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CATALOGUE  OF 

POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL 

SATIRES 


OB.Tm. .  CQAIITlONM&fSTERS.  msTROYW 

Tot,  aortli  3  f'c   /•?,'; J 


No.  6403 


Art 

CATALOGUE   OF 
POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL 

SATIRES 

PRESERVED  IN  THE  DEPARTMENT  OF 

PRINTS  AND  DRAWINGS  IN 

THE  BRITISH  MUSEUM 

VOL.  VI 
1784— 1792 

By 
MARY  DOROTHY  GEORGE 

LiTT.D. 


I, 


PRINTED  BY  ORDER  OF  THE  TRUSTEES 
1938 


Sold  at 

THE  BRITISH  MUSEUM  and  by 

BERNARD  QUARITCH  Ltd.  ii  Grafton  Street  London  W.  i 

OXFORD  UNIVERSITY  PRESS  Amen  House  Warmck  Square 

London  E.G. 4.  and  114  Fifth  Avenue  New  York  U.S.A. 

KEGAN  PAUL  TRENCH  TRUBNER  &  Co.  Ltd.  38  Great  Russell  Street 

London  W.C.  1 

H.M.  STATIONERY  OFFICE  Adastral  House  Kingsway  London  W.C,  1 

BRITISH  LIBRARY  OF  INFORMATION  270  Madison  Avenue 

New  York  U.S.A. 


NE 


PRINTED   IN  GREAT  BRITAIN 


CONTENTS 

PREFACE,  ending  with  Notes  on  Method,  and  Abbreviations .  .       vii 

INTRODUCTION xi 

CORRIGENDA,  ETC.  to  Vol.  V xxxvii 

CATALOGUE 

(a)  From  1784  to  1792      ........  i 

(b)  Addenda  from  c.  1781  to  1792      ......     982 

APPENDIX  I  (State  of  the  poll  for  the  Westminster  Election,  1784)  looi 

APPENDIX  II  (Key  to  the  dates  of  the  series  of  mezzotints  issued  by 
Carington  Bowles)   .........   1002 

INDEX  OF  PERSONS 1003 

INDEX  OF  TITLES 103 1 

'    INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 1061 

INDEX  OF  ARTISTS 1071 

INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS  .         .         .  1076 


PREFACE 

THE  appearance  of  Volume  V  of  this  series  in  1935,  in  which 
Mr.  F.  G.  Stephens's  work  was  resumed  after  a  lapse  of  over  fifty 
years,  renders  it  unnecessary  to  introduce  Dr.  Dorothy  George.  It  is  a 
work  requiring  the  most  painstaking  industry,  and  only  when  done  in  this 
detail  can  it  serve  its  full  purpose  in  offering  the  most  varied  side-lights 
on  public  events  and  social  life,  which  can  be  understood  and  utilized  even 
apart  from  study  of  the  prints  themselves.  Encouragement  of  this  first- 
hand study  must,  however,  be  the  main  object  of  the  catalogue,  and  the 
genius  of  the  two  artists  who  come  into  prominence  during  the  period 
covered  by  the  present  volume,  i.e.  Rowlandson  and  Gillray,  will  ensure 
the  interest  of  the  amateur  as  well  as  that  of  the  historian. 

Though  the  volume  covers  a  shorter  period  than  Volume  V,  not  only 
are  more  prints  described,  but  they  are  more  important  in  character,  for 
caricature  was  playing  an  increasing  part  in  the  life  of  the  time.  Moreover, 
the  volume  approaches  the  climax  of  English  caricature  in  the  rivalry  of 
Fox  and  the  younger  Pitt  (who  had  only  just  appeared  with  such  amazing 
briUiance  in  the  political  arena)  and  in  the  initial  excitements  of  the  French 
Revolution. 

It  should  be  repeated  that  the  catalogue  is  based  on  the  separate  series 
of  'Political  and  Personal  Satires'  in  the  Department  of  Prints  and 
Drawings;  that  it  does  not  profess  to  include  all  prints  of  this  category 
scattered  under  masters  and  engravers  in  the  departmental  collection,  or 
prints  in  the  Museum  Library,  though  it  does  so  to  some  extent  in  both 
cases. 

As  the  value  of  the  satirical  print  as  an  historical  document  increases 
progressively  in  proportion  to  the  completeness  of  the  collection,  it  is 
much  to  be  hoped  that  help  will  be  given  by  friends  of  the  Museum  in 
filling  gaps  in  the  series. 

Dr.  George  wishes  to  express  her  thanks  for  the  help  given  her  by 
Mr.  Collins  Baker,  Mr.  E.  H.  Blakeney,  Mr.  Robert  Cust,  Mrs.  Arundell 
Esdaile,  Mr.  W.  R.  M.  Lamb,  C.V.O.,  Mr.  William  Roberts,  Mr.  Alfred 
Rubens,  Mr.  E.  Wolf  of  Copenhagen  University,  and  Mr.  R.  W.  M. 
Wright.  She  is  much  indebted  for  the  facilities  given  her  by  the  Librarians 
of  the  Royal  Collections  at  Windsor,  of  the  House  of  Lords,  of  the  Guild- 
hall, of  the  India  Office,  and  of  the  Westminster  Public  Library,  as  well 
as  by  Messrs.  Quaritch,  Mr.  W.  T.  Spencer  of  New  Oxford  Street,  and 
The  Walker  Galleries,  Bond  Street.  The  gift  by  Mrs.  Breun  to  the 
Department  of  the  MS.  Lists  of  the  late  Mr.  H.  Breun  has  enabled  several 
identifications  to  be  made  (see  Corrigenda).  The  Holland  House  Collection 
of  Caricatures,  so  kindly  lent  to  the  Department  by  Lord  Ilchester,  has 
been  used  only  for  No.  7906,  but  it  will  be  invaluable  for  later  volumes. 

January,  1938.  A.  M.  HIND. 


Vll 


NOTES  ON  THE  METHOD  FOLLOWED  IN 
THE  PRESENT  VOLUME 

THE  method  used  is  that  of  Volume  V,  namely,  that  of  the  earlier 
volumes  with  certain  modifications.  The  prints  are  divided  into  two 
categories,  political  and  non-political;  there  are  many  border-Hne  cases 
and  it  is  scarcely  possible  to  classify  these  with  rigid  consistency.  The 
political  prints  are  arranged  chronologically  according  to  the  date  of 
publication.  Undated  prints  are  given  a  conjectural  date  enclosed  in  a 
square  bracket.  Non-political  prints  are  arranged  in  years,  but  grouped 
according  to  subject  or  artist.  The  prints  are  first  described  and  then 
elucidated.  The  titles  are  given  in  capitals,  the  inscriptions  on  the  plate 
and  the  publication  line  in  italics.  Where  there  is  no  title  an  explanatory 
caption  is  given,  unless  the  original  title  has  been  discovered :  in  both  cases 
this  heading  is  enclosed  in  a  square  bracket,  in  the  latter  case  with  a  note 
of  origin.  The  dimensions  are  those  of  the  subject,  not  the  plate,  except 
where  the  contrary  is  specified,  the  first  being  the  upright,  the  second  the 
horizontal  measurement  (reversing  the  order  in  Volumes  I-IV). 

As  in  Volume  V  'engraving'  is  used  to  include  line-engraving,  etching, 
and  stipple-engraving;  woodcut  serves  for  both  woodcut  and  wood- 
engraving.  The  prints  are  numbered  in  continuation  of  the  numbers  in 
previous  volumes.  Copies  or  slightly  altered  states  have  the  number  of 
the  original  followed  by  the  letter  A  (or  A,  B,  C,  &c.).  No  distinction  is 
made  between  different  states  unless  there  has  been  some  essential  altera- 
tion in  engraving  or  lettering.  The  addition  of  a  press-mark  preceded  by 
the  letters  B.M.L.  indicates  that  the  print  is  in  the  British  Museum  Library, 
not  in  the  Print  Room.  A  few  prints  in  other  public  collections  have  been 
described ;  these  have  no  serial  number.  As  in  Volume  V  the  titles  of  prints 
described  by  Mr.  Stephens  in  earlier  volumes  but  belonging  to  the  years 
covered  by  the  current  volume  have  been  included  in  the  text  and  have 
been  indexed;  these  are,  however,  very  few. 

The  small  subject-index  is  supplementary  to  the  index  of  persons  and 
to  the  cross-references  in  the  text.  It  is  intended  to  show  broadly  from 
year  to  year  what  were  the  main  preoccupations  of  the  caricaturist,  and 
also,  so  far  as  possible,  to  give  references  to  those  subjects  which  are  most 
sought  after  by  students.  Political  events  are  not  indexed,  but  will  be 
found  under  the  appropriate  dates  and  from  the  cross-references  there 
given.  Since  most  of  the  prints  are  either  political  or  personal  the  scope 
for  a  useful  subject-index  is  relatively  small. 

The  descriptions  and  explanatory  notes  by  Mr.  Hawkins  for  the  prints 
in  his  collection  were  not  continued  beyond  the  end  of  1783.  There  are 
occasional  attributions  or  identifications  on  his  prints. 


vui 


PUBLISHED  WORKS  AND  COLLECTIONS  REFERRED 
TO  IN  THE  CATALOGUE  BY  ABBREVIATIONS 


Blum 
Boyer-Brun 

Bruel 

'Caricatures* 

Challamel 
'Collection' 

'De  Vinck 

Fuchs 

G.W.G. 

Cower 

Grego,  Gillray 

Grego,  Rowlandson 

Hennin 

Jaime 

Kay 

L.  &W. 

Muller 
Paston 


Blum,  Andre  S.,  La  Caricature  Rivolutionnaire 
{ijSg  a  1795).  Paris,  1916. 

Histoire  des  Caricatures  de  la  Rdvolte  des  Franfais. 
Par  M.  Boyer  de  Nimes^  Auteur  du  Journal  du 
Peuple.  Deux  tomes.  1792.  [Issued  in  parts.] 
Fran9ois-Louis  Bruel,  Histoire  Aeronautique  par  les 
Monuments  Peints,  Sculptes,  Dessin^s,  et  Grave's  des 
Origines  a  1830.    Paris,  1909. 

[A  collection  of  caricatures,  mounted  in  twelve  folio 
volumes,  transferred  from  the  B.M.L.  (press  mark 
Tab.  524).]  See  Volume  V,  p.  viii. 
Histoire-Musee  de  la  Republique  frangaise  par 
Augustin  Challamel.  Deux  tomes.  Paris,  1842. 
[A  collection  of  Kay's  etchings  bound  in  two 
volumes  transferred  from  the  B.M.L.  (press-mark 
1267.  g.  I,  2).] 

Bibliotheque  Nationale^  Inventaire  analytique  de  la 
Collection  de  Vinck.  Tomes  /,  ii  par  F.  L.  Bruel, 
Paris,  1909,  1 9 14;  Tome  Hi  par  M.  Aubert  et 
M.  Roux,  1921. 

Eduard  Fuchs  und  Hans  Kraemer,  Die  Karikatur 
der  europaischer  Volker  von  Altertum  bis  zur  Neuzeit, 
Berlin,  [1901]. 

Genuine  Works  of  Mr.  James  Gillray.  Published 
T.  M'Lean,  1830. 

Iconographie  de  la  Reine  Marie- Antoinette.  .  .  .  par 
Lord  Ronald  Cower.   Paris,  1883. 
James  Gillray  the  Caricaturist,  with  the  History  of 
his  Life  and  Times.   Ed.  T.  Wright  [1873.] 
Joseph  Grego,  Rowlaftdson  the  Caricaturist.   Two 
vols.     1880. 

Inventaire  de  la  Collection  d'Estampes  relatives  a 
rhistoire  de  France  leguee  en  1863  a  la  Bibliotheque 
Nationale  par  Michel  Hennin,  redige  par  Georges 
Duplessis.  Tome  3.  Paris,  1880,  1881. 
Muse'e  de  la  Caricature,  ou  Recueil  des  Caricatures 
les  plus  remarquables,  publiees  en  France  depuis  le 
quatorzieme  siecle  jusqu'a  nos  jours,  calquees  et 
gravees  par  E.  Jaime.  Deux  tomes,  Paris,  1838. 
A  Series  of  Original  Portraits  and  Caricature  Etch- 
ings by  John  Kay  with  Biographical  Sketches  and 
Illustrative  Anecdotes.  Ed.  H.  Paton.  2  vols. 
Edinburgh,  1877. 

Laurie  and  Whittle's  Catalogue  of  New  and  Interest- 
ing Prints  .  .  .  1795.  (Numbered  list  of  'Quarto 
Drolls',  pp.  95-9-) 

F.  Muller,  De  Nederlandsche  Geschiedenis  in  Platen. 
Amsterdam,  2^^  deel.  1876,  77. 
'George    Paston'    [pseudonym    for    Miss    E.    M. 
Symonds],    Social    Caricature    in    the   Eighteenth 
Century.    1905. 


IX 


ABBREVIATIONS 

Rubens  =  Alfred  Rubens,   Anglo-Jezmsh  Portraits.    A  Bio- 

graphical Catalogue  of  Engraved  Anglo-Jewish  and 
Colonial  Portraits  from  the  Earliest  Times  to  the 
Accession  of  Queen  Victoria.    1935. 

Tbieme-Becker  =  U.  Thieme,  F.  Becker,  F.  C.  Willis  und  H.  VoUmer, 

Allgemeines  Lexikon  der  bildenden  Kiinstler.  Leipzig, 
1907,  &c.  (in  progress). 

Van  Stolk  =  G.  van  Rijn,  Atlas  van  Stolk,  Katalogus  der  Historie- 

Spot-  en  Zinne-prenten  hetrekkelijk  de  Geschiedenis 
van  Nederlandj  verzameld  door  A.  van  Stolky  Cz. 
Vol.  vide  deel.  Amsterdam,  1902. 

Weber  =  A.  Weber,  Tableau  de  la  Caricature  mddicale  depuis 

les  origines  jusqu'a  nos  jours.  Paris,  1936. 

Westminster  Election  ==  History  of  the  Westminster  Election. . . .  By  Lovers 
of  Truth  and  Justice.  1784.  Second  ed.,  1785,  in 
Print  Room. 

Wright  and  Evans       =  Thomas  Wright  and  R.  H.  Evans,  Historical  and 
Descriptive  Account  of  the   Caricatures  of  James 
Gillray,  1851. 
Since  the  Volume  went  to  Press  the  edition  of  Gillray's  plates  published 

by  Bohn  in  1851  has  been  acquired.   The  Account  by  Wright  and  Evans  is 

the  key  to  this  edition,  and  the  numbers  appended  to  the  descriptions  in 

the  Catalogue  are  those  of  the  plates. 

FURTHER  ABBREVIATIONS  USED  IN  THE  DESCRIPITONS 

B.M.L.  =  British  Museum  Library. 
H.L.       =  Half  length. 
T.Q.L.  =  Three-quarter  length. 
1.  =  left, 

r.  =  right. 

\  pi.  =  plate. 


INTRODUCTION 

THE  sixth  volume  of  the  Catalogue  covers  nine  years,  almost  the 
whole  of  Pitt's  peace  ministry,  a  period  as  historically  complete  as 
any  short  space  of  time  can  be  whose  limits  are  set  by  the  beginning  and 
end  of  a  calendar  year.  The  increased  output  of  prints  and  their  more 
important  character  show  the  growing  vogue  of  graphic  satire.  Many 
things,  besides  the  pre-eminence  of  Gillray  and  Rowlandson,  combined 
to  make  this  the  beginning  of  the  great  age  of  English  caricature.  The 
etching  or  aquatint,  monochrome  or  coloured,  was  eminently  suitable  for 
display  in  shops  and  attractive  to  the  collector.^  It  was  not  suitable  for 
magazine  illustration,  and  an  attempt  in  1784  to  make  the  hand-coloured 
caricature  the  raison  d'etre  of  a  monthly  publication  appears  to  have  been 
an  instant  failure  (Nos.  663 1 ,  2).  Production,  untrammelled  by  periodical 
publication,  could  adapt  itself  to  the  curve  of  political  or  social  excitement. 
Something  was  due  to  the  dramatic  character  of  the  period :  the  long  duel 
between  Pitt  and  Fox,  the  trial  of  Hastings,  the  Regency  crisis,  the  impact 
of  the  French  Revolution.  The  print  proved  its  value  as  propaganda  in 
the  India  Bill  crisis.  There  was  a  close  relation  between  the  parliamentary 
debate,  the  newspaper,  and  the  political  print,  as  well  as  between  written 
and  graphic  satire.  Sheridan  accused  Dundas  of  making  a  speech  that 
sounded  like  'hints  for  paragraphs  and  sketches  for  prints'.^  He  was 
himself  a  master  in  that  art.  The  political  prints  assume  a  high  degree 
of  political  intelligence  and  are  evidence  of  an  intense  interest  in  politics. 
Among  other  things  they  illustrate  the  entertainment  value  of  parliament. 
Pastor  Moritz,  a  German  visitor,  records  that  he  went  daily  (in  1782)  to 
the  gallery  of  the  House  of  Commons  and  preferred  the  entertainment  to 
be  found  there  to  most  other  amusements.  He  adds  that  a  few  constant 
attendants  paid  the  doorkeeper  a  guinea  for  the  session. 

The  importance  of  wit  and  ridicule  in  politics  gave  scope  to  the  carica- 
turist. Verse  satire,  the  squib,  and  the  lampoon  were  political  weapons; 
The  Rolliad  and  the  Probationary  Odes  were  (in  one  sense)  serious  contribu- 
tions to  political  controversy.  The  relation  between  written  and  graphic 
satire  was  both  general  and  direct.  The  most  obvious  point  of  contact  in 
this  volume  is  in  the  works  of  Peter  Pindar  (Wolcot)  which  occasioned 
prints  by  both  Gillray  and  Rowlandson.  The  direct  connexion  is  often 
hard  to  trace  and  would  afford  endless  scope  for  research.  In  many  cases 
doubtless  the  point  of  departure  was  a  spoken  witticism  embodied  in  a 
newspaper  paragraph.  Or,  the  paragraph  may  derive  from  the  print. 
A  ribald  paragraph,  based  perhaps  on  a  House  of  Commons  jest,  appears 
to  have  inspired  An  Imperial  Stride!  (No.  7843),  interesting  for  its  French 
copies.^ 

The  selection  of  a  butt  to  discredit  a  party  or  group  was  common  to 
the  printed  word  and  to  pictorial  satire.   Rolle,  the  hero  of  The  Rolliad, 

^  See  below  for  the  exhibitions  of  the  printsellers.  Holland  in  1789  informed 
his  customers :  'Caricature  Collectors  may  now  be  supplied  with  the  greatest  variety 
in  London  of  political  and  other  humourous  prints,  bound  in  volumes  and  orna- 
mented with  an  engraved  title  and  a  characteristic  vignette:  one  hundred  prints 
in  a  Volume,  Five  Guineas  Plain  or  Seven  Guineas  Coloured.  A  Greater  Number 
in  a  Volume  in  Proportion.*  Advertisement  appended  to  Jordan^ s  Elixir  of  Life. 

*  Pari.  Hist,  xxiv,  p.  295  (i2  Jan.  1784). 

3  See  below,  pp.  xv-xvi. 

xi 


INTRODUCTION 

scarcely  figures  in  caricature,  but  echoes  of  that  work  and  of  the  Proba- 
tionary Odes  are  frequent.  They  can  be  traced  in  the  treatment  of  (e.g.) 
*Watson  with  a  wooden  leg',  Michael  Angelo  Taylor  and  Thurlow.  An 
outstanding  example  (on  the  other  side)  is  Weltje,  who  adds  an  additional 
touch  of  ridicule  to  satires  on  the  Prince  and  his  friends.  Wraxall  compares 
the  effect  of  a  squib  on  Weltje  during  the  Regency  crisis  with  that  of  the 
song  Lillihurlero  a  century  earlier.^  Weltje's  counterpart  was  Mrs.  Schwel- 
lenberg,  Fanny  Burney's  enemy,  who  appeared  in  verse  satire  long  before 
she  was  discovered  by  the  caricaturists. ^  She  certainly  detracted  from  the 
Queen's  popularity. 

The  growth  of  political  realism  and  insight  noted  in  Volume  V  continues. 
Under  the  old  convention  that  the  Opposition  are  patriots  political  satires 
had  (until  1782)  been  mainly  anti-ministerial.  The  prints  are  the  best 
evidence  of  the  freedom  with  which  political  views  of  every  shade  could 
be  expressed.  This  liberty  could  degenerate  into  the  basest  propaganda 
founded  on  personal  scurrilities,  as  in  many  of  the  Westminster  Election 
prints  of  1784;  the  extremes  of  non-political  personal  abuse  are  illustrated 
by  the  attacks  on  Philip  Thicknesse.  The  highest  personages  were  not 
immune  from  gross  attack. 

Besides  a  knowledge  of  politics  the  prints  assume  an  acquaintance  with 
literature,  and  especially  with  Milton  and  Shakespeare.  Many  satires 
depend  on  literary  allusions.  A  Bobadil  is  the  generic  term  for  a  boastful 
soldier.  A  fallen  statesman  is  naturally  Wolsey.  Fox  is  repeatedly  Milton's 
Satan  and  once  his  'fleshliest  incubus'.  To  represent  Fox  as  Falstaff,  the 
Prince  as  Prince  Henry  was  irresistible.  Don  Quixote  appears  repeatedly, 
Barataria  once;  Burke's  Reflections  evoked  comparisons  with  the  Don 
which  anticipated  Tom  Paine  (No.  7678).  Burke  against  Hastings  is  twice 
(ironically)  compared  with  Cicero  against  Verres. 

A  favourite  type  of  satire  is  a  scene  from  a  play.  An  outstanding  example 
is  the  auction  scene  in  The  School  for  Scandal  with  the  Prince  as  Charles 
Surface  (No.  6968).  The  parts  in  The  Road  to  Ruin  (No.  8083)  are  assigned 
so  aptly  to  the  Prince,  the  Duke  of  York,  and  one  of  the  Barrys  that  the 
supposition  that  they  may  have  been  Holcroft's  originals  becomes  irre- 
sistible. When  politicians  fall  out  they  are  inevitably  Peachum  and  Lockit 
from  The  Beggar's  Opera  (No.  7856). 

The  travesty  of  the  picture,  particularly  of  the  historical  painting,  was 
developed  by  Gillray  and  Rowlandson;  they  had  been  anticipated  by 
Hogarth  in  his  Paul  before  Felix  (No.  3173),  but  while  he  attacked  the 
vogue  for  old  masters,  his  successors  ridiculed  the  work  of  contemporaries, 
notably  Fuseli. 

Modernity  and  variety  are  characteristics  of  the  prints.  An  occasional 
print  in  the  manner  of  the  60 's  or  70 's  seems  conspicuously  old-fashioned. 
The  favourites  of  the  caricaturists  are  seen,  not  conventionally,  but  im- 
perceptibly ageing  from  year  to  year.  New  forms  are  introduced.  Bun- 
bury 's  Long  Minuet  and  Progress  of  a  Lie  started  a  fashion  for  the  strip 
design,  a  sequence  of  figures  or  groups  in  large  and  relatively  expensive 
prints.   There  were  many  imitations  and  adaptations.    Gillray  applied  it 

'  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  306-10. 

*  In  Mason's  Heroic  Epistle  to  Sir  William  Chambers  (Jan.  1773): 

Fair  Schwellenbergen  smiles  the  sport  to  see, 

And  all  the  Maids  of  Honour  cry  Te!  He! 
She  does  not  appear  in  these  prints  till  1786,  and  then  in  an  illustration  to  The 
Rambler's  Magazine  (No.  6981). 

xii 


INTRODUCTION 

to  the  procession  (No.  7526)  and  to  the  banquet  (No.  7330).  Others 
(notably  G.  M.  Woodward)  arranged  the  figures  in  two  or  more  rows, 
avoiding  the  unwieldy  length  of  the  strip.  This  arrangement  may  have 
suggested  a  new  type  of  satire,  that  of  a  sequence  of  figures  showing  the 
effects  of  time,  as  in  The  Clerical  Exercise  (No.  8031),  or  a  sequence  of 
incidents  as  in  The  Progress  of  Passion  (No.  8104). 

The  use  of  colour  became  increasingly  general  and  most  prints  were 
issued  plain  or  coloured.  Not  all;  Sayers'  prints  were  primarily  designs  in 
black  and  white,  with  or  without  aquatint.  Paul  Sandby's  balloon  satires 
of  1784  are  examples  of  aquatint  in  which  colour  would  clearly  be  out  of 
place.  The  same  process  was  used  for  many  of  the  contemporary  French 
satires.  But  the  idea  seems  to  have  gained  ground  that  all  satirical  prints 
of  any  importance  should  be  coloured.  Gillray's  elaborate  Shakespeare 
Sacrificed  would  appear,  like  some  others  of  his  prints  about  this  period, 
to  have  been  conceived  as  an  etching  with  aquatint,  not  intended  for 
colour.  Sneyd  wrote  to  Gillray  in  1800 :  'Would  it  not  (now  that  Boy  dell's 
"Shakespeare"  is  more  familiar)  be  well  to  have  coloured  impressions  from 
that  plate  ?'^ 

In  spite  of  the  modernity  of  the  prints,  old  themes  persist  or  are  revived, 
as  in  the  period  covered  by  Volume  V.  Directly  in  the  Danse  Macabre 
tradition  is  a  print  by  ColUngs  (No.  7609),  a  sequel  to  one  by  Rowlandson 
on  the  theme  of  Death  and  the  doctor.  In  No.  8259  Death  preaches  to 
a  careless  congregation  ignorant  of  his  identity.  More  subtly  in  the 
tradition  is  the  figure  of  Death  which  stands  as  servant  at  Gillray's  Miser's 
Feast.  A  similar  figure  watches  a  pair  of  lovers  in  No.  6699.  ^^^  ^^^^  ^^^ 
(No.  7416)  is  a  version  of  an  ancient  theme  which  in  French  prints  of  the 
sixteenth  century  and  later  had  been  directed  at  the  magistrate  or  lawyer. 
Here  the  villain  is  merely  the  Devil.  A  medal  with  a  double-headed  profile, 
so  designed  that  when  inverted  the  Pope's  head  becomes  that  of  the  Devil, 
was  a  favourite  token  among  the  Protestant  Reformers  of  Germany, 
Holland,  and  Switzerland  in  the  sixteenth  century.^  It  was  applied  to 
Cromwell  in  a  satirical  medal  of  1650.  In  No.  6669  Bishop  Shipley  is 
conjoined  with  the  Devil  in  this  way,  with  the  original  inscription  as  used 
circa  1540:  Ecclesia  perversa  tenet  faciem  Diaboli.  The  idea  was  revived 
or  re-invented  and  was  applied  in  England  and  France  to  heads,  generally 
profile,  with  contrasted  characters  when  inverted.  In  France  the phisionomie 
a  double  visage  had  a  political  character  circa  1789-90.  It  was  again  current 
in  France  from  about  1820  as  a  popular  type  of  comic  print.^  English 
examples  in  this  volume  are  not  political  (No.  7617,  Sec). 

The  graphic  history  of  John  Bull  continues  to  develop  in  this  Volume.* 
He  is  depicted  ten  times  as  a  bull,  thirteen  times  as  a  man,  once  as  an  ass. 
George  III  is  twice  styled  John  Bull,  but  scarcely,  as  in  earlier  prints, 
typifies  the  nation.  Two  associated  conceptions  governs  John's  personality 
both  as  man  and  beast;  he  is  the  honest  creature,  overburdened  with  taxes, 
generally  patient  but  not  always.  And  he  is  the  same  creature  bewildered 
by  the  conflicting  and  self-regarding  voices  of  the  politicians.  In  the 
second  category  he  tends  to  be  a  countryman.  When  he  is  compared 
with  his  French  counterpart  he  is  well-fed  and  plainly  dressed — in  con- 
trast with  a  famished,  ragged  but  foppish  fellow.  In  1785  he  is  a  fat,  easy- 

^  Bagot,  Canning  and  his  Friends,  1909,  i.  171. 

^  F.  P.  Barnard,  Satirical  and  Controversial  Medals  of  the  Reformation,  1927,  p.  5. 

3  Grand- Carteret,  Les  mosurs  et  la  caricature  en  France.   Paris,  1888. 

*  See  Catalogue,  vol.  v,  pp.  xii-xiii. 

xiii 


INTRODUCTION 

going  creature,  cheated  by  a  French  charlatan  who  prospers  on  money 
extracted  from  England. 

As  a  bull  in  1784  he  supports,  or  is  ridden  by,  the  rival  candidates  for 
his  favour.  Thereafter,  he  sinks  snorting  under  heavy  taxes  (Nos.  6962, 
7852)  or  turns  on  his  tormentors  (No.  7640)  or  bears  the  weight  of  foreign 
princes  in  token  that  in  a  European  war  England  will  pay  the  piper 
(No.  7857).  As  a  man  he  is  generally  a  stout,  plainly  dressed  citizen, 
crushed  by  taxes  in  Nos.  6914,  7145,  7625.  In  1791  (No.  7857)  he  is  the 
thin,  ragged  taxpayer  of  a  prospective  war  with  Russia.  In  1790,  during 
the  Spanish  war  scare,  he  is  a  fat,  overburdened,  unmilitary  soldier,  angrily 
dismayed  at  the  helmet  of  'glory'  which  Pitt  is  about  to  place  on  his  head. 
In  Nos.  7888,  8141  (1791  and  1792)  by  Gillray  he  is  an  uncouth  country- 
man speaking  a  dialect  which  seems  to  suggest  Somerset,  bewildered  by 
politicians  as  he  is  in  No.  7361  (1788)  also  by  Gillray:  though  simple  he 
is  not  devoid  of  sense  and  the  implication  is  that  his  heart  is  in  the  right 
place.  As  the  patient  ass  in  No.  8076  he  is  the  victim  of  politicians  who 
compete  for  the  loaves  and  fishes;  Gillray 's  fat  'cit'  in  No.  8145,  who  is 
grossly  gorging  while  he  grumbles  at  the  Ministry  and  complains  of  the 
*slavery'  of  taxes  (1792),  is  clearly  John  Bull,  though  the  name  is  not  used. 
He  represents  English  slavery  as  contrasted  with  French  liberty.  The 
John  Bull  in  top  boots  of  Gillray  (No.  5612)  based  on  a  design  by  Nixon 
of  1779  seems  to  belong  to  the  year  1788.^  The  top-boots  reappear  in  this 
volume  only  when  John  Bull  is  a  traveller  in  France  (No.  8199).  In  an 
undated  and  ostensibly  French,  but  probably  English,  print  which  seems 
to  belong  to  the  winter  of  178 1-2,  John  Bull  has  the  unusual  form  of  a 
bearded  Jew ;  he  conforms  to  type  by  bending  under  a  load  of  taxes.  John 
Gilpin  may  almost  be  regarded  as  a  relation  of  John  Bull.  He  is  depicted 
twenty-one  times  in  this  volume  and  is  similar  in  type  to  Bull. 

The  Frenchman,  Spaniard,  and  Dutchman  continue  to  be  depicted  on 
traditional  lines :  the  Dutchman  wears  the  same  bulky  breeches  and  sleeved 
waistcoat,  always  has  a  pipe  and  is  usually  smoking.  The  Spaniard  is  a 
don  in  the  cloak  and  ruff  of  the  Elizabethan  period.  The  Frenchman 
remains  ragged,  hungry,  and  foppish,  but  from  1791  becomes  in  the  hands 
of  Gillray  also  bloodthirsty  and  savage.  The  old  names  deriving  from 
Arbuthnot  of  Nick  Frog,  Don  Strut,  and  Lewis  Baboon  are  dropped. 
John  Bull  also  appears  to  have  acquired  a  personality  in  which  his  literary 
origin  has  been  forgiven,  unless  an  allusion  to  the  Crown  Inn  in  No.  8065 
is  to  be  regarded  as  deriving  from  Arbuthnot. 

There  are  some  interesting  examples  in  this  volume  of  the  reciprocal 
copying  of  English  and  French  prints.  The  first  is  The  Grand  British 
Balloon  (No.  6710),  either  a  copy  or  the  original  of  a  French  print  of 
which  there  are  at  least  two  versions,  while  a  third  was  published  at  Berne. 
M.  Grand- Carteret  considers  the  English  version  the  original;  there  is, 
however,  something  Gallic  about  both  design  and  conception,  while  the 
number  '2440'  must  surely  derive  from  Mercier's  VAn  2440.  The  French 
version  is  surmounted  by  a  cock,  the  English  by  a  lion.  At  a  date  probably 
after  the  use  of  captive  balloons  by  the  French  army  in  1794  this  balloon 
was  copied  in  a  German  print  of  two  (French)  balloons  from  which  bombs 
descend  upon  two  armies,  one  being  put  to  flight  (Bruel  No.  145,  de 
Vinck  No.  920).  The  English  print  was  reissued  during  the  French  in- 
vasion scare  of  1798,  the  balloon  being  transformed  into  The  Grand 
Republican  Balloon  (see  Volume  VII).   A  print,  La  Minerve^  of  a  balloon 

*  See  p.  xxxvii. 
xiv 


INTRODUCTION 

in  which  the  Belgian  aeronaut  Robertson  (fits  de  Robert)  professed  to  be 
able  to  circumnavigate  the  globe  in  the  interests  of  science,  is  copied  from 
a  version  of  this  print. 

An  English  version  appears  to  have  been  the  original  of  other  copies 
described  in  this  volume.  There  are  two  prints,  both  by  Gillray,  in  which 
French  liberty  is  contrasted  with  English  slavery,  both  to  some  degree 
ironical.  In  the  first  (No.  7546)  Necker  is  contrasted  with  Pitt:  Necker 
is  chaired  in  triumph,  but  is  made  slightly  ridiculous  by  his  complacent 
expression  and  the  laurel  wreath  that  floats  over  his  head  in  the  form  of  a 
halo.  Pitt  arrogantly  tramples  on  the  crown  and  is  surrounded  with 
instruments  of  death  and  torture,  symbols  of  the  supposed  slavery  involved 
in  an  excise  duty  on  tobacco.  This  print  was  copied  in  France  as  two 
separate  prints  with  the  titles  Constitution  de  France  (Necker's  wreath 
being  removed),  and  Constitution  d'Angleterre.  The  latter  part  was  again 
copied,  probably  after  the  outbreak  of  war.  In  No.  8145  (1792)  a  starving 
sansculotte  is  compared  to  a  gross  John  Bull  avidly  gorging  while  he 
grumbles  at  the  slavery  of  taxes.  This  Englishman  was  copied  in  a  French 
print  of  1794  (see  Volume  VII). 

Other  copies  have  no  political  significance  in  regard  to  Anglo-French 
relations,  they  are  merely  plagiaristic  and  are  signs  of  the  admitted 
supremacy  of  English  caricature.  In  No.  7883  (1791)  Gillray  depicts  two 
groups  of  French  ragamuffins : '  The  National  Assembly  Petrified'  and  *  The 
National  Assembly  Revivified*  at  the  news  of  the  King's  escape  and  recapture 
respectively.  This  also  was  copied  as  two  separate  prints,  La  Petrifaction 
and  La  Satisfaction ^^  the  tricolour  cockades  altered  to  fleur-de-lis  badges 
to  show  that  the  capering  Frenchmen  are  emigres,  the  prints  being 
instanced  by  Challamel  to  show  that  French  caricature  could  be  expressive 
and  need  not  depend  on  written  inscriptions.  A  rather  similar  subject  by 
Isaac  Cruikshank  of  emigrant  clergy  learning  of  the  decree  that  all  returning 
Emigres  would  be  put  to  death  (No.  8130)  was  copied  with  alterations  to 
represent  emigres  in  Rome  in  1798.  Another  print  by  Cruikshank  of  the 
Duke  of  York's  presentation  of  his  bride  to  the  King  and  Queen  (No. 
7931)  was  copied  to  represent  the  marriage  of  Marie  Antoinette.  A  print 
of  Catherine  II  angrily  chastising  the  Duke  of  Brunswick  and  maltreating 
the  King  of  Poland  (No.  8124)  was  also  copied  with  alterations  in  which 
Francis  II  takes  the  place  of  Stanislaus.  A  print  of  Brunswick's  retreat 
(No.  8125)  was  also  copied,  while  its  principal  group  appears  as  a  vignette 
below  one  of  the  best  known  French  caricatures  of  this  period,  Le  Trium- 
Gueusat. 

An  Imperial  Stride  (No.  7843)  is  the  most  noteworthy  instance  of  an 
English  print  copied  in  France ;  with  some  alterations  it  became  UEnjambde 
Imperiale.  Champfleury  calls  the  latter  'Une  des  plus  piquantes  caricatures 
de  la  Revolution,  avec  une  pointe  de  gauloiserie  tres  rare  au  milieu  des 
sombres  et  dures  images  du  temps.'  It  is  indeed  entirely  unlike  the  French 
satires  of  the  period,  except  where  the  figure  of  Catherine  was  again  copied 
or  imitated,  but  it  is  typical  of  the  English  prints  on  the  Tsarina  and  one 
of  several  by  the  same  hand.  The  designs  of  Catherine  on  Constantinople 
were  a  preoccupation  in  England  in  connexion  with  Pitt 's  Russian  Armament. 
Another  outstanding  French  satirical  print  is  La  Grande  Armee  du  ci- 
devant  Prince  de  Conde.  Champfleury  calls  it  'la  plus  amusante  peutetre 
de  toute  la  Revolution',  and  the  de  Goncourts,  while  disparaging  the 
caricatures  published  during  the  Revolution,  make  an  exception  of  this 
'  Published  Depeuille,  1797.   Broadley,  Napoleon  in  Caricature,  ii.  374. 

XV 


INTRODUCTION 

print  as  'vraiment  heureuse*.  While  it  was  probably  based  on  a  sketch  or 
detailed  description  from  France  the  print  is  in  the  manner  of  Richard 
Newton  and  the  script  is  in  the  handwriting  of  the  prints  published  by 
Holland.  There  is  another  version,  apparently  a  French  copy,  slightly 
larger,  and  with  a  few  additional  inscriptions,  but  drawn  with  less  freedom 
and  humour.  Impressions  of  both  are  in  the  Print  Room,  but  as  a  purely 
French  subject  it  is  not  included  in  the  Catalogue. 

The  supremacy  of  English  caricature  at  this  time  is  sufficiently  seen  in 
a  comparison  of  English  prints  with  French  Revolutionary  caricatures. 
The  latter  are  propagandist  weapons  in  a  fierce  struggle,  and  it  is  significant 
that  expressiveness  and  gauloiserie  are  found  by  French  commentators  in 
those  prints  which  are  based  on  the  work  of  English  artists.  They  can  be 
set  against  the  debt  which  Rowlandson  may  owe  to  Debucourt. 

Political  Satires. 

The  year  1784  opened  during  the  Christmas  pause  in  the  conflict 
between  Pitt  and  the  minority  of  the  House  of  Commons.  The  waxing 
and  waning  of  the  numbers  of  political  prints  from  year  to  year  and  even 
from  day  to  day,  well  indicate  the  curve  of  political  excitement.  High- 
watermark  was  reached  in  this  year  with  325  prints,  257  appearing  in  the 
first  five  months.  As  in  the  previous  December  the  Coalition  and  the 
India  Bill  are  at  first  the  sole  subjects  of  caricature.  Then  every  stage  of 
the  parliamentary  struggle  is  illustrated,  and  the  graphic  rendering  of 
constitutional  themes  is  remarkable.  The  confidence  of  the  Foxites  during 
January  and  February  that  Pitt's  fall  was  imminent  is  not  reflected  in  these 
prints.  Their  general  tenor  is  the  defeat  and  humiliation  of  Fox ;  the  King's 
action  is  often  approved.  As  in  1782-3  Fox  is  Guy  Vaux,  Cromwell, 
Milton's  Satan,  and  Carlo  Khan.  He  is  also  Catiline,  Charles  III,  Milton's 
*Incubus'  and  even  Beelzebub.  A  great  impression  was  made  by  Sayers' 
Mirror  of  Patriotism  (No.  6380):  Fox  looks  in  a  glass  which  reflects  the 
face  of  Cromwell.  The  French  Ambassador  wrote  ']e  sais  de  bonne  part 
que  M.  Fox  a  ete  sensible  a  cette  caricature.'  And  before  his  rehabilitation 
Cromwell  stood  for  a  treacherous  dictator.  The  two  opposing  themes  are 
that  of  Fox  as  a  would-be  dictator  trying  to  usurp  the  prerogatives  of  the 
Crown'  with  Pitt  as  the  defender  of  the  Constitution,  and  that  of  Pitt  as 
the  creature  of  secret  influence,  attacking  the  House  of  Commons,  and 
achieving  office  by  the  back  stairs,  with  Temple  holding  a  conspiratorial 
dark  lantern.  It  is  significant  that  it  is  in  Foxite  prints  that  Pitt  is  sup- 
^  ported  by  'popular  frenzy'  (No.  6438,  &c.)  and  the  'breath  of  popularity' 
(No.  6445),  while  in  No.  6486  the  King  and  Pitt  are  upheld  by  bubble- 
balloons  representing  'the  wishes  of  the  people'.  This  was  the  Whig  view 
of  the  debacle.  Trotter,  Fox's  secretary,  wrote  'the  passions  of  the  vulgar 
made  and  kept  Mr.  Pitt  minister'.  The  important  share  of  the  prints  in 
evoking  this  frenzy  was  generally  admitted  (see  e.g.  No.  6473).  Sheridan, 
attacking  Dundas  for  a  speech  which  'might  fairly  be  deemed  hints  for 
J.  paragraphs  and  sketches  for  prints',  spoke  of  the  'arts  that  had  been 
practised  ...  to  corrupt  the  majority'.^  The  constitutional  issues  from 
the  Foxite  angle  are  well  summarized  in  three  prints  by  Rowlandson  on 
the  dissolution,  probably  from  the  designs  of  an  amateur  (Nos.  6436, 
6469,  6476). 

*  For  the  aspects  of  the  India  Bill  which  gave  rise  to  this  theme  cf.  an  article 
by  the  writer  on  Fox's  Martyrs  in  the  Transactions  of  the  Royal  Historical  Society ^ 
1938. 

*  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  295  (12  Jan.  1784). 

xvi 


INTRODUCTION 

After  the  dissolution  the  prints  relate  almost  entirely  to  the  Westminster 
Election,  and  the  excitement  is  reflected  by  their  numbers,  89  for  April 
alone.  To  understand  them  it  is  necessary  to  compare  them  with  the  day- 
to-day  results  of  the  poll,  given  in  Appendix  I.  Most  of  the  prints  are 
propaganda,  and  in  many  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  is  grossly  attacked, 
to  deter  her  from  her  very  important  canvassing  activities.  A  Foxite  squib 
gives  among  the  items  of  a  supposed  'Secret  Service  Ledger':  *To  several 

Print  Shops  ^£2,000.'   *To  Mr. for  his  indecent  engravings  £500.'' 

Political  issues  almost  disappear,  and  the  election  was  fought  mainly  on 
personalities.  No  attempt  was  made  to  defeat  Hood,  who  stood  jointly  with 
Wray,  and  all  the  energies  of  the  party  were  directed  against  the  latter. 
Fox  at  first  despaired  (No.  6500),  but  Wray  was  vulnerable  from  his 
reputation  for  parsimony;  he  was  supported  by  the  unpopular  Jackson,^ 
agent  to  the  Duke  of  Newcastle,  who  shared  his  reputed  addiction  to  small 
beer  (No.  6492),  and  he  had  made  two  proposals  which  were  used  against 
him  with  deadly  effect,  one  relating  to  Chelsea  Hospital,  the  other  to  the 
taxation  of  maidservants  (No.  6475). 

Wray  owed  his  position  in  Westminster  to  his  advocacy  of  parliamentary 
reform,  an  issue  at  the  famous  meeting  of  14  February  (No.  6426).  For 
this  reason  he  was  supported  at  the  election  by  Dr.  Jebb  and  by  Major 
Cartwright,  who  appears  in  the  first  of  the  election  prints  as  The  Drum 
Major  of  Sedition  (No.  6474).  But  Reform  is  scarcely  alluded  to  in  the 
election  prints,  and  the  character  of  the  scanty  references  to  it  in  this 
volume  are  consistent  with  the  lack  of  public  interest  in  the  matter.^ 
Since  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  was  not  deterred  from  canvassing  by 
the  campaign  against  her,  this  was  probably  damaging  to  Wray.  The  great 
importance  attached  by  the  party  to  her  efforts  is  illustrated  by  the  prints 
and  borne  out  by  her  correspondence.  When  she  left  London,  ostensibly 
on  account  of  her  mother's  health,  she  was  urgently  recalled  by  the  Duke 
and  Duchess  of  Portland,  the  latter  saying  (13  April),  *I  am  almost  worn 
out.  ...  If  we  should  lose  it  is  owing  to  your  absence.'  A  letter  from 
the  Duchess  to  Countess  Spencer  shows  how  nearly  the  vile  campaign 
against  her  succeeded,  and  how  thoroughly  she  deserved  the  tributes  in 
the  Foxite  prints  (No.  6599):  *.  .  .  I  am  unhappy  beyond  measure  here 
and  abus'd  for  nothing.  Yet  as  it  is  begun  I  must  go  on  with  it  .  .  .  they 
insist  upon  our  all  continuing  to  canvass — in  short  they  say  having  begun 
and  not  going  on  would  do  a  deal  of  harm. . .  .''^  The  number  of  the  prints 
is  significant  of  the  great  importance  of  the  election  and  they  are  indis- 
pensable to  an  understanding  of  its  history.  They  descend  to  a  level  of 
base  propaganda  that  is  exceptional  in  these  caricatures. 

The  election  over,  the  political  temperature  immediately  dropped.  The 
crisis  of  1783-4  is  retrospectively  summed  up  in  No.  6485  from  the  Foxite 
standpoint.  For  the  remainder  of  the  year  the  subjects  are  echoes  of  the 
general  election,  the  collapse  of  the  whigs,  the  baneful  influence  of  Fox 
on  the  Prince  of  Wales,  unrest  in  Ireland  which  the  Opposition  are  expected 
to  exploit.   On  the  other  side  Pitt  is  attacked  for  his  peerages  and  secret 

^  Westminster  Election,  p.  352.  The  blank  may  safely  be  filled  with  Dent's  name. 

^  He  shot  himself  5  Apr.  1797.  Lond.  Chronicle,  7  Apr. 

^  Wyvill  found  it  impossible  in  the  winter  of  1784-5  to  get  popular  support 
by  meetings  and  petitions  for  Pitt's  Reform  Bill.  Wyvill  Papers,  iv.  394-409.  He 
attributed  its  defeat  to  the  influence  of  the  aristocracy  'for  want  of  the  general 
support  of  the  people'.   A  Defence  of  Dr.  Price  .  ^.  1792,  p.  x. 

*  Anglo-Saxon  Review,  1 899,  Sept.,  pp.  74  ff.  Cf.  Diaries  and  Corr.  of  Malmesbury, 
1844,  ii.  65. 

xvii  b 


INTRODUCTION 

influence.  The  perennial  topic  of  taxation,  in  abeyance  during  the  crisis, 
returns. 

The  year  1785  was  politically  quiescent  after  the  heats  of  1784.  The 
political  satires  fall  to  49,  fewer  than  in  any  other  year  of  Pitt's  ministry, 
and  many  are  echoes  of  old  themes,  notably  the  influence  of  Fox  on  the 
Prince.  The  Westminster  Scrutiny  produced  only  one  print  (No.  6783), 
a  noteworthy  one  by  Rowlandson,  exulting  at  Fox's  success.  The  chief 
subjects  are  the  Irish  Propositions  and  taxes.  On  the  former  the  Opposition 
were  effectively  attacked  by  Sayers  in  No.  6795.  Pitt  is  castigated  for  the 
tax  on  maidservants  (actually  on  their  employers)  and  the  Shop  Tax.  The 
prints  reflect  the  ribald  and  factious  allegations  in  parliament  over  the 
servant  maids  (No.  6794).  The  shop  tax  was  a  more  serious  aflFair  and, 
together  with  the  Irish  Propositions,  was  construed  as  an  attack  on  British 
trade  (Nos.  6785,  6798).  Its  extreme  unpopularity  appears  in  the  prints; 
it  was  to  be  a  leading  issue  in  the  Westminster  election  of  1788.  Chan- 
cellors of  the  Exchequer  taxed  at  their  peril,  any  tax  might  evoke  the 
cry  of  'liberty  and  property'. 

Eighty-three  political  satires  for  1786  are  a  sign  of  increasing  political 
tension  due  chiefly  to  the  attack  by  the  Opposition  on  Hastings  and  to  the 
suspected  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  As  a  subject  of  caricature  the 
latter  prevailed,  and  the  prints  reflect  the  intensity  of  the  gossip  and 
innuendo  at  the  beginning  of  the  year.  The  marriage  was  complicated 
by  the  Prince's  debts,  now  a  public  issue  (No.  6945)  and  by  his  discreditable 
associates  (No.  6924).  The  relations  between  the  Prince,  the  Opposition, 
and  his  parents  have  become  disturbing  cross-currents  in  politics  and  are 
represented,  exaggerated,  and  distorted  in  caricature.  The  imputation  of 
miserliness  against  the  King  and  Queen  first  appears  in  these  prints  in 
No.  6945,  in  connexion  with  the  Prince's  debts.  This  imputation  was  also, 
by  an  unlucky  coincidence,  linked  with  the  question  of  Hastings.  His  im- 
peachment is  anticipated  in  No.  6925,  &c.  He  was  defended  by  Gillray 
in  The  Political-Banditti  assailing  the  Saviour  of  India  (No.  6955),  and  on 
the  whole  it  was  rather  Burke  than  Hastings  who  was  the  subject  of  attack 
until  the  unlucky  aff"air  of  the  bulse.  This,  a  package  of  diamonds  for 
the  King,  was  sent  through  Hastings  by  the  Nizam  of  the  Deccan,  and  had 
to  be  presented  immediately  after  the  debate  by  which  the  question  of 
impeachment  was  decided.  Innuendo  and  slander  were  sharpened  by  the 
Queen's  fondness  for  jewels  and  she  acquired  the  name  of  the  Queen  of 
Diamonds  (No.  6978).  From  this  moment  the  tide  of  opinion,  as  seen  in 
these  prints,  turned  against  Hastings,  and  there  was  an  outbreak  of 
lampoons  and  verse  satires.  The  turning-point  is  also  of  course  that  of 
Sheridan's  famous  speech  (and  of  a  less  famous  one  in  which  he  made 
insinuations  about  *a  large  diamond').^  From  this  date  bribery  with  jewels 
is  a  recurrent  theme  in  prints  relating  to  Hastings.  The  way  had  been 
prepared  by  allusion  in  The  Probationary  Odes  and  The  Rolliad. 

Other  subjects  of  satire  are  the  Sinking  Fund,  the  defeat  of  Richmond's 
fortification  scheme  by  the  casting  vote  of  the  Speaker  (No.  6921),  the 
attack  on  the  King  by  Margaret  Nicholson.  This  last  was  linked  up  with 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  in  one  of  several  prints  in  which  the  Prince  is  Prince 
Henry  with  Fox  as  Falstaff  (No.  6974).  The  aflPairs  of  Europe  came  within 
the  range  of  caricature  owing  to  the  designs  of  Joseph  II  on  Bavaria  and 
of  the  French  on  Holland  (No.  6917).    The  Commercial  Treaty  with 

'  Wraxall,  Memoir Sy  1884,  iv.  342-5. 
xviii 


INTRODUCTION 

France  is  the  subject  of  one  print  (No.  6995) ;  it  remains  to  be  a  leading 
topic  of  1787  when  it  was  attacked  in  Parliament. 

In  1787,  a  year  of  political  calm,  the  number  of  prints  drops  to  69. 
The  two  questions  before  parliament  were  the  impeachment  of  Hastings 
and  the  French  Treaty.  The  Opposition  attempted  to  repeat  the  tactics 
used  against  the  Irish  Propositions,  by  mobilizing  industrial  interests 
against  it.  The  treaty  was  so  manifestly  favourable  to  England  that  they 
failed  (No.  7140).  There  is  a  noteworthy  attack  by  Gillray  on  the  distribu- 
tion of  Indian  patronage  by  Dundas  (No.  7152).  The  Prince's  debts 
remained  a  troublesome  question  (No.  7162)  and  Fox's  famous  denial  of 
the  marriage  is  ridiculed  in  Gillray 's  Dido  Forsaken  (No.  7165). 

Foreign  affairs,  besides  the  French  treaty,  are  represented  by  the  Dutch 
crisis.  On  this  there  is  {inter  alia)  an  interesting  set  of  prints  by  Ramberg 
(No.  7176)  and  a  fantastic  design  by  Gillray  (No.  7181).  The  effects  of 
war  between  Russia  and  Turkey  on  the  situation  in  Holland  were  realized 
by  the  caricaturists  (Nos.  7180,  7181).  The  outcome  was  a  diplomatic 
triumph  for  Pitt  and  this  was  one  of  the  very  few  occasions  when  his  policy 
was  not  attacked  by  the  Opposition.  Consequently  the  prints  are  without 
political  rancour,  in  marked  contrast  with  those  on  the  later  disputes  with 
Spain  and  Russia. 

Excitement  returned  in  1788  for  four  reasons:  the  trial  of  Hastings, 
a  secondary  storm  over  Indian  affairs  raised  by  the  Declaratory  Act,  a  by- 
election  in  Westminster,  and  the  Regency  crisis.  The  political  prints 
increase  to  143.  The  trial  roused  intense  interest  in  the  first  year,  and 
thereafter  dragged  out  its  weary  length  (see  No.  7269)  little  regarded 
except  by  those  immediately  concerned.  The  opening,  as  a  social  sensation, 
and  a  triumph  for  Burke's  passionate  rhetoric,  is  depicted  in  Raree  Show 
(No.  7273).  *It  would  be  difficult  to  convey',  writes  Wraxall,  *an  idea  of 
the  agitation,  distress  and  horror  excited  among  the  female  part  of  the 
audience  by  his  statement  of  the  atrocities  and  in  many  instances  of  the 
deeds  of  blood,  perpetrated  as  he  asserted  by  Hastings's  connivance  or  by 
his  express  commands.'^  The  'deeds  of  blood'  and  the  allegations  deriving 
from  the  affair  of  the  bulse  are  symbolized  in  Gillray's  Blood  on  Thunder 
fording  the  Red  Sea  (No.  7278)  which  is  in  direct  opposition  to  his  Political 
Banditti^  reissued  in  this  year.  Since  irony  is  of  the  essence  of  Gillray's 
satire  the  question  arises  as  to  whether  it  was  intended  to  ridicule  the 
character  of  the  attack  on  Hastings.  Other  satires  scarcely  support  the 
suggestion :  he  and  Sayers  adopted  opposite  sides  and  parodied  each  others 
prints,  Gillray  using  Sayers's  signature,  first  in  two  prints  based  on  the 
admission  tickets  to  Westminster  Hall  (Nos.  7276,  7277).  In  the  third 
pair  Sayers  depicts  Burke  displaying  in  a  magic  lantern  objects  monstrously 
transformed  on  the  sheet:  a  Benares  flea  becomes  an  elephant,  a  'Begum 
wart'  becomes  Pelion  and  Ossa  piled  on  Olympus,  a  weasel  becomes  a 
whale  (this  is  one  of  many  prints  based  on  literary  allusions).  George 
Forster  described  it  two  years  later  as  one  of  the  happiest  ideas  that  had 
appeared  for  a  long  time,  adding  that  it  was  a  witty  criticism  on  Burke's 
hyperbole.^  Gillray  retaliated  with  a  print  in  which  Hastings  displays 
a  camera  obscura  to  the  King  and  Queen ;  in  its  diminishing  rays  an  elephant 
is  reduced  to  a  flea,  Ossa  to  a  wart,  murdered  Indian  women  to  'skin'd 
mice',  a  whale  to  a  weasel  (Nos.  7313,  7314).  Contrasted  views  of  Sheri- 
dan's famous  Begum  speech  are  given  in  two  prints  by  Dent :  The  Triumph  of 

^  Memoir Sy  1884,  v.  67. 

^  Voyage  .  .  .  en  Angleterre  et  en  France  fait  en  17 go.   Paris,  An  iv,  p.  52. 

xix 


INTRODUCTION 

Genius  over  Injustice  (No.  7331)  is  in  direct  opposition  to  the  Long  Winded 
Speech  in  which  Sheridan  is  the  verbose  mouthpiece  of  Burke  (p.  499). 

During  the  trial  the  Ministry  trembled  at  the  attempt  of  Opposition  to 
*raise  the  dead'  over  Pitt's  Declaratory  Bill  (No.  7283).  The  unpopularity 
of  Dundas  was  expected  'very  materially  to  injure  Pitt's  reputation  and 
Government',^  the  Opposition  even  hoped  to  'storm  the  closet'^  but  Pitt's 
conciliatory  handUng  of  the  affair  dispelled  their  hopes. 

With  the  interruption  of  proceedings  in  Westminster  Hall  satires  on 
the  trial  cease;  public  attention  was  concentrated  on  the  by-election  for 
Westminster  caused  by  Hood's  appointment  as  First  Lord  (No.  7339). 
No  opposition  to  his  re-election  was  expected,  and  Grenville  attributed 
Hood's  defeat  to  his  'security  for  the  first  three  days  and  total  inactivity 
for  three  days  more'.   The  supposed  consternation  of  the  Government^ 
is  scarcely  supported  by  the  correspondence  of  Ministers,'^  but  the  defeat 
was  sensational  and  had  important  consequences.    Popular  interest  was 
not  lessened  by  the  identity  of  the  Foxite  candidate.  Lord  John  Townshend. 
As  usual,  the  election  was  fought  mainly  on  personalities,  but  the  Ministry 
was  damaged  by  the  Shop  Tax,  though  Hood  had  voted  for  repeal,  thus 
evoking  the  ancient  gibe  of  'two  faces  under  a  Hood'  (No.  7341),  and  by 
the  policy  of  naval  promotions  (No.  7126)  that  had  led  to  Howe's  resigna- 
tion and  thus  to  the  election.    The  Ministry  were  genuinely  convinced 
that  bribery  and  impersonation  had  taken  place  on  a  large  scale,  and  the 
belief  is  reflected  in  a  number  of  prints.  The  High  Bailiff  is  said  to  have 
been  so  intimidated  by  the  result  of  the  Scrutiny  in  1785  that  'he  yielded  in 
every  case  to  the  most  abject  fears  on  every  threat  of  Mr.  Fox'.^  In  the  prints 
Townshend  is  more  harshly  dealt  with  than  Hood,  and  Gillray  produced 
several  anti-Foxite  satires.  He  also  attacked  the  Pittite  cfl«ar^^  of  the  election 
(No.  7371)  and  attacked  Treasury  assistance  to  election  expenses  (No.  7369). 
The  election  was  hardly  over,  followed  by  Fox's  departure  to  Switzer- 
land (No.  7370),  when  the  King's  illness  became  the  all-prevailing  theme, 
and  remained  so  until  the  end  of  the  Regency  crisis.   On  this  subject  there 
are  twenty-four  prints  from  November  5  to  the  end  of  the  year.    The 
excitement  continued  to  increase  during  the  first  months  of  1789.    For 
this  year,  out  of  92  satires,  46  are  directly  concerned  with  the  Regency, 
while  echoes  of  the  crisis  recurred  for  several  months.   The  prints  afford 
a  striking  survey  of  the  whole  affair  from  every  point  of  view,  the  carica- 
turists being  remarkably  well  informed.   The  blaze  of  publicity,  and  the 
grossness  of  the  allegations  which  were  bandied  about  are  illustrated.  The 
King  is  treated  with  respect,  at  first  the  prints  are  unfavourable  to  the 
Prince  and  the  Opposition,  and  then,  in  spite  of  his  undoubted  popularity, 
turn  against  Pitt  in  what  appears  to  have  been  a  concerted  campaign.^ 
The  newspapers  are  said  to  have  been  bought  by  the  Opposition  (No. 
7510),  though  The  Times  remained  Pittite.^   The  personal  and  constitu- 

^  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III,  i.  361. 

^  Cornwallis  Correspondence,  i.  369. 

3  A.  Stephens  asserts  that  Townshend's  election  'revived  the  declining  hopes 
of  his  party'  and  'seemed  to  appal  and  confound  Ministers'.  Memoirs  0/  Home 
Tooke,  18 13,  ii.  70-1. 

^  Buckingham,  op.  cit.  i.  414;  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Dropmore  Papers,  i.  348-9. 

5  Buckingham,  op.  cit.  i.  414,  417. 

^  Pitt  is  urged  by  a  pamphleteer  to  'be  cautious;  and,  in  manly  contempt  of 
Print-Shops,  Pamphlets,  and  Prostitute  Publications,  keep  the  reins  till  the  King 
and  People  are  secure.'  Alfred,  B.M.L.,  T.  1 120/5. 

'  Hist,  of  the  Times,  1935,  pp.  52  ff.  Cf.  No.  7526,  based  on  a  publication  by 
Walter. 

XX 


INTRODUCTION 

tional  points  at  issue  come  to  startling  life  in  the  prints :  Pitt  is  accused  of 
being  the  prince's  competitor,  as  he  was  by  Burke  (No.  7382),  and  there- 
after, as  if  in  revenge  for  old  names  of  Carlo  Khan  and  Charles  III,  he  is 
occasionally  styled  Prince  William  or  William  IV  (No.  7494).  Other  points 
are  the  part  taken  by  Thurlow  (No.  7377),  Fox's  claim  for  the  Prince's 
inherent  right  to  the  regency  independently  of  parliament  (No,  7381),  the 
dominating  influence  of  Sheridan  at  Carlton  House  (No.  7513),  the  jealousy 
between  him  and  Fox  (No.  7497),  Burke's  wild  speeches  (No.  7499),  the 
allegations  against  the  Queen  (No.  7510).  The  sudden  dashing  of  the 
confident  expectations  of  Carlton  House  is  well  rendered  in  Sayers's 
Regency  Twelfth  Cake  (No.  7509).  The  crisis  expired  in  the  laughter 
caused  by  the  arrival  of  the  delegation  from  Ireland  *a  day  after  the  fair' 
(No.  751 1).  The  King's  recovery,  at  which  rejoicing  was  unbounded, 
could  hardly  be  a  subject  of  satire,  but  disappointment  found  an  outlet 
in  ridicule  of  the  thanksgiving  procession  to  St.  Paul's :  the  clumsy  horse- 
manship and  unsoldierly  appearance  of  *cits',  the  high  prices  asked  for 
seats  on  the  route,  empty  'peep-holes'  at  three  guineas  each,  'seats  in  the 
gutter  one  shilling'  (Nos.  7524-5).  Restoration  Dresses  (No.  7522)  shows 
the  loyal  emblems  worn  by  ladies  of  both  parties  in  succession  to  the 
'Regency  caps'  of  the  Opposition  ladies.  The  duel  between  the  Duke  of 
York  and  Colonel  Lennox  was  an  epilogue  to  the  crisis ;  the  prints  illustrate 
the  unfortunate  publicity  which  inflamed  the  quarrel.  Prints  on  the  royal 
visit  to  Weymouth  constitute  a  pleasanter  sequel:  Nos.  7544  and  7555 
might  be  comic  illustrations  to  the  account  of  the  expedition  in  Fanny 
Burney's  Diary. 

The  year  ended  in  calm  and  the  caricaturists  were  able  to  take  cognizance 
of  events  in  France.  Already  in  1788  Le  Deficit  (No.  7376)  by  Isaac 
Cruikshank  had  illustrated  the  French  financial  crisis.  He  produced  a 
similar  print,  Les  Sacrefices  Forces  (No.  7553),  on  the  surrender  of  feudal 
privileges  on  4  August.  Both  are  acute  and  well-informed  satirical  com- 
ments, and  they  were  possibly  commissioned  for  circulation  in  France. 
Prints  on  the  fall  of  the  Bastille  register  enthusiastic  approval,  satire  and 
caricature  being  reserved  for  the  royal  family  and  especially  the  Queen, 
whom  Gillray  travesties  as  Messalina  (No.  7548).  The  removal  of  the 
royal  family  from  Versailles  to  Paris  is  treated  as  comedy  (No.  7560),  the 
unpopularity  of  Orleans  is  reflected  in  No.  7559. 

During  the  next  three  years  the  gradual  change  of  attitude  towards  the 
French  Revolution  is  of  outstanding  interest.  European  affairs  were  in 
the  foreground  of  the  national  consciousness.  The  year  1790  was  out- 
wardly calm,  with  some  ominous  aspects.  The  number  of  political  prints 
falls  to  74.  The  main  preoccupations  are  the  attempted  relief  of  dissenters 
by  repeal  of  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts,  the  Spanish  crisis  over  Nootka 
Sound,  a  Westminster  election,  and  lastly,  Burke's  Reflections  on  the  French 
Revolution.  The  prints  are  without  exception  hostile  to  dissent,  the  cry 
of  the  Church  in  danger  being  effectively  raised.  An  organized  agitation 
by  the  dissenters  and  an  agreement  to  support  at  the  general  election  only 
those  well-affected  to  the  cause  of  civil  and  religious  liberty  injured  their 
cause,  Fox  having  made  the  matter  a  party  question.  But  above  all,  their 
unpopularity  was  due  to  Price's  famous  Revolution  Sermon  (4  Nov.  1789) 
much  circulated  as  a  pamphlet,  and  to  a  pamphlet  by  Priestley  in  which  he 
anticipated  that  symbolical  'grains  of  gunpowder'  would  blow  up  orthodoxy 
and  hierarchy  'perhaps  as  suddenly,  as  unexpectedly,  and  as  completely 
as  the  overthrow  of  the  late  arbitrary  government  in  France'  (No.  7632). 

xxi 


INTRODUCTION 

Price  and  Priestley  are  the  chief  villains  of  a  number  of  satires  on  the 
dissenters,  who  are  compared  with  the  republican  sectaries  of  the  seven- 
teenth century.  The  first  and  leading  print  on  the  subject  (No.  7628) 
contains,  significantly  enough,  the  first  hostile  allusion  to  the  French 
Revolution,  and  the  Foxites  are  attacked  for  their  support  of  the  dissenters. 
The  motions  for  repeal  in  1787  and  1789  had  passed  unnoticed  by  the 
caricaturists  (cf.  No.  7347). 

The  expenses  of  the  by-election  in  Westminster  in  1788  had  been  so 
heavy  that  each  side  agreed  to  support  one  candidate  only.  The  arrange- 
ment (common  in  similar  circumstances)  was  denounced  as  a  shameful 
coalition,  and  Home  Tooke  appeared  on  the  hustings  and  demanded  a 
poll  (No.  7638).  The  consequences  of  the  compact  affected  Westminster 
politics  for  many  years  and  were  a  factor  in  the  success  of  Sir  Francis 
Burdett.  The  beginning  of  the  crisis  over  Nootka  Sound  (now  Vancouver 
Island)  coincided  with  the  election.  Pitt  was  accused  of  truckling  to  Spain 
(No.  7662),  of  keeping  the  people  in  the  dark  by  secret  diplomacy  (No. 
7653),  of  thrusting  the  overburdened  John  Bull  into  war  (No.  7666). 
Howe  was  attacked  for  keeping  the  Navy  in  port  instead  of  fighting  the 
dons  (No.  7669).  The  Spanish  Convention  (No.  7687),  though  entirely 
satisfactory  to  Great  Britain,  was  attacked  as  base  servility  to  Spain.  These 
accusations  preceded  Fox's  violent  attack  on  the  Convention.  Party 
rancour  increased  in  proportion  to  Pitt's  success.^ 

The  sensation  caused  by  Burke's  Reflections  is  amusingly  reflected  in 
the  prints,  which  emphatically  do  not  support  the  French  Ambassador's 
opinion  that  the  book  had  united  the  whole  nation  against  changes  in 
France.^  The  passage  about  Marie  Antoinette  is  generally  selected  for 
ridicule,  and  caricature  anticipated  Tom  Paine  in  representing  Burke 
as  Don  Quixote  (No.  7678);  he  carries  the  shield  of  Aristocracy  and 
Despotism.  The  attack  on  Price's  sermon  is  treated  with  more  respect, 
it  was  as  a  direct  consequence  of  the  book  that  the  attack  on  Versailles 
and  Price's  sermon  were  jointly  pilloried  by  Isaac  Cruikshank  (No.  7691). 
When  Gillray  depicts  Price  terrified  by  Burke  and  conscience  it  is  Burke 
who  is  caricatured  (No.  7686). 

A  hundred  and  nineteen  political  prints  for  1791  denote  some  rise  in 
the  political  temperature  and  much  interest  in  the  marriage  of  the  Duke 
of  York  and  in  the  joint  establishment  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and 
Mrs.  Jordan,  events  that  inevitably  brought  the  Prince  and  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert  back  into  the  limelight  (No.  7910).  The  Spanish  Convention 
continued  to  be  a  subject  of  factious  acrimony,  but  was  soon  over- 
shadowed by  the  Russian  Armament.  This  was  an  occasion  when,  as  over 
the  Irish  Propositions  in  1785,  the  Opposition  succeeded  in  mobilizing 
public  opinion  and  deflecting  Pitt  from  his  policy.  'The  country  through- 
out have  told  Mr.  Pitt  they  will  not  go  to  war.'  The  resulting  crisis  was 
important,  though  not  serious,  Pitt  was  too  firmly  entrenched,  the 
Opposition  too  much  discredited.  'Were  Mr.  Fox  a  fresh  man',  Storer 
continues,  'there  would  be  little  difficulty  in  getting  into  office :  but  he  has 
so  many  old  scores  to  wipe  off,  that  I  am  not  sanguine  enough  to  foresee 
any  favourable  event  likely  to  happen  soon  either  for  him  or  his  party. '^ 
The  interesting  prints  on  the  Armament  stress  the  arguments  against  war : 
loss  of  trade  (No.  7841),  heavy  taxation  (No.  7842),  the  supposed  selfish 

^  Auckland  Correspondence,  ii.  387-9  (6  May  1791). 

2  Stoker,  Pitt  et  la  Rev.franfaise,  Paris  1935,  p.  49. 

3  Auckland  Corr.,  loc.  cit. 

xxii 


INTRODUCTION 

duplicity  of  Prussia,  bent  on  acquiring  Danzig  and  Thorn  (No.  7847). 
These  and  other  points  were  neatly  selected  from  the  debates.  And  when, 
owing  to  this  opposition,  the  policy  of  the  Armament  (by  which  Pitt  had 
hoped  to  repeat  his  Spanish  success)  was  dropped,  the  humiliation  of 
England  and  triumph  of  Catherine  were  the  subject  of  a  print  (No.  7857). 
Throughout,  Catherine's  designs  on  Turkey  are  the  subject  of  ribald 
comment,  and  while  some  of  the  prints  are  well  informed,  others  are 
merely  indecorous.  An  Imperial  Stride  (No.  7843)  is  typical  and  is  note- 
worthy for  its  French  copy.^  The  episode  of  the  bust  of  Fox  ordered  by 
the  Tsarina  on  account  of  his  opposition  to  the  Armament  was  the  subject 
of  prints  in  1791  and  1792  (No.  7902).  General  ideas  on  foreign  policy 
are  discoverable  in  the  prints  on  the  Russian  crisis:  opposition  to  secret 
diplomacy  (No.  7871),  the  preservation  of  the  balance  of  power  (No. 
8067). 

English  politics  were  increasingly  darkened  by  the  French  Revolution. 
The  flight  to  Varennes  is  said  to  have  roused  universal  sympathy  in 
England  for  the  French  royal  family;  this  does  not  appear  in  the  prints, 
the  affair  is  treated  as  comic  (No.  7884).  In  No.  7886  the  breaking  of  the 
King's  oath  to  preserve  the  Constitution  is  the  serious  nucleus  of  a  comic 
print.  Burke's  famous  quarrel  with  Fox  was  ominous  and  a  great  oppor- 
tunity to  the  caricaturists  (No.  7854).  No  mercy  is  shown  to  either  party, 
Burke  is  treated  as  a  renegade  who  turns  against  his  companions  in  infamy 
(No.  7861).  The  split  in  the  whig  party  is  foreshadowed  in  No.  7858,  the 
first  of  the  anti-Jacobin  prints.  Gillray  developed  the  anti- Jacobin  theme 
in  Rights  of  Man  . . .  (No.  7867),  dedicated  to  the  Jacobin  clubs  of  England 
and  France,  anticipating  by  two  years  the  use  of  the  word  by  Burke,  the 
earliest  instance  in  the  O.E.D.  The  theme  was  carried  to  extremes  in 
satires  on  the  second  anniversary  of  the  fall  of  the  Bastille  (No.  7890) 
which  represent  the  state  of  mind  which  led  to  the  Church  and  King  riots 
in  Birmingham.  Despite  this  (presumably)  loyal  spirit  the  royal  family 
receive  harsh  treatment  in  1791.  The  theme  of  miserly  hoarding  is 
prominent  (No.  7836).  The  Newmarket  sensation  over  the  Prince's  horse 
Escape  is  cleverly  satirized  by  Rowlandson  (Nos.  7918,  7919). 

There  are  96  political  satires  for  1792  which  opened  uneventfully  and 
closed  with  England  on  the  verge  of  war  with  the  French  Republic.  The 
high  level  of  the  stocks  and  proposals  for  a  reduction  of  taxation  reflected 
Pitt's  expectation  of  prolonged  peace  and  the  stability  of  his  government. 
Nevertheless,  the  Ministry  had  been  shaken  by  the  defeat  of  the  Russian 
policy,  and  there  were  rumours  of  cabinet  reconstruction  echoed  in  a 
famous  print  by  Gillray,  Malagrida  Driving  Post  (No.  8069).  Pitt's  security 
was  shown  in  the  dismissal  of  Thurlow,  the  subject  of  several  prints, 
notably  Gillray 's  Sin^  Death  and  the  Devil  (No.  8105).  The  Opposition, 
in  1792,  as  in  1791,  attempted  to  make  capital  out  of  the  Mysore  War; 
its  conduct  was  attacked  to  the  indignant  astonishment  of  Cornwallis,  and 
only  the  complete  defeat  of  Tipu  put  an  end  to  a  series  of  innuendoes 
relating  to  dispatches  from  India  (Nos.  7904,  8090). 

The  first  action  against  'French  principles'  was  the  proclamation  in 
May  against  seditious  writings,  satirized  by  Gillray  in  an  attack  on  the 
supposed  besetting  sins  of  the  royal  family  (No.  8095).  The  proclamation 
was  aimed  chiefly  at  Paine,  but  was  thought  by  the  Whigs  to  be  directed 
against  the  Association  of  the  Friends  of  the  People  (No.  8087)  and  an 
attempt  to  split  their  party.  Talleyrand  notes  the  infinite  harm  done  to 
"  See  above,  pp.  xv-xvi. 
xxiii 


INTRODUCTION 

the  Association  by  the  second  part  of  Paine 's  Rights  of  Man.^  This 
(No.  8137),  with  Burke's  Reflections,  the  proclamations,  the  Friends  of 
the  People,  the  camp  on  Bagshot  Heath  (No.  81 15),  the  association  of  the 
Opposition  with  Talleyrand  and  Chauvelin  (No.  8088)  were  all  factors  in 
the  inflaming  of  opinion  and  in  the  eventual  split  in  the  Whig  party.  The 
prints  express  alarm  and  resentment  at  Paine  (No.  81 31)  and  at  corre- 
spondence with  France  (No.  8108).  Paine 's  book  is  now  chiefly  read  for 
its  proposals  on  social  reform;  contemporaries  were  mainly  interested  in 
the  attitude  towards  *  Kings  and  Priests'. 

French  affairs  are  increasingly  the  subject  of  caricature:  the  retreat 
from  Tournai  and  the  murder  of  Dillon  (No.  8085),  the  decree  against 
emigres  (No.  8130);  the  invasion  of  the  Tuileries  is  ironically  contrasted 
with  the  'baiser  Lamourette'  (p.  922).  The  September  Massacres  are  the 
subject  of  a  terrible  satire  by  Gillray  (No.  8122).  On  the  other  hand  the 
French  princes  are  satirized  in  No.  8068,  and  the  bombast  and  retreat 
of  Brunswick  are  ridiculed  (No.  8125),  though  the  French  army  is  depicted 
as  a  band  of  ragamuffins  (No.  8124).  The  famous  decree  of  19  November 
is  amusingly  satirized  in  French  Liberality ,  or  an  attempt  to  conquer  all  the 
World  by  being  too  civil  by  half  (No.  8136).  In  this  there  is  little  rancour, 
and  French  poHcy  is  more  severely  dealt  with  in  No.  8150,  Philosophy 
run  mady  or  a  stupendous  Monument  of  human  Wisdom  (quoting  the  phrase 
of  Fox  on  the  French  constitution  that  had  so  exasperated  Burke).  The 
first  and  only  allusion  to  the  guillotine  is  in  No.  813 1. 

At  the  end  of  1792  there  was  again  a  trend  towards  the  anti- Jacobin 
theme  and  two  prints  (Nos.  8149,  8150)  were  issued  as  propagandist  tracts 
by  the  'Society  for  preserving  Liberty  and  Property  .  .  .'  a  body  eulogized 
by  Sayers  in  Nos.  8138  and  8144  and  ridiculed  by  Gillray  in  No.  8141  as 
*The  Association  for  vending  two 'penny  scurrilities',  where  Pitt  is  accused 
of  bewildering  John  Bull  by  false  alarms.  Burke's  famous  dagger  scene 
was  ridiculed  by  Gillray  in  No.  8147.  The  first  and  only  serious  hint  of 
war  (15  Dec.)  is  in  an  anti-levelling  print  by  Sayers  (No.  8138)  in  which 
a  sailor  and  soldier  shout  for  'King  and  Country'.  A  premature  war  scare 
in  April  had  evoked  a  caricature  of  George  III  arming  in  defence  of  the 
unpopular  French  princes  (No.  8084).  The  specifically  patriotic  prints 
are  few,  in  fact  the  only  ones  wholly  in  that  category  are  Sayers'  print 
(No.  8138)  and  a  propagandist  print  contrasting  British  Liberty  and 
French  Liberty  (No.  8149).  In  No.  8150  Gillray  treats  the  same  subject 
with  an  irony  which  removes  it  from  patriotic  propaganda. 

This  is  the  main  outline  of  public  affairs  as  depicted  in  graphic  satire. 
There  are  many  subsidiary  themes,  notably  Pitt's  peerages,  and  the 
campaign  against  the  slave  trade.  Resentment  at  the  would-be  dictator 
is  first  directed  against  Fox,  then  against  Pitt  for  arrogantly  appropriating 
the  powers  of  the  Crown,  a  theme  not  entirely  confined  to  the  Regency 
crisis  (e.g.  No.  7936).  Throughout  the  prints  are  a  corrective  to  the 
suavity  of  official  portraiture.  Burke  is  depicted  as  irritable  and  un- 
balanced, verging  at  times  on  madness  in  his  attacks  on  Hastings  (No. 
7529),  in  his  praise  of  Marie  Antoinette,  in  his  quarrel  with  Fox,  in  the 
dagger  scene,  and  especially  during  the  Regency  crisis,  when  he  spoke 
wild  words  that  were  long  remembered  against  him  (Nos.  7499,  7689). 
This  aspect  of  Burke  was  politically  important,  and  is  often  forgotten  by 
historians  who  marvel  at  his  exclusion  from  high  office.   Mr.  Sichel  says 

»  Dispatch  of  23  May  1792,  ostensibly  by  Chauvelin.  Pallain,  La  Mission  de 
Talleyrand  d  Londres,  1888,  p.  299. 

xxiv 


INTRODUCTION 

that  Sheridan  in  caricature  is  *a  bloated  Silenus'.  That  is  not  so  in  the 
period  of  this  volume.  His  face  becomes  drink-blotched  and  he  has  a  sly 
and  occasionally  a  conspiratorial  expression.  He  is  repeatedly  Bardolph 
(No.  7528)  and  Joseph  Surface  (No.  7510).  In  fact,  apart  from  the 
exaggerations  of  the  anti-Jacobin  prints,  a  Sheridan  emerges  not  unlike 
the  Sheridan  of  Whig  opinion,  expressed  by  (among  others)  Lord  Fitz- 
william.  Lord  Holland,  Lady  Bessborough,  and  Creevey. 

Though  many  of  the  prints  attack  the  Ministry  in  Opposition  language, 
the  strong  Whiggish  undercurrent  apparent  in  the  prints  of  Volume  V 
up  to  1782  is  absent,  and  the  prevailing  spirit  seems  to  be  Tory  in  senti- 
ment. The  King  is  no  longer  a  tyrant,  he  is  a  figure  of  comedy,  and  it  is 
necessary  to  bear  in  mind  that  the  popularity  he  acquired  over  the  India 
Bill  (well  illustrated  here)  greatly  increased  as  a  result  of  his  illness,  so 
that,  as  Lord  Holland  says,  by  1807  he  had  'long  been  the  most  popular 
man  in  his  dominions'.  Evidence  of  this  popularity  is  perhaps  to  be 
seen  in  the  hatred  incurred  by  the  republican  Paine.  Brutus,  a  hero  in 
the  days  of  Wilkes  (No.  5237),  is  actually  associated  with  Catiline  in 
No.  813 1.  Though  parsons  are  ridiculed  the  Church  is  not  attacked,  and 
there  is  none  of  the  ultra-Protestant,  No-Popery  attitude  which  inflamed 
the  opposition  to  the  Quebec  Bill  and  culminated  in  1780.  A  few  emblems 
of  Popery  are  associated  with  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  but  a  measure  of  Catholic 
relief  passed  unnoticed  by  the  caricaturists,  who  reserve  their  venom  for 
Dissent.  Fox's  Libel  Act  is  equally  unnoticed,  but  the  proceedings  for 
libel  against  Shipley  (No.  6669)  are  approved.  Except  for  a  belated  echo 
of  Saratoga  (No.  6996)  allusions  to  America  are  made  only  as  gibes  against 
North,  or  Howe,  or  Paine  (No.  7867). 

How  far  caricature  was  the  means  of  conveying  to  France,  there  to  be 
misunderstood,  the  contentions  of  faction,  we  do  not  know.  Two  French 
copies  of  an  English  print  of  Pitt  as  a  cruel  tyrant  have  already  been  notf  d. 
A  striking  instance  of  an  Opposition  theme  used  in  France  at  a  critical 
moment  is  that  embodied  in  No.  7838  (1791),  where  Pitt  runs  off  with 
the  Bank  of  England,  that  is,  proposes  to  use  unclaimed  dividends  to  the 
extent  of  ^500,000  subject  to  repayment  on  demand.  This  harmless 
proposal  was  used  by  Brissot  in  January  1793  to  prove,  as  an  argument 
for  war,  that  England's  financial  position  was  desperate.  Prints  of  Fox, 
Sheridan,  and  others  as  disloyal  Jacobins  can  only  have  contributed  to 
French  misconceptions  of  the  condition  of  England.  The  violence  of 
political  satire,  though  significant,  was  to  some  degree  a  convention  which 
must  have  been  discounted  by  those  chiefly  concerned.  For  instance, 
a  print  of  George  III  wheeling  Hastings  in  a  barrow,  inscribed  'What 
a  man  buys  he  may  sell'  (No.  7267),  is  reputed  to  have  greatly  amused  the 
King. 

Personal  Satires. 

In  passing  from  political  satires  to  those  classed  as  personal  the  transition 
is  in  some  degree  from  satire,  occasionally  savage,  to  comic  art  in  general. 
An  element  of  cruelty,  however,  is  present  in  some  of  the  personal  satires, 
notably  in  the  virulent  campaign  against  Thicknesse,  led  but  not  begun 
by  Gillray,  and  in  the  prints  on  the  Gunning  scandal,  which  absorbed  the 
town  for  months.  Both  subjects  have  links  with  contemporary  literature. 
Miss  Gunning  and  her  mother  were  novelists ;  the  Memoirs  of  Thicknesse ^ 
the  occasion  of  the  prints,  are  still  readable. 

Personal  scandal  is  especially  represented  in  the  series  of  Tete-a-tete 

XXV 


INTRODUCTION 

portraits ;  these  decline  in  interest  and  increasingly  depend  on  summaries 
of  cases  of  crim.  con.  relating  for  the  most  part  to  inconspicuous  people. 
In  1792,  judging  from  the  costume,  the  portraits  cease  to  be  contemporary 
and  appear  to  be  reissues  of  old  plates.  They  have  not  therefore  been 
included  in  the  Catalogue.  Where  the  personal  details  or  clues  can  be 
tested  they  are  often  glaringly  inaccurate,  e.g.  in  the  cases  of  Admiral  Pigot 
(No.  6824),  Lord  George  Gordon  (No.  7004),  and  Sir  William  Hamilton 
(No.  7708).  The  series  had  been  the  mainstay  of  The  Town  and  Country 
Magazine y  and  it  expired  in  1792.  Horace  Bleackley  dropped  his  elucida- 
tions at  the  end  of  1790.  A  new  set  of  personal  prints,  chiefly  of  Edinburgh 
characters,  begins  with  the  work  of  Kay  in  1784. 

In  the  literary  satires  Johnson  remains  the  leading  figure.  In  No.  7052 
his  ghost  protests  against  the  outrages  perpetrated  by  his  biographers: 
these  are,  in  1786,  Boswell  (for  The  Tour)y  Mrs.  Piozzi  (for  the  Anecdotes)^ 
and  Courtenay  for  his  now  forgotten  verses.  The  Tour  to  the  Hebrides 
was  illustrated  in  an  amusing  set  of  plates  in  which  all  that  was  undignified 
and  ridiculous  in  Boswell  is  thrown  into  relief.  Walcot's  Bozzy  and  Piozzi 
was  wittily  illustrated  by  Rowlandson  (No.  7051).  The  Life  is  the  subject 
of  one  print  only  (No.  8282),  and  that  is  represented  by  a  copy  or  re-issue 
dated  1803.  In  this  Johnson's  ghost  reproaches  Boswell  both  for  the  Life 
and  the  Tour\  Boswell's  (now  re-discovered)  journal  appears  to  be  a 
conspicuous  feature.  Sir  John  Hawkins  was,  like  Boswell,  a  butt  of  the 
period:  he  is  made  the  'Editor'  of  The  Probationary  Odes  and  the  'Pre- 
liminary Discourse',  in  which  his  History  of  Music  is  ridiculed,  is  put  into 
his  mouth.  He  is  also  ridiculed  in  Bozzy  and  Piozzi^  and  appears  in 
No.  7051.  His  Life  and  Works  of  Johnson  (parodied  by  Porson  in  the 
Gentleman^ s  Magazine^  1787)  was  not  then  published ;  it  was  pilloried 
together  with  Boswell's  Tour  in  No.  7417,  in  which  Johnson's  ghost  again 
reproaches  Mrs.  Piozzi,  this  time  for  the  Letters. 

Gibbon  is  the  subject  of  two  prints.  The  Luminous  Historian  (No.  7418) 
is  an  unkind  caricature,  but  the  title  perpetuates  Sheridan's  tribute  in 
Westminster  Hall  to  'the  luminous  pages  of  Gibbon'.  In  No.  7419  his 
'Roman  History'  outweighs  the  bulky  works  of  Watson  of  Llandaff,  who 
figures  also  in  political  satire.  Samuel  Parr,  the  Whig  Dr.  Johnson,  was 
caricatured  by  Sayers  for  his  famous  Preface  to  Bellendenus  (No.  7185). 
The  rage  for  Werther  was  the  subject  of  a  set  of  prints  by  Rowlandson 
after  CoUings,  only  one  of  which  (No.  7055)  is  in  the  Museum. 

Prints  on  the  theatre  are  numerous  and  interesting.  Werter,  a  Tragedy 
for  Masters  and  Misses ^  is  an  amusing  satire  on  Reynolds's  play;  though 
non-political  it  is  in  the  spirit  of  The  Rovers  in  the  Anti-Jacobin.  The 
taste  that  prefers  the  Dancing  Dogs,  the  Learned  Pig,  and  Harlequin  to 
Shakespeare  (a  recurrent  theme,  cf.  No.  5063,  &c.)  is  satirized  in  The 
Downfall  of  Taste  and  Genius  (No.  6715).  The  Pit  Door  (No.  6769),  on  the 
other  hand,  is  a  realistic  rendering  of  the  crowd  storming  Drury  Lane  to 
see  Mrs.  Siddons  in  a  famous  part.  The  success  of  Mrs.  Siddons  is  the 
subject  of  No.  6776  and  of  Gillray's  Melpomene  (No.  6712),  where  she  is 
unjustly  accused  of  the  deadly  sin  of  parsimony.  The  way  in  which 
Mrs.  Jordan  charmed  the  town  in  The  Romp  is  seen  in  No.  6875.  Many 
actors  and  actresses  are  caricatured,  the  favourite  subjects  being  Mrs. 
Siddons,  Holman,  and  (for  other  than  professional  reasons)  Mrs.  Jordan, 
Miss  Farren,  and  Mrs.  Wells.  Episodes  in  the  history  of  the  theatre  are 
illustrated :  the  defeat  of  Palmer's  attempt  to  invade  the  monopoly  of  the 
two  patent  theatres  is  the  subject  of  No.  7214  by  Gillray.   The  demolition 

xxvi 


INTRODUCTION 

of  Drury  Lane  and  the  temporary  transference  of  the  company  to  the  new 
Opera  House  (which  nearly  provoked  O.P.  riots)  is  satirized  in  Nos.  8009, 
801 1.  A  more  important  theatrical  crisis  in  the  same  year  was  the  rivalry 
between  a  licensed  opera  with  Court  patronage  and  an  unlicensed  opera 
house  supported  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  Opposition  (No.  8010). 

There  are  some  interesting  views  of  theatre  interiors :  Covent  Garden 
(No.  7063),  the  Pantheon  (No.  8008),  both  by  Rowlandson,  as  are  two 
characteristic  prints  of  Box  Lobby  humours  (Nos.  7064,  8254).  A  political 
print  by  Sayers  shows  the  arrangement  of  curtain  and  footlights  at  Drury 
Lane.  A  Country  Theatre  after  Pyne  (No.  7812)  gives  a  comic  but  realistic 
view  of  stage  and  audience  and  of  the  construction  of  the  building,  a 
glorified  barn.  Ballet  is  represented  by  a  performance  of  Amphion  and 
Thalia  (No.  8008),  by  the  impersonation  of  a  ballerina  by  Delpini  (No. 
6873),  and  by  a  caricature  of  La  Guimard  in  her  last  London  season 
(No.  7589).  In  No.  8007  Vestris  and  others,  engaged  for  the  (unlicensed) 
opera  in  1791,  solicit  alms. 

The  rage  for  amateur  theatricals  gave  rise  to  a  number  of  prints  in 
which  the  fat  Mrs.  Hobart  is  a  leading  figure.  In  April  1784  she  made 
her  debut  in  caricature  in  political  prints.  In  the  same  month  she  figures 
in  a  too-youthful  part  in  (apparently)  a  dramatized  version  of  Fanny 
Burney's  Cecilia.  A  play  at  the  Duke  of  Richmond's  theatre  with  Mrs. 
Hobart  and  Lord  Derby  in  parts  for  which  they  were  unsuited  was  a  social 
sensation  of  1787  (No.  7315).  In  No.  7301  Lord  Derby  is  being  coached 
by  Miss  Farren. 

Among  the  prints  on  music  is  a  well-known  caricature  of  Mme  Mara 
singing  at  a  concert  (No.  7167).  She  is  satirized  (with  politicians  and  other 
musicians)  in  Gillray's  Ancient  Music  (No.  7163),  a  fantasy  based  on  Wol- 
cot's  Ode  upon  Ode.  In  Sayers's  Charmers  of  the  Age  (No.  7056)  Mara 
and  Rubinelli  sing  together.  Rowlandson 's  famous  Vauxhall  shows  the 
orchestra  with  Mrs.  Billington  singing.  There  are  caricatures  by  Nixon  of 
Tenducci,  Dr.  Arne,  and  Abel  (Nos.  8268,  8240,  8264). 

The  outstanding  satire  on  art  and  artists  is  Gillray's  attack  on  the 
Shakespeare  Gallery  (No.  7584),  the  first  of  a  series  of  bitter  gibes  at 
Boydell.  Here  the  exclusion  of  engravers  from  the  Academy  seems  to 
account  for  part  of  the  rancour.  The  main  interest  of  the  print  lies  in 
the  brilliant  travesties  of  the  work  of  the  history  painters  exhibited  in  the 
Shakespeare  Gallery.  Figures  from  four  pictures  by  Fuseli,  two  by 
Northcote,  and  from  single  pictures  by  Reynolds,  West,  Opie,  and  Boydell 
are  solidly  planted  on  smoke  rising  from  Boy  dell's  *  Sacrifice'.  The  works 
of  Fuseli  lent  themselves  to  such  exercises  in  travesty,  and  he  was  again 
victimized  by  Gillray  in  Wierd-sisters  (No.  7937),  another  Shakespearean 
subject.  Rowlandson  amusingly  burlesqued  Fuseli 's  Nightmare  in  a 
political  print  (No.  6543).  Two  anonymous  travesties  of  portraits  of 
Cosway  and  his  wife,  both  by  Cosway,  are  in  a  different  category,  since 
they  are  caricatures  of  their  subjects,  and  ridicule  the  vanity  which  led 
Cosway  to  depict  himself  as  a  magnificent  Rubens  cavalier,  while  Mrs. 
Cosway  was  also  represented  as  a  figure  from  a  picture  by  Rubens 
(Nos.  7019,  7020).  These  satires  are  unkind,  but  Cosway  is  said  to  have 
commissioned  the  ungentlemanly  caricature  of  Manini  (No.  5770).  Artists 
at  work  are  depicted  in  a  manner  between  satire  and  genre  by  Rowlandson 
in  two  studio  interiors  (Nos.  6724,  6862),  and  a  sign  painter's  workshop 
where  a  young  painter  is  engaged  on  work  beneath  his  dignity  (No.  7770). 
Comedy  and  realism  are  combined  in  his  Dutch  Academy  (No.  8195). 

xxvii 


INTRODUCTION 

Sculpture  is  represented  by  Locatelli  (probably)  and  Mrs.  Darner,  while 
in  the  (political)  satires  on  the  bust  of  Fox  commissioned  by  the  Tsarina 
the  bust  is  remarkably  like  that  by  Nollekens,  of  which  so  many  replicas 
were  made  for  Fox's  admirers,  and  which  is  shown  in  Nollekens 's  portrait 
in  the  National  Portrait  Gallery.  As  before,  the  architect  best  known  to 
the  caricaturist  is  Sir  WiUiam  Chambers.  The  connoisseur  and  the 
antiquarian  remain  favourite  subjects:  two  realistic  prints  just  touched 
by  comedy  are  Rowlandson's  Print  Sale  (No.  7746)  and  Copper  Plate 
Printers  at  work  (No.  6859). 

As  in  Volume  V,  there  are  more  prints  on  Cambridge  than  on  Oxford 
(here  represented  only  by  No.  7742).  Cambridge  prints  include  an 
elaborate  interior  intended  for  the  drawing-room  in  the  Master's  Lodge 
at  Jesus  College,  which  is  an  undeserved  gibe  at  the  Master,  Dr.  Beadon. 
A  decree  against  tavern  dinners  is  the  subject  of  two  prints  (Nos.  7016, 
7017).  There  are  two  satires  on  Anglo-Indian  life,  both  by  Gillray,  one  is 
an  exercise  in  fantasy  and  calumny ;  the  other,  closely  following  the  design 
of  an  amateur,  is  a  realistic  representation,  filled  with  portraits,  of  the 
weekly  levee  held  by  Cornwallis.  It  makes  an  excellent  illustration  to  the 
Memoirs  of  Hickey. 

Among  the  fashions  of  the  moment  the  craze  for  balloons  takes  the  first 
place.  In  England,  as  in  France,  they  were  ridiculed  as  fleeting  follies;  in 
fact,  they  stood  for  all  that  was  ephemeral  and  visionary,  a  veritable  mania. 
In  graphic  satire,  indeed,  they  were  a  passing  fashion  and  (temporarily) 
disappear  after  1785.  The  balloon  inevitably  suggested  the  bubble,  symbol 
of  all  that  was  fraudulent  and  fleeting.  Paul  Sandby  is  par  excellence  the 
artist  of  the  balloon.  In  his  early  political  caricatures  he  had  specialized 
in  the  theme  of  flight:  on  a  broomstick,  or  on  a  bubble,  or  by  means  of 
bellows  worked  by  the  Devil.  It  is  therefore  in  the  tradition  that  early 
balloon  prints,  when  political,  should  be  associated  with  the  Devil,  while 
recent  scientific  discovery  had  connected  them  with  'inflammable  air'. 
In  No.  6486  George  III  is  supported  by  bubble-balloons  in  the  manner 
of  the  boat  depicted  in  Sturm's  Collegium  Experimentale  of  1701 .  The  non- 
political  balloon  prints  described  in  this  volume  combine  symbolism  with 
reahsm.  In  prints  by  Sandby  of  actual  happenings  the  balloon  is  in  the 
form  of  a  head  wearing  a  fool's  cap,  as  in  No.  6701,  whose  title  connects 
it  with  Bishop  Godwin's  Man  in  the  Moone.  Something  of  the  popular 
suspicion  attaching  to  what  was  a  fashionable  craze  was  due  to  the  fact 
that  leading  practitioners  were  foreign,  and  the  successes  of  Lunardi  and 
Blanchard  were  set  off^  by  the  fiasco  of  Moret. 

Another  fashionable  mania  was  that  for  pugilism.  The  famous  fight  of 
Humphries  and  Mendoza  is  the  subject  of  a  fantastic  design  by  Ramberg 
(No.  7425).  Other  sporting  subjects  are  realistic  prints  of  York  Races  by 
Mason  together  with  a  street  scene  in  York,  showing  a  tangle  of  vehicles 
and  race-horses  (Nos.  8243,  8255,  8256).  The  faro  bank,  that  profitable 
undertaking  which  in  1782  had  been  particularly  the  resource  of  Fox  and 
his  friends,  had  become  by  1792  the  peculiar  field  on  a  business  footing 
of  a  group  of  women  of  fashion  connected  with  Carlton  House — so  much 
so  that  the  Prince  of  Wales  was  accused  of  sharing  in  their  profits  (No. 
8075):  . 

Striking  changes  in  costume  took  place  during  this  period.  The  fashion 
for  pouter  pigeon  busts,  and  inflated  ^derrieres\  together  with  small  waists 
and  gigantic  hats  and  muffs,  began  in  1786  and  continued  to  occupy  the 
caricaturists  during  1787.  Some  of  the  prints  suggest  that  the  fashion  may 

xxviii 


INTRODUCTION 

have  owed  something  to  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  These  fashions  were  conspi- 
cuously without  the  stiffness  which  had  characterized  earHer  inflations, 
e.g.  the  cork  rump  of  1776.  Their  extravagances  were  long  remembered 
(No.  6874).  The  large  feathered  hat,  which  we  now  associate  with  Gains- 
borough and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  was  regarded  as  an  echo  of  Rubens.  ^ 

In  men's  dress  the  high-coat  collar  and  sparrow-tail  coat  appear  as  early 
as  1784  (No.  6718)  and  were  at  first  associated  with  Major  Topham 
(No.  6854).  Tight-fitting  breeches  (No.  6723)  gradually  become  longer 
and  longer,  and  by  1790  were  buttoned  or  tied  below  the  calf  (No.  7794), 
thus  developing  into  the  pantaloon.  The  high-crowned  hat  appears  in 
1790,  and  in  1791  another  phase  of  pre-occupation  with  fashions  of  both 
men  and  women  begins.  Men  wore  cropped  hair  (also  sometimes  worn  by 
women),  short,  double-breasted  waistcoats  with  high  multiple  collars, 
tail  coats  with  wide  revers  and  pantaloons.  Exaggerated  forms  of  this 
dress  were  worn  by  the  bucks  and  bloods,  who  carried  bludgeons  or  canes, 
wore  tall  hats  on  the  side  of  the  head  and  enormous  spurs  on  very  short 
boots  (No.  8040,  &c.).  These  bucks  were  called  'crops'  from  their  short 
hair,  but  this  was  then,  unlike  that  of  the  later  'croppies'  of  Ireland  and 
'crappies'  of  Scotland,  without  political  significance  and  seems  to  have 
anticipated  the  modes  that  in  France  were  associated  with  Jacobinism  and 
the  guillotine.  The  Prince  of  Wales  is  never  depicted  in  any  approach  to 
these  extravagant  fashions.  The  'crops'  par  excellence  were  Lord  Barry- 
more  and  his  brothers  and  on  the  stage  Goldfinch  in  Holcroft's  Road  to 
Ruin  (No.  8083). 

The  stock  subjects  of  caricature  noticed  in  Volume  V  persist  with  some 
change  of  emphasis  which  corresponds  to  changing  manners.  They  are 
to  be  found  in  the  social  caricatures  published  by  Bowles  and  in  the 
'Drolls'  published  by  Sayer.  The  'cit',  especially  the  cockney  sportsman, 
continued  to  be  popular,  both  in  the  hands  of  Bunbury  and  in  the  more 
plebeian  prints.  John  Gilpin  became  almost  at  once  a  favourite  subject, 
the  *cit'  on  horseback  was  irresistible  and  Henderson's  reading  of  the 
poem  made  it  widely  popular  (No.  6886).  The  theme  of  bad  horsemanship 
was  one  which  Bunbury  (equerry  to  the  Duke  of  York)  had  already  made 
his  own.  He  elaborated  it  in  his  Gambado  prints  (No.  7321).  There  are  some 
interesting  personalities  in  the  prints  on  quacks,  who  include  Cagliostro 
and  de  Loutherbourg.  A  political  print  (No.  7514)  shows  Dominicetti 
stoking  his  furnaces  in  his  bathing  establishment  in  Cheyne  Walk. 

As  before,  the  problems  of  poverty  are  scarcely  touched  on.  Enclosures 
and  high  food  prices  are  a  subject  of  No.  6993,  which  is  more  directly 
concerned  with  guzzling  aldermen.  The  neglect  of  the  poor  by  parish 
officers  is  the  subject  of  No.  5877.  The  attitude  to  the  burning  of  the 
Albion  Mills  (No.  8020)  is  that  of  the  poorer  classes,  who  believed  that 
the  mills  used  adulterated  flour  and  raised  the  price  of  bread.  Some  indica- 
tion of  the  state  of  poverty  and  rags  then  accepted  as  normal  is  incidentally 
given  in  Rowlandson's  print  of  London  cinder-sifters  (No.  7444)  and  in 
No.  7733,  where  a  bill-sticker  is  realistically  depicted.  A  strong  radical 
or  democratic  feeling  in  Gillray  seems  to  find  expression  in  his  persistent 
satires  on  elderly  women  of  fashion.  His  fierce  attack  on  Lonsdale  for 
his  treatment  of  tenants  and  colliers  in  Whitehaven  in  two  notable  prints 
(Nos.  8155,  8156)  was  courageous  in  view  of  the  proceedings  then  pending 
against  Wolcot.  One  contains  the  only  allusion  (an  indirect  one)  to  the 
Game  Laws. 

^  Cf.  George  Forster,  op.  cit.,  p.  52. 
xxix 


introduction 

Artists. 

The  supremacy  of  Gillray  and  Rowlandson  in  the  period  of  this  volume 
does  not  depend  only  on  their  own  work  but  on  their  influence  on  other 
artists.  After  the  two  masters,  the  most  noteworthy  caricaturists  and 
satirical  artists  are  Sayers,  Boyne,  Bunbury,  Robert  Dighton,  Isaac  Cruik- 
shank,  Kay,  CoUings,  Newton,  Nixon,  Woodward,  F.  G.  Byron,  Ramberg, 
Dent,  and  Wigstead,  who  may  or  may  not  be  an  artist  here  styled  *H.W.\ 
who  might  also  have  been  called  Amico  di  Rowlandson.  There  are  also 
artists  who  occasionally  did  caricatures,  though  they  are  chiefly  known 
for  their  other  work.  Of  these  the  most  important  is  Paul  Sandby,  whose 
latest  caricatures  belong  to  the  year  1784.  Henry  Kingsbury,  known  as  a 
mezzotint  engraver,  was  also  a  caricaturist  and  one  whose  work  is  difficult 
to  identify :  he  appears  to  have  been  imitative  and  eclectic.  The  manner 
of  Joshua  Baldrey  (if  the  attributions  here  made  are  correct)  is  more 
distinctive.  There  are  two  interesting  plates  after  Pyne  ('Ephraim  Hard- 
castle'),  one  of  which  was  afterwards  copied  and  improved  by  Rowlandson. 
Though  Blake's  name  appears  in  the  index  it  is  merely  as  the  impersonal 
engraver  of  the  work  of  Collings. 

The  question  of  attributions  is  necessarily  diflficult  since  mystification 
and  imitation  were  rife;  the  work  of  the  draughtsman  was  sometimes 
transformed  by  the  engraver,  and  one  artist  may  have  worked  on  the  plate 
of  another.  And  though  many  of  the  attributions  are  conjectural  they 
have  been  made  with  reserve:  the  probable  insensibly  merges  into  the 
hypothetical  and  it  is  believed  that  plates  not  so  attributed  are  in  fact  the 
work  of  (e.g.)  *H.W'.,  Kingsbury,  and  Isaac  Cruikshank.  Other  mezzotints 
than  those  so  attributed  may  be  by  Dighton,  for  though  his  manner  is 
distinctive  it  may  have  been  obscured  by  the  opaque  water-colour  on  the 
Print  Room  impressions. 

When  Gillray  uses  Sayers 's  signature  (see  No.  7146)  it  cannot  be  with 
intent  to  deceive:  even  the  initials  have  a  bold  curve  that  distinguishes 
them  from  the  authentic  *J-S.',  while  the  faint  echo  of  Sayers 's  manner 
in  no  way  obscures  his  own  more  powerful  hand.  The  signature  (once 
used  by  Rowlandson  but  without  attempt  at  imitation)  is  used  only  on 
plates  parodying  those  of  Sayers,  in  attacks  on  Pitt,  whose  henchman 
Sayers  was,  and  on  a  scurrilously  salacious  print,  utterly  unlike  the  work 
of  Sayers.  There  are  in  this  volume  prints  attributed  by  some  collectors 
to  Gillray,  and  which  may  be  his,  on  the  assumption  that  he  was  adopting 
a  childish  incompetence  (Nos.  7963,  7968,  7969,  7970,  7977).  Returning 
from  Brooks's  (No.  6528)  is  among  the  prints  published  in  1830  from  plates 
by  Gillray  formerly  in  the  possession  of  Miss  Humphrey:  despite  the 
incorrect  drawing  there  is  something  in  manner  and  script  not  inconsistent 
with  his  work,  while  the  motive  for  concealment  is  obvious.  Stronger 
documentary  evidence  would  be  needed  to  authenticate  other  plates 
attributed  to  Gillray,  e.g.  Prince  Pitt  (No.  7389) ;  if  the  attribution  should 
be  correct  other  plates  by  the  same  hand  would  be  added  to  the  Gillray 
canon. 

Other  plates  attributed  to  Gillray  may,  with  some  confidence,  be  assigned 
to  other  artists.  Hudibrass  and  his  'Squire  (No.  6361)  belongs  to  a  set  of 
prints  by  an  artist  who  sometimes  uses  the  pseudonym  *Annibal  Scratch' 
and  who  in  the  early  months  of  1784  seems  to  adopt  two  manners, 
significantly  apportioned  to  Pittite  and  Foxite  prints.  In  the  former  he 
is  precise,  the  inscriptions  are  in  printed  characters,  in  the  other  he  is 
sketchy  and  the  script  is  cursive.   Both  suggest  the  hand  of  Collings,  and 

XXX 


INTRODUCTION 

both  manners  blend  in  No.  6614,  where  concealment  is  abandoned  and 
the  signature  S.C.  is  used.^  A  set  of  prints  on  the  marriage  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales  (No.  6924,  &c.)  is  also  attributed  to  Gillray  by  Grego  on  the 
theory  that  *he  disguised  his  style  to  accommodate  a  rival  of  his  publisher*. 
Their  authorship  is  an  interesting  problem  since  they  are  by  one  or  more 
competent  caricaturists  whose  work  in  this  volume  is  traceable  only  in 
1786  and  1787.  Angelo's  attribution  of  The  Marriage  of  Figaro  (No.  6924) 
to  Wicksteed,  *a  celebrated  seal-engraver*,  is  supported  by  a  resemblance 
to  the  only  print  in  the  volume  published  by  Wicksteed.  Angelo  is  not 
unerring  and  he  attributes  the  same  print  under  its  alternative  title  of 
The  Marriage  of  a  Day  to  Austin,  who  seems  ruled  out  both  by  his  distinc- 
tive manner  and  by  his  personal  devotion  to  Fox  (No.  6604).  Another 
artist  who  might  be  considered  for  Nos.  6469  and  6954  is  the  W.M. 
(Mansell)  of  No.  6931.  Nos.  6990  and  6992,  clearly  by  Boyne,  are  at- 
tributed to  Gillray  by  Grego. 

Another  set  of  prints,  one  signed  J.B.,  is  attributed  by  E.  Hawkins  to 
Boyne.  They  are  unlike  his  work,  one  is  published  by  Joshua  Baldrey, 
others  from  Baldrey 's  address,  and  they  are  by  no  means  inconsistent 
with  Baldrey 's  work,  including  a  signed  caricature  of  1780,  which,  though 
less  assured,  might  well  be  by  the  same  hand  at  a  later  date. 

The  relations  of  Wigstead  and  Rowlandson  involve  other  problems. 
In  etchings  in  the  Print  Room  Wigstead  appears  as  an  artist  of  some 
competence,  basing  himself  on  Rowlandson.  He  also  furnished  Rowlandson 
with  ideas  and  sketches.  There  is,  however,  an  etching  of  John  Gilpin 
(No.  8251),  which,  like  No.  6722,  would,  except  for  Wigstead's  signature, 
be  attributed  to  Rowlandson.  Wigstead's  contemporary  status  as  an  artist 
seems  to  have  been  superior  to  that  of  Rowlandson.  The  Morning  Post 
in  1789  admires  a  print  (No.  7842)  etched  by  Rowlandson,  signed  *H.W. 
inv*^',  but  regrets  that  'the  respectable  talents  of  Wigstead  should  condescend 
to  current  topics'  like  'the  common  order  of  caricaturists'.  This  would 
seem  prima  facie  a  mere  tribute  to  Wigstead's  status  as  an  amateur  and 
a  man  of  some  social  position  as  compared  with  Rowlandson  who  worked 
for  the  printsellers.  The  tone  of  Wigstead's  obituary  notice  in  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine  (cited  by  Grego)  supports  the  supposition.  It  is 
therefore  surprising  to  find  two  trade  cards  for  Wigstead,  one  as  'Painter*, 
the  other  as  'Painter  &c.'  of  Gerrard  Street,  Soho.  One  is  dated  by  Miss 
Banks  1785,  the  other  1788. 

This  problem  merges  into  another,  the  authorship  of  a  number  of 
etchings,  apparently  by  the  same  artist,  all  with  the  same  script  and  all 
published  by  Holland,  who  sometimes,  perhaps  always,  though  his 
own  manner  is  distinctive,  etches  the  work  of  other  draughtsmen.  Some 
of  these  have  been  attributed  to  Rowlandson,  one  is  signed  H.W.,  which 
naturally  suggests  Wigstead,  a  by  no  means  unlikely  attribution  judging 
from  a  comparison  with  etchings  by  him.  The  manner,  however,  has  more 
similarity  with  that  of  No.  7632,  'Etch'd  William  Holland'.  The  artists 
whose  work  'H.W.'  has  etched  appear  to  include  Nixon  (No.  7646), 
Newton  (Nos.  7881,  7924),  Woodward  (Nos.  7987,  7988),  possibly  Byron 
(No.  7991,  &c.).  One  of  these  'H.W.'  prints  is  attributed  by  E.  Hawkins 

^  All  are  published  by  Wells  except  perhaps  one  published  for  John  Cook. 
John  Cooke  etched  Monmouth  Street  after  Collings  in  1789  (Westminster  Public 
Library).  This  plate  and  Principles  of  Politeness,  published  by  Fores,  16  Nov.  1790 
(Victoria  and  Albert  Museum),  support  the  attribution.  The  Pittite  prints  are 
Nos.  6361,  6386,  6419,  6493,  6549;  the  Foxite  prints  Nos.  6417,  6425,  6427,  6438, 
6445,  6491.    Nos.  6631  and  6632  are  in  the  manner  of  No.  6614,  and  signed  'S.C 

xxxi 


INTRODUCTION 

to  *West'.  Temple  West  is  an  obscure  caricaturist  whose  work  does  not 
appear  to  be  known  before  1803.' 

If  attributions  in  this  volume  are  correct  the  work  of  Isaac  Cruikshank 
as  a  political  caricaturist  dates  from  early  in  1784,  perhaps  the  year  in 
which  he  came  to  London,  since  to  this  year  belong  also  small  etchings 
of  Edinburgh  characters  similar  in  subject,  scale,  and  design,  though  not 
in  manner,  to  those  of  Kay.  In  any  case  he  was  an  established  caricaturist 
some  years  before  1794,  the  date  given  in  Thieme  Becker.  Isaac  Cruik- 
shank adopted  different  manners  and  was  sometimes  an  imitator  of  Gillray ; 
he  spells  his  name  in  almost  as  many  ways  as  Shakespeare,  and  though  he 
often  uses  the  signature  *I.C.*  the  initials  are  sometimes  in  block  capitals, 
sometimes  cursive  and  undistinguishable  from  *J-C.*  or  T.C.'^ 

Kay's  work  also  begins  in  1784.  Nearly  all  his  portraits  have  an  element 
of  caricature :  to  have  included  them  would  have  overweighted  the  Cata- 
logue, and  those  only  are  described  which  are  humorous  or  satirical  in 
manner  or  intention.  They  are  listed  in  the  B.M.  Catalogue  of  Engraved 
Portraits.  He  produced  a  few  political  satires ;  a  very  early  example  of  his 
work  and  a  rare  plate ,3  The  Fox  Chace  .  .  .  (No.  6418),  is  on  the  political 
crisis  of  1784,  doubly  exceptional  in  that  it  is  not  a  Scottish  subject. 

The  Hanoverian  Ramberg  is  represented  by  some  interesting  plates. 
They  are  in  the  grand  manner  burlesqued,  reminiscent  of  Mortimer,  and 
characteristic  of  the  pupil  of  Benjamin  West.  Ramberg  was  in  England 
from  178 1  to  1788  as  a  protege  of  George  III  and  was  an  Academy 
student.'^ 

Robert  Dighton  is  chiefly  represented  in  this  volume  by  the  work  which 
he  did  for  Bowles's  series  of  humorous  mezzotints.  These  were  engraved 
from  his  finished  water-colours  of  approximately  the  same  size  as  the 
print.  A  charming  water-colour  of  the  Westminster  Election  of  1788  has 
been  described  from  a  photograph  presented  to  the  Department.  A  great 
caricaturist  was  perhaps  lost  by  the  early  death  of  Richard  Newton.  His 
work  is  often,  though  not  always,  marred  by  poor  drawing,  but  it  shows 
great  gifts  for  bold  design  and  the  grotesque.  He  was  original  and 
versatile,  with  a  turn  for  portraiture,  and  though  his  humour  is  often 
crude  as  well  as  rollicking  this  is  natural  in  a  boy. 

Though  Dent  is  of  no  account  as  an  artist  he  deserves  attention  as  a 
caricaturist,  especially  for  his  later  plates.  His  pungency  of  political  and 
personal  allusion  and  a  gift  for  portraiture  (his  figures,  however  small  or 
burlesqued,  are  generally  unmistakable)  explain  the  contemporary  admira- 
tion for  his  work  which  Angelo  records. ^  His  Westminster  Election  prints 
of  1784  are  indefensible^  in  subject  and  treatment,  but  he  gained  in  facility 
as  he  learned  to  exploit  his  own  shortcomings  and  to  adapt  his  etchings 
to  colour.  Some  of  his  plates  (notably  No.  751 1)  reach  a  higher  level  than 
would  seem  possible  from  his  earlier  work.  Sayers'  also  has  little  merit 
as  an  artist,  but  much  as  a  caricaturist.   He  has  had  something  less  than 

^  Broadley,  Napoleon  in  Caricature,  i.  46. 

^  He  even  uses  both  types  of  initial  on  the  same  plate,  see  General  Fast,  published 
by  Fores,  4  May  1796. 

3  It  is  not  included  in  a  Print  Room  Collection  of  Kay's  etchings  or  in  the 
Edinburgh  reprint,  both  of  which  are  claimed  to  be  complete  (the  former  up  to 
1813). 

'^  Thieme  Becker. 

5  Reminiscences,  1904,  p.  334. 

^  See  above,  p.  xvii,  n.  i. 

7  The  name  is  so  spelt  in  the  D.N.B.^  but  see  No.  7628. 

xxxii 


INTRODUCTION 

justice  because  his  most  famous  prints  (of  1783-4)  are  also  among  his 
worst.  By  the  use  of  soft  ground  etching  or  aquatint  he  improved  upon 
his  original  feeble  and  scratchy  technique.^  He  is  the  only  satirist  in  this 
volume  in  whom  consistent  political  views  can  be  discovered.  These  are 
support  of  Pitt,  support  of  Hastings,  hatred  of  dissent  and  Jacobinism, 
and  his  political  prints  appear  only  in  response  to  the  political  situation. 

As  in  Volume  V  amateurs  are  well  represented.  Bunbury  had  the  first 
place  in  contemporary  reputation,  and  he  is  here  represented  by  his  most 
famous  prints,  which  did  in  fact  introduce  a  new  form.^  Frederick  George 
Byron,  who  died  at  the  age  of  twenty-eight  in  1792,  is  of  the  school  of 
Bunbury,  with  perhaps  greater  talent.  His  view  of  Lunardi's  balloon  in 
the  Pantheon  (1784)  is  beautifully  drawn,  he  also  became  a  competent 
etcher.  A  set  of  aquatints  published  in  1802  gives  a  charming  impression 
of  the  humours  of  travel  in  France  in  1790  (Nos.  8271-5).  He  appears  to 
have  worked  professionally  for  Holland  and  scarcely  ranks  as  an  amateur.^ 
James  Hook,  brother  of  Theodore,  was  an  amateur  caricaturist  of  great 
promise.  Caricatures  in  1787  and  1788,  when  he  was  a  Westminster 
schoolboy,  have  surprisingly  little  of  the  amateur.  According  to  Angelo 
his  sketches  and  caricatures  induced  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  to  recommend 
that  he  should  be  educated  as  an  artist."^  Three  interesting  sporting  sub- 
jects are  after  paintings  by  Mason,  the  friend  of  Gray  and  Horace  Walpole. 
They  are  strange  productions  for  a  Canon  of  York,  actively  engaged  in 
politics  and  reputed  to  be  aiming  at  a  bishopric  (see  No.  6485).  There  is 
little  of  the  amateur  about  them  except  a  close  imitation  of  Rowlandson 
which  in  No.  8243  suggests  the  actual  copying  of  figures.  According  to 
Angelo,  James  Douglas  caricatured  Gibbon  (No.  7418). 

The  work  of  the  occasional  amateur  is  less  frequent  than  in  Volume  V, 
when  Darly  specialized  in  publishing  plates  after  'Ladies,  Gentlemen, 
and  the  most  Humourous  Artists.'  Gillray  etched  plates  after  Georgiana 
Keate,  Mr.  Battye,  and  S.  L.  Egerton,  Bretherton  after  Miss  Fanshawe 
(better  known  for  her  verses).  Miss  V.  Aynscombe  did  satires  on  costume, 
as  did  Mercer,  said  to  be  a  military  officer.  One  *R.R.',  identified  by 
Angelo  as  Rushworth,  a  Counsellor,  was  an  amateur  of  some  note.  Many 
plates  were  doubtless  based  on  'hints'  or  sketches  by  amateurs,  often 
anonymous.  Several  of  such  sketches,  elaborated  and  etched  by  Rowland- 
son,  are  in  the  Print  Room  (Nos.  6365,  6476,  6525,  6561).  Their  general 
character  is  to  stress  the  text  which  is  literally  transcribed  by  the  artist. 
It  seems  probable  that  elaborate  political  prints  by  Rowlandson  were 
generally  based  on  the  sketch  or  instructions  of  some  one  more  interested 
in  politics. 

Printsellers  and  Publishers. 

In  this  volume  Fores,  Holland,  and  Hannah  Humphrey  take  the  first 
place  as  sellers  of  satirical  prints.  Fores,  whose  imprint  first  appears  in 
January  1784,  comes  at  once  to  the  front.  Holland,  established  by  1782, 

*  There  is  in  the  Print  Room  a  charming  brush  drawing  in  sepia  and  gouache 
by  Sayers  of  musicians,  called  *A  Rehearsal*. 

*  See  above,  p.  xii. 

3  He  was  not,  as  is  said  in  Thieme  Becker,  a  nephew  of  the  poet  but  a  grandson 
of  the  fourth  Lord  Byron  and  a  first  cousin  of  the  poet's  father  (Collins,  Peerage^ 
I779>  vii.  138),  As  the  youngest  son  of  a  younger  son  he  may  well  have  worked 
professionally  for  Holland,  as  he  seems  to  have  done.  Angelo  calls  him  a  lieutenant 
in  the  Navy.  Reminiscences,  1904,  i.  330. 

*  Op.  cit.  i.  324-5.  Hook's  name  is  not  mentioned,  but  his  identity  is  clear. 

xxxiii  c 


INTRODUCTION 

seems  to  have  made  his  way  more  slowly,  but  he  published  books  as  well 
as  prints  and  by  1786  was  the  publisher  of  important  prints  by  Gillray. 
Miss  Humphrey,  though  her  imprint  appeared  in  1774,  was  at  first 
associated  with  (?her  brother)  William;  her  business  increased  as  he 
gave  up  print-selling,  but  she  does  not  appear  to  have  rivalled  Fores  and 
Holland  until  her  association  with  Gillray.  This  did  not  become  assured 
and  exclusive  until  the  latter  part  of  1791.  Before  this,  though  she  had 
published  many  of  his  plates,  he  had  also  worked  for  Holland  (1786, 1787), 
Phillips  (1787),  Fores  (1787,  1788,  and  1791),  and  Aitken  (1789).  It  is 
significant  that  from  the  time  of  his  permanent  association  with  (or 
bondage  to)  Miss  Humphrey  his  output  became  both  steadier  and  greater. 

Humphrey  is  sometimes  mis-spelt  Humphreys  or  Humphries  in 
publication-lines,  and  the  imprint  *H.  Humphreys,  3  Bedford  Court* 
(No.  6975)  suggests  another  address  of  Hannah  Humphrey.  Doubt  is 
cast  on  this  identity  by  two  trade  cards  of  'Humphreys  Engraver',  one 
at  3 1  Villiers  Street,  the  other  with  the  address  altered  to  Bedford  Court. 
There  are  also  two  trade  cards  of  Miss  Humphrey  in  the  Print  Room: 
'Humphrey  Printseller'  one  51  New  Bond  Street,  the  other  with  the 
address  altered  to  18  Old  Bond  Street.  The  card  of  W.  Humphrey 
'Printseller  &c.',  drawn  and  engraved  by  Bartolozzi,  is  altered  from  a  card 
designed  for  a  music-seller. 

Fores  sometimes  styles  himself  'satirist'  and  in  No.  6961,  where  his 
shop  is  depicted,  seems  to  declare  himself  an  enemy  of  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  and  thus  a  Pittite.  No  such  partisanship  appears  in  the  productions 
of  the  other  printsellers  (apart  from  the  association  of  Cornell  with  Sayers), 
and  Holland  in  1784  called  himself  'Mr.  Anyside'  (p.  152).  In  1793, 
however,  he  went  to  Newgate  for  a  seditious  publication,  and  his  portrait, 
with  that  of  his  wife  and  little  girl,  appears  in  an  etching  by  Newton  of 
political  prisoners  in  Newgate. 

The  chief  feature  of  the  caricature  print-shops  during  the  period  of 
this  volume  is  the  more  or  less  permanent  exhibitions  of  Holland  and 
Fores.  Holland  opened  his  exhibition  in  1788  at  the  establishment  which 
he  sometimes  called  'Garrick's  Richard'  or  the  'Museum  of  Genius' 
(No.  7301,  &c.).  Fores  followed  his  example  in  1789  at  3  Piccadilly 
'opposite  the  Paris  Diligence  Office'.  It  was  advertised  at  some  length  in 
his  New  Guide  for  Foreigners  .  .  .  (c.  1790):  'To  the  works  of  Hogarth, 
Bunbury,  Sayre,  and  Rowlandson,  is  added  every  other  Caricature  Print, 
executed  by  other  hands  that  has  been  published  during  the  course  of 
many  years,  the  whole  forming  an  entire  Caricature  History,  political  and 
domestic,  of  past  and  present  Times.  .  .  .'  Both  advertised  drawings  as 
well  as  prints,  and  Holland  added  paintings.  Both  (as  time  went  on) 
announced  as  an  attraction  the  French  caricature  prints.  Both  charged 
a  shilling  for  admittance.  Fores  added  as  an  additional  attraction  in  1790 
and  1791  'the  head  and  hand  of  Count  Struenzee*  (see  No.  4596),  casts 
taken  in  wax  after  his  execution  by  order  of  the  King  of  Denmark.  They 
may  be  the  casts  brought  from  Paris  by  Thicknesse  and  previously  ex- 
hibited by  him  in  Bath  (see  No.  7721).  In  1793  Fores  added  a  model  of 
the  guillotine.  Aitken  announced  an  exhibition  gratis  (No.  7529),  but  the 
advertisements  soon  ceased.  The  printsellers'  exhibitions  appear  to  have 
been  discontinued  shortly  after  1792,  when  the  vogue  of  the  caricature 
was  still  in  the  ascendant. 

The  old-established  City  firms  of  Bowles  and  Robert  Sayer^  supplied 
'  See  Volume  V,  pp.  xxxvii-xxxviii. 
xxxiv 


INTRODUCTION 

a  quite  different  public  with  their  'postures*  (humorous  mezzotints)  and 
'Drolls'.  These  were  issued  in  series  at  more  or  less  regular  intervals,  and 
were  advertised  as  suitable  for  sale  by  country  booksellers.'  Bowles  also 
sold  sets  of  crude  engravings  and  cheap  popular  prints  which  verge  upon 
the  folk  print,  though  they  were  more  expensive  and  sophisticated  than 
the  chap-book.  Examples  of  these  are  Nos.  6893-8.  Sayer  reissued  in 
his  series  of  'Drolls'  prints  originally  published  by  Darley;  No.  8258  is 
an  altered  plate  of  the  Macaroni  series  with  the  costume  partially  brought 
up  to  date.  Wallis  of  Ludgate  Hill  specialized  in  broadsides  headed  by 
engravings  intended  for  a  similar  public,  which  was  also  that  of  Tringham. 

Many  artists  occasionally  published  their  own  prints.  Kay  of  Edinburgh 
did  so  exclusively,  Paul  Sandby  frequently.  Dent  also  appears  to  have 
employed  printsellers,  instead  of  working  for  them.  It  is  only  rarely  that 
a  plate  of  Dent  is  published  by  one  of  the  established  printsellers,  e.g.  by 
Aitken.  There  is  something  furtive  about  his  output,  especially  and 
naturally  in  1784.^  The  imprint  of  'Crookshanks'  (cf.  No.  6697)  appears 
in  1784  on  two  plates  here  attributed  to  Isaac  Cruikshank. 

Except  for  Kay's  prints  very  few  were  published  outside  London.  Allen 
of  Dublin  published  a  set  of  prints  after  Dighton  and  there  are  one  or 
two  Irish  prints  without  imprint.  Mrs.  Lay  of  Brighton  published  a  print 
by  Rowlandson;  Boulter  of  Norwich  issued  a  crude  local  print. 

'  Laurie  and  Whittle,  Catalogue  of  Prints,  1795. 
^  See  above,  p.  xvii,  n.  i. 

M.  DOROTHY  GEORGE. 


XXXV 


CORRIGENDA  ETC.  TO  VOLUME  V 

p.  X,  1.  10.  For  'Vol.  vii',  read  'V^*  deeF. 

p.  XXX,  1.  10.  For  'The  plates  and  text  were  used*,  read  *The  plates  were 

copied  and  the  text  reprinted*, 
p.  xxxvi,  1.  34.  For  ^Brookes's'  read  *Brooks*s\ 
4958  By  Moreau  le  jeune.  Reproduced,  Gazette  des  Beaux  Arts,  1910  (ii), 

p.  113. 
5017  The  Madras  Tyrant  is  probably  Josias  du  Pre,  Governor  of  Madras 

1770-3.  Note  on  impression  in  the  India  Office  Library. 
5020  The  Farmer-Macaroni  is  identified  by  H.  Breun  as  'Beard*. 

5024  The  S^  James's  Macaroni  is  identified  by  H.  Breun  as  F.  Walsh. 

5025  The  Newmarket  Macaroni  is  identified  by  H.  Breun  as  *Cox*. 

5026  The  Piccadilly  Macaroni  is  identified  by  H.  Breun  as  Deard  (a 
famous  toyman,  whose  shop  was  a  fashionable  lounge). 

5034  The  Woolwich  Macaroni  is  identified  by  H.  Breun  as  'Captain  Cox 

of  Train  of  Artillery*. 
5187  p.  144, 1.  27.   For  173 1  ?-8o,  read  173 1  P-iSoq. 
5217  The  three  musicians  are  Abel,  Pinto  (playing  the  French  horn),  and 

Fischer  the  oboist.  J.  H.  Mee,  The  Oldest  Music  Room  in  Europe ,  191 1, 

p.  20  (reproduction). 
5217  A  A  smaller  version  signed  'H  W  Bunbury  del*,  more  correctly  drawn, 

and  etched  with  more  freedom,  is  in  Anderdon*s  Royal  Academy  Cata- 

logueSf  iii,  No.  69.  (4|X3f  in.) 
5393  A  copy  in  line  with  the  title  Rencontre  de  M^  de  Mirabeau  et  M*"^ 

de  Villeroy  a  Aix-la-Chapelle  was  published  in  France  as  a  caricature  of 

Mirabeau-Tonneau  and  his  mistress.  De  Vinck,  No.  1959.  Reproduced, 

Grand-Carteret,  UHistoire,  la  Vie,  les  Moeurs  .  .  .,  iv.  1928.  PL  xix. 

5539  By  Gillray. 

5612  and  Introduction,  p.  xii.  The  date  of  Gillray *s  John  Bull  is  probably 
1788:  a  print  published  by  J.  Aitken,  2  March  1801,  John  Bull  at  the 
Sign,  the  Case  is  altered,  shows  the  Englishman  with  meagre  fare,  the 
Frenchman  with  roast  beef;  on  the  wall  is  a  copy  of  No.  5612  inscribed : 
A  Frenchman  in  iy88.  .  .  . 

5699  A  public  house  next  the  hustings  in  Covent  Garden  was  Proctor *s, 
the  sign  of  the  Fox.  (Election  advertisement,  1788,  B.M.  Add.  MSS. 
27837,  fo.  18.)  The  suggestion  that  an  allusion  to  Sir  W.  B.  Proctor  was 
intended  is  therefore  incorrect. 

5777  The  conjectural  identification  of  the  subject  as  Gaetano  Manini  is 
confirmed  by  a  note  by  Gulston,  the  collector,  on  another  impression: 
'Manini  very  like.* 

5804  Bunbury*s  original  drawing,  called  'Entrance  to  an  Oxford  College*, 
is  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  (Dyce  Coll.  No.  752). 

5831  Apparently  by  the  same  artist  as  No.  5937,  attributed  to  Gillray. 

5874  (Tete-a-tete).  Mr.  W.  Roberts  points  out  that  Miss  F.  is  the 
Mrs.  Ford  painted  (with  a  child)  by  Romney  for  Governor  Johnstone 

xxxvii 


CORRIGENDA  TO   VOLUME  V 

in  1778,  now  in  the  National  Gallery.   See  H.  Ward  and  W.  Roberts, 

Catalogue  Raisonni  of  the  Works  of  Rotnney^  1904,  ii.  57- 
5892,  5936,  5937  Generally  attributed  to  Gillray. 
6138  Last  paragraph.   For  591  read  541.   See  No.  6768. 
6180  There  is  a  copy  of  the  Rambler's  Magazine  in  the  British  Museum, 

see  Private  Catalogue. 
6284  Perhaps  by  S.  Collings,  possibly  in  collaboration  with  Nixon.   Nos. 

6245,  6267,  6275,  6332  are  in  a  similar  manner. 
6306  Reputed  to  be  a  portrait  of  Gaetano  Vestris.  Sometimes  attributed 

to  Gillray. 
p.  842.   Index  of  Artists.   Delete  Hook, 
p.  844.  Idem.  Wigstead  died  1800  not  1793. 


xxxviu 


CATALOGUE  OF 
POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 
1784-1792 
(Nos.  6361-8283) 


I 


*Les  caricatures  sont  le  thermometre  qui  indique  le 
degre  de  ropinion  publique.  .  .  .* 

BOYER-BRUN,  Histoire  des  Caricatures  de  la  Revolte  des 
FranpaiSy  1792,  p.  10. 

*La caricature  est  I'artde  rAngleterre,unart  inimitable, 
primesautier,  unique,  qui  a  la  fantaisie,  I'etrangete, 
le  dereglement,  la  philosophic,  le  rire,  I'eloquence,  la 
majeste  railleuse  de  Shakespeare.* 

E.  ET  J.  DE  GONCOURT,  Htstotre  de  la  Societe  frangaise 
pendant  la  Revolution^  1854,  p.  279. 


1784 

POLITICAL  SATIRES 

6361  HUDIBRASS  AND  HIS  'SQUIRE. 

[?  Collings.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Wells  N^  132  Fleet  Street  Jany  r^  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox  (1.)  and  Burke  (r.) 
sit  side  by  side  in  the  stocks  as  Hudibras  and  his  'squire  Ralpho.  One  foot 
of  each  is  imprisoned;  their  hands  are  clasped.  Burke  looks  at  Fox,  who 
sits  with  closed  eyes  and  a  dejected  expression.  Pitt  stands  (r.)  holding  a 
halberd  and  a  bunch  of  three  keys  labelled  Treasury.  All  are  in  pseudo- 
seventeenth-century  costume.  On  the  wall  behind  Fox  hangs  a  scourge 
with  two  lashes,  one  inscribed  Prerogative y  the  other  Vox  Populi,  indicating 
the  two  causes  of  the  fall  of  the  Coalition.  Behind  Burke's  head  is  a  placard : 

This  day  is  pu¥ An  Essay  on  y^  Tumblime  and  Beautifull  by  Ralph  B. 

(an  allusion  to  Burke's  essay  on  'The  Sublime  and  the  Beautiful').  In  front 
of  the  stocks  lie  two  papers  inscribed  India  Bill  and  Warrant  of . . .  Temple^ 
since  Temple  had  conveyed  to  the  Lords  the  king's  desire  for  the  defeat 
of  the  India  Bill.  A  whipping-post  attached  to  the  stocks  is  inscribed 
Otium  cum  Dignitate.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Sure  none  that  see  how  here  we  sit. 
Will  judge  us  overgrown  zvith  wit; 
For  who  without  a  cap  &  bauble 
Having  subdu'd,  a  bear  &  rabble^ 
And  might  zvith  honor  have  come  off. 
Would  put  it  to  a  second  proof: 
A  Politic  exploit  right  fit. 
For  Coalition  zeal  &  wit! 

Hudibrass. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6283,  &c.: 
Burke  takes  the  place  usually  given  to  North,  doubtless  owing  to  his 
supposed  share  in  the  India  Bill;  cf.  No.  6383.  See  also  No.  6540. 

Attributed  to  Gillray  by  Grego,  p.  53. 
8|x6Jin. 

6362  THE  GOOSE  LOST. 

[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  y.  Barrow  Janv  i  1^84  White  Lion  Bull  Stairs  Surry  Side 
Black  Friars  Bridge. 

Engraving.  Fox,  with  a  fox's  head,  stands  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding 
out  his  arms  towards  a  goose  which  is  flying  away.  He  is  saying,  Ohy  I 
fear  I  have  now  lost  the  Goose  for  ever.  On  the  ground  at  his  feet  is  a  large 
placard :  Advertisement.  Just  fled  from  the  Arms  of  M^  Reynard,  S^  James's^ 
a  Goose y  remarkable  for  laying  golden  Eggs.  Whosoever  can  return  the  Goose 
to  the  distressed  looser  shall  receive  for  their  kindness  a  large  golden  Egg. 
N.B.  She  cannot  be  found  in  the  North,  she  took  wing  direct  from  that  point. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

A  satire  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6283,  &c.  Fox's  supporters, 
especially  the  electors  of  Westminster,  were  often  depicted  as  geese ;  cf . 
No.  5843,  &c. 
8^Xi3iin. 

6363  THE  INCUBUS,  1784  [Jan.  1784]^ 

T  P  (monogram)  [^Gillray  ?] 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  Belial,  seated  in  a  depression  in  the  centre  of  a  large 
mass  resembling  a  balloon  in  process  of  deflation,  which  is  inscribed  Puhlica 
Fides.  Four  vertical  posts  marked  with  figures  seem  intended  to  measure 
the  (rapidly  decreasing)  degree  of  Publica  Fides  on  which  Fox  can  still 
count.  These  posts  are  headed  4,  jB  [?  Boreas],  Ind,  and  j  respectively. 

Fox  is  a  fat,  almost-naked  creature,  with  horns  and  talons ;  a  fox's  head 
is  tattooed  on  his  arm;  with  one  talon  he  clutches  the  post  marked  Indy 
[?  Independent],  with  the  other  and  his  foot  he  tears  at  a  paper  inscribed 
charters^  indicating  the  chartered  rights  which  his  India  Bill  was  supposed 
to  attack,  see  No.  6369. 

The  deflating  mass  rests  on  a  rock  inscribed  in  large  letters  Rock,  and 
in  italics.  Land  TaXy  CustotnSy  Excise,  Malty  Tradsy  Agriculturey  WindowSy 
Houses y  Salty  indicating  the  burden  of  taxation.  Against  it  leans  (1.)  a 
spear,  and  Britannia's  shield  inscribed  Defender  of  the  Faith.  Other 
emblematic  objects  are  a  large  cap  of  Liberty  on  a  pole  projecting  from  the 
mass  (r.),  a  large  cannon  inscribed  Defender  of  the  Faithy  3.  ship  whose 
rigging  only  is  visible  behind  the  cannon,  a  heap  of  cannon  balls  (r.),  and 
a  waning  moon  (1.). 

Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

S^  Withold  footed  thrice  the  Wold 

She  met  the  Night  Mare  &  her  nine  Foal, 

Aroynt  thee  Witch  aroynt 

To  every  Independant  Man  in  Great  Britain  this  Plate  is  dedicated. 

An  attack  on  the  Coalition:  'Defender  of  the  Faith'  implies  approval  of 
the  king's  action  against  the  India  Bill,  see  No.  6283.  Cf.  No.  6361.  For 
the  parliamentary  struggle  and  Fox's  dwindling  majority  see  No.  6373,  &c. 

All  illustration  of  the  lines :  'Belial,  .  . .  The  fleshliest  Incubus',  Paradise 
Regainedy  Bk.  II,  11.  150-2. 
7^X12  in. 

6364  THE  PIT  OF  ACHERON,  OR  THE  BIRTH  OF  THE  PLAGUES 
OF  ENGLAND.  [Jan.  1784] 

F.  N:  1784.^  [Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  interior  of  a 
witches'  cave,  three  witches  round  a  blazing  cauldron;  through  the  mouth 
of  the  cave,  and  in  the  upper  r.  corner,  appears  Westminster  Bridge, 
leading  to  the  houses  and  towers  of  Lambeth,  showing  that  the  cave  is  in 
Westminster,  evidently  the  House  of  Commons.  From  the  flames  ascend- 
ing from  the  cauldron  emerge  the  heads  of  Fox,  North,  and  Burke.  Other 
emblems  also  ascend :  a  rosary  and  cross  (indicating  the  popery  ascribed 

*  So  dated  and  attributed  by  E.  Hawkins. 

*  Perhaps  standing  for  the  coalition  of  Fox  and  North ;  cf.  No.  6367. 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

to  Burke,  cf.  No.  6026),  a  small  pig,  labels  inscribed  Deceit^  Prides  Corrupt 
par  .  .  .[liament]  (in  reverse),  Loane  Lottery. 

The  witches,  whose  three  broomsticks  (1.)  lean  against  the  side  of  the 
cave,  are  bringing  more  ingredients  to  the  pot  which  disseminates  the 
plagues  of  England:  a  hag  (r.)  stands  about  to  drop  a  paper  inscribed 
Rebellion  into  the  cauldron;  she  says.  Well  sister y  what  hast  thou goty  for  the 
ingredients  of  our  Charmd  Pot.  Another  witch  (1.),  crouching  over  a  bag 
from  which  emerge  two  men,  one  of  whom  is  a  serpent  from  the  waist 
downwards,  answers,  A  Beast  from  Scotland^  tis  calVd  an  Er — skin,  famous 
for  Duplicity  low  Art  &  Cunning — the  other  a  Monster  who'd  spurn  even  at 
Charters  Rights.  Erskine,  who  is  leaping  from  the  sack,  says,  /  am  like  a 
Proteus  can  turn  to  any  Shape  from  a  Sailor  to  a  Lawyer y  and  always  lean 
to  the  Strongest  Side.  Erskine,  first  entering  Parliament  in  1783,  see  No. 
6369  (8),  was  one  of  Fox's  martyrs.  The  serpent-man  says: 

Over  the  Water  and  over  the  Lee 
Thro  Hell  I  woud  follow  my  Char  lee. 

He  is  John  Lee  (1733-93),  Attorney- General  in  the  Coalition  and  a 
violent  party  man.  The  allusion  is  to  his  speech  calling  the  East  India 
Company's  charter  *a  mere  skin  of  parchment  to  which  was  appended  a 
seal  of  wax'.  Wraxall,  MemoirSy  1884,  iii.  182.  See  Nos.  6290,  6369,  6384. 
He  is  being  welcomed  out  of  the  sack  by  a  small  monster  of  revolting 
appearance.  The  third  witch  with  a  face  of  fury  leans  over  the  cauldron, 
which  is  supported  by  harpies  and  the  skeleton  of  a  monster  with  out- 
stretched wings.  On  the  ground,  in  front  of  the  cauldron  and  within  a 
magic  circle  indicated  on  the  extreme  r.,  lie  a  playing-card,  dice  (emblems 
of  Fox),  a  dagger,  a  headsman's  axe,  guineas,  &c. 

One  of  many  attacks  on  the  Coalition  and  the  India  Bill,  see  No.  6280,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  111-12. 

ioiXi2jin. 

6365  THE  FALL  OF  DAGON— OR  RARE  NEWS  FOR  LEADEN- 
HALL  STREET. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Published  Janv  4.  1^84  by  W.  Humphrey  22^  Strand. 

Engraving.  The  image  of  Dagon  has  fallen  from  an  overturned  rectangular 
pedestal  (r.)  whose  base  is  inscribed  Broad  Bottom.  The  image  is  a  stout 
man  with  a  double-faced,  Janus-like  head,  consisting  of  the  faces  of  North 
and  Fox,  decapitated ;  the  hands  are  severed  at  the  wrists ;  it  lies  prone,  the 
face  of  North  to  the  ground,  that  of  Fox  uppermost. 

In  the  distance  is  Tower  Hill,  with  a  scaffold  surrounded  by  tiny  figures 
representing  a  crowd.  A  figure  kneels  before  a  block,  the  headsman's  axe 
is  raised.  In  the  middle  distance  (1.)  is  the  gable  end  of  an  inn,  its  sign  that 
of  a  headsman's  axe.  A  stout  man  stands  beneath  it.  It  is  inscribed  Tower 
Hill.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

And  behold  Dagon  was  fallen  upon  his  face  to  the  ground  before  the  ark  of 
the  Lord  &  the  head  of  Dagon  and  both  the  Palms  of  his  hands  were  cutt  off 
upon  the  threshold. 

The  defeat  of  the  India  Bill  and  fall  of  the  Coalition  was  *rare  news'  for 
the  India  House  in  Leadenhall  Street,  see  No.  6271,  &c.,  6399.  Coalition 
Ministries  were  usually  designated  'Broad  Bottom'. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  original  sketch  for  this  satire,  very  feebly  drawn  by  an  amateur, 
together  with  Rowlandson's  drawing,  which  closely  follows  the  intention 
of  the  original,  are  in  the  Print  Room.  The  title  and  inscriptions  were 
written  by  the  amateur.  (201  c.  6/16.) 

Grego,  Rowlandsorif  i.  112. 

7jXiiAin. 

6366  THE  ROYAL  JANUS— OR— TWO  FACES  UNDER  A  HOOD. 

Pu¥  as  y  Act  directs  Janv  4  1784  by  E  D  Achery  S*  James's  Street 

Engraving.  The  king  stands  with  two  profiles,  one  facing  1.  towards  North 
and  Fox,  the  other  r.  towards  Pitt  ( })  and  Shelbume.  He  says  to  Fox  and 
North,  Hanover — y^  Bishop  of  Derry — Serving  Turnips — Volunteers  of  Ire- 
land. This  profile  does  not  resemble  the  king,  as  does  the  other,  which  is 
saying.  Extend  the  Prerogativey  &  exercise  it  as  you  will — Oh!  the  damn'd 
Coalition.  A  crown  is  suspended  above  his  head ;  he  holds  a  sceptre  in  his 
1.  hand,  reversed,  its  tip  touching  the  floor. 

The  foremost  of  the  two  men  on  the  r.  has  little  resemblance  to  Pitt ; 
he  wears  a  ribbon,  and  is  possibly  intended  for  Lord  Gower  or  the  Duke 
of  Richmond ;  he  holds  out  his  hand  to  the  king,  saying.  We'll  Do  it.  Shel- 
burne,  standing  behind  him  (r.),  puts  his  hand  to  his  chin  watching  the 
king  with  a  sly  expression.  (He  was  not  even  mentioned  for  a  place  in 
Pitt's  administration.  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  iii.  202.)  North  (I.)  stands  behind 
Fox  taking  his  arm ;  he  says.  From  Hypocrisy  Deliver  us  Oh  Lord;  Fox,  who 
holds  a  paper  in  both  hands,  says  Amen;  both  look  dejected. 

The  point  is  obscure  as  the  king  did  not  conceal  his  dislike  of  Fox  and 
the  Coalition  and  openly  supported  Pitt,  but  cf.  No.  6370.  Hervey,  the 
eccentric  Earl-Bishop  of  Derry,  played  a  prominent  part  in  the  grand  con- 
vention of  volunteers  in  Dublin  in  November  1783,  see  No.  6610. 

8jxi3i^6in. 

6367  GENERAL  BLACKBEARD  WOUNDED  AT  THE  BATTLE  OF 
LEADENHALL 

/.  B.  [J.  Boyne.] 

Janv  5  Published  by  E.  Hedges  AT"  92  Cornhill,  &  Sold  by  S.  Fores 
N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  design  similar  in  subject  and  treatment  to  The  Banditti 
(No.  6281).  Fox  (General  Blackbeard)  lies  on  the  ground,  surrounded  by  his 
followers.  He  is  supported  by  Keppel,  who  gazes  at  him  with  a  melancholy 
expression.  Burke,  in  a  monkish  robe,  kneels  beside  him  holding  a  glass 
of  some  restorative.  Four  men  lean  anxiously  towards  him  from  the  r. : 
North,  very  large  and  fat,  appears  to  be  collapsing  from  distress  and  is 
supported  by  Portland,  wearing  a  ducal  coronet;  Sheridan,  with  a  satyr's 
beard  and  profile,  kneels  in  front  of  Fox,  his  hands  clasped;  he  wears 
oriental  robes,  a  laurel  wreath,  and  a  sabre  inscribed  Satire.  Lord  John 
Cavendish  stands  behind  him,  stretching  out  an  arm  towards  Fox ;  he  wears 
Turkish  trousers,  and  a  fur-trimmed  tunic  over  his  coat. 

The  head  of  a  young  man  with  curly  hair  looks  over  North's  shoulder; 
he  may  be  holding  the  standard  which  waves  over  Portland's  head,  the 
apex  of  a  pyramidal  composition.  This  flag  bears  the  arms  of  the  Coalition : 
a  medallion  with  the  cypher  F  iV,  supported  by  a  fox  (1.)  and  a  badger  (r.) ; 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

a  face  or  crest  surmounting  the  medallion  represents  the  features  of  Fox 
and  North  combined  as  in  The  Mask  (No.  6234)  ^^^  without  a  dividing 
line.  The  motto  is  Vox  Populi. 

Behind  Fox  (1.)  is  Perdita  Robinson,  bending  over  him  and  holding  a 
smelling-bottle  to  his  nose;  her  r.  arm  is  held  out  behind  her  towards  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  who  kneels,  kissing  her  hand,  which  he  holds  in  both 
his.  Three  ostrich  feathers  in  his  hat  stress  his  identity.  A  setting  sun  (1.), 
in  which  is  a  fox's  head,  is  partly  obscured  by  a  mass  of  cloud. 

'The  Battle  of  Leadenhall'  is  the  contest  over  Fox's  India  Bill,  cf.  No. 
6286,  &c.  Perdita  continued  to  be  associated  in  the  public  mind  with  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  though  the  liaison  had  ended ;  for  her  association  with  Fox 
see  No.  61 17,  &c. 
9ftXi2|in. 

6368  THE  FALL  OF  PHAETON. 

JS[^^ytrs]f.Platey3^ 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Thomas  Cornell Bruton  Street  6^^  January 
1784 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  Phaeton,  falls  head  downwards  from  his  chariot  in  the 
clouds.  He  holds  in  his  r.  hand  a  rolled  document  inscribed  India  Refo[rm\ 
Bill.  The  front  of  his  chariot  is  visible  (r.);  on  the  1.  are  his  steeds :  a  lion 
and  a  unicorn  emerging  from  clouds;  they  are  guided  by  a  hand  which 
projects  from  the  upper  margin  of  the  design,  holding  ribbons  attached 
to  their  mouths,  which  are  the  continuation  of  a  scroll  inscribed  Dieu  et 
mon  droit.  Behind  the  motto  are  the  rays  of  the  sun.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched : 

^^ Ambition  this  shall  tempt  to  rise 
Then  whirl  the  Wretch  from  high"  &c.  &c. 

Gray. 

The  third  of  Sayers's  effective  satires  on  Fox  and  the  India  Bill  (see 
Nos.  6271,  6276,  6372).  He  is  here  represented  as  defeated  by  the  king 
in  an  attempt  to  usurp  the  royal  power.  Cf.  Nos,  6271,  &c.,  6285,  6363, 
6371.  6372,  6374,  6394,  6395,  6396,  6426,  6443,  6447,  6450,  6454,  6458, 
6460, 6503,  p.  1 12, 7158.  For  other  prints  directly  indicating  the  popularity 
of  the  king's  action,  see  No.  6409,  &c. 
iiJxS^in. 

6369  THE  LOVES  OF  THE  FOX  AND  THE  BADGER,— OR  THE 
COALITION  WEDDING. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥Jany  7<*  1784  y  W.  Humphrey  iV°  227.  Strand 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  design  in  compart- 
ments arranged  in  two  strips,  five  above  and  four  below,  similar  to  Two 
new  Sliders  for  the  State  Magic  Lanthern^  No.  6287;  Fox  and  North  are 
represented  throughout  as  a  fox  and  a  badger  as  in  Nos.  6176,  &c.,  6428. 

[i]  The  Fox  Beats  y^  Badger  in  y^  Bear  Garden. 
An  arena,  surrounded  by  a  pillared  portico,  part  of  which  is  visible, 
crowded  with  cheering  spectators,  men  on  the  roof  holding  a  large  flag 

5 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

inscribed  Victoria  Victoria.    They  applaud  the  fox,  who  stands  on  the 
prostrate  body  of  the  badger.  This  indicates  Fox's  victory  over  North  in 
the  House  of  Commons  in  March  1782,  cf.  No.  6187. 
3^X21%  in. 

[2]  The  Fox's  Dream 

The  fox,  an  impoverished  gambler,  sits  meditatively  on  his  haunches  by 
the  side  of  a  road  on  a  heath,  opposite  a  signpost  pointing  to  Hounslow. 
At  his  feet  are  dice  and  a  dice-box.  Above  his  head,  in  circles  surrounded 
by  rays,  are  a  barred  window  and  a  pitcher  reversed  and  spilling  its 
contents.*  He  is  contemplating  the  career  of  a  highwayman. 
3i6X2iiin. 

[3]  The  Badger's  Dream 

The  badger  crouches  dejectedly  on  a  settee;  above  his  hand,  in  circles 
surrounded  by  rays,  are  a  gallows  and  ?  a  block.  He  is  dreaming  of  the  fate 
with  which  he  had  often  been  threatened  by  the  Opposition  during  his 
Ministry,  cf.  Nos.  5660,  6179,  &c. 
316X2^  in. 

[4]  Sathan  unites  them 

A  winged  Devil  joins  the  hands  of  the  fox  (1.)  and  the  badger  (r.).  He  is 
saying  Necessity,  The  Coalition  is  thus  begun.  Cf.  No.  6189. 
3ftX2f  in. 

[5]  They  Quarter  their  Arms. 

The  escutcheon  is  a  full  money-bag,  inscribed  Treasury  Bag,  its  open 
mouth  is  full  of  guineas.  Its  string  is  supported  on  the  head  of  John  Bully 
who  has  ass's  ears.  The  supporters  are  the  fox,  dexter,  and  the  badger, 
sinister,  each  about  to  help  himself  to  the  contents  of  the  bag.  The  motto 
is  Money  Money  Money  (cf.  No.  6213,  &c.);  see  No.  6441. 
3/6X2i|in. 

[6]  The  Priest  advertises  y=  Wedding 

The  Devil  stands  behind  a  counter  inscribed  Pay  Table y  handing  out 
money  to  three  journalists.  One  says  Harry  will  take  both  sides y — he  is 
probably  Henry  Bate  Dudley,  then  editor  of  the  Morning  Herald  (cf. 
No.  5676,  &c.);  the  second.  Me  will  Post  theniy — probably  an  allusion  to 
the  *Morning  Post'  (editor  W.  Jackson);  the  third,  /'//  Chronicle  The 
Coalitiony — probably  an  allusion  to  the  *Morning  Chronicle'  (editor 
W.  Woodfall). 
3iX2i^ein. 

[7]  The  Honey  Moon— or  Edistone  Lighthouse. 
The  fox  and  badger  beside  a  large  bonfire  on  the  sea-shore.  The  fox 
apphes  a  long  shovel  to  the  burning  sunmiit  of  the  pile;  the  badger  leans 
against  the  pile,  resting  on  his  shovel.  They  are  perhaps  burning  charters, 
cf.  No.  6364.  A  full  moon  shining  over  a  small  boat  at  sea  is  inscribed 
Honey  Moon. 
3iX2iVn. 

'  So  it  seems  to  be ;  Grego  describes  it  as  a  head  on  a  pole. 

6 


I 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

[8]  The  new  Orator  Henley — or  the  Churching 

Another  scene  in  Parliament :  the  fox  and  badger  sit  side  by  side  on 
a  settee  on  a  dais  facing  a  parson,  who  stands  in  a  tub  supported  on  a 
block  inscribed  Honest  Jack  L — e.  He  holds  out  a  charter  with  a  dangling 
seal,  saying  A  charter  is  nothing  but  a  piece  of  parchment  zvith  a  great  Seal 
dangling  to  it.  An  allusion  to  the  speech  of  John  Lee,  Attorney- General 
under  the  Coalition,  on  the  East  India  Company's  Charter;  see  Wraxall, 
MemoirSy  1884,  iii.  182,  and  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  49;  cf.  No.  6364,  &c.  Behind 
him,  supporting  the  tub,  is  the  Devil.  In  front  of  the  tub,  holding  out  his 
hand  towards  the  wedded  pair,  is  a  man  on  a  seat  inscribed  A  Seat  for 
Portsmouth.  He  is  Erskine,  brought  in  for  Portsmouth  on  the  accession  to 
power  of  the  Coalition.  He  says.  Necessity  Amen.  Under  the  colonnades 
are  heads  on  poles,  above  them  is  inscribed  mopstick  Majority.  A  satire  on 
Fox's  majority  in  the  House  of  Commons,  see  No.  6380,  &c.  For  Henley 
cf.  No.  2835,  &c. 

3iX4i|in. 

[9]  The  Wedding  Dance  and  Song — 

The  Devil  (1.),  the  badger  (c),  and  the  Fox  (r.)  dance  hand  in  hand.  In 
the  Devil's  1.  hand  is  a  string,  the  ends  of  which  are  attached  to  the  noses 
of  the  fox  and  the  badger. 

Above  their  heads  is  a  scroll  inscribed : 

The  Song 

Come  were  all  Rogues  together 
The  People  must  pay  for  the  Play 
Then  let  us  make  Hay  in  Fine  Weathear 
And  keep  the  Cold  winter  away. 

Come  were  all  Rogues  together 

For  the  idea  of  a  honeymoon  applied  to  the  Coalition  see  No.  6186,  &c., 
and  the  debate  of  17  Feb.  1783  (Pari.  Hist,  xxiii.  469,  483).  Cf.  Nos.  6393, 
6399,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsonj  i.  1 12-13;  Gillrayy  pp.  52-3. 

3|X3  in.    Whole  design,  7|xi2^in. 

6370  LE  DOUBLE  CABINET 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Janv  12^^  1^84  by  [name  obliterated] 

Engraving.  The  king,  with  two  profiles,  stands  in  front  of  a  double  door 
inscribed  Le  Double  Cabinet y  the  words  forming  the  title.  He  holds  out  his 
hands  to  the  Duke  of  Dorset  (1.)  and  to  Fox  (r.)  who  kneel  to  kiss  his  hand, 
one  profile  being  turned  to  each;  North  stands  behind  Fox  (r.).  The  hand 
which  Dorset  kisses  is  put  through  a  door  which  screens  one  side  of  the 
cabinet  from  the  other.  Dorset  holds  a  paper  inscribed  His  Grace  D  of 
Dorset;  Fox  holds  his  East  India  Bill. 

On  the  wall  (r.)  hangs  a  picture  of  Bute  as  a  cat  on  all  fours  with  a  human 
head,  he  is  booted  and  spurred  and  wears  a  tartan  plaid  and  kilt,  the  ribbon 
of  the  Garter,  and  a  sword.  Beneath  is  inscribed,  Le  celebre  Chat  Ecossers 
que  a  obtenu  un  place  dans  le  Cabenet  Royal  il  qa  [y-a]  vignt  quatre  ans  On 
le  represent  botte  et  loruble  [botte  et  I'oreille  ?]  surtout  aux  ministres  du  Roy. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

This  hangs  behind  North.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  wall  (1.)  behind 
Dorset  is  an  empty  frame  inscribed,  Le  Quadrant  pour  le  compagnon  du 
Chat  Eccossois  gu'on  ne  a  pas  encore  trouve. 

Dorset  was  appointed  ambassador  extraordinary  and  plenipotentiary  to 
France  on  26  Dec.  1783,  see  No.  6397.  A  satire  on  secret  influence  which 
seems  to  lack  point  as  its  French  lacks  correctness :  the  king  did  not  attempt 
to  conceal  his  hostility  to  his  ex-ministers,  Fox  and  North,  but  cf.  No. 
6366.  See  also  No.  6417,  &c. 

9i6Xi3im. 

6371  THE  VISION. 
[?  Collings.] 

Pu¥  by  T.  Cornell  Bruton  Street  Janv  9.  1^84 

Engraving.  Fox  rises  from  a  chair,  reaching  out  his  arms  towards  a  crown 
which  appears  among  clouds  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design.  He  is 
in  profile  to  the  1.;  from  his  coat-pocket  protrudes  A  Bill  for  r^/[orming 
the]  East  India  [Company]. 

Part  of  a  circular  table  is  visible  (1.);  on  the  ground  lie  a  dice-box  and 
dice.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Is  this  a  Diadem  I  see  before  me? 

Come  let  me  clutch  thee^ 

I  have  thee  not,  and  yet  I  see  thee  stilly 

Art  thou  not  fatal  Vision  sensible 

To  feeling y  as  to  sight?  or  art  thou  but 

a  false  creation 

Proceeding  from  the  heat-oppressed  Brain? 

Mackbeth, 

One  of  the  many  satires  representing  Fox  as  attempting  in  his  India  Bill 
to  secure  the  power  of  the  Crown  for  himself.  Cf.  Nos.  6276,  6368,  &c. 
i2Ax8i§in. 

6372  PAND[E]MONIUM 

J  S  [Sayers]  f  plate  y  4^^ 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Thomas  Cornell  Bruton  Street  y  12*^ 
January  1^84 

Engraving.  Fox  is  surrounded  by  his  late  colleagues,  who  regard  him  with 
varying  expressions.  All  are  H.L.  figures  closely  grouped.  Above  their 
heads  and  dominating  the  group  is  a  hatchment  with  the  arms  of  the  Earl  of 
Rockingham,  its  comer  obscuring  the  *e'  of  the  title.  The  motto.  In  Coelo 
QuieSy  above  a  skull  and  cross-bones,  implies  that  the  political  situation  is 
the  outcome  of  Rockingham's  death,  followed  by  Fox's  resignation.  Cf. 
Nos.  6010,  601 1,  &c.  Fox  scowls  angrily,  not  looking  at  his  followers. 
Portland  (1.)  and  Lord  John  Cavendish  (r.),  both  in  profile,  one  on  each  side 
of  Fox,  gaze  at  each  other  with  expressions  of  dismay.  Above  their  heads 
Keppel  (1.)  scowls  and  Lord  Derby  (r.)  grins,  saying  Hear  hear  hear.  Lord 
Stormont  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  r.,  turns  his  back  on  the  others  with  a 
satisfied  smile  as  if  contemplating  apostasy. 

8 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Below  Fox  Lord  Carlisle  and  Lord  North  gaze  up  at  him,  both  in  profil 
perduy  North  looking  through  an  eye-glass.  Burke  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  1., 
looks  up  with  a  distressed  expression. 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched  on  a  scroll : 

All  these  and  more  came  flocking^  but  with  Looks 
Downcast  and  damp,  yet  such  wherein  appeared 
Obscure  some  Glimpse  of  Joy ,  to  have  found  their  Chief 
Not  in  despair  J  to  have  found  themselves  not  lost 
In  Loss  itself  y  which  on  his  Countenance  cast 
Like  doubtful  huCy  but  he  his  wonted  Pride 
Soon  recollecting,  with  high  Words  that  bore 
Semblance  of  Worth  not  Substance  gently  raised 
Their  fainting  Courage  and  dispell' d  their  Fears 

Miltons  Paradise  lost. 

One  of  several  satires  in  which  Fox,  dismissed  from  office,  is  compared 
with  Lucifer  banished  from  Paradise,  cf.  Sayers's  Paradise  Lost,  No.  601 1. 
The  divided  interests  of  the  Coalition  are  indicated.  The  other  plates  of 
the  series  are  Nos.  6271,  6276,  6368,  6380.  Cf.  No.  6627. 
iij^XQin. 

6373  ORDNANCE  SEE-SAW, 

Pu¥  by  E,  Darchry  S^  James's  Street  Janv  12*^'  1784 

Engraving.  Viscount  Townshend  (1.)  and  the  Duke  of  Richmond  (r.), 
astride  on  a  see-saw  composed  of  a  great  gun  poised  on  a  pyramid  of 
cannon-balls,  compete  for  the  office  of  Master-general  of  the  Ordnance. 
Townshend  had  succeeded  Richmond  (12  April  1783)  in  the  Coalition  and 
Richmond  had  been  re-appointed  (23  Dec.  1783)  under  Pitt,  but  the 
position  of  the  new  Ministry  was  still  precarious. 

Townshend,  holding  up  his  arms,  says.  Trick  &  Trick  run  for  the  Rubber; 
Richmond,  whose  end  is  uppermost,  looks  down,  his  hands  on  the  gun, 
saying,  Win  or  lose,  Fll  have  nothing  else.  The  head  of  North,  appearing 
from  clouds  (1.),  directs  a  blast  at  Townshend,  while  the  head  of  Cornwall 
(r.),  in  his  Speaker's  wig,  directs  a  corresponding  blast  at  Richmond. 

Behind  each  end  of  the  see-saw  is  a  group  of  figures :  behind  Townshend, 
a  woman  holding  an  infant  with  a  ragged  child  beside  her,  and  two  old 
soldiers,  one  with  a  crutch,  saying.  By  Jasus  this  is  like  our  lord  lieutenant 
(Townshend  was  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland  1767-72,  see  No.  5133);  the 
other,  who  has  a  wooden  leg,  says.  Which  are  we  to  apply  to  now. 

Behind  Richmond  is  a  group  of  his  supporters,  and  behind  them  on  the 
extreme  r.  is  a  signpost  with  four  arms  pointing  respectively  to  Shoreham, 
Dover,  Arundel,  and  Chichester-,  at  its  foot  is  a  milestone  inscribed  XXIII 
Miles.  This  indicates  the  powerful  influence  of  Richmond  in  the  county 
of  Sussex  and  its  boroughs.  The  supporters  (seven)  include  one,  or  per- 
haps two,  sailors,  who  shout  All  vote  now  and  Sussex  for  ever,  a  short  and 
stout  parson,  a  man  with  a  civic  chain  round  his  neck,  and  a  military  officer. 

Cornwall  was  M.P.  for  Winchelsea  at  this  time,  and  in  the  1784  election 
was  returned  for  Rye.  The  borough  of  Chichester  had  been  for  many  years 
under  the  dictatorship  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond.  Oldfield,  Representative 
History,  1816,  v.  10. 

In  front  of  the  pyramid  of  cannon-balls  supporting  the  see-saw  are 
a  grenade  and  two  barrels  of  munitions,  one  inscribed  Oak,  the  other 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

(cracked)  Beach.  In  the  foreground  are  three  maps:  one  oi Plymouth  (1.) 
showing  the  coast  and  fortifications;  one  inscribed  Portsmouth  Gosport 
200000,  also  showing  fortifications;  and  in  the  centre,  a  map  of  England 
and  Wales  inscribed  Friar  Bacons's  Plan  to  surround  all  England  zvith  a 
Brasen  Wall. 

In  the  air  above  the  centre  of  the  see-saw,  among  clouds,  is  a  carved 
head  inscribed  Brasen;  from  one  side  of  the  mouth  (1.)  are  the  words  Time 
WaSy  from  the  other  (r.)  Time  is.  Roger  Bacon  in  popular  legend  and  chap- 
book  was  a  necromancer  with  a  brazen  head,  cf.  Nos.  6436,  7898. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  struggle  between  Pitt  and  Fox  in  Parlia- 
ment from  12  Jan.  to  the  dissolution  on  25  March,  see  Nos.  6363,  6375, 
6376,  6377,  6379,  6380,  6383,  6384,  6389,  6391,  6398,  6402,  6403,  6404, 
6406,  6415,  6417,  &c.,  6419,  6420,  6437,  &c.,  6449,  6460,  6461,  6462,  6463, 
6469.  Richmond's  personal  interest  in  the  details  of  the  Office  of  Ordnance 
was  well  known.  He  had  a  passion  for  fortification  and  projected  fortifica- 
tions to  defend  the  naval  arsenals  against  invasion.  Wraxall,  Memoirs ^ 
1884,  iv.  104-6.  By  an  odd  coincidence,  when  the  fortifications  proposed 
by  Richmond  were  discussed  in  Parliament  (27  Feb.  1786),  it  was  Cornwall 
the  Speaker  who  gave  his  casting  vote  against  them,  thus  defeating  the 
Government,  see  No.  6919. 

81 X  14!  in. 

6374  THE  TRYUMPH  OF  PITT,  OR  THE  MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE 
IN  THE  DUMPS. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Janv  13*^  ^  sold  at  the  City  of  Bristol,  Mint  S^ 
Southwark. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  title  is  that  of  a  song  etched  beneath 
the  design.  Fox,  with  a  fox's  tail,  lies  prostrate.  Pitt  strides  across  him 
holding  up  a  document  inscribed  A  more  palatable  East  India  Bill  by 
W.  Pitt ;  he  is  saying,  O  my  dear  Country  men  look  dozon  See  how  I  bestride 
your  prostrate  Enimy;  I  tread  on  Artfull  Fox  and  all  his  Schemes.  Fox  says : 
My  Indian  Schemes  of  wealth  &  I  must  fall,  But  that  this  Boy  should  ride 
me's  Worst  of  all.  Burke  (1.)  stands  behind  in  profile  to  the  r.  dressed  as  a 
Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026),  his  hands  together  as  if  in  prayer;  he  says.  The  Lords 
have  pulVd you  dozvn  may  the  Lord  raise  you  up  again. 

Behind  (r.)  a  building  inscribed  India  house  is  falling  sideways,  but  is 
supported  by  timber  props  inscribed  respectively  The  Lords  Prop,  City  of 
London  Prop,  and  wicham  prop,  the  last  perhaps  an  allusion  to  Lord 
Mahon,  M.P.  for  Wycombe,  a  violent  opponent  of  the  India  Bill  (see 
No.  6286),  or  perhaps  Lord  Shelburne,  as  in  No.  6378.  For  the  India 
Bills  see  Nos.  6271,  &c.,  6406.  The  drawing  is  crude  and  incorrect. 

Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

A  Song,   tune  an  Ass  in  the  Chaplet. 
I 

Ye  Muses  awhile  cmne  attend  to  my  Pray^ 

That  the  words  to  the  subject  mayfitt. 
While  the  Fox  &  the  Badger  are  lost  in  dispair 

Let  us  raise  up  our  Voices  to  Pitt 

to  Pitt  to  Pitt  &c. 

10 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

2 

How  finely  Fox  humbug' d  the  WestminstsW  geese^ 

With  a  deal  of  palaver  &  wit, 
Yet  all  his  designs  were  the  Nation  to  fleece y 

But  at  last  he  fell  in  to  a  Pitt. 

a  Pitt  a  Pitt  &c, 

3 
The  India  reform  was  a  notable  plan 

Yet  the  taste  of  the  Lords  did  not  hit 
His  Schemes  they  despised  &  detested  the  man 
Who  now  has  made  room  for  a  Pitt 

a  Pitt,  a  Pitt,  &c. 

4 
If  Brittons  were  wise  &  their  own  good  could  see 

What  is  for  their  happiness  fit 
To  preside  at  the  helm  who  better  can  be 
Than  Chatham's  descendant  a  Pitt 

a  Pitt  a  Pitt  &c, 

5    ^ 
The  name  in  itself  has  a  magical  sound 

All  Europe  rembers  it  yet 
When  Conquest  &  Glory  Beamed  widely  aroud 
Thro'  the  wisdom  &  Virtue  of  Pitt 

of  Pitt,  of  Pitt,  &c. 
6 
Like  the  Father  the  Son  does  in  excellence  rise 

In  Eloquence,  Honor  &  Wit, 
Then  let  us  all  selfish  designers  despise 
But  high  lift  the  Bumper  to  Pitt 

to  Pitt,  to  Pitt  &c. 
For  Pitt  as  Chatham's  son  cf.  No.  5984.   For  the  Fox  and  Badger  cf. 
Nos.  6176,  6369,  &c.;  for  the  Westminster  Geese,  No.  5843,  &c. 
5f  X8i^6  in.  PI.  c.  iif  X8f  in.  (cHpped). 

6375  THE  BATTLE  ROYAL,  OR  WHO  WEARS  THE  BREECHES. 
Pu¥  Jany  15  iy84  by  W  Humphrey  22y  Strand 
Engraving.  The  king  stands  on  a  dais  of  five  steps  watching  a  tug-of-war 
between  the  opposing  parties.  He  is  without  his  breeches,  and  these, 
inscribed  Government,  are  being  tugged  at  by  the  two  party-leaders,  their 
followers  tugging  in  a  chain  behind.  He  is  blindfolded,  wears  one  half  only 
of  a  crown,  and  holds  the  sword  and  scales  (evenly  balanced)  of  Justice. 

On  the  1.  Fox,  with  a  fox's  head,  pulls  at  the  breeches.  North  pulls  at 
Fox,  and  Burke  at  North.  The  fourth  and  last  man  on  this  side  is  shorter 
than  the  others  and  is  probably  Viscount  Townshend,  see  No.  6373. 

The  four  men  on  the  other  side  are  less  clearly  characterized  (r.).  The  first 
can  only  be  Pitt,  though  the  resemblance  is  slight;  behind  him  is  Shel- 
bume,  who  was  not  suggested  for  office  at  this  time;  the  third  has  some 
resemblance  to  Lord  Sydney,  Pitt's  Home  Secretary.^   The  fourth,  who 

^  The  first  and  third  are  identified  by  Mr.  Hawkins  as  Barre  and  Keppel;  this 
seems  politically  impossible,  and  though  there  is  perhaps  a  slight  resemblance  to 
Barr^,  there  is  none  to  Keppel. 

II 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  not  pulling  with  the  others  but  stands  on  cannon-balls,  looking  through 
a  telescope,  is  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  Master  of  the  Ordnance  under  Pitt, 
see  No.  6373. 

Two  framed  pictures  hang  on  the  wall,  one  on  each  side  of  the  king :  on 
the  1.  a  shaded  rectangle  with  four  stars  represents  Chaos.  On  the  r.  North, 
the  Devil,  and  Fox  (minute  and  freely  sketched  figures)  are  playing  battle- 
dore and  shuttlecock  with  the  crown,  which  flies  in  the  air,  decorated  with 
the  three  feathers  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  an  emblem  of  the  adherence  of 
the  Prince  to  Fox  and  his  party ;  cf .  No.  6401,  &c.  For  the  struggle  between 
Pitt  and  Fox  see  No.  6373,  &c. 

8jxi3|in. 


6376  THE  BROKEN  BRIDGE  OF  ADMINISTRATION 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Jany  ly  1^84  by  J  Smith  &  Sold  at  AT*'  2  Ped- 
lars Acre  West^  Bridge 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North  are  on  one  side  (1.)  of  a  broken  bridge,  the 
king  (r.),  flouting  them,  is  on  the  other.  The  broken  timbers  of  the  bridge 
fall  into  a  stream  through  the  broken  masonry  of  a  single  arch;  they  are 
inscribed  War  Office,  Treasury,  Chancellor  Ship,  Councill  Chamber,  Navy 
Office,  Admiralty.  The  road  (1.)  on  which  Fox  and  North  stand  is  inscribed 
Road  to  Preferment',  the  gateway  of  St.  James's  Palace  is  partly  visible  on 
the  extreme  r.,  adjacent  buildings  are  inscribed  Cleavland  Row ;  two  sentries 
stand  with  muskets.  The  king  stands  on  the  palace  side  of  the  broken 
bridge,  bending  down,  his  back  to  the  ex-ministers,  holding  out  to  them 
the  crown  between  his  legs,  he  looks  towards  them  through  his  legs,  saying. 
Here  *s  my  Crown  &  You  may  view  it  Toll  de  rol  de  ri  do.  North  holds  Fox's 

arm.  Fox  says.  Who  woul  [wV]  have  thought  his  M y  had  such  a  Broad 

Bottom  to  support  him  (cf.  No.  6365). 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution  of  Parliament  on  25  March,  see  No.  6373,  &c. 

8fxi3ftin. 

6377  AN  HARANGUE  ABOUT  THE  GOOSE. 

[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Barrow.  Jany  ig.  1784.  White  Lion  Bull  Stairs,  Surry 
Side,  Black  Friars  Bridge. 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  each  hold  one  wing  of  a  large  goose 
which  is  flying  between  them,  though  a  chain  is  attached  to  a  collar  round 
its  neck,  the  other  end  being  fixed  to  a  staple  at  Pitt's  feet,  where  are  also 
nine  large  eggs.  The  goose  turns  its  head  towards  Pitt,  saying,  /  think 
Gentlemen  you  make  me  look  very  silly. 

Fox,  his  r.  arm  raised  in  his  accustomed  orator's  gesture  (cf.  No.  5755), 
is  saying : 

Have  I  for  Britons  felt  such  pangs. 

And  made  so  many  long  harangues. 

And  having  graspt  at  last  the  Goose, 

Must  I  be  made  to  let  her  loose? 

12 


Pitt  answers 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

And  must  I  see  her  golden  joy 
Plac'd  in  the  Bosom  of  a  Boy^ 
Unripe  in  Judgment y  bold  in  prate. 
Unfit  to  wade  the  depths  of  State, 
To  make  us  peace,  or  war  to  wage. 
There  is  not  Judgment  in  your  age. 
To  lead  the  British  Lion,  Pitt, 
Thy  youth 's  unseemly  and  unfit, 
r II  give  you  Sir  a  proof  of  this. 
You  helpt  to  beg  our  present  peace. 
When  Monsieur  scarce  could  keep  his  legs. 
Sure,  you  deserve  no  golden  Eggs, 
To  give  the  goose  to  such  a  lad, 
Enough  to  make  a  Fox  run  mad: 
ril  have  the  Goose  I  now  declare. 
Or  from  a  Fox,  Fll  turn  a  Bear. 

Gently  wise  Sir,  nor  think  your  tongue. 
Must  carry  all  things  right  or  zurong. 
You  say  you* II  have  the  Goose,  But  when? 
Possession  *s  nine  points  out  of  ten: 
And  now  Fve  got  her,  fast  Fll  hold. 
Yes,  pocket  too  the  Eggs  of  Gold; 
Let  who  will  call  it  getting  Pelf, 
It  *s  duty  to  my  King,  and  self. 
You  say  you*  II  have  the  Goose  again. 
Not  surely  Fox,  in  this  Kings  reign, 
But,  be  not  overmuch  perplext. 
You  have  a  prospect  in  the  next. 

Fox  and  Pitt  stand  in  profile,  facing  each  other,  not  caricatured. 

For  Fox  and  the  geese,  usually  the  electors  of  Westminster  or  persons 
deluded  by  him,  cf.  No.  5843,  &c.  Here  the  goose  is  evidently  ministerial 
office,  which  Pitt  represents  as  only  possible  to  Fox  on  the  accession  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales  (cf.  No.  6401,  &c.),  although  at  this  time  the  Foxites 
were  confident  of  a  speedy  return  to  power.  For  the  struggle  in  Parliament 
see  No.  6373,  &c.   For  *our  present  peace'  see  No,  6172,  &c. 

8ftxi3iin. 

6378  WHIGGISM,  OR  MASTER  BILLY  LEARNING  HIS  TASK. 

Finunt  \sic'\  respice  [W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥for  S.W.  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Cattermoul  N""  3^6  Oxford  Street 
Janv  ig^^  1784. 

Engraving.  Thurlow,  seated  (1.),  a  birch-rod  in  his  r.  hand,  in  the  other 
an  open  book  inscribed  A  new  guide  to  India,  looks  towards  Pitt,  who 
stands  before  him  dressed  as  a  young  girl  though  wearing  a  bag- wig.  Pitt 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1. ;  to  his  waist  is  tied  a  key  marked  T.  (for  Treasury) 
which  is  decorated  with  bells  and  resembles  a  child's  coral  (cf.  No.  7325). 
Thurlow  was  again  appointed  Chancellor  (23  Dec.  1783)  on  the  dismissal 
of  the  Coalition;  he  wears  an  enormous  Chancellor's  wig. 

Against  the  wall  which  forms  the  background  are  objects  to  indicate  the 

13 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

nature  of  the  lessons  taught  in  Thurlow^s  schoolroom.  A  bookcase  is 
inscribed  Newbery^s  Works ^  indicating  the  extreme  youth  of  Pitt,  Newbery 
being  the  publisher  of  books  for  children.  It  is  surmounted  by  a  bust  of 
Fox,  grinning;  he  is  bearded  and  has  satyr's  ears;  this  is  inscribed  A  true 
Whig.  Beside  it  (r.)  hangs  a  circular  bust  portrait  of  George  III  as  a  Roman 
emperor.  He  wears  a  wreath  of  thistles.  An  arm,  inscribed  Secret  Influence^ 
extends  from  a  tartan  plaid  on  the  extreme  1.  of  the  design,  the  hand  hold- 
ing a  thistle  to  the  nose  of  the  king,  indicating  the  supposed  influence  of 
Bute  or  of  other  Scots.  The  frame  of  the  portrait  is  decorated  with  thistles. 
Over  it  is  inscribed  A  great  Whig.  On  the  other  side  of  the  bust  of  Fox  is 
a  wall-map  in  which  the  face  of  Shelburne  forms  the  British  Isles.  His  hair 
is  inscribed  Scotland^  below  this  and  across  his  forehead  is  an  Ecliptic  line ; 
below  are  England^  Channel ^  German  Ocean  (1.),  and  Wales,  Dublin  (r.). 
A  fragment  has  been  torn  off,  containing  ^w[erica]  and  part  of  the  West 
/w[dies] .  The  map  is  inscribed  British  Geography  made  easy  to  youth  by 
Wycombe  1783  (cf.  No.  6374),  and  above  it  is  written  A  false  Whig. 

Shelburne  was  Baron  Wycombe  in  the  English  peerage  until  1784,  when 
he  was  created  Earl  Wycombe  and  Marquis  of  Lansdowne.  One  of  many 
indications  of  Shelbume's  unpopularity,  here  attacked  for  the  peace  of 
1783,  see  No.  617 1,  &c.;  it  illustrates  the  danger  to  Pitt  of  including  him 
in  his  Ministry,  cf.  Orde's  letter  to  Shelburne,  Fitzmaurice,  Shelburne, 
1912,  ii.  284.  For  Thurlow's  part  in  overtures  from  the  King  to  Pitt  in 
1783  cf.  No.  7502. 
8ftx8Jin. 

6379  HIS  HIGHNESS  THE  PROTECTOR 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Jany  ig*^  iy84  by  W.  Humphrey  AT"  227  Strand. 

Engraving.  Fox,  scarcely  caricatured,  stands  before  the  door  of  the 
Treasury  (r.),  which  is  closed  with  an  enormous  padlock.  He  looks 
to  the  1.,  holding  a  dagger  in  his  r.  hand,  the  key  of  the  padlock  in  his  1. 
Beside  him  (r.)  is  his  watchdog,  with  the  head  of  North,  his  star  attached 
to  his  collar. 

In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  wall,  perhaps  the  wall  of  the  Privy 'Garden,  in 
front  of  some  buildings.  Ballads  for  sale  (or  placards)  are  strung  along  the 
wall,  a  man  sits  beside  them,  three  others  stand  on  the  pavement. 

For  the  special  application  of  this  attack  on  Fox,  as  guarding  the  door 
of  the  Treasury,  see  No.  6380.  One  of  several  satires  in  which  he  is  com- 
pared to  Cromwell,  see  No.  6380,  &c.  For  the  struggle  between  Pitt  and 
Fox  in  Parliament  before  the  dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c. 
1016X7?  in. 

6380  THE  MIRROR  OF  PATRIOTISM. 
JSf.  Plate  y'  5'^  [SzytTS.] 

Published  y^  20*^  January  1^84  hyja^  Bretherton  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Fox  in  back  view  (H.L.)  in  the  attitude  of  an  orator,  his  r. 
hand  raised  clasping  a  document.  His  reflection  in  a  mirror  which  hangs 
on  the  wall  is  that  of  Cromwell  in  armour,  in  a  similar  attitude,  with  an 
angry  frown. 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Fox's  I.  hand  rests  on  a  table  on  which  are  writing-materials,  and  a  copy 
of  the  [Mornin]^  Chronicle  on  which  can  be  read,  Tuesddiy  . . .  Hasty  Sketch 
of  yesterdays  Business  At  half  past  Two  o  Clock  M^ .  .  .  rose  and  .  .  .  State 
of  Nation.  The  document  he  holds  is  inscribed  Resolution  .  .  .  Resolved  . .  . 
Resolved . . .  Resolved.  A  card  stuck  under  the  frame  of  the  mirror  is  faintly 
inscribed,  — Requested  meet  (?)  the  friend  of  the  People  (?)  speak  this  evening. 

One  of  a  number  of  satires  in  which  Fox  is  compared  to  Cromwell,  see 
Nos.  6239,  &c.,  6379,  6384,  6391,  6408,  6412,  6422,  6424,  6457,  6671, 7492, 
7630,  7857.  See  also  election  squibs  reprinted  in  The  Westminster  Election, 
pp.  96, 98, 105,  in  which  Fox  is  Oliver  Cromwell  and  intended  in  his  India 
Bill  *to  render  himself  independent  of  the  Crown  and  to  set  himself  up 
above  the  laws  of  his  country'.  The  Morning  Chronicle  reports  the  debate 
of  12  Jan.,  when  'the  House  at  half  past  two  in  the  morning  went  into 
Committee  on  the  State  of  the  Nation'  and  Fox  moved,  inter  alia,  that  the 
payment  of  money  towards  public  services  after  the  prorogation  or  dissolu- 
tion of  Parliament  should  be  *a  high  crime  and  misdemeanour'.  Pari.  Hist. 
xxiv.  299.  As  a  result  of  this  debate  Fox,  relying  on  his  majority,  had 
counted  on  displacing  Pitt,  attempting  to  show  (against  law  and  precedent) 
that  the  Crown  had  not  the  prerogative  of  dissolution.  Russell,  Corr.  of 
FoXy  ii.  227  ff.  For  Fox's  attempts  to  stop  supplies  see  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv. 
299  ff.,  581,  595  ff.,  and  Nos.  6379,  6384,  6425,  6434,  6446,  6462,  6481. 

The  French  Ambassador,  d'Adhemar,  wrote  of  this  print,  'J^  sais  de 
bonne  part  que  M.  Fox  a  ete  sensible  a  cette  caricature.'  Britsch,  La 
Jeunesse  de  Philippe  J^galite,  1926,  p.  406.  The  print  is  described  by 
Archenholtz,  Tableau  d'Angleterrey  Bruxelles,  1788,  i.  150,  and  evidently 
made  a  great  impression.  For  the  series  see  No.  6372. 
9|x8|in. 

6381  A  POST  HASTE  CONVEYANCE  FOR  S [SCOTTISH] 

MEMBERS. 

J  5/.  [Bayers.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Ja^  Bretherton  New  Bond  Street 

20^^  January  1784 
Engraving.  A  Scotsman  enclosed  in  a  letter,  from  which  his  head  (r.)  and 
.  legs  protrude  at  either  end;  he  lies  horizontally,  and  a  signpost  (1.)  pointing 
To  London,  shows  that  he  is  being  projected  through  the  air  from  Scotland 
to  London.  A  thistle  at  the  foot  of  the  post  indicates  Scotland.  He  has  a 
raw-boned  Scottish  countenance,  wears  a  Scots  cap  and  tartan  stockings. 

The  letter  is  inscribed  in  large  letters  To  The  Majority  S^  Stephens 
Westm^  Free  Duke  or  no  Duke,  the  franking  being  further  shown  by  the 
word  Free  in  a  circle.   Portland  was  accused  of  corrupting  Scottish  M.P.S 
by  a  fund  for  travelling-expenses.   Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  339  ff. 
iiJX9Jin.  (pi.). 

6382  WAYS  AND  MEANS  FOR  1784 

Jany  21'^  1J84  Pu¥  as  y'  act  directs  by  J.  Langham  Russell  Street 
Cov^  Garden 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North  as  itinerant  musicians,  much  caricatured, 
receive  plates  of  broken  victuals  from  a  maidservant.  North,  very  bulky 
and  on  a  larger  scale  than  Fox,  beats  a  tambourine,  he  looks  downwards, 
his  tongue  protruding  (or  perhaps  he  has  just  caught  a  penny  in  his  mouth). 

15 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Fox  has  a  large  hurdy-gurdy  slung  across  his  shoulder  and  supported  on 
his  knee,  his  other  knee  is  protected  from  the  cobbles  of  the  street  by  a 
small  four-legged  stool.  He  holds  out  his  hat  to  receive  the  food  which 
the  girl,  who  leans  out  from  a  street  door,  is  slipping  into  it  from  a  plate. 
The  Foxites  were  still  counting  on  success ;  for  the  contest  see  No.  6373,  etc. 

8|Xioi|in. 

6383    SATAN   HARANGUEING  HIS  TROOPS   PREVIOUS   TO 
ACTION    VIDE  PARADSE  lqST  BOOK  5^^ 

Pu¥  as  the  act  directs  Jan^  22  1784  by  W  Humphrey  22y  Strand 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.),  as  Satan,  stands  with  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  he  is  address- 
ing the  serried  ranks  of  the  Majority^  in  front  of  whom  stand  four  officers, 
each  holding  a  standard:  the  Duke  of  Portland  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  I. 
wearing  a  ducal  coronet,  holds  a  standard  inscribed  Belial;  next  is  North 
holding  a  standard  inscribed  Mammon  and  decorated  also  with  the  points 
of  the  compass,  the  letter  n  pointing  west  towards  Fox ;  he  wears  (incor- 
rectly) a  baron's  coronet.  Next  stands  Burke,  his  standard  inscribed 
Moleck  the  Sublime  &  Beautifull;  he  wears  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026) 
decorated  with  a  rosary,  and  large  spectacles.  Last  (1.)  stands  Keppel, 
dressed  as  a  sailor  in  trousers ;  his  standard  is  inscribed  Asmodeus  or  Julias 
the  27^*,  one  of  many  allusions  to  the  battle  of  Ushant  on  27  July  1778, 
which  gained  him  the  name  of  Admiral  Lee  Shore,  see  No.  5992,  &c. 
Behind  these  four  stand  men  in  close  ranks  holding  pikes,  freely  sketched. 
The  front  rank  is  inscribed  with  the  word  Majority  four  times  repeated. 

Fox,  from  the  knee  downwards,  has  the  legs  of  an  animal  terminating  in 
cloven  hoofs.  A  fox's  brush  hanging  below  his  coat  is  faintly  indicated. 
He  wears  a  military  hat  surmounted  by  the  figure  of  a  small  dragon  with 
a  forked  tongue;  on  the  front  of  the  hat  is  a  fox.  From  his  1.  wrist  hangs 
an  oval  mask  of  his  own  features,  smiling.  He  stands  in  profile  to  the  r., 
scowling  and  saying  to  his  followers : 

Will  ye  submit  your  necks  &  chuse  to  bend 

the  supple  knee?  ye  will  not  if  I  trust 

to  know  ye  right  .  .  . 

Jar  not  zvith  liberty ,  but  well  consist 

Who  can  in  reason  or  in  right  assume 

Prerogative  o^er  such  as  live  by  right 

His  equals  if  in  power  &  splendor  less 

In  freedom  equal .  .  . 

Much  less  to  look  for  adoration  to  tK  abuse 

Of  those  Imperial  titles  which  assert 

Our  being  ordain* d^  to  govern  not  to  serve 

The  Prince  of  Wales,  also  in  profile,  stands  on  the  extreme  1.  He  wears 
a  crown  or  coronet  surmounted  with  his  three  ostrich  feathers,  and  rests 
the  point  of  his  sword  on  the  ground.  He  holds  Fox's  arm  and  tramples 
under  foot  a  paper  inscribed  Ich  Dien. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  struggle  between  Pitt  and  Fox  in  Parliament 
from  12  Jan.  to  the  dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  For  Fox  and  the  Prince, 
see  No.  6041,  &c.  See  No.  6482,  a  sequel  by  the  same  artist.  For  Fox  as 
Satan  see  also  Nos.  6012,  6392,  p.  74,  6585,  and  cf.  No.  6430. 
8ftxi3iiin. 

16 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1784 

6384  THE  TIMES— OR  A  VIEW  OF  THE  OLD  HOUSE  IN  LITTLE 
BRITTAIN— WITH  NOBODY  GOING  TO  HANNOVER. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Jany  23,  iy84  by  W.  Humphrey  AT^  22y  Strand. 

Engraving.  On  the  r.  is  The  old  Building,  an  inn  of  old-fashioned  construc- 
tion with  a  projecting  upper  story  and  attic,  representing  Great  Britain 
or  the  Constitution.  On  the  1.  is  the  king,  apparently  asleep,  driving  off 
to  Hanover  in  a  coach  with  a  crown  on  its  roof.  Two  men  and  a  barefooted 
woman  who  holds  up  two  naked  infants  kneel  beside  the  coach  in  attitudes 
of  despairing  entreaty.  In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  print,  above  the  coach, 
an  eye  looks  towards  the  *01d  House'  labelled,  Turn  out  those  Robbers  and 
repair  the  House. 

The  robbers  in  possession  are  members  of  the  Coalition.  The  lowest 
story,  stone-built  and  solid  but  sinking  beneath  the  weight  of  the  upper 
floors,  is  inscribed  Public  Credit,  a  large  padlocked  gate  being  inscribed 
Funds.  Outside  it  sits  Fox,  in  the  form  of  a  fox,  on  a  stone  inscribed 
Protectory  he  points  towards  the  padlock.  A  chain  attached  to  his  waist  is 
attached  to  a  curving  pillar,  inscribed  Coalition,  which  is  the  bending 
support  of  a  balcony.  Beside  him,  seated  on  a  turnstile,  is  North  saying, 
Give  me  my  Ease  And  do  as  you  Please.  On  the  other  side  of  the  gateway 
the  crown  stands  on  a  block  inscribed  To  be  Sold. 

The  first  floor  is  supported  by  two  massive  beams  or  props,  one.  The 
Lords,  being  intact  (indicating  the  part  taken  by  the  Lords  in  rejecting  the 
India  Bill),  the  other.  Prerogative  of  the  Crown,  is  almost  chopped  through 
by  one  of  two  lawyers  in  a  first-floor  window  inscribed  y'  two  Lawyers',  he 
sits  with  one  leg  over  the  sill  wielding  an  axe.  Beside  him  projects  from  a 
beam  the  sign  of  the  house.  Magna  Charta,  a  torn  document  with  a 
pendant  seal;  the  signboard  is  dropping  down.  He  is  Lee  the  Attorney- 
General,  pilloried  for  his  speech  on  the  East  India  Company's  Charter,  see 
No.  6364,  &c.  Next  him  is  another  lawyer,  who  shakes  his  clenched  fist 
towards  Magna  Charta.  He  is  perhaps  James  Mansfield  (1733-1821)  who 
succeeded  Lee  as  Solicitor-General  (Nov.  19)  on  the  death  of  Wallace. 

The  first-floor  balcony,  an  excrescence  on  the  original  structure  sup- 
ported by  the  pillar  Coalition,  extends  round  the  corner  of  the  house  above 
Fox  and  North.  It  is  filled  with  revellers:  a  harlequin  leans  over  it,  next 
him  is  Burke,  who  blows  a  long  trumpet  from  which  issue  the  words 
Sheridan  Sheridan  Sheridan  dan  Sheridan,  pointing  towards  a  group  on 
his  1.  which  includes  a  man  (Sheridan?)  flourishing  a  bottle  and  dressed 
as  a  clown  or  zany  (cf.  No.  7273),  and  two  women,  one  of  whom  resembles 
the  Duchess  of  Devonshire.  Beside  her  a  large  flag  projects  from  the 
balcony,  Man  of  the  People;  on  it  is  a  fox's  brush.  On  the  rails  of  the 
balcony  is  a  placard  Here 's  the  Whore  of  Babylon  the  Devil  and  the  Pope. 
The  wall  behind  is  inscribed  The  old  Building. 

The  projecting  windowless  attic  or  cornice  is  divided,  in  front  of  the 
house,  into  partitions  numbered  from  i  to  10.  Round  the  comer  (r.)  the 
wall  is  inscribed  The  accursed  10  years  American  War  fomented  by  opposition 
and  misconducted  by  a  timid  Minister.  The  roof  is  composed  of  stones  or 
large  irregular  slates,  on  each  of  which  is  the  word  Tax,  showing  that  the 
security  of  the  house  is  endangered  by  the  weight  of  taxes.  On  it  sits  a 
bird,  probably  a  raven  of  ill  omen. 

The  fact  that  the  Coalition  is  in  possession  of  the  house  well  illustrates 

17  C 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  insecurity  of  Pitt  and  confidence  of  Fox.  Cf .  Russell,  Corr.  of  C.  J.  Fox^ 
1883,  ii.  227,  and  No.  6373,  &c.  For  Fox's  attempt  to  keep  the  Treasury- 
padlocked  see  No.  6380,  &c.  For  the  king's  recurrent  desire  to  go  to 
Hanover  when  indignant  at  English  politics  cf.  Nos.  6007,  6185.  Fox  is 
compared  with  Cromwell  by  the  word  Trotector',  see  No.  6380,  &c. 

The  original  drawing  for  this  is  in  the  Print  Room.  The  inscriptions  are 
identical  with  those  on  the  plate,  except  that  the  word  Sheridan  emerging 
four  times  from  Burke's  trumpet  is  written  Sher-dan,  (201  c.  6/20.) 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  1 14-15. 
8^X13  in. 

6385  BACK  STAIRS  STATESMEN— IN  CONSULTATION  WITH 
M ^Y 

Jany  26^^  iy84  Pu¥  hy  E.  Darchery  S^  James's  Street. 

Engraving.  George  III  (Majesty)  enthroned  on  a  dais  of  two  steps.  Behind 
his  chair,  half-hidden,  is  Bute  in  Highland  dress,  his  cap  decorated  with 
a  small  boot.  On  the  king's  r.  is  Thurlow  with  the  body  of  a  bird  of  prey; 
he  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  his  Chancellor's  wig.  On  his  1.  is  a 
serpent  with  a  barbed  tail,  and  a  human  head  intended  for  that  of  Pitt ;  it  is 
suspended  in  the  air,  looking  towards  the  king,  who  says.  Go  to  myfaithfull 
Janazaries;  Order  them  to  repair  to  the  DivaUy  &  do  instant  execution  on  the 
Vizar. 

In  the  foreground  (r.)  Britannia  sits  on  the  ground  asleep.  A  statesman 
wearing  a  ribbon,  partly  cut  off  by  the  r.  margin  of  the  print,  leans  towards 
her,  touching  her  shoulder  and  saying,  Theives!  Theives!  Zounds  awake 
Madam,  or  you'll  have  your  Throat  cut.  He  is  perhaps  intended  for  Lord 
John  Cavendish. "^ 

One  of  the  few  attacks  on  Pitt's  Ministry  before  the  dissolution;  it  is 
significant  that  neither  Fox,  North,  nor  Burke  appears.  For  Scottish 
influence  cf.  No.  6387,  and  for  'secret  influence'  in  general  No.  6417,  &c. 
For  Thurlow  cf.  No.  7502.  For  George  III  as  an  oriental  despot  cf.  No. 
6608,  &c. 
7|Xi2|in. 

6386  THE  FOX  HUNT  OR  VIEW  HOLLA!  FROM  LEADENHALL 
STREET. 

[?  Ceilings.] 

Pu¥  Jany  2f^  1784,  hy  W,  Welky  N°  132,  opposite  Salisbury  Court) 
Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  A  scene  in  front  of  the  East  India  House,  Leadenhall  Street, 
which  forms  the  background.  A  fox  (C.  J.  Fox)  is  being  hunted  by  three 
dogs,  who  are  being  huUoa'd  on  by  two  men  with  huntsmen's  whips  and 
a  number  of  spectators,  two  of  the  most  prominent  being  Jews.  They 
evidently  represent  City  and  East  India  interests.  The  fox  turns  round  to 
snarl  at  a  greyhound  whose  collar  is  inscribed  Pitt.  His  India  bill,  which  is 
blazing,  is  tied  to  his  tail,  and  to  it  is  tied  a  brick-shaped  box  inscribed 
MT  [empty] .  The  other  dogs  are  a  bulldog  with  Thurlo  on  his  collar,  and 
a  small  spaniel  who  is  T^w[ple]. 

*  He  is  identified  by  Mr.  Hawkins  as  Temple,  but  as  the  print  is  directed  against 
*back-stairs'  influence  and  the  new  Ministry,  this  appears  impossible. 

18 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

For  the  defeat  of  Fox's  India  Bill  see  Nos.  6283,  6368,  &c.   Cf.  also 
No.  6519. 
8ixi2i|in. 

6387  THE  FOX  HUNT. 

[W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥  for  H.B,^  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Cattermoul,  N<'  376,  Oxford 
Street,  Javy  29^*  17S4, 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  a  fox  with  a  human  head,  is  being  chased  (1.  to  r.)  by- 
dogs  with  human  heads,  by  two  huntsmen  on  foot,  and  by  Lord  Temple 
riding  on  the  king,  an  ass  with  the  face  of  George  HI.  Partly  visible  on  the 
extreme  1.  is  a  high  stone  arch,  surmounted  by  a  crown  and  a  thistle,  and 
inscribed  Starting  Place.  From  it  Temple  has  just  emerged;  his  jockey 
cap  is  inscribed  Stow  (the  name  of  his  estate)  to  make  his  identity  clear ; 
from  his  mouth  protrudes  a  long  tongue  inscribed  Rumor,  his  coat  is 
patterned  with  what  appear  to  be  tongues.  On  his  cap  stands  Rumour  as  a 
small  woman  with  ass's  ears,  blowing  a  trumpet.  The  rein  in  the  king's 
mouth  is  inscribed  Secret  influence.  Temple  holds  a  whip  whose  broad 
lash  is  inscribed  Prerogative  to  indicate  his  message  to  the  House  of  Lords 
on  the  king's  wish  for  the  defeat  of  the  India  Bill,  see  Nos.  6283,  6417,  &c. 
Seated  behind  him  on  the  ass's  back  is  a  demon  wearing  a  tartan  plaid,  to 
indicate  that  an  evil  Scottish  influence  still  prevails  as  in  the  days  of  Bute 
(cf.  No.  6385). 

The  dogs'  heads  are  profile  portraits:  the  foremost  couple  are  Pitt  and 
Thurlow;  a  key  inscribed  T  (for  Treasury)  hangs  from  Pitt's  collar,  which 
is  inscribed  Castril.  Thurlow  wears  his  Chancellor's  wig;  his  collar  is  in- 
scribed Beetle  Brow  and  a  disk  representing  the  Great  Seal  is  fastened  to  it. 
Behind  him  is  Richmond,  wearing  his  ribbon  and  star;  his  collar  is  inscribed 
Ordnance  and  it  is  fastened  by  a  cannon-ball.  Behind  Pitt  is  Dundas,  his 
collar  inscribed  Thistle.  The  hindmost  dog  is  Lord  Nugent,  his  collar 
inscribed  Old  Rat  (see  No.  6059,  &c.). 

The  two  pedestrians  are  both  dressed  in  long  legal  gowns,  and  both  blow 
horns,  the  foremost  (Pepper  Arden)  blowing  Char — Char — Charters,  the 
other  (Kenyon)  Char — Charters.  The  words  signify  the  exploitation  by 
the  opponents  of  the  Coalition  of  the  attack  on  chartered  rights  involved 
in  the  India  Bill,  cf.  No.  6364,  &c.  Arden,  Pitt's  friend  and  Solicitor- 
General,  was  one  of  the  most  indefatigable  opponents  of  Fox's  India  Bill. 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii.  206-7. 

Fox's  brush  is  inscribed  Coalition — Receipt  tax  (see  No.  6243,  &c.) 
India  Bill  (see  No.  6271,  &c.).  Beside  him  is  a  signpost  pointing  To 
Brookes' s',  it  is  decorated  with  dice  and  surmounted  by  a  dice-box,  indi- 
cating that  Fox  out  of  office  must  return  to  the  gaming-table  for  support, 
cf.  No.  6013. 

Two  heads  look  down  upon  the  chase  from  the  sky :  above  Temple  and  the 
King,  Shelburne's  smiling  face  (1.)  is  the  centre  of  rays ;  above  Fox  (r.)  North's 
head  emerges  from  clouds  directing  a  blast  at  Pitt  to  impede  his  progress. 

This  satire,  while  mainly  directed  against  Pitt's  Ministry,  see  No.  6417, 
&c.,  also  pillories  Fox,  cf.  No.  6400.  For  the  king  as  an  ass  cf.  Nos.  5669, 
5683,  6007,  7308. 
8|xi3|in. 

'  The  words  'for  H.B.'  are  scored  through. 

19 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL   SATIRES 

6388  A  BEAST  OF  PREY.  TALLY TALLY  .  .  HO 

First  Sketch,  published  JarP  2g  iy84  as  the  act  directs,  by  S.  Fores 
Ar«  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  a  fox  with  a  human  head,  speeds  over  the  ground  (r. 
to  1.),  covering  in  his  stride  a  wide  expanse  of  country. 

Other  prints  in  this  series  are  Nos.  6407,  6412. 
3|x6^in. 

6389  GUY  VAUX  OR  F BLOWING  UP  THE  PAR ^T 

HOUSE!!! 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Jany  30  1784  by  B.  Walwyn  N.  2  Pedlars  Acre 
West*  Bridge 

Engraving.  Fox,  in  the  foreground  (1.)  holding  a  firebrand,  leans  back- 
wards as  he  watches  the  Parliament  House  (r.)  rise  shattered  in  a  vast 
explosion  which  extends  to  the  adjacent  buildings.  A  path  inscribed  Train 
of  False  Patriotism  leads  from  his  feet  to  the  explosion.  His  cap  appears 
to  be  part  of  a  dark  lantern ;  on  it  stands  the  minute  figure  of  the  Devil 
holding  a  trident.  His  flaming  brand  is  inscribed  Oratory y  in  his  1.  hand 
he  holds  a  garment  inscribed  Cloak  of  Deceit.  The  pavement  on  which  he 
stands  is  inscribed  Loyalty.  From  Fox's  pocket  hang  three  papers  inscribed 
respectively,  Dear  F.  .  .  y  Louis  (with  a  fleur-de-lis  seal  or  cipher) — indi- 
cating the  attitude  of  Fox  towards  the  recent  war,  cf.  Nos.  6239,  ^393* 
Majority  8;  and  Satan  Spe[ech].  The  majority  against  Pitt's  India  Bill 
on  23  Jan.  was  only  eight.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  412. 

The  explosion  is  inscribed  Gunpowder  of  Dissention  and  Messauge  from 
the  (followed  by  a  small  crown).  Flying  into  the  air  with  the  Parliament 
House  are  a  crown,  Pitts  India  Bill  and  Mutiny  Bill  (Fox  having  carried 
a  resolution  on  12  Jan.  (see  No.  6380)  postponing  the  second  reading  of  the 
Mutiny  Bill  till  23  Feb. 

In  the  distance,  watching  the  explosion,  is  a  group  inscribed  Conspirators. 
Prominent  among  them  are  North,  Burke  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026)  holding 
a  book  and  a  rosary,  Keppel  holding  a  flag  inscribed  2 y  July  (the  date  of  the 
battle  of  Ushant,  1778,  see  No.  5992,  &c.). 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Guy  Vaux  see  Nos.  6007,  6022, 
6478,  6583,  6593,  7861. 
i2^X9i6in. 

6390  S TH  PILGRIMS  ON  THEIR  JOURNEY  TO  ST  STEPHENS 

CHAPEL  IN  OBEDIANCE  TO  THE  ORDER  OF  THEIR  HIGH 
PRIEST 

Pu¥  asy'  Act  directs  Janv  1784  by  J  Smith  &  sold  at  AT"  66  Drury 
Lane  [address  of  Holland]. 

Engraving.  Scottish  members  of  Parliament  walk  from  Scotland,  a  sign- 
post (1.)  pointing  along  the  Road  to  preferment.  On  the  extreme  1.,  on  the 
farther  side  of  a  stream  inscribed  Tweedy  part  of  an  emaciated  figure  in 
tartan  is  visible.  He  is  inscribed  Famine;  a  thistle  grows  at  his  feet.  His 
head  is  outside  the  picture,  but  he  is  saying ; 

20 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

My  Sons  lett  Intrest  be  your  God 
&  crouch  beneath  the  premiers  nod 
Nor  lett  the  loss  of  honest  name 
Impede  your  daring  rise  to  fame. 

On  the  south  side  of  the  Tweed  (r.)  are  four  Scotsmen,  variously  clad 
in  tartan,  all  with  thistles  in  their  caps.  The  first  two  are  back  to  back  and 
are  dancing  a  Scottish  reel,  with  satisfied  smiles ;  one  is  singing : 

Over  the  water  &'  over  the  lee 

&  over  the  water  to  .  .  .  [Charley]. 

In  front  of  this  pair  walks  a  man  in  a  tartan  plaid  and  bare  legs ;  he  carries 
his  tartan  breeches  on  a  pole  across  his  shoulder;  they  are  labelled  Instruc- 
tions for  Members  of  P 1.    He  may  be  intended  for  Dundas,  through 

whom  the  Scottish  patronage  was  exercised,  and  who  managed  the  elections 
of  Scotjtish  M.P.S  and  representative  peers.  The  foremost  figure  on  the 
extreme  r.  supports  himself  on  two  sticks ;  he  is  saying  Thanks  to  my  Wise 
Nephew  for  this  journey.  He  is  probably  Lord  Adam  Gordon,  uncle  of  the 
fourth  Duke  of  Gordon,  M.P.  jfor  Kincardineshire  and  conmiander  of  the 
forces  in  Scotland.  In  the  background  four  shadowy  figures  on  a  small 
scale  represent  other  Scots  on  the  way  to  Westminster,  two  of  them  carry 
their  breeches  on  sticks  over  their  shoulders. 

A  satire  on  the  poverty  of  Scotland  and  the  subservience  and  self- 
interest  of  Scottish  M.P.S.  For  the  allegation  of  Jacobitism  cf.  No.  5667. 
8xi2|  in. 

6391  SCOTCH  ELOQUENCE  OR  THE  DETERMINATION  OF  A 
LOYAL  KINGDOM. 

/.  C.  del  [?  Cruikshank.] 

Published  according  to  Act  of  Pari*  Jany  30*^  1784 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.)  holds  a  standard  inscribed  The  Protector's  Standard. 
On  the  top  of  its  staff  is  a  cock,  cf.  No.  6564.  Behind  him  is  a  crowd 
of  his  supporters,  on  a  small  scale  but  with  standards  inscribed  Confus[ed\ 
order ^  Vox  Populiy  Anarchy,  and  mobility.  He  holds  his  hat  in  one  hand. 
Confronting  him  (r.)  is  a  Scots  officer  in  a  Highland  regiment,  drawing  his 
sword.  Behind  the  Scot  is  a  table  on  which  is  a  crown  inscribed  This  Pll 
ever  deffend.  Behind  is  a  pyramid. 

One  of  the  few  prints  favourable  to  the  Scots,  cf.  No.  5534.  The  Scot 
probably  represents  the  attitude  of  Scottish  M.P.S  in  general,  see  No. 
6390.  *M^  Adam'  is  written  in  an  old  hand,  but  Adam,  in  spite  of  his  duel 
with  Fox,  see  No.  5575,  was  a  firm  adherent  of  the  Coalition.  Dundas 
would  be  possible.  For  Fox  as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380,  &c.  For  the  contest 
in  Parliament  between  Pitt  and  Fox,  No.  6373,  &c. 
7ixiiiin. 

6392  THE   FOUL   FIEND   DISCOVERD   OR  THE   GUARDIAN 
ANGEL  OF  BRITAIN  UNMASKING  THE  DEVIL 

T  [or  JI  C  1784  [  ?  Cruikshank.]  [c.  Jan.] 

Publish  [sic'\  according  to  Act  of  Parliament 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  angel  (1.)  seizes  Fox  by  the  r.  arm, 
and  removes  a  mask  (of  his  own  features)  from  his  face,  revealing  the  face 

21 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

of  a  devil,  which  from  its  bushy  eyebrows  and  long  nose  has  a  certain 
resemblance  to  Fox.  To  ward  off  the  angel,  Fox,  who  has  talons  in  place 
of  finger-nails,  holds  out  his  1.  hand.  He  has  a  barbed  tail;  a  fox's  brush, 
just  cut  off,  lies  on  the  ground.  The  angel  is  probably  intended  for  Pitt, 
though  the  characterization  is  vague. 

In  the  background  (r.)  is  a  fire  in  whose  flames  are  the  figures  of  three 
minute  demons;  two  demons  with  webbed  wings  fly  between  Fox  and  the 
fire;  one  has  the  features  of  Burke,  the  other  appears  intended  for  North. 

For  Fox  as  Satan  cf.  No.  6383,  &c. 
711x81  in. 

6393  [FRONTISPIECE  TO  'THE  BEAUTIES  OF  FOX,  NORTH, 
AND  BURKE']  [Jan.  1784^] 

Engraving.  Design  in  a  circle.  A  group  of  three  bust  portraits,  that  of 
Fox  (1.)  facing  T.Q.  to  r.,  Burke  slightly  behind  him,  and  looking  in  the 
same  direction.  North  in  profile  to  the  r. 

The  pamphlet  consisted  of  quotations  from  the  speeches  of  the  three 
politicians  before  the  Coalition,  violently  attacking  each  other,  cf.  No. 
6187,  &c.  See  also  Nos.  6365,  6369,  6399,  6609,  6615. 

4I  in.  diam. 

A  copy  of  this  print  (diam.  4I  in.)  is  a  heading  to  broadsides  on  the 
Westminster  Election.  (In  collection  of  squibs,  &c.,  in  the  Guildhall 
Library.) 

6393  A  Another  impression,  the  heading  to  an  advertisement  of  the  third 
edition  of  the  book,  Feb.  1784.  The  advertisement  heads  a  large  sheet  of 
three  closely-printed  columns,  giving  an  exhaustive  and  attractive  table  of 
contents. 

This  'celebrated  Index'  was  said  to  have  been  used  with  great  effect  in 
the  elections.  Morning  Posty  6  Apr.  1784. 

Size  of  bill,  22f  X  11  in.  (margins  perhaps  cut). 

This  has  the  word  frontispiece  engraved  above  the  design,  which  has 
been  cut  off  No.  6393. 

6393  B  A  copy  issued  as  the  frontispiece  to  the  'Beauties  and  Deformities 
of  Fox,  North,  and  Burke',  an  amalgamation  of  the  'Beauties  .  .  .'  with 
'The  Deformities  of  Fox  and  Burke',  both  books  being  published  by 
J.  Stockdale.  To  this  is  attached  another  print,  see  No.  641 1,  the  whole 
making  a  folding  frontispiece : 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Febv  16.  1784,  by  J,  Stockdale, 

3I  in.  diam.  B.M.L.  12301.  b.  14. 

6393  c  A  copy  in  woodcut  called  the  cerberus  is  on  the  last  of  four  folio 
pages,  as  the  heading  to  an  index  of  'The  Beauties'  in  four  columns,  not 
identical  with  that  of  No.  6393  A.    Beneath  is  engraved: 

Cerberus  hcec  ingens  latratu  regna  trifauci 

Personat,  &c.  &c — Virg 
On  the  other  pages  are  a  review  of  the  book  from  the  English  Review  for 
Feb.  1784;  an  address  by  Josiah  Tucker,  dated  i  March  1784,  on  the 

'  The  preface  is  dated  9  Ian.  1784. 

22 


I 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

'Cardinal  Point'  between  the  king  and  the  House  of  Lords  on  one  side 
and  the  House  of  Commons  on  the  other;  a  Hst  of  M.P.s  divided  into 
those  who  supported  Mr.  Pitt  and  the  Constitution,  and  those  who  voted 
against  him,  dated  19  March  1784.  This  was  election  propaganda,  pub- 
hshed  by  Stockdale,  Trice  6d.  each;  il.  is.  per  Hundred,  or  81.  8s.  per 
Thousand'. 

4f  in.  diam.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  22,  fo.  3. 

6394  THE  RISE  OF  INDIA   STOCK,   &   SINKING   FUND   OF 
OPPRESSION.  [c.  Jan.  1784] 

Published  as  y^  act  directs 

Engraving.  George  III  stands  facing  a  large  pair  of  scales,  the  beam 
inscribed  Right  weighed  against  Oppression.  He  is  in  back  view,  his  head 
turned  in  profile  to  the  r. ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  sword  inscribed  Perogative 
with  which  he  has  just  cut  the  three  supports  of  the  r.-hand  scale  which 
falls  upside  down;  North  and  Fox,  holding  the  severed  supports,  fall  head 
downwards  towards  a  pool  inscribed  Mire  of  Opposition.  The  king  says, 
To  preserve  Justice ^  Villainy  must  fall.  In  the  other  scale  (1.)  is  the  India 
HousCy  its  fa9ade  roughly  depicted;  this  is  supported  by  the  king's  1.  hand, 
his  arm  being  inscribed  Government  Security.  The  three  supports  of  this 
scale  are  inscribed  Rights ^  Charters  &  Privileges.  \  Sovreign  protection^  and 
Laws  defence.  The  three  supports  of  the  other  scale  are  Possession  of 
Property y  held  by  Fox,  Love  of  Power,  held  by  North,  and  Influence  & 
Oppression  held  by  both.  Fox  says  This  is  the  most  dirty  fall,  I  ever  had; 
North  says  /  am  fallen,  never  to  rise  again. 

The  date  of  this  may  be  any  time  after  the  defeat  of  the  India  Bill  in  the 
Lords,  cf.  Nos.  6286,  6368,  &c.,  and  before  the  dissolution  of  Parliament 
on  24  March,  it  was  probably  issued  early  in  1784. 

One  of  several  prints  approving  the  king's  action  against  the  India  Bill, 
see  No.  6409,  &c. 
i3fX9|in. 

6395  AMBITIO 

/  B  [J.  Boyne.]  [Plate,  i] 

Publish,d  by  E.  Hedges  N""  g2  Cornhill  Feb  i.  iy84 

Engraving.  Fox  dressed  as  an  Eastern  prince,  in  Turkish  trousers,  a 
striped  tunic,  and  a  long  robe  which  trails  on  the  ground.  He  stands  looking 
over  his  r.  shoulder  with  an  arrogant  expression,  his  r.  hand  on  his  hip,  a 
rolled  document,  evidently  the  India  Bill,  held  out  in  his  1.  hand.  For 
Fox's  ambition,  cf.  No.  6380,  &c.  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  6396,  6433, 
6472. 

7AX4iiin. 

6395  a     [CARLO  KHAN] 

/  B  [J.  Boyne.]  Plate,  i 

An  earlier  impression  of  No.  6395,  without  imprint,  the  title  written  in  ink. 
For  Fox  as  Carlo  Khan  see  Nos.  6276,  6285,  6462,  &c. 

23 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6396  IGNAVIA 

/  B  [J.  Boyne.]  Plate  2. 

Puhlis.d  by  E.  Hedges  N^  g2  Cornhill  Febv  1 1^84 

Engraving.  North  seated  in  a  chair  asleep,  facing  the  spectator,  head  rest- 
ing on  his  r.  shoulder.  He  wears  Turkish  trousers  and  is  wrapped  in  a 
long  voluminous  robe  (symbolizing  the  India  Bill,  see  No.  6368,  &c.) 
similar  to  that  worn  by  Fox  in  No.  6395,  a  companion  print. 

7AX4iiin. 

6397  THE  GRAND  CRICKET  MATCH  [i  Feb.  1784.] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler* s  Magazine.  A  game  of  cricket.  The  bats- 
man, Dorset  (r.),  wears  riding-boots  and  stands  with  his  back  to  the  bowler, 
looking  over  his  r.  shoulder;  he  says,  My  Notches  against  any  Man  in 
France  for  1000.  The  bowler,  who  wears  jack-boots,  says,  Begar  me  vill 
knock  down  his  Stumps.  There  are  five  fieldsmen,  one  American,  the 
others  French;  they  say  (1.  to  r.):  Me  vill  catch  him  out  at  first  Stroke;  He 
plays  well  at  de  Cricket y  he  be  one  very  good  Ambassadeur;  He  be  very  clever 
at  getting  de  Notches;  He  no  speak  in  de  Senate  but  he  be  one  bon  Cricketer. 
The  last  fieldsman  has  a  tuft  of  feathers  on  his  head  showing  he  is  American ; 
he  says.  If  you  play' d  for  13  Provinces  you' d  lose. 

A  satire  on  the  appointment  of  the  Duke  of  Dorset  as  ambassador  to 
France,  see  No.  6370.  He  was  a  noted  cricketer.  The  text  satirizes  his  lack 
of  esprit  and  political  capacity. 
3ix6i|in. 

6398  THE  RIVAL  QUACKS. 

Pu¥  as  y  Act  directs  Febv  2  1784  by  B  Walwyn  N"*  2  Pedlars  Acre 
WesV  Bridge. 

Engraving.  Two  adjacent  stages,  on  which  stand  the  quack  doctors,  Pitt  (1.) 
and  Fox  (r.),  addressing  the  mob,  each  with  his  assistant  and  his  zany,  and 
each  protected  by  an  umbrella  supported  on  a  long  slanting  pole.  Pitt's 
umbrella  is  inscribed  D^  Pittardo^  his  stage  (1.)  is  inscribed  Rigestir  \sic'\ 
Office  where  Servants  may  hear  of  good  places .  He  stands  in  the  attitude  of 
an  orator,  his  hat  in  his  hand.  On  the  front  of  his  stage,  their  legs  dangling, 
sit  his  assistants :  the  Duke  of  Richmond  (1.),  his  Garter  ribbon  inscribed 
RichmondunguSy  holds  out  a  bill  in  each  hand.  Receipt  Tax  Repeald  and 
Youth  an  Enormous  Crime.  For  the  unpopular  Receipt  Tax  see  No.  6243, 
&c.  At  the  other  side  sits  the  zany,  then  the  usual  attendant  of  the  itinerant 
quack  doctor  (cf.  No.  8183);  he  is  smiling  and  appears  to  be  dipping  a 
spoon  into  a  box  inscribed  Treasury.^  His  hat  is  inscribed  Sec^ 
showing  that  he  is  George  Rose,  re-appointed  Secretary  to  the 
by  Pitt. 

Fox  stands,  holding  his  hat,  his  1.  fist  raised.  His  umbrella  is 
D^  Renardo  &c.'y  on  its  apex  is  a  small  fox  standing  on  its  head, 
form  (r.)  is  inscribed  The  Art  of  Gaming  taught  &  Practised  in  all  its 
Branches  by.  His  zany,  sitting  on  the  1.  corner  of  the  platform,  is  iBurke, 
his  hat  inscribed  BurkobuSy  a  rosary  hanging  from  his  waist  indicating  the 
Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026).  He  holds  out  a  bill  in  each  hand  inscribed  To  the 

'  He  is  perhaps  banging  on  a  salt-box,  cf.  No.  7067. 

24  i 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Independent  Electors  of  West —  and  An  Address  to  his  M y.  At  the  back 

of  the  stage,  facing  the  spectators  behind  it,  sits  North,  his  Garter  ribbon 
inscribed  Punch  Lethargo.  He  wears  a  bag-wig,  but  his  paunch,  outlined 
with  buttons,  indicates  Punch.  He  holds  out  a  bottle  labelled  Cathartic 
Drops,  in  the  other  hand  is  a  bill.  Motion  Pills  for  Members. 

In  front  are  the  heads  and  shoulders  of  the  audience,  a  bald  head  in  front 
of  Fox  inscribed  An  MT  [empty]  house  indicates  Sam  House.  In  the  back- 
ground buildings  are  freely  sketched.  Behind  Pitt  is  the  India  house \  three 
small  figures  stand  on  its  roof  waving  their  hats.  In  the  centre,  between 
Pitt  and  Fox,  is  S*^  Stephens. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c. 

6|XiOi|in. 

6399  THE  COALITION  BALLOON,  1784. 

Pu¥  by  E.  Dachery  as  y^  act  directs  Feby  2^  17S4,  S^  James's  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  (with  a  fox's  head)  and  North  are  being  dragged  into  the 
air  by  ropes  hanging  from  a  circular  balloon  and  attached  to  their  necks ; 
their  heads  hang  limply.  Long  scrolls  issue  from  their  mouths.  North 
saying.  Would  I  might  be  Hang'd,  To  be  Hang'd  with  you  my  Dear  with 
yoUy  Fox  saying,  &  I  would  so  too. 

The  scene  is  the  riverside,  a  bank  in  the  foreground  (r.)  being  crowded 
with  men,  waving  their  hats  and  huzzaing;  twelve  labels  which  issue  from 
them  being  inscribed  respectively  r.  to  1.:  Huzza,  O  be  Joyfull  \  Huzza; 
Huzza  [twice]  |  Huzza;  Old  England  for  ever  \  There  they  go,  good  luck  go 
with  them.  Huzza;  Huzza.  \  Huzza;  Huzza.  \  Huzza;  poor  Devils,  how 
richly  they  deserve  their  fate  \  Huzza  ;  it  is  a  pity  they  were  not  Hang'd  7 
Years  ago.  \  Never  did  Rope  fit  better  \  &  never  was  exaltation  more  proper  \ 
what  Joy  to  poor  old  England.  \  Huzza;  Huzza.  A  curve  of  the  river  shows 
a  crowd  of  spectators  in  the  distance,  there  are  boats  with  flags  as  if  for 
a  regatta,  and  on  the  farther  side  of  the  water  the  buildings,  including 
(?)  St.  Paul's  and  the  Tower,  are  flying  flags. 

Inset  in  the  design  is  a  rectangle  (r.)  inscribed  This  Print  is  most  Humbly 
Inscribed  to  by  his  most  obedient  Humble  Servant  James 

Mackdoodle. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  see  Nos.  6286,  &c., 
6365,  6369,  6405,  6409,  6414,  6419,  6443,  6448,  6450,  6454,  6455,  6458, 
6489,  6673,  6674.  Cf-  No.  6373,  &c. 
7^X1  if  in. 

6400  POLITICAL  GAME  OF  SHUTTLECOCK  OR  FLUCTUA- 
TION OF  INDIA  STOCK 

Pu¥  as  y^  act  directs  Feby  3  1784  by  B.  Walwyn  N"^  2  Pedlars  Acre 
WesV  Bridge 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  playing  battledore 
and  shuttlecock  with  the  East  India  House,  which  is  in  the  air  between 
them,  upside  down,  its  roof  inscribed  India  House,  a  small  figure  of  the 
king,  wearing  his  crown,  holding  to  its  side.  Pitt's  battledore  is  inscribed 
Royal  Confidence,  that  of  Fox,  Majority. 

Behind  Fox,  in  the  middle  distance,  stands  the  Devil  holding  a  trident, 
and  farther  off",  two  small  demons.    The  sun  is  setting  behind  them,  a  face 

25 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

in  its  disk.  In  the  centre  of  the  horizon  is  a  precipitous  mound  inscribed 
Mount  of  Power  with  the  Temple  of  Fame  on  its  summit.  The  road  up  to 
this  from  the  ground  is  inscribed  Road  of  true  Patriotism  Now  Untrode. 
The  temple  is  irradiated. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  Its  condemnation  of  both  parties  is  excep- 
tional. Cf.  Nos.  6387,  6428. 
8i^Xi3in. 

6401  POLITICAL  SCULPTERS. 

Published  by  E.  Hedges  N^"  92  Cornhill  Febv  3  1^84 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.)  chisels  a  bust  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  while  North  (r.) 
turns  aside  to  sharpen  a  chisel  on  a  stone.  The  bust,  in  profile  to  the  1., 
stands  on  a  rectangular  pedestal  inscribed  Extremly  docile,  easy  moddeVd 
into  Vice  and  exceeding  soft  about  the  head.  The  intention  of  the  portrait  is 
realistic,  but  the  likeness  is  poor.  Fox  kneels  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  chisel 
resting  on  the  bust  is  inscribed  Vice,  in  his  r.  hand  he  raises  a  mallet 
inscribed  Distruction;  he  has  a  complacent  expression.  North  kneels  on 
the  r.  side  of  the  bust  directed  to  the  r.,  frowning  with  an  expression  of 
angry  distress. 

See  also  No.  6971,  &c.  For  the  relations  of  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales 
cf.  Nos.  6231,  &c.,  6375,  6377,  6383,  6439,  6451,  6468,  6528,  6535,  6546, 
6585,  6593,  6771,  6772,  6782,  681 1,  6928,  &c.,  6974,  7162.  See  also  prints 
on  the  Regency,  No.  7377,  &c. 
7fXiiiin. 

6402  THE  INFANT  HERCULES. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pub^  Feby  f  1784  by  W.  Humphrey  N^  227  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt,  as  a  naked  infant 
seated  on  a  circular  shield  inscribed  Shield  of  Chatham,  grasps  by  the  neck 
twin  serpents;  one  has  the  head  of  Fox  (1.),  the  other  that  of  North.  Fox 
has  an  expression  of  contempt.  North  one  of  distress ;  their  bodies,  the  tips 
of  which  have  been  already  cut  off,  extend  (1.)  from  the  shield  intertwined, 
that  of  Fox  being  inscribed  East  India  Bill,  that  of  North,  American  War. 
Pitt,  whose  chubby  childish  face  has  no  resemblance  to  that  of  the  Minister, 
gazes  straight  before  him,  saying  These  were  your  Ministers. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  struggle  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution  of  Parliament,  see  No.  6373,  &c. 

Similar  in  intention  and  character  to  No.  6403. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  115. 
7lfXi2f  in. 

6403  BRITTANNIA  ROUSED,  OR  THE  COALITION  MONSTERS 
DESTROYED  [3  Feb.  1784]^ 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.   Britannia,  a  massive  giantess,  has  seized  Fox  in  her  r.  hand, 

North  in  her  1.,  and  is  dashing  them  to  destruction.  She  holds  Fox  above 

'  So  dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins  and  Grego. 

26 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

her  head  by  the  r.  ankle  while  she  grasps  North  round  the  neck.  Their  open 
mouths  and  outstretched  arms  express  terror.  She  is  a  draped  figure,  nude 
from  the  waist  upwards,  cut  off  below  the  knees  by  the  margin  of  the  print. 
Her  shield  and  cap  of  Liberty  on  its  staff  are  beside  her  (1.).  A  streaming 
cloak  and  freely  sketched  clouds  add  to  the  sense  of  rapid  movement. 

Similar  in  intention  and  character  to  No.  6402. 

Reissued,  History  of  the  Westminster  Election y  p.  95. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  116  (reproduction). 
9fX7iiin. 

6404  DISSOLUTION 

Pu¥  as  y'  Act  directs  Febv  6  1784  by  B.  Walwyn  N""  2  Pedlars  Acre 
West'  Bridge. 

Engraving.  The  king  sits  in  a  four-wheeled  open  car  supported  on  clouds, 
hurling  thunderbolts  inscribed  Thunder  of  Disolution^  at  Fox,  North,  and 
Burke  (1.)  who  are  falling  into  an  abyss  from  which  flames  arise.  The  king 
is  in  profile  to  the  1.  wearing  a  crown;  three  other  crowns  fall  from  him 
after  the  dismissed  Ministers,  while  a  fourth,  broken,  and  inscribed  India^ 
has  fallen  from  Fox's  head.  The  car  is  propelled  from  behind  by  a  chain  of 
four  nien  who  push  each  other's  shoulders ;  the  foremost  is  Pitt,  inscribed 
P,  next  is  a  man  inscribed  J".,  poorly  characterized  and  representing  either 
Thurlow  or  Temple  (who  resigned  23  Dec.  1783).  Next  comes  Richmond, 
inscribed  R. ;  Sydney,  inscribed  *S.,  is  last.  The  chair  is  about  to  fall  from 
its  supporting  clouds  into  the  abyss ;  its  hind  wheel  is  inscribed  Mon  Droit 
and  four  of  its  spokes  are  axes. 

George  III,  by  the  rash  use  of  his  prerogative  of  dissolution,  seems  about 
to  follow  the  Coalition  Ministry  to  disaster.  At  this  time  the  Foxites  were 
protesting  against  the  Crown's  prerogative  of  dissolution.  Russell,  Corr,  of 
Fox,  ii.  230;  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  303,  &c.  See  No.  6373,  &c. 
9-1X13 1  in. 

6405  GEORGE  AND  THE  DRAGON. 

Pu¥  as  the  act  directs  Febv  7  1784  by  B.  Walwyn  N"  2  Pedlars  Acr 
\sic\  WesV  Bridge 

Engraving.  George  III  on  horseback,  about  to  strike  down  a  three-headed 
dragon,  with  the  heads  of  Fox,  North,  and  Burke,  which  is  under  the  hoofs  of 
his  rearing  horse.  The  monster  has  webbed  wings  with  a  serpent-like  body, 
its  tail  is  barbed,  and  from  the  mouth  of  each  head  issues  a  barbed  dart. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6399,  ^^•> 
several  directly  indicating  the  popularity  of  the  king's  action,  see  Nos.  6285, 
6286,  6368,  6394,  6409,  6419,  6441,  6443,  6466,  6512,  6601. 
7jXiof  in. 

6406  BILLY  LACKBEARD  AND  CHARLEY  BLACKBEARD  PLAY- 
ING AT  FOOTBALL. 

B  [Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Feby  f^  1784  by  W.  Humphrey  AT^  227  Strand. 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  stand  facing  each  other  in  profile,  each 
with  his  1.  leg  raised,  and  looking  up  at  the  India  House,  upside-down  in 

27 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  air,  which  they  are  treating  as  a  football.  Pitt  is  slim  and  elegant; 
behind  him  on  a  reading-desk  is  an  open  volume  inscribed  Blackstone^  to 
show  that  Pitt  (a  barrister)  had  studied  law.  Behind  Fox  a  table  is  partly 
visible  showing  dice-box  and  dice;  at  his  feet  are  playing-cards. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  For  Fox's  India  Bill,  see  Nos.  6271,  6368, 
&c.  Pitt's  first  India  Bill  was  defeated  on  23  Jan.  by  a  majority  of  eight 
only,  and  Fox  obtained  leave  to  bring  in  a  new  India  Bill.  Cf .  No.  6462 ; 
Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  392  ff.;  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^  pp.  162-3. 

Grego,  Gillray^  i.  117. 
8|Xi2jin. 

6407  ANTICIPATION 

Second  Sketch — Published  Fehv  9.1  iy84  as  the  act  directs  by  S  Fores 
iV^  3  Piccadilly 

Etching  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions). ,  Fox  (1.)  and  North  (r.), 
stripped  to  the  waist,  are  engaged  in  a  pugilistic  encounter.  Fox's  torso  is 
so  hairy  that  it  suggests  the  effect  of  tarring  and  feathering.  They  stand 
in  profile  with  clenched  fists.  Fox's  left  being  near  North's  nose ;  both  are 
fat,  clumsy,  and  muscular. 

Above  Fox's  head  is  etched, 

Thiis  let  me  wipe  dishonor  from  my  name^ 

And  hurl  thee  from  the  earthy  thou  stain  to  goodness — 

Above  North's, 

Perdition  take  thee,  villainy  for  thy  falshood! 
Now  nothing  but  thy  life  can  make  atonement 

There  was  no  foundation  for  the  suggestion  of  antagonism  between  Fox 
and  North.  Cf.  No.  6393. 

Other  prints  in  this  series  are  Nos.  6388,  6412. 

7jX7ftin. 

6408  THE  HISTORICAL  PAINTER 

W,  D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Cattermouly  N"*  3y6  Oxford  Street,  Feb. 
10*^  1784, 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  Cromwell,  in  a  travesty  of  seventeenth-century  dress, 
paints  a  picture  of  the  execution  of  Charles  I.  The  picture  is  supported 
at  an  angle  on  a  table  or  stand  and  rests  against  the  wall.  Fox's  palette  is 
the  base  of  a  crown,  his  brush  is  a  sceptre,  the  point  of  which  he  holds 
against  the  head  of  the  prostrate  king. 

The  picture  represents  the  king  face  downwards,  six  men  standing 
behind  him,  one  the  headsman  with  an  axe,  another  a  man  holding  an  open 
book.  The  background  is  the  fa9ade  of  the  Banqueting  House.  In  the 
foreground  are  two  symmetrical  rows  of  flat  circular  hats  representing  the 
heads  of  spectators.  The  frame  is  inscribed  Outlines  and  (below)  Jaw.  30. 

Fox  wears  a  cloak,  slashed  doublet  and  breeches,  a  high-crowned  hat 

*  For  an  unpublished  print  dated  9  Feb.  see  No.  8244. 
28 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

in  which  a  large  fox's  brush  takes  the  place  of  a  feather ;  this  is  inscribed 
The  Man  of  Moderation.  He  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  painting  with  a 
complacent  expression.  Behind  him  stands  Justice  (1.)  with  her  sword 
(inscribed  Justice)  raised  to  strike.  In  her  1.  hand  she  holds  scales ;  in  the 
higher  scale  (r.)  sits  a  fox,  which  is  much  outweighed  by  the  other,  inscribed 
Loyalty.  She  stands  in  front  of  a  pillar  inscribed  Pro  rege^  lege,  grege.  In 
the  foreground,  in  front  of  Fox,  lies  a  sword  partly  drawn  from  the 
scabbard,  its  blade  inscribed  Commonwealth.  Against  its  hilt  is  propped 
an  open  book,  Patriotism  by  C.  Cromwell.  A  cat  of  demon-like  appearance 
crouches  towards  the  book. 

Another  picture  hangs  above  that  on  which  he  is  working.  It  represents 
a  fox  (1.)  standing  on  its  hind  legs  and  presenting  a  document  inscribed 
Independence  to  America  in  the  guise  of  an  Indian  brave  (r.) ;  it  holds  the 
cap  of  Liberty  on  a  staff.  Behind  the  fox  is  a  setting  sun;  another  (?  rising) 
sun  shines  down  upon  the  Indian ;  both  have  faces. 

One  of  many  satires  representing  Fox  as  Cromwell.    See  No.  6380,  &c. 
For  Fox  and  America  cf.  No.  5987. 
8ix8|in. 

6409  THE  DIVIDEND  OR  HALF  A  CROWN  IN  THE  POUND 
Pub  Feby  12  1784  by 

Engraving.  George  III  sits  in  a  small  rectangular  enclosure  or  pound 
formed  on  three  sides  by  horizontal  rails,  three  corner-posts  being  serpents 
with  the  heads  of  Fox,  North,  and  Burke.  On  each  rail  is  the  word 
Faction ;  the  body  of  Burke  (1.)  is  inscribed  Deceit^  of  Fox,  Ambitiony  of 
North  (r.).  Envy;  to  the  back  of  each  neck  is  attached  a  pair  of  wings.  The 
fourth  side  of  the  pound  is  a  stone  wall,  on  which  is  a  sign  with  a  hand 
pointing  The  way  to  the  House  of  L . 

The  king  is  seated  in  profile  to  the  1.  on  a  pumpkin-shaped  seat  inscribed 
Preroga\tiv€\ ;  he  wears  an  ermine-trimmed  robe  but  no  crown.  He  says, 
/  will  maintain  my  Dignity  tho^  I  have  But  Half  a  Crown  left.  At  his  feet  lies 
a  crown  (half-obscured  by  Fox's  serpentine  tail)  and  a  broken  sceptre.  The 
tails  of  Fox  and  North  are  knotted  together;  that  of  Burke  touches  that 
of  Fox. 

In  the  background  (r.)  is  Fox  as  a  fox,  walking  on  his  hind  legs  and  lead- 
ing a  number  of  asses  by  a  string  attached  to  their  noses.  A  signpost  shows 
that  they  are  going  To  oblivion.  The  asses  say  /  am  a  representative  and 
we  are  all  trew  members.  This  group,  which  is  on  a  minute  scale,  is 
inscribed  S^  Stephen's  Plain. 

One  of  several  satires  indicating  the  popularity  of  the  king's  action  in 
the  defeat  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6405,  &c. 
7^5X11  in.  (pi.). 

6410  THE  GHOST  OF  OLIVER  CROMWELL 
Published  by  E.  Hedges  N°  g2  Cornhill,  Febv  14^^  1784 

Engraving.  A  witch  seated  beside  her  cauldron  evokes  the  ghost  of  Crom- 
well, who  rises  from  clouds  (1.)  wearing  armour  to  look  fiercely  at  Fox 
(r.)  who  stands  horror-struck,  hands  held  out,  the  hair  rising  on  his  head. 
The  witch,  a  thin  hag  naked  to  the  waist,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  points  towards 
Cromwell,  who  has  a  fixed  and  angry  scowl.  Her  cauldron  is  ornamented 
with  a  skull  and  grotesque  masks.  The  background  is  shaded  to  indicate 

29 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  dark  cavern,  a  ghostly  wind  being  suggested  by  the  swirHng  draperies  and 
hair  of  the  witch.  The  hght  radiates  from  Cromwell  and  his  armour,  falling 
on  the  witch  and  Fox. 

One  of  many  satires  in  which  Fox  is  compared  to  Cromwell,  see  No. 
6380,  &c.  For  the  ghost  of  Cromwell  see  also  No.  6006. 
7jXi2|in. 

6411  FRONTISPIECE.  [16  Feb.  1784] 
Design' d  at  Brookes' s.                             Executed  at  S*  James's  Palace. 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  'The  Beauties  and  Deformities  of  Fox, 
North,  and  Burke'.  Fox,  North,  and  Burke  chain  and  blindfold  the  British 
Lion  who  wears  a  royal  crown.  Fox  (1.)  stoops  to  put  the  chain  round  his 
neck.  North  (c.)  kneels  placing  a  bandage  over  his  eyes.  Burke  (r.)  stands 
holding  the  chain,  a  key,  and  a  padlock.  In  the  background  stands  Pitt, 
holding  the  hand  of  Britannia  who,  contrary  to  custom,  wears  a  feathered 
hat.  Behind  him  the  (rising)  sun,  half  below  the  horizon,  a  face  in  its  disk, 
sends  out  rays. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Coalition  as  usurping  the  prerogative  of  the 
Crown,  cf.  Nos.  6237,  6409. 

In  the  book  (B.M.L.  12301.  b.  14)  this  plate  is  pasted  to  a  reduced  copy 
of  No.  6393,  the  whole  forming  a  folding  frontispiece. 
6iX4f  in. 

6412  VISION  OF  JUSTICE  WITH  A  VIEW  OF  THE  HARMONIC 
SOCIETY 

Third  Sketch — Published  Feb^  18.  1784 — as  the  act  directs  by  S  Fores 
N''  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  Pitt  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  leaning  forward  and  stretching 
out  his  r.  hand  to  take  the  hilt  of  an  irradiated  sword,  which  descends 
towards  him  from  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design,  where  are  three  heads 
of  cherubs.  Pitt's  appearance  is  idealized;  he  has  a  profile  of  classical 
correctness,  the  attitude  of  a  stage  hero;  his  1.  hand  is  held  backwards  over 
a  circular  table  on  which  lies  a  book  inscribed  Locke  on  the  human  Under- 
standing. On  the  wall  behind  this  is  a  bust  portrait  of  Chatham,  wearing 
peer's  robes  and  a  tie-wig.  On  the  1.  of  the  wall  and  behind  the  sword  is 
an  open  sash-window,  through  which  is  seen  a  crowd  of  heads  with  a  banner 
inscribed  The  Harmonic  Society  \  they  are  Pitt's  opponents. 

As  in  the  other  prints  of  this  series,  the  words  of  the  speakers  are  etched 
in  very  small  script  over  or  beside  the  heads  of  the  speakers  The  three 
cherubs  address  Pitt,  the  first  saying, 

This  sword  of  Justice  take; 

And  as  thy  Father  uid  ity  so  do  thou 

Thy  King  and  Country^  now,  await  thy  strength. 

To  crush  the  vipers  that  would  ruin  both. 

God  save  great  George  your  King, 
The  second, 

Long  may  he  live  and  reign. 
The  third, 

God  save  your  King. 

30 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Pitt  says, 

Though  I  am  ignorant  in  the  ways  of  meny 

I  yet  can  boast  a  heart,  as  free  from  guilt 

As  any  be,  who  e^er  did  wield  this  sword; 

And  whilst  a  sinew  nerv'st  this  arm  of  mine. 

Or  whilst  my  veins  run  full  with  Chathams  bloody 

ril  save  my  Country y  and  my  King  with  truth; 

And  thus  I  take  it — to  support  them  both. 

The  members  of  the  'Harmonic  Society'  outside  the  window  are  singing, 
their  faces  in  profile  to  the  r.  and  looking  up  at  Pitt,  except  North  who  is 
full-face,  with  a  fixed  scowl.  Faint  dotted  lines  (confusedly)  connect  their 
words  with  their  mouths. 

North  sings,  oh  damn  Pitt's  limbs  and  eyes;  Fox,  who  is  next  him,  sings, 
O  Nicky  Nicky  now  arise;  Keppel  sings,  O  hear  our  call;  Burke,  wearing 
spectacles  and  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026),  sings.  Take  himy  and  *s  poli- 
ticks. An  almost  hidden  profile,  which  appears  to  belong  to  a  mitre, 
probably  that  of  Shipley,  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  sings,  That  he  mayn't  see 
our  tricks.  An  invisible  speaker  says.  Give  him  infernal  kicks.  Behind  (1.) 
are  Lord  John  Cavendish  and  the  Duke  of  Portland  (wearing  a  coronet), 
who  sings  Or  we  must  fall.  Prominent  in  the  foreground  is  Sheridan ;  a 
large  scroll  attached  to  his  neck  hangs  over  the  window-sill  inside  the  room; 
it  is  inscribed : 

We'll  ne'er  get  credit  more 
If  we've  no  place  in  store 

To  fee  a  dun 
What  will  the  People  say 
When  we  are  out  of  play 
And  cant  our  Tradesmen  pay 

Of  we're  undone. 
The  members  are  requested  to 
bring  as  many  Friends  as  possible. 

A  heavy  tasselled  curtain  drapes  the  side  of  the  window,  and  the  1.  side 
of  the  design. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  the  late  Coalition 
before  the  dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.   Other  plates  in  the  series  are 
Nos.  6388,  6407.  For  Pitt  as  Chatham's  son  see  No.  5984. 
ioix8^in. 

6413  THE  ATLAS  OF  THE  LANDED  INTEREST. 

JS  [Sayers.] 

Published  18^^  Febrv  1^84  by  Jos'  Bretherton 

Engraving.  Thomas  Powys,  M.P.  for  Northamptonshire,  walking  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  carries  on  his  shoulders  a  large  rectangular  bale,  corded,  and 
inscribed  Landed  Interest  For  M[^  Fo]x  at  Brookes' s  By  the  Carrier  from 
the  S^  Alban's.  He  is  very  thin  and  lanky,  his  buttoned  coat  descending 
nearly  to  his  ankles.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched: 

To  Pitt  by  Friendship  I  am  tied 

Yet  always  with  his  Foes  divide 

Wou'd  make  this  Son  of  England's  Glory 

A  creature  neither  Whig  nor  Tory 

31 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Wou'd  have  him  quit  his  high  Condition^ 
To  grovel  in  a  Coalition, 
Perswade  him  that  a  Tavern  Vote 
Shou'd  make  a  Premier  change  his  Note 
{A  vote  from  coalescing  Embers 
of  Faction,  more  than  County  Members) 
Thus  make  this  persevering  Elf 
As  inconsistent  as  myself. 

Powys  was  regarded  as  the  mouthpiece  of  the  independent  county 
members,  see  No.  5990.  He  took  a  leading  part  in  Jan.-Feb.  1784  in  the 
endeavour  to  effect  a  coahtion  between  Pitt  and  Fox,  the  first  step  being 
a  meeting  (26  Jan.),  at  the  St.  Alban*s  Tavern,  of  members  'distinguished 
for  high  character,  large  property,  and  acknowledged  uprightness  of  inten- 
tion', Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii.  278-80.  They  appointed  a  committee 
and  opened  negotiations  with  Pitt  and  Portland,  which  continued  inter- 
mittently till  I  March.  Ann.  Reg.,  1784-5,  pp.  265-72;  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv. 
450-1 ;  Russell,  Corr.  of  Fox,  ii.  233  ff.;  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival, 
pp.  164-6.  See  also  Nos.  6437,  6438,  6457,  6459,  6581,  6618. 
9ftx6iin.(pl.). 

6414  THE  RARA-AVIS  OR  THE  DEVIL  TURND  BIRD  CATCHER. 

Published  by  E.  Hedges  A^"  g2  Cornhill  Febv  19*^  1784 

Engraving.  The  Devil  is  about  to  hang  a  monster  with  the  heads  of  Fox 
and  North.  This  creature,  with  the  body  and  wings  of  a  goose  and  the 
legs  of  a  man,  has  the  head  of  Fox,  while  on  the  back  of  the  1.  thigh  is  the 
head  of  North.  The  scene  is  outside  the  gateway  of  the  TREASUR  Y,  sup- 
ported by  Corinthian  colunms.  Fox  stretches  out  his  goose's  neck  towards 
the  Treasury,  saying,  77/  stretch  my  long  Neck  and  get  in  if  I  can.  The  King, 
wearing  a  crown,  leans  out  of  a  window  immediately  over  the  gateway, 
saying.  Curse  on  those  who  would  ruin  their  Country  and  King. 

A  gallows  stands  in  front  of  the  gateway.  Fox  is  thrusting  his  neck 
through  it  in  his  efforts  to  reach  the  Treasury,  but  a  noose,  of  which  he 
seems  unaware,  is  round  his  neck ;  the  cord  from  it  passes  over  the  gallows 
and  is  held  by  the  Devil,  who  says,  answering  the  King,  /  zvill,  says  Old 
Nick,  for  they  are  now  in  the  string.  He  is  a  satyr,  powerfully  built,  with 
horns,  a  beard,  and  a  barbed  tail.  North,  whose  head  is  turned  r.,  looking 

away  from  Fox,  says,  /  am  d d  that  I  e^er  coelig'd  with  this  man.  His 

face  expresses  horror,  while  that  of  Fox  is  complacent.  A  row  of  buildings 
(r.),  at  r.  angles  with  the  treasury,  forms  a  background. 

An  illustration  of  the  (misplaced)  confidence  of  Fox  in  his  speedy  defeat 
of  Pitt.  Cf.  Russell,  Memorials  &  Corr.  of  Fox,  1853,  ii.  227.  For  the 
contest  in  Parliament  see  No.  6373,  &c.  For  the  part  taken  by  the  king 
cf.  No.  6405,  &c. 

64 1 5  THE  HEADS  OF  THE  MUTINY  BILL,  LAID  ON  THE  TABLE. 

Pu¥  Febv  20*^  1784,  by  E.  Darchery  S^  James's  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  On  an  oblong  cloth- 
covered  table  are  the  heads  of  Burke  (1.),  North  (c),  and  Fox  (r.).  In  front 
of  the  table  is  a  block  and  a  headsman's  axe,  above  which  are  the  words 

32 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Pro  bono  Publico.  Behind  the  table,  framed  by  lines  which  appear  to  repre- 
sent the  back  of  a  chair,  stands  the  Chancellor  (Thurlow)  in  profile  to  the 
r.,  saying,  Is  it  your  Lordships  opinion  that  these  Heads  be  now  Committed 
to  the  Polls  on  Temple  Bar?  The  Ayes  have  it 

A  satire  on  the  struggle  between  Fox  and  the  Ministry  over  a  dissolution, 
and  especially  on  Fox's  attempt  to  postpone  the  Mutiny  Bill,  see  Pari.  Hist. 
xxiv.  719  if.  See  No.  6373,  &c.  See  also  No.  8244. 
8JgX6|in. 

6416  PARADISE  REGAIN,D. 

SB  [Gillray.] 

London  Published  as  the  Act  Directs;  by  G  Humphrey  N'^  48  Long  Acre. 
London.  20  Feb  1784. 

A  reissue  of  No.  6319  with  an  altered  imprint.  Coloured  impression. 

6417  THE  TEMPLE  OF  PURITY,  OR,  MASTER  BILLY  PIT— I— 
FULL'S  INTRODUCTION. 

Annibal  Scratch  delin.  &  sculp.  [PCollings.] 

Pu¥forJo''  Cook  Fleet  Street,  Feb  21'^  1784 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  latrine  up  to  which  leads  a  flight  of  stairs  (r.) 
indicated  by  a  balustrade  inscribed  Back  Stair.  The  king  is  seated  on  a 
long  seat  inscribed  Treasury;  he  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  to  greet 
Temple  and  Pitt  who  have  just  entered  by  the  back  stair.  He  says  to  them 
iS  *  *  *  *  thou  on  my  right  hand  until  I  have  made  thine  Enemies  thy  Foot- 
stooly  waving  them  towards  a  vacant  seat  on  his  r.  hand.  In  his  1.  hand, 
on  the  floor,  and  on  the  seat  beside  him  are  papers  inscribed  respectively 
Resoluti[or{\  of  Parlm^  Resolution  of  y^  CommonSy  Commons  Resolution, 
Commons  Address.  Above  the  vacant  seat  is  pasted  a  H.L.  portrait,  the  head 
torn  off",  inscribed  Lord  Chatham. 

Temple,  with  a  smile,  introduces  Pitt  to  the  king,  holding  him  by  the 
lapel  of  his  coat;  in  his  1.  hand  is  the  dark  lantern  of  a  conspirator.  Pitt 
stands  shyly  hesitating  at  the  top  of  the  stairs,  watching  the  king  dubiously, 
his  1.  hand  in  his  waistcoat  pocket,  a  finger  in  his  mouth  (as  in  Nos.  6425, 
6445).  On  Temple's  head  is  a  circular  temple ;  he  wears  a  long  cloak,  con- 
fined at  the  waist  by  a  belt  inscribed  Secret  Influence  (the  second  word 
indicated  only).  From  the  back  of  his  neck  hangs  down  below  his  waist  a 
miniature  ladder,  indicating  the  secret  means  by  which  he  has  gained 
access  to  the  king.  He  looks  towards  the  king  with  a  triumphant  smile. 

Beneath  the  design  is  inscribed : 

The  fate  of  Publick  Spirit  and  the  stink 
Of  that  corrupted  Cause  whose  secret  powW 
Brought  *  *  *  *  [Pitt]  into  the  State,  and  all  his  mob 
With  loss  of  Honours  'till  one  greater  man 
Regain  them  and  restore  the  public  trust. 
Sing  Patriot  Muse! Milt. 

A  satire  on  the  message  from  the  king  to  the  Lords  given  by  Temple 
(17  Dec.  1783),  and  the  first  of  many  satires  on  the  'back  stairs'  by  which 
Pitt  achieved  office.   'Secret  influence'  was  the  subject  of  several  prints  by 

33  » 


V 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  same  artist,  see  Nos.  6425,  6438,  6445.  See  also  Nos.  6370, 6385, 6387, 
6418,  6436,  6444,  6464,  6492,  6515,  6564,  &c.,  6587,  6603,  6801.  Cf,  No. 
6373,  &c. 
7|Xi2^in. 

6418  THE  MODERN  FOX  CHACE— OR  THE  FOX  CHACING  THE 
HOUNDS  1784  [c.  Feb.  1784] 

[J.  Kay.] 

Engraving.  The  King  (1.)  stands,  arms  extended,  a  trowel  in  his  r.  hand, 
watching  a  fox  immediately  in  front  of  him  which  is  leaping  across  a  pit, 
representing  Pitt,  and  chasing  the  king's  hounds  (r.);  he  shouts  My 
hounds,  my  Pit!  my  Temple!  The  fox  (Charles  Fox)  has  a  ribbon  across  his 
body  inscribed  Liberty.  His  leap  has  shattered  a  small  rectangular  temple 
(1.)  with  Ionic  columns,  inscribed  Temple  of  Secret  influence.  Within  the 
temple  hangs  the  lantern  which  symbolizes  the  conspiratorial  influence  of 
Temple,  see  No.  6438.  Similar  lanterns  hang  from  the  collars  of  the  king's 
hounds  who  represent  the  Ministers.  Another  lantern,  on  which  the  fox 
is  urinating,  is  within  the  pit.  A  spade,  which  appears  to  have  been  just 
dropped  by  the  startled  king,  falls  into  the  pit,  which  is  inscribed  Vanity 
pit.  In  the  fox's  mouth  is  a  garment,  perhaps  just  torn  from  one  of  the 
king's  hounds,  which  turns  its  head  to  snarl;  it  wears  a  judge's  wig  and  is 
probably  intended  for  Thurlow.  Two  of  the  pack  are  coupled  with  a  chain, 
one  lies  on  its  back  on  the  edge  of  the  pit,  overthrown  by  Fox.  On  a 
raised  and  sloping  platform,  inscribed  Treasurery  [«c]  Benchy  close  to  the 
pit,  four  hounds,  on  a  smaller  scale  than  the  others,  instead  of  fleeing  before 
the  fox,  stand  barking  at  him.  A  bird  flies  (1.  to  r.)  above  the  dogs ;  a  label 
issuing  from  its  mouth  is  inscribed  Coalition^  infamous  Coalition. 

By  the  fox's  forelegs  is  the  base  of  a  falling  pillar  which  he  has  overthrown 
in  his  leaping  chase  and  which  had  stood  in  the  pit ;  it  is  inscribed  [Monu- 
ment] to  Eastern  Tyranny.  The  figure  of  a  naked  man  inscribed  Injustice 
falls  from  its  summit ;  he  holds  a  sword  in  his  1.  hand,  in  his  r.  is  a  pair  of  un- 
even scales,  in  one  of  which  he  puts  his  1.  foot.  The  capital  of  the  pillar  is 
decorated  with  a  sword  and  a  club  crossed ;  a  lantern  hangs  from  it  by  a  rope. 

On  the  extreme  1.  the  profile  and  hand  of  Lord  North  appear;  he  holds 
a  flag  inscribed  Boreas  and  blows  a  blast  which  propels  the  fox  on  his  chase 
after  the  hounds.  The  king  wears  a  crown  and  the  star  of  the  Garter. 

This  plate  was  probably  etched  when  the  supporters  of  Fox  and  North 
were  confident  that  they  would  shortly  overthrow  Pitt's  Ministry,  based, 
as  they  maintained,  on  the  secret  manoeuvres  of  Temple  and  the  vanity  of 
Pitt,  and  relying  on  the  parrot-cry  of  'infamous  Coalition'  (see  Nos.  6176-9, 
&c.).  For  the  contest  see  No.  6373,  &c.,  for  'secret  influence'  No.  6417,  &c. 

Collection,  No.  38. 
7Jxi4iin. 

6419  THE  BRITISH  TITANS. 
[PCollings.] 

Feby  23,  1784,   Pub.  by  W,  Wells,  N"  132  Opposite  Salisbury  Court, 
Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  George  III,  as  Jove,  holds  a  sheaf  of  thunderbolts  and  has  just 
hurled  Fox  from  the  clouds  into  an  abyss  in  which  are  Burke,  Lord  John 

34 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Cavendish,  and  North.  The  king  and  his  Ministers  stand  among  clouds; 
he  wears  classical  draperies  and  a  crown  inscribed  Prerogative.  An  eagle 
stretches  its  head  angrily  towards  the  falling  Fox. 

Immediately  above  Fox  stands  Pitt  wearing  a  laurel  wreath,  the  centre 
of  a  glory  of  rays,  his  arms  outstretched  in  the  attitude  of  an  orator. 
Between  Pitt  and  the  king,  his  1.  hand  on  Pitt's  shoulder,  stands  Barre,  to 
whom  Pitt  had  recently  given  the  clerkship  of  the  Pells,  instead  of  keeping 
it  for  himself,  in  lieu  of  Barre's  unpopular  pension  (see  No.  6028),  thereby 
acquiring  much  credit.  On  the  king's  r.,  directing  his  actions,  stands 
Thurlow,  in  wig  and  gown.  These  are  the  most  prominent  of  the  gods  in 
the  clouds.  On  each  side  of  Thurlow  is  a  head:  one  (1.)  probably  Lord 
Carmarthen  and  the  other  (r.)  Sydney  (Secretaries  of  State).  On  the  r.  (on 
Pitt's  I.)  is  an  elderly  clergyman,  possibly  Dean  Tucker,  and  on  the  extreme 
r.  the  Duke  of  Richmond  in  profile  to  the  1. 

Fox,  falling  through  the  air,  is  about  to  join  his  colleagues  below;  from 
his  1.  hand  drops  an  axe  inscribed  Faction.  Burke  (1.),  dressed  as  a  Jesuit 
(cf .  No.  6026),  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  grasping  a  rock  to  which  is  attached 
a  chain.  He  is  being  pushed  forward  by  a  grinning  demon  who  kneels 
behind  him.  Lord  John  Cavendish  crouches  on  the  ground  grasping 
Burke's  rock;  under  his  1.  hand  are  papers  inscribed  East  India  Bill  (see 
No.  6271,  &c.),  Receipt  Tax  (see  No.  6243,  &c.).  North  (r.)  kneels  grasping 
a  large  rock  with  both  hands. 

Beneath  the  design  is  inscribed : 

First  Typhon  strove  more  daring  than  the  resty 
With  impious  hands  the  imperial  bolts  to  wrest: 
Him  and  his  Crew  the  red  right  arm  ofjove, 
Doivn  to  their  native  Hell  irtdignant  drove. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  For  the  popularity  of  the  king's  intervention 
cf.  No.  6405,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6287  (10). 

6420  THE  PARLIAMENT  SAMPSON.  FIGHTING  WITH  HIS 
JAW. 

[?  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Barrow  Feb  23  1784,  White  Lion  Bull  stairs  Surrey  side 
Blackfriars 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  in  the  attitude  of  an  orator,  r.  arm  raised,  1.  arm 
by  his  side,  fists  clenched,  mouth  open,  looking  upwards.  He  faces  slightly 
to  the  1.  (cf .  No.  6054).  From  his  mouth  issue  the  words : 

That  I  afn  called  The  man  of  the  People  is  well  known^  and  is  as  equally 
just — I  am  resolved  to  support  their  voices^  rights^  atid  Liberties.  As  I  am  not 
able  to  do  this  by  being  only  a  Pratesman^  it  is  requisite  that  I  be  made  a 
Statesman^  and  indeed  placed  in  the  Treasury  to  be  a  close  guard  of  the 
Peoples  Treasure.  The  justness  of  ?ny  claim  to  this  honour  isy  my  beings  The 
man  of  the  People.  Till  this  Justice  and  honour  is  done  me,  and  this  essential 
service  is  done  the  People,  my  Opponents  may  expect  Researches,  Motions  and 
Harangues,  for  I  am  determined  with  my  Jaw  to  knock-down  all  before  me. 

The  background  is  a  panelled  room  and  boarded  floor,  the  lines  neatly 
ruled. 

35 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 
Beneath  the  design  six  verses  are  engraved,  the  first  and  last  being : 

1.  Some  conquer  by  swords. 

And  some  by  soft  words. 
And  others  by  Querks  of  the  Law; 

But  this  is  the  Man, 

That  carries  his  plan. 
And  all  by  the  power  of  his  Jaw, 

6.      The  new  Ministration, 

He  fills  with  Vexation, 
Both  Pitt  and  the  Lord  of  the  Law, 

He*ll  work  them  about. 

Till  he  works  them  all  out, 
And  works  himself  in  with  his  Jaw. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6479. 

Subject,  iox7|in.;  including  title  and  verses  14JX7I  in. 


6421  MR  FOX  APPEALLING  TO  HIS  CONSTITUENTS  FROM 
YE  KINGS  ARMS  TAVERN  PALACE  YARD  FERY  14  1784 

{c,  Feb.  1784] 
Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  at  the  open  first-floor  window  in  the  central  bay 
of  the  tavern,  addressing  a  crowd  which  is  indicated  by  a  few  upturned 
heads.  He  holds  out  his  1.  arm  and  looks  to  his  r.  Beneath  the  window  are 
the  words  The  King's  Arms  Tavern,^  and  on  the  1.  side  of  the  bay,  Coulson. 
A  meeting  of  Westminster  electors  was  held  on  14  Feb.  in  Westminster 
Hall,  to  consider  an  address  to  the  king  thanking  him  for  the  dismissal  of 
the  Coalition  Ministry.  Fox  and  Sir  Cecil  Wray  competed  for  the  chair, 
the  Foxites  being  in  a  clear  minority.  The  platform  broke,  Fox  fell,  and 
in  the  confusion  a  bag  of  evil-smelling  powder  was  flung  in  his  face.  He 
was  shouted  down  with  cries  of  *No  Coalition*,  *No  Dictator*,  and  he  and 
his  supporters  were  driven  from  the  hall.  Resolutions  moved  by  Dr.  Jebb 
were  passed  against  the  Coalition,  in  favour  of  parliamentary  reform  and 
in  favour  of  Wray's  candidature.  The  Foxites  went  to  the  King's  Arms, 
where  Fox  harangued  the  crowd  and  was  afterwards  drawn  in  his  coach 
by  his  supporters  past  Carlton  House  to  Devonshire  House,  where  he 
again  made  a  speech.  For  the  importance  attached  to  the  occasion  see 
Disney,  Life  of  Jebb,  1787,  i.  191  ff.;  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Abergavenny 
MSS.,  p.  66.  See  also  Pari,  Hist.  xxiv.  664  ff.;  A  full  Account  of  the  Whole 
Proceedings  in  Westminster  Hall,  1784  (B.M.L.  8132.  d.  64);  Book  of  the 
Wars  of  Westminster,  1784;  Westminster  Election,  pp.  60-4;  E.  Stanhope 
and  Gooch,  Life  of  Charles  third  Earl  Stanhope,  19 14,  pp.  58-9;  and  Nos. 
6422,  6423,  6426,  &c. 

7i-iX5fin. 

*  Cf.  Morning  Post,  16  Feb.  1784:  *We  often  find  that  those  persons  whom  we 
most  affect  to  despise,  are  frequently  the  means  of  doing  us  the  most  essential 
services,  witness  the  frequent  illiberal  abuse  plentifully  bestowed  by  Carlo  Khan 
on  the  Crown:  yet  Saturday  last,  in  his  disgraceful  retreat  from  Westminster  Hall  he 
found  his  only  security  in  the  King's  Arms.* 


36 


I 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6422  THE  MAN  OF  MODERATION  ADDRESSING  HIS  FRIENDS 
FROM  THE  KING'S  ARMS,  WESTMINSTER. 

WD,  [Dent,] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J,  Cattei'mouly  N""  3y6y  Oxford  Street y 
Febv  24^^y  17S4, 

Engraving.  The  facade  of  the  King's  Arms  tavern  in  Palace  Yard,  from 

the  central  first-floor  bow- window  of  which  Fox,  a  fox  with  a  human  head,  \/ 

addresses  the  electors  of  Westminster,  who  are  geese  with  human  heads 

(cf.  No.  5843,  &c.).  Fox's  more  prominent  supporters,  also  as  geese,  look 

from  the  windows.  (For  this  incident  see  No.  6421,  &c.)  Above  the  window 

is  an  escutcheon  with  the  arms  of  Fox  reversed,  surmounted  by  a  royal  crown 

on  which  sits  a  fox  with  Fox's  head.  The  supporters  are :  dexter,  a  fox  with 

the  head  of  Burke,  its  brush  inscribed  Old  Nick;  sinister,  a  fox  with  the 

head  of  North,  its  brush  inscribed  Old  Fox.  It  has  the  family  motto  Faire 

sans  Dire  (used  by  Fox  on  his  book-plates).   On  the  window  beneath  is 

inscribed  Young  F 's  Arms,    Beneath  the  window  the  words  King*s 

Arms  have  been  scored  through  and  Westminster  Hall  substituted.   The 
name  Coulson  is  on  each  side  of  the  central  bay. 

Fox  says,  Gentlemen^  Electors ,  for  heaven's  sake!  recollect  that  some  of  the 
present  men  supported  the  American  War ;  but  do  not  recollect  that  my  now 
dear  Coalition  Friend  was  the  Author  and  conductor  of  that  accursed  war — . 
(Fox,  as  reported  in  the  Press,  said,  inter  alia,  'Gentlemen,  I  need  not 
tell  you  that  the  present  Administration  were  the  greatest  enemies  to  the 

reform  of  abuses,  nor  that  they  supported  the  American  War *,  Hist, 

of  the  Westminster  Electiony  p.  62,  &c.) 

Five  heads  on  the  long  necks  of  geese  surround  Fox  at  his  central 
window;  next  him  is  Keppel,  with  a  scowl.  In  the  adjacent  windows  are 
similar  heads,  all  much  caricatured.  Lord  Derby,  grinning,  says  No  back 
stairs  (cf.  No.  6417). 

From  two  windows  on  the  second  floor,  which  flank  Fox's  coat  of  arms, 
more  heads  emerge.  One  of  three  heads  in  the  1.  window  says,  The  Man 
of  the  People  for  ever.  In  the  r.  window  are  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs. 
Robinson  (Perdita) ;  she  leans  out,  he  puts  a  webbed  foot  on  her  neck. 

The  ground-floor  windows  are  also  crowded  with  human  geese  and 
partly  obscured  by  the  geese  in  the  street  outside.  Sam  House  looks  from 
the  central  window  shouting,  Huzza  huzza.  Outside  the  window  is  a  coach 
without  horses,  on  the  box  of  which  stands  a  goose  with  the  head  of  the 
Earl  of  Surrey.  It  is  ready  for  the  procession  to  Devonshire  House,  see 
No .  642 1 .  On  the  roof  stands  Jeff^ery  Dunstan,  saying,  Old  Wigs  and  Charley 
for  ever  and  a  fig  for  Charters;  his  accustomed  bag  is  thrown  over  his  back 
and  inscribed  Poison  Bag  (cf.  No.  6425).  Another  goose,  perhaps  Sheridan, 
leans  out  of  the  coach  window. 

In  the  foreground  two  processions  of  geese  meet;  the  one  advancing 
from  the  1.  is  headed  by  a  goose  with  a  club,  wearing  a  hat  and  spectacles, 
saying  No  secret  influence.  He  is  Hall  the  apothecary.  He  is  faced  by  the 
leader  of  the  other  procession,  holding  a  flag  with  a  bust  portrait  of  Crom- 
well, inscribed  Fox  for  Ever,  the  staff  surmounted  by  the  cap  of  Liberty. 

The  heads,  which  are  much  caricatured,  are  probably  all  portraits. 
Fox's  committee  for  the  occasion  consisted  of  Mr.  Byron,  Mr.  Byng, 
Mr.  Burke,  Mr.  Sheridan,  General  Burgoyne,  Lord  Derby,  Lord  Surrey, 
Lord  Foley,  Colonel  Fitzpatrick,  and  others.   The  address  was  left  for 

37 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

signature  at  'M""  House's,  Pall-mall;  M*"  Hall's  Long  Acre;  M""  Chaplin's 
Bridges-street . . .  and  M^  Debrett's,  Bookseller,  Piccadilly'.  History  of  the 
Westminster  Election^  1784,  pp.  60,  66. 

For  Fox  as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380,  &c. 
12^X9!  in. 

6423  MR  FOX  ADDRESSING  HIS  FRIENDS  FROM  THE  KING'S 
ARMS  TAVERN  FERY  14,  1784  \c.  Feb.  1784] 

Engraving.  Headed  by  frontispiece,  showing  that  it  is  taken  from  one  of 
the  many  pamphlets  issued  in  connexion  with  the  struggle  between  Pitt 
and  Fox.  Another  representation  of  the  scene  in  Palace  Yard,  see  No. 
6421,  &c.  The  fa9ade  of  the  tavern  fills  the  greater  part  of  the  design,  show- 
ing a  central  bow,  surmounted  by  the  royal  arms,  and  four  stories  with  sash- 
windows,  all  blank,  except  for  the  head  and  shoulders  of  Fox,  larger  than 
life,  addressing  a  crowd  beneath.  In  the  foreground  are  full-length  figures 
looking  up  at  Fox.  They  include  Sam  House  (r.)  in  his  accustomed  dress, 
Jeffery  Dunstan,  with  his  bag  over  his  shoulder,  a  lamplighter  with  an  oil- 
can and  a  long  ladder;  a  carter  in  a  ragged  coat  holding  a  whip;  a  sweep  with 
soot-bag  and  brushes;  a  mechanic  wearing  an  apron;  a  butcher  with  a  club ; 
and  a  man  with  a  box  slung  round  his  shoulders,  who  may  be  a  rat-catcher. 
Between  these  men  and  the  railings  of  the  tavern  is  a  dense  crowd  indicated  by 
a  sea  of  heads.  The  bias  of  the  print  is  shown  by  the  character  of  the  mob. 
6iX4jin. 

6424  A  NEW  PANTOMIME.  HARLEQUINE 
Published  by  E  Hedges  iV"  92  Cornhill  Febv  25'*  1^84. 

/  Engraving.  Fox,  as  Harlequin,  and  North,  as  Pantaloon,  performing  on 
y  a  stage.  Looking  up  at  them  from  the  pit  are  members  of  their  party,  while 

from  the  stage-box  (1.)  they  are  watched  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs. 
Robinson  (Perdita).  After  the  title  is  etched  a  small  fox  running  off  with 
a  goose  (cf.  No.  5843,  &c.).  Fox  (1.)  stands  with  one  leg  raised,  his  wooden 
sword  held  over  a  bust  of  George  III  which  is  on  a  rectangular  pedestal 
ornamented  with  the  royal  arms.  Above  the  bust  a  crown  and  sceptre  are 
suspended,  attached  to  a  small  balloon  whose  apex  is  concealed  by  the 
festooned  curtain  which  extends  across  the  upper  part  of  the  design.  Fox's 
r.  foot  rests  upon  a  document;  his  back  is  turned  to  North,  but  he  covertly 
passes  to  him  a  paper  inscribed  Prerogative. 

North  (r.)  stands,  full  face,  close  to  Fox;  he  is  a  large  bird  with  human 
head  and  feet,  but  with  wings  for  arms,  his  Garter  ribbon  across  his  breast. 
Both  Fox  and  North  have  a  fixed  smile,  but  their  brows  have  an  anxious 
pucker. 

The  stage  is  a  narrow  rectangular  room;  the  curtain  has  the  usual  orna- 
ment inscribed  Veluti  in  Speculum.  On  the  back  wall  is  a  framed  H.L. 
portrait  of  Cromwell  in  profile  to  the  1.  On  the  r.  wall  is  a  map  of  the 
Independent  States  of  America. 

The  front  row  in  the  pit  look  up  with  pleased  amusement  and  are  in 
profile  or  profit  perdu  except  a  man  on  the  extreme  r.  whose  back  is  to  the 
stage;  he  says  O  Tempora  O  Mores.  The  others  (1.  to  r.),  most  of  them 
saying  encore,  are  Lord  Surrey,  Keppel,  Stormont,  Carlisle,  Portland,  Lord 
John  Cavendish,  Burke.  The  second  row  are  in  back  view.  The  Prince 
of  Wales  says  Bravo ^  Bravo. 

38 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Coalition :  they  stage  an  attack  on  the  king 
for  his  use  of  the  prerogative  (cf.  No.  6405),  which  Fox,  as  Cromwell  (see 
No.  6380,  &c.)  wishes  to  usurp,  while  North  is  pilloried  for  the  loss  of 
America,  cf.  No.  6441.  For  Fox  as  Harlequin  cf.  No.  6498. 

Also  a  coloured  impression  with  the  imprint  burnished  out. 
iiJX9|in. 

6425  MASTER  BILLY'S  HOBBY-HORSE,  OR 
HIS  TRIUMPHAL  ENTRY  INTO  DOWNING  STREET. 

An^  Scratch  d  [?  Ceilings.] 

Puh,  Feb.  26.  iy84,  by  W.  Wells,  N^  132  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.  Pitt,  riding  a  rocking-horse,  is  confronted  by  the  padlocked 
door  of  the  Treasury  (r.),  inscribed  Thus  far  and  no  further,  while  its  two 
leaves  are  fastened  by  four  enormous  padlocks,  each  inscribed  Resolv'd. 
Pitt's  horse  is  a  spirited,  realistically  drawn  animal,  despite  its  rockers, 
which  are  inscribed  Despotism  and  Aristocracy.  The  rein  is  inscribed  Jure 
divino.  Pitt  is  very  young,  holding  his  finger  to  his  mouth  as  in  No.  6417. 
He  holds  a  whip  whose  lash  is  inscribed  Prerogative,  the  word  being 
followed  by  Pro  me  issuing  from  his  mouth.  Under  his  r.  arm  is  a  book 
inscribed  Royal  Primer,  From  his  posteriors  a  blast  inscribed  My  Honor 
is  directed  against  Fox,  who  stands  behind  the  horse's  hind  legs,  a  large 
scroll  inscribed  Pro  Patria  issuing  from  his  mouth,  and  holding  a  birch- 
rod  inscribed  Unanimity,   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Ye  tinsel  Insects  whom  a  Court  maintains. 

That  count  your  beauties  only  by  your  stains. 

Spin  all  your  Cobwebs  o'er  the  eye  of  day! 

The  Patriot's  hand  shall  brush  you  all  away  ; 

All  that  his  Grace  may  preach,  their  Lordships  sing, 

To  make  a  Saint  of  P a  God  the ; 

All,  all  but  Truth  drops  dead  born  from  the  press. 

Like  the  last  Gazette  or  the  last  Address. 

Pope 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution  of  Parliament,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  The  'Resolutions'  which 
padlock  the  Treasury  are  those  moved  by  Fox  and  others  on  12  Jan.,  &c., 
to  obstruct  and  dislodge  the  Ministry  by  preventing  the  issue  of  money. 
Russell,  Corr.  of  Fox,  ii.  228,  see  also  No.  6380,  &c.  *My  Honor'  appears 
to  be  an  allusion  to  Pitt's  speech  of  20  Feb.  refusing  to  resign  as  a  pre- 
liminary to  a  coalition  with  Fox,  in  which  he  said  *my  own  honour  and 
reputation  I  never  will  resign'.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  661.  One  of  a  sequence 
of  prints  by  the  same  artist,  see  No.  6417,  &c. 
8JX13  in. 

6426  THE  CONTENTS  OF  THE  SNEEZING  BAG  ANALYZED 
FOR  THE  INFORMATION  OF  THE  KING'S  ARM'S  COMMITTEE 

JS.f  [Bayers.] 

Published  the  2f^  Febv  1^84  by  Thomas  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  bust  portrait  of  Fox  sneezing  violently.  In  the  lower  I. 
corner  of  the  design  an  open  bag,  partly  cut  off  by  the  margin  of  the  print, 
falls  to  the  ground,  inscribed  Cabinet  Bag  for  1783,  The  ingredients  of 

39 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  sneeze  are  indicated  by  words  radiating  from  Fox's  face :  Euphorhiiiniy 
Coalitioriy  Capsicum,  Receipt  Tax,  India  Bill,  Violation  of  Charters,  Crotn- 
welVs  Ambition,  Cataline's  Abilities,  Damiens  Loyalty,  Machiavels  Politics, 
Beneath  Fox  is  etched : 

Whereas  some  d d  Rogues  have  been  guilty  of  Treason 

In  making  me  sneeze  when  I  wanted  to  reason 

And  whereas  it  appears  upon  Analization 

That  this  Bag's  vile  Contents  wou'd  have  poisoned  a  Nation 

And  whereas  tho'  the  Scheme  has  for  once  been  defeated 

The  Dose  may  at  some  future  Time  be  repeated 

I  conjure  my  Constituents  wherever  they  be 

To  take  Care  of  themselves,  and  be  careful  of  me. 

During  the  struggle  in  Westminster  Hall  on  14  Feb.  between  the 
supporters  of  Fox  and  Wray  for  the  possession  of  the  hustings,  a  man 
threw  in  Fox's  face  a  leather  bag,  supposed  at  first  to  contain  assafoetida, 
which  proved  to  be  euphorbium.  Hist,  of  the  Westminster  Elections,  p.  61. 
Fox  was  shouted  down:  *No  Grand  Mogul!  No  India  Tyrant!  No 
Usurper!  No  Turncoat!  No  Traitor!  No  Dictator!  No  Cataline!'  Pari. 
Hist.  xxiv.  666.  See  Nos.  6421,  &c.,  6432,  6437,  6465,  6481,  6627.  For  the 
Receipt  Tax,  see  No.  6244,  &c.;  for  the  India  Bill,  No.  6368,  &c.;  for 
Fox  as  India  Tyrant,  see  No.  6276,  &c.;  as  Cromwell,  No.  6380,  &c.; 
as  Catiline,  No.  6784,  &c. 

7iX5iiin.(pI.). 

6427  THE  POLITICAL  RAT  CATCHER  OR  JACK  RENEGADO'S 
NEW  PATENT  TRAP'S 

AnniU'  Scratch  de  [?  Collings.] 

Puh.  Feb.  2y.  1784.  by  W.  Wells  N''  132.  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  The  rat-catcher  sits  in  the  doorway  of  a  bare,  ramshackle  room, 
on  the  floor  of  which  are  large  steel  traps  and  rats,  some  already  caught. 
He  is  John  Robinson,  Secretary  to  the  Treasury  under  North,  who 
managed  elections  for  the  Government,  issuing  the  money  from  the 
Treasury.  The  rats  have  human  bodies  with  rat's  heads,  and  crawl  over 
the  floor  on  their  hands  and  knees.  One  rat  is  caught  by  the  arm  in  a  trap 
inscribed  Buck  Hounds,  though  the  place  of  Master  of  the  Buck  Hounds 
had  disappeared  with  the  passing  of  Burke's  Bill  of  Economical  Reform. 
In  the  foreground  a  rat  in  naval  uniform  is  caught  by  the  tail  in  a  trap 
inscribed  Baronet',  he  is  crawling  towards  another  trap.  Seat  in  y^  new 
ParlK  The  three  other  rats  are  advancing  to  traps  inscribed  respectively, 
Private  Pension,  Peerage,  Place  1000  a  Y^. 

On  the  wall  hangs  a  torn  and  unframed  portrait  completely  covered  by 
an  enormous  cobweb,  inscribed  William  5^.  In  contrast  to  this  is  a  framed 
W.L.  portrait  of  Charles  I,  his  head  irradiated,  inscribed  Sanct.  Carol.  Pri. 
Next  it  (r.)  hangs  a  ragged  document  inscribed  Magfia  Chart[a]  In  fine 
preservation.  Over  the  door  (1.)  the  lower  part  of  a  portrait  inscribed 
Robinson  Crusoe  is  visible,  showing  the  identity  of  Robinson  who  sits 
beneath  it.   Beneath  the  design  is  inscribed : 

Thus  when  Renegado  sees  a  Rat 

In  the  traps  in  the  morning  taken 

With  pleasure  he  goes  Master  Pit_  to  pat 

And  swears  he  will  save  his  Bacon 

40 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

For  the  part  taken  by  Robinson  in  giving  evidence  to  Pitt  to  convince 
him  that  a  majority  could  be  secured,  and  in  the  plans  for  the  elections 
to  be  held  in  1784,  see  Parliamentary  Papers  of  John  Robinson^  1^^4-1^84^ 
ed.  W.  T.  Laprade,  1922.  Robinson's  former  post  as  Treasury  Secretary 
was  then  held  by  George  Rose,  who  had  succeeded  Sheridan  on  the  fall 
of  the  Coalition. 

Those  who  left  the  Opposition  to  vote  with  the  Ministry  before  the 
dissolution  of  24  March  were  known  as  'Robinson's  rats'.  On  10  Feb.  the 
Morning  Post  printed  across  two  columns  a  woodcut  of  six  rats,  beneath 
which  was  *  J^ck  Robinson'  as  the  heading  to  a  list  of  twenty-three  names, 
printed  in  full,  without  comment.  This  was  perhaps  the  inspiration  of  this 
print,  as  well  as  of  the  more  famous  one  by  Rowlandson,  see  No.  6431. 
See  also  Nos.  6428,  6485,  6603,  6775.  For  the  Treasury  rat-catcher  cf. 
No.  5099  (1773). 
8^Xi2|in. 

6428  THE  FOX  &  BADGER  HUNTING  THE  K G'S  HOUNDS. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Febv  28,  1784  by  W.  Humphrey  227,  Strand. 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North,  as  fox  and  badger  with  human  heads,  chase 
(1.  to  r.)  five  hounds,  behind  whom  runs  John  Robinson,  who  looks  round 
with  a  face  of  distress  at  his  pursuers.  Round  his  shoulders  is  slung  a  rat- 
trap,  and  his  coat  is  inscribed  Rat  Catcher.  In  front  of  him  and  among  the 
hounds  run  three  rats,  much  smaller  in  size  than  the  dogs.  The  collar  of 
the'  dog  immediately  in  front  of  Fox  is  inscribed  W.P.  [Pitt].  Fox  says, 
Perdition  catch  such  Vermin.  Behind  the  fox  and  badger  runs  Burke,  wear- 
ing a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026)  and  blowing  a  horn.  The  ground 
between  pursuers  and  pursued  is  inscribed  Field  of  Contention. 

In  the  middle  distance  is  a  square  building  resembling  the  Treasury, 
and  inscribed  S*  Stephens  Kennell.  Behind  it  on  a  hill  is  a  circular  temple, 
sending  out  rays,  probably  intended  for  the  temple  of  Fame,  as  in  No.  6400. 

Though  a  satire  on  'Robinson's  rats',  see  No.  6427,  &c.,  it  is  unfriendly 
to  the  Coalition,  cf.  No.  6400  (by  the  same  artist).  For  Fox  and  North  as 
fox  and  badger  see  Nos.  6176,  6369,  6518. 
^^X  13  in. 

6429  THE  STATE  SPANIALS  AFTER  THE  DUCK. 

[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Barrow  Febv  28.  1784.  White  Lion  Bull  Stairs.  Surry  side 
Black  Friars  Bridge. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Seven  nude  men  swim,  in  a  broad  river 
between  flat  grass  banks,  after  a  duck  (1.)  which  is  saying,  How  these  hungry 
Whelps  Strive  for  me.  The  heads  are  poorly  characterized  and  only  two, 
Fox  and  North,  can  be  identified  with  certainty.  A  judge's  wig  on  the 
bank  (r.)  appears  to  belong  to  a  man  with  a  bald  head  who  is  swimming 
beside  it,  perhaps  intended  for  Lord  Loughborough,  who  lost  the  post  of 
First  Commissioner  of  the  Great  Seal  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition. 

A  satire  on  the  efforts  of  the  Coalition  to  regain  office;  see  No.  6373,  &c. 
Duck-hunting  by  spaniels  was  then  a  favourite  plebeian  sport. 
7|xi3jin. 

41 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6430  BELZEBUB  TURND  MODDELER  OR  A  DESIGN  FOR  A 
STATESMAN,  [?  c.  Feb.  1784] 

Engraving.  The  Devil  (1.),  with  mallet  and  chisel,  stands  beside  a  realistic 
bust  of  Fox  inscribed  Discord.  The  Devil,  who  has  a  human  face,  horns, 
pointed  ears,  a  satyr*s  legs,  and  a  barbed  tail,  says.  He  has  a  Tongue  that 
shall  Weedle  zvith  any  Devil.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Sure  informing  thee^  this  Devil  takes  unusual  Care 

As  its  own  Darling  he  Designs  the  Bare, 

And  forms  thee^  by  the  Prince  of  Darkness. 
Cf.  No.  6383,  &c. 
8|X7iin. 

6431  THE   APOSTATE   JACK    R THE    POLITICAL  RAT 

CATCHER— NB.  RATS  TAKEN  ALIVE!  [i  March  1784] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Humphrey  N°  22J  Strand. 

Engraving.  Robinson  (see  No.  6427),  on  his  hands  and  knees,  catches  rats 
in  a  ramshackle  room,  his  rat-traps  on  his  back.  The  rats  have  human  faces. 
A  doorway  (1.)  is  inscribed  Treasury  \  rats  are  grouped  near  it.  A  placard 
is  pinned  on  the  wall  inscribed : 

J ck  R n  Rat  Catcher  to  Great  Brittain.   Vermin  preserved. 

Rats  of  Note 

Sr  S G n  H H n 

F C /  S G n 

J C n  A r 


L C X  W C r 

S D s  R y 

E D g  C T r 

W D n  H e 

p r  s D n 


M y  E r. 

A G n  

F r  

C G d.  


M n 

These  names  are  taken  from  a  list  in  the  Morning  Post,  10  Feb.  1874, 
which  gives  them  in  full :  'Sir  Sampson  Gideon,  Lord  Frederick  Campbell, 
Sir  James  Cockburn,  M^  Le  Cox,  M'"  S.  Daws,  Sir  Edward  Dering,  Sir 
William  Dolben,  M''  Fludyer,  General  Murray,  M^  [i.e.  Lord]  Adam 
Gordon,  M^  Frazer,  Sir  Charles  Gould,  M'"Masterman,  Sir  H.  Hoghton, 
Sir  S.  Griffin,  Sir  Geo.  Osborne,  M'"  Ambler,  M^  William  Chaytor,  M"* 
Rodney,  M^  C^  Taylor,  Lord  Hinchinbroke,  M^  S.  Dutton,  M""  Ewer.' 
One  name  only  is  omitted  by  Rowlandson,  that  of  Sir  George  Osborne.' 

Robinson,  with  a  cunning  leer,  holds  out  a  paper  inscribed  Pension  to  a 
spectacled  rat;  other  rats  look  on  with  interest.   Round  his  waist  is  a  belt 

^  The  constituencies  of  these  M.P.s  are  easily  found  in  The  Royal  Kalendar  for 
1784,  and  they  can  be  compared  with  Robinson's  notes  on  the  state  of  the  con- 
stituencies which  he  prepared  for  the  election  of  1784.  Parliamentary  Papers  of 
John  Robinson,  ed.  W.  T.  Laprade,  1922,  pp.  66-106. 

42 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

inscribed  Cestus  of  Corruption  to  which  money-bags  are  attached.  The 
trap  or  cage  on  his  back  is  baited  with  a  miniature  coronet  and  a  paper 
inscribed  Places.  Inside  it  are  two  rats;  another  is  climbing  up  towards 
the  trap,  saying,  We'llFerrett  them  out;  these  three  are  ordinary  rats  without 
human  faces,  and  smaller  than  the  others.  The  floor  is  strewn  with 
guineas.  On  a  shelf  (r.)  is  another  trap,  one  rat  inside  it,  another  about  to 
enter. 

Fox's  dwindling  majority  is  attributed  to  the  corruption  managed  by  the 
late  Treasury  Secretary.   See  Nos.  6427,  6428. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  283 ;  the  date  has  been  added  to  the 
publication-line. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  118  (reproduction).   Reproduced,  Grcgo,  Hist,  of 
Parliamentary  Elections ,  1892,  p.  265. 
7|Xi2|in. 

6432  CROMWELL   YE   2ND   EXALTED  OR  THE  POISON  BAG 
OUTDONE  BY  THE  HALTER 

Publishd  March  r^  17S4  as  the  Act  directs  by  S.  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  North  and  Burke  kneel  in  profile  to  the  1.,  in  an  attitude  of 
prayer,  beneath  a  gallows  (1.)  from  which  hangs  Fox,  his  eyes  bandaged. 
North  says.  We  have  left  undone  those  things  we  ought  to  have  done  and  done 
those  things  we  ought  not  to  have  done;  Burke,  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No. 
6026),  says,  and  there  is  no  help  for  us. 

Fox's  hands  are  behind  him;  an  attached  label  is  inscribed  East  India 
Bill  (see  No.  6271,  &c.).  Two  spectators  stand  near  the  gallows;  one  says, 
Huzza!  what  the  Poison  Bag  could  not  effect  the  Halter  has;  the  other  points 
at  Fox. 

For  the  Toison  Bag'  see  No.  6426,  &c.  For  a  similar  satire  on  the  fall 
of  the  Coalition  see  No.  6287  (9).  For  Fox  as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380,  &c. 
8ix6i|in. 

6433  FORTis. 
[J.  Boyne.] 

London  Pu¥  March  2  1^84  by  E  Hedges  N  g2  Cornhill 

Engraving.  Pitt,  in  Roman  armour,  ascends  a  hill  (r.  to  1.)  looking  round, 
with  an  air  of  triumph,  over  his  1.  shoulder.  He  holds  a  drawn  sabre  above 
his  head;  on  his  1.  arm  is  an  oval  shield  on  which  is  the  head  of  Chatham. 
His  cloak  flies  out  behind  him.  He  is  a  burly  figure  with  little  resemblance 
to  Pitt. 

A  companion  print  to  No.  6395,  &c.    For  Pitt  as  Chatham's  son  cf. 
No.  5984. 
7AX5in. 

6434  DON  QUIXOTE  &  HIS  SQUIRE  SANCHO  ATTACKING  A 
WINDMILL. 

Published  As  the  Act  Directs.  March  2^  iy84  by  S.  Fores.  N:  3  Picca- 
dilly 

Engraving,  partly  aquatinted.  Fox  as  Don  Quixote,  advances  against  a 
windmill  (r.).  The  sails  are  affixed  to  a  building  inscribed  Treasurey;  in 

43 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

their  centre  is  the  head  of  Pitt,  irradiated,  in  profile  to  the  1.  North  as 
Sancho  (1.)  stands  timorously  behind  Fox,  saying,  It  is  the  Most  Perilous 
Adventure  your  Worship  Ever  Engaged  in.  Fox  says,  /  tell  the  [sic\  Sancho 
I  will  Stop  his  Supplies.  He  is  in  armour  with  shield  and  spear  and  wearing 
the  barber*s  basin  as  a  helmet.  A  landscape  is  indicated  as  the  background. 

For  Fox's  attempts  to  stop  supplies  see  No.  6380,  &c. 
7j^Xiof  in. 

6435  MONTGOLFIER  IN  THE  CLOUDS 
CONSTRUCTING  OF  AIR  BALLOONS  FOR  THE  GRAND 

MONARQUE 

Fourth  Sketch    Published  as  the  act  directs  March  2  1784  by  S.  Fores 
N°  J  Piccadilly — a  Companion  to  this  in  a  few  days 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  W.L.  portrait  of  Montgolfier  directed 
to  the  r.,  seated  on  and  among  clouds.  In  his  r.  hand  he  holds  a  long  clay 
pipe,  from  which  soap-bubbles  are  ascending;  he  points  with  his  1.  hand 
to  the  largest  and  highest  of  the  bubbles.  He  says,  the  words  etched  across 
the  clouds  below  his  feet: 

O  by  gar!  dis  be  de  grande  invention — Dis  will  immortalize  my  King^  my 
Country^  and  myself;  We  will  declare  de  War  against  our  ennemi;  we  will 
make  des  English  quake ^  by  gar:  We  will  inspect  their  Campy  we  will  intercept 
their  Fleet ,  and  we  will  set  fire  to  their  Dock-yards:  And  by  gar,  we  will  take 
de  Gibraltar  in  de  air  balloon,  and  when  we  have  Conquered  d'Eenglish,  den 
we  conquer  d^ other  Countrie,  and  make  them  all  colonic  to  de  Grand  Monarque. 

The  (unsuccessful)  launching  of  a  'grand  aerostatic  machine'  on  19  Jan. 
at  Lyons,  in  which  Jacques-fitienne  Montgolfier  and  others  ascended, 
caused  great  excitement.  London  Magazine,  1784,  pp.  147,  203.  Cf.  Nos. 
6333,  6709,  6710,  also  satires  on  the  military  use  of  balloons. 

Reproduced,  Grand-Carteret  et  Belteil,  La  ConquSte  de  Pair,  1910,  p.  99. 
I2ix8^in. 

6436  A  PEEP  INTO  FRIAR  BACON'S  STUDY. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  3^  1784  by  W  Humphrey  N"  227,  Strand. 

Engraving.  George  HI  as  Friar  Bacon,  the  necromancer  of  popular  fable, 
stands  beside  the  'brazen  head',  a  bust  full-face,  on  a  high  pedestal,  which 
forms  the  centre  of  the  design.  He  stands  (1.)  wearing  a  hooded  cloak  over 
his  ribbon  and  star,  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.;  in  each  hand  he 
holds  a  wand,  which  points  to  the  visions  he  has  evoked.  These  are  con- 
tained in  two  of  three  circles,  which  fill  the  upper  part  of  the  design,  each 
bordered  by  the  word  Constitution  and  each  showing  the  Constitution  at 
different  periods.  From  the  mouth  of  the  brazen  head  issue  three  labels, 
each  attached  to  one  of  the  three  circles,  inscribed  Time  is  past  (1.),  Time  is 
(c),  and  Time  was  (r.). 

The  first  shows  the  king  seated  on  his  throne  and  surrounded  by  a  glory 
of  rays,  which  fill  the  whole  circle.  Two  small  circles  of  equal  size  impinge 
on  its  circumference,  one  inscribed  balloons,  the  other  Air  balloons,  they 
contain,  on  a  minute  scale,  scenes  which  represent  the  interior  of  the  two 
Houses  of  Parliament.   This  appears  to  represent  an  early  stage  of  the 

44 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Constitution  when  the  Crown  was  all-important,  and  Parliament  in  embryo 
only. 

The  next  circle,  present  day,  contains  three  circles  of  diminishing  size ; 
in  the  largest  is  the  king  on  his  throne,  in  the  next  is  a  scene  in  the  House 
of  Lords;  in  the  smallest  is  a  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons. 

The  king  points  with  one  wand  to  the  House  of  Commons  in  the  second 
circle,  with  the  other  to  the  king  in  the  first  circle,  saying,  What  is  this  To 
ThiSy  showing  that  he  desires  an  unlimited  monarchy,  to  which  Parliament 
should  be  merely  an  air  balloon. 

The  third  circle  (r.)  contains  three  equal  circles  containing,  respectively, 
the  king  on  his  throne  and  the  two  Houses  of  Parliament.  This  represents 
the  Constitution  as  it  was  until  the  manoeuvres  of  George  HI  and  the  action 
of  the  House  of  Lords  in  defeating  the  India  Bill  (see  No.  6283,  &c.)  led 
to  the  situation  in  circle  two,  an  increase  in  the  royal  power  with  which  the 
king  is  far  from  satisfied. 

The  room  is  that  of  a  magician ;  behind  the  brazen  head  is  a  table  with 
bottles,  a  retort,  and  a  telescope.  Behind  George  HI  is  a  globe,  and  beside 
it  a  large  open  book.  Through  a  doorway  on  the  extreme  1.  look  Fox, 
North,  and  Burke ;  the  first  says  Beware.  The  new  Ministry  (unrecog- 
nizable) hasten  down  a  flight  of  stairs  inscribed  Back  Stairs  (see  No.  6417, 
&c.),  which  leads  into  the  room  from  the  r.  A  demon  leads  the  foremost, 
who  holds  a  conspiratorial  dark  lantern,  and  says  The  Temple  of  showing 
that  he  is  Temple,  who  was  appointed  Secretary  of  State  on  19  Dec.  and 
resigned  on  21  Dec.  The  next  man  says  we  must  destroy  this  Coalition',  the 
third  says,  A  Fig  for  the  Resolutions ,  that  is  the  resolutions  moved  by  Fox 
in  order  to  dislodge  Pitt,  including  those  against  the  issuing  of  money  from 
the  Treasury,  see  Pari,  Hist,  xxiv,  debates  of  12  Jan.,  16  Jan.,  2  Feb., 
20  Feb.,  and  No.  6380,  &c. 

One  of  the  comparatively  few  anti-Pitt  satires  at  this  time.   Cf.  Nos. 
6417,  &c.,  6427,  &c.,  6444,  6469»  6476»  6486,  6552.  For  the  brazen  head, 
cf.  Nos.  6373,  7898.  For  the  theme  of  the  increasing  power  of  the  House 
of  Lords  cf.  No.  7623. 
*  Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  119. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  292. 
8jxi2fin. 

6437  A  HASTY  SKETCH  OF  YESTERDAY'S  BUSINESS. 

J  5/ [Bayers.] 

Published  3^  March  1784  by  Ja'  Bretherton 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  full  face  as  if  addressing  the  House  of  Commons, 
but  headless.  His  right  arm  is  raised,  his  hat  is  in  his  r.  hand,  a  handker- 
chief in  the  1.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

M^ in  one  of  the  most  animated  Speeches  he  ever  made  in  his  Life 

engaged  the  Attention  of  the  whole  house — he  began  with  saying  That  he 
should  have  sat  a  silent  Spectator  of  the  business  of  the  day  if  a  very  personal 
Attack  had  not  been  made  upon  him  by  calling  him  the  Head  of  a  Faction,  he 
assured  the  Gentleman  nothing  was  farther  from  his  Heart,  all  now  wished  for 
was  a  Union  upon  a  broad  basis,  upon  a  fair,  tho'  not  an  equal  footing,  and  if 
the  Right  honourable  Gentleman  over  the  Way  would  but  submit  to  a  Capitula- 
tion, he  would  most  cordially  concorporate  with  him. 

45 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

As  to  the  Idea  of  his  having  lost  any  part  of  his  Weight  with  his  Con- 
stituents he  assured  the  Right  Honble  Gentleman  he  was  convinced  he  never 
stood  higher  in  their  good  Opinion  than  in  his  present  Situation.  For  although 
{said  he)  a  Host  of  Ruffians  (I  will  not  call  them  Electors)  desperate  as  Chair- 
men from  Brookes' s  lately  made  an  Attempt  upon  my  Life  {here  somebody 
sneezedy  U"  Mahon  laughed  and  was  called  to  order  by  the  Chair)  I  say  upon 
my  Life  Sir  I  have  no  doubt  but  that  in  Case  a  Dissolution  takes  place  I  shall 
be  prepared  to  meet  it  with  as  high  a  head  as  any  Member  of  this  House. 
^' Sublimi  feriam  sidera  vertice^ 

M' then  brought  forward  to  their  View  the  only  means  of  securing  a 

permanent  and  popular  Administration  ridiculed  the  Impropriety  of  attending 
to  Addresses  from  corporate  Bodies,  accused  S^  Rich^  Hill  of  throwing  Scrip- 
ture and  Rochester  in  his  Teeth,  and  concluded  with  an  earnest  Exhortation  to 
the  Country  Gentlemen  to  lay  their  Heads  together  and  take  into  Considera- 
tion the  Measures  which  had  brought  Charles  to  the  Block. 

Sir  Rich^  Hill  said  he  should  neither  quote  the  Bible  or  Rochester,  though 
he  couldn't  help  saying  he  would  recommend  to  some  Gent**  of  that  house  the 
Precepts  of  the  one  and  the  Repentance  of  the  other,  he  also  recommended  That 
in  order  to  ease  the  Landed  Interest  the  Reckoning  of  the  Gentlemen  at  the 
S^  Albans  should  be  paid  out  of  the  Balance  remaining  in  ikf  Rigby'  hands,  — 

M^  P s  [Powys]  rose,  and  was  going  to  enter  into  an  Explanation  of  the 

Consistency  of  his  own  Conduct  but  the  House  seemed  not  disposed  to  hear 
him,  so  he  was  angry. 

The  Remainder  of  this  important  Debate  will  be 
given  in  our  next. 

A  burlesque  of  Fox*s  speeches  on  28  Feb.  and  i  March,  the  former 
being  a  debate  on  Powys*s  motion  for  a  united  and  efficient  Administration, 
that  is,  for  a  coahtion  between  Fox  and  Pitt  according  to  the  proposals  of 
the  country  gentlemen  who  had  been  meeting  at  the  St.  Alban's  Tavern,  see 
No.  6413,  &c. ;  the  latter,  a  debate  on  Fox*s  motion  for  an  Address  to  the  king 
to  remove  his  Ministers.  Sir  Richard  Hill's  quotation  from  the  Bible  and 
Rochester  was  on  28  Feb.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  639.  See  also  Wraxall,  Memoirs, 
1884,  iii.  424  and  n.  For  Fox*s  sneeze  see  No.  6426,  &c.  For  his  allusion  to 
the  Stuarts  (i.e.  to  Charles  II),  see  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  627  f.,  652  f.,  657  f., 
and  Nos.  6438,  6445.   For  chairmen  from  Brooks's  cf.  No.  6453,  &c. 

The  allusion  to  the  balance  in  Rigby's  hand  relates  both  to  the  meetings  at 
the  St.  Alban's  Tavern  organized  by  Powys,  and  to  the  debate  on  the  motion 
of  the  Attorney-General  (Kenyon)  that  Rigby  should  account  for  the 
balance  in  his  hands  as  Paymaster-General,  which  afforded  an  opportunity 
for  stating  that  the  account  of  Lord  Holland  was  still  unsettled,  since  his 
executors  (one  being  Fox,  another  the  discredited  Powell,  see  No.  6195) 
had  not  proved  his  will.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  672  ff. 
9  X  6i  in. 

6438  POPULAR  FRENZY ;  OR,  THE  DEMOLITION  OF  S^  STEPHS 
CHAPEL. 

Annibal  Scratch  del[}  Collings.] 

Pub.  March  4,  1784,  by  W.  Wells,  N°  132  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  An  old  stone  building,  representing  the  House  of  Commons, 
is  being  demolished  by  Pitt  and  his  supporters  and  shored  up  by  Fox  and 
North.  The  two  latter  (\.)  are  holding  up  a  long  beam,  inscribed  Constitu- 

46 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

tional  Advice^  which  supports  a  massive  stone  inscribed  SPQB  and  flanked 
by  a  stone  on  which  is  carved  within  a  wreath  the  cap  and  staff  of  Liberty. 
Pitt  and  his  supporters  (r.)  ascend  a  long  ladder,  inscribed  Back  Stairs  (see 
No.  6417),  which  rests  against  the  roof.  Its  rungs  are  inscribed  (reading 
upwards),  [Secjret  inf[luence]y  New  Mi[mstry]  Addr[ess],  Address^  Addres\s\^ 
Popular  Frenzy.  The  foremost  figure  on  the  ladder  is  Folly,  a  young 
woman  wearing  a  cap  and  bells,  both  her  cap  and  belt  inscribed  Folly.  She 
holds  a  flag  on  which  is  a  royal  crown  and  the  word  Aristocracy ^  and  looks 
round  with  a  smile,  saying,  Down  with  it  We  will  erect  a  Prerogative  Court 
in  its  stead.  Below  her  is  a  man  dressed  in  shirt  and  breeches,  tugging  at 
an  enormous  chain,  attached  by  a  grappling-hook  to  the  stone  on  which  is 
the  cap  of  Liberty.  The  rungs  under  his  feet  are  inscribed  Address^  an 
allusion  to  the  loyal  addresses  which  were  pouring  in,  approving  of  the 
dismissal  of  the  Coalition.  See  *The  Gazette',  Jan.-March  1784,  passim. 
These  were  compared  by  the  Opposition  to  those  presented  to  Charles  II 
in  1682-3,  see  No.  6437,  ^c-  ^^tt  stands  lower,  putting  his  upper  foot  on 
the  rung  inscribed  New  Mi[nistry'\\  he  turns  round,  addressing  a  crowd 
below  him,  and  saying.  Well pidl  an  old  House  over  their  Heads!  Huzza. 
Below  him,  on  the  step  of  Secret  influence,  stands  Temple;  he  holds  a  flag 
inscribed  Omnipot[ence]  Anarch[y]  and  directs  the  rays  of  a  conspiratorial 
dark  lantern  towards  Wisdom  who  stands  beside  Fox,  a  tongue  of  flame 
rising  from  her  head.  She  holds  a  flag  inscribed  Union,  its  solid  staflF  con- 
trasting with  the  flimsy  one  held  by  Folly;  she  points  at  Temple,  saying, 
Friends  take  care  what  you  are  about. 

On  the  extreme  r.  beside  the  ladder,  on  which  his  hand  rests,  stands 
Thurlow.  Behind  are  a  number  of  men  with  pick-axes  and  mallets  engaged 
in  demolition;  they  are  Addressers.  The  ladder  rests  on  a  paper  inscribed 
Constitution.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched: 

Man  with  strong  reason  is  endowed, 

A  beast  scarce  instinct  is  allowed; 

But  let  this  Rabble's  worth  be  tried 

Tis  plain  that  neither  are  their  guide 

Can  they  discern  the  different  natures. 

And  weigh  the  power  of  other  Creatures, 

Who  by  this  partial  work  have  shew'n 

They  know  so  little  of  their  own. 

The  flag  held  by  Wisdom  is  a  plea  for  the  plan  of  Powys  and  the  country 
gentlemen  who  met  at  the  St.  Alban's  Tavern  (see  A?in.  Reg.,  1784-5, 
pp.  265  flF.,  and  No.  6413,  &c.)  for  a  union  between  Fox  and  Pitt,  the  word 
*  coalition'  being  shunned. 

The  character  of  this  attack  on  Pitt  shows  his  improving  position.  For 
the  'popular  frenzy'  which  supported  Pitt  see  also  Nos.  6445,  6485,  6486, 
6522,  6537,  6538,  cf.  No.  6581.  No.  6445  is  a  sequel  to  this  print,  see 
No.  6417,  &c. 

i2X9i  in. 

6439  EVERY  MAN  IN  HIS  HUMOUR. 

By  B.  Walwyn  N°  2  Pedlaler's  Acre 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Febv  March  6'*  1784  [sic] 

Engraving.  A  series  of  isolated  figures  irregularly  spaced.  North  (1.)  leans 
back  in  an  arm-chair  asleep,  his  arms  folded;  over  his  head  is  the  word 

47 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Indolence.  Next  is  Burke  as  Oeconomy  (in  allusion  to  his  Bill  of  Economical 
Reform)  seated  full-face  in  an  upright  chair  mending  a  stocking.  He  wears 
a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026).  The  central  figure,  larger  than  the  others, 
is  Fox,  standing  full-face  with  his  hands  on  his  hips,  wearing  a  royal 
crown;  he  is  Ambition  (cf.  No.  6395).  Love  and  Wine  are  represented  by 
the  Prince  of  Wales  seated  on  a  chair  with  a  courtesan  (perhaps  intended 
for  Mrs.  Robinson)  on  his  knee;  he  holds  a  wine-bottle  in  his  r.  hand,  she 
holds  up  a  wine-glass  in  her  1.  On  the  extreme  r.  Pitt,  as  Improvement^  sits 
primly  in  an  upright  chair,  full  face,  holding  an  open  book.  The  drawing 
is  childish,  the  line  shaky. 

For  Fox  and  the  Prince,  cf.  No.  6401,  &c. 

6440  THE  DEVIL  PAID  HIS  DUE. 
[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥:  hyj.  Wallis.  N''  16,  Ludgate  Street.  March.  6.  1^84. 

Engraving.  Justice  (1.)  flogs  Fox  at  the  tail  of  an  elephant,  as  culprits  were 
then  flogged  at  the  cart's  tail.  The  elephant  is  in  profile  to  the  r.  Fox  is 
stripped  to  the  waist,  a  rope  round  his  neck  is  attached  to  the  animal's  tail, 
his  hands  are  on  the  animal's  hind-quarters ;  he  looks  over  his  r.  shoulder 
with  an  expression  of  anguish.  Justice,  a  blind-folded  woman  in  pseudo- 
classical  draperies,  stands  with  a  knotted  scourge  raised  to  strike;  she  says 
Vengence  is  mitie^  I  will  repay.  On  the  elephant's  flank  is  engraved.  He 
that  exalteth  himself  Shall  be  abased. 

Fox's  position  is  contrasted  with  that  depicted  by  Sayers  in  the  famous 
Carlo  Khan^s  Triumphal  entry  into  Leadenhall  Street,  see  No.  6276.   Cf. 
No.  6399,  &c. 
8|Xi3iin. 

6441  COALITION  ARMS 

Published  by  M.  Smith,  March  8,  1784;  and  sold  at  No.  46,  in  Fleet 
Street  [Price  one  Shilling.] 

Engraving.  North  and  Fox  as  supporters  of  the  Coalition  Arms  (cf.  No. 
6369  (5)),  which  rest  on  the  prostrate  body  of  the  king,  on  whom  North 
rests  his  1.  foot  and  Fox  his  r.  North  stands  (1.)  dexter,  holding  in  his  r. 
hand  a  flag  on  which  are  two  demons  and  the  word  Coalition ;  the  staff  is 
surmounted  with  a  skull ;  in  his  1.  is  a  small  flag  with  thirteen  oblique  stripes, 
an  allusion  to  the  loss  of  the  Colonies,  which  forms  part  of  the  first  quarter 
of  the  arms.  Fox  holds  a  ragged  cap  of  Liberty  on  its  staff;  his  r.  hand, 
resting  on  the  escutcheon,  holds  a  small  axe  which  forms  part  of  the  second 
quarter  of  the  arms.  The  crest  is  formed  of  the  heads  of  North  and  Fox 
back  to  back,  in  profile,  r.;  from  their  mouths  comes  a  ribbon  with  the 
word  Faction.  The  motto  which  supports  the  figures  of  Fox,  North,  and 
the  king,  is  Neck  or  Nothing. 

Beneath  the  plate  is  a  printed  explanation  of  the  Coalition  Arms : 

Lately  granted  by  a  new  College  of  Arms  to  two  Illustrious  Persons  for  their 
numerous  and  distinguished  Virtus 

*'Go  and  do  thou  likewise^*, 

48 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

They  are  thus  emblazoned: 

First  Quarter.  A  Standard  zoith  the  Thirteen  Stripes  of  the  American 
States;  Base^  Edmund  S^  Omer's  [Burke],  like  a  skilful  Dentist y  drawing  the 
Teeth  of  a  Lion. 

Second.  Ouarterfyy  First  and  Fourth^  Implements  of  Gambling;  Sinister 
Chief  a  declining  Axe;  Dexter  base,  the  head  of  Charles ^  Martyr;  Fesse  Point 
Arms  of  H—ll — d  [Holland,  the  arms  of  Fox,  cf.  No.  6422]. 

Third.  A  Gallows ^  Two  Halters  charged  Proper, 

Fourth.  Britannia  Renversed. 

Crest.  Janus ^  with  the  motto  Faction, 

Supporters.  Dexter,  the  Promoter  of  Independence  with  the  Flag  of 
Coalition.  Sinister;  the  Man  of  the  People ,  with  a  Liberty  Cap  worn  Thread- 
bare; both  Supporters  trampling  on  an  injured [King]  who  is  extricating 

Himself  from  their  Oppression. 

The  arms  are  as  described :  Burke  (H.L.)  applies  a  pair  of  forceps  to  the 
teeth  of  a  lion,  seated  passively.  Above  them  is  a  paper  inscribed  Reform 
Bill  (cf.  No.  5645,  &c.).  The  implements  of  gambling  are  dice-box,  dice, 
and  cards.  From  the  gallows  hang  a  fox  (1.)  and  North  (r.).  Britannia, 
seated  head  downwards,  holds  out  an  olive-branch,  emblematical  of  the 
peace  and  the  loss  of  America. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Coalition,  see  Nos.  6369,  6399,  &c.;  it  is 
exceptional  at  this  date  in  dwelling  on  the  loss  of  America  (cf.  No.  6424) 
rather  than  on  the  India  Bill  (cf.  Nos.  6285,  6361,  &c.),  which,  however, 
is  implied  in  the  prostrate  position  of  the  king  (cf.  No.  6276,  &c.),  from 
which  he  is  recovering,  see  No.  6405,  &c. 
7iX9iin. 

6442  MASTER  BILLY'S  PROCESSION  TO  GROCERS  HALL. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  March  8^^  by  W.  Humphrey  AT^  22y  Strand  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  burlesque  representa- 
tion of  Pitt's  procession  to  the  City  on  28  Feb.  to  dine  with  the  Grocers' 
Company  and  receive  the  freedom  of  the  City.  The  procession  is  headed 
by  a  band  of  musicians  (1.),  by  the  Gold  Box  carried  on  a  pole  (voted 
10  Feb.  1784  but  not  presented  till  5  Feb.  1785),  and  by  banners.  Close 
to  a  banner  inscribed  N°  45  capers  Wilkes,  scattering  coins  with  both 
hands.  On  the  three  other  banners  are  the  words  Pitt  and  Prerogative  [the 
actual  banner  was  *Pitt  and  the  Constitution'];  Youth  a  most  enormous 
Crime  \  and  emblems  of  the  Grocers'  Company,  including  two  sugar-loaves. 
The  coaches,  drawn  by  the  populace,  are  here  represented  by  three 
small  wheeled  chairs  such  as  were  used  for  children  and  invalids.  In  the 
first  is  Sir  Wattey,  drawn  by  satyrs ;  he  is  Sir  Watkin  Lewes,  alderman  and 
M.P.  for  the  City,  see  vol.  v  and  index.  Both  he  and  Wilkes  took  a  promi- 
nent part  in  the  reception  of  Pitt,  both  had  opposed  the  India  Bill  and 
supported  Pitt  in  the  House  of  Commons.  He  is  followed  by  Pitt  as  Master 
Billy  seated  jauntily  on  the  back  of  his  chair,  his  hands  on  his  hips ;  a  man 
sits  at  his  feet  holding  a  banner  inscribed  Kings  Men.  His  chair  is  followed 
by  men  with  long  staves.  Last  comes  Sir  Barney;  his  projecting  sword 
appears  to  have  tripped  up  two  of  the  rabble.  He  is  Sir  Barnard  Turner, 
Alderman  and  Sheriff,  who  had  taken  a  leading  part  in  restoring  order 

49  E 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

after  the  Gordon  Riots.  He  was  knighted  (i6  Jan.  1784)  for  moving  the 
City  Address  to  the  king.   Westminster  Magazine,  1784,  p.  118. 

The  crowd  is  drawn  with  much  freedom  and  spirit,  some  wave  hats, 
some  scramble  for  coins ;  hats  fly  in  the  air  with  the  words  Pitt  and  Plumb 
Pudding  for  ever  Huzza!  A  man  on  the  extreme  r.  shouts  King  for  ever. 

Behind  the  procession  are  the  houses  of  a  street  leading  to  the  gate  of 
Grocers  Hall  (I.),  probably  representing  Cheapside  or  the  Poultry  (although 
access  to  the  Hall  was  through  Grocers'  Alley).  Spectators  lean  from  the 
windows  of  the  houses.  The  large  corner  house  has  a  wide  shop- window, 
surmounted  by  the  Royal  Arms  and  the  words  Tommy  Plumb  Grocer  to 
his  Majesty.  From  one  of  its  windows  a  spectator  says,  O  what  a  Charming 
Youth.  Behind  Pitt  is  a  shop  inscribed  Toy  Shop  Wax  Work.  On  the 
extreme  r.  is  a  large  inn  with  bay-windows  whose  sign  is  a  large  H.L.  por- 
trait of  Chatham  in  profile  to  the  1.,  inscribed  Lord  Chatham,  and  below,  Neat 
Wines.  A  figure  leaning  from  one  of  its  windows  says.  Very  like  his  Father. 

The  procession  is  described  at  length  in  the  newspapers,  e.g.  Morning 
Post,  I  and  2  March.  It  is  called  *the  grandest  procession  of  the  kind  since  the 
year  1761  when  M^  Pitt's  illustrious  Father  . . .  received  the  same  marks  of 
distinction  from  the  Citizens  of  London'.  See  also  Nos.  6471,  6538,  6807, 
6813.  On  his  return  to  Berkeley  Square  Pitt  was  attacked  by  a  mob  opposite 
Brooks's,  see  No.  6453,  &c.  For  Pitt  as  Chatham's  son  cf.  No.  5984. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  83. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.   119-20  (reproduction).    Reproduced,   Grego, 
Hist,  of  Parliamentary  Elections,  1892,  p.  264. 
8iXi3iin. 

6443  IN  MEMORY  OF  MONDAY  DECEMR  17™  1733 

Published  by  E  Hedges  N''  g2  Cornhill  march  8^^  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt,  with  Britannia  and  the  British  Lion, 
attacks  a  many-headed  monster  with  a  serpent's  tail  which  encircles  a  column 
inscribed  British  Constitution',  on  this  is  a  bust  of  the  king.  Pitt  wears 
Roman  armour;  he  holds  a  club  in  his  r.  hand,  Britannia's  shield  in  his  1., 
and  appears  to  represent  Hercules  slaying  the  hydra.  The  necks  of  the 
monster  join  in  a  flattened  mass  on  which  stand  Pitt,  Britannia,  and  the 
lion,  all  three  threatening  the  heads,  which  are  those  of  the  late  Ministry : 
(1.  to  r.)  North,  Burke,  Lord  John  Cavendish,  Lord  Derby  (who  had  been 
Chancellor  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster),  Keppel,  Portland,  and  Fox. 

The  bust  of  George  III  is  in  profile  to  the  1.;  against  his  shoulder  rests 
a  shield  inscribed  Dieu  et  mon  Droit.  The  whole  group  rests  on  a  platform 
or  pedestal,  and  appears  to  represent  a  piece  of  sculpture,  the  title  forming 
part  of  the  design.  On  each  side  of  the  title  is  inscribed: 

Ye  British  Chiefs  who  mount  the  waves 
And  ye  who  meet  the  tented  foe: 
Behold  the  young  the  wise  the  brave; 
Repelling  all  your  country's  woes. 

December  17th  was  the  date  of  the  defeat  of  the  India  Bill  in  the  Lords, 
see  Nos.  6283,  6368,  &c.  From  a  constitutional  standpoint,  one  of  the  most 
extreme  of  the  attacks  on  the  Coalition.  See  Nos.  6399,  6405,  &c.  Similar 
in  design  and  intention  to  No.  6450. 

12X9J  i^« 

50 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6444  THE  CHAMPION  OF  THE  PEOPLE. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  11.  1^84  by  W.  Humphrey  N"  22y  Strand 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox  (r.)  in  armour, 
attacks  a  many-headed  monster  (1.),  a  scaly  beast,  with  wings,  talons,  and 
writhing  serpentine  necks.  From  each  mouth  issues  a  barbed  fang  and 
words:  Tyranny \  Assumed  Prerogative \  Despotism;  Oppression;  Secret 
Influence;  Scotch  Politik;  and  (from  heads  on  the  ground)  Duplicity  and 
Corruption. 

Fox  (r.)  stands  in  a  theatrical  attitude,  his  sword  oi  Justice  raised  above 
his  head,  his  Shield  of  Truth  on  his  1.  arm,  a  cloak  flying  out  behind  him. 
He  has  already  cut  off  three  heads.  Behind  him  are  his  supporters:  two 
naked  and  emaciated  figures  prostrate  themselves  at  his  feet,  inscribed 
E*  Indians.  A  serried  rank  of  men  in  armour  with  shields  and  spears  are 
the  English;  their  standard  has  a  seated  figure  of  Britannia  holding  a  cap 
of  Liberty  and  is  inscribed  Standard  of  Universal  Liberty.  They  say :  While 
he  protects  us  we  will  support  him.  Next  them  is  a  smaller  body,  inscribed 
Irishy  dressed  as  Irish  Volunteers.  They  say.  He  gave  us  a  free  Trade  and 
all  we  asked  He  shall  have  our  firm  support  [see  Nos.  5653  (1780),  6003 

(1782)]. 

In  the  background,  behind  the  hydra  (1.),  four  men  holding  hands  caper 
round  a  flag  inscribed  Standard  of  Sedition.  They  perhaps  represent 
foreign  countries  rejoicing  at  the  dissensions  of  England;  one  appears  to 
be  dressed  as  a  Frenchman,  another  as  a  Dutchman. 

One  of  the  most  extreme  of  the  Foxite  prints ;  it  is  exceptional  in  defend- 
ing the  India  Bill,  see  Nos.  6271,  6368,  &c.  For  'Secret  Influence'  see 
No.  6417,  &c.  See  also  No.  6436,  &c. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election^  p.  43. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  120. 
8|Xi2|in. 

6445  THE  GOLDEN  IMAGE  THAT  NEBUCHADNEZZAR  THE 
KING  HAD  SET  UP 

Annibal  Scratch  del  et  sculp.    [?  Ceilings.] 

Pub:  by  W,  Wells,  AT"  132  Fleet  Street,  March  iP^  iy84. 

Engraving.  A  sequel  to  No.  6438.  George  III,  seated  on  a  balloon,  points 
downwards  with  his  sceptre  to  an  image  of  Pitt  (r.)  as  a  naked  child,  on 
a  column  which  is  inscribed  Family  Presumption.  The  king  looks  down 
at  North,  Fox,  and  Burke,  saying,  /  command  you  O  Shadrach  Mesech  & 
Abednego!  The  three  stand  (1.)  in  attitudes  expressing  intense  self-right- 
eousness; they  say:  Know  O  King  we  will  not  worship y'^  Golden  Image;  on 
each  head  rests  a  tongue  of  flame.  They  stand  outside  a  dilapidated  build- 
ing on  the  extreme  1.  inscribed  S^  Stephens,  shored  up  by  a  beam,  whose 
base  is  at  their  feet,  inscribed  Resolutions  Unrescinded.  From  its  coping- 
stone  flies  an  ensign  flag  inscribed  Firm  S.P.Q.B.  The  king's  balloon  is 
inscribed  Prerogative;  its  lower  axis  emits  a  blast  inscribed  Gracious 
Answer.  Behind  the  balloon  and  Pitt  are  clouds  inscribed  Breath  of 
Popularity. 

Pitt  stands  sucking  his  finger  (cf.  No.  6417);  on  his  head  is  a  sugar- 
loaf  surmounted  by  a  flag  inscribed  Febv  28,  an  emblem  of  the  Grocers' 

51 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Company  which  had  entertained  him  on  that  day,  see  No.  6442.  Kneel- 
ing figures  do  obeisance  before  the  image  of  Pitt,  those  in  the  foreground 
representing  the  least  reputable  trades :  a  lamplighter  (1.),  with  his  ladder 
and  oil-can,  kneels  in  profile  to  the  r.;  a  butcher  prostrates  himself;  a 
chinmey-sweep  kneels  with  clasped  hands ;  a  ragged  scavenger,  his  shovel 
and  basket  beside  him,  kneels  in  profile  to  the  1.,  the  basket  stands  on  a 
paper  inscribed  \Worshipfu\ll  Company  of  Scavenger[s].  In  the  foreground 
lie  papers  inscribed  Garret  Address  (an  allusion  to  the  mock  elections  of 
Garratt),  Address^  and  The  worshipfull  Company  of  Chimney  Sweepers.  A 
crowd  of  kneeling  figures  (1.)  is  worshipping  the  idol;  they  hold  standards, 
three  of  which  are  inscribed  Bristol^  Westminster,  and  London,  representing 
the  addresses  to  the  king  which  had  been  compared  by  Fox  to  those  made 
to  Charles  II,  see  No.  6438,  &c. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

A  Gilded  Image — &  before  it — 

A  Mob  on  Marrow-bones  adore  it 

That  immemorial  time  have  sold 

All  Conscience  to  his  God-ship  Gold: 

Look  ere  you  leap  &  scan  the  pit, 

Your  sapient  Worships  may  be  bit 

Not  all  that  glitter 's  Gold,  alass. 

Your  baby 's  but  a  thing  of  Brass. 

The  sequence  of  satires  by  this  artist  well  illustrates  the  declining 
fortunes  of  Fox,  see  No.  6417,  &c.  See  also  No.  6438,  &c. 
8i8gXi3in. 

6446  THE  UNFORTUNATE  ASS. 

Pu¥  as  y^  Act  directs  March  11,  1784  by  W  Humphrey  22y  Strand 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.),  George  III  (r.),  face  each  other  in  profile;  each  tugs 
hard  at  a  rope  attached  to  the  nose  of  an  ass  which  stands  between  them. 
The  ass  is  The  People ;  he  is  heavily  burdened  with  many  sacks,  inscribed 
Taxes,  or  Tax,  and  one.  Taxes  1784.  The  king,  wearing  a  crown  and  a 
sword  inscribed  Prerogative,  tries  to  drag  the  animal  on  to  a  road  down 
which  points  a  signpost  inscribed  Road  to  Absolute  Monarchy.  A  sign- 
post behind  Fox  points  down  the  Road  to  Republicanism.  Fox  says,  / 
humbly  Insist  upon  the  management  or  else  will  not  grant  any  Supplys  (see 
No.  6380).  In  the  distance  is  a  signpost.  To  Aristocracy,  pointing  to  a 
road  out  of  sight  behind  the  ass,  whose  back  is  turned  to  it. 

For  Pitt  and  prerogative,  cf.  No.  6417,  &c.;  for  Fox  and  republicanism 
cf.  No.  6380,  &c. 
Sf^gXizifin. 

6447  THE  LONDON  TRENTICE,  OR,  THE  FORCE  OF  VIRTUE. 
WD.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  II  March  1784  by  H  Humphrey  N°  51  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Pitt  stands  between  two  beasts,  one  with  the  face  of  North  (1.), 
the  other  with  that  of  Fox  (r.).  They  have  the  mane  of  a  lion  and  the 
claws  of  a  bear;  the  tails  resemble  a  fox's  brush.  North's  tail  is  in- 
scribed Conscience,  that  of  Fox  Honor.  Pitt  wears  a  plumed  helmet  inscribed 
Wisdom  and  encircled  with  a  laurel-wreath,  a  tunic  with  a  belt  inscribed 

52 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Cestus  of  Virtue.  He  looks  towards  North,  whose  teeth  he  is  drawing  with 
a  forceps.  Fox  Hes  prostrate,  vomiting;  a  crown  inscribed  Asia  has  fallen 
from  his  head.  Pitt's  outstretched  1.  arm  holds  out  over  Fox  a  heart 
inscribed  Indostatiy  which  appears  to  have  been  torn  from  Fox. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  India  Bill,  see  Nos.  6271, 
6368,  &c.   Pitt  is  the  *London  Trentice*,  having  received  the  freedom  of 
the  City,  see  Nos.  6442,  6567. 
SfXisfin. 

6448  THE  STATE  NURSES. 
[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  H.  Humphrey.  March  11. 1784.  N"  50  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North  dressed  as  nurses :  Fox  stands  outside  a  house, 
his  hand  on  an  empty  cradle  on  which  is  a  notice  Reynard  State  Cradle 
Wrocker;  North  (1.)  looks  from  a  window  above  the  open  door,  holding  out 

a  dirty  cloth  and  saying,  A  Sh n  piece  of  BuisnesSy  this  Susan — I  am 

afraid  we  Shall  not  in  a  hurry  be  able  to  get  out  the  Stain.  Fox,  his  back  to 
North,  answers,  And  Stinks  most  horridly y  it  will  require  great  Judgement 
to  bring  it  to  its  former  Colour.  A  placard  on  the  house  is  inscribed.  Wanted 

a  Child  to  NursCy  by  Rachel  N /f,  &  Susan  F Xy  lately  removed  from 

S^  James's.  Can  be  well  Recommended  from  the  three  Feathers  in  Pall — 
Mall — .  (An  allusion  to  Carlton  House,  and  the  close  association  between 
Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  No.  6041,  &c.) 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition,  see  Nos.  6283,  6399, 
&c.  A  print  with  the  same  title  is  No.  5850. 
I2jx8|  in. 

6449  THE  GANDERS  ADDRESSING  THE  LION,  TO  HAVE  THE 
ELEPHANT  REMOV'D.  [c.  March  1784] 

Engraving  above  engraved  verses  in  two  columns.  The  Lion  (George  III) 
sits  under  a  canopy,  holding  a  sceptre ;  on  his  r.  is  a  bull  (John  Bull),  on  his 
1.  an  elephant  (Pitt).  Before  him  (r.)  stands  a  deputation  of  ganders;  the 
foremost  gander  holds  a  paper  inscribed  We  Ganders  and  walks  between 
a  bear  (North)  on  his  1.  and  a  fox  (Fox)  on  his  r.  The  fox  leads  the  bear 
by  a  chain  which  passes  over  the  back  of  the  gander;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a 
pair  of  spectacles.  The  ganders  are  the  supporters  of  the  Coalition  in  the 
House  of  Commons. 

A  satire  on  the  repeated  motions  for  the  removal  of  Ministers  from  Jan. 
to  I  Mar.,  when  Fox's  motion  for  an  address  to  the  king  was  carried  by 
twelve  only.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  687-713.  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  iii.  309- 
10.  Cf.  Nos.  6373,  &c.,  6473. 
5ftX9Jin. 

The  Ganders  Address 

We  Ganders  begy  your  Majesty 
would  condescend  most  graciously 
to  sendyon^  Elephant  away 
{a  beast  that  feeds  on  beans  and  hay 
and  therefore  never  should  pretend 
with  high-fed  creatures  to  contendy) 
'  'Your'  corrected  to  'yoi^'  in  a  contemporary  hand. 

53 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

who  got  by  stealth  into  a  place^ 
by  others  filVd  with  far  more  grace. 

We  have  a  noble  Bear  and  Fox 
who  feast  on  honey ^  fowls ^  and  ducks; 
Their  powW  and  wisdom  we  can  swear  for 
and  have  informer  days  paid  dear  for ; 
But  they're  become  fast  friends  of  late 
and  resolved  to  uphold  that  state, 
which  their  contentions  had  o'erthown  [sic], 
and  they'll  rebuild  what  they've  pulVd  dozon. 

Besides  our  noble  Renard  has 
a  pair  of  Spectacles  of  glass, 
which  if  your  Majesty  but  chose, 
to  let  him  place  upon  your  nose, 
Ked  \sic\  make  you  see  in  darkest  night 
whatever  he  thinks  wrong  or  right. 

As  to  yon^  stripling  Elephant, 
though^  all  your  Grandees  of  the  Land 
should  foolishly  attempt  to  prop  him, 
Renard  and  Boreas  would  stop  him. 
And  We,  your  faithful  Ganders,  say: 
that  none  but  they  should  bear  the  sway. 

The  Lion*s  Answer 

Gentlemen  Ganders!  we  are  pleas' d 
with  your  harangue,  it  is  confess' d 
that  bears  &  fox's  rule  with  grace 
o'er  any  flocks  of  Sheep  and  Geese. 
But  we've  more  Cattle  in  the  Stable, 
whom  elephants  are  better  able 
to  govern,  than  your  Bear  and  fox. 
For  besides  Sheep  and  Geese  and  Ducks 
we  reign  o'er  many  a  noble  Stag 
and  many  an  usefull  Bull  and  Nag, 
who  do  not  relish  {as  we  hear) 
the  Government  of  Fox  and  Bear. 

Tis  true  our  Elephant  is  young. 
But  he 's  no  fool  and  will  grow  Strong. 
We  trust  he  never  will  disgrace 
a  father,  who  once  fill'd  that  place. 
And  here 's  our  old  good  friend  the  Bull 
who  knows  his  merits  to  the  full; 
He  thinks  him  a  good  honest  creature 
endow' d  with  sense  and  with  good  nature, 
and  will  stand  by  him  to  the  last 
(says  he)  whatever  it  may  cost. 
With  vices  none  of  you  can  charge  him; 
Thus  we  have  no  mind  to  discharge  him. 

For  Spectacles  we  have  no  need. 
But  thank  ye  as  much,  as  if  we  did. 

Broadside  (clipped),  13!  X9I  in. 

'  See  note  on  previous  page.  *  'Through'  corrected  to  'though* 

54 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 
6450  GORGON 
Puhlishd  by  E  Hedges  N""  g2  Cornhill  March  13  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox's  head,  directed 
to  the  1.;  his  hair  is  composed  of  writhing  serpents,  each  with  a  human 
head,  representing  a  member  of  the  CoaHtion  Ministry ;  in  the  centre,  above 
the  forehead,  is  North;  on  the  1.  are  Lord  Stormont,  Keppel,  and  the  Duke 
of  Portland,  who  is  in  profile  to  the  r.  and  faces,  with  an  alarmed  expression, 
Burke,  his  vis-a-vis  on  the  opposite  side.  On  the  r.  are  also  Lord  Derby, 
Lord  John  Cavendish,  and  Sheridan,  who  has  a  beard  and  the  ears  of  a 
satyr  as  in  Nos.  6281,  6367.  Behind  these  fully  characterized  heads  are 
others  shaded  to  form  a  background,  and  almost  all  grotesque;  one  of  these 
(r.),  in  profit  perdu  to  the  r.,  is  identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  Lord  Carlisle. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

This  horrid  head  in  antient  times  was  knowUf 
To  petrify  beholders  into  stone. 
But  Pitt  the  Perseus  of  the  present  day. 
With  patriot  zeal  has  took  its  powW  away. 
The  venom' d  heads  from  him  received  no  quarter 
Or  stings  that  pointed  at  the  India  Charter. 

Similar  in  design  and  intention  to  No.  6443  by  the  same  artist.  One  of 
many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6399,  &c.  For  the 
India  Bill  see  Nos.  6271,  6368,  &c. 

91^6X81  in.  (pL). 


6451  THE  GOATS  CANTER  TO  WINDSOR  OR  THE  CUCKOLD'S 
COMFORT.^ 

Pub  March  14  1^84  by  J  Wallis  N''  16  Ludgate  Street  >/ 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales  drives  (r.  to  1.)  a  lady  in  a  high  gig 
drawn  by  six  goats.  The  near  leader  is  ridden  by  Fox,  with  a  fox's 
head,  as  postilion.  On  the  side  of  the  gig  is  a  coronet  and  the  Prince  of 
Wales's  feathers.  Three  men  on  goats  ride  beside  the  gig;  the  foremost 
has  horns  and  is  seated  facing  the  tail  of  the  animal.  He  is  identified  by 
Mr.  Hawkins  as  Lord  Jersey,  which  is  unlikely  at  this  date  (but  see  No. 
61 15);  he  is  probably  Robinson.  Next  comes  a  stout  man,  looking  up  at 
the  gig,  who  resembles  Lord  North  (cf.  No.  6266).  Last  comes  Colonel 
Tarleton  in  military  dress,  wearing  the  feathered  helmet  made  familiar 
by  Reynolds's  portrait.  The  lady  is  probably  Mrs.  Robinson;  this  is 
confirmed  by  the  presence  of  Tarleton,  see  No.  6266,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6452. 
On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  signpost  pointing  To  Windsor,  the  words  written 
in  reverse. 

A  satire  on  Fox's  relations  with  the  Prince  of  Wales,  cf.  No.  6401,  &c. 
For  the  continued  association  of  the  Prince  and  Terdita'  in  the  public  mind 
cf.  Nos.  6928,  6930,  6977. 

8|Xi3iin. 

^  The  second  part  of  the  title,  and  the  publication-line,  have  been  added  on  a 
pasted  strip,  the  paper  beneath  it  being  cut  away. 

55 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6452  lOB 

Publish' d  According  to  the  Act  by  J,  Fores  N.  3  piccadily  March  14 
1784 

Engraving.  Fox  as  Job  lies  on  a  low  oriental  bed,  vomiting  into  a  chamber- 
pot, supporting  his  head  on  his  r.  hand.  He  wears  a  hood  or  turban,  a 
buttoned  tunic,  trousers,  and  slippers.  Above  the  design  is  inscribed  And 
There  lived  in  the  Land  of  Uz  a  Certain  man  Whose  Natne  was  ,  .  ,  &  That 
/  Man  Was  perfect  &  Upright^  One  that  Eschewed  Evil. 

^  Beneath  the  design  three  verses  are  etched,  the  first  being : 

M'  Fox  M'  Fox: 
If  you  had  the*  *  * 
What  a  blessing  f  would  be  toy  iiation; 
IfPerdita  Would 
For  once  do  some  good 
She'd  Secure  you  a  tight  Salivation 

M'  Fox 
She'd  .  .  .  [ut  supra]. 

For  Fox  and  Mrs.  Robinson  see  No.  61 17,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6451. 
Subject,  5-Jx8^  in.;  pi.,  ii-J-x8J|  in. 

6453  MASTER  BILLY'S  RETURN  FROM  GROCERS  HALL 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  March  [18]  1784  By  E.  Saner  N""  [49]  Jermyn 
S'  S' James's^ 

Engraving.  The  mob,  using  bludgeons  and  fists,  attack  Pitt's  procession 
in  St.  James's  Street  on  its  return  from  the  City  on  the  night  of  28-29  Feb., 
see  No.  6442.  The  scene  is  in  front  of  Weltje's  shop,  from  whose  first- 
floor  balcony  the  Prince  of  Wales,  wearing  his  ribbon  and  star,  waves  a 
hat,  shouting  Fox  For  Ever  huzza.  Across  the  shop-front  is  inscribed 
C.  Weltje  Cotectioner  [sic]  to  his  Royal  Highness.  Immediately  below  is  a 
coach,  from  which  Pitt  is  addressing  the  mob  who  are  attacking  with 
bludgeons.  Its  roof  is  inscribed  Mastir  Billy.  On  the  extreme  r.  stands 
Fox,  waving  his  hat.  Sam  House,  supported  on  the  shoulders  of  another 
man,  holds  up  a  flag  inscribed  Down  with  Pitt.  A  banner,  Pitt  &  Preroga- 
tive, lies  on  the  ground.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  banner.  Kings  Men,  as  in 
No.  6442.  Spectators  look  from  the  windows  of  the  houses.  The  house 
behind  Fox  is  inscribed  Kelseys. 

The  mob  attacked  the  procession  opposite  Brooks's ;  Pitt  was  forced  to 
take  refuge  in  White's,  and  the  three  coaches  which  were  being  drawn  by 
the  crowd  were  broken  to  pieces.  The  presence  of  Fox  and  the  Prince  of 
Wales  is,  of  course,  apocryphal.  For  Weltje's  shop  see  No.  5888.  He  had 
a  brother,  and  the  two  are  sometimes  confused.  He  figures  largely  in 
prints  and  squibs  as  a  supporter  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  Foxites, 
see  index.  For  Kelsey's  shop  see  Gillray's  print  (1797),  reproduced  Grego, 
p.  230.  It  was  said,  in  defence  of  the  mob,  that  Pitt's  followers  had  been 
breaking  windows  which  were  not  illuminated,  including  some  at  Carlton 
House  and  at  Weltje's.  Morning  Post,  2  Mar.  1784.  See  Stanhope,  Life 
of  Pitt,  1879,  i-  15^-3*  ^^^  No-  ^4^4- 
SJXisiin. 

^  The  figures  in  brackets  are  written  in  ink. 

56 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6454  THE  TRIUMPH  OF  VIRTUE. 

Puh,  According  to  Act  Mar.  18 y  1^84  by  T,  Cornell,  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Pitt,  with  an  air  of  extreme  youth  and 
innocence,  stands  on  a  rectangular  pedestal,  which  rests  on  the  bodies  of 
North  and  Fox.  He  puts  his  foot  on  a  serpent,  with  the  head  of  Burke,  which 
coils  round  the  pedestal.  He  holds  a  post  or  beam,  inscribed  Pillar  of  the 
PubliCy  on  which  is  the  cap  of  Liberty.  An  irradiated  wreath  is  suspended 
over  his  head.  He  looks  down  at  Fox  (r.)  who  looks  round  over  his  1, 
shoulder,  his  India  Bill  in  his  hand.  North  lies  prone,  his  head  thrown 
back.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

The  Pitt  is  raised.  The  Fox  is  fallen.  The  North-wind  ceases,  and  Edmund 
Reassumes  his  Native  Self. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition  and  the  India  Bill, 
cf.  Nos.  6176,  6286,  6368,  6399,  &c. 
7ix6^in. 

6455  REYNARD  CAUGHT  AT  LAST  OR  THE  (FOX)  IN  A  PITT 
Published  by  E  Hedges  A^"  g2  Cornhill  March  ig*^  1^84 

Engraving.  Fox,  North,  and  Burke  in  deep  mourning,  with  mourning 
scarves  round  their  wide-brimmed  hats.  Fox  (centre)  stands  full-face  up 
to  his  knees  in  a  circular  pit,  saying,  /  shall  be  lost  for  ever  in  the  depth  of 
this  terible  Pitt.  North  (1.)  stamps  on  the  ground,  his  fists  clenched,  saying, 
Is  all  our  coalizing  come  to  this,  O!  I  could  tear  my  flesh  for  madness.  Burke 
(r.),  standing  stiffly  in  profile  to  the  1.,  says,  /  think  as  matters  are  now  it 
will  be  my  wisest  way  not  to  assist  you  any  longer.  The  word  'fox*  in  the 
title  is  represented  by  a  fox  running  with  a  goose  in  its  mouth  (cf.  No. 
5843).  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Three  mourning  Patriots  here  are  in  the  dumps. 
They  played  their  cards,  but  lost  for  want  of  trumps, 
Renoun'd  alike  for  Eloquence  and  wit. 
The  wily  F — x  has  tumbled  in  a  Pitt. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6399,  &c.;  it 
misrepresents  the  attitude  of  North  (as  of  Burke)  who  offered  to  resign  all 
claim  to  office  if  the  union  of  Pitt  and  Fox  could  be  thus  secured.   Cf. 
No.  6413,  &c. 
8|xio|in. 

6456  A  JOURNEY  TO  MALMSBURY 

[J.  Barrow?] 

Pu¥  March  02.  [sic]  1784.  by  H.  Humphrey.  N"  51.  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  sits  in  a  small  two- wheeled  cart  drawn  by  an  ass,  which  is 
led  (r.  to  1.)  by  a  man  with  a  whip  over  his  shoulder.  A  sign-post  (1.)  points 
To  Malmsbury.  The  cart  is  inscribed  S^  James's  Pass  For  Paupers.  In  the 
foreground  (r.)  stands  North,  under  a  small  tree  resembling  a  weeping 
willow,  his  back  to  the  cart,  saying,  Alass  poor  Charly.  On  the  1.  a  man 
stands  full-face,  holding  a  long  staff  or  pole  in  his  r.  hand. 

57 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Fox*s  rejection  for  Westminster  is  anticipated :  he  was  M.P.  for  Malmes- 
bury,  a  close  borough,  from  1774  to  1780,  when  he  was  elected  for  West- 
minster. His  defeat  seemed  likely  from  the  Westminster  meeting  of  14  Feb., 
see  No.  6421,  &c.,  as  well  as  (later)  from  the  state  of  the  poll,  see  Appendix 
I.  Paupers  were  then  taken  in  a  *pass-cart'  by  constables  from  county  to 
county  and  so  passed  to  their  place  of  settlement.  This  humiliating  form 
of  transit  was  (legally)  reserved  for  vagrants,  not  for  the  more  respectable 
^settled  poor'.  Cf.  No.  6562. 
89x13  in. 

6457  THE  COUNTRYMAN'S  DREAM  OF  COALESCING  VIRTUE 
AND  VICE 

W.  D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Ridgway,  Piccadilly,  March,  20^^  17S4. 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  scheme  of  the  country  gentlemen,  meeting  at  the 
St.  Alban's  Tavern,  for  a  'union'  between  Pitt  and  Fox.  The  scene  is  outside 
a  public  house  inscribed  S^  Albans  (1.) ;  the  sign  projecting  from  the  corner 
of  the  building  is  half  the  face  of  Fox,  as  in  The  Mask,  No.  6234;  the  other 
half  (in  place  of  that  of  North)  is  a  royal  crown.  Members  of  the  supposed 
united  ministry  dance  hand  in  hand  round  a  may-pole,  on  the  top  of 
which  is  the  head  of  George  III,  the  eyes  closed,  the  tongue  protruding. 
Beneath  the  head  the  pole  is  wreathed  with  bunches  of  grapes  and  vine- 
leaves.  The  two  figures  in  the  front  of  the  circle  are  Fox  (1.)  and  Thurlow 
(r.).  Fox  has  the  body  of  a  fox;  he  looks  round  over  his  r.  shoulder  with 
a  triumphant  smile.  Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  gazes  at  Fox.  On  his  r.,  also  in  profile  to  the  1.,  is  Burke  dressed 
as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026).  The  central  figure  on  the  farther  side  of  the 
circle  is  Shelburne,  who  dances  between  Portland  (1.)  and  Burke  (r.). 
Richmond,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  dances  between  Portland  and  Fox.  Horns 
sprout  from  the  heads  of  Portland,  Fox,  and  Burke,  while  those  of  the 
other  three  are  surrounded  by  haloes. 

North,  dressed  as  a  nurse,  stands  (1.)  watching  the  dancers.  He  holds 
Pitt,  a  little  mannikin.  His  Garter  ribbon  is  inscribed  Nurse  Nor\tK\\  he 
says,  Come,  buss — e,  buss — e,  Billy  my  dear,  and  Fll  teach  you  how  to  take 
care  of  yourself .   North  has  horns,  Pitt  a  halo. 

Behind  North  (1.)  is  the  door  of  the  inn,  over  which  is  inscribed  Mess^^ 
Powass  and  Mash  'em  Dealers  in  British  Spirits.  In  front  of  the  door  stands 
Marsham  holding  a  foaming  tankard,  inscribed  PF  (monogram),  and  a 
paper.  Resolved,  That  Union  may  be  effected  without  Principle.  In  an  arm- 
chair outside  the  door  sits  Powys,  who  with  Marsham,  M.P.  for  Kent, 
directed  the  proceedings  at  the  St.  Alban's  Tavern  (though  Thomas 
Grosvenor  was  the  nominal  chairman).  On  the  ground  between  them 
is  a  paper  inscribed  Respite  .  .  .  48  hours,  .  .  .  Cromwell. 

On  the  extreme  r.,  outside  the  circle  of  dancers,  is  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
beating  a  drum  and  blowing  a  pipe,  while  he  dances  to  his  own  tune.  His 
hat  is  ornamented  with  three  enormous  ostrich  feathers  and  the  words 
Ich  dien.  He,  Powys,  and  Marsham  have  satyrs'  ears,  suggesting  that  they 
are  less  diabolical  than  the  Foxites,  who  have  horns.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched : 

Round  about  the  Maypole  see  how  we  trot,  hotpot,  hot,  brown  Ah  we  have 
got Midas. 

58 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

For  the  proposed  union  of  parties,  see  No.  6413,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Crom- 
well cf.  No.  6380,  &c. 
8|xi3/gin. 

6458  BRITAIN'S  HOPE,  OR  THE  POLITICAL  NOBODIES. 

iV^  9.  Published  20^^  March  1784,  by  G.  Humphrey,  N°  48  Long  Acre, 
London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt,  as  Britain's  Hope, 
stands  leaning  on  an  anchor  (1.)  beside  Fox  and  North,  who  have  no 
bodies,  their  heads  resting  on  their  hips  as  in  No.  5570.  Pitt's  1.  hand  is 
patronizingly  outstretched  over  the  head  of  Fox.  His  head  is  irradiated 
and  encircled  with  the  words  Vertus  an  degrePlus  eminent.  A  hand  emerges 
from  a  cloud  above  Pitt's  head,  holding  over  it  a  ribbon  and  star  inscribed 
Reward  of  Virtue. 

Over  the  heads  of  Fox  and  North  is  a  mass  of  solid  cloud  on  which  rests 
a  jumble  of  buildings  representing  Indian  castles  and  temples,  inscribed  Air 
Castles  on  an  Improved  Plan.  The  two  stand  with  expressions  of  sulky 
melancholy.  North's  Garter  ribbon  is  draped  over  his  breeches,  which  are 
inscribed  Sans  Souci\  those  of  Fox  are  inscribed  Sans  six  Sous.  Beneath 
the  title  is  engraved  : 

See  Britain^ s  Hope  with  looks  serene,  expose 

The  Coalition  Chiefs,  his  Countrie's  Foes; 

Who  building  India  Castles  in  the  Air, 

Have  made  themselves  of  Nobodies  a  Pair. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition  and  the  India  Bill,  see 
Nos.  6368,  6399,  &c.   For  the  effect  of  the  Coalition  on  Fox's  political 
prospects  cf.  No.  8099. 
i2i^6X8i|in. 

6459  A  RACE  FOR  A  CROWN. 

N°  10.  London  Publish' d  20*^  March  1784,  by  G.  Humphrey  N<*  48 
Long  Acre 

Engraving.  Fox,  North,  and  others  ride  a  race  (1.  to  r.)  mounted  on  lions. 
Fox  is  slightly  ahead  of  North;  behind  are  three  other  members  of  the  / 

Coalition  of  whom  only  Burke,  in  top-boots,  his  whip  raised  to  strike  his  ^ 

mount,  can  be  identified.  They  advance  towards  the  royal  box  (1.)  in 
which  stand  George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte.  The  king,  impassive,  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  holds  the  crown  over  the  edge  of  the  box,  ready  to  present 
it  to  the  winner,  who  is  clearly  Fox.  The  queen  weeps,  holding  a  hand- 
kerchief to  her  eye.  Fox  (a  fox's  brush  projecting  from  his  coat-tails)  has 
passed  The  Winning  post.  On  a  short  flight  of  steps  beside  the  post  stands 
a  young  man,  full-face,  perhaps  Pitt,  holding  a  flag  in  one  hand,  a  pair  of 
evenly  balanced  scales  in  the  other. 

On  the  r.  is  a  pavilion,  with  three  boxes,  crowded  with  spectators,  too 
freely  sketched  for  identification,  except  for  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  a  lady  * 

who  may  be  Mrs.  Robinson,  on  the  extreme  1. 

One  of  a  number  of  satires  representing  Fox  as  trying  to  obtain  for  him- 
self and  his  party  the  prerogatives  of  the  Crown,  cf.  No.  6380,  &c.  Its 
precise  significance  is  obscure:  perhaps  a  satire  on  the  proposed  union 

59 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

between  Fox  and  Pitt,  see  No.  6413,  &c.,  represented,  as  in  No.  6457,  as 
a  victory  for  the  former.  The  king  had  reluctantly  agreed  to  the  negotia- 
tions ;  Pitt  held  out  for  'fair  and  equal  terms'.  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt y  1879, 
i.  147. 
8|xi3|in. 

HIBERNIA  IN  THE  CHARACTER  OF  CHARITY. 
W.  D.  [Dent.] 
Ptib^  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Brown,  Rathbone  Place  March  21, 1784 

Though  dated  1784  this  print  relates  to  1785.  See  No.  6785. 

6460  CHARLES  THE  THIRD,  KING  OF  THE  BEGGARS,  WHO 
UNFORTUNATELY  LOST  HIS  SIGHT  AT  THE  BATTLE  OF 
LEADEN  HALL. 

Pu¥  22^  March  1784,  by  W*»  Humphrey.  N<>  227  Strand, 

Engraving.  Fox,  a  blind  beggar,  is  led  (1.  to  r.)  by  a  dog  with  the  face  of 
North.  He  holds  the  dog's  cord  in  his  r.  hand,  a  long  spiked  staff  in  the 
other,  its  head  ornamented  with  a  crown;  round  his  waist  is  a  belt.  A 
bandage  across  his  eyes  is  inscribed  East  India  Bill;  he  looks  over  his  r. 
shoulder  saying,  This  damn'd  Bill  has  blinded  me.  North  says.  Be  comforted. 
There's  none  so  blind  as  those  who  will  not  see.  They  advance  towards 
a  building  on  the  extreme  r.,  one  window  of  which  is  partly  visible;  it 
suggests  a  debtors'  prison,  cf.  No.  6483. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  East  India  Bill,  see  No.  6368, 
&c.,  and  the  gradual  defeat  of  Fox  in  his  contest  with  Pitt  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.,  virtually  decided  by  8  March,  cf.  Nos.  6461, 
6462.  For  Fox  as  Charles  HI  cf.  No.  6622. 
8JXi2|in. 

6461  THE  COCK  PITT  ROYAL. 

Pu¥  24  March,  1784,  &  Sold  by  F.  Reilly  High  Holborn. 

Engraving.  A  cock-fight  between  cocks,  one  with  the  head  of  Pitt  (I.)  the 
other  with  that  of  Fox.  Pitt  is  in  full  feather,  wings  erect,  one  claw  held 
up,  threatening  Fox.  Fox  looks  down  dejectedly,  tail-feathers  gone,  wings 
drooping.  The  backers  stand  behind  their  champions :  the  Devil  leans  over 
Fox,  holding  up  a  money-bag  and  saying.  He  pecks  again  for  £100!  A 
bishop  behind  Pitt,  resembling  Markham,  Archbishop  of  York,  holds  out 
his  arm  saying.  Done  M^  Devil.  George  HI  leans  across  the  arena,  intently 
watching  his  champion.  Behind  him,  his  arm  resting  on  the  king's  shoulder, 
stands  Wilkes,  looking  over  his  r.  shoulder  at  those  standing  behind  him. 
Pitt's  other  chief  backers,  grouped  together  in  the  foreground  with  the 
king,  are  Thurlow,  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  and  Lord  Nugent.  Behind 
Richmond,  his  mouth  open  as  if  shouting,  is  a  profile  resembling  that  of 
Grafton .  Behind  the  nearer  spectators  is  a  crowd  of  Pitt's  supporters,  some 
waving  their  hats,  some  with  favours  in  their  hats.  On  the  r.  behind  Fox 
five  of  the  most  prominent  spectators  are  Jews  (Fox's  creditors) ;  one  stands 
in  the  foreground  talking  to  North  and  holding  up  both  hands  as  if  in 
despair;  they  stand  on  the  floor  of  the  pit,  only  their  heads  and  shoulders 

60 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

being  visible.  Of  the  other  backers  of  Fox,  Burke  can  be  identified  by  his 
Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026)  and  his  spectacles.  Another  is  a  butcher 
smoking  a  pipe. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  contest  between  Pitt  and  Fox  before  the 
dissolution,  see  No.  6373,  &c.  Fox's  defeat  seemed  certain  by  8  March 
when  his  majority  was  reduced  to  one  on  a  motion  for  an  address  to  the 
Crown  against  the  retention  of  Ministers  not  having  the  confidence  of 
Parliament,  and  on  9  March  the  Mutiny  Bill  was  passed  unopposed. 
Wraxall,  MemoirSy  1884,  iii.  313  fit.  See  Nos.  6462,  6463,  6482.  For  Pitt 
and  Fox  as  fighting-cocks  see  No.  6598.  For  Fox  and  the  Jews  cf.  Nos. 
6617,  6623.  For  the  king  and  Wilkes  see  No.  6568,  &c. 
7jXiiiiin. 

6462  CARLO  KHAN  DETHRON'D  OR  BILLY'S  TRIUMPH 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  March  24^^  1^84    by  S.  Fores.  N.  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  imitation  of,  and 
sequel  to,  Sayers's  famous  print,  Carlo  Khan's  triumphal  Entry  into  Leaden- 
hall  Street y  see  No.  6276.  Fox,  in  oriental  dress  as  before,  lies  on  the 
ground  (1.),  having  fallen  from  the  elephant  on  which  Pitt,  with  a  serene 
and  unmoved  expression,  sits  in  triumph.  The  elephant  stands  in  profile  to 
the  r.,  facing  the  door  of  the  East  India  House ;  its  head,  as  before,  is  that 
of  North,  though  with  an  expression  of  bewildered  distress.  Pitt  holds  out 
in  his  1.  hand  his  New  India  Bill;  in  his  r.  is  the  Stamp  Acty  under  his  arm 
Supplies,  and  projecting  from  his  pocket  the  Mutiny  Act.  Fox  is  saying, 
Perdition  Take  thee  for  the  Chance  is  thine.  On  the  ground  beside  him  are 
a  dice-box  and  dice. 

This  represents  the  situation  after  8  Mar.  when  the  contest  in  the 
Commons,  see  No.  6373,  &c.,  was  virtually  decided.  See  No.  6461,  &c. 
For  Fox's  attempt  to  hold  up  supplies  see  No.  6380,  &c.  Pitt's  *New 
India  Bill'  is  prophetic  in  anticipating  the  Bill  passed  in  Aug.  (cf.  No. 
6634);  his  first  India  Bill  was  rejected  on  23  Jan.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  412. 
Cf.  No.  6406. 
7|Xioiin. 

6463  THE  MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE,  THE  FOOT-BALL  OF  THE 
PEOPLE 

[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Barrow.  March  24.  1784.  White  Lion  Bull  Stairs,  Surry 
Side  Black  Fryers  Bridge. 

Engraving.  Fox,  in  the  air,  is  kicked  as  a  football  between  two  groups  of 
three  men;  from  each  coat-pocket  falls  a  bunch  of  grapes.  He  says: 

For  all  my  cares,  and  long  Harangues, 
Must  I  receive  these  kicks  and  bangs? 
Oh  most  ungrateful,  stupid  Blocks! 
For  serving  thus  your  Old  Friend  Fox. 

In  each  group  is  one  prominent  figure  with  a  leg  raised  to  kick;  on  the  1. 
he  is  a  sailor  in  round  hat  and  short  trousers,  he  grins ;  pointing  at  Fox  and 
saying,  The  next  kick  shall  send  him  to  Bengali.  A  man  behind,  wearing 

61 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

long  striped  trousers,  says  Heflyes  like  a  Wild  Goose.  The  third,  partly  cut 
off  by  the  margin  of  the  print,  is  Jeffery  Dunstan,  collector  of  old  wigs,  see 
No.  5637,  often  used  in  pictorial  satire  as  representative  of  the  rabble 
who  supported  Fox.  The  prominent  figure  on  the  r.  is  a  stout  citizen 
saying,  Tho*  he  '5  a  FoXj  he  shall  have  Monkeys  allowance.  One  of  his  two 
companions  says.  Instead  of  the  Grapes ^  he  has  got  the  Gripes. 

A  satire  exulting  in  the  success  of  Pitt  over  Fox  in  the  House  of  Com- 
mons, see  No.  6461,  &c. 

8Jx  131^6  in. 

6464  EASTWARD  HO !  ORTHE  YOUNG  STATESMAN'S  RAMBLE. 

[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub.  24^  March  1^84.  by  W.  Humphrey,  N°  22y  Strand. 

Engraving.  A  design  in  compartments.  A  satire  on  Pitt*s  return  from 
Grocers'  Hall  on  the  night  of  28-29  Feb.,  see  No.  6453.  The  inscriptions 
over  each  compartment  form  a  running  comment  on  the  whole. 

[i.]  A  T.Q.L.  portrait  of  Pitt  as  Will  Trim,  standing  in  profile  to  the  r. 

[2.]  A  similar  portrait  of  Fox  directed  to  the  r.,  his  r.  hand  in  his 
breeches  pocket,  his  1.  thrust  in  his  waistcoat. 

3iJX2|in. 

[3.]  Fox  (1.)  and  Pitt  (r.)  standing  one  on  each  side  of  a  large  cake  on  a 
table,  each  with  an  arm  raised  menacingly.  Behind  them,  faintly  indicated, 
is  the  Speaker  (Cornwall),  in  his  chair,  and  a  sea  of  heads,  showing  that  this 
is  a  contest  in  the  House  of  Commons.  12  Jan.  1784  (when  Parliament 
met)  was  expected  to  be  'Charles  Fox's  Twelfth  Day,  when  he  will  chuse 
King  and  Queen'.  Gaussen,  A  Modern  Pepys,  ii.  241. 

SilxsAin. 

[4.]  The  king  (1.)  seated  in  his  closet  at  a  table.  He  hands  a  letter,  which 
he  has  just  written,  to  a  man  holding  a  dark  lantern,  and  covered  with  a 
long  cloak.  The  Devil  directs  the  intrigue:  he  stands  facing  the  king 
between  Temple  on  his  r.  and  Pitt,  standing  shyly,  hat  in  hand,  whom  he 
is  introducing  to  the  king.  One  of  a  number  of  satires  in  which  Temple  is 
represented  as  a  conspirator  with  a  dark  lantern,  see  No.  6417,  &c. 

SisXsJin. 

[5.]  A  stout  citizen  standing  on  the  sea-shore,  where  a  number  of  men 
are  carrying  chests  and  bales  from  a  ship  at  anchor.  Beside  him  are  pack- 
ing-chests and  sugar-loaves,  representing  the  tea  and  sugar  sold  by  grocers. 
He  is  Fig  the  Smuggling  Grocer,  and  is  saying.  This  Fellow  Charles  is  no 
Friend  to  Smuggling,  Fll  be  revenged  on  the  Dog.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
Grocers'  Company,  contemplating  the  entertainment  of  Pitt,  see  No.  6442. 
It  was  actually  Pitt  who  checked  smuggling,  cf.  No.  6634. 

4^X3  in. 

[6.]  A  mob  attacks  the  windows  of  a  large  building,  Pitt  stands  con- 
spicuously in  the  foreground,  apparently  about  to  throw  a  stone.  A  stout 
citizen  who  shakes  his  stick  at  Pitt,  is  having  his  pocket  picked.  Jeffery 

62 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Dunstan  stands  with  his  sack  over  his  shoulder  waving  his  hat  and  looking 
at  Pitt.  See  No.  6453. 

4AX4iim. 

[7.]  A  street  scene,  the  sequel  to  the  attack:  Pitt  and  one  of  his  company 
are  being  thrashed  by  men  with  sticks. 

4AX4f  in. 

The  inscriptions  over  the  compartments  of  the  design  are : 

Will  Trim  \  and  Charles  \  Fight  for  the  Cake^  and  Charles  was  like  to  get 
it.  I  But  the  Conjurer y  the  Devil  &  Will  instigate  Nobody  [the  king]  to  write 

to  the  L ds  of  the  Bed  Chamber  to  Juggle  Charles  out  of  the  Cake.  \  Fig 

the  Smuggling  Grocer  determines  to  get  drunk  with  Will  in  the  City^  where 
they  agree  to  \  kick  up  a  Rioty  and  break  Charles's  Windows.  \  Will  &  his 
Drunken  Companions  get  soundly  drubVdfor  their  Pains. 

An  attempt  to  transfer  to  Pitt  the  blame  for  the  riot  of  28  Feb.,  see 
No.  6453.  For  Temple  and  the  Lords  see  No.  6417,  &c. 

8xi2f  in. 

6465  THE  DISCOVERY  [24  Mar.  1784^] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  The  Book  of  the  Wars  of  Westminster :  from  the 
Fall  of  the  Fox  .  .  .  to  the  20^^  Day  of  the  Third  Months  1784.  A  group 
of  seven  men  and  women  standing  in  a  semicircle.  Slightly  detached 
stand  North  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  addressing  the  seven,  who  are  the  Witch 
of  Endor,  with  other  witches  and  other  supporters  of  Fox,  who  have 
met  in  Westminster  Hall  on  14  Feb.  to  prepare  for  the  meeting  on  that 
day,  see  No.  6421,  &c.  North  addresses  the  Witch  of  Endor,  saying.  Call 
Fiends  and  Spectres  from  the  Yawning  Deep.  The  Witch,  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  addresses  her  companions  to  whom  she  holds  out  a  bag: 

Cast  in  your  mite  each  Midnight  Hag 
Fill  the  Protectors  Poisoned  Bag. 

Each  witch  (who  is  to  cast  *in  her  collected  drugs  and  the  name  of  her 
Lover',  op.  cit.,  p.  15),  holds  out  an  object  towards  the  bag. 

The  one  standing  next  the  Witch  of  Endor  says.  Here 's  Old  Nick^s  Nose; 
her  neighbour  says.  Here 's  DeviVs  Dung.^  In  the  centre  of  the  semicircle 
stands  Jeffery  Dunstan  saying  the  Wind  of  Boreas.  The  next  two  witches 
say  BeliaVs  Tongue  and  a  Traitors  Heart.  On  the  outside  of  the  semi- 
circle (r.)  stands  Sam  House  saying: 

and  Gibbetts  Blocks 
But  Hold  ye  Hags  for  here  comes  Fox, 

Fox  enters,  his  arms  outstretched  towards  the  witches,  saying.  And  set 
the  Ministers  of  Hell  to  Work. 

The  background  is  the  pillared  wall  of  Westminster  Hall,  on  which  are 
two  escutcheons,  one  with  a  mantle,  the  other  a  chevron  with  three  swans 
or  geese. 

^  Advertisement:  'This  day  was  published  . . . .'  London  Chronicle ^  24  Mar.  1784, 
*  A  slang  term  for  assafoetida.   Grose,  Diet.  Vulgar  Tongue ,  1796. 

63 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Possibly  one  represents  a  peer's  mantle,  and  is  an  allusion  to  the 
promises  of  peerages  made  by  Fox,  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii.  255, 
the  other  the  Westminster  geese,  see  No.  5843,  &c. 

The  witches*  bag  is  that  which  was  thrown  at  Fox  in  Westminster  Hall, 
see  No.  6426,  &c.  It  was  dropped  accidentally  by  the  Witch  of  Endor  when 
she  clapped  her  hands  at  a  speech  by  Sam  House;  it  fell  and  burst  *and 
all  the  Effluvia  of  Hell  broke  in  upon  the  Scaffold',  op.  cit.,  p.  20.  For  Fox 
as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380,  &c. 

A  copy  of  the  book  is  in  the  Print  Room. 

7jx6j^in. 

6466  REYNARDS  LAST  SHIFT. 

Pu¥  March  25.  1784  by  J.  Wallis  N 16  Ludgate  Street 

Engraving.  A  fox  (I.)  runs  (r.  to  1.),  carrying  off  the  flat  embroidered 
bag  decorated  with  the  Royal  Arms  in  which  the  Great  Seal  is  kept.  The 
heavy  cord  is  twisted  round  its  neck  and  held  in  its  mouth,  while  the 
tassels  trail  on  the  ground.  From  the  projecting  bow-window  of  a  house 
(r.)  leans  Thurlow  in  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown  calling  Stop  Thief. 
The  background  is  formed  of  houses  on  the  opposite  side  of  Ormond 
Street  (Thurlow's  was  No.  14)  freely  sketched. 

On  the  night  of  23-24  Mar.,  the  Great  Seal  was  stolen  from  the 
Chancellor's  house.  Ann,  Reg.,  iy84-5y  pp.  185-6.  As  this  was  on  the  eve 
of  the  dissolution,  when  the  Seal  would  be  needed  for  the  issuing  of  writs, 
it  was  suspected  to  be  the  work  of  Fox  or  his  friends ;  see  Hist,  of  the  West- 
minster Election,  1784,  pp.  77-82;  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt,  1879,  *•  158-60. 
The  theft  delayed  the  dissolution  for  one  day ;  Parliament  was  prorogued 
on  the  24th,  and  dissolved  by  proclamation  on  the  25th.  See  also  Nos.  6468, 
7481. 
8^X12  in. 

6467  THE  ECLIPSE, 

Published  March  26.  lySj^  by  H.  Macphail  AT**  68  High  Holborn 

Engraving.  Pitt's  head,  irradiated,  emerges  from  the  centre  of  a  mass  of 
cloud.  Through  the  cloud  (r.)  looks  the  swarthy  face  of  Fox,  partly  oblite- 
rated by  the  rays  from  Pitt.  From  the  two  upper  corners  of  the  design 
appear  the  heads  of  North  and  Burke.  Below  the  cloud  stand  two  H.L. 
figures:  George  III  (1.),  in  profile  to  the  r.,  looks  up  benignly  at  Pitt 
Britannia  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  1.,  points  with  her  r.  forefinger  to  Pitt, 
while  she  appears  to  address  the  king,  saying : 

them  [sicl  Fiends  of  Darkness  to  P — t 
Shall  Soon  give  Way, 
Reflect  new  Glories  and 
Augment  the  Day. 

Verses  addressed  to  Britannia  by  the  king  are  engraved  beneath  the 
design : 

'  Evidently  an  error  for  1784. 

64 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Behold  Madam  Goddess  that  Black  Looking  Dog 
Which  O,  our  Sweet  Patroness  deserves  a  Good  Flogy 
As  a  Desert  which  he  Merits  may  he  er^e  be  Disgraced, 
And  no  more  in  office  let  him  ever  be  placed. 
All  shall  Yeild  to  A  Youth  who  you  see. 

Like  Chatham,  Shall  be 

For  Matchless  was  he, 

Who  begat  thee. 
And  thou  Like  him  Immortal  shall  be, 
Reynard's  Ambitions  so  Rampant  and  high. 
His  Tongue 's  all  deceit  His  words  all  a  Lye, 
Our  Charters  attempted  which  we  hold  so  near. 
To  root  out  our  Blessings  at  Prices  so  dear. 
All  shall  Yeild  &c. 

Pitt  we  hold  Loyal  as  Britains  great  Boast, 
Preserves  this  our  Country  as  our  Ships  will  our  Coast, 
Pretenders  we've  many  Our  Rights  to  Maintain, 
But  all  Like  bold  Reynards  thier  Pretentions  are  Vain 
All  shall  Yeild  &c. 
Let  Reynard  delight  in  his  Cards  and  is  [«c]  Dice, 

Lord  N [North]  and  B [Burke]  both  may  Glory  in  Vice, 

But  the  Virtues  of  Pitt  tho  he  is  but  a  Youth, 
Shines  zvith  Lustre  Supreme  for  Speaking  the  Truth, 
All  shall  Yeild  &c. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  Fox  by  Pitt  in  the  struggle  before 
the  dissolution,  see  Nos.  6373,  6462,  &c.  *Our  Charters  attempted'  is  an 
allusion  to  the  Charter  of  the  East  India  Company,  see  Nos.  6290,  6364, 
&c.  For  Pitt  as  Chatham's  son  cf.  No.  5984.  For  the  popularity  of  the 
part  played  by  the  king  cf.  No.  6405,  &c. 

9fX9Ain. 

6468  THE  ADVENTURE  OF  PRINCE  PRETTY  MAN. 

[c.  Mar.  1784] 
[J.  Boyne.] 

London  Publishd  by  J.  Boyne  AT"  2  Shoe  Lone  [sic]  Fleet  S*  w^ 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  theft  of  the  Great  Seal,  see  No.  6466.  Fox  (r.), 
as  Falstaff,  his  back  to  the  wall  of  a  house,  supports  on  his  shoulders  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  who  holds  out  an  open  sack  into  which  a  man  standing 
within  a  window  is  about  to  put  the  Great  Seal.  This  man's  face  is  partly 
concealed  by  a  cloth  tied  over  his  head.  Fox  is  bearded,  and  wears  the 
doublet,  slashed  breeches,  and  wide  boots  of  Falstaff  (as  in  No.  6231);  his 
feathered  hat  lies  on  the  ground  beside  him ;  he  holds  the  feet  of  the  prince 
who  kneels  on  his  shoulders,  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  looking  up  at  the 
window.  The  corner  of  the  house  is  inscribed  G*  Ormond  Street. 

Mrs.  Robinson  (Perdita),  standing  with  a  courtesan,  is  in  profile  to  the 
r.  watching  the  escapade.  Her  hands  are  in  a  muff  and  she  wears  a  large 
feathered  hat  on  which  is  a  lozenge  inscribed  Perditi.  Her  companion  looks 
towards  her,  pointing  to  the  Prince ;  like  Perdita  she  is  fashionably  dressed, 
but  her  breasts  are  uncovered.  The  word  suggests  both  the  status  of 
the  pair  and  the  plight  of  their  friends  who  are  reduced  to  burglary  (cf. 
No.  7375). 

65  F 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  man  inside  the  house  may  be  intended  for  Fitzpatrick,  cf .  a  squib 
called  'The  Consultation' : 

Says  F — t k  to  Fox,  *0h  how  can  we  atel 

By  Jasus  you  know  we  have  both  pawn'd  our  plate  ?* 
Black  Reynard  replies,  *We  can  have  one  good  meal, 
By  filching  from  Thurlow  his  boasted  Great  Seal,* 
Westminster  Election,  p.  421. 

For  the  relations  between  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  cf.  No.  6401,  &c. 
I2fx8f§in. 

6469  THE  STATE  AUCTION. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  26^^  by  W,  Humphrey  N"  22y  Strand.  1784, 

Engraving.  Pitt,  as  an  auctioneer,  disposes  of  British  liberties.  A  large 
notice-board,  high  on  the  wall  (centre),  is  inscribed  Commission  Warehouse, 
Money  advanced  on  all  sorts  of  Useless  Valuables,  by  Pitt  &  C°  Auctioneers. 
— ^A^^.  Licensed  by  Royal  Authority.  The  auction  room  is  the  House  of 
Commons.  Pitt  stands  (r.)  at  a  high  rostrum;  above  his  ornate  chair  are 
the  Royal  Arms.  Immediately  below  him  is  the  Speaker,  Cornwall,  in  his 
chair.  Pitt  leans  forward,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his  raised  hammer  inscribed 
Prerogative;  he  says  to  the  porter,  who  holds  on  his  head  an  enormous 
pyramid  of  books.  Shew  the  Lot  this  way  Harry,  agoing — agoing — speak 
quick  or  its  gone — Hold  up  the  Lot  ye  Dund — Ass.  The  porter,  Dundas, 
stands  in  the  centre  of  the  design,  both  hands  holding  the  board  which 
rests  on  his  head;  he  looks  up  at  Pitt  saying,  /  can  houVd  it  na  higher  Sir. 
His  load  is  Lot  I,  the  books  are  inscribed  Rights  of  the  People  in  558  Vol. 
(the  number  of  members  of  the  Commons).  The  Speaker,  acting  as  the 
sale-clerk,  writing  on  a  roll  inscribed  Sundry  acts,  says,  We  shall  get  the 
Supplies  by  this  Sale. 

A  crowd  of  members  walk  out  of  a  doorway  (1.),  their  backs  to  Pitt, 
holding  their  hats  under  their  arms ;  they  say.  Now  or  Never,  Despair  not, 
and  Adieu  to  Liberty.  At  their  feet  is  inscribed  Chosen  Representers.  Fox, 
who  stands  in  front  of  the  last  man,  facing  Pitt,  in  the  attitude  of  an  orator, 
hat  in  his  r.  hand,  1.  arm  outstretched,  legs  wide  apart,  is  saying,  /  am 
determined  to  bid  zvith  Spirit  for  Lot  I.  he  shall  pay  dear  for  it  that  outbids  me. 

Beside  Pitt's  rostrum  and  the  Speaker's  table  stand  several  peers, 
inscribed  Hereditary  Virtuosies;  the  most  prominent,  in  wig  and  gown,  is 
Thurlow;  he  points  with  outstretched  arm  at  Fox,  saying.  Mind  not  the 
nonsensical  Biddings  of  those  common  Fellows. 

On  the  walls  are  various  lots  for  sale :  Lot  2.  is  Magna  Charta;  a  row  of 
stout  volumes  on  a  high  shelf  (1.)  is  Lot  3.,  Obselete  Publick  Acts.  Beneath 
these  hang  on  the  wall  Lot  4,  a  sword,  and  Lot  5,  the  mace,  hanging  head 
downwards.  Lot  6  is  a  judge's  tie-wig.  Lot  7  is  a  gown  or  surplice. 

A  Foxite  satire  on  the  struggle  between  Pitt  and  Fox,  the  former  backed 
by  the  Crown  and  the  Lords,  the  latter  by  the  Commons,  see  No.  6373,  &c. 
Its  particular  application  is  to  the  dissolution  of  Parliament,  see  No.  6476, 
&c.  One  of  the  relatively  few  anti-Pitt  satires  at  this  time;  similar  in  inten- 
tion to  Nos.  6436,  6476;  cf.  No.  6474. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  48. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  121. 

Six  13  in. 

66 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6470  THE  TOMBS  OF  THE  WORTHIES. 

Publish' d  March  2y  1784  as  the  act  directs  by  M,  Smith,  &  sold  at 
N''  46y  in  Fleet  Street, — Price  one  Shilling, 

Engraving.  Part  of  the  interior  of  a  large  church,  perhaps  intended  for 
Westminster  Abbey.  Burke  and  Sheridan,  dressed  in  deep  mourning,  are 
weeping  over  the  tomb  of  North  and  Fox.  The  figures  of  North  and  Fox 
(with  a  fox's  head)  He  side  by  side,  on  a  rectangular  tomb,  their  hands  held 
together  but  the  fingers  not  touching.  North  is  the  nearer;  his  obesity 
conceals  much  of  Fox,  his  eyes  are  closed,  he  is  fully  dressed,  his  bag- 
wig  dangling  over  the  side  of  the  tomb.  Fox  looks  alert,  his  tongue  hanging 
from  his  mouth.  The  tomb  is  inscribed,  They  were  lovely  in  their  lives  and 
in  their  Death  they  were  not  divided.  At  the  head  of  the  tomb  (r.)  a  cross- 
beam, forming  a  gallows  inscribed  The  True  Reward  of  Such  Virtues^  rests 
on  the  capitals  of  two  Corinthian  columns.  From  it  hang  two  nooses  of 
rope;  below,  on  a  slab  between  the  pillars,  is  inscribed.  Thus  Gamesters 
united  in  Friendship  are  found. 

Burke  (1.)  and  Sheridan  (r.)  stand  together  in  theatrical  attitudes, 
Sheridan's  arm  across  Burke's  shoulder;  each  holds  a  handkerchief  to  his 
face.  Large  mourning-scarves  are  draped  round  their  wide  flat  hats  and 
over  their  shoulders.  Burke,  identified  by  the  paper  inscribed  Sublime  and 
Beautiful  protruding  from  his  pocket,  says  Alass;  Under  the  best  of  K — gSy 
an  allusion  to  his  speech  of  15  Apr.  1782,  see  No.  5979.  A  black-bordered 
locket  dangles  from  his  neck.  Sheridan,  identified  by  papers  inscribed 
Theatrical  Justice  and  The  Critic^  says  Ah  Sure  a  Pair  was  never  seen  so 
justly  form'd  to  meet  by  Nature. 

In  the  background  are  other  tombs.  A  rectangular  Gothic  tomb,  on 
which  reclines  a  draped  figure,  is  behind  that  of  Fox  and  North.  Against 
the  wall  (1.)  behind  Burke  is  a  tomb  sacred  to  .  . .  Virtues  of  Jemmy  Twitcher 
(Lord  Sandwich),  it  is  ornamented  by  a  trophy  of  crossed  axes.  A  figure 
hanging  from  a  gallows,  part  of  a  decorative  wall-tablet,  is  inscribed  Here 
Rests  Watt  Tyler.  A  large  rectangular  wall-tablet  inscribed  To  the  Glorious 
.  .  .  of  Jonathan  Wilde^  is  decorated  by  scourges,  birch-rods,  and  a  skull 
and  cross-bones. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition;  the  date  relates  it 
especially  to  the  dissolution,  cf.  No.  6476,  &c. 
SigXisfin. 

6471  PLUM  PUDDING  BILLY  IN  ALL  HIS  GLORY 
Published  by  I.  Notice  Oxford  Road  march  2f^  17S4 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt,  at  a  City  feast,  is 
waited  on  by  members  of  the  Corporation.  He  sits  in  a  chair  looking 
towards  Sir  Watkin  Lewes  (1.),  who  kneels  at  his  feet  in  profile  to  the  r. 
holding  up  a  plum-pudding  in  which  is  stuck  a  large  leek,  emblem  of 
Wales.  Pitt  is  very  youthful,  on  the  back  of  his  chair  are  the  letters  WP. 
Behind  him  (r.)  Wilkes  advances  holding  a  chamber-pot;  he  appears  very 
old  and  toothless.  Behind  is  a  crowd  of  spectators,  shaded  to  form  a  back- 
ground, none  being  conspicuous.  The  heads  are  much  caricatured,  their 
mouths  wide  open.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

The  Chancillor  Billy  behold  here  is  seated 

To  tast  a  plum-pudding  by  Sir  Watty  Intreated, 

67 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

He  Sticks  on  a  leake^  more  his  fancy  to  please y 
And  in  hope  of  preferment  is  down  on  his  knees. 

Squinting  J k  [Jack]  as  the  C n  [Chamberlain]  row^^  in  behind 

Supposing  he  may  want  to  s te  when  he  *s  dine'dy 

He  holds  the  utencil  &  thinks  no  disgrace — 
Lord!  how  folks  are  worshiped  in  power  and  place. 

Pitt  was  entertained  three  times  in  the  City  before  the  dissolution  of 
Parliament,  the  famous  occasion  being  on  28  Feb.,  when  Lewes  and  Wilkes 
took  a  prominent  part  in  his  reception,  see  No.  6442.  On  13  Mar.  he 
dined  at  Goldsmiths*  Hall  and  on  20  Mar.  at  the  London  Tavern.  Cf.  also 
No.  6538.  For  'Plum  Pudding  Billy*  cf.  No.  6813. 
10^X71  in. 

6472  IGNATIUS 
[J.  Boyne.] 

London  Published  March  28 y^  1^84  by  E.  Hedges  N°  g2  Cornhill 

Engraving.  A  portrait  of  Burke,  draped  in  a  monkish  robe  and  bald- 
headed;  the  bare  toes  of  an  enormous  foot  protrude  from  his  gown.  He  is 
seated  beside  a  rock  (1.),  on  which  he  rests  a  book  in  which  he  is  writing; 
his  1.  hand  is  raised. 

For  Burke  as  a  Jesuit  see  No.  6026.    A  companion  print  to  Nos.  6395, 
6396,  6433. 
7|X4|in. 

6473  SFORZA 

by  Rob:  GomersalL 

Price  6^ 

Published  2g*^  March  I784y  by  W*^  Leaky  y6  Wood  Street. 

Engraving.  A  copy  of  the  title-page  by  T.  Cecill  to  Gomersall's  The 
Tragedie  of  Ludovick  Sforza  Duke  of  Millan.  It  decorates  the  centre  of  a 
plate  engraved  with  words  attacking  Fox.  A  fox  seated  on  a  throne  holding 
a  sceptre,  apparently  unconscious  of  a  lion  (France)  which  stands  be- 
hind him  on  its  hind-legs  and  removes  his  crown.  The  lion  (r.)  holds  a 
fleur-de-lis  flag.  In  the  foreground  a  fox  (Sforza)  is  worrying  a  sheep; 
behind  is  a  group  of  dead  sheep.  The  fox  is  seated  on  rising  ground  beside 
a  river,  on  the  farther  shore  of  which  is  a  closely  built  town.  At  the  bottom 
of  the  design  is  engraved,  London.  Printed  for  John  Marriott.  1628. 
Tho:  Cecill.  sculp. 
Above  the  design  is  engraved : 

The  following  exact  Copy  of  a  Print  published  in  the  Year  1628  is  offered 
for  the  Amusement  of  the  Public  With  Sir  Richard  Hill's  Verses  delivered  in 
the  House  of  Commons  on  Monday  the  8^^  of  March  iy84y  entitling  them 
His  Majesty's  most  gracious  Answer  to  the  Mover  of  the  late  humblcy  loyaly 
dutiful  and  respectful  Address. 

Hill's  verses  are  engraved  on  the  1.  side  of  the  print,  with  annotations  on 
the  r. ;  they  are  printed  in  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  743-4.   They  profess  to  be 

^  a8  Mar.  was  Sunday, 

68 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

George  Ill's  answer  to  the  Address  to  the  king  to  remove  his  Ministers, 
moved  by  Fox  on  i  Mar.,  which  the  king  answered  on  4  Mar.  Ibid., 
pp.  699  ff.  and  717-18.  Hill's  line,  All  hail  to  thee  Great  Carlo  Khan!  is 
annotated :  Alluding  to  the  print  of  M'  Fox  riding  upon  an  Elephant  in  the 
character  of  Carlo  Khan  (see  No.  6276).  North  answered  Hill  saying, 
*it  was  exactly  that  kind  of  idle  nonsense  about  Carlo  Khan,  &c.,  that 
had  misled  the  weak  part  of  the  country  so  strangely'.  Ibid.,  p.  744.  Cf. 
No.  6449. 

In  the  centre,  beneath  the  print  of  Sforza,  is  engraved : 

A  Fox  thus  mounted  on  a  Throne^ 
Would  give  the  People  cause  to  moany 
But  Freemen  will  by  Englands  Laws, 
Support  their  King  &  Pitts  great  cause. 

Cf.  satires  on  Fox  as  Cromwell,  No.  6380,  &c. 
5JX3  in.,  pi.  9jxioin. 
Another  impression  without  publication-line. 

6474  THE  DRUM  MAJOR  OF  SEDITION. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  29  1784  by  M*"^  Dacheray  S^  James's  Street 

Engraving.  A  tall  lean  man  stands  addressing  the  populace  in  Covent 
Garden.  His  head  is  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  he  grasps  a  long  staff  in  his 
r.  hand,  his  1.  is  on  his  hip,  and  he  wears  a  long  sword  attached  to  his  belt. 
Behind  him  (1.),  on  a  smaller  scale,  stands  Lord  Hood  in  admiral's  uniform, 
a  drawn  sword  in  his  r.  hand,  holding  out  his  hat  in  his  r.  as  if  making  a 
speech.  He  is  saying  Two  faces  under  a  Hood.  No  one  appears  to  be  listen- 
ing to  the  two  orators. 

In  the  background  (r.)  is  the  portico  of  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden.  On 
it  is  a  group  of  people,  very  freely  suggested,  one  of  whom,  with  hat  held 
out  and  hand  on  breast,  is  addressing  the  crowd  below;  they  look  up  at 
the  speaker,  some  waving  their  hats ;  one  has  a  wooden  leg  and  is  supported 
on  a  crutch.  They  are  supporters  of  Fox,  their  backs  are  turned  to  the  two 
principal  figures. 

The  speech  of  the  Drum  Major  (Major  Cartwright)  is  etched  below  the 
title : 

All  Gentlemen  and  others  Electors  for  Westminster  who  are  ready  and  will- 
ing to  Surrender  their  rights  and  those  of  their  Fellow  Citizens  to  Secret 
Influence  and  the  Lords  of  the  Bedchamber  let  them  repair  to  the  Prerogative 
Standard  lately  erected  at  the  Cannon  Coffee  House  where  they  shall  be  kindly 
received  untill  their  Services  are  no  longer  Wanted.  This  Gentlemen  is  the  last 
time  of  Asking  as  we  are  determined  to  Abolish  the  power  of  the  House  of 
Commons  y  and  in  future  be  governed  by  Prerogative  as  they  are  in  France  and 
Turkey 

Gentlemen  the  Ambition  of  the  enemy  is  now  evident.  Has  he  not  within  these 
few  days  past  Stole  the  Great  Seal  of  England,  while  the  Chancellor  was 
taking  a  Bottle  with  a  female  favoute  [«c],  as  all  great  men  do — I  am  informed 
Gent^  that  the  Enemy  now  assumes  Regal  Authority  and  by  Virtue  of  the 
Great  Seal  {which  he  Stole)  is  creating  of  Peers  and  granting  of  Pensions.  A 
most  shamefull  Abuse  Gent^  of  that  Instrument.  If  you  assist  tis  to  pull  down 

69 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  House  of  Commons  every  person  who  hears  me  has  a  chance  of  becoming 

a  Great  Man  if  he  is  happy  enough  to  hit  the  fancy  of  Lord  B [Bute]  of 

M^  J n  [Jenkinson] .  Huzza  God  Save  the  King — . 

The  radical  Major  John  Cartwright,  Hke  his  friend  Dr.  Jebb  who 
nominated  Sir  Cecil  Wray  on  i  Apr.,  was  a  strong  opponent  of  the  Coalition 
and  of  Fox's  India  Bill.  F.  D.  Cartwright,  Life  and  Corr.  of  Major  Cart- 
wright^  1826,  i.  154.  The  irony  of  the  burlesqued  Pittite  speech  is  increased 
by  the  identity  of  the  speaker,  the  advocate  of  annual  parliaments  and 
manhood  suffrage.  For  the  alleged  attack  on  the  Commons  cf.  No.  6469, 
&c.  For  the  theft  of  the  Great  Seal  see  No.  6466,  &c.  The  first  print 
on  the  Westminster  Election;  voting  began  on  i  Apr.  This  election,  in 
which  Hood  and  Wray,  the  Ministerial  candidates,  were  opposed  by  Fox, 
becomes  almost  the  sole  subject  of  pictorial  satire  till  after  the  close  of  the 
poll  on  17  May.  For  the  daily  state  of  the  poll  see  Appendix  I. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  121.   Small  copy,  Grego,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary 
Elections f  1892,  p.  267. 
9fx8f  in. 

6475  SIR  CECILS  BUDGET  FOR  PAYING  THE  NATIONAL  DEBT. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  30*^  1^84  by  M"  Dacheray  S^  James's  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scene  outside 
Chelsea  Hospital;  the  building  (1.)  is  falling  in  ruins,  columns  from  the 
pediment  lie  on  the  ground,  and  among  them  are  the  terrified  pensioners 
fleeing  from  the  debacle.  Some  lie  prostrate,  crushed  by  the  pillars,  others 
are  escaping  as  best  they  can  by  the  help  of  their  sticks  and  crutches.  In 
the  distance  (r.)  Sir  Cecil  Wray  is  being  mobbed  by  a  group  of  maid- 
servants and  by  a  pensioner  who  raises  his  crutch  to  smite.  Two  women 
attack  him  with  brooms,  one  saying.  Tax  Servant  Maids  you  brute,  and 
starve  poor  Old  Soldiers  a  fine  Member  of  Parliament.  Another  woman 
empties  a  chamber-pot  over  his  head.  A  dog  barks  at  the  fray. 

A  Westminster  election  satire,  see  No.  6474,  &c.  For  Wray  (1734- 1805) 
see  C.  Dalton,  Hist,  of  the  Wrays  of  Glentworth,  1881,  pp.  187  fiP.  His 
proposals  to  abolish  Chelsea  Hospital  and  to  tax  the  employers  of  maid- 
servants were  highly  damaging  to  him  in  the  election.  (He  published  an 
address  to  the  electors  of  Westminster,  explaining  that  he  had  no  wish  to 
reduce  the  pensions  of  the  veterans,  but  had  proposed  to  save  expense  by 
devoting  all  the  money  to  pensions,  the  men  to  live  where  they  pleased: 
^20  to  each  in-pensioner  with  an  overplus  to  provide  for  1,000  out- 
pensioners.  Morning  Post,  29  Mar.  1784.)  For  these  proposals  see  also 
Nos.  6491,  6502,  6525,  6537,  pp.  104, 113,  6576,  6586,  6590,  7892,  7894. 

The  pencil  sketch  for  this  print  is  in  the  Print  Room  (201.  c.  6/47). 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  122. 
8^Xi2|in. 

6476  THE  HANOVERIAN  HORSE  AND  BRITISH  LION. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  jr^  1784  by  W.  Humphrey  22y  Strand 

Engraving.  A  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons.  Fox  (1.),  riding  the  British 
lion,  faces  Pitt  riding  the  white  horse  of  Hanover.  In  the  centre,  behind 

70 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

and  between  Pitt  and  Fox,  is  the  Speaker's  chair,  empty.  Above  it  are  the 
Royal  Arms,  but  in  place  of  the  British  Lion,  as  the  dexter  supporter,  are 
the  words  We  shall  resume  our  Situation  here  at  pleasure  Leo  Rex,  In  place 
of  the  horse  of  Hanover  in  the  fourth  quarter  is  the  word  Strayed.  Fox, 
with  a  whip  in  his  r.  hand,  holds  out  a  bridle  towards  Pitt  saying.  Prithee 
Billy  dismount  before  ye  get  a  fall — and  let  some  abler  Jockey  take  Your  Seat. 
The  lion  says.  If  this  Horse  is  not  tamed  he  will  soon  be  Absolute  King  of  our 
Forest. 

Pitt  is  riding  bareback  holding  the  animal's  mane,  the  horse  kicks 
violently  towards  the  members  of  the  House  of  Commons  who  flee  from 
its  heels  (r.)  looking  back  in  alarm.  Its  forefeet  are  planted  on  a  document 
inscribed  Magna  Charta  Bill  of  Rights  Constitution-,  its  ears  are  back, 
its  head  viciously  forward,  and  it  is  saying  to  Fox,  Pre-ro-ro-ro-ro-ro-ro- 
rogative,  while  it  is  excreting  towards  the  Commons,  its  tail  streaming, 
emitting  a  blast  inscribed  My  faithful  Commons.  Pitt,  who  is  very  slim, 
says  to  his  mount.  Bravo — Go  it  again — I  love  to  ride  a  metal  Steed  Send 
the  Vagabonds  packing. 

In  the  rear  of  the  fleeing  Members  is  the  Speaker  (Cornwall)  in  back 
view,  in  his  gown  and  wig,  carrying  the  mace.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
A  Scene  in  a  New  Play  lately  acted  in  Westminster  with  distinguished 
Applause.  Act  2'^  Scene  last. 

A  satire  on  the  dissolution  of  Parliament  (prorogued  24  Mar.,  dissolved 
by  proclamation  on  25  Mar.).  Similar  in  intention  to  Nos.  6436,  6469. 
See  also  Nos.  6470,  6477,  6538. 

A  pencil  sketch  for  this  print,  apparently  by  an  amateur,  is  in  the  Print 
Room.  Pitt  is  poorly  drawn  and  the  fleeing  M.P.s  are  merely  indicated. 
The  inscriptions  are  given  in  full  (201.  c.  6/21). 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election^  p.  131. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  123  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist,  of 
Parliamentary  Elections ^  1892,  p.  268. 
8|xi3iin. 

6477  THE  RISING  OF  PA— LAMENT.  [c.  31  Mar.  1784] 

[PCollings.] 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  the  House  of  Commons.  The  Speaker  (1.)  in 
his  chair  holds  out  both  arms  towards  the  bodies  of  Fox  (1.)  and  North  (r.), 
which  hang  from  a  gibbet  inscribed  Coalition.  He  says.  This  is  a  Dissolu- 
tion. A  member  seated  (r.)  says,  /  wish  many  Trees  may  bear  such  Fruit. 
Behind  him  Burke  stands  in  a  pillory  saying.  This  is  Sublime  and  Beautiful. 
One  of  several  satires  on  the  dissolution  of  Parliament  on  25  Mar. 
See  No.  6476,  &c. 
6fx8fin. 


6478  THE  WESTMINSTER  CANVASS. 

W.  D.  [Dent.] 

Published,  as  the  Act  directSy  by  J.  Ridgway,  Piccadilly y  Mar^  31^^  ^7^4 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  Guy  Vaux  on  5  Nov.,  is  carried  (1.  to  r.)  in  a  chair 
resting  on  two  poles  by  Hall,  the  apothecary,  and  Sam  House,  two  of  his 
prominent  supporters  in  Westminster.  Fox,  who  is  smiling,  holds  in  his  r. 
hand  a  dark  lantern  inscribed  Amor  Patriae y  in  the  1.  a  bundle  of  matches 

71 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

labelled  Far  the  new  Parliament.  Hall  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  r.  wearing 
spectacles,  in  place  of  a  hat  has  a  pestle  and  mortar  inscribed  All  Apothe- 
cary Drugs  prepared,  Sam  is  in  his  usual  dress  (see  No.  5696)  with  open 
shirt  and  imgartered  stockings,  but  wearing  a  hat  in  which  is  a  large  fox's 
brush  and  a  favour  inscribed  Vatix.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched  in  three 
columns  on  a  scroll : 

Electors  know  no  reason  why 
They  should  not  vote  for  Carlo  Guy 
SaySf  barnacled  Doctor  Capsicum 
And  Sam^  the  patriotic  Scum^ 

So^  {as  boysy  you  may  remember ^ 
Parade  the  streets  in  November^) 
From  door  to  door  in  doleful  ditty 
Beg  he  may  represent  the  City^ 

Declare  Parliament  he'll  reform^ 
And  other  mighty  deeds  perform y 
Deeds y  which  in  place  he  quite  forgot 
But  now  he'll  do  them  piping  hot. 

A  satire  on  the  Westminster  election,  see  No.  6471,  &c.  For  the  begin- 
ning of  Fox's  canvass  see  Nos.  6479,  6480.  He  published  an  advertisement 
dated  30  Mar.,  thanking  the  electors  'for  the  very  flattering  and  generous 
assurances  of  support  he  has  received  on  his  canvass*,  and  apologizing  to 
others.  Morning  Post  ^'7,1  Mar.;  Hist.  West.  Election,  p.  132;  and  No.  6479. 
One  of  the  few  references  to  parliamentary  reform  in  pictorial  satire  during 
this  decade,  cf.  Nos.  5638,  5657,  &c.  (1780),  6575, 7480.  For  Fox  as  Guy 
Vaux  see  No.  6389,  &c. 
7^X12 J  in. 

6478  a  a  later  impression  (clipped),  Ridgway's  imprint  erased  and 
replaced  by  [Pub]  by  H  Humphrey  N'>  51  New  Bond  Str[eei\ 

6479  A  SALLY  FROM  SAM'S  OR  F— X  CANVASSING 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs  March  31  1^84  by  H  M'Phail  High 
Holborn  N  68 

Engraving.  Sam  House  stands  (centre)  looking  towards  Fox  (1.),  who 
stands,  his  1.  hand  in  his  pocket,  as  if  about  to  bribe,  holding  out  in  his  r. 
hand  an  object  intended  for  the  jaw-bone  of  an  ass  (cf .  No.  6420)  and  say- 
ing, This  shall  do  you  justice.  House  holds  erect  a  fox's  brush  from  which 
streams  a  flag  inscribed  The  Intripid Fox;  his  1.  hand  in  his  pocket  holds  a 
bunch  of  ribbons  for  election  favours.  He  says.  He'll  tip  them  his  jaw.  One 
of  Fox's  supporters  stands  on  the  r.,  a  fox's  tail  and  election  favour  in  his 
hat,  saying,  He  Will  Make  Me  an  East  India  Governor.  A  compact  group 
of  four  is  advancing  from  the  extreme  r.,  their  leader,  holding  up  a  pennant 
to  which  is  attached  a  fox's  brush,  says.  And Fm  to  be  A  Captain;  he  also 
wears  a  favour  and  a  fox's  brush  in  his  hat.  Next  him  is  a  stout  man  wear- 
ing a  cap,  holding  a  foaming  tankard  inscribed  Sam  House ;  one  of  the  two 
behind  is  blowing  a  trumpet.  Sam  kept  open  house  for  Fox's  supporters 
at  his  public  house  in  Wardour  Street,  see  No.  5696,  &c. 

A  satire  on  the  Westminster  election,  see  No.  6474,  &c.  Fox  canvassed 

72 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

personally  from  door  to  door,  and  on  30  Mar.  issued  an  advertisement 
apologizing  to  those  on  whom  he  had  not  yet  had  time  to  call :  *he  proposes 
to  have  the  honour  of  waiting  on  them  as  early  as  possible*,  see  No.  6478. 
7fXi2f  in. 

6480  THE  WEST— TR  CANDIDATE  COMING  NORTH  ABOUT 
THE  GEESE 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs  by  S.  Fores  N:  3  Piccadilly  March  31  iy84 

Engraving.  Fox,  North,  and  Burke  stand  together  (r.)  addressing  and 
feeding  a  number  of  geese  representing  the  electors  of  Westminster  (cf. 
No.  5843,  &c.)  while  Pitt  stands  behind  the  geese  (1.)  saying,  Ye  Fools  they 
are  Wolves  in  Sheeps  Cloathing  I  am  your  Guardian.  North,  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  holds  a  satchel  under  his  1.  arm  inscribed  Treasury  Grant;  with  his 
r.  he  scatters  coins  to  the  geese,  saying.  We  Guard  these  Grains  forYou,  Fox 
stands  beside  him  holding  a  List  of  Voters  and  saying  77/  promise  any 
thing  For  your  Votes.  Behind  and  between  them  is  Burke  wearing  a  hat 
with  an  election  favour  and  holding  a  flag  inscribed  For  The  Liberty  of  The 
Flock.  Six  of  the  ten  geese  are  saying  FoXy  looking  towards  him,  two  are 
picking  up  coins,  one  turns  round  towards  Pitt  saying,  but  You  Give  no 
such  Grains. 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  beginning  of  Fox's  canvass,  see  No. 
6478,  &c. 
7jXioiin. 

6481  THE  POLITICAL  CERBERUS. 
W.  D.  [Dent.] 

Pub.  March  31 1^84  by  H.  Humphrey,  iV*'  31  New  Bond  Street.^ 

Engraving.  A  dog  with  three  heads :  that  of  Fox  in  the  centre  is  larger 
than  those  of  North  (1.)  and  Burke  (r.).  Round  its  neck  is  a  collar  inscribed 
Coalition,  fastened  by  the  padlock  of  Interest;  from  the  collar  rise  the 
Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  inscribed  Ich  dien.  AH  the  mouths  are  open  as 
if  snarling.  The  animal's  tail  is  a  fox's  brush  inscribed  Euphorbium  alias 
stinking  popularity,  an  allusion  to  the  bag  thrown  at  Fox  on  14  Feb.,  see 
No.  6426,  &c. 

The  animal  stands  on  guard  before  a  closed  door,  probably  intended  for 
that  of  the  Treasury,  Portland  being  inscribed  in  an  oval  across  the  panels. 
Beneath  this  is  a  knocker  composed  of  a  mask  of  the  faces  of  Fox  and 
North,  as  in  Sayers's  famous  satire,  see  No.  6234,  with  a  ring  in  its  mouth. 
The  stone  arch  surrounding  the  door  is  decorated  with  emblems  of  the 
Coalition :  the  keystone  is  a  mask  of  Cromwell ;  on  each  side  of  it  is  an  axe ; 
at  the  spring  of  the  arch  is  the  mask  of  Lord  Derby  (1.)  and  of  Keppel 
(r.);  both  have  horns;  Derby  is  grinning  and  Keppel  scowling.  Beneath 
each  mask  is  a  noose  of  rope. 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  attempts  of  Fox  to  prevent  the  issue  of 
money,  &c.,  see  No.  6380,  &c.;  the  passing  of  the  Mutiny  Bill  unopposed 
on  9  Mar.,  however,  marks  the  end  of  these  attempts,  see  No.  6461,  &c. 
See  No.  6507,  a  sequel.  For  Fox  as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380,  &c. 
8fxi3iin. 

*  Another  imprint  has  been  erased,  cf .  6478  A. 

73 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6482  SATAN    HARANGUING    HIS    TROOPS    AFTER    THEIR 
DEFEAT  [n.d.  c.  Mar.  1784] 

Sold  by  W,  Humphrey  N°  22y  Strand 

Engraving.  A  sequel  to  No.  6383  by  the  same  artist.  Fox  (r.)  stands 
addressing  his  downcast  followers ;  he  rests  his  r.  foot  on  a  stone  inscribed 
To  reign  is  worth  Ambition  e'en  in  Hell;  his  r.  hand  is  extended,  in  his  1.  he 
holds  the  staff  of  Liberty,  surmounted  by  its  cap  inscribed  LibertaSy  the 
word  scored  through.  Behind  him  and  falling  into  an  abyss  is  a  crown 
inscribed  Paper  Crown.  By  Fox's  head  are  the  words: 

What  tho*  the  Field  be  lost  all  is  not  Lost 
th*  Unconquerable  Will  &  Study  of  Revenge 

Vide  Milton  Par^^  lost  Book  i^ 

The  foremost  of  the  forces  of  Satan  is  Burke  (cf.  No.  6361)  who  stands 
dejectedly,  supporting  himself  on  the  staff  of  a  reversed  flag  inscribed 
Moleck  the  Sublime  &  Beautifull.  He  wears  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026). 
Behind  him,  seated  awkwardly  on  a  rock,  is  North  resting  on  the  staff  of 
a  reversed  flag  inscribed  Mammon.  On  his  forehead  is  the  letter  N  and 
encircling  his  arm  is  (incorrectly)  a  baron's  coronet  reversed.  Between  and 
behind  North  and  Burke  appear  the  heads  of  Sheridan  and  Keppel. 
Sheridan  is  in  profile,  his  eye  is  closed,  he  wears  a  turban  inscribed  School 
for  Scandal,  beneath  which  appears  an  animal's  ear(cf.  No.  6281).  Keppel's 
hat  is  inscribed  27  July,  the  accustomed  gibe  at  the  Battle  of  Ushant,  see 
No.  5992,  &c.  Port}and  stands  behind  North  covering  his  face  with  his 
arms;  he  wears  a  ducal  coronet  and  holds  a  standard  (not  reversed) 
inscribed  Belial.  Behind  Portland  kneels  a  man  in  Highland  dress;  he 
is  probably  Loughborough.  Behind  are  other  forms  and  faces,  slightly 
indicated  but  expressive  of  despair.  Clouds  of  smoke  form  a  back- 
ground. Across  them  is  inscribed  Hell  of  Disappointment.  Two  small 
black  creatures  with  barbed  tongues  fly  upwards. 

The  defeat  of  the  Coalition  was  apparent  by  9  Mar.  when  the  annual 
Mutiny  Bill  was  passed  unopposed.  See  No.  6461,  &c. 
9X13 J  in. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

SATAN'S  JOURNEY  FROM  HELL  [c.  1784] 

Engraving.  Fox,  as  Satan,  with  webbed  wings  ascends  through  flames. 
A  scroll  is  inscribed  Method  to  dethrone  the  K  .  .g  AD  1784.  Beneath 
the  design  nine  lines  from  Paradise  Lost  are  engraved,  beginning : 

As  in  a  Cloudy  Chair  ascinding  rides 

For  Fox  as  Satan  cf.  No.  6383,  &c.;  for  his  ambitions.  No.  6380,  &c. 

5iX4fm. 

6483  IN  OFFICE 

OUT  OF  OFFICE  [?  c.  Mar.-Apr.  1784] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Probably  from  a  book  or  pamphlet.  A 
design  in  two  compartments ;  in  both  Fox  is  making  a  speech,  his  hat  in 
his  1.  hand.  On  the  r.  he  stands  in  front  of  a  small  arc  of  colonnade  as  in 

74 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

No.  6287  (3).  He  points  before  him  with  his  open  hand.  Beneath  the  title 
is  etched :  Commit  him  to  Newgate!  Own  Sentiments! — Government  must  be 
supported!  Necessity! 

On  the  1.  he  is  shouting,  his  r.  arm  raised  and  his  fist  clenched.  Behind 
him  is  the  wall  of  a  strongly  built  prison  with  a  barred  window,  probably 
intended  for  a  debtors'  prison,  cf.  Nos.  6460,  6540,  6558,  6567.  Beneath 
the  title  is  etched:  Rights  of  the  People!  Constitution! — Constituents! — 
Corrupt  influence! — Impeachment!  Charter -Rights! 

For  a  similar  satire  on  Fox  in  and  out  of  office  see  No.  6207,  &c. 
6fX4iin. 

6484  THE  COALITION  PARTY  BEATING  UP  FOR  RECRUITS. 

[?  £:.  Mar  .-Apr.  1784] 
[PCollings.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  North,  and  Burke  form  a  recruit- 
ing party:  North  stands  (c.)  holding  a  pike,  his  hand  on  his  hip,  saying. 
All  gentlemen  Voluntiers  who  will  serve  his  Majesty  Carlo  Khan^  repair  to 

the  Portland  Blocky  or  the  Sign  of  the  Duke .  On  his  high  grenadier's 

cap  is  the  word  Coalition ;  a  fox's  brush  hangs  from  it  and  on  its  summit 
is  a  fox  suspended  above  the  points  of  a  compass  like  a  weathercock,  the 
fox  pointing  to  N.  Fox  (r.)  beats  a  drum  saying.  Present  Pay^  good 
Quarters  and  a  handsome  Landlady  (the  Duchess  of  Devonshire).  Burke 
(1.),  taking  a  ragged  recruit  by  the  hand,  addresses  him  with  raised  fore- 
finger :  Join  the  Coalition  and  you  shall  he  cloathed;  the  recruit  says,  Serjeant 
Kite  &  Corporal  Trim  for  ever!  Burke  wears  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No. 
6026)  decorated  with  a  fox's  brush  and  the  words  Sublime  &  Beautiful. 

This  satire  probably  relates  to  Fox's  canvass  for  Westminster,  see  No. 
6474,  &c.  Cf.  a  squib  quoted  in  Westminster  Election^  p.  244:  'To-day 
M^  Fox  and  his  Company  will  perform  "The  Recruiting  Officer"  [by 
Farquhar].  The  part  of  Captain  Brazen  by  M^  Fox,  that  of  Serjeant 
Kite  by  Sam  House,  and  the  other  characters  as  usual.'  For  Carlo  Khan 
see  Nos.  6276,  6473,  &c. 
7iX9jin. 

6485  [THE  STATE  OF  THE  NATION]  [1784^] 
Published  as  the  Act  directs 

Engraving.  (No  title.)  George  III  and  Pitt  pull  down  Britannia  from  a 
platform  supported  on  two  pillars :  Constitution  and  Commons  of  England. 
Both  pillars  are  broken,  Pitt  puts  his  foot  on  that  of  the  *  Commons'.  The 
king  (r.)  kneels  on  one  knee  in  profile  to  the  1.  pulling  at  a  ribbon,  inscribed 
Frenzy  of  the  People ^  which  is  attached  to  Britannia's  chair;  Pitt  also  pulls 
at  the  ribbon,  holding  out  to  the  king,  whom  he  faces,  a  bust  portrait  of  a 
king  inscribed  Sweden.  Fox  (1.),  standing  on  a  platform  lower  than  that 
of  Britannia,  tries  vainly  to  prevent  her  fall,  holding  her  hand.  His  plat- 
form is  inscribed  The  Principals  that  raised  the  House  of  Hanover  and  is 
supported  on  three  columns,  each  inscribed  Whigism.  The  distressed 
Britannia  drops  her  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty  and  her  shield;  she  grasps 
three  documents :  Magna  [Ch]artay  Bill  of  Rights^  and  Habea[s]  Corpus. 

*  Another  impression  has  the  title  (as  above)  and  'July  i  by  J.  Wjsen  Walbrooke 
— 1784'  written  in  an  old  hand. 

75 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  high  back  of  her  chair  is  decorated  with  three  feathers  inscribed 
respectively  Ireland^  East  Indies^  America.  A  number  of  rats  inscribed  Jack 
Robinson  (see  No.  6427,  &c.)  nibble  at  the  bases  of  the  broken  pillars  of  the 
'Constitution'  and  the  'Commons'.  A  number  of  shields,  each  inscribed 
with  a  name,  rise  behind  Fox  and  above  the  king.  Those  of  Fox  contain 
the  names  of  the  Whig  magnates  who  supported  the  Coalition,  those  over 
the  king  the  names  of  those  who  actively  supported  Pitt.  The  former  are : 
FitzzvilliamSy  Carlisle^  Surryy  Manchester^  Pelham^  Conwayy  Hertford^ 
Tozvnshend,  Portland,  Powis,  Mansfield  [James], ^  Saville,^  Masham, 
Stormonty  Marlborough,  Derby,  Cavendish,  Spencer.  The  latter  are  Jebb, 
Jenkinson,  Galoway,  Bute,  Mason  (with  a  bishop's  mitre),  M'^Crief,  Price, 
Trotman,  Shelburn,  Temple,  Wilks  45,  Muir  Atkinson.  Against  Wilkes* 
shield  is  Es^  on  Woman. 

Pitt  holds  out  to  the  king  a  portrait  of  Gustavus  III  to  incite  him  to  a 
coup  d'etat,  similar  to  that  by  which  in  1772  Gustavus  had  altered  the 
Swedish  constitution  (from  a  weak  and  despotic  republic  into  a  strong  and 
(temporarily)  limited  monarchy,  see  No.  8101),  by  means  of  'popular 
frenzy'  (cf.  No.  6438,  &c.).  The  loss  of  Ireland  and  India  as  well  as 
of  America  is  prophesied.  The  absence  of  North  from  among  the  (Whig) 
supporters  of  Fox  indicates  the  unpopularity  of  the  Coalition,  while 
Radical  names  (Jebb,  Mason,  Price,  Shelbume,  Wilkes)  indicate  the  nature 
of  the  opposition  to  Fox.  The  mitre  implies  that  Mason's  support  of 
Pitt  is  due  to  hopes  of  preferment.  (Mason  had  publicly  declared  that 
he  would  not  accept  a  bishopric.  Walpole,  Letters,  xiii.  126-7.)  With 
these  are  included  the  obscure  (Fiennes  Trotman,  M.P.  for  Northampton ; 
'M^Crief '  is  perhaps  intended  for  Mackreth,  'Bob',  ex-waiter  of  White's, 
and  usurer),  as  well  as  notorious  'king's  friends'  (Bute  and  Jenkinson). 
Richard  Atkinson  was  a  partner  in  Mure  and  Atkinson,  see  Trial  of  Lord 
Melville,  1806,  p.  109,  &c.  For  other  anti-Pitt  satires  see  No.  6436,  &c. 
For  the  title  cf.  No.  5479,  &c. 
7JgX8f  in. 

6486  SOLOMON  IN  THE  CLOUDS  ! ! 

Pu¥  i'^  April,  1784.    by  W.  Humphrey  N"*  22y  Strand 

Engraving.  George  III  supported  in  the  air  by  Thurlow  (1.)  and  Pitt  and 
Temple  (r.)  who  are  themselves  floating  and  held  up  by  air-balloons.  The 
king  is  excreting  a  blast  inscribed.  Proclamation  for  Dissolution  from  a 
Broad  Bottom',  this  expands  into  clouds  which  obscure  the  upper  part  of  a 
building  immediately  below,  representing  the  House  of  Commons.  The 
clouds  are  inscribed  R — y — /  Inflammable  Air.  Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's 
wig  and  gown,  who  holds  the  king  under  the  r.  leg,  is  inscribed  Neighbours 
I  Have  Lost  the  Seal  (see  No.  6467,  &c.).  Two  circular  balloons  above  his 
head  are  attached  to  cords  which  pass  round  his  shoulders,  one  inscribed 
Wishes  of  the  People,  the  other  Air  Balloons.  Identical  balloons  on  the 
other  side  of  the  design  support  Temple  and  Pitt,  that  of  Pitt  being 
inscribed  Wishes  of  the  People  (cf.  No.  6438,  &c,).  The  king  looks  up  with 
a  melancholy  frown,  his  r.  fist  raised  and  clenched.  The  faces  of  his  three 
supporters  express  melancholy  and  concern.  Temple  wears  a  temple- 
shaped  head-dress  inscribed  Temple. 

On  the  ground,  behind  the  House  of  Commons  (1.),  is  a  band  of  men,  on 

*  Probably,  he  was  one  of  Fox's  martyrs ;  possibly  Lord  Mansfield,  see  Walpole. 
Letters,  xiii,  p.  108.  ^  Sir  George  Savile  died  10  Jan.  1784. 

76 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

a  very  small  scale,  holding  a  flag  inscribed  Firm.  The  three  centre  figures 
in  the  front  rank  are  Fox  (c.)  with  Burke  (1.)  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf. 
No.  6026)  and  North  (r.)  wearing  his  Garter  ribbon.  Rays  of  light  emanate 
from  the  band  until  they  are  obliterated  by  the  heavy  clouds  issuing  from 
the  king.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  lies  a  minute  British  lion,  muzzled  and 
Asleep. 

A  satire  on  the  dissolution  of  Parliament,  see  No.  6476,  &c.  For  other 
anti-Pitt  satires  see  No.  6436,  &c.  At  this  time  'air-balloons'  were  adver- 
tised for  sale,  the  sending  up  of  small  ones  was  a  craze :  'They  are  now 
become  a  common  spectacle  in  most  parts  of  our  island',  London  Magazine, 
1784,  p.  159;  see  also  p.  76.   For  the  King  as  'Solomon'  cf.  No.  7525. 

6487  THE  ELECTION  TATE  A  TATE 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  April  r*  1^84  by  H.  Humphries  N"  51 
New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  Sam  House  (1.)  and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.)  sit  in 
profile  facing  each  other,  a  barrel  between  them,  each  raising  a  foaming 
tankard,  one  inscribed  Sam  House  (see  No.  5696),  the  other  Devonshire. 
Sam  holds  in  his  r.  hand  a  torn  paper  inscribed  Sure  Votes.  Over  his  head 
is  a  flag  inscribed  Fox  and  Liberty.  The  Duchess  wears  a  large  favour  at 
her  breast  inscribed  Fox.  In  the  background  are  the  hustings  with  an 
election  crowd,  behind  which  is  a  crude  representation  of  the  portico  of 
St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden,  with  its  clock,  beneath  which  is  inscribed  Sic 
Trancit  Gloria  Mundi.  Polling  began  in  Westminster  on  i  Apr.,  see  Nos. 
6474, 6478,  &c.  For  the  Duchess  and  Sam  cf .  Nos.  6529, 6539, 6548,  6577. 
6iix8|in. 

6488  TIME  SHUTTING  THE  BOOK  OF  KNAVES  OR  THE  COALI- 
TION IN  THE  REGIONS  BELOW 

Publish' d  r^  April  iy84  as  the  Act  directs.  P^  r. 

Engraving.  The  head  and  shoulders  and  the  scythe  of  Time  appear 
above  a  large  open  book  which  he  holds.  On  its  1.  page  is  the  Knave  of 
Clubs  with  the  head  of  Fox;  behind  his  feet  is  inscribed  Pam  be  Civil.  On 
the  r.  page  is  the  Knave  of  Hearts  with  the  head  of  North.  On  the  lower 
edges  of  the  book  are  Fox  (1.)  and  North.  The  book  rests  upon  two  cliffs, 
between  which  is  a  ravine  into  which  it  will  fall  when  it  is  closed  and  across 
which  the  title  is  etched.  Time's  hour-glass  stands  beside  the  book  (r.); 
he  is  the  conventional  figure  with  wings  and  a  scythe.  Pam  connotes  the 
Knave  of  Clubs  (see  No.  6556). 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6399,  &c. ; 
its  date  relates  it  with  the  elections,  see  No.  6478,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Knave 
of  Clubs  see  also  Nos.  6976,  8144. 
9Ax8in. 

6489  THE  POLITICAL  REBELLION  [i  Apr.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  George  III  (1.)  and  Fox  with 
a  fox's  head  (r.)  stand  each  trying  to  pull  the  crown  away  from  the  other. 
The  king  says,  Ungratefull  Monsters;  Fox,  Let  me  have  this  and  Fll  be 

77 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

satisfied.  North  stands  beside  Fox,  putting  his  hand  on  the  crown;  he  looks 
through  his  eye-glass  saying,  Let  us  have  it  between  us.  Pitt  (1.)  pulls  at  the 
king's  coat-tails  saying,  Their  Ambition  knows  no  bounds. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  ambition  of  Fox  to  acquire  the  prerogatives 
of  the  Crown,  cf.  Nos.  6276,  6380,  &c. 

5fX3f  in. 


6490  THE  DUCHESS  OF  D [DEVONSHIRE]  IN  THE  CHA- 
RACTER OF  A  MOTHER.  [i  Apr.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine,  The  Duchess,  seated  by  a 
cradle,  nurses  an  infant.  The  Duke  sits  beside  her  holding  out  a  small 
saucepan.  On  the  ground  beside  him  is  a  large  book.  Treatise  on  getting 
and  nursing  of  Children  by  the  Duke  of  D.  In  front  of  a  large  fire  are  towels 
hanging  on  a  line.  On  the  chimney-piece  are  a  statuette  of  a  Madonna  and 
Child,  vases  of  flowers,  and  a  jug.  On  the  panelled  wall  above  an  oval 
mirror  hangs  a  picture  of  a  pelican  with  her  young.  A  bird-cage  hangs 
from  the  wall. 

The  Duchess's  reputed  neglect  of  her  infant  while  canvassing  for  Fox 
was  a  favourite  subject  of  satire,  see  Westminster  Election^  p.  234,  and  No. 
6546.  Inspired  by  Rousseau,  it  was  said,  she  nursed  her  own  children,  *a 
maternal  duty  wholly  neglected  by  our  fashionable  Dames'.  Pigott, 
Female  Jockey  Club^  1794,  P-  16.  For  the  Westminster  election  see  No. 
6474,  &c. 
5^X3!  in. 


6491  MARS  AND  VENUS,  OR  SIR  CECIL  CHASTISED. 

Annibal  Scratch  Fecit.   [?  Collings.] 

Published  April  2*^  iy84  by  Wilh  Wells  N°  132  Fleet  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Sir  Cecil  Wray  stands 
between  a  Chelsea  pensioner  (1.),  who  threatens  him  with  a  crutch  and  a 
clenched  fist,  and  a  servant-maid  (r.),  who  threatens  him  with  a  broom. 
Wray,  hands  deprecatingly  outstretched,  turns  his  head  in  profile  towards 
the  furious  pensioner,  who  has  a  wooden  leg  and  a  bandaged  eye.  The 
maid  stands  on  a  paper  inscribed  Tax  on  Servants  \  close  behind  her  (r.) 
is  a  door  over  which  is  inscribed  Register  Off  [ice]  for  Maid  Serv[ants].  The 
door  is  padlocked  and  placarded.  This  House  to  be  Let. 

Behind  is  the  river  with  the  fa9ade  of  Chelsea  Hospital  falling  in  ruins. 
In  the  centre,  above  Wray's  head,  a  broom  and  crutch,  tied  with  ribbon, 
are  irradiated.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Sir  Cecil  Wr Sir  Cecil  Wr 

What  a  strange  game  it  is  you  play 
To  keep  y'  seat  which  Charley  gave^ 
You  call  your  worthy  Patron  knave! 
To  ease  the  crippled  Vefrans  cares 
You  pull  their  home  about  their  ears 
And  all  the  pretty  Maids  to  sarve. 
You  turn  them  out  of  doors  to  starve. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Wray's  unlucky  financial  proposals,  see  No 

78 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6475,  &c.  For  his  election  in  1782  as  Fox's  nominee  see  No.  5998.  For 
this  he  was  called  Judas,  see  No.  6492,  &c. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  304. 
8xi2|  in. 

6492  A  KNIGHT  OF  THE  BACK  STAIRS  WITH  HIS  THREE 
BEST  FRIENDS 

Pub  by  Giles  Brush  the  Foxite  April  2  1^84 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  Wray  stands  holding  in  front  of  him  a  large 
guinea,  representing  his  coat  of  arms ;  the  supporters  are,  dexter,  the  Devil 
(1.)  and,  sinister,  a  figure  dressed  as  Folly  who  represents  Jackson,  steward 
to  the  Duke  of  Newcastle  and  one  of  Wray's  election  committee.  Wray 
holds  a  ladder,  emblem  of  the  back  stairs,  see  No.  6417,  &c.;  in  his  r.  hand, 
which  rests  on  the  guinea,  is  a  conspirator's  dark  lantern.  Judas  is  inscribed 
across  his  hat  in  large  letters.  He  says :  Talk  not  to  me  of  Ghosts  me  thought 
I  saw  T ,  .  .  .rs  Ghost,  who  haunts  my  Guilty  conscience  (probably  Sir 
Charles  Turner,  d.  1783,  one  of  the  most  respected  of  the  Rockingham 
Whigs). 

On  the  monstrous  guinea  are  the  royal  arms  reversed  and  burlesqued: 
the  leopards  resemble  monkeys,  the  lion  has  a  barbed  tail.  Round  the  edge 
is  inscribed  The  Golden  Key  or  Secret  Influence.  The  Devil,  nude  with 
horns,  hoofs,  and  barbed  tail,  is  kneeling;  he  says,  Judas  my  child  be  not 
fearfull  of  Your  election  you  are  certain  of  my  Vote,  tho  but  a  Lodger  Lord. 
(Lord  Mountmorres,  one  of  the  most  determined  enemies  of  Fox,  was 
asserted  in  a  Foxite  handbill  of  16  Apr.  to  be  a  lodger  in  a  hotel,  not  a 
householder.  Westminster  Election,  p.  106;  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii. 
297.)  Jackson  (H.L.)  has  satyr's  ears  and  a  barrel  in  place  of  a  hat;  he  is 
dressed  as  a  zany  or  pierrot,  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  rattle.  Across  his  back  is 
inscribed :  The  Scrub  &  Beer  Butler  to  the  Duke  of  N — c — stle  &  Public 
Fool  to  Judas  Iscari[ot].  Beneath  the  design  is  etched:  From  such  evils 
Good  Lord  Deliver  us. 

One  of  many  election  satires  on  Sir  Cecil  Wray.   He  was  called  Judas 
for  opposing  Fox  who  had  brought  him  in  for  Westminster  in  1782,  see 
Westminster  Election,  pp.  138,  141,  143,  &c.,  and  Nos.  6491,  6502,  6510, 
p.  113,  6574,  6576,  6578,  6586,  6589,  6621. 
ioiX7iin.(pl.). 

In  the  Guildhall  Library  is  the  proof  of  a  print — no  title  except  words 
issuing  from  the  mouth  of  the  Devil:  Wray  &  Hood  hanging  from  the  Key 
of  the  Back  Stairs  with  Small  Beer  etc.  (cf.  Nos.  6492,  6562,  &c.). 

6493  FEMALE  INFLUENCE;  OR,  THE  DEVONS ^E  CANVAS. 

[?  Collings.] 

Published  April  3^  1^84  by  Wells  N^  132  fleet  SK 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Duchess  of 
Devonshire,  followed  by  two  other  ladies,  canvasses  a  fat  butcher.  The 
butcher  stands  holding  the  duchess's  1.  hand  in  his  1.  hand,  while  he  wipes 
his  mouth  on  his  sleeve  and  leers  jovially  towards  her.  The  duchess,  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  bends  towards  him,  her  r.  hand  raised.  She  has  a  fox's 
brush  in  her  hat,  which  is  inscribed  Fox ;  her  skirts  are  looped  up,  showing 

79 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

half-boots,  and  she  advances  with  a  masculine  stride.  Behind  her  walk 
two  ladies  arm  in  arm,  both  wearing  Fox  favours  at  the  breast;  one  is 
probably  the  duchess's  sister.  Lady  Duncannon,  the  other  one  of  the 
'select  party  of  the  finest  women  in  England'  who  generally  accompanied 
the  duchess,  including  Mrs.  Crewe  and  the  Ladies  Waldegrave.  West- 
minster Election^  pp.  258,  299,  &c.  Others  were  Lady  Archer,  Mrs. 
Bouverie,  Mrs.  Sheridan,  *the  Keppels',  ibid.,  pp.  246,  259,  299;  Cornwallis 
Corr.,  i.  166.  See  also  No.  6494.  One  (r.)  turns  her  head  to  kiss  an  artisan 
wearing  an  apron,  while  she  slips  a  purse  into  his  hand. 

The  butcher  stands  outside  a  butcher's  stall,  across  the  front  of  which 
another  butcher  leans,  knife  in  hand,  grinning;  he  says.  By  George  Fd  kiss 
the  Dutchess.  A  block  and  axe  stand  in  front  of  the  stall.  The  scene  is 
probably  St.  James's  Market. 

The  first  direct  satire  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire 
for  Fox,  but  see  No.  6487;  polling  began  on  i  Apr.,  see  No.  6474,  &c. 
For  the  results  of  her  canvass  see  No.  6588,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Stokes,  Devonshire  House  Circle y  p.  198. 
8^Xi2f  in. 

6494  THE  TWO  PATRIOTIC  DUCHESS'S  ON  THEIR  CANVASS. 
[Rowlandson.]  [3  Apr.  1784]' 

Pu¥  by  W.  Humphrey,  22y.  Strand. 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  embraces  a  good-looking  young 
butcher,  their  lips  are  about  to  meet;  her  r.  arm  is  round  his  shoulders, 
with  her  1.  hand  she  slips  a  purse  into  his  breeches  pocket.  His  r.  hand  is 
on  her  waist.  Behind  him  is  the  butcher's  stall  with  joints  of  meat,  a 
chopping-block,  and  cleaver.  The  stall  partly  conceals  the  Duchess  of 
Portland  holding  by  the  shoulders  another  young  butcher  who  turns  his 
back  and  rejects  her  overtures.  The  ladies  wear  riding-habits  and  hats 
trimmed  with  ostrich  feathers  and  a  fox's  brush  with  a  large  Fox  favour. 
Beneath  the  title:  Requesting  the  favour  of  an  early  Poll. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  Cf.  a  Foxite  squib  quoted  in  Westminster  Election, 
p.  193,  where  'Fox's  three  friends'  are  Georgiana  the  Devonite,  Dorothy  the 
Portlandite,  and  Harriet  the  Duncannonite.  For  the  Duchess  of  Portland 
see  No.  6539. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  124. 

9|X7iiin. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

NIL  DESPERANDUM.  OR  THE  HANDS  OF  COMFORT 

[Apr.  1784] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  stands  between  two  women  saying 
despairingly  AlVs  lost.  They  wear  fox-brushes  and  favours;  each  puts  a 
hand  in  his  pocket.  Their  identity  is  shown  by  two  signposts :  Road  to 
D — cannon  (1.)  and  Road  to  Devonshire  (r.). 

One  of  many  coarse  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire, see  No.  6493,  &c.  Fox's  prospects  at  first  seemed  hopeless,  see 
No.  6500,  &c.,  and  Appendix  I. 

7|Xiof  in. 

*  Dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins  and  Grego. 

80 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6495  [THE  INCURABLE]^ 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  4^^  1784  by  W.  Humphry  AT^  22y  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Two  T.Q.L.  figures: 
Doctor  Monro  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.  inspects  Fox  through  an  eye-glass 
held  in  his  1.  hand.  Fox,  in  a  strait  jacket,  his  face  distraught  (stressed  by 
his  dishevelled  hair),  his  arms  folded,  sings : 

My  Lodging  is  on  the  Cold  ground  and  very  hard  is  my  Case 
But  that  which  grieves  me  most  is  the  Loosing  of  my  Place. 

Monro  says.  As  I  have  not  the  least  hope  of  his  Recovery  Let  him  be  removed 

among  the  Incurables —  M o.  Dr.  John  Monro  was  physician  to  Bedlam. 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Dazzled  with  hope  He  could  not  see  the  Cheat 

Of  aiming  with  impatience  to  be  great — 

With  wild  Ambition  in  his  heart  we  find 

Farewell  content  and  quiet  of  his  mind 

For  Glittering  Clouds  he  left  the  solid  Shore 

And  wonted  happiness  returns  no  more. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  cf.  No.  6489.  See  also 
Nos.  6496,  6500,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  124. 
7|Xii  in. 

6496  [FOX  IN  BEDLAM.]  [?Apr.] 
/  C^  1784  [?  Cniikshank.] 

Publishd  according  to  Act  of  Parliament 

Engraving.  (No  title.)  Fox  reclines  on  a  blanket  laid  on  straw,  clad  only 
in  breeches  and  a  pair  of  unlatched  shoes.  He  wears  a  crown  made  of 
twisted  straw  and  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  bunch  of  straw  which  he  holds  as 
a  sceptre.  Sam  House  stands  (1.)  outside  a  thin  partition  putting  his  head 
through  a  small  rectangular  aperture  to  look  at  Fox;  he  says,  Ah  poor 
Charley  I  thought  it  would  come  to  this.  Fox  says.  Do  you  not  behold  friend 
Sam  I  have  obtained  the  height  of  all  my  wishes. 

See  No.  6495.   Fox  despaired  of  success  during  the  early  part  of  the 
Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6500,  &c.   For  Fox*s  ambitions  see  No. 
6380,  &c. 
7x91  in.  (pL). 

6497  CARLO  KAN  [?Apr.] 
/C2  J7^^[?Cruikshank.] 

Publish' d  according  to  Act  of  Parliament. 

Engraving.  Fox  standing,  his  waistcoat  and  breeches  partly  unbuttoned 
to  show  his  ruptured  person  which  he  is  holding  with  both  hands.  Beneath 
the  title  is  etched.  This  State  Tinker  in  Sundry  pursuits  not  for  fame  but 
Cashy  at  last  undertook  to  cajole  the  Westminster  Electors;  the  task  being 
severe  and  straining  to  excess  Poor  Carlo  became  Bursen,  &  altho  several 

^  Title  from  Grego.  ^  The  first  letter  may  be  T  or  J. 

81  G 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL   SATIRES 

medical  people  of  little  fame  were  calVd  m,  B d  zvith  the  rest  declared  it 

a  ruptured  case  and  incurable. 

Probably  published  when  Fox's  defeat  at  Westminster  seemed  certain, 
see  No.  6500,  &c.  Carlo  Khan  was  the  name  given  to  Fox  in  Sayers's 
famous  print,  see  Nos.  6276,  6473,  &c.  The  doctor  is  probably  William 
Bromfield,  surgeon  to  the  Lock  Hospital,  &c.,  see  D.N.B. 

9|x6i|in.(pl.). 

6498  REYNARD  TURND  HARLEQUIN  OR  THE  LAST  SHIFT. 

[?  C.Apr.  1784] 

Engraving.  Probably  cut  from  a  book.  Fox  stands,  looking  to  the  1., 
dressed  as  Harlequin,  his  club  thrust  through  his  belt.  He  has  a  long  thin 
horizontal  moustache.  His  shoulders  are  raised  as  if  in  a  shrug;  his  r.  elbow 
is  close  to  his  side,  his  hand  held  out  deprecatingly.  The  background  is  a 
landscape  with  trees. 

Perhaps  relates  to  the  Westminster  Election,  cf.  No.  6500,  &c.   See 
No.  6424. 
6fX4iin. 

6499  ANY— BAD— SHILLINGS!  [?  c.  Apr.  1784] 

Engraving.  Fox  as  a  Jew  money-changer  or  trafficker  in  bad  money  (for 
which  Jews  were  notorious,  see  Colquhoun,  Police  of  the  Metropolis ^  1796). 
His  arms  are  folded,  a  sack  or  large  bag  is  held  under  his  r.  arm;  he  looks 
out  of  the  corners  of  his  eyes  to  his  r.,  frowning.  He  has  a  beard,  a  large 
three-cornered  hat,  an  overcoat  with  a  double  cape  over  the  shoulders, 
striped  and  ungartered  stockings,  and  flat  shapeless  shoes  or  slippers  tied 
with  strings.  There  are  large  patches  on  all  his  garments,  his  shoes,  and 
his  sack. 

Perhaps  relates  to  the  Westminster  Election,  cf.  No.  6500,  &c. 
SJxsiin. 

6500  THE  POLITICAL  BEGGAR, 
[J.  Boyne.] 

Published  Aprill  5.  1784  by  H,  MacPhail  N°  68  High  Holborn. 

Engraving.  Fox,  a  ragged  beggar,  is  barked  at  by  two  dogs  (1.).  Beneath 
the  title  is  engraved,  /  am  grown  so  Unfashionable  that  Dogs  bark  at  me 
as  I  halt  by  them.  He  stands  full-face,  gazing  disconsolately  to  the  1. 
He  wears  a  ragged  coat  fastened  by  one  button,  but  exposing  his  hairy 
chest.  His  hands  are  plunged  into  the  bottomless  pockets  of  his  tattered 
breeches,  his  stockings  hang  round  his  ankles;  he  has  only  one  shoe, 
unfastened,  through  which  his  toes  protrude.  A  line  of  trees  beside  a  path 
leading  to  a  gate  suggests  St.  James's  Park. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c.,  Fox 
despaired  of  success.  On  7  Apr.  he  wrote,  'Worse  and  worse,  but  I  am 
afraid  I  must  not  give  it  up,  though  there  is  very  little  chance  indeed.' 
Russell,  Corr.  of  C.J.  Fox,  ii.  267.  See  Appendix  I  and  cf.  Nos.  6495,  6496, 
6497,  6498,  6499.  5  Apr.,  when  Fox  was  *in  great  jeopardy',  was  'the 
great  push'  in  Westminster.  Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  165.  For  Fox  as  a  beggar 
cf.  also  Nos.  6578,  6624. 
i2iX9in. 

82 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6501  THE  POLITICAL  CUDGELLERS,  OR  THE  MACE  OF  THE 
HOUSE  OF  COMMONS  RENDERED  OF  NO  SERVICE. 

[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  H.  Humphrey.  April  5  1784.  N"  51  New  Bond  Street, 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  are  engaged  in  a  cudgelling  match.  Fox 
holds  out  the  mace  (which  has  more  resemblance  to  a  sceptre),  but  it  is 
broken  by  a  blow  from  the  staff  held  by  Pitt  (which  resembles  that  held 
by  the  king  in  No.  6504).  On  Fox's  arm  is  a  shield  inscribed  Resolutions ^  on 
that  of  Pitt  is  one  inscribed  Addresses.  The  allusion  is  to  the  resolutions 
against  Pitt's  ministry  moved  by  Fox  in  the  House  of  Commons  (see  No. 
6380,  &c.)  and  to  the  great  number  of  loyal  addresses  which  were  made 
to  the  king  thanking  him  for  the  dismissal  of  Fox  and  appointment  of  Pitt, 
satirically  designated  'popular  frenzy',  see  No.  6438,  &c.  The  background 
is  the  lower  part  of  a  building  showing  three  sash-windows  drawn  like  an 
architect's  elevation. 

Cf.  an  election  advertisement  by  Hood  and  Wray:  *M^  Fox  has  upheld 
the  House  of  Commons  against  the  Freeholders,  Electors,  and  people  of 
Great  Britain,  in  the  case  of  the  Middlesex  Election,  and  in  all  the  late 
important  questions  in  Parliament.'   Westminster  Election^  P-  95• 
8ftXI2|in. 

6502  PLUMPERS   FOR   S^  JUDAS,  OR  THE  CHEALSEA  PEN- 
SIONERS REVENGE. 

/  C  [Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥  5^*  April  1784. 

Engraving.  Sir  Cecil  Wray  is  cudgelled  by  two  Chelsea  pensioners; 
another  hurries  towards  the  fray  on  crutches.  A  maid-servant  (1.)  is  about 
to  strike  him  with  a  mop,  saying,  /'//  souse  him,  a  Dog,  Tax  Maid  Servants, 
ha! ;  a  bucket  stands  behind  her.  One  of  the  pensioners  (1.)  raises  a  (broken) 
wooden  leg  to  strike;  his  r.  sleeve  is  empty  and  is  held  to  his  coat  by  a 
hook;  he  has  a  patch  over  one  eye.  The  other,  who  is  being  tackled  by 
Wray,  has  a  wooden  leg,  and  a  wooden  r.  arm  raised  to  strike.  In  the  back- 
ground sits  a  fourth  pensioner,  cheering  on  the  others,  waving  his  hat  and 
a  crutch;  his  wooden  leg  has  been  broken  off  for  use  against  Wray. 

One  of  a  number  of  satires  against  Wray  for  his  proposals  to  abolish 
Chelsea  Hospital  and  tax  maid-servants,  see  No.  6475,  &c.,  and  for  his 
desertion  of  Fox,  for  which  he  was  called  Judas,  see  No.  6492,  &c.  Cf. 
Westminster  Election,  p.  95,  an  ironical  defence  of  Wray  on  these  three 
charges.  A  genuine  defence,  dated  29  Mar.,  is  quoted  on  p.  89.  See  also 
ibid.,  pp.  145,  288. 

7i|XioJin. 

6503  A  NEW  WEATHER  COCK  FOR  ST  STEPHENS  CHAPEL. 
ERECTED  1784. 

Pu¥  Aprill  6  1784  by  J  Wallis  N°  16  Ludgate  Street. 

Engraving.  The  roof  of  a  building,  showing  the  upper  part  of  a  row  of 
windows,  on  which  is  an  enormous  weathercock,  the  vanes  of  which  are 
the  heads  of  Fox  and  North.  On  the  roof  rests  a  die;  above  this  are  the 

83 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

four  points  of  the  compass  below  a  dice-box  which  supports  a  second  die 
from  which  project  the  two  heads.  That  of  North  is  in  profile  to  the  r.  with 
a  long  fox's  brush  protruding  horizontally  to  N.  From  Fox's  mouth  pro- 
trudes a  barbed  dart  pointing  to  E;  he  says :  Oh  that  I  had  never  turn'd 
my  face  towards  the  East-In'^*^"^,  Spiked  on  the  weathercock  is  a  card : 
Knave  of  Hearts,  cf.  No.  5962. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Coalition  and  the  East  India  Bill,  see  Nos. 
6271,  6368,  &c.    It  indicates  Fox's  plight,  see  No.  6500,  &c.    Cf.  The 
Political  Weathercocky  No.  6230. 
8^Xi2iin. 

6504  THE  VOTES  OF  COMPULSION  OR  THE  MAGPYE  CANDI- 
DATES 

J:  B n 

Pub:  by  W,  Stafford  Oxford  Mar*  Ap  6  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  figure  divided  vertically  from  the 
crown  of  the  head,  composed  half  of  Lord  Hood  (1.)  and  half  of  Sir  Cecil 
Wray  (r.),  the  two  Ministerial  candidates  for  Westminster,  stands  on  the  1. 
On  the  r.,  and  on  a  smaller  scale,  the  king  drives  two  electors  towards 
Hood  and  Wray.  That  part  of  the  candidate  who  represents  Hoo4  is 
dressed  in  naval  uniform,  and  holds  out  a  flag  resembling  an  ensign,  from 
which  half  of  the  St.  Andrew's  cross  is  missing;  on  it  is  a  broken  sceptre. 
Wray's  half  is  dressed  in  military  uniform  (he  was  a  captain  in  the  Lincoln- 
shire militia),  and  holds  a  long  spear,  on  the  point  of  which  sits  a  bird 
intended  for  a  magpie  but  with  more  resemblance  to  a  dove.  The  king 
wears  his  Garter  ribbon  and  star,  a  crown  is  suspended  above  his  head ;  in 
his  r.  hand  he  holds  a  staff  identical  with  that  used  by  Pitt  in  a  cudgelling 
match  against  Fox,  see  No.  6501.  (It  has  two  circular  knobs  at  the  butt- 
end,  and  a  cross-piece  near  the  tip.)  He  says :  /  am  resolved  to  have  a  P 1 

[Parliament]  of  my  own  Chusing  see  therefore  that  you  Vote  as  I  have  Com- 
manded. The  two  electors  advance  reluctantly  towards  the  candidate, 
saying : 

Thus  are  we  Driven  to  Vote  for  Hood  &  Wray 
Our  Tongues  say  Yes  but  our  hearts  say  nay. 

For  the  Westminster  Election  see  No.  6474,  &c. 
8|xi3|in. 

6505  THE  MASK 

Pub^  as  the  Act  directs  April  6'*  1^84 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  candidate,  hat  in  hand,  obsequiously 
addresses  an  election  mob  from  a  hustings.  He  wears  a  mask,  which  covers 
his  face,  representing  features  set  in  a  smile.  He  is  in  profile  to  the  r.,  over 
his  eye  is  a  black  patch.  He  bends  forward,  holding  out  his  r.  hand;  in  his 
pocket  is  a  paper  inscribed  Bribe.  The  hustings  is  inscribed  Land  of 
Promise.  Behind  it  and  between  his  legs  is  a  crowd  of  heads  and  hats.  In 
the  distance  are  two  lamp-posts;  each  has  a  man  astride  on  the  lamp- 
bracket,  waving  his  hat;  a  dead  dog  or  cat  flies  through  the  air.  Beneath 
the  oval  is  inscribed  in  a  rectangle  Hypocrisy  ofi  the  Hustings. 

Perhaps  the  generalized  representation  of  a  candidate;  he  has  some 
resemblance  to  Sir  Cecil  Wray,  see  No.  6475,  &c. 
7i6X4|in. 

84 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6506  BACCHANELS  OR  THE  FRIENLY  DROP 
Published  by  E.  Hedges  N  g2  Cornhill  April  6'*  1784 

Engraving.  North  as  Bacchus  sits  astride  a  cask,  in  front  of  which  Fox  lies 
on  his  back,  his  mouth  under  the  wine  which  pours  from  a  hole  in  the 
cask.  North  is  naked,  his  hair  and  person  garlanded  with  grapes  and  vine- 
leaves,  a  garland  crossing  his  shoulder  in  place  of  his  Garter  ribbon.  He 
says.  Friend  of  mine;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  bunch  of  grapes,  in  his  1.  a  wine- 
bottle  whose  contents  he  is  pouring  upon  Fox. 

Similar  in  intention  to  earlier  satires  on  the  Coalition,  cf.  Nos.  6213, 
6235,  &c. 
6|X9|in. 

6507  THE  GENERAL  ELECTION 
W,  D  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  T,  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  Apr^  7.  1784. 

Etching.  A  sequel  to  No.  6481.  A  view  of  Temple  Bar,  with  the  heads 
upon  it,  much  larger  than  life,  of  North  (1.),  Fox  (c),  and  Burke  (r.)  whose 
spectacles  have  fallen  off  and  rest  on  the  top  of  the  arch.  Each  head  wears 
a  wig.  In  three  niches  (in  place  of  the  two  on  the  real  Temple  Bar)  are  the 
headless  bodies  of  the  three:  that  of  North  (1.),  standing  stiffly  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  is  inscribed  Avarice;  that  of  Fox  is  a  fox  standing  on  its  hind  legs 
inscribed  Ambition;  that  of  Burke  (r.)  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026)  in  a 
monk's  robe,  with  a  rosary  hanging  from  his  waist,  and  wearing  sandals, 
standing  stiffly  in  profile  to  the  I.,  is  inscribed  Hypocrisy. 

Above  the  niches  are  the  royal  arms,  reversed  and  burlesqued :  they  are 
in  a  circle  resembling  a  guinea  (cf.  No.  6492);  in  place  of  the  horse  of 
Hanover  is  a  fox ;  the  supporters  are  (dexter)  Britannia  with  three  feathers 
in  her  helmet,  indicating  the  Prince  of  Wales;  and  (sinister)  a  female 
figure  (r.)  whose  head  is  irradiated.  The  lion  stands  upon  a  broken  crown. 
Beneath  is  the  motto.  Evil  be  to  them  that  Evil  think.  The  archway  beneath 
the  niches  is  closed  by  a  spiked  gate,  almost  covered  by  a  placard  : 

Declaration, 

Since  People  in  gerCral  agree 
This  place  should  have  fit  Members  three 
{Whigs,  who  for  so  high  a  station. 
Have  proved  their  qualification,) 
Where  they,  pro  bono  publico. 
The  Crows  their  parts  so  rare  may  show. 
And  the  Nation  serve  most  truly 
Elected  I  return  ^em  duly. 
Justice 
returning  officer 

On  each  side  of  the  arch  bills  are  posted;  on  the  1.  two  play-bills :  At  the 
Kings  Theatre  by  his  Majesty* s  Servants,  The  Patriots  with  The  Triumph  of 
Virtue.  Below  this  is.  At  the  little  Theatre  by  a  Strolling  Company  will  be 
attempted  Oliver  Cromwell.^  after  the  play  a  dance  of  furies  by  Reynard, 
Boreas  and  Omer  with  the  Mock  Patriot  which  will  be  performed  in  a  masterly 

*  Oliver  Cromwell,  an  historical  play  by  G.  S.  Green,  pub.  1752,  was  never 
acted. 

85 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

manner.  On  the  r. :  D^  Ax  undertakes  to  cure  the  most  confirmed  Disorders j 
by  three  doses y  and  to  restore  the  Constitution  to  perfect  Health.  .  .  .  Beneath 
this  is,  Your  Votes  are  desired  for  Edmund^  Frederic  y  Charles  Cerberus  (see 
No.  6481). 

One  of  many  prints  in  which  Fox  is  compared  to  Cromwell,  see  No. 
6380,  &c.   For  Burke  as  Edmund  St.  Omer  cf.  No.  5251.   Cf.  also  Nos. 
5660,  5661  (1780)  where  the  heads  on  Temple  Bar  are  those  of  North, 
Sandwich,  and  Germain.   For  the  results  of  the  election  cf.  No.  6516. 
i2iX9iin. 

6508  SIR     ZEALOUS     GODFREY     GIVING     A     BOUILLON 
RAFFRAICHISSANT,  TO    HIS    FRIENDS 

[J.  Boyne.] 

Published  Aprill  7,  1784  by  H.  Humphrey  N^  31  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  North  and  Fox  as 
invalids  sit  (1.)  close  together  in  arm-chairs,  both  wearing  dressing-gowns, 
instead  of  coats,  and  night-caps.  A  man  approaches  them  from  the  r.  hold- 
ing in  each  hand  a  bowl  of  soup  in  which  are  frogs ;  one  frog  falls  to  the 
ground,  two  others  sit  on  the  floor.  He  holds  his  hat  under  his  arm;  he 
has  a  chain  of  alternate  wine-bottles  and  glasses  across  his  shoulder  in 
place  of  a  ribbon  and,  in  place  of  a  star,  a  medallion  inscribed  Never  Tired 
on  which  is  a  gridiron  (the  emblem  of  the  Beef  Steak  Club);  he  wears  a 
sword.  Fox  and  North  have  expressions  of  melancholy  discomfort;  Fox 
places  a  hand  on  his  chest  saying,  Oh  ...  Oh  ...  Oh  I  shall  never  get  my 
Strength  again;  North  says,  will  this  Bouillon  give  me  a  new  Majority  in  the 
house.  The  man  with  the  soup,  whose  French  nationality  is  indicated  by 
the  frogs  but  not  by  his  appearance  or  dress,  says,  yes  Yes  my  dear  Friends 
it  will  mend  your  Constitutions  Apace. 

Godefroi  Charles  Henri,  due  de  Bouillon  (d.  1792),  was  in  England 
1783-4.  Fanny  Burney  quotes  (9  Dec.  1783)  a  mot  of  Walpole  on  'the 
duke  who  tries  to  pass  for  an  Englishman  and  calls  himself  M'"  Godfrey. 
But  I  think  says  M^  Walpole,  he  might  better  take  an  English  title  and  call 
himself  the  Duke  of  Mutton  Broth'.  Diary y  ii.  237.  Cf.  Walpole,  Letters, 
xiii.  68-9.  The  due  de  Bouillon,  according  to  a  Foxite  newspaper  para- 
graph, *has  interested  himself  very  zealously  in  M^  Fox's  cause'.  West- 
minster Electiony  pp.  309-10.  He  and  the  Due  de  Chartres  were  said  to  be 
'constant  attendants  in  Covent  Garden'.  Ibid.,  p.  305.  See  also  Ann.  Reg.y 
17^4-5.  p.  183. 
iif  X8f  in. 

6509  SR  WATTY  ON  FULL  GALLOP  TO  THE  ELECTION. 

[Apr.  1784^] 
[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

To  be  had  in  the  East  &  in  the  West,  price  6^ 

Engraving.  Sir  Watkin  Lewes,  riding  (1.  to  r.)  on  a  galloping  goat,  turns 
his  head  full  face  saying,  /  hope  I  shall  have  better  luck  than  I  had  at 
Worcester.  He  holds  a  leek  above  his  head,  another  leek  is  in  his  hat.  He 
was  defeated  for  Worcester  at  the  general  election  of  1774  and  was  elected 
'  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks. 
86 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

for  the  City  of  London  on  the  death  of  George  Hayley,  30  Aug.  178 1. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

iS*"  Watty  he  visits  his  Friends  in  full  Speedy 
With  hopes  in  his  Canvass  that  he  may  succeed^ 
Should  he  be  thrown  out^  'twere  a  wonderful  Pity 
For  another  Knight  like  him  is  not  in  the  City, 

Lewes  had  taken  a  prominent  part  in  opposition  to  Fox's  India  Bill  and 
in  support  of  Pitt,  see  No.  6442.  The  poll  for  the  City  closed  on  6  Apr., 
Lewes  being  the  second  of  the  four  members  elected.  London  Chronicle, 
6  Apr.  1784. 
5iiX7in. 

6510  THE  RIVAL  CANDIDATES. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  8^^  iy84  by  W  Humphrey  N"  22y  Strand 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  three  candidates 
for  Westminster,  see  No.  6474,  &c. :  Fox  stands  (c),  his  hand  on  his  breast, 
his  1.  arm  outstretched  holding  his  hat,  his  mouth  open  as  if  speaking; 
he  is  inscribed  Demosthenes.  Lord  Hood  (1.)  stands  directed  to  the  r.,  his 
hands  crossed  on  the  head  of  his  cane ;  he  is  Themistocles.  Sir  Cecil  Wray 
(r.),  his  arms  folded,  looks  over  his  r.  shoulder  with  a  sly  expression;  he 
is  Judas  Iscariot. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Wray  for  his  desertion  of  Fox,  see  No.  6492,  &c. 
See  also  No.  6545.  The  figure  of  Hood  is  copied  in  No.  7341. 

The  plate  is  the  frontispiece  to  the  ist  edition  of  the  Westminster 
Election;  in  the  2nd  edition,  where  No.  6599  is  the  frontispiece,  it  faces  p.  i. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  124-5  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist, 
of  Parliamentary  Elections y  1892,  p.  266. 
8/6Xi2|in. 

6511  THE  HUMOURS  OF  COVENT  GARDEN  OR  FREEDOM  OF 
ELECTION  [8  Apr.  1784^] 

Engraving.  An  election  mob  in  the  Piazza,  Covent  Garden,  the  facade  of 
St.  Paul's  Church,  with  figures  gesticulating  on  the  hustings,  indicated  in 
the  background.  The  whole  space  is  crowded  with  people  in  violent  and 
disorderly  contest.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  a  man  with  a  grotesquely  ugly 
profile,  holding  a  flag  inscribed  No  Back  Stairs  No  Court  Candidate  Free- 
dom for  Every  is  carried  on  the  shoulders  of  a  lean  man.  He  is  followed  by 
a  man  whose  queue  is  being  pulled  by  a  large  burly  market-woman,  who 
clenches  her  fist.  In  the  centre  a  stout  man,  probably  a  chairman,  a  patch 
over  one  eye,  attacks  with  a  bludgeon  a  well-dressed  man  of  exaggerated 
leanness,  holding  him  by  the  lapel  of  his  coat.  The  bludgeon-man  has  a 
favour  in  his  cap  inscribed  (?)  Towny  his  victim  a  favour  inscribed  An 
Elector.  Three  men  lie  on  the  ground,  one  (r.)  lies  across  another;  a  large 
favour  in  his  hat  is  inscribed  No  Undue  Influence.  A  woman  with  a  stall 
of  cakes  is  being  thrown  down.  Two  viragoes  (r.)  fight  viciously,  one  holds 
the  other's  nose  flourishing  a  broken  bottle  over  her  head.  Behind  her  is 
a  flag  inscribed  The  Womans  Man  for  Ever.  Hats,  stones,  clubs,  a  wig,  a 
^  So  dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins. 

87 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

cat,  fly  in  the  air.  In  the  thick  of  the  crowd  (1.)  a  coach  is  being  overturned, 
a  man  leans  from  the  window. 

Three  figures  on  a  very  small  scale  address  the  mob  from  the  hustings, 
the  central  one  being  Fox,  the  others  Hood  and  Wray.  Near  the  hustings 
is  a  high  gallows  with  a  fox's  head;  from  it  hangs  a  placard:  Dying  speech. 
A  man  brandishes  a  squalling  cat  which  he  holds  by  the  tail.  High  on  a 
pole  surmounted  by  a  crescent  is  hung  a  petticoat  inscribed  No  petticoat 
Government.  To  a  broom  is  attached  a  flag  inscribed  Slats  &  Garters  to 
sell.  Other  flags  are  inscribed,  No  Black  Leg  the  Admiral  for  Ever;  Whig 
Interest ;  No  Soldiers  No  Bayonets ^  and  No  Faction  No  F.  Above  the  design 
is  engraved,  The  Rival  Candidates ^  a  Farce y^  Performed  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre  ! 

Covent  Garden  and  its  vicinity  during  the  election  (see  No.  6474,  &c.) 
was  *a  scene  of  outrage  and  even  of  bloodshed,  resembling  the  Polish 
dietines'.  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  iii.  341. 

A  prelude  by  Colman,  *The  Election  of  the  Managers*,  was  played  at  the 
Haymarket  showing  'the  hustings  of  Covent  Garden  with  the  entire  routine 
of  an  election — flags,  mottos,  mobs,  and  uproar*.  London  Chronicle,  3  June 
1784.  Baker,  Biog.  Dram.,  i8i2,  ii.  188.  Of.  No.  5699  (1780)  and  No. 
7352,  &c.  (1788). 
8Jxi2jin. 

6512  THE  SOLILOQUY  OF  REYNARD!  [c.  8  Apr.  1784] 

[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Printed  as  the  Act  directs^  for  E.  Richy  No.  55,  Fleet-Street — Price  6^ 

Engraving.  Heading  to  a  printed  black-bordered  broadside.  Fox,  with  a 
fox's  head,  lies  full  length  on  a  table,  his  hands  together  like  a  recumbent 
figure  on  a  tomb,  as  in  No.  6470.  One  mourner  stands  at  his  head  (1.), 
another  at  his  feet  (r.),  each  holding  a  handkerchief  to  his  eyes.  Round 
their  flat  hats  and  over  their  shoulders  are  mourning-scarves.  The  mourner 
at  his  head  is  identified  in  an  old  hand  as  Burke.  Both  are  poorly  charac- 
terized. Beneath  the  (printed)  title  is  printed.  Alias  the  Goose-Catcher! 
[cf.  No.  5843]  — alias  Carlo-Khan!  [cf.  No.  6473]  — alias  the  Westminster 
Mountebank!  — alias  the  Man  of  the  People!  — &c.  To  which  is  added,  a 
Devonshire  Lamentation!  and  an  Epitaph!  by  the  Widow  of  the  Murdered 
Man. 

Beneath  are  verses  in  two  columns :  first.  Soliloquy  (40  11.),  beginning, 

^'The  gloomy  Crisis  of  my  Fate  draws  near; 
''And  in  Despight  of  all  my  puffing  Friends, 
"{Whose  subtile  Paragraphs,  and  well-frarrHd  Lies, 
''Made  Truth  itself  seems  false,  and  Falshood  true) 
"My  Fame  Politic  dies!  .  .  . 

It  ends, 

"But,  Oh!  the  King  would  hear  his  Subjects  Cries! 
"And  {Spite  of  all  my  Efforts  to  prevent  it) 
"Their  Charters,  Rights,  and  Liberties  maintain' d!'^ 

Having  'discharged  the  above  tremendous  Cataract  of  Oratory',  Fox  fell 
into  a  trance,  as  represented  in  the  plate.   Cf.  No.  6405. 

'  A  comic  opera  by  Bate  (Bate-Dudley),  1775. 
88 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

In  The  Devonshire  Lamentation  (18  11.)  the  Duchess  asks  rhetorically: 
Did  I  the  Tongue  of  Calumny  defy^ 
And  o'er  the  Bounds  of  Delicacy  fly? 
Forget  my  Sex's  softness^  to  defend 
The  sinking  Cause  of  my  politic  Friend; 
And  all  for  nought? — 
In  the  Epitaph  (14  11.)  the  widow  mourns  her  *butcher'd  Husband* 
(killed  in  an  election  riot,  cf.  No.  6593).^ 

A  satire  on  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c.  From  3  to  17  or 
19  Apr.  Fox's  defeat  seemed  certain,  see  Appendix  I  and  Russell,  Corr.  of 
FoXy  ii.  267-8.  See  No.  6513,  a  sequel.  For  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  For  the  broadside  obituary,  a  traditional  form  both  of 
eulogy  and  satire,  see  J.  W.  Draper,  A  Century  of  Broadside  Elegies, 
5|x8-|  in.;  broadside,  i8|xi3  in. 

6513  THE  LAST  DYING  WORDS  OF  REYNARD  THE  FOX! 
[?  J.  Barrow.] 

Printed  as  the  Act  directs^  for  E.  Richy  No.  55^  Fleet  Street. 

[c.  8  Apr.  1784]  ^ 
The  plate  of  No.  6512  used  to  illustrate  a  similar  black-bordered  broadside. 
After  the  (printed)  title  is  printed  Alias  the  Goose-Catcher!  .  .  [as  in  No. 
6512]  &c.  &c.  &c.  who  departed  this  Life  under  the  Hustings^  near  S*  Paul's 
Covent-Gardenj  a  few  Days  after  the  Commencement  of  the  Polly  for  want 
of  Assistance y  although  attended  by  the  whole  learned  Body  of  Irish  Chairmen. 
To  which  is  added  his  Elegy!  by  her  Grace  of  D e.   With  his  Epitaph! 

The  last  dying  words  are  lengthy;  they  begin:  Terdition  catch  that 
Wray!  I  am  lost  for  ever!  . ,  .*  and  end,  'curse  on  all  the  World  but  my  dear 
Perditta;  oh!  I  am  now  nothing'.  For  Fox  and  Perdita  see  No.  61 17,  &c. 
Beneath  are  verses  in  two  columns. 

A  sequel  to  No.  6512. 
5jx8f  in.;  broadside,  i8|x  13  in. 

6514  THE  PARODY,— OR  MOTHER  COLE  AND  LOADER. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  10*^  iy84  by  W.  Humphrey  N*"  22y  Strand 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  North  as  Mother  Cole 
is  seated  full-face  in  an  arm-chair,  the  tips  of  his  fingers  sanctimoniously 
together.  Beside  him  sits  Fox,  as  Loader,  a  handkerchief  in  his  r.  hand,  his 
1.  pointing  upwards .  North  says,  Ay  I  am  agoing;  a  wasting  and  a  wasting — 
what  will  become  of  the  House  when  I  am  gone  Heaven  knows — No — When 
people  are  Missed  then  they''"  Mourn' d — Sixteen  years  have  I  lived  in  S* 
Stephens  Chaple  comfortably  and  creditably;  and  tho  I  say  ity  could  have  got 
bail  any  hour  of  the  day!  no  knock  me  down  doings  in  my  house  y  a  set  of  regular 
sedate  sober  Customers — no  rioters — Sixteen  did  I  say — Ayy  eighteen  years  have 
I  paid  Scott  and  Lot — and  during  the  whole  time  nobody  have  said  M^^  North 
Why  do  you  so?  unless  twice  that  I  was  threatned  with  impeachment  and  three 
times  with  a  Halter! 

^  No.  6513  is  dated  8  Apr.  1786  by  Mr.  Stephens.  Nicholas  Casson,  a  constable, 
was  lulled  on  10  May.  If  he  is  *the  murdered  man'  No.  6512  would  appear  to 
relate  to  the  prospects  of  a  scrutiny  or  to  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition  in  the  election. 

89 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Fox  says,  May  I  lose  deal^  with  an  honour  at  bottom^  if  Old  Moll  does  not 
bring  tears  in  my  Eyes. 

Mother  Cole  wears  a  hood  and  loose  gown  over  her  petticoat,  her  shoes 
are  slashed  to  ease  her  bulging  feet.  By  her  side  is  a  bottle  labelled  Con- 
stitution Cordial.  Fox  is  dressed  in  his  customary  manner;  at  his  side  is 
an  overturned  dice-box  and  dice.  After  the  title  is  etched  See  Foot's  Minor 
page  2g. 

North  is  represented  as  the  sanctimonious  bawd  (for  whom  Mother 
Douglas  was  the  supposed  original)  who  became  a  follower  of  Whitefield, 
Fox  as  the  sharping  gamester.  The  words  of  the  play  are  cleverly  parodied, 
the  indictments  of  Mother  Cole  being  changed  into  the  threats  of  impeach- 
ment which  Fox  had  made  against  North,  cf.  Nos.  6187,  &c.,  6393. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  125. 
8JXi2|in. 

6515  TEMPLE'S  NEW  DOCK  YARD. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  April  10.  1784. 

Engraving.  A  man-of-war  supported  on  two  trestles,  one  at  the  stem  (1.) 
the  other  at  the  bows.  Temple  stands  in  the  ship,  in  profile  to  the  1., 
hands  on  the  upper  end  of  a  two-handed  saw,  whose  blade  passes  vertically 
through  the  ship,  its  lower  handle  held  by  Thurlow,  in  profile  to  the  r., 
whose  head  is  under  the  vessel's  keel.  They  are  dividing  the  ship  longi- 
tudinally from  poop  to  bows;  on  her  hull  is  inscribed.  The  Old  Constitu- 
tion built  in  the  Year  1688  Broke  up  in  1^83-4  as  no  longer  Serviceable. 
The  saw-blade  is  inscribed  Unhackneyed  in  the  way  of  Sawing.  Temple 
says.  They  shall  have  the  Starboard  side  at  S*  James's.  Thurlow  says,  My 
Family  at  Stephen's  [the  Lords]  shall  have  the  Larboard  side. 

George  III  stands,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  leaning  forward  from  the  r.  margin 
of  the  design,  a  raised  axe  in  his  hands,  having  hacked  off  the  figurehead, 
Britannia,  which  lies  on  the  ground.  He  says.  And  I'll  have  you  MisSy  to 
light  my  Fire. 

On  the  1.  is  a  new  ship  on  the  stocks.  The  Absolute,  at  r.  angles  to  the 
Old  Constitution,  showing  her  poop,  supported  by  props,  three  of  which 
are  inscribed  Ambition,  The  backstairs,  and  Secret  Influence.  She  is  Building 
at  Chatham,  probably  an  allusion  to  Pitt.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved 
£1^000  p*  Annum  for  Double  Tides,  an  allusion  to  Thurlow's  income  as 
Lord  Chancellor;  he  had  held  office  under  North,  Rockingham,  and  Shel- 
burne,  lost  it  under  the  Coalition  and  was  re-appointed  under  Pitt.  Cf. 
also  No.  6252. 

One  of  a  number  of  satires  on  the  part  taken  by  Temple  in  the  defeat  of 
the  India  Bill  in  the  Lords  leading  to  the  appointment  of  Pitt  by  'back- 
stairs' influence.  See  No.  6417,  &c. 
SfXH^in. 

6516  THE  TIMES. 

Publishd  by  S.  Fores.  N°  3.  Piccadilly.  April  10.  1784. 

Etching.  Fox  stands  full-face  with  a  wooden  r.  leg  supported  by  a  crutch 
under  his  r.  arm.  His  1.  hand  is  held  towards  three  winged  fish,  flying 
away  from  him,  to  each  of  which  is  tied  a  loaf.  They  are  inscribed  Loaves 
&  Fishes.  Across  Fox's  waistcoat  is  inscribed  Bowels  of  Compassion  for 
India;  his  paunch  is  shrunken  as  compared  with  its  normal  size.  The  head 

90 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

of  his  crutch  is  that  of  North,  the  crutch  itself  is  inscribed  Majority  of  the 
Home  of  Commons.  The  wooden  leg  is  inscribed  Popularity ^  the  other  leg 
Oratory.  A  man  (1.)  stoops  down  holding  a  flaming  torch  to  the  bottom  of 
the  crutch,  while  he  empties  a  bag  inscribed  Gun  Powder  on  the  ground 
at  its  foot. 

Behind  is  the  outline  of  a  hill  above  which  (1.)  rises  a  sun  surrounded 
with  rays,  inscribed  Pitt  and  Sun  rise.  Low  down  (r.)  a  setting  sun  is  half 
below  the  horizon;  its  rays  are  smaller  and  shadowed  by  clouds.  This  is 
inscribed  Fox  and  Sun  set. 

The  disappearance  of  Fox's  majority,  based  on  the  support  of  North  and 
his  followers,  was  by  this  time  certain,  see  No.  6657,  &c.    For  the  loaves 
and  fishes  cf.  No.  6915,  &c. 
7isX7Am. 

6517  NO  LONGER  SOUR  OR  FOX  IN  HIS  GLORY.  [?  1784] 
Publishd  Aprill  10  Turner  Snow  Hill 

Engraving.  A  fox  guzzles  grapes  at  the  foot  of  a  vine  which  extends  across 
the  design  from  1.  to  r.  Beside  his  fore-paws  (1.)  is  a  mask  lying  on  the 
circular  top  of  an  E.O.  table  (cf.  No.  5928,  &c.);  near  it  lie  playing-cards. 
Behind  (r.),  the  Devil  bears  off  North  who  is  seated  on  his  shoulders. 

Fox  is  apparently  represented  as  having  thrown  off  the  mask  of  public 
spirit.  The  print  was  perhaps  published  in  1783,  cf.  No.  6208. 
8X9i^6in. 

6518  THE  TOTTERING  PYRAMID.  N^  11 

Published  April  y'  iiy  iy84^  by  G.  Humphrey  Print  Seller  N'^  48  Long 
Acre  London. 

Engraving.  A  pyramid  of  heads  supported  on  a  rectangular  base,  in  front 
of  which  lie  a  badger  (1.),  representing  North,  and  a  fox  (r.),  their  tails 
crossed  and  held  together  by  a  ribbon.  In  a  central  medallion  above  the 
animals'  tails  is  a  profile  with  the  head  of  Fox  superimposed  on  that  of 
North,  as  in  No.  6183  but  reversed.  A  scroll  draped  from  each  animal's 
head  across  the  medallion  is  inscribed  Interest ,  &  Ambition. 

The  apex  of  the  pyramid  is  the  head  of  Fox  wearing  a  laurel  wreath 
and  saying.  If  his  Highness  Wags  a  Feather  Fm  down.  The  head  beneath 
him  is  that  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  wearing  a  coronet  with  the  words  Ich 
Dien  and  decorated  with  the  three  feathers,  the  central  one  supporting 
the  head  of  Fox.  The  Prince  says.  It  deserves  an  Increase  of  Establishment 
to  be  thus  Situated  (for  the  dispute  between  the  king  and  the  Coalition 
Ministry  in  June  1783  over  the  Prince's  establishment  see  No.  6257,  &c.). 
The  Prince's  head  rests  upon  that  of  Burke,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  and  that  of 
North  to  the  r.  Burke  says,  Mine  is  not  an  (Economical  Situation  (alluding 
to  his  Bill  for  Economical  Reform,  see  No.  5657,  &c.);  North  says,  /  wish 
I  was  Uppermost.  These  two  heads  rest  on  the  mitres  of  three  bishops,  all 
full  face  and  poorly  characterized.  That  on  the  1.  is  identified  in  a  con- 
temporary hand  as  Hinchcliffe  (Bishop  of  Peterborough  and  Master  of 
Trinity,  noted  for  his  liberal  opinions).  The  other  two  are  probably 
Shipley,  Bishop  of  St.  Asaph,  and  Watson  of  Llandaff ;  these  three  had 
opposed  the  American  War,  and  were  prominent  Whigs  (cf.  No.  5983). 
The  bishops  rest  on  four  heads,  those  on  the  outside  being  in  profile,  the 

91 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Other  two  full-face.  Lord  John  Cavendish,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  ssiys^  I  cannot 
fall  much  lower;  next  him  is  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  then  Keppel,  then  Powys, 
saying,  Landed  Interest ^  and  yet  I  ain  neither  Top  nor  Bottom,  Five  heads 
form  the  base  of  the  pyramid :  the  third  and  fourth  from  the  1.,  facing  each 
other,  are  Lord  Carlisle  and  the  Duke  of  Portland ;  the  fifth,  in  profile  to  the 
r.,  may  be  intended  for  Sheridan. 

One  of  many  attacks  on  the  Coalition;  the  date  suggests  that  it  was 
intended  to  influence  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c.,  and 
Appendix  L  For  Fox  and  the  Prince  cf.  No.  6401,  &c.   Cf.  No.  6428. 
iiiixSf  in. 

6519  THE  RT  HONBLE  cs  js  pOX  SHEWING  BRITTANIA  THE 
DIABOLICAL  M— RD— RS  &C.  COMM— T— D  IN  I— DIA.  HIS 
REASON  FOR  BRINGING  IN  A  REF— M  B— LL. 

B.K.  sc, 

April  12  iy84  Pub  d  as  the  Act  direct  [sic]  N"  14  Dover  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  (r.)  behind  his  peep-show,  a  rectangular  box, 
supported  on  trestles,  which  is  a  model  of  the  India  House  showing  (r.) 
the  Leadenhall  Street  fa9ade.  On  the  side  of  the  box  (1.)  are  two  circular 
holes  through  which  Britannia  stoops  to  look.  She  supports  herself  on  her 
shield  which  rests  on  the  ground;  in  her  1.  hand  is  the  cap  of  Liberty  on 
a  long  staff.  The  box  is  inscribed  A  View  of  India.  On  its  top  stand  three 
small  figures  or  puppets :  an  Englishman  brandishing  a  club  in  his  1.  hand, 
his  r.  holds  by  the  neck  a  kneeling  Indian;  on  his  1.  a  headless  Oriental 
proffers  gifts. 

The  only  satire  in  the  Catalogue  explicitly  vindicating  Fox's  India  Bill ; 
cf.  No.  6277,  a  defence  of  the  Bill  which  is  partly  at  least  ironical,  and 
Nos.  6386,  6582. 

Reissued  14  July  1789,  see  No.  7543. 
8ix8|in. 

6520  THE  DEVONSHIRE,  OR  MOST  APPROVED  METHOD  OF 
SECURING  VOTES 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  12*^  iy84  by  M«  Dacheray  S^  James's  Street 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  1.,  kisses  a  fat 
butcher,  putting  her  arms  round  his  shoulders.  She  wears  a  hat  trimmed 
with  feathers  and  ribbons.  A  plump  woman  approaches  the  butcher  from 
the  1.  holding  out  her  arms  and  shouting  Huzza — Fox  for  Ever.  Her  dress, 
with  uncovered  breast,  suggests  that  she  is  a  courtesan.^  Behind  (1.)  a  man 
wearing  jack-boots  holding  a  butcher's  tray  under  his  arm  advances 
towards  the  group,  waving  his  hat  and  shouting. 

*  Grego  suggests  that  she  may  be  the  Duchess  of  Gordon,  but  the  duchess,  like 
Mrs.  Hobart  (also  plump),  was  opposed  to  Fox.  Anti-Fox  newspaper  paragraphs 
did  their  best  to  suggest  that  the  ladies  who  canvassed  for  Fox  were  of  bad  charac- 
ter, e.g. :  'Among  the  fairest  of  the  fair  canvassers  on  the  part  of  the  Man  of  the 
People,  none  was  more  successful  than  the  Corbina  alias  the  White  Crow,  not  the 
Bird  of  Paradise  [Mrs.  Mahon],  nor  the  Perdita  [Mrs.  Robinson],  sent  so  many  polls 
to  the  Hustings.'  Quoted  in  Westminster  Election,  1784,  p.  232.  *Lady  Grosvenor, 
Lady  Dornhoff,  Lady  Cr —  [Craven],  just  come  from  Paris,  and  Lady  Worsley,  are 
among  the  canvassers  who  have  the  modesty  to  attempt  to  dictate  to  the  honest 
tradesman  and  independent  citizen.'  Ibid.,  p.  240.   Cf.  No.  6546,  &c. 

92 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

One  of  a  number  of  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire for  Fox  at  the  Westminster  Election;  it  appears  in  No.  6625.  Cf. 
No.  6393,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  126  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist,  of 
Parliamentary  Elections^  1892,  p.  270. 
8jxi2f  in. 

6520  A  Another  impression,  imprint  erased  and  replaced  by  W.  Humphrey 
N°  22y  Strand. 

6521  DEVONIA,  THE  BEAUTIFUL  DAUGHTER  OF  LOVE  & 
LIBERTY,  INVITING  THE  SONS  OF  FREEDOM  TO  HER 
STANDARD  IN  COVENT  GARDEN. 

WPC,  [Carey.] 

Pub.  according  to  act  of  Par^  by  W:  Holland^  N°  66 y  Drury  Lane, 
April  12,  1784. 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  is  the  centre  of  a  group  of  can- 
vassing ladies.  She  stands  full-face  looking  to  the  r.,  holding  in  her  r. 
hand  a  fox's  brush,  in  her  1.  a  large  flag  on  which  is  a  bust  of  Fox  supported 
by  seated  figures  of  Britannia,  with  the  British  lion,  and  Liberty.  It  is 
inscribed.  If  ever  our  smiles  were  your  delight;  if  ever  the  blessings  of  Liberty 
were  an  englishman's  pride  support  a  cause  on  which  Our  happiness  &  your 
own  security  equally  depend.  Remember  you  are  now  called  forth  to  defend 
the  cause  of  Love  &  Liberty  Assert  your  rights  Defend  ours! 

Fox  and  Liberty  ^^^  Women  of  Westminster 

Three  other  ladies,  all  young  and  pretty,  stand  behind  the  duchess ;  it  is 
impossible  to  say  which  of  the  canvassing  ladies  they  represent.  Lady 
Duncannon  and  perhaps  Mrs.  Crewe  were  her  most  usual  companions, 
see  No.  6493.  A  rough-looking  man  has  put  an  arm  round  the  duchess's 
shoulder,  a  butcher  is  embracing  the  lady  on  her  r.  All  the  ladies  wear 
feathered  hats  with  Fox  favours  and  two  wear  Fox  favours  on  their  dresses. 

In  the  background  (1.)  is  the  facade  of  Covent  Garden  Church,  the  three 
candidates  standing  under  the  portico.  Fox  on  the  r.  The  figures  on  the 
clock-face  over  the  portico  are  reversed.  A  crowd  stands  in  front  of  the 
church,  looking  towards  the  ladies  and  waving  their  hats.  On  the  r.  are 
other  spectators  partly  concealed  by  the  large  flag. 

Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  6532,  6541. 
8ixi2f  in. 

6522  WHOLESOME  FOOD  FOR  MINISTERS  [c.  Apr.  1784] 
WG[}  Phillips.] 

Pub'^  by  [sic] 

Engraving.  Time  with  his  sc5rthe  flies  above  and  between  Pitt  (1.)  and  Fox 
(r.)  who  kneel  on  the  ground.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  holding  a  pair 
of  shears  stands  behind  Fox  on  the  extreme  r.  Time  holds  two  long 
tobacco-pipes  in  his  mouth,  one  inscribed  Court-favor  the  other  Popularity ^ 
through  which  he  is  blowing  two  chains  of  bubbles,  inscribed  A  bubble 
bubble^  which  Pitt  catches  in  his  mouth,  holding  up  both  hands  towards 
Time.  Time  looks  towards  Fox  saying.  Ha!  Ha!  Ha!  Charley  it  is  Billys 

93 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

turn  now:  although  the  pretty  Dutchess y  wisKd  to  clip  my  pinions.  Pitt  says, 
Thus  while  I  am  feeding  my  tender  Frame  with  the  Balsamick  drops  may  no 
secret  blast  or  boisterous  hurricane  break  their  Texture.  Fox  says,  O!  Time^ 
thou  comforter  of  the  degraded^  and  slandered;  thou  unvailer  of  plotSy  & 
secrets;  grant,  Oh!  grant,  once  more,  some  of  those  precious  Bubbles,  by  which 
I  have  heretofore  been  pampered.  The  Duchess  says,  /  tvill  chearfuly  submit 
to  any  Thing  to  serve  my  Friend.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched,  or  Charley  after 
many  stir's  neglected  by  Time  for  attempting  to  climb  too  high. 

Behind  Pitt  (1.),  on  a  rocky  pinnacle,  is  a  circular  temple  inscribed  S^ 
Jameses,  emitting  rays  of  light.  Behind  Fox  (r.)  is  a  lighthouse  inscribed 
House  of  Commons,  from  the  top  of  which  hangs  a  flare,  a  fire  burning  in 
a  basket,  implying  that  the  influence  of  the  House  is  slight  compared  with 
that  of  the  Court.  On  the  horizon  (centre)  are  pillars,  round  temples,  and 
hills,  suggesting  a  view  of  Rome,  from  which  Time  appears  to  have  flown. 
For  Pitt's  popularity  cf.  No.  6438,  &c.;  for  Fox's  ambition.  No.  6380;  for 
the  Duchess  and  Fox,  No.  6493,  &c. 
8fxi3Ain. 

6523  THE  INFRNALS  [sic]  CHOICE   OR   THE   MAN   OF  THE 
PEOPLE  BELOW  STAIRS. 

Pub  April  12  iy84  by  J.  Wallis  N°  16  Ludgate  Street 

Engraving.  Fox  is  being  chaired  by  demons,  who  advance  towards  flames 
(1.)  in  which  stands  a  devil  with  a  pitch-fork  waiting  to  receive  him.  Fox, 
seated,  holding  out  his  hat,  his  1.  hand  on  his  breast,  says,  Westminster  was 
pretty  Hot  but  this  much  more  so.  The  demons  who  support  Fox's  chair  and 
prance  along  behind  it  appear  to  have  been  copied  from  the  Devil  in 
No.  6283.  The  foremost  has  the  same  twisted  ram's  horns,  the  claws  of  a 
bird  of  prey,  and  barbed  tail.  He  shouts  Fox  for  Ever .  His  companions 
resemble  him  with  slight  variations.  One  also  says  Fox  for  Ever,  another, 
holding  up  a  dice-box,  says.  He  is  the  Devels  own  Representative.  Two  little 
demons  stand  in  front  of  the  flames ;  one  says  Fox  for  Ever,  holding  up 
a  fox's  brush,  the  other  blows  a  trumpet.  Two  heads  of  demons  look  from 
the  fire,  and  two  small  black  winged  creatures  are  flying  in  the  flames. 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved: 

Tho  Reynard  for  Westminster  *s  Surely  thrown  out 
Yet  Hell  will  Elect  him  you  need  not  to  doubt 
As  member  they  ve  Chair d  him  the  only  thats  fit 
To  manage  affairs  in  the  Bottomless  Pitt. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c. 
Fox  despaired  of  success  until  about  20  Apr.    Russell,  Memorials  and 
Corr.  of  Fox,  ii.  267-8.  See  Appendix  1. 
8iixi2f  in. 

6524  [THE  CHAIRING  OF  FOX.]^ 

Pu¥  April  12^^  iy84  by  W.  Wall  N"  31  Charles  S^  opposite  Middlesex 
Hospittal 

Engraving.  Fox  is  being  chaired  (1.  to  r.)  in  a  high-backed  chair  wreathed 
with  laurel,  according  to  the  custom  in  Westminster  at  the  close  of  an 

»  Title  probably  cut  off. 
94 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

election,  cf.  No.  6590.  The  three  supporters  of  the  chair  (T.Q.L.  figures 
in  the  foreground)  are  three  ladies,  all  young  and  pretty,  one  of  course  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire.  On  the  third  (1.)  is  inscribed  Portland  Place ^ 
probably  the  Duchess  of  Portland,  possibly  Lady  Archer,  called  *the 
Portland  Place  Archer*  in  No.  6114.  The  other  is  probably  Lady 
Duncannon,  see  No.  6493,  &c.  All  three  wear  hats  trimmed  with  a  fox's 
brush.  The  foremost  lady  (r.)  holds  a  paper  inscribed  British  Constitution. 
Beside  Fox  in  his  chair  is  the  cap  of  Liberty  on  its  staff;  he  holds  up  a  torn 
paper  inscribed  Rights  of  England;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed 
Privileges  of  the  People.  A  cluster  of  cherubs'  heads  beside  him,  emerging 
from  clouds,  is  inscribed  Voice  of  the  People  \  the  principal  cherub  blows 
a  trumpet  from  which  issue  the  words  Fox  &  Liberty. 

In  the  background  behind  the  chair  (1.)  is  a  sea  of  heads;  on  the  r.  is 
Sam  House  wearing  his  hat.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Friends  freemen  Britons  all  your  strength  be  tried 

To  quell  oppression  stem  corruptions  tide 

Let  shouting  plaudits  fill  resounding  air 

And  Fox  &  virtue  set  in  freedom* s  chair. 

An  election  print ;  the  tide  had  not  yet  turned  in  favour  of  Fox,  cf .  No. 
6523  and  Appendix  L 
9JX7|in. 

6525    THE    WESTMINSTER    WATCHMAN.  [c.  12  Apr.  1784] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions) .  Fox,  dressed  as  a  watch- 
man, stands  full-face,  his  r.  hand  grasping  his  staff  (inscribed  Uprightness)^ 
his  1.  on  his  hip.  Over  his  head  is  the  word  Liberty;  his  lantern  stands 
on  the  ground  beside  him  sending  forth  rays  inscribed  Truth.  His  dog 
(1.)  is  Vigilance.  Zigzag  flashes  of  lightning  among  clouds,  inscribed 
Ministerial  Thunderbolts ^  threaten  him  from  all  sides. 

In  the  background  (r.)  two  sham  watchmen  are  running  off  to  the  r. 
holding  staves  and  dark  lanterns,  which  contrast  with  that  of  Fox,  which 
sheds  its  rays  in  all  directions.  The  foremost  is  Sir  Cecil  Wray  in  military 
uniform,  saying.  For  Chelsea  Ho  a ;  the  other  wearing  a  hooded  cloak  over 
his  naval  uniform  is  Lord  Hood  saying.  For  Greenwich  Ho  a.  They  are 
followed  by  two  dogs.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched.  To  the  Independent 
Electors  of  Westminster  This  Print  of  their  Staunch  Old  Watchman  The 
Guardian  of  their  Rights  and  Privileges  is  dedicated  by  a  gratefull 

Elector. 

This  is  followed  by  an  engraved  inscription :  N.B.  Beware  of  Counter- 
feits as  the  Greenwich  and  Chelsea  Watchmen  are  upon  the  look  out! 

This  plate  illustrates  the  Westminster  Election^  p.  166,  where  it  faces  an 
address  to  the  electors  from  *An  Independent  Elector',  dated  12  Apr., 
where  Fox  is  called  'your  faithful  watchman  over  ministerial  encroach- 
ment'. There  had  been  no  suggestion  of  abolishing  Greenwich  Hospital; 
for  Wray's  proposals  about  Chelsea  Hospital  see  No.  6475,  &c.  For  the 
dark  lantern  as  emblem  of  Temple's  intrigue  see  No.  6417,  &c. 

Reissued  (or  perhaps  etched  for),  Westminster  Election^  p.  166. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  126-7  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist. 
of  Parliamentary  Elections ^  1892,  p.  277. 
SAxSfin. 

95 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6526  THE  POLL.  [i2  Apr.  1784]' 
[Rowlandson.] 

London,  Publishdby  PF"»  Humphrey,  N""  22y  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  see-saw  representing 
the  state  of  the  poll  between  Fox  and  Wray,  Mrs.  Hobart  (1.)  seated  on  one 
end,  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.)  on  the  other,  in  front  of  the  polling- 
booth  in  Covent  Garden.  Mrs.  Hobart,  enormously  fat,  quite  out- weighs 
the  Duchess,  and  is,  moreover,  held  down  by  Lord  Hood  who  kneels 
behind  her  (1.),  while  Sir  Cecil  Wray  stands  beside  him  watching  the  con- 
test with  an  enigmatical  expression.  Fox  stands  behind  the  Duchess  trying 
to  hold  down  her  end  of  the  plank,  but  in  vain ;  his  uplifted  1.  arm  and 
closed  eyes  express  the  despair  which  he  actually  felt  in  the  early  days  of 
polling  (Russell,  Corr.  of  Fox,  ii.  267).  The  ladies  face  each  other  astride 
the  plank,  their  arms  outstretched,  their  bosoms  bare. 

The  plank  rests  on  an  irregular  stone  post.  An  excited  crowd,  very 
freely  sketched,  watches  from  the  hustings  and  from  below  them;  they 
scream  encouragement  to  the  rivals,  waving  their  hats.  Over  the  head  of 
Wray  is  a  play-bill.  The  Rival  Candidates  Farce;  behind  the  Duchess  is 
another,  Duke  and  no  Duke  Play.  The  former  was  a  comic  opera  by  Henry 
Bate  (afterwards  Bate-Dudley),  first  played  1775,  the  latter  a  farce  by 
Tate,  1605.2 

The  first  appearance  in  this  catalogue  of  the  much  caricatured  Mrs. 
Hobart  (see  Index).  Her  canvassing  for  Hood  and  Wray  was  the  subject 
of  many  squibs.  The  print  was  perhaps  suggested  by  a  press  paragraph 
(n.d.)  quoted  in  the  Westminster  Election,  p.  325 :  *M^^  Hobart,  to  convince 
the  world  that  Sir  Cecil  as  well  as  M^  Fox,  is  a  favourite  of  the  loveliest  part 
of  the  creation,  takes  her  station  near  Sir  Cecilys  side  of  the  Hustings  .  .  . 
and  where,  ye  agents  and  observers,  can  you  find  among  the  female  race, 
one  fitter  to  be  placed  in  contrast  to  the  fair  Duchess  T  Mrs.  Hobart  (d. 
II  Mar.  1 816,  aged  77)  was  related  to  Sir  C.  Wray:  she  was  the  daughter 
of  Lord  Vere  Bertie  by  Ann  Carey,  illegitimate  daughter  and  heiress  of 
Sir  C.  Wray,  nth  bart.,  who  was  succeeded  by  his  cousin,  father  of  the 
candidate. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  127. 
9Xi3iin. 

6527  THE  DUTCHESS  CANVASSING  FOR  HER  FAVOURITE 
MEMBER. 

WD  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor  by  J.  Carter,  Oxford  Street. 
April  13*^  iy84 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  about  to  kiss  a  short  fat  butcher; 
one  arm  is  round  his  neck,  her  r.  hand  under  his  apron.  She  says,  Pll  leave 
no  Stone  unturned  to  serve  the  Cause',  he  answers,  Then  you  shall  have  my 
Plumper — but  what  says  your  Calf— mayhap,  he 's  Jealous.  She  wears  a  hat 
trimmed  with  a  Fox  favour  and  four  fox's  brushes  inscribed  respectively, 

'  So  dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins  and  Grego,  probably  because  at  this  date  the 
majority  of  Wray  over  Fox  was  at  its  highest  point,  see  Appendix  I. 

2  There  were  two  other  dramatic  performances  of  this  name,  see  Baker,  Biog. 
Dram. 

96 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Fox,  FoXf  Love,  and  Liberty.  Her  skirt  is  festooned  up  with  Fox  favours 
and  brushes  inscribed  Fox,  showing  her  legs.  A  Httle  chimney-sweeper 
Hes  on  the  ground  looking  under  her  petticoats  and  saying,  Sweep y  sweep. 
A  dog  sniffs  at  her  leg.  The  butcher  has  stuck  into  his  girdle  a  paper 
inscribed  Leg  of  Mutton  10  1}  Clare  M^  [Market] .  Behind  him  and  on  the 
extreme  r.  is  a  placard  on  a  pole,  inscribed  Cockspur  Street.  Behind  the 
duchess  is  a  shorter  lady  holding  up  a  purse  inscribed  Bett  no  Bribe. ^ 

On  the  extreme  1.  stands  Lord  Surrey  holding  in  his  r.  hand  a  beer  mug 
inscribed  Surry  and  talking  to  a  chimney-sweeper  whose  hand  he  holds, 
saying,  Come  and  Breakfast  with  me,  and  vote  for  Charly — it  zvill  be  the 
making  of  us  all  if  he  gets  in — he'll  do  such  things — he'll  reduce  the  price  of 
Gin  and  Porter.  The  ragged  sweep  answers.  Will  he,  then  danUme,  tho'  I 
live  but  in  a  hogstye,  Pll  Give  him  a  Plumper — Fox  for  ever — . 

One  of  many  gross  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire, see  No.  6493,  &c.  Surrey  was  a  notorious  toper,  cf.  No.  8159. 
7|XiiJin. 

6528  RETURNING  FROM  BROOKS'S.  No  12 

[PGillray.] 

London,  Published  April  1 3^^  1784,  by  G.  Humphrey,  AT"  48  Long  Acre. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  The  Prince  of  Wales, 
drunk,  staggers  along  supported  on  his  r.  by  Fox,  on  his  1.  by  Sam  House. 
He  wears  a  Fox  favour  and  a  Prince  of  Wales  plume  in  his  hat.  Fox,  whose 
1.  arm  is  linked  in  the  Prince's  r.,  points  at  him  with  his  r.  forefinger. 
House  (r.)  stands  in  back-view,  turning  his  head  to  look  at  Fox. 

A  satire  on  the  election  activities  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  Nos.  6530, 
6547.   Cf,  No.  6401,  &c. 

The  deliberately  incorrect  drawing  appears  to  be  an  attempt  to  conceal 
the  identity  of  the  artist. ^ 

Reprinted,  G.PT.G.,  1830.    Reproduced,  J.  Ashton,  FlorizeVs  Folly, 
1899,  P-  72- 
7iix6in. 


6529  LORDS  OF  THE  BEDCHAMBER. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  14^^  iy84  by  W,  Humphrey  N""  22y  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  (r.),  in  morning  cap  and  gown,  makes  tea  for  Fox  and  Sam 
House  who  sit  side  by  side  on  a  sofa  (1.).  The  duchess  leans  back  in  her 

^  Cf.  'Hint  to  the  canvassing  Duchesses  and  Countesses — ^When  these  ladies  may 
again  give,  as  it  can  be  proved  they  have  given,  five  guineas  for  a  bundle  of  broccoli, 
eight  guineas  for  a  leg  of  mutton  &c.  &c.  the  tradesman  may  certainly  take  the 
money  with  a  safe  conscience,  if  he  votes  on  the  other  side;  and  this  has  already 
been  done  in  three  instances  in  Westminster.*  Newspaper  paragraph  quoted,  West- 
minster Election,  p.  243. 

^  *We  are  informed  .  .  .  that  the  means  used  by  a  Certain  canvassing  D s  is, 

to  lay  Ten  Guineas  against  one,  that  they  do  not,  or  dare  not  vote  for  her  dear 
Charley.  .  .  .'   Ibid.,  p.  250. 

^  A  note  by  E.  Hawkins  on  one  impression:  'Townsend  del.  Lady  Spencer 
etch'd.'  Lady  Spencer  was  a  Foxite  and  the  attribution  is  extremely  improbable. 
Drawings  (in  a  very  different  vein)  by  Lady  Spencer  were  etched  by  Gillray. 


97 


H 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

chair,  one  hand  on  the  tap  of  the  urn,  while  she  hands  a  cup  to  a  footman 
who  stands  with  a  tray,  Sam  (1.)  has  been  served  first;  he  sits  stirring  his 
tea  and  gazing  adoringly  at  Fox  (r.),  who  playfully  pats  his  bald  head.  A 
spaniel  stands  in  front  of  them,  begging.  On  the  wall  behind  are  two 
freely  sketched  W.L.  portraits :  behind  the  duchess  is  Reynolds's  portrait 
of  her  husband  standing  by  his  horse  (as  in  No.  6546),  the  other  is  over  the 
heads  of  House  and  Fox. 

A  satire  showing  the  importance  to  Fox  of  the  publican,  Sam  House, 
who  kept  open  house  for  Fox's  supporters  as  in  1780,  see  No.  5696,  &c. 
Cf.  No.  6487,  &c. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTiy  i.  128-9  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist. 
of  Parliamentary  Elections y  1892,  p.  276. 
8Jxi2iJin. 

6530  THE   DEVONSHIRE   METHOD   TO   RESTORE   A   LOST 
MEMBER. 

Pu¥  April  14 1784  by  [name  erased]  Great  Russell  S^  Covent  Garden. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  the  shop  of  an  apothe- 
cary or  quack  medicine  vendor.  Three  persons  have  entered  (1.):  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire  stands  full-face  offering  the  apothecary  (r.)  a 
purse,  while  she  holds  out  her  r.  hand  to  Fox  who  stands  beside  and 
slightly  behind  her.  She  says.  His  Tail  restore^  You  shall  have  more.  The 
apothecary,  standing  in  profile  to  the  1.,  takes  the  purse  saying.  My 
Famous  Pills  cure  many  Ills.  He  is  well  dressed  and  wears  a  doctor's  tie- 
wig.  Fox  puts  his  1.  hand  to  his  forehead  with  a  distressed  expression; 
under  his  foot  is  a  paper  inscribed  D^  Leakes  Antivanerial  Drops.  A  lady 
standing  behind  Fox,  her  hands  in  a  muff,  says,  Oh  poor  Fox  will  Loose  his 
tail.  Behind  the  apothecary  is  the  shop-window  with  a  counter  in  front 
of  it.  On  the  counter  are  two  small  phials,  each  labelled  Tkf  Fox,  and  a 
pill-box,  besides  glass  jars.  In  the  window  are  displayed  glass  bottles  of 
various  shapes  filled  with  coloured  liquids.  (Advertisements  of  Dr.  Leake's 
pills  and  drops  were  frequent  in  the  newspapers  and  were  posted  as  bills, 
cf .  No.  6540.)  The  duchess  wears  a  Fox  favour  in  her  hat  which  is  trimmed 
with  a  fox's  brush  and  three  ostrich  feathers,  worn  as  an  emblem  of  the 
interest  taken  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  in  the  election.  Westminster  Election, 
p.  327.  Her  companion  wears  a  fox's  brush  in  her  hat. 

One  of  many  gross  election  satires  against  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  For  the  Prince's  activities  cf.  No.  6528. 
8|xi3ftin. 

6531  A  SIDE  BOX  AT  THE  OPERA. 
[Pu¥  April  14,  1784  by  J.  Wtngrave.^] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Mrs.  Hobart  sits  stiffly 
in  an  opera-box  in  profile  to  the  1.  Beside  and  behind  her  sits  another  lady, 
also  in  profile.  The  hair  of  both  is  elaborately  dressed  and  surmounted 
by  an  erection  of  feathers,  flowers,  or  ribbons,  tilted  forward  and  projecting 
behind  the  puffed-out  hair. 

From  its  position  in  a  volume  of  Westminster  Election  squibs  and  prints 

^  From  an  impression  in  the  Guildhall  Library.  The  B.M.  impression  is  the 
reissue  of  1792. 

98 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

collected  by  Home  Tooke,  it  was  evidently  issued  as  an  election  print.  The 
lady  closely  resembles  Mrs.  Hobart  in  Dark  Lanthern  Business  (p.  112). 
See  No.  6526,  &c. 

Reissued  by  Fores,  15  Mar.  1792.  At  this  date  it  might  well  pass  for 
a  print  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  Miss  Pigot. 
9jx8fin. 


6532  FOX'S  COTILLON  IN  ST  JAMES'S  MARKET. 

W:  P:  C.  Fecit  [Carey.]  M. 

Pub.  as  the  act  directs  by  W.  Holland  N^  66  Drury  Lane  April  [15 
1784Y 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  three  other  ladies  dance  with 
four  butchers  in  St.  James's  Market.  The  couples  are  holding  hands 
behind  their  backs;  the  butchers  leer  at  their  partners.  All  the  ladies  wear 
large  Fox  favours  in  their  hats,  which  are  trimmed  with  fox's  tails.  Over 
the  heads  of  the  dancers  is  inscribed  Love  &  Liberty!  Freedom  &  Fox! 
On  the  extreme  1.,  behind  the  dancers,  a  man  plays  the  fiddle,  a  Fox  favour 
in  his  cap. 

In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  butcher's  stall  with  joints  of  meat  hanging 
from  hooks.  A  bird  sits  on  a  calf's  head,  saying,  Fox  for  ever.  Spectators 
watch  the  dance ;  a  boy  waving  his  hat  shouts  Fox  &  Liberty.  Two  bull- 
dogs bark  Fox  for  ever.  Behind  the  stall  stand  Hood  and  Wray  looking 
disconsolately  at  the  scene;  they  are  Candidates  in  the  dumps. 

The  daily  poll  turned  definitely  against  Wray  and  in  favour  of  Fox  on 
13  Apr.;  it  was  not  till  27  Apr.  that  Fox  passed  Wray.  See  Appendix  I. 
For  the  canvassing  ladies  see  No.  6493,  &c.  Similar  in  character  to  Nos. 
6521,6541. 

Reproduced,  Stokes,  Devonshire  House  Circle ^  p.  210. 
I2|xi2|  in. 

6533  A  CERTAIN  DUTCHESS  KISSING  OLD   SWELTER-IN- 
GREASE  THE  BUTCHER  FOR  HIS  VOTE  [c.  April  1784] 

Published  by  H  Macphail  N  68  High  Holborn  R:  Lyford  Sculp. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  in  riding- 
dress  kisses  a  butcher,  her  r.  hand  on  his  shoulder,  a  riding-whip  in  her  1. 
hand.  They  stand  beside  the  butcher's  stall  on  which  hang  joints  of  meat. 
A  round  chopping-block  with  a  cleaver  is  in  front  of  the  stall  (r.).  The 
butcher's  bulldog  (1.)  befouls  the  Duchess's  dress.  She  wears  a  hat  poised 
on  a  high  coiffure,  and  decorated  with  three  upstanding  ostrich  feathers, 
and  three  drooping  fox's  brushes,  emblems  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Fox 
(cf.  No.  6530).  The  butcher  wears  a  round  hat  in  place  of  the  more  usual 
cap.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved:  O!  Times!  O!  Manners!  The  Women 
Wear  Breeches  &  the  Men  Petticoats. 

See  No.  6493,  etc. 
io|X7|in.(pl.). 

Another  impression  (uncoloured)  without  publication-line. 

'  Added  by  Mr.  Hawkins,  perhaps  to  reinforce  etched  figures. 

99 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6534  BOTTOM  SNOUT  &  QUINCE  vide  Shakespeare  Mid,  Summer 
Night  Dream 

I.  B.  [J.  Boyne.] 

London  Published  April  15^^  1^84  by  J.  Wallis  N  16  Ludgate  S^  ^ 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.)  as  Bottom  with  an  ass's  head  sits  on  an  upturned 
market-basket  in  the  Piazza,  Covent  Garden.  The  eyes  and  eyebrows  and 
the  arrangement  of  the  hair  make  the  head  resemble  that  of  Fox  with  a 
disconsolate  expression.  North  and  Burke,  as  Snout  and  Quince,  stand 
regarding  him  in  profile  to  the  1.  North,  as  the  tinker,  wears  a  tucked-up 
apron;  he  holds  up  his  hands,  saying,  O  Bottom  thou  art  Changed.  What 
do  I  see  on  thee.  Burke,  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026),  his  biretta  worn 
over  a  bald  head,  his  1.  hand  on  North's  shoulder,  looks  over  him  at  Fox, 
saying.  Bless  thee  Bottom  Bless  thee  thou  art  Translated. 

Fox  is  seated  outside  the  Shakespeare  Tavern  which  was  his  election 
head-quarters :  in  the  arch  of  the  arcade  behind  him  is  a  sign  The  Shak- 
spea[re]  Tavern,  with  a  bunch  of  grapes;  on  the  wall  above  is  Great  Piazza. 
On  the  r.,  above  the  heads  of  North  and  Fox,  is  the  portico  of  St.  Paul's 
Church,  where  polling  took  place. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c. 

12^X9  i^- 


6535  REYNARD'S  HOPE, 

A  Scene  in  the  Tempest  between  Trinculo,  Stephana  and  Caliban. 

W.  D.  [Dent.] 

Pub^  as  the  Act  directs,  by  T.  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  April  75**  1784 

Engraving.  A  scene  near  the  shore  of  the  island;  the  wrecked  ship  with 
splintered  masts,  lying  on  the  shore  (r.),  is  the  Royal  George.  The  Prince 
of  Wales  as  Trinculo  (1.)  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  holding  a  bottle  of  wine 
in  his  r.  hand,  addressing  Fox  who  is  Stephano;  he  says:  Give  me  dear 
woman — and  give  me  good  wine — and  you  may  govern  all  things  else  as  thine. 
He  wears  a  fool's  cap  with  bells,  ornamented  with  three  ostrich  feathers 
and  Ich  dien.  Beside  him  is  a  barrel  inscribed  Butt  and  P.  of  W.  Fox  as 
the  drunken  butler,  directed  to  the  1.,  holds  out  his  r.  fore-finger 
to  the  Prince,  saying:  Tajfy — when  the  Island's  ours — my  brave  Boy — 
/ — rilbe  King — and  you  shall  be  Viceroy;  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  a  dice-box 
inscribed  Compass.  On  the  ground  at  Fox's  feet,  facing  the  Prince,  kneels 
Caliban,  a  hairy  body  with  the  head  of  North;  he  says: 

My  Jove,  Fll  lick  your  shoes  &  obey  your  nod. 
And  his,  for  sure  he 's  Bacchus,  the  bloated  God. 

Over  the  sea  and  above  the  wreck  is  a  bright  crescent  encircling  a  dark 
disk,  shedding  its  rays  on  clouds. 

A  satire  on  the  relations  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  with  the  Coalition,  cf . 
Nos.  6237,  6401,  6528,  &c.  For  similar  allusions  to  the  Royal  George 
cf.  Nos.  6042,  6574.  For  Fox's  ambition  cf.  No.  6380,  &c. 

8|Xi2}Jin. 

'  Another  publication-line  has  been  erased. 

100 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6536  A  SCENE  AT  THE  NEW  THEATRE  COVENT  GARDEN 

Published  Aprill  ye  16  1^84  by  J  Wallis  N°  16  Ludgate  Street 

Engraving.  The  hustings  in  Covent  Garden:  five  poll-clerks  sit  in  front 
with  their  large  open  books ;  on  the  platform  behind  are  the  three  candi- 
dates, flanked  by  Sam  House  (1.)  and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.).  In 
the  foreground  a  ragged  boy  or  man  in  back  view,  supported  on  crutches, 
addresses  a  poll-clerk  (centre),  saying,  ikf  Fox  Sir;  the  clerk  holds  out  to 
him  a  book  on  which  to  swear,  saying.  You  have  PoVd  no  more  than  Seven 

Times  so  help  you .   Wray  (1.)  leans  forward,  saying  to  Fox  (r.)  who 

clenches  his  fist  threateningly,  no  Man  Can  have  Seven  Votes;  Fox  answers, 
/  am  for  Liberty  of  Conscience.  Between  them  (full-face)  stands  Hood,  in 
naval  uniform,  his  large  aquiline  nose  exaggerated ;  he  says,  /  must  put 
my  Nose  Between  that  they  may  not  see  each  Other. 

The  duchess,  wearing  a  cloak,  her  hands  in  a  mufF,  looks  down  discon- 
solately, saying,  /  have  Kiss'd  &  Canvas' d for  him  &  after  all  must  see  him 
Rejected.  Sam  House  stands  on  the  opposite  end  of  the  hustings,  full-face, 
holding  a  foaming  tankard  inscribed  House;  he  says.  So  have  I  too  Maam 
but  all  wont  do.  A  well-dressed  elector  standing  below  House  raises 
his  hat,  shouting.  Hood  <£f  Wray  for  ever  Huzza.  Another  stands  beside 
him  in  conference  with  a  poll-clerk. 

Posts  with  placards  in  front  of  the  hustings  show  the  electors  where  to 
vote  according  to  their  parishes:  on  the  1.  is  Saint  James' Sy  on  the  r.  Saint 
Martins. 

An  advertisement  informed  the  electors  of  Westminster  'that  in  conse- 
quence of  the  exertions  made  by  the  friends  of  Lord  Hood  and  Sir  Cecil 
Wray  to  detect  false  votes,  and  the  parochial  books  being  produced  on  the 
hustings,  such  a  check  has  been  given  to  the  infamous  practices  of  M^ 
Fox's  party,  as  to  have  occasioned  the  rejection  of  great  quantities  of 
illegal  voters.  .  .  .'  Quoted  in  Westminster  Election^  p.  108.  See  No. 
6553,  &c.  Cf.  No.  7363. 
7JX11  in. 


6537  THE  WESTMINSTER  HUNT.  OR  THE  RE  TAIL  lATION 
Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  April  16.  1784  by  C.  JoneSy  Brewer  Street. 

Engraving.  Two  dogs,  with  the  heads  of  Hood  and  Wray,  followed  by 
huntsmen  chase  a  fox  (1.  to  r.)  down  a  slope  inscribed  Constitution  Hill.  In 
front  of  the  fox  (Fox)  is  a  sign-post,  one  arm  pointing  (r.)  To  Cov.  Garden; 
two  others  pointing  1.  are  To  St.  James's  and  To  the  Gallows:  The  fox's 
tail,  inscribed  Patriotism ^  brushes  the  eye  of  Wray,  who  says.  This  is  a 

swinging  Brush  it  smarts  D y  he  has  Blinded  me  quite.  The  fox,  turning 

his  head  back,  snarls:  Ha  Ha  my  old  Friend  you  have  Run  hard  for  a  little 
Foxes  P — ss.  Hood,  half  a  length  behind  the  fox,  and  in  the  foreground, 
says :  Never  fear  Brother,  a  little  Court  Water  will  soon  heal  the  Smart. 

Behind  Wray  floats  or  flies  a  witch-like  old  woman  carrying  the  staff  and 
cap  of  Liberty;  she  says.  Hack  Forward ,  good  Dogs,  Tally  O  Ho  W—y  he 
has  worried  all  my  Geese  &  put  my  Hen  Roost  in  an  Uproar.  Her  skirt  is 
inscribed.  Secret  Influence;  Prerogatives;  Addresses,  Petitions  &c.  (For  the 
addresses  thanking  the  king  for  dismissing  the  Coalition  see  No.  6445,  &c.) 
Behind  her,  on  the  extreme  1.  of  the  design,  appear  the  head  and  shoulders 
of  the  king  wearing  his  crown ;  he  says.  Tally  O  Tally  O  my  Brave  Chelsea 

lOI 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Tally  O,  alluding  to  Wray's  proposal  to  abolish  Chelsea  Hospital,  see 
No.  6475,  &c.  Behind  are  two  shadowy  huntsmen;  one,  mounted,  says 
Wee' I  whip  him  Down  by  G — d\  the  other  blows  a  horn. 

For  the  Westminster  Election  see  No.  6474,  &c.  Fox  did  not  draw  ahead 
of  Wray  till  27  Apr.,  see  Appendix  I. 
7fXiiiiin. 

6538  THE    DISSOLUTION,    OR    YOUNG    GROCER    MAKING 
PALATABLE  PUNCH  FOR  HIS  COMPANY. 

[?  Phillips.!] 

Published  by  S.  Fores,  N^  3.  Piccadilly.  April  16.  1^84. 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.)  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  making  punch  in  an  enormous 
punch-bowl  which  stands  on  a  low  table  with  six  carved  legs.  He  squeezes 
(in  place  of  lemons)  the  heads  of  Fox  and  North ;  liquid  pours  from  them 
into  the  bowl,  in  which  is  a  sugar-loaf  inscribed  House  of  Commons  with 
a  drawing  of  the  interior  of  the  House :  the  Speaker  in  his  chair,  the  clerk 
at  his  table,  and  rows  of  seated  members  on  each  side,  one  member  stand- 
ing to  speak.  Pitt,  who  wears  a  long  apron,  is  saying.  Thus  I  dissolve  ye 

Thus  thy  parts  being  disunited,  the  effects  will  be  less  pernicious  to  my  Con- 
stitution.  Beside  the  bowl  on  the  table  is  a  large  bottle  of  Popular  Spirit, 
of.  No.  6438,  &c.  The  bowl  is  decorated  with  an  escutcheon  on  which  is  a 
cask  with  two  canisters,  the  supporters  being  two  jovial-looking  men,  each 
with  a  flag.  This  is  probably  a  burlesqued  coat  of  arms  for  the  Grocers' 
Company  (not  resembling  their  own).  On  the  wall  behind  (r.)  is  very  faintly 
etched  a  circular  temple  resting  on  a  bracket,  indicating  the  part  played 
by  Lord  Temple  in  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition,  cf.  No.  6417,  &c. 

Pitt  received  the  freedom  of  the  Grocers'  Company  on  14  Feb.,  see 
No.  6442,  &c.    Cf.  election  verses,  'The  Grocer's  Delight;  or,  a  Sugar 
Plumb  for  Master  Billy',  Westminster  Election,  p.  468.  For  the  dissolution 
see  No.  6476,  &c. 
9|XiOi|in. 

6539  SUPPLYS  FOR  THE  YEAR  1784. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  April  ly.  1784  by  H.  MacPhail  N°  68 
H^  Holbarn, 

Engraving.  A  fountain  composed  partly  of  the  figures  of  two  ladies  who 
sit  back  to  back  in  profile  above  the  centre  of  the  basin,  water  (or  wine) 
gushing  from  their  knees.  They  also  shower  coins  from  bags,  that  held 
by  one  figure  (1.)  being  marked  D,  showing  that  she  is  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire,  the  other  P  for  the  Duchess  of  Portland.  Between  their  heads 
is  a  vertical  fox's  brush  surmounted  by  a  ducal  coronet  and  the  Prince  of 
Wales's  feathers  which  are  the  apex  of  the  structure.  The  shallow  fluted 
basin  of  the  fountain  stands  on  a  rectangular  base.  Its  rim  is  decorated 
with  masks,  one  in  the  centre,  the  others  in  profile  1.  and  r.;  from  all  of 
them  liquid  pours  to  the  ground,  the  central  stream  inscribed  Sham 
Pay — n.  (Probably  an  allusion  to  Sir  Ralph  Payne,  noted  for  his  hospitality, 
whose  house  in  Grafton  Street  was  a  meeting-place  for  the  leading  Foxites. 

^  Angelo,  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.   Other  prints  by  the  same  artist  are  signed 
W.  G. 

102 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  iii.  411.)  The  block  on  which  the  ladies  sit  is 
inscribed  This  Conduit  is  Free  for  the  Publick.  The  Duchess  of  Portland 
(Lady  Dorothy  Cavendish)  was  the  sister-in-law  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire. 

Fox  stands  on  the  1.  of  the  basin,  Sam  House  on  the  r.  Fox  holds  out 
his  coat-pocket  to  receive  the  shower  of  coins  from  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire, saying,  From  their  Emptyness  I  shall  fill  my  Pockets.  He  stands  full- 
face,  his  r.  hand  on  his  hip.  House  holds  out  his  hat  to  catch  the  coins 
poured  out  by  the  Duchess  of  Portland,  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the 
1.  and  saying.  Friend  Charles  this  will  pass  Current  at  Westminster.  In  his 
1.  hand  he  holds  out  a  foaming  tankard  inscribed  Sam  House. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and 
Sam  House,  see  No.  6487,  &c.  For  the  Duchess  of  Portland  see  No.  6494 
and  Westminster  Electiony  p.  232.  The  election,  according  to  a  Pittite 
statement,  was  'said  to  cost  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  600  1.  per  day'. 
Ibid.,  p.  268. 
8xi2jpgin. 


6540  [FOX  AND  BURKE  AS  HUDIBRAS  AND  RALPHO] 
Published  by  I.  Notice  Oxford  Road  April  ly  1^84 

Engraving.  No  title.  Fox  and  Burke  (H.L.)  seen  through  the  barred 
window  of  a  brick  building  in  which  they  are  imprisoned.  They  are 
Hudibras  and  his  squire  as  in  No.  6361,  but  in  a  prison  instead  of  in  the 
stocks.  Above  the  barred  aperture  is  inscribed  Bailiffs  for  Middlesex  show- 
ing that  it  is  a  sponging-house  for  debtors  (cf.  No.  6483,  &c.).  Outside 
stands  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  looking  at  them  over  her  r.  shoulder. 
She  wears  a  hat  with  a  Fox  favour,  trimmed  with  feathers  and  fox's  tails 
as  in  the  canvassing  caricatures,  but  wears  a  plain  riding-dress  of  mascu- 
line cut^  instead  of  the  usual  voluminous  petticoats.  Her  1.  hand  rests  on 
a  tasselled  cane.  She  is  Hudibras's  Lady  who  visited  the  pair  in  prison 
and  released  them;  her  words  are  etched  beneath  the  design: 

0  heavens!  quoth  she,  can  this  be  true? 

1  do  begin  to  fear  His  you: 

Not  by  your  individual  whiskers. 
But  by  your  dialect  and  discourse. 
That  never  spoke  to  man  or  beast 
In  notions  vulgarly  exprest: 
But  what  malignant  star  alas! 
Has  brought  you  both  to  this  sad  pass? 

Hudibras,  canto  i  mo.  [i.e.  Part  II,  canto  i]. 

On  the  brick  wall  of  the  prison  bills  are  posted :  Several  Pouting  lips  to 
be  hired  by  the  day  by  Deven ;^  Hood  Ray  Fox;  Hood  and  Wray  for  ever ; 
Leakes  justly  famous  pills  for  curing  the  veneral  .  .  .  [cf .  No.  6530] ;  No 
Coalition  No  Bribery. 

^  Cf.  'Her  Grace  sometimes  rides  about  in  a  black  riding  habit,  which  is  very 
convenient  in  case  she  should  be  obliged  to  enter  into  contact  with  a  Chimney- 
Sweeper*.   A  newspaper  paragraph  quoted  in  Westminster  Election,  p.  246. 

-  One  of  the  advertisements  for  Hood  and  Wray  ran:  'To  be  hired  for  the  day, 
several  pair  of  ruby  pouting  lips,  of  the  first  quality,  [etc.  etc.].*  Westmimter 
Election,  p.  99. 

103 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c. 
For  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  see  No.  6493,  &c. 
loJxSfin. 

6541  THE  DEVONSHIRE  MINUET,  DANCED  TO  ANCIENT 
BRITISH  MUSIC  THROUGH  WESTMINSTER,  DURING  THE 
PRESENT  ELECTION. 

WPC[C2iTey]fec'  M. 

Pub.  by  W.  Holland  AT"  66  Drury  lane  April  20,  1^84 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.)  and  a  stout  butcher  (1.)  dance 
side  by  side ;  she  holds  out  her  dress  v^^ith  her  r.  hand ;  he  holds  a  steel  in 
his  1.  hand.  Across  his  apron  is  inscribed  All  upright  Members  for  ever. 
Three  grinning  butchers  stand  (1.)  playing  a  tune  with  marrow-bones  and 
cleavers,  each  cleaver  being  inscribed  Ancient  British  Music.  Behind  (r.) 
a  grinning  chimney-sweeper  sits  holding  his  brush  in  the  r.  hand,  a  cleaver 
inscribed  Ancient  British  Music  in  the  1.  He  sings :  Toll  lol  de  dol  de  dol  de 
dol  dol  dol.  The  Duchess  wears  Fox  favours,  as  do  the  butchers.  A  favour 
at  her  breast  is  inscribed  Love  &  Liberty  and  one  at  her  waist  Freedom  & 
Fox.  In  her  hat  is  a  fox's  brush. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  6521,  6532. 
8j^Xi2iin. 

6542  FOX  IN  A  TRAP  AND  THE  CONSTITUTION  PRESERVD 
Pu¥  April  20y  1784,  by  J  Linn  Ludgate  Street 

Engraving.   A  fox  stands  with  his  fore-paws  caught  in  a  large  steel  trap, 

beside  which  is  the  bait,  the  representation  of  a  crown.  Beside  him  is  the 

Duchess  of  Devonshire  holding  her  handkerchief  to  her  eyes  and  saying  : 

Alas!  poor  Fox  your  die  is  Cast, 

You're  trap'd  zvith  all  your  Triks  at  last. 

In  her  hat  is  a  Fox  favour,  the  fox's  brush,  and  the  three  ostrich  feathers 
which  are  the  emblems  of  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  cf.  No.  6530. 
The  fox  turns  his  head  towards  her,  saying : 

O  Charming  Dutchess  mourn  my  fate ^ 
But  think  upon  the  Tempting  bait. 

The  trap  is  attached  by  a  chain  to  a  staple  at  the  side  of  an  arched  door- 
way (r.).  A  hand  projects  from  the  1.  margin  of  the  design  pointing  to  the 
fox  with  the  words  Guilty  Death.  (See  No.  6657.) 

One  of  many  satires  in  which  Fox  (as  Carlo  Khan,  Cromwell,  or  Charles 
III)  aims  at  the  crown,  cf.  No.  6380,  &c.  His  capture  implies  defeat  in  the 
Westminster  Election,  see  Appendix  I,  or  on  the  general  election. 
8|Xi2-Jin. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

A  COURT-CANDIDATE  IN  DISTRESS 

London.  Published  April  20^^  1784  as  the  Act  Directs, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  street  scene ;  Sir  Cecil  Wray  is  mobbed 
by  maidservants,  and  flies  in  terror  from  a  Chelsea  pensioner  (r.).   From 

104 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

a  first-floor  window  a  servant  empties  a  chamber-pot  on  his  head.  He  says, 
Quarters  Quarters  Alas!  No  Back  Stairs  friend  to  rescue  me.  The  pensioner 
has  a  wooden  leg  and  is  supported  on  a  crutch;  he  Hfts  the  other  crutch 
menacingly,  saying.  No  Quarters  Judas  turn  me  &  my  aged  bretheren  out  of 
our  comfortable  Quarters.  Three  maidservants  attack  him,  one  (1.)  with 
a  mop,  two  (r.)  with  brooms.  They  say  respectively:  Fll  mop  his  filthy 
carcase  till  I  make  it  as  white  as  his  Liver;  You' I  tax  us  will  you  treackrous 
Dog;  Let  me  at  him  old  Boy  [to  the  pensioner]  Fll  brush  his  jacket.  On  the 
ground  is  a  paper:  Plan  for  Demolishing  Chelsea  Hospital  &  taxing  Maid 
Servants. 

For  these  allegations  against  Wray  see  Nos.  6475,  6492,  &c.   For  the 
back -stairs  see  No.  6417,  &c. 
8jxi2/ein. 

6543  THE  COVENT  GARDEN  NIGHT  MARE,  [c.  20  Apr.  1784^] 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pub^  by  W.  Humphrey  A^"  227,  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  parody  of  The  Night- 
mare by  Fuseli  (which  attracted  popular  attention  at  the  R.A.  in  1782^), 
deriving  much  of  its  humour  from  its  contrast  with  that  picture.  Fox, 
naked,  lies  prone  on  a  low  bed,  one  arm  hanging  to  the  floor,  the  other 
above  his  head.  On  his  breast  sits  a  demon,  while  a  horse  with  staring  eye- 
balls puts  its  head  through  draped  curtains.  The  horse,  the  demon,  and 
the  general  arrangement  are  closely  copied  from  Fuseli,  in  reverse;  but  the 
burly  nudity  of  Fox  is  in  complete  contrast  with  his  elegant  female  in 
pseudo-classical  draperies.  In  Fuseli's  picture  is  a  circular  table  of  classical 
shape  on  which  are  toilet  bottles,  &c.;  on  the  smaller  table  beside  Fox  are 
a  dice-box  and  dice. 

Fox  anticipated  defeat  at  Westminster,  see  No.  6474,  &c.:  on  20  Apr. 
the  fortunes  of  the  poll  began  to  appear  definitely  in  favour  of  Fox,  see 
Appendix  I. 

The  original  drawing,  incised  for  transfer  to  the  plate,  is  in  the 
Broadley  Collection,  vol.  i,  in  the  Westminster  Public  Library. 

Fuseli's  picture  was  burlesqued  (181 6)  by  Cniikshank.   Reid,  No.  599. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  129. 
8|xi3in. 

6544  MADAM  BLUBBER  ON  HER  CANVASS, 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  22  iy84  by  Han  Humphrey  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  The  fat  Mrs.  Hobart  canvasses  butchers  for  Hood  and  Wray. 
She  advances  to  two  butchers  seated  in  front  of  their  stall  before  a  punch- 
bowl which  stands  on  their  chopping-block.  She  holds  out  a  purse,  saying. 
Hood  and  Wray  my  dear  Butcher.  They  disregard  the  lady  but  look  at  each 
other:  one  (1.),  very  obese,  leans  back  in  his  chair  smoking  a  long  pipe, 
from  the  bowl  of  which  issues  a  label  inscribed  /am  engaged  to  the  Dutchess. 
The  other  puts  a  hand  on  his  shoulder,  saying,  Pho'  give  her  a  glass;  he 

*  So  dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins. 

*  A  stipple  engraving  was  published  by  J.  R.  Smith,  20  Jan.  1783. 

105 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

holds  a  wine-glass  towards  her.  The  butcher's  dog  snarls  at  her  petticoats. 
On  the  punch-bowl  is  the  figure  of  a  fox.  A  third  butcher  stands  behind 
Mrs.  Hobart,  putting  one  hand  on  her  hip,  holding  the  other  above  her 
head;  he  says,  The  fattest  I  ever  handled.  Behind  him  and  on  the  extreme 
r.  stand  two  butchers  with  a  dog,  who  say,  Lincolnshire  dafnmee  and  a 
Plumper  by  G — d.  The  butcher's  stall,  freely  sketched,  forms  a  back- 
ground; from  it  hang  a  carcass,  joints  of  meat,  and  a  sheep's  head. 

For  Mrs.  Hobart  see  No.  6526  and  index.  A  song  on  a  broadside  en- 
titled The  Court  Canvass  or  Madam  Blubber  has  been  pasted  to  the  back  of 
this  print,  probably  by  Miss  Banks;  it  was  reprinted  in  the  Westminster 
Election,  pp.  480-1,  and  is  also  given  in  full  by  Grego.  Its  refrain  is  some 
variation  of  'The  Dutchess  was  here  before  you*.  Another  song  began: 

'Since  women  of  fashion  govern  the  State 

And  you  M"  Hobart,  have  sure  the  most  weight 

I  wonder  you've  no  better  candidate 

Than  Sir  Cecil  Wray.' 
Op.  cit.,  pp.  478-9. 
Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  129-30. 
8ixi3iin. 

6545  THE  COVENT  GARDEN  PANTOMIME  OR  THE  WEST- 
MINTR  CANDIDATES. 

Pub  April  22  iy84  by  E  Shirlock  Drury  lane 

Engraving.  Pitt,  dressed  as  Harlequin,  stands,  his  1.  foot  planted  on  the 
back  of  the  prostrate  Fox,  his  r.  touching  the  back  of  North  (1.),  who 
stands  disconsolately  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his  hands  together  as  if  in  prayer. 
Pitt's  arms  are  outstretched;  on  his  r.  hand  stands  Lord  Hood,  on  his  1. 
Sir  Cecil  Wray.  Pitt,  only  to  be  identified  by  the  word  Pit  on  his  cap,  has 
a  broad  grin,  and  is  saying,  Theese  are  pretty  parliment  Poppets.  Fox  says, 
D — fi  such  pantomime  as  this;  North  says.  One  Minister  to  another  still 
succeed  &  the  Last  Fool  as  welcome  as  the  former;  Hood  says,  /  will  alway* 
serve  my  King  &  Cauntry;  Wray  answers,  /  like  a  Good  parliment  birth 
brother  Hood.  In  the  background  (r.)  is  the  portico  of  Covent  Garden 
Church ;  figures  on  the  hustings  are  suggested ;  a  crowd  watching  the  antics 
of  Harlequin  is  also  indicated.  On  the  1.  of  the  church  are  houses. 

The  figures  of  Hood  and  Wray  appear  to  have  been  copied  from  those 
in  No.  6510,  the  arms  being  differently  posed:  each  has  one  arm  on  his 
breast,  the  other  extended.    One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster 
Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c.  For  the  state  of  the  poll  see  Appendix  I. 
i2iX9i|in. 

6546  POLITICAL  AFFECTION. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  April  22  iy84  by  Jn°  Hanyer  Strand— 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  seated  in  a  chair  offers  her  bared 
breast  to  a  fox  dressed  as  an  infant,  which  stands  on  its  hind  legs  before 
her,  placing  a  paw  across  her  lap.  Her  own  infant,  seated  on  the  ground  (r.) 
neglected,  stretches  out  her  arms  to  her  mother  with  a  protesting  scream. 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  a  cat  Hcks  the  face  of  a  dog  which  sits  on  its  hind 

106 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

legs,  while  a  kitten  crawls  neglected  beside  it.  Behind  the  animals  is  an 
empty  cradle.  On  the  wall  (1.)  is  Reynolds's  portrait  of  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire standing  beside  his  horse,  as  in  No.  6529.  Another  portrait  (r.)  is  of 
a  stout  man  wearing  a  hat  walking  to  the  r.,  one  hand  in  his  pocket,  the 
other  resting  on  a  stick  (?  Fox).  These  are  very  freely  sketched. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  for 
Fox.   Cf.  Nos.  6490,  6625. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTiy  i.  132  (reproduction). 


6547  KINGS  PLACE,  OR  A  VIEW  OF  M  (FOX)  BEST  FRIENDS, 

[Rowlandson.] 

April  22"^  17S4.  Pu¥  hy  SW  Fores  N''  3.  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  group  of  courtesans 
and  brothel-keepers.  One  of  the  courtesans  (1.)  introduces  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  who  stands  beside  her,  to  another  standing  in  profile  to  the  1.  She 
says.  He  is  as  Generous  as  a  Prince  And  a  Prince  should  not  be  Limmited. 
He  says.  He  supported  my  Cause,  an  allusion  to  the  political  crisis  which 
arose  on  the  question  of  the  Prince's  establishment,  see  No.  6257.  Two 
stout  bawds  stand  in  conversation  in  the  centre  of  the  design,  smiling  at 
each  other;  they  wear  cloaks  and  hoods  and  carry  muffs;  one,  identified 
by  Mr.  Hawkins  as  Mrs.  Windsor,  says,  He  introduced  his  R —  H  to  my 
house.  Behind  and  on  the  extreme  r.  a  third  courtesan,  older  than  the  others, 
and  of  debauched  appearance,  waving  a  fox's  brush,  says :  /  have  taken 
many  a  Pound  of  his  Money  Fox  for  Ever  Huzza.  The  Prince  wears  his 
ribbon  and  star,  his  hat  is  adorned  with  three  erect  ostrich  feathers,  and 
a  drooping  fox's  brush;  each  courtesan  holds  a  fox's  brush.  A  fox  takes  the 
place  of  the  word  fox  in  the  title. 

There  were  many  newspaper  paragraphs  alleging  that  Fox  was  supported 
by  the  women  of  the  town :  e.g.  * .  .  .his  interest  is  strong  in  King's  Place,' 
*The  support  of  M^  Fox,  from  drabs  and  duchesses,  swindlers,  uncertifi- 
cated bankrupts,  and  foreigners,  is  exactly  that  which  alone  could  be  ex- 
pected. . . .'  Westminster  Election,  pp.  224,  240,  cf.  also  p.  242.  Cf.  Nos. 
6520,  6549.  For  a  similar  satire  on  the  relations  of  Fox  and  the  Prince  of 
Wales  see  No.  6231.  Cf.  also  Nos.  6401,  &c.,  7356. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  132. 
Sfx  131^5  in. 


6548  WITS'  LAST  STAKE  OR  THE  COBLING  VOTERS  AND 
ABJECT  CANVASSERS.  [22  Apr.  1784] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  A  canvassing  scene  in  a  poor  and  disreputable  district  of  West- 
minster, indicated  by  Peter  Street  on  the  corner  of  a  house.  The  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  canvasses  a  cobbler;  she  sits  supported  on  Fox's  knee,  put- 
ting one  foot  on  a  cobbler's  stall  that  he  may  do  some  imaginary  repairs, 
for  which  she  lavishly  pays  the  man's  wife,  who  leans  forward,  both  hands 
held  together  to  receive  the  coins.  The  cobbler  and  his  wife  are  behind  a 
stall  protected  by  a  pent-house  roof.  On  this  is  a  notice.  Shoes  made  and 

107 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

mended  by  Bob.  Stichttt  Cobler  to  her  Grace  the  Tramping  Dutchess  NBDogs 
Wormd  Cats  Gelded.  From  an  open  casement  window  above  it  a  man  leans 
out  waving  a  fox's  brush;  he  holds  a  tankard  and  a  long  clay  pipe  in  his  1. 
hand.  Beside  him  a  woman  holds  her  head  to  vomit  from  the  window,  her 
elbows  supported  on  the  sill.  A  dog  lies  under  the  cobbler's  stall. 

Fox,  his  r.  knee  on  his  hat  on  the  ground,  the  other  supporting  the 
duchess,  turns  round  to  give  his  r.  hand  to  a  ragged  man  to  whose  mouth 
Sam  House  holds  a  tankard,  his  other  hand  pressed  on  the  elector's  head, 
who  is  shown  by  his  long  shovel  to  be  a  scavenger.  Behind,  a  chimney- 
sweeper with  his  brushes  and  his  boy  with  brush  and  shovel  are  amused 
spectators.  These  figures  fill  the  space  to  the  1.  of  Fox  and  the  duchess. 
Behind  are  the  irregular  gabled  roofs  and  casement  windows  of  old  West- 
minster. 

For  the  Westminster  Election  see  No.  6474,  &c.  This  design  appears  to 
illustrate  a  newspaper  paragraph:  'Her  Grace  of  Devonshire  has  now 
directed  the  efforts  of  her  canvass  to  the  purlieus  of  Peter  Street,  Petty 
France,  and  Tothill  Fields  Bridewell.  Sam  House  and  her  Grace  form  a 
very  agreeable  tete-a-tete^  and  appear  to  canvass  with  equal  success.* 
Westminster  Election^  p.  244  (see  No.  6487).  One  of  the  points  made  in  this 
and  similar  satires  (cf.  No.  6536)  is  that  only  householders  who  paid  poor 
rates,  &c.  were  qualified  to  vote.  The  demand  for  a  scrutiny  was  based 
on  allegations  that  such  unqualified  persons  had  voted  for  Fox.  Cf.  *No 
less  than  one  hundred  unwashed  unshaven^  and  shirtless  rogues  (alias 
journeymen  Spitalfields  weavers)  tendered  their  votes  for  M'"  Fox  on 
Friday  and  Saturday  last,  but  owing  to  the  excellent  precaution  of  having 
the  parish  books  at  the  Hustings,  they  were  rejected.'  Westminster  Election^ 
p.  240.  See  also  Nos.  6566,  6575,  &c.  The  title  is  from  Thomas  King's 
farce  (1769). 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election^  p.  254. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  130-2  (reproduction).   Reproduced  (without  the 
background),  Grego,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary  Elections ,  1892,  p.  275. 
8|Xi3in. 

6549  FATAL  AMBITION!  OR  REYNARD  AT  HIS  WITS  END. 

[?  Collings.] 

Puh.  April  22.  1784.  by  W.  Wells,  AT"  132.  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  is  seated  on  the  ground,  a  chain  attached  to  his  I.  ankle; 
North  (r.)  squats  beside  him  with  an  anxious  expression,  holding  him  by 
the  arm.  Three  ladies  stand  round  the  disconsolate  couple.  The  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  leans  towards  him,  holding  out  her  arms  and  saying.  Take 
comfort — the  Duke  will  never  let  you  zvant  a  bit  of  Bread.  Fox  says.  By 
Heaven  I  shall  abhor  the  sight  of  them  that  ever  bid  me  be  of  comfort  more. 
Behind  the  Duchess  (1.)  stands  a  lady  putting  her  hands  together  and  say- 
ing My  dear  Lord  will  nevermore  be  at  the  head  of  y^  Treasury  \  she  is  the 
Duchess  of  Portland,*  see  No.  6494,  &c.  Behind  North  the  third  lady 
approaches  Fox  holding  out  her  arms,  and  saying  Where  is  he!  Oh  let  me 
clasp  him  in  these  eager  arms  and  comfort  him  with  love.  She  is  probably 
Mrs.  Robinson  (Perdita),  often  mentioned  as  canvassing  for  Fox;  cf. 
Cornwallis  Corr.,  i.  166,  and  Nos.  61 17,  6520. 

*  Mr.  Hawkins  identified  her  as  Lady  North,  but  she  is  not  mentioned  among 
the  canvassing  ladies. 

108 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1784 

The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  wears  a  riding-habit  and  a  hat  with  a  Fox 
favour  and  a  fox's  brush.  The  other  ladies  wear  plain  straw  hats  and 
a  Fox  favour  at  the  breast,  that  of  Mrs.  Robinson  being  inscribed  Fox 
Love. 

For  Fox's  despair  of  success  at  the  beginning  of  the  poll,  see  Russell, 
Memorials  and  Corr.  of  C.  J.  Fox^  ii.  267.  On  20  Apr.  he  was  hopeful, 
on  27  Apr.  confident.  Ibid.,  p.  268.   See  Appendix  I. 

8fxi3in. 


6550  THE  BRENTFORD  RACE  FOR  THE  MIDDLESEX  SEPTEN- 
NIAL PLATE. 

PF.  Z).  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Brown^  Rathhone  Place.  April  22^  1784. 

Engraving.  The  candidates  for  Middlesex  and  their  supporters  race  (r.  to 
I.)  to  Brentford.  The  foremost  rider  is  Wilkes  on  a  horse  wearing  a  royal 
crown  (indicating  George  III,  cf.  No.  6568);  he  holds  up  the  cap  oi  Liberty 
on  its  staff.  Half  a  length  behind,  and  nearer  the  spectator,  is  Mainwaring, 
holding  up  a  sword  whose  blade  is  inscribed  Justice.  His  horse's  human 
head  is  blindfolded,  in  its  mouth  is  a  pair  of  scales ;  in  one  balance  is  Byng 
Dunston,  in  the  other  and  heavier,  Wilkes  Manwaring.  The  horse  probably 
represents  Justice,  its  rider  was  a  well-known  Middlesex  Justice  and  chair- 
man of  the  Middlesex  Sessions.  Behind  Wilkes,  his  horse's  head  hidden, 
is  a  rider  not  identified,  he  has  lost  his  stirrups  and  clutches  his  saddle  with 
both  hands.  Behind  these  three  and  in  the  centre  of  the  design  is  George 
Byng,  the  friend  of  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  M.P.  for  Middlesex  since 
1780  (see  No.  6078).  He  rides  a  pair  of  horses  (representing  the  Coalition), 
standing  with  one  foot  on  the  saddle  of  each ;  the  near  horse  has  the  head 
of  Fox,  the  other  that  of  North;  the  tail  of  the  near  horse  is  a  fox's  brush 
inscribed  Grace.  The  fore  legs  of  the  pair  touch  a  paper  inscribed  Test. 
Byng's  whip  is  inscribed  Coalition  and  he  is  saying,  Spur  them  up  behind 
Doctor^  or  I  shall  lose  the  race^  addressing  Hall,  the  Westminster  apothecary, 
who  rides  like  a  hobby  horse  a  pair  of  crutches  tied  with  a  ribbon ;  in  place 
of  a  hat  he  wears  a  mortar  inscribed  All  [sic^  Blue  and  Bujf\  he  holds  up 
his  pestle  as  if  it  were  a  whip. 

Behind  Byng,  Jeffery  Dunstan  rides  an  ass  with  long  ears  and  the  head 
of  Sam  House ;  he  looks  round  to  address  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  who 
is  the  last  of  the  cavalcade.  The  Duchess  (r.)  rides  astride,  her  bunched- 
up  skirt  showing  spurred  half-boots.  Her  horse  has  the  head  of  the  Earl 
of  Surrey;  she  says,  Byng  for  ever — and  may  the  Hearty  Cock  ever  stand 
stout  in  our  sarvice.  Dunstan  says.  Well  said  my  Dutchess — Charly's 
Whipper-in  for  ever.  Huzza.  The  Duchess  wears  a  heavily  trimmed  hat 
in  which  is  a  large  election  favour  and  four  fox's  tails,  each  inscribed  Byng. 
On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  sign-post  pointing  To  Brentford. 

The  Middlesex  election  was  on  22  Apr.  Wilkes  and  Mainwaring  stood 
together  for  the  Government,  Byng  stood  alone,  so  that  the  situation 
resembled  that  in  Westminster,  but  polling  lasted  one  day  only,  the  result 
being  Mainwaring  1,792,  Wilkes  1,518,  Byng  1,504.  A  scrutiny  was 
demanded  for  Byng,  who  was  one  of  Fox's  martyrs.  London  Chronicle , 
23  and  27  Apr. 

8|xi3in. 

109 


CATALOGUE   OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6551  REYNARD  PUT  TO  HIS  SHIFTS. 

[Rowlandson.] 

iV«  13.    Pu¥  April  23'^  iy84  by  G  Humphrey.  N  48  Long  Acre 
London. 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  stands,  her  feet  apart,  raising  her 
skirt  to  allow  a  fox  (Fox)  to  take  cover  under  her  petticoats.  She  turns  her 
head  in  profile  to  the  r.  towards  a  huntsman  on  foot  who  halloos  to  his 
hounds.  Tally  O  my  good  Dogs;  his  two  dogs  bark.  No  Coalition  and  No 
India  Bill.  The  duchess  says,  My  dear  Fox  get  into  Cover.  She  looks  very 
handsome  and  bold,  a  sash  round  her  waist  streams  out  in  the  wind ;  in  her 
hat  are  the  usual  ostrich  plumes  fcf.  No.  6530,  &c.),  fox's  brush,  and  favour 
inscribed  Fox.  The  fox  crouches  under  her  feet,  looking  round  at  his 
pursuers  in  alarm. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  For  the  state  of  the  poll  see  Appendix  I. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  132. 

8|Xi2liin. 


6552  A  WORD  TO  THE  WISE,  OR  BILLY  UNMASKED 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  April  23  1784  by  H  M'  Phail  N  68  High 
Holborn 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.)  holds  out  in  his  1.  hand  towards  Fox  (r.)  a  chain ;  in  his 
r.  is  a  mask ;  he  stands  on  Magna  Charta.  Fox  looks  away  from  Pitt,  hold- 
ing a  sword  in  his  r.  hand  and  pointing  to  a  British  ship  at  sea;  above  the 
ship  is  inscribed.  Rule  Britania  Britania  Rule  the  Waves  For  Britains  never 
Shall  be  Slaves.  The  ship  and  the  words  are  enclosed  within  a  rectangle 
on  the  r.  of  the  design.  Fox  is  saying  /  will  ever  Maintain  the  Rights  of  the 
People  In  Parliament,  for  it  is  that  Parliament  only  that  Can  keep  Us  from 
Slavery  and  Oppression. 

On  the  1.  of  the  design,  beside  Pitt,  are  three  rectangles  arranged 
vertically  one  above  the  other,  which  correspond  to  that  on  the  r.   In  the 

highest  are  the  words  By  the  K s  Letters  Patent  P s  [Pitt's]  New 

Invented  Fetters  after  the  French  Fashion.  Below  this  is  a  chain  resembling 
that  held  by  Pitt  and  a  pair  of  wooden  shoes,  traditional  emblem  of  French 
slavery.  In  the  lowest  compartment,  inscribed  Slavery,  is  an  almost  naked 
man  seated  in  a  dungeon,  his  wrists  chained  to  the  wall. 

One  of  the  comparatively  few  satires  directly  attacking  Pitt  published 
in  1784.  See  Nos.  6417,  &c.,  6436,  &c.,  6556,  6587,  6603. 
7jXi2iyn. 


6553  THE  SCRUTINY,  OR  EXAMINATION  OF  THE  FILTH. 

[?  Phillips.] 

Published  by  S.  Fores,  N"  j,  Piccadilly,  April  24  1784, 

Engraving.  Five  men  stand  round  six  chamber-pots,  arranged  in  two  piles 
of  three,  each  inscribed  Poll  Book  1784  and  supported  on  a  rectangular 

no 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

block  or  table  on  which  the  title  is  engraved.  Each  man  holds  his  nose. 
One  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  who  holds  a  spoon,  is  vomiting;  he  says: 

/  already  am  sick 

Of  this  poisonous  trick 

The  busines  so  thick 

T'would  weary  old  Nick 

With  spoon  or  stick 

Right  from  wrong  to  pick. 

His  vis-a-vis  (r.),  who  stirs  the  contents  of  a  pot  with  a  spoon,  says : 
The  cause  I  may  gainy 
Though  with  labour  and  pain 
I  can  hardly  refrain 
From  puking  amain 
Thro  such  fillth  for  to  tag 
Is  wores  [sic\  than  euphorbium  bag 

(an  allusion  to  the  bag  thrown  at  Fox  in  Westminster  Hall,  see  No. 
6426,  &c.). 

The  other  three  stand  together  behind  the  table;  the  central  one  says, 
A  hogo  here  is.  Worse  than  Cats  pis  Than  Devils  Spew.  Or  Asafoetida.  Two 
demons  hold  out  a  net  which  stretches  behind  the  scrutineers.  One  (1.) 
says: 

Ay  Brother  and  by  my  tail, 
The  Sheriffs  shall  admit  no  bail. 

The  other  (r.)  says : 

Spread  the  net  and  you  shall  see 
Many  a  false  oath  will  come  to  me. 

A  satire  on  the  demand  for  a  scrutiny  made  on  behalf  of  Wray  as  soon 
as  it  appeared  that  Fox  might  secure  a  majority  (see  Appendix  I).  On 
23  Apr.  the  committee  for  Hood  and  Wray  issued  an  advertisement  pledg- 
ing themselves  'should  the  various  manoeuvres  of  M^  Fox's  party  so  far 
prevail,  ...  in  justice  to  the  injured  Electors  that  not  only  a  scrutiny  shall 
be  demanded,  but  supported  with  every  possible  exertion*.  Westminster 
Election,  1784,  p.  109.  On  5  May,  &c.,  Hood  and  Wray's  Committee  for 
the  scrutiny  advertised  the  names  of  seven  banks  receiving  subscriptions 
'for  supporting  the  said  scrutiny',  ibid.,  p.  114. 

For  the  scrutiny  see  Nos.  6555,  6557,  6563,  p.  123,  6575,  6578,  6589, 
6590,  6619,  6621,  6622,  6623,  6624,  6626,  6671,  6783  (the  defeat  of  the 
Ministry),  7124,  7339,  7389,  7480. 
7|Xioiin.  (pi.). 

6554  SUPPORTERS  OF  F— X  AND  LIBERTY. 

[  ?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  April  24.  1784.  by  H.  Humphrey.  N""  31.  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  Four  men  stand  in  the  pillory,  in  pairs.  The  arrangement  is 
not  that  of  the  actual  pillory :  they  stand  on  a  cross-bar  which  connects  two 
high  posts,  one  at  each  side  of  the  design,  each  of  which  supports  a  board, 
through  the  holes  in  which  are  thrust  the  heads  and  hands  of  two  victims. 
The  cross-bar  is  much  above  the  level  of  the  ground.  In  the  centre  of  the 
design,  below  the  cross-bar,  is  inset  the  head  of  Fox  in  an  oval,  on  a  much 

III 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

larger  scale  than  the  figures ;  he  has  an  expression  of  scowling  perplexity. 
The  men  in  the  pillory  say  (1.  to  r.),  /  am  only  vexed  I  was  not  Paid  before 
I  swore;  Little  did  I  think  of  this  &y  Dam  such  pay  as  this;  They  Promise  to 

keep  me  from  Danger-,  and,  Dam  her  Gr e  she  brought  me  to  this. 

They  are  supposed  to  be  men  who  had  taken  'the  bribery  oath',  or  had 

sworn  falsely  that  they  were  qualified  electors  of  Westminster,  undergoing 

the  punishment  for  perjury.  The  implication  is  that  the  scrutiny,  see  No. 

6553,  &c.,  will  reveal  a  number  of  persons  who  will  be  indicted  for  perjury. 

Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

These  little  Villains  must  submit  to  fate 

That  great  ones  may  enjoy  the  World,  in  State. 

Three  prints  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

DARK  LANTHERN  BUSINESS  OR  MRS  HOB  AND  NOB  ON  A 
NIGHT  CANVASS  WITH  A  BOSOM  FRIEND. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  April  24^  by  H.  Humphrey  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  night-scene  under  the  Piazza  of 
Covent  Garden,  the  centre  of  the  square  in  the  background  is  seen  through 
an  arch  of  the  arcade.  A  couple,  embracing,  hurry  through  a  doorway  (r.) 
over  which  is  Haddocks  (a  well  known  bagnio).  The  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire, her  breast  bare,  holding  a  lantern,  takes  a  prim  young  man  by  the 
arm,  saying.  Vote  for  whom  you  please  but  Kiss  before  you  Poll.  He  answers, 
tis  too  much  neighbour!  I  could  not  go  through  with  it.  Behind  (1.),  Mrs. 
Hobart  directs  her  lantern  upon  an  old  and  decrepit  Chelsea  pensioner 

and  a  negro  supported  on  stumps  and  crutches;  she  says,  D n  the 

Duchess,  She  got  all  the  young  voters. 

A  satire  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  see  No. 
6493,  &c.,  and  Mrs.  Hobart,  see  No.  6526,  &c. 
81X13  in. 

INFLUENCE    COALITION     SATURN   COALITION     DEVON—E 
COALITION 

Published  April  24,  1^84  by  J.  P.  Elwen. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  isolated  groups,  each  with  its 
title  (as  above).  On  the  1.  Pitt  stands  behind  the  throne  of  George  HI, 
who  turns  to  him  as  if  asking  advice.  In  the  centre  Fox  and  North  stand 
together.  Fox  (r.)  with  a  cloven  hoof  which  rests  on  Ch[art]er  India,  North 
with  Taxes  issuing  from  his  pocket;  above  their  heads  are  an  axe  and 
halter.  On  the  r.  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  embraces  a  butcher,  who 
pockets  a  bribe  of  io£.  Above  their  heads  is  a  signpost :  a  ducal  coronet 
with  a  pair  of  horns. 

A  combined  attack  on  the  Coalition,  see  Nos.  6176-9,  6393,  &c..  Fox's 
India  Bill,  see  Nos.  6271,  6368,  &c.,  and  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire,  see  No.  6493,  &c.   The  Foxite  theme  of  Pitt's  subservience 
to  the  Crown  (see  No.  6417,  &c.)  is  countered. 
7jXii|in. 

112 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

THE    DISAPPOINTED    CANDIDATE    AND    THE    TERRIFIED 
PREMIER 

W.P.C.  [Carey.] 

Pub.  for  W.  P.  Carey  N"  66,  Drury  Lane,  April  26,  1784. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Wray  sits  (r.)  in  despair;  a  demon  holds 
out  to  him  a  halter,  saying,  All  that  remains  for  you  to  do  now  is  to  imitate 
your  great  predecessor  and  use  this  Halter.  Wray  says.  Disappointed  in  my 
hopes,  abandoned  by  my  friends  and  dispised  by  my  enemies  I  must  now  bid 
adieu  to  this  world.  Beside  him  are  inscriptions  alluding  to  Chelsea 
Hospital,  the  tax  on  maidservants,  and  other  taxes:  On  Weddings,  Do  to 
Prevent  population,  On  Births  (cf.  No.  6253).  Pitt  stands  looking  at  Wray 
in  alarm,  saying.  In  thy  fall  i  see  my  ruin!  From  his  pocket  issues  a  Satyr 
on  Woman  (cf.  No.  6556). 

In  the  background  are  two  scenes  on  a  small  scale :  on  the  1.  Fox  is  being 
chaired  by  three  ladies ;  he  holds  the  cap  and  staff  of  Liberty.  On  the  r. 
Churchill  stands  in  the  pillory  for  Perjury ;  a  hostile  crowd  is  indicated. 

For  Fox's  increasing  majority  over  Wray  see  Appendix  I.  Churchill  was 
the  chairman  of  Hood  and  Wray's  Committee.  He  was  called  in  a  squib 
dated  20  Apr.  1784  'Prince  of  the  United  Parishes  of  S^  James's  and  St. 
Margaret's  Westminster'.  For  Wray  as  Judas  see  No.  6492,  &c. 

6555  A  D E  [DEVONSHIRE]  ROUT  OR  REYNARD  IN  HIS 

ELEMENT. 

Pub  April  26  1784  by  F  Clarkson  N°  75  S^  Pauls  Church  Yard  v 

Engraving.  Fox  and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  walk  together  (1.  to  r.) 
hand  in  hand;  her  petticoats  are  being  blown  up  to  the  knee  by  a  blast 
from  the  mouth  of  North,  whose  head  emerges  from  clouds  in  the  upper 
1.  corner  of  the  design.  She  says.  The  Favourable  assistance  of  Boras  is  very 
gratefull  when  heated  by  the  fateigues  of  Canvasing.  Fox  dances  along  with 
a  slyly  jovial  expression,  holding  up  in  his  1.  hand  a  purse  labelled  Fresh 
Supplies ;  he  says,  Charly  loves  to  kiss  &  play  as  sweet  as  Sugar  Candy.  The 
Duchess  wears  a  hat  trimmed  with  a  large  Fox  favour,  three  ostrich  feathers 
(cf.  No.  6530,  &c.),  and  a  fox's  brush.  From  her  1.  leg  hangs  the  ribbon 
of  a  garter  inscribed  Fox.  Immediately  behind  the  Duchess  is  Burke  on 
hands  and  knees  peering  under  her  petticoats;  he  says.  Heavens  how 
happily  the  principels  of  the  Sublime  &  Butiful  are  blended.  Behind  him 
walk  together  two  rough  fellows  (1.),  one  a  butcher,  who  turns  grinning  to 
his  companion  and  points  to  the  Duchess's  legs  and  saying,  /  thought  we 
ware  all  to  avoid  a  Scrutany  if  Possible.  Across  the  front  of  his  cap  is  the 
word  Fox.  The  other  answers.  So  we  are,  for  except  in  this  instance  Dam 
me  if  I  think  we  are  able  to  bare  one.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  grinning  youth 
plays  a  fiddle  to  which  Fox  dances ;  he  sings, 

Charly  loves  good  Cakes  &  ale 
Charly  loves  good  Brandy. 

The  corner  of  a  wall  above  his  head  is  inscribed  Henrietta  Street, 
showing  that  the  scene  is  Covent  Garden. 
For  the  proposed  scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c. 

9Xi3iVn. 

113  I 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6556  ROBIN   HOOD'S   VICTORY   OVER  PAM,   THE   K G'S 

IMMACULATE  CHAMPION,  ON  CONSTITUTION  HILL. 

W.P.C  [Carey.]  M 

Pub.  by  Jacob  DoucCy  at  the  HustingSy  Covent  Garden — and  in  Drury 
lane — April  26,  1784. 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.),  riding  an  ass  with  the  head  of  George  III,  is  pierced 
by  the  sword  of  Fox  (r.)  who  is  mounted  on  a  bull  inscribed  John  Bull. 
Pitt,  very  thin,  holds  up  his  hand  submissively,  his  sword  has  fallen  to  the 
ground;  it  is  a  Scottish  broadsword,  the  blade  inscribed  A  present  from  the 
ThaTWy  to  show  that  he  has  inherited  Bute's  supposed  secret  influence  with 
the  king.  The  ass  is  inscribed  The  ♦****'*  A**^  i.e.  The  Queen's  Ass,  a 
familiar  name  for  the  Queen's  zebra  which  grazed  in  the  grounds  of  Buck- 
ingham House,  much  used  in  pictorial  satire  c.  1762,  see  No.  3870,'  &c., 
and  cf.  No.  7384;  the  ass  (George  III)  is  saying.  Prerogative!  prerogative! 
now  my  dear  boy^  Pam,  cut  him^  hack  him,  slash  him!  Fox,  his  sword  resting 
on  Pitt,  its  blade  inscribed  The  Sword  of  Rinaldo,  says,  Such  be  the  fate  of 
Tyrants!  The  bull  is  snorting  Z) — n  prerogative. 

One  of  the  few  prints  directly  attacking  Pitt  published  during  the  election, 
see  No.  6552,  &c.  Pam  connotes  Knave  of  Clubs  (see  No.  6488),  here  Pitt, 
but  Fox  in  No.  6488,  &c.   Pitt,  'immaculate  Billy',  was  ridiculed  for  his 
chastity,  cf.  No.  8054.  For  George  III  as  an  ass  cf.  Nos.  5669,  5683,  6007. 
8ftxi2i^gin. 

6557  A  MEETING  OF  THE  FEMALE  CANVASSERS  IN  COVENT 
GARDEN. 

WPG  [Carey.]  M. 

Pub.  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Holland  N"  66  Drury  lane  [n.d.] 

Engraving.  Mrs.  Hobart  (1.),  enormously  fat,  and  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire (r.)  stand  facing  each  other  in  profile.  Mrs.  Hobart  holds  under  her 
r.  arm  a  fat  badger  with  the  head  of  Wray,  his  collar  inscribed  Ministerial 
Badger.  The  Duchess  holds  a  fox  under  her  1.  arm ;  the  animals  snarl  at  each 
other;  the  fox  (Fox)  says.  Poor  Badger!  Where's  your  scrub  majority  now! 
The  badger  answers,  A  fig  for  your  Electors!  Mountmorres  is  acquainted 
with  the  whole  bunch  and  he  swears  you'll  find  them,  my  cunning  Fox,  sour 
grapes  in  the  scrutiny.  Mrs.  Hobart  says,  /  shall  burst  with  indignation. 
Behind  her  and  hung  on  a  wall  is  a  downward-hanging  flag  inscribed 
Ensign  of  Disappointment,  with  a  key  inscribed  Key  of  the  Back  Stairs,  see 
No.  6564.  Between  the  heads  of  the  canvassers  is  posted  a  bill,  the  lower 
part  only  being  visible :  And  for  the  coarse,  vulgar  abuse  which  appear  in 
certain  manifestos,  signed  John  Churchill,  the  Select  Committee  are  only  sorry 
to  see  the  friends  of  the  Court  Candidates  so  very  angry  at  this  period  of  the 
Poll,  as  they  will  probably  stand  in  need  of  some  portion  of  temper  at  the  close 
of  it.  With  this  caution  they  leave  the  Committee  at  Wood's  at  full  liberty  to 
rave  about  bribes  and  bludgeons,  perjuries  and  butchers,  lodgers  and  wounds, 
weavers  and  cleavers,  and  according  to  their  own  discretion  to  decorate  their 
advertisement  with  all  that  election  quackery  suggests  in  desperate  cases. 

By  order  of  the  Committee 

R.  Morrell,  Secretary. 
*  Also  the  title  of  a  print  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  See  No.  7156. 

114 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Probably  an  actual  poster:  R.  Morrell  signed  the  advertisements  of  a 
Select  Committee  at  Irelands',  Bow  Street,  on  illegal  votes. 

Behind  the  Duchess  on  the  extreme  r.  are  two  slatternly  ballad-singers 
who  sing,  Charley  Fox  with  a  Plumper  for  me!^  and  Fox  with  a  Plumper  for 
me!  Above  their  heads  is  the  lower  part  of  a  placard  inscribed : 

an  unalterable  friend  to  the  rights  of  the  People. 
I  am  with  every  sentiment  of  gratitude  and  respect ^ 
Gentlemen 
Your  most  obedient^ 
And  most  humble  seri/ 
C.  J.  Fox. 

S^  James's  S^  April  26 

1784 

The  Duchess  wears  a  large  favour  in  her  hat  inscribed  Fox  &  Liberty ; 
one  of  the  ballad-singers,  whose  breasts  are  uncovered,  has  a  similar  favour 
inscribed  Fox. 

For  the  allegations  that  Lord  Mountmorres,  a  leading  supporter  of  Hood 
and  Wray,  was  a  lodger  without  a  vote,  see  No.  6492.  John  Churchill  was 
the  active  chairman  of  the  Election  Committee  of  Hood  and  Wray  who 
signed  the  party  advertisements  from  Wood's  Hotel.  For  some  of  the  gibes 
alluded  to  in  Morrell's  notice  see  Nos.  6548,  6575,  &c.  For  the  scrutiny 
see  No.  6553,  &c.  For  Mrs.  Hobart  and  the  Duchess  as  rival  canvassers 
see  No.  6526,  &c.   For  the  state  of  the  poll  see  Appendix  I. 

The  drawing,  incised  for  transfer  to  the  plate,  is  in  the  Print  Room 
(201*  b.  2). 
9Xi2iiin. 

6558  CARLO-KHAN  IN  LIMBO. 

Publish' d  by  I  Notice  Oxford  Road  April  26  1784 

Engraving.  Through  a  grated  window  in  the  stone  wall  of  a  dungeon  looks 
the  disconsolate  face  of  Fox;  beneath  the  window  is  inscribed  Pray 
Remember  the  Poor  Debters.  Burke  (r),  walking  in  profile,  approaches  from 
the  r.,  holding  in  both  hands  a  bag  inscribed  Broken  Victuals.  He  has  a 
distressed  expression,  saying.  Her  Grace  is  very  good  to  him  I  think — well 
tis  an  oeeconeical  [sic]  situation.  In  the  centre  of  the  design  is  the  low  door 
of  the  prison,  studded  with  nails  and  fastened  by  a  chain  and  huge  padlock. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  For  other  satires  on  Fox's  poverty,  cf.  No.  6500,  &c. 
For  Fox  as  Carlo  Khan  see  Nos.  6276,  6473,  &c.  For  the  debtors'  prison 
cf.  No.  6483,  &c.  He  was  now  confident  of  success,  see  Appendix  I. 
9Xi0j»gin. 

6559  PARLIMENT  SECURITY  OR  A  BORROUGH  IN  RESERVE. 

[  ?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  by  E.  Rich  April.  28.  1784.  N  55.  opposite  Anderton's  Coffee 
House.  Fleet  street. 

Engraving.   The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.),  wearing  very  wide  hooped 
petticoats,  shelters  a  fox  beneath  them.    Its  head  projects  from  a  slit 

"5 


y 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

which  she  holds  open  with  her  hands,  its  tail  shows  between  her  feet. 
She  says : 

Here  my  dear  Reynard  when  all  trouble* s  pasty 

You'll  find  a  Borrough  open  at  the  last. 

Her  hat  is  trimmed  with  the  usual  ostrich  plumes  and  fox's  brush,  cf. 
No.  6530,  &c.  North  stands  facing  her,  saying  He's  IN  for  a  Borrough, 
Beneath  the  design  is  inscribed  : 

In  vain  may  Wits  reprove^  and  Criticks  blarney 
Nor  shall  concealment  in  this  cause  defamCy 
Reynard  in  gratitude  of  such  protectiony 
Now  pays  the  devoirs  of  his  Election. 

One  of  many  gross  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire for  Fox,  see  No.  6493,  &c.  It  anticipates  news  of  the  return  of  Fox 
for  Tain,  Dingwall,  and  Kirkwall  (the  Orkney  boroughs)  on  26  April, 
which  Fox  records  on  7  May.  Russell,  Memorials  and  Corr.  of  Fox  y  ii.  269 ; 
see  No.  6614,  &c. 
8j^gXi2|in. 

6560  THE  TIPLING  DUTCHESS  RETURNING  FROM  CANVASS- 
ING 

Published  Aprilly  29, 1^84  by  A  Aitken  N""  2  Orange  Court  Drury 
Lane 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  intoxicated,  walks  arm-in-arm 
between  two  supporters,  the  one  on  her  r.  being  Fox,  the  other  one  of  his 
more  prominent  adherents.  Sam  House  (r.)  walks  before  them,  acting  as 
a  link-boy  with  a  lighted  torch,  his  hat,  decorated  with  a  fox's  brush,  in  his 
r.  hand.  Fox  says,  Hold  up  Georgiana  another  Q**  [  ?  quartern]  an  we  shall 
soon  be  at  Piccadilly.  The  Duchess  says,  My  Eyes  &  Limbs  I  shall  Spew 
on  the  Duke  to  night.  Her  other  supporter  says,  pointing  to  Sam  House, 
mxike  hast  Sam  her  Grace  is  taking  short  in  the  poop.  Sam  answers,  /  will 
my  lord  Heaven  bless  her  Grace. 

The  Duchess  wears  no  hat,  but  her  hair  is  decorated  with  a  plume  of 
three  large  ostrich  feathers  (cf.  No.  6530);  her  breast  is  bare. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  for 
Fox,  see  No.  6493,  &c. 
9fxi3f  in.  (pL). 

6561  MADAM  BLUBBER'S  LAST  SHIFT  OR  THE  AEROSTATIC 
DILLY.^ 

[Rowlandson,  probably  after  Townshend.] 

Pu¥  April  2g*^  by  H  Humphreys  [sic]  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  The  piazza  of  Covent  Garden,  with  the  hustings,  showing  a 
line  of  hill  in  the  distance  inscribed  View  of  Richmond  Hill.  In  the  air, 
flying  towards  the  hustings,  is  Mrs.  Hobart  encased  from  the  waist  down- 
wards in  a  circular  balloon  to  which  is  attached  a  hammock-like  platform, 
on  which  lie  two  voters,  face  downwards,  looking  over  the  side.  The  lady, 

'  Dilly  was  colloquial  for  diligence,  the  most  rapid  form  of  stage-coach,  which 
became  known  as  mail-coach  after  1784. 

116 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  upwards,  excessively  fat,  with  uncovered  breast, 
is  saying  This  may  save  him;  her  petticoats  have  been  transformed  into 
the  balloon,  her  *last  shift'.  A  blast  issues  from  her  posteriors.  One  of  her 
passengers  in  profile  to  the  1.  holds  out  his  hand,  saying,  /  see  the  Hustings. 
The  other,  facing  in  the  opposite  direction,  says,  thank  God  I  am  an  outside 
Passenger.  A  flock  of  birds  scatters  r.  and  1.  of  the  balloon. 

Wray,  kneeling  on  one  knee,  and  Hood  standing  behind  him  (r.)  look 
up  eagerly  to  the  balloon,  holding  out  their  hands.  Wrays  says,  A  foul 
wind  is  fair  for  us;  Hood  says,  O  come  sweet  Air  Balloon  or  I  must  off  in  one. 
The  hustings  under  the  portico  of  St.  Paul's  are  freely  sketched ;  gesticula- 
ting orators,  hat  in  hand,  address  the  crowd.  One  of  the  houses  on  the  r. 
(north)  side  of  the  piazza  is  inscribed  Lows;  a  flag  flies  from  a  window. 

Beneath  the  print  is  etched  the  title  and  an  explanation  in  a  centre 
column,  with  the  words  of  a  song  on  each  side  of  it : 

The  grand  political  Balloon  launched  at  Richmond  Park  on  the  of  March 
1784  and  discharged  by  secret  influence  with  great  Effect  in  Covent  Garden 
at  12  O  Clock  on  the  same  day. 

As  it  may  be  necessary  to  explain  to  the  Public  upon  what  principals  a  body 
was  conveyed  12  Miles  with  so  great  velocity  it  must  be  understood  that  the 
lady  tho  ponderous  being  of  a  very  Volatile  disposition^  out  of  decency  sewed  up 
her  petticoats  when  a  little  accident  happening  an  inflammable  Gas  was 
generated  which  immediately  raised  her  to  a  considerable  height  in  the  Atmo- 
sphere and  by  the  attraction  of  secret  influence  was  conveyed  to  her  desired 

Object the  support  of  Hood  and  Wray  and  the  constitution  and  descended 

happily  to  the  Hustings  with  two  outlying  and  dependent  Voters. 

The  Song^  Tune  Bellisle  March^  begins : 


Tho'  in  every  Street 

All  the  Voters  you  meet 
The  Dutchess  knows  but  how  to  court  them 

Yet  for  outlying  Votes 

In  my  Petticoats 
Vve  found  out  a  way  to  transport  them. 

This  print  was  anticipated  by  a  large  bill  signed  'Katterfelto  Junior' 
dated  28  Apr.  adjuring  the  'Friends  of  Hood  and  Wray'  'not  to  dispond 
.  .  .the  outlying  Voters  still  remain  ...  a  much  distinguished  Lady  has 
found  a  way  of  conveying  them  any  distance  her  rival  cannot  reach.  .  .  . 
This  friend  to  the  Constitutional  Candidates  will  descend  upon  the  public 
Hustings  between  one  and  three  As  an  Air  Balloon  . . .'.  Copy  in  Guildhall 
Library  (Collection  of  Squibs  on  the  Westminster  Election),  reprinted 
Westminster  Election,  pp.  109-10.  Mrs.  Hobart  had  a  villa  on  Ham  Com- 
mon (which  she  called  Sans  Souci)^  hence  probably  the  allusion  to  Rich- 
mond Hill.    See  No.  6526. 

The  sketch  for  this  print  (lojx  I2f  in.)  by  an  amateur  is  in  the  Print 
Room  (201.  c.  6/23,  25).  In  this  the  inscriptions  are  as  in  the  print  with 
words  further  to  explain  the  rough  sketch:  'Irish  chairmen'  being  written 
below  St.  Paul's  Church.  Its  manner  resembles  that  of  sketches  by 
Viscount  Townshend  in  the  Department.    It  was  attributed  to  him:  'M''^ 

H 1  has  not  ballooned  a  single  vote  to  the  Hustings  since  she  was 

caricatured  by  the  unmerciful  Viscount  of  Hanover  Square'.  Newspaper 
paragraph  quoted  in  the  Westminster  Electiony  p.  363.   (Townshend  lived 

"7 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

at  9  Hanover  Square.)  Rowlandson's  working  drawing  incised  for  transfer 
is  with  the  sketch,  showing  that  much  of  the  design  was  etched  directly 
on  the  plate. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  134. 
8  J  X  9i  in. ;  with  the  song,  1 3ig  X  9i  in. 

6562  THE  CASE  IS  ALTERED. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  April  2g,  1784  by  J.  Hedges  Royal  Exchange 

Engraving.  A  satirical  sequel  to  No.  6456,  in  which  Fox  is  in  the  cart. 
Fox  drives  (r.  to  1.)  Sir  Cecil  Wray  as  a  pauper  in  the  county  pass-cart  to 
the  place  of  his  settlement  in  Lincolnshire.  Fox  sits  on  the  high  driving- 
seat  of  a  ramshackle  cart  flourishing  his  whip  and  looking  round  at  Wray, 
who  sits  disconsolately  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  hands  clasped  and  resting 
on  the  side  of  the  cart.  Fox  says,  /  will  drive  you  to  Lincoln  where  you  may 
Superintend  the  Small  beer  &  brick  dust.  Wray  says,  /  always  was  a  poor 
dog  But  now  I  am  worse  than  ever.  Hood  stands  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.  look- 
ing at  the  cart  and  saying  Alas  poor  Wray.  A  signpost  (1.)  points  to  Lincoln. 
On  a  tilt  which  covers  part  of  the  cart,  behind  Wray's  head,  is  inscribed 
The  Lincoln  shire  Caravan  for  Paupers. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Wray's  defeat,  see  Nos.  6573,  6574,  6576,  6578, 
6586,  6589,  6590,  6591,  6592,  6594. 

Wray's  country  house  was  Summer  Castle,  near  Lincoln.  An  accusation 
of  parsimony  (see  No.  6492,  &c.),  combined  with  his  proposals  for  the 
abolition  of  Chelsea  Hospital  and  for  a  tax  on  servants  (see  No.  6475,  &c.), 
seriously  prejudiced  his  chances  at  Westminster.  See  Wraxall,  Memoirs, 
1884,  iii.  341.   For  the  state  of  the  poll  see  Appendix  I. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  132-3  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist, 
of  Parliamentary  Elections,  1892,  p.  281. 
9X13  in. 

6562  A  A  later  impression,  n.d.,  signed  T.  Rowlandson  fec^.  Hedges* 
imprint  erased  and  replaced  by  London,  Published  &  sold  by  W.  Humphrey 
N°  3  Lancaster  Court. 

6563  THE  DEPARTURE  [29  Apr.^j 
Etch'd  by  T  Rowlandson                             Published  by  W  Humphrey. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox  seated  on  an  ass 
takes  leave  of  two  ladies,  one  on  each  side  of  the  ass,  holding  a  hand  of 
each.  From  under  his  saddle  protrudes  his  India  Bill.  On  his  1.  stands  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.)  holding  out  to  him  a  fox's  brush.   She  says: 

Farewell  my  Charley — let  no  fears  assail 

For  Sure  no  Fox  had  e^er  so  fine  a  Tail. 

Fox  answers,  looking  down  at  her : 

If  that  a  Scrutiny  at  last  takes  place 
I  can't  tell  how  'twill  be  &  please  your  grace 
But  Ladies  for  your  Friendship  &  good  zvill 
My  Bushy  Tail  is  at  your  service  still. 

^  See  below ;  dated  1 8  May  by  Grego,  when  perhaps  the  print  was  reissued. 

118 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Lady  Duncannon,  holding  Fox's  r.  hand,  looks  across  at  the  Duchess 
saying : 

Ah!  Sister,  Sister,  must  he  then  depart 

To  loose  poor  Reynard:  almost  breaks  my  heart. 

They  stand  outside  a  house;  three  ostrich  feathers  over  the  door  (r.) 
indicate  Carlton  House.  From  a  window  the  Prince  of  Wales  looks  at  the 
group  below.  On  the  extreme  1.  and  facing  Fox,  stands  Burke  in  profile 
to  the  r.  as  a  post-boy  in  jack-boots,  and  holding  a  whip ;  under  his  arm  is 
his  Plan  of  economy  (cf.  No.  5657).  A  signpost  points  (1.)  To  Coventry, 

Fox  retires  *to  Coventry'  on  account  of  the  threatened  scrutiny,  see  No. 
6553,  &c.  Cf.  also  No.  6614,  &c.  For  the  India  Bill,  see  Nos.  6271,  6368, 
&c.  For  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  and  other  ladies  see  No.  6493,  &c. 
For  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  election  see  No.  6528,  &c. 

There  is  an  earlier  impression  (copy  in  Guildhall  Library)  with  the 
imprint  Puh  April  2g^^  1784  by  S.  Hedges  Royal  Exchange.   North  (after- 
wards erased)  is  seated  on  the  ground  like  a  beggar  (r.),  naked  except  for 
a  tartan  plaid  on  his  shoulders ;  he  holds  up  his  breeches  on  a  staff,  saying : 
If  you  to  Coventry  with  Baalam  go 
I  still  will  Coalize — ge  up — ge — ho. 

For  the  Coalition  cf.  No.  6393,  &c. 
Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  140-1. 
9X13  J  in. 

6564  PROCESSION  TO  THE  HUSTINGS  AFTER  A  SUCCESSFUL 

CANVASS,  NO:  14. 

[Rowlandson.] 

London  Published  April  jo^*  ^^7^4  by  G  Humphrey  iV"  48  Long  Acre. 

Engraving.  An  election-procession  marches  (r.  to  1.)  towards  the  hustings 
which  are  indicated  by  a  corner  of  the  pediment  of  St.  Paul's  Church  and 
a  crowd.  A  band  of  butchers,  with  marrow-bones  and  cleavers,  heads  the 
procession.  Next  walks  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  holding  up  on  a  pole 
a  pair  of  breeches  inscribed  Man  of  the  People,  and  surmounted  by  a  crow- 
ing cock.  She  is  followed  by  a  lady  holding  up  on  a  pole  a  placard  with 
Fox  (a  fox)  a?id  the  Rights  of  the  Commons.  A  third  lady  holds  up  on  a  pole 
a  mob-cap  and  apron  inscribed  No  Tax  on  Maid  Servants.  They  are 
followed  by  sturdy-looking  citizens  wearing  Fox  favours,  one  of  whom 
carries  a  fourth  standard :  a  key  tied  in  a  hoop  and  inscribed  Key  of  the  Back 
Stairs,^  in  allusion  to  the  'secret  influence'  which  favoured  Pitt,  cf.  Nos. 
6417,  &c.,  6557,  6592,  7139,  7325,  7339,  7372,  7634,  8102.  House  is  seen 
between  the  first  two  ladies,  waving  his  hat  and  wildly  cheering  the  pro- 
cession; other  spectators  do  the  same.    See  No.  6475,  &c. 

The  Duchess  is  more  characterized  than  her  two  companions,  who 
are  probably  her  sister  Lady  Duncannon  and  perhaps  Mrs.  Crewe,  cf. 
No.  6493,  &c.  All  three  wear  the  ostrich  plumes  and  fox's  brush  which 
were  worn  as  emblems  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  of  Fox  (see  No. 
6530,  &c.). 

'  This  emblem  appears  to  have  been  first  used  on  14  Feb.,  during  Fox's  proces- 
sion to  Devonshire  House  (see  No.  6421,  &c.),  when  'at  Lord  Temple's,  a  wag  held 
up  a  flag  tied  to  a  stick,  hung  round  with  crape,  which  he  called  the  Secret  Influence 
Key  in  Mourning'.  Full  and  Authentic  Account  of  the  Proceedings  in  Westminster 
Hall,  1784,  pp.  26-7  n. 

119 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  219. 

The  original  sketch  for  this  design  by  an  amateur,  with  the  inscriptions 
as  in  the  plate,  together  with  Rowlandson's  sketch  incised  for  transfer,  is 
in  the  Print  Room  (201.  c.  6/14,  27).  See  also  No.  6576. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  134.  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary 
Elections,  1892,  p.  282;  Stokes,  The  Devonshire  House  Circle,  1917,  p.  206. 
SfxisJin. 

6564  A  Another  impression  with  altered  publication-line :  the  words  after 
G.  Humphrey  have  been  erased  and  Printseller  &  Dealer  in  Natural 
Curiosities,  N^  48  Long  Acre  engraved  in  their  place. 

6565  HER  *****  [GRACE]  CARRYING  A  PLUMPER  FOR  CHARLY 

[W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprieter,  by  T.  Bun,  S^  Martinis  Lane 
April  30,  iy84 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (1.)  carries  a  fat  butcher  (r.),  both 
her  arms  round  his  waist,  his  r.  arm  is  round  her  waist,  their  faces  are  in 
profile  looking  at  each  other.  She  says,  Fll  try  all  measures  to  bring  the 
matter  to  a  proper  Issue ;  he  says.  Oh! — who  can  withstand  such  charms.  She 
wears  a  large  hat  trimmed  with  a  Fox  favour,  laurel  branch,  and  four  fox's 
brushes  inscribed  respectively,  Love  and  \  Liberty  \  Delicacy  and  \  Decorum. 
A  crudely  drawn  hand  on  a  signpost  (r.)  points  with  a  thumb  To  Covent 
Garden.  Behind  the  Duchess  (1.)  is  the  corner  of  a  building  inscribed 
Newport  Market. 

One  of  many  gross  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire (see  No.  6493,  &c.),  in  which  Dent  appears  to  have  specialized. 
These  'filthy  prints'  were  denounced  in  the  press ;  see  Westminster  Election, 
pp.  194,  324,  327,  376.   Cf.  No.  6588. 
8|x6|in. 

6566  EVERY  MAN  HAS  HIS  HOBBY  HORSE, 
T.  Petherfed  [Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  May  i'^  1^84  by  W.  Humphrey  N"  22y  Strand. 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  carrying  Fox  on  her  back, 
approaches  an  alehouse.  The  host,  a  negro,  'Mungo',  stands  on  his  door- 
step delightedly  filling  a  glass  for  the  Duchess ;  a  fat  disreputable  slattern 
stands  behind  him.  The  Duchess,  who  supports  herself  by  a  large  staflf, 
holds  a  full  purse  in  her  hand,  saying.  For  the  good  of  the  Constitution  give 
me  a  Glass  of  Gin,  the  suggestion  being  that  she  will  pay  a  large  sum  for 
the  gin  to  secure  a  vote  (cf.  No.  6548).  Her  hat  with  ostrich  plumes  and 
fox's  brush  has  a  favour  inscribed  Fox  ForNi.  Fox,  one  hand  resting  on  her 
shoulder,  waves  his  hat ;  they  are  both  in  profile  to  the  r.  Over  the  doorway 
of  the  alehouse  (or  perhaps  brothel)  is  inscribed  Mungo' s  Hotel  Dealer  in 
British  Spirits ;  the  woman  says.  Give  the  poor  Man  a  Vote  my  Dear  he  is 
a  good  Man  for  the  Ladies.  A  dog  beside  her  barks  at  the  visitors.  The 
gabled  roofs  and  casement  windows  indicated  in  the  background  suggest 
that  this  is  an  old  and  disreputable  part  of  Westminster,  resembling  Peter 

120 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Street  as  in  No.  6548.  The  crowd,  which  is  very  freely  sketched,  also  suggests 
a  low  neighbourhood ;  a  man  and  woman  walk  or  dance  along,  their  arms 
round  each  other's  shoulders ;  he  flourishes  a  full  tankard.  An  excited  group 
shout  and  wave  their  hats  round  two  tall  standards :  one.  Fox  and  Liberty  all 
(yver  the  worlds  above  two  crossed  executioner's  axes,  the  other.  Rights  of 
the  Commons  and  No  Prerogative^  with  a  cap  of  Liberty  on  the  pole,  cf. 
No.  6380,  &c. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  135. 

813X13  in. 


6567  MESSRS  p AND  F OBTAINING  THEIR  FREEDOM. 

[i  May  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine ^  ii.  146.  A  design  in  two  com- 
partments. On  the  1.  Fox  obtains  his  freedom  by  letting  himself  down 
by  a  rope  through  a  hole  which  has  been  broken  in  the  stone  wall  of  a 
prison  (cf.  No.  6483,  &c.);  a  barred  window  is  behind  his  head.  He  says, 
/  have  got  my  Freedom  without  being  beholden  to  the  Grocers.  Cf.  No.  6648. 

In  the  other  and  wider  compartment  men  sit  round  a  table  on  which 
is  a  punch-bowl.  Pitt  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  1.,  has  risen  from  his  chair  to 
accept  the  box  containing  the  freedom  of  the  City,  handed  to  him  by  a  man 
in  a  furred  robe.  He  says,  This  Honour  is  highly  acceptable  to  me.  The  man 
offering  the  box  says,  You  honour  us  greatly.  One  of  the  members  of  the 
Grocers'  Company  says,  M^  Pitt  is  a  Sweet  Man  arid  a  Fig  for  M^  F.y 
another  says,  M''  Pitt  is  welcome  to  MacCy  Cinnamon  and  All-Spice^  but  not 

a  brace  of  Nutmegs  for  M^  F .   A  man  seated  on  the  1.  points  over  his 

shoulder  towards  Fox  escaping  and  says.  There  he  goes. 

For  Pitt's  dinner  with  the  Grocers  on  28  Feb.,  when  he  was  presented 
with  the  freedom  of  the  City  and  became  a  member  of  the  Company,  see 
No.  6442. 

3|x6Jin. 


6568  THE  NEW  COALITION. 

Pu¥  May  i'^  1^84  by  I.  CookCy  Fetter  Lane 

Engraving.  The  king  (1.)  and  Wilkes  (r.)  stand  together,  each  with  his  r. 
arm  on  the  other's  shoulder.  Wilkes  says,  /  now  find  that  you  are  the  best 
of  Princes  [cf.  No.  5979] ;  the  king  says.  Sure!  the  worthiest  of  Subjects  & 
most  Virtuous  of  men.  Wilkes  holds  the  staff  of  Liberty  reversed,  the  cap 
resting  on  the  ground.  From  his  coat-pocket  hang  two  papers,  A^*  B  N°  45 
and  Essay  on  Woman  (cf.  No.  5245).   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

O  rare  Forty  five! 
O  dear  Prerogative! 

The  Wolf  shall  dwell  with  the  Lamby  <Sf  the  Leopard  shall  lie  down  with  the 
Kid;  &  the  Calf  &  the  young  Lion  &  the  Failing  together:  &  a  little  Child 
shall  lead  them.  Isaiah.  Chap.  xi.  V.  xvi. 

There  are  many  allusions  to  the  alliance  between  the  king  and  Wilkes 

121 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

involved  in  the  latter 's  uncompromising  opposition  to  Fox's  India  Bill  and 
support  of  Pitt.   See  the  lines  entitled  'New  Coalitions': 

When  foes  like  oil  and  vinegar  unite 

Which  are  wrong  principles,  and  which  are  right  ? 

When  Piety  and  Blasphemy  agree, 

Can  there  a  stranger  Coalition  be! 

O  best  of  Kings!  cries  W kes,  for  ever  live! 

Subjects  like  W kes,  says  G ,  kind  fortune  give! 

Asylum  for  Fiigitive  PieceSy  i,  1785,  p.  264.  See  also  Westminster  Election, 
p.  329.  See  Nos.  6461,  6550,  6569,  6571,  6584,  6988,  7149.  Cf.  also 
No.  6162,  a  humorous  anticipation  of  the  reconciliation,  then  (1782-3) 
regarded  as  impossible. 

Small  copy,  Grego,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary  Elections ,  1892,  p.  254. 

8ftX7iin.(pl.). 

6568  A  THE  NEW  COALITION  1784 

Another  version,  reversed,  without  publication-line.  'Virtuous'  is  spelt 
VirtuoSy  and  an  asterisk  is  prefixed  to  'little  Child'  with  the  note  *  Vide  Pitt, 
Approximately  the  same  size  (clipped). 

6569  GIVE  JUSTICE  HER  CLAIMS.  [i  May  1784*] 

Engraving.  Wilkes  (1.)  and  George  HI  (r.)  hang  from  a  post,  the  ropes 
round  their  necks  nailed  to  an  oval  (as  in  No.  6178)  bearing  the  arms  of  the 
City  of  London  without  the  dagger,  perhaps  intended  to  suggest  that  the 
City,  by  its  attitude  to  Pitt  and  the  king,  was  disarmed.  From  a  cloud  in 
the  upper  1.  corner  the  Devil  leans  out  holding  a  pitch-fork ;  he  points  a 
finger  at  them,  saying.  Ha!  Ha!  Ha!   What!  come  together  at  last. 

See  No.  6568,  &c. 
7|x6f  in. 

6570  CHEEK  BY  JOUL  OR  THE  MASK 

Published  by  E  Hedges  N''  92  Comhill  May  j^  iy84 

Engraving.  An  imitation  of  The  Mask  by  Sayers,  see  No.  6234:  instead 
of  the  faces  of  North  and  Fox,  those  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (1.)  and 
Fox  (r.)  are  joined  together  to  form  a  mask,  the  division  down  the  centre 
of  the  nose.  The  hair  of  the  Duchess  extends  above  that  of  Fox,  while 
his  'gunpowder  jowl'  extends  below  the  point  of  her  chin. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Two  faces  here  in  one  you  see  designed. 

Each  strongly  mark'd  declares  the  inward  mind, 

One  seems  ambitious  of  a  daring  soul. 

The  other  soft  the  passions  to  controul. 

One  rough  &  virulent,  th*  other  fair  &  free. 

With  looks  that  promise  sensibility. 

When  such  as  these  in  harmony  unite. 

The  contrast  surely  must  amize  [sic\  the  sight, 

A  satire  on  the  relations  of  Fox  and  the  Duchess,  see  No.  6493,  &c, 

9x8^  in. 

*  So  dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins. 

122 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6571  THE  GRAND   COALITION  MEDAL,   STRUCK  IN  BASE 
METAL  GILT. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  May  3^  1784. 

Etching.  Design  in  a  circle.  An  adaptation  of  Sayers*s  Coalition  Medal 
struck  in  Brass ,  see  No.  6183.  Busts  of  Thurlow,  Wilkes,  and  the  king 
superimposed,  simulating  high  relief.  Thurlow,  facing  1.,  wearing  his 
Chancellor's  wig,  is  the  uppermost ;  both  his  bushy  eyebrows  are  visible, 
the  mace  projects  from  behind  him.  The  king  is  in  profile  to  the  r. 
Squeezed  between  Thurlow  and  the  king  is  the  head  of  Wilkes,  elon- 
gated and  much  caricatured,  squinting  violently.  Behind  the  heads  is  a 
background  of  horizontal  lines  in  an  irregular  oval ;  outside  this  oval  and 
within  the  circle  are  emblems  of  the  slavery  threatened  by  this  triumvirate : 
a  pair  of  shackles  (1.)  and  a  set  of  stocks  fastened  by  a  padlock  (r.). 

For  the  'coalition'  between  the  king  and  Wilkes,  see  No.  6568,  &c.  The 
absence  of  Pitt  is  significant. 
8  in.  diam. 

6572  A  NEW  WAY  TO  SECURE  A  MAJORITY:  OR,  NO  DIRTY 
WORK  COMES  AMISS. 

[PCollings.] 

1784  Pu¥  May.  3'^  hy  W.  Watts  [?  Wells]  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  One  side  of  a  poor  street.  Liberty  Lane,  showing  (1.)  a  cobbler's 
bulk  or  stall,  next  it  the  shop  of  a  'botching  tailor',  next  it  a  'penny  barber's'. 
The  one-storied  cottages  recede  in  perspective  from  the  1.,  the  roofs  being 
visible  only  on  the  r. ;  Fox  is  canvassing  the  residents.  He  kneels  in  the 
roadway,  putting  his  face  to  the  bare  posteriors  which  the  cobbler,  who  is 
within  his  stall,  offers  to  him.  A  placard  beside  the  stall  is  inscribed  Shoes 
neatly  mended  by  W.  Heeltap.  Beside  the  stall  (1.)  a  man  stands,  saying, 
What  a  prickley  Beard  the  Rascal  has  got.  Over  the  central  house  is  in- 
scribed Tiniy  Stich  Tailer  Small  Jobs  done  here.  The  tailor,  wearing  a  night- 
cap, sits  on  the  sill  of  his  casement  window,  his  back  towards  Fox,  with  a 
pair  of  open  shears  in  his  hand.  He  says  Mine  will  be  a  Savory  Rellish  If 
he's  fond  of  Cabbage.  For  cabbage  cf.  Nos.  5805,  7867,  8035,  &c.  Over  the 
barber's  window  projects  a  striped  pole,  from  which  hangs  a  board  inscribed 
Shave  for  a  penny.  In  front  of  its  window  a  man  is  walking  away  from  Fox, 
saying.  No  Ray  [W^ray] ;  from  his  bare  posteriors  he  emits  a  blast  inscribed 
Fox  for  ever.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  man  disappears  into  a  doorway,  his  bare 
posteriors  emitting  a  cloud  of  smoke  inscribed  Love  and  Liberty. 

One  of  the  few  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  Fox  in  which  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  is  not  introduced.   See  Nos.  6474,  6493,  &c. 
8ixi2jin. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

REYNARDS  DOUBT— AND  HIS  FRIENDS  COMFORTING  HIM. 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  May  j — 1784  by  E.  Benson  N°  ig  Helton 
Str*  long  Acre. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  stands  complacently,  saying,  /  Hugg 
myself  with  assistance  of  4^^  Reg^  alias  Black-Guard  I  am  chose  for  Westm*: 
Shou'd  I  be  thrown  out  on  Scrutiny — What  shall  I  do.    The  Duchess  of 

123 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Devonshire  (I.),  wearing  Fox  favours,  hat  with  feathers  and  fox-tails,  says, 
My  D^  Fox  never  dispair  I  have  a  Buro  you  shall  be  in  again  [cf.  No.  6559]. 
Behind  (r.)  are  Jeffrey  Dunstan,  standing  (as  in  No.  5637,  &c.)  with  his 
sack  of  old  wigs  on  his  shoulder,  and  a  little  chimney-sweep  riding  an  ass. 
The  former  says.  Sweet  Duche's  I  will  decline  in  Favor  of  Charles  &  turn 
over  my  Interest.  The  other,  waving  his  brush,  says,  Fox  for  ever  Hur^a 
now  my  Hearts  for  Garat. 

Fox,  if  rejected  on  a  scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c.,  through  the  help  of  his 
ragamuffin  friends  will  receive  the  seat  of  Garrat  (Wandsworth),  where 
mock  elections  were  held,  Dunstan  being  elected  three  times.    Cf.  No. 
6614,  &c. 
7Jx8Jin. 

6573  WISDOM   LED  BY  VIRTUE  AND  PRUDENCE  TO  THE 
TEMPLE  OF  FAME. 

[.f^  Kingsbury.^] 

Pub  May  6  1^84  by  J.  Wallis  N"  16  Ludgate  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  (Wisdom)  is  led  in  triumph  between  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  (Virtue)  on  his  r.  and  Lady  Duncannon  (Prudence)  who  holds 
his  1.  hand  in  her  1.  hand.  They  advance  towards  the  Temple  of  Fame  (r.) 
where  Britannia  holds  out  her  arms,  saying.  Welcome  to  my  arms.  The 
ladies  wear  the  usual  ostrich  feathers,  fox's  brush,  and  Fox  favours  in  their 
hair  (cf.  No.  6530).  The  Duchess  also  holds  a  fox's  brush  in  her  r.  hand; 
she  says : 

Let  Envy  rail  &  Disappointment  rage. 

Still  Fox  shall  prove  the  Wonder  of  the  Age. 

Her  sister  says : 

Triumph  &  Fame  shall  every  Step  attend 
His  Kings  best  Subject  &  his  Country's  Friend. 

Behind  (1.)  stands  Sir  Cecil  Wray,  his  arms  folded,  his  hair  composed  of 
writhing  serpents,  and  wearing  a  cloak.  He  looks  over  his  1.  shoulder  at 
the  trio  and  says : 

Now  by  the  ground  that  I  am  banishdfrom 
Well  could  I  curse  away  a  Winters  night. 

For  Wray's  defeat  see  No.  6562,  &c.,  and  Appendix  L  For  the  canvassing 
ladies  see  Nos.  6493,  6588,  &c. 
9X12!  in. 

6574  SIR  JUDAS  WRECKED  ON  THE  ROCK  OF  DISAPPOINT- 
MENT. 

Publishd  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Moore  Vere  S^  Oxford  S^  May  6. 

1784 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Sir  Cecil  Wray  stands  in  a  man-of-war, 
the  Royal  George  (symbolizing  George  HI),  which  is  sinking  under  the 
waves,  the  ship  being  on  a  ver}'  small  scale  in  relation  to  the  man.  He  says, 
/  thought  by  embarking  with  so  great  a  Commander  I  should  have  been 
brought  safe  into  Port.  He  looks  towards  a  curiously-drawn  globular  hum- 
*  Attributed,  somewhat  doubtfully,  to  Rowlandson  by  Grego  (i.  135). 

124 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

mock  (1.)  inscribed  Westminster^  indicating  the  rocks  which  have  wrecked 
the  ship. 

For  other  satires  on  Wray's  defeat  see  No.  6562,  &c.  For  Wray  as  Judas 
see  No.  6492,  &c.  For  similar  allusions  to  the  Royal  George  cf.  Nos.  6042, 

6535- 
yfxiojin. 

6575  DOCTOR  BARNACLE  DRIVING  A  LOAD  OF  SPITTAL- 
FIELDS  WEAVERS  TO  POLL  FOR  WESTMINSTER. 

W,D.   [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Browtiy  Rathbone  Place,  May  6,  iy84. 

Engraving.  Hall,  a  Westminster  apothecary  who  was  a  prominent  sup- 
porter of  Fox,  walks  beside  the  asses  which  draw  (1.  to  r.)  a  cart  crowded 
with  disreputable  voters.  A  signpost  (r.)  is  formed  of  a  mask  (on  a  pole) 
of  the  heads  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  as  in  No.  6570. 
On  the  half-head  of  the  Duchess  is  a  Fox  favour  and  a  fox's  brush.  From 
each  corner  of  the  mouth  issues  a  label  terminating  in  a  pointing  hand : 
To  Spittalfields  (1.)  and  To  Covent  Garden  (r.).  Hall,  in  profile  to  the  r., 
walks  holding  a  whip  over  his  shoulder.  His  hat  is  decorated  by  a  fox's 
brush,  a  Fox  favour,  and  a  laurel  branch;  similar  branches  and  favours 
decorate  the  (human)  heads  of  the  two  asses  which  draw  the  cart,  harnessed 
tandem.   Hall  says: 

If  Carlo  falls — no  more  the  Graces  smile; 

Nor  Lords  with  gluttony  reward  my  toil; 

So  with  expedient  Fll  cheer  each  drooping  heart 

And  boldly  deliver  my  vote-pregnant  Cart. 

The  heads  of  the  asses  have  ass's  ears  and  are  decorated  with  foxes' 
brushes  and  laurel-branches.  The  leader  says,  The  Major  will  call  this 
reforming  Parliament  in  a  Summary  way  [Major  Cartwright,  see  No.  6474 
and  cf.  No.  6478].  Round  his  neck  hangs  from  a  ribbon  a  medal  on  which 
is  a  portcullis,  indicating  that  he  is  an  active  Westminster  Justice  of  the 
Peace  (see  No.  4850) ;  perhaps  a  Justice  Kelly  who  was  very  active  in  Fox's 
interest,  see  Westminster  Election,  p.  360.  See  also  No.  6593.  The  wheeler, 
with  a  broadly  grinning  face,  says.  Fox,  Fox,  Fox,  Fox,  Huzza  &c.  He 
resembles  Captain  Morris,  whose  songs  were  a  feature  of  the  election,  cf. 
Westminster  Election,  p.  277.  On  the  front  of  the  clumsy  two-wheeled  cart 
is  inscribed  H — ALL,  Covent  Garden,  Common  poll  Cart,  N°  6oy5.  On  it 
stands  a  pestle  and  mortar  inscribed  Man-midwife ;  in  it  is  a  laurel-branch. 
The  wheels  have  just  passed  a  rock  inscribed  Conscience,  and  are  about  to 
encounter  a  larger  one  inscribed  Scrutiny. 

The  small  cart  contains  ten  voters,  their  heads  and  shoulders  arranged 
in  a  pyramid.  The  man  who  forms  the  apex  holds  up  a  large  coin,  shouting, 
Fox  and  the  Constitution — Alehouse  for  ever  Huzza — huzza.  All  but  three 
are  hatless  or  wear  caps ;  of  those  distinguished  by  hats  (with  election  favours) 
two  say,  A  voting  we  will  go  we'll  go — we'll  go  &c.  and  Huzza,  huzza',  the 
third  holds  up  a  pair  of  crutches  from  one  of  which  hangs  a  flag  on  which 
is  a  shield  with  a  dice-box  and  dice,  a  weaver's  shuttle,  and  a  paper 
inscribed  y 0,000  I.  Beneath  are  the  words  Fox  and  the  Loom  holders  for 
ever. 

'Spitalfields  weavers'  at  this  time  stood  for  the  poorest  and  least  reputable 
of  London  artisans.  There  were  allegations  in  newspaper  paragraphs  that 

125 


I 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Spitalfields  weavers,  who  of  course  would  not  be  qualified  voters,  had  been 
brought  to  Westminster  to  vote  for  Fox,  e.g.:  'Yesterday  an  eminent 
weaver  gave  information  that  near  sixty  distressed  manufacturers  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Spitalfields  had  been  seduced  to  poll  for  M'"  Fox* 
— quoted,  Westminster  Election,  p.  243.  ^Spitalfields.  We  understand  in 
those  parts,  that  perjury  is  an  unexceptionable  qualification*,  ibid.,  p.  262. 
See  also  p.  277. 

For  the  Westminster  Scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c.    For  alleged  voters 
from  Spitalfields  see  Nos.   6557,  6583,  6593,  6627,   7366.    For  other 
pauper  voters  see  No.  6547,  &c. 
8jxi2f  in. 

6576  [SIR  CECIL  WRAY  IN  THE  PILLORY] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs^  May  7,  1784, 

Engraving.  No  title.  Two  men  stand  in  the  pillory  on  a  small  platform  (1.) ; 
over  their  heads  is  a  cask,  inscribed  Small  Beery  erected  on  a  pole.  Over 
the  head  of  one  1.  is  Judas ,  indicating  Sir  Cecil  Wray,  over  the  other  J  .  .k- 
s..n  indicating  John  Jackson,stewardof  the  Duke  of  Newcastle  and  a  promi- 
nent supporter  of  Wray,  see  No.  6492.  A  large  key  hangs  from  the  corner 
of  the  pillory,  the  emblem  of  the  back-stairs  by  which  Pitt  and  his  sup- 
porters were  supposed  to  have  obtained  office,  cf.  No.  6564.  Behind  (r.) 
walks  a  procession  of  maidservants  who  look  scornfully  at  the  victims ;  one 
carries  a  flag  inscribed  Tax  on  Maid  Servants ;  others,  a  broom,  a  mop,  and 
a  shovel.  Immediately  behind  the  platform  the  heads  of  a  crowd,  a  row  of 
staves  marking  the  constables  who  stand  in  front,  are  suggested.  Fox  (r.) 
stands  in  the  foreground  haranguing  the  crowd;  he  holds  a  Union  flag 
inscribed  The  Rights  of  the  Commons.  Behind  him  is  a  mob  of  men  waving 
their  hats,  among  whom  Sam  House  is  conspicuous.  The  scene  is  by  the 
hustings  in  Covent  Garden,  the  portico  of  the  church  (r.)  being  lightly 
sketched  behind  Fox. 

For  Wray's  defeat  see  No.  6562,  &c.  During  the  election  he  was  called 
'Judas  Iscariot',  'Knight  of  the  Back-Stairs',  'Sir  Chelsea  Tax-Girl*, 
'Knight  of  the  Key*,  and  'Lord  High  Keeper  of  the  Small  Beer  cellar*, 
&c.    See  Westminster  Election,  passim.    See  Nos.  6475,  6492,  &c. 

The  figure  of  Fox,  the  crowd,  and  the  procession  of  maidservants  are 
similar  to  those  in  No.  6586,  showing  that  one  must  have  been  copied  from 
the  other,  or  both  from  a  common  source. 

An  impression  with  the  imprint  Published  as  the  Act  directs  June  26*^ 
1783  by  H.  Humphreys  N°  51  New  Bond  Street  is  clearly  ante-dated. 
8-ixi2|-in. 

6577  THE  POLITICAL  SHAVER. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  May  10  1784  by  J,  Moore  iV'  ig  Hallon  [?  Hatton]  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  acts  as  barber  to  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire ;  he  applies  a  razor  to  her  cheek,  holding  her  chin.  She  is  seated 
on  a  settee  (1.)  covered  with  striped  material.  Sam  House  stands  (r.)  hold- 
ing a  barber's  bowl,  a  towel  under  his  arm. 

For  the  Duchess  and  Sam  cf.  No.  6487,  &c. 
8JX12J  in. 

126 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6578  THE  WESTMINSTER  MENDICANT. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pub^  iP^  [May]  1^84  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  22y  Strand 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  blind  beggar,  Sir 
Cecil  Wray,  is  led  (r.  to  1.)  by  his  dog,  round  whose  neck  hangs  a  Subscrip- 
tion Box.  He  supports  himself  by  a  long  staff;  in  his  1.  hand  is  the  dog's 
cord,  and  under  his  1.  arm  is  a  larger  box,  inscribed  Subscription  Scrutiny 
Box.  He  sings : 

Pity  the  Weaky  and  Needy  pray 

Oh  pity  me  J  Pve  lost  the  day. 

Behind  the  dog  is  a  placard  inscribed : 

See  here  the  Dogy  of  all  his  kindy 
The  fittest  for  a  Beggar  blindy 
The  Beast  can  bark  or  grunt  as  Hog. 
His  name  is  Churchill — Oh  the  Dog! 

John  Churchill  was  the  Chairman  of  the  Election  Committee  of  Hood 
and  Wray.  He  signed  the  advertisements  asking  for  subscriptions  for 
the  expenses  of  a  scrutiny  which  were  issued  on  5  May  (and  later),  the 
scrutiny  being  formally  demanded  on  the  declaration  of  the  poll  (17  May). 
See  Westminster  Electiony  pp.  114,  1 15-16. 

The  freely-sketched  pillars  of  a  portico  in  the  background  indicate 
Covent  Garden  Church,  where  polling  took  place. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Ye  Christians  y  Charitable y  good  and  Civil 
Pray  something  give  to  this  poor  wandering  Devil 
By  Men  cast  outy  perhaps y  by  God  forgiveny 
Then  may  one  Judas  find  a  road  to  Heaven. 

This  plate  illustrates  the  Westminster  Electiony  p.  196,  facing  a  squib 
dated  6  May,  which  may  have  inspired  it :  a  petition  from  Tim  Flanagan, 
Chairman,  to  John  Churchill,  Chairman,  asking  for  a  share  in  the  collection 
for  Hood  and  Wray,  on  account  of  his  poverty.  At  the  close  of  the  poll 
on  5  May  *a  wag  hoisted  2i poor's  boXy  upon  a  staff  bearing  this  inscription; 
Pray  remember  Sir  Cecil  Wray's  Scrutiny'.  Ibid.,  p.  353.  For  the 
Scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c.,  for  Wray's  defeat  No.  6562,  &c.  For  'Judas' 
see  No.  6492,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6500,  &c. 

Rowlandson's  pencil-drawing  for  this  print  is  in  the  Print  Room, 
together  with  the  suggestion  on  which  it  was  based.  This  is  a  mere  indica- 
tion of  the  positions  of  man  and  dog  and  the  pillars  of  the  portico,  giving 
the  inscriptions  in  full,  except  that  in  the  penultimate  line  a  blank  is  left 
which  has  been  filled  in  by  *God  for'  (201.  c.  6/1,  3). 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  137. 
6JX5i|in. 

6579  DEDICATED  TO  THE  NEWLY  CREATED  E L  OF  L NS- 

D LE 

plowlandson.]  May  iP^  1^84^ 

Engraving.  A  satirical  coat  of  arms  for  Sir  James  Lowther,  created  Earl  of 

Lonsdale  on  11  May  1784.   The  two  supporters  are  ragged  militiamen 

*  Probably  ante-dated  in  allusion  to  the  date  of  Lowther's  peerage. 

127 


\y 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

realistically  drawn,  one  (dexter)  being  without  shoes,  with  ragged  stock- 
ings, through  which  his  toes  protrude,  the  other  (sinister)  is  without 
breeches,  a  ragged  shirt  about  his  legs.  On  their  cross-belts  are  the  letters 
W.M.  [Westmorland  Militia].  On  the  shield  are  six  documents,  inscribed 
respectively.  False  Musters;  False  Certificates  for  Volunteer  Companies; 
False  Returns;  Retention  of  Cloathing;  Contract  for  Building  a  Man  of  War 
(above  a  ship  in  construction,  consisting  of  a  few  timbers  only^)  Can- 
celled and  Money  Returned;  Retention  of  Bounty.  Beneath  is  the  motto  Who. 
Doubts,  it?  Above  is  a  very  large  earl's  coronet. 

Lowther  was  Gustos  Rotulorum  and  Lieutenant  of  Cumberland  and  of 
Westmorland,  and  brigadier-general  of  the  Cumberland  and  Westmor- 
land militia;  he  is  here  accused  of  dishonestly  enriching  himself  at  the 
expense  of  the  County  Militia.  This  was  the  subject  of  a  petition,  rejected 
nem.  con.  by  the  House  of  Commons,  5  May  1783.  See  Letters  of  Lady 
Harriot  Elioty  1915,  pp.  79,  81.  See  also  No.  8156.  For  his  offer  to  equip 
a  man-of-war  at  his  own  expense  in  1782,  see  No.  6246  and  The  Rolliady 
Part  II,  No.  V.  For  his  character  and  reputation  see  D.N.B.  His  peerage 
was  a  reward  for  the  great  borough  interest  which  he  had  put  at  Pitt's 
disposal;  he  had  also  brought  Pitt  into  Parliament  for  Appleby  in  1781. 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii-  357-6°.   See  also  No.  6631,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson/i.  136. 
iiiixi3iin.  (pi.). 

6580  THE  GAMESTER  BES ^T,  OR,  A  NEW  WAY  TO  WIN 

MONEY. 

W.D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Brozvtiy  Rathhone  Place,  May,  13*^  1^84 

Engraving.  An  imaginary  scene  at  Brooks's.  Fox  stands  in  the  centre,  his 
waistcoat  pockets  hanging  out  empty,  liquid  dropping  from  the  knees  of 
his  breeches,  which  a  dog  is  licking.  A  man  stands  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r., 
holding  his  nose,  his  1.  hand  on  Fox's  shoulder;  he  says,  Charles,  Fll  lay 
$000  I.  You  have  beshit  your  Breeches.  Fox  answers.  Done,  for  /  have  not — 
Patrick  did  I  beshit  myself?  and,  in  another  label  (r.),  addressing  those  who 
stand  on  his  1.,  Done  I  take  you  all.  He  looks  towards  an  Irish  chairman  (1.) 
who  stands  hat  in  hand,  answering  No,  your  Honor,  you  gave  me  2  thirteens 
&  i  to  do  it  for  you — and  a  promise  to  keep  me,  if  I  shit  your  honor  good  luck. 
Lord  Derby  (r.)  grinning,  his  r.  hand  on  Fox's  shoulder,  says,  io,ooolyou 
have — this  is  a  safe  Bett.  Next  (r.)  stands  the  Prince  of  Wales,  laughing  and 
saying  Ha,  ha,  ha,  cunning  Ro — e  [rogue],  ha,  ah,  ha,  he  has  taken  us  all 
in — ha,  ha,  ha,  Paddy  shit  in  his  breeches,  ha,  ha,  ha,  I  shall  laugh  till  I  piddle 
myself.  He  wears  a  hat  with  three  ostrich  feathers.  The  last  two  figures, 
who,  like  the  Prince,  stand  in  profile  to  the  1.  and  wear  ribbons,  say,  looking 
at  Fox,  Horrid  stench!  5000!  and  Aye,  a  bonny  lad  he  smells  as  sweet  as  a 
Rose  in  June  Fll  lay  looool.  The  former  resembles  North,  the  other  is 
perhaps  Portland. 

In  the  foreground  the  floor  is  strewn  with  cards,  dice-boxes,  and  dice. 
The  background  is  a  wall  in  which  are  three  doors.  Over  the  centre  one 
is  the  head  of  a  man  or  demon  with  horns,  beneath  it  is  inscribed  Brookes 
dealer  in  Foreign  Spirits.  On  the  door  is  written  E.o.  &  faro.  Over  the  r. 
door  is  written  Billiards,  over  the  1.,  Chess;  over  the  former  is  a  framed 
picture  of  two  cocks  fighting,  over  the  latter,  a  picture  of  a  horse-race  is 
^  Also  an  earlier  impression  without  the  ship's  timbers. 
128 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

partly  visible.  The  lower  part  of  the  wall  is  panelled,  the  upper  part 
covered  with  a  wall-paper,  in  a  design  of  squares  and  circles. 

The  filthy  story  occurs  in  Theophilus  Swift's  Gamblers^  i777>  h  1-  55° 
and  n.;  see  No.  6279.  ^^^  ^-O.  see  No.  5928,  and  for  Faro,  No.  5972. 
Brooks's  'Foreign  Spirits'  may  connote  the  alleged  support  of  Fox  by  the 
French  Ambassador  (injunctions  to  his  tradesmen),  and  the  Due  de 
Chartres.  Westminster  Election^  pp.  243,  246,  248. 
8JXi3ftin. 

6581  JOHN  BULL  ENRAGED! 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  May  15  1784  by  E  Hedges  g2  Cornhill 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.),  as  a  butcher,  rides  a  large  and  ferocious  bull  which 
advances  towards  a  group  of  his  terrified  supporters  (r.).  He  wears  a 
striped  butcher's  coat  or  tunic,  a  cap  inscribed  Liberty ^  a  roUed-up  apron, 
oversleeves  to  the  elbow,  his  steel  hangs  from  the  back  of  his  waist  so  as 
to  prod  the  bull.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  small  flag  inscribed  Oratory^  with  the 
shaft  of  which  he  goads  the  bull.  He  says,  My  dear  Fellow  Butchers  assist 
me  or  I  shall  not  be  able  to  Keep  my  Seat.  The  men  he  addresses  are  fleeing 
from  the  bull,  except  for  North  (r.),  wearing  a  butcher's  apron  and  steel, 
who  faces  Fox,  his  arms  held  up  in  alarm,  saying.  Zounds  Charly  I  thought 
to  have  had  y^  pleasure  of  knocking  John  Bull  0'  the  Head,  but  now  am  in  fears 
for  my  own  Safety.  The  bull's  horn  is  inscribed  Prerogative ;  he  is  trampling 
on  a  yoke  inscribed  Yoke  of  Infatuation  and  a  wig  inscribed  Whigs.  Behind 
(1.),  two  serpents  raise  their  heads  from  a  leafy  bush  and  direct  barbed  darts 
against  the  bull;  they  are  Independant  Country  Gentlemen  (cf.  No.  6413). 

John  Bull,  enraged  by  the  demagogy  of  Fox,  and  with  the  help  of 
Prerogative,  tramples  the  Whigs  under  his  feet.    Many  of  the  addresses  to 
the  king,  see  No.  6438,  &c.,  had  thanked  him  for  using  his  prerogative 
to  dismiss  the  Coalition.  A  print  on  Pitt's  triumph  at  the  election. 
8JXi2|in. 

6582  THE  MIRROR. 
WG.    [?  Phillips.] 

Published  by  S  Fores  iV^  3  Piccadilly  May  ly  1784 

Engraving.  An  election  crowd  is  being  addressed  by  Fox  (1.)  from  the  hust- 
ings. The  lower  part  of  the  pillars  of  the  portico  and  the  door  of  St.  Paul's 
Church  are  behind  Fox ;  the  houses  of  the  NW.  corner  of  Covent  Garden 
Piazza,  with  spectators  looking  from  the  windows,  form  a  background  on 
the  r.  A  voter  with  Hood  Wray  in  his  hat  approaches  the  hustings.  Fox 
stands,  r.  fist  raised,  saying : 

Gentlemen  I  sincerely  do  wish  you  to  lead 
To  Greatness  to  Glory  to  Freedom — indeed 
Notwithstanding  this  Hubbub  &  this  Hurly-Burly 
Am  conscious  you  nee'r  to  your  Friends  will  be  Churly 
The  Victory  gained  &'  Treachery  overthrow 
Gratefully — in  what  eeW  you  Wish  I  am  your  own. 

He  is  surrounded  by  supporters,  one  of  whom  (1.)  holds  out  a  bottle  to 
two  men  who  advance  from  the  1.  as  if  to  vote.  Beneath  and  in  front  is  the 

129  K 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

crowd.  Among  the  more  conspicuous  figures  in  the  foreground  (1.  to  r.) 
are :  a  boy  astride  a  small  cask  which  is  labelled  Small-beer  S^  C  W  [Cecil 
Wray],  its  tap  is  padlocked  (see  No.  6492,  &c.) ;  he  wears  a  key,  shouting 
No  back  Stairs  (see  No.  6564,  &c.).  Behind  him  is  a  man  with  a  flag 
inscribed  Fox  &  the  Constitution.  A  tall  lank  man  leaning  on  a  crutch  is 
Corruption.  Next  him  a  man  sits  on  the  shaft  of  his  ginger-bread  barrow, 
saying,  Here* s your  Spice  Nuts.  The  barrow,  on  which  is  a  bottle  and  glass, 
is  inscribed  Fox  Gin  &  Gingerbread  for  ever.  A  small  dog  befouling  the 
ground  represents  Ease.  A  very  stout  man  is  shouting : 

May  your  Understanding  lax 
For  making  the  Receipt  Tax. 

He  is  Alderman  Calipash^  representing  the  clamour  raised  in  the  City 
against  the  Receipt  tax  proposed  by  the  Coalition  and  attacked  by  Wray, 
see  No.  6244,  ^^-  ^  "^^^  wearing  top-boots  and  a  riding-hat  is  labelled 
Politician ;  he  shakes  his  fist  at  Fox,  saying : 

Thou  Oliver  Caesar  Machiavilian 

In  that  deep  plot  the  Coalition  [see  No.  6380,  &c.]. 

A  poor  woman  holding  an  infant  labelled  Virtue  appears  to  be  address- 
ing the  back  of  the  'Politician' ;  she  says : 

As  Virtuous  I  am 
The  Vicious  I  damn. 

An  Indian  Tyrant  holding  a  tasselled  cane,  his  coat-pocket  labelled 
Extent,  is  saying : 

Had  he  passed  the  India  Bill 

I  could  no  more  my  Coffers  fill 

With  Rupees.   Or  in  Blood  have  glutted 

Oh!  I  should  like  the  Reformer  guted  [see  No.  6519]. 

Behind  him  a  man  holding  the  dark-lantern  which  indicates  Lord  Temple 
(cf.  No.  6417)  is  saying: 

The  hack  Stairs  I  say 

Is  the  forwardest  way  [see  No.  6564,  &c.]. 

A  scuffling  group  (r.)  appears  to  represent  an  honest  citizen  being 
attacked  by  a  bruiser.   Beneath  is  inscribed  Rights  of  the  People. 

A  large  house  at  the  NW.  corner  of  the  piazza  is  evidently  the  head- 
quarters of  one  of  the  candidates.  A  flight  of  steps  leads  to  a  balcony  or 
terrace  on  each  side  of  the  front  door;  people  look  from  the  windows  and 
from  the  balcony. 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

The  Mirror  of  Truth  is  here  held  up  to  view 
A  Candidate  Right  Honourable  &  true 
Who  always  has  been  the  Peoples  Protector 
A  stanch  friend  to  the  rights  of  every  Elector 
Yet  Envy  &  Avarice  has  made  a  great  rout 
Because  the  Shoe  pinches  they'r  heard  to  cry  out. 

The  poll  was  declared  on  17  May,  see  Appendix  I.  See  No.  6600,  a 
companion  print  by  the  same  artist. 

7i|Xiiiiin. 

130 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6583  THE  FORCE  OF  FRIENDSHIP, 

OR,    THE    ELECTION    MAN-TRAP    RETURNING    FROM 
SPITTALFIELDS  WITH  A  HANDFULL  OF  WEAVERS. 

W.D.   [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  hy  J,  Browriy  Rathhone  Place,  May  ly,  1784, 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (1.)  walks  (r.  to  I.)  holding  a 
number  of  small  puppet-like  men  who  hang  limply,  five  over  her  r. 
shoulder,  a  sixth  under  her  1.  arm.  A  signpost  (1.)  inscribed  Corruption 
points  To  Henrietta  Street  Covent  Garden.  She  says,  There  are  more  ways 
than  one  of  bringing  the  matter  to  a  point.  One  of  the  weavers  says,  She'll 
make  Plumpers  of  us.  She  wears  a  riding-habit  and  a  hat  ornamented  with 
the  usual  Fox  favour,  a  laurel  branch,  and  four  foxes'  brushes  inscribed 
respectively  Love  and  \  Liberty  \  Guy  \  Vaux.  A  poor  woman,  pregnant  (r.), 
an  infant  in  her  arms,  holding  a  little  ragged  boy  by  the  hand,  watches  the 
Duchess.  Behind  her  is  a  signpost  inscribed  Poverty  pointing  (r.)  to  Spittal 
fields ;  it  is  decorated  with  a  laurel  branch.  The  boy  says,  Mammy,  what 
is  the  fine  Lady  going  to  do  with  my  Daddy?  She  answers,  She's  taking  him 
to  the  Ladies  Committee  Room  to  examine  if  he's  properly  qualified  for 
Polling. 

One  of  many  coarse  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire, see  No.  6493,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  6588,  &c.  For  the  alleged  voters  from 
Spitalfields  see  No.  6575,  &c.   For  Fox  as  Guy  Vaux  see  No.  6389,  &c. 
8ixi2jin. 

6584  A  NEW  COALITION  MASK. 

Pub  May  ly.  1784  by  Edward  Shirlock  Drury  Lane 

Engraving.  An  imitation  of  Sayers's  famous  print,  see  No.  6234.  A  com- 
posite mask  formed  of  the  faces  of  Wilkes  and  George  III  divided  vertically 
by  a  line  down  the  centre.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Now  Jacky  &  Georgee  together  is  Joind, 
The  people  may  weep  for  it  is  a  verry  bad  Sign, 
For  Jacky^  determind  to  have  some  more  pelf. 
Let  who  will  Starve,  he  will  serve  himself 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  ending  of  the  feud  between  Wilkes  and  the 
king,  see  No.  6568,  &c. 
9jX7ftin. 

6585  N«  15.  PRECEPTOR  AND  PUPIL. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  May  18^^  1784  by  G.  Humphrey  N"  48  Long  Acre,  London. 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  sleeps  on  a  grassy  bank,  his  r.  elbow 
supported  on  a  bank  or  rock.  His  hat  with  three  ostrich  plumes  and  the 
motto  Ich  Dien  leaves  no  doubt  of  his  identity.  A  huge  toad  (r.)  climbs 
up  his  body  to  whisper  in  his  ear :  Abjure  thy  Country  and  thy  parents  And 
I  will  give  thee  dominion  over  Many  powers.  Better  to  rule  in  hell  than  Serve 
on  Earth.  His  fox's  brush  shows  that  the  'Preceptor'  is  Fox.  Trees  are 
indicated  behind  the  Prince  (1.).   Behind  Fox  are  water-weeds  (r.). 

131 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Not  Satan  to  the  Ear  of  Eve 

Did  e'er  such  pious  Counsel  give.  Milton. 

For  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  cf.  No.  6401,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Satan 
of.  No.  6383,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  140. 
8Jxi2l|in. 

6586  THE  WESTMINSTER  DESERTER  DRUM'D  OUT  OF  THE 
REGIMENT,  [18  May  1784^] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Sir  Cecil  Wray  (1.)  is  being  drummed  away  from  the  hustings ; 
Sam  House,  the  central  figure,  beats  a  drum,  looking  at  Wray.  On  the  r., 
ignoring  Wray,  stands  Fox  addressing  the  populace,  a  cheering  crowd 
behind  him;  he  holds  a  flag  on  which  is  the  figure  of  Britannia  seated, 
holding  the  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty,  and  the  words  Champion  of  the  People. 
He  says.  Friends  &  Fellow  Citizens  I  cannot  find  words  to  express  my  feelings 
to  you  upon  this  Victory.  Wray  walks  beside  a  procession  which  marches 
to  Sam  House's  drum.  It  is  headed  by  Chelsea  pensioners  with  wooden 
legs,  who  scowl  at  him ;  one  carries  a  crutch  over  his  shoulder.  They  have 
two  flags,  inscribed  respectively  May  all  public  Deserters  feel  public  Resent- 
ment (Wray  had  deserted  the  cause  of  Fox  who  nominated  him  for  West- 
minster in  1782,  see  No.  5998),  and  Chealsea  Hospital.  They  are  followed 
by  a  detachment  of  maidservants,  with  a  flag  inscribed  Tax  on  Maid 
Servants ;  they  carry  over  their  shoulders  a  broom,  a  brush,  a  mop,  a  shovel. 
A  crowd  cheers  frantically;  hats  are  waved  at  the  procession  and  at  Fox. 
Behind  Fox  is  part  of  the  portico  of  St.  Paul's,  Co  vent  Garden,  the  scene 
of  his  triumph  at  the  hustings,  see  No.  6590,  he. 

For  the  allegations  against  Wray  see  Nos.  6475,  6492,  &c. ;  for  his  defeat, 
No.  6562,  &c. 

The  figure  of  Fox,  the  crowd,  and  the  procession  of  maidservants  closely 
resemble  those  in  No.  6576 :  one  must  have  been  copied  from  the  other, 
or  from  a  common  source. 

Reissued,  Westminster  Election,  p.  209. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  1.  138-9  (reproduction).  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist, 
of  Parliamentary  Elections,  1892,  p.  284. 
9Xi3iin. 

6587  SECRET  INFLUENCE  DIRECTING  THE  NEW  P L ^T. 

[18  May  17842] 
[Rowlandson.] 

th 

Pu¥  by  W.  Humphrey  \sic\,  N°  22y,  Strand  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  king,  seated  on  a 
throne  on  a  dais  of  two  steps,  says,  /  tru^t  we  have  got  such  a  House  of 
Commons  as  we  Wanted.  On  his  r.  is  Thurlow  (1.)  with  the  body  of  a  bird 
of  prey;  he  is  saying  Damn  the  Commons,  the  Lords  shall  Rule.  Behind  the 
throne  crouches  Bute  in  Highland  dress,  saying  to  Thurlow,  Very  Gude, 
Very  Gude  Damn  the  Commons.  On  the  king's  1.  is  a  head  in  profile  to  the 

*  So  dated  by  Grego.  ^  So  dated  by  Mr.  Hawkins  and  Grego. 

132 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

1.  supported  on  an  erect  serpent's  body;  probably  intended  for  Pitt  (a  poor 
portrait  but  resembling  Pitt  in  No.  6664). 

In  the  foreground  (r.)  sits  Britannia  asleep,  resting  her  elbow  on  her 
shield.  A  man  wearing  a  ribbon,  perhaps  the  Prince  of  Wales,  rushes  up 
from  the  r.  with  outstretched  arms,  saying.  Thieves!  Thieves!  Zounds  awake 
Madam  or  you'll  have  your  Throat  Cut. 

The  new  Parliament  met  on  18  May.  An  interesting  indication  of  the 
persistence  of  the  legend  of  Bute's  secret  influence,  cf.  No.  6005.  See  No. 
6417,  &c.,  and  No.  6603.   For  Thurlow's  language  cf.  No.  7320. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  140. 
8Jxi3in. 


6588  CARLO  KHAN'S  TRIUMPHAL  ENTRY  INTO  ST  STEPHEN'S 
CHAPEL  [After  17  May] 

S  C  Fee'  [Collings.] 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  the  House  of  Commons.  The  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  carries  Fox  on  her  shoulders;  she  looks  round  at  the  'rabble' 
who  follow  her,  headed  by  a  little  chimney-sweep,  using  his  brush  and 
shovel  to  beat  a  tune.  She  says.  When  I  take  a  thing  in  hand  I  always 
succeed.  Her  hair  is  decorated  with  a  fox's  brush.  Fox  in  his  orator's  atti- 
tude, r.  fist  clenched  and  held  out,  hat  held  out  in  his  1.  hand,  says,  /  could 
never  have  got  in  without  your  Grace's  assistance.  Behind  the  chimney- 
sweep is  (?)  Sam  House  in  a  shirt  and  breeches  which  are  unfastened  at  the 
knee ;  he  holds  up  on  a  pole  a  chemise  or  shift  inscribed  All  sorts  of  Shifts 
made  by  C.  J.  FoXy  saying.  This  is  the  Devonshire  method  of  introducing 
Members — Carlo  for  ever.  Behind  is  a  man  with  a  lighted  torch  or  link, 
saying.  Sir  Cecil  has  got  the  Devonshire  Cholic.  A  band  of  butchers  play  on 
marrow-bones  and  cleavers;  one  of  them  says.  She  is  a  devilish  fine  Carcass 
—fine  Meat!  On  a  pole  is  the  cap  of  Liberty  together  with  a  fox's  brush 
and  a  petticoat.  In  the  background  (r.)  the  Speaker,  in  his  chair  behind 
the  table  with  the  mace,  &c.,  and  clerks  are  freely  sketched:  a  sea  of  heads 
behind  indicates  the  members. 

The  effectiveness  of  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess,  see  No.  6493,  &c., 
is  indicated  by  the  grossness  of  the  squibs  and  prints  relating  to  it,  which 
aimed  at  stopping  her  activities.  Cf.  Walpole,  Letters,  xiii.  142.  The 
Duchess  'certainly  procured  the  greatest  part  of  M^  Fox's  votes  for  him: 
though  the  Court  party  endeavoured  to  deter  her  by  the  most  illiberal  and 
indecent  abuse  .  .  .',  cf.  No.  6565,  &c.  See  also  Nos.  6493,  6573,  6589, 
6591,  6594,  6597,  6599,  6601,  6983;  cf.  the  flag  'Sacred  to  Female 
Patriotism'  (Nos.  6590,  6600). 

7ftX9iiin. 

6589  WESTMINSTER  RACES. 
IC.  [1.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  ig.  May  1784.  by  WH  N''  227  Strand. 

Engraving.  The  three  candidates  for  Westminster  end  their  race:  Hood 
(1.)  on  a  galloping  horse,  saying.  Worthy  S*  Cecil  Vm  sorry  for  YoUy  but 
don't  be  discouraged,  a  Scrutiny  shall  do  your  Business  at  any  Rate.  Not  a 

133 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

length  behind  gallops  Fox,  holding  up  his  hat  and  looking  round  with  a 
triumphant  smile  at  Wray.   Over  his  head  are  the  words : 

"It  is  not  in  the  force  of  mortal  Arm^  Scarsely  in  Fate''\ 
"to  bind  the  struggling  souly  that  galVd  by  wanton  power'* 
"indignant  swells  against  Oppression.** 

Wray  (r.)  is  mounted  on  a  braying  ass,  which  kicks,  its  fore-feet  firmly 
planted;  he  has  dropped  the  reins,  and  lost  his  stirrups;  his  hands  are 
folded  and  he  is  looking  down  with  a  melancholy  expression,  saying :  Give 
me  a  helping  hand,  my  Lord,  or  Pm  undone.  In  front  of  his  ass's  head  is  a 
signpost  inscribed  Distance  Post.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

A  Political  Heat,  run  in  Covent  Garden,  between  Old  Veteran  a  famous 

Horse  the  Property  of  his  M y,  Dutchess  a  Filly,  the  Property  of  the 

Duke  ofD e,  and  Judas  an  Obstinate  Ass,  who  was  clearly  distanced. 

Fox's  success  is  attributed  to  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  as  in  No. 
6588,  Stc.  For  Wray  as  Judas,  see  No.  6492,  &c.  For  his  defeat  see 
No.  6562,  &c.  For  the  scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c.   See  also  Appendix  I. 

7Xi3iin. 

6590  THE  DISAPPOINTED  CANDIDATE  SOLUS!! 

Pub^  as  the  Act  directs  May  20  1784  by  W  Humphrey  N^  227  Strand 

Engraving.  Sir  Cecil  Wray  in  the  foreground,  standing  on  the  edge  of  a 
circular  platform,  looks  down  over  his  1.  shoulder  at  the  procession  which 
is  chairing  Fox  round  Covent  Garden.  He  holds  his  r.  hand  to  his  mouth, 
in  his  1.  he  clutches  a  paper,  Instruction  to  make  A  Speech.  The  heads  and 
shoulders  of  the  procession  appear  over  the  edge  of  the  platform :  in  front 
(1.)  are  men  on  horse-back,  some  playing  musical  instruments,  their  hats 
decorated  with  favours  and  leaves.  (They  appear  to  represent  the  'squad- 
ron of  gentlemen  on  horseback  in  the  blue  and  buff  uniform',  who  were 
followed  by  trumpeters.  London  Chronicle,  18  May.)  Their  flag  is  inscribed 
The  Whig  Cause.  Next  come  men  on  foot  immediately  in  front  of  Fox, 
with  a  flag  inscribed  Man  of  the  People.  Fox,  smiling,  is  seated  above  the 
heads  of  his  supporters,  his  chair  wreathed  with  laurel  branches.  The 
striped  jacket  of  one  of  his  bearers  shows  that  he  is  a  butcher;  next  comes 
Sam  House.  Behind  walk  men,  some  wearing  their  hats,  which  are  decor- 
ated with  favours  and  foxes'  brushes.  Their  flag  is  inscribed  Sacred  to 
Female  Patriotism. 

Behind  (r.)  is  the  facade  of  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden,  the  pediment 
inscribed  House  of  Call  for  Candidates.  The  windows  of  the  houses  on  the 
south  of  the  Piazza  (1.)  are  crowded  with  spectators;  others  stand  on  the 
roofs  waving  their  hats. 

Beneath  the  title  are  the  words  spoken  by  Wray :  /  am  Bit  D n  the 

Fox,  the  D ss,  Chelsea  Hospital,  Maid  Servants,  Small  Beer,  the  back 

Stairs  &  all  together,  to  be  Sure  Pm  no  Speaker  Ive  no  Head  I  shall  not 

be  brought  in  but  the  Scrutiny  His  M y  will  have  that  and  that  Bald 

Pated  Son  of  a  B h  Sam  H se  [House]  not  content  with  giving  my 

Opponent  [sic]  Plumpers  Threatned  to  give  me  A  Plumper  in  each  Eye  if  I 
did  not  Cock  my  Hat  fother  Way. 

The  actual  procession  on  17  May,  much  more  extensive  than  is  shown 
here,  carried  the  flags  depicted,  with  others:  'The  Rights  of  the  Commons' 
and  'Independence!',  and  was  followed  by  the  state  carriages  of  the 
Duchesses  of  Devonshire  and  Portland  drawn  by  six  horses,  and  each 

134 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

attended  by  six  running  footmen.  See  newspapers.  For  the  allusions  in 
Wray's  speech  see  Nos.  6475,  6492,  6564,  6592,  &c. ;  for  his  defeat  No. 
6562,  &c. ;  for  the  scrutiny,  No.  6553,  &c.  For  the  influence  of  the  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  see  No.  6588,  &c.  For  the  procession  on  17  May  see  Nos. 
6593,  6600,  p.  140. 

9i-iX9^in- 

6591  FOR  THE  BENIFIT  OF  THE  CHAMPION,     [20  May  1784^] 

A  Catch  to  be  Performed  at  the  New  Theatre  Covent  Garden for 

Admission  Apply  to  the  D ss. 

N.B.  Gratis  to  those  who  wear  large  Tails. 

Etch'd  by  T.  Rowlandson  Pu¥  and  sold  by  W""  Humphrey 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  with  two  other  catch-singers.  Fox  and  North,  who  are  dressed 
as  fat  old  market-women.  The  Duchess  (1.)  elegantly  dressed,  but  with 
her  breast  uncovered  and  wearing  her  election  hat  with  Fox  favours, 
feathers,  and  fox's  brush,  puts  her  1.  hand  on  Fox's  shoulder,  pointing  to 
a  tomb-stone  beside  her  (1.)  inscribed,  beneath  its  skull  and  cross-bones, 
Here  lies  poor  C — C — L  — RA  Y,  She  sings :  Look  neighbours  look  here  lyes 

Poor  C ray  [Cecil  Wray].   Fox,  his  1.  hand  grasping  a  crutch-headed 

stick,  turning  to  North,  sings  Dead  &  turned  to  Clay,    North  (r.),  also 

with  a  stick,  sings  What  Old  C /.    Through  the  wings  peers  the 

anxious-looking,  spectacled  profile  of  Burke  (r.).  Three  framed  pictures 
decorate  the  wall  behind  the  performers:  The  fox  who  had  lost  his  Tail  (cf. 
No.  6530),  a  tail-less  fox  looking  at  four  others  who  are  discussing  the 
situation.  This  is  flanked  by  two  oval  pictures.  Fox  and  Crow  (1.),  the  fox 
looking  up  longingly  at  the  crow  on  a  branch,  and  Fox  and  Grapes  (r.),  a 
fox  on  its  hind-legs  below  a  vine-branch,  cf.  No.  5962. 

For  Wray's  defeat  see  No.  6562,  &c.   Cf.  also  No.  6588. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  142  (reproduction). 

811X13  J  in. 

6592  FOX  VICTORIOUS  OR  TREACHERY  OVERTHROWN 
WG  [?  Phillips.] 

Piccadilly  May  21 1^84?- 

Engraving.  A  monster  representing  Sir  Cecil  Wray,  or  Treachery,  lies  on 
his  back  beside  a  pond,  one  elbow  in  the  water.  He  has  a  frog's  mouth, 
a  naked  hairy  body  with  a  rat's  tail,  and  wears  the  pecuHar-shaped  hat 
worn  by  Wray ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  dark  lantern,  emblem  of  conspiracy,  in 
his  r.  a  large  key,  emblem  of  the  back  stairs,  cf.  No.  6564,  &c.  A  fox, 
carrying  off  a  goose,  stands  over  Wray,  urinating  upon  him  savagely,  and 
saying : 

May  you  never  ^  never  rise! 

By  treachery  to  gain  the  prize 

Thus  I  treat  you  with  contempt 

Until  passed  actions  you  repent. 

'  So  dated  by  Grego.     ^  The  publisher's  name  appears  to  have  been  erased. 

135 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

^     ^  '         As  I  was  trusted  with  the  Key 

I  meant  to  pick  their  bones  quite  free 
But  Fox  the  keenest  of  his  race 
Has  thus  o'er  turn' d  me  with  disgrace. 

A  gosling  lies  on  its  back  beside  Wray.  The  goose  and  gosling  appear 
to  represent  the  Westminster  electors  (cf.  No.  5843,  &c.)  whose  bones 
Wray  had  expected  to  pick.  In  the  distance  (1.)  is  a  small  cottage,  on  the 
roof  of  which  a  cock  stands  crowing. 

For  Wray's  defeat  see  No.  6562,  &c. 
5ix8iin. 

6593  THE  FOX  AND  GEESE  TRIUMPHANT 
W.D.  [Dent.] 

Puhlishedy  as  the  Act  directSy  by  J,  Brown,  Rathbone  PlacCy  May  21^^ 

1784 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  chairing  of  Fox  on  the  declaration  of  the  poll 
for  Westminster.  Fox,  with  a  fox's  body,  sits  astride  a  goose  with  the  head 
of  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  he  grins  with  satisfaction ;  on  his  erect  brush  is 
inscribed  At  your  Grace's  service.  Behind  him  (r.)  holding  hands,  come 
the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  Sam  House;  they  dance  along,  the 
Duchess  with  her  r.  hand  on  her  hip,  Sam  with  his  1.  She  wears  a  riding- 
habit  ;  in  her  large  hat  are  a  Fox  favour  and  a  branch  of  laurel  with  four 
fox  tails,  inscribed  respectively.  Love  and  \  Liberty  \  Guy  \  Vaux.  Sam's 
hat,  like  those  of  the  four  other  men  in  the  procession,  is  decorated  with 
a  Fox  favour,  a  fox's  brush  inscribed  Fox^  and  a  laurel  branch.  The  hat 
of  the  goose  with  the  head  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  has  a  Fox  favour,  three 
ostrich  plumes  with  the  motto  Ich  dien,  and  a  laurel  branch.  In  front  of 
the  goose  is  a  procession  of  four  men:  the  foremost  (1.)  holds  a  wand  of 
office  and  a  paper  inscribed  with  the  (correct)  result  of  the  poll :  Charly 
Boy  6234  Hood  66g4  Wray  5gg8.  Round  his  neck  is  a  medalHon  on  which 
is  a  portculUs,  and  (in  reverse)  Key  herald^  suggesting  that  he  is  a  West- 
minster Justice  and  had  carried  the  large  key,  emblem  of  the  'Back  Stairs' 
which  was  a  feature  of  Fox's  election  processions,  see  No.  6564.  He  is 
perhaps  Justice  Kelly,  see  No.  6575 ;  he  has  a  concave  and  repulsive  profile. 
Next  come  the  drum  and  fife  of  the  procession,  both  wearing  high  caps 
like  those  of  the  Grenadiers.  The  man  with  the  drum  is  the  apothecary, 
Hall,  wearing  spectacles ;  his  drum  is  his  mortar,  inscribed  All  Apothecary. 
On  the  front  of  his  cap  is  a  fox  on  its  hind  legs,  and  ALL  Blue  and  Buff 
dependants.  Lord  John  Cavendish,  playing  the  fife,  is  very  short,  his  head 
on  a  level  with  Hall's  elbow;  on  his  cap  is  a  fox  on  its  hind  legs  and  Uncle 
Jacky.  Immediately  in  front  of  the  goose  walks  the  Earl  of  Surrey  holding 
a  banner  on  which  are  the  words  Success  to  FoXy  Freedom^  Weavers, 
Butchers  and  Irish  chairmen,  and  a  burlesque  coat  of  arms  for  Westminster: 
a  portculHs  on  a  shield,  with  two  geese  (cf.  No.  5843,  &c.)  as  supporters; 
the  motto  is  A  pliant  Conscience.  The  crest  is  a  fox's  head  (dexter)  and  a 
goose's  head  (sinister). 

The  allegations  and  insinuations  in  this  print  repeat  those  of  similar 
prints  by  Dent  on  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6575,  &c.  'Irish 
chairmen'  is  an  allusion  to  the  death  of  Nicholas  Casson,  a  constable,  in 
Covent  Garden,  in  a  contest  with  a  Foxite  body  of  Irish  chairmen  and 

136 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

butchers  who  were  marching  with  marrow-bones  and  cleavers  on  10  May. 
Westminster  Election^  pp.  116  ff.  and  379  ff.  (cf.  No.  6512).   For  the  pro- 
cession see  No.  6590,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  6524;  for  Fox  and  the  Prince,  cf. 
No.  6401,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Guy  Vaux  cf.  No.  6389,  &c. 
Six  12/5  in. 

6594  vox  POPULi,  vox  del 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  23^  May  1784  by  W  Humphrey  iV^  227  Strand. 

Engraving.  Fox  stands,  full-face,  smiling ;  he  holds  a  stout  staff  of  liberty 
surmounted  by  a  Phrygian  cap.  His  1.  hand,  holding  a  laurel  branch,  rests 
on  his  hip.  On  his  1.  stands  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.),  turning  her 
head  in  profile  to  the  r.  and  holding  out  on  her  1.  arm  a  Shield  of  Virtuey 
against  the  arrows  of  Malice  and  Envy ;  other  arrows  fall  to  the  ground, 
broken  by  their  impact  with  the  shield,  inscribed  Woman  Hater  and  Morn- 
ing Post.  In  her  hat  are  the  usual  fox's  brush  and  ostrich  plumes.  A  star- 
shaped  halo  is  lightly  sketched  behind  her  head.  Sir  Cecil  Wray  (1.)  walks 
off  in  profile  to  the  1.,  bending  beneath  a  heavy  burden  and  supported  on 
his  stick.   The  burden  consists  of  three  bundles.  Deceit,  Ingratitude,  and 

Per\ju\ry,  attached  to  his  shoulders  by  a  band  inscribed  Cecil  W y. 

Black  clouds  above  his  head  emit  forked  lightning.  Over  his  head  are  the 
words  /  acknowledge  my  Transgressions,  and  my  Sins  are  ever  before  me. 
Over  Fox's  head  flies  a  cherub  holding  out  a  laurel  wreath;  he  blows  a 
trumpet  directed  towards  the  Duchess,  from  which  issues  the  word 
Victory.  After  the  title  is  etched  Dedicated  to  the  Ladies  who  so  con- 
spicuously exerted  themselves  in  the  Cause  of  Freedom. 

The  Morning  Post  was  conspicuous  for  its  scurrilous  paragraphs  against 
Fox  and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire.  Westminster  Election,  pp.  218,  219  n., 
224  n.,  228  n.,  325,  352,  and  Nos.  6597,  6616.  Fox's  victory  is  attributed 
to  the  Duchess,  see  No.  6588,  &c.  For  Wray's  ingratitude  see  No.  6492, 
&c. ;  for  his  defeat  No.  6562,  &c. 
8ixi3iin. 

6595  THE  MATTER  REVERSED,  OR  ONE  GOOD  TURN  DE- 
SERVES ANOTHER. 

Pu¥  May  24  by  J  Notice  Oxford  Road 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  sits  astride  a  galloping  fox,  her 
face  to  its  tail.  A  signpost  by  the  fox's  head  points  (1.)  To  Cuckolds  Hall; 
on  the  top  of  the  post  is  a  pair  of  horns.  The  Duchess  wears  a  hat  trimmed 
with  ostrich  feathers  and  with  a  ribbon  inscribed  Fox. 

One  of  many  similar  allegations  against  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  see 
Nos.  6493,  6588,  &c. 

Reissued  24  May  1787. 
Si^gXiOi^gin. 

6596  RIDE  FOR  RIDE  OR  SECRET  INFLUENCE  REWARDED. 
Pub  May  25  1^84  by  J.  Shirlock  Drury  Lane 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (r.)  walks  (1.  to  r.)  carrying  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire  seated  on  his  shoulders,  her  legs  much  exposed, 

137 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

one  with  a  garter  inscribed  Fox  (reversed).  He  says  Pray  support  me  till 
you  are  quite  spent.  She  holds  in  both  hands  Fox's  queue,  saying,  ///  hold 
fast  by  your  tail  &  am  sure  we  cannot  fail.  Behind  is  a  high  brick  wall  in 
which  is  an  open  door  (r.).  In  the  background,  in  front  of  the  wall,  three 
canvassing  ladies  (1.),  on  a  small  scale,  ride  their  respective  candidates.  The 
first  is  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  riding  a  fox ;  the  other  two  ride  animals 
with  human  heads;  in  front  is  (probably)  Lady  Salisbury,  with  a  melan- 
choly expression,  riding  Hood,  and  last  the  fat  Mrs.  Hobart  on  Sir  Cecil 
Wray.  These  three  say  respectively  (the  words  written  in  reversed  looking- 
glass  characters):  Fojt; /or  ever\  Hood  for  ever\  and  One  Ray  of  hope  is  left. 

The  poll  was  declared  on  17  May,  see  Appendix  I,  so  that  the  print  was 
out  of  date  when  published.  One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  other  ladies,  cf.  Nos.  6493,  6588,  &c.  Accord- 
ing to  a  newspaper  paragraph  Lady  Salisbury  'is  the  only  woman  of  rank 
who  has  interfered  on  the  Ministerial  side.  .  .  .  But  her  proceedings  have 
been  marked  with  such  delicacy  and  dignity^  as  to  shame  the  mobbing 
conduct  of  her  rivals*.  Westminster  Election^  p.  259.  For  Mrs.  Hobart  see 
No.  6526,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  der  Karikatur,  1906,  p.  450. 

8i|xi2jin. 

6597  THE  APOTHEOSIS  OF  THE  DUTCHESS. 
Veritas  fedt 

Pub  25  May  1784  by  W  Humphrey ,  N  22y  Strand. 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  supported  by  Truth  and  Virtue, 
tramples  on  Scandal.  She  stands  full-face,  one  foot  on  a  cloud,  the  other 
on  the  prostrate  body  of  an  almost  nude  man  inscribed  Scandal^  who  lies 
face  downwards,  one  hand  resting  on  the  Morning  Post,  the  other  holding 
serpents.  She  wears  feathers  in  her  hair,  a  scarf  over  her  shoulders,  and 
a  very  wide  hooped  petticoat.  Her  r.  wrist  is  held  by  a  draped  female 
figure  (1.)  inscribed  Truths  who  holds  up  her  mirror  in  her  1.  hand.  A 
similar  figure  inscribed  Virtue  holds  her  1.  wrist ;  both  stand  upon  clouds. 

For  the  Morning  Posty  see  No.  6594,  &c.   See  also  No.  6588,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  xxxi. 

8^Xi2|in. 

6598  THE  POLITICAL  GAME  COCKS. 

Pub  May  25  1^84  by  W.  Humphrey ,  N°  22y,  Strand. 

Engraving.  Two  fighting-cocks  with  the  heads  of  Fox  (1.)  and  Pitt  (r.)  on 
the  floor  of  the  House  of  Commons.  The  steel  spur  on  Fox's  leg  is  inscribed 
Coalition^  on  that  of  Pitt,  Prerogative.  Between  them  stands  a  full  money- 
bag or  small  sack,  inscribed  The  Purse  of  the  Nation.  In  the  centre,  behind 
the  heads  of  the  two  cocks,  is  the  Speaker  (Cornwall)  in  his  chair ;  seated 
members  form  a  background,  symmetrically  arranged,  r.  and  1.,  a  sea  of 
heads  being  indicated  by  freely-drawn  circles. 

The  print  suggests  an  equality  between  the  combatants  very  far  from 
fact,  although  the  heads  behind  Pitt  appear  to  be  more  numerous  than 
those  behind  Fox.    For  'Pitt  and  Prerogative'  cf.  No.  6442.    For  the 

138 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Coalition  see  Nos.  6176-9,  6399,  &c.  For  Pitt  and  Fox  as  fighting-cocks 
see  No.  6461. 

8xi2i  in. 

6599  LIBERTY  AND  FAME  INTRODUCING  FEMALE  PATRIO- 
TISM  TO    BRITANIA  [25  May  1784^] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Used  as  a  frontispiece  to  second  edition 
(1785)  of  The  Westminster  Election  and  probably  designed  for  it.  Britannia 
seated  on  a  throne  (r.)  raised  on  three  steps  holds  out  a  laurel  v^rreath 
towards  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  who  is  led  towards  her  by  the  draped 
figures  of  Liberty  (1.)  holding  the  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty,  and  Fame  (r.) 
with  her  trumpet.  The  British  lion  lies  at  Britannia's  feet  (r.)  looking  over 
its  shoulder  at  the  Duchess.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

**She  smiles — 
Infused  with  a  Fortitude  from  Heaven"!   Vide  Shakespears  Tempest, 

See  also  No.  6588,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  141-2.  Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary 
Elections,  1892,  p.  285. 
6x8Jin. 

6600  THE  MAY  GARLAND  OR  TRIUMPH  WITHOUT  VICTORY 
WG  [?  Phillips.] 

Published  by  S  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly  May  26  1784 

Engraving.  A  burlesqued  representation  of  the  chairing  of  Fox  on  the 
declaration  of  the  Westminster  poll  on  17  May.  The  scene  is  one  side  of 
the  Piazza,  Covent  Garden,  with  one  of  the  streets  leading  into  it,  both 
densely  crowded.  In  front  (r.)  is  a  woman  ( }  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire) 
riding  an  ass  and  waving  a  fox's  brush.  A  man  in  the  crowd  beside  her 
waves  his  cap,  shouting  Petticoat  Forever.  Next  her  marches  a  man  holding 
a  wand  of  office ;  then  comes  a  man  carrying  a  coffin  on  his  shoulders  on 
which  is  a  skull  and  Memento  Memori  1784.  He  is  followed  by  a  man 
holding  a  bludgeon,  who  looks  round  at  Sam  House.  Sam,  with  a  satisfied 
grin,  holds  a  wand  of  office ;  he  walks  in  front  of  a  band  of  butchers  with 
marrow-bones  and  cleavers;  they  have  a  flag  with  a  marrow-bone  and 
cleaver  and  the  words  Marrow  bones  &  Cleavers  Constitutional  Supporters. 
They  are  followed  by  a  man  holding  up  a  branch  inscribed  Tree  of  Good 
&  Evil.  Next  are  men  playing  musical  instruments,  a  horn,  trumpet,  &c. 
Behind  them  the  crowd  becomes  even  denser  as  it  surrounds  Fox's  trium- 
phal chair:  Fox  is  a  grotesque  non-human  object  with  pointed  ears,  seated 
in  a  chair  decorated  by  a  thicket  of  branches  in  which  is  stuck  a  flag  with 
the  words  Sacred  to  Female  Patriotism  and  two  hearts. 

Near  the  front  of  the  procession  is  a  body  of  men  on  horseback  with  a 
flag  inscribed  Perdition  to  Scrutiny's  &  High  Bailiffs.  In  the  crowd  couples 
are  embracing.  The  windows  of  the  houses  are  crowded  with  spectators, 
and  the  whole  scene,  which  is  grotesquely  drawn,  has  the  appearance  of 
a  saturnalia. 

'  So  dated  by  Grego. 
139 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Below  the  design  is  etched : 

See  the  Godlike  Youth  advance 
Sports  prepare  and  lead  the  dance 
Fetes  prepare  and  laurels  bring 
Songs  of  triumph  to  him  sing. 

Similar  in  manner  and  design  to  No.  6582,  but  contrasting  with  it  in 
political  intention.   For  Fox's  chairing  on  17  May  see  No.  6590,  &c.  The 
coffin  is  probably  that  of  Casson,  the  constable,  see  No.  6593. 
7iiXi2/ein. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

JOVE  IN  HIS  CHAIR  [May  1784] 

Lockington    Savile 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  swarthy  and  saturnine  and  of 
Jewish  appearance,  sits  in  a  chair  surrounded  with  greenery  as  if  in  an 
arbour. 

Fox  was  chaired  in  a  chair  decked  with  laurel  branches,  'laurels  green 
of  Covent  Garden*,  see  No.  6590,  &c. 
6|X3|in. 

6601  THE  MODERN  COLOSSUS 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  May  28^^  iy84  by  F  Clarkson  y3  S*  Pauls 
Church  Yard 

Engraving.  The  gigantic  figure  of  Fox  strides  across  an  ocean,  the  r.  foot 
planted  on  land  inscribed  East  Indias,  the  1.  on  land  inscribed  Loyalty. 
He  stands  full-face,  in  his  clenched  r.  fist  he  holds  out  a  sheaf  of  thunder- 
bolts inscribed  Defiance,  his  1.  hand  rests  on  his  hip.  He  wears  a  crown 
composed  of  playing-cards,  the  three  principal  cards  being  the  ace  of  clubs, 
the  knave  of  clubs,  and  the  ace  of  diamonds.  On  the  crown  are  also  the 
letters  v  and  p. 

On  the  ground  at  his  feet  minute  figures  are  variously  engaged :  on  the 
1.  (in  the  'East  Indias')  a  circle  of  orientals  prostrate  themselves  before  a 
sun  with  a  face  on  it  inscribed  Pitt  which  rises  above  a  mountainous 
horizon  inscribed  Mountains  of  the  East;  round  the  sun  are  the  words 
Rising  under  y,  followed  by  a  crown. 

On  the  opposite  side  is  a  scene  in  front  of  the  hustings  in  Covent  Garden. 
The  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  looking  up  at  Fox,  holds  a  number  of  threads 
attached  to  the  noses  of  a  crowd  of  electors,  one  of  whom  holds  a 
flag  inscribed  Indep^  Electors;  a  hat  with  a  fox's  brush  is  hoisted  on  its 
staff.  The  Duchess  holds  in  her  r.  hand  a  flag  inscribed  Woman  of  the 
People.  Behind  her  a  butcher  (inscribed  Butcher)  advances  threateningly 
with  a  knife  or  club. 

Beneath  the  design  is  inscribed.  The  Materials  that  form'd  this  Image 
came  from  Holland  &  by  A  number  of  loose  principled  people  was  Sett  up  & 
Worshiped  in  A  most  Idolatrous  manner  this  attracted  that  part  of  the  people 
calld  the  Mob  [as  much  as  a  preceding  Image  known  by  its  bad  shape  & 
squinting  Phiz]  Untill  the  Northern  Apostacyl!  when  many  returned  to  their 
Establishd  Worship  &  it's  thought  like  other  Objects  its  popularity  will  soon 
sink  into  Oblivion  as  its  foundation  is  extremly  Precarious  and  Tottering, 

140 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

This  satirical  account  of  Fox  refers  to  his  unpopular  father,  Lord 
Holland,  the  'public  defaulter  of  unaccounted  millions',  cf.  Nos.  4299, 
4842,  &c.,  and  compares  his  popularity,  until  the  Coalition  with  North, 
with  that  of  Wilkes.  For  his  India  Bill  see  No.  6271,  &c.  His  election  is 
attributed  to  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  see  No.  6588, 
&c.  For  the  popularity  of  the  king's  intervention  cf.  No.  6405,  &c. 
13^X9!  in. 

6602  THE  PETITIONING  CANDIDATE  FOR  WESTMINSTER. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  May  28^^  1784  by  T,  Comeille  Bruton  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox,  with  a  fox's  head 
and  brush  and  dressed  in  tartan  kilt  and  plaid,  gallops  (r.  to  1.)  on  a  shaggy 
pony  along  the  road  from  Kirkwall  to  London.  He  waves  his  cap,  saying. 
From  the  Heath  covered  Mountains  of  Scotia  I  come.  The  background  is  a 
mountainous  landscape  with  a  lake  on  which  is  a  boat.  A  signpost  (1.) 
points  (r.)  To  Kirkwall  and  (1.)  To  London. 

Fox  had  been  returned  for  the  Orkney  boroughs  in  case  he  should  be 
defeated  for  Westminster,  see  No.  6614,  &c.  He  sat  for  them  pending  the 
result  of  the  scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c. 

A  pencil-sketch  for  this  is  in  the  Print  Room  (201.  c.  6/44  b). 

A  note  on  the  print  attributes  the  design  to  Lord  James  Manners. 
Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  143. 
8lixi2i|in. 

6603  THE  FIRST  LEVEE  OF  THE  NEW  P R ^T.  [PARLIA- 
MENT.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  May  2g.  1^84  by  T  Hardy  Strand 

Engraving.  Pitt  stands  in  front  of  the  throne  to  which  he  points  with  a 
hand  holding  a  number  of  threads  attached  to  the  noses  of  his  supporters, 
who  advance  through  a  doorway,  the  foremost  kneeling  or  prostrating 
themselves.  Across  his  forehead  is  a  placard  inscribed  Interest;  he  says. 
Approach  &  Salute  the  Broad  Bottom  of  Royalty!!  He  holds  a  large  flag 
inscribed  Standard  of  venality  on  which  are  a  large  earl's  coronet  indicating 
Lonsdale  (see  No.  6579),  two  duke's  coronets,  a  mitre,  a  baron's  and  a 
viscount's  coronet,  and  three  money-bags,  each  inscribed  Cole  (cf.  No. 
6213),  followed  by  the  words  to  be  Given  Away.  On  the  ground  at  Pitt's 
feet  are  the  words.  Road  to  Preferment. 

The  king  kneels  on  the  throne  exposing  his  'broad  bottom'  to  the  Pitt- 
ites ;  it  is  irradiated  and  to  it  are  attached  a  pair  of  small  wings ;  it  is  further 
adorned  with  Garter  star  and  ribbon  inscribed  Honi  Soit  qui  mal.  .  .  .  He 
bends  forward,  his  body  in  a  horizontal  position,  so  that  his  head  and 
shoulders  are  hidden  by  a  curtain  (1.)  inscribed  Secret  Influence  Drying 
Clouts!  Nursing  Making  toast  [cf.  No.  7923]  Rocking  the  Cradle,  &c.  &c.  &c. 

The  crowd  of  Pittites  advances  through  a  doorway  surmounted  by  a 
large  royal  crown  flanked  by  a  birch-rod  and  a  sword.  Across  the  doorway 
is  inscribed  Hall  of  Prerogative  1784,  and  over  the  heads  of  the  members, 

Majority  of  y'  New  P T  We  are  your  Devoted  Slaves.  Their  heads  are 

crudely  drawn  and  few  can  be  identified :  a  man  in  the  forefront  in  tartan 

141 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  evidently  Dundas.  A  man  full-face  in  the  centre  of  the  crowd  who  is 
inscribed  Rat  Catcher  and  has  a  rat  on  his  forehead  is  John  (or  Jack) 
Robinson,  see  No.  6427,  &c.  Thurlow  in  wig  and  gown  kneels  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  and  a  man  on  the  extreme  r.  resembles  Barre.  A  parson  in  the  fore- 
ground is  probably  Mason,  cf.  No.  6485. 

For  the  peerages,  &c.,  given  by  Pitt  at  this  time  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs, 
1884,  iii.  351  ff.,  Ann.  Reg.y  iy84-5,  pp.  214  ff.  The  first  of  several  satires 
on  the  subject,  see  No.  6631,  &c.   For  Pitt  and  'secret  influence'  see  No. 
6417,  &c.   For  other  satires  hostile  to  Pitt  see  No.  6552,  &c. 
8Jxi2f  in. 

6604  FOX'S  FOOL  [c.  May  1784] 

[P.  Sandby.^] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs 

Etching.  A  portrait  of  William  Austin  with  ass*s  ears  walking  in  profile 
(1.  to  r.),  his  hat  decorated  with  Foxite  emblems:  a  Fox  favour,  a  fox*s 
brush,  and  a  laurel  branch.  In  his  r.  hand  he  carries  a  watchman's  rattle 
and  a  fox's  brush  and  his  cane  which  is  under  his  arm.  Under  his  1.  arm 
is  a  portfolio,  marked  with  an  A,  referring  to  a  note  below  the  print,  A. 
Drawings  turnd  out  of  R.  Academy.  He  is  tall  and  slim  and  fashionably 
dressed,  wearing  top-boots,  looking  much  younger  than  his  age. 

Behind  are  the  backs  of  a  row  of  houses,  seen  over  a  brick  wall,  drawn 
with  topographical  precision.  Outside  the  first-floor  window  of  a  dignified- 
looking  house  is  a  large  board  inscribed  Drawing  And  Etching  Taught  by 
W  Austen  Rodney  PlacCy  surmounted  by  a  bust  wearing  a  cocked  hat. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  Most  Humbly  Dedicated  to  Sir  Sam^  House  &c 

When  Billy  proudly  struts  the  Streets 
A  Universal  laugh  he  meefs 
From  Men,  while  Boys  from  School 
Cry  out  Gadzooks!  what  Thing  is  That 
With  such  a  Head  and  such  a  Hat? 
O  Lord!  its  Fox's  Fool. 

For  Austin  see  No.  5318.    He  was  engraver,  caricaturist,  print-seller, 
fashionable  drawing-master,  and  an  ardent  admirer  of  Fox. 
74X5f  in. 

6605  [HENRY  FLOOD.]  [?  c.  May  1784] 

Engraving.  A  bust-portrait  of  Flood  in  profile  to  the  1.  Two  other  heads 
in  profile  to  the  1.  are  below  and  behind  him  on  the  extreme  r.  As  a  back- 
ground there  is  a  series  of  four  gibbets  (r.),  a  body  hanging  from  each,  and 
a  firing-party  (1.)  of  three  minute  figures  firing  at  persons  at  close  range. 

Identified  in  an  old  hand  as  *M^  Flood  the  Irish  Orator,  to  the  electors 
of  Seaford  1784'.  Richard  Bull  has  added  the  note  *very  like'  to  an  impres- 
sion in  his  collection  of  'Honorary  Engravers'. 

For  the  complicated  history  of  the  election  for  Seaford,  1784-6,  see 

*  In  the  William  Sandby  bequest.  With  the  print  is  one  of  Austin's  advertise- 
ments with  pencil  notes,  giving  his  address  as  'York  Street  St  James  &  Lawrence 
Street  Chelsea*  with  a  list  of  his  pupils  since  1768;  they  include  'Marquis  Towns- 
hend'  (cr.  1786). 

142 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Oldfield,  Representative  History  of  Great  Britain,  181 6,  v.  451;  the  writer 
states  that  he  himself  introduced  Flood  to  the  borough.  Flood,  having 
paid  ;C4,ooo  to  the  Duke  of  Chandos  for  a  seat  for  Winchester  on  a  by- 
election  in  September  1783,  was  not  returned  at  the  general  election  on 
account  of  a  misunderstanding  with  the  Duke.  He  was  one  of  twenty-six 
candidates  who  offered  themselves  for  Seaford  between  March  1784  and 
March  1785;  he  was  twice  defeated  owing  to  manipulations  of  the  poll  by 
the  returning  officer ;  on  a  third  election,  though  not  returned,  a  committee 
of  the  House  of  Commons  on  13  Mar.  1786,  declared  him  elected.  See 
Luders,  Reports  on  Controverted  Elections,  I790>  "i-  32  ff.  In  1784  he  was 
a  Pittite,  having  opposed  Fox*s  India  Bill,  but  soon  went  into  Opposition. 
By  the  same  artist  as  No.  6606,  probably  an  amateur.  See  also  No.  6607. 
3fX2iin.  (pi.). 

6606  FLOOD  OF  CORRUPTION  [?^.  May  1784] 

Engraving.  A  bust-portrait  of  Henry  Flood  in  profile  to  the  r.  Behind  his 
shoulders  waves  are  indicated.  On  the  margin  is  written  in  an  old  hand, 
*At  the  Winchester  Election  when  M'"  Flood  was  a  candidate'.  Flood  was 
not  returned  for  Winchester  at  the  general  election,  see  Nos.  6605,  6607. 

By  the  same  artist  as  No.  6605. 
3}X2f  in.  (clipped). 

6607  [A  MOCK  ELECTION-PROCESSION  AT  WINCHESTER] 

[?t.  May  1784] 

Engraving.  No  title.  A  satire  on  Henry  Flood.  A  procession,  surrounded 
by  a  crowd,  is  chairing  a  man  who  holds  a  punch-bowl  in  his  r.  hand ;  in  the 
1.  he  holds  a  wand  on  the  top  of  which  is  a  horn.  Some  of  the  crowd  wave 
similar  wands.  He  wears  what  may  be  intended  for  a  fool's  cap.  Houses 
in  the  background  indicate  a  wide  street  or  market-place.  Beneath  is 
etched : 

While  Winton  of  late  was  o^er  flooded  with  joy 
At  the  sight  of  a  pretty  fac'd  Irish  boy 
Some  wags  would  asemble,  by  way  of  a  frolick 
Which  gave  this  Adonis  a  kind  of  Horn  cholic. 

Flood  sat  for  Winchester  from  1783,  on  Lord  Stanhope's  death,  but  was 
not  returned  in  1784.  He  was  notoriously  ugly.   See  Nos.  6605,  6606. 
3iX2iin.  (pi.). 

6608  BEHOLD  THE  MAN!  [c.  May  1784] 
[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  The  Intrepid  Magazine.  A  copy  of  No.  5547, 
a  portrait  of  George  III  as  an  oriental  potentate,  his  head  turned  in  profile 
to  the  r. ;  the  expression  of  arrogance  and  cunning  is  more  conspicuous  than 
in  the  mezzotint.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Whose  true  Character  shall  be  given  in  the  Intrepid  Magazine.  The 
'magazine'  'By  the  Reverend  William  Hamilton,  M.A.'  consists  wholly  of 
propaganda  against  Pitt,  chiefly  written  before  the  dissolution  of  Parlia- 
ment; it  gives,  however,  the  Cambridge  University  poll.  See  No.  6609. 
5f  X3I  in.  Copy  in  Print  Room.  (B.M.L.  P.P.  5445.) 

143 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL   SATIRES 

6609  JOHN  STOCKDALE,  THE  BOOKSELLING  BLACKSMITH, 
ONE  OF  THE  KING'S  NEW  FRIENDS  [c.  May  1784] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  From  the  Intrepid  Magazine^  illustrating  a  *  History  and 
Character  of  Stockdale  the  Bookseller'.  Stockdale  stands  in  a  smithy, 
holding  on  an  anvil  a  large  book  which  he  is  about  to  strike  with  a  hammer. 
Another  large  book,  horse-shoes,  and  farrier's  tools  lie  on  the  ground. 
Behind  is  an  ass  waiting  to  be  shod.  Horse-shoes  hang  on  the  wall.  Stock- 
dale  wears  a  blacksmith's  apron  but  is  otherwise  dressed  like  a  well-to-do 
citizen,  and  wears  a  ruffled  shirt. 

Stockdale  (see  D.N.B.)  is  attacked  as  the  publisher  of  Pittite  pamphlets, 
notably  'The  Beauties  of  Fox,  North  and  Burke'  and  'The  Beauties  and 
Deformities  of  Fox,  North  and  Burke',  see  Nos.  6393,  641 1.  He  is  here 
said  to  have  been  brought  up  as  a  blacksmith,  and  from  being  a  porter  in 
Almon's  pamphlet-shop  to  have  become  a  bookseller  and  publisher, 
although  scarcely  capable  of  writing  his  own  name;  his  shop,  opposite 
Burlington  House,  Piccadilly,  is  a  lounging-place  for  newsmongering  poli- 
ticians. J.  Ridgeway,  his  brother-in-law,  also  of  Piccadilly,  is  the  publisher 
of  'The  Intrepid  Magazine',  a  Foxite  pamphlet,  see  No.  6608.  Three 
adjacent  booksellers  in  Piccadilly  were  noted  for  their  political  pamphlets 
during  the  Westminster  Election ;  Stockdale,  Ridgeway,  and  Debrett,  the 
two  latter  being  Foxites. 

Grego,  RozulandsoTty  i.  144. 
6iX4f  in. 

6610  THE  CHURCH  MILITANT. 
I  June  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Hervey,  Bishop  of 
Deny  and  Earl  of  Bristol,  stands  full-face,  dressed  half  as  an  Irish  Volun- 
teer, half  as  a  bishop.  In  his  r.  hand  he  holds  a  drawn  sword  above  his 
head,  in  his  1.  he  holds  downwards  a  Holy  Bible.  On  one  half  of  his  head 
(1.)  is  a  military  hat,  on  the  other  half  a  mitre  and  a  closely-curled  wig. 
One  half  of  his  body  and  one  leg  is  dressed  in  the  uniform  of  an  officer 
of  the  Irish  Volunteers,  the  other  wears  a  long  gown  with  a  lawn  sleeve. 
Beneath  half  the  design  is  inscribed  (1.),  I  am  going  to  Bristol 'y  beneath  the 
other  half,  Heigh!  Derry  Ho! 

At  the  volunteer  convention  in  Dublin  in  Nov.  1783  the  bishop  appeared 
in  great  pomp  as  delegate  for  Derry,  attended  by  a  troop  of  dragoons  led 
by  his  notorious  nephew  'Fighting  Fitzgerald'  (see  No.  5198,  &c.).  See 
Hardy,  Memoirs  of  the  Earl  of  Charlemonty  18 12,  ii.  104.  His  apparently 
seditious  activities  in  1784  gave  great  uneasiness  to  the  Government,  see 
Lecky,  History  of  England y  vi.  332  ff.  See  also  No.  6654,  &c.,  and  cf.  his 
arms  in  The  Heraldry  of  Nature y  1785,  p.  28,  where  his  crest  is  'A  mitre 
crossed  by  two  swords  dipped  in  blood'. 
10 J  X  8-1  in.  (pL). 

6611  THE  CO  VENT  GARDEN  DELUGE.  [i  June  1784] 

Engraving.  From  The  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 

Fox,  and  others  stand  on  a  balcony  slightly  above  the  level  of  the  street. 

'  The  plate  is  missing  from  the  B.M.L.  copy. 

144 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Beneath  are  Wray,  Hood,  and  other  passers-by.  The  Duchess  says,  You 
shall  come  in  Charley ;  she  urinates,  a  stream  falling  on  to  Wray  below,  who 
looks  up,  saying.  This  was  designed  for  the  Admiral^  Fm  not  used  to  Salt 
Water.  Lord  Hood,  just  behind  him,  says,  She  has  given  you  a  Broadside. 
A  boy  says.  It  does  not  rain  but  it  pours;  a  woman  (r.)  says.  This  is  striving 
against  the  Stream.  A  fat  butcher  (1.)  points  up  at  the  balcony.  Three 
ladies  are  beside  the  Duchess  on  the  balcony.  Behind  and  looking  over 
the  Duchess's  shoulders  are  Fox  (1.),  saying.  Drown  the  Rascal,  and  the 
Duke  of  Devonshire,  from  whose  head  project  long  horns. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  part  taken  by  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  in 
the  return  of  Fox  for  Westminster,  see  Nos.  6493,  6588,  &c. 
6^X3!  in. 


6612  THE  WESTMINSTER  ELECTION.  [i  June  1784] 

Engraving.  From  The  Rambler^s  Magazine.  A  scene  in  front  of  the  hust- 
ings in  Covent  Garden ;  the  Duchesses  of  Devonshire  and  Rutland  fighting, 

tearing  each  other's  hair,  each  with  a  backer.  One  (1.)  says,  D shire  for 

ever!  The  other  (r.),  a  butcher,  holds  out  a  lemon,  saying,  R 1 — —d 

for  ever!  Fragments  of  torn  garments  lie  on  the  ground.  Behind  is  a  crowd. 
The  background  is  the  portico  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  with  the  roof  of  the 
hustings  attached  to  the  front  of  the  pillars. 

The  two  beautiful  Duchesses  were  political  opponents.   The  Duchess 
of  Rutland,  who  was  in  Ireland,  could  have  taken  no  part  in  the  election. 
For  that  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  see  No.  6588,  &c. 
5fX3iin. 


6613  [SIR  WATKIN  LEWES  RIDING  A  RAM] 

L,..,dD,,..l  pinx^ 

Pu¥  as  the  act  directSy  by  S.  Fores  N*"  3  Piccadilly  June  5  1784 

Engraving.  Lewes,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  sits  astride  a  ram  which  is  eating 
a  bunch  of  grapes.  Across  the  plate  is  etched : 

The  Lordly  Knight, 

The  Coalition  bite. 

Now  takes  the  earliest  hour 

To  taste  the  grapes, — before  theyWe  sour. 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Here  I  am, 

Riding  upon  a  black  ram. 

Like  a  Whore  as  I  am: 

And  for  my  Crincum,  Crancum, 

Have  lost  my  Bincum  Bancum; 

So  pray  M^  P — tt,  give  me  my  place  again. 

The  words  imitate  those  said,  by  the  custom  of  certain  manors,  by  a 
widow  who  had  lost  her  free  bench,  or  life  tenure  of  her  husband's  copy- 
hold, for  unchastity.  See  Jacob's  Law  Dictionary,  s.v.  Free  Bench; 
Spectator,  No.  614,  i  Nov.  1714.  For  Alderman  Sir  Watkin  Lewes,  M.P. 
for  London,  see  No.  6442  and  index. 

145  ^ 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  artist's  name  is  clearly  an  allusion  to  Lord  Delaval,  who  deserted 
Fox  on  the  result  of  the  elections,  see  his  speech  on  19  May,  Pari.  Hist.^ 
xxiv.  835,  and  The  Delavaliad  in  Political  Miscellanies y  1790,  pp.  24-7. 

9jx8|in. 


6614  A  MODERN  PATRIOT,  HARANGUEING  HIS  CONSTITU- 
ENTS. 

SC  Fee'  [Collings.] 

June,  6,  1784.   Pu¥  by  W,  Wells,  N^  132  Fleet  S^ 

Engraving.  Fox  (r.),  in  tartan  kilt  and  plaid,  harangues  a  group  (1.)  of  six 
Scots  in  Highland  dress,  who  are  lean,  ragged,  and  uncouth.  He  says: 
Gentlemen! — I  am  ready  to  execute  whatever  you  command — Is  there  a 
Stuart  among  you — say  the  wordy  he  shall  be  your  king — or  I  will  abolish 
monarchy  and  episcopacy — I  am  a  Presbyterian! — any  thing — I  am  particu- 
larly attached  to  this  country — or  any  other  that  I  can  make  my  market  of — . 
In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design  Lord  North's  head  appears  from 
clouds,  blowing  a  blast  inscribed  Comfort  at  Fox.  The  Scots  have  dour, 
calculating  expressions  and  listen  intently;  one  has  bagpipes  under  his 
arm.  A  barren  and  mountainous  landscape  is  indicated ;  two  birds  of  prey 
fly  near  Fox  (r.). 

A  satire  on  Fox's  election  for  the  Orkney  boroughs:  having  decried 
Scottish  influence  he  ofi^ers  to  support  any  Scottish  cause:  Jacobitism  or 
the  militant  Presbyterianism  of  the  Covenanters.  See  Nos.  6559,  6602, 
6619,  6622,  6626,  6635;  cf.  also  No.  6563. 

8ftXi2i|in. 


6615  THE  RIGHT  HON:  C.  J.  FOX'S  SCRUTINY  OF  HIS  AMIABLE 
COLLEAGUE  LORD  NORTH. 

Satire  Sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Juney  7'*  1784, 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  An  extract  from  a  speech  by  Fox  attacking 
North  in  1779  engraved  on  a  scroll  with  etched  figures  in  the  four  corners. 
In  the  upper  1.  corner  North,  seated  on  the  Treasury  Chest,  listens  with 
gestures  of  alarm ;  two  dismayed  supporters  sit  behind  him.  In  the  opposite 
corner  (r.)  Fox  stands,  r.  fist  raised  1.,  arm  extended.  He  has  risen  from 
the  Hunger  &  Poverty  Bench,  behind  which  two  of  his  supporters  sit 
listening  complacently.  In  the  lower  1.  corner  the  Devil  (H.L.)  looks  up 
through  a  single  eye-glass  at  North,  saying.  Whom  I  have  put  together  let 
none  put  asunder  (cf.  No.  6189).  In  the  opposite  corner  (r.)  a  satyr  reclining 
on  the  ground  holds  up  the  scroll  on  which  Fox's  speech  is  engraved 
saying,  Charley  is  at  his  Old  Tricks!  The  speech  fills  the  greater  part  of 
the  design : 

The  Speech  of  the  Right  Hon:  C.  J.  Fox  in  the  House  of  Commons,  On 
January  the  22^  [i.e.  June  22"*^],  1779. 

The  Noble  Lord  (North)  after  owning  that  we  had  no  foreign  Alliances  had 
triumphantly  spoken  of  unanimity  .  .  .  [see  Pari.  Hist.,  xx.  936,  quoted  in 
Beauties  of  Fox,  North,  and  Burke,  1784.  The  passage  ends,  altering  the 
words  in  the  Beauties  (where  they  were  correctly  quoted)]:  The  Idea  of 

146 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

a  Coalition  with  such  a  Monster  was  too  horrid  to  be  Admitted  for  a  Moment! 
Gentlemen  must  Have  foregone  their  principles  &  have  given  up  their  Honor 
before  they  could  have  approached  the  Threshold  of  an  Alliance  so  Abominable 
so  Disgracefull  and  so  Everlastingly  to  be  Cursed  by  Englishmen! 

A  satire  on  the  Coalition,  cf.  No.  6393,  &c.,  with  an  allusion  in  the  title 
to  the  Westminster  scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c. 

6|Xiiiin. 

6616  A  PEEP  BELOW  STAIRS  A  DREAM. 

Pu¥  by  J.  Wallis  N^  16.  Ludgate  Street,  June,  8  17S4. 

Engraving.  Demons  drag  persons  towards  the  flames  of  hell,  from  which 
emerge  the  heads  and  shoulders  of  other  victims.  The  figures  are  dispersed 
over  the  design,  some  being  in  the  air,  others  on  the  ground.  A  gallows 
(1.)  stands  on  a  pile  of  sacks  supported  on  rocks  beside  the  pit  of  hell; 
Christopher  Atkinson,  the  dishonest  corn-factor  (see  Nos.  6021,  6667),  is 
tied  to  it  by  the  wrists.  One  demon  sits  on  his  back,  another  pours  the 
contents  of  a  bowl  into  his  mouth  saying,  The  Gold  you  were  so  fond  of  Is 
turned  into  boy  ling  lead  &  you  must  Swallow  it.  So  much  for  corn  Con^ 
tractors.  A  third  demon  flies  towards  him  with  a  pitchfork.  Next,  a  flying 
demon  drags  by  the  wrist  Lord  George  Gordon ;  he  points  to  the  flames 
below,  saying,  Once^  twice  &  thrice  welcome^  my  dear  lord — Georgy  Your 
Riots  in  June,  put  all  Hell  in  tune.  Gordon  says.  Oh  M^  Devilj  I  acted  purely 
for  the  good  old  Cause.  (See  No.  5694,  &c.)  Riding  through  the  air  (r.  to  1.) 
on  a  galloping  horse  are  four  members  of  the  Coalition :  North  holds  the 
reins,  and  looks  through  his  eye-glass,  saying.  This  is  a  damnd  ugly  place 
I  wish  I  were  Safe  &  Sound  at  Bushy.  Back  to  back  with  him,  their  arms 
tied  together,  sits  Fox,  holding  a  dice-box  and  saying.  We've  play*d  to  deep 
This  last  Cast  has  Sunk  us.  Next  him  sits  Burke,  perpetrating  an  Irish 
bull :  By  Jesus  I  hope  we  are  all  above  going  downwards.  Facing  the  horse's 
tail,  with  a  book  in  his  hand,  sits  Sheridan  saying.  This  is  a  Tragical 
Manner  of  finishing  a  Comedy.  A  horned  satyr  urges  on  the  horse  with  a 
pair  of  bellows. 

Between  the  horse  and  the  ground  are  three  other  victims :  a  man  being 
dragged  downwards  by  a  demon  who  winds  his  serpent-like  legs  round 
him ;  a  demon  clutches  a  military  officer  saying.  Ah  Colonel,  Colonel,  you 
Cheated  your  poor  Soldiers  But  you  shan't  cheat  me.  A  demon  grasps  round 
the  body  a  parson  in  gown  and  bands,  holding  a  copy  of  the  morning  post ; 
he  says.  My  good  Sir,  You  have  out  done  tis  all  here  in  Hell  for  Lying  you 
must  now  take  the  Reward  due  to  your  ingenuity.  He  is  William  Jackson  (see 
D.N.B.),  who  in  1780  succeeded  Bate  as  editor  of  the  Morning  Post,  which 
made  scurrilous  attacks  on  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  during  the  West- 
minster election,  see  No.  6594,  &c. 

Below  all  these  figures  which  fill  the  upper  part  of  the  print  are  men  and 
women  in  the  flames  of  Hell  (1.) ;  others  are  dragged  towards  it  across  level 
ground  behind  which  flames  are  rising.  Twelve  persons  are  actually  in  the 
flames,  conspicuous  among  them  a  fat  woman  holding  a  bottle  in  one 
hand  and  a  glass  in  the  other.  A  young  man  in  a  riding-hat  holds  out 
his  arm  towards  her  saying,  ho!  Mother  Cole!  leave  me  a  drop.  (Mrs.  Cole 
in  Foot's  Minor  was  Mother  Douglas,  a  noted  procuress,  probably  here 
representing  Mrs  Windsor,  see  No.  6547.)  ^  Gordon  rioter,  a  *No- 
Popery'  favour  in  his  hat,  flourishes  a  club,  saying,  D — m  my  Eyes!  No 

147 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

popery  (see  No.  5679,  &c.).  A  man  clutches  money-bags  under  his  arms 
saying,  Fll  hold  my  bags  fast,  there  are  Thief s  even  in  Hell.  Among  the 
others  in  the  flames  is  a  parson.  Lord  Sandwich  is  dragged  towards  the 
pit  by  two  demons.  He  holds  a  scroll  inscribed  Catches  &  Cannons  and 
Glees  (cf.  No.  5668) ,  saying,  Can  I  have  a  Girl  here,  and  good  Claret  or 
Champaigne  I  care  not  a  fig.  One  of  the  demons,  who  is  semi-human, 
wearing  clothes,  answers.  Ah  my  dear  Jemmy,  I  am  glad  to  see  you,  no  Girls 
here  but  old  Quondams  enough.  After  him  walks  Bute,  his  arms  held  out  in 
horror,  saying.  Ah!  woe  is  me,  wou'd  I  were  Safe  in  the  Cool  Isle  of  Bute. 
He  wears  a  flat  Scots  cap,  and  a  Garter  ribbon  and  star  with  a  Court  suit, 
as  in  satires  of  twenty  years  earlier.  He  is  pushed  by  a  large  demon  and 
dragged  by  two  small  ones,  one  of  whom  (1.)  holds  a  string  attached  to  one 
of  his  legs.  This  imp  has  one  wooden  leg,  with  a  large  spur  like  that 
attached  to  game-cocks,  on  the  other  leg  is  a  top-boot,  emblem  of  Bute, 
cf.  No.  3860,  &c.  (1762).  After  Bute  walks  Mansfield  in  judge's  wig  and 
gown,  his  r.  hand  raised  admonishingly,  a  large  book  in  his  1.  hand.  He 
says.  Their  proceeding  here,  are  Contrary  to  all  the  rules  in  the  Kings  Bench 
I  do  not  like  the  place.  He  is  propelled  by  a  long  pitchfork  held  by  a  horse- 
headed  monster  on  the  extreme  r. ;  a  small  demon  holds  up  the  end  of  his 
long  gown.  Last  walks  Lord  Loughborough  in  wig  and  gown  between 
two  ladies,  saying,  /  demur  to  going  any  further  Fll  try  to  repleven  you  both 
out  again.  The  lady  on  his  r.,  with  three  ostrich  feathers  (suggesting  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire)  in  her  hair,  says.  As  you  have  brought  us  thus  far 
you  Should  not  leave  us  in  the  Lurch.  The  other,  with  lappets  of  lace  and 
flowers  in  her  hair,  says,  There  will  be  no  Danger  of  being  try'd  here  I  hope 
for  Grim,  Con. 

A  composite  satire,  in  an  obsolescent  manner,  combining  attacks  on  the 
Coalition,  on  Christopher  Atkinson,  Lord  George  Gordon,  who  supported 
Fox  at  the  Westminster  Election  {Westminster  Election,  p.  242,  &c.)  but 
had  incurred  little  unpopularity  in  1780,  cf.  No.  5694,  on  Bute,  Sandwich, 
and  Mansfield,  the  subjects  of  many  satires  described  in  Volumes  IV 
and  V.  The  *  Colonel'  may  be  Lonsdale,  see  No.  6579. 
9i|xi4f  in. 

6617  F [FOX]  BORING  MONEY  OUT  OF  A  JEW. 

Published  as  the  act  directs  by,  S  Fores  3  Piccadilly  June  10  1784 

Engraving.  A  Jew,  bound  by  a  rope,  crouches  kneeling  on  a  low  bench 
which  he  holds  with  both  hands.  Fox  stands  behind  hi^n  (1.)  holding  with 
both  hands  the  handle  of  an  auger  with  which  he  is  boring  the  Jew's 

posteriors.    He  says,  /'//  bore  you  by  If  you  don't  produce  money 

immediately:  you  Jewish  Son  of  a  bitch.  The  Jew  says,  O  Shweet  Shir  let 
me  up  and  You  shall  have  the  monies.  Over  the  Jew  is  etched :  A  few  days 
since,  a  Jew,  well  known  in  the  Alley,  applied  to  a  certain  Person  for  the  pay- 
ment of  a  large  sum  that  he  had  lent  him;  but  instead  of  paying  him,  He  had 
him  tied  to  a  Form,  and  actually  with  an  auger,  began  the  operation  of  boring 
him,  until  he  promised,  never  again  to  ask  him  for  it,  until  he  thought  proper 
to  pay  him — And  also  made  him  swear  to  get  him  a  thousand  pounds  more, 
instantly. — This  is  a  fact  well  authenticated. 

A  satire  on  Fox's  notorious  indebtedness  to  Jews,  cf.  Nos.  6461,  6623, 
6990. 
7|Xiolin. 

148 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 
6618  [FOX  AND  PITT  AS  A  COLLIER  AND  A  FULLER.] 
P  F  Sold  at  N°  34  King  Street  S^  Ann's  Soho  June  12*^  1^84. 

Engraving.  No  title.  Fox  (1.),  leaning  on  a  spade  beside  a  heap  of  coals, 
holds  out  his  1.  hand  towards  Pitt  (r.),  who  stands  holding  the  reins  of  a 
pack-horse.  A  placard  on  a  pole  in  the  coal-heap  is  inscribed  The  Best  sort 
of  Opposition  Coals  to  set  the  Nation  in  a  Blaze  By  Charles  &  Co.  The  coals 
are  heaped  over  a  low  arch  or  culvert  under  which  is  the  horned  head  of 
a  devil  among  flames,  representing  a  coal-pit.  A  flag,  inscribed  Fullers  Earth 
to  take  the  stains  {Left  by  Old  Servants)  Out  of  Government^  is  fixed  to  the 
saddle-bags  of  Pitt's  horse.  Fox  says.  Come  Billy  let  Us  Shake  Hands  & 
Unite.  Pitt  answers,  No  No  Charley  Keep' with  Your  Old  Partner  Under 
the  Coals.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

A  Collier  was  very  Earnest  with  a  Fuller^  pressing  Him  that  they  Two 
might  take  one  House^  &  Live  both  together  in  It.  My  Friend^  replied  the 
Fuller y  You  must  excuse  Me:  It  would  be  very  improper  for  us  to  Cohabit 
under  the  same  Roof.  No  Pleasure  nor  Profit  could  accrue  to  me  thereby;  nor 
indeed  could  I  expect  Other  than  Troubles  &  Inconveniences  from  it.  Consider 
with  Your  self  how  very  Pretty  it  zvill  be,  when  I  have  made  Goods  delicately 
clean,  for  You  to  make  'em  as  black  as  Your  Coals. 

^sop's  Fables  SS^\ 

There  was,  of  course,  no  question  at  this  time  of  the  co-operation  of 
Pitt  and  Fox ;  for  the  Union'  proposed  by  Powys  and  Marsham  see  No. 
6413,  &c. 

7tXiiiin. 


6619  A  NEW  WAY  TO  DESIDE  THE  SCRUTANY. 
Pu¥  14  June  84  by  E  Shirlock  Drury  Lane. 

Engraving.  A  fight  between  Wray  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  who  face  each  other 
with  clenched  fists.  Fox  is  dressed  in  tartan  kilt,  coat,  and  stockings,  to 
indicate  that  he  is  M.P.  for  the  Orkney  boroughs,  see  No.  6614.  He  says, 
ril  beat  you  until  you  Pi — ss  Small  Beer.  Wray,  in  shirt,  breeches,  and  top- 
boots,  says,  ril  hit  you  such  thump  that  will  bid  your  Scotch  crowdy  Good 
morrow.  Behind  each  is  a  backer  holding  out  a  lemon ;  that  of  Fox  is  the 
Duchess  of  Devonshire  in  coat  and  breeches,  wearing  her  electioneering 
hat  with  its  Fox  favour  and  plume  of  three  ostrich  feathers  (see  No.  6530). 
She  says :  Take  Courage  III  support  the  cause  while  I  can  ware  the  Breaches. 
Lord  Hood  stands  bejfiind  Wray,  saying :  Hit  him  low  &  you  will  make  him 
Surrender  as  I  made  Monsieur  on  the  twelfth  of  April,  an  allusion  to 
Rodney's  defeat  of  de  Grasse  in  1782  when  the  French  flag-ship  surren- 
dered to  Hood,  see  No.  5991.  Behind  the  seconds  stand  spectators :  behind 
the  Duchess  are  Sam  House  saying,  Well  dun  Fox,  and  Lord  North. 
Behind  Hood  are  four  ragamuffins,  one  with  Hood  &  Wray  on  his  hat, 
another  waving  a  stick  and  shouting  O  Wray. 

For  the  scrutiny  demanded  by  Wray  on  the  closing  of  the  Westminster 
poll  see  No.  6553,  &c. 

10X15  in. 

149 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6620  THE  TRIUMPH  OF  VIRTUE. 
W,D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Browtiy  Rathhone  Place,  June  14^^  17 84, 

Engraving.  The  king  as  Arthur  stands  between  Fox  (1.)  as  Grimhald  and 
Pitt  (r.)  as  Philidely  turning  his  back  on  Fox  and  holding  out  his  hands  to 
Pitt.  The  names  are  inscribed  on  scrolls  above  the  figures.  'Arthur'  vi^ears 
a  crown,  a  tunic  and  cloak  trimmed  with  bands  of  ermine,  with  cross- 
gartered  boots;  he  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  towards  Thilidel',  who 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  with  curiously-shaped  wings,  one  inscribed 
Majority,  holding  a  wand  in  his  r.  hand  and  wearing  a  laurel  wreath.  His 
cloak,  slashed  doublet,  and  hose  appear  to  be  intended  for  Elizabethan 
costume.  'Grimbald'  stands  full-face,  clasping  his  hands,  looking  with  a 
scowl  to  the  r.  His  wings  droop,  one  is  inscribed  Minority ;  horns  sprout 
from  his  forehead,  a  barb  protrudes  from  the  tip  of  his  fox's  brush;  his 
feet  are  those  of  a  beast  of  prey.  His  wrists  and  ankles  are  shackled  and 
linked  by  chains.  He  wears  a  tunic  made  of  snake-like  scales  on  which  is 
a  demon's  mask.  A  crown  inscribed  Asia  has  fallen  from  his  head  and  lies 
at  his  feet,  together  with  a  trident. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  Victory!  victory!  Vice  is  in  chains,  .  .  . 
Victory!  victory!   Virtue  reigns,  vide  King  Arthur. 

A  satire  on  the  defeat  of  Fox  in  the  general  election,  with  an  allusion  to 
the  defeat  of  the  India  Bill  (cf.  No.  6286,  &c.).  The  characters  are  from 
Dryden's  King  Arthur  or  the  British  Worthy  in  which  Philidel,  *a  gentle 
aerial  spirit,  friendly  to  the  Christians',  is  opposed  by  *Grimbald,  a  fierce 
earthy  goblin'.  Baker,  Biog.  Dram.,  1812,  ii.  39. 

8fXi3^in. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

THE  POLITICAL  SAMPSON  IN  REVENGE  SETS  FIRE  TO  THE 
COUNTRY. 

Pub:  15*^  June  1784  by  W  Holloway  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  ties  firebrands  to  the  tails  of  foxes 
to  send  them  into  standing  com.  Sheridan  (r.)  kindles  brands  at  a  fire 
which  burns  in  a  pot  inscribed  Treason  Sedition  Reverse.  Fox  holds  up  a 
burning  brand  inscribed  Sedition ;  he  has  just  attached  a  brand  to  the  tail 
of  a  fox  inscribed  S  .  .  rry  (Lord  Surrey)  and  says  Make  Haste  Dick  &  let 
me  have  some  more  firebrands.  Sheridan  answers,  /  am  Inflaming  as  fast  as 
possible  Charly ;  beside  him  two  foxes  are  tied  up,  waiting  for  their  brands : 
Morning  Herald  (the  Opposition  newspaper)  and  B ke  (Burke).  Run- 
ning towards  the  corn  (1.)  are  two  foxes:  No — th  and  Fitzp — tr — ck. 

For  the  theme  of  factious  and  seditious  opposition  by  the  disappointed 
Foxites  cf.  No.  6785.   For  the  foxes  and  firebrands  cf.  No.  5963  (1782). 
Six  12 J  in. 

6621  THE  RIVAL  CANVESSERS 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  June  16^^  1748  [sic]  by  H  M'  Phail  N  68 
High  Holburn 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.)  fights  Mrs.  Hobart  (1.).  The 
r.  fist  of  the  Duchess  is  near  her  opponent's  nose,  her  1.  hand  is  on  her  hip. 

150 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Mrs.  Hobart,  both  fists  extended,  says :  Fll  have  no  more  for  my  Nose 
Bleeds;  the  Duchess  answers :  /  have  not  done  yet  Madam.  A  backer  stands 
behind  each;  Fox  (r.)  says,  Well  done  Georgiana  to  her  again,  A  hand 
extends  from  clouds  holding  a  laurel  wreath  over  his  head.  Wray,  behind 
Mrs.  Hobart,  says.  If  she  Cant  Beat  her  A  Scrutiny  Shall.  A  hand  from 
clouds  holds  a  fool's  cap  over  his  head  on  which  is  a  butterfly  and  an  ass*s 
ear.  Behind  Wray,  holding  a  cane,  stands  Lord  Hood  saying,  Alas  poor 
Judas  you  will  lose  ye  day.  The  dishevelled  hair  of  the  ladies  hangs  down 
their  backs :  Mrs.  Hobart,  very  stout  and  decolletee,  the  Duchess,  slim  and 
wearing  a  riding-habit  with  a  coat  of  military  cut.  She  has  two  Fox  favours 
in  her  hat,  ostrich  feathers  (see  No.  6530),  and  a  fox's  brush.  The  other 
has  feathers  in  her  hair  and  a  large  favour  inscribed  Hood  &  Wray. 

For  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  Mrs.  Hobart  as  rival  canvassers  see 
No.  6526.   For  the  Westminster  scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c.   For  Wray  as 
Judas  see  No.  6492,  &c. 
7j5gXi2in. 


6622  CHARLES  THE  THIRD,  KING  OF  ALL  THE  ORKNEYS; 
AND  WOULD  BE,  MONARCH  OF  THE  EAST.  OR  THE  EFFECTS 
OF  A  BAD  CONSCIENCE. 

Pu¥  June  i6  1784  as  the  Act  directs  by  S  Fores  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Fox,  dressed  as  a  Tudor  monarch,  starts  from  a  low  couch  on 
which  he  has  been  lying,  his  eyes  staring  in  horror.  In  his  r.  hand  he 
grasps  a  sword  inscribed  Injustice.  Round  his  neck,  on  a  ribbon  inscribed 
Order  of  Blacklegs^  is  a  medallion  bearing  a  dice-box  and  dice.  At  his  feet 
is  a  helmet  (r.)  with  a  closed  visor  inscribed  Helmet  of  Unrighteousness ^  and 
various  documents  inscribed  rts^tctivtly  Pet**  Kirkwa[ll\ ;  Westminster  Elec- 
tion; Private  list  2500  bad  votes  on  my  side  of  the  Question;  Ways  and  means 
P —  W —  [Prince  of  Wales]  Newmar[ket]  Brooks's — Dutchess — North — 
D —  de  Chart[res]  &c.  &c.  &c.  &c. ;  India  Bill  For  the  better  security  Of 
power  to  me  and  my  Friends. 

Fox  wears  a  ruff,  slashed  doublet  and  trunk-hose,  an  ermine-bordered 
cloak,  and  slashed  shoes.  A  curtain  hangs  on  each  side  of  the  couch;  it 
partly  conceals  (1.)  a  framed  portrait-head  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  at  her  breast  a  Fox  favour. 

Above  the  design  is  etched : 

If  we  be  conquerdy  Let  men  conquer  uSy 

And  not  these  Bastard  Britons^  whom  my  Father 

Has  in  their  own  Land^  Cheaten,  spurn  d  and  trod  'on 

And  left  them  on  record  an  Heir  of  Shame. 

Are  these  men  fit  to  be  the  Heirs  of  England? 

A  satire  on  the  return  of  Fox  for  the  Orkney  boroughs,  see  No.  6614,  &c., 
and  on  the  Westminster  scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c.  It  was  stated  during 
the  scrutiny  proceedings  that  Fox's  agents  knew  of  lists  of  bad  votes;  this 
occasioned  an  insulting  remark  by  Erskine.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxiv.  863  (6  June); 
Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1886,  iii.  403-4.  For  Fox  (a  descendant  of  Charles  II) 
as  Charles  III  cf.  No.  6460,  &c.  For  the  defeat  of  the  India  Bill  see  No. 
6286,  &c.  John  (afterwards  Sir  John)  Sinclair  petitioned  against  Fox's 
return  for  Orkney.  For  Fox  and  the  Prince  see  No.  6041,  &c.  The  Due 
de  Chartres,  a  friend  of  Fox,  and  other  French  noblemen  were  alleged  to 

151 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

have  assisted  him  at  the  Westminster  Election.    Westminster  Election, 
pp.  246,  248,  &c. 
lofxiof  in. 

6623  SYMPTOMS  OF  TUMBLING  OR  FALLING  SHORT. 
Published  by  W  Fores  AT"  3  Piccadilly  June  ly  1784, 

Engraving.  Fox  is  being  thrown  over  his  horse's  head;  he  clasps  the 
animal's  neck,  his  feet  are  above  his  head;  papers  fall  from  his  inverted 
coat-pockets,  inscribed  Votes  by  Female  Influence  3000  and  Votes  from 
Dukes  Place  &c.  2000.  The  horse  is  snorting  He  he  he  he,  its  heels  are  in 
the  air;  it  has  shied  at  a  rock  (1.)  inscribed  Scrutiny  Rock.  Beside  the  rock 

is  a  tree  and  a  signpost  inscribed  To  West r. 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  scrutiny  demanded  by  Wray  at  the  close 
of  the  Westminster  poll,  see  No.  6553,  &c.  Duke's  Place,  a  liberty  within 
the  precincts  of  the  City,  was  chiefly  inhabited  by  Jews,  cf.  No.  6617,  &c. 
For  *female  influence'  see  Nos.  6493,  6588,  &c. 

8Jxi3Ain. 

A  print  in  the  Guildhall  Library, 

A  NEW  FIELD  PREACHER;  OR  WAYS  &  MEANS  TO  PAY  AN 
ELECTION  DEBT  I 

[W.  P.  Carey.] 

Published  by  M^  Anyside  [Holland]  N"  66,  Dmry  Lane,  June  19, 
1784 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (1.)  as  a  field  preacher,  an  open  book 
of  hymns  in  his  1.  hand,  addresses  a  plebeian  gathering  (T.Q.L.)  standing 
below  him.  Sam  House  (r.)  leans  along  the  branch  of  a  tree  saying,  Bravo 
Charley.  North,  chapeau-bras,  wearing  his  ribbon  and  star,  holds  out  a 
collecting-bowl  to  an  old  woman  who  takes  money  from  a  stocking 
inscribed  Charitable  Fund.  Fox  says :  Deluded  brethren,  my  arguments  were 

as  refreshing  as  the  Dew  of  Heavn  in  S^  St ns  Chapel — till  an  Evil 

Minister  procured  a  Majority  in  that  once  hallowed  Temple:  You  all,  every 
one  of  you,  who  prostituted  your  voices  on  this  occasion  are  damned  in  the  next 
World!  . .  .  Do  you  wish  to  go  to  Heaven  ?  if  you  do  you  must  be  charitable — 

hand  the  box  round  N th,  this  Election  can  no  more  be  supported  without 

money  than  that  at  Covent  Garden. 

A  dissenting  minister  on  the  extreme  1.,  his  eyes  raised  sanctimoniously, 
says,  O  What  a  wonderful  reformation  .  .  .  [more  persuasive  than  that  of 
Whitfield]  which  has  gulled  thousands  of  poor  credulous  Devils.  A  pregnant 
courtesan  looks  up  at  Fox  weeping. 

For  the  subscription  to  the  expenses  of  the  scrutiny,  cf.  No.  6624.  ^^^ 
Fox  as  preacher  see  No.  6661. 

6624  THE  MUMPING  FOX  OR  REYNARD  TURN'D  BEGGAR. 
[  ?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥June.  22.  1784  by  E.  Rich  N°  55  Fleet  Street 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  directed  to  the  1.  holding  a  begging-box.  He  is 
dressed  in  his  accustomed  manner,  but  his  coat,  breeches,  and  stockings 

152 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

are  ragged,  and  his  toes  protrude  from  one  shoe,  which  is  unbuckled.  He 
says,  My  worthy  Geese  iSf ,  Ganders^  although  I  have  every  reason  Imaginable 
To  beltevey  that  I  have  not  one  real  vote  in  a  Hundred  yet  if  you  will  put  your 
Mite  into  my  Box  I  will  endeavour  all  I  can  to  Bother  my  opponents  and  you 
into  the  Bargain.  Pray  remember  the  poor  Fox.   His  box  is  inscribed,  Fox*5 

Begging  Box.   For  the  Good  of  my  Self.   Let  my  Country  be  D d.   In  the 

background  (r.)  Sam  House  holds  up  the  Standard  of  Sedition.  Three 
butchers  stand  beside  him  with  marrow-bones  and  cleavers,  one  shouting 
Fox  for  ever.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched: 

Politic  Reynard  here  in  Statuquo 

Displays  at  once  his  poverty  &  woe 

Your  kind  assistance  is  his  only  plea 

That  he  may  Stand  the  fatal  Scrutiny 

His  Wits  you^ II  find  your  Pockets  is  to  fleece 

Beware  ye  ganders  and  beware  ye  Geese 

The  Widows  mite  he'll  take  between  his  Clutches 

With  as  much  Glee  as  he  would  kiss  a  Dutchess. 

Fox,  like  Sir  Cecil  Wray,  also  depicted  as  a  mendicant,  see  No.  6578, 
relied  upon  a  public  subscription  for  the  expenses  of  the  scrutiny  (see 
No.  6553,  &c.).  See  advertisement  dated  16  June  in  the  newspapers  of  that 
and  subsequent  dates;  cf.  p.  152.  For  Fox  as  a  beggar  see  No.  6500,  &c. 
For  Westminster  electors  as  geese  cf.  No.  5843,  &c. 
8Jx6^in. 

6625  THE  DEVONSHIRE  AMUSEMENT. 

J.M.W 

Pu¥  June  24.  1784.  by  J.  Wallis  N"*  16  Ludgate  Street, 

Engraving.  A  design  in  two  compartments,  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (1.) 
'politic  mad',  and  the  Duke  (r.)  attending  to  his  infant. 

[i]  The  Duchess  stands  looking  to  the  1.,  her  hair  partly  loosened  and 
streaming  in  the  wind  which  blows  her  petticoats.  She  holds  in  her  r.  hand 
a  long  staff,  on  which  is  the  head  of  Fox,  and  two  pendant  foxes'  brushes; 
on  a  cross-piece  is  the  word  Liberty.  In  her  r.  hand  is  a  ribbon  from  which 
hangs  a  large  flat  ribbon- trimmed  hat ;  in  her  hair  are  ostrich  feathers  (cf. 
No.  6530).  In  her  1.  hand  she  holds  out  a  print  of  ( ?)  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
W.L.,  leaning  against  a  horse.  ^  She  is  saying  A  Prince  should  not  be  limited. 
On  the  ground  at  her  feet  is  a  paper  inscribed  Secret  Influence^  and  a  print 
which  is  copied  in  reverse  from  No.  6520.  A  loosened  garter  hangs 
beneath  her  petticoat  bearing  the  Cavendish  motto,  Cavendo  tutus.  Across 
the  front  of  her  bodice  is  a  large  Fox  favour.  A  bird  stands  on  a  cloud 
above  her  head  saying.  No  Tax  on  Maidenheads  no  Wray.  It  resembles 
a  dove  but  may  be  intended  for  the  bird  ( ?  a  starling)  which  appears  in 
prints  of  the  Duchess  canvassing  the  butchers. 

For  the  attachment  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  to  the  Duchess  see  Wraxall, 
Memoirs,  1884,  v.  370-2,  and  No.  6263. 
9lX7in. 

[2]  The  Duke  sits  on  a  chair,  his  infant  face  downwards  on  his  knee; 
he  appears  to  be  changing  her  napkin ;  clean  towels  hang  over  a  line  beside 
'  It  resembles  Reynolds's  portrait  of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire. 

153 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

him;  at  his  feet  is  the  cradle.  He  is  saying,  This  Work  does  not  suit  my 
Fancy,  Ah  William  every  one  must  be  cursed  that  like  thee  takes  a  Politic 
Mad  Wife.  From  his  coat-pocket  hangs  a  paper,  Letters  to  Married 
Women.  On  the  back  of  his  chair  is  a  ducal  coronet.  On  the  ground  is  a 
paper.  Your  Votes  are  requested  for  C.  J.  Fox.  Beside  the  duke  (1.)  is  a 
round  table  on  which  are  a  tea-pot  and  cup.  On  the  wall  are  his  hat  and 
a  bust  portrait  of  himself  with  horns.  On  a  shelf  are  pieces  of  pottery, 
including  the  headless  figure  of  a  woman.  A  curtain  is  draped  across  the 
upper  r.  corner  of  the  design. 

A  newspaper  paragraph  alleged :  *  While  her  Grace  is  busied  in  canvass- 
ing the  Constituents,  her  domestic  husband  is  employed  in  the  nursery ' 

Westminster  Electiony  p.  234.   Cf.  No.  6546,  &c. 
9jx6}|  in.  Whole  print,  qJ X  14!  in. 

6626  THE  POLITICAL  BOG-HOUSE. 
Pub  24  June  1^84  by  E.  Shirlock  Drury  Lane 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  adaptation  of  No.  5539.  Fox, 
dressed  half  in  tartan,  half  in  blue  and  buff,  sits  in  a  latrine  between  two 
circular  holes,  down  one  of  which  his  1.  leg  is  thrust.  He  says,  /  have  a 
Right  to  two  Seates  in  the  House^  but  damn  me  if  I  know  how  I  shall  get  into 
the  other  however  I  will  make  a  motion  for  the  high  Bailiff.  The  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  approaches  him  (1.)  holding  out  a  purse  and  saying : 

Alass  poor  Fox  I  bewail  your  case 

Take  this  purse  it  will  procure  you  the  place. 

On  the  wall  is  a  thistle  growing  out  of  a  crown  which  is  not  reversed  as 
in  No.  5539. 

Fox's  two  seats  are  the  Orkney  boroughs,  see  No.  6614,  &c.,  and  West- 
minster, from  which  he  was  excluded  by  the  High  Bailiff  pending  the  results 
of  a  scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c.  On  25  May  he  presented  a  petition  to  the 
House  of  Commons  praying  for  an  order  to  the  High  Bailiff  for  an  imme- 
diate return.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxiv.  843  fF. 
8|xii|in. 

6627  PRO   BONO  PUBLICO    THE  POLITICAL   CLUSTER   IN 
TERROREM. 

WD.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  June  25^*  17S4. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  conventional  vine- 
branch  ascends  the  1.  side  of  the  design,  then  turns  at  right  angles ;  from  it 
hangs  a  symmetrical  cluster  of  heads  or  masks  of  Fox  and  his  supporters 
with  closed  eyes;  the  stalk  attaching  it  to  the  branch  is  inscribed  Ripe 
Fruit  for  Old  Nick.  The  central  and  largest  head  is  that  of  Fox.  On  the 
1.  and  r.  and  slightly  lower  are  the  heads  of  North  and  Burke ;  these  three 
are  larger  than  the  remaining  heads.  Between  them  and  beneath  Fox's 
chin  are  Keppel  (1.),  and  (r.)  perhaps  Jack  Lee.  The  apex  of  the  cluster, 
between  the  stalk  and  Fox,  is  Lord  Derby  looking  downwards.  Flanking 
him,  in  profile,  are  Lord  Stormont  (1.)  and  Lord  John  Cavendish  (r.). 
Below  Stormont  and  above  North  is  the  Duke  of  Portland,  in  profile  to  the 
1.   Below  Cavendish  and  above  Burke  is  an  unidentified  profile  having 

154 


POLITICAL  SATIRES   1784 

some  resemblance  to  Carlisle.  The  lowest  point  of  the  cluster  is  the 
mask  of  Sam  House.  Between  this  and  the  heads  of  North  and  Burke  on 
each  side  are  two  small  profiles :  below  North  (1.)  that  of  Hall  the  apothe- 
cary, and  between  Hall  and  House  the  hideous  profile  of  the  Westminster 
Justice  ( }  Kelly),  see  No.  6575,  &c. ;  below  Burke  (r.)  that  of  the  Earl  of 
Surrey,  and  between  Surrey  and  House  that  of  Powys. 

On  the  ground  at  the  foot  of  the  vine-branch  and  beneath  the  cluster 
is  a  pile  of  objects  inscribed  Trophies.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  pair  of 
crutches  inscribed  Patriotic  Props,  In  the  centre  of  the  base  of  the  pile  are 
(1.)  a  fox's  brush  inscribed  Euphorbium  (an  allusion  to  the  *sneezing-bag* 
thrown  at  Fox,  see  No.  6426,  &c.)  and  (r.)  a  mask  of  the  faces  of  Fox  and 
North  inscribed  Coalition  imitated  from  The  Mask  by  Sayers,  see  No.  6234. 
On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  document  inscribed  (Economy  (but  the  word  scored 
through)  24,0001.  P^  Annum;  against  it  lie  a  pair  of  spectacles,  emblems 
of  Burke  and  the  meagre  results  of  his  Bill  of  Economical  Reform  (cf. 
No.  5657).  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  pestle  (inscribed  Capricum,  Capricum) 
and  mortar  and  another  pair  of  spectacles,  emblems  of  Hall  the  apothecary. 
Beside  the  pestle  is  a  document  inscribed  Receipt  Tax,  an  unpopular 
measure  of  the  Coalition  (see  No.  6243,  &c.)  which  was  dropped  by  Pitt;  a 
flag  inscribed  J^fy  27^*,  a  gibe  at  Keppel's  conduct  at  the  Battle  of  Ushant 
in  1778  (see  No.  5992,  &c.);  a  paper  inscribed  American  War,  a  gibe  at 
North.  In  the  centre,  lying  against  the  fox's  brush,  is  a  document  inscribed 
India  Bill  (see  No.  6271,  &c.)  and  an  open  book  inscribed  Platonic  Love. 
The  three  remaining  trophies,  at  the  summit  of  the  pile,  are  a  weaver's  shuttle 
inscribed  Weavers,  to  insinuate  that  Fox  had  bribed  Spitalfields  weavers  to 
vote  for  him,  see  No.  6575,  &c. ;  a  laurel  branch,  emblem  of  victory  in  the 
Westminster  Election ;  and  a  butcher's  cleaver  inscribed  Westminster  Elec- 
tion, emblem  of  the  butchers  canvassed  by  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6372. 
i2iX9Jin. 

6628  THE  BABES  IN  THE  WOOD  OR  COALITION  RONDEAU 
Published  June  28 y  1784,  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North  stand  in  the  pillory  on  a  small  platform 
supported  on  a  post  above  the  heads  of  a  circle  of  spectators.  Their  heads 
only  are  confined ;  North  is  in  back- view,  Fox  stands  full-face  looking  to 
the  1.,  his  hands  clasped.  The  spectators  are  T.Q.L. ;  Sam  House  is  con- 
spicuous (1.)  holding  a  foaming  tankard  and  saying,  Come  Charly  here^s 
to  the  Electors  of  Westminster  one  Good  Turn  deserves  another.  A  woman 
in  back-view  holds  a  basket  of  eggs  on  her  hip ;  she  says.  Come  Who'll  buy 
my  Plumpers  Two  a  Penny  Plumpers.  A  man  next  her  (r.)  is  about  to  throw 
an  egg,  saying.  Here  goes  a  Plumper  for  Charly. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Coalition,  see  Nos.  6176-9,  6393,  &c.,  and 
on  the  Westminster  Election,  see  No.  6474,  &c.,  and  Appendix  I. 
12X8^  in. 

6629  IDOL  OF. THE  PEOPLE. 

London  Published  28^^  June  1784,  by  G  Humphrey,  N"  48  Long  Acre. 

Engraving.  A  dragon  with  the  head  of  Fox  (1.)  breaking  in  pieces,  crouches 
on  a  rectangular  pedestal  inscribed  Idol  of  the  People  [these  words  forming 

155 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  title]  Vide  Hist,  of  Bel  &  the  Dragon.  Pitt  (r.)  rams  a  pole  into  the 
mouth  of  Fox  saying,  Behold  Whom  'f  Worshipd.  On  the  corner  of  the 
pedestal,  under  the  dragon's  outstretched  neck,  is  a  pile  of  balls  ('pills'); 
another  pile  is  on  the  ground.  Burke  and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  stand 
behind  the  dragon  watching  its  destruction  with  gestures  and  expressions 
of  grief.  North  (r.),  his  back  to  Pitt,  walks  weeping  away  through  a  door- 
way, a  handkerchief  held  to  his  eye.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 
This  Dragon  long  had  reigned  the  People's  Wonder ^ 
But  Daniel's  Pills  have  made  him  burst  asunder. 

A  satire  on  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition  in  the  general  election,  of.  No. 
6657. 
Six  II  in. 

6630  THE  SAD  AND  DARK  EFFECTS  OF  THE  TAXES  OF  1784 

[?  c.  June  1784] 
[?  S.  Sparrow.] 

Published  by  S.  Sparrow  N°  ly  RosomarHs  Street  Clerkenwell  [Price 
6  pence^] 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  taxes  on  windows,  coal,  soap,  &c.  In  the  fore- 
ground a  small  cart  laden  with  coals  is  drawn  (r.  to  1.)  by  an  ass  harnessed 
in  front  of  an  ox.  A  carter  stands  by  the  ox,  wearing  a  cap  inscribed  No 
tax  upon  Caps ;  he  says : 

/  hope  we  shall  sheam  Measter  P 1 

and  meak  him  to  blush  for  want  of  more  wit. 

The  ass  says.  The  tax  upon  Horses  is  enough  to  make  a  Dumb  Ass  speak. 

Behind  the  coal-cart  is  a  woman  standing  outside  a  cottage  door  (r.),  her 

hands  in  a  wash-tub.   She  says : 

Is  that  Tkf  P 1 1  wish  he  was  nigh 

for  instead  of  the  Soap  he  makes  me  use  Lie. 

A  large  three-storied  house  stands  at  r.  angles  with  the  cottage,  it  has 
a  gabled  pediment.  Out  of  thirty-two  windows  all  but  seven  have  been 
blocked  up.  A  visitor  stands,  one  foot  on  the  doorstep,  pointing  to  a  man 

who  stands  behind  him,  saying.  The  Hon^^'  M'  P 1  desires  to  know 

whether  Esq^  Blockup  is  at  home.  ...  A  servant  in  livery  at  the  door  holds  a 
lighted  candle,  saying,  /  hope  His  Honour  will  excuse  our  darkness  it  is  to 
save  Taxes.  Pitt  (1.)  stands  holding  a  tasselled  cane  and  saying,  /  must 
overlook  it  all  for  necessity  has  no  Law.  A  woman  looks  out  of  the  centre 
window  of  the  top  floor,  saying.  We  have  got  seven  windows  left  now  so  we 
are  not  in  total  darkness. 

Pitt's  budget  speech  of  1784  proposed  {inter  alia)  an  additional  tax  on 
coals  of  3^.  the  chaldron  to  raise  the  general  duty  to  that  paid  in  the  Port 
of  London,  a  10^.  tax  on  saddle-  and  carriage-horses,  exempting  those  used 
for  trade  and  agriculture  (see  No.  6672,  &c.),  a  tax  of  zs.  or  6d.  upon  hats ; 
to  compensate  for  the  reduction  of  the  tea-duties  he  laid  a  window-tax  on 
houses  with  seven  windows  and  over  which  were  rated  to  the  house-tax, 
explaining  that  a  household  paying  10s.  6d.  for  window-tax  (on  a  ten- 
windowed  house)  would  consume  7  lb.  of  tea  and  be  saved  the  whole  duty 
of  7^.  per  lb.,  a  net  saving  of  1 55. 4^.  Pari.  Hist.y  xxiv.  1008  ff .,  1026  ff.  This 
was  known  as  the  Commutation  Tax,  see  No.  6634,  &c. 

*  Added  in  ink. 

'56 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

The  soap-tax  had  been  proposed  in  North's  budget  in  1782  and  accepted 
by  the  Rockingham  Ministry,  see  No.  5968,  &c.  The  coal-tax  was  given 
up  (7  July)  as  it  was  found  injurious  to  industry,  ibid.,  p.  1215.  These 
taxes  became  a  popular  subject  of  graphic  satire  in  the  absence  of  other 
topics,  cf.  No.  6671  and  index  s.v.  Taxation. 

The  print  perhaps  relates  to  an  incident  of  1785 :  Jenkinson  blocked  up 
a  number  of  windows  at  his  country  house,  Addiscombe  Place,  near 
Croydon,  see  No.  6940.   For  Pitt  as  a  visitor  to  Jenkinson  cf.  No.  6801. 
SJxisJin. 

6631  PUBLIC  INFLUENCE,  OR  A  SCRAMBLE  FOR  CORONETS, 

from  an  Original  Design  by  a  Young  Man 

SC  Fecit.   [PCollings.] 

Puh.  by  G.  Lister  i.  July  1784, 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  Frontispiece  to  the  first  ( ?  the  only)  number 
of  the  Court  and  City  Magazine^  (see  also  No.  6632),  illustrating  'The 
Levee :  or.  The  Minister  bestowing  his  Favours'.  Pitt  stands  (r.)  receiving 
a  crowd  of  suppliants,  on  whom  he  is  bestowing  coronets ;  they  are  ugly, 
slovenly,  and  of  plebeian  appearance.  The  foremost  kneels  obsequiously, 
his  hands  crossed  on  his  breast,  saying.  My  Wife  longs  to  be  a  Lady.  Without 
a  Coronet  I  cannot  satisfy  her.  Behind  him  a  man,  wearing  top-boots  and 
walking  with  a  crutch,  holds  out  his  hand  towards  Pitt  saying,  This  will 
ennoble  my  blood.  Pitt,  holding  out  a  viscount's  coronet,  says,  /  make  no 
Bargain,  but  I  expect  Gratitude.  Of  the  others,  one  (resembling  Wilkes) 
says,  ril  thank  you,  even  for  a  barony ;  another.  Give  me  a  Coronet,  or  I  declare 
hostillities.  Behind  stands  a  satisfied  suppliant,  wearing  a  baron's  coronet 
in  a  swaggering  attitude,  hands  on  hips,  saying,  I  feel  myself  a  Lord.  In  the 
background  three  new  peers  in  back-view  wearing  coronets  (an  earl 
between  two  barons),  are  walking  away  through  a  doorway.  Pitt  stands 
in  front  of  a  small  round  table  on  which  are  two  coronets  and  a  star.  On 
the  walls  are  two  pictures:  a  profile  bust-portrait  of  the  king  inscribed 
Jure  Divino  and  a  genealogical  tree  inscribed  Genealogy  of ...  . 

New  peers  created  in  May  and  June  were  Lord"  Lonsdale  (see  No.  6579) 
and  four  barons :  Grey  de  Wilton,  Sommers,  Berwick,  Sherborne.  There 
were  also  promotions,  and  English  titles  were  given  to  Irish  and  Scottish 
peers.  For  Pitt's  peerages  see  also  Nos.  6603,  7149,  7183,  7480,  7495,  7623, 
8061,  8154.  Ann.  Reg.y  1784-5,  pp.  212  ff.;  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii. 
351-9;  A.  S.  Turberville,  in  History,  xxi.  350  ff.  (March  1937). 

7ix9i|in. 

6632  THE  VIOLENT  ATTACK,  OR  THE  DISCHARGE  OF  WATER 
ARTILLERY 

SC,  Fecit.   [PCollings.] 

Pub.  I.  July,  1784,  by  G.  Lister. 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  Plate  in  The  Court  and  City  Magazine,  p.  7, 
see  No.  6631.   George  III  (1.)  seated  on  a  throne  with  Thurlow  and  Pitt 

*  The  plates  appear  to  have  been  the  raison  d'etre  of  the  magazine,  which  is 
'Number  i.  Price  6d.  (To  be  continued  the  First  of  every  Month)'  and  is  'Embel- 
lished with  Two  large  Quarto  Copper-Plates,  most  beautifully  coloured,  each  of 
which  is  superior  to  those  which  are  sold  for  One  Shilling  and  Sixpence  at  any 
of  the  Printsellers  shops  in  London  .  .  .'. 

157 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

beside  him,  while  Fox,  Burke,  and  North  squirt  water  at  him,  which  is 
intercepted  by  Pitt.  Fox  (r.)  discharges  with  vigour  the  contents  of  a  large 
syringe  at  the  king,  saying.  Take  this  for  robbing  me  of  India  (cf.  No.  6368, 
&c.).    Pitt  interposes  his  person  and  hands;  he  turns  to  the  king,  saying, 

/  am  young  and  able  to  defend  your  M y  from  their  dirty  Attacks.   The 

king  says,  /  require  no  more  than  my  constitutional  Weight  in  the  Scale. 
Thurlow,  standing  behind  the  throne,  says.  Prerogative  is  not  to  be  squirted 
away.  Burke  stands  on  Fox's  r.  also  discharging  his  syringe,  saying.  Suppose 
we  charge  our  Squirts  with  Aqua-fortis?  Behind  Fox,  and  on  the  extreme 
r.,  is  North,  holding  a  syringe  and  saying.  Can't  we  storm  the  Treasury y  my 
Rt.  hon  Friend?  The  king's  throne  is  merely  a  small  arm-chair  on  the 
back  of  which  is  a  crown.  He  is  seated  on  a  dais  of  one  very  low  step, 
probably  symbolic  of  the  limitations  of  the  prerogative. 

The  addresses  to  the  king  (Jan.  to  April  1784),  see  No.  6445,  &c.,  had 
shown  the  unpopularity  of  the  Foxite  attitude  to  the  prerogative,  cf.  Nos. 
6380,  &c.,  6657. 

6i|X9jin. 

6633  THE  D SS  PURCHASING  A  BRUSH.  [i  July  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  A  chimney-sweep  stands 
between  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.)  and  another  lady  who  are  can- 
vassing for  Fox.  The  Duchess,  who  wears  a  riding-habit,  puts  her  hand 
on  his  shoulder  saying,  /'//  give  you  thirty  Guineas  for  your  Brush.   The 

other,  probably  intended  for  Lady  Duncannon,  says.  Let  her  G e  have 

a  good  Brush.  The  scene  is  Covent  Garden ;  behind  the  Duchess  (r.)  is  the 
back  of  a  coach. 

A  satire  (alleging  bribery)  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire for  Fox,  see  No.  6493,  &c. 

6634  CATLAP  FOR  EVER,  OR  THE  SMUGGLER'S  DOWNFAL. 
[W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Mount  Oxford  Road.  July  9'*  1784, 

Engraving.  Pitt  addresses  a  crowd  of  women  in  Leadenhall  Street  outside 
the  India  Office,  on  his  measure  to  reduce  the  duty  on  tea  in  order  to 
prevent  smuggling.  He  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  on  a  tea-chest,  which 
rests  on  the  back  of  Fox  who  lies  prone.  All  the  women  except  the  fore- 
most are  of  the  poor  and  disreputable  sort ;  the  foremost,  who  is  stout  and 
whose  hair  is  fashionably  dressed,  may  be  intended  for  Mrs.  Hobart  but 
more  probably  for  a  bawd.  Pitt  says:  Ladies^  notzvithstanding  I  secure 
universal  approbation  by  reducing  the  price  of  Tea^  a  weedy  so  nourishing  that 
it  may  be  called  the  Manna  of  Females j  I  shall  in  good  timCy  turn  the  waste 
Lands  into  Juniper  grounds^  that  you  may  never  be  in  want  of  a  drop  of  Gin, 
to  comfort  your  Bowels  and  reconcile  you  to  the  loss  of  Day  lights  Fire-light 
&  Candle  light.  Behind  Pitt  (1.)  stands  Sam  House,  shaking  his  fist  and 
saying.  Dam  your  Catlap — give  us  Windows^  Coals  and  Candles^  or  my  eyes 
and  limbSy  Til  thump  Your  bread-basket.  Fox,  whose  head  is  close  to  Sam's 
feet,  says,  Push  him  off,  Sam^  or^  he'll  squeeze  my  lights  out.  The  foremost 
woman  says,  Billy  for  ever.  Huzza!  The  next,  who  wears  a  ragged  apron, 

158 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

says,  Bless  the  little  Cock  of  Wax.  One  behind  says,  Give  us  glorious  Gin 
and  then  you'll  be  a  greater  man  than  your  Father.  The  tea-chest  on  which 
he  stands  is  inscribed  with  quasi-Chinese  characters  and  the  words  Bohea 
Tea  Duty  Free  and  Fast  India  Bill.  The  India  House  (1.)  is  shored  up  by 
two  beams  inscribed  Majority  and  Prerogative  (see  No.  6368,  &c.).  On 
its  cornice  stands  a  spurred  game-cock  saying  Cock  a  doodle  doo. 

For  Pitt's  reduction  of  the  tea-duties  and  substitution  of  a  window-tax 
(Commutation  Tax)  see  Pari.  Hist.,  xxiv.  1008  ff.  (20  June);  for  the  taxes 
on  coals  (withdrawn)  and  candles  see  ibid.,  pp.  1027-9  (3°  June).  Sam 
House  as  a  publican  would  naturally  object  to  cheap  tea  combined  with 
taxes  on  windows,  coals,  and  candles.  Pitt's  India  Bill  was  debated  on 
6  July,  ibid.,  pp.  1085  ff.;  see  Cambridge  Hist,  of  India,  v.  200  ff.  (cf.  No. 
6462).  For  the  taxes  see  Nos.  6630,  6649,  6671,  6672,  6773,  6778,  6781, 
6794,  6800,  6914,  6940,  6962,  7083,  7339,  7386,  7389,  7480,  7670. 

Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  647. 

iiJX9|in. 

6634  A  Another  impression,  Mount's  imprint  obliterated,  Pu¥  July  9 
iy84  by  H  Humphrey  AT^  51  New  Bond  Street. 

6635  PAUL  BEFORE  FELIX  OR  THE  HIGH  BAILIF  DISCON- 
CERTED 

Pub.  by  S  W  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly  July  14  iy84 

Engraving.  The  Westminster  scrutiny  in  process :  Corbett,  High  Bailiff  of 
Westminster,  in  the  chair,  seated  full-face  at  the  head  of  an  oval  table. 
Fox  stands  in  the  foreground  (1.)  declaiming,  his  right  arm  raised,  fist 
clenched ;  he  says :  /  Pledge  myself  to  pursue  and  bring  this  man  to  Answer  the 
Mischiefs  occasioned  by  his  Timerity  and  his  obstinacy  and  I  will  bring  all  the 
Orkneys  and  every  friend  of  Charles  Stuart  to  support  me.  He  wears  High- 
land dress,  tartan  coat,  kilt,  stockings,  and  plaid  with  a  sporran,  to  signify 
that  he  was  M.P.  for  the  Orkney  boroughs,  see  No.  6614,  &c.  On  the 
table  in  front  of  him  is  an  open  book.  Eloquence  or  the  Art  of  making  wrong 
appear  right.  Next  to  Fox  is  a  lawyer  in  wig  and  gown,  writing  on  A  List  of 

Lodgers  Votes  in  &  out  of  Vest r.  Next  him  and  on  the  r.  hand  of  the 

High  Bailiff  is  another  man  writing.  On  the  Bailiff's  1.  hand  two  men  are 
seated  at  the  table,  one  is  writing  on  a  List  of  Bawdy  House  Keepers  in 

West r  (cf.  No.  6547).   All  four  men  are  holding  their  noses.   A  man 

standing  behind  (1.)  says.  This  business  stinks  horribly.  A  man  behind  on  the 
r.,  with  a  drink-bloated  profile,  says,  /  can  smell  how  matters  goe.  The  High 
Bailiff,  his  mouth  firmly  closed,  his  eyes  turned  towards  Fox,  appears  to 
be  saying  1. 1. 1. am.  .  .  .   Before  him  is  a  paper :  A  political  Plan  from  the 

Present  M y  [Ministry].    Beneath  the  design  is  etched:  And  as  he 

reasoned  of  the  Electors,  the  Elected,  and  Judgment  to  come  Felix  trembled. 

Fox  delivered  a  protest  to  the  High  Bailiff:  'Before  I  go  upon  the  business 
of  this  scrutiny  I  do  hereby  solemnly  protest  against  its  legality,  and 
reserve  to  myself  the  right  of  impeaching  it  hereafter,  either  in  any  Court 
of  Judicature,  or  before  a  committee  of  the  House  of  Commons  under 
M^  Grenville's  Act :  And  I  hereby  also  declare,  that  I  reserve  to  myself  the 
right  of  Suing  the  High  Bailiff  for  all  the  expences,  or  the  double  of  them, 
which  are  drawn  upon  me  by  this  illegal  act  in  the  appointment  of  this 

159 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

scrutiny.  C.  J.  Fox.'  The  scrutiny  was  conducted  in  the  Vestry  room  of 
St.  Ann's,  Soho,  with  one  counsel  for  the  High  Bailiff,  two  each  for  Fox 
and  Wray,  and  three  scrutineers  on  each  side.  The  proceedings  were 
public  and  were  reported  in  the  newspapers.  London  Chronicle^  12  June, 
17  June,  &c. ;  Westminster  Election^  2nd  ed.,  1785,  p.  553.  For  the  scrutiny 
see  also  No.  6553,  &c. ;  for  lodger  votes,  Nos.  6492,  6557. 

7|XiiJin. 

6636  THE  DANCING  DOGS,  AS  PERFORMED,  AT  SADLER'S 
WELLS,  WITH  UNIVERSAL  APPLAUSE. 

W.D,   [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  direct^  by  A,  Aitken^  Drury  Lane,  July  14*^  1784. 
Pu¥  July  14  1784  by  H  Humphrey  N^  51  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  The  Devil  seated  (1.)  plays  a  fiddle  to  which  three  dogs,  with 
the  heads  of  Fox,  Burke,  and  North,  dance  on  their  hind  legs.  Fox  (1.), 
wearing  an  oriental  turban  and  a  collar  inscribed  Carlo  KhaUy  has  a  fox's 
brush  inscribed  Reform.  Burke  (c),  with  the  body  of  a  lean  spotted  dog, 
wears  spectacles  and  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026)  and  his  own  tight 
pig-tail  queue;  his  collar  is  inscribed  S*  Omer.  His  thin  tail  is  inscribed 
OEconomy.  He  faces  Fox,  his  back  to  North,  who  has  a  fat,  spotted  body, 
wearing  a  lady's  muslin  cap ;  his  collar  inscribed  Boreas  and  his  tail  Virtue. 
The  Devil  says,  Fll  make  you  dance  ye  Dogs  my  Fiddle  de  dee. 

The  name  Carlo  Khan  was  given  to  Fox  by  Sayers's  famous  print  on  the 
India  Bill,  see  No.  6276.  Fox  supported  Sawbridge's  motion  for  Reform 
on  16  June  1784,  cf.  No.  6671.   For  the  dancing  dogs  cf.  No.  6715. 

7|Xi3ftin. 

6637-6643 

A  set  of  W.L.  portraits  by  Sayers  of  members  of  both  Houses  of  Parlia- 
ment (cf.  Nos.  6052-77,  7290-4). 

6637  [VISCOUNT  STORMONT.] 

JSf 

Published  by  jfa'  Bretherton  14*^  July  1784 

Engraving.    Stormont  stands,  r.  hand  on  hip,  1.  thrust  in  his  waistcoat, 
wearing  the  ribbon  of  the  Thistle  and  a  sword. 

6itX4/6in.  (pi.). 

6638  [VISCOUNT  KEPPEL.] 
JSf 

Published  y'^  14^^  July  1784  by  James  Bretherton 

Engraving.   Keppel  in  admiral's  uniform,  holding  his  hat  in  his  r.  hand, 
his  1.  hand  in  his  waistcoat-pocket,  stands  full-face,  looking  slightly  to 
the!. 
6i|X43^in.  (pi.). 

160 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

6639  [CHARLES  WOLFRAN  CORNWALL.] 

JSf. 

Published  14*^  July  1^84  by  Ja'  Bretherton 

Engraving.  Cornwall  stands  in  his  Speaker's  wig  and  robes ;  his  chair  and 
a  raised  dais  are  indicated  behind  him.  He  looks  to  the  r.,  holding  out  his 
hat  in  his  1.  hand.  Beneath  his  feet  are  the  words  Order ^  Order,  pray  Order. 

6iiX4]fein.(pl.). 

6640  [VISCOUNT  SYDNEY.] 

JSf 

Published  by  Ja'  Bretherton  14*^  July  1^84 

Engraving.  Sydney,  Pitt's  Secretary  of  State  for  the  Home  Department, 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his  hat  held  out  in  his  r.  hand,  his  1.  on  his  sword. 
6iiX4Ain.  (pi.). 

6641  [JOHN  LEE.] 

ysf 

Published  by  Ja'  Bretherton  14^^  July  1784 

Engraving.  Lee,  M.P.  for  Clithero,  stands  with  his  arms  folded,  looking  1. 
He  had  been  Attorney- General  from  19  Nov.  to  26  Dec.  1783,  and  was 
noted  for  his  remark  on  charters,  see  No.  6364. 

6iiX4^in.(pl.). 

6642  [THOMAS  POWYS] 
JSf 

Published  14  July  1784  by  Ja'  Bretherton 

Engraving.  Powys,  M.P.  for  Northamptonshire,  stands  in  profile  to  the 
1.  bending  forward,  both  hands  extended.  The  very  melancholy  expression 
in  this  and  other  prints  is  consistent  with  his  practice  of  prefacing  his 
speeches  *on  occasions  of  great  interest,  by  a  copious  discharge  of  tears, 
which  he  seemed  to  command  at  will',  Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  iii.  280. 
See  No.  6413,  &c. 

6i|X4Ain.  (pi.). 

6643  [VISCOUNT  BEAUCHAMP.] 
JSf 

Published  14^^  July  1784  by  Ja^  Bretherton 

Engraving.  Francis  Se3nmour  Conway  (i 743-1 822),  M.P.  for  Oxford, 
eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Hertford,  stands  looking  slightly  over  his  1. 
shoulder,  his  head  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  a  document  in  his  r.  hand, 
his  1.  hand  on  his  hip. 

61-1X4^  in.  (pi.). 

161  M 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6644  [FOX,  PITT  AND  THURLOW.^] 

London  Published  as  the  Act  directs  July  24  1784 

Engraving.  Thurlow  as  Balaam,  riding  (r.  to  I.)  on  an  ass  with  the  head 
of  Pitt,  is  confronted  by  Fox  (1.)  holding  a  sword  with  a  serpentine  blade 
and  the  shield  of  Britannia.  The  ass  says,  Am  not  I  thy  Pitt=ifull  Ass; 
upon  which  thou  hast  ridden  ever  since  I  was  thine.  Thurlow,  on  a  larger 
scale  than  Fox  and  the  ass,  which  is  much  overweighted,  wears  his 
Chancellor's  wig  and  gown  and  holds  his  mace  against  his  r.  shoulder ;  he 
looks  fixedly  at  Fox.  A  low  and  irregular  stone  wall  forms  a  background. 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched  : 

And  they  came  unto  Balaam  and  said  unto  him^  thus  saith  Balak  the 
TempleitCy  let  nothing,  I  pray  thee,  hinder  thee  from  coming  unto  me,  for  I 
will  promote  thee  unto  very  great  honour,  and  I  will  do  whatsoever  thou  say  est 
unto  me:  come  therefore  I  pray  thee,  curse  me  this  People. 

Balaam  rose  up  in  the  Morning  and  saddled  his  Ass,  and  went  with  the 
Lords  of  the  Bed-Chamber,  now  the  Man  of  the  People  stood  in  the  way  for 
an  adversary  against  him,  and  when  the  Ass  saw  the  Man  of  the  People,  he 
fell  down  under  Balaam  and  Balaam's  anger  was  kindled;  and  he  smote  the 
Ass  with  the  Mace. 

The  satire  has  little  relation  to  the  political  situation.  For  Thurlow*s 
part  in  negotiating  between  the  king  and  Pitt  cf.  No.  7502.  For  hostility 
between  Pitt  and  Thurlow  see  No.  8096,  &c. ;  for  Temple  see  No.  6417,  &c. 
7JXi3in. 

6645  BLACK-BEARD  .  GOING  .  TO  .  COVER 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  Directs  by  J.  Brown  July  24*^  1784 

Engraving.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  Fox  as  a  mare  and  a  stallion. 
Burke  (1.)  as  a  groom  holds  by  a  halter  the  mare,  whose  head  is  that  of  the 
Duchess  wearing  ostrich  feathers  (cf.  No.  6530).  A  groom,  whose  head 
is  hidden  behind  the  body  of  the  animal,  leads  the  stallion,  which  has  the 
head  of  Fox  in  profile  to  the  1.  and  a  fox's  brush,  towards  the  mare.  Burke 
says  to  the  other  groom,  She  takes  it  kindly  my  Lord. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  canvassing  of  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire, 
see  No.  6493,  &c.  Cf.  an  election  squib,  published  as  an  advertisement, 
12  Apr.  1784:  *To  all  canvassing  Duchesses  and  Ladies.  To  Cover  this 
Season  .  .  .  that  in-famous  StalHon,  called  Carlo  Khan  [see  No.  6276].  .  . .' 
Westminster  Election,  p.  103. 

Similar  in  manner  and  character  to  No.  6646. 
6Jx8fin. 

6646  THE  WESTR  STALLION  WILL  COVER  THIS  SEASON  AT 
ONE  GUINEA  THE  LEAP  AND  FIVE  SHILLINGS  THE  GROOM. 

[c.  July  1784] 
/.  Brown 

Pub  as  the  Act  Directs  by  I  Brown  Silver  S^  Golden  Sq'^ 

Engraving.  A  horse  gallops  (1.  to  r.)  with  the  head  of  Fox  and  a  fox's 
brush.  On  it  is  a  tartan  horse-cloth  to  indicate  that  Fox  was  M.P.  for  the 
Orkney  boroughs,  see  No.  6614,  &c.  Behind  (r.)  is  a  brick  wall  on  which 

'  Title  probably  cut  off. 

162 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

is  a  bill  inscribed,  Discord  got  by  VolponCy  and  Volpone  was  got  by  the  Scotch 

peasant  his . 

Similar  in  manner  and  character  to  No.  6645. 
6x9iin. 

6647  THE  U******'S  [VICEROY]  INTRODUCTION  AT  ST  J***S'S 
[JAMES'S]  WITH  A  NEW  SUIT  OF  IRISH  MANUFACTURE 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  I  Crookshanks  No  5J,  Stanhope  Street^ 
Clare  Market.  July  26,  1784, 

Engraving.  The  king  descends  the  steps  of  his  throne  to  receive  a  tarred 
and  feathered  man  who  is  being  led  towards  him  by  Pitt.  The  victim, 
whose  hands  and  face  only  are  free  from  feathers,  advances  (r.  to  1.),  his 
r.  hand  in  Pitt's  1.  He  is  the  Duke  of  Rutland,  appointed  Lord  Lieutenant 
of  Ireland  by  Pitt,  11  Feb.  1784.  He  says.  Is  this  usagCy  Sire t  for  the  Repre- 
sentative  of  Majesty  ?  You  might  as  well  have  sent  me  to  govern  a  Madhouse! 
Pitt  turns  towards  him,  saying,  Let  not  your  noble  spirit  be  cast  down.  Your 
gracious  Master  shall  revenge  this  insult.  The  king  advances  with  out- 
stretched arms,  saying,  My  second  self  in  this  pickle!  Wild  Irish  indeed!  But 
my  Military  Hounds  will  soon  run  the  frantic  Devils  down.  The  throne  is 
raised  on  a  dais  of  three  steps,  from  the  lowest  of  which  the  king  is  step- 
ping; on  its  seat  are  the  orb  and  sceptre;  the  back  is  ornamented  by  two 
carved  cherubs  holding  a  crown.  Behind,  looking  round  a  doorway,  are 
the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Fox,  laughing.  The  Prince  says.  His  Plumage  does 
not  seem  to  sit  easy  on  him^  Charley.  Fox  answers,  /  honor  the  People  for 
their  spirit;  it  will  teach  him  to  keep  a  civil  tongue  in  his  head. 

During  the  spring  of  1784  there  was  much  unrest  in  Dublin  arising  from 
the  defeat  of  a  bill  for  protective  duties  on  Irish  manufactures;  strike- 
breakers and  others  were  tarred  and  feathered,  see  No.  6650.  *The  Duke 
of  Rutland  was,  on  his  first  appearance  at  the  theatre,  hooted  and  insulted 
as  if  he  had  been  a  Verres. .  .  .*,  Hardy,  Memoirs  of  the  Earl  of  Charlemont^ 
1812,  ii.  146.  See  also  Lecky,  Hist.  ofEngland^  1887,  vi.  359.  For  Fox  and 
Ireland  see  No.  6659,  &c. 
8ixi2|in. 

6648  THE  HONBLE  CHAS  lAMES  F— X  RECEIVING  THE  FREE- 
DOMS OF  THE  DIFFERENT  COMPANIES  &  CITY  OF  LONDON 

Pu¥  2  y  July  1784  by  J.  Parry  London 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  deprecatingly,  attacked  by  members  of  City  Com- 
panies. A  stout  liveryman  of  the  Apothecaries'  Company  (r.)  squirts  the 
contents  of  a  syringe  at  his  forehead,  while  a  man  next  him  says.  This  will 
enable  you  to  make  Motions  with  Ease ;  behind  him,  on  the  extreme  r.  is 
a  man  holding  a  pennant  inscribed  Worshipfull  Company  of  Apothecaries. 
On  Fox's  1.  a  liveryman  of  the  Grocers'  Company  is  kicking  him,  saying. 
We  can  give  you  a  Thousand  good  Reasons  [probably  intended  for  a  pun  on 
raisins,  cf.  No.  6010]  for  presenting  [you'^^  this  Freedom.  Behind  him  is  a 
man  holding  a  pennant  inscribed  Wor^  Company  of  Grocers.  A  man  stand- 
ing behind  Fox  pokes  at  his  1.  cheek,  saying.  This  Sir  is  the  Freedom  of 
us  Barbers  \  behind  him  is  a  man  holding  a  pennant  inscribed  Worsh} 

'  Inserted  in  ink. 
163 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Company  of  Barbers.  On  Fox's  r.  the  Lord  Mayor  faces  him  with  clenched 
fists,  saying,  Sir  I  present  you  the  Freedom  of  the  City  in  this  Box.  His  train- 
bearer  holds  up  his  long  furred  livery  gown.  Behind  the  Mayor  is  a  man 
with  a  stick  raised  to  strike  Fox,  and  also  the  City  Mace-bearer  with  the 
mace  over  his  shoulder.  On  the  extreme  1.  are  two  men  in  the  uniform  of 
the  City  militia  carrying  muskets ;  one  says,  WeHl  present  him  with  Boxs 
Enough.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  man  holding  a  pennant  inscribed  Wor 
Compy  of  Taylors  and  saying  trim  him  till  his  Backside  make  buttons.  The 
attackers  all  wear  furred  livery  gowns. 

Fox's  India  Bill  had  made  him  unpopular  in  the  City,  cf.  No.  6285.  The 
Lord  Mayor,  1783-4,  was  Robert  Peckham.  Cf.  No.  6567. 
13x71  in. 

6649  THE  MEETING  OF  PARLIAMENT.  [?  c.  Aug.  1784] 
W.D.   [Dent.] 

Sold  by  W  Humphrey. 

Engraving.  A  pugilistic  encounter  between  Fox  (1.)  and  Pitt  (r.),  the 
former's  backer  being  North,  the  latter's  Pepper  Arden.  All  four  stand 
with  clenched  fists;  the  two  combatants  are  stripped  to  the  waist  and 
blood  is  indicated  on  their  fists  and  persons.  North  says.  Touch  him  about 
the  Lights  brother  Charley — Fll  warrant  he'll  be  glad  to  commute  with  you — 
and  ril  cool  Master  Pepper.  Arden,  in  legal  wig  and  gown,  says.  Courage 
Billy i  zounds! — dont  be  afraid^  me  Dispatch — the  Law  is  on  your  side — . 

The  Commutation  Act  was  Pitt's  measure  for  reducing  the  tea  duties 
to  prevent  smuggling  and  reduce  prices  and  in  compensation  to  put  addi- 
tional duties  on  windows  or  ^lights'.   Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  1374  ff.  (i  Aug. 
1784).  See  No.  6634,  &c. 
7i|xi2iin. 

6650  TARRING  AND  FEATHERING     THE  REWARD  OF  THE 
ENEMIES  OF  IRELAND  [i  Aug.  1784^] 

American  Inven*  Hibernia  Fecit 

Engraving.  From  the  Hibernian  Magazine y  1784,  p.  345.  A  man  who  has 
been  stripped  of  all  clothes  (including  his  wig)  except  his  breeches  kneels 
on  one  knee  in  profile  to  the  r.  holding  up  his  hands  in  supplication.  Four 
persons  are  about  to  tar  and  feather  him.  A  man  holding  a  large  brush 
says  to  him.  This  will  teach  you  Humanity  for  Thousands  of  Starving  Manu- 
facturers, driven  almost  to  Desperation,  by  the  United  efforts  of  Foreign  <Sf 
Domestic  Enemies.  A  man  holding  a  bucket  inscribed  For  the  Enemies  of 
Ireland  says  Anoint  him  well — I  have  tar  enough  for  the  whole  tribe — 
Parasites,  PI — ce  men  Pens — onrs,  mock  Patriots,  Paragraphers — Black- 
guards and  all — and  a  Speedy  Exportation  to  the  whole — Hurra,  Boys, 
Hurra!  Behind  the  victim  stands  a  man  with  a  bag  of  feathers  inscribed 
Real  Irish  Cloathingfor  Apostate  Patriots  &c.  &c.  He  says: 
Was  not  you  very  dull,  when  you  took  off  our  Wool 

To  leave  us  so  mu£h  of  the  leather,  the  leather 
It  ne'er  enterd  your  Pate,  that  a  Sheeps-skin  well  beat 

Would  rouze  a  whole  Nation  together,  together. 

^  The  plate  is  misplaced  in  the  B.M.L.  copy  of  the  magazine,  as  p.  345  occurs 
twice. 

164 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Behind  stands  a  woman  holding  feathers ;  she  says :  You  shall  be  well 
fledg'dy  Tho'  I  strip  my  old  Gander  for  it. 

Behind  the  figures  is  a  bleaching-green  where  linen  is  hung  up  on  lines 
supported  by  posts.  The  adjacent  buildings  (r.)  are  evidently  connected 
with  the  industry. 

Opposite  the  plate  is  printed:  *The  distressed  Manufacturers  of  Ireland, 
being  drove  to  Desperation  by  the  Rejection  of  protecting  Duties,  have 
adopted  the  Example  set  them  by  their  American  Brethren  [cf.  No.  5232] 
of  tarring  and  feathering  such  Persons  as  refuse  to  enter  into  a  Non- 
importation and  Non-consumption  Agreement,  judging  that  Measure  the 
only  Expedient  to  save  this  oppressed  kingdom  from  Poverty  and  Wretched- 
ness. .  .  .* 

In  1784,  a  time  of  commercial  distress,  there  was  great  disorder  in 
Dublin  on  account  of  the  rejection  of  proposals  for  protective  taxes  for 
Irish  manufactures.  This  was  supposed  to  have  been  promoted  by  the 
master  manufacturers.  The  unrest  was  almost  limited  to  Dublin.  See 
No.  6647,  &c. 
6ixioJ  in. 

6651  THE  D SS  OF  D ^V E  TASTING  THE  FORBIDDEN 

FRUIT.  [i  Aug.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Ramhler^s  Magazine^  ii.  257.  The  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  and  Fox,  as  Adam  and  Eve  wearing  girdles  of  fig-leaves,  sit 
side  by  side  under  a  tree,  embracing.  North  with  ass's  ears  peeps  at  them 
from  behind  the  tree.  A  serpent  with  the  head  of  Burke,  looking  down  at 
the  pair,  is  coiled  round  the  trunk. 

The  text,  a  dialogue,  refers  to  Fox's  financial  help  from  the  Cavendish 
family,  whose  money  or  generosity  is  now  exhausted.  The  Duchess  makes 
an  'honourable  retreat'  from  Fox.   Cf.  No.  6656,  a  sequel. 

6652  ENGLISH  CREDULITY  OR  THE  CHEVELERE  MORRET 
TAKING  A  FRENCH  LEAVE 

[PCollings.] 

Pu¥  Aug*  J7^*  1784.  by  W.  Wells  N''  132  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  A  satirical  representation  of  the  unsuccessful  attempt  of  the 
Chevalier  de  Moret  to  make  a  balloon  ascent  from  Chelsea,  11  Aug.  1784. 
A  balloon  is  exploding,  and  in  doing  so  has  broken  in  two  a  circular  temple, 
which  from  the  bells  on  its  cornice  appears  to  be  that  of  Folly.  From  the 
centre  of  the  explosion  several  objects  recalling  past  hoaxes  are  being 
propelled  upwards,  together  with  a  circular  balloon  on  which  is  seated 
Moret  the  aeronaut,  looking  down  exultingly  and  holding  up  a  large  bag 
inscribed  Guineas.  His  balloon  is  inscribed  Aero  Statick  Diligence  to 
Ostend  in  a  few  hours.  From  the  lower  pole  of  the  balloon  a  blast  of  air  is 
discharged  inscribed  Gratitude. 

Round  the  balloon  are  emblems  of  credulity :  a  paper  inscribed  Stokwell 
Wonder y  on  which  are  an  overturned  chair,  table,  and  dishes.  For  this  see 
Narrative  of  the  Astonishing  Transactions  at  Stockwelly  1772,  B.M.L.  719, 
c.  17  (which  records  the  manifestations  of  a  poltergeist).  The  figure  of  a 
woman  in  a  nightgown,  surrounded  by  rays,  and  the  words  Cock  Lane 

165 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL-SATIRES 

Ghost  \  for  this  hoax  see  'English  CreduHty,  or  the  Invisible  Ghost*,  No. 
3838  (1762),  and  Boswell's  Jb^/wow,  i.  406.  An  open  book,  Trial  of  Elizabeth 
Cannings  see  No.  321 1,  &c.  A  bottle  from  the  neck  of  which  emerges  a 
Frenchman  with  a  long  queue  resembling  Moret  as  depicted  in  this  print. 
For  the  Bottle  Imp  see  Nos.  3022-7,  5245,  &c.  A  paper  on  which  rabbits 
are  drawn,  inscribed  Rabbit  Woman;  for  the  hoax  of  Mary  Tofts  the 
Rabbit  Woman,  see  No.  1778,  &c. 

The  balloon  explodes  as  it  leaves  a  platform  on  which  the  Temple  of 
Folly  rested.  Over  the  doorway  of  the  temple  is  a  cabalistic  inscription, 
broken  in  half.  In  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the  design  are  the  heads  and 
shoulders  of  North  and  Fox,  their  necks  on  a  level  with  the  top  of  the  plat- 
form. North,  blowing  a  blast  of  air  towards  the  balloon,  says,  Boreas  will 
give  thee  a  Breese.  Fox,  his  eyes  half-closed,  says.  My  dear  Chevelere  thou 
art  a  man  after  mine  own  heart.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Twas  ever  our  superior  cause 
A  Trial  by  our  native  laws. 
Then  let  us  if  we  must  be  bit 
Be  still  the  dupes  of  British  wit. 

The  suggestion  is  that  the  ascent  prepared  by  Moret  was  a  hoax  com- 
parable to  that  of  the  Bottle  Conjurer.  The  balloon,  according  to  the 
London  Chronicle^  was  constructed  of  coarse  and  porous  canvas  and 
attached  to  two  poles ;  a  fire  was  lighted  beneath  it  but  it  remained  stationary. 
The  mob  broke  into  the  grounds  of  the  Star  and  Garter,  where  the 
spectators  who  had  paid  for  admission  had  been  waiting  patiently,  and 
made  a  bonfire  of  the  balloon,  Moret  being  rescued  from  the  mob  by  some 
gentlemen.  This  account  ends,  *this  celebrated  Frenchman  may  boast  of 
having  made  as  many  fools  as  any  bubble  that  ever  was  attempted  for  the 
purpose  of  imposing  on  the  credulity  of  poor  John  Bull,  the  famous  Bottle 
Conjurer  not  excepted!',  London  Chronicle,  12  Aug.  1784.  London  Maga- 
zine, 1784,  ii.  119-20. 

A  print  of  Moret's  machine  (exhibited  at  Pimlico),  an  ornate  circular 
temple  with  bells  hanging  from  the  roof,  to  which  a  small  car  is  attached, 
is  reproduced,  W.  Lockwood  Marsh,  Aeronautical  Prints  &  Drawings, 
1924,  pi.  37  and  p.  20. 
i2iX9iin. 

For  another  English  satire  on  Moret's  fiasco  see  a  reproduction  (coloured) 
of  an  EngHsh  print  in  Grand-Carteret  et  Delteil,  La  Conquete  de  Voir,  19 10 
{hors  texte) : 

THE  NEW  MODE  OF  PICKING  POCKETS  [Aug.  1784] 

Engraving.  A  slim  and  foppish  Frenchman  stands  behind  a  very  fat, 
good-natured  John  Bull,  his  chin  over  the  latter's  r.  shoulder,  his  r.  hand 
in  John's  coat-pocket,  his  1.  pointing  to  a  little  parti-coloured  balloon 
which  floats  upwards  (r.).  He  says :  Monsieur  percieve  you  that  one  great 
Vonder  'tis  one  of  the  greatest  curiosities  dat  ever  de  Vorld  did  see — Hwill  go 
three  thousand  miles  before  de  Sun  set — and  before  tomorrow  zvill  be  in  de  land 
where  de  peoples  live  on  de  air  and  Sunshine,  dat  is  a  great  distance  from 
London  monsieur.  The  balloon  is  inscribed:  To  the  People  and  Sun — dis 
Present  is  made  by  Mons^  Knavette  Balonist  on  Earth.  John  Bull  gazes  up, 
saying,  Tis  wondrous  strange  indeed — these  French  people  are  the  most 
ingenieus  hands  living. 

166 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  crowd  hastening  To  Chelsea  (inscription  on 
signpost).  On  the  r.  is  a  view  of  the  city,  showing  St.  PauPs  and  a  cluster 
of  spires  and  buildings  inscribed :  London  famed  for  fools  Roast  Beef  and 
Plum  Pudding. 

Beneath  the  design  is  the  Frenchman's  satyr-like  head  with  an  inscrip- 
tion issuing  from  his  grinning  mouth:  French  men  Dutch  men  Italians ^ 
Swedes  and  Hungarians  if  you  have  any  Dancing  Bears  Monkies  Camels 
Butterflies  Beetles  Lap  Dogs  or  Baloons  or  any  other  Whims — bring  them  to 
England  and  by  Gar  you  will  be  loved  and  well  paid  for  your  pains— for  de 
English  is  one  great  pack  of  fools — beside  John  de  Britain  is  very  good  tempered 
if  you  can  tell  him  one  very  good  storie  he  mil  belief  you  and  his  pocket  is 
yours.  Cf.  No.  6707. 
6|x6i  in.  B.M.L.  1800.  a.  26. 

6653  THE  RIGHT  REV.  VOLUNTEER  B?  OF  D ^Y 


Published  as  the  Act  directs  Aug'^  30^^  84  and  sold  by  R  Paye  N"  57 
Broad  Street  Gold**  Square 

Stipple.  A  W.L.  portrait  of  Frederick  Augustus  Hervey,  Bishop  of  Derry 
and  Earl  of  Bristol.  His  r.  hand  is  held  out  in  the  attitude  of  an  orator, 
forefinger  extended,  his  1.  hand  is  under  his  apron.  His  head  is  turned  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  his  mouth  open  as  if  speaking.  For  this  plate  with  addi- 
tions, see  No.  6654. 

6iiX5|in. 

A  portrait  (n.d.):  Z)*"  Frederick  Hervey^  Earl  of  Bristol  &  Bishop  of 
Derry,  is  probably  the  original,  perhaps  a  copy  in  reverse,  of  No.  6653.  It 
is  etched  without  (apparent)  satirical  intention. 

6654  THE  RIGHT  REV.  VOLUNTEER  B  OF  D 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Aug'^  30^^  84 

Stipple.  The  same  plate  as  No.  6653  with  additions;  the  publisher's  name 
and  the  final  *y'  of  the  title  being  erased.  In  the  bishop's  r.  hand  is  a  flaming 
fire-brand.  On  his  1.  shoulder  sits  a  small  winged  demon  holding  up  a 
paper  inscribed  An  Arch-Bishoprick. 

Hervey  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  Grand  Convention  of  Volunteers 
in  Dublin  in  Nov.  1783,  as  a  delegate  from  Co.  Derry,  see  No.  6610.  His 
attitude  towards  the  Volunteers  and  Reform  was  regarded  as  seditious: 
Rutland  wrote  to  Pitt,  24  July  1784,  asking  what  measures  should  be  taken 
against  'this  intemperate  mischievous  man'.  Pitt  considered  proceedings 
against  him  likely  to  do  more  harm  than  good.  Correspondence  between 
M^  Pitt  and  the  Duke  of  Rutland,  1890,  p.  24.  For  the  unrest  in  Ireland 
see  Nos.  6647,  6650,  6659,  6671,  6785,  6805. 

For  another  impression,  with  further  additions,  see  No.  6662.  Cf.  No. 
6785,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  494. 

6^X5 J  in. 

6655  PERDITA  UPON  HER  LAST  LEGS.  [i  Sept.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine,  ii.  281.  Mrs.  Robinson 
(Perdita)  (1.)  begs  from  the  Prince  of  Wales  (r.)  who  hands  her  a  purse. 

167 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

She  wears  a  low-cut  dress  in  rags.  They  stand  on  the  pavement  of  a  street ; 
behind  is  a  high  brick  wall  on  which  are  play-bills  headed  Jane  Shore  and 
Florizel  and  Perdita. 

For  the  annuity  secured  for  Perdita  see  No.  63 1 8.  For  her  relations  with 
the  Prince  see  No.  5767,  &c. 

six 3 J  in. 

6656  THE  D SS  AND  THE  MAN  OF  THE  PEO IN  BUFF, 

THO'  NOT  IN  BLUE.  [i  Sept.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler^ s  Magazine^  ii.  314.  A  sequel  to  No.  6651. 
The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  Fox  as  Adam  and  Eve  in  Paradise,  but 
wearing  girdles  of  fig-leaves,  stand  hand  in  hand  in  a  well-furnished  room. 
On  the  wall  are  two  portraits :  a  H.L.  of  (presumably)  the  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire wearing  horns,  and  a  man  and  woman  embracing  on  a  settee.  The 
frame  of  the  latter  is  decorated  with  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers,  presum- 
ably alleging  a  liaison  between  the  Prince  and  the  Duchess,  cf.  No.  6115. 
The  text  quotes  the  five  lines  from  Paradise  Lost  beginning : 
Half  her  swelling  breast  naked  met  his. 
One  of  many  satires  in  1784  on  the  relations  between  Fox  and  the 
Duchess. 

5iX3iin. 

6657  HI  NOSTRI  REDITUS,  EXPECTATIQUE  TRIUMPHI! 

[1784] 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  WhitakeTy  Ave  Maria  Lane, 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  Fox*s  Martyrs^  2nd  edition^  (B.M.L., 
8133.  bb  6).  A  tomb  commemorating  the  fallen  Ministers  and  their 
supporters;  Burke  writes  an  inscription,  while  Sheridan  stands  by  as  a 
gravedigger  with  a  spade.  The  tomb  is  a  large  rectangular  block  sur- 
mounted by  a  pyramid.  On  the  front  and  the  r.  side  lengthy  double- 
columned  inscriptions  are  indicated,  that  on  the  front  beginning  with  the 
only  legible  word,  Representation.  Burke,  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026), 
kneels  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  graving-tool  at  the  end  of  the  inscription  which 
has  reached  to  the  lower  part  of  the  second  column  of  the  face  of  the  monu- 
ment. The  pyramid  is  supported  at  the  corners  on  the  heads  of  ex-Ministers : 
in  the  front.  Fox  (1.)  and  North  (r.) ;  behind  (r.)  a  poorly-characterized  head, 
probably  intended  for  Portland.  Between  the  heads  of  Fox  and  North  are 
engraved  the  words  To  the  memory  of  the  martyred  senators.  Below  this, 
across  the  face  of  the  monument,  is  engraved :  His  saltern  accumulem  donis 
etfungar  inani  Munere. 

Behind  the  monument  on  the  r.  and  partly  hidden  by  it  stands  Sheridan, 
tall  and  slim,  his  r.  hand  resting  on  a  spade,  his  1.  holding  a  paper  inscribed 
School  for  Scandal.  In  front  of  his  spade,  on  an  absurdly  minute  scale, 
bones  and  skulls  are  indicated. 

On  the  face  of  the  pyramid,  enclosed  in  a  rectangle,  is  the  picture  of  a 
fox,  its  front  paws  caught  in  a  trap  beneath  which  is  a  crown,  as  in  No. 
6542.  A  hand  appears  in  the  upper  r.  corner  with  a  finger  pointing  to  the 
words  Guilty  Death. 

The  defeat  of  the  Foxites  in  the  elections  is  attributed  to  the  designs  of 
Fox  on  the  prerogatives  of  the  Crown,  cf.  Nos.  6276,  6380,  6671,  &c. 
'  Reviewed  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  September  1784. 
168 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

Ninety-seven  persons  are  mentioned  in  the  pamphlet,  one  or  two  of  whom 
found  seats  elsewhere.  The  number  of  members  losing  their  seats  was 
generally  said  to  be  160,  most  of  whom  were  of  the  Coalition  party. 

7iX4f  in. 

6658  WAYS  AND  MEANS.  [i  Oct.  1784] 
Engraving.  From  the  Ramhler^s  Magazine.  Fox,  his  r.  hand  in  the  pocket 
of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  turns  towards  the  Duchess,  whose  r.  hand  is 
on  his  shoulder.  He  says.  His  pocket  is  empty y  but  I  have  found  a  Handful 
in  yours.  She  says,  looking  towards  the  Duke,  What  signifies  £60^000  to 
a  Man  of  your  fortune?  The  Duke  says,  You  have  half  ruined  me  to  serve 
that  Fellow.  The  scene  is  a  street;  in  the  background  is  a  high  wall 
between  two  houses. 

One  of  many  prints  implying  that  the  Duchess  lavished  money  in  behalf 
of  Fox  at  the  Westminster  Election,  cf.  No.  6548. 

6659  GRAND  IRISH  AIR  BALLOON, 
W.D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Brown  Rathbone  Place.  Oct"  f^  iy84 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  boat,  in  which  are  Fox,  Burke,  and 
North,  is  attached  by  cords  to  a  round  balloon.  Beneath  it  is  an  apothe- 
cary's pestle  and  mortar,  from  which  ascends  a  cloud  of  the  Patriotic  Gaz 
with  which  the  balloon  has  been  filled ;  the  mortar  is  inscribed  Blue  &  Buff 
Stink-pot.  A  spectator  stands  on  each  side  of  the  mortar :  the  Devil  with 
the  face  of  the  Duke  of  Portland  (1.),  pointing  upwards,  holds  a  knife  with 
which  he  has  cut  the  ropes  of  the  balloon ;  he  says  to  his  vis-k-vis.  Hall,  the 
Foxite  apothecary.  There  they  gOy  Doctor y  a  nice  trim.  Hall  (r.)  looks  at  the 
balloon  through  a  medicine-phial  used  as  a  telescope ;  he  answers,  Aye — 
they'll  do  it — if  that  blind  Jade  J — t — e  [Justice]  dont  overset  them.  The 
balloon  is  inscribed  Oratory ;  on  it  (or  in  it)  are  Hibernia  (1.)  and  Britannia 
(r.).  Hibernia,  holding  her  shield  with  a  crowned  harp,  raises  her  sword 
to  strike  Britannia,  who  defends  herself  with  her  shield  and  spear.  In  the 
open  boat  slung  from  the  balloon  Fox  sits  facing  the  bows  (1.),  holding 
a  pennant  inscribed  Neck  or  Nothing.  A  cannon,  inscribed  Independence y 
projects  over  the  bows.  In  the  centre  sits  Burke  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf. 
No.  6026),  saying.  By  JasuSy  it  will  be  sublime  &  beautiful  to  pop  down 
among  the  Congress.  North  sits  in  the  stern  looking  through  his  eye-glass 
and  holding  the  tiller,  which  is  attached  to  a  rudder  consisting  of  a  large 
book  inscribed  History  of  the  American  War.  The  boat  is  inscribed  New 
flying  Machine  from  Portland  to.  Berry.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  con- 
structed on  the  same  principle  as  the  American  Air  Balloon^  but  containing 
more  inflammable  air  than  any  hitherto  inventedy  designed  by  Monsieur  Le 
Diable  and  executed  under  his  direction  by  Mess*^  Charles  and  Co  in  order  to 
try  experiments  during  the  parliamentary  Recess. 

There  were  rumours,  believed  by  the  Lord  Lieutenant,  Rutland,  that 
Fox  and  his  party  were  fomenting  if  not  causing  the  unrest  in  Ireland  at 
this  time.  Rutland  wrote  to  Pitt,  16  June  1784,  *M^  Fox,  I  am  informed, 
says,  "He  shall  make  his  harvest  from  Ireland  .  .  ."  *  (cf.  No.  6671),  and 

169 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

on  24  July  1784,  *I  ask  myself . .  .,  whether  these  factions  which  the  Duke 
of  Portland's  administration  has  planted  in  this  country  may  not  acquire 
strength  by  placing  the  Bishop  of  Derry  at  the  head  of  the  Papists  and  all 
the  malcontents  who  openly  or  secretly  abet  M^  Fox  and  his  adherents 
here  . .  .  .'  Correspondence  between  M^  Pitt  and  the  Duke  of  Rutland^  1890, 
pp.  22  and  26.  See  Nos.  6647,  6654,  &c.  See  also  No.  6812.  For  the 
^American  Air  Balloon'  cf.  No.  6288. 
ii|x8|in. 

6660  THE  C TON  [CARLTON]  HOUSE  LEVEE. 

[i  Nov.  1784] 

Engraving.    From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.    Four  men,  each  with  a 
courtesan,  sit  round  a  gate-legged  table  on  which  are  glasses  and  a  wine- 
\y  bottle.   The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  sits  on  a  woman's  lap ;  next  him  (r.)  is  a 

man  in  legal  wig  and  bands,  probably  intended  for  Erskine.  Colonel 
Tarleton,  wearing  the  helmet  made  familiar  by  engravings  from  Reynolds's 
portrait,  sits  with  a  woman  who  is  probably  intended  for  Mrs.  Robinson 
(Perdita),  cf.  No.  61 16.  On  the  extreme  r.  sits  Fox,  a  woman  on  his  lap. 
The  king  is  entering  through  a  door  (1.),  immediately  behind  which  is  the 
Prince.  The  room  is  low,  with  a  boarded  floor,  and  no  furniture  except 
table  and  chairs,  but  with  pictures  on  the  wall. 
For  Fox  and  the  Prince  see  No.  6041,  &c. 

3fX5|in. 

6661  MORE  WAYS  THAN  ONE  OR  THE  PATRIOT  TURN'D 
PREACHER. 

[?J.  Boyne.] 

Price  r  Pu¥  Nov'  2^  1^84.  hy  E.  Todd 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  church :  Fox  preaching.  North  as  clerk  sitting 
beneath  him.  Fox  (r.)  in  a  high  pulpit  bends  forward  gesticulating  with 
an  expression  of  unctuous  melancholy;  he  wears  a  plain  coat  and  bands. 
North  sits  in  the  clerk's  desk  immediately  under  the  pulpit,  leaning  back 
with  folded  hands.  Both  are  directed  to  the  1.  A  barrier  separates  the  pulpit 
from  the  congregation;  within  it  in  profile  to  the  1.  stands  Sheridan,  as 
pew-opener,  taking  a  coin  from  a  young  woman  whom  he  is  ogling;  she 
looks  aside  demurely.  Kneeling  devoutly  with  his  elbows  on  the  barrier, 
immediately  opposite  North,  is  Burke  as  an  elderly  woman  in  cap  and 
cloak,  wearing  spectacles.  In  the  background  is  a  square  pillar  supporting 
two  arches  which  are  partly  visible.  In  front  of  the  pillar  are  members  of 
the  congregation.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

How  spruce  tvill  N th  beneath  thee  sit! 

With  Joy  officiate  as  thy  Clark/ 
Attune  the  Hymn^  renounce  his  Wit, 

And  carol  like  the  Morning  Lark! 

To  Comick  Richard,  ever  true. 

Be  it  assigned  the  Curs  to  lash. 
With  ready  Hand  to  ope  the  Pew, 

With  ready  Hand  to  take  the  Cash, 

170 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

For  thee,  O  beauteous  and  sublime! 

What  Place  of  Honour  wilt  thou  find  ? 
To  tempt  with  Money  were  a  Crime; 

Thine  are  the  Riches  of  the  Mind. 

Clad  in  a  Matron's  Cap  and  Robe, 
Thou  shalt  assist  each  withered  Crone; 

Andy  as  the  piercing  Threat  shall  probe, 
BeH  thine  to  lead  the  choral  Groan! 

S*  James's  Chron'  Oct""  21 

A  satire  on  the  fall  of  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6399,  &c.  For  Fox  as 
preacher  see  p.  152. 

See  Wright,  Caricature  History  of  the  Georges,  pp.  399-401,  where 
eleven  more  verses  are  given. 
ioJX9iin. 

6662  THE  IRISH  PATRIOT 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Nov'  5'*  84  [name  erased] 

Stipple.  Hervey,  Bishop  of  Derry  and  Earl  of  Bristol.  An  impression 
from  the  same  pi.  as  No.  6654,  with  further  additions.  A  rectangular 
altar,  on  which  the  title  is  etched,  has  been  placed  on  the  ground  (1.) 
beneath  the  arm  holding  the  firebrand.  The  simple  shading  under  the  feet 
has  been  altered  to  suggest  grass,  &c.,  and  in  the  distance  on  a  low  horizon 
a  city  in  flames  is  faintly  etched.  Below  the  design  in  place  of  the  title  in 
Nos.  6653,  6654,  is  engraved: 

Of  base  Ingratitude  possest. 

With  rank  Rebellion  in  his  Breast 

Tho*  rich  yet  poor  tho*  proud  yet  mean, 

Tho'  rob'd  in  purest  Lawn,  Unclean: 

With  such  Hypocrisy  of  Heart, 

As  makes  astonished  Virtue  start. 

When  such  a  Soul,  the  DevH  shall  fish  up, 

Depend  upon  H  tis  D s  B p  [Derry 's  Bishop]. 

The  date,  5  Nov.,  suggests  that  the  satirist  is  chiefly  moved  by  Hervey 's 
advocacy  of  Catholic  emancipation.   See  Lecky,  Hist,  of  England,  vi,  1887, 

P-  337- 

For  another  No-Popery  print  dated  5  Nov.  cf .  No.  5489  A.  The  Hibernian 
Magazine  announced,  July  1784  (p.  415),  that  in  a  subscription  for  building 
a  Roman  Catholic  chapel  in  Londonderry,  at  the  head  of  the  list  was  'that 
illustrious  friend  to  the  civil  and  religious  rights  of  all  mankind,  the  Bishop 
of  Derry,  who  gives  200I  .  .  .'. 

6i§X5|in. 

6663  THE    ORMOND    STREET    ALEXANDER    KILLING    HIS 
BUCEPHALUS  WITH  A  LOOK!!! 

Pub.  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Holland,  N"  66  Drury  Lane  Nozf  9. 
J784. 

Engraving.  Thurlow,  the  Lord  Chancellor,  stands  holding  the  ears  of 
his  horse  (1.)  with  a  scowl.   He  wears  riding-dress  with  bands  and  his 

171 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Chancellor's  wig ;  his  riding-whip  and  hat  are  on  the  ground.  Behind  (r.) 
four  men  stand  together  in  a  row  watching  him  with  amusement.  They 
are  (1.  to  r.)  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Fox,  Burke  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf . 
No.  6026),  and  North.  Trees,  lightly  sketched,  form  a  background. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched  the  newspaper  paragraph  which  the  print 
illustrates : 

The  C — r  was  taking  an  airing  a  few  days  ago^  on  horseback^  near  HighgatCy 
the  horse  unfortunately  stumhledy  and  had  nearly  throzvn  his  rider.  His  Lord- 
shipy  enraged  at  this  faux  paSy  alightedy  andy  taking  the  beast  by  the  earsy 
looked  him  sternly  in  the  face:  the  poor  affrighted  horse  instantly  trembled 
every  limb  [sic\y  and  fell  into  a  violent  sweat;  the  trembling  continued  so  long 
that  his  lordship  was  obliged  to  mount  his  servants  horse y  and  ride  back  to 

town, — We  hear  that  the  horse  is  since  dead! — It  is  a  C s  misfortune;  not 

his  faulty  that  God  should  have  bestowed  upon  him  an  austerity  of  countenance  y 
dreadful  enough  to  frighten  man  or  beast  to  death. 

Morni?jg  Heraldy  NoverrC  ^,  l^S4 

Thurlow  lived  at  14  Ormond  Street. 

A  satire  on  his  terrifying  scowl,  cf.  Probationary  OdeSy  No.  xvi : 

Once  more,  with  mightier  oaths,  by  G — d  I  swear; 
Bend  my  black  brows,  that  keep  the  peers  in  awe, 
Shake  my  full-bottomed  wig,  and  give  the  nod  of  law. 

8JX13  in. 

6664  THE  MINISTER'S  A 

Vide  Gazeteer  Nov',  ii. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Nozf  25^*  i';84  by  S.  W.  Fores  A7^  3  Piccadilly  near  the  Hay 
Market 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  lady  on  horseback 
rides  between  Pitt  and  Wilberforce  mounted  on  asses.  The  ass  (1.)  on  the 
lady's  r.  is  galloping,  its  rider  (Wilberforce)  waves  his  hat  triumphantly 
towards  Pitt  whose  ass  refuses  to  move.  A  man  standing  behind  it  (r.)  by 
a  milestone  inscribed  Wimbledon  Commony  is  about  to  kick  the  ass  violently. 
The  lady,  whose  horse  is  restive,  raises  her  riding-switch  to  beat  Pitt's  ass. 

The  incident,  as  related  in  the  Gazetteery  is  that  Mr.  Wilberforce  gave 
an  entertainment  at  Wimbledon  to  Mr.  ElHot,  Miss  Woodley  (now  Mrs. 
Elliot),  Mr.  Pitt,  &c.  *In  honour  of  the  approaching  nuptials  much  wine 
was  drank — and  the  young  Minister  was  praeter  solitum  levis'\*  On  the 
departure  of  Miss  Woodley  all  wished  to  escort  her  across  the  common; 
horses  could  not  be  found,  but  two  asses  appeared,  Wilberforce  mounting 
one,  Pitt  the  other;  on  Pitt's  ass  refusing  to  start,  a  passer-by  exclaimed 

*What  will  nobody  kick  the  Minister's  A !'  A  kick  from  Elliot,  or  the 

dread  of  a  kick,  made  the  ass  gallop  across  the  common.  A  ballad  on  the 
subject,  with  the  same  title,  was  published  by  Fores,  26  Nov.  1784, 
probably  to  accompany  this  print,  B.M.L.,  C.  20,  f.  2/257.  Eliot  (not 
Elliot)  married,  not  Miss  Woodley,  but  (1785)  Pitt's  sister. 

Rowlandson's  drawing  for  this  is  in  the  Print  Room  (201.  c.  6/52). 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  143. 

Sfxisftin. 

172 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 
6665  A  NEW  ROAD  TO  RICHES. 
[W.  Dent.] 
Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  hy  A.  Aitken,  Drury  Lane  Nov^  2g*^  ^7^4- 

Engraving.  Illustration  to  a  sheet  of  etched  verses.  The  front  of  a  Lottery 
Assurance  OfficCy  the  windows  plastered  with  advertisements.  Sam  House 
stands  on  the  doorstep,  speaking  to  a  ragged  woman  (r.)  with  an  infant  in 
her  arms  and  a  little  ragged  boy.  Sam's  breeches  are  ragged;  in  his  1.  hand 
is  a  paper  inscribed  Policy  N^  ^5,  his  r.  palm  is  extended  to  take  a  coin 
which  the  boy  puts  into  it ;  he  says  to  the  woman,  ComCy  give  me  the  money 
— Dam  it  Fll  try  once  more.  She  holds  in  her  hand  a  pawn-ticket  inscribed 
Duplicat[e]  a  Coat  2  6;  she  has  given  the  half-crown  to  the  boy  to  hand  to 
Sam.  Behind  Sam,  just  inside  the  door,  is  a  dog  with  the  head  and  tail 
of  a  fox,  looking  up  at  a  bird  resembling  a  duck  but  intended  for  a  pigeon, 
which  flies  towards  him  with  a  ticket  in  his  mouth  inscribed  N^  342.  Behind 
the  woman  is  the  door  of  a  pawnbroker's  shop  adjoining  the  Lottery  Office. 
Over  the  door  are  three  balls  and  Money  lent ;  in  the  side-window  are  the 
words  PursCy  Pawnbroker^  and  watches,  a  tankard,  &c.  On  the  other  side 
of  the  Lottery  Office  (1.),  perhaps  belonging  to  it,  is  a  door  over  which  is 
Anthony  Parkes.  On  the  doorstep  stands  a  lottery-office  tout,  grotesquely 
dressed  and  blowing  a  trumpet  from  which  hangs  a  flag  inscribed  Take 
Notice.  A  Provision  for  life  may  be  gained  by  a  6^  Chance.  In  his  r.  hand 
are  hand-bills  inscribed  Pretty  Plans.  He  wears  a  conical  hat  on  which  is 
a  feather  inscribed  Riches  Now  or  Never ,  with  a  tunic  and  trousers  orna- 
mented with  large  spots. 

The  bills  in  the  Lottery  Office  window  are  inscribed  respectively  Solid 
Acres  . . . ;  Terra  firma\  An  Eligible  Plan  .  . . ;  Read  Judge  and  Compare  . .  . ; 
20  Tickets  may  be  gained  If . . . ;  Earth  Balloons . .  .;An  important  considera- 
tion .  .  . ;  300  I  may  be  gained  if  ..  .\  No  ...  at  this  office;  .  .  .  A  Caution; 
Lottery  Clubs;  Observe  the  Amicable  Society  .  .  .;  A  rational  Mode  .  .  .; 
Affluence  .... 
6|X9|in. 

Beneath  the  design  are  verses  in  two  columns  headed  by  a  scroll  on 
which  the  title,  lottery  chances,  is  etched.  Each  end  of  the  scroll  is  held 
by  a  Christ's  Hospital  boy  holding  his  cap;  these  boys  drew  the  tickets 
from  the  lottery  wheels  at  the  Guildhall. 

A  New  Songy  to  the  Tune  of  Galloping  dreary  Dun. 
A  Lot  fry  we  have  and  each  has  a  Chance  y 

Handle  the  Cole^s  the  fun y 
Tho*  he  should  fly y  in  a  BallooTty  to  France. 
With  a  State  Roundabout 
Gaming  gaily, 
Trickingy 
Pickingy 
Galloping y  gambling  to  handle  the  Cole*s  the  fun. 

(The  first  of  eleven  verses.) 

The  advertisements  in  the  window  of  the  Lottery  Office  are  based  on 
actual  advertisements ;  the  newspapers  during  the  drawing  of  the  lottery 
were  full  of  Lottery  Office  puffs,  among  which  those  by  Parkes  were  con- 
spicuously alluring.  His  advertisements  were  headed  'Parkes  &  Riches!', 
and  he  offered  the  possibility  of  wealth  from  the  sum  of  sixpence  upwards. 

173 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

He  professed  to  be  'the  first  who  conceived  the  possibility  of  giving  very- 
extended  Benefits  for  the  most  trifling  sums  adventured  .  .  .  the  eager 
liberality  of  a  generous  Public  did  way  [sic]  his  Risque  and  amply  recom- 
penced  his  Talents  and  his  Time'.  The  other  names  (Goodluck,  Staple- 
ton,  Margray)  in  the  cautionary  verses  are  those  of  actual  lottery  offices, 
to  be  found  in  contemporary  advertisements.  There  was  an  'Amicable 
Society  of  Lottery  Adventurers'  as  well  as  an  'Equitable  Society  .  .  .'. 

It  was  a  fact  that  during  the  drawing  of  the  lottery  the  business  of  all 
shops  used  by  the  poorer  classes  in  London  dwindled  except  that  of  the 
pawnbrokers  which  multiplied,  owing  to  the  system  of  (illegal)  lottery 
assurances  by  which,  for  very  small  sums,  tickets  were  insured  against  being 
drawn  as  blanks.  See  Ashton,  History  of  English  Lotteries  y  1893,  pp.  293  ff. 

Sam  House,  with  his  policy  N^  45  and  the  'Fox-dog',  gives  the  satire  a 
political  application.  House  had  'commenced  politician'  in  1763  'in  support 
of  Wilkes  and  Liberty',  Life  and  Political  Opinions  of  the  late  Sam  House 
[1785],  p.  15. 

i3|X9iin.  (pi.). 

6666  THE  CALEDONIAN  DUTCHMAN.  [i  Dec.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  Lord  George  Gordon  (1.) 
with  a  drawn  sword  in  his  r.  hand,  1.  arm  outstretched,  greets  the  Dutch 
Minister  in  a  portico  outside  one  of  the  doors  of  St.  James's  Palace.  A 
plainly- dressed  Dutchman,  his  hands  in  his  breeches  pockets,  stands 
behind  the  Minister.  Two  Grenadiers  on  duty  stand  at  attention.  Gordon 
wears  a  flat  hat  or  cap,  a  dark  coat  (over  which  is  a  sword-belt),  and  breeches 
of  Dutch  pattern. 

Gordon  had  offered  his  services  to  the  Dutch  Minister  (Baron  de 
Lynden)  to  serve  against  the  Emperor  Joseph  II,  who  had  presented  an 
ultimatum  to  Holland.  He  had  also  been  inducing  seamen  and  naval 
officers  to  volunteer  'to  serve  the  United  Protestant  States  of  Holland 
against  the  King  of  the  Romans  and  all  their  popish  enemies'.  On  10  Nov. 
he  'paraded  the  streets  at  the  West  end  of  the  Town  in  blue  and  buff,  a 
cockade  and  a  large  broad  sword,  suspended  by  a  belt  ...  he  went  singly 
to  S*  James's ;  there  meeting  the  Dutch  Ambassador,  he  gave  him  a  salute 
as  he  came  down  stairs  from  the  levee,  and  drawing  his  sword  laid  it,  with 
great  solemnity,  at  the  feet  of  the  Ambassador.  .  .  .  His  Excellency  was, 
at  first,  greatly  surprised ;  but  after  a  moment's  recollection,  he  went  on 
without  taking  the  smallest  notice  of  his  Lordship',  London  Chronicle y 
1 1  Nov.  and  20  Nov.  1784.  (This  differs  slightly  from  the  account  in  the 
D.N.B.)  Gordon  had  made  himself  conspicuous  as  an  advocate  for  Fox 
in  the  Westminster  Election.  For  his  attitude  to  the  United  Provinces 
cf.  No.  7134. 

6667  ANTICIPATION  OF  AN  INTENDED  EXHIBITION  .  .  . 
Mark  delin.  Lane  fecit,  [Rowlandson.] 

Published  Dec"  10,  1^84^  by  T.  Harris,  High  Street,  Marybone. 

Engraving.  Atkinson  stands  in  the  pillory  outside  the  Corn  Exchange.  He 
stands  on  a  narrow  platform  just  above  the  heads  of  the  crowd;  his  head 
and  hands,  instead  of  being  held  in  the  usual  vertical  board,  are  put  through 

174 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

holes  in  a  board  which  is  almost  horizontal ;  on  its  edge  are  the  words  He 
that  HUMBLETH  himself  shall  be  exalted.  A  small  sheaf  of  corn  stands  on 
each  side  of  his  head. 

The  crowd  stands  round  and  beneath  the  pillory,  as  well  as  on  the  roof 
of  a  coach,  &c.  (r.).  Immediately  in  front  of  the  pillory  and  in  back  view 
(H.L.)  are  rough-looking  men  with  constables'  staves.  In  the  centre  (back- 
view)  the  sheriff  is  indicated  by  his  long  wand.  The  windows  and  roofs 
of  the  buildings  behind  are  also  crowded.  Beneath  the  design  are  the 
words  of  a  song;  after  the  title  are  the  words,  with  an  Excellent  New  Ballad^ 
to  he  sung  by  a  High  Character^  to  the  Tune  of  the  Vicar  &  Moses  (cf. 
No.  6130).  The  words,  supposed  to  be  spoken  by  Atkinson  in  the  pillory, 
are  printed  in  full  by  Grego.  Below  the  ballad  are  the  words :  NB.  Good 
Allowance  to  those  who  Contract  for  a  Quantity. 

For  Atkinson  see  Nos.  6021,  6616,  &c.  After  a  much-delayed  trial  he 
was  sentenced  on  27  Nov.  1784  in  the  King's  Bench  for  perjury  to  a  year's 
imprisonment,  to  be  pilloried  as  near  as  possible  to  the  Corn  Exchange  in 
Mark  Lane,  and  to  pay  a  fine  of  £2,000 — London  Chronicle,  27-30  Nov. 
1784.  He  was  actually  pilloried  on  25  Nov.  1785,  see  No.  6838,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  143-4. 

ioftx8i|in.  PL  i3jX9iin. 


6668  BRITISH  BALLOON,  AND  D [DEVONSHIRE]  AERIAL 

YACHT, 

[W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  direts  [sic'\  by  J.  Brown,  Rathhone  Place,  Dec^  13^^ 
1784. 

Engraving.  A  balloon  in  the  form  of  a  mask  of  the  faces  of  North  and  Fox, 
imitated  from  Sayers's  print,  see  No.  6234,  but  reversed,  supports  a  boat 
in  which  are  seated  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (1.)  and  the  Prince  of 
Wales  (r.).  On  the  ground  below  are  five  spectators.  The  mask  wears  a 
turban  to  indicate  Carlo  Khan,  see  No.  6276.  It  has  ass's  ears  to  which  are 
attached  the  ropes  which  support  the  boat.  In  the  bows  of  the  boat, 
which  has  a  man's  head  as  a  small  figurehead,  is  a  flag  on  which  is  a  bur- 
lesque of  the  Cavendish  arms:  the  heads  of  apes  with  horns  instead  of 
three  stag's  heads.  At  the  stern  is  a  pennant  inscribed  with  the  Cavendish 
motto,  Cavendo  tutus.  A  pair  of  propellers  project  from  the  sides  of  the 
boat,  broader  than  those  on  Lunardi's  balloon.  The  Duchess  and  the 
Prince  embrace  indecorously,  leaning  backwards  to  look  up  at  the  balloon. 
He  says  It  rises  majestically,  she  answers  Yes,  I  feel  it. 

The  spectators  (1.  to  r.)  are  Lord  John  Cavendish  in  profile  to  the  r. 

looking  up  through  a  telescope  or  roll  of  paper  and  saying  His  H ,  no 

doubt,  being  a  lover  of  the  Science,  will  make  some  curious  Experiments.  The 
Duke  of  Devonshire  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  facing  a  Frenchman ;  he  puts 
his  hand  to  his  forehead,  saying,  Looking  up  has  made  my  Fore-head  ake 
confoundedly.  He  wears  the  ribbon  of  the  Garter.  The  Frenchman,  a  petit- 
maitre  in  ruffled  shirt  and  high  toupet-wig  with  a  large  bag,  laughs  and 
points  upwards,  saying.  Ha,  ha,  ha,  why — it  is  our  way  in  France.  Miss 
Farren,  her  arms  folded,  turns  her  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  to  speak  to 
Lord  Derby,  from  whose  forehead  sprout  stag's  antlers  (indicating  the 
liaison  of  Lady  Derby  with  the  Duke  of  Dorset)  inscribed  Platonic  Love 

175 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  Maid  of  the  OakSy  the  former  indicating  his  relations  with  Miss  Farren, 
the  other  the  play  by  Burgoyne  written  for  the  Fete  Champitre  given  at  The 
Oaks  in  Kent  on  the  marriage  of  Lord  Derby  in  1774  (cf.  Nos.  5587,  7623). 
Derby  looks  through  a  telescope,  saying,  She^s  a  beautiful  vessel^  indeed, — 
she  seems  to  move  at  a  great  rate  on  the  Equinoctial  Line,  Miss  Farren 
answers,  Aye,  my  dear  Lord,  when  shall  we  take  a  flight  from  our  Platonic 
Box  and  Jog  together  in  the  Milky-way. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Desined  for  conveying  the  high  Fliers  of  Fashion  over  the  Channel,  from 
Dover  to  Calais,  and  in  which,  it  being  snug,  easy  and  convenient,  the  enter- 
prising Pair  may  safely  make  the  Grand  Experiment:  Che  sara  sara 

Ye  Masters  of  Packets!  ye  poor  silly  loons! 

Sell  your  boats  and  get  Blanchard  to  make  you  Balloons, 

For  our  fair  modern  Witches,  no  longer  aquatic. 

Will  never  more  cross  but  in  boats  Aerostatic. 

A  satire  on  Blanchard 's  second  ascent  in  England,  Dec.  1784,  from  *the 
Rhedarium*,  Park  Lane.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  the  Duke  and  Duchess  of 
Devonshire,  and  a  large  party  of  their  friends  were  present,  the  Duchess 
and  the  ladies  wearing  blue  and  buff  ribbons.  Fox's  colours;  the  two  last 
cords  were  held  by  the  Duchess  and  another  lady.  The  boat  was  guided 
by  wings  or  propeller,  and  the  two  aeronauts,  Blanchard  and  Jefferies, 
carried  flags.  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  let  off^  a  small  balloon  with  a 
blue  and  orange  cockade  as  a  signal  for  the  cutting  of  the  cords.  She  had, 
it  was  said,  taken  a  hundred  tickets  for  her  friends,  London  Chronicle,  30 
N0V.-2  Dec.  For  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  see 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  371-2,  and  No.  61 15,  &c.  For  Eliza  Farren 
and  Lord  Derby,  see  No.  5901  and  index.. 

Reproduction,  Bruel,  No.  103. 


6669  THE  GOOD  SHEPHERD  OR  CAMBRIA'S  DELIGHT. 

W^  Jones  inven* 

Published  by  H  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street  J  j^*  Dec''  1784  Price  One 
Shilling 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  church,  probably  the  Cathedral  of  St.  Asaph, 
showing  one  ruinous  wall,  with  an  inverted  Gothic  window.  Shipley,  Dean 
of  St.  Asaph,  stands  (1.)  on  a  large  book  inscribed  Law  of  Libel  Vol.  I., 
holding  a  firebrand  inscribed  Dialogue  between  .  .  .  against  a  rough  map 
(1.)  of  North  Wales  indicated  by  cracks  on  the  plaster  wall,  the  places 
marked  being  S^  Asaph  and  Chester.  Above  the  dean  are  the  winged  heads 
of  two  cherubs.  On  the  window  is  a  large  medallion  with  a  profile  head 
drawn  so  that  it  appears  to  be  that  of  a  devil  with  horns,  while  if  turned 
upside  down  it  is  the  head  of  Shipley  wearing  the  hat  of  a  dean  (cf.  No. 
7617,  &c.).  Round  it  is  inscribed,  Ecclesia  perversa  tenet  faciem  diaboli. 
On  the  wall  to  the  r.  of  the  window  are  two  profile  bust-portraits  facing 
each  other,  inscribed  Doctor  Sacheverell  (1.)  and  Ccesar  Borgia  (r.). 
Between  and  above  them  is  a  bishop's  mitre.  Beneath  them  is  a  shelf  of 
books:  Law  of  Libels  II  and  Law  of  Libels  III,  standing  upright;  leaning 
against  them  are  two  volumes  of  Sermons.  Beneath  is  a  torn  paper  inscribed, 
The  Jurors  for  our  Lord  the  King  upon  their  Oaths  present  That  .  .  .  Sedi- 

176 


POLITICAL  SATIRES   1784 

tious.  In  the  centre,  beneath  the  window,  are  the  two  halves  of  a  pillory, 
irregularly  across  one  another,  showing  the  holes  for  head  and  hands. 

William  (afterwards  Sir  William)  Jones  (hence  the  artist's  name)  pub- 
lished in  1782  a  political  tract  of  radical  tone.  The  Principles  of  Government^ 
in  a  Dialogue  between  a  Gentleman  and  a  Farmer.  Shipley  brought  it  to  the 
notice  of  a  County  Committee  for  Flint,  who  gave  it  a  vote  of  approbation, 
and  he  also  ordered  it  to  be  translated  into  Welsh,  but  abandoned  the 
project  on  hearing  that  its  contents  might  be  misinterpreted.  He  was 
violently  attacked  at  a  county  meeting,  and  therefore  had  a  few  copies  of 
the  pamphlet  printed  with  a  preface  in  his  own  defence.  The  Treasury 
declined  to  prosecute,  but  Shipley  was  indicted  for  libel  at  Wrexham 
Sessions  in  April  1783.  After  a  protracted  prosecution,  in  which  the  argu- 
ments in  the  King's  Bench  (15  Nov.  1784,  &c.)  turned  on  the  function  of 
the  jury  in  a  libel  case,  the  judgement  was  arrested  (22  Nov.  1784)  and 
proceedings  set  aside.  Howell's  State  Trials,  xxi.  847-1046.  The  legal 
question  raised  in  the  trial  was  decided  by  Fox's  Libel  Act  of  1792.  See 
No.  6670.  The  medallion  is  copied  from  the  Pope-Devil  medals  of  the 
sixteenth  century;  see  F.  P.  Barnard,  Satirical  and  Controversial  Medals 
of  the  Reformation,  1927,  no.  42,  &c. 
6/gX7jin. 

6670  THE  TRIUMPH  OF  TURBULENCE  OR  MOTHER  CAMBRIA 
POSSESSED. 

23  &  24  Dec^  iy84^ 

Sold  at  iV"  22y  Strand,  London, 

Engraving,  with  roulette  shading.  Shipley,  Dean  of  St.  Asaph,  is  drawn 
(r.  to  1.)  in  a  small  four-wheeled  chaise  by  six  goats  with  bells  (indicating 
folly)  on  their  horns.  He  sits  complacently,  displaying  the  leg  on  which  is 
a  shackle  with  a  short  length  of  chain.  The  goats  are  prancing,  the  near 
leader  stands  on  his  hind  legs.  Behind  the  chaise  (r.)  is  a  large  pillar  sur- 
mounted by  a  ball  inscribed  Mansfield  and,  below.  Seditious  perhaps 
Treasonable.  In  front  is  a  small  open  pillory.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is 
*Mother  Cambria',  wearing  a  fool's  cap  and  bells;  she  stands  in  profile  to 
the  1.  holding  a  baton  on  which  is  a  small  head  of  the  dean;  one  foot  rests 
on  a  crown,  with  the  other  she  is  kicking  a  cap  of  Liberty,  which  is  in  the 
air,  reversed.  By  it  are  the  words :  Liperty  is  her  foot-pall  now ;  by  the 
crown :  Tamm  Kingss  &  Crouns.  A  winged  demon  applies  a  pair  of  bellows 
to  her  ear.  The  chaise  is  crossing  a  barren  plain  with  mountains  in  the 
distance.  In  the  upper  1.  comer  of  the  design  four  men  in  clerical  dress 
stand  round  a  bonfire  which  is  beside  a  church ;  two  wave  their  hats,  one 
holding  up  a  laurel  wreath,  while  a  figure  is  suspended  head-downwards 
above  the  flames.  This  scene  is  inscribed  Spiritual  pastimes. 
Across  the  print  is  engraved : 

Fve  escaped  with  my  Ears  &  from  Newgate  you  find; 

And  as  to  my  honour,  thaVs  left  far  behind; 

Which  all  the  World  knows,  but  Welch  Goats,  whom  I  blind. 

This  appears  to  satirize  the  rejoicings  on  Shipley's  return  to  St.  Asaph 
through  Shrewsbury,  Wrexham,  and  Ruthin  after  the  abandonment  of  the 
prosecution  for  libel  which  had  lasted  nearly  two  years,  see  No.  6669. 

7X10^  in. 

^  Miss  Banks  has  written  'pb.  Feb:  8. 1785*. 

177  N 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6671  THE  WHIG  CLUB,  OR  THE  STATE  OF  THE  BLUE  AND 
BUFF  COUNCIL, 

W,D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs^  by  J,  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  Dec''  24^  1784. 

Engraving.  Fox  in  the  chair  (centre),  with  three  leading  Whigs  on  each 
side  of  him ;  all  are  seated  as  if  in  a  latrine.  All  wear  enormous  wigs  (indi- 
cating that  they  are  Whigs)  resembling  those  worn  by  the  Speaker  and  by 
judges.  After  the  title  are  the  words  Most  heartily  Inscribed  to  the  Worship- 
ful Company  of  Barbers.  ...  In  the  centre  foreground  is  their  secretary, 
a  demon,  wearing  a  similar  wig  and  seated  on  a  chamber-pot  inscribed 
S^  Albans.  He  holds  a  pen  in  his  r.  hand ;  with  his  1.  he  holds  his  nose. 
He  is  seated  before  a  headsman's  block  inscribed  K.  Charles's  Pillow ,  on 
which  he  is  writing  a  Plan  of  Operations  for  1785.  Beside  him  are  an  axe, 
a  newspaper  inscribed  Morn^  Herald,  and  an  open  book.  History  of  the 
Commonwealth.  He  says : 

My  Sirs,  you'll  shite  great  things  I  think. 

You  make  such  an  infernal  stink. 

Labels  issuing  from  the  mouths  of  the  members  of  the  club  are  num- 
bered. J*^  is  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  on  the  extreme  r.  saying.  Say,  what's  to 
be  done,  pray  tell  our  Secretary — Scratch.  Next  him  is  Burke,  2^,  holding 
a  paper  inscribed  Oeconomy,  indicating  his  Bill  of  Economical  Reform 
(cf.  No.  5657,  &c.) ;  he  says,  India  and  Irish  affairs  will  make — a  good  batch. 
Next,  and  on  Fox's  1.  hand  is  North,  5^,  holding  a  paper  inscribed  Reform. 
He  says : 

Commutations  &  Juries  shall  be  my  Tale, 

Such  subjects — by  straining  hard — must  sure  avail. 

North  vigorously  opposed,  16  June  1784,  Sawbridge's  motion  for  a  reform 
of  Parliament  which  Fox,  of  course,  supported.  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  975  ff. 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii.  424.  Cf.  No.  6636.  The  Commutation  tax 
was  attacked  by  the  Opposition,  cf.  Nos.  6630,  6634,  &c. 

Fox,  4'*,  seated  in  a  raised  arm-chair,  with  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Cromwell 
behind  his  head,  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Prerogative ;  his  face  is  contorted 
and  he  says: 

Reform  &  Scrutiny  shall  not  be  forgot, 

No,  no,  ril  strain  to  give  it  them  smoaking  hot. 

On  his  r.  sits  Keppel,  5'*,  saying: 

To  get  them  out  Fll  strain  as  I  have  strain' d  before, 
Tho',  dear  C02.  they  are  as  frightful  as  a  Lee  Shore. 

One  of  many  gibes  at  Keppel  for  his  conduct  at  the  Battle  of  Ushant, 
27  July  1778,  see  No.  5992,  &c. 
Next,  6'*,  is  Lord  Derby,  saying : 

We  shan't  get  in,  I  fear,  tho'  we  do  our  best, 
Powys,  7'*,  on  the  extreme  1.,  responds: 

No,  we  too  compleatly  did  beshit  our  Nest. 

A  satire  on  the  bankruptcy  of  the  Whigs  after  the  general  election,  cf. 
Nos.  6657, 6673, 6674, 6770, 6790, 6791.  For  Fox  as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380, 
&c.  For  Fox  and  Reform  see  No.  6636,  and  Ireland  see  No.  6659. 
For  the  Scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c.  The  Whig  Club  was  formed  in  1780 
at  the  time  of  the  Westminster  Committee  of  Correspondence,  and  in  con- 

178 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

nexion  with  the  adoption  of  Fox  as  candidate  for  Westminster  (see  Nos. 
5650,  5675,  &c.),  cf.  also  No.  8140.  For  India  cf.  No.  6915. 

Sixisf  in. 

6672  HOW  TO  AVOID  THE  HORSE  DUTY. 
JNfet  sculp  1784^   [Nixon.] 

Engraving.  A  stout  farmer  rides  (1.  to  r.)  past  an  inn  on  a  cow.  The  cow 
befouls  and  tramples  on  a  paper  inscribed  Tax  on  Ho\rses\.  The  farmer 
looks  triumphantly  over  his  r.  shoulder  at  a  group  of  spectators  standing 

at  the  door  of  the  inn,  and  snaps  his  fingers,  saying,  Pitt  be  D d.   A 

basket  containing  poultry  hangs  from  the  saddle.  Part  of  the  inn  is  on  the 
1.  of  the  design,  its  sign  is  a  stout  man  holding  a  foaming  tankard  gazing 
at  three  sacks,  inscribed  Joe  Jolly  1784  (a  '7'  appears  to  have  been  etched 
over  the  '4').  Five  amused  spectators  stand  by  the  door;  from  a  window 
above  two  men  applaud  the  farmer. 

Pitt's  budget  of  1784  imposed  an  annual  tax  of  lo^.  on  saddle-  and 
carriage-horses,  exempting  those  used  for  trade  and  agriculture;  see  Nos. 
6630,  6914. 

On  27  Nov.  1784  one  Jonathan  Thatcher  rode  his  cow  to  and  from  the 
market  of  Stockport  in  protest  against  the  horse-tax,  Chambers,  Book  of 
DaySy  ii.  627,  where  there  is  a  copy  of  a  similar  print. 

6fx8iin. 

6673  THE  SCREECH-OWL  AND  THE  ASS,  A  TALE      \c.  1784^] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Heading  to  a  printed 
broadside.  Fox,  with  the  body  of  an  owl,  flies  off  (r.)  with  money-bags 
slung  round  his  neck  and  across  his  back.  North,  with  the  body  of  an  ass, 
stands  on  the  ground  looking  up  at  him,  his  Garter  ribbon  across  his  body. 
He  says.  Consider  F — x  the  Coalition.  Fox  says,  /  have  all  that  eeW  my  heart 
could  wish  on.  Four  of  his  five  bags  are  inscribed :  For  the  Woman  of  the 
People  (Fox  and  Perdita  had  been  called  'The  Man  and  Woman  of  the 
People',  see  No.  61 17;  during  the  Westminster  Election  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire  had  been  called  'the  Woman  of  the  People') ;  M^  Faro  {^20^000 ; 
An  Independence-^  For  M'  E-O  £10^000.  For  the  game  of  E.O.  see  No. 
5928,  &c. ;  for  Fox's  faro  bank  at  Brooks's  see  No.  5972.  On  the  ground 
between  North  and  Fox  is  a  round  ointment-box  inscribed  Fox^s  lungs  for 
hoarseness  and  a  larger  pot  inscribed  Ointment  of  Transformation. 

The  explanatory  text  relates  the  fable  of  the  Screech-owl  and  the  Ass 
as  told  by  Apuleius  or  Lucian,  and  applies  it  to  the  coalition  between  Fox 
and  North :  the  woman  of  Thessaly  is  a  witch  or  the  spirit  of  sedition ;  she 
transformed  herself  into  a  screech-owl  by  rubbing  herself  with  the  oint- 
ment of  Popularity.  An  observer  watched  the  transformation  and  tried  to 
imitate  it,  but  using  by  mistake  the  ointment  of  Folly  instead  of  that  of 
Popularity  became  an  ass.  Popularity  has  changed  Fox  into  a  screech-owl 
(sedition)  and  Folly  has  made  North  an  ass.  For  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition 
in  the  general  election  cf.  No.  6671,  &c. 

7f  X  12  in.  (pi.).  Broadside,  i7|x  i2|  in. 

'  Note  by  E.  Hawkins  Tub.  i  Jan.  1791*,  cf .  alteration  of  date  on  print  from  1784 
to  1787. 

^  Miss  Banks  has  written  'about  the  year  1786  or  before'. 

179 


V 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6674  MOTHER  SHIPTON'S  PROPHECY  [c.  1784] 

Engraving.  Fox  stands  (1.)  with  a  melancholy  expression,  taking  from 
Mother  Shipton  a  long  wand  which  she  puts  into  his  hand.  She  leans 
towards  him,  supported  on  a  stick  held  in  her  1.  hand,  and  says : 

Long  have  I  viewed  thy  troubled  Soul 
Fear  not  for  thou  shaVt  yet  controul 

And  be  Great  Britains  chief 

England  will  sink  without  thy  aid 
Take  this  good  Wand  be  not  afraid 
And  guard  its  pudding  &  its  beef 

Behind  her  (r.)  is  a  temple,  Sacred  to  Liberty ;  Britannia  reclines  on  its 
domed  roof,  holding  the  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty. 

A  Foxite  satire  significant  of  the  completeness  of  the  defeat  of  the 
Coalition  in  1784,  cf.  No.  6671,  &c. 
iiix8iin. 

6675  INSIGNIA  VILLAE  DE  PRETON.  [?  1784] 
[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  burlesque  coat  of 
arms  for  the  borough  of  Preston  relating  to  a  contested  election.  On  the 
escutcheon  is  a  lamb  with  a  banner.  In  place  of  supporters  are:  (1.  or 
dexter)  the  mayor  holding  a  long  staff;  he  says,  /  am  Mayor  &  my  will  is 
law ;  on  the  r.  (sinister)  a  woman  with  straw  in  her  hair  puts  one  foot  on  the 
back  of  a  lean  man  with  horns  on  his  forehead,  who  is  on  his  hands  and 
knees  at  her  feet,  in  profile  to  the  1.  He  holds  a  mace;  a  label  issuing  from 
his  mouth  forms  a  support  to  the  escutcheon :  P — rk — r  made  me  a  Cuckold. 
F — k — n  my  Sergeant  usurps  my  power.  From  horns ^  a  Sullen  wife  &  Mayor 
tremendous  Angels  &  Ministers  of  grace  defend  us.  The  woman  holds  a 
chamber-pot  inscribed  B — g — ne\  she  says,  pointing  to  the  figure  which 
serves  as  crest,  /  wish  to  eat  the  Child  I  am  pregnant  with  sooner  than 
B — g — ne  should  be  elected  member  for  P — st — n.  The  crest  is  a  H.L.  figure 
of  Folly  wearing  a  fool's  cap  and  holding  a  scourge  in  one  hand,  a  bell  in 
the  other;  he  says:  See  Gods  Judgment  in  me  through  my  Mothers  rash  wish. 
Burgoyne  was  M.P.  for  Preston  from  1768  till  his  death  in  1792,  being 
returned  on  Lord  Derby's  interest.  In  1784  the  return  was  petitioned 
against  on  the  ground  that  the  mayor  and  bailiffs  had  arbitrarily  admitted 
a  number  of  unqualified  voters.  He  was  found  duly  elected,  22  Apr.  1785. 
Oldfield,  Representative  History  of  Great  Britain^  1816,  iv.  95-6.  See  also 
W.  Dobson,  Hist,  of  the  Parliamentary  Representation  of  Preston^  1856. 
In  1784  the  defeated  candidates  were  Ralph  Clayton  and  M.  A.  Taylor;  in 
1790  there  was  no  contest. 
7iX9^in. 


180 


1784 

PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

6676-6688 

Series  of  Tete-a-tite  Portraits 

6676  N°  XXXIV.    MRS  B LES. 

N°  XXXV.  THE  JUVENILE  ORATOR. 
London^  Puhlish'd  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  Street  JarP  i;  1784. 
Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xv.  625.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
George  Augustus  North  (1757-1802),  son  of  Lord  North.  His  maiden 
speech  is  here  said  to  have  been  the  laconic  seconding  of  Fox's  motion  for 
his  East  India  Bill.  (See  Pari,  Hist,  xxiii.  1208.)  He  is  here  called  M.P. 
for  one  of  the  Cinque  Ports;  he  was  actually  M.P.  for  Harwich  1778-84, 
returned  for  Wootton  Bassett  in  1784.  (He  was  a  prominent  supporter  of 
Fox  in  the  Westminster  Election,  and  was  styled  Colonel  as  Colonel  of  the 
Cinque  Port  Volunteers.)  Mrs.  Bowles  is  said  to  be  his  mistress.  She  was 
Miss  D — v — s,  daughter  of  an  eminent  wine-merchant  who  became  bank- 
rupt ;  being  destitute  she  became  the  mistress  of  Lord  B who  on  his 

marriage  arranged  a  marriage  between  her  and  his  butler,  for  whom  he 
obtained  a  genteel  place  in  the  Customs.    On  her  husband's  death  she 
appealed  to  Lord  North  for  assistance  and  met  his  son. 
Ovals,  2|  X  2i^g  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6677  N°  XXXVII.    THE  MENTAL  CHARMER. 

N°  XXXVIII.    THE  STENTORIAN  PREACHER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Ha^nilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  Jan^  16;  1784. 
Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xv.  681.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  ,  .\  An  account  of 
a  preacher  whose  chapel  is  crowded  with  a  fashionable  congregation  on 
account  of  his  family  connexions,  and  who,  though  he  has  not  published 
his  sermons,  is  noted  for  his  attack  on  Wesley  in  conjunction  with  Toplady. 
Evidently  Rowland  Hill  (1744-1833),  brother  of  Sir  Richard  Hill,  M.P., 
who  preached  at  Surrey  Chapel,  built  for  him  in  1783.  The  portrait  con- 
firms the  identification.  He  is  here  said  to  have  been  expelled  from  an 
Oxford  college  before  being  ordained,  whence  he  graduated  B.A.  at  Cam- 
bridge and  was  refused  ordination  on  account  of  his  irregular  preaching. 
Mrs.  S.  is  the  daughter  of  an  eminent  distiller  and  widow  of  a  Colonel  S. ; 
she  is  constantly  in  his  company,  though  in  spite  of  slander  their  intimacy 
is  probably  platonic. 
Ovals,  zli  X  2i  in. ;  2JJ  X  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6678  N°  II.    MISS  ST— NS— N. 

N°  III.    THE  BLOOMSBURY  YOUTH. 
London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  FelP  J.  1784. 
Engraving.    Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  9.   Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.   An  account  of 

181 


■J 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Francis  Russell,  fifth  Duke  of  Bedford  (i  765-1 802),  who  had  been 
initiated  by  some  of  his  Westminster  schoolfellows  into  the  fashionable 
brothels  of  King's  Place.  Miss  Stevenson  is  the  daughter  of  an  eminent 
physician  who  found  herself  penniless  on  his  death,  was  seduced  and 
deserted,  and  is  now  protected  by  the  Duke. 
Ovals,  2|X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6679  N°  IV.    THE  PLEASANT  M^s  g LE. 

N°  V.    THE  FRENCH  BUCK. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street,  March  i;  1784, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  65.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames.  They  illustrate  *Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An 
account  of  the  Due  de  Chartres,  his  admiration  of  England  and  his  adop- 
tion of  the  dress  of  an  English  buck.   See  No.  6822. 

*The  well  known  M'^  G — e,  near  Portland-place',  called  the  gentle 
G — e,  is  the  daughter  of  an  eminent  merchant;  she  was  about  to  marry 
a  Colonel  G.  when  her  father  became  bankrupt;  she  has  since  had  pro- 
tectors who  have  been  succeeded  by  the  French  Buck. 
Ovals,  2|x  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6680  N°  VII.    THE  ALLURING  MISS  W— TS— N. 
N°  VIII.    THE  ACCOMPLISHED  COURTIER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  Apr^  i;  1784. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  121.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
James,  seventh  Earl  of  Salisbury  (see  No.  61 15),  Lord  Chamberlain,  who 
in  manners  and  dress  is  a  complete  contrast  to  his  father  'Lord  Jehu',  see 
No.  5138.  Some  of  the  'first-rate  demi-reps*  have  been  associated  with 
him.  Miss  W.  is  the  younger  of  two  sisters  living  in  Portman  Street, 
known  as  the  'vis-a-vis  W — ts — ns\  from  their  elegant  carriage,  celebrated 
courtesans  who  have  amassed  a  fortune,  and  have  eclipsed  Perdita,  the 
Bird  of  Paradise  (Mrs.  Mahon),  and  the  other  'high-plumed  impures'. 
Ovals,  2ii  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6681  N°  X.    THE  DELECTABLE  MISS  WH— RT— N. 
N°  XL    THE  VIGILANT  SECRETARY. 

London,  Published  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street  May  i;  1784, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  177.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Thomas  Townshend  (1733-1800),  cr.  Baron  Sydney  1783,  Pitt's  Secretary 
of  State  for  the  Home  Department.  Miss  Wharton,  the  daughter  of  an 
eminent  apothecary  who  died  insolvent,  was  induced  by  her  milliner  under 
threat  of  imprisonment  for  debt  to  become  the  mistress,  first  of  a  French 
marquis,  then  of  the  D.  of  Q.  (Queensberry).  She  was  delivered  from 
the  milliner-procuress  by  Sydney.  Identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Juliet 
Wharton. 

Ovals,  2f  X  2i\  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

182 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES    I784 

6682  N*»  XIII.    MISS  B— SH— p. 

N°  XIV.    THE  RATIONAL  GALLANT. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street  i  June  1784, 

Engraving.  Tozvn  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  233.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
George  John,  second  Earl  Spencer  (1758-1834),  brother  of  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire.  Miss  Bishop  is  said  to  be  the  natural  daughter  of  a  baronet 
and  a  chambermaid  at  an  inn  on  the  Bath  road ;  having  eloped  from  school 
with  Lord  B.,  who  deluded  her  by  a  mock  marriage  ceremony,  she  was 
deserted  and  fell  into  the  hands  of  Mrs.  Windsor  of  King's  Place  (see 
No.  6260)  from  whom  she  was  delivered  by  Lord  Spencer. 
Ovals,  2f  X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6683  N°  XVI.    MISS  F D G. 


N°  XVII.    THE  PLIANT  POLITICIAN. 
London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street  July  J,  1784, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  289.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
an  elderly  Irish  peer,  a  M.P.  with  a  seat  in  Essex,  who  has  held  lucrative 
posts  in  England  and  Ireland.  He  is  probably  Lord  Nugent,  of  Gosfield 
Hall,  near  Braintree;  see  volume  v.  Miss  F.  is  identified  by  H.  Bleackley 
as  Fanny  Fielding. 

Ovals,  2|X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6684  N°  XIX.    THE  AMIABLE  MISS  H F ^X. 

N°  XX.    THE  VEHEMENT  SECRETARY. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  Au^  i;  1784. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  345.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
William  Eden  (1744-1814),  afterwards  first  Lord  Auckland.  His  gallantries, 
it  is  said,  would  fill  a  volume.  Miss  H.  is  the  illegitimate  daughter  of  a 
distinguished  peer,  who  having  been  seduced  became  a  much-toasted 
courtesan.  The  Secretary  has  furnished  a  house  for  her  in  Marylebone. 
She  is  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Eliza  Halifax. 
Ovals,  2|X2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6685  N°  XXII.    THE  ACCOMPLISHED  MISS  PH— L— PS. 
N°  XXIII.    THE  GENEROUS  GALLANT. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton,  Jun*  Fleet  Street,  Sep^  i;  1784. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi,  \oi.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  *near  relation'  of  the  author  of  the  bill  'to  prevent  bribery  and  corruption 
at  elections';  he  is  probably  William  Wyndham  Grenville  (1759-1834). 

'Charlotte  Ph ps'  is  the  daughter  of  an  eminent  musician,  left  destitute 

on  his  death;  after  having  been  deserted  by  two  protectors  she  met  the 
Generous  Gallant  who  settled  ^£200  a  year  on  her.    Identified  by  H. 
Bleackley  as  Charlotte  Phillips. 
Ovals,  2f  X2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

183 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6686  N°  XXV.    MISS  LUCY  P— RS— NS. 

N°  XXVI.    THE  AMOROUS  BARONET. 

London^  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  JurC  Fleet  Street  OcV  i;  1784. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  457.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  The  successor 
to  a  'new  created  baronet'  who  amassed  a  fortune  as  contractor  in  Germany 
in  the  Seven  Years  War;  he  is  M.P.  for  a  county;  his  chief  interest  is  in 
horse-racing.  Perhaps  Sir  George  Amyand  (1748-18 19),  who  took  the 
name  of  Cornewall  on  his  marriage.  Son  of  George  Amyand,  cr.  baronet 
in  1764,  a  member  of  the  London  banking  firm  of  Amyand,  Staples  and 
Mercer.  Cornewall  was  M.P.  for  Herefordshire,  1774-1796;  G.  E.  C, 
Baronetage,  v.  130.  Miss  Parsons,  the  daughter  of  a  Nottinghamshire 
farmer,  was  seduced  and  endeavoured  to  become  a  fashionable  courtesan. 
The  baronet  now  makes  her  an  allowance. 
Ovals,  2f  X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6687  N°  xxvin.  miss  amb — se. 

N°  XXIX.    THE  APPROVED  CANDIDATE. 
London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton,  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  Nov"  i,  1784, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  513.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
Admiral  Lord  Hood,  M.P.  for  Westminster  and  styled  'Approved  Candidate* 
because,  in  spite  of  the  Scrutiny  (see  No.  6553,  &c.),  there  is  no  doubt  of 
his  majority,*  and  Miss  Ambrose,  daughter  of  a  celebrated  friseur,  who 
was  seduced,  entered  a  brothel,  and  was  glad  to  escape  from  it  by  accepting 
Lord  H[ood's  proposals. 
Ovals,  2|X  2i^  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6688  N°  XXXI.   MRS  R— ss. 

N°  XXXIL    THE  AERIAL  TRAVELLER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun"  Fleet  Street  DeC^  i;  1784. 

Engraving.  Tozvn  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  569.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Vincenzo  Lunardi,  who  made  the  first  balloon  ascent  in  England,  see 
No.  6858.  Since  his  ascent  ladies  have  vied  with  each  other  in  their  atten- 
tions to  him,  but  he  does  not  desert  Mrs.  R.,  the  widow  of  a  Captain  Ross. 
Ovals,  2|  X  2^  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6689  [LAIRD  ROBERTSON,  JOHN  DOW  &  JAMES  DUFF  COM- 
MONLY CALLED  BAILLIE  DUFF]  [1784] 

[Kay.] 

Engraving.  Three  H.L.  figures.  James  Robertson  of  Kincraigie  (1.),  in 
prbfile  to  the  1.,  wearing  a  Highland  bonnet,  holds  up  a  stick  with  a  carved 
top  representing  a  man's  head  in  profile.  The  centre  figure  is  John  Dhu 
or  Dow,  in  military  uniform,  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  to  speak 

'  Identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Lord  Rodney. 
184 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

to  a  man  wearing  a  wig  and  cocked  hat  who  puts  both  hands  on  Dhu*s  1. 
shoulder. 

They  are  three  well-known  Edinburgh  characters :  Robertson,  *the  daft 
highland  laird',  Dhu,  a  strong  and  fierce  corporal  of  the  Town-Guard,  and 
*daft  Jamie  Duff',  known  as  Baillie  Duff,  who  assumed  an  imitation  of  the 
dress  and  insignia  of  the  city  magistrates.   See  No.  6696. 

Title  from  MS.  index.  'Collection',  No.  5. 

3 JX 4ft  in. 

6689  A  THREE  EDINR  BUCKS 

K 1784 

A  later  impression  with  title,  signature,  date,  and  inscriptions.   Robertson 
says.  We're  a'  Fool  folk  \  Dhu  says  to  Duff,  What  do  you  say^  Sir;  Duff 
answers  Do  di  do  my  Chairiy  referring  to  the  brass  civic  chain  which  he 
habitually  wore.  Kay,  No.  II. 
3ftX4iin. 

6690  [MR   JAMES    THOMSON    GROCER,   FOLLOWING    MISS 
CRAWFORD] 

K.  fed  1784 

Engraving.  A  lady  wearing  a  riding-habit  and  a  large  hat  trimmed  with 
feathers,  walks  1.  to  r.,  a  cane  in  her  r.  hand,  her  profile  partly  concealed 
by  her  hat.  Just  behind  her  a  man,  his  arms  dangling,  is  regarding  her  with 
an  anxious  scowl.  They  walk  on  the  pavement  of  a  street;  a  stone  wall 
forms  a  background. 

Thomson,  a  wealthy  Edinburgh  grocer  and  a  widower,  was  anxious  for 
a  well-connected  wife.  He  paid  attentions  (unsuccessfully)  to  a  daughter 
of  Sir  Hew  Crawford  of  Jordanhill.  Kay  is  said  to  have  observed  this  scene 
on  Calton-Hill  on  the  day  of  the  ascent  of  Tytler's  balloon  (27  Aug.  1784). 
The  print  caused  great  excitement  and  the  lady's  brother  threatened  to 
cudgel  Kay,  who  thereupon  re-issued  the  plate,  exaggerating  the  lady's 
hat,  and  also  issued  No.  6691. 

*  Collection',  No.  11.   Kay,  No.  XL VI,  where  the  grocer  is  called  Alex- 
ander Thomson. 
4  X  2f  in. 

6691  RETALIATION;  OR  THE  CUDGELLER  CAUGHT     [1784] 

Kay  fee* 

Engraving.  A  stout  porter  (1.)  holds  by  the  lapel  the  waistcoat  of  Captain 
Crawford,  a  dapper  little  man  who  crouches  on  the  ground,  holding  up 
his  hands  in  alarm,  his  hat  and  stick  beside  him.  His  sister,  see  No.  6690, 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  her  stick  raised  in  her  r.  hand.  She  is  dressed  as 
in  No.  6690,  but  the  hat,  though  smaller,  has  a  larger  erection  of  ostrich 
feathers.  Behind  Crawford,  another  lady.  Miss  Hay  of  Mountblairy, 
dressed  in  a  more  feminine  manner,  stands  full-face  holding  up  her  arms 
and  screaming. 

An  imaginary  scene  etched  in  retaliation  for  Crawford's  threat,  see  No. 
6690. 

^Collection'  No.  12;  Kay,  No.  XLVII. 
5jX4i^ein. 

185 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6692  [HUGO  ARNOT  AND  GINGERBREAD  JOCK.] 
[/.  Kay  1784^] 

Engraving.  Arnot,  grotesquely  tall  and  thin,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding 
a  long  cane,  puts  a  coin  into  the  proffered  hat  of  a  beggar  who  stands  (r.) 
full-face. 

Arnot  (see  No.  6698),  who  had  a  nervous  antipathy  to  beggars,  is 
ironically  depicted  as  giving  alms  to  a  well-known  Edinburgh  beggar, 
John  Duncan,  once  a  seller  of  gingerbread. 

*Collection\  No.  21.  Kay,  No.  VIII. 

5X3iin. 

6693  [THE    MARQUIS    OF    GRAHAM    AND    THE    EARL    OF 
BUCHAN.] 

K.  Fee.  iy84 

Engraving.  Two  officers  in  Highland  dress  stand  back  to  back  in  profile ; 
in  the  background  and  on  a  minute  scale  is  sketched  a  body  of  Highland 
soldiers  carrying  muskets.  One  (r.)  looks  up  waving  his  sword;  the  other 
looks  down  resting  his  hands  on  the  hilt  of  his  drawn  sword. 

They  are  depicted  as  they  appeared  when  recruiting  for  a  volunteer  body, 
the  Caledonian  Band,  raised  in  1783  for  defence  against  the  French. 
Before  the  commissions  arrived  preliminaries  of  peace  had  been  signed 
and  the  Band  was  converted  into  a  body  of  Freemasons  (cf.  No.  7022). 
The  Marquis  of  Graham  (1.)  (see  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  iii.  385-7)  had 
been  elected  colonel,  and  Lord  Buchan  (see  D.N.B.)  lieutenant-colonel. 
Their  martial  attitude  contrasts  with  the  actual  status  of  the  corps. 

'Collection',  No.  23.  Kay,  No.  CXVI. 
3|X2jin. 

6694  CONTEMPLATION. 

K.fee*  1784 

Engraving.  Lord  Monboddo,  seated  full-face,  writing  at  a  small  rect- 
angular table.  His  1.  forefinger  supports  his  cheek,  his  elbow  resting  on 
the  table.  On  the  wall  behind  his  head  is  a  picture :  eight  naked  children, 
all  with  tails,  hold  hands  and  dance  in  a  circle.  The  room  has  a  boarded 
floor  and  a  curtainless  window  (r.). 

A  satire  on  Monboddo 's  Of  the  Origin  and  Progress  of  Language ^  6  vols. 
(1773-92),  in  which  he  studied  man  as  one  of  the  animals  and  maintained 
that  the  ourang-outang  was  a  class  of  the  human  species,  see  No.  7205. 

'Collection',  No.  39.  Kay,  No.  VI. 
5iX4in. 

6695  COURTSHIP.  [1784] 
Kfec* 

Engraving.  A  caricature  of  two  heads  facing  each  other  in  profile.  The 
man  (r.)  laughs  with  gaping  mouth,  the  woman,  whose  profile  is  grotesque 
with  long  nose  and  underhung  jaw  projecting  beyond  the  tip  of  her  nose, 
smiles  broadly ;  each  appears  much  pleased  with  the  other. 

'  Signature  to  Kay  only. 

186 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES    I784 

This  caricature  was  presented  by  Kay  to  his  second  wife  while  he  was 
courting  her;  it  is  suggested  that  the  man  is  intended  for  Kay. 

'Collection',  No.  41.   Kay,  No.  LX. 
2iX4jin. 

6696  JOHN  DOW  SOLDIER  OF  THE  CITY=:  GUARD  EDINR 

/  Crookshanks  S'^ 

PubF  as  the  Act  directs  Jun  1 1784 

Engraving.  H.L.  portrait  of  John  Dhu  or  Dow  in  uniform  and  wearing 
a  cocked  hat.  He  is  seated  and  holds  a  glass,  resting  his  elbow  on  a  table. 
He  holds  a  Lochaber  axe.  He  scowls ;  his  face  is  blotched  with  the  effects 
of  drink.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

And  faithfully  he  tootned  his  Glass  &  Whisky  was  his  kirn  ay. 
Dhu  was  a  favourite  subject  of  John  Kay,  cf.  No.  6689. 
4iX3|in. 

6697  PRIM^  LINiE  [c.  1784] 

Edinburgh  J.  C,  del  [Cruikshank]. 

Aquatint.  Dr.  WiUiam  CuUen  (1710-90)  walks  r.  to  1.,  his  head  bent 
forward  at  a  right  angle  with  his  back,  his  r.  hand  thrust  under  his  waist- 
coat, his  1.  arm  hanging  by  his  side.  Behind  are  the  houses  of  an  Edinburgh 
street;  in  a  gap  between  two  houses  Arthur's  Seat  appears. 

The  leading  professor  of  the  Edinburgh  School  of  Medicine  for  many 
years.  An  etching  by  Kay  dated  1784  depicts  CuUen  walking  in  a  similar 
attitude  (Kay,  No.  CIH). 
6|X4iin. 

6698  A  SCOTCH  BREEZE,  SCENE  NEW  BRIDGE  EDINBURGH. 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Published  as  the  Act  Directs  Janv  iy84 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  tall  and  very  thin  man 
is  being  blown  by  a  gust  of  wind ;  he  holds  on  his  hat  with  his  r.  hand ;  in 
his  1.  is  a  cane.  Behind  him  two  chairmen  with  a  sedan-chair  are  struggling 
with  the  wind ;  its  occupant  appears  to  be  emerging  through  the  window. 
In  the  background  is  the  Castle. 

A  satire  on  Hugo  Amot  (1749-86),  author  of  the  History  of  Edinburgh, 
who  opposed  local  taxation  and  is  said  to  have  retarded  for  ten  years  the 
building  of  the  South  Bridge  in  Edinburgh.  The  subject  of  several  cari- 
cature-portraits by  Kay,  see  No.  6692  and  B.M.  Cat.  ofEngr.  Br.  Portraits. 
Similar  in  manner  to  No.  6697. 
6iX4iin. 

6699  LOVE  IN  A  COFFIN 
[Gillray.] 

London,  Pu¥  Dec'  jo^*  iy84.   by  T.  Trotter 

Engraving.  A  lady  lies  in  a  stone  coffin,  her  charming  feathered  head  rest- 
ing on  a  skull.  The  coffin,  a  stone  sarcophagus  inscribed  Hie  jacet  Stella 

187 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

ccettty  I  In  spec  [sic\  resurectionis  Carnis,  is  supported  on  stone  masonry. 
A  young  man  steps  into  the  r.  end  of  the  coffin,  on  which  rests  the  lady's 
foot,  his  1.  foot  poised  on  a  stone  on  the  ground,  inscribed.  Sic  iter  adastra. 
He  bends  forward,  raising  her  1.  hand  to  his  Hps.  The  grace  and  charm 
of  the  pair  is  in  contrast  with  two  macabre  figures  who  stand  on  the  ex- 
treme 1.  and  r. :  A  man  (1.)  stiffly  erect,  as  if  wearing  grave-clothes,  his 
fiercely  staring  eyeballs  turned  sideways  upon  the  coffin ;  on  the  r.  a  naked 
and  emaciated  figure  holding  a  broken  spear,  with  a  skull-like  head 
resembling  that  of  Death  in  No.  7083,  but  wreathed  with  roses  and  laugh- 
ing broadly,  holds  his  sides.  On  the  1.  droop  the  branches  of  a  weeping 
willow;  on  them  stands  a  Cupid  aiming  his  bow  at  the  lady.  In  the  fore- 
ground (1.)  is  a  skull  which  looks  up,  saying,  Alas,  poor  Yorick.  Beside  it, 
and  at  the  feet  of  the  grim  watcher,  is  a  dilapidated  tombstone  decorated 
with  a  skull  in  profile  and  inscribed :  To  this  Complection  we  must  come  at 
last.  Behind  are  trees  and  the  ruins  of  massive  stone  buildings,  with  a 
pyramid  (r.),  the  apex  of  which  is  broken  away. 

This  scandal  is  the  subject  of  several  prints  showing  that  the  scene  is 
among  ruins  in  Ireland,  the  persons  concerned  a  *Lady  C  and  an  Irish 
volunteer  (as  lover  or  husband),  suggesting  the  Charlemont  family.   See 
Nos.  8246-8. 
9jXi3jin. 

6700  AN  ENGLISH  BALLOON  1784 

[P.  Sandby.i] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  1784  Price  2.  6. 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  6701,  6702,  6703.  A  balloon  in  the 
form  of  a  grinning  face  wearing  a  fool's  cap  across  which  is  etched ; 

An  English  Balloon  [the  title] 
1784 

When  the  World  is  all  Mad,  it  is  sure  the  best  rule 
To  go  smooth  zvith  the  current  in  playing  the  Fool 
*Tis  a  lesson  in  practice  by  simple  John  Bull 

O  the  Mad  Folks  of  Old  England  &c. 
I  wish  some  zuise  Doctor  wou'd  point  it  out  plain 
How  the  Gas  or  Mad  Merc'ry  enters  the  Brain 
Then  I  wish  he  wou'd  cure  it,  but  fear  it's  vain 

O  the  Mad  Folks  of  Old  England  &c. 

Asses'  ears  project  from  the  cap,  and  on  the  front,  above  the  inscription, 
are  two  figures  facing  each  other  in  profile :  a  clown  (1.)  and  Punch  blowing 
soap-bubbles  (r.).  The  balloon  or  head  is  suspended  between  two  plat- 
forms on  a  rope  slung  from  masts  supported  by  pulleys ;  a  flag  flies  from 
one  of  them  (r.).  ^Inflammable  air'  or  gas  is  being  pumped  into  the  balloon 
by  two  large  bellows,  one  on  each  platform,  worked  by  men  using  levers. 
On  each  platform  are  well-dressed  spectators ;  through  the  space  between 
the  platforms  a  crowd  of  more  distant  spectators  is  seen ;  behind  them  is 
the  fafade  of  Bethlehem  Hospital  (Bedlam).  Behind  each  platform  is  a 
group  of  trees.  Flames  appear  to  issue  from  the  back  of  the  balloon. 

A  satire  on  Lunardi's  ascent  from  the  Artillery  Ground  on  15  Sept.  1784. 
On  one  platform  (1.)  are  ladies,  two  wearing  enormous  calash-hoods,  with 

'  From  the  Sandby  Bequest. 

188 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

one  of  whom  a  man,  probably  Lunardi,  is  shaking  hands.  A  very  stout 
woman  in  a  riding-habit  is  seated.  A  man  standing  behind  holding  a 
speaking-trumpet  gives  orders.  A  lady  ascends  to  the  platform  by  a 
ladder.  On  the  other  platform,  besides  some  very  stout  gentlemen,  is 
a  young  man  using  a  speaking-trumpet  with  a  small  dog  under  his  arm ; 
probably  Biggin,  see  No.  6706.  A  cat  and  dog  were  taken  up. 

Verses  are  etched  on  the  vertical  front  of  each  platform  in  the  lower  r. 
and  1.  comers  of  the  print  : 

(1.)    Close  to  those  Walls  where  Folly  holds  her  throne 
And  laughs  to  think  Monroe  would  take  it  down 

It  once  was  a  rule,  when  a  Wit  playd  the  Fool 

To  give  him  a  Cap  with  a  bell 
When  Philosophers  wise  on  Air  Bubbles  rise 

It  surely  would  fit  them  as  well 

Toll  loll  &c 

(r.)  All  that  on  Folly  Frenzy  could  beget 

Fruits  of  dull  Head  and  Sooterkins  of  Wit.  Popes  Dunc[iad] 

Cam,  and  IsiSy  no  more  be  proud  of  your  Store 

In  Classics^  and  ArtSy  take  no  trouble 
Quit  your  Logic  and  Greeks  if  for  Fortune  you  seek 

Lunardi  will  shew  you  his  Bubble 
Toll  de  roll. 

See  Lunardi's  Account  of  the  First  Aerial  Voyage  in  Englandy  1784. 
There  are  in  the  Print  Room  an  etching  (coloured)  by  J.  J.  Brewer  of  the 
ascent  from  the  Artillery  Ground,  and  a  plate  published  by  Fores,  23  Sept. 
1784,  of  *The  Enterprizing  Lunardi's  Grand  Air  Balloon'.  For  others 
satire  on  balloon  ascents  see  Nos.  6333,  &c.,  and  index.  See  also  prints  in 
Banks  Collection,  i,  ff.  20-30  (B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15);  Kay,  Nos.  XXXVI, 
XXXVIII. 

9Axi3i'6in. 

6700  A  An  earlier  state,  without  publication-line  and  without  the  two 
four-line  verses,  the  couplets  only  being  etched  on  the  platforms. 
Reproduced,  Bruel,  No.  103.    Banks  Collection,  i,  fo.  45.    B.M.L.  1890. 
e.  15. 

6701  JOHN  BUL-LOONS  ASSES  DISTANCED  BY  THE  GANZAS 
OR  LARGE  GEESE  OF  DOMINGO  GONSALES  IN  A  VOYAGE 
TO  THE  WORLD  IN  THE  MOON.  [c.  1784] 

[P.  Sandby.] 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  6700,  6702,  6703.  A  procession 
accompanies  a  cart  taking  a  deflated  balloon  and  aeronauts  to  their  point 
of  departure.  In  the  sky  is  a  figure  seated  in  a  chariot  drawn  by  a  flock  of 
geese.  The  cart  is  drawn  (r.  to  1.)  by  six  asses.  The  balloon  is  in  the  form 
of  a  fool's  cap  with  large  ears,  as  in  No.  6704.  On  it  is  inscribed  Caelum 
ipsum  Petimus  Stultitia  (cf.  No.  6702).  In  the  car  of  the  balloon  are  two 
men,  seated,  with  a  dog  ( ?  Blanchard  and  Sheldon).  Four  men  stand  in 
it,  two  waving  flags  (one  decorated  with  a  skull  and  cross-bones),  the  others 
their  hats.  The  procession  is  headed  (1.)  by  a  man  on  horseback  with  a 
speaking-trumpet,  apparently  giving  directions.    Three  men  follow  on 

189 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

clumsy,  decrepit  horses  holding  poles  to  which  ribbons  are  attached  (a  P 
on  the  flank  of  a  horse  may  stand  for  Paul  Sandby) ;  next,  a  boy  on  an  ass 
beating  a  pair  of  drums  leads  a  party  of  musicians,  with  marrow-bone  and 
cleaver,  tambourine,  fiddle,  &c.  Next  are  the  asses  drawing  the  cart 
accompanied  by  a  body  of  men  carrying  trophies  on  poles ;  these  include  a 
coat  and  a  pair  of  breeches.  Spectators  stand  or  walk  on  both  sides  of  the 
procession ;  they  include  a  woman  with  two  children,  three  Highlanders 
taking  snuff,  a  Jew  with  his  show-case  under  his  arm  talking  to  a  stout 
citizen,  and  two  chimney-sweeps. 

The  background  appears  to  be  drawn  with  topographical  precision.  A 
high  paling  encloses  the  grounds  of  a  large  building.  At  right  angles  to 
this,  and  to  the  road  along  which  the  procession  is  passing,  is  an  avenue 
of  trees.  On  the  r.  is  a  detached  brick  building.  The  Union  Coffee  House. 

Probably  a  satire  on  Sheldon's  balloon  (see  No.  6702).  The  title  derives 
from  The  Man  in  the  Moone;  or  a  Discourse  of  a  Voyage  thither  y  by  D.  Gon- 
sales y  by  Godwin,  bishop  of  Hereford,  1638. 

Cf.  a  French  print  of  a  balloon  drawn  by  asses,  Moyen  infaillible  de 
diriger  les  Ballons  (1787),  reproduced,  Grand-Carteret  et  Delteil,  La 
Conquete  de  Vair,  1910,  p.  40. 

Reproduced,  W.  Lockwood  Marsh,  Aeronautical  Prints  and  Drawings^ 
1924,  pi.  47. 
9X13  in. 

6702  CAELUM  IPSUM  PETIMUS  STULTITIA'  [1784] 

[P.  Sandby.] 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  6700,  6701,  6703.  An  enormous 
balloon  not  completely  inflated  rests  on  a  platform  suspended  between  two 
masts ;  it  is  exploding,  flames  and  thick  clouds  of  smoke  pour  from  a  crease 
in  its  contour,  a  number  of  men  with  faggots  on  their  backs  run  from  the 
balloon,  others  are  on  the  platform,  which  is  covered  by  a  large  cloth  or 
net  which  hangs  in  folds.  In  the  air  (1.),  as  if  having  sprung  from  the 
exploding  part  of  the  balloon,  is  a  small  balloon  in  the  form  of  a  head, 
identical  with  that  in  No.  6704,  with  the  same  inscription  and  passenger. 
From  it  streams,  in  place  of  a  rope,  the  tail  of  a  kite. 

This  evidently  represents  the  bursting  of  Keegan's  balloon  in  the  garden 
of  Foley  House.  A  circle  of  posts  with  a  rope  keeps  the  spectators,  who 
are  fashionably  dressed,  from  the  balloon.  Two  men  inside  the  barrier 
(r.),  probably  Blanchard  and  Sheldon,  who  was  to  be  pilot  (see  No.  6703) 
run  towards  the  balloon  shouting  directions  through  speaking-trumpets. 
In  the  foreground  is  one  of  the  small  balloons  which  were  commonly  sent 
up  on  the  occasion  of  an  ascent,  cf .  No.  6668.  In  the  background  are  trees. 
A  number  of  spectators  watch  from  the  top  of  the  high  garden-wall  (1.).^ 
Behind  are  houses,  evidently  those  in  or  near  Portland  Place.  Sheldon's 
projected  ascent  ended  in  disaster  on  25  Sept.  1784.  He  attempted  to  fill 
a  balloon  more  than  three  times  the  size  of  Lunardi's  by  heated  or  rarefied 
air  produced  by  a  furnace  suspended  below  the  balloon.  The  balloon  was 
supported  on  two  masts  and  on  a  platform;  it  burst  while  it  was  being 
filled.  See  London  Chronicle^  Sept.  24,  28,  29.  Except  for  the  contour  of 

"f  Probably  a  pun  on  Foley  (House). 

*  Foley  House  was  noted  for  its  extremely  high  wall.  Town  and  Country  Maga- 
zincy  xvi.  625. 

190 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    I784 

the  balloon  which  appears  to  burlesque  human  posteriors,  and  for  the  little 
balloon  in  the  shape  of  a  fool's  head,  this  is  probably  a  realistic  rendering 
of  the  scene,  see  No.  6703. 
8Jxi3in. 

6703  ALL  ON  FIRE— OR  THE  DOCTORS  DISAPPOINTED 

[?P.  Sandby.] 

London  Published  Oct  20  1^84  by  E  Wyatt  N"  360  Oxford  Street. 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  6700,  6701,  6702.  A  realistic  view 
of  the  bursting  of  Keegan's  balloon  in  the  gardens  of  Foley  House.  The 
balloon,  supported  on  two  masts,  is  burning.  Spectators  stand  in  the  fore- 
ground behind  a  rope ;  two  men,  one  wearing  a  short  jacket  and  trousers, 
the  other  in  ordinary  dress  with  top-boots,  shout  directions  through 
speaking-trumpets.  They  are  numbered  J  and  2,  referring  to  a  marginal 
note :  i  The  Principal  Figure  2  Companion  to  ditto  (see  No.  6702).  They 
are  safely  behind  the  rope  and  are  addressing  men  who  are  attempting  to 
deal  with  the  conflagration.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched,  A  View  taken  in 
Lord  Foley s  Garden  Sep,  2g.  1784.  In  the  background  are  the  houses  of 
Portland  Place,  with  other  buildings  (r.)  to  the  NE.  of  it. 

Captain  Edward  Thompson,  R.N.,  writes  in  his  diary  under  27  Sept. 
1784:  ^M*^  Sheldon,  a  man  of  surgical  ability,  but  an  arrant  Quixot  in  air- 
balloon  bubbles  .  .  .  obtained  Lord  FoUey's  garden  to  exhibit  his  airy 
nonsense  in.  The  country  was  deserted  to  attend  this  matter.  The  balloon 
was  of  canvass  and  filled  with  straw  and  smoke,  and  four  gentlemen 
Daedali  to  ascend.*  Cornhill  Magazine,  vol.  17  (1868),  p.  639.  See  No. 
6702. 

Reproduced,  W.  Lockwood  Marsh,  Aeronautical  Prints  and  Drawings, 
1924,  pi.  46;  Bruel,  No.  129. 

Banks  Collection,  i,  fo.  37.   B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15. 
9isXi3|in. 

6704  THE  ENGLISH  BALLOON  1784. 

[P.  Sandby.] 

Aquatint,  heading  to  etched  verses.  A  balloon  in  the  form  of  a  face  with 
ears  and  wearing  a  fool's  cap,  as  in  No.  6701,  is  rising  from  the  ground. 
On  the  front  of  the  cap  is  the  title  of  the  print.  An  aeronaut  stands  in  the 
circular  basket  manipulating  a  pair  of  wings  and  leaning  over  to  look  at 
the  ground.  A  coiling  rope  hangs  from  the  balloon.  The  balloon  is  tilted 
and  the  face  looks  down  grinning  at  the  crowd  which  is  standing  on  roof- 
tops. A  dome  (probably  St.  Paul's)  and  spire  are  visible.  The  figures, 
though  minute  and  slightly  sketched,  are  well  characterized.  Two  shout 
through  speaking-trumpets.  Beneath  is  etched: 

Since  air  Ballooning  is  the  Ton  among  the  Higher  Folk 
A  Middle  Class  may  take  it  up  and  Turn  it  to  a  Joke. 

And  a  joking  we  will  go  &c 

By  Complaisance  and  French  BalloonSy  Gay  Gallias  Flighty  Sons 
Next  year  'mongst  other  pretty  Toys,  may  Smuggle  over  Nuns 

And  a  joking  we  will  go  &c 

191 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Then  Justice  P [?  Pitt]  may  take  it  up,  as  matter  of  Great  weight 

Or  lay  a  New  and  Heavy  Tax  on  evWy  Thing  thats  Light 

And  a  joking  &c 

Pray  drop  your  jokes  ye  naughty  Men  some  pretty  Ladies  say 
For  Modesty  canH  hear  a  joke y  hut  in  a  Middle  way. 

And  a  joking  &c 

Yet  in  a  joke  a  Tale  to  tell  may  Jill  them  with  surprise 
If  Men  jind  Gas  for  their  Balloons y  in  time  they^d  Quick  arise 

And  a  joking  we  will  go 

The  Graces  now  may  take  the  Bally  let  them  the  Point  Discuss 
Who  with  their  pretty  Lilly  Hands  have  stroked  Lunar dVs  Puss 

And  a  joking  we  will  go 

How  Vain  Philosophers  will  Prate,  how  Vain  is  all  our  Trouble 
This  World  like  Keegans  Huge  Balloon  is  nothing  but  a  Bubble. 

See  Nos.  6702,  6703.  This  same  balloon  floats  in  the  air  in  No.  6702. 
3jX5iV>9Ax6|in.  (pL). 

6705  THE  NEW  MAIL  CARRIERS,  OR  MONTGOLFIER  AND 
KATTERFELTO  TAKING  AN  AIRING  IN  BALLOONS. 

[i  Jan.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler^ s  Magazine.  In  the  upper  part  of  the  print 
are  two  spheres  each  encircled  by  a  belt  or  gallery;  on  one  (1.)  stands 
Katerfelto,  on  the  other  (r.)  Montgolfier.  They  address  each  other,  hat  in 
hand:  Katerfelto  says,  Monsieur  Montgolfier  let  us  be  reconciled ',  Mont- 
golfier answers,  Let  us  fly  up  to  de  Sun  M^  Katerfelto,  On  the  top  of 
Katerfelto's  balloon  stands  his  black  cat,  apparently  surrounded  by 
kittens;  on  the  other  sits  an  ape  playing  the  fiddle.  The  devil  holding  a 
broom  flies  between  the  two  balloons.  In  the  lower  part  of  the  print  are 
the  heads  and  shoulders  of  spectators,  who  stand  looking  up  and  pointing. 
Labels  from  the  mouths  of  four  of  them  are  inscribed  Wonderful!  wonder- 
ful! (cf.  No.  6162);  How  soon  can  they  get  to  heaven? 'y  These  balloons  are  to 
carry  the  mails',  There^s  the  devil  to  pay  in  the  Air, 

For  other  prints  inspired  by  Montgolfier 's  ascents  in  1783  and  for  the 
quack  Katerfelto  see  volume  v  (index). 
6iX3iiin. 

6706  LOVE  IN  A  BALLOON.  [i  Nov.  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  A  balloon  just  above  the  ridge 
of  a  roof  on  which  are  spectators.  It  has  a  rectangular  cage  or  basket  in 
which  stand  Lunardi  and  a  lady  embracing.  Lunardi  (r.)  says.  Ah  Madame 
it  rises  Majestically ;  she  answers,  I  feel  it  does  Signor.  A  man  seated  on  the 
roof  says.  Damme  he's  no  Italian  but  a  man  every  Inch  of  him.  The  balloon 
is  striped  and  covered  with  a  net.  A  pair  of  'oars'  or  wings  is  attached  to 
the  basket.  In  the  distance  (r.)  is  St.  Paul's. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  balloon  ascents  of  Lunardi  and  others. 
Mrs.  Sage  (with  Biggin)  was  to  have  accompanied  Lunardi  (see  No.  6700) 
but  the  weight  was  too  great. 

9fX3^in. 

192 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES  I  784 

6707  CHEVALIER  HUMGRUFFIER  AND  THE  MARQUIS  DE 
GULL  MAKING  AN  EXCURSION  TO  THE  MOON  IN  THEIR 
NEW  AERIAL  VEHICLE. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  Fehy  20^^  1784,  by  J.  Basire,  N""  16, 
S*  John's  Lane,  Clerkenwell. 

Engraving.  Well-dressed  spectators  gaze  upwards  at  a  round  balloon 
decorated  with  suns,  crescent  moons,  and  stars.  It  supports  an  open  boat 
with  a  sail  and  rudder  in  which  two  Frenchmen  sit  facing  each  other. 
One  (1.)  holds  an  umbrella,  the  other  bends  towards  him  gesticulating. 
Beneath  the  boat  hangs  a  rectangular  cage  containing  three  birds. 

One  of  many  satires  on  balloon  ascents,  here  combined  with  ridicule  of 
the  foppish  Frenchman  (cf.  p.  166). 
7|xsf  in.  Banks  Collection,  i,  fo.  44.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15. 

6708  THE  AIR  BALLOON. 

Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles  N°  6g  in  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yardy  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  i  April  1784 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Spectators,  slightly  caricatured,  stand  in 
a  circle  watching  a  monk  falling  head  first  from  a  shallow,  open  boat 
attached  to  a  round  balloon.  A  French  flag  flies  from  each  end  of  the  boat. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Here  Old  Father  Paul, 

Gets  a  terrible  fall. 

From  a  Balloon  as  it  mounted  in  Air; 

Ah!  Montgolfier  says  he. 

You  have  fairly  gulVd  me. 

So  in  future  be  caWd  Men — gull— fair. 

One  of  many  satires  on  balloon  ascents.  For  Montgolfier  see  Nos.  6333, 
6334  (1783).   For  Father  Paul  (in  Sheridan's  Duenna)  cf.  Nos.  3780-2. 
9i^gX6J  in.  Banks  Collection,  i,  fo.  48.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15. 

6709  THE  BATTLE  OF  THE  BALLOONS. 

Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  5'  Pauls  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  16  Dec^  1784. 

Engraving.  Two  French  balloons  (1.)  fight  two  English  balloons  (r.).  The 
two  centre  balloons  are  small  compared  with  the  two  exterior  ones  on 
the  r.  and  1.  From  the  French  balloons  hang  shallow,  open  boats,  from  the 
sides  of  which  cannon  project ;  rectangular  cages  are  suspended  from  the 
English  balloons.  All  have  a  sail  attached  to  the  cage  or  boat,  and  a  flag, 
French  or  British.  In  each  are  three  men,  one  being  a  navigator,  and  one 
with  a  musket ;  the  third  appears  to  be  firing  one  of  the  cannon.  In  the 
larger  English  balloon  the  man  with  a  musket  speaks  through  a  trumpet. 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

Behold  an  odd  Fight,  two  odd  Nations  between. 
Such  odd  fighting  as  this  was  never  yet  seen; 
But  such  fights  will  be  common  (as  Dunce  to  feel  Rod) 
In  the  Year  of  One  Thousand  eight  Hundred  and  odd. 

For  other  anticipations  of  aerial  warfare  see  Nos.  6435,  &c.,  6710. 
SieXQie  in-  Banks  Collection,  i,  fo.  48.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15. 

193  o 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6710  [THE  GRAND  BRITISH  BALLOON.] 

Published  De(f  r^'*,  I784y  by  J,  Wallis,  N""  i6,  Ludgate  Street, 
London, 

Engraving.  An  elaborate  and  fantastic  military  (or  naval)  balloon,  to  which 
is  attached  a  ship  and  other  appendages,  with  letters  referring  to  explana- 
tory notes  which  are  missing  but  have  been  supplied  from  an  altered 
re-issue  of  24  Feb.  1798  entitled  *The  Grand  Republican  Balloon  .  .  .*. 

The  balloon  is  round  and  is  crossed  horizontally  and  diagonally  by 
exterior  galleries.  On  its  summit  stands  the  British  lion,  crowned  and 
holding  an  admiral's  flag.  Round  the  equator  of  the  balloon  is  a  carved 
projecting  gallery  on  which  are  tents  and  one  or  two  men  whose  minute  size 
shows  the  large  scale  of  the  balloon.  A  single  larger  tent  (r.)  is  *A  Tent 
for  the  Inspector  of  the  Cordage' ;  a  row  of  smaller  tents  (1.),  'Tents  for  the 
Aerial  Navigators  and  Pumpers'.  A  feathered  wing  projects  from  each  side 
of  the  balloon :  *small  wings  for  Ornament'.  On  the  centre  of  the  upper 
half  of  the  balloon  is  a  royal  crown,  with  above  it  2440  (cf .  Mercier,  L'An 
2440y  revey  sHl  en  fut  jamais y  i^'jz)  and  below  it  G.R.  A  platform  sup- 
ported on  a  carved  bracket,  a  'Gallery  for  mounting  Guard',  projects  in 
profile  from  the  central  gallery  (1.) ;  it  is  crowded  with  men,  one  of  whom 
looks  through  a  telescope.  A  lantern  on  a  vertical  post  is  erected  at  the 
point  of  junction  of  this  platform  with  the  balloon ;  it  is  'The  Light  House'. 
Attached  to  this  platform  by  ropes  is  'A  small  Balloon  to  serve  as  a  Boat' ;  it 
resembles  Lunardi's  balloon  and  in  its  basket  is  a  man.  In  large  letters 
across  the  balloon  below  the  gallery  are  the  words  Pro  Bono  Publico.  'Pipes 
to  let  out  the  Inflammable  Air'  project  from  the  centre  of  the  lower  half 
of  the  balloon  and  also  in  profile  to  the  1. ;  below  the  latter  is  a  platform 
on  which  are  men ;  the  pipes  emit  smoke. 

The  balloon  is  connected  with  the  ship  beneath  by  stout  and  elaborate 
cordage  on  pulleys,  including  two  pairs  of  triple  'Rope  Ladders  to  which 
the  Ship  is  fastened';  and  also  by  a  large  cylinder  or  pipe  which  enters  the 
balloon  at  its  lowest  point,  this  is  'The  Grand  Aerostatic  Pipe'.  The  ship 
is  elaborate  and  fantastic,  its  bows  (r.),  projecting  in  a  spike,  terminate  in 
a  sail;  on  this  spike  'A  Cannon  for  Signals'  is  being  fixed.  Behind  it,  let 
into  the  bows,  are  organ-pipes;  they  have  been  removed  from  the  1798 
reissue.  Below  is  a  row  of  large  windows ;  they  are  'Ordinances  and  Coffee 
Houses*.  On  the  deck  of  the  ship  are  elaborate  buildings :  at  the  stern  (1.) 
is  a  building  with  a  steeple,  a  turret,  a  bell  under  a  pent-house,  and  a 
baroque  fa9ade;  it  resembles  a  church,  but  in  the  republican  version  of 
1798  is  'The  Hospital'.  Beside  it  is  a  platform  supporting  a  gigantic 
telescope  which  projects  beyond  the  stem  of  the  balloon.  Three  men  stand 
by  it,  one  looking  through  it,  another  holding  a  flag.  They  are  'Aerial 
Officers  on  the  look  out'.  The  roof  of  a  smaller  building  in  the  bows  is 
*The  General's  House*.  To  the  deck  of  the  ship  (r.)  is  attached  a  large  sail, 
the  upper  part  of  which  is  attached  to  the  balloon  by  cords  and  pulleys. 
In  the  side  of  the  ship  is  a  row  of  rectangular  apertures,  open,  through  each 
of  which  projects  the  muzzle  of  a  gun.  Below  is  a  row  of  tall  windows,  each 
with  a  pediment,  'Apartments  for  Officers'.  A  large  and  ornate  projection 
from  the  stern,  on  which  is  a  small  building  with  a  round  tower,  is  'The 
Helm',  the  building  being  'The  Lodge  of  the  Helm- Keeper*. 

Below  the  keel  of  the  ship  and  attached  to  it  by  ropes  and  pulleys  are 
three  other  elaborate  appendages.  In  the  centre  hangs  a  large  cask,  one 
end  of  which  is  approached  by  a  gangway  or  rope-ladder  from  the  ship. 

194 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

This  is  'Grand  Magazine  of  Combustibles*.  On  the  I.  is  a  cage,  resembling 
that  of  a  parrot,  but  with  two  floors,  both  crowded  with  people;  on  the 
lower  floor  there  is  also  a  tent.  A  broad  gangway,  crowded  with  people, 
connects  it  with  the  ship.  A  small  rectangular  building  beside  the  cage  is 
approached  by  a  rope-ladder  from  the  gangway.  The  cage,  gangway,  &c., 
have  all  been  removed  from  the  1798  plate  and  are  therefore  unexplained.* 
From  the  bows  of  the  ship  is  suspended  a  cottage-shaped  building,  also 
approached  by  a  gangway  on  which  are  figures;  this  is  'The  Water  Closet'. 
The  summit  of  a  rocky  mountain  is  sketched  in  the  lower  r.  corner  of  the 
design.   For  anticipations  of  aerial  warfare  see  Nos.  6435,  &c.,  6799. 

This  print  was  the  basis  of  a  jest  or  hoax  by  ^^tienne  Gaspard  Robertson 
(i.e.  fils  de  Robert),  Belgian  physician  and  aeronaut  (i 763-1 837).  He 
circulated  widely  a  pamphlet,  La  Minerve,  Vaisseau  aerien,  destine  aux 
Decouvertes  et  propose  a  toutes  les  Academies  de  V Europe  par  le  Professeur 
Robertson^  Vienna  1804,  reprinted  Paris  1820,  the  plate  of  *La  Minerve* 
being  an  adaptation  of  a  French  copy  of  No.  6710  (see  below)  with  the 
addition  of  a  descending  parachute.  The  cage  is  transformed  into  a 
circular  paviHon  for  *  dames  curieuses*.  In  this  he  professed  to  be  able  to 
circumnavigate  the  globe  in  a  few  days.  The  interior  contained  laboratory, 
lecture-hall,  theatre,  &c.  J.  Grand-Carteret  et  L.  Delteil,  La  Conquete  de 
Vair  vue  par  Vimage^  1910,  pp-  151-5  (reproduction). 

A  copy  was  pubHshed  at  Berne  in  1784  (*B.  A.  Dunker  inv.  et  del.').  The 
initials  G.R.  are  removed,  the  crown  modified,  and  the  British  lion  replaced 
by  the  Gallic  cock. 

A  similar  version,  pub.  a  Paris  chez  Pithou^  is  reproduced,  Bruel,  No.  203. 

Another  version,  reversed  and  altered,  was  published  *A  Lyon  chez 
Joubert  rue  Merciere'.  The  lion  is  replaced  by  a  cock  holding  a  banner 
inscribed  2440.  The  crown  and  G.R.  are  replaced  by  an  escutcheon  of 
Folly  with  cap  and  bells  (cf.  No.  6700,  &c.).  Reproduction,  Grand- 
Carteret,  op.  cit.,  p.  152;  also  of  No.  6710,  p.  151. 
i3|Xio|in. 

6711   LORD  MAYOR'S  DAY,  OR,  FILLING  THE  GLUTTON'S 
BALLOON. 

W.D.  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J,  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  NoV"  9^*  1^84^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  very  fat  alderman  in  a  furred  livery 
gown  and  tie-wig,  with  a  very  protruding  stomach,  is  being  fed  with  turtle 
soup,  &c.  He  is  seated  in  an  armchair  on  a  small  dais  inscribed,  ^*Fair 
round  Belly  with  good  capon  lin'd'\  Shakespear.  A  lean  French  cook  (1.), 
with  a  very  long  queue  and  ruffled  shirt,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  holding 
out  a  tureen  inscribed  Turtle ;  he  says.  By  gar,  if  de  paunch  vos  not  as  thick 
as  de  head  he  vos  burst.  Another  cook  puts  soup  into  the  Alderman's  mouth 
with  a  spoon.  At  their  feet  are  five  empty  dishes  and  a  sauce-boat.  Behind 
the  alderman  (r.)  approach  two  waiters,  one  bringing  an  ice-pudding,  the 
other  a  bottle  of  Champaign  and  a  glass ;  he  says.  By  Got,  his  worship  to 
fill  de  Belly  will  empty  My  Lor's  cellar.  At  their  feet  are  three  empty  plates 

^  In  a  French  version  they  are  explained  as  'Filles  de  bonne  volenti  dans  leur 
H6tel  garni*. 

^  The  date  appears  to  have  been  altered  in  ink  from  1784  to  1785,  perhaps  for 
reissue  on  the  following  Lord  Mayor's  Day. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  six  empty  wine-bottles  inscribed  Champaign^  Hock^  Burgundy y  Claret. 
Above  the  aldennan's  head  is  inscribed:  Oye  Cooks!  what  havock  Gluttony 
makes  among  your  Works. 

On  each  side  of  the  title  is  an  escutcheon,  one  (1.)  with  the  City  arms, 
the  other  (r.)  with  a  turtle.  Beneath  the  title  twelve  lines  of  verse  are 
etched,  beginning: 

First  in  Glutton^s  list  stands  K — tch — n 
His  appetite  is  ev^r  itching; 
With  Turtle  stiff,  and  solid  haunch, 
The  hungry  Cit  Balloons  his  paunch; 

Henry  Kitchin,  or  Kitchen,  of  the  Curriers*  Company,  Alderman  of 
Farringdon  Within,  was  a  favourite  butt  of  Dent,  see  Nos.  6260,  6314. 
He  was  elected  alderman  in  1779,  died  5  Feb.  1786.  Beaven,  Aldermen  of 
London,  ii.  136. 
7jXi2jin. 

6712  MELPOMENE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec'  6^*  17^4^  fy  J'  Ridgeway  N°  ig6  Piccadilly  London. 

Aquatint.  Design  in  an  oval.  Mrs.  Siddons  stands  on  the  stage,  her  head 
turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  her  1.  hand  outstretched  to  take  a  heavy  purse 
which  hangs  on  a  pitchfork  emerging  from  clouds.  To  take  it  she  has 
dropped  a  dagger  which  falls  to  the  ground.  In  her  1.  hand  is  a  cup  whose 
contents  she  is  pouring  on  the  ground.  The  panniers  of  her  dress  fly  back- 
wards revealing  two  bulging  pockets,  one  full  of  guineas,  the  other  of  notes 
or  cheques  inscribed  £1000,  £300^  &c.   She  is  saying: 

Famish'd  &  spent  relieving  others  woe. 
Your  poor  devoted  Suppliant  only  begs. 
This  morsel  for  to  buy  a  bit  of  Bread. 

The  black  clouds  of  smoke  from  which  the  pitchfork  projects  rise  in  a 
pillar  of  cloud  from  the  pit  of  the  theatre  where  flames  are  indicated,  from 
which  come  the  words  Encore!  Encore!  In  the  background  a  temple  of 
Fame  on  a  mountain-top  is  collapsing,  the  pillars  shattered;  the  figure 
of  Fame  falls  backward,  dropping  his  trumpet. 

Mrs.  Siddons  had  an  undeserved  reputation  for  stinginess,  see  D.N.B. 
Cf.  No.  7716. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  68.  Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  Ixxiii. 
13x9!  in. 

6713  VELUTI  IN  SPECULUM 

Violante  inven:  Felix  fecit   [  ?  Townshend.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  26  April  1784  by  E.  D  Achery  S^  James:' 
Str^. 

Engraving.  The  proscenium  of  a  small  theatre  is  suggested  by  an  archway 
over  which  is  the  accustomed  motto,  forming  the  title.  On  the  front  of  the 
stage  a  very  fat  lady  (1.)  and  a  thin  man  (r.)  in  Elizabethan  or  early  Stuart 

196 


PERSONAL  AND   SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

dress  advance  to  meet  each  other  with  outstretched  hands.   Beneath  the 
design  is  etched : 

Fore  Gad  that  Caecilia*s  a  charming  young  Woman  ! 
Were  you  Miss  Larolles  at  the  Play  at  Ham-Common  ? 

The  figures  are  identified  in  a  contemporary  hand  as  Mrs.  Hobart  and 
Mr.  Bradshaw.  Mrs.  Hobart  had  a  villa  on  Ham  Common  which  she  called 
Sans  Souciy  where  she  gave  fetes  and  amateur  theatricals.  Walpole,  Letters, 
xii.  26,  365;  XV.  I,  117.  Miss  Larolles,  a  character  in  Fanny  Burney*8 
Ceciliay  is  a  young  and  lively  lady  to  be  impersonated  by  the  fat  Mrs. 
Hobart.   Cf.  No.  7737. 

The  manner  resembles  that  of  drawings  by  Townshend. 

lOi^xSi^gin. 


6714  THE  PLATONIC  LOVERS. 

Designed  by  Fashion.  Exec^  by  Folly, 

W.D.   [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Cattermoul  Oxford  Street^  March  2g*^ 
1784. 

Etching.  The  box  of  a  theatre  seen  from  the  front.  Lord  Derby  1.  and 
Miss  Farren  r.  sit  facing  each  other  in  profile,  their  heads  close  together, 
both  smiling.  He  sits  on  the  back  bench  leaning  forward,  she  sits  on  the 
front  bench  turning  round  towards  him.  She  holds  a  fan  on  which  is  a 
profile  head  of  an  old  crone  inscribed  Diana^  with  some  resemblance  to  her 
own  sharp  features ;  on  each  side  of  it  is  a  leafless  tree.  Her  hair  is  elabo- 
rately dressed  with  feathers  and  ringlets  in  the  fashion  of  c.  1777.  Round 
her  tightly-laced  waist  is  a  narrow  belt  inscribed  Cestus^  evidently  repre- 
senting the  girdle  of  chastity.  In  the  opposite  corner  of  the  box  (1.),  her 
back  turned  to  the  lovers,  is  a  woman  wearing  a  cloak  and  hood.  The  box 
is  decorated  with  emblems  of  the  relations  between  Lord  Derby  and  Miss 
Farren :  two  heads  decorate  the  sides  of  the  box,  one  of  Lord  Derby  (1.), 
with  satyr's  ears,  a  beard,  and  stag's  horns,  one  inscribed  Dorset^  looking 
with  a  grin  towards  the  couple  in  the  box.  On  the  opposite  side  is  a  similar 
head,  with  satyr's  ears  and  small  horns  sprouting  from  his  forehead;  he 
looks  with  a  grin  at  the  lovers  and  is  perhaps  intended  for  the  Duke  of 
Dorset.  A  bird  is  perched  above  the  centre  of  the  box ;  it  leans  towards  the 
lovers  saying  Cuckoo.  Beneath  the  centre  of  the  box,  at  the  central  point 
of  a  carved  festoon  of  leaves,  a  pig  and  a  cat  face  each  other,  each  with  its 
fore-paws  on  the  other's  shoulder. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched,  A  Scene^  in  the  green  Boxes  between  Lord 
Doodle  and  Miss  Tittups  with  her  Mamma  at  an  humble  distance.  Below  this 
are  the  thoughts  of  Miss  Farren :  What  a  charming  life  I  lead  to  what  I  did — 
my  Lord  likes  me — and  I  like  my  Lord.  Miss  Tittup  in  Garrick's  Bon  Ton 
was  one  of  Miss  Farren 's  first  London  parts.  Lady  Derby  had  a  liaison  with 
the  Duke  of  Dorset  from  1778.  Her  husband  refused  to  divorce  her,  being 
determined  to  prevent  their  marriage.  G.  E.  C,  Complete  Peerage.  On  her 
death  in  1797  he  married  Miss  Farren.  See  No.  5901. 

9ix8Jin.(pl.). 

197 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6715  THE  DOWNFALL  OF  TASTE  &  GENIUS  OR  THE  WORLD 
AS  IT  GOES.  [c.  1784] 

S.C,  fed'  [Collings.] 

Ful^  by  W.  Humphrey  22y  Strand, 

Engraving.  Men,  women,  and  animals  rush  r.  to  1. :  figures  representing 
modern  follies  pursue  others  representing  Truth,  Art,  &c.  A  hooded 
female  figure  (1.)  holding  a  serpent,  representing  Faction  or  Discord,  holds 
up  a  cracked  mirror  which  she  appears  to  have  taken  from  Truth  who  runs 
beside  her.  Behind  them  are  three  female  figures:  Painting,  holding  a 
palette  and  brushes,  lies  on  the  ground,  about  to  be  trampled  on  by  a  pig 
with  a  collar  inscribed  Learned  Pig ;  on  one  side  of  her  is  Sculpture,  a  young 
woman  with  a  mallet  and  chisel  half-seated  on  the  ground,  and  on  the 
other  Music,  prostrate,  with  a  lyre  and  laurel  wreath  beside  her.  The 
pursuers  are  mountebanks  and  performing  animals,  the  foremost  being  the 
Learned  Pig.  Beside  it  is  a  monkey  riding  a  large  dog  and  holding  a  flag 
inscribed  Gen^  Jacko ;  another  monkey  in  military  uniform  is  bounding 
forward.  An  equestrian  performer  rides  a  horse  standing  on  one  leg.  A 
harlequin,  with  his  club,  a  Mother  Shipton,  and  a  fashionably  dressed  man 
waving  his  hat  march  forward.  With  them  are  other  performing  animals : 
a  hare  beating  a  drum,  a  dog  in  legal  wig  and  gown,  and  another  dog 
dressed  as  a  woman.  Open  on  the  ground  lie  Shakespeares  Plays  and  Popes 
Works.  A  H.L.  statue  of  a  woman  on  a  terminal  pillar  has  three  pairs  of 
breasts;  a  man  wearing  cap  and  bells  is  sprinkling  her  high-piled  hair 
with  powder;  above  her  head  is  the  word  Nature.  In  the  upper  r. 
comer  of  the  print  part  of  an  ascending  balloon  is  visible,  its  car  inscribed 
Lunardiy  while  the  aeronaut  waves  a  flag  with  three  fleurs-de-lis  (see 
No.  6700). 

Behind  the  figures  are  four  battered  columns,  on  each  of  which  is  a 
statue.  Fame  (1.)  holds  two  broken  trumpets;  Wisdom^  holding  a  shield 
and  spear,  is  decapitated,  her  owl  perches  on  her  neck ;  Justice  holds  her 
sword  and  scales,  both  broken ;  Virtue  is  a  man  with  a  wooden  leg  supported 
on  a  crutch,  holding  out  his  hat  as  if  begging.  In  the  background  are 
sketched  two  ruined  temples,  each  on  a  hill:  [Temlple  Fame  and  Temple 
Virtue. 

A  satire  on  the  taste  and  amusements  of  the  day.  General  Jackoo  or 
Jacko,  'the  astonishing  monkey  from  the  fair  of  S*^  Germain's  Paris',  per- 
formed at  Astley's  during  the  summer  season  of  1784.  See  play-bills  in 
Banks  Collection,  i,  ff.  72,  74,  77;  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15.  Two  troupes  of 
performing  dogs,  'from  France  and  Italy',  were  much  advertised  attractions 
at  Astley's  and  Sadler's  Wells  in  the  summer  of  1785.  Ut  supra  and 
ff.  75,  76,  and  No.  7214.  For  the  Learned  Pig  see  No.  6857,  &c.  The 
equestrian  performer  and  the  Harlequin  and  his  companions  probably 
satirize  performances  at  Astley's  Amphitheatre  and  the  Royal  Circus,  at 
both  of  which,  besides  feats  of  horsemanship,  there  were  pantomimes,  that 
at  Astley's  being  (1784)  Harlequin  Emperor  of  the  Moon.  At  Drury  Lane 
Harlequin  Junior,  or,  the  Magic  Cestus  was  part  of  the  bill,  and  at  Covent 
Garden  there  was  a  new  farce.  Aerostation,  or  the  Templars  Stratagem. 
Newspaper  advertisements,  Oct.,  Nov.,  &c.,  1784. 

For  the  association  of  balloon  ascents  with  these  'foUies',  cf.  No.  6333, 
&c.,  and  balloon  prints  passim. 

8i|xi2|in. 

198 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1784 

6716  LA  POLITESSE  FRANCOISE,  OR  THE  ENGLISH  LADIES 
PETITION  TO  HIS  EXCELLENCY  THE  MUSHROOM  AM- 
BASSADOR 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  May  4^^  1784  by  H.  Humphrey  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  A  French  petit-maitre  stands  chapeau-bras  (1.),  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  bending  forward,  his  1.  hand  in  his  breeches  pocket,  his  r.  hand  raised. 
Behind  him  are  five  ladies  on  their  knees,  making  gestures  of  supplica- 
tion. He  wears  bag-wig,  laced  suit,  and  sword.  The  ladies,  who  are  young 
and  pretty,  wear  feathered  hats  or  feathers  in  their  hair.  He  says,  parblue 
Mesdatnes  vous  rCy  viendrez pas.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 

With  clasped  hands  and  bended  knees 
They  humbly  sought  the  Count  to  please 
And  beg'd  admission  to  his  house 
Not  that  for  him  they  care*d  a  louse 
But  wished  within  his  walls  to  shine 
And  shew  those  charms  they  think  divine 
His  Ex  beheld  these  Belles  unmoved 

His  A e  their  impudence  reproved 

Cannaille  he  said  shoud  ne^er  come  there 
&  rumped  them  with  a  pet  en  Pair. 

The  French  ambassador  was  Comte  d'Adhemar. 
Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  147. 
5fX9/gin. 

6717  MONEY  LENDERS. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub<^  Novemr  8*^  1784  by  W.  Humphrey  N""  227  Strand 

Engraving.  A  young  man  (1.)  in  riding  dress,  faces  two  money-lenders  (r.) ; 
all  are  seated  beside  a  table  on  which  is  a  coffee-pot,  cup,  &c.  He  leans 
back  in  a  nonchalant  attitude,  his  riding-whip  in  his  r.  hand,  his  1.  held  out 
towards  the  usurers.  Although  the  likeness  is  not  pronounced,  the  star  on 
his  coat,  together  with  his  youth,  indicate  the  Prince  of  Wales.  Both 
usurers  are  gnarled  and  elderly,  one,  with  the  beard  and  profile  of  a  Jew, 
is  reading  a  large  deed  with  pendent  seals.  The  other,  wearing  a  bag-wig 
and  holding  his  hat  on  his  knee,  looks  towards  the  deed  with  a  satisfied 
expression. 

The  first  of  many  satires  on  the  Prince's  debts,  cf.  No.  6965,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.   148.    Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Juden  in  der 
KarikatuTy  1921,  p.  46. 
8iXi2f  in. 

6718  A  NEW  INSECT. 

[  ?  Rowlandson.] 

Pub  as  the  Act  directs y  12*^  May.  1784.  by  a  Lover  of  Natural  History. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  slim  man,  standing, 
chapeau'brasy  in  profile  to  the  r.  He  is  fashionably  dressed  in  a  high-collared 

199 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

coat  cut  back  to  form  tails,  and  shirt  frill;  his  shoes  have  very  large 
buckles.  His  hair  is  in  a  queue  resembling  that  worn  by  the  Macaronies 
c.  1772  but  smaller  and  attached  to  the  back  of  his  head  instead  of  falling 
on  his  shoulders.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched,  These  Species  of  Insects ,  of  late 
are  become  exceeding  numerouSy  {like  the  Green  Louse,  when  first  brought  to 
Amsterdaniy  from  a  single  one,  has  proceeded  such  Swarms  as  to  be  of  alarming 
Consequence)  their  Colours  are  various,  &  cast  their  Coats  like  the  Camelion, 
sometimes  to  ten  different  Shades  of  a  day,  it  is  difficult  to  distinguish  the  Male 
of  these  Reptiles  from  the  Female,  as  the  Voice  &  Manner  approaches  nearer 
to  the  Feminine  than  Masculine.  Liquor  they  are  peculiarly  fond  of,  and 
when  in  a  State  of  Inebriation  are  so  troublesome,  that  it  requires  a  stout  Cane 
to  keep  them  from  stinging  you.  They  are  in  being  all  the  Year  round,  are 
chiefly  to  be  found  in  the  Boxes  of  the  Theatres,  Publick  Gardens,  Concerts,  &c. 
You  may  hear  them  long  before  they  come  to  View,  by  a  shrill  squeak  of  Dem 

me.  Gad  Zounds,  Blood  &  Thunder,  D m'd  Boar  &  such  Phrases.   The 

celebrated  Linneus  attributes  their  Generation  to  the  Putrified  Essence  of 
Lavender,  Bergamot,  Marchalle  Powder,  Violets,  Pomatums,  Snuff,  Grease 
&c.  &c.  Although  their  first  Appearance  has  a  terrible  Aspect,  they  are  as 
harmless  and  inoffensive,  when  sober,  as  New  Born  Babes. 

A  Buckling  of  this  Species,  differs  from  a  Buck,  much  in  the  same  manner 
as  a  Hornet  to  a  Wasp. 

Endorsed  in  an  old  hand  Tutador,  a  Jew  Musician',  evidently  Charles 
Furtado,  pianoforte  player  and  composer.  Eitner,  Lexikon  der  Musiker, 
1901.'  See  Nos.  7413,  7439.  The  dress  resembles  that  of  Topham,  a  leader 
of  fashion,  cf.  No.  6854,  ^c-»  ^^id  shows  an  early  instance  of  the  sparrow-tail 
coat,  which  became  fashionable  in  1786,  see  No.  7021.  The  title  seems  to 
have  been  applied  to  foppish  specialists  in  dress,  cf.  No.  7021  and  verses 
called  The  Shoe-Tie,  by  T.  Nicholls  (a  poetaster  fl.  c.  1790-1823),  which 
are  *incribed  to  Alexander  Guppy  Esq.  commonly  called  the  New  Insect*. 
He  is  alleged  to  have  introduced  recent  fashions  (1789)  in  men's  dress,  e.g. 

I  gave  the  coat  its  present  shape. 

Made  small  the  tail,  and  stretch 'd  the  cape. 

Public  Advertiser,  9  Oct.  1789. 
ii|X7f  in.  (clipped). 

6719  A  SKETCH  FROM  NATURE 

T.  Rowlandson  Invenit  Engrav'd  by  W.  P.  Carey 

London  Publishdjune  24.  1^84  by  I.  R.  Smith  N''  83  Oxford  Street. 

Stipple.  A  brothel  scene.  The  fat  bawd  (1.)  leans  back  in  an  arm-chair  in 
a  drunken  sleep;  the  contents  of  a  glass  in  her  r.  hand  pour  over  a  dog; 
a  bottle  on  the  ground  at  her  feet  spills  its  contents.  There  are  three 
couples  of  revellers,  the  three  women  all  pretty ;  one  puts  her  arms  round 
the  neck  of  a  man  who  waves  his  hat  in  one  hand  while  with  the  other  he 
pours  the  contents  of  a  punch-bowl  on  to  the  sleeping  woman's  head. 
Another  sits  on  the  knee  of  a  very  young  military  officer  while  she  snatches 
off  the  wig  of  the  third  man  (r.),  old  and  ugly,  who  is  dallying  with  the  third 
young  woman.   The  room  is  lit  by  a  candle-sconce  on  the  wall  (1.). 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  145.    Reproduced,  Jensen,  Karikatur-Album,  i. 
153. 
i2Xi5iiin. 

^  Information  from  Mr.  Rubens. 
200 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

6720  1784,  OR,  THE  FASHIONS  OF  THE  DAY 

H,  Repton  inv^  [Rowlandson  f.] 

Pub.  24  July  1784  by  E:  Bull  Ludgate  Hill. 

Engraving.  A  park  scene,  crowded  with  men  and  women  fashionably- 
dressed.  The  central  figure  is  a  short  fat  lady,  with  a  very  wide  hooped 
petticoat  elaborately  frilled.  On  each  side  of  her  are  two  ladies,  young  and 
elegant,  one  with  a  parasol,  the  other  ( ?  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire)  with 
a  fan.  Some  of  the  men  are  dressed  in  the  manner  often  considered 
characteristic  of  the  plainer  dressing  introduced  after  the  French  Revolu- 
tion: high-collared  coat,  round  hat,  tight  breeches,  and  half-boots.  One 
man  only  has  sword,  bag- wig,  and  chapeau-bras;  one  is  in  regimentals. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTiy  i.  147.  Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  xxxiii. 
7jXi2in. 

6721  VICAR  AND  MOSES. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  August  8^^  1784  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Illustration  to  the  song  of  this  title  which  is  engraved  on  the 
same  sheet  but  from  a  separate  plate.  A  lean  clerk  leads  (r.  to  1.)  a  fat  vicar 
whose  hand,  holding  a  tobacco-box,  is  thrust  though  the  clerk's  1.  arm. 
The  vicar  wears  hat,  gown,  and  bands ;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  long  tobacco-pipe. 
The  clerk  holds  up  a  lantern  in  his  r.  hand,  in  his  1.  is  an  open  book;  he 
looks  round  at  the  vicar  with  a  vacuous  smile.  Behind  (1.)  is  a  village 
church ;  three  women  in  mourning  weeds  stand  beside  it,  holding  up  their 
hands  in  distressed  surprise.  The  clerk,  having  come  to  fetch  the  vicar  to 
bury  an  infant,  stayed  to  drink  till  past  midnight,  when  both  staggered  out 
to  go  to  the  church. 

This  is  imitated  from  No.  6130,  though  drawn  with  much  more  ability 
and  spirit.  Beneath  is  the  song,  The  Original  Words  by  G.  A.  Stevens  Esq. ; 
it  is  a  different  version  from  that  of  Nos.  6130,  3771,  which  are  those  of  the 
printed  broadside  The  Vicar  and  Moses  in  Roxburghe  Ballads ^  iii.  313, 
attributed  to  Stevens  in  the  B.M.  Catalogue. 

In  the  penultimate  verse  are  the  lines : 

The  Taste  of  the  Times , 
Will  relish  our  Rhymes, 
When  the  ridicule  runs  on  a  Parson. 

For  the  great  popularity  of  prints  of  The  Vicar  and  Moses  see  No.  6130. 
The  subject  was  also  represented  in  pottery:  the  Vicar  in  the  pulpit, 
Moses  in  the  desk  below. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  147-8. 
9iX9  in. 

6722  BOOKSELLER  &  AUTHOR 

H.  Wigstead  delin*  S.  Aiken  fecit  [?  Rowlandson.] 

Published  Sep'  25,  1784  by  I.  R.  Smith  N^  83  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Interior  of  a  book-lined  room,  probably 
the  back-shop  of  the  bookseller  who  is  also  a  publisher.  The  bookseller, 

201 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  stout  man,  with  a  pen  behind  his  ear,  his  spectacles  on  his  forehead, 
stands  with  his  hands  behind  his  coat-tails,  looking  down  superciliously  at 
an  open  book  or  manuscript  which  the  author  holds  out.  The  author,  lean, 
deprecating,  and  nervous,  wears  a  bag-wig  and  ruffled  shirt  and  stands  in 
a  half-crouching  attitude  with  his  hat  under  his  arm.  Another  manuscript 
protrudes  from  his  coat-pocket.  A  clergyman  in  hat  and  riding-boots  stands 
with  his  back  to  the  other  two,  reading  near-sightedly  a  book  which  he  has 
taken  down  from  a  shelf.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  door  with  glass  panels 
partly  concealed  by  a  curtain ;  this  probably  leads  to  the  front  shop.  Next 
the  door,  1.,  is  a  sloping  desk  with  writing-materials.  Piles  of  heavy  volumes 
lie  on  the  floor,  r.  and  1.  A  set  of  library  steps  stands  against  the  wall  (1.). 

Sketch  in  Royal  Library,  Windsor,  reproduced,  Oppe,  Rowlandson, 
1923,  pi.  8.  (A  rat-trap  takes  the  place  of  the  pile  of  books  on  the  r.) 
Wigstead  exhibited  a  drawing,  Poet  and  Bookseller,  at  the  R.A.  1784. 
Oppe,  op.  cit.,  p.  10. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  148-9. 
14!  X 10  J  in. 

6723  NEW  INVENTED  ELASTIC  BREECHES. 
y,  Nixon  fecit  1784  [Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Nov''  J.  jy84  by  W  Humphrey  N''  22y  Strand. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  breeches-maker's  shop  or  workroom.  Two 
men  standing,  one  on  a  chair,  the  other  on  a  stool,  are  attempting  to  pull 
up  the  very  tight  breeches  of  a  stout  man,  who  is  lifted  from  the  ground 
by  their  efforts.  A  stout  woman  enters  from  the  r.  holding  a  pair  of 
breeches  under  her  arm.  On  the  wall  is  a  placard :  Ramskin^  Elastic  Spring 
Breeches  Maker  They  set  close  to  the  Hips  and  never  alter  their  Shape  which 
Thousands  can  Testify  Likezvise  a  large  &  curious  assortment  of  Breeches 
Balls  Straps  Boot  Garters  &c  &c  &c.  Breeches  and  straps  hang  on  the 
wall  (r.).  The  room  is  raftered  and  very  scantily  furnished. 

A  satire  on  the  fashion  for  close-fitting  leather  breeches.  Southey  writes 
retrospectively  of  this  fashion :  *when  a  gentleman  was  in  labour  of  a  new 
pair  of  breeches,  all  his  strength  was  required  to  force  himself  into  them, 
and  all  the  assistant-operators,  to  draw  them  on  . . .'.  Letters  from  England 
by  Espriellay  1807,  ii.  328. 

The  drawing  for  this,  incised  for  transfer  to  the  plate,  is  in  the  Print 
Room  (201.  c.  6/45). 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  148.  Cf.  ibid.,  ii.  236. 
8fxi2jin. 

6         A  Another  version,  reversed,  coloured  impression : 
J,  Nixon  inv^  Rowlandson  ScuL  Imprint  perhaps  cut  oflF. 

*  Caricatures*,  ix.  57. 

6724  THE  HISTORIAN  ANIMATING  THE  MIND  OF  A  YOUNG 
PAINTER. 

Rowlandson  1784 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  an  artist's  studio.  The  painter  sits  with  his 
back  to  his  easel,  looking  intently  towards  the  historian,  an  elderly  man 

202 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1784 

of  pedantic  appearance,  seated  in  an  arm-chair  (1.)  reading  from  a  paper 
held  in  his  1.  hand,  his  r.  hand  extended  to  emphasize  his  words.  The 
young  man  rests  his  r.  elbow  on  the  sloping  top  of  a  drawing-table  in  front 
of  the  casement  window.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  charcoal-holder,  its  end  in  his 
mouth.  His  1.  hand  supports  on  his  knee  a  portfolio.  Behind  the  easel 
and  beside  the  fireplace  is  the  artist's  wife  (r.)  holding  a  naked  infant  on 
her  knee,  both  well  suited  to  serve  as  models  for  a  history-painter.  On  the 
easel  is  a  canvas  on  which  a  classical  subject  is  sketched.  Sketches  are 
pinned  on  the  wall  above  the  chimney-piece  on  which  are  a  candlestick, 
bottles,  &c.  Above  the  historian's  head  (1.)  is  a  bust  on  a  bracket.  At  the 
artist's  feet  are  his  palette  and  brushes.  A  cat  sleeps  beside  the  woman's 
chair.  The  painter  wears  fashionably-cut  clothes  negligently  arranged ;  his 
hair  is  dishevelled.  Cf.  No.  6862. 

Grego,  Rowlandsottf  i.  150.  Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cvi. 
7jXioJin. 

6725  BILLINSGATE 

Rowlandson  1784 

Engraving.  A  sketch  of  fish-wives  with  their  baskets  ranged  on  the  pave- 
ment (1.) ;  behind  are  the  masts  and  sails  of  vessels  in  Billingsgate  dock. 
Facing  them  is  an  irate  customer  with  a  gouty  leg,  a  fish- wife  (r.)  fastens 
a  flat  fish  to  his  wig,  while  a  small  urchin  tugs  at  his  coat-tails.  He  clenches 
his  fist  and  waves  his  stick,  shouting  with  indignation.  Of  the  women 
opposite,  one  holds  out  a  fish  towards  him,  shouting,  another  laughs  with 
hands  on  hips,  a  third  lies  on  the  ground  drunkenly  vomiting,  the  contents 
of  her  basket  spilling.  Behind  stands  a  woman  drinking  from  a  bottle. 
All  are  gross  and  fat,  their  breasts  bare. 
4Jx6iin.(pl.). 

6726  [A  FARRIER'S  SHED.] 

H,  Bunhury  del  84 
H  Bunhury  Esq^  Delin*.   W.  Dickinson  Excudit 
London,  Published  OcV  j*'  1784  by  W,  Dickinson, 

Stipple.  A  road-side  scene ;  two  horsemen  stand  by  their  horses  outside 
a  farrier's  shed  (1.).  One  horse  is  held  by  a  youth,  the  farrier  stands  beside 
it  arguing  with  the  rider  who  stands  with  his  whip  under  his  arm.  The 
second  (r.)  stands  behind,  beside  his  horse's  head  (its  body  being  cut  off 
by  the  r.  margin  of  the  print),  looking  gloomily  down  at  his  watch.  The 
shed  is  an  open  stone  building  with  a  pent-house  roof;  a  farrier's  hand  and 
arm  are  just  visible  within  it.  Behind  is  a  church  tower  among  trees,  its 
clock  pointing  to  8  o'clock.  A  sign-post  (r.)  points  To  Liverpool  xv  Miles, 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  lies  a  dog. 

Reproduced,  C.  Veth,  Comic  Art  in  England,  1930,  p.  XVI. 
7is  Xsii  in. 

6727  A  CAMP  SCENE 

H,  W.  Bunhury  Esq'  DelK  C.  White,  Sculp*, 

Publish^  June  the  25^*  1784  by  C.  White,  Stafford  Row  Pimlico. 

Stipple.  Three  visitors  regard  with  amusement  a  soldier  who  acts  as 
barber.  A  soldier  sits  (1.)  outside  a  tent,  his  hair  lank  and  undressed,  his 

203 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

chin  lathered,  a  cloth  round  his  neck.  The  barber  stands  flourishing  a 
razor;  he  is  in  full  regimentals,  wearing  a  busby,  with  intrenching  tools  (a 
spade  and  axe)  thrust  through  his  belt.  Facing  him  in  profile  to  the  1. 
stands  a  lady  with  a  man  in  riding-dress  on  each  side  of  her ;  one  points,  the 
others  raise  their  hands  in  amused  surprise.  A  grinning  black  boy  in  livery, 
wearing  a  turban  and  carrying  a  riding-whip,  stands  behind  them.  A  sentry 
stands  on  duty  beside  the  tent  with  his  musket  across  his  shoulder. 
Another  soldier  stands  on  the  extreme  r.,  his  hands  crossed  on  his  breast. 
A  row  of  tents,  backed  by  trees  and  the  contour  of  a  hill,  forms  a  back- 
ground. In  the  middle  distance  an  officer  with  another  soldier  appears  to 
be  inspecting  the  camp. 

One  of  many  camp  scenes  which  were  popular  subjects  of  pictorial  satire 
between  1778  and  1782.    Cf.  No.  5523,  &c. 
loftxisJin. 

6728  SUMMERS  EVENING 

J.  P.  De  Loutherbourgh  Pifvx^,  Etched  by  Tho"  Lettan,  V.  M.  Picot 

Sculps, 
London^  Pu¥  April  11,  1^84.  by  V.  M.  Picot,  N°  471  Strand^ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  landscape  with 
figures,  showing  citizens  driving  and  walking  on  the  outskirts  of  London, 
probably  on  Sunday.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  family  group :  man,  wife, 
three  children,  and  two  dogs ;  the  stout  man  carries  his  hat  and  wig,  and 
mops  his  head.  Two  young  butchers  with  a  bulldog  watch  a  high  gig  with 
two  horses,  driven  recklessly  by  a  stout  citizen  with  a  courtesan  seated  beside 
him.  The  gig  passes  a  stage-coach  driving  in  the  opposite  direction; 
coachman  and  inside  and  outside  passengers  turn  to  look  at  it,  as  do  the 
humble  occupants  of  the  basket  behind  the  coach.  In  the  distance 
carriages  of  various  sorts  disappear  in  a  cloud  of  dust ;  one  man  drives  with 
his  arm  round  a  woman's  waist.  In  the  background  (r.)  are  cottages  with 
a  pot-house  or  kiln. 

Cf.  No.  6143,  a  similar  subject  by  Bunbury. 

Reissued,  i  Mar.  1794,  by  C.  Knight. 
i5iX2o|in. 

6729  A  CAUTION  TO  THE  PUBLICK. 

Published  as  the  Act  Directs,  May  7**  1784  by  C.  L,  Hannell  Great 
Bandy  Leg  Walk,  Borough. 

Engraving.  A  man  (1.)  stands  holding  a  cheque  or  bill  in  his  hand.  He 
wears  a  nosegay  and  riding-boots,  and  holds  a  walking-stick.  He  looks 
towards  a  man  on  a  smaller  scale  (r.)  holding  two  rolls  of  cloth  or  silk, 

stockings,  and  a  watch,  who  says,  M'  Wells ff.  Enquired  for  you  iS**. 

The  other  answers,  He  be  D d.  We  never  mean  to  Pay. 

Siixsin. 

6730  THE  COUNTRY  POLITICIANS. 
[Gillray.] 

Published  Jany  11 1784,  22  j  Strand  London  by  W.  Humphrey 

Engraving.  Three  men,  squire,  barber,  and  parson,  seated  round  a  circular 
table,  the  squire  reading  aloud  from  the  Daily  Advertiser.    He  sits  in 

204 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    I784 

profile  to  the  r.  wearing  pince-nez  and  dressed  in  the  manner  of  twenty 
years  earlier:  wide  hat,  full  curled  wig,  and  coat  with  wide  cuffs.  The 
barber  faces  him,  listening  intently,  his  pipe  in  his  r.  hand ;  his  wig  is  awry. 
Beside  him  is  a  pile  of  wig-boxes  surmounted  by  a  barber's  bowl.  The 
stout  parson  sits  full  face  on  the  farther  side  of  the  table  smoking,  a  wine- 
glass in  his  r.  hand.  A  punch-bowl  and  glasses  are  on  the  table.  Above  the 
design  is  engraved : 

The  ParsoTiy  Barber  &  the  Squire^ 
Three  Social  Souls  who  News  admire. 

A  reissue  of  a  print  published  2  Mar.  1777  byW.  Richardson,  Strand; 
it  is  generally  accepted  as  Gillray's  first  etching. 
4X6/gin. 

6731  ORPHEUS  AND  EURIDYCE. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Jany  16 1^84  by  H  Humphrey  N''  51  New  Bond 
Street 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6732.  Orpheus  (r.),  an  elderly 
fiddler  with  a  wooden  leg,  is  being  pushed  out  of  Hades  by  a  demon,  while 
another  clutches  Eurydice,  a  shrewish-looking  woman,  round  the  waist, 
dragging  her  in  the  opposite  direction.  At  the  feet  of  Orpheus  is  an  open 
music-book  with  the  words  If  ere  that  Cruel  Tyrant  Love ;  his  bow  is  under 
the  demon's  foot.  He  passes  under  a  rocky  arch  in  front  of  which  mon- 
strous creatures  writhe  and  point. 

In  the  background  are  Pluto  and  Proserpine  seated  on  a  throne  laughing 
at  the  separation.  Attendant  demons  stand  round  the  throne ;  behind  (r.) 
are  small  figures  undergoing  various  torments:  Ixion  on  the  wheel; 
Sisyphus  rolling  his  stone  up  a  mountain;  Tantalus  standing  in  a  stream; 
Prometheus  on  a  mountain  attacked  by  the  eagle.  Skulls  and  bones  lie  in 
the  foreground  (1.). 
SJxiiin. 

6732  PERSEUS  AND  ANDROMEDA. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  Directs  Jany  y  16  1^84  by  H  Humphrey  N°  51  New 
Bond  street 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6731.  Andromeda,  a  fat  woman 
wearing  a  cap,  is  shackled  by  the  wrists  to  a  rock  (r.)  by  the  edge  of  the  sea. 
She  screams  at  the  approach  of  a  cat-like  monster  with  a  scaly  tail  which 
swims  towards  her.  Perseus  (L),  an  elderly  man  wearing  jack-boots,  rides 
through  the  air  on  an  ass ;  he  is  armed  with  a  spit  which  he  raises  to  strike 
the  monster.  Across  the  water  in  the  distance  spectators  wave  their  hats 
and  cheer;  they  are  in  the  dress  of  the  period. 
SJxiii^gin. 

6733  THE  LITTLE  MARKET  WOMAN 

Published  Nov  25.  iy84,  by  J.  Wallis,  N"  i6,  Ludgate  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Illustration  to  an  engraved  song.  A 
woman  asleep  on  a  bank,  her  straw  hat  and  basket  of  eggs  beside  her. 
Her  petticoat  has  been  cut  off  at  the  knee,  showing  the  top  of  a  gartered 

205 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Stocking.  A  pedlar  (r.),  his  pack  on  his  back,  walks  off,  holding  the 
piece  of  petticoat,  looking  round  with  his  finger  to  his  nose. 

Beneath,  to  the  tune,  Round  about  the  Maypole,  &€.,  are  the  words  of 
the  familiar  nursery  rhyme,  beginning : 

There  was  a  little  Woman  as  I  heard  tell, 
and  ending, 

Lord  have  mercy  on  me,  surely  His  not  /. 
8J  in.  diam. 

6734  THE  THESPIAN  CONGRESS,  OR  THE  SIDDONSES  OF  THE 
BARN.  [i  June  1784] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler*s  Magazine.  The  interior  of  a  barn,  filled 
with  strolling  players.  A  man  (1.),  dressed  only  in  breeches,  shoes,  and 
stockings,  stands  looking  at  a  woman  who  is  ironing  a  shirt  on  a  table ;  he 
says.  Iron  my  shirt  in  an  instant.  A  girl  on  the  extreme  1.  is  twisting  his 
pigtail  queue.  Two  men  wearing  hats  stand  behind  the  table,  saying,  Tis 
woman  that  seduces  all  mankind  and  Brother  w'are  both  in  the  zvrong.  A 
stout  woman  attempts  to  pull  on  a  pair  of  breeches,  saying,  My  breeches 
are  too  small.  A  woman  holding  an  open  book  looks  over  her  1.  shoulder 
to  say  Button  the  Lady's  breeches;  she  appears  to  be  addressing  a  man 
dressed  as  a  military  officer  who  holds  an  open  book,  saying.  Let  us  take  the 
road.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  woman  seated  by  a  table  is  saying  And  he  so 
pleas' d  me.  On  the  wall  a  play-bill  is  stuck  up.  Beggars  Opera  . . .  Filch. . . . 
On  a  pile  of  hay  or  straw  are  properties :  a  crown,  sceptre,  trumpet,  &c. 
3^x6Jin. 

6735  LADY  SQUAB  TAKING  A  RIDE.  [i  July  1784  ] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  A  short,  stout  lady  rides  in 
profile  to  the  1.  under  some  trees.  She  wears  a  small  feather-trimmed  hat 
and  a  riding-habit.  Her  seat  is  awkward  and  stooping.  In  the  distance  is 
a  man  on  horseback. 

5i|X3iin. 

6736-6744 
Plates  to  The  Wit's  Magazine,  vol.  i  (copy  in  Print  Room,  i*  a.i) 

6736  THE  TEMPLE  OF  MIRTH. 

Stothard  del.  Blake  sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  Co.  Feby  i,  1784. 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  The  Wit's  Magazine,  i.  1784.  The  interior  of 
the  temple,  Mirth  seated  on  a  raised  seat  holding  a  book ;  she  wears  classical 
draperies  and  her  hair  is  wreathed  with  vine  leaves.  On  each  side  of  her 
is  a  row  of  worshippers :  on  the  1.  men  hold  their  sides  with  laughter,  one 
lies  on  the  floor;  on  the  r.  men  and  women  jest  together  coyly,  a  lady  looks 
at  a  man  from  behind  her  fan.  Behind  Mirth  are  two  pictures,  one  (1.)  of 
Don  Quixote  with  Sancho  Panza  and  Rozinante,  the  other  (r.)  Falstaff 
standing  with  shield  and  sword.  On  each  of  the  two  side  walls  are  three 
busts  in  niches ;  on  the  r.  are  Vol[taire]  and  Stem[e]. 
6JX9m. 

206 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

6737  TYTHE  IN  KIND;  OR  THE  SOW'S  REVENGE. 

Collings  del  Blake  sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  O  March  i.  1784. 

Engraving.  The  Wit's  Magazine,  i.  41.  Illustration  to  verses  (p.  71  f.)  with 
the  same  title.  A  sow  takes  in  its  teeth  the  coat-tails  of  a  fat  parson  who 
lies  face  downward  on  the  stones  of  the  sty.  From  his  pocket  projects 
a  Tything  Table.  Three  small  pigs  scamper  about  the  sty.  A  yokel  in  a 
smock-frock  enters  with  a  raised  club  to  release  the  parson.  Another  with 
a  pitchfork  leans  over  the  low  paling  with  a  grin ;  a  small  boy  much  amused 
looks  over;  a  woman  with  a  child  in  her  arms  watches  with  amusement. 

The  parson,  dissatisfied  at  the  young  pig  offered  by  *  Hodge',  has 
entered  the  sty  in  order  to  choose  the  best  of  the  litter.   One  of  many 
satires  on  tithes,  cf.  No.  6209,  &c. 
6fx8Jin. 

6738  THE  DISCOMFITED  DUELLISTS. 

Collings  del,  Blake  sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  C"  April  J,  1784. 

Engraving.  The  WiVs  Magazine,  i.  81.  Illustration  to  *A  Preservative 
against  Duelling',  pp.  89-92.  The  interior  of  a  coffee-house.  Two  young 
men  in  regimentals  stand  near  the  fireplace  (1.) ;  one,  whose  broken  sword 
lies  on  the  ground,  is  being  threatened  with  a  hot  poker  held  to  his  nose 
by  a  man  in  riding-dress,  who  holds  the  lapel  of  his  coat.  The  other  with 
his  sword  attacks  from  behind  the  man  with  the  poker,  but  is  held  back 
by  a  customer  and  a  waiter.  Two  bystanders  hold  up  their  hands  in  alarm. 
A  parson  seated  at  a  table  holding  a  newspaper  watches  the  fray.  Behind 
is  the  bar,  within  which  stands  a  young  woman  much  alarmed.  Over  its 
arched  alcove  is  inscribed  Orgeat,  Jellies  &c. ;  glasses,  bottles,  &c.,  are 
ranged  on  shelves.  On  the  wall  is  a  map  inscribed  Pacific  Ocean.  A  wall- 
clock  points  to  1.30.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  glass  door  of  the  coffee- 
house ;  by  it  stands  a  waiter  with  a  coffee-pot ;  a  customer  raises  his  stick 
threateningly  as  if  to  strike  him. 

Two  young  ensigns  have  insulted  the  company,  and  especially  the  young 
woman  in  the  bar,  by  the  grossness  of  their  talk.  On  being  reproved  they 
demanded  satisfaction ;  an  altercation  arose,  swords  were  drawn,  and  the 
man  making  the  reproof  defended  himself  with  a  red-hot  poker. 
6Jx8/gin. 

6739  THE  BLIND  BEGGARS  HATS. 

Collings  del.  Blake  sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  C<*  May  i.  1784. 

Engraving.  The  Wifs  Magazine,  i.  123.  Illustration  to  verses  by  Holcroft 
with  the  same  title,  pp.  151-3,  said  to  be  taken  from  L'Utile  col  Dolci,  pub- 
lished at  Florence  'with  the  approbation  of  the  archbishop'.  A  scene  in 
a  Florentine  street  or  piazza  in  front  of  a  Gothic  shrine  (1.)  in  which  is  a 
Virgin  and  child.  Two  blind  beggars,  each  with  a  dog,  are  fighting.  A 
well-dressed  man  walks  off  with  their  hats,  looking  at  them  over  his 
shoulder  with  a  smile.  Spectators  look  from  a  window  and  a  door. 
A  penniless  man  of  ancient  family  prays  regularly  to  the  Virgin  for  relief. 

207 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

On  one  occasion  he  hears  two  blind  beggars  at  her  shrine  boasting  of  the 
weahh  concealed  in  their  hats;  he  thereupon  runs  away  with  the  hats, 
confesses  to  a  prelate,  who  approves,  but  insists  on  taking  a  major  share 
of  the  spoil. 
6^x8|in. 

6740  MAY-DAY  IN  LONDON. 

Collings  del.  Blake  sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Harrison  &  C"  June  i.  1784. 

Engraving.  From  The  Wit's  Magazine^  i.  161.  Illustration  to  verses,  *May 
Day  ...  By  M^  Collings',  p.  191.  Milkmaids  with  their  'garlands'  and 
little  chimney-sweepers  dance  to  a  fiddle  played  by  a  man  with  one  leg. 
There  are  two  'garlands'  or  pyramids  of  plate  arranged  with  greenery, 
ribbons,  &c.  One  (1.)  is  surmounted  by  an  urn  with  a  streamer  attached 
to  it.  It  was  carried  by  two  chairmen,  who  have  put  it  down  while  one 
drains  a  tankard ;  the  other  has  removed  his  wig  to  mop  his  forehead.  The 
other  (r.),  surmounted  by  a  short  brush,  is  on  the  head  of  a  milkmaid. 
Other  milkmaids  dance ;  one  holds  out  her  hand  to  receive  a  coin  from  a 
woman  in  a  doorway  over  which  is  inscribed  Original  Shaving  Shop  A 
Room  for  Ladies.  A  projecting  lantern  or  sign  is  inscribed  Shave  for 
a  Penny.  Gentlemen  Dispatched  in  a  moment.  A  child  leans  out  of  the 
window  over  the  door  holding  a  rattle,  a  woman  stands  behind.  Other 
spectators  look  from  adjacent  windows.  The  little  'climbing  boys'  are 
dressed  up  and  dancing,  beating  their  brushes  on  their  shovels.  All  wear 
wigs,  two  have  laced  hats.  One,  a  mere  infant,  is  dressed  chiefly  in  a 
large  wig  and  vandyked  paper  frills.  The  street  is  Milk  Street;  over  a  shop 
window  is  Peter  Pi . . .  Pewterer.  Play-bills  are  posted  on  the  wall :  Theatre 
Royal  Drury  Lane  . . .  Jovial  Crew  . . .  May  Day  and  Pantheon  . . .  Concert. 

The  shop  of  the  'penny-barber'  shows  that  this  is  a  poor  neighbourhood ; 
the  milkmaids'  display  is  less  elaborate  than  that  described  by  J.  T.  Smith, 
as  seen  by  him  in  1771,  and  their  customers,  before  whose  doors  they 
dance,  are  less  opulent.  See  Nollekens  and  his  Times y  1905,  pp.  19-21.  In 
the  picture  of  milkmaids  on  May  Day  by  Hayman  at  Vauxhall,  described 
by  Smith  (op.  cit.),  the  fiddler  was  wooden-legged  as  in  this  print. 

Reproduced,  Johnson's  England^  ed.  A.  S.  Turberville,  i.  174. 
6ix8iin. 

6741  THE  CITIZEN  AT  VAUXHALL. 

Collings  del.  Smith  Sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs ^  by  Harrison  &  C^  July  i.  1784. 

Engraving.  The  Wifs  Magazine y  i.  201.  Illustration  to  'Humourous  De- 
scription of  a  Citizen  and  his  family  at  Vauxhall'  which  is  transcribed 
without  acknowledgement  from  the  essay  of  Colman  and  Thornton  in 
The  Connoisseur  (May  10,  1755).  A  scene  outside  the  orchestra  at  Vauxhall. 
A  stout  woman  puts  a  handkerchief  round  her  husband's  neck  to  protect 
him  from  the  night  air.  Her  daughter  holds  her  fan  to  her  face  and  looks 
towards  a  beau  in  the  middle  distance  who  inspects  her  through  his  glass. 
A  waiter  walks  off  (r.)  with  glasses  and  a  bottle.  There  are  other  figures. 
The  background  shows  the  orchestra  (1.),  with  two  musicians,  and  the 

208 


PERSONAL  AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

organ;  on  the  r.  are  trees,  and  the  *  covered  walk*;  two  men  sit  at  a  table 
with  a  bowl  of  punch.  Cf.  Nos.  6900,  6901. 
6x8  in. 

6742  GILPIN  GOING  FARTHER  THAN  HE  INTENDED. 

Collings  del.  Smith  sculp. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Harrison  &  C°  August  i.  1784. 

Engraving.  The  Wit's  Magazine y  i.  241.  Illustration  to  Cowper's  famous 
ballad  printed  on  pp.  271-3,  probably  transcribed  from  the  Public  Adver- 
tiser. Gilpin  gallops  (r.  to  1.)  past  *  The  Bell '  at  Edmonton  to  the  astonish- 
ment of  spectators  standing  in  the  doorway,  and  of  two  old  gaifers  on  a  seat 
outside  the  inn  door.  Mrs.  Gilpin  looks  from  a  window,  not  a  balcony ;  two 
other  heads  are  at  the  window.  He  is  without  hat  and  wig,  his  cloak 
streams  out  behind  him,  and  two  broken  bottles  hang  from  his  belt.  A 
dog  barks,  a  pig  runs  away,  a  boy  waves  his  hat.  The  inn  is  a  large  one  with 
sash  windows  and  outside  shutters.  On  its  signboard,  beneath  the  bell,  is 
the  word  Roberts.  A  waiter  is  arranging  a  trestle-table  in  the  road  (1.). 

See  also  No.  6886,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Print  Collectors^  Quarterly^  July  1936,  p.  172. 
6JX7iin. 

6743  THE  BATTLE  OF  UMBRELLAS. 

Collings  deP  Thomas  Sculp*, 

Published  as  the  Act  Directs^  by  Harrison  &  C^  N''  18,  Paternoster 
Row,  Sep^  I,  1784, 

Engraving.  The  Wit's  Magazine^  i.  281.  Illustration  to  an  article  with 
the  same  title,  pp.  286-8.  A  scene  in  St.  James's  Park  during  a  sudden 
squall  of  rain.  A  number  of  people  with  umbrellas ;  some  hold  them  open, 
others  attempt  to  open  them,  in  face  of  difficulties  caused  by  the  crowd 
and  the  wind.  In  the  background  are  trees,  Westminster  Abbey,  and  the 
spire  of  St.  Margaret's. 
6ix8in. 

6744  THE  PATIENT'S  PAROXYSM;  OR.  THE  DOCTOR  OUT- 
WITTED. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  O  Oct*^  i.  1784, 

Engraving.  The  Wit's  Magazine,  i.  321.  Illustration  to  verses  with  the 
same  title,  p.  351.  The  interior  of  an  inn  bedroom,  showing  a  large  four- 
post  bed  with  check  curtains.  A  fat  doctor,  seated  on  the  foot  of  the  bed, 
is  being  forced  to  drink  from  a  large  pot  held  by  a  man  wearing  a  check 
dressing-gown,  nightcap,  and  slippers.  A  chambermaid  leaning  on  her 
broom,  a  waiter,  and  a  coachman  stand  within  the  open  door  (r.),  watching 
with  amusement.  Standing  on  a  recessed  window-seat  (1.)  are  medicine 
bottles  and  pill-boxes. 

A  trick  played  upon  a  doctor  notorious  for  over-prescribing  and  for 
unwanted  visits :  a  visitor  to  the  inn  feigns  illness,  and  forces  the  doctor  to 
drink  a  compound  of  all  his  draughts  and  prescriptions. 
SlxSJin. 

209  P 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6745  A  SUNDAY  ORDINARY  AT  HIGHGATE. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs ,  by  Harrison  &  Co.  Nov^  i.  1784. 

Engraving.  The  Wit's  Magazine,  i.  361.^  Illustration  to  an  article,  with 
the  same  title,  p.  368.  Men  and  women  seated  on  benches  on  each 
side  of  a  dinner-table.  A  waiter  hands  a  foaming  tankard  of  beer  to  a 
woman  with  a  child  on  her  lap,  who  looks  at  the  child  so  that  the  beer  is 
about  to  fall.  The  waiter,  looking  at  the  woman,  lets  the  gravy  from  a  dish 
which  he  holds  in  his  1.  hand  pour  over  another  diner,  'the  greatest  beau  in 
the  company*.  A  man  (r.)  turns  round  to  look  at  the  disaster;  a  large  grey- 
hound puts  his  head  on  the  table  and,  the  text  explains,  devours  the  con- 
tents of  his  plate.  The  others,  though  amused,  do  not  cease  eating ;  one 
man  gnaws  a  bone  held  in  both  hands.  In  the  foreground  a  dog  and  cat 
quarrel  over  a  bone.  The  room  is  neatly  furnished :  three  framed  pictures 
hang  on  the  wall,  and  ornaments  are  ranged  on  the  chimney-piece.  The 
price  of  the  ordinary  was  is.  6d. 

The  humours  of  a  Sunday  dinner  in  the  inns  near  London  were  a 
common  subject  of  satire.    Cf.  Johnson's  England,  1933,  i.   192-31  and 
No.  6885. 
6x8Jin. 

6746  THE  DOG. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  C"  Decf  i.  1784, 

Engraving.  The  Wit's  Magazine,  i.  401.  Illustration  to  verses  with  the 
same  title,  by  W.  Whitehead,  pp.  431-3.  A  lady  wearing  a  feathered  hat 
falls  to  the  ground  from  the  back  of  a  dog  on  which  she  has  tried  to  ride. 
A  maidservant  with  a  broom,  and  a  servant-lad  look  grinning  round  the 
door  (1.).  The  carpet,  wallpaper,  an  ornate  chair,  &c.,  show  that  the  room 
is  well  furnished.  See  No.  7093. 
SiX7|m. 

6747-6758 

A  set  of  prints  (n.d.)  after  Dighton,  bound  together,  all  with  the  imprint 
of  WiUiam  Allen  (as  No.  6747).  The  costume  is  that  of  c.  1784.  (298*. 
a.  7.) 

6747  THE  LADS  OF  THE  VILLAGE. 

Twelve  Elegant  and  Humorous  Prints  of  Rural  Scenes,  adorned  with 

Comic  Figures.   By  Robert  Dighton.   i. 
Dublin  Printed  for  Will'*'  Allen,  A^^  32  Dame  Street, 

Engraving.  Two  boys  play  at  single-stick  outside  an  inn-door  (1.).  A 
wagoner  and  a  stable-boy  (r.)  watch  the  contest.  A  soldier  and  a  young 
woman  seated  on  a  bench  against  the  inn  flirt  rompingly.  A  soldier  beats 
a  drum.  On  the  r.  is  a  thatched  stable  or  barn  with  the  back  of  a  carriage. 
In  the  background  is  a  church-spire  among  trees.  Over  the  inn-door  is 
inscribed  Guttle  Downs  Home  Brew'd;  in  the  doorway  stands  a  yokel 
scratching  his  head. 

5iX9Hm. 

*  Frontispiece  to  vol.  ii  in  B.M.L.  copy. 

210 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL  SATIRES    1784 

6748  A  HOLIDAY  DIVERSION.    2 

Engraving.  Spectators  (r.),  who  from  their  dress  appear  to  be  *cits*,  watch 
a  sack-race  with  great  amusement :  five  women  close  together  (1.),  two  of 
whom  have  fallen ;  a  dog  barks  at  them.  On  the  r.  is  a  small,  rustic  inn, 
with  a  signboard  of  a  horse's  head.  In  the  foreground  an  elegant  milk- 
maid carrying  a  pail  talks  with  a  military  officer.  In  the  background  are 
trees  and  a  small  cottage. 
5fX9l-iin. 

6749  RURAL  FELICITY.    3 

Engraving.  In  front  of  an  inn  (I.)  three  young  women  and  two  boys, 
holding  hands,  dance  round  a  maypole.  The  inn  has  the  sign  of  the 
plough  and  harrow ;  a  stout  man  stands  in  the  door,  grinning  and  capering 
and  holding  up  a  foaming  tankard.  A  man  in  riding-dress  and  a  fashion- 
ably dressed  lady  stand  together  (1.)  watching  the  dance.  In  the  back- 
ground (r.)  are  small  cottages  and  low  hills. 

5iX9iiin. 

6750  THE  GIPSEYS  PROPHECY.    4 

Engraving.  A  gipsy  woman  (r.)  takes  the  hand  of  a  young  woman,  who 
listens  with  pleasure;  another  young  woman  pushes  back  a  young  man 
so  that  he  shall  not  hear  the  prophecy.  Another  young  man  and  young 
woman  complete  the  group.  Behind  (r.)  are  two  other  gipsy  women,  one 
smoking  a  pipe. 

5isX9Jm. 

6751  THE  DANCING  MASTER  AND  HIS  PUPIL.    5 

Engraving.  A  rough-looking  man  (1.)  with  a  club  holds  the  chain  of  a 
dancing  bear,  while  another  man  (r.)  plays  the  fiddle.  On  the  bear's  shoulders 
sits  a  monkey  wearing  a  hat.  Amused  spectators  are  grouped  in  a  semicircle. 
On  the  1.  a  boy  holds  back  a  dog  eager  to  rush  at  the  bear.  The  scene  is 
outside  a  rustic-looking  inn  (1.).  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  knock-kneed  pot- 
boy carrying  a  number  of  pots  slung  across  his  shoulder.  In  the  back- 
ground are  trees  with  a  spire  and  a  country  house. 
5i«gX9|in. 

6752  THE  ENTHUSIASTIC  ORATOR.    6 

Engraving.  A  minister  stands  on  a  bench  under  a  tree,  arms  held  up,  a 
handkerchief  in  his  r.  hand,  preaching  to  a  small  circle  of  devout  old 
women  and  artisans.  Two  boy  chimney-sweeps  riding  on  the  same  donkey 
approach  from  the  r.  and  point  derisively  at  the  preacher.  The  scene  is 
rural,  with  bushes  and  grass,  but  in  the  distance  is  the  dome  of  St.  Paul's. 
5fX9iiin. 

6753  THE  TARS  RECREATION.    7 

Engraving.  A  scene  outside  an  inn  (r.),  from  which  a  very  fat  and  jovial 
woman  is  bringing  a  large  punch-bowl ;  over  the  door  is  Good  Entertainment 
for  Man  and  Horse  The  Widow  Tap-tub.   Against  the  house  is  a  table  at 

211 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

which  sit  or  stand  two  sailors  with  two  young  women;  on  it  is  a  large 
sirloin  of  beef  and  a  tankard.  They  watch  a  young  woman  dancing  alone ; 
a  sailor  stands  behind  her  with  folded  arms.  A  man  with  a  wooden  leg 
seated  on  a  stool  (1.)  plays  the  fiddle.  In  the  background  is  the  sea  with  two 
ships.  A  large  flag  flies  from  the  inn,  and  a  bird  is  in  a  wicker  cage  which 
hangs  against  the  wall. 
5fX9iin. 

6754  AN  EVENING  WALK.    8 

Engraving.  Men  and  women  walk  beside  a  line  of  trees  outside  a  park 
wall,  probably  that  of  St.  James *s  Park.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  sentry-box; 
a  soldier  on  guard  buys  something  from  a  boy  with  a  basket.  A  young 
woman  tries  to  sell  a  rose  to  an  elderly  military  ofl[icer  on  crutches,  who 
grins  through  an  eye-glass.  Behind  (1.)  is  another  sentry-box  with  a  sentry. 
5fX9iim. 

6755  SUMMER  AMUSEMENT.    9 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  tea-garden.  People  are  playing  bat,  trap,  and 
ball;  a  waiter  runs  (1.  to  r.)  holding  a  round  tray  with  tea-things  and  a 
kettle.  Three  smartly-dressed  people  stand  in  conversation  on  the  extreme 
r.  In  the  background  is  the  wall,  almost  concealed  by  trees,  a  small 
summer-house  or  gazebo  to  which  leads  a  flight  of  steps,  and  a  row  of 
alcoves  for  tea-drinking,  in  one  of  which  a  man  and  woman  are  seated. 
Cf.  Johnson*  s  England  t  i.  189  ff. ;  Wroth,  London  Tea  Gardens  of  the  Eighteenth 
Century  ^  passim. 

5HX9iiin. 

6756  WINTER  AMUSEMENT.    10 

Engraving.  Men  skating,  probably  in  one  of  the  London  parks.  Among 
them  are  a  Dutchman  smoking  a  pipe,  his  hands  in  the  pockets  of  his 
baggy  breeches,  and  a  small  boy.  A  man  has  fallen  on  his  back.  A  man  sits 
on  a  stool  on  the  ice  to  have  skates  put  on.  Behind,  spectators  stand  or  walk 
beside  the  ice.  In  the  background  are  a  paling  and  bare  trees,  the  smaller 
ones  surrounded  by  railings. 
5fX9iin. 

6757  THE  TOWER  HILL  ESCULAPIUS.    JJ 

Engraving.  A  quack  doctor  advances  to  the  edge  of  his  platform,  smiling 
down  at  his  scanty  audience.  He  wears  a  laced  suit  and  sword  and  holds 
up  a  medicine-phial.  The  doctor's  boy,  beside  his  master,  stoops  forward, 
hat  in  hand,  to  offer  handbills.  Behind,  three  patients  sit  in  a  row,  the 
most  prominent  being  a  man  with  a  crutch.  The  most  interested  spectators 
are  a  chimney-sweeper's  boy  and  a  carter  in  a  smock-frock.  A  *cit'  and  his 
stout  wife  walk  away,  looking  over  their  shoulders.  On  a  post  at  the  corner 
of  the  platform  is  the  sign  Doctor  Van  Cheatall.  In  the  background  is  the 
Tower  of  London.  For  the  quack  doctor  cf.  No.  8183. 
5^X9!  in. 

212 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES    I784 

6758  THE  RETURN  FROM  MARGATE.    12 

Engraving.  A  scene  in  the  small  courtyard  of  a  London  inn,  at  which  a 
stage-coach  has  just  arrived.  A  stout  lady  is  getting  out  of  the  coach,  larger 
in  scale  than  the  other  figures ;  the  coachman  is  taking  game,  &c.,  from  the 
box.  A  short  stout  'cit'  yawns  and  stretches.  Another  man  looks  sourly  at 
his  watch;  packages  lie  on  the  ground,  including  a  hamper  directed  to 
Alderman  Guttle,  A  smiling  waiter  (r.)  invites  the  company  to  enter  the 
inn.  Through  the  folding  gates  of  the  yard  is  seen  a  street  with  a  distant 
church. 

For  Margate  as  the  cits*  watering-place,  cf.  Nos.  5049,  7096,  7744, 7755. 
5fX9iiin. 


6759  THE  COUNTRY  TOOTH-DRAWER.  \c.  1784] 

[After  Dighton.] 

510.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver y  N''  6g  in  S*  Pauls 
Church  Yard,  London, 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6760.  The 
interior  of  a  farrier's  smithy.  A  country  woman  sits  on  a  low  stool,  while 
a  farrier  pulls  at  her  tooth  with  a  pair  of  pincers  which  he  grasps  in  both 
hands.  He  presses  one^foot  on  her  outstretched  leg  while  a  grinning 
assistant  holds  her  head  in  both  hands.  A  third  man  stands  behind,  also 
grinning  and  holding  a  stick  above  his  head ;  one  eye  is  bandaged.  All  three 
wear  leather  aprons.  The  wretched  woman  holds  the  tooth-drawer*s  left 
sleeve  with  one  hand,  his  nose  with  the  other;  her  eyes  are  closed.  A  boy 
(r.)  flourishes  a  broom.  Behind  (1.)  is  the  lighted  forge.  An  anvil,  horse- 
shoes, and  farrier's  tools  are  in  the  foreground.  A  grinning  face  looks  in 
through  a  wide-open  window  (r.) ;  on  the  sill  is  a  large  tankard.  Thatched 
buildings  and  trees  are  seen  through  the  window.  Cf.  Nos.  8051,  8052. 
I2f  X9if  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  178. 


6760  THE  LONDON  DENTIST. 

[After  Dighton.] 

511.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  iV"  6g  in  S*  Pauls 
Church  Yard,  London. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  c.  1784]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6759.  The 
interior  of  a  well-furnished  room.  The  dentist  stands  in  front  of  a  middle- 
aged  woman  seated  in  a  chair  (1.);  he  holds  her  forehead  with  one  hand, 
with  the  other  he  applies  a  small  instrument  to  her  mouth.  She  grasps  a 
glove  in  her  gloved  1.  hand.  A  black  boy  in  livery  stands  behind  the  dentist 
(r.)  holding  an  open  case  of  instruments ;  he  looks  round  grinning  with  a 
finger  in  his  mouth.  A  young  woman  stands  clasping  her  hands  and  look- 
ing with  an  expression  of  horrified  concern  at  the  operation.  The  dentist 
wears  a  bag-wig.  A  cat  arches  its  back  and  miaows. 

Through  a  draped  sash-window  is  a  gateway  to  a  quadrangle,  in  front 
of  which  a  sentry  is  marching;  another  sentry's  head  is  visible,  indicating 

213 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

St.  James's  Palace.  On  the  wall  is  a  bird  in  a  cage  and  an  oval  landscape. 
Below  it  is  a  settee  on  which  is  a  guitar.  The  floor  is  carpeted.  Cf. 
No.  7766. 

I2f  X9J  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  179. 


6761  THE  FRENCHMAN  IN  DISTRESS. 
After  Dighton.] 

515.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver^  N""  6g  in  S*  Paul's 
Church  Yard,  London.   Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 

1784]. 

Mezzotint.  A  street  scene ;  a  stout  hackney  coachman  seizes  by  the  collar 
a  tall,  lean  French  barber,  who  deprecatingly  holds  out  an  empty  pocket. 
The  barber  is  fashionably  dressed  with  ruffled  shirt ;  a  comb  and  scissors 
project  from  his  waistcoat  pocket;  other  tools  of  his  trade  have  fallen  to 
the  ground.  The  coachman  wears  a  round  hat  in  which  are  two  tickets, 
one  102  N,  showing  the  number  of  his  coach ;  there  are  holes  in  his  coat, 
waistcoat,  and  stocking.  Behind  him  (1.)  is  his  coach.  On  the  opposite  side 
of  the  road  (r.)  are  two  amused  spectators :  a  sailor  wearing  a  round  hat 
and  striped  trousers,  and  a  fat  oyster-woman  holding  a  little  girl  on  one 
arm ;  a  knife  hangs  from  her  waist,  and  behind  her  on  a  bench  is  a  basket 
of  oysters.  They  stand  outside  an  alehouse,  indicated  by  the  sign  of 
chequers  and  the  words  London  Porter  on  the  shutter  of  an  open  sash- 
window,  from  which  two  men  are  leaning ;  the  dial  of  a  clock  inside  the 
room  shows  that  it  is  five  o'clock.  Large  brick  houses  receding  in  per- 
spective complete  the  background.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Pay  me  my  Fare  and  be  damned  to  you. 
Me  ad  only  von  Sixpence  pon  my  Honare. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  popular  theme  of  the  beggarly  French  fop. 
I2f  X9I  in.  *  Caricatures',  i.  24. 


6762  THE  FIRST  INTERVIEW,  OR  HAPPINESS  SACRIFISED  TO 
RICHES. 

516.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles ^  N"  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  1784]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  well-furnished  room. 
A  young  woman  turns  aside  with  a  gesture  of  disgust  from  a  young  man  of 
simian  appearance  who  is  grinning  sheepishly.  Her  father  stands  behind 
her  with  outstretched  arms,  pleading  desperately  for  her  acceptance  of  the 
man.  The  suitor,  holding  his  hat  in  both  hands,  turns  away  from  the  lady 
with  an  imbecile  grin,  but  is  being  pushed  towards  her  by  a  third  man, 
probably  his  father.  Through  two  sash-windows  (1.)  appear  houses  and 
the  steeple  of  a  church.  Between  them  is  an  oval  mirror  in  a  carved  frame. 
A  landscape  hangs  on  the  other  wall  (r.).  The  floor  is  carpeted. 
i2jX9Jin.  'Caricatures',  i.  136. 

214 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1784 

6763   THE   RETURN   FROM  A  MASQUERADE— A  MORNING 
SCENE. 

517.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls 

Church  Yardy  London. 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  1784]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Two  grinning  chairmen,  walking 
diagonally  r.  to  1.  towards  the  spectator,  carry  a  sedan-chair,  from  the 
side  window  of  which  hang  the  head  and  shoulders  of  a  lady,  asleep  or 
drunk,  her  1.  arm  hanging  down  outside  the  chair.  She  is  dressed  as  a 
shepherdess,  a  garland  of  flowers  in  her  hair ;  in  her  r.  hand  is  a  crook  which 
also  projects  through  the  window.  Beside  the  chair  (r.)  walks  a  little 
grinning  chimney-sweep,  very  broad  and  short,  with  soot-bag  and  brush, 
but  with  a  striped  turban  or  cloth  on  his  head  and  holding  up  a  smiling 
mask.  The  chair  is  crossing  an  open  space  or  wide  street,  probably  Covent 
Garden,  with  houses  in  the  background. 

A  chimney-sweeper  was  a  not  unusual  character  at  a  masquerade,  and 
it  was  sometimes  said  that  real  sweeps,  butchers,  &c.,  posing  as  masks, 
visited  masquerades. 
12IX9JI  ^^'  *  Caricatures',  i.  206. 

LIFE  AND  DEATH  CONTRASTED— OR,  AN  ESSAY  ON  WOMAN. 
(518)  See  No.  3793  [1784] 

Also  an  uncoloured  impression. 

DEATH  AND  LIFE  CONTRASTED— OR,  AN  ESSAY  ON  MAN.  (519) 

See  No.  3792  [1784] 

Emblems  of  licentiousness  include  a  volume  of  The  Rambler's  Magazine, 
which  began  in  1783.  Also  an  uncoloured  impression. 

Similar  subjects  (n.d.),  with  a  cautionary  intent,  with  the  imprint  of 
Bowles  and  Carver,  are: 

THE  TREE  OF  LIFE,  an  altered  version  of  a  print  by  J.  Pace  after  1.  Dole- 
man.   'Caricatures',  iii.  51. 

HIEROGLYPHICKS   OF  THE  NATURAL  MAN.    Jf.  Bakewell  invK 
Ibid.,  p.  52. 

HIEROGLYPHICKS  OF  A  CHRISTIAN.  J.  Bakewell  inv^.  Ibid.,  p.  53. 

Cf.  also  Nos.  6903,  6908. 


6764  A  ST  JAMES'S  BEAUTY. 

520.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yard,  London.    Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 

1784]. 

Mezzotint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6765.  A  lady  seated  on  the  end  of 
a  sofa  looks  out  of  a  window  through  which  is  seen  a  building  resembling 
an  inner  courtyard  of  St.  James's  Palace.  Her  r.  elbow  rests  on  a  small 
circular  table  on  which  is  an  inkstand  with  a  pen ;  she  holds  up  a  rose.  She 

215 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

wears  a  feathered  hat,  a  muslin  fichu,  frilled  muslin  apron,  and  a  sash  over 
a  voluminous  draped  skirt.  The  wallpaper  and  the  window-curtains  are 
striped,  as  is  the  material  which  covers  the  sofa.  Behind  her  is  a  bureau- 
bookcase,  with  books  behind  glass  doors  and  partly  concealed  by  a  curtain. 
The  floor  is  completely  covered  by  a  patterned  carpet. 

She  is  probably  intended  for  an  inmate  of  one  of  the  fashionable  houses 
of  ill  fame  in  King's  Place,  cf.  No.  6547,  &c.  See  also  Nos.  6866,  8198. 

Reproduced,  Social  Englandy  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  483. 

A  coloured  impression  in  'Caricatures*,  i.  106. 

i2|Xio  in. 


6765  A  ST  GILES'S  BEAUTY. 

521.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles ^  N*^  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London,  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
1784]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  6764.  A  smiling  and  buxom  young  prostitute  is  seated,  full-face,  one 
arm  across  the  back  of  her  chair,  the  other  leaning  on  a  small  table  on 
which  are  a  bottle,  a  glass,  and  bread.  Her  hair  falls  on  her  shoulders ;  she 
holds  one  end  of  a  kerchief  exposing  her  breast.  The  room  is  slatternly,  the 
ceiling  is  broken,  and  there  is  a  hole  in  the  floor.  The  walls  are  stencilled 
or  papered.  Tom  bed-curtains  hang  against  the  wall  over  a  mattress  which 
is  propped  against  it.  On  the  floor  is  a  bunch  of  flowers  in  a  chamber-pot. 
A  broadside  on  the  wall  is  headed  by  a  print  of  a  Tyburn  crowd  surround- 
ing four  bodies  hanging  from  a  gallows.  Through  an  open  sash-window 
with  broken  panes  the  roofs  of  houses  are  seen ;  behind  them  is  a  church 
steeple. 
12IX9I  ^'  'Caricatures*,  i.  107. 


6766   THE    STAY-MAKER   TAKING   A   PLEASING    CIRCUM- 
FERENCE. 

522.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yard,  London 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  1784]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6767.  A 
lady  stands  in  frilled  petticoat  and  chemise  which  reveals  the  full  contours 
of  her  bust,  while  the  staymaker  (1.),  young  and  fashionably  dressed,  kneels 
on  one  knee  holding  his  yard-measure  round  her  waist,  gazing  at  her 
amorously.  Her  r.  hand  is  on  his  shoulder.  On  a  chair  (1.)  is  a  pair  of 
stays.  On  the  ground  (r.)  is  his  hat  with  more  stays  tied  together  by  a 
handkerchief. 

The  room  is  fashionably  furnished  with  a  draped  blind  half-concealing 
a  window  (1.).  The  wall  is  papered,  the  floor  carpeted ;  against  a  wall  is  a 
striped  settee  over  which  hangs  an  oval  mirror  in  an  ornate  carved  frame, 
with  two  cupids  supporting  garlands. 

12 Jx 9 J  in.  'Caricatures',  1.  184. 

216 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES    I784 

6767    THE    FASHIONABLE    SHOE-MAKER   TRYING    ON   AN 
ITALIAN  SLIPPER. 

523.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  N°  6g  in  S^  PauVs 
Church  Yard,  London, 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  1784]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6766.  A 
young  woman  wearing  hat,  lace-trimmed  mantle,  and  gloves  sits,  her  r.  leg 
resting  on  the  knee  of  a  young  man  (1.)  who  kneels  on  one  knee  placing  a 
slipper  on  her  foot.  He  is  dressed  in  the  height  of  the  fashion  in  a  cutaway 
coat  and  a  high  swathed  neckcloth ;  she  looks  coyly  at  him,  he  gazes  ardently 
at  her.  On  the  floor  is  the  other  slipper  and  the  shoe,  unbuckled,  which  she 
has  taken  off.  Her  muff  is  on  a  table  beside  her  (r.). 

The  room  is  fashionably  furnished.  Striped  curtains  drape  the  window 
(1.)  through  which  trees  are  seen.  The  wall  is  papered  and  the  floor 
carpeted.  An  elaborate  chimney-piece  partly  visible  (r.)  is  decorated  by 
an  urn  flanked  by  a  pyramid  on  a  rectangular  base. 

i2iX9fin.  'Caricatures*,  L  185. 

IN  PLACE.    EN  EMPLOI  (539).  See  No.  3772  [1784] 

OUT  OF  PLACE.    HORS  D'EMPLOI  (540).  See  No.  3773  [1784] 


6768  LABOUR  IN  VAIN— OR,  FATTY  IN  DISTRESS  [1784] 

[After  Dighton.] 

541,  Printed  for  &  sold  by  Carington  Bowles  N"  6g  in  S*  Pauls  Church 
Yard,  London. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  fat  woman  of 
No.  6138  struggles  to  get  through  posts  which  frame  an  opening  in  a  low 
wooden  rail  or  barrier  in  St.  George's  Fields.  A  beau  (r.),  almost  identical 
with  the  man  who  is  pulling  her  through  in  No.  6138,  leans  on  one  elbow 
on  the  near  side  of  the  rail.  Behind  him,  on  the  farther  side  of  the  rail, 
a  fat  citizen  looks  at  her  through  a  single  eyeglass.  She  holds  a  closed  fan 
in  her  r.  hand.  A  spaniel  barks  at  her.  In  the  middle  distance  (1.)  two  men 
are  laughing  together;  one  carries  on  his  head  a  large  corded  trunk.  In  the 
distance  are  the  buildings  of  Saint  George's  Spa,  the  name  engraved  on 
the  fa9ade.  A  large  tree  (r.)  extends  its  branches  across  the  upper  part 
of  the  design.  In  the  distance  (r.)  are  trees  behind  a  ramshackle  paling, 
extending  to  the  buildings  of  the  'Spa*. 

This  was  the  *Dog  and  Duck*,  a  place  of  entertainment  which  by  this 
time  was  on  the  down-grade  towards  the  disrepute  which  led  to  its  sup- 
pression. See  W.  Wroth,  London  Pleasure  Gardens,  1896,  pp.  271  ff. 
(reproduction). 

13  X 10  in.    Crace  Collection,  Portfolio  XXXV,  No.  35.  *  Caricatures*,  i.  54. 

217 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 
6769  THE  PIT  DOOR.    LA  PORTE  DU  PARTERRE. 
[After  Dighton.] 

542.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles y  N"*  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  9  Nov.  1784^] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  struggling  crowd,  partly  within  and 
partly  without  the  pit  door,  a  spiked  gateway,  of  Drury  Lane  Theatre. 
Men,  respectably  dressed  but  of  plebeian  appearance,  stand  in  the  fore- 
ground on  the  outskirts  of  the  crowd  or  fight  their  way  in,  some  with 
sticks.  There  are  a  few  women;  one  who  has  fainted  but  is  in  an  erect 
position  owing  to  the  crowd,  is  being  revived  with  smelling-salts.  A  man 
is  vomiting.  In  the  foreground  two  lady's  hats,  the  ribbons  partly  torn  off, 
lie  on  the  ground  with  shoes  and  the  broken  fragments  of  a  shoe-buckle. 
In  the  background  two  ladies  and  a  man  are  passing  through  a  narrow  door 
into  the  theatre  itself;  through  the  doorway  is  seen  a  section  of  an  upper 
gallery  and  boxes  below  it,  both  crowded.  On  the  exterior  wall,  above  the 
heads  of  the  crowd,  is  a  play-bill.  By  Command  of  their  Majesties.  At  the 
Theatre  Royal  Drury  Lane  this  present  Thursday  Oct  21 1784  The  Grecian 
Daughter  .  .  .  Euphrasia  M"  Siddons.  To  which  will  be  added  The  Devil  to 
Pay.  followed  by  words  in  small  type  among  which  Sir  John  Lovelace 
Af  King  is  just  legible.  Tomorrow  the  Tragedy  of  Hamlet  Hamlet  by 
M'  Kemble. 

The  crowd  for  a  performance  by  Mrs.  Siddons  of  one  of  her  famous 
parts  (cf.  No.  6126)  was  especially  great,  but  there  were  many  complaints 
of  the  overcrowding  at  the  London  theatres. 

Reproduced,  Johnson's  England,  ed.  A.  S.  Turberville,  ii.  178. 
I2|  X  9I  in.  *  Caricatures*,  i.  41 . 

'  Impression  exhibited  at  Burlington  Fine  Arts  Club,  1932. 


218 


1785 

POLITICAL  SATIRES 

6770  THE  FALL  OF  ACHILLES. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥Jany  7.  lySs  by  G.  Wallis  Ludgate  Hill 

Engraving.  Pitt  puts  the  Coalition  to  flight.  He  stands  on  the  1.,  having 
just  discharged  an  arrow  from  his  bow,  which  pierces  Fox  (r.)  in  the 
Achilles  tendon.  He  says: 

Thus  do  I  strive  with  heart  and  hand 
To  drive  Sedition  from  the  Land, 

Fox,  prostrate  and  massive,  supports  himself  on  his  hands  to  look  at  Pitt, 

saying : 

There  is  nought  but  a  place  or  a  pension  that  will  ease 
The  Strain  that  Fve  got  in  my  tendon  Achilles 

Burke,  behind  Fox,  rushes  away  from  Pitt,  his  arms  outstretched  in  terror, 
saying : 

Before  thy  Arrows  Pitty  I  fly 

O  D — n  that  word  prolexity 

North,  between  Burke  and  Pitt,  also  in  flight  but  holding  a  sword  and 
shield,  says: 

This  cursed  eternal  Coalition 

Has  brought  us  to  a  rare  Condition 

Pitt  has  a  quiver  with  arrows  slung  across  his  shoulder;  he.  North,  and 
Burke  wear  contemporary  dress ;  Fox  wears  a  tunic,  greaves,  and  sandals. 

Burke  was  reproved  by  Pitt  on  30  July  1784  for  his  prolixity  in  bringing 
forward  a  motion  for  papers  on  the  conduct  of  Hastings :  *if  the  hon. 
gentleman  went  on  in  that  manner,  making  motions  for  which  there  were 
no  parliamentary  grounds,  there  would  be  no  end  to  it.'  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv. 
1264.  Burke  again  spoke  at  length;  on  rising  a  third  time  he  was  shouted 
down  and  was  told  by  W.  W.  Grenville  that  his  pressing  'himself  so 
frequently  on  the  House'  was  'contrary  to  all  rule,  and  if  tolerated,  there 
was  an  end  of  all  debate'.  Ibid.,  pp.  1271-2.  Cf.  Nos.  6776,  6788.  Fox 
actually  strained  his  Achilles  tendon  about  this  time,  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  6 
(4  Feb.).  For  the  consequences  of  the  Coalition  to  the  Whigs  cf.  Nos. 
6671,  6790,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  152. 
8|xi3jin. 

6771  (FOX)  SINGING  A  SONG  TO  THE  P E  OF  W— L— S. 

[  ?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  Janv        1785  by  J.  Barrow,  Red  Lion  Bull  Stairs  Surry  side 
Black  Friars  Bridge. 

Engraving.  A  fox  represents  the  first  word  of  the  title.  Fox  (1.)  and  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (r.)  sit  opposite  each  other  playing  cards  at  a  circular  table. 

219 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Each  holds  a  wine-glass;  on  the  table  are  guineas,  cards,  and  a  bottle.  The 
Prince  asks.  Fox,  are  not  you  the  Shuffler?  Fox  sings  (the  words  in  a  label 
issuing  from  his  mouth) : 

J 
Tho*  matters  at  present  go  cross  in  the  Realm, 
You  will  one  day  be  K—g  Sir,  and  I  at  the  helm; 
So  let  us  be  jovial,  drink,  gamble  and  sing. 
Nor  regard  it  a  straw,  tho'  we're  not  yet  the  thing. 
Tol'de-rol,  Tol,  Tol,  Tol-de-rol 

2 

The  proverb  informs  us.  Each  dog  has  his  day, 
So  those  that  oppose  us,  this  Fate  must  obey. 
But  time*s  on  our  side  Sir,  and  now  on  the  wing. 
To  make  me  a  Statesman  and  you  Sir  the  K—g, 
Tol-de-rol,  Tol,  Tol,  Tol-de-rol. 

3 
In  vain  are  harangues,  I  as  well  may  be  dumb. 
And  let  motions  alone,  till  our  day  Sir,  is  come. 
Then  Thurlow  &  Pitt,  from  their  State  we  will  fling. 
They  may  go  below  stairs  Sir,  so  we  are  the  thing. 
Tol-de-rol,  Tol,  Tol,  Tol-de-rol, 

4 
Thus  seated  in  state  Sir,  well  fill  all  our  Soul, 
At  the  Fountain  of  Venus,  at  Bacchus*s  bowl, 
In  all  that  we  please  Sir,  we'll  take  a  full  swing 
For  who's  to  controul  a  Prime  Statesman  and  King? 
Tol-de-rol,  Tol,  Tol,  Tol-de-rol. 

An  indication  of  the  completeness  of  Pitt*s  victory  in  1784  (cf.  No. 
6671,  &c.).  For  the  relations  between  Fox  and  the  Prince  cf.  Nos.  6237, 
6401,  &c.  For  the  Regency  crisis,  when  this  prophecy  seemed  on  the  point 
of  fulfilment,  see  No.  7377,  &c.   Cf.  No.  6795. 
8i^gXi25in. 

6772  PART  THE  FIRST AS  IT  IS. 

THE  GAMBLERS. 

Pu¥Jany  9.  iy8s—by  S.  W.  Fores  N'>  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6779.  Three 
men  are  seated  on  a  settee  behind  a  circular  gaming-table,  on  which  are 
cards,  a  dice-box,  and  guineas.  On  the  r.  is  the  Prince  of  Wales,  a  dice-box 
in  his  1.  hand;  with  the  r.  he  points  to  the  star  on  his  coat,  saying.  Who  sets 
a  thousand  on  This?  The  man  on  the  1.,  perhaps  Sheridan,  answers, 
stretching  out  his  r.  arm  to  the  Prince,  /  say  done — at  it  for  a  thousand. 
Fox,  who  sits  between  them,  holds  out  his  r.  hand  covertly  to  Sheridan 
and  takes  from  him  a  pair  of  dice,  saying.  Give  me  the  cog'd  dies  and  I'll 
nick  him. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  evil  influence  of  Fox  on  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
cf.  Nos.  6237,  6401,  &c.  See  also  No.  6774. 
8Jxi2|in. 

2ZO 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

6773  THE  MEETING  OF  PARLIAMENT. 

[W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs j  by  J.  Brozvtiy  Rathbone  Place^  Jan^  22^  ^7^5- 

Engraving.  Pitt  and  Fox,  stripped  to  the  waist,  face  one  another  in  a 
pugilistic  encounter:  Pitt  (r.),  tall  and  slim.  Fox  (1.),  slightly  shorter  but 
far  stouter.  The  backers  are  North  behind  Fox,  and  Pepper  Arden,  the 
Attorney-General,  behind  Pitt.  North  says,  Touch  him  about  the  Lights^ 
Brother  Charley — 77/  warrant  heHl  be  glad  to  commute  with  you — and  Fit 
cool  Master  Pepper.  Arden  says.  Courage  Billy y  zounds!  dont  be  afraid,  use 
Dispatch — the  Law  is  on  your  side. 

The  print  anticipates  the  opening  of  the  session  on  25  Jan.  Its  especial 
application  is  perhaps  to  the  Westminster  Scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c. 
For  Arden,  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii.  179,  204  fF.,  &c.  *Lights*  and 
'Commute'  are  punning  allusions  to  the  Commutation  Tax,  see  No.  6634, 
&c. 
7iix  121^5  in. 

6774  CHARLEY  DIE. 

London  Pu¥  Jan^  2y*^  1783,  by  W  George  22y  Strand 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  H.L.  portrait  of  Fox,  leaning  back  with 
an  inscrutable  expression,  similar  to  that  in  No.  6772  by  the  same  artist. 
His  r.  hand,  holding  a  dice-box,  is  raised  above  his  head.  Below  the  title 
is  engraved : 

Seven  is  the  Main:  Seven! 
Who  sets  Charley  any  more  money? 

Before  the  publication-line  is,  — Billy  Sly  [?  Pitt],  in  a  few  days — ,  but  see 
No.  6778,  a  companion  print  by  the  same  artist. 

One  of  several  satires  implying,  as  on  his  resignation  in  1782,  that 
Fox*s  only  resource  is  the  gaming-table ;  see  No.  6804,  a  reissue  of  No.  6015. 

5iiX5in. 

6775  WESTMINSTER  SCHOOL. 

OR— DR  BUSBY  SETTLING  ACCOUNTS  WITH  MASTER- 
BILLY  AND  HIS  PLAYMATES. 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  Feby  4^  1785,  by  J.  Ridgeway,  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Fox  as  Dr.  Busby  birches  Pitt  and  his  supporters  in  a  lofty 
hall  with  stone  walls.  Fox  (1.)  sits  under  a  statue  of  Justice  which  is  in  an  al- 
cove above  his  head,  a  birch-rod  in  her  r.  hand,  in  the  1.,  her  scales  evenly 
balanced.  Pitt  lies  across  Fox's  knee,  his  posteriors  scarred;  he  says,  O 
pardon  me  &  Fll  promise  you  on  my  honor  that  I  will  Honestly  &  boldly 
endeavour  a  reform!^*  Fox,  his  birch-rod  raised  to  smite,  says,  ThaVs  all 
Twaddle! — so  here* s  for  your  India  Task!  there!  there!  there!  &  there* s  for 
blocking  up  the  old  Womens  Windows  &  making  them  drink  Tea  in  the  dark! 

— there!  there!  &  there*  s  for O  Fve  aa  a  hundred  accounts  to  settle — 

there!  there!  there!  there!  there!  there.  Those  who  have  been  already 
chastised  are  borne  off  (r.),  a  sea  of  heads,  on  the  backs  of  the  Foxite  party. 

221 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  last  three  only  are  characterized:  Robinson  is  carried  off  on  North's 
back;  he  is  identified  by  the  rats  which  leap  from  his  rolled-up  coat,  cf. 
No.  6427,  &c.  Sheridan  (identified  by  the  School  for  Scandal  which  pro- 
trudes from  his  pocket)  carries  off  Sir  Richard  Hill,  identified  by  two 
papers  projecting  from  his  coat :  Bible  Joke  and  Rochester  Sermon  (see  The 
Rolliady  No.  Ill,  Probationary  OdeSy  No.  IV),  Next,  Burke  carries  off 
Richard  Atkinson  ('the  minor  Kinson'  of  The  Rolliady  No.  VIII),  from 
whose  pocket  projects  Rum  Contr[act].  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved: 

*^ Illustrious  BumSy  might  merit  more  regard; 
Ah!  Bums  too  tender  for  a  stroke  so  hard" 

VideRolliad.   See  No.  6816. 

(A  parody  of  the  lines  on  the  Treasury  bench : 

*No  sattin  covering  decks  th 'unsightly  boards; 

No  velvet  cushion  holds  the  youthful  Lords, 

And  claims  illustrious  Tails  such  small  regard  ? 

Ah!  Tails  too  tender  for  a  seat  so  hard.' 
With  the  gloss, 

*Alas!  that  flesh,  so  late  by  pedants  scarr'd 

Sore  from  the  rod,  should  suffer  seats  so  hard.') 

A  propagandist  print  issued  by  the  publisher  of  The  Rolliady  and  mis- 
representing the  actual  state  of  politics,  but  cf.  No.  68 1 8.  For  the  allusions 
to  the  windows  and  tea,  see  No.  6634,  &c.  For  'twaddle',  a  new  word,  cf. 
No.  6958. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  73.  Reprinted,  G.  W.  G.,  1830. 

12IX9I  i^- 

6776  THE  ORATORS  JOURNEY. 

Pu¥  Feby  the  7  178^  by  S,  W.  Fores  N''  3.  Piccadilly, 

Engraving.  Fox  and  Burke  ride  (r.  to  1.)  a  galloping  horse  beside  a  mile- 
stone inscribed  J  Mile  to  Perdition,  Between  them  sits  Mrs.  Siddons, 
whom  Burke  holds  round  the  waist.  Fox  holds  the  reins  and  lashes  the 
horse,  turning  round  to  say,  No  Prolixity  B ke.  Here 's  no  procrastina- 
tion, Burke  says.  Now  we'll  show  the  Mahratta's  something  Sublime  and 
beautiful.  Mrs.  Siddons,  as  Lady  Macbeth,  holds  a  dagger  in  her  r.  hand, 
a  bowl  in  the  1.,  saying.  That  which  hath  made  them  drunky  hath  made  me 
bold.   Behind  them,  r.,  pointing  to  the  r.,  is  a  signpost.  To  Popularity, 

For  Burke's  prolixity  cf.  No.  6770.  Mrs.  Siddons  played  Lady  Macbeth 
for  the  first  time  in  London  at  her  benefit,  2  Feb.  1785,  Drury  Lane. 
Genest,  vi.  336-7. 
lof  X14I  in. 

6777  THE  OLD  HEN  AND  CHICKEN  OF  THE  LAW. 

[W.  Dent.] 

See  the  Debate  on  the  Westminster  Scrutiny  in  the  Papers  of  Thursday 
thei&^ofFebyiySs 

Engraving.  Pitt,  as  a  game-cock  with  a  human  head,  stands  guard  at  the 
door  of  the  Treasury  (1.),  which  is  inscribed  Cock  Pit  Barn  Door,  He  says, 

222 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

Cock  a  doodle  do.  In  the  foreground  a  large  hen  with  the  head  and  wig  of 
Sir  Lloyd  Kenyon,  Master  of  the  Rolls,  faces  in  profile  a  small  man, 
Michael  Angelo  Taylor,  who  holds  his  hat  deprecatingly.  Kenyon  says, 
Chicken! — way,  you  was  less  than  a  chick,  quite  addled  in  the  shell,  when  you 

turned  tail  to  the  T — s y  Cock  and  his  crums  of  comfort.    Taylor  says. 

Dear  Master,  permit  me  to  explain — my  meaning  was  good — when  I  said  that 
I  was  a  mere  chicken  of  the  Law — .  At  his  feet  is  a  paper  inscribed  New 
Species  of  Poultry  by  Master  Biddy.  Two  game-cocks  with  human  heads 
in  profile  to  the  1.  stand  (r.)  watching  the  conversation;  one  is  Jack  Lee, 
Attorney-General  under  the  Coalition,  the  other  James  Mansfield,  his 
Solicitor-General.  Mansfield  says,  Dont  you  think,  honest  Jack,  that  we  can 
make  a  tough  Pullet  of  him?  Lee  answers.  Impossible! — he^s  worse  than  an 

ill-roasted  egg,  d d  on  one  and  not  worth  a  curse  the  other  side.   Round 

the  Treasury  door  (1.)  seven  chickens  with  human  profiles  wearing  legal 
wigs  are  pecking  at  guineas. 

Michael  Angelo  Taylor,  M.P.  for  Poole,  then  a  Pittite,  voted  against 
Pitt  on  the  Westminster  Scrutiny,  saying  apologetically  (9  Feb.  1785)  that 
*he  was  young — he  was  but,  what  he  might  call  himself,  a  chicken  in  the 
profession*.  Sheridan  ridiculed  the  remark,  saying,  Terhaps  it  would  have 
been  as  well . . .  that  the  chicken  had  not  left  the  barn  door  of  the  Treasury 
. .  .*.  Lee  and  Kenyon  also  spoke.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  42,  47,  &c.  Taylor  was 
ridiculed  as  'the  Chick  of  Law*  in  the  Probationary  Odes  and  the  nick- 
name stuck  to  him  for  life.  He  soon  went  over  to  the  Opposition.  For  the 
Westminster  Scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c. 
7iXiiJin. 

6778  HONEST  BILLY. 

PuV>  Feby  18.  lySs  by  S  W  Fores  AT"  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Design  in  an  oval. 
H.L.  portrait  of  Pitt  in  the  House  of  Commons,  standing  at  the  table  on 
which  are  books  and  two  documents  inscribed  Parliamentary  Reform  and 
Commutation  Act.  Three  shadowy  seated  figures  watch  him :  Fox  (1.)  says. 
Oh  that  I  had  him  at  Brooks's!  Fd  Reform  him.  Next,  a  man  wearing  a 
hat  says.  If  I  had  him  at  Deal  Fd  soon  Smuggle  him — Oh  that  poor  Charley 
had  continued  in.  He'd  never  suppress  our  trade.  The  third  says.  He  has 
made  a  Bankrupt  of  me.  Oh  that  I  could  Adulterate.  (The  smuggled  tea 
had  been  much  adulterated.)  Above  the  design  is  etched.  Save,  oh  Save 
my  Country!!!  My  Fathers'  dying  words  I  never  can  forget. 

The  print  anticipates  Pitt's  motion  for  Parliamentary  Reform,  on  18 
Apr.,  but  his  intention  was  well  known,  especially  through  a  circular  letter 
of  Wyville  to  the  Reform  Committees  on  27  Dec.  1784.  The  measures  for 
suppressing  smuggling  and  for  the  reduction  of  the  tea- duties  (so  reducing 
the  profits  of  smuggling  and  adulteration),  the  loss  to  be  supplied  by  the 
'Commutation  Tax',  an  additional  duty  on  windows,  had  been  passed  in 
1784,  see  No.  6634,  &c.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6774. 
SiixSiein. 

6779  PART  THE  SECOND.  AS  IT  OUGHT  TO  BE. 

London  Pu¥  Feby  2y  lyS^  by  S  W  Fores  A/^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (uncoloured  and  partly  coloured  impressions).  A  sequel  to 
No.  6772.  The  Prince  (1.)  has  risen  from  the  settee,  the  table  is  overturned, 

223 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  holding  a  poker  in  his  hand  he  drives  Fox  and  ( ?)  Sheridan  from  the 
room.  Dice-boxes  and  cards  He  on  the  floor.  He  says,  Outf  ye  ungrateful 
Villains!  And  never  dare  to  enter  here  again.  Fox  (r.)  turns  his  head  to  say, 
Forgive  me  this  once.  And  Fll  be  your  slave  for  ever — If  your  H ss  dis- 
cards mCy  What  mil  become  of  me  ?  The  other  says,  /  say  off— He* s  nicked 
us  Charley, 
8fXi2iin. 

6780  PAR  NOBILE  [fratnim].  [Feb.  1785^] 

Aquatint.   A  silhouette  of  two  profiles  facing  each  other.    On  the  r.  is 
Wilkes ;  on  the  1.  the  devil,  horned  and  bearded,  grins  at  his  brother. 
4jx6in.  (pi.). 

6781  THE  MINISTER  KNOCKING  OUT  BRITANNIA'S  DAY- 
LIGHTS, [i  Mar.  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  Britannia  is  attacked  by  Pitt 
who  strikes  her  in  the  face.  She  is  supported  by  Fox  (r.),  who  holds  her 
1.  arm.  Behind  Pitt  (1.)  stands  Thurlow,  who  appears  to  be  restraining  him. 
On  the  extreme  1.  is  another  spectator.  Britannia*s  shield  and  spear  are 
on  the  ground,  and  Pitt's  1.  foot  is  on  the  shield.  In  the  background  are 
houses  and  the  pavement  of  a  street. 

An  attack  on  the  Commutation  Tax,  by  which  the  tax  on  windows  was 
increased  to  compensate  for  a  reduction  on  the  tax  on  tea,  see  No.  6634,  &c. 

4TiX3ftm. 

6782  THE  SPARTAN  BOY.  [i  Mar.  1785] 

Engraving.  PI.  to  the  Hibernian  Magazine^  1785,  p.  57,  but  this  impression 
appears  to  have  been  issued  separately.  Design  in  an  oval.  H.L.  portrait 
of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  a  hat.  His  hands  are 
crossed  on  his  breast,  hugging  a  fox  whose  head  protrudes  from  under  his 
r.  arm.  The  fox  says,  /  shall  get  through  at  Last. 

The  accompanying  text  relates  the  tale  of  the  Spartan  boy  who  concealed 
a  stolen  fox  until  he  was  bitten  to  death,  and  explains  that  the  subject  of 
the  print  is  not  Spartan  in  character,  but  rather  resembles  Prince  Hal;  the 
resemblance  consists  in  his  *  holding  a  wiley  and  insidious  Fox  near  his 
heart . .  .  and  in  persisting  to  keep  him  till  he  gnaws  his  vitals,  and  brings 
him  to  destruction*.  For  Fox  and  the  Prince  cf.  No.  6401,  &c. 
4X2f  in. 

6783  THE  DEFEAT  OF  THE  HIGH  &  MIGHTY  BAILISSIMO 
CORBETTINO  .  .  . 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Humphry  near  Temple  Bar  Strand,  f^  March  lySs. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scene  in  the  Vestry 
Room  of  St.  Martin's,  Westminster,  symbolizing  the  defeat  of  the  Govern- 
ment on  the  Scrutiny  on  3  Mar.,  when  Sawbridge  carried  by  38  his 
motion  that  the  High  Bailiff  be  forthwith  ordered  to  make  his  return. 
Fox  (1.)  and  Wray  (r.)  are  fighting;  Wray's  sword  is  broken  and  he  shrinks 
*  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks. 
224 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

back  from  Fox,  who  threatens  him  with  the  sword  oi  Justice.  Fox*s  shield 
is  inscribed  Majority  38 ^  Wray's  is  inscribed  Ingratitude.  A  flying  cherub 
holds  over  Fox's  head  a  laurel  wreath,  and  a  scroll  inscribed,  It  is  Ordered 
that  Thomas  Corbett.  Esq^  do  immediately  Return — .  From  his  mouth  issues 
the  word  Victory.  Fox  says,  The  Wrath  of  my  Indignation  is  kindled  and 
I  will  pursue  them  with  a  mighty  hand  and  outstretched  Arm  until  Justice  is 
done  to  those  who  have  so  nobly  supported  me.  Wray  says.  My  Knees  wax 
feeble  and  I  sink  beneath  the  weight  of  my  own  Apostacy — .  He  steps  back 
across  the  prostrate  body  of  Corbett,  the  High  Bailiff,  who  says,  my 
Conscience  is  now  at  peace.  Wray's  counsel  in  the  Scrutiny  are  fleeing  to 
the  r.  in  confusion.  Three  of  them  say,  respectively :  Nor  Law  nor  Con- 
science nor  the  aid  of  Potent  Ministers  can  'ere  support  this  Contest  'gainst 
such  a  Chief;  Help!  Help!  Our  Chief  is  fallen!  O  Conscience  support  me — , 
and.  Our  support  is  gone  and  we  are  fallen  into  a  Pitt,  yea  even  into  a  Deep 
Pitty — .  Fox's  counsel  advance  behind  him  from  the  1.  in  triumph.  The 
foremost  raises  a  book  inscribed  Truth;  three  others  hold  rolled  docu- 
ments inscribed  respectively.  Law,  Eloquence,  and  Perseverance.  On  the 
walls  of  the  room  are  notices:  At  a  Vestry  holden  in  and  for  the  Parish  of 

S*  Martin  in  the  Fields It  is  ordered  that  the  Parish  Officers  be  Vigilant 

in  apprehending  all  Vagabonds  in  this  Parish.  A  placard  purporting  to  be 
a  transcript  of  the  creed  begins,  /  believe  in  Murphy  the  Assessor  Almighty 

maker  of  good  and  bad  V [votes]  visible  &  invisible  and.  .  .  .  from  thence 

shall  come  to  Judge  the  quick  &  the  [dea]d Next  to  this  is  a  List  of 

bad  votes  Jn""  Hale  Esq""  J.  Matthias  Sen""  J.  Matthias  J.  .  .  . 

After  the  title  is  etched :  and  his  famed  Cecilian  Forces  on  the  Plains  of 
S^  Martin  on  Thursday  the  3^^  day  of  February  lySs  by  the  Champion  of  the 
People  and  his  chosen  Band,  after  a  smart  Skirmish  which  lasted  a  consider- 
able time,  in  which  many  Men  were  lost  on  both  sides.  But  their  great  Ally 
at  length  losing  ground.  Desertions  took  place  and  notwithstanding  their  vast 
superiority  in  Numbers  and  weight  of  Metal  at  the  first  onset,  they  decreased 
apace,  altho'  often  rallied  by  the  ablest  Men  in  Command,  till  at  length  the 
Forces  gave  way  in  all  quarters  &  they  were  totally  overthrown.  This  Print 
is  dedicated  to  the  Electors  of  the  City  &  Liberty  of  Westminster  who  have 
so  nobly  stood  forth  and  supported  their  Champion  upon  this  trying  occasion 
by An  Independent  Elector. 

At  this  time  the  Scrutiny  was  completed  only  in  the  parish  of  St.  Ann's, 
Soho,  and  was  proceeding  in  St.  Martin's  (Wray  had  expected  greater 
success  in  St.  Margaret  and  St.  John's) ;  many  bad  votes  were  detected  on 
both  sides,  the  relative  positions  remaining  unaltered.  The  court  was 
dilatory  and  incompetent,  the  proceedings  very  expensive,  and  it  was 
estimated  that  two  more  years  would  be  needed  for  completion.  For  the 
High  Bailiff's  conscience,  cf.  Sheridan's  speech  on  8  Feb.,  Pari.  Hist.  xxv. 
48,  50.  Arthur  Murphy  had  been  appointed  assessor  in  succession  to 
Francis  Hargrave  who  had  resigned.  Garrow  and  Philips  were  counsel  for 
Fox,  Rouse  and  Morgan  for  Wray.  On  4  Mar.  the  High  Bailiff  made  the 
return,  the  unqualified  votes  having  been  deducted:  Hood  6588,  Fox  6126, 
Wray  5895.  On  3  Mar.  there  were  illuminations  in  Westminster.  West- 
minster Election,  2nd  ed.,  1785,  pp.  539  ff.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  1-146.  For  the 
Scrutiny  see  Nos.  6553,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  153-4.  Reproduced,  Gvtgo,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary 
Elections,  1892,  p.  287;  Manchee,  Westminster  City  Fathers^  1924,  p.  18. 

225  Q 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6784  CICERO  IN  CATILINAM 
J^/[Sayers]. 

Published  if^  March  lyS^  by  Th(/  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons.  Pitt  stands  by  the  table 
in  back  view,  r.  arm  held  out,  his  head  turned  to  address  Fox.  Fox  (r.) 
and  North  are  seated  on  the  front  Opposition  bench;  Fox,  wearing  his 
hat  and  holding  a  stick,  bites  his  fingers  and  turns  his  head  away  from 
Pitt,  looking  sulky  and  abashed.  North,  his  forehead  puckered  in  a  frown, 
conceals  his  face  behind  a  paper  on  which  he  is  writing.  The  Speaker, 
Cornwall,  stands  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r. ;  below  him  the  Clerks  of  the  House, 
John  Hatsell,  Clerk  (1.),  and  John  Ley,  Clerk  Assistant  (r.),  are  seated  at 
the  table.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

*^Quousque  tandem  ahuterey  Catilina^  patientia  nostra?  quamdiu  ettam" 
"furor  iste  tuus  nos  eludet?  &c  &c'\ 

Perhaps  an  allusion  to  the  dispute  between  Pitt  and  Fox  on  9  Mar., 
in  a  debate  on  the  Scrutiny,  when  Pitt  accused  Fox  of  'speaking  of  the 
recently  elected  House  with  the  most  insolent  contempt  and  invective',  and 
was  restrained  by  the  Speaker  from  quoting  the  words  of  another  member 
spoken  in  a  former  debate.  Pari.  Hist,  xxv.  140,  142.  For  Fox  as  Catiline 
of.  Nos.  6426,  7492,  8067,  8072. 

I2|XlIi^6  ^^• 

6785  HIBERNIA  IN  THE  CHARACTER  OF  CHARITY. 
W.D,  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs^  by  J.  Brozmiy  Rathbone  Place  March  21 1784 

V 1785] 

Engraving.  Hibernia,  seated,  holds  on  her  lap  Fox  (1.)  and  North,  whom 
she  is  suckling  (r.).  She  says.  Bless  the  little  Innocents!  Behind  her  (1.) 
Britannia  lies  on  the  ground,  her  shield  and  spear  beside  her,  Hibernians 
foot  resting  on  the  shield  which  is  inscribed  Equal  Participation.  At 
Hibernia's  feet  Burke  kneels  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  a  staff  inscribed 
Faction^  he  earnestly  addresses  a  man  whose  body  is  partly  composed  of 
an  Irish  harp  inscribed  Sedition^  he  is  in  profile  to  the  1.,  horns  sprout  from 
his  forehead;  his  resemblance  to  the  Bishop  of  Derry  in  No.  6654  is 
marked.  Fox,  North,  and  Burke  are  naked  infants.  Britannia  says : 

Sister y  this  treachery  you  may  have  to  rue^ 
BewarCy  you  may  yourself  with  me  undo. 

The  bishop  {'Sedition')  says: 

Proceed  ye  precious  Imps!  ye  politicians  good! 

Who  first  crVd  that  poor  Ireland  must  have  cloaths  and  food! 

Now  bawl  that  Britian^s  ruined  with  as  fair  a  face y 

To  get  Ministers  out  and  your  dear  selves  in  place. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

These  sweet  Babes  by  Britannia  quite  cast  outy 
At  length  have  found  a  Parent  brave  and  stout. 
They* II  good  children  prove y  she  a  fond  mother y 
BecausCy  hence  they  may  assist  each  other. 

226 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

For  the  clamour  raised  and  exploited  by  Fox  against  Pitt's  Irish  Resolu- 
tions see  Lecky,  vi.  399-401 ;  Russell,  Memorials  and  Correspondence  of 
FoXy  ii.  270  f.  Rutland  wrote  from  Ireland  to  Pitt,  16  June  1784,  'M''  Fox 
I  am  informed,  says.  He  shall  make  his  harvest  from  Ireland.* 

The  demand  for  'protecting  duties'  was  made  in  Ireland  in  April  1784, 
cf.  No.  6647.  The  Resolutions  on  Commercial  Intercourse  between  Ire- 
land and  Great  Britain  were  laid  before  Parliament  on  22  Feb.  1785,  and 
were  attacked  by  Fox.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  3 1 1  if .  See  letter  of  Pulteney  to 
Rutland,  22  Mar.,  on  the  manoeuvres  of  the  Opposition.  Hist.  MSS. 
Comm.  Rutland  Papers y  iii.  193-4.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^  pp. 
249  ff.  For  Irish  unrest  see  No.  6654,  &c.  For  the  Irish  Propositions  see 
Nos.  6787,  6788,  6789,  6792,  6794,  6795,  6796,  6798,  6799,  6800,  6801, 
6802,  6805,  6806,  6809,  6812,  6964,  7124,  7135,  7389,  7480. 
9X7 J  in. 

6786  PYLADES,  AND  ORESTES. 

From  the  Original  Painting  by  Guido^  in  S^  James^j  Palace    Pu¥ 
March  lyS^ 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North,  both  about  to  be  executed  by  demons,  reach 
out,  one  for  dice-box  and  dice,  the  other  for  guineas.  Fox  (1.)  kneels  on 
the  ground  beneath  a  gallows,  of  which  he  appears  unaware,  his  neck  is  in 
a  noose,  and  a  winged  demon  hauls  at  the  rope  which  is  over  a  pulley. 
North  (r.)  kneels  so  that  his  neck  is  under  the  blade  which  is  supported 
in  a  gibbet  (an  anticipation  of  the  guillotine)  and  is  being  let  down  by 
another  flying  demon.  He  is  intent  on  the  coins  and  ignores  the  threatening 
blade.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 


O  infortunati  ambo^  si  quid  mea  carmina  possint 
Ad  impia  Tartara  mit.  .  .  . 


6fxiijin. 


6787  THE  HIBERNIAN  ATTEMPT.  [i  Apr.  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  George  III,  seated  on  the 
throne,  holds  a  sceptre ;  on  his  head  is  half  a  crown,  he  points  to  America, 
a  negro  wearing  a  feathered  head-dress  who  waves  a  striped  flag  and  is 
carrying  off  (1.)  the  other  half  of  his  crown.  Pitt  stands  complacently  on 
the  king's  r. ;  between  and  behind  them  is  Thurlow.  In  front  of  the  throne 
(r.)  is  a  snorting  bull  (John  Bull)  ridden  by  an  Irishman  who  twists  its  tail 
and  goads  it  with  the  shaft  of  an  Irish  flag. 

An  attack  on  Pitt's  Irish  Resolutions,  represented  as  an  attack  on  the 
sovereignty  and  prosperity  of  England.   See  No.  6785,  &c. 
Sixsiin. 

6788  *****  [BURKE]  ON  THE  SUBLIME  &  BEAUTIFUL. 
JSf.   [Bayers.] 

Published  &^  April  lyS^  by  Th&  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons.  Burke  stands  on  the 
shoulders  of  two  seated  members:  his  r.  foot  is  on  the  1.  shoulder  of 
Powys,  his  1.  on  the  r.  shoulder  of  Sawbridge.  His  arms  are  crossed  on  his 

227 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

breast,  his  r.  arm  clutching  his  1.  shoulder;  from  his  mouth  float  three 
scrolls  inscribed,  Invective  against  ye  Minister,  Short  Observations  on  India 
Affairs  [a  long  scroll],  and  Tropes  on  the  Irish  Trade  Bill.  Powys  looks  up 
at  him  with  an  angry  expression;  he  holds  in  his  hand  a  thick  bundle  of 
papers  inscribed  Mem^  of  Important  Observation^  Obvious  Objections 
Perpetual  Motions  Doubts  Facts  Surmises  Queries  &c^  &c*.  Sawbridge 
looks  gloomily  away  from  Burke,  his  1.  leg  stretched  along  the  seat;  he 
holds  a  paper  inscribed  Mock  Motion  for  Reform  in  the  Representation  &c. 
Three  members  seated  behind  Burke  hide  their  heads  or  turn  aside  from 
his  spate  of  words.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Sublimi  feriam  Sidera  Vertice 

Hor, 

Burke  is  represented  as  the  chief  bore  of  the  House,  standing  on  two 
other  would-be  bores  (cf.  No.  6770).  Burke  published  his  very  lengthy 
speech  (on  28  Feb.)  on  Indian  affairs  *as  entering  more  into  the  detail  of 
the  subject'  than  the  other  speeches  in  the  debate.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  182- 
259.  He  denounced  Pitt's  'Offices  Reform  Bill'  on  8  Mar.  as  *a  direct  and 
violent  contradiction  to  Magna  Charta  and  the  common  law  of  the  land'. 
Ibid.,  p.  372.  He  spoke  extravagantly  but  shortly  on  the  Lancashire  peti- 
tion against  the  Irish  Resolutions  on  16  Mar.  Ibid.,  pp.  366-7  (see  No. 
6785,  &c.).  Sawbridge's  motion  for  shorter  parliaments  had  been  intro- 
duced in  May  1782,  May  1783,  March  and  June  1784,  and  was  again 
moved  on  3  May  1785.  Ibid.,  p.  514  f.  See  No.  7291,  &c. 
I2|x8|  in. 

6789  [NORTH  AND  FOX  ATTACK  THE  IRISH  RESOLUTIONS] 
JSf  [Bayers.] 

Published  12^^  April  lyS^  by  Tho^  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  No  title.  Pitt's  Propositions  for  freedom  of  commerce  between 
England  and  Ireland  are  supported  on  an  Irish  harp  which  rests  on  a 
rectangular  framework  above  a  fire  which  is  being  made  to  blaze  by  North 
and  Fox.  North  (1.),  on  hands  and  knees,  his  cheeks  inflated,  blows  at  the 
flames ;  Fox  (r.),  seated  on  a  bulky  roll  inscribed  Petition  from  the  Cotton 
Manufacture[rs]y  plies  a  pair  of  bellows.  The  fuel  of  the  fire  consists  of 
papers  inscribed  Rumour,  Evidence  at  the  Bar  (2),  Pamphlets,  Pleadings  at 
y"  Bar  (2),  Arguments.  The  flames  and  smoke  which  extend  above  their 
heads  are  inscribed  Distrust,  To  Scotland,  Discontent,  To  the  Chamber  of 
Commerce,  Objections,  Jealousy,  To  Manchester. 

A  good  representation  of  the  campaign  of  misrepresentation  which  was 
directed  against  Pitt's  Irish  Resolutions  in  England.  See  Rose,  Pitt  and 
National  Revival,  191 1,  chap.  xi;Parl.  Hist.  xxv.  409-14.  A  petition  from 
Lancashire  contained  80,000  signatures,  and  there  were  petitions  from 
most  manufacturing  and  commercial  towns,  notably  Glasgow,  Paisley,  and 
Bristol.  For  the  Propositions  see  No.  6785,  &c. 
71X915  in. 

6790  MORNING  PREPARATION.  [25  Apr.  1785^] 
[GiUray.] 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6791.   Fox,  North,  and  Burke  in  a 

*  Publication-line  apparently  cut  off. 

228 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

poverty-stricken  room:  North  (1.),  seated  in  a  low  arm-chair,  leans  back 
yawning,  arms  above  his  head,  legs  stretched  out.  On  the  wall  above  his 
head  hangs  a  broken  pair  of  bellows,  emblem  of  his  Borean  blast.  Burke, 
(r.),  very  thin,  seated  on  a  three-legged  stool,  is  mending  the  breeches  which 
he  has  taken  off.  Behind  his  head  is  a  spider  in  the  centre  of  a  cobweb. 
Between  and  behind  them  stands  Fox,  in  the  attitude  of  an  orator,  r.  arm 
raised,  rehearsing  a  speech  and  regarding  himself  in  a  cracked  mirror  (r.) 
which  reflects  his  anxious  and  gloomy  expression.  Above  his  head  a  dark 
lantern,  emblem  of  a  conspirator,  hangs  on  the  wall  (cf.  No.  6784,  &c.). 

A  satire  on  the  desperate  plight  of  the  Opposition,  cf.  Nos.  6671,  &c., 
6994,  8140. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  72. 
i2i^gX9iin. 

6790  A  Another  version,  differently  drawn  and  aquatinted,  and  with  a 
more  emphatic  line.   No  inscription. 

i2iX9|in. 

6791  EVENING  CONSOLATION. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Ap^  25^*  lyS^  by  W.  Humphrey  N"*  22y  Strand. 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6790.  Fox  in  the  foreground  (r.) 
leans  back  disconsolately  in  a  low  chair ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  an  empty  purse, 
in  the  1.  Pitts  Speech.  Beside  him  in  his  upturned  hat  are  a  dice-box  and 
dice.  On  the  1.  Burke,  stripped  to  the  waist,  kneels  before  his  three-legged 
stool  on  which  is  propped  an  open  book  inscribed  Reform ;  he  is  flagellating 
himself  with  a  birch-rod  held  in  his  r.  hand,  and  a  rosary  attached  to  a 
cross  in  his  1.  Behind,  as  if  seen  in  a  camera  obscura  or  through  a  window, 
North  is  embracing  a  young  woman  wearing  tattered  garments ;  above  their 
heads  is  the  view  of  an  avenue  inscribed  S^  James's  Park.  Cf.  Gillray's 
Crumbs  of  Comfort^  No.  6027. 
12^X9X6  in. 

6792  The  first  Sketch  for  the  CONCERTO  COALITIONALE  &  infernale 
Unpublished^ 

JSf  [Sayers.] 

Published  2^^  April  1785  by  Thomas  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  concert  by  the  leaders  of  the  Opposition.  Fox  (1.),  seated, 
plays  the  fiddle  with  gusto,  looking  towards  Lord  Surrey  (centre),  who 
plays  the  'cello,  turning  to  Fox.  Fox  stamps  on  a  torn  piece  of  music  under 
his  feet,  inscribed  God  save  [Gr]eat  G[eorge]  our  King.  On  Surrey's  1.  sits 
Lord  North,  blowing  with  a  scowl  the  bassoon ;  William  Eden  (r.)  stands 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  playing  with  a  satisfied  smile  the  Irish  harp.  Behind 
this  first  row  of  performers  are  Burke,  Lord  Derby,  and  Lord  Stormont : 
Burke  stands  (1.)  leaning  forward  and  blowing  the  trumpet,  his  r.  hand  on 
his  hip;  Derby,  full-face,  plays  the  oboe;  Lord  Stormont  (r.)  blows  the 
French  horn.  On  the  floor  (centre),  facing  the  players,  is  an  open  book  of 
music  inscribed  Ballanamonioro  (the  refrain  of  a  song  by  Captain  Morris, 
*  The  words  in  italics  have  been  added  to  the  title  in  faint  script. 

229 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

see  No.  6795).  Burke  and  North,  the  mouthpiece  of  the  latter's  bassoon 
representing  the  trunk  of  the  elephant,  recall  the  Burke  and  North  of 
Sayers's  Carlo  Khan,  see  No.  6276. 

The  Opposition  violently  opposed  Pitt's  Irish  Propositions,  exploiting 
the  clamour  against  them  both  in  England  and  Ireland,  see  No.  6785,  &c. 
For  the  final  form  of  the  design  see  No.  6795. 
io|Xi2j  in. 

6792  A  An  earlier  impression  without  the  words :  *The  first  Sketch  for* 
and  'Unpublished'. 

6793  THE  HOUSE  OF  FEASTING  IS  BECOME  A  HOUSE  OF 
MOURNING!!!! 

London  published  as  the  Act  directs  May  6'*  17 S 5 

Engraving.  Sam  House  (r.)  lies  dead,  dressed  in  a  shroud  and  extended 
on  a  butt  of  beer.  At  his  head  (1.)  kneels  Fox,  tears  streaming  down  his  face, 
holding  out  a  handkerchief  in  his  1.  hand.  The  scene  is  a  cellar  with  low 
windows  and  a  raftered  ceiling.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

See  poor  Sam  House  extended  on  his  Bier! 
Here  end  his  AiVs  while  Charley  brews  a  tear — . 

House,  the  Wardour  Street  publican,  died  on  23  Apr.  1785.  Just  before 
his  death  he  was  visited  by  Fox.   Life  and  Political  Opinions  of  the  late 
Sam  House  [c.  1785],  pp.  39-40.   He  kept  open  house  for  Fox  during  the 
Westminster  Election,  see  No.  5696,  &c.,  and  index. 
5i5X8|in. 

6794  THE  MAID  SERVANTS  ADDRESS  TO  MASTER  BILLY 
PITT. 

Published  23  May  1785  by  S.  Hooper  N^  212  High  Holborn^  &  Sold 
at  all  Print  &  Pamphlet  Shops  in  Town  &  Country. 

Engraving.  Pitt  stands  in  a  street,  attacked  from  all  sides  by  maid- 
servants. On  the  1.  a  fat  cook  attacks  him  with  a  spit,  another  woman  uses 
a  mop.  On  the  r.  a  young  woman  throws  at  him  the  contents  of  the  pan 
of  a  close-stool,  another  holds  up  a  broom.  Behind  Pitt  is  a  house  showing 
three  first-floor  windows,  two  of  which  are  blocked  up,  the  word  Com- 
mutation written  across  them.  From  the  third  a  woman  empties  a  chamber- 
pot on  Pitt's  head.  On  the  r.  is  a  shuttered  shop,  inscribed  Retail.  On  the 
door  is  written  Remo'ved  to  Dublin.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

On  Pretty  Maids  beware  Will  Pitt 
How  taxes  thou  dost  lay 
On  Pretty  Man  'twere  far  more  fit 
All  Folks  do  sing  or  say. 

The  Cooks  will  Roast  thee  all  alive 
The  House  Maids  well  will  Scour  thee 
The  Chamber  Maids  will  Jointly  strive 
With  Close  Stool  pan  to  Show'r  thee, 

230 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

You  sloped  the  Lights  that  God  did  give 
And  Drench' d  us  with  your  Tea^ 
Such  Commutation  whilst  we  live 
No  more  Ah!  may  we  see. 

On  Retail  Shops  be  no  Tax  laid 
They  do  the  Poor  Supply 
Nor  Give  to  Ireland  our  Trade^ 
This  is  the  Nations  Cry, 

A  comprehensive  attack  on  Pitt's  budgets  of  1784  and  1785  and  on  the 
Irish  Propositions,  see  No.  6785,  &c.  For  the  Window  (or  Commutation) 
Tax,  see  No.  6634,  &c.  For  the  proposed  tax  on  employers  of  maidservants 
(2^.  ()d.y  with  a  maximum  of  10s.)  see  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  562  flF.,  Wraxall, 
Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  122-4,  ^^^  cf.  the  attacks  on  Sir  Cecil  Wray  (No.  6475, 
&c.);  for  the  Shop  Tax  see  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  778  ff.  (23  May  1785);  Ann. 
Reg.y  1785-6,  p.  346.  On  14  June  there  was  a  riot  against  the  Shop  Tax: 
Pitt  was  mobbed  with  cries  of  *No  Shop  Tax,  no  Irish  Bill'.  Shops  were 
shuttered  and  decorated  with  hatchments,  crape,  and  inscriptions,  including 
'Removed  to  Ireland'.  London  Chronicle,  15  June  1785.  For  the  Maid- 
servant Tax  see  also  Nos.  6797,  6800,  6801,  6808,  6914,  6962,  7480.  For 
the  Shop  Tax  see  No.  6798,  &c.,  and  for  the  combination  of  propaganda 
against  the  Irish  Propositions  and  the  Shop  Tax  see  also  Nos.  6798,  6799. 
8ixiofin. 

6795  CONCERTO  COALITIONALE 

JSf 

Published  y''  y^^  June  1785  by  Thomas  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  more  elaborate  version  of  No.  6792.  Fox,  Surrey,  and 
North  are  drawn  as  in  No.  6792,  but  are  spaced  to  allow  of  additional 
figures.  Between  Fox  and  Surrey,  Powys,  the  second  violin,  is  seated  on 
the  ground,  looking  with  an  agonized  expression  (cf.  No.  6413)  towards 
Fox,  the  first  violin.  From  Fox's  pocket  hangs  a  paper :  Irish  Propositions 
set  to  music  for  the  White  Boys.  Burke  is  farther  to  the  1.,  blowing  his 
trumpet  with  a  deeper  scowl.  Lord  Derby  has  been  displaced  from  his 
central  position  for  Lord  Sandwich,  seated  in  an  arm-chair,  holding  a  roll 
inscribed  Catches  &  Glees  with  which  he  beats  time,  turning  to  the  r. 
where  Stormont  blows  the  French  horn  as  before.  Farther  to  the  r.  Lord 
Carlisle,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  plays  the  clarinet  (or  hautboys).  Derby,  stand- 
ing between  Burke  and  Sandwich,  plays  the  pipe  and  tabor.  Eden  plays 
the  Irish  harp  as  before  and  in  the  same  position,  but  at  his  feet  is  a  squall- 
ing cat,  watched  contemptuously  by  a  large  dog  whose  collar  is  inscribed 
watch.  Another  dog  howls  with  its  fore-paws  on  the  open  music-book 
inscribed  Ballanamonioro.  On  the  extreme  1.,  in  profil  perdu  to  the  1., 
Portland  is  seated  at  the  harpsichord;  his  music  is  also  [B]allanamonioro. 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  fox,  its  collar  inscribed  Fox,  standing  on  a  kettle- 
drum, its  cloth  decorated  with  the  Cavendish  arms  and  motto,  Cavendo 
tutus,  and  snarling  at  an  overturned  side-drum  decorated  with  the  royal 
arms ;  this  indicates  Fox's  attitude  to  the  Crown  and  the  support  given  to 
him  by  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire.  Other  books  of  music,  a  cittern,  &c., 
lie  in  the  foreground. 

231 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

On  a  chimney-piece,  behind  Portland,  is  a  bust,  laurel-wreathed  with 
a  blank  face,  inscribed  ovris;  against  it  lean  a  lyre  and  a  smiling  mask. 
Two  manuscripts  hang  down  from  the  chimney-piece:  Critique  on  the 
Rolliad  and  Probationary  Odes  for  the  Laureateship.  These  emblems 
signify  the  anonymity  of  the  two  famous  political  satires  which  went 
into  several  editions  in  1785  after  appearing  in  the  Morni?ig  Herald. 

On  the  back  wall,  above  the  heads  of  the  performers,  are  (1.  to  r.) 
marrow-bones  and  cleavers,  reminiscent  of  the  bands  of  butchers  who 
had  supported  Fox  in  the  Westminster  Election.  Next  is  a  framed  picture : 
Fox  beating  a  tambourine,  North  playing  a  clarinet  to  which  dance  per- 
forming dogs  and  a  hare.  In  the  centre  is  an  oval  bust  portrait  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  the  frame  inscribed  Auspicium  melioris  Mvi  (see  No.  6771). 
The  third  depicts  Fox  leading  a  performing  bear,  while  a  man,  resembling 
a  bearded  Jew,  plays  a  hurdy-gurdy.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  legal  wig  is  hung 
above  a  set  of  bagpipes ;  it  is  inscribed  New  Wig  [Whig]  with  the  letters 
C.P\  on  the  bag  are  the  letters  PC,  on  one  of  the  pipes  1745.  They  repre- 
sent Loughborough,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common  Pleas,  and  his  self- 
seeking  changes  of  party  (cf.  No.  5287). 

A  comprehensive  attack  on  the  Oppositian  and  their  attitude  to  Pitt's 
Irish  Propositions,  see  No.  6785,  &c.  The  orchestra  is  playing  Captain 
Morris's  song,  *The  Treaty  of  Commerce*,  a  clever  attack  on  the  Proposi- 
tions put  in  the  mouth  of  an  Irishman;  the  refrain  ends  'Ballinamona  Ora, 
The  Treaty  of  Commerce  for  me'.  For  the  Whiteboys  and  their  outrages 
in  Ireland  see  Lecky,  Hist,  of  England y  ii.  198,  250,  iv.  324  ff.,  vi.  408. 

A  later  state  of  No.  6795  A,  with  alterations  and  additions. 
iifXisfin. 

6795  a  CONCERTO  COALITIONALE 

JSf 

Published  28^^  May  lyS^  by  Thomas  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  An  unpublished^  state  of  No.  6795.  In  place  of  the  chinmey- 
piece  with  the  bust  of  Apollo,  &c.,  is  an  open  sash-window  through  which 
is  seen  a  Jew  (intended  for  Fox)  turning  the  handle  of  a  hurdy-gurdy 
strapped  to  his  back.  The  two  pictures  which  flank  the  portrait  of  the 
Prince  are  absent,  the  space  on  the  1.  being  partly  filled  by  a  violin  and  bow 
hanging  from  the  wall. 

6796  BORING  A  SECRET  OF  ST E  [STATE] 

JSf  8'^  June  1785  [not  published]^ 

Engraving.  The  trunk  of  a  tree  projects  horizontally  from  a  trestle  on 
which  it  rests.  Within  its  circumference  is  the  head  of  Lord  Sydney,  in 
profile  to  the  r.,  facing  the  point  of  an  auger  with  which  a  judge  (Lough- 
borough), whose  head  is  in  back-view,  is  boring  into  the  transverse  section 
of  the  log.  The  point  of  the  auger  is  the  smiling  head  of  Lord  Stormont, 
in  profile  facing  downwards,  the  top  of  his  wig  being  the  point  of  contact. 
Two  small  stumps  of  branches  are  inscribed  J*^  Proposi[tion]  and  2'^ 
Proposition.  After  the  title  is  etched,  a  hasty  Sketch  of  yesterday's  Business. 
A  comment  on  the  debate  in  the  Lords  of  7  June  on  the  Irish  Proposi- 

'  Note  by  Miss  Banks.  2  Note  on  print. 

232 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

tions  (see  No.  6785,  &c.):  Stormont  attacked  Sydney,  asking  him  to  inform 
the  committee  why  the  Government  had  abandoned  the  original  eleven 
Propositions  and  substituted  such  very  different  ones.  Loughborough 
supported  Stormont  who  had  been  answered  by  Thurlow.  Pari.  Hist. 
XXV.  821  ff.  Cf.  No.  7623,  where  Stormont  is  *a  boar  or  bore'.  Lough- 
borough is  generally  depicted  in  back-view,  wearing  an  elongated  judge's 
wig,  probably  to  indicate  his  political  character. 

Small  copy,  Wright,  Caricature  Hist,  of  the  Georges  [1863],  p.  407. 

5i6X9i6in. 

6797  BILLY  BUDGET  AND  HIS  PACK  HUNTING  DOWN  SHOP- 
KEEPERS AND  SERVANT-MAIDS. 

[W.  Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs^  by  J.  Nunn  Queen  Street^  June  18^^  lyS^ 

Engraving.  A  maidservant  and  a  shopkeeper  (1.)  are  being  chased  down- 
hill by  Thurlow  and  Pitt  and  their  pack  of  hounds.  A  signpost  with  two 
arms  on  the  extreme  1.  points  To  Prostitution  y  and  To  Poverty :  a  servant- 
maid  runs  in  the  former  direction,  a  shopkeeper  in  the  latter,  saying.  The 
Boy  knows  as  little  of  Trade  as  he  does  of  Maids  or  he  would  forbear  to  run 
us  down  with  Taxes;  his  wig  and  hat  fly  from  his  head,  and  he  is  closely 
followed  by  a  dog  with  the  head  and  wig  of  Arden,  Attorney-General, 
his  collar  inscribed  Pepper.  All  the  dogs  but  one  have  human  heads;  the 
exception  is  Junto ^  a  greyhound  sniffing  at  the  petticoats  of  the  woman. 
Behind  him  is  a  dog  with  two  heads,  the  collar  inscribed  Joint  T^  Curs; 
one  takes  in  his  teeth  a  mop  which  the  woman  trails  behind  her.  They  are 
George  Rose  and  Thomas  Steele,  the  Treasury  Secretaries.  The  four 
other  dogs  are  inscribed  Chicken  (Michael  Angelo  Taylor,  see  No.  6777), 
White  Beary  Limbs ^  and  Jowler.  The  second  is  Lord  Sydney  (who  is  grinning 
delightedly),  the  third  Carmarthen ;  the  fourth,  in  legal  wig  and  gown,  is 
Kenyon,  saying,  We^ll  be  no  longer  Teased  and  Tormented.  Behind  Pepper 
Arden,  Thurlow,  in  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  rides  on  the  back  of 
the  Devil,  one  of  whose  horns  he  holds ;  in  his  r.  hand  he  brandishes  a 
document  inscribed  Aristocracy ;  he  says : 

Away  with  Medium  between  Rich  and  Poor^ 
By  G — d  we'll  ancient  Vassalage  restore 

Behind  him  and  on  the  extreme  r.  Pitt  rides  Britannia,  who  advances, 
her  hands  and  feet  on  the  ground,  saying : 

Thus  the  stubborn  Youth  goads  me  to  the  Heart 
Himself  y  as  yety  unconscious  of  the  smart. 

Her  shield  is  on  the  ground ;  Pitt  holds  her  by  the  hair  and  goads  her  with 
her  own  spear. 

For  the  tax  on  maidservants  see  No.  6794,  &c.   For  the  Shop  Tax  see 
No.  6798,  &c. 
8i^gXi3|in. 

6798  THE  FUNERAL  OF  TRADE,  WHO  DIED  OF  A  MORTAL 
STAB  RECEIV'D  ON  THE  13TH  OF  JUNE  1785.  [c.  June  1785] 

[?  Collings.] 

Engraving.  A  scene  near  one  of  the  City  quays :  empty  warehouses  on  the 
r. ;  dismantled  ships  in  the  background  (1.)  with  brooms  at  their  mastheads 

233 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

showing  that  they  are  for  sale.  Two  men  wearing  aldermen's  gowns  carry 
on  their  shoulders  the  coffin  of  Trade  which  is  covered  by  a  tattered  pall 
on  which  are  the  Royal  Arms.  The  foremost  (r.)  resembles  Sawbridge, 
who  on  23  May  attacked  Pitt  bitterly  for  the  Shop  Tax;  the  other,  a  fat 
man  covering  his  face  with  a  handkerchief,  is  probably  Watkin  Lewes,  a 
Pittite  who  also  spok  against  the  tax,  both  being  M.P.s  for  the  City. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  781,  787. 

In  the  foreground  (1.)  Britannia  kneels  at  a  fire  which  she  blows  with 
bellows,  saying  Alas!  The  fire  is  under  a  pot  supported  on  three  sticks; 
in  it  a  shuttle  and  an  implement  for  carding  wool  are  burning.  A  broken 
spinning-wheel,  her  shield,  and  broken  spear  lie  beside  her.  Behind  is 
Hiberniay  a  meretricious-looking  woman  holding  the  Irish  harp  and  flourish- 
ing a  whip ;  she  drives  before  her  the  dejected  British  lion ;  he  is  laden 
with  bales  of  commerce  and  says  /  did  not  think  it  would  come  to  this.  The 
coffin  of  Trade  is  being  carried  towards  a  deep  pit  (r.)  in  the  foreground, 
beside  which  stands  a  devil  with  the  head  of  Pitt,  holding  a  pitch-fork  and 
saying  to  them.  Bring  all  your  Riches  to  my  great  Pitt.  He  is  inscribed  Pius 
the  VII.  A  tattered  flag  hangs  from  the  empty  warehouses,  which  are 
inscribed  Gone  to  Ireland  (reversed).  In  the  background,  near  the  ships, 
is  the  shell  of  a  ruined  building,  perhaps  the  Customs  House. 

On  13  June  the  Shop  Tax  received  the  royal  assent.  Attacks  on  the  tax 
are  combined  with  the  campaign  against  the  Irish  Propositions  as  in  No. 
6794,  &c.,  it  being  the  tenor  of  the  petitions,  &c.,  that  English  trade  and 
industries  would  be  ruined  by  Irish  competition.  See  No.  6785,  &c. 
There  was  strong  opposition  to  the  tax  in  London  and  Westminster,  and 
motions  for  its  repeal  were  moved  by  Fox  in  1786  (when  it  was  reduced, 
see  No.  6936),  1787,  1788,  and  in  1789,  when  Pitt  agreed  to  its  repeal. 
The  tax  was  from  dd.  to  2s.  in  the  pound  of  the  rent  (incorrectly  given  in 
the  Ann.  Reg.,  1^84-3,  p.  346,  as  is.  to  2^.),  Dowell,  Hist,  of  Taxation,  1888, 
iii.  10-13.  ^B'or  its  incidence  cf.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  1164  flP.,  xxvii.  1338  ff^.  It 
was  one  of  the  chief  electioneering  cries  of  the  Westminster  Election  of 
1788,  cf.  No.  7339.  See  also  Nos.  6794,  6797,  6799,  6800,  6801,  6807,  6808, 
6813,  6814,  6914,  6936,  6940,  6962,  7132,  7136,  7158,  7305,  7386,  7480, 
7481,  7625,  7633. 
9  X  14  in. 

6799  PADDY  O  PITTS  TRIUMPHAL  EXIT!! 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  June  20  1785  by  SyW,  Fores  A^"  3  Picadilly 

Engraving.  A  mob  of  shopkeepers  (1.)  attacks  Pitt,  who  rides  (1.  to  r.)  a 
snorting  bull  (John  Bull).  He  is  seated  facing  the  animal's  tail,  which  he 
holds  in  his  1.  hand,  his  raised  r.  arm  flourishing  a  loop  of  rope.  At  his 
back  is  his  Irish  Bill.  A  signpost  (r.)  points  To  Dublin.  Under  the  bull's 
hind  legs  are  West^  Petet[ion]y  Manche[ster]  Petetion,  and  London  Petetion. 
The  snorting  bull  gallops  from  the  mob  which  advances  in  close  order  from 
the  1. ;  the  men  shout  with  faces  of  fury  and  hurl  missiles.  One  brandishes 
a  cat  by  the  tail,  saying :  For  his  taxing  of  Shops  III  dowse  this  in  his  Chops. 
A  butcher  holding  a  cleaver  says:   M^  Pitt  M'  Pitt   Yourself  you'll 

Be /.   They  have  two  banners :  No  Shop  Tax  and  No  Tax  on  Maids, 

and  a  cap  of  Liberty  on  a  pole.  In  the  background  are  shuttered  shops 
inscribed  Those  Shops  to  Lett  enquire  of  M'  Pitt ;  in  front  of  them  on  the 
pavement  stand  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  arm-in-arm  (cf.  No.  6041, 
&c.),  grinning  at  the  riot. 

234 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

On  14  June  there  was  a  riot  in  Westminster.  Pitt  was  hooted  as  he  left 
the  House  of  Commons ;  he  was  burnt  in  effigy  at  night,  see  No.  6798,  &c. 
There  were  64  petitions  against  the  Irish  Propositions.  Rose,  Pitt  and 
National  Revival,  p.  257.  See  No.  6785,  &c.  For  combined  propaganda 
against  the  Shop  Tax  and  the  Propositions  see  No.  6794,  &c. 
Sj^gXisJin. 

6800  THE  SPIRIT  OF  THE  LATE  EARL  OF  C— T— M  TO  HIS 
SON  BILLY. 

Published  as  the  Act  Directs,  June  21'*  lyS^  by  T,  Woodman  & 
H  MutlozUy  Russel  Court,  Covent  Garden, 

Engraving.  Pitt  (1.),  seated  at  a  table,  shrinks  back  in  horror  at  the  ghost 
of  Chatham.  Chatham  appears  (r.)  from  among  clouds,  emitting  rays 
which  reach  across  the  room ;  his  r.  hand  is  raised  admonishingly,  in  his  1. 
is  a  birch-rod.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  : 

Spirit.  What  art  thou  doing  degenerate  Boy  ? 

Billy.  Take  any  shape  but  that,  and  my  firm  nerves  shall  never  tremble 

Pitt's  pen  drops  from  his  hand,  his  hair  rises  on  his  head ;  on  his  writing- 
table  (r.)  are  documents:  Tax  on  Women  Servants;  on  Windows,  and  Tax 
on  Retail  Shops.  Under  the  table  is  a  bag  inscribed  The  Budget,  from  which 
emerges  a  paper.  Tax  on  Gloves.  Under  Pitt's  feet  are  Manchester  Petition, 
Birmingham  Petition  (cf.  No.  6799),  and  Irish  Propositions.  Beside  them  is 
a  bundle  of  papers  inscribed  An  Account  of  y^  Rents  of  Houses  with  more 
effectual  means  of  oppressing  the  people.  Behind  Pitt's  chair  (1.)  is  a  box 
inscribed  Money  for  those  who  vote  as  I  please. 

The  Glove  Tax  was  from  id.  to  3^.  a  pair  according  to  the  cost,  see 
No.  6801.  For  the  other  taxes  see  Nos.  6794,  &c.  (servants),  6634,  &c. 
(windows),  6798,  &c.  (shops),  and  for  the  Irish  Propositions  No.  6785,  &c. 
7fx6iin. 

6801  THE  EXTRAORDINARY  AND  FACETIOUS  HISTORY  OF 
THE  IMMACULATE  BOY,  .  .  . 

Published  as  the  Act  Directs,  July  r^  lyS^  by  J.  Marshall  N"*  g6 
Greenchurch  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  Illustration  to  verses 
(a  parody  of  John  Gilpin)  printed  in  five  columns  beneath  the  plate.  Pitt, 
with  arms  outstretched,  staggers  back  against  a  fir-tree  as  a  farmer  (1.) 
fires  point-blank  from  the  door  of  his  house.  From  the  bag  which  falls 
from  his  broken  belt  documents,  inscribed  Hawkers  &  Pedlars  (Tedlars' 
scored  through),  Gloves,  fall  to  the  ground.  Two  cats  (1.)  worry  a  paper 
inscribed  Tax  on  Retail  Shops.  A  goose  (r.)  runs  off  with  Tax  on  Maids ; 
three  dogs  scamper  off,  the  foremost  (r.)  holding  Irish  Propositions  in  his 
mouth.  Two  women  look  down  from  a  casement  window.  In  the  back- 
ground (r.)  is  Pitt's  carriage.  The  title  continues :  Who,  John  Gilpin  like, 
ran  a  greater  Risk  than  he  intended,  and  came  home  safe  at  last. 
The  verses  describe  the  adventure  alluded  to  in  The  Rolliad: 

How,  as  he  wander'd  darkling  o'er  the  plain, 
His  reason  drown'd  in  Jenkinson^s  champagne, 
A  rustic's  hand,  but  righteous  fate  withstood, 
Had  shed  a  Premier's  for  a  robber's  blood. 

235 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Pitt  and  Wilberforce  are  described  as  dining  with  *Daddy  J n*  to 

concert  a  plan, 

"To  crush  the  Poor,  and  save  the  Rich, 
"For  which  he  is  the  Man". 

On  their  return  they  lose  their  way,  inquire  of  a  farmer,  who  refuses  to 
believe  that  Pitt  is  'Chatham's  son*,  and  fires  at  them;  the  bullet  breaks  the 
belt  round  Pitt's  waist,  his  Irish  Propositions  and  Taxes  fall  to  the  ground, 
and  he  is  only  saved  from  falling  by  a  'foreign  fir'.  The  theme  is  that  of 
secret  influence  and  of  evil  intentions  behind  the  Irish  Propositions  and 
the  taxes.  Pitt  says  to  Jenkinson : 

"To  secret  influence  I  owe 

"The  power  I  possess: 
"  'Twas  you  that  shew'd  me  the  Back-Stairs, 

"And  duty  I  profess. 

The  'foreign  fir'  appears  to  indicate  Scottish  influence : 

"My  Parent  B [Bute]  whose  Scottish  mind, 

"No  injury  ere  forgave, 
"Asserted  once,  and  kept  his  word, 

"That  London  he'd  enslave. 

(an  allusion  to  the  Shop  Tax). 

For  the  incident  when  Pitt  was  mistaken  for  a  robber  and  fired  at,  see 
Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  iii.  220  and  n. ;  the  verses  support  the  contention 
of  the  Quarterly  reviewer  (xiii.  211).  It  was  the  subject  of  a  song  by 
Captain  Morris,  Billy  Pitt  and  the  Farmer.  For  the  Shop  Tax  see  No. 
6798,  &c. ;  for  the  Glove  Tax,  Nos.  6800,  6962,  7305 ;  for  the  tax  on  maid- 
servants, No.  6794,  &c.;  for  the  Irish  Propositions,  No.  6785,  &c.  For 
Pitt  and  secret  influence  see  No.  6417,  &c. 

An  imitation  of  the  illustrated  broadsides  of  John  Gilpin,  see  No. 
6886,  &c. 
7i®6X9i6  ii^-  Broadside,  I7ix  io||  in. 

6802  [LORD  SACKVILLE  ATTACKING  THE  IRISH  PROPOSI- 
TIONS.] 

JSf,   [Sayers.] 

Puhl^  by  Th(f  Cornell  2 2"^  July  lyS^ 

Engraving.  Lord  Sackville  advances  in  profile  to  the  1.,  declaiming,  1.  knee 
raised  as  if  climbing  a  citadel,  1.  hand  on  his  breast,  holding  up  in  his 
r.  hand  a  cylindrical  roll  resembling  a  document,  but  inscribed  Telum 
imbelky  symbolizing  his  unsoldierly  conduct  at  Minden.  His  feet  are  cut 
off^  by  the  lower  margin.  Behind  and  below  him  (r.)  are  the  grinning  heads 
of  Lord  Stormont  and  Lord  Derby,  saying  Hear  Hear  Hear.  Sackville 
faces  a  flag  inscribed  Irish  [Propositions ^  above  which  is  a  dove  with  an 
olive-branch,  symbolizing  the  reconciliation  between  the  Opposition  and 
Sackville,  who  is  supposed  to  be  acting  under  their  orders.  Below  the 
design  is  etched : 

Head  Quarters  Brookes' s^  18^^  July  1785 
You  are  to  attack  the  Enemy's  Propositions  at  six  o'Clock  this  evening  [Fox] 

236 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

To  [Sackville] 

The  signature  and  address  are  represented  by  strokes  of  erasure,  see 
No.  6802  A. 

Beneath  the  plate  is  written  in  an  old  hand  ( ?  Sayers')  : 

When  France  our  Arms  at  Minden  tried 
Gainst  France  opposd  on  Mindens  plain^ 
When  [erased]  And  Brunswick  gave  the  Word 
Bid  Sackville  bring  his  pow'r  he  cried 
The  Noble  Lord  demurr'd 
Pitt's  propositions  now  the  foe 
He  boldly  mounts  the  Breach 
Obeys  Command  &  aims  a  Blow 
With  all  his  pow'r, — of  Speech. 

On  18  July  Lord  Sackville  created  a  sensation  by  reappearing  in  the 
Lords  to  oppose  the  Irish  Propositions.  He  had  virtually  retired  from 
politics  on  his  dismissal  on  the  eve  of  North's  fall  in  1782,  but  had  sup- 
ported Pitt  against  the  Coalition.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  157-62, 
where  this  print  is  described ;  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  873-6.  For  the  Propositions 
see  No.  6785,  &c.  For  attacks  on  Sackville  for  Minden,  cf.  Nos.  3680, 
5961,  &c. 
6x5!  in. 

6802  A  Another  version,  with  the  same  imprint,  closely  resembling  No. 
6802,  but  on  a  larger  plate.  Under  the  marks  of  erasure  Fox  is  just  legible 
as  signature,  Sackville  in  the  address.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Opposed  to  France  on  Minden' s  Plain 
When  Brunswick  gave  the  Wordy 
** Bring  all  your  Power  my  L**d  G*******"  [Germaine] 
The  noble  Lord  demurred; 
PitVs  Propositions  now  the  Foe 
He  boldly  mounts  the  Breach 
Obeys  Command  and  strikes  his  blow 
With  all  his  Power  .  .  .  of  Speech 

6iX5iin. 

6803  STOCK  EXCHANGE 

EHP  Eliz^  Hen*''  Phelps,  pinx^  W^  Phelps  Ini^  F  Jukes  Sculps 
London,  Published  as  the  Act  Directs,  by  W""  Phelps,  July  i.  1785. 

Aquatint.  The  title  is  engraved  on  the  facade  of  a  one-storied,  flat-roofed 
building,  decorated  with  pilasters.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved:  An 
Historical,  Emblematical,  Patriotical,  and  Political  Print,  representing  the 
English  Balloon,  or  National  Debt  in  the  year  iy82,  with  a  full  View  of  the 
Stock  Exchange,  and  its  supporters  the  Financiers  Bulls,  Bears,  Brokers, 
Lame  Ducks,  and  others,  and  a  proportionate  Ball  of  Gold,  the  specific  size 
of  all  the  Money  we  have  to  pay  it  with  supposing  that  to  be  Twenty  Millions 
of  Pounds  sterling,  the  Gold  and  Silver  Trees  entwined  with  Serpents,  & 
upheld  by  Dragons,  for  the  pleasure  of  Pluto  &  all  his  Bosom  Friends, 
'  This  line  is  erased,  the  first  line  having  been  written  above  it. 

237 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

On  the  roof  of  the  building  a  large  globe  (the  debt)  is  supported  on  the 
shoulders  of  two  bears  and  two  bulls,  all  with  human  heads,  representing 
the  bulls  and  bears  of  the  Stock  Exchange.  A  much  smaller  globe  within 
it  represents  the  £20,000,000.  The  globes  are  framed  in  a  twisted  pillar, 
rising  from  each  corner  of  the  roof  and  turning  to  form  an  arch  over  the 
globe.  The  pillar  is  covered  with  conventional  foliage  and  flowers  and 
entwined  with  two  serpents  with  women *s  heads;  above  these  are  two 
winged  dragons  with  men's  heads  wearing  crowns ;  these  dart  out  barbed 
tongues  and  look  up  at  a  winged  man  wearing  Roman  armour  and  holding  a 
key  who  stands  on  the  globe.  In  the  clouds  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the 
print  is  forked  lightning.  Beneath  it  is  a  small  winged  figure  of  Fame 
blowing  a  trumpet  and  holding  an  olive-branch.  In  the  distance,  behind 
the  Stock  Exchange  building,  and  seen  above  its  roof,  is  a  landscape  with 
a  poverty-stricken  woman  with  two  children  (r.),  and  a  ruinous  building  (1.). 

This  emblematical  design  is  inset  in  a  realistic  street-scene  with  houses. 
On  the  pavement,  in  front  of  the  Stock  Exchange  and  of  an  adjacent 
stationer's  shop  (r.),  well-dressed  citizens  are  walking  or  standing  in  con- 
versation. Three  have  webbed  feet,  showing  that  they  are  *lame  ducks', 
see  Nos.  5835,  6273;  they  walk  off  to  the  1. 

A  satire  on  the  large  national  debt  and  on  stock-jobbing.   The  stock- 
brokers met  at  New  Jonathan's  Coffee  House  in  Change  Alley,  re-named 
Stock  Exchange  in  1773  when  the  name  was  written  over  the  door.  A  new 
building  was  opened  in  1802.  Wheatley,  London. 
i8j^gXi4i  in. 

6804  AHITOPHEL  IN  THE  DUMPS. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥July  3&^  iy85.  by  W  Humphrey.  Strand 

A  reissue  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions)  of  No.  6015  (1782)  with 
an  altered  publication-line.   Cf.  No.  6774. 

6805  A  WHISPER  ACROSS  THE  CHANNEL 
JSf  [Bayers.] 

Pu¥  r^  August  1785  by  Thcf  Cornel  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  Fox  (1.)  standing  on  English  soil,  and  Hervey,  Bishop  of  Deny 
(r.),  standing  on  land  representing  Ireland,  embrace  across  a  narrow  piece 
of  water  inscribed  S^  George's  Channel.  The  bishop  resembles,  and  is 
probably  copied  from,  the  figure  in  No.  6654,  &c.  His  r.  hand  holds  up 
a  burning  brand,  his  1.  is  on  Fox's  shoulder.  Fox's  profile  is  hidden  behind 
that  of  the  bishop ;  in  his  outstretched  1.  hand  is  a  burning  brand  held 
horizontally  above  burning  buildings  which  are  sketched  on  the  r.  of  the 
design  (in  Ireland).  Behind  Fox  is  a  building  resembling  St.  Paul's,  above 
which  are  heavy  clouds.   In  the  channel  are  ships. 

Fox,  having  denounced  the  original  Irish  Propositions  as  ruinous  to 
British  trade,  attacked  the  altered  and  additional  Propositions  framed 
to  meet  the  British  objections,  as  damaging  to  Ireland's  prosperity,  an 
infringement  of  her  legislative  independence,  and  therefore  fatal  to  her 
liberty.  See  the  lengthy  debate  of  12  May,  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  575-778;  Fox 
said  (p.  778),  *I  will  not  barter  English  commerce  for  Irish  slavery.'  Such 
speeches  set  Ireland  aflame;  the  altered  Propositions,  passed  in  England 

238 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

(18  July),  roused  such  violent  clamour  in  Ireland  that  they  were  dropped. 
Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^  191 1,  pp-  260-6;  Memoirs  of  Grattan^ 
1 84 1,  iii.  238  if.  For  the  Propositions  in  their  original  and  final  forms  see 
ibid.,  pp.  489  ff.  For  Fox  and  Ireland  see  No.  6659,  &c.;  for  the  Proposi- 
tions No.  6785,  &c. 
8ix6iiin. 

6806  THE  CRITICAL  MOMENT  OR  THE  LAST  EFFORT  TO 
SAVE  A  SINKING  BARK  [?  1785] 

s  d 
Plain  6id  Colour'' d  1:1 

Engraving.  Apparently  an  Irish  print.  ^  Two  ships,  the  Britannia  (1.) 
and  the  Hibernia  (r.),  lie  side  by  side,  their  sterns  towards  the  spectator. 
Tattered  sails  blow  from  the  Hibernians  broken  masts.  On  the  flag  in  her 
stern  is  an  Irish  harp  and  the  words  Bound  for  Commerce.  On  board,  a 
starving  and  ragged  weaver  dangles  a  shuttle,  saying.  Their  Cruel  Restric- 
tion has  caused  my  Affliction ;  a  spinning-wheel  with  a  broken  thread  stands 
near  him.  Beside  him  (r.)  is  an  alert  Irish  Volunteer  holding  a  musket  and 
saying,  Wee  are  Determined  to  be  Redressed.  In  the  centre  of  the  ship  another 
volunteer,  holding  a  bayoneted  musket,  says,  Nish  na  Gaugh  Braugh  (cf. 
No.  5572).  Pitt  stands  (1.)  in  the  stern  of  the  Britannia^  saying,  /  dread  the 
Storm  the  Padys  are  Resolute.  Next  him  is  a  Scot  in  tartan  (probably 
Dundas,  perhaps  Bute),  saying,  Dinna  mind  'em  lads  the  K-  -gis  oor friend; 
through  a  window  below  is  seen  the  head  of  the  king.  Three  men  on  the 
deck  look  towards  the  Hibemiay  pushing  her  off  with  poles :  one  says  Wee 
of  Bristol  will  ever  Oppose  you^  another  Manchester  Lads  will  Back  you ;  the 
third  Sheffield  also.  The  poles  keep  the  shutters  over  the  port-holes  of  the 
Hibernia  closed.  From  a  port-hole  of  the  Britannia  (I.)  protrude  cylindrical 
rolls  inscribed  Woollen  Cloth  and  &c  &c.  Between  the  two  vessels  is  a 
small  ship's  boat  in  which  are  three  men.  One,  dressed  as  an  Irish  Volunteer, 
endeavours  to  raise  the  shutters  of  the  port-hole  which  the  pole  of  the 
Bristol  man  keeps  shut ;  he  says.  Open  Ports  and  Free  Trade^  or  (cf.  No. 
5572).  The  second  man,  folding  his  arms,  looks  towards  the  Britannia^ 
saying.  Now  isy'  Time  Boys  All  or  none  wee  will  be  Free — .  The  Britannia's 
flag  is  a  Union  Jack,  inscribed  The  Emblem. 

An  attack  on  the  Irish  Propositions  (to  give  Ireland  trading  advantages), 
see  No.  6785,  &c.,  which  confuses  the  points  at  issue.  The  starving  weaver 
would  be  more  appropriate  in  a  print  on  the  Irish  demand  for  protection 
in  1784,  cf.  No.  6647.  The  demand  for  open  ports  and  free  trade  appears 
reminiscent  of  1779,  cf.  No.  5572.  Woodfall  wrote  from  Dublin,  16  Aug., 
of  the  illuminations  and  ecstasy  at  the  defeat  of  the  Propositions,  'though, 
God  knows,  the  people,  both  within  doors  and  without,  seem  to  be  as  yet 
pretty  much  in  the  dark  as  to  the  real  import  and  bearing  of  the  business 
which  they  have  so  hastily  disposed  of*.  Auckland  Correspondence ^ 
1861,  i.  83. 
7JXiiJin. 

6807  THE  CONTRAST,  OR  1784  AND  1785  COMPARED. 

[i  Aug.  1785] 
Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  A  design  in  two  compartments, 
the  1.  inscribed  1785,  the  r.,  1784.  On  the  1.  is  a  street  scene;  Pitt  is  being 

*  No.  5488  (1778),  an  Irish  print,  also  cost  b^d. 

239 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

mobbed.  A  glazier  attacks  him  from  the  1.,  a  butcher  (r.)  standing  in  front 
of  his  shop  is  about  to  smite  him  with  a  leg  of  mutton.  From  a  first-floor 
balcony  a  servant-maid  urinates  upon  him  and  threatens  him  with  a  mop. 
She  is  being  egged  on  by  Fox  who  stands  beside  her. 

On  the  r.  is  a  city  feast ;  Pitt  stands  at  the  table  making  a  speech,  citizens 
listen  attentively. 

Pitt's  unpopularity  in  the  City  owing  to  the  Shop  Tax  is  contrasted 
with  his  popularity  in  1784,  notably  when  he  was  entertained  by  the 
Grocers'  Company,  see  No.  6442,  &c.  Pitt  was  actually  hooted  and  burnt 
in  effigy  on  15  June  on  account  of  the  tax.  London  Chronicle ^  16  June  1785. 
For  the  tax  see  No.  6798,  &c.  For  Pitt  and  the  City  cf.  No.  6813. 
3|x6in. 

6808  THE  ANTI-PATRIOT:  A  SATYRICAL  POEM. 

Printed  as  the  Act  directs  for  the  Author y  and  sold  by  E.  Rich,  Book- 
seller y  No.  S^y  Fleet-Streety  August  lOy  1785,  Price  Six-pence. 
Engraving.   Heading  to  verses  printed  in  three  columns.   Pitt  stands  full- 
face,  extending  his  arms  towards  Dundas  (1.)  and  George  HI  (r.).   Two 
labels  issue  from  his  mouth : 

Alas!  my  Dundas 
You^ve  made  me  an  Ass. 
And, 

O  George  Fve  hurt  your  Reputation 
And  lost  my  own  throughout  the  Nation. 

The  verses  attack  Pitt  for  the  Shop  Tax  and  the  tax  on  maidservants. 
The  shopkeepers,  *a  discontented  race',  are  advised: 

With-hold  your  slanders,  lest  they  tax  your  tongues. 
Let  Pitty  FoXy  ThurloWy  Burke  have  sov 'reign  sway, 
Inferior  souls  were  only  born  to  obey. 

The  closed  shops  are  mentioned: 

While  some  did  write,  to  shew  their  wicked  wit, 
These  shops  to  letty  enquire  of  M'  Pitt! 

But  that's  not  all  the  wretches  have  to  rue, 

For  see  in  effigy  expos 'd  to  view — 

Great  Chatham's  son,  all  clad  in  sable  hue! 

For  the  Shop  Tax  see  No.  6798,  &c. ;  for  the  tax  on  maids,  No.  6794,  &c. 
3I X  5^  in.   Broadside,  14J  X  9 J  in. 

6809  THE  JUSTLY  ADMIRED  SPEECH  OF  THE  ATTORNEY- 
GENERAL  OF  IRELAND,  DELIVERED  IN  THE  HOUSE  OF 
COMMONS,  ON  MONDAY,  AUGUST  15,  1785. 

London:  Printed  for  J.  WalliSy  No.  16  Lugate  Street  y  August  25, 1785, 

Engraving.  Heading  to  Fitzgibbon's  speech,  printed  in  three  columns. 
John  Fitzgibbon  (1.),  in  legal  wig  and  gown,  stands  resting  his  r.  hand  on 
a  table  on  which  are  documents.  His  r.  hand,  holding  a  roll  inscribed 
PropositionSy  points  at  Grattan,  who  is  about  to  leave  the  room  (which  has 

240 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

no  resemblance  to  the  Irish  House  of  Commons)  by  a  door  on  the  r. 
Between  Fitzgibbon  and  Grattan,  Flood  lies  on  his  back,  saying,  /  can 
stand  no  longer.  Grattan,  holding  a  paper  inscribed  30yOOo£y  says,  Alas 
poor  Floody  I  see  you're  down,  so  I'll  e'en  take  my  self  off ,  with  what  I've  got. 
On  15  Aug.  Orde  presented  the  Bill  for  the  Irish  Propositions  in  the 
Irish  House  of  Commons,  but  abandoned  it  since  its  fate  had  been  sealed 
in  the  debate  of  12  Aug.  It  was,  however,  violently  attacked  by  Flood  and 
Grattan  and  defended  by  Fitzgibbon ;  the  theme  of  the  speech  was  that 
the  Bill  was  highly  advantageous  to  Ireland  and  that  'if  Ireland  seeks  to 
quarrel  with  England  she  is  a  besotted  nation'.  The  debate  was  memorable 
as  the  first  time  Flood  and  Grattan  had  spoken  together  since  their 
notorious  altercation  in  1783  (see  No.  6272),  Auckland  Journal  and  Corre- 
spondence, i.  82.  Grattan 's  ^30,000^  is  intended  for  the  ,£50,000  voted  to 
him  by  the  Irish  Parliament  in  1782,  see  No.  6003.  For  the  Irish  Proposi- 
tions see  No.  6785,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  6810. 
4iX7i|in.  Broadside,  1 6|X9f  in. 

6810  FOX  IN  THE  BLOCK-SHOP,  OR  THE  HEADS  OF  THE 
PROPOSITIONS  REJECTED. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Moorey  Bond  Street.  Aug^  30^^  ^7^5- 

Engraving.  A  number  of  barber's  blocks  (for  wigs)  with  human  faces  lie 
on  the  floor,  where  they  are  being  overturned  by  a  fox  (Fox),  who  pushes 
over  with  his  paw  one  of  Pitt,  inscribed  Af  P.  He  says,  Heavens!  what  a 
pretty  little  Figure!  what  a  pity  that  it  should  want  Brains.  Behind  him  (r.) 
is  a  counter  on  which  stand  two  blocks,  one,  Thurlow,  inscribed  Wool- 
sack, being  the  largest  of  all.  Facing  him  is  a  man  wearing  a  legal  wig 
inscribed  Teased;  he  resembles  Camden  (supposed  to  have  been  induced 
to  support  Pitt  by  his  son).  Two  blocks  hang  on  a  string  from  a  nail,  back 
to  back  in  profile.  The  r..  Chicken,  is  Michael  Angelo  Taylor  (see  No. 
6777),  the  other  is  inscribed  Hawk  ( ?  Lord  Hawke).  The  other  blocks  lie 
on  the  floor,  overturned;  they  represent  the  leading  Ministerialists  but 
many  cannot  be  identified  with  certainty.   Next  Pitt  is  Dundas,  inscribed 

M'  D.   The  others  (1.  to  r.)  are  L^  M n.  (Mahon);  L<^  W;  M.  of  G. 

(Marquis  of  Graham) ;  L'^  M  (Mulgrave) ;  M  of  C  (Marquis  of  Carmarthen, 
his  head  entirely  hidden) ;  D  of  R  (Duke  of  Richmond) ;  Af  iS  ( ?  Robert 
Smith,  afterwards  Lord  Carrington,  M.P.  for  Nottingham,  cf.  Wraxall 
Memoirs,  1884,  iii-  399  ^•^)  5  ^^  ^-  (head  hidden,  ?  Lord  Galloway) ;  SirL.  K. 
(Lloyd  Kenyon,  Master  of  the  Rolls) ;  M^  R.  (head  hidden,  ?  George 
Rose^) ;  A.G  (Pepper  Arden,  the  Attorney-General) ;  L^  S.  (Lord  Sydney) ; 
L'^  H  (Lord  Hood);  S.G.  (face  concealed,  Archibald  Macdonald,  the 
Solicitor-General).  In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  door  over  which  is  a  placard, 
Master  Jenky,  Block  provider  to  his  M y  NB  Wanted  a  fresh  assort- 
ment of  Blocks  for  immediate  use. 

A  satire  on  the  Ministry,  alleged  to  be  puppets  of  Jenkinson,  the  tool  of 
the  Crown,  cf.  No.  6417,  &c.  Camden  and  Thurlow  (cf.  No.  6644)  appear 
to  escape  overthrow  by  Fox.  For  the  'Propositions  rejected'  see  No.  6809. 
8i%Xi2jin. 

^  The  first  figure  might  conceivably  be  5.  ^  Or  Steele,  Rose's  colleague. 

3  Dudley  Ryder  or  Rolle  would  also  be  possible,  but  the  concealed  head  suggests 
the  secret  influence  of  the  Treasury, 

241  R 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6811  FLORIZEL  READING  MRS  ERRINGTON'S  TRIAL. 

I  Sept.  1785. 

Engraving.  PL  to  the  Rambler's  Magazine^  iii.  300.  Engraving.  The 
Prince  of  Wales,  seated  on  a  settee,  reads  a  book,  his  arm  round  the 
shoulders  of  a  courtesan.  Two  other  courtesans,  each  with  a  man  (one 
being  Fox)  appear  to  be  listening  to  them.  A  wine-bottle  and  glasses  are 
on  a  small  table.  On  the  wall  is  a  bust  portrait  of  George  III.  This  illus- 
trates *A  colloquy  or  reading  M''^  Erringtons  Trial  for  Adultery*,  pp.  300-1 
(B.M.L.,  518,  c.  15/4),  see  Nos.  6826,  6832. 

For  Fox  and  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  No.  6401,  &c.;  for  the  Prince  as 
Florizel,  No.  5767. 

5ftX3fin.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 


6812  POLITICAL  PARACHUTE,  A  COALITION  EXPERIMENT. 
W.D  [Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J,  Nunn,  Great  Queen  Street,  Sep"  5'* 
1785^ 

Engraving.  Fox  and  North  descend  by  a  parachute  from  a  balloon,  only 
the  lower  part  of  which  is  visible ;  it  is  inscribed  Carlo  Khan's  East  India 
Bill  Ascended  Dec^  1783.  The  parachute,  descending  from  a  short  rope 
hanging  from  the  balloon,  is  in  the  form  of  an  umbrella  with  an  anchor, 
emblem  of  hope,  attached  to  it  by  three  ropes.  Fox  (1.)  and  North  (r.) 
stand  on  the  fluke  of  the  anchor,  supporting  themselves  by  its  stock  and 
by  the  side-ropes  which  attach  it  to  the  covering  of  the  parachute.  The 
stock  is  inscribed,  This  Gleam  of  Hope  with  Mess^^  Floods  Gratten  &  Go's 
Compliments  to  the  Coalition.  Immediately  beneath  them  is  a  seat  inscribed 
Treasury  Bench,  to  which  Fox  points  with  a  satisfied  smile.  North  also 
looks  down  smiling.  The  parachute  is  inscribed  Irish  Propositions.  Across 
the  lower  part  of  the  print  is  etched : 

Death  blow  to  their  Hopes.  The  loss  of  Public  Confidence,  not  restored  by 
misleading  the  public  opinion,  and  overthrowing  the  Propositions  by  gross 
inconsistency. 

The  Opposition  in  the  British  Parliament  contended  that  the  Propositions 
would  ruin  the  Manufacturers  of  this  Country. 

The  Same  Party  insisted,  in  Ireland,  that  the  Propositions  would  ruin  the 
Manufacturers  of  that  Country. 

The  Coalition  hoped  to  recover  the  disaster  caused  by  the  India  Bill,  see 
No.  6271,  &c.,  by  their  defeat  of  Pitt's  Irish  Propositions,  see  No.  6785,  &c. 
The  Opposition,  by  misrepresenting  the  Irish  Propositions  as  ruinous  to 
England,  obtained  alterations  in  protection  of  British  trade;  they  then 
maintained  that  *a  regulation  of  commerce,  purporting  to  be  equal,  may 
be  advantageous  to  a  rich  country,  and  ruinous  to  a  poor  one'.  Pari.  Hist. 
XXV.  95 1 .  But  the  theme  that  the  Propositions  were  destructive  of  Ireland's 
newly  acquired  liberty  was  that  which  was  used  with  the  most  deadly 
effect,  see  No.  6809.   For  Fox  and  Ireland  cf.  No.  6659. 

The  first  parachute  experiment  was  that  of  Blanchard,  in  London, 
2  June  1785,  who  dropped  one  attached  to  a  dog. 

i2|X9in. 

242 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

6813  THE  CITY  CHAMPION,  OR  THE  GUILDHALL  MERRY 
UPROAR. 

[W  Dent]  Designed  by  Corporation  Executed  by  Merry 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Nunn,  Great  Queen  Street,  Oct.  6'*,  1785. 

Engraving.  A  man  in  armour,  the  'City  Champion',  attacks  a  number  of 
others  who  fall  in  a  heap  (1.)  covered  with  black  spots  representing  the 
stains  caused  by  an  inkpot  which  has  been  thrown  at  them.  Behind  the 
champion  (r.)  is  a  small  overturned  table  under  which  lies  a  man,  also 
covered  with  ink-stains  and  shouting  Remember^  Sir,  We  are  on  the  King^s 
Commission.  The  Champion  is  about  to  hurl  a  long,  narrow  book  inscribed 
Assess  Book;  on  his  1.  arm  is  a  shield  with  the  City  Arms  and  the  motto 
No  Shop  Tax.  He  says,  Avaunt  ye  Judas's  and  betrayers  of  the  People — 
turn  out  ye  busy  mischief-making  Monkies — how  dare  you  meet  in  our  Hall  to 
enforce  your  odious  Shop  Tax — out  ye  money  Changers — I  say  turn  out  ye 
Monkies — .  One  of  the  overthrown  commissioners  says:  Whereas  the 
Marshal?  Fll  charge  you  with  an  assault  and  battery.  Another,  running 
away  (1.),  says,  He  looks  as  dreadful  as  the  Black  Prince.  On  the  floor  are 
books,  inkpot,  torn  papers,  &c.  The  fracas  takes  place  on  a  platform  (the 
hustings  at  Guildhall).  Just  below  it,  in  the  foreground,  are  the  heads  of 
spectators ;  Wilkes  looking  through  a  spy-glass  is  on  the  extreme  1.  Two 
lawyers  face  each  other  in  profile,  one  (Fielding)  saying.  Sir,  its  disturbing 
the  King's  Peace,  the  other  (Garrow),  Sir,  there  can  be  no  riot — there's  but 
one  person — .  On  the  extreme  r.  two  grinning  cits  say  to  each  other.  Let 
them  go  to  Grocers  hall — will  they  treat  them  as  they  did  plumb-pudding 
Billy?  (see  No.  6471),  and  No,  No,  the  Wind  is  changed  (cf.  No.  6807). 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched.  Dedicated  to  the  Armourers  and  Braziers  Com- 
pany   Bella,  horrida  bella!  Below  are  verses : 

To  grind  the  Cits,  and  serve  themselves. 
Assembled  were  some  courtly  Elves; 
"No  Tax  on  Shops"  the  roof  resounds, 
And  Merry  great  with  fury  bounds — 
Attacks  the  Groupe  with  horrid  yell — 
Repuls'd  by  Andrews — Merry  fell — 
No  sooner  down  than  up  again, 
Resolvd  the  Battle  to  obtain. 
He  boxes  hence  the  Assessors, 
Become,  by  first  blow,  aggressors. 
Now  books  and  papers  on  them  fall. 
And  huge  Inkstands  discharge  their  gall; 
When  lo!  they  lie,  for  Billy's  good. 
Besmeared  with  Ink  instead  of  blood. 
And  Merry  roars  ''Whilst  I  can  fight", 
**Pll  e'er  defend  the  City's  right." 

The  opposition  to  the  Shop  Tax  in  the  City  had  been  led  by  John  Merry, 
a  Common  Councillor  of  Bishopsgate  Ward.  On  26  Sept.  (after  many 
adjournments  and  much  discussion)  the  Commissioners  of  the  Land  Tax, 
ex  officio  Commissioners  of  the  Shop  Tax,  met  at  Guildhall,  found  them- 
selves locked  out  of  all  rooms  by  order  of  the  Court  of  Common  Council, 
therefore  adjourned  to  the  hustings  of  the  Hall.  They  were  interrupted  by 
Merry,  to  whom  one  Andrews  called  out,  'Sir,  we  are  executing  the  King's 
Commission.'   Merry  answered  'You  have  no  business  here',  seized  the 

243 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

minute-book  and  threw  it  into  the  Hall,  was  seized  by  the  Commissioners 
and  forced  from  the  hustings,  but  reascended  to  it  and  hurled  the  inkpot 
at  the  Commissioners,  who  gave  him  in  charge  of  the  City  Marshal.  The 
City  Quarter  Sessions  were  taking  place ;  Merry  was  charged  with  assault  : 
the  Commissioners  procured  Fielding  (probably  William,  Henry's  son). 
Merry  obtained  Garrow — after  a  long  hearing  the  matter  was  dismissed 
by  the  Mayor.  London  Chronicle y  28  Sept.  1785.  For  the  Shop  Tax  see 
No.  6798,  &c. 
Sixisftin. 

6814  THE  CITY  COLLECTORS  RECEIVING  THE  SHOP  TAX. 

[i  Dec.  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler^s  Magazine.  A  riot  in  a  London  street. 
A  collector  with  his  book  stands  in  the  foreground,  a  citizen  kneels  implor- 
ingly at  his  feet,  a  maidservant  attacks  him  with  a  mop,  another  pours 
from  a  window  the  contents  of  a  chamber-pot  on  his  head.  A  more 
copious  stream  descends  from  an  upper  window;  a  cat,  stones,  &c.,  fly 
through  the  air.  Men  with  clubs  and  banners  run  towards  him;  the 
banners  are  inscribed  No  Shop  Tax  and  No  Pitt.  An  open  book.  Shop  Tax^ 
lies  at  the  collector's  feet.  For  the  Shop  Tax  see  No.  6798,  &c. 

SXsJin. 

6815  THE  LOSS  OF  EDEN,— AND  EDEN,  LOST. 

[Rowlandson.] 

London  Printed  &  Published,  21  Dec.  lyS^  by  W.  Hinton  AT"  5 
Sweetings  Alley  Royal  Exchange. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  William  Eden  (r.) 
rushes  towards  Benedict  Arnold  (1.)  who  receives  him  with  open  arms. 
Eden's  r.  hand,  holding  a  pen,  is  on  his  breast,  in  his  1.  he  holds  out  a 
paper  inscribed  Liberty.  From  his  coat-pocket  three  documents  protrude : 
Commissi  to  America^  £6^000  p'  Annunty  and  Commerce  Negotiator  to 
France.  Arnold,  in  regimentals,  wearing  a  hat  and  holding  a  sword  in  his 
r.  hand,  is  saying  Liberty^  his  eyes  turned  sanctimoniously  upwards. 
Across  the  design  is  etched :  NB  every  Man  has  his  Price  S^  Ro¥  Walpole's 
Politicks.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Two  Patriots  {in  the  self  same  Age  was  Born,) 

And  both  alike  have  gain'd  the  Public  scorn, 

This  to  America  did  much  pretend. 

The  other  was  to  Ireland  a  Friend, 

Yet  Sword,  or  Oratory,  would  not  do. 

As  each  had  different  Plans  in  Veiw, 

America  lost!  Arnold,  &  Alassf 

To  loose  our  Eden  now  is  come  to  pass. 

Eden,  on  account  of  his  ability  in  conunercial  and  financial  questions, 
was  asked  by  Pitt  to  negotiate  the  Commercial  Treaty  with  France  (see 
No.  6995,  &c.)  as  Envoy  Extraordinary  and  Minister  Plenipotentiary. 
Auckland  Correspondence,  i.  86  ff.  His  apostasy  is  compared  to  that  of 
Arnold,  see  No.  6173.  See  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  243-5;  Rose, 
Pitt  and  National  Revival,  191 1,  p.  230  f.   Cf.  Billy  Eden  or  the  Renegado 

244 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1785 

Scout  in  Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces,  ii,  1786,  p.  268  f.,  one  of  many  squibs 
on  Eden  for  accepting  office.  For  the  title  cf.  Rondeau  beginning:  *0f 
Eden  lost,  in  ancient  days',  ibid.,  p.  170.  He  was  already  regarded  as  a 
time-server,  cf.  the  ironical  advice  (put  into  Loughborough's  mouth)  to 
go  on  'attacking  Pitt's  measures,  and  he  may  be  bought  off  by  a  place'. 
Rambler's  Magazine,  ii.  319  (Aug.  1784).  Eden  w^as  one  of  the  Com- 
missioners to  America  in  1778,  see  No.  5473,  &c.  He  had  been  one  of  the 
ablest  opponents  of  the  Irish  Propositions,  see  No.  6795. 
8fxi2f  in. 

6816  AVITO  FRONDET  HONORE 

PuhlisKdforJ.  Ridgway  N"  ig6  Piccadilly  1785. 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  the  2nd  ( ?)  edition  of  The  Rolliad,  see  No. 
6817.  A  burlesque  genealogical  tree  (the  title  being  his  supposed  motto: 
he  puts  forth  leaves  through  the  honour  of  his  ancestors)  for  John  Rolle, 
M.P.  for  Devon.  His  supposed  ancestor,  Rollo  of  Normandy,  lies  on  the 
ground  wearing  armour,  a  sword  and  ducal  coronet  beside  him;  from  his 
body  ascends  the  stem  of  the  family  tree,  with  fourteen  circles  culminating 
in  the  one  enclosing  J^oAw  Rolle,  Member  for  Devonshire  1785. 

6817  [TITLE-PAGE  FROM  THE  ROLLIAD] 

Printed  for  James   Ridgway,    opposite   Sackville-street,   Piccadilly. 
MDCCLXXXV 

Engraving.  The  supposed  coat  of  arms  of  John  Rolle,  see  No.  6816.  An 
escutcheon  with  the  motto  Jouez  hien  voire  role.  On  it  are  three  French 
rolls  and  two  rolled  documents.  The  crest  is  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Lloyd 
Kenyon,  the  Master  of  the  Rolls,  to  whom  the  volume  is  dedicated 
(pp.  vii-xix)  in  a  postscript  originally  added  to  the  8th  number: 

Behold  the  Engraver's  mimic  labours  trace 
The  sober  image  of  that  sapient  face 

In  this  dedication  Kenyon  is  viciously  attacked  as  responsible  for  the 
Westminster  Scrutiny.   (See  No.  6553,  &c.) 

3iX3iin.  (pL). 

6818  ARGUMENT  AGAINST  FEELING  [?  1785] 

Published  by  E.  Jackson  Mary  le  bone  Street 

Engraving.  Pitt  lies  prone  on  a  whipping-block ;  Fox  (1.)  holds  up  his  coat- 
tails  in  his  1.  hand,  while  he  raises  a  birch-rod  in  his  r.,  Pitt's  bare  posteriors 
being  much  scarred.   Pitt  says.  This  is  a  question  of  feeling  not  ArgumK 

Probably  a  satire  on  the  successful  opposition  to  Pitt  by  Fox  in  1785 
over  the  Scrutiny,  see  No.  6553,  &c.,  and  the  Irish  Propositions,  No.  6785, 
&c.  Cf.  No.  6775. 
8ix8Jin. 


245 


i78s 
PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

6819-6830 

Series  of  Tete-a-tite  Portraits 

[MRS  G M.]  [i  Jan.  1785] 

[LORD  BALLOON] 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xvi.  625.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  annexed  .  .  .*.  An 
account  of  Lord  Foley,  called  Lord  Balloon  from  the  abortive  balloon- 
ascent  in  the  garden  of  Foley  House,  see  No.  6702,  &c.   After  his  wife's 

death  he  established  Mrs.  G m  in  a  house  in  Marylebone.   She  had 

been  a  strolling  actress;  being  destitute  on  her  husband's  death,  'she  was 
a  constant  prey  to  pimps  and  tally  women'  until  she  met  Lord  Foley. 

The  plate  is  missing  from  the  B.M.  copy  of  the  magazine,  and  also  from 
the  Hibernian  Magazine. 

B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6819  N°  XXXVH.    MRS  H . 

N°  XXXVHL    THE  PATRIOTIC  PRELATE. 

London,  PuhlisKdJany  14;  178 5,  by  A,  Hamilton  JuW  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvi.  681.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Hervey,  bishop  of  Derry,  the  portrait  resembling,  and  probably  copied 
from,  that  of  No.  6654,  &c.  His  politics  are  attributed  to  patriotism.  His 
amours  with  ladies  of  rank  (whose  names  are  spared)  are  justified  by 
separation  from  his  wife.  Mrs.  H.  does  not  attempt  to  conceal  her  attach- 
ment ;  she  is  separated  from  her  husband,  a  clergyman. 
Ovals,  2|X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6820  N°  II.    MISS  PH— LP— T. 

N°  III    THE  SAPIENT  STATESMAN. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street  Febv  i;  1785. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  9.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
the  Marquis  of  Carmarthen.  Miss  Philpot  made  her  mark  as  a  courtesan 
at  Marylebone  Gardens  and  impressed  Carmarthen  at  Brighton  as  she 
came  from  bathing. 
Ovals,  2ft  X  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6821  N°  IV.    THE  ENGAGING  MISS  R— YM— ND. 
N°  V.    THE  INTREPID  LOVER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  March  i;  1785. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  65.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   He  is  a  man  of 

246 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1785 

wealth  and  fashion  who  after  a  career  of  intrigue  with  women  of  fashion 
married  a  dowager  countess.   He  is  Andrew  Stoney  (afterwards  Bowes), 
she  is  Lucy  Raymond,  a  courtesan.   He  is  the  subject  of  another  Tete-a- 
titey  see  No.  7192. 
Ovals,  2|X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  2442  b. 

6822  N°  VH.    MISS  W— LP— LE 

N°  Vni.    THE  GALLIC  SPORTSMAN. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  April  i;  1785. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  121.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  A  favourable 
account  of  the  Due  de  Chartres,  his  Anglomania  and  English  servants. 
At  Ranelagh  he  met  Polly  Walpole  whose  rich  city  lover  visited  her  at 
week-ends  only.  He  is  the  subject  of  another  THe-a-tite,  see  No.  6679. 
Ovals,  2|  X  2i^g  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6823  N°  X.    HON.  MRS  F 

N°  XI.    INCAUTIOUS  LOTHARIO. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street  May  2;  1785, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  177.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account 
of  Charles  Henry  Mordaunt,  5th  Earl  of  Peterborough  (1758-1814),  and 
of  his  father's  amours,  see  No.  5418.   After  an  attachment  to  an  opera 

dancer  he  became  the  lover  of  *M^^  F ',  i.e.  Lady  Anne  Foley,  wife  of 

the  Hon.  Edward  Foley,  daughter  of  Lord  Coventry.  The  liaison  caused 

a  trial  for  crim.  con.  in  1785  (B.M.L.,  518, 1.  12/2). 

Ovals,  2^X  2xV»  2i®6X  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6824  N°  XIII.    THE  POLITE  MRS  W— NTW— H. 
N°  XIV.    THE  PACIFIC  ADMIRAL. 

London,  Published  June  i;  1785,  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  233.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  naval  officer  who  has  had  no  opportunities  of  displaying  his  courage,  a 
Ministerial  M.P.  with  'the  greatest  number  of  boroughs  in  the  kingdom  at 
his  command'.  Identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Hugh  Pigot;  this  appears 
to  be  correct,  but  Pigot,  M.P.  for  Bridgnorth  from  1777  to  1784,  was  one 
of  Fox's  martyrs.  For  Pigot  see  vol.  v.  He  had  been  a  captain  at  the 
taking  of  Louisbourg  (1758)  and  Quebec  (1759).  ^^s.  Wentworth  is  a 
noted  demi-mondaine  whom  the  Admiral  has  established  in  a  country 
villa  with  vis-a-vis  and  servants. 
Ovals,  2^Q  X  z^Q  in. ;  2f  X  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6825  N°  XVI.    LEONORA. 
N°  XVII.    ALTAMONT. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  July  i;  1785. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  289.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account 

247 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

of  an  Irish  peer,  a  companion  of  Burke,  complimented  by  Johnson  on  his 
extensive  reading,  a  benefactor  to  Goldsmith,  embarrassed  by  losses  at  cards. 
Leonora  is  the  daughter  of  a  watchmaker,  who  visits  him  at  his  villa  a  few 
miles  beyond  Westminster  Bridge.   Evidently  Lord  Charlemont. 
Ovals,  2f  X  2i^g  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6826  [N°  XIX.]    THE  MODERN  CHASTE  LUCRETIA 
[N°  XX.]    THE  FAVOURITE  CAPTAIN 

Puhlishd  by  T:  Walker  N''  yg  Dame  Street^ 

Engraving.  Hihernian  Magazine,  1785,  p.  420.   Two  bust  portraits  illus- 
trate 'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   An  account  of  Mrs.  Errington 
and  Captain  Buckley,  cf.  Nos.  681 1,  6832. 
2JX2J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  b. 

6827  N°  XXII.    THE  CELEBRATED  MRS  H N. 

N°  XXIII.    THE  BLOOMSBURY  BONVIVANT. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton,  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  Sep'  i;  iyS$, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  401.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account 
of  Martin  Bladen  Hawke,  2nd  Baron  Hawke,  son  of  Lord  Hawke,  K.B. 

He  lived  at  14  Bloomsbury  Square.  Mrs.  H n  is  a  courtesan  *for  some 

time  known  as  the  summit  of  the  impures'. 

Ovals,  2f  X  2  in. ;  z^^  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6828  N°  XXV.    THE  IRRESISTABLE  MRS  h— ST— GS. 
N°  XXVI.    THE  DOCILE  PARAMOUR. 

London,  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  OcV  i;  1785, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  457.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account 
of  an  Irishman,  noted  for  his  hospitality,  the  reputed  lover  of  many  women 
of  fashion,  who  at  one  time  was  said  to  keep  one  of  the  largest  and  best 
studs  in  Europe.  Mrs.  Hastings,  the  daughter  of  a  Roman  Catholic 
gentleman  of  Lancashire,  is  the  victim  of  a  bogus  marriage. 
Ovals,  3  X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6829  N°  XXVIII.    THE  CAPTIVATING  MISS  J— RV— S. 
N°  XXIX.    THE  VENERABLE  ADMIRER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  Nov""  i;  1785. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  513.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account 
of  Charles  Howard,  loth  Duke  of  Norfolk  (1720-86).  His  amorous  dis- 
position has  developed  only  since  the  death  of  his  wife  (1784).  Miss  Jarvis, 
a  Roman  Catholic,  is  descended  from  a  good  Norfolk  family,  but  was  forced 
by  destitution  to  become  a  courtesan. 
Ovals,  3  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

'  The  plate  is  missing  from  the  B.M.L.  copy  of  the  Town  and  Country  Magazine, 
p.  345. 

248 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

6830  N°  XXXI    THE  FEMALE  CONFEDERATE. 
N°  XXXII    THE  HYPOCRITICAL  PRELATE. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  Street  1  DeC":  1785. 

Engraving.    Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  569.   Two  bust  portraits 

in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.   An  account 

of  Cardinal  de  Rohan  and  Mme  de  la  Motte,  and  the  affair  of  the  diamond 

necklace. 

Ovals,  3  X  2  J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6831  AN  HIEROGLYPHICAL  CARD  FROM  THE  BIRD  OF  PARA- 
DISE TO  THE  PRINCE.  [i  Feb.  1785] 

A  printed  letter  w^ith  small  woodcuts  representing  objects,  from  the 
Rambler's  Magazine, 

My  (deer)! 

(Eye)  (can)  (knot)  {heojhold  (yew)  (butt)  (eye)  am  struck  zu{eye)th  a 
(pan)/c,  and  must  salute  (yew)  out  of  (hand).  (Yew)  are  (awl)  the  (world) 
(toe)  mel  Were  (eye)  (butt)  (inn)  (yew)r  (arms),  (eye)  should  (bee)  happy. 
Had  (eye)  a  (maid)g«(head)  it  should  (bee)  at  (yew)r  ser{y\Q,€),for  (eye)  (can) 
(knot)  (bear)  (toe)  (bee)  from  (yew).  How  is  M^  (fox)  ?  (eye)  long  for  a 
(brush)  from  h{eye)m.  (Well)  may  the  Duchess  (bee)  del{eye)ghted  w{eye)th 
h{eye)m.  Every  (bell)  (eye)^  mad  for  h{eye)m.  (Bee)r(eye)w^  (inn)  (yew)r 
(hand)  the  Colonel  [Fitzpatrick?]. 

Adieu,  my  (heart), 

The  i^'ixd)  of  Para{&ice). 

Mrs.  Mahon,  *the  bird  of  paradise',  a  noted  courtesan  of  good  birth, 
tried  to  attract  the  Prince  of  Wales.   H.  Bleackley,  Ladies  fair  and  frail, 
1909,  pp.  247  ff.  See  No.  5948,  &c. 
7fX4iin. 

6832  [MRS.  ERRINGTON  AND  OTHERS]  [i  Oct.  1785] 

Engraving.    From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.    Five  bust  portraits  in  oval 

frames,  the  centre  one  inscribed  M"  E—g — n,  the  others  Cap:  S h, 

Cap:  R — b — ts.  Cap:  B — k — y  (of  the  Coldstream  Guards),  and  Cap: 
S — h—y.  The  trial  of  Mrs.  Harriot  Errington  (see  No.  681 1)  at  Doctors 
Commons  took  place  in  1785  for  adultery  with  Augustus  Murray  Smith, 
an  officer  in  the  Marines,  Captain  Buckley,  Captain  Southby,  *and  many 
others'.  Cf.  No.  6826. 
Ovals,  ifxif  in. 

6833  A  PEEP  AT  THE  GARTERS.  [i  Dec.  1785] 

Engraving.  Rambler's  Magazine,  iii.  418.  Illustration  to  a  dialogue.  A 
lady  stands  on  the  stage  at  Covent  Garden,  pointing  to  the  1.,  her  head 
turned  in  profile  to  the  r.  She  wears  full  dress,  with  a  very  wide  hooped 
petticoat  from  which  hangs  a  long  train,  visible  owing  to  the  shortness  and 
tilt  of  her  hoop,  which  displays  her  legs,  revealing  the  garter  on  her  r.  leg. 
On  the  r.  is  a  corner  of  the  orchestra,  showing  three  musicians,  one  holding 
a  bassoon.  On  the  1.  two  men  stand  immediately  below  the  stage  leering 
up  at  the  actress. 

249 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

She  is  *M"  B s\  i.e.  Bates,  who  was  playing  at  Covent  Garden 

1785-6.   Sarah  Harrop,  a  singer,  married  Joah  Bates  1780. 

5fX3i'sin.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

6834  [BOB  FOSTER,  THE  FLYING  BARBER  (i).] 
J.  K,  Baldrey  Sculps  [?  after  Bearblock] 

Pu¥  Fehy  23.  1785.  by  J.  K.  Baldrey.  Cambridge. 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6835.  A  lean  man,  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  runs  holding  a  small  covered  pot  (a  chafer  for  hot  water)  in  his  1.  hand; 
under  his  r.  arm  is  a  barber's  bowl,  under  his  1.  arm  a  folded  towel.  Beneath 
is  etched : 

Saepe  velut  qui 

Currehat  fugiens  hostetn. 

Foster  was  for  many  years  hairdresser  to  Clare  Hall,  eccentric  but 
honest,  noted  for  his  rapidity  in  walking,  talking,  and  shaving.  Camb. 
Antiq.  Soc.^  Catalogue  of  Exhibition  of  Cambridge  Caricatures,  Fitzwilliam 
Museuttty  1908. 

Cf.  *  Epitaph  sent  to  Bob  Foster  .  .  .  since  which  time  the  University  has 
made  him  a  more  lasting  and  characteristic  present,  of  a  Silver  Bason: 

Cut  smooth  by  Death's  tremendous  razor. 
Lies  dapper  Bob,  eccentrick  Shaver, . . . 

Excursions  to  Parnassus  ...  by  a  Gentleman  of  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge, 1787',  p.  61. 

The  print  illustrates  not  only  an  individual,  but  a  type,  extinct,  according 
to  J.  T.  Smith,  in  London  by  18 15,  but  surviving  in  some  country  villages. 
He  *flies  about'  to  his  customers,  always  carrying  napkin,  soap,  pewter 
basin,  and  a  covered  leaden  pot  for  hot  water.  Ancient  Topography  of 
London,  p.  33. 

An  impression  (or  copy)  of  this  print.  Pub.  Jan.  J,  1787,  by  J.  K. 
Baldrey,  Cambridge  is  described  in  Wordsworth's  Social  Life  at  the  English 
Universities,  1874,  p.  136. 

4iX3ttin. 

6835  [BOB  FOSTER,  THE  FLYING  BARBER  (2).] 
J.  K.  Baldrey  Sculps  [?  after  Bearblock] 

Pu¥  Feby  23.  1785,  by  J.  K.  Baldrey,  Cambridge. 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6834.  Foster  shaves  a  man  seated 
(1.)  in  a  chair,  draped  in  a  sheet.  They  face  each  other  in  profile.  Foster 
puts  his  1.  hand  under  his  client's  chin,  holding  the  razor  up  with  a 
dramatic  gesture.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Tonsor  ego — Tonsoris  opem  si  forte  requiras, 
Mappa  subest — ardet  Culter — et  Unda  tepet, 

Des  nummos — uno  tibi  Barba  evanuit  ictu. 
Si  male,  tolle  obolum:  si  bene—plura  refer. 

Described,  C.  Wordsworth,  Social  Life  at  the  English  Universities,  1874, 
pp.  136-7,  where  a  different  and  longer  version  of  the  epigram  is  given, 

250 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

attributed  to  Gilbert  Wakefield.  For  Foster  or  Forster  see  also  Gunning, 

Reminiscences y  1854,  i.  179-80. 

4AX3Hin. 

6836  THE  BARON. 
Brighton  deP.    Bath  me  fecit 

London  Published  Sepr  J,  1785,  by  /.  Gary  A/^  i88  Strand 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  elderly  man  seated 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  through  a  magnifying-glass.  His  large  hat  is 
under  his  1.  arm,  his  1.  hand,  resting  on  his  knee,  is  distorted  as  if  by 
rheumatism.  His  dress  is  old-fashioned,  with  a  flapped  waistcoat  and  full- 
skirted  coat.  Beneath  the  title  is  a  vignette  of  a  bottle  labelled  Brandy  and 
an  escutcheon  with  a  medley  of  four  aces. 

A  portrait  of  the  self-styled  Baron  Newman  or  Crooked-finger  Jack,  see 
Nos.  4836  (1773),  4651  (1774).   He  committed  suicide  at  Bath  in  1789. 
8/6X61^6  in. 

6837  A  VIEW  OF  THE   CORN   EXCHANGE   LONDON   &   MR 
ATKINSON  THE  CONTRACTOR  IN  THE  PILLORY 

Price  Six  Pence 
Printed  &  Published  by  W  Hinton   N"  5   Sweetings  Alley  Royal 
Exchange 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Atkinson  stands  on  a 
rectangular  platform,  his  head  and  hands  closely  confined  in  a  pillory, 
which  pivots  on  a  tentral  post,  on  which  is  the  culprit's  hat.  An  official 
standing  beside  him  says.  Walk  Round  Sir.  Atkinson  says.  Upon  my 
Honor  &  Reputation^  notwithstanding  every  effort  of  Money  &  Interest  am 
compeld  to  be  thus  exposd  But,  Its  well  its  no  Worse.  A  sea  of  heads  surrounds 
the  platform.  In  the  foreground  are  constables  with  their  staves  and  (r.  and 
1.)  the  two  sheriffs  (H.L.)  on  horseback  wearing  their  chains.  Behind  is 
the  Corn  Exchange  with  its  pillared  front.  Spectators  watch  from  the 
windows  of  the  adjacent  house  (r.). 

For  Atkinson  see  Nos.  6021,  6667,  &c.  This  plate  was  probably  etched 
before  the  punishment  took  place,  see  No.  6838. 
7igX7|in. 

6838  A  ROGUE  IN  GRAIN  PROPERLY  EXALTED. 

Printed  &  Pu¥  by  W.  Hinton  N  5  Sweetings  Alley  Royal  Exchange 
Nov  26  1785. 

Engraving.  An  altered  state  of  No.  6837.  The  background  and  crowd  are 
as  in  No.  6837,  but  the  figure  of  Atkinson  has  been  redrawn  as  a  portrait 
in  profile,  closely  resembling  that  in  No.  6839.  ^^^  ^^^  ^^^^^  ^^^  ■^°-  7070 ; 
he  leans  with  his  head  and  shoulders  through  the  open  pillory ;  no  words 
issue  from  his  mouth.  The  pillory  has  also  been  redrawn,  and  the  man 
standing  beside  it  has  been  removed.  Four  verses  of  a  song  are  engraved 
below  the  title,  beginning : 

Sure  no  Exaltation  more  proper  could  fit 
The  Genius  and  Honor  of  Contractor  Kit 

251 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

A  Friend  to  the  Goverment  [sic]  &  to  the  Nation 
Ther'e  none  who  behold  him  who  Envy'd  his  Station 

Derry  Down  &c. 

Reduced  and  altered  from  a  print  (not  satirical)  published  by  Hinton. 
The  original  drawing  by  J.  Barlow,  in  pen  and  wash,  is  in  the  Print  Room. 

7AX7f  in. 

6839  A  MEMBER  OF  MARK  LANE. 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Com,  N°  55,  Fleet  Street,  Noif  2g, 

Engraving.  Design  in  a  circle.  A  man,  not  caricatured,  stands  on  a  circular 
platform,  his  head  and  hands  leaning  on  the  pillory,  the  upper  portion  of 
which  is  so  raised  as  to  prevent  constriction.  Behind  are  the  heads  of  a 
crowd,  in  front  of  which  and  surrounding  the  pillory  are  constables  holding 
long  staves.  In  the  background  a  street  converges  in  exaggerated  per- 
spective.  See  No.  6838.   Beneath  is  engraved: 

In  the  Pillory  here  you  may  View  the  Corn-factor, 

The  Perjured  Kit  Atkin — n,  alias  Contractor 

Ye  Agents  of  All  sorts  throughout  the  Nation, 

Now  tremble  for  fear  of  the  same  exaltation. 

For  Christopher  Atkinson  see  Nos.  6021,  6667,  &c.   He  was  pilloried 
outside  the  Corn  Exchange  in  Mark  Lane  on  25  Nov.  1785,  labels  being 
pasted  on  the  pillars  of  the  Com  Exchange,  'Christopher  Atkinson  Esq; 
for  perjury'.  London  Chronicle,  26  Nov.  1785. 
Diam.,  6|  in. 

6840  THE  MOMENT  OF  IMAGINATION. 

Pu¥  January  the  13.  1785  by  W.  George,  N'^  22y  Strand, 

Engraving.  Edward  Topham,  seated  in  profile  to  the  r.,  a  pen  in  his  hand, 
has  just  kicked  over  his  circular  writing-table  in  frenzied  inspiration.  He 
raises  his  clenched  1.  fist.   An  inkstand  and  fragments  of  paper  inscribed 

Epilogue  M^'  W [Wells]  Hay-Market,  Epilogue  M«  S s  [Siddons] 

Drury-lane,  and  Prologue  for  M^^  F [Farren]  Covent  Garden  lie  on  the 

ground.  On  the  wall  (r.)  hangs  an  oval  bust  portrait  of  Mrs.  Siddons,  her 
head  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.  Above  and  behind  Topham 's  head  is  a  small 
parrot  in  a  cage,  saying.  Bravo  Cap^^  Prologue!  Bravo! 

Topham  was  noted  for  his  skill  in  composing  prologues  and  epilogues, 
see  No.  6855,  &c.  For  his  connexion  with  Mrs.  Wells  see  Nos.  6854,  6999, 
and  index. 

6841  AN  EAST  INDIA  CAPTAIN.    A  REAL  CHARACTER. 

Published  by  W.  Humphrey,  AT"  227,  Strand. 

Engraving.  A  W.L.  caricature  of  a  man  standing  in  profile  to  the  1.  by  the 
sea-shore,  his  arms  behind  him.  The  profile  is  grotesque,  the  neck  very 
thick,  the  legs  disproportionately  small.  In  the  distance  is  the  poop  of  a 
ship  inscribed  Godfrey  in  large  letters,  probably  the  name  of  the  captain. 
ioJx6|in. 

252 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1785 

6842  [A  SLEEPY  CONGREGATION.] 

LK^  [Kay.]  1785^ 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  crowded  church.  The  preacher  stands  in  a 
high  pulpit  (1.)  facing  his  congregation  with  a  stern  expression.  Beneath 
him  is  the  precentor,  John  Campbell  (see  No.  5894).  The  congregation 
sits  in  a  gallery,  under  the  gallery,  and  in  the  body  of  the  church  round  the 
pulpit.  Men  predominate.  Most  of  the  congregation  are  asleep,  some  turn 
their  backs  on  the  preacher. 

Dr.  Alexander  Webster  (1707-84)  preaching  in  the  Tolbooth  church 
(the  SW.  portion  of  St.  Giles's).  The  congregation  represents  persons 
notoriously  little  addicted  to  church-going :  Webster's  actual  congregation 
consisted  of  the  strictest  Presbyterians  known  as  'Tolbooth  Whigs'  from 
their  resemblance  to  the  covenanting  Whigs  of  the  seventeenth  century. 

Collection,  No.  8.  Kay,  No.  X. 
SAxsin. 

6843  [DR.  GRAHAM  LECTURING  IN  EDINBURGH.] 

J.  Kay  Invent  et  Fecit,  1785^ 

Engraving.  Graham,  the  well-known  quack,  stands  above  and  behind 
a  crowd  of  listeners,  all  men,  some  in  profile,  some  in  back  view,  some 
full-face,  the  heads  and  shoulders  only  being  visible,  except  in  the  fore- 
ground where  there  is  a  row  of  H.L.  figures  seated  apparently  on  a  bench. 
The  expressions  of  the  audience  vary,  some  look  up  at  the  lecturer,  others 
turn  their  backs,  many  are  grinning.  Graham  holds  a  rolled  document  in 
one  hand  as  in  No.  6324,  &c.  The  room  is  lit  by  a  small  pendant  chandelier 
with  four  candles,  and  by  single  candles  in  sconces  round  the  walls. 

Graham  lectured  in  Edinburgh  on  29  July  1783  in  Mary's  Chapel, 
Niddry's  Wynd ;  a  public  repetition  was  prohibited,  he  was  confined  to  the 
Tolbooth  between  Aug.  9  and  19 ;  on  his  release  he  lectured  in  a  large  room 
in  Bailie  Fyfe's  close,  probably  that  here  depicted,  his  hearers  paying  the 
fine  of  £20  which  had  been  imposed  on  him.  For  Graham  see  No.  6323, 
&c.,  and  index. 

Collection,  No.  7.   Kay,  No.  XII. 
5i6X4|in. 

6844  [AN  EDINBURGH  AUCTION.] 

1785  m 

Engraving.  William  Martin,  grinning  broadly,  stands  in  his  rostrum, 
holding  up  a  print  (a  profile  head  of  a  bearded  man) ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  his 
hammer.  Beneath  him  is  a  sea  of  raised  heads,  about  two-thirds  being  in 
profile  to  the  r.,  the  others  in  profile  to  the  1.,  with  a  few  in  back  view. 
All  wear  hats.  The  rostrum  is  lit  by  two  candles. 

Martin  was  a  noted  Edinburgh  bookseller  of  humble  origin,  full  of 
anecdote  and  humour  in  his  auction-room.  See  No.  6845. 

Collection,  No.  56.   Kay,  No.  LXI. 
3ix6i^ein. 

'  Added  to  impression  in  Kay. 

253 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6845  CONNOISSEURS 

J.K,  Fed  1785 

Engraving.  Six  men  (H.L.)  inspect  prints.  One,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holds 
up  a  print  of  the  Three  Graces,  another,  facing  him,  holds  a  print  of  the 
broadly  grinning  head  of  Martin,  see  No.  6844. 

These  two  are  James  Sibbald,  the  well-known  Edinburgh  bookseller 
and  publisher,  and  George  Fairholme  of  Greenhill,  a  great  collector  of 
Rembrandt  etchings.  William  Scott,  a  plumber  and  a  collector,  looks  over 
Sibbald's  shoulder,  inspecting  the  Graces  through  a  glass.  Of  two  figures 
standing  behind  Fairholme,  one  is  James  Kerr,  banker.  The  other  two 
are  imaginary. 

Collection,  No.  42.  Kay,  No.  CLXII. 
2iX4ftin. 

6846  [JAMES  GRAHAM  AND  A  LADY.] 

K,  Fed  1785 

Engraving.  A  lady,  holding  on  her  feathered  hat,  walks  against  a  high 
wind  which  blows  her  dress  against  her  person,  draping  her  legs  from  the 
waist  downwards.  She  holds  a  small  nosegay  and  is  followed  by  Graham, 
wearing  his  accustomed  suit  of  white  linen  with  black  stockings ;  he  holds 
a  larger  nosegay  and  stares  at  the  lady.  Both  are  in  profile  to  the  r.  Behind 
them  is  the  balustrade  of  the  North  Bridge,  Edinburgh. 

For  Graham  in  Edinburgh  see  No.  6843.  The  lady  is  *said  to  resemble 
a  Miss  Dunbar,  sister  of  Sir  James  Dunbar,  Bart.* 

Collection,  No.  44.  Kay,  No.  XI. 
4i5X3iin. 

6847  I  SAY  WE  ARE  FEARFULLY  &  WONDERFULLY  MADE 

[?c.  17853 
K.fed, 

Engraving.  Caricature  portraits  of  Alexander  Hunter  of  Polmood  and 
Roger  Hog  of  NewHston.  Hunter  (1.)  walks  in  profile  to  the  r.,  stooping, 
with  a  long  cane ;  his  dress  is  old-fashioned.  Hog  (r.),  very  stout,  stands  full- 
face,  his  breeches  partly  unbuttoned  and  slipping  from  his  waist.  Behind 
is  the  balustrade  of  the  North  Bridge. 

Hog  (d.  1789)  was  miserly,  very  careless  in  his  dress,  and  was  accustomed 
to  preface  his  remarks  with  *I  say\  Hunter  died  Jan.  1786. 

Collection,  No.  27.  Kay,  No.  XVH. 
5JX3|in. 

6848  [COCK-FIGHTING   MATCH    BETWEEN   LANARK   AND 
HADDINGTON] 

K,  Fed  1785 

Engraving.  Two  cocks  fight  in  a  cock-pit,  a  man  standing  over  each  cock ; 
the  spectators  are  in  a  circle  several  rows  deep.  The  wall  of  the  room  is  of 
stone,  with  three  boarded-up  windows ;  it  is  the  unfinished  kitchen  of  the 
Edinburgh  Assembly  Rooms.  The  heads  are  on  a  small  scale  and  crowded 

254 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1785 

together,  but  several  are  portraits,  one  being  Deacon  Brodie.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched : 

Thus  we  poor  Cocks,  exert  our  Skill  &  Bravery 
For  idle  Gullsy  and  Kites,  that  trade  in  KnavWy 

Collection,  No.  55.  Kay,  No.  XLIV. 
six 4 J  in. 

6849  THE  WONDERS  OF  WESTMINSTER-HALL! 

Woodman  &  Mutlow,  Ini^  Sculp- 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  28  Ap^  178^,  by  Woodman  &  Mutlow, 
N°  30  Russel  Court,  Covent-Garden. 

Engraving.  Judges,  lawyers,  and  others  rush  headlong  from  Westminster 
Hall.  Three  women  are  among  the  crowd,  one  of  whom  has  fallen  on  her 
back.  In  the  background  is  a  Gothic  doorway,  on  each  side  of  which  are 
two  windows;  through  the  upper  1.  window  appears  a  maidservant  with 
a  mop.  Beneath  the  title  is  printed :  Or,  Courts  of  Law  without  a  Covering, 
and  Lawyers^  Fears  without  Foundation;  Causes  without  an  Issue,  and  an 
Issue  without  a  Cause.  This  is  followed  by  two  quotations  from  Virgil, 
below  which  are  verses  printed  in  five  columns.  The  last  is : 

However  strange,  'tis  strictly  true. 

That  thus  a  simple  Wench 
Did — (what  no  other  Power  could  do) — 

Drive  Mansfield  from  the  Bench! 

For  the  incident  see  No.  6852,  &c.  Mansfield  resigned  4  June  1788,  his 
work  in  the  King's  Bench  for  the  last  two  years  having  been  done  by 
BuUer,  owing  to  the  Chief  Justice's  ill-health.    For  his  failure  to  retire 
earlier  cf.  Auckland  Correspondence,  ii.  207,  and  No.  7123. 
9|x8J  in.   Broadside,  i6|x  loj  in. 

6850  THE  COURT  OF  KING'S  BENCH  IN  AN  UPROAR. 

Vol.  XVII.  [i  May  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  lyi.  Ten  judges 
in  wigs  and  robes  flee  in  panic,  some  being  prostrate  on  the  floor.   The 
Royal  Arms  are  on  the  wall  (1.).  A  woman  looks  through  a  skylight. 
For  this  incident  see  No.  6852,  &c. 

6851  HEADS  AND  TAILS  UNCOVERED.  [i  June  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler^ s  Magazine.  A  woman  brandishing  a  mop, 
having  fallen  through  a  skylight,  sits  astride  the  head  of  a  judge ;  other 
judges  and  lawyers,  some  having  lost  their  wigs,  flee  in  confusion.  A 
woman  lies  on  the  ground.  On  the  back  wall  of  the  building  are  the 
Royal  Arms,  and  on  each  side  of  them  a  statue  in  a  niche,  that  on  the  1. 
being  Justice  with  her  scales. 

For  this  incident  see  No.  6852,  &c. 
5x3!  in. 

255 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6852  THE  WATER  FALL,  OR,  AN  ERROR  IN  JUDGMENT. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  May  2y.  iy84  [1785]  by  Wallis  Ludgate  Hill^ 

Engraving.  Illustration  to  verses  printed  in  four  columns  beneath  the 
plate.  Judges,  counsel,  and  others  are  rushing  in  a  wild  panic  from 
the  Court  of  King's  Bench  in  Westminster  Hall,  some  escaping  over  the 
prostrate  bodies  of  those  who  have  fallen  down  some  shallow  stairs,  just 
visible  under  the  heap  of  bodies.  The  mace  lies  on  the  ground  near  an 
elderly  man  in  wig  and  gown  on  the  extreme  r.  who  kneels  in  a  crouching 
position.  A  man  (1.)  escapes  through  a  broken  window. 

A  satire  on  an  incident  of  22  Apr.  1785  during  a  sitting  of  the  King's 
Bench;  a  skylight  was  broken  and  pieces  of  glass  fell  among  the  judges; 
supposing  that  the  whole  building  was  about  to  fall  they  fled,  but  soon 
returned.  The  court  was  very  full  as  an  interesting  case  was  being  heard — 
a  claim  by  Lord  North,  as  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports,  to  a  chest  of  silver 
value  ;()30,ooo  salvaged  from  a  wreck  on  the  Goodwin  Sands.  According 
to  some  stories,  the  damage  to  the  skylight  was  caused  by  an  inquisitive 
maidservant  who  dropped  a  pail  and  mop.  London  Chronicley  23  and  26 
Apr.  1785.    See  also  Nos.  6849,  6850,  6851. 

One  verse  of  the  song  (*To  the  Tune  of  the  Roast  Beef  of  Old  Eng- 
land') is : 

Beneath  the  feet  of  M d  [Mansfield],  B r  [BuUer]  lies, 

*^Thro*  all  created  Space"  keen  E ne  [Erskine]  flies. 

The  wigless  W — 11 — s  [Willes]  leaped  over  A — h — t's  [Ashurst's]  Head, 

While  B — r — t  [Bearcroft],  L — e  [Lee]  and  M y  [Murphy]  swiftly  fled; 

Gay  limping  F — d — g  [Fielding]  took  a  peep  above 
A  Damsel  saw,  but  durst  not  think  of  Love ; 
The  Coxcomb,  Student,  and  Attorney  vile, 
Jew  Bail,  and  Tipstaff^,  added  to  the  Pile. 
All  rush  in  Terror,  or  from  Gain  or  Sport, 
And  headlong  tumble  down  the  Steps  of  Court. 

*Gay  limping  F — d — g'  is  probably  William  Fielding,  b.  1748,  son  of 
Henry,  a  barrister  who  is  said  to  have  inherited  his  father's  conversational 
powers.  He  was  lame  from  a  paralytic  stroke  at  the  age  of  30. 

The  Lawyer's  Panic;  or^  Westminster  Hall  in  an  Uproar  was  played  at 
Covent  Garden  7  May  1785  and  at  the  Haymarket  16  Aug.  1785.  Baker, 
Biog.  Dram, 

Grego,  Rozvlandsony  i.  155. 
9x13  J  in. 

6853  VAUX-HALL 

^  Drawn  by  T.  Rowlandson  Aquatinto  by  F.  Jukes.  Engraved  by  R.  Pollard 

jy  -^V^*'^^        London  Publish' d  June  28'^  1785.  by  J,  R,  Smith  N'^  83  Oxford  Street 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  evening  scene  in 
Vauxhall  Gardens.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  the  orchestra  with  the  organ 
behind  and  performers  on  the  kettledrums,  string  and  wind  instruments. 
The  vocalist,  Mrs.  Weichsel,  sings,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  from  the  adjacent 

»  The  verses  are  Trinted  for  J.  Wallis,  No.  i6.  Ludgate  Street'. 

256 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

(and  slightly  lower)  balcony,  just  above  the  heads  of  the  crowd.  A  violinist 
and  another  musician  are  seated  behind  her.  In  the  supper  box  beneath  the 
orchestra  is  Dr.  Johnson  seated  full-face,  between  Boswell  and  Goldsmith 
(d.  1774),  who  face  each  other  in  profile,  both  caricatured;  of  two  stout 
women  one  is  reputed  to  be  Mrs.  Thrale. 

Many  groups  fill  the  foreground  and  middle  distance.  The  two  centre 
figures  are  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  and  Lady  Duncannon  arm  in  arm. 
A  naval  officer  with  a  wooden  leg  and  a  patch  over  one  eye  is  reputed  to 
be  Admiral  Paisley  (?  Admiral  Pasley,  1734-1808).  Major  Topham,  an 
excellent  portrait,  stands  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.  staring  through  an  eye- 
glass. Between  Topham  and  the  supper-box  are  two  men,  one  of  whom  is 
identified  as  Lord  Camelford.^  An  elderly  parson,^  reputed  to  be  Bate 
Dudley  but  not  resembling  him,  gazes  at  the  Duchess  from  behind  a  tree. 
Next  him  a  man  dressed  as  an  officer  in  a  Highland  regiment  with  kilt  and 
broadsword  is  supposed  to  be  James  Perry,  editor  of  the  Morning  Chronicle. 
On  the  r.  the  Prince  of  Wales,  conspicuous  by  his  star,  whispers  to  Mrs. 
Robinson  (Perdita),  though  their  liaison  was  ended.  Her  r.  arm  is  linked 
with  an  ugly  and  elderly  little  man,  probably  Robinson.  On  the  extreme  1. 
an  elderly  couple  advance  arm  in  arm  in  profile. 

Behind  the  Prince  is  a  group  standing  on  a  small  platform  (or  tables), 
showing  H.L.  above  the  crowd.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  is  a  supper-table 
under  trees  where  two  cits  entertain  two  courtesans.  Lamp-lit  trees  and 
the  covered  way  form  a  background  on  the  r. 

One  of  Rowlandson's  most  famous  etchings.  A  water-colour  (8|xio 
in.)  of  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the  design,  showing  Johnson's  supper-box, 
the  two  figures  on  the  extreme  1.,  and  the  group  on  the  r.  of  the  box 
including  Camelford  and  Topham,  was  exhibited  1936  by  Frank  T.  Sabin, 
New  Bond  Street.  It  is  almost  exactly  as  in  the  etching  except  that  a  corner 
of  the  background  on  the  r.  is  omitted ;  the  scale  is  approximately  the  same. 
(Reproduced,  Catalogue,  pi.  CXI.) 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  157-61.  Often  reproduced,  e.g.  Angelo,  Reminis- 
cenceSy  1904,  ii.  i  (coloured  pi.). 
i9X29iin. 

6854  [COL.  TOPHAM  ENDEAVOURING  WITH  HIS  SQUIRT  TO 
EXTINGUISH  THE  GENIUS  OF  HOLMAN]3  [5  Oct.  178513 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Topham,  in  full  regi- 
mentals, standing  in  profile  to  the  1.,  directs  a  large  syringe  at  a  sun  (1.) 
rising  above  a  hill,  inscribed  Genius  of  Holman.  Behind  him,  holding 
leading-strings  attached  to  his  epaulettes,  are  Mrs.  Wells  and  John 
Henderson.  Above  Topham's  head  flies  an  owl  with  papers  in  its  beak 
inscribed  Prologue  (twice)  and  Epilogue.   He  says,  looking  up : 

Yes  much  belov'd  and  all  excelling  Pair 
What  Modern  Beau  can  do^  I  nobly  dare 
Against  this  Youthfull  Phaeton  will  write 
Censure^  defame,  do  every  thing  but  fight. 

*  In  the  reproduction  in  Angelo 's  Reminiscences;  to  whom  the  name  refers  is 
not  clear. 

^  He  closely  resembles  the  parson  of  No.  7059  who  is  probably  William  Jackson 
of  the  Morning  Post. 

'  Title  and  date  from  Grego. 

257  S 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Mrs.  Wells  says :  Well  done  Noble  CapV*  down  with  him  a  forward  Boy 

indeed^  to  attempt  the  Character  of  our  Friend  H n  here^  and  contrary  to 

your  Superior  Opinion.  Henderson,  clenching  his  fist,  says,  Presumptious 
Youth,  what!  does  the  Stripling  dare,  in  the  same  path  to  Fame,  with  me  to 
walk — Damnation!  A  soldier  with  a  musket  standing  on  the  extreme  r. 
says,  looking  towards  Topham,  A  Soldier,  by  the  bloody  Arm  of  Mars,  he 
looks  far  better  fitted  for  to  tend  my  lady's  Lap  Dog — or  her  Fan  to  bear. 
Verses  are  etched  beneath  the  design : 

To  whaty  oh  Muse!  can  I  compare. 
In  Heaven,  Water,  Earth  or  Air, 

The  furious  Epilogue  ? 
His  Dress  to  ape,  if  ape  they  can, 
Of  every  Fop  is  now  the  Plan, 

And  he's  alone  the  Vogue. 
See,  to  the  Side-Box  now  he  flies 
The  Optic  to  his  Eye  applies 
To  aid  his  piercing  Sight; 
Whatever  he  cannot  comprehend. 
His  Fiat  to  the  Shades  shall  send, 

And  damn  to  endless  Night. 
Should  Holman  Garrick's  Art  display, 
'Tis  Twaddle,^  boreish,  damn'd  outre. 

Quite  vulgar,  unrefined: 
His  W — lis  and  H — nd — n  alone 
Possessed  of  Merit,  will  he  own 
To  others  Worth  is  blind. 

Topham  (see  No.  5596)  was  noted  for  his  talent  in  writing  prologues  and 
epilogues,  for  his  dress,  and  the  ease  and  elegance  of  his  manners.  He  was 
in  close  relations  with  the  actress  Mary  Wells,  see  No.  6855,  &c.,  his  daily 
paper  The  World  being  started  (i  Jan.  1787)  partly  with  the  object  of 
puffing  her.  According  to  The  Jockey  Club,  Part  H,  1792,  p.  180,  *he  only 
kept  her  upon  puffs,  while  she  kept  him  upon  her  salary.  Holman  (b.  1764) 
made  his  first  appearance  on  the  stage  as  Romeo  at  Covent  Garden  25  Oct. 
1784.  During  the  season  he  played  Richard  HI  (12  Jan.  1785)  and  (for  his 
benefit,  15  Feb.  1785)  Hamlet.  These  were  both  parts  of  Henderson,  then 
the  leading  actor  at  Covent  Garden,  and  in  public  estimation  second  to 
Garrick;  he  died  25  Nov.  1785.  Genest,  vi.  354,  358,  359.  Holman  was  a 
schoolfellow  of  Rowlandson;  see  also  No.  7059,  also  by  Rowlandson. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  166  (reproduction). 
8iXi2iin. 

6854  A  A  reissue,  with  the  imprint,  Pub  by  WG.  N^  22y  Strand.  The 
verses  have  been  erased  from  the  plate  and  printed  beneath  it.  According 
to  Grego  the  print  was  republished  in  1793,  op.  cit.,  p.  320. 

6855  CAPT  EPILOGUE. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  5  Ocr  iy85  by  T.  Cornell  Bruton  St^. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Captain  Topham  walks 
in  profile  (r.  to  1.)  looking  sideways  after  a  lady  in  the  background  who  is 

'  See  No3.  6775,  6960. 

258 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

walking  down  a  street  at  r.  angles  to  that  in  which  he  is  walking.  A  sign- 
post behind  her  points  To  The  Wells  indicating  that  she  is  the  actress  Mary 
Wells  to  whom  Topham  was  attached,  see  Nos.  6854,  6999,  7058,  and 
index.  Topham  is  slim  and  upright,  a  cane  under  his  1.  arm.  He  wears  a 
cut-away  ('sparrow- tail*)  coat  with  a  high  collar,  shirt-frill,  and  close- 
fitting  breeches,  cf.  No.  6718,  &c.  He  was  a  noted  writer  of  prologues  and 
epilogues,  cf.  Nos.  6840,  6854. 

Reissued,  7  Mar.  1786,  see  also  No.  7060. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTij  i.  167. 
8fX5|in. 

6856  THE  SURPRISING  IRISH  GIANT  OF  ST  JAMES'S  STREET. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Puhlis'd  March  2y.  lyS^.  by  T,  Smith  N"  6  Wardour  Street  Soho 

Engraving.  The  giant,  good-looking  and  slim,  his  legs  disproportionately 
long,  stands  in  a  room  surrounded  by  admiring  spectators.  He  rests  his 
r.  hand  on  the  head  of  a  foppish  young  man  in  regimentals.  An  elderly 
officer  (1.)  stands  on  a  chair  inspecting  him  through  a  spy-glass.  A  young 
man  in  riding-dress  holds  out  one  enormously  thick  leg,  his  other  leg 
being  thin.  A  fat  lady  (r)  clutches  the  giant's  coat.  A  fat  parson  gazes  up 
at  him  and  a  dog  fawns  on  his  r.  leg.  A  buxom  courtesan  enters  through 
a  door  on  the  1.  On  the  wall  is  a  placard :  The  Surprising  Irish  Collossus. 
King  of  the  Giants  Measuring  Eight  Feet  Five  ( ?)  Inches  ,  .  .  Noble  Order 
of  S  Patrick. 

A  portrait  of  Patrick  Cotter,  who  called  himself  O'Brien,  claiming 
descent  from  Brian,  king  of  Ireland.  He  exhibited  himself  in  England 
from  c,  1779  to  1804.  D.N.B.y  where  this  print  (presumably)  is  called  an 
engraving  by  T.  Smith;  Kay,  ii.  1 15-17. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  154.* 
8fxi2jin. 

6857  THE  WONDERFUL  PIG. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Published  by  S.  W.  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly  April  12^^  lyS^, 

Engraving.  A  semicircle  of  spectators,  seated  and  standing,  crowded  one 
behind  the  other,  watch  the  performance  of  the  pig,  who  stands  before  a 
row  of  initial  letters,  one  of  which  he  holds  in  his  mouth.  Over  the 
chimney-piece  is  a  placard,  The  Surprising  PIG  well  versed  in  all  Languages, 
perfect  Arethmatician  Mathematician  &  Composer  of  Musick.  On  the  r. 
wall  of  the  room  hangs  a  large  shoe. 

The  learned  pig  caused  a  sensation  in  1784  and  later,  see  Nos.  6715, 
7214.  Cf.  Southey,  Letters  of  Espriella,  1807,  iii.  49:  *the  learned  pig  was 
in  his  day  a  far  greater  object  of  admiration  to  the  English  nation  than  ever 
was  Sir  Isaac  Newton.'  See  also  Boswell,  Johnson,  ed.  Hill  and  Powell, 
iv,  1934,  pp.  373,  547  f. 
8i|xi3i^6in. 

^  Grego  cites  Capt.  E.  Thompson's  Diary  under  date  18  Nov.  1784,  but  the 
passage  relates  to  Charles  Byrne,  1761-83,  with  whom  Cotter  is  often  confused. 

259 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6857  A  Another  impression,  with  the  additional  imprint,  &  F.  Clarkson 
N°  73  S^  Pauls  Church  Yard,  is  in  Banks  Collection,  i,  fol.  8i,  B.M.L. 
1890.  e.  15. 


6858  AEROSTATION  OUT  AT  ELBOWS— OR  THE  ITINERANT 
AERONAUT. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  5  Sep'  lySs  by  T.  Cornell  Bruton  Street, 

Engraving.  Lunardi,  slim  and  handsome,  walks  diagonally  towards  the 
spectator  from  the  r.,  supported  on  a  staff,  his  1.  hand  held  out  as  if  begging. 
On  his  back  is  his  collapsed  balloon,  a  large  bundle  from  which  project  a 
net  and  two  oars  or  propellers.  His  dress  is  fashionable  but  ragged.  In  the 
background  are  trees  and  a  church.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Behold  an  Hero  comely  tall  and  fair! 
His  only  Food  Phlogisticated  Air! 
Now  on  the  Wings  of  Mighty  Winds  he  rides! 
Now  torn  thro'  Hedges! — Dash'd  in  Oceans  tides! 
Now  drooping  roams  about  from  Town  to  Town 
Collecting  Pence  f  inflate  his  poor  Balloon; 
Pity  the  Wight  and  something  to  him  give. 
To  purchase  Gas  to  keep  his  Frame  alive. 

Lunardi's  balloon  made  several  ascents  in  1785 :  from  St.  George's  Fields 
29  June  (when  he  filled  the  balloon  but  did  not  ascend,  allowing  Biggin  to 
take  his  place),  9  Aug.  from  Liverpool,  5  Oct.  from  Edinburgh.  Cf.  No. 
6880.  Phlogiston  was  the  name  given  by  Priestley  to  oxygen,  cf.  No.  7887. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  164  (reproduction,  p.  163).  Reproduced,  Paston, 
pi.  cxxvii. 

9fx8f  in. 


6858  a  Reissued  1786  with  the  imprint,  Pu¥  March  24^^  1786  by 
E  Jackson  N"  14  Marylebone  Street  Golden  Square. 


6859  COPPER  PLATE  PRINTERS  AT  WORK. 

Rowlandson  178^ 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  workshop,  a  low  room  with  raftered  ceiling 
and  casement  window  (r.).  Prints  hang  to  dry  on  lines  stretched  below 
the  roof.  A  stout  man  (1.)  turns  the  press,  using  both  hands  and  a  knee 
and  leaning  back  to  pull  at  the  lever.  A  boy  takes  a  sheet  from  the  press. 
Under  the  window  (r.)  two  men  are  inking  plates.  In  the  1.  corner  is  a  dog. 
An  elderly  man  (artist  or  connoisseur)  wearing  a  hat  and  spectacles  inspects 
a  print  with  a  scowl. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  167. 

5ix6|in. 

260 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1785 

6860  BY  AUTHORITY. 

PERSONS  AND  PROPERTY  PROTECTED. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Published  by  S.  W.  Fores  Carracature  Ware-House  N°  3  Piccadilly 
London — Nov"  24^  lyS^ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  mail-coach,  driven 
r.  to  L,  is  overturning,  the  off  back  wheel  having  fallen  off.  The  near  horse 
is  falling,  the  other  rears  violently.  The  driver  has  dropped  the  reins  and 
holds  up  his  arms;  he  is  hidden  by  the  guard  seated  on  his  1.  w^ho  falls 
backwards,  his  blunderbuss  is  going  off  and  shatters  the  roof  of  the  coach, 
causing  letters  and  letter-bags  to  fly  into  the  air.  A  pistol  at  his  side  is  also 
going  off;  it  fires  point-blank  at  the  bare  posteriors  of  an  elderly  woman 
who  has  fallen  head  downwards,  screaming,  her  person  much  exposed ;  she 
was  apparently  an  outside  passenger.  A  man  puts  his  head  and  arms  out 
of  the  coach-window,  shouting  in  terror.  On  the  centre  panel  of  the  coach 
and  above  the  Royal  Arms  is  inscribed  The  Mail  Coach;  on  each  side 
panel,  GR.  In  the  background  (r.)  is  a  signpost  pointing  to  the  1.,  To  Bath, 

The  mail  coach,  with  its  guard  seated  on  the  box,  was  instituted  in  1784 
in  the  face  of  much  obstruction ;  no  outside  passengers  were  to  be  carried. 
The  coaches  were  first  tried  on  the  London-Bristol  road,  and  were  rapidly 
extended.  D.N.B.  s.v.  John  Palmer. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  168-9. 
8|xi2fin. 

6861  FILLIAL  AFFECTION,  OR  A  TRIP  TO  GRETNA  GREEN.' 

[Dec.  1785] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).  An  eloping  couple 
drive  headlong  in  a  coach  and  four  (r.  to  1.)  pursued  by  an  angry  father 
on  a  galloping  horse  who  shakes  his  whip  at  them.  He  is  followed  by  three 
grooms  on  horseback.  The  man  leans  from  the  off  window  of  the  coach, 
the  lady  from  the  near  window;  both  aim  pistols  at  the  father  who  is  close 
behind  them.  Two  postilions  ride  the  near  horses.  A  signpost  (r.)  points 
To  Gretna  Green.  A  group  of  trees  and  a  cloud  of  dust  form  the  back- 
ground. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  171,  where  the  companion  print,  The  Reconcilia- 
tion^ or  the  Return  from  Scotland^  published  17  Dec.  1785,  by  W.  Hinton, 
is  reproduced  (p.  172). 
lojx  17  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  145. 

6862  INTRUSION  ON  STUDY  OR  THE  PAINTER  DISTURBED. 
[Rowlandson.] 

[Pub.  S.  W.  Fores.  30  November,  1785]* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  an  artist's  studio.  A 
young  man  is  seated  in  an  armchair  at  his  easel,  with  palette  and  brushes. 

*  Imprint  apparently  cut  off.    Not  to  be  confused  with  Rowlandson's  Trip  to 
Gretna  Green,  181 1. 
2  Imprint  cut  off. 

261 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

On  the  canvas  is  a  classical  scene:  a  goddess  surrounded  by  naked 
infants.  His  nude  model  (r.)  reclines  sleepily  on  a  sofa  (r.),  holding  a  piece 
of  drapery.  Her  hat,  shoes,  and  garments  are  beside  her.  Two  men  enter 
(1.)  through  a  door:  a  young  man  in  riding-dress  who  stares  at  the  model, 
an  elderly  man  who  holds  up  his  hand  in  apparent  disapproval.  The 
painter  turns  round  as  if  to  prevent  their  entry.  On  the  wall  sketches  are 
pinned  (suggesting  the  art  of  the  history-painter).  There  is  also  a  statuette 
on  a  bracket  (r.).  The  room  is  lit  by  a  window  on  the  painter's  1.  Cf. 
No.  6724. 

Grego,  RowlandsoHf  i.  170.  (Reproduction,  p.  169.) 
7^  X  1 1  j®6  in.  *  Caricatures',  ix.  11. 

6863  AN  ESSAY  ON  THE  SUBLIME  &  BEAUTIFUL. 
[Rowlandson.] 

[Pub.  I  Oct.  1785  by  T.  Cornell  Bruton  Street]' 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  two  designs  on  the  same  plate, 
see  No.  6864.  A  cobbler  (1.)  preaches  in  a  bare,  raftered  room  with  a  case- 
ment window.  He  stands  behind  a  reading-desk  on  which  is  a  large,  open 
book,  leaning  forward,  pointing,  gesticulating,  and  shouting.  The  heads 
of  his  congregation,  old  men  and  women,  are  below  and  on  the  r.  The  title 
is  from  Burke's  book,  A  Philosophical  Enquiry  into  the  origin  of  our  Ideas 
of  the  Sublime  and  the  Beautiful  (1756). 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  160  (reproduction). 
8^  X  6  in. 

6864  THE  MAIDEN  SPEECH. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  design  to  No.  6863  on  the 
same  plate.  A  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons  showing  the  corner  of  the 
clerks'  table  (L),  the  benches  on  the  r.  crowded  with  members,  and  part 
of  the  gallery  above,  with  two  persons  looking  over.  The  new  member 
stands,  knees  bent,  hat  in  his  1.  hand,  right  hand  extended;  his  attitude 
and  expression  convey  the  impression  of  a  halting  and  embarrassed  speech. 
He  is  in  full  dress,  with  sword  and  bag-wig.  The  members  listen  with 
expressions  of  contemptuous  amusement  or  boredom. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  165. 
8^x6iin. 

6865  THE  SAD  DISCOVERY  OR  THE  GRACELESS  APPRENTICE. 
Rowlandson  lyS^ 

[Pub.  30  Nov.  1785  by  J.  R.  Smith,  83  Oxford  Street.]' 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  bedroom.  A  young  man  crawls  from  under 
a  large  four-post  bed  on  which  a  young  woman  is  kneeling,  holding  up  her 
arms  in  supplication  towards  an  elderly  man  and  woman  in  night  attire 
who  have  entered  from  the  r.  behind  a  watchman  and  a  man  with  a 
blunderbuss;  the  latter  kneels,  pointing  his  weapon  at  the  apprentice.  The 
*  Imprint  cut  off,  supplied  from  Grego. 
262 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL   SATIRES   1785 

watchman  puts  his  staff  under  the  bed  to  push  out  the  apprentice;  his 
lantern  stands  on  the  floor  beside  him. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  70. 
7fxiiiin. 

6866  COMFORT  IN  THE  GOUT.  [1785] 

Rowlandson 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fat  man  (1.)  seated  in  an  arm-chair, 
his  swathed  1.  leg  supported  on  a  stool,  his  crutches  and  an  open  Treatise 
on  Gout  beside  him.  A  meretricious-looking  young  woman  bends  over 
him,  putting  her  r.  hand  on  his  r.  shoulder  and  holding  his  1.  hand.  A 
young  woman  of  disreputable  appearance  pours  out  wine  for  him.  A  foot- 
man in  livery  (r.)  is  about  to  put  a  large  tureen  on  a  dinner-table  (r.).  A  fat 
man  is  seen  through  an  open  door.  A  dog  and  cat  lie  together  in  the  fore- 
ground. Behind  the  man's  chair  are  the  curtains  of  a  bed.  Probably  one 
of  the  establishments  in  King's  Place,  cf .  No.  6764,  &c.  Similar  in  character 
and  probably  a  companion  print  to  No.  6867. 

Reissued,  i  July  1802. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  156  (reproduction). 
8|x  i2fg  in.  *  Caricatures',  ix.  15. 

6867  A  CULLY  PILLAG'D.  [1785] 

Rowlandson 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  cully,  a  thin,  middle-aged  man, 
stands  terrified  in  a  squalid  bedroom  between  a  bully  (1.)  and  a  young 
prostitute  (r.)  seated  on  a  bed.  The  bully  takes  him  by  the  shoulders,  the 
woman  picks  his  pocket.  An  overturned  chair,  a  cat  in  a  water-jug,  and  a 
rat  eating  from  a  plate  on  the  floor  add  to  the  squalid  disorder.  Similar  in 
character  and  probably  a  companion  print  to  No.  6866. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  167. 
8j^gX  iij  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  14. 

6868  NAP  IN  THE  COUNTRY, 
Rowlandson  1785. 

London  Pu¥  by  S.  Aiken.  N""  3  Dufours  Place,  Broad  Street  Soho. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  two  designs  on  the  same  plate, 
see  No.  6869.  A  young  woman  lies  under  a  tree  asleep,  partly  supported 
by  a  small  beer  barrel;  a  rake  is  beside  her.  Next  her  a  young  man  sits  up 
yawning  and  stretching.  A  dog  sits  beside  them ;  in  the  distance  are  sheep. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  175. 
6Jx8^|in.  'Caricatures',  X.  171. 

6869  NAP  IN  TOWN. 

Rowlandson  1783, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6868  on  the 
same  plate.   A  young  woman  (r.)  lies  full  length  on  a  sofa;  next  her  in 

263 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  opposite  corner  of  the  sofa  is  an  elderly  man  in  regimentals,  also  asleep. 
The  feet  of  both  rest  on  a  chair  (1.).  A  cat  sleeps  on  the  floor. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  175.  'Caricatures',  x.  171. 

6ftx8iiin. 

6870  COURTSHIP  IN  HIGH  LIFE  [15  Dec.  1785]^ 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales 
(r.),  wearing  his  star,  kneels  at  the  feet  of  a  lady  (1.),  his  r.  hand  holds  her 
1.  hand,  his  1.  hand  is  on  his  breast.  The  lady  wears  a  large  feathered  hat 
and  has  some  resemblance  to  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  cf.  No.  6263,  &c., 
none  to  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6871  on  the  same 
plate. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTif  i.  170. 
8f  X7ig  in.  'Caricatures*,  x.  180. 

6871  COURTSHIP  IN  LOW  LIFE  [15  Dec.  1785]' 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).    A  sailor  with  a 
wooden  leg  and  a  good-looking  young  woman  of  meretricious  appearance 
sit  side  by  side  on  a  barrel ;  he  pours  wine  into  a  glass.  A  companion  print 
to  No.  6870  on  the  same  plate. 
Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  170-1. 
8fX7in.  'Caricatures*,  X.  180. 

6872  INTRODUCTION. 

[Attributed  to  Rowlandson,  perhaps  by  Kingsbury.] 

London  Published  as  the  Act  directs  ii  Aug^  ^7^5  ty  ^'  Hinton 
N°  5  Sweetings  Alley  CornhilL 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  luxuriously  furnished 
room.  A  young  woman  (r.),  fashionably  dressed,  looks  down  demurely  as 
she  receives  the  eager  advances  of  an  elderly  and  toothless  man  wearing 
a  bag- wig  and  sword  and  the  ribbon  of  an  order.  He  covertly  gives  a  purse 
to  a  fat  and  elaborately  dressed  bawd  who  stands  behind  him. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  162-3. 
9iXi3Am. 

6873  DELPINI  A  LA  ROSSI. 
yS  [Sayers.] 

Published  26^^  April  lyS^  by  Ja'  Bretherton 

Engraving.  Delpini,  dressed  as  a  woman,  both  arms  held  above  his  head, 
runs  forward  in  profile  to  the  1.  imitating  a  dancer.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched:  ^' Grace  was  in  all  her  Steps"  &c. 

For  Delpini,  stage  manager  and  actor  in  pantomime,  see  No.  5361. 
Mme  Rossi  was  the  leading  dancer  at  the  opera  in  the  spring  of  1785. 
(Advertisements  in  Public  Advertiser.) 

ioix8in. 

'  Publication-line  cut  off. 

264 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

6874  THE  BUM  SHOP. 
RR  delin.   [?  Rushworth.] 

London  Published  July  11*^  1785,  by  S.  W,  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  fashionably  dressed  shopmen 
supply  ladies  with  pads  to  extend  their  dresses  at  the  back.  Two  other 
ladies  have  already  been  fitted ;  a  fifth,  who  is  buxom,  sits  on  a  stool  clasp- 
ing an  inflated  specimen  at  which  she  smiles  with  satisfaction.  Various 
types  of  these  pads  or  'derrieres'  hang  on  the  wall,  and  a  pile  lies  on  the 
ground  (r.).  A  dog,  shaved  in  the  French  manner  showing  very  thin  hind- 
quarters, is  begging.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved :  Derriere  begs  leave  to 
submit  to  the  attention  of  that  most  indulgent  part  of  the  Public  the  Ladies  in 
general^  and  more  especially  those  to  whom  Nature  in  a  slovenly  moment  has 
been  niggardly  in  her  distribution  of  certain  lovely  Endowments,  his  much 
improved  {aridce  nates)  or  Dried  Bums  so  justly  admired  for  their  happy 
resemblance  to  nature.  Derriere  flatters  himself  that  he  stands  unrivalled  in 
this  fashionable  article  of  female  Invention,  he  having  spared  neither  pains  nor 
expence  in  procuring  every  possible  information  on  the  subject,  to  render  himself 
competent  to  the  artfully  supplying  this  necessary  appendage  of  female  excellence. 

A  reversion  to  the  fashion  which  produced  the  *  cork-rump',  see  No. 
5381,  &c.  The  1785  model,  however,  is  an  inflated  petticoat,  resembling 
part  of  a  crinoline  and  is  adapted  to  a  less  formal  type  of  dress  than  that 
of  1776-7.  It  was  described  as  a  'fashionable  circumvallation  of  tow  and 
whalebone'.  Town  and  Country  Mag.,  1787,  p.  538.  It  was  balanced  by 
a  gauze  projection  covering  the  breast.  The  extravagance  of  these  fashions 
was  long  remembered,  Southey  describes  them  in  1807:  'there  were  pro- 
tuberances on  the  hips  called  bustlers,  another  behind  which  was  called 
in  plain  language  a  rump,  and  a  merry-thought  of  wire  on  the  breast  to 
puff  out  the  handkerchief  like  a  pouting  pigeon.'  Letters  of  Espriella,  ii. 
335.   See  No.  7099,  &c. 

Described  by  Angelo,  Reminiscences,  1904,  i.  326-7,  who  attributes  it 
to  Rushworth,  a  counsellor.  Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  der  Kari" 
katur,  1906,  p.  284. 

ioiixi7|in. 

6875  THE  ROMP. 

RR  delin:  [?  Rushworth.] 

Publishehed  [sic]  Dec""  23^  1785,  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware- 
house N^  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  boxing  scene  from  The  Romp,  Act 
II,  between  Young  Cockney  (1.)  and  Priscilla  Tomboy.  They  face  each 
other  with  clenched  fists.  Young  Cockney  is  fashionably  dressed  and 
portly,  Priscilla 's  large  hat  and  mittens  are  on  the  floor.  Behind  her  (r.) 
stands  Captain  Sightley  in  regimentals  and  Miss  La  Blond  wearing  a  large 
hat  which  conceals  her  face.  Behind  them  on  the  extreme  r.  is  a  folding 
screen.  Framed  pictures  decorate  the  wall. 

Mrs.  Jordan  made  her  first  appearance  at  Drury  Lane  on  18  Oct.  1785; 
during  her  first  season  she  played  Priscilla  Tomboy,  &c.,  and  was  estab- 
lished in  public  favour.  In  this  performance  Dodd  played  Young  Cockney, 
Barrymore,   Sightley,  and  Miss  Barnes,   Miss  La  Blond.     The  Romp 

265 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

(B.M.L.  1344.  c.  11)  and  D.N.B.  The  comic  opera  (altered  from  Bicker- 
staff  e's  Love  in  the  City  for  the  Dublin  stage  c.  1780)  became  a  favourite 
owing  to  Mrs.  Jordan's  acting.  Baker,  Biog.  Draftt.   Cf.  No.  7910. 

Reissued  with  the  date  altered  to  Jany  3  iy86. 
ioJXi6i  in. 

6876  AN  IRISH  NODDY. 
J.  Nixon  1785 

Pub  by  W  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Str*. 

Aquatint.  A  clumsy  and  ramshackle  two-wheeled  chaise  numbered  65, 
with  a  folding  hood  (raised)  and  a  broken  wheel,  is  driven  (1.  to  r.)  along 
the  sea-shore.  The  driver  sits  on  the  hind-quarters  of  the  horse,  flourishing 
his  whip ;  the  reins  are  of  rope.  A  stout  woman  fills  the  interior.  In  the 
distance  (r.)  a  similar  chaise  is  driven  r.  to  1.,  the  driver  seated  on  the  front 
of  the  vehicle.  In  the  distance  (1.)  is  a  jetty  with  a  lighthouse;  beside  it  is 
a  ship,  probably  the  English  packet.   Behind  are  low  mountains. 

The  jetty  is  probably  the  South  Bull  leading  to  the  Pigeon  House,  the 
harbour  and  landing-place  for  packets,  with  Howth  beyond.  The  sands  are 
Blackrock  Sands,  a  promenade  for  Dubliners.  A  noddy  was  a  two- 
wheeled  chaise,  plying  in  the  streets  of  Dublin.  Twiss,  Tour  in  Ireland^ 
1776,  p.  280.   The  word  was  also  used  in  Scotland,  O.E.D. 

Reproduced,  C.  Maxwell,  Dublin  under  the  Georges,  1936,  p.  255. 
4/6X7Jin. 

6877  [EASTER  TUESDAY  OR  THE  PARISH-MEETING   DIN- 
NER. [?  c.  1785] 

Designed  by  J.  Dunthome,  EtcKd  by  T.  Rozvlandson.y 

Engraving.  Vestrymen,  parish  officers,  and  others  surround  a  table,  some 
seated  some  standing,  savagely  gormandizing  and  shamelessly  competing 
for  the  food.  A  stout  woman  enters  (1.)  carrying  on  a  dish  a  large  sucking- 
pig  at  which  a  fat  parson  beside  her  points  angrily,  presumably  because  he 
thinks  he  has  been  defrauded  of  a  tithe-pig  (cf.  No.  6737).  A  man  brings 
in  a  large  cheese.  A  maidservant  descends  the  stairs,  seen  through  the 
open  door,  carrying  a  large  tureen. 

Through  a  casement  window  (r.)  is  seen  a  crowd  of  the  parish  poor;  some 
scowl,  a  man  with  crutches  puts  his  hand  through  the  window  begging. 
An  angry  beadle  with  a  staff  and  badged  sleeve  threatens  him  with  his  fist. 
The  room  is  either  a  vestry-room  or  a  room  in  one  of  the  new  county 
workhouses  which  were  built  after  1776.  On  the  walls  are  placards  headed 
Benifit  Club  and  King  Charles  Rules  Make  no  long  Meals,  also  a  Plan  of  a 
County  Workhouse,  a  gabled  building  with  a  high  paling.  A  grandfather 
clock  (r.)  points  to  1.30.  Against  it  lie  two  beadle's  staves.  On  a  shelf  a 
book  of  Poor  Laws  lies  on  the  top  of  a  Bible.  On  a  small  table  (r.)  an  ink- 
pot stands  on  two  books,  one  inscribed  Poors  Rates.  Above  the  door  (1.) 
hangs  a  wicker  cage,  from  which  a  bird,  perhaps  dead  from  hunger,  pro- 
trudes its  head. 

A  satire  on  the  greed  and  callousness  of  clergy,  vestrymen,  and  parish 
officers,  and  on  their  self-interested  administration  of  the  Poor  Laws. 
12JX19I  in. 

*  From  an  impression  in  the  collection  of  Mr.  Minto  Wilson. 
266 


PERSONAL  AND   SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 
6878  THE  COUNTRY  JUSTICE. 
G.  M.  Woodward  Delin.  R.  Cooper  Sculp. 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs  July,  10. 1785.  by  G.  M.  Woodward  N"  28. 
Gary  Street  Lincolns  Inn.  London. 

Stipple.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6879.  Design  in  a  circle.  The  justice 
(1.),  wearing  clerical  bands,  sits  in  an  armchair,  his  gouty  1.  leg  resting  on 
a  stool,  a  crutch  under  his  r.  arm.  A  countryman  stands  facing  him,  hat 
in  hand.  Between  and  behind  them  another  man  stands  full-face,  his  head 
bandaged,  his  hands  in  his  pockets.  A  fashionably  dressed  clerk  stands 
beside  the  justice,  who  rests  his  1.  elbow  on  a  small  writing-table  from 
which  hangs  a  document  inscribed  This  Indenture  \  Ecouter  \  ma  Fille 
ouvrez  \  les  yeux  &  soyez  |  attentive  aux  \  conseils.  A  bookcase  is  on  the  r. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Clown. 
Pd  have  your  Reverend  Worship  knowy 
*Twas  he  that  gave  me  the  First  hloWy 
To  take  such  rubs  I  did  dispise^ 

And  in  return  clos'd  up  his  eyeSy  » 

Your  Honor  cant  think  me  to  blame. 
Your  worship  would  have  done  the  same. 


Diam.,  9I  in. 


Justice. 
Right — you  are  very  right  Friend  John, 
Pay  for  the  Warranty — and  be  gone. 


6878a  a  (coloured)  reissue  (cropped):  Published  Sep'  5^*  ^78 5y  by 
S.  W.  ForeSy  at  his  Caracature  WarehousCy  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

6879  THE  NIGHT  CONSTABLE. 

G.  M.  Woodward  Delin.  R.  Cooper  Sculp. 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs  July.  10.  1785  by  G.  M.  Woodward  AT**  28 
Carey  Street  Lincolns  Inn  London. 

Stipple.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6878.  Design  in  a  circle.  The  interior 
of  a  watch-house.  A  burly  watchman  stands  (1.)  facing  an  elderly  constable 
who  sits  frowning  in  his  arm-chair.  He  holds  out  a  broken  lantern  and 
points  to  a  thin,  fashionably  dressed,  and  apparently  drunken  man  who 
stands  beside  him  with  closed  eyes,  holding  a  large  stick  in  his  1.  hand. 
Next  the  constable  is  a  clerk  writing  at  a  desk.  The  room  is  lit  by  a  lantern 
slung  from  the  roof.  A  map  on  the  wall  apparently  represents  the  roads 
of  the  parish  and  the  beats  of  the  watchmen.  A  fire  bums  in  a  grate  (r.). 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Watchman. 

This  wicked  dog  did  lift  his  handy 
First  knocked  me  dowUy  then  bid  me  stand; 
The  peaceful  neighbours  he  awokcy 
And  then  the  Knave  my  lanthorn  broke, 

267 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

At  which  the  Villain  loud  did  Laughs 
So  down  I  knocked  him  with  my  staff. 

Constable. 

If  so: — you  Justice  did  yourself y 
Therefore  begone  thou  prating  Elf. 

For  the  tricks  played  by  watchmen  on  those  whom  they  falsely  charged 
with  having  broken  their  lanterns  cf.  Fielding,  Amelia j  Book  I,  Chap.  II, 
and  No.  5618. 
Diam.,  9I  in. 


6879  A  A  coloured  impression,  cropped :  Published  Sep^  8^^  178 5y  by 
S.  W.  ForeSy  at  the  Caracature  WarehousCy  N^  3  Piccadilly. 


6880  SIG.  L— N— RD— 'S  GRAND  TRIUMPHAL  ENTRY  INTO 
TOTTENHAM  COURT  ROAD  TAKEN  ON  THE  SPOT  MAY  13 
1785 

Pub  by  R  Haraden  N^  85  Tottenr^  O  Road. 

Engraving.  A  crowd  surrounds  Luhardi  who  is  carried  on  the  shoulders 
of  a  group  of  men:  he  waves  his  hat  and  smiles.  On  the  extreme  1.  a 
portion  of  his  balloon  is  visible,  obscuring  the  *Adam  and  Eve'  public 
house,  indicated  by  its  projecting  sign  of  Adam  and  Eve  with  the  apple, 
inscribed  W.  Shaw.  A  tattered  banner  waves.  A  ragged  chimney-sweep  ( ?), 
holding  a  small  boy  before  him,  rides  an  ass.  In  the  foreground  are  a  milk- 
woman  with  a  pail,  a  butcher,  and  a  stout  man  holding  up  a  courtesan  to 
see  Lunardi.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

An  adventerous  stripling  so  sweet  Ovid  Sings 
Had  the  boldness  to  Soar  once  on  two  mighty  Wings. 
Unguided  by  Judgment  and  wandring  too  high 
He  met  his  Just  fate  and  was  plungd  from  the  Sky 
See  first  Voyage  pc^.  65.^ 

The  mob  appears  good-natured,  but  is  said  to  have  been  *a  good  deal 
exasperated,  and  Lunardi,  not  without  some  hazard,  escaped  from  their 
fury\  London  Chronicky  1785,  14  May.  The  ascent  was  made  from  the 
Artillery  Ground ;  in  less  than  half  an  hour  the  balloon  burst  and  descended 
near  the  Adam  and  Eve  Tea  Gardens.  Ibid.  Cf.  No.  6858. 

Banks  Collection,  i,  fol.  35.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15. 

A  print,  Lunardi  Downfall  in  Totnamcourt  Road  (4jX3i  in.),  is  in  the 
same  collection,  fol.  35.  The  ascent  from  the  Artillery  Ground  on  15  Sept. 
is  the  subject  of  two  prints,  ibid.,  fol.  30. 

*  A  quotation  from  *An  Epistle  to  Sig.  Vincenzo  Lunardi'  printed  in  his  Account 
of  the  first  Aerial  Voyage  in  England,  1784.   It  continues: 

And  all  that  the  world  from  this  tale  have  been  able 
To  learn,  was,  to  give  false  Ambition  a  fable. — 
But  from  flights  such  as  yours  we've  reason  to  hope 
Philosophy  one  Day  may  gain  wider  scope,  .  .  . 

268 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

6881  [THE  ORIGIN  OF  THE  GOUT] 
[From  a  drawing  with  a  Pen  by  H.  Bunbury.] 
[Published  by  J.  Jones  Great  Portland  Street  April  20.  1785.] 

Engraving.  Proof  before  letters.  A  gouty  and  obese  man  (r.)  seated  in  a 
chair  plays  the  *cello.  Both  legs  are  swathed,  the  feet  wrapped  in  slashed 
coverings;  the  r.  leg  rests  on  a  stool.  The  Devil  (1.),  hat  in  hat,  holds  in 
a  pair  of  tongs  a  cinder  against  the  r.  knee.  Bottles  and  glasses  stand  on  a 
table.  A  pair  of  crutches  lean  against  the  chair.  The  hands  of  a  wall-clock 
point  to  12.25.  Title,  &c.  are  from  pencil  notes  on  the  print. 
7ftX9jin. 

6882  A  BARBERS  SHOP. 

From  an  Original  Drawing  by  H.  Bunbury  Esq^  in  the  Possession  of 
S^  Joshua  ReynoldSy  to  whom  this  plate  is  Inscribed^  by  his  much 
obliged  <Sf  most  humble  Servant^  John  Jones. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs y  May  12.  lyS^y  by  J,  Jones y  Great  Portland 
Street  &  W.  Dickensony  No  158  Bond  Street. 

Stipple.  A  scene  in  a  barber's  shop  during  the  Westminster  Election  of 
1784.  The  centre  figure  is  a  man  seated,  full-face,  swathed  in  a  sheet, 
while  a  boy  (1.)  applies  tongs  to  his  hair,  which  a  man  (r.)  is  combing. 
From  the  pocket  of  the  boy  protrudes  a  label  inscribed  Hood;  from  that 
of  the  other,  [Wr]ay.  On  the  ground  projecting  from  the  sheet  is  [F]ox. 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  a  customer  is  seated,  clasping  his  bald  head  with  a 
concerned  expression  as  he  reads  a  newspaper;  behind  his  head  is  a  notice. 
State  of  the  Poll.  Two  men,  their  hair  freshly  curled,  stand  in  profile  to 
the  1.  before  a  looking-glass  (1.)  adjusting  their  cravats.  On  the  extreme 
r.  a  barber  shaves  a  man  whose  face  is  lathered;  the  barber's  apron  is 
inscribed  Success  to  the  Poll.  Next,  a  stout  man  wearing  top-boots,  standing 
full-face,  turning  his  head  upwards  and  in  profile  to  the  1.,  stanches  a  cut 
on  his  cheek  with  a  towel.  A  boy  stands  beside  him  holding  a  barber's 
basin.  In  the  centre  foreground  two  dogs  tug  at  a  bag- wig;  one  (1.)  wears 
a  Hood  &  Wray  favour,  the  other  a  Fox  favour.  A  large  hat  on  the  ground 
has  a  Hood  and  Wray  favour.  A  barber's  block  has  been  overturned  (1.). 
On  another  (1.)  is  a  wig.  Wigs  and  wig-boxes  decorate  the  back  wall.  For 
the  Westminster  Election  see  No.  6474,  &c.  Cf.  Gillray's  last  plate  after 
Bunbury 's  A  Barber'' s  Shop  in  Assize  Titne. 
18x251  in. 

6882  A  A  smaller  version  engraved  by  C.  Knight  was  published  21  Apr. 
1802  by  Jn°  Harris.  The  inscriptions  relating  to  the  election  are  omitted. 
I2jxi7iin. 

A  French  copy  by  David  Weiss  was  engraved  in  1785 ;  a  small  copy  of 
this  was  published  in  France  in  1789  with  the  title  Le  Perruquier  Patriate , 
and  the  inscription : 

Au  sort  de  la  Patrie  oui  mon  coeur  s' inter  esse 
Que  Von  me  laisse  fairCy  il  n^ est  plus  de  debat: 
Je  Rase  le  ClergCy  je  peigne  la  NoblessCy 
J'accomode  le  Tiers-Etat. 

269 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Coloured  impression  in  Print  Room, 
de  Vinck,  No.  2813.  Blum,  No.  15. 
3x41  in. 

6883  CITY  FOULERS.— MARK!— 
H,  Bunhury  Esc[  delK  J.  Jones  fecit. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Sepr  J*'  lyS^.  by  J.  Jones,  AT"  6j,  Great 
Portland  Street,  Marylebone. 

Stipple.  A  wooded  scene  in  the  immediate  suburbs  of  London,  with  St. 
Paul's  in  the  background.  Two  *cits'  with  guns  prepare  to  fire,  since  their 
dog  points  at  a  bush,  behind  which,  concealed  from  the  sportsmen,  squats 
a  man  excreting  (1.).  A  man  holding  a  powder-flask  watches  with  amuse- 
ment from  the  top  of  a  gate  (r.).  Another  dog  sits  in  the  foreground  (r.). 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Against  the  Wind  he  takes  his  prudent  way. 
While  the  strong  Gale  directs  him  to  the  prey; 
Now  the  warm  scent  assures  the  covey  near. 
He  treads  with  caution  &  he  points  with  fear. 

Gay, 

clausisque  expectat  ocellis 

GunTTov: 

For  the  favourite  theme  of  the  Cockney  sportsman  cf.  Nos.  7756,  8208. 
lojx  12J  in. 

6883  A  Another  version  (n.d.), 
Rowlandson  scul  H,  Bunbury  Del 

The  verses  are  etched,  the  publication-line  and  Latin  inscription  perhaps 
cut  off.  The  size  of  the  figures  is  approximately  the  same  as  in  No.  6883 . 
9X  I3i  in.  *  Caricatures',  ix.  43. 

6884  SKAITING  SCENE  IN  HYDE  PARK. 
[J.  H.  Grimm  del.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Harrison  &  C"  Feb  i^  1785, 

Engraving.  Wit's  Magazine,  ii.  i.  Men  skating  on  the  Serpentine.  A  stout 
man  lies  on  his  back  across  another  man;  he  receives  the  contents  of  a 
bottle  and  glass,  apparently  dropped  by  a  man  with  a  wooden  leg  who  is 
about  to  fall  on  top  of  him.  A  dog  runs  away ;  two  young  women  stand 
on  the  ice  watching  the  catastrophe.  On  the  bank  (1.)  a  ragged  man  puts 
on  the  skates  of  a  fashionably  dressed  man  seated  on  a  bench  (1.),  his  hands 
in  a  muff.  Behind  is  a  tent  in  which  people  are  drinking.  Small  figures 
skate  in  the  distance ;  a  man  pushes  a  woman  in  a  chair. 

Reproduced,  Johnson's  England,  ed.  A.  S.  Turberville,  i.  184. 

Original  water-colour  drawing  in  Print  Room. 
5 1 X  7i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5441  c. 

6885  SUNDAY  VIEW  ON  HIGHGATE  HILL. 

Published  Oct'  i.  1785, 

Engraving.  Wit's  Magazine,  ii.  155.  A  stout  citizen  drives  his  wife  in 
a  two-wheeled  cart  uphill,  one  wheel  passes  over  a  pig  so  that  the  cart  is 

270 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

about  to  overturn,  while  the  horse  runs  away,  to  the  terror  of  the  occupants. 
An  old  woman  (1.)  shakes  her  fist  at  them,  other  pigs  are  put  to  flight. 
Other  pleasure-seekers  are  bound  in  the  same  direction,  the  object  probably 
being  to  dine  at  an  ordinary,  cf.  No.  6745.  A  coach  has  passengers  on  the 
roof,  including  a  man  with  a  wooden  leg;  two  men  ride  on  the  same  horse, 
one  losing  his  hat  and  wig.  Behind  is  another  couple  in  a  gig.  In  the  back- 
ground (r.)  is  an  inn  indicated  by  a  signboard  which  bestrides  the  road. 
5^X7 J  in.  B.M.L..  P.P.  5441  c. 

Other  plates  in  the  Wit's  Magazine y  vol.  ii,  are: 

Christmas  Gambols,   i  Jan.  1785.^ 

The  Devil  and  the  Lawyer,   i  Mar.  1785. 

The  Breeches.  1  Apr.  1785 .  *  Scene  from  the  Comic  Tale  of  the  Breeches.' 
Monks  in  a  church. 

Custom  of  riding  the  black  ram.  1  June  1785.  Illustration  to  the 
Spectator,  No.  614,  i  Nov.  1714.  (See  Jacob's  Law  Dictionary,  s.v.  Free 
Bench.) 

6886    JOHNNY    GILPIN    OF    CHEAPSIDE,    GOING    FARTHER 
THAN  HE  INTENDED; 

Published  March  25^*  1785  by  L  Wallis,  Ludgate  Street  London, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  Heading  to  Cowper's 
John  Gilpin  printed  in  five  columns.  Gilpin  gallops  (r.  to  1.)  past  the  *Beir 
at  Edmonton  clasping  his  horse's  neck.  In  the  balcony  over  the  door 
Mrs.  Gilpin  holds  up  her  hands  in  horror;  five  other  persons  look  from  the 
balcony.  Two  men  seated  on  a  bench  outside  the  inn  are  laughing.  A  pot- 
boy (1.),  his  pots  slung  on  his  shoulder,  points  at  the  rider,  so  does  a  fish- 
woman,  while  a  dog  eats  her  fish.  Geese  run,  and  a  dog  barks.  Behind  (r.) 
are  a  post-chaise  and  a  row  of  buildings.  The  signpost  with  the  bell  sign 
and  the  words  Good  stabling  stands  by  a  horse-trough.  Beneath  the 
(printed)  title  is  printed,  A  Droll  Story,  Read  by  ikf  Henderson  at  Free- 
mason's-Hall. 

John  Gilpin  was  shown  by  Richard  Sharp  to  Henderson,  who  introduced 
it  into  recitations  in  1785  with  astonishing  success.  It  was  first  published 
in  the  Public  Advertiser  in  1782,  and  appeared  in  various  forms  as  a  chap- 
book  in  1783.  D.N.B.  It  was  also  read  at  Drury  Lane  by  Baddeley 
(chap-book  in  Banks  Coll.  vii.  No.  26),  and  by  Lee  Lewes  (D.N.B).  For 
the  popular  theme  of  city  horsemanship  cf.  No.  7524,  &c.  See  also  Nos, 
6742,  6887-6902,  6906,  7513,  8251.  Cf.  Nos.  6801,  8270. 
7iX9fin.  Broadside,  17X  II J  in. 

Banks  Collection,  vii.  No.  22.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6887  THE  EXTRAORDINARY  AND  FACETIOUS  HISTORY  OF 
JOHN  GILPIN, 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Mar.  2^^  1785.  by  T:  Woodman  & 
H:  MutloWj  Russel  Court,  Covent  Garden. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  Heading  to  Cowper's 

John  Gilpin  printed  in  five  columns,  the  title  also  being  printed.    Gilpin 

gallops  (1.  to  r.)  along  a  country  road,  holding  his  horse's  mane;  his  hat  and 

'  This  plate  faces  p.  441,  vol.  i,  in  the  Print  Room  copy  of  the  magazine. 

271 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

wig  fly  off.  A  turnpike  man  (r.)  opens  a  gate ;  a  donkey  brays  and  a  dog 
barks.  An  apple-woman  (1.),  seated  by  the  roadside  smoking  a  pipe,  points 
at  Gilpin  while  a  boy  steals  her  apples.  In  the  background  are  cheering 
spectators  and  a  house  with  persons  looking  from  the  windows.  The 
ballad  is  'To  the  Tune  of  Chevy  Chase'.  See  No.  6886,  &c. 
7IX9I  in.  Broadside,  lyfx  iif  in. 

Banks  Collection,  vii.  No.  21.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6888  JOHN  GILPIN'S  RACE! 
IC  [Cruikshank]. 

Published  April  5  lyS^  by  W  Holland  66  Drury  Lane 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Heading  to  Cowper's 
John  Gilpin  printed  in  four  columns.  Gilpin  (r.)  gallops  (1.  to  r.)  past  the 
*Beir  at  Edmonton.  Mrs.  Gilpin  and  others  lean  from  a  bow-window  (1.). 
A  crowd  of  riders  (1.)  gallops  in  pursuit;  pigs  and  geese  scatter.  In  the 
background,  on  the  r.  of  the  inn,  are  a  large  sign  (the  *Beir  and  Good 
Stabling)^  a  post-chaise,  a  wagoner  beside  his  covered  wagon,  from  which 
look  spectators,  and  a  man  holding  open  a  turnpike  gate.  Beneath  the 
(printed)  title  is  printed,  Delivered  by  M'  Henderson  with  repeated  Applause^ 
at  Free-Masons-Hall  See  No.  6886,  &c. 
7  X  9ig  in.  Broadside,  lyf  X  io|  in. 

Banks  Collection,  vii,  Nos.  23,  24.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6889  [JOHN  GILPIN] 

Printed  for  J.  Fielding  y  Pater-noster-Row  [c  1785] 

Woodcut.   On  cover  of  chap-book  of  16  pp.:  The  History  of  John  Gilpin^ 
.  .  .  Read  by  M^  Henderson  .  .  .  3rd  ed.   Gilpin  gallops  (1.  to  r.)  along  a 
country  road,  past  a  house  (1.).  See  No.  6886,  &c. 
iJX2f  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii,  No.  27.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6890  [JOHN  GILPIN]  [Apr.  1785] 

Engraving.  Illustration  on  the  outside  [p.  i]  of  a  double  folio  sheet 
engraved  with  music,  p.  2,  and  words,  pp.  j,  ^,  in  two  columns  of  Cowper's 
John  Gilpin  Price  J*  Printed  and  sold  by  John  Welcker  Music  and  Instrument 
Seller  .  ,  ,  N°  18  Coventry  Street  Haymarket.  Gilpin  gallops  (r.  to  1.)  on  a 
country  road,  his  hat  and  wig  falling  off.  In  the  background  are  trees  and 
(r.)  a  toll-gate  with  small  figures.  The  words  are :  as  humourously  delivered 
by  M'  Henderson  with  repeated  applause  at  the  Free  Masons  Tavern. 

Advertised  'this  day  is  published',  in  the  Morning  Posty  19  Apr.  1785. 

See  No.  6886,  &c. 
4^X7  in.  PL  iiX7f  in.       Banks  Coll.  vii,  No.  25.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6891  JOHNNY    GILPIN    OF    CHEAPSIDE,    GOING    FARTHER 
THAN  HE  INTENDED; 

Callings  Fed 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  May  2  1^85  by  W  Humphreys  Strand 

Engraving.  Heading  to  Cowper's  John  Gilpin  printed  in  five  columns 
below  the  (printed)  title.  Gilpin  clutches  the  mane  of  his  galloping  horse ; 

272 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1785 

he  has  lost  his  stirrups,  and  wig  and  hat  fly  into  the  air.  In  the  background 
(1.)  is  an  inn  and  horsemen  on  a  small  scale.  A  boy  runs  after  Gilpin.  After 
the  title  is  printed,  A  Droll  Story,  Read  by  M^  Henderson  at  Freemason's- 
Hall 

See  No.  6886,  &c. 
6f  X9i  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii.  No.  28.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6892  JOHN  GILPIN.    221 

Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  2  June,  lyS^. 

Engraving.  Gilpin  rides  (r.  to  1.)  under  the  balcony  of  the  'Bell'  at  Edmon- 
ton; his  hat  and  wig  fly  into  the  air.  His  wife,  with  two  other  persons, 
leans  from  the  balcony.  A  postilion  stands  at  the  door  leading  to  the  inn- 
yard  (r.)  within  which  is  a  post-chaise.  A  dog  barks,  pigs  run  away. 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved  the  verse  beginning : 

*Stop,  Stop,  John  Gilpin!  here's  the  house  I' 

See  No.  6886,  &c. 
6JX9I  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii.  No.  29.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 


6893-6898 

A  set  of  six  plates,  numbered  i-6,  all  with  the  same  publication- 
line  and  date,  the  first  inscribed  Book  no.  Size  ^.  4i  X  5f  in.  Banks 
Coll.  vii,  No.  31.   B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6893  SIX  PRINTS  FROM  THE  RENOWNED  HISTORY  OF  JOHN 
GILPIN.     I 

Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N^  6g  in  S*  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  25  July  lyS^. 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Gilpin  is  about  to  mount  his  horse  in 
Cheapside.  Behind  is  the  door  of  his  linen-draper's  shop  inscribed  John 
Gilpin;  on  each  side  the  window  displays  patterned  fabrics.  Next  it  (r.) 
is  a  silversmith's  shop  with  a  classical  urn  over  the  door.  Three  ladies, 
his  customers,  stand  outside  Gilpin's  door.  A  fruit-seller  (r.)  sits  in  the 
street  by  her  wares.  The  corner  of  Wood  Street  is  shown  leading  out  of 
Cheapside,  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved  the  verse  beginning : 

For  saddle  tree  scarce  reach' d  had  he. 
See  No.  6886,  &c. 

6894  JOHN  GILPIN    2 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Gilpin  gallops  towards  a  toll-gate  (1.)  which 
a  man  runs  to  open.  Beside  the  gate  is  a  turnstile  for  foot-passengers. 
Beneath  is  engraved  the  verse  ending : 

How,  in  a  trice,  the  turnpike  men 
Their  gates  wide  open  threw. 

273  T 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6895  JOHN  GILPIN.     3 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Gilpin  gallops  (r.  to  1.)  past  the  'Bell*  at 
Edmonton.  His  wife  and  family  watch  from  the  balcony ;  an  inn-servant 
from  the  door.  Dogs  bark  and  spectators  are  amused.  Beneath  is  engraved 
the  verse  beginning : 

Stopf  stop  J  John  Gilpin!  here's  the  house! 

6896  JOHN  GILPIN.     4 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Gilpin  outside  the  callender's  house  in 
Ware.  The  callender  stands  by  the  horse  holding  a  hat,  while  Gilpin  puts 
on  the  over-large  wig.  He  wears  a  dressing-gown.  On  the  steps  of  his 
house,  inside  a  wall  and  railing,  is  a  figure  of  Britannia.  Two  donkeys  (1.) 
complete  the  design.   Beneath  is  engraved  the  verse  beginning : 

Whence  straight  he  came  zvtth  hat  and  zvigy 

6897  JOHN  GILPIN.     5 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Mrs.  Gilpin  (1.)  holds  out  a  coin  to  the 
driver  (r.)  of  her  chaise  who  stands  bowing  deferentially  beside  his  horse. 
Her  sister  and  two  children  stand  behind  her.  In  the  background  is  the 
inn  and  the  chaise.  Beneath  is  engraved  the  verse  beginning: 

Aftd  thus  unto  the  Youth  she  said 


6898  JOHN  GILPIN.     6 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Gilpin  gallops  (r.  to  1.),  the  Youth  on  a 
horse  with  blinkers  has  passed  him  and  is  about  to  seize  his  rein.  Behind 
gallop  five  other  pursuers.  In  the  background  are  two  detached  houses. 
Beneath  is  engraved  the  verse  beginning : 

The  Youth  did  ride,  and  soon  they  met; 


6899  JOHNNY  GILPIN  OF  CHEAPSIDE  GOING  FARTHER  THAN 
HE  INTENDED. 

Engraving.  On  the  same  pi.  as  No.  6900.  Gilpin  gallops  (1.  to  r.)  past  the 
*Beir  at  Edmonton,  which  is  crudely  drawn.   Another  house  is  on  the  1. 
Spectators  watch  from  the  inn  balcony  and  from  the  windows  of  both 
houses ;  others  stand  to  stare,  geese  hiss,  dogs  bark.   See  No.  6886,  &c. 
Sifx^A  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii,  No.  31*.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 


6900  JOHNNY  GILPIN  FINDS  IS  [sic]  HAT  AND  WIG  AND  GETS 
SAFE  HOME  AT  LAST. 

Engraving.   On  the  same  pi.  as  No.  6899.   Gilpin  approaches  a  toll-gate 
(1.).  A  man  holds  out  his  hat  and  wig. 

See  No.  6886,  &c. 
SlX^ie  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii,  No.  31*.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

274 


PERSONAL  AND   SOCIAL  SATIRES    1785 

6901  A  SECOND  HOLIDAY  FOR  JOHN  GILPIN,  OR  A  VOYAGE 
TO  VAUX-HALL,  .  .  . 

Published  as  the  Act  directs^  2  July,  1783,  by  E,  Tringham^  N°  36, 
Hosier  Lane,  West  Smithfield, 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Heading  to  a  set  of  verses,  a  parody  on 
Cowper's  John  Gilpin,  printed  in  five  columns  below  the  (printed)  title. 
John  Gilpin,  his  wife,  and  two  daughters,  in  a  sculler,  collide  with  another 
sculler  in  which  two  men  are  passengers ;  his  hat  has  fallen  into  the  water 
and  he  clutches  his  wig.  In  the  background  are  other  boats,  and  the 
houses  and  hills  of  the  Surrey  side  of  the  Thames.  The  verses  relate  the 
misadventures  of  an  expedition  to  Vauxhall,  and  include  the  stock  subject 
of  the  citizen's  complaint  at  the  dearness  of  the  fare,  cf.  No.  6741. 

See  No.  6902  and  No.  6886,  &c. 
7ix8f  in.  Broadside,  iSJx  iif  in. 

Banks  Coll.  vii.  No.  32.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6902  JOHN  GILPIN  AT  VAUXHALL  [1785] 

Sold  at  N°  4  Aldermary  Church  Yard  London 

Engraving.  Gilpin  and  Mrs.  Gilpin  seated  at  a  Vauxhall  supper-table. 
A  small  boy  stands  in  front  of  the  table.  Next  Mrs.  Gilpin  is  a  younger 
lady.  They  sit  under  two  lamp-lit  trees.  Behind  is  a  row  of  supper-boxes 
and  in  the  background  (r.)  the  covered  walk.  In  the  middle  distance  men 
and  women  are  promenading. 

See  No.  6901  and  No.  6886,  &c.  For  Vauxhall  see  No.  6853. 
6i^gX8J  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii,  No.  33.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6903  KEEP  WITHIN  COMPASS. 

[After  Dighton.] 

$43  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N"  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  act  directs  [date  erased, 
c.  1785]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6907.  Design 
in  a  circle  inset  in  an  oblong.  A  compass,  inscribed  Fear  God,  its  legs 
forming  arcs  of  the  circle,  encloses  the  figure  of  a  young  man  standing  in 
a  rural  landscape ;  he  points  with  his  1.  hand  to  two  sacks  full  of  guineas 
at  his  feet.  In  the  background  is  a  harvest  scene  (1.),  a  stream  with  a  water- 
wheel  (r.),  and  in  the  distance  a  church  (r.)  and  windmill  (1.).  Round  the 
circle  is  inscribed  Keep  within  compass  and  you  shall  be  sure,  to  avoid  many 
troubles  which  others  endure.  Beneath  the  circle.  Industry  Produceth  Wealth. 
Beneath  the  design  are  four  verses,  the  last : 

By  honest  &  Industrious  means 
You'll  live  a  life  of  ease 
Then  let  the  Compass  be  your  guide 
And  go  where  e'er  you  please. 

In  the  four  corners  of  the  oblong  outside  the  circle  are  scenes  showing 
the  fatal  results  of  an  unrestrained  life,  (i)  In  the  upper  1.  comer  a  gambler 

275 


CATALOGUE   OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  seated  by  a  circular  table  on  which  are  cards,  dice,  and  an  empty  money- 
bag; he  puts  his  hand  to  his  forehead  with  a  distraught  expression.  On 
the  wall  behind  his  head  hang  two  pistols  and  through  a  window  is  seen 
a  body  hanging  from  a  gibbet.  (2)  In  the  upper  r.  corner  a  courtesan  robs 
a  young  man  who  is  in  a  drunken  sleep ;  bottles  and  glasses  are  on  a  table. 
(3)  In  the  lower  1.  corner  a  ship  drives  upon  rocks.  (4)  In  the  lower  r. 
corner  three  prisoners  are  seen  through  a  barred  window ;  on  the  wall  is 
a  pair  of  shackles. 
i2fX9|in.  'Caricatures*,  iii.  62. 

6903  A  A  crude  copy  (coloured),  in  reverse,  the  last  only  of  the  four 
verses  being  engraved. 

six 4^  in.  (clipped). 

THE  VICAR  AND  MOSES.  (546)  See  No.  377i— [c-  1785] 

[After  Dighton.] 
Cf.  Nos.  6130,  6721. 

6904  JANUARY  AND  MAY. 

^§2  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
c.  1785]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved.  From 
Pope's  favourite  Poem  of  January  and  May,  or  the  Merchant's  Tale ,  from 
Chaucer.  A  garden  scene.  A  young  woman  (r.)  kneels  on  the  back  of  her 
blind  old  husband,  who  stoops  down,  clasping  the  trunk  of  a  pear-tree  to 
support  her  that  she  may  reach  her  lover  who  sits  in  its  branches  leaning 
towards  her.  The  old  man  is  dressed  in  an  oldfashioned  manner,  with 
wide  cuffs ;  the  other  two  are  fashionably  dressed :  she  wears  a  feathered 
hat  and  long  elbow -gloves ;  the  anchor  of  Hope  is  suspended  from  her  neck 
on  a  ribbon.  He  wears  boots  with  deep  tops,  and  a  round  hat.  In  the  back- 
ground (r.)  is  a  piece  of  water  crossed  by  a  wooden  bridge  with  Chinese 
rails.   Beneath  the  design  are  engraved  eight  lines  from  Pope,  beginning : 

At  least  kind  Sir,  for  Charity's  sweet  sake 
Vouchsafe  the  Trunk  between  your  arms  to  take. 

She  is  pregnant,  and  has  deceitfully  asked  her  doting  husband  to  help  her 
to  reach  a  pear  for  which  she  craves. 
12JX9I  in.  *  Caricatures',  i.  6. 

A  COUNTRY  ATTORNEY  AND  HIS  CLIENTS.    (553) 

See  No.  3766— [1785] 
[?  After  Dighton.] 

6905  THE  ELOPEMENT,  OR  LOVERS  STRATAGEM  DEFEATED. 

555  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N^  6g  in  S*  Pauls 
Church  Yard  London.    Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 

1785]- 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  young  man,  with  a  young  lady  whom 
he  is  about  to  place  in  a  coach,  is  interrupted  by  the  lady's  father  or 

276 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

guardian  (r.),  who  runs  towards  them  with  outstretched  arms.  The  coach 
is  partly  visible  on  the  r. ;  the  liveried  coachman  turns  round  to  watch  the 
pair;  the  lover's  r.  foot  is  on  the  step  of  the  coach.  On  the  r.  is  a  park 
wall  with  trees.  In  the  foreground  is  an  arch-topped  coffer,  similar  to  those 
carried  by  milliners. 
12JX9I  i^-  *  Caricatures',  i.  181. 

6906  JOHN  GILPIN'S  RETURN  FROM  WARE. 

S§8  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles^  AT"  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  10  July  1785. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Gilpin  gallops  (r. 
to  1.)  past  the  'Bell'  at  Edmonton.  His  wife  leans  from  the  balcony  over 
the  door.  With  her  are  three  children  and  a  woman  holding  an  infant. 
Two  horsemen  are  in  pursuit,  one  holds  up  Gilpin's  wig.  A  spaniel  barks. 
The  inn  appears  to  be  drawn  with  some  topographical  correctness.  A  sign 
bestrides  the  road  (r.)  with  the  words  The  Old  Bell  \  An  Ordtnar[y]  \  Late 
Lan  and,  below  the  bell,  J.  King  from.  Another  sign  is  on  the  front  of  the 
house.  Beneath  the  design  are  engraved  the  six  verses  beginning : 

Away  went  Gilpin — atid  away 
Went  Gilpin's  hat  and  wig; 

See  No.  6886,  he.  *  Caricatures',  ii,   Frontispiece, 

iif  X9J  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii,  No.  30.  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

6907  KEEP  WITHIN  COMPASS.  [1785] 
[After  Dighton.] 

560   Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  N''  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yard,  London. 

[After  Dighton.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6903.  A 
young  woman  stands  within  a  compass  inscribed  Fear  God,  holding  an 
open  book  inscribed  The  Pleasures  of  Imagination  Realized.  At  her  feet  is 
an  open  chest  full  of  guineas  from  which  hang  bank-notes  and  jewels;  it  is 
inscribed  The  Reward  of  Virtue.  A  small  dog  stands  beside  her.  In  the 
background  (r.)  is  a  country  house,  on  the  1.  farm-buildings  and  hay- 
stacks. The  four  corners  are  filled  (as  in  No.  6903)  with  the  disasters  which 
beset  the  woman  who  does  not  'keep  within  compass',  (i)  A  woman  weeps 
dejectedly  with  cards  and  an  empty  purse  on  the  ground  at  her  feet. 
(2)  A  drunken  woman  lets  an  infant  fall  from  her  arms ;  on  the  wall  is  a  torn 
print  inscribed  Domestic  Happiness.  (3)  A  woman  is  being  conducted  to 
the  watch-house  by  two  watchmen,  one  with  his  lantern,  the  other  with 
a  rattle.  (4)  She  beats  hemp  in  Bridewell,  a  man  standing  behind  her  with 
a  whip,  as  in  Hogarth's  Harlot's  Progress.  The  words  round  the  circle  are 
the  same  as  in  No.  6903.  Beneath  the  circle  is  inscribed  Prudence  produceth 
esteem.  Below  the  design  four  verses  are  engraved,  the  first : 

Instead  of  Cards  my  Fair-one  look, 

(/  beg  you'll  take  it  kind) 
Into  some  learned  Author's  Book, 

And  cultivate  your  mind. 

277 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  original  water-colour  is  in  the  Print  Room ;  the  design  in  the  circle, 
but  not  the  corner  designs,  reversed.     Reproduction,  Apollo ^  xiv.  loo 
(Aug.  193 1). 
i2iX9|in,  ^Caricatures*,  iii.  63. 

6908  KEEP  WITHIN  COMPASS. 
[After  Dighton.] 

34y   Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London,  Published  as  the  Act  directs  16  Aug.  1785. 

Engraving,  partly  mezzotinted.  A  reduced  version  of  No.  6907  with  the 
same  inscriptions,  but  different  verses : 

Attend  unto  this  simple  fact , 

As  thro'  this  life  you  rove. 
That  virtuous  and  prudent  ways 

Will  gain  esteem  and  love. 

5TiX4|m.  (pi.). 

6909  KEEP  WITHIN  COMPASS 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  crude  copy  of  No.  6908,  in  reverse, 
differing  in  details. 
5|X4i^6in.  (clipped). 

6910  THE  TRUE  BRITISH  TAR.  [c.  1785-6] 
[After  Dighton.] 

561   Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  in  S^  Pauls 
Church  Yardy  London, 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  sailor  (1.),  who  looks  with  a  grin 
towards  the  spectator,  sits  on  a  corded  sea-chest  pointing  at  his  prize- 
money  which  is  heaped  up  on  a  larger  chest  in  front  of  him.  He  is  gaily 
dressed,  wearing  a  hat  with  a  ribbon  favour,  long  pig-tail,  striped  trousers ; 
a  bunch  of  seals  dangles  from  his  waistcoat.  His  smoking  pipe  lies  on  the 
ground  behind  him.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  sheaf  of  papers  inscribed  List  of 
Prizes  taken  at  the  [  ?]  Huntinna  S^  Eustatia.  Five  money-sacks  stand  on 
the  chest,  three  being  inscribed  respectively  £10,000,  Spanish  Dollars, 
and  £3,000;  a  sixth  lies  open  with  coins  issuing  from  it.  Four  wine- 
bottles,  one  labelled  Made[ira],  and  a  glass  also  stand  on  the  chest.  Through 
an  open  sash-window  is  seen  a  man-of-war  whose  sails  are  being  lowered. 
On  the  wall  (1.)  behind  the  sailor's  head  is  a  ballad  headed  by  an  oval  bust 
portrait  of  George  III  and  the  words  God  save  the  King-,  below  the  verses 
is  a  crown.    Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

Now  the  Wars  are  all  over. 
Faith  ril  live  in  clover; 
Fve  enough  of  this  Pelf, 
For  my  friends  and  myself. 

For  the  capture  of  St.  Eustatius  see  No.  5842,  &c.    Cf.  No.  4496,  a 
similar  subject. 

278 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES   1785 

Reproduced,  C.  N.  Robinson,   The  British  Tar  in  Fact  and  Fiction^ 
1909,  p.  318. 
12 Jx 9 J  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  18. 

6911  SPRING  AND  WINTER.  LE  PRINTEMS  ET  L'HIVER. 
[After  Dighton.] 

562  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N^  6g  in  S^  PauVs 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
c^  1785-6] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  pretty  and  coquettishly  dressed  milk- 
maid stands  full-face,  her  pails  hung  from  a  wooden  yoke  across  her 
shoulders.  Her  expression  and  pose  suggest  that  she  is  about  to  receive 
favourably  the  overtures  of  an  elderly  beau  who  stands  ogling  behind  her 
(r.),  holding  coins  in  his  hand.  In  the  background  are  farm-buildings  and 
cows. 
I2f  X9J  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  183. 

A  MASTER  PARSON  RETURNED  FROM  DUTY.  (563) 

See  No.  3755— [c-  1785-6] 

See  also  No.  6154. 

A  JOURNEYMAN  PARSON  GOING  ON  DUTY.    (564) 

See  No.  3756 — [c.  1785-6] 

See  also  No.  6153. 

6912  A  CATCH.  UNE  CHANSONNETTE. 

[After  Dighton.] 

566  Printed  for  &'  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  N^  6g  in  S*  Paul's 
Church  Yard,  London.   [Date  cut  off,  c.  1785-6.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6913.  The 
interior  of  a  room,  probably  in  a  club  or  fashionable  tavern.  Men  are 
seated  at  a  large  circular  table  on  which  is  a  punch-bowl,  wine-glasses,  a 
decanter  labelled  Port,  long  pipes,  and  bound  books  of  music,  two  open, 
the  third,  which  is  closed,  inscribed  Catches  and  Glees.  The  seated  men 
are  singing,  pointing  at  each  other;  others  stand  behind,  some  singing,  or 
watching  the  singers ;  one  reads  a  newspaper  through  an  eyeglass,  another 
smokes  a  pipe.  In  the  foreground  a  spaniel  stands  on  its  hind  legs  against 
the  table.  A  curtain  drapes  a  tall  window  through  which  is  seen  a  line  of 
houses  and  a  church  spire.  In  a  panelled  alcove  hangs  a  mirror  in  an 
ornate  frame.  The  heavy  tablecloth  rests  on  the  ground,  the  floor  is 
carpeted.  Beneath  the  title  twelve  lines  of  the  catch  which  is  being  sung 
are  engraved,  beginning : 

Sir  you  are  a  Comical  Fellow, 

Your  Nose  it  is  hooked. 
Your  Back  it  is  crooked. 

Yes  you  are  a  Comical  Fellow^ 

279 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Possibly  a  meeting  of  the  Catch  Club,  founded  176 1 ;  members  took  the 
chair  in  turns  at  the  dinners  which  were  held  weekly  at  the  Thatched 
House  Tavern  from  February  to  June.   Grove,  Diet,  of  Music. 

The  original  water-colour  is  in  the  Print  Room.   Reproduction,  Apollo^ 
xiv.  102  (Aug.  193 1). 
i2|X9|  ^"-  'Caricatures*,  i.  76. 

6913  A  GLEE.    UNE  ALLl^GRESSE. 
[After  Dighton.] 

56y  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N'*  6g  in  S^  PauVs 
Church  Yard  London,  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
c.  1785-6] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6912;  a 
similar  group  of  men  in  a  similar  room  stand  or  sit  at  a  rectangular  table 
singing  from  a  large  music-book  held  open  on  the  table.  Punch-bowl, 
wine-bottle,  glasses,  pipes,  a  tumbler  are  on  the  table  which  is  covered  by 
a  heavy  cloth.  Their  expressions  are  more  serious  than  those  of  the  catch- 
singers.  Two  men  in  the  background  are  smoking,  one  of  whom  is  lighting 
his  pipe.  A  dog  sits  in  the  foreground  looking  up  at  the  singers.  The  words 
of  the  glee  are  engraved  beneath  the  print,  beginning : 

Which  is  the  properest  Day  to  drink, 
Saturday,  Sunday,  Monday, 

The  Glee  Club  was  formed  in  1787,  earlier  meetings  having  taken  place 
informally  at  private  houses,  beginning  in  1783  with  meetings  at  the  house 
of  Mr.  Robert  Smith  in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard  when  glees,  canons,  catches, 
&c.,  were  sung  after  dinner.   Grove,  Diet,  of  Music. 
12IX9J  ^^'  *  Caricatures',  i.  77. 

A  similar  subject  by  Rowlandson  to  Nos.  6912,  6913  is  the  frontispiece  to 
the  Lyric  Repository.   A  Collection  of .  .  .  Songs  Duets  Catches,  Glees  & 
Cantatas  .  .  .  Printed  for  J.  French  N°  164  Fenchurch  Street.  lySy.  Copy 
in  Print  Room. 
5fX7f  in. 


280 


1786 
POLITICAL  SATIRES 

6914  THE  FREE-BORN  BRITON  OR  A  PERSPECTIVE  OF  TAXA- 
TION. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs ^  by  J.  Nunn  Queen  Street,  Jany  iP^  iy86. 

Engraving.  John  Bull  stands  full-face,  shouting  and  stamping  with  rage, 
on  a  block  of  turf  inscribed  Land-Tax  45  in  the  pound.  Across  his  shoulders 
are  two  yokes,  one  inscribed  National — Debt  &c.,  the  other  Civil-List  &c. ; 
from  the  four  ends  hang  objects  representing  taxes.  From  the  1.  end  of 
the  former  dangles  a  figure  made  up  of  barrels,  bars,  &c.,  the  head  repre- 
sented by  lighted  Candles ;  it  is  inscribed  Excise-Man ;  the  rope  attaching 
it  to  the  yoke  is  Excise.  Its  r.  hand  (1.),  inscribed  Auctions,  holds  out  an 
auctioneer's  hammer;  the  1.  holds  a  bottle  of  Wine,  in  a  stand  inscribed 
Plate.  The  other  portions  of  the  body  are  inscribed  Beer,  Tea,  Cyder, 
Spirits,  Malt,  Tobacco,  Calico,  Hides,  Glass,  Soap,  Coffee,  Chocolate. 
Between  its  legs  are  the  words  Licenses  &c.  &c.  The  head  of  a  crocodile 
inscribed  New  Taxes  extends  from  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the  design, 
directing  a  barbed  tongue  at  the  Excise  Man.  From  the  other  end  of  this 
yoke  a  bundle  of  scrolls  dangles  from  a  rope  inscribed  Taxes :  Maid  Servants, 
Men  Servants,  Carriages  &c.  Game,  Places,  &c  &c.  A  similar  bundle  of 
Stamps  hangs  from  the  1.  end  of  the  Civil-List  yoke :  Medecines,  Warrants 
of  Attorney,  Cards  &  Dice,  Almanacks,  Notes,  Horses,  Receipts,  Bonds  &c. 
News-papers,  Pamphlets,  &c.  &c.  From  the  r.  end  of  this  yoke  hangs  a 
pyramid  of  barrels,  sacks,  &c.,  its  rope  inscribed  Customs:  they  are  in- 
scribed respectively.  Wine,  Cloth,  Leather,  Salt,  Pepper,  Coals,  Sugar,  Wool, 
Tobacco  &c  &c. 

Two  feathers  (or  leaves)  fly  upwards,  inscribed  Attornies  (1.)  and  Pawn- 
brokers (r.).  Portions  of  two  buildings  are  visible  on  the  extreme  1.  and 
r. :  on  the  1.  is  a  two-storied  house,  the  roof  inscribed  Tile  Tax,  the 
front  inscribed  Brick  Tax,  Insurance  Tax,  Window  Tax,  House  Tax,  its 
wide  blocked-up  door  or  window.  Shop  Tax.  On  the  r.  is  the  comer  of 
a  church,  inscribed  Parochial  Taxes,  Poor's  rate.  Watch,  Lights,  Scavenger 
Pavement  &c.  A  tombstone  ( ?)  resting  against  it  is  inscribed  State  Taxes, 
Births,  Christenings,  Marriages,  Deaths  and  Burials.  The  Briton  wears  a 
bandage  over  one  eye  inscribed  Commutation-,  his  hat  is  labelled  Stamp 
and  Turn-pike.  His  shouting  mouth  is  inscribed  Custom  and  Excise  and 
these  words,  together  with  Stamp,  are  inscribed  respectively  on  his 
body  and  limbs.  A  caterpillar  crawls  towards  him  from  the  r.,  inscribed 
Marriage  Portions.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

From  top  to  toe,  all  o'er  stuck  full 

With  Taxes  grievous,  poor  John  Bull, 

By  acts  of  state  so  strictly  bound. 

Pays  shillings  fourteen  in  the  pound; 

Should  Taxes  new  the  rest  surprise. 

Like  Shop-Tax,  stamps  and  laws  excise, 

John  must  sink  beneath  the  evil. 

Or  kick  them  all  to  the  Devil. 

281 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

A  comprehensive  view  of  the  burdens,  national  and  parochial,  old  and 
new,  which  weighed  down  John  Bull  but  were  lightened  by  expanding 
trade.  The  stamp  duties  were  extended  by  North  in  1782,  doubled  by 
Lord  John  Cavendish  (1782),  and  extended  by  the  Coalition  (1783)  to 
Receipts,  see  No.  6243,  &c.,  and  to  the  registration  of  births,  deaths,  and 
marriages,  see  No.  6253,  &c.  Pitt's  first  budget  (1784)  included  new  duties 
on  hats,  coals  (withdrawn),  horses  (see  No.  6672),  hackney  coaches,  bricks 
and  tiles,  paper,  licences  for  shooting  and  licences  for  traders  in  excisable 
goods.  For  the  Commutation  Tax,  lowering  the  tax  on  tea  and  raising  that 
on  windows,  see  No.  6634,  &c.  For  the  tax  on  shops  see  No.  6798,  &c.,  and 
on  maidservants  No.  6794,  &c.  Pitt's  licence  duties  were  extended  in  1785 
to  the  legal  profession  (attorneys,  &c.)  and  to  pawnbrokers.  See  Dowell, 
Hist,  of  Taxation  and  Taxes',  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^  191 1,  chap, 
viii.   See  also  Nos.  6962,  7132,  7145,  7389,  7480,  7494,  7869. 

An  altered  version  was  issued  in  1790,  see  No.  7625. 
8Mxi3igin. 

6915  PARLIAMENTARY  MEETING  1786. 
[Dent.] 

Published,  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W^  Moore,  New  Bond  Street,  Jany  2^ 
iy86. 

Engraving.  Pitt  and  the  Opposition  fight  for  the  loaves  and  fishes  of  office ; 
these  are  represented  by  three  loaves  and  two  fishes  on  a  pole  behind  and 
between  the  two  sets  of  combatants.  Pitt  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.)  face  each  other 
with  basket-hiked  single-sticks.  Behind  Pitt  is  Pepper  Arden,  saying, 
Zounds!  at  him  again,  Billy,  bang  him  over  his  sconce  with  your  Crab — 
d — mn  it,  the  Sinking-fund  will  support  you.  Behind  Arden  is  a  very  small 
man,  also  armed  with  a  single-stick.  His  breeches-pocket  is  inscribed 
Agency ;  from  it  protrudes  a  paper.  Defence  of  Governor  Hast[ings],  showing 
that  he  is  Major  John  Scott,  M.P.  for  West  Looe,  the  agent  of  Hastings. 
Fox  is  tall  and  burly,  he  and  his  two  supporters.  North  and  Burke,  look 
much  more  than  a  match  for  Pitt,  Arden,  and  Scott.  Burke,  holding  a 
single-stick,  says :  Dont  spare,  Charley,  peg  him  about  the  noddle  with  your 
Shillany — and  Til  have  a  touch  with  the  little  Major — /  have  a  tough  bit  of 
Bamboo,  and  dam'me  Fll  Macartney  him. 

The  print  anticipates  the  meeting  of  Parliament  on  24  Jan.  1786,  and 
shows  that  the  Opposition  were  expected  to  attack  the  Ministry  on  the 
question  of  Warren  Hastings,  on  which  public  opinion  had  been  violently 
at  issue  since  his  return  to  England  in  June  1785.  A  motion  of  censure 
had  been  carried  in  May  1782 ;  Burke  had  given  notice  of  a  hostile  motion 
in  the  House  of  Commons,  but  members  of  the  Opposition  urged  at  a 
private  meeting  at  the  Duke  of  Portland's  shortly  before  24  Jan.  that  this 
should  be  dropped.  But  the  zeal  of  Burke  and  Fox  was  unabated:  Fox 
raised  the  question  of  the  East  India  Company,  Hastings,  and  Macartney 
on  the  first  day  of  the  Session,  giving  'the  highest  encomiums  to  Lord 
Macartney'.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  loio,  &c.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  iv.  141  ff.  Rose, 
Pitt  and  National  Revival;  Camb.  Hist,  of  India,  v.  307.  Macartney  arrived 
in  England  in  Jan.  1786,  having  been  offered  the  post  of  Governor- General 
in  succession  to  Hastings.  D.N.B.  See  No.  6925,  &c.  For  the  Sinking 
Fund,  see  No.  7551.  The  loaves  and  fishes  of  office  are  a  recurrent  theme 
with  Dent. 
8iXi3i|in. 

282 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

6916  A  GREAT  MAN  FILLING  THE  HIGHEST  POST  IN  THE 
KINGDOM 

Published  Febv  7  iy86  by  J,  Parry  N°  30  Henrietta  S'  Cov^  Garden 

Engraving.  A  stout  butcher  stands  beneath  a  triangular  gallows  on  which 
are  hooks;  he  raises  a  man  round  whose  neck  is  a  noose  of  rope  and  is 
about  to  hang  the  noose  from  one  of  the  hooks,  as  if  he  were  dealing  with 
a  carcass.  Four  bodies  hang  from  hooks  on  the  farther  side  of  the  gallows, 
inscribed  Coalitio ;  one,  in  profile,  is  perhaps  intended  for  Fox,  the  others 
are  in  back  view.  The  man  in  the  butcher's  hands  wears  a  ribbon  and  is 
evidently  intended  for  North,  but  the  characterization  is  poor.  At  the 
butcher's  feet,  on  the  scaffold,  squats  a  skeleton  with  a  scythe,  holding  up 
a  noose  of  rope  to  three  men  who  regard  him  with  terror;  another  man  sits 
in  back  view  at  the  butcher's  feet  (r.),  supporting  his  head  in  his  hands. 
These  are  probably  supporters  of  the  Coalition.  In  the  background  are 
crowds  of  spectators ;  two  groups  look  from  the  roofs  of  coaches ;  a  man  (r.) 
in  Highland  dress  is  probably  Dundas. 

A  satire  showing  the  continued  unpopularity  of  the  Coalition,  cf.  No. 
6671,  &c. 
io|x8|in. 

6917  SKETCH  OF  POLITICKS  IN  EUROPE   24th  JANUARY  1786, 
BIRTH  DAY  OF  THE  KING  OF  PRUSSIA. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Feby  i&^  iy86  by  S  Hedges  A7^  9J  ComhiU} 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  confused  design :  in 
the  centre  the  kings  of  England  (1.)  and  Prussia  (r.)  sit  together  under  a 
canopy;  they  turn  their  heads  in  profile,  gazing  intently  at  each  other. 
Behind  George  Ill's  chair  a  British  sailor  lounges,  behind  Frederick's  a 
Prussian  grenadier  with  a  musket  stands  erect.  Frederick  holds  the  ends 
of  two  chains  attached  to  the  necks  of  the  Habsburg  eagle  beneath  the  feet 
of  the  two  kings ;  the  two  beaks  of  the  bird  hold  a  scroll  inscribed  Universal 
Monarchy ;  with  its  claws  it  strikes  fiercely  at  the  prostrate  bodies  of  a  man 
and  woman,  evidently  intended  for  inhabitants  of  the  United  Provinces. 
Beneath  the  bird  is  the  word  Austria.  On  the  sides  of  the  canopy  under 
which  the  kings  sit  are  shields,  one  (1.)  inscribed  Hanover  Brunswick  Hesse^ 
the  other  (r.),  Saxony  Deux  Pont  Mayence  &Cy  representing  German  States 
under  the  control  or  influence  of  England  and  of  Prussia.  On  the  1.  and 
r.  of  the  two  kings,  as  if  supporters  to  an  escutcheon,  are  W.L.  figures  on 
a  large  scale  of  military  officers;  each  holds  the  hilt  of  his  sword,  saying, 
Whilst  you  agree  I  am  ready.  One  (1.)  is  the  Reig^  Duke  of  Brunswick^  the 
other  Prince  Ferdinand  of  Brunswick.  In  the  lower  r.  corner  of  the  design 
a  Frenchman  wearing  a  bag-wig  milks  a  cow  inscribed  Holland^  a  dog  barks 
at  him  angrily.  Next  the  cow  a  man  seated  on  the  ground,  probably 
intended  for  the  Stadtholder,  holds  up  his  hands  imploringly  to  the  two 
kings,  saying.  Pray  protect  me.  Isolated  figures  round  the  two  sides  and 
upper  edge  of  the  design  represent  the  other  Powers  of  Europe :  a  crowned 
bear  (1.)  inscribed  Russia^  couchant,  looks  greedily  towards  a  much  smaller 
bear  inscribed  Poland.    Russia  says,   Tortur'd  by  Ambition — backed  by 

*  Another  imprint  appears  to  have  been  erased,  leaving  the  last  words :  Spring 
Gardens. 

283 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Brother  Joseph;  Poland  answers,  /  am  not  muzzled.  The  bust  of  an  oriental 
wearing  a  turban  (Turkey)  looks  over  its  shoulder  (across  Poland)  towards 
Russia,  saying,  By  the  great  Prophet  thou  art  but  a  Woman.  A  crowned 
monkey  with  a  sceptre  and  shield,  representing  Louis  XVI,  is  seated  on  a 
globe  inscribed  Holland^  saying,  Mundus  vult  decipi.  Down  the  r.  side  of 
the  print  are  three  crowned  busts  looking  towards  the  two  kings :  Sardinia 
says,  You  shall  not  Settle  without  me;  Spain  says,  Oh.  give  me  the  Rock  (cf. 
No.  6025,  &c.),  Portugal  says.  Oh!  buy  my  Wine  (an  allusion  to  the  prefer- 
ence to  Portuguese  wines,  given  by  the  Methuen  treaty  and  threatened  by 
the  pending  commercial  treaty  with  France).  On  the  1.  side  Sweden  says, 
/  am  in  the  pay  of  France ;  Denmark  says,  /  lay  by  at  present.  After  the 
title  is  etched.  Toasts  upon  the  Occasion,  [by  the] 
King  of  Prussia  '\ 

King  of  Great  Britain  \ 
The  Berlin  Union        J 
Confusion  to  the  Bavarian  Project 
The  wooden  walls  of  old  England 
The  Illustrious  House  of  Brunswick  &  Wolfenbuttel 
Destruction  to  the  French  Interest  in  Holland  and  Prosperity  to  the  House  of 

Orange 
May  the  British  Lion  &  the  Prussian  Eagle  remain  united  for  Times  ever- 
lasting 
May  the  united  Strength  of  the  British  Lyon  and  the  Prussian  Eaglle  preserve 
the  ancient  Constitution  of  the  German  Empire  and  the  Protestant  Interest. 
May  universal  Monarchy  the  Bane  of  Human  Nature  for  ever  remain  a  base- 
less  Vision  &c. 

The  amity  and  co-operation  between  England  and  Prussia  to  check  the 
designs  of  Austria  and  France  here  depicted  did  not  exist  in  spite  of 
British  diplomatic  efforts  at  Berlin.  Frederick,  however,  to  hold  the  Em- 
peror Joseph  in  check,  had  concerted  a  German  League  of  Princes  which  was 
joined  by  George  III  as  Elector  of  Hanover.  'The  Bavarian  Project'  was 
Joseph's  scheme  for  the  exchange  of  his  discontented  Belgic  lands  for  the 
Electorate  of  Bavaria.  France  was  (temporarily)  successful  in  establishing 
her  (anti-British)  influence  over  the  United  Provinces,  and  to  do  so  secured 
the  withdrawal  by  Joseph  of  his  demand  for  the  opening  of  the  lower 
Scheldt  and  his  claims  on  Maastricht.  The  Stadtholder's  position  was 
threatened  by  the  Patriots  who  were  supported  by  France,  cf.  No.  6292. 
France  roused  suspicion  in  England  also  by  her  Eastern  policy  and  by 
fortifications  at  Cherbourg.  Camb.  Hist,  of  British  Foreign  Policy y  1922, 
i.  160  fF.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^  chap.  xiii.  The  designs  of 
Russia  were  at  this  time  more  threatening  to  Turkey  than  Poland.  Camb. 
Mod.  Hist.  viii.  524. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  182-3. 
9|Xi4jin. 

6918  THE  CONSTANT  COUPLE 

W.M.i786[}Mansdiy 

Published  Feb  24.  iy86  by  S.  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).    George  III,  dressed 
like  a  farmer,  rides  a  sorry  horse  towards  Windsor.   Queen  Charlotte  sits 

*  Identified  by  Mr.  Hawkins  as  Metz  (Conrad  Martin),  but  perhaps  W.  Mansell : 
the  heads  resemble  those  in  No.  6931.  Attributed  by  some  collectors  to  Gillray. 

284 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

pillion  behind  him  like  a  farmer's  wife ;  he  is  in  profile,  she  full-face,  both 
feet  in  a  wide  stirrup  or  platform.  He  points  awkwardly  with  his  stick 
towards  Windsor.  A  dog  walks  before  them,  its  collar  inscribed  G.R. 
Windsor  Castle  (1.)  is  among  trees;  a  signpost  (1.)  points  To  Windsor  and 
To  Slough.    On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  milestone,  XX  Miles  from  S^  James's, 

The  title  is  from  Farquhar's  play  (1700).  One  of  many  satires  on  George 
Ill's  farming  activities,  cf.  No.  4883 ;  the  first  of  many  in  which  he  and 
the  queen  are  a  farmer  and  his  wife,  see  Nos.  6934,  6946,  6947,  6984,  7355, 
7897,  7905,  7915,  7924,  8106,  8129. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxix. 
8fxi3iin. 

6919  GULLIVER  CASTING  A  DAMPER  UPON  THE  ROYAL  FIRE- 
WORKS AT  LILLIPUT,  A  HASTY  SKETCH  OF  YESTERDAY'S 
BUSINESS. 

JSf  [Sayers.] 

PuhV'  r^  March  iy86  by  J  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  The  Speaker  in  his  hat  and  robes  stands  in  back  view  directing 
a  stream  (as  Gulliver  extinguished  the  fire  in  the  royal  apartments  in 
Lilliput)  upon  Lilliputian  fortifications  and  cannon;  those  seen  between 
his  legs  are  being  dashed  to  pieces.  Beyond  are  the  masts  of  ships.  The 
devastating  stream  is  inscribed  Casting  vote.  The  r.  side  of  the  Speaker's 
chair  is  visible  (r.). 

A  satire  on  the  casting  vote  given  by  Cornwall  in  the  debate  of  27  Feb. 
against  the  Duke  of  Richmond's  scheme  for  fortifying  Portsmouth  and 
Plymouth,  see  No.  6921,  &c.    The  division  occurred  at  7  a.m.  28  Feb. 
Cf.  the  description  of  a  print  by  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  iv.  270. 
9ix6iin.  (pi.). 

6920  AN  ORDINANCE  DREAM  OR  PLANING  OF  FORTIFICA- 
TIONS. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Published  March  f^  lySOy  by  S.  W,  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Ware- 
house, N^  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  Richmond  (1.)  sleeps  in  an  arm-chair  beside  a 
table  on  which  are  playing-cards  and  bits  of  broken  tobacco-pipes  arranged 
to  represent  fortifications.  On  the  r.  are  two  cannons,  one  on  a  gun- 
carriage  ;  a  cat  sits  on  its  muzzle  miaowing  at  Richmond,  one  paw  on  the 
table.  By  his  side  (1.)  are  plans  on  rollers  and  a  box  of  long  tobacco-pipes. 
On  the  wall  hang  two  pictures  on  rollers  as  if  they  were  plans.  In  one  (1.) 
soldiers  with  wheelbarrows,  &c.  work  on  the  sea-shore,  off  which  dis- 
mantled ships  lie  at  anchor.  In  the  other,  cannons  and  cannon-balls  with 
one  sentry  lie  along  the  sea-shore,  off  which  are  ships  at  anchor  with 
brooms  at  their  mast-heads  to  show  that  they  are  for  sale.  Richmond's 
hat,  overcoat,  and  sword  hang  on  the  wall  between  the  two  pictures.  At 
his  feet  is  an  open  book  inscribed  Trial  of  Colo^  Debbeig. 

One  of  several  satires  on  Richmond's  unpopular  plan  for  fortifying 
Portsmouth  and  Plymouth,  see  No.  6921,  &c.  Debbiege  was  a  colonel  of 
Engineers  of  some  distinction  who  had  an  acrimonious  correspondence 

28s 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

with  Richmond  during  July-Oct.  1784;  this  led  to  a  court-martial  for 
writing  'unbecoming  letters'.  See  the  printed  correspondence  in  B.M.L. 
6875,  df.  27.  He  was  referred  to  by  Barre,  in  the  debate  of  14  Mar.  1785 
on  Richmond's  plan  of  fortifications,  as  'honest  and  oppressed'.  Pari.  Hist., 
XXV.  388.   See  also  The  Rolliad,  pt.  II : 

Learn  thoughtless  Debbeige  now  no  more  a  youth, 
The  woes  unnumber'd  that  encompass  truth. 

He  was  again  court-martialled  28  June  1789,  &c.,  on  the  prosecution  of 
Richmond,  was  found  guilty,  but  only  suspended  from  pay  and  duty  for 
six  months. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  183-4  (reproduction). 
8|xi2jin. 

6921  UNKLE  TOBY  AND  CORPORAL  TRIM. 
JB 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  March  8^^  iy86.  by  H:  Humphrey  N"  51, 
New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  Richmond  as  Uncle  Toby  (in  Sterne's  Tristram 
Shandy)  stands  (r.)  directing  the  operations  of  Pitt  as  Corporal  Trim,  who 
stands  with  a  raised  pickaxe,  turning  his  head  to  receive  his  orders.  Both 
wear  military  uniform.  Pitt's  grenadier's  cap  is  on  the  ground  beside  him. 
A  crutch  is  under  Richmond's  1.  arm,  the  other  crutch  outstretched  in  his 
1.  hand ;  in  his  r.  he  holds  a  paper  on  which  is  the  plan  of  a  star-shaped  fort 
inscribed  Plans  of  Fortifications  Plymouth  Portsmouth.  The  sentry-box  is 
behind  him.  They  stand  on  the  sea-shore;  three  men-of-war  (1.)  are  at 
anchor  flying  the  British  flag,  the  nearest  is  the  Artois  (a  prize  of  the 
American  war).  Above  the  ships,  among  clouds,  the  Speaker,  Cornwall, 
leans  forward,  one  hand  resting  on  his  table,  the  other  extended ;  from  his 
mouth  issues  a  blast  inscribed  Stop  there  Trim ;  cannons  in  embrasures  and 
on  a  gun-carriage  rest  on  the  clouds,  pointing  towards  Pitt.  On  the  ground 
at  Pitt's  JPeet  is  an  overturned  wheelbarrow  inscribed  Useless  to  be  Disposed 
ofy  with  a  pick  and  spade,  and  a  roll,  Plans  of ...  .  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved.  Raising  Fortifacations  for  the  good  of  the  Nation. 

A  satire  on  the  defeat  of  Richmond's  scheme  for  the  fortification  of 
Portsmouth  and  Plymouth;  the  resolution  moved  by  Pitt  on  27  Feb.  1786 
was  defeated  by  the  casting  vote  of  the  Speaker,  see  No.  6919.  The  scheme 
had  been  violently  attacked  in  the  House  of  Commons  on  14  Mar.  1785; 
in  the  meantime  a  board  of  military  and  naval  officers  had  reported 
favourably  on  the  scheme.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  104-8,  261-71. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  375-91,  1096-156.  According  to  Wraxall,  Pitt  'shocked 
public  opinion  by  the  prominent  part  which  he  took  in  projecting  so 
obnoxious  a  system  in  defiance  of  every  objection'.  It  was  supposed  to  be 
an  attack  on  the  Navy,  and  was  very  unpopular.  It  and  the  Duke  are 
pilloried  in  The  Rolliad,  Pt.  II,  No.  iii.  The  measure  was  defeated  by  the 
country  gentlemen.  (But  Pitt  managed  to  find  funds  for  improving  the 
defences  of  the  two  dockyards.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  p.  124.) 
See  also  Nos.  6373,  6919,  6920,  6922,  6923,  6940,  6951,  6952,  7148,  &c., 
7150.  7389,  7480,  7481,  7494,  7554. 
7fXi2jin. 

286 


I 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

6922  THE  LECTURE  ON  HEADS  EMBELLISHED  BY  JNO  LOCK- 
INGTON 

[J.  Lockington.]  - 

London  Puhlishd  as  the  Act  directs  Mar^  9.  iy86  by  J  Lockington 
Engraver  Saville  Passage^  Conduit  Street,  Hanover  Square. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Two  ovals  and  a  circle 
in  decorative  frames  arranged  vertically.  Round  the  upper  oval  the  title 
is  engraved.  Within  it  is  a  bust  profile  portrait  in  an  oval,  probably  intended 
for  the  Duke  of  Richmond  but  resembling  Lord  Amherst  (commander-in- 
chief).  This  is  N°  i.y  and  is  surrounded  by  military  trophies  and  sur- 
mounted by  a  broken  mural  coronet.  The  circle,  inscribed  N°  2,  contains 
a  full-face  bust  portrait  of  Warren  Hastings ;  it  is  surrounded  by  a  laurel 
wreath,  at  the  apex  of  which  is  an  oriental  bed.  Military  trophies,  spears, 
bayonets,  &c.,  surround  the  circle.   In  the  lower  oval  is  engraved: 

NO  I. 
This  is  one  of  those  extraordinary  personages  termed  Conquerors;  and  may 
be  thought  great  like  Alexander ,  he  having  been  where  ambition  has  destroyed 
numbers;  as  tho*  mankind  was  only  made  to  be  cut  to  Pieces,  Such  we  call  a 
Hero,  a  Warrior ,  a  General,  or  Mankiller. 

N°  2. 
This  is  the  head  of  an  Eastern  Chief.    The  Chiefs  of  which  place  is  under 
great  Subjection  of  Lacks  of  Rupees  and  Berguders  or  else  Deposed  of  their 
Crowns;  Torn  from  their  families  or  Starved  by  our  Modem  Conquerors: 
which  has  been  the  case  lately,  he  is  called  Tulgagee  Mahah  Rajah. 

To  be  Continued 

A  satire  on  (i)  the  defeat  of  Richmond's  scheme  for  fortifications,  see 
No.  6921,  &c.  (or  perhaps  on  Amherst,  one  of  the  conquerors  of  Canada), 
and  (2)  on  Hastings,  the  attack  on  whom  had  been  opened  by  Burke's 
speech  of  17  Feb.  1786,  moving  that  Dundas's  resolutions  of  censure  of 
28  May  1782  should  be  read,  and  pressed  further  in  the  debates  of  3,  6,  and 
7  Mar.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  258-61,  274  ff.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv. 
1060  ff.,  1 183  ff.  See  No.  6925,  &c.  The  title  is  from  Stevens's  famous 
Lecture  on  Heads. 
12  x7ft  in. 

6923  UNCLE  TOBY  RETIRED  INTO  HIS  CENTRY  BOX. 

Vide  Tris.  Shandy, 
Publishd  by  J.  Mills  Strand,  March  JJ^*,  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  sequel  to  No.  6921,  apparently  by  a 
different  artist.  The  Duke  of  Richmond  sits  in  his  sentry-box  (1.)  looking 
with  a  nielancholy  expression  and  outstretched  1.  hand  towards  miniature 
fortifications  at  his  feet,  against  which  other  and  more  permanent  fortifica- 
tions are  directing  their  fire:  cannons  in  the  embrasures  of  castellated 
buildings.  His  1.  foot  rests  on  miniature  sacks,  a  spade  and  grenade  lie  at 
his  feet.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  miniature  cannon  inscribed  Ratio  Ultima 
Regum.  Inside  the  sentry-box  (which  resembles  a  garden-latrine)  a  print 
of  men-of-war  is  pasted  upside  down,  implying  that  Richmond's  scheme 
removed  the  Navy  from  its  function  of  the  first  line  of  defence.    In  his 

287 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES    . 
r.  hand  he  holds  a  Gazette,  on  which  the  script  is  illegible  except  for  the 
figures    V  ,  the  votes  (including  that  of  the  Speaker,  see  No.  6919),  by 

which  his  scheme  had  been  defeated.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxv.  11 56.  In  the  back- 
ground is  a  dense  mass  of  foliage,  showing  the  small  scale  of  all  the 
fortifications.    For  Richmond's  scheme  and  its  defeat  see  No.  6921,  &c. 
I2|X9  ^^' 

6923  a  uncle  TOBY'S  RETREAT 

Another  state,  probably  earlier  (uncoloured),  in  which y.  Gary  is  substituted 
for  J.  Mills  in  the  publication-line.  On  the  front  of  the  sentry-box  is 
inscribed  En  la  Rose  flueri  [sic],  *En  la  rose  je  fleuris'  being  the  motto  of 
the  Lennox  family.  There  is  no  inscription  on  the  cannon.  Richmond's 
paper  is  inscribed  Morning  Ghronicle  in  place  of  the  'Gazette';  under  the 
caption  is  Fortificatio\n\  and  the  last  lines  are  legible : 

For  the  AmernP  170 
Against  i6g 

Majority  I 

The  print  of  ships  is  inscribed,  /  was  willing  but  not  able. 

6924  THE  FOLLIES  OF  A  DAY  OR  THE  MARRIAGE  OF  FIGARO. 
Fitz  delin*  Herbert  fecit. 

Published  March  Jj^*  1786,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Ware- 

s.       d. 

house  N°  3  Piccadilly.  Price  2  .  6 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  a  set  of  prints  by  one  or  more 
artists  on  the  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert. 
The  interior  of  a  well-furnished  room.  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  takes  the 
hand  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  is  about  to  put  the  ring  on  her  finger.  The 
officiating  minister  (L),  Weltje,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  holding  a  book 
inscribed  Matrimony  and  Hoyle^s  Games.  From  his  pocket  issues  a  paper, 
Weltjie's  Nat**  Bill.  A  cork-screw  and  another  implement  hang  from  his 
waist  by  a  jewelled  chain,  simulating  a  rosary  and  cross ;  he  wears  a  long 
gown  over  fashionably  cut  clothes.  Next  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  stands 
George  Hanger,  giving  her  away;  he  wears  regimentals  with  a  huge 
cocked  hat;  under  his  1.  arm  is  a  bludgeon  (cf.  No.  71 16).  The  Prince 
wears  the  insignia  of  the  Garter,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (poorly  characterized) 
wears  a  triple  ostrich  plume  in  her  hair  with  the  motto  Ich  dien.  On  the 
wall  are  two  pictures:  a  T.Q.L.  portrait  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  and  (r.)  a 
Leda  and  the  Swan,  partly  concealed  by  a  curtain  which  fills  the  upper  r. 
corner  of  the  design.  Beneath  the  Leda  is  a  semicircular  table  on  which 
are  vases  and  a  book.  Love's  Last  Shift  (Gibber's  play).  A  hanging  cande- 
labra is  part  of  the  design. 

The  very  secret  marriage  took  place  in  Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  drawing- 
room  in  Park  Street,  15  Dec.  1785,  in  the  presence  of  her  brother  and 
uncle.  See  Wilkins,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  George  IV,  1908,  i.  96  ff.  The 
suspected  marriage  became  the  talk  of  the  town.  Walpole  writes,  lo  Feb. 
1786:  *0h  but  the  hubbub  you  are  to  hear  and  to  talk  of,  and  except 
which  you  are  to  talk  of  nothing  else,  for  they  tell  me  the  passengers  in 

288 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

the  streets,  of  all  ranks,  talk  of  it.  .  .  .'  Letters,  xiii.  363.  For  the  contra- 
dictory reports  see  Orde  to  Rutland,  16  May  1786.  Hist.  MSS.  Comm., 
Rutland  Papers,  iii.  300.  From  this  time  for  some  years  Hanger  figures 
prominently  among  satires  of  the  Prince's  boon  companions,  and  Weltje 
(see  No.  5888),  important  at  Carlton  House,  is  a  favourite  subject  in  lam- 
poons and  satires  against  the  Prince  and  the  Whigs.  Hanger's  dress,  that 
of  a  major  in  the  Prussian  service,  worn  with  a  huge  Kevenhuller  hat, 
caused  amusement  when  first  seen  at  court  (1782).  Huish,  Memoirs  of 
George  III,  1831,  pp.  98-9.  The  print  appears  in  No.  6961.  The  title  is 
from  Holcroft's  The  Follies  of  a  Day,  or,  the  Marriage  of  Figaro,  an  adapta- 
tion of  Beaumarchais'  play,  produced  14  Dec.  1784  at  Covent  Garden  with 
great  success. 

Angelo  describes  this  print,  attributing  it  (as  The  Marriage  of  Figaro) 
to  Wicksteed,  *a  celebrated  seal-engraver  in  Henrietta  Street,  Covent 
Garden'.  Reminiscences,  1904,  i.  329.  He  attributes  The  Follies  of  a  Day 
to  Austin  (ibid.,  p.  331),  whose  manner  it  does  not  resemble.  See  also 
Nos.  6927,  6928,  6929,  6937,  6941,  6942,  6943,  6944,  7143. 

9iixi5iin. 

6925  THE  IMPEACHMENT. 

yS.f  [Sayers.] 

Puhlishd  if^  March  iy86  by  Tho"  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Aquatint.  Burke  dressed  as  a  Roman  senator,  but  wearing  his  own  wig, 
stands,  his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.  towards  Hastings,  whom  he  is 
denouncing;  his  r.  arm  is  raised  holding  up  a  paper  inscribed  Articles  of 
Impe[achme]nt.  With  his  1.  arm  he  extends  his  cloak  to  shelter  a  seated 
figure  on  the  r.,  who  covers  his  face  with  his  hands,  and  at  whose  feet  lie 
a  noose  of  rope  and  an  open  book.  Cash  D^  and  Cash  C[*']  with  ruled 
£  s.  d.  columns,  the  entries  on  the  credit  side  being  erased.  Hastings,  on 
the  extreme  1.,  is  in  oriental  dress,  his  face  turned  aside,  his  hands  held  out 
as  if  protesting  his  innocence.  In  the  air,  hurled  by  Burke,  are  two  papers : 
Treaty  of  Peace  with  the  Mahrattas  and  the  portrait  of  an  oriental,  his 
hands  bound,  inscribed  Cheyt  Sing.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Had  Hastings  been  accused  in  Verres^  Time, 

And  Asians  Preservation  been  his  Crime, 

Tully,  His  said,  with  all  his  Powers  of  Speech 

Had  urg'd  the  Roman  Senate — to  impeach. 

But  had  that  Tully  lived  in  PowelVs  Day, 

And  known  the  official  ^' Error  of  his  Way'* 

He  wou'd  have  dropH  the  Impeachment  and  y'^  Halter 

And  for  his  Merits  screened  the  good  Defaulter. 

Burke's  violent  attacks  on  Hastings  are  contrasted  with  his  screening  and 
reinstatement  of  Powell,  the  defaulting  cashier  in  the  Paymaster's  office, 
who  committed  suicide  in  1783,  see  Nos.  6195,  6929.  The  print  anticipates 
the  impeachment,  which  was  not  inevitable  until  the  debate  of  13  June 
on  the  treatment  of  Che5rt  Singh.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  191 1, 
pp.  232-4.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  pp.  336  ff.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  91  ff.  See 
Nos.  6915,  6922,  6926,  6939,  6948,  6955,  6966,  &c.,  7139,  7268.  For  the 
trial  see  No.  7269,  &c.  For  Burke  as  Cicero  accusing  Verres  cf.  No.  7138. 
ioJx8f  in. 

289  U 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6926  IMPEACHMENT. 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Disappointment  Executed  by  Envy 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietory  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Brown^  May  Fair^ 
March  jp^*  iy86. 

Engraving.  Burke  stands  directed  to  the  1.  making  a  speech,  r.  arm 
raised,  1.  hand  on  his  breast.  He  wears  spectacles  and  from  each  eye  a 
beam  of  light,  inscribed  False  Optics,  is  directed  upon  two  pairs  of  docu- 
ments on  the  floor :  True  Case  of  M^  Hastings  and  As  it  appears  to  Honest 
Edmund;  the  others.  True  Case  of  Powell  and  As  it  appeared  to  hottest 
Edmund.  A  large  tail  or  excretion  resting  on  the  ground  behind  him  is 
Misgovernment.  In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design  just  beyond  his  r. 
hand  is  a  large  bunch  of  grapes  (rupees)  inscribed  Lack,  implying  that  his 
violence  against  Hastings  is  due  to  deprivation  of  office.  On  the  wall 
behind  his  head  (r.)  is  a  picture  of  Fox  crucified,  dice  taking  the  place  of 
nails  piercing  his  hands.  Below  his  feet  is  inscribed  Carious  India  Bill 
(cf.  No.  6368,  &c.).  Burke,  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026),  kneels  at  his 
feet  holding  up  a  cross.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

His  notions  do  fit  things  so  welly 

That  which  is  which,  he  cannot  telly 

But  oft  times y  tho*  sure  as  a  gun. 

Mistakes  the  other  for  the  oncy 

For  whilst  one  thing  seems  to  catch  the  eye. 

To  another  he'd  his  hand  apply; 

With  words  honest  Edmund  has  the  knacky 

To  painty  as  suits  besty  things  white  or  blacky 

Thus  Hastings  is  blacky  which  is  as  clear y 

As  that  Powell  did  pure  white  appear; 

But  he  knows  what's  whaty  and  that's  as  highy 

As  Oriental  wit  e'er  could  fly. 

Burke*s  attacks  on  Hastings  are  contrasted  with  his  reinstatement  of 
Powell,  as  in  No.  6925,  of  which  this  appears  to  be  an  imitation,  with  the 
added  coarseness  characteristic  of  Dent. 

8i^eX8-|in. 

6927  THE  ROYAL  TOAST.    FAT,  FAIR,  AND  FORTY. 
31  Delin^  Game  Fecit 

Published  by  W.  S.  Fores  Mary  2&^  iy86  at  his  Caracature  Ware- 

s.       d. 

house  N°  3  Piccadilly  i  ..6 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  W.L.  portrait  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert, 
walking  1.  to  r.,  her  hands  in  a  muff,  her  head  turned  to  the  spectator.  Her 
hat  has  three  ostrich  feathers  and  the  motto  Ich  dien  to  indicate  her 
marriage,  see  No.  6924,  &c.  Her  hair  hangs  loosely  on  her  shoulders  and 
her  dress  has  the  fashionable  protuberances  at  the  bust  and  below  the 
waist,  cf.  No.  7099,  &c.  31  presumably  indicates  the  lady's  age :  she  was 
born  in  July  1756,  see  No.  6935.  The  print  appears  in  No.  6961. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Fran  in  der  Karikatury  1906,  p.  452. 
ioJX7jin. 

290 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

6928  THE  WEDDING  NIGHT  OR  THE  FASHIONABLE  FROLIC. 

Artifice  Inv^  Executed  by  Folly 

Published  by  J,  Phillips  N""  164  Piccadilly  March  21  iy86    Price 
2«*  ;  6 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6924,  &c. 
The  Prince  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  dancing  to  the  fiddle  of  George  Hanger 
(r.),  advance  towards  an  open  door  (1.)  through  which  is  seen  a  large  bed, 
the  curtains  raised ;  above  the  pillows  are  a  crown  and  triple  plume.  The 
feathers  are  repeated  on  a  chamber-pot  under  the  raised  valance  of  the  bed. 
They  are  more  elaborately  dressed  than  in  No.  6924 ;  their  arms  are  round 
each  other's  waists,  the  Prince  holds  with  his  r.  hand  the  1.  hand  of 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  She  wears  a  small  crown,  with  flowers  and  ribbons,  and 
triple  ostrich  plume.  George  Hanger  is  dressed  as  in  No.  6924 ;  he  stands 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  watching  the  couple  fixedly;  a  bludgeon  hangs  from  his 
wrist.  An  open  music-book  at  his  feet  shows  that  he  is  playing  the  Black 
Joke.  On  the  floor  (1.)  are  an  open  book,  Matrimonyy  and  a  torn  paper, 
Cirtificate,  Over  the  door  is  a  picture  of  Cupid  with  his  bow  turning  away 
from  Danae  receiving  the  shower  of  gold. 

Sophie  V.  la  Roche  in  Oct.  1786  saw  a  crowd  gazing  at  caricatures  of  *the 
life  and  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales*;  she  mentions  one  showing  the 
bridal  chamber,  with  a  picture  of  Danae,  but  notes  that  the  ostrich  feathers 
were  ^upside  down  over  the  bride's  night-chamber'.  Sophie  in  London, 
trans.  C.  Williams,  1933,  p.  262.  They  are  not  inverted  in  this  print.  'The 
Wedding  Night'  was  an  unsuccessful  musical  farce  by  James  Cobb  (Hay- 
market,  1780). 

9jxi3iin. 

6929  THE  LOVER'S  LEAP. 

Every  Body  delin*  Nobody  fecit,  [?  Kingsbury.] 

Published  March  21,  iy86,  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware- 
houscy  N°  3.  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  6924,  &c.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  and  the  Prince  (r.),  dressed  as  in  No. 
6924,  stand  facing  each  other,  some  distance  apart;  a  long  broom  lies  on 
the  ground  between  them.  He  holds  out  his  hands  to  receive  her,  she 
gathers  up  her  skirts  to  leap.  Behind  the  Prince  on  the  extreme  r.  stands 
Fox,  pushing  him  forward ;  his  breeches  are  joined  to  his  shoulders,  show- 
ing that  he  is  'Nobody'  (cf.  No.  5570).  In  the  foreground  a  cat  jumps  out 
of  a  bag.  In  the  back  wall  is  an  arched  doorway  surmounted  by  the  feathers 
and  motto  (Ich  dien)  of  the  Prince.  Through  the  doorway  three  ladies  and 
a  man  are  seated  at  a  table,  carousing.  The  nearer  lady  (Mrs.  Robinson, 
cf.  No.  6451)  looks  round  singing: 

All  I  desire  of  mortal  Man 
Is  for  to  love  whitest  he  can. 

The  man  says,  holding  up  a  glass,  Well  said  Rohby — His  Father  will  Broom 
Stick  him. 

On  each  side  of  the  doorway  is  a  large  picture :  one  (1.)  is  of  three  men. 
The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  with  his  r.  hand  on  the  shoulder  of  FalstaflF  (1.) 

291 


/ 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

who  holds  out  a  wine-glass  and  points  to  the  1.  George  Hanger  (r.)  puts 
his  r.  hand  on  the  Prince's  shoulder,  impelling  him  in  the  direction  to 
which  Falstaff,  who  appears  to  be  Fox,  is  pointing.  The  pendant  to  this  (r.) 
is  a  nude  figure  ( ?  Venus)  lying  on  a  couch. 

The  Prince's  marriage  is  attributed,  as  in  No.  6932,  to  the  secret  influence 
of  Fox,  aided  by  such  satellites  as  Hanger.  Fox  opposed  the  marriage,  see 
letter  of  10  Dec.  1785,  Russell,  Memorials  and  Correspondence  of  Fox^  ii. 
278-83.  It  was,  of  course,  damaging  to  the  Whigs.  (Lady  Francis  believed 
it  to  have  been  performed  at  Devonshire  House  in  the  presence  of  the 
Duchess,  Fox,  &c.  Parkes,  Memoirs  of  Francis ^  ii.  376.)  See  also  Nos.  6932, 
6950,  and  cf.  No.  7910.  For  Fox  and  the  Prince  see  No.  6041,  &c.,  for  Fox 
as  Falstaff,  No.  6974,  &c.  For  a  later  state  see  p.  987. 

8|Xi3|m. 

6930  ALL  FOR  LOVE. 

Published  March  25,  1786,  by  I.  Mills,  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6924,  &c.' 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  (r.),  their  arms  round  each 
other's  shoulders,  leap  over  a  broom-stick  (see  No.  6929),  inscribed  Pro 
Salute  AnimcBj  held  out  by  Weltje  who  kneels  (r.)  in  profile.  With  his  r. 
arm  he  pushes  the  Prince  forward.  George  Hanger  (1.)  kneels  facing  him, 
he  is  helping  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  to  leap  the  broom-stick.  She  is  also  pushed 
forward  by  Weltje,  who  stands  behind  Hanger.  The  Prince  is  stout  with 
a  double  chin,  unusual  in  prints  of  this  date.  On  the  wall  are  two  H.L. 
portraits,  their  heads  turned  away  from  the  group  with  the  broom-stick: 
Mrs.  Robinson  (Perdita)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  a  free  copy  of  Reynolds's  por- 
trait now  in  the  Wallace  Collection,  and  ( })  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.) 
in  a  large  feathered  hat,  perhaps  deriving  from  Gainsborough's  famous 
W.L.  portrait.  Both  frames  are  decorated  with  the  ostrich  plumes  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales. 

For  the  Prince  and  Perdita  Robinson  see  Nos.  5767,  6451,  &c. ;  for  his 
attachment  to  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884, 
V.  371-2,  and  No.  61 15,  &c.  The  title  is  from  Dryden's  play,  All  for  Love, 
or  The  World  Well  Lost. 
lo^Xisf  in. 

6931  THE  CARICATURERS  STOCK  IN  TRADE 
Done  by  W.M.  [Mansell.] 

Pub  26  March  iy86  by  W  Humphrey ,  Lancaster  Court 

Aquatint.  Design  in  an  oval.  Thirteen  heads  arranged  in  four  rows,  the 
first,  second,  and  fourth  having  three  heads,  the  third  four.  In  the  upper- 
most row  the  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  and  the  King  (r.)  face  each  other  in 
profile ;  the  likeness  between  them  is  stressed.  Between  and  slightly  above 
them  is  Queen  Charlotte,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  her  hair  inscribed  Queen  of 
hearts,  cf.  No.  6978.  In  the  next  row  Fox,  full-face,  is  the  central  head  of 
the  design;  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  (unrecognizable)  wears  a  low  crown 
inscribed  Queen  would  be,  and  the  feathers  of  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  George 
Hanger,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  wears  the  large  cocked  hat  made  familiar  by 

*  Perhaps  an  imitation  of  No.  6924,  &c.,  by  a  different  artist. 

292 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

No.  6924,  &c.  The  next  four  heads  are  (I.  to  r.) :  Mrs.  Siddons,  wearing 
a  low  crown  inscribed  Queen  Rant^  looking  wildly  over  her  shoulder  to  the 
r. ;  Burke,  wearing  spectacles  and  a  cap  or  turban,  his  back  turned  to  Pitt 
who  is  in  profile  to  the  r. ;  on  the  1.  in  profile  to  the  r.  is  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire,  wearing  a  low  crown  and  a  collar  which  are  inscribed  Queen  of 
Fox.  In  the  lowest  row  the  central  figure  is  the  broad  back  of  North  wear- 
ing his  ribbon ;  on  the  1.  is  Mrs.  Abington,  a  ribbon  in  her  much-curled 
hair  inscribed  Queen  Scrub  (see  No.  7053);  on  the  r.,  in  profile  to  the  1., 
is  the  Duke  of  Richmond. 

The  print  is  described  by  Angelo,  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  329  (repro- 
duction). 
6iX5i|in. 

6931  A  Other  impressions  (coloured  and  uncoloured),  imprint:  London 
Pub.  by  W^  Holland.  N°  50  Oxford  Street  (n.d.). 

6932  WIFE  &  NO  WIFE OR ^A  TRIP  TO  THE  CONTINENT 

[Gillray.] 

Designed  by  Carlo  Khan. 

Published  by  Wilh Holland  N""  66  Drury  Lane  London.  March  27 1^86 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  interior  of  a  large 
church  or  cathedral.  Burke,  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026),  standing 
within  a  low,  semicircular  wall  at  the  foot  of  a  crucifix,  marries  the  Prince 
of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  The  Prince  is  about  to  put  the  ring  on  her 
finger.  Fox  gives  her  away,  holding  her  1.  wrist.  Beside  him  (r.)  stands 
Weltje  in  back  view  but  looking  to  the  1.  at  the  ceremony.  A  napkin  is 
under  his  1.  arm,  bottles  project  from  his  coat-pockets,  and  the  tags  on  his 
shoulder  denote  the  liveried  manservant.  To  the  1.  of  Fox  appears  the 
profile  of  George  Hanger.  On  the  1.  North  sits,  leaning  against  the  altar 
wall,  sound  asleep,  his  legs  outstretched.  He  wears  his  ribbon  but  is 
dressed  as  a  coachman,  his  hat  and  whip  beside  him.  All  the  men  wear 
top-boots  to  suggest  a  runaway  match.  Behind  the  Prince  in  a  choir  seat 
is  a  row  of  kneeling  monks  who  are  chanting  the  marriage  service.  The 
crucifix  is  partly  covered  by  a  curtain,  but  the  legs  and  feet  are  painfully 
distorted  as  in  No.  6026.  On  the  wall  and  pillars  of  the  church  are  four 
framed  pictures :  David  watching  Bathsheba  bathing,  St.  Anthony  tempted 
by  monsters.  Eve  tempting  Adam  with  the  apple,  and  Judas  kissing  Christ, 
the  last  being  over  the  head  of  Fox. 

For  the  marriage  see  No.  6924;  for  the  supposed  influence  of  Fox, 
No.  6929.  No.  7298  (first  issued  1786)  is  a  companion  print.  The  title  is 
perhaps  from  a  farce  by  Coffey,  1732.   For  Carlo  Khan  see  No.  6462,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  95  (reproduction),  under  27  Mar.  1788,  when  the 
plate  was  reissued.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  32.   Reproduced,  J.  Ashton, 
FlorizeVs  Folly,  1899,  p.  92.   See  below,  p.  987. 
I3ixi7|in. 

6933  MASTER  GEORGE  &  HIS  RIB 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Carter  Oxford  Street,  March  2f^  iy86 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  H.L.  portraits  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (r.)  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.),  both  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his 

293 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

figure  concealing  her  1.  shoulder.  She  wears  a  large  hat  with  three  ostrich 
plumes  and  a  favour,  Ich  dim.  Her  breast  is  covered  by  the  projecting 
arrangement  of  inflated  gauze  which  was  much  caricatured  c.  1786.  In  the 
Prince's  hat  is  a  favour  inscribed  Benedict. 

For  the  marriage  (21  Dec.  1785)  see  No.  6924,  &c.  A  companion  print 
to  No.  6960.  See  also  No.  6938. 
3|X3iin. 

6934  FARMER  GEORGE  &  HIS  WIFE  [1786] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  Bust  portrait  of 
George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  taller  figure  con- 
cealing her  r.  shoulder  and  the  back  of  her  shady  hat  which  has  a  trans- 
parent brim.  Both  are  plainly  dressed  as  in  prints  depicting  them  as  a 
farmer  and  his  wife,  see  No.  6918,  &c.  This  (reversed)  is  the  original  of 
the  portrait  {Lot  i)  in  No.  6968.  In  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the  plate  outside 
the  oval  a  small  anchor  is  etched.  The  print  appears  in  No.  6961. 
4  X  si  in. 

6934  A  Another  impression,  aquatinted  and  coloured,  iy86  after  the 
title. 

6935  TENDER  TRIM  AND  ONLY  THIRTY. 

Published  March  31,  1786,  by  I.  Gary,  Strand. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  W.L.  portrait  of 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  her  head  turned  slightly  to  the  1.,  her  arms  crossed  at 
her  waist.  She  wears  a  large  hat  with  three  feathers,  her  breast  is  covered 
by  projecting  gauze,  and  her  hips  enormously  extended  by  the  device  then 
fashionable,  see  No.  7099,  &c.  Her  waist  is  very  small,  and  appears  smaller 
from  her  dress,  which  shows  small  feet  and  ankles. 

For  Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  age  see  No.  6926. 
iilix8in. 

6936  THE  STATE-COBLER 

London   Published  for  the  Proprietor  31  Mar  iy86  N"  5  Sweetings 
Alley  Royal  Exchange 

Engraving.  Dundas  is  seated  on  a  bench  in  a  cobbler's  bulk  or  stall,  a 
narrow  shed  with  a  pent-house  roof.  Pitt  approaches  him  from  the  1., 
Major  Scott  from  the  r.  Pitt  holds  out  a  paper  inscribed  Shop  Tax 
mended,  saying,  he  has  Mended  this  it  will  Last  some  Time  now.  Scott  holds 
out  a  torn  paper  inscribed  Easting's  Defence,  saying,  Canyon  Mend  this  for 
me  Master  Crispin.  Over  Dundas 's  knees  hang  papers  inscribed  India  Bill, 
Arbitrary  Power,  and  Secre{i\  Influ[ence].  He  looks  at  Scott,  saying,  They 
want  new  Souls!  But  Fll  try  what  can  be  done.  The  doorway  above  his 
head  is  inscribed.  Cobbling  for  Exportation  by  Harry  Dunass. 

A  satire  on  the  influence  over  Pitt  of  Dundas,  and  on  their  expected 
protection  of  Hastings.  The  resolutions  of  censure  on  Hastings  of  May 
1782  (see  No.  6915)  had  been  moved  by  Dundas  and  on  17  Feb.  1786 
Burke  requested  the  Clerk  to  read  them,  ironically  suggesting  that  Dundas 

294 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

was  the  man  to  take  action  against  Hastings.  Dundas  had  moved,  14  Apr. 
1783,  for  leave  to  bring  in  an  India  Bill  (cf.  No.  6940).   The  Shop  Tax, 
see  No.  6798,  &c.,  was  reduced  in  1786.    For  secret  influence  cf.  No. 
6417,  &c. 
8X12J  in. 

6937  THE  APRIL  FOOL  OR  THE  FOLLIES  OF  A  NIGHT. 

Published  I'*  April  1786,  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse, 
N"  J,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  a  set  of  prints  on  the  marriage 
of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  No.  6924,  &c.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  and  the 
Prince  of  Wales  dance ;  she  holds  out  her  apron  in  her  r.  hand,  his  1.  arm 
is  raised  as  if  dancing  a  Scots  reel ;  he  appears  about  to  take  her  1.  hand. 
The  musicians  are  Burke,  Weltje,  and  Hanger:  Weltje,  wearing  a  hat,  sits 
(1.)  on  a  low  stool,  beating  a  pistol  upon  a  warming-pan  which  he  holds 
between  his  knees.  Burke  stands  behind  him  holding  a  gridiron  in  the 
manner  of  a  violin  and  with  a  pair  of  tongs  as  bow.  He  says.  Oh  Burn  the 
Pan  it  is  not  Beautifull.  Weltje  answers,  Damme  but  His  Sublime  (one  of 
many  allusions  to  Burke's  book).  George  Hanger  stands  (r.)  beating  the 
heavy  end  of  his  bludgeon  on  a  salt-box ;  he  is  stamping  and  dancing,  his 
hat  is  on  the  ground  at  his  feet.  Through  an  aperture  in  the  wall  behind 
his  head  is  seen  an  ornate  bed,  decorated  with  triple  ostrich  plumes; 
behind  the  pillows  is  a  cross.  Two  pictures,  both  inscribed  Hamlet,  are 
on  the  wall :  on  the  1.  the  Lord  Chamberlain  with  his  wand  (Lord  Salisbury 
as  Polonius)  approaches  George  III,  saying,  /  will  be  brief  your  noble  son 
is  mad.  On  the  r.  Laertes  addresses  Ophelia,  saying : 

He  may  not  as  inferior  persons  do 

carve  for  himself  for  on  his  choice  depends 

the  sanity  [sic]  &  health  of  the  whole  state. 

On  the  floor,  in  the  foreground,  lie  two  books  and  a  paper  inscribed 
respectively.  Bold  Stroke  for  a  Wife  [Mrs.  Centlivre] ;  Clandestine  Marriage 
[Colman  and  Garrick] ;  and  77/  have  a  Wife  of  my  own.   Beneath  the  title 

is  engraved.  As  performed  at  the  Theatre  Royal,  C n  [Carlton]  House 

for  the  Benifit  of  the  Widow  Wadman.  A  patterned  carpet  completes  the 
design. 

April  Fool;  or.  The  Follies  of  a  Night,  a  farce  by  MacNally  (not  men- 
tioned by  Genest),  was  played  i  Apr.  1786  at  Covent  Garden,  but  was 
not  printed.   Baker,  Biographia  Dramatica,  1812. 
9fXi4iin. 

6937  A  A  later  state,  very  worn,  with  the  same  date:  a  settee  has  been 
added  against  the  wall  behind  the  Prince,  and  there  is  additional  shading 
on  the  floor,  background,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxvii. 

6938  YOUNG  GEORGE  &  HIS  WIFE. 

Published  April  r^  iy86  by  S.  W.  Fores  iV«  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  Profile  portraits  of 
the  Prince  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  arranged  as  in  No.  6933,  except  that  the 

295 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Prince's  head  is  higher  than  that  of  the  lady,  and  apparently  an  imitation 
of  that  print.  Both  are  more  plainly  dressed,  without  feathers  or  favours 
in  their  hats. 
3iiX3isin. 

6939  THE  COMMON  STAGE  WAGGING  FROM  BROOKES'S 
INN  ST  JAMES  STREET  (PAPERS  MOVED  ON  YE  SHORTEST 
NOTICE) 

London  puhlishd  as  the  Act  directs  April  i^  iy86  by  Alex''  M'Kenzie 
N""  loi  Berwick  Street  Soho 

Engraving.  A  stage-wagon  drawn  (1.  to  r.)  by  four  horses  with  human 
heads,  whose  large,  hairy  ears  suggest  asses  rather  than  horses.  The  wagon 
is  inscribed  Fox.  Sheridan  &  Pennylus.  India  Papers.  It  is  piled  with 
books  and  documents,  inscribed  Vol.  cxiiy  Letters  &c,  India  Papers j  Private 
Correspondence y  and  Delhi.  The  tilt  or  cover,  which  is  pushed  back  to  show 
the  papers,  is  punningly  inscribed  To  Battle  Hastings.  The  two  leaders  are 
led  by  a  demon  who  flourishes  a  whip ;  both  have  rosaries  with  crosses 
round  their  necks;  the  near  leader  is  Burke  wearing  his  Jesuit's  biretta 
(cf.  No.  6026),  the  other  has  some  resemblance  to  Sheridan.  The  near 
wheeler  is  Fox,  the  off  wheeler  resembles  Lord  Surrey:  the  rosary  would 
be  more  appropriate  to  him  than  to  Sheridan.  In  the  background  is 
Brooks's,  the  cornice  inscribed  Brooks's  hot-hell.  The  building  is  drawn 
with  topographical  correctness,  and  resembles  Malton's  plate  of  1800, 
except  that  it  is  detached  on  the  north  as  well  as  the  south.  On  the  extreme 
1.,  behind  the  demon,  is  a  post  supporting  a  placard  inscribed.  In  a  Few 
Days  will  be  performd  a  Comedy  called  Impeachment  by  a  Ragged  Company 
(late)  His  Majesty s  Servants  Principal  Characters  by  M''  A.  M'  C.  M'  F. 
M'  B  ikf  D.  M'  G.  [William  Adam.?,  John  Courtenay  (or  Lord  Carlisle), 
Fox,  Burke,  Lord  Derby. ^]  Below  the  title  is  etched:  N.B.  the  Proprietors 
{never)  Ac(^  for  Plate  ^  Money  ^  lewels,  Notes  or  Bonds. 

A  satire  on  the  pending  impeachment  of  Hastings,  see  No.  6925,  &c. 
A  companion  print  to  No.  6940  by  the  same  artist. 
8|xi2jin. 

6940  [THE  SHOP  TAX.] 

London  Published  as  the  Act  directs  April  i^  iy86  by  A  M'^Kenzie 
Ar«  JO  J  Berwick  Street  Soho 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  6939  by  the  same  artist.  Four  men 
stagger  (1.  to  r.)  bearing  on  their  backs  buildings  representing  Edinburgh^ 
York  (with  the  Minster),  Bristol  with  its  churches,  London  with  St.  Paul's, 
Westminster  with  the  Abbey,  the  last  two  joined  together.  On  the  r. 
Dundas  stands  beside  a  block  inscribed  India  House,  which  has  fallen 
down,  its  facade  being  uppermost.  He  says,  Jenky  do  help  me  up  with  this 
India  business.  Jenkinson  stands  on  the  extreme  r.  carrying  a  hod  and  a 
bundle  of  plasterer's  laths ;  he  says,  /  cannot  stay  Dundass  I  have  not  yet 
stoppd  up  all  my  Windows.  Behind  him  is  the  corner  of  a  building  on  which 
is  a  placard.  For  a  Publick  Benefit  Represented  zi/^  universal  Murmuring  one 
Act  called  the  Shoplifters  the  principal  Characters  by  young  Premier  from 

^  The  identity  of  Mr.  G.  is  mysterious:  Grey  was  not  a  M.P.  till  July  1786,  his 
maiden  speech  being  on  21  Feb.  1787. 

296 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

Chathafn.  Master  Prettyman  Steele  &c  &c  NB  Tickets  issued  by  Mess 
Skinner  Stock  &c  inadmissible  NB  the  Author  of  Fortification  has  with- 
drawn his  Entertainment  Vivant  Rex  and  Regnia  [«ic].  The  men  carrying 
the  cities  walk  across  bare  land ;  in  the  distance  is  a  man  ploughing.  The 
foreground  (1.)  is  inscribed,  Vast  tracts  of  land  to  Lett  enquire  in  Dozening 
Street.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

When  Charley  but  an  India  House  had  laid  upon  His  Back 
The  Nabobs  loudly  hiss'd  at  him!  Directors  halloo'd  Quack 
Their  Angel*  (now  a  Devil  [Pitt]  tum*d  and  fearless  to  Invade 
Packs  Cities,  Towns,  upon  his  Imps  and  runs  away  with  Trade. 
*  See  the  Addresses  and  Thanks  on  a  change  of  Ministry. 

For  the  Addresses  (1784)  in  favour  of  Pitt  see  No.  6438,  &c. ;  for  his 
unpopularity  over  the  Shop  Tax,  No.  6799,  &c.  Petitions  for  its  repeal 
were  debated  on  2  Mar.  1786;  the  repeal  was  rejected  but  Pitt  brought 
in  a  Bill  reducing  the  rate.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxv.  1164!?.  On  23  Feb.  Mr.  Stock 
of  Ludgate  Hill  gave  evidence  at  the  bar  of  the  House  on  behalf  of  the 
London  shopkeepers.  London  Chronicle,  24  Feb.  Dr.  Pretyman  (Pitt's 
secretary  and  Cambridge  tutor)  and  Thomas  Steele,  Secretary  to  the  Treas- 
ury, as  personal  friends  of  Pitt  were  the  subject  of  much  ridicule  by  the 
Opposition  wits,  cf.  No.  7147;  Rolliad,  Nos.  IV,  VHI;  Probationary  Odes, 
No.  XVH ;  Prettymaniana,  &c.  For  Richmond's  abortive  fortifications  see 
No.  6921,  &c.  For  Fox's  India  Bill  see  No.  6271,  &c.  For  the  Shop  Tax 
see  No.  6798,  &c.  For  Dundas  and  India  see  No.  6936.  Jenkinson  blocked 
up  many  windows  at  his  country  house,  Addiscombe  Place,  to  escape  the 
window  tax.^  For  this  he  was  ridiculed  by  Courtenay,  10  May  1785: 
*  persons  .  .  .  notwithstanding  they  had  six  or  eight  sinecure  pensions,  had 
thought  proper  to  block  up  most  of  their  windows  .  .  .'.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv. 
573;  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  123.  See  No.  6630. 
10X15  in. 


6941  THE  PADLOCK.  TO  BE.  OR  NOT  TO  BE.  A  QUEEN!  IS 
THE  QUESTION 

Published  April  the  y^  iy86  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  his  Caracature  Ware- 
house N°  3  Piccadilly  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  One  of  a  set  of  prints 
on  the  suspected  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  Nos.  6924,  6942,  &c. 
The  scene  is  the  churchyard  of  a  country  church,  a  Gothic  building  partly 
visible  on  the  extreme  r.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.),  in  a  riding-habit  and  a 
large  feathered  hat,  leads  the  Prince  (1.)  towards  the  church  door;  in  her 
1.  hand  is  a  riding-switch  and  a  padlock  with  a  chain.  She  turns  to  him, 
saying : 

Oh!  fie  my  dear,  let's  go  unto  the  Alter; 

And  then  you  know  our  conscience  cannot  falter. 

'  Cf.   Congratulatory  Ode  to  the  Right  Hon.  Charles  Jenkinson,  on  his  being 
created  Lord  Hawkeshury  [21  Aug.  1786]: 

Your  very  roof  is  chilling. 
There  Bounty  never  spreads  her  ray ; 
You  e'en  shut  out  the  light  of  day, 
To  save  a  paltry  shilling. 

297 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  Prince,  in  riding-dress,  looks  towards  her,  but  holds  out  his  hat 
towards  a  flat  gravestone,  on  which  his  r.  foot  rests,  saying : 

'Twas  there  the  famous  Catherine  W [Wade] 

And  the  more  famous  Taylor  laid: 
Who  after  strugling  hours  two; 
Yielded  their  breath:  leVs  do  so  too. 

The  tombstone  is  inscribed : 

Here  on  this  Stone  were  laid 

Tom  Stitch  and  Kitty  W  .  .  .  . 

'Twas  here  they  languishd  here  they  sighed 

And  here  dear  Souls  they  Four  times  died^ 

an  allusion  to  the  trial  for  rape  of  a  Brighton  tailor,  see  No.  6942,  &c.,  and 
to  the  popular  chap-book  (various  editions,  c.  1 750-1 824),  Wanton  Tom; 
or  the  merry  History  of  Tom  Stitch  the  Taylor.  The  Prince's  friends  and 
satellites  peep  at  the  couple  from  behind  tombstones:  in  the  foreground 
on  the  extreme  r.  kneels  Weltje,  Behind  a  rectangular  tomb  on  the  extreme 
I.  are  the  profile  heads  of  Fox  and  Hanger.  Fox  says,  Will  they  stop  in  the 
Porch;  Hanger  says.  And  follow  the  Taylors  Example.  Near  them  North, 
asleep,  supports  his  head  on  a  stone  inscribed  He  is  not  Dead  But  Sleepeth 
here.  In  the  distance  (r.)  a  man  in  riding-dress  crouches  behind  a  tomb. 
The  title  is  from  Bickerstaffe's  popular  comic  opera  The  Padlock  (1768). 
9iixi4im. 

6942  WHICH  IS  THE  BETTER  MAN  OR  THE  POT  CALLS  THE 
KETTLE  BLACK  A E 

Published  5^*  Aprils  iy86,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caricature-Ware- 
house, N°  J,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  One  of  a  set  of  prints 
on  the  suspected  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  No.  6924,  &c.  The 
Prince  (r.)  and  a  tailor  (1.)  are  fighting,  each  supported  by  a  woman.  The 
tailor  fights  with  a  yard-measure  inscribed  The  Brighton  Taylors  Yard,  using 
his  goose  or  iron  as  a  shield ;  he  says,  Well  have  no  Idolatry.  His  cap  resembles 
a  fool's  cap;  his  stockings  are  ungartered;  his  shears  lie  at  his  feet.  The 
Prince  raises  a  bludgeon  similar  to  the  one  carried  by  Hanger  (see  No.  6924, 
&c.),  its  head  being  the  profile  head  of  Hanger;  it  is  inscribed.  The  Royal 
Bang  you  or  Whapp  ye.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  rolled  document  inscribed 
Matrt[mo]ny\  he  says.  There  shall  be  no  Fornication.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert 
stands  on  the  extreme  r.  holding  up  her  hand  admonishingly  and  saying. 
Stand  stiff  for  the  Sex  Georggy.  Behind  the  tailor  (1.)  stands  a  young 
woman  in  profile  and  pregnant  (Kitty  Wade),  raising  her  1.  fist  and  saying, 
/'//  Wade  to  my  middle  for  Snip.  In  her  r.  hand  are  a  cucumber  and  onions, 
the  tailor's  emblems,  cf.  No.  5805.  Behind  this  couple  is  the  tailor's 
house,  inscribed,  J.  Motherhill — Womans  Taylor.  Behind  Mrs.  Fitzherbert 
is  an  inn,  of  which  she  appears  to  be  the  landlady,  with  a  signpost  sur- 
mounted by  a  crown :  George  &  ye  Dragon,  with  St.  George  on  horseback 
killing  the  dragon.  John  Motherill  was  a  Brighton  tailor  tried  for  rape 
against  one  Catherine  Wade.  A  shorthand  account  of  the  trial  was  pub- 
lished. Rambler's  Magazine,  1786,  p.  125.  Cf.  Nos.  6941,  7076. 
9|Xi5in. 

298 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

THE  MORNING  AFTER  MARRIAGE— OR— A  SCENE  ON  THE 
CONTINENT. 

See  No.  7298.   It  appears  to  have  been  first  issued  5  April  1786. 

6943  THE  ROYAL  SOCIETY. 

Published  iP^  April  Ij86^  by  S.  W,  Fores  y  at  the  Caricature  Ware^ 
hou^e,  N°  3j  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  One  of  a  set  of  prints 
on  the  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  No.  6924,  &c.  The  Prince 
presides  at  a  carouse  round  a  circular  table.  His  chair  is  above  the  level 
of  the  table  on  which  he  puts  his  1.  foot,  crushing  a  wine-bottle ;  his  r.  hand 
rests  on  the  shoulder  of  ( ?)  Sheridan,  his  1.  holds  a  wine-glass  above  his 
head;  he  says,  Fall  too  Ye  royal  crew!  Drink  Drink!  your  bellies  full!  pray 
do!  Ai  treats  I  never  winces.  Five  men  (r.)  are  seated  on  his  1. :  next  him 
is  Fox,  holding  a  dice-box,  and  offering  coins  to  Lord  Derby  on  the 
opposite  side  of  the  table;  a  pack  of  cards  is  beside  him.  Next  him  is 
Burke,  looking  admiringly  towards  the  Prince.  Next  is  North.  In  the 
foreground  sits  George  Hanger  drinking,  his  long  nose  much  caricatured ; 
between  his  knees  he  holds  his  club  or  shillelagh.  Behind  his  chair 
sits  Keppel.  On  the  1.  side  of  the  table  and  on  the  Prince's  r.  is  first 
{ ?)  Sheridan,  then  Weltje,  then  Topham  (a  Ministerialist  journaUst),  then 
Lord  Derby,  leaning  on  the  table  and  pointing  to  two  coins.  Next  is  a  man 
in  naval  uniform,^  turning  away  from  the  table,  resting  his  head  on  his  arms 
which  are  on  the  back  of  his  chair.  On  the  table  beside  him  is  an  open 
music-book  inscribed.  Catches  Glees  Which  is  the  properest  Day  to  Drink 
Saturday.  In  the  foreground  sits  a  stout  and  jovial-looking  man.^  Most 
of  the  guests  are  holding  glasses.  A  punch-bowl,  decanters,  glasses,  a 
lemon,  two  dishes  of  fruit  are  on  the  table.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  high 
window  draped  with  curtains.  A  picture  on  the  wall  (r.)  connects  the  scene 
with  the  Prince's  marriage:  a  bishop  (1.)  with  a  book  marries  a  couple  in 
quasi-Elizabethan  costume. 

Cf.  a  letter  from  Hugh  Elliot  to  Pitt  from  Brighton,  17  Oct.  1785, 
endorsed  by  Pitt  'Shewn  to  the  King'.  'H.R.H.  risks  being  lost  to  himself, 
his  family  and  his  country  if  a  total  and  sudden  change  does  not  take  place.' 
Quoted  from  Pitt  MSS.  105  by  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  p.  396. 
In  1786  Carlton  House  'exhibited  a  perpetual  scene  of  excess'.  Wraxall, 
Memoirsy  1884,  p.  306.  Cf.  No.  6944. 
9|xi4|in. 

6944  THE  ROYAL  ACADEMY. 

Published  i^^  April  iy86y  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Ware- 
houscy  N°  5,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6943.  The 
Prince  of  Wales  and  George  Hanger  are  being  instructed  in  the  principles 
of  boxing.  Hanger  (1.)  strikes  an  attitude  with  clenched  fist,  under  the 
direction  of  an  instructor  (r.)  who  points  at  him.  The  Prince  (c.)  takes  a 
boxing  pose.  Behind  the  instructor  (r.)  is  a  chair  on  which  are  the  Prince's 
coat  with  its  star  and  a  paper,  Martin  Boxing  Master.   On  the  ground  is 

^  Perhaps  Admiral  Hugh  Pigot,  see  No.  5996,  &c.  (1782). 

^  Perhaps  Captain  Morris  (to  whom  the  music-book  may  belong). 

299 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

an  open  book,  Leson  the  first.  Hanger's  coat  and  hat  are  on  the  ground 
behind  him.  On  the  wall  are  two  brackets  supporting  (1.)  the  Dying 
Gladiator,  and  (r.)  a  man  striking  a  prostrate  enemy  with  a  dagger.  Two 
pictures  represent  a  duelling  scene  (1.)  and  a  landscape  with  Windsor 
Castle  (r.). 
9fXi4iiin. 

6945  A  NEW  WAY  TO  PAY  THE  NATIONAL-DEBT. 

[Gillray.]   Designed  by  Helagabalis.  Executed  by  Sejanus. 

Pu¥  April  21  iy86.  by  Will""  Hollandy  N°  66  Drury  Lane 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  George  HI  and  Queen 
Charlotte  stand  before  the  open  gate  of  the  Treasury ,  from  which  Pitt  has 
just  wheeled  a  barrow  laden  with  money-bags.  Pitt,  the  straps  of  the 
barrow  round  his  shoulders,  his  coat-pocket  bulging  with  guineas, 
obsequiously  hands  the  king  a  money-bag.  George  HI  stands  full-face, 
legs  astride,  a  money-bag  inscribed  £100000  under  his  r.  arm,  another 
in  his  r.  hand  and  all  his  pockets  overflowing  with  guineas.  Queen  Charlotte 
(1.)  stands  on  his  r.  taking  a  pinch  of  snuff,  and  looking  up  at  him  with 
a  smile  of  greedy  and  satisfied  cunning ;  in  her  apron  is  a  heap  of  guineas. 
Military  officers  wearing  high  cocked  hats  with  feather  trimmings  (in  a 
French  fashion),  and  long  pigtail  queues,  stand  round  the  King  and  Queen, 
in  a  semicircle,  in  front  of  the  spiked  gates  of  the  Treasury,  playing  musical 
instruments :  fifes,  bassoons,  a  horn,  &c.  The  pockets  of  the  two  in  the 
foreground  (1.  and  r.)  are  crammed  with  guineas,  those  of  the  others, 
presumably  equally  full,  are  concealed.  They  represent  the  placemen  and 
Ministerialists  of  the  Treasury  Bench.  The  most  prominent  (r.)  is  probably 
Lord  Sydney.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  an  old  sailor,  armless  and  with  two 
wooden  legs,  sits  on  the  ground,  his  empty  hat  before  him.  On  the  r.  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  in  rags,  hesitates  to  take  a  paper  inscribed  Accept  £200000 
from  your  Friend  Orleans y  which  a  slim  and  foppish  Frenchman,  in  bag- wig 
and  chapeau-braSy  standing  on  the  extreme  r.,  offers  him,  taking  his  hand. 
He  is  very  different  from  the  heavily  built  Due  d 'Orleans  (who  succeeded 
his  father  in  Nov.  1785)  who  had  recently  presented  his  portrait  by 
Reynolds  (now  at  Hampton  Court)  to  the  Prince  of  Wales.  He  had 
adopted  the  English  manner  of  dress  and  made  it  fashionable  in  France. 
See  Britsch,  Lajeunesse  de  Philippe  ^galite,  1926,  pp.  417,  419. 

On  the  Treasury  wall  is  a  number  of  placards  and  torn  shreds  of  paper : 
Charity  A  Romance  (torn) ;  God  save  the  King  (torn) ;  Last  Dying  Speech  of 
Fifty-Four  Malefactors  executed  for  robbing  a  Hen-Roosty  headed  by  a 
number  of  bodies  hanging  from  a  gibbet  (an  allusion  to  the  king's  farming 
activities  at  Windsor,  see  No.  6918,  &c.) ;  a  bill  headed  by  a  violin  and  bow 
and  inscribed  From  Germany  just  arrived  a  large  &  Royal  Asortment  (on 
the  king's  fondness  for  German  musicians) ;  (Economy  an  old  Song  (torn) ; 
British  Property  a  Farce  (torn);  Just  publish' d  for  the  Benefit  of  Posterity: 
The  Dying  Groans  of  Liberty ;  a  placard  with  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers 
and  the  motto  Ich  Starve  (torn),  in  place  of  Ich  dien,  and  another  with  two 
clasped  hands  and  the  word  Orleans  (torn).  The  last  two  are  above  the 
heads  of  the  Prince  and  the  Due  d'Orleans.  After  the  title  is  etched. 
Dedicated  to  Mons^  Necker. 

A  satire  on  the  debates  of  5  and  6  Apr.  1786  on  Pitt's  motion  for  a  grant 
of  ;£2io,ooo  to  discharge  the  debts  on  the  Civil  List.  ParL  Hist.  xxv.  1348- 

300 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

57;  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  304-7.  Fox  urged  an  additional  grant  for 
the  Prince,  whose  debts  were  notorious.  For  the  proposed  loan  by  Orleans 
see  the  letter  of  the  Duke  of  Portland  to  Sheridan  13  Dec.  1786,  quoted, 
Huish,  Memoirs  of  George  IV y  i.  168-9.  Portland  was  anxious  to  get  rid 
*of  this  odious  engagement'.    For  Necker  cf.  No.  5657  (1780). 

The  first  of  many  allusions  to  the  supposed  miserliness  of  the  King  and 
Queen,  see  No.  7836,  &c.    For  the  Prince's  debts  see  No.  6967,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  79-81  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  18. 
I5fxi9jin. 

6946  GOING  TO  MARKET. 

Published  April  24^  iy86  by  S.  Trent  N  i.  New  Street  Covent  Garden. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  farm-yard  scene  with  Windsor  Castle 
on  a  hill  in  the  background.  George  III,  wearing  a  smock  frock,  his  Garter 
ribbon  hanging  down  his  leg,  and  holding  a  pitchfork,  gives  orders  to  two 
guardsmen  who  are  taking  his  carrots  and  turnips  to  market  (as  in  Nos. 
6947,  7915).  One  rides  off  (r.),  the  vegetables  on  the  back  of  his  saddle,  the 
other  loads  his  horse  with  a  bundle.  Outside  a  farm-building  (r.)  Queen 
Charlotte  scatters  corn  to  chickens. 

George  Ill's  admirable  farming  activities  in  the  Great  Park  at  Windsor, 
on  land  reclaimed  from  marsh,  were  a  favourite  subject  of  ridicule,  see 
No.  6918,  &c.  They  were  usually  associated  with  insinuations  of  miserli- 
ness, an  allegation  first  appearing  in  No.  6945,  cf. 

Let  great  George  his  porkers  bilk. 
And  give  his  maids  the  sour  skim-milk. 

'Song'  (n.d.)  in  Political  Miscellanies ,  1790,  &c. 
6iiX9iiin. 

6947  THE  FARM  YARD. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  Apr^^  2g.  iy86  by  S,  W.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse  N°  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  farm-yard  scene 
with  Windsor  Castle  in  the  distance  (r.).  In  the  centre  four  pigs  feed  at 
a  trough;  George  III  (r.)  and  Queen  Charlotte  (1.)  stand  on  each  side  of 
it  facing  each  other  in  profile,  both  slightly  caricatured.  At  the  King's  feet 
are  a  bucket  and  a  young  pig.  The  Queen  scatters  grain  to  chickens  and 
ducks.  On  the  r.  a  guardsman  walks  off  carrying  a  bundle  of  turnips  across 
his  shoulder  (see  No.  6946).  In  the  background  (1.)  are  haystacks  and  farm 
buildings ;  from  one  projects  the  sign  of  a  royal  crown  inverted.  A  young 
woman  (probably  one  of  the  princesses)  advances  with  a  basket  (cf.  No. 
7897).  On  the  r.  is  a  large  placard  on  a  post.  Mantraps  &  Spring  Guns, 
Behind  it  are  sheep. 

Similar  in  intention  to  No.  6946,  but  more  elaborate  and  better  drawn. 
For  the  man-traps  cf.  No.  7399  and  Peter  Pindar  (Wolcot)  in  Epistle  to 
James  Boswell Esq.  [1786]  on  George  III: 

He,  ev^ry  body  knows,  and  evWy  thing  \ 

Which  clever  smith,  the  prettiest  man-trap  makes, 
301 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

with  the  note,  'His  M y  hath  planted  a  number  of  those  trusty 

guardians  around  his  park  at  Windsor,  for  the  benefit  of  the  pubHc' 

The  print  is  described  by  Angelo,  who  attributes  it  to  Kingsbury. 
Reminiscences ^  1904,  i.  326. 
lOj^gXisin. 

6948  POOR  VULCAN  AND  HIS  CYCLOPS  PREPARING  IMPEACH- 
MENT PROOF. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J.  Brown,  May  fair,  April  2g^^  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  blacksmith's  forge ;  Fox  (centre)  holds 
a  piece  of  iron,  inscribed  Proof,  on  the  anvil  which  Burke  (1.)  raises  his 
hammer  to  strike.  A  second  hammer-man  raises  his  hammer,  his  arms 
conceaHng  his  head;  he  is  probably  Francis.  North  (r.)  kneels  blowing  up 
the  fire  with  his  mouth,  his  bellows  hang  on  the  wall  behind  him.  All  wear 
leather  aprons  and  are  in  shirt-sleeves,  North  wearing  his  ribbon.  Fox 
supports  himself  with  a  crutch ;  his  1.  sleeve  is  torn  at  the  elbow,  revealing 
two  dice  inscribed,  D^  Brookes's  Elbow  Grease,  an  allusion  to  his  gaming 
at  Brooks's,  cf.  Nos.  5972,  6013,  &c.  The  anvil  consists  of  two  blocks: 
on  the  upper  is  drawn  a  brooding  hen  with  the  head  of  Burke  sitting  on 
scrolls  inscribed  Murder  and  (reversed)  Peculation-,  on  the  lower  block 
Burke,  armless  and  legless,  lies  face  downwards,  his  head  resting  on  a 
pointed  weapon  inscribed  Impeachment',  beneath  is  etched.  The  Force  of 
Envy.  On  the  wall  above  the  anvil  is  a  piece  of  crumpled  sheet  metal, 
inscribed  Accusation.  A  large  piece  of  rough  iron  lies  on  the  ground  (r.) 
inscribed  Impeachment. 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  impending  impeachment  of  Warren 
Hastings,  see  No.  6925,  &c.   Peculation  is  evidently  an  allusion  to  Powell, 
see  No.  6926. 
8|Xi3|in. 

POST  HORSE  DUTY,  dated  30  Apr.  1786,  an  apparent  error  for  1787, 
is  catalogued  under  that  date,  see  No.  7159. 

6949  AN  EXTRAVAGANZA  OR  YOUNG  SOLOMON  BESIEGING 
FITZHUBBUB. 

Published  May  J*'  iy86  by  W.  S.  Fores  at  the  Carracature  Ware- 
House  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  6954.  Design  in  a  circle.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  sits  on  a  settee ;  the  Prince 
of  Wales  kneels  at  her  feet,  holding  her  1.  hand,  his  r.  hand  on  his  breast ; 
they  face  each  other  in  profile,  her  expression  calculating,  his  artless. 
She  wears  a  very  large  hat  trimmed  with  three  feathers ;  in  her  r.  hand  is 
a  paper  inscribed.  Articles  of  Capitulation  8,000  Per  An.  A  Duchess  in  my 
own  right.  The  mockery  of  Marriage  by  a  Priest  and  a  Parson.  The  words 
are  followed  by  a  cross  and  a  rosary.  Behind  her,  on  the  back  of  the  settee, 
sits  an  owl,  emblem  of  wisdom.  Above  the  Prince's  head,  within  a  frame, 
as  if  in  a  picture,  are  a  braying  ass's  head,  a  fool's  cap,  and  a  birch-rod. 
Outside  the  circle,  in  the  corners  of  the  plate,  are  four  inscriptions : 

302 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

[i]    ''She 's  wholly  your's.  My  heart 's  so  full  of  joy 
''That  I  shall  do  some  wild  extravagance 
"Of  love  inptiblicky  and  the  foolish  worldy 
"Which  knows  not  tenderness,  will  think  me  mad." 

[2]    *  *  Go!  whither  ?  go  from  all  that 's  excellent! 
"Faith,  honour,  virtue,  all  good  things,  forbid 
"That  I  should  go  from  her  on  whom  my  love  is  set 
"Above  the  price  of  kingdoms.   Give,  ye  gods! 
"Give  to  your  boy,  your  Caesar, 
"  This  rattle  of  a  globe  to  play  withal, 
"This  gewgaw  world,  and  put  him  cheaply  off; 
*ril  not  be  pleas' d  with  less  than'* 

[3]  The  Governess  of  the  Fort,  and  Garrison  of  Fitzhubbub ;  after  apolitical 
resistance  of  time  prpper,  surrenders  to  the  besieger;  as  by  the  articles  of 
capitulation. 

[4]    It  would  be  sin. 

That  I , 

Should  want  a  cap  and  rod. 

Yet  no  one  fears, 

But  with  long  ears. 

He  will  be  crowned  a  God. 

One  of  many  prints  on  the  suspected  marriage,  see  No.  6924,  &c.   As 
in  No.  6953  the  Prince  is  the  tool  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert. 
Diam.,  9  J  in. 

6950  THE  HUMBUG  WEDDING  [i  May  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  interior  of  a  bedroom,  the 
Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  in  a  bed,  which  is  decorated  with 
the  royal  arms  and  triple  ostrich  plume.  The  King  and  Queen  enter 
through  a  door  (r.) ;  he  holds  a  document  inscribed  Act  Pari  (the  Marriage 
Act  of  1772,  see  No.  4970,  which  forbade  the  marriage  of  a  prince  or 
princess  of  the  blood  under  the  age  of  twenty-six  without  the  King's  con- 
sent). Beside  the  bed  stands  a  monk  with  an  open  book,  who  raises  his 
finger  admonishingly  to  the  King  and  Queen.  An  elderly  man  (1.)  writes 
at  a  table.  On  the  wall  is  a  portrait  of  Fox,  above  the  door  a  picture  of  a 
crucifix. 

Fox  was  falsely  reputed  to  have  abetted  the  marriage  which  he  had  tried 
to  prevent,  see  No.  6928,  &c. 
SigX3igin. 

6951  THE  D E'S  FORTIFICATION  BLOWN  UP. 

[i  May  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  Three  men  are  blown  into  the 
air  by  an  explosion,  the  central  figure  being  the  Duke  of  Richmond  seated 
astride  a  gun,  the  carriage  of  which  falls  to  the  ground.  The  other  two  are 
falling  headlong;  from  one  (probably  Pitt)  falls  a  Bill  to  fortify.  Guns  and 
stones  from  the  fortifications  also  fly  up  from  the  explosion,  which  has 

303 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

been  caused  by  the  firebrand  of  the  Speaker,  Cornwall,  who  stands  on  the 
1.,  smiling  with  satisfaction,  the  smoke  from  his  brand  inscribed  Casting 
Pole  (see  No.  6919).  Two  sailors  stand  in  a  boat  (r.)  waving  their  hats  with 
exultation  at  the  disaster. 

For  the  defeat  of  Richmond's  plan  for  fortifying  Portsmouth  and 
Plymouth  see  No.  6921,  &c. 
3^X51  in. 


6952  H(EYE)S  GR(ACE)ES  LA(MEN)TAT(EYE)ON.     [i  May  1786] 
[His  Grace's  Lamentation.] 

Printed  hieroglyphic  letter,  with  small  woodcuts  representing  objects, 
indicated  by  the  words  in  brackets.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine,  iv.  148. 

(Awl)(ass)!  my  /fo(bee)(bee)j;  (horse)  ^(ass)  r(yew)w  his  (head)  ^^^(inn)^^ 
a  (pea)o5^  (4°)/(eye)(cat)(eye)o«^,  ram(pe3.)artSy  (bastion  })sy  andgarr(tyty 
(sons),  fare{yft\\).  The  (hee)reath  of  (one)  (man)  /f(ass)  (bee)/(ass)^^^  (awl) 
my  (ass)(pea)(eye)r(inn)^  c{2iss)les.  (Arm)(eye)^^,  leg{tyt)ons,  can  now  /(&) 
«;(eye)^A(inn)  th{eye)s  (eye)5/(&),  «;(hen)  the  (Devil)  (can)(knot)  (bee) 
fl(bell)  (toe)  r^/(urn)  (bee)(inn)^  (inn)(cap)a(bell)  0/ to(pea)(inn)^  w{eye)th 
(Bee)r(eye)(tun)5.  (Butt)  «;(hat)  gall{eye)c  r(sLSs)cal  can  dare  (toe)  exh{tyty 
(bee)(eye)<  his  l(ant)tern  jaw  d  f{2ice).  A  s(mn)gle  reg{eye)m{men)t  of 
(Bee)r(eye)(tun)5  (can)  make  {c2ip)t{eye)ves  o/(awl)  th{eye)r  (men),  ra{eye)se 
(awl)  th{eye)r  (woman)j  (bell)/(eye)^j,  &  shew  (man)/j(eye)«J  ^(hat)  (awl)- 
(hee)ion's  sons  (can)(knot)  (bee)  s{ycw)rp{2iss)ed  (inn)  val{eye)o(yew)r  (man)- 
hood  &  {c2ip)ac(eye)ty.  (Well)  at  (last)  (eye)  5/i(awl)  t(yGw)rn  my  (i's)  (toe) 
(toe)«;^r  d(eye)tchy  (pea)/(ant)  (hec)atter(cyc)es  there,  (toe)  s{eye)lence 
unc{Gye)v{eye)l  Speakers. 

For  the  Duke  of  Richmond's  plan  of  fortifications  'blasted'  by  *one 
man',  the  Speaker,  see  No.  6921,  &c. 
6iX4iin. 


6953  THE  INTRODUCTION  OF  F [FITZHERBERT]  TO  ST 

JAMES'S. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  May  3^  by  A  Sherlock  Princes  Street  Lambeth 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  procession  walks  (1.  to  r.)  along  Pall 
Mall  towards  the  gateway  of  St.  James's  Palace.  George  Hanger  marches 
in  front  beating  a  drum,  one  of  his  drumsticks  being  a  birch-rod.  Behind 
him  Fox  and  North  march  together.  Fox  playing  the  flute.  North  the 
French  horn.  After  them  comes  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert 
seated  astride  his  shoulders,  her  breast  and  legs  much  exposed,  she  points 
authoritatively  to  St.  James's,  her  r.  hand  on  the  Prince's  head.  Behind 
(1.)  marches  Burke,  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026)  and  playing  the 
fife.  From  his  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Sublime,  in  allusion  to 
his  book.  In  the  background  houses  with  shop-fronts  are  freely  sketched. 
A  sentry  stands  on  each  side  of  the  palace  gate. 

The  Prince  is  represented  as  the  tool  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (cf.  No.  6949), 
with  the  Opposition  as  abettors  of  the  marriage,  see  No.  6932,  &c. 
9|Xi4jin. 

3,04 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 
6954  THE [PRINCE'S]  NURSERY  OR  NINE  MONTHS  AFTER 


[MARRIAGE] 


Published  9^*  May  iy86  by  S.  W,  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware-house 
A^"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6949.  Design 
in  a  circle.  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  sit  side  by 
side  on  two  upright  chairs ;  she  holds  on  her  knee  an  infant  in  long  clothes, 
which  the  Prince  watches  paternally.  Behind  her  (r.)  is  a  cradle  decorated 
with  ostrich  feathers.  Cf.  Nos.  6963,  6967,  6980,  6989,  7143,  7565. 
Diam.,  9!  in. 

6954  A  A  later  state  with  additions  but  with  the  same  date:  A  little  boy 
in  trousers  wearing  a  paper  cap  resembling  a  papal  crown,  and  holding  up 
a  cross-hilted  wooden  sword,  stands  (1.)  by  the  Prince.  On  the  wall  above 
the  Prince's  head  is  a  picture  of  a  bishop  christening  an  infant ;  the  parents, 
plainly  dressed,  stand  beside  the  font. 

6955  THE  POLITICAL-BANDITTI  ASSAILING  THE  SAVIOUR 
OF  INDIA. 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  May  ii^^  iy86.  by.  Will""  Holland  N"*  66  Drury  Lane, 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions). 
Hastings,  in  oriental  dress,  rides  (r.  to  1.)  a  camel.  He  and  the  camel  look 
down  with  dignified  contempt  at  Burke  (1.),  who  fires  a  blunderbuss  point- 
blank  at  the  Shield  of  Honour  on  Hastings's  1.  arm.  On  the  shield  is  a  crown. 
Behind  Hastings  are  Fox  and  North  (r.) :  Fox  raises  a  dagger  with  bur- 
lesqued gestures  and  an  expression  of  frenzied  rage ;  North,  very  short  and 
fat,  clutches  one  of  the  bags  behind  Hastings  inscribed  Lacks  Rupees  added 
to  the  Revenues  this  is  tied  to  another  inscribed  Rupees  D°.  The  three 
assailants  are  much  caricatured  and  all  wear  armour;  Burke,  grotesquely 
thin  and  like  some  malignant  insect,  wears  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026). 
He  somewhat  resembles  the  Don  Quixote  of  No.  7678,  &c.,  cf.  also  No. 
7158;  a  wallet  of  Charges  is  slung  across  his  shoulder,  bare  feet  project 
from  the  greaves  which  cover  his  legs.  North  wears  his  Garter  ribbon  over 
his  armour,  with  a  feathered  helmet  and  top-boots.  The  point  of  a  large 
sabre  with  a  damaged  blade  projects  through  the  tattered  scabbard  which 
is  inscribed  American  Subjugation.  Fox  wears  the  cloak  of  a  conspirator 
over  his  armour  (cf.  No.  6389,  &c.).  Hastings  (not  caricatured)  wears  a 
jewelled  turban,  floating  draperies,  trousers,  and  slippers;  his  camel  is 
heavily  draped.  On  its  back  are  bags,  inscribed  Saved  to  the  Company  and 
Eastern  Gems  for  the  British  Crown^  with  a  rolled  map.  Territories  acquired 
by  W.  Hastings.  The  background  is  a  mountainous  landscape. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  pending  impeachment  of  Hastings,  see 
No.  6925,  &c.  Similar  in  spirit  to  No.  7270.  Contrast  No.  7278,  also  by 
GiUray.  See  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^  1911,  pp.  224  ff.,  and  No. 
6979,  &c. 

Reproduced:  Social  England ^  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  499;  S.  C.  Roberts, 
Picture  Book  of  British  History^  iii,  1933,  p.  25.  Copy  by  Fairholt  in 
Wright,  Caricature  Hist,  of  the  Georges  [1868],  p.  421. 

Wright  and  Evans,  No.  31,  dated  1788,  when  the  plate  was  reissued. 
ii|xi6Jin. 

305  3C 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6955  A  A  reissue,  Published  1788  by  Will^  Holland  AT"  30  Oxford  Street 
Coloured  impression,  'Caricatures*,  iv.  3. 

6956  THING  O'  MY  IN  THE  CARACTER  OF  MACHEATH 

Vide  Begars  Opera 

Pu¥  May  22,iy86.  by  W.  Maynard  N"  i.  S*  Martins  Court  Leicester 
Fields. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  The  Prince  of  Wales, 
wearing  a  hat  and  his  star,  stands  full-face,  his  arms  slightly  extended,  as 
if  directing  attention  to  the  semicircle  of  eight  v^^omen  seated  on  chairs 
around  and  behind  him.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved.  Thus  I  stand  like 
the  Turk  with  his  Doxies  around,  &c.  The  ladies  in  the  foreground  may  be 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  and  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.).  All  are  good- 
looking  and  most  are  fashionably  dressed.  The  lov^^er  1.  comer  of  a  picture 
is  visible  on  the  vi^all  (r.).  It  perhaps  represents  a  woman  (Mrs.  Fitzherbert) 
kneeling  beside  a  crucifix.  Cf.  No.  6961. 

9|xi3i6in. 

6957  THE  NORTHERN  COLOSSUS  OR  EARL  OF  TOADSTOOL 
ARM'D  WITH  A  POLL  AXE 

L — nsd — le  inv^ 

[Published  May  26^^  iy86  by  W.  Moore  N''  48  New  Bond  Street^ 

Engraving.  Lord  Lonsdale  straddles  across  the  River  Eden^  a  foot  on  each 
bank.  He  raises  an  axe  above  his  head  in  both  hands  to  cut  down  a  large 
oak  inscribed  Liberty  on  the  1.  of  the  river.  On  the  r.  of  the  river,  on  the 
horizon,  is  the  town  of  Carlisle ;  in  front  of  it  the  land  is  covered  with  mush- 
rooms inscribed  1400.  On  the  1.  side  of  the  oak  is  a  signpost  inscribed, 
The  New  Road  to  Westminster,  the  hand  pointing  along  Corruption  Lane. 
A  broken  arm  from  the  signpost,  inscribed  Old  Road  to  Westminster,  lies 
on  Freedom  Common.  The  branches  extending  over  the  latter  are  leafy, 
those  over  the  toadstools  are  broken  and  bare.  Punch,  with  a  hump, 
dressed  in  the  traditional  manner,  capers  beside  the  post,  pointing  towards 
Corruption  Lane  and  trampling  on  a  paper  inscribed  Charter.  A  bridge 
across  the  river  is  breaking,  a  boat  sinks. 

Lonsdale,  who  often  returned  nine  members,  was  called  Jimmy  Grasp- 
all,  Earl  Toadstool,  in  election  squibs.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iii.  358  n. 
In  order  to  establish  his  interest  in  the  borough  of  Carlisle,  he  induced  the 
Mayor  to  admit  1,400  men  to  the  freedom  of  the  city  as  honorary  freemen 
or  faggot  voters;  they  were  chiefly  from  Lonsdale's  collieries  and  estates. 
These  voters  were  petitioned  against  by  J.  Christian  Curwen,  who  became 
a  candidate  on  the  death  of  the  Hon.  Edward  Norton  in  March  1786,  and 
again  by  Rowland  Stephenson  on  the  succession  of  Lord  Surrey  to  the 
dukedom  of  Norfolk,  31  Aug.  1786,  and  were  declared  illegal.  Oldfield, 
Representative  History,  1816,  iii.  264-5.  Punch  is  John  Lovii:her,  candi- 
date in  1786.  R.  S.  Ferguson,  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  M.P.s,  pp.  200 
ff.  and  frontispiece. 

7jXi2i^gin. 

*  Written  in  an  old  hand. 

306 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

6958  TIPPEE  &  TWADDLE. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  J,  Carter,  Oxford  Street ,  May  2f^  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  A  companion  print 
to  No.  6933.  The  Prince  of  Wales  (r.)  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.),  H.L. 
portraits,  embrace,  holding  each  other  round  the  waist;  their  half-shut 
eyes  give  them  a  maudlin  expression.  Above  their  heads  are  the  Prince's 
feathers  and  motto,  Ich  dien.  At  the  base  of  the  oval  are  two  crossed  broom- 
sticks, cf.  No.  6927,  &c.,  joined  by  a  bow  of  ribbon  and  a  rosary. 

'Tippy  and  Twaddle'  is  one  of  several  pieces  of  slang  recommended 
by  George  Hanger  (or  W.  Combe)  to  'lovely  Cyprians'  as  'fashionable 
and  elegant  expressions'.  Life  of  Col.  George  Hanger ,  1801,  ii.  179-80. 
'Twaddle'  in  Grose's  Diet,  of  the  Vulgar  Tongue  (1796)  is  'Perplexity, 
confusion,  or  every  thing  else:  a  fashionable  term  that  for  a  while  suc- 
ceeded that  of  bore'  (cf.  No.  6147,  6775).  Cf.  'The  Birth  of  Twaddle', 
verses  on  the  superseding  of  the  word  'bore' : 

With  his  last  breath  expiring  Bore, 

Had  left  his  throne  to  Twaddle. 

Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces,  i,  1785,  pp.  66-8.   The  earliest  entry  in  the 

O.E.D.  is  1782.  Cf.  Nos.  6775,  7713. 

4fX3Jin. 

6959  THE  RISE  OF  THE  STOCKS 
J  5/ [Bayers.] 

Published  29*  May  iy86  by  Th(f  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Aquatint.  A  bearded  Jew  (1.)  points  out  to  Fox  and  North  the  high  price 
of  stocks ;  he  holds  out  to  North  (r.)  a  paper  inscribed  3  Per  Cents  Consol 
done  at  y5  for  y  next  opening.  North  holds  out  his  hands  in  dismay.  Fox 
stands  between  and  behind  them,  looking  gloomily  at  North.  The  Jew 
stands  behind  a  counter  on  which  hangs  a  paper,  India  Stock  162  Bank 
Stock  241  India  Bonds  ^o  [?  or  59]  Prent.  Navy  &  VictuaW  Bills  Per  Cent 
Discount  Exchequer  Bills  Prem  Per  Cent  Scrip.  At  North's  feet  lies  a  paper 
headed  Af  Sheridans  Speech  upon  iVf  Pitts  Plan  of  Finance.  The  back- 
ground is  the  wall  of  a  room  with  arched  recesses  or  alcoves. 

These  prices  are  approximately  correct,  except  that  of  Bank  Stock,  which 
fluctuated  between  139  and  175  during  the  year.  The  rapid  rise  of  the 
stocks  during  1785  and  the  slower  rise  during  1786  can  be  traced  in  the 
Annual  Register:  at  the  beginning  of  1785  India  Bonds  had  been  at  a  dis- 
count of  6;  in  May  1786  they  were  at  a  premium  of  70,  touching  175  in 
September  and  341  in  1786.  Sheridan's  speech  is  that  of  4  May  1786  when 
he  maintained  that  Pitt's  estimate  of  j£i, 000,000  surplus  on  the  revenue, 
available  for  a  sinking  fund,  was  fallacious.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  1416  ff.  Cf. 
No.  6960. 
911X74  in. 

6960  FRONTISPIECE  TO  THE  2^  EDITION  OF  LD  ST E'S 

OBSERVATIONS  ON  M^  PITT'S  PLAN  OF  FINANCE— 

7  5/ [Bayers.] 

Pub¥  2g  May  iy86  by  Thc^  Cornel  Bruton  Street 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  Stanhope  stands  in  his  library,  declaiming ; 

307 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

he  has  just  risen  from  his  chair  and  holds  his  pen  in  his  raised  r.  hand,  his 
1.  rests  on  a  small  table  (r.)  covered  with  documents.  He  wears  a  cocked 
hat ;  his  leanness  is  caricatured,  his  legs  being  of  exaggerated  thinness.  His 
r.  foot  rests  on  a  large  volume,  Cocker's  Arithmetic.  Under  his  1.  hand  are 
Observations  upon  M^  Pitts  Plan  and  M  .  .  of  Tkf  Sheridan's  Speech — / 
prefer  the  Noble  Lord['s']  Plan  to  th[at]  of  the  Minister  less  visionary.  Behind 
the  table  is  a  bookcase  against  which  are  pinned  two  placards,  the  smaller 
superimposed  on  the  other.  The  larger  is  a  Table  of  the  Average  Price  of 
Stocks  for  April  iy86y  the  prices  being  partly  hidden  by  the  smaller  print : 
a  man  rides  a  horse  in  the  air,  above  a  line  of  buildings ;  a  flying  figure 
blows  a  trumpet.  It  is  inscribed  Ready  for  Ascension  in  a  few  Days  Aerial 
Figures  and  Thin  glittering  Textures  of  the  filmy  Dew.  On  the  r.  is  a  small 
cupboard  on  legs,  its  open  door  showing  a  chamber-pot  whose  overflowing 
contents  drip  on  to  a  document  inscribed  To  Prevent  Bribery  at  Elections. 
On  the  pot  are  papers  inscribed  Sinking  Fund  and  Surplus ;  these  fragments 
appear  to  have  been  torn  from  a  document  inscribed  Report  of  the  select 
Committee  upon  the  Ministers  Plan  for  the  Reduction  of  the  National  Debt. 
Amount  of  Taxes  Red\ucti\on  of  Salar[ies'\.  Above  this  is  an  oval  picture 
of  the  three  Graces,  to  ridicule  Stanhope's  lanky  figure  and  awkward 
gestures.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

One  St  ....  pe  pester' d  his  Relations 

With  sage  Advice  about  the  Graces 
But  left  Finance  and  Calculations 

To  plodding  Pates y  and  graver  Faces. 

Another  St  ....  pe  now  appears 

Ye  Pitts  and  Neckars  give  him  place 
In  Figures  first  of  Financiers 

The  first  of  Figures  too  in  Grace. 

Stanhope  (Pitt's  brother-in-law)  is  contrasted  with  Lord  Chesterfield; 
after  his  succession  as  third  Earl  Stanhope  he  attacked  Pitt's  scheme  for  a 
sinking  fund  (see  No.  7551,  &c.)  by  speech  and  pamphlet  {Observations  on 
M^  Pitt's  Plan  for  the  Reduction  of  the  National  Debt).  He  brought  forward 
his  own  'Plan  for  rendering  the  Reduction  of  the  National  Debt  permanent' 
on  22  May  on  the  second  reading  of  Pitt's  Bill.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  17  if. ; 
G.  Stanhope  and  G.  P.  Gooch,  Life  of  Charles ^  third  Earl  Stanhope ^  19 14, 
pp.  67  ff.   For  his  awkward  gestures  cf.  Rolliadj  No.  H : 

.  .  .  This  Quixote  of  the  Nation 

Beats  his  own  Windmills  in  gesticulation,  .  .  . 

9  J- Xsii  in. 


6961  THE  COCK  OF  THE  WALK,  DISTRIBUTING  HIS  FAVOURS. 

Prosecution  Inv*  Justice  fecit 

Published  May  31,  iy86  by  SW  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse 

N""  3  Piccadilly 
NB  Gentlemen's  Designs  Executed  without  any  Expence 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    A  spurred  game-cock  without  tail- 
feathers,  representing  the  Prince  of  Wales,  stands  in  the  foreground  on  a 

308 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

flat  tasselled  cushion ;  in  his  beak  is  a  bunch  of  three  tail-feathers.  He  looks 
towards  a  wheelbarrow  (1.)  drawn  by  Weltje,  in  which  are  bunches  of  three 
feathers  similar  to  that  in  his  beak.  These  are  being  arranged  by  George 
Hanger,  who  leans  over  the  barrow,  holding  a  bunch  inscribed  Lad[y] 

M ne  [Melbourne].   The  other  bunches  in  the  barrow  are  inscribed 

To  Lady  M d\  To  the  D ss  of  D e\  To  Miss  Van k.  On  the 

ground  is  a  bunch,  To  M'*  F t.  On  the  r.  a  smiling  oyster-woman 

points  at  the  bird's  denuded  tail.  The  background  is  formed  by  shops  in 
Piccadilly,  not  drawn  with  topographical  precision.  In  the  centre  is  the 
shop  of  Fores  Purveyer  of  Caracatures  to  the  Public  N'^  3  Piccadilly,  the 
words  written  over  the  door.  Above  them  are  the  three  heads  of  Burke  (1.), 
Fox  (c),  and  North  (r.)  on  spikes  but  arranged  like  the  balls  of  a  pawn- 
broker. The  windows  on  each  side  of  the  door  are  divided  into  nine  panes, 
in  each  of  which  is  a  print,  very  freely  sketched;  the  central  ones  are  Out 
of  Fits  (1.)  and  In  Fits  (r.),  see  Nos.  8252,  8253 ;  Fat  &  Forty,  No.  6927, 
is  on  the  1.  of  the  door ;  Figaro,  No.  6924  in  reverse,  is  on  the  r.  Next  it, 
and  on  the  extreme  r.  of  the  window  is  No.  6934.  On  one  side  of  Fores 
(1.)  is  a  poulterer's  shop  inscribed  Partrige  Purveyer  of  Geese  to  His  High- 
ness &c;  on  the  other  (r.)  is  Bullock  Purveyer  of  Meat  to  His  Highness  &c. 
&Cy  geese  hang  in  one  open  shop-front,  joints  of  meat  in  the  other.  Over 
each  shop  door  is  a  crown  with  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers. 

For  Lady  Melbourne,  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  and  the  Prince  see 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  370-2,  and  cf.  Nos.  61 15, 6263.  Miss  Vanneck, 
third  daughter  of  Sir  Joshua,   ist  Bart.,  was  mentioned  by  Walpole, 

26  Aug.  1795,  as  one  of  the  Prince's  court  at  Brighton.  Lady  M d  is 

perhaps  the  wife  of  Viscount  Maitland,  one  of  Fox's  martyrs,  *a  nice  little 
painted  doll'.  G.  E.  C,  Complete  Peerage.  For  the  suspected  marriage  with 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  see  No.  6924,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6956.  In  this  print  Fores  seems 
to  declare  himself  an  opponent  of  the  Opposition, 
lojxisj  in. 

6962  THE  END  OF  PARLIAMENT. 

[Dent.] 

PuM  as  the  Act  direts  [sic]  by  J  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  June  28^^  iy86 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  snorting  bull  (John  Bull)  lies  down, 
overburdened  by  a  vast  load  of  taxes  which  are  represented  by  a  high 
mound  of  large  rolled  documents  on  his  back.  Pitt,  Dundas,  and  Arden, 
in  shirts  and  breeches,  tug  hard  at  a  long  chain  of  alternate  loaves  and 
fishes  which  issues  from  the  bull's  posteriors.  Pitt  leans  back,  his  r.  foot 
on  the  animal's  rump,  singing: 

Pull,  pull  away,  pull  the  Fishes, 

With  them  we  will  fill  our  Dishes; 

Pull,  pull  the  Loaves,  pull  a  good  crop. 

For  we  have  many  mouths  to  stop. 

The  other  two  tug  at  the  chain  behind  him,  their  mouths  open  as  if 
singing  a  chanty.  Arden 's  wig  is  falling  off.  Loaves  and  fishes  lie  in  a  pile 
at  their  feet  inscribed,  Pensions,  Annuities,  Gratuities,  &c.  &c. 

The  taxes  reading  downwards  and  1.  to  r.,  are:  Land  Tax  Bill,  An  Act 
to  impose  a  Tax  on  Shops  (large).  An  Act  to  impose  a  Tax  on  Houses,  An 
Act  to  impose  a  Tax  on  Horses,  An  Act  to  tax  Hats,  An  Act  to  impose  a  Tax 
on  Windows,  An  Act  to  impose  a  Tax  on  Insurance,  Tea  Tax  (very  small), 

309 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Tax  on  Spirits,  Tax  on  Cyder,  Tax  on  Bricks  &  Tiles,  Tax  on  Auctions, 
An  Act  to  impose  a  Tax  on  Perfumery,  An  Act  to  Tax  Men  &  Maid  Servants 
(large),  Tax  on  Births  Deaths  &c.  &c..  Tax  on  Gloves,  Tax  on  Receipts, 
Salt,  Tax  on  Sugar,  Tax  on  Malt,  Tax  on  Coals,  Tax  on  Wine,  Tax  on 
Candles,  Tax  on  Beer,  Tax  on  Glass,  Tax  on  Soap,  Tax  on  Cloth,  Tax  on 
Tobacco,  Stamp  Duties,  Tax  on  Hides,  Tax  on  Paper,  Tax  on  Medicines,  Tax 
on  Wool,  Tax  on  Carriages,  Tax  on  Pepper,  &c.  &c.  &c  &c.  Other  rolls 
which  are  placed  vertically  along  the  edges  of  the  pile  are  Deals  &  Battens, 
Coffee  and  Chocolate,  Commutation. 

For  the  taxes  cf.  Nos.  6801,  6914,  &c.  The  title  indicates  the  overriding 
of  the  House  of  Commons  in  the  appointment  of  Pitt  (1783),  cf.  No.  6438, 
&c.  One  of  many  satires  on  the  loaves  and  fishes  of  office,  cf.  Nos.  6195, 
7130,  7154,  &c. 
Sj^gXiziiin. 

6963  AN  HEIR  APPARENT  IN  EMBRIO. 
Pub  r^  July  1786  by  T  Allen. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  stands  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  her  hands  clasped  across  her  waist,  leaning  backwards  from  the  waist. 
Her  dress  protrudes  in  front  giving  her  the  appearance  of  pregnancy,  the 
silhouette  of  the  front  resembUng  that  of  the  back,  inflated  according  to 
the  fashion  of  the  day,  see  No.  6874,  &c.  Her  breast  is  covered  by  pro- 
jecting gauze,  also  a  fashion  much  ridiculed.  She  wears  a  wide-brimmed 
hat  trimmed  with  three  feathers  and  the  motto  Ich  Di[en].  From  her  neck 
hangs  an  oval  miniature  head  of  (presumably)  the  Prince,  and  a  rosary. 

For  the  suspected  marriage  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert, 
see  No.  6924,  &c. ;  for  the  expected  child,  No.  6954,  &c. 
81X5^  in. 

6964  A  BRITISH  MINISTER  WORSHIPPING  THE  MERIDIAN 
SUN. 

Engraved  after  the  Original  painted  by  Maria  Closestoolin  the  possession 

of  his  M St y 

[?W.  P.  Carey.] 

London.  Published  by  G.  Humphrey  N°  48  Long  Acre  July  5^*  iy86. 

Engraving.  George  III  is  seated  (1.)  on  a  rectangular  altar  bending  forward, 
his  posteriors  bare  and  irradiated  like  a  sun.  He  wears  a  crown ;  he  bends 
forward  as  if  to  caress  three  fanged  serpents  emerging  from  the  altar, 
inscribed,  The  King  \  of  \  Prerogative.  A  pair  of  hands  emerges  from 
clouds :  one  has  taken  the  sceptre  from  the  King's  hand,  the  other  is  about 
to  remove  his  crown.  Pitt  (r.)  kneels  behind  the  altar,  holding  out  a  scroll, 
the  Irish  Propositions,  and  saying : 

Thou  Sun  of  glory!  Source  of  all  thaVs  great! 

At  whose  command  I  rule  this  headstrong  state, 

On  thee  with  fainting  heart,  for  aid  I  call 

O  save  thy  fav' rite  from  untimely  fall: 

(No  council  summoned  to  approve  the  scheme) 

From  our  joint  heads  these  Propositions  came, 

W^hile  luckless  I  alone,  must  bear  the  blame, 

Tliick  &  threefold  petitions  come  to  Town 

Lords, — Commons, — Merchants, — all  on  Billy  frown!!! 

310 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    I786 

Behind  him  is  a  bundle  of  papers  held  together  by  a  scroll  inscribed 
Provision  for  the  Boghouse  1785.  They  are:  Petition  to  the  [Pajrliament ; 
Manchester  Remonstr[ance];  from  Glasgow;  Rights  of  the  People;  West- 
minst[er]  Petition;  Popula[r]  Resentment.  Behind  the  bundle  is  a  pyramid 
inscribed  Sacrifices  to  Liberty  The  Gracchi,  De  Witt,  Gaveston,  Mortimer  \  a 
hand  pointing  from  the  apex  to  Pitt  is  labelled,  The  next  to  fall.  In  the 
distance  is  a  ruined  temple :  Temple  of  Freed[om]  a  British  ruin.  On  the 
side  of  the  altar  on  which  the  King  is  seated  is  a  medallion  surmounted 
with  crossed  axes  inscribed  Prerogative  of  the  People.  It  encloses  a  severed 
head  in  a  bowl  inscribed  Charles  I. 

This  reversion  to  the  abortive  Irish  Propositions  of  1785  (when  there 
were  many  petitions  against  them),  see  No.  6785,  &c.,  seems  to  indicate  a 
lack  of  material  for  an  attack  on  Pitt ;  the  threats  to  the  King  and  Pitt  are 
clearly  absurd.  Probably  a  skit  on  a  picture  exhibited  by  Maria  Cosway 
(cf.  No.  7019)  at  the  R.A.  in  1784:  *A  Persian  going  to  adore  the  sun.' 
7iX9f  in. 

6965  THE  GENTLEMEN  PENSIONERS, 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor,  by  J  Carter,  Oxford  Street 
July  Jj^*  1786 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Britannia  (1.),  a  beggar  wearing  only  a 
ragged  shift,  supports  herself  on  her  broken  spear  outside  the  door  of  the 
Treasury ;  her  broken  shield  lies  beside  her.  She  says,  Alas!  why  give  to 
the  Rich  and  neglect  the  Poor — is  this  Oeconomy.  In  the  doorway  a  dog,  his 
collar  inscribed  Pit,  excretes  on  a  paper  inscribed  Oeconomy.  Behind  his 
head  is  a  placard  inscribed:  Resolved.  That  No  additional  Income  be 
allowed  to  young  George.  W.P.  Above  the  door  is  an  implement  resembling 
a  gridiron,  then  called  a  saveall,  cf.  Nos.  7322,  7329;  the  Queen  uses  it 
in  No.  7922.  In  the  centre  Carleton  in  back  view,  his  ribbon  of  the  Bath 
inscribed  Quebec  Bill,  walks  off  with  a  sack  over  his  shoulder  inscribed, 
1000  I.  Per  Annum;  he  says:  Sure  there  never  was  so  able  and  honest  a 
Commissary  as  Brook  Watson — Pll  swear  that.  On  the  r.  Watson  walks  off 
to  the  r.  holding  a  torn  paper:  To  the  Livery  of  London  I  pledge  myself  not 
[torn]  to  accept  of  Place  or  Pension.  He  has  a  wooden  leg,  wears  his  sheriff's 
chain,  and  holds  a  document  inscribed  Annuity.  His  coat-pocket  bulges 
with  guineas.  He  says.  Sure  there  never  was  so  brave  &  frugal  a  General 
as  Sir  Guy — /'//  swear  that.  A  signpost  between  the  two  men  points  (1.) 
To  the  City  of  Quebec,  (r.)  To  the  City  of  London.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched : 

Unlike  to  paltry  Beggars  who  in  Moorfields  stand, 

And  meanly  ask  for  daily  bread  with  hat  in  hand; 

Or  brave  Tars  who  by  War,  not  Shark,  have  lost  a  leg. 

To  gain  the  priviledge  in  street  to  starve  or  beg. 

The  Parliament  July  1786  granted  a  Pension  of  i cool  per  Annum  to  Sir 
Guy  Carleton,  knt.  of  the  Bath,  Govenor  of  Canada,  Commissioner  of 
Accounts  &c^,  and  for  the  natural  Lives  of  his  Lady  and  two  Sons,  also  an 
Annuity  of  500I  to  Brook  Watson  Esq^  Representative,  Alderman  &  Sheriff 
of  the  City  of  London.   AB  Sir  Guy  was  Commander  in  chief  at  the  same 

time  Mr  W was  Commissary  General  to  the  Army,  in  America,  during 

the  late  War  &c. 

3" 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  Prince  of  Wales  being  heavily  in  debt,  Fox  and  Sheridan  appealed 
for  the  payment  of  his  debts  and  an  increased  revenue,  but  were  in  a  small 
minority  (5  Apr.  1786).  Pari.  Hist.y  xxv.  1348  ff. ;  the  King  also  refused 
help  and  was  clearly  supported  by  Pitt.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revivaly 
191 1,  pp.  398  ff.  See  No.  6967,  &c.  On  11  Apr.  1786  Carleton  was  again 
appointed  Governor  of  Quebec;  for  the  Quebec  Act,  said  to  have  been 
suggested  by  Carleton,  see  No.  5228,  &c.  A  pension  to  Carleton 's  wife  and 
sons  of  jCi,ooo  a  year  was  approved  by  the  House  of  Commons,  26  June 
1786,  when  Carleton  was  attacked  by  Courtenay  for  the  Quebec  Act. 
Pari.  Hist.y  xxvi.  190-4.  Brook  Watson,  alderman  and  M.P.  for  the  City 
of  London,  had  been  Commissary-general  to  the  army  in  Canada  under 
Carleton,  and  a  pension  of  ;£5oo  a  year  was  granted  to  his  wife.  (City 
members  were  required  to  pledge  themselves  not  to  accept  place  or 
pension.  Cf.  Nos.  7193,  8075.)  For  the  attitude  to  the  commissary  as  a 
war  profiteer  cf.  Foote's  Commissary^  1765.  As  a  Pittite,  Watson  was  a 
butt  of  the  Opposition,  cf.  the  Rolliad  on  'Modest  Watson,  on  his  wooden 
leg'  (his  leg  was  bitten  off  by  a  shark).  For  the  Prince's  debts  see  also 
Nos.  6945,  6967,  &c.,  7158,  7162,  7165,  7166. 
6^1  XII  in. 

6966  KNAVE  OF  DIAMONDS. 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs  iP^  July,  1786,  by  J.  Burke^ 

Engraving.  Warren  Hastings  sits  full-face  in  an  arm-chair.  At  his  feet  are 
many  neatly  corded  rectangular  packages  across  which  he  straddles,  one 
under  his  r.  foot  being  inscribed  W.H,  one  under  his  1.  foot,  Bulse^  of 
Dia[monds]  Ent^  at  S^  James's.  A  larger  package  (r.),  inscribed  Bengal  and 
S^  Ja[mes's]y  is  marked  with  a  crown  and  broad  arrow.  On  this  are  two 
books:  Defence  (small)  and  Charges  against  W — H  iy86  (large).  His  r. 
hand  rests  on  a  table  (1.)  and  on  a  document  inscribed:  Fort  George  .  .  . 
Humbly  .  .  .  entreating  acceptance  .  ,  .  a  Bulse  of  Diamonds.  Beside  it  is  a 
small  paper  inscribed  Gov^  Ge^  and  a  book :  Bribery. 

The  first  of  many  prints  on  the  diamond  presented  to  the  King:  on 
14  June  1786  Hastings  presented  to  George  IH  a  diamond  sent  by  the 
Nizam  of  the  Deccan ;  the  packet  had  been  forwarded  to  him  from  India, 
and  by  a  series  of  accidents  did  not  reach  him  till  2  June,  and  could  not 
be  presented  till  14  June,  the  day  after  the  momentous  debate  of  13  June, 
cf.  No.  6925.  Sheridan  insinuated  on  21  June  that  the  gift  was  a  bribe  from 
Hastings  to  the  King.  'Newspapers  and  print-shops  formed  the  channels 
through  which  the  enemies  of  Hastings  generally  transmitted  their  accusa- 
tions or  insinuations  over  the  kingdom.'  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv. 
342-5.  Pari.  Hist.y  xxvi.  146.  See  The  Bulse,  in  Asylum  for  Fugitive 
Pieces,  iii.  125-8.  Cf.  Orde  to  Rutland,  14  July  1786:  'The  story  of  the 
diamond  I  really  suppose  to  be  a  very  simple  matter,  which  is,  as  any  other 
possible  subject  would  be,  taken  hold  of  to  insinuate  connection  between 
the  Court  and  M^  Hastings  by  the  means  of  corruption.  I  really  believe 
that  the  packet  happened  to  come  at  this  unlucky  moment,  and  that  the 
contents  or  value  of  them  was  unknown,  as  the  Nabob's  signet  had  never 
been  broken  till  it  was  put  into  His  Majesty's  hand.'  Rutland  Papers,  iii. 
323.   See  also  Nos.  6969,  6978,  6979,  6981,  7139,  7149,  7169,  7264,  7273, 

^  This  print  should  have  been  placed  before  No.  6965. 

2  Cf.  The  Lounger,  15  July  1786:  Tray  what  is  a  bulse}  I  understand  it  to  be  a 
package  for  diamonds  as  a  rouleau  is  for  guineas.' 

312 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

7274,  7287,  7288,  7301,  7308,  7312,  7325,  7329,  7383,  7384,  7399,  7554, 
7626.  Cf.  No.  7836,  &c.  For  similar  personifications  of  cards  see  No. 
6969,  &c. 

5iiX4|in. 

6967  A  TRIP  TO  BRIGHTON,  OR,  THE  P AND  HIS  REDUCED 

HOUSEHOLD  RETIRING  FOR  THE  SUMMER  SEASON. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor ,  by  J  Carter,  Oxford  Street, 
July  i^^  iy86— 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  ramshackle  coach  and  four  conveys 
the  Prince's  establishment  from  Carlton  House  to  Brighton,  only  the  two 
wheelers  appearing  within  the  print.  Weltje  drives;  his  box-seat  is 
crammed  with  provisions:  a  calf's  head,  leg  of  mutton,  sirloin,  carrots, 
turnips,  &c.,  and  is  inscribed  Purveyor,  Coachman,  Cook  and  Butler  \  from 
it  hang  a  gridiron  (or  saveall)  and  an  iron  pot  inscribed  L.W.  [Louis 
Weltje]  St  James's  Street.  The  head-bands  of  the  wretched  horses  are 
inscribed  Whim  and  Caprice.  Inside  the  coach  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  sits  read- 
ing Principles  of  Oeconomy;  the  Prince,  seated  on  her  1.,  gazes  at  her 
amorously.  In  front  of  them  are  boxes  and  a  bundle  inscribed  Childbed 
Linnen.  On  the  roof  of  the  coach  sits  Hanger  (1.),  an  enormous  bludgeon 
under  his  arm,  reading  a  paper  inscribed  For  Sale  by  Tattersall  The 
Princes  Stud.  His  feet  rest  on  a  cask  of  Small  Beer  standing,  with  a  basket 
of  Raisin  Wine,  on  the  boot  behind  the  coach.  On  the  front  of  the  roof 
sits  Fox,  very  disconsolate,  holding  a  pair  of  bellows.  Between  them  is  a 
large  basket  containing  a  close-stool,  a  warming-pan,  and  a  cradle.  On  the 
panels  of  the  coach  are  the  Prince's  feathers  and  motto,  upside-down,  and 
two  stars. 

A  satire  on  the  ostentatious  retrenchments  of  July  1786,  when  the  Prince 
closed  half  of  Carlton  House,  dismissing  the  workmen,  the  King  hav- 
ing refused  to  pay  his  debts,  see  No.  6965,  &c.  Orde  wrote  to  Rutland 
17  July  1786,  *The  Prince  of  Wales's  resolution  is  a  striking  measure,  but 
if  it  was  a  scheme  of  party  to  throw  reflexion  on  the  King  and  to  raise  the 
credit  of  the  Prince  at  the  expence  of  His  Majesty,  it  has  not  answered.' 
Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Rutland  Papers,  iii.  324.  See  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884, 
iv.  352-3.  The  Prince  went  to  Brighton  in  a  hired  post-chaise  on  11  July, 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  followed  on  24  July.  The  rumour  that  she  was  pregnant 
was  commonly  believed  at  the  time.  Wilkins,  M"^  Fitzherbert  and  George 
IV,  i.  169-71,  cf.  No.  6954,  &c.  See  No.  6989,  a  sequel.  See  also  Nos. 
6945,  6968,  6970,  6980,  6982,  7143,  7158,  7167. 
8|xi3iin. 

6968  A  SCENE  IN  THE  SCHOOL  FOR  SCANDAL. 

London  Published  July  18  iy86  by  S,  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  reduction  of  the  Prince  of  Wales's 
establishment  at  Carlton  House  is  represented  as  the  auction  scene  in  The 
School  for  Scandal  (iv.  i).  Lot  I,  a  portrait  of  the  King  and  Queen,  as 
a  farmer  and  his  wife,  a  copy  of  No.  6934  reversed,  is  being  held  up  for 
sale  by  ( ?)  Sheridan.  The  Prince,  as  Charles  Surface,  stands  in  the  middle 
of  the  room,  legs  apart,  his  cane  raised  above  his  head,  r,  hand  in  his 

313 


y 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

breeches-pocket,  saying,  Careless,  Knock  down  the  Farmer.  George  Hanger 
as  Careless  stands  in  a  high-backed  arm-chair  (r.),  his  hammer  raised  above 
his  head,  saying,  Going  for  no  more  than  One  Crown. 

Weltje,  a  stout  man,  stands  beside  the  rostrum,  his  arms  folded,  looking 
down  at  a  pile  of  plate  at  his  feet  inscribed  Lot  6.  On  the  1.  stand  three 
men :  the  bidder,  pencil  and  note-book  in  his  hand,  saying.  Five  shillings 
for  that  Loty  and  two  military  officers,  one  stout,  the  other  slim  and  foppish, 
looking  through  an  eye-glass  at  the  picture.  Lot  2  and  Lot  3  are  pictures 
still  on  the  wall,  T.Q.L.  portraits  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  her  hands  in  a  muff, 
and  a  lady  wearing  a  large  feathered  hat,  perhaps  the  Duchess  of  Devon- 
shire, cf.  No.  6961,  &c.  Lot  5  is  a  saddle  on  the  floor  beside  a  pair  of 
top-boots.  Through  an  open  door  (1.)  appears  the  comer  of  a  building 
inscribed  TatersaVs  (where  the  Prince's  stud  was  sold)  and  a  high  phaeton 
which  is  Lot  1800  (see  Nos.  6970,  6980). 

For  other  satires  on  the  economies  of  July  1786  see  No.  6967,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxviii. 
10X14I  in. 


6969  THE  KING  OF  DIAMONDS 

{Published  July  2r*  1786.  by  J.  Best.  HolbomY 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III,  as  the  King  of  Diamonds  in 
a  pack  of  cards,  looks  to  the  1.,  holding  in  his  r.  hand  a  coin,  in  his  1.  a  sign- 
post which  points  to  the  1.,  To  S^  James's.  To  a  Garter  ribbon  round  his 
neck  is  suspended  a  bag  labelled  Gold  du[st]  (cf.  No.  6979).  A  lozenge- 
shaped  diamond  is  placed  on  his  crown  which  is  inscribed  mon.  droit. 

A  satire  on  the  bulse  presented  through  Hastings,  see  No.  6966,  &c. 
For  similar  personifications  of  cards  see  also  Nos.  6966,  6975,  6976,  6977, 
6978,  6983,  7264. 
6JX4iin. 

6970  THE  BRIGHTON  STUD 

Pu¥  July  30  iy86  by  W,  S.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware-house  N°  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince's  stud,  consisting  of  five 
asses  with  human  faces,  proceeds  (1.  to  r.)  past  a  signpost  (r.)  pointing  To 
Brighthlmstone.  The  Prince,  the  central  figure,  rides  an  ass  with  the  head 
of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert ;  he  wears  very  long  spurs.  He  is  preceded  by  three 
animals,  the  foremost  being  George  Hanger  led  by  a  groom  (Captain 
Morris) ;  on  his  saddle-cloth  are  the  Prince's  feathers,  as  if  to  show  his 
privileged  position.  Next  is  Fox,  his  mouth  wide  open  as  if  braying,  next 
Weltje.  Behind  (1.),  apparently  doubtful  whether  to  proceed  or  not,  is 
Lord  Derby  (or  perhaps  Lord  North).  Geese  in  the  foreground  (r.)  hiss 
at  the  procession. 

For  other  satires  on  the  retrenchment  of  the  Prince  in  July  1786  see 
No.  6967,  &c.   His  own  stud  had  been  sold  at  Tattersall's,  see  No.  6968. 

Reproduced,  Print  Collector's  Quarterly ,  xxiii.  109. 
9i|xi5jin. 

*  Written  in  an  old  hand. 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

6971  THE  FOX  AND  THE  BUST 

Pu¥  Aug*  2.  iy86  W.  S,  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware-house  N°  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fox  with  the  head  of  Fox  sits  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  one  paw  on  the  forehead  of  a  life-like  bust  of  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
which  he  has  carved;  his  mallet  and  chisels  lie  on  the  ground.  He  says: 
What  a  goodly  figure  this  makes!  what  a  Pity  that  it  should  want  Brains. 
Esops  Fab. 

Two  other  pieces  of  sculpture  stand  on  pedestals :  (1.)  a  W.L.  statue  of 
a  woman,  kneeling  on  one  knee  in  profile  to  the  1.,  partly  draped,  having 
a  certain  resemblance  to  Mrs.  Fitzherbert;  a  head  (r.)  wearing  a  laurel 
wreath  in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  up  at  Fox  and  the  Prince;  it  has  the  long 
nose  of  Hanger,  but  is  perhaps  intended  for  i^sop. 

For  Fox  and  the  Prince  see  No.  6401,  &c. 
6iX9jin. 

6972  A  MINISTERIAL  FACT;  OR,  A  SQUIB  OF  THE  FIRST  DAY 
Pu¥  by  W.  Holland,  N"  66  Drury  Lane,  Au^  2.  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  dressed  as  a  woman,  scowling 
ferociously,  holds  up  a  knife  in  his  r.  hand  to  strike  the  King  (r.),  who 
calmly  pushes  him  away.  A  beefeater  (1.)  seizes  Fox's  r.  arm  in  both  hands. 
In  the  background  the  garden  front  of  St.  James's  Palace  is  suggested;  on 
the  r.  is  the  side  of  the  King's  coach,  seen  from  behind.  Beneath  the  title 
is  etched :  Four  presumtive  Reasons — Because  no  two  Faces  in  the  world  are 
so  much  alike! — Because  the  Political  Proteus  was  seen  in  a  Miliners  shop 
{where  no  doubt  he  bought  the  Cloak  and  bonnet)  about  a  month  ago!  Because 
he  was  seen  by  a  Grenadier  of  the  Guards  coming  out  of  a  Cutler's  shop  (where 
no  doubt  he  bought  the  knife)  yesterday  morning! — But  the  strongest  reason 
to  suppose  him  y^  Assassin  is  because  he  was  an  hundred  miles  from  London 
at  the  time!!! 

The  print  is  probably  ante-dated;  Margaret  Nicholson's  attack  on 
George  III  was  on  2  Aug.,  see  No.  6973,  &c. ;  the  attempt  'circulated 
through  the  city  with  amazing  rapidity,  and,  gathering  as  it  flew,  a  thousand 
fictions  were  added'.  Gent.  Mag.,  1786,  ii.  709.  Cf.  Margaret  Nicholson, 
in  Political  Eclogues:  Wilkes  and  Hawkesbury  ('Jenky')  congratulate  each 
other  on  the  escape  of  'god-like  George*. 
6J-x6|  in. 

6973  AN  EXACT  REPRESENTATION  OF  AN  ATTEMPT  MADE 
BY  MARGT  NICHOLSON  TO  STAB  HIS  MAJESTY  ON  WEDNES- 
DAY AUGT  2  1786 

Pu¥  Au^  5  iy86  by  W.  S.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware-house  N'*  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  George  III  takes  a 
paper  (a  petition)  from  the  hand  of  Margaret  Nicholson,  who  holds  a  knife 
(in  her  1.  hand)  against  his  chest.  A  beefeater  (1.)  steps  forward  to  restrain 
her,  another  stands  unmoved  by  an  open  door  in  a  high  brick  wall.  The 
king's  coach  is  on  the  r.  Not  a  caricature,  though  drawn  in  the  manner 
of  one.    Cf.  a  mezzotint  of  this  subject  in  the  Carington  Bowles  series. 

315 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

She  was  insane  and  was  sent  to  Bedlam,  where  Sophie  von  la  Roche 
saw  her,  kindly  treated  and  writing  petitions  to  the  King.  Sophie  in 
LondoHy  iy86y  ed.  C.  Williams,  1933,  p.  169.  See  also  Nos.  6972,  6974, 
7628. 

8^X12  in. 

6974  A  SHAKESPEREAN  SCENE, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥for  the  Proprietor,  as  the  Act  directs ,  by  J,  Carter y  Oxford  Street, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  As  per- 
formed by  the  Brighton  Company  on  a  late  occasion,  to  which  was  added  the 
agreeable  entertainment  of  the  mistake.^ 

Dramatis  Personae, 

1  The  Prince,  new  drest,        .  .  .  .  .  by  the  P . 

2  Falstaff M'  F 

3  Doll  Tear-sheet M''  Fitz 

4  Pistol Col.  H 

The  parts  of  5  Shallow  and  the  ^  Page 
restored  (by  desire)  to  his  Grace  and  Johnny. 

7  Silence   ........     his  Grace  of  D 

8  Bardolph M' 


9  Davy,  the  serving-man       .....     Af  W 

See  the  2^  part  of  King  Henry  4^*  Act  5'*  scene  3^ 

Power  would  not  have  been  displeasing  to  them  however  they  might  have 
abhorred  the  unhappy  means  that  gave  it. 

Fox  as  Falstaff,  2,  is  seated  in  the  centre  of  a  panelled  room  with  small 
casement  windows.  He  and  Weltje,  the  serving-man,  are  on  a  larger  scale 
than  the  other  figures.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  large  covered  flagon,  on  which 
is  a  royal  crown,  his  1.  is  on  his  breast;  he  looks  with  pleased  astonishment 
at  Hanger,  4,  who  runs  forward  from  the  r.  holding  out  a  riding-whip,  and 
saying : 

Sir  John,  I  am  thy  Pistol  and  thy  Friend, 
And  helter-skelter  have  I  rode  to  thee; 
And  tidings  do  I  bring,  and  lucky  joys. 
And  golden  times,  and  rare  unlook'dfor  news — 
Sir  John,  thy  tender  lambkin  now  is  King — 

In  the  background  the  Prince  of  Wales,  J,  stands  holding  a  handkerchief 
and  saying : 

Thy  due,  from  me. 
Is  tears,  and  heavy  sorrows  of  the  blood. 
Which  nature,  love  and  filial  tenderness. 
Shall,  O  dear  Father,  pay  thee  plenteously : 
See  Act  4^  Scene  4 

On  the  1.  of  the  design,  on  Falstaff's  r.  hand,  are  crowded  the  other 
characters.  Doll,  j  (Mrs.  Fitzherbert),  looks  down  smiling ;  the  others,  also 
smiling,  look  towards  Pistol.   Weltje,  9,  stands  on  the  extreme  1.  with  a 

*  The  Mistake  J  comedy  by  Vanbrugh  from  Moliere's  Le  DSpit  amour eux. 

316 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

napkin  under  his  arm.  Next  him  is  Sheridan,  5,  as  Bardolph.  Silence,  7, 
the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  leans  forward  eagerly,  his  head  concealed  by 
Shallow,  5,  the  Duke  of  Portland,  who  stands  in  profile.  Behind  him  (1.) 
is  *  Johnny',  6,  Lord  John  Cavendish,  the  size  of  a  small  boy,  but  with  an 
adult's  head.  All  are  in  quasi-Elizabethan  dress,  except  that  Hanger  wears 
his  enormous  Kevenhuller  hat.  The  background  is  a  panelled  wall  with 
deeply  recessed  casement  windows;  between  these  are  (i)  a  placard^  Au^ 
3^  by  the  Brighton  Company  The  Second  Part  of  King  Henry  the  Fourth^  and 
(2)  a  crucifix  indicating  the  faith  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert. 

The  Prince's  friends  receive  with  pleasure  the  (mistaken)  news  of  the 
assassination  of  the  King,  see  No.  6973,  &c.  The  news  actually  reached 
the  Prince  by  a  personal  jfriend ;  he  immediately  went  to  Windsor,  where 
he  saw  the  Queen.  He  neither  proposed  nor  was  offered  an  interview 
with  the  King,  the  occurrence  marking  the  first  open  rupture  between 
them.  Harcourt  Papers^  ed.  E.  W.  Harcourt,  xi.  262 ;  Huish,  Memoirs  of 
George  IV,  i.  176-7.  Cf.  No.  7129.  For  a  similar  theme  cf.  No.  7624.  For 
Fox  as  Falstaff  cf.  Nos.  6231,  6928,  7343,  7345,  7380.  Cf.  also  No.  6401, 
&c.   For  Sheridan  as  Bardolph  see  No.  7528,  &c. 

7fxi3Ain. 

6975  THE  KNAVE  OF  HEARTS 
Pu¥  August  i^^  iy86 

Pen  and  watercolour  design  for  an  engraving.  The  inscriptions  are  in  ink.  \/ 

The  Knave  of  Hearts  of  a  pack  of  cards  in  profile  to  the  1.,  representing 
the  Prince  of  Wales.  His  hat  is  inscribed  Amo  and  supports  a  crown  con- 
structed of  leaves  on  which  sits  a  bird.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  staff  ornamented 
with  a  heart  inscribed  Fitzherbert  and  surmounted  by  the  Prince's  feathers 
and  motto,  Ich  dien.  At  his  feet  are  seven  hearts,  two  being  inscribed 
Armistead  (see  No.  5352,  and  index)  and  Robinson  (see  Nos.  5767,  6451, 
&c.).  Beneath  the  title  is  written : 

With  artful  Tales  that  Love  impart ! 
He  slily  Steals  each  Female  Heart. 

For  the  Prince's  marriage  with  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  see  No.  6924,  &c.  Cf. 
No.  6969,  &c. 

5i6X4in. 

6976  THE  KNAVE  OF  CLUBS  [c.  Aug.  1786] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  stands  full-face,  looking  to  the  I.  In 
his  raised  r.  hand  is  a  dice-box  from  which  he  throws  two  dice ;  in  his  1. 
hand  is  a  staff  supporting  the  cap  of  Libertatis.  Round  his  neck  is  a  ribbon, 
inscribed  Royal  Sols,  from  which  hangs  a  medallion  of  a  sun  emitting  rays. 
From  his  coat-pocket  hangs  a  scroll  inscribed  The  suit  of  [Club]5  (the  club 
being  represented  by  an  Ace  of  Clubs),  Brooks's  Willis's  Bucks  Beef-Steak 
Anacreontic  and  Sols.  His  feet  rest  on  two  books :  Game  Act  G  HI  (1.)  and 
Hoyle  (r.). 

For  Fox  as  Knave  of  Clubs  see  No.  6488,  &c.  (in  No.  5962  he  is  the 
Knave  of  Hearts).  For  similar  personifications  of  cards  see  No.  6969,  &c. 
6JX4  in. 

317 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6977  BOBADIL  KING  OF  CLUBS. 

Pu¥  i8  Au^  iy86  by  H  Humphreys  iV^  3  Bedford  Court  Cov^  Garden 
Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  caricature  portrait  of  George  Hanger 
walking  (r.  to  1.),  his  r.  hand  resting  on  an  enormous  bludgeon  (cf .  No.  6924). 
He  wears  a  round  hat  in  place  of  the  usual  high  cocked  hat,  a  cloak  and 
belted  tunic,  a  sword  slung  in  a  shoulder-belt,  gauntlet  gloves,  and  top-boots. 
In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  print  is  an  Ace  of  Clubs.  Cf.  No.  6969,  &c. 
7isX5jin. 

6978  THE  QUEEN  OF  HEARTS  COVER'D  WITH  DIAMONDS 

\c.  1786] 
Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6979.  A  bust 
portrait  of  Queen  Charlotte,  directed  to  the  1.,  taking  a  pinch  of  snuff.  She 
wears  a  jewelled  oriental  turban;  her  hair  is  studded  with  jewels,  and 
jewels  cover  her  neck  and  ornament  her  dress.  A  large  ear-ring  is  con- 
spicuous. In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  print,  under  the  words  ThePuriy  is 
a  large  heart-shaped  jewel  surmounted  with  a  crown ;  it  stands,  embedded 
in  diamonds,  in  a  box  inscribed  Bulse. 

A  satire  on  the  diamond  presented  to  the  King  by  the  Nizam  of  the 
Deccan,  through  Hastings,  see  No.  6966,  &c. ;  also  on  the  gifts  of  jewels 
supposed  to  be  given  to  the  Queen  by  Mrs.  Hastings.  Wraxall,  Memoirs^ 
1884,  iv.  19  n.,  342.  'The  Pun'  appears  to  stress  the  plainness  of  the  Queen 
(not  stressed  in  the  print);  cf.  No.  6931.  She  is  called  'the  old  Queen  of 
Diamonds'  by  a  correspondent  of  Lord  Charlemont  in  1796.  Hist.  MSS. 
Commission^  Charlemont  Papers ^  ii.  275.  For  her  supposed  greed  for  jewels 
see  also  Nos.  7287, 7288, 7301  (2),  7312, 7359  (14),  7626.  Cf.  No.  6969,  &c. 
5x4  in. 

6979  CHEYT  SING  IN  HIS  EASTERN  DRESS.  [c.  1786] 
Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6978.  A  bust 
portrait  of  George  III  in  oriental  dress,  directed  to  the  r.  He  wears  a 
jewelled  turban,  a  stone  above  the  forehead  being  inscribed  The  Diamond. 
Across  his  forehead  is  a  band:  Monarch.  A  bag  attached  ornamentally 
to  the  turban  is  inscribed  Gold  Dust.  Across  his  shoulder  is  a  piece  of 
drapery  inscribed  The  Shawl.  A  fringed  curtain  draped  beside  his  head 
(r.)  is  The  Curtain. 

A  satire  on  the  diamond  presented  to  the  King  by  Hastings  on  behalf 
of  the  Nizam  of  the  Deccan,  see  No.  6966,  &c.,  and  on  the  presents  which 
Hastings  and  his  wife  were  believed  to  have  given  the  King  and  Queen.  The 
treatment  of  Chait  Singh,  Raja  of  Benares,  was  the  subject  of  the  debate 
of  13  June  1786,  when  Pitt  and  Dundas  (see  Nos.  6925,  6994,  7139,  &c.) 
voted  against  Hastings  on  this  charge,  making  his  impeachment  certain; 
see  also  No.  6915.  For  portraits  of  George  III  as  an  oriental  despot  see 
Nos.  5544-7,  6608. 
4fX4iin. 

6980  THE  JOVIAL  CREW  OR  MERRY  BEGGARS. 

A  COMIC  OPERA  AS  PERFORMED  AT  BRIGHTON  BY  THE 
CARLETON  COMPANY. 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Black  Charles  [Fox]  Executed  by  Humbug. 

Published  for  the  Proprietor  ^  as  the  Act  directs^  by  E.  MacklezVy  opposite 

the  Opera  Houses  Haymarkety  Aug^  2j^  iy86.  of  whom  may  be  had 

318 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

the  much  admired  prints  of— A  trip  to  Brighton — The  End  of  Parlia" 
ment — A  Shakesperean  Scene — The  Royal  Exhibition — The  Knave 
of  Hearts — Three  weeks  after  Marriage — Master  George  and  his  Rib 
— also  the  very  popular  print  of  The  Free-bom  Briton^  or  a  perspective 
of  Taxation  &c.  &c. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  band  of  ragged  and  (ostensibly) 
crippled  beggars,  their  identity  and  the  verses  which  they  sing  indicated 
by  numbers  referring  to  inscriptions  etched  below  the  title.  The  central 
figures,  2  and  j,  are  the  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.),  who 
face  each  other,  each  supported  with  a  stick.  The  Prince  holds  under  his 
arm  a  hat  filled  with  guineas,  with  a  paper  inscribed  By  sale  of  the  Stud 
£7586^  see  No.  6968,  &c.  A  small  cask  hangs  from  his  waist.  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert carries  an  infant  on  her  back  (cf.  No.  6954,  &c.).  Behind  her  is 
Burke,  5,  very  thin  and  dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026),  his  hands  folded 
in  prayer.  North,  9,  very  fat  and  supported  on  crutches,  stands  next ;  his 
belt  is  inscribed  American  War.  On  the  extreme  r.  Hanger,  7,  walks  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  supported  on  a  crutch  and  on  his  bludgeon,  cf.  No.  6924. 
On  the  extreme  1.  is  Fox,  4,  very  hairy  and  ragged  almost  to  nakedness, 
supported  on  crutches.  Next  is  6,  Captain  Morris,  playing  a  fiddle  and 
capering,  a  patch  over  one  eye,  a  wooden  leg  projecting  from  his  r.  knee, 
both  his  legs  being  sound  and  stout.  Behind  and  between  them  is  J, 
Sheridan,  in  profile  to  the  r.  Next  the  Prince  is  8y  Weltje,  supported  on 
crutches.  All  are  jovial  except  Burke  and  Hanger.  The  verses  are  in  three 
columns : 

/  once  was  a  poet  at  London^ 

1.  Beggar  f  \  I  keep  my  heart  still  full  of  glee; 

M'  S 1        There* s  no  man  can  say  that  Fm  undone^ 

For  begging* s  no  new  trade  to  me. 

Tol  deroly  &c— 

In  London  I  once  shone  with  eclat, 

2.  Beggar f  \  A  stud  and  brave  household  could  boast; 
The /        Oive  me  a  brisk  wench  in  clean  straw. 

And  I  value  not  who  rules  the  roast. 

Tol  derol,  &c 

A  Widow  I  was,  buxom  and  bold, 

3.  Beggar,  1  So  closed  with  a  Royal  attack, 

M*"*  Fitz — 1       Tho*  it  is  said  the  marriage  wont  hold; 
But,  ecod,  Fll  stick  to  his  back. 

Tol,  derol,  &c. 

Here  comes  a  patriot^  polite.  Sir, 

4  Beggar,  \  Who  flattered  the  K to  his  face; 

M*"  F 1         Now  railing  is  all  his  delight,  Sir, 

Because  he*s  turned  out  of  his  place, 

Tol,  derol,  &c, 

I  was  a  Jesuitical-  preacher, 
5.  Beggar,  \  I  turned  up  my  eyes  when  I  pray* d; 

M^  B /        But  my  hearers  half-starv*d  their  teacher, 

For  they  believ'd  not  one  word  that  I  said, 
Tol  derol,  &c— 
^  'Courtier*  in  the  original.  *  'Fanatical*  in  the  original. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

/  still  am  a  merry  song  maker ^^ 

6.  Beggar,     \         My  heart  never  yet  felt  a  qualm. 
Caff  M /     Tho'  poor,  I  can  fiddle  and  caper. 

And  sing  any  tune  but  a  psalm. 

Tol,  derol  &c. 

Make  room  for  a  soldier  in  buff, 

7.  Beggar,  \  Who  valiantly  strutted  about; 

Col.  H /      And  if  the  peace  should  be  breaking  off. 

Why — then  he'll  most  wisely  sett  out. 

Tol,  derol  &c. 

De  Beggar  vos  I  in  Germany, 

8.  Beggar,  \  But  alms  vos  here  better  agree; 
M^  W /       For  by  begging  in  coot  company. 

Begging  vos  de  making  of  me. 

Tol,  derol,  &c. 

Since  Beggars  then  are  happy  and  free, 

9.  Beggar       \       Pray,  talk  no  more  of  state  axes, 
L A^ /  For  by  the  War  you'll  surely  agree. 

That  All  Fve  beggar' d  with  Taxes. 

Tol,  derol.  &c. 

A  satire  on  the  Prince's  debts  and  on  his  economies  at  Carlton  House, 
see  No.  6967,  &c.  Verses  i,  4,  5,  6,  7,  and  the  last  two  lines  of  verse  2 
are  taken  almost  literally  from  Air  XIX  of  The  Jovial  Crew,  a  popular 
comic  opera  altered  from  Broome's  comedy  by  Roome  in  1731  and  several 
times  reprinted  in  the  i8th  century.  For  North's  'axes',  a  reference  to 
the  threats  of  the  block  made  by  Fox,  Burke,  and  others,  see  No.  5969, 
&c. ;  for  his  taxes.  No.  5964,  &c.  For  the  plight  of  the  Opposition  cf. 
No.  6671,  &c. 

5iXi3iin. 

6981  THE  DIAMOND  PRESENT.  [i  Sept.  1786] 

Engraving.  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  King  seated  in  a  chair  holds  an  egg- 
like diamond  in  his  1.  hand,  and  gapes  in  astonishment  or  anger  towards 
three  ladies  (1.)  who  address  him  excitedly.  A  young  man  ( }  the  Prince 
of  Wales)  holds  open  a  door  through  which  looks  a  fourth  lady.  The  text 
(a  dialogue)  shows  that  the  women  are  the  Queen,  the  Princess  Royal, 
Princess  EHzabeth,  and  Mrs.  Schwellenberg.   They  discuss  the  diamond 

presented  by  Hastings,  the  King  saying  'they  may  well  call  Mr.  H the 

knave  of  diamonds',  see  No.  6966,  &c.  On  the  wall  is  an  oval  H.L.  portrait 
of  ( })  the  Prince  of  Wales. 

Sftxsfin.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

6982  THE  PRINCE  NOT  IN  STATE.  [i  Sept.  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  Prince  of  Wales  drives 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  in  a  small  two-wheeled  country  cart  in  the  direction  of 
a  signpost  pointing  To  Wales.  A  young  man  driving  (1.  to  r.)  a  fashionable 
high  phaeton  To  London  looks  down  at  the  couple  with  a  smile.  In  the 
distance  (r.)  is  St.  Paul's. 

^  *  Gut-scraper'  in  the  original. 
320 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Prince's  ostentatious  economies  at  Carlton 
House  in  July  1786,  see  No.  6967,  &c. 

Sttxsim. 

6983  THE  QUEEN  OF  CLUBS 

Published  Sep^  2cP'  iy86  by  S.  Trent  N^  i  New  S^  Covent  Garden. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duchess  of  Devonshire  stands  full- 
face,  her  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  out  in  her  1.  hand  a  tall 
staff  surmounted  by  a  stag's  head  (the  Cavendish  crest),  and  the  arm  of  a 
signpost  pointing  To  Chiswick  (where  the  Duke  had  an  estate).  From  the 
staff  is  slung  a  paper  headed  Graham's  private  advice  (see  No.  6323,  &c.). 
In  her  r.  hand  is  an  open  music-book,  Devonshire  Minuet.  One  foot  rests 
on  a  volume  of  Sentimental  Toasts^  the  other  on  Cap*  Morris's  Songs.  The 
upturned  brim  of  her  large  hat  is  ornamented  with  clubs  (cf.  No.  6976) 
and  a  large  blue  and  buff  favour.  The  hat  is  trimmed  with  fox's  brushes. 
Round  the  decolletage  of  her  dress  is  a  ribbon  inscribed  Liber-tatis.  A 
miniature  fox  is  suspended  at  her  breast  in  a  loop  of  ribbon.  Her  dress  is 
striped  in  blue  and  buff.* 

One  of  many  satires  deriving  from  the  activities  of  the  Duchess  at  the 
Westminster  Election  of  1784,  her  friendship  with  Fox,  and  her  acknow- 
ledged position  in  the  counsels  of  the  Whig  party,  cf.  her  diary  quoted  in 
Sichel's  Life  of  Sheridan.  See  Nos.  6493,  6588,  &c.  For  songs  to  the 
Duchess  see  Westminster  Election^  pp.  474,  494,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6969,  &c. 
7X5iin. 

6984  ROYAL  TASTE. 
[Dent.] 

\Pu¥f]pr  the  Proprietor  as  the  Act  directs,  by  J,  Carter,  Oxford  Street, 

Sep  2&^  iy86— 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  HI  drives  a  farm-cart  1.  to  r. 
and  downhill  in  Windsor  Great  Park.  Queen  Charlotte  sits  beside  him  and 
four  princesses  (one  a  child)  are  crowded  behind.  The  two  plodding 
horses  are  driven  tandem,  their  head-bands  inscribed  Felicity  and  Rusticity. 
The  cart  is  inscribed  Windsor  Farm  Common  stage  Cart  N°  iy86.  On  the 
horizon  (r.)  Windsor  Castle  is  faintly  indicated.  In  the  middle  distance  (r.) 
is  one  of  the  King's  farms.  Farther  off  a  coach  and  six  proceeds  from  r.  to  1. 
preceded  by  two  men  on  horseback. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  King's  personal  interest  in  his  Windsor 
farms  and  on  his  supposed  lack  of  dignity  in  private  life,  see  No.  6918,  &c. 
The  princesses  are  Charlotte  (the  Princess  Royal),  Augusta,  Elizabeth, 
and  Mary. 
8^X  I2|  in.  (clipped). 

6985  TAFFY  AND  HUR  WIFE,  SHENTLEMAN  OF  WALES. 
Pu¥  by  S  W  Fores  Sep^  28,  iy86  at  the  caricature  warehouse  no.  3 

Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  of  Wales 
riding  (r.  to  1.)  a  goat,  emblem  of  Wales.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  is  seated  astride 

^  As  always,  this  is  really  blue  and  pale  yellow,  and  almost  exactly  the  colour  of 
a  Westminster  Election  favour  in  the  Print  Room  (Banks  Collection  of  Trade  Cards). 

321  Y 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

behind  him,  her  arms  round  his  waist ;  her  leg  is  much  exposed,  showing 
a  garter  inscribed  honi  soit.  The  goat  is  the  size  of  a  horse  and  has  a  curly 
coat,  its  speed  is  indicated  by  the  petticoats  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  which 
stream  behind  her.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  is  a  milestone  inscribed  from 
Briton  to  Winsty.  In  the  background  (1.)  are  mountains  and  a  small  town. 
After  the  title  is  etched,  N.B.  The  Welch  Women  all  ride  cross  legged  and 
bare-backed. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  marriage  of  the  Prince,  see  No.  6924,  &c. 
'Winsty'  indicates  Wynnstay,  the  estate  of  Sir  Watkin  Williams  Wynn. 

Reproduced,  Print  Collector's  Quarterfyy  vol.  xxiii,  p.  107. 
SJxiiJ  in. 

6986  THE  KINGS  EVIL. 

Pu¥  by  S.  W.  Fores  Sep^  28  iy86  at  the  caricature  warehouse  no.  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  with  his 
arms  folded,  staring  gloomily.  He  wears  a  hat,  top-boots  with  spurs,  and 
holds  a  riding-switch.  Behind,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  sits  at  a  small  round 
table  holding  a  knife,  and  pointing  to  a  paper  inscribed  To  the  part  affected. 
Medicine-phials  and  salves  are  on  the  table.  Her  legs  are  placed,  and 
defined  under  her  dress,  in  a  manner  then  considered  immodest.  On  the 
wall  above  her  head  hangs  a  Garter  ribbon  (arranged  like  a  halter)  in- 
scribed Evil  to  them  that  evil  think.  On  the  wall  (r.)  behind  the  Prince's 
head  are  two  pistols  beneath  the  words  A  Recipe.  Part  of  a  settee  (r.) 
completes  the  design. 

For  the  Prince's  marriage  see  No.  6924,  &c. 

9igX7iiin. 

6987  WE  THREE  LOGGERHEADS  BE. 

Pu¥  by  S  W  Fores,  Sepf  28,  iy86  At  the  Caricature  Warehouse  vP  3 
Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  H.L.  portraits  of  George  IIP  (1.)  and 
the  Duke  of  Richmond  (r.)  looking  fixedly  at  each  other.  The  King  is  in 
profile,  the  Duke  in  back  view,  his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  1. 

On  inn-signs  of  this  name  two  men  were  depicted,  the  spectator  being 
the  third.    A  gibe  at  the  supposed  stupidity  of  the  King  (cf.  Nos.  5669, 
5683,  6007,  6486)  and  of  Richmond  (cf.  No.  6921,  &c.);  they  had  (before 
1783)  been  on  bad  terms. 
6ix8i^6in. 

6988  THE  GENERAL  TOAST. 

Published  by  SW  Fores  October  20  iy86,  at  the  caricature  warehouse 
vP  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  partly  coloured  impressions).  Three  oval  designs, 
two  above  with  a  larger  one  below,  illustrating  three  satirical  toasts.  Above 
(1.)  is  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Fox,  with  a  calculating  smile,  seated  at  a  table 

*  Or  possibly  the  Prince ;  this  is  suggested  by  the  arrangement  of  the  hair  and  the 
resemblance  to  the  Prince  in,  e.g.,  No.  6988. 

322 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

holding  a  dice-box ;  coins,  another  dice-box,  and  the  Knave  of  Clubs  (cf. 
No.  6976,  &c.)  are  on  the  table.  This  is  Honor  and  Honesty.  The  com- 
panion oval  contains  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Wilkes,  squinting  violently  as  he 
writes  A^"  4$  To  the  K.  Beside  him  is  a  book,  Essay  on  Woman.  This  is 
Love  and  Loyalty ^  cf.  No.  6568,  &c.  In  the  larger  oval  the  Prince  of  Wales 
(1.)  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  are  seated  together,  gazing  at  each  other,  her 
arm  round  his  neck.  Before  them  on  a  narrow  draped  table  is  a  book, 
Morris's  Songs.  This  is  Fitz  and  good  Company.  Cf.  No.  6924,  &c. 
loixSf  in.   Ovals,  4iX3i  in.  (2),  sh^Ah  i^- 

6989  RETURN  FROM  BRIGHTON,  OR  A  JOURNEY  TO  TOWN 
FOR  THE  WINTER  SEASON. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  act  directs j  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E.  Macklew,  Haymarkety 
Oct^  2j^  iy86  of  whom  may  be  had  the  new  and  much  admired  Prints 
of  A  trip  to  Brighton — The  Jovial  Crew  or  Merry  Beggars — The 
Sudden  Squall  &c  &c 

Engraving.  A  sequel  to  No.  6967.  A  coach  and  four  is  driven  at  a  gallop 
from  r.  to  1.,  by  two  postilions:  Fox  rides  the  near  wheeler,  Sheridan  the 
near  leader ;  both  ply  their  whips.  Inside  the  coach  is  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
reading  Town  Amusements  but  looking  at  his  infant  which  North,  on  the 
back  seat,  holds  on  his  knee  (cf.  No.  6954,  &c.).  On  the  Prince's  r.  is 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  The  centre  of  the  coach  roof  is  piled  with  boxes,  baskets 
of  fruit,  a  bunch  of  flowers,  a  hare,  and  a  bird.  These  divide  Hanger,  who 
sits  facing  the  horses,  his  club  under  his  arm,  reading  a  Scheme  for  finishing 
Carlton  House,  and  Weltje  reading  a  contract,  his  feet  resting  on  a  pot, 
saveall,  &c.  Both  men  smile  with  satisfaction.  The  door  of  the  coach  is 
decorated  with  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  as  Hope,  holding  an  anchor  surmounted 
by  the  Prince's  feathers  and  motto,  Ich  Dien ;  on  each  side-panel  is  a  star; 
it  is  ornate  and  decorated  with  crowns,  in  contrast  with  the  shabby  vehicle 
of  No.  6967.  In  front  of  the  coach  is  tied  a  large  pair  of  bellows  (whose 
nozzle  points  directly  at  Fox)  inscribed  Motion  for  increase  of  Income. 

This  anticipates  the  debates  of  20,  24,  and  27  Apr.  1787,  when  an  appeal 
was  made  for  the  payment  of  the  Prince's  debts.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  1019  f., 
1048-56,  1059;  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  181 1,  pp.  400  ff".  An 
appeal  for  an  increased  income  for  the  Prince  had  been  made  by  Sheridan 
and  Fox  in  debates  on  the  Civil  List,  5  and  6  Apr.  1786.  Pari.  Hist.  xxv. 
1354-6. 
7|Xi5in. 

6990  NON  COMMISSION  OFFICERS  EMBARKING  FOR 
BOTANY  BAY 

[J.  Boyne.]' 

Publishd  as  the  Act  directs  Nov""  i^,  iy86  by  H  Humphreys  Bond  S* 
&  E,  Hedges  N  92  Comhill 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  ship's  boat,  contain- 
ing the  Prince  of  Wales  and  his  friends,  puts  off  from  shore.  In  the  stern 

^  Attributed  by  Grego  to  Gillray, 

323 


V 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  Sheridan  clenching  his  fist  at  two  bearded  Jews  (1.)  who  kneel  in 
suppHcation  for  payment  of  their  debts.  Behind  them  stands  Perdita 
Robinson,  her  hair  loose,  her  arms  outstretched,  also  in  despair  at  the 
departure.  Captain  Morris  stands  in  the  stern,  pushing  off  with  a  boat- 
hook.  George  Hanger  turns  round  to  threaten  the  two  Jews  with  his 
bludgeon  (cf.  No.  6924).  In  front  of  him  sits  a  man  in  legal  gown  and 
flowing  wig,  his  face  almost  concealed,  identified  in  an  old  hand  (in 
No.  6992)  as  Erskine.  His  wig  is  inscribed  Leather  Bag.  The  two  central 
figures  are  the  Prince  and  Fox ;  the  Prince  sits  astride  a  cask  of  Imperial 
Tokeyy  holding  up  a  glass  and  looking  reflectively  towards  the  shore ;  Fox 
stands  behind  him,  his  hands  resting  on  the  hilt  of  a  large  sword  inscribed 
chop  Logic.  In  the  bows  stands  Burke,  bending  forward,  his  arms  out- 
stretched as  if  giving  a  benediction;  he  wears  a  monk's  robe  with  a  mitre 
in  place  of  the  usual  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026).  At  his  feet  sit  North  and  Port- 
land, wearing  his  coronet.  Sheridan,  Morris,  and  Fox  wear  armour  and 
helmets;  that  of  Sheridan  is  inscribed  From  Drury^  that  of  Morris  W 
Morris;  that  of  Fox  is  plumed,  and  decorated  with  a  fox's  head,  a  gallows, 
and  the  words  We  escape.  The  Prince  wears  a  fool's  cap  trimmed  with 
his  feathers.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  gallows  and  a  ship  on  a  very  small  scale, 
inscribed  Black  Wall,  are  faintly  indicated,  showing  that  the  departure  is 
from  Execution  Dock  where  pirates  and  others  were  hanged. 

A  satire  on  the  bankruptcy,  political  and  financial,  of  the  Opposition, 
cf.  Nos.  6671,  6980,  &c.  In  September  the  newspapers  first  reported  the 
intention  of  the  Government  to  send  convicts  to  Botany  Bay,  e.g.  London 
Chronicle,  14  Sept.  1786.  The  scheme  was  mentioned  in  the  King's  Speech 
of  23  Jan.  1787.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  212.  See  Rose,  Pitt  and  National 
Revival,  191 1,  pp.  436  ff.  See  Nos.  6992  (a  sequel),  7122,  and  No.  7127. 
For  Fox  and  the  Jews  see  No.  6617,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  6991.  Similar  in 
manner  to  No.  6281. 
14JX20J  in. 


6991  THE  LEGACY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  i&^  1786;  by  W:  Holland  AT"  66  Drury  Lane. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  white  horse  of 
Hanover,  laden  with  two  panniers  (inscribed  Sterling)  overflowing  with 
guineas,  and  a  tea-tray  with  a  tea-service,  is  being  led  off^  to  the  r.  by  a 
scampering  demon,  wearing  a  high  cocked  hat  and  a  coat,  his  hair  in  a 
queue.  Under  his  arm  is  a  sack  inscribed  light  gold  for  charities.  A  sign- 
post (r.)  points  To  Hesse-Cassel.  A  sack,  labelled  For  Secret  Services,  with 
the  legs  and  feet  of  an  animal  or  demon  walks  behind  the  horse,  which 
directs  a  blast  of  excrement  towards  the  royal  party.  In  the  middle  distance 
(1.)  the  royal  family  stand  disconsolately  in  a  group:  Queen  Charlotte, 
much  caricatured,  holds  up  a  slender  purse  to  the  King  with  a  gesture  of 
despairing  astonishment.  The  King,  who  wears  a  hunting-cap,  though 
melancholy,  appears  resigned.  The  younger  children,  ragged  and  in  tears, 
surround  their  parents.  Behind  them  is  Windsor  Castle.  In  the  fore- 
ground (1.)  is  the  corner  of  a  debtors'  prison,  a  begging-box  outside  the 
barred  window  through  which  look  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Burke,  Fox,  and 
North ;  George  Hanger's  profile  is  just  visible  within. 

324 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

A  satire  on  the  will  of  the  Princess  Amelia,  the  aunt  of  George  III,  who 
died  31  Oct.  1786.  She  left  the  bulk  of  her  property  to  her  nephews 
Prince  Charles  and  Prince  Frederick  of  Hesse-Cassel.  There  were  other 
legacies,  but  nothing  was  left  to  any  member  of  the  English  royal  family. 
Gent.  Mag.y  1786,  ii.  1000.  See  also  No.  7121,  and  cf.  No.  7836,  &c. 
Cf.  Peter  Pindar's  O^e: 

"What,  What?  You  know  that  B ,  my  old  dead  Aunt, 

"Left  not  a  Sixpence,  Pitt,  these  Eyes  to  bless 
"But  from  the  Parish  sav'd  that  F 1  at  H—sse. 

ii|Xi6i^gin. 

6992  LANDING  AT  BOTANY  BAY 

[J.  Boyne.] 

Published  Nov''  16  iy86  by  E  Hedges  Comhill  N  g2  &  H.  Humphreys 
N'  5  Bond  S' 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  sequel  to  No.  6990, 
The  party  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  dressed  as  in  No.  6990,  lands  in  a  body, 
headed  by  George  Hanger,  who  marches  with  a  flag  on  which  are  fetters 
and  the  words  The  Majesty  of  the  People.  Next  walks  Burke  holding  a  tall 
crozier  and  reading  from  the  Newgate  Calendar.  Captain  Morris  and 
Erskine  walk  together;  Morris  has  the  legs  of  a  satyr,  his  tongue  protrudes, 
and  he  looks  fiercely  over  his  r.  shoulder.  A  box,  inscribed  The  Critic  I 
C^  Morrises  Songs  or  Wit  and  Obscenity  Propper  Amuseme[nt]  for  a  Prince  j 
FiantSy  is  slung  across  his  shoulders.  Erskine,  the  Prince's  Attorney- 
General,  carries  before  him  a  box  surmounted  by  the  Prince's  feathers 
decorated  with  a  large  monogram,  GP.  The  rest  of  the  party  has  not 
reached  land :  the  Prince  sits  astride  a  plank  carried  by  a  convict,  the  other 
end  being  shoved  off  the  boat  by  a  convict  in  the  stern.  North  and  Fox, 
wading,  support  him  by  the  r.  and  1.  arms.  These  three  have  expressions 
of  alarm  and  despair.  Sheridan  is  absent.  A  convict  in  irons  (1.)  is  picking 
North's  pocket.  The  bows  of  the  boat  are  filled  by  convicts.  In  the  middle 
distance  is  the  ship :  from  the  mainmast  flies  a  pennant  inscribed  Coalition 
Transport  C^  Morris  commander.  A  sailor  standing  on  one  of  the  yards 
waves  a  long  streamer  inscribed  Send  off  the  Long  Boat  Lord  George  is 
Preaching  free  Will  to  the  Convicts.  From  a  cliff  (1.)  a  savage  is  about  to 
hurl  a  rock  on  the  ship,  another  uses  a  bow  and  arrow.  In  the  distance  (r.) 
three  naked  savages  flee  from  the  ship ;  behind  is  a  rocky  peak.  Beneath 
the  design  is  etched,  all  these  &  more  came  flocking  but  with  Looks  down 
cast  &  Damp  &c. 

Lord  George  Gordon  in  1786  wrote  and  published  a  pamphlet,  *A  Peti- 
tion to  Lord  George  Gordon  for  the  Prisoners  in  Newgate,  praying  for  his 
Interference,  and  that  he  would  secure  their  Liberties,  by  preventing  them 
from  being  sent  to  Botany  Bay',  and  had  copies  distributed  in  the  prison. 
For  this  he  was  tried  for  libel  in  the  King's  Bench,  6  June  1787,  and 
sentenced  28  Jan.  1788.  Erskine  was  one  of  the  counsel  for  the  prosecution. 
Ann.  Reg.  J  lyS'j^  pp.  242  ff. 
14^X20^  in. 

325 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

6993  AN  ENQUIRY  INTO  THE  CAUSE  OF  THE  HIGH  PRICE 
OF  PROVISIONS. 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Le  Sheriff  Executed  by  Corporation 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E,  Macklew,  Haymarkety 
Nov^  23  iy86  of  whom  may  be  had  the  new  Print  of  the  Mayor's  Feast 
at  Guildhall  iy86. 

Engraving.  A  city  feast,  guzzlers  seated  on  each  side  of  a  long  table,  the 
ends  of  which  do  not  appear.  The  decorations  of  the  wall  explain  the  in- 
tention of  the  satire :  in  the  centre  is  an  escutcheon,  a  burlesque  of  the 
arms  of  the  City  of  London ;  a  knife  (in  place  of  the  dagger)  in  the  sinister 
chief  quarter  is  inscribed  Hash.  The  supporters  are  two  stags,  probably 
an  allusion  to  the  old  gibe  that  citizens  were  cuckolds.  The  motto  is  We 
live  to  eat.  A  turtle  serves  as  crest.  On  each  side  of  the  arms  are  two 
placards:  [i]  Resolved^  That  all  persons  not  bound  by  Corporation  laws  to 
feed  on  animal  food,  be  advised  to  content  themselves  with  a  vegetable  diet,  as 

it  will  much  tend  to  reduce  tlie  price  of  Provisions.  [2]  Hereford.  Father  H 

informs  the  Committee,  that  he  is  using  his  best  endeavours  to  prevent  the  little 
farmers  being  guilty  of  monopolizing  the  necessaries  of  Life.  [3]  The  Committee 
feel  themselves  much  indebted  to  their  West  India  correspondent,  &  hope  a 
cotinuance  of  his  favors,  as  they  very  much  wish  to  promote  the  Trade  of  the 
Islands.  [4]  The  Committee  return  thanks  to  their  Correspondent  Sylva,for  his 
kind  correspondence,  &  would  be  very  glad  of  the  assistance  of  any  other 
gentleman,  in  the  like  manner,  they  having  a  very  great  predilection  for  primi- 
tive living.  Two  pictures  are  on  the  extreme  1.  and  r. :  The  Report  represents 
a  citizen  wearing  a  civic  chain  seated  in  a  latrine ;  behind  his  head  are  two 
placards :  Cure  for  a  Surfeit  and  Good  exaw,ple  a  city  Tale.  The  Cause  (r.) 
depicts  a  stout  man  gorging  at  a  table  loaded  with  food  and  wine ;  on  the 
wall  is  a  placard.  Moderation,  an  old  story. 

On  the  farther  side  of  the  table  are  five  men ;  four  are  guzzling  in  an  ill- 
bred  manner,  the  one  farthest  1.  holds  a  wine-glass.  All  have  napkins 
tucked  under  the  chin.  Behind  their  heads  are  placards:  Resolved,  That 
a  bounty  be  given  for  the  encouragement  of  the  Turbot  fishery  and  (r.)  Resolved, 
nem.  con.  That  corporation  dinners  do  not  increase  the  price  of  Provisions. 
Four  men  sit  on  the  near  side  of  the  table,  two  in  back  view,  the  two 
central  diners  turning  their  heads  in  profile  to  look  at  each  other;  on  the 
bench  next  one  of  these  (1.)  is  a  hammer  inscribed  Auctioneer,  next  the  other 
a  trowel  inscribed  Bricklayer.  All  wear  civic  gowns.  The  table  is  covered 
with  food  and  there  is  a  bottle  of  Claret.  The  two  centre  dishes  are  a 
tureen  (inscribed  Turtle)  from  which  hangs  a  label,  a  West  India  Trader  to 
the  Provision  Committee,  and  a  saddle  of  mutton,  correspondingly  labelled 
Sylva  to  the  Provision  Committee. 

City  guzzlers  are  satirized  by  allusions  to  the  inclosure  controversy :  the 
title  appears  to  be  taken  from  an  anonymous  pamphlet  of  1785 :  *A  Political 
Enquiry  into  the  consequences  of  enclosing  waste  lands  and  the  causes  of 
the  present  high  price  of  Butchers'  Meat,  Being  the  sentiments  of  a  Society 

of  Farmers  in shire'  [.?  Hereford].    This  was  answered  in  1787  by 

Howlett,  who  maintained  that  inclosures  did  not  increase  the  price  of  food. 
The  inclosure  controversy  was  interrelated  with  that  on  the  monopoliza- 
tion of  farms  by  the  squeezing  out  of  small  farmers.  'Sylva'  is  perhaps  the 
writer  of  a  topical  pamphlet,  not  traced  in  the  B.M.L.    In  March  1786 

326 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1786 

there  was  a  debate  on  the  encouragement  of  the  British  turbot  fishery. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  1156  ff. 
8f  Xi2f  in. 

6994  EMPLOYMENT  DURING  RECESS 

[J.  Boyne.] 

Published  by  H.  Humphreys  New  Bond  S^  Nov""  25  iy86 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  design  in  two  com- 
partments, each  based  on  one  of  the  famiHar  'Cries  of  London*: 

In  Le — Gagne — Petit  (1.)  Fox  is  a  knife-grinder  busily  sharpening  a 
headsman's  axe.  Arranged  along  his  barrow  are  four  knives  of  various 
shapes  inscribed  respectively  Enquiry,  inversion,  sarcasm  (with  a  notched 
blade),  incrementum.  A  horn  attached  to  the  barrow  is  inscribed  Fluidity, 
a  box  Collective  Ideas.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  the  gateway  of  St.  James's 
Palace  with  two  sentries.  Behind  Fox  (r.)  is  the  house  at  the  SW.  corner 
of  S^  Jameses  SK  He  wears  a  cap  and  a  waistcoat  showing  a  ragged  shirt- 
sleeve. Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

To  be  Sirs  Ingenious  Fll  tell  you  my  Mind 

His  for  What  I  can  get  Makes  me  Willing  to  Grind. 

[2]  Poisson — Sale.  Burke  walks  (1.  to  r.)  along  Pall  Mall  carrying 
bundles  of  stock-fish  on  a  pole  across  his  shoulder;  he  bends  forward 
supporting  himself  with  a  stout  stick.  His  only  garment,  except  hat  and 
short  wig  showing  his  own  hair,  is  a  coat  worn  back  to  front,  his  legs  being 
bare.    On  a  wall  behind  him  (1.)  are  two  play-bills:  Much- Ado  about 

Nothing  Principle  Performer  M^  B e  with  The  Pathless  Irishman,  and 

Impeachment  of  Warren  Hastings  a  Farce,  as  performed  by  the  Tools  of 
Faction  S^  Stephens  Chaple.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

Salt  Fish  ho 

His  I  Who  late  Amused  you  all  by  Crying  Hastings. 

'Hastings'  is  a  pun:  early  peas  were  cried  in  the  London  streets  as 
bastings,  cf.  No.  7267,  &c. 

For  the  proceedings  against  Hastings  in  1786  see  No.  6979,  &c.  For  Fox 
and  Burke  cf.  Nos.  6790,  6791. 
Each  design,  7f  X  6  in.  PL,  8Jx  13!  in. 

6995  TPIE  COMMERCIAL  TREATY;  OR,  JOHN  BULL  CHANG- 
ING BEEF  AND  PUDDING  FOR  FROGS  AND  SOUP  MAIGRE! 

Pub.  by  W^  Holland  A^"  66  Drury  lane.  Nov"  25  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III,  dressed  as  a  cook  but  wear- 
ing a  ribbon  and  star,  advances  from  the  1.  with  a  large  dish  of  ribs  of  beef. 
He  is  followed  by  (presumably)  Queen  Charlotte  as  a  cook-maid  carrying 
a  pudding.  They  meet  a  grotesquely  caricatured  Frenchman  and  French- 
woman, probably  intended  for  Louis  XVI  and  Marie-Antoinette.  The 
man  strides  forward  holding  out  a  dish  of  frogs ;  he  is  foppishly  dressed 
with  a  long  queue  and  sword ;  the  woman  wears  a  cap  but  is  dressed  in  the 
fashion  with  very  projecting  bust  and  'derriere'  (see  No.  6874);  on  the 
latter  at  her  back  is  seated  a  monkey.    She  holds  a  small  dish  or  cup. 

327 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Beside  George  III  is  a  stolid  English  dog;  a  lean  French  greyhound  stands 
on  his  hind  legs  begging  for  English  beef  (cf.  Nos.  561 1- 12).  In  the  centre, 
above  and  between  the  two  men,  is  a  knife  inscribed  Margaret  Nicholson's 
KnifCy  see  No.  6973,  &c. 

For  the  Commercial  Treaty  of  1786  see  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^ 
191 1,  ch.  xiv;  id,,  *The  Franco-British  Commercial  Treaty  of  1786*, 
Eng.  Hist.  Rev.,  1908;  J.  H.  Clapham  in  Camb.  Hist,  of  Br.  Foreign 
Policy,  i,  1922,  pp.  164  ff.  The  terms  were  highly  advantageous  to  English 
manufacturers,  largely  owing  to  Eden*s  expert  knowledge  (see  No.  6815) 
and  to  de  Rayneval's  doctrinaire  belief  in  the  dogmas  of  the  Physiocrats. 
The  Opposition  tried  unsuccessfully  to  revive  the  clamour  which  had 
proved  successful  against  the  Irish  Propositions  (see  No.  6795).  See  also 
Nos.  7128,  7130,  7132,  7133,  7136,  7137,  7140,  7141,  7142,  7143,  7144, 
7148,  7150,  7158,  7170,  7175,  7480,  7841. 
8ixi2jin. 

6996  PROVINCIAL  GENERAL  BUTTONS  MARCHING  TO  SARA- 
TOGA WITH  PLUNDER 

Kay  fecit  iy86  [after  Lt.-Col.  Campbell]. 

Engraving.  An  officer  rides  (r.  to  1.)  along  a  winding  road,  he  looks  over 
his  r.  shoulder  at  the  spectator,  showing  a  scowling  face  and  large,  grotesque 
features.  Behind  him  is  a  saddle-bag,  a  saddle,  &c.  Before  him  in  the 
distance  is  a  mounted  soldier  wearing  a  Liberty  cap,  cf.  No.  5329. 

Drawn  by  Campbell  while  a  prisoner  of  war  after  Saratoga  (see  No, 
5670,  &c.),  the  General  striking  him  as  a  ludicrous  figure.  There  is  no 
officer  of  this  name  in  the  American  Diet.  Nat.  Biog. 

Kay,  No.  CVII. 
4iX4iin. 


328 


1786 
PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

6997-7009 

Series  of  THe-a-Ute  Portraits 

6997  N°  XXXIV.   THE  FAIR  HIBERNIAN. 
N°  XXXV   THE  STANCH  PATRIOT. 

London,  Publish' d  Jany  2^;  iy86,  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^'  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xvii.  625.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . . .'.  The  man  wears 
regimentals,  a  ribbon  and  star.  He  is  'descended  from  one  of  the  greatest 
families  in  Ireland*,  and  has  spurned  lucrative  offers  from  the  Lord- 
Lieutenant.  He  is  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Lord  Charlemont;  it  is 
implied,  however,  that  he  is  a  duke ;  if  so  he  must  be  the  Duke  of  Leinster, 
the  subject  of  an  earlier  TSte-a-tetey  see  No.  5356.  There  are  no  clues 
by  which  he  can  be  identified  with  certainty ;  the  star  is  incorrect  in  either 
case.  The  Fair  Hibernian  is  a  courtesan. 
Ovals.  2|X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6998  N°  XXXVII   THE  PIOUS  PROSELYTE. 
N°  XXXVIII    THE  PROFLIGATE  PRIEST. 

London,  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  Jany  18;  iy86 

Engraving.    Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xvii.  681.   Two  bust  portraits 

in  oval  frames.   The  man  is  a  parson  with  a  small  living,  which  he  is  said 

to  have  obtained  by  countenancing  the  amours  of  a  peer  with  his  sister; 

he  gets  a  livelihood  from  cards.  The  'proselyte*  is  of  good  family  and  bad 

reputation. 

Ovals.  3  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

6999  N°  II    DORINDA. 
N°  III    DORCAS. 

London,  Published  Feby  i,  iy86  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  9.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
Captain  Topham  and  Mrs.  Wells.'  He  has  'exerted  himself  very  power- 
fully' to  bring  Dorinda  forward,  and  wrote  a  farce  for  her  benefit  'last  year* 
which  established  her  reputation. 

This  was  The  Fool,  played  14  Dec.  1785  at  Covent  Garden,  when  Mrs. 
Wells  made  her  first  appearance  there;  she  did  not  have  a  benefit  till 
II  May  1786,  when  another  farce  by  Topham,  Small  Talk,  or  The  West- 

'  H.  Bleackley  identifies  them  as  Robert  Merry  and  Elizabeth  Brunton.  This  is 
impossible:  Merry  wrote  no  farce  in  1785  and  did  not  return  to  England  from 
Florence  till  1787. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

minster  Boy^  was  hooted  from  the  stage  by  a  body  of  Westminster  boys. 
Baker,  Biog.  Dram. ;  Genest,  vi.  390-402.  See  Nos.  6854,  7058,  and  Index. 

Ovals.  2|X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7000  N°  IV    THE  CELEBRATED  MRS  M ^Y. 

N°  V.    THE  UNFORTUNATE  ADVENTURER 

Londofiy  Published  March  i;  iy86  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun%  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ^  xviii.  65.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames,  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . .  .*.  An  account  of 
an  Irish  peer  who  lost  his  fortune  in  one  night  by  gambling,  became 
destitute,  and  was  supported  by  Mrs.  M — y,  a  courtesan.  He  has  now  fled 
with  her  to  Boulogne  to  escape  his  creditors. 
Ovals.  3  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7001  N°  VII.   THE  AMIABLE  MADAME  LE  J NE. 

N°  VIII.   THE  DIPLOMATIC  CICISBEO. 

London,  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street  i  April  iy86. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  121.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . .  .*.  An  account  of 
the  son  of  one  of  the  most  fashionable  foreign  ministers  at  the  Court 
of  George  II.  The  lady  is  descended  from  a  noble  family,  apparently 
Catholic,  in  the  North  of  England,  and  is  spoken  of  as  Mrs.  Lig — r 
( }  Ligonier). 
Ovals.  3  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7002  N°  X.   THE  FRAIL  ALICIA. 

N°  XI.   THE  WHIMSICAL  LOVER. 

London,  Publish' d  May  i^;  iy86  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  171.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account 
of  Sir  Sampson  Gideon  (1745-1824),  described  as  eccentric  and  puerile. 
Alicia  is  described  as  repulsive  in  every  way:  a  servant  in  a  brothel  who 
had  kept  her  virginity.   The  description  is  inconsistent  with  her  portrait. 

Rubens,  No.  354. 
Ovals.  3  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7003  N°  XIII   THE  WHITE  CROW. 
N°  XIV.   THE  CITY  GULL. 

London,  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  JuW  Fleet  Street,  June  i;  iy86 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  233.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . . .'.  An  account  of 
the  insignificant  son  of  a  rich  citizen  noteworthy  only  as  the  protector  of 
Mrs.  Mary  Corbyn,  a  courtesan  known  as  'The  White  Crow*.  See  Bleackley, 
Ladies  Fair  and  Frail,  1909,  p.  270. 
Ovals,  3  X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

330 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES   I786 

7004  N°  XVI    THE  MERETRICIOUS  FAIR. 
N°  XVII.    LORD  CROP. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  JuW  Fleet  Street  July  i;  iy86. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xviii.  289.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . . .'.  An  account  of 
Lord  George  Gordon,  said  (incorrectly)  to  have  been  excommunicated 
and  liable  to  imprisonment  for  life  unless  he  submits  (cf.  No.  6992).  The 

woman  is  Miss  E ,  a  prostitute. 

Rubens,  No.  130. 
Ovals,  3  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7005  N°  XIX.    THE  FALSE  WIFE. 

N°  XX.    THE  PERSEVERING  LOVER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun"  Fleet  Street,  Aug*  i^*;  iy86. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  345.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . . .'.  An  account  of 
the  Hon.  John  Townshend,  who  is  mentioned  by  riame,  contrary  to  the 

custom  of  the  series,  as  the  seducer  of  the  wife  of  Mr.  F (WilUam 

Fawkener,  a  Clerk  of  the  Privy  Council).  Mr.  F.  succeeded  in  an  action 
for  crim.  con.  A  duel  was  fought  between  Fawkener  and  Townshend, 
22  May  1786,  the  latter  firing  into  the  air.  Ibid.,  p.  332.  See  No.  7349,  &c. 
Ovals,  3  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7006  N°  XXII    AMERICAN  MATRON. 

N°  XXIII    THE  HIBERNIAN  FACTOR. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  JuW  Fleet  Street,  Sep"  i;  iy86. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  401.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . . .'.  An  account  of 
a  linen-factor  from  North  Ireland  established  in  London  and  of  a  woman 
born  in  New  York,  married  in  1763  to  a  paymaster  in  the  British  Army. 
She  has  been  divorced  after  proceedings  in  Doctors'  Commons,  and  is 
now  deserted  by  her  lover. 

They  are  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Quintin  Dick  and  Mrs.  Ann  Wood. 
Trial,  B.M.L.  518.  c.  18/8. 
Ovals,  3  X  2  J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7007  N°  XXV.    THE  MAID  OF  SENSIBILITY. 
N°  XXVI    THE  HIBERNIAN  SEDUSER. 

London,  Published  OcV  2,  iy86  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  457.  Two  bust  portraits 
illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . .  .*.  An  account  of  Charles  Coote, 
5th  Baron  Coloony,  cr.  Earl  of  Bellamont  1767.  His  marriage  (with  a 
daughter  of  the  ist  Duke  of  Leinster)  is  described  as  one  of  interest;  he 
seduced  a  poor  gentlewoman  by  whom  he  had  two  children ;  to  his  great 
sorrow  she  died  after  five  years. 

For  Bellamont  see  G.E.C.,  Complete  Peerage. 
Ovals,  2if  X  2iin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

331 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7008  N°  XXVIII.    THE  BEETLE-BROWED  NURSE. 
N°  XXIX   THE  UNGRATEFUL  BARONET. 

London,  Publish' d  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  Nov'  i;  iy86. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  513.  Two  bust  portraits 
illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . . .'.  An  account  of  the  younger 
son  of  a  baronet,  who  became  infatuated  with  the  wet-nurse  of  one  of  his 
brother's  children,  lived  with  her  extravagantly  and  became  heavily  in 
debt,  with  many  children.  On  accession  to  the  title  through  the  deaths  of 
his  father  and  nephew,  he  broke  off  relations  with  the  nurse  and  married 
a  rich  woman. 

Identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Sir  Thomas  Acland. 
Ovals,  3  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7009  N°  XXXI    THE  BARN-DOOR  FOWL. 
N°  XXXII   ANTICIPATOR. 

London,  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  Street  DeC  i;  iy86. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xviii.  569.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  . .  .\  An  account  of 
Richard  Tickell  (1751-93),  so  styled  from  his  pamphlet  Anticipation  {ijjgl). 
The  'two  dramatic  works'  here  attributed  to  him  are  incorrectly  described, 
the  first  as  an  original  opera  'which  experienced  universal  reprobation'.  This 
was  The  Carnival  of  Venice,  a  comic  opera  acted  at  Drury  Lane  in  178 1  and 
'very  successful'.  Baker,  Biog.  Dram.  The  second,  'a  romance  translated 
from  the  French,  which  was  forced  upon  the  town  as  a  spectacle  and 
supported  by  the  excellence  of  its  scenery.  In  this  piece,  however,  he  was 
assisted  by  a  well-known  general  [Burgoyne],  the  modem  Congreve  [Sheri- 
dan] and  a  third  associate'.  This  points  to  The  Camp,  attributed  by  con- 
temporaries to  Sheridan,  since  Moore's  Life  (p.  194)  to  Tickell,  and  now 
again  to  Sheridan.  R.  C.  Rhodes,  Sheridan's  Plays  and  Poems,  ii.  269  ff. 
Tickell 's  second  play,  however,  was  The  Gentle  Shepherd  (1781),  adapted 

from  Allan  Ramsay's  pastoral.  The  woman  is  the  'Mrs.  B ,  by  whom 

he  had  several  children',  mentioned  by  Baker,  op.  cit.    After  an  un- 
successful trial  at  Covent  Garden  she  succeeded  on  the  Dublin  stage, 
but  owing  to  her  debts  is  now  a  demi-rep  in  London. 
Ovals,  3  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7010  ANECDOTE  MAQONNIQUE.   A  MASONIC  ANECDOTE. 
Dessini par  un  Frere  Magon  temoin  de  la  Scene. 

[Gillray,  probably  after  an  amateur.] 

London  Published  November  21^^  iy86.  for  the  Proprietor,  by  H. 
Humphrey,  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Title  and  inscriptions 
are  in  French  and  English  in  two  columns ;  the  French  appears,  in  spite 
of  errors,  to  be  the  original  and  is  therefore  transcribed.  A  masonic  feast : 
in  the  centre  of  the  room  on  a  platform  is  an  empty  armchair  decorated 
with  a  masonic  symbol.  Below  it  and  on  the  r.  is  a  table  with  punch-bowl, 
glasses,  candles,  &c.,  behind  which  are  the  English  members  of  the  Lodge, 

332 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES   I786 

some  seated,  others  standing.  On  the  1.  sit  the  French  members,  the  most 
prominent  being  Cagliostro ;  all  wear  masonic  aprons.  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved : 

Arrivee  a  Londres  le  P^  Novemhre  iy86y  au  frere  Balsamo  Soi-disant 
Prince  de  Trebisondey  Marquis  de  Harrat,  Comte  de  CagliostrOy  &c.  &c.  &c. 

Le  frere  titrS  ayant  ete  rendre  visite  a  la  Loge  Magonne  de  VAntiquiti, 
avec  quelques  etr anger s^  le  frere  Mash  Opticien,  substitua  par  hazard  et  tres 
innocemmentj  a  une  chanson  qui  lui  fut  demandee^  un  rdle  de  Charlatan^ 
que  Af  le  Comte  crut  itre  joui  expres  pour  luiy  cequi  le  fit  deguerpir  de  la 
Loge  J  tres  mecontent  du  plaisir  que  le  frere  Mash  avoit  fait  a  la  compagnie, 

Mr.  Barker  perruquier,  King  Street^  Bloomsburyy  Maitre  de  la  Loge. 
Le  Souper  y  compris  le  Vin  et  le  Punch  3  Chelins  par  tete. 

Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Abrege  de  Vhistoire  du  Comte  Arabe. 
Ni,  Dieu  sait  oii;  MaintenUy  Dieu  sait  comme, 
Maitre  ou  Valety  Manant  ou  Gentilhomme; 
Voila  Vami  du  Lord  George  G  .  .  .  .  n:^ 
Voild  celui  qui  fut  refu  Magon 
Sous  un  nomfaux:  Enfant  de  Vimposture, 
II  dit  ^'Je  souis^  lefils  de  la  nature. 
"  Voyez  en  moi  Vinnocent  Acharat; 
"Fenix,  Anna^  le  Marquis  de  Haraty 
"le  fas  dou  bienyj'ai  Vame  charitable, 
"J'ai  le  secret  de  rendre  V or  potable; 
"le  guarris  tout  avec  mon  Balsamo: 
"Ce  n'est  pas  tout,  je  souis  purissimo. 
Beaucoup  de  gens,  simples,  folles,  creduleSy 
Ont  avale  les  poudres,  les  pilules 
Du  Charlatan  qui  leur  parloit  ainsi, 
De  son  Roman  tel  est  le  raccourci; 
Mais  il  s'enfaut  que  ce  soit  son  histoire, 
A  tout  le  Monde  il  est  enfin  notoire. 
Que  Balsamo  fut  un  peintre  ignorant, 
QuHlfuty  ensuite,  un  imposteur  errant; 
Que  par  troisfois,  il  vint  en  Angleterre, 
A  chaquefois  changeant  de  baptistaire. 
Qu*il  attrapa  les  braves  Alsaciens, 
En  leur  donnant  des  Us  Egyptiens. 
Strasbourg,  Bordeaux,  Lyon  et  Paris  mime, 
Se  sont  laisses  prendre  a  ce  stratagSme. 
Au  Frere  Mash  il  etoit  reserve. 
Que  par  ses  soins  Londres  fut  preserve, 
De  la  legon  que  ce  frere  lui  donne; 
Profitez  tous,  Magons,  car  elle  est  bonne. 

Cagliostro  says.  Per  Dio  Santo!  Son  Scoperto  (I  am  discovered).  A  smiling 
Frenchman  bends  over  him  from  the  r.,  saying,  M^  le  Comte,  je  vais  remercier 
ces  Messieurs,  et  nous  Sortirons.  Five  other  Frenchmen  (1.)  say  (1.  to  r.): 
(i)  Et  c'est  la  notrefondateurl  (2)  Quelle  insolence!  (3)  Monpauvre  Acharat! 
Comme  on  te  traite! ;  (4)  C'en  est  trop,  partons;  (5)  Que  cela  soit  vrai,  ou 

^  'Lord  Crop'  in  the  English  version,  see  No.  7004. 
^  Cagliostro  speaks  with  an  Italian  accent. 

333 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

JauXy  que  nCimporte?  Mash  stands  (r.)  holding  up  a  small  bottle  and  saying, 
Are  you  shot  through  the  Heart?  take  a  drop  of  my  Balsamo.  A  fat  English- 
man seated  at  the  table  points  at  Cagliostro,  saying,  Tout  se  voit  a  la  fitly 
M^  le  Comte.  A  man  holds  out  a  feathered  hat,  saying.  Take  your  Hat^  Sir, 
and  God  bless  you.  Huzza!  Another,  holding  out  a  snuff-box,  says,  Sir^ 
there  is  your  Snuff  Box.  Huzza!  A  crowd  in  the  background  repeat  i/M^r^ra. 
All  the  Englishmen  are  smiHng.  A  mUson  at  the  extreme  r.  brings  in  a 
punch-bowl.    Candle-sconces  and  masonic  emblems  decorate  the  wall. 

Cagliostro  came  to  England  after  his  release  from  the  Bastille  in  1786 
and  was  received  with  sympathy  as  a  victim  of  French  tyranny,  especially 
by  Lord  George  Gordon,  who  published  libellous  paragraphs  in  the 
Public  Advertiser,  22  and  24  Aug.  1786,  against  Marie- Antoinette  and 
Barthelemy,  the  French  charge  d'affaires  in  London,  in  support  of 
Cagliostro.  See  Gordon's  Trial,  1787  (B.M.L.  518.  3.  22/4).  Sophie  v.  la 
Roche  describes  visits  to  Cagliostro 's  house  in  Brompton  (Sloane  Street), 
Oct.  1786,  where  she  met  Lord  George.  Sophie  in  London,  pp.  137,  148. 

He  was  the  founder  of  a  new  (Egyptian)  order  of  Free  Masons,  cf.  a 
caricature.  The  Celebrated  Doctor  Comte  Cagliostro  and  his  Assistant  Making 
the  necessary  preparations  for  Admission  into  the  Ancient  Order  of  Egyptian 
Free  Masonry.  .  .  .  Sold  in  London  in  the  Srand  No.  160.  [  ?  A  pseudo- 
English,  French  print.]  De  Vinck,  No.  mo.  Cf.  a  portrait  published  by 
Torre  for  the  engraver  R.  S.  Marcuard,  6  Oct.  1786,  with  inscriptions 
in  French  and  English  extolling  his  sublime  talents  and  disinterested 
humanity,   de  Vinck,  No.  11 04  (impression  in  Print  Room). 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  83.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  379***.    De  Vinck, 
No.  nil. 
i4Xi7i  in. 

7011  LADY  TERMAGANT  FLAYBUM  GOING  TO  GIVE  HER 
STEP  SON  A  TASTE  OF  HER  DESERT  AFTER  DINNER,  A 
SCENE  PERFORMED  EVERY  DAY  NEAR  GROSVENOR  SQUARE, 
TO  THE  ANNOYANCE  OF  THE  NEIGHBOURHOOD. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  25^*  1786,  by  W.  Holland  N"  66  Drury-Lane. 

Engraving.  Lady  Strathmore  leans  back  in  an  armchair,  her  legs  crossed ; 
in  her  r.  hand  is  a  birch-rod,  she  holds  in  her  1.  hand  the  hand  of  a  boy,  her 
(supposed)  step-son,  whom  another  woman  (r.)  holds  out  for  chastisement. 
He  is  crying,  the  woman  is  about  to  take  off  his  breeches.  On  the  extreme 
r.  a  dinner-table  is  partly  visible,  with  a  large  tureen  decorated  with  coat 
of  arms  and  coronet.  Lady  Strathmore 's  hair  is  decorated  with  flowers  and 
feathers,  her  breasts  are  much  exposed  and  her  appearance  is  meretricious. 

At  this  time  Lady  Strathmore  had  fled  from  her  husband  in  Grosvenor 
Square  and  had  exhibited  Articles  of  the  Peace  against  him  in  the  King's 
Bench  (7  Feb.  1785),  and  was  living  under  the  protection  of  the  Court. 
She  had  no  step-son.  In  the  Confessions  (pub.  1793)  extorted  by  Bowes 
she  admits  as  the  first  of  'five  crimes'  (before  her  second  marriage  in  1777), 
*my  unnatural  dislike  to  my  eldest  son'  (John,  loth  Earl  of  Strathmore, 
b.  1769).  The  date  and  subject  of  this  scurrilous  print  suggest  that  it  may 
have  been  commissioned  by  Bowes.   See  Nos.  7012,  7013,  cf.  No.  7083. 

Advertised  by  Holland  at  the  price  of  75.  dd.  Jordan's  Elixir  of  Life,  1789. 
i5|X2iiin. 

334 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES   1786 

7012  ANDREW  ROBINSON  BOWES  ESQR  AS  HE  APPEARED  IN 
THE  COURT  OF  KINGS  BENCH, 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec''  2^  1786,  by  E.  Jacksotiy  Maryhone  Street  Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Bowes,  apparently  very  ill,  is  helped  into  court  by  two  men 
who  hold  him  by  the  arms.  On  the  r.,  above  the  level  of  the  court,  the 
two  judges,  Ashurst  (1.)  and  BuUer  (r.),  look  down  at  him.  Beneath  them 
stands  the  Clerk  of  Arraigns,  in  legal  wig  and  gown,  reading  from  a  large 
document  inscribed  Articles  of  Charges.  The  men  holding  Bowes  wear 
riding-boots  and  long  coats  and  hold  cudgels ;  they  appear  to  be  two  of  the 
Bow  Street  Officers,  McManus  and  others,  who  pursued  Bowes  with  a 
writ  and  brought  him  back  to  London.  Behind  and  on  the  r.  of  Bowes  is 
a  crowd  of  spectators.  The  most  prominent  is  a  lady  with  her  hands  in 
a  muff,  her  breasts  immodestly  exposed,  with  a  maid  or  attendant  who 
holds  her  arm,  evidently  Lady  Strathmore  and  her  maid  Morgan.  See 
No.  7013.  After  the  title  is  etched,  on  Tuesday  the  28^^  Nov^.  1786,  to 
answer  the  Articles  exhibited  against  him^  by  his  Wife,  the  Countess  of 
Strathmore. 

Andrew  Stoney  married  Mary  Eleanor  Bowes,  widow  of  the  9th  Earl 
of  Strathmore,  to  acquire  her  fortune ;  he  treated  her  with  great  barbarity 
and  was  unfaithful.  She  instituted  divorce  proceedings  in  the  ecclesiastical 
courts  and  escaped  from  her  husband,  against  whom  she  exhibited 
Articles  of  the  Peace  in  the  Court  of  King's  Bench,  7  Feb.  1785.  To  stop 
these  proceedings  he  abducted  her  on  10  Nov.  1786,  and  took  her  to 
Darlington.  They  were  pursued,  and  he  was  arrested  on  a  writ  of  attach- 
ment and  brought  back  to  London.  He  feigned  illness  but  was  brought 
into  court  on  28  Nov.  to  answer  his  wife's  charges.  He  was  'dressed  in  a 
drab-coloured  great  coat,  a  red  silk  handkerchief  about  his  head ;  he  was 
supported  by  two  men,  yet  nearly  bent  double  by  weakness  . . .',  London 
Chronicle^  29  Nov.  1786.  See  also  D.N.B.  s.v.  Mary  Eleanor  Bowes; 
J.  Foot,  Lives  of  A.  R.  Bowes  and  the  Countess  of  Strathmore^  1810.  The 
trial  was  on  30  May  1787.  See  Trialy  B.M.L.,  1418,  h.  29.  See  Nos. 
7011,7013. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  83. 
9Xi3iin. 

7013  THE  INJURED  COUNT,,  S .  [?  1786  or  c.  May  1788] 

JSfe(^  [Gillray.] 

Pu¥  by  C.  Morgan,  Holies  Street  Cavendish- Square, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Lady  Strathmore  sits 
drinking  with  her  servants;  she  leans  back  in  her  chair,  a  small  flagon 
(indicating  gin)  in  her  r.  hand,  a  glass  in  her  1. ;  her  breasts  are  bare  and 
are  sucked  by  two  cats.  A  little  boy  (1.)  stands  beside  her  chair  crying; 
he  says,  /  wish  I  was  a  Cat  my  Mama  would  Love  me  then.  A  footman, 
wearing  a  nightcap  and  holding  a  candle,  puts  his  hand  on  her  arm,  saying, 
My  Lady  its  time  to  come  to  Bed.  A  number  of  women-servants  are  seated 
at  a  rectangular  table,  the  most  prominent  being  one  whose  head  and  arms 
have  advanced  from  her  body  and  lean  on  the  table ;  she  holds  out  a  glass 

335 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

to  touch  that  of  Lady  Strathmore;  in  her  r.  hand  is  a  decanter;  on  her  lap 
is  a  paper:  Duty  of  a  Ladies  Maid,  by  M.  Morgan  see  Old  Baly  Chron^'. 
Four  other  servants  drink  in  a  debauched  manner,  one  holds  a  broom, 
another  a  spit.  A  man  (r.)  looks  round  a  folding  screen,  his  hand  raised  in 
surprise.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  man  stands  with  his  hands  on  his  hips, 
spectacles  pushed  up  on  his  forehead ;  he  looks  at  a  map  on  the  wall  of  the 
[Bowe]s  EstatCy  showing  Newcastle  and  Durham^  and  says,  WeUl  have  it 
Farmer  and  nearer.  He  is  either  Stoney  (afterwards  Stoney-Bowes)  or 
some  other  fortune-hunter.  On  the  wall  there  is  also  a  picture,  Messalina. 

For  Lady  Strathmore  and  her  second  husband  Stoney-Bowes,  see 
No.  701 1.  For  her  dislike  of  her  eldest  son,  the  loth  Earl  of  Strathmore, 
see  No.  701 1.  Her  fondness  for  cats  appears  in  a  letter  to  her  from  Bowes 
shortly  before  her  marriage  to  him,  quoted  J.  Foot,  Lives  of  A.  R.  Bowes 
Esq.  and  the  Countess  of  Strathmore^  p.  23.  Mrs.  Morgan  helped  Lady 
Strathmore  to  escape  from  her  husband  in  1785,  ibid.,  p.  115.  In  the  trial 
(May  1788)  between  the  Countess  and  Bowes,  on  the  validity  of  a  deed 
by  which  (under  duress)  she  had  placed  her  estates  under  Bowes 's  control, 
it  was  alleged  by  Bowes's  counsel  that  George  Walker  her  footman  'knew 
her  weir. 

Reproduced,  C.  E.  Jensen,  Karikatur- Albums  Copenhagen,  1906,  i. 
149,  where  Lady  Strathmore  is  identified  as  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  and  the 
scene  as  the  seraglio  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  For  the  signature  cf.  No. 
7146. 

loiXisJin. 


7014  A  SALE  OF  ENGLISH-BEAUTIES,  IN  THE  EAST  INDIES. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  16*^  1786  by  W.  Holland,  N^  50  Oxford  Str* 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions). 
A  ship-load  of  English  courtesans  has  just  arrived  in  Calcutta  and  is  being 
sold  by  a  thin  and  foppish  auctioneer  who  stands  on  the  extreme  1.  on  an 
improvised  rostrum.  The  women  are  being  inspected  by  Englishmen 
and  orientals  whose  appearance  is  more  Turkish  than  Indian.  The  central 
figure  is  a  woman  who  gives  her  r.  hand  to  an  Indian,  at  whom  she  looks 
languishingly,  her  1.  to  a  stout  Englishman,  over  whose  head  a  little  black 
boy  holds  a  tall  umbrella.  Papers  projecting  from  his  pocket  are  inscribed 
Instructions  for  the  Governor  General.  A  stout  oriental  smoking  a  long  pipe 
holds  up  the  petticoats  of  a  woman  in  back  view  who  puts  her  hand  on  the 
shoulder  of  an  elderly  man  wearing  a  jewelled  turban,  turning  aside  from 
a  young  military  officer.  The  middle  distance  is  crowded  with  figures ;  an 
enormously  fat  woman  (r.)  is  being  weighed  in  a  scale  opposite  a  barrel 
inscribed  Lack  of  Rupees  which  she  slightly  outweighs.  On  the  r.  is  the 
side  of  a  high  warehouse  into  the  door  of  which  a  number  of  weeping 
women  are  crowding.  Over  the  door  is  inscribed.  Warehouse  for  unsaleable 
Goods  from  Europe  NS:  To  be  returned  by  the  next  Ship.  Behind  are  the 
masts  of  a  ship  with  furled  sails.  In  the  foreground  is  a  row  of  seven 
casks  all  inscribed  Leake's  Pills 'y  on  them  is  a  box  inscribed  Surgeons 
Instruments.  The  auctioneer  stands  on  a  case  inscribed  British-Manu- 
facture and  decorated  with  crossed  birch-rods.  Beside  it  is  a  smaller 
case  supposed  to  contain  books  and  inscribed  For  the  Amusement  of 

336 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1786 

Military  Gentlemen.  Crazy  Tales;  Pucelle;  BirchinVs  Dance;  Elements 
of  Nature;  Female  Flagellants  Fanny  Hill;  Sopha;  Moral  Tales.  The 
auctioneer's  desk  is  a  bale  placed  on  end  and  inscribed  Mrs.  Phillips 
{the  original  inventor)  Leicester  Field  London.  For  the  use  of  the  Supreme 
Council. 

This  attack  on  the  morals  of  the  English  in  India  is  probably  connected 
with  the  proceedings  against  Hastings.  The  figure  intended  for  the 
Governor- General  has  no  resemblance  to  Cornwallis  (who  left  England 
at  the  beginning  of  May  1786  and  did  not  reach  Calcutta  till  September). 
For  Mrs.  Phillips  cf.  No.  5 171  and  n.  The  auctioneer  is  perhaps  intended 
for  Christie,  and  has  a  certain  resemblance  to  No.  6101. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  81-2. 

i5jX2of  in. 


7014a  a  sale  of  ENGLISH-BEAUTIES  IN  THE  EAST  INDIES. 

74 

A  reduced  copy  (coloured  impression)  by  Rowlandson.  Conjecturally 
dated  18 10  by  Grego.  Only  the  first,  second,  and  fourth  book-titles  are 
given;  ^saleable'  is  saliable. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  ii.  pp.  197-8. 

*  Caricatures',  ix.  40,  and  x.  184. 
8|xi3iin. 


7015   BRITISH   LIBERTY  EXEMPLIFIED    IN   THE   CASE   OF 
MAJOR  SCOT, 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  by  S  W  Fores  October  the  20  iy86  at  the  caricature  Warehouse 
«o  J  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  bedroom  with  a  large 
four-post  bed  (r.).  An  emaciated  man  in  nightcap,  shirt,  and  breeches  sits 
on  the  edge  of  the  bed ;  a  bailiff  (1.)  seizes  him  by  the  r.  shoulder  threatening 
him  with  his  bludgeon ;  another  holds  him  by  the  r.  wrist.  A  well-dressed 
man  (r.)  stands  beside  the  sick  man  expostulating  with  the  second  bailiff. 
In  the  doorway  (1.)  stands  the  doctor  holding  his  hat  and  cane,  angrily 
addressing  a  third  bailiff  who  stands  with  his  arms  folded,  his  bludgeon 
under  his  arm,  saying.  Damn  his  life  his  body  I  toant.  On  the  extreme  1.  is 
the  corner  of  a  draped  dressing-table  covered  with  medicine  phials. 
After  the  title  is  etched :  who  altho'  at  the  point  of  death  was  dragged  from 
his  bed^  by  the  inhumanity  of  the  Bailiffs^  and  expired  in  their  arms. 

On  25  Aug.  1786  Major  Scott,  Lt.-Governor  of  St.  Helena,  who  had 
recently  returned  to  England  for  his  health,  was  arrested  by  two  Sheriffs' 
officers  at  the  Carleton  Coffee  House,  Pall  Mall,  for  ^£2,800.  Notwith- 
standing the  offers  of  the  proprietor  to  accommodate  bailiffs  and  the 
expostulations  of  the  doctor,  they  insisted  on  taking  the  debtor  to  a 
sponging-house,  but  he  died  while  putting  on  his  clothes.  Lond.  Chron. 
29  Aug.  1786. 

8|Xi3in. 

337  2 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7016  A  NEW  COAT  OF  ARMS,  GRANTED  TO  THE  H**DS  OF 
THE  U********Y  OF  C*******E,  SINCE  THEIR  LATE  EDICT 
AGAINST  DINNERS. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Febv  21^  iy86.  by  H:  Humphrey  N""  5 J 
New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  A  coat  of  arms  for  Cambridge  University,  a  description  being 
engraved  beneath  the  title :  Arms  Quarterly ^  first  Azure^  a  Mitre  and  Fools 
Cap  transverse  waySj  second,  Sable,  an  Inn  shut  up,  Third,  Gules,  Caput 
Universale,  on  an  Asses  head,  proper,  fourth.  Argent,  A  Book  entitled Excerpta 
e  statutis,  Supporters,  Two  Cooks  weeping.  Crest,  A  Hand  holding  a  Roll  of 
Paper,  Motto,  Impransi,  Juvenes  Disquirite 

The  inn  of  the  second  quarter  has  a  large  sign  representing  some 
animal  and  inscribed  W:  Gurford.  Over  the  door  is  To  Lett,  while  the 
words  Licensed  and  Post  Horses  are  scored  through.  The  ass's  head 
represents  the  Caput,  different  parts  of  the  animal  and  its  bridle  being 
inscribed  Divinitas,  Jus  civile,  Medicina,  Non  Regent  and  Sen  Regent, 
representing  the  five  members  of  the  Caput  under  the  Vice- Chancellor, 
three  being  professors  of  Divinity,  Law,  and  Physic,  the  other  two  the 
senior  members  of  the  two  houses  composing  the  Senate:  the  Non- Regent 
House  and  the  Regent  House,  the  latter  being  M.A.s  under  five  years' 
standing.  C.  Wordsworth,  Social  Life  in  the  English  Universities  in  the 
Eighteenth  Century,  1874,  p.  38.  (For  members  of  the  Caput  for  1786 
see  Royal  Kalendar,  1786,  p.  211.)  The  Excerpta  e  Statutis  .  .  ad  officia 
Scholarium  pertinentia  has  been  issued  frequently  since  17 14.  Ibid., 
p.  66.  On  its  open  pages  are  (1.):  Moveable  Feasts  \  Ann^  of  Eton  Club  \ 
Anny  of  True  Blue  |  S^  David's  Day  \  Scholars  Clubs,  and  (r.) :  Immoveable 
Feasts  \  Trinity  Sunday  \  Johnny  Port  \  Latin  \  Founders  Days  |  Masters 
Clubs  I  THE  FAMILY.  The  dexter  weeping  cook  holds  a  saucepan 
upside  down,  the  sinister  cook  holds  a  gridiron.  The  roll  of  paper  in  the 
crest  is  inscribed  Capitate  judicium.  See  No.  7017. 
I2ix8|in. 

7017  [THE  PETITIONING  CANTABS''] 

[PBearblocL] 

Published  13^^  March  iy86  By  S.  Watts  N^  50  Strand 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Four  undergraduates  (1.)  wearing  the 
gowns  of  fellow  commoners  deferentially  approach  a  fat  parson  (r.)  seated 
at  a  table  covered  with  food.  Behind  his  chair  stands  Henry  Gordon, 
butler  of  Trinity  College,  as  in  No.  5893,  holding  his  wand  of  office  and 
looking  sourly  at  the  petitioners.  He  has  an  erect  tail,  emblem  of  a  diabolical 
disposition.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  glass  on  a  salver.  All  the  petitioners  are 
emaciated  and  melancholy;  the  foremost,  cap  in  hand,  bends  forward, 
saying.  Behold!  Sir  your  half  starvd  Petitioners.  The  next  man  says, 
/  can  make  a  Norfolk  Dumpling!  Thanks  be  to  Miss  Diana  Young  for  her 
instruction!  The  third,  his  hand  on  his  breast,  says.  Allow  us  but  a  Mutton- 
Chop.  The  man  farthest  1.,  whose  head  and  shoulders  only  are  visible,  says, 
And  your  Petitioners  shall  ever  pray.  The  parson,  holding  his  knife  and 
fork,  looks  up  from  his  plate  to  answer.  No!  Eating  and  drinking  cloud  y* 
understanding  you  shall  have  none.  A  sirloin,  a  fish,  a  bird,  Sec,  are  on  the 
'  Written  in  an  old  hand. 

338 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  I786 

table.  On  a  side-table  are  a  decanter,  a  large  tankard,  and  glasses.  Through 
a  sash-window  is  seen  the  gate  of  Trinity  College. 

The  print  is  explained  by  a  squib,  *  Advertisement  Extraordinary*, 
dated  Trin.  Coll.  Cambridgey  March  13,  1786^  reprinted  Asylum  for 
Fugitive  PieceSy  ii,  pp.  203-4:  'Whereas  a  grace  for  preventing  entertain- 
ments in  private  rooms  . .  .  has  been  put  in  execution  with  such  strictness 
. . .  Miss  Diana  Young  [  .^  a  courtesan]  .  .  .  intends  ...  to  give  a  short  course 
of  lectures  in  Mrs.  Glass's  Cookery  .  .  .'  She  understands  the  gentlemen 
of  Trinity  College  suffer  the  greatest  inconvenience.  Having  practised  her 
profession  in  one  of  the  first  families  in  Norfolk,  she  will  begin  with  a  lecture 
on  the  'Norfolk  Dumplin*.  The  parson  is  identified  as  James  Backhouse, 
the  Dean.  He  was  A.B.  1739,  A.M.  1741,  and  S.T.B.  1761.  See  No.  7016. 
6|  Xiof  in. 

7018  THE  COCK  OF  THE  ROCK. 

Published  May  24^  iy86  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  WareHouse 
N"  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  H.L.  caricature 
in  outline  of  General  George  Augustus  Eliott  (Baron  Heathfield  1787),  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  his  cocked  hat  concealing  his  eye.  He  wears  regimentals 
with  the  Star  of  the  Bath  (given  1782  for  his  defence  of  Gibraltar,  see 
Nos.  6035-7). 

3|X3J-in. 

7019  MARIA  COSTIVE.  AT  HER  STUDIES. 

London   Pu¥  April  2g  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  N  14  Marylebone  St: 
Golden  Sq\ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  7020.  Maria  Cosway  seated  on  a  low  stool  in  a  bare  room  with  a 
barred  window,  probably  a  cell  in  Bedlam.  Straw  decorates  her  wide- 
brimmed  hat,  and  she  screams  in  a  mad  frenzy.  In  her  hands,  which  are 
curiously  posed  in  her  lap,  she  holds  a  palette  and  brushes.  On  an  easel 
beside  her  is  a  painting  of  a  man's  head  inscribed  Samson.  A  canvas 
leaning  against  it  is  inscribed  Deluge.  Other  paintings  are  pinned  to  the 
wall :  a  figure  of  Eolus,  a  nude  woman,  inscribed  Muse  (or  Music),  and  the 
title  Giants  of  Ossian  below  a  picture  cut  off  by  the  upper  margin.  On 
the  ground  at  her  feet  is  a  bowl  standing  on  a  print  inscribed  Dicky 
Caus[way].  See  No.  7020. 

A  burlesque  of  a  stipple  engraving  by  Bartolozzi  after  Cosway  of 
Mrs.  Cosway  dressed  in  the  manner  of  a  Rubens  portrait,  and  wearing 
a  feathered  hat.  Her  hands  are  folded  in  her  lap,  and  there  is  a  background 
of  foliage  and  a  carved  block  of  stone.  Beside  her  is  a  book.  (The  figure 
is  imitated  from  the  central  figure  of  a  private  plate  by  herself,  a  horizontal 
composition,  inscribed  Rubens  inven\  'Honorary  Engravers',  ii.  No.  193.) 
Published  29  Jan.  1786  by  G.  Bartolozzi  &  to  bi  had  at  M^  Torres  Hay- 
market  28  (No.  34  in  F.  B.  Daniell's  Catalogue  Raisonne).  For  the  title  cf. 
No.  6964. 
7fX5i. 

339 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7020  DICKY  CAUSWAY. 

Ipse  pinx^      Tipsy  sculp* 
In  Plain  English. 

Pu¥  J*'  May.  iy86.  by  E.  Jacksony  Mary-le-hone  Street  Golden  Sq\ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Cosway  as  a  ragged 
beggar  or  street-seller  sits  in  a  crouching  attitude  on  a  stone  step,  a  stone 
wall  behind  him  and  a  stone  building  or  high  wall  on  his  r.  A  tobacco 
pipe  is  thrust  through  his  hat.  Beside  him  are  two  bundles  of  matches  and 
two  ballads :  Life  of  Wittington  and  New  Song.  His  arms  are  folded  in  his 
cloak  and  his  face  is  contorted. 

A  caricature  of  a  self-portrait  of  Cosway  engraved  in  stipple  by 
Bova,  Published  .  .  .  March  20*^  iy86  by  M^°  Bova  &  E.  Diemar  N°  114 
Strand  (No.  31  in  F.  B.  Daniell's  Catalogue  Raisonne).  He  is  seated  on 
a  low  stone  seat  or  step  beside  a  column,  dressed  as  a  seventeenth- 
century  cavalier,  wearing  a  cloak  and  feathered  hat;  the  magnificence  of 
background,  dress,  and  pose  are  travestied  by  the  squalor  of  the  caricature. 
A  book.  Vita  Di  Rubens,  takes  the  place  of  the  matches  and  ballads.  The 
title  is  also  satirized:  R'^^  Cosway  Armig^  R.A.  /  Primarius  Pictor  Sere- 
nissimi  Walliae  Principis.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7019. 
7fX5in. 

7021  SIR  HARRY  HARMLESS. 

London  Publishd  by  W.  Maynard  N°  i  S*  Mantins  Court,  Au^  3.  iy86 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  walks  r.  to  1.  holding  a  small 
tasselled  cane  in  both  hands.  His  foppish  dress  is  partly  feminine  in  the 
projecting  mass  of  gauze  beneath  his  chin  simulating  an  extravagantly 
developed  bust,  cf.  Nos.  7099,  7249,  &c.  He  is  very  slim,  and  leans 
slightly  backwards  from  the  waist.  He  wears  a  hat  with  an  enormous 
circular  brim;  from  his  wig  three  locks  of  hair  tied  with  ribbons  hang  well 
below  his  waist.  His  coat  has  an  extravagantly  high  collar  and  ornamental 
buttons  and  is  cut  away  from  the  waist  in  a  sloping  line  forming  narrow 
coat-tails  at  the  back,  the  sparrow-tail  coat  which  became  fashionable  in 
1786,  cf.  No.  6855.  His  stockings  are  striped;  on  one  shoe  is  a  buckle,  on 
the  other  a  rosette. 

Identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  Sir  John  Ramsden.  With  the  print  is  a 
cutting  from  the  Morning  Herald,  15  July  1786:  *It  is  now  the  ton  to  be 
lame,  which  gives  the  insects  [see  No.  6718]  of  the  day  an  opportunity  of 
displaying  the  oval  buckle  on  one  foot,  and  the  Parisian  shoe-tye  on  the 
other.'  Ramsden  (1755-1839),  4th  Bart.,  of  Byrom  and  Longley  Hall, 
Yorks.,  owned  large  estates  in  Yorkshire. 
7ix6Jin. 

7022  [DR.  JOHN  BROWN.] 

KF   [Kay.]  iy86 

Engraving.  Brown,  very  obese,  wearing  a  cocked  hat,  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.  Before  him,  planted  in  the  turf,  is  a  pole  on  which  stands  a  bird 
looking  down  at  him;  this  is  the  insignia  of  the  'Lodge  of  the  Roman 

340 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  I786 

Eagle*,  an  Edinburgh  Freemasons*  lodge  founded  by  himself  (cf.  No. 
6693). 

In  the  background  is  a  group  of  persons  in  a  room :  four  are  drinking 
at  a  table  on  which  are  a  punch-bowl  and  glasses,  the  most  prominent 
being  Brown  in  an  armchair  in  profile  to  the  1.;  under  his  chair  is  a 
number  of  bottles.  The  man  on  his  r.  plays  the  fiddle  and  is  Lord  Bellen- 
den,  heir  to  the  Duke  of  Roxburghe ;  the  other  two  are  Little  of  Libberton 
and  John  Lamont,  surgeon.  Behind,  two  men  stand  in  conversation: 
Dr.  William  Cullen  and  Dr.  Alexander  Hamilton,  Professor  of  Mid- 
wifery in  Edinburgh.  Behind  on  the  1.  stands  Dr.  James  Graham,  see 
No.  6843,  &c. 

Brown  (1735-88),  the  brilliant  son  of  a  day-labourer,  was  the  founder 
of  the  Brunonian  system  of  medicine  (now,  after  heated  and  prolonged 
controversy,  absorbed  into  general  medical  practice),  which  was  opposed 
to  the  prevailing  methods  of  blood-letting  and  purging.  From  1778  to  1786, 
when  he  went  to  London,  he  was  ostracized  by  the  doctors  and  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh,  having  quarrelled  with  Cullen  who  had  been  his 
patron.  D.N.B. 

There  is  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Brown  by  Kay  (1791)  whose  inscription 
(Hercule!  Opium  miniine  sedat)  refers  to  his  habit  of  taking  forty  or  fifty 
drops  of  laudanum  in  whisky  while  lecturing,  under  the  influence  of 
which  he  became  excited.  (Collection  No.  141.  Kay,  No.  XXVIL) 

Collection,  No.  73.    Kay,  No.  XXVI. 

2|XiJin. 


7023  [CAMPBELL'S  CONCERT.] 

K.fed[Kzy.]  iy86 

Engraving.  John  Campbell,  the  precentor  of  the  Canongate  Church  (see 
No.  5894),  stands  full-face,  singing  loudly  from  a  paper  which  he  holds, 
surrounded  by  others  making  discordant  music,  while  three  asses  bray 
and  a  dog  howls.  His  brother,  Alexander  Campbell  (1.),  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  turning  the  handle  of  an  organ  which  is  strapped  to  his  back. 
Facing  him  (r.)  is  Baillie  Duff  (see  No.  6689)  playing  the  Highland  bag- 
pipe. Behind  the  precentor  the  city  fish-horn  blower  (employed  by  the 
fishmongers  to  announce  with  his  horn  that  fish  were  in  the  market) 
blows  his  horn,  and  a  blind  Irish  piper.  Meek,  plays  his  pipes.  In  the 
background  (r.)  a  man  standing  in  a  saw-pit  sharpens  his  saw.  The  bodies 
of  the  asses  are  cut  off  by  the  1.  and  r.  margins  of  the  print.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched : 

Let  Puppy  ^s  bark  and  Asses  brayy 
Each  Dog  and  Cur  will  have  his  day^ 

The  print  was  etched  in  retaliation  for  a  caricature  of  Kay  by  Alexander 
Campbell  (see  D.N.B.)  in  revenge  for  a  portrait  by  Kay  of  his  brother, 
John  Campbell.  In  this  Kay  was  dragged  by  the  ear  by  John  Dow  (see 
No.  6689,  &c.)  to  the  Town  Guard,  and  was  kicked  behind  by  Baillie 
Duff.   Title  in  Kay:  A  Medley  of  Musicians. 

Collection,  No.  15.   Kay,  No.  CCIV. 

3AX4iin. 

341 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7024  A  WHIM— OR  A  VISIT  TO  THE  MUD  BRIDGE 

Kay  fecit  iy86 

Engraving  with  aquatint.  An  open  carriage  or  landau,  crowded  with 
ladies,  is  drawn  (1.  to  r.)  by  six  men;  a  servant  seated  on  the  shoulders  of 
the  foremost  acts  as  postilion.  In  front  walks  a  man  holding  a  quaigh  or 
covered  cup  by  one  of  its  small  legs;  against  his  shoulder  he  holds  a 
tartan  flag.  A  man  stands  at  the  back  of  the  carriage  in  the  place  of  a 
footman,  pointing  with  his  1.  forefinger  and  saying.  Whip  hardy  Geordie. 
The  driver,  who  holds  reins  attached  to  the  noses  of  the  wheelers,  answers, 
Dam  it^  I'll  not  spare  them  Willie ;  he  flicks  his  whip  over  the  heads  of  his 
team.  The  carriage  is  on  a  causeway  of  earth  with  a  flat  surface  and 
rectangular  side  in  which  there  is  a  culvert  (1.).  Behind  the  carriage  (1.)  is 
a  board  or  a  post :  a  hand  points  to  B^  Bridge. 

Some  promoters  of  the  Burgh  Reform  Committee  residing  near  the 
Lawnmarket  agitated  for  improved  communication  with  Princes  Street. 
Their  politics  having  made  them  obnoxious  to  the  Town  Council,  they 
opened  a  subscription  at  'Dunn's  Hotel',  a  small  public-house,  not  the 
well-known  hotel  of  that  name ;  the  Mound  or  'Mud  Brig'  was  soon  formed, 
owing  to  the  support  of  the  Provost,  without  drawing  on  much  of  the 
subscription-money.  The  committee  resolved  to  spend  the  balance  on 
a  dinner  at  'Dunn's  Hotel',  their  wives  and  sweethearts  to  take  the  first 
drive  along  the  ridge  in  a  hired  coach-and-six,  preceded  by  the  patriotic 
band.  Their  treasurer  absconded  and  the  pageant  was  prevented.  The 
figure  with  the  flag  is  BaiUie  Duff^,  see  No.  6689.  The  six  horses  and 
postilions  are  Edinburgh  tradesmen  (named  by  Paton);  the  driver  is 
George  Boyd,  a  clothier,  who  took  a  leading  part  in  the  scheme;  the  foot- 
man is  one  William  Yetts.  The  ladies  are  also  identified  by  Paton,  the 
most  prominent  being  the  stout  and  flamboyant  Sibby  Hutton,  see  No.  7025. 

Collection,  No.  70.  Kay,  No.  CLXXIII. 
5fX7iiin. 

7025  [ROBERT  JOHNSTON  AND  SIBILLA  HUTTON] 

K,  Fee'  1786 

Engraving.  A  man  (r.)  and  woman  (1.)  stand  facing  each  other  in  profile. 
The  man  is  stout,  the  lady  excessively  so.  She  wears  an  enormously  wide- 
brimmed  hat,  the  brim  surrounded  by  a  curtain-like  frill  of  lace. 

They  are  depicted  together  as  the  two  most  corpulent  shopkeepers  in 
Edinburgh,  both  having  their  shops  in  the  Royal  Exchange.  Miss  Hutton, 
daughter  of  a  Secession  minister,  was  the  leading  milliner,  noted  for  the 
extravagance  of  her  dress,  see  No.  7024. 

Collection,  No.  67.  Kay,  No.  CLVIII. 
3fX2iin. 

7026  BUCKS  HAVE  AT  YOU  ALL  OR  WHO'S  AFRAID. 

Kay  fecit  iy86 

Engraving.  Four  oval  bust  portraits  arranged  in  two  pairs  on  a  shaded 
background.  Above  (1.)  is  Eiston,  a  young  man  in  profile  on  the  r.  wearing 
a  cocked  hat,  a  leading  macaroni  among  students  at  Edinburgh  University, 

^  Get  on  in  Kay. 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  I786 

afterwards  an  army  surgeon.  Facing  him  is  Hieronyno  Stabilini,  a 
violinist,  d.  Edinburgh  1815,  aged  54.  Below,  the  Laird  of  McNab  faces 
Captain  McKenzie  of  Redcastle.  McKenzie  had  been  found  guilty  of 
murder  for  ordering,  when  in  command  of  a  small  post  in  Africa  (1782),  a 
mutinous  deserter  to  be  blown  from  the  muzzle  of  a  gun,  but  was  pardoned. 
He  was  indignant  to  find  his  portrait  in  a  shopwindow,  classed  with 
'fiddlers  and  madmen*.  Francis  McNab  of  McNab  was  an  eccentric, 
proud  of  being  a  Highland  chief.   See  Kay,  i.  pp.  9-10. 

Collection,  No.  76.   Kay,  CXX. 
4iX44in. 

7027  THE  SAPIENT  SEPTEMVIRI 

K  [Kay]  fecit  1786  [after  Ross]. 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  seven  professors  of  King's  College,  Aberdeen ; 
they  are  addressed  by  a  preacher  who  stands  in  a  box-like  pulpit  on  the 
extreme  1.,  holding  an  open  book  inscribed  Return  Good  for  Evil.  The 
figures  have  numbers  referring  to  their  words,  &c.,  engraved  beneath 
the  design. 

The  preacher  is  J,  The  Beauty  of  Holiness,  Lecturing.  He  is  Dr.  Skene 
Ogilvy,  senior  minister  of  Old  Aberdeen,  noted  for  eloquence,  humour, 
and  unconventionality.  He  was  very  ugly,  hence  his  nickname.  The  seven 
professors,  wearing  gowns,  stand  in  a  row  on  a  pavement  of  black  and 
white  squares ;  the  central  one  wears  a  papal  crown  surmounted  by  a  cross ; 
he  is  5,  saying  with  a  scowl,  Agriculture  is  the  Noblest  of  Sciences,  mind 
your  Glebes,  the  Emperor  of  China  is  a  Farmer.  He  is  Dr.  John  Chalmers, 
Principal  of  King's  College  (d.  1800),  who  devoted  himself  to  agricultural 
pursuits.  The  others  (1.  to  r.) :  8,  with  the  body  of  a  skeleton,  holds  a  scythe, 
but  turns  a  cheerful  profile  to  the  r.,  saying,  Degrees  Male  and  Female  in 
Medicine  and  Midwifery,  sold  here  for  ready  money.  He  is  Dr.  William 
Chalmers,  Professor  of  Medicine.  Next  is  7,  saying  to  the  Principal, 
Colledge  property.  Patronages  are  unalienable,  so  says  the  Law,  the  Noble 
Patron  has  rewarded  most  justly  your  Rapacity.  He  is  Dr.  William  Thorn, 
Professor  of  Civil  Law  (d.  1795)  who  was  enraged  by  the  alienation  of 
patronages,  and  declared  that  the  Earl  of  Fife,  by  giving  so  little  for  them, 
had  justly  rewarded  rapacity.  Next,  and  on  the  Principal's  r.,  is  6,  saying 
to  him.  Has  not  the  Effulgence  of  my  Countenance  been  a  light  unto  your 
feet,  and  a  lamp  unto  your  Paths.  He  is  the  learned  Thomas  Gordon 
(d.  1797,  called  'Humorist  Gordon',  Professor  of  Philosophy,  aged  83). 
On  the  Principal's  1.  is  4,  saying,  /  have  rendered  Vernacular  the  Greek 
Language  from  Aberdour  to  Aberdeen.  He  is  John  Leslie  (d.  1790  aged  69), 
Professor  of  Greek,  reputed  to  have  made  the  remark  quoted.  Next  is  j, 
wearing  a  bonnet  and  Highland  dress  under  his  gown,  and  holding  a  long 
Lochaber  axe.  He  says.  Annually  for  4$  years  and  upwards  have  I  beat  up, 
even  to  the  Ultima  Thule  have  I  recruited  our  University.  He  is  Roderick 
McLeod,  Sub-Principal  since  1764,  whose  tours  in  the  north  of  Scotland 
to  recruit  for  King's  College  were  famous.  He  succeeded  Chalmers  as 
Principal  and  died  181 5  aged  87.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  jovial  man  wearing 
a  mitre,  in  which  is  a  pen.  He  is  2,  saying,  Had  you  not  sold  your  Patronages, 
First  Minister  might  have  been  annexed  to  my  Divine  Chair  of  Verity  and 
taste.  He  is  Alexander  Gerard,  D.D.  (1728-93),  Professor  of  Divinity, 
author  of  works  on  taste  (1759)  and  genius  (1774),  see  D.N.B. 

343 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

In  order  to  increase  the  scanty  revenue  of  King's  College,  *  superiorities 
and  Church  Patronages'  had  been  sold  for  ^£3,000  to  the  Earl  of  Fife,  who 
thus  acquired  the  patronage  of  about  fifteen  parishes.  The  professors  are 
here  probably  caricatured  for  their  opposition  to  a  scheme  (1786)  for  the 
union  of  King's  and  Marischal  Colleges  (effected  in  i860).  Ross,  who  sent 
this  sketch  to  Kay,  was  a  native  of  Aberdeen  and  a  former  student  of 
medicine;  he  lost  a  post  as  surgeon  to  the  Navy  for  caricaturing  the 
officers. 

Collection,  No.  72.   Kay,  No.  XXXV. 
3JX7iin. 


7028  DR  JOHNSON    IN   HIS   TRAVELLING    DRESS   AS    DE- 
SCRIBED IN  BOSWELLS  TOUR. 

Drawn  from  the  Life,  and  Engraved  by  T  Trotter, 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Jany  18*^  iy86  by  Geo.  Kearsley  A^"  46 

s    d 
Fleet  Street  Price  i .  6 

Engraving.  W.L.  portrait  of  Johnson  (not  caricatured)  walking  (1.  to  r.) 
in  a  mountainous  landscape.  He  walks  with  a  tall  stick ;  his  1.  hand  is  held 
up  as  if  declaiming.  Behind  and  below  him  walks  Boswell,  a  minute 
figure.  In  the  middle  distance  (r.)  is  a  thatched  cottage  and  a  man  on 
horseback  leading  a  saddle-horse.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  is  a  thistle. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved: 

The  Z)«  reply  to  M"  B on  the  loss  of  his  Oak  Stick  in  the  Hebrides. 

*  Wo,  nOy  my  Friendy  it  is  not  to  be  expected  that  any  Man  in  Mull  who  has 
got  it  will  part  with  it.  Consider y  Siry  the  value  of  such  a  piece  of  Timber 
Here! 

One  of  many  prints  on  Boswell 's  Tour  to  the  Hebrides y  the  first  edition 
published  Oct.  1785.   See  Nos.  7029-52. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  CI.  A  copy  by  C.  J.  Smith  was  published  by 
John  Murray  in  1836. 
10x7  in. 

7029  A  TOUR  TO  THE  HEBRIDES. 

My  Friend  delin*  I,  fecit. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  7030.  Johnson,  as  a  bear  with  a  human  head  (a  profile  portrait),  walks 
(1.  to  r.)  up  a  mountain.  Boswell  as  an  ape  with  a  quasi-human  head  is 
seated  on  the  bear's  back  facing  the  tail,  which  he  holds  up,  beckoning 
with  his  r.  hand  to  two  bare-legged  men  in  Highland  dress  who  are  climb- 
ing up  the  mountain  behind  Johnson.  In  the  foreground  are  thistles. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  Bossy  Bounce  preparing  for  the  Scotch  Professors 
to  Kiss. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Boswell 's  Tour  to  the  Hebrides.  Cf.  Peter  Pindar, 
*Thou  jackall,  leading  lyon  Johnson  forth'.   See  No.  7028,  &c. 
6iX9Jin. 

344 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  I786 

7030  A  TOM  TIT  TWITTERING  ON  AN  EAGLE'S  BACK— SIDE. 
My  Friend  delin*  I.  fecit 
Published  ig^^  April  iy86  by  S.  W,  ForeSy  at  the  Caricature  Ware- 

houscy  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7029.  Johnson  (1.)  climbs  up  a 
mountain  on  hands  and  knees,  his  oak  stick  in  his  1.  hand.  Boswell  follows, 
also  on  hands  and  knees;  he  licks  Johnson's  posteriors,  saying,  /  shall 
record  this.  Johnson  says,  Come  Bossy.  Behind  and  below  them  a  loch  and 
mountain  (r.)  are  indicated.   In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  huge  thistle. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Boswell's  Tour  to  the  Hebrides^  see  No.  7028,  &c. 
5i|X9iin. 

7031-7050 

A  set  of  twenty  plates  by  Rowlandson  after  S.  Collings,  published  in  two 
parts,  entitled  Picturesque  Beauties  of  Boswell,  \  Part  the  first  \  [and  Part  the 
Second^  Designed  and  Etched  by  two  Capital  Artists.  \  Price  Ten  Shillings 
and  Six-Pence.  \  of  the  following  subjects.  \ 

Two  printed  advertisements,^  giving  explanatory  titles  to  the  plates  of 
each  part,  are  pasted  in  the  Print  Room  copy.  Each  is  followed  by : 

"To  any  serious  criticism  or  ludicrous  banter  to  which  my  Journal  may  be 
liable y  I  shall  \  ^^ never  object;  but  receive  both  the  one  and  the  other  with 
perfect  good  humour. ^^ 

Vide  Boswell's  Letter  in  the  Public  Advertiser,  of  i&^  March,  iy86. 
Published  in  May,  iy86,  by  E.  Jackson,  No.  14,  Mary-le-Bone- Street, 
Golden  Square,  and  G.  Kearsley,  Fleet-Street.  [This  imprint  appears  on 
Part  I  only.] 

7031  [i]  FRONTISPIECE 

All  hailDalblair!  hail  to  thee  Laird  of  Auchinleck!  Vide  Journal  p.  38.^ 

Pu¥  15  May  iy86  by  E  Jackson  N"  14  Mary  bone  Street,  Golden 
Square. 

Engraving,  described  in  the  advertisement  as  *  General  Paoli,  D^  Johnson, 
and  the  Journalist  practising  his  celebrated  Imitations'.  Johnson  and  Paoli 
drag  Boswell  (r.  to  1.)  in  a  roughly  constructed  child's  go-cart.  Boswell 
sits  jauntily,  kept  in  place  by  a  stick  across  his  seat ;  from  his  mouth  issues 
a  blast  inscribed  Moo  o  oh.  He  wears  ordinary  English  dress  with  a 
barrister's  wig  and  bands  and  a  Scots  cap  decorated  by  two  bells ;  behind 
his  ear  is  a  pen,  an  ink-bottle  is  fastened  to  his  coat,  in  his  r.  hand  is  a 
rattle,  in  the  1.  a  book  inscribed  Ogden.  Round  his  neck  is  a  portrait- 
medallion  inscribed  Bruce.  From  each  side  of  the  cart  projects  a  bulky 
book:  Corsica  and  Journal  to  the  Hebri[des].  On  the  near  side  of  the  cart 
is  the  monogram  JB  surmounted  by  a  fool's  cap. 

One  of  twenty  prints  on  Boswell's  Tour  to  the  Hebrides.  The  medallion 
illustrates  the  note  to  The  Tour  (15  Aug.)  boasting  of  the  *blood  of  Bruce\ 
see  No.  7032.  Boswell's  association  with  Paoli  and  Corsica  is  stressed  in 
the  dedication  to  Malone.  He  took  with  him  Ogden 's  Sermons  on  Prayer^ 

*  Or  original  wrappers.  ^  The  page-reference  appears  to  be  irrelevant. 

345 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  the  book  is  frequently  mentioned.  The  monogram  is  taken  from  that 
on  the  title-page  of  the  ist  edition  [i  Oct.  1785]  where  it  is  surmounted 
by  Boswell's  crest  and  motto.  For  Boswell's  imitation  of  a  cow  at  Drury 
Lane  see  No.  7050.  In  all  the  plates  Johnson  has  a  heavy  but  not  undigni- 
fied melancholy,  Boswell  shows  jaunty  vulgarity  or  unmanly  alarm. 

The  original  drawing  is  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  (Dyce 
Coll.,  No.  754). 

Grego,  Rowlandsotiy  i.  193. 
7iiXioin. 

7032  [2]  THE  JOURNALIST. 

WITH  A  VIEW  OF  AUCHINLECK— OR  THE  LAND  OF  STONES. 

Published  May  25^*  iy86.  by  E.  Jackson  A^"  14  Marylebone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Boswell  stands  on  the  stony  shore  of  a  loch ;  on  the  r.  is  a  small 
stone  hut;  in  the  background  are  rocky  mountains.  He  stands  with  legs 
astride,  holding  out  a  roll  of  paper  inscribed  Journal',  his  1.  hand  is  on  his 
hip,  and  tied  to  his  arm  in  the  guise  of  a  shield  or  target  is  a  large  bundle 
of  manuscripts :  Materials  for  the  Life  of  Sarn^  Johnson  L.L.D.  He  is  dressed 
as  in  No.  703 1  with  the  addition  of  a  tartan  plaid ;  a  feather  takes  the  place 
of  the  bells  in  his  cap.  From  his  pocket  protrudes  Ogden  on  Prayer  (see 
No.  703 1 ).  His  plaid  and  wig  are  blown  by  the  wind  and  he  glares  defiantly 
to  the  r.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

**/  am,  I  flatter  myself  compleatly  a  Citizen  of  the  World — In  my  Travels y 
through  Hollandy  Germany ,  Switzerlandy  Italy  y  Corsicay  France y  I  never  felt 
myself  from  home;  and  I  sincerely  love  ''every  kindred  and  tongue  and  people 
and  nation" P.  ii. 

My  great  grandfather  the  Husband  of  Countess  Veronica,  was  Alexander 
Earl  of  Kincardine. — From  him  the  blood  of  Bruce  flows  in  my  Veins,  of  such 
Ancestry  who  would  not  be  proud? — &  glad  to  seize  a  fair  opportunity  to  let 
it  be  known? 

Vide  Journal  P.  16 

The  first  quotation  is  accurate,  the  second,  from  a  footnote,  omits  two 
phrases  which  somewhat  modify  the  boastfulness  of  the  passage.  At  the 
end  of  the  first  edition  of  the  Tour  was  a  paragraph  headed  *  Preparing  for 
the  Press  .  .  .  The  Life  of  Samuel  Johnson  LL.D.  By  James  Boswell  Esq.* 
and  beginning,  *M'"  Boswell  has  been  collecting  materials  for  this  work  for 
more  than  twenty  years  . .  .*.  For  'the  blood  of  Bruce'  cf.  Nos.  7031,  7037. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  193.   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cii. 
7JX10  in. 

7033  [3]  THE  EMBRACE. 

Published  May  25^*  iy86.  by  E.  Jackson  N''  14  Mary-le-bone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Johnson  (r.)  and  Boswell  (1.)  embrace;  Boswell,  his  face  hidden 
behind  that  of  Johnson,  holds  up  his  hat  as  if  in  triumph.  Johnson,  wearing 
hat  and  boots,  holds  his  oak  stick ;  his  eyes  are  closed ;  a  large  book  pro- 

346 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1786 

tnides  from  his  coat-pocket.  The  post-boy  (1.)  stands  warming  his  back 
at  the  fire  watching  the  embrace.  A  bare-legged  man  (r.),  scratching  his 
tousled  head,  holds  out  a  bowl  to  Boswell.    Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

"Ow  Saturday  the  14^^  of  August  lyys  late  in  the  Evening  I  received  a 
Note  from  him  that  he  was  arrived  at  Boyd*s  Inn  at  the  head  of  the  Cannon- 
gatey  I  went  to  him  directly.  He  embraced  me  cordially ^  and  I  exulted  in  the 
thought  that  I  now  had  him  actually  in  Caledonia." 

Vide  Journal  p.  12. 

The  quotation  is  correct,  punctuation  excepted. 
Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  193-4. 

7|X9Hin. 

7034  [4]  WALKING  UP  THE  HIGH  STREET. 

Published  May.  25'*  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  AT"  14  Mary-le-bone  Street, 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Johnson  and  Boswell  walk  diagonally  from  the  r.  towards  the 
spectator.  Boswell  (r.)  walks  jauntily,  holding  out  a  three-cornered  hat 
and  looking  up  at  Johnson.  Johnson  holds  his  oak  stick,  and  looks  down 
at  Boswell,  putting  his  finger  to  his  nose.  Behind  them  a  row  of  six-storied 
houses  recedes  in  perspective.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

M^  Johnson  and  I  walked  Arm  in  Arm  up  the  High  Street  to  my  House  in 
James  Court;  it  was  a  dusky  night:  I  could  not  prevent  his  being  assailed  by 
the  Evening  effluvia  of  Edinburgh. — 

— As  we  marched  along  he  grumbled  in  my  Ear  ^' I  smell  you  in  the  dark". 

Vide  Journal  P.  13. 

The  quotations  are  correct  except  for  the  omission  of  *  slowly*  after 
'marched'.   For  Edinburgh  cf.  No.  5941. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  194.  Reproduced,  S.  C.  Roberts,  Picture  Book  of 
English  History,  iii,  1932,  p.  31. 

The  original  drawing  is  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  (Dyce 
Coll.,  No.  755). 
7|X9ftin. 

7035  [5]  TEA. 

Published  May  25'*  iy86.  by  E.  Jackson  N°  14  Mary-le-bone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Mrs.  Boswell  (1.)  and  Johnson  (r.)  sit  on  opposite  sides  of  a 
small  square  tea-table;  Boswell  sits  between  them  on  the  farther  side  of 
the  table,  with  a  complacent  expression,  his  r.  hand  on  his  breast,  his  1. 
held  towards  Johnson,  as  if  displaying  his  friend.  Johnson,  with  an 
expression  of  reflective  melancholy,  takes  sugar  with  a  pair  of  tongs,  his 
tea-cup  in  his  1.  hand.  Mrs.  Boswell  clasps  her  hands  ecstatically  and 
smiles  admiringly  at  Johnson.  A  foot-boy  stands  behind  Johnson  and 
Boswell  holding  a  salver;  he  yawns  violently,  scratching  his  tousled  head. 
A  wall-clock  shows  that  it  is  12.10.  A  single  candle  in  a  sconce  (1.)  lights 
the  room.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

347 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

**My  wife  had  Tea  ready  for  him  which  it  is  well  known  he  delighted  to 
drink  at  all  hours,  particularly  when  sitting  up  late.  He  shewed  much  com- 
placency  that  the  Mistress  of  the  House  was  so  attentive  to  his  singular  habit, 
and  as  no  man  could  be  more  polite  when  he  chose  to  be  so,  his  address  to  her 
was  most  Courteous  and  engaging,  and  his  conversation  soon  charmed  her  into 
a  forgetfulness  of  his  external  appearance,** 

Vide  Journal  P.  14. 

The  passage  is  slightly  abbreviated.  In  the  advertisement  the  title  con- 
cludes 'at  the  Journalist's  House  in  James-Court*. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  5.  Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  ciii. 
7|Xio  in. 

7036  [6]  CHATTING. 

Pu¥  30  May  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  N°  14  Mary  bone  Street,  Golden 
Square 

Engraving.  Boswell  (1.)  and  Johnson  (r.)  talk  across  a  small  circular  table 
on  which  is  a  candle.  Boswell  leans  on  the  table,  with  raised  fingers,  talk- 
ing vivaciously.  Johnson  leans  back  as  if  asleep,  his  stick  between  his  out- 
stretched legs.  Through  an  open  door  (1.)  is  seen  the  back  of  Mrs.  Boswell 
hurrying  from  the  room.  A  bracket-clock  points  to  1.55.  A  dog  looks  up 
at  Boswell  yawning.  The  floor  is  boarded.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

"We  talked  of  Murder — and  of  the  Antient  trial  by  Duel— We  sat  till  near 
two  in  the  Morning,  having  chatted  a  good  while  after  my  wife  left  us —  .  .  . 
Vide  Journal  p.  i^ 

The  passage  about  murder  and  the  duel  is  much  condensed.  The 
engraved  quotation  ends,  as  in  the  Journal,  with  Boswell's  tribute  to  his 
wife  for  giving  up  her  room  to  Johnson.  In  the  advertisement  the  title 
ends, '  'till  Two  in  the  Morning'. 

The  original  drawing  is  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  (Dyce 
Coll.,  No.  756). 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  194. 

7i6X9iiin. 

7037  [7]  VERONICA  A  BREAKFAST  CONVERSATION. 

Pub'^  May  jo^*  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  N"  14  Marylebone  Street  Golden 
Square 

Engraving.  Johnson  (1.)  sits  at  a  small  rectangular  breakfast-table  with  his 
back  to  the  door.  A  nursemaid  behind  him  holds  the  infant  Veronica,  who 
leans  forward,  pushing  Johnson's  wig  from  his  head;  he  holds  up  his 
finger  admonishingly  and  does  not  appear  pleased,  though  all  the  others 
smile  admiringly.  These  are :  Mrs.  Boswell,  seated  (r.)  opposite  Johnson ; 
Boswell  standing  beside  Johnson  and  clasping  his  hands  over  Ogden  (cf. 
No.  7031);  the  two  visitors,  Mr.  Scott  and  Sir  William  Forbes;  the  tousled 
foot-boy,  who  carries  in  a  tray  of  tea-things  which  he  is  about  to  place 
beside  the  urn  on  the  otherwise  bare  table.  Three  pictures  decorate  the 
wall :  Sancta  Veronica,  kneeling  in  prayer  before  a  reading-desk ;  a  medallion 
inscribed  Bruce  and  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Alexander  of  Kincardin  dressed  as 
a  courtier  (see  No.  7032,  &c.).   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  the  passage 

348 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1786 

from  the  Tour  beginning  "Af  Johnson  was  pleased  with  my  Daughter 
Veronica  and  ending  /  declard  she  should  have  Five  Hundred  Pounds  of 
additional  fortune, 

[Journaly  ist  ed.,  pp.  16-17.] 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  194. 
7|Xioin. 

7038  [8]  WIT  AND  WISDOM. 

Pu¥  15  May  iy86  by  E.  Jackson^  N°  14  Mary-bone  Street^  Golden 
Square, 

Engraving.  Boswell  and  his  wife  in  the  kitchen  prepare  a  dinner  for 
Johnson,  who  is  seen  in  back  view  through  an  open  street-door  on  the 
extreme  1.  They  face  each  other  smiling  across  a  small,  ramshackle  table; 
Boswell  is  cutting  off  the  neck  of  a  grouse  (which  resembles  a  duck  or 
goose).  He  wears  the  Scots  cap  and  the  pen  behind  the  ear  of  No.  703 1 ,  &c. , 
with  an  apron.  From  his  pocket  project  Ogden  (see  No.  7031)  and  the 
Journal.  Mrs.  Boswell  holds  a  rolling-pin.  Behind  (r.)  is  a  slatternly  maid- 
servant in  back  view  looking  to  the  1.  with  a  smile.  On  the  ground  are  two 
piles  of  large  birds  intended  for  grouse,  and  an  enormous  lobster.  Behind 
is  a  primitive  kitchen  fireplace;  two  large  pots  are  suspended  over  the  fire. 
The  spit  rests  horizontally  above  the  fireplace.  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved : 

*^We  gave  him  as  good  a  dinner  as  we  could.  Our  Scotch  muir-fowl,  or 
growsCf  were  then  abundant y  and  quite  in  Season;  and  so  far  as  wisdom  and 
wit  can  be  aided  by  administering  agreeable  sensations  to  the  palate^  my  wife 
took  care  that  our  great  guest  should  not  be  deficient.  ^^ 

Vide  Journal p,  123  [i.e.  p.  38]. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  194. 

7iX9iiin. 

7039  [9]  SETTING  OUT  FROM  EDINBURGH. 

Published  30  May  iy86.  by  E  Jackson  Mary-le-bone  Street  Golden 
Square. 

Engraving.  Johnson  and  Boswell,  attended  by  Ritter,  depart  from  Bos- 
well's  house  on  foot;  Mrs.  Boswell  stands  in  the  doorway  weeping  and 
holding  up  a  handkerchief.  Johnson,  his  stick  in  his  r.  hand,  pulls  Boswell 
by  the  r.  arm ;  Boswell,  turning  to  look  at  his  wife,  weeps  unrestrainedly. 
He  holds  his  handkerchief  to  his  eyes;  Ogden  (see  No.  7031)  and  the 
Journal  are  under  his  r.  arm.  He  wears  the  feathered  Scots  cap,  the  pen, 
and  barrister's  wig  as  in  No.  7031.  His  ink-bottle  hangs  from  a  button- 
hole. Between  Boswell  and  his  wife  stands  the  moustachioed  Ritter  wear- 
ing a  wide  cocked  hat  and  holding  a  long  stick  in  both  hands ;  a  large  pack  is 
on  his  back.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  a  citation  beginning :  *^  Wednesday 
18^^  August^  On  this  day  we  set  out  from  Edinburgh^  attended  only  by  my 
Man  Joseph  Ritter^  a  Bohemiany  and  ending.  My  Wife  did  not  seem  quite 
easy  when  we  left  her,  but  away  we  wentP^ 

Vide  Journal  P,  47  [i.e.  pp.  46-8]. 

The  passages  are  much  abridged. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  pp.  194-5. 
7AX9|in. 

349 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7040  [lo]  SCOTTIFYING  THE  PALATE. 

Pu¥  30  May  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  N"*  14  Mary  bone  Street  Golden 
Square. 

Engraving.  Johnson  is  seated  on  the  ground  on  the  shore  of  the  Firth  of 
Forth;  Boswell  kneels  upon  him  and  playfully  holds  a  fish  to  his  open 
mouth,  holding  back  the  head  of  his  unwilling  friend.  Behind  Johnson 
stands  Ritter,  turning  his  back  on  the  scene.  Boswell,  with  Ogden  under 
his  arm,  is  dressed  as  in  No.  7031,  &c.  In  the  middle  distance  (r.)  are 
three  fishwives,  grinning  and  pointing;  they  resemble  Rowlandson's 
Billingsgate  women.  Two  persons  are  in  a  boat  or  punt.  On  the  horizon 
is  the  opposite  shore.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

**/  bought  some  Speldings  fish  salted  and  dried  in  a  particular  manner  being 

dipped  in  the  Sea  &  dried  in  the  Sun  and  eaten  by  the  Scots  by  way  of  relish 

— He  had  never  seen  them  though  they  are  Sold  in  London   I  insisted  on 

Scottifying  his  palate  but  he  was  very  reluctant — With  difficulty  I  prevailed 

upon  him — He  did  not  like  it.  t^-  ,   «v  , 

Vide  Journal  p.  50. 

The  passage  is  slightly  abbreviated. 

The  original  drawing  is  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum  (Dyce 
Coll.,  No.  757). 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  195  (reproduction). 
7iX9jin. 

[Part  II] 

7041  [i]  REVISING  FOR  THE  SECOND  EDITION. 

Pub'^  15  June  iy86byE  Jackson  N"  14  Mary  bone  Street  Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  A  laird  in  Highland  dress  (1.)  seizes  Boswell  by  the  throat.  The 
latter  is  seated  at  his  writing-table,  holding  up  his  hands  in  supplication. 
His  Journal  is  open  at  pp.  168  and  i6g.  The  laird.  Sir  Alexander  Mac- 
donald,  points  with  his  cane  at  p.  169;  torn-out  pages  lie  on  the  floor,  one 
is  i6^y  another  i6y.  On  the  wall  of  the  bare,  boarded  room  are  (1.)  A  Map 
of  Skye  showing  Armidale  and  (r.)  View  [of]  Auchenlecky  the  Seat  of  (name 
obscured  by  Boswell's  cap).  Boswell  is  dressed  as  in  No.  7031,  &c.,  his 
pen  is  in  the  inkpot  which  stands  on  the  table,  its  ribbon  hanging  from  it. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

''Having  founds  on  a  revision  of  this  work,  that  a  few  observations  had 
escaped  me,  the  publication  of  which  might  be  considered  as  passing  the  bounds 
of  strict  decorum^  I  immediately  ordered  that  they  should  be  omitted  in  the 
present  edition.''   Vide  Journal  p.  52 y  2^  Ed^ 

''Let  Lord  McDonald  threat  thy  breech  to  kick" 
"And  o'er  thy  shrinking  shoulders  shake  his  stick.'' 
Vide  Poetical  Epistle  to  Ja^  Boswell  Esq^  by  Peter  Pindar  Esq""  16. 

The  passage  in  question  related  to  Sir  Alexander  McDonald,  then  living 
in  a  tenant's  house  in  Armidale,  the  family  mansion  having  been  burnt 
down.  Dr.  Johnson's  expectations  of  him  as  an  *Eton  Scholar'  were  dis- 
appointed by  his  visit  and  by  complaints  *of  rents  racked  and  people  driven 
to  emigration'  (pp.  165-6).  Boswell  wrote  to  the  Gentleman's  Magazine^ 
p.  285,  complaining  that  the  passage  from  the  2nd  edition,  p.  527,  here 
quoted,  had  been  *  misunderstood  by  some  and  grossly  misrepresented  by 

350 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1786 

Others*.  He  had  omitted  26  lines  relating  to  Sir  A.  McDonald,  but  no 
application  had  been  made  to  him  *by  the  nobleman  alluded  to'  (see  No. 
7051).  The  last  paragraph  of  this  letter  is  quoted  in  the  advertisement 
of  both  parts  of  this  series,  where  the  title  ends  'under  the  Inspection  of 
a  learned  Friend'.  The  slander  was  grossly  expressed  in  Peter  Pitidar's 
Poetical  Epistle y  p.  16,  quoted  above,  with  the  footnote:  *A  letter  of  severe 
remonstrance  was  sent  to  Mr.  B.  who,  in  consequence,  omitted,  in  the 
second  edition  of  his  Journal,  what  is  so  generally  pleasing  to  the  public, 
viz.  the  scandalous  passages  relative  to  this  nobleman.'  For  the  relations 
between  Boswell  and  Macdonald  see  the  much  longer  and  severer  observa- 
tions in  the  origmal  Journal,  ed.  Pottle  and  Bennett,  1936,  pp.  114  ff.  and  n. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  196. 
7iX9fin. 

7042  [2]  THE  PROCESSION. 

Pu¥  June  15  iy86  by  E  Jackson  N"  14  Mary  bone  Street  Golden 
Square 

Engraving.  Johnson  and  Boswell  walk  together;  their  landlord,  wearing 
a  knitted  cap  and  tartan  stockings,  walks  in  front  (1.)  holding  a  candle;  he 
turns  round  smiling  up  at  the  couple.  Johnson  walks  with  a  heavy,  dignified 
melancholy,  leaning  on  his  stick,  Boswell  walks  jauntily,  as  in  No.  7034, 
his  hands  thrust  in  the  pockets  of  his  short  coat,  the  Journal  under  his  arm, 
his  pen  behind  his  ear.  Behind  (r.)  walks  a  bare-legged  waiter  holding  a 
lantern.  On  the  stone  wall  of  a  dark  building  (1.)  two  Gothic  niches  are 
indicated.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

'^  After  supper  we  made  a  procession  to  Saint  Leonard's  College ,  the  Land- 
lord walking  before  us  with  a  Candle,  and  the  Waiter  with  a  Lantern." 

Vide  Journal  p.  54. 

They  were  on  their  way  to  visit  Dr.  Watson,  who  had  bought  the  build- 
ings of  the  dissolved  St.  Leonard's  College,  St.  Andrews. 
Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  196. 

7x5X91  in. 

7043  [3]  THE  VISION. 

Published  May  i^\  iy86.  by  E.  Jackson  N^  14  Mary-le-bone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Boswell  (1.)  rises  in  terror  from  his  bed,  at  the  sight  of  a  head- 
less man  in  Highland  dress,  the  head  replaced  by  a  headsman's  axe  sur- 
mounted by  a  Scots  cap.  This  spectre,  irradiated,  advances  from  the  r. 
and  draws  aside  the  curtain  of  the  bed.  Boswell's  nightcap  flies  upwards 
from  his  head.  After  the  title  is  engraved  the  passage  describing  Boswell's 
night  at  Slains  Castle,  24  Aug.,  beginning,  ** I  had  a  most  elegant  Room",  and 
ending,  ''I  saw,  in  imagination.  Lord  Errols  Father,  Lord  Kilmarnock  {Who 
was  beheaded  on  Tower-hill  in  1746.)  &  I  was  somewhat  dreary,  but  the 
thought  did  not  last  long,  and  I  fell  asleep."  Vide  Journal  P.  no. 

On  the  advertisement  the  title  ends  *at  Lord  Errol's,  Slain 's  Castle*. 
Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  196. 
7iX9f  in. 

351 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7044  [4]  LODGING  AT  A  M'QUEEN'S. 

Pu¥  20  June  iy86  by  E,  Jackson  N""  14  Mary  bone  Street  Golden 

Square 
Engraving.  In  a  squalid  room  Johnson  and  Boswell  lie  in  two  short 
truckle  beds.  Boswell  (r.)  is  in  the  foreground,  his  face  contorted  with 
horror,  his  hands  before  his  mouth  as  if  to  stifle  a  scream,  his  bare  feet 
drawn  up,  but  projecting  over  the  end  of  his  bed.  A  gigantic  spider 
descends  towards  his  head,  insects  are  spotted  over  the  bedclothes  and 
pillow,  from  which  projects  Ogden  (see  No.  7031).  Johnson  lies  on  his 
back  (1.)  under  a  casement  window,  his  eyes  closed,  his  hands  clasped  as 
if  in  prayer,  his  knees  drawn  up  to  accommodate  the  shortness  of  the  bed. 
A  woman's  dress  hangs  as  an  improvised  curtain  between  the  two  beds. 
Under  Johnson's  bed  two  rats  gnaw  Boswell 's  wig.  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved : 

*' There  were  two  Beds  in  the  room,  and  a  Woman's  gown  was  hung  on  a  rope 
to  make  a  curtain  of  seperation  between  them.  After  we  had  offered  up  our 
private  devotions  [the  passage  continues  as  in  The  Tour,  under  31st  Aug.]. 

Vide  Journal  p.  153  [i.e.  pp.  152,  153]. 

On  the  advertisement  the  title  ends,  *in  Glenmorison,  the  celebrated 
Spider  Scene'. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  196. 
7iX9Jin. 


7045  [5]  THE  RECONCILIATION. 

Pu¥  June  2&^  1786,  by  E  Jackson  N°  14  Marylebone  Street  Golden 
Square. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  boarded  hut,  the  inn  at  Glenelg.  Johnson  (1.) 
stands  by  a  table,  Ogden  (see  No.  7031)  open  in  his  r.  hand,  his  1.  held 
meditatively  to  his  cheek.  Boswell  (r.)  kneels  beside  him,  his  hands 
clasped  in  prayer,  his  face  puckered  as  if  weeping.  He  wears  a  hood  or 
bonnet  as  a  night-cap,  his  legs  are  bare.  Johnson  is  dressed,  wearing 
slippers ;  his  boots  and  oak  stick  lean  against  the  table.  Beneath  the  title 
is  engraved : 

*'/  resumed  the  subject  of  my  leaving  him  on  the  road,  and  endeavoured  to 
*^ defend  it  better.  He  was  still  violent  upon  that  heady — I  had  slept  ill.  D^ 
"Johnson's  anger  had  affected  me  much. 

The  passage,  slightly  abridged,  ends: 

Johnson    You  deserved  about  as  much,  as  to  believe  me  from  night  to 

morning. '* 

Vide  Journal  P.  164. 

That  is,  pp.  163,  164,  the  conversations  of  the  evening  of  ist  Sept.  and 
the  morning  of  the  2nd  being  amalgamated.  On  the  advertisement  the  title 
ends  *at  Glenelg,  after  the  Journalist  had  rode  away  from  Ursa  Major'. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  196-7. 
7fXioin. 

352 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

7046  [6]  THE  DANCE  ON  DUN-CAN. 

Puhlish'd  May  15^^  iy86.  by  E.  Jackson  N°  14  Mary4e-hone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Boswell  and  two  men  in  Highland  dress  dance  a  Highland 
fling  on  the  summit  of  a  low  mountain,  with  the  sea  and  a  low  spur  of  land 
on  the  horizon.  Boswell,  full-face,  capers;  his  wig  and  pendant  ink-pot 
with  the  pen  in  it,  stream  in  the  wind.  He  flourishes  his  Journal;  his  1. 
hand  is  in  that  of  one  of  his  companions  (r.);  the  other  (1.)  dances  2i  pas 
seul  looking  at  Boswell;  both  hold  long  sticks.  A  piper  on  the  extreme  1., 
standing  just  below  the  summit  of  the  hill,  plays  the  pipes. 

Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  the  passage  from  the  Tour  beginning :  **0/^ 
M^  Malcolm  M^Cleod  who  had  obligingly  promised  to  accompany  me  was  at 
my  Bed-side  between  five  &  six^\  and  ending,  ''not  being  outdone  at  the 
Nightly  ball,  by  our  less  active  friends  who  had  remained  at  home".  It  is 
correctly  transcribed,  except  for  punctuation  and  the  hyphen  to  Dun  Can. 
On  the  advertisement  the  title  is,  'Highland  Dance  on  the  top  of  Dun- 
Can,  the  highest  Mountain  in  the  Island  of  Rasay*. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  197. 
7fX9iin. 

7047  [7]  THE  RECOVERY. 

'Pu¥  20  June  iy86  by  E.  Jackson.  N"  14  Mary  bone  Street  Golden 
Square 

Engraving.  Johnson  and  Boswell  sit  at  a  small  circular  table  in  a  plainly 
furnished  room.  Boswell  holds  his  head,  leaning  on  the  table,  and  pointing 
with  his  1.  hand  at  an  open  book  inscribed  Twentieth  Sunday  after  Trinity ; 
he  looks  with  abject  supplication  at  Johnson,  who  leans  back  in  his  chair, 
his  r.  hand  raised  as  if  speaking  oracularly.  Boswell's  forehead  is  bandaged, 
his  shoes  are  unlatched,  his  breeches  unbuttoned  at  the  knee,  from  his  coat- 
pocket  protrudes  Ogden  (see  No.  7031).  A  water-bottle  and  a  bowl  are  on 
the  floor  beside  him.  Johnson  wears  his  top-boots.  Above  Boswell's  head 
is  a  picture  of  a  pig  under  a  vine,  suffering  from  a  surfeit. 

Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  the  passage  beginning:  ''I awaked  at  noon 
with  a  severe  head  ach,  and  ending,  taking  up  M"  M*Kin?ion's  Prayer-booky 
I  opened  it  at  the  twentieth  Sunday  after  Trinity  in  the  epistle  for  which  I 
read  And  be  not  drunk  with  wine  wherein  there  is  excess  Some  would  have 
taken  this  as  a  divine  interposition."  Vide  Journal  p.  318  [i.e.  pp.  317-18]. 

The  passage  describing  the  morning  of  26  Sept.  at  Corrichatachin  is 
much  abridged.  The  title  on  the  advertisement  continues,  'after  a  severe 
drunken  Frolick,  at  Corrichatachin'. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  197. 
7^X911  in. 

7048  [8]  SAILING  AMONG  THE  HEBRIDES. 

Publish' d  May  25^*  iy86  by  E  Jackson  N""  14  Mary-le-bone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Three  men  on  the  deck  of  a  small  sailing-vessel.  Boswell,  his 
knees  flexed,  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  the  end  of  a  rope  and  looking 

353  A  a 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

at  Col,  in  Highland  dress,  who  holds  up  his  finger  admonishingly.  His 
Scots  cap  flies  from  his  head,  his  coat-tails  blow  in  the  wind,  his  ink-pot 
dangles  from  his  neck,  his  Journal  is  under  his  1.  arm.  A  sailor  (r.)  stands 
in  back  view  leaning  against  the  side  of  the  vessel.  Beneath  the  title  is 
correctly  transcribed  the  passage  beginning:  *^As  I  saw  them  all  busy  doing 
somethings  I  asked  Col^  with  much  earnestness  what  I  could  d6'\  and  ending, 
"  Thus  did  I  stand  firm  to  my  postj  while  the  wind  and  the  rain  heat  upon  me, 
always  expecting  a  call  to  pull  my  ropeJ*^ 

Vide  Journal  34g. 

From  the  famous  account  of  the  departure  from  Skye,  when  the  vessel 
was  forced  to  run  before  the  wind  to  the  island  of  Col.  On  the  advertise- 
ment the  title  continues,  *the  Journalist  holding  a  Rope's  end'. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  197. 
7|X9|in. 


7049  [9]  THE  CONTEST  AT  AUCHINLECK. 

Pti¥June  i&^  hy  E  Jackson  N"  14  Marylehone  Street  Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  library,  the  walls  lined  with  heavy  folio 
volumes.  Johnson  attacks  Lord  Auchinleck  (1.)  with  three  books  inscribed 
Liturgy s  held  between  his  upraised  hands  which  conceal  his  face.  Auchin- 
leck shrinks  back  in  alarm;  he  has  dropped  two  volumes,  Calvin  and 
Whiggism,  to  the  floor.  Medals  lie  on  the  ground.  Boswell  (r.)  stands  in 
the  doorway  behind  Johnson,  biting  his  thumbs  and  gazing  upwards  in 
consternation ;  his  Journal  falls  to  the  ground.  He  wears  his  Scots  cap,  and 
his  ink-pot  dangles  from  his  buttonhole.  Auchinleck  is  an  elderly  man 
wearing  a  judge's  wig  and  bands.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  the  passage 
beginning : "  The  contest  began  whilst  my  Father  was  shewing  him  his  collection 
of  MedalSy  and  ending,  therefore  I  suppress  what  wouldj  I  dare  say^  make  an 
interesting  scene  in  this  dramatick  sketch." 

Vide  Journal  p.  482  [p.  479  in  ist  ed.]. 

The  sentence  *and  Oliver  Cromwell's  coin  unfortunately  introduced 
Charles  the  First,  and  Toryism'  is  omitted.  The  representation  of  this 
contest  of  'intellectual  gladiators'  perhaps  derives  from  Johnson's  attack 
on  Osborne  the  bookseller. 

On  the  advertisement  the  title  ends,  'in  which,  Ursa  Major  made  a  severe 
retort  on  the  Journalist's  Father'  (cf.  No.  7052). 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  197-8. 
7jX9|in. 


7050  [10]  IMITATIONS  AT  DRURY-LANE  THEATRE. 

Published  20  June  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  N°  14  Marylebone  Street  Golden 
Square. 

Engraving.  The  pit  of  a  theatre :  Boswell  stands  in  the  centre  of  the  front 
row  behind  a  row  of  spikes,  emitting  a  blast  from  his  mouth,  putting  his 
hands  on  his  cheeks.  The  man  next  him  (r.)  protects  his  face  with  his  hat; 
two  men  on  the  1.  are  amused,  one  claps.  Behind  him  are  several  rows  of 

354 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

laughing  heads.    Two  musicians  in  the  foreground  turn  their  heads. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  the  passage  beginning : 

A  great  many  years  agOy  when  D^  Hugh  Blair  &  I  were  sitting  together  in 
the  Pit  of  Drury  Lane  Play-house  . . .  I  entertained  the  audience  Prodigiously ^ 
by  imitating  the  lowing  of  a  Cow. — .  It  is  continued  from  the  accompanying 
footnote,  ending,  "My  dear  Sir^  I  would  confine  myself  to  the  Cow!'* 

Vide  Journal  P.  4gg. 

[Pp.  496-7  in  the  ist  edition  where  the  name  of  Dr.  Hugh  Blair  is  omitted.] 
For  this  imitation  cf.  No.  7031. 
Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  198. 

7igX9|m. 


7051  BOZZY  MADAME  PIOZZI  [1786] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  Peter  Pindar's  (Wolcot's)  Bozzy  and  Piozzif 
1786.  Mrs.  Thrale  (Piozzi)  and  Boswell  are  in  heated  argument:  she  (1.) 
advances  upon  Boswell  with  her  hands  on  her  hips;  he  stamps  violently 
and  clenches  his  fists.  An  elderly  man  seated  in  an  armchair  looks  at  them 
in  alarm,  raising  his  hand  in  admonition.  He  is  Sir  John  Hawkins:  the 
*  rival  wits'  have  agreed  to  let  him 

Declare  the  prop 'rest  pen  to  write  Sam's  Life. 

Beside  him  a  'cello  leans  against  the  wall,  emblem  perhaps  of  Sir  John's 
interest  in  music,  perhaps  of  Mrs.  Thrale 's  marriage  to  Piozzi.  Three 
shelves  of  books  are  above  his  head ;  the  highest  is  filled  with  large  volumes 
covered  with  a  cobweb,  one  inscribed  History  of  Musi[c]j  illustrating  the 
lines : 

Whose  Volume,  tho'  it  here  and  there  offends, 

Boasts  German  merit — makes  by  bulky  amends. 

Superior,  frowning  o'er  octavo  wits 

High  plac'd  the  venerable  quarto  sits ; 

Behind  the  two  disputants  is  a  draped  sash-window.  Beneath  each  part 
of  the  title  a  quotation  from  the  verses  is  engraved : 

[i]  Whoy  madning  with  an  Anecdotic  Itchy 

Hath  said  that  Johnson  calVd  his  Mother y  B-tch? 

Boswell  taunts  Mrs.  Thrale  with  her  anecdote  of  Johnson's  answer  to 
his  mother  when  she  called  him  a  puppy. 

[2]  Whoy  from  Macdonald's  RagCy  to  save  his  snouty 
Cut  twenty  lines  of  defamationy  out? 

She  retorts  with  the  slander  which  Boswell  denied,  see  No.  7041. 

A  satire  on  Boswell's  Tour  to  the  HebrideSy  see  No.  7028,  &c.,  on  Mrs. 
Piozzi 's  Anecdotes  of  the  late  Samuel  Johnsony  1786,  and  on  Hawkins's 
History  of  Music  (1776). 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  97  (under  the  date  1780). 

6ix8Jin. 

355 


V 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7052  THE  BIOGRAPHERS 
jf^/[Sayers.] 

Puhl^June  iy86  by  T  Cornell  Bruton  Street.^ 

Engraving.  Unfinished  proof.  The  three  biographers  of  Johnson  sit  under 
his  bust,  which  frowns  down  at  them  from  a  high  rectangular  pedestal. 
Mrs.  Thrale  (1.)  and  Boswell  (r.)  sit  facing  each  other;  she  leans  back,  her 
head  turned  in profil perdu  towards  Johnson  (who  looks  at  her);  she  holds 
a  large  open  book,  the  pages  headed  Mefnoirs  |  Life  of  D^  Johnson;  her  pen 
is  in  her  r.  hand.  Boswell  writes  busily  in  an  open  book  on  whose  1.  page 
is  depicted  a  bear  on  its  hind  legs,  holding  a  large  stick,  a  chain  attached 
^  to  its  muzzle.   Between  them  is  a  small  table  at  a  corner  of  which  Boswell 

writes.  At  its  farther  side,  with  his  back  to  the  bust,  sits  Courtenay 
scratching  his  forehead  in  perplexity,  his  elbow  supported  on  a  book 
inscribed  Joe  Miller.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Three  Authors  in  three  Sister  Kingdoms  born. 
The  Shrine  of  Johnson  with  their  Works  adorn 
The  first  a  female  Friend  with  letterd  Pride , 
Bares  those  Defects  which  Friendship  ought  to  hide, 
B  ....  II  to  Genius  gives  a  Monsters  Air 
And  shews  his  Johnson  as  Men  shew  a  Bear, 

C y  to  Merit  as  to  Grammar  true, 

Blurrs  with  bad  Verse  the  Worth  he  never  knew 
O  could  the  Sage  whose  Fame  employs  their  Pen 
Visit  his  great  Biographers  again 
His  two  good  Friends  would  find  him  d  .  .  .  d  uncivil 
And  he  would  drive  the  Poet  to  the  Devil 

A  satire  on  Anecdotes  of  the  late  Samuel  Johnson  by  Mrs.  Thrale  (Piozzi), 
see  No.  7051 ;  on  Boswell's  Jowrwa/  of  a  Tour  to  the  Hebrides,  see  No.  7028, 
&c.,  and  on  John  Courtenay 's  Poetical  Review  of  the  literary  .  .  .  Character 
of  the  late  Samuel  Johnson.  The  last  is  alleged  to  rely  on  the  jests  of  Joe 
Miller  for  inspiration.  See  also  No.  7417. 
9iX7f  in. 

7053  SCRUB. 
J  5/ [Bayers.] 

Publ^  i^^  Febrv  iy86  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  Mrs.  Abington  stands  facing  T.Q.  to  the  r.  dressed  as  Scrub 
in  Farquhar's  Beaux*  Stratagem,  with  her  hair  in  tightly  curled  ringlets 
(resembling  the  wig  worn  by  Weston  in  the  part).  Her  hand  is  in  the 
pocket  of  a  long,  old-fashioned  coat  worn  over  an  apron.  On  the  wall 
behind  her  head  is  a  bust  of  Farquhar,  scowling  down  at  her,  disgusted  to 
see  a  woman  play  the  part.  On  each  side  is  a  picture :  on  the  1.  the  head 
and  shoulders  of  a  man  calling  Murder  Murder,  the  frame  is  inscribed, 
M'  Weston  in  y^  part  of  Scrub.  On  the  r.  a  woman  emerges  from  the  funnel 
of  a  bottle,  as  the  Bottle  Imp.   She  is  of  meretricious  appearance,  holds 

"  The  imprint  is  lightly  scored  through.  The  print  was  not  published.   (Note 
by  Miss  Banks.) 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

up  a  purse  in  her  r.  hand,  a  mask  in  the  1. ;  the  frame  is  inscribed,  For  the 
Benefit  of  Thalia  For  this  Night  only   The  Pit  laid  into  the  Boxes. 

At  Mrs.  Abington's  benefit,  Covent  Garden,  10  Feb.  1786,  she  played 
Scrub  in  the  Beaux'  Stratagem^  pit  and  boxes  being  laid  together.  She  was 
supposed  to  have  acted  the  part  for  a  wager  and,  though  making  a  large 
profit,  to  have  disgraced  herself;  her  hair  was  dressed  for  Lady  Racket 
in  Three  Weeks  after  Marriage^  the  second  piece.  Genest,  vi.  393.  John 
Taylor,  who  was  present,  speaks  of  this  print  as  'very  like  her'.  Records  of 
my  Lifey  1832,  i.  417  n.  As  the  Bottle  Imp  her  performance  is  compared 
with  the  great  hoax  of  the  century,  see  Nos.  3022-7.  She  had  appeared 
in  a  Tete-a-tite  as  Thalia^  see  No.  541 1.  A  portrait  of  Weston  (1737-76), 
by  Dodd,  as  Scrub,  one  of  his  favourite  parts,  was  published  in  1780 
(Burney  Coll.).  See  also  No.  6931. 
ioiX7iin. 

7054  WERTER  A  TRAGEDY  FOR  MASTERS  &  MISSES 

7  5/ [Bayers.] 

puhV-  2f^  March  iy86  by  T  Cornell 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  A  stage  scene  showing  part  of  an  empty 
stage  box  on  the  extreme  r.  A  burlesque  of  F.  Reynolds's  Werter^  adapted 
from  Goethe's  romance.  The  persons  and  objects  on  the  stage  have  letters 
referring  to  an  Explanation  below  the  design.  Werter  {A)  kneels  before 
Charlotte  (jB),  who  is  seated  on  a  settee  on  the  extreme  1. ;  he  raises  her 
petticoat  with  a  passionate  gesture.  At  Werter's  feet  is  an  open  book, 
Ossian  (which  he  has  been  reading  to  Charlotte) ;  she  protests  with  raised 
hands  (pp.  35-6  of  the  1802  edition).  Behind  (r.),  Albert  (C),  in  regi- 
mentals, stands  with  his  face  to  the  wall,  his  hands  clasped  behind  his 
back.  Two  pictures  (E  E)  hang  on  the  wall  representing  scenes  from  the 
play.  In  one  (1.)  Albert  lies  prone ;  Charlotte,  seated  beside  him,  raises  her 
arms  in  despair ;  the  other  is  suspended  from  one  corner,  hanging  crookedly ; 
it  represents  Charlotte  and  Albert  embracing. 

In  the  front  of  the  stage  (r.),  her  back  to  the  actors,  a  nude  woman  {F)  is 
seated  on  a  low  step  holding  a  pistol  to  each  ear.  She  wears  a  hat  tied  under 
her  chin  and  is  weeping.  Above  her  head  is  an  urn  inscribed  Sacred  to 
Suicide  and  a  weeping  willow.  Across  the  top  of  the  design  is  a  scroll 
H:  ''To  raise  the  Genius  and  to  mend  the  HearV\  Across  the  lower  part 
of  the  design  is  etched :  Explanation^  A  Werter  making  a  very  improper 
Request  to  Charlotte — B  Charlotte  resenting  it  very  properly — C  Albert  her 
Husband  very  civilly  taking  himself  off — D  A  Sopha^  one  of  the  Dramatis 
Personae^  very  properly  introduced  in  Love  Scenes^  EE  two  very  natural  and 
ajfecting  Situations  in  the  Tragedy y  one  of  the  Pictures  was  near  falling 
during  the  2^  Representation  F  The  Tragic  Muse  in  a  Werter  Hat  sitting  under 
a  Weeping  Willow  in  a  melancholy  Posture  with  a  Brace  of  Pistols  cock'd — G 
A  Stage  Box  very  much  crowded  at  first  but  the  Tragedy  was  so  moving  that 
the  Company  went  off  before  the  Pistols — H  A  Motto  which  may  serve  for 
the  Theatre  as  well  as  the  Tragedy. 

Werter y  Reynolds's  first  play,  was  acted  on  14  March  1786  at  Covent 
Garden  for  Miss  Brunton's  benefit,  having  been  already  played  at  Bath ; 
Holman  played  Werter,  Farren  played  Albert.  According  to  Baker,  Biog. 
Dram.y  it  had  little  success  in  London.  According  to  Reynolds,  'Werter's 
metropolitan,  was  equal,  if  not  superior,  to  his  rural  success'.  He  describes 

357 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  tears  and  fainting-fits  of  the  first  night  at  Covent  Garden  (perhaps 
responsible  for  the  empty  stage  box).  Life  and  Times  of  Frederick  Reynolds 
by  himself^  i.  304  ff.  See  No.  7055,  and  cf.  No.  7765.  The  Werter  hat  is 
mentioned  by  contemporaries,  e.g.  in  The  Lounger^  No.  79  (1786).  Another 
comic  print,  Alas  poor  Werter! ^  was  advertised  by  Holland.  (Jordan's 
Elixir  of  Life y  lySg.) 
7|X9Ain. 

7055  MORE  OF  WERTER— THE  SEPARATION. 

Designed  by  Callings  Etched  by  Rowlandson. 

Pu¥  6  May  iy86  by  E.  Jackson  Marylebone  Street  Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  Reynolds's  tragedy,  Werter.  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved:  Charlotte  preserved  from  destruction  by  Albert  and  Hymen  whilst 
Werter  in  the  excess  of  Frenzy  puts  an  end  to  his  existance.  Werter  (1.) 
crouches  on  the  edge  of  a  precipice  in  a  wild  frenzy,  a  pistol  in  each  hand. 
His  hair  rises  on  his  head,  his  hat  flies  off,  his  coat  is  violently  blown  towards 
the  abyss.  A  small  demon,  holding  up  writhing  serpents,  pours  the  con- 
tents of  a  phial  on  his  head,  over  which  a  winged  skull  hovers;  a  serpent 
stings  him.  Hymen,  holding  Charlotte  (r.)  by  a  chain  attached  to  her 
waist,  urges  her  into  the  arms  of  Albert,  who  stands  behind,  clutching 
his  head.  Hymen,  a  winged  and  naked  youth,  holds  his  torch  reversed, 
directing  clouds  of  smoke  upon  Werter,  which  seem  to  drive  him  towards 
the  abyss.  Charlotte  and  Albert  are  irradiated;  Charlotte  is  frantic  with 
grief,  a  garter  inscribed  Werter  trails  below  her  petticoat.  Papers  fly  into 
the  air,  two  being  inscribed  Werter.    See  No.  7054. 

Grego,  Rowlandson  f  i.  19 1-2. 
8ftxi7iin. 

7056  THE  CHARMERS  OF  THE  AGE. 
JSf  [Shyers.] 

Publ^  3&^  May  iy86  by  Ja'  Bretherton  New  Bond  Street 

Aquatint.  Mme  Mara  (1.)  and  Rubinelli  (r.)  sing  a  duet  on  the  stage. 
Rubinelli,  tall  and  thin,  wearing  quasi- Roman  dress  with  a  plumed  helmet 
and  long  cloak,  leans  towards  Mara,  his  r.  arm  extended.  Mara  stands  full- 
face,  her  hands  on  her  breast,  singing  with  a  distressed  expression,  face 
somewhat  contorted,  eyes  closed. 

Mara  and  Rubinelli  sang  together  in  Virginia j  on  4  May  1786,  the  latter 's 
first  appearance  on  the  London  stage.   W.  T.  Parke,  Musical  Memories^ 
1830,  i.  59.   See  also  No.  7067. 
9j|x8|in. 

7057  PERFORMED  AT  A  LITTLE  THEATRE  WITH   GREAT 
APPLAUSE 

J5/[Sayers.] 

Published  by  Tho'  Cornell  i&^  July  iy86 

Engraving.  Two  actresses  in  a  prison  scene  from  Gay's  Beggar^s  Opera. 
At  their  feet  is  a  tombstone  inscribed  The  Beggars  Opera  Capt^  Macheath 

358 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES   1786 

by  M"  E  .  .  .  [erased],  Lucy  by  Af*  W  .  .  .  [erased]  \  other  erasures  are 
followed  by  ''Here  lies  Gay'\  They  are  identified  by  Mr.  Hawkins  as 
Mrs.  Edwards  and  Mrs.  Webb.  Macheath  (r.),  in  leg-irons  and  fashion- 
ably dressed,  wearing  a  cocked  hat  and  top-boots,  the  tight  riding-dress 
showing  a  feminine  figure  with  ample  cur\^es,  stands  with  his  hands  raised 
as  if  singing.  Beside  and  behind  him  stands  Lucy,  listening,  with  her  hands 
on  her  hips.  She  is  stout  and  middle-aged,  a  head  taller  than  Macheath, 
and  resembles  Mrs.  Peachum  more  than  Lucy.  In  the  background  is  a 
barred  window  (r.).  Across  the  top  of  the  design  is  etched  Motto  for  the 
Manager y  and  (on  a  scroll) '' Redder e per sonae  sett  convenientia  cuique'^  Hor. 
No  performance  of  the  Beggar's  Opera  at  the  Haymarket  in  1786  is 
recorded  by  Genest,  but  his  list  is  probably  incomplete.  One  of  Mrs. 
Webb's  parts  was  Mrs.  Peachum  in  which  she  made  her  first  appearance 
at  Covent  Garden  in  1779;  she  became  corpulent  and  in  general  acted 
elderly  or  middle-aged  character  parts.  Mrs.  Edwards  does  not  appear 
among  the  Haymarket  actresses  given  by  Genest  for  1785  or  1786. 
9fx8  in. 

7058  THE  CRITIC  OR  TRAGEDY  REHEARS'D. 

R,  T.  Delin. 

Published  Feby  24^  1786,  by  S.W,  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse^ 
N°  J,  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Edward  Topham  (r.)  hearing,  and 
apparently  coaching,  Mrs.  Wells  (1.)  in  a  tragic  part.  They  face  each  other 
in  profile.  He  wears  regimentals  of  a  very  fashionable  cut  with  a  cocked 
hat,  and  very  large  ornate  buckles  on  his  low  shoes.  He  holds  an  eye-glass 
to  his  r.  eye,  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  book  inscribed  Wells  \  Toph[am\.  Mrs. 
Wells  stands  as  if  running  forward,  her  arms  outstretched,  a  dagger  falls 
to  the  ground.  Her  dress  is  plain  but  voluminous,  her  hair  is  loose,  and 
she  wears  a  turban-shaped  cap.  Two  pictures,  very  freely  sketched,  are 
on  the  wall.  In  one  (r.)  a  woman  draws  water  from  a  well  (indicating  Mrs. 
Wells) ;  in  the  other  are  two  men  on  horseback,  the  foremost  seems  to  be 
using  a  speaking-trumpet ;  they  perhaps  indicate  the  puffing  of  Mrs.  Wells 
by  Topham,  see  No.  6854,  &c. 

A  satire  on  the  relations  of  Topham  and  Mrs.  Wells,  also,  probably,  on 
the  appearance  of  the  actress  in  tragic  parts.  She  was  *a  good  actress 
in  comedy  and  a  respectable  in  tragedy'.  Joseph  Knight  in  D.N.B.  On 
31  Jan.  1786  she  played  Andromache  in  The  Distressed  Mother.  The 
portrait  is  a  good  one,^  cf.  an  engraving  of  Mrs.  Wells  as  Imogen  by 
C.  Sherwin  after  Ramberg,  for  John  Bell's  British  Library ,  pub.  28  Feb. 
1786. 
7|Xi2fin. 

7059  A  THEATRICAL  CHYMIST.  [1786*] 
[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Holman  the  actor,  a 
diminutive  creature,  is  being  blown  from  the  narrow  mouth  of  a  retort 
under  which  is  a  furnace  inscribed  Academy.  A  fashionably  dressed  but 

^  She  is  identified  by  E.  Hawkins  as  Mrs.  Siddons. 
^  So  dated  by  Grego. 

359 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

ragged  man  is  seated  on  the  r.  blowing  the  fire  of  the  furnace  with  a  pair 
of  bellows  inscribed  Morning  Post.  A  clergyman  (full-face)  looks  from 
behind  the  retort  to  hold  a  fragment  of  food  ( ?)  to  the  mouth  of  the  literary 
hack  with  the  bellows.  He  is  inspiring  the  puffs  of  the  Morning  Post.  From 
Holman's  mouth  and  posterior  issue  blasts  inscribed  Puff.  Papers 
inscribed  with  his  parts  fly  with  him  from  the  retort :  Mackbethy  Timony 
Benidicty  Richardy  Hamlety  Werter  (see  No.  7054).  The  retort  is  inscribed 
Ignorance  \  Impertinence  \  Coxcomity  \  Misconception  \  Raving.  Ranting  \ 
Grinning.   Snarling  \  Tortured  Attitudes  \  Envy.  Detraction. 

The  puffs  of  Holman  in  the  Morning  Post  are  represented  as  inspired 
by  a  clergyman  who  remains  concealed.  The  latter  is  identified  by  Grego 
as  Bate,  whom  he  does  not  resemble  and  who  gave  up  the  Morning  Post 
in  1780.  He  is  probably  WiUiam  Jackson  of  the  Morning  Post  (see  D.N.B.) ; 
the  same  figure  appears  in  No.  6853.  The  dramatic  critic  of  the  paper 
about  this  time  was  John  Taylor.   For  Holman  cf.  No.  6854. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  190. 
7jixio|in. 

7060  CAPT  EPILOGUE. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  7  iy86^  by  E.  Jackson  N'>  14  Marylehone  St*  Goldon 
Square. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  reissue  of  No.  6855,  with  the  addition 
of  a  notice-board  on  the  top  of  the  signpost :  A  Prospectus  \  For  the  World 
and  I  Fashionable  Advertiser. 

Topham  started  *The  World',  a  daily  paper,  on  i  Jan.  1787,  partly  with 
the  object  of  puffing  Mrs.  Wells.   See  No.  7210,  &c. 
8fX5|in. 

7060  A  Also  a  reissue  (coloured)  of  No.  6855  with  this  imprint  but 
without  the  addition. 

7061  QUIZ. 

Mas'  Hook  Inv*      Etc¥  by  I.B.  [ .?  Barlow]. 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs^  June  14*^  iy86y  by  T.  Cornell  Bruton  Si*, 

Engraving.  A  soldier  in  regimentals,  wearing  a  very  high  bearskin  deco- 
rated with  skull  and  cross-bones,  stands  in  a  swaggering  attitude,  holding 
an  enormously  long  sabre.  His  head  is  in  profile  to  the  1.  On  the  r.  is  a 
doorway  over  which  is  inscribed  Mable  Flourish.  In  the  background  (1.) 
is  a  landscape  with  tents.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  ''By  the  great  God 
of  War.''   Vide  Love  in  a  Camp. 

An  illustration  to  Patrick  in  Prussioy  or  Love  in  a  Campy  a.  musical  farce 
by  O'Keefe,  first  played  at  Covent  Garden  17  Feb.  1786,  the  part  of  Quiz 
by  Quick.  The  scene  is  a  camp  in  Silesia,  the  officers'  Mess  House  being 
kept  by  Mabel  Flourish,  whose  name  was  over  the  door.  Quiz's  favourite 
phrase  is  *by  the  God  of  War';  he  marries  Mabel  Flourish. 
7jSgX6f  in. 

^  Possibly  an  engraver's  error  for  1787. 
360 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES   1786 

7062  LET  NO  DRESS  BE  KEPT  IN  MIND 
BUT  THE  DRESS  OF  ROSALIND. 

EtcKd  by  I:  Barlow  [after  Mortimer] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  Febv  25^^  iy86.  by  H:  Humphrey  N*"  51 
New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Rosalind,  dressed  as  a  man  and  holding  a  long  stick  with  a 
knotted  end,  walks  (r.  to  1.)  through  the  forest  of  Arden,  indicated  by  trees, 
and  a  landscape  background.  She  walks  stooping  forward,  her  profile  with 
an  aquiline  nose  and  projecting  chin  gives  her  an  elderly  appearance. 

A  caricature  of  some  actress  in  the  part  of  Rosalind.  She  does  not 
resemble  Miss  Younge  or  Mrs.  Spranger  Barry.  The  date  is  uncertain,  as 
Mortimer  died  4  Feb.  1779.  Perhaps  Mrs.  King  from  York  who  made  her 
first  appearance  at  Drury  Lane  as  Rosalind  on  13  Oct.  1775  'and  was  so 
well  received,  that  Garrick  to  mortify  Miss  Younge  exerted  his  influence 
at  Court  to  have  As  You  like  it  ordered,  and  M*"^  King  was  put  in  the  bills 
as  Rosalind  by  command*.  She  was  at  Drury  Lane  one  season  only,  and 
not  being  successful,  returned  to  York.  Genest,  v.  479. 
9iX7ftin. 

7063  COVENT  GARDEN  THEATRE 
[Rowlandson.] 

Published  July  20,  iy86  by  H.  Brookes,  Coventry  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  theatre  is  apparently  drawn  from 
a  box  on  the  first  tier.  The  1.  corner  of  the  stage  is  shown  with  the  prompter 
and  another  man  standing  in  t]|e  wings.  Almost  half  the  orchestra,  the  pit, 
three  tiers  of  boxes,  and  the  lowest  gallery  are  shown.  Of  the  upper  gallery 
only  the  balustrade  and  the  extreme  corner  are  visible.  On  the  stage  a 
man  in  Roman  costume  addresses  a  lady  in  modern  dress  who  repels  his 
advances ;  she  is  either  singing  or  screaming.  The  house  is  crowded  and 
the  audience  watch  intently.  The  King  and  Queen  are  seated  in  the  royal 
box ;  two  men  and  a  lady  stand  behind  them.  The  figures  are  on  a  small 
scale,  freely  drawn  with  much  expressiveness  and  humour.  A  representa- 
tion of  the  theatre  at  that  date,  drawn  apparently  with  architectural 
correctness. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  192  (reproduction). 
6Jx  15 J  in.   With  border,  9  X 17I  in. 

7064  A  BOX  LOBBY  HERO.   THE  BRANDED  BULLY,  OR  THE 
ASS  STRIP'D  OF  THE  LIONS  SKIN.  [1786^] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Designed  by  Gobbo  and  inscribed  by  Hick — 

Engraving.  A  crowd  of  eleven  amused  spectators  watches  the  punishment 
of  a  bully,  a  tall  man  standing  in  profile  to  the  1.  A  much  shorter  man, 
fashionably  dressed,  his  arms  folded,  spits  in  his  face.  A  man  (r.)  pulls 
his  long  queue  and  kicks  him.  A  fashionably  dressed  young  woman  (1.) 
derisively  holds  out  a  smelling-bottle  towards  him ;  a  stout  woman  holding 

^  So  dated  by  Grego. 
361 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  basket  of  fruit  offers  him  one  of  her  oranges.  A  dog  befouls  his  leg. 
On  each  side  a  laughing  man  watches  the  attack  through  an  eye-glass.  On 
the  wall  is  print  of  an  ass  wearing  a  lion's  skin  inscribed  The  Old  Fable 
Verified. 

Grego,  Rowlandsofiy  i.  190-1. 
92X13  in. 

7065  THE  POLISH  DWARF  PERFORMING  BEFORE  THE  GRAND 
SEIGNIOR. 

Rowlandson  iy86 

Published  March        iy86  by  E  Jackson.  N"  14^  Marylebone  Street 
Golden  Square. 

Engraving.  Boruwlaski  or  Boruslawski  (1.)  plays  the  violin,  he  stands  (1.) 
before  an  immense  Turk  (r.)  seated  on  the  floor,  an  arm  round  each  of  two 
ladies  of  the  harem  who  recline  against  him.  The  Sultan  (Abdul  Hamid) 
smokes  a  long  pipe.  Behind  him  stand  two  fierce-looking  guards.  In  the 
background  three  other  ladies  listen  rapturously  to  the  slim,  erect,  and  well- 
dressed  dwarf,  who  is  in  marked  contrast  with  the  massive  Turk  and  the 
voluptuous  ladies  of  the  seraglio.  A  draped  canopy  completes  the  design. 

For  'Count'  Joseph  Boruwlaski,  1 739-1 837,  see  his  Memoirs^  published 
in  London  in  French  and  English  in  1788,  final  edition  1820.  See  also 
No.  7220  and  B.M.  Cat.  of  Engr.  Br.  Portraits ^  and  a  portrait  (1802)  in 
Kay's  Edinburgh  Portraits ^  i.  326. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  186-7  (reproduction). 
8iXii|in. 

7066  PRIVATE  AMUSEMENT 
[Rowlandson.] 

Published  Janv  J^  iy86  by  S.  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse, 
N°  J,  Piccadilly. 

A  reissue  of  No.  5928  (1781)  with  a  different  title.  Gamblers  at  an  E.O. 
table. 

7067  THE  WAPPING  CONCERT. 
[?  Wigstead.^] 

Published  Feby  28^^  1786,  by  S.W.  Fares,  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse, 
N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Aquatint.  A  concert-room  with  a  boarded  floor  and  low  platform  on  which 
are  the  instrumentalists.  The  vocalist  sits  in  an  armchair  decorated  with 
masonic  symbols;  she  sings,  Oh — Oh — O  de  Roasta  Beef -a  de  charmante 
pudding  O;  she  holds  an  open  music-book,  Oh  the  roast  Beef  of  Old 
England  (Fielding's  famous  song).  The  audience  stand  and  sit  in  the  fore- 
ground (r.  and  1.),  they  are  of  plebeian  appearance.  A  lady  (1.)  asks  her  com- 
panion. Did  she  sing  this  song  at  the  Abbey?  he  answers.  She  never  sung  so 
well  at  the  Abbey  in  her  life.  A  dog  in  the  foreground  watches  the  vocalist. 

*  So  attributed  by  Mr.  Hawkins. 
362 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES   1786 

The  wall  is  decorated  by  candle-sconces  and  a  placard  (r.):  Rules  to  be 
observed  in  this  Meeting.  That  no  Lady  come  into  this  Room  with  pattens. 
That  no  Lady  or  Gent**  call  for  porter  or  punch  during  the  performance.  That 
no  Lady  or  Gentleman  crack  nutSy  whistle  or  talk  during  the  songs.  Strong 
waters  and  other  refreshments  for  the  Ladies  between  the  Acts.  On  the  centre 
of  the  back  wall  is  a  W.L.  portrait  of  a  man  in  masonic  dress  holding  a 
spear.  Besides  the  violinists,  &c.,  one  man  performs  on  a  salt-box,  another 
with  marrow-bone  and  cleaver,  another  puts  a  jew's-harp  to  his  mouth, 
a  fourth  plays  a  bladder  bridge.   Beneath  the  titles  is  engraved : 

Madam  Mary  informs  her  Friends  &  the  Public  in  General^  that  she  has 
opened  her  Winter  Concert  at  the  Hog  in  Armour  Wappingy  in  a  large  Com- 
modious room  belonging  to  the  Free  Masons;  as  she  has  at  a  great  Expence, 

Engaged  the  best  Performers  it  is  needless  to  repeat  how  very  inferior  H r 

S e  [Hanover  Square]  Music  meetings  must  be  to  hers;  after  assuring 

the  Public  Sig^  Bladder  Bridge^  Mynheer  Van  Jews  Trumps  Sig^  Salt  BoXy 
Joe  EvanSy  the  celebrated  Drummer y  with  others  of  equal  note  will  assist  in  the 
bandy  there  can  be  no  doubt  her  Concert  will  be  the  Admiration  of  all  Europe 

Madam  M begs  her  Polite  Audience  will  excuse  her  sitting  during  the 

PerformancCy  as  she  contracted  in  her  infancy  a  Disorder  called  Le  Genoue 
Inflexible y  or  {Stiff  Knee)  which  prevents  her  Standing y  even  in  the  most  Sacred 
Pieces  of  Music — her  Enemies  call  it  Pride,  but  must  appear  only  MalicCy 
when  she  could  notrise  before  their  Majesties;  or  at  the  Sacred  Name  of 
Jehovah. 

This  satire  on  Madame  Mara  (1749- 183  3)  is  mentioned  by  Grove,  Diet, 
of  Music :  she  seems  never  to  have  completely  recovered  from  the  rickets 
of  her  childhood,  and  writes  that  she  was  unable  to  sit  on  a  platform 
throughout  a  concert  'owing  to  the  heat  and  fatigue'.  John  Taylor  states 
that  when  singing  in  concerts  at  Oxford  she  sat  during  the  choruses  *as 
was  the  custom  with  superior  singers  on  the  Continent.  The  audience 
were  offended  and  the  reverend  heads  of  the  colleges  abruptly  dismissed 
her.'  Records  of  My  Life,  1832,  ii.  loo-i.  She  sang  at  the  Handel  Com- 
memoration in  Westminster  Abbey  in  1784  and  1785,  and  in  1786  made 
her  first  appearance  on  the  London  stage,  see  No.  7056. 
8f  X12J  in. 


7068  THREE  TICKETS  OF  ADMISSION  TO  SIR  W.  W.  WYNNE'S 
THEATRE  AT  WYNNSTAY 

Publishd  Feby  i  iy86  by  I.  Sewell  Cornhill 

Engraving.   From  the  European  Magazine,  ix.  71.   Three  designs  on  one 
plate : 

[1]  H.  Bunbury  Esq*'  del. 

Punch  (1.)  points  to  a  large  butt  or  tun  inscribed  WYNNSTA  F,  from  the 
top  of  which  hang  comic  masks  which  encircle  its  upper  circumference ; 
in  his  r.  hand  is  a  stick  with  an  ass's  head.  On  the  r.  side  of  the  butt  are 
three  figures:  Mother  Shipton,  humpbacked  with  a  profile  like  Punch's; 
a  demon  or  satyr,  who  looks  from  behind  the  cask;  and  a  small  man  or 
boy,  perhaps  Tom  Thumb. 
2jX4f  in. 

363 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

[2]  View  of  the  Theatre  at  Wynnstay. 

I.  Evans  Esq^  del 

A  view  of  the  theatre  is  framed  by  a  curtain  held  up  (1.)  by  Comedy  and  r. 

by  Tragedy.  The  fa9ade  has  the  date  iy82. 

The  theatre  was  built  in  1782  by  John  Evans,  Esq.  European  Magazine y 
xii.  363. 
2|X4|in. 

[3]  Wynnstay. 
H.  Bunbury  Esq^  del. 

Amateur  actors  and  actresses  dance  in  a  circle  round  a  high  pedestal  sup- 
porting a  bust  of  ( })  Shakespeare.  They  include  a  Falstaff  leering  at  a 
lady  in  Elizabethan  dress,  a  man  wearing  a  tall  leek  in  his  hat  ( ?  Fluellen), 
and  a  French  military  officer  with  long  queue  and  cavalier's  boots. 

For  Bunbury  and  Wynnstay  theatricals  see  letter  in  Anderdon  Bequest 
iii,  No.  67  (Print  Room),  with  another  Wynnstay  Theatre  ticket  engraved 
by  Walker,  after  Bunbury,  from  the  European  Magazine^  xii.  363  (Nov. 
1787):  Published  by  J.  Sewell,  Cornhill  iy86.  See  also  No.  7069.  Wynn- 
stay was  the  seat  of  Sir  W.  W.  Wynn,  the  leading  squire  of  N.  Wales. 
For  private  theatricals  cf.  No.  7215. 
3iX4f  in.    PI.  9|X5^in.  Burney  Coll. 


7069  WYNNSTAY  THEATRE  [i  June  1786] 

[After  Bunbury.]  European  Mag. 
Published  by  J.  SewelU  Cornhill  1786. 

Engraving.  From  the  European  Magazine^  ix.  379.  Two  designs  for  tickets 
of  admission  on  one  plate,  the  title  engraved  between  them, 
[i]  Design  in  a  circle.  A  woman,  representing  Tragedy,  and  a  man  dressed 
as  Pierrot,  representing  Comedy,  sit  against  two  adjacent  sides  of  a 
rectangular  block  which  supports  an  urn.  Tragedy  holds  a  paper  inscribed 
Richard  III  and  Lyar.  On  the  masonry  behind  her  is  an  oval  inscribed 
[Tues'\dayy  [Thur]sdayy  [Satu]rday.  Comedy  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Rule 
a  Wife  and  Have  a  Wife  and  Bon  Ton ;  his  back  partly  obscures  the  words 
Mon[day]y  Wed[nesday],  Fri[day].  Beside  Tragedy  is  a  weeping  willow, 
beside  Comedy  a  table  with  decanter  and  glass. 
3fX3iin. 

[2]  A  man  wearing  a  large  leek  in  his  hat  stands  in  a  mountainous  landscape 
under  a  signpost  pointing  To  Wynnstay.  He  holds  out  papers  in  each  hand 
inscribed:  (1.)  Constant  Couple  and  Spanish  Barber;  (r.)  Cymbeline  and  The 
Devil  upon  two  Sticks.  From  the  pockets  of  his  old-fashioned  full-skirted 
coat  other  papers  project.  On  the  r.  is  a  goat.  See  No.  7068. 
3x3!  in. 


7069  A  An  etching,  perhaps  by  Bunbury,  which  appears  to  be  a  pre- 
liminary design,  in  reverse,  for  7069  [2].  The  inscriptions  are  the  same. 
6fX5jin. 

364 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    I786 

7070  A  ROGUE  IN  GRAIN.  [i  Jan   1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine,  Christopher  Atkinson  in  the 
pillory,  see  No.  6838,  &c.  He  stands  on  a  circular  platform,  his  head  and 
hands  resting  on  the  lower  edge  of  a  pillory,  the  upper  being  raised. 
Constables  holding  staves  surround  the  platform.  The  background  is  part 
of  the  pillared  portico  of  the  Corn  Exch[ange]. 

The  title  probably  derives  from  an  epigram  on  the  two  (unconnected) 
Atkinsons,  Richard,  *the  minor  Kinson'  of  The  Rolliad^  see  No.  5972,  and 
Christopher : 

To  rob  the  Public  two  contractors  come, 
One  cheats  in  Corn,  the  other  cheats  in  Rum. 
Which  is  the  greater,  if  you  can  explain, 
A  Rogue  in  Spirit,  or  a  Rogue  in  Grain } 

Asylum  for  fugitive  Pieces,  i,  1785,  p.  76. 

7071  HE  THAT  DEBASETH  HIMSELF  SHALL  BE  EXALTED. 
Drawn  from  an  Origenal  in  Possession  of  the  Sheriffs — Old  Palace  Yard 

Pu¥  Nov''  24  iy86  by  S,  W.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse  N"*  3 
Piccadi[lly] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  standing  in  the  1.  half  of  a 
pillory,  his  head  and  hands  tightly  confined.  He  wears  plain,  well-fitting 
clothes  with  top-boots.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched,  E'^  Axxxxt  Standing 
on  the  Pillory  pursuant  to  his  Sentence  for  mllful  and  Corrupt  Puriury. 

Aylett,  pilloried  21  Nov.  1786,  was  an  attorney,  who  to  evade  punishment 
had  'tried  all  the  subterfuges  of  the  law  .  .  .  and  had  even  carried  his 
infamous  cause  to  the  House  of  Peers.  .  .  .  Had  he  been  exposed  un- 
protected he  would  have  been  torn  to  pieces  by  the  populace;  but  the 
sheriffs  did  their  duty.'  Gent.  Mag.,  1786,  ii.  992.  'His  head  and  hands 
were  completely  locked  down,  according  to  the  true  intention  of  the  law.* 
European  Mag.  x.  468  (often  relaxed,  cf.  No.  6839).  ^^^  N^-  7072. 
8  X  7  in. 

7072  MR  AYLETT, 

Drawn  &  Etched  by  the  Person  who  had  permission  to  stand  next  the 
Pillory. 

Pu¥  Nov  24.  iy86  by  W.  Lewis  N°  15  Great  Newport  Street. 

Engraving.    Aylett  stands  in  the  pillory,  looking  downwards.   A  realistic 
representation,  not  caricatured.    See  No.  7071. 
11^X8^  in. 

7073  I  LOOK  UP  THE  LANE  &  DOWN  THE  LANE  .  . . 

Bradley  {inifj  Shoe  Lane  {Sculps)  iy86 

Engraving.  W.L.  caricature  portrait  of  a  very  stout  man,  his  legs  astride, 
his  hands  in  his  breeches  pockets.  He  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  1., 
smiling.  He  wears  a  spotted  scarf  knotted  round  his  very  thick  neck ;  his 

365 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

shoes  are  unlatched.  Words  are  inscribed  on  the  ground  at  his  feet: 
to  the  Baker  (1.);  to  the  Pork  Shop  (centre);  to  the  Brokers.  The  title 
continues :  Clever  all  the  Way  as  far  as  the  Hatters  at  one  End  down  to  the 
Tallow  Chandlers  in  the  Middle.  I  am  always  a  Gossiping  as  my  Wife  tells  me. 
Probably  a  tradesman  called  Bradley  living  in  Shoe  Lane. 

7|X5|in.(pl.). 

7074  PARMASAN  CHEESE 

Puh  July  22  iy86  by  S  W  Fores  at  the  caricature  warehouse  no  j 
Piccadilly. 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  tall  thin  woman  walks  in  profile  to  the  r., 
her  hands  in  a  very  small  muff;  her  height  from  waist  to  feet  is  much 
exaggerated.  Her  flat  chest,  straight  petticoat,  and  small  muff  are  in 
marked  contrast  to  the  inflated  contour  produced  by  the  fashionable 
appendages  to  women's  dress  at  this  date.  See  Nos.  6874,  7099»  &c. 
In  the  background  are  trees,  and  a  church  (r.). 
8|X7in. 

7075  THE  NOBLE  HIGGLERS.  [i  Feb.  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  Four  figures  in  a  landscape, 
a  road  leading  (1.)  to  a  country  house  and  (r.)  to  a  farm  or  lodge.  A  judge  (1.) 
carries  a  pair  of  milk-pails  on  a  yoke;  a  man  with  a  basket  on  his  arm 
containing  a  ( })  pig  holds  up  the  end  of  his  long  robe.  On  the  r.  a  man 
wearing  a  ribbon  and  star  holds  on  his  head  a  wicker  basket  containing 
poultry ;  he  leads  a  pig.  Behind  them  a  fourth  man  holds  a  ( ?)  book  under 
his  arm. 

Illustration  to  a  letter  on  two  peers  (one  evidently  Mansfield),  at 
Highgate  who  sell  dairy-produce,  &c.,  suggesting  that  they  should  be 
liable  to  the  shop  tax  (see  No.  6798,  &c.).  The  fashion  for  farming  was 
becoming  increasingly  prevalent,  led  by  Arthur  Young  and  the  King, 
cf.  No.  6918,  &c.  The  Annals  of  Agriculture  began  in  1784. 
six 6  in. 

7076  THE  BRIGHTON  TAYLOR  LEAVING  HIS  LAST  PLACE  OF 
BUSINESS.  [i  Feb.  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  interior  of  a  lofty  prison, 
with  barred  windows;  a  large  door  is  open  on  the  1.  A  young  man  is 
prevented  from  going  through  the  door  by  a  number  of  women,  who 
cling  to  him.  A  woman  with  keys  at  her  waist  clasps  her  hands  beseechingly; 
a  woman  with  a  ragged  apron  stands  beside  her. 

He  is  John  Motherill,  committed  to  Horsham  gaol  on  charges  of  rape 
at  Brighton,  cf.  No.  6942,  &c. 
5fX3fin. 

7077  THE  USEFUL  GIANTS.  [i  Mar.  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  A  building  is  on  fire.  In  the 
foreground  are  the  two  figures  from  the  Guildhall,  Gog  and  Magog. 
One  (1.)  carries  off  on  his  back  a  lottery-wheel  inscribed  G.R. ;  the  other  (r.), 

366 


PERSONAL  AND   SOCIAL    SATIRES    1786 

like  Gulliver,  directs  a  stream  on  the  burning  building.  In  the  middle 
distance  a  fireman  standing  by  his  engine  directs  a  jet  of  water  at  the 
building.  Two  men  stand  admiringly  beside  the  giants. 

On  7  Feb.  1786  the  Chamberlain's  Office  at  the  Guildhall  was  destroyed 
by  fire. 
5fX3fin. 

7078  A  NEW  WAY  OF  PRESERVING  HEALTH  &  BEAUTY. 

[i  July  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine,  The  interior  of  a  room  in  the 
floor  of  which  are  rectangular  pits.  In  three  of  these  naked  ladies  stand  or 
sit,  one  wearing  a  large  hat.  A  representation  of  James  Graham's  earth- 
bathing  establishment.  The  doctor  himself  (see  No.  6324),  fashionably 
dressed,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  on  a  mound  of  earth,  beside  which 
stands  an  assistant  with  a  spade.  A  lady  stands  in  the  foreground  (r.) 
without  her  upper  petticoat,  showing  the  inflated  'derriere'  which  gave 
the  fashionable  figure,  see  No.  6874,  &c.  A  similar  contrivance  is  on  the 
floor.  In  the  back  wall  three  sash  windows,  with  oval  mirrors  between 
them,  indicate  the  luxury  of  the  establishment.  The  heads  of  interested 
spectators  are  seen  through  two  of  the  windows. 

Graham  described  his  earth-bathing  in  *A  Short  Treatise  on  the  All- 
cleaning,  AU-heaUng,  and  All-invigorating  Qualities  of  the  Simple  Earth\ 
1790. 

3fX5iin. 

7079  THE  COMPULSIVE  WEDDING.  [i  Dec.  1786] 

Engraving.  Rambler's  Magazine /iv.^o'^.  A  stout  parson  stands  behind  a 
balustrade  in  a  Georgian  church  marrying  a  couple  who  stand  before  him, 
facing  each  other  in  profile:  a  pregnant  woman  (1.)  and  a  yokel,  who 
holds  her  finger,  but  scratches  his  head  as  if  reluctant  to  put  on  the 
ring.  A  constable  (his  staff  in  his  coat-pocket)  stands  behind  him,  holding 
a  rope  which  is  round  the  bridegroom's  waist.  Two  other  men  stand  on 
the  raised  step  before  the  rails.  Behind  is  the  Decalogue,  heavily  framed. 
Such  forced  marriages,  under  pressure  from  parish  officers,  were  not 
uncommon. 

B.M.L.  P.C. 
5igX3iin. 

7080  STREET  WALKERS 

RST  Etc¥  by  B.  Smith 

Published  April  28  iy86  by  B  Smith  N°  10  Pleasant  Row  Battle  Bridge 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  A  fashionably  dressed  man  (r.)  walking  from 
Bond  Street  into  Piccadilly  and  a  fashionably  dressed  woman  (1.),  apparently 
a  courtesan,  stare  fixedly  at  each  other.  He  walks  in  profile  to  the  1.  and 
resembles  George  Hanger:  he  holds  a  large  tasselled  bludgeon  under  his 
1.  arm.  He  wears  a  high  cocked  hat  with  a  feather  and  cockade  and  spurred 
top-boots.  The  woman  wears  a  large  feathered  hat  and  holds  a  muff;  her 
petticoats  project  at  the  back  (cf.  No.  6874,  &c.)  and  show  her  ankles. 
Behind  the  figures  is  the  lower  part  of  the  corner  shop  at  the  SW.  of 

367 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Bond  Street,  the  Piccadilly  window  inscribed  .  .  .  Roll  Maker ^  the  Bond 
Street  window,  Paym  .  .  .  dge  Roll  (the  omitted  words  being  obscured  by 
the  hats  of  the  two  walkers).  From  the  former  window-ledge  hangs  a 
pair  of  breeches.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  low  shed  or  bulk  against  the  wall 
of  the  shop,  which  is  inscribed  Shoes  Men[ded] ;  a  man  sits  within.  The 
names  of  the  streets,  Piccadilly y  Bondstreet,  are  inscribed  on  the  corner  of 
the  building.  The  shop  is  now  that  of  Stewart  and  Co.  (50  Old  Bond 
Street),  and  claims  to  be  the  original  shop  (selling  Uxbridge  rolls)  estab- 
lished in  1688. 
iiX7|in. 

7081  A  FRUIT  SHOP  LOUNGE 
A:G Del^et  Sculf 

Published  May  22*^^  lySOy  by  S.  W,  ForeSy  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse 
N"  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  Five  persons 
arranged  round  a  rectangular  table,  the  drawing  of  which  is  curiously 
faulty.  An  officer  in  regimentals,  seated  in  back  view,  holding  the  Morning 
Heraldy  turns  his  head  in  profile  towards  a  young  woman  seated  on  his  1. 
who  wears  a  broad-brimmed  hat.  On  the  r.  of  the  table  a  stout,  plainly 
dressed  citizen  is  seated  in  profile,  with  a  crutch  under  his  arm,  looking 
gloomily  at  the  bill  before  him: 


D'to 

s.  d. 

One  Apple     . 

2  0 

A  Peach 

•       5  6 

A  Bunch  of  Grapes. 

.     18  6 

A  Glass  of  Water   ' 

I  0. 

He  is  on  a  larger  scale  than  the  other  figures.  Two  persons  stand  on 
the  farther  side  of  the  table:  a  fashionably  dressed  man  in  profile  to  the  1., 
who  gazes  at  a  woman  holding  a  large  muff^,  her  back  reflected  in  a  wall- 
mirror.  On  a  shelf  (r.)  are  a  bottle  of  Eau  de  Cologne y  and  two  covered 
pots  inscribed  Parfait  Amour  and  Ratafia. 

The  best-known  'fruit  shop  lounge'  was  Betty's  in  St.  James'  Street, 
see  No.  6307 ;  Kelsey's  was  also  famous. 
9f  X12J  in. 

7082  FULL  AND  HALF-PAY  OFFICERS 
Drawn  by  Uncle  Tobyy  and  Etched  by  Corporal  Trim. 

Published  r*  March  1786,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caricature  Ware- 
house N°  Jy  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  coff'ee-room.  Three  disabled  and  plainly 
dressed  officers  stand  on  the  1.  and  in  the  centre.  On  the  r.  a  very  thin 
officer  dressed  with  excessive  foppishness,  and  wearing  an  abnormally  long 
queue  and  high  cocked  hat  (perhaps  intended  for  a  Frenchman)  stands 
addressing  two  seated  officers  whose  heads  are  visible  over  the  back  of 
the  seat,  or  box.  Two  half-pay  officers  stand  in  conversation  in  the  centre 
of  the  design:  one  (1.)  has  a  wooden  leg,  his  eye  is  bandaged;  the  r.  sleeve 

368 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    I786 

of  the  Other  is  empty.  A  third  enters  from  the  1.,  he  has  a  wooden  leg, 
his  r.  arm  is  in  a  sling.  A  small  boy  wearing  a  plumed  helmet,  a  toy 
musket  across  his  shoulder,  marches  off  to  the  1.  followed  by  a  dog  with  a 
wooden  leg,  his  collar  inscribed  Old  Soldier.  On  the  opposite  side  (r.) 
a  curled  lap-dog  sits  on  The  Army  Listy  which  is  upon  a  seat  next  two 
wine-bottles ;  he  wears  a  cockade  and  a  bow  inscribed  Pug  of  y'  Guards. 
Behind  her  customers  are  the  head  and  shoulders  of  a  good-looking  woman, 
seated  in  the  bar,  a  punch-bowl  and  glasses  on  the  counter  before  her. 
A  waiter  takes  a  tray  of  tea-things  to  a  seated  officer  (1.).  A  wall-clock  (1.) 
points  to  1.25.  A  punch-bowl,  bottles,  and  glasses  are  ranged  on  two 
shelves  on  the  r.  On  the  wall  is  inscribed  ^'The  Military  Coffee  RoorrC\ 

Beneath  the  design  is  engraved:  Published  according  to  the  Articles  of 
War^  and  dedicated  in  a  Soldierlike  manner  by  the  line  of  point  blank  & 
recouche  firing  to  the  Widow  Wadman. 

''How  many  Men 
Have  spent  their  blood  in  their  dear  Country^ s  Service y 
Yety  now,  pine  under  want,  while  selfish  SlaveSy 
That  e'en  would  cut  their  throats  whom  now  they  fawn  on, 
Like  deadly  locusts  eat  the  honey  up 

Which  those  industrious  bees  so  hardly  toil' d  for.'*  Otway. 

Cf.  No.  6170  on  the  same  subject. 
ioJXi6|in. 


7083  THE  MISER'S  FEAST. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  6'*  iy86.  by  W.  Holland  N''  66  Drury  Lane  London, 

Aquatint.  The  miser,  in  patched  dressing-gown  and  cap,  is  seated  in  an 
armchair  at  a  circular  table.  Facing  him,  on  the  extreme  r..  Death,  as  a 
manservant,  stands  stiffly  erect,  holding  a  plate  on  which  is  a  bone ;  he  is 
an  emaciated  and  naked  man,  with  a  skull-like  head.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a 
spear  which  he  conceals  behind  his  back;  under  his  1.  arm  is  a  napkin. 
On  the  miser's  table  is  the  rind  of  half  a  cheese;  on  the  prong  of  his 
broken  fork  is  a  fragment  of  food.  He  turns  round  towards  the  door  (1.), 
which  Famine  holds  open  to  admit  a  fashionably  dressed  prostitute, 
followed  by  a  burly,  meretricious-looking  woman  carrying  a  man's  coat, 
shoes,  and  sword.  The  former  holds  a  book,  W[oma]n  of  Ple[as]urey  and 
a  watch  and  seals.  They  bring  professional  plunder  to  the  miser,  who 
appears  to  be  a  receiver  of  stolen  goods.  Famine  is  a  corpse-like  creature 
wearing  a  large  hat  on  her  head  which  is  bandaged  like  that  of  a  corpse. 
Her  horrible  and  naked  torso  dwindles  to  a  point  at  the  waist,  where  it 
meets  petticoats  having  a  semblance  of  the  fashionable  contour  (see 
No.  6874,  &c.).  The  room  and  its  contents  indicate  squalor  and  hoarded 
wealth.  A  casement  window  has  been  blocked  up  (to  escape  the  window- 
tax,  cf.  No.  6630,  &c.)  but  the  cracked  plaster  shows  a  few  diamond-shaped 
panes.  Pinned  up  beside  it  is  a  List  of  new  Taxes.  The  fireplace  is  blocked 
up  with  a  picture  of  the  Crucifixion,  partly  concealed  by  the  table.  On 
the  chimney-piece  are  a  headless  statuette,  tea-things,  and  a  chamber-pot. 
Above  it  is  a  picture  of  the  Good  Samaritan.  A  padlocked  cupboard,  and 
a  padlocked  chest  on  which  bulky  money-bags  are  ranged,  show  the 
miser's  wealth.   In  the  foreground  are  two  other  chests  on  one  of  which 

369  B  b 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Stands  an  emaciated  cat,  miaowing  for  the  bone  on  the  plate  held  by  Death. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

With  mouldering  viands  is  his  cubboard  stor'df 
And  scanty  supplements  overspread  the  board. 
What  else  can  follow,  but  destructive  fate, 
When  Famine  holds  the  cup,  &  Death  the  plate? 

Supple 

Said  by  E.  Hawkins  (M.S.  index)  to  relate  to  *Lady  Strathmore,  &c.' 
See  No.  701 1,  &c.  The  manner  resembles  that  of  No.  7084.  In  its  macabre 
character  it  resembles  No.  6699 
lojx  14  in. 

7084  "THIS  IS  A  SORRY  SIGHT!"— MACBETH— SCENE, 

A  LODGING  IN  BOND  STREET.  [?c.  1786] 

[Gillray.] 

Aquatint.  A  haggard-looking  man  is  seated  in  profile  to  the  1.  in  an  arm- 
chair beside  a  small  table  on  which  are  two  candles  (which  light  the  room), 
a  medicine  phial,  &c.,  and  his  breeches.  He  wears  shirt,  night-cap, 
ungartered  stockings,  and  slippers.  He  regards  his  hands  with  an  expres- 
sion of  intense  melancholy.  The  room  and  its  contents  show  that  he  is  a 
fashionable  rake  struck  down  by  disease.  A  fire  burns  in  the  grate;  on 
the  chimney-piece  (1.)  is  a  clock  surmounted  by  a  figure  of  Time  as  a 
winged  skeleton  with  a  scythe.  Above  is  a  picture,  the  r.  part  alone 
visible ;  it  is  a  free  rendering  of  pi.  iiiof  Hogarth's  Rakers  Progress  (No.  2188) 
showing  the  ballad-singer  bawling  the  Black  Joke.  The  frame  of  another 
picture  is  inscribed  Macies  et  nova  febrium :  Pandora  kneels  holding  open 
a  box  inscribed  Pandora  into  which  Mercury  (cf.  No.  7592)  drops  a 
black  spot.  Above  this  is  a  tailless  bird  in  a  cage.  A  sash-window  with  a 
festooned  curtain  is  partly  shuttered.  On  the  wall  (r.)  is  a  large  hat, 
a  sword-belt,  scabbard,  and  broken  sword,  and  a  pair  of  pistols.  Below  is 
a  close-stool;  torn  papers  lie  on  the  floor,  with  a  torn  book:  Fashionable 
Cypriad.  In  the  foreground  is  a  dog.  The  floor  is  carpeted.  Beneath  the 
table  is  engraved : 

"ATow  vanae  redeat  Sanguis  imagini, 
"Quam  virgd  semel  horridd 
"Nigro  compulerit  Mercurius  gregt." 

In  manner  and  intention  the  print  resembles  No.  7083. 
9^Xi2jin. 

7085  FAILLE  D'AVOINE,— FAILLE  D'AVOINE. 
Drawn  by  Sarn^  Egerton  Leigh  Esq^  [Gillray  f.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  10*^  iy86.  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  old  Frenchwoman 
walks  in  profile  to  the  r.  carrying  a  large  sack  attached  to  her  back  by 
a  strap  across  her  breast.   She  wears  sabots ;  on  her  chin  is  a  tuft  of  hair. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  83.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  372. 
8|x6/gin.(pl.). 

370 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

7086  DOMESTIC  SHAVING 
Designed  by  T  Rowlandson 

London  Publish' d  August  2 1'^  iy86 :  by  J.  R.  Smith,  N^  83 :  Oxford  Street 

Stipple.  A  stout  elderly  man  (1.)  seated  in  a  chair  shaves  himself,  while 
a  pretty  young  woman  (r.)  stands  before  him  holding  up  a  hand-mirror. 
A  little  girl  is  seated  in  a  child's  chair  beside  her  father,  she  watches  a 
cat  and  kitten  at  her  feet. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  258. 
9iX7ftin. 

7087  [TAVERN  SCENE]  [}  c.  1786] 
[After  Rowlandson.] 

Stipple.  No  date  or  title.  Two  courtesans  sit  on  the  knees  of  two  men : 
one  (1.)  a  sailor,  with  a  young  and  pretty  girl;  the  other  (r.),  an  elderly 
man,  drinks  with  a  fat  woman.  A  man  plays  the  fiddle.  A  morose-looking 
man  seated  at  a  table  (r.)  is  smoking  and  drinking.  A  stout  woman  looks 
angrily  at  the  sailor  and  his  young  woman,  raising  her  fist.  A  dog  sits 
beside  them.   The  drawing  is  slight  and  very  expressive. 

Reproduced,  C.  Veth,  Comic  Art  in  England,  p.  54. 
4iX7iin.  P1.7iX9i. 

7088  COMFORT   &   RELIEF   OFTEN   FOUND    IN   RELATING 
ONE'S  COMPLAINTS 

MATinta  [?  Rowlandson.] 

Published  20  Ocr  iy86  by  E  Jackson  Mary  le  bone  Street  Golden  Square' 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  An  elderly  invalid  sits  in  an  armchair, 
his  gouty  legs  swathed,  a  shawl  over  his  head,  a  pair  of  bands  shows  that 
he  is  a  parson.  He  turns  to  his  visitor,  an  elderly  lady  seated  next  him 
in  a  similar  armchair,  wearing  a  hooded  cloak  over  her  cap,  and  holding 
a  muff.  Both  talk  emphatically,  their  faces  and  gestures  rendering  the 
subject  very  expressively.  An  elderly  footman  (1.)  hands  two  glasses  of 
wine  on  a  salver.  Beside  the  host  is  a  circular  table  with  a  bowl ;  behind 
the  armchairs  is  a  folding  screen.  Two  windows,  an  oval  mirror,  a  chair 
and  low  circular  table  (1.)  complete  the  design.  In  the  manner  of  a  pen 
drawing.  An  additional  title,  *How  d'ye  do?',  has  been  added  in  pen. 
5X81  in. 

7089  THE  DUEL,  OR  SIR  DICKY  DAB  THRO*  AND  THRO'  THE 
CAPTAIN. 

[?Edy.] 

Pu¥  by  S  W  Fores  Jan^.  the  20  iy86^  at  the  caricature  ware-house 
n°  3  Piccadilly. 

Aquatint.  A  short  stout  man  (r.)  transfixes  with  his  sword  a  taller  and 
thinner  man  (r.)  wearing  a  military  hat ;  more  than  half  his  sword-blade 

^  On  it  is  written  in  an  old  hand  *6^    Nov*^  1786*. 
*  7  appears  to  have  been  etched  over  the  6. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

projects  through  the  back  of  his  antagonist.  The  captain's  sword  has 
pierced  the  high  back  of  his  opponent's  three-cornered  hat.  In  the  middle 
distance  on  the  extreme  1.  and  r.  are  the  seconds,  and  (r.)  two  surgeons. 
One  second  (1.)  is  seated  on  the  branch  of  a  tree,  one  pistol  in  his  hand, 
the  other  at  his  feet.  The  other  stands,  with  an  expression  of  horror; 
a  pair  of  pistols  is  on  the  ground.  The  surgeons  stand  by  an  open  box  of 
implements  containing  a  saw,  &c.  They  hold  other  implements  and  look 
round  witli  expressions  of  concern.  Trees  and  foliage  complete  the 
design, 
iifxiyf  in. 


7090  THE  PUTNEY  DISASTER.  OR  SYMPTOMS  OF  DUCKING. 
[?Edy.] 

Pu¥  hy  SW  Fores  October  20  ly 86  at  the  caricature  warehouse  no  3 
Piccadilly. 

Aquatint.  A  cart  has  been  upset  into  the  river  close  to  Putney  Bridge. 
The  head  and  shoulders  of  a  stout  man,  one  hand  raised  sanctimoniously, 
emerge  from  the  water;  his  fat  wife  falls  head-foremost  on  his  back,  her 
legs  much  displayed;  she  clutches  the  queue  of  his  wig.  The  horse  (1.) 
stands  quietly  in  the  water  behind  the  cart  (r.)  which  is  tilted  into  the 
water  at  a  steep  angle.  In  the  background  is  Putney  Bridge  (1.)  and  the 
tower  of  Fulham  or  Putney  church  (r.). 

According  to  Angelo,  this  caricature,  by  Edy,  a  clergyman,  ^recorded 
the  upsetting  of  the  gig  of  a  well-known,  pious,  fat,  fellow  labourer 
in  the  vineyard,  and  his  no  less  enbonpoint  spouse'.   Reminiscences ^  1904, 

i-  331- 
Sixisfin. 


7090  a  a  coloured  impression,  the  date  altered  to  Jan^  20  lySjy  in 
'Caricatures',  iv.  52. 

7091  [THE  PUTNEY  DISASTER  OR  SYMPTOMS  OF  DUCKING 
ON  THE  21ST  OF  AUGT  1786] 

[?Edy.] 

Pen  and  wash,  coloured.  The  couple  of  No.  7090  walk  from  the  water, 
his  r.  arm  round  her  waist,  she  holds  the  queue  of  his  wig,  which  is 
thus  pulled  from  his  head.  The  horse  stands  in  the  shallow  water,  into 
which  the  cart  tilts  as  in  No.  7090.  Behind  is  Putney  Bridge,  with  a 
church  ( }  Fulham)  at  the  1.  end  of  the  Bridge,  the  r.  end  being  cut  off. 
The  man  and  woman,  though  resembling  the  couple  of  No.  7090,  are 
much  less  broadly  caricatured,  and  the  woman  is  not  stout.  The  title 
is  written  in  pencil  on  the  margin.  Probably  a  design  for  an  aquatint. 
The  drawing  is  very  free  and  has  some  resemblance  to  the  manner  of 
Rowlandson. 
8JX13  in. 

372 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

7092  THE  JOVIAL  CREW. 

London,  Published  Octob''  i'^  iy86  by  S,  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caricature 
Warehouse  N°  3  Piccaddilly. 

Aquatint.  Two  men  and  a  boy  are  on  the  deck  of  a  small  sailing-vessel, 
part  of  a  sail  appearing  above  their  heads  (1.).  The  men  wear  round  hats 
and  short  trousers;  one  (1.)  sits  on  a  barrel  smoking  a  long  pipe,  a  tankard 
beside  him ;  the  other  stands  with  a  cane  under  his  arm,  his  r.  hand  on  his 
hips.  The  boy  (r.),  who  wears  long  trousers,  sits  on  a  coil  of  rope  holding 
a  punch-bowl.  He  is  perhaps  a  negro, 
iijx  loj  in. 

7093  THE  MASTIFF,  A  MORAL  TALE. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  March  18^^  iy86.  [by  E.  Tringham  No. 
36,  Hosier-Lane,  West-Smithfield] 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Illustration  to  a  set  of  verses,  printed  in 
four  columns  beneath  the  plate,  from  which  the  publisher's  name  is  taken. 
A  young  woman  rides  (r.  to  1.)  on  the  back  of  a  large  mastiff,  in  a  well- 
furnished  room.  A  mirror  in  a  carved  framed  is  on  the  wall;  a  H.L. 
portrait  is  partly  visible  on  the  extreme  1.   A  chair  (r.)  is  overturned. 

The  verses  relate  that  the  'Squire,  called  away  on  business,  sent  a 
message  to  his  wife  by  his  servant,  ordering  her  to  stay  at  home,  "Nor  see 
the  Captain  till  I  come".  The  servant,  fearing  strife  and  knowing  that 
his  master  had  no  occasion  for  jealousy,  altered  the  message  to  one 
begging  her  not  to  ride  the  mastiff.  She  accordingly  rode  the  dog,  was 
thrown,  hurt,  and  furious  with  her  husband.  The  servant  points  the  moral  : 

Sir,  had  I  charg'd  her  in  your  name. 
To  shun  the  Captain  e'er  you  came. 
Doubtless  the  case  had  been  the  same ; 
Her  forehead  broke — your  brow  secures, 
Or  else  the  kriobs  had  been  on  your's. 

The  verses  plagiarize  those  of  Whitehead,  see  No.  6746. 
Oval,  7i6X8|  in.   Broadside,  18  X  11 J  in. 

7094  CITY  COURTSHIP. 
1785 

Publish' djany  i^^  1786,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse, 
N''  3,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  A  young  couple  sit  side  by  side  taking  tea ;  the  hostess,  probably 
the  mother  of  the  young  woman,  is  seated  at  a  small  rectangular  table 
filling  a  tea-pot  from  an  urn.  A  footman  holds  a  salver  to  a  man  who 
helps  himself  to  sugar,  probably  the  father  of  the  younger  man.  He  sits 
on  the  r.  of  his  host,  a  gouty  invalid  in  dressing-gown  and  nightcap,  who 
is  seated  in  an  armchair  on  the  extreme  r.  A  dog  sits  beside  the  tea-table. 
The  manner  is  an  imitation  of  that  of  Rowlandson,  the  tone  being 
rendered  by  lines  and  dots ;  in  other  respects  it  resembles  that  of  No.  5455. 
TigXiiiin. 

373 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7095  GREENWICH-PARK. 

Publish' d  Ap^  14,  iy86  by  C.  Sheppard,  N"  19  Lambeth  Hilly  Doctors 
Commons. 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  crude  view  of  Greenwich  Hill,  with  the 
Observatory  (r.);  groups  of  holiday-makers,  holding  hands,  run  down  the 
hill,  which  is  steep,  and  appears  to  be  terraced.  Others  dance  in  circles. 
In  the  foreground  a  sailor  and  a  young  woman  dance,  while  a  smartly 
dressed  soldier,  with  a  wooden  leg  and  a  patch  on  one  eye,  plays  the  fiddle. 
Beneath  the  design  four  verses  are  engraved,  beginning : 


When  merry  bells,  the  merry  time. 
Of  Holy  days  declare, 
What  place  for  sport,  and  pastime. 
With  Greenwich  can  compare. 

Cf.  No.  31 1 1,  also  a  print  of  apprentices  and  young  women  merry- 
making on  Greenwich  Hill. 

Reproduced,  C.  N.  Robinson,  The  British  Tar  in  Fact  and  Fiction,  1909, 
P-  378. 
Oval,  SJX  61^6  in.  PL  lo^X  6|  in. 

7096  VOYAGE  TO  MARGATE 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Printed  &  Published  by  W.  Hinton  N°  5  Sweetings  Alley  Royal 
Exchange  Jan^  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  stern  of  one  of  the  hoys  from 
London  to  Margate,  with  passengers  suffering  from  the  effects  of  a  fresh 
breeze.  The  steersman,  leaning  against  the  tiller,  holds  up  a  mug  of 
frothing  beer.  The  eight  passengers  are  in  various  stages  of  distress  and 
sea-sickness,  except  for  a  naval  officer  with  a  wooden  leg  who  holds  his 
wife's  forehead  and  pours  the  contents  of  a  bottle  on  her  head;  a  sailor 
boy  proffers  a  bucket  to  this  couple.  A  man's  hat  and  wig  blow  overboard, 
as  does  a  young  woman's  large  hat.  Margate  was  the  great  resort  of  the 
'cits':  by  1766  it  had  the  reputation  of  a  plebeian  watering-place,  cf.  Nos. 
5049,  6758,  &c. 
8iXi3jin. 

7097  FLORIO. 

VA.^   Etc¥by  I:  Barlow 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  March  12*^  iy86  by  H.  Humphrey  N"*  51 
New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  drawing-room  or  boudoir.  A  fashionably 
dressed  young  man  sits  in  an  arm-chair,  his  r.  arm  over  its  back,  his  r.  leg 
over  an  arm,  contemplating  his  reflection  in  an  oval  wall-mirror  (1.). 
His  hair  is  puffed  out  all  round  his  face,  and  is  arranged  in  a  horizontal 

^  'designed  by  Miss  Aynscombe*.  Note  by  Miss  Banks. 

374 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    I786 

roll  or  curl  which  rests  on  his  shoulders,  with  a  queue  or  bag-wig  hanging 
from  below  the  curl.  He  holds  a  cane  in  his  r.  hand,  a  round  hat  in  his  1. 
On  the  wall  is  a  picture  of  a  woman  or  nymph  reclining  under  trees. 
A  striped  sofa  and  striped  wall-paper  complete  the  design.  Beneath  the 
title  is  engraved : 

*Twas  doing  Nothing  was  his  curse ^ 
Is  there  a  vice  can  plague  us  worse? 

Florioy  page  6. 

From  Hannah  More's  Florioy  published  in  1786  with  the  better-known 
BaS'Bleu'. 

Florio,  a  youth  of  gay  renown 
Who  figur'd  much  about  the  Town. 

He  was  the  typical  idle  lounger  of  the  day;  see  A  Later  PepySy  ed. 
Gaussen,  1904,  ii.  221-2. 
6iX5iin. 

7098  TIT  FOR  TAT 

London,  Printed  for  R.  Sayer  Map,  Chart  &  Printseller  N°  55  Fleet 
Street,  as  the  Act  directs  Nov^  24,  iy86. 

Engraving.  A  young  buck  stands  at  a  street  door  in  a  swaggering  attitude, 
his  1.  foot  on  a  pail  which  he  has  kicked  over.  He  holds  a  cane,  his  1.  hand 
is  on  his  hip.  A  pretty  maidservant  standing  at  the  door  puts  her  mop  in 
his  face.   Behind  is  a  street.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

As  Lucifer  proud  zvith  as  ugly  a  face, 

Billy  Prig,  kicks  the  pail  with  a  puppyish  grace, 

Sweet  Sir,  replies  Betty,  I  thank  you  for  that. 

And  return  you  the  favour — There^s  Tit  for  your  Tat. 

In  book  of  Sayer's  'Drolls*. 
8|x6|in. 

7099  THE  SUPPLEMENTAL  MAGAZINE. 
RR  delin  [  ?  Rushworth.] 

Publish' djany  i'^  1786,  by  S.W.  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse, 
N'^  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  6874.  A 
number  of  ladies  wearing  enormous  hats  and  inflated  petticoats  as  in 
No.  6874,  are  being,  or  have  been,  fitted  with  the  puifed-out  gauze  cages 
which  made  the  fashionable  silhouette  (the  'fortification  bosom')  project 
extravagantly  at  the  breast.  Some,  with  breasts  exposed,  wait  to  be  fitted. 
A  thin  lady  on  the  extreme  1.  looks  at  herself  in  an  oval  wall-mirror,  while 
the  fitter  arranges  her  dress;  another  advances,  holding  a  large  pair  of 
balloon-like  pads.  One  with  an  enormous  projection  beneath  her  chin  is 
about  to  leave  the  room  by  a  door  on  the  extreme  r.,  she  looks  round  with 
a  triumphant  smile.  All  wear  hats  vdth  enormous  brims,  some  circular, 
some  drooping  and  bonnet-shaped.  A  gigantic  circular  hat,  larger  than 
an  umbrella,  is  suspended  from  the  centre  of  the  ceiling.  In  the  foreground 

375 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  dog,  its  hind-quarters  shaved,  and  long  thick  hair  on  its  neck  and  chest, 
burlesques  the  fashion. 

One  of  many  caricatures  of  the  fashion  for  puffed-out  breasts  and  petti- 
coats, and  for  hats  with  enormously  wide  brims,  see  Nos.  6874,  7100-15, 
7117,  7211,  7220,  7224,  7245,  7247,  7249,  7251,  7252,  7253,  7763;  cf. 
No.  7975. 

Described  by  Angelo,  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  327.    Coloured  repro- 
duction, Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  der  Karikatur,  1906,  after  p.  288. 
11X17 J-  in. 

7100  A  PIG  IN  A  POKE 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Phillips  N'>  164  Piccadilly.  Febv  ^*6. 
1786 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  lady's  dressing-room : 
she  is  represented  fully  dressed  on  the  1.  and  naked  on  the  r.,  her  attitude 
in  both  cases  being  the  same,  and  imitating  that  of  the  Venus  de'  Medici, 
a  statuette  of  whom  stands  on  a  wall-bracket.  The  two  figures  stand  back 
to  back,  looking  towards  the  spectator.  The  dressed  figure  wears  a  large 
feathered  hat,  puflPed-out  hair  with  pendant  tresses,  a  projecting  gauze- 
covered  bust  on  which  her  r.  hand  rests,  her  petticoats  extend  backward 
in  a  sweeping  curve,  a  small  foot  in  a  high-heeled  shoe  projects  from  her 
petticoat.  The  naked  figure  is  lean,  with  flat  breasts,  and  entirely  without 
the  feminine  curves  which  are  added  by  her  dress.  Her  hair  is  straggling 
and  lank;  her  feet  large  and  ill-shaped,  her  face  pale.  She  stands  before 
the  mirror  on  her  dressing-table,  on  the  ground  is  a  false  *derriere',  see 
No.  6874;  a  similar  arrangement  hangs  on  the  wall,  other  garments  are 
draped  over  a  chair.  Three  pictures  are  on  the  wall :  on  the  extreme  1.  in 
an  oval  frame  is  partly  visible  a  picture  of  a  seated  lady  on  whom  Death, 
a  skeleton,  is  making  a  furious  onslaught  (cf.  No.  5441).  Above  the  head 
of  the  dressed  figure  is  In  the  Poke,  a  countryman  holding  a  bulky  sack. 
Above  the  naked  figure  is  Out  the  Poke,  in  which  the  pig  scampers  away 
from  the  empty  sack. 

The  dress  of  the  period  is  scarcely  if  at  all  caricatured,  but  is  satirized 
to  show  how  it  conceals  the  deficiencies  of  the  figure,  and  how  far  the  form 
which  it  counterfeits  is  removed  from  classic  beauty.   Cf.  No.  8257.   For 
other  satires  on  these  fashions  see  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 
9^X13!  in. 

7101  MODERN  DEFENCE  OR  THE  SIEGE  OF  FORT  PHYLLIS. 

Pid)^  16  May  iy86  by  Geo:  Townley  Stubbs  Peters  Court  S^  Martins 
Lane. 

Engraving.  A  lady  stands  on  a  mound  in  profile  to  the  1. ;  a  young  military 
officer  (1.)  fires  a  cannon  from  an  embrasure,  while  another  fires  a  trench- 
mortar  at  her  from  behind.  Her  dress  caricatures  the  fashion  for  a  very 
projecting  breast,  and  a  large  protuberance  at  the  back  of  the  petticoats. 
She  wears  a  hat  with  an  enormous  brim,  her  hands  are  in  a  large  fur  muff. 
She  resembles  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  At  the  foot  of  the  mound  a  Cupid  uses 
his  arrow  to  undermine  the  ground  on  which  she  stands.  Beneath  the  title 
is  engraved : 

376 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

In  vain  Before  the  Fair  one  Arms, 
With  Breastworks  high  her  panting  charms^ 
In  vain  Behind  yon  Mount  is  plac'dy 
Which  Wits  may  say  is  Bum  proof  cas'd^ 
If  parts  More  Weak  to  guard  she  fails. 
Where  artful  Love  by  Mine  assails. 
Tho^  Fox's  Brush  as  Muff  may  warm 
And  snug  conceal  what  all  must  charm. 
Guard  well  that  Pass:  there  lies  the  Proof 
Jove!  dearly  lov*d  a  well  Thatch' d  Roof. 

For  these  fashions  see  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 
7|X9r6-in. 

7102  THE  BUM-BAILIFF  OUTWITTED;  OR  THE  CONVENI- 
ENCE OF  FASHION. 

Published  May  6'*  iy86  by  S.W.  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  baiUff  extends  his  arms  to  seize  a  lady 
from  behind,  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  writ :  Derriere  Bum's  (see  No.  6874).  The 
dress  only,  however,  of  the  lady  stands  erect :  the  hat  and  wig  rest  on  the 
projecting  breast,  which  is  supported  by  the  stiffened  bodice  and  inflated 
petticoats  of  the  dress.  The  lady  herself  crawls  out  from  under  her  own 
petticoats  between  the  legs  of  the  bailiif,  wearing  gloves  and  some  under- 
garment. Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Suky  like  Syrinx  changes  shape. 
Her  vain  pursuer  to  escape; 
Ye  Snapps;  of  Pans  hard  fate  beware 
Who  thought  his  arms  embrac'ed  the  fair 
But  found  an  emty  Bum-case  there. 

For  these  extravagant  fashions  see  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 
Wright,  Caricature  History  of  the  Georges  [1868],  p.  534  (small  copy). 
8|x6fin. 

7103  BREAST- WORK,  OR  FEMALE  FORTIFICATION. 

R.T.  deW 

Published  March  15,  1786,  by  S.W.  Fores,  at  the  Caracature  Ware- 
house, N^  J,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  stands,  directed  slightly  to  the 
r.,  her  hands  in  a  muff.  She  wears  a  wide-brimmed  hat  and  projecting 
petticoat,  which  are  only  slightly  if  at  all  caricatured.  But  round  her 
breast  in  place  of  the  fashionable  projecting  gauze,  is  a  curving  line  of 
angular  fortifications  in  masonry,  from  which  guns  project.  Beneath  the 
title  is  engraved : 

And  now  the  dear  Creatures  appear. 
As  if  for  Hot  Action  inclined  Sir, 
With  Breast-Work  projecting  in  Front, 
And  extended  Bum  Batteries  behind  Sir. 

vide  Paddy  OBrien. 

377 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  projecting  gauze  was  called  'fortification  breastworks*  in  the 
Rambler's  Magazine^  Jan.  1786,  p.  38.   For  these  extravagant  fashions  see 
Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 
9iX7|in. 

7104  THE  RUMP  PARLIAMENT.  [i  Apr.  1786] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  interior  of  a  building 
resembling  the  House  of  Commons,  the  members  being  ladies  dressed  in 
the  extravagant  fashions  of  the  day;  all  wear  wide  hats,  projecting  breasts, 
and  inflated  petticoats.  The  Speaker  has  risen  from  the  chair  and  appears 
to  be  addressing  a  lady  who  stands  on  the  extreme  r.,  making  a  speech. 
On  the  table  are  two  papers :  Bill  to  Amend  the  Human  Shape  and  Bill  to 
naturalize  bodily  deformity.  From  the  ceiling,  in  place  of  a  candelabra, 
hangs  an  open  umbrella,  under  which  a  pair  of  petticoat  extenders  or 
'bustlers'  is  attached.  See  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 
5SX3f  in. 

7105  A  SHOWER  OR  ANY  PORT  IN  A  STORM. 

Pu¥  by  S.  W.  Fores,  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse  N"  3  Piccadilly  June 
the  4.  iy86. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  number  of  persons 
take  shelter  under  the  enormous  hat-brim  of  a  lady  who  screams,  clasping 
her  hands  in  alarm.  An  infant  chimney-sweep  or  'climbing  boy'  has 
climbed  up  her  petticoats  and  sits  astride  on  their  lateral  projection.  A 
larger  chimney-sweep  is  about  to  climb  up,  putting  one  foot  on  his  sack 
of  soot.  A  cloaked  market-woman,  smoking  a  pipe,  stands  under  the 
shelter,  as  does  a  man  in  the  dress  of  a  naval  officer.  A  sailor,  wearing 
trousers,  his  arms  folded,  appears  to  be  dancing  a  hornpipe  under  the 
shelter  of  the  hat.  In  the  background  (r.)  a  lady  walks  (r.  to  1.)  holding 
up  a  small  umbrella  which  shelters  only  a  minute  part  of  her  enormous  hat 
which  extends  far  beyond  her  projecting  breast  and  petticoats.  In  the 
foreground  chickens  run  towards  a  hen  for  shelter.  A  house  (1.)  and  a  high 
wall  behind  which  is  a  tree  (r.)  complete  the  design. 

See  No.  7 1 06  and  Nos.  6874, 7099,  &c.  Cf.  No.  5460(1777),  a  similar  satire. 
i2X9iin. 

7106  THE  SUMMER  SHOWER,  OR  MADEMOISELLE  PAR  A 
PLUYE 

London  Pu¥  May  16  iy86  by  G.  T.  Stubs  Peters  Court  S^  Martins  Lane 

Engraving.  A  lady  shelters  a  number  of  persons  under  her  enormous  hat 
and  the  other  excrescences  of  her  dress.  Two  men  stand  under  the  brim 
of  her  hat;  a  little  girl  stands  under  her  projecting  bosom;  an  older  boy 
sits  behind  her  on  the  ground  under  her  projecting  petticoats.  They  are 
under  a  tree  whose  trunk  is  on  the  1.    See  also  No.  7105. 

Reissued  by  H.  Humphrey,  16  Jan.  1787  (coloured  and  uncoloured 
impressions);  small  copy  in  Wright's  Caricature  History  of  the  Georges 
[1868],  p.  535. 
7f  Xio  in. 

378 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 
7107  LES  INCOMMODIT^S  DE  JANVIER  1786. 
VA'  EtcKdhy  I:  Barlow 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Feb^  2&^  1786.  by  H:  Humphrey  N'*  51 
New  Bond  StK 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  lady  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  her  hands  in  an  enormous  globular  muff,  on  which  rests  the 
projecting  gauze  which  covers  her  breast.  Her  petticoats  project  at  the 
back  in  the  fashionable  manner,  but  scarcely  balance  the  muff.  Her  wide- 
brimmed  hat  is  even  more  exaggerated,  and  projects  all  round  her  like  a 
tent.  Her  hair  is  puffed  out  at  the  sides  with  curls  which  rest  on  her  false 
breast,  and  a  looped  and  plaited  queue  which  reaches  nearly  to  her  project- 
ing petticoats.  For  these  fashions  see  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 
Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  678. 

8Jx6|in.  (pi.). 


7108  A  NEST  FOR  PUPPIES  OR  THE  FASHIONABLE  BOSOM. 

Publish  the  2^  fo  [sic]  Apr^  iy86  by  G.  Humphrey  N*"  48  Long  Acre 
London. 

Engraving.  Bust  portrait  of  a  good-looking  lady,  directed  to  the  1.  In  the 
gauze  projection  which  covers  her  bust  are  four  small  dogs.  Her  hair  is  not 
extravagantly  dressed,  and  is  decorated  with  three  ostrich  feathers,  which 
suggest  that  she  may  be  intended  for  Mrs.  Fitzherbert. 

See  Nos.  6874,  7099>  ^c. 
6iX4fin.(pl.). 


7109  THE  EQUILIBRIUM. 
RRfed[lKus\monh.] 

Published  February  j*^  1786,  by  W.  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Ware- 
house N°  3.  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  wearing 
an  enormous  false  bosom  covered  with  gauze,  which  is  balanced  by  the 
projection  of  her  petticoats  at  the  back.  The  wide  brim  of  her  hat  droops 
on  to  these  excrescences.  This  inflated  silhouette  is  supported  on  narrow 
low-cut  slippers  with  high  heels.  Beneath  the  signature  is  engraved  Fidei 
cotictda  Tactus.    See  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c. 

8i^6X6f  in. 

7109  a  the  equilibrium 

A  water-colour  drawing  for  (or  copied  from)  No.  7109,  which  it  closely 
resembles,  though  less  well  drawn. 

8JgX6f  in. 

*  'designed  by  Miss  Aynscombe*.  Note  by  Miss  Banks. 

379 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7109b  the  equipoise  or  fashions  of  1786 

J  Laskey  DelnK 

A  water-colour  drawing  closely  resembling  No.  7 109  A,  but  slightly  better 

drawn. 

7fx6i|in. 

7110  THE  DISTRESS'D  DAMSEL  IN  A  HIGH  WIND. 

Published  Sep''  18  iy86  hy  I.  Aoret  ( ?)  N<>  44  Wardour  Street  Soho. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  young  woman  walks  in  profile  to  the 
r.,  extending  her  arms  to  catch  her  false  bosom  which  has  blown  off  like 
a  fragment  of  balloon,  leaving  her  breast  bare.  Her  petticoats  blow  up  at 
the  back,  showing  a  circular  excrescence  apparently  of  wicker-work,  not 
resembling  the  false  'derrieres'  depicted  in  No.  6874.  ^^^  wears  a  wide- 
brimmed  flat  hat  whose  ribbons  are  blown  by  the  wind.  Beneath  the  title 
is  etched: 

O  cruel  Wind,  I  am  not  so  Plump, 

Then  why  should  you  expose  my  Rump. 

See  No.  7099,  &c. 
7jx6iin. 

7111  THE  INCONVENIENCE  OF  DRESS 

Published  ig*^  May  iy86,  by  S.W.  Fores,  at  the  Caricature  Ware- 
house, N°  3,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  seated  at  table  in  profile  to  the  I., 
a  tureen  before  her,  attempts  to  take  a  spoonful  of  soup ;  she  guides  the 
spoon  carefully  over  her  projecting  false  bosom.  Her  cheeks  are  hollow. 
Her  much  inflated  dress,  with  its  false  'derriere'  (see  No.  6874,  &c.),  projects 
through  the  back  of  her  chair.  Her  hair  is  puffed  out  in  the  prevailing 
manner,  ringlets  rest  on  her  shoulder.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Rage  for  Dress — Bewitching  passion! 
Who'd  not  starve  to  lead  the  Fashion? 
Starve!  wheres  the  Beaux  so  very  dull. 
To  think  they'll  starve  with  Crops  so  full? 

See  No.  7099,  &c.   Described  by  Angelo,  Reminiscences,  1904,  i.  327-8. 
7iix6iin. 


7112  THE  BOSOM  FRIENDS. 

Published  by  S.W.  Fores  May  28^^  iy86  at  his  Caracature  Ware-House 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  ladies  stand  together,  the  centre 
one  full-face,  the  others  facing  each  other  in  profile.  AH  wear  the  false 
bosoms  then  fashionable,  the  covering  gauze  of  these  extends  from  the 

380 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1786 

back  over  the  shoulders.  They  also  wear  the  inflated  'derriere',  see  No. 
6874,  which  completed  the  absurd  silhouette  of  the  day.  Two  hold  huge 
muffs,  the  third  (r.)  folds  her  arms  under  her  bosom.  All  have  the  much 
puffed-out  coiffure  then  fashionable,  making  the  features  look  very  small ; 
that  of  the  centre  lady  is  composed  of  minute  curls,  that  of  the  others  is 
smooth  with  tresses  hanging  on  the  shoulders. 

See  No.  7099,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  der  Karikatur,  1906,  p.  282. 

7fX9|in. 


7113  FAMILY  CANVAS,  OR  DRESSS  ANTIENT  AND  MODERN 

London  Pu¥  May  16  iy86  by  G,T.  Stubbs  Peters  Court  S^  Martins 
Lane 

Engraving.  A  fashionably  dressed  lady  and  gentleman  are  seated  facing 
each  other,  a  tea-table  between  them.  She  wears  an  enormous  'derriere' 
and  a  projecting  bosom;  a  round  hat  with  a  huge  brim  surrounded  by  a 
curtain  frill  of  lace,  through  which  her  eyes  and  much-curled  hair  are 
visible.  He  wears  a  tight-fitting  coat  with  a  high  collar,  large  buttons,  and 
projecting  shirt-frill.  His  hair  or  wig  is  in  a  looped  queue  with  large  side- 
curls.  He  looks  at  himself  in  a  pocket-mirror  with  a  satisfied  air.  His  cane 
and  round  hat  are  on  a  chair  behind  him. 

The  'antient'  dresses  are  those  of  the  T.Q.L.  portraits  on  the  wall:  in 
the  centre  are  a  gentleman  and  lady  standing  together  in  early  Georgian 
dress,  each  holds  a  crook,  a  bird  sits  on  the  lady's  finger.  This  is  flanked 
by  a  lady  (1.)  in  quasi-Elizabethan  dress,  wearing  a  conical  hat,  a  ruff,  and 
a  hooped  petticoat  in  the  form  of  a  cylinder;  and  a  man  (r.)  wearing  a  high 
hat,  cloak,  slashed  doublet,  and  breeches,  holding  a  hooded  hawk. 

For  other  satires  on  feminine  fashions  see  Nos.  6874,  7099,  &c.  For  the 
ultra-fashionable  men's  dress  of  the  period  see  Nos.  6855,  7021,  &c. 
7|Xioiin. 


7114  HEADLANDS  CAPES  AND  PROMONTORIES 
[C.  M.  Fanshawe  del.,  Bretherton  f.] 
Publish' d  June  iy86  by  f  Bretherton, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  fashionably  dressed 
woman  stands  (1.)  directed  to  the  r.  On  the  r.  is  a  fashionably  dressed  man 
looking  to  the  1.  She  wears  a  large  feather-trimmed  hat  on  her  puffed-out 
hair.  The  projecting  gauze  at  her  breast  is  arranged  as  a  fichu,  and  worn 
with  a  nosegay.  Her  hands  are  in  a  large  muff;  her  petticoats  project 
behind,  but  not  extravagantly.  He  holds  his  cocked  hat  in  his  1.  hand; 
his  hair  is  much  frizzed  out  at  the  sides,  he  wears  a  high-collared  cut-away 
coat,  fastened  by  two  large  buttons,  a  revival  of  a  fashion  of  1777,  see 
Nos.  5432,  5443. 

For  other  satires  on  the  fashions  of  1786-7  see  Nos.  7099,  7021,  &c. 
Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7250. 
9JXi4iin.  (pi). 

381 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7115  IN  FASHION. 

OUT  OF  FASHION.  [c.  1786]^ 

Engraving.  Two  companion  designs  on  one  plate.  On  the  1.,  directed  to 
the  r.,  stands  a  lady  wearing  the  projecting  gauze  at  her  breast  and  the 
inflated  petticoats  then  fashionable.  Her  wide-brimmed  hat  is  trimmed 
with  feathers  and  a  curtain-frill  of  lace.  Ringlets  rest  on  her  shoulders  from 
her  puffed-out  hair.   She  holds  a  large  muff. 

On  the  r.,  directed  to  the  1.,  stands  a  country  girl  whose  round  hat, 
ringlets,  kerchief,  and  looped-up  petticoats  resemble  those  of  the  fashion- 
able lady,  but  without  the  exaggeration  of  the  latter. 

Each  subject  9 J  X  6f  in.  Clipped. 

7116  A  MODERN  HERCULES.  [i  Jan.  1786] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine,  1785,  p.  617.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  71 17.  A  man  stands  holding  a  bludgeon  resembling  that  carried  by 
Hanger,  cf.  No.  6924,  &c.  He  is  fashionably  dressed,  except  that  his  coat, 
breeches,  and  waistcoat  have  not  the  close  fit  affected  in  England  by 
modish  young  men.  He  wears  a  high-crowned,  broad-brimmed  hat  'equal 
in  size  to  the  seven-fold  shield  of  Ajax'.  He  wears  shoe-strings,  not 
buckles.  He  is  described  as  a  'modern  demi-demon'  and  *a  choice  hand 
at  knocking  down  a  watchman'. 

Part  of  the  'buck  and  blood  undress'  of  1786  was  a  short  bludgeon  in 
the  hand.  Rambler's  Magazine,  iv.  118,  cf.  Nos.  6924,  7251, 7791.  For  the 
Dublin  buck  cf.  Nos.  5277,  8041,  8042. 

B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154.  ka. 

7117  THE  MODERN  VENUS  [i  Apr.  1786] 

Engraving.    Hibernian  Magazine,  1786,  p.  113.    A  companion  print  to 

No.  71 16.  A  lady,  wearing  an  enormous  hat  worn  on  the  side  of  her  head, 

stands  full-face,  turning  her  head  in  profile  to  the  1.  Her  hair  is  elaborately 

frizzed  with  pendant  curls  and  a  queue.  On  her  r.  arm  is  a  muff  on  which 

is  an  oval  portrait  of  a  woman. 

One  of  many  satires  on  contemporary  dress ;  she  is  described  as  wearing 

a  'parachute  hat'.  Cf.  No.  70QQ,  &c.  _  ,  ,  , , 

^  '  ^^  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

6iX4jin. 

7118  TOBY  FILLPOT. 
[After  Dighton.] 

568  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  N"  6g  S*  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.   [?  c.  1786] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  jovial  and  enormously  stout  man  sits 

on  a  chair  holding  a  large  frothing  jug  in  his  r.  hand,  a  pipe  in  his  1. 

Behind  him  are  trees.  His  contour  resembles  that  of  a  Toby  jug.  Beneath 

the  design  are  verses  beginning: 

Dear  Tom  this  brown  Jug  that  now  foams  with  mild  Ale 
(In  which  I  will  drink  to  sweet  Nan  of  the  Vale) 
Was  once  Toby  Fillpot,  a  thirsty  old  Soul — 

'  Publication-line  apparently  cut  off. 
382 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1786 

They  describe  how  a  potter  formed  the  jug  out  of  the  clay  of  Toby 
when  he  had  long  been  buried. 

It  is  suggested  that  the  original  of  the  Toby  jug  was  Edward  King, 
commonly  called  Toby,  whose  head  was  on  the  sign  of  his  coffee-house 
at  Coventry.   See  Caulfield,  Remarkable  Persons ^  18 19,  i,  pp.  125  ff. 

'Caricatures',  i.  175. 
i2f  X9f  in. 

7119  FORTUNE'S  FAVOURITES;  OR  HAPPINESS   IN  EVERY 
SITUATION. 

[After  Dighton.] 

5y5,  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver  y  N"  6g  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.   [1786.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Fortune  stands,  one  hand  on  her  wheel, 
holding  in  her  r.  arm  a  cornucopia  filled  with  flowers,  wheat-ears,  and 
fruit.  She  is  raised  high  above  a  group  of  her  favourites  who  fill  the 
foreground.  A  shoeblack  (1.)  sits  on  a  stool  smoking  a  pipe,  and  pointing 
to  the  tools  of  his  trade  which  are  on  a  low  stool  in  front  of  him.  An  old 
miser  hurries  from  1.  to  r.,  looking  over  his  r.  shoulder;  he  clasps  a  bag  of 
guineas  in  his  r.  hand,  and  holds  in  his  1.  a  corded  chest  inscribed  Jewels. 
Walking  towards  him  (r.)  is  a  jovial  cobbler,  holding  up  a  foaming  pot  of 
porter;  he  wears  a  leathern  apron  and  under  his  1.  arm  are  two  lasts. 
Behind  these  three  are  (1.)  a  peer  wearing  a  ribbon  and  star,  in  profile  to 
the  1.;  a  grinning  and  much  caricatured  butcher  looking  to  the  r.  and 
holding  up  a  purse ;  a  cheerful  sailor  with  a  wooden  leg  holding  up  a  coin. 
Behind  these  again  are  a  well-dressed  tailor  carrying  a  garment;  a  fat 
alderman  eating  from  a  bowl  of  soup  inscribed  Turtle ;  a  smiling  parson 
holding  out  a  paper  inscribed  $00  a  Year,  and  a  carpenter  (r.)  walking 
to  the  r.  with  a  sack  of  tools  on  his  back. 

In  the  background  is  partly  visible  (1.)  the  rotunda  of  a  Temple  of 
Fortune^  and  (r.)  a  partly  built  house  with  scaffolding,  on  which  three 
builders  are  at  work,  one  is  drinking  from  an  enormous  tankard.  Beneath 
the  title  twelve  lines  of  verse  are  engraved  beginning : 

In  every  Station^  search  the  World  around^ 
And  Happiness  may  easily  be  found: 

The  original  water-colour  is  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum; 
reproduction,  ApollOy  xxxi.  loi  (Aug.  193 1).  'Caricatures',  i.  10. 

i2|X9|in. 

7120  YOUNG  RECRUITS,  TRAINING  FOR  THE  CAMP. 

London,  Printed  for  Robert  Sayer,  Map  and  Printseller,  N°  53  Fleet 
Street^  as  the  Act  directs,  2g  June  iy86. 

Mezzotint.  Three  young  men,  fashionably  dressed  in  regimentals,  wearing 
epaulettes  and  cocked  hats,  accept  the  attentions  of  three  courtesans. 
Two  are  seated,  the  third  stands,  chucking  a  girl  under  the  chin.  The 
panelled  walls  with  pilasters  indicate  a  room  in  a  fashionable  tavern  or 
bagnio. 
13X10  in. 

383 


1787 

POLITICAL  SATIRES 

7121  THE  WILL  DISCLOSED  TO  THE  GREAT  GREIF  OF  THE 
FAMILY.  [i  Jan.  1787] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine.  The  King  and  Queen,  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  three  princesses  and  two  young  princes  are  greatly  distressed 
at  the  will  of  the  Princess  Amelia.  The  King  sits  (1.)  nearsightedly  reading 
a  paper;  the  Queen  sits  beside  him  weeping.  The  Princess  Royal  (r.)  sits 
opposite  him  also  weeping.  The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  beside  them, 
clutching  his  head  in  despair  and  holding  up  his  hat  and  stick.  On  the 
wall  behind  him  is  an  elevation  of  Carlton  House  with  scaffolding, 
inscribed  Charlton  House^  indicating  the  unfinished  state  of  the  Prince's 
building  operations.  Cf.  No.  7167.  Next  it  (1.)  is  a  framed  T.Q.L.  portrait 
of  a  smiling  man  inscribed  Prince  of  Hesse.   See  No.  6991. 

7122  THE  FIRST  PARLIAMENT  OF  BOTANY  BAY  IN  HIGH 
DEBATE.  [Jan.  1787] 

Engraving.  From  the  Hibernian  Magazine^  1786,  p.  685.  The  'parliament* 
meets  under  a  large  tree  in  whose  branches  sits  a  convict  in  irons  wearing 
a  hat  and  wig  which  suggest  those  of  the  Speaker.  Among  a  crowd  of 
ruffians  with  clubs,  some  in  irons  and  some  raggedly  dressed,  are  Fox, 
North,  and  Burke.  Fox  is  making  a  speech,  hat  in  hand,  one  foot  on  the 
shoulder  of  North  who  is  seated  on  the  ground  asleep.  Burke,  wearing 
spectacles,  stands  on  the  1.,  holding  up  a  small  cross  intended  to  imply 
that  he  is  a  Roman  Catholic  (cf.  No.  6026).  In  the  background  are  gib- 
bets from  which  hang  corpses. 

The  first  convicts  sailed  for  Botany  Bay  on  12  May  1787,  but  the  press 
reports  of  the  scheme  evoked  prints  of  the  departure  of  the  leading  Foxites 
with  the  convicts,  see  No.  6990,  &c. 
5iX7|m. 

7123  LAW  ARRANGEMENT  OR  WHO  SHALL  BE  CHIEF. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor ,  by  E.  Macklew,  N°  9  Hay- 
market,  Jany  4^^  ^7^7  of  whom  may  he  had  just  published The 

fashionable  Mirror — The  Enquiry — The  Sudden  Squall — The  Jovial 
Crew  with  a  Song  &c  &c  &c 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  contest  between 
Judge  Buller  and  Kenyon,  Master  of  the  Rolls,  for  the  Chief  Justiceship 
of  the  King^s  Bench.  Three  shallow  steps  on  which  the  combat  takes 
place  (probably  indicating  the  approach  to  Westminster  Hall,  cf.  No. 
6852)  stretch  across  the  design.  In  the  background  (1.),  seated  on  a  large 
rectangular  pedestal  inscribed  Banco  Regis,  is  a  bird  with  a  human  head, 
wearing  a  judge's  wig  and  bands,  representing  Lord  Mansfield  as  in 

384 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

No.  5980.  He  says,  /  am  determined  not  to  moult  my  feathers  till  your 
Nephew  gets  the  better  of  him.  Behind  Buller  are  his  two  backers,  Lord 
Camden,  immediately  behind  him,  and  Lord  Bathurst  (1.)  whom  Mansfield 
is  addressing.  Both  stand  in  profile  to  the  r.,  Bathurst  being  dressed  as  an 
old  woman  (cf.  No.  4888) ;  Buller's  mother  was  his  sister.  Buller,  in  wig 
and  furred  gown,  stands  above  Kenyon  and  appears  to  be  getting  the 
better  of  him ;  his  weapon  is  a  stout  stick,  inscribed  Thumbsticky  which  he 
wields  as  *]udge  Thumb',  see  Nos.  6122,  6123.  Kenyon,  on  a  lower  step, 
is  on  the  defensive;  his  weapon  is  a  leek  inscribed  Pedigree  (cf.  No.  7130). 
Behind  him,  on  the  extreme  r.,  stands  Thurlow  in  his  Chancellor's  hat, 
wig,  and  gown,  but  with  the  limbs  of  a  bear.  He  says,  By  G —  hur  shall 

be  Chief 

It  was  well  known  that  Mansfield  would  have  retired  sooner  if  he  could 
have  secured  the  appointment  of  Buller,  the  second  judge  of  the  Court, 
who  was  virtually  Chief  Justice  for  two  years  before  Mansfield's  retirement 
in  June  1788.  Kenyon  as  Master  of  the  Rolls  often  sat  for  the  Lord 
Chancellor.  He  and  Thurlow  wear  Chancellor's  gowns.  For  false  reports 
of  the  appointment  cf.  one  attributed  to  Thurlow  in  Dec.  1786  that 
Mansfield  had  resigned  and  that  Buller  was  appointed  on  Kenyon 's 
refusal.  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Dropmore  PP.,  i.  277.  Lord  Sydney  wrote, 
6  Jan.  1787,  *Lord  Mansfield  has  outlived  his  abilities,  and  has  expressed 
a  desire  of  resigning,  but  his  relations  (or  relation)  [Lord  Stormont]  have 
made  him  retract.'  Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  256-7.  Cf.  also  No.  6849. 


7124  A  SACRIFICE  TO  SLAVERY,  DEDICATED  WITHOUT  PER- 
MISSION  TO  THE  PUPPET  PLAYER  IN  DOWNING  STREET 

London.  Published  by  G.  Humphrey  N^  48  Long  Acre  Jan^  <?'*  lySy. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  stands  beside  an  altar  on  which  he 
is  burning  books  and  papers.  Fox  stands  behind  him,  protesting  at  the 
sacrifice.  Behind  them  is  Time  with  his  scythe  drawing  aside  the  Curtain 
of  Futurity  to  reveal  a  row  of  broken  columns  (1.)  at  the  foot  of  which  lies 
a  woman  with  a  dagger  in  her  heart,  the  cap  of  Liberty  beside  her.  The 
column  on  the  extreme  1.  is  inscribed  Ruins  of  the  ancient  British  House  of 
Parliament  Destroyed  An  D"  [sic]  1^84  1785  &c.  The  altar  (r.)  is  Altar 
of  Slavery  erected  in  a  few  years  By  the  Unhappy  Politician.  Its  face  is 
decorated  by  three  medallions  flanked  by  emblems  of  slavery :  two  heads- 
man's axes,  chains,  and  a  sword  (1.),  and  rods  and  chains  (r.).  The  largest 
medallion  contains  a  profile  head  of  George  III  (the  'Unhappy  Politician'); 
the  others,  beneath  it,  contain  a  man  being  flogged  (1.)  and  a  man  kneeling 
at  a  block  while  the  headsman  raises  his  axe.  The  altar  stands  on  three  steps : 
The  lowest  and  largest  is  P^  Step  Dissolving  the  of  the  [sic]  Parliament  of 
the  People \  the  next,  2^  A  Venal  majority  in  a  packed  Parliament;  the 
uppermost,  y^  An  Open  Violation  of  the  rights  of  Election.  Pitt  is  burning 
Manchester  Remonstr[ance].  Magna  Cha[rter]y  Statut[es]  British^  and 
Liberty  of  the  Press.  He  turns  to  Fox,  saying.  The  day  is  mine  in  spite  of 
your  Petitions.  A  mask  is  slung  across  his  shoulders  by  a  ribbon  inscribed 
Duplicity  W.  Blifil  implying  that  Pitt  and  Fox  are  typified  by  the  hypocrite 
Blifil  and  the  honest  Tom  Jones.    Fox  holds  a  Petition  for  redress. 

This  generalized  attack  on  Pitt,  reverting  to  the  Dissolution  of  March 
1784  (No.  6476,  &c.),  scrutiny  for  the  Westminster  Election  (No.  6553, 
&c.),  and  the  Manchester  remonstrance  against  the  Irish  Propositions 

385  cc 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

(No.  6785,  &c.)  in  1785,  is  an  indication  that  political  controversy  was  at 
a  low  ebb.    Parliament  did  not  open  till  23  Jan.    The  attack  anticipates 
that  made  on  Pitt  by  Opposition  pamphleteers  during  the  Regency  crisis, 
see  Nos.  7382,  7389,  &c. 
7|Xii}iin. 

7125  THE  SCOTCH  ARMS. 
Gentlemens  designs  exeaited  gratis 

Pu¥Jany  9.  lySy^  by  S  W Fores  at  the  caricature  warehouse  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  escutcheon  with 
four  quarterings,  the  flower  and  leaves  of  a  thistle  serving  as  crest  and 
supporters.  The  dexter  chief  and  and  sinister  base  quarters  are  covered 
with  a  lattice  of  rectangular  bars  suggesting  a  tartan.  In  the  dexter  chief 
quarter  is  ajar  inscribed  Brimstone',  in  the  dexter  base,  a  French  fleur-de- 
lis  flag  across  a  broken  broadsword ;  in  the  sinister  chief  is  a  decapitated 
and  bleeding  head  wearing  a  Scots  bonnet  across  a  headsman's  axe;  in 
the  sinister  base  a  set  of  bagpipes.  The  jewel  of  the  order  of  the  Thistle 
hangs  from  a  ribbon  draped  round  the  escutcheon,  with  the  motto  Nemo, 
me,  impune.  lacessit.y  but  in  place  of  the  St.  Andrew's  cross  is  a  pair  of 
gloved  hands,  the  r.  hand  adjusting  the  glove  of  the  1.  hand. 

This  attack  on  Scotland  for  Jacobitism  and  treachery  is  probably  an 
attack  on  the  Ministry,  directed  against  Dundas. 
I2ix8}in. 

7126  UNCLE  GEORGE  AND   BLACK  DICK  AT  THEIR  NEW 
GAME  OF  NAVAL  SHUTTLECOCK.  1787. 

[Rowlandson.] 

London  Published  by  G.  Humphrey  48  Long  Acre  Jan"^  11.  lySy. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  composite  figure 
with  two  heads,  one  that  of  Lord  Howe,  the  other  that  of  George  III, 
stands  between  two  groups  of  naval  ofliicers;  both  heads  are  in  profile. 
The  King  turns  to  the  r.,  taking  a  petition  from  a  kneeling  oflicer  with  a 
wooden  leg  and  saying  /  never  interfere  with  your  first  Lord  no  never. 
Five  officers  standing  behind  this  petitioner  say  (1.  to  r.) :  /  see  I  shall  lose 
my  Rank  after  all  my  long  Services  \  I  am  set  aside  altho'  Tve  lost  a  Son 
&  one  Eye ;  Humbugd  by  Jove  by  y^  old  Jesuit ;  Had  I  my  Arm  again  Td 
find  a  better  Country ;  Brothers,  Our  Lords  &  Commons  will  not  suffer  this 
Game.  The  last  speaker  has  one  leg  and  stands  with  a  crutch. 

Howe,  scowling  with  downcast  head,  says.  Go,  go,  I  can  do  nothing. 

It  is  his  Majesty's  pleasure,  that An  officer  steps  forward  holding  out 

a  petition,  he  says,  Rascall.  Four  others  standing  behind  the  petitioner 
say  (1.  to  r.) :  He's  fond  of  Manoeuvres  if  ever  so  bad,  you  know  him ;  The 
King's  pleasure!  That's  a  Falsity  added  to  a  mean  Finesse-,  Our  Navy  has 
now  two  Heads  &  no  Helm,  rare  Work ;  Vultus  est  Index  Animi. 

Howe's  administration  as  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty  was  unpopular, 

as  establishments  were  reduced.    He  was  violently  attacked  in  pamphlets 

(notably  An  Address  to  the  .  .  .  First  Lord  .  .  .  upon  the  visible  decreasing 

Spirity  Splendour  and  Discipline  of  the  Navy,  by  an  Officer,  lySy).    See 

^  The  7  appears  to  have  been  etched  over  a  6. 

386 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  89-96.  In  a  debate  (5  Mar.  1787)  on  the  non- 
promotion  of  a  Captain  Brodie,  it  was  said  that  Administration  and  the 
Board  of  Admirahy  *had  been  distinguished  beyond  all  others  for  little 
mean  prejudices,  jealousies,  factions,  jobs  and  acts  of  injustice  .  .  .'.  Pari. 
Hist.  xxvi.  648.  This  print  is  probably  part  of  the  concerted  campaign 
against  Howe,  who  resigned  in  July  1788,  feeling  that  he  was  not  supported 
by  Pitt.   See  Nos.  7132,  7262,  7339,  7389,  7392,  7480,  7494. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  199. 
8iiXi3iin. 

7127  THE  POOR  BLACKS  GOING  TO  THEIR  SETTLEMENT. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E  Macklew,  N°  9. 
Haymarket,  Jan^  12^^  lySy,  of  [sic]  may  be  had  the  new,  very  popular 
and  comprehensive  Print,  entitled  The  French  Treaty  Reviewed  &c 
&c. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  and  his  adherents 
are  travestied  as  negroes ;  the  Prince  stands  in  a  doorway  inscribed  Brookes 
Rectifier  of  Spirits,  which  is  represented  as  a  debtor's  prison :  the  heads 
of  George  Hanger  and  Burke  are  seen  through  a  barred  window  on  the  1. 
outside  which  hangs  a  basket  inscribed  Pray  Remember  us  Poor  Blacks. 
Both  are  naked,  except  for  Hanger's  accustomed  cocked  hat  (cf.  No.  6924), 
and  Burke's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026).  The  Prince  wears  a  girdle  of  leaves, 
a  helmet  feathered  like  the  head-dress  of  a  Red  Indian,  but  decorated  with 
the  triple  ostrich  plume,  and  his  ribbon  and  star.  He  holds  out  his  hands 
in  consternation  at  the  approach  of  Fox  and  North  (as  a  woman),  their 
arms  interlaced,  their  faces  contorted  with  grief  (cf.  No.  6193,  &c.). 
Fox's  hat  is  inscribed  Carlo  Crusoe;  on  his  breast  is  a  placard:  We  were 
unfortunately  cast  away  in  the  British  Channel  on  board  the  Portland  East 
Indiaman  (an  allusion  to  the  defeat  of  the  Coalition  on  Fox's  India  Bill, 
and  probably  an  imitation  of  the  placards  of  begging  seamen).  Their 
scanty  garments  are  ragged ;  from  North's  Garter  ribbon  hangs  a  placard : 
Ruined  by  the  American  War.  Behind  them  is  another  couple  with  arms 
interlaced:  Lord  George  Gordon  (not  a  negro)  with  a  black  man  who 
carries  a  primitive  stringed  instrument,  his  cap  inscribed  Man  Friday. 
He  is  perhaps  intended  for  Sheridan.  Gordon  flourishes  a  paper  inscribed 

Defence  of  the  Blacks  by  Lo[rd]  G G and  says  By  all  the  glories  of 

mischief  they  have  no  right  to  send  us  to  Africa.  At  the  end  of  the  procession 
Thurlow  with  a  raised  stick  chases  a  negro  wearing  a  cap  inscribed 
Purveyor,  who  resembles  Weltje,  except  that  he  is  short  and  fat,  and  says, 
with  clasped  hands,  O!  Oh! — bless  your  heart  Massa  Beetle-brow —  if 
you  no  lick  a  poor  neger  man  he^ II  pimp  for  you. 

This  gibe  at  the  Prince  and  his  friends  appears  to  confuse  (or  combine) 
the  settlement  of  freed  negroes  at  Sierra  Leone  with  the  transportation  of 
convicts  to  Botany  Bay  against  which  Gordon  had  tried  to  raise  a  revolt 
in  Newgate,  see  No.  6992.  The  African  Settlement  was  an  idea  of  Granville 
Sharp's,  advocated  in  a  pamphlet  in  1786,  the  first  shipload  of  negroes 
sailing  in  April  1787.  The  words  'going  to  their  settlement*  imply  that 
they  were  paupers,  cf.  Nos.  6456,  6562.  See  No.  6967,  &c. 
7iXi4|in. 

387 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7128  ANTICIPATION,  OR  THE  APPROACHING  FATE  OF  THE 
FRENCH  GOVERNMENT  TREATY 

[GHlray.] 

Pu¥  J  any  i6^^  lySy  by  M""'  Jackson,  Mary  le  bone  Street  Golden 

Square  [scored  through  and  replaced  by] 
Pub  by  W  Holland  N"  50  Oxfcyrd  Street,  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  the  House  of  Commons, 
the  Speaker  in  his  chair,  the  two  clerks,  Hatsell  and  Ley,  writing  at  the 
table  on  which  is  the  mace.  The  members  are  represented  by  dogs,  some 
having  human  faces;  in  the  foreground  four  ministerial  hounds  (1.)  and 
four  opposition  leaders  (r.)  tear  violently  at  a  paper  inscribed  Commercial 
Treaty.  On  the  r.  benches  opposition  hounds  are  in  hungry  cry  after  their 
leaders,  on  the  1.  the  ministerialists  are  gnawing  bones  with  eyes  fixed  on 
the  contest.  The  four  Government  dogs,  who  have  human  faces,  are  Pitt, 
a  lean  greyhound,  his  collar  inscribed  Fawning-Billy  \  next  him  Dundas, 
his  collar  Treasurer  Navy  \  next  Pepper  Arden,  his  collar  At.  Gen,  and  last, 
Archibald  Macdonald,  his  collar  Sol.  G.  Opposite  these  are  North, 
wearing  his  ribbon,  gnawing  greedily,  and  Fox  tearing  ferociously  (these 
two  have  quasi-human  heads),  Burke,  a  dog  wearing  spectacles,  and 
Sheridan,  his  collar  inscribed  Sc.  for  Scan[dal].  Three  yelping  puppies 
fawn  on  Fox,  one  of  whom  is  probably  intended  for  Grey.  Behind  the 
Speaker's  chair  stand  members  of  the  House  of  Lords,  scandalized  at  the 
uproar.   Spectators  look  down  from  the  galleries. 

The  commercial  treaty  with  France  was  signed  at  Versailles,  26  Sept. 
1786,  and  was  generally  approved.  It  was  attacked  on  12  Feb.  1787  in  the 
House  of  Commons  by  the  Opposition.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  381  ff.  Morton 
Eden  wrote  18  Jan.  1787  to  his  brother,  *I  understand  that  there  will  be 
a  vigorous  attack  upon  it.  ...  I  trust  however  that  it  will  be  found  in- 
vulnerable :  this  is  the  opinion  of  the  most  sensible',  Auckland  Journal,  i. 
169.  See  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  341-2.  See  No.  6995,  &c., 
and  cf.  Nos.  7130,  7132. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  84.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  20.  Reprinted,  G.  W.G., 
1830. 

9iXi3|. 


7129  THE  PRODIGAL  SON. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥Jany  18,  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  in  profile  to  the  1. 
is  seated  on  the  ground  by  a  trough  in  which  two  swine  are  feeding. 
He  is  dressed  in  his  accustomed  manner,  but  his  coat  is  out  at  elbows, 
his  top-boots  wrinkled,  his  breeches  unfastened  at  the  knee  where  the 
Garter  is  represented  by  the  word  Honi  (reversed);  the  three  ostrich 
feathers  lie  on  the  ground  beside  him. 

A  satire  on  the  debts  and  dissipation  of  the  Prince  and  his  estrangement 
from  the  King,  cf.  Nos.  6967,  6974. 

7isX5i6in. 

388 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

7130  THE  OPENING  OF  ST  STEPHEN'S  CHAPEL  FOR  THE 
PRESENT  SEASON. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor,  by  W.  Moore,  N"  48,  New  Bond  Street 
E.  Macklew  N""  9  Hay  market  and  I  Dickie  iV^  Strand  J  any  20^^ 
1787 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  figures  and  objects  have  numbers 
referring  to  notes  beneath  the  title.  Members  of  parliament  on  foot,  horse- 
back, &c.,  hasten  towards  a  building  representing  the  House  of  Com- 
mons in  the  upper  r.  part  of  the  design.  A  wide  doorway  takes  the 
place  of  almost  the  whole  front  wall,  showing  the  interior  with  the  Speaker 
in  his  Chair,  the  benches  and  galleries.  Each  side  of  the  doorway  is  flanked 
with  an  enormous  fish  between  two  loaves;  above  it  is  inscribed  The 
Political  Ark  1787,  and  in  the  gable  end:  Blessed  are  the  K — ng^s 
appointed,  they  shall  taste  the  rich  things  of  the  Land;  but  woe  unto  thos  that 
thwart  his  Rulers  till  they  turn  from  their  wickedness  and  do  that  which 

seemeth  good.   The  building  is  i,  S^  Stephen's ;  the  Speaker,  2.  The 

S r.   The  ministerial  benches  on  the  Speaker's  r.  are  Pro  Rege;  they 

are  crowded,  the  first  two  rows  being  filled  with  loaves  and  fishes,  numbered 
2,  Velvet  seats  for  the  Inns;  the  opposite  benches  are  Pro  Patria,  they  have 
only  one  occupant  and  are  covered  with  spikes :  they  are  3,  Porcupine  seats 
for  the  Outs.  A  man  stands  at  each  side  of  the  doorway,  one  (1.)  says. 
Gentlemen  we  yet  have  Ways  &  Means,  he  is  not  numbered  but  appears  to 
be  4,  Mr  G 1.  (Probably  Thomas  Gilbert,  M.P.  for  Lichfield,  pay- 
master of  pensions  to  the  widows  of  sea  officers.)    On  the  r.  is  5  The  Door 

Keeper  saying.  The  S r  is  in  the  Chair.    The  other  figures  converge 

upon  the  House  from  all  parts  of  the  design :  ministerialists  from  the  1. ,  others 
from  the  r. ;  five  small  figures  on  horseback  in  advance  of  the  Opposition 
say  respectively  (1.  to  r.):  Aye  or  no  for  a  place;  My  conscience  for  a  place; 
I  want  a  place ;  The  Lad  may  be  hard  run  &  glad  to  come  down  handsomely ; 
Thro'  thick  and  thin  for  a  place.  From  the  1.  six  birds  with  legal  wigs  and 
bands,  inscribed  Law  Covey,  follow  a  larger  bird,  holding  an  irradiated 
lantern,  who  says  There  will  be  some  Glorious  Promotions.    He  is  6  The 

A y  G /  or  great  law  luminary  (Pepper  Arden).   The  foremost  of 

the  'Covey'  says,  Impeachment,  if  pursued,  may  afford  us  some  crums  (an 
allusion  to  Hastings's  pending  trial).  Five  bare-legged  men  in  Highland 
dress  are  the  Scotch  Squad,  their  leader  ( ?  Dundas)  carries  his  breeches 
across  his  shoulder  and  says.  We'll  try  for  a  gude  place  mon.  On  the 
extreme  1.  an  elephant  carries  a  castellated  box  on  its  back  from  which  six 
heads  appear,  surrounded  with  coins.   They  are  the  Bengal  Squad.   The 

elephant  is  led  by  7,  M r.  S 1  (Major  Scott,  agent  to  Hastings), 

who  says,  /'//  talk  &  write  Till  black  is  white.  (His  unremitting  advocacy 
of  Hastings  was  considered  ill-judged.)  For  the  'Bengal  Squad'  and  Scott 
see  The  Rolliad,  where  the  Squad  is  called  *The  Pillars  of  Prerogative  and 
Pitt' ;  it  includes  Vansittart,  Call,  Palk,  and  Barwell. 

The  leading  members  of  the  Opposition  are  in  the  lower  r.  corner  of  the 
print :  A  rider  in  back  view  is  (^  ikf  L  saying.  If  Charles  should  ever  get  in 
office  again,  sure,  he  would  give  honest  Jack  a  good  place  (John  Lee,  Attorney- 
General  under  the  Coalition).  North  rides  behind  Fox  on  the  same  horse, 
Fox  saying,  /'//  warrant  we'll  kick  up  a  Dust.  They  are  inscribed  Antigalli- 
cans  (as  opponents  of  the  Commercial  Treaty,  see  No.  6995,  &c.)  and  are  10 

389 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

M'  F &  L A^.  Rather  nearer  St.  Stephen's  are  ii  and  9.    J  j  is  M*" 

S n  (Sheridan),  riding  a  rocking-horse,  whose  rockers  are  inscribed  Wit; 

9  are  M'^  B e  &  M''  F s:  Burke,  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No. 

6021),  holds  two  labels,  one  Impeachment ^  the  other  Francis  Master  Hastings. 
We'll  give  a  good  bastings;  Francis  sits  behind  him  saying.  Anon,  Anon^  Sir. 
Their  horse  is  leaping  over  a  keg  inscribed  Rupees^  in  front  of  it  is  a  larger 
bag  inscribed  Pagodas.    In  the  foreground  on  the  1.  are  22,  igy  and  j6,  the 

last  being  M^  E n  (Eden),  dressed  as  a  Frenchman,  his  coat  dotted  with 

fleurs-de-lis,  saying,  /  must  defend  my  Treaty,  or  farewell  to  all  my  hopes  (cf. 

No.  681 5).   ig  is  M'  P &  L ds  of  the  T y :  Pitt  rides  on  the  back 

of  one  of  the  Treasury  lords,  who  holds  the  coat-tails  of  another  lord  who 
similarly  holds  the  next  lord.    Pitt's  back  is  decorated  with  an  implement 

resembling  a  gridiron  and  inscribed  T y  Saveall  (cf.  No.  6965) ;  in  his 

1.  hand  he  holds  the  French  Treaty,  saying  Gee  ho  for  Universal  Commerce. 
The  four  lords  are  the  Marquis  of  Graham,  Eliot,  Sir  John  Aubrey,  and 
the  Earl  of  Mornington ;  they  are  inscribed  State  Scholars,  indicating  that 

they  are  political  novices.    On  the  extreme  1.  22,  Sir  J M y 

(Joseph  Mawbey),  rides  a  pig  (cf.  No.  5746),  saying.  III  grunt  till  I  get  a 
peerage.  The  less  prominent  figures  on  the  Ministerial  side  are  12^  13,  14, 

ijy  18,  20  (there  is  no  15).  18,  Sir  L K n  (Lloyd  Kenyon)  rides  a 

goat  and  flourishes  a  leek,  saying,  Hur  would  give  hur  coat  &  leak  to  be  chief 
(see  No.  71 23).    ly.  Law  Chicken  is  a  bird  with  a  human  head,  saying,  /  expect 

to  be  a  welch  Judge  (Michael  Angelo  Taylor,  see  No.  6777).    13,  L 

G y  (Lord  Galway)  says,  A  Red  ribband  binds  me.   He  was  M.P.  for 

York,  Comptroller  of  the  Household,  K.B.  in  1786.  14  is  ilf  W—lk — s 
(Wilkes)  saying  /'//  have  a  squint  at  the  market.  12  Ald*^  W n  (Alder- 
man Watson)  holds  up  his  wooden  leg,  saying.  Gratitude  spurs  me  (cf. 

No.  6965).    20,  two  men  riding  an  ass,  are  Mess^  R e  &  S /  (Rose 

and  Steele,  the  Treasury  Secretaries) ;  they  say.  We  mend  as  we  go.  There 
are  four  unnumbered  horsemen  on  the  Ministerial  side:  one  near  the 
'Bengal  Squad'  falls  over  his  horse's  head,  another  says,  F II  push  hard  for 
a  good  place,  another.  It's  a  dirty  road,  a  third,  Interest  is  my  idol.  They 

may  be  23.  Aid.  H 1  [Sir  B.  Hammet,  M.P.  for  Taunton]  &c.  &c. 

This  satire  anticipates  the  opening  of  Parliament  on  23  Jan.,  with  refer- 
ences to  the  two  chief  matters  which  were  to  be  discussed :  the  Commercial 
Treaty  with  France  (see  No.  6995,  &c.)  and  the  impeachment  of  Hastings. 
For  the  question  of  legal  promotions  cf.  No.  7123;  Bearcroft  and  Scott 
(afterwards  Lord  Eldon)  were  expected  to  be  Attorney  and  Solicitor- 
General,  but  'all  these  law  promotions  are  at  a  stand,  as  Lord  Mansfield 
holds  fast'.  Cornwallis  Corr.,  i.  259  (10  Jan.).  For  the  loaves  and  fishes  of 
office  cf.  No.  6962,  &c.  Cf.  also  No.  7682. 
8x12  J  in. 


7131   FARMER  GEORGE  DELIVER'D  OF  A  MOST  GREIVOUS 
S H  [SPEECH]  WITH  THE  CRUELTY  OF  THE  GOSSOPS. 

Poll  Pitt  Det^    Exceutedhy  SalFo.  X 

Pu¥  Jany  23.  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  N'>  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  satire  on  the  (antici- 
pated) King's  Speech  at  the  opening  of  Parliament,  23  Jan.  1787.  The 
interior  of  the  House  of  Commons ;  the  speech  is  an  infant  of  which  the 

390 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    I787 

King,  who  sits  in  a  room  partitioned  off  on  the  r.,  has  just  been  delivered. 

The  child  is  inscribed  The  Farmer's  S h,  it  is  the  object  of  a  tug-of-war 

between  Fox,  Burke,  and  (?)  Sheridan  on  the  r.,  and  Pitt  (1.),  supported 
by  Richmond  who  holds  him  round  the  waist,  and  by  Dundas  who  holds 
Richmond.  Lord  North  sits  aloof  on  a  bench  (1.)  holding  a  bottle.  All 
are  dressed  as  women ;  they  are  the  gossips  who  are  present  at  the  birth 
of  the  child.  The  child  cries  Mamma.  Fox  waves  a  fragment  of  a  paper 
inscribed  Address,  saying,  Fll  maul  you  I  will  you  Brat.  Burke  says  Thats 
my  Diamond  Darken  his  Daylights  (probably  an  allusion  to  the  allega- 
tions against  Hastings,  cf.  No.  6966,  &c.).  Another  fragment  of  Addre[ss] 
lies  at  their  feet.  Pitt  says  Save  Oh  Save  my  Baby.  One  of  his  sup- 
porters says.  Help  the  Sweet  Maid  her  Virtue  will  be  Offended.  In  the 
background  is  the  Speaker  in  his  chair,  saying  To  Order.  The  two  Clerks 
sit  in  front  of  him.  George  III  (r.)  leans  back  as  if  exhausted  on  a  chair 

raised  on  a  dais,  saying.  Oh  my  S h.  A  woman  holds  a  smelling-bottle 

to  his  nose. 

Probably  published  to  coincide  with  the  opening  of  Parliament.    The 
Address  on  the  King's  Speech  was  not  opposed,  though  Fox  spoke  against 
the  Commercial  Treaty  with  France,  see  No.  6995,  &c. 
9X13}  in. 


7132  THE  MEETING  OF  THE  LEGION  CLUB. 

[?  J.  Boyne.] 

Piib:Jany  23^  lySy  at  N°  164  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  satire  on  the  opening 
of  Parliament  which  took  place  on  23  Jan.  In  the  background,  followed  by 
a  crowd,  is  the  state  coach;  George  III  is  seen  through  the  window.  In  the 
foreground  Pitt  (1.),  riding  a  donkey,  advances  to  meet  Fox  and  his  sup- 
porters. Fox  and  North  being  seated  astride  a  cannon  from  whose  mouth 
issues  a  blast  inscribed  Voice  of  the  People.  Pitt  holds  out  a  paper  inscribed 
Treaty  of  Commerce.  On  the  back  of  his  ass  is  a  sack  inscribed  Budget,  a 
saddle-bag  is  the  Shop  Tax,  the  hoofs  on  the  animal's  fore-legs  are 
inscribed  Glove  Tax,  the  head-band  is  Hat  Duty ;  a  blast  from  the  animal's 
hind-quarters  is  inscribed  Tax  on  Perfumes.  The  bag  of  Pitt's  wig  is 
ornamented  with  a  fleur-de-lis,  indicating  the  French  Treaty.  Pitt's 
followers  walk  behind  him ;  the  most  prominent  is  Wilkes,  the  bag  of  his 
wig  inscribed  45  (cf.  No.  5245,  &c.).  Next  comes  a  man  in  naval  dress; 
from  his  coat-pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Spoils  of  the  American 
War  80000  \  he  is  evidently  Lord  Howe,  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty, 
see  Nos.  5399,  7126.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  bishop  in  back  view  holding 
up  his  arms  as  if  preaching  rhetorically.  Two  other  heads  cannot  be 
identified. 

Fox  holds  out  a  paper  inscribed  Repeal  of  the  Shop  Tax.  North  sits 
behind  him,  holding  to  Fox  as  if  for  support.  Their  followers  are  more 
numerous  than  those  of  Pitt :  Burke,  wearing  spectacles,  Portland,  wearing 
a  ducal  coronet,  and  Loughborough,  on  the  extreme  r.,  are  conspicuous. 
A  profile  head  between  Portland  and  Loughborough  may  be  intended  for 
Weltje.  Four  other  heads  are  indicated.  With  the  possible  exception  of 
Wilkes,  who  is  aged  and  toothless,  the  heads  are  scarcely  caricatured.  Behind 
Pitt  is  a  large  and  dignified  house,  either  detached  or  at  a  corner.   Other 

391 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

buildings  are  freely  suggested  in  the  background.    Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved  in  three  columns : 

Such  assemblies  you,  might  swear ^ 
Meet  when  butchers  bait  a  bear; 
Such  a  noise,  and  such  haranguing^ 
When  a  brother  thief  is  hanging: 
Such  a  rout  and  such  a  rabble 
Run  to  hear  Jack-pudden  gabble: 
Such  a  crowd  their  ordure  throws 

On  a  far  less  villains  nose. 

Let  them  with  their  gosling* s  quills, 
Scribble  senseless  heads  of  bills. 
We  may  while  they  strain  their  throats, 
Wipe  our  a s  with  their  votes. 

Like  Nos.  7128,  7130,  an  anticipation  of  the  session  beginning  on 
23  Jan.,  when  the  Treaty  of  Commerce  with  France  was  laid  before  Parlia- 
ment, see  No.  6995,  &c.  Fox  moved  the  repeal  of  the  Shop  Tax  (see  No. 
6798,  &c.)  on  24  April.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  1021  ff.  For  the  other  taxes 
mentioned  cf.  No.  6914,  &c.  See  also  No.  7136. 
io|Xi6|  in. 

7133  FRONT  AND  BACK  VIEW  OF  THE  COMMERCIAL  COALI- 
TION. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E.  Macklew,  N°  9 
Haymarket,  and  W.  Moore,  N''  48.  New  Bond  Street,  Janv  30^^ 
lySy  of  whom  may  be  had  the  new  print  of  the  French  Treaty  Re- 
viewed &c. 

Engraving.  Two  figures :  the  front  view  (1.)  and  the  back  view  (r.)  of  a 
man,  both  divided  vertically  by  a  line  passing  down  the  middle  of  the  head 
and  body,  one  part  representing  England,  the  other  France;  the  English 
parts  are  plainly  dressed  and  stout  with  a  thick  arm  and  leg,  the  French 
are  correspondingly  thin  and  foppishly  dressed,  the  coat  patterned  with 
fleurs-de-lis.  Words  are  written  on  the  two  figures,  which  are  so  arranged 
that  the  stout  English  parts  are  on  the  extreme  1.  and  r.,  the  thin  French 
parts  in  the  centre.  Across  the  face  are  Beef  \  Soup,  Credit  \  Contra, 
Import  I  ation,  the  second  word  of  each  pair  being  on  the  French  side.  On 
the  body :  Bis  \  Count,  En  \  tries.  Capital  \  Bitto,  Pudding  \  Frogs,  Equal  \ 
ising.  But  \  ies.  The  (r.)  English  fist  is  Efnbargo,  the  1.  (French)  hand  holds 
an  Edict,  torn  from  the  adjacent  French  hand.  The  r.  leg  is  Gallant,  the 
1.  Gallant;  the  r.  foot  rests  on  a  paper  inscribed  Prejudi[ce],  the  1.  on  one 
inscribed  Reciprocity. 

The  figure  in  back  view  is  similarly  inscribed,  the  words  on  the  1.  re- 
lating to  France,  those  on  the  r.  to  England :  C  \  ustoms.  Cargo  \  Freight, 
Policy  Posted  \  Honored  Faith,  Expo  \  rtation,  Brawback  Credit  \  Oak 
Advance. 

For  the  commercial  treaty  with  France  see  No.  6995,  &c.    For  the 
comparison  of  the  Frenchman  and  the  Englishman  cf.  Nos.  5611,  5612. 
8xi2|in. 

392 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

7134  CIVIL  WAR,  OR  LORD  LUNATIC  ENCOURAGING  THE 
HOLLANDERS  TO  KNOCK  DOWN  THE  ORANGE  PARTY— 

[Dent.] 

Designed  by  Anti-orange.  Sketched  &  burnt  up  by  George  Firebrand  Esq^. 

Pu¥  by  J.  Carter  Oxford  Street  Jany  30  lySy. 

Engraving.  Lord  George  Gordon  stands  between  two  Dutch  burghers 
of  the  party  of  Patriots,  representing  members  of  the  States  General  at 
Amsterdam,  who  are  about  to  throw  clubs  at  a  pile  of  balls  (oranges)  on 
the  opposite  side  of  a  piece  of  water.  Gordon  holds  a  firebrand  inscribed 
No  Popery,  in  his  1.  hand  are  three  papers  inscribed  respectively  To  the 
French  Amba[ssador]y  To  the  Prussian  Minister ,  and  To  my  dear  Cousin 

G /  G n.  He  says,  Who  throws  at  my  yellow  cock  ? — confusion — why 

thus  hesitate — knock  one  down  you  have  them  all  (an  allusion  to  the  old 
practice  of  throwing  clubs  at  cocks  on  Shrove  Tuesday).  The  Dutchman 
aims  his  club,  which  is  inscribed  Faction,  the  other  stands  behind  Gordon, 
smoking  and  waiting  his  turn.  The  ground  is  intersected  by  strips  of  water 
representing  canals.  On  the  farther  side  of  a  canal  stands  an  officer  with 
an  enormous  sabre  whose  hat  is  inscribed  Prussia;  he  addresses  the  Patriots, 
saying,  If  you  dare  to  spill  one  drop  of  the  Orange  juice,  our  Tall  regiment 
shall  squeeze  your  High  Mightinesses  [Hogan  Mogan]  guts  out — dam' me.  He 
is  evidently  Frederick  William  H,  brother  of  the  Princess  of  Orange.  In 
the  distance  (r.)  a  foppish  Frenchman,  his  hands  in  a  muff,  says,  Ah,  Ah, 
by  gar,  de  French  politics  vos  make  de  countries  conquer  demselves.  Beneath 
the  title  is  etched : 

" O,  mischief!  thou  art  swift'' 

^^To  enter  in  the  thoughts  of  desperate  men"  Shakspere. 

The  feuds  between  the  Patriots  and  the  Stadholder's  party  or  Orangists 
portended  civil  war.  France  was  supporting  the  Patriots  (cf.  No.  6292) 
against  the  House  of  Orange,  whose  position  appeared  desperate.  It  seemed 
probable  that  France  would  gain  a  complete  ascendancy  over  the  United 
Provinces  and  the  Dutch  East  Indies  (cf.  No.  7141).  Frederick  William  II 
refused  help  to  his  sister  and  (May  1787)  contemplated  a  joint  mediation 
with  France  in  Dutch  affairs,  which  would  have  been  a  severe  diplomatic 
defeat  for  England.  Thus  the  print  is  contrary  to  the  diplomatic  situation, 
which,  however,  was  shortly  to  be  reversed  (see  Rose,  Pitt  and  National 
Revival,  pp.  363  ff.).  Lord  George  Gordon  had  been  actively  mischief- 
making  by  his  attack  on  Marie-Antoinette  and  the  French  Ambassador 
over  Cagliostro  (see  No.  7010)  and  over  the  prisoners  in  Newgate  (see 
No.  6992).  He  had  already  attempted  to  interfere  in  Dutch  affairs, 
see  No.  6666,  and  early  in  1787  went  to  Amsterdam,  while  proceed- 
ings for  libel  were  pending  against  him.  His  'cousin'  may  be  O.  D. 
Gordon,  Colonel  of  the  patriotic  corps  of  Utrecht,  known  as  the  Utrechtsche 
Gordon  genootschap  (company),  see  Van  Stolk,  Nos.  4848,  4849  (1787); 
or,  more  literally,  Lieut.-General  Lord  Adam  Gordon.  For  the  Dutch 
crisis  see  No.  7172,  &c. 
8x13  in. 

7135  NEW  LECTURE  ON  HEADS.  [i  Feb.  1787] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine,  1787,  p.  i.  Illustration  to  a  Tolitical 
Lecture  on  Heads'  in  imitation  of  those  given  by  Stevens.   Twenty-eight 

393 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

caricatured  heads  (numbered)  are  arranged  in  six  rows.  In  the  text  six 
heads  only  are  described ;  a  continuation  is  announced,  but  did  not  appear. 
They  are:  J5,  a  'treaty  maker',  a  hostile  account  of  Eden,  in  which  he  is 
most  incorrectly  alleged  to  have  attempted  to  induce  the  Irish  to  agree 
to  the  Commercial  Propositions  (cf.  No.  6792,  &c.).  14^  Burke,  as  the 
*  quintessence  of  oratory',  whose  eccentric  imagination  is  'unrestrained  in 
its  wild  excesses  by  Temper  or  Judgment'.  i6y  Dundas,  a  time-server  and 
an  example  of  the  success  attained  by  arrogance  and  chicanery.  J7,  Pitt, 
*the  modern  Phaeton',  expert  at  'paying  off  the  national  debt  upon  paper'. 
J^,  North,  *a  blundering  statesman  and  a  complete  orator'.  J2,  Fox,  game- 
ster, orator,  &c.  The  heads  are  poorly  characterized  and  Wilkes,  2  j,  is  the 
only  one  who  can  be  identified  without  the  text.  For  the  Sinking  Fund 
see  No.  7551,  &c. 
6|  X  5 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154.  ka. 

7136  THE  POLITICAL  CONTEST. 

Puhlised  Fehy  the  2"^  lySy.  by  Geo^'  Nill,  Fleet  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (1.)  and  Pitt  (r.),  stripped  to  the 
waist,  fight  with  fists ;  three  other  couples  are  engaged  in  less  formal  com- 
bats. The  colouring  of  the  print  shows  that  Fox  is  punishing  Pitt  severely. 
Fox  holds  a  paper  in  each  hand :  Rights  &  Liberties  of  the  People  and  Repeal 
of  the  Shop  Tax.  Pitt  holds  a  torn  paper.  Commercial  Treaty.  On  the 
ground  between  them  Thurlow  lies  prone,  Sheridan  seated  on  his  back 
is  about  to  chastise  him;  from  the  latter's  pocket  issues  a  paper,  Drury 

Lane  M R  [Manager],   Burke  stands  on  the  1.,  threatening  Hastings, 

who  kneels  at  his  feet,  his  hands  raised  in  supplication  drop  a  paper. 
Defence  of  W.H.  Burke  holds  him  by  the  collar  of  his  coat,  from  his  raised 
r.  hand  papers  flutter  downwards:  Princesses  of  Oude;  Charges;  $0,000 
Lost  to  the  I.  Company ;  Charges ;  Tyranny  &  Oppression ;  A  list  of  Murders 
Committed  in  the  East ;  Indians,  80000  Butchered.  On  the  r.  North  holds 
Wilkes  by  the  throat  and  is  throttling  him ;  from  Wilkes's  back  issues  a  puft' 
of  smoke  inscribed  4$  (cf.  No.  5245,  &c.).  See  No.  7132. 
8fXi3in. 

71 37  A  SHOT  AT  THE  MIN  .  .  .  .  R,  FOR  A  CALL  OF  THE  HOUSE 
JSf.  [Bayers.] 

Publ^  6^*  Febyy  lySy  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Str^ 

Engraving.  Fox  (r.),  wearing  a  hat,  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  discharging 
a  blunderbuss  at  the  Commercial  Treaty  (1.),  a  long  scroll  whose  lower 
portion  rests  on  the  floor.  The  muzzle  of  his  weapon  is  the  head  in  profile 
of  Lord  George  Cavendish,  from  whose  mouth  missiles  emerge.  On 
bands  round  the  muzzle  are  etched  the  Cavendish  motto,  Cavendo  tutus. 
From  Fox's  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Methuen  Treaty.  Behind 
Fox  three  seated  members  are  indicated  but  not  characterized ;  Burke  leans 
forward  from  behind  them  holding  out  his  hat  in  agitated  approval.  After 
the  title  is  etched,  a  hasty  Sketch  of  Yesterdays  Business. 

On  5  Feb.  Pitt  moved  for  a  committee  of  the  whole  House  (on  12  Feb.) 
on  the  Treaty  of  Commerce  and  Navigation  with  France.  Cavendish 
moved  an  amendment  to  delay  the  debate.   Fox  then  spoke,  attacking  the 

394 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

treaty  as  {inter  alia)  a  sacrifice  of  the  Methuen  Treaty  with  Portugal,  and 
alleging  that  Pitt  was  'opposed  by  the  whole  body  of  the  people',  and 
'wrong  in  every  article  of  his  scheme'.   Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  346  ff.   For  the 
Commercial  Treaty  see  No.  6995,  &c. 
6^X9/0  in. 


7138  CICERO  AGAINST  VERRES. 
/  B  [J.  Boyne.] 

London   PubF  by  Boyne  &  Walker  N°  11  Great  Turnstile  Lincolns 
Inn  Fields.  Febv  7'*  lySy 

Engraving.  Burke,  in  the  voluminous  robes  of  a  Roman  senator,  stands 
looking  to  the  1.,  making  a  speech,  his  r.  arm  extended,  1.  hand  on  his  hip. 
He  is  bald-headed,  wears  spectacles,  and  his  feet  are  bare.  Behind  him  (r.) 
the  heads  and  shoulders  of  Fox  and  North  are  seen  above  a  barrier  or 
partition.  Fox  watches  Burke  with  cynical  but  melancholy  impassivity; 
North  reads  shortsightedly,  his  back  to  Burke.  In  the  middle  distance  (1.) 
Britannia  is  seated  on  the  ground,  her  arm  protectingly  round  the  shoulders 
of  another  woman,  evidently  intended  for  India;  she  points  to  the  1. 
Beneath  the  design  the  words  of  Burke's  speech  are  engraved: 

The  time  is  come,  Fathers,  when  that  which  has  long  been  wished  for, 
towards  allaying  the  envy,  your  House  has  been  subject  to,  &  removing  the 
imputations  against  trials,  is  {not  by  human  contrivance,  but  superior  direction) 
ejfectually  put  in  our  power.  An  opinion  has  long  prevailed,  not  only  here  at 
home,  but  likewise  in  foreign  countries,  both  dangerous  to  you,  and  pernicious 
to  the  state,  viz.  That,  in  prosecutions,  men  of  wealth  are  always  safe,  however 
clearly  convicted.  There  is  now  to  be  brought  upon  his  trial  before  you,  to  the 
confusion,  I  hope  of  the  propagators  of  this  slanderous  imputation,  one,  whose 
life  and  actions  condemn  him  in  the  opinion  of  all  impartial  persons ;  but  who, 
according  to  his  own  reckoning,  and  declared  dependance  upon  his  riches,  is 
already  acquitted;  I  mean  W H .  /  have  undertaken  this  prosecu- 
tion. Fathers,  at  the  general  desire,  and  with  the  great  expectation  of  the 
British  People,  with  the  direct  design  of  clearing  your  justice  and  impartiality 
before  the  world.  For  I  have  brought  upon  his  trial,  one,  whose  conduct  has 
been  such,  that,  in  passing  a  just  sentence  upon  him,  you  will  have  an  oppor- 
tunity of  re-establishing  the  credit  of  such  trials;  of  recovering  whatever  may 
be  lost  of  the  favour  of  the  British  People ;  and  of  satisfying  foreign  states  and 
kingdoms  in  alliance  with  us,  or  tributary  to  us.  I  demand  justice  of  you. 
Fathers,  upon  the  robber  of  the  public  treasury,  the  oppressor  of  Asia,  and  the 
invader  of  the  rights  &  privileges  of  Britons,  the  scourge  and  curse  of  Indostan. 
If  that  sentence  is  passed  upon  him  which  his  crimes  deserve,  your  authority. 
Fathers,  will  be  venerable  &  sacred  in  the  eyes  of  the  public.  But  if  his  great 
riches  should  bias  you  in  his  favour,  I  shall  still  gain  one  point,  viz.  To  make 
it  apparent  to  all  the  world,  that  what  was  wanting  in  this  case  was  not  a 
criminal,  nor  a  prosecutor ;  but  justice,  &  adequate  punishment. 

Publication  of  the  print  was  probably  timed  to  coincide  with  the  debate 
on  the  fourth  charge  against  Hastings,  that  relating  to  the  Begums  of  Oudh. 
This  was  the  occasion  of  Sheridan's  famous  speech.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi. 
274  ff.  The  inscription  is  a  translation  of  the  first  paragraph  of  Cicero's 
first  Oration  against  Verres,  the  words  'Rome',  the  'Republic',  'Verres',  &c. 
being  altered  to  'British  People',  'W H ',  &c.  For  Burke  as  Cicero 

395 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

denouncing  Verres  see  No.  6925.  The  expression  and  attitude  of  Fox  and 
North  suggest  that  both  are  reflecting  on  the  impeachment  with  which  the 
former  (and  Burke)  had  repeatedly  threatened  the  latter,  cf.  No.  6187,  &c., 
and  No.  7279. 
io|X9|  in. 


7139  THE  BATTLE  OF  HASTINGS. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E.  Macklew  N^  9  Hay- 
market  Fehy  9'*  I78y.  and  W"^  Moore.  N<>  48.  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  A  complicated  design  showing  the  forces  for  and  against 
Hastings,  ranged  on  opposite  sides  of  the  House  of  Commons.  The  figures 
have  numbers  referring  to  a  key  etched  beneath  the  design.  Hastings,  as  an 
oriental  colossus,  stands  on  the  table,  the  Speaker's  head  being  visible 
between  his  legs.  He  wears  a  jewelled  turban,  and  is  naked  except  for  a 
scarf  and  sash  inscribed  Colossean  Nabob,  in  which  is  thrust  an  axe, 
inscribed  A  NaboVs  Heart,  whose  head  lies  against  his  body  where  the 
heart  should  be.  Looking  to  the  1.,  where  the  Ministerialists  are  seated,  he 
scatters  and  disgorges  jewels  which  members  grasp  at  or  catch  in  their 
mouths.  Another  cascade  of  jewels  issues  from  the  point  of  a  spear  with 
which  Pitt  stabs  his  side;  this  stream  falls  into  Pitt's  lap.   The  colossus  is 

J.  M^  H gs',  his  r.  arm  is  inscribed  Peculation.    From  the  Speaker's 

mouth  issue  the  words  To  be,  or  not  to  be,  Impeachment  is  the  question. 
The  members  on  the  1.  say  No,  those  on  the  r.  say  Ay,  Jn  the  foreground 
the  two  chief  combatants  are  fighting ;  behind  each  is  a  musician,  one  being 

2  M^  B e,  leader  of  the  Band:  Burke  stands  on  the  extreme  r.,  beating 

a  drum  inscribed  Impeachment  and  For  the  Honor  of  the  Nation ;  beside  him 
is  the  standard  of  the  British  Battalion.  He,  and  all  the  members  of  the 
British  Battalion  (or  Opposition),  wear  armour  with  plumed  helmets.  On 
the  extreme  1.  stands  Dundas  in  Highland  dress  playing  bagpipes,  the  bag, 

inscribed  Music  hath  charms  to  sooth  &c,  is  full  of  coins.  He  is  3  M  D , 

Commissary  and  Advocate  General  (cf.  No.  7152) ;  he  is  the  musician  of  the 
Bengal  Battalion  (or  Ministerialists).  The  two  champions  are  Major  Scott 

(5,  Major  S 1)  (1.)  and  Sheridan  (r.),  the  latter  in  armour  with  a  shield 

inscribed  Money  Beg — ums',  from  his  mouth  issue  three  forked  darts  of 
lightning :  Truth,  Conviction,  and  Justice.  His  weapon  is  a  large  pair  of 
bellows  inscribed  Argument,  which  he  holds  by  the  nozzle ;  a  smaller  pair 
inscribed  Wit  is  thrust  through  his  belt  which  is  inscribed  Humanity.  His 
helmet  is  inscribed  Sublime  and  Beautiful  Sherry,  suggesting  that  his 

speech  is  derived  from  Burke  (see  p.  499).   He  is  4.  M^  S n,  chief 

combatant  for  the  Begums.  Scott,  like  the  rest  of  the  'Bengal  Battalion',  is  in 
oriental  dress,  wearing  a  turban.  He  is  a  much  smaller  man  than  Sheridan, 
his  weapon  is  shaped  like  an  oar  or  paddle  inscribed  Hotto  Scotto,  round 
it  are  wrapped  papers  inscribed  Pamphlets ;  his  shield  is  a  bag  of  money 
inscribed  Pagodas.   His  belt  is  inscribed  Agency.   At  his  feet  is  an  open 

book,  Defence  of  Gov'  H gs  by  Major  S 1.  Nos.  7-15  are  the  leading 

members  of  the  Opposition,  seated  in  profile  to  the  1.  in  two  rows,  the  word 

Ay  issuing  from  their  mouths.  They  are :  7  M''  F — x,  8.  L d  N h, 

9.  M'  A m,  Adam,  10  Law  Chick,  M.  A.  Taylor,  see  No.  6777, 

J I  M'  F k,  Fitzpatrick,  12.  M^  F s,  Francis,  who  is  at  the  head 

396 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

of  the  second  row,  next  Burke  and  behind   Fox,  13  M^  M — sh — w, 

Marsham,  14  Af  P Sy  Powys.    Next  Powys  sit  28^  M''  G — v — le, 

?  Charles  Greville,^  M.P.  for  Warwick,  a  silent  member,  and  29,  Ald**^ 

S By  Alderman  Sawbridge.    A  crowd  of  undifferentiated  heads  is 

explained  by  &c  &c  &c.  Beyond  the  ordered  phalanx  of  the  Opposition 
are  two  isolated  and  conspicuous  heads,  not  wearing  helmets :  ly  is  Jack 

L ,  Lee,  16  M'  Fl ^,  Flood.  A  confused  group  brandishing  clubs 

is  25  Rear  Attack.  All  these  are  on  the  r.  side  of  the  design  and  on  the 
Speaker's  1. 

The  supporters  of  Hastings,  with  the  exception  of  Dundas,  are  on  a 
smaller  scale  than  their  stalwart  opponents.  Seven  sit  in  the  front  row,  the 
first  four  being:  22  M'' N llsy  John  NichoUs,  M.P.  for  Blechingley  (re- 
turned as  a  Foxite),  who  spoke  just  before  Pitt  in  the  debate  of  13  June  1786 
on  the  Benares  charge.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  99-101 ;  see  also  his  Recollections, 

1820,  i,  ch.  xiii.  23  Aid""  Le  M r,  Paul  Le  Mesurier,  M.P.  for  South- 

wark,  appointed  a  Director  of  the  East  India  Company  for  his  opposition 

to  Fox's  India  Bill,  included  in  the  Rolliad's  Bengal  Squad  ;26M'  S th, 

either  Samuel  Smith,  M.P.  for  Worcester,  a  defender  of  Hastings,  7  Feb. 
1787,  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  340-2,  or  Nathaniel  Smith,  M.P.  for  Rochester,  a 
Director  of  the  East  India  Co.,  who  made  a  reasoned  speech  in  defence  of 
Hastings  in  the  debate  on  9  May  on  the  Articles  of  Impeachment,  ibid., 

pp.   1 1 18  ff.;  2y.  ikf  V 1,  George  Vansittart,  M.P.  for  Berks.,  a 

nabob,  one  of  the  'Bengal  Squad':  *A  second  Hastings,  if  the  Fates  allow', 

Rolliad.    Standing  behind  these  are  20  and  21:  20.  S r  G /, 

Archibald  Macdonald,  the  Solicitor-General,  who  announced,  8  Feb. 
1787,  that  he  could  not  vote  for  impeachment.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  338.  He 

holds  the  banner  of  the  Bengal  Battalion.  Next  him  is  18  M''  P 1 ;  his 

feathered  turban  is  inscribed  Tippoo  Pitto,  and  decorated  with  a  key  whose 
handle  is  a  face  irradiated,  probably  'the  key  of  the  backstairs',  see  No. 
6564,  &c.  He  pierces  Hastings  with  a  spear  inscribed  Refined  Candour  \  2. 
shower  of  jewels  pours  into  his  lap  from  the  wound.   Three  men  stand 

behind  Macdonald  and  Pitt:  ig  At y  G /,  Pepper  Arden,  who 

declared  against  impeachment  on  13  June  1786,  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  115; 

21  Jack  W Sy  Wilkes,  who  spoke  in  defence  of  Hastings  on  9  May  1787, 

Pari.  Hist.  xxv.  1093  ff.  A  man  without  a  number,  next  Pitt,  whose 
open  mouth  receives  a  shower  of  jewels,  appears  to  be  intended  for  Thur- 
low.  The  persons  who  actually  receive  the  jewels  (except  Pitt)  are  all 
unnumbered  and  poorly  characterized.  Behind  them,  among  the  smoke 
which  surrounds  all  the  combatants,  is  the  number  24,  Foraging  Party. 
The  table  of  the  House  is  inscribed  S^  Stephen's.  After  the  title  is  etched 
Bella  Horrida  Bella!  After  the  explanatory  notes,  Avise  la  fin. 

A  print  on  the  debate  of  7  Feb.,  when  Sheridan  made  his  famous  speech, 
to  obtain  the  assent  of  the  House  to  the  article  of  impeachment  on  the 
Begums  of  Oudh.  See  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  123-5.  The  actual 
decision  for  impeachment  was  on  10  May  1787,  without  a  division.  The 
attribution  of  corrupt  motives  to  all  opponents  of  Hastings's  impeachment 
and  the  venomous  attack  on  Pitt  indicate  the  nature  of  the  attacks  which 
would  have  been  made  if  his  attitude  had  not  made  the  question  of  im- 
peachment one  transcending  the  lines  of  party.  Cf.  Nos.  6925,  &c.,  6966, 
6979,  &c.,  7150,  7269,  7281,  &c.  In  No.  7301  (4)  it  is  suggested  that  Pitt's 
attitude  was  intended  to  protect  Hastings.   For  his  part  in  the  impeach- 

^  Thomas  Grenville,  one  of  Fox's  martyrs,  was  not  in  the  1784-90  Parliament. 
The  other  two  Grenvilles  (W.  W.  and  James)  were  ministerialists. 

397 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

ment  see  (differing  opinions)  Cambridge  Hist,  of  India^  v.  307-9 ;  Rose, 
Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  232  ff. ;  Fortescue,  English  Statesmen  of  the 
Great  War,  pp.  51-5. 
ioJxi6/gin. 

7140  THE  CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE,  OR  L'ASSEMBLfe  DES 
NOT-ABLES  ANGLOIS. 

JSf.  [Sayers.] 

PuhF'  the  14^^  Fehy  lySy  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  number  of  men  with  asses'  heads  sit  round  a  table  signing 
a  petition.  They  are  upon  a  platform  in  a  ramshackle  room ;  a  ladder  rests 
against  its  1.  corner;  on  the  ladder  appear  the  head  and  shoulders  of  Fox 
in  back  view ;  he  holds  strings  attached  to  the  noses  of  the  asses.  The  ass 
seated  at  the  head  of  the  table  (1.)  hands  down  to  him  a  Petition  to  the 
House  of  Commons  for  Delay  [signed]  Ign[or]amus.  An  ass  holds  a  long 
document,  the  Commercial  Treaty  with  France,  which  falls  across  the  table 
on  to  the  ground ;  on  his  r.  shoulder  an  ass  rests  his  head ;  another  on  the  1. 
sleeps  with  his  head  resting  on  a  pile  of  books  on  the  table.  A  spectacled 
ass  writes  busily ;  next  him,  at  the  end  of  the  table  (r.),  an  ass  leans  back 
asleep.  The  nose  of  a  braying  ass  appears  through  a  door  on  the  extreme  r. 
Behind  the  table  an  ass  places  a  notice  on  the  wall :  Chamber  of  Commerce 
at  a  Meeting  held  the  10^^  of  February  Resolved.  This  partly  covers  another 
bill:  Chamber  [of]  Commerce  at  a  Meeting  9'*  Ded  iy86  Resolv[ed].  On 
a  shelf  (1.)  a  figure  of  Mercury  with  a  wooden  leg  dances,  flourishing  a 
caduceus;  the  r.  hand  is  broken  off;  behind  it  part  of  a  vase  is  visible 
inscribed  Wedgwood.  Figure  and  vase  are  on  a  pedestal  inscribed  Ex 
Quovis  Ligno  nonfit  Mercurius.  A  casement  window  with  broken  panes  and 
a  raftered  ceiling  indicate  the  squalor  of  the  room. 

A  satire  on  the  attitude  of  the  Chamber  of  Manufacturers  towards  the 
Commercial  Treaty  with  France.  The  attempt  by  the  Opposition  to  use 
this  body  to  oppose  the  treaty,  as  had  been  done  in  the  case  of  the  Irish 
Propositions  (see  No.  6785,  &c.),  failed,  though  it  was  induced  to  petition 
(12  Feb.)  for  the  postponement  of  the  parliamentary  consideration  of  the 
treaty.  Wedgwood  (here  indicated  by  his  wooden  leg),  who  had  organized 
the  industrial  opposition  to  the  Irish  Propositions,  was  in  favour  of  the 
French  Treaty  and  in  correspondence  with  Eden  on  its  terms  (which  were 
highly  favourable  to  English  industrialists).  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  377  ff. ; 
Auckland  Correspondence,  i.  402  ff. ;  Camb.  Hist,  of  Br.  Foreign  Policy, 
i.  167  ff.  See  No.  6995,  &c.  No.  7141  is  on  the  same  theme.  For  the 
pun  in  the  title  cf.  No.  7158. 
Sifxioiin. 

7141  [A  FOX  DOG  EXAMINING  THE  STRONG  BOX.] 

[Sayers.]  f'-  ^^"^  ''«'^' 

Engraving.  A  print  on  the  same  theme  as  No.  7140.  Portland,  Lough- 
borough and  Wedgwood  converse  round  a  circular  table  in  a  well-furnished 
room.  In  the  foreground  on  the  extreme  r.  a  small  fox-like  dog  (Fox) 
inspects  a  strong  box,  holding  the  lid  open  with  his  nose.  Portland  (r.) 
*  Not  published.   Note  by  Miss  Banks. 

398 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

sits  opposite  Wedgwood,  who  stands,  leaning  on  the  table,  his  arms  resting 
on  a  book:  Chamber  [0/]  Commerce  Mtnu[te]  Book.  Wedgwood  gazes 
reflectively  at  Portland  who  gesticulates,  pointing  to  a  head  of  the  Emperor 
Joseph  II  in  a  frame  inscribed :  Josephus  Imper[ator]  [Rex]  Roman,  et.  The 
portrait  is  coming  to  life,  the  Emperor  says  Edict  Bow  wow  wow  and  puts 
a  clenched  fist  through  a  three-fold  screen  which  stands  behind  the  table. 
The  screen  is  covered  with  a  faintly  sketched  map  on  which  are  the  names 
Netherlands  Lorraine  France  Bavar[ia]  Poland  Hungary;  the  Emperor's 
hand  breaks  through  'Bavaria'.  The  screen  partly  obscures  a  second 
picture  (r.):  [T]reaty  of  Alliance  offensive  &  defensive;  France,  a  foppish 
petit-maitrCf  makes  overtures  to  the  Netherlands,  a  Dutchman  seated  on 
an  upturned  tub  and  smoking  a  pipe ;  a  conflagration  or  battle  appears  to 
be  in  progress.  Over  the  chimney-piece  is  a  T.Q.L.  portrait  of  Fox. 
Various  objects  denote  the  importance  of  Wedgwood  in  this  conference; 
one  of  his  classical  vases  stands  under  Fox's  portrait;  next  is  a  figure  of 
Mercury  differing  from  that  in  No.  7140  by  the  absence  of  wooden  leg  and 
caduceus;  it  stands  on  a  pedestal  inscribed:  Wedgwood  fed'  Ex  quovis 
Ligno  non  fit  Mercurius.  Another  Wedgwood  vase  stands  on  a  table  (r.) 
partly  concealed  by  the  screen.  On  the  floor  beside  Loughborough  (1.)  are 
two  large  volumes:  Wedgwoods  Report  and  Birmingham  Case.  Lough- 
borough (as  usual)  is  in  back  view  and  characterized  by  a  peculiarly 
elongated  legal  wig.  Behind  him  and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  a  table  on  which 
are  a  hat  and  papers,  one  inscribed  List  of  the  Directors  His  Or  .  .etheD  . . . 

ofP The  Right  Honble  Cha'  F  [Fox]. 

Fox,  Portland,  and  Loughborough  endeavour  to  overcome  the  approval 
of  the  Commercial  Treaty  by  Wedgwood  (as  spokesman  of  the  manu- 
facturers) by  showing  that  France  and  Holland  are  combining  against 
England,  and  that  the  attitude  of  the  Emperor  is  threatening.  Joseph 
appears  to  be  seizing  Bavaria :  his  scheme  for  the  exchange  of  the  Austrian 
Netherlands  for  Bavaria  had  collapsed  in  June  1785,  but  the  exchange 
remained  an  object  of  Habsburg  policy.  The  danger  of  an  alliance  of 
France  and  the  Dutch  Republic,  involving  a  threat  to  British  power  in 
India,  was  a  real  one  in  the  early  part  of  1787  (see  No.  7134).  It  appears 
not  improbable  that  Sayers  was  recommended  not  to  publish  this  print, 
which  might  have  directed  attention  to  the  diplomatic  arguments  against 
the  French  Treaty.  Cf.  a  letter  of  Sir  James  Harris  from  The  Hague, 
3  Feb.  1787.  Malmesbury,  Diaries,  ii.  276.  The  intrigues  of  France  in 
Europe  were  urged  against  the  Treaty  by  Bishop  Watson,  see  No.  7148. 
lojxioi  in. 

7142     DON    CARLO,    PORTUGUESE    PLENIPO-EXTRAORDI- 
NARY. 


[Dent.]  Designed  by  Lisbon — Execu^  by  Don  Carlo. 
Pu¥  by  J.  Carter,  Oxford  Street  Febv  ly,  lySy 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (H.L.)  wearing  the  cloak  of  a  con- 
spirator and  a  cap  of  Liberty  inscribed  Wishing  Cap,  raises  a  dagger  to 
strike  the  French  Commercial  Treaty,  already  much  cut  and  damaged.  The 
dagger  is  inscribed  Methuen  Treaty ;  under  Fox's  1.  arm  is  a  bulky  rolled 
document  inscribed  Sketch  of  appointment[s]  to  take  place  on  throwing  out 
the  Ministr[y]  with  the  French  [Treaty]. 

Fox's  attack  on  the  Commercial  Treaty  with  France  was  based  on 

399 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

allegations  that  it  was  a  breach  of  the  Methuen  Treaty  (1702)  with 
Portugal,  as  well  as  on  the  contention  that  England  and  France  were  natural 
enemies,  see  debates  of  29  Jan.  and  12  Feb.,  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  260  ff.,  381. 
See  No.  6995,  &c.  For  Fox  as  a  conspirator  cf.  No.  6389,  &c. 
4X4  in. 

7143  LOVE'S  LAST  SHIFT. 

Pu¥  Fehy  26  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse  N  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  squalid  domestic 
interior:  the  Prince  of  Wales  (r.)  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  sit  facing  each 
other  on  each  side  of  an  open  fireplace.  A  calf's  head  suspended  from 
a  string  roasts  before  the  fire.  She  mends  a  pair  of  breeches  which  he  has 
taken  oflP;  on  the  breeches  and  on  his  1.  leg  the  word  Honi  is  conspicuous. 
He  is  out  at  elbows  though  fashionably  dressed.  Next  to  Mrs.  Fitzherbert 
and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  an  infant  in  a  wicker  cradle,  on  rockers ;  the  Prince 
negligently  holds  a  string  attached  to  the  cradle.  On  the  wall  is  a  ballad : 
A  Begging  We  will  go  &c.  The  Prince  of  Wales'  feathers  also  decorate 
the  wall.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  small  table,  scantily  laid  for  one.  Weltje 
kneels  beside  it,  unpacking  a  basket  of  potatoes.  He  looks  round  at  George 
Hanger  who  stands  behind  the  table  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  a  mug. 

A  satire  on  the  Prince's  debts,  see  No.  6967,  &c.  It  is  a  sequel  to  those 
of  1786  on  the  Prince's  marriage  and  expected  child,  see  Nos.  6924,  6954, 
&c.  The  title  is  from  Gibber's  first  play,  Lovers  Last  Shifty  or  the  Fool  in 
Fashion  (1696). 

Reproduced,  J.  Ashton,  FlorizeVs  Folly y  1899,  p.  102. 
8fXi3iin. 

7144  THE  TREATY  OF  COMMERCE  OR  NEW  COALITION. 
G.R  DelinK  Lewis  16  fecit. 

Pu¥  Feby  26y  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  N^  3  Picca[dilly] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Louis  XVI  (1.)  and  George  III  (r.)  sit 
together,  amicably  clinking  glasses ;  the  latter's  r.  hand  is  on  the  shoulder 
of  Louis,  who  says,  with  a  sly  smile,  Mon  cher  Ami  I  will  teach  a  you 
de  Politess  FraiKoise  to  Govern  like  a  de  Grand  Monark  every  ting  but  de 
Francoise  Politique.  From  his  coat-pocket  protrudes  a  paper :  Massacre  S* 
Bartholomew  I5y2 ;  under  his  r.  foot  is  a  paper :  French  Faith  a  Farce.  On 
the  1.  four  lean  Frenchmen  sit  at  a  table  eating  roast  beef  and  plum  pud- 
ding ;  one  says  Oh  I  do  Love  Souck  ( ?)  de  Roast  Beefy  another  says  By  Gar 
dis  be  better  dan  de  Grenouilles.  On  the  r.  three  stout  Englishmen  carouse 
round  a  large  hamper  of  French  wines  inscribed  Burgundy  Champaine 
Clarit.  One  says.  Come  my  boys  heres  the  Treaty  of  Comrnerce  Claritfor  ever 
But  no  Frogs.  Frogs  are  among  the  bottles  in  the  hamper  and  also  among 
a  number  of  empty  bottles  on  the  floor. 

For  the  Commercial  Treaty  with  France  see  No.  6955,  &c.  French  Faithy 
or  the  Virtuous  Individual  was  a  play  on  the  massacre  of  St.  Bartholomew 
translated  from  the  French,  printed  in  The  Devily  vol.  i,  1786.  Baker, 
Biog.  Dram. 

9lXi5iin. 

400 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

7145  CONSOLIDATION  OF  DUTIES,  ADDRESSED  TO  JOHN 
BULL 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor  by  E.  Macklew  N°  9  Haymarkety  Fehv  2y*^ 
lySy 

Engraving.  John  Bull,  grotesquely  stout,  is  pressed  downwards  by  a  large 
rolled  document  which  rests  on  his  head  inscribed  Revision  3000  Resolu- 
tions Simplefication.  This  roll  is  pressed  down  by  three  persons  who  rest 
their  hands  on  it,  their  legs  in  the  air,  as  if  jumping  to  increase  the  pressure 
which  has  already  so  much  compressed  John  Bull,  concertina-fashion,  that 
his  arms  reach  the  ground,  and  his  contour  is  quasi-rectangular.  The 
central  figure  is  Pitt,  saying,  ComCy  boySy  since  they  say  we  have  well  begun^ 
Let's  bear  hard  till  the  whole's  comprest  in  one.  The  other  two  are  probably 
Rose  and  Steele,  the  Treasury  Secretaries.  The  words  Stamps  and  Inci- 
dents are  inscribed  on  John  Bull's  shoulders.  Custom  and  Excise  (crossing 
each  other)  on  his  body. 

The  'simplification  of  the  public  accounts  in  the  various  branches  of  the 
revenue'  was  mentioned  in  the  King's  Speech  23  Jan.,  and  moved  by  Pitt 
on  26  Feb.  1787.  By  the  consolidation  of  duties  the  various  customs, 
excise,  and  stamp  duties  were  to  be  combined  in  a  single  tax  on  each 
article.  The  reform  was  unopposed.  Ann,  Reg.y  lySy^  pp.  105  flp.  Cf. 
No.  6914,  &c. 
7iX4f  in.  (pi.). 


7146    THE    MINISTER   ENDEAVOURING  TO   EKE    OUT    DR 
PR*TY***N'S  BISHO-PRICK. 

J5#[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March       lySy.  by  R,  Phillips,  Southwark. 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt  (1.)  holds  up  the 
dome  of  St.  Paul's  which  he  is  about  to  place  over  the  central  tower  of 
Lincoln  Cathedral  (r.).  He  stands  in  a  graveyard  at  some  distance,  and 
leans  forward,  on  tip-toe,  his  r.  foot  resting  on  a  rectangular  tombstone 
inscribed  Hie  jacet  and  decorated  with  a  bishop's  mitre,  a  winged  skull, 
and  cross-bones. 

Pitt  is  satirized  for  favouritism  to  Dr.  George  Pretyman  (i  750-1 827), 
afterwards  Tomline,  his  Cambridge  tutor,  private  secretary,  and  friend. 
George  III  is  said  to  have  at  first  objected  on  the  score  of  Pretyman 's 
youth.  Pitt's  friendship  exposed  him  to  much  jealousy  and  detraction,  and 
he  was  the  subject  of  many  lampoons,  cf.  No.  6940 ;  Asylum  for  Fugitive 
PieceSy  ii,  1786,  pp.  290,  301  ff.  Thurlow,  whom  Pretyman  succeeded  at 
Lincoln  (conge  d'elire  20  Feb.)  on  the  former's  translation  to  Durham,  had 
been  simultaneously  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  and  Master  of 
the  Temple.   See  also  Nos.  7147,  7149. 

The  imitation  of  Sayers's  manner  is  apparent  but  the  hand  of  Gillray 
is  unmistakable.  The  counterfeiting  of  signature  and  manner  in  a  print 
satirizing  Pitt,  whose  henchman  Sayers  was,  suggests  that  Gillray's  inten- 
tion was  to  damage  or  ridicule  Sayers.  Perhaps  a  retort  to  No.  7147. 
iii|X9iin. 

401  Dd 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7147  ELOQUENCE  FOUNDED  ON  CHEMICAL  PRINCIPLES. 
J5/[Sayers.] 

Puh¥  8'^  March  lySy  by  T.  Cornell. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  Bishop  Watson  of  Llandaff  stands  in 
profile  to  the  r.,  his  arms  outstretched  as  if  preaching.  He  stands  under 
an  archway  formed  by  a  retort,  the  furnace  of  which  is  behind  him  (1.);  the 
neck  of  the  retort  swells  into  a  globe  above  his  head,  then  bends  downwards, 
its  bulb  resting  on  a  table  or  pedestal  (r.).  A  bishop  (Pretyman)  sits  in  back 
view  (1.)  facing  the  furnace.  The  retort  contains  (above  the  furnace)  papers 
inscribed  Treaty  of  Commerce  between  Great  Britain  and  France^  and  also 
(in  the  bulb  which  Watson  faces) : 

Chemical  Deductions  r!^^9  j!^.  ,  .    ^t     71^       /■    * 

[prejudicial  to  the  Manufacturers 

My  Vote  against  the  Treaty. 

In  the  central  bulb  above  his  head  are  small  etchings  of  S^  PauVs  and 

Lincoln  [cathedrals] ;  between  them  is  etched : 

Some  fancy  this  Promotion  odd 

As  not  the  handy-work  of  God 

Though  e^en  the  Bishops  dissapointed 

Must  own  it  made  by  God's  anointed.         Swift. 

Richard  Watson,  a  distinguished  chemist,  spoke  at  length  against  the 
French  Commercial  Treaty,  see  No.  6955,  &c.,  on  23  Feb.  and  i  March. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  517  ff.,  538  ff.  (see  also  No.  7142.)  It  is  implied  that  he 
was  influenced  by  chagrin  at  the  appointment  of  Pretyman  as  Bishop  of 
Lincoln  and  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  see  No.  7146.  For  his  chagrin  see  his 
Anecdotes  of  the  Life  of  Richard  Watson^  181 7,  pp.  159-61. 
iofX9|in. 

7148  THE  REPORT. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E.  Macklew  N°  9  Haymarket  March  the 
8'^  lySy 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  Richmond  (1.)  and  Lord  Lansdowne  (r.)  fire  at 
each  other;  the  former  uses  a  cannon  inscribed  Retort  personal^  the  latter 
a  pop-gun  of  similar  size,  inscribed  Personal  Pop-gun.  Richmond  is  in 
armour,  which  is  decorated  at  waist  and  knees  and  on  his  helmet  with 
fortifications  which  are  emitting  blasts  of  smoke.  The  balls  from  Lans- 
downe's  weapon,  inscribed  Electricity y  have  knocked  off  the  crest  (a  rock- 
ing-horse) on  Richmond's  helmet.  Lansdowne  wears  his  ribbon  and  star; 
he  closes  his  eyes  to  fire.  From  Richmond's  gun  issue  three  papers 
inscribed  To,  Duplicity y  and  Correspondence.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

See  the  Account  of  the  Altercation,  in  the  House,  between  a  noble  D ,  and 

a  certain  M ,  on  the  subject  of  Fortifications,  and  the  subsequent  Report 

of  a  Duel,  in  the  Morning  Papers  of  this  Week. 

A  passionate  altercation  between  Richmond  and  Lansdowne  in  the  Lords 
arose  in  the  debate  of  5  March  on  the  Treaty  of  Commerce  with  France 
(see  No.  6995,  &c.)  in  connexion  with  the  recent  fortifications  of  Cher- 
bourg. Lansdowne  spoke  with  contempt  of  Richmond's  scheme  for  fortify- 
ing Portsmouth  and  Plymouth,  see  No.  6921,  &c. ;  Richmond  retorted  that 

402 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

he  had  approved  the  scheme  when  premier,  accused  him  of  duplicity,  and 
attacked  the  PreHminaries  of  Peace  of  1783  (see  No.  6184,  &c.).  Lans- 
downe  then  accused  Richmond  of  insincerity  in  his  attitude  to  the  Peace. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  572-84.  On  7  March  there  was  a  (false)  report  that  a  duel 
had  been  fought.  Sir  G.  Elliot  writes:  'The  general  wish  I  think  was  that 
one  should  be  shot  and  the  other  hanged  for  it.'  Life  and  Letters^  i.  135. 
See  Nos.  7155,  7163. 
6Jx8Jin. 

7149  SALE  OF  THE  CABINET  STUD.  Plate  i 

Pu¥  March  8^^  lySy  by  I.  Dracey,  Paternoster  Row, 

Engraving.  The  auctioneer  at  Tattersall's  stands  in  his  rostrum  with  his 
hammer,  ready  to  sell  horses  with  human  heads,  numbered  2  to  14^  which 
are  about  to  parade  before  him.  There  is  no  key  with  the  print,  the 
auctioneer  is  i.  The  different  horses,  &c.,  are  arranged  in  four  rows,  the 
first  consisting  of  the  auctioneer  (1.),  the  gateway  of  Tattersall's,  and  2,  a 
powerful  horse  (r.)  with  the  King's  profile,  led  by  a  youth  clearly  intended 
for  Pitt.  The  King  tramples  on  a  paper  inscribed  7Vfl^/o«a/Z)^6^  2^0,000,000 
and  excretes  upon  Mag[na]  Cha\rtd\.  A  paper  inscribed  Fieldings  new 
Peerage  issues  from  Pitt's  pocket,  in  allusion  to  the  great  number  of 
peerages  given  by  Pitt,  see  No.  6631,  &c.  Nos.  3  to  6  are  in  the  second 
row :  J,  The  Thrash  Bag  of  the  Cabinet y  is  a  horse  with  the  head  of  Thurlow, 
the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal  is  across  the  saddle ;  the  man  leading  him  carries 
the  mace.  4  (Pretyman),  a  horse  eating  from  a  sieve  inscribed  India 
Corn  (implying  bribery)  held  before  him  by  a  man  wearing  a  cocked  hat 
(perhaps  Major  Scott),  is  ridden  by  a  small  man  wearing  a  bishop's  mitre 
and  saying  The  Road  to  Lincoln  (see  No.  7146,  &c.).  5  is  a  horse  with  the 
head  of  Dundas ;  Hastings  places  on  his  back  a  large  sack  inscribed  Eastern 
Oats  for  Scotch  Hacks  (cf.  Nos.  7139,  7152).  6  is  a  horse  inscribed  Back 
Stairs  and  wearing  a  baron's  coronet  reversed  and  inscribed  Prostitution; 
he  is  being  led  towards  Britannia  who  points  scornfully  at  him.  He  is 
Jenkinson,  created  Baron  Hawkesbury  on  21  Aug.  1786.  Nos.  7  to  10  are 
in  the  third  row :  7  is  a  horse  with  the  head  of  Eden ;  a  pack  on  his  back  is 
inscribed  For  the  French  King^  a  Staple  Commodity  of  &  Britahi  in  return 
for  a  Pair  of  Lace  Ruffles  and  6  Fans  (see  No.  6995,  &c.).  5  is  a  horse  with 
a  wooden  leg  inscribed  Commissary  drawing  a  two-wheeled  cait  in  which 
sits  a  man  saying  We  the  Lord  Mayor  &  Alderman^  or  Desert  knife  Madge 
Nicholson.  The  horse's  wooden  leg  is  inscribed  0«g  of  the  Rotten  Members 
of  the  City  of  London.  He  is  Brook  Watson  (see  No.  6965) ;  the  City  address 
on  the  escape  of  the  King  from  assassination  (see  No.  6973,  &c.)  is  probably 
indicated ;  9  is  a  horse  with  the  head  of  Wilkes ;  behind  the  rider  is  a  bundle 
inscribed  The  Apostate  Baggage  N°  45  (cf.  No.  6568,  &c.);  his  fore-feet 
are  on  open  books  inscribed  Mag[na]  Cha[rta]  and  Bible,  his  near  hind- 
leg  kicks  Britannia  (seated  behind  him)  in  the  face.  10  is  a  horse  with  an 
aquiline  profile  holding  up  a  wine-glass  in  his  near  fore-foot;  Britannia 
stands  behind  him.  Perhaps  intended  for  Carmarthen.  11  is  a  clumsy 
horse  drawing  a  farm-cart  inscribed  Royal  Filth,  the  profile  not  unlike 
Lord  Sydney.  12  is  a  horse  with  a  packet  on  his  saddle  inscribed  An 
Eastern  Bulse  to  adorn  the  British  Crown  (see  No.  6966) ;  presumably  Hast- 
ings, but  not  resembling  him  (see  5  above).  13  is  the  Duke  of  Richmond 
firing  a  cannon  with  his  near  fore-foot,  a  bundle  on  his  back  is  inscribed 

403 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Plans  of  Fortifications  (see  No.  6921,  &c.).  The  last  horse,  J^,  is  a  lean 
animal  inscribed  Lean  Hog;  he  is  led  by  a  youth  blowing  a  horn  (a  sow 
gelder) ;  a  dog  urinates  against  his  fore-legs.  Probably  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey, 
cf.  No.  5746,  &c. 

The  large  part  played  by  allegations  of  bribes  from  India  (in  Nos.  4!,  5, 
and  12)  is  worthy  of  note,  cf.  Nos.  6966,  7139,  &c. 
8fXi5|in. 

7150  A  NOBLE  LORD,  ON  AN  APPROACHING  PEACE,  TOO 
BUSY  TO  ATTEND  TO  THE  EXPENDITURE  OF  A  MILLION 
OF  THE  PUBLIC  MONEY 

J^#[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  12*^  ^7^7 -  by  R-  Phillips^  Southw^^  London — 

Aquatint.  Lord  Lansdowne  sits  at  a  small  writing-table,  pen  in  hand,  a 
number  of  papers  before  him.  Three  Jews  (1.)  stand  obsequiously  on  his 
r.,  but  he  turns  with  his  enigmatic  smile  towards  a  French  post-boy  (r.), 
a  grotesque  dwarfish  man  with  long  queue  and  jack-boots  holding  his 
whip  and  hat,  who  holds  out  to  him  with  a  cunning  smile  a  paper  inscribed : 

My  dear  Lord  Pans  f  Jan^  1783 

I  am  happy  to  hear  you  have  so  nearly  concluded  your  Alley  Arrangements. 
The  Preliminaries  shall  be  signed  coute  que  coute  by  the  Time  you  desire^  & 
you  may  rely  on  the  Courier's  arrival  on  the  Eve  of  the  23^ 
yours  truly 

Billy  Paradice  [William  Eden.] 

Under  Lansdowne *s  elbow  is  a  paper  inscribed  Memorandums  Pay  off  the 
Mortgage  on  Jesuits  Colledge  in  Berkeley  Square — Pay  off  Solomons  an^  for 
SOo£  p^  Ann^  Inquire  what  Tayt  Ml  take  for  my  Bond  for  300o£  given  for 
furniture  sold  at  Christyes.  The  foremost  Jew  holds  out  to  Lansdowne  a 
paper :  Policy  £1^  to  return  £100  if  the  Preliminaries  arrive  by  Janv  23^iy83 

£1000  pre^  rec^  J.  Gee 

£1000    do    /.  Bond 

£1000  do  P.  Jones 

£1000  do  J.  Wolls 

£1000  do  W  Long 

£1000  do  P.  Pinder 

The  last  name  suggests  that  the  other  names  have  a  satirical  significance : 
J.  Bond,  clerk  and  afterwards  magistrate  at  Bow  Street,  was  satirized  by 
Gillray  in  1782  (Nos.  6120,  6121);  P.  Jones  is  perhaps  Paul  Jones,  see 
No.  5559,  &c. 

On  a  shelf,  inscribed  Waste  Paper ^  in  the  upper  r.  comer  of  the  design, 
are  three  large  bundles  of  papers :  Ordnance  Estimates y  State  of  the  National 
Debt,  and  Civil  List;  two  piles  of  documents  hang  from  the  shelf.  On  the 
wall  above  Lansdowne 's  head  are  two  bust  portraits :  Jo/iw  Calvin,  wearing 
a  steeple-crowned  hat,  gown,  and  bands,  and  Ignatius  Loyola,  a  profile 
portrait  of  Burke  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  as  in  No.  6026,  &c. 

Lansdowne  is  attacked  for  the  Peace  Preliminaries  of  1783,  cf.  No.  7623 ; 
the  accusation  of  timing  them  for  purposes  of  speculation  was  not  made  in 
the  satires  catalogued  in  volume  v  (see  No.  6184,  &c.).  For  his  sympathies 
with  nonconformity  cf.  No.  7628.  Lansdowne  (Shelburne)  was  called  the 

404 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1787 

Jesuit  of  Berkeley  Square ;  hence  probably  the  appearance  in  the  print  of 
Burke,  though  he  had  resigned  on  Shelburne's  appointment  as  First  Lord 
of  the  Treasury,  see  No.  601 1 ,  &c.  The  occasion  of  this  print  is  the  Treaty  of 
Commerce  with  France  (implied  in  'Billy  Paradice'),  see  No.  6995,  &c.,  and 
perhaps  also  the  altercation  between  Richmond  and  Lansdowneon  5  March, 
&c.   See  No.  7148,  &c.   For  the  use  of  Sayers's  signature  cf.  No.  7146. 

Grego,  Gillrayj  p.  85.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  21. 

Reproduced,  Fitzmaurice,  Life  of  Shelburney  19 12,  ii.  200. 
9fXi4f  in. 

7151  A  PUERILE  ATTACK  UPON  AN  OLD  SERVANT. 

ysf 

Published  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street  ly^^  March  lySy 

Aquatint.  Sir  James  Erskine  dressed  as  a  little  girl  but  wearing  a  man's 
wig,  bends  forward  in  profile  to  the  1.  to  thrash  a  mastiff  (Hastings)  who 
lies  (1.)  surrounded  by  a  wreath  of  thorns,  his  collar  inscribed  Keeper  of 
Ind[id\.  He  holds  in  his  1.  hand  a  paper  inscribed  Speec[h]for  Thur[sday] 
Monopoly  of  Opium.  On  the  lash  of  Erskine 's  whip  is  a  judge's  wig 
inscribed  Defence  of  Lord  Clive;  its  handle  is  decorated  with  bells.  Burke's 
head  and  r.  arm  project  into  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design;  he  holds 
leading-strings  attached  to  Erskine 's  shoulders.  Below  him  and  immedi- 
ately behind  Erskine  are  the  head  and  shoulders  of  Francis,  who  leans 
forward,  clapping  his  hands.  Above  Hastings  a  rectangular  block  inscribed 
Impeachment  hangs  by  a  thread.  Beside  him  are  three  stones,  which  have 
been  thrown  at  him,  inscribed  respectively  MalicCy  EloquencCy  and  Calumny. 
On  15  March  1787  Sir  James  Erskine,  M.P.  for  Morpeth  and  nephew  of 
Lord  Loughborough,  opened  the  debate  on  the  articles  against  Hastings, 
moving  that  the  charges  'contained  sufficient  matter  to  impeach'.  Pari. 
Hist.  xxvi.  703  ff.  The  subject  of  his  speech  was  the  charge  relating  to 
contracts,  including  opium  contracts,  op.  cit.,  pp.  710-11.  He  is  here 
represented  as  the  mouthpiece  of  Burke  and  Francis,  while  the  wig  indi- 
cates Loughborough's  defence  of  Clive  in  1773,  see  Pari.  Hist.  xvii.  862  ff., 
873.  Cf.  Nos.  6955,  7139. 
9i|x8|in. 

7151a  An  early  state  before  aquatinting  and  letters,  the  title  and  inscrip- 
tion in  ink.  On  Erskine 's  paper  is  written:  'Minutes  Speech  Thursday 
Opium  Bullocks  Elephants  Mackenzie.' 

Among  the  accusations  in  his  speech  on  15  March  were  allegations 
relating  to  a  contract  for  an  excessive  number  of  bullocks  with  an  undue 
proportion  of  drivers  to  bullocks,  to  a  contract  for  the  feeding  of  elephants, 
and  to  an  opium  contract  given  in  1777.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  704,  705,  710. 

7152  THE  BOARD  OF  CONTROUL.  OR  THE  BLESSINGS  OF  A 
SCOTCH  DICTATOR. 

75#[Gillray.] 

London.  Pu¥  March  20^^  lySy.  by  R.  Phillips,  Southwarke. 

Aquatint.  A  sitting  of  the  Board  of  Control  (established  by  Pitt's  India  Act 
1784) :  Dundas,  Pitt,  and  Sydney  are  seated  behind  a  narrow  cloth-covered 

405 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

table,  but  Dundas  (1.)  monopolizes  the  business,  while  Pitt,  his  back  to 
Dundas,  plays  push-pin  with  Sydney  who  is  on  the  extreme  r.  Pitt  com- 
placently defeats  Sydney  who  starts  back  in  dismay  at  the  position  of  the 
pins.  Dundas  turns  his  head  in  profile  towards  four  ragamuffins  in  High- 
land dress  who  enter  from  the  1.  These,  but  not  the  members  of  the  Board, 
are  caricatured.  The  foremost,  with  shaggy  hair,  torn  garments,  and  bare 
feet,  scratches  himself  (cf.  No.  5940)  as  he  presents  a  petition  with  an 
eager  grimace : 

Almighty  Sir 

We  your  Countrymen  &  Kinsmen  make  humble  application  to  be  appointed 
Governors  or  Directors ,  in  your  India  Department — but  should  that  be  incom- 
patible with  your  present  Engagements  should  be  happy  rather  than  not  be 
employed  under  so  mighty  a  Chiefs  to  go  in  any  capacity:  however  low  trusting 
to  your  gracious  favor  and  our  persevering  Industry  for  future  advancement  & 
we  are  &c  &c  &c 

A  second  petitioner  carries  a  spade,  a  third  scratches  his  head  with  an 
anxious  expression.  Dundas  receives  them  with  favour,  holding  out  his 
hand  for  the  petition.  In  his  1.  hand  is 

A  list  of  fit  Persons  to  succeed  to  the  Direction 


Elphinston 

Duncan  M'^phers\on 

Fraser 

Andrew  McLean 

Stuart 

Donald  McDonald 

Alex'  M'Leod 

Jemmie  M'^In  .  .  . 

Sawney  .  .  . 

Dav  .  .  . 

The  only  actual  director  named  is  the  Hon.  William  Elphinstone,  formerly 
commander  of  an  Indiaman,  member  of  a  family  which  (later)  had  many 
honourable  associations  with  India. 

Other  papers  on  the  table  before  Dundas  are : 

[i]  Gent^  The  inclosed  Names  you  will  adopt  as  the  House  list  on  the 
insuing  Election  I  shall  admit  of  no  variation  whatever.  Yours  &c.  Henry 
Du[ndas]  To  the  East  India  Directors. 

[2]  A  letter  directed  to  Sir  Tho^  Rumbold  &c  &c  &c  (see  Nos.  5341, 
6169,  &c.). 

[3]  Directions  for  the  Government  of  my  [scored  through]  the  Companys 
Servants  in  India — To  whom  they  shall  write.  To  whom  they  shall  not  write. 
To  whom  they  may  write.  The  length  of  their  Letters.  Nothing  relating  to  the 
Company^  s  affairs  to  be  mentioned  unless  the  Account  is  first  sent  them  for  that 
purpose  from  me  or  the  Board  of  Controul  by  my  Order — The  Gov'  Gen^  to 
send  over  an  Account  of  all  the  Company  Servants  with  the  place  of  their 
Nativity. 

[4]  The  humble  Petition  of  the  Bakers  Company — May  it  please  your 
Mightiness  so  large  a  number  of  raw  young  Scotchmen  having  been  sent  to  India 
in  different  Departments  since  your  appointment  to  the  Dictatorship  of  that 
Company;  We  your  humble  Petitioners  fearing  a  stop  will  be  put  to  our  busi- 
ness for  want  of  Journeymen  to  carry  on  the  samCy  hitherto  having  been 
supplied  by  that  needy  but  laborious  People.  We  implore  your  mightiness  to 
take  our  case  into  consideration  y  and  by  dispensing  some  small  part  of  that 

406 


POLITICAL  SATIRES   1787 

immens  patronage  you  enjoy  to  Englishmen  leave  us  hopes  to  be  able  to  con- 
tinue a  Business  so  necessary  &  of  such  general  concern — 
and  as  in  duty  bound 

We  shall  ever  pray  &c.  &c. 
This  paper  is  torn. 

[5]  Right  Honorable  Sir 

Our  Porter  being  deady  We  most  humbly  beg  to  know  your  Pleasure  as  to 
the  appointment  of  a  Successor — We  do  not  presume  to  mention  Our  own 
Wishes  on  this  Head,  but  hope  you  will  believe  that  it  is  with  the  greatest 
Submission  We  inform  you  the  custom  has  hitherto  been  usual  to  let  the  Deputy 
succeed.  We  should  think  ourselves  however  very  culpable  if  we  concealed  from 
you  Right  Honorable  Sir,  that  he  unfortunately  is  an  Englishman,  as  in  all 
probability  this  will  have  great  Weight  with  you  in  your  determination.  We 
desire  at  all  times  £f  upon  all  occasions  to  approve  ourselves 

Right  honourable  Sir 
Your  most  faithfull  and 
Zealously  devoted  humble  Servants 
India  House  John  Pliable  Dep^  Chairman 

March  j/^'  lySy. 

The  papers  in  front  of  Pitt  and  Sydney,  with  their  pens  and  ink-stands, 
have  been  thrown  to  the  floor  to  make  room  for  their  game,  and  are  in 
shadow.  Three  are  inscribed :  Sir  Elijah  Impey,  Major  Scot  &c  &c  &c, 
and  War[ren]  Hastings  Esq.  On  the  wall,  on  each  side  of  a  candelabra,  are 
two  pictures:  one  (1.)  is  Robbing;  Fox  puts  a  pistol  to  the  head  of  a  stout 
Englishman  who  holds  a  document  inscribed  India  Patronage.  The  other 
(r.)  is  Stealing ;  Pitt  picks  the  pocket  of  a  sleeping  oriental,  taking  from  it 
a  roll :  India  Patronage.  Under  the  title  is  etched :  Seriously  recommended 
&  humbly  Dedicated  to  those  it  most  particularly  concerns,  the  Proprietors 
of  East  India  Stock,  by  their  most  obedient,  humble  Servant,  John  English. 

The  Board  of  Control  for  India  (the  six  'Commissioners  for  the  Affairs 
of  India')  was  established  by  Pitt's  India  Bill  (1784).  Sydney  was  its 
President,  Dundas  its  virtual  head.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  p.  220 ; 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  11.  The  allegations  against  Pitt  in  the  pictures 
anticipate  the  clamour  which  was  raised  in  1788  over  his  Declaratory  Bill. 
Ibid.,  V.  72  ff.,  and  No.  7280,  &c.  The  relations  between  Pitt  and  Sydney 
probably  indicate  general  repute :  Sydney  was  replaced  as  Home  Secretary 
by  Grenville  in  June  1789.  Dundas  wrote  to  Cornwallis,  29  July  1787, 
*Out  of  delicacy  to  Lord  Sydney,  the  alteration  in  the  constitution  of  the 
India  Board  was  not  made  as  intended,  last  winter,  but  certainly  will  in  the 
course  of  next.  Lord  Sydney  never  attends,  nor  reads  nor  signs  a  paper. 
.  .  .  M^  Pitt  is  a  real  active  member.  .  .  .'  Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  321.  The 
position  of  the  leading  member  (Dundas)  of  the  Board  of  Control  was 
virtually  that  of  a  Secretary  of  State  for  India.  Camb.  Hist,  of  India, 
V.  200  ff.  Elphinstone  was  to  prove  'the  most  violent  opposer  and  the  most 
formidable  Government  has  had  at  the  India  House'.  Bulkeley  to  Buck- 
ingham, 10  March  1788,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III,  i.  361.  For  the 
popular  theme  of  Dundas  as  lord  of  India  and  distributor  of  patronage 
to  Scots  cf.  Probationary  Odes,  xii,  and  Nos.  7139,  7149,  7183,  7280,  &c. 
Push-pin  is  called  'the  old  game  of  the  Board'  in  The  Album  of  Streatham, 
1788,  p.  60.   For  Gillray's  imitation  of  Sayers's  signature  cf.  No.  7146. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  85.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  22. 
9i|xi4iin. 

407 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7153  A  MILLINER'S  SHOP. 
[?  Kingsbury.] 

London  Published,  March  24^  ijSy,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  N""  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  interior  of  a  shop 
in  Windsor;  Windsor  Castle  (r.)  is  seen  through  the  open  sash-window  of 
a  parlour  behind  the  shop.  The  print  illustrates  a  quotation  from  Peter 
Pindar  engraved  beneath  the  design : 

The  modern  bard  says  Tom,  sublimely  sings 

Of  Virtuous,  gracious,  good,  uxorious,  Kings 

Who  love  their  Wives  so  constant  from  their  Heart 

Who  down  at  Windsor  daily  go  a  shopping 

Their  Heads  so  lovely  into  Houses  popping. 

And  doing  wonders  in  the  hagling  Art. 

And  why,  in  God's  name,  should  not  Queens  &  Kings 

Purchase  a  Comb,  or  Corkscrew,  Lace  for  Cloaks, 

Edging  for  Caps,  or  Tape  for  Apron- Strings, 

Or  Pins,  or  Bobbin,  cheap  as  other  Folks. 

Reader:  to  make  thine  Eyes  with  wonder  Stare 

Farthings  are  not  beneath  the  Royal  Care! 

Pindars  Ode  upon  Ode. 
[Works,  1778,  pp.  342-3.] 

A  long  counter  extends  across  the  greater  part  of  the  design.  The  Queen 
is  seated  buying  tape,  which  she  holds  appraisingly,  looking  with  a  satisfied 
smile  to  one  of  the  Princesses  seated  on  her  1.  The  King  stands  on  her  r. 
Two  fashionably  dressed  ladies  stand  in  the  foreground  (1.)  in  conversation. 
Two  others  make  a  purchase  at  the  r.  end  of  the  counter,  one  turning  her 
head  to  look  at  a  device  for  extending  a  skirt  which  she  is  trying  on.  The 
back  wall  is  lined  with  boxes,  &c.  Above  these  are  hung  specimens  of  the 
fashionable  petticoat  inflators,  a  hat,  &c.  In  the  foreground  a  little  girl 
holds  an  enormous  muff;  a  dog,  partly  shaved  in  the  French  manner,  barks 
at  a  cat  which  stands  on  a  band-box  with  its  back  arched.  In  the  back 
parlour  of  the  shop  (1.)  two  women  sit  at  a  table  sewing ;  a  man  sits  between 
them  threading  a  needle.  The  three  shopmen  behind  the  counter  are 
elegantly  dressed  young  men.  Split  farthing  Milliner  to  her  [Majesty]  is 
inscribed  in  large  letters  over  the  entrance  to  the  parlour  or  work-room. 

The  print  is  a  satire  on  the  King  and  Queen,  and  on  the  fashions  of  the 
day  for  extended  petticoats  and  large  muffs  (see  No.  6874,  &c.).  It  is  also 
an  interesting  view  of  a  shop  interior.  For  the  Queen's  supposed  miserli- 
ness see  No.  7836,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxxii. 
I4jxi9iin. 

7154  PARLIAMENTARY  PERSONALITIES.  [?  c.  March  1787] 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor,  by  E.  Macklew,  N°  9  Hay- 
market,  W.  Moore  N''  48,  New  Bond  Street  and  L  Dickie  N""  ig5 
Strand,  of  whom  may  be  had  the  Battle  of  Hastings  &c. 

Engraving.  The  Ministry  (1.)  and  the  Opposition  (r.),  in  the  guise  of  cats 
and  dogs,  fight  for  the  loaves  and  fishes,  the  Ministry  being  in  possession 

408 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

and  on  the  defensive.  Fox  and  Pitt  as  two  cats  with  human  faces  spit  at 
each  other  in  the  foreground,  Pitt's  r.  fore-paw  is  on  two  fish,  but  he  is  a 
smaller  animal  than  Fox,  who  glares  threateningly.  Behind  him  are  Pepper 
Arden  (a  cat)  and  Archibald  Macdonald  (a  dog).  Attorney-  and  Solicitor- 
General,  both  with  legal  wigs.  Beside  them  is  a  solid  rectangular  pile  of 
loaves  surmounted  by  a  basket  of  fish.  A  dog  with  a  collar  inscribed  Keny[on] 
prowls  on  the  summit  of  the  pile.  Two  cats,  probably  intended  for  Rose 
and  Steele,  the  Treasury  Secretaries,  furtively  snatch  fish  from  the  basket. 
On  the  extreme  1.  behind  Fox  appears  the  head  of  the  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
as  a  sleeping  dog,  his  collar  inscribed  Nor  .  .  (reversed).  Behind  them  a 
line  of  hungry  dogs  yaps  at  the  loaves  and  fishes.  Three  have  dogs'  heads 
and  cannot  be  identified;  on  the  collar  of  one  is  Anon.  The  others  are 
Sherry  (Sheridan),  Burke,  wearing  spectacles,  his  mouth  dripping  saliva, 
and  on  the  extreme  1.  Sir  G^  Co[oper].  Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 

Like  Cats  and  Dogs  they  swear  and  growl. 

And  spit  their  venom  just  as  foul; 

Till  some  old  Tabby  interposes. 

And  Order  their  scolding  closes. 

For  the  loaves  and  fishes  of  office  cf.  No.  6962,  &c. 
74x13  in. 

7155  HONI  SOIT  QUI  MAL  Y  PENSE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  2^  lySy,  [by  J.  Jarvis  Richmond  Buildings^] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Lord  Lansdowne  is 
about  to  force  down  the  throat  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond  a  part  of  his  model 
fortifications  which  are  on  a  dish  beside  him.  These  are  in  the  form  of  a 
semicircle  of  gun-embrasures,  each  marked  with  a  letter  of  the  word 
[F]ORTIFICATION;  Lansdowne  stands  behind  Richmond,  who  is 
seated,  holding  him  by  the  arm,  with  the  letter  F  in  a  spoon  which  he  holds 
before  Richmond's  mouth;  Richmond  starts  back  in  alarm.  The  blind 
Barre,  touching  the  wall  to  guide  himself,  enters  from  the  r.,  leading  by 
the  empty  r.  sleeve  a  lean  and  erect  military  officer  with  a  wooden  leg,  who 
holds  a  long  spear.  On  Richmond's  table  is  a  paper : 
Morning  Post 

Tuesday  March  6th  lySy. 
Marquis  La  .  .  s  .  .  .  n;  This  Letter  if  his  Grace  thought  proper,  he  would 

send  him  under  cover  to  refresh  his  convenient  &  accomodating  Memory 

Lords  Debates 

On  the  wall  (1.)  behind  the  table  is  a  plan  of  fortifications  inscribed 
Cherbourg,  above  it  is  a  scroll  inscribed  en  le  rose  je  fieurie  (the  Lennox 
motto,  cf.  No.  7160). 

Another  satire  on  the  altercation  of  Richmond  and  Lansdowne  in  the 
House  of  Lords.  Lansdowne  having  said  that  representations  should  have 
been  made  on  the  works  going  on  at  Cherbourg,  Richmond  said  that  works 
were  going  on  also  at  Dunkirk  owing  to  the  last  peace  treaty ;  Lansdowne 
responded  with  sneers  at  the  proposed  fortifications  of  Portsmouth 
and  Plymouth.  Richmond  asserted  that  Lansdowne  had  approved  these 
fortifications  when  premier;  the  altercation  becoming  increasingly  heated, 
^  Added  in  ink,  apparently  over  Fores's  imprint  which  has  been  erased. 

409 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Lansdowne  alluded  to  a  letter  from  Richmond  pressing  him  for  a  decisive 
opinion  on  his  plan:  'This  letter  the  Duke  is  very  welcome  to  see;  I  shall 
deliver  it  to  him  to  assist  his  recollection  as  soon  as  he  pleases.*  Pari,  Hist. 
xxvi.  584.  Lansdowne 's  speech  is  satirized  in  Jekylly  A  Political  Eclogue^ 
1788,  attributed  to  Joseph  Richardson: 

Plain  words,  thank  Heav'n!  are  always  understood: 
I  could  approve,  I  said — but  not  I  would. 

Barre,  Lansdowne's  henchman,  had  attacked  the  Plan  of  Fortifications 
in  1786  as  rash  and  mischievous,  and  at  the  same  time  praised  Lansdowne 
for  the  terms  of  peace.  Ibid.  xxv.  1122  ff.   See  No.  7148,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  84-5.   Wright  and  Evans,  No.  19. 
9IX14  in. 

7155a  a  later  impression  with  the  date  and  imprint  erased,  with  the 
addition :  Publisd  by  I.  Jarvis  Richmond  Buildings, 

7156  THE  QUEENS  [ASS] 

[?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  April  ly,  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse  N"  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  holding  his  hat 
and  a  tasselled  cane,  his  r.  hand  in  his  breeches  pocket.  His  coat,  breeches, 
waistcoat,  and  stockings  are  striped,  suggesting  a  comparison  with  the  picture 
of  a  braying  Zebra  on  the  wall  behind  him.  In  the  back-ground  is  a  settee. 
A  zebra  belonging  to  the  Queen  had  been  known  as  the  Queen's  Ass, 
of.  No.  5157.  The  Queen's  Ass  was  the  title  of  a  song  published  in  1762, 
see  No.  3870,  &c.  The  Queen's  affection  for  the  Prince  was  well  known. 
For  the  title  cf.  No.  7384. 
9fX7jin. 

7157  NIMROD. 
A.  Aldbery  Fecit 

Pu¥  April  y'  20^^  lySy,  by  A,  Aldbery,  Strand  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    George  III  rides  a  galloping  horse  in 
profile  to  the  1.  His  head  is  slightly  raised,  his  eyes  apparently  fixed  on  the 
sky.    He  wears  a  hunting-cap.    Trees  are  indicated  in  the  background. 
SeeNos.  7157^,7173- 
9|X  i2i  in.  (clipped). 

7157  A  Engraving.  A  copy  or  perhaps  the  original  of  No.  7157. 
9Jxi2f  in. 

7158  A  CONVENTION  OF  THE  NOT-ABLES. 
[?  Kingsbury] 

Published  April  28^^  lySy  by  S.  W.  Fores  N'>  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).   The  Prince  of  Wales 
and  his  friends  besiege  the  Treasury,  whose  gate  is  on  the  r. :  a  massive  door, 

410 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

Spiked  and  triply  padlocked,  fills  a  stone  arch  inscribed  TRE[ASURY]. 
Fox,  his  legs  encased  in  armour,  stoops  down  to  bite  one  of  the  huge  pad- 
locks. Behind  him  are  Hanger,  about  to  strike  the  door  with  his  massive 
club  (cf.  No.  6924,  &c.),  and  a  barefooted  Scot  in  Highland  dress,  probably 
Adam,  preparing  to  smite  with  a  sword  whose  blade  is  inscribed  Faction. 
In  the  centre,  but  rather  behind  his  followers,  stands  the  Prince,  ragged 
and  dishevelled,  but  fashionable,  firing  at  the  gate  a  blunderbuss  inscribed 
Itch  Diadem.  On  the  1.  are  Burke  and  North:  Burke,  very  lean,  wears 
armour,  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6955)  and  huge  spectacles.  He  clasps  a 
rolled  document  inscribed  Impeachment ^  and  bends  forward,  his  r.  hand 
on  his  hip.  North,  very  short  and  fat,  stands  passively  on  the  extreme  1., 
holding  across  his  shoulder  an  axe  inscribed  To  Conquer  America.  He  is 
grotesquely  dressed,  wearing  a  feathered  helmet,  bag-wig,  and  low  top- 
boots.  Beside  Burke  is  a  barking  dog  standing  over  an  open  book  inscribed 
Plenipotentiary.  Fox,  Burke,  and  North  are  evidently  copied  from  No. 
6955.  There  are  four  placards  on  the  wall  (1.  to  r.) :  [i]  At  a  Meeting  of  the 
Not  Abies  Resolved  Nem  Con  that  they  do  vigioursly  [sic]  attack  the  Treasuary 
with  all  their  proper  Weapons  Get  into  Place,  Humble  the  Pride  of  Master 
Billy,  Kick  out  the  Treaty  of  Commerce,  Convict  Hastings,  Remove  the 
Sceptre,  Repeal  the  Shop  Tax  Pass  Fox's  India  Bill  Keep  their  Places 
&  do  many  more  things  if  they  are  able 

[2]  Whereas  Prosecution  against  High [treason]  in  Fitz[herbert]  (cf. 

No.  6924,  &c.). 

[3]  Soldby  Auction  by  Tattersall  His  Highnesses  StuddA.  Filly  {d.  No.  6967). 

[4,  above  the  Prince's  head]  Theatre  Royal  Benefit  of  M"  F [Fitz- 

herbert]  Seduction    Principal  Characters  .  .  .  R.P. 

Within  the  Treasury  gate,  above  the  door,  is  a  crown  inscribed  Safe; 
words  from  some  one  inside  the  Treasury,  presumably  Pitt,  appear  above 
the  gate :  /  have  Gained  the  ajfections  of  my  Sovereign,  and  they  must  cut 
keener  than  a  Diamond  to  affect  me.  (Probably  an  allusion  to  the  diamond 
sent  to  the  King  through  Hastings,  see  No.  6966,  &c.) 

For  the  Commercial  Treaty  see  No.  6995,  &c. ;  for  the  Shop  Tax  see 
No.  6798,  &c. ;  for  Fox's  India  Bill  see  No.  6368,  &c.  Cf.  also  No.  6945. 
The  French  Assembly  of  Notables  met  on  22  Feb.  1787,  cf.  No.  7140. 

There  is  a  superficial  resemblance  to  the  work  of  Gillray,  chiefly  owing 
to  the  imitation  of  figures  in  No.  6955.  The  stone  wall  which  forms  a  back- 
ground appears  to  be  copied  from  No.  6945. 
ioiXi6J  in. 

7159    POST  HORSE  DUTY 
[Dent.] 

Designed  and  Executed,  by  way  of  specimen,  after  the  manner  of  the 
French,  by  Monster  Le  Premier. 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  for  the  Proprietor,  by  W.  Moore,  N''  48,  New 
Bond  Street,  E  Macklew  N"  9  Haymarket  &  W.  Dickie,  Strand, 
April  30^^  iy86  [?  1787]  of  whom  may  be  had  the  Battle  of  Hast- 
ings &c. 

Engraving.  Pitt,  dressed  as  the  Frenchman  of  caricature,  rides  (r.  to  1.) 
a  snorting  horse  whose  fore-legs  are  inscribed  Oppres  \  sion,  the  hind  legs 
Influ  I  ence.   In  his  r.  hand  is  a  sabre  inscribed  Authority,  with  which  he 

411 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

threatens  Liberty  and  Property,  a  woman  and  man  (r.)  who  have  fallen 
under  his  horse's  feet.  Liberty's  staff  is  broken  and  the  cap  of  Liberty  is 
about  to  fall.  Property,  a  stout  man,  looks  gloomily  at  his  wig  and  hat, 
both  inscribed  Property ^  which  have  fallen  from  his  head.  Pitt's  clothes 
are  patterned  with  fleurs-de-lis,  his  large  feathered  hat  has  a  large  favour 
inscribed  Farmer  Generaly  his  bag-wig  is  inscribed  Farming  Budget,  His 
horse's  streaming  tail  is  inscribed  En  la  Rosejefleuriey  the  family  motto  of  the 
Duke  of  Richmond,  cf.  No.  7156.  A  cloud  of  dust  and  guineas  rises  from  the 
horse's  hind  legs.  A  crowd  of  followers  greedily  collects  the  coins:  Rich- 
mond in  the  forefront  holds  out  a  large  hat,  next  him  a  Scot,  clearly 
Dundas,  holds  out  his  kilt.  The  men  behind  are  much  caricatured  and 
unrecognizable.  In  front  of  Pitt's  horse  (1.)  is  a  signpost.  To  Despotism. 
Above  it  is  a  placard  inscribed.  To  would  be  Farmers.  By  Auction  at  the 

Rose  &  Lilly  Whitehall  The  British  C n  [Constitution]  in  French  lots. 

NB  Purchasers  must  find  Two  staunch  Tories  as  security  for  their  good 
Behavior. 

W.P. 

The  proposal  to  farm  the  tax  on  post-horses  was  made  by  Pitt,  26  Apr. 
1787,  owing  to  the  frauds  of  the  inn-keepers  who  hired  out  the  horses  and 
had  collected  the  tax.    It  was  opposed  as  unconstitutional.   Pari.  Hist. 
xxvi.  1032  ff.  See  Nos.  7160,  7625. 
6|xi3iin. 

7160  THE  INSULTS  OF  THE  BRAVE  I  HAVE  BORN  WITH  SOME 
DEGREE  OF  PATIENCE,  BUT  THUS  TO  EXPIRE  SPURNED 
BY  AN  ASS,  SAID  THE  AGONIZING  LION,  IS  MORE  THAN 
I  CAN  BEAR.    JEsofs  Fables.  [May  1787] 

[  ?  Drawn^]  for  the  British  Mercury,  by  T.  Rowlandson. 

Engraving.  An  ass  with  the  head  of  ( ?)  George  III  kicks  with  its  heels 
at  the  British  lion  (r.),  who  roars  in  agony,  pierced  by  an  arrow  inscribed 
French  Policy.  Beneath  the  lion  are  the  shield  and  (broken)  spear  of 
Britannia;  across  his  back  is  the  Farmer's  General  Bill.  Behind  him  on 
the  extreme  r.  a  bear  with  the  head  of  Thurlow  tears  Magna  Charta  to 
pieces.  In  front  of  the  ass  a  man  with  the  legs  of  a  satyr,  wearing  a  military 
coat  (perhaps  the  Duke  of  Richmond),  kneels  abjectly. 

Behind  (1.)  is  a  castle  with  two  round  towers,  one  inscribed  Bastile,  from 
the  window  of  which  emerge  the  heads  of  Fox,  Burke,  and  Sheridan;  a 
beggar's  bag  hangs  from  a  pole  which  projects  from  the  window  (as  if  from 
a  debtor's  prison).  Next  the  Tower  (1.)  is  a  crenellated  wall  inscribed 
Inquisition.  In  front  of  it  stands  a  table  or  platform  on  which  a  naked 
body  lies  in  a  large  dish.  A  man  with  a  headsman's  axe  stands  beside  it. 
From  the  body  Dundas  (indicated  by  Highland  dress)  takes  a  bag  inscribed 
Roupee. 

An  incoherent  satire  attacking  the  proposal  to  farm  the  tax  on  post- 
horses,  see  No.  7159;  the  French  Commercial  Treaty,  see  No.  6995,  &c. ; 
and  the  Indian  poHcy  of  Dundas,  see  No.  7152,  &c..  For  the  plight  of 
Fox  and  his  friends  cf.  No.  7127.  For  the  King  as  an  ass  cf.  Nos.  5669, 
5683,  6007.  'The  Bastile'  as  an  emblem  of  tyranny  before  July  1789  is 
noteworthy;  cf.  No.  7550,  &c. 

6|  X  9J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  3557  mc. 

*  Cropped. 

412 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

7161  THE  ILL  TIMED  CONTROVERSY.  [i  May  1787] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine^  1787,  p.  169.  Arthur  O'Leary  (1.)  and 
Woodward,  Bishop  of  Cloyne,  in  gown  and  lawn  sleeves  (r.),  sit  on  each 
side  of  a  circular  table,  each  declaiming,  but  not  looking  at  his  opponent. 
Leary  is  plainly  dressed,  in  his  hand  is  an  open  pamphlet:  O^Leary 
Defence.  Woodward  reads  from  a  pamphlet  on  the  table:  The  Danger  of 
the  Established  Church. 

The  plate  illustrates  an  essay  on  the  dangers  of  political  controversy  on 
the  Catholic  question,  and  deplores  the  'fruitless  contention*  between  two 
distinguished  men. 

Woodward  had  published  in  1787  'The  Present  State  of  the  Church  in 
Ireland',  maintaining  that  neither  Catholics  nor  Presbyterians  could  be 
sincerely  attached  to  the  state;  O 'Leary  published  a  'Defence  of  his  Con- 
duct and  Writings  ...  an  answer  to  .  .  .  the  Ill-grounded  Insinuations  of 
the  Right  Rev.  Dr.  Woodward,  Lord  Bishop  of  Cloyne'. 
5 J  X  6i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7162  MOTION  FOR  RESTORING  HIS  H TO  DIGNITY,  OR 

MENTOR  RECONDUCTING  TELEMACHUS  TO  THE  ELYSIAN 
FIELDS. 

|.p.     1  A  Fancy  peice  in  water  Colours 

Designed  by  Blackchin.  [Fox.]  Executed  by  Baldpate.  [Newnham.] 

Pu¥as  the  Act  directs^  for  the  Proprietor^  by  E.  Macklew  N°  9  Haymarket 
and  W.  Dickie  N°  ig^  Strand^  May  the  2^iy8y  of  whom  may  be  had 
the  new  Prints  of  Trip  and  Return  from  Brightony  Jovial  Crew  &c. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (r.),  as  Mentor,  leads  the  Prince  of 
Wales  (1.)  towards  the  'Elysian  Fields',  represented  by  a  table  covered  with 
cards,  dice,  &c.,  by  two  courtesans  drinking,  by  a  horse-race,  and  by  a 
pugihstic  encounter;  the  table  is  in  the  foreground  (r.),  the  other  scenes 
are  on  the  slope  of  a  hill  receding  into  the  background.  On  the  table  one 
of  the  packs  of  cards  is  inscribed  Brooks;  a  book  is  Hoyle  [on  Whist], 
another  is  Faro  Laws ;  the  letters  E  and  O  indicate  roulette  (see  No.  5928, 
&c.).  The  two  women  sit  at  a  round  table  on  which  are  bottles  of  Cham- 
pagne and  Claret.  Fox  wears  a  cloak  over  a  tunic  and  has  bare  legs.  The 
Prince  (Telemachus)  looks  in  profile  to  the  r.  with  surprised  pleasure 
towards  the  'Elysian  Fields'.  He  wears  a  hat  with  three  feathers,  and  bur- 
lesqued classical  costume:  cloak,  ermine-trimmed  tunic,  &c.  On  the  1., 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  stands  Alderman  Newnham,  knocking  at  the  door  of 
the  Treasury.  The  knocker,  inscribed  Delicacy^  is  on  a  mask  with  the 
features  of  Pitt.  On  the  door  the  words  Knock  and  it  shall  be  opened  have 
been  scored  through.  Newnham  wears  a  furred  livery  gown  over  an  apron. 
He  holds  his  hat  in  his  1.  hand  and  from  his  1.  arm  hangs  a  shield  with  the 
arms  of  the  City  of  London  in  reverse  and  the  Prince's  motto  Ich  Dien. 

On  20  Apr.  1787  Alderman  Newnham,  M.P.  for  the  City,  asked  Pitt 
if  the  Ministry  proposed  to  rescue  the  Prince  from  his  financial  embarrass- 
ment. The  question  was  debated  on  24  and  30  April ;  on  the  latter  date 
Fox  roundly  denied  the  Prince's  marriage  to  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  Pari. 
Hist.  xxvi.  1009,  1019,  1064  ff.  Cf.  Nos.  6965,  &c.,  7165,  &c.  For  Fox 
and  the  Prince  cf.  Nos.  6401,  &c. 
6|xi3f  in. 

413 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL   SATIRES 

7163  ANCIENT  MUSIC. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  lo*^  1787.  by  S.  W.  ForeSy  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  King  and  Queen  (1.),  seated  under 
a  canopy  decorated  with  a  crown  and  the  royal  arms,  listen  enraptured  to 
a  concert;  the  performers  are  arranged  in  a  pyramid  on  the  r.  Numbers 
on  the  figures  refer  to  notes  engraved  beneath  the  design.  George  III 
leans  back,  his  hands  clasped,  eyes  turned  ecstatically  upwards ;  he  wears 
a  laurel  wreath  and  his  head  is  surrounded  by  a  star-shaped  halo.  The 
Queen  sits  upright  with  an  eager  expression,  beating  time;  her  hair  and 
scraggy  neck  are  covered  with  jewels  (cf.  No.  6978,  &c.).  On  the  extreme 
1.,  and  on  the  King's  r.,  stands  Pitt,  very  erect,  a  rattle  in  his  r.  hand, 
blowing  a  whistle  attached  to  a  child's  coral  and  bells.  Behind  the  Queen 
are  two  ladies:  4,  lean  and  ugly,  holds  an  ear- trumpet  to  her  ear;  [5],  who 

is  stout,  holds  a  parakeet  on  her  finger.   This  group  is:  i  M^  P 1. 

2  K .  3  Q .  4  Mad.  Schzv—gh — n  [Schwellenberg].  5  Miss  Jeff 5 

[Elizabeth  Jeff^eryes  or  Jeffries,  a  Maid  of  Honour].  The  royal  party  are 
on  a  circular  carpet.  On  the  roof  of  the  canopy  sits  a  demon  holding  up 
a  purse  in  each  hand,  emblem  of  the  supposed  avarice  of  the  King  and 
Queen,  a  favourite  subject  with  Gillray,  cf.  No.  7166,  and  see  No.  7836,  &c. 
Three  demon  hounds,  inscribed  G.  R.  Windsor^  chase  a  realistically  drawn 
fox  (Fox),  to  whose  tail  is  tied  (by  a  ribbon  inscribed  Coalition)  a  pot  with 
the  features  of  North. 

The  performers  are  arranged  behind  a  low  semicircular  barrier.  A  stout 
man  with  a  goat's  head  is  asleep  on  the  1.,  his  hands  clasped  on  his  breast; 
from  his  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Road  to  Wynnstay  (cf.  No. 

7068,  &c.).    He  is  6  S'  W.  W.  W ne  [Williams- Wynn],  one  of  the 

founders  of  'The  Concert  of  Antient  Music'.  A  demon  child  and  an  infant 
with  butterfly-wings  sit  together  on  the  barrier,  singing  from  one  book. 

A  braying  ass  holding  a  book  is  7  Af  Assb ge  (Ashbridge,  a  celebrated 

kettle- drummer).  A  bird  of  prey  ( ?  an  owl)  wearing  a  large  cap  stands  on 
the  barrier,  a  piece  of  music  under  its  claws  inscribed  Anointed  Solomony 

King  over  all,  E .    She  is  8  Mad.  Mara.   Next  7  is  seated  a  large  ox 

supporting  a  music-book  on  his  hoofs.   He  is  J h  B — tes  (Joah  Bates, 

originator  (1776)  and  conductor  of  'The  Concert  of  Antient  Music').  In 
the  second  row  of  performers  (r.  to  1.)  is  a  group  (behind  7  and  8)  of  three 

fishwives:  jo,  D R d.  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  with  a  basket  of 

fish  on  his  head,  arms  akimbo,  is  scolding  jj,  M s  La — sd — e  (Marquis 

Lansdowne),  while  12,  Col.  B — r —  (Barre),  his  eyes  closed,  joins  in  the 
dispute.  An  allusion  to  the  altercation  in  the  House  of  Lords  over  Rich- 
mond's proposed  fortifications  (see  No.  7149  etc.).  Next,  realistically 
drawn,  is  13  Sir  J.  M — why  (Mawbey),  holding  under  his  arm  a  squeaking 
pig  whose  tail  he  is  twisting  as  if  it  were  a  musical  instrument.  Mawbey, 
as  a  distiller,  was  famous  for  keeping  large  quantities  of  hogs,  see  Nos. 
5746,  7506,  &c.  Two  lawyers  sing  from  the  same  music;  they  are  14 
Atty  Gen^  (Arden)  and  13  SoW  Gen^  (Macdonald).  Behind  their  heads, 
and  towards  the  apex  of  the  pyramid,  stand  two  judges  facing  each  other, 
each  holding  a  chimney-sweep's  shovel  and  brush  which  they  strike  together 
in  the  manner  of  chimney-sweeps  on  May  Day.  They  are  16.  D — n — as 
(Dundas)  and  ly.  L^  L — ghh — gh  (Loughborough).  The  former's  shovel 
is  decorated  with  a  thistle,  the  latter's  with  a  man  hanging  from  a  gibbet, 

414 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

with  the  date  1745  and  Ken^  Com  in  allusion  to  the  Jacobites  executed  on 
Kennington  Common,  one  of  whom  was  Sir  John  Wedderburn.  The 
apex  of  the  pyramid  is  18.  Ch — n — // — r,  Thurlow,  standing  with  a  fierce 
expression ;  he  holds  up  a  pair  of  birch-rods  above  the  bare  posteriors  of 
two  terrified  boys  who  serve  as  kettle-drums.  Two  squalling  and  fighting 
cats  hang  from  the  ceiling  by  ribbons  attached  to  their  tails.  Beneath  the 
design  is  engraved: 

Monarchsy  who  with  Rapture  tvildy 

Hear  their  own  Praise  with  Mouths  of  gaping  Wonder ^ 
And  control  each  Crotchet  of  the  Birth-day  Thunder. 
Peter  Pindar. 

The  satire  illustrates  this  and  other  passages  from  Ode  upon  Ode^  which 
attack  Pitt  for  obsequiousness  to  the  King,  and  the  King  and  Queen  for 
their  parsimony  in  attending  the  Concerts  of  Antient  Music  as  subscribers 
instead  of  having  concerts  at  their  palace : 

—  Monarchs,  who  with  oeconomic  Fury 
Force  all  the  tuneful  World  to  Tot 'n 'am  Lane. 

Mawbey  is  mentioned : 

Strains!  that  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey  deem'd  divine, 
Sweet  as  the  Quavers  of  his  fattest  Swine. 

Wynn  also : 

The  sleek  Welsh  Deity  who  Music  knows — 
The  Alexander  of  the  Tot'n'am  Troops. 

Richmond  is  mentioned : 

Mad  as  his  Mihtary  Grace 
For  fortifying  ev'ry  Place  .  .  . 

The  cats: 

How  like  the  Notes  of  Cats,  a  vocal  Pair. 

Other  passages  show  that  the  apparent  fantasy  and  inconsequence  of  the 
design  can  be  traced  to  Pindar's  verses.  The  King  first  attended  the  con- 
certs in  1785.  Parke,  Musical  Memoirs ^  i-  55- 

There  is  an  earlier  state  without  the  numbers  and  explanatory  notes. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  85-6  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  23. 
i6ig  X21J  in. 

7164  LAW  AND  EQUITY.  OR  A  PEEP  AT  NANDO'S. 

[?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  May  14  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Thurlow,  a  barefooted 
penitent  draped  in  a  sheet  but  wearing  his  Chancellor's  wig,  approaches 
a  coffee-house  bar  (1.)  within  which  stands  a  pretty  young  woman.  He  is 
followed  by  a  bishop  who  holds  an  open  book,  saying,  Thou  shalt  not 
Commit  Adultery.  Above  their  heads  is  a  candelabra.  Within  the  enclosed 
recess  which  forms  the  back  of  the  bar  punch-bowls,  an  urn,  coffee-pot,  &c., 
are  ranged  on  shelves.  On  its  semicircular  counter  are  tea-things  and  a 
coffee-pot. 

Thurlow's  attachment  to  the  young  woman  who  presided  at  the  bar  of 

415 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Nando 's  coffee-house  near  Temple  Bar  was  the  subject  of  a  Tete-a-tete  in 
1772,  see  No.  4984.  In  A  Letter  to  the  Bishop  of  London  (n.d.),  signed 
Cassandra,  the  Bishop  is  urged  to  adjudge  penance  on  Thurlow  'for 
Fornication  with  Mary  Edmonds'.  Thurlow's  defence  is  that  he  dis- 
approves of  the  marriage  ceremony,  but  early  in  life  offered  his  hand  to 
Miss  Edmonds.  His  mistress  was  Mrs.  Hervey,  see  Probationary  Odes,  xvi. 
i2|X9iin. 

7165  DIDO  FORSAKEN. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  21^  lySyy  by .  S.  W.  Fores,  Piccadilly ,  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.) 
as  Dido,  seated  on  a  funeral  pyre,  watches  the  Prince  of  Wales  sail  away 
in  a  small  boat  towards  a  castle  flying  a  flag  inscribed  Windsor.  The  wind 
which  fills  the  ragged  sail  of  the  boat  appears  to  be  produced  by  a  blast 
from  the  mouths  of  Dundas  and  Pitt,  whose  profile  heads  are  on  the 
extreme  1.  It  is  directed  at  Dido's  head,  and  has  blown  off  a  royal  crown, 
an  orb  and  sceptre,  and  a  coronet  decorated  with  the  Prince  of  Wales's 
feathers.  With  a  tragic  gesture  she  holds  out  in  her  r.  hand  a  mutilated 
crucifix.  Her  breast  is  bare  and  her  girdle  of  Chastity  is  broken.  At  her 
feet  lie  emblems  of  Popery :  a  sharp-toothed  harrow  inscribed  For  the  con- 
version of  Heretics,  shackles,  a  pair  of  birch-rods,  an  axe,  a  scourge,  and 
a  rosary  and  crucifix.  The  pyre  seems  to  be  made  of  money-bags  (cf. 
No.  7166).  The  boat  is  the  Honor-,  the  Prince  is  seated  between  Fox,  who 
holds  the  tiller,  and  Burke,  who  holds  the  sail ;  his  arms  are  folded  and  he 
looks  over  his  shoulder  at  Fox,  saying,  /  never  saw  her  in  my  Life.  Fox 
echoes  No,  never  in  all  his  Life,  Damme-,  Burke,  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta 
(cf.  No.  6026),  says  Never,  and  North,  who  sits  beside  him,  apparently 
asleep,  says  No,  never.  After  the  title  is  engraved:  Sic  transit  gloria 
Regince. 

A  satire  on  the  debates  on  the  debts  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  when  Fox 
denied  that  there  had  been  any  marriage  ceremony  (even  illegal)  with 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  In  these  debates  Burke  and  North  took  no  part,  the 
Prince's  supporters  being  Fox,  Sheridan,  Newnham,  and  Grey.  The  print 
also  satirizes  the  interviews  of  Dundas  and  Pitt  with  the  Prince  at  Carlton 
House  when  a  payment  of  debts,  an  increased  allowance,  and  a  quasi- 
reconciliation  with  the  King  were  arranged;  this  was  confirmed  by  a 
message  from  the  King  to  the  House  of  Commons  on  21  May.  Pari.  Hist. 
xxvi.  1064  ff.,  1207  ff.  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  155  ff.  Wilkins, 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  George  IV,  1905,  i,  chapters  x  and  xi.  See  Nos.  7162, 
7166,  7167,  7168. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  89  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  28. 
ioJXi4|in. 


THE  MATTER  REVERSED,  OR  ONE  GOOD  TURN  DESERVES 
ANOTHER. 

Pu¥  May  24  lySy  by  J  Notice  Oxford  Road 

A  reissue  of  No.  6595  with  an  altered  date.  , 

416 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 
7166  MONSTROUS  CRAWS,  AT  A  NEW  COALITION  FEAST. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  2<f'  I'jSjy  hy  S.  W.  Fores,  Piccadilly. 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  King,  Queen,  and 
Prince  of  Wales,  seated  round  a  bowl  of  guineas,  ladle  coins  into  their 
mouths  with  both  hands.  The  King  (r.)  and  Queen  (1.),  T.Q.L.  figures, 
sit  facing  each  other,  supporting  on  their  knees  the  bowl,  which  is  inscribed 
John  Bull's  Blood.  The  Queen  is  grotesquely  caricatured  as  a  lean  and 
avaricious  hag,  eagerly  cramming  the  contents  of  two  ladles  into  her  mouth ; 
the  King  is  dressed  as  an  old  woman.  The  Prince  (centre),  scarcely  carica- 
tured, sits  full-face  behind  the  bowl,  wearing  a  fool's  cap  trimmed  with 
three  ostrich  feathers.  All  three  have  throats  terminating  in  long  pelican- 
like pouches;  that  of  the  Prince  is  empty,  the  other  two  are  full.  The 
King's  ladles  are  much  larger  than  those  of  his  wife  and  son.  The  Prince's 
ladles  are  inscribed  £10000  p"  An  and  £60000  p"  An.  They  are  seated 
outside  the  gate  of  the  Treasury,  represented  as  usual  by  a  spiked  gate 
across  a  stone  archway,  but  the  gate  is  open  behind  the  head  of  the  Prince. 

A  satire  on  the  quasi-reconciliation  between  the  Prince  and  his  parents 
which  took  place  when  Pitt  recommended  to  Parliament  a  vote  of  j£  16 1,000 
to  pay  the  Prince's  debts,  ^{^20,000  for  completing  Carlton  House,  and  an 
increase  of  j£  10,000  to  his  annual  income  of  ^£50,000  and  the  revenues  of 
the  Duchy  of  Cornwall  (see  No.  6259,  &c.).  For  the  reconciliation  see 
Auckland  Correspondence,  i.  418,  426-7;  Wilkins,  Mrs.  Fitzherhert  and 
George  IV,  i.  211-12.  See  also  No.  7165,  &c.,  and  for  the  Prince's  debts 
Nos.  6965,  &c.  For  the  supposed  miserliness  of  the  King  and  Queen  see 
Nos.  7836,  &c. 

Three  persons  with  *  craws'  (apparently  goitres)  were  exhibited  in  Lon- 
don as  *Wild-born  human  beings'  (plate  pub.  by  Bowles  14  May  1787), 
and  the  'monstrous  craws'  were  often  mentioned,  e.g.  Walpole,  Letters, 
xiv.  19. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  88  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  24. 
I4jxi8f  in. 


7167  THE  PRINCE  AT  GRASS. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  2^  ijSy.  hy  S,  W.  Fores,  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  7168,  on  the  same  plate.  The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  outside  the  gate 
of  Carlton  House,  turning  away  and  covering  his  eyes  to  avoid  seeing  the 
scaffolding  which  is  being  pulled  down  by  Pitt,  Richmond,  and  Dundas, 
who  strain  at  ropes.  A  long  cloak  hangs  from  his  shoulders  and  he  holds 
a  coronet  decorated  with  three  feathers.  Thurlow  with  a  broom  and 
Dundas  with  a  whip  chase  away  a  terrified  crowd  of  artisans  (1.)  who  have 
been  employed  at  Carlton  House.  Beside  the  Prince  stand  his  friends, 
who  look  towards  a  rising  sun  appearing  over  the  roof  of  Carlton  House ; 
in  the  disk  stands  Liberty,  beckoning  to  them.  Fox  holds  out  a  roll  in- 
scribed Magna  Chart[a] ;  Burke  stands  with  his  hand  on  North's  shoulder; 
Sheridan  holds  the  Bill  of  Rights. 

417  EC 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

A  satire  on  the  attitude  of  Pitt  towards  the  debts  of  the  Prince  in  1786, 
when  the  latter  ostentatiously  discharged  the  workmen  at  Carlton  House, 
see  No.  6965,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  89-90. 
4fX7i^gin. 

7168  THE  PRINCE  IN  CLOVER. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  2^,  lySy.  by  S.  W.  Fores,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  sequel  to  No.  7167, 
on  the  same  plate.  The  Prince  stands  outside  the  gate  of  Carlton  House 
as  in  No.  7167,  but  receives  in  a  lordly  manner  two  purses  from  two 
obsequiously  bowing  Treasury  Secretaries  (Rose  and  Steele).  He  is 
dressed  as  in  No.  7167,  but  wears  his  coronet.  Pitt,  Sydney,  and  Dundas 
kneel  in  a  groveUing  manner  behind  the  Prince,  whose  posteriors  Pitt  is 
about  to  kiss.  Fox,  North,  Burke,  and  Sheridan  stand  behind,  with 
gestures  and  expressions  of  pleased  surprise.  A  tiny  figure,  the  Duke  of 
Richmond,  is  at  work  with  a  trowel  on  the  replaced  scaffolding  (r.),  while 
Thurlow  mounts  a  ladder  carrying  a  hod.  On  the  1.  a  crowd  of  workmen 
wave  their  hats  and  tools  in  delight.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  sits  a  one-legged 
and  one-armed  sailor  clasping  a  purse. 

A  satire  on  the  arrangement  of  May  1787  for  the  payment  of  the 
Prince's  debts,  and  for  an  increase  in  his  income,  see  No.  7165,  &c.  Cf. 
also  No.  7873,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  90  (reproduction). 
4AX7/gin. 

7169  THE  FRIENDLY  AGENT. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥June  9^*  lySy.  by  S.  W,  Fores.  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Major  Scott  (r.)  hauls 
at  a  broad  ribbon  round  Hastings's  neck  by  which  he  is  being  drawn  up 
to  a  gibbet.  The  ribbon,  which  passes  over  a  pulley,  is  inscribed  Defence 
of  W.  Hasti—gs  Esq^.  To  each  of  Hastings's  feet  a  large  money-bag  is 
attached  inscribed  respectively  Rupees  and  Pagodas.  Hastings  looks  with 
terror  towards  an  Indian  with  a  noose  round  his  neck  who  emerges  from 
flames  and  smoke,  saying,  /  am  Nuncomar's  Spirit,  Hast** gs— follow  me! 
Small  demons  in  the  flames  show  that  Nuncomar  is  in  Hell.  The  top  of 
the  gibbet  is  decorated  with  the  mask  of  Burke  looking  towards  Hastings 
with  a  satisfied  smile.  The  King  and  Queen  stand  together  on  the  1., 
mourning  the  fate  of  Hastings.  The  Queen  is  much  caricatured  as  a  lean 
hag,  clasping  her  hands  and  turning  up  her  eyes ;  she  is  pregnant.  Under 
the  King's  arm  is  a  large  packet  inscribed  Bulse.  Hastings,  Scott,  and  the 
King  wear  oriental  dress  with  turbans,  that  of  the  King  surmounted  by 
a  crown.  In  the  background  an  oriental  town  is  in  ruins  but  flies  the 
British  flag ;  tiny  corpses  lie  in  front  of  the  buildings,  two  of  which  are 
Chinese  pagodas  resembling  the  one  at  Kew. 

Major  Scott,  Hastings's  agent,  was  generally  believed  to  have  caused  the 

418 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1784 

impeachment  by  his  'mistaken  zeal'.    Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  364.    But  see 
Camb.  Hist,  of  Indian  v.  307.   For  the  supposed  bribery  of  the  King  and- 
Queen  see  No.  6966,  &c. 
8ix6f  in. 

7170  THE  SICK  PRINCE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  16.  lySy.  by  S.  W.  Fores.  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  lies  in  bed, 
in  extremis;  Thurlow,  Pitt,  and  Richmond  stand  behind  a  curtain  (r.),  the 
first  with  a  dagger  raised  to  strike,  Pitt  clutching  a  dagger.  On  the  other 
side  of  the  bed  Liberty  with  her  cap  and  staff  clasps  her  hands  in  supplica- 
tion for  the  preservation  of  the  Prince ;  behind  her  stand  Fox,  Burke,  North, 
and  ( ?)  Sheridan  in  similar  attitudes.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  Time  advances 
with  his  scythe  towards  the  Prince;  he  has  mown  down  a  man  who  falls 
backwards  holding  on  his  shoulder  a  naked  African  with  a  broken  spear 
( ?  Death).  The  African,  about  to  fall,  clutches  the  head  of  an  apothecary 
seated  on  the  ground.  Rays  of  light  fall  diagonally  on  the  Prince ;  clouds 
extend  over  him  and  his  would-be  assassins.  Resting  on  the  clouds  is  a 
scroll  inscribed:  1800  \  Glory y  \  Conquest^  \  Submission  of  \  America — 
Perfidy  of  France  \  respecting  the  Treaty.  Above  the  Prince's  head  are  his 
feathers  and  Ich  Dien. 

The  Prince  became  ill  in  May  1787  on  Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  refusal  to  see 
him  after  Fox's  denial  of  the  marriage.  He  was  (incorrectly)  reputed  to 
be  'still  in  great  danger'  on  28  May.  Wilkins,  George  IV  and  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herberty  i.  211.  The  Opposition  seem  to  have  had  expectations  from  the 
popularity  which  accrued  (it  was  believed)  to  the  Prince  owing  to  his  ill- 
ness. For  the  French  Commercial  Treaty  see  No.  6995,  &c. 
8^X9!  in. 


7171  THE  DUTCH  DIVISIONS. 

Plenipotentiary  N.  4. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub'^  June  23'^  lySy.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N°  3.  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  One  of  the  same  series  as  No.  7214.  Four  monarchs  divide 
between  them  a  map  of  the  territories  of  the  Dutch  Republic,  all  saying. 
Let  us  support  the  poor  Dutch!  In  the  background  (1.)  the  Stadt  House  falls 
in  ruins,  and  on  a  small  rock  in  the  sea  inscribed  Texel  a.  fat  Dutchman  in 
back  view,  looking  out  to  sea,  says,  NoWy  I  am  an  Absolute  Monarch ;  the 
words  ascend  in  the  smoke  of  his  pipe.  He  holds  a  sword  and  is  surrounded 
by  cackling  geese. 

All  four  sovereigns  hold  the  map,  and  all  shed  tears:  George  III  (r.) 
tugs  at  it  with  both  hands,  tearing  off  a  piece  inscribed  Good  HopCy  Java, 
Sabtty  Eustatiay  CuraCy  Bonaire  ( ?),  Corubay  S^  MartinSy  Surinam.  Frederick 
William  of  Prussia  (1.),  seated  on  the  ground,  wearing  a  fool's  cap  decorated 
with  the  skull  and  cross-bones  of  the  Death's  Head  Hussars,  uses  a  dagger 
to  cut  off  a  piece  containing  Frieslandy  Groningeny  Overyisely  and  Ceylon. 
The  Emperor  Joseph,  standing  opposite  Frederick  William,  slices  the  map 

419 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

with  a  large  sword,  securing  Utrecht j  Zalper  ( ?),  Holland^  Molucca  Islands. 
Between  Joseph  and  George  III  Louis  XVI,  dressed  as  a  French  fop,  uses  a 
pair  of  shears  to  cut  off  Guelderland,  Zeelandy  Rotterda[m]y  and  Hague. 

At  this  time  there  was  virtual  civil  war  in  Holland  between  the  Patriots, 
relying  on  French  support,  and  the  Orangists.  The  concerted  action  of 
England  and  Prussia  to  prevent  an  oligarchic  republic  subservient  to 
France  (which  proved  successful,  see  No.  7181)  was  not  yet  agreed  upon, 
Prussia  fearing  the  intervention  of  Joseph  II.  The  print  anticipates  Pitt's 
letter  (2  Aug.)  to  Cornwallis  ordering  him  to  seize  Trincomalee  should 
hostilities  begin,  possibly  foreshadowing  an  attack  on  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope.  Camb.  Hist,  of  Foreign  Policy y  i.  173;  Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  321-5. 
Cf.  Nos.  7134,  7172,  &c. 
5jx8i|in. 

7172  THE  PATRIOTIC  BURGHERS  ATTACKING  THE  HOUSE 
OF  ORANGE 

ySf  [Bayers.] 

Published  4*^  August  lySy  by  Thcf  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  party  of  clumsy  Dutch  burghers  with  frogs'  heads  advances 
through  very  shallow  water  to  attack  a  ramshackle  thatched  booth,  one 
corner  of  which  is  visible  on  the  extreme  r. ;  from  it  hangs  a  sign  with  the 
H.L.  portrait  of  a  man  in  armour  inscribed  Prince  van  Orange.  From  the 
same  post  flies  a  standard  with  a  double-headed  eagle.  The  leader  carries 
a  standard  on  which  is  the  cap  of  Liberty  and  the  Lion  of  the  United 
Provinces  with  the  motto  Concordia  Res  parvae  crescunt ;  he  smokes  a  pipe 
and  turns  round  to  his  two  followers,  one  of  whom  (also  smoking)  fires 
a  musket  at  random,  turning  his  head  aside.  The  other  holds  a  cocked 
musket.  Behind  them  (1.)  a  small,  foppish  military  officer  with  a  simian 
head  beats  a  drum  inscribed  (})  L  R  [Ludovicus  Rex].  He  stands  on  an 
overturned  basket  to  keep  his  feet  out  of  the  water  and  turns  towards  a 
Dutchman,  seated  beside  (or  in)  a  boat  whose  sail  is  partly  visible  on  the 
extreme  1.,  attempting  to  rouse  him  to  action.  This  man  refuses  to  move: 
his  spear  terminates  in  an  object  resembUng  the  brooms  on  the  masts  of 
ships  for  sale;  his  musket  leans  against  a  barrel.  A  number  of  frogs  sit 
or  swim  at  the  feet  of  the  Dutchmen.  In  the  background  is  a  Dutch  land- 
scape with  water,  trees,  boats,  a  church,  &c.  Three  storks  fly  away. 

During  July  and  Aug.  1787  the  bands  of  Free  Corps  were  marching 
about  the  United  Provinces  with  French  officers  and  soldiers  in  their 
ranks,  taking  places  by  force  and  deposing  magistrates  appointed  by  the 
Stadholder.  Pitt  protested  against  French  support  of  the  Free  Corps  in 
a  dispatch  of  10  Aug.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revivaly  191 1,  chap.  xvi. 
For  the  Dutch  crisis  see  Nos.  7134,  7141,  7171,  7175,  7176,  7177,  7178, 
7179,  7181,  7842. 

Van  Stolk,  No.  4756.  Muller,  No.  4844. 
iiixisJin.  PL  I2jxi5|in. 

7172a  Another  version,  without  the  inscription  on  the  sign-board. 
PubHcation-line  as  above,  but  without  the  final  ^7'  of  the  date,  and  ending 
Bru, 

I  if  X 15-1  in.  PL  I2|X  15J  in. 

420 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

7173  NIMROD. 

[PBearblock.] 

Pu¥  Augtist  15  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  AT"  j  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  reduced  copy  ( ?)  of 
No.  7157  or  No.  7157  A  with  additions:  the  King  is  riding  over  two 
hounds,  one  being  on  its  back.  He  wears  the  Windsor  uniform  as  in 
No.  7258,  &c.   In  the  background  (r.)  is  Windsor  Castle. 

Angelo  attributes  this  print  to  Bearblock.  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  324. 
7isX9jm. 

7174  A  MARCH  TO  THE  BANK. 
[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  Aug^  22^  1787,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Soldiers  march  im- 
passively in  double  file  through  a  crowded  street,  and  over  the  prostrate 
bodies  of  those  whom  they  have  overthrown.  Military  arrogance  and  fop- 
pishness are  personified  by  the  officer,  much  caricatured,  with  a  grotesquely 
elongated  waist  (cf.  No.  7352).  He  places  one  toe  on  the  body  of  a  fish- 
woman  who  lies  on  her  back,  her  legs  much  exposed.  His  outstretched  r. 
leg  is  poised  above  a  crouching  woman  who  tries  to  protect  her  barrow  of 
vegetables.  Two  men  holding  muskets  precede  the  officer;  one  tramples 
on  the  face  of  an  infant.  The  officer  is  followed  by  a  man  carrying  a  pike, 
behind  whom  march  six  soldiers  in  double  file  carrying  muskets  with 
fixed  bayonets.  All  march  ruthlessly,  eyes  front,  regardless  of  the  havoc 
they  are  causing.  A  porter  lies  on  the  ground  clutching  a  broken  wooden 
case  faintly  inscribed  M^  .  .  .  Silversmith ;  from  it  pour  plate  and  jewels. 
The  porter's  knee  is  badly  damaged,  and  his  knot  has  been  knocked  from 
his  shoulders.  A  milliner  or  courtesan  lies  on  her  back  clutching  the  hair 
of  a  barber  who  clasps  her  leg.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  prostrate  woman  tries 
to  protect  her  infant,  and  a  newsboy  with  his  horn  and  a  sheaf  of  the 
Morning  Herald  tries  to  escape  from  the  trampling  soldiers.  Other  victims 
between  the  soldiers  and  the  wall  are  a  woman  with  a  crutch,  a  shoe- 
black, a  man  with  a  tray  of  rolls.  A  pair  of  beseeching  hands  and  two 
female  legs  (r.)  waving  in  the  air  add  to  the  turmoil,  which  is  accentuated 
by  the  writhing  forms  of  the  fish  which  fall  from  the  fishwoman's  basket. 
The  background  is  formed  by  the  wall  of  a  stone  building  with  two  elabo- 
rately barred  niches,  and  by  the  window  of  a  silversmith's  shop  (r.).  After 
the  title  is  engraved  Vide.  The  Strand,  Fleet  Street,  Cheapside  &c.  Morning 
&  Evening. 

After  the  Gordon  Riots  the  Bank  was  protected  by  a  party  of  Guards 
who  marched  in  double  file  through  the  streets.  On  5  July  1787  a  citizen 
complained  to  the  Court  of  Aldermen  of  having  been  pushed  off  the  foot- 
way; the  Mayor  was  instructed  to  request  the  Secretary  at  War  to  order 
the  guard  to  march  in  single  file.  This  was  not  acceded  to;  the  Guards  had 
complained  of  their  treatment  in  the  City,  and  after  lengthy  negotiations 
the  City  proposed  the  withdrawal  of  the  guard  (Oct.  1788).  The  King's 
illness  served  as  an  excuse  for  letting  the  matter  drop.  Sharpe,  London  and 
the  Kingdom,  iii.  216-19. 

Also  an  earlier  state,  uncoloured,  in  which  the  legs  of  the  prostrate 

421 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

fishwoman  are  more  exposed,  additional  drapery  having  been  afterwards 
added. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  90  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  25. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  p.  251. 
16x20  J  in. 

7175  A  PERMANENT  P^E^CE  ON  A  FIRM  BASIS! 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  for  the  Proprietor  by  W.  Dickie  N°  igj  Strand 

Oct  12^^  ij8y 

Engraving.  Pitt  lies  on  the  ground  face  downwards,  having  fallen  from  an 
overturned  rectangular  pedestal  (r.).  This  is  inscribed  Plaster  of  Paris,  and 
has  the  inscription :  Erected  in  Honor  of  a  Treaty  of  Commerce  and  Friendship 
between  two  Rivals  Nations.  He  has  been  overthrown  by  a  blast  inscribed 
Amsterdamers  Gale.  His  body  is  British  Brass.  A  torn  scroll  hangs  above 
his  head :  Plan  for  paying  off  the  national  Debt ;  torn  fragments  inscribed 
Peace  Establishment  lie  on  the  ground.  Under  his  1.  arm  is  a  document : 
French  Treaty y  or  a  long  and  lasting  Peace  secured  by  reciprocal  Advantages. 
A  torn  paper  is  inscribed  System  of  Treaties.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
AlaSy  Poor  Billy! — /  know  him  well  Britannia  ;  a  fellow  of  infinite  Vanity  ^ 
of  most  consummate  Conceit;  he  hath  sworn  a  thousand  times  to  the  goodness 
of  his  Treaty  of  Amity  and  Commerce;  and  noWy  how  easily  a  Dutch  Squall 
overturns  it — Here  hang  those  lips  that  have  deceived  I  know  not  how  oft. 
Where  be  your  reciprocal  advantages ^  your  lasting  Peace ,  your  French  Faith  y 
and  where  your  Gibes  that  were  wont  to  set  your  Boys  on  a  roar?  Not  one 
noWy  to  mock  your  own  grining?  quite  chop-fallen? — Now  get  ye  to  your 
Juvenile  CreWy  and  tell  them  that  however  they  strut  and  brag  inexperience 

to  this  must  come!  make  them  laugh  at  that 

Parody  from  Hamlet  by  Publico  — 

The  print  misrepresents  the  situation:  Prussian  intervention  backed 
by  promises  of  support  from  England  had  already  (by  September)  been 
successful  in  the  United  Provinces.  England  was  the  chief  gainer,  and 
France,  by  passively  accepting  intervention  after  her  undertakings  to  the 
Patriots  in  Holland,  was  discredited.  The  result  was  a  personal  triumph 
for  Pitt.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revivaly  p.  381.  Camb.  Hist,  of  British 
Foreign  Policyy  i.  175.  See  No.  7172,  &c.  For  the  French  treaty  see 
Nos.  6995,  &c. ;  for  the  Sinking  Fund,  No.  7551,  &c.  The  design  appears 
to  be  imitated  from  No.  6365. 
4fX9iin. 

7176  REHEARSAL  IN  HOLLAND     1787. 

[Ramberg.] 

Published  OcV  i8*\  lySy  by  T.  Harmar  N^  164  (opposite  Bond  Street) 
Piccadilly  London 

Engraving.  One  of  a  set  of  four,  and  a  companion  print  to  No.  7177.  A  party 
of  unsoldierly  Dutch  ragamuffins  practises  firing  at  the  figure  of  a  Prussian 
soldier  (r.)  chalked  on  a  high  stone  wall.  They  stand  on  the  brink  of  a 
ditch  close  to  the  wall  and  are  commanded  by  a  man  in  civilian  dress  hold- 
ing a  pike,  evidently  a  member  of  a  Free  Corps,  who  is  directing  the  mili- 

422 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

tary  training  of  the  others.  One  man  stands  up  to  his  knees  in  water;  frogs 
are  climbing  up  him.  Other  frogs  stand  on  the  bank  holding  weapons. 
A  crowd  of  ruffians  (1.)  watch  the  firing,  some  have  muskets,  one  a  blunder- 
buss, one  blows  a  trumpet,  another  waves  his  hat ;  all  exult  at  the  success 
of  their  arms  against  the  symbol  of  the  Prussian  army,  at  which  a  dog 
barks  and  ducks  quack.  The  high  stone  wall  has  a  ruinous  gap  which  is 
filled  with  a  windmill. 

The  Free  Corps,  confident  of  assistance  from  France,  marched  about 
the  United  Provinces  during  July  and  August,  taking  places  by  force  and 
deposing  magistrates  appointed  by  the  Stadholder.  They  collapsed  when 
the  Prussians  under  the  Duke  of  Brunswick  crossed  the  frontier  on  13  Sept. 
See  No.  7172,  &c. 

Van  Stolk,  No.  4958.  Muller,  No.  5032.  A  copy  of  Nos.  7176-9  on  one 
plate,  titles  in  English  and  German,  is  Van  Stolk,  No.  4959;  Muller, 
No.  5031. 
"ftXiSi^gin. 

7177  PERFORMANCE  IN  HOLLAND  IN  SEPTR  &  OCT^   1787. 
[Ramberg.] 

Puhlishd  OcV  i8^\  lySy  by  T  Harmar  iV°  164  {opposite  Bond  Street) 
Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  sequel  to  No.  7176.  Stout  Dutchmen,  members  of  the  Free 
Corps,  flee  in  disorder  before  a  fierce  Prussian  officer,  probably  the  Duke 
of  Brunswick,  who  advances  from  the  r.  on  a  prancing  horse,  threatening 
them  with  a  sabre.  Some  kneel  on  the  ground  with  their  hands  clasped  in 
supplication.  A  French  petit-maitre^  his  hat  under  his  arm,  runs  off,  his 
arms  raised  deprecatingly.  A  number  of  frogs  fall  over  each  other  in  their 
haste  to  escape. 

The  Free  Corps  made  no  stand  against  the  Prussian  troops;  French 
support  was  not  forthcoming.   Amsterdam  closed  its  gates  and  endured 
a  short  siege  relying  on  help  from  France,  but  surrendered  on  10  October. 
See  also  No.  7172,  &c.  For  a  copy  see  under  No.  7176. 
iifXisJin. 

7178  POLITICS  INSIDE-OUT— A  FARCE. 
[Ramberg.] 

Published  Ocr  21'*  ly^?-  by  T.  Harmar  A^«  164.  (opposite  Bond 
Street)  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    One  of  a  set  of  four:  see  No.  7176. 
France,  as  an  elderly  and  ugly  pettt-mattre  (r.),  his  hat  under  his  arm,  holds 
out  obsequiously  an  empty  purse  and  a  snuff-box  towards  Holland,  a  stout 
peasant  who  kneels  at  his  feet,  weeping  and  clasping  his  hands  in  supplica- 
tion.   Behind  Holland  stand  a  Prussian  soldier,  threatening  him  with  his 
bayonet,  and  England,  a  sailor  who  clenches  his  fists.  In  the  background 
(r.)  is  a  windmill.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 
Prussian:  Orange  for  ever!  and  respect  to  the  Ladies, 
English:  Confess  yourself  a  French  Dog! 
Dutch:  Help  me  out  Monsieur!  you  brought  me  in. 

Frenchm:  Me  beg  to  be  excused.    By  gar  me  have  nothing  to  give;  &  me 
remember  the  Duke  of  BronsviCy  Pittj  Rosbac  &  Minden. 

423 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

A  satire  on  the  failure  of  France  to  give  the  aid  to  the  Dutch  Patriots 
which  she  had  led  them  to  expect.  Frederick  William  of  Prussia  had  been 
led  to  intervene  by  an  insult  by  the  Free  Corps  to  his  sister,  the  Princess 
of  Orange,  on  28  June.  The  English  naval  preparations  effectively  dis- 
couraged French  action.  For  the  invasion  of  the  United  Provinces  by  the 
Duke  of  Brunswick  see  No.  7176,  &c.  For  the  Dutch  crisis  see  also 
No.  7172,  &c. 

For  a  copy  see  under  No.  7176. 
i2|Xi9|in. 

7179  MILITARY  RECREATION  IN  HOLLAND 
[Ramberg.] 

Puhlishd  Ocr  24^  lySy,  by  T  Harmar  N"  164,  {opposite  Bond  Street) 
Piccadilly, 

Engraving.  One  of  a  set  of  four:  see  No.  7176.  Five  Prussian  soldiers 
hold  a  blanket  in  which  they  toss  a  fat  Dutch  burgher  who  flies  into  the 
air,  losing  his  hat  and  wig,  a  shower  of  coins  falling  from  his  pocket.  The 
uniforms  of  the  soldiers  are  varied  and  elaborate.  A  drummer-boy  beats 
his  drum  (1.)  and  a  mounted  officer,  probably  the  Duke  of  Brunswick, 
watches  with  amusement,  as  does  a  soldier  standing  beside  him  on  the 
extreme  r.  Behind  (1.)  is  a  high  stone  wall,  from  which  an  English  sailor 
points  out  the  scene  below  to  a  French  petit-maitre  whom  he  holds  by  the 
hair;  the  terrified  Frenchman  drops  his  snuff-box.  On  the  horizon  is  a 
windmill. 

One  of  four  satires  on  the  invasion  of  the  United  Provinces  by  Prussia 
and  the  collapse  of  the  Patriots  who  had  relied  on  French  assistance.  For 
the  Dutch  crisis  see  also  No.  7172,  &c. 

For  a  copy  see  under  No.  7176. 
13JX19I  in. 

7180  THE   CHRISTIAN  AMAZON,   WITH   HER   INVINCIBLE 
TARGET, 

Alias  the  focus  of  Genial  Rays,  or  Dian  of  the  Rushes,  to  much  for 

300,000 y  Infidels. 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  Octr  24^  17^7^  by  J.  Crawford  N"  7 

Middle  Row  Holborn. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  Catherine  H,  as  an  amazon,  wearing  a 
crown  and  jewels,  raises  her  sabre  to  strike  down  the  Sultan,  who  threatens 
her  with  a  levelled  bayonet;  this  she  wards  off  with  a  shield  bearing  a 
double-headed  Russian  eagle,  irradiated.  Louis  XVI,  a  small  crowned 
ape,  stands  near  the  Sultan,  wearing  a  coat,  bag-wig,  and  jack-boots;  he 
looks  towards  Catherine,  holding  out  his  hands.  Behind  (r.)  stands  the 
King  of  Spain  looking  through  an  eye-glass.  Catherine  leans  back  to 
strike;  her  petticoats  are  raised  in  front  to  show  breeches  and  jack-boots. 
Taking  cover  behind  her  back  is  the  Emperor  Joseph  11;  he  stoops,  resting 
his  hands  on  the  hilt  of  his  sabre,  pointing  a  finger  towards  the  Sultan. 
He  wears  a  fool's  cap  decorated  with  the  Habsburg  eagle  and  imperial 
crown  (cf.  No.  7181).  Behind  Catherine's  head  (1.)  is  a  walled  city  on  a 
hill,  above  the  sea  on  which  are  two  ships.  On  the  horizon  on  the  extreme 

424 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

r.  is  the  Turkish  army,  with  a  flag  on  which  are  three  crescents.  The  men 
are  firing  muskets  and  one  cannon  at  the  Empress.  Cannon-balls  and  hand- 
grenades  assail  her  shield.  Beneath  the  design  are  engraved  (1.)  the  words 
of  the  Empress : 

Your  Sublime  HighnesSy  is  to  blame  I  Fear, 
Thus  forcibly  to  Enter  My  Fron  .  .  .  tier 
In  Rearing  Rampant^  on  each  Slight  pretence. 
You  Risk  the  Blush,  which  Shame  gives  Impotence; 
My  Shield  is  tested,  and  Approved  as  Staunch, 

On  the  r.  are  the  words  of  the  Sultan : 

By  Every  Artist,  famous  in  this  .  .  .  Branch, 
Should  then  each  Member,  in  your  Salique  Land, 
Rise  up  against  My  Tower,  and  make  .  .  .  a  Stand, 
They  Shall  yield  Victory,  to  this  potent  Hand. 

Creed. 

Turkey  unexpectedly  declared  war  on  Russia  on  16  Aug.  1787,  cf.  No. 
7 1 81,  &c.  Joseph  was  pledged  to  assist  Catherine,  and  in  Feb.  1788 
declared  war  on  Turkey,  but  the  print  has  little  relation  to  the  diplomatic 
situation  and  is  aimed  at  the  personal  reputation  of  the  Empress,  cf. 
No.  7843. 
9Jxi4in. 

7181  AMSTERDAM  IN  A  DAM'D  PREDICAMENT,— OR— THE 
LAST  SCENE  OF  THE  REPUBLICAN  PANTOMIME. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  r^  i78y.  by  S.  W.  Fores.  AT^  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  fantastic  theatre 
scene,  showing  stage,  orchestra,  and  two  boxes  on  each  side  of  the  stage. 
On  the  stage  the  fall  of  Amsterdam  is  represented  by  a  number  of  frogs 
(burghers)  who  hasten  obsequiously  to  submit  to  the  Stadholder.  William 
V,  much  caricatured  as  a  short  fat  man  wearing  military  dress  with  plumed 
helmet,  gorget,  and  jack-boots,  stands  with  an  uplifted  sabre,  dripping 
blood,  about  to  cut  the  throat  of  a  frog,  who  kneels,  holding  out  a  purse 
in  each  hand.  His  sabre  is  inscribed  W.  de  V;  he  straddles  across  the 
decapitated  heads  and  limbs  of  his  frog-subjects;  under  his  1.  foot  is  a 
standard  decorated  with  three  storks.  A  mutilated  frog  jumps  from  the 
stage  into  the  orchestra  from  which  rise  the  flames  of  Hell.  Other  frogs 
disappear  into  the  flames,  where  demons  act  as  musicians ;  one  plays  a  grid- 
iron with  a  pitchfork,  two  others  sing.  Dominating  these  musicians  is  the 
H.L.  figure  of  a  lean  military  officer  playing  the  flute,  in  gauntlet  gloves, 
his  eyes  fixed  on  the  stage.  The  frogs  who  hasten  towards  the  Stadholder 
have  expressions  of  terror  and  are  dressed  as  Dutchmen.  One  proffers  a 
large  key  inscribed  Stadt  House,  another  a  pail  of  Milk,  another  a  bee- 
hive, another  a  cask  of  Butter,  another  a  keg  of  Holland  Gin.  Behind 
William  V  the  Princess  of  Orange  (1.)  stands  with  her  hands  on  her  hips, 
smiling  coquettishly  over  her  shoulder  at  her  husband,  the  word  Kiss 
issuing  from  her  mouth.  Suppliant  frogs  fawn  upon  her.  The  back- 
ground of  this  scene  is  a  city  wall  (r.)  (Amsterdam)  and  clouds  (1.),  across 
which  straddles  a  grotesque  figure  of  Fame  blowing  two  trumpets.  Above 

425 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  proscenium  the  words  Sic  transit  Gloria  Mundi  replace  the  customary 
Veluti  in  Speculum. 

Monarchs  watch  the  performance  from  the  boxes.  In  the  upper  box  on 
the  r.  Louis  XVI  leans  forward  in  consternation,  dropping  his  snuff-box, 
and  saying.  Me  am  Dam!  In  the  lower  box  George  III  stands  looking  up, 
shaking  a  club  inscribed  Oak  and  saying  Fm  ready  for  you.  He  puts  a  foot 
on  the  front  of  the  box  as  if  about  to  climb  up  to  Louis.  From  the  upper 
box  on  the  1.  Catherine  of  Russia  leans  out,  shaking  her  fist  at  the  Sultan 
of  Turkey  in  the  box  below.  She  says  Blast  yoUy  you  old  Goat!  to  keep  so 
many  Women  shut  up  in  your  Seraglio.  Fll  turn  over  a  new  Leaf  &  allow 
every  Woman  20000  Men.  Behind  her  stands  the  Emperor  Joseph  II 
scowling  down  at  the  Sultan,  his  r.  hand  on  her  bare  breast,  his  1.  fist 
clenched.  He  wears  a  fool's  cap  decorated  with  the  Habsburg  eagle  as  in 
No.  7180.  The  Sultan  stands  in  his  box,  drawing  his  sabre;  he  scowls  up 
at  the  Empress,  saying.  By  our  holy  Prophet  &  sacred  Mecca^  Fll  curb  that 
wanton  Spirit.  Behind  him  stand  veiled  ladies  of  the  seraglio. 

The  surrender  of  Amsterdam  on  10  Oct.  marked  the  end  of  the  revolt 
of  the  Patriots  against  the  Stadholder,  whose  supineness  had  encouraged 
their  excesses.  The  bold  action  of  the  Princess  of  Orange  in  attempting 
to  reach  The  Hague  in  June,  and  her  subsequent  treatment  by  the  Patriots, 
had  induced  her  brother,  Frederick  William  II  of  Prussia,  to  send  military 
help.  His  last  hesitations  were  ended  by  the  news  (7  Sept.)  that  Turkey 
had  declared  war  on  Russia,  whom  Joseph  II  was  pledged  to  assist.  The 
success  of  the  Patriots  would  have  meant  the  triumph  of  French  interests 
in  the  United  Provinces,  with  a  threat  to  British  power  in  the  East.  Rose, 
Pitt  and  National  Revival^  191 1,  chaps,  xv,  xvi.  For  the  Dutch  crisis  see 
No.  7172,  &c. ;  for  Russia  and  Turkey,  Nos.  7180,  7189. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  91  (copy).   Wright  and  Evans,  No.  29. 

Van  Stolk,  No.  4960.  Muller,  No.  5033. 
I2fxi7in. 

7182  REFORMATION— OR,  THE  WONDERFUL  EFFECTS  OF  A 
PROCLAMATION!!! 

[Attributed  to  Rowlandson,  ?  H.  W.] 

Pu¥  by  Paddy  Whack,^  Oxford  Street  Nov'  5  lySy. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  church  (?  the  Chapel  Royal)  showing 
pulpit,  side-gallery,  and  pews  beneath  the  gallery.  Wilkes  (1.)  is  the 
preacher,  beneath  him  is  his  clerk,  Pitt.  At  a  r.  angle  to  the  gallery  is 
the  royal  pew  (r.),  from  which  the  King  looks  with  earnest  attention  to  the 
preacher.  Queen  Charlotte,  her  fingers  to  her  mouth,  also  listens  atten- 
tively. A  lady-in-waiting  and  a  courtier  with  a  long  wand  (Lord  Salisbury, 
the  Lord  Chamberlain)  stand  behind.  The  pew  is  decorated  with  the 
royal  arms  and  has  a  canopy.  In  the  centre  of  the  gallery  sit  the  Prince  of 
Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert ;  he  turns  away  from  the  preacher,  looking  at 
her.  Behind  him  stands  George  Hanger;  behind  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  sits  a 
man  looking  at  Wilkes  through  a  spy-glass.  Between  him  and  the  royal 
pew  are  three  men  in  legal  wigs  and  gowns :  Pepper  Arden,  Dundas,  and 

»  Taddy  Whack'  was  the  typical  convivial  Irishman:  Paddy  Whack* s  Bottle 
Companion,  a  Collection  of  Convivial  Songs  .  .  .  was  published  by  Holland  in  179 1 
with  a  frontispiece  purporting  to  be  a  portrait  of  P.  W.  The  name  here  probably 
stands  for  W.  Holland. 

426 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

( ?)  Kenyon.  Between  the  Prince  and  the  pulpit  sit  North  (asleep)  and 
Burke,  looking  intently  at  Wilkes;  a  lady  (?  Duchess  of  Devonshire) 
attempts  to  wake  North.  In  the  seats  under  the  gallery  sit  parties  of  citi- 
zens, in  general  asleep  or  inattentive.  Below  the  royal  pew  stands  Fox  on 
a  low  stool  as  a  penitent  draped  in  a  sheet;  he  wears  a  placard  inscribed 
For  Playing  Cards  on  the  Lord's  Day.  A  stout  lady  with  an  aquiline  nose 
stands  near  Pitt ;  with  a  raised  whip  she  chases  a  number  of  dogs  out  of  the 
church.  She  has  some  resemblance  to  the  Duchess  of  Gordon,  a  friend 
of  Pitt. 

Immediately  behind  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  between  two  Gothic  windows 
is  a  wall-tablet  inscribed :  This  Tablet  is  erected  to  the  memory  of  the  renowned 
Plenipotentiary  who  died  by  the  bow  string  a  short  time  after  his  return  to 
Algiers.  Two  maiden  ladies  of  this  Parish  who  tasted  exquisite  felicity  from  his 
Prowess,  dedicate  this  frail  memorial  to  his  loved  memory.   Cf.  No.  7935,  &c. 

A  satire  on  the  royal  proclamation  of  i  June  1787  Tor  the  encourage- 
ment of  Piety  and  Virtue  and  for  preventing  and  punishing  of  Vice, 
Profaneness,  and  Immorality',  which  laid  especial  stress  on  the  observance 
of  Sunday.  Gent.  Mag.y  1787,  i.  534  f.  This  was  obtained  by  Wilberforce 
who  started  a  ^society  for  enforcing'  it,  known  as  the  'Proclamation 
Society'.  Life  of  Wilberforce,  by  his  sons,  1838,  i.  132-8,  393-4. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  220-1. 
9jXi4fin. 

7183  THE  NEW  PEERAGE  OR  FOUNTAIN  OF  HONOR. 
[Dent.]  Designed  by  Pride  Executed  by  Scraping 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  for  the  Proprietor  by  W.  Moore,  N^  48  New 
Bond  Street,  E.  Macklew  iV°  9  Haymarket  &  W.  Dickie  N"  J95 
Strand,  Not/  12.  lySy 

Engraving.  George  III  stands  on  a  circular  dais  of  four  steps  blowing 
soap-bubbles  which  are  transformed  as  they  fall  into  coronets ;  a  crowd  of 
greedy  supplicants  surrounds  him.  He  wears  royal  robes  and  holds,  in  his 
1.  hand,  his  crown,  reversed.  The  steps  of  the  dais  are  inscribed  respec- 
tively: Flattery,  Servility,  Impudence,  Duplicity.  A  ribbon  stretched 
horizontally  above  the  King's  head  has  been  broken  by  the  bubbles:  its 
two  ends  are  inscribed  Modern  Qualification  Interest  (1.)  and  Ancient 
Qualification  Merit  (r.).  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  What  is  Honor  but  a 
Bubble!  Persons  wearing  coronets  stand  in  the  background  in  back  view : 
none  of  the  supplicants  has  actually  received  a  coronet  though  one  is  about 
to  settle  on  the  head  of  Eden,  who  kneels  on  the  1.  wearing  an  apron 
inscribed  Cobler  Extraordinary  (an  allusion  to  his  mission  to  Paris  to  nego- 
tiate the  Commercial  Treaty,  see  No.  6995,  &c.).  The  most  prominent 
figure,  kneeling  in  profile  to  the  r.  before  the  King,  is  Dundas  in  Highland 
dress  with  a  bundle  inscribed  Sawney  Controul  licensed  to  deal  in  British 
Wares  (an  allusion  to  his  position  on  the  Board  of  Control,  see  No.  7152, 
&c.).  Next  is  Kenyon,  his  hands  clasped  in  entreaty.  Behind  these  three 
are  Pepper  Arden,  a  chimney-sweep  with  his  sack  and  brush  on  his  back, 
Wilkes,  inscribed  Turn-coat  (cf.  No.  6568,  &c.),  and  an  unidentified  aspir- 
ant, full-face  and  open-mouthed.  The  candidates  on  the  r.,  behind  the 
King,  are  less  obsequious  but  equally  eager:  one,  in  quasi-Elizabethan 
costume  and  wearing  a  fool's  cap  with  bells,  is  kneeling,  the  others  stand  to 

427 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

catch  the  falling  coronets.  One  has  a  porter's  knot  on  his  back.  One  with 
a  wooden  leg  and  patched  clothes  is  Alderman  Brook  Watson.  One 
resembles  Alderman  Curtis,  another,  wearing  a  hunting-cap,  may  be 
Alderman  Newnham. 

For  the  great  number  of  peerages  given  by  Pitt  see  No.  6631,  &c.  The 
chief  years  for  new  peerages  were  1784  and  1786 :  the  only  new  peer  in  1787 
(6  July)  was  Heathfield,  the  defender  of  Gibraltar.  The  peerages  of  Eden 
(Nov.  1 789,  cf.  No.  7623),  Kenyon  (June  1788),  Dundas  (i  802)  are  anticipated. 
8JXi2liin. 

7184  DUKE  OF  Y K— FIRST  VISIT  TO  KINGS  PLACE. 

I  Dec.  1787 

Engraving.  The  Rambler's  Magazine ^  v.  403.  The  Duke  of  York  in  regi- 
mentals is  seated  with  two  courtesans,  one  seated  on  his  knee.  The  Prince 
of  Wales  stands  (1.)  slyly  smiling  down  at  him.  Beside  him  (1.)  is  a  table 
with  bottles  and  glasses.  Behind  is  a  picture  of  ( ?)  St.  Anthony  sitting 
with  folded  arms. 

In  the  text  the  two  brothers  are  Charles  and  Joseph  Surface,  the  Prince 
being  Joseph,  a  hypocrite  who  has  led  his  brother  into  temptation. 

General  Grenville  writes  to  Cornwallis,  20  Dec.  1787,  of  the  Duke  as 
'totally  guided'  by  the  Prince  and  'thoroughly  initiated  into  all  the  extrava- 
gances and  debaucheries  of  this  most  virtuous  metropolis'.  Cornwallis  Corr. 
i.  348;  see  also  p.  362. 
5|X3|in.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

7185  PRE-FACE  TO  BELLENDENUS 
J  Sayers  fed 

Puh¥  by  Th(f  Cornell  2y  Dec'  lySy 

Engraving.    H.L.  portrait  of  Samuel  Parr  (i 747-1 825)  seated  full-face 

behind  a  table ;  his  r.  fist  rests  on  a  large  book,  Bellen[denus] ;  in  his  1.  hand 

is  the  stem  of  a  long  pipe  which  he  smokes,  scowling.  In  the  smoke  are  the 

words  Damn  tov  5£iva.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  : 

"jPor^  tamen  optandum  est  ut  ad  ultionem  potius  quam  defensionem  com- 

posita  fiat  Tabula'*  tz-j    t>     ^  x 

^         •'  Vide  Prcej.  Jo.  xxxmt 

Parr  became  conspicuous  as  a  political  writer  in  1787  by  his  Latin  dedica- 
tion and  preface  to  an  edition  of  three  treatises  of  W.  Bellenden :  Praefatio 
ad  Bellendenum  de  Statu.  The  dedication  was  to  the  *tria  lumina  Anglo- 
rum',  Burke,  North,  and  Fox,  whose  coalition  he  praised.  He  also  attacked 
Pitt,  Richmond,  Shelburne,  Thurlow,  Dundas,  and  Wilkes.  For  the 
impression  it  made  see  M.  W.  Patterson,  Sir  F.  Burdett  and  his  Times y  1931, 
i.  9.  Parr  smoked  all  day,  which  was  then  an  eccentricity.   See  D.N.B. 

Pencil  sketch  in  Print  Room. 
6JX5iin.  (pi.). 

7186  IS  THIS,  YOUR  LOUSE.  [1787] 

Lousiad  Canto  i^ 
[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  The  King,  Queen,  and  three  princesses  are  seated  at  a  small 
dinner-table,  on  which  is  a  soup-tureen,  &c.   The  King  holds  a  plate  on 

428 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1787 

which  is  an  insect,  turning  round  to  address  angrily  a  cook  (r.),  who 
stands  trembling  beside  him.  Two  alarmed  servants  stand  behind  the 
King's  chair.  The  Queen  and  princesses  make  gestures  of  alarm;  one 
princess  (1.)  has  risen  from  her  chair  in  horror.  On  the  extreme  1.  stands 
a  beefeater  holding  a  jug,  who  lets  glasses  fall  from  a  salver  in  his  con- 
sternation.  A  draped  window  forms  a  background. 

An  illustration  to  Peter  Pindar's  Lousiad,  the  theme  of  which  is  the  King's 
discovery  of  a  louse  on  his  plate.   See  No.  7187,  and  cf.  No.  7587. 

Grego,  Rowlandsotiy  i.  200  ff.  (reproduction). 
6  X  8  in. 

7187  FIERCE  AS  STARING  AJAX,  FROM  HIS  SEAT, 

UPROSE  WITH  VISAGE  STERN  THE  KING  OF  MEAT. 

Canto  2^.  [1787] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  The  Lousiad,  Canto  II.  A  room  crowded  with 
cooks  and  scullions:  a  tall  cook  addresses  the  others  with  clenched  fist, 
holding  the  queue  of  his  hair.  The  others  make  similar  gestures  of  indigna- 
tion ;  one  negligently  holds  a  spit  transfixing  a  bird  which  a  dog  is  eating. 
Against  the  wall  hang  birds,  &c.,  and  a  poster:  Royal  Bill  of  Fare  . . .  second 
course. 

The  cooks  hear  with  indignation  the  royal  order  that  they  are  to  be 
shaved  and  wear  wigs.  See  No.  7186,  &c.  This  canto  was  reviewed  in  the 
June  number  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1787.  The  third  canto 
appeared  in  1791,  see  No.  8282. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  204  (reproduction). 
6f  X  8i  in.  B.M.L.,  642. 1.  9/6. 

7188  [ILLUSTRATION  TO  ONE  OF  PETER  PINDAR'S  ODES.] 

[? 1787] 
[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Proof  without  letters.  George  III  rides  Pegasus,  and  is  about 
to  be  thrown;  both  arms  are  raised  in  consternation.  Another  man 
( ?  Wolcot)  falls  head  downwards  from  the  horse;  his  wig  has  fallen  off"  and 
he  has  dropped  a  roll  of  MS.  Behind  the  plunging  heels  of  the  animal 
Harlequin  (r.)  flourishes  his  club. 

A  reproduction  is  printed  by  Grego  with  verses  from  the  Pro-oemium  to 
Ode  upon  Ode,  1787,  but  the  print  does  not  appear  to  illustrate  the  lines 
or  to  have  been  used  as  an  illustration  to  the  poem. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  209. 
7fX9iin. 

7189  A  REPRESENTATION  OF  THE  TURKS,  THREATENED 
WITH  V7AR,  LEARNING  IN  A  HURRY  THE  FRENCH  MANUAL 
EXERCISE.  [?  1787] 

['By  M""  Landeman  of  Woolwich.  Engineer,  and  Professor  of 
Artillery.']! 

Engraving.    Turkish  soldiers,  scattered  over  a  wide  parade-ground,  are 

being  instructed  in  squads,  groups,  and  as  individuals,  by  French  officers. 

*  Note  of  the  collector,  R.  Bull. 

429 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

In  the  foreground  a  Turkish  potentate,  the  Suhan  or  perhaps  the  Grand 
Vizier,  leans  against  the  stump  of  a  tree,  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the 
1.  to  watch  the  soldiers.  At  his  feet  (1.)  kneels  a  negro  slave  who  is  filling 
a  long  pipe ;  beside  him  a  fire  burns  on  a  tiny  tripod.  On  the  r.  a  French- 
man pulls  the  long  moustache  of  a  Turk,  striking  him  with  his  cane. 
Next,  three  awkward  Turks  are  being  taught  musket  drill.  On  the  1.  a 
Turk  threatens  an  officer,  drawing  his  sabre.  In  the  middle  distance  a 
Frenchman  puts  his  hand  on  the  projecting  stomach  of  an  obese  Turk, 
to  make  his  attitude  more  soldierly.  In  the  background  are  a  marching 
squad  (1.)  and  a  firing  squad  (r.)  and,  beyond,  an  officer  is  attacked  by  three 
Turks  with  sabres  raised  to  strike.  Behind  (1.)  is  a  Turkish  fort.  The 
officers  are  not  caricatured  nor  is  their  dress  exaggerated.  The  Turks 
wear  baggy  trousers  with  either  a  fez  or  a  turban ;  all  have  long  moustaches. 
In  the  spring  of  1787  Catherine  the  Great  made  a  state  progress  in  the 
Crimea,  and  inspected  warlike  preparations  which  threatened  Turkey 
with  partition.  France  posed  as  the  protector  of  Turkey  against  Russia, 
but  was  believed  to  have  secret  designs  on  Egypt.  Russian  military  action 
was  postponed  by  the  failure  of  the  harvest,  and,  16  Aug.,  the  Sultan 
anticipated  attack  by  a  virtual  declaration  of  war.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National 
Revival^  pp.  375,  480  ff.  Cf.  No.  7181,  &c. 
lof  X 13  ig  in.  'Honorary  Engravers*,  i,  No.  185. 


430 


1787 

PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

7190-7202 

Series  of  Tete-a-tete  Portraits 

7190  N°  XXIII  MRS  TOMBOY. 

N°XXIV  THE  IRISH  MANAGER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street.  Jan.  i,  lySy, 

Engraving.  From  the  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xviii.  625.  Two  bust 
portraits  in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An 
account  of  Mrs.  Jordan  and  of  Richard  Daly  'whom  she  leads  forward  to 

public  view'.    She  is  said  to  have  been  the  'natural  daughter'  of  B d 

(Bland).   'The  report  respecting  her  connection  with  an  illustrious  char- 
acter was  erroneous  .  .  .  the  puff  of  the  day.  .  .  .'  She  left  Ireland  on  her 
connexion  with  Daly  'becoming  conspicuous*.    She  actually  left  Dublin 
in  1782  to  escape  from  Daly. 
Ovals,  2jX2  in.  Burney  Coll.  iii,  fo.  16. 

7191  N°XXVI  THE  JUVENELE  PROSELYTE. 

N°  XXVII  THE  METHODESTICAL  SEDUCER. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  Jan.  ig.  lySy, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ,  xviii.  681.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  hypocritical  preacher  in  a  London  chapel,  who  seduced  the  young 
daughter  of  a  'fanatical  old  widower'  and,  being  discovered,  was  'discarded 
from  the  congregation'. 
Ovals,  2|  X  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7192  N°  I  THE  SEDUCED  FILLE  DE  CHAMBRE. 
N°  II  THE  CRUEL  HUSBAND. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street  Feb.  i.  lySy. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ,  xix.  33.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
A.  S.  Bowes,  already  the  subject  of  a  Tete-a-tStSy  see  No.  6821,  and  his 
wife's  maid,  whom  he  seduced,  and  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter.  She  is 
called  'Mary*  in  Foot's  Lives  of  Bowes  and  the  Countess  0/  Strathmore, 
p.  143,  but  is  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Dorothy  Stevenson. 
Ovals,  2 Jx 2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7193  N°IV.  THE  SUBTLE  PRUDE. 

N°  V.  THE  PENSIONED  MAGISTRATE. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  Street,  i  Mar:  lySy, 

Engraving.   Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  51.    Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 

431 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Alderman  Brook  Watson,  M.P.  for  London,  pilloried  as  *a  paltry  pensioner', 
cf.  No.  6965.   The  Trude'  is  a  grocer's  wife  from  whom  he  is  now  sepa- 
rated after  a  few  weeks'  connexion. 
Ovals,  2 Jx 2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7194  N°VII  THE  SUBTLE  COUNTESS. 
N°VIII  THE  SEDUCED  SOLDIER. 

London.  Published  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street.  April  i.  lySy. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  105.  Two  bust  portraits 
illustrate  ^Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .  '.  One  (1.)  is  that  of  a 
stout  woman  with  three  miniature  portraits  hanging  from  her  necklace. 
An  account  of  a  lieutenant  of  marines  who  was  tried  for  assault  (and 
attempted  murder)  on  a  captain  whom  he  had  struck  for  refusing  a 
challenge,  and  sentenced  to  two  years'  imprisonment.  The  lady  is  the  Irish 
widow  of  a  French  count,  whom  he  designed  to  marry  for  her  money. 
She  postponed  the  arranged  marriage,  he  brought  an  action  for  breach  of 
promise,  receiving  a  shilling  damages. 

They  are  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Charles  Bourne  and  the  Countess 
of  Crequy  Canaple.    Bourne  was  tried  for  libel  and  assault  in  the  King's 
Bench,  1783,  on  the  prosecution  of  Sir  James  Wallace  (173 1 -1803). 
Ovals,  2|X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7195  N°X  THE  SEDATE  MISTRESS. 

N°  XI  THE  PETULENT  BARRISTER. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street  May  i.  lySy. 

Engraving.   Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  147.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   An  account  of 
a  very  successful  barrister  of  humble  origin  with  a  lucrative  Old  Bailey 
practice.  His  mistress  purchased  his  attentions. 
Ovals,  3  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7196  N^XIII.  THE  DIMINUTIVE  HUNCH-BACK. 
N°XIIII.  THE  FORTUNATE  FORTUNE-HUNTER. 

London  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street  June  i.  lySy. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  201.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames.  An  account  of  an  Irish  fortune-hunter  and  gambler,  who 
married  an  heiress  and  has  now  *a  seat  in  a  most  respectable  body', 
presumably  Parliament.  His  mistress  is  the  deformed  daughter  of  a 
deceased  Irish  tradesman. 

Ovals,  2 Jx 2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7197  N°XVI.  THE  IRISH  ADVENTURESS. 
N°XVII  THE  GALLANT  SEA  CAPTAIN. 

London  Published  as  the  Act  directs  July  J,  lySy,  by  A  Hamilton  Jun"" 
Fleet  S^ 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  249.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete . . .'.  An  account  of  the 

432 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     1787 

captain  of  an  East  Indiaman  who  acquired  a  fortune  and  bought  an  estate  in 
a  western  county.  He  has  many  amours  with  the  daughters  of  fishermen  and 
peasants.  His  mistress  was  originally  an  Irish  peasant  who  came  to  England 
as  a  harvester ;  she  became  a  domestic  servant  with  families  of  position  and 
has  married  the  landlord  of  an  inn  to  whom  the  captain  gives  his  custom. 
Ovals,  2|  X  2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7198  N°XIX.  THE  DEGENERATE  COUNTESS. 
N°XX.  THE  FUGITIVE  ISREALITE 

London.    Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  St* 
Aug.  I.  lySy. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xix.  297.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  annexed  .  .  .\  An 
account  of  Jane,  wife  of  the  2nd  Earl  of  Lanesborough.  After  the  death 
of  her  husband  (1779),  from  whom  she  had  been  separated,  her  extrava- 
gance led  her  to  have  recourse  to  a  Jewish  money-lender,  with  whom  she 
eloped  to  the  Continent.  He  has  embraced  Christianity,  repudiated  his 
wife,  and  married  the  Countess. 

He  is  John  King  (Jacob  Rey),  called  Jew  King  (i 753-1 824),  who 
divorced  his  wife,  a  Miss  Lara,  to  marry  Lady  Lanesborough.  See  John 
Taylor,  Records  of  my  Lifcy  1832,  ii.  341  ff. 

Rubens,  No.  155. 
Ovals,  2|X2  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7199  N°XXII  THE  GERMAN  COUNTESS. 

N°  XXIII  THE  MILITARY  ADVENTURER. 

London  Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street 
Sept'  I.  ij8y. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ^  xix.  345.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .\  An  account  of 
the  German  wife  of  an  English  gentleman,  whose  excesses  caused  him  to 
become  insane,  but  who  'was  an  elegant  and  delicate  poet'.  She  has  chosen 
a  young  Irish  officer  as  companion  and  embarked  with  him  for  India. 
Ovals,  3-1 X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7200  N°XXVI  THE  PARISIAN  COURTEZAN. 
N°  XXVII  THE  PRUDENT  BLACK  LEGS. 

Printed  for  A.  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  Street  London  Ocf  J*'  lySy  as  the 
Act  directs. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine y  xix.  393.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
an  Irish  adventurer,  who  obtained  a  commission  in  a  German  regiment; 
he  gained  the  confidence  and  patronage  of  Lord  Lyttelton  by  his  conduct 
in  the  Vauxhall  Affray.  He  became  a  professional  gamester  and  eventually, 
having  won  a  sum  of  ,£20,000,  accepted  an  annuity  for  the  amount.  He 
had  an  amour  with  a  courtesan  supported  by  a  'Duke  of  France',  now 
ended,  the  duke  being  'the  messenger  of  his  dismission'.  He  is  Captain 
Crofts,  see  No.  5198. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

433  ^f 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7201  N°XXIX.  THE  CAST  FILLE. 

N°  XXX.  THE  GERMAN  PROVIDORE. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Nov''  i.  17 8y.  by  A.  Hamilton  Jwf  Fleet 
Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  ^1.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  German  who  was  first  a  vender  of  gingerbread,  then  keeper  of  a  pastry- 
cook's shop,  now  butler  and  major-domo  in  'a  great  house'  at  ,£1,200  a 
year.  Having  assumed  the  dress  of  a  gentleman  he  slighted  his  wife  and 
became  slave  to  a  mistress.  He  is  Louis  Weltje,  Controller  and  Clerk  of 
the  Kitchen  and  Cellars  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  See  No.  5888  and  index. 
Ovals,  3 Jx  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7202  N°xxxn  clorinda 

N°XXXni  LORD  TOPER 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  Dec'  J,  lySy  by  A  Hamilton  Jun' Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine y  xix.  483.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  peer  who  has  divorced  his  wife  and  who,  by  his  drunkenness  and 
debauchery,  disgraces  ancestors  'remarkable  for  noble  actions  and  literary 
abilities'.  Clorinda  is  an  actress  with  a  voice  and  figure  'well  suited  to 
smart  rural  characters'.  She  is  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Mrs.  Martyr. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7203  [CAPTAIN  ELPHINSTONE  AND  MISS  MACDONALD.] 

/.  Kay.  lySy 

Engraving.  A  stout,  fashionably  dressed  man  addresses  a  lady  wearing  an 

extravagantly  large  hat.  They  face  each  other  in  profile.  They  are  Captain 

Dalrymple  Horn  Elphinstone,  of  Horn,  Westall,  and  Logie,  and  Miss 

Penelope  Macdonald  of  Clanronald,  afterwards  Lady  Belhaven,  a  noted 

beauty.   See  No.  7204. 

'Collection',  No.  85.  Kay,  No.  CCCIII. 

3X2f  in. 

7204  LOVE  J757 

K.  Fed. 

Engraving.  Miss  Macdonald  (1.)  and  Captain  Elphinstone  lean  their  elbows 
on  the  sill  of  an  open  sash-window.  He  gazes  at  her  and  his  arm  appears 
to  be  round  her  waist ;  her  face  is  partly  obscured  by  the  curving  brim  of 
her  hat.  Published  in  retaliation  for  the  offence  taken  at  No.  7203. 

'Collection',  No.  81.     Kay,  No.  CCCIV. 
3fX2f  in. 

7205  CONVERSATION  DEMONSTRATION 
lySy  K  Fed 

Engraving.  A  design  in  three  compartments,  the  titles  relating  to  the  first 
and  third,    [i]  John  Davidson  (W.S.)  and  Lord  Henderland  (Alexander 

434 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

Murray,  a  Scots  Judge,  M.P.  for  Peebles)  face  each  other  in  profile,  the 
latter  holding  forth  with  pointed  forefinger.  [2]  George  Paton,  biblio- 
grapher and  antiquary,  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  a  cane.  [3]  Lord 
Monboddo  (1.)  and  Dr.  Hutton  (see  No.  7205)  face  each  other  in  profile, 
the  latter  emphasizing  his  arguments  with  extended  fingers.  In  the  back- 
ground a  small  monkey  stands  with  extended  arms,  illustrating  Monboddo *8 
theories  of  the  origin  of  man,  see  No.  6694. 

'Collection',  88;  Kay,  No.  XCIX. 
3fX4i^gin. 

7206  [DR.  JAMES  HUTTON.] 
K,  fed  1787 

Engraving.  A  portrait  of  Hutton  standing  in  profile  to  the  r.,  with  folded 
arms,  holding  a  geologist's  hammer,  and  looking  intently  at  a  quasi- vertical 
rock  whose  edge  is  formed  of  a  series  of  (caricature)  profiles.  He  wears 
a  cocked  hat.  Hutton  (1726-97)  was  the  first  great  British  geologist,  a 
friend  of  Black.  Kay  etched  (1787)  a  companion  print  of  Dr.  Joseph  Black 
facing  a  wall  whose  vertical  edge  is  a  series  of  profiles  ('Collection',  No.  83 ; 
Kay,  No.  XXH),  and  also  H.L.  portraits  of  Black  and  Hutton  facing  each 
other,  called  Philosophers  ('Collection',  No.  78;  Kay,  No.  XXV). 

'Collection',  No .  82 ;  Kay,  No.  XXIV.   Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed. 
Traill,  1904,  v.  566. 
3  X  2  J  in. 

THE  LATE  DOCTR  BRAGG 

J  H  lySy  (date  reversed).  See  No.  3650. 

[?  James  Hook] 

Profile  bust  portrait  in  oval. 

7207  THE  NORFOLK  FARMER  PICKT  UP  BY  A  DRURY  LANE 
WARBLER 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Carter  Oxford  Street  Janv  6  1787 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  Norfolk  (1.),  plainly  dressed  and  holding  a  stout 
walking-stick,  puts  his  1.  arm  round  the  waist  of  a  courtesan  who  leans  on 
his  1.  shoulder.  He  says  Hark  Forward,  Tally  O,  tally  O,  tally  O,  O,  O,  &c. 
See  No.  8159. 

6|X4Ain.(pl.). 

7208  HIS  GRACE  COMPOSING  A  NEW  VERSION. 
[Dent.] 

Fu¥  by  W.  Moore  A^"  48  New  Bond  Street  June  10  iy8y 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  John  Moore,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury 
1 783-1 805,  seated  in  a  chair  holding  an  infant  which  screams  with  raised 
arms.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 

Seeing  the  people  were  so  lost  to  shame. 
He  thought  it  easier  to  beget  than  reclaim 

435 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

NB.  This  is  the  first  instance  of  an  A — b—p's  Lady  having  a  Child  .  .  , 
Executed  at  Lambeth. 

Moore  was  a  zealous  co-operator  with  Wilberforce  in  his  efforts  to 
promote  an  association  for  the  reformation  of  manners,  cf.  No.  7182. 
C.  J.  Abbey,  The  English  Church  and  its  Bishops  ly 00-1800,  ii.  208. 

5|X3|in.(pl.). 

7209  THE  BIRMINGHAM  MOSES. 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Runaway  Executed  by  L d  G G 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor  as  the  Act  directs  by  W,  Dickie  N"  igs  Strandy 
Dec.  12^^  lySy, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  George  Gordon,  dressed  as  a  Jew, 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  an  open  book  inscribed  Mosaic  Law, 
the  pages  covered  with  pseudo-Hebraic  characters.  He  looks  up  sancti- 
moniously, his  1.  hand  raised.  He  has  a  beard  and  wears  a  long  gown  with 
bands,  and  a  wide-brimmed  hat.  He  ignores  two  dogs  who  worry  him ;  the 
collar  of  the  larger  dog  is  inscribed  Bow  St.,  that  of  the  smaller.  King's 
Bench.  At  his  feet  is  a  torn  scroll  inscribed  Protestant  Association.  In  the 
background  is  a  weathercock  pointing  to  the  east.  Beneath  the  design  is 
etched : 

To  Law  &  Presbyters  he  bid  adieu. 
To  save  his  Soul  &  Body  in  the  Jew; 
And  wonder  not  he  stole  to  misbelievers, 
Since  they  of  stolen  things  are  oft  receivers; 
But  Justice  their  strange  Proselyte  found  out. 
And  lodg'd  the  Runaway  in  prison  stout. 
Lest  he,  mad  flaming  Bigot,  should  surprise 
The  Christians  his  new  friends  to  naturalize. 

Gordon  was  convicted,  6  June  1787,  in  the  King's  Bench  for  a  libel  on 
the  Judges  and  the  Administration  of  the  Laws  in  England  (see  No.  6992), 
and  on  the  13th  June  for  libels  on  the  Queen  of  France  and  the  French 
Ambassador  (for  his  allegations  in  support  of  Cagliostro,  see  No.  7010). 
He  went  to  Amsterdam,  cf.  No.  7134,  was  sent  back  by  the  magistrates 
and  retired  to  Birmingham,  where  he  lived  in  the  house  of  a  Jew  and 
adopted  Jewish  dress  and  customs.  He  was  brought  up  for  judgement  on 
28  Jan.  1788,  and  sentenced  to  five  years'  imprisonment,  see  No.  7423. 
Birmingham  (Brummagem)  signified  inferior  or  counterfeit. 

Rubens,  No.  134.    See  No.  8249. 
six 6  in. 

7210  THE  MODERN  ATLAS.  OR  MAN  OF  THE  WORLD. 
Mas  Hook  fecit 

[James  Hook] 

Pub  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Jan^.  20,  lySy, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Major  Topham  runs  forward,  looking 
to  1.,  supporting  on  his  head  by  both  hands  a  globe  inscribed  The  World. 
His  cockaded  hat  lies  on  the  ground  beside  him  (r.).  In  the  background  (r.) 
is  a  newsboy  in  back  view,  blowing  his  horn,  a  sheaf  of  papers  inscribed 
World  under  his  r.  arm. 

436 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     1787 

Topham  started  The  World  or  Fashionable  Intelligencer,  a  daily  news- 
paper, on  I  Jan.  1787,  see  Nos.  7060,  721 1,  7212,  7213,  7369,  7425,  7477, 
7537»  7544»  7577»  7602,  7697,  7878. 
iifX7iin. 

7211  UNDER  HOOP  &  BELL 

Published  Jany  26.  lySy  by  Boyne  &  Walker  N 11  O  Turnstile 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  her 
petticoats  forming  a  bell,  within  which,  in  the  position  of  a  clapper,  is 
the  head  (upside-down)  of  Major  Topham.  She  holds  in  her  1.  hand, 
which  is  behind  her  back,  a  string  attached  to  a  ring  in  Topham 's  nose. 
Her  r.  hand  is  in  a  fur-trimmed  muff  on  which  is  a  profile  head  of  Topham 
in  an  oval.  The  lower  part  of  the  bell  is  inscribed  The  World  or  Fashionable 
Advertiser  [actually  'Intelligencer'].  She  wears  the  inflated  gauze  drapery 
over  her  breast  then  fashionable,  see  No.  7099,  &c.  Her  large  feather- 
trimmed  hat  is  worn  on  the  1.  side  of  her  head,  forming  a  background  for 
her  features  and  hair,  not  a  covering  for  her  head. 

She  is  Mrs.  Wells  the  actress,  the  mistress  of  Topham;  he  had  started 
The  World  partly  in  order  to  puff  her.  The  paper  was  'Printed  under  the 
Direction  of  J.  Bell  at  the  British  Library,  in  the  Strand';  see  No.  7425. 
See  No.  7210,  &c.  Perhaps  imitated  from  No.  7224. 
9|x6}  in. 

7212  THE  FASHIONABLE,  ADVERTISER: 

Pu¥  Feby  i&^y  lySy  by  S.  W,  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse  N°  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  H.L.  portrait  of  Major  Topham, 
directed  to  the  r.  and  wearing  a  round  hat.  He  frowns  disconsolately. 
Behind  him  on  the  wall  is  a  newspaper  inscribed  The  Worlb  [«V],  a  comb 
and  pair  of  curling-tongs,  and  (on  a  table)  an  inkstand  with  pens. 

For  The  World  see  No.  7210,  &c. 
6iX5f  in. 

7213  A  TIP-TOP  LIVING,  OR  THE  WRITING  CAPTAIN  SUP- 
PORTED BY  THE  WORLD. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Moore,  New  Bond  Street  June  10*^  17 8y. 

Engraving.  Topham  sits  cross-legged  on  a  terrestrial  globe,  the  poles 
being  on  the  r.  and  1. ;  a  band  inscribed  Equator — Wells  bisects  it  vertically. 
He  has  a  plate  before  him  and  is  cutting  up  Characters  with  a  knife  and 
fork.  The  cockade  in  his  hat  is  formed  of  three  crossed  pens.  He  is 
surrounded  by  smoke  inscribed  Reports  and  Puffs.  Various  objects  stand 
on  the  surface  of  the  globe:  an  inkstand  (on  the  Blacks  Sea),  a  money- 
bag inscribed  Compliment  and  labelled  To  the  Editor  (on  the  Pacific  Ocean), 
a  decanter  of  Port  (on  the  Red  Sea),  a  sirloin  inscribed  Bull,  a  ( ?)  leg  of 
mutton  inscribed  Ram.  Other  places  on  the  map  are  Assassins  Bay,  Cape 

437 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Hortiy  and  Rogues  Island.  A  curving  line  touching  the  equator  is  inscribed 
Ecliptic  Line — Scandal. 

For  Topham's  daily  paper,  The  Worlds  see  No.  7210,  &c.   It  was  noted 
for  its  puffs  of  Mrs.  Wells,  its  sensational  personal  news,  and  its  attacks  on 
private  characters.    See  D.N.B.    Topham  had  been  called  a  *  Tip-Top 
Adjutant'  in  1779,  see  No.  5596. 
5|X4in.  (pL). 

7214  THE  THEATRICAL  WAR. 

Plenipotentiary  N:  5 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  30.  lySy.  by  S.  W.  Fores.  AT"  3.  Piccadilly — 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  One  of  the  same  series 
as  No.  7 17 1.  John  Palmer  (1.),  striding  across  a  miniature  circular  tower 
surrounded  by  a  moat,  falls  back  under  the  attacks  of  two  men  on  the 
other  side  of  the  moat.  He  wears  pseudo-Elizabethan  dress,  with  a  cloak ; 
his  feathered  hat  falls  off.  On  his  arm,  in  place  of  a  shield,  is  a  document 
inscribed  Licence  .  .  .  Wild-moat  \  he  drops  from  his  r.  hand  a  paper 
inscribed  Tower  Privilege.  Cornwallis^  saying,  /  am  down  again.  Miniature 
cannon  are  firing  from  the  tower.  Facing  him,  one  foot  on  an  upturned 
tub  inscribed  For  the  Use  of  Gov:  Gar.  WardrobCy  is  a  man  wearing  night- 
cap, dressing-gown,  and  slippers,  with  an  apron,  who  is  about  to  hurl  a  bar 
inscribed  Gastile  Soapy  saying,  I  am  a  GentlemaUy  you  Vagabond  \  on  his 
1.  arm,  in  place  of  a  shield,  is  a  paper  inscribed  An  Act  for  regulating  the 
Stage.  He  is  probably  George  Colman.  Beside  him,  his  1.  arm  in  a  sling, 
a  young  man  ( }  Colman  the  younger)  discharges  at  Palmer  a  blast  from  a 
pistol  inscribed  Breach  of  Articles.  Three  spectators  stand  close  together 
on  the  r.,  saying,  Af  Palmer ^  we  must  oppose:  we  told  you  so  at  Ghristmas! 
They  are  Sheridan  and  probably  his  partners,  Linley  and  Dr.  Ford.  In  the 
background  (r.)  is  a  building  inscribed  GircuSy  in  front  of  which  a  man 
stands  on  one  toe  on  the  back  of  a  galloping  horse,  while  a  monkey  stands 
on  its  head  on  the  back  of  a  pig;  the  pig's  saddle  is  inscribed  Jacko;  from 
its  mouth  issues  ABGy  representing  Astley's,  General  Jacko,  and  the 
Learned  Pig  (see  No.  6715,  &c.);  a  scroll  issuing  in  a  curve  from  Astley 
and  Jacko  is  inscribed  We  shall  all  Play.  In  the  moat  are  frogs  and  the 
bodies  of  two  tiny  women.  Tragedy  and  Comedy,  one  holding  a  cup  and 
dagger,  the  other  a  mask. 

John  Palmer,  relying  on  the  privileged  position  of  the  Liberty  of  the 
Tower  (or  Tower  Royalty),  which  was  exempt  from  the  authority  of  the 
magistrates  of  Middlesex  and  of  the  City,  opened  an  unlicensed  theatre 
in  Wellclose  Square,  an  infringement  of  the  monopoly  of  the  patent 
theatres.  He  called  this  the  Royalty  Theatre,  obtaining  the  licence  of  the 
Governor  of  the  Tower  (Cornwallis)  and  the  magistrates  of  the  liberty. 
A  pamphlet  war  raged  between  the  two  interests,  and  Palmer  was  success- 
fully opposed  by  the  managers  of  Covent  Garden  and  Drury  Lane. 

The  Royalty  Theatre  opened,  20  June  1787,  with  a  performance  of  As 
You  Like  Ity  after  which  performances  were  suspended.  D.N.B. ;  Genest, 
vi.  457  ff.  The  restriction  on  Palmer  is  contrasted  with  the  freedom  to 
perform  allowed  to  Astley  and  others.  On  22  May  1789  three  Justices  of 
the  Peace  for  the  Tower  liberty  were  sentenced  in  the  King's  Bench  to  a 
fine  of  ;£ioo  each  for  discharging  Charles  Bannister,  John  Palmer,  and 

438 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

Others,  who  had  been  imprisoned  as  rogues  and  vagabonds  for  acting  plays, 
&c.,  at  the  Royalty  Theatre.  Gent.  Mag. y  lySg/i,  ^6$.  See  J .  Foot,  Life  of 
Murphy,  181 1,  pp.  360-7. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  90. 
6x9!  in. 

7215  THE  WAY  TO  KEEP  HIM  AS  PERFORM'D  AT  THE  RICH- 
MOND THEATRE  &c  ACT  V 

Pu¥  Apr^  23  lySy  by  H  Humphries  Bond  Sir*  London 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scene  from  Act  V  of 
Murphy's  play  as  performed  at  the  private  theatre  of  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond at  Richmond  House,  on  20  April  1787  and  subsequently.  Lovemore 
(Lord  Derby)  stands  betvi^een  Mrs.  Lovemore  (Mrs.  Damer),  who  holds 
his  r.  arm,  and  the  Widow  Belmour  (the  fat  Mrs.  Hobart).  Beside  the 
Widow,  and  on  the  extreme  r.,  stands  a  very  thin  man  dressed  with  exagge- 
rated foppishness,  his  hat  under  his  arm ;  he  says.  As  the  man  says  in  the 
Play  your  Lordship  is  right  welcome  back  to  Denmark.  He  is  Sir  Brilliant 
Fashion,  played  by  the  Hon.  Richard  Edgcumbe.  Mrs.  Damer  says.  This 
is  Lord  Etheridge  Madam,  and  Mrs.  Hobart  answers.  No  Madam  this  is 
Lord  Lovemore ;  the  speeches  have  been  transposed  by  an  engraver's  error. 
In  a  stage  box  on  the  extreme  1.  sit  the  Duke  of  Richmond  and  a  lady  ( ?  the 
Duchess)  holding  an  enormous  muff,  her  high  coiffure  much  exaggerated. 
The  box  is  decorated  with  a  group,  two  crossed  cannon,  lying  on  a  plan 
of  a  f4rt,  with  a  kettle-drum,  surmounted  by  a  laurel  wreath,  an  allusion 
to  Richmond's  unpopular  scheme  for  fortifying  Portsmouth  and  Plymouth, 
see  No.  6921,  &c.  The  ladies  have  tiny  faces,  framed  in  elaborately  dressed 
hair,  which  contrast  with  Lord  Derby's  large  head.  A  draped  curtain 
frames  the  stage ;  in  the  centre  is  the  customary  Veluti  in  Speculum. 

This  performance  at  Richmond  House  was  described  as  'the  first  regu- 
lated Dramatic  performance  of  nobility,  and  personages  of  distinction'. 
Gent.  Mag.y  1787,  i.  361  (but  cf.  Nos.  7068-9).  *The  principal  objections 
to  Lord  Derby  were  his  figure,  face  and  voice;  his  manner  was  excellent 
and  supported  with  spirit.  Mrs.  Hobart,  notwithstanding  her  corpulency, 
represented  the  widow  Belmour  with  vivacity.  .  .  .'  Town  and  Country 
Magazine,  xix.  226.  See  also  Life  and  Times  of  F.  Reynolds,  1826,  ii.  1-2; 
Walpole,  Letters,  xiv.  2-3,  14,  17. 
8Jxi3i^6in. 

7216  FOR  THE  BENEFIT  OF  M^s  SIDDONS. 

J.  Boyne,  delK  R  Mf 

London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Lewis  iV"  IS  Great  Newport 
Street,  Long  Acre.  Nov""  2g^^  1787. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7217.  Six 
spectators  of  a  play,  three  women  seated  in  front,  three  men  standing 
behind,  their  heads  forming  a  pyramid.  All  look  to  the  1.  with  expressions, 
of  deep  melancholy,  one  lady  holding  a  handkerchief  to  her  eyes.  The 
front  of  the  box  or  gallery  is  edged  with  spikes.  Cf.  No.  7606. 
8JX5|in. 

439 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7217  FOR  THE  BENEFIT  OF  MRS  JORDAN. 

J.  Boyne  del'  RMf 

London  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Lewis  N°  IS  Great  Newport 
Streety  Long  Acre.  Nov""  2g  lySy 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  companion  print  to  No.  7216.    Six 
spectators  at  a  play,  arranged  as  in  No.  7216  but  laughing  and  looking  to 
the  r.  Cf.  No.  7606. 
8JX5fin. 

7218  LA  BELLE  ASSEMBL£E. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  12'^  1787.  by  H.  Humphrey.  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Five  elderly  women  of 
fashion  attend  an  altar  of  Love  in  a  temple  whose  walls  are  wreathed  with 
roses.  The  fat  Mrs.  Hobart,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  pours  incense  on  the  flames 
of  the  altar;  in  her  r.  hand  is  an  open  book,  Ninon.  Behind  her  (1.)  Lady 
Archer,  with  the  nose  of  a  bird  of  prey,  leads  a  lamb  garlanded  with  roses ; 
she  guides  the  animal  with  a  riding-whip.  Miss  Jefferies  walks  beside 
Lady  Archer  holding  a  basket  of  flowers.  On  the  extreme  1.  Lady  Mount- 
Edgcumb,  aged  and  bent,  holds  a  dove  in  each  hand.  On  the  r.  of  the 
altar  Lady  Cecilia  Johnstone  plays  a  lyre.  The  altar  is  decorated  with 
rams'  heads,  a  heart,  arrows,  and  roses.  A  sculptured  group  of  the  three 
Graces  stands  in  an  alcove  in  the  wall  above  the  altar.  In  the  background 
(1.)  is  a  mountain  peak,  Parnassus,  on  which  sits  a  tiny  figure  of  Apollo, 
playing  a  fiddle,  the  sun  irradiating  his  head.  Beneath  the  design  is 
engraved : 

"Here,  Love  his  golden  shafts  employs;  here  lights 
"His  constant  lamp;  and  waves  his  purple  zvings; 
"Reigns  here  and  revels."  Milton. 

Elderly  leaders  of  fashion  were  a  favourite  subject  of  caricature  with 
Gillray ;  for  his  earlier  caricatures  of  Lady  Archer,  Lady  C.  Johnstone,  and 
Lady  Mount-Edgcumbe  see  volume  v.  See  also  Nos.  7971-5,  and  No.  8158. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  86 ;  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  374.  Reproduced,  Paston, 
pi.  xxxvi. 
9iXi3|in. 

7219  THE  EXHIBITION  OF  THE  ROYAL  ACADEMY,  1787. 

H.  Ramberg  del''    P.  A.  Martini  Parm^  fecit  Londini 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  July  i.  1787  by  A.  C.  De  Poggi,  N"*  7 
S'  Georges  RoWy  Hyde  Park. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  great  room  at 
Somerset  House  crowded  with  visitors,  drawn  with  detailed  realism,  but 
with  a  certain  humorous  intention.  In  the  centre  foreground  is  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  holding  his  hat,  cane,  and  catalogue,  next  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds, 
holding  his  ear-trumpet  and  pointing  out  the  pictures.  There  is  much 
by-play  among  the  visitors.  The  pictures  are  numbered  and  can  be  identi- 
fied from  the  R.A.  Catalogue,  the  two  largest  and  most  conspicuous  are 

440 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

26,  'The  assassination  of  David  Riccio'  [sic]  by  Opie,  R.A.  elect,  and  1^4, 
'Wallworth  killing  Wat  Tyler',  by  Northcote,  also  R.A.  elect,  the  latter 
resembling  a  caricature  of  the  grand  manner,  cf.  No.  7584.  Above  the 
title  is  the  motto  OYAEII-AMOYIOZ-EIIITO)  (as  in  No.  7584).  A  finished 
study  for  the  figures  in  pen  and  wash  is  in  the  Print  Room. 

Reproduced,  Lamb,  The  Royal  Academy,  1935,  p.  120. 
I2| Xi9i  in. 

Portraits  of  their  Majesty's  and  the  Royal  Family  Viewing  the  Exhibition 
of  the  Royal  Academy ,  ijSSy  by  the  same  artists,  is  a  very  similar  design, 
from  which  the  element  of  satire  is  absent :  the  portraits  are  flattering,  the 
royal  suite  stand  deferentially. 

7220  THE  NATTY,  LAD   OR  POLISH,   DWARF  TAKING  AN 
AIRING: 

Gentlemens  Designs  Executed  gratis 

Puhlised  Jan^  1 17 8y  by  S.  W  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse  N°  3 
Piccadilly  London 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  walks  in  profile  to  the  L,  wearing 
a  hat  with  an  enormous  brim;  the  puff^ed  gauze  covering  her  breast,  and 
petticoats  extended  at  the  back,  are  much  exaggerated.  Her  hands  are  in 
a  muff.  Seated  on  her  projecting  petticoats  and  sheltered  by  her  hat-brim 
sits  the  'Polish  Dwarf*  in  profile  to  the  r.,  playing  a  fiddle  and  singing 
Mironton  ton  ton.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  : 

TVo  de  Storm  Madame  Phillis  Conduct  me, 

T'  amuse  her  Coeur  Douce  vid  a  GleCy 

Sans  Boue  et  Sans  Sale,  she  Protect  me 

From  de  rain,  vid  her  grand  Parapluie: 
For  Boruwlaski  see  No.  7065.  For  the  fashions  satirized  see  Nos.  6874, 
7099,  &c.   Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  die  Karikatur^  1906,  p.  283. 
8  X  6  in. 

7221  THE  STEWARD 

MOH  Inv  Jenk  M  Sculp 

Pub  Jun  ijSy  by  S  Simkins  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Gabriel  Powell,  the  Recorder  of  Swansea,  stands  in  a  street 
in  profile  to  the  r.  holding  a  tasselled  cane.  Behind  him  is  a  building 
inscribed  Swansea  Theatre,  apparently  drawn  with  topographical  correct- 
ness. The  surface  of  the  street  is  very  uneven,  and  apparently  unpaved. 
Two  pigs  rout  in  a  garbage  heap  by  the  side  of  the  road  (1.),  where  an 
upturned  cart  is  standing.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  Swansea  is  a  poor 
Town  mostly  inhabited  by  Copper  men  and  Colliers;  but  as  well  paved  as 
most  Country  Towns  are  I  know  of  no  Theatre  there;  I  may  have  heard  of 
one:  I  never  was  at  if*  OP  Ho  Com  Ap  ig  1787. 

The  Bill  'for  the  better  paving,  cleansing,  [&c.]  .  .  .*  of  Swansea,  and 
'for  removing  and  preventing  nuisances  .  .  .'  passed  its  second  reading  on 
19  April  by  63  to  36;  there  were  petitioners  for  and  against  the  Bill.  The 
discussion  is  not  recorded,  but  Powell  presumably  gave  evidence  against 
it,  ut  supra.  Commons'  Journals,  xlii.  645-7.  ^^^  ^^-  7222,  by  the  same 
artist,  for  the  attempt  made  by  Powell  to  secure  the  repeal  of  the  Act. 
iifX9iin. 

441 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7222  A  WELSH  CORPORATION  MEETING 

Mos  liar  Inv  Pip  See  Sculp  [1787] 

Engraving.  A  sequel  to  No.  7221.  An  altercation  between  members  of  a 
corporation.  A  man  holding  a  document  has  had  his  wig  snatched  off;  his 
assailant  (Powell)  is  being  restrained,  but  a  very  thin  man  wearing  bands, 
his  arm  linked  in  Powell's,  kicks  him.  Others  look  on.  A  form  has  been 
overturned.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  The  Corporation  of  Swansea  met 
at  their  Guildhall  No^  2  lySy  when  Gabrial  Pozvelly  Recorder^  Steward  to 
the  Duke  of  Beaufort y  brought  up  an  AttoV  &c  Ag^  81  Snatched  out  of  the 
Hands  of  ikf  Padley  a  Paper  which  he  was  reading  that  contained  a  proposition 
made  by  G.  P.  to  Mortgage  the  Corperation  Estate  for  £500  to  oppose  an  Act 
for  new  paving  the  Town  &  improving  the  Harbour ^  his  Son^  Tho^  Powell, 
a  Clargyman  &  Alderman  afterwards  knocked  down  M*  Cha^  Collins  an 
Eminent  Surgeoft  another  Burgess  who  insisted  on  reading  the  Paper  before  he 
was  called  to  for  his  Vote  &  while  on  the  Ground  most  malignently  & 
Cower dly  kicked  him  in  y'  Breast,  the  Father  seas^  M*  Collins^  Wig:  Robert 
Morris  Es(f  bursts  into  the  Room  restore^  the  Wig  &  puts  an  end  to  the 
Affray.    The  disgraceful  proposal  was  afterwards  car'^  10  to  5. 

Powell  is  a  tall  upright  man ;  for  his  opposition  to  the  Swansea  Paving 
Bill  see  No.  7221. 

9ftXi4iin. 


7223  DOCTOR  PLOT 

O.  P.  del  Q.  R.  Sculp, 

Pu¥  Oct'  15.  lySy  by  W.  Divey,  Black-heath,  Kent. 

Aquatint.  A  parson,  much  caricatured,  stands  holding  out  a  paper  inscribed 
The  Reversionary  Deed  £100  for  iiooo.  From  his  coat-pocket  protrudes 
a  paper:  one  of  my  Will[s].  A  demon  standing  in  a  pit  or  newly  dug  grave 
holds  a  chain  which  is  attached  to  one  of  his  ankles.  Behind  the  pit  (1.)  is 
a  rectangular  tomb  inscribed  Give  to  Genius  his  own  Offspring.  An  arm 
extends  from  the  1.  margin  of  the  design  to  grasp  a  money-bag  inscribed 
Simony  which  stands  on  the  tomb.  On  the  r.  is  a  cradle  filled  with  ( ?)  docu- 
ments. On  it  stands  a  stork,  whose  r.  leg  is  placed  on  an  anchor.  To  the 
anchor  is  attached  a  string,  the  other  end  of  which  is  held  by  a  winged 
woman  ( ?  an  angel)  who  looks  down  from  clouds.  Behind  the  cradle  is  a 
circular  tent,  inscribed  Bosworth  Field  Action ;  its  apex  is  surmounted  by 
a  skull  wearing  a  mitre.  Behind  the  tomb  is  a  churchyard  leading  to  a 
church.  Beneath  the  design  the  stork  and  anchor,  apparently  the  Doctor's 
crest,  are  enclosed  in  a  medallion,  beside  which  is  engraved : 

Cursed  be  the  Art  by  which  I  was  decoyed. 

And  dam'd  the  Vassal  of  this  Miscreant's  Pride; 

To  stand  pourtr ay' d,  a  Prisoner  of  State, 

Upon  his  Coaches  side,  and  Iron  Gate, 

And  stamp  a  satire  on  his  purloined  Plate. 

A  satire  on  an  unidentified  parson.  The  crest  is  that  of  the  Pitt  family, 
cf.  No.  7479.   The  ornamental  gate  enclosing  a  country  house  appears  in 
prints  of  rich  and  arrogant  parsons,  see  Nos.  6154,  3755  (c.  1785-6). 
9jX7i^gin. 

442 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     1787 

7224  THE  BISHOPRIC. 
[?  Kingsbury.] 

Gentlemens  Designs  Eccecuted  Gratis 

Pu¥  Jany  4,  lySy  by  S  W  Fores's  Caricature  Warehouse  N"  3 
Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  dressed  in  the  fashion  of  the  day 
stands  in  back  view,  looking  over  her  1.  shoulder.  She  lifts  her  petticoats 
to  show,  beneath  the  inflated  balloon  which  extends  her  dress  at  the  back, 
the  H.L.  figure  of  a  bishop,  head  downwards,  his  lawn  sleeves  contributing 
to  the  extension  of  her  petticoats.  She  wears  a  large  feathered  hat  and  holds 
an  enormous  mufl".  For  these  fashions  cf.  Nos.  6874,  7099,  7244. 
9  X  6J  in. 

7225  THE  MERRY  THAUGHT. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  April  16  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  A^"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.    A  woman  of  meretricious  appearance,  but  simply  dressed, 
except  for  a  large  cap  on  her  much-curled  hair,  reclines  on  a  sofa,  looking 
at  the  spectator.  The  title  seems  to  describe  the  position  of  her  legs  with 
knees  bent  outwards. 
6iX9fin. 

7226  THE  GIRL  IN  STILE. 
[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Gentlemens  Design  Eccecuted  Gratis 

Pu¥  Jany  18  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse  N""  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  courtesan  sits  in  a  small  armchair 
beside  a  small  round  tea-table,  holding  a  cup  in  an  affected  manner. 
Behind  her,  on  the  chair,  is  a  cat.  A  negro  foot-boy  in  livery  stands  behind 
the  table  holding  the  tap  of  an  urn  which  is  filling  the  tea-pot.  Both  look 
towards  the  spectator  with  heads  tilted  to  the  1.  A  picture,  freely  sketched 
but  apparently  pornographic,  hangs  on  the  wall.  From  the  ceiling  hangs 
a  cage  containing  a  parrot. 

The  title  is  from  a  farce  by  John  Scawen  (s^e  No.  5256)  acted  at  Covent 
Garden  6  Dec.  1786. 

7227  A  FAT  BUCK  OF  HYDE  PARK: 

Gentlemens  Designs  executed  gratis 

Pu¥  Jan  I  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse  N""  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  stout  man  rides  a  trotting  horse  in 
profile  to  the  r.  followed  by  a  dog.  He  rises  from  the  saddle  with  his  legs 

443 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

thrust  forward,  pulling  hard  at  the  curb  with  both  hands ;  the  snaffle  rein 
lies  on  the  lean  horse's  neck.  He  wears  a  broad-brimmed  round  hat  and 
a  coat  buttoned  across  his  chest  by  a  single  button.  For  satires  on  bad 
horsemanship  see  Nos.  7231-42.  Probably  imitated  from  No.  7242,  first 
published  i  Sept.  1786. 
9jXiiJin. 

7228  SQUIRE  MINIKIN. 
D.  A.  Cale  late  46  Re^ 

Pu¥  June  26  lySy  hy  S  W  Fores  A^"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  headless  man  with  only  one  leg  stands  with  his  instep  sup- 
ported on  the  point  of  a  cone  which  rests  on  a  rectangular  pedestal  inscribed 
High  Stations  are  painful.  A  peg  supplies  the  place  of  a  head.  His  hands 
are  behind  his  back  under  his  coat-tails,  through  which  projects  the 
riding-whip  which  he  is  holding.  He  wears  a  spurred  top-boot.  Beneath 
the  design  is  etched : 

High  Stations  Tumult  but  ?iot  Bliss  create 
None  think  the  Great  unhappy  but  the  Oreat. 

Probably  a  personal  satire  by  an  amateur.  Minikin  was  a  term  for  a  little 
man  or  woman,  also  the  smallest  sort  of  pin.   Grose,  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue, 
1796. 
Six 6 1^6  in. 

7229  A  LONG  MINUET  AS  DANCED  AT  BATH. 

H.  Bunbury  Esq^  Delin,  W.  Dickinson  Excudit 

LondoUy  Published  June  25**;  i^Sy  by  W:  Dickinson  Engraver ,  Bond 
Street. 

Stipple.  A  strip  design  of  ten  couples  in  different  stages  of  the  minuet, 
All  dance  in  silence ;  the  expressions  of  the  male  dancers  denote  anxiety, 
determination,  or  complacency.  All  are  intended  to  be  ugly,  or  awkward, 
or  both,  but  the  figures  have  charm,  and  even  in  some  cases  a  certain 
grace.  Above  the  design  is  engraved :  BoSy  Fur,  Sus,  atque  Sacerdos.  None  of 
the  men  suggests  a  parson,  most  are  lean  and  none  corpulent  by  eighteenth- 
century  standards.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved :  Longa  Tysonum  Minuit 
Quid  Velit  et  possit  rerum  concordia  discors.  Horace. 

Richard  Tyson  was  Master  of  the  Ceremonies  at  the  New  Rooms,  Bath. 
New  Bath  Guide ,  1795  (portrait  of  Tyson).  The  first  three  words  are  a 
punning  parody  (the  long  minuet  of  Tysons — or  men  like  Tyson)  of: 
*  Longa  Tithonum  minuit  Senectus.*  Horace,  OdeSy  xvi.  30.  The  remain- 
ing words  are  from  Horace,  EpistleSy  Book  i. 

Thicknesse,  New  Prose  Bath  Guide,  1778,  p.  38,  warns  visitors  against 
dancing  'in  so  public  an  assembly  as  Bath,  unless  they  are  quite  sure  they 
dance  with  some  Degree  of  Grace  and  Ease ; .  .  .  every  body  should  consult 
some  faithful,  not  flattering  friend,  .  .  .  before  they  let  themselves  off  in  a. 
Minuet'. 

On  four  plates ;  this  print  and  No.  7230  are  the  most  famous  of  Bunbury's 
designs.    They  introduced  a  fashion  for  prints  of  a  sequence  of  figures 

444 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

arranged  in  a  strip.  In  a  portrait  of  Bunbury  by  Lawrence,  engraved  by 
Ryder,  he  holds  the  Long  Minuet^  pencil  in  hand.    Cf.  No.  7441. 

Partially  reproduced,  Barbeau,  Life  and  Letters  at  Bath  in  the  Eighteenth 
Century,  1904,  p.  60. 

Reissued  with  the  imprint:  Published  March  8th  1794  by  S.  W.  Fores 
N°  3  Piccadilly  where  may  be  had  all  M^  Bunbury' s  and  Rowlandson's 
Works. 
8i«gX84fin. 

7229  A  A  LONG  MINUET. 
H.  Bunbury  Esq''  Del 

A  reduced  copy  (coloured  impression),  ten  figures  from  the  original 

arranged  in  two  rows. 

8fxi2jin. 

7230  THE  PROPAGATION  OF  A  LIE. 

H.  W.  Bunbury  Esg^  Delin^  W.  Dickinson  Excudit, 

London  Published  Dec''  2g^\  lySy  by  W.  Dickinson  Bond  Street, 

From  an  Original  Drawing  by  H  Bunbury  Esq''  in  the  Possession  of  John 
Hayne  Esq''  Bath. 

Stipple.  A  strip  design  of  a  sequence  of  eighteen  figures,  all  men.  Their 
gestures  and  expressions  denote  pleasure,  surprise,  or  horror  (real  or 
affected).  Over  the  head  of  each  person  the  words  he  speaks  are  engraved. 
The  first  (1.)  runs  forward  in  profile  to  the  r.,  chapeau  bras,  both  arms 
extended,  exclaiming  Tis  true.  The  next,  looking  away  gloomily,  says,  Tis 
Pity.  A  man,  with  a  pleased  smile,  says  As  tender  as  possible.  His  neigh- 
bour says  Dont  mention  it,  to  a  man  who  says  Poo,  Poo.  The  next,  clench- 
ing his  fist,  says  angrily,  God  Zounds  hold — your  Tongue,  addressing  a 
foppish  man  who  capers  delightedly,  saying  Ha  Ha.  The  next,  with  a 
shocked  (but  pleased)  expression  says  O  La  !  to  a  man  who  answers,  Dear 
me  you  dont  say  so?  A  stout  man  yawns  Heigh  ho.  A  lean  one  says  O  Fye. 
The  next  couple,  addressing  each  other,  say  Indeed!  and  There  now.  The 
next,  highly  pleased,  says  /  thought  so  to  an  angry  man  who  exclaims  The 
Devil!  A  lean  austere  man,  raising  a  hand,  says  No  sure.  A  foppish  man, 
chapeau  bras,  bowing  with  his  hand  on  his  heart,  says,  Depend  upon  it. 
The  last,  horrified,  exclaims  O  Lord!  O  Lord! 

The  great  subject  of  rumour,  innuendo,  assertion,  and  denial  at  this 
time  was  the  marriage  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  cf.  No.  7165,  which  Bunbury 
may  or  may  not  have  had  in  mind.  The  print  was  shown  to  the  royal 
family  in  Feb.  1788  by  Fanny  Burney.  Diary,  under  March  1788.  It  was 
imitated  in  No.  7440  and  in  a  political  print,  The  Propagation  of  a  Truth, 
see  No.  7482.  The  design  is  on  three  sheets  pasted  together.  Cf.  No.  7229. 
8ix68iin. 

7230  A  A  reduced  copy,  the  figures  arranged  in  three  rows,  was  pub- 
lished in  the  Hibernian  Magazine  for  July  1788. 
loiX  Hi  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

445 


CATALOGUE   OF   POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 
7231-7242 

Plates  to  Bunbury*s  An  Academy  for  grown  horsemen  containing  the 
completest  instructions  for  walkings  trotting^  cantering^  galloping, 
stumbling  and  tumbling.  ...By  Geoffrey  Gambado,  Esq;  Riding  master. 
Master  of  the  Horse,  and  Grand  Equerry  to  the  Doge  of  Venice.  .  .  . 

London:  Printed  for  W.  Dickinson,  .  .  .  S.  Hooper,  No.  212,  facing 
Bloomsbury  Square,  High  Holborn;  and  Messrs  .Robinsons,  Pater 
NosterRow.  MDCCLXXXVII. 

An  edition  with  plates  etched  by  Rowlandson  was  published  in  1809;  the 
etchings  are  based  on  the  original  designs,  but  have  many  alterations, 
including  additional  figures. 

In  1 79 1  a  sequel  was  published:  Annals  of  Horsemanship:  containing 
accounts  of  accidental  experiments  and  experimental  accidents,  both  successful 
and  unsuccessful:  communicated  by  various  correspondents  to  Geoffrey  Gam- 
bado, Esq.  .  .  .  and  now  first  published,  by  the  Editor  of  the  Academy  for 
Grown  Horsemen.  ... 

London:  Printed  for  W.  Dickinson,  .  .  .  S.  Hooper,  .  .  .  and  J.  Archer,  and 
R.  White,  Dame  Street,  Dublin.  MDCCXCI.   [B.M.L.  62.  h.  15/2]. 

This  has  seventeen  plates  after  Bunbury,  probably  engraved  by  W.  Dickin- 
son. An  edition  with  plates  etched  by  Rowlandson  was  published  in  1808. 

7231  GEOFFREY  GAMBADO  ESQR 

H.  Bunbury  Esq^  DelinK  W.  Dickinson  Excudit 

London,  Publish' d  Sep""  i'^  iy86  by  W,  Dickinson  Engraver  &  Print- 
seller  N""  158  Bond  Street. 

Stipple.  Frontispiece.  A  stout  man  seated  by  a  table  (1.),  one  hand  resting 
on  a  book  as  if  sitting  for  a  portrait.  He  holds  a  crutch,  one  gouty  foot  is 
bandaged;  his  hair  is  tousled,  his  face  ludicrously  contorted  by  a  frown. 
Four  framed  prints  of  men  on  horseback  or  leading  horses  are  on  the  wall, 
which  is  also  decorated  by  a  pair  of  clumsy  top-boots  hanging  from  a  nail. 
A  saddle  leans  against  the  wall. 

Portrait  of  the  reputed  author  of  Bunbury's  satire  on  bad  horsemanship, 
who  is  the  son  of  a  tailor.   Gambado  was  a  case  of  stiff  leather,  used  in 
Devonshire  instead  of  boot  and  stirrup,  which  was  fastened  to  the  saddle 
and  admitted  the  leg  and  shoe.   Grose,  Diet.  Vulgar  Tongue,  1796. 
71^6  X  6|  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7232  THE  MISTAKEN  NOTION. 

H.  Bunbury  Esq^  Delin.  W  Dickinson  Excudit 

London,  Published  June  25^*  lySy  by  W.  Dickinson,  Bond  Street. 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  i.  A  good-looking  young  man  rides  a  horse  in  profile 
to  the  i.  A  park-paling  and  foliage  form  a  background.  He  evidently 
represents  Bunbury  *s  ideal  horseman,  and  is  ironically  described  as  riding 
according  to  'the  false  notions  of  horsemanship  .  .  ,  industriously  circu- 
lated by  Newcastle,  La  Fosse,  Pembroke  and  Berenger  .  .  .'. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cxxxi. 
7f  X  6|  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

446 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     IjSj 

7233  A  BIT  OF  BLOOD. 

H.  Bunhury  Esq""  Delin  W.  Dickinson  Excudit 

London^  Published  Aug'^  i'^  lySy  by  W:  Dickinson,    Engraver   & 
Printseller  N''  158  Bond  Street. 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  3.  A  man  canters  in  profile  to  the  I.  on  a  lean  and 
broken-kneed  horse  whose  hind-quarter  is  branded.  He  has  only  one  rein 
attached  to  ill-fitting  harness,  and  sits  with  his  leg  thrust  forward  and  holds 
a  club  against  his  r.  shoulder.  Behind  him  (r.)  is  a  signpost :  77?^  Bridle 
Way  to  Horse-Lydown  (a  pun  on  Horselydown,  Southwark).  In  the  back- 
ground are  trees  and  (1.)  the  Thames  with  ships. 

A  typical  apprentice  on  *a  bit  of  blood!  ...  for  neither  flesh  nor  bone 
have  they  to  boast  of  (p.  3). 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cxxx. 
6Jx8J  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7234  ONE  WAY  TO  STOP  YOUR  HORSE. 

H.  Bunbury  Esq"^  Delin,  W,  Dickinson  Excudit 

London,  Published  Sep'  i;  iy86  [sic]  by  W,  Dickinson  Engraver  & 
Printseller  N''  158  Bond  Street. 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  4.  A  man  rides  a  dray  horse  in  profile  to  the  1.  leaning 
back  and  pulling  hard  at  the  reins  (especially  the  snaffle),  but  the  horse  is 
stopped  by  the  side  of  a  hackney  coach  (1.)  through  whose  window  is  seen 
an  agitated  female  hand.  The  driver  turns  round  angrily,  holding  up  his 
whip. 

7^1  X  6^1  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7235  HOW  TO  RIDE  GENTEEL  AND  AGREEABLE  DOWN  HILL.' 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  6.  A  man,  smartly  dressed  and  of  vulgar  appearance, 
rides  (r.  to  1.)  downhill ;  his  leg  is  thrust  forward,  he  leans  forward,  grinning 
vacantly,  his  hands  resting  on  the  horse's  neck,  so  that  his  head  is  low, 
and  the  animal  is  about  to  stumble  over  large  stones  which  lie  on  the  road. 
7iX7in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7236  HOW  TO  LOSE  YOUR  WAY.» 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  14.  A  man  rides  on  a  country  road  in  profile  to  the  I., 
facing  a  squall  of  wind  and  rain  which  beats  the  brim  of  his  round  hat 
over  his  face.  He  approaches  a  fork  in  the  road  with  a  signpost  (1.)  showing 
the  roads  to  Oxford  and  [L]ondon.  A  bag  at  the  back  of  his  saddle  shows 
that  he  is  'what  is  called  on  the  road,  a  rider,  a  bag-man  or  bagster'. 
8j\  X7i  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7237  HOW  TO  TURN  ANY  HORSE,  MARE  OR  GELDING.' 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  21.  A  smartly  dressed  and  vulgar  man  rides  in  profile 
to  the  1.  a  small  thick-set  horse  which  he  attempts  to  turn  to  the  1.  by 
pulling  the  reins  on  the  on  side,  while  the  off  reins  lie  on  the  animal's  neck. 

'  Signature  and  imprint  as  No.  7234. 
447 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

He  also  flicks  the  horse's  head  with  the  lash  of  his  whip.  In  the  back- 
ground is  a  paling  above  which  appear  scarecrows  and  the  windlass  of  a  well. 
SigX  61|  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7238  HOW  TO  BE  RUN  AWAY  WITH.» 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  28.  A  man  leans  back  in  the  saddle  tugging  hard  at  his 
single  rein,  his  legs  thrust  forward.  The  runaway  horse  is  leaping  an  over- 
turned wheelbarrow,  belonging  to  a  woman  (r.)  who  lies  on  her  back 
screaming.  The  fruit  from  the  barrow  strews  the  ground.  In  the  back- 
ground (r.)  another  rider  leans  back  trying  to  stop  a  plunging  horse.  Trees 
and  a  house  (r.)  form  a  background. 
Sj^gX  6^1  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7239  HOW  TO  STOP  YOUR  HORSE  AT  PLEASURE.' 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  30.  A  horse  dashes  through  an  open  stable  door  (1.),  the 

building  concealing  his  head  and  forelegs.    The  rider  stoops  to  avoid 

the  lintel ;  his  hat  flies  off^.   His  foot,  thrust  forward,  is  about  to  strike  the 

door-post. 

7{  X  6|  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7240  HOW  TO  PASS  A  CARRIAGE.' 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  32.  A  man  rides  (r.  to  1.)  a  violently  shying  horse, 
passing  on  the  near  side  a  two-wheeled  farmer's  cart,  driving  1.  to  r.,  in 
which  are  seated  a  man  and  woman,  the  backs  of  their  heads  being  visible. 
The  front  part  of  the  cart  is  cut  off  by  the  r.  edge  of  the  design.  The 
horseman  wears  naval  uniform,  his  hat  flies  off,  he  tugs  at  his  on  rein  with 
both  hands.  He  is  attempting  to  pass  between  the  cart  and  a  steep  bank. 
At  the  back  of  the  cart  a  goose  puts  its  head  through  a  basket  to  hiss  at  the 
horse.  A  dog  barks  at  the  bird. 
713x611  in.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7241  HOW  TO  RIDE  A  HORSE  UPON  THREE  LEGS.'    DIS- 
COVER'D  ANN:  DOM:  1786. 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  34.  An  elderly  parson  rides  (r.  to  1.)  a  horse  whose  near 
hind-leg  is  caught  up  in  the  surcingle.  Behind  him  (r.)  is  a  triple  sign- 
post pointing  (1.)  to  York  &  Carlisle  and  (r.)  to  Lon[don]  and  H[untiftgdon], 
He  is  described  as  the  Rev.  D.  B.  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  who  had 
dined  too  well  at  the  Crown,  Huntingdon,  to  discover  the  reason  for  his 
horse's  hobbling  pace.  Perhaps  Richard  Beadon  (1737-1824),  Master  of 
Jesus.  See  No.  7266. 
7iiX7iim.  B.M.L.  7905.  k.  4. 

7242  HOW  TO  RIDE  UP  HYDE  PARK.' 

Stipple.  Facing  p.  37.  A  smartly  dressed  man  of  vulgar  appearance  rides 
(1.  to  r.)  a  horse  which  starts  forward.  He  looks  smiling  to  the  r. ;  his  r.  leg 
is  thrust  forward  almost  horizontally,  his  r.  hand  is  on  the  horse's  neck. 
He  is  the  cit  riding  on  Sunday : 

'  Signature  and  imprint  as  No.  7234. 

448 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

Anxious  and  fearful  too  his  steed  to  shew, 

The  hack  Bucephalus  of  Rotten  Row; 

Careless  he  seems,  yet  vigilantly  sly 

Woo 's  the  stray  glance  of  ladies  passing  by ; 

Whilst  his  left  heel,  insidiously  aside, 

Provokes  the  caper  that  he  seems  to  chide."  (p.  38.) 

Bunbury  quotes  from  Sheridan's  prologue,  originally  written  for,  and 
spoken  before,  Lady  Craven's  Miniature  Picture  (1781),  but  published  as 
the  prologue  to  Pizarro^  i799'    S.  Rogers,  Table  Talk,  1856,  p.  68.   Cf. 
No.  7227. 
8X7i^6in. 

7243  BILLIARDS. 
William  Hally  del: 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  Aug^  14^  ^7^7'  by  H.  Humphry  51  New 
Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  man  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.  holding  his  cue  in  both  hand.«5.   His  opponent  stands  behind  him 
(1.)  watching  anxiously.  Two  spectators,  one  a  parson,  stand  one  on  each 
side  of  the  curiously  shaped  table  on  which  four  balls  are  visible. 
5igX8Jin. 

7244  A  STAGE  BOX  SCENE 
[?J.  Wicksteed.] 

Pu¥  Jany  I.  lySy  by  J:  Wicksteed  N^  30  Henrietta  Str*  Cov^  Garden 
London 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Three  ladies  are  seated  in  a  box,  their 
arms  to  the  elbow  are  in  enormous  fur  muffs  which  project  over  the  front 
of  the  box.  Beneath  them,  to  indicate  the  fur  of  the  muff  and  (apparently) 
the  character  of  the  lady,  is  engraved  respectively  M"  Bruin,  Miss  Chienne, 
Miss  Renard.  The  only  element  of  caricature  is  in  the  muffs  (not  extrava- 
gantly caricatured  as  in  No.  7248,  &c.);  the  heads  are  charmingly  drawn 
and  the  hairdressing  is  scarcely  exaggerated.  For  large  muffs  cf.  Nos.  721 1, 
7224,  7247,  7248,  7252,  7253. 
5|X7jin.   With  border,  6f  X  8j^g  in. 

7245  THE  GO-BETWEEN  OR  BARROW  MAN  EMBARRASS'D. 

Published  Jany  i&^  lySy,  by  H.  Humphrey,  N"  51,  New  Bond  Street, 
London, 

Engraving.  A  man  wheels  a  wheelbarrow  towards  the  spectator;  his 
progress  is  impeded  by  two  ladies  who  stand  one  on  each  side  of  him 
facing  each  other  in  profile ;  their  enormously  projecting  breasts  touch  each 
other  in  front  of  the  man's  chest.  They  wear  wide-brimmed  hats  and 
petticoats  extended  at  the  back.  For  the  fashions  satirized  see  Nos.  6874, 
7099,  &c. 
7i|Xioin. 

449  Gg 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7246  [HAIRDRESSING.] 
[C.  M.  Fanshawe  del.] 
Published  by  jf'  Bretherton  f  lySy, 

Engraving.  A  lady  sits  full-face  behind  a  dressing-table,  an  open  book  in 
her  hand,  while  a  hairdresser  (1.)  curls  her  hair  with  tongs;  a  cloud  of 
smoke  shows  that  her  hair  is  burning,  her  expression  shows  that  it  is  pain- 
ful. She  wears  a  dressing-gown.  Beside  her  (r.)  stands  another  woman, 
her  mouth  open  as  if  singing.  The  hairdresser  stands  legs  astride  with  an 
expression  of  fierce  determination.  Two  combs  are  stuck  in  his  hair.  The 
two  side-flaps  of  the  small  folding  dressing-table  are  open,  and  the  small 
mirror  stands  in  the  centre.  On  the  table  are  toilet  boxes  and  a  tress  of 
hair.  Above  the  design  is  etched : 

*^Alas!  by  some  degree  of  woe 

We  every  bliss  must  gairiy 

The  heart  can  ne'er  a  transport  know, 

That  never  felt  a  pain.*' 
SfXiif  in. 

7247  A  MAN  MILLENER. 
THE  MUFF 

[?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub*^  Feby  i6  lySy  by  SW  Fores  at  the  Caracature  Warehouse  iV"  j 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  two  designs  form 
a  contrasted  pair  of  figures,  [i]  A  man  of  very  feminine  appearance  walks 
1.  to  r.  looking  coquettishly  to  front  carrying  a  circular  band-box  and  a 
frilled  hat,  both  extremely  large.  Over  his  r.  arm  is  an  appliance  for  infla- 
ting the  feminine  figure;  a  false  'derriere*  (see  No.  6874)  is  attached  to  his 
waist  at  the  back ;  he  holds  in  his  1.  hand  and  against  his  chin  one  of  the 
gauze  projections  for  extending  the  bust  (see  No.  7099,  &c.). 
9JX7in. 

[2]  A  lady,  wearing  a  hat  similar  to  the  one  carried  by  the  Man  Milliner, 
holds  an  enormous  muff  which  conceals  her  person,  reaching  from  her 
breast  to  the  edge  of  her  skirt.  See  No.  7244,  &c. 
9ix6iin. 

7248  L'ECLIPSE. 

[V.  Aynscombe.]  Etc¥  by  J.  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  Febv  20,  lySy.  by  H  Humphrey  N"  51 
New  Bond  SP 

Engraving.  A  lady  stands  full-face  with  an  enormous  fur  muff^  which  con- 
ceals her  person  completely  except  for  her  head  and  shoulders  and  the 
edge  of  her  petticoats.  On  her  much  extended  hair  she  wears  a  conical  hat 
trimmed  with  a  monstrous  arrangement  of  ostrich  feathers  and  the  tail 
feathers  of  (?)  a  pheasant.  Round  her  neck  sprays  of  roses  and  other 
flowers  are  arranged.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  : 

450 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

Dediee  aux  AstronomeSy  et  aux  Philosophes  \  du  dixhuitieme  Steele  par 

VA, 

For  satires  on  large  muffs  see  No.  7244,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  p.  112. 
io|X7  in. 

7249  COCK  AND  HEN  POUTERS 

Published  Fehy  24^  1787  by  S.  W,  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  fashionably  dressed 
man  and  woman  (H.L.)  face  each  other  in  profile.  The  outline  of  the  man's 
projecting  shirt-frill  resembles  that  of  projecting  gauze  which  covers  the 
lady's  bust,  see  Nos.  7021,  7099,  &c.  In  the  space  between  them  two 
pouter-pigeons  stand  facing  each  other.  On  the  man's  coat  are  large 
buttons  inscribed  respectively  A  B  c  D. 
4iX7in. 

7250  ANCIENT  &  MODERN  PYRAMIDS. 

[Miss  Fanshawe  del.]  J^  Bretherton  f  March  3^  1787. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  ladies  stand  full-face;  one  (1.), 
elderly  and  wearing  the  full  dress  of  c.  1760,  holds  a  fan  and  scowls  dis- 
approvingly at  the  other.  Her  cap  terminates  in  a  point  on  the  apex  of  her 
coiffure,  her  wide  skirts  are  hooped,  and  she  wears  elbow  sleeves  with  long 
ruffles.  The  younger  woman  (r.)  looks  with  interest  and  mild  surprise  at 
the  elder  lady.  She  wears  a  wide-brimmed  feathered  hat,  which  extends 
beyond  her  shoulders.  Her  petticoats  hang  straight  from  her  hips;  her 
position  perhaps  conceals  the  fashionable  projection  at  the  back.  The  two 
costumes  are  in  complete  contrast,  the  broadest  part  of  the  younger 
lady's  silhouette  being  her  hat.  Her  dress  is  of  a  somewhat  masculine  cut, 
with  shoulder-capes.  Similar  in  manner  to  No.  71 14. 
lOlgXiSiiin. 

7251  SUCH  THINGS  ARE.— SUCH  THINGS  WERE. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor ^  by  W.  Dickie  N°  ig5  Strand. 
March  the  28^^  1787. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  figures,  one  above  the  other  (1.), 
headed  modern.,  are  compared  with  three  Others  (r.)  headed  ancient.: 
[i]  A  man  with  wide-brimmed  hat,  cutaway  coat,  projecting  shirt-frill  (see 
No.  7249),  short  waistcoat,  with  two  pendant  seals,  tight  breeches  and 
horizontally  striped  stockings,  low  shoes  with  ties,  is  contrasted  with  a 
man  wearing  a  large  wig,  long  coat  with  wide  cuffs,  long  waistcoat,  and 
high-quartered  shoes  of  c.  1740-50.  [2]  A  lady  with  loose  hair  decorated 
with  feathers  and  the  inflated  breast  and  petticoats  of  c.  1785-8  stands  in 
profile  to  the  r.  Opposite  her  stands  demurely,  full-face  with  her  hands 
clasped,  a  lady  with  the  closely  dressed  hair,  fichu,  ruffled  sleeves,  and 
slightly  hooped  petticoats  of  c,  1750.  [3]  A  man  stands  with  legs  astride 
and  arms  akimbo,  a  bludgeon  under  his  r.  arm.  He  is  dressed  in  the  fashion 
of  the  day  with  vertically  striped  stockings,  wearing  a  large  KevenhuUer 

451 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

hat.  Opposite  him  a  man  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  wearing  a  small  hat 
with  long  coat  and  waistcoat ;  his  cuffs  are  very  wide,  he  wears  gloves  and 
holds  a  short  tasselled  stick.   The  dress  appears  to  be  that  of  the  late  60 's. 

See  also  Nos.  7252,  7253.  For  the  fashions  satirized  see  Nos.  6874,  7099, 
71 16,  7763,  &c.   The  'ancient'  fashions  are  also  exaggerated. 

Such  things  are  is  a  play  by  Mrs.  Inchbald,  first  played  at  Covent  Garden 
1 1  Feb.  1787.  {Such  things  were^  by  Prince  Hoare,  was  played  at  Bath  ini788.) 
I2ix8jin. 

7252  SUCH  THINGS  ARE      TELLES  CHOSES  SONT 
[?  Mercer.] 

Puhlishd,  April  2*^  lySy  by  S.  W,  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse 
N"  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Four  figures  of  ladies  caricaturing  the 
dress  of  the  period.  The  upper  pair  face  each  other  in  profile,  one  with 
feathers  in  her  much  puffed-out  hair,  the  other  with  a  wide  hat  tied  under 
her  chin  (a  Werter  hat,  cf.  No.  7054).  Below,  one  (1.)  stands  full-face,  the 
other  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  with  her  head  in  back  view,  showing  the 
arrangement  of  her  hair.  The  fashions  satirized  are  the  puffed-out  breasts, 
see  No.  7099,  &c.,  the  false  'derrieres',  see  No.  6874,  ^c->  hairdressing  and 
large  muffs,  see  No.  7244,  &c.  The  hair  is  much  extended  on  each  side 
of  the  head  and  divided  at  the  back  by  a  queue  reaching  below  the  waist. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

That  Such  Things  are  most  strange  yet  common 
What  Things?  for  sure  they  are  not  Women. 

The  plate  closely  resembles  No.  7253,  and  one  must  have  been  copied 
from  the  other.  According  to  Angelo,  a  series  of  plates,  four  figures  on 
each,  was  designed  by  Mercer,  a  military  officer,  with  the  title  applied 
from  Mrs.  Inchbald 's  comedy;  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  328,  but  he  appears 
to  have  been  anticipated  by  Dent,  see  No.  7251. 
12x8/0  in. 

7253  SUCH  THINGS  ARE. 
[?  Mercer.] 

Published  April  6'*  lySy.  by  H.  Humphry  N°  51  New  Bond  Street, 

Engraving.  Four  figures  resembling  those  of  No.  7252,  reversed,  and  with 
differences  of  detail.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved ; 

That  such  things  are  we  must  alloWy 

But  such  things  never  were  till  now. 

Attributed  to  Gillray  by  Grego  (p.  85).  Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  xcvi. 
ii|x8|in. 

7254  A  JUDGE  I  AN  OLD  WOMAN 

Pu¥  March  30.  lySy  by  S  W  Fores,  N"  3  Piccadilly: 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  A  single  head,  full- 
face,  so  drawn  as  to  resemble  that  of  an  old  woman,  and,  upside  down, 

452 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  787 

that  of  a  judge,  the  woman's  cap  forming  the  judge's  wig.  The  closed  eye- 
lids of  one  form  the  eyebrows  of  the  other.  For  this  device  see  No. 
7617,  &c. 

5x31  in. 

7255  PRAY  REMEMBER  THE  5TH  OF  NOVEMBER.    HUZZA! 

[After  Dighton.] 

236  Printed  for  Carington  BowleSy  N°  6g  S*  PauVs  Church   Yardy 
London,  Published  as  the  Act  directs^  ij  March  lySy, 

Engraving.  An  effigy  of  Guy  Vaux  seated  in  a  chair  supported  on  poles 
is  carried  (r.  to  1.)  by  a  party  of  boys.  The  guy  wears  a  tie-wig,  a  tattered, 
old-fashioned  coat,  and  holds  a  lantern  and  bundle  of  matches.  The  boys 
are  dressed  as  soldiers :  some  wear  wooden  swords  and  military  hats.  In 
the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  drummer,  his  high  cap  inscribed  Huzza  for  King 
George.  A  large  spaniel  runs  beside  the  procession. 
6JX9jin. 

7256  HOOLY  AND  FAIRLY. 

S8i  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  AT"  6g  S'  PauVs  Church 
Yardy  London,  \c,  1787] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Illustration  to  a  song  in  Scots  engraved 
beneath  th^  title  with  the  refrain 

O!  gin  my  Wife  wad  drink  Hooly  and  Fairly. 

An  elderly  Scots  bonnet  laird  or  farmer  stands  repeating  the  song,  which 
is  a  complaint  of  the  extravagance  and  misconduct  of  his  wife.  He  wears 
a  round  Scots  bonnet  and  a  tartan  plaid  over  his  coat,  long  stockings,  and 
shoes  tied  with  strings,  tattered  gloves  from  which  his  fingers  protrude; 
a  cane  is  suspended  from  his  1.  wrist.  He  holds  in  his  1.  hand  a  small 
tankard  with  an  open  lid  indicating  in  London  *a  dram',  or  gin.  In  the 
background  is  a  small  house,  partly  visible  on  the  1.,  outside  which  stands 
the  wife,  drunk  and  flourishing  a  similar  tankard;  a  wine-bottle  lies  at  her 
feet,  a  man  leans  from  the  window.  On  the  r.  is  a  farm  building  with  a 
horse,  two  cows,  and  a  broken  fence.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  is  a  large 
thistle. 
1 1  f  X  9I  in.  *  Caricatures',  i.  42. 

7257  MOLLY  MILTON,  THE  PRETTY  OYSTER  WOMAN. 

58  s  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  BowleSy  N"  6g  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yardy  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  ?  c.  1787]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression),  A  gaily  dressed  young  woman  wearing 
a  flat  hat,  ringlets,  a  handkerchief  which  displays  her  breast,  and  an  apron 
over  a  quilted  petticoat,  stands  at  her  shallow  tub  of  oysters,  a  knife  in  her 
r.  hand,  turning  to  smile  towards  a  fashionably  dressed  young  man  (1.) 
who  ogles  her,  his  r.  hand  in  his  breeches  pocket,  his  1.  resting  on  a  cane. 
A  black  page  in  livery  (r.),  wearing  a  turban  ornamented  with  feathers  and 
beads,  smiles  insinuatingly  at  her,  holding  out  a  bowl.   A  high  wall  with 

453 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

placards,  and  large  brick  houses,  probably  at  Billingsgate,  form  a  back- 
ground. 

Milton  [or  Melton]  Oysters  was  a  song  in  the  repertory  of  the  London 
tea-gardens.    It  was  sung  by  Mrs.  Jordan  with  great  success  in  her  early 
days.  Jordan's  Elixir  of  Life y  1789,  pp.  5,  38-9.    It  begins: 
There  was  a  clever  likely  Lass, 

Just  come  to  town  from  Gloucester; 
And  she  did  get  her  livelihood. 
By  crying  Milton  Oysters. 

The  Marybone  Concert  [n.d.],  p.  6. 

i2jX9ii  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  109. 


454 


1788 
POLITICAL  SATIRES 

7258  A  MODERN  ST  GEORGE. 
[PBearblocL] 

Pu¥Jany  I.  lySSfor  I  and  I B.  by  R.  Clamp  Holborn  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III  in  profile  to  the  r.  on  a 
white  horse  rides  down  a  stag  which  is  under  the  hoofs  of  his  rearing  horse. 
He  wears  the  Windsor  uniform  (blue  coat  with  red  collar  and  cuffs)  and 
holds  a  riding- whip  above  his  head.  A  wooded  landscape  suggests  Windsor 
Park.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  A  Hint  to  M*"  West  for  a  Painting  in  S^ 
George's  Hall.  Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7173. 
loiXiaf  in. 

7259  A  FLAT  BETWEEN  TWO  SHARPS 
[James  Hook.] 

[Published  jfany  ij.  iy88  by  S.  Fores  N'>  3  PiccadillyY 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  lawyers,  wearing  long  gowns, 
stand  one  on  each  side  of  a  gaping  yokel,  whose  1.  hand  is  in  his  waistcoat 
pocket.  They  look  at  each  other  in  profile  behind  the  back  of  their  client. 
They  are  identified  in  an  old  hand  as  Macdonald,  Solicitor-General  (1.), 
grasping  the  flat  by  the  arm,  and  Arden,  Attorney- General  (r.).  Each 
holds  a  rolled  paper.  The  title  is  repeated  in  musical  notation. 
I2i%x8iin. 

7260  wousKi 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Jany  23'^  iy88  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  S* 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Prince  William  Henry 
seated  in  a  hammock  tenderly  embraces  a  pretty  African  or  mulatto  girl ; 
they  gaze  into  each  other's  eyes.  He  is  in  profile  to  the  r.,  and  wears  naval 
uniform  with  striped  trousers,  a  star  on  his  coat.  The  hammock  is  slung 
above  a  chest  inscribed  P"  W^  W. ;  a  coil  of  rope,  a  cask  oi  Jamaica  Runty 
and  a  cannon  indicate  the  Prince's  ship.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched: 

Far  be  the  noise 

Of  Kings  &  Crowns  from  uSy  whose  gentle  souls 

Our  kinder  fates  have  steer d  another  way. 

Free  as  the  forest  birds  we'll  pair  together 

Without  remembering  who  our  fathers  were. 

And  in  soft  murmurs  interchange  our  souls. 

Prince  William  returned  to  England  from  Jamaica  via  Quebec  in  Dec. 
1787  in  the  Pegasus  frigate  of  which  he  was  captain.    See  No.  7296. 

*  Written  in  a  contemporary  hand, 

455 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Wouski,  a  black,  is  a  character  in  Colman's  opera,  Inkle  and  YaricOy  first 
played  at  the  Haymarket,  4  Aug.  1787.   Genest,  vi.  453.   See  No.  7926. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  92-3.    Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  p.  259. 
6J  X  io|  in. 

7261  TO  DURHAM. 
[?  J.  Baldrey.] 

Pu¥  Fehy  I.  iy88,  by  I.  Baldrey.  AT"  ig  Holhorn,  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Thurlow,  in  his 
Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  kicks  with  much  vigour  the  back  of  a  bishop 
whom  he  urges  along  a  road  in  the  direction  of  a  signpost  (r.)  pointing 
To  Durham  (the  only  title  of  the  print).  The  bishop  wears  a  mitre,  a  gown, 
and  extravagantly  large  lawn  sleeves;  his  1.  hand  is  raised  deprecatingly, 
his  r.  is  behind  his  back  as  if  to  ward  off  the  Chancellor's  kick.  Thurlow's 
arms  are  raised  above  his  head ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  his  hat.  In  the  background 
(1.)  is  a  cathedral;  a  devil  flying  over  it  indicates  that  it  is  Lincoln.  Beneath 
the  design  is  engraved  a  dialogue  between  the  two  brothers:  Grcecari 
Nescio — Apage  Thomas^  Grcecari  nan  est  Greed  Loquty  sed  est  Epulariy 
Saturariy  Expleriy  Satiariy  Helluari — Epidas  quadrifariam  vel  Centifariam 
dispertire — In  CapitCy  fortunisque  hominum  Te  longe  longeque  honestiorum 
dominari — Ohe!  Grcecus  Sum — Salve  Grcecule  frater  fraterrime — . 

Thomas  Thurlow  was  translated  (27  Jan.  1787)  from  the  see  of  Lincoln 
to  that  of  Durham,  cf.  No.  7146.    He  owed  his  rapid  promotion  to  his 
brother.  Abbey,  The  English  Church  and  its  Bishops  iyoo-i8oOy  ii.  220. 
S/gXiiJin. 

7262  BLACK-DICK  TURN'D  TAYLOR. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Fehy  4^  iy88  by  G.  Humphrey  N'*  48  Long  Acre. 

Engraving.  Lord  Howe  (1.)  sits  cross-legged  on  a  tailor's  shop-board 
working  at  a  naval  coat  which  lies  across  his  knees.  He  holds  up  a  threaded 
needle  in  his  r.  hand ;  in  his  1.  are  shears  with  which  he  is  about  to  cut  the 
thread.  He  says,  /  have  now  finished  my  Seven  Years  Plan  of  the  N-v-l 
Uniform;  next  the  Marines  must  be  BluCy  faced  with  White y  &  White 
Buttons.  I  shan't  let  the  Guardships  cruize  as  formerly y  a  bad  plan,  give  me 
young  Officers  that  know  little y  then  I  may  shew  my  skill — The  word  Merit 
should  be  expung'dfrom  the  Dictionary.  Next  Year  I  must  set  a  few  more  of 
the  old  Ninety  Two's  aside y  &  have  smart  young  Admirals.  Fll  have  a  general 
reform  soon.  Beside  him  is  a  tailor's  goose,  &c.  Behind  him  (r.)  five  naval 
coats  in  course  of  completion  hang  from  a  row  of  pegs,  two  have  elaborately 
wide  cuffs,  one  of  which  is  decorated  with  an  anchor. 

Beneath  the  board  on  which  Howe  sits  are  demons  from  whose  opera- 
tions smoke  rises  to  surround  him.  Two  grotesque  nude  creatures  (1.),  one 
very  thin,  the  other  obese,  are  on  the  top  of  a  circular  platform  which  rests 
on  a  mast  flying  an  ensign.  They  are  cooking  a  goose,  a  cabbage,  and  a 
cucumber,  all  emblems  of  the  tailor,  cf.  No.  5805,  &c.  The  place  where 
the  *cabbage'  (pilfered  cloth)  was  kept  was  called  Hell.  Grose,  Diet. 
Vulgar  Tongue y  1796.   Next  them  a  large  devil  with  a  gridiron  under  his 

456 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

arm  stretches  out  his  talons,  saying,  And  Fll  have  a  general  Reform  soon 
as  I  shall  get  you  before  you  are  aware  of  it.  I've  ting' d  your  Heart  so  may 
safely  leave  you  to  go  on. 

For  the  attack  on  Howe  for  his  promotions  and  for  his  administrative 
reforms  see  No.  7126.  He  resigned  in  July  1788.  The  two  Howes  were 
associated  with  'cabbage*  in  1777,  see  No.  5399. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  93.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  26. 

Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  535. 
9iX9in.  (pi.). 


7263  THE  BATTLE  ROYAL  BETWEEN  THE  PRIG  MAJOR  AND 
BIG  BESS. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub  Feb  4  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fat  fishwife  (1.)  and  George  Hanger 
face  each  other  with  clenched  fists.  Between  the  combatants  in  the  back- 
ground are  ships  at  anchor  close  to  the  shore.  Another  fishwife  stands 
behind  Bess  holding  out  a  lemon.  Behind  Hanger  (r.)  stand  the  Prince  of 
Wales  and  Prince  William,  the  latter  in  naval  coat  and  striped  trousers. 
Between  the  Prince  and  Hanger  stands  the  Duke  of  York ;  on  the  extreme 
r.  is  a  rough-looking  sailor.  Hanger's  club  lies  at  his  feet.  Beneath  the  title 
is  etched :  Fought  at  Plymouth  to  the  Amusement  of  their  Royal  Highnesses 
the  Prince  of  Wales  Duke  of  York  &  Prince  William  Henery.  This  battle 
lasted  only  two  minutes  being  Decided  on  the  first  onset  by  a  knock  down  Blow 
from  Big  Bess  which  Entirely  Did  up  the  Prig  Major.  NB  Big  Bess  was 
carried  in  Triumph  through  the  Town  Exclaiming  I  have  done  the  Major  [a 
parody  of  Humphries's  *I  have  done  the  Jew']. 

The  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  Duke  of  York  visited  Prince  William  at 
Plymouth  (where  he  had  arrived  at  the  end  of  December,  cf.  No.  7260), 
from  8  to  12  Jan.  1788.  Pugilism  was  fashionable  owing  to  the  encounter 
between  Mendoza  and  Humphries,  9  Jan.  1788.   See  No.  7425. 

Attributed  to  Kingsbury  by  Angelo,  Reminiscences ,  1904,  i.  326. 
8|xi3f  in. 

7264  COURT  CARDS  THE  BEST  TO  DEAL  WITH. 
Plate  J  [?  J.  Baldrey.] 

Pub'^  Febv  5<*  iy88  by  S  Doughty  and  C"*  N"  ig  Holbom  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Warren  Hastings,  in  oriental  dress, 
kneels  full -face  on  one  knee  between  two  cards ;  he  holds  out  in  each  hand  a 
lozenge,  the  diamond  of  a  pack  of  cards :  that  on  his  r.  is  a  knave  with  the 
head  of  Thurlow,  that  on  his  1.  is  a  king  with  the  head  of  George  III  (cf. 
No.  6969).  Neither  card  has  an  indication  of  the  suit :  the  hand  of  each 
appears  ready  to  grasp  the  diamond  held  out  by  Hastings. 

The  King  and  Thurlow  were  in  favour  of  Hastings.  One  of  many  satires 
in  which  his  supporters  are  alleged  to  be  bribed  by  gifts  of  jewels,  see 
Nos.  6966,  6969,  &c.  For  Hastings  and  Thurlow  see  No.  7278,  &c. 
8x9!  in. 

457 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7265  ELIJAH  FED  BY  THE  RAVENS. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥for  the  Proprietor  by  J  Brown  Rathhone  Str  Feb.  ii.  iy88 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Sir  Elijah  Impey, 
wearing  judge's  wig  and  gown,  stands  in  back  view  holding  out  an  open 
book  inscribed  Self  Feeling.  Two  birds  fly  towards  him;  one  (1.),  with 
the  head  of  Arden,  Attorney-General,  says  Protection',  the  other,  with  the 
head  of  Macdonald,  Solicitor-General,  says  Comfort.  Impey  looks  towards 
them,  saying.  Shelter  me  from  the  horrid  Spectre.  On  his  r.  Nandakumar, 
wearing  a  feathered  turban,  emerges  from  clouds  holding  out  a  halter  to 
which  he  points.  Beside  him  is  an  open  book  inscribed  Nand  .  .  .  .  r's 
Trial.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  gibbet  (without  a  rope)  inscribed  Let 
desert  mount. 

On  12  Dec.  1787  Sir  Gilbert  Elliot  moved  six  charges  against  Impey, 
the  first  being  the  'deliberate  murder'  of  Nandakumar.  Impey 's  triumphant 
defence  was  made  on  4  Feb.  1788  at  the  bar  of  the  House;  on  9  May  the 
House  divided  against  the  first  charge,  and  the  impeachment  was  dropped. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  1335  ff-»  xxvii.  35  ff.,  292  ff.,  416  ff.  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life 
and  Letters  J  i.  119,  121,  1995^.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  48-51,  57-63, 
100-12.  P.  E.  Roberts  in  Camb.  Hist,  of  India,  v.  246-7.  See  No.  7285. 
6iX5iiin. 

7266  QUESTIONS  &  COMMANDS;  OR,  THE  MISTAKEN  ROAD 
TO  HE— R— F— RD;  A  SUNDAY  EVENINGS  AMUSEMENT. 

vide  J—s—s  Coll'  Camb' 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Feby  iP^  lySSy  by  H.  Humphrey.  New  Bond  Street— 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  In  a  large  room  lit  by 
candles  in  sconces,  a  round  game  is  in  progress.  The  guests  are  ladies, 
undergraduates,  and  elderly  parsons,  some  sit  in  a  circle,  while  others  look 
over  their  heads.  An  elderly  parson  grovels  on  his  hands  and  knees,  putting 
his  head  under  the  petticoats  of  a  lady  who  sits  (1.)  with  her  hands  raised 
in  surprise.  He  acts  at  the  direction  of  a  boy  (Prince  William  of  Gloucester) 
wearing  the  gown  of  ( ?)  a  fellow  commoner  over  a  coat  with  a  star,  who 
stands  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  stretching  his  r.  arm  with  an  autocratic 
gesture;  a  spaniel  licks  his  feet.  A  stout  parson  seated  behind  him  on 
the  extreme  1.  scowls  and  clenches  his  fist  at  the  scene.  The  lady  (the 
Duchess  of  Gloucester)  sits  between  a  fashionably  dressed  undergraduate 
wearing  the  gown  of  ( ?)  a  fellow  commoner,  and  a  stout  parson  who  holds 
up  his  hands  in  astonishment.  The  undergraduates  and  some  of  the  parsons 
appear  amused,  others  frown  disapprovingly.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  small 
round  table  on  which  are  two  candles  and  playing-cards. 

The  scene  is  the  Master's  Lodge,  Jesus  College;  the  grovelling  parson 
is  the  Master,  Dr.  Richard  Beadon,  seeking  preferment  on  the  death  (9  Jan. 
1788)  of  Harley,  Bishop  of  Hereford,  through  the  influence  of  the  Duchess 
of  Gloucester.  Prince  William  of  Gloucester  (i  776-1 834)  resided  for  some 
time  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  receiving  the  M.A.  degree  in  1790. 

Wright  and  Evans,  and  Grego,  identify  the  abject  parson  as  John  Butler, 
Bishop  of  Oxford,  who  was  translated  to  Hereford  in  March  1788.    But 

458 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

a  press-cutting  with  an  impression  in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum 
expresses  the  indignation  of  Dr.  Beadon's  friends  at  the  scurrility  with 
which  he  has  been  treated:  'Friends  of  the  discipline  and  welfare  of  the 
University  of  Cambridge  cannot  refrain  from  bearing  testimony  of  praise 
and  regard  to  one  who  has  so  much  distinguished  himself  on  various 
occasions/  Beadon,  'the  worthy  and  learned  Orator  of  the  University*, 
became  Bishop  of  Gloucester  in  1789.  Abbey,  The  English  Church  and  its 
BishopSy  ii.  274.    Cf.  No.  7241. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  95.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  34.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.f 
1830. 
8fxi3iin. 

7267  H— ST— GS  HO,  RARE  H— ST— GS! 

Plate  2.   [?  J.  Baldrey.]  Price  f  the  P'  Col^ 

Pu¥  Febyy  12.  lySS.for  S.  Doughty  &  Co  N°  ig  Holborn,  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7264. 
Hastings,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wheels  a  barrow  in  which  sit  George  HI  and 
Thurlow,  wearing  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown.  Hastings  wears  oriental 
dress :  a  jewelled  turban,  loose  trousers,  and  cloak.  Beneath  the  design  is 
engraved :  What  a  Man  buys  he  may  sell.  Blackstones  Commentaries.  Page 
&c  &c. 

One  of  many  allegations  against  the  King  and  Thurlow  of  taking  bribes 
from  Hastings,  whom  they  were  known  to  support.  The  title  is  the 
London  cry,  bastings  denoting  early  green  peas,  see  also  Nos.  6994,  7272, 
7626.  The  King  is  said  to  have  been  amused  at  the  print.  Huish,  Life  of 
George  III,  1821,  p.  466.   See  No.  7278,  &c. 

Another  impression  without  the  price. 
SJXioin. 

7268  THE  IMPEACHMENT  [?  1788] 

^^^[Sayers.] 

Engraving.  The  managers  of  the  impeachment  of  Hastings  advance  (1.  to 
r.),  led  by  Cornwall  the  Speaker  who,  raising  his  hat,  holds  out  a  roll, 
Articles  of  Impeachment^  to  Thurlow.  Only  the  point  of  the  Chancellor's 
hat  and  his  hands,  one  holding  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal,  are  visible  on 
the  extreme  r.  Burke,  frowning  fiercely,  is  next  Cornwall.  Immediately 
behind  him  is  Francis,  his  1.  hand  on  Burke's  shoulder,  fixing  Thurlow 
with  a  baleful  glare ;  under  his  r.  arm  is  a  large  rolled  document  inscribed 
Evidence  of  Accusation.  Next  are  Fox  and  Sheridan  facing  each  other, 
Sheridan  in  back  view.  Behind  are  Sir  James  Erskine  with  an  imbecile 
expression  (cf.  No.  7151),  and  John  Anstruther  (M.P.  for  Fifeshire 
boroughs)  whose  back  is  turned  to  Erskine.  On  the  extreme  1.  is.  Windham 
facing  Andrew  St.  John.  Behind  them,  seemingly  taller  than  the  others, 
and  wearing  a  hat,  is  Courtenay.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched :  And  after 
five  Days  the  High  Priest  descended  with  the  Elders  and  a  certain  Orator 
named  Tertullus  who  informed  the  Governor  against  Paul  And  when  he  was 
called  forth  Tertullus  began  to  accuse  him  saying  &c^ 

Acts  of  the  Apostles  Cap  XXIV, 

The  date  is  uncertain :  the  presence  of  Francis  may  indicate  that  it  was 

459 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

before  5  Dec.  1787,  when,  by  the  vote  of  the  House,  Francis  was  excluded 
from  the  Committee  named  by  Burke.  On  1 1  Dec.  Fox  urged  his  inclusion ; 
his  motion  was  defeated,  but  see  No.  7309.  The  trial  began  on  13  Feb. 
1788,  when  the  House  of  Commons  adjourned  to  Westminster  Hall.  Hist, 
of  the  Trial  of  Warren  Hastings ^  1796,  pp.  xiii-xiv,  i.  Possibly  the  print 
was  not  published.  The  persons  are  identified  by  Miss  Banks,  probably 
on  information  from  Sayers.  See  also  No.  6925,  &c. 
8fXi3f  in. 

7269  THE  GRAND  PITCH  BATTLE. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor  hy  W.  Moore  N"  48  New  Bond  Street  & 
W  Dickie  N^  193  Strand  Feby  i^^  1788. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  pugilistic  encounter  between  Hastings 
(1.)  and  Burke  (r.)  with  their  respective  seconds  and  backers.  The  figures 
have  numbers  referring  to  an  explanation  beneath  the  design.  Both  prin- 
cipals are  stripped  to  the  waist ;  a  jewelled  turban  lies  at  the  feet  of  Hast- 
ings (2),  his  wig  and  spectacles  are  beside  Burke  ( j).  Behind  Hastings  are 
his  two  counsel  in  wig  and  gown,  one  {4)  with  clenched  fists  acts  as  second, 
the  other  (6),  his  bottle  inscribed  D — / — s,  is  bottle-holder.  Behind  these 
and  on  the  extreme  1.  stand  Thurlow  (7)  holding  a  roll  inscribed  Art — ides 
[of  Impeachment]  and  Cornwall  the  Speaker  (5),  both  wearing  their  official 
dress.  Behind  Burke  is  his  second.  Fox  ( j),  and  on  the  extreme  r.  Sheridan 
(5)  holding  a  bottle  inscribed  Sherry.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved: 
Between  those  celebrated  Prize  fighters^  the  Irish  Buffer  and  the  Bengal 

Bruiser — Fought  this  day  at  West r,  on  a  commodious  stagCy  erected  for 

the  purpose  at  a  great  expence;  where^from  the  long  time  the  Combatants  have 
been  in  trainings  and  from  the  various  shif  tings  and  evasive  fallings  expected 
to  be  exercised  by  the  party  supported  hy  LaWy  and  from  the  other  finding 
Justice  in  the  Wit,  Cunning,  and  scientific  Skill  of  his  Bottle  holder  and 
Second,  &  it  being  agreed  that  should  neither  side  obtain  a  master  blow  before 
the  evening  the  battle  to  be  drawn  till,  and  resumed  in  the  morning  the  Amateurs 
of  the  Art  are  in  high  expectation  of  its  being  the  longest  &  sharpest  contest 
hitherto  known,  and  doubt  not  the  number  of  rounds  they  will  be  able  to  stand 
to  zvill  afford  several  days  excellent  sport — especially  as  all  the  great  fighting- 
men,  from  Big  Ben  to  Little  Mendoza,  will  be  present,  &  bye  Battles 
allowed — the  odds  at  one  time  6  to  4  in  favor  of  the  Bruiser — then  4  to  I  on 
Buffer — at  present  the  Betting  even — some  say  the  Bruiser  will  be  quite  done 
over — others  declare,  from  the  Judgement  he  has  shown  in  chusing  Law  for 
his  Second,  he* II  appear  as  clear  as  a  white  sheet  of  paper — but  the  knowing 
Ones  think  at  the  end  of  the  contest  he'll  give  in  with  trifling  Damage. 


Pnnctpals[^  ^,  jj Seconds    [^  j^r  l_ 


Bottle-      15  Mrs ^      .        I7L C 

Holders     \6  M' D fJrnpires    [g  j^^^  ^ 

Hastings's  trial  began  on  13  Feb.  1788  and  ended  23  Apr.  1795  after 
148  sittings.  His  counsel  were  Edward  Law  (afterwards  Lord  Ellen- 
borough),  Plumer  (afterwards  Master  of  the  Rolls),  and  Dallas  (afterwards 
C.J.  of  the  Common  Pleas).   Trial  of  Warren  Hastings,  1796 ;  Camb.  Hist. 

460 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

of  IndiUy  V.  309-12.  An  engraving  of  the  trial  by  R.  Pollard  and  F.  Jukes 
after  E.  Dayes  was  published  3  Jan.  1789.  For  the  trial  see  Nos.  7270, 
7271,  7272,  7273,  7276,  &c.,  7278,  &c.,  7297,  7302,  7304,  7305,  7307,  7308, 
7309.  7310,  7312,  7313,  7314,  7319,  7320,  7321,  7326,  7327,  p.  499,  7331, 
7529.    See  also  No.  6925,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  7139. 

The  print  imitates  an  engraving  of  Humphries  and  Mendoza  fighting 
at  Odiham  9  Jan.   1788  (see  No.  7425),  Hastings  taking  the  place  of 
Mendoza,  Burke  that  of  Humphries. 
6|xi3iin. 

7270  SUBLIME  ORATORY ^A  DISPLAY  OF  IT.    [?  Feb.  1788] 

[Ramberg.] 

Engraving.  Warren  Hastings  (1.)  stands  looking  round  with  contemptuous 
anger  at  Burke  and  Fox  (r.)  who  are  flinging  mud  at  him.  Burke,  wearing 
a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026)  and  a  long  gown,  stands  with  wide-stretched 
arms,  mud  in  both  hands ;  a  prancing  and  grinning  satyr  clings  to  his  r.  arm 
and  looks  round  mockingly  at  Hastings.  Fox,  straddling  across  a  puddle, 
stoops  to  collect  mud  in  both  hands,  looking  at  Hastings.  Behind  him  a 
little  ragged  chimney-sweep  shouts  and  capers,  holding  his  brush  in  one 
hand,  mud  in  the  other.  Behind  the  assailants  a  corner  of  Westminster 
Hall  is  freely  sketched.  Hastings  wears  oriental  draperies,  with  a  feathered 
and  jewelled  turban,  and  a  long  cloak,  his  r.  hand  is  clenched,  his  1.  grasps 
his  sheathed  sabre.  On  the  extreme  1.  are  two  lawyers ;  one,  with  a  cunning 
leer,  takes  (unnoticed)  a  purse  from  Hastings's  draperies. 

The  date  is  probably  early  in  the  trial.   Burke  opened  the  first  charge 
and  was  followed  by  Fox.  The  lawyers  are  probably  two  of  Hastings's  three 
counsel.  Law  and  Plumer  or  Dallas.   See  No.  7269,  &c.   Similar  in  spirit 
to  No.  6955. 
8/gXi2|in. 

7271  "THERE'S  MORE  WAYS  THAN  ONE.'* 

vide  Coalition  Expedients, 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Febv  18^^  iy88  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street, 

Engraving.  A  fox  (Fox)  climbs  up  a  signpost  from  which  hangs  the  sign 
of  the  Crown.  The  gibbet-shaped  post  is  wreathed  with  a  vine  with  large 
bunches  of  grapes.  Fox  seizes  a  branch  and  gapes  greedily  for  a  bunch  just 
within  his  reach.  His  1.  leg  is  supported  on  a  pile  of  papers,  one  bundle  of 
which  is  inscribed  Libels.  The  topmost  paper  is  an  open  book :  Review  of 
the  Charges  against  Warren  Hasting[s]  Publishd  by  Stockdale.  In  the  door- 
way of  the  Crown  Inn  (r.)  stands  Pitt,  grotesquely  thin  except  for  his  head ; 
he  wears  an  apron  over  the  legs  of  a  skeleton.  Alarmed  at  the  fox,  he  drops 
a  tankard  of  beer  on  which  is  a  crown.  Behind  him  appears  Thurlow,  in 
Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  with  an  expression  of  gloomy  apprehension. 
On  14  Feb.  1787  Fox  denounced  the  pamphlet.  Review  of  the  Charges . . . 
[ut  supra]  as  *a  gross  and  scandalous  libel'  on  the  Committee  for  prosecuting 
Hastings,  on  Parliament,  and  on  the  King.  Pitt  agreed  that  extracts  read 
by  Fox  were  libellous  (though  not  on  the  King).  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  i  flF. 

461 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

(The  pamphlet  is  B.M.L.,  E.  2157/2.)  Fox  is  greedy  for  the  fruits  of  office 
as  in  Nos.  5962,  6204,  &c.    For  the  Coalition  see  No.  6361,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  95.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  27.  Reprinted,  G.  W.G., 
1830. 
8JX9in. 

7272  [THE  GOVERNOR  OF  RUE— PEAS] 
JiB[?Baldrey.] 

[Feb.  20  iy88  E  Rich  55  Fleet  Str,] 

Engraving.  A  proof  on  v^^hich  inscriptions  have  been  added  by  E.  Hawkins. 
Thurlow  (1.),  in  wig  and  gown,  leads  a  horse  which  draws  a  two-wheeled 
cart  of  peas;  he  says,  'Fine  Begum  Hastings  a  Lack  [lakh]  a  Peck*.  In  the 
cart  are  Hastings  (seated),  saying,  'Truth  must  come  out!  there's  no  denial*, 
and  Burke  (standing),  saying,  'You'll  have  a  Fair  &  Noble  Trial'.  Both 
hold  up  pea-pods.  In  the  background  are  Westminster  Hall  and  other 
buildings.  Beneath  the  design  is  written : 

He  who  acts  upright  in  his  station 

Dreads  not  the  censure  of  the  nation 

For  Truth  o'er  all  will  yet  prevail 

While  Justice  holds  her  equal  scale 

Be  candid  then,  to  every  Party 

And  prove  your  mind  is  true  &  hearty 

Time  will  determine  which  is  right 

And  banish  envy  malice.  Spite. 

For  the  pun  on  Hastings  (peas)  cf.  No.  7267,  belonging  to  the  same 
series.    For  Hastings  and  Thurlow  see  No.  7278,  &c.    For  the  trial  see 
No.  7269,  &c. 
6JX9|in. 

7273  THE  RAREE  SHOW 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor,  by  W  Moore  N"  48  New  Bond  Street  & 
W  Dickie  N°  igs  Strand  Feby  25^*  1788 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  trial  of  Hastings 
in  Westminster  Hall  is  travestied  as  a  raree  show  in  a  booth.  On  the 
ground  spectators  fight  for  access  to  the  booth;  on  a  gallery  above  their 
heads  Burke,  Sheridan,  and  Fox  as  clowns  and  zanies  proclaim  the  attrac- 
tions of  the  show;  above  their  heads  hang  large  pictorial  placards  on 
rollers,  illustrating  the  shows  to  be  seen  within.  The  crowd  struggling  to 
enter  the  door  (1.)  of  the  booth  is  composed  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  among 
whom  is  a  peer  in  his  robes;  they  are  being  controlled  by  Foot  Guards 
with  muskets.  In  the  foreground  George  III,  wearing  a  porter's  knot, 
carries  on  his  shoulders  Thurlow  in  his  hat  and  wig  but  with  the  body  of 
a  bear  or  demon  with  a  barbed  tail  inscribed  Defence.  Thurlow  says  Make 
room  for  Precedence.  On  the  King's  Garter  ribbon  hangs  a  jewel  inscribed 
Bulse  (see  No.  6966,  &c.).  The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  beside  them  clench- 
ing his  fists.  A  soldier  bars  the  way  to  a  would-be  spectator  on  the  extreme 
r.  Below  the  gallery  are  bills  posted  on  the  booth  (1.  to  r.) :  [i]  A  new  Song 
to  the  Tune  of  Tantatarara,  Rogues  all;  [2]  a  bill  headed  with  a  pair  of 

462 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

spectacles  is  inscribed :  From  the  left  side  of  the  booth  may  he  seen  Alexander 
the  Little  [?  George  III];  [3]  one  headed  by  an  opera-glass  is,  From  the 
right  may  be  seen  Alexander  the  Great  [Hastings,  cf.  No.  7275] ;  [4]  Com- 
parison between  Alexander  the  Great  and  the  Dey  of  Algiers  a  Farce ;  [5]  To 
be  seen  here  the  Characters  of  Tamerlane  and  Bajazet ;  [6]  Impeachment  with  a 
grand  Procession ;  [7]  A  Tragi-comi-Exhibition  called  the  Nabob  in  Purgatory ; 
[8]  A  very  curious  black  Bear  [Thurlow]. 

The  three  showmen  are  (1.)  Burke,  in  oriental  dress  but  wearing  a 
Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026)  and  a  clown's  ruff;  he  blows  a  trumpet  as 
in  Carlo  Khan^s  triumphal  Entry  .  .  .  (No.  6276),  with  a  banner  inscribed 
Sublimity.  Next  is  Sheridan,  dressed  as  a  clown,  beating  on  a  salt-box 
inscribed  ^«/c  (cf.  No.  6384).  On  the  r.  is  Fox  as  Punch,  larger  than  the 
other  two ;  his  hat  is  inscribed  Wisdom,  his  body  Argument,  and  his  hump 
Knoledge. 

Above  their  heads  the  three  placards  are:  [i]  The  Prodigious  Monster 
arrived  from  the  East ;  Hastings  holds  in  his  arms  an  Indian  woman  whom 
he  is  devouring.  He  tramples  on  the  prostrate  bodies  of  women  and 
children  (cf.  No.  7278).  In  the  background  a  naked  Black  Secretary  with 
horns  drives  with  a  whip  an  ox  with  drums  on  its  back.  Two  Indians 
appear  to  be  in  flight.  [3]  The  Oratorical  Tragedy,  or  the  Power  of  the 
pathetic  over  the  beautiful  [an  allusion  to  Burke's  book]. 

" he  would  drown  the  stage  with  tears'^ 

**and  cleave  the  general  ear  with  horrid  Speech^*, 

Hamlet. 

Burke  (r.),  standing  in  water  produced  by  the  tears  of  his  audience, 
harangues  seven  ladies  and  a  man,  all  with  water  spouting  from  their  eyes. 
The  man  holds  a  smelling-bottle  to  the  nose  of  a  fainting  lady.  All  are  up 
to  the  neck  in  a  sea  of  tears.  [4]  Dancing  on  the  Tight-Rope,  Hastings 
dangles  from  a  gibbet. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  Executed  for  the  Benefit  of  M^  Somebody  at 
the  Expence  of  John  Bull  (cf.  No.  7326). 

For  Hastings's  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c.  Sir  G.  Elliot  writes  of  the  sitting 
of  18  Feb. :  'Burke  has  exceeded  his  former  excesses  to-day,  and  in  one  of 
his  excesses  he  did  not,  I  believe,  leave  a  dry  eye  in  the  whole  assembly.' 
Life  and  Letters,  i.  195.  See  also  Mme  D'Arblay,  Diary,  1905,  iii.  408  ff.  For 
Hastings  and  Thurlow  see  No.  7278,  &c.  The  King  never  attended  the  trial. 
i2f  X9f  in. 

7274  THE  WISE  MAN  OF  THE  EAST  MAKING  HIS  OFFERING. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥for  the  Proprietor  by  W.  Moore  N^  48  New  Bond  Street.  Febv  28^^ 
1788 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Hastings  (1.),  in  oriental  dress,  wearing 
a  jewelled  turban,  kneels  on  one  knee  before  George  III  holding  out  to 
him  a  box  of  jewels  and  a  receptacle  brimming  over  with  guineas.  The 
King,  partly  concealed  by  the  r.  margin  of  the  design,  takes  the  offerings, 
saying.  Rise  my  Chief,  bright  as  the  eastern  Star. 

One  of  many  allegations  that  the  King  had  been  bribed  by  Hastings, 
particularly  by  the  gift  of  the  bulse  of  diamonds,  see  No.  6966,  &c.  Similar 
in  character  to  No.  7275. 
Six 3 J  in. 

463 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7275  ALEXANDER    THE    GREAT    CONQUERING    ALL    THE 
WORLD 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥for  the  Proprietor  by  W  Moore,  iY«  48.  New  Bond  Street  Febv  28^^ 
iy88 

Engraving.  Thurlow  (1.)  represents  the  world;  his  stomach  protrudes  in 
the  form  of  a  globe.  He  faces  Hastings,  who  pours  into  an  aperture  in  the 
globe  guineas  from  the  end  of  his  turban  which  expands  into  a  cornucopia. 
Thurlow,  his  hands  raised  deprecatingly,  says  Lack  [lakh]  a  day  how  you 
distress  me.  His  hat  is  inscribed  Spain,  his  wig  Tartar^,  his  shoulder  C.  of 
Good  Hope,  his  arm  Moorish  State,  his  sleeve-ruffle  France,  his  hands  Alg 
and  iers,  his  robe  Africa  and  Chu[rc]h  and  State,  his  globe-waistcoat: 
Pacific  O.,  Great  Britain,  Europe,  Torrid  Zone-,  his  legs,  Bengal,  Ireland', 
his  shoes  As-ia.  Hastings  wears  a  large  feathered  turban  wreathed  with 
jewels,  and  a  long  cloak  over  his  oriental  dress.  His  belt  is  inscribed 
Virtues,  through  it  are  thrust  an  axe,  a  halter,  and  two  ( ?)  clubs. 

For  Hastings  and  Thurlow  see  No.  7278,  &c.  For  Hastings  as  Alexander 
the  Great  cf.  No.  7273.  An  allusion  is  perhaps  intended  to  The  World  as 
a  ministerial  paper,  cf.  No.  7369. 
5iX3iin. 

7276  FOR  THE  TRIAL  OF  WARREN  HA[STINGS] 
SEVENTH  DAY  [Feb.  1788] 

J5/[Sayers.] 

Engraving.  Parodied  by,  or  a  parody  of,  No.  7277.  A  design  based  on  the 
tickets  of  admission  to  Westminster  Hall,  which  bore  the  name  and  arms 
of  Sir  Peter  Burrell,  Deputy  Great  Chamberlain;^  in  the  centre  of  the 
escutcheon  were  the  arms  of  his  wife :  three  battering-rams  placed  horizon- 
tally. The  crest  was  an  embowed  arm  holding  an  olive-branch.  In  place 
of  the  rams'  heads  of  the  battering-rams  are  the  heads,  in  profile  to  the  1., 
of  Burke,  frowning,  of  Fox,  smiling,  and  of  Francis  with  a  fixed  stare.  The 
arm  of  the  crest  holds  a  scourge  whose  lashes  terminate  in  scorpions  and  is 
inscribed  Lex  Parliamenti  omnipotens.  Beneath  the  escutcheon  is  a  motto 
on  a  scroll:  Sub  libertate  Tyran  [sic]  which  replaces  the  original  motto: 
Sub  Libertate  Quietem,  Two  supporters  have  been  added :  Dexter,  a  weep- 
ing judge,  his  cap  inscribed  Common  Law,  holds  a  scroll  whose  words  are 
scored  through :  [Magna]  Charta  Judicium  Parium  aut  Lex  Terrae.  Sinister, 
Justice,  looking  up  in  terror  at  the  scourge  by  which  she  is  threatened,  and 
dropping  her  scales. 

Beneath  the  escutcheon  is  a  view  in  miniature  of  Westminster  Hall 
showing  clearly  the  Managers'  box  (1.),  in  which  Fox  stands,  violently 
declaiming;  Burke  sits  next  him  frowning.  A  document  inscribed  First 
Article  hangs  over  the  side  of  the  box.  The  head  of  Hastings,  a  good  profile 
portrait,  is  turned  towards  Fox;  on  the  r.  are  his  three  counsel  in  back 
view.  Behind  them  are  the  heads  of  the  peers,  wearing  hats,  and  on  each 
side  the  Commons  (1.)  and  the  ladies  (r.)  in  the  peeresses*  seats.  At  the  far 
end  of  the  hall  the  throne  with  the  Queen's  box  and  the  Prince  of  Wales's 
box  are  freely  sketched.  The  foreground  is  decorated  by  branches  of  leaves 

*  In  right  of  his  wife,  Lady  Priscilla  Bertie,  who  with  her  sister  was  jointly- 
hereditary  Great  Chamberlain  of  England. 

464 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

( ?  olive)  and  an  open  book  inscribed  From  Envy  Hatred  &  Malice  and  all 
Uncharitahleness  Good  Lord  deliver  us. 

On  22  Feb.,  the  seventh  day  of  the  trial,  the  peers  decided,  in  agreement 
with  Thurlow's  speech,  that  the  rules  of  the  Courts  of  Justice  in  regard 
to  the  hearing  of  evidence  should  be  followed,  in  place  of  the  practice  ad- 
opted in  the  impeachments  of  Strafford  and  others,  the  Lex  Parliamenti,  for 
which  Fox  argued.  Wraxall,  Memoirs y  v.  69  ff. ;  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters , 
i.  195-6 ;  Trial ofHastingSy  pp.  10  ff.  See  Nos.  7277, 7278, 7289, 7297, 7305. 

Placed  by  Miss  Banks  among  unpublished  prints. 

6fX4iin. 

7277  IMPEACHMENT  TICKET. 

FOR  THE  TRIAL  OF  W~RR— N  H— ST— NGS  ESQR 

[c.  Feb.  1788] 
J,S.  ft  [Gilhiiy.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  parody  of,  or 
parodied  by.  No.  7276.  The  three  battering-rams  of  the  escutcheon  are 
reversed  and  terminate  in  the  heads  of  Burke,  Fox,  and  Francis  with  rams* 
horns,  but  the  necks  of  Burke  and  Francis  are  much  reduced  in  width. 
The  arm  of  the  crest  holds  a  bludgeon.  The  supporters  are:  dexter,  a 
kneeling  Indian  wearing  a  loin-cloth,  who  clasps  his  hands  with  an  express- 
ion of  terrified  anxiety.  Sinister,  Thurlow  seated  on  the  pan  of  a  close- 
stool,  his  hands  clasped  and  glaring  fiercely,  but  with  tears  falling  down 
his  cheek.  On  the  scroll  is  the  motto  Sub  Libertate  Tyranni  (as  in  No. 
7276).  Beneath  the  coat  of  arms  is  a  burlesqued  view  of  Westminster  Hall : 
Hastings  kneels  on  the  ground  before  Thurlow,  whose  seat  is  raised  above 
three  ( ?)  clerks.  There  are  no  boxes,  but  Fox  (1.)  stands  declaiming,  Burke 
and  ( ?)  Sheridan  sit  on  a  bench  beside  him  on  the  extreme  1.  Hastings's 
three  counsel.  Law,  Plumer,  and  Dallas,  sit  on  a  corresponding  bench  on 
the  r.  Tiers  of  faces  are  indicated  as  a  background.  In  a  scroll  on  the  1. 
are  the  words  From  Bribery  &  Corruption  Good  Lord  deliver  us.  A  corre- 
sponding scroll  (r.)  is  inscribed  From  Envy  &  Malice!!!  Good  Lord,  deliver  us. 
For  Thurlow's  supposed  protection  of  Hastings  see  No.  7278,  &c. ;  for 
the  trial.  No.  7269,  &c.  For  the  signature  cf.  No.  7146. 
7iX5iin. 

7278  BLOOD  ON  THUNDER  FORDING  THE  RED  SEA. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub^  March  r*  iy88.  by  S  W.  Fores,  N'>  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Thurlow,  in  his  Chan- 
cellor's wig  and  gown,  wades  waist-deep  in  the  sea,  advancing  towards  the 
spectator.  On  his  shoulders  sits  Hastings,  in  oriental  dress,  holding  in 
each  arm  a  large  money-bag  inscribed  £4.000.000.  Thurlow  scowls; 
Hastings  has  a  serene  and  contented  expression.  In  the  water  (a  sea  of 
blood)  are  the  mutilated  corpses  of  Indians :  three  heads  tied  together  by 
the  hair  float  in  the  water;  a  man  floats  with  a  rope  round  his  neck;  there 
are  also  a  scourge  and  birch-rod. 

Thurlow  was  an  open  opponent  of  the  impeachment  of  Hastings,  but 
during  the  trial  he  *by  the  consent  of  all  contemporaries  nobly  sustained 
the  dignity  of  British  justice'.  D.N.B.   See  No.  7276,  &c.   For  Hastings 

465  Hh 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  Thurlow  see  also  Nos.  7264,  7267,  7272,  7273,  7275,  7276,  &c.,  7286, 
7288,  7295,  7297,  7299, 7301, 7305, 7308, 7310, 7312, 7319, 7327.  Contrast 
with  this  print  No.  6955,  also  by  Gillray. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  95.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  30. 
8jxi3jin. 

7279  SUCH  THINGS  MAY  BE.  A  TALE  FOR  FUTURE  TIMES. 
[?  J.  Baldrey.]  Price  2*  6^  Plain  or  Coloured. 
Pu¥  March  y  i.  iy88.  for  J.  Doughty  <Sf  Co  N"  ig  Holborn  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Hastings  stands  in  a 
two-wheeled  cart  under  a  gibbet.  Fox  places  the  rope  round  his  neck; 
Burke  also  stands  in  the  cart  dressed  as  a  parson,  in  a  long  gown  and  bands, 
holding  an  open  book.  Sheridan  (r.)  pushes  the  cart  from  behind,  looking 
at  North  (1.)  who  holds  the  horse's  head.  Large  scrolls  issue  from  the 
mouths  of  all  five  and  are  an  important  part  of  the  design :  Hastings  says, 
Walpole  said  every  Man  had  his  Price  but  Alassf  I  never  could  find  out  any 
of  your  Prices.  Burke  says  A  Poor  Atonement  this  for  Millions  &c.  Fox 
says  A  Poor  Atonement  do  you  call  it  Ned!   Egad  it  would  have  been  a 

devil  of  a  Job  for  me^  if  my  F r  had  made  such  an  atonement  for 

Unaccounted  Millions.  (Lord  Holland  was  called  in  a  City  Address  to  the 
King  'the  public  defaulter  of  unaccounted  miUions',  see  No.  4842,  &c.) 

North  says,  Dont  you  remember  Sheri that  my  now  R^  Hon^^^  Friend 

often  threatened  to  bring  me  to  this  or  the  Block.  (Cf.  No.  7138.)  Sheridan 
answers,  Psha  Fred — you  know  that  was  only  to  frighten  you  from  your  Station 
— &c — but  drive  o«,  or  our  friend  Edmund  mil  stand  preaching  here  all  day. 
An  attack  on  Hastings  is  combined  with  one  on  Fox  and  the  Coalition. 
Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7264.  For  the  title  cf.  No.  725 1 . 
9JX12  in. 

7280  THE  VIPER,  A  PROOF 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Hypocricy  Executed  by  Ingratitude. 

Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor,  by  M'  Moore,  N°  48  New  Bond  Street  March, 
&^iy88. 

Engraving.  A  colossal  woman  inscribed  Lady  Leadenhall  sits  on  a  rectangu- 
lar pedestal  inscribed  India  Comy.  A  serpent  with  the  head  of  Pitt  pierces 
her  breast  with  a  barbed  fang,  its  body  is  inscribed  Declaratory  Bill.  She 
holds  up  her  1.  hand,  exclaiming.  Is  this  the  Return  for  having  fostered  you 
into  Power!  On  the  1.  is  part  of  the  fa9ade  of  the  East  India  House.  A  file 
of  soldiers  fires  point-blank  at  one  of  the  windows ;  their  banner  is  inscribed 
Controul.  They  are  the  7'*  System.  Their  officer.  Lord  Controul  (Dundas), 
stands  in  Highland  dress  with  a  drawn  sabre,  he  gapes  upwards  to  receive 
in  his  mouth  the  excrement  which  is  being  discharged  from  the  posteriors 
of  three  men  seated  in  three  windows  of  the  House.  From  two  other 
windows  the  head  of  an  ass  looks  out.  Above  the  roof  the  head  of  Fox, 
irradiated  like  the  sun,  and  inscribed  Candor,  smiles  down  at  *  Lady  Leaden- 
hall*. Various  emblems  lie  in  the  foreground  (1.  to  r.) :  a  cannon  inscribed 
Increasing  Patronage,  on  it  are  a  crown,  a  thistle,  and  the  number  ^y; 
beside  it  are  cannon-balls  inscribed  Scots  Pills  and  a  paper  inscribed  Four 
Regiments  Job.   Round  the  pedestal  of  the  India  Company  are  a  broken 

466 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1788 

anchor,  a  bale,  and  a  shield  broken  in  half  on  which  the  words  Charte\  red 
Rights  have  been  scored  through. 

An  attack  on  Pitt's  Declaratory  Bill  on  the  powers  of  the  Board  of  Con- 
trol (see  No.  7152)  which  led  to  a  dispute  with  the  East  India  Company, 
skilfully  exploited  by  the  Opposition  and  aggravated  by  the  unpopularity 
of  Dundas.  The  Company  having  denied  the  right  of  the  Board  of  Control 
to  send  troops  to  India  at  the  Company's  expense  (four  regiments  having 
been  ordered  there),  the  Bill  declared  that  this  right  was  given  the  Board 
by  the  India  Act  of  1784.  Sheridan  on  5  March  1788  called  the  measure 
of  the  Board  of  Control  'Scots  pills  for  all  sorts  of  oriental  disorders'. 
Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  iii.  The  fall  of  the  Government  over  the  Bill  was 
anticipated  by  many.  See  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  65-151,  177-263;  Wraxall, 
Memoirs^  v.  71-85 ;  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III ^  i.  361-5 ; 
Cornwallis  Correspondence y  i.  349-50,  354-6;  Twiss,  Life  of  Lord  Eldon,  i. 
179-85.  See  Nos.  7281,  7282,  7283,  7284,  7305,  7311,  7480,  7494,  7496. 
9x7!  in. 

7281  DUN-SHAW, 
J  Sft  [Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  f^  iy88,  by  S.  W.  Fores  N.  3  Piccadilly 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Dundas  as  a  colossus 
(a  shah  or  bashaw  of  the  Indies)  straddles  across  the  ocean,  one  foot  on  the 
roof  of  the  India  House  (1.),  the  other  on  a  piece  of  land  on  the  extreme  r. 
representing  Bengal.  In  the  sea  below  his  outstretched  legs  are  several 
ships  in  full  sail  making  for  Bengal ;  the  nearest  is  inscribed  troops.  Dundas 
wears  a  turban  and  crown,  a  cloak  and  oriental  tunic  with  a  kilt,  bare  knees 

and  tartan  stockings.    His  turban  is  inscribed  Charged  M^  F with  a 

design  to  shift  the  Crown  from  the  Monarches  to  his  own  head.  Af  D  speech. 
His  arms  are  extended  above  his  head  pointing  to,  and  nearly  grasping, 
a  sun  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design  and  to  a  crescent  moon  in  the 
upper  r.  comer.  Both  have  faces  which  look  down  with  dismayed  surprise 
at  Dundas,  who  looks  towards  the  sun.  Beneath  the  title  is  inscribed : 

"Ow^  Foot  in  Leadenhall  Street ^  &  the  other  in  the  Province  of  Bengal.'* 
Vide  M'  D s  Speech. 

Dundas  had  attacked  Fox's  India  Bill  in  1783  for  creating  *an  immensity 
of  patronage  . . .  which  would  follow  .  . .  [Fox]  to  private  life'.  Pari.  Hist. 
xxiii.  1402.  His  own  exercise  of  Indian  patronage  was  notorious  and  very 
unpopular,  see  No.  7153.  He  had  quarrelled  with  the  East  India  Company 
over  the  dispatching  of  four  regiments  of  troops  in  the  Company's  ships. 
Dundas  to  Cornwallis,  6  and  26  March,  Cornwallis  Correspondence^  i.  349- 
50,  354-6.  See  No.  7280,  &c.  For  the  signature  cf.  No.  7147. 
i5fXioJin. 

7282  AUSPICIUM  MELIORIS  AEVI. 
[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  Mar^  ly  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt,  very  drunk,  leans  against  the  wall 
of  a  room,  his  r.  arm  rests  on  a  map  inscribed  Gold  Coast  Bengal;  he  points 
to  the  former  name,  saying,  de  Claret — Claret — Claret — Tory — tory — tory. 

467 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

His  chair  (r.)  has  been  overturned,  under  his  feet  are  papers  inscribed 
List  of  India  Directors ;  in  his  1.  hand  is  the  de-Claretory  Bill.  On  a  table  (1.) 
are  wine-glasses  and  a  decanter  of  Claret^  empty  bottles  lie  on  the  ground. 
In  the  debate  of  5  March  1787  on  the  Declaratory  Bill,  see  No.  7280,  &c., 
Pitt,  instead  of  answering  Fox,  said  that  he  was  *so  much  oppressed  by 
indisposition'  that  he  would  postpone  his  reply.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  115. 
The  indisposition  was  the  result  of  having  drunk  deeply  at  a  ball  given 
by  the  Duchess  of  Gordon  on  the  previous  night:  'no  Minister  ever  cut 
a  more  pitiable  figure.'  Bulkely  to  Buckingham;  Buckingham,  Courts  and 
Cabinets  of  George  III,  i.  361.  The  allegation  that  Pitt's  Indian  policy  was 
influenced  by  bribery  derives  from  the  accusations  against  Warren  Hast- 
ings, cf.  No.  7139,  &c. 
8|x6f  in. 

7283  OPPOSITIONS  ATTEMPT  TO  RAISE  THE  DEAD 
^^^/[Sayers.] 

Pub  by  T  Cornell  ly*^  March  iy88 

Engraving.    Fox,  Sheridan,  and  Powys  are  engaged  in  opening  a  large 

rectangular  tomb  inscribed  [H]ere  lie  [t]he  Remains  [of]  Af  F s  India 

Bill.  On  the  front  of  the  tomb  are  two  winged  heads  of  cherubs  and  a 
scroll  inscribed  India  Bill.  Fox  (1.),  facing  the  inscribed  end  of  the  tomb, 
lifts  the  covering  slab  with  both  hands ;  the  head  of  a  skeleton  looks  out, 
holding  out  a  crown  in  one  hand,  the  other  grasps  the  edge  of  the  tomb 
and  a  cere-cloth  inscribed  Patronage.  Sheridan  (r.)  stands  in  back  view 
blowing  a  trumpet  from  which  issues  a  scroll  inscribed  it  was  opposed  by 
a  sencless  Yell;  on  the  banner  of  the  trumpet  are  the  words  Compare  the 
two.  Powys  stands  behind  the  tomb,  leaning  forward  and  blowing  a  trum- 
pet, from  which  issues  a  scroll  inscribed  a  bold  Measure  characteristic  of  the 
Movers  Mind.  On  the  extreme  1.,  above  Fox,  is  a  bell  inscribed  Vox 
Populiy  tilted  at  an  angle  which  shows  that  it  is  ringing;  from  it  issues  a  long 
scroll  which  falls  into  the  tomb,  inscribed:  Lie  still  if  your e  wise  youll  be 
d  if  you  rise.   In  the  foreground  are  skulls  and  bones. 

A  satire  on  the  attempt  of  the  Opposition  to  maintain  that  Fox's  India 
Bill  had  been  misrepresented  and  was  vindicated  by  the  Declaratory  Bill, 
which,  they  said,  showed  that  Pitt's  India  Bill  deserved  the  imputations 
which  had  falsely  been  cast  on  that  of  Fox.  Sheridan  called  'the  clamour 
occasioned  by  the  gross  misrepresentations  of  M'"  Fox's  Bill,  a  senseless 
yeir.  (12  March,  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  188.)  Powys  denounced  Pitt's  India 
Bill  as  'now  appearing  to  be  founded  on  fraud  and  duplicity  . .  .'  (5  March, 
ibid.,  p.  109).  See  Wraxall,  MemoirSy  1884,  v.  83.  For  the  Declaratory 
Bill  see  No.  7280,  &c. 
7fx6iin. 

7284  EAST  INDIA  STOCKS. 

[Dent.] 

Pub'^  for  the  Proprietor ^  by  W.  Moore  N""  48  New  Bond  Street  & 
W.  Dickie,  Strand.  March  ly*^  iy88 

Engraving.  A  man  personifying  the  East  India  Company  sits  full-face,  his 
legs  confined  in  stocks  inscribed  Con — troul.   The  stocks  are  fastened  by 

468 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

a  large  padlock  inscribed  Security.  He  clutches  the  upright  post  of  the 
stocks  which  is  inscribed  Proprietary  and  supports  a  ragged  cap  of  Liberty. 
On  the  post  hang  two  smaller  padlocks  inscribed  India  Bonds.  His  two 
coat-pockets  have  been  turned  inside  out  and  are  inscribed  Con—fidence. 
He  grimaces  with  alarm  as  Pitt  approaches  from  the  r.  and  draws  from  his 
person  a  substance  inscribed  Dividend.  Behind  Pitt  (r.)  is  Dundas,  in 
Highland  dress,  holding  open  a  large  sack,  decorated  with  a  thistle  across 
which  is  the  word  Annuities^  and  inscribed  In — dian  Budget ;  it  is  labelled 
Dictator's  Wallet.  Both  Pitt  and  Dundas  have  masks ;  Pitt  holds  his  before 
his  face,  that  of  Dundas  is  firmly  tied  on.  The  word  Cha — rters  begins  on 
Pitt's  mask  and  ends  on  that  of  Dundas. 

An  attack  on  the  Board  of  Control  (see  No.  7152)  and  on  the  East  Indian 
policy  embodied  in  the  Declaratory  Act,  see  No.  7280,  &c. 
6|Xiof  in. 

7285  THE  STRUGGLE,  FOR  A  BENGAL  BUTCHER  AND  AN 
IMP— PIE. 

[?  Baldrey.] 

Pu¥  March  18.  iy88  for  J.  Doughty  &'  O  at  N'>  19  Holborn. 
London. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Hastings  stands  hold- 
ing one  end  of  a  large  pie  in  his  1.  hand ;  in  his  r.  he  raises  a  knife  to  cut 
the  pie.  On  the  1.  are  Managers  of  his  impeachment ;  on  the  r.  are  Thurlow 
and  the  Devil :  both  drag  at  Hastings  and  at  the  pie,  but  the  latter  party 
appear  to  be  gaining.  Small  demons  or  imps  emerge  from  the  pie  which 
personifies  Impey.  Burke  clutches  Hastings's  coat  and  r.  arm;  a  scroll 
issuing  from  his  mouth  extends  above  his  assistants  and  is  inscribed  For 
the  sake  of  Injured  Millions ^  I  and  my  worthy  Friefids  and  Colleagues  demand 
these  Wretches  as  Victims  to  Publick  Justice.  Fox  clutches  Burke,  another 
man  ( ?  Sheridan)  clutches  Fox,  his  arm  being  linked  in  that  of  the  man 
( ?  Windham)  on  the  extreme  1.  A  fifth  man  in  back  view  clutches  with 
both  hands  at  the  pie;  a  paper  protrudes  from  his  pocket  inscribed  S^ 
Elijah's  Impeachment y  showing  that  he  is  Sir  Gilbert  Elliot  who  was 
entrusted  with  the  case  against  Impey.  Thurlow  drags  at  Hastings's  1.  arm 
and  clutches  two  large  money-bags ;  a  scroll  issues  from  his  mouth,  forming 
a  pendant  to  that  of  Burke :  And— for  the  sake  of  Consigned  Millions y  I — unth 
the  assistance  of  my  old  Friend  and  Colleague  here  am  resolved  to  protect  these 
worthy  Gentlemen.  He  wears  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown ;  one  hairy  leg 
terminates  in  a  cloven  hoof.  The  Devil  clutches  Hastings's  wrist  and  the 
pie;  he  is  a  ferocious  muscular  creature  with  webbed  wings  and  scaly 
barbed  tail.  Hastings  as  usual  wears  oriental  dress  with  a  jewelled  turban. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  impeachment  of  Hastings  and  on  his  supposed 
protection  by  Thurlow,  see  No.  7278,  &c.  For  Impey  see  Nos.  7265,  7316, 
8277. 
7iXiif  in. 

WIFE  &  NO  WIFE OR A  TRIP  TO  THE  CONTINENT 

27  March  1788 

A  reissue  of  No.  6932,  the  final  6  of  the  date  having  been  altered,  and 
Holland's  address  altered  to  50  Oxford  Str*. 

469 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7286  A  DISH  OF  MUTTON-CHOP'S. 
J5./^.  [Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  28^^  iy88  by  S.  W.  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt,  Hastings,  and  Thurlow  sit  at  a 
circular  dinner-table  on  which  is  the  King's  head  in  a  large  dish.  The  dish 
is  ornamented  with  a  crown  and  the  words  Mai .  y  .  Feme.  Pitt  (1.)  sits 
in  profile  to  the  r.  cutting  off  a  piece  of  the  tongue  with  a  knife  and  fork. 
Thurlow,  in  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  faces  him,  using  two  large 
spoons  greedily  (cf.  No.  7166),  he  is  taking  brains  from  a  hole  in  the  King's 
forehead.  Hastings,  in  oriental  dress,  sits  between  them  gouging  out  an 
eye  with  a  spoon  and  fork.  Besides  Pitt  is  a  sauce-boat  inscribed  Sauce, 
beside  Thurlow  a  bottle  inscribed  Vinegar. 

An  anticipation  of  the  attacks  on  Pitt  during  the  Regency  crisis,  cf. 
Nos.  7382,  7936,  &c.  For  Thurlow  and  Hastings  see  No.  7278,  &c.  For 
the  signature  cf.  No.  7416. 
7jXioJin. 

7287  THE  SURPRISING  STONE  EATER, 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥for  the  Proprietor  by  W.  Moore.  Bond  Street  &  W  Dickie,  Strand, 
March  28^^  1788 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III  (H.L.),  in  profile  to  the  1., 
leans  back,  a  stone  in  his  mouth,  looking  anxiously  at  a  hand  which  holds 
out  to  him  another  'stone'.  An  open  box  inscribed  Buke  is  on  the  1.,  as  if 
held  by  the  person  (cut  off  by  the  1.  margin)  whose  hand  proffers  the  stone, 
and  whose  sleeve  indicates  Hastings.  On  both  stones  is  the  diamond  of 
a  pack  of  cards.  The  design  is  enclosed  in  an  irregular  diamond  within  a 
rectangle,  in  each  corner  of  which  is  a  quadrilateral  diamond.  Beneath  the 
title  is  etched : 

With  appetite  of  Farmer  he* II  feast 

On  the  hardest  Stones  brought  from  the  East. 

For  the  diamond  presented  to  the  King  through  Hastings  see  No.  6966. 
The  allegations  were  revived  by  the  trial  of  Hastings  and  by  the  much 
advertised  performances  of  a  stone-eater,  one  of  whose  bills  is  in  the 
Banks  Collection,  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15,  fo.  86.  See  also  Gent.  Mag.  xxxiv. 
300;  xH,  pp.  448,  495.  See  Nos.  6978,  7288,  7295,  7359.  For  the  King  as 
a  farmer  see  No.  6918,  &c. 

34X3iin. 

7288  THE  DIAMOND  EATERS,  HORRID  MONSTERS! 

[?  C.March  1788] 

Engraving  (coloured  impressions).  Thurlow,  George  III,  and  Queen 
Charlotte  (H.L.)  look  up  with  open  mouths  to  receive  the  diamonds  which 
Hastings  (1.),  standing  behind  Thurlow,  pours  into  their  mouths  from  a 
bag  inscribed  Indian  Plunder.  Thurlow  (1.)  and  the  King  (r.)  face  each 
other  in  profile;  Thurlow  has  the  body  of  a  demon  and  puts  his  r.  hand 
on  the  breast  of  the  King,  his  talons  tearing  off  his  garment  and  obscuring 

470 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    I788 


• 


his  Garter  star.  The  Queen  sits  between  them,  full-face.  Hastings  wears 
a  jewelled  turban  and  oriental  dress. 

A  stone-eater  was  giving  much-advertised  performances  in  London  in 
1788,  see  No.  7287,  &c. ;  for  the  Queen's  jewels  see  No.  6978,  &c. ;  for 
Thurlow  and  Hastings  see  No.  7278,  &c.   See  No.  6966,  &c. 
7|x6Ain. 

7289  THE  SHADOW  OF  OPPOSITION   ''Stat  Nominis  Umbra'* 
J  5/ [Bayers.] 

PubF  31'^  March  iy88  by  Tho'  Cornell 

Aquatint.  A  design  divided  into  two  portions  by  a  vertical  line  and  a 
slanting  Hne  which  diverges  to  the  r.  from  the  vertical  line  forming  with 
it  an  obtuse  angle.  On  the  1.  of  this  division  are  the  Speaker  and  three 
members  of  the  House  of  Commons ;  on  the  r.  the  Chancellor  and  three 
peers.  Only  a  small  part  of  the  Speaker  and  his  chair  are  visible  on  the 
extreme  1.  Fox  stands  facing  him,  his  r.  hand  extended,  his  1.  on  his  hip, 
a  scroll  inscribed  Consuetudo  et  Lex  Parliamenti  issues  from  his  mouth. 
Burke  stands  with  his  back  to  Fox,  scowling  with  folded  arms ;  his  scroll 
is  inscribed  Tropes  Figures  and  a  long  Speech.  Sheridan  stands  in  back 
view,  facing  Burke  and  bending  forward,  his  scroll  is  Speech  all  Point. 

The  figures  on  the  r.  have  similar  attitudes  to  those  on  the  1.,  only  the 
extreme  1.  of  the  Chancellor  and  Woolsack  being  visible.  Loughborough, 
in  back  view,  wearing  a  judge's  wig  and  gown,  says  Lex  Parliamenti; 
Stormont  says  Long  Speech.   Lord  Derby,  turning  to  the  r.  in  a  mincing 
attitude,  says.  Point  de  tout.   Beneath  the  titles  is  etched: 
Each  Patriots  Speech  another  Speech  affords 
The  C  .  .  .  .  ns  have  their  Echo  in  the  L  .  .  .  ds 
Thus  Opposition  proves  the  Assertion  true 
That  even  Shadows  have  their  Shadows  too 

The  six  members,  but  not  the  Speaker  and  Chancellor,  are  aquatinted 
to  resemble  shadows. 

For  the  controversy  whether  the  impeachment  of  Hastings  was  to  be 
according  to  the  rules  of  the  Courts  of  Law  or  according  to  the  law  of 
Parliament  see  No.  7276,  &c.  The  question  was  debated  in  the  Lords  on 
21  Feb.  1788;  Loughborough,  Stormont,  and  Derby  spoke.  Pari.  Hist. 
xxvii.  54  ff.  . 

Also  an  impression  before  aquatinting,  with  inscriptions  but  without 
publication-line. 
6i|x6iin. 

7290-7294 
A  set  of  W.L.  portraits  by  Sayers  (cf.  Nos.  6052-77,  6637-43). 

7290  [BROOK  WATSON.] 

ysf 

PubF  byja'  Bretherton  31"*  March  iy88 

Engraving.  Alderman  Watson  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  bending  forward, 
his  wooden  leg  concealed  behind  a  bench  (1.);  he  holds  out  a  document 
with  a  pendent  seal  inscribed  Pension  for  Services.   From  the  bench,  on 

471 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

• 

which  is  his  hat,  hangs  a  paper  inscribed:  Mem^'*  of  Imporf^  To  say  a  few 
short  Words  about  myself  Trade  Independent  &c.  one  word  more  I  will  not 
receive  one  Farthing  of  my  Pension  till  .  .  ,  the  next  Gen^  Election  is  over. 
The  last  six  words  have  been  scored  through. 

Watson  was  a  favourite  butt  of  the  Opposition ;  the  pension  was  £500  a 
year  granted  to  his  wife,  see  No.  6965.  Sayers's  hostility  was  perhaps  evoked 
by  his  opposition  to  the  Shop  Tax,  13  March  1788.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  175. 
7x4!  in.  (pL). 

7291  [JOHN  SAWBRIDGE.] 

PubM  by  Ja'  Bretherton  31^  March  iy88 

Engraving.  Alderman  Sawbridge  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.;  he  bends 
forward,  holding  out  his  hat  in  his  1.  hand;  in  his  r.  is  a  paper  inscribed 
Motion  for  Reform  in  the  Representation. 

For  Sawbridge 's  motions  in  favour  of  Parliamentary  Reform  cf.  No.  6788 
where  he  is  represented  as  one  of  the  bores  of  the  House.    See  Rose,  Pitt 
and  National  Revival,  191 1,  p.  178.   City  Biography ,  i8oo,  pp.  87  ff. 
6|-X4|in.  (pi.). 

7292  [PHILIP  FRANCIS.] 

JSf 

PubF  by  Ja'  Bretherton  jr*  March  iy88 

Engraving.  Francis,  wearing  his  hat,  stands  in  a  theatrical  attitude,  his 
head  turned  in  profile  to  the  r.,  glaring  fiercely  (as  in  No.  7268).  His  fists 
are  clenched,  the  1.  arm  across  his  breast.   Beside  him  is  etched : 

"/  hate  Alonzo'' 
Zanga 
Francis,  inveterate  enemy  of  Hastings,  cf.  No.  7268,  is  represented  as 
7i2iTig2i  in  Dr.  Young's  The  Revenge  (1721). 

Reproduced,  Parkes,  Memoirs  of  Francis y  1867,  ii,  frontispiece. 
6JX4|in.  (pi.). 

7293  [SIR  JAMES  ERSKINE.] 

JSf 

PubF  by  James  Bretherton  31"^  March  iy88 

Engraving.  Erskine  stands  in  profile  to  the  1. ;  he  bends  forward,  resting  both 
hands  on  the  table  of  the  House  of  Commons,  part  of  which  is  visible  on  the 
1.  His  half-closed  eyes  give  him  an  almost  imbecile  expression,  cf.  No.  715 1. 

6JX4|in.(pl.). 

7294  [PHILIP  ROSENHAGEN.]  [?  1788^] 

[Sayers.] 

Engraving.    Rosenhagen,  fashionably  dressed,  stands  in  profile  to  the  1., 

holding  his  hat  and  cane.    He  gazes  with  a  complacent  smile  at  a  bust 

^  The  print  was  not  published.  Note  by  Miss  Banks. 

472 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

portrait  of  Lord  Lansdowne.  Beside  him  is  etched  In  te  Domine  speravi. 

The  Rev.  Philip  Rosenhagen  (?  1737-98)  was  an  intimate  at  Shelbume 
House  and  popular  in  the  Prince  of  Wales's  circle  until  he  became  a  Pittite, 
perhaps  in  consequence  of  his  repeated  refusal  to  perform  the  marriage 
of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  the  Prince.  D.N.B. 

The  water-colour  drawing  for  this  is  in  the  Broadley  Collection,  vol.  iv, 
Westminster  Public  Library. 
7X4!  in. 

7295  A  PURGING  DRAUGHT  FOR  EXTRACTING  DIAMONDS 
FROM  THE  RICH  MINE  OF  BENGALL  [?  March  1788] 

Published  as  the  Act  Directs  by  Crawford  Middle  Row  Holboum 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Hastings  (1.)  stands  facing  the  much 
taller  Thurlow,  who  pulls  from  his  mouth  a  long  rope  of  jewels,  coils  of 
which  lie  on  the  ground.  Fox  and  Burke  (1.)  kneel  behind  Hastings,  pulling 
from  his  posteriors  similar  ropes  of  jewels.  Hastings  says.  These  Monsters 
mil  tear  out  my  very  Intrails ;  Thurlow  says,  He  shant  be  hurt  if  his  Gut 
holds  out ;  at  his  feet  lies  a  medicine-phial  inscribed  Justice  which  is  spilling 
its  contents.  Fox  says.  We'll  Gutt  him ;  Burke  says,  The  sight  of  these  is  good 
for  the  Eyes.  George  III  (r.),  seated  behind  Thurlow  in  an  ornamental 
chair,  eats  the  end  of  a  long  rope  of  jewels  which  lies  in  coils  on  the  floor.  He 

says.  These  is  provision  for  a  K gpoor  soul  I'll  take  care  he  shan't  be  hurt. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  proceedings  against  Warren  Hastings.   For 
the  King  as  a  diamond-eater  cf.  No.  7287,  &c. ;  as  a  protector  of  Hastings, 
No.  7273.  For  Hastings  and  Thurlow  see  No.  7278,  &c.  For  the  trial  see 
No.  7269,  &c. 
8|Xi2jin. 

7296  THE  ROYAL  CAPTAIN.  [i  Apr.  1788] 

Engraving.  Rambler's  Magazine y  vi.  104.  The  interior  of  a  captain's  cabin. 
Under  the  slanting  window  is  a  settee  on  which  the  captain  embraces  a 
black  girl.  On  the  wall  (r.)  is  an  oval  mirror,  the  frame  surmounted  by 
a  royal  crown. 

The  text  explains  that  Prince  'Henry'  (i.e.  William  Henry)  had  vowed 
to  his  father  not  to  yield  to  the  temptations  of  the  fair.   He  found  every 
satisfaction  in  'the  lovely  Wowski'.  See  No.  7260. 
5MX3fin.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

7297  A  SLOW  AND  SURE  DELIVERANCE,  AN  ANTICIPATION 
SKETCH 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Craft  [?  Calcraft].   Executed  by  Lucre 
Pu¥  for  the  Proprietor  by  W  Dickie,  Strand  and  J.  Brown,  Holbom. 
April  2^  iy88 

Engraving.  Two  lawyers  (Plumer  and  Dallas)  in  wig  and  gown  carry  (r. 
to  1.)  an  ornate  palanquin  in  which  Hastings  is  seated,  wearing  his  accus- 
tomed jewelled  turban ;  he  raises  a  curtain  to  look  out.  On  the  palanquin 
(which  in  form  resembles  a  sedan  chair)  are  the  initials  W  H.  A  third 
lawyer  (1.),  Hastings's  leading  counsel,  Law  (1.),  marches  in  front  with 
a  triumphant  gait;  he  holds  his  Brief  in  his  1.  hand,  in  his  r.  a  large 

473 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

money-bag  inscribed  Fee,  Beside  him  is  a  signpost  pointing  To  St.  Jameses. 
Beside  the  palanquin  walks  Thurlow  holding  out  a  sword  inscribed  Justice, 
the  point  supporting  an  enormous  hat  on  whose  crown  is  a  royal  crown. 
This  completely  protects  the  palanquin  from  a  blast  directed  against  it 
from  the  head  of  Burke,  which  emerges  from  clouds  in  the  upper  1.  corner 
of  the  design.  His  hand  also  emerges,  holding  a  roll  inscribed  Impeach- 
ment. In  Thurlow's  1.  hand  is  a  money-bag  inscribed  Treatise  on  Friend- 
ship. These  four  protectors  of  Hastings  are  walking  on  the  heads  of  a 
crowd  of  peers  wearing  coronets  who  are  all  asleep.  Among  them  is  one 
bishop  on  whose  head  Thurlow  tramples.  Across  them  is  written  Honor. 
In  the  background  (r.)  is  a  hill  on  whose  summit  is  a  post  surmounted  by 
a  weathercock  and  inscribed  Evidence.  A  hand  attached  to  the  post  points 
downwards  and  to  the  1.  inscribed  To  the  High  Court.  Fox  and  Sheridan 
toil  up  the  hill  holding  the  poles  of  a  carrying- chair  in  which  sits  a  man 
grasping  a  large  money-bag  inscribed  Treatise  on  the  Yellow  Jaundice. 
Fox  turns  to  him,  saying,  Why  not  Swear  here  what  you  asserted  elsewhere? 
One  of  many  satires  alleging  the  venal  protection  of  Hastings  by  Thurlow 
and  the  King.  It  anticipates  his  acquittal  and  illustrates  the  contrast 
between  the  accusations  of  the  Managers  and  the  evidence  of  the  witnesses. 
The  witness  carried  by  Fox  and  Sheridan  may  be  Fox  Calcraft,  examined 
on  29  Feb.,  who,  though  called  by  the  prosecution,  gave  evidence  markedly 
in  favour  of  Hastings.  Trial  of  Warren  Hastings ,  1796,  p.  23.  The  peers, 
each  of  whom  would  give  his  verdict,  *on  my  honour',  are  asleep.  The 
days  on  which  evidence  was  taken  were  considered  very  uninteresting  by 
contrast  with  the  theatrical  rhetoric  of  the  Managers  (cf.  Mme  D'Arblay's 
Diary,  1905,  iv.  367).  Though  the  trial  opened  before  160  peers,  only  29, 
those  who  had  attended  during  the  greater  part  of  the  trial,  recorded  their 
votes.  For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c. ;  for  the  supposed  venality  of  the 
King  and  Thurlow,  Nos.  7278,  &c.  For  the  attitude  of  the  peers  see 
No.  7300,  &c.  For  the  dispute  as  to  whether  the  rules  of  the  Courts  relating 
to  evidence  were  to  be  followed  see  No.  7276,  &c. 
9jXi3f  in. 

7298  THE  MORNING  AFTER  MARRIAGE OR ^A  SCENE 

ON  THE  CONTINENT. 

Plenipo  Georgy  fecit.   [Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  5^*  iy88.  by  W.  Holland  N^  50  Oxford  Sir* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  sequel  to  No.  6932  which  was  reissued 
27  March  1788.  The  final  figure  of  the  date  appears  to  have  been  altered 
from  6  to  8.  The  Prince  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  in  the  bedroom  of  a  French 
inn  ;  a  maidservant  enters  (1.)  with  a  tea-tray.  The  Prince,  yawning  and 
stretching  with  a  dissipated  air,  is  seated  on  the  edge  of  a  table ;  the  revelry 
of  the  past  night  is  indicated  by  an  overturned  decanter,  broken  wine- 
glass, and  a  broken  candle.  Another  candlestick  and  broken  wine-glass  lie 
on  the  ground,  together  with  the  Prince's  top-boots.  He  wears  slippers  and 
his  stockings  are  ungartered,  the  honi  soit  qui  maly  [pense]  ribbon  hanging 
round  his  leg.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  seated  on  the  bed,  draws  on  a  stocking; 
her  garter  inscribed  Fox  lies  on  the  ground  (cf .  No.  7306).  The  bed  is  heavily 
draped  with  fringed  curtains.  The  Prince's  feathered  hat  hangs  on  the  wall. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  96.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  33. 
i52Xi9|in. 

474 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7299  AN  INDIAN  PRINCE  ON  A  VISIT  TO  A  FRIENDLY  COURT 

Pu¥  April  y''  i&^  iy88  by  J  Berry  N  I2g  Oxford  Road, 

Engraving.  Hastings  walks  (r.  to  1.)  towards  Westminster  Hall,  which  is 
sketched  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design,  and  indicated  by  a  signpost 
inscribed  New  Palace  Yard.  He  is  preceded  by  a  young  military  officer, 
evidently  Major  Scott,  holding  a  hookah,  the  smoke  from  which  is  inscribed 
Articles  of  Impeachment.  Hastings  is  smoking  the  hookah,  saying,  Old  care 
in  a  Whiff  of  Tobacco  Fll  Smother.  He  wears  a  jewelled  and  feathered 
turban,  tunic,  and  knee-breeches  with  a  long  cloak  which  is  held  up  by 
two  little  black  boys  (r.).  Thurlow  walks  behind  him,  holding  over  his 
head  a  large  fringed  umbrella,  and  saying.  My  Magnimity  \sic'\  will  cover 
a  Multitude  of  thy  Crimes  and  Misdemeanors.  In  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the 
design  is  a  gibbet  inscribed  The  Governor ,  from  which  dangles  a  noose. 
Beneath  it  sit  two  dogs  with  the  heads  of  Fox  and  Burke.  Fox  (r.)  says, 
Brother  Edmund  Til  finish  the  Law.  Burke  says,  Fllbring  the  Culprit  to  Justice. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  supposed  protection  given  to  Hastings  by 
Thurlow,  see  No.  7278,  &c. 
9X13  in. 

7300  THE  MANAGERS  IN  DISTRESS. 

J  5/ [Bayers.] 

Publ^  iP^  April  iy88  by  The'  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  stone  bridge  across  a  river  collapses,  all  its  piers  having 
broken.  Fox  clings  to  the  central  piece  of  masonry  which  is  falling;  he 
says :  D**n  the  Piers  they  wonH  support  us.  Burke  falls  head  foremost  into 
the  water,  clutching  a  roll  inscribed  Impeachment.  Courtenay's  head  wear- 
ing a  hat  emerges  from  the  water;  a  pair  of  legs  and  hands  with  a  floating 
bag-wig  are  identified  as  Sir  James  Erskine. 

One  of  several  prints  prophesying  the  failure  of  the  prosecution  in 
Hastings's  trial  owing  to  the  attitude  of  the  peers;  see  Nos.  7297,  7310. 
6fX7iin.  (pi.). 

7301  ENGLISH  SLAVERY;  OR,  A  PICTURE  OF  THE  TIMES. 

[.?  After  F.  G.Byron.] 

London.  Published  by  William  Holland,  Printseller,  at  Garrick's Richard, 
N""  so  Oxford  Street,  near  Berner's  Street,  April       iy88. 

Holland's  Caricature  Rooms  are  now  open,  presenting  a  general  Exhibi- 
tion of  all  the  distinguished  Caricatures  that  have  been  published  the 
last  Ten  Years,  with  many  original  Paintings  and  drawings  of  high 
celebrity:  Adtnittance,  one  Shilling. 

Engraving.  A  strip  design  in  the  manner  of  Bunbury's  Long  Minuet  (No. 
7229)  on  four  sheets ;  on  the  first  is  an  additional  imprint :  Pub.  by  William 
Holland  A^"  50  Oxford  Street  April  3  iy88,  and  on  the  third  a  similar 
imprint,  dated  April  13.  The  words  are  etched  above  the  heads  of  the 
speakers. 

[i]  Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown  (1.),  and  the  King  (r.)  sit 
facing  each  other  on  each  side  of  a  small  rectangular  table.  On  the  table 
is  a  small  box  inscribed  B [bulse]  and  a  money-bag  inscribed  100,000, 

475 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  King,  his  r.  arm  resting  on  the  table,  says,  /  would  not  for  the  world 
touch  either.  Thurlow  answers,  Nor  /,  by  G — d!  For  the  bulse  see  No. 
6966,  &c.   See  also  No.  7278,  &c. 

[2]  Queen  Charlotte,  her  hair  and  shoulders  covered  with  jewels,  is 
seated,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  in  a  small  armchair  playing  a  square  piano 
(inaccurately  drawn).  She  looks  up  with  a  pleased  smile,  saying.  Pounds, 
shillings  y  pence  and  farthings ,  I  Have  at  my  fingers  end.  The  words  Pounds , 
Shillings  Pence  are  repeated  on  her  open  music-book.  For  her  supposed 
miserhness  see  No.  7836,  &c. 

[3]  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  leads  the  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  by  a  chain  attached 
to  his  wrists ;  he  puts  his  r.  hand  on  his  heart,  turning  to  her  with  a  smile, 
and  saying.  Delightful  Slavery!  A  day,  an  hour;  of  such  sweet  bondage  is 
worth  an  eternity  of  celestial  happiness.  He  wears  a  military  coat  with 
epaulettes.  She  says.  Who  can  behold  without  transport  ''the  glass  of 
fashion^  and  the  mould  ofform,  the  observed  of  all  observers  smiling  in  chains! 
She  is  richly  dressed,  her  hair  decorated  with  three  ostrich  feathers,  flowers, 
and  jewels.  The  Prince's  feathers  are  repeated  in  embroidery  on  her  petti- 
coat and  on  her  shoe-buckles. 

Sheet  2.  [4]  Hastings,  in  oriental  dress,  is  seated  in  a  chair,  looking  to  the 
r.,  while  Pitt  (1.)  stands  beside  him,  holding  his  bared  r.  arm  and  a  basin, 
which  catches  the  blood  from  an  incision.  Pitt  says.  Courage,  my  dear 
friend,  you  will  find  wonderful  benefit  from  this  bleeding.  Hastings  says, 
/  trust  entirely  to  your  sliillfor  my  recovery.  It  is  suggested  that  Pitt's  assent 
to  the  impeachment  (see  No.  7139)  was  given  to  protect  Hastings. 

[5]  The  Duke  of  York  (1.)  seated  with  Fox  and  Admiral  Pigot  at  a  card- 
table.  His  fists  are  clenched,  his  r.  arm  raised ;  he  exclaims  with  an  angry 

expression  D n  the  Dice!  never  got  such  a  plucking  in  my  life!  Fox, 

who  sits  opposite  him,  and  Pigot  extend  their  hands  with  a  propitiatory 
gesture;  Fox  says,  Don*t  be  so  furious,  try  another  cast  for  ten  thousand. 
Cards  and  dice  are  on  the  table ;  a  plucked  goose  emerges  from  a  dice-box 
at  the  Duke's  feet.  For  the  gaming  of  the  Duke  of  York  (who  lost  large 
sums  to  Pigot)  see  General  Grant  to  Cornwallis,  6  Apr.  1788,  CornwaUis 
Correspondence,  i.  362-3.   Cf.  Nos.  7359  (9),  7914,  8062,  8073,  8095. 

[6]  Lady  Archer  sits  at  a  dressing-table  whose  mirror  reflects  her  profile, 
painting  her  face ;  her  legs  are  crossed  in  a  manner  then  considered  inde- 
corous. A  monkey  sits  on  the  back  of  her  chair  imitating  her  actions. 
Behind  her  (1.),  and  with  her  back  to  her,  kneels  one  of  Lady  Archer's 
daughters,  her  hands  tied  behind  her  back.  She  weeps,  saying,  Pon  my 
honor,  mamma,  PR  not  attempt  to  run  away.  On  the  ground  (r.)  lies  an 
overturned  bird-cage  with  an  open  door.  Lady  Archer  tried  to  prevent 
the  marriage  of  her  beautiful  daughters,  who  were  co-heiresses  of  their 
father's  estate;  the  eldest  married  the  Earl  of  Plymouth  30  May  1788,  the 
youngest  married  Henry  Howard  of  Corby  4  Nov.  1788.  See  Huish, 
Memoirs  of  George  IV,  1830,  pp.  248  ff".  On  29  Feb.  1788  Storer  writes: 
*Lady  Archer's  three  daughters  have  made  a  secession  from  their  mother's 
house,  and  have  set  up  a  separate  establishment.'  Auckland  Correspondence, 
i.  472.   See  Nos.  7428-30.   For  Lady  Archer  see  also  No.  5879,  &c. 

Sheet  3.  [7]  Miss  Farren  seated  in  a  chair  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding 
an  open  book,  looks  at  Lord  Derby  who  stands  legs  astride,  arms  extended, 
saying,  /  think  this  attitude  will  eclipse  the  Princess  Bow!  (see  No.  7439). 
She  says.  Admirable,  my  Lord!  quite  new  too!  never  saw  such  grace  and 
dignity  in  my  life!  She  appears  to  be  assisting  at  his  rehearsal  of  a  part,  cf. 
No.  7215.  For  Derby's  attachment  to  Miss  Farren  see  No.  5901,  &c. 

476 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

[8]  A  fat  and  ugly  parson  sits  at  a  circular  table  eating  greedily.  On  the 
table  are  a  sucking-pig,  two  decanters,  &c.  Behind  his  back  (1.)  stands  the 
Devil  dressed  as  a  cook  with  cap  and  apron.  He  is  lashing  a  sucking-pig 
which  he  holds  by  the  tail,  saying,  You  shall  find  him  as  tender  as  a  chicken, 
master.  The  parson  answers,  ThaVs  rights  Cooky  twig  the  rascal  welly  give 
him  a  Negro  flagellation!  One  of  many  satires  on  the  tithe  pig,  and  on  the 
gormandizing  parson. 

[9]  Burke,  an  emaciated  parson,  stands  in  a  pulpit  in  profile  to  the  1., 
his  hands  on  an  open  book,  saying,  And  behold  he  lived  upon  the  fat  of  the 
land  and  was  fed  with  good  things!  Probably  a  satire  on  Burke's  financial 
difficulties. 

Sheet  4.  [10]  A  very  slim  and  foppish  young  man  is  seated  at  a  dressing- 
table  whose  draped  oval  mirror  (r.)  reflects  his  face.  He  applies  a  cosmetic 
to  his  cheek.  On  the  table  is  a  high  Kevenhuller  hat  and  a  box  inscribed 
Chicken  Gloves,  Beneath  is  written  in  a  contemporary  hand  *H.  Greville. 
vid.  follies  of  fashion'.  He  is  probably  Charles  Greville,  1762-1832,  fifth 
son  of  Fulke  Greville  of  Wilbury,  Wilts.,  and  father  of  the  diarist. 

[i  i]  A  lady  wearing  a  large  feathered  hat  stands  clasping  her  hands  to  her 
breast  and  saying  (or  singing)  My  hearty  my  good  hearty  says  my  Henry  is 
true.  She  turns  her  head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  towards  a  box  in  which  Prince 
William,  wearing  a  ribbon  and  star  and  seated  in  profile  to  the  1.,  claps 
ecstatically,  saying.  Bravo!  bravissimo!  encore!!!  She  is  identified  in  a 
contemporary  hand  as  Mrs.  Billington  (at  this  time  singing  at  Covent 
Garden  as  well  as  at  concerts). 

The  title  reflects  the  agitation  for  the  abolition  of  the  slave  trade,  the 
committee  (afterwards  the  famous  Abolition  Society)  meeting  for  the  first 
time  on  22  May  1787.   Cf.  No.  7303.   Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7439. 

Advertised  by  Holland  as  'English  Slavery  .  .  .  exhibiting  twenty  Public 
Characters  just  as  the  World  would  wish  to  see  them.  Price  7s  6d.  or 
13s  6d  coloured'.  Catalogue  appended  to  Jordan's  Elixir  of  Life  . .  .,  1789. 
811X25  in. 

730 1 A   A  reduced  copy  probably  from  a  book  and  resembling  the  folding 
plates  to  the  Hibernian  Magazine.   The  groups  are  arranged  from  1.  to  r. 
as  in  No.  7301,  but  each  figure  is  reversed  and  the  groups  are  in  two 
rows,  one  above  the  other. 
6fxi7in.  (pi.). 

7302  THE  FIRST  CHARGE EXIT  IN  FUMO— 

J5/[Sayers.] 

j^th  jipyii  jyS8  Pub¥  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  A  design  divided  by  a  vertical  line  on  one  side  of  which  is 
Burke  (r.)  declaiming  with  raised  arms  and  downcast  head;  on  the  other 
(1.)  a  scene  in  India  illustrating  his  speech.  An  Indian,  Cheyt  Singh,  looks 
over  a  high  stone  wall  whose  parapet  is  decorated  with  plants  in  vases, 
saying,  Gadzooker  He  has  taken  my  Hooker.  On  the  ground  beneath  the 
wall  are  two  hookahs  puffing  out  smoke,  and  the  leg  of  a  seated  soldier, 
his  body  being  cut  off  by  the  edge  of  the  design.  Burke,  facing  r.,  exclaims, 
Guilty  of  not  suffering  him  to  smoke  for  the  space  of  two  Days. 

A  satire  on  the  proceedings  of  1 1  April,  the  thirteenth  day  of  the  trial, 
and  the  last  day  of  the  first,  or  Benares  Charge.  One  of  the  alleged  insults 

477 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

offered  to  the  Rajah  of  Benares  after  his  arrest  was  the  taking  away  of  his 
hookah:  a  witness  said  this  was  'not  more  than  taking  from  an  EngHsh 
gentleman  his  snuff-box'.  Burke  dilated  on  the  effect  of  the  deprivation : 
'the  smallest  alleviation  of  his  misery  was  of  importance  .  .  .'.  Trial  of 
Warren  Hastings,  1796,  pp.  27  ff.  Cf.  Nos.  7307,  7309,  7313;  similar 
satires  on  exaggerated  allegations  of  the  Managers.  For  the  trial  see  No. 
7269,  &c. 

5|x6in. 

7303  THE  SLAVE  TRADE 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs,  for  the  Proprietor,  by  W.  Moore  N^  48  New  Bond 
Street  &  W  Dickie,  opposite  Exeter  change.  Strand,  April  J5'*  iy88 

Engraving.  The  King  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  upwards,  sur- 
rounded by  obsequious  ministerialists  and  others.  Pitt  is  prone  at  his  feet 
kissing  his  toe.  Dundas,  in  Highland  dress,  kneels  behind  him,  kissing  his 
posterior.  Behind  Dundas,  stooping  low,  are  two  lawyers,  the  Attorney- 
General  (Arden)  and  the  Solicitor-General  (Macdonald).  A  third  man  on 
the  extreme  r.  bows  low.  In  front  of  the  King  and  behind  Pitt,  Kenyon 
kneels  with  clasped  hands.  Next  him  is  Wilkes.  Two  men  bowing  on  the 
r.  are  Sydney  (1.)  and  probably  Carmarthen.  Two  other  persons  are  partly 
visible,  one  of  whom  appears  to  be  a  bishop.  The  heads  and  hands  of  all 
but  the  King  are  shaded  to  indicate  a  negroid  complexion. 

Cf.  No.  7124.  The  title  reflects  the  rapid  growth  of  the  Abolition  move- 
ment, cf.  No.  7301. 
7|Xio|in. 

7304  TRYAL  OF  HASTINGS  WESTMINSTER  HALL 
J  N  1788  [Nixon.] 

Published  April  the  22  by  E.  Harding  AT-'  ij2  Fleet  Street 

Engraving.  Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  is  seated  on  the  r. 
centre,  but  the  canopy  of  state  under  which  he  actually  sat  is  not  shown. 
Spectators  sit  and  stand,  six  on  his  r.,  four  on  his  1.;  they  are  probably 
caricature  portraits  but  cannot  be  identified.  A  man  wearing  a  ribbon  and 
star  with  a  sword  has  some  resemblance  to  Sydney  (who  had  no  order). 
One  man  yawns,  another  looks  through  a  glass,  smiling. 

For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c.  Similar  in  design  and  manner  to  No. 
7316. 
4X8Jin. 

7305  A  FORCIBLE  ENTRANCE  INTO  LEADENHALL- STREET ; 
BY  MASTER  BILLY  DECLARATORY  UPON  A  DUN'D— ASS. 

[PBaldrey.] 

Pu¥  April  24.  iy88.  by  Jos^  Baldrey  N°  ig  H.  Holborn.  London, 

Engraving.  Pitt  (r.),  seated  on  an  ass  with  the  head  of  Dundas,  rides  along 
Leadenhall  Street  (r.  to  1.)  preceded  by  Thurlow.  On  the  1.  are  Britannia, 

478 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

heavily  burdened  with  taxes,  and  Justice,  dropping  her  scales  in  alarm  at 
the  attitude  of  Thurlow  who  threatens  to  strike  her  with  a  rolled  docu- 
ment inscribed  Law  (see  No.  7276,  &c.).  Pitt,  not  caricatured,  sits  com- 
posedly on  his  ass ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  sabre  inscribed  Obstinacy ^  on  his  1. 
arm  an  oval  shield  on  which  are  a  crown  and  the  words  Patronage  Numbers. 
His  rein  is  inscribed  Controul.  From  Dundas's  neck  hangs  a  large  open 
book,  its  1.  page  inscribed  A  Volume  of  Considerations  for  dropping  the 
Impeachment  of  S^  Tho^  Rumbold  Humbly  Dedicated  to  the  R^  Hon^  H, 
Dundas  by  his  most  Obed.  Humble  Serv^  Tho^  Rumbo[ld].  The  opposite 
page  consists  of  four  bank-bills  or  cheques  for  £500.  The  ass  tramples  on 
papers  inscribed  Rights^  Charters^  Privileges.  Thurlow  tramples  on  Prece- 
dents (i.e.  those  of  the  impeachments  of  Strafford,  &c.,  see  No.  7276,  &c.). 
Britannia,  on  the  extreme  1.,  walking  away  from  the  procession,  stoops 
under  her  burden,  composed  of  interlaced  ribbons  inscribed :  Wheel  Tax^ 
Hat  Tax,  Shop  Tax,  Hat  Tax,  House  Tax,  Horse  Tax,  Comtnutation  Tax, 
Receipt  Tax,  India  Bill,  Declaratory  Bill,  Glove  Tax,  Servants  Tax.  Behind 
the  procession  are  the  houses  of  Leadenhall  Street  with  part  of  the  India 
House  on  the  extreme  1.  Behind  Pitt  (r.)  is  a  shop  with  a  large  shuttered 
window  on  which  is  a  placard : 

This  Shop  and  House  to  Let:  \  the  Trade  removing  to  a  \  Smaller:  \  accord- 
ing to  the  very  judicious  |  learned,  and  Philanthropick  \  Advice,  of  \  The  R^ 
Hon^^"  W»*  Pitt. 

A  comprehensive  attack  on  Pitt,  Thurlow,  and  Dundas  which  covers  the 
Board  of  Control,  see  No.  7152,  &c.,  the  conduct  of  the  trial  of  Hastings, 
see  No.  7269,  &c.,  the  Declaratory  Act,  see  No.  7280,  &c.,  and  the  taxes 
of  1784-7,  especially  the  Shop  Tax,  see  No.  6798,  &c.  Dundas  is  accused 
of  taking  bribes  for  dropping  the  prosecution  of  Rumbold,  see  No.  6169. 
The  title  indicates  that  the  chief  subject  of  attack  is  ministerial  oppression 
of  the  East  India  Company  by  the  Declaratory  Act,  &c.  Similar  in  manner 
to  No.  7261. 
9|Xi3|in. 

7306  THE  ROYAL  JOKE,— OR— BLACK  JACKS  DELIGHT. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub^  April  25:  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scene  in  Carlton 
House.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  seated  in  a  chair,  holds  a  stout,  good-looking 
lady  (Mrs.  Sawbridge)  across  his  knees  and  chastises  her  with  upraised 
hand ;  she  holds  out  her  arms  imploringly.  Alderman  Sawbridge  (r.)  faces 
her  in  profile  to  the  1.,  playing  a  fiddle  and  dancing;  from  his  pocket  hangs 
a  piece  of  music  inscribed  The  Reform,  a  new  Motion.  On  the  extreme  1. 
Lady  Archer  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  a  driving- whip,  and  pointing 
angrily  at  the  injured  lady.  A  little  girl  (Sawbridge)  stands  full-face,  clasp- 
ing her  hands  in  horror  at  the  treatment  of  her  mother.  Behind  are  a 
number  of  onlookers :  a  very  fat  lady  in  profile  to  the  1.  is  Miss  Vanneck. 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  watches,  not  displeased ;  Fox,  his  arm  round  her  shoulder, 
gazes  amorously  at  her.  George  Hanger  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  The 
other  figures  are  less  characterized  but  a  profile  head  (r.)  resembles  Lord 
Derby.  On  the  wall  (r.)  is  part  of  a  T.Q.L.  portrait,  the  head  cut  off  by 
the  upper  edge  of  the  design,  inscribed  Sir  G°  Van']S[e[cK\.  Beside  it  is  a 

479 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Stag's  head  on  which  hangs  a  man's  hat,  just  above  Sawbridge.  After 
the  title  is  etched  A  Hint  for  a  new  Reform.  *Black  Jack'  is  Sawbridge,  who 
was  swarthy,  and  a  consistent  advocate  of  ParHamentary  Reform.  In  the 
background  (r.)  are  persons  dancing. 

The  persons  have  been  identified  by  Miss  Banks.  Mrs.  Sawbridge  was 
a  noted  beauty,  see  Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces  ^  ii.  177.  She  was  a  daughter 
of  Sir  WilHam  Stevenson,  a  Lord  Mayor,  and  was  an  'Opposition  lady'. 
Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  435.  The  scandal  or  scandals  depicted  are  probably 
imaginary:  there  is  nothing  in  the  character  or  history  of  Sawbridge  to 
give  colour  to  such  allegations,  while  it  is  well  known  that  Fox  had  gravely 
offended  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  but  cf.  No.  7298. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  96-7. 
9jXi3iin. 

Two  other  states,  the  title  altered,  imprint  as  above : 
7306  a.   the  royal  joke,— or— SAWBRIDGE'S-DELIGHT. 

7306  b.  the  royal  minuet,— or— SAWBRIDGE'S-DELIGHT. 


7307  A  REVERIE  OF  PRINCE  DEMETRIUS  CANTEMIR,  OSPI- 
DAR  OF  MOLDAVIA— 

J^  5/ [Bayers.] 

Publ'^  26  April  iy88  by  Thcf  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  Burke  sleeps  in  a  half-reclining  position,  his  arms  folded,  legs 
extended,  spectacles  pushed  up  on  his  forehead.  On  a  pedestal  above  his 
head  (r.)  is  a  bust  inscribed  Mahomet,  a  fierce-looking,  mustachioed  man. 
A  hanging  lamp  burns  before  it.  On  the  r.  is  Burke's  reverie  or  dream: 
A  Turk  sits  cross-legged  on  a  divan  holding  out  his  arms  eagerly  to  a  young 
girl  who  is  being  brought  to  him  by  his  mother,  an  elderly  woman,  who 
says,  grinning,  /  have  procured  another  Lamb  for  my  Lord;  the  girl  turns 
away  with  a  gesture  of  distress.  Above  the  Turk's  head  is  an  open  book 
inscribed  Koran.  Beside  Burke  in  the  foreground  (r.)  is  propped  an  open 
book  inscribed :  And  I  have  observed  that  the  greatest  Degree  of  Respect  is 
paid  to  Women  of  Quality  in  the  East  and  that  the  strongest  Instances  of 
Maternal  Affection  &  filial  Duty  prevail  there. 

Notes 
Note  Begum — The  Viziers  Mother  frequently  procures  one  of  the  most  beautiful 
Virgins  whom  she  adorns  with  Pearls  and  precious  stones  and  brings  to  the 
Vizier  whom  she  calls  her  Lion  and  desires  him  to  take  her  to  his  Arms,  this 
he  most  religiously  performs  and  she  is  afterwards  consig[ned]  to  the  Zenana 
tvith  200  others  whom  he  never  sees  a  second  Time. 

A  satire  on  Burke's  speech  on  22  April,  when,  to  prove  the  veneration 
due  by  the  Mahometan  religion  to  'the  parental  character',  he  quoted  a 
treatise  of  Demetrius  Cantemir.  A  passage  read  by  the  clerk  stated  that 
though  young  virgins  were  sent  as  presents  to  the  Sultan  *yet  he  touches 
none  of  them  but  what  is  brought  by  his  mama'.  Trial  of  Warren  Hastings, 
1796,  p.  40.  Cf.  Nos.  7302,  7313,  similar  satires  on  a  speech  by  Burke. 
For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c. 
6|x6|in. 

480 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7308  THE  WESTMINSTER  HUNT. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  2f^  iy88.  by  S,  W,  Fores  N"*  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  pack  of  hounds  is 
in  full  cry  after  an  animal  with  the  head  of  Hastings  which  runs  through 
the  gate  of  St.  James's  Palace  (r.).  He  wears  a  turban;  a  collar  round  his 
neck  is  inscribed  Hycena^  and  a  large  bag  inscribed  Diamonds  &  Rupees 
is  tied  to  his  tail.  The  hounds  are  being  whipped  back  by  Thurlow  (1.) 
who  rides  an  ass  with  the  head  of  the  King,  shouting  Back!  Back!  He 
wears  a  hunting-cap  and  boots  with  monstrous  spurs,  with  his  Chancellor's 
wig  and  gown.  He  is  riding  over  the  hounds  who  have  the  heads  of  the 
leading  Managers  of  Hastings's  impeachment.  North  (not  a  Manager)  lies 
prostrate  and  apparently  dead  under  the  ass's  heels.  Burke  is  being 
crushed  under  the  animal's  off  foreleg,  while  the  other  kicks  Fox.  The 
foremost  of  the  pack  is  Sheridan,  his  collar  inscribed  Drury  Lane.  Behind 
him  are  Fox,  a  dog  whose  collar  is  inscribed  Francis  (not  a  Manager,  see 
No.  7268),  and  Michael  Angelo  Taylor,  his  collar  inscribed  Law-Chick,  see 
No.  6777.  The  King's  head  is  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  saddle  is  ornamented 
with  a  crown  and  a  jewel  is  suspended  from  his  neck,  probably  the  famous 
diamond,  see  No.  6966,  &c.  Two  sentries  stand  at  the  gate  of  the  Palace 
with  pens  in  their  caps,  probably  indicating  that  they  are  the  two  Secretaries 
of  State,  ^  Sydney  (1.)  and  Carmarthen  (r.),  to  whom  there  is  some  resem- 
blance, and  who  are  peers,  cf.  No.  7300,  &c. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  supposed  venal  protection  given  to  Hastings 
by  Thurlow  and  George  HI,  see  Nos.  7273,  7278,  &c.  For  the  trial  see 
No.  7369,  &c. ;  for  the  King  as  an  ass  cf.  Nos.  5669,  5683,  6007,  6387. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  97  (copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  35. 
9JXi3|-in. 

7309  THE  PRINCESS'S  BOW  ALIAS  THE  BOW  BEGUM. 

j^  5/ [Bayers.] 

Puhl^  r^  May  iy88  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  An  elderly  Indian  princess,  seated  on  a  stool  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  her  hands  deprecatingly  extended,  receives  the  obeisance  of  Burke,  Fox, 
and  Sheridan.  She  says,  dear  Gentlemen  this  is  too  much  now  you  really 
distress  me  exceedingly  ('exceedingly'  has  been  struck  out).  Burke  kneels  at 
her  feet,  head  bent  down,  supporting  himself  on  his  1.  hand ;  his  r.  hand  is 
on  his  breast ;  he  frowns,  his  spectacles  are  on  his  forehead.  He  is  between 
Sheridan  and  Fox.  Fox  stands  full-face,  holding  his  hat  to  his  breast ;  his 
bow  is  less  low.  On  the  r.  seven  bag-wigs  are  in  positions  corresponding 
to  those  that  they  would  take  if  on  the  heads  of  persons  making  low  bows 
to  the  Begum.  Below  them  are  three  swords  whose  hilts  are  decorated  with 
large  ribbon  bows  or  favours,  also  as  if  worn  by  invisible  persons  doing 
homage  to  the  Begum.  Sheridan  wears  a  similar  sword.  Both  wigs  and 
swords  are  inscribed  et  ccetera. 

Under  the  Begum's  seat  appear  the  head  and  arms  of  Francis  as  if 
emerging  from  the  ground;  he  fixes  Burke  and  the  others  with  a  con- 

*  In  Wright  and  Evans  they  are  identified  as  Sydney  and  Pitt.  Sydney's  vis-d- 
vis,  scarcely  recognizable,  resembles  Pitt  in  No.  7312. 

481  li 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

spiratorial  stare,  his  finger  across  his  lips,  saying,  /  am  at  the  Bottom  of  it. 
Behind  and  above  the  Begum's  head  is  a  picture  of  a  row  of  conical  moun- 
tains; a  mouse  issues  from  a  hole  in  the  nearest  mountain.  The  frame  is 
inscribed  Parturiunt  Monies  nascetur  ridiculus  mus.  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved  Bow  wow  wow,  fal  lal  &c  &cf. 

A  satire  on  the  second  charge  against  Hastings  relating  to  the  Begums 
of  Oudh.  The  younger  Begum,  the  mother  of  the  Nabob,  was  referred  to 
by  the  Managers  as  the  Bow  Begum,  and  they  laid  great  stress  on  *the  high 
dignity  and  respect  due  to  the  Princesses  of  Oude'.  Trial  of  Hastings y 
pp.  40,  41  (22  and  23  April).  The  bag-wigs  and  swords  indicate  court 
dress  (which  distinguished  the  Managers  from  other  M.P.'s  at  Hastings's 
trial)  worn  from  respect  to  the  Begum. 

Francis,  though  excluded  by  the  vote  of  the  House  of  Commons  from 
being  one  of  the  Managers  of  the  prosecution,  since  he  was  the  personal 
enemy  of  Hastings,  was  requested  by  the  Managers  (18  Dec.  1787)  to  give 
them  his  assistance,  and  his  frequent  attendance  at  their  committee.  See 
Parkes,  Memoirs  of  Francis,  ii.  243-4  (where  this  print  is  mentioned). 
See  No.  7268.  For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c. ;  for  the  Begums,  No.  6277 
and  index.   See  No.  7312,  a  retort  by  Gillray  to  this  satire. 

The  World,  2  May  1788 :  *A  very  happy  Print  of  the  Mountain  in  Labour, 
or  the  Bow  Begum  is  about  to  appear.'  The  title  derives  from  The  Prince's 
Bow,  No.  7439,  as  well  as  from  the  Begum. 

Another  impression,  the  word  'exceedingly'  erased  from  the  paper. 

8xii  in. 

7310  MARKET-DAY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  2^  iy88,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  N^  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  cattle-pens  (r.)  of 
Smithfield  Market  are  filled  with  cattle  with  the  faces  of  peers  and  draped 
with  ermine-trimmed  robes.  ^  Thurlow,  dressed  as  a  farmer,  the  owner 
of  the  cattle,  stands  on  guard  with  his  back  to  the  pens;  he  wears  his 
Chancellor's  wig  and  uses  the  mace  as  a  walking-stick.  He  clutches  a  full 
purse  in  his  r.  hand  and  looks  fiercely  at  a  smaller  number  of  cattle  who 
are  being  driven  from  the  1.  towards  the  pens.  One  of  these,  with  the  head 
of  Lord  Derby,  stands  on  his  hind  legs,  saying,  /  move  an  adjournment  till 
after  the  next  Newmarket  Meeting,  The  cattle  in  the  pens  (r.)  have  the 
heads  of  peers  who  were  believed  favourable  to  Hastings.  In  the  front  row 
are  (1.  to  r.)  Lord  Sydney,  the  Duke  of  Grafton,  and  (between  two  un- 
identified peers)  Lord  Bathurst.  An  ox  with  the  head  of  Lord  Lansdowne, 
his  horns  tipped  to  prevent  mischief,  stands  (r.)  outside  the  pen  which 
he  tries  to  enter,  his  eyes  slyly  fixed  on  Thurlow  (cf.  No.  73 11).  Others 
cannot  be  identified.  The  Opposition  peers  include  the  Duke  of  Portland 
(who  glares  fiercely  at  Sydney),  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  Lord  Carlisle,  and 
Lord  Stormont.  They  are  being  driven  by  a  fierce-looking  drover  (1.) ;  a 
dog  wearing  a  peer's  robe,  his  collar  inscribed  Mountford,  barks  at  them. 
On  the  extreme  1.  Hastings,  dressed  as  a  butcher  but  wearing  a  turban, 
riding  (r.  to  1.)  a  miserable  horse  fit  only  for  the  knacker  (the  horse  of 
Hanover),  carries  off  a  calf  with  the  profile  of  George  HI,  its  forelegs  tied 

'  The  ermine  is  apparent  only  in  the  coloured  impression. 

482 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

together.  He  whips  his  horse  ferociously.  Behind  him  is  a  pawnbroker's 
shop-window,  with  three  balls  and  the  sign  Money  Lent.  In  the  middle  of 
the  cattle-pens  (r.)  is  a  bell  (that  of  the  Market)  on  a  post,  a  man  ( ?  George 
Rose)  wearing  a  bag-wig  pulls  the  bell-rope,  looking  round  with  a  cynical 
smile.  Undifferentiated  ministerial  cattle  at  the  back  of  the  pens  push  with 
their  horns  at  a  watchman's  box  which  they  are  overturning.  Three  men 
dressed  as  watchmen,  seated  on  the  roof  (which  they  have  climbed  to 
escape  the  cattle),  drop  staff,  lantern,  and  rattle  and  are  about  to  fall  off; 
they  are  Fox,  Burke,  and  Sheridan. 

The  background  is  formed  by  buildings;  the  pawnshop  (1.)  adjoins  a 
large  inn  behind  the  cattle,  a  house  at  the  corner  of  Smithfield  and  Cow 
LanCj  which  diverges  on  the  r.  It  is  the  sign  of  the  Crown ;  in  a  balcony 
over  the  large  gateway  which  leads  to  the  courtyard  sit  Dundas  (1.)  and 
Pitt  (r.),  much  at  their  ease,  facing  each  other  in  profile,  regardless  of  the 
turmoil  below.  They  are  smoking  and  have  foaming  tankards  marked  with 
a  crown ;  Dundas  is  in  Highland  dress,  Pitt  is  dressed  as  an  English  farmer 
or  drover.  On  the  balcony  is :  Good  Entertainment  for  Man  and  Beast. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched:  ''Every  Man  has  his  Price'\  Sir  R  Walpole^ 
and  ''Sic  itur  ad  astra^\ 

The  implication  appears  to  be  that  the  majority  of  the  peers  are  favour- 
able to  Hastings  for  venal  motives,  see  No.  7300,  &c.  (Lansdowne,  who 
had  become  hostile  to  Pitt,  was  a  strong  supporter  of  Hastings,  see  Fitz- 
maurice.  Life  of  Shelburney  1876,  iii.  476.)  Thurlow  is  the  open  agent  of 
this  bribery  (see  No.  7278,  &c.),  while  Pitt  and  Dundas  sit  above  the  melee 
in  apparent  unconcern.  Fox,  Burke,  and  Sheridan,  important  watchmen, 
are  overthrown;  Hastings  dominates  the  King.  For  the  trial  see  No. 
7269,  &c.    Cf.  No.  7152. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  98.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  36. 
ii|Xi7f  in. 


THE    POLITICAL-BANDITTI    ASSAILING   THE    SAVIOUR   OF 
INDIA. 

Published  iy88,  by  Will'"  Holland  N'^  50  Oxford  St 

A  reissue  of  No.  6955  with  an  altered  imprint. 

7311  THE  CONTRAST.     '^ 

Pu¥  May  3''^  ,  iy88  in  Dover  Street  London. 

Engraving.  A  medallion  on  which  are  the  heads,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  of 
Thurlow  and  Lansdowne,  that  of  Thurlow  superimposed  on  that  of 
Lansdowne.  The  former  scowls,  the  latter  smiles  sardonically.  Below  the 
heads  is  written  in  a  contemporary  hand  'Gruff'  and  *Malagrida'  (cf. 
No.  6006,  &c.). 

Thurlow  was  known  to  be  a  supporter  of  Hastings  (cf.  No.  7278,  &c.); 
Lansdowne,  though  also  his  supporter  (see  No.  7310),  had  taken  no  part 
in  his  defence,  and  had  opposed  the  Declaratory  Bill  (see  No.  7280,  &c.). 
Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  227,  256  ff.  The  design  appears  to  be  an  imitation  of 
Sayers's  famous  Coalition  Medal^  No.  6183. 
Diam.  6jg  in. 

483 


CATALOGUE   OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL   SATIRES 

7312  THE  BOW  TO  THE  THRONE,— ALIAS— THE  BEGGING 
BOW. 

yS  ft  [Gilhay.] 

Pu¥  May  &^  1788.  by  S.  W.  Fores.  N<>  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  parody  of  No.  7309.  Warren  Hast- 
ings, seated  on  a  close-stool  containing  guineas,  his  feet  resting  on  a  stool, 
leans  forward,  a  bag  of  Pagodas  in  his  1.  hand,  of  Roopees  in  his  r.,  which 
he  hands  to  Thurlow  and  Pitt  respectively,  who  bow  before  him  with 
hands  outstretched  to  take  the  money-bags.  He  says.  Dear  Gentlemen  this 
is  too  little  your  modesty  really  distresses  me.  He  wears  oriental  dress  with 
a  crown  on  his  turban.  On  his  seat  is  a  reversed  crown.  Queen  Charlotte 
(in  place  of  Burke)  grovels  on  the  floor,  kissing  Hastings's  toe ;  she  clasps 
a  large  money-bag  inscribed  ^200000 ;  under  her  1.  arm  is  a  box  inscribed 
Bu[ls'\e  (see  No.  6966,  &c.).  George  III  (in  place  of  Francis)  emerges  from 
the  ground  behind  Hastings,  clutching  a  great  heap  of  guineas  which  is 
piled  on  the  floor ;  his  1.  arm  is  in  the  close-stool,  taking  out  guineas ;  he 
says,  /  am  at  the  Bottom  of  it.  In  place  of  the  wigs  and  swords  of  No.  7309 
are  hats  held  out  to  be  filled  with  gifts :  a  pair  of  hands  (in  the  Windsor 
uniform)  holds  out  a  hunting-cap  (probably  intended  for  one  of  the  King's 
equerries) ;  a  hand  holds  out  a  three-cornered  hat,  a  hand  in  a  lawn  sleeve 
holds  out  a  mitre,  a  hand  in  a  similar  sleeve  holds  out  a  mortar-board  cap. 
These  are  inscribed  Turbce  ccetera.  The  insignia  of  the  Garter  are  simi- 
larly inscribed.  On  the  wall  behind  Hastings  is  a  picture  (1.)  of  a  vast 
human  body  emerging  from  the  summit  of  a  mountain  scattering  coins  to 
a  crowd  of  kneeling  suppliants.  The  frame  is  inscribed : 

*'Out  it  came — 

''Not  a  little  tiny  Mouse,  but  a  Mountain  of  delight 

After  the  title  is  etched :  Mew  mew  mew,  fal  lal  &c  &c 
One  of  many  satires  accusing  Pitt,  Thurlow,  and  the  King  and  Queen 
of  supporting  Hastings  for  venal  motives.  See  Nos.  6966,  6978, 7139, 7^73 » 
7278,  &c.  For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c.  The  Prince's  bow  to  the  throne 
at  the  trial  was  much  admired,  see  No.  7439.  For  the  signature  cf.  No. 
7146. 
7|Xiofin. 

7313  GALANTE  SHOW       "REDEUNT  SPECTACULA  MANE" 
7  5/ [Bayers.] 

Publ^  &^  May  iy88  by  T  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Aquatint.  Burke  (T.Q.L.)  as  a  showman  bends  over  his  magic  lantern  in 
profile  to  the  r.  In  the  upper  part  of  the  design  is  a  draped  sheet  on  which 
are  the  objects  thrown  by  the  lantern.  These  are  (1.  to  r.):  [i]  an  oddly 
shaped  elephant  chained  to  a  stake  inscribed  A  Benares  Flea.  [2]  Three 
mountains  piled  one  upon  the  other,  inscribed  respectively,  Ossa,  Peliony 
Olympus;  the  whole  is  A  Begum  Wart.  [3]  Four  large  eyes  dripping  tears 
float  half-submerged  in  the  water  they  have  produced,  inscribed.  Begums 
Tears.   [4]  A  whale  spouting  is  An  Ouzle. 

From  the  r.  side  of  the  magic  lantern  the  end  of  a  slide  (or  slider,  cf. 
No.  6287)  emerges;  on  it  is  an  oriental  seated  cross-legged  and  smoking. 
Next  the  lantern  (r.)  are  the  heads  and  shoulders  of  two  spectators  in  back 

484 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

view  who  are  applauding;  one  says  finely  imagined;  the  other,  poor  Ladies 
they  have  cried  their  Eyes  out.  The  profil  perdu  of  Lord  Derby  appears  on 
the  extreme  r.,  saying,  very  like  an  Ouzle  [weasel]. 

'*Polonius'*  [Hamlet,  iii.  ii.] 

Below  the  title  is  etched  Tuesdays  Wednesdays  and  Thursdays  (the  days 
on  which  the  court  sat  during  the  early  part  of  the  trial,  cf.  No.  7326). 

One  of  several  satires  by  Sayers  on  the  rhetorical  exaggerations  of 
Burke,  see  No.  7302,  &c.  It  covers  the  first  two  charges,  the  Benares 
charge  and  the  charge  on  the  Begums  of  Oudh.  For  the  trial  see  No. 
7269,  &c. 

George  Forster,  describing  English  caricatures  c.  1790,  selects  this 
print  for  comment:  'L'orateur  Burke,  montrant  la  lanterne  magique,  est 
dans  ce  genre  une  des  plus  heureuses  idees  qu'on  ait  con^ues  depuis  long- 
temps.  L'honorable  membre  fait  voir  aux  deux  lords  une  puce  du  Bengale 
grosse  comme  une  montagne,  et  il  faut  convenir  que  c'est  une  critique  assez 
gaie  de  son  eloquence  hyperbolique,  ainsi  que  de  ses  continuelles  clameurs 
contre  le  gouverneur-general  Hastings.'  Voyage  en  Angleterre  .  . .  en  17 go 
[n.d.],  p.  244.   See  No.  7314,  a  parody  by  Gillray  of  this  design. 

The  World y  12  May  1788:  A  very  happy  caricature  is  about  to  make  its 
appearance — Burke  vnth  a  Magick  Lantern.  .  .  . 
61^X51  in. 

7313  a  Another  (almost  identical)  version  of  the  design,  with  the  same 
signature  and  inscriptions  except  that  the  quotation  marks  in  the  title  and 
enclosing  Polonius  are  omitted. 

7314  CAMERA-OBSCURA  —MINOR  FUIT  INFAMIA  VERO— 
J^./^Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  9'*  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N.  3  Piccadilly 

Aquatint.  The  design  follows  that  of  No.  73 13  which  it  parodies.  Hastings 
(T.Q.L.),  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holds  out  his  hands  to  demonstrate  the 
objects  which  are  seen  in  the  diminishing  rays  of  his  camera  obscura,  and 
which  reflect  (in  the  foreground)  the  objects  from  the  upper  part  of  the 
design.  These  are  [i]  an  Elephant  chained  to  a  British  flag  devouring  an 
Indian  and  trampling  on  the  body  of  another ;  [2]  Mount  Ossa,  a  conical 
mountain.  [3]  Begums  in  Tears :  a  British  officer  raises  his  sword  to  smite 
a  kneeling  Indian  woman  whom  he  holds  by  the  hair ;  other  women  kneel 
at  his  feet ;  on  the  ground  is  a  decapitated  infant.  A  wagon,  with  a  British 
flag,  inscribed  Plunder  drives  off  in  the  background.  [4]  a  Whale  spouting. 

In  the  rays  of  the  camera  obscura  these  objects,  much  reduced,  are 
respectively  inscribed:  a  Flea,  a  Wart.  Skin^d  Mice.  An  Ouzle.  Three 
persons  (H.L.)  stand  on  the  r.  watching  the  reflected  scenes:  Thurlow 
says  Charmingly  diminished.  Queen  Charlotte,  decked  with  jewels,  clasps 
her  hands,  saying  with  a  pleased  smile.  Poor  Mice!  I  shall  cry  my  Eyes  out. 
George  III  looks  through  an  opera-glass,  saying,  ^'Very  like  an  Ouzle". 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched,  as  in  No.  7313,  Tuesdays  Wednesdays  & 
Thursdays. 

The  allegations  resemble  those  in  No.  7312,  also  a  parody  of  a  print 
by  Sayers.  For  the  signature  cf.  No.  7146. 

Grego,  Gillray^  p.  99. 
6AX5igin. 

485 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7315  CHEYT-SYNGS,  GHOST. 

Pu¥  May  g  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Hastings  (r.)  shrinks  in  terror  at  the 
apparition  of  Chait  Singh  (1.)  who  emerges  from  clouds,  a  rope  round  his 
neck,  his  1.  hand  raised  threateningly.  His  turban  is  inscribed  Cheyt  Sing. 
They  stand  on  opposite  sides  of  a  rectangular  table  covered  with  a  fringed 
cloth,  behind  which  sits  a  lady  reading  a  book  which  lies  on  the  table: 
The  State  of  India.  Her  dress  and  large  feathered  hat  are  heavily  decked 
with  jewels.  Hastings,  who  wears  oriental  dress  with  a  jewelled  turban, 
has  overturned  his  chair;  on  its  back  are  the  initials  W  H.  Two  Indian 
servants  (r.)  stand  behind  Hastings.  In  the  centre  of  the  wall,  behind  the 
lady,  are  shelves  on  which  are  money-bags,  some  inscribed  Rupees  and 
Pagod[as'\,  jewels,  and  a  large  turban  inscribed  Cheyt  Syng. 

A  generalized  attack  on  Hastings  relating  to  the  first  or  Benares  charge 
of  the  impeachment.  The  rope  round  the  raja's  neck  suggests  that  he  has 
been  confused  with  Nandakumar,  cf.  No.  7265.    For  Chait  Singh  see 
No.  6277.  For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c. 
SJXisftin. 

7316  THE   EXAMINATION   OF   SR   ELIJAH   IMPEY  AT   THE 
TRYAL  OF  MR  HASTINGS  [May  1788.] 

J^N  [Nixon.] 

Engraving.  Impey  stands  full-face  in  the  witness-box,  his  r.  hand  on  his 
breast,  under  his  coat.  On  his  r.  is  the  Managers'  box:  Burke  on  the 
extreme  1.,  Fox,  with  an  angry  scrowl,  grasps  the  edge  of  the  box,  as  does 
( ?)  Sheridan.  A  fourth  Manager  ( .?  Elliot)  turns  his  back  on  Impey,  look- 
ing at  Burke.  Two  men  are  seated  on  Impey 's  1.,  one  of  whom  resembles 
Hastings.  On  the  extreme  r.  are  two  counsel.  In  front,  below  the  Managers' 
box,  are  two  peers,  one  resembles  Lord  Heathfield,  the  other  looks  through 
an  eye-glass.  Two  other  peers  are  on  the  extreme  r.  A  clerk  or  short- 
hand writer  close  to  Impey  writes  busily. 

On  6  May  1788  Impey  was  examined  on  the  disaffection  of  the  Begums 
and  the  rebellion  in  Benares;  his  evidence  tended  to  the  discomfiture  of 
the  Managers,  and  was  the  occasion  of  an  outburst  from  Burke.  Trial  of 
Hastings^  1796,  pp.  51-3.  He  was  also  called  on  21  May  (when  he  was 
attacked  by  Fox)  and  22  May.  Ibid.,  pp.  63-6.  Cf.  No.  7285,  &c.  Similar 
in  manner  and  design  to  No.  7304. 
4X8Jin. 

7317  QUARREL  &  RECONCILIATION. 
[Dent.]  Executed  confessedly  by  Tipple. 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  May  14^  iy88  as  the  Act  diret  [sic].    Sold  by  W 
Moore  N"  48  New  Bond  Street  &  W  Dickie  Strand 

Engraving.  A  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons.  Two  men  stand  on  the 
floor  of  the  House  shaking  hands :  a  tall  stout  man  (the  large  and  uncouth 
Sir  James  Johnstone,  M.P.  for  Dumfries)  (r.),  holding  his  hat  and  a  thick 
walking-stick,  takes  the  hand  of  a  small  slim  man  wearing  a  star  (Lord 

486 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

Mornington).'  The  former  says,  frowning,  Damn  me  if  I  make  submission! 
The  latter  answers,  Then  Dem  me  if  I  fight  you!  On  the  extreme  r.  is  the 
Speaker  in  his  chair  holding  out  his  hat  and  saying  Order^  Order^  order. 
Pitt  (1.),  by  the  table,  says,  bowing  politely  to  Fox  who  stands  opposite 
him,  /  think  some  concession  necessary.  Fox,  equally  polite,  answers 
undoubtedly.  Behind  (1.)  are  the  ministerial  benches.  Kenyon  stands, 
saying,  O  fie  Gentlemen,  dont  talk  of  the  morning.  A  seated  member  with 
remarkably  bushy  eyebrows,  holding  a  thick  tasselled  cane,  says,  Pray 
make  it  up,  do  pray.   On  the  ground  (r.)  is  a  paper:  Proxy  to  attend  during 

Prayers  for  Sir  J J .  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  A  whole  Assembly 

could  not  make  up  a  Quarrel  between  the  Lacedemonian  Orator,  and  a  Knight 
of  St.  Patrick,  till  the  latter  thought  of  an  if,  as,  if  you  had  said  so  elsewhere, 
then  I  had  done  so  and  so;  and  they  shook  hands,  and  swore  Brothers — your 
if  is  the  only  peace-maker — much  virtue  in  if Parody  from  As  you  like  it — 

See  the  Debates  of  last  Friday — 

Subsequent  Apology 
After  the  last  words  is  etched  a  wine-bottle. 

On  9  May  1788,  during  a  debate  on  the  proposed  impeachment  of 
Impey,  Sir  James  Johnstone,  M.P.  for  Dumfries,  entered  'rather  inflamed 
with  liquor'  and  complained  that  a  gentleman  had  taken  the  seat  in  which 
he  had  placed  his  hat  and  a  piece  of  paper  with  his  name ;  having  been  at 
prayers  he  claimed  the  seat  according  to  the  order  of  the  House.  Mr. 
Sumner  said  *he  had  found  the  seat  unoccupied,  without  either  paper  or 
hat,  and  he  was  only  prevented  from  giving  it  up  by  the  manner  in  which 
it  was  asked  for'.  Mornington  intervened  and  Johnstone  spoke  offensively 
to  him  and  to  Sumner.  Pitt  then  called  upon  Johnstone  to  apologize  to 
Mornington,  and  was  supported  by  the  Speaker;  Johnstone,  however, 
threatened  Mornington,  but  was  induced  to  apologize  by  the  Speaker  and 
by  Mornington's  conciliatory  attitude.  London  Chronicle,  12  May  1788. 
The  disturbance  to  the  debate,  which  lasted  till  after  7  a.m.,  is  mentioned 
by  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  1874,  i.  202,  and  Burges,  Letters  and  Correspon- 
dence, 1885,  pp.  99-100. 
8|X7iin. 

7318  INSTALLATION. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Dent  May  14*^  iy88.   Sold  by  W  Dickie, 
opposite  Exeter  change,  Strand  &  W  Moore  N'^  48  New  Bond  Street, 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  installation  of  the  Knights  of  the  Bath,  anticipa- 
ting the  actual  installation  on  19  May.  George  III  as  a  stable-boy  or  groom 
leads  to  their  stalls  asses  with  human  heads  wearing  the  feathered  hats  worn 
by  the  Knights  at  an  installation.  Their  saddle-cloths,  decorated  with  a 
star,  represent  the  mantle  of  the  order.  A  row  of  stalls  is  occupied  by  asses 
whose  hind  quarters  and  the  feathers  of  their  hats  only  are  visible.  The 
King  wears  a  hunting-cap  and  boots  with  huge  spurs;  in  his  1.  hand  are 
a  pitchfork  and  a  sieve  inscribed  S*  George.  He  holds  a  rope  inscribed 
Honor  attached  to  the  neck  of  an  ass  which  is  walking  through  a  deep  horse- 

^  He  is  identified  by  E.  Hawkins  as  Johnstone,  but  the  account  of  the  dispute 
in  the  London  Chronicle  makes  it  clear  that  he  is  Lord  Mornington,  K.P.,  M.P.  for 
Windsor,  who  was  abused  by  Johnstone,  not  by  Sumner  (whose  name  is  given  to 
Johnstone). 

487 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

pond  in  the  1.  corner  of  the  stable.  Behind  the  ass's  ears  are  large  quill 
pens  inscribed  War  Office,  showing  that  he  is  Sir  George  Yonge,  one  of  the 
Knights  elect.  Another  ass  follows  him  into  the  pond,  probably  Sir 
Alexander  Hood,  the  other  new  Knight.  A  pair  of  asses  (r.)  walk  in  pro- 
cession, having  passed  the  King ;  one  has  the  profile  of  the  man  identified 
in  No.  7330  as  Sir  George  Yonge.  On  their  hind  legs  are  huge  spurs  like 
those  worn  by  the  King.  On  a  low  wall  behind  the  horse-pond  sits  a 
demon  holding  up  an  oval  standard  bearing  a  star  and  the  word  Bath ;  on 
it  is  poised  a  small  figure  of  Fame  holding  up  a  star.  On  each  side  of  the 
demon  is  a  naked  infant,  one  with  a  watchman's  rattle,  the  other  with  a 
trumpet. 

The  back  walls  of  the  stable,  which  represent  the  stalls  of  the  Knights 
in  Henry  VH's  Chapel  in  Westminster  Abbey,  are  decorated  with  emblems 
of  their  occupants.  In  each  is  also  a  standard ;  that  of  the  first  stall  on  the 
extreme  1.  is  inscribed  Plenipotarian  Donkey.  Behind  the  star  of  the  Bath 
are  crossed  documents  inscribed  Treaty  and  the  motto  Humility.  These 
indicate  Sir  James  Harris  (K.B.  1779),  who  was  appointed  Ambassador 
Extraordinary  and  Plenipotentiary  to  the  States  General  on  14  March  1788 
and  negotiated  the  treaty  signed  at  The  Hague  on  15  April  1788.  The 
motto  of  the  next  stall  is  Duplicity  \  its  standard  is  Governarian  Donkey. 
These  probably  indicate  Lord  Dorchester  (Sir  Guy  Carleton,  K.B.  1776). 
The  word  Flattery ,  with  crossed  cannons  and  the  standard  Popularian 
Donkey y  probably  indicate  Lord  Heathfield,  K.B.  1783,  possibly  Rodney, 
K.B.  1780.  Crossed  pens,  the  motto  Servility,  and  the  standard  Scratcha- 
tarian  Donkey  indicate  the  occupant  of  the  next  stall.  The  last  stall  (r.) 
has  broadswords,  the  motto  Impudence,  and  the  standard  Cudgelarian 
Donkey.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  a  dog  befouls  papers  inscribed  Sincerity, 
Wisdom,  Modest  Merit,  and  Independence.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Like  as  pretty  little  Boys 

Joyful  jump  for  triffling  toys. 

Great  Men  will,  for  Star  and  Sash 

Thro"  horse-pond,  like  Asses,  splash. 
For  the  Installation  see  London  Chronicle,  20  May  1788.  For  the  Knights 
of  the  Bath  in  1788  see  Royal  Kalendar  1789,  pp.  73-4.  See  also  No.  7330. 
ioJXi7jin. 

7319  THE  CHILDREN  OF  INDIA  WORSHIPING  THE  GOLDEN 
CALF. 

Published  May  13.  iy88,  by  J.  Berry,  N°  I2g,  Oxford  Road. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Indian  men  and  women  kneel  before 
a  large  rectangular  pedestal  on  which  stands  a  golden  calf  with  the  head  of 
Hastings.  Three  Indians  lie  on  the  pedestal  at  Hastings's  feet,  making 
gestures  of  despair  and  entreaty.  From  his  mouth  protrudes  a  sword  (1.) 
inscribed  The  Brand  of  Devastation.  On  his  back  sits  Wilkes  facing  the 
tail  (r.)  which  he  lifts  with  one  hand ;  in  the  other  is  the  cap  of  Liberty  in 
which  he  catches  large  jewels  excreted  by  the  Golden  Calf.  He  wears  a 
livery  gown  and  says : 

Who  would  not  wipe  a  Calfs  Backside 
To  gain  the  Sparks  of  Eastern  Pride 
At  the  Calf's  feet  lie  a  crown,  sceptre,  and  orb,  with  ( ?)  scimitars. 

On  the  ground  and  on  the  extreme  1.  a  well-dressed  man  stands  before 

488 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

an  altar  holding  a  knife  which  drips  blood  over  the  altar;  he  says,  pointing 
to  an  Indian  who  lies  at  his  feet,  stabbed  through  the  heart : 
When  British  Judges  rule  the  Coast 

The  Natives  must  obey 
No  palliative  means  we  boast 

By  G you  die  or  pay 

In  the  foreground  (r.)  stand  Thurlow  and  a  military  officer.  The 
Chancellor,  who  wears  his  wig  and  robe,  is  blindfolded ;  in  his  r.  hand  he 
holds  erect  the  Sword  of  Justice y  which  is  being  taken  from  him  by  the 
officer  who  holds  a  diamond  against  the  blade.  In  Thurlow 's  1.  hand  is  a 
bag  inscribed  Gold  Moors ;  he  says : 

Which  Powerful  God  my  wavering  mind  controuls 
And  my  Sage  Brows  with  Golden  bands  infolds 
*Tis  Mammons  self  I  can  be  Just  no  more 
Take  thou  the  Sword  give  me  the  Golden  Store 
The  officer,  who  wears  a  wallet  or  haversack  inscribed  Diamonds^  says : 
So  shall  we  Triumph  while  the  Diamond's  smile 
Can  melt  the  Soul  and  Justice's  beguile. 
Three  Indians  who  kneel  in  the  foreground  below  the  pedestal  of  the 
Golden  Calf  are  offering  money  (a  bag  inscribed  Gold  Moors)  and  jewel- 
boxes  to  Hastings. 

A  generalized  satire  on  Hastings,  on  the  impeachment,  and  on  officers 
of  the  East  India  Company  (cf.  No.  6277).  F^^  ^^^  ^^i^^  see  No.  7269,  &c. 
For  allegations  against  Thurlow  see  No.  7278,  &c.  An  allegorical  design, 
not  a  caricature. 
i6JX2oJin. 

7320  STATE-JUGGLERS, 

J^./if.  [Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  i&^  1788,  by  S.  W,  Fores.  N'>  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  ^Pitt,  Hastings,  and 
Thurlow,  the  State  Jugglers,  are  on  a  platform  outside  the  gate  of  St. 
James's  Palace.  Above  the  gate  projects  the  sign  of  the  Crown  inn,  across 
which  rests  a  plank  forming  a  see-saw;  on  this  the  King  (r.)  as  Punch  sits 
facing  Queen  Charlotte,  dressed  as  Judy. or  Mother  Shipton;  she  takes  a 
pinch  of  snuif,  the  King  holds  out  his  hands  as  if  in  disapproval. 

A  crowd  of  suppliants  surrounds  the  platform.  Pitt,  bending  towards 
them,  pulls  ribbons  from  his  mouth ;  three  men  on  the  extreme  1.  hold  out 
their  arms  eagerly :  one  is  a  naval  officer,  a  Log  Book  under  his  arm  shows 
that  he  is  Sir  Alexander  Hood,  see  No.  5536,  K.B.  elect,  see  No.  7318.  The 
second  is  Wilkes ;  the  third  cannot  be  identified.  Hastings  kneels  between 
Pitt  and  Thurlow,  his  hands  crossed  humbly  on  his  breast,  a  copious 
stream  of  coins  issues  from  his  mouth.  Dundas,  Lansdowne,  Sydney,  a 
bishop,  and  a  fifth  suppliant  hold  out  their  hats  eagerly  to  catch  the  coins. 
Thurlow  stands  erect,  his  hands  on  his  hips,  flames  and  smoke  issuing  from 
his  mouth  inscribed  Hell-FirCy  my  Souly  Dam^  Blasts  Eyes,  Heaven,  Curse, 
Limbs,  Blood.  A  little  chimney-sweep^  and  a  ragged  fishwife,  a  basket  of 
fish  on  her  head,  stand  gazing  at  him  with  wonder  and  admiration.  On  the 

^  The  sweep  is  said  to  represent  Frederick  Montagu,  one  of  the  Commissioners 
in  Fox's  India  Bill.  Wright  and  Evans. 

489 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

extreme  r.,  at  the  side  of  the  platform,  Fox,  supported  on  the  shoulders 
of  Burke,  slyly  holds  out  his  hat  behind  Thurlow ;  Sheridan  ( ?)^  supports 
them.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

^'Who  wrought  such  wonders  as  might  make 
^^ Egyptian  sorcerers  forsake 
^' Their  baffled  mockeries y  &  ozvn 
"  The  palm  of  magick  our's  alone J*^  ChurcU^ 
A  satire  on  the  trial  of  Hastings,  see  No.  7269,  &c.,  and  on  the  eagerness 
of  both  parties  for  money  and  decorations,  perhaps  suggested  by  No.  5109 
(1773).    Thurlow  was  noted  for  his  violent  language,  cf.  Probationary 
Odes,  No.  xvi: 

Once  more,  with  mightier  oaths,  by  G — d  I  swear! 
For  the  signature  cf.  No.  7146. 
Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  100.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  39. 
i2AX9fin. 

7321  THE  TRIAL.    Vide  Merchant  of  Venice. 
J  Hfed  1788 

[James  Hook.] 

Pu¥  May  if^  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores,  N.  3.  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  trial  of  Hastings 
is  represented  as  the  trial  scene  in  the  Merchant  of  Venice.  In  the  centre 
Thurlow  sits  on  a  dais  under  his  canopy  of  state.  On  the  1.  is  the  Managers' 
box,  on  the  r.  are  Hastings,  his  counsel,  peers,  &c.  In  the  foreground  (1.) 
stands  Fox,  as  Shylock,  theatrically  clasping  a  knife ;  he  wears  a  long  gown 
or  coat  and  has  a  Jewish  appearance.  Opposite  him  stands  Hastings's 
leading  counsel.  Law,  as  Portia,  holding  a  purse  inscribed  Roopees,  and 
turning  sternly  to  Fox  while  he  points  towards  Hastings  (Antonio),  who 
stands  timidly  on  the  r.,  wearing  oriental  dress  with  a  small  crown  on  his 
feathered  turban.  On  the  extreme  r.  Hastings's  other  counsel,  Plumer  and 
Dallas,  are  seated  on  low  stools  intently  watching  the  proceedings.  In  the 
Managers'  box  Burke,  on  the  extreme  1.,  and  Sheridan  seated  next  him 
are  conspicuous.  Derby,  in  peer's  robes,  stands  in  back  view  beside 
Thurlow 's  seat  inspecting  the  (invisible)  audience  through  an  eye-glass. 
On  the  opposite  side  (r.)  George  III  stares  through  an  opera-glass.  Other 
peers  stand  behind  Hastings  and.  his  counsel.  Thurlow  scowls  ferociously 
at  Fox.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Shylock.  My  deeds  upon  my  head,  I  crave  the  Law^* 
Anthonio.  He  seeks  my  Life,  his  reason  well  I  know." 
See  No.  7269,  &c.  For  this  print  see  Angelo,  Reminiscences,  1904,  i.  325. 
i3|X2iJin. 

7322  REGUM   ET   REGINARUM   HI    SUNT   GLORIOSISSIMI 
GESTUS 

For  a  description  see  the  next  leaf  to  the  Title 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  for  Charles  Stalker,  N^  4  Stationers 
Court,  May  21'*  iy88. 

Engraving.    Apparently  the  frontispiece  of  a  book.    Two  emblematical 

tombstones,  one  of  George  III  (1.),  the  other  of  Queen  Charlotte  (r.).  At 

*  Identified  by  Wright  and  Evans  as  the  Duke  of  Norfolk. 

490 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

the  apex  of  each  is  an  oval  medalHon  with  profile  heads  facing  each  other. 
Below  is  a  scene  representing  their  respective  occupations.  Below  this 
again  is  an  inscription  in  an  oval.  Arranged  round  each  stone  are  eight 
small  circles  containing  emblems. 

The  profile  head  of  the  King  is  inscribed  Nimrod  What!  What!  What! 
(his  well-known  phrase,  cf.  No.  7515).  Beneath  is  a  stag-hunt.  Below  a 
sceptre  and  birch-rod  is  engraved :  Lfnderneath  are  entombed  the  Remains 

of  the  Wonder  Hunting  Monarch *  *  *  In  Wisdom  a  second  Solomon! 

a  Daniel!  One  of  the  four  wise  Kings  of  Europe!  Oh!  ye  Descendants  of  Midas 
revere  his  memory^  for  unto  you  it  belongeth  to  save  it  from  annihilation. 
Great  was  his  knowledge!  his  lacteal  knowledge!  his  farming  knowledge!  & 
his  saving  knowledge!  but  alas!  these  (Economical  Virtues  are  no  more  .... 
[&c.  &c.]. 

In  the  circles  round  the  tomb  are :  a  cup  and  ball  and  a  rattle,  inscribed 
Otium  cum  Dignitate;  a  plough;  a  child's  head  wearing  a  crown  and  bells; 
an  ass  inscribed  Midas ;  a  scantily  dressed  man  kicking  a  crown ;  a  hunting- 
cap  wreathed  with  laurel  and  a  whip;  a  cradle;  a  setting  sun  inscribed 
/  am  set. 

The  Queen's  profile  is  inscribed  The  Pofs  boiled  over  Pot!  Pot!  Pot! 
Beneath  are  money-bags  inscribed  Goldj  Silvery  Halfpence^  Farthings. 
Below  a  crossed  shovel  and  saveall  is  engraved :  Also  is  entered  in  the  same 
Vault  what  remaineth  of  the  mortal  part  of  his  beloved  Consort  Who  proved 
herself  one  of  the  best  House-keepers  in  his  Majesty's  Dominions  .  .  .  [etc.  etc.] 
Unhappily  one  Day  inspecting  the  soundness  of  a  Washing  Tuby  she  fell  in 
and  was  drowned  in  the  SudSy  a  Martyr  to  her  Virtues. 

In  the  circles  round  the  tomb  are:  A  woman  at  a  wash-tub,  with 
Britannia's  shield  and  spear  beside  her;  the  bars  of  a  fireplace  behind 
which  is  a  vase  of  flowers  (indicating  the  penury  of  an  empty  grate  in  cold 
weather,  cf.  No.  81 17);  a  lyre  and  music-book  inscribed  Ancient  Music 
(cf.  No.  7163);  a  man  carrying  a  sack;  a  Jew  counting  money;  a  cat;  a  man 
holding  a  saveall  (see  No.  6965) ;  a  man  playing  the  fiddle  and  capering, 
inscribed  Germany  for  ever. 

Beneath  each  tombstone  six  lines  of  verse  are  engraved,  beginning 
respectively. 

Where  farming  knowledgCy  wonderful  to  say, 
and 

Pounds y  Shillings y  Pence y  she  exactly  counted.   [Cf.  No.  7301.] 

The  verses  appear  to  be  a  feeble  imitation  of  Peter  Pindar.    For  the 
King's  farming  activities  see  No.  6918,  &c.    For  the  Queen's  supposed 
miserliness  see  No.  7836,  &c. 
6 J  X  9  in. 

Two  plates  forming  one  design,  and  so  arranged  that  they  can  be  pasted 
together,  the  title :  Opposition — Coaches. 

7323  OPPOSITION 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  May  20^^  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  stage-coach  drives  (r.  to  1.)  through 
water;  the  four  horses  have  human  heads.   A  signpost  on  the  extreme  r. 

491 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

points  To  the  Slough  of  Despond.  The  driver  is  Burke;  he  lashes  the  horses 
furiously.  On  the  box  under  his  legs  are  the  (broken)  scales  and  sword  of 
Justice  and  a  laurel  wreath.  Fox  sits  on  the  roof  as  the  guard,  holding  a 
blunderbuss.  He  and  Burke  watch  with  alarm  the  horses  who  are  advanc- 
ing into  deeper  water.  The  heads  of  the  horses  are  in  profile ;  Derby  is  the 
off  leader,  Sheridan  the  near  wheeler.  The  near  leader  may  be  Windham. 
The  heads  of  four  passengers  (members  of  the  Opposition),  with  anxious 
or  despairing  expressions,  are  visible  through  the  window.  The  middle 
of  the  three  facing  the  horses  resembles  Portland,  the  man  on  his  r. 
Stormont.  The  man  on  his  1.  is  Francis  (as  in  No.  7330).  Their  vis-a-vis 
may  be  Lord  Carlisle.  On  the  side  of  the  coach,  which  is  Licensed  by  Act  of 
Parliament  J  is  a  crest:  a  bull  (for  John  Bull)  with  the  motto  Pro  Bono 
Publico.  The  basket  at  the  back  is  filled  with  documents  inscribed  Bill  of 
RightSy  Magna  Charta^  Impeachment  of  W.  Hastings.  Beneath  the  design 
is  etched :  O  Liberty!  O  Virtue!  O  my  Country!  Two  bats  and  an  owl  fly 
above  the  horses,  showing  that  night  is  coming  on.  Dark  clouds  obscure 
the  horizon  on  the  1.   For  the  trial  of  Hastings  see  No.  7269,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  100. 
9fXi7jin, 


7324 COACHES. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  2CP'  1788.  by  S.  W,  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  stage-coach  is  driven  (1.  to  r.)  uphill 
at  a  gallop,  the  horses  having  human  heads  as  in  No.  7323.  The  arm  of 
a  signpost  on  the  extreme  1.  points  To  the  Temple  of  Honor.  Thurlow 
drives,  lashing  furiously.  George  HI,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  is  seated  in  the 
boot  at  the  back  of  the  coach  holding  a  musket  with  a  fixed  bayonet.  The 
Queen  sits  on  the  roof  as  an  outside  passenger,  dressed  as  an  old  market- 
woman  ;  she  holds  a  basket  of  Golden  Eggs  on  her  knee,  and  another  basket 
at  her  side  in  which  is  a  goose  which  hisses  at  the  King.  Within  the  coach 
Hastings  (1.)  and  Mrs.  Hastings  (r.)  sit  facing  each  other;  he  is  in  oriental 
dress ;  she  wears  a  jewelled  turban  with  a  crown,  and  her  neck  is  covered 
with  jewels.  The  coach  is  Licensed  by  Royal  Authority ;  on  its  panel  are  the 
royal  arms.  On  the  box  under  Thurlow's  legs  are  a  star  and  ribbon,  a 
coronet,  and  feathers.  The  leaders  have  the  faces  of  Pitt^  and  Sydney,  the 
wheelers  are  Dundas  and  Pepper  Arden.  The  horses  are  galloping  uphill 
and  the  sky  is  clear,  contrasting  with  the  scene  in  No.  7323.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched: 

**The  very  stones  look  up  to  see, 

*^Such  very  gorgeous  Harlotry; 
Shaming  an  honest  Nation. 

The  favour  shown  by  the  rigidly  correct  Queen  to  Mrs.  Hastings,  the 
divorced  wife  of  Baron  Imhoff,  gave  rise  to  scandal.  Cf.  The  Rolliad  on 
the  ivory  bed  'lately  presented  to  her  Majesty  by  Mrs  Hastings'. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  100. 
9|Xi7in. 

*  He  is  identified  in  an  old  hand  as  'Lord  Grenville* :  he  resembles  Pitt;  Grenville 
did  not  become  Secretary  of  State  till  1789,  and  was  made  a  peer  in  1790. 

492 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7325  ILLUSTRATION  BY  SHADE. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  W  Dent  May  23^  iy88  Sold  by  W.  Dickie, 
opposite  Exeter  change,  Strand  &  W  Moore,  N°  48  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Five  persons,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  stand  in  a  row  arranged  1.  to 
r.  and  diagonally,  the  figures  diminishing  in  perspective  from  the  nearest, 
George  III,  who  is  on  the  extreme  1.  They  cast  shadows  which  are  sup- 
posed to  indicate  their  true  characters.  The  King  holds  his  crown  in  both 
hands,  his  shadow  holds  a  box  inscribed  Bulse  (see  No.  6966,  &c.)  and  his 
legs  are  joined  to  his  shoulders,  showing  that  he  has  no  body  and  is 
Nobody  (cf.  No.  5570).  Next  is  Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's  wig  and  robes, 
wearing  a  hat  and  holding  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal.  His  shadow  is  that 
of  a  short  and  very  obese  man  holding  a  money-bag  inscribed  Omnis  (cf. 
No.  7278,  &c.).  The  central  figure  is  Hastings,  in  oriental  dress,  wearing 
a  jewelled  turban  and  holding  a  sword  whose  blade  is  inscribed  Justice. 
His  shadow  is  that  of  a  demon  holding  an  axe  inscribed  Perversion,  Next 
is  Pitt  holding  a  key  (cf.  No.  6564)  to  which  is  attached  a  label  inscribed 
Manhood,  His  shadow  is  a  little  girl  holding  a  rattle  labelled  Childhood 
(cf.  No.  6378).  On  the  extreme  r.  is  Sydney,  holding  a  pen  and  a  document 

inscribed  To  Secretary  of  S .   His  shadow  is  a  headless  man  holding 

a  pen  and  a  paper  addressed  To  Tom  Fool  (cf.  No.  7153). 
7i|xioi|in. 

7326  FATHER  PAUL  &  THE  LAY  PORTER, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  W  Dent  May  26*^  iy88  Sold  by  W,  Dickie, 
opposite  Exeter  change  Strand  &  W.  Moore  N°  48  Nezv  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Burke  (1.),  a  very  thin  'lay  porter',  addresses  Thurlow  (r.), 
who  is  very  obese  and  holds  in  his  1.  a  heart  inscribed  Humanity,  from 
which  a  piece  has  been  broken.  He  is  Father  Paul  in  Sheridan's  Duenna 
(hi.  v).  They  face  each  other  in  profile.  Burke  is  dressed  as  a  monk  (cf. 
No.  6026),  a  rosary  with  a  cross  inscribed  Impeachment  hangs  from  his 
girdle.  In  his  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed  Account  of  expences  attending  a 
Trial .  .  ,  Esq^.  He  says.  We  ask  no  more  than  is  needfull,  and  so  little  have 
we  had,  that  we  are  almost  starved.  Thurlow  answers,  W s  false ;  you  feast 
and  Gormandize,  whilst  we  are  wasting,  (The  words  are  adapted  from  The 
Duenna,)  On  his  goblet,  inscribed  Pleasure,  is  a  scene  of  persons  being 
sabred,  while  a  body  hangs  from  a  gibbet.  Behind  Burke  and  Thurlow  is 
a  curtain  which  cuts  off  part  of  the  room.  Above  it  (centre)  is  the  top  of 
a  jewelled  turban,  as  worn  by  Hastings  in  caricature,  surmounted  by 
feathers  inscribed  Treasury  Warrants,  From  it  ascends  vertically  a  sword 
to  whose  blade  are  attached  horizontal  bunches  of  leaves ;  from  these  hang 
four  hats  inscribed  respectively  Middlet[on],  Impey,  Holt,  Ben,  A  man 
(?  Burges)  looks  through  the  curtain  at  Burke;  in  his  hand  are  two  scrolls: 
Profus[ion],  Oeconomy.   On  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  picture  of  a  bull  inscribed: 

Decided  either  way 

Poor  John  is  sure  to  pay. 
His  blood  gushes  out  in  a  copious  fountain  into  a  pit  inscribed  Private 
Defence,  while  from  another  wound  it  merely  drips  into  a  hole  inscribed 
Public  Prosecution.  The  frame  is  inscribed  John  Bull.  Paymaster.  On  the 

493 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

r.  is  a  placard,  inscribed  Good  Entertainment  Tuesdays^  Wednesdays  & 
Thursdays  (cf.  Nos.  7313,  7314)  and  surmounted  by  a  crown.  After  the 
title  is  etched:  Or  the  particular  State  of  particular  Expences;  Published 
according  to  Act  of  Parliament. 

A  satire  on  the  debate  on  20  May  1788  on  the  expenses  of  Hastings's 
trial,  on  a  motion  by  Burges  of  9  May  that  a  detailed  account  should  be 
laid  before  the  House.  Pari.  Hist.y  xxvii.  492  ff.,  533  ff.  Burges,  Letters 
and  Correspondence,  ed.  Hutton,  1885,  p.  103.  Nathaniel  Middleton  (see  No. 
7327),  Benn,  Holt  (Resident  in  Oude),  and  Impey  had  all  given  evidence  at 
Hastings's  trial.  Trial,  1796,  p.  28,  &c.  It  is  alleged  that  the  expenses  of  the 
defence,  like  those  of  the  prosecution,  will  be  paid  by  John  Bull :  they  were, 
of  course,  paid  by  Hastings;  cf.  No.  7273.  For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c. 
9fX7f  in. 

7327  BAD  MEMORY,  AN  IMPERFECT  WORK. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥byW.DentMay  2y*^  iy88  SoldhyW.Moore,N'>48NewBond  Street 

Engraving.  A  coat  (1.)  in  back  view,  round  whose  waist  is  a  rope  inscribed 
Manager^s.  The  wig  and  the  legs  belonging  to  the  owner  of  the  coat  are 
beside  it;  between  wig  and  legs  are  a  number  of  sealed  letters;  to  these 
objects  and  to  a  heart  inscribed  Truth  strings  are  attached  held  by  Hastings, 
whose  head  and  hands  appear  on  the  extreme  r.  He  says.  But  for  equivoca- 
tion I  had  been  thus  (i.e.  headless,  like  the  wig  to  which  he  points).  The 
wig  is  inscribed  Frontispiece  Index,  the  letters  are  Select  Passages,  the  legs 
are  Loose  Leaves.  On  the  back  of  the  coat  is  a  placard  inscribed  M .  .  .  .n's 
[Middleton 's]  Select  Oriental  Tales.  A  cravat  {})  showing  over  the  1. 
shoulder  is  inscribed  False  Title.  From  the  coat-pockets  jewels  are  falling. 
Beneath  the  title  (and  included  in  the  design)  is  etched : 

An  original  Bengal  Edition,  exceeding  scarce,  if  not  the  only  copy  extant, 
curiously  bound  in  the  Indian  style,  with  handy  clasps,  conveniently  lettered, 

and  most  admirably  gilt of  undoubted  value,  tho*  mutilated  of  the  head, 

middle  and  conclusion,  which  are  said  to  have  been  bought  up  at  a  vast  expence 
for  the  Hastonian  compilation. 

The  above  Work  is  composed  in  Asiatic  Hieroglyphics  {cast  for  the  pur- 
pose,) by  the  celebrated  Scottonian  Genius  [Major  Scott],  and  revised  with 
infinite  art  by  Black  Brow  Brav'em  [Thurlow]. 

A  tramlation  of  the  above  has  been  attempted  by  a  select  committee  of  managing 
Reviewers,  who,  notwithstanding,  the  most  minute  examination,  from  the  dup- 
licity and  blotted  state  of  the  Characters,  have  not  been  able  to  produce  more 
than  a  few  explanatory  notes  from  the  senatorial  Press,  in  the  British  Language, 
towards  clearing  the  Transactions  of  the  East  from  mysterious  Obscurity. 

A  satire  on  the  examination  of  Nathaniel  Middleton  on  7  and  8  May 
1788,  cf.  No.  7326.  His  books  of  correspondence  were  produced,  and  it 
appeared  that  pages  had  been  torn  out  and  loose  pages  placed  among  the 
others.  The  Managers  maintained  that  letters  to  Hastings  had  been 
destroyed  or  suppressed.  Middleton  was  confused  and  agitated  and  was 
accused  by  Sheridan  of  contradicting  himself.  Trial  of  Warren  Hastings, 
1796,  pp.  54-9.  For  the  trial  see  No.  7269,  &c. ;  for  the  allegations  against 
Thurlow  No.  7278,  &c. 
7iX4iin. 

494 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7328  EXHIBITION  OF  THE  TIMES,  CONSISTING  OF  EMBLEMS 
&  CARICATURES  ORIGINAL,  POLITICAL,  HUMOUROUS  AND 
SATIRICAL;  ... 

Plate  the  First. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  WDent  May  30^^  iy88  Sold  by  W  Moore  N°  48  New  Bond 
Street  and  W.  Dickie  opposite  Exeter  change y  Strand,  London. 

Engraving.  Various  objects,  each  with  title  and  inscription,  arranged  in 
four  vertical  columns,  two  being  on  each  side  of  the  central  design  and 
title.  Each  object  has  an  inscription  which  in  many  cases  is  here  omitted. 
The  central  design,  [i]  Chaos,  consists  of  a  man  and  woman  dressed  in  the 
fashion  of  the  day  but  standing  on  their  hands,  their  heads  erect,  their  arms 
taking  the  place  of  legs,  the  lower  part  of  the  body  appearing  to  be  seated 
on  the  shoulders.   The  inscription  is : 

That  Order  which  from  Chaos  rose. 
Returns  to  Chaos  in  our  cloaths 
For  so  fantastic  is  our  dress 
To  find  each  part  we  scarce  can  guess. 

The  woman's  dress  ridicules  the  inflated  'derriere',  see  No.  6874,  &c.,  and 
puffed-out  breast,  see  No.  7099,  &c.   The  other  designs  are : 

[2]  Invisible  Pleasure,  or  the  Ladies  delight.  A  cock  standing  in  a  pair 
of  breeches. 

[3]  A  Nostrum /or  state  quacks.  A  headsman's  axe. 

[4]  Charity.  A  bishop  (H.L.)  clasping  his  hands  and  saying  Blessed  are 
the  Poor.  Motto.  Do  as  I  say,  not  as  I  do. 

[5]  An  Antient  Whig.  A  man  with  a  third  eye  in  place  of  a  nose  to 
show  his  vigilance. 

[6]  Oratory.  A  pair  of  bellows. 

[7]  NuTCRACKES.  A  profile  whose  nose  and  chin  meet. 

[8]  A  Modern  Whig.  A  mask  (?  of  Fox);  inscription: 
In  days  like  these  refin'd 
So  very  cunning  Whigs  are  grown 

As  to  enlarge  the  mind. 
They  wear  a  Face  besides  their  own. 

[9]  Mint  Drops.  Guineas. 

[10]  A  Sound  Lawyer.  A  wig-block  representing  Kenyon  in  profile  to 
ther. 

[i  i]  The  Philosopher's  Stone.  A  jewel  which  fastens  a  woman's  waist- 
belt,  the  fashionable  'cestus'  of  the  day. 

[12]  Orator  Mum's  Head.  An  ass's  head  with  a  human  head  in 
profile  to  the  1.  resembling  Sydney. 

[13]  Reformation.  A  bust  portrait  of  a  man  inscribed  Flint  who  re- 
sembles the  Flint  of  No.  5896.  His  hat  is  inscribed  Pride  \  rays  from  his 
eyes  and  mouth  are  inscribed  Lust,  Austerity,  Profane,  Oaths.  Inscription 
"...  Take  Example  from  those  about  my  Person."  Vide  Proclamation.  (See 
No.  7182.) 

Beneath  the  title  is  an  inscription  to  H.  W.  Bunbury  Esq. — Esto  quod  esse 
videris.   See  No.  7329. 

8JXi5|in.  (pi.). 

495 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 
7329  EXHIBITION  OF  THE  TIMES,  .  .  . 
Plate  the  Second 
[Dent.] 

Engraving.  Title  and  imprint  as  No.  7328.  The  arrangement  follows  that 
of  No.  7328,  except  that  there  are  fourteen  instead  of  thirteen  objects  or 
groups. 

[i]  The  Bulse.   (See  No.  6966.)   George  III  (H.L.)  leans  backwards 

with  closed  eyes,  rays  from  a  large  diamond  striking  his  face.   Behind  the 

diamond  are  clouds  inscribed  Crimes.  He  holds  the  sword  oi  Justice  whose 

blade  is  struck  and  bent  backwards  by  rays  from  the  diamonds.  Inscription : 

The  Bulse  with  brilliance  finCy 

Perception  doth  outshine. 

[2]  Attraction.  A  woman's  leg  wearing  a  shoe  and  clocked  stocking 
and  a  garter  inscribed  above. 

[3]  Mature  Playthings.  A  trophy  of  coronets,  a  staff  of  office,  a  star 

and  entwined  ribbons  inscribed  Thistle^  Patrick^  Garter^  Bathy  and  a  key, 

either  of  the  Treasury  or  'back-stairs'  (cf.  Nos.  6378,  6564).  The  whole  is 

supported  on  a  ribbon  inscribed  Honi .  soit .  qui .  mat .  y  .pense.  Inscription : 

Dignities  unearned  but  defame y 

Merit  alone  preserves  the  name. 

[4]  Dr.  Brookes 's  Elbow  Grease.  A  dice-box  with  two  dice.  An  em- 
blem of  the  gaming  at  Brooks's,  cf.  No.  6013. 

[5]  The  Humbug.  KhottX&lzbeWedDecoctionofCatsvnskers.  Inscription: 
Fit  for  every  body  to  take  but  two. 
The  crafty  Doctor  and  his  Dog  ne'er  do  takcy 
The  Nostrum  invented  for  the  People^  s  sake. 

[6]  Royal  Circus.  A  waning  moon  in  which  is  the  profile  head  of 
George  III. 

[7]  Private  Theatricals  (cf.  No.  7215).  A  petticoat  and  pair  of 
breeches. 

[8]  Opera-fan.  A  fan  on  which  a  cock  and  hen  are  depicted  conceals  the 
heads  of  a  man  and  woman  whose  hair  and  head-dress  appear  above  it. 

[9]  State  Papers.  Four  Court  cards :  The  King  of  Diamonds  (George 
III),  the  King  of  Hearts  (.?  Prince  of  Wales),  the  Knave  of  Clubs  (Pitt 
holding  a  key,  presumably  the  key  of  the  back-stairs,  see  No.  6564,  &c.), 
the  Knave  of  Diamonds  (Thurlow  holding  the  sword  of  Justice,  reversed). 

At  this  time  diamonds  indicate  bribery  by  Hastings,  cf.  No.  6966,  &c. 

[10]  Treasury  Saveall.  An  implement  resembling  a  gridiron  (cf.  No. 
6965,  &c.)  on  whose  handle  is  the  profile  head  of  Pitt.  Inscription : 
This  thing  to  keep  in  order  so  much  does  costy 
That  the  savings  are  exceeded  by  the  Cost. 

Presumably  an  allusion  to  Pitt's  sinking  fund,  see  No.  7551,  &c. 

[11]  Knighthood.  A  face  whose  eyes  are  covered  by  a  nightcap. 
Inscription : 

When  Titles  addressers  do  invite 

To  their  understanding  it's  good  night. 

[12]  Neuter  Gender.  A  man  holding  disconsolately  his  queue  of  hair 
which  has  been  cut  off. 

[13]  Anodyne  Necklace.  A  noose  of  rope. 

496 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

[14]  Definitive   Articles.    A  trophy  composed  of  cannon,   pikes, 
swords,  drums,  &c.,  with  a  French  flag.   Inscription: 

When  jealous  doubts  between  two  crowns  obtain^ 
These  well  known  Articles  with  force  explain. 

Several  inscriptions  are  not  here  transcribed. 
8iXi5iin.(pl.). 

7330  THE  INSTALLATION—  |  —SUPPER,  AS  GIVEN  AT  THE 
PANTHEON,  BY  THE  KNIGHTS  OF  THE  BATH  ON  THE  26™ 
OF  MAY,  1788. 

[Gillray.] 

Publish' d  June  4*^  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores.  N^  3  Piccadilly. 

All  the  Works  of  Bunbury  &  Gillray j  to  be  had  of  S.  W.  ForeSj  N^  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  design  on  four 
plates,  the  prints  to  be  pasted  together  to  form  a  long  strip ;  the  imprint 
is  on  pi.  I,  the  title  on  pi.  2  and  pi.  3,  the  inscription  relating  to  Bunbury, 
&c.,  on  pi.  4.  A  fantastic  representation  of  the  supper  at  the  ball  given 
by  the  eleven  Knights  of  the  Bath  installed  on  19  May  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  see  No.  7318.  Full  accounts  appeared  in  the  newspapers,  and 
the  scene  depicted  appears  intended  for  'the  Prince  of  Wales,  Duke  of 
York,  and  a  select  party  of  their  friends'  who  'supped  privately  in  the 
cotillon  room'.  London  Chronicle^  27  May  1788.  The  guests  sit  on  each 
side  of  a  long  narrow  table,  scantily  provided  with  food,  the  bench  on  the 
near  side  of  the  table  showing  legs  and  feet  in  characteristic  attitudes.  The 
design,  long  as  it  is,  shows  only  a  section  of  the  table,  the  ends  not  appearing. 

[PI.  I.]  On  the  extreme  1.,  on  the  near  side  two  elderly  and  ugly  ladies 
lean  ingratiatingly  towards  Major  Topham,  the  seat  of  whose  breeches  is 
decorated  with  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers.  On  the  opposite  side,  on  the 
extreme  1.,  is  a  couple  identified  as  Sir  J.  Johnstone  and  lady.  He  is  very 
unlike  the  herculean  uncouth  figure  described  by  Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884, 
iv.  404.  Next  (opposite  Topham)  Lord  Bathurst  takes  wine  with  Lord 
Stormont  who  grasps  a  decanter  of  French  Wine.  Burke,  seated  next 
Topham,  on  whom  he  turns  his  back,  holds  out  an  empty  plate  towards 
Hastings  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  table  who  keeps  to  himself  a  whole 
ham;  they  regard  each  other  with  wary  suspicion.  On  Hastings's  1.  sits 
Mrs.  Hastings,  also  looking  warily  at  Burke.  She  is  decked  with  jewels 
and  wears  a  small  crowned  turban  as  a  head-dress.  Next  her  is  a  man 
wearing  a  ribbon  and  star,  drinking,  who  is  identified  as  the  Marquis  of 
Buckingham  (K.G.).  Opposite  Mrs.  Hastings  sits  a  very  fat  lady  talking 
to  a  lean  man  wearing  epaulettes.  They  are  identified  as  Mrs.  Hobart* 
(actually  Miss  Jefferies)  and  Col.  Jekyll.  Next  Jekyll,  Lord  Sandwich  and 
an  ugly  (unidentified)  man  share  the  same  jelly-glass,  holding  between  them 
the  plate  on  which  it  stands.  On  the  extreme  r.,  on  the  farther  end  of  the 
table,  a  man  of  plebeian  appearance  drinks  from  a  tankard ;  he  is  identified 
as  Dr.  Parr.  The  man  between  him  and  Buckingham  is  identified  as  the 
Duke  of  Portland,  whom  he  does  not  resemble. 

[PI.  2.]  On  the  extreme  1.  the  Duke  of  Grafton  turns  towards  the  fat 
Mrs.  Hobart  (identified  as  Miss  JeflPeries).  Opposite  him  a  stout  man 
'  Whom  she  does  not  resemble. 

497  Kk 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

drinking  from  a  jelly-glass  has  been  identified  as  Lord  Nugent  (whom  he 
does  not  resemble).  Next  him  Cornwallis,  wearing  ear-rings,  puts  his  arm 
round  the  shoulder  of  a  lady,  identified  as  Lady  Clive,  who  looks  languish- 
ingly  at  him  as  she  takes  a  (?)  peach.  Next  her  is  Lord  North.  Opposite 
him  is  a  man  identified  as  Sir  George  Shuckburgh'^  who  takes  his  neigh- 
bour by  the  arm  offering  her  a  glass  of  wine ;  she  demurs  deprecatingly. 
On  the  farther  side  of  the  table,  with  no  one  seated  opposite  him,  is 
the  Prince  of  Wales,  a  fork  held  to  his  mouth  (as  in  No.  8111),  sitting 
impassively  between  Lady  Archer  and  Lady  Cecilia  Johnston,  two 
bedizened  harridans,  who  ogle  him,  putting  their  hands  on  his  shoulders. 
Next  Lady  Cecilia  (r.)  is  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  ogling  Wilkes,  who  sits  next 
her,  squinting  and  leering.  On  the  near  side  of  the  table  is  a  man  in  back 
view  wearing  a  ribbon  and  (r.)  Lord  Carlisle  talking  to  Lord  Heathfield 
who  sits  behind  a  sirloin  of  beef.  Opposite  him  and  on  the  extreme  r.  is 
a  pretty  young  lady  identified  as  Miss  Bingham. 

[PL  3.]  On  the  extreme  1.,  on  the  near  side  of  the  table,  a  middle-aged 
couple,  holding  knives  and  forks,  turn  to  each  other  with  animated  smiles. 
Opposite  them  sits  a  good-looking  young  man  wearing  a  ribbon  and  star 
(perhaps  Lord  Mornington).  On  his  1.  the  Duke  of  Richmond  turns  with 
an  expression  of  pained  surprise  to  Lord  Rawdon.  Opposite  this  pair  two 
stout  men  turn  to  each  other,  both  drinking.  The  central  group  of  this 
plate,  a  pendant  to  that  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  on  pi.  2,  is  the  Duke  of 
York  sitting  between  two  pretty  young  women,  his  r.  arm  is  round  the 
shoulder  of  one,  probably  Lady  Tyrconnel,  the  other  holds  his  1.  arm  and 
shoulder;  both  look  languishingly  at  him.  On  the  near  side  of  the  table 
are  two  more  couples :  Lord  Amherst  (caricatured)  puts  an  arm  round  the 
waist  of  a  lean  and  ugly  old  woman  wearing  the  fashionable  false  'derriere' 
in  an  exaggerated  form.  On  the  extreme  r.  Lord  Derby,  his  hand  on  his 
breast,  drinks  wine  with  the  witch-like  Lady  Mount  Edgcumbe.  On  the 
farther  side  of  the  table  are  two  unidentified  men,  one  of  whom  drinks 
from  his  plate;  next  him  is  a  pretty  young  woman.  On  the  extreme  r. 
Dundas  turns  to  speak  to  his  l.-hand  neighbour;  he  grasps  a  decanter  and 
glass,  spilling  his  wine. 

[PI.  4.]  On  the  farther  side  of  the  table  Philip  Francis  turns  to  speak 
to  Dundas.  Opposite  him,  and  on  the  extreme  1.,  a  stout  lady,  identified 
as  Lady  Salisbury  (see  No.  61 15),  sits  in  back  view,  her  petticoats  enor- 
mously inflated  behind.  She  speaks  to  no  one :  Pitt,  her  r.-hand  neighbour, 
leans  behind  the  back  of  the  Speaker  (alternatively  identified  as  Thurlow) 
to  touch  glasses  with  Fox,  who  smiles  amiably,  holding  a  decanter  in  his 
r.  hand.  Cornwall  bends  avidly  over  his  plate ;  he  wears  his  Speaker's  wig, 
the  mace  lies  across  his  knees.  Four  figures  sit  opposite  this  group:  the 
ugly  Pepper  Arden  who  gazes  admiringly  at  a  pretty  young  woman  on  his 
1. ;  she  appears  displeased  at  her  position  between  Arden  and  a  fat  woman 
who  puts  both  knife  and  fork  to  her  mouth.  Next  the  latter  is  Lord  Lans- 
downe,  who  seizes  affectionately  the  hand  of  Lord  Sydney  who  turns 
towards  him  with  a  smile ;  they  drink  to  each  other.  Next  Fox  on  the  near 
side  of  the  table  a  plain  and  elderly  couple  drink  to  each  other ;  both  are 
thin.  They  are  identified  as  Lady  Powlett  and  Sir  H.  Powlett.  Opposite 
them,  and,  like  the  lady  on  his  1.,  intent  on  his  plate,  is  a  military  officer 
identified  as  General  Bligh.  His  neighbour  is  old  and  haggard,  her  hair 
elaborately  dressed.  Next  her  and  on  the  extreme  r.  two  men  carouse 
together,  both  wear  stars;  one  is  identified  as  the  Duke  of  Bedford,  the 
'  He  is  unlike  the  Shuckburgh  of  Gillray's  French  Habits  (1798). 

498 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

Other  (r.)  as  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  (neither  had  an  order).  Opposite,  a  man 
wearing  a  ribbon  pours  out  wine  for  an  elderly  and  ugly  lady  who  receives 
the  attention  with  a  gesture  of  satisfaction.  They  are  identified  as  Sir 
George  and  Lady  Yonge.  He  is  identical  with  the  ass  whose  profile  is 
shown  on  the  extreme  r.  in  No.  7318,  who  can  hardly  be  Yonge  who 
appears  elsewhere  in  that  print. 

The  supper  was  not  magnificent:  Weltje  refused  to  provide  it  on  the 
ground  that  for  the  proposed  sum  he  could  give  sandwiches  only.  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  210-11.  See  also  Sir  G.  ElHot,  Life  and  Letters^  i.  203. 
According  to  the  London  Chronicle  the  'grandeur  and  elegance  .  .  .  sur- 
passed our  power  of  description'.  The  supper  'was  fixed  at  1000  guineas*. 
9iX2oJ+2of+2oJ  in.  (plates). 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  10 1-2. 

A  print  in  the  India  Office  (Room  305,  29  G.  18): 

THE  LONG-WINDED  SPEECH, 

or  the  oratorical  organ  harmonized  with  sublime  and  beautiful  inflation, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  June  4^^  iy88 

Sold  by  W,  Dickie  Strand  &  W.  Moore  Bond  Street  June  4*^  iy88 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Sheridan  leans  forward  making  a  prolix 
speech  indicated  by  ribbons  which  issue  from  his  mouth ;  he  is  the  mouth- 
piece of  Burke  at  the  instigation  of  Fox:  Fox  (r.)  kneels  applying  to 
Sheridan's  posteriors  a  bellows  formed  of  the  profile  head  of  Burke.  The 
ribbons  are  inscribed:  Jaghire  Elephant  Oude  Bamboo  Cages  Begums 
Begums  Begums  Plundered  Princesses  Sacrificed  Begums  Filial  duty  wantonly 
destroyed  Shackled  Eunuchs  Sustenance  forbid  Strangled  Ministers  Treaties 
violated  Rebellion  Nominal  Cruelties  confirmed  Incontrovertible  Evidence 
Natives  Annihilated.    Witnesses  Biassed  Defence  Denied. 

Sheridan's  much  expected  and  famous  speech  on  the  charge  against 
Hastings  relating  to  the  Begums  of  Oudh  began  on  3  June  and  continued 
on  6,  10,  and  13  June.  It  was  extravagantly  praised  by  Burke,  see  Moore, 
Life  of  Sheridan y  1825,  pp.  324-76.  It  disappointed  Sir  G.  Elliot  on  the 
final  day  (as  theatrical  and  rhetorical).  Grenville,  who  heard  both  it  and 
the  earlier  speech  on  the  same  subject  in  the  House  of  Commons,  thought 
it  contemptible,  the  earlier  one  admirable.  See  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and 
Letters^  i.  206  ff.;  Rogers,  Recollections ^  1859,  p.  181;  R.  C.  Rhodes, 
Harlequin  Sheridan^  i933»  PP-  109-11.  The  speech  is  ridiculed  in  R. 
Broom's  Letters  of  Simpkin  the  Second^  Letters  IV,  V,  VI,  1789.  See 
No.  7331.  For  Sheridan  as  Burke's  mouthpiece  cf.  No.  7139. 
5|X3|m. 

7331  MR    S N'S  [SHERIDAN'S]  SPEECH, 

OR,  THE  TRIUMPH  OF  GENIUS  OVER  INJUSTICE. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  June  9^*  iy88     Sold  by  W.  Dickie,  opposite  Exeter 
change  Strand  &  W.  Moore  N°  48  New  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  irregular  diamond-shaped 
lozenge  set  in  a  rectangle,  in  the  corners  of  which  are  small  subsidiary 
designs.   Sheridan  stands  on  Mount  Parnassus,  holding  up  a  small  Irish 

499 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

harp  above  his  head,  his  1.  hand  is  clenched,  his  1.  leg  held  up  as  if  kicking : 
he  has  just  hurled  Hastings  down  the  precipitous  mountain.  Hastings  falls 
head  downwards  through  clouds  into  space ;  his  jewelled  turban  falls  off, 
a  book  of  Oriental  Tragedies  drops  from  his  hand.  Sheridan  wears  a  laurel 
wreath,  his  head  is  irradiated ;  he  says  Hence  vile  Author.  In  the  air  by  his 
head  flies  a  tiny  Pegasus,  his  tail  inscribed  Conviction ;  on  his  back  stands 
Apollo  blowing  a  trumpet  to  which  is  attached  a  banner  inscribed  Soaring 
Speech.  The  lower  columns  of  a  round  temple,  inscribed  Apollo's  Courts 
are  visible  on  the  summit  of  Parnassus.  On  its  slopes,  below  Sheridan,  are 
Burke  and  Fox  blowing  trumpets. 

The  four  small  designs  in  the  corners  of  the  print  are  numbered:  J.,  in 
the  upper  r.  corner,  is  Journeymen  manufacturing  the  Defence.  Three  asses 
wearing  coats  stand  round  a  headless  corpse  inscribed  State  necessity. 
One,  holding  a  heart,  says  Humanity  unbounded  they  dared  to  resist. 
Another  says  Assertions  boldly  justifying.  They  are  Law,  Plumer,  and 
Dallas,  Hastings's  counsel,  see  No.  7321.  Behind  (1.),  Hastings  sleeps  in 
an  armchair. 

2,,  in  the  upper  1.  comer,  is  Nabob  making  his  Defence.  The  scene 
resembles  the  House  of  Commons,  not  Westminster  Hall.  Hastings  kneels 
before  the  Speaker,  saying.  To  this  defence  Vll  stick. 

5.,  in  the  lower  r.  corner,  is  Denying  his  Defence.  A  demon  emerges  from 
swaddling  clothes  inscribed  Preface.  Burke  (r.)  stands  ringing  a  bell;  he 
says,  O  yeSy  who  owns  this  Bastard.  Thurlow  (1.)  stands  with  a  hand  on 
Hastings's  shoulder,  saying,  /'//  swear  its  none  of  yours.  Hastings  answers, 
None  but  the  Wrapper  [the  preface]  mine. 

4.  J  in  the  lower  1.  comer,  is  Defence  turned  upon  him  pointedly.  Sheridan 
(1.)  uses  a  pitchfork  to  attack  Hastings,  who  has  the  face,  tail,  and  hooves 
of  a  demon,  and  cries  Peccavi. 

After  the  title  is  etched.  With  an  illustration  of  a  Nabob's  Defence. 

For  Sheridan's  famous  speech  see  The  Long-winded  Speech  (above),  also 
by  Dent,  taking  a  contrary  view  of  the  achievement.    For  the  trial  see 
No.  7269,  &c. 
8iX7jin. 

7332  LAW  PROMOTION. 
Sketched  by  Pepper.  [Dent.] 
Pub^  by  W  Dent  June  16  iy88 

Sold  by  W.  Dickie^  opposite  Exeter  change ,  Strand  &  W  MoorCy  N  48 
New  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Arden,  wearing  a  judge's  wig  and  gown, 
stands  on  a  platform  consisting  of  circular  rolls  (of  bread).  His  head  is 
turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his  r.  arm  is  extended  with  a  denunciatory 
gesture.  Beside  him  (1.)  a  cross-hilted  sword  emerges  from  a  cloud 
inscribed  Law^  the  blade  is  inscribed  Justice ;  a  hand  projects  from  the  hilt, 
forming  a  signpost  pointing  in  the  same  direction  as  Arden,  and  inscribed 
To  Westminster  Hall.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched  master  dicky,  A 
Parody y  To  the  tune  of  the  little  Ploughboy. 

A  flaxen  headed  Student, 
As  simple  as  may  be, 

And  next  a  white  wig  Council 
I  whistled  for  a  fee; 

500 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

But  now  a  saucy  Master^ 

I  strut  in  golden  lace, 
And  no  more  K g's  Attorney, 

I  screw  my  angry  face. 
For  to  the  R — Us  promoted, 

A  Chancery  seat  I  fill, 
Whilst  clients  coffers  empty. 

Our  pockets  for  to  fill; 

[12  11.  omitted] 

ril  scold,  confuse  and  vindicate. 

With  Speech  confound  the  ear, 
And  when  Fm  tired  on  my  legs. 

Sit  down  a  Woolsack  Peer; 
In  court  and  civil  honor. 

So  great  a  man  Fll  be. 
You'll  forget  the  little  Lawyer, 

That  whistled  for  a  fee. 

For  Arden*s  promotion  from  Attorney-General  to  Master  of  the  Rolls 
see  No.  7334,  &c. 

Also  an  impression  without  the  words  Sketched  by  Pepper  (these  have 
been  added  in  a  contemporary  hand). 
5iX5|in. 

7333  THE  RIVALS  OR  THE  MAN  &  WOMAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE 
IN  CONJUNCTION. 

[  ?  J.  Barrow.] 

Pu¥  June  ig  iy88  by  W.  Humphrey  N°  22y.  Strand, 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales  has  fallen  to  the  ground,  a  man  stands 
over  him,  holding  his  head  and  threatening  him  with  a  drawn  sword. 
Both  carry  shields  on  the  1.  arm.  Fox  (1.),  with  a  fox's  head,  runs  off, 
holding  Mrs.  Robinson  (Perdita)  seated  across  his  shoulders.  The  Prince, 
worsted  in  a  fight,  says.  Stop  Colonel,  Charley  has  decided  it.  The  Colonel, 
perhaps  Tarleton,  looks  up  at  a  window  (r.),  where  a  man  in  a  nightcap  and 
wearing  stag's  horns  leans  out,  saying,  Gent^  don't  disturb  my  Rest,  you 
have  got  my  Wife  there,  my  Horns  are  well  tipt  &  Fm  contented.  The 
Colonel  answers.  Go  to  Bed  you  old  Ram.  A  door  beneath  the  window  is 
inscribed  Af  Robin[son\.  Fox  says: 

He  that  fights  and  runs  away 

may  live  to  fight  another  Day. 
Perdita  says : 

But  he  thaVs  in  a  battle  Slain 

Will  never  rise  to  fight  again. 

In  the  foreground  are  the  shield  and  sword  dropped  by  Fox  (centre), 
a  fox  running  off  with  a  bone  (1.),  and  two  dogs  fighting  (r.). 

Perhaps  a  reissue  of  a  print  published  c.  1782,  when  the  rivalry  of  Fox, 
the  Prince  of  Wales,  and  Colonel  Tarleton  for  Perdita  was  a  common  topic 
in  the  newspapers,  see  No.  6117,  &c.  The  liaison  between  the  Prince  and 
Mrs.  Robinson  ended  before  1782,  but  cf.  No.  6928,  &c.  For  'the  Man 
and  Woman  of  the  People*  see  No.  61 17. 
Six  13ft  in. 

501 


V 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7334  A  BATTLE  FOR  THE  ROLLS  AND  BUTTER. 

London  Published  by  W*"  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  Street  June  28^^  iy88 

At  N^  50  Oxford  Street  may  be  seen  the  Largest  collection  of  Carica- 
tures and  Humorous  Drawings  in  Europe.  Admittance  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Thurlow  (1.)  and  Pitt  (r.),  stripped  to 
the  waist,  are  engaged  in  pugilistic  combat.  Between  them  is  a  pile  of 
circular  rolls.  A  large  bird  of  prey  stands  on  Thurlow 's  head,  a  small  bird 
on  that  of  Pitt.  The  Chancellor  says.  You  shan't  have  the  Rolls  and  Butter 
d — n  me!  Pitt  answers,  dem  me  who's  afraid!  I  say  I  shall  Old  Gruff! 
Pepper  Arden,  wearing  a  legal  wig  and  gown,  stands  behind  Pitt,  offering 
him  a  lemon  and  saying,  Take  a  Suck.  Thurlow's  backer  (1.)  also  wears  a 
legal  wig  and  gown. 

On  4  June  1788  Pitt  appointed  Arden,  who  was  his  personal  friend, 
Master  of  the  Rolls,  in  spite  of  the  Chancellor,  who  disliked  Arden  and  op- 
posed 'every  official  impediment  and  delay  that  animosity  could  suggest . . .' . 
Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  v.  167.  See  also  Twiss,  Life  of  Lord  EldoUy  i.  188-9. 
See  Nos.  7332,  7359  (6),  7377,  7516,  and  cf.  No.  8097,  &c. 
Sjxiof  in. 

7335  THE  FALL  OF  PHAETON. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub  July  r^  iy88  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured^  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  of  Wales 
falls  headlong,  but  gracefully,  from  his  high  phaeton,  and  is  about  to  land 
on  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  who  lies  face  downwards  on  the  ground,  on  hands 
and  knees,  her  petticoats  over  her  head,  leaving  her  posteriors  bare.  The 
reins  have  broken,  the  horses,  which  are  drawn  with  much  spirit,  are 
running  away  (r.  to  1.).  In  the  background  is  a  wall,  over  which  appears 
the  head  of  an  interested  military  officer.  A  yokel  seated  on  the  wall  lifts 
his  hands  in  astonishment.  After  the  title  is  etched : 
"Th'  imaginary  Bride  with  Beauty  glows y 
"For  Envy  magnifies  what  e'er  She  shows.   Ovid. 

For  this  accident  see  also  Nos.  7336,  7337,  7365. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  100.    Reproduced,  C.  E.  Jensen,  Karikatur- Album y 
i.  151. 
9JX13I  in. 

7336  GOING  TO  RIDE  S^  GEORGE. 

[Rowlandson.] 

London  Pu¥  July.  9.  iy88  by  W""  Hollandy  N°  50.  Oxford  Street 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales  lies  on  the  ground,  having  been  thrown 
from  the  phaeton  in  which  he  was  driving  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  She  falls  on 
top  of  him,  head  first,  her  legs  waving  in  the  air,  her  very  stout  contour 
much  defined.  The  light  carriage,  which  is  poised  on  high  springs,  is  falling 
over.  The  pair  of  horses  plunge  violently,  their  reins  are  broken.  On  the 
*  In  'Caricatures',  iv.  67. 
502 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

r.  is  the  royal  carriage  followed  by  Life  Guards.  The  King  and  Queen 
(who  appears  pleased)  look  in  astonishment  at  the  accident.  Beneath  the 
title  is  etched  A  Pantomimic  Scene  lately  Performed  at  Kensington  before  their 
M s 

See  No.  7335,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  226,  228. 
8|xi3in. 

7337  THE  PRINCES  DISASTAR  OR  A  FALL  IN  FITZ 
Published  by  James  Aitken — little  Russell  Court  Drury  Lane 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  falls  from  an  over- 
turning phaeton  or  curricle.  He  is  about  to  fall  on  the  prostrate  body  of 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.),  who  lies  on  her  back,  her  breasts  exposed,  in  an 
attitude  intended  to  be  indecorous.  She  lies  under  a  steep  bank  or  rock 
beside  a  country  road.  The  horse  rears  behind  the  Prince. 

See  No.  7335,  &c. 
9iXi3fin. 

7338  THE  FROLICK  OR  A  NEW-MARKET,  RACE 

Pub  July  II  [or  ?  31]  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N'>  3  Piccadilly vide 

Mo'  Chro  July  10  iy88 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Due  d'Orleans  (1.)  chases  the 
Prince  of  Wales  with  a  whip.  Both  wear  riding-dress  with  top-boots. 
Behind  them  is  a  pond  from  which  emerge  the  legs  of  a  man  who  is  sub- 
merged from  the  waist.  They  are  on  a  path  leading  to  a  pavilion  (r.),  the 
door  of  which  is  inscribed  The  Coffee  Room.  Men  stand  at  the  door  watch- 
ing the  scene,  others  look  from  a  balcony.  Behind  Orleans,  on  the  extreme 
1.,  are  the  profile  and  arms  of  a  Frenchman,  who  says,  ah  ha  de  French  Man 
make  de  English  run.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  Vabbe  frere  du  Due 
d'Orleans  etant  a  Nezvmarket  dans  un  jardin  pres  dun  bassin  fit  la  Gageure 
avec  S.A.R.P.G.  [Prince  de  Galles]  de  chatouiller  un  poisson  avec  le  doigt 
jusqu'a  cequHl  Selaissdt  prendre;  la  gageure  ayaunt  ete  acceptee  &  VAbbe 

5  etant  mis  Sur  Ses  genoux  it  [sic'\  commencant  a  agacer  le  poisson  y  lors  que 
S.A.R.  lepoussa  dans  la  bassin.  Le  Due  d'Orleans  qui  etait  present  poursuit  it 
avec  Sonfouet  S.A.R.  qui  Serif ugia  dans  un  Caffe^  ou  le  Dues  de  Queensbury 

6  Grafton  &  Bedford  les  reccomoderent,  tandis  que  le  pauvre  Abbe  fut  con- 
duit ches  lui  pour  changer  d'habits. 

The  account  of  this  incident  in  the  Morning  Chronicle  adds  that  the 
Prince  escaped  chastisement  by  getting  into  the  coffee-room,  and  that  the 
three  dukes  apologized,  'declaring  his  R.H.  meant  no  harm  and  was  rather 
in  liquor'.  See  No.  7359  (7).  Orleans  had  two  illegitimate  brothers:  the 
Abbe  de  Saint-Far  and  the  Abbe  de  Saint-Albin. 
8|Xi3/gin. 

7339  THE  CANVAS,  OR  REPRESENTATIVE  SHADE. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Brown,  Oxford  Street.  July  14  iy88 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  the  Westminster  by-election. 
Pitt  (1.)  displays  to  the  electors  a  large  framed  W.L.  portrait  of  Lord  Hood, 

503 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

heavily  shaded;  Hood  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  his  hat  as  if  to 
receive  alms.  The  frame  is  surmounted  by  a  crown  and  the  words  Lord 
Aye  <Sf  No ;  in  the  upper  corners  are  inscribed  Pro  \  mises;  on  its  lower  edge 
is  an  anchor  inscribed  Professional  Line.  Pitt  stands  on  a  hustings  support- 
ing the  picture;  below  (1.)  are  men  wearing  blue  and  buff  and  shouting 
No  court  Candidate — Hearty  Jack  and  true  Whigs  for  ever.  Behind  him  is 
a  comer  of  the  pediment  of  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden.  Attached  to  Pitt's 
coat  is  a  large  key,  either  the  key  of  the  back  stairs,  see  No.  6564,  &c.,  or 
perhaps  of  the  Treasury,  labelled  Spare  noty  the  words  Waste  not  having 
been  scored  through.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

From  the  Original  in  the  possession  of  M^  P . 

Addressed  to  the  Electors  of  the  City  of  Westminster. 
Electors  if  you  know  whaVs  goody 

You'll  re-elect  my  kind  Lord  H -dy 

A  Tory  Staunch  y  of  bottom  sound y 

One  that  would  run  each  Whig  agroundy 

And  who  to  please  the  Court y  did  try 

To  keep  out  FoXy  by  Scrutiny y 

And  hop'd  the  conq'ring  day  to  seCy 

When  worthy  small  beer  W y  [Wray]  and  he 

To  Commons  might  together  trot; 

Buty  alas!  so  it  happened  not 

For  true  FoxiteSy  not  ov'r  civil y 

With  their  real  votes  play'd  the  Devil 

And  noble  H dy  Oh  sad  disgrace! 

Was  fore' d  with  Fox  to  take  his  place. 

But  in  the  HousCy  as  soon  as  seated. 

With  commutation  you  are  treated 

An  Acty  with  which  he  did  agreey 

That  barters  light  for  wholesome  Tea, 

Andy  but  late  on  Flag  promotion y 

Of  old  service  he'd  no  notion y 

Men  with  experience  worn  out 

Should  be  pass'd  over  without  doubt. 

And  surely  he  was  in  the  right. 

For  some  may  be  too  old  to  fight; 

Then  railing  at  that  is  monstrous  rude. 

Calling  his  zvisdom  ingratitude. 

Nay,  with  Shop-tax  and  each  supply 

He  most  cheerfully  did  comply y 

In  shorty  I  him  have  found  so  true, 

{Would  with  all  such  I  had  to  do) 

With  Ayes  and  Noes  did  implicit  come. 

With  all  the  grace  of  Orator  Mum; 

Except  once  he  turn'd  on  his  heel. 

And  that  for  the  Shop  tax  repealy 

For  which  I  rapt  well  each  knucklCy 

Calling  him  solitary  chuckle y 

And  /,  {least  he  should  again  offendy) 

His  Substance  to  Admiralty  sendy 

And  as  Aye  or  No  are  easy  saidy 

Beg  you'd  contented  vote  for  the  Shade. 

504 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

Hood's  appointment  as  a  Lord  of  the  Admiralty  on  the  resignation  of 
Howe  caused  a  by-election  in  Westminster.  On  14  July  Fox  took  the  chair 
at  a  meeting  at  which  Lord  John  Townshend  was  proposed  by  Lord  John 
Russell,  who  spoke  at  length  against  the  re-election  of  Hood.  Polling  began 
on  14  July;  for  the  first  two  days  Townshend  outstripped  Hood,  for 
the  next  three  this  was  reversed,  but  *  The  friends  of  the  country  had  a 
meeting;  15,000  /.  were  subscribed,  and  houses  opened  .  .  .',  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  223.  The  total  Whig  costs  were  said  to  be  £50,000. 
Oldfield,  Hist,  of  Boroughs^  1792,  ii.  258.  On  the  sixth  day  Townshend 
began  to  recover  his  advantage.  The  poll  closed  on  the  fifteenth  day  with 
6,392  votes  for  Townshend  and  5,569  for  Hood.  See  London  Chronicle ^ 
15  July;  Ann.  Reg.,  iy88y  p.  210.  The  decision  to  contest  the  election  was 
against  the  wish  of  the  chiefs  of  the  party,  and  the  result  was  unexpected. 
The  expenses  to  both  sides  were  so  heavy  that  a  compromise  between  the 
parties  was  arranged  for  the  General  Election  of  1790,  see  No.  7638,  &c. 
For  the  importance  attached  to  this  election  by  the  Foxites  see  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  222-3,  224;  Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  v.  169. 

Grenville  heard  of  Townshend 's  candidature  only  on  the  evening  of  the 
14th.  Buckingham,  Courts  and  CabinetSy  i.  413.  Cf.  Laprade,  Titt  and 
Westminster  Elections',  Am.  Hist.  Rev.  xviii.  271-3.  For  election  hand- 
bills, &c.,  see  B.M.  Add.  MSS.  27,837,  pp.  13-31. 

For  the  election  see  Nos.  7340-54,  7356,  p.  515,  7357.  7359.-64, 7366-72. 
For  the  Scrutiny  see  No.  6553,  &c. ;  for  the  Commutation  Tax,  No. 
6634,  &c. ;  for  the  Shop  Tax,  No.  6798,  &c. ;  for  naval  promotions, 
No.  7126,  &c. 
5|X5in.  PI.  loixsioin. 

7340  THE  ELECTION  RACE  BETWEEN  JACK  TRUE- WHIG  AND 
SAM  BLOCK 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Brown,  Oxford  Street  July  [  ?  ]  18^^  lySS 

Engraving.  Lord  John  Townshend  (I.),  seated  on  a  fox  (C.  J.  Fox), 
distances  Lord  Hood,  seated  on  a  goose,  in  a  race  To  S^  Stephens  (the 
words  on  a  signpost  on  the  extreme  1.).  On  the  r.  the  portico  of  St.  Paul's, 
Covent  Garden,  is  indicated,  with  the  hustings  and  a  shouting  crowd, 
waving  hats  with  election  favours.  Between  and  behind  the  two  candidates 
runs  (r.  to  1.)  George  Hanger  holding  up  on  a  pole  an  enormous  wig  to 
which  is  attached  a  banner  inscribed  This  is  the  True  Whig;  he  says,  No 
court  Cacklers — Jack  for  ever,  and  brandishes  his  bludgeon  (cf.  No.  6924), 
which  is  inscribed  Club  Law.  Both  he  and  Townshend 's  fox  trample  on  the 
prostrate  bodies  of  geese ;  other  dead  geese  lie  on  the  ground.  These  repre- 
sent the  electors  of  Westminster,  see  No.  5843,  &c.  Behind  Hanger  walks 
a  sailor  brandishing  a  club  inscribed  To  preserve  the  Peace ;  he  shouts  The 
Navy  &  Hoody  and  carries  on  a  pole  a  smaller  and  more  fashionable  wig, 
with  a  banner  inscribed  This  is  the  True  Whig.  Townshend 's  fox  turns  his 
head  to  lick  his  rider's  hands ;  his  enormous  tail  floats  behind  him,  reaching 
the  head  of  Hood's  goose.  Hood  wears  naval  uniform;  the  reins  which  he 
holds  are  inscribed  Treasuryy  indicating  (correctly)  that  his  candidature 
was  (in  part)  financed  by  the  Treasury.  See  No.  7339,  &c. 
7|XioJin. 

505 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 
7341  THE  WESTMINSTER  JANUS  AND  HIS  OPPONENT. 
Pu¥  by  W.  Holland,  Printseller,  N<>  50,  Oxford  Street,  July  18,  iy88 

In  Holland^s  Caricature  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest 
Collection  of  Political  and  other  humorous  Prints  and  Drawings  in 
Europe.  Admittance,  One  shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Townshend  stands  on  a  platform 
addressing  a  seated  audience  of  men  and  women  indicated  by  five  heads 
and  shoulders  on  the  extreme  1.  Behind  him  (r.)  Hood  stands  stiffly,  hold- 
ing his  hat,  both  hands  resting  on  the  head  of  his  cane.  He  has  two  heads, 
one  facing  the  audience,  the  other,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  being  that  of  Pitt. 
Labels  issue  from  both  mouths :  Hood  says,  DidnH  I  vote  for  a  repeal  of  the 
Shop  Tax,  what  could  you  expect  more;  Pitt  says,  Cajole  'em  as  you  will  with 
your  rhetoric,  you  must  carry  two  faces  under  a  Hood  while  you  and  I  are 
acquainted.  A  woman  in  the  audience  says.  In  the  name  of  S^  Patrick  what 
do  you  call  him  yonder!  A  fierce-looking  man  answers,  Call  him — why  call 
him  a  Candidate  with  two  Heads  and  two  Consciences;  the  first  he  exhibits 
for  our  amusement  here,  and  the  last  seaires  him  a  pocket  full  of  gold  finches 

from  the  T y. 

For  the  election  see  No.  7339,  &c.  Pitt  and  Rose  are  said  to  have  can- 
vassed in  person.  Auckland  Correspondence,  ii.  223.  For  the  Shop  Tax  see 
No.  6798,  &c.  It  was  a  leading  subject  of  election  propaganda :  Hood  had 
voted  for  its  repeal,  and  is  therefore  accused  of  duplicity.  The  figure  of 
Hood  appears  to  be  copied  from  No.  6510,  reversed;  he  holds  his  hat 
instead  of  waving  it. 
7iX9fin. 

7342  BUBBLES  OF  OPPOSITION. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  July  jp^*  iy88.  by  [name  erased]  Price  IK^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox  (T.Q.L.),  very 
obese,  stands  (1.)  blowing  soap-bubbles  from  a  long  pipe,  with  an  expression 
of  calculating  complacency ;  these  contain  heads  of  Lord  John  Townshend 
and  other  Foxites.  He  stands  beside  a  tub  of  soap-suds  (r.),  inscribed 
Coalition  Washing  Tub,  in  which  are  two  heads  with  closed  eyes,  one  (1.) 
is  North,  the  other  is  ( ?)  Burke.  It  stands  on  a  block  of  masonry  inscribed 
Portland  Stone  (Portland  being  the  nominal  leader  of  the  Coalition). 
Beside  the  tub  are  piles  of  guineas,  some  arranged  on  a  paper  inscribed 
Devonshire  Sope.  The  head  contained  in  the  bubble  which  is  leaving  the 
bowl  of  the  pipe  is  exploding ;  the  smoke  and  flames  are  inscribed  Towns 
End  showing  that  he  is  Lord  John  Townshend.  The  largest  bubble  con- 
tains a  head  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  is  inscribed  Ich  dien.  Between  this 
and  Townshend 's  bubble  are  six  others,  containing  the  heads  of  Burke, 
the  Duke  of  Portland,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  Sheridan,  Lord  Stormont,  and 
Hanger.  In  the  upper  1.  corner  is  another  bubble  containing  the  head  of 
( ?)  Windham,  while  a  bubble,  the  lower  part  only  of  which  is  visible,  con- 
tains a  mouth  and  cheek  resembling  those  of  Lord  Carlisle  in  caricature. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 

'  *6^'  has  been  added  in  an  old  hand  to  the  coloured  impression,  making  is.  6d. 

506 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7339>  &c.  The  Foxites  raised  an  initial  sum  of  ;£  15,000  for  the  campaign, 
to  which  the  Duke  of  Devonshire  doubtless  contributed;  cf.  No.  7368. 
'The  Prince  of  Wales  took  no  part  at  first,  but  at  last  he  did.'  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  223.  The  first  print  in  which  Sheridan's  face  is  blotched 
with  drink. 
I2iix8i^gin. 

7343  FALSTAFF  &  THE  MERRY  WIVES  OF  WESTMINSTER, 
CANVASSING  FOR  THEIR  FAVORITE  MEMBER  L^  T D. 

JB  [Boyne.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  for  J.  Aitkin  July  20  iy88^  N"*  18  Little 
Russell  O  next  door  but  one  to  the  Pit  door  of  Drury  Lane  Theatre. 

Engraving.  Fox,  enormously  stout,  rides  an  ass  which  advances  towards 
the  spectator  between  two  meretricious-looking  ladies,  their  breasts  un- 
covered, who  lead  the  ass.  Fox  wears  quasi-Elizabethan  dress  with  a  ruff, 
in  his  cap  are  three  ostrich  feathers,  emblem  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  The 
ass  wears  a  coronet  inscribed  Ich  Dien,  with  three  feathers.  Both  ladies 
wear  feathers  and  a  fox's  brush  in  their  hats,  as  in  1784  (cf.  No.  6530,  &c.). 
Behind  each  is  a  man  wearing  a  ducal  coronet  from  which  springs  a  long 
stag's  antler;  these  are  joined  by  a  piece  of  drapery  forming  an  arch  above 
Fox's  head.  One  lady  (1.)  is  the  Duchess  of  Portland,  her  bodice  is 
inscribed  Port;  she  holds  out  a  wine-glass  in  one  hand,  a  fan  on  which 
is  a  fox  in  the  other.  The  other  is  the  Duchess  of  Rutland :  her  bodice  is 
inscribed  Ruty  a  favour  is  attached  to  it  inscribed  L*^  T'^  Mem.  For  my 
Borough ;  in  her  r.  hand  is  a  wine-glass,  in  her  1.  a  purse  inscribed  Bribe. 
The  Duke  behind  her  says  /  am  thy  injured  Husband's  Ghost.  Beware  of 
the  foul  Deeds  done  in  the  Flesh  while  I  was  on  earth.^ 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788  in  which 
the  whole  strength  of  the  Foxites,  backed  by  the  Prince  of  Wales,  was 
engaged,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 

It  was  alleged  in  the  World  (21  July),  the  Morning  Post  (23  July),  and  in 
election  hand-bills  that  Townshend  had  tried  to  seduce  the  Duchess  of 
Rutland.  W.  T.  Laprade,  'Pitt  and  Westminster  Elections',  American 
Historical  Review^  xviii.  272.  For  Fox  as  Falstaflt  cf.  No.  6974,  &c.  See 
also  No.  7345,  either  imitated  from,  or  the  basis  of,  this  print. 

Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  der  Karikatur^  1906,  p.  448. 

12X9I  i'^- 

7344  MASON,  THE  DUKE'S  CONFECTIONER,  DISPOSING  OF 
THE  TRINKETS. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  July  21'^  iy88.  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street  Price  5*3 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scene  representing 
the  hustings  at  the  Westminster  election.  Fox  (r.)  stealthily  enters  a  door 
leading  to  the  side  of  the  hustings,  carrying  on  his  shoulder  a  sack  from 

^  The  date  has  been  inserted  above  the  line. 

^  These  words  are  written  in  ink,  apparently  having  been  engraved  and  erased 
from  the  paper. 

3  In  other  impressions  this  has  been  altered  to  2*,  to  which,  on  a  coloured 
impression,  '6^'  has  been  added  in  ink. 

507 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL   SATIRES 

holes  in  which  guineas  and  a  Garter  jewel  are  issuing.  On  the  1.,  on  the 
hustings,  Townshend  stands  between  two  supporters,  resting  an  elbow  on 
the  shoulder  of  each :  one  (1.)  is  a  chimney-sweep,  waving  his  brush,  his 
shovel  is  inscribed  Townsend;  the  other  is  a  butcher,  waving  his  hat. 
Behind,  the  profile  heads  of  Burke  (1.)  and  Hanger  (r.)  face  each  other.  A 
crowd  is  indicated  at  the  back  of  the  hustings,  and  a  large  banner  inscribed 
Noble  Townsend  is  conspicuous.  In  front  of  Townshend  is  a  poll-clerk 
who  offers  a  Testament  to  a  Jew  who  stands  outside  the  hustings  about  to 
take  the  'bribery  oath'.  Over  his  shoulders  hangs  a  pair  of  breeches,  under 
his  arm  is  a  hat  inscribed  Townsend.  On  the  door  through  which  Fox 
enters  is  a  placard :  Liberty  &  Property  Secured.  Fox  looks  with  a  sly  smile 
at  Townshend  and  his  supporters ;  from  his  pocket  protrudes  a  document 
inscribed  Ways  &  Means. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &;c.   'Mason'  may  be  an  allusion  to  Captain  Mason,  the  associate  of 
the  Colonel  Blood  who  attempted  to  steal  the  crown  and  crown  jewels  from 
the  Tower  in  1671,  see  No.  7354.   Cf.  No.  7375. 
9|Xi3iin. 

7345  FALSTAF  &  THE  MERRY  WIVES  OF  WESTMINSTER 
RETURNING  FROM  CANVASSING  FOR  L^  T 

Pu¥  by  J  Atkins  21'^  July  88  Russell  Court 

Engraving.  Fox  as  Falstaff,  in  quasi-Elizabethan  dress,  wearing  wide- 
flapped  boots,  walks  forward,  followed  by  two  meretricious-looking  ladies, 
one  on  his  r.,  one  on  his  1.  He  is  bearded  and  has  stag's  antlers,  across 
which  stretches  a  scroll  inscribed  Doe  Keeper  to  his  Grace.  On  the  wide 
flap  of  his  r.  boot  is  faintly  etched  Port[land]. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &c.  See  No.  7343,  which  shows  that  the  second  lady  (r.)  is  probably 
the  Duchess  of  Rutland. 
7jX7iin. 

7346  THE  ARMS  &  TROPHIES,  OF  THE  WESTMINSTER  CANDI- 
DATES. 

Pu¥  22  July  iy88  by  J.  Brown  Duke  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  escutcheons  with  trophies,  one  (1.) 
representing  the  achievements  of  Hood,  the  other  the  demerits  of  Towns- 
hend. On  Hood's  shield  a  British  lion  tramples  a  French  flag;  behind  him 
an  ensign  flag  flies  from  a  staff.  The  crest  is  a  baron's  coronet  and  a  laurel 
wreath  inscribed  Merit.  The  trophy  is  composed  of  flags,  cannon,  an 
anchor,  oar,  grappling- hook,  and  trident.  On  Townshend's  shield  is  a 
chevron  on  which  are  three  dice;  above  it  are  dice-boxes,  below,  some 
object  resembling  a  shuttle  placed  horizontally.  The  crest  is  a  noose  of 
rope  inscribed  Exit.  The  trophy  is  composed  of  shirts,  two  bludgeons, 
marrow-bones  and  cleavers  (inscribed  Coalition  MusiCy  and  indicating  the 
support  of  the  butchers  of  Westminster),  and  a  wine-bottle  (reversed). 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &c.  Hood's  Irish  peerage  was  a  reward  for  his  achievements  in  1782, 
see  No.  7351.   Townshend  was  an  intimate  friend  of  Fox,  and  had  been 

508 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

the  defendant  in  a  suit  of  crim.  con.,  see  No.  7349,  &c.  For  the  wine-bottle 
see  No.  7361.    For  a  similar  contrast  between  the  candidates  see  Nos. 
7347-50.  7361. 
9|xi3|in.  (pi.). 

7347  THE  MINISTER  PREACHING  TO  THE  SEVEN  DEVILS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Brown,  Oxford  Street  July  23^  iy88 — Designed  at  Whitehall 
Executed  in  the  City  Road — 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  the  City  Road  chapel : 
Wesley  in  the  pulpit  (r.)  preaches  at  Fox  who  stands  (1.),  a  gigantic  figure 
with  his  arms  folded,  his  mouth  wide  open  as  if  howling,  his  eyes  staring. 
From  each  side  of  his  head  project  three  heads.  Beside  and  below  the 
pulpit  Hood  kneels,  his  hands  folded,  his  eyes  cast  up ;  on  the  desk  before 
him  is  an  open  book  inscribed  Test  Act  Repeal.  On  a  bench  beneath  Hood 
sits  Pitt  as  a  pew-opener,  holding  a  key  (probably  the  key  of  the  back-stairs, 
cf.  No.  6564,  &c.),  and  looking  up  sanctimoniously.  Wesley  holds  an  open 
book  inscribed  Comparison  between  two  Candidates ;  he  says :  The  Wolf  and 
the  Lamb  are  not  more  opposite — One  hath  fought  the  good  fight,  and  dwelleth 
in  the  Harbour  of  Grace,  with  a  good  conscience  under  a  Hood — the  other 
hath  also  conquered,  but  whom,  my  Brethren,  why.  Wives  and  Maidens — Oh 
ye  Electors,  take  heed  of  your  Daughters,  for  he  delighteth  to  revel  in  the 
Port  of  iniquity.  &c.  &c.  On  his  pulpit  is  inscribed  Election  Expedient  a 
new  thought.  The  six  heads  surrounding  that  of  Fox  are  (1.  to  r.)  a  lady 
(probably  Mrs.  Fawkener)  turning  towards  Townshend,  who  is  next  Burke. 
On  the  r.  are  Sheridan  ( ?),  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  and  Hanger. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &c. ;  for  Wesley's  sermon  cf.  No.  7348.  Townshend  had  been  the 
defendant  in  a  suit  of  crim.  con.,  see  No.  7349,  &c.  The  first  allusion  in 
the  catalogue  to  the  successive  motions  (1787,  1789,  1790)  for  the  repeal 
of  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts.  The  point  is  obscure,  as  Fox  spoke, 
28  March  1787,  for  the  motion,  Pitt  against  it,  while  Hood  apparently 
took  no  part  in  the  debate.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  780  flF.  See  No.  7628,  &c. 
7iixioi^in. 

7348  OLD  CANTWELL  CANVASSING  FOR  LORD  JANUS. 

[Rowlandson.]   Designed  by  Hypocrisy.         Etched  by  Paddy  Whach} 

[July  1788] 

Sold  at  the  Caricature  shops  of  London  &  Westminster 

Engraving.  Wesley  (1.)  leans  from  a  pulpit  addressing  a  congregation  who 
listen  to  him  with  expressions  and  gestures  of  horror  and  grief ;  they  are 
plain,  elderly,  and  plebeian.  He  holds  out  to  them  an  open  book  on  one 
page  of  which  is  a  man  with  the  appendages  of  the  Devil,  inscribed  Devil 
Towned,  on  the  other  is  a  man  with  wings  inscribed  Saint  Hood.  He  says : 
Lord  Hood  is  a  Saint,  my  dear  brethren,  as  immaculate  as  a  new  born  babe; 

but  as  for  Lord  Townshend  he'll  be  d n'd  to  all  eternity!  I  shudder  when 

I  tell  ye  he  loves  a  pretty  girl;  the  Opposition  to  a  man  are  all  fond  of  pretty 
girls!  They  go  about  like  Lions  in  pursuit  of  your  wives  and  daughters!  Lord 

»  See  No.  7182. 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Hood*s  pious  Committee  will  swear  to  it — Oh!  well  may  ye  groan,  my  dear 
Sisters  of  the  Elect!  I  should  not  wotider  if  this  Rampant  Candidate  was  to 
enter  this  sanctified  place  this  moment  and  ravish  every  one  of  ye!  Beneath 
the  pulpit  sits  the  clerk  who  displays  to  the  congregation  an  open  book, 
pointing  to  the  words  Blessed  be  they  that  hearken  unto  me.  In  the  pulpit 
behind  Wesley  are  Hood,  listening  devoutly  with  his  hands  held  out  as  if  in 
surprised  assent,  and  a  sailor  of  dissolute  appearance  who  tipsily  flourishes 
a  bludgeon  with  a  satisfied  grin.  A  large  flag  with  a  St.  Andrew's  cross 
leans  against  the  pulpit  and  forms  a  background  for  Hood  and  Wesley. 

For  the  election  see  No.  7339,  &c. ;  for  Townshend's  marriage  see  No. 
7349,  &c.  This  print  and  No.  7347  suggest  that  Wesley  did  refer  to  the 
election  on  Sunday  20  July,  when  he  preached  morning  and  evening  to  a 
crowded  chapel  on  the  text  *Ye  have  need  that  one  teach  you  again  which 
be  the  first  principles  of  the  oracles  of  God'.  Wesley,  Journal,  ed.  Curnock, 
vii.  419. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  228. 
8Jxi3iVin. 

7349  HONEST  JACK  THE  VOLUNTEER  GOING  INTO  PORT 
WITH  THE  FAULKNER  PRIVATEER. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥byJ.  Brozvn.  Oxford  Street,  July  24  iy88 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Townshend  leads  a  meretricious-looking 
woman  towards  a  bed  (1.)  seen  through  an  open  door.  His  arm  is  round 
her  waist;  he  tramples  on  papers  inscribed  Thou  sh[alt'\  not  covet  thy 
neighbour's  wife  and  Thou  shalt  n\oi\  commit  Adultery.  An  open  book  on 
the  floor  (1.)  is  Innocent  Adulterer;  a  paper  (r.)  is  inscribed.  My  Dear  I  shall 
not  return  till  to  morrow — Your  Husband.  On  the  wall  (r.)  is  a  picture  of 
Lord  Hood  defeating  the  French:  two  ships  are  in  action,  one  flying  the 
French  flag  is  sinking.  Beneath  it  is  a  placard :  The  Electors  are  desired  to 
Vote  for  Hearty  Jack  who  in  return  will  Poll  for  them  the  first  opportunity. 
On  the  wall  behind  Townshend  (1.)  is  a  wig  with  stag's  antlers,  inscribed, 
Jack  Horner's  principals  of  Whiggism;  above  it:  Crim.  Con. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &c.  Townshend's  attentions  to  Mrs.  Fawkener  had  led  to  a  duel 
(1786),  elopement,  her  divorce,  and  their  marriage  (10  Apr.  1787);  see 
Nos.  7005,  7346,  7347,  7348,  7350.  For  Hood's  part  in  the  Battle  of  the 
Saints,  see  under  No.  5991. 
5iX9|in. 

7350  CONTRAST  OF  TWO  CANDIDATES 

Pub  by  J  Aitken  N°  18  Little  Russell  Court  Drury  Lafte 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  two  compartments : 

[i]  BATTLES  OF  VENUS  (1.).  Townshcnd,  a  foppish  young  man,  lolls 
languidly  on  a  settee,  his  r.  arm  round  the  neck  of  a  courtesan.  His  1.  arm 
is  round  the  waist  of  another  young  woman  (r.)  who  holds  a  glass  of  wine 
to  his  lips  while  she  picks  his  pocket.  The  first  woman  wears  a  favour  at 
her  (uncovered)  breast:  Townshend  for  ever;  her  r.  hand,  holding  a  glass, 
rests  on  a  small  round  table  (1.)  behind  which  stands  Fox  pouring  wine  into 

510 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

a  glass.  The  scene  suggests  a  debauch :  cards,  dice,  and  a  broken  wine- 
bottle  lie  on  the  floor.   See  No.  7349,  &c. 

[2]  BATTLES  OF  WAR  (r.).  Lord  Hood  stands,  sabre  in  hand,  on  the  deck 
of  a  man-of-war  in  action,  indicated  by  a  swirling  ensign  flag  (r.)  and 
clouds  of  smoke.  He  looks  to  the  1.,  1.  arm  raised  as  if  giving  a  command. 
A  dead  or  wounded  man  (r.)  lies  at  his  feet. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  by-election  for  Westminster  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &c.,  and  for  a  similar  contrast  between  the  candidates  No.  7346,  &c. 
8JXi3im. 

7351  THE  ELECTION  CONTEST, 

Pub.  as  the  Act.  directs  July  26.  iy88  for  J.  Aitken  N"*  18  Little 
Russell  Court  Drury  Lane. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Hood  (1.),  as  the  British  Lion,  attempts 
to  enter  S''  Stephen's  Kennall  (r.),  the  door  of  which  is  defended  by  Opposi- 
tion hounds.  Fox,  a  large  mastiff,  snarls  at  the  lion,  under  his  legs  crouches 
a  timid-looking  greyhound,  his  collar  inscribed  Townse[nd].  Behind  Fox, 
and  partly  within  the  kennel,  is  another  mastiff,  Sheridan,  his  collar 
inscribed  Drury.  A  dog  with  the  head  and  spectacles  of  Burke  stands  on 
his  hind  legs  behind  Sheridan,  snarling.  On  the  r.,  and  slightly  apart  from 
the  others,  a  dog  stands  over  two  dishes  of  food,  but  turns  round  to  snarl. 
His  dishes  are  inscribed  Cinque  PortSy  North  being  Lord  Warden  of  the 
Cinque  Ports  and  Governor  of  Dover  Castle.  These  four  have  quasi- 
human  faces.  Another  greyhound  sniffs  at  Townshend.  A  small  demon 
sits  on  the  roof  of  the  kennel,  looking  down  at  its  defenders.  The  lion 
advances  angrily  towards  the  dogs,  one  paw  rests  on  a  shield  with  fleurs-de- 
lis;  across  his  back  is  a  saddle-cloth  inscribed:  And  had  he  but  Comman'd 
that  Day.  Not  one  of  all  the  Fleet  couVd  run  away.  Beside  him  is  the  Royal 
Standard  to  which  is  attached  a  pennant  inscribed  12  &  ig  of  April.  The 
background  is  a  free  rendering  of  Westminster  Hall. 

Words  have  been  added  in  ink  to  the  title  so  that  it  reads  'Blue  &  Buff 
Squad  or  the  Election  Contest,  with  the  Ass  in  a  Lyons  Skin'.  (The  lion 
has  no  semblance  of  ass.) 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339>  &c.  The  dates  allude  to  the  Battle  of  the  Saints  on  12  April  1782 
(see  No.  5991,  &c.)  and  to  the  capture  by  Hood  on  19  April  of  a  frigate  and 
sloop.  He  believed  that  except  for  Rodney's  signal  the  rest  of  the  French 
fleet  would  not  have  escaped.  Letters  of  Sir  Samuel  Hoody  Navy  Records 
Society,  pp.  129-30,  &c.  Townshend  was  a  nominee  of  the  Whig  leaders, 
attempts  to  find  another  candidate  having  (it  is  said)  failed.  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  222. 
9fXi4jin. 

7352  THE  BUTCHERS  OF  FREEDOM. 

[Gillray.]  Price  i' 

Pu¥  July     ^*  iy88y  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  S* 

Aquatint.  An  election  mob  in  which  Townshend  and  his  supporters,  as 
butchers,  are  violently  attacking  the  populace  with  cleavers  and  marrow- 
bones. They  wear  aprons  with  butchers'  steels  dangling  from  the  waist. 
George  Hanger  (r.),  his  hat  decorated  with  three  ostrich  feathers  and  the 

5" 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

coronet  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  raises  a  cleaver  in  both  hands  and  threatens 
two  constables  with  staves  who  fall  backwards,  wounded  or  terrified.  He 
is  in  violent  action,  one  foot  rests  on  the  unconscious  body  of  a  sailor  whose 
face  is  gashed  and  bleeding.  In  the  sailor's  hand  is  a  flag  with  a  ship  and 
the  words  Royal  Navy ;  on  this  Townshend,  who  uses  his  marrow-bone 
and  cleaver  as  a  musical  instrument,  not  as  weapons,  is  trampling.  Behind 
Hanger,  Fox,  climbing  above  the  crowd,  is  violently  smashing  the  sign  of 
The  King^s  Head  (a  bust  portrait  of  the  King)  which  is  over  a  door  inscribed 
Martin.  In  the  foreground  a  woman  half-lying  on  the  ground  tries  to 
protect  her  screaming  infant  from  a  cleaver  and  bone  brandished  by 
Sheridan.  On  the  extreme  1.  Lord  Derby  attacks  a  kneeling  sailor  with  a 
wooden  leg.  Behind  Sheridan,  Burke  raises  a  cleaver  in  both  hands,  and 
behind  him  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  waves  a  flag  inscribed  Townsend  and 
Liberty.  Behind  is  a  dense  crowd  brandishing  cleavers  and  bones,  while 
others  attempt  to  escape.  On  the  r.  are  houses  inscribed  James  Str\eei\y 
the  houses  of  Covent  Garden  are  indicated  on  the  1. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election  of  1788,  see  No. 
7339,  &c.,  at  which  the  riots  were  said  almost  to  equal  those  of  1784.  The 
butchers  and  chairmen  formed  mobs  for  the  Foxite  candidate,  while  sailors 
supported  Hood,  see  No.  7353,  &c. 

This  affair  is  explained  in  a  Whig  hand-bill  dated  19  July  1788  in  which 
Timothy  Martin  of  the  King's  Head,  James  Street,  Covent  Garden, 
refuses  to  continue  to  harbour  sailors  (engaged  by  Hood)  on  account  of  an 
affray  caused  by  the  sailors,  who  had  sallied  from  his  house  and  attempted 
to  pull  down  the  flag  of  the  opposite  party  at  Wood's  Hotel.  Martin  had 
been  admonished  at  Bow  Street  on  account  of  the  disturbance,  and  was 
there  ordered  to  refuse  to  harbour  the  sailors.  B.M.  Add.  MSS.  27,837, 
fol.  15.  See  also  Laprade,  'William  Pitt  and  Westminster  Elections', 
American  Hist.  Rev.  xviii.  271-2.  For  allegations  of  republicanism  against 
Fox  cf.  No.  6830,  &c. 

9jX  131^6  in. 

7353  THE  BATTLE  OF  BOW-STREET. 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  July     ^*  iy88.  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street 

Aquatint.  An  election  riot.  In  the  foreground  Sheridan  (1.)  stands  over 
Sir  Sampson  Wright  who  kneels  on  the  ground  in  abject  alarm.  Sheridan 
holds  him  by  the  collar  and  shakes  his  fist  in  his  face;  from  his  pocket 
protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Drury  Lane.  On  the  r.  is  a  party  of  Guards, 
one  pierces  with  his  bayonet  Fox's  posterior,  drawing  blood.  Fox,  the 
central  figure,  prances  in  pain  and  alarm,  his  hat  falling  off.  Behind, 
Townshend  ( ?)  and  Burke  hold  up  their  hands  in  shocked  surprise.  One 
of  the  Guards  deliberately  pierces  with  his  bayonet  the  posterior  of  his 
own  officer,  a  lean  foppish  man  resembling  the  officer  in  No.  7174.  The 
other  Guards  (r.)  carrying  muskets  against  their  shoulders  watch  both 
outrages  with  amusement.  Behind  Sheridan  and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  a 
man  holding  up  a  banner,  inscribed  Valiant  Townsend^  on  which  are  a 
wine-bottle  and  glass  and  a  dice-box  and  dice.  In  the  background  is  a  dense 
crowd  represented  by  heads  and  by  hats,  two  of  which  are  being  waved 
in  the  air.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

512 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1788 

When  Sampson  as  Justice — by  Soldiers  defended, 
Went  to  quell  wicked  Whigs  who've  mild  peace  oft  offended. 
Bold  Brindsley  seized  on  him,  &  swore  he'd  well  shake  him, 
Crying,  Justice  ne'er  did,  nor  e'er  should  overtake  him. 

Bow,  wow,  wow 
Sampson  down  on  his  knees  like  a  Saint  at  devotion. 
Drops  his  Jaw-Bone, — while  F — x  seconds  Brindleys  mad  motion 
The  Guards  do  their  duty — prick  Charles — he  beseeches 
And  alarm' d,  then  let's  fly — thro'  his  sad  sattin  Breeches, 

Bow  wow  wow. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
On  22  July,  the  fourth  day  of  polling,  there  was  a  riot  between  a  body  of 
Townshend's  supporters  and  a  party  of  sailors,  in  which  the  sailors  were 
eventually  routed ;  one  man  was  reported  killed  by  a  blow  from  a  butcher's 
cleaver.  According  to  the  report  in  the  London  Chronicle,  24  July,  Sir 
Sampson  Wright  procured  a  party  of  Guards  from  the  Savoy  who  took  up 
their  station  before  the  Shakespeare  Tavern,  the  Whig  head-quarters. 
Townshend,  Fox,  Sheridan,  and  others  then  forced  their  way  to  Bow 
Street,  where  Fox  denounced  Wright  for  calling  out  the  military.  Two 
soldiers  are  then  reputed  to  have  thrust  at  Fox  with  their  bayonets,  while 
Sheridan  seized  Wright.  Two  soldiers  were  committed  for  trial  but  bailed 
by  their  officers.  For  the  election  riots,  see  also  Nos.  7352,  7362,  7367. 
Wright,  the  chief  magistrate  at  Bow  Street,  was  pilloried  by  Gillray  in  1782, 
see  Nos.  6120,  6121. 
8xi3iin. 

7354  BLOOD  &  CO,  SETTING  FIRE  TO  THE  TOWER,  &  STEAL- 
ING THE  CROWN. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥July  26^^  iy88.  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  Street, 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox,  followed  by  Burke 
and  Sheridan,  hastily  leaves  a  vaulted  archway  from  which  issue  smoke  and 
flames.  George  Hanger  (1.)  runs  in  front,  holding  a  burning  firebrand; 
behind  him  is  the  White  Tower  in  flames.  Fox  carries  the  crown  which 
he  partly  conceals  under  his  voluminous  coat.  Burke,  dressed  as  a  Jesuit 
(cf.  No.  6026),  holds  the  sceptre;  he  looks  with  satisfaction  at  Sheridan, 
who  takes  his  arm.  Sheridan  holds  the  orb ;  in  his  hat  is  an  election  favour 
inscribed  Townsend.  Hanger  wears  a  cocked  hat  with  an  election  favour,  his 
military  coat  and  tight  breeches  are  in  rags ;  under  his  arm  is  a  sack  labelled 
Unmill'd  Coin.  Torn  bills  pasted  on  the  wall  behind  Fox's  head  are  inscribed 
the  Westminster  Election-,  for  the  Interest  of  Lord  J.  Towns'^,  and  Leak's  Pills. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
Blood's  attempt  (1671)  to  steal  the  Crown  jewels  in  the  Tower  seems  also 
to  have  suggested  No.  7344.  Fox's  supposed  attempts  to  appropriate  the 
prerogatives  of  the  Crown  are  the  subject  of  many  satires,  cf.  No.  6380,  &c. 
9Xi3i  in. 

7354  A  A  reduced  version,  coloured,  imprint  perhaps  cut  oflf,  in  'Carica- 
tures', V.  14. 

5iX7isin. 

513  Ll 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 
7355  THE  HAPPY  COUPLE,  OR  A  VISIT  TO  CHELTENHAM. 
EtcKdhyJB 

Published  as  the  Act  directs y  July  26,  1788,  by  E,  Richy  No.  5Sy  Fleet- 
Street. 

Engraving.  Heading  to  a  set  of  verses  printed  in  two  columns,  entitled 
The  Royal  Ramble;  ory  a  Visit  to  Cheltenham  Spa.  George  III  and  Queen 
Charlotte  riding  (r.  to  1.)  on  a  sorry-looking  horse  like  a  farmer  and  his 
wife.  By  the  road-side  is  a  milestone  To  Cheltenham.  In  the  background 
is  Windsor  Castle. 

The  verses  are  loyal  in  intention,  and  describe  the  crowd  which  flocked 
to  Cheltenham  to  see  the  King  and  Queen.  Verse  IV : 
Instead  of  Guards  and  grand  Parade, 

Which  should  attend  a  King,  Sir, 
When  all  had  many  Hours  staid. 

They  found  there  was  no  such  thing,  Sir: 
They  gap'd  and  star'd  at  such  a  Shew, 

And  this  Report  was  rife.  Sir — 
'Twas  not  the  King,  they  all  did  know, 
But  Farmer  George  and  Wife,  Sir. 

For  the  visit  to  Cheltenham,  see  No.  7358,  &c.  The  design  appears  to 
have  been  copied  (with  alterations)  from  No.  6918. 
6JX4fin.   Broadside,  13  X7i  in. 


7356    HARRY    JENKINS,    THE    MASCULINE    &    FEMININE 
BELLOWS  MENDER, 

[Gillray.]  Price  i' 

Pu¥July  2g*^  iy88  by  H.  Humphrey  N''  51  New  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  A  ragged,  dwarfish  man,  a  pair  of  bellows  under  his  arm,  his 
apron  full  of  guineas,  is  led  to  the  poll  by  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (r.) 
and  is  pushed  forward  by  a  florid  over-dressed  woman  (1.)  whose  breast 
is  exposed.  Jenkins  has  a  large  head  with  a  hairy  chin  and  a  feminine 
figure;  the  Duchess  puts  a  hand  under  his  chin  and  turns  to  look  at  the 
crowd  on  the  hustings,  who  wildly  cheer  his  approach,  except  for  two 
seated  poll-clerks  who  appear  surprised.  After  the  title  is  etched :  having 
declared  his  intention  not  to  remain  Neuter  in  the  Westminster  Contesty  is 
canvassed  by  the  Duchess  of  D e  &  coaxed  by  Mother  Windsor y  &  abso- 
lutely polld  for  Lord  Johny  on  Monday  July  2<5'*,  altho^  he  never  had  any 
Habitation  except  a  Cow-housCy  a  Privy y  a  Pig  Stye  or  a  Watch  House.  Both 
women  have  elaborate  head-dresses  of  feathers,  &c.,  with  a  fillet  inscribed 
Townsend.  Mother  Windsor  has  a  damaged  nose  and  a  patched  face ;  from 
her  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  List  of  Af  ^  Windsor'[s]  Num.  She 
is  followed  (1.)  by  three  of  these  'nuns'  (cf.  No.  5177,  &c.),  who  are  pretty 
young  women  (cf.  No.  6547).  On  the  hustings  behind  a  wooden  barricade 
Townshend  raises  his  hat  and  holds  out  his  hand  towards  Jenkins.  Burke 
looks  over  his  shoulder  and  Sheridan  (on  the  extreme  r.)  stands  beside  him 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  clasping  his  hands  in  satisfaction.  The  most  prominent  of 
those  on  the  hustings  is  Fox,  behind  the  Duchess,  who  waves  his  hat,  rais- 

5H 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

ing  both  arms.  Two  poll-clerks,  holding  pens,  sit  in  front  of  Townshend 
and  Fox. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
For  the  supposed  bribery  and  impersonation  which  took  place  see  Nos. 
7363,  7366.  July  28th  was  the  ninth  day  on  which  Townshend  outstripped 
Hood,  see  No.  7357. 
8Jxi3f  in. 

Photograph^  of  a  water-colour  by  Dighton,  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
Ralph  Edwards, 

[WESTMINSTER  ELECTION  1788.] 
Dighton  Del 

The  humours  of  Covent  Garden  realistically  depicted.  Lord  John  Towns- 
hend, handsome  and  fashionable,  with  two  ladies,  stands  in  the  centre  fore- 
ground with  a  ( ?)  Pomeranian  dog.  He  holds  his  hat  in  his  hand,  and  looks 
at  the  spectator,  as  does  the  nearer  of  the  ladies  ( ?  Duchess  of  Devonshire). 
Other  foreground  figures  (1.  to  r.):  a  barber  carrying  two  wig-boxes 
(behind  whom  a  constable  with  his  staff  seizes  a  man),  a  dwarfish  boy  howl- 
ing at  a  broken  pitcher;  Wilkes  ogles  a  pretty  girl  selling  a  sheaf  of  ballads 
headed  by  a  fox,  while  a  boy  picks  his  pocket.  A  man  (r.)  sells  cherries 
from  the  panniers  on  the  back  of  an  ass,  weighing  them  in  a  pair  of  scales, 
to  dwarfish  street-boys.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  fat  woman  with  a  sheaf  of 
ballads  bawls  her  wares.  Behind  her  is  the  well-characterized  profile  of 
a  handsome  barrister  who  resembles  Erskine.  Behind  these  foreground 
figures  the  Piazza  is  densely  crowded.  On  the  r.  is  the  portico  of  Covent 
Garden  Church  with  the  hustings,  which  are  almost  concealed  by  a  high 
and  ornate  phaeton  driven  (r.  to  1.)  by  the  Prince  of  Wales,  a  lady  seated 
beside  him,  the  heads  of  the  horses  just  visible  above  the  crowd.  Favours 
inscribed  Lord  Townshend  are  worn,  with  an  occasional  fox-tail.  On  the 
palings  by  the  hustings  a  poster  headed  Lord  Hood  is  pasted  over  one 
headed  [Tow]nsend.  A  man  raised  above  the  mob  holds  up  a  stuffed  fox 
on  a  high  pole  (as  in  No.  5699).  Hats  are  raised,  cheering  the  Prince,  and 
also  in  the  distance,  near  the  hustings,  where  are  two  large  banners :  Lord 
Townshend  and  Town[shend]  .  .  .  ever.  A  coach  in  back  view  proceeds 
towards  the  hustings.  A  cat  and  papers  fly  into  the  air.  In  the  distance 
spectators  stand  on  a  raised  platform  above  the  heads  of  the  crowd. 
Bludgeons  or  staves  raised  above  the  sea  of  heads  indicate  either  a  gang  of 
sailors,  butchers,  or  chairmen,  or  a  posse  of  constables.  The  background 
is  formed  by  the  houses  on  the  south  of  the  piazza.  See  No.  7339,  &c. 
Reproduced,  Apollo,  xiv  (Aug.  193 1),  p.  98. 

7357  EFFECTS  OF  THE  NINTH  DAY'S  EXPRESS  FROM  COVENT 
GARDEN,  JUST  ARRIVED  AT  CHELTENHAM. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  King,  Queen,  and  Princesses  stand- 
ing by  the  pump  at  Cheltenham,  receive  with  horror  a  post-boy  (1.)  who 
holds  out  a  placard  inscribed  Ninth  Days  Poll  Majority  for  Lord  John 
Townshend  218.  A  bewildered  yokel  stands  under  the  pump,  letting  the 
*  Presented  by  Mr.  Edwards. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

contents  of  his  water-jug  pour  over  the  King's  foot.  The  King  staggers 
backwards  and  is  supported  by  a  man  whose  dismayed  face  is  in  shadow. 
The  Queen,  horror-struck,  stares  at  the  messenger;  two  princesses  clasp 
their  hands  in  dismay.  The  post-boy  wears  spurred  jack-boots  and  carries 
a  postiHon's  whip.  Behind  him  (1.)  is  a  signpost  on  which  stands  a  raven; 
one  arm  points  to  Londotiy  the  other  To  Cheltenham:  the  pump  is  under 
shady  trees.   A  church  and  houses  are  indicated  in  the  background. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
The  ninth  day  was  28  July,  when  Townshend  polled  643  to  Hood's  382. 
Ann.  Reg.y  iy88,  p.  210.  For  the  King's  visit  to  Cheltenham  to  drink  the 
waters  see  No.  7358,  &c. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  228. 
8i»6Xi2iin. 

7358  A  SCENE  AT  CHELTENHAM. 

Pub  July  28  iy88  hy  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  HI  stands  in  profile  to  the  1. 
under  the  Cheltenham  pump,  receiving  in  his  mouth  the  copious  stream 
which  is  produced  by  two  men  (1.)  who  stand  on  a  bench,  pumping  vigor- 
ously ;  they  have  taken  off  their  coats  and  say  Zoons  a  zvill  suke  en  Dry. 
The  King's  hands  are  crossed  on  his  breast,  his  hat  lies  at  his  feet.  The 
Queen  pulls  his  coat-tails  to  induce  him  to  stop  drinking.  Two  princesses 
stand  behind  her  (r.)  holding  glasses;  one  says  to  the  other:  My  Papa  will 
leave  none  for  us.  Two  yokels  in  smock-frocks  stand  gaping  on  the  extreme 
r. ;  they  say  Laird  Laird.  On  the  summit  of  the  pump  is  a  cartouche 
inscribed  Cheltenham  and  surmounted  by  a  crown. 

For  the  King's  visit  to  Cheltenham  see  Mme  D'Arblay,  Diary  (July- 
August)  and  Nos.  7355,  7357,  7374-   Sir  George  Baker  had  recommended 
the  waters,  and  it  was  said  over-doses  had  conduced  to  his  insanity.   Cf. 
No.  7372. 
815X13  A  in. 

7359  FASHIONABLE  FOLLIES    LES  FOLIES  A  LA  MODE 

Pub  July  2g^  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  series  of  isolated  figures  and  groups 
arranged  in  two  strips,  a  line  separating  the  upper  from  the  lower.  Probably 
an  imitation  of  No.  7301. 

[i]  Walking  Le  Marcheur.  A  man  walks  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  hands 
held  as  if  in  a  walking-race.   Identified  as  Captain  Barclay. 

[2]  Sparring  Uescrime.  Two  men  boxing ;  they  wear  gloves  and  jackets. 
Identified  as  Humphries  (1.)  and  Mendoza  (r.),  see  No.  7425. 

[3]  Trotting  Le  Troteur.  A  fashionably  dressed  man  trots  in  profile  to  the 
r. ;  he  pulls  on  the  curb,  the  snafile  lies  on  the  animal's  neck.  A  surcingle 
passes  twice  over  his  saddle.  An  imitation  of  Bunbury's  'Gambado',  see 
Nos.  7231-42.   He  is  identified  as  the  Duke  of  Bedford. 

[4]  Stone  Eating  Le  mangeur  de  pierres.  A  man  stands  full-face,  holding 
a  large  stone  which  he  gnaws ;  a  pile  of  similar  stones  is  beside  him.  He 
'  Apparently  altered  from  Jp. 

516 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

is  dressed  to  represent  a  (stage)  savage.  The  performances  of  a  'Stone 
Eater'  were  much  advertised  in  the  press  and  in  hand-bills  in  1788.  Cf. 
No.  7287. 

[5]  The  Barber  at  Court.  Le  Peruquier  a  la  Cour.  A  barber  (r.)  kneels 
at  the  feet  of  a  lady  who  walks  away  from  him  (1.)  with  a  distressed  expres- 
sion. A  comb  is  thrust  in  his  hair,  his  curling-tongs  protrude  from  his 
pocket. 

[6]  Malice  la  Malice.  Thurlow,  seated  by  a  small  table  on  which  he  rests 
his  1.  arm,  cuts  his  throat  with  a  razor.  On  the  table  is  a  paper:  Appoint- 
ment of  S^  Pepper  Arden.  Fhurlow's  opposition  to  Arden's  appointment 
as  Master  of  the  Rolls  was  notorious,  see  No.  7334,  &c. 

[7]  Correction  a  la  Francoise.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  saying  Grace  Grace^ 
kneels  humbly  at  the  feet  of  the  Due  d'Orleans  who  stands  above  him  (1.) 
flourishing  a  whip.  A  lean  man  in  quasi-clerical  dress,  the  brother  of 
Orleans,  prances  on  the  r.,  saying,  Je  suis  Mouille  jusqu'aux  os.  Both 
Frenchmen  wear  ear-rings,  but  Orleans,  like  the  Prince,  wears  top-boots. 
See  No.  7338. 

[8]  Canvassing  Les  queteuses  de  voix.  A  man  dressed  as  (?)  a  stable-boy 
stands  between  two  ladies  who  both  wear  hats  with  the  ostrich  feathers  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales  and  election  favours  inscribed  Townsend.  One  (1.), 
probably  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire,  takes  both  his  hands ;  the  other,  who 
resembles  Lady  Archer,  offers  him  a  purse,  placing  her  hand  on  his  shoulder. 
See  No.  7360. 

[9]  Gambling  Les  Joueurs.  Three  gamblers  sit  at  a  rectangular  table  on 
which  are  piles  of  guineas.  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  has  just  made  a  throw ; 
a  man  seated  opposite  him  may  be  Admiral  Pigot;  both  hold  purses. 
Between  them  and  behind  the  table  sits  the  Duke  of  York.    See  No. 

7301  (5)- 

[10]^  free  Election  La  liberie  de  L  ^election.  George  III  falls  to  the  ground, 
his  head  bleeding.  Fox  stands  over  him  with  a  bludgeon.  Behind  them 
Lord  John  Townshend  puts  Pitt  to  flight,  holding  up  a  bludgeon;  Pitt's 
head  is  also  bleeding.  Fox  says.  Jack  now  I  am  King  you  shall  be  Prime 
Minister.  Townshend  says.  Yes  your  Majesty  shall  allways  find  me  a  faith- 
full  Minister.  For  the  riots  at  the  Westminster  by-election  see  No.  7353,  &c. 

[11]  Dispatching  II  se  brule  la  Cervelle.  George  Hanger  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  firing  a  pistol  into  his  mouth;  from  his  pocket  issues  a  paper 
inscribed  Debts  of  Hon^.  His  bludgeon  (cf.  No.  6926)  lies  on  the  ground. 

[12]  Comedy  La  Comedie.  A  stout  lady  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  holding 
a  smiling  mask,  and  making  a  theatrical  gesture  with  her  r.  hand.  She 
resembles  Mrs.  Hobart,  who  took  a  prominent  part  in  the  Richmond 
House  theatricals,  see  No.  7215,  &c. 

[13]  Cat  Eating  Le  Mangeur  de  chats.  A  lean  man  stands  in  profile  to  the 
I.  biting  a  cat. 

[14]  Diamond  finding  Trouvaille  de  Diamant.  Queen  Charlotte  (r.)  stoops 
to  pick  up  a  diamond  which  lies  on  the  ground.  The  King  stands  opposite 
her,  his  r.  hand  extended,  saying,  put  it  in  your  Pocket.  One  of  many  satires 
on  the  supposed  bribery  of  the  Queen  by  Warren  Hastings,  see  No. 
6978,  &c. 

The  design  is  on  two  plates,  but  the  prints  are  clipped  and  the  two 
sections  have  been  pasted  together.  1-4  and  8-10  and  the  English  title  are 
on  the  first  plate  (1.). 

12JX  19  in. ;  I2|X  18J  in. 

517 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL   AND   PERSONAL   SATIRES 

7360   THE   MISCARRIAGE   OR   HIS   GRACE   STOPPING  THE 
SUPPLIES. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Brown  Oxford  Street  July  30*^  iy88 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  Devonshire  (1.)  pulls  on  a  pair  of  breeches,  look- 
ing towards  the  Duchess  and  saying,  Fll  not  be  drained  of  my  last  Farthings 
therefore,  my  Lady,  henceforth  I  will  wear  the  Breeches.  The  Duchess,  her 
mouth  wide  open  as  if  shrieking,  falls  back  into  the  arms  of  Fox  (1.)  who 
supports  her.  From  under  her  petticoats  fall  streams  of  guineas  and 
money-bags  inscribed  For  tardy  Voters.  She  and  Fox  wear  in  their  hats 
favours  inscribed  respectively  Townshend  and  Townsend.  On  the  wall  are 
two  pictures :  one  (1.)  of  the  Duke  of  Devonshire  with  a  whip  driving  a 
horse  into  a  stable;  the  frame  is  inscribed  Cavendo  tutus  (the  Cavendish 
motto).  The  other,  with  the  same  title  in  reversed  characters,  of  Fox 
and  the  Duchess  carrying  between  them  on  a  pole  an  enormous  bunch 
of  grapes. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
The  part  taken  by  the  Duchess  was  acknowledged  by  the  flag  inscribed 
*  Sacred  to  Female  Patriotism'  carried  on  the  chairing  of  the  member 
(4  Aug.)  as  in  1784  (see  Nos.  6590,  6600). 
7iix8f  in. 


7361  JOHN  BULL,  IN  A  QUANDARY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  July  jr^  iy88  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  S* 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  John  Bull,  a  stout, 
plainly  dressed  citizen,  stands  full-face,  his  hands  in  his  coat-pockets, 
between  Townshend  (1.)  and  Hood  (r.),  who  face  each  other  in  profile. 
Townshend  stands  outside  the  door  of  Brooks' Sy  he  holds  out  to  John  Bull 
an  open  book:  Prosecution  for  Crim  Con.  In  his  r.  hand  he  holds  strings 
attached  to  the  wrists  of  three  young  women  who  kneel  behind  him.  From 
his  pocket  protrudes  a  bottle  labelled  Butlers  Wine.  Under  his  foot  is  the 
broken  staff  of  Liberty.  Hood,  in  naval  uniform,  stands  boldly,  holding 
the  hilt  of  his  sword  and  chains  attached  to  the  wrists  of  three  French 
sailors  who  kneel  behind  him.  Under  his  foot  is  a  French  flag.  Behind 
this  group  is  the  sea  with  battle-ships  in  action.  After  the  title  is  etched : 
**  Which  way  shall  I  turn  me,  how  shall  I  decide? 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
Hood's  achievements  at  the  Battle  of  the  Saints  are  contrasted  with 
Townshend's  success  with  women,  as  in  No.  7346,  &c.  'Butler's  wine* 
(see  No.  7371)  indicates  Townshend's  prosecution  of  his  butler  for  stealing 
wine.  For  this  he  was  attacked  with  allegations  that  the  butler  had  only 
taken  the  wine  for  his  sick  wife,  and  defended  by  Addington :  Townshend 
might  have  prosecuted  for  the  theft  of  a  bank-note,  a  capital  felony.  See 
election  handbills,  &c.  in  B.M.  Add.  MSS.  27837,  ff.  20,  21;  London 
Chronicle y  26  July  1788. 
9Jxi3iin. 

518 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1788 

7362  OPPOSITION  MUSIC  OR  FREEDOM  OF  ELECTION. 

[c.  July  1788] 

Engraving.  Burke  (centre)  and  Fox  (r.)  raise  above  their  heads  cleavers 
and  marrow-bones  with  which  they  appear  about  to  smite  a  woman  and 
child  who  have  fallen  to  the  ground.  A  man  stoops,  stretching  out  his 
hands  in  an  attempt  to  protect  them.  George  Hanger  (1.)  stands  holding 
up  his  cleaver  in  both  hands,  leaving  no  doubt  that  his  intention  is  to 
strike.  The  attitude  of  Burke  and  Fox,  though  threatening,  may  indicate 
a  vigorous  performance  of  the  traditional  election  music  of  the  butchers. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
For  the  election  riots  see  No.  7352,  &c. 
Six  10  in. 

7363  SIX  VOTERS  MADE  OUT  OF  ONE,  IN  FAVOUR  OF  LORD 
JOHN  TOWNSHEND  [c.  July  1788] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  row  of  six  heads,  full-face ;  all  repre- 
sent the  same  man,  differently  dressed  and  sometimes  disguised.  They 
are  (1.  to  r.)  W"  Williamson  N°  jg  Swallow  Str^,  wearing  a  hat  with  a 
fox's  brush.  Zacharia  Dilwray  N^  $y  Swallow  Str^,  wearing  a  patch  over 
one  eye.  Jn^  Patterson  N°  3  Eagle  Str^^  more  fashionably  dressed  than  the 
others.  Jos^  Newman  N°  $y  Swallow  Str\  wearing  a  parson's  wig  and 
bands.  Gabriel  Smith  N°  5y  Swallow  Str^y  wearing  a  cap.  Gabirel  Smith 
N°  S7  Swallow  Str\  wearing  the  beard  of  a  Jew.  All,  except  the  parson 
(who  has  no  hat),  have  election  favours  in  their  hats. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
There  were  many  allegations  of  impersonation.  A  press-cutting  from 
the  Worlds  31  March  1790,  pasted  on  the  print  begins:  'To  be  disposed  of, 
a  great  bargain! — All  the  curious  and  valuable  Wardrobe,  in  which  various 
voters  masqueraded  at  the  last  Election  for  Lord  John  Townshend'.  See 
No.  7366,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  6536. 
3Xii|  in. 

7364  STATE  OF  THE  POLL  WITH  THE  CANDIDATES  DURING 
THE  ELECTION! 

London  Pu¥  by  W"^  Holland,  Printseller,  N°  50  Oxford  Street  July 

iy88 

In  Holland's  Caricature  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest 
Collection  of  Political  and  other  Humorous  Prints  ever  exhibited 
in  Europe  admittance  one  shilling.  Of  whom  may  be  had  the  Prince's 
Bow;  English  Slavery;  and  Meeting  an  Old  Friend  with  a  New  Face. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  row  of  six  heads  of  Lord  Hood 
directed  to  the  r.,  above  a  similar  row  of  six  heads  in  profile  to  the  r.  of 
Lord  John  Townshend.  Under  the  heads  of  both  is  written  (1.  to  r.) 
j*^  Day  3^  Day,  5  Day,  7'^*  Day,  9'^  Day,  12^^  Day.  Hood  starts  on  the 
first  day  with  a  nose  like  a  proboscis  which  gradually  dwindles  to  one 
from  which  the  tip  is  missing.  Townshend  starts  with  his  own  handsome 
profile,  but  on  the  third  day  has  a  nose  like  a  proboscis  which  grows  pro- 
gressively and  grotesquely  longer. 

519 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
For  the  actual  state  of  the  poll  on  these  days  see  Ann.  Reg.y  iy88,  p.  210. 
The  1 2th  day  was  31  July;  the  poll  was  closed  on  4  Aug. 

7365  THE  CARELESS  DRIVER.  [i  Aug.  1788] 

Engraving.  Rambler^ s  Magazine^  vi.  243.  The  Prince  of  Wales  has  fallen 
from  his  overturned  phaeton,  the  tilted  body  of  which  is  on  the  1.  A  lady, 
*his  Cyprian  Queen',  falls  on  the  top  of  him,  her  legs  much  exposed.  On 
the  r.  is  the  back  of  the  stage-coach  which  has  overturned  the  phaeton; 
a  man  looks  out  of  the  boot  or  basket  at  the  disaster.  Cf.  No.  7335,  &c. 
6JX3iiin.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

7366  CASTING  UP  THE  POLL  AND  DECLARING  THE  MAJOR- 
ITY, BY  Mr  REYNARD, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  WDent  Aug'  4^  iy88^ 

Pu¥  by  J  Brown  Aug  4'^  iy88  Oxford  Street  London. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  a  colossus,  stands  taking  from  his 
mouth  a  small  demon;  others  fall  to  the  ground  and  dance  at  his  feet. 
There  are  seven  in  all,  two  have  the  brush  of  a  fox.  One  of  these,  who 
capers  on  the  1.,  balances  on  his  head  an  upright  staff  supporting  a  picture 
of  a  fox  running :  on  its  back  a  group  of  houses  dominated  by  the  Abbey 
and  mscriibQd  Westminster.  The  frame  is  inscribed  Preserving  the  Rights  of 
the  City.  Beneath  it  is  an  election  favour  inscribed  Towns  end.  The  staff 
is  inscribed  Freedom  of  Election  and  transfixes  a  cap  of  Liberty,  reversed, 
and  inscribed  Jews — Marrow  bones  &  Cleavers,  Weavers,  Bludgeon  Men, 
Chairmen,  Lodgers,  Nonentities,  Proxies,  Dead  men.  Widows  &c.  After  the 
title  is  etched :  Canvasser,  Representative,  Dictator  and  Returning  Officer, 
alias.  The  Man  and  Master  of  the  People. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
The  poll  was  declared  on  4  Aug.  Ministerialists  believed  that  bribery  and 
impersonation  had  been  freely  used  in  support  of  Townshend.  Buckingr 
ham.  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III,  i.  417-18.  See  Nos.  7356,  7363, 
7368,  7370.  For  weavers,  cf.  No.  6575,  &c. 
9iX7in. 

7367  THE  SAILORS  POLED. 

['August  4^  iy88.   Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  R^  Ford.    Price 

2I6Y 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  election  riot  in  Covent  Garden.  On 
the  r.  is  (?)  a  raised  stand  for  spectators;  behind  and  on  the  1.  are  the 
Piazzas.  A  band  of  sailors  has  been  routed  by  men  with  bludgeons 
wearing  blue  and  buff.  Three  wounded  sailors  lie  in  the  foreground  (1.). 
The  bludgeon  men  are  led  by  two  fashionably  dressed  men;  one,  who  holds 

^  This  imprint  is  etched  inconspicuously  in  the  shadow  of  Fox's  foot;  both  are 
in  the  same  hand. 

2  Written  in  a  contemporary  hand.  Richard  Ford  was  one  of  the  Westminster 
magistrates,  cf.  No.  7835. 

5?o 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

his  hat,  resembles  Hanger,  the  other  Townshend.  Behind  them  is  a  negro 
(cf.  No.  7369)  followed  by  a  crowd  with  bludgeons. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
For  election  riots  see  No.  7353,  &c. 
lofxisl  in. 

7368  BLUE  AND  BUFF. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Brown,  Oxford  Street  Au^  12^^  iy88 

Engraving.  A  band  of  topers  seated  at  a  table  hails  the  entrance  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (1.),  who  carries  a  dozen  wine-bottles  in  a  wicker  tray, 
saying,  Wine  is  the  Liquor  of  Life — Here  my  brave  Boys — Fill  every  Glass. 
His  tray  is  inscribed  Patron  .  .  {?)  of  Polite  Art.  All  wear  coats  and 
breeches  without  shirts,  &c.  Above  an  open  door  on  the  extreme  1.  are 
the  Prince's  feathers  and  motto  Ich  dien.  The  Prince's  guests  are  singing 
a  catch:  Sheridan  lifts  a  glass,  saying,  Ws  Wifie;  Burke,  his  hand  on 
his  breast,  sings  That  inspires  us;  Fox  (larger  than  the  others)  sings  and 
fires  us ;  Hanger,  pouring  a  bottle  at  random,  sings  with  courage ;  and  Lord 
John  Townshend  on  the  extreme  r.,  his  arm  on  Fox's  shoulder,  sings  love 
&  joy.  Above  the  heads  of  Fox  and  Townshend  is  an  escutcheon  on  which 
are  dice,  a  dice-box,  cleaver,  and  marrow-bones;  the  supporters  are  two 
bludgeons.  On  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  picture:  Plan  for  extending  the  Freedom  of 
Election ;  three  notice-boards  on  poles  represent  the  notices  on  the  hustings 
which  indicated  the  places  where  the  electors  of  the  different  Westminster 
parishes  were  to  vote.  Under  *S^  Ann^s  &  Duke's  place  (the  latter  a  liberty 
in  the  City  inhabited  by  Jews)  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire  shaves  a  Jew, 
while  a  bearded  Jew  waits  his  turn;  this  is  Devonshire  Soap.  Under  «S' 
James's  &  Switzerland  Fox,  hat  in  hand,  smilingly  takes  the  hand  of  a 
foreigner;  this  is  Naturalization.  Under  S^  John's  &  the  Mint  (St.  John's 
a  poor  Westminster  parish ;  the  Mint  a  disreputable  district  in  Southwark) 
two  men  (one  probably  Sheridan)  put  a  coat  on  an  almost  naked  man ;  this 
is  Drury  Wardrobe. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
For  allegations  of  impersonation,  &c.,  on  behalf  of  Townshend,  see  No. 
7366,  &c. ;  for  ^Devonshire  Soap',  No.  7342. 
6|xiof  in. 

7369  ELECTION-TROOPS,  BRINGING  IN  THEIR  ACCOUNTS, 
TO  THE  PAY-TABLE. 

J^  Gillray  ini^  et  fec^  Price  is  6. 

Pu¥  Aug*  14*^  iy88  by  H.  Humphrey,  New  Bond  Street, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  'Election-Troops', 
headed  by  Major  Topham,  advance  towards  the  barred  gate  of  the  Treasury, 
behind  which  stands  Pitt,  holding  a  large  key.   He  says,  /  know  nothing  of 

you  my  Friends,  Lord  H d  pays  all  the  expences  himself — Hush!  Hush! 

go  to  the  back'Door  in  Great  George  Street  under  the  Rose!  Topham  holds 
out  to  Pitt  a  paper  inscribed  For  Puffs  &  Sqidbs  and  for  abusing  opposition, 
in  his  r.  hand  is  a  newspaper.  The  World  (see  No.  7210,  &c.).  Behind  him 
is  a  dwarfish  and  ragged  newsboy  holding  his  horn,  on  his  cap  is  the  word 

521 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Star  above  a  star.  Under  his  arm  is  a  copy  of  The  Star  newspaper,  in  his 
r.  hand  a  paper  inscribed  For  changing  Sides;  for  hiring  of  Ballad  Singers 
&  Grub  Street  Writers.  .  .  .  Next  him  is  a  pubHcan  holding  a  paper 
inscribed  For  Eating  &  Drink[ing]  for  Jack  Ass  Boys.  Behind  these,  three 
of  the  Foot  Guards  march  together,  each  holding  a  paper  inscribed  For  the 
attack  in  Bow  Street  (see  No.  7352);  one  holds  a  bayonet  dripping  with 
blood.  Across  the  front  of  their  caps  is  the  word  Hood.  A  ragged  and 
dwarfish  cobbler  holding  a  pair  of  shoes  holds  out  a  paper  inscribed  For 
Voting  3  times  \  he  walks  next  two  ballad-singers,  one,  fat,  ragged,  and 
pregnant,  holds  in  her  r.  hand  a  paper  inscribed  For  Singing  Ballads  at 
5  skill p^  Day  . .,  in  her  1.  hand  is  a  sheaf  of  broadsides  inscribed  A  begging 

we  will  go A  new  Song.  The  woman  next  her  holds  a  similar  account ; 

her  hat  is  inscribed  Hood.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  sailor  with  a  bludgeon 
who  holds  out  a  paper:  For  kicking  up  a  Riot.  Next  him  is  a  burly  and 
grinning  negro  (cf.  No.  7367).  Between  these  two  and  the  cobbler  a 
bearded  Jew  holds  up  in  both  hands  a  paper  inscribed  For  Perjury  & 
procuring  Jew  Voters.  Behind  are  the  heads  of  the  rest  of  the  crowd ;  most 
wear  election  favours  in  their  hats  with  the  word  Hood. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
For  Topham  as  ministerial  journalist  cf.  Nos.  7371,  7477-  'Under  the 
Rose'  is  an  allusion  to  George  Rose  (successor  to  Robinson),  the  Treasury 
Secretary,  whose  duty  it  was  to  manage  the  election  business  of  the 
Government.  Hood's  expenses  were  raised  by  a  levy  on  the  great  officers 
of  state  and  leading  Ministerial  peers,  the  balance  being  made  up  by  the 
Treasury.  Proceedings  in  an  Action  for  Debt  by  C.  J.  Fox  against  J.  Home 
TookCy  1792.  This  is  confirmed  by  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of 
George  HI,  ii.  16.  See  also  Laprade,  'William  Pitt  and  Westminster 
Elections',  American  Hist.  Rev.  xviii.  270. 

Another  impression  from  which  the  price  has  been  removed. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  loo-i  (copy).    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  37.    Re- 
issued, G.W.G.,  1830. 
9ftxi3i6in. 


7370   FLIGHT  TO  SWITZERLAND  WITH  HIS  WOMAN  AND 
FAITHFUL  BLACK. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  WDent  Au^  i^^  iy88  Sold  by  W  Moore,  N°  48,  New  Bond 
Street  &  W.  Dickie,  opposite  Exeter  change  Strand  Aug^  15.  iy88. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  seated  on  the  back  of  the  Devil, 
flies  (1.  to  r.)  across  the  Channel ;  behind  him  sits  Mrs.  Armstead  clasping 
his  shoulders;  both  smile  with  cunning  satisfaction.  Behind  the  couple 
floats  a  bushy  fox's  brush.  From  Fox's  coat-pocket  protrude  two  dice- 
boxes  containing  dice  and  a  label:  Subscription.  From  the  water  (1.) 
emerges  the  head  of  Lord  John  Townshend,  saying.  My  dear  Friend,  don't 
leave  me  in  the  Lurch,  I  can  scarce  keep  chin  above  Water,  and  if  they  bear 
down  upon  me  I  shall  certainly  Sitik.  The  water  surrounding  him  is  littered 
with  torn  scrolls  inscribed  Perjury,  Bribery,  Subornation,  Corruption,  Ex- 
pences.  Violence  (cf.  Nos.  7352,  7366,  &c.).  A  ship  in  full  sail  approaches, 
flying  a  pennant  inscribed  Petition.  On  the  coast  (r.)  are  three  adjacent 
scenes  placed  diagonally,  1.  to  r. :  [i]  inscribed  Landed,  is  headed  Refreshing 

522 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

with  right  Geneva  [gin].  Mrs.  Armstead  drinks  from  a  bottle;  the  Devil 
stands  beside  her  with  a  glass,  one  hand  on  her  shoulder.  [2]  The  next 
scene  is  Settling  the  Election  expences :  Fox  stands  at  a  gaming-table,  throw- 
ing dice  with  three  men  of  French  appearance.  [3]  On  the  extreme  r.  Fox 
leads  Mrs.  Armstead  through  a  doorway  with  the  inscription  Neat  Lodg- 
ings ;  a  bunch  of  grapes  (a  tavern  sign)  hangs  over  it,  indicating  a  brothel. 
On  the  house,  and  above  Mrs.  Armstead,  is  a  placard:  To  be  let  and 
entered  immediately.  This  is  called  Going  with  a  convenient  Friend  to  a  con- 
venient House.  The  two  adjacent  scenes  are  bracketed  as  Ways  and  Means. 
(Cf.  No.  7902.) 

After  the  election,  see  No.  7339,  &c.,  Fox  went  with  Mrs.  Armstead  to 
Switzerland.  Gibbon  wrote  (4  Oct.):  *The  man  of  the  people  escaped 
from  the  bloody  tumult  of  the  Westminster  Election  to  the  lakes  and 
mountains  of  Switzerland,  .  .  .  the  wit  and  beauty  of  his  Companion  are 
not  sufficient  to  excuse  the  scandalous  impropriety  of  shewing  her  to  all 
Europe.  .  .  .'  Letters^  1896,  ii.  179-80.  Cf.  No.  7379,  a  similar  print  on 
Fox's  return. 
8ixi5|-in. 

7371  CHARONS  BOAT:— OR— TOPHAM'S  TRIP,  WITH  HOOD 
TO  HELL. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Au^  22^  iy88  by  J  (}  Gillray  .  .  .  Temple  Bary 

Engraving.  Lord  Hood  (r.)  is  seated  in  the  stern  of  a  boat  facing  Topham 
(1.)  who  stands  in  the  bows  propelling  the  boat  with  a  pole.  Behind  Hood 
is  a  grinning  demon  with  wide-spread  webbed  wings  who  steers,  manipu- 
lating the  rudder  with  a  pitchfork.  Hood  holds  up  his  hands  in  terror; 
a  serpent,  inscribed  Worm  of  Conscience^  is  twined  round  his  arm  and 
gnaws  his  breast.  On  the  shore  (1.)  which  the  boat  approaches  stands 
Cerberus,  with  three  human  heads.  One  has  a  pen  behind  his  ear,  his 
collar  inscribed  Frost  (secretary  of  Hood's  committee),  another  has  a 
medical  implement  attached  to  his  collar  showing  that  he  is  Churchill,  an 
apothecary,  the  third  has  clerical  bands  showing  that  he  is  Home  Tooke, 
all  of  whom  took  an  active  part  in  the  Westminster  by-election  on  the  side 
of  Hood.  Demons  surround  the  boat  on  all  sides,  some  in  the  air  (in  the 
smoke  and  flames  which  ascend  from  Hell),  others  swim  menacingly 
towards  Hood.  A  demon  standing  on  clouds  urinates  a  stream  which  forms 
The  Evening  Star,  and  is  surrounded  by  a  star  resembling  that  appearing 
on  the  heading  of  The  Star  and  Evening  Advertiser.  Three  demons  fly 
towards  Hood  holding  in  their  talons  papers  inscribed  Bills  and  Tradesmens 
Bills.  Papers  fall  or  float  beside  the  boat  inscribed  [i]  Murder!  Murder! 
Macnamara,  [2]  Tookes  list  of  the  KilVd  and  Wounded y  [3]  Massacre  of 
Shipmeny  [4]  Idesons  Bad  Votes,  [5]  Blue  &  Buff  Assassins.  In  the  fore- 
ground a  demon  dances,  holding  a  gridiron  and  frying-pan.  A  little  imp 
seated  by  the  water  reads  The  Bottle  of  Wine  &  Butler  (see  No.  7361). 
On  the  farther  shore  (r.)  a  band  of  horned  imps  plays  on  marrow-bones  and 
cleavers. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339, 
&c.    J.  W.  Ideson  (the  active  vestry-clerk  of  St.  James's  parish)  published 
a  list  of  'bad  votes'  polled  for  Townshend.    Tooke  published  a  letter 
'^  The  words  in  brackets  have  been  almost  obliterated  with  a  pen. 

523 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Stating  that  several  persons  had  died  in  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital  of 
wounds  received  in  riots.  The  City  coroner  announced  that  he  had  held  no 
inquests  on  such  persons.  London  Chronicle^  7  and  16  Aug.  1788.  Tooke 
also  published  a  leaflet  addressed  to  Fox  as  'the  Butcher  of  the  People* 
saying  that  Macnamara  (one  of  Hood's  agents)  was  attacked  first  in  adver- 
tisements and  then  by  ruffians.  B.M.  Add.  MSS.  27837,  fo.  27;  cf.  No. 
7477.  Hood  is  being  punished  for  election  lies  and  violence,  and  is  repre- 
sented as  fearing  arrest  for  debt  now  that  he  is  no  longer  a  M.P. 

The  heads  of  Hood  and  of  Cerberus  have  been  altered  with  heavy  pen- 
strokes,  probably  by  Gillray.  Hood's  nose  has  been  grotesquely  enlarged, 
and  a  cocked  hat  and  pigtail  have  been  added.  A  star  with  the  word  'East' 
has  been  added  to  Topham's  breeches,  implying  that  he  owns  or  edits 
the  Star  (the  first  evening  newspaper).  This  might  be  inferred  from  the 
statement  in  the  first  number  (3  May  1788),  that  it  was  'undertaken  by 
several  gentlemen  of  property  and  character,  who  having  large  commerce 
with  the  World,  are  unavoidably  engaged  in  giving  and  receiving  intelli- 
gence through  the  medium  of  the  public  prints'.  Cf.  No.  7537.  For 
Topham  as  a  ministerial  journalist  see  No.  7369;  for  his  breeches,  cf.  No. 
7330.   For  Frost  (i 750-1 842)  see  State  Trials^  xxii.  471  ff.,  and  D.N.B. 

7372  CONSTITUTIONAL  CLUB. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥hyJ.  Brown.  Oxford  Street  Aug*  26.  iy88. 

Engraving.  Five  men  stand  round  a  table  carving  a  fox  which  fills  a  large 
dish.  Pitt  enters  from  the  r.,  carrying  a  large  sauce-boat  inscribed  Mint 
Sauce  Constitutional  Restorative  and  filled  to  overflowing  with  coins.  He 
wears  a  cook's  apron  and  knife  and  says.  What  pleasure  we  find  in  pursuing 
the  Fox.  Hood,  the  carver  who  stands  at  the  animal's  tail,  turns  to  Pitt 
flourishing  his  knife  and  shouting  Huzza.  His  knife  is  inscribed  Stern^ 
perhaps  a  gibe  for  his  (supposed)  action  in  the  Battle  of  the  Saints  (cf. 
No.  5998).  A  stout  man  next  him  says  The  Traitor  is  seized  on — ,  the  third 
concludes,  and  dies.  Both  give  twisted  smiles.  The  knife  of  the  former  is 
engraved  Mac^  of  the  latter  Bel^  showing  that  they  are  John  Macnamara 
who  proposed  Hood  as  candidate,  and  Lord  Belgrave  who  seconded.  Two 
other  carvers  are  partly  visible  on  the  extreme  1.,  both  saying  Huzza^  their 
knives  are  inscribed  Grah [Marquis  of  Graham]  and  Ba m  [Vis- 
count Bayham,  M.P.  for  Bath,  a  member  of  the  Constitutional  Club,  cf. 
No.  7623].  On  the  extreme  r.  behind  Pitt  the  King  enters  through  a  door 
carrying  a  huge  jug  of  Cheltenham  Water.  Constitutional  Preservative ^  see 
No.  7358.  He  says  Hollo  BoySy  Huzza.  Above  the  door  is  a  crown.  Above 
the  carvers  is  an  escutcheon  with  clasped  hands  and  the  motto  Love  & 
Honor.  The  supporters  are  dexter  a  sceptre  and  sinister  a  key,  see  No. 
6564,  &c. ;  the  crest  is  an  anchor.  Over  the  heads  of  Hood  and  Pitt  is  a 
picture :  Plan  for  Limiting  the  Freedom  of  Election.  Two  men  hold  a  bull 
(John  Bull)  by  a  rope,  the  foremost  being  Hood,  while  Pitt  raises  an 
axe  to  strike  the  animal.  Above  the  axe  is  written  Cluby  above  the  bull, 
Constitution. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Westminster  by-election,  see  No.  7339,  &c. 
The  Constitutional  Club  (cf.  No.  7506)  was  formed  to  counteract  the 
influence  of  the  Whig  Club,  and  appears  to  have  been  founded  (or  revived) 
at  the  time  of  the  Westminster  Election  of  1788.   It  adopted  a  uniform  in 

524 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

opposition  to  the  blue  and  buff  of  the  Whigs.    Buckingham,  Courts  and 
Cabinets  of  George  Illy  i.  418;  Letters  and  Corr.  of  J.  B.  BurgeSy  1885, 
p.  126.    It  is  not  to  be  confused  with  the  Constitutional  Society,  see 
No.  6246. 
7|Xioiin. 

7373  THE  YORK  JIG, 
Ralph  Juvenal  Esq*  Fed 
[?  James  Hook.] 

Puh^  Sep  9.  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N'  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duke  of  York  (r.)  dances  a  jig  or 
hornpipe  with  a  housemaid  wearing  a  mob-cap  and  apron,  who  holds  up 
a  broom.  The  mistress  of  the  house  sits  on  a  settee  against  the  wall,  watch- 
them  with  gestures  of  rage  and  indignation.  Two  men,  blowing  wind- 
instruments,  watch  from  a  musicians'  gallery  (1.),  on  which  is  inscribed 
Horns!  Horns!  Horns!  Under  the  gallery  persons  are  indicated  turning  their 
backs  on  the  dancers.  After  the  title  is  etched :  Hie  esty  cujus  amans  hospita 
capta  dolo  est.   Beneath  are  the  verses : 

See  See  the  fair  one  by  her  Guest  betray^ d^ 
By  York  deserted — rivalVd  by  her  Maid 
T — r — n — /,  lovely  Bridcy  no  longer  mourn 
His  love,  since  Spider  Brushers  serve  his  Turn, 
The  Cook  maid  next  will  strike  this  loving  Man 
With  Kissing  CrustSy  &  Meat  sops  in  the  Pan. 
For  the  Duke  of  York's  attachment  to  Lady  Tyrconnel  see  Wraxall, 
MemoirSy  1884,  v.  201.  She  married  Lord  Tyrconnel  in  1780  as  his  second 
wife.   See  also  Nos.  7530,  7633,  7741. 
11JX9I  in. 

7374  THE  FAIR  QUAKER  OF  CHELTENHAM. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  George  III,  plainly 
dressed  and  wearing  a  broad-brimmed  hat,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r., 
addressing  a  pretty  young  woman  seated  on  a  stile.  They  are  under  a  large 
tree  on  whose  trunk  is  fixed  a  sign  pointing  To  Cheltenham  Spa.  A  path 
from  the  stile  leads  to  the  village  of  Cheltenham  in  the  background. 
Behind  the  tree  Queen  Charlotte  watches  the  conversation.  On  a  hill  (1.) 
is  a  pavilion  on  wheels.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Did  you  know  the  Lad  that  Courts  you 

He  not  long  need  sue  in  Vain 

Prince  of  Songs  of  Dance  of  Sports: 

You  Scarce  mil  meet  his  like  again. 

Midas 
The  legend  of  George  Ill's  attachment  (c.  1753)  to  a  'fair  quaker', 
Hannah  Lightfoot,  is  traced  by  W.  B.  Boulton  from  a  nev/spaper  para- 
graph in  1776  to  its  final  discrediting  in  1866.  In  the  Days  of  the  Georges y 
1909,  pp.  87-138.  Cf.  Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  i.  305.  For  the  King's 
visit  to  Cheltenham  see  No.  7358,  &c.  The  print  may  relate  to  some 
eccentricity  of  the  King  at  Cheltenham:  during  his  insanity  he  showed 
great  interest  in  Quakers.  Diaries  of  R.  F.  Grevillcy  1930,  p.  213. 
8fxi3f  in. 

525 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7375  [A  CANTERBURY  TALE.] 

[Pu¥  Nov'  5'*  1^88,  by  SW  Fores  N'>  3  Piccadilly] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  original  title  and  imprint  have  been 
cut  off  and  replaced  by  the  above  title  in  ink,  on  a  strip  of  paper  pasted  to 
the  print.  Fox,  Hanger,  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  stand  in  a  boat  against 
a  high  stone  v^^all,  over  which  looks  Burke,  handing  down  to  them  a  bag 
of  plunder,  saying.  Damme  Charly  dont  leave  me  in  the  Lurch.  Fox  stands 
in  the  bows,  pushing  off  with  a  boat-hook,  saying.  Self  preservation  is  the 
First  Law  in  Nature.  Hanger  says,  Push  of  Push  of  Charly.  The  Prince, 
behind,  identified  by  his  star,  says,  Push  of.  Behind  Burke  is  the  corner 
of  a  Gothic  building. 

The  ( ?)  suppressed  title  would  perhaps  have  been  explanatory :  the  bank- 
rupt Foxites  appear  to  have  been  robbing  Lambeth  Palace,  see  under 
No.  7630,  and  cf.  Nos.  6468,  &c.,  7344.    The  altered  state  shows  the 
transformation  in  their  prospects  made  by  the  King's  illness. 
7/0X9!  in. 

7375  A   A  CANTERBURY  TALE. 

Pub,  Noff  5^*  1788.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N<*  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  altered  version  of  No.  7375.  Fox 
wears  a  mitre ;  the  bag  which  Burke  hands  to  Fox  is  inscribed  Robes :  he  says, 
Here  take  the  Robes  my  Lord.  Fox  stretches  out  a  hand  for  the  bag,  saying, 
/  should  make  an  Excellent  Bishop.  Hanger  says  An  Arch — one.  The  star 
has  been  erased  from  the  Prince's  coat,  and  the  characterization  being  poor 
he  cannot  be  identified ;  he  says,  By  the  Grace  of  God  Arch — Bishop  Charles. 
Evidently  an  anticipation  of  the  eff^ects  of  the  King's  insanity:  his  con- 
duct at  the  levee  of  24  Oct.  gave  rise  to  comment,  and  rumours  were 
current  during  the  last  week  of  the  month.  The  King's  condition  was 
announced  to  the  Ministers  on  6  Nov.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  188-9. 
For  the  Regency  crisis  see  No.  7377,  &c. 

7376  LE  DEFECIT 
[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  by  SW  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly  Nov.  12,  iy88. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  partly  coloured  impressions).  Louis  XVI  (r.) 
stands,  knock-kneed,  pointing  out  to  Necker  a  pile  of  empty  treasure- chests ; 

he  says,  M'  N r  //  n'y  sonts  [sic]  plus.    Necker  shrugs  despairingly, 

saying,  J' en  ai  cependant  laisses.  Many  chests  are  ranged  round  the  room, 
all  inscribed  Vuide.  Two  men  leave  a  door  on  the  1.  with  large  sacks  on 
their  shoulders.  One  (1.),  Calonne,  says,  Je  lestiens,  coins  fall  from  his 
pocket  with  a  label,  requete  au  roi.  The  other,  who  follows  him,  wearing  a 
long  robe,  says,  J'ai  le  reste.  He  is  Lomenie  de  Brienne,  Cardinal  and 
Archbishop  of  Sens.   Over  the  door  is  inscribed  Faux  fuyans. 

A  satire  on  the  financial  crisis  on  the  eve  of  the  French  Revolution,  and 
on  the  two  ex-Ministers  of  Finance.  A  decree  of  16  Aug.  1788  announced 
that  a  large  proportion  of  the  public  liabilities  would  be  paid  in  paper ;  the 
long-standing  deficit  thus  became  insolvency.  On  26  Aug.  Necker  was 
appointed  Minister  of  Finance  with  the  title  of  Secretary  of  State.  Camb, 
Mod.  Hist.  viii.  115. 

526 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

The  persons  are  identified  in  a  contemporary  French  hand  on  an 
impression  without  imprint  in  the  Broadley  Collection,  vol.  iv  (West- 
minster Public  Library).  Calonne  was  dismissed  on  17  Apr.  1787  and 
succeeded  by  Lomenie  de  Brienne  who  (virtually  dismissed)  resigned 
25  Aug.  1788,  loaded  with  favours.  Their  names  are  associated  in  many 
French  satires  of  1788-9.  Perhaps  intended  for  circulation  in  France. 
Similar  in  character  to  No.  7553. 

De  Vinck,  No.  1399. 
8ixi3iin. 

7377  DEAD.   POSITIVELY  DEAD 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub  Nov  16  iy88  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  secret  negotiations  between  Thurlow  and  the 
Prince  of  Wales  during  the  King's  insanity.  Thurlow  stands  defiantly, 
putting  on  (turning)  his  coat,  and  saying.  This  side  will  do  as  well  as  the 
Other.  Beside  him  (1.)  is  the  Prince  of  Wales,  a  handkerchief  to  his  face 
as  if  weeping,  while  he  tramples  on  a  paper :  Prayer  for  Restorat**  his 
Maj[esty's]  Health.  Words  are  etched  on  both  side  of  his  head:  Make 
Haste,  addressed  to  Sheridan  (1.),  who  hastens  from  the  door,  carrying  on 
his  shoulders  a  trunk  inscribed  Despatches  for  C.  F — x,  and  (r.)  We  must 
keep  up  Appearances.  On  the  r.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  is  enthroned  under  a 
canopy  on  a  circular  dais;  a  lady  (1.),  wearing  the  Prince's  feathers  in  her 
hair,  puts  on  her  head  a  crown,  saying.  Hail  beautious  Queen.  Another 
lady  (r.)  holds  the  orb.  These  are  inscribed  respectively  Gloc  and  Gum 
and  are  identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  Mrs.  Dawkins  and  Miss  Pigott. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  crisis  resulting  from  the  King's  illness, 
especially  interesting  in  showing  how  early  the  negotiations  of  Thurlow 
with  the  Prince  were  suspected,  as  a  result  of  his  interviews  with  Sheridan 
and  the  Prince  of  Wales;  see  letters  of  30  Nov.  1788,  Buckingham,  Courts 
and  Cabinets  of  George  HI,  ii.  23  ff.;  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt ,  i.  312  if.  (See 
also  No.  7398.)  Wraxall  writes:  'Political  prints  .  .  .  represented  him 
stripping  off  his  coat  and  turning  it  inside  out,  .  .  .  with  an  appropriate 
observation  that  "one  side  would  do  as  well  as  the  other".'  Memoirs,  1884, 
V.  224.  On  9  Nov.  the  King  was  thought  to  be  dying.  An  express  was 
sent  to  Fox  at  Bologna  and  he  reached  England  on  24  Nov.  See  No. 
7379,  &c.  For  the  Regency  crisis  see  also  Nos.  7375,  7378-98,  7474-526, 
7528,  7538,  7649,  and  cf.  Nos.  7531,  &c.,  7554,  7557-  For  Thurlow  and 
Pitt  cf.  Nos.  7334,  &c.,  8097,  &c. 
9jXi3jin. 

7377  A  An  earlier  state,  coloured,  differing  only  by  the  absence  of  the 
inscriptions  Gloc  and  Gum. 

7378  FILIAL  PIETY! 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  25.  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  and  resembling  a  pen-drawing.  The  Prince 
of  Wales  in  a  drunken  frolic  enters  the  King's  bedroom,  followed  by 

^  527 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Hanger  and  Sheridan.  The  King  (r.)  Hes  under  a  tent-shaped  canopy  with 
curtainsf  he  turns  his  head  from  his  son,  looking  down  with  an  expression 
of  misery ;  his  r.  arm  is  outstretched  as  if  to  ward  off  the  intruders.  By  his 
bedside,  between  the  Prince  and  the  King,  sits  an  elderly  bishop,  exclaim- 
ing in  horror;  in  his  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed  A  Prayer  Restoration  of 
Health  Amen.  The  Prince  has  overturned  a  circular  table,  a  Communion 
cup  lies  on  the  ground.    He  reels  drunkenly  with  folded  arms,  saying, 

''Damme J  come  along ^  Fll  see  if  the  Old  Fellow's or  not" — .   Hanger 

and  Sheridan  are  dancing  with  glee.  Hanger,  wearing  his  hat,  holds  a  bottle 
in  both  hands;  Sheridan  waves  his  hat.  On  the  wall  is  a  picture  of  The 
Prodigal  Son,  partly  obscured  by  the  label  issuing  from  the  Prince's  mouth. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.,  in  which, 
however,  the  Prince  is  usually  treated  with  ccv^ect,  cf.  the  implication  of 
No.  7380. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  229. 
8jxi2jin. 

7379  CHARLEY'S  RETURN  FROM  OVER  THE  WATER. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W,  Dent  Nov  2&^  iy88   Sold  by  W  Moore.  Oxford  Street  of 
whom  may  be  had  the  Flight  to  Switzerland 

Engraving.  Fox  steps  from  a  boat,  and  is  greeted  vociferously  by  his  sup- 
porters. One  foot  is  on  land,  the  other  in  the  boat,  in  which  stands  Mrs. 
Armstead,  whose  hand  Fox  holds,  about  to  lead  her  to  shore.  In  his  r. 
hand  are  his  hat  and  a  netted  bag  within  which  are  cards  and  dice-boxes. 
Mrs.  Armstead,  who  is  flamboyantly  dressed  and  wears  a  large  hat  trimmed 
with  feathers  and  a  fox's  brush,  holds  under  her  1.  arm  a  cask  inscribed 
Geneva  [gin],  cf.  No.  7370.  The  boat  is  the  Prince  of  Wales  Cutter,  of 
Pickled  Herring  Stairs  \  it  is  propelled  by  a  grinning  Devil,  who  uses  the 
end  of  his  pitchfork  as  a  punt-pole,  and  is  dressed  in  a  sailor's  striped 
trousers.  Two  small  demons  stand  on  the  shore  blowing  trumpets ;  to  one 
is  attached  a  banner  inscribed  Morning  Herald.  A  band  of  Fox's  supporters 
kneels  to  receive  him;  their  leader  is  Hall  the  apothecary,  a  pen  thrust 
through  the  side-curl  of  his  wig;  he  holds  out  to  Fox  his  apothecary's 
mortar  which  contains  the  crown  and  a  sceptre;  it  is  inscribed  Regen[t] 
Man  Midwife.  Behind  him  kneels  Burke,  his  raised  hands  clasped;  he  is 
dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026)  but  has  a  bald  head.  Less  prominent  are 
Sheridan,  between  Burke  and  Hall,  Lord  John  Townshend  ( ?)  behind 
Burke,  and  George  Hanger,  whose  eye  and  nose  only  are  visible.  A  label 
floats  above  their  heads:  O  Blessed  Return!  hadst  thou  been  lost  it  would 
have  been  all  Dicky  with  us.  Behind  them  and  in  the  background  is  the 
plebeian  mob,  densely  packed  and  waving  hats,  one  man  has  a  marrow- 
bone and  cleaver.  A  ballad-singer  bawls  A  new  Song  Landing  of  the  Revolu- 
tion Pair.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Over  the  water,  over  the  lee. 
And  over  the  water  went  Charley, 
*  Charley  loves  his  Box  and  Dice, 

And  Charley  loves  good  Brandy, 

And  Charley  loves  his  pretty  Wench 
As  sweet  as  sugar  Candy. 

528 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

Over  the  Water ^  over  the  lee^ 
And  over  the  water  with  Charley y 

Ar d  tuckt  her  Petticoats  up. 

For  she  loves  Gin  and  Brandy y 

And  Ar d  loves  her  Charley  Boy 

As  sweet  as  sugar  Candy. 

Over  the  water,  over  the  lee. 
And  over  the  water  to  Charley, 

Charley  loves  Rare  News,  as  well 
As  she  loves  Gin  and  Brandy, 

So  Charley  returns  to  his  P 

As  sweet  as  sugar  Candy. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  Fox 
returned  from  Bologna  (after  nine  days'  travelling)  on  24  Nov.;  he  left 
Mrs.  Armstead  at  Lyons  in  order  to  travel  more  rapidly.  Wraxall, 
Memoirs,  1884,  v.  202.  See  also  No.  7380,  &c.;  for  his  departure  with 
Mrs.  Armstead  see  No.  7370.  *  Revolution'  at  this  date  connotes  the 
revolution  of  1688-9  ^^^  therefore  Whig  principles,  cf.  No.  7489. 
7|Xi3iin. 

7380  KING  HENRY  IVTH    THE  LAST  SCENE. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub.  Nov''  2g.  iy88.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N.  3  Piccadilly   Shortly  will  be 
published.  A  series  of  Plate  from  K.  Henry  IV. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  as  Falstaff,  enormously  fat,  v^^ith  a 
pleased  smile,  stands  declaiming :  The  Laws  of  England  are  at  my  com- 
mandment. Happy  are  they  which  have  been  my  friends;  &  woe  to  my  Lord 
Chanc^.  On  the  r.  stands  Hanger  as  Pistol,  in  a  swaggering  attitude,  legs 
astride,  1.  hand  on  his  bludgeon  (cf.  No.  6924),  r.  on  his  hip.  He  is  in 
Elizabethan  dress,  but  wears  an  enormous  cocked  hat  and  a  large  sabre. 
He  says : 

Sir  John,  thy  under  lambkin  now  is  King 
Harry  the  fifth's  the  man.  I  speak  the  truth 
When  Pistol  lies,  do  thus;  and  fig  me,  like 
The  bragging  Spaniard. 

On  the  1.,  clasping  his  hands  ecstatically,  stands  Sheridan  as  Bardolph,  his 
face  bloated  with  drink.  He  says,  O  joyful  day!— I  would  not  take  a  Knight- 
hood for  my  fortune.  Between  and  behind  Sheridan  and  Fox  stands  Shallow 
(Duke  of  Norfolk),  rather  disconsolate,  saying.  Sir  John,  /  hope  you'll  pay 
me  back  my  Thousand  Pounds.  In  the  background  is  the  colonnade  of 
Carlton  House,  and  (1.)  the  back  of  Fox's  travelling-carriage,  inscribed, 
From  Bologna.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

"To  ride  day  &  night;  not  to  deliberate,  not  to  remember,  not  to  have 
^* patience  to  shift  me,  but  to  stand  stained  with  travel,  &  sweating  with  desire 
*'to  see  him;  thinking  of  nothing  else;  putting  all  affairs  else  in  oblivion;  as 
*' if  there  were  nothing  else  to  be  done,  but  to  see  him" — 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  For 
Fox's  hurried  return  from  Bologna  see  Nos.  7377,  7379,  7381.    For  Fox 

529  Mm 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

as  FalstafF  see  No.  6974,  &c.  The  alteration  of  *my  lord  chief  justice'  to 
*my  Lord  Chancellor*  indicates  Fox's  opposition  to  the  negotiations  with 
Thurlow  (cf.  No.  7377),  see  Moore,  Life  of  Sheridan,  1825,  pp.  407-10. 

In  the  debate  of  19  Dec.  Martin  compared  Fox's  mention  of  a  change 
of  administration  to  the  scene  in  Henry  IV,  'where  Falstaff  reckoned  upon 
what  would  be  done  for  him  and  his  associates  when  the  Prince  should 
come  to  the  crown  .  .  .'.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  793.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884, 
p.  231. 

Gillray  wrote  in  March  1789  to  Fores  asking  for  payment  for  this  plate 
{£2  2s.)  and  Nos.  7381,  7422.    Broadley,  Napoleon  in  Caricature,  1911, 
i.  36-7. 
9-JXi6i  in. 

7381  BOLOGNA-SAUSAGES,  OR  OPPOSITION  FLUX'D. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec'  12*^  iy88.  by  S.  W,  Fores.  N'>  3.  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  runs  hurriedly  from  the  House  of 
Commons  through  an  arched  doorway;  he  excretes  as  he  runs,  saying, 
/  never  said  he  had  a  right  to  the  Regency  I  didn't  indeed!  indeed  I  didn't!  In 
a  porter's  chair  (r.)  sits  an  elderly  man  (Cornwall,  the  Speaker),  his  hands 
raised,  saying  with  a  shocked  expression.  Lord!  Lord!  What  will  this  Home 
come  to?  On  the  1.  stands  Weltje,  very  stiff  and  tall,  his  hands  raised,  say- 
ing, No  right  to  de  Regency?  den  by  Got!  we  shall  loose  all  de  Sausages!  He 
wears  a  looped-up  apron ;  sauce-ladles  are  thrust  through  his  apron-string. 
Through  the  archway  appear,  obliquely,  the  Opposition  benches ;  they  are 
crowded  with  members  (also  excreting)  whose  faces  and  gestures  express 
consternation.  In  front  sit  North,  with  his  eyes  bandaged,  indicating  his 
blindness,  Sheridan,  and  Burke.  Facing  them,  the  profile  of  Pitt  is  seen 
through  the  doorway,  saying,  ''The  Prince  of  Wales  has  no  more  right  to  a 
''succession  to  the  Regency,  than  any  other  Subject*,  and  whoever  asserts  tJie 
"contrary,  speaks  little  less  than  Treason! — /  repeat,  than  Treason!'' 
*  without  the  Consent  of  Parliament. 

A  satire  on  the  famous  debate  of  10  Dec.  when  Pitt  is  reputed  to  have 
said  of  Fox  'I'll  unwhig  the  gentleman'.  Pitt  said  to  assert  a  right  in  the 
Prince  to  the  Regency  'independent  of  the  decision  of  the  two  Houses  of 
Parliament  was  little  less  than  treason  to  the  constitution  of  the  country'. 
Fox  said  if  the  two  houses  arrogated  a  power  to  which  they  had  no  right 
*they  acted  contrary  to  the  spirit  of  the  constitution  and  would  be  guilty 
of  treason'.  Burke  asked,  'Where  was  the  freedom  of  debate  ...  if  the 
rights  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  could  not  be  spoken  of  in  that  House,  without 
their  being  liable  to  be  charged  with  treason  by  one  of  the  Prince's  com- 
petitors' (see  No.  7382,  &c.).  Pitt  then  appealed  to  the  Whig  doctrine  of 
the  Revolution.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  706-7,  709,  713,  714-16;  Wraxall, 
Memoirs,  1884,  v.  209  fF. ;  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  415  ff.,  and 
No.  7382,  &c.  Fox  had  returned  post-haste  from  Bologna,  see  No.  7380, 
&c.,  7382,  7390,  7391,  7476,  and  his  journey  had  brought  on  dysentery. 
For  the  Regency  crisis  see  No.  7377,  &c. 

Gillray  wrote  to  Fores  in  March  1789  asking  for  payment  (£2  2s.)  for 
this  plate,  see  Nos.  7380,  7422. 
9fXi3in. 

530 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7382  THE  COMPETITORS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  Dec,  12  iy88  Sold  by  W.  Moore  Oxford  S*. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  The  Prince  of  Wales  and  Pitt  compete  for 
the  crown  which  lies  on  the  ground  (r.).  Both  lean  towards  it,  but  the 
sturdy  Prince  has  seized  Pitt  (who  is  grotesquely  thin)  round  the  waist, 
and  is  about  to  trip  him  up.  The  Prince's  r.  foot  treads  on  a  bag  from 
which  a  squalling  cat  labelled  [Ki]ng  William  Fourth  [Pitt]  is  escaping. 
Pitt's  1.  foot  is  on  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  which  have  the  motto 
/  command  in  place  of  'Ich  dien'.  A  scroll  floats  from  Pitt  inscribed 
TReasoTiy  TReason^  TReason.  At  the  back  of  the  Prince's  head  and  facing 
Pitt  is  part  of  the  profile  of  Fox,  almost  concealed ;  from  it  floats  a  similar 
scroll:  Reason^  Reason^  Reason.    (Cf.  No.  7391.)    The  Prince  says.  My 

Right No  Scare-crow  shall  Master  me. 

For  the  Regency  crisis  see  No.  7377,  &c.  A  satire  on  the  debate  of 
10  Dec,  when  Burke  had  charged  Pitt  with  being  'one  of  the  Prince's 
competitors'  and  charges  of  treason  had  been  exchanged  between  Pitt  and 
Fox,  see  No.  7381 .  For  this  debate  and  for  Pitt  as  'William  IV'  cf.  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  252,  280.  Cf.  also  Nos.  7383,  7384,  7386,  7392,  &c., 
7475>  7478,  7479»  7494.  749S>  7502,  7503»  7504- 
7jXiof  in. 

7383  THE  PROSPECT  BEFORE  US. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Dec^  20.  iy88  {According  to  Act  of  Parlament)  by  Tom  Brown 
Spa  Fields  Chelsea 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Mrs.  Schwellenberg, 
followed  by  the  Queen,  who  is  held  in  leading-strings  by  Pitt,  advances 
towards  the  House  of  Lords  (1.)  from  the  Treasury  whose  barred  gate  is  on 
the  extreme  r.  Mrs.  Schwellenberg,  very  gross  and  ugly,  holds  the  bag 
of  the  Great  Seal  in  place  of  a  muflp;  a  large  mace  rests  against  her  shoulder. 
She  turns  to  the  Queen,  saying,  Take  care  to  secure  the  [word  erased] 
Jewels — /  have  hitherto  been  confined  to  the  wardrobe  but  now  mean  to  preside 
at  the  council  and  with  Billyhs  assistance  the  name  of  Schwellenbig  shall  be 
trumpeted  to  the  remotest  corner  of  Rag  Fair!  The  Queen,  walking  in 
profile,  says,  /  know  nothing  of  the  matter  I  follow  Billy's  advice.  Half  a 
royal  crown  is  suspended  over  her  head,  the  other  half  being  above  that  of 
Pitt.  She  tramples  upon  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  and  coronet,  which 
are  inscribed  My  Sons  Right.  In  her  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed  Taxes  lySg 
By  Bllys  [sic]  Desire— Petticoats  [cf.  No.  8054]— 5/7/e  and  Buff  Cloth- 
Devonshire  Brown  Silk — Portland  StonYe] — Fox  Muffs  (indicating  the  pro- 
scription of  the  Opposition).  Pitt  walks  behind  the  Queen  holding  a  piece 
of  drapery  (leading-strings)  attached  to  her  shoulder.  He  says.  Behind  this 
petticoat  battery  with  the  assistance  of  uncle  Toby  [Richmond,  cf.  No.  6921], 
/  shall  beat  down  the  legal  fortifications  of  this  Ishy  and  secure  the  Treasury 
at  the  next  general  Election.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed  /  think  myself 
as  much  entitled  to  be  Regent  as  the  Prince  of  Wales.  Spectators  stand  in 
front  of  the  Treasury  door.  The  most  prominent  is  Hastings,  wearing  a 
jewelled  turban  with  European  dress ;  he  lifts  up  his  arm,  exclaiming,  My 

531 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Diamonds  will  now  befriend  me.  Huzza.  (Cf.  No.  6966,  &c.)  A  man  wear- 
ing blue  and  buff  says,  he  never  meddled  with  a  Petticoat  before. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  Pitt  was 
accused  of  aiming  at  the  Crown,  that  is,  of  intending  to  estabHsh  a  Regency 
Council  headed  by  himself.  For  Pitt  as  the  Prince's  competitor,  see  No. 
7382,  &c.  Sir  G.  Elliot  wrote,  29  Dec,  'She  [the  Queen]  is  playing  the 
devil,  and  has  been  all  this  time  at  the  bottom  of  the  cavils  and  intrigues 
against  the  Prince.'  Life  and  Letters,  i.  252.  See  No.  7510,  &c. 
8iixi2|in. 

7384  THE  Q.A.  [QUEEN'S  ASS]  LOADED  WITH  THE  SPOILS  OF 
INDIA  AND  BRITAIN.  [c.  Dec.  1788]^ 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt  rides  (r.  to  1.)  a 
zebra;  he  sits  on  the  animal's  hind  quarters,  flourishing  a  whip ;  before  him 
are  two  panniers  filled  with  jewels,  one  inscribed  Rights  and  Wrongs.  From 
the  zebra's  neck  hangs  a  large  jewel  inscribed  Bulse.  He  says,  /  have  thrown 
off  the  Mask.  I  can  blind  the  people  no  longer  and  must  now  carry  every  thing 
by  my  bought  Majority.  The  zebra  (the  Queen)  is  led  by  Dundas  (1.)^  and 
urged  on  by  Richmond  (r.),  who  prods  it  with  a  goad.  It  says.  What  are 
Childrens  rights  to  Ambition — /  zvill  rule  in  spite  of  them  if  I  can  conceal  things 
at  Q.    [Kew.]    In  front  of  Dundas  (1.)  is  a  signpost:  To  Tower  Hill  by 

B m  [Buckingham]  house.   Dundas  turns  his  head  to  shout  at  Pitt :  So 

many  Scotchmen  have  left  their  heads  behind  in  this  d d  tower  for  treason 

I  begin  to  tremble  as  much  as  thief  in  the  rear  for  my  own.  Richmond,  noted 
for  his  unfailing  support  of  Pitt,  says.  Skulking  in  the  rear  out  of  sight  suits 
best  my  character.  Behind  him  (r.)  is  a  cannon. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  cf.  No.  7383,  where  also  the 
Queen  is  accused  of  trampling  on  the  rights  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  and 
No.  7510,  &c.  On  30  Dec.  Pitt's  proposals  for  a  Regency  were  submitted 
to  the  Prince :  the  care  of  the  King  and  the  control  of  his  household  to  be 
vested  in  the  Queen.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  p.  420.  For  the 
bulse  see  No.  6966,  &c.  A  zebra  belonging  to  the  Queen  {c.  1762)  was 
known  as  the  Queen's  Ass,  see  Nos.  3870,  &c.,  7488.  For  Richmond,  cf. 
No.  7389. 
8fxi2fin. 

7385  THE  POLITICAL  HYDRA. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Dec'  26.  iy88  by  S.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Six  heads,  full-face,  of 
Fox,  arranged  in  a  row,  all  with  eyes  closed  or  looking  down. 

[i]  Out  of  Place  In  Character,  with  tousled  hair  and  ill-shaved  face. 

[2]  In  Place  Out  of  Character,  with  powdered  hair  and  well-shaved  face. 
Cf.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  ii.  269-74. 

[3]  As  he  might  have  been.  The  cap  of  Liberty  is  just  above  his  head. 

*  Miss  Banks  has  written  'nearly  about  Dec^  20  1788*. 

*  Identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  Thurlow:  the  resemblance  to  either  is  inconclu- 
sive, though  pointing  to  Thurlow,  but  the  inscription  indicates  Dundas. 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

[4]  As  he  wo^  have  been.  A  ducal  coronet  is  just  above  his  (powdered)  head. 

[5]  As  he  should  have  been.  Blood  drips  from  his  decapitated  head  on 
which  is  a  cap. 

[6]  As  he  will  be.  The  Prince  of  Wales's  coronet  and  feathers  are  just 
above  his  powdered  hair  on  which  is  the  word  Regent. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  This  plate 
was  reissued  with  the  date  16  Apr.  1806. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  231,  ii.  58. 
6iXi3jin. 

7386  THE  TIMES.  [Dec.  1788] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  In  the  centre  of  the  design  is  the  Coronation  Chair  (in  West- 
minster Abbey,  as  in  No.  7485),  raised  on  four  steps.  Britannia  on  the  r. 
of  the  Chair  takes  the  hand  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  who  is  on  the  1.,  to  lead 
him  up  to  it ;  each  rests  a  foot  on  the  lowest  step,  inscribed  Voice  of  the 
People.  The  other  steps  are  Public  Safety,  Patriotism^  Virtue.  Britannia 
points  with  her  1.  hand  at  Pitt  and  three  maniacal  and  screaming  Furies 
on  the  r.  whom  she  is  putting  to  flight.  She  says :  /  have  been  long  deceived 
by  Hypocrisy  but  have  at  last  discovered  an  Intention  of  sacrifising  the  rights 
of  my  people  to  satisfy  a  private  ambition.  Pitt,  fleeing  terror-struck,  turns 
his  head  to  say:  A  long  farewell  to  all  my  greatness.  From  his  pocket  pro- 
trude papers  inscribed  Shop  Tax  (see  No.  6798,  &c.)  and  Commutation 
(see  No.  6634,  &c.).  The  Furies  are  half-naked  hags  with  writhing  serpents 
for  hair ;  one,  whose  belt  is  inscribed  Falshood,  holds  in  one  hand  serpents, 
in  the  other  a  flaming  torch  inscribed  Rebellion;  Envy  tears  her  hair, 
shrieking.  The  British  lion,  beside  Pitt,  looks  from  behind  Britannia's 
shield  at  his  mistress,  roaring  angrily.  The  Prince  is  being  ushered  to  the 
throne  by  Liberty  and  Justice,  who  are  pretty  young  women  carrying  their 
accustomed  symbols.  Commerce  reclines  on  the  extreme  1.,  leaning  on  a 
bale  inscribed  CommercCy  and  looking  admiringly  up  at  her  two  com- 
panions. The  Lord  Mayor,  followed  by  other  citizens,  advances  from  the 
1.,  carrying  the  mace;  the  arms  of  the  City  decorate  his  gown.  He  says: 
Whilst  we  mourn  the  occasion  w^  must  feel  ourselves  happy  in  reflecting  that 
we  are  blessed  by  a  Prince  whose  wisdom  will  protect  our  liberties,  whose 
Virtues  will  afford  stability  to  Empire.  The  background  is  a  wall  with 
Gothic  mouldings  and  windows.   A  crown  is  suspended  above  the  Chair. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  There 
was  a  party  in  the  City  strongly  opposed  to  the  address  to  Pitt  moved  by 
Dornford,  see  No.  7388.  The  Mayor  was  William  Gill.  For  Pitt  as  the 
Prince's  competitor,  see  No.  7382,  &c.  See  No.  7387,  a  parody  of  this 
print. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  no. 
ii^Xi6f  in. 

7387  A  TOUCH  ON  THE  TIMES. 
[?  Rowlandson.] 

Pub.  Dec"^  2g.  iy88.  by  S.  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly — 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  parody  jof  No.  7386. 
The  Prince  and  Britannia  stand  on  each  side  of  the  Coronation  Chair  as 

533 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

in  No.  7386.  Its  Gothic  carvings  are  altered  to  satyrs'  heads.  On  the  back 
of  the  Chair  is  a  small  money-bag  inscribed  Virtue.  The  Prince  and 
Britannia  stand  as  before,  but  the  foot  which  she  places  on  the  step  in- 
scribed The  Voice  of  the  People  is  a  cloven  hoof.  The  next  step,  Publick 
Safety^  is  badly  cracked ;  the  other  steps  are  blank.  No  words  come  from 
Britannia's  mouth ;  the  Prince  says,  /  woud  do  the  best  to  please  my  People. 
Liberty  and  Justice  are  transformed  into  Sheridan  and  Fox.  Sheridan, 
wearing  ragged  clothes,  holds  the  cap  of  Liberty  on  a  broom ;  he  puts  one 
hand  on  the  Prince's  shoulder  while  he  steals  a  handkerchief  from  his  coat- 
pocket.  Fox,  in  place  of  Justice's  sword,  holds  a  bludgeon  in  the  head  of 
which  is  an  eye  which  drips  blood  (in  the  coloured  version) ;  he  holds  up 
an  evenly-balanced  pair  of  scales,  formed  of  two  dice-boxes.  His  eye- 
bandage  is  pushed  up  on  his  forehead  and  he  says,  /  have  the  Voice  of  the 
People  in  my  Eye.  Commerce  is  transformed  from  a  comely  young  woman 
into  a  drunken  hag  who  holds  up  a  glass  oigin.  The  Mayor  says.  We  have 
not  been  taxed  this  twelvemonth.  Pitt,  instead  of  being  the  colleague  of  the 
Furies,  attacks  them :  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  up  a  large  conical  extinguisher 
with  which  he  is  about  to  put  out  the  torch  of  Rebellion.  He  says,  /  could 
soon  extinguish  these  Puppet  Shew  Vapours  if  properly  supported.  The  Fury 
holds  up  two  torches,  one  of  Rebelliony  the  other  Puppet  Shew.  He  puts  his 
1.  foot  on  the  prostrate  head  of  Envyy  who  is  holding  up  a  fire-brand.  The 
third  fury  (Falsehood)  has  disappeared.  The  British  Lion  looks  from 
behind  Britannia's  shield  snarling  ferociously  in  defence  of  Pitt. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  231-2. 
9|Xi3|in. 

7388  KING  PITT  A  CUT  PURSE  OF  THE  EMPIRE  AND  THE 
RULE  THAT  FROM  A  SHELF  THE  PRECIOUS  DIADEM  STOLE, 
AND  PUT  IT  IN  HIS  POCKET.  Hamlet. 

Michael  Angela  deleniavit  Marc  Antonio  fec^ 

Dec'  2g^^  iy88.  Publishd  by  M''  Bradshazv  Coventry  Street,  Miss 
Humphrey  Bond  Street  AT"  5J. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  Either  the  original  or  a  copy  of  No.  7389. 
The  Prince  of  Wales  lies  on  his  back,  much  foreshortened,  his  head  towards 
the  spectator,  arms  outstretched,  his  feathers  and  coronet  by  his  1.  hand. 
On  his  body  stand  the  Duke  of  Grafton  (1.)  and  the  Duke  of  Richmond 
(r.) ;  the  former's  r.  foot  is  on  the  Prince's  1.  hand,  his  1.  foot  on  his  chest. 
Richmond's  1.  foot  is  on  the  Prince's  r.  hand,  his  r.  foot  on  his  chest;  he 
stoops  to  look  at  the  Prince,  resting  his  hands  on  his  knees.  Lord  Sydney, 
partly  concealed  by  the  legs  of  the  two  dukes,  sits  on  the  Prince,  his  head 
turned  in  profil  perdu.   Pitt  stands  with  his  r.  foot  on  Grafton's  shoulder, 
his  1.  on  that  of  Richmond,  reaching  up  to  a  shelf  on  which  is  the  crown 
on  a  cushion.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  document  inscribed  Jo.  Durnford's  address. 
Between  Pitt's  legs  and  above  Sydney's  head  is  a  baron's  coronet.  Below 
this  hangs  a  tailor's  goose.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 
Still  inimical  to  their  Country  y  see 
Two  Chips  of  Charles's  block  supporting  me 
And  Sy — j,  well  sirnam'd  y^  Taylor's  GoosCy 
As  Hot  and  Heavy  as  that  Thing  in  usCy 
Shall  lend  his  Weight  of  Breech  &  length  of  Chin 
The  Heir  Apparent  crush  &  poke  mCy  in. 

534 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  It  would 
appear  to  relate  to  a  debate  in  the  Lords.  On  23  Dec.  the  Duke  of  Rich- 
mond urged  the  necessity  of  limitations  on  the  authority  of  the  Regent. 
Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  870  ff.  The  Duke  of  Grafton  did  not  speak  until  16  Feb., 
ibid.,  p.  1273,  but  had  by  9  Dec.  'declared  himself  explicitly'.  Buckingham, 
Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  Illy  ii.  41.  For  the  allusion  to  the  descent 
of  Grafton  and  Richmond  from  Charles  II  cf.  No.  7507.  Josiah  Dornford, 
a  Common  Councillor,  moved  on  18  Dec.  that  the  thanks  of  the  Court  be 
given  to  Pitt  and  the  M.P.s  who  had  supported  the  right  of  Parliament 
to  supply  the  defect  in  the  exercise  of  the  executive  power.  London 
Chronicle^  19  Dec.  1788.  See  No.  7393.  Accusations  that  Pitt  aimed  at 
sovereign  power  had  been  made  before  the  Regency  question,  see  No.  7124. 
See  also  No.  7392,  &c.,  by  the  same  artist. 
I5jxi2jin. 

7389  PRINCE  PITT.  [c.  Dec.  1788] 

Engraving.  Either  a  copy  or  the  original  of  No.  7388,  which  it  closely 
resembles  except  that  Sydney,  the  coronet,  and  the  tailor's  goose  are  absent 
and  inscriptions  have  been  added.  The  Prince  says :  /  appeal  to  the  People 
of  England  to  defend  their  own  Rights  and  those  of  the  House  of  Brunszvick 
against  this  Banditti  of  Plunderers.  Richmond  says :  Tho^  a  Bastard  of  the 
Stuart  Race^  I  have  only  iy,ooo£  per  Ann:  from  the  Poor ^  for  my  duty  on 
Coals — make  it  20,000  Prince  Pitt,  and  I  am  yours  for  ever.  (An  allusion 
to  the  'Richmond  shilling',  see  No.  7393.)   Grafton  says:  /  am  as  good  a 

bastard  as  R d,  &  yet  I  have  only  6  or  yooo£  a  year  upon  the  Excise  on 

Wine  &  spiritous  liquors — But  Prince  Pitt  has  promised  me  an  additional  Tax 
on  Malt.  Pitt  says :  The  Prince  of  Wales  has  no  more  right  to  the  Regency 
than  I  have.  The  paper  in  his  hand  is  inscribed,  not  'Dornford's  Address', 
but  Shop  Tax  Window  Tax  Candles  Tax  Horse  Tax  Hat  Tax  Westminster 
Scrutiny  Irish  Propositions  Fortification  Schemes  Degradation  of  Naval 
Officers  Excise  Laws  &c.  &c.  &c.  &c.  In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design 
is  engraved :  A  cut  purse  of  the  Empire  and  the  rule  that  from  a  shelf  the 
precious  diadem  stole,  and  put  it  in  his  pocket.  Hamlet.  Beneath  the  design 
is  engraved  : 

See  here  Prince  George!  our  Sovereign's  darling  Son, 

Old  England's  Hope,  &  Heir  to  Britains  Throne: 

Trod  under  Foot  the  Royal  Victim  lies; 

The  while  Prince  Pitt  above  him  dares  to  rise. 

Our  rightful  Prince,  the  Heir  Apparent  down. 

This  new  Pretender  hopes  to  filch  the  Crown. 

Two  base-born  Dukes  of  the  curs'd  Stuart  Breed 

Bend  their  vile  necks  to  help  him  to  the  Deed 

'Tis  G n's  Duke  upon  the  left  you  see; 

The  most  renown' d  for  greatest  Treachery. 

But  he  who  shews  his  bald  pate  on  the  right 

Is  R ds  Duke  who  never  yet  would  fight. 

May  God  eternally  confuse  their  scheme; 

And  make  them  vanish  like  an  empty  Dream! 

Rouse  Britons,  rouse! —  hands,  hearts  in  chorus  join 

To  guard  our  Laws  and  save  the  Brunswick  Line 

Huzza!  my  Boys! — our  courage  never  fails 

God  save  the  King!  God  bless  the  Prince  of  Wales!!! 

535 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis.  For  the  very  unpopular 
Shop  Tax  see  No.  6798,  &c.,  and  for  other  taxes  No.  6914,  &c.;  for  the 
Westminster  Scrutiny  No.  6553,  &c.;  for  the  Irish  Propositions  No. 
6785,  &c. ;  for  fortification  schemes  No.  6921,  &c.  (over  which  an  expected 
duel  between  Richmond  and  Shelburne  did  not  materialize,  see  No.  7148); 
for  naval  officers  see  No.  7126,  &c.  For  allegations  of  cowardice  against  the 
Lennox  family  cf.  No.  7533,  &c.    For  'Prince  Pitt'  cf.  No.  7382,  &c. 

Attributed  to  Gillray  by  Grego  {Gillray,  p.  106). 
iSfXiof  in. 

7390  THE  WONDERFUL  WORD  EATER,  LATELY  ARRIVED 
FROM  ABROAD. 

[Dent.] 

Puh  by  W  Dent  Dec*  2g  iy88   Sold  by  W.  Moore  N^  308  Oxford 
Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  directed  to  the  1.,  stands  eating  a 
long  scroll  which  he  holds  in  both  hands;  it  rests  on  the  ground  and  its 
lower  end  is  cut  off  by  the  1.  margin.  It  is  inscribed :  The  Influence  of  the 
Crown  has  increased y  is  increasing  and  ought  to  be  diminished — [Dunning 's 
famous  resolution,  cf.  No.  5659]  The  Rights  of  the  People — Omni[po]tence. 
Fox  has  an  enormous  brush,  which  curls  above  his  shoulder,  inscribed: 
The  Power  of  the  People  has  increasedy  is  increasing  and  ought  to  be  diminished 
— The  Rights  of  the  Crown  Hered[itary].  He  tramples  under  his  r.  foot  a 
paper  inscribed  Rights  of  Parliament ;  under  the  1.  are  the  cap  and  staff  of 
Liberty  and  the  sword  of  Justice  lying  on  the  Bill  of  Rights  and  Magna 
Charta.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Who  wonderfully  outdoes  all  the  wonderous  Fire  EaterSy  Stone  EaterSy 
Toad  Eaters y  &c  &c  that  ever  exhibited y  engaging  to  cracky  Scronchy  swallow 
and  digest  as  many  of  the  largest  and  hardest  Words  in  the  English  language 
as  will  reach  round  Westminster y  with  as  much  facility  as  Demosthenes 
swallo'd  pebbles. 

This  most  extraordinary  Character  is  now  eagerly  eatingy  in  St.  Stephen's 
Chapely  for  the  Amusement  of  some  of  the  Royal  Familyy  several  of  the 
Nobility  &  Gentry y  a  great  quantity  of  Popular  Words  he  fabricated  a  few 
years  agOy  &  making  others  which  he  may  be  expected  to  devour  in  a  short 
time. 

Like  No.  7391,  a  parody  of  the  advertisements  of  the  *  Stone  Eater'  (one 
of  which  is  pasted  on  the  back  of  the  print),  cf.  No.  7287,  &c.  One  of  many 
satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  It  is  directed  against  Fox's 
assertions  in  the  debate  of  10  Dec,  see  No.  7381,  &c.  Cf.  No.  6207  (1783), 
an  earlier  attack  on  Fox  for  inconsistency. 
9iX5i"gin.(pl.). 

7391  THE  WORD  EATER, 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Dec.  3&^  lySSy  by  S.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox  stands  in  the 
House  of  Commons,  making  a  speech ;  in  his  r.  hand  he  holds  out  a  paper : 
Speech  on  the  Rights  of  the  P ;  in  his  1.  is  an  Explanation  of  that  Speech. 

536 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

He  faces  the  table  on  which  are  piled  large  folios :  Statutes  at  Large,  Magna 
Charttty  Principles  of  the  Constitution^  Rights  of  the  People.  He  says,  all 
these  ril  devour  next.  Behind  him  on  the  ground  are  two  open  books: 
Jus  Divinum  of  Kings  and  Principles  of  Toryism  &c.  The  benches  behind 
him  are  packed  with  intent  listeners,  some  dismayed,  some  admiring. 
North,  a  bandage  over  his  eyes,  sits  on  the  extreme  r.,  next  him  is  Burke. 
The  end  of  the  gallery  (1.)  is  visible;  listeners  hang  over  to  watch  Fox. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

ADVERTISEMENT  EXTRAORDINARY.  This  is  to  inform  the  Public  that  this 
extraordinary  Phenomenon  is  just  arrived  from  the  Continent  [cf.  No.  7380] 
&  exhibits  every  day  during  the  Sittings  of  the  House  of  Commons  before  a 
select  Company,  to  give  a  Compleat  detail  of  his  Wonderfull  Talents  would  far 
exceed  the  bounds  of  an  Advertisement  as  indeed  they  surpass  the  Powers  of 
Description — He  eats  single  words  &  evacuates  them  so  as  to  have  a  contrary 
meaning— for  Example  of  the  Word  Treason  he  can  make  Reason  or  of  Reason 
he  can  make  Treason  [cf.  No.  7382],  he  can  also  eat  whole  sentences  &  will 
again  produce  them  either  with  a  Double  Different  or  Contradictory  meaning, 
and  is  equally  capable  of  Performing  in  the  same  Operation  on  the  largest 
Volumes  &  Libraries.  He  purposes  in  the  course  of  a  few  months  to  exhibit 
in  Public  for  the  benifit  and  amusement  of  the  Electors  of  Westminster  when 
he  zvill  convince  his  friends  of  his  great  Abilities  in  this  New  Art  &  will  provide 
himself  zvith  weighty  Arguments  for  his  Enemies. 

See  No.  7390,  a  similar  parody  on  the  advertisements  of  the  Stone 
Eater.  For  Fox's  inconsistency  see  No.  7381,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  232-3. 
8xi2|in. 

7392  UPRIGHT  BILLY  ALIAS  ORATOR  HUMBUG. 

London  Published  Dec""  3&^:  iy88.  by  H.  Humphry.  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  with  roulette  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt 
stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  on  the  edge  of  a  platform  addressing  men  who 
stand  below  on  the  extreme  r.,  handing  up  to  him  addresses  from  various 
towns.  Behind  him  on  the  platform  is  a  deputation  from  the  City  Com- 
mittee which  raised  money  for  a  gift  to  Pitt  on  his  expected  retirement. 
Pitt  stands  stiffly  erect,  his  1.  hand  on  his  breast,  his  r.  behind  his  back  to 
take  secretly  a  money-bag  labelled  50,000  which  is  about  to  be  put  into 
it.  He  says :  My  Friends  and  Countrymen  I  would  have  You  Consider  what 
obligations  you  are  under  to  me  and  Address  me  I  charge  you.  Have  not  I 
superseded  Those  gallant  Sailors  who  fought  your  Battles  on  the  Glorious 
twelfth  of  April?  Have  not  I  distroyed  your  Rights  by  the  Westminster 
Scrutiny;  Have  not  I  indulged  you  with  a  Shop  Tax  ?  Have  not  I  tax'd  the 
Light  of  Heaven,  and  Struggled  for  the  Sovereignty  with  your  Rightfull 
Prince  ?  and  after  all,  I  scorn  to  accept  Reward.  But  address  me,  I  charge 
you,  address  me,  Extoll  my  disinterestedness,  my  Soberness,  my  Chastety;  and 
make  yourselves  immortal  by  imitating  in  all  things  my  most  Loyal  City  of 
London.  Behind  Pitt  stands  Bishop  Pretyman,  wearing  a  tall  mitre ;  he  takes 
Watson  by  the  arm,  directing  him  to  place  his  money-bag  in  Pitt's  avid 
fingers.  Watson  advances,  chapeau-bras  and  holding  a  tasselled  cane,  his 
wooden  leg  extended.  He  asks:  Pray  my  Lord  do  you  think  I  may  venture, 
Pretyman  answers :  O  M^  Alderman  don't  be  ajfraid  of  your  other  Leg,  put  out 
the  Purse  and  he'll  snap  at  it. — My  Pupil  is  only  lying  a  little  to  the  Country 

537 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Gentlemen y  and  then  heUl  condescend  to  see  you  down  stairs.  Among  the 
'country  gentlemen*  four  hold  out  papers,  three  inscribed  Address^  to  two 
of  which  (in  the  coloured  impression)  have  been  added  in  ink  'Cambridge* 
and  'Edinbrugh'.  One  of  them  holds  out  his  hat  as  if  asking  for  money, 
implying  that  the  addresses  were  procured  by  the  Treasury. 

Behind  Watson,  the  head  of  the  deputation,  stands  Wilkes  in  court 
dress ;  he  pushes  Watson  forward  and  holds  in  his  r.  hand  strings  attached  to 
Watson's  nose  and  to  the  noses  of  a  group  of  stupid-looking  aldermen  in 
furred  gowns  who  stand  on  the  extreme  1.,  carrying  on  a  pole  a  placard 
inscribed  City  Committee.  He  says  to  Watson,  /  have  led  my  Rascals  where 
they  are  pepper dy^  but  they'll  fill  a  Pitt  as  well  as  better  Men.  Make  a  Leg 
Brother  Alderman.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 
Fee  Fa  Fum 
I  smell  the  Cash  of  the  City — Mum! 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  For  the 
subscription  to  Pitt  cf.  No.  7474.  The  Opposition  thesis  that  Pitt  was 
aiming  at  supreme  power  was  belied  by  the  fact  that  he  was  preparing  to 
return  to  the  Bar.  The  subscription  raised  for  him  among  bankers  and 
leading  citizens  was  at  first  fixed  at  ,£50,000,  but  within  forty-eight  hours 
the  amount  was  doubled.  Subscription-lists  and  notices  of  the  many 
addresses  of  thanks  to  Pitt  for  his  attitude  to  the  Regency  appeared  in  the 
newspapers  (see  No.  7480,  &c.).  The  gift  was  refused  by  Pitt.  Stanhope, 
Life  of  Pitt y  1879,  i-  332.  Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  7388,  7389,  7393, 
7481,  7485  by  the  same  artist.  For  Pitt  as  the  Prince's  competitor  see  also 
No.  7382,  &c.;  for  other  allegations  against  Pitt,  No.  7389;  for  the  twelfth 
of  April,  No.  5991 ;  for  naval  promotions,  No.  7126,  &c.  For  the  City 
Address,  see  No.  7393. 
i2f  Xi9|in. 

7393  DEITIES  OF  THE  DAY.  OR,  THE  GODS  IN  THEIR  ALTI- 
TUDES. A  FARCE  NOW  PERFORMING.  [c.  Dec.  1788] 

Aquatint.  Pitt  and  his  supporters  are  the  gods  supported  on  clouds  and 
on  a  platform  held  up  by  pulleys  just  above  the  level  of  a  stage  which  is 
indicated  by  a  fiddler  seated  full-face  in  the  centre  foreground.  The 
violinist,  fiddle  in  one  hand,  bow  in  the  other,  says :  Gentlemen  you  see  my 
Deities  are  now  actually  in  the  Clouds,  Jupiter  has  knocked,  down  Apollo. — 
But  Gentlemen  the  Scene  will  presently  change  and  you  shall  see  him  Shine 
with  redoubled  Splendour  upon  Earth.  The  pulleys  are  held  by  two  men 
('Assistants'),  one  on  each  side,  whose  hands  only  are  visible. 

In  the  centre  of  the  platform  are  two  chairs  or  thrones ;  the  seat  of  one, 
probably  that  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  ('Apollo')  (1.)  is  inscribed  Vacant;  from 
the  other  Pitt,  as  Jupiter,  wearing  a  crown,  has  just  risen ;  he  turns  in  profile 
to  the  r.  holding  out  a  sheaf  of  thunderbolts.  Behind  his  chair  stands 
*Ganymede',  holding  out  on  a  tray  a  bottle  inscribed  Nantz  and  a  wine- 
glass ;  he  says  to  Pitt,  Brandy  wont  save  you.  He  is  George  Rose,  Secretary 
to  the  Treasury.  Three  men  stand  (r.)  on  Pitt's  1. ;  they  are  'Mercury' 
(Dundas),  with  wings  bound  to  his  head  by  a  fillet ;  he  stands  in  profile  to 
the  1.  holding  out  a  trap  from  which  hangs  the  body  of  a  rat;  in  his  1. 
hand  is  a  tartan  plaid.  'Cupid'  (Sydney),  who  turns  his  head  towards 
Pitt,  has  wings  and  a  quiver  of  arrows.   Next  is  Wilkes,  old  and  toothless 

'  Cant  term  for  infected  with  venereal  disease.  Grose,  Diet.  Vulgar  Tongue^  1 796. 

538 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

and  wearing  his  hat,  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  a  mask.  He  turns  his  back  on 
his  companions  and  bends  forward  to  address  the  unseen  man  below  who 
supports  the  platform,  saying,  Pull  away  Old  Wine  Brewer  mind  the  Seventh 
Commandment.  Here  we  go  up  up  upy  and  here  we  go  down^  go  down.  In  a 
label  issuing  from  the  concealed  brewer  (Josiah  Dornford)  are  the  words 
Hold  your  jaw  M^  Alderman  we're  both  on  a  side  now. 

On  the  1.  are  three  other  supporters  of  Pitt:  'Neptune*  (Hood)  stands  in 
profile  to  the  r.,  his  large  nose  exaggerated;  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  a 
trident,  his  hat  is  in  his  r.  hand.  From  his  pocket  protrudes  a  paper 
inscribed  12  April  \  ki[l]ld  0  \  [woun]ded  0  \  — n.  0.  This  is  an  allusion  to 
the  Battle  of  the  Saints,  12  Apr.  1782,  see  No.  5991,  &c.  Behind  him 
stands  'Mars'  (the  Duke  of  Richmond)  in  military  uniform  holding  a  long 
spear.  On  his  1.  arm  is  a  shield,  round  the  rim  of  which  are  the  words  Cash 
Coals  Candles  Cartridge y  alluding  to  the  Duke's  office  of  Master  of  the 
Ordnance,  to  his  inherited  grant  of  a  duty  on  coals  (the  'Richmond  shilling',' 
see  No.  5650),  and  to  his  reputed  parsimony.  In  front  of  Richmond  is 
'Hercules',  seated  full-face,  his  hands  folded  on  the  end  of  an  enormous 
club.  He  is  Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown.  Near  his  head  (1.)  are 
the  hands  of  one  of  the  supporters  of  the  stage  holding  a  paper  inscribed 
Heads  of  my  next  speech — marriage  The  Pope  Hell  and  The  Devil.  Thurlow 
is  saying  Damn  your  [st]upid  head  M*  Rigma  Rolleyou  will  let  us  dozen  by  God. 
A  scroll  in  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the  design  represents  a  play-bill :  below 
the  title  {ut  supra)  is  inscribed : 

Jupiter       M'  Pett  [cf.  No.  7481] 

Mercury     M^  Scotmam 

Cupid        Master  Sydney 

Hercules     M'  Thurlow 

Mars         M''  Richman 

Neptune     M""  Hoode 

Ganymede M''  Rows 

& 

Momus      M*  A.  Squintun 

M'  Rigmarolle 

Assistants {  ©" 


M^'Jo.  Donefort 
Any  money  taken  \  none  returnd 

*M^  Rigmarolle'  is  Rolle,  M.P.  for  Devon,  the  hero  of  the  Rolliad;  the 
allusion  is  clearly  to  his  speeches  on  the  suspected  marriage  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  during  the  debates  on  the  debts  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  27  and  30  Apr.  1787,  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  iv. 
451-5.  'Donefort'  is  Josiah  Dornford,  a  Common  Councillor  who  moved 
an  address  to  Pitt,  see  Nos.  7388,  7392,  8266.  For  Thurlow's  oaths  cf. 
No.  7320,  &c.    Beneath  the  design  is  engraved: 

Pitt  in  the  Chair  of  our  State  Lord  MayW 

With  a  Nod  Peers  by  God 
Keeps  in  Awe. 

If  he  wink  Bishops  shrink 

If  he  speak  Commons  squeak 

Poor  England's  but  his  Taw  [cf.  No.  7497]. 

'  Cf.  Peter  Pindar,  A  Pair  of  Lyric  Epistles  to  Lord  Macartney  and  his  Staff: 

Charles,  to  support  a  bastard  and  a  wh , 

Impos'd  a  tax  on  coals  that  starv'd  the  poor. 

539 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Cock  of  the  School,  he  bears  despotic  rule 
His  word  tho*  absurd 

must  be  Law. 
Even  Fate  tho'  so  great y  must  not  prate,  his  bald  pate 
Pitt  would  cuff  J  he's  so  bluff  - 

&c  &c  For  a  Straw. 

Da  Capo. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.   Similar 
in  manner  to  No.  7392,  &c.,  by  the  same  artist,  in  all  of  which  Pitt  is 
accused  of  aiming  at  supreme  power. 
18JX21J  in. 

7394  BLUE  AND  BUF  LOYALTY. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  Det"  31.  iy88  by  S.  Fores  N.  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  H.L.  portraits  of  Dr.  Willis  and 
Sheridan  in  close  proximity,  repeated  twice,  the  doctor  being  on  the 
extreme  1.  and  r.,  the  two  Sheridans  in  the  middle.  One  couple  (1.)  is 
inscribed  Sunday,  the  other  (r.)  Saturday.  The  doctor  in  both  cases 
answers  a  question  in  a  label  which  projects  into  the  design  from  an  unseen 
inquirer :  Doctor,  how  is  your  Patient  to  Day.  On  the  1.  he  answers  with  a 
contented  expression:  Better  thank  God',  his  neighbour  angrily  shouts 
Damnation.  On  the  r.  he  has  an  expression  of  melancholy  anxiety,  the 
head  of  his  cane  held  to  his  lip ;  he  answers :  Rather  worse — Sir — .  Sheridan, 
with  a  satisfied  and  cunning  smile,  says.  Ha — ha — rare  news. 

Dr.  Willis  was  called  in  on  5  Dec. ;  the  anger  of  the  Opposition  at  his 
favourable  reports  and  hopeful  attitude  was  unconcealed.  Cf.  Buckingham, 
Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  HI,  ii.  36,  and  Nos.  7490,  7496,  7514.  For 
the  Regency  crisis  see  No.  7377,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  233. 
7l^6Xi2|in. 

7395  [FOX  AGAINST  FOX!!!]  [1788] 

[Attributed  to  John  Bewick.] 

Woodcut.  No  title.  Frontispiece  from  Fox  against  Fox!!!  or  Political  Blossoms 
of  the  Right  Hon.  Charles  James  Fox  .  .  .  To  which  are  added  the  Speeches 
of  M^  Pitt  and  ikf  Fox  ...  [10  Dec.  1788].  George  III,  wearing  a  crown, 
is  seated  in  an  armchair  in  profile  to  the  r.,  looking  down,  unconscious  of 
his  companions :  Pitt,  who  stands  behind  him  saying  Little  short  of  Treason 
to  the  Constitution  (cf.  No.  7382),  and  the  Prince  of  Wales  (r.),  who  stands 
behind  a  fox  on  its  hind  legs  which  he  appears  to  support.  The  fox  (Fox) 
snarls  viciously  at  the  King  and  stands  on  the  roofs  of  two  miniature 
buildings,  one  inscribed  Lords,  the  other  Commons,  on  which  he  urinates. 
The  pamphlet  (B.M.L.,  T.  1 120/3,  published  by  Stockdale)  quotes  from 
speeches  by  Fox  against  the  influence  of  the  Crown  in  1780,  1781,  1782, 
1783,  1784  (in  attacks  on  North  and  Pitt),  'Shewing  how  easily  a  Staunch 
Whig  may  become  a  Professed  Tory'.  For  the  speeches  of  10  Dec.  see 
No.  7381,  &c.  See  also  No.  7396. 

5AX3f  in. 

540 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1788 

7396  THE  REVOLUTION  PILLAR  1788 
[Attributed  to  John  Bewick.] 

Woodcut.  PI.  to  Fox  against  Fox,  p.  68,  see  No.  7395.  An  impression 
bordered  by  lines,  which  are  absent  on  p.  68,  suggesting  that  it  was  issued 
separately:  the  impression  is  worn  almost  to  obliteration.  A  fox  hangs 
from  a  gibbet,  a  label  issuing  from  his  mouth  inscribed  Prosecute  the 
Printers.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved  Runemede. 

The  proposal  to  erect  a  pillar  at  Runnymede  to  commemorate  the  cen- 
tenary of  the  landing  of  William  III  on  5  Nov.  1688  was  made  at  a  dinner 
of  the  Whig  Club  at  the  Crown  and  Anchor,  by  Sheridan,  Fox  being  absent. 
j£  1,200  or  £1,300  was  subscribed  and  Fitzpatrick  was  appointed  treasurer, 
but  the  momentary  enthusiasm  evaporated  and  the  pillar  was  not  erected. 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  190-1.  Fox's  subscription  is  mentioned  as 
inconsistent  with  his  attitude  to  the  Regency  in  a  letter  of  1 1  Dec.  Bucking- 
ham, Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III,  ii.  50  (see  No.  7381,  &c.).  Cf. 
Gynomachia  [1789],  p.  36: 

"Those  Whigs  who  kept  holy  the  last  Revolution, 
"Who  mind  not  their  own,  but  the  State's  constitution 
"Who  at  fam'd  Runnymede  would  a  pillar  erect; 
"To  tell  what  tyrannical  Kings  may  expect. 

See  also  Nos.  7489,  7858. 
3JX2i|in. 

7397  INVOCATION.  [  Dec.  1788]' 
[Dent.] 

Sold  by  W.  Moore  Oxford  Street 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).  Fox  stands  in  the 
foreground,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  out  his  arms  to  a  full  moon  (not 
irradiated)  in  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design.  A  paper  inscribed  Arrange- 
ments New  Ministry  hangs  from  his  pocket ;  he  tramples  on  a  paper  inscribed 
Delic[ac]y.  In  the  background  North,  Sheridan,  and  Burke  kneel  towards 
the  rising  sun  of  the  Regency,  inscribed  Sole  Rege,  which  appears  above  a 
hillock,  emitting  rays.  North  and  Fox  raise  their  clasped  hands,  Burke, 
dressed  as  a  Jesuit  (cf.  No.  6026)  but  without  his  biretta,  prostrates 
himself. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.   For  the 
proposed  Regency  Ministry  cf.  Nos.  7508,  7509. 
6Jx8J  in. 

7398  THE  SEALS  IN  COMMISHION  OR  THE  DOWNFALL  OF 
LORD  THRUMB  [?  Dec.  1788  or  Jan.  1789] 

[  ?  James  Hook.] 

London  Published  by  J  Aicken  Bear  Street  Leicester  Square 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Thurlow  (r.)  walks  away  from  Fox  (1.) 
who  kicks  him  and  seizes  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal,  which  is  slung  across 
the  Chancellor's  shoulder,  saying,  /  zvill  have  the  Seals  Dam-me.  Thurlow, 

'  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

looking  round  angrily,  says,  Damme  if  you  Shall.  The  bag  is  decorated, 
not  with  the  Royal  arms,  but  with  a  fox  and  a  bear  fighting.  Thurlow  wears 
his  Chancellor's  robes. 

For  Thurlow's  intrigues  with  the  Opposition,  see  No.  7377.  His  speech 
of  15  Dec.  1788  seemed  to  show  that  he  had  decided  to  abandon  the  Prince. 
Fox  was  opposed  to  his  being  Chancellor  under  the  Regency  (the  party 
having  obligations  to  Loughborough),  see  No.  7380.  On  27  Dec.  Elliot 
wrote:  'The  day  before  yesterday  there  was  a  formal  explanation  with  the 
Chancellor,  which  terminated  in  a  decided  separation  between  him  and 
our  party,  to  the  great  joy  of  Fox,  and  of  every  one  of  us  except  the  Prince 
himself.  .  .  .*  L^e  and  Letters  of  Sir  G.  Elliot y  i.  249.  See  also  Wraxall, 
Memoirs y  1884,  v.  pp.  221-2.  The  case  against  Thurlow  is  discussed  in 
G.  T.  Kenyon's  Life  of  Lord  Kenyon,  1873,  pp.  178-218. 
8|xi3|in. 

7399  [PETER'S  PENSION.]  [1788] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  Peter  Pindar's  [Wolcot's]  Peter^s  Pension, 
1788.  The  King  (r.),  standing  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holds  out  to  Peter  a  rolled 
document  inscribed  Pension.  Peter,  a  thin  elderly  man,  turns  away,  holding 
out  both  hands  to  ward  off  the  gift.  From  his  pocket  projects  a  paper 
inscribed  Odes.  Both  wear  bag-wigs,  and  old-fashioned  dress  with  flapped 
waistcoats ;  the  King  wears  a  sword.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 
Ah!  let  me  Sire  refuse  it — /  implore — 
/  ought  not  to  be  rich  whilst  You  are  poor. 

Pension 

The  verses  are  an  insolent  attack  on  the  King  for  parsimony,  man-traps 
on  his  farms  (see  No.  6947),  the  bulse  (see  No.  6966,  &c.).  The  date  of 
publication  appears  to  disprove  John  Taylor's  assertion  that  negotiations 
for  a  pension  arose  out  of  Wolcot's  attitude  to  the  French  Revolution. 
Records  of  My  Life,  1832,  ii.  231  ff. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  207  (reproduction). 
6|X9iin. 

7400  [CHESS-PLAYERS.]  [U.  1788] 

Engraving.  Title  perhaps  cut  off.  Two  men  (H.L.)  seated  on  each  side 
of  a  chess-board.  Their  profile  heads  are  enclosed  in  rhomboids  resembling 
the  diamond  of  a  pack  of  cards,  giving  the  profiles  projecting  noses  with 
receding  foreheads  and  chins.  The  defeated  player  (1.)  clenches  his  fist  and 
raises  a  bare  leg  above  the  chess-board,  kicking  his  shoe  into  the  air.  His 
opponent  holds  a  cane  which  may  indicate  a  doctor. 

Perhaps  a  design  for  the  two  of  diamonds  in  a  pack  of  transformation 
cards,  the  earliest  examples  of  which  date  from  the  first  decade  of  the  nine- 
teenth century.  Possibly  an  allusion  to  some  incident  during  the  King's 
insanity. 

3iX5m. 


542 


1788 
PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

7401-7413 

Series  of  TSte-a-tSte  Portraits 

7401  No  XXXV.  THE  MORTIFIED  SPINSTER. 

No  XXXVI.  THE  DISAPPOINTED  SECRETARY. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  J^^v;  i;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  537.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .\  An  account  of 
*Hilario',  of  noble  family,  who  divorced  his  wife,  and  of  the  daughter  of 
a  city  tradesman,  whom  he  plotted  to  seduce.  She  was  informed  of  the 
plot  and  tried  (unsuccessfully)  to  obtain  an  offer  of  marriage. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7402  No  XXXVII  THE  REPUDIATED  MATRON. 
No  XXXVIII  THE  REVEREND  OXONIAN. 

London,  Published  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  Jan^  21;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xix.  585.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
a  parson  who  became  tutor  to  the  son  of  an  Englishman  living  in  France, 
where  he  acted  as  'spy  to  the  husband  and  gallant  to  the  wife'.  The 
parson  returned  to  England;  the  husband  discovered  his  wife's  intrigue, 
endangered  her  life  by  thrashing  her  and  was  preparing  to  imprison  her 
in  a  convent  when  she  fled  to  her  lover.  She  now  lives  by  letting  lodgings. 
Ovals,  3i X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7403  No  I  THE  CANDID  WIFE 

No  II  HIS  CALEDONIAN  GRACE. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street  i  Feby;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  25.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
the  Duke  of  Hamilton  and  of  Lady  Eglinton.  The  liaison  was  revealed  to 
Lord  Eglinton  by  anonymous  letters  and  confessed  by  his  wife  who  now 
lives  with  her  mother ;  a  divorce  is  pending  in  Scotland. 
Ovals,  3|X2f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7404  THE  MILITARY  BISHOP* 

THE  CONVENIENT  WIFE  [i  March  1788] 

Engraving.    Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  55.   Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.   An  account  of 

*  The  plate  is  missing  from  the  B.M.  copy  of  the  Tozvn  and  Country  Magazine, 
and  the  title  and  dimensions  are  supplied  from  the  Hibernian  Magazine,  1788, 
p.  124.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  k. 

543 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

an  amour  of  the  Duke  of  York  (also  Bishop  of  Osnaburgh)  with  the  wife 

of  Mr. [?  Van  Diest].  The  latter  threatened  exposure  unless  he  was 

given  promotion. 

Mr.  W.  Roberts  in  Chambers^  Journal^  x.  167-9  (1920),  associates  this 
liaison  with  two  children,  Frederick  and  Louisa  Van  Diest,  whose  portraits 
by  Hoppner  are  in  the  National  Gallery.  They  were  reputed  to  be  children 
of  the  Duke  of  York.   Cf.  No.  7633. 

Ovals,  3iX  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7405  No  VII  THE  DIVORCED  MATRON. 
No  VIII  THE  MARTINET. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun"  Fleet  Street,  April  i;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  103.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Eglantine,  Lady  Wallace,  who  divorced  her  husband  (for  cruelty)  by  Scots 
law,  and  her  liaison  with  a  fortune-hunting  soldier  at  Bath  who  refused  to 
marry  her.  'She  has  commenced  author  and  in  taking  up  the  pen,  has  laid 
down  delicacy.* 
3jX2iin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7406  No  X  MRS  A— RCH— R. 
No  XI.  LORD  PROMISE. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  i  May  iy88. 

Engraving.  Tozm  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  151.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Miss  Holland,  now  Mrs.  Archer,  known  as  Sheldon  (the  names  given  in 
full),  who  was  tricked  by  a  procuress  and  induced  to  visit  a  brothel.  After 
resisting  the  Marquis  of  Granby  (d.  1770),  she  eloped,  was  duped  and 
afterwards  accepted  offers  of  money  and  devotion  from  an  elderly  peer,  who 
deserted  her,  as  he  had  done  many  others,  never  keeping  his  promises. 
The  portrait  suggests  Lord  Sandwich  (as  in  No.  7421). 

Ovals,  3|x  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7407  No  XIII.  THE  EXPORTED  WANTON 
No  XIV.  THE  DASTARDLY  MARINER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street  June  2;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  199.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
the  captain  of  an  East  Indiaman  who  took  his  mistress,  Catharine,  with 
him  to  India,  where,  white  women  being  few,  her  favours  commanded 
a  high  price  and  proved  a  source  of  income  to  the  captain.  On  returning 
to  England  the  captain  married  Matilda,  but  concealed  the  marriage  and 
forced  her  to  live  wretchedly  in  lodgings,  his  mistress  being  the  profligate 
Catharine. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

544 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     1788 

7408  No  XVI.  A  DAUGHTER  OF  PLEASURE. 
No  XVII  A  SON  OF  THE  MUSES. 

Londotiy  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  JunT  Fleet  Street  i  July  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xx.  247.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
Arthur  Murphy  and  his  liaison  with  Laura,  the  wife  of  a  peer  who  has  squan- 
dered his  property ;  she  lives  in  voluntary  separation  on  her  own  fortune. 
Ovals,  six  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7409  No  XIX.  THE  ST  GILES'S  BEAUTY. 
No  XX  THE  UNSUCCESSFUL  LOVER. 

London^  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  JuW  Fleet  Street  1  Au^  iy88 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xx.  295.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  ,  .\  An  account  of 
a  beggar-child  who  attracted  the  notice  of  a  celebrated  procuress  in  King's 
Place.  Her  present  lover,  having  been  rejected  by  the  numerous  ladies  to 
whom  he  has  proposed  marriage,  has  removed  her  to  a  private  lodging  and 
has  educated  her. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7410  No  XXII.  THE  JUVENILE  BRUNETTE. 

No  XXIII.  The  CONSTITUTIONAL  PRESIDENT. 

London^  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street^  i  Sep^  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xx.  343.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
a  young  nobleman  who  has  entered  public  life  by  supporting  Lord  Hood 
in  the  Westminster  Election,  and  of  his  amour  with  Nancy,  apprentice  to 
a  pastry-cook.  Lord  Belgrave  (b.  1767)  proposed  Hood  on  the  hustings, 
18  July.  Lond.  Chron.y  19  July  1788. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7411  No  XXV.  THE  OBSCURE  BEAUTY. 
No  XXVI.  THE  DAPPER  PEER. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street,  Oct'  J^;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ^  xx.  397.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
an  Irishman,  the  son  of  a  baronet,  created  a  peer  to  secure  his  parliamentary 
interest,  who  has  had  great  success  with  women.  She  is  the  daughter  of 
a  regimental  farrier  and  was  the  mistress  of  the  Duke  of  Leinster  until 
seduced  by  the  Dapper  Peer. 
Ovals,  3iX2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7412  No  XXVIII  THE  FAIR  AMERICAN. 
No  XXIX  OLD  NAUTICUS. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jure  Fleet  Street  Nov'  i;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  439.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   An  account  of 

545  Nn 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  titled  naval  officer  in  high  command  in  America  ( ?  Lord  Howe)  who 
seduced  a  widow  under  promise  of  marriage.  He  brought  her  to  England, 
where  she  has  become  unfaithful  to  him. 

Ovals,  3  J  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7413  No  XXXI.  THE  REPTILE. 
No  XXXII.  THE  INSECT. 

London  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street,  DeC  i;  iy88. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  487.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  'The  Insect'  is 
a  fashionably  dressed  man  resembling  No.  6718.  He  was  by  birth  a  Jew, 
intends  to  become  an  attorney,  'always  dresses  in  a  style  of  monstrous 
extravagance'.  He  once  appeared,  for  a  charity,  on  the  Margate  stage,  and 
has  good  musical  abilities.  'The  Reptile*,  Judith,  the  daughter  of  a  dealer 
in  old  clothes,  is  his  feminine  counterpart.   He  is  Furtado,  see  No.  6718. 

Ovals,  3i  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7414  THE  FIRST  INTERVIEW  IN  1786 

Kay  fecit  iy88 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  George  Smith  (1.)  stands  in  profile  to  the 
r.  holding  his  hat,  gazing  fixedly  at  Deacon  Brodie  (r.),  who  stands  almost 
full-face  looking  to  the  front.  Smith's  clothes  are  out  at  elbows.  Brodie 
is  well  dressed,  wearing  a  cocked  hat,  a  seal  hangs  from  his  fob,  he  holds 
a  tasselled  cane.  Beside  him  are  (1.)  a  spurred  game-cock  and  a  dog,  whose 
fierce-looking  head  appears  on  the  extreme  r. 

The  trial  of  William  Brodie  on  5  March  1788  for  breaking  into  the 
Edinburgh  Excise  Office  created  a  sensation  from  his  respectable  position 
as  a  Deacon  and  Councillor  of  the  city,  cf.  the  play  of  R.  L.  Stevenson  and 
W.  E.  Henley,  Deacon  Brodie  or  the  Double  Life.  His  career  of  crime  is 
supposed  to  have  begun  with  a  meeting  with  George  Smith  and  two 
others,  who  formed  a  gang  of  burglars. 

In  1788  Kay  etched  a  portrait  of  Brodie,  fashionably  dressed,  standing 
in  a  prison  cell.  On  a  table  are  cards,  dice,  and  skeleton  keys.  He  is  reputed 
to  have  used  loaded  dice.  See  Kay,  No.  CV. 

'Collection',  No.  106.  Kay,  No.  CVI. 

6JX4jin. 

7415  [EXCHANGE  OF  HEADS] 

K  fecit  iy88 

Engraving.  Two  men  face  each  other  in  profile ;  between  and  behind  them 
is  the  stout,  dishevelled  back  view  of  Roger  Hog,  see  No.  6847.  On  the 
1.  the  very  corpulent  body  of  William  Macpherson,  W.S.,  has  the  head  of 
the  emaciated  Hugo  Arnot,  whose  thin  body  (r.)  has  the  thick-necked 
head  of  Macpherson.  All  wear  hats. 
'Collection',  No.  40.  Kay,  No.  LXVI. 

4X3  in. 

546 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

7416  THE  FIVE  ALL'S 

/.  Kay.  del^  sculps  1788 

Engraving.  A  design  in  five  compartments,  each  occupied  by  a  figure  in 
profile  to  the  r.  Above  each  is  an  inscription.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  parson 
preaching  from  a  pulpit;  the  head  of  the  precentor  appears  in  his  desk 
beneath.  Inscribed :  /  pray  for  all.  Next  an  advocate  in  his  gown,  his  r. 
hand  raised :  /  plead  for  all.  Next  a  corpulent  well-dressed  man,  holding 
up  a  sickle  in  his  r.  hand :  /  maintain  all.  Next  is  a  still  more  corpulent 
military  officer  with  a  drawn  sword :  /  fight  for  all.  Next  is  the  Devil, 
prancing  among  flames,  his  talons  extended :  /  take  all. 

The  characters  are :  Dr.  Andrew  Hunter  of  the  Tron  Church,  with  John 
Campbell  (unrecognizable),  the  precentor,  see  No.  5894,  below  him; 
Henry  Erskine,  Dean  of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates  1785-96;  James  Rocheid 
of  Inverleith,  a  distinguished  agriculturist  and  absurdly  self-important 
laird ;  Quartermaster  Taylor,  one  of  the  defenders  of  Gibraltar. 

This  was  a  traditional  subject  and  was  found  on  inn  signboards,  usually 
as  the  Four  Alls  (a  king,  a  priest,  a  soldier,  and  a  farmer),  sometimes  with 
the  addition  of  a  lawyer  as  the  Five  Alls.  In  Holland  the  king  was  omitted 
and  the  lawyer  added  (as  in  Kay's  design).  Larwood  and  Hotten,  Hist,  of 
Signboards,  i^d^j,  pp.  451-2.  A  French  popular  print  of  the  i6th  century, 
Les  quatre  verites  du  siecle  d^a  present,  is  a  similar  satire,  with  a  magistrate 
(in  place  of  a  king),  saying,  *Je  vous  mange  tout'.  A.  Blum,  UEstampe 
satirique  au  XV I"  siecle,  p.  315.  See  also  Grand-Carteret,  Les  Moeurs  et 
la  Caricature  en  France  [1888],  p.  18,  where  many  reprints  and  adaptations 
(to  c.  1830)  are  described  as  a  satire  on  lawyers.  Rowlandson  etched  a 
satire.  The  Sign  of  the  Four  Alls,  18 10. 

'Collection',  No.  10 1.   Kay,  No.  187. 

4iX7Ain. 

7417  FRONTISPIECE  FOR  THE  2^  EDITION  OF  D  J N'S 

LETTERS 

Jf5/[Sayers.] 

Puh  by  Tho'  Cornell  f^  April  iy88  1/ 

Engraving.  Mrs.  Piozzi  (1.),  seated  in  her  study  writing,  turns  in  alarm 
at  the  entry  of  Johnson's  ghost,  dressed  in  a  shroud.  He  frowns  at  her, 
holding  out  a  purse  and  pointing  to  pictures  on  the  wall  of  Boswell  and 
Sir  John  Hawkins.  An  open  book  in  which  Mrs.  Piozzi  was  writing  is 
inscribed 

D  J  .  .  .  Letters 

Dear  Lady 

implying  that  she  has  concocted  the  letters.  The  wall  before  her  (I.)  is 
covered  with  bookshelves  in  front  of  which  hangs  a  T.Q.L.  portrait  of 
Thrale  obscured  by  a  violin  beside  which  is  an  open  book :  .  .ua  vcemisera 
nimium  vicina  Cremonae  (implying  that  her  marriage  to  Piozzi  the  musician 
is  a  slight  to  her  first  husband).  The  wall  at  right  angles  to  the  book- 
shelves is  covered  with  pictures.  In  the  centre  is  an  oval  H.L.  portrait  of 
Hawkins  holding  open  a  book  inscribed  The  Life  of  myself  [word  illegible] 
then  in  the  Commission  of  the  Peace.  His  face  is  a  blank  on  which  is  the 
word  Myself.    On  the  1.  is  a  T.Q.L.  portrait  of  Boswell,  pointing  to  a 

547 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

picture  below  of  Boswell  and  Johnson  scaling  a  mountain  (on  their  Scottish 
tour).  On  the  r.  is  a  H.L.  profile  portrait  of  Courtenay  with  a  pen  looking 
towards  a  bust  of  Priscian;  in  the  background  is  Parnassus  on  which 
Pegasus  is  stumbling.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
Madam!  my  Debt  to  Nature  paid 
I  thought  the  Grave  with  hallow'd  Shade 

Would  now  protect  my  Name 
Yet  there  in  vain  I  seek  Repose 
My  Friends  each  little  fault  disclose 

And  murder  Johnsons  Fame 
Firsts  B  ....  II  with  officious  Care 

Shewed  me  as  Man  would  shew  a  Bear 

And  calVd  himself  my  Friend^ 
Sir  John  with  Nonsense  strew' d  my  hearse 
And  Co  ...  .y  pestered  me  with  Verse 

You  torture  without  Endy 
When  Streatham  spread  its  friendly  Board 
I  opened  Learnings  valued  hoard 

And  as  I  feasted  prosed 
Good  things  I  said  good  things  I  eat 
I  gave  you  knowledge  for  your  Meat 

And  thought  the  Account  was  closed 
If  Obligations  still  I  owed 

You  sold  each  item  to  the  Croud 

I  suffered  by  the  Sale. 
For  God's  sake  Madam^  let  me  rest 
Nor  longer  vex  your  quondam  Guest 

ril  pay  you  for  your  Ale. 

Mrs.  Piozzi  published  Letters  to  and  from  the  late  Samuel  Johnson^  LL.D. 
in  1788,  making,  according  to  Boswell,  ^£500.  For  Boswell's  Towr,  see 
Nos.  7028-52  (the  Life  was  not  published  till  179 1) ;  for  Courtenay 's  verses. 
No.  7052.  Hawkins's  rambling  and  somewhat  egoistic  Life  was  published 
in  1787. 

In  An  Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces,  ii.  71,  where  the  last  twelve  lines  of 
verse  are  printed,  the  plate  is  described  as  *an  admirable  rebuke  to  the 
venal  pen  of  Madame  Piozzi',  and  'the  production  of  a  well-known  and 
ingenious  Satyrist'.  For  Johnson's  ghost  cf.  No.  8281. 
7|x6T^ein. 

7418  THE  LUMINOUS  HISTORIAN. 
[Attributed  to  (Rev.)  James  Douglas.] 

London;  Publishe'd  by  PP«  Holland  Printseller  N"  50^  Oxford  Street, 
August  the  12^^  iy88. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  bust  portrait  in  profile  to  the  r.  of 
Gibbon,  much  caricatured.  His  small  features  are  recessed  between  a 
bulging  forehead  and  projecting  chin.  The  neck  is  very  heavy.  The  hair 
is  arranged  in  a  high  toupet  and  a  bag  which  rests  on  very  round  shoulders. 
The  three  last  volumes  of  the  Decline  and  Fall  were  published  27  Apr. 
1788,  Gibbon's  fifty-first  birthday.  Sheridan  referred  in  his  speech  of 
13  June  1788  (see  No.  7331,  &c.)  to  the  luminous  pages  of  Gibbon';  this 

548 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

compliment  Gibbon  heard,  but  asked  Dudley  Long  to  repeat  it  exactly; 
Long  answered  *he  said  something  about  your  Voluminous  pages'.  Life  and 
Letters  of  Sir  G.  Elliot^  i.  219.  Rogers  (Table  Talky  p.  66)  tells  a  different 
version.  On  another  impression  (not  in  B.M.)  *Vo'  has  been  prefixed  in 
pen  to  'Luminous'.  Colman's  verses  on  Gibbon  and  Lady  Elizabeth  Foster 
are  called  The  Luminous  Historian  (18 16).  This  caricature  gave  great 
offence  to  Gibbon,  whose  profile  'needed  no  exaggeration'.  Angelo, 
Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  332.  Other  caricatures  of  Gibbon  are  in  the  Print 
Room:  a  pen  drawing  by  Lady  D.  Beauclerc,  and  pencil  sketches  by 
J.  Walpole. 

4|X4jin. 

7419  "THOU  ART  WEIGHED  IN  THE  BALANCES,  AND  ART 
FOUND  WANTING."    Daniel,  Chapter  5  Verse  27. 

[June  1788'] 
[?J.  Baldrey.] 

Puh^  by  Critical  Reviewers. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Watson,  Bishop  of  Llandaff  (1.),  and 
Gibbon  (r.)  sit  on  the  opposite  scales  of  a  balance,  with  their  respective 
works,  Gibbon  outweighing  Watson.  Watson,  wearing  a  mitre  and  lawn 
sleeves,  sits  on  a  pile  of  six  volumes  inscribed  Theological  Trac[ts'\y  saying. 
Boy — Put  in  the  Chymical  Essays.  A  ragged  boy  kneels  below  the  scale 
holding  up  to  the  bishop  a  pamphlet  inscribed  An  Apology  for  Christianity 
In  a  Le[tter].  Beside  him  is  a  pile  of  five  books,  one  inscribed  Chymical 
Essays  by  ...  .  Gibbon  sits  complacently  on  volumes  J  to  j  of  Gibbons 
Roman  history.  Volumes  4-6  are  piled  up  beside  him. 

In  1776  Watson  published  his  Apology  for  Christianity  in  a  series  of 
Letters  to  .  .  .  Gibbon  .  .  .,  as  an  antidote  to  Gibbon's  fifteenth  chapter.  He 
edited  A  Collection  of  Theological  Tracts ^  6  vols.,  1785.  For  his  Chemical 
EssaySy  5  vols.,  1781-7,  see  No.  7148.  Volumes  4-6  of  the  Decline  and 
Fall  were  published  on  27  April  1788,  cf.  No.  7148.  They  are  not  men- 
tioned in  the  Critical  Review  for  1788. 

Reproduced,  Social  England^  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  613. 

9|XiiJin. 

7420  A  LYCEUM  ODDITY  OR  STOP  HIM  WHO  CAN! 

C.W  fecit 

Dublin,  Published  Oct'  i.  1788 

Engraving.  An  actor  stands  directed  to  the  r.,  head  turned  in  profile  to 
the  r.,  holding  out  a  grotesque  ( ?  tragic)  mask.  His  own  expression  is  that 
of  a  comedian.  He  is  fashionably  dressed,  chapeau-bras.  with  bag-wig, 
high  coat-collar,  and  sparrow- tail  coat. 

A  caricature  of  Dibdin,  see  No.  7953.  The  Lyceum  was  the  name  of  the 
exhibition  rooms  of  the  Incorporated  Society  of  Artists,  built  in  1765 
(burned  down  1830)  and  used  for  exhibitions  and  concerts ;  Dibdin  gave  his 
Oddities  there,  1788-9.  C.  Dibdin,  Professional  Life  of  Mr  Dibdin,  1803, 
iii.  3,  9. 
9|X5|in.  (clipped). 

^  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks. 
549 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7421  A.  SANDWICH. 

[?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥Jany  I  iy88.  hy  S  W  Fores  Satirist  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Lord  Sandwich  walks 
in  profile  to  the  r.  between  two  ladies.  One  (1.),  her  head  in  profile,  puts 
her  hand  on  Sandwich's  r.  arm ;  the  other  turns  full-face. 

The  original  water-colour  is  reproduced,  Angelo,  Reminiscences j  1904, 
i.  332.  The  ladies  are  identified  by  Angelo  as  'the  celebrated  Miss  Gordon' 
and  Miss  Ray.  The  latter,  however,  died  in  1779  (cf.  No.  5540). 

Rubens,  No.  3  (reproduction),  the  ladies  being  identified  as  the  Abrams, 
see  No.  7421  A. 
i2iX7j|in. 

7421  A  A.  SANDWICH. 

Pub,  Fehy  8.  iy88,  hy  S  W  Fores  Satirist  N^  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  same  plate  as  No.  7421,  altered. 
The  two  ladies  have  been  re-drawn  and  are  shorter,  smaller,  differently 
dressed,  and  of  more  coquettish  appearance.  The  one  on  the  r.  appears 
to  be  dragging  Sandwich  forward ;  his  profile  remains  impassive.  They  are 
identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  'Miss  Abram's'.  There  were  three  sisters, 
vocalists :  Harriet,  Theodora,  and  Eliza  Abrams.  Grove,  Musical  Diet. 
12JX9J  ill- 

7422  A  PIG  IN  A  POKE.    WHIST,  WHIST. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec'  JO'*  iy88.  hy  S.W.  Fores,  AT**  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  Four  men,  their  feet  cut  off  by  the  lower  margin,  play  whist 
at  a  rectangular  table ;  each  has  one  card  in  his  hand  and  is  about  to  play 
the  last  trick,  the  tricks  piled  on  the  table  show  that  each  side  has  six 
tricks.  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey  (1.)  looks  at  his  partner  (r.),  a  very  stout  man 
wearing  a  legal  wig,  both  hold  court  cards  (diamonds).  The  man  seated 
on  the  farther  side  of  the  table  looks  sideways  at  Mawbey,  saying,  O — h! 
you've  brought  your  Pigs  to  a  fine  Market!  His  partner,  in  back  view,  is  a 
very  thin  man  whose  hair  extends  grotesquely  on  each  side  of  his  head ; 
he  holds  the  five  of  diamonds.  From  Mawbey's  pocket  projects  a  docu- 
ment, Surrey  Commission^  and  a  book.  Burn  Justice  (Burn's  well-known 
Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Parish  Officer,  used  by  all  acting  J.P.s,  not  an 
exhortation  to  incendiarism  as  Evans  supposes).  Above  his  head  is  a 
picture  of  a  pig  feeding  from  a  trough. 

This  is  said  by  Evans  to  relate  to  a  quarrel  between  Mawbey  and  his 
steward,  whom  he  arrested  for  a  balance  of  ^£30  alleged  to  be  due;  the 
steward  brought  an  action  and  received  £150  damages.  Mawbey's  partner 
is  identified  by  E.  Hawkins  as  Mr.  Stevenson.  Mawbey,  a  Southwark 
distiller,  bred  great  quantities  of  hogs,  and  is  seldom  mentioned  without 
some  allusion  to  this. 

In  March  1759  Gillray  wrote  to  Fores  asking  payment  {{^1  11s.  6d.)  for 
this  print  as  well  as  for  Nos.  7380, 7381.  Broadley,  Napoleon  in  Caricature, 
191 1,  pp.  26-7. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  106.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  38. 
8|Xi2f  in. 

550 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

7423  MOSES  GORDEN  OR  THE  WANDERING  JEW. 

Puh  J  any  5  iy88  by  A  Davis  Birmingham 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Gordon  stands  in  profile  to  the  1. ;  a  bag 
under  his  1.  arm,  rabbit-skins  in  his  r.  hand  indicate  a  street-dealer  in  old 
clothes.  He  wears  an  overcoat  over  a  plain  dark  suit,  a  round  hat ;  his  hair 
falls  lankly  down  his  back,  and  he  has  a  beard.  Behind  is  a  high  wall  with 
windows  near  the  top,  above  which  appear  roofs  and  a  dome.  Under  the 
title  is  etched :  In  the  Dress  he  now  wears  in  Newgate. 

Gordon  lived  in  the  house  of  a  Jew  in  Birmingham  after  his  conviction 
for  two  libels  (see  No.  7209,  &c.),  and  before  his  sentence  (28  Jan.  1788) 
to  five  years'  imprisonment.   See  No.  7424. 

Rubens,  No.  136.  Reproduced,  E.  N.  Adler,  Jews  in  LondoUy  1930. 
7ix6i^6in. 

7424  MOSES  CHUSING  HIS  COOK 

[Ramberg.] 

Published  Feb  11,  1788,  by  T,  Harmar  Engraver,  iV"  164  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  Lord  George  Gordon  dines  in  Newgate  surrounded  by 
obsequious  Jews.  He  sits  in  profile  to  the  r.  before  a  small  circular  table ; 
a  Jew  holding  a  plate  offers  him  food  in  a  spoon.  Another  Jew  wearing  a 
hat  and  old-fashioned  laced  waistcoat  stands  (r.)  holding  a  dish.  Four 
others  hasten  towards  the  table  from  the  r.  A  Jew  wearing  a  gaberdine  and 
skull-cap  with  a  goat-like  beard  stands  behind  his  chair;  another  wearing 
a  hat  and  a  voluminous  gown  stands  full  face  on  Gordon's  1.,  holding  up 
his  arms  in  rapture  at  the  distinguished  convict.  Through  a  stone  arch- 
way (1.)  an  English  cook  advances,  carrying  a  sucking-pig  on  a  dish.  A 
grotesque-looking  Jew  is  about  to  kick  him;  another,  holding  his  nose, 
hastens  after  him,  his  arm  raised  threateningly.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  a 
spaniel  gnaws  a  bone.  Massive  stone  masonry  and  a  barred  window  high 
up  in  the  wall  indicate  Newgate.  Gordon's  lank  hair  falls  on  his  shoulders 
and  he  has  a  beard,  but  he  and  the  English  cook  are  not  caricatured.  The 
Jews  are  of  grotesque  and  exaggerated  Jewish  type,  all  with  beards. 

For  Gordon's  conversion  to  Judaism  and  imprisonment  see  No.  7423. 
In  Newgate  he  conformed  in  all  respects  to  the  Jewish  religion,  had  six 
or  eight  persons  to  dinner  daily  and  gave  a  ball  once  a  fortnight.  D.N.B. 
See  Trans.  Jewish  Hist.  Soc.  vii.  268. 

Rubens,  No.  137. 

Reissued  by  Fores,  i  Apr.  1803. 
ioJxi3iiin. 

7425  THE  TRIUMPH 
[Ramberg.] 

Published  Janv  J7,  iy88  by  T.  Harmar,  N°  164  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  fantastic  representation  of  Humphries  after  his  fight  with 
Mendoza  at  Odiham  on  9  Jan.  1788.  Distinguished  amateurs  chair  (I.  to  r.) 
Humphries  who  sits  with  his  hands  on  his  hips  looking  down  with  a  scowl 
at  Mendoza  (1.),  who  reclines,  very  sick.  The  two  foremost  supporters  of 
Humphries'  chair  are  the  Prince  of  Wales  waving  his  hat,  and  a  stout 
butcher  who  puts  his  r.  arm  round  the  Prince's  waist.   Behind  them  (1.) 

551 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  a  man  in  a  furred  civic  gown  ( ?  Alderman  Newnham)  and  a  cheering 
( ?)  sailor,  of  grotesque  appearance.  On  the  1.  is  a  group  of  Jews :  one, 
with  the  appearance  of  a  rabbi,  supports  Mendoza,  pointing  over  his 
shoulder  to  Lord  George  Gordon,  who  stands  behind,  reading  from  the 
Talmud.  Another  kneels  beside  Mendoza,  tending  his  wounds.  All  four 
have  beards.  In  front  of  the  procession  (r.)  marches  George  Hanger,  turn- 
ing his  head  to  watch  the  Prince.  In  his  r.  hand  is  his  shillelagh,  in  his  1. 
he  supports  a  large  banner  on  which  is  a  picture  of  Humphries  sparring, 
in  a  crouching  attitude,  with  the  inscription:  Long  live  Humphries  the 
Victorious y  who  in  a  bloody  fight  overcame  the  12  Tribes  of  Israel  Hallelu. 
Halle.  On  a  mound  behind  Hanger,  Major  Topham  stands  facing  the 
procession  blowing  a  trumpet  from  which  issue  the  words  The  Hero  of  the 
World!  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  newspaper  headed  Fashionable  Advertiser^  with 
the  imprint  J.  Bell  &  Co.  (see  No.  721 1).  A  woman  stands  on  the  extreme 
r.  gazing  admiringly  at  Humphries,  while  behind  Topham  a  cheering 
crowd  receding  in  perspective  watches  the  procession.  Beneath  the  design 
is  engraved :  Lo  he  was  sorely  bruised  &"  much  dismayed  for  he  had  been  dealt 
heavily  with;  then  came  certain  of  his  Tribe  &  ministered  unto  him^  among 
the  rest  a  Man  named  G:  Moses  [Gordon]  lately  a  Convert  to  their  faith. 
And  many  of  the  chief  Men  of  the  Land  assembled  on  this  Occasion^  &  the 
Magistrates  of  the  City;  so  that  there  was  a  great  Multitude ^  yea  verily  a 
mixed  Multitude^  <Sf  they  rent  the  Air  with  shouts  &  Acclamations 

There  are  several  prints  of  this  famous  fight,  one  by  Gillray,  18  Jan. 
1788,  is  entitled  Foul  Play  ^  or  Humphreys  arui  Johnson  a  Match  for  Mendoza^ 
in  which  the  intervention  of  Johnson,  Humphries 's  second,  is  represented 
as  saving  Humphries.  (In  Print  Room.)  See  Rubens,  Nos.  189,  191,  192, 
192  A,  193.  The  Prince  and  Hanger  exult  at  the  discomfiture  of  the  Jews 
as  representing  money-lenders.  The  Odiad  .  .  .,  1788,  describes  the  scene 
after  the  battle  much  as  in  this  print:  Mendoza  tended  by  his  'chap- 
fall'n  brethren*: 

The  gaping  Throng  their  Christian  Champion  view ; 

On  their  broad  brawny  Backs  the  Victor  raise. 

Amidst  the  Thunder  of  a  Mob's  Huzzas. 
This  was  the  occasion  of  Humphries 's  famous  message  to  his  patron : 
*Sir,  I  have  done  the  Jew  and  am  in  good  health.*  See  Miles,  Pugilisticay 
1880,  i.  86-8.  Cf.  No.  7269. 

Rubens,  No.  190  (reproduction). 
I2fxi8f  in. 

7426  BOXING  MADE  EASY  OR  HUMPHREYS  GIVING  A  LESSON 
TO  A  LOVER  OF  THE  POLITE  ARTS. 

Printed  for  Jrf  Smith,  N°  55,  Cheapside,  Feb.  16.  iy88. 

Engraving.  The  burly  Humphries  (r.),  wearing  boxing-gloves,  faces  a  thin 
foppish  man  who  spars  without  gloves.    A  satire  on  the  popularity  of 
pugilism,  see  No.  7425  and  index. 
7jx6Jin. 

7427  THE  FIGHTING  TAYLORS. 

Pub.  Aprill  ly  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  A7^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  tailors,  stripped  to  the  waist, 
fight  each  other  with  shears.  One  (1.)  has  just  cut  off  the  nose  of  his  very 

552 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

emaciated  opponent,  but  his  own  ear  falls  to  the  ground.  One  second  (1.) 
holds  a  cucumber  in  each  hand  in  place  of  a  lemon.  The  other  (r.)  holds 
a  cabbage,  while  on  the  extreme  r.  a  lean  tailor  holds  a  tape-measure.  On 
the  floor  are  cucumbers,  cabbages,  garments,  and  a  tailor's  goose. 

A  satire  on  the  favourite  subject  of  tailors.   Cabbage  was  the  term  for 
pieces  of  stuflp  which  tailors  were  reputed  to  pilfer,  while  they  were  said 
to  subsist  upon  cucumbers  in  the  summer,   Grose,  Diet,  Vulg.  Tongue, 
Cf.  Nos.  5399,  5805,  8035. 
7jXioJin. 

7428  THE  HAPPY  ESCAPE— OR  ARCH— RUNAWAY'S. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.]  Archer  Exec^. 

Pub  March  ig  iy88,  by  S  W,  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  a  set  of  three,  see  Nos.  7429, 
7430.  Lady  Archer  (1.)  drives  (1.  to  r.)  her  very  high  gig,  as  in  No.  61 14, 
but  her  daughters  take  the  place  of  four  horses.  Three  daughters,  how- 
ever, have  broken  their  reins  and  run  from  their  mother  in  single  file. 
The  remaining  daughter  holds  up  her  hands  imploringly.  Lady  Archer, 
an  angry  harridan,  slashes  her  whip  at  the  runaways.  On  the  side  of  the 
gig  is  an  A  in  an  escutcheon  surmounted  by  three  crossed  arrows  and  a 
baron's  coronet.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  signpost,  one  arm  of  which  points 
To  Longsl ....  The  other,  in  the  direction  which  the  daughters  are  taking. 
To  Bruton  St.  All  the  ladies  wear  the  broad-brimmed  hats  with  high 
circular  crowns  which  had  just  become  fashionable.  Lady  Archer  wears 
a  driving-dress  with  a  triple  cape  and  a  large  shirt-frill. 

For  the  escape  of  the  Miss  Archers  from  slavery  to  their  mother  see 
No.  7301,  &c.  Miss  Banks  has  identified  the  daughter  still  in  bondage  as 
Harriet,^  while  the  foremost  runaway  (in  back  view)  is  Maria,  the  next 
Anne,  and  the  last  Miss  (Sarah)  Archer. 

Storer  writes,  2  May  1788,  to  Eden:  *A  pleasant  caricature  of  Lady 
Archer  is  lately  come  out  .  .  .';  he  describes  this  print,  adding,  *The 
fourth,  however,  has  now  left  Lady  Archer's  house,  and  is  gone  to  set  up 
for  herself.'  Auckland  Correspondence^  ii.  207-8. 

7428  A  Another  impression  in  which  To  Bruton  Street  is  in  reversed 
(looking-glass)  characters. 

9jXi6f  in. 

7429  THE  VAIN  PURSUIT 

[  ?  Kingsbury.]  Archer  Execu^ 

Pub  March  30  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  sequel  to  No.  7428.  Lady  Archer, 
dressed  as  in  No.  7428,  rides  on  the  back  of  one  of  her  daughters  who 
proceeds  (r.  to  1.),  lashed  by  her  mother,  her  hands  on  the  ground,  looking 
round  angrily.  They  are  on  a  country  road :  a  signpost  points  straight  on 
through  a  pool  of  water  To  Disipationy  and  (1.)  To  Plymouth,  On  this  road, 
behind  a  hedge,  are  the  three  fugitive  daughters  in  single  file ;  the  foremost 
*  Not  in  Burke's  Extinct  Peerage  ;m.  1790  Edward  Bolton  Clive.  Journal  of  Lady 
Holland,  1908,  ii.  10. 

553 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

says,  Just  &  steady  to  our  purpose.  Immediately  behind  Lady  Archer  is 
a  lady,  who  closely  resembles  her,  but  is  very  stout,  sitting  on  a  lean  grey- 
hound whose  collar  is  inscribed  West ;  under  her  r.  arm  is  a  small  poodle. 
Behind  and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  Lady  Archer's  phaeton,  without  horses. 

Lady  Archer  is  followed  by  her  sister.  Miss  West.    On  20  May  1788 
the  eldest  Miss  Archer  married  the  Earl  of  Plymouth,  see  No.  7301.   Lady 
Archer,  who  belonged  to  the  Carlton  House  set,  had  a  reputation  for 
dissipation,  soon  to  be  increased  by  her  faro-table. 
9jftxi6|in. 

7429  A  Another  impression  in  which  a  second  s  has  been  inserted  with 
a  caret  in  Disipatioity  and  Miss  West's  profile  has  been  modified:  the  nose 
is  straight  instead  of  Roman,  and  her  neck  is  less  thick. 

7430  SO!  SO!  THE  RACE  WAS  FOR  A  HUSBAND. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub  May  i  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  Saterist  iV^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  sequel  to  Nos.  7428,  7429.  Lord 
Plymouth  and  Miss  Archer  walk  arm  in  arm  along  a  path  towards  a 
country  church  on  the  extreme  1.  In  the  porch  are  the  vicar  and  his  clerk. 
Plymouth  says  : 

See  the  Vicar  waits  to  Join 

Plymouth  to  Archer  all  Divine 
She  says : 

Let  us  now  to  Church  repair 

Hymens  bonds  I  had  rather  bear 

Than  a  Mothers  surly  care 
Her  two  sisters  walk  immediately  behind  them,  hand  in  hand.   On  the 
extreme  r.  Lady  Archer,  dressed  as  in  No.  7428,  &c.,  walks  off  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  saying: 

You  may  go  if  you  mil 

For  I  shall  have  my  fill 

Of  Mirth  &  of  Pleasure 

Without  End  or  Measure 

So  take  your  own  way 

In  the  middle  distance  the  fourth  daughter  runs  away,  her  back  to  her 
mother.  Plymouth  is  very  fat,  as  in  No.  5761. 
9|Xi6f  in. 

7431  [SIR  JOSEPH  BANKS  AT  DINNER.]  [1788] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  Peter's  Prophecy  .  .  .  or^  an  important  Epistle 
to  Sir  J.  Banks,  on  the  approaching  election  of  a  president  of  the  Royal 
Society.  Five  ugly  and  elderly  members  of  the  Royal  Society  are  seated 
in  arm-chairs  at  a  rectangular  dinner-table.  A  footman  (r.)  is  about  to 
place  on  the  table  a  dish  containing  an  alligator.  The  head  of  a  strange 
horned  beast  is  the  chief  dish  on  the  table;  there  is  also  a  frog  on  a  plate. 
Banks  (1.)  gnaws  a  serpent  which  he  holds  in  both  hands.  The  two  walls 
of  the  room  are  closely  covered  with  stuflPed  specimens  and  butterflies, 

554 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

insects,  &c.,  in  cases.  The  former  include  a  sow,  a  goose,  three  owls,  a 
deformed  human  skeleton.  Two  dogs  gnaw  bones. 

The  verses  are  a  lengthy  attack  on  Banks  for  {inter  alia)  ejecting 
philosophy  (in  the  persons  of  Horsley,  Maseres,  and  others)  from  the 
Society  in  the  petty  interests  of  natural  history ;  he  is  said  to  have  secured 
the  chair  by  abusing  and  jostling  Pringle  (see  No.  5426)  out  of  it;  and  is 
threatened  with  the  loss  of  the  presidency  at  the  forthcoming  annual 
election  on  30  November. 

The  secession  of  Horsley  and  others  took  place  in  1784  after  which 
Banks's  ascendancy  was  never  questioned.    The  room  is  probably  in 
Banks's  house  in  Soho  Square,  where  his  collections  were  accessible  to 
scientists  of  all  nations.   See  D.N.B. 
6%X^  in.  B.M.L.  642. 1.  10/7. 

7432  MR  ROSEWARNE,  MEMBER  FOR  TRURO  PULLING  PETER 
BY  THE  NOSE.  [1788] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  An  Epistle  from  Pindar  to  his  pretended  cousin 
Peter  .  .  .  (see  No.  7433).  The  verses,  though  attributed  to  Wolcot  in  the 
B.M.L.  Catalogue,  are  a  vicious  attack  upon  him,  and  were  perhaps 
written  by  'Paul  Pindar',  who  attacked  his  'kinsman'  Peter,  in  The  Pleiad^ 
1787.^  The  author  was  evidently  acquainted  with  Wolcot's  life  at  Truro. 
A  scene  in  the  market-place,  Truro.  A  gentleman  in  riding-dress  (1.)  holds 
the  nose  of  an  apothecary,  while  he  kicks  him  and  raises  his  cane  to  strike. 
The  apothecary  is  dressed  as  a  doctor  and  holds  a  cane,  a  medicine-phial 
projects  from  his  pocket.  Behind  him  (r.)  is  his  house  with  the  sign  of 
a  pestle  and  mortar  over  the  open  door  within  which  are  jars  ranged  on 
shelves.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  colonnaded  market  building  with  a 
belfry.  Market  women  with  baskets  and  men  watch  the  encounter. 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

For  when  a  Man  is  past  his  sense ^ 

There^s  no  Way  to  reduce  him  thence ^ 

But  twinging  him  by  th'  Ears  or  Nose 

Or  laying  on  of  heavy  Blows; 

Hudibras 

Henry  Rosewarne,  M.P.  for  Truro  (d.  1783),  is  said  in  the  text  to  have 
so  treated  Peter  Pindar  for  'some  scurrilous  jests,  and  illiberal  attacks  on 
his  character'.  Op.  cit.,  p.  19.  Wolcot  had  a  house  on  the  Green,  Truro, 
where  he  practised  as  a  doctor  from  c.  1773  to  1779,  when  he  quarrelled 
with  the  Corporation.  D.N.B. 
8  X  6i  in.  B.M.L.  642. 1.  10/4. 

7433  PETER  ADMIRING  HIMSELF  WHILE  PLAYING  ON  THE 
FIDDLE.  [1788] 

Engraving.  Illustration  to  An  Epistle  from  Pindar . . .  (see  No.  7432),  p.  22. 
Peter  Pindar  (John  Wolcot)  plays  a  fiddle,  stooping  to  look  at  his  reflection 
in  a  mirror  which  stands  (r.)  on  a  small  table.  His  ragged  stockings  show 
his  feet;  one  slipper  is  off  and  is  being  nibbled  by  a  rat.  The  room  is 
poverty-stricken,  the  plaster  having  fallen  from  the  wall  in  patches.  It 
contains  a  half-tester  truckle  bed,  table,  and  two  chairs,  on  one  of  which 

^  The  Epistle  is  similar  in  format  to  Pindar's  works  and  has  been  bound  with 
them.  The  publisher,  however,  is  Bew,  who  published  similar  attacks  on  Wolcot. 
Most  of  Pindar's  genuine  works  were  published  by  Kearsley. 

555 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

sits  a  cat,  on  the  other  (1.)  is  an  open  music-book:  Black  Joke.  On  the 
bed  is  a  book :  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man,  On  the  wall  is  a  print  of  a  bear 
playing  a  flute  and  a  boar  playing  a  fiddle,  while  an  owl  sits  on  a  perch 
behind  them.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

NoWy  Sir,  Fm  very  fond  of  fidling — 

And  on  a  Sunday,  from  all  scruple  free, 

I  scrape  the  old  Black  Joke,  and  Chere-Amie. 

Peters  Pension 

This  is  a  misquotation  from  Peter'' s  Pension : 

I've  asked  my  conscience,  that  came  straight  from  Heaven 
Whether  I  stood  a  chance  to  be  forgiv'n 
If  on  a  Sunday  ,  .  ,[ut  supra] 
I  scrap 'd  .  .  . 

The  text  attacks  Wolcot  (inter  alia)  for  his  vanity  and  his  abuse  of  the 

King ;  his  writing  is  attributed  to  his  poverty : 

How  without  fire  thou  sat'st  the  winter  night, 
And  when  thou  walkedst  had  no  foot  to  stocking. 

7|X  6i  in.  B.M.L.  642. 1.  10/4. 

7434  JUDAS  RETURNING  TO  EAST  HADON  AT  3  O'CLOCK 
ON  SATURDAY  MORNING  ...  [c.  1788] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  The  Northamptonshire  Female  Dreamer.  .  .  . 
By  Sally  Sly.  (* Birmingham :  Printed  for  Butlyn,  and  Garill.  . .  .')  A  stout, 
plainly-dressed  man  rides  (1.  to  r.)  at  full  speed  along  a  road  indicated  by 
a  milestone:  LXXIV  Miles  from  London,  and  a  signpost:  To  East  Hadon. 
From  his  pocket  hangs  a  paper :  Sam  Collis's  Will  Nov  12.  The  title  con- 
tinues :  &  to  cover  his  Villiany,  dated  the  Will  8  days  before  it  was  either  Made 
or  Executed.  Look  at  his  pockett.  &  See  Page  y^  5  of  Sally  Sly's  Dream. 

The  pamphlet  is  reprinted  in  Tracts  relating  to  Northamptonshire,  2nd  s., 
1 88 1,  where  the  print  is  reproduced.  It  relates  a  conspiracy  between 
'Judas',  a  rich  farmer  of  Ravingthorpe,  and  Collis's  wife  to  defraud 
Collis's  nephew  and  heir  by  a  'pretended  will'.  The  supposed  dream  is 
in  the  28th  year  of  George  III. 
3ix6j|in. 

7435  GRIM-ALL-DAY  AT  BREAKFAST. 
Pub:  May  15  1788,  by  I  Berry  Oxford  Street. 

Mezzotint.  A  middle-aged  man  sits  beside  a  small  table  on  which  are  tea- 
things,  toasting  a  muffin  at  a  fire  (r.)  on  which  is  a  large  kettle.  A  young 
woman  (1.)  leans  her  elbow  on  the  other  side  of  the  table.  She  wears  a 
loose  morning-gown ;  stays,  a  tankard,  plate,  and  knife  lie  on  the  ground 
beside  her.  A  dog  barks  at  an  angry  cat  in  an  armchair  (r.).  On  the 
chimney-piece  are  a  lantern,  bottle,  glass,  &c.  A  large  folding  screen 
stretches  across  the  room  and  forms  a  background  to  the  figures;  on  it 
hangs  a  pair  of  top-boots. 

Identified  with  Grimaldi  the  actor,  but  the  father  of  Joseph  Grimaldi 
(1779-1837)  died  23  Mar.  1788,  aged  75.  Possibly  William  Grimaldi 
(1751-1830),  the  miniature-painter. 

Burney,  'Theatrical  Portraits',  iv.  No.  81. 
7ix8|in. 

556 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

7436  LADY  .  CRAVEINGS  .  TEA  .  POT.  [?  1788]^ 

Photograph  of  an  engraving.  A  globular  tea-pot  has  the  head  of  a  man 
turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  wearing  a  feathered  cocked  hat.  The  handle  is 
the  man's  1.  arm  placed  akimbo.  The  body  of  the  pot  is  chased,  part  of 
the  decoration  being  the  facings  of  a  military  coat,  a  ribbon  and  star.  A 
sword  hangs  from  it. 

A  satire  on  the  liaison  between  Lady  Craven  and  the  Margrave  of 
Anspach,  see  No.  7569. 
Photograph,  3JX2I  in. 

7437  THE  INSIDE  OF  THE  LADY'S  GARDEN  AT  VAUXHALL. 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub  May  14  iy88  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  ladies'  cloak-room.  Against  the  wall  on  two 
sides  of  the  room  is  a  bench  forming  a  latrine  on  which  four  fashionably 
dressed  ladies  are  seated.  On  the  r.  a  woman  in  profile  to  the  r.,  resembling 
Lady  Archer,  applies  paint  to  her  cheeks  before  a  mirror  lit  by  two  candles. 
A  young  woman  seated  beside  her  on  the  extreme  r.  ties  up  her  garter; 
this  is  inscribed  on  things  ( })  eternal.  She  wears  a  large  nosegay.  All  wear 
hats  except  one,  whose  hair  is  ornamented  with  feathers,  &c.  On  the 
ground  are  a  glove,  a  nosegay,  and  papers  inscribed  D^  Leak  [maker  of 
much-advertised  pills],  &c.  The  room  is  lit  by  single  candles  in  sconces. 

For  Lady  Archer  and  her  daughters,  see  Nos.  7428-30,  &c. 
9^Xi6|in. 

7438  A  CONVENIENCE. 

[Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  March  6  1788  by  S  W  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  remov- 
ing her  gloves ;  her  head  is  turned  to  the  spectator.  Against  the  wall  of  the 
room,  which  appears  from  the  carpet  and  an  oval  mirror  in  a  carved  frame 
to  be  a  drawing-room,  stands  a  commode,  which  if  the  lid  were  closed 
would  resemble  an  ordinary  chair.  She  wears  the  projections  at  bust  and 
waist  which  were  the  subjects  of  caricature  c.  1786-7  (cf.  Nos.  6874, 
7099,  &c.).  Her  hat,  poised  sideways,  has  a  steeple  crown. 
94x61^6  in. 

7439  THE  PRINCES  BOW. 

Designed  by  F.  G.  Byron  Esq' 

London;  Published  by    William  Holland^   Printseller,   at   Garrick's 

Richard,  N:  50,  Oxford  Street ,  near  Berner's  Street y  March  if^ 

1788, 

Holland's  Caricature  Rooms  are  now  open,  presenting  a  general  Exhibi- 
tion of  all  the  distinguished  Caricatures  that  have  been  published  the 
last  Ten  Years,  with  many  original  Paintings  and  Drawings  of  high 
celebrity.  Admittance,  one  Shilling. 

»    E.  Hawkins  (MS.  index)  gives  i  June  1778,  perhaps  a  slip  for  1788. 

557 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Engraving.  A  strip  design  of  figures,  generally  in  pairs,  in  the  manner 
made  popular  by  Bunbury's  Long  Minuet  (No.  7229).  All  attempt  to 
imitate  the  bow  of  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  the  words  spoken  are  etched  above 
the  head  of  the  speaker. 

A  tall  thin  man  bows,  facing  a  short  fat  one  who  says,  What  do  you  think 
of  mine.  Sir.  The  former  answers,  It  won't  do  upon  my  honor. 

An  isolated  middle-aged  man  stoops,  his  1.  hand  on  his  back,  his  r.  leg 
raised,  his  face  contorted  with  pain,  saying.  Oh,  damn  the  Lumbago! 

A  tall  thin  man,  whose  dress  imitates  that  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  bows, 
hat  in  hand,  saying.  Monstrous  like  the  Prince,  the  very  bow  dem  me.  His 
stout  and  ungainly  vis-a-vis,  dressed  in  the  fashion  of  c.  1760,  is  a  doctor 
with  medicine-phials  projecting  from  his  coat-pocket ;  he  bends  low,  saying. 
Curse  it,  Fve  burst  the  waistband  of  my  breeches. 

A  man  wearing  a  sword  bows,  holding  his  hat  in  both  hands;  he  says 
to  his  vis-a-vis,  a  young  Irish  volunteer  in  regimentals.  Good  God,  Sir,  you 
should  take  off  your  hat  when  you  make  a  bow!  The  other  (the  first  figure 
on  the  second  sheet)  answers,  Arrah  let  a  Volunteer  alone,  my  dear,  did 
you  ever  know  a  man  fire  before  he  presented! 

A  stiff",  thin  man,  resembling  No.  6718  (Furtado),  says  to  a  man  who 
bows  from  the  waist,  his  body  almost  horizontal,  his  long  pigtail  queue 
projecting  stiffly.  You  bow  too  low.  Sir.  The  other  answers,  And  you  seem  to 
be  spitted,  M*"  Jew. 

A  Frenchman,  chapeau-bras  and  wearing  a  bag-wig,  capers  like  a 
dancing-master,  saying.  Ha!  Ha!  by  gar  poor  John  Bull's  back  will  ache  at 
this  amusement.  His  foppishly  dressed  vis-a-vis  stiffly  imitates  his  attitude, 
saying.  These  tight  stays  will  be  the  death  of  me. 

A  plainly  dressed  man  bends  towards  a  boy  who  bows  awkwardly, 
saying.  Vary  weel,  Sawny,  vary  like  the  Prince's  bow! 

A  stout  and  ugly  bishop  (the  first  figure  on  the  third  sheet)  with  an  ill- 
fitting  wig,  bowing  obsequiously,  his  hands  on  his  breast,  faces  a  thin  stiff 
man  who  looks  at  him  through  an  eye-glass,  saying.  It  may  do  for  a  poor 
Curate  presenting  a  Petition!  The  bishop  answers,  Better  than  yours  you 
Pulpit  Prig. 

Burke  and  Fox,  both  chapeau-bras,  bow  facing  each  other :  Burke  says, 
Garrick's  bow  at  the  Shrine  of  Shakespeare  was  nothing  to  it.  Fox  answers, 
This  is  to  a  certainty  something  like  it. 

Thurlow,  in  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  bows,  saying.  He  take  precedence 

of  me!  d n  his  bow!  (cf.  No.  7320).   He  faces  George  Hanger,  wearing 

regimentals,  who  bows,  hat  in  hand,  saying.  It  would  kick  up  the  heels  of 
chastity  in  Maid,  Wife,  or  Widow. 

Mary  Frampton  notes  {Journal,  p.  16)  that  the  Prince's  bow  to  the 
throne  at  the  opening  of  Hastings's  trial  'was  universally  admired'.  Cf. 
No.  7309. 

Advertised  in  the  'Catalogue'  appended  to  Jordan's  Elixir  of  Life  as 
'The  Prince's  Bow:  exhibiting  twenty  Public  Characters,  imitating  the 
Prince  of  Wales's  Bow  before  the  Throne,  at  Westminster  Hall.  .  .  .  Price 
7s.  6d.  or  13s.  6d.' 

8^X75!  in.   (On  three  sheets.) 

7439  A  A  reduced  copy,  the  figures  arranged  in  two  rows,  is  in  the 
Hibernian  Magazine,  1788,  p.  393  (folding  pi.). 

74  X  i7i  in.  (pi.).  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

558 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

7440  THE  SCHOOL  FOR  SCANDAL. 

T.  Rowlandson.  inv^  V.  M.  Picot  derexiU 

Pu¥  Aug*  1 1788  by  V  M  Picot  N  6,  Greek  Street  Soho, 

Stipple.  A  strip  design  deriving  directly  from  No.  7230.  The  figures,  all 
women,  who  relate  a  story  of  an  elopement,  are  numbered,  and  the  words 
spoken  are  engraved  above  their  heads.  Two  elderly  harridans,  the  first 
wearing  a  calash  hood  and  holding  a  fan,  address  each  other:  i  says  Off! 
positively  off!  2  replies  Tm  thunderstruck !  j,  a  pretty  young  girl,  leans 
eagerly  towards  the  old  women,  saying.  Poor  Creature  how  I  pity  her! 
4,  a  stout  elderly  woman  in  riding-dress,  exclaims :  and  with  a  low  bred 
fellow!  5,  young  and  good-looking,  answers.  Did  you  expect  any  thing  else? 
6,  a  stout  lady  holding  a  large  muff^,  exclaims  A  footman  too!  7,  a  plainly 
dressed  elderly  woman,  answers  Even  so.  8y  a  stout  woman  wearing  an 
overcoat,  takes  9,  who  is  lean  and  ugly,  by  the  wrist,  saying.  Mind!  tis  a 
Secret.  The  other  answers  Not  a  Syllable.  10,  an  elderly  woman,  says  to 
two  pretty  young  women  {ii  and  12),  Poor  as  we  are  my  Daughter  would 
not  have  done  so.  ii  responds,  clasping  her  hands,  I?  God  forbid!  12  adds 
Oh  His  fashionable  life!  J j,  a  little  girl,  leans  eagerly  towards  this  group, 
saying.  She  vow*d  she'd  go.  J^,  a  charming  lady,  leans  towards  i$y  a  stout 
elderly  woman,  saying,  So  fine  a  Girl!  &  with  so  good  a  fortune!  Her  distress 
appears  genuine;  her  companion  answers  with  an  expression  of  sly  satis- 
faction, /  say  nothing.  The  last  couple,  16  and  J7,  are  of  the  type  of  Mother 
Windsor  (cf.  No.  6547,  ^^0  •  ^^^  says.  An  ill  made  Scoundrel  too!y  the  other 
answers.  He's  good  enough  for  her! 

The  design  is  on  five  plates;  the  portions  have  been  pasted  together, 
obscuring  the  plate  marks.   Titles  of  plays  were  much  used  as  titles  for 
caricatures,  cf.  No.  6924,  &c. 
8JX70  in. 

7440  A  A  reduced  copy,  the  figures  arranged  in  two  rows,  is  in  the 
Hibernian  Magazine^  1788,  p.  561  (folding  pL). 

8f  X  2oi  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7441  A  COTILLION. 

W.  H.  Kingsbury  Esq^  Del*.  Fecit. 

Pub  June  the  i  iy88  by  SW  Fores  A7^  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  One  of  the  strip 
designs  made  popular  by  Bunbury,  and  deriving  directly  from  his  Long 
Minuety  No.  7229.  Ten  couples,  of  all  ages,  dance  facing  each  other,  in  two 
cases  taking  hands.  The  print  consists  of  four  plates,  pasted  together,  the 
plate-marks  obliterated.  The  coloured  impression  has  no  signature.  For 
the  cotillion  see  also  Nos.  4599,  821 1. 

Reproduced  in  part,  G.  Vuillier,  History  of  Dancings  1898,  ii.  427. 
8i  X  82  in. 

7442  LIBERALITY  AND  DESIRE. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Nov^  2g.  iy88  by  W"*  Rowlandson.  N''  4g 

Engraving  in  the  manner  of  a  pen-drawing,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured 
and  uncoloured  impressions).   An  ugly  and  elderly  naval  officer  (1.)  puts 

559 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

his  1.  arm  round  the  shoulder  of  a  pretty  young  woman,  who  puts  her  1. 
hand  on  his  1.  hand,  taking  with  her  r.  hand  the  purse  which  he  offers.  He 
has  a  wooden  leg  and  a  patch  over  his  r.  eye ;  under  his  r.  arm  is  a  stick. 
A  companion  print  to  No.  7443. 

Apparently  the  print  described  by  Grego  as  Luxury  and  Desire^  28  Nov. 
1788.  Rowlandson,  i.  237. 
ii|X7i|  in.   With  border,  I3|x  loj  in.  *  Caricatures',  ix.  3. 

7443  LUST  AND  AVARICE. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  Nov''  2g  iy88  by  W""  Rowlandson  N''  4g  Broad  Street  Bloomshury. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  courtesan,  wearing  a  hat  and  cloak 
and  plainly  dressed,  puts  her  1.  arm  round  the  shoulders  of  an  elderly  man 
(r.),  brazenly  holding  out  her  hand  for  money.  The  man,  who  is  lean  and 
ugly,  and  dressed  in  an  old-fashioned  manner  with  a  tie-wig,  leers  at  her 
as  he  gropes  in  his  breeches-pocket.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7442. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  237. 
iif  X8  in.  With  border,  13!  x  loj  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  2. 

7444  LOVE  AND  DUST.  [1788] 
Rowlandson  Del 

Price  one  shilling  Coloured 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  group  of  cinder-sifters  at  work  on  one 
of  the  vast  laystalls  which  disgraced  the  surroundings  of  London  in  the 
1 8th  century  (notably  off  Tottenham  Court  Road).  A  woman  of  the  lowest 
type,  ragged,  naked  to  the  waist,  holds  her  sieve,  turning  her  head  to  her 
male  counterpart,  a  burly  dustman,  who  helps  her  by  shovelling  cinders 
into  her  sieve.  They  grin  amorously  at  each  other.  She  is  hideous,  stout, 
and  muscular.  Two  other  cinder-sifters  kneel  on  the  ground,  both  are 
aged  crones ;  one  bends  over  her  sieve,  the  other  drinks  a  glass  of  gin.  In 
the  foreground  are  the  bones  of  a  horse.  Behind  (1.)  is  the  dustman's  cart. 
In  the  sky  a  flight  of  birds  (1.)  are  suggestive  of  carrion  crows. 

The  cinder-sifters  and  hunters  (or  rag-pickers)  are  often  mentioned  in 
the  1 8th  century  as  the  lowest  type  of  London  women.  Those  depicted 
by  Rowlandson,  though  burlesqued,  are  probably  not  essentially  mis- 
represented. 

The  print  was  reissued  by  Tegg,  4  June  18 10,  and  the  impression 
described  is  probably  of  this  date.  The  impression  reproduced  by  Grego 
is  dated  1788. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  234-6  (reproduction),  ii.  189. 
1 1| X  8|-  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  178. 

7445  [AN  EPICURE.]^ 
Rowlandson.  iy88. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted,  and  in  the  manner  of  a  pen-drawing 
(coloured  impression).  An  obese  and  elderly  citizen  stands  almost  full-face 
holding  up  a  (?)  turbot,  vnth.  an  expression  of  intense  satisfaction.   His 

'  Title  from  Grego. 
560 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

1.  hand  holds  his  head,  pushing  up  his  wig.  His  dress  is  old-fashioned, 
with  a  flapped  waistcoat.   Between  his  feet  is  a  shallow  saucepan. 

Reissued  by  Fores,  i  Jan.  1801. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  238,  239  (reproduction),  ii.  22. 
I2fx8jin. 

7446  A  PRINT  SALE. 

Rowlandson.  iy88. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  sale-room  lit  by  a  candelabra  hanging  from 
the  ceiling.  The  buyers  and  connoisseurs  sit  on  the  outer  side  of  a  line 
of  trestle-tables  arranged  in  the  arc  of  a  circle.  Others  stand  behind  them. 
In  the  centre  sits  the  auctioneer  Hutchins,  stout  and  smiling,  his  hammer 
raised.  The  clerk  (Judd)  sits  facing  him  in  shadow,  writing  at  a  small  table 
lit  by  two  candles.  Two  attendants  stand  on  the  inner  side  of  the  trestles 
showing  the  lots.  One  (1.)  shows  a  large  volume  to  a  group  of  five,  the 
centre  figure  being  the  spectacled  Dr.  Lort.  On  the  walls  of  the  room  are 
framed  pictures,  including  one  of  a  reclining  Venus.  On  the  high  chimney- 
piece  are  statuettes.  The  persons  are  portraits,  slightly  caricatured,  and 
drawn  with  humour  and  expressiveness. 

J.  T.  Smith  writes:  'Rowlandson,  who  has  frequently  made  drawings 
of  Hutchins  and  his  print-auctions,  has  produced  a  most  spirited  etching, 
in  which  not  only  many  of  the  above  described  characters  are  introduced, 
but  also  most  of  the  printsellers  of  the  day.'  Book  for  a  Rainy  Day,  under 
the  year  1786. 

Book  lettered  *Rowlandson's  Imitations  of  Modern  Drawings',  No.  29. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTty  i.  241. 
6f  Xiof  in. 

7447  A  FENCING  MATCH. 

Rowlandson  iy88 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  fencing-room.  Two  elderly  men  fence,  one 
(1.)  stout,  the  other  (r.)  thin ;  they  do  not  wear  masks  or  jackets,  but  have 
flat  projecting  soles  tied  to  their  shoes.  Eleven  spectators,  in  a  semicircle, 
some  standing,  some  seated,  watch  with  amusement.  The  central  figures 
are  an  elderly  man  wearing  regimentals  and  top-boots,  and  a  foppish  man 
with  an  eye-glass  in  his  hand,  who  stand  together;  both  are  very  thin.  On 
the  walls  are  a  rack  for  foils,  from  which  hang  also  coats  and  masks,  and 
two  fencing-prints.  The  interior  is  very  bare  and  contrasts  with  the 
elegance  of  ikf  Angela's  Fencing  Academy y  179 1,  also  by  Rowlandson 
(reproduced  Angelo,  Reminiscences ^  1904,  ii.  77). 

Book  lettered  'Rowlandson's  Imitations  of  Modern  Drawings',  No.  23. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  240-1  (reproduction). 
6f  XiOig  in. 

7448  AGUE  &  FEVER. 

Designed  by  James  Dunthorney  Etched  by  T  Rowlandson. 
Pub.  as  the  Act  directs  March.  29  iy88.  by  T.  Rowlandson.  N""  50 
Poland  Street. 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  The  patient  sits  in  profile  to  the  1.  with 
chattering  teeth,  holding  his  hands  to  a  blazing  fire  on  the  extreme  1. 

561  00 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Ague,  a  snaky  monster,  coils  itself  round  him,  its  coils  ending  in  claws  like 
the  legs  of  a  monstrous  spider.  Behind  the  patient's  back,  in  the  middle 
of  the  room,  Fever,  a  furry  monster  with  burning  eyes,  resembling  an  ape, 
stands  full-face  with  outstretched  arms.  On  the  r.  the  doctor  sits  in  profile 
to  the  r.  at  a  small  table,  writing  a  prescription,  holding  up  a  medicine- 
bottle  in  his  1.  hand.  The  room  is  well  furnished  and  suggests  wealth: 
a  carved  four-post  bed  is  elaborately  draped.  On  the  high  chimney-piece 
are  chinoiseries  and  medicine-bottles.  Above  it  is  an  elaborately  framed 
landscape.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

^*  And  feel  by  turns  the  bitter  change  of  fierce  extremes f 
*' extremes  by  change  more  fierce. 

Milton. 

A  companion  print  to  No.  7449. 

Grego,  Rowlaiidson,  i.  226-7  (reproduction).   Reproduced,  Weber,  p.  70. 
i4jX2o|  in. 


7449  THE  HYPOCHONDRIAC. 

Designed  by  James  Dunthorne  Etch'd  by  T.  Rowlandson 

Pub,  as  the  Act  directs  March  i.  iy88  by  T.  Rowlandson.  N"  $0 
Poland  Street  J  Pantheon 

Aquatint.  The  patient  sits  in  an  armchair  in  profile  to  the  I.,  in  the  centre 
of  a  well-furnished  room.  He  wears  dressing-gown  and  nightcap,  his  arms 
are  folded  and  he  stares  fixedly,  assailed  by  ghostly  visions  which  float 
before  his  eyes,  emerging  from  smoke-like  shadows:  a  skeleton,  Death, 
poised  just  above  him,  raises  his  arrow  to  smite.  A  corpse-like  H.L.  figure 
offers  him  a  pistol  and  a  halter.  A  spectre  with  webbed  wings  holds  out 
a  cup.  Two  staring  and  decapitated  heads  glare  from  the  shadows  which 
fill  the  room.  A  hand  raises  a  sword ;  a  man  with  a  knife  is  about  to  be  stung 
by  a  serpent.  A  naked  body  (H.L.)  falls  head  downwards.  Above  these 
spectres  is  a  man  (1.)  driving  a  hearse  (r.  to  1.)  at  full  gallop  and  looking 
round  at  the  Hypochondriac.  Behind  the  patient  a  good-looking  woman 
speaks  confidentially  to  a  doctor  who  meditatively  sucks  his  cane.  He  is 
dressed  in  an  old-fashioned  manner,  wearing  a  tie-wig.  A  table  covered 
with  medicines  stands  behind  the  patient,  who  seems  unconscious  of  the 
other  two.  A  money-chest  beside  him  suggests  that  he  is  miserly.  Two 
landscapes  hang  on  the  wall.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

The  Mind  distempered — say^  what  potent  charmy 

Can  Fancy* s  spectre — brooding  rage  disarm? 

Physics  prescriptive^  art  assails  in  vain^ 

The  dreadful  phantoms  floating  *  cross  the  brain! 

Until  with  Esculapian  skilly  the  sage  M.D. 

Finds  out  at  length  by  self-taught  Palmistry ^ 

The  hopeless  case — in  the  reluctant  fee : 

Then,  not  in  torture  such  a  wretch  to  keep. 

One  pitying  bolus  lays  him  sound  a  sleep! 

A  companion  print  to  No.  7448. 
Reissued  by  Fores,  5  Nov.  1792. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  314-15.   Reproduced,  Weber,  p.  71. 
14JX21  in. 

562 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

7450  [BEDROOM  SCENE.]  [?c.  1788] 

H.  Wigstead  deV  et  fecit. 

Engraving.  No  title.  The  interior  of  an  inn-bedroom.  A  stout  man  leans 
from  a  four-post  bed  hung  with  curtains  to  grasp  the  petticoats  of  a  pretty 
chambermaid  with  a  warming-pan  and  lighted  candle.  A  bootjack  and 
other  objects  lie  on  the  ground,  a  great-coat  hangs  over  a  chair. 

The  etching  resembles  the  manner  of  Rowlandson. 
SJxSJin. 

7451  [A  DUPE.]  [?c.  1788] 

Designed  by  H.  Wigstead  [?  Rowlandson  f.] 

Engraving.  No  title.  The  interior  of  a  ramshackle  room  containing  a  half- 
tester  bed  (r.),  from  behind  the  curtains  of  which  a  burly  man  watches 
an  elderly  man  making  amorous  advances  to  a  pretty  young  woman  (1.) 
who  holds  a  purse  at  which  she  gazes  reflectively.  In  the  foreground  (1.) 
a  dog  and  cat  fight  across  an  overturned  stool.  A  print  of  the  [T]ower  of 
Babel  is  pinned  to  the  wall. 
8Jx8Jin. 

7452  THE  COUNTRY  CLUB. 

H.  Bunbury  Esq^  Delint  W.  Dickinson  Excudit, 

Londouy  Publish- d  June  26^^  1788,  by  W,  Dickinson  Engraver  AT**  1^8 
Bond  Street, 

Stipple.  The  interior  of  a  bare  and  plainly  furnished  room  in  a  country 
inn ;  a  number  of  middle-aged  and  plainly  dressed  men  stand  waiting  for 
dinner  to  be  served.  Through  a  door  in  the  back  wall  a  serving-boy  enters 
with  a  tureen,  followed  by  a  stout  woman  carrying  a  turkey,  who  is  followed 
by  a  man-servant.  A  man  (1.),  wearing  spurred  jack-boots,  stands  in  profile 
to  the  1.  to  hang  his  hat  on  a  peg.  He  faces  a  framed  notice:  Club  Law 
J*'  no  Journeyman  or  Apprentice  must  belong  to  this  society  2*^  No  Jokes 
in  this  society  but  practical  onesy  or  forfeit  3*^,  3^  Any  Gentleman  as  gives 
another  Gentleman  the  lie  before  strangers  to  forfeit  6^.  4*^  Any  Gentleman 
as  behaves  ungenteel  to  be  fined  3^  and  turned  out.  5'  All  fines  to  be  spent 
in  punch  W.C.  Secretary.  In  the  centre  two  men,  one  wearing  top-boots, 
the  other  in  quasi-military  dress,  face  each  other,  grinning.  A  third,  with 
a  pen  and  ink-horn  at  his  buttonhole,  tries  to  insinuate  himself  into  the 
conversation.  On  the  r.  a  stout  man  stands  at  a  table  before  a  punch-bowl 
and  a  sugar-basin :  his  hands  are  folded  and  his  eyes  closed  as  if  in  prayer. 
Beside  and  behind  him  a  man  with  a  bottle  of  Rum  in  one  hand  sniffs  at 
a  bottle  of  [Bra]ndy.  An  irate  man  (1.)  stands  at  the  end  of  the  table,  watch 
in  hand.  Above  the  door  a  picture  of  a  mounted  huntsman  hangs  askew. 
On  the  wall  are  (1.)  hats  and  sticks,  (r.)  a  map  of  the  world  in  two  hemi- 
spheres. Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  : 

Eamus 
Quo  ducit  Gula. 

Reissued  with  the  imprint :  London.  Published  5  March  1794  by  John 
Jeff  ryes  Ludgate  Hill. 

563 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

A  companion  print:  The  Village  Ale-House,  7  Apr.  1787,  is  idyllic  and 
sentimental,  not  satirical,  illustrating  (but  not  in  detail)  the  eight  lines  of 
Goldsmith's  Deserted  Village  beginning : 

No  more  the  Farmer's  News,  the  Barber's  Tale, 
No  more  the  Woodman's  ballad  shall  prevail. 
i3|Xi8iin. 

7452  a  the  COUNTRY-CLUB; 

H  Bunhury  Esq^  Dele  Lambeth 

A  copy  (coloured  impression)  reversed,  and  feebly  drawn. 
SigX  12  J  in.  *  Caricatures',  viii.  105. 

7453  A  LADY  AT  A  CARD  PARTY  WHO  DOES  NOT  PLAY 

Pub  22  May  iy88  by  H  Humprey  N  51  New  Bond  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).    The  head  of  a  lady 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  yawning  violently.  A  mob-cap  perched  on  her  hair  has 
long  lappets  which  fall  on  her  shoulders. 
Sjxaifin.  (pi.). 

7454  THE  MAUSOLEUM,  OR  THE  FOXHUNTER  FOXT. 

Tally  0  et  Aqua  Tinta  ini^  et  fecit. 

Aquatint.  A  burlesque  tomb  supported  on  scrolls  which  enclose  a  minia- 
ture landscape  with  a  fox-hunter  and  dogs  chasing  a  fox.  On  the  apex  of 
the  tomb  is  a  bust  portrait  of  the  fox-hunter,  wearing  a  hunting-cap.  This 
is  enclosed  in  a  circle  of  rope  held  by  a  Devil  who  bestrides  the  circle, 
looking  down  fiercely,  a  scroll  inscribed  Hoo  woup  issuing  from  his  mouth, 
his  attitude  suggesting  that  he  is  about  to  fly  off  with  the  portrait ;  the  two 
ends  of  the  rope  terminate  in  serpents'  heads.  The  Devil  stands  on  a 
carved  block  on  which  are  realistic  emblems  of  fox-hunting :  a  fox's  head 
between  two  hounds  on  their  hind-legs.  Below  are  a  saddle,  horn,  sieve,  &c. 
Beneath  this  carved  block  is  an  inscription  on  a  rectangular  block  which 
forms  the  base  of  the  monument : 

Hound  &  Horse  the  chief  Glory  ^  the  Turf  the  chief  Toasty 

And  the  Chace  all  the  knowledge  Squire  Botch-barn  could  boast; 

He  lay  down  with  his  Maid,  &  arose  with  the  Lark, 

Hey  to  cover  when  Light,  hey  to  Bett  in  the  dark; 

Thro"  Dells  &  thro'  Dales,  over  Hills  &  high  Rocks, 

Gate,  Wall,  Hedge  &  Ditch,  he  pursued  the  stout  Fox; 

At  length  as  the  Wheel  of  Dame  Fortune  roWd  round. 

Was  himself  hunted  here,  by  grim  Death,  &  took  Ground; 

Here  Envy  resides  not,  to  goad  the  proud  breast. 

And  here  for  the  first  time  his  bosom  found  rest; 

Howl  Finder  &  Fairmaid,  weep  Dog,  Lad  &  Wh — re^ 

For  alas!  poor  old  Botch,  your  best  Friend  is  no  more. 

Beneath  the  landscape  is  engraved  : 

Hicjacet;  hie  placet; 
Cur-quaeris?-hic  tacet, 

564 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  788 

On  each  side  of  the  tomb,  in  the  postion  of  heraldic  supporters,  are  (1.), 
dexter,  a  stable-boy  and  (r.)  a  pregnant  woman,  both  weeping,  the  Lad  and 
Whore  of  the  inscription. 
i8|x  12J  in.  (clipped). 

7455  THE  VAUXHALL  DISASTER 

Published  by  I.  WalliSy  Ludgate  Street^  London^  and  I.  Binns,  Leeds, 
July,  2&^  1787. 

Engraving.  Design  in  a  circle.  Heading  to  verses  engraved  in  three  columns : 
Tune.  The  Sun  was  in  the  Firmament.  A  'City  Pair'  returning  from  Vaux- 
hall  struggle  in  the  water;  she  is  held  up  by  her  'Cork  rump',  cf.  No. 
5383,  he  appears  about  to  sink.  The  waterman  clings  to  the  boat.  In  the 
background  are  Westminster  bridge  (1.)  and  the  houses  of  the  Surrey  shore 
(r.).  A  full  moon  is  in  the  sky. 

A  satire  on  the  extended  petticoats  which  became  fashionable  in  1786. 
See  No.  7099  &c. 

Diam.  8J  in.  PI.  14!  X9f  in.  Banks  Coll.  vii.  No.  40.   B.M.L.  1890.  e.  21. 

7456-7472 

Plates  in  Grose's  Rules  for  drawing  Caricaturas,  1788.  Some  were 
probably  etched  at  an  earlier  date.  A  copy  of  the  2nd  edition  (1796)  is  in 
the  Print  Room. 

7456  RULES  FOR  DRAWING  CARICATURAS  PL.  III. 

[Grose.] 

Pub:  2&^  Feby  iy88  by  S.  Hooper, 

Engraving.   Two  caricature  heads  face  each  other  in  profile.   Above  are 
three  diagrams  of  a  full  face  showing  eyes  placed  at  different  angles. 
Plates  I  and  II  are  diagrams  of  grotesque  profiles  and  features. 
3jx6in. 

7457  PLATE  IV. 
[Grose.] 

Pub:  2&^  Feby  iy88  by  S.  Hooper, 

Engraving.   Two  rows  of  caricature  heads,  illustrating  various  grotesque 
features  and  profiles.   They  are  arranged  in  two  rows  divided  by  a  line, 
seven  heads  above  and  eight  below.   Two  only  are  heads  of  women.   Cf. 
Nos.  8199-201. 
4jx6iin. 

7458  CITY  MALITIA  MARCHING. 
F.  Grose  del:  et  sculp. 

Engraving.  A  very  obese  officer  wearing  a  gorget  and  scarf  marches  stiffly 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  followed  by  six  very  unsoldierly  men  who  carry  muskets 
and  wear  high  caps  and  swords.  His  dress,  with  small  laced  hat  and  long 
laced  waistcoat,  resembles  that  of  the  60 's.   Cf.  Nos.  7612,  7613. 
4-|x6Jin.  (pi.). 

565 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

THE  ANTIQUARIAN  MASTIFF 
[Dr.  Lort.]  See  No.  5757. 

7459  [NO  TITLE.] 
F  Grose  del:  et  sculp: 

Engraving.  A  short  stout  man  (1.)  stands  on  tip-toes  to  take  by  the 
shoulders  a  maidservant  vs^ith  a  broom  whom  he  is  about  to  kiss.  His  wife 
opens  a  door  (1.)  and  sees  the  embrace  with  angry  horror.  On  the  wall 
above  his  head  is  a  pair  of  stag's  antlers ;  next  it,  and  above  his  coat  and 
hat  which  hang  from  a  peg,  is  a  print  of  a  man  standing  between  two  lions, 
as  in  the  picture  in  The  City  Routy  No.  5372. 
5X35  in. 

7460  THE  CONTRAST. 
F,  Grose  del:  et  sculp: 

Engraving.  A  thin  man,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  the  tips  of  his  fingers 
together,  faces  a  short  stout  woman,  wearing  a  feathered  hat  and  riding- 
dress.  She  stands  full-face,  holding  a  riding-switch,  and  looking  up  at  him. 
He  wears  a  small  three-cornered  hat,  long  thin  pigtail,  and  coat  with  huge 
cuffs. 
6isX4Ain. 

7461  AN  ANTIQUARIAN  CLUB. 

F.  Grose  del:  et  sculp 

Engraving.  Four  elderly  men  sit  and  stand  round  a  small  circular  table 
on  which  are  glasses,  a  bottle,  a  paper  of  tobacco.  A  man  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  reading  a  (?)  catalogue  through  an  eye-glass,  resembles  Dr.  Bragge,  see 
Nos.  4579,  4685,  &c.  A  man  leaning  his  elbow  on  the  back  of  Bragge 's 
chair  resembles  Dr.  Lort,  see  No.  5757. 

5ftX3iin.  (pi.). 

7462  ANTIQUARIAN  DOCTORS  IN  A  BROWN  STUDY 

F,  Grose  del  et  sculp: 

Engraving.  Three  elderly  antiquarians  stand  together;  one,  lean  and  knock- 
kneed,  reads  a  catalogue  through  spectacles.  Another,  very  stout  and  in 
back  view,  faces  him,  bending  to  the  1.  The  third  (r.)  stands  erect  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  his  hands  behind  his  back. 

5iX3|in.  (pi.). 

7463  LAW  &  PHYSIC 
F,  Grose  del:  et  sculp. 

Engraving.  A  stout  doctor  (r.),  his  hands  in  a  muff,  stands  full-face,  looking 
down  at  a  lean  lawyer  (1.)  who  sits  in  a  high-backed  chair,  his  legs  crossed, 
talking  to  the  other,  putting  his  fingers  on  his  muff  to  emphasize  his  words. 
The  doctor  with  the  muff  is  perhaps  intended  for  Sir  William  Browne, 
M.D.  (1692-1774),  see  Nos.  4833,  4979,  and  D.N.B. 
4iiX34in. 

566 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES     I  788 

7464  [MAN  AND  HORSE.] 
F.  Grose  del:  et  sculp 

Engraving.  No  title.  A  very  short  fat  man  (r.)  raises  his  leg  in  an  attempt 
to  reach  the  stirrup  of  a  tall  horse ;  his  r.  hand  is  on  the  saddle.  The  horse 
looks  round  with  a  meaning  expression  at  the  man,  who  returns  the  look 
with  one  of  suspicion.  A  groom  stands  at  the  horse's  head  (r.).  Behind 
are  outbuildings.  The  man  is  perhaps  intended  for  Grose. 
5iiX4Ain. 

7465  [NO  TITLE.]    ; 

[Grose.] 

Engraving.  An  elderly  woman  sits  in  a  high-backed  chair  asleep,  her  hands 
clasped;  her  book  has  fallen  to  the  ground.  Beside  her  (1.)  is  a  table  with 
a  bottle  and  glass.    Behind  the  chair  a  man  embraces  a  young  woman 
who  puts  her  finger  to  her  lips  to  enjoin  silence. 
5X3Ain. 

7466  PHYSICAL  ANTIQUARIAN. 
F.  Grose  del  et  sculp 

Engraving.  Caricature  portrait  (W.L.)  of  an  elderly  doctor  directed  to  the 
1. ;  his  r.  hand  is  on  his  cane,  his  hat  is  under  his  1.  arm ;  he  holds  a  glove. 
5X3jin.  (pL). 

7467  A  FAT  &  LEAN  ANTIQUARIAN. 
F,  Grose  del:  et  sculp: 

Engraving.  A  thin  man  (I.)  stands  stiffly  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  head  thrown 
back,  chapeaU'braSy  and  holding  a  muff.  A  very  stout  man  (r.)  stands  full- 
face,  his  hands  behind  his  back,  looking  up  quizzically. 
6fX4f  in. 

7468  MARK  ANTONY  &  CLEOPATRA. 
F.  Grose  del  et  sculp 

Engraving.  An  elderly  actor  and  actress  in  tragic  attitudes :  Cleopatra  (1.), 
very  stout  with  wide  hooped  petticoats,  stands  full-face,  r.  arm  extended 
holding  a  handkerchief  to  her  face.  Antony  (r. )  bends  towards  her,  his  r.  hand 
on  his  breast,  the  staff  of  a  commander  in  his  1.  hand.  He  wears  a  feathered 
helmet,  a  large  wig,  laced  coat,  and  long  flapped  waistcoat,  with  buskins. 
4|x6iiin. 

7469  THE  ANTIQUARIANS  PUZZLED 
F  Grose  del  et  sculp 

Engraving.  One  antiquarian  sits  at  a  table,  pen  in  hand,  six  others  bend 
over  him;  he  looks  up  inquiringly  to  one  on  the  r.,  pointing  to  a  man  on 
the  1.    They  appear  to  be  discussing  the  composition  of  a  report.   The 
figures  are  H.L.  and  probably  portraits, 
six  411  in. 

567 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7470  AN  ANTIQUARIAN  PRESIDENT. 

F.  Grose  del:  et  sculp. 

Engraving.  A  very  stout  man  with  a  pear-shaped  head  sits  full-face  in  an 
armchair,  looking  at  the  spectator.  His  r.  hand  is  raised  as  if  addressing 
an  audience.  Perhaps  Jeremiah  Milles,  president  of  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries  1768-84.   Cf.  No.  5160. 

4TsX3iin.  (pL). 

7471  CONNOISSEURS. 

F.  Grose  del:  et  sculp. 

Engraving.   Three  elderly  men  stand  together  inspecting  a  medal.   Two 
face  each  other  in  profile,  the  third  who  stands  between  and  behind  them 
is  a  parson  in  gown  and  bands. 
5X3!  in.  (pi.). 

7472  CAPTAIN  GROSE'S  VISITING  CARD  WITH  HIS  STICK 
CUDDY. 

[Grose.] 

Engraving.  A  short  broad  man  wearing  a  hat  and  spatterdashes  stands  in 
back  view,  his  r.  hand  on  a  walking-stick.  Across  his  back  is  etched : 

Capriccifatti  per 
3X2ftin.  (pL). 

ANTIQUARIANS,  PEEPING  INTO  BOADICIA'S  NIGHT  URN. 

See  No.  4773. 

7473  TRAGEDY  BURLESQUED,   OR  THE  BARBER  TURNED 
ACTOR. 

588  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  <Sf  Carver,  N'  69  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  c.  1788]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  barber's  shop.  The 
barber,  ranting  and  gesticulating  wildly,  holds  up  the  open  tragedy  of 
Alexander  the  Great\  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  pair  of  tongs.  His  hair  hangs 
loose  and  on  his  head  is  his  barber's  basin.  He  is  fashionably  dressed,  but 
wears  an  apron,  which,  blowing  aside  in  his  violent  action,  displays  a  large 
hole  in  his  breeches.  A  stool,  jug,  &c.,  have  been  overturned,  hair-pins  lie 
on  the  ground,  a  cat  flees  in  alarm.  His  little  apprentice  (1.),  holding  a  wig 
and  a  tress  of  hair,  looks  on  with  amusement,  as  do  a  man  and  woman  (r.) 
who  look  over  a  flight  of  stairs  which  ascends  from  the  room. 

The  room  is  a  poor  one,  with  plaster  coming  from  the  wall,  a  broken 
candle  on  the  chimney-piece,  over  which  is  a  torn  print  of  a  tragedy-king 
reclining  on  a  couch.   Two  wig-boxes  stand  on  the  floor,  one  inscribed 
Tragedy  Wigs,  the  other  Comedy  Wigs. 
i2|X9|in.  *  Caricatures ',  i.  201. 


568 


1789 

POLITICAL  SATIRES 

7474  STATE  BUTCHERS.  [?  Dec.  1788  or  Jan.  1789] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  lies  on  his  back 
on  an  operating-table  (cf.  No.  7512),  wearing  his  feathers  as  a  coronet. 
Members  of  the  Ministry  holding  knives  surround  the  Prince;  their 
operations  are  directed  by  Pitt,  v^^ho  is  seated  in  a  throne-like  chair  raised 
above  the  others.  He  points  with  a  long  wand  at  the  Prince's  star,  saying 
to  Dundas,  The  good  Qualities  of  his  heart  will  certainly  ruin  our  plan  there- 
fore cut  that  out  first.  Dundas  holds  a  knife,  looking  up  at  Pitt,  as  if  to 
read  a  paper  which  he  holds  out :  Thanks  from  the  City  of  London  with 
£50,000.  Next  Dundas,  and  at  Pitt's  feet,  sits  Sydney,  holding  a  knife, 
and  looking  ferociously  at  the  Prince.  In  an  armchair  by  the  Prince's  feet 
sits  Grafton,  staring  fiercely  at  the  Prince,  and  holding  a  knife  in  each  hand. 
His  1.  foot  rests  on  a  basket  containing  surgeon's  tools ;  a  pair  of  shears  and 
a  saw  lie  beside  it.  Beside  Grafton  and  on  the  extreme  1.  stands  Richmond, 
also  glaring  fiercely  at  the  Prince;  he  holds  a  headsman's  axe.  At  the 
Prince's  head,  seated  with  folded  arms  and  closed  or  lowered  eyes  is 
Thurlow  (r.),  his  position  indicative  of  his  temporizing  attitude,  see  No. 
7377.  The  Prince's  1.  arm  droops  over  blank  papers,  which  appear  to  be 
intended  for  some  inscription. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  The 
London  bankers,  &c.,  proposed  to  offer  Pitt  £50,000  on  his  going  out  of 
office.  Letterof  Young  to  Buckingham,  23  Dec.  1788.  Courts  and  Cabinets 
of  George  III,  ii.  74.  The  enthusiasm  was  so  great  that  the  sum  was 
doubled  within  forty-eight  hours  (Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt,  i.  332);  this 
print,  therefore,  may  have  been  withheld  from  publication  on  news  of  the 
doubled  subscription  and  its  refusal.  Cf.  No.  7392. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  245-6. 
9|Xi4iin. 

7475  THE  PITT  FALL  [?  Jan.  1789] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  and  his  followers  are  in  wild  pursuit 
of  the  crown  which  soars  on  widespread  wings  in  the  upper  r.  corner  of 
the  design.  Pitt,  reaching  up  to  it,  is  about  to  fall  over  a  cliff  into  the  pit 
of  hell,  from  which  flames  and  smoke  are  rising.  He  says,  /'//  have  thee  or 
perish  in  the  attempt,  for  my  ambition  knows  no  bounds.  Richmond  falls 
head  first  into  the  pit,  saying  to  two  demons  who  wait  for  him  with  extended 
pitchforks.  Spare  me  this  time  and  you  shall  have  Coals  in  future  without 
duty  (an  allusion  to  the  'Richmond  shilling').  One  answers,  All  your  Great 
grandfather's  [Charles  II's]  Whores  are  waiting  dinner  for  you.  Immediately 
behind  Pitt  runs  Thurlow,  his  wig  falling  from  his  head;  he  raises  the 
mace  in  both  hands  to  strike  at  the  flying  crown,  saying,  Bl — st  my  eyes 
ril  have  a  knock  at  it  (cf.  No.  7320).   Behind  him,  and  on  the  extreme  1., 

569 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Grafton  runs  forward,  saying,  Junius  has  lamed  mey  or  Fd  have  a  knock  at 
it  too.  The  demon  who  awaits  Pitt  says,  You  will  be  elected  Regent  in  our 
Dominions^  Nem-con, 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis  (see  No.  7377,  &c.)  in  which 
Pitt  is  depicted  as  aiming  at  the  crown,  cf.  No.  7382,  &c.  For  Junius  and 
Grafton  see  Nos.  4233,  4292;  for  the  Richmond  shiUing,  Nos.  7389,  7393. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  243-4. 

tie 

7476  THE  VEIL  BEING  REMOVED;  IN  HIS  TRUE  COLOURS, 
APPEARS  THE  PRETENDED  MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE:  ALIAS 
THE  WORD-EATING  MONSTER  FROM  BOLOGNA! 

London^  Pu¥  Janv  lySg^  by  a  Lover  of  his  King  and  Country, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt  (T.Q.L.)  stands 
drawing  aside  a  curtain  to  show  Fox  (r.)  seated  at  a  table;  he  says  Ecce 
Monstrum!    Fox  dines  off  portions  of  a  document,  saying:  Oh!    These 

D n'd  Words!  They  are  worse  to  Swallow  and  Digest  than  a  Bologna 

Sausage  [cf.  No.  7381]:  and  as  the  English  are  very  Squeamish.  I  am  afraid 
they  will  choak  my  Popularity.  He  holds  a  knife  and  fork ;  on  the  fork  he 
holds  up  the  first  part  of  the  document :  /  say  the  Prince  of  Wales  [the  rest 
lies  on  the  table]  has  a  Right  to  assume  the  Government  Without  the  Consent 
of  either  Parliament  or  People  &c,  Pitt  holds  out  a  corresponding  docu- 
ment :  /  sayy  the  Prince  of  Wales  has  no  more  right  to  assume  the  Government 
without  the  Consent  of  the  Parliament  who  represent  the  People,  than  any 
other  Person  &c. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.    Fox 
endeavours  to  destroy  the  effect  of  his  speech  on  10  Dec,  see  No.  7381. 
For  Fox  as  Word-eater  see  No.  7390,  &c. 
8ix8|in. 

7477  THE  BATTLE  OF  ST  STEPHEN'S 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  Will""  Holland  N<'  50.  Oxford  S^  Janv  1789. 

Engraving.  A  confused  contest  between  the  Ministry  and  the  Opposition 
over  the  claims  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  to  be  regent  without  restrictions. 
On  the  1.  Pitt  falls  back  into  the  arms  of  Topham,  wounded  by  a  blunder- 
buss inscribