OK
•Y65
1883
<i
Arnold Arboretut
Purchase
November 1971
>:)aiem, Mass.
CATALOG^UE
Flora of Oak Island,
EEVERE, MASSACHUSETTS.
WITH NOTES
BY HERBERT A. YOUNG.
[from the bulletin, ESSEX INSTITUTE.!
PEABODY ACADEMY OF SCIENCE
SALEM.
1883.
LIBRARY
NEW YORK
i'i'i
■ Vt^/?. TVKNPIKC._
Rr.hotyp'^FraitiTig Co. Boitcri-
CATALOGUE OF THP: FLORA OF "OAK ISLAND,"
REVERE, MASSACHUSETTS: WITH NOTES.
By Herbeut a. Young.
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY.
By John Robinsox.
"Oak Island," or " Chelsea Beach Island," as it was
called before North Chelsea was rechristened Revere, is
a slight elevation of land, covered with trees, hardly
reaching more than three or four feet above the surround-
ing saltniarsh, within the limits of the town of Revere,
Massachusetts, and just a few rods beyond the inlet which
separates that town from the town of Saugus in Essex
County.
The island begins at al)()ut 800 feet back from what is
now called Revere beach, with a strip of land running
north and south 1,000 feet, having a breadth of 100 feet
which is connected with the larger portion of the island
which runs east and west some 1,400 feet, and has a
breadth of 800 feet. This latter portion is divided into
two unequal parts by the Eastern Railway which runs
through it north and south. The Salem and Boston turn-
pike road runs by the island to the west at a distance of
about a quarter of a mile. Formerly this station was only
accessible to pedestrians and to the salt hay teams by a
rouijh road from the beach.
Recently, however, with the opening of Revere beach
as a pleasure resort, a picnic ground with its accompany-
(3)
iiig dance stands and "flying horses" has been established
on the easterly portion of the larger section of the island,
and not only is the pleasant seclusion of the place inter-
fered with, but at no distant day this interesting and his-
toric botanical station will become for botanists a memory
of the past. Mr. Young observes that the smaller de-
tached portion of the island is more elevated and drj-er
than the larger portion, and that it possesses a somewhat
different flora.
The wood upon the island has been cut from time to
time, the last general cutting having been made perhaps
not long after the Eastern Railway was built in 1837.
The growth of timber now on the island is of deciduous-
leaved trees, and consists chiefly of oaks, basswood,
hickory and sassafras, the only coniferous tree being the
red cedar (Junij}erus Virginiana) which is represented
by a few scattered specimens.
The soil is a vegetal)le humus on sand and gravel, up-
on which the plants thrive in moist seasons with great
luxuriance.
The island is also a favorable locality for the collection
of land snails and has been well known to botanists and
conchologists for many years.
The whole number of plants noted in Mr. Young's list
which includes the phanerogams, ferns and mosses, is
three hundred and sixty-two, divided among the difierent
families as follows :
NOTK. — Mr. C. E. Faxon and Geo. E. Davenport have kindly looked
over Mr. Young's list and the collection of specimens which he has
preserved, and add the following as the only species which they have
noticed on or near the island not included. Ranunculus Cymbalaria,
Pursh; Ranunculus sceleratus, L. ; Sagina procumb^is, L. Along the
railroad track between Revere station and Oak Island near the last
bridge {G. E. D.). Cynoglossum Morisoni, DC. On tlie island(C. E. F.).
Gen
Sp.
[nt.
Gen.
Sp.
[nt.
Ranunculacese.
4
10
2
Ill
182
26
Berberidaceae.
1
1
1
Labiatae.
8
8
Cruciferse.
7
9
3
Convolvulaceae.
1
1
Violacese.
1
3
Solanaceae.
1
1
1
Cistacese.
2
2
Gentianaceae.
1
1
Hypericaceae.
1
3
1
Apocynaceae.
1
1
Caryophyllacese.
8
11
5
Asclepiadacese.
1
2
Portulacaceae.
1
1
1
Chenopodiaceae.
5
7
2
Tiliaceje.
1
1
Amarantaceae.
1
2
2
Geraniacese.
3
3
Polygon aceae.
2
10
4
Anacardiacese.
1
3
Lauraceae.
1
1
Vitaceae.
2
2
Euphorblaceae.
2
3
Celastracese.
1
1
Urticaceae.
2
2
Leguminosse.
7
14
5
Cupuliferae.
3
10
Rosaceae.
10
18
MyricaceaB.
1
1
SaxifragaceaB.
1
2
Betulacege.
1
1
Hainamelacese.
1
1
Salicaceae.
2
4
Onagraceae.
3
5
Coniferae.
1
1
Lythraceae.
1
1
Araceae.
1
1
Umbelliferae.
5
5
1
Naiadaceae.
1
1
Araliaceae.
1
1
Alismaceae.
1
1
Coniaceae.
1
1
Orchidaceae.
1
1
Caprifoliaceae.
4
4
Iridaceae.
2
2
Rubiaceae.
2
4
Srailaceae.
1
2
Compositae.
23
48
4
Liliaceae.
8
10
1
Campanulaceae.
1
1
Juncaceae.
2
6
Ericaceae.
4
6
Qyperaceae .
5
24
Aquifoliaceae.
1
1
Gramiuese.
22
44
9
Plantaginaceae.
1
3
1
Equisetaceae.
1
1
Plumbaginaceae.
1
1
Filices.
4
4
Primulaceae.
1
2
Ophioglossaceae.
1
1
Orolanchaceae.
2
2
Musci.
16
25
Scropliulariaceae.
6
10
2
HepaticsB.
3
3
Verbenaceje.
2
2
111
182
26
Ord. Gen. Sp.
213
Int.
364
45
Exogens.
50 144 237
35
Gymnosperms.
1 1 1
Endogens.
10 44 92
10
Vascular C
rypto
gams.
3 6 6
Muscineae.
2 19 28
G6
214
364
45
THE FLORA OF OAK ISLAND.
BY HERBERT A. YOUNG.
The species enumerated in the following list were mostly
observed during the. year 1882, although the writer has
been familiar with the station for many seasons previous.
Representatives of nearly all the species have been pre-
served. As the list is therefore based upon the work of a
season rather unfavorable for botanical collecting, on ac-
count of the drought of July and August, it is probable
that other species might be added especially to the list of
mosses which owing to their small size are easily over-
looked.
The region was evidently familiar to Dr. Bigelow, for
in the "Florula Bostoniensis" he mentions the following
species as found on " Chelsea Beach Island :"
Ranunculus recurvatus, Polr. '
Arabis falcata, Jlichx.
Cr^'-ptotrenia Canadensis, D C.
Osmorrhiza longistylis, D C.
Circaja lutitiana, X.
Desmodium cuspidatum, Torrey.
Monarda allophylla, Jlicltx.
Phryma lepiostachia, L.
Scrophularia ]\Iarilandica, L.
Lysimachia ciliata, L.
Allium Canadense, L.
Leersia Virginica, Willd.
Botrychium Virginicum, WiUd.
With the exception of Phryma all have been collected
during the past season. The portion of the island to the
(6)
east of the tracks of the Eastern Railway has for several
years been used for the purposes of a picnic ground, so
that the herbs and undershrubs are ftist disappearing, and
can only now be collected in the spots along the out-
skirts, and in a few years the farther portion of the island
to the west of the Eastern Railway will undoubtedly
share the same fiite, thus entirely destroying one of the
most interesting botanical stations in this part of the coun-
try.
Ranunculacese.
Anemone Virginiana, L. A few specimens found.
Anemoue nemorosa, L. Abundant.
Thalictrum dioicum, L. Abundant.
Thalictrum purpurascens, L. Abundant. Matures a short time
after T. dioicum and before T. Coruuti. Eecognized first by
the peculiar odor of the leaves.
Thalictrum Cornuti, L. Abundant.
Ranunculus recur vaius, Pair. Not very abundant.
Ranunculus abortivus, L. Abundant.
Ranunculus bulbosus, L. One specimen only obtained.
Ranunculus acris, L. Only a few Specimens noticed.
Actuae spicata, L. var. rubra, Michx. Abundant.
Berberidacese.
Berberis vulgaris, L. One bush in the western part.
Cruciferse.
Cardamine hirsuta, L., var. sylvatica. Scarce.
Arabis Canadensis, L. Abundant in the western part.
Arabis perfoliata, Lam. A few specimens noticed in 1878.
Sisymbrium officinale, Scop. Abundant near the barn.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, Mcench. Near house and barn.
Lepidium Virginicum, L. Mostly on the road from the beach to
the island.
Lepidium ruderale, L. Mostly on the road from the beach to
the island.
Cakile Americana, Nntt. Around the edges.
Raphanus Raphanistrum, L. One specimen only.
Violaceae.
Viola cucullata. Ait. Specimens abundant and very large.
Viola sagittata, Ait. A few small specimens only found.
Viola pubescens, Ait. Quite abundant in the western part :
glowing scarcer.
Cistacese.
Helianthemum Canadense, Michx. Found in extreme eastern
part.
Lecliea major, Michx. Found in the extreme eastern part.
Hyperieacese.
Hypericum perforatum, L. Quite abundant.
Hypericum corymbosum, Muhl. Found in the western part.
Hypericum mutilura, L. Scarce. Found near railroad track.
Caryophyllaceae.
Diauthus Armeria, L. A few specimens obtained.
Silene inflata, Smith. Abundant near railroad track.
Silene antirrhina, L. Abundant near railroad track.
Arenaria lateriflora, L. Abundant.
Stellaria media, Smith. Abundant.
Cerastium viscosum, L. Abundant.
Lepigonum rubrura. Fries., var. campestre. Only one specimen
found.
Lepigonum medium, Fries. Common in the western part along
the edge bordering on the salt marsh.
Lepigonum salinum. Fries. Abundant. Growing with L. me-
dium.
Scleranthus annuus, L. Scarce. On the railroad track.
MoUugo verticillata, L. On the railroad embankment.
Portulacacese.
Portulaca oleracea, L. On the railroad embankment.
Tiliacese.
Tilia Americana, L. The most abundant tree.
Geraniacese.
Geranium maculatum, L. Abundant.
Impatiens fulva, Nutt. The form producing without flowering
most abundant.
Oxalis stricta, L. Abundant.
Anacardiacese.
Rhus typhina, L. Not very abundant.
Rhus glabra, L. Not very abundant.
Rhus Toxicodendron, L. Very abundant.
Vitaceae.
Vitis Labrusca, L. A few plants noticed.
Ampelopsis quinquefolia, Michx. Quite abundant.
Celastracese.
Celastrus scandens, L. A few vines noticed.
Leguminoceae.
Trifolium avvense, L. Abundant on the railroad track.
Trifolium pratense, L. Quite abundant. Scattered.
Trifolium hybridum. One plant noticed.
Trifolium repens, L. Quite abundant.
Trifolium agrarium, L. One plant noticed.
Medicago lupulina, L. Only a few plants on the island.
Desmodium acuminatum, D C. Abundant in the west part.
Desmodium canescens, D C. Found a few years ago by Mr.
C. E. Faxon. Not found since.
Desmodium Canadense, D C. Quite abundant.
Lespedeza capitata, Michx. A few plants in the extreme east-
ern part.
Lathyrus maritiraus, Bigeloio. A few specimens noticed a
short distance from the island on the railroad track.
Lathyrus palustris, L. In extreme eastern part.
Apios tuberosa, Moench. Not very abundant.
Araphicarpsea monoica, Nutt. Abundant in western part.
Rosaeese.
Prunus Virgiuiana, L. Not very abundant.
Prunus serotiua, Ehrhart. A few small trees in western part.
Spirsea salicifolia, L. A few bushes.
Agrimonia Eupatoria, L. Scattered.
Geum album, Gmelin. Mostly near the hotel.
Potentilla Norvegica, L. Around the edges, north side.
Potentilla Canadensis, L., var. simplex, T. & G. Abundant.
Potentilla argentea, L. A few specimens only.
Potentilla Anserina, L. Around the edges mostly on north
side.
Fragaria Virginiana, Ehrhart. In extreme eastern part.
Eubus strigosus, Michx. A few specimens on north side.
Kubus occidentalls, L. Quite abuudant.
Kubus villosus, Ait. Quite abundant.
Rubus Canadensis, L. Quite abundant.
Rubus hispidus, L. Mostly on the north side.
Rosa lucida, Ehrhart. Abundant.
Pirns arbutifolia, L., var. erythrocarpa. Scattered, not abun-
dant.
Amelancbier Canadensis, T. & G., var. oblongifolia, A few
trees in western part.
2
10
Saxifragacese.
Ribes oxycanthoides, L. A few plants.
Ribes floridum, L. Three plants noticed.
Hamamelacese.
Hamaraelis Virginica, L. A few plants ; scattered.
Onagracese.
Circsea Lutetiana, L. Abundant in the western part.
Epilobium angustifolium, L. Three or four plants noticed.
Epilobium coloratura, Muhl. Scattered.
CEnothera biennis, L. A few plants only.
Oenothera pumila, L. Not abundant.
Lythracese.
Lythrum Hyssopifolia, L. Abundant.
TJmbelliferse.
Cicuta maculata, L. One or two specimens.
Osmorrhiza longistylis, D C. Abundant.
Cryptot£enia Canadensis, B C. Abundant.
Sanicula Marilandica, L. Abundant.
Carum Carui, L. One specimen only in extreme eastern part.
Araliacese.
Aralia nudicaulis, L. Abundant in western part.
Cornacese.
Coruus paniculata, UHer. Abundant in southwestern part.
Caprifoliacese.
Diervilla trifida, Moench. In southwestern part.
Triosteum perfoliatum, L. Scattered. Not abundant.
Sambucus Canadensis, L. In extreme eastern part. A few
bushes.
Viburnum dentatum, L. A few bushes around the edge.
Rubiacese.
Galium Aparine, L. Abundant.
Galium triflorum, Michx. Abundant.
Galium circsezans, Michx. Not abundant.
Houstonia cajrulea, L. A few specimens only.
Compositse.
Eupatorium purpureum, L. Abundant in western part.
Aster corymbosus, Ait. In western part. Scarce.
Aster Isevis, L. Scarce.
Aster undulatus, L. Abundant.
Aster cordifolius, L. Abundant.
11
Aster multiflorus, Ait. Abundant.
Aster miser, L. Abundant.
Aster carneus, Nees. In western part in one spot only.
Aster lonftifolius, Lavi. Abundant.
Aster Novas-Anglise, L. Mostly in one spot in eastern part.
Aster linifolius, L. Around the edge. Abundant.
Erigeron Cauadense, L. Mostly on approach to the island
from the beach.
Erigeron annuum, Pers. Scattered.
Erigeron strigosura, Muhl. In extreme eastern part.
Solidago csesia, L. Two small patches in the western part.
Solidago bicolor, L. Not abundant.
Solidago sempervirens, L. Very^ abundant around the edges.
Solidago arguta, Ait. Abundant.
Solidago altissima, L. Not abundant.
Solidago odora, Ait. A few plants in the extreme eastern part.
Solidago uemoralis, Ait. Not abundant.
Solidago Canadensis, L. Two forms occur.
Solidago lanceolata, L. Scarce.
Solidago sp. ? Perhaps a cross between S. sempervirens and
S. altissima.
Iva frutescens, L. A few plants on the eastern edge of the
island near the road.
Ambrosia artemisiasfolia, L. Abundant.
Xanthium strumai'ium, L. Abundant near the barn.
Kudbeckia hirta, L. A few plants in the eastern part.
Helianthus strumosus, L. Abundant.
Helianthus divaricatus, L. Abundant.
Bidens frondosa, L. Around the northern edge ; not abundant.
Maruta Cotula, D C. Not abundant.
Achillea Millefolium, L. Scarce.
Leucanthemum vulgax'e. Lam. Two specimens only.
Artemisia caudata, 3Iichx. Mostly on the road from the beach
to the island.
Gnaphalium polycephalum, Michx. A few specimens in the ex-
treme eastern part.
Gnaphalium uligiuosum, L. A few specimens ; scattered.
Antennai'ia margaritacea, E. Br. A few specimens in the ex-
treme southeastern part.
Antennaria plantaginifolia, Hook. A few specimens in the ex-
treme eastern part.
Erechthites hieracifolia, Baf. Abundant on northern border.
Circium discolor, Spreng. Thi'ee specimens.
Circium horridulum, 3Iichx. In the extreme western part.
12'
Circium arvense, Scop. Scarce.
Lappa officinalis, Allioni. Scarce.
Nabalus albus, Hook. Abundant in the western part.
Taraxacum Dens-leonis, Desf. About four plants seen.
Lactuca Canadensis, L. Not abundant. Scattered.
Mulgedium leucophseum, D C. Not abundant. Scattered.
C amp anula c e so .
Specularia perfoliata, A. D C. Abundant in the eastern part
in the early part of the season. The form found was very
small, and perfected the fruit without producing any corolla.
It was identified for me by Mr. C. E. Faxon.
Ericacese.
Gaylussacia resinosa, T. & G. Only found in the extreme
southeastern part.
Vaccinum Pennsylvanicum, Lam. Only found in the extreme
southeastern part.
Vaccinum vacillans, Solander. Only found in the extreme
southeastern part.
Vaccinum corymbosum, L., var. atrococcum. A few plants.
Andromeda ligustrina, Muhl. One bush in the extreme eastern
part.
Pyrola elliptica, Nutt. A few plants in the western part.
Aquifoliacese.
Ilex verticillata, Gray. Not abundant. Mostly around the
western border.
Plantaginacese.
Plantago major, L. Abundant.
Plantago Rugellii, Decaisne. Abundant.
Plantago decipiens, Barneoud. Abundant around the western
border.
Plumbaginaceae.
Statice Limonium, var. Caroliniana. Abundant on the neigh-
boring marsh.
PriraulacesB.
Lysimachia quadrifolia, L. Abundant.
Lysimachia ciliata, L. Abundant in the western part.
OrobancliacesB.
Epiphegus Virginiana, Bart. Found by Mr. F. S. Collins a few
years ago.
Aphyllon uniflorum, T. & G. Three plants in the eastern part
near railroad.
13
Scrophulariaeeae.
Verbascum Thapsus, L. Not abundant.
Linaria Canadensis, Spreng. Near the railroad mostly.
Linaria vulgaris, Mill. Near the railroad mostly.
Scrophularia nodosa, L. A few plants in the middle of the
western part.
Veronica arvensis, L. A few plants in the extreme eastern
part.
Veronica peregrina, L. Scattered.
Gerardia purpurea, L. About a dozen specimens on the south-
western edge of the island.
Gerardia maritima, Baf. Very abundant on the neighboring
marshes.
Gerardia quercifolia, Pursh. Abundant in the western part
near the railroad.
Pedicularis Canadensis, L. In the extreme western part. Not
abundant.
Verbenacese.
Verbena hastata, L. Scattered. Not abundant.
Phryma Leptostachya, L. Bigelow, Florula Bostoniensis. Not
found since.
Labiatse.
Teucrium Canadeuse, L. Abundant around the borders.
Trichostema dichotomum, L. One plant on the Eastern Rail-
road track.
Lycopus sinuatus, Ell. Abundant.
Hedeoma pulegioides, Pers. Abundant in the eastern part.
Collinsonia Canadensis, L. Qrfite abundant in the western
part near the railroad.
Monarda flstulosa, L. A few plants in the western part.
Lopanthus scrophularisefolius, Benth. A few plants in the
middle of the western part.
Brunella vulgaris, L. Abundant.
ConvolvtQacese.
Convolvulus sepium, L. Abundant on the western border.
Solanacese.
Solanum nigrum, L. Near the house.
Gentianacese.
Gentiana Andrewsii, Griseb. Two plants only found.
14
Apocynacese.
Apocyuum aiidrosasmifolium, L. In northern part near rail-
road.
Asclepiadacese.
Asclepias Cornuti, Decaisne. Along the railroad bank.
Asclepias phytolaccoides, Pursh. In the centre of the western
part.
Chenopodiacese.
Cheuopodium album, L. Abundant.
Cheuopodium hybridum, L. In the eastern part.
Atriplex patula, L. , var. hastata. Abundant around the border
of the island.
Atriplex patula, L. , var. littoralis. Abundant around the border
of the island.
Salicornia herbacea, L. Abundant on the marsh adjacent.
Suseda maritima, L. Abundant around the borders.
Salsola Kali, L. Mostly on the approach to the island from the
beach.
Amarantacese.
Amarantus retroflexus, L. Abundant near the house.
Amarantus albus, L. A few plants only.
Polygonacese.
Polygonum Persicaria, L. Abundant.
Polygonum Hydropiper, L. Abundant.
Polygonum aviculare, L. Abundant.
Polygonum erectum, L. Scarce and somewhat doubtful.
Polygonum maritinium,fc. Abundant on the borders.
Polygonum sagittatum, L. One plant only found.
Polygonum Convolvulus, L. Not very abundant.
Polygonum dumetorum, L., var. scandeus. Abundant in west-
ern part.
Rumex crispus, L. Abundant.
Rumex Acetosella, L. Abundant.
Lauracese.
Sassafras officinale, Xces. Abundant in the western part.
Euphorbiacese.
Euphorbia polygonifolia, L. Scarce. Abundant on the beach
opposite.
Euphorbia maculata, L. Abundant on the railroad bank.
Acalypha Virgiuica, L. Abundant.
15
Urticaeese.
Ulmus Americana, L. A few trees. Scattered.
Pilea pumila, Grmj. Abundant in the western part. It all dried
up and disappeared before flowering.
Cupuliferse.
Carya alba, ]<!utt. Abundant.
Carya tomentosa, Nutt. Scarce. Two or three trees only.
Carya porcina, Nutt. Abundant.
Carya amara, Nutt. The most abundant hickory.
Quercus alba, L. Quite abundant. One of the largest trees ;
about fifteen inches in diameter, is a white oak.
Quercus bicolor, Willd. Most abundant in the extreme eastern
part.
Quercus coccinea, Wang, There is one tree which seems to be
intermediate between Q. coccinea and Q. rubra. It has the
acorn of coccinea and the leaf of rubra. The leaf is rather
small.
Quercus tinctoria, Bart. One tree in the extreme southeastern
part. Identified by the fringed acorn and the bright orange
inner bark.
Quercus rubra, L. Abundant. This species with bicolor con-
stitute the greater part of the oaks.
Corylus Americana, Walt. In the middle of the western part.
Myricacese.
Myrica cerifera, L. Not abundant.
Betulacese.
Betula alba, var. populifolia, Spach. A few small trees.
Salicacese.
Salix discolor, Muhl. A few bushes.
Salix humilis, Marshall. A few bushes.
Populus grandidentata, Miclix. This species and the next occur
together as small shrubs in the extreme southeastern part.
Populus tremuloides, Michx.
Coniferae.
Juniperus Virginiana, L. The only conifer. A few trees only.
Aracese.
Arisaema triphyllum, Torr. Abundant.
Naiadacese.
Ruppia maritima, L. In a pool of water near the island.
16
AlismacesD.
Triglocliin maiitimum, L. Abundant on the saltmarsh adjoin-
ing.
Orehidacese.
Orchis spectabilis, L. Bigelow found this plant. It is now
found in the western part. Some years it is abundant, while
in others it is very scarce. It was abundant this year (1882).
Iridacese.
Iris Virginica, L. A few specimens on the southern edge.
Sisyriuchium Berraudiana, L. Not abundant.
Smilacese.
Smilax rotundifolia, L, In the northwestern part.
Srailax herbacea, L. Scattered.
Liliaeese.
Uvularia perfoliata, L. Abundant.
Oakesia sessilifolia, Watson. Abundant.
Smilacina racemosa, Desf. Abundant.
Smilacina bifolia, Ker. Abundant in the extreme western part.
Polygonatum biflorura, Ell. Abundant in the western part.
Asparagus officinalis, L. One specimen only found.
Lilium Philadelphlcum, L. In the extreme eastern part.
Lilium Canadeuse, L. Scattered.
Erythronium Americauum, Smith. Very abundant.
Allium Canadense, Kalm. Abundant.
Juncaceae.
Luzula campestris, D C. Not abundant.
Juncus Balticus, Dethard. On the adjacent marshes.
Juncus bufonius, L. Abundant around the borders.
Juncus Gerardi, Loisel. On the adjacent marshes.
Juncus tenuis, Willd. Abundant.
Juncus acuminatus, Michx. Not abundant.
Cyperacese.
Cyperus Nuttallii, Torr. Not abundant.
Cyperus strigosus, L. Not abundant.
Cyperus filiculmis, Vahl. Not abundant.
Eleocharis obtusa, Schultes. One specimen found.
Eleocharis palustris, B.Br. A variety on the adjacent salt-
marsh.
Eleocharis tenuis, Schultes. Quite abundant.
Scirpus pungens, Vahl. Near the raih'oad on the north side.
Scirpus planifolius, Muhl. One bunch in the western part.
17
Scirpus maritimus, L. Abundaut around the borders.
Fimbristylis capillaris, Gray. On the railroad.
Carex stipata, Muhl. Not very abundant.
Carex sparganioides, Muhl. A few plants in the eastern part.
Carex cephalophora, 3Iuhl. Abundant.
Carex rosea, Schk. Abundant.
Carex scoparia, Schk. Abundant.
Carex silicea, Olney. On the road from the beach to the island.
Carex cristata, Schio., var. mirabilis, Boot. Abundant.
Carex stramiuea, Schk. Several varieties are found.
Carex virescens, Muhl. Scarce.
Carex laxiflora, Lam. Two varieties occur.
Carex Emraonsii, Dew. , Abundant in the western part.
Carex Pennsylvanica, Lam. Abundant.
Carex lanuginosa, Michx. Not abundaut.
Carex vestita, Willd. Not abundant.
Gr amine 86.
Leersia Virginica, Willd. In the western part near the rail-
road. Scarce.
Alopecurus pratensis, L. Abundant.
Phleum pratense, L. Not abundant.
Agrostis perennans, Tuckerman. Two specimens only.
Agrostis scabra, Willd. Quite abundant.
Agrostis vulgaris, With. Abundant.
Agrostis alba, L. Abundant between the extreme eastern and
the main eastern parts.
Muhleubergia Willdenovii, Triii. A few specimens only in the
middle of the western part.
Calamagrostis arenaria, Both. On the road from the beach to
the island.
Calamagrostis Canadensis, Beauv. Abundant.
Oryzopsis asperifolia, Michx. Found three specimens in 1879,
Spartina cynosuroides, Willd. Abundant around the edges.
Spartina juncea, Willd. Mostly on the adjacent saltmarsh.
Spartina stricta, Both. Mostly on the borders of the creeks
and pools adjacent.
Glyceria maritrima, Wahl. On the adjacent saltmarsh.
Glyceria dlstaus, Wahl. This species is a little doubtful.
Brizopyrum spicatum, Hook. Abundant on the adjacent marsh.
Poa annua, L. In front of the house in the eastern part.
Poa compressa, L. The most common grass.
Poa serotina, Ehrhart. Abundant.
Poa pratensis, L. Abundant.
3
18
Poa trivialis, L. A little doubtful.
Festuca ovina, L., var. duriuscula. Scarce.
Festuca elatior, L. Abundant.
Festuca nutans, Willd. Abundant in the western part.
Phragmites communis, Trin. Three specimens in the north-
western part.
Triticum repens, L. Abundant.
Elymus Virginicus, L. On the approach to the island mostly.
Scarce.
Elymus striatus, Willd,. Quite abundant in the western part.
Gymnostichum Hystrix, Schreb. Abundant in the western part.
Danthonia compressa, Austin. Abundant.
Hierochloa borealis, B. & S. Quite abundant.
Anthoxanthum odoi'atum, L. A few specimens only.
Panicum virgatum, L. Abundant around the borders.
Panicum latifolium, L. Abundant,
Panicum pauciflorum, Ell. Abundant.
Panicum dichotomura, L. This species is a little doubtful.
Panicum sanguinale, L. Mostly on the railroad.
Panicum capillare, Bosc. Mostly on the railroad bank.
Panicum Crus-Galli, L. A few specimens found.
Setaria glauca, Beauv. Mostly on the railroad bank.
Setaria viridis, Beauv. Mostly on the railroad bank.
Setaria Italica, Kunth. Two or three specimens only found.
Andropogon furcatus, Muhl. A few specimens found in 1880.
Equisetacese.
Equisetum arvense, L. Abundant.
Filices.
Pteris aquilina, L. The most abundant fern.
Aspidium Thelypteris, Swartz. Abundant.
Asplenium Filix-foemiua, Bernh. Scarce.
Onoclea sensibilis, L. Not abundant.
OphioglossacesB.
Botrychium Virgiuianum, Swartz. Very fine specimens ob-
tained. Not abundant.
19
The following is a list of mosses collected this season
(1882). The list is undoubtedly incomplete, as many
must have escaped my notice.
MUSCI.
Fissidens osmundioides, Hedw. Eare. Oue specimen only ob-
tained.
Ceratodon purpureus, Brid. Not common.
Trichostomum pallidum, Hedw. Very common in the western
part.
Orthotrichum strangulatum, Beauv. Abundant on trees.
Orthotrichum Hutcliinsia;, Smith. On rocks. Not abundant.
Hedwigia ciliata, Ehrh. Not very common.
Atrichum angustatum, Beauv. Common.
Polytrichum commune, L. Common in the eastern part.
Polytrichum juniperinum, Hedw. Common in the eastern part.
Mnium affiue, Bland. Very common.
Muium hornum, Hedw. In one spot in the northwestern part.
Bryum csespiticium. Frequent.
Funaria hygrometrica, Hedw. Not common.
Physcomitrium pyriforme, Br. & Sch. Not common.
Anomodon attenuatus, Huh. On one rock in the western part.
The species is somewhat doubtful.
Thelia hirtella, Sulliv. On trees. Not common.
Cylindrotheciura seductiix, Brijol. Europ. Not common. One
specimen only obtained.
Hypnum cupressiforrae, L. Not common.
Hypuum nitens, Schreb. Not common. Determination very
doubtful.
Hypnum salebrosum, Hoffm. Common.
Hypnum rutabulum, L. One specimen only obtained.
Hypnum populeum, Hedw. The most abundant moss.
Hypuum hispidulum, Brid. Rare.
Hypnum serpens, Hedw. Quite abundant on rocks with H.
populeum.
Hypnum adnatum, Hedio. Rare.
HEPATIC^.
Lophocolea heterophylla, JSfees. Not common.
Madotheca platyphylla, Dumortier. Common on the rocks.
Frullauia Grayana, Montague. Common on trees.
QK 125. Y65 1883
^°yn9' Herbert Andr/Catalogue of the flo ^^"
3 5185 00126 8182
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