanley Range,
Genus AMBLYORNIS, filliot.
Amblyornis inornatus (Schl.).
Amblyornis inornata, Beccari, Ann. Mus. Cii\ Genov. ix. p. 382 (1879) ;
Gould, Birds New Guinea, i. pi. 46(1879); Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. vi. p. 394 (1881); id., Mowyr. Paradis. $ Ptilon. ii. p. 5L
(1893) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 584 (1909),
An egg of the Gardener Bower-bird is of a narrow oval shape
and moderately glossy. It is of a uniform cream-colour, and
measures 1*65 by 1*09.
1. S.E. New Guinea. Herr Weiske [0.].
Amblyornis subalaris, Sharps.
Amblyornis subalaris, Gould, Birds New Guinea, i. pi. 47 (1886) ; Sharye,
Monogr. Paradis. $ Ptilon. ii. p. 55 (1894) ; id., Hand-l v. p. 584
(1909).
An egg of the Orange-crested Bower-bird is of a regular oval
shape and moderately glossy. It is of a uniform cream-colour,
and measures 1*6 by I'll.
1. S.E. New Guinea. Herr Weiske [C.].
452
PARADISEIDJE.
Germs CHLAMYDODERA, Gould.
Chlamydodera maculata, Gould.
Chlamydodera maculata, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 450 (1865) ;
Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 605 ; id., Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. vii.
p. 409, pi. 3. tig. 2 (1882) ; id., op. cit. 2nd ser. i. p. 1059, pi. 19.
fig. 1 (1886) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 389 (1881) ; North,
Pi-oc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. 2nd ser. i. p. 1157 (1886) ; id., Nests #
Eggs Birds Austr. p. 178, pi. xi. fig. 5 (1889); Sharpe, Motwgr.
Paradis. $ Ptilon. ii. p. 71 (1898) ; Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr.
Birds, i. p. 198, pi. 9 (1901) ; North, Nests Sf Eg as Birds Austr. i.
p. 41 (1902) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 586 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 357 (1910).
The eggs of the Spotted Bower-Bird are of a somewhat pointed
oval shape and moderately glossy. They are of a very pale green
colour, covered, but most densely about the middle portion of the
egg, with blotches and an intricate entanglement of lines, both
coarse and fine, of an umber-brown, sienna, and blackish-brown
colour. In addition, there are numerous underlying lavender
blotches. Three examples measure respectively: 1'45 by 1*03;
1-39 by 1 ; and 1-35 by -98.
1. Australia. P. L. Sclater, Esq. [P.].
2. Moravia Oomeli River (a tributary Gould Coll.
to the Dawson River), Queens-
laud (J. A. Foot}.
Chlamydodera nuchalis (Jard. $ Selby}. \
Chlamydodera nuchalis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 448 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 391 (1881) ; Le Souef, Viet. Nat.
xvi. p. 66 (1899) ; id., Ibis, 1899, p. 359 ; Sharpe, Monogr. Pardis.
$ Ptilon. ii. p. 79 (1898) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 586 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 357 (1910).
Chlamydera nuchalis, Campbell, Nests 8f Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 203
(1901).
Chlamydera nuchalis nuchalis, Hartert, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 486 pi. x.
tigs. 15, 16 (1910).
An egg of the Great Bower-Bird is of a narrow oval shape and
moderately glossy. It is of a pale buff colour, profusely covered
with blotches, clouds, and linear markings of umber-brown and
underlying purplish-grey. It measures 1*7 by 1*16.
1. Port Essington, N. Australia. Gould Coll.
Genus .ffiLURCEDUS, Cabanis*
JEluroBdus stonei, Sharpe.
^Elurcedus stonei, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. vi. p. 387 (1881) ; Gould,
Birds Neiv Guinea, i. pi. 37 (1881) ; Sharpe, Monogr. Paradis. $
Ptilon. ii. p. 101 (1893) ; id., Hand-l. v. p. 587 (1909).
An egg said to be that of Stone's Cat-Bird is of a very narrow
453
oval shape and slightly glossy. It is of a uniform rich cream-
colour, and measures 1'Go by 1.
1. S.E. New Guinea. Herr Weiske [C.].
JElurcedus melanocephalus (Ramsay).
^Elurcedus melanocephalus, Gould, Birds New Guinea, i. pi. 42 (1888) ;
Sharpe, Monogr. Paradis. $ Ptilon. ii. p. 91 (1897) ; id., Hand-l. v.
p. 588 (1909).
An egg said to be that of the Black-naped Cat-Bird is of a
pointed oval shape and slightly glossy. It is of a uniform rich
cream-colour, and measures 1-8 by 1-22.
1. S.E. New Guinea. Herr Weiske [C.].
Family CORVIME.
Genus TRYPANOCORAX, Sundev.
Trypanocorax frugilegus (Linn.).
Corvus frugilegus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. qes. Vog. tab. xl. fig. 2, a-e
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 28. tig. 5 (1855-63) ;
Heicitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p/226, pi. lix. (1856); Dresser,
Birds Eur. iv. p. 551 (1875) ; Seebohm, Brit, Birds, i. p. 549, pi. 16
(1883); id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 225, pi. 55. fig. 11 (18»6»;
Neivton, Ootheca Wollei/ana, pt, ii. p. 504 (1902); Dresser, Man.
Pal. Birds,i. p. 426 (1902) ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 361,
pi. 49. figs. 1-7 (1904) ; Jourd. Eggs Euro)). Birds, i. p. 11, pi. 4.
figs. 1-7 (1906) ; Dresser, Egqs Birds Europe, pts. xiii. & xiv.
p. 439, and pts. xi. & xii. pi. 6. figs. 7-12 (1908).
Trypanocorax frugilegus, Loche, Expl. Sci. Alg&r., Ois. i. p. 113 (1867) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 9 (1877); id., Hand-l. v. p. 589
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 357 (1910).
Corvus frugilegus frugilegus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 13 (1903).
Eggs of the Common Hook so closely resemble the eggs of the
Raven (Corvus corax) described below, that they require no separate
description. They measure from 1'44 to 1'78 in length, and from
1-08 to 1-2 in breadth.
4. Dumfries, Scotlaud (Hargitt Seebohm Coll.
Coll.}.
16. Sheffield, Yorkshire, 30th March Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm}.
14. Middlesex. Seebohm Coll.
4. Wenton Hill, Middlesex, 17th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
April (H. Booth). [P.].
2. Fiuchley, Middlesex. Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Tilford, Farnham, Surrey Crowley Bequest.
m (Copper}.
5. Tilford (Copper). Crowley Bequest.
454 CORVID^K.
6. Loxwood, Sussex, 4th March Salvin-Godman Coll.
(P. Godmcm).
4. Alton, Hants, 2nd April. Crowley Bequest.
6. Maiden Newton, Dorset, 17th W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
April (R. Wallis}. [P.].
6. Maiden Newton, 26th April W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
(11. W.}. [P.].
7. Co. Antrim, Ireland, 31st March W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(S. M. Stears). [P.].
2. Sweden. S. O. "Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
3. Valkenswaard, Holland, 21st Seebohm Coll.
May.
5. Pomerania (T. Holland}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Rhenish Prussia, 22nd April. Seebohm Coll.
Trypanocorax pastinator (Gould).
(Plate XXI. figs. 6 & 7.)
Corvus pastinator, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1861, p. 336.
Trypanocorax pastinator, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 10 (1877) ;
Tacz. Faun. Orn. Siber. Orient., Mem. Ac. St. Petersb. (7) xxxix.
p. 537 (1891) ; Newton, Ootheca Wol/et/ana, pt. ii. p. 506 (1902) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 589 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 357
(1910).
Corvus frugilegus pastinator, Hartert, Vdg. pal. Faun. i. p. 14 (1903).
Eggs of the Eastern Rook cannot be separated from the more
densely marked examples of the eggs of T. fruyilegus. They vary
in length from 1-5 to 1'65, and in breadth from 1-03 to 1-12.
1. [China] (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Amoy, China (R. Swinhoe'). Seebohm Coll.
4. Chin-kiang, E. China, 9th April. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.].
Genus HETEROCORAX, Sliarpe.
Heterocorax capensis (Licht.).
(Plate XXI. figs. 4 & 5.)
Corvus montanus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Voy. tab. xxxix. fig. 7, a-c
(1845-54).
Corvus capensis, Andersson, Birds Damaraland, p. 155 (1872) ; Marshall,
Ibis, 1900, p. 223; Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 14 (1900) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 152 (1906).
Heterocorax capensis, Sharpe, ed. La-yard, Birds S. Africa, p. 415
(1875-84) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 12 (1877) ; Butler,
Feilden Sf Reid, Zool. 1882, p. 255 ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 13
(1899) ; Reich. Vdg. Afr. ii. p. 637 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l, v.
p. 590 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p.^357 (1910).
Heterocorax capensis minor, Reich. Vdg. Afr. ii. p. 638 (1903).
The eggs of the African Rook are of a narrow, pointed oval
shape and moderately glossy. They vary from reddish-white to
salmon-pink, and are marked with rich chestnut, lilac-red, or pale
EETEBOCOBAX. — CORVrs.
455
reddish-brown and underlying lavender or lilac-grey. The markings
on some eggs are small and extremely dense, covering the greater
part of the ground-colour ; those on other eggs are bold and com-
paratively sparse, the larger blotches being of a very rich colour
and the smaller ones paler. The eggs vary greatly in size, the
smallest example in the Collection measuring 1*55 by 1'05, and
the largest 2-12 by 1-34.
3. Kaka, near Fashoda, White Nile,
19th April.
3. Kaka, 30th April.
4. South Africa.
3. South Africa.
4. South Africa.
1. South Africa.
1. South Africa.
2. South Africa (E. L. Layard).
5. South Africa.
2. Cape Colony (E. L. L. : Tris-
tram Coll.).
2. Cape Colony ( T. C. Atinore :
Tristram Coll.).
2. Blaauw Krantz, Grahamstown,
C.C., 2nd Jan. (B. E. J.).
1. Blaauw Krantz.
2. Olifant's Kloof, Dec. (B. B.
jBowker) (with one egg of
Coccystes cjlandarius, cf. vol.iii.
p. 102).
1. Newcastle, Natal, 23rd Sept.
4. Transvaal ( T. Ayres : Tristram
Coll.).
3. Potchefstroom, Transvaal ( T. A.).
1. Namaqualand.
R. McD. Hawker, Esq. [P.].
R. McD. Hawker, Esq. [P.I.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Sir A. Smith [P.].
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Salvin-Godinan Coll.
E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C.].
B. E. Jupp, Esq. [C].
Capt. Savile G. Reid [C.].
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Genus CORVUS, Linn.
Corvus corax, Linn*
Corvus corax, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xxxix. fig. 1, a-f
(1845-54) ; Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 220, pi. Ivii. (1856);
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 567 (1875) [part.] ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds
B. M. iii. p. 14 (1877) ; Seebohm, lint. Birds, i. p. 532, pi. 16
(1883) ; id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 223, pi. 55. figs. 7 & 9
(1896); Nealc, 'liep. Cardiff Soc. xxxii. p. 49, pi. (1.901); Newton,
Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii.'p. 514 (1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
i. p. 423 (1902); Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteletirop. i. p. 356 (1904), pi. 48
(1900) ; Jourdain, Eggs Eur op. Birds, i. p. 1, pi. i. (1906) ; Dresser,
Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xiii. & xiv. p. 434, pts. xi. & xii. pi. 5.
figs. .1-7 (1908) [part.]; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 590 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Rat. Eiersamml. p. 357 (1910).
Corvus littoralis, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 34. fig. 4 (1855-63).
Corvus sylvestris, Baedeker, torn. cit. tab. 34. fig. 3.
Corvus corax corax, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 2 (1903).
The eggs of the Common Raven vary from a pointed to a regular
456 CORVIDJS.
oval shape, and usually exhibit a fair amount of gloss. The
ground-colour varies from a clear greenish-blue to a dingy olive-
green, marked with different shades of brown, varying from pale
greenish-brown to blackish-brown or even black, and underlying
lavender. The markings on many specimens are small, distinct
and sparse, on others blotchy or cloudy and frequently confluent
on the larger half of the egg, where they form a very irregular cap.
Between these two extreme types, variations of every kind may be
found in a large series. Examples measure from 1*66 to 2-1 in
length, and from 1*2 to 1'42 in breadth.
2. Hoy, Orkneys. Philip Crowley, Esq. [P.].
1. Skye, Hebrides, 24th March. Seebohra Coll.
3. I. of Islay, Hebrides, May (If. J. Crowley Bequest.
Elwes).
4. Inverness-shire, 2nd March (Har- Seebohm Coll.
gitt Coll.}.
2. Norfolk, 13th March. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Lundy Island, Bristol Channel. Seebohm Coll.
5. Beacon Point, Devon, 31st March W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(J. H. Walli*). [P.].
5. Kingston, Devon, 24th March W. Radcliffe Saunderp, Esq.
(J.H.W.). [P.I.
1. Cornwall. 5th March. Seebohm Coll.
(). Pomerania ( T. Holland). Seebohm Coll.
4. Pomerania (T. H.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Pomerania, 28th March (T. H.}. Seebohm Coll.
0. Politz, near Stettin, 19th March Seebohm Coll.
(T.H.).
4. Dorpat, Baltic Provinces, llth Seebohm Coll.
March (Russow).
5. Mark Brandenburg, 24th March. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Silesia (Saclise}. Seebohm Coll.
7. Russia. Seebohm Coll.
Corvus islandicus, HantzscJi.
Corvus islandicus, Hantzsch, Orn. Monatsb. xiv. p. 130 (1906) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 591 (1909).
Eggs of the Iceland Raven are indistinguishable from those of
C. corax.
2. Iceland. Seebohm Coll.
2. Iceland (Proctor : Tristram Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
Corvus Mspanus, Hartert $ Kleinsclim.
Corvus corax, Saunders (nee Linn.}, Ibis, 1871, p. 221.
Corvus corax hispanus, Hartert fy Kleinsclnn. Nov. Zool. viii. p. 45
(1901) ; Hartert, Vofj.pal. Faun. i. p. 5 (1903) ; Jourd. Eggs Europ.
Birds, i. p. 4 (1900).
Corvus hispanus, Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 591 (1909).
CORVTJS. -1">7
Eggs of the Spanish Haven are indistinguishable from those of
C. cont.f.
6. Sierra Nevada, Spain, 20th April Seebohm Coll.
(II. Sounders).
Corvus canariensis, Hartert $' Kleinsclim.
Corvus tingitanus, Iteid (nee Irby), Ibis, 1888, p. 82; Koenig,J.f. O.
1890, p. 359, pi. viii. fig. 10 ; Meade- Waldo, Ibis, 1893, p. 194.
Corvus corax cauariensis, Hartert fy Kleinschm. Nou, Zool. viii. p. 45
(1901) ; Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 6 (1903).
Corvus canariensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 592 (1909); Nehrk. Eat.
Eiersamml. p. 357 (1910).
Eggs of the Canary Island Raven are indistinguishable from
those of C. corax.
5. Fuertaventura, Canaries. Crowley Bequest.
3. Fuertaventura, March (H. B. Crowley Bequest.
Tristram).
4. Tenerife, Canaries. Capt. Savile G. Reid [C.].
3. Tenerife, March. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Corvus tingitanus, Irby.
Corvus corax, Tristram (nee Linn.), Ibis, 1859, p. 291 ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859,
p. 312 ; Loche, Expl. Sci. Alger., Ois. i. p. 108 (1867).
Corvus tingitanns, Irby, Ibis, 1874, p. 264; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv.
p. 5(53 (1875) ; Irby, Orn. Sir. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 84 (1895) ; Erlanger,
J. f. O. 1899, p. 492 ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xiii. & xiv.
p. 437, pts. xi. & xii. pi. 6. tigs. 1-5 (1908) [part.]; Sharpe, Hand-l.
v. p. 592 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 358 (1910).
Dresser,
Corvus leptonyx, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 19 (1877) ;
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 425 (1902) [part.].
Corvus corax tingitanus, Hartert, Vbg. pal. Faun. i. p. 6 (1903) ;
Whitaker, Birds Tunis, ii. p. 17 (1905) ; Jourdain, Eggs Europ.
Birds, i. p. 4 (1906).
Eggs of Irby's Raven are inseparable from the eggs of C* corax.
Examples measure from 1*72 to 2'05 in length, and from 1-2 to
1-38 in breadth.
1. Algeria. Salvin-Godman Colh
5. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 12th May Salvin-Godman Coll.
(O. Salvin).
1. Ain Djendeli, 20th May (O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. Kef Laks, Algeria, 21st April Salvin-Godman ColL
(O.S.).
1. Kef Laks, 22nd April ( O. S.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
3. .Morocco, 20th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.l.
1. Morocco. Crowley Bequest.
458 CORVIDJE.
Corvus laurencei, Hume.
COITUS corax, Oates (nee Linn.}, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 14
(1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 1 (1889).
Corvus corax laurencei, Hartert, Vb'g. pal. Faun. i. p. 7 (1903).
Corvus lawrencei, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 592 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 358 (1910).
Eggs of the Persian Raven do not differ in any way from those of
C. corax.
41. Sirsa, Punjab. Hume Coll.
2. Sirsa, Dec.' Hume Coll.
1. Sirsa, 15th Jan. Hume Coll.
2. Sirsa, 25th Jan. Hume Coll.
2. Sirsa, llth Feb. Hume Coll.
2. Sirsa, 15th March. Hume Coll.
1. Sirsa, 20th March. Hume Coll.
1. Sirsa, 28th March. Hume Coll.
2. Sirsa, loth April. Hume Coll.
3. Sirsa, 20th April. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, Punjab, 19th Dec. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 15th Jan. Hume Coll.
3. Hansi, 15th Jan. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 20th Jan. Hume Coll.
1. Hansi, 6th Feb. Hume Coll.
4. Hansi, 16th March. Hume Coll.
2. Hansi, 17th March. Hume Coll.
4. Hansi, 19th March. Hume Coll.
2. Bhawulpur, Punjab, 15th Feb. Hume Coll.
4. Mahowalla, Hansi, 4th Feb. Hume Coll.
(H. S. Niel).
2. Soolekhara, Hansi, 26th Feb. Hume Coll.
(H. S. N.).
1. Delhi, 15th Jan. Hume Coll.
Corvus umbrinus, Sundev*
Corvus umbrinus, Tristram, Ibis, 1866, p. 70 ; Taylor, Ibis, 1867, p. 66 ;
Shelley, Birds Egypt, p. 158 (1872) ; Dresser, Birds Ew\ iv. p. 577
(1874) ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii.p. 17 (1877) ; Erlanger, J.f. O.
1899, p. 495; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 424 (1902); Reich.
Vog. Afr. ii. p. 633 (1903) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, ii. p. 22 (1905) ;
Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 149 (1906) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe,
pts. xiii. & xiv." p. 436, pts. xi. & xii. pi. 5. figs. 8 & 9 (1908) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 592 (1909) ; NehrTc. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358
(1910).
Corvus corax umbrinus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 8 (1903).
Eggs of the Brown-necked Raven resemble those of the C. corax,
being clear greenish-blue, marked with different shades of brown
and underlying lavender. One example is merely marked with a
very few specks and small smears, while two others are rather
densely mottled. The other specimens are intermediate in colora-
tion. They measure from 1'7 to 1*86 in length, and from 1'2 to
1'27 in breadth.
CORVUS. 459
3. Wady Kelt, nr. Jericho, Palestine, Crowley Bequest.
19th April (//. B. Tristram).
2. Near Jericho, 16th ^ April (H. Crowley Bequest.
r>. 7'.).
2. Near Jericho, 23rd April (II. W. Radclifle Saunders, Esq.
B. T.}. [P.].
1. Egypt, 2nd Feb. (/. H. Cochrane}. Seebohm Coll.
1. Egypt, 25th Feb. (J. H. C.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. %ypt, llth March (J. H. C.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Giza, Egypt, 20th March (J. H. Seebohm Coll.
C.}.
4. Giza, 2nd April (E. C. 7".). E. Cavendish Taylor Bequest.
2. Second Pyramid, 21st March (E. E. Cavendish Taylor Bequest.
a T.).
3. Ombos, 6th March (E. C. T.}. E. Cavendish Taylor Bequest.
Corvus principalis, Ridgw.
Corvus carnivorus, Bartram\ Blakiston, Ibis, 1862, p. 7.
Corvus corax var. carnivorus, Baird, Brewer Sf liidyway, North American
Birds, ii. p. 234 (1874).
Corvus corax principalis, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 400,
pi. iv. tig. 3 (1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. iii. p. 259
(1904).
Corvus principalis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 592 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 358 (1910).
Eggs of the North American Haven do not differ from those of
C. corax.
2. Greenland, 28th April (Milller}. Crowley Bequest.
2. Greenland. Governor Holboll [C.].
2. Greenland. Governor Holboll [C.j.
1. Disko, Greenland. McCormick Bequest.
4. Christiansb aab, Greenland, 5th Seebohm Coll.
April (E. Feneker : Haryitt
Coll.}.
1. Fort Yukon, Alaska, March (J. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Lockhart : Smiths. Inst.}.
1. Carlton, N. America, 28th April Salvin-Godman Coll.
(T. W. Blakiston}.
Corvus cryptoleucus, Coucli.
(1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. iii. p. 265 (1904) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 593 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358
(1910).
Eggs of the American White-necked Raven are similar to those
of C. corax", but smaller. They vary from 1/58 to 1'72 in length,
and from 1/12 to 1*17 in breadth.
1. North America (Smiths. List.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
7. North America (Field Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
400 CORVID^.
Corvns coronoides, Vig. $• Horsf.
Sharpe, Hand-l v. p. 593 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358
(1910).
Corone australis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 37 (1877) ; North,
Nests fy Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 187, pi. vii. fig. 7 (1889) ; Campbell,
Nests # Egos Austr. Birds, i. p. 55 (1901); North, Nests $ Eggs
Birds Austr. i. p. 5 (1901).
Eggs of the Australian Raven, or White-eyed Crow, do not
appear to differ from those of C. corax. They measure from
1-6 to 1-92 in length, and from 1-1 to 1-25 in breadth.
The eggs are generally considerably larger than those of C. cecilce
and often more heavily marked.
4. South Australia (Field Coll.). W. Radclitfe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
"2. South Australia. Old Collection.
3. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Burra-burra, South Australia, E. S. Moulden, Esq. [P.].
8th July.
2. Wimmera, Victoria, 20th Novem- W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
ber (8. French). [P.].
3. Wimmera, 7th September (A. J. Crowley Bequest.
North).
4. Lachlan River, Victoria (E. P. Crowley Bequest.
Ramsay).
4. W^erribee Plains, Victoria. Miss A. Chirnside [E.].
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq. [P.].
2. New South Wales. Crowley Bequest.
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
Corvus cecilae, Mathews.
Corvus australis, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 475 (1865) [part.].
Corvus coronoides, Ramsay, Ibis, 1865, p. 303 [part.]; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. iii. p. 20 (1877) [part.] ; North, Nests $ Eggs Birds
Austr. i. p. 186, pi. vii. fig. 8 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs
Austr. Birds, i. p. 54 (1901) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Birds Austr. i.
p. 1 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 593 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 358 (1910).
Corvus coronoides cecilae, Mathews, Nov. Zool. xviii. p. 442 (1912).
Corvus cecilse, Ogilvie- Grant, Bull. B. O. C. xxix. p. 74 (1912).
The eggs of the Australian or Brown-eyed Crow resemble many
of the eggs of C. corax, but are generally smaller. They vary
from 1'42 to 1*7 in length, and from 1-02 to 1*18 in breadth.
3. Bourke, New South Wales, llth Crowley Bequest.
Sept. (A. J. North).
4. Merungle, New South Wales, Crowley Bequest.
18th Oct. (A. J. N.).
CORVTJS.
461
5. Dawson Hirer, Queensland, 28th
Sept. (A. J. A'.).
2. North Australia (Field Coll.}.
1. Ft. Cloates, N.W. Australia,
27th March.
2. Pt. Clcates, 18th June.
4. Pt. Cloates, 28th June.
1 . Pt. Cloates, 12th July.
1, Pt. Cloates, 1st August.
2. Pt. Cloates, 3rd August.
1. Pt. Cloates, 8th August.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
T. Carter, Esq.
T. Carter, Esq.
T. Carter, Esq.
T. Carter, Esq.
T. Carter, Esq.
T. Carter, Esq.
Corvus inacrorhynchus, Wagl.
Corvus culminatus, Layard, Ann. Mag. N. H. 2nd ser. xiii. p. 213
(1854) ; Beavan, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 376 ; Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M.
iii. p. 20 (1877;.
Corone macrorhyncha, Sharpe, torn. cit. p. 38 5 Legge, Birds Ceylon,
p. 346 (1879).
Corone levaillanti, Sharpe, torn. cit. iii. p. 39.
Corvus macrorhynchus, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 17 (1889) ;
Oates, ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eqqs Ind. Birds, i. p. 4 (1 889) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 593 (190VJ) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358 (1910).
The eggs of the Indian Jungle-Crow are not separable from those
of C. comix and C. corone. They measure from 1/5 to 1'8(5 in
length, and from T09 to 1/2 in, breadth.
1. India.
3. Sind.
3. Agrore Valley, 30th April.
5. Bursahir, Himalaya, 30th March.
1. Bursahir, 3rd April.
1. Kotghar, Himalaya, 3rd April.
5. Kotghar, 10th May.
1. Kotghar, 12th May.
4. Kotghar, 16th May.
2. Lahore, 17th March.
2. Bareilly, N.W. Provs., 10th May.
2. Lucknow, 24th March.
4. Etawah, llth March.
8. Allahabad.
1. Mirzapur, 1st April ( W. E.
Brooks: Tristram Coll.}.
4. Sikhim Terai, 16th March.
4. Sikhim Terai, 30th March.
2. Maunbhoom (R. C. Beavan).
5. Belgaum, April (E. A. Butler}.
2. Mandvva, Central Prov., 1st April.
1. Beerachalee, Central Prov., May
(R. C. B. : Tristram Coll.).
1. Mysore, 6tii May.
1. Nilghiri Hills, June.
2. Kotagherry, Nilghiri Hills, 27th
Feb. (Miss Cockburn).
Old Collection.
Gould Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Hume Cell.
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Fsq.
[P.I
Crowley Bequest,
Crowley Bequest,
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
462 CORVID2E.
1. Kotagherry, 13th March (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockburri).
3. Kotagherry, 13th March (Miss Hume Coll.
Cockbum).
1. Ceylon (E. L. Laijard). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Ceylon. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
4. Lunugalla, Ceylon, March (A. L. Crowley Bequest.
Butler).
3. Pegu, 27th Jan. (E. W. Gates}. Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 2nd Feb. (E W. O.}. Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 16th Feb. (E. W. O.). Gates Coll.
1. Pegu, 16th March (E. W. O.). Gates Coll.
2. Pegu, 17th March (E. W. O.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Chin-kiang, E. China. 24th April. J. D. La Touche, Esq. rC.J.
5. Chin-kiang, 24th April. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.J.
3. Chin-kiang, 15th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [Q.t
4. Ishigaki I., S. Loochoo Group, W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
28th April. [P.].
Corvus japonensis, Bonap.
Corone japonensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B, M. iii. p. 41 (1877).
Corvus macrorhynchos japonensis, Hartert, Voy. pal. Faun. i. p. 12
(1902).
Corvus japonensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 594 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 358 (1910).
Eggs of the Japanese Crow are similar to those of C. corax.
They vary in length from T7 to 1'78, and in breadth from
1-28 to 1-3.
2. Gotemba, Hondo, Japan, 26th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
April. [P.].
3. Sagami, Tokaido, S, Hondo, 16th W. liadclitfb Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
Corvus philippinus, Bonap.
(Plate XXI. tigs. 9 & 10.)
Corone philippina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 42 (1877) ; McGregor,
Man. Philipp. B. ii. p. 722 (1909).
Corvus philippinus, Ogilvie-Grant $ Whitehead, Ibis, 1898, p. 234;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 594 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 358
(1910).
Five eggs of the Philippine Crow are of a broad oval shape,
slightly compressed at the smaller end, and distinctly glossy.
In three specimens from Marinduque the ground is greenish-
white, densely and uniformly mottled and spotted all over with
umber-brown. In the other two the ground is pale bluish-
white, one being mottled all over with pale umber-brown, while the
other is almost devoid of markings except towards the smaller end,
CORVUS. 4G3
where it is spotted with umber-brown and lilac-grey. They
measure respectively: 1-5 by 1-1; J -59 by I'll; l'Q'2 by 1-14;
1-66 by 1-12; 1-68 by 1-13.
2. Philippine Is., May (E. L. Moseley}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Marinduque, Philippine Is. Steere Coll.
Corvus pusillus, Tweedd.
(Plate XXI. fig. 2.)
C'orvus pusillus, Tweedd. P. Z. S. 1878, p. 622 ; O</ilvie- Grant $ White-
head, Ibis, 1898, p. 234, pi. vi. fisr. 5; McGregor, Man. Philipn. B.
ii. p. 723 (1909) ; Sharps, Hand I. v. p. 595 (1909).
An egg of the Small Philippine Crow is of an ovate shape,
slightly rounded at the smaller end. The ground is greenish-
white, minutely spotted and marked all over the surface with
umber-brown, yellowish-brown, and pale lavender. It measures
1-48 by 1-03.
The specimen here described was taken by Steere from the
oviduct of a female example of 0. pusillus.
1. Mindoro, Philippine Is., June. J. B. Steere, Esq. [C.].
Corvus torquatus, Linn.
Corvus torquatus, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1867, p. 411 ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M.
iii. p. 21 (1877) ; La Touche, Ibis, 1892, p. 430 ; Sharpe, Hand-L v.
p. 596 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358 (1910).
Most of the eggs of the Chinese Parson-Crow are inseparable
from those of C. corax, and display great variety in colour and
markings ; but certain types, with the pale green ground-colour
almost or entirely obscured by the confluent dark olive-brown
markings, resemble those of C. comix described below. They vary
in size from 1-52 to 1-89 in length, and from 1-06 to 1-25 in
breadth.
2. Arnoy, China (R. Swinhoe). Seebohm Coll.
1. Foochow, China, Jan. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
4. Foochow, 26th Jan. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
3. Foochow, 8th Feb. C. B. Rickett, Esq. IP.
5. Foochow, 21st Feb. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
3. Foochow, 23rd Feb. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
3. Foochow, 24th Feb. . C. B. Rickett, Esq. IT.
3. Foochow, 28th Feb. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
4. Foochow, 5th March. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
3. Foochow, 11 th March. C, B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
2. Foochow, llth March. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
2. Foochow, 28th March, C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.
464 CORVJD55.
Corvus scapulatus, Daud.
Corvus scapulatus, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vog. tab. xxxix. fig. 3, a-c
(1845-54) ; Sharpe, ed. Layard, Birds 8. Africa, p. 416 (1875-84) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 22 (1877) ; Cowan, Proc. R. Phys. Sue.
Edinb. vii. p. 149 (1882) ; Milne-Edwards $ Grandidier, Hist. Nat.
Maaag., Ois. p. 444, pi. 304. fig. 6 (1885) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 13 (1899), p. 358 (1910); Stark, Fauna S. Afr., Birds, i. p. 12
(1900); lieich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 634 (1903), Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 596 (1909).
Corvus albus, Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 144 (1906).
The eggs of the White-bellied Crow resemble those of C. corax
and 0. cornix, but are, as a rule, like those of the Common Indian
House-Crow (C. splendens) described below, less boldly marked,
with the ground-colour bluer and brighter. Specimens measure
from 1/5 to 1'77 in length, and from 1/1 to 1/22 in breadth.
2. Fashoda, White Nile, 8th April. R. McD. Hawker, Esq. [P.].
1. Potchefstroom, Transvaal, Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(T. Ay res: Tristram Coll.}.
2. S. Africa. Gould Coll.
1. S. Africa. E. L. Layard, Esq. [P.].
1. Cape Colony (E. L. Layard: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
1. Madagascar. Crowley Bequest.
9. Betsileo, Madagascar. Rev. W. Deans Cowan [P.].
1. Marosiky, E. Madagascar, 10th Crowley Bequest.
Nov. ( W. D. C.}.
Corvus comix, Linn.
Corvus cornix, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vog. tab. xl. tig. 1, a-g (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 34. fig. 2 (1855-63) ; Heioitson, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, i. p. 224, pi. Iviii. fig. ii (1856) ; Shelley, Birds
Egypt, p. 159 (1872); Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 543 (1874);
Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 328 ; id., Brit. Birds, i. p. 544, pi. 16 (1883) ;
Whitehead, Ibis. 1885, p. 38; Seebohm, Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 225,
pi. 55. fig. 5 (1896); Newton, Ootheea Wotteyana, pt. ii. p. 506
(1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, i. p. 421 (1902) ; Rey, Eier Vog.
Mitteleurop. i. p. 360 (1904), pi. 50. figs. 1-7 (1900) ; Jourd. Eggs
Ei<rop. Birds, i. p. 5, pi. ii. figs. 1-7 (1906) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds
Europe, pts. xiii. & xiv. p. 432, and pts. xi. & xii. pi. 2. tigs. 1-6
(1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 596 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 358(1910).
Corone cornix, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 31 (1877).
Corvus cornix cornix, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 9 (1903).
The eggs of the Hooded Crow resemble those of C. corax so
closely as to require no separate description. Some specimens,
however, are greenish-blue, almost spotless, and precisely similar eggs
are not to be found among those of C, cor ax in the Collection. They
vary from 1/5 to 1/8 in length, and from 1/1 to 1*28 in breadth.
3. Faroe Islands (H. C. Milller : Seebohm Coll.
Hargitt Coll}.
4. Faroe Islands (//. C. M.: Ear- Seebohm Coll.
gitt Coll.}.
463
Faroe Islands (//. C. .17.: //«;•-
tjitt Coll.}.
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Har-
gitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands (H. C. M.: Har-
gitt Coll.}.
Faroe Islands (H. C. M. : Har-
gitt Coll,}.
Faroe Islands, 10th May (//. C.
M. : Hargitt Coll.}. "
Faroe Island's, 10th May (H. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 12th May (H. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 12th May (H. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 14th May (//. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.). "
Faroe Islands, loth May (II. C.
M. : Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 15th May (H. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll).
Faroe Islands, 20th May (H. C.
M.: Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 24th May (H. C.
M. : Hargitt Coll.).
Faroe Islands, 24th May (//. C.
M. : Hargitt Coll.).
Shetland Is. (Johnson).
Bressay, Shetland Is., 20th May.
Hebrides, 30th May (R. W. Cal-
rert).
Uist, Hebrides, 22nd April.
Uist.
Sutherlandshire, 12th May (J. A.
Harvie- Brown : Hargitt Coll.).
Ross-shire, 2nd May (Hargitt
Coll.}.
Balmacara, Ross-shire (Hargitt
Coll.}.
Balmacara, 29th April (Hargitt
Coll.).
Glen Shiel, Ross-shire (Hargitt
Coll.).
Loch Luichart, Ross-shire, 7th
May (Hargitt. Coll.}.
Loch Luichart, 20th April (7/ar-
gitt Coll.).
Dorisduan, Loch Alsh, Ross-
shire, 23rd April (Hargitt Coll.).
Dorisduan, 7th June (Hargitt
Coll.}.
Dorisduan, 7th June (Har</itt
Coll.).
Corrie, Ross-shire (Hargitt Coll.).
VOL. v.
Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[PA
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.]:
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
466
CORVIDJE.
f>. Corrie (Hargitt Coll}.
6. Knockie, Inverness-shire (Har-
gitt Coll.}.
3. Knockie, 15th April (Hargitt
Coll.}.
4. I. of Islay, Hebrides (H. Saunders} .
3. I. of Arran, May (Martin
Barry}.
1. Rathlin Island, Ireland, April.
6. Co. Waterford, 8th April (.R. J.
Ussher}.
5. Co. Waterford, 9th April ( R. J. U}.
4. Co. Waterford, 1 Oth April (R. J. U. } .
4. Co. Waterford, 26th April (R.J.U.).
4. Co. Waterford, 1st to 6th May (R.
J. U.}.
4. Lapland (R. Duff}.
2. Norway, April.
3 . Bodo, N. N orway ( Tristram Coll.}.
1. Christiansund, Norway, May.
3. Christiansund, May.
4. Smolen Islands, Norway, May.
3. Skarrholmen, Norway, 28th May.
4. Dorpat, Baltic Provs., April (Rus-
soio).
5. Pomerauia (T. Holland}.
3. Pomerania (T. H.}.
4. Spandau, Brandenburg, April.
3. South Spain, 17th May (with one
egg of Coccystes gland arius).
4. Szigetcsep, liungary, 4th May
(W.R. S.},
4. Egypt (G. E. Shelley}.
4. Cairo, March.
5. Abnormal eggs.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Crowley Bequest,
Salvin-Godman Coll,
Crowley Bequest.
B. Hanson [P.].
B. Hanson [P.].
A. Rosbach, Esq. [P.~|.
Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
E. Cavendish Taylor Bequest.
W. Radclitf'e Saunders, Esq.
Corvus sardonius, Kleinschm.
Corvus sardonius, Kleinschm. Orn. Monatsb. xi. p. 92 (1903) ; Sharpe -,
Hand-l. v. p. 596 (1909).
Corvus comix sardonius, Hartert, Vog, pal. Faun. i. p. 10 (1903) ;
Jourdain, Ibis, 1911, p. 196.
Eggs of the Sardinian Hooded Crow are indistinguishable from
those of C. corni.v.
4. Corsica, 28th April.
J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Corvus sharpii, Oates.
Corvus sharpii, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 20 (1889) ; Sharpe.
Hand-l. v. p. 597 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358 (1910).
Corvus comix sharpii, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 10 ( 1903) ; Witherbu.
Ibis, 1907, p. 105 ; 1912, p. 515.
co u v us. 467
Eggs of the Siberian Hooded Crow are indistinguishable from
those of C. comix.
1. Yenesei R., Lat 66^° N., 21st May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm}.
4. Mai Amir, South Persia, 6500 ft., Col. A. C. Baihvard [P.].
loth April (R. li. }\'<>omam).
Corvus capellanus, Sclater.
Corone capellana, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 32 (1877) ', id., Ibis,
1886, p. 477.
Corvus capellanus, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 20 (1889); Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 597 (1909) ; Nehik. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 358 (1910).
Corvus comix capellanus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 11 (1903) ;
Jourdain, Eggs Ettrop. Birds, i. p. 8 (1906).
The eggs of the Persian Hooded Crow very closely resemble
those of C. comix. They measure from 1/6 to 1/8 in length, and
from 1/1 to 1/ln in breadth.
5. Fao, Persian Gulf. W. D. Cnmming, Esq. [P.].
5. Fao, 26th Feb. W. 1). Gumming, Esq. [P.I.
4. Fao, 27th March. W. D. Oumining, Esq. [P.].
Corvus cor one, Linn.
(Plate XXI. fig. 8.)
Corvus corone, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Vb'g. tab. xl. fig. 1, a-g (1845-54) ;
Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vdy. tab. 34. fig. 1 (1855-63) ; Hevritvm, Eggs
of Brit. Birds, i. p. 222,' pi. Iviii. fig. i (1856); Saunders, Ibis, 1871,
p. 221 ; Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 531 (1875) ; Seebohm, Brit.
Birds, i. p. 539, pi. 16 (1883) : id., Eggs of Brit. Birds, p. 224,
pi. 55. fiffs. 10 & 12 (1896) ; 'Newton', Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii.
p. 506 (11)02); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 421 (1902); Hey,
Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 358 (1904), pi. 51. figs. 1-10 (1900) ;
Jourd. Eggs Eur op. Birds, i. p. 8, pi. 3. figs. 1-10 (1906) ; Dresser
Eggs Birds Eur op. pts. xiii. £ xiv. p. 430, and pts. xi. & xii. pi. 4,
figs. 7-12 (1908); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 597 (1909); Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 358 (1910).
Corone corone, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 36 (1877).
Corvus corone coroue, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 11 (1903).
The eggs of the Carrion Crow are not separable by any character
from those of the C. comix.
4. Lanarkshire, 19th April (/. Hark- W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
ness) [P.].
3. Castle Eden, Durham ( Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Castle Eden, April (H. B. Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram).
4. York, 16th April (F. Potter). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq
[P.l.
7. Near York (Hargitt Coll.). Seebohm Coll.
4f,8
4. Near York (Hargitt Coll.}.
4. Cumberland (A. W. Johnson}.
4. Stanmore, Middlesex, 20th April.
4. Preston, Middlesex,
(H. Booth}.
5. Alton, Hants.
5. Alton.
5. Alton, May.
3. Kingsbury, Somersetshire, ]8th
April (H. Saunders}.
4. Haddenham, Bucks, 23rd May.
3. Ducks worth Wood, Finchley.
3. Finchley (O. Salvin).
6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 21st May
(H. Seebohm}.
3. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.}.
3. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.}.
4. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.).
4. Valkenswaard, 21st May (IT. S.}.
3. Valkenswaard, 21st May (H. S.).
3. Brunswick, 25th April (A. Nehr-
korn).
4. Hessen, 15th May.
]. Mark Brandenburg-, 10th April.
4. Alora, Malaga, Spain, April (H.
Sounders) .
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
17th April W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Thomas Parkin, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Corvus or lent alls, Eversm.
Corvus orientalis, Eversm. Add. Pall. Zoogr. fasc. ii. p. 7 (1841) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 597 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Corvus corone orientalis, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 12 (1903).
Corvus corone, Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, \. p. 16 (1889) ; Ontes,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 4 (1889) ; Whitehead, J.
Bomb. N. H. Soc. xx. p. 176 (1910).
Eggs of the Eastern Carrion Crow do not differ from those of
C. corone.
1 . Kashmir, 30th May ( W. E. Brooks} .
5. Kurram Valley, 5800 ft., N.W.
India, 19th April.
4. Hay arna, Hondo, Japan, 25th A pril.
Hume Coll.
Capt. C. II. T. Whitehead
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.l.
Corvus caurinus, Baird.
Corone caurina, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 36 (1877).
Corvus caurinus, Lord, Pr. R, A. List. Woolwich, iv. p. 339 (1865);
Bendire, Life-Hut. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 414, pi. iv. tig. 15 (1895) ;
Boicles, Condor, ii. p. 84 (1900) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 597 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 359 (1910).
Corvus americanus caurinus, Ridyir. Birds Norfh $ Middle Amer. iii.
p. 272 (1904).
coitvis. 4<>(J
Five eggs of the North- west Crow are similar to those of C. corone
but smaller. They measure respectively: 1*63 by 1*12; 1'63 by
1-11 ; 1-62 by 1-17 ; 1'6 by M6 ; 1-58 by 1-12.
3. British Columbia. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.].
2. Idaho, U.S.A. Crowley Bequest.
Corvus ossifragus, Wilson.
Coloeus ossifragus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 29 (1877).
Corvus ossifragus, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 415, pi. iv.
tigs. 16, 17 (1895) ; Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. iii. p. 273
(1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 597 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 359 (1910).
Eggs of the Fish-Crow resemble those of C. corone, but are
smaller. They vary in length from. 1'55 to 1'59, and in breadth
from 1-04 to Ml.
1. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
5. Hog Island, Virginia, 22nd May Princeton University, N.J.
( W. E. D. Scott). [E.].
1. Georgia (T. M. Brewer). Crowfey Bequest.
Corvus splendens, VieiU.
Corvus splendens, Layard, Ann. Mag. N. H. 2nd ser. xiii. p. 214 (1854) ;
Beavan, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 376; Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.
p. 20 (1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 8
(1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 597 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 359 (1910).
Corone splendens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 33 (1877) ; Legge,
Birds Ceylon, ii. p. 349 (1879).
Eggs of the Indian House-Crow resemble those of C. cora.v,
C. comix, and C. macrorhynchus, and can only be separated from
them by their smaller size. Generally, however, the markings
are less bold and the ground-colour is bluer and brighter than in
the eggs of the above-mentioned birds. They measure from 1*2 to
1-65 in length, and from "96 to 1*15 in breadth.
1. India. Crowley Bequest.
7. Sind. Gould Coll.
3. Sambhur, Rajputana, 28th June Hume Coll.
(JR. M. Adam).
2. Sambhur, 12th July (R. M. A.). Hume Coll.
2. Delhi, 4th June (C. T. Bing- Hume Coll.
ham}.
1. Delhi, 12th June (C. T. B.). Hume Coll.
1. Agra, 19th June. \V. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Agra, 21st June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Agra, 16th June. Hume Coll.
1. Agra, 17th .Tune. Hume Coll.
o. Agra, 18th June. Hume Coll.
470
COKV1D.E.
(58.
63.
"2
1.
2.
1.
3.
1.
1.
2.
3.
1,
1.
2.
2!
5.
2
£
3.
2.
1.
2.
1.
1.
16.
3.
3.
1.
2
3.
6.
2.
i!
Agra, 19th June.
Agra, 21st June.
Agra, 22nd June.
Agra, 24th July.
Agra, 27th July.
Agra, July.
Bareilly, 4th June.
Bareilly, 6th June.
Bareilly, 9th June.
Bareilly, 10th Juue.
Bareilly, 12th June.
Bareilly, 13th June.
Bareilly, 14th June.
Bareilly, 15th June.
Bareillv, 16th June.
Bareilly, 19th June.
Bareilly, 19th June.
Bareilly, 20th June.
Bareilly, 22nd June.
Bareilly, 23rd June.
Bareilly, 24th June.
Oudh terai, 28th April.
Oudh Terai, 15th May.
Jhansi, 13th June.
Allahabad.
Allahabad, 18th June.
Allahabad, 10th July.
Allahabad, 22nd July.
Mirzapur, 18th June ( W. E.
Brooks: Tristram Coll.}.
Bengal ( W. Theobald: Tristram
Coll.}.
Monghyr.
Barrackpur (R. C. Beavari).
Ceylon (E. L. Layard}.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Prof. Oldham [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Corvus insolens, Hume.
Corone insolens, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 34 (1877).
Corvus insolens, Oates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 21 (1889) ; Oates,
ed. Hume, Nests 8f Eyas Ind. Birds, i. p. 12 (1839) ; Sharpe, Hcmd-l.
v. p. 598 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Eggs of the Burmese House-Crow require no separate descrip-
tion. They are not distinguishable from the eggs of C. splendens.
1. Aky ab. Arakan, 22nd March (E. R.
Shopland).
1. Pegu, 1st March (E. W. Oates).
2. Pegu, 15th March (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, 27th March (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, 27th March (E. W. O.).
1. Pegu, 31st March (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, 4th April (E. W. O.}.
1. Pegu, 10th April (E. W. O.}.
2. Pegu, 15th April (E. W. O.).
7. Tavoy, 12th March ( W. Davison}.
W. Eadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Oates Coll.
Hume Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Oates Coll.
Hume Coll.
Oates Coll.
Hume Coll
CORVUS. 471
Corvus brachyrhynchus, Brclim.
Corvus bvachyrhynchos, Brehm, Beitr. zur Vo'yelkunde, ii. p. 56 (1822).
Corvus americanus, Blakiston, Ibis, 1862, p. 7 ; Baird, Brewer fy ltid</ic.
N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 243 (1874); Reid, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.
no. 25, p. 204 (1884); Bishop, Auk, 1889, p. 147; MacFarlane,
P. U. S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 439 (1891) ; Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer.
Birds, ii. p. 405, pi. iv. tigs. 8-12, pi. v. tigs. 21 & 22 (1895).
Corone americaua, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p.. 34 (1877).
Corvus americanos americanus, Ridyiu. Birds North $• Middle Amer. iii.
p. 267 (1904).
Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrliynchos, Ridyw. t. c. p. 746.
COITUS brachyrhynelius, Sharpe, "Hand-l. \. p. 598 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
The eggs of the Common American Crow are of the same
character as those of C. corax and 0. comix. Examples measure
from 1*54 to 1*85 in length, and from 1-09 to 1-19 in breadth.
3. N. America (I). G. Elliot: Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.}.
3. Saskatchewan (Field Col/.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Saskatchewan. 7th May (Field Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1. Saskatchewan. Mons. Bourgeau [C.].
1. Carlton, Cauada, 25th May (T. W, Salvin-Goduiau Coll.
Blakiston).
2. Lake Winnipeg. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Massachusetts. Salviu-Godman Coll.
1. New York, 16th April. AV. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Ithaca, New York, 20th April. Princeton University, N.J.
[E.J
3. Ithaca, 20th April. Princeton University, N.J.
[E.].
4. Princeton, New Jersey, 22nd April Princeton University, N.J.
(W.E.D. Scott). [E.J.
5. Fulton, Illinois, 5th April ( W. S. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Strode). [P.].
3. Bermuda, 27th April, Capt. Sa?ile G. Reid [C.].
Corvus pascuus, Coues.
Corone floiidana, Baird', Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 35 (1877).
Corvus americanus floridanus, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 413, pi. iv. figs. 13, 14 (1895).
Corvus americanus pascuus, Ridyiv. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii.
p. 269 (1904).
Corvus brachyrhynchos pascuus, Ridgw. t. c. p. 746 (1904).
Corvus pascuus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 598 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 359 (1910).
Three eggs of the Florida Crow resemble those of C. brachy-
rhijnchus.
3. Tampa. Florida, 4th Mav. AY. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
472 cony ID M.
Corvus hesperis, Ridgw.
(Plate XXI. figs. 1 & 3.)
Corvus (americanus var.) cauriuus, Cooper (nee Baird) P. Cal. Acad. Sci.
vi. p. 19J (1876),
Corvus americanus, Bendire, Life- Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 405 (1895)
[part.] ; Cooke, Birds Colorado, p. 92 (1897).
Corvus americanus hesperis, Ridyw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer. iii.
p. 270 (1904).
Corvus brachyrhynchos hesperis, Ridyw. t. c. p. 746 (1904).
Corvus hesperis, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 598 (1909).
Four eggs of the Western Crow resemble those of C. brachy-
rhynchus.
4. San Diego, California, 1st May W. Radcliffe Saunders Ksq.
(D. P. Williams}. [P.].
Genus CORVULTUR, Lesson.
Corvultur albicollis (Lath.).
Corvultur albicollis, Thien. Fortpjlanz. yes. Vb'q. tab. xxxix. fig. 4, a, b
(1845-54); Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 24 (i877j; Sharpe,
ed. Layard, Birds S. Afr. p. 417 (1875-84; ; Stark, Fauna S. Afr.,
Birds, i. p. 10 (1900) ; Reich. Voy. Afr. ii. p. 640 (1903) ; Shelley,
Birds Afr. v. p. 134 (1906) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 599 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kut. Eiersamml. p. 359 (19iO).
An egg of the White- necked Raven is much like those of
C. corax. It is of a rather broad oval shape slightly constricted
towards the smaller end, and without gloss. The ground is pale
greenish-white, spotted all over and blotched about the broad end
with two shades of umber-brown. It measures '2'0'2 by 1'45.
1. Pondolund, S. Africa. Crovvley Bequest.
Genus COIAEUS, Kaup.
Colceus monedula (Linn.).
Corvus monedula, Thien. Fortpjlanz. ges. Voq. tab. xl. fig. 4, a-d
(1845-54) ; Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 28. fig. 4 (1855-63) ;
Hewitson, Egys of Brit. Birds, i. p. 232, pi. Ix. fig. ii (1856) ;
Dresner. 7?/iv/.« I?M«* TV r» K*>5? n«7A\. Xa^,,J,.,^ 7?-..^V li^.,!*
Dresser, Birds Eur. iv. p. 523 (1875) ; Seebohm, Brit. Birds, i.
& xiv. p. 429, pts. xi. & xii. pi. 2. figs. 1-2 (1908).
Monedula turrium, Loche, Expl. Sci. Alger., Ois. i. p. 114 (1867).
Colceus monedula, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 26 (1877) ; id., Hand-l.
v. p. 599 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Coloeus monedula monedula, Hartert, Vog. pal. Eaun. i. p. 15 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eygs Eur op. Birds, i. p. 16 (1906).
Cokeus monedula spermologus, Hartert, t. c. p. 16 (1903) ; Jourd. t. c.
p. 14, pi. v. figs. 7-14 (1906).
(•(>!,( FA'S.
473
Lycos monedula, &?>/, Itier J'oy. Miiteleurop. p. 363 (1904), pi. 47.
tigs. 7-U (1900).
Colceus spemiolog-us, JS/iarjw, Hand-l. v. p. 599 (1909).
The eggs of the Jackdaw vary from a narrow to a broad oval
shape and exhibit a considerable amount of gloss. The ground-
colour ranges from bluish-white to pale bluish-green and the eggs
are marked with dark greenish-brown, umber-brown or blackish-
brown and underlying lavender. The markings on some specimens
consist entirely of spots and specks ; in others of spots and bold
blotches. They are generally evenly distributed over the shell,
but in a small proportion they are somewhat more dense at the
broad end than elsewhere. Two examples in the Collection are
bluish-white, marked with merely a few blotches of pale lavender.
Specimens measure from 1*28 to 1*6 in length, and from *91 to 1'08
in breadth.
Dochfour, Inverness (Httryitt Seebohin Coll.
Coll.).
Cumberland (Hcysham}.
Sherwood Forest, Notts, 7th May
(//. S.).
Sherwood Forest (H, S.).
Sherwood Forest, 7th May (H. S.).
Sherwood Forest, 7th May (H. S.).
Sherwood Forest, 7th May (II. 8.).
Sherwood Forest, 17th May \H. 6'.).
Cambridge.
King's Chapel, Cambridge.
Holldiam, Norfolk, 25th May
(F. Bradford).
Taplow, Berkshire.
Churt, Surrey, May.
Middlesex.
Middlesex.
Middlesex.
Faversham, Kent, 24th May (//.
Booth).
Ashford, Kent, 16th May.
Frensham, Kent, May.
New Forest, Hants (H. Saun-
ders).
A viugton, Hants, 14th May (Hur-
yitt Coll.).
Avington, 14th May (Hart/lit
Coll.).
Bin-gate, Salisbury, April.
Burgate, May.
Burgate, May.
L ul worth, Dorset, May.
llatclitt'e Head, Dorset.
1. Sweden.
6. Pomerania (T. Holland).
5. Anderach. Rhenish Prussia, 12th
April (T. 11.).
Gould Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohin Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godiuan Coll.
W. Radclili'e Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Kadcliffe Sauuders, Esq.
IP-]- .
Crow ley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Col1.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
S. O. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
474 CORV1D.15.
Colceus collaris (Drwnmond).
Colceus collaris, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 27 (1877) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 600 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Corvus monedula, Oates (nee Linn.)) Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 22
(1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume. Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 12 (1889).
Corvus collaris, Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 503 (1902).
Coloaus monedula collaris, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 17 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 17 (1906).
Eggs of the East European Jackdaw are indistinguishable from
those of C. monedula.
2. Gera^h, beyond Jordan, 4th May Crowley Bequest.
(H. B. Tristram).
1 Erzerum, Armenia (Dresser Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
2. Kashmir. Prof. Oidharn [P.J.
6. Kashmir, 13th May ( W. Theobald) . II urne Coll .
1. Kashmir, 22nd J une. Hume Coll.
Colceus dauuricus (Pall.).
Colceus dauuricus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 28 (1877) ; Hartert,
Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 18 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 600 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Corvus dauuricus, Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 504 (1902) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, i. p. 419 (1902).
Eggs of the Daurian Jackdaw are similar to those of C. monedula.
1 . Siberia. Crowley Bequest.
4. Aumrland. Crowley Bequest.
4. China, 9th May. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.].
Genus RHINOCORAX, Sliarpe.
Rhinocorax affinis
Rhinocorax affinis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 46 (1877) ; id., Hand-l.
v. p. 600 (1909) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 639 (1903).
Corvus affinis, N. C. Rothschild $ Wollaston, Ibis, 1902, p. 13; Shelley,
B. Afr. v. p. 140 (1906) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xiii. &
xiv. p. 438, pts. xi. & xii. pi. 6. fig. 6 '(1908).
Eonr eggs of the Fan-tailed Eaven resemble those of Corvus corax.
Those obtained at Luxor are smaller and measure respectively :
1-7 by 1-13, and 1'7 by 1*12. Those from Jericho are larger,
measuring T98 by 1'24, and 1-9 by 1*28. The two eggs recorded
by Mr. Dresser, and taken by Dr. Koenig at Jericho, appear to be
intermediate in size, varying from 1/69 to l*8i in length, and from
1-16 to 1-26 in breadth.
2. Jericho, Palesline, 20th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
2. Luxor, Egypt, 31st March ( N. C.R. Hon. N. C. Rothschild &
&A.F. R.W.). A. F. R. Wollaston, Esq.
[P.].
M ICHOCOKAX. — MACKOCORAX. 475
Genus MICROCORAX, Sharpe.
Microcorax jamaicensis (Gmel.).
("orvus jamaicensis, de la Sayra. Hist. Cuba, p. 122 (1839), pi. xxxii.
fig. 23 (1855); llidtjw. Birds Korth $ Middle Amer. iii. p. 277
(1904).
Microcorax jamaicensis, Sharpe, Cat. B'rds B. M. iii. p. 48 (1877) ;
id., Iland-l. v. p. 601 (1009).
Eour eggs of the Jamaican Crow resemble those of Corvus comix.
They measure respectively: 173 by 1-23; 173 by 1-1 ; 1-05 by
1-12; and I'D' by M2.
4. Jamaica. Rev. Ikrham Zincke [P.].
Genus PHYSOCORAX,
Physocorax moneduloides, Less.
1'hysocorax moneduloides, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 50 (1877) ;
E. L. Layai-d, Ibis, 1880, p. 838; E. L. fy E. L. C. Layard, Ibis,
1882, p. 520; Jl 'iy/wr. Abh. Mm. Dresd. 1891, no. 6, p. 46 : Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 602 (1909) ; Nrhrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Two eggs of the New Caledonian Crow are much like those of
Trypanocorax fmgilegus in shape, colour, and markings. They are
fairly glossy and the ground is pale greenish-blue, spotted and
blotched all over with two shades of umber-brown and underlying
lavender. They measure 1/51 by 1-04, and 1-57 by 1-07.
2. Moindou, New Caledonia, 20th Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(E. L. Layard: Tristram Coll.).
Genus MACROCORAX, Sharj,e.
Macrocorax fuscicapillus (Gray).
Macrocorax fuscicapillus, 8/tarpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 51 (1877);
Salvad. Orn. Pap. ii. p. 488 (1881); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 602
(1909).
Two eggs, believed to be those of the Great-billed Crow, are
much like some eggs of Trypanocorax fruyileyus. They are of a
long pointed oval shape, almost pyriform, and without gloss. The
ground is pale greenish-white, heavily spotted at the broad end
and sparingly elsewhere with darker and lighter umber-brown and
underlying lavender-grey. They measure respectively : 1'81 by
1-25, and 176 by 1-28. "
These eggs, purchased at Stevens's Sale Rooms in 1862, were
sold as being those of Manucodia atra, which they certainly are not.
2. Mvsol. Old Collection.
476
CORVIDJE.
Genus NUCIFKAGA, Brisson.
Nucifraga caryocatactes (Linn.).
Corvus caryocatactes, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. pi. xli. fig. 4, a-c
(1845-54).
Nucifraga caryocatactes, Baedeker, J. f. O. 1856, p. 32, pi. 1 . fig. 1 ;
id., Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 50. fig. 14, tab. 76. fig. 4 (1855-63) ; Tristram,
Ibis, 1860, p. 168 ; Newton, Ibis, 1867, p. 162, pi. xv. fig. 2 ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 53 (1877) [part.] ; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. i.
p. 583, pi. 16. fig. 7 (1883) ; id., Eggs Brit. Birds, p. 229, pi. 55. fig. 6
(1896); Newton-, Ootheca WMeyana,^l.\\. p. 473 (1902); Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 409 (1902) [part.] ; Hey, Eier Vog. Mittel-
europ. i. p. 365 (1904), pi. 47. figs. 1-6 (1900) [part.] ; Jourd. Eygs
Europ. Birds, i. p. 21, pi. 5. figs. 1-2 (1906) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds
Europ. pts. xi. & xii. p. 418, pi. 1. figs. 9-12 (1908) [part.] ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. \. p. 603 (1909); Nehrk. Kut. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Nucifraga caryocatactes caryocatactes, Hartert. Vog. pal. Faun, i. p. 25
(1903).
Eggs of the Nutcracker are of a blunt oval form, often rather
pointed towards the smaller end, and slightly glossy. They are
pale greenish- white, and, as a rule, evenly marked all over the shell
with small spots and markings of umber-brown or yellowish-brown
and pale lilac-grey ; in some specimens, however, the markings are
more or less concentrated at the larger end. They vary in length
from 1-25 to 1-43. and in breadth from -95 to 1'02.
1. Sweden (H. W. Wheelwright: Crowley Bequest.
Tristram Coll.}.
3. Dauphins', France, 20th March. Crowley Bequest.
3. DauphinS, 19th March. Seebohm Coil.
1. Dauphine, 30th March. Seebohm Coll.
1. Switzerland (Bidwell Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
1. Styria, March. Seebohm Coll.
3. [Styria.] Seebohm Coll.
4. Serajevo, Bosnia, 27th March "W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
(O. Reiser). [P.].
4. Serajevo, 6th April (O. R.). W. Radclifle Saunders, Esq.
[P.]-
4. Serajevo, 8th April (O. #.). W. Eadclitfe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus PICA, Brisson.
Pica pica (Linn.).
Corvus pica, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xl. fig. 3, a-e (1845-54).
Pica caudata, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 28. fig. 1 (1855-63);
Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. i. p. 562, pi. 16. fig. 12 (1883) [part,];
id., Eggs Brit. Birds, p. 227, pi. 55. fig. 3 (1896).
Pica rustica, Newton, Ovtheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 496 (1902) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 417 (1902) ; id., Eggs Birds Europ. pts. xi. &
xii. p. 427, pi. 3. figs. 17-20 (1908).
Pica pica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 62 (1877) ; Rey: Eier Viig.
PICA.
477
Mit.l.rleurop. i. p. 373, pi. 52. iigs. 1-10 (1900) ; Jourd. E(jys Euro)).
Birds, i. p. 17, pi. 3. figs. 1-10 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 604
(1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 359 (1910).
Pica pica pica, Ilartert, V6y. pal. Faun. i. p. 19 (1903).
Eggs of the Common Magpie are generally of a regular oval
shape, but some specimens are more elongate and somewhat
compressed towards the smaller end. They are distinctly glossy.
The ground is almost invariably pale green or greenish-white,
occasionally pale bluish-white, and is usually marked all over the
shell with spots and small blotches of umber-brown, or dark brown
and pale lavender-grey. The markings vary a good deal in size,
being very small and numerous in some examples and larger and
fewer in others ; while in some they obscure the greater part of
the ground. In one rather peculiar clutch from Alton the ground
is of rather bright a olive-green, and the markings are mostly
concentrated at the larger end, forming a dark cap. The markings
are occasionally most numerous at the smaller end. They vary in
length from 1*22 to 1*47, and in breadth from -92 to 1-0.
4. Castle Eden, Durham, May (//.
B. Tristram).
7. Cumberland, 16th April.
3. Cambridge.
5. Madingley, Cambridgeshire, 19th
May (O.S.).
2. Colon, Cambridgeshire, llth May
(O. S.).
5. Middlesex (Porter).
5. Middlesex (Porter).
4. Finchley, Middlesex (O. S.).
6. New Forest, Hants, 24th April.
4. Alton, Hants, April (E. Andrews).
3. Alton, May (E. A.).
7. Dorsetshire, 29th March (R.
Wallis).
5. Penzance, Cornwall, 27th May
(H. Booth}.
5. Porsanarer Fiord, Norway, 19th
June (H. S.).
4. Christiansund, Norway, May (B.
Hanson).
2. Sweden.
5. Valkenswaard, Holland, 20th May
(H. S.).
4. Valkenswaard, 23rd May (H. S.).
3. Valkenswaard.
3. Po.nerania, 26th April ( T. Holland) .
7. Petchora, N. Russia, lat. 66°, 18th
May (H. S.).
5. Petchora, lat. 66°, 6th June (H. S.).
5. Parnassus, Greece, 12th May
(H. 6'. $ T. Kriiper).
Crowley Bequest.
W. R'idclifFe Saunders, Esq.
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salviu-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
W. Ra'dcliffe Saunders, Esq.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Seebohm Coll.
R. B. Sharpe, Esq. [P.].
S. 0. Sahlin, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
478
CORYIDJ3.
3. Parnassus, 12th May (H. S. &
T. jr.).
2. Parnassus, 12th May (H. S. $
T. K.}.
2. Parnassus, 12th May (H. S. fr
T. K.).
2. Parnassus, 12th May (H. S. Sc
T. K.).
4. Smyrna, 23rd April (T. K}.
5. Gavi Ruk, 8000 ft., nr. Ispahan,
S.W. Persia, 24th April (R.B.
Woosnam).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Col. A. S. Bail ward [P.],
Pica melanonota (BreJim).
Pica melanoleuca, Sounders, Ibis, 1871, p. 222.
Pica rustica, Irby, Orn. Gibralt. p. 82 (1895).
Pica pica melanotos, Hartert. Voq. pal. Faun. \. p. 21 (1903) j Jourd.
Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 19 (1906).
Pica melanonota, Sharpe, Hand-l \. p. 604 (1909).
Eggs of the Spanish Magpie do not differ from those of P. pica.
In one of the clutches of three eggs collected by Saunders, one egg
is slightly marked with very small dots, a second has the whole
of the pigment concentrated in a deep sooty-brown cap entirely
covering the smaller end of the shell, the third egg is normal but
rather lightly marked. They vary from 1-25 to 1-38 in length, and
from *9 to '9o in breadth.
2. South Spain, 27th April (with one
egg of Coccystes glandarius, see
vol. iii. p. 102).
2. Andalusia, South Spain, 1 st May
(with two eggs of C. glan-
darius) (H. Saunders}.
4. Andalusia, 3rd May (with two
eggs of C1. fflandarnts) (H. S.}.
3. Aranjuez, South Spain, 29th April
(with four eggs of C. y'an-
darius) (H. £.).
3. Aranjuez, 30th April (H. S.).
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Pica bactriana, Bonap.
Pica leucoptera, Gould, Birds Asia, v. pi. 55 (1850-83).
Pica kamtschatica, Stejn. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. ii. p. 97 (1884).
Pica pica bactriana, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 21 (1903).
Pica bactriana, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 604 (1909) j Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 359 (1910)
Eggs of the White-winged Magpie resemble those of P. pica.
They vary in length from 1'25 to 1'5, and in breadth from '94 to
•96.
6. Chaman, Afghanistan, 9th April
(H. E. Barnes),
Hume Coll.
1'K'A. 479
'2. Altai, 19th April. Crowley Bequest.
"2. Altai. Crowlev Bequest.
4. Altai. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Pica hudsonia (Sabine).
Pica hudsonica, Lord, Fr. R. A. List. Woolwich, iv. p. 330 (1865) :
H-'nt?ire, Lift'- II 1st. X. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 349, pi. iii. fig*. 11-13
(1895).
Pica pica hudsonia, Ridt/w. Birch North <$• Middle Amer. iii. p. 287
(1004).
Pica hudsonia, Sharpe, Haml-l. v. p. 605 (1000) ; NeJirk. Kat. Eiersamml
p. 359 (1910).
Eggs of the American Magpie resemble those of P. pica.
5. North America (Henshaw C<>11.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. North America (Smiths. List.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. British Columbia. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.].
4. Carson, Nevada, 22nd April (It. Crowley Bequest.
Ridgway: Tristram Coll.).
6. Love-hinds, Colorado, 30th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(E. Johnson). [P.].
Pica sericea, Gould.
Pica sericea, Gould, P. Z. S. 1845, p. 2 ; Sharps, Hand-l \. p. 605
(1909).
Pica pica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 62 (1877) [part.].
Pk-a caudata, David $ Oitstal. Ois. Chine, p. 373 (1877).
Pica pica sericea, Hartert, Voy. pal. Faun. i. p. 22 (1903).
Eggs of the Chinese form of the Magpie are indistinguishable
from those of P. pica.
1. Foochow, Foh-kien, 24th Feb. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
5. Foochow, March. C. B. Rickett, Esq. TP. |.
3. Foochow, 21st March. C. B. Rickett. Esq. [P. |.
6. Foochow, 26th March. C. B. Rickett', Esq. [P.].
1. Foochow, 1st April. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
1. Foochow, 2nd April. C. B. Rickptt, Esq. [P.I.
4. Foochow, June. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.].
2. Amov (K. Swinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
3. Amoy (R. S.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Amoy (.72. S.). Seebohm Coll.
4. Amoy (R. S.). Seebohm Coll.
5. Amoy (R. £). Seebohm Coll.
4. Japan, Oth Mav. W. Radclitie Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Pica mauritanica, Malherbe.
Pica mauritanica, Salvin, Ibis, 1859, p. 312; Loche, Expl. Sci. Alq&r.,
Ois. i. p. 118 (1867) ; Sharpe, Cat. Bird* B. M. iii. p. 66 (1877);
Koenig, J.f. O. 1892, p. 372; id., «/./. O. 1896, pi. vi. figs. 4 a, 4 b •
480 CORVTD^F.
L'rlanger, J. f. 0. 1899, p. 490 ; Newton, Ootheca WolJci/ana, pt. ii.
p. 498 (1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, \. p. 418 (1902) : Krichel-
dorff, Zeitschr.f. Ool. 1903, p. 10; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, ii. p. 11
(1905) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xi. & xii. p. 428 (1908) ;
Sharpe, Hand-L v.'p. 605 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 360
(1910).
Pica pica mauritanica, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 22 (1903) ; J?ey,
Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. \. p. 375 (1904).
Eggs of the Moorish Magpie resemble those of P. pica. They
vary in length from 1-2 to 1*5, and in breadth from '9 to -99.
4. Morocco. 3rd June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
4. Algeria, 25th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Algeria (Noun/}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Algeria (Noury). Seebohm Coll.
3. Ain Djendeli, Algeria, 20th May. Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. Ain Djendeli, 18th May. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1 . Ain Djendeli, 13th May (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
1 . Ain Diendeli, 30th May ( 7> istram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
2. Dzonarina, Algeria, 20th May Crowley Bequest.
(Tristram Coll.).
3. Madracen, Algeria, 6th June Crowley Bequest.
(Tristram Coll.).
Pica nuttalli (Aud.\
Pica nuttalli, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 66 (1877); Bendire, Life-
Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 355, pi. iii. fig. 14 (1895); Eidgw.
Birds North 8f Middle Amer. iii, p. 292 (1904) ; Sharpe, Hand-L v.
p. 605 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 360 (1910).
The eggs of the Yellow-billed Magpie resemble those of P, pica.
3. Los Angeles, California, May. W. TJadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
4. Los Angeles, May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Genus CYANOPOLIUS, Bonap.
Cyanopolius cyanus (Pall).
Cvanopica cyanus, Taczanoicski, J. /. O. 1872, p. 451 ; 1873. pi. ii.
fig. 19.
Cvauopoliua cynnus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 68 (1877) [part.] ;
id., Hand-L v. p. 605 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 360 (1910).
C\7anopica cvana, Newton, Ootheca WoUeuana, pt. ii. p. 495 (1902) ;
Dresser^ Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 416 (1902) [part.].
Cyar.opica cyanus cyanus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 23 (1903).
Cvanopica cyanea, Dubowski fy Parrex, J.f. O. 1868, p. 332; Rey, Eier
Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 378 (1904).
Eggs of the Eastern Blue Magpie are of a blunt oval shape and
CYANOPOLIUS. 481
somewhat glossy. The ground varies from pale olive-white to dull
olive-grey, marked, especially towards the broader end, with a
greater or less number of rather small spots of umber-brown and
underlying lavender-grey. They measure from I'Ol to 1-1 in length,
and from '78 to -80 in breadth.
2. N.E. Asia. Crowley Bequest.
1. Dauria, Siberia. Crowley Bequest.
1. Onon, Dauria, May (/?. Dybowski Crowley Bequest.
$• A. Parrex : Tristram Coll.).
1 . Amur. Crowley Bequest.
3. Laid in captivity. Zoological Society of London
[P.I
Cyanopolius japonicus, Parrot.
(Plate XXII. figs. 11 & 12.)
Cyauopica cyanus japonic*, Parrot, Oni. Monatsb. xiii. p. 26 (1905).
Cyanopolius japonicus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909).
Two eggs of the Japanese Blue Magpie resemble those of C. ci/anus
in having the ground pale greyish-olive, while in two others it
is greenish-white ; all four specimens are marked with small
spots and blotches of dark brown and lilac-grey. They measure
respectively : 1-4 by -8 ; 1-2 by -82; 1-2 by -83 ; M by -81.
2. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 30th W. Rodclifie Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
2. Fujiyama, 4th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Cyanopolius swinhoei, Hartert.
Cyanopolius cyanus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds JB. M. iii. p. 68 (1877) [part.].
Cyanopoliufl cyanus swinhoei, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 24 (1903).
Cyauopolius swinhoei, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909).
Eggs of the Chinese Blue Magpie do not differ from those of
C. cyanus.
3. China. J. Whitehead, Esq. fP.].
3. China. J. Whitehead, Esq. [P.].
1. Chin-Hang, Kiang-su, 20th May. C. B. Eickett, Esq. [P.].
Cyanopolius cooki (Bonap.).
Corvus cyaneus, Thien. (nee Pall.) Fort.pjlan-z. ges. Vog. tab. xli. fig. 8
(1845-54).
Cyauopica cooki, BaedeJter, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 50. fig. 15 (1855-63) ;
Lilford, Ibis, 1866, p. 382, pi. x. figs. 3-8; Irby, Orn. Sir.
Eyg* Birds Europe, pts. xi. & xii. p. 426, pi. 3. figs. 11-16 (1908).
VOL. V. 2 I
482
CORV1DJE.
Cyanopolius cooki, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 69 (1877) ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 360 (1910).
Cyanopica cyanus cooki, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 24 (1903).
Oyanopica cyana cooki, Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 20, pi. 41.
figs. 12-15 (1906).
Eggs of the Spanish Magpie do not differ from those of C. cyanus,
but in one clutch from Seville the ground-colour is pale greenish-
white.
Spain (E. C. T.).
Spain, May (H. E. Dresser: Har-
gitt Coil.}.
Madrid, Spain (H. Saunders).
Madrid, May (H. E. D.).
Madrid, May (H. E. D.}.
Madrid (H. S. : Tristram Coll.).
Madrid, May (Lord Lilford:
Tristram Coll.}.
South Spain.
South Spain, llth May.
E. Cavendish Taylor Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
6. South Spain, llth May.
. Ra
Seville (Ruiz).
Seville (Ruiz).
Seville, 18th March (Rim).
Seville, May (H. Saunders).
Seville, May (H. S.).
Seville, May (H. S.\
Seville, May (H. S.).
Seville, May (H. S.).
Seville, 15th May (H. S.).
Seville, llth June (H. S.).
Castile.
Barreiro, South of Lisbon, Portu-
gal, 20th May.
adcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.I
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Lord Lilford [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Clutches with one egg of Coccystes glandarius.
5. Barreiro, 20th May.
1. Malaga, S. Spain, 29th April.
3. Malaga, 2nd June.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus UROCISSA, Calanis.
Urocissa occipitalis (Blytti).
(Plate XXII. figs. 1 & 3.)
Urocissa occipitalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 70 (1877) ; Binghom,
Str. F. ix. p. 191 (1880); Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 26
(1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume, Nests fy Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 14 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 360
(1910).
UUOCISSA. 4S:f
Eggs of the Red-billed Blue Magpie are of a regular oval shape,
and almost devoid of gloss. The ground is pale buff or pale cream-
colour, marked all over the shell, but especially at the larger end,
with small spots and dots of umber-brown or reddish-brown and
underlying lilac-grey; there are also a few small blotches of the
latter colour, mostly about the larger end. They vary in length
from 1-22 to 1-35, and in breadth from -92 to *97.
:;. Mussoorie (T. Huttoti). Hume Coll.
2. Myawadi, Thoungyeen, Tenas- Hume Coll.
serim, 19th March ( C. T. Bing-
ham).
4. Meplay River, Tenasserim, 5th Hume Coll.
March (C. T. B.}.
3. Meplay River, 14th April ( C. T. Hume Coll.
B.).
Urocissa erythrorhyncha (Gmel.).
Urocissa erythrorhyncha, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 71 (1877) ;
id., Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 360 (1910).
Urocissa sinensis, David Sr Oustal. Ois. Chine, p. 375 (1877).
Eggs of the Chinese Red-billed Blue Magpie resemble those of
U. occipitalis described above, but vary much in the colour of
the ground and markings ; the former may be greenish-white,
pale olive, or olive-brown, and the latter vary from very small
close- set spots to rather large scattered spots of umber-brown and
lilac-grey.
3. China (R. Swinhoe : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
4. Pekin (It. &). Seebohm Coll.
2. Chin-kiang, Kiang-su, 12th June. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.I.
3. Kuatun, Foh-kien, 28th April. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.I.
2. Foochow, April. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.J.
4. Foochow, May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.J.
3. Foochow, May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. "
1. Foochow, 3rd May. C. B. Rickett, Esq.
4. Foochow, June. " C. B. Rickett, Esq.
2. Auiov (^. £\ Seebohm Coll.
Urocissa flavirostris (Blytli}.
Urocissa flavirostris, Cock Sf Marshall, Str. F. i. p. 357 (1873) ; Hume $
Marshall, Lahore to Yark. p. 242 (1873) ; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M.
iii. p. 72 (1877) ; Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 27(1889) ;
Oates, ed. Hume, Nests $ Egc/s Ind. Birds, i. p. 16 (1889) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 360 (1910).
Eggs of the Yellow-billed Blue Magpie do not differ from those
of U. occipitalis. One egg with a pale greyish-olive ground has
almost the whole of the markings concentrated in a dense zone
round the larger end ; another has the markings mostly at the
smaller end.
484 CORVID^E.
1. North India (Dr. Parker). Crowley Bequest.
1. Dharmsala, Punjab, ICth May Hume Coll.
(C. R. Cock].
1. Dharmsala, 20th May (C. R. C.). Hume Coll.
1. Kotg-arh, Punjab, May. Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 3rd May. Hume Coll.
4. Kotsarh, 4th May. Hume Coll.
1. Kotgarh, 19th May. Hume Coll.
Urocissa caerulea (Gould).
Urocissa caerulea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 74 (1877) ; Ogilrw-
Grant $ La Touche, Ibis, 1907, p. 159; Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 606
(1909).
An egg of the Formosan Blue Magpie does not differ from those
of U. occipitalis. It measures 1*29 by '95.
1 . Lakuli , Formosa, 22nd May (P. A. Seebohm Coll.
Hoist).
Urocissa whiteheadi, Ogilvie-Grant.
LJrocissa whiteheadi, Ogilvie-Grctnt, Bull. B. O. C. x. p. xviii (1899);
id., P. Z. S. 1900, p. 462; Sharp f, Hand-l. v. p. 606 (1909);
Hartert, Nov. Zool. xvii. p. 254, pi. vi. (1910).
Fggs of Whitehead's Magpie are of a regular oval shape and
almost devoid of gloss. The ground is pale blue or pale greenish-
blue, sparingly spotted or marked with short irregular lines and
dashes of light brown, with a few underlying spots and small
blotches of lilac-grey. They vary in length from 1*3 to 1'4, and
in breadth from -95 to -99.
6. Five Finger Mountains, Central J. Whitehead, Esq. [C.].
Hainan, April.
Genus DENDROCITTA, Gould.
Dendrocitta rufa (Scop.).
(Plate XXII. figs. 4-6.)
Dendrocitta rufa, Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 76 (1877); Gates,
Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 30 (1889); Gates, ed. Hume, Nests fy
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 19 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 607 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml, p. 360 (1910).
Eggs of the Indian Tree-Pie are of a regular oval shape and very
slightly glossy. The ground ranges from white or creamy-white
to pale greenish- and bluish-white or pale green, and, in one
remarkable clutch, to dull greyish-green. The markings are also
i> i:\nuocnTA.
485
very variable, and range from light chestnut and reddish-bro\vn to
yellowish-umber or dark umber-brown, while the underlying shell-
markings are grey or lilac-grey. In some clutches the markings
are rather faint and distributed all over the shell, but generally
more numerous towards the larger end ; in the majority, however,
the markings are more or less concentrated towards one end, usually
the larger, and in the more heavily spotted examples form a zone
or cap. The markings vary much in shape, in some eggs they take
the form of large irregular spots and small blotches, while in others
only small rounded spots are to be seen. They vary in length from
I'l to 1-2, and in breadth from '1'2 to -89.
2. [North- West Provinces.]
[North- Weat Provinces], 1st May
(Field Coll.).
Ilansi, Punjab, 21st April.
Ilansi, 3rd May ( W. Blewitt).
Ilansi, 14th May.
Ilansi, 26th May.
Ilansi, 4th J une.
Mussoorie (T. Hutton).
Bareilly, 8th May (A. O. Hume).
Hardily, 19th May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 22nd May (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 3rd June (A. O. H.).
Bareilly, 16th June (A. O. H.).
Agra, 9th Aug. (A. O. H.).
Lucknow, 8th May.
Lucknow, 15th May.
Lucknow, 17th May.
Lucknow, 21st May.
Allahabad, 9th July (C. T.
Bingham).
Mirzapur, 23rd May
Brooks).
Barrackpur (R. C. Beavan).
Sikhim Terai, India, 16th April.
Sikhim Terai, 2nd May.
Sikhim Terai, 8th May.
Sikhim Terai, 12th May.
Sikhim Terai, 13th May.
Sikhim Terai, 27th May.
Saugor, Central Provinces, 8th
July.
Saugor, 20th July.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
W. E. Crowley Bequest.
Salvin-Goduian Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Dendrocitta frontalis, McClell.
Dendrocitta frontalis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 78 (1877) ; Oates,
Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 33 (1889); Stuart Baker, Journ.
Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii. p. 166 (1893); id., Ibis, 1895, p. 41; id.,
Ibis, 1906, p. 85 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 607 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 360 (1910).
486
CORVIDJ5.
Eggs of the Black-browed Tree-Pie are of an oval shape and
very slightly glossy. They are very Shrike-like in appearance.
The ground is cream-colour, sometimes tinged with greenish, and
spotted and blotched with yellowish- or reddish-umber-brown and
lilac-grey, the markings being mostly concentrated in a heavy ring
or cap round the larger end. Six eggs vary in length from 1-06 to
1-16, and in breadth from -78 to '86.
Mr. Stuart Baker says that eggs of this species can nearly all be
matched with eggs of D. rufa or D. liimalayensis, but are on the
whole more richly marked.
3. Margherita, Assam, 31st May (E.
C. S. B.).
3. Dibrughur, Assam, 17th May (E.
C. S. B.}.
E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [C.].
E. C. Stuart Baker, Esq. [P.].
Dendrocitta liimalayensis (Blyth).
Dendrocitta himalayensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 79 (1877) ;
Oat.es, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 32 (1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume,
Nests $ Ef/gs Ind. Birds, i. p. 23 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 607
(1909) ; Nehrk. Knt. Eiersamml. p. 360 (1910).
Eggs of the Himalayan Tree-Pie resemble those of D. rufa and
D. frontalis.
1. [N.W. Provinces, India] (Nehrkorn
Coll.).
1. Mussoorie, N.W. Provinces (T.
Hutton}.
2. Sikhim (J. Gammie).
2. Sikhim, 7th May (J. G.).
3. Darjiling.
6. Darjiling (J. G.).
5. Darjiling (J. G.).
6. Darjiling (J. G.).
1. Darjiling (J, G.).
3. Native Sikhim, June (L. Man-
delli}.
3. Mungphoo, Darjiling, 15th May.
4. Mungphoo.
4. Mungphoo.
4. Mungphoo.
4. Mungphoo.
3. Mungphoo.
3. Mungphoo.
3. Mungpboo.
1. Dibrughur, Assam, 15th June
(J. R. Cripps).
3. North Cachar Hills, 14th May.
2. North Cachar Hills, 25th May.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Eiume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
Hume Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
DEXDROCITTA. — CRYPSIK1IINA. 487
Dendrocitta sinensis (Lath.}.
Dendrocitta sinensis, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1808, p. 02, 1870, p. 351 ; id., P. Z. 6'.
1871, p. 382; Sharps, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 81 (1877); id.y
Hand- 1. v. p. 608 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamuil. p. 300 (1910).
An egg of the Chinese Tree-Pie does not differ in any way from
eggs otD.frontalis described above.
1. Amoy, China (R. Stvinhoe). Seebohui Coll.
Dendrocitta cinerascens,
(Plate XXII. fig. 7.)
Dendrocitta cinerascens, Sharpe, Ibis, 1879, p. 250, 1889, p. 81 ; id.,
Hand-l. v. p. 008 (1909).
An egg of the Kina Balu Tree-Pie is much like that of Pica pica.
The ground is greenish- white, liuely spotted all over with two
shades of umber-brown and lilac-grey, the markings being, however,
chiefly concentrated round the larger end, where they form a dense
zone almost hiding the ground-colour. It measures 1'2 by '89.
1. Kina Balu, N. Borneo, 13th March Crowley Bequest.
{J. Whitehead) .
Genus CRYPSIRHINA, Vieill.
Crypsirhina varians (Lath.).
Crypsirhina varians, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 83 (1877) ; Oates,
Sir. F. v. p. 159 (1877) ; id., Birds Burmah, i. p. 401 (1883) ;
id., Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 35 (1889) j Oates, ed. Hume,
Nests Sf Egys Ind. Birds, i. p. 25 (1889) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 608
(1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 360, pi. i. tig. 3 (1910).
Eggs of the Black Racket-tailed Magpie are precisely like that of
Dendrocitta cinerascens described above, but are much smaller.
They vary in length from -88 to T09, and in breadth from -68 to
•75.
3. Pegu, 7th June (E. W. Oates). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 7th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
4. Pegu, 10th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
4. Pegu, 25th June (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 25th June (E: W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 4th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
2. Pegu, 6th July (E. W. O.). Hume Coll.
3. Pegu, 2nd June (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
1. Pegu, 12th July (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
2. Pegu, loth July (E. W. O.). Oates Coll.
488 COKVIDJE.
1. Pegu, 25th July (E. W. O. : Crowley Bequest.
Seebohm Coll.}.
1. Myitkyo, Pegu, 2nd June (E. W. Crowley Bequest.
O.).
Genus CISSA, Boie.
Cissa chinensis (Bodd.).
Cissa speciosa, Binffham, Sir. F. v. p. 85 (1877).
Cissa chinensis, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. iii. p. 85 (1877) ; Oates, Birds
Burmali, i. p. 406 (1883) ; id., Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 28
(1889) ; Oates, ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs 2nd. Birds, i. p. 17 (1889) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 008 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361
(1910).
Eggs of the Green Magpie are of a broad oval shape and distinctly
glossy. The ground is white or yellowish-white, uniformly freckled
all over the shell with yellowish- or reddish-brown and lavender.
In some specimens the markings are so small and numerous all over
the shell that they almost entirely hide the ground-colour, but in
the majority they are densest at the broader end, where they form a
cap or zone. They measure from I'll to 1*24 in length, and from
•9 to -91 in breadth.
3. Sikhim, 21st April (L. Mandelli). Hume Coll.
1. Sikhim, 28th April (L. M.). Hume Coll.
3. Thounoyeen R., Tenasserim, 8th Hume Coll.
April (C. T. Binyham).
3. Thoungyeen R., 10th April (C. Hume Coll.
T.B.).
3. Sinzaway, Teuasserim, 18th April Hume Coll.
(C. T. B.).
Genus CALOCITTA, Gray.
Calocitta colliei (Vigors).
(Plate XXII. fig. 10.)
Calocitta colliei, Lawr. Mem. Bost. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 284 (1874) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 89 (1877) : Salv. $ Godm. Biol. Centr.-
Amer., Aves, i. p. 507 (1887) ; Jouy^Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. xvi. p. 782
(1893); Ridffiv. Birds North 8f Middle Amer. iii. p. 294 (1904) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 610 (1909) ; NehrK. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361
(1910).
Three eggs of Collie's Magpie-Jay are of a regular oval shape,
somewhat compressed towards the smaller end, and distinctly
glossy. The ground is dull greyish-white, sparingly spotted all
over with dark vandyke-brown and more thickly with lighter and
PLA.TYSMTJRUS. GARRULUP. 489
darker lilac-grey. They measure respectively : 1'44 by 1*0 ; 1*42
by -99 ; and 1-39 by -(.>0.
2. Mazatlan, Sinaloa, W. Mexico Crowley Bequest.
(A. Forrer).
1. Mazatlan (A. F.). Crowley Bequest.
Genus PLATYSMURUS, llcichenb.
Platysmurus aterrimus (Temm.).
Platysmurus aterrimus, Sharps, Cat, Birds B. M. iii. p. 91 (1877) : id..
Hand-l. v. p. 610 (1909).
An egg of the Black Bornean Jay is of a broad oval shape and
apparently without gloss. The ground is white, finely spotted all
over, but especially towards the larger end where the markings form
a rather dense cap, with yellowish-brown and grey, the latter colour
greatly predominating.
1. Barani Dist., N. Borneo, 21st June. Dr. C. Hose [P.],
Genus GARRULUS, Brisson.
Garrulus glandarius (Linn.).
Corvus glandarius, Thien. Fortpflanz. yes. Vog. tab. xli. figs. 6, a-f
(1845-54).
Garrulus glandarius, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Vog. tab. 50. fig. 17 (1855-63) :
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 93 (1877) [part.]; Newton, Ootheca
Woileyana, pt. ii. p. 493 (1902) [part.] ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i.
p. 411 (1902) [part.] ; Rey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 371 (1904),
pi. 46. figs. 1-6 (1900) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xi. & xii.
p. 421 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 611 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 361 (1910).
Garrulus glandarius glandarius, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 29 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eyys Europ. Birds, i. p. 26, pi. 7. tigs. 1-6 (1906).
Eggs of the European Jay are of an oval shape and glossy. The
ground varies from pale green to pale buff, and is finely freckled
all over the shell with lighter or darker umber-brown and lilac-
grey. Some specimens have the ground almost completely hidden
by the markings, while in others it is plainly visible and the
markings are comparatively few : in some clutches a well-marked
zone of concentrated spots is found round the broader end, and
occasionally round the smaller end. Irregular black hair-lines are
often present. They measure from 1-22 to 1-3 in length, and
from '85 to "95 in breadth.
6. Valkenswaard, Holland, 10th May Seebohm Coll.
(H. Seebohm).
5. Valkenswaard, 19th May (H. S.). Seebohm Coll.
6. Valkenswaard, 28th May (//. &), Seebohm Coll.
490
Pomerania (Dr. T. Holland).
Altenkirchen, Rhenish Prussia,
26th April (Sache).
Altenkirchen, 23rd May (Sache}.
Warsaw, Poland, 20th May.
Elbeuf, France (Noury : Haryitt
Coll.).
Elbeuf (Noun/ : Hargitt Coll.).
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Garrulus rufitergum, Hartert.
Garrulus glaudarius, Hewitson, Eggs of Brit. Birds, i. p. 237, pi. Ix.
fig. 1 (1856) ; Seebohm, Eggs Brit. Birds, p. 228, pl.lv. fig. 1 (1890) ;
Newton, Oot'heca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 493(1902) [part.]; Dresser,
Man. Pal Birds, i. p. 411 (1902) [part.].
Garrulus glandarius rufitergum, Hariert, Yog. pal. Faun. i. p. 30 (1903)
[part.] ; Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 24 (1906).
Garrulus run'terguni, Sharpe, Hand-l. \. p. 611 (1909).
The eggs of the British Jay do not differ from those of
G. glandarius described above.
4. Cumberland (Hey shorn).
4. Cumberland (Heysham).
6. Carlisle, Cumberland, May ( W.
R. S.}.
5. Burgh-on-Sands, Cumberland,
20th June.
6. Bowden, Cheshire (F. Nicholson}.
3. Sheffield, Yorkshire (H. S.).
0. Wyre Forest, Shropshire, 17th
May.
4. Sherwood Forest, Nottingham-
shire, 28th April.
4. Sherwood Forest, 28th April.
4. Sherwood Forest, 7th May.
7. Sutton Coldfield Park, Warwick,
12th May.
4. Cambridgeshire.
3. Epping Forest, Essex.
4. Epping Forest, 18th May (T.
2. Highgate, Middlesex.
6. Finchley, Middlesex.
5. Churt, Surrey.
5. Alton, Hants, May.
4. Alton, May.
4. Alton, May.
6. New Forest, Hants (H. Saunders}.
5. Bur ley, New Forest, 9th May.
5. Burley, 16th May.
3. Morchard Bishop, Devon (H. B.
Tristra-rn).
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
J.S.Elliott, Esq. [P.].
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
J. S. Elliott, Esq. [P.].
F. Bond, Esq. [P.].
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Seebohm Coll.
Gould Coll.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gould Coll.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequeut.
Seebohm Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Crowley Bequest.
GARRULUS. 491
Garrulus caspius, Seebohm.
Garrulus atricapillus, subsp, caspius, Seebohm, Ibis, 1883, p. 8.
Garruhis glandarius caspius, Hartert, Voy. pal. Faun. i. p. 31 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eijys Europ. Birds, i. p. 27 (19^6).
Garrulus caspius, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 611 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml. p. 301 (1910).
The eggs of the Lenkoran Jay do not differ from those of
G. glandarius.
2. Lenkoran, Talish (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
7. Lenkoran, 15th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[p.].
Garrulus minor, Verr.
Garrulus minor, Locke, Expl. Sei. Aly6r., Ois. i. p. 122 (1867) ; Sharpe, Cat.
Birds B. M. iii. p. 96 (1877) ; Dresser, Eyys Birds Europ. pts. xi. &
xii. p. 422, pi. 3. tigs. 3 & 4 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 611 (1909).
Garrulus cenops, Whitaker, Ibis, 1898, p. 606.
Garrulus glandarius minor, Hartert, Voy. pal. Faun. i. p. 31 (1903).
Eggs of the Lesser African Jay are indistinguishable from those
of G. glandarius.
8. Riff, North Morocco, 8th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.I
Garrulus krynicki, Kalenicz.
Corvus melanocephalus, Kriiper, J. f. O. 1869, p. 33.
Garrulus stridens, Ehves fy Buckley, Ibis, 1870, p. 191.
Garrulus krynickii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 99 (1877) ; Newton,
Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 494 (1902); Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
i. p. 414 (1902) ; id., Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xi. & xii. p. 424,
pi. 3. tigs. 7 & 8 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 612 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml p. 361 (1910).
Garrulus glandarius krynicki, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 32 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 27 (1906).
Eggs of the Turkish Black-hiaded Jay are quite like those of
G. ylandarius.
2. Smyrna, Asia Minor, 20th May Seebohm Coll.
(T, Kriiper).
4 Smyrna, 1st June (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
Smyrna, 1st June (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
Smyrna, 9th June (T. K.). Seebohm Coll.
Smyrna, 16th June (T. K.) Crowley Bequest.
Mersina, Asia Minor, 7th April W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(O. Reiser}. [P.].
Lenkoran, Talish (Nehrkorn Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
492 CORVID.E.
Garrulus atricapillus, Geuffr.
Garrulus atricapillus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 612 (1877) ;
Dresser, Man. Pal. JBirds, i. p. 413 (1902) ; id., Eyys Birds Europ.
pis. xi. & xii. p. 424 ^1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 612 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Garrulus glandarius atricapillus, Hartert, Vb'y. pal. Faun. i. p. 32 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 28 (1906).
Eggs of the Syrian Jay do not differ from those of G. glan-
darius.
2. Olive Grove, near Jerusalem, 26th Crowley Bequest.
April (H. B. Tristram).
4. Beirut, 27th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders. Esq.
[P.]-
Garrulus japonicus, Schley.
Garrulus japonicus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 95 (1877) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 4lo (1902) ; Ingram, Ibis, 1908, p. 149 ; Sharpe,
Hand-l. v. p. 612 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Garrulus glandarius japonicus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 32 (1903).
Eggs of the Japanese Jay do not differ from those of G. glan-
darius described above.
6. Fujiyama, Hondo, Japan, 23rd Crowley Bequest.
May (A. Oivston: Heatley
Noble Coll.).
6. Kanagawa, ur. Yokohama, llth W. Radclitfe Saunders, Esq.
May. [P.].
4. Norikurayama, Hondo, 28th May. "W. Kadcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Garrulus brandti, Eversmann.
Garrulus brandti, Dybowski $ Par rex, J. f. O. 1868, p. 332 ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 96 (1877) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i.
p. 413 (1902) ; id., Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xi. & xii. p. 423, pi. 3.
rigs. 5 & 6 (1908) j Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 612 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Garrulus glandarius brandti, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 33 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eyys Europ. Birds, i. p. 28 (1906).
Eggs of Brandt's Jay are of the usual type, and are indistinguish-
able from those of G. glandarius.
1. East Siberia (B. Dybowski 8f A. Crowley Bequest.
Parrex • Tristram Coll.).
2. Amurland, 19th April. Crowley Bequest.
1. Amurlaud, 4th May. Crowley Bequest.
3. Amurland. W. Radclifle Saunders, Esq.
[P.J.
GAERTJLUS. 493
Garrulus whitakeri, Ilartert.
Garrulus glandarius whitakeri, Ilartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 33 (1903) ;
Whitaker, Bird* Turn*, ii. p. 10 (1905).
Gurrulus whitakeri, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 612 (1909).
Kggs of Whitaker's Jay are similar to those of G. glandarius.
4. Morocco, 4th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Garrulus cervicalis, Bonap.
Garrulus cervicalis, Loche, Expl. Sci. Alc/er., Ois. i. p. 120 (1867) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 98 (1877) ; Koenig, J.f. O. 1896, p. 216, pi. vi.
fig-. 5 ; Erlanger, J.f. O. 1899, p. 489; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i.
p. 414 (1902)'; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, ii. p. 9 (1905) ; Dresser, Eggs
Birds Europe, pis. xi. <fe xii. p. 425, pi. 3. figs. 9 & 10 (1908) ; Sharpe,
Hand-l v. p. 612 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Garrulus glandarius cervicalis, Hartert, Voq. pal. Faun. i. p. 34 (1903);
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 28 (1906).
Eggs of the Algerian Black-headed Jay are indistinguishable
from those of G. glandarius.
4. Boghar Forest, Algeria, June (H. Crowley Bequest &
B. Tristram"). Salvin-Godrnan Coll.
3. Benghazi, N. Africa (C. Wright}. Seebohm Coll.
Garrulus bispecularis, Vigors.
Garrulus bispecularis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M, iii. p. 100 (1877) ; Gates,
Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 39 (1889) : Oates, ed. Hume, Nests $
Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 28 (1889) : Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 613 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Three eggs of the Himalayan Jay are similar to those of G.
glandarius, bufc smaller. They measure respectively : 1*17 by
'•85 ; 1-17 by -84 ; and 1-1 by -87.
2. Kotgarh, Punjab, 18th June. Hume Coll.
1. Murree, Punjab, 6th May (C. H. Hume Coll.
T. Marshall).
Garrulus sinensis, Swirih.
Garrulus sinensie, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 101 (1877) ; David Sf
Oustal. Ois. Chine, p. 378 (1877) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 613 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Eggs of the Chinese Jay differ in no way from those of
G. glandarius.
4. Foh-kien, China, 23rd April. C. B. Eickett, Esq. [P.].
3. Kuatun, Fohkien, oth May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. f P.I
«. Kuatun, llth May. C. B. Rickett, Esq. [P.1].
3. Kuatun, 21st April. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [0.1.
3. Kuatun, 7th May. J. D. La Touche, Esq. [C.].
494 CORVID.92.
Genus LALETES, Reiclienow.
Laletes lanceolatus ( Vigors).
Garrulus lanceolatus, Hutton, J. Asiat. Soc. Beng-.^u. pt. ii. p. 5 (1848) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 101 (1877) ; Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind.,
Birds, i. p. 38 (1889) ; Gates, ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i.
p. 26 (1889).
Laletes lanceolatus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 613 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eier-
samml, p. 361 (1910).
Eggs of the Black -throated Jay are similar to those of Garrulus
glandarius but are smaller, as in G. bispecularis.
1 . Himalaya. Purchased.
2. Murree, Punjab, 25th May (Dr. Crowley Bequest.
Parker).
4. Kotgarh, Punjab, 4th April. Hume Coll.
f>. Kotgarh, 30th April. Hume Coll.
2. Kotgarh, 16th May. Hume Coll.
6. Kotgarh, 24th June. Hume Coll.
5. Mussoorie, N.W. Provinces (7". Hume Coll.
Hutton).
3. Mnssoorie (T. H.) Capt. J. Hutton [P.].
3. Upper Garhwal, April. Hume Coll.
Genus CRACTES, Billberg.
Cractes infaustus (Linn.).
Perisoreus infaustus, Baedeker, Eier Eur. Voq. tab. 76. fig. 5 (1855-63) :
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 103 (1877) [part.]; Newton, Ootheca
Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 478, pi. xiii. (1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds,
i. p. 410 (1902) fpart.] ; Hey, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 375 (1904),
pi. 46. figs. 7-13 (1900) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europe, pts. xi. & xii.
p. 420, pi. i. figs. 13-16 (1908).
Perisoreus infaustus infaustus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 34 (1903).
Cractes infaustus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p.' 614 (1909) j Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Eggs of the Siberian Jay vary in shape from a long rather
pointed oval to a very wide oval, and are somewhat glossy. The
ground is some shade of greenish-white or rarely pale greyish-green,
spotted and blotched all over, but especially towards the larger
end where the markings are often confluent and form a zone or
irregular cap, with umber-brown, ashy-brown and lilac-grey.
They vary in length from 1-18 to 1-32, and in breadth from -83
to -93.
3. Lapland (Haivkins). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
2. Lapland (H. Wheelwright). Seebohm Coll.
4. Lapland (H. W.}. Seebohm Coll.
2. Lapland, 19th April (//. 7F.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Lapland, 2nd May (Hawkins). Seebohm Coll.
ORACTE*. — CYAXOCITTA.
4D5
4. Muonioniska, Lnpland, 6th April Seobohin Coll.
(Moves).
4. Muonioniska, 20th April (Knob- Seebohm Coll.
lock).
3. Muonioniska, 8th April. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
1. Muonioniska, 29th April (Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
2. Rowa, East Bothnia, 26th May. Salvin-Godruan Coll.
1. Salmo-vaara, East Bothnia " (J. Salvin-Godman Coll.
JFoJfcy).
4. Tv.iniras-javwi, E. Bothnia, April. Seehohm Coll.
2. Finland (J. Wolley : Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.).
Cractes canadensis (Linn.).
Perisoreus canadensis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 104 (1877) ;
Jeffries, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Cl. vii. p. 181 (1882) ; Bendire, Life-Rist.
N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 385, pi. iii. figs, 18, 19 (1895).
Perisoreus canadensis canadensis, Tlidgiv. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
iii. p. 366 (1904).
Cractes canadensis, Sharps, Hand-l. v. p. 614 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Two eggs of the Canada Jay resemble those of C. infaustus.
They measure respectively : 1'16 by -85, and 1'12 by -82.
2. [Canada.] Crowley Bequest.
Genus CYANOCITTA, StricM.
Cyanocitta cristata (Linn.).
Corvus cristatus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xli. figs. 7 a-c
(1845-54).
Cyanocitta cristata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 107 (1877) ; Nehrl.
Bull. Nutt. Orn. CL vii. p. 168 ( 1882) ; Bendire, Life-Hist. 'N. Amer.
Birds, ii. p. 356, pi. v. tigs. 5, 6 (1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 615
(1909); Nehrk. .Kat. Eiersamml. p. 361 (1910).
Cyanocitta cristata cristata, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii.
p. 347 (1904).
Eggs of the American Blue Jay are of a regular rather wide oval
shape, sometimes somewhat pointed towards the smaller end, and
slightly glossy. The ground-colour varies much, and may be
dull greyish-green, pale olive-green, pale olive-brown, and occa-
sionally pale whitish-buff. The shell is usually finely spotted all
over, especially round the larger end, with umber-brown, or
vandyke-brown and ash-grey or lilac-grey, but in some examples
the markings are fewer and larger. They vary in length from
1-02 to 1-2, and in breadth from -81 to -85.
496 CORVIDJ3.
6. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America. (Henshaw Coll.}. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. North America (Henshaw Coll.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
2. North America (Smiths. Inst.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. New York (D. G. Elliot : Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll.).
4. Princeton, New Jersey, 15th May Princeton University, N. J.
( W. E. D. Scott). [E.].
Philadelphia ( Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Illinois, 1st April ( W. S. Strode). W. Radclilie Saunders, Esq.
3. Fulton, Illinois, 20th April (W. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
S. S.). [P.].
3. Fulton, 20th April (W. S. S.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Cyanocitta coronata (Swains.).
Cyanocitta coronata, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. Ill (1877); SaJv. $
Goflm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 491 (1887) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 616 (1909).
Cyanocitta stelleri coronata, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii.
p. 362 (1904).
An egg said to be that of the Blue-crested Jay is of a regular
oval shape and without gloss. The ground is pale blue, rather
sparingly spotted with distinct small spots of dull chocolate-brown
and lilac-grey. It measures 1'23 by '89.
1. Guatemala. Crowley Bequest.
Cyanocitta florincola, Cones.
Cyanocitta cristata florincola, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii.
p. 361, pi. v. fige. 7, 8 (1895) ; Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
iii. p. 350 (1904).
Cvanocitta flovincola, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 615 (1909); Nehrk.fKat.
Eiersamml. p. 362 (1910).
Four eggs of the Florida Blue Jay are of the same type as
those of C. cristata, with the ground-colour pale olive-brown.
4 Florida, 30th March (Dickinson). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Genus APHELOCOMA, Calanis.
Aphelocoma calif ornica ( Vigors).
Aphelocoma californica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 113 (1877) ;
Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 374, pi. v. n>s. 15-18
(1895) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 617 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 362 (1910).
Aphelocoma californica californica, Ridyw. Birds North fy Middle Amer.
iii. p. 327 (1904).
APHELOCOMA. 497
Eggs of the California Jay vary in shape from a broad oval to a
somewhat pointed oval, and are distinctly glossy. The ground-
colour varies from pale blue to greyish-green or pale olive-green.
The blue examples from Los Angeles are very sparingly marked
with small spots of reddish- brown and lilac : the other specimens
are more or less spotted all over with reddish-brown or umber-
brown and lilac or ash-grey, the markings being always most
numerous towards the larger end, and in some specimens forming
a distinct cap.
1. [California] (Smiths. List.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. California, 2nd May ( Wallace). Crowley Bequest.
2. Sacramento Valley, California Crowley Bequest.
(A. L. H.: Tristram Coll.).
4. Pasadena, California, 20tb May. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
3. Los Angeles, California, Wt Radcliffe Sauuders, Esq.
[p.],
Aphelocoma woodhousei (Baird).
Aphelocoma woodhousei, Sharpe, Cat. Birch B. M. iii. p. 114 (1877);
Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 372, pi. v. fiar. 14 (1895) ;
Ridyw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. iii. p. 333 (1904): Sharpe,
Hand-l. v, p. 617 (1909) ; Nehrk, Kat. Eiersamml. p. 362 (1910).
Five eggs of Woodhouse's Jay resemble the more strongly
marked examples of A. californica described above.
5. [Western United States.] W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Aphelocoma cyanotis, Eidgway.
Aphelocoma cyanotis, Bendire, Life-Hist. N. Amer. Birds, ii. p. 382
(1895) ; Ridtjw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. iii. p, 335 (1904) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 617 (1909).
Five eggs of the Blue-eared Jay are of a wido oval shape and
slightly glossy. The ground-colour in one is greyish-blue and in
the remaining four dull greyish-green. All are marked with
chestnut and lilac-grey spots : rather faint in two specimens, mostly
concentrated round the larger end in two more, and round the
smaller end in the fifth. They bear a curious resemblance to
strongly marked eggs of Turdus viscivorus. They measure respec-
tively : Ml by -82; 1-1 by -8; 1-05 by -85 ; 1-03 by 8 ; and 1-02
by -81.
5. North-west head of Guadalupe Salvin-Godman Coll.
River, Central Texas, 5th April
(II. P. Attwater).
VOL. V. "2 X
498
COKVIDJ2.
Genus CYANOCORAX, Boie.
Cyanocorax chrysops ( Vieill.}.
Cyanocorax chrysops, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 120 (1877) ; Chubb,
Ibis, 1910, p. 646 ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 619 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 362 (1910).
Eggs of the Urraca Jay vary in shape from a broad to a somewhat
pointed oval, and are slightly glossy. The ground varies from
greyish-white to creamy-white and whitish-buff, and is generally
thickly freckled all over with yellowish-brown and lilac-grey, the
markings being usually most numerous at the broad end. In some
clutches the markings are small and comparatively speaking few,
in others they are much coarser and have a somewhat blotched
appearance. In one abnormally coloured set the ground is pale
bluish-white with small very dark brown spots and ash-grey under-
markings, mostly concentrated about the large end. They vary
in length from 1-18 to 1-4, and in breadth from -88 to -98.
8.
Sapucay,
Paraguay,
3.
Sapucay.
3.
Sapucay.
2.
Sapucay,
1st Oct.
2.
Sapucay,
2nd Oct.
3*.
Sapucay,
8th Oct.
4.
Sapucay,
llth Oct.
2.
Sapucay,
12th Oct.
4.
Sapucay,
13th Oct.
3.
Sapucay,
13th Oct.
2.
Sapucay,
13th Oct.
4.
Sapucay,
J9th Oct.
3.
Sapucay,
llth Nov.
2.
Sapucay,
1 2th Nov.
2.
Sapucay,
13th Nov.
3.
Sapucay,
22nd Nov.
4.
Sapucay,
4th Dec.
W. Foster, Esq.
C.I
W. Foster, Esq.
C.]
W. Foster, Esq.
•c:
W. Foster, Esq.
'c:
W. Foster, Esq.
c;
W. Foster, Esq.
c:
W. Foster, Esq.
c;
W. Foster, Esq.
"o:
W. Foster, Esq.
"C."
W. Foster, Esq.
'C."
W. Foster, Esq.
"c.j
W. Foster, Esq.
[c;
W. Foster, Esq.
lc.~
W. Foster, E?q.
'c.l
W. Foster, Esq.
*c.]
W. Foster, Esq.
'C.J
W. Foster, Esq.
c.]
Cyanocorax affinis, Pelz.
Cyanocorax affinis, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 121 (1877) ; Scl. 8,
Salv, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 510 ; Atten, Bull. Amer. Mus. xxi. p. 290
(1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 619 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 362 (1910).
Two eggs of the Colombian Jay do not differ in any way from
typical examples of C. chrysops, with the ground-colour whitish-
buff. They measure respectively : 1-36 by -96, and 1-32 by -99.
2. Remedios, Antioquia, U.S.
Colombia (T. K. Salmon).
Salvin-Godinan Coll.
CYAXOCOKAX. 499
Cyanocorax mystacalis ((reoffr.).
Cyanocorax mystacalis, Sharj)e, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 124 (1877) ; Tacz.
Orn. Perou, ii. p. 398 (1884) ; Sharpe, Havd-l. v. p. 620 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersaimnl. p. 362, pi. i. fig. 2 (1910).
An egg of the Ecuador Jay is like some of the very finely
spotted examples laid by C. chrysops. The ground is pale whitish-,
buff, minutely dotted all over with points and small well-defined
spots of dark brown and lilac-grey. It measures 1'25 by i)2.
1. X. Peru (Nehrkorn Coll.), Crowley Bequest,
Cyanocorax caeruleus ( Vieill.}.
(Plate XXII. tigs. 13 & 15.)
Cyanocorax cseruleus, Sharpe, Cat Birds B. M. iii. p. 126 (1877);
Hellmayr, Nov. Zool. xiii. p, 305 (190G) ; Sharpe, Hand-L \. p. 621
(1909) ;" Chubb, Ibis, 1910, p. 646; Nehrk, Kat. EiersammL p. 363,
pi. i. fig. 1 (1910).
Eggs of the South Brazilian Blue Jay vary from a wide to a
regular oval shape, sometimes somewhat pointed towards the smaller
end, and are very slightly glossy. The large series collected by
Mr. Foster at Sapucay is remarkably uniform in appearance. All
have the ground pale blue, boldly spotted and blotched with
reddish chocolate-brown and lilac-grey of several shades. In most
examples the markings are distributed all over the shell, but in
one or two they are more numerous at the larger end and form an
irregular wreath. They vary in length from I'l to T32, and in.
breadth from -83 to -91,
8. Sapucay, Paraguay. W, Foster, Esq.
2. Sapucay, 1st Oct. W. Foster, Esq.
2. Sapucay, 2nd Oct. W. Foster, Esq.
5. Sapucay, 6th Oct. W, Foster, Esq.
1 . Sapucay, 13th Oct, W. Foster, Esq.
0.
c.
re.
o.
o.
3. Sapucay, 18th Oct, W. Foster, Esq. [C.
4. Sapucay, 4th Nov, W, Foster, Esq, [C."
5. Sapucay, 13th Nov, W. Foster, Esq. [C/
4. Sapucay, 3rd Dec, W. Foster, Esq. [C/
1. Brazil. Spencer Moore, Esq. j_.r,j,
2. Serra do Mar, Sao Paulo, Brazil, (Jrowley Bequest.
3rd Oct.
Three eggs from Brazil and Serra do Mar also referred to the
present species have a very different type of marking, the ground
being pale greenish-blue closely freckled all over with umber-brown
and lilac-grey. These eggs agree exactly with the figure given by
Herr Nehrkorn.
2x2
500 GOBVIDJE.
Genus XANTHURA, Bonap.
Xanthura galeata, Ridgway.
Xanthura yncas, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 129 (1877) [part.];
Nekrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 363 (1910).
Cyanocorax incas, Sol. 8? Solo, (nee Bodd.) P. Z. S. 1.879, 'p. 510.
Xanthoura yncas galeata, Ridgw. Auk, xvii. p. 27 (1900).
Xanthura galeata, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 621 (1909).
Two eggs of the Helmeted Inca Jay are of a rather wide oval
shape, a third is more pointed, and all are slightly glossy. The
ground is dull greenish-white densely freckled all over with fine
markings of yellowish-umber, brown and lilac-grey. In one
specimen the markings are concentrated at the larger end and form
an irregular cap. They measure respectively : 1'22 by '85 ; 1*2 by
•84 ; and 1-12 by -85.
1. U.S. Colombia. Crowley Bequest.
2. Santa Elena, Antioquia, U.S. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Colombia (T. K, Salmon}.
Xanthura luxuosa (Less.).
Xanthura luxuosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 132 (1877) [part.];
Salvin fy Godman, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 502 (1887) [part.];
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 621 (1909).
Xanthoura luxuosa luxuosa, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii.
p. 306 (1904).
Four eggs of the Green Jay are much the same as those of
X. galeata but are smaller and less densely spotted. The ground
is white or pale greenish-white, spotted all over and blotched
towards the larger end with various shades of yellowish-brown
and lilac-grey. They measure respectively: 1'06 by *84; 1*03
by -8 ; 1 by -81 ; and 1 by -8.
3. Tampico, Tamaulipas, E. Mexico, Salvin-Godman Coll.
3rd June ( W. B. Richardson).
1. Tampico, 3rd June ( W. B. R.). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Xanthura glaucescens, Ridgway.
Xanthura incas var. luxuosa, Merrill, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club. i. p. 89 (1876).
Xanthura luxuosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 132 (1877) [part.] ;
Sennett, Bull. U. S. Geol. $ Geogr. Surv. iv. p. 29 (1878) ; Merrill,
P. U. S. Nat. Mus. i. p. 136 (1878) ; Salvin fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-
Amer., Aves, i. p. 502 (1887) [part.]. ^
Xanthoura luxuosa, Bendire (nee Less.), Life-Hist. N. Amer. B. ii. p. 383.
pi. iii. tigs. 15-17 (1895).
Xanthoura luxuosa glaucescens, Ridgw. Birds North $ Middle Amer.
iii. p. 308 (1904).
Xanthura glaucescens, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 621 (1909).
XANTIIURA. — ClSSOLOPHA. 601
Eggs of the Rio Grande Green Jay resemble those of X. galeata,
but are rather smaller.
4. [South-western Texas.] W. Rndcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
Xanthura guatemalensis, Bonap.
Xanthura luxuosa, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M> iii. p. 132 (1877) [part.] ;
Salv. 8f Godm. BioL Centr.-Amer., Ave*, i. p. 502 (1887) [part.].
Xanthoura luxuosa guatemalensis, RiJgw. Birds North Sf Middle Amer.
iii. p. 310 (1904).
Xanthura guatemalensis, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 622 (1909).
Xanthura luxuosa, Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 363 (1910).
Eggs of the Guatemalan Green Jay resemble those of X. galeata,
but are not quite so heavily spotted. They measure respectively :
MS by -82; 1-09 by '82; and 1-08 by -8.
1. Yucatan (G. F. Gaumer). Gould Coll.
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest,
Genus ClSSOLOPHA, Bonap.
Cissolopha yucatanica (Dubois).
Xanthura yucatanica, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 133 (1877).
Cyanocitta yucatanica, Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 446.
Cyanolyca yucatanica, Salv. fy Godm. BioL Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 498
(1887).
Cissilopha yucatanica, Ridgiv. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii. p. 315
(1904).
Cissolopha yucatanica, Sharpe, Hand-l. y. p. 622 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 363 (1910).
Eggs of the Yucatan Jay are of a broad oval form, sometimes
somewhat pointed towards the smaller end, and distinctly glossy.
The ground varies from pinkish-white or dull purplish-white to
pale pinkish-brick-colour, and is thickly or sparingly spotted with
light red, chestnut, or brown, and underlying marks of purplish-
grey. They vary in length from 1-08 to 1-23, and in breadth
from -75 to -92.
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
2. Yucatan (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
2. Yucatan (Nehrkorn Coll.}. Crowley Bequest.
2. Valladolid, Yucatan (G. F. Gould Coll.
Gaumer}.
2. Zoological Gardens, London. Zoological Society Coll.
Cissolopha beecheyi ( rigors}.
(Plate XXII. fig. 14.)
Xanthura beecheii, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 133 (1877).
Cyanolvca beecheyi, Salvin 4* Godm. BioL Centr.-Amer., Aves, i. p. 497
(1887).
502 CORVID^fi.
Cissilopha beecheii, Ridaw. Birds North $ Middle Amer. iii. p. 316
(1904).
Cissolopha beecheyi, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 622 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
EiersammL p. 363 (1910).
Two eggs of Beechey's Jay are of a rather long oval shape and
somewhat glossy ; the ground is light pinkish brick-colour, thickly
spotted at the broad end, and somewhat sparingly elsewhere, with
light chestnut and reddish lilac-grey, the markings at the broad
end being more or less confluent. They measure respectively 1 -35
by -94 and 1-35 by -94.
2. Mazatlan, W. Mexico, 17th May Crowley Bequest.
(A. Forrer).
Cissolopha melanocyanea (Hartl.}.
Cyanocittn, melanocyanea, ScL # Salv. Ibis, 1859, p. 21, pi. v. fig. 6.
Xanthura melanocyanea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds It. M , iii. p. 134 (1877).
Cyanolyca melanocyanea, Salvin fy Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, i.
4p. 498 (1887).
Cissilopha melanocyanea, Ridgw. Birds North fy Middle Amer. iii. p. 317
(1904),
Cissolopha melanocyanea, Sharpc, Hand-l. v. p. 623 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
EiersammL p. 363 (1910).
Eggs of Hartlaub's Jay are of two types : the first, with a light
pinkish-brick ground and light chestnut and reddish-lilac markings,
resembles the eggs of C. beeclieyi described above ; the other type,
said to be also of this species, resembles the eggs of C. yucatanica,
having the ground pinkish-white with dark chestnut and lilac-grey
spots scattered all over the shell. They measure from 1/08 to 1-23
in length, and from '81 to *89 in breadth.
1. Mexico (Nehrkorn Cull.}. Crowley Bequest.
1. San Geronimo, Guatemala (O. Salvin-Godinan Coll.
Salvin).
3. San Geronimo, 29th April (O. &). Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Duenas, Guatemala, 28th May Salvin^Godmau Coll.
(O. &).
3. Duenas, 31st May (O. &). Salvin-Godman Coll.
Genus PSILORHINUS, Hupp.
Psilorhinus morio
Psilorliintts morio, Sumichrast, Mem. Bost. Soc. N. If. i. p. 554 (1869) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 139 (1877); Salvin $ Godman,
Biol. Cetitr.- Amer., A ves, i. p. 505 (1887) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 625
(1909) ; Nehrk. KaL Eirrtamml. p. 363 (1910).
Psilorhinus mexicanus, Salvin fy Godman, t. c. p. 506 (1887).
Psilorhinus morio morio, HidffW. Birds North fy Middle 'Amer. iii. p. 299
(1904).
An egg of the Brown Jay is of a somewhat pointed oval shape
PSILORH1NUS.— STRUTHIDEA. 603
and without gloss. The ground is creamy-white, densely and
finely freckled all over with very small spots of umber-brown and
grey. It measures 1*39 by *95.
1. Mexico (Tristram Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
Psilorhinus vociferus (Cabot).
Corvus vociferus, Cabot, Pr. Host. Soc. N. H. i. p. 155 (1843).
Psilorhinus mexicauus, Boucard, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 447.
Psilorhinus mexicanus vociferus, Ridgiv. Birds Nerth # Middle Amer.
iii. p. 303 (1904).
Psilorhinus vociferus, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 626 (1909).
Three eggs of the Yucatan Brown Jay are indistinguishable from
those of P. morio, but are somewhat glossy. One example has the
markings most dense at the broad end and some of the brown spots
are rather large in size. They measure respectively 1-35 by *97 ;
1-35 by -98 ; 1-32 by -92.
2. Yucatan. Crowley Bequest.
1. Valladolid, Yucatan (G. F. Salvin-Godman Coll.
Gaumer).
Genus STRUTHIDEA, Gould.
Struthidea cinerea, Gould.
Struthidea cinerea, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 472 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 140 (1877) ; North, Nests Sf Eggs Birds Austr.
p. 188, pi. viii. fig. 8 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eygs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 63 (1901) ; North Nest $ Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 18 (1901) ;
Barnard, Emu, vii. p. 188 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 626 (1909) ;
Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 364 (1910).
Eggs of the Apostle-bird or Grey Jumper are of an oval shape
and slightly glossy. The ground is white with a few distinct
scattered spots of brown of various shades or even black, and
underlying ashy-grey or lilac-grey, the markings being nearly
always round the larger end. They vary from 1-03 to 1-23 in
length, and from '75 to -9 in breadth.
2. Queensland. Gould Coll.
2. New South Wales, 18th Oct. Gould Coll.
(J. Gould).
3. Ivanhoe, N. S. Wales, 7th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
5. Dubbo, N. S. Wales, Oct. (A. J. N.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. Philbrick, Esq. [P.].
504
Genus PICATHARTES, Lesson.
Picathartes gymnocephalus, Temm.
Picathartes gymnocephalus, Ussher, Ibis, 1874, p. 67, pi. ii. ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 141 (1877) ; Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 644
(1903) ; Shelley, Birds Afr. v. p. 159 (1906) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 626 (1909).
An egg of the White-necked Bare-headed Crow is of a rather
long oval shape and without gloss. The ground is creamy-white,
densely mottled all over with rather small spots and markings of
yellowish-brown, umber-brown, and ashy or lilac-grey. It measures
1-57 by 1-06.
1. Denkera, Fantee (8. D. Aubinn). Dr. R. B. Sharpe [P.].
Picathartes oreas, Reiclienow.
(Plate XXII. fig. 8.)
Picathartes oreas, Reich. Vog. Afr. ii. p. 6^4 (1903) ; Shelley, Birds Afr.
v. p. 160 (1906) ; Sharpe, Ibis, 1908, p. 357 : id.. Hand-l. v. p. 626
(1909).
An egg of the Grey-necked Bare-headed Crow resembles that of
P. gymnocephalus. It measures 1'57 by T06.
1. Cameroon. G. L. Bates Esq. [C.j.
Genus GLAUCOPIS, Gmd.
Glaucopis cinerea, Gmel.
(Plate XXII. fig. 2.)
Glaucopis cinerea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 142 (1877) ; Campbell,
Tr. New Zeal. hist. xii. p. 249 (1879) ; fuller, Birds N. Zeal. i. p. 5
(1888), Suppl. ii. p. 164 (1905); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 627 (1909).
Two eggs of the Orange-wattled Crow are of a somewhat pointed
oval shape and are very slightly glossy. The ground is dull purplish-
grey, rather sparingly spotted and blotched with sepia-brown and
grey of various shades. They measure respectively 1-53 by 1*1 and
1-61 by 1-08.
2. New Zealand (Field Coll.}. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
Genus GRACULUS, Koch.
Graculus graculus (Linn.}.
Corvus graculus, Thien. Fortpflanz. ges. Vog. tab. xli, fig. 3 (1845-
Pyrrhocorax graculus, Tristram, Ibis, 1 859, p. 292 ; Salvin, Ibis, 1859,
pp. 313, 358 ; Seebohm, Eygs of Brit. Birds, p. 228, pi. 55. fig. 2
GRACTJLUS. 505
(1896) ; Neioton, Ootheca Wolleyana, pt. ii. p. 471 (1902) ; Dresser,
Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 405 (1902) ; lley, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i.
p. 369 (1904), pi. 50. figs. 8-11 (1900) ; Whitaker, Birds Tunis, ii.
p. 7 (1905) ; Dresser, Eggs Birds Europ. pts. xi. & xii. p. 415, pi. 2.
tigs. 7-9 (1908).
Fregilus graculus, Loche, Expl Sci. Alg6r., Ois. i. p. 116 (1867) ; Hume
& Render*. Lahore to Yark. p. 243 (1873).
Graculus graculus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 146 (1877) ; id.,
Hand-l. \. p. 627 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eicrsamml. p. 364 (1910).
Graciilius ereiiiita, Oates, Faun. Brit. 2nd., Birds, i. p. 43 (1889) ; Oatet,
ed. Hume, Nests $ Eggs Ind. Birds, i. p. 31 (1889).
Pyrrbocorax pyrrhocorax, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 35 (1903) ;
Jourd. Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 30 pi. 2. figs. 8-11 (1906).
Eggs of the Chough vary in shape from a broad or regular oval
to a somewhat pointed oval, and are almost devoid of gloss. The
ground is white, creamy-white, or pale greenish-white, marked all
over the shell, sometimes sparingly, sometimes densely, with spots
and small blotches of umber-brown and lilac-grey of different shades,
the markings being usually more numerous and rather larger at
the broad end.
European eggs vary in length from 1-47 to 1*62, and in breadth
from 1-01 to 1-16.
An Algerian egg measures 1'42 by 1.
The egg laid by the larger Tibetan race, named Fregilus
Jiimalayanus, Gould, is much larger than any other specimen in
the Collection and measures 1*74 by 1'2. It does not differ in any
other respect.
1. I. of Islay, Inner Hebrides (Har- Seebohm Coll.
tfitt Coll.).
5. Trwyn - cilan, Carnarvon, 26th W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
April (E. Evans}. [P.].
5. Trwyn-cilan, 10th May (E. E.). W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
5. Pembrokeshire. Gould Coll.
5. Ramsey I., Pembroke, 16th May W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
(W. Morgan}. [P.].
1. Portland Bill, Dorset (Tristram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
4. Lulworth, Dorset, May (P. Crowley Bequest.
Crowley}.
7. Lulworth, June (P. C.}. Crowley Bequest.
3. Lulworth, 29th April. Salvin-Godman Coll.
4. Lulworth, May. Snebohm Coll.
1. Rathlin I., Antrim. Seebohin Coll.
2. Rathlin I. Seebohm Coll.
3. Rathlin I., 22nd April. Seebohm Coll.
2. The Breaches, Wicklow, 14th Seebohm Coll.
May (H. Saunders).
4. Wattvford, 28th April (R. J. Seebohin Coll.
Ussher).
4. Waterford, 4th May (R. J. U.}. Seebohm Coll.
5. Waterford, 6th May (R. J. U.}. Seebohm Coll.
4. Cappoquin, Waterford (R. J. U.}. Seebohin Coll.
506
4. Kerry, 8th May (R. J. V.). Seebohm Coll.
3. Spanish side of Pyrenees (Tris- Crowley Bequest.
tram Coll).
6. Zelengora, Bosnia, 16th June. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
1. Algeria. Salvin-Godman Coll.
1. Chumbi, Tibet, 8th May (L. Hume Coll.
Mandelli).
Genus PYRRHOCORAX, Vitill
Pyrrhocorax alpinus, Vieill.
Corvus pyrrhocorax, Thien. Fortpfianz. ges. Vog. tab. xlii. figs. 2, a-d
(1845-54).
Pyrrhocorax alpinus, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 148 (1877) ;
Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 44 (1889) ; Seebohm, Eggs of
Brit. Birds, p. 229, pi. 55. fig. 4 (1896) ; Newton, Ootheca Wolleyana,
pt. ii. p. 473 (1902) ; Dresser, Man. Pal. Birds, i. p. 406 (1902) ;
Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 627 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 364
(1910).
Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax, Rev, Eier Vog. Mitteleurop. i. p. 368 (1904),
pi. 49. figs. 8-11 (1900).
Pyrrhocorax graculus, Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. i. p. 36 (1903) ; Jourd.
Eggs Europ. Birds, i. p. 33, pi. 4. figs. 8-11 (1906).
Eggs of the Alpine Chough are similar to those of Graculus
graculus, but smaller. They vary in length from T34 to 1*55, and
in breadth from 1 to T 07.
3. Europe. Old Collection.
1. Lenk, Switzerland (Trietram Crowley Bequest.
Coll.}.
2. Parnassus, Greece, 20th May (T. Seebohm Coll.
Kruper}.
5. Parnassus, 22nd May (T. K.). W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
4. Parnassus, 22nd May (T. K.}. "W. Radclifie Saunders, Esq.
Genus CORCORAX, Lesson.
Corcorax melanorhamplms ( Vieill.).
Corcorax melanorhamphus, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 470 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 149 (1877) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Birds Austr. p. 189 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests # Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 65, pi. (1901) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 21
(1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 628 (1909); Nehrk. Kat. Eicr-
samml. p. 364 (1910).
Eggs of the White-winged Chough are of a broad or regular
oval shape, somewhat pointed, and distinctly glossy. The ground
is creamy-white, with rather large scattered blotches and spots of
TODOCES.
507
vandyke-brown and purplish-grey of various shades distributed
over the whole shell. In some specimens the surface-markings aro
almost absent, They vary in length from 1*4 to 1*81, and in
breadth from 1-06 to 1-2.
1. New South Wales.
2. New South Wales.
4. New South Wales.
3. Yandembah, N. S. Wales, Sept.
(A. J. North}.
2. Merungle, N. S. Wales, 14th Oct.
(A. J. JV,).
2. Fish River, N. S. Wales (E. P.
Ramsay] .
4. Victoria.
3. Murray River, Victoria, 5th May
(A*.J. N.}.
1. Gippsland, Victoria.
2. South Australia.
6. South Australia.
7. South Australia.
Salvin-Godman Coll.
W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.].
T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
Crowley Bequest.
Crowley Bequest,
Crowley Bequest,
Government of Victoria [P,].
Crowley Bequest.
F. A. Philbrick, Esq. [P.].
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Gould Coll.
Genus PODOCES, Fischer.
Podoces panderi, Fischer.
Podoces panderi, Cabanis, J. f. O. 1873, p. 63, pi. 3. figs. 37 & 38 ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 150 (1877) ; Newton, P. Z. S. 1897,
p. 893, pi. li. fig. 10 ; Dresser, Man. Pal Birds, i. p. 406 (1902) ;
Hartert, Vog.pal. Faun. i. p. 39 (1903) j Dresser, Eggs Birds Europ.
pts. xi. &. xii. p. 417, pi. i. figs. 6 & 7 (1908) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 628 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 364 (1910).
Eggs of Pander's Ground-Chough are of a rather broad oval
shape, somewhat pointed towards the smaller end, and slightly
glossy. The ground is pale greenish-white, spotted all over with
light umber-brown and blotched with lilac-grey of various shades,
the markings being generally most numerous round the larger end
and forming a rather well-defined wreath. They vary in length
from 1-01 to 1-21, and in breadth from •? to -83.
3. Transcaspia, 4th April (N. Za- W. Radclifte Saunders, Esq.
rudny). [P.].
2. Transcaspia, 2nd May (N. Z.}. H. E. Dresser, Esq. [E.].
Podoces humilis, Hume.
Podoces huuiilis, Hume iff Henders. Lahore to Yarkand, p. 247 (1873) ;
Sharpe, Cut. Birds B. M. iii. p. 152 (1877) ; Hartert, Vog. pal.
Faun. i. p. 40 (1903) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 629 (1909) ; Nehrk.
Kat. Eiersamml. p. 364 (1910).
508
. - STREPERID^.
Two eggs of the Dwarf Ground-Chough are of a rather long and
somewhat pointed oval shape, slightly glossy and pure white. They
measure -91 by -62 and -88 by -62.
2. Koko.nor, Eastern Tibet (Roth- Crowley Bequest.
schild Coll.).
Family STREPERID^E.
Genus STREPERA, Lesson.
Strepera graculina ( White).
(Plate XXII. fig. 9.)
Strepera graculina, Gould, Handb. Birds Amir. i. p. 168 (1865); Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B.M. iii. p. 57 (1877) ; North, Nests fy Eggs Birds Austr.
p. 55 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 58 (1901) ;
North, Nests $ Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 8 (1901) ; Sharps, Hand-l. v.
p. 629 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml p. 364 (1910).
Two eggs of the Pied Crow-Shrike are of a broad oval form,
and slightly pointed towards the smaller end. The ground is dull
greyish-pink, rather sparingly spotted with umber-brown and
lilac-grey of several shades. In one egg the markings are more
numerous round the larger end and form an ill-defined wreath.
They measure respectively : 1*69 by 1-21 and 1-65 by 1-22.
2. Liverpool, New South Wales, Oct. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
Strepera arguta, Gould.
Strepera arguta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 171 (1865) ; Sharpe,
Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 59 (1877) ; North, Nests $ Eggs Birds
Austr. p. 57 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 59
(1901) ; North, Nests % Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 10, pi. B i, fig. 9
(1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 629 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml.
p. 364 (1910).
Four eggs believed to be those of the Hill Crow-Shrike are much
like eggs of S. graculina in having the ground-colour greyish-pink,
but the markings are in the form of scattered rounded chocolate-
coloured spots, with blurred edges and minute dots of the same
colour ; there is also an indistinct tracery of pale chocolate-pink
smears and lines, more apparent in some of the eggs than in others.
They measure respectively: 1*68 by 1-15; 1'62 by 1*17; 1*59 by
1-14; and 1-56 by 1-14.
A fifth egg is much smaller, and has the ground-colour greyish-
pink, with spots and small blotches of burnt-sienna and bluish-
grey, most of the markings being rather faint. It measures 1'49
by 1-06.
5. [Tasmania.] Crowley Bequest.
STREPERA. 509
Strepera vieilloti, Matheivs.
Strepera cuneicaiidata, North, Nests # Eggs Birds Austr. p. 55, pi. vii.
tig. 1 (1889); Campbell, Nests Sf Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 60 (1901)
[part.] ; North, Nests 8f Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 14, pi. B i. tig. 13
(1901) [part.].
Strepera versicolor, Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 630 (1909) [part.].
Strepera versicolor vieilloti, Matheivs, Nov. Zool. xviii. p. 444 (1912).
Eggs of Vieillot's Crow-Shrike resemble those of S. yraculina in
markings, but the ground-colour varies from almost creamy-white,
pale greyish-pink, and pale brownish-pink to pale pinkish brick-
colour. Some specimens have more or less marked blackish hair-
lines round the larger end. They vary from 1*63 to l*78.in length,
and from 1'16 to 1*23 in breadth.
1. Victoria. Gould Coll.
3. Victoria, 17th Sept. Crowley Bequest.
2. Cranbourne, Victoria, llth Dec. Crowley Bequest.
(A. J. North).
1. Mitcham, Victoria, 9th Oct. W. Radcliffe Saunders, Esq.
[P.l
1. Gippsland, Victoria. F. A. 'Philbrick, Esq. [P.] .
Strepera melanoptera, Gould.
Strepera arguta, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 171 (1865) [part.].
Strepera melanoptera, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 61 (1877);
North, Nests 8f Eggs Birds Austr. p. 56 (1889); Campbell, Nests $
Eggs Austr. Birds, i. p. 61 (1901) ; North, Nests fy Eggs Birds
Austr. i. p. 12, pi. B i. fig. 10 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 629
(1909) [part.] ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 364 (1910).
Four eggs of the Black-winged Crow-Shrike are similar to those
of S. graculina, all having the same markings and ground-colour of
greyish-pink. Three measure respectively: 1'66 by 1*2; 1-63 by
1-18; and 1-62 by 1-10.
1. South Australia. Gould Coll.
1. South Australia. Gould Coll.
2. South Australia. Gould Coll.
Strepera plumbea, Gould.
Strepera anaphonensis, Gould (nee Temm.), Handb. Birds Austr. i.
p. 173 (1865).
Strepera plumbea, Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 60 (1877) ; North,
Nests % Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 16 (1901); Sharpe, Hand-l. v.
p. 630 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat. Eiersamml. p. 364 (1910).
Strepera cuneicaudata plumbea, Campbell, Nests fy Eggs Austr. Birds,
i. p. 60, pi. (1901).
Eggs of the Leaden Crow-Shrike have the ground-colour gene-
rally darker than in S. graculina, and vary from pale reddish-
brick-colour or dull pinkish-grey to darker brownish-red ; the
markings are the same, and one egg has a black hair-line as in
S. aryuta. In one specimen from [W. Australia], believed to
be of this species, the markings are concentrated in a broad zone
510 STREPERID^l.
round the larger end. They vary in length from 1'52 to 1'Tl, and
in breadth from 1-17 to 1-2.
2. West Australia. Gould Coll.
1. [West Australia.] Crowley Bequest.
1. West Australia. T. Carter, Esq. [C.].
1. Swan River, W. Australia, Nov. Crowley Bequest.
(Rev. G. J. Bostock : Tristram
Coll.).
Strepera intermedia, Sharpe.
Strepera intermedia, Sharpe, Cut. Birds B. M. iii. p. 59 (1877) ; North,
Pr. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) ii. p. 405 (1887) ; North, Nests $ Eugs
Birds Austr. p. 56 (1889) ; Campbell Nests 8c Eggs Amtr. Birds.
i. p. 62 (1901).
Strepera fusca, Ashby, Emu, v. p. 27 (1905) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 630
(1909).
Two eggs of Sharpe's Crow-Shrike are similar to those of
S. graculina, the ground-colour being pale greyish-pink in both
specimens ; the markings are moat numerous towards the smaller
end. They measure respectively: 1-55 by 1*25 and 1'62 by 1'21.
There can be no doubt that S. fusca, Ashby, from York Peninsula,
is synonymous wiih S. intermedia, Sharpe, from Port Lincoln; and
that the latter is quite distinct from 8, melanoptera, Gould, with
which Sharpe himself has united it in his Hand-list.
2. York Peninsula, South Australia, Crowley Bequest.
14th Oct. (A. J. North).
Strepera fuliginosa (Gould).
Strepera fuliginosa, Gould, Handb. Birds Austr. i. p. 170 (1865) ;
Sharpe, Cat. Birds B. M. iii. p. 61 (1877) ; North, Nests $ Eggs
Birds Austr. p. 57 (1889) ; Campbell, Nests $ Egys Austr. Birds, i.
p. 62 (1901); North, Nests fy Eggs Birds Austr. i. p. 17, pi. B i.
tig. 11 (1901) ; Sharpe, Hand-l. v. p. 630 (1909) ; Nehrk. Kat.
Eiersamml. p. 364 (1910).
Five eggs of the Sooty Crow-Shrike resemble those of S. gracu-
lina, but all are of a rather more elongate oval shape and distinctly
pointed towards the smaller end. The ground varies from pinkish-
cream-colour and greyish-pink to pale brick-colour. In the paler
eggs the umber-brown and lilac-grey markings are somewhat
faint, while the darker eggs from King Island are more strongly
and densely marked and show traces of black hair-lines round
the larger end. North assures us that S. fuliginosa is the species
found on the Islands in Bass Strait, and that it is especially
common on the shores of King Island. They measure respectively :
1-88 by 1-12; 1-82 by L-24 ; 1-8 by 1'25; 175 by 1-12; and 1-7
by 1-16.
2. King Island, Bass Strait, 18th Crowley Bequest.
Sept. (A. J. North).
1. Tasmania (E. P. Seymour). Crowley Bequest.
1. Tasmania (Hinsby Coll.). Crowley Bequest.
1. Tasmania. Gould Coll.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
abbas (Tanagra), 307.
abeillei (Orcbesticus),
316.
abyssinica (Galerida),
142.
abyssinicus (Hypbant-
ornis), 351.
abyssinicus (Ploceus),
351.
Acantbocbaera, 54.
Acantbogenys, 55.
Acantborhyncbus, 35.
acik (Chalcomitra), 24.
acik (Cinnyris), 24.
Acridotheres, 413.
aororbyncbus (Oriolus),
430.
actia (Otocoris), 120.
actia (Otocorys), 120.
acuticauda (Munia),
337.
acuticauda (Poepbila),
341.
acuticauda (Uroloncba),
337.
acuticaudus (Anumbius),
375, 377.
adamsi (Alaudula), 131.
adoxa (Spermopbila),
164.
adsimilis (Buchanga),
441.
^gintba, 340.
jElurcedus, 452.
senea (Cbaptia), 439.
seneus (Callothrus), 373.
seneus (Molotbrus), 372,
373.
seneus (Quiscalus), 398.
seneus (Tangarius), 373.
aestiva (Dendrceca), 62,
63.
sestiva (Dendroica), 62.
aestiva (Pyranga), 311.
sestiva (Sylvia), 62.
./Etbiopsar, 415.
jEtkopyga, 14.
afer (Cinnyris), 23.
afer (Dicrurus), 441.
affinis (Corvus), 474.
affinis (Cyanocorax),
498.
affinis (Euphonia), 300.
affinis (Icterus), 389.
affiuis (Mimeta), 433.
affinis (Mirafra), 136.
affinis (Oriolus), 433.
affinis (Pardalotus), 10.
affinis (Rhinocorax),
474.
afra (Cinnyris), 23.
afra (Pyromelana), 322.
af'ricana (Alauda), 111.
africana (Carduelis),
1"Q
10.
africana (Fringilla), 175.
africana (Mirafra), 136.
Agelasus, 378.
agile (Piprisoma), 12.
agilis (Pipastes), 92.
aglffius (Quiscalus), 398.
Agropsar, 411.
Aidemosyne, 339.
aignani (Zosterops), 5.
Ala3inon, 112.
Alario, 210.
alario (Alario), 210.
alascensis (Budytes), 86.
alascensis (Motacilla),
86.
Alauda, 125.
Alaudida;, 111.
alaudina (Fringilla),
289.
alaudinus (Passe rcul us),
263.
alaudinus (Pbrygilus),
289.
alaudipes (Alaemon),
112.
Alaudula, 131.
alba (Motacilla), 74, 75.
alberti (Craspedopbora),
447.
alberti (Ptilorhis), 447.
albicinctus (J^tbiopsar),
416.
albicollis (Saltator), 171.
albicollis (Zonotrichia),
275.
albifrons (Amblyospiza),
365.
albifrona (Glycipbila),
36.
albigula (Eremopbila),
118.
albigula (Otocorys), 118.
albigula (Pipilo), 285.
albigularis (Oonopo-
phila), 37.
albigularis (Entomo-
phila), 37.
albigularis (Melitbrep-
tes), 32.
albigularis (Melithrep-
tus), 32.
albigularis (Poliospiza),
211, 212.
albigularis (Serinus),
211.
albilateralis (Diglossa),
298.
albitempora (Chloro-
spingus), 315.
albitemporalis (Cbloro-
spingus), 315.
albocinctus (JEthiopsar),
416.
albofasciata (Certhi-
lauda), 112.
albogularis (Orithagra),
211.
albogularis (Meliphaga),
albogularis (Melitbrep-
tus), 32.
algeriensis (Ammo-
manes), 146.
aliena (Sitagra), 353.
alien us (Hyphanturgus),
353.
512
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
alienus (Ploceus), 353.
alleni (Pipilo), 284.
alpestris (Alauda), 115.
alpestris (Eremophila),
114, 115,116, 117.
alpestris (Otocoris),
115.
alpestris (Otocorys), 114,
115.
alpestris (Pbilereruos),
115.
alpicola (Montifringilla).
193.
alpina (Citrinella), 180.
alpinus (Pyrrbocorax),
506.
altera (Manucodia), 450.
Amadina, 329.
amandava (Sporaegin-
thus), 332.
amantuin (Erythrospiza),
195.
Amauresthes, 326.
Amblycercus, 371.
Amblyornis, 451.
Amblyospiza, 365.
Amblyrhamphus, 382.
americana (Oorone),
471.
americana (Euspiza),
260.
americana (Parula), 61.
americana (Spiza), 260.
americanus (Corvus),
468, 471, 472.
amethystina (Cbalco-
mitra), 25.
amethystina (Cinnyris),
25.
amethystinus (Cinnvris),
25.
ammodendri (Passer),
209.
Ammodromus, 264.
Atnmomanes, 145.
amoena (Cyanospiza),
281.
amoena (Passerina), 281.
Ampbispiza, 266.
amplus (Carpodacus),
223.
analoga (Ptilotis), 41,
42.
anaphonensis (Strepera),
509.
andamanensis (Disse-
muroides), 445.
andamanensis (Oriolus),
430.
andamanensis (Poli-
opsar), 407.
andamanensis (Spodiop-
sar), 407.
andamanensis (Sturnia),
407.
andamanica (Aracb-
nechthra), 26.
andamanica (Cinnyris),
26.
andamanicus (Cinnyris),
26.
andamanicus (Cyrto-
stomus), 26.
anderssoni(Tephrocorys),
124.
Anellobia, 55.
anglica (Loxia), 224.
angoleusis (Estrilda),
345.
angolensis (Uraeginthus),
345.
annectens (Disrurus),
435.
annuloea (Zosterops), 3.
anoxantba (Loxigilla),
160.
anoxantha (Spermo-
phila), 160.
anoxanthus (Loxigilla),
160.
anoxanthus(Loxiipasser),
160.
anoxantbus (Loxipasser),
160.
Antbornis, 50.
Antbotbreptes, 30.
Antbus, 89.
Annmbius, 375, 377.
Apbelocoma, 496.
Aplonis, 419.
apoda (Paradisea), 448.
approximans (Euplectes),
approximans (Pyro-
melana), 321.
aquaticus (Antbus), 104.
Arachnecbtbra, 17.
Aracbnothera, 29.
arborea (Alauda), 143.
arborea (Lullula), 143.
arboreus (Antbus), 89.
arboreus (Dendro-
nantbus), 89.
arboreus (Passer), 203.
arctoa (Lecosticte), 194,
arctoa (Montifringilla),
194.
arctous (Montifringilla),
194.
arcuata (Emberiza), 234.
arcuata (Fringilla), 207.
arcuatus (Passer), 207.
ardens (Coliopasser),
317.
ardens (Coliostrutbus),
317.
ardens (Coliuspasser),
317.
ardens (Penthetria),
317.
ardens (Vidua), 317.
arenacea (Spizella), 272.
arenicola (Galerida),
140.
arenicolor(Ammomanes),
147.
argenticeps (Pbileraon),
57.
argenticeps (Tropido-
r by neb us), 57.
arguta (Strepera), 508,
509.
arizoriae (Astragalinus),
184.
arizonae (Cbrysomitria),
184.
arizonae (Spizella), 271.
arnaudi (Nigrita), 323.
arnaudi (Philaeterus),
323.
arnaudi (Pbiletairus),
323.
arnaudi (Pseudonigrita),
323.
A.rremon, 291.
Arretnonops, 286.
aruensis (Ptilotis), 42.
arundinacea (Scboeni-
cola), 230.
arvensis (Alauda), 125,
126, 127.
arvensis (Sycalis), 218.
asiatica (Aracbnecbtbra),
17.
asiatica (Cinnyrifi), 17.
asiaticus (Cinnyris), 17.
aspasias (Oinnyris), 19.
aspasioides (Cinnyris),
20.
aspasioides (Hermo-
timia), 20.
assamica (Mirafra), 136.
assimilis (Buchanga),
441.
Astragalinus, 183.
Astrapia, 448.
astrild (Estrelda), 344.
ast.rilda (Estrilda), 344.
at«r (Dicrurus), 440.
ater (Manu( odia). 450.
ater (Molotbrus), 373.
aterrimus (Curaeus),
384.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
513
aterriraus (Platysnmrus),
489.
Atlapetes, 292.
atra (Buchanga), 439,
440.
atra (Manucodia), 450,
475.
atrata, (fVrtliiola\ 296.
utrala (Chrysomitris),
179.
ntrata (Ooereba), 290.
n trains (Spinus), 179.
atricapilla (Calliste),
303.
atricapilla (Calospiza),
303.
atricapilla (Mania), 334,
335.
atricapillus (Garrulus),
491,492.
atricMpillus (Melithrep-
tes), 31.
atriceps (Melipotes). 39.
atriceps (Saltator), 'l69.
atricollis (Ortygospiza),
327.
atrifusca (Aplonis), 420.
atrifusca (Sturnoides),
420.
atrigula (Ploceus), 364.
atrigularis (Spizella),
272.
atrocastaneus (Ostinops),
369.
atrogularis (Spizella),
272.
atropvgialis (Pocphila),
342.
auduhoni (Icterus), 392.
aulaudipes (Certhilauda),
112.
auranteiventris (Chloris),
151.
auranteiventris (Liguri-
nus), 151.
aurantiaca (Setopbaga),
72.
aurantiacus (Myioborus).
72.
aurantiirostris (Arre-
raon), 292.
aurantiirostris (Saltator),
171.
aurantius (Hyphantor-
nis), 349.
aurantius (Hyphantur-
gus), 349, 350.
aurantius (Ploceus),
349.
aurantius (Xantho-
philus), 350.
VOL. V.
auratus (Hartlaubius),
419.
aurca (Fringilla), 358.
auroillava (Sitagra),
359.
auivillavus (TTyphantor-
nis), 359.
aureiventer (Zosterops),
aureiventris (Pseudo-
chloris), 288.
aureoflavus (Ploceus),
359.
aureoflavus (Xantho-
philus), 359.
aureola (Emberiza),
237.
aureola (Euspiza), 237.
aureola (Hypocentor),
237.
aurieapilla (Sitagra),
357.
auricapillus (Ploceus\
357.
auricapillus (Siurus),
67.
auricomis (Ptilotis), 45.
auricrissa (Sporo-
thraupis), 308.
aurifrons (Serinus), 217.
Auripasser, 211.
aurocapillus (Seiurus),
67.
aurora (Oinnyris), 28.
aurora (Cyrtostomus),
28.
australasiana (Lichraera),
48.
australasiana (Meliornis),
48.
australis (Alauda), 128.
australis (Anthus), 109.
australis (Corone), 460.
australis (Con^us), 460.
australis (Eremopteryx),
148.
australis (Nectarinia),
27.
australis (Pyrrhulauda),
148.
axillaris (Penthetria),
318.
axillaris (Urobrachya),
318.
axillaris (Vidua), 318.
azara; (Saltator), 171.
bactviana (Pica>, 478.
badius (Molotlirus), 375,
377.
iKrficn (Alaudula), 132.
baleanica (Ereinophila),
117.
baleanica (Otocoris),
117.
balcaiiica (Otocorys),
117.
bait i more (Icterus), 388.
barbadensis (Loxigilla),
160.
barbadensis (Pyrrliu-
lagra), 1(50.
barbata (Cbrysomitris),
181.
barbatus (Spinus), 181.
bartbolemica (Dendrcsca),
63.
ba^lanica (Zosterops), 4.
Basileuterus, 73.
batesi (Melirrhopbetes),
39.
Batbilda, 341.
baya (Ploceus), 363.
beecheii (Cissolopba),
502.
beecheii (Xanthura),
501.
beecbeyi (Cissolopba),
501.
beecbeyi (Cyanolyca),
501.
bella (J^tbopyga), 16.
belli (Arnpbispiza), 266,
bellicosa (Sturnella),
385.
bellicosa (Trupialis),
385.
bellus (Zonaeginthus),
330.
bengalensis (Ploceus),
364.
bengalus (Uraeginthus),
345.
bertheloti (Anthus), 102,
103.
Bhringa, 446.
biarcuatum (Melozone),
285.
biarcuatum (Pyrgisoma),
285.
bichenovii (Stictoptera),
331.
bicolor (Calamospiza),
259.
bicolor (Euethia), 165,
166.
b'color (Lamprctornis),
426.
bicolor (Pbonipara),
165.
2L
514
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
bicolor (Spermophila),
166.
bicolor (Spreo), 426.
bicolor (Sycobrotus),
347.
bicornis (Eremophila),
118.
bicornis (Otocoris), 118.
bicornis (Otocorys), 118.
bidentata (Piranga),
312.
bidentata (Pyranga),
312.
bifasciata (Alauda), 112.
bifasciata (Loxia), 225.
bilineata (Amphispiza),
266.
bilineata (Poospiza), 266.
bilineata (Spindalis),
308.
bilopha (Eremopbila),
116.
bilopha (Otocoris), 116.
bilopha (Otocorys), 116.
bimaculala (Melano-
corypha), 122.
bispecularis (Grarrulus),
493.
bispecularis (Larapro-
colius), 425.
blakistoni (Anthus), 104.
blythi (Amydrus), 424.
blythi (Onycognathus),
424.
blythii (Poliopsar), 408.
blythii (Spocliopsar), 408.
blythii (Sturnia), 408.
boarula (Motacilla), 81 .
bqjeri (Hyphantornis),
359.
bojeri (Ploceus), 359.
bojeri (Sitagra), 359.
boieri (Xanthophilus),
359.
bonariensis (Icterus),
374.
bonariensis (Molothrus),
276, 277, 374. 377.
bonariensis (Tanagra),
308.
borealis (Budytes), 86.
borealis (Fringilla), 189,
192.
borealis (Motacilla), 86.
borneensis (Chibia), 438.
borneensis (Dicruropsis),
438.
bracliydactyla (Alauda),
129, 132,
brachydactyla (Calan-
drella), 129, 130.
brachydactyla (Carpo-
spiza), 199.
brachydactyla (Petronia),
199.
brachyptera (Sitagra),
349.
brachypterus (Hyphan-
turgus), 349.
brachypterus (Ploceus),
349.
brachypterus (Sym-
plectes), 349.
brachyrhynchos(Corvus),
471,472.
brachyrhynchus(Corvus),
471.
Brachyspiza, 275, 375.
brachyura (Galerida),
141.
brachyurus (Anthus),
93.
bracteata (Chibia), 437.
bracteata (Dicruropsis),
437.
brandti (Eremophila),
116.
brandti (Grarrulus),
492.
brandti (Otocorys), 116.
brasilius (Rharnpho-
celus), 309.
brasilius (Rhampho-
coelus), 309.
brevirostris (Acanthis),
187.
brevirostris (Aplonis),
420.
brevirostris (Chibia),
436.
brevirostris (Linaria),
187.
brevirostris (Linota),
187.
brevirostris (Melithrep-
tes), 33.
brevirostris (Melithrep-
tus), 33.
breweri (Spizella), 273.
britannica (Carduelis),
177.
britannicus (Acanthis),
177.
brunneiceps (Lagono-
sticta), 327, 328.
brunneiceps (Munia),
335.
brunneinucha (Buarre-
mon), 293.
Buarremon, 293.
buceroides (Philemon),
57.
buceroidea (Tropido-
rhynchus), 57.
buchanani (Emberiza),
244.
Buchanga, 439.
bullocki"(Icteru8), 389.
burmanicus (Poliopsar),
407.
burmanicus(Spodiopsar),
407.
burmannica (Sturnia),
407.
butyraceus (Serinus),
215.
cabanisi (Hyphantornis),
355.
cabanisi (Ploceus), 355.
cabaret (Acanthis), 191.
cabaret (Carduelis), 191.
Cacicus, 369.
caerulea (Gruiraca), 147.
caerulea (Urocissa), 484.
caerulescens (Buchanga),
444.
caerulescens (Dendrceca),
63.
cserulescens (Dendroica),
63.
caerulescens (Dicrurus),
444.
caerulescens (Digloss-
opsis), 298.
casrulescens (Saltator),
171.
caerulescens (Spermo-
phila), 162.
caerulescens (Sporophila),
162.
caerulescens (Zosterops),
6.
caeruleus (Cyanocorax),
499.
caesia (Emberiza), 244.
caffer (Amydrus), 423.
caffer (Anthus), 97.
caffer (Onychoguathus),
423.
caffer (Pyrrhocheira),
423.
cafFra (Fringilla), 358.
caffra (Pyrrhocheira),
423.
caffra (Pyrrochira),
423.
caffra (Sitagra), 423.
cajennensis (Icterus),
390.
Calamospiza, 259.
calandra (Alauda), 121.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
515
calandra (Emberiza),
250.
calandra (Melano-
cnrypha), 121.
OalandrelU, 129.
C.-ilcarius, 256.
Calendula, 144.
eal i torn ica(Aphelocoma),
406.
call fora icus (Carpo-
dacus), 221.
Calocfeta, 488.
Calospiza, 301.
calvus (Saroops), 417.
campestris (Agro-
dromas), 96.
campestris (Anthus), 95,
06.
campestris (Corydalla),
06.
campestris (Euneornis),
297.
campestris (Motacilla),
84, 85.
cana (Tanagra), 305.
canadensis (Cractes), 495.
canadensis (Myiodioctes),
71.
car.adensis (Perisoreus),
49ft.
canadensis (Pinicola),
229.
canadensis (Sylvia), 71.
canadensis (Wilson ia), 71.
canaria (Fringilla), 216.
canaria (Serinus), 178,
216.
canariensis (Corvus), 457.
canariensis (Friugilla),
175.
canarius (Serinus), 216,
217.
canescens (Acanthis),
192.
canescens (Fringilla).
189.
canescens (Linota), 189.
canicauda "(Cardinalis),
168.
canicaudus (Cardinalis),
168.
caniceps (Junco), 2G9.
caniceps (Munia), 335.
canicollis (Crithagra),
213.
canicollis (Serinus),
213.
cannabina (Acanthis),
188, 189.
cannabina (Carduelis),
188.
cannabina (Fringilla),
188.
cannabiim. (Linaria), 188.
cannabina { 'Linota \ LSS.
canonicus (Serinus), 217.
canorus (Cuculus), 85,
100, 102, 139, 155,
174, 176, 187, 217,
227, 231, 237, 240,
246, 249, 251.
cantans (Aidemosyne),
340.
cantans (Habropyga),
340.
cantans (Uroloncba),
340.
cantillans(Mirafra), 135.
cantor (Calornis), 419.
cantoroidcs (Aplonis),
419.
capellana (Corone), 467.
capellanus (Corvus),
467.
capensis (Alauda), 111.
capensis (Brachyspiza),
275.
capensis (Certhilauda),
111.
capensis (Corvus), 454.
capensis (Euplectes),
321.
capensis (Fringillaria),
251.
capensis (Heterocorax),
454.
capensis (Hyphantornis),
358.
capensis (Macronyx),
110.
capensis (Motacilla), 80.
capensis (Orynx), 321.
capensis (Ploceus), 358.
capensis (Pyromelana),
321.
capensis (Sitagra), 358.
capensis (Xantbophilus),
358.
capensis (Zosterops), 3.
capital ba (Ainblyospiza),
366.
carbonaria (Cbibia), 438.
carbonaria (Dicruropsis),
438.
Cardinalis, 168.
cardinalis (Cardinalis),
168.
cardinalis (Hypbantica),
324.
cardinalis (Quelea), 324.
Carduelis, 177.
carduelis (Acantbis), 177.
carduelis (Carduelis),
177, 178.
carduelis (Fringilla),
177.
carneipes (Mycerobas),
1 85.
carneipes (Pycnorbam-
plms), 155.
carnivorus (Corvus),
450.
carolinus (Euphagus),
395.
carolinus (Scoleco-
phagus), 395.
Carpodacus, 219.
Carpospiza, 199.
carunculata (Acantbo-
cbasra), 54.
carunculata (Antho-
chaera), 54.
carunculata (Creato-
phora), 409, 410.
carunculata (Ptilotis), 40.
carunculatus (Creadion),
427.
carunculatus (Dilopbus),
409.
carunculatus (Perissor-
nis), 409.
caryocatactes(Nucifraga),
476.
caspius (Garrulus), 491.
Cassiculus, 371.
Cassidix, 371.
cassini (Aimophila), 265.
casfini (Carpodacus),
221.
cassini (Haemophila),
265.
cassini (Molothrus), 376.
cassini (Peucaea), 265.
castaneiceps (Buarre-
mon), 292.
castaneiceps (Emberiza),
248.
castaneiceps (Lysurus),
292.
castaneofusca (Cinna-
mopteryx), 351.
castaneofusca (Hyphan-
tornis), 351.
castaneofusca (Ploceus),
351.
castaneofusca (Melano-
pteryx), 351.
castanops (Hyphan-
tornis), 361.
castanops (Ploceus), 361.
castanops (Sitagra), 361.
castanops (Xantbo-
philus), 361.
2L2
516
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
castanotis (Ta?niopygia),
331.
caucasicus (Sturnus), 405.
caudacutus (Ammodro-
mus), 264.
caudata (Pica), 476,
479.
caurina (Corone), 468.
cuurinus (Agelaeus), 379.
caurinus (Agelaius). 379.
caurinus (Corvus), 468,
472.
cayana (Oalliste), 302.
cayana (Calospiza), 302.
cayanensis (Icterus), 390.
ceeilte (Corvus), 460.
celata (Helminth ophaga),
60.
celata (Helrninthophila),
60.
celata (Vermivora), 60,
61.
Certhilauda, 111.
Certhionyx, 38.
cervicalis (Garrulns), 493.
cervinus (Antlius), 101.
ceylonensis (Zosterops\
8.
Chalcomitra, 24.
Chalooparia, 31.
Ohalcostetha, 14.
chalybseus (Cinnyris), 24.
chalybea (Calornis), 422.
chalybea (Cinnyris), 24.
chalybea (Lamprocorax),
422.
cbalybeius (Caloruis),
422.
chalybeus (Cinnyris),
24.
chalybeus (Lampro-
colius), 422.
Cbaptia, 439.
cbeeleensis (Alaudula),
132.
cbeleensis (Alaudula),
132.
cheleensis (Calandrella),
132.
cbendoola (Galeridaj,
141.
Chereophilus, 113.
Chibia, 436.
chinehsis (Cissa), 488.
cbinensis (Oriolus), 430.
Chlamydodera, 452.
chloris (Anthus), 89.
chloris (Cbloris), 149,
151.
cbloris (Cblorospiza),
149.
chloris (Coccothraustes),
149.
chloris (Fringilla), 149.
chloris (Ligurinus), 149.
chloronota (Ember-
nagra), 286.
chloronotus (Arremo-
nops), 286.
chloronotus (Zosterops),
2.
chloropsis (Melithrep-
tus), 31.
Chlorospingus, 315.
cblorotica (Chloris),
151.
chlorotica (Cblorospiza),
151.
chlorotious (Ligurinus),
151.
chlorura (Oreospiza),
282.
chlorurus (Atlapetes),
282.
chlorurus (Pipilo), 282.
Chondesfes, 2tiO.
chopi (Aphobus), 402.
chopi (Aptus), 402.
chopi (Gnorimopsar),
402.
christianae (Cinnyris),
20.
cbristiana5(Hermotinria),
20.
chryseola (Wilsonia),
71.
chrysopareia(Dendroica),
64.
chrysoparia (Dendrceca),
64.
chrysophrys (Calospiza),
801.
chrysophrys (Emberiza).
235.
chrysops (Cyanocorax),
498.
chrysops (Myioborus),
73.
chrysops (Ptiloto's), 43.
chrysops (Setophaga), 73.
chrysoptera (Anellobia).
55.
chrysopyga (Crithagra),
^jJ-D.
chrysorrhoeum (Dica3um),
9.
chrysotis (Ptilotis), 42,
47.
chrysotis (Xanthotis),
. 47.
cia (Emberiza), 246. 247.
cincta (Poephila), 342.
cinctura (Ammomanes),
147.
cineraceus (Poliopsar),
406.
cineraceus (Spodiopsar),
406.
cineraceus (Sturnus),
406.
cinerapcens (Dendro-
citta), 487.
cinerea (Estrilda), 344.
cinerea (Glaucopis), 504.
cinerea (Habropyga),
344.
cinerea (Melospiza), 277,
279.
cinerea (Struthidea), 503.
cinerea (Tephrocorys),
124.
cinereicapilla (Motacilla)
87.
cinereigulare (Dicseinn),
9.
cinereocapilla (Mota-
cilla), 87.
cinereus ( Junco), 269.
cinnamomea (Passer),
206.
Cinnyris, 20.
cioides (Emberiza), 247,
248.
ciopsis (Emberiza), 248.
ciris (Cyanospiza), 281.
ciris (Passerina), 281.
cirlus (Emberiza), 242.
cisalpinus (Passer), 205.
Cissa, 488.
Cissolopba, 501.
cilrea (Protonotaria), 60.
citreigularis (Philemon),
58.
citreogularis (Philemon),
58.
citreogularis (Tropido-
rhynchus), 58.
citreola (Budytes), 83.
citreola (Motacilla), 83.
citreoloides (Motacilla),
84.
citrinella (Acanthis),
181.
citrinella (Carduelis),
181.
citrinella (Chrysomitris'),
180.
citrinella (Emberiza),
238.
citrinella (Fringilla), 180.
citrinellus (Spinus), 180,
181.
clara (Motacilla), 80.
A LI' 1 L A B ET1C A L I X I) I •: X .
dementis (Carpodacus), comix (Corvus), 464, 466,
clot-bey (Rkampliocorys),
114.
Coccopygia, 330.
Coccotliraustes, !.">.').
coccotliruustes (Cocco-
tliruustes), 153.
coecothraustes (Frin-
gilla), 153.
cockburnitB (Anthus), 94.
corkerelli (Phi lemon). 58.
coelebs (Fringilla), 172.
coelestis (Tanagra), 3U5.
ccelivox (Alauda), 129.
Coereba, 294.
<Ju-ivl>i(l;v. 21)4.
Goliostruthu'8, 317.
collaris (Anthodiseta),
30.
Collaris (Anthothreptes),
30.
collaris (Coloeus), 474.
collaris (Corvus), 474.
collaria (Nectarinia), 30.
colliei (Calocilta), 488.
Coloeus, 472.
colonibiana (Chryso-
initris), 185.
colombianus (Astra-
galinus), 185.
columbiana (Cliryso-
initris), 185.
concolor (Dicagum), 9.
confinis (Pooecetes), 262.
conirostris (Arreiuonops),
28G.
con i n ijtris (Culandrella),
125.
conirostris (Spizocorvs),
- 125.
Conirostrurn, 299.
Conopophila, 37.
contra (Sturnopastor),
408.
cooki (Cyaoopica), 481,
482.
cooki (Oyanopolius), 481.
corax (Curvus), 455, 457,
459.
Corcorax, 506.
corinna (lierrnotirnia),
19.
corinnre (Cinnyris), 19.
cornioulata (Aleliphaga),
57.
coruiculatus (Philemon),
57.
corniculatus (Tropido-
rhynchus), 57.
comix (Coroue), 464.
coronata (Cyanocitta),
496.
I'oronata (Dendroeca), H4.
coronata (Dendroica), 64.
coronata (Sylvia), (54.
coronatus (Basileulertis),
73.
coronatus (Tachypho-
nus). 314.
corone (Corone), 407.
corone (Oorvus), 467,
468.
coronoides (Corvus), 400.
coi'rendera(Antbus), 107,
375.
Corvidae, 453.
corvina (Spermophila),
164.
corvina (Sporopbila),
164.
Corvultur, 472.
Corvus, 453, 455.
costaricensis (Rampho-
ccelus), 310.
costaricensis (Rhampho-
coelus), 310.
Coturniculus, 263.
Cractes, 494.
Craspedophora, 447.
crassirostris (xilauda),
144.
crassirostris (Calendula),
144.
crassirostris (Oryzo-
borus), 158.
crassirostris (Quiscalns),
401.
cratitia (Ptilotis), 45.
Creadion, 427.
Creatophora, 409.
crissalis (Pipilo), 285.
cristata (Alauda), 138.
cristata (Cyanocitta),
495.
cristata (Galerida), 138,
140.
cristata (Galerita), J38,
139.
cristata (Guberuatrix),
291.
cristatellus (Acrido-
theres), 416.
cristatellus (jEthiopsar),
416.
cristatus (Corvus), 495.
cristatus (Corydus),
138.
cristatus (Cyanocitta),
495.
croceus (Astragal in us),
184, 185.
croceus (Macronyx), 111.
crocopygia (Poliosj)i/,.i i,
212.
crocopygius (Serinus),
212.
cruentatura (Dicaeum), 7.
cruentus(Rhodospii)gu8),
290.
Orypsirhina, 4S7.
cryptoleucus (Corvus),
459.
cucullata (Calliste), 302.
cucullata (Calospiza),
302.
cucullata (Fringilla), 290.
cucullata (Geothlypis),
69.
cucullata (Loxia), 290.
cucullata (Paroaria), 290,
291.
cucullata (Spermestes),
325.
cucullatus (Hyphantor-
nis), 352.
cucullatus (Icterus), 392,
393.
cucullatus (Ploceus), 352.
cucullatus (Spermestes),
325.
Cuculus, 85, 100, 102,
139, 155, 174, 176,
187,217,227,231,237,
240, 246, 249, 251.
culmiuat us (Corvus), 461.
cuneicaudata (Strepera),
509.
cupreus (Cinnyris), 20.
Curseus, 384.
curvirostra ^Loxia), 223,
224, 225.
cyana (Cyanopica), 480.
cyauea (Cyanopica), 480.
cyanea (Cyanospi/a),
281.
cyanea (Passerina), 281.
cyanescens (Calliste), 303.
cyaneus (Corvus), 481.
cyanocephala (Tanagra),
308.
cyanocepbalus (Eupha-
gus), 396.
cyanocephalus (Scoleco-
phagus), 396.
Cyanocitta, 495.
Cyanocompsa, 158.
Cyanocorax, 498.
cyanogastra (Mariposa),
346.
Cyanopolius, 480.
518
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
cyanoptera (Calliste),
303.
eyaiioptera (Calospiza),
303.
cyanoptera (Tanagra),
305.
cyanotis (Aphelocoma),
497.
cyanotis (Entornyza), 56.
cyan us (Cyanopica), 480,
481.
cvanus (Cyanopolius),
* 480, 481.
Cvrtostomus, 26.
dabryi (JEthopyga), 16.
damarensis (AUemon),
113.
damarensis (Mirafra),
135.
damarensis (Uraegin-
thus), 346.
dauuricus (Coloeus), 474.
dauuricus (Corvus), 474.
debilis (Passer), 206.
decumanus (Icterus), 368.
decuinanus (Oetinops),
368, 369.
defilippi (Trupialis),
385.
Dendranthus, 89.
Dendrocitta, 484.
Dendrceca, 62.
dentata (Petronia), 197.
deserti (Alauda), 146.
deserti (Ainmomanes),
146.
deserticola (Ampbispiza),
266.
desertorum (Alsemon),
113.
desertorum (Alauda),
112.
desertorum (Certhi-
lauda), 112.
deva (G-alerita), 137.
deva (Spizalauda), 137.
diademata (Pyrornelana),
320.
Diatropura, 316.
Dicaeidte, 7.
Dicaeum, 7.
Dicruridae, 435.
Dicruropsis, 437.
Dicrurus, 435.
diifusus (Oriolus), 429.
difFusus (Passer), 210.
Diglossa, 297.
Diglossopis, 298.
diinidiata (Sitagra), 354.
dimidiatus (Hyphan-
tornis), 353, 354.
dimidiatus (Eampho-
ccelus), 309.
dimidiatus (Rhampho-
coelus), 309.
discolor (Dendroeca), 65.
discolor (Dendroica), 65.
discolor (Molotbrus),
376.
Dissemuroides, 445.
Dissemurus, 446.
Diuca, 290.
diuca (Diuca), 290.
divaricata (Buchanga),
441.
Dives, 396.
dives (Dives), 396; 397.
dives (Lampropsar), 396.
Dolicbonyx, 372.
domestica (Fringilla),
201.
domestica (Passer), 202,
203.
domesticus (Passer), 201,
203.
dominicana (Certbiola),
296.
dominicana (Coereba),
296.
dominicana (Paroaria),
291.
dorsalis (Zosterops), 6.
dufresnei (Coccopygia),
330.
duf'resneii (Coocopygia),
330.
dufresneii (Estrelda),
330.
dufresneii (Neisna), 330.
duponti (Alauda), 114.
duponti (Certbilauda),
113.
duponti (Cbersopbilus),
113, 114.
Edolius, 445.
Eli»ocertbia, 25.
el*oprorus (Euarremon),
294.
elegans (Ammomanes),
147.
ele^ans (Carduelis), 177,
178.
elegans (Emberiza), 234.
elegantissima (Eupbo-
nia), 299.
elwesi (Eremopbila), 117.
elwesi (Otocons), 117.
elwesi (Otocorys), 117.
Emberiza, 230.
Emberizoides, 287.
Embernagra, 287.
emini (Auri passer), 211.
emini (Passer), 211.
emini (Sorella), 211.
Entomyza, 56.
enucleator (Corythus),
228.
enucleator (Fringilla),
228.
enucleator (Pinicolor),
228, 229.
enucleator (Pyrrhula),
228.
Eophona, 152.
episcopus (Tanagra), 304.
eremita (Graculus), 505.
Eremopteryx, 148.
erythrina (Carpodacus),
219.
erytbrina (Fringilla),
219.
erytbrinus (Carpodacus),
219.
erytbrocepbala (Ama-
dina), 329.
ervtbrocerius (Cinnyris),
21.
erytbrocblamys (Ammo-
manes), 147.
erytbropbtbalma (Pi-
pilo), 283.
erytbropbthalmus (Pi-
pilo), 283, 284.
erytbrops (Quelea), 324.
erythroptera (Mirat'ra),
136.
erythrorbyncha (Uro-
cissa), 483.
erythrorbyncbum (Di-
cjeum), 10.
Erythrospiza, 195.
Erytbrura, 343.
Estrilda, 344.
eucblorus (Auripasser),
211.
euchlorus (Passer), 211.
Eudrepanis, 17.
Euethia, 164.
Eulabes, 418.
Eulabetidae, 417.
Euneornis, 297.
Eupbagus, 395.
Euphonia, 299.
europsea (Pyrrbula), 226,
227.
everetti (Aracbnoraphis),
30.
everetti (Aracbnothera),
30.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
519
everetti (Zost crops), 4.
exilipes ^.Acanthis), 192.
exilipes (Linaria). I',*-',
exilipes (Linota), 192.
fallax (Melospiza), 278.
r;inio.sa (Ncctarinia), 13.
faroensis (Sturnus), 403,
404.
fascia! ;i (Amadina), 3 '29.
i'asciata (Melospi/,a), 277,
278.
feldeggi (Motacilla), 88.
IVmininus (llyphan-
toruis). 351.
ferr 11 i^ineus (Scoleco-
phagus), 395.
fischeri (Ily phantom is),
354.
fischeri (Ploceus), 354.
flammaxillaris (Arach-
nechthra), 26.
flam maxillarisf Cinnyris),
26.
flammaxillaris (Cyrto-
stomus), 26.
flanunea (Acanthis), 190,
191.
flauimea (Carduelis), 190.
flammiceps (Euplectes),
318.
flammiceps (Pyrome-
lana), 318.
fiammigerus (Rbampho-
coelus), 311.
flava (Budytes), 85, 86.
flava (Ereinophila), 115.
flava (Motacilla), 85, 86,
87, 88.
flava (Otocoris), 115.
llava (Otocorys), 115.
tiaveola (Certhiola), 295.
flaveola (Coereba), 295.
flaveola (Sycalis), 218.
flaveseens ^Serious), 215.
flavicans ( Foudia), 362.
flaviceps (Zosterops), 7.
flavicinctus (Oriolus),
432.
flavicollis (Gymnorhis),
198.
flavicollis (Passer), 198.
flavicollis (Petronia),
198.
flavicollis (Ptilotis), 43.
flavicrissus (Cassicus),
370.
flavidiventris (Spor-
scginthus), 332.
flavifrons (Zosterops), 6.
flavijrula (Manorhina),
53.
Aarigula (Myxantha)i 53.
llaviuMila ( I'clronia), 198.
flavigula (Ptilotis), 44.
fHvigularis (Ptilotis), 44.
flavipectus (Chlorospiu-
gus), 315.
flavirostris (Acanthis),
186.
flavirostris (Carduelis),
186.
flavirostris (Fringilla),
186.
flavirostris (Linaria), 186.
flavirostris (Linota), 186.
flavirostris (Urocissa),
483.
flaviventris (Emberiza),
235.
flaviventris (Motacilla),
81.
flaviventris (Serinus),
214.
flaviventris (Spheco-
theres), 435.
flavocincta (Mitneta),
432.
flavus (Agelaeus), 380.
flavus (Eudytes), 86.
flavus (Icterus),' 380.
flavus (Xantbostomus),
380.
floridana (Corone), 471.
floridanus (Corvus), 471.
florincola (Cyanocitta),
496.
fluckigeri (Passer), 205.
forficatus (Dicrurus),
445.
forficatus (Edolius), 445.
formosa (Oporornis), 66.
formosa (Stictospiza),
327.
formosus (Oporornis),
66.
fortirostris (Holoqtiis-
calus), 401.
fortirostris (Quiscalus),
401.
Foudia, 361.
franciscana (Pyro-
melana), 320.
franciscanus (Euplectes),
320.
fraterculus (Auimo-
i mines), 146.
frenata (Cinnyris), 27.
frenatus (Cinnyris), 27.
frenatus (Cyrtostoraus),
27.
172.
Fringillaria, 251.
Fringillidsr, 149.
fringilloides (Aiuau-
restbes), 326.
fringilloides (Sper-
mestes), 326.
frontalis (Carpodacus),
222.
frontalis (Deiidrocitta),
485.
frontalis (Pyrrbulauda),
149.
frugilegus (Corvus), 453,
454.
frngilegus (Trypano-
corax), 453.
fucata (Emberiza), 233,
234.
fuliginosa (Strepera),
510.
fulvifrons (Glycipbila),
36.
fulvifrons (Meliphaga),
36.
fumigata (Uroloncba),
338.
fumigatus (Melipotes),
39.
funereus (Oryzoborus),
159.
furcatus (Anthus), 107.
Furnarius, 376.
fusca (Cinnyris), 25.
fusca (Elieocertbia), 25.
fusca (Ptilotis), 42.
fusca (Strepera), 510.
f'uscans (Munia), 338.
fuscans (Uroloncha),
338.
fuscicapillus (Macro-
corax), 475.
fuscus (Acridotlieres),
415.
fuscus (^Ethiopsar), 415.
fuscus (Cinnyris), 25.
fuscus (Pipilo), 284, 285.
galbula (Hyphantornis),
360.
galbula (Icterus), 388.
galbula (Oriolus), 427.
galbula (Ploceus), 360.
galbula (Sitagra), 360.
galbula (Xantbophilus),
360.
galeata (Xanthura), 500.
Galerida, 138.
gambeli (Zonotrichia),
274.
520
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
garrula (Manorhina), 52.
garrula (Meliphaga), 51.
garrula (Myzantha), 51,
52.
Garrulus, 489.
gayi (Phrygilus), 288.
georgiana (Fringilla),
279.
georgiana (Melospiza),
279.
Geothlypis, 68.
ginginianus (Acrido-
tberes), 415.
giraudi (Icterus), 393,
giraudi (Otocons), 119.
giraudi (Otocorys), 119.
g'lthaginea (Erythro-
spiza), 195.
githagineus (Bucanetes),
195.
githagineus(Carpodacus),
195.
glandarius (Corvus),
489.
glandarius (Garrulus),
489, 490, 491, 492,
493.
glaucescens (Xantboura),
500.
glaucescens (Xanthura),
500.
Glaucopis, 504.
glaucovirens (Lampro-
colius), 424.
Glossiptila, 297.
Glyciphila, 36.
Gnonmopsar, 402.
godlewskii (Emberiza),
247.
gouldi (Anthus), 93.
gouldi (Zosterops), 2.
gouldias (jEtbopyga), 16.
gracilis (Ptilotisj, 41.
graculiiia (Strepera),
508.
Graculipica, 412.
Graculu=, 504.
graculus (Corvus), 504.
graculua (Fregilus), 604.
graculus (Graculus),
504.
graculus (Pyrrhocorax),
505, 506.
gratninea (Fringilla),
261.
gramineus (Poocsetes),
261.
gramiueus (Pooecetes),
261, 262.
graminaca (Chondestes),
260.
grammica (Chondestes),
260.
Granatellus, 70.
grandis (Acridotberes),
416.
grandis (JEthiopsar),
416.
grandis (Saltator), 170.
grayi (Ammomanes),
145.
gregalis (Sycobrotus),
347.
grenadensis (Pyrrhu-
lagra), 159.
grisea (Uiuca), 200.
grisea (Eremopteryx),
148.
grisea (Pyrrhulauda),
148.
grisea (Spermophila),
160.
grisea (Sporophila), 160.
griseinuclm (Leucosticte),
194.
griseinucha (Monti-
fringilla), 194.
griseonucba (Leuco-
stii-te), 194.
griseonucba (Monti-
fringilla), 194.
guatemalensis (Xan-
tboura), 501.
guatemalensis (Xan-
thura), 501.
guatemozinus (Gymno-
stinops), 368.
Gubernatrix, 291.
Guiraca, 157.
guiraburo (Pseudo-
leistes), 383.
guisei (Ptiloprora), 47.
gularia (Icterus), 394.
gularis (Melithreptes),
32.
gularis (Melitbreptus),
32.
gularis (Poliospiza), 202.
gulgula (Alauda), 1^7,
128,129.
gustavi (Antbus), 108.
guttata (Alauda), 128.
guttata (Calliste), 301.
guttata (Calospiza), 301.
guttata (Staganopleura),
329.
guttata (Steganopleura),
329.
guttural is (Atlapetes),
293.
gutturalis (Buarremon),
293.
gutturalis (Chalcomitra),
24, 25.
gutturalis (Cinnyris), 24.
gutturalis (Pbocnico-
thraupis), 313.
gutturalis (ISperniopbila),
163.
gutturalis (Sporopbila),
163.
gymnocephalus (Pica-
" thartes), 504.
Gyinuorbis, 198.
Gymuostinops, 368.
habessinicus (Ciunyris),
'21.
hsematostictum (Di-
C£Bum), 8.
Haeiuopbila, 265.
baeniorrbous (Cacicus),
370.
baemorrbous ''Cassicus),
370.
Haplospiza, 289.
harterti (Galerida), 142.
Hartlaubius, 419.
hasselti (Aracbnecbtbra),
19.
hasselti (Cinnyris), 19.
hasselti (Leptocoma), 19.
Hedydipua, 13.
heermanui (Melospiza),
278.
Helminthotherus, 59.
Hemispingus, 315.
Hermotimia, 19.
llesperiphona, 153.
hesperis (Corvus), 472.
Heterhypbantes, 348.
Heterocorax, 454.
hieiualis (Junco), 268.
himalayensis (Dendro-
citta), 486.
hinei (Alaudula), 131.
hippocrepis (Sturnella),
387.
hirundinacea(Euphonia),
300.
hirundinaceum (Di-
caeum), 8.
hi^paniolensis(Fringilla),
SSUo.
hispaniolensis (Passer),
205.
bispanus (Corvus), 456.
botlgsoni (Motaoilla), 78.
holboelli (Acanthis),
190.
holboelli (Linaria), 190.
Holoquiscalus, 401.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
521
hotoserioeus (Ambly-
rhau)phnt)iS82.
hofaemauni (Aoant his),
Jill'.
Imnu'inanni (Carduelis),
192.
boriKMimnni (Fringilla),
192.
hornemanni (Linaria),
11)1'.
liornemanni (Liuota),
192.
boruensis (Troglodytes),
876.
hor.-Iiehli (Mirafra), 134.
hortulana (Emberiza),
243.
hortulanus (Seriuus),
215,216.
hottentotta (Obibia),436.
hova (Alauda), 134.
hova (Mirafra), 134.
budsoni (Synallaxis),
376.
hudsonia (Pica), 470.
huiuii (Sturnus), 4U4.
Jjuiuilis (Podoces), 507.
hutLoni (Eniberiza), 244.
byemalis (Junco), 208.
Jlyparanthis, 182.
Hypargus, o27.
Hypbantornis, 351.
Hypbanturgug, 348.
Hypopyrrhus, 402.
bypoxantba (Zosterops),
ictera (Crithagra), 215.
Ictfria, 69.
icterica (Cbrysoniitris),
182.
ictericus (Spinus), 182.
Icterida?, 367,
rcteroce]$'ialu9 (Xantho-
tv|)lialus), 382.
icteroides (Perissospiza),
155.
icteroides (Pycno-
rhainphus), 155.
icteronotus (liharupho-
coelus), 311.
Icterus, 388.
icterus (feerinus), 215.
igneus (Cardinalis), 169.
ignicauda (^Ethopyga),
16.
iliaca( Fringilla), 280.
iliaca (Passerella), 280.
inapetuani (Fringillaria),
inauris (Aoanthoohtera),
66.
inauris (Antbocluvra),
55.
incus (Cyanocorax), 500.
incas (Xanthura), 500.
indica (Dendronanthus),
89.
indicua (Dendrantbus),
89.
indicus (Limonidromus),
89.
indicus (Oriolus), 429.
indicus (Passer), 203.
indicus (Sturnus), 404.
inexpectata (Sturuella),
387.
infaustuft (Cractes), 494.
infaustus (Perisoreus),
494.
inornatura (Dicaeum), 9.
inornatus (Aniblvorni.s),
451.
iusignis (Cbalcostetha),
14.
insolens (Corone), 470.
insolens (Corvus), 470.
insularis ( Fringilla ria).
252.
insularis (Otocoris), 119.
insularis (Otocorys),
119.
intercedens (Craspedo-
phora), 447.
intercedens (Ptilorbis),
447.
intermedia (Eulabes),
418.
intermedia (Sitagra),
355.
intermedia (Zonotricbia),
274.
intermedius (Hypban-
tornis), 355.
intermedius (Mainatus),
418.
involucratus (Tangarius),
372.
isabellina (Alauda), 141.
isabellina (Ammomanes),
146.
isabeliina (Galerita),
142.
isabellinus (Ammo-
manes), 14l'».
islandicus (Corvus), 456.
italise (Passer), 205.
jacapa (Ebauipbocelus),
310.
jacapa ("Rhamphocttlus),
310.
iacarina (Volatinia), 166.
jacarini ''Volatinia), 166,
167.
jacksoni (Hypbantornis),
353.
jacksoni (Ploceus), 353.
jacksoni (Sitagra), 353.
jagori (Munia), 334.
jalla (Sturnopastor), 408.
j imaica (Euphonia), 301 .
Jamaica (Pyrrbuphonia),
301.
jamaicensis (Corvus),
475.
jamaicensis (Holo-
quiscalus), 401.
jamaicensis (Miorooorax),
475.
jamesi (Pbonygama),
449.
jamesi (Pbonygammus),
449.
jankowskii (Emberiza),
249.
japonensis (Corone),
462.
japonensis (Corvus), 462.
japonica (Alauda), 129.
japonica (Cyanopica),
481.
japonica (Zosterops), 1.
japonicus (Cyanopolius),
481.
japonicus (Garrulus),
492.
japonicus (Zosterops), 4.
javanensis (Eulabes),
418.
javanensis (Mainatus),
418.
javanensis (Ploceella),
362.
jerdoni (Agrodroma), 94.
jerdoni (Antbus), 94.
jobiensis (Manucodia),
460.
jugularis (Cinnyris), 27.
jugularis (Cyrtostomus),
'27.
Junco, 268.
juncorum (Fringilla),
272.
kamtscbatica (Pica), 478.
kelaarti (Munia), 339.
kelaarti (Uroloucba),
839.
kittlitzi (Aplonis), 421.
522
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
kleinscbmidti (Galerida),
139.
krynicki (Garrulus). 491.
kundoo (Oriolus), 428.
laemosticta (Chibia), 438.
laemosticta (Dieruropsis),
438.
Lagonosticta, 327.
Laletes, 494.
Lamprocolius, 424.
Lamprocorax, 421.
lanceolata (Melipbaga),
33.
lanceolata (Plecto-
rhyncha), 33.
lanceolatus (Garrulus),
494.
lanceolatus (Laletes),
494.
lanceolatus (Plecto-
rhamphus), 33, 34.
lanceolatus (Plecto-
rhynchus), 34.
lapponica (Emberiza),
256.
lapponicus (Calcarius),
256.
lapponicus (Plectro-
phanes), 256.
larvatus (Oriolus), 431.
lateralis (Zosterops), 6.
lawrencei (Astragalinus),
185.
lawrencei (Chrysomitris),
185.
lazula (Guiraca), 157.
leilavalensis (Ptilotis),
47.
Leistes, 381.
lepida (Phonipara),
164.
Lepidopygia, 325.
Leptocoma, 18.
leptonyx (Corvus), 457.
lessoni (Xantliotis), 47.
leucocephala (Emberiza),
249.
leucocephalus (Stepbano-
pborus), 304.
leucogaster (Cinnyris),
23.
leucogaster (Uroloncba),
leucogenys (Bucbanga),
443.
leucogenys (Dicrurus),
443.
leucolsema (Alario), 210.
Jeucolsema (Otocoris),
118.
leucolaema (Otocorys),
118.
leucomelas (Entoiuo-
pbila), 38.
leucopbrys (Anthus), 93,
94.
leucophrys (Fringilla),
273. "
leucopbrys (Zonotricbia),
273, 274.
leucopsis (Motacilla), 78.
leucoptera (Loxia), 225.
leucoptera (Melano-
corypba), 122.
leucoprera (Pica), 478.
leucopteryx (Icterus),
395.
leucopygia (Poliospiza),
212.
leucopygia (Serinus),
212.
leucopygialis (Bucbanga),
444.
leucopygialis (Dicrurus),
444.
leucopygius (Basileu-
terus), 74.
leucostriatus (Budytes),
86.
leucotis (Ptilotis), 44.
levaillanti (Corone),
461.
lewinii (Ptilotis), 42.
Ligurinu.s, 149.
Liuaria, 186.
linaria (Acantbis), 189.
linaria (Fringilla), 189,
191.
linaria (Linaria), 189,
1'JO.
linaria (Linota), 190.
linarius (.ZEgiotbus), 189.
lincolni (Fringilla), 279.
lincolni (Melospiza),
279.
lineola (Spermopbila),
163.
lineola (Sporopbila),
163.
liopus (Alauda), 126.
littoralis (Anthus), 107.
littoralis (Corviis), 455.
longicauda (Icteria), 69.
longicauda (Motacilla),
80.
longicauclata (Bucbanga),
442.
longicaudatus (Dicrurus),
442.
longipes (Xantbocepba-
lus), 382.
longi rostra (Aracbno-
tbera), 29.
longirostris (Aracbno-
tbera), 29.
longirostris (Meliornis),
49.
longirostris (Otocoris),
116,117.
longus (Dicrurus), 439.
longus (Edolius), 439.
Lopborina, 451.
lotenia (Aracbnecbtbra),
18.
lotenius (Cinnyris), 18.
Loxia, 223.
Loxiipasser, 160.
ludoviciana (Goniapbea),
156.
ludoviciana (Sturnella),
387.
ludoviciana (Zamelodia),
156.
ludovioianus (Antbus),
104.
ludovicianus (Hedy-
meles), 156.
ludovicianus (Seiurus),
67.
lugens (Motaeilla), 77.
lugubris (Motacilla), 74.
Lullula, 143.
luminosus (Holo-
quiscalus), 401.
luminosus (Quiscalus),
401.
lunulata (Poecilo-
tbraupis), 304.
lunulatus (Melitbreptus),
31, 32.
lusitania (Alauda), 146.
lutea (Manorbina), 53.
lutea (Myzantba), 53.
luteola (Certbiola), 294.
luteola (Co3reba), 294.
luteola (Emberiza), 237.
luteola (Euspiza), 237.
luteola (Sitagra), 355.
luteola (Sycalis), 218.
luteolus (Ploceus), 355.
luxuosa (Xanthoura),
500.
luxuosa (Xantbura), 500,
501.
luzoniensis (Motacilla),
78.
Lysurus, 292.
maccowni (Plectro-
pbanes), 259.
maccowni (Ehyncbo-
phanes), 259.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
523
Machetornis, 376.
Macrocorax, 475.
Mai-ronyx, 110.
maerorhyncha (Corone),
461,402.
maerorhyncha (Galer-
ida), 140.
macrorhyuchus (Corvus),
461.
inacrourus (Dicrurns),
439.
uiacrourus (Mega-
quiscalus), 400.
macrurus (Emberizoides),
2S7.
mamirus (Mega-
quiscalus), 399, 400.
macrurus (Quiscalus),
399.
maculata (Chlamydo-
dera), 452.
maculatus (Anthus), 90.
maculatus (Pi pastes), 92.
ruaculatus (Pipilo), 282,
283.
maculosa (Dendroeca),
63.
maculosa (Dendroica),
63.
madagascariensis (Fou-
dia), 361.
madagascariensis (Hart-
laubia), 419.
madagascariensis (Hart-
laubius), 419.
madagascariensis (Pio-
ceus), 361.
madagascariensis (Zos-
terops), 3.
madeirensis (Authus),
103.
madeirensis (Petronia),
197.
maderaspatana (Zos-
terops), &.
maderaspatensis (Mota-
cilla), 79.
maderensis (Fringilla),
174.
maderensis (Petronia),
197.
inagellanica (Chryso-
mitris); 181, 182.
magna (Arachnothera),
29.
magna (Galerida), 141.
magna (Sturnella), 086,
387, 388.
magna (Tanagra), 170.
magnifica (J£thopyga),
15.
magnifica (Craspe-
dophora), 447.
inaiiiiua (Saltator), 170,
171.
inahali (Plocepasser),
322.
mahali (Ploceipasser),
322.
malirattensis ( Acrid o-
theres), 415.
maja (Munia), 334.
major (Galerida), 142.
major (Megaquiscalus),
399.
major (Pyrrhula), 226.
major (Quiscalus), 399.
major (Tanagra), 305.
malabarica (Aide-
mosyne), 340.
malabarica (Galerida),
143.
malabarica (Galerita),
143.
malabarica (Munia),
340.
malabarica (Sturnia),
407.
malabarica (Uroloncha),
340.
malabaricus (Poliopsar),
407.
malabaricus(Spodiopsar),
407.
malacca (Munia), 333.
malaccensis (Antho-
threptes), 30.
malaccensis (Anthreptes),
30.
malaccensis (Passer),
201.
Mali in bus, 346.
Manorhina, 51.
Manucodia, 450.
manyar (Pioceus), 365.
marchi (Euethia), Io6.
marchii (Phonipara),
166.
margaritce (Cherso-
philus), 114.
margaritata (Lagono-
sticta), 327.
margaritatus (Hypargos),
327.
margaritatus (Hypargus),
327.
mariposa (Estrelda),
333.
mariquensis (Cinnyris),
22.
mariquensis (Hyphan-
torn is), 356.
mariMmus (Ammodro-
mus), 26 K
marshalli (Serinus), 214.
matutina (Euiberiza),
275.
matutina (Fringilla),
275.
mauritanica (Pica), 479,
480.
maxillaris(Sphecotheres),
434.
medianus (Saltator),
170.
megalonyx (Pipilo), 282.
Megaquiscalus, 399.
megarhynchus (Pioceus),
364.
melaleucua (Tachy-
phonus), 313.
melanauchen (Ere-
mopteryx), 149.
melanauchen (Pyrrhu-
lauda), 149.
melanicterus (Cassiculus),
371.
melanicterus (Melophus),
254.
melanocephala (Anthor-
nis), 50.
melanocephala (Em-
beriza), 236.
melanocephala (Mota-
cilla), 88.
melanocephala (Sitagra),
354.
melanocephala (Zame-
lodia), 156.
melanocephalus (^Elur-
cedus), 453.
melanocephalus (Corvus),
491.
melanocephalus (Hedy-
meles), 156.
melanocephalus (Hy-
phantornis), 354.
melanocephalus (Icterus),
391,392.
melanocephalus (Meli-
threptes), 33.
melanocephalus (Meli-
threptus), 33.
melanocephalus (Orio-
lus), 431.
melanocephalus (Parda-
lotus), 11.
melanocephalus (Pio-
ceus), 354.
Melanocharis, 12.
Melanocorypha, 121.
melanocorys (Calamo-
spiza), 259.
524
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
melanocyanea (Cisso-
lopba), 502.
melanocyanea (Cyano-
citta), 502.
melanocyanea (Cyano-
lyca), 502.
melanocyanea (Xan-
thura), 502.
melanoderus (Pbrygilus),
289.
melanogrisea (Mota-
cilla), 88.
melanogriseus (Mota-
cilia), 88.
melanoleuca (Pica), 478.
melanoleuca (Poospiza),
267.
melanoleucus (Tacby-
phonus), 313.
melanonota (Amblyo-
spiza), 366.
melanonota (Pica), 478.
melanonotus (Sarcops),
417.
melanope (Calobates),
82.
meianope (Motacilla), 81,
82.
melanopbrys (Mano-
rbina), 51.
melanops (Grlycipbila),
36.
melanops (Tricho-
tbraupis), 314.
melanoptera (Graculi-
pica), 413.
melanoptera (Strepera),
' 509.
melanoptera (Tanagra),
307.
Melanopteryx, 350.
melanorbampbus (Cor-
corax;, 506.
melanosternum (Acrido-
tberes), 414.
melanosternus (Acrido-
tberes), 414.
melanotes (Pica), 478.
melanoxantbus (Heter-
bypbantes), 348.
rnelanura (Antbornis),
50.
melanura (Eophona),
152.
melanurus (Passer), 207.
Melilestes, 38.
Meliornis, 48.
Meliphaga, 38.
Meliphagidae, 31.
Melipotes, 39.
Melirrhophetes, 39.
Melitbreptes, 31.
mellivora (Acantbo-
cbaera), 55.
mellivora (Auellobia),
55.
mellivora (Melipbaga),
55.
melodia (Fringilla), 277.
melodia ( Melubpiza), 277,
278.
Melopbus, 254.
Melopyrrba, 164.
Melospiza, 277.
Melozone, 285.
rnelpodus(Spora?gintbus),
333.
meridae (Buarremon),
294.
meridionalis (Serinus),
215.
meridionalis (Sturnella),
388.
Merula, 376.
mesoleucus (Pipilo),
284.
mesomelas (Icterus), 393.
metallica (Calornis),
421.
metallica (Hedydipna),
13.
metallica (Lamprocorax),
421.
metallica (Nectarinia),
13.
mexicana (Certbiola),
295.
mexicana (Coereba), 295.
mexicana (Spizella), 271.
mexicana (Sturueila),
387.
rnexieanus ( Astragalinus),
184.
mexicanus (Carpodacus),
222
mexicanus (Chryso-
mitris), 184.
mexicanus (Psilorbinus),
502, 503.
Microcorax, 475.
Miliaria, 250.
miliaria (Cyncbramus),
250.
miliaria (Ernberiza),
250.
miliaria (Miliaria), 250.
militaris (Icterus), 384.
militaris (Sturnella),
384.
militaris (Trupialis),
384.
Milvulus, 375.
Mi met a, 432.
IViimtis, 376.
minima (Aracbnecbthra),
18.
minima (Cinnyris), 18.
minima (Lagonosticta),
327.
minima (Leptocoma),
18.
minimum (Dicaeum), 10.
minimus (Cinnyris), 18.
minor (Alaudula), 133.
minor (Calandrella),
133.
minor (Garrulus), 491.
minor (Heierocorax),
454.
minor (Lopborbina),
451.
minor (Pyromelana),
321.
minor (Pyrrbula), 226.
minor (Sturnus), 405.
minuta (Spermopbila),
161.
minuta (Sporopbila),
161.
Mirafra, 134.
miirata (Setophaga), 71.
mitrata (Sylvia), 70.
miti-ata ( Wilsonia), 70.
mitratus (Myiodioctes),
70.
Mniotilta, 59.
Mniotiltidae, 59.
moabiticus (Passer), 208.
modesta (Aidemosvue),
339.
modesta (Glycipbila), 37.
modestum (Piprisoma;,
12.
modulator (Mimus),
376.
Molotbrus, 276, 277,
373.
molucca (Uroloncba),
339.
monedula (Coloaus), 472.
monedula (Oorvus),
474.
monedula (Lycos), 473.
monecluloides (Pbyso-
corax), 475.
moiigolica(Erytbrospiza),
196.
mongolica (Melanocory-
pba), 123.
mongolicus (Bucanetes),
196.
montana (Fringilla),
199.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
525
montana (ITesperiphona),
153.
montana (Melospiza),
278.
montana (Passer), 200.
montamis (Passer), 1 1 ID.
inontezumae (Gyum-
ostinops), 368.
montramnse (Ostinops),
368.
monticola (Spizella), 269,
270.
Montifringilla, 103.
montifringilla (Fringilla),
175.
montium (Fringilla),
180.
montium (Linota), 186.
moreleti (Fringilla). 1~4.
moreleti (Spermophila),
162.
moreleti (Sporophila),
162.
niorelleti (Sporophila),
162.
moreletii (Fringilla),
174.
morio (Amydrus), 423.
morio (Lainprotoruis),
423.
morio (Onychognatbus),
,423.
morio (Psilorhinus), 502.
Motacilla, 74.
raotacilla (Siurus), 67.
Motacilliclee, 74.
motitensis (Passer), 208.
Munia, 338.
nuisimis (I)icrurus), 441.
Mycerobas, 155.
Myioborus, 72.
Myiospiza, 285.
Myiotmypis, 73.
mystacalis (Cyanocorax),
499.
mystacalis (Meliornis),
49.
mystacalis (Meliphaga),
49.
Myzantba, 51.
Myzoinela, 34.
nrcriua (Siurus), 68.
nana (Acantbis), 180.
nana (Lepidopvgia), 325.
nana (Linaria), 189.
nana (Spermestes), 325.
natalis (Zosterops), 5.
Nectarinia, 13.
Nectariniida?, 13..
neglecta (Sturnella),
387.
nelicotirvi (Nelicurvius),
362.
Neliourviua, 362.
nemoricola (Fring-
nlnuda), 194.
nemoricola (Monti-
friiiifilla), 194.
m-inoricola (Sturnia),
408.
nemoricolus (Poliopsar),
408.
nemoricolus (Spodi-
opsar), 408.
nemorosa (Alauda), 143.
Neochmia, 343.
neutralis (AgeUcns), 379.
neutralis (Agelaius),
379.
nevadensis (Amphispiza),
267.
nevadensis (Poospiza),
267.
newtoni (Certhiola), 295.
newtoni (Coereba-), 295.
nigerrima (Hyphan-
tornis), 350.
nigerrima (Melan-
ppteryx, 350.
nigerrimus (Ploceus),
350.
nigerrimus (Tachy-
phonus), 313.
nigra (Meliphaga), 35.
nigra (Melopyrrha), 164.
nigra (Myzomela), 35.
nigrescens (Buchanga),
443.
nigrescens (Dicrurus),
443.
nigricans (Serphophaga),
375, 376, 378.
nigricephala (Spindalis),
308.
nigriceps (Hyphan-
tornis), 352.
nigriceps (Munia), 335.
nigriceps (Ploceus), 352.
nigricollis (Euphonia),
299.
nigricollis (Graculipica),
412.
nigricollis (Gracupica),
412.
nigricollis (Heter-
hyphantes), 348.
nigricollis (Ploceus),
348.
nigricollis (Symplectes),
348.
nigrioristatua (Basileu-
terus), 73.
nigricristatus (Myiothly-
pis), 73.
nigrigularis (Rarnpho-
coalus), 309.
nigrigularis (Rhampho-
coelus), 309.
nigrimenturn (Dicteum),
8.
nigriventer (Pyro-
melana), 319.
nigriventris (Myzomela),
34.
nigriventris (Pyrome-
lana), 319.
nigriviridis (Calliste),
303.
nigriviridis (Calospiza),
303.
nigrotecta (Poephila),
342.
nilgbiriensis (Anthus),
92.
nisoria (Munia), 336.
nivalis (Fringilla), 193.
nivalis (Montifringilla),
193.
nivalis (Emberiza), 254.
nivalis (Pas8erina), 255.
nivalis (Plectrophanes),
254.
nivalis (Plectrophenax),
254, 255.
nivosa (Alaemon), 134.
nivosa (Mirafra), 134.
noctis (Loxigilla), 159,
160.
notata (Chrysomitris),
182.
notata (Ptilotis), 41.
notatus (Cinnyris), 21.
'notatus (Spinus), 182.
novae hollandias (Meli-
ornis), 48, 49.
novas guineas (Philemon),
56.
novse-zealandiae (Anthus),
109.
novEe zealandise (Prosthe-
madera), 51.
noveboracensis (Seiurus),
67.
noveboracensis (Siurus),
67.
nucbalis (Chlamydera),
452.
nuchal is (Chlamjrdo-
dera), 452.
Nucifraga, 476.
nuitalli (Pica), 480.
526
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
nuttalli (Zonotrichia),
274.
obscura (Anthus), 105.
obscura (Manorhina), 52.
obscura (Myzantha), 52.
obscura (Myzomela), '35.
obscura (Sperrnopbila),
161.
obscura (Sporophila),
161.
obscurus (Anthus), 104,
107.
obscurus (Molotbrus),
873, 374.
obsolete, (Erythrospiza),
195.
obsoleta (Rbodospiza),
194.
obsoletus (Bucanetes),
195.
occidentalis (Greothlypis),
68.
occidentalis (Oryzo-
borusX 159.
occidentalis (Otocoris),
120.
occidentalis (Otocorys),
120.
occipitalis (TJrocissa),
482.
ocbracea (Spizella), 270.
ocularia (Sitagra), 349.
ocularis (Glyciphila), 39.
ocularis (Melipbaga),
39.
ocularis (Motacilla), 77.
ocularis (Stigmatops),
39.
ocularius (Hyphantur-
gus), 348, 349.
ocularius (Ploceus), 348.
ocularius (Symplectes),
348.
oculatus (Zonsegintbus),
330.
oculeua (Zonaeginthus),
330.
cenops (Garrulus), 491 .
olivacea (Sitagra), 358.
olivacea (Spermopbila),
164.
olivaceum (Dicseum), 9.
olivaceus (Hyphantur-
gus), 358.
olivaceus (Ploeeus), 358.
olivaceus (Xantbo-
pbilus), 358.
olivascens (Saltator),
171.
omissa (Euetbia), 165.
Onycognatbus, 424.
Oporornis, 66.
Orcbesticus, 316.
oreas (Picatbartes), 504.
oregonus (Junco), 268.
Oregon us (Pipilo), 283.
Oreocorys, 1 10.
Oreospiza, 282.
orientalis (Acanthis),
178.
orientalis (Aidemosyne),
340.
orientalis (Carcluelis),
178.
orientalis (Corvus), 468.
orientalis (Ptilotis), 41.
Oriolidae, 427.
Oriolus, 427.
oriolus (Oriolus), 427,
428.
orix (Pyromelana), 319.
orizivora (Munia), 333.
ornata (Ptilotis), 45.
ornata (Tanagra), 307.
ornatus (Oalcarius), 258.
ornatus (Pardalotus), 10.
ornatus (Plectrophanes),
258.
Ortygospiza, 326.
oryx (Euplectes), 319.
oryx (Fringilla), 319.
oryx (Pyromelana), 319.
oryzivora (Cassidix),
371.
oryzivora (Dolicbonyx),
372.
oryzivora (Padda), 333.
oryzivorus (Dolicbonyx)
372.
Oryzoborus, 158.
osea (Cinnyris), 22.
osiris (Cinnyris), 22.
ossifragus (Colreus), 469.
ossifragus (Corvus), 469-
Ostinops, 368.
ostrinus (Pyrenestes),
323.
Otbypbarites, 347.
Otocorys, 114.
owstoni (Zosterops), 6.
pagodarum (Sturnia),
412.
pagodarum (Temi-
nucbus), 412.
pallasi (Emberiza), 232.
pallida (Alsemon), 113.
pallida (Galerida) 139.
pallida (Spizella), 273.
pallida (Zosterops), 2.
pallidus (Astragalinus),
183.
palm arum (Tanagra),
307.
palpebrosa (Zosterops),
1,3,4,5.
palnstris (Melospiza),
279.
panavensis (Calornis),
422.
panayensis (Lampro-
cofax), 422.
panderi (Podoces), 507.
Paradisea, 448.
paradisea (Calospiza),
301.
Paradiseidae, 447.
paradiseus (Dissemurus),
446.
Pardalotus, 10.
parellina (Cyanocompsa),
158.
parisorum (Icterus), 391.
Paroaria, 290.
Parula, 61.
parva (Carduelis), 178,
217.
pascuus (Corvus), 471.
Passer, 119.
Passerculus, 262.
Passerella, 280.
passerina (Emberiza),
232.
Passerina, 281.
passerinii (Eampbo-
coelus), 310.
passerinii (Rbampbo-
coelus), 310.
passerinus (Coturni-
culus), 263
pastinator (Corvus),
454.
pastinator (Trypano-
corax), 454.
Pastor, 410.
pecoris (Icterus), 373.
pecoris (Molothrus), 373,
374.
pectoralis (Cbalcostetha),
14.
pectoralis (Cinnyris),
28.
pectoralis (Cyrtostomus),
28.
pectoralis (Munia), 338.
pectoralis (Nectarinia),
14.
pectoralis (Uroloncba),
338.
pekinensis (Alauda),
127.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
527
pelzelni (Tcteropsis),
866.
pelzelni (Ploceus), 355.
pelzelni (Sitagra), -".."> ">.
pelzelni (Sycalis), 218.
penieillata (Eremophila),
117.
penirillata (Otocoris),
117, 118.
penieillata (Otocorys),
117, 118.
penicillata (Ptilotis), 46.
pennsylvaniea (Den-
droeca), 64.
pennsylvanicus (Anthus),
104.
pensilis (Hyphantornis),
3(52.
pensilis (Ploceus), 362.
pensilvauica (Anthus),
104.
Perissospiza, 155.
persicus (Oacicus), 369,
370.
persicus (Cassicus), 369.
personata (Diglossa),
288.
personata (Emberiza),
241.
personata (Motacilla),
77.
peruana (Myiospiza),
265.
peruanus (Ammodro-
raus\ 265.
peruanus (Coturniculus),
265.
peruviana (Brachyspiza),
275.
petronella (Petronia),
198.
Petronia, 196.
petronia (Fringilla), 196.
petronia (Passer). 196.
petronia (Petronia), 196.
petronia (Pyrgita), 196.
phaeonotus (Junco), 269.
phaeton (Neochmia), 343.
Philseterus, 322.
Philemon, 58.
philippina (Corone), 462.
philippinus (Corvus),
462.
philippinus (Ploceus),
363.
phoenicea (Urobrachya),
318.
phoeniceus (Agelaeus),
378, 379.
phoeniceus (Agelaius),
378.
phoeniceus (Icterus), 378.
phoenicopterus (Larnpro-
colius), 425.
phoenicopterus (Lampro-
tornis), 42").
Phoenicothraupis, 313.
phoenicotis (Antho-
threptes), 31.
phoenicotis (Anthreptes),
31.
phoenicotis (Chalcoparia),
31.
phoenicotis (Estrilda),
345.
phoenicotis (Uraegin-
thus), 345.
phoenicura (Ammo-
tnanes), 145.
phoenicuroides (Amrno-
raanes), 147.
Phonygama, 449.
phrygia (Meliphaga), 38.
phrygia (Xanthomyza),
38.
Phrygilus, 288.
Physocorax, 475.
Pica, 476.
pica (Corvus), 476.
pica (Pica), 476, 477,
478, 479, 480.
Picathartes, 504.
gictus (Calcarius), 258.
pictus (Plectrophanes),
258.
pileata (Brachyspiza),
275, 375.
pileata (Zonotrichia), 275.
pileatus (Atlapetes),
292.
Pinicola, 228.
pinus (Dendroeca), 65.
pinus (Dendroica), 65.
piuus (Helminthophaga),
60.
pintis (Helminthophila),
60.
pinus (Verraivora), 60.
Pipilo, 282.
Piprisoma, 12.
pispoletta (Alauda), 131.
pispoletta (Alaudula),
131.
pispoletta (Calandrella),
131.
pithyornus (Emberiza),
249.
pityopsittacus (Loxia),
225.
Plagiospiza, 265.
planicola (Megalo-
phonus), 13(>.
platensis (Embernagra),
Platysmurus, 489.
Plectorhamphus, 33.
Plectrophenax, 254.
Ploceella, 362.
Ploceidre, 316.
Ploceipasser, 322.
Ploceus, 363.
plumbea (Strepera), 509.
plutuula (Meliphaga), 46.
plumula (Ptilotis), 46.
Podoces, 507.
Poecilothraupis, 304.
poensis (Lepidopygia),
poensis (Spermestes),
325
Poephila, 341.
Pooecetes, 261.
polatzeki (Alaudula),
133.
polatzeki (Calandrella),
133.
polioptera (Arachno-
thera), 38.
polioptera (Melilestes),
38.
poliopterus (Melilestes),
38.
Poliospiza, 211.
poltaratskii (Sturnus),
404.
poltaratskyi (Sfcurnus),
404.
poltoratzskii (Sturnus),
404.
polyzona (Ortygospiza),
Poospiza, 267.
porphyronotus (Sturnus),
405.
pratensis (An thug), 98.
praticola (Otocorys), 119.
pratincola (Otocoris),
princeps (Passeroulus),
262.
principalis (Coryus), 459.
procerior (Ptilotis), 40.
procne (Chera), 316.
procne (Coliopasser), 316.
procne (Diatropura),
316.
progne (Chera), 316.
progne (Coliuspasser)
316.
progne (Diatropura),
316.
Propasser, 223.
Prosthemadera, 51.
528
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
prosthemelas (Icterus),
391.
Protonotaria, 60.
provocator (Ptilotis), 42.
psaUria (Astragalinus),
184.
psaltria (Chrysomitris),
184.
Pseud ochloris, 288.
Pseudoleistes, 375, 376,
377, 383.
Pseudonigrita, 323.
Psilorhinus, 502.
psittaeea (Erythrura),
343.
Psittospiza, 310.
Ptiloprora, 47.
Ptilotis, 40.
pnlcherrima (Eudre-
panis), 17.
pulcherriinus (J£tho-
PJga), 17.
punctatus (Pardalotus),
11.
punetulata (Mtinia), 335,
336.
punctulata (Uroloncha),
335, 336.
punieea (Pyrrhospiza),
220.
purpurascens (Sturnus),
405.
purpurea (Fringilla),
221.
purpureo-violacea (Pbo-
nygama), 449.
purpureus (Carpodacus),
221.
purpureus (Lampro-
colius), 425.
purpureus (Lampro-
tornis), 425.
purpureus (Quiscalus),
. 398.
pusilla (Eraberiza), 232.
pusilla (Euethia), 165.
pusilla (Metoponia), 217.
pusilla (Phonipara),
165.
pusilla (Schcenicola),
232.
pusilla (Spizella), 272.
pusillus (Corvus), 463.
pusillus (Serinus), 217.
pusio .(Spizella), 273.
pustuktus (Icterus),
394.
puteicola (Petronia),
197.
Pyranga, 311.
Pyrenestes, 323.
Pyromelana, 318.
Pyrrhocorax, 506.
pyrrhocorax (Corvus),
506.
pyrrhocorax (Pyrrho-
corax), 505, 506.
pyrrhogaster (Hypo-
pyrrhus), 402.
pyrrhogenvs (Sturnia),
411.
pyrrhonotus (Anthua),
93.
pyrrhonotus (Passer),
204.
pyrrhops (Buchanga),
442.
pyrrhoptera (Meliornis),
48.
pvrrhopterus (Icterus),
"390.
Pyrrhula, 226.
pyrrhula (Fringilla),
2^6.
pyrrhula (Pyrrhula), 226.
Pyrrhulagra, 159.
pyrrhuloides (Emberiza),
229.
pyrrhuloides (Pyrrhulo-
rhyncha), 229.
pyrrhuloides (Schoeni-
cola), 229.
Pyrrhulorhyncha, 229.
Pyrrhuloxia, 167.
Pyrrhuphonia, 301.
Pyrrochira, 423.
pyrypogaeter (Hypopyr-
rhus), 402.
pytvopsittacus (Loxia),
225.
quadragintus (Parda-
Jotus), 12.
quadricolor (Tricho-
th ran pis), 314.
Quelea, 324.
quelea (Quelea), 324.
Quiscalus, 397.
quiscalus (Icterus), 397.
quiscalus (Quiscalus),
397.
quiscula (Quiscalus), 397.
raggiana (Paradisea),
449.
raii (Motacilla), 84.
rayi (Motacilla), 84.
raytal (Alaudula), 131.
regionali s (Cblorospin-
gus), 315.
reichenowi (Heter-
hyphantes), 347.
reichenowi (Othy-
phantes), 347.
reichenowi (Ploceus),
347.
religiosa (Eulabes), 418.
religiosa (Gracula), 418.
religiosus ('Mainatus),
418.
remifer (BhringaV 446.
Rhamphocoelus, 309.
Rliatnphocorys, 114.
Rhinocorax, 474.
Rhodospingus. 290.
Rhodospiza, 194.
Rhynchophanes, 259.
richardi (Anthus), 95.
richardi (Corydalla), 95.
richmondi (Arremonops),
286.
riefferi (Psittospiza),
316.
rixosa (Machetornis),
. 376.
rosaceus (Anthus), 102.
roseatus (Anthus), 102.
roseatus (Carpodacus),
220.
roseus (Pastor), 410.
roseus (Sturnus), 410.
rubea (Otocoris), 120.
rubea (Otocorys), 120.
ruber (Amblvrharnphus).
382.
ruberrima (Lagono-
sticta), 327.
rubica (Phoenico-
thraupis), 313.
rubicoides (Phcenico-
thraupis), 313.
rubigiuosa (Cinaamo-
pteryx), 351.
rubiginosa (Melano-
pteryx), 351.
rubiginosus (Hyphan-
tornis), 351.
rubiginosus (Ploceus),
351.
rubra (Piranga), 311,
312.
rubra (Pyranga), 312.
rubrata (Myzornela), 34.
rubricapilla (Vermivora),
61.
rubricata (Lagonosticta),
327.
rubricilla (Carpodacus),
220.
rubricollis (Malimbus),
346.
B.M. (N.H.).
No. 21.
LIST OF THE CURRENT
NATURAL HISTORY PUBLICATIONS
OF THE TRUSTEES OF THE
BRITISH MUSEUM.
The following publications can be purchased through the
Agency of Messrs. LONGMANS & Co., 39, Paternoster Bow,
London, E.G. ; Mr. QUARITCH, 11, Grafton Street, New
Bond Street, W. ; and Messrs. DULAU & Co., Ltd., %l,Solio
Square, W.; or at the NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM,
Cromwell Road, London, S. W.
The History of the Collections contained in the Natural
History Departments of the British Museum : —
Vol. I. Libraries ; Botany ; Geplogy ; Minerals.
Pp. xvii., 442. 1904, 8vo. 15s.
Vol. II. Separate historical accounts of the several
collections included in the Department of Zoology.
Pp. 782. 1906, 8vo. II. 10s.
Catalogue of the Books, Manuscripts, Maps, and Drawings
in the British Museum (Natural History). Compiled by
B. B. Woodward, Assistant in charge of the General Library,
with some clerical assistance : —
Vol. I. A— D. Pp. viii., 500. 1903, 4to. II.
Vol.11. E— K. Pp. 501-1038. 1904, 4to. 11.
Vol. III. L— 0. Pp. 1039-1494. 1910, 4to. 11.
Catalogue of the Specimens and Drawings of Mammals,
Birds, Reptiles, and Fishes of Nepal and Tibet. Presented
by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., to the British Museum. 2nd
edition. By John Edward Gray. Pp. xii., 90. [With an
account of the Collection by Mr. Hodgson.] 1863, 12mo.
2s. 3d.
(23355r— 29.) Wt. 37276—51. 2000. 3/12. D & S. (S.) A
2 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Report on the Zoological Collections made in the Indo-
Pacific Ocean during the voyage of H.M.S. "Alert," 1881-2
Pp. xxv., 684. 54 Plates. 1884, 8vo. II. 10s.
Summary of the Voyage By Dr. R. W. Coppinger.
Mammalia ... 0. Thomas.
Aves...
Reptilia, Batrachia, Pisces
Mollusca
Echinodermata
Crustacea
Goleoptera
R. B. Sharpe.
A. Giinther.
E. A. Smith.
F. J. Bell.
E. J. Miers.
C. 0. Waterhouse.
Lepidoptera ............ ,, A. G. Butler.
Alcyonaria and Spongiida ...... „ S. 0. Ridley.
Report on the Collections of Natural History made in the
Antarctic Regions during the Voyage of the " Southern
Cross." Pp. ix., 344. 53 Plates. 1902, Royal 8vo. 21.
Mammalia ......... By Capt. G. E. H. Barrett-Hamilton.
Notes on Antarctic Seals ... „ E. A. Wilson, M.B.
Extracts from the " Diary " )
of the late Nicolai Hanson, j
Aves ............ „ Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe.
Pisces ............ „ G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S.
Tunicata ......... „ Prof. W. A. Herdman, F.R.S.
Mollusca ...... „ E. A. Smith.
Echinoderma ...... „ Prof. F. J. Bell.
Insecta ......... „ G. H. Carpenter and Hon, N, C.
Rothschild.
Arachnida ... ...... „ Dr. E. L. Trouessart
Crustacea ... ... ... „ T. V. Hodgson.
PolychjEta ......... ,, Dr. A. Willey.
Gephyrea ... ... ... „ A. E. Shipley.
Anthozoa ......... „ Dr. L. Roule and S. J. Hickson,
F.R.S.
ActiniEe ... ... ... „ J. A. Clubb.
Hydrozoa ......... „ E. T. Browne.
Cryptogamia ...... „ A. Gepp, V. H. Blackman, and
Miss E. S. Barton.
Rock Specimens ...... „ Dr. G. T. Prior.
National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904. [Discovery
ReportJ] Natural History ; —
Vol.1. Geology (Field-Geology : Petrography). Pp. xii.,
160 : 10 plates, 72 text-figures, 2 maps. [With Index.]
1907, 4to. II. 10s.
Field-Geology ...... By H. T. Ferrar, M.A., F.G.S.
Rock-Specimens ...... „ G. T. Prior, M.A., D.Sc., F.G.S.
Vol. II. Zoology (Vertebrata : Mollusca : Crusiacea).
Pp. xiv., 355 : 33 plates (17 coloured), 146 text-figures,
1 map. 1907, 4to. 3Z.
Mammalia (pp. 69 : 5 pis. [3 col.l, )
36 figs.) VByE.A. Wilson, M.B.
Aves (pp. 121 : 13 pis. col., 46 figs.) .,, )
Anatomy of Penguins (pp. 28 : 1 pi., „ W. P. Pycraft.
8 figs.)
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY).
National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904— continued.
Vol. II — continued.
Fishes (pp. 5 ; 2 pis.) By G. A.Boulenger, F.R.S.
Cephalodiscus (pp. 67 : 7 pis. [1 col.], „ W. G-. Ride wood, D.Sc.
17 figs.)
Mollusca. I.— Cephalopoda (pp. 2 : „ W, E Hoyle, D.Sc.
E. A. Smith, I.S.O.
Sir Chas. Eliot,
K.C.M.G., LL.D.
E. A. Smith, I.S.O.
W. T. Caiman, D.Sc.
Sir Charles Eliot,
K.C.M.G., LL.D.
A. 0. Walker, F.L.S.
Dr. J. Thiele.
S. Brady,
Pi" j „
,, II.— Gastropoda ((pp. 12,1: I
,, III. — Amphineura ( 2 pis.) f
„ IV.— Nudibranchiata (pp. 28 :
1 pi., 30 figs.)
, , V. — Lamellibranchiata (pp. 7 :
Ipl.)
Brachiopoda (pp. 2 : 4 figs.)
Crustacea I. — Decapoda (pp. 7)
,, II. — Cumacea (pp. 6 : 1
4 figs.)
Vol. III. Zoology and Botany (Invertebrata : Marine
Alga3, Musci). Pp. vi., 273 : 51 plates, 8 text-figures,
and 1 chart. 1907, 4to. 21. 10s.
On Collecting in Antarctic Seas (pp. 10) By T. V. Hodgson, F.L.S
Mollusca. VI.— rteropoda (pp. 15 :
2 pis.)
Crustacea. III. — Amphipoda (pp. 39 :
13 pis.)
., IV. — Leptostraca (pp. 2 :
2 figs.)
,, V.— Ostracoda (pp. 9 : 3 pis.)
„ VI. — Cirripedia (pp. 4 : 1 pi.)
Pycnogonida (pp. 72 : 10 pis.) ...
Acari (pp.6: 1 pi.)
Chfetognatha (pp. 6 : 1 chart) ...
Nematoda (pp. 4 : 1 pi.)
Cestoda (pp. 6 : 1 pi.)
Coelentera. I. — Alcyonaria (pp. 15 :
2 pis.)
,, II. — Hydroid Zoophytes
(pp. 34 : 4 pis.)
Prof. G-.
F.R.S.
Prof. A. G-ruvel.
T. V. Hodgson, F.L.S.
Dr. E. L. Trouessart.
Dr. GT.H. Fowler, F.L.S.
Dr. 0. von Linstow.
A. E. Shipley, F.R.S.
Prof. S. J. Hickson,
F.R.S.
Prof. S. J. Hickson,
F.R.S., and F. H.
Gravely.
Dr. J. Rennie.
„ III. — Tentacles of a Siphono-
phore(pp. 3 : 5 figs.)
Porifera. I. — Hexactinellida (pp. 25 :
7 pis.)
Marine Algas. I. — Phaeophycese and
Florideae (pp. 15 :
4 pis.)
„ „ II, — Corallinaceae (pp. 2 :
Ifig.)
Musci (pp. 6 ; 2 pis.)
Vol. IV. Zoology (various Invertebrata). Pp. iv., 281 :
65 plates, 1 text-figure. 1908, 4to. II. 15s.
Mollusca. VII.— Solenogastres (pp. 13 : By Dr. H, F. Nierstrasz.
2 pis.)
Insecta.— Aptera (pp. 5 : 1 pi.)
R. Kirkpatrick.
A. G-epp and Mrs. E. S,
G-epp.
M. Foslie.
J. Cardot.
Crustacea. VII. — Schizopoda (pp. 42 :
8 pis.)
,, VII I. — Copepoda (pp. 44 :
7 pis.)
G. H. Carpenter, B.Sc.,
M.R.I.A.
W. M. Tattersall, M.Sc.
R, Norris Wolfenden,
M.D.
4 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904 — continued.
Vol. IY — continued.
Echinoderma (pp. 16 : 5 pis.) By F. Jeffrey Bell, M.A.
Echinoderm Larvae (pp. 9 : 1 pi.) ... „ E. W. McBride, M.A..
F.R.S.. and J. C.
Simpson, B.Sc.
Myzostomidse (pp. 26 : 1 pi. and 1 figure) „ Dr. Rudolf Ritter von
Stummer-Traunfels.
Sipunculoidea (pp. 6) ... ... ... „ W. F. Lanchester, M. A.
Coelentera. IV.— Actiniae (pp. 12 : 3 pis.) „ J. A. Clubb, M.Sc.
Porifera. II,— Tetraxonida (pp. 56 : „ R. Kirkpatrick.
19 pis.)
„ III.— Calcarea(pp.52 : 12 pis.) „ C. F. Jenkin, B.A.
Vol. Y. Zoology and Botany. Pp. ix., 212 : 28 plates, and
19 text-figures. [With a Summary of the Contents of
Yols. II.-V.] 1910, 4to. 11. 10s.
Vertebrata. £A.— Mammalia (Seal-Em- By Dr. H. W. Marett
bryos) (pp. 21 : 2 pis., 1 text-figure) Tims.
Tunicata (pp. 26 : 7 pis., 2 text-figures) „ Prof. W. A. Herdman,
D.Sc., F.R.S.
Crustacea. IX.— Isopoda (pp. 77 : 10 pis) „ T. V. Hodgson, F.L.S.
Nemertinea (pp. 15 : 1 pi., 16 text- „ Prof L. Joubin.
figures)
Coelentera. Y. — Medusae (pp. 62 : 7 pis.) „ Edward T. Browne.
Lichenes (pp. 11 : 1 pi.) „ Dr. 0. V. Darbishire.
A Monograph of Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) : Physical
Features and Geology by C. W. Andrews, B.A., B.Sc.,
F.G.S., with descriptions of the Fauna and Flora by
numerous contributors. Pp. xv.,337: 22 plates (7 coloured),
a map, and 27 illustrations in text. [With Index.] 1900,
,8vo. II.
First Report on Economic Zoology. By Fred. Y. Theobald,
M.A., &c. [With an Introduction, containing a Classifica-
tion of Animals from the point of view of Economic
Zoology, by Prof. E. Ray Lankester, LL.D., F.R.S.]
Pp. xxxiv., 192. 18 Woodcuts. 1903, Roy. 8vo. 6s.
Second Report on Economic Zoology. By Fred. Y. Theobald,
M.A., &c. Pp. x., 197. 29 Illustrations. 1904, Roy. 8vo.
6s.
MAMMALS.
Catalogue of the Bones of Mammalia in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Edward Gerrard. Pp. iv., 296
1862, 8vo. 5s.
Catalogue of Monkeys, Lemurs, and Fruit-eating Bats in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E.
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 137. 21 Woodcuts. 1870,
8vo. 4.9.
Catalogue of Carnivoroup Pachydermatous, and Edentate
Mammalia in the British Museum. By John Edward
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. vii., 398. 47 Woodcuts. 1869,
8vo. 6s. M.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 5
Catalogue of Seals and Whales in the British Museum. By
John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c. 2nd Edition. Pp. vii.,
402. 101 Woodcuts. 1866, 8vo. 8s.
Supplement. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c..
Pp. vi., 103. 11 Woodcuts. 1871, 8vo. 2s. 6d.
Catalogue of Ruminant Mammalia (Pecora, Linnaeus) in the
British Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c.
Pp. viii., 102. 4 Plates. 1872, 8vo. 3s. 6d.
Monograph of the Okapi. By Sir E. Ray Lankester, K.C.B.,
M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S., &c. Atlas. Compiled with the
assistance of W. G. Ridewood, D.Sc. 48 Plates, with
xxii. pp. of Explanations, &c. 1910, 4to. II. 5s.
Catalogue of the Marsupialia and Monotremata in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Oldfield Thomas.
Pp. xiii., 401. 4 Coloured and 24 plain Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes,] 1888,
8vo. II. 8s.
BIRDS.
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum : —
Vol. VII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Cichlomorphce : Part IV., containing the concluding
portion of the family Timeliidse (Babbling Thrushes).
By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xvi., 698. Woodcuts and
15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1883, 8vo. 11.6s.
Vol. VIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Cichlomorphce : Part V., containing the families
Paridae and Laniidse (Titmice and Shrikes) ; and
Certhiomorphce (Creepers and Nuthatches). By Hans
Gadow, M.A., Ph.D. Pp. xiii., 386. Woodcuts and
9 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1883, 8vo. 17s.
Vol. X. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Fringilliformes : Part I., containing the families
Dicaeidae, Hirundinidae, Ampelidae, Mniotiltidse, and
Motacillidse. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 682.
Woodcuts and 12 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 11. 2s.
Vol. XI. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Fringilliformes: Part II., containing the families
b /-, LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued,
Ccerebidae, Tanagridae, and Icteridae. By Philip Lutley
Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 431. Woodcuts and
18 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1886, 8vo. 11.
Vol. XII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Fringilliformes : Part III., containing the family
Fringillidae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xv., 871.
Woodcuts and 16 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. 11. 8s.
Vol. XIII. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Sturniformes, containing the families Artamidae,
Sturnidae, Ploceidae, and Alaudidae. Also the families
Atrichiidae and Menuridae. By R. Bowdler Sharpe.
Pp. xvi., 701. Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890,
8vo. II. 8s.
Vol. XIV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Oligomyodce, or the families Tyrannidee, Oxyrham-
phidse, Pipridae, Cotingidae, Phytotomidae, Philepittidae,
Pittidae, Xenicidae, and Eurylaemidae. By Philip
Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xix., 494. Woodcuts
and 26 coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1888, 8vo. 11. 4s.
Vol. XV. Catalogue of the Passeriformes, or Perching
Birds, in the Collection of the British Museum.
Tracneophonce, or the families Dendrocolaptidae,
Formicariidae, Conopophagidae, and Pteroptochidae.
By Philip Lutley Sclater, M.A., F.R.S. Pp. xvii., 371.
Woodcuts and 20 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 11.
Vol. XVI. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. Upupce and Trochili, by Osbert
Sal vin. Coracice, of the families Cypselidae, Capri-
mulgidse, Podargidae, and Steatornithidae, by Ernst
Hartert. Pp. xvi., 703. Woodcuts and 14 coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1892, 8vo. 1L 16s.
Vol. XVII. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection
of the British Museum. Coradce (contin.) and
Haley ones, with the families Leptosomatidae, Coraciidae,
Meropidae, Alcedinidae, Momotidae, Totidae and Coliidae,
by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Bucerotes and Trogones, by
W. R. Ogilvie Grant. Pp. xi., 522. Woodcuts and 17
coloured Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1892, 8vo. 11. 10s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 7
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.
Vol. XVIII. Catalogue of the Picariae in the Collection
of the British Museum. Scansores, containing the
family Picidse. By Edward Hargitt. Pp. xv., 597.
Woodcuts and 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1890, 8vo. 11. 6s.
Vol. XIX. Catalogue of the Picarise in the Collection of
the British Museum. Scansores and Coccyges : con-
taining the families Rhamphastidae, Galbulidae, and
Bucconidae, by P. L. Sclater ; and the families Indi-
catoridae, Capitonidae, Cuculidae, and Musophagidae, by
G. E. Shelley. Pp. xii., 484 : 13 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891,
8vo. 11. 5s.
Vol. XX. Catalogue of the Psittaci, or Parrots, in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori.
Pp. xvii., 658. Woodcuts and 18 coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1891,
8vo. 11. 10s.
Vol. XXI. Catalogue of the Columbae, or Pigeons, in
the Collection of the British Museum. By T. Salvadori.
Pp. xvii., 676. 15 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. 10s.
Vol. XXII. Catalogue of the Game Birds (Pterocletes,
GrallinoBi Opisthocomi^ Hemipodii) in the Collection of
the British Museum. By W. R. Ogilvie Grant.
Pp. xvi., 585. 8 coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. 11. 6s.
Vol. XXIII. Catalogue of the Fulicariae (Rallidae and
Heliornithidae) and Alectorides (Aramidae, Eurypy-
gidae, Mesitidae, Rhinochetidae, Gruidae, Psophiidae,
and Otididae) in the Collection of the British Museum.
By R. Bowdler Sharpe. Pp. xiii., 353. 9 coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1894, 8vo. 11.
Vol. XXIV. Catalogue of the Limicolae in the Collection
of the British Museum. By R. Bowdler Sharpe.
Pp. xii., 794. Woodcuts and 7 coloured Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo.
11. 5s.
Vol. XXV. Catalogue of the Gaviae and Tubinares in
the Collection of the British Museum. Gaviae (Terns,
Gulls, and Skuas), by Howard Saunders. Tubinares
(Petrels and Albatrosses), by Osbert Salvin. Pp. xv.,
475. Woodcuts and 8 coloured Plates. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1896, 8vo. 11. Is.
8 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum — continued.
Vol. XXVI. Catalogue of the Plataleaa, Herodiones,
Steganopodes, Pygopodes, Alcae, and Impennes in the
Collection of the British Museum. Plataleae (Ibises
and Spoonbills) and Herodiones (Herons and Storks),
by R. Bowdler Sharpe. Steganopodes (Cormorants,
Gannets, Frigate-birds, Tropic-birds, and Pelicans),
Pygopodes (Divers ana Grebes), Alcae (Auks), and Im-
pennes (Penguins), by W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. Pp. xvii.,
687. Woodcuts and 14 coloured Plates. [With Sys-
tematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898, 8vo. II. 5s.
Vol. XXVII. Catalogue of the Chenomorphse (Pala-
medese, Phoenicopteri, Anseres), Crypturi, and Ratitas
in the Collection of the British Museum. By T.
Salvadori. Pp. xv., 636. 19 coloured Plates. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo,
II. 12s.
A Hand-list of the Genera and Species of Birds. [Nomen-
clator Avium turn Fossilium turn Viventium.] By R.
Bowdler Sharpe, LL.D. :—
Vol. IV. Pp. xii., 391. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. 10s.
Vol. V. Pp. xx., 678. [With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Indexes.]. 1909, 8vo. II.
List of the Specimens of Birds in the Collection of the
British Museum. By George Robert Gray : —
Part III., Sections III. and IV. Capitonidae and Picidae.
Pp. 137. [With Index.] 1868, 12mo. Is. 6d.
Part IV. Colurnbse. Pp. 73. [With Index.] 1856,
12mo. Is. 9d.
Part V. GallinaB. Pp. iv., 120. [With an Alphabetical
Index.] 1867, 12mo. Is. 6d.
Catalogue of the Birds of the Tropical Islands of the Pacific
Ocean in the Collection of the British Museum. By
George Robert Gray, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 72. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 8vo. Is. 6d.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 9
Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British
Museum (Natural History) : —
Vol. I. Ratitae. Carinatae (Tinamiformes — Lariformes).
By Eugene W. Gates. Pp. xxiii., 252. 18 Coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1901, 8vo. 11. 10s.
Vol. II. Carinatse (Charadriiform.es — Strigiformes). By
Eugene W. Gates. Pp. xx., 400. 15 Coloured Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1902,
8vo. II. 10s.
Vol. III. Carinatae (Psittaciformes — Passeriformes)
By Eugene W. Gates and Capt. Savile G. Reid.
Pp. xxiii., 349. 10 Coloured Plates. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. 1Z. 5s.
Vol. IV. Carinatae (Passeriformes continued). By
Eugene W. Gates, assisted by Capt. Savile G. Reid.
Pp.' xviii., 352. 14 Coloured Plates. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1905, 8vo. II. 10s.
REPTILES.
Catalogue of the Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Amphisbaenians
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. J. E.
Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. viii., 80. [With an Alphabetical
Index.] 1844, 12mo. Is.
Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British
Museum. By John Edward Gray, F.R.S., &c.:—
Appendix. Pp. 28. 1872, 4to. 2s. 6d.
Part II. Emydosaurians, Rhynchocephalia, and Amphis-
baenians. Pp. vi., 41. 25 Woodcuts. 1872, 4to.
3s. Qd.
Hand-List of the Specimens of Shield Reptiles in the
British Museum. By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S., F.L.S., &c.
Pp. iv., 124. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1873,
8vo. 4s,
Catalogue of the Chelonians, Rhynchocephalians, and
Crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History).
New Edition. By George Albert Boulenger. Pp. x., 311.
73 Woodcuts and 6 Plates. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1889, 8vo. 15s.
23355 B
10 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE
Catalogue of the Lizards in the British Museum (Natural His-
tory). Second Edition. By George Albert Boulenger : —
Vol. II. Iguanidae, Xenosauridae, Zonuridae, Anguidae,
Anniellidse, Helodermatidae, Varanidae, Xantusiidae,
Teiidae, Amphisbaenidae. Pp. xiii., 497. 24 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.! 1885,
8vo. II.
Vol. III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytro-
pidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. Pp. xii., 575. 40
Plates. [With a Systematic Index and an Alphabetical
Index to the three volumes.] 1887, 8vo. 11. 6s.
Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural
History). By George Albert Boulenger, F.R.S., &c. : —
Vol. I., containing the families Typhlopidae, Glauconiidae,
Boidae, Ilysiidae, Uropeltidae, Xenopeltidae, and Colu-
bridae aglyphae (part). Pp. xiii., 448 : 26 Woodcuts
and 28 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1893, 8vo. II. Is.
Vol. II., containing the conclusion of the Colubridae
aglyphae. Pp. xi., 382 : 25 Woodcuts and 20 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1894,
8vo. 17s. 6d.
Vol. III., containing the Colubridae (Opisthoglyphae and
Proteroglyphae), Amblycephalidae, and Viperidae.
Pp. xiv., 727 : 37 Woodcuts and 25 Plates. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index to the 3
volumes.] 1896, 8vo. II. 6s.
Catalogue of Colubrine Snakes in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Dr. Albert Gtinther. Pp. xvi., 281.
[With Geographic, Systematic, and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1858, 12mo. 4s.
BATRACHIANS.
Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Dr. Albert Giinther. Pp. xvi., 160.
12 Plates. [With Systematic, Geographic, and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1858, 8vo. 6s.
FISHES.
Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. Second
Edition. Vol. I. Catalogue of the Perciform Fishes in the
British Museum. Vol. I. Containing the Centrarchidse,
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 11
Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum — continued
Percidae, and Serranidae (part). By George Albert
Boulenger, F.R.S. Pp. xix., 394. Woodcuts and 15 Plates.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1895, 8vo.
15s.
Catalogue of Lophobranchiate Fish in the Collection of the
British Museum. By J. J. Kaup, Ph.D., &c. Pp. iv., 80.
4 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856, 12mo. 2s.
Catalogue of the Fresh-water Fishes of Africa in the
British Museum (Natural History). By G. A. Boulenger,
F.R.S. :—
Vol. I Pp. xi., 373 : 270 text-figures. [With Syste-
matic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1909, imp. 8vo.
11. 12s. 6d.
Vol. II. Pp. xii., 529 : 382 text-figures. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1911. imp.
8vo. 21. 5s.
MOLLUSCA,
Guide to the Systematic Distribution of Mollusca in the
British Museum. Part I. By John Edward Gray, Ph.D.
F.R.S., &c. Pp. xii., 230. 121 Woodcuts. 1857, 8vo. 5s.
Catalogue of Pulmonata, or Air Breathing Mollusca, in the
Collection of the British Museum. Part I. By Dr. Louis
Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 192. Woodcuts. 1855, 12mo. 2s. 6d.
Catalogue of the Auriculidae, Proserpinidae, and Truncatellida>
in the Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. Louis
Pfeiffer. Pp. iv., 150. Woodcuts. 1857, 12mo. Is. 9d.
List of the Mollusca in the Collection of the British Museum.
By John Edward Gray, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. :—
Part II. Olividse. Pp. 41. 1865, 12mo. Is.
Catalogue of the Conchifera,, or Bivalve Shells, in the
Collection of the British Museum. By M. Deshayes : —
Part I. Veneridse, Cyprinidae, Glauconomidae, and
Petricoladae. Pp. iv., 216. 1853, 12mo. 3s.
Part II. Petricoladae (concluded) ; Corbiculadae. Pp.
217-292. [With an Alphabetical Index to the two
parts.] 1854, 12mo. Gd.
12 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OF THE
BRACHIOPODA.
Catalogue of Brachiopoda Ancylopoda or Lamp Shells in the
Collection of the British Museum. [Issued as " Catalogue
of the Mollusca, Part IV."] Pp. iv., 128. 25 Woodcuts.
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1853, 12mo. 3s.
POLYZOA.
Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British
Museum. Part III. Cyclostamata. By George Busk,
F.R.S. Pp. viii., 39. 38 plates. [With a Systematic
Index]. 1875, 8vo. 5s.
CRUSTACEA.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Amphipodous Crustacea in
the Collection of the British Museum. By C. Spence Bate,
F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv., 399. 58 Plates. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1862, 8vo. II. 5s.
ARACHNIDA.
Descriptive Catalogue of the Spiders of Burma, based upon
the Collection made by Eugene W. Gates and preserved in
the British Museum/ By T. Thorell. Pp. xxxvi., 406.
[With Systematic List and Alphabetical Index.] 1895,
8vo. 10s. 6d.
INSECTS.
Coleopterous Insects.
Nomenclature of Coleopterous Insects in the Collection of
the British Museum : —
Part VII. Longicornia, I. By Adam White. Pp. iv.,
174. 4 Plates. 1853, 12mo. 2s. 6d
Part VIII. Longicornia, II. By Adam White. Pp. 237.
6 Plates. 1855, 12mo. 3s. 6d.
Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Coleoptera in the
Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Lycidse. By
Charles Owen Waterhouse. Pp. x., 83. 18 Coloured
Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.]
1879, 8vo. 16s.
Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of Madeira in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Vernon
Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xvi., 234 : 1 Plate. [With
a Topographical Catalogue and an Alphabetical Index.]
1857, 8vo. 3s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 13
Catalogue of the Coleopterous Insects of the Canaries in the
Collection of the British Museum. By T. Yernon
Wollaston, M.A., F.L.S. Pp. xiii., 648. [With Topo-
graphical and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1864, 8vo. 10s. 6d.
Catalogue of Halticidae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By the Rev. Hamlet Clark, M.A., F.L.S.
Physapodes and (Edipodes. Part I. Pp. xii., 301.
Frontispiece and 9 Plates. 1860, 8vo. 7s.
Catalogue of Hispidae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By Joseph S. Baly, M.E.S., &c. Part I. Pp. x.,
172. 9 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1858,
8vo. 6s.
Hymenopterous Insects.
Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the
British Museum. By Frederick Smith. 12mo. : —
Part II. Apidse. Pp. 199-465. 6 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1854. 6s.
Part III. Mutillidse and Pompilidse. Pp. 206. 6 Plates
1855. 6s.
Part IV. Sphegidse, Larridse, and Crabronidse. Pp. 207-
497. 6 Plates. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1856.
6s.
PartV. Vespidse. Pp.147. 6 Plates. [With an Alpha-
betical Index.] 1857. 6s.
Part VI. Formicidae. Pp. 216. 14 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1858. 6s.
Part VII. Dorylidae and Thynnidse. Pp. 76. 3 Plates.
[With an Alphabetical Index.] 1859. 2s.
List of Hymenoptera, with descriptions and figures of the
Typical Specimens in the British Museum. Vol. I.,
Tenthredinidse and Siricidae. By W. F. Kirby.
Pp. xxviii., 450. 16 Coloured Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1882, 8vo. 11. 18s.
Dipterous Insects.
A. Monograph of the Culicidae, or Mosquitoes. Mainly com-
piled from the Collections received at the British Museum
from various parts of the world in connection with the
14 .:-,; LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Investigation into the cause of Malaria conducted by the
Colonial Office and the Royal Society. By Fred. V.
Theobald, M.A., &c. :—
Vol. III. Pp. xvii., 359 : 17 plates, 1 diagram, and 193
illustrations in text. 1903, 8vo. 11. Is.
Vol. IV. Pp. xix., 639 : 16 plates and 297 text-figures.
[With Index.] 1907, 8vo. II. 12s. 6d.
Vol. V. Pp. xv., 646 : 6 plates and 261 text-figures.
[With Index.] 1910, 8vo. 11. 5s.
Handbook of the Tsetse-Flies [Genus Glossina]. By Ernest
Edward Austen. With 10 coloured plates and 24 text-
figures, by A. J. Engel Terzi, and 1 map. Pp. x., 110.
[With Index.] 1911, roy. 8vo. 5s. Qd.
Illustrations of African Blood-sucking Flies other than
Mosquitoes and Tsetse-Flies. By Ernest Edward Austen,
with coloured figures by Grace Edwards. Pp. xv., 221 :
13 coloured plates, 3 text-figures. 1909, roy. 8vo.
II 7s. 6d.
Lepidopterous Insects.
Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British
Museum. By Sir George F. Hampson, Bart. : —
Vol. I. Catalogue of the Syntomidae in the Collection
of the British Museum. Pp. xxi., 559 : 285 woodcuts.
[With Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1898,
8vo. 15s.
Atlas of 17 Coloured Plates, 8vo. 15s.
Vol. II. Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Litho-
sianae) in the Collection of the British Museum.
Pp. xx., 589 : 411 woodcuts. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1900, 8vo. 18s.
Atlas of 18 Coloured Plates (xviii.-xxxv.), 8vo. 15s.
Vol. III. Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Arctianae) and
Agaristidae in the Collection of the British Museum.
Pp. xix., 690 : 294 woodcuts. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1901, 8vo. 15s.
-r- Atlas of 19 Coloured Plates (xxxvi.-liv.), 8vo. 16s.
Vol. IV. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Agrotinae]. Pp.
xx., 689: 125 woodcuts. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1903, 8vo. 15s.
Atlas of 23 Coloured Plates (Iv.-lxxvii.), 8vo. 16s.
Vol. V. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Hadeninae]. Pp.
xvi., 634 : 172 woodcuts. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1905, 8vo. 15s.
Atlas of 18 Coloured Plates (Ixxviii.-xcv.), 8vo. 15s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 15
Catalogue of Lepidoptera Phalaenae — continued.
Vol. VI. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Cucullianae], Pp.
xiv., 532 : 172 woodcuts. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1906, Svo. 15s.
Atlas of 12 Coloured Plates (xcvi.-cvii.), 8vo. 10s.
Vol. VII. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Acronyctinae].
Pp. xv., 709 : 184 woodcuts. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes. | 1908, 8vo. 17s.
Atlas of 15 Coloured Plates (cviii.-cxxii.), Svo. 13s.
Vol. VIII. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Acronyctinae, II.].
Pp. xiv., 583 : 162 woodcuts. [With Table of the
Phylogeny of the Acronyctinae, and Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1909, 8vo. 15s.
Atlas of 14 Coloured Plates (cxxiii.-cxxxvi.), Svo.
12s.
Vol. IX. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Acronyctinae, III.]
Pp. xv., 552 : 247 woodcuts. [With Table of the
Phylogeny of the Acronyctinae, and Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1910, 8vo. 15s.
Atlas of 11 Coloured Plates (cxxxvii.-cxlvii.), 8vo.
12s.
Vol. X. Catalogue of the Noctuidae [Erastrianae].
Pp. xix., 829 : 214 woodcuts. [With Table of the
Phylogeny of the Erastrianae, and Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1910, 8vo. II.
Atlas of 26 Coloured Plates (cxlviii.-clxxiii.). 1911,
Svo. II.
Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera
in the Collection of the British Museum : —
Part V. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xii., 74.
78-100 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.]
1881, 4to. 21. 10s.
Part VI. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. xv., 89.
101-120 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic Index.]
1886, 4to. 21. 4s.
Part VII. By Arthur Gardiner Butler. Pp. iv., 124.
121-138 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List,]
1889, 4to. 21.
Part VIII. The Lepidoptera Heterocera of the Nilgiri
District. By George Francis Hampson. Pp. iv., 144.
139-156 Coloured Plates. [With a Systematic List.]
1891, 4to. 21.
Part IX. The Macrolepidoptera Heterocera of Ceylon.
By George Francis Hampson. Pp. v., 182. 157-176
Coloured Plates. [With a General Systematic List of
Species collected in, or recorded from, Ceylon.] 1893,
4to. 21. 2s.
16 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Catalogue of the Collection of Palaearctic Butterflies formed
by the late John Henry Leech, and presented to the
Trustees of the British Museum by his Mother, Mrs. Eliza
Leech. By Richard South, F.E.S. Pp.vi.,228. 2 Coloured
Plates. With a Portrait and Biographical Memoir of Mr.
Leech. 1902, 4to. 11.
Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera described by Fabricius in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Arthur Gardiner
Butler, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 303. 3 Plates. 1869, 8vo. 7s. Qd.
List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker.
12mo. :—
Part XXV. Pp. 1281-1477. 1862. 3s.
Part XXVIII. Tortricites and Tineites. Pp. 287-561.
1863. 4:8.
Part XXXI. Supplement. Pp. 1-321. 1864. 5s.
Part XXXIII. Part 3. Pp. 707-1120.
1865. 6s.
Neuropterous Insects.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Neuropterous Insects in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Dr. H. Hagen.
Part I. Termitina. Pp. 34. 1858, 12mo. 6d.
Orthopterous Insects.
Catalogue of Orthopterous Insects in the Collection of the
British Museum. Part I. Phasmidse. By John Obadiah
Westwood, F.L.S., &c. Pp. 195. 48 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1859, 4to. 3Z.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Blattariae in the Collection of
the British Museum. By Francis Walker, F.L.S., &c.
Pp. 239. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1868, 8vo.
5s. Qd.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 17
Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the
Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker,
F.L.S., &c. :—
Part II. Locustidae (continued). Pp. 225-423. [With
an Alphabetical Index.] 1869, 8vo. 4s. Gd.
Part III. Locustidae (continued). — Acrididae. Pp. 425-
604. [With an Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 4s.
IV. Acrididse (continued). Pp. 605-809. [With
Alphabetical Index.] 1870, 8vo. 6s.
Part IV. Acrididse
an
Part V. Tettigidae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of
Blattariae. — Supplement to the Catalogue of Dermaptera
Saltatoria (with remarks on the Geographical Distri-
bution of Dermaptera). Pp. 811-850 ; 43 ; 116.
[With Alphabetical Indexes.] 1870, 8vo. 6s.
Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera. By W. F. Kirby : —
Vol. I. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria, et Gres-
soria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae,
Phasmidse.) Pp. x., 501. [With Index.] 1904,
8vo. 10s.
Vol. II. Orthoptera Saltatoria, Part I. (Achetidae et
Phasgonuridse.) Pp. viii., 562. [With Index.] 1906,
8vo. 15s.
Vol. III. Orthoptera Saltatoria, Part II. (Locustidae
vel Acridiidse.) Pp. vii., 674. [With Index.] 1910.
8vo. 11.
Hemipterous Insects.
Catalogue of the Specimens of Heteropterous Hemiptera in
the Collection of the British Museum. By Francis Walker,
F.L.S., &c. 8vo. :—
Part VI. Pp. 210. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 5s.
Part VII. Pp. 213. [With Alphabetical Index.] 1873. 6s.
Homopterous Insects.
A Synonymic Catalogue of Homoptera. Part I. Cicadidse.
By W. L. Distant. Pp. 207. [Index.] 1906, 8vo. 5s.
18 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
VERMES.
Catalogue of the Species of Entozoa, or Intestinal Worms,
contained in the Collection of the British Museum. By
Dr. Baird. Pp. iv., 132. 2 Plates. [With an Index of
the Animals in which the Entozoa mentioned in the
Catalogue are found, and an Index of Genera and
Species.] 1853, 12mo. 2s.
ANTHOZOA.
Catalogue of Sea-pens or Pennatulariidse in the Collection of
the British Museum. By J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c. Pp. iv.,
40. 2 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. Is. 6d.
Catalogue of Lithophytes or Stony Corals in the Collection
of the British Museum. By * J. E. Gray, F.R.S., &c.
Pp, iv., 51. 14 Woodcuts. 1870, 8vo. 3s.
Catalogue of the Madreporarian Corals in the British
Museum (Natural History) : —
Vol. I. The Genus Madrepora. By George Brook.
Pp. xi., 212. 35 Collotype Plates. [With Systematic
and Alphabetical Indexes, and Explanation of the
Plates.] 1893, 4to. II. 4s.
Vol. II. The Genus Turbinaria ; the Genus Astrseopora.
By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Cantab., F.L.S., F.Z.S.
Pp. iv., 106. 30 Collotype and 3 Lithographic Plates.
[With Index of Generic and Specific Names, and
Explanation of the Plates.] 1896, 4to. 18s.
Vol. III. The Genus Montipora ; the Genus Anacro-
pora. By Henry M. Bernard, M.A., &c. Pp. vii., 192.
30 Collotype and 4 Lithographic Plates. [With Syste-
matic Index, Index of Generic and Specific Names,
and Explanation of the Plates.] 1897, 4to. 11. 4s.
Vol. IV. The Family Poritidae. I. — The Genus
Goniopora. By Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Pp. viii.,
206. 12 Collotype and 4 Lithographic Plates. [With
Index of Generic and Specific Names, and Explanation
of the Plates.] 1903, 4to. II.
Vol. V. The Family Poritidse. II.— The Genus Porites.
Part I. — Porites of the Indo-Pacific Region. By
Henry M. Bernard, M.A. Pp. vi., 303. 35 Plates.
[With Index of Generic and Specific Names and
Explanation of the Plates.] 1905, 4to. II. 15s.
Vol. VI. The Family Poritidse. II.— The Genus Porites.
Part II. — Porites of the Atlantic and West Indies, with
the European Fossil Forms. The Genus Goniopora,
a supplement to Vol. IV. By Henry M. Bernard, M.A.
Pp. vi., 173. 16 Collotype and 1 Lithographic Plates.
. :J [With Index of Generic and Specific Names, and
Explanation of the Plates.] 1906, 4to. II.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 19
BRITISH ANIMALS.
Catalogue of British Birds in the Collection of the British
Museum. By George Robert Gray, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c.
Pp. xii., 248. [With a List of Species.] 1863, 8vo. 3s. 6d.
Catalogue of British Hymenoptera in the Collection of the
British Museum. Second edition. Part I. Andrenide
and Apidae. By Frederick Smith, M.E.S. New issue
Pp. xi. 236. 11 Plates. [_With Systematic and Alpha-
betical Index.] 1891, 8vo. 6s.
Catalogue of British Fossorial Hymenoptera, Formicidae, and
Vespidse in the Collection ot the British Museum. By
Frederick Smith, V.P.E.S. Pp. 236. 6 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1858, 12mo. 6s.
Catalogue of British Hymenoptera of the Family Chalcididae.
By Claude Morley, F.Z.S., F.E.S. Pp. 74. [Index.]
1910, Svo. 3s. 6d.
Illustrations of British Blood-sucking Flies, with notes by
Ernest Edward Austen, Assistant, Department of Zoology,
British Museum (N.H.). Pp. 74. 34 Coloured Plates.
1906, roy. Svo. 11. 5s.
A Catalogue of the British Non-parasitical Worms in the
Collection of the British Museum. By George Johnston,
M.D., Edin., F.R.C.L., Ed., LL.D., Marischal Coll., Aber-
deen, &c. Pp. 365. Woodcuts and 24 Plates. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1865, 8vo. 7s.
Catalogue of the British Echinoderms in the British Museum
(Natural History). By F. Jeffrey Bell, M.A. Pp. xvii., 202.
Woodcuts and 16 Plates (2 Coloured). [With Table of
Contents, Tables of Distribution, Alphabetical Index,
Description of the Plates, &c.] 1892, Svo. 12s. od.
List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection
of the British Museum ; with Synonyma and References
to figures. 12mo. : —
Part V. Lepidoptera. By J. F. Stephens. 2nd Edition.
Revised by H. T. Stainton and E. Shepherd. Pp. iv.,
224. 1856. Is. 9d.
Part VI. Hymenoptera, By F. Smith. Pp.134. J851. 2s.
Part VII. Mollusca, Acephala and Brachiopoda. By
Dr. J. E. Gray. Pp. iv., 167. 1851. 3s. 6d.
Part VIII. Fish. By Adam White. Pp. xxiii., 164.
(With Index and List of Donors.) 1851. 3s. 6d.
20 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection
of the British Museum — continued.
Part XI. Anoplura, or Parasitic Insects. By H. Denny.
Pp. iv., 51. 1852. Is.
Part XII. Lepidoptera (continued). By James F.
Stephens. Pp. iv., 54. 1852. 9d.
Part XIII. Nomenclature of Hymen optera. By
Frederick Smith. Pp. iv., 74. 1853. Is. 4d.
Part XIY. Nomenclature of Neuroptera. By Adam
White. Pp. iv., 16. 1853. 6d.
Part XV. Nomenclature of Diptera, I. By Adam
White. Pp. iv., 42. 1853. Is.
Part XVI. Lepidoptera (completed). By H. T. Stainton.
Pp.199. [With an Index.] 1854. 3s.
PLANTS.
Illustrations of Australian Plants collected in 1770 during
Captain Cook's Voyage round the World in H.M.S.
" Endeavour." By the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks,
Bart., K.B., P.R.S., and Dr. Daniel Solander, F.R.S.
[Being a series of lithographic reproductions of copper-
plates engraved after paintings by F. P. Nodder, James
Miller, J. F. Miller, and John Cleveley.] With Introduc-
tion and Determinations by James Britten, F.L.S., Senior
Assistant, Department of Botany, British Museum : —
Part I. — 101 Plates, with 31 pages of descriptive text.
1900, fol. II. 5s.
Part II.— 142 Plates (pis. 101-243), with 41 pages of
descriptive text (pp. 35-75). 1901, fol. II. 15s.
Part III.— 77 Plates (pis. 244-318, 45A, and 122), with
26 pages of descriptive text, including Index to the
whole work (pp. 77-102), and 3 maps. 1905, fol. 11. 5s.
Catalogue of the African Plants collected by Dr. Friedrich
Welwitsch in 1853-61 :—
Vol. I. Dicotyledons. By William Philip Hiern, M.A.,
F.L.S., &c. :—
Part I. [Ranunculaceae to Rhizophoracese.] Pp.
xxvi., 336. [With Portrait of Dr. Welwitsch.
Introduction, Bibliography, and Index of Genera.]
1896. 8vo. 7s. 6d.
Part II. Combretaceae to Rubiaceaa. Pp. 337-510.
[With Index of Genera.] 1898, 8vo. 4s.
Part III. Dipsaceae to Scrophulariacese. Pp. 511-
784. [With Index of Genera.] 1898, 8vo. 5s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 21
Catalogue of the African Plants collected by Dr. Friedrich
Welwitsch in 1853-61 — continued.
Vol. I. — continued.
Part IV. Lentibulariaceae to Ceratophylleae. Pp. 785-
1035. [With Index.] 1900, 8vo. 5s.
Vol. II. Monocotyledons, Gymnosperms, and Crypto-
gams : —
Part I. Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms. By
Alfred Barton Rendle, M.A., D.Sc., F.L.S., Assis-
tant, Department of Botany. Pp. 260. [With
Index of Genera.] 1899, 8vo. 6s.
Part II. Cryptogamia. Pp. 261-566. [With Table
of Errata, and General Index to the whole work.]
1901, 8vo. 6s.
Vascular Cryptogams ... By William Carruthers, F.R.S.
Mosses „ Antony Gepp, M.A., F.L.S.
Hepatics ... „ F. Stephani.
Marine Algae ... ... „ Ethel S. Barton.
Freshwater Algae „ W. West, F.L.S., and G. S,
West, B.A.
Diatomaceae „ Thomas Comber, F.L.S.
Lichenes ... „ E. A. Wainio.
Fungi ,. „ Annie Lorrain Smith.
Mycetozoa „ Arthur Lister, F.R.S.
Flora of Jamaica, containing descriptions of the Flowering
Plants known from the Island. By William Fawcett,
B.Sc., F.L.S., etc., and A. B. Rendle, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.,
F.L.S., etc. Vol. I. Orchidacese. Pp. xx., 150 : 32 Plates.
[With Index of Genera and Species.] 1910, 8vo.
10s. Qd.
Synopsis of the British Basidiomycetes : a Descriptive
Catalogue of the Drawings and Specimens in the Depart-
ment of Botany, British Museum. By Worthington George
Smith, -F.L.S. Pp. 531. 5 Plates and 145 Figures in
Text. [With Index.] 1908, 8vo. 10s.
A Monograph of Lichens found in Britain : being a Descrip-
tive Catalogue of the Species in the Herbarium of the
British Museum : —
Part II. By Annie Lorrain Smith, F.L.S. Pp. [viii.,]
409 : 59 Plates. [With List of Plates, Glossary, and
Index.] 1911, 8vo. II.
A Monograph of the Mycetozoa : a Descriptive Catalogue
of the Species in the Herbarium' of the British Museum.
By Arthur Lister, F.R.S., F.L.S. Second Edition,
revised by Gulielma Lister, F.L.S. Pp. 302. 201 Plates
(120 coloured). 56 Woodcuts. [With Indexes, Biblio-
graphy, Glossary, etc.] 1911, 8vo. 11. 10s.
List of British Diatomaceae in the Collection of the British
Museum. By the Rev. W. Smith, F.L.S., &c. Pp. iv., 55.
1859, 12mo. Is.
22 LIST OP PUBLICATIONS OF THE
FOSSILS.
Catalogue of the Fossil Mammalia in the British Museum
(Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A., F.G.S.I—
Part I. Containing the Orders Primates, Chiroptera,
Insectivora, Carnivora, and Rodentia. Pp. xxx., 268.
33 Woodcuts. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 5s.
Part II. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder
Artiodactyla. Pp. xxii., 324. 39 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic and Alphabetical Indexes.] 1885, 8vo. 6s.
Part III. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborders
Perissodactyla, Toxodontia, Condylarthra, and Ambly-
poda. Pp. xvi., 186. 30 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species,
including Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. 4s.
Part IV. Containing the Order Ungulata, Suborder
Proboscidea. Pp. xxiv., 235. 33 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1886, 8vo. 5s.
Part V. Containing the Group Tillodontia, the Orders
Sirenia, Cetacea, Edentata, Marsupialia, Monotremata,
and Supplement. Pp. xxxv., 345. 55 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1887 , 8vo. 6s.
Catalogue of the Fossil Birds in the British Museum (Natural
History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A. Pp. xxvii., 368.
75 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1891,
8vo. 10s. 6d.
Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British
Museum (Natural History). By Richard Lydekker, B.A.,
F.G.S. :—
Part I. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia,
Dinosauria, Squamata, Rhynchocephalia, and Pro-
terosauria. Pp. xxviii., 309. 69 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888, 8vo. 7s. 6d.
Part II. Containing the Orders Ichthyopterygia and
Sauropterygia. Pp. xxi., 307. 85 Woodcuts. [With
Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species, including Synonyms.] 1889, 8vo. 7s. 6d.
Part III. Containing the Order Chelonia. Pp. xviii.,
239. 53 Woodcuts. [With Systematic Index, and
Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species including
Synonyms.] 1889, 8vo. 7s. Gd.
Part IV. Containing the Orders Anomodontia, Ecaudata,
Caudata, and Labyrinthodontia ; and Supplement.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 23
Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British
Museum — continued.
Pp. xxiii., 295. 66 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index, Alphabetical Index of Genera and Species,
including Synonyms, and Alphabetical Index of Genera
and Species to the entire work.] 1890, 8vo. 7s. 6d.
A descriptive Catalogue of the Marine Reptiles of the
Oxford Clay. Based on the Leeds Collection in the
British Museum (Natural History), London. Part I. By
C. W. Andrews, D.Sc., F.R.S. Pp. xxiii., 205 : 94 Text-
figures, 11 Plates. [With Systematic and Alphabetical
Indexes, List of Illustrations, Explanations of Plates, &c.]
1910, 4to. II. 5s.
Catalogue of the Fossil Fishes in the British Museum (Natural
History). By Arthur Smith Woodward, LLD., F.R.S.,
F.G.S., Ac. :—
Part I. Containing the Elasmobranchii. Pp. xlvii.,
474. 13 Woodcuts and 17 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.]
1889, 8vo. II. Is.
Part II. Containing the Elasmobranchii (Acanthodii),
Holocephali, Ichthyodorulites, Ostracodermi, Dipnoi,
and Teleostomi (Crossopterygii and Chondrostean
Actinopterygii). Pp. xliv., 567. 58 Woodcuts and
16 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, and Systematic
Index of Genera and Species.] 1891, 8vo. II. Is.
Part III. Containing the Actinopterygian Teleostomi
of the Orders Ohondrostei (concluded), Protospondyli,
Aetheospondyli, and Isospondyli (in part). Pp. xlii.,
544. 45 Woodcuts and 18 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, and Systematic Index of Genera and Species.]
1895, 8vo. II. Is.
Part IV. Containing the Actinopterygian Teleostomi of
the Suborders Isospondyli (in part), Ostariophysi,
Apodes, Percesoces, Hemibranchii, Acanthopterygii,
and Anacanthini. Pp. xxxix., 636. 22 Woodcuts
and 19 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, and
Systematic Index of Genera and Species.] 1901,
8vo. II. Is.
A descriptive Catalogue of the Tertiary Vertebrata of the
Fayum, Egypt. Based on the Collection of the Egyptian
Government in the Geological Museum, Cairo, and on the
Collection in the British Museum (Natural History),
London. By C. W. Andrews, D.Sc. Pp. xxxvii., 324 :
98 Text Figures and 26 Plates. [With Systematic and
Alphabetical Indexes.] 1906, 4to. II. 15s.
Systematic List of the Edwards Collection of British Oligocene
and Eocene Mollusca in the British Museum (Natural
24 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OP THE
History), with, references to the type-specimens from
similar horizons contained in other collections belonging
to the Geological Department of the Museum. By Richard
Bullen Newton, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 365. [With table of
Families and Genera, Bibliography, Correlation-table,
Appendix, and Alphabetical Index.] 1891, 8vo. 6s.
Catalogue of Tertiary Mollusca in the Department of Geology,
British Museum (Natural History). Part I. The Austra-
lasian Tertiary Mollusca. By George F. Harris, F.G.S., &c.
Pp. xxvi., 407. 8 Plates. [With Table of Families, Genera,
and Sub-Genera, and Index.] 1897, 8vo. 10s.
Catalogue of the Fossil Cephalopoda in the British Museum
(Natural History) : —
Parti. Containing part of the Suborder Nautiloidea, con-
sisting of the families Orthoceratidae, Endoceratidae,
Actinoceratidae, Gomphoceratidae, Ascoceratidae,
Poterioceratidae, Cyrtoceratidae, and Supplement. By
Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. Pp. xxxi., 344. 51 Woodcuts.
[With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical Index of
Genera and Species, including Synonyms.] 1888,
8vo. 10s. Qd.
Part II. Containing the remainder of the Suborder
Nautiloidea, consisting of the families Lituitidae,
Trochoceratidae, Nautilidae, and Supplement. By
Arthur H. Foord, F.G.S. Pp. xxviii., 407. 86 Wood-
cuts. [With Systematic Index, and Alphabetical
Index of Genera and Species, including Synonyms.]
1891, 8vo. 15s.
Part III. Containing the Bactritidae, and part of the
Suborder Ammonoidea. By Arthur H. Foord, Ph.D.,
F.G.S., and George Charles Crick, A.R.S.M., F.G.S.
Pp. xxxiii., 303. 146 Woodcuts. [With Systematic
Index of Genera and Species, and Alphabetical Index.]
1897, 8vo. 12s. Gd.
List of theTypes and Figured Specimens of Fossil Cephalopoda
in the British Museum (Natural History). By G. C. Crick,
F.G.S. Pp. 103. [With Index.] 1898, 8vo. 2s. 6d.
A Catalogue of British Fossil Crustacea, with their Synonyms
and the Range in Time of each Genus and Order. By
Henry Woodward, F.R.S. Pp. xii., 155. [With an
Alphabetical Index.] 1877, 8vo. 5s.
Catalogue of the Fossil Bryozoa in the Department of
Geology, British Museum (Natural History): —
The Jurassic Bryozoa. By J. W. Gregory, D.Sc., F.G.S.,
F.Z.S. Pp. [viii.,] 239 : 22 Woodcuts and 11 Plates.
[With List of Species and Distribution, Bibliography,
Index, and Explanation of Plates.] 1896, 8vo. 10s.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 25
Catalogue of the Fossil Bryozoa in the British Museum — cont.
The Cretaceous Bryozoa. By J. W. Gregory, D.Sc.,
F.R.S., &c. :—
Vol. I. Pp. xiv., 457 : 64 Woodcuts arid 17 Plates.
[With Index and Explanation of Plates.] 1899,
8vo. 16s.
Vol. II. Pp. xlviii., 346. 75 Woodcuts and 9 Plates.
[With List of Localities, Bibliography, Subject
and Systematic Indexes, and Explanation of
Plates.] 1909, 8vo. 13s.
Catalogue of the Blastoidea in the Geological Department of
the British Museum (Natural History), with an account of
the morphology and systematic position of the group, and
a revision of the genera and species. By Robert Etheridge,
jun., of the Department of Geology, British Museum
(Natural History), and P. Herbert Carpenter, D.Sc., F.R.S.,
F.L.S. (of Eton College). Pp. xv., 322. 20 Plates. [With
Preface by Dr. H. Woodward, Table of Contents, General
Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1886, 4io. II. 5s.
The Genera and Species of Blastoidea, with a List of the
Specimens in the British Museum (Natural History). By
F. A. Bather, M.A., F.G.S., of the Geological Department.
Pp. x., 70. 1 Woodcut. 1899, 8vo. 3s.
Catalogue of the Palaeozoic Plants in the Department of
Geology and Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural
History). By Robert Kidston, F.G.S. Pp. viii., 288.
[With a list of works quoted, and an Index.] 1886,
8vo. 5s.
Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the Department of
Geology, British Museum (Natural History). By
A. C. Seward, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., University Lecturer
in Botany and Fellow of Emanuel College, Cambridge : —
Part I. The Wealden Flora. Part I. Thallophyta—
Pteridophyta. Pp. xxxviii., 179. 17 Woodcuts and
11 Plates. [With Alphabetical Index, Explanations
of the Plates, &c.] 1894, 8vo. 10s.
Part II. The Wealden Flora. Part II. Gymnospermse.
Pp. viii., 259. 9 Woodcuts and 20 Plates. [With
Alphabetical Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.]
1895, 8vo. 15s.
Part III. The Jurassic Flora. Part I. The Yorkshire
Coast. Pp. xii., 341. 53 Woodcuts and 21 Plates.
[With Alphabetical Index, Explanations of the Plates,
&c.] 1900, 8vo. 11.
26 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
Catalogue of the Mesozoic Plants in the Department of
Geology, British Museum — continued.
Part IV. The Jurassic Flora. II. — Liassic and
Oolitic Floras of England (excluding the Inferior
Oolite Plants of the Yorkshire Coast). Pp. xv., 192.
20 Woodcuts and 13 Plates. [With Alphabetical
Index, Explanations of the Plates, &c.] 1904, 8vo. 10s.
Catalogue of the Fossil Plants of the Glossopteris Flora in
the Department of Geology, British Museum (Natural
History). Being a Monograph of the Permo-carboniferous
Flora* of India and the Southern Hemisphere. By E. A.
Newell Arber, M.A., F.L.S., F.G.S. Pp. Ixxiv., 255 : 51
Text-Figures and 8 Plates. [With Bibliography and
Alphabetical Index.] 1905, 8vo. 12s. 6d.
GUIDE-BOOKS, ETC.
A General Guide to the British Museum (Natural History),
Cromwell Road, London, S.W. Twelfth Edition. With
59 woodcuts, 2 plans, 2 views of the building, and an
illustrated cover. Pp, x., 117. 1909, 8vo. 3d.
Guide to the Specimens illustrating the Races of Mankind
(Anthropology), exhibited in the Department of Zoology,
British Museum (Natural History). [By R. Lydekker,
F.R.S.] Illustrated by 16 Figures. Pp.31. 1908, 8vo. ±d.
Guide to the Galleries of Mammals (other than Ungulates)
in the Department of Zoology of the British Museum
(Natural History). Eighth Edition. Pp. 101. 52
Woodcuts and 4 plans. Index. 1906, 8vo. Qd.
Guide to the Great Game Animals (Ungulata) in the Depart-
ment of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History). Pp.
93. 53 Text and other figures. With list of Horns,
Antlers and Tusks, and Index. 1907, 8vo. Is.
Guide to the Elephants (Recent and Fossil) exhibited in
the Department of Geology and Palaeontology in the British
Museum (Natural History). [By Dr. C. W. Andrews,
F.R.S.] Illustrated by 31 text-figures. Pp. 46. 1908,
8vo. Qd.
Guide to the Specimens of the Horse Family (Equidae)
exhibited in the Department of Zoology, British Museum
(Natural History). [By R. Lydekker, F.R.S.] Pp. 42.
26 Figures. 1907, 8vo. Is.
Guide to the Domesticated Animals (other than Horses)
exhibited in the Central and North Halls of the British
Museum (Natural History). [By R. Lydekker, F.R.S.]
Illustrated by 24 Figures. Pp. 55. [With table of Contents,
List of Illustrations, and Index.] 1908, 8vo. 6d.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 27
Guide to the Whales, Porpoises, and Dolphins (order Cetacea)
exhibited in the Department of Zoology, British Museum
(Natural History). [By R. Lydekker, F.R.S.] Illustrated
by 33 Figures. Pp. 47. [With Index.] 1909, 8vo. 4d.
Guide to the Gallery of Birds in the Department of
Zoology, British Museum (Natural History). [By W. R.
Ogilvie Grant.] Second Edition. Pp. iv., 228. 25 Plates,
and 7 Illustrations in text, [With Index.] 1910, 4to.
2s. 6r/.
Guide to the Gallery of Birds in the Department of Zoology,
British Museum (Natural History). [By W. R. Ogilvie
Grant.] :—
Part I. General Series. Pp. 149. [With Index.]
1905, 4to. Qd.
Part II. Nesting Series of British Birds. Second
Edition. Pp.62. 4 Plates. [Index.] 1909, 4to. 4d.
Guide to the Gallery of Reptilia and Amphibia in the
Department of Zoology of the British Museum (Natural
History). [By R. Lydekker, F.R.S.] Illustrated by
76 text and other Figures. Pp. iv., 75. [With Table of
Contents.] 1906, 8vo. 6d.
Guide to the Gallery of Fishes in the Department of Zoology
of the British Museum (Natural History). [By Dr. W. G.
Ridewood.] Illustrated by 96 Figures. Pp. v., 209.
[With Preface by Sir E. Ray Lankester, Table of
Classification, and Index.] 1908, 8vo. Is.
Guide to the British Vertebrates Exhibited in the Depart-
ment of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History).
[By W. P. Pycraft,] Pp. iv., 122. 26 Text-Figures,
1 Plan. [With Index.] 1910, 8vo. Is.
Guide to the exhibited series of Insects in the Department
of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History). By C. 0.
Waterhouse. Second Edition. Pp. 65 : 62 text- and full-
page Illustrations. [With Table of Contents and Index.]
1909, 8vo. Is.
Guide to the Crustacea, Arachnida, Onychophora and My-
riopoda exhibited in the Department of Zoology, British
Museum (Natural History). (By W. T. Caiman, D.Sc.,
A. S. Hirst, and F. J. Bell.) Pp. 133 : 90 Text- Figures.
[With Table of Contents and Index.] 1910, 8vo. Is.
Guide to the Shell and Starfish Galleries (Mollusca, Polyzoa,
Brachiopoda, Tunicata, Echinoderina, and Worms).
Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History).
Fifth Edition. Pp. iv., 133. 125 Woodcuts, Plan and
Indexes. 1908, 8vo. 6d.
Guide to the Coral Gallery (Protozoa, Porifera or Sponges,
Hydrozoa, and Anthozoa) in the Department of Zoology,
British Museum (Natural History). Second Edition.
Pp. [iv., 8] 73. 90 Illustrations, Plan and Index.
1907, 8vo. Is.
28 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS OF THE
A Guide to the Fossil Mammals and Birds in the Department
of Geology and Palaeontology in the British Museum
(Natural History). Ninth Edition. [By A. S. Woodward,
LL.D., F.R.S.] Pp. xvi., 100. 6 Plates, 88 Text-Figures.
[With List of Illustrations, Table of Stratified Rocks, and
Index.] 1909, 8vo. 6d.
A Guide to the Fossil Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes in
the Department of Geology and Palaeontology in the
British Museum (Natural History). Ninth Edition. [By
A. S. Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S.] Pp. xviii., 110. 8 Plates
and .116 Text-Figures. [With Table of Contents, Lists of
Illustrations, Geological Time-Scale, and Index.] 1910,
8vo. 9d.
A Guide to the Fossil Invertebrate Animals in the Depart-
ment of Geology and Palaeontology in the British Museum
(Natural History). [By F. A. Bather, D.Sc., F.R.S.]
Second Edition. Pp. x., 183. 7 Plates and 96 Text-Figures.
[With List of Illustrations, Geological Time scale, and
Index.] 1911, 8vo. Is.
List of British Seed-plants and Ferns exhibited in the
Department of Botany, British Museum (Natural History).
[By A. B. Rendle, D.Sc., F.R.S., and J. Britten, F.L.S.]
With table of Sequence of Orders, and Index of Genera.
Pp. 44. 1907, 8vo. 4e?.
Guide to Sowerby's Models of British Fungi in the De-
partment of Botany, British Museum (Natural History).
Second Edition, revised. By Worthington G. Smith, F.L.S.
Pp. 85. 91 Woodcuts. With Table of Diagnostic Characters,
Glossary, and Index. 1908, 8vo. 4d.
*Guide to Mr. Worthington Smith's Drawings of Field and
Cultivated Mushrooms, and Poisonous or Worthless
Fungi, often mistaken for Mushrooms, exhibited in the
Department of Botany, British Museum (Natural
History). Pp. 24 : 2 Plates, containing 28 coloured
figures ; 4 text- Figures. 1910, 8vo., Is.
Guide to the British Mycetozoa exhibited in the Department
of Botany, British Museum (Natural History). [By Arthur
Lister, F.R.S.] Third Edition, revised. Pp. 49. 46
Woodcuts. Index. 1909, 8vo. 3d.
A Guide to the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum
(Natural History). Eleventh Edition. Pp. 32. Plan.
1911, 8vo. Id.
The Student's Index to the Collection of Minerals, British
Museum (Natural History). Twenty-fourth Edition.
Pp. 36. With a Plan of the Mineral Gallery. 1911,
8vo. 2d.
* The plates may be had separately in one sheet mounted on linen and
varnished. Price l^or Is. 2d. post free.
BRITISH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY). 29
An Introduction to the Study of Minerals, with a Guide to
the Mineral Gallery of the British Museum (Natural
History). By L. Fletcher, M.A., F.R.S. Thirteenth Edition.
Pp. 123. 41 Woodcuts. With Plan of the Mineral
Gallery and Index. 1910, 8vo. 6d.
An Introduction to the Study of Rocks and Guide to the
Museum Collection. Fourth Edition. By L. Fletcher,
M.A., F.R.S. Pp. 155. [With Plan of the Mineral Gallery,
Table of Contents, and Index.] 1909, Svo. Is.
An Introduction to the Study of Meteorites, with a List of the
Meteorites represented in the Collection. By L. Fletcher,
M.A., F.R.S., &c. Tenth Edition. Pp. 120. [With a Plan
of the Mineral Gallery, and an Index to the Meteorites
represented in the Collection.] 1908, Svo. 6d.
SPECIAL GUIDES.
No. 2. — Books and Portraits illustrating the History of Plant
Classification exhibited in the Department of Botany.
Second Edition. [By A. B. Rendle, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.]
Pp. 19. 4 Plates. 1909, Svo. 4d.
No. 3. — Memorials of Linnaeus : a collection of Portraits,
Manuscripts, Specimens, and Books exhibited to com-
memorate the Bicentenary of his Birth. [By A. B.
Rendle, M.A., D.Sc.] Pp. 16. 2 Plates. 1907, Svo. 3d.
No. 4. — Memorials of Charles Darwin : a Collection of
Manuscripts, Portraits, Medals, Books, and Natural History
Specimens to commemorate the Centenary of his Birth
and the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Publication of " The
Origin of Species." (Second Edition.) [By W. G. Ride-
wood, D.Sc.] Pp. vi., 50. 2 Plates. 1910, Svo. 6d.
No. 5. — Guide to the Exhibition of Animals, Plants, and
Minerals mentioned in the Bible. Second Edition.
Pp. vii., 78. 7 Text-figures. 1911, Svo. Qd.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR COLLECTORS.
Handbook of Instructions for Collectors, issued by the
British Museum (Natural. History). With Illustrations.
Third Edition. Pp. 144. Index. 1906, Svo. Is. 6d.
Instructions for Collectors : —
No. 1.— Mammals. Fourth Edition. Pp. 8. Text illust.
1912, Svo. 3d.
No. 2.— Birds. Fourth Edition. Pp. 10. 5 figures in text.
1908, Svo. 3d.
No. 3. — Reptiles, Batrachinians, and Fishes. [Third
Edition.] Pp. 12. 1903, Svo. 4d
No. 4. — Insects. Fifth Edition. Pp. 11. Text illust.
1911, Svo. 3d.
30 LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, &C. (NATURAL HISTORY).
No. 5.— Diptera (Two-winged Flies). Third Edition.
Pp. 16. Text illust. 1908, 8vo. 3d.
No. 6.— Mosquitoes (Culicidse). [Third Edition.] Pp. 8.
1 Plate, 1 figure in text. 1904, 8vo. 3d.
No. 7.— Blood-sucking Flies, Ticks, &c. By E. E. Austen.
Third Edition. Pp. 24 : 13 figures in text. 1907, 8vo. 3d.
No. 8. — Spiders, Centipedes, &c. Second Edition. Pp. 4.
1906, 8vo. 3d.
No. 9. — Soft-bodied and other Invertebrate Animals ; Shells
of Molluscs. Third Edition. Pp. 18. 1909, 8vo. 3d.
No. 10.— Plants. Fourth Edition. Pp. 10 : 3 figures in text.
1909, 8vo. 3d.
No. 11.— Fossils and Minerals. Third Edition. Pp. 8.
1906, 8vo. 3d.
British Museum (Natural History),
Cromwell Road,
London, S.W.
March, 1912.
LONDON:
PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFIOF
BT DARLING & SON, LTD., 84-40, ^ BACON 8^ I ? '
1912.
U. C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES
CD572fl37Eb
41849 L
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11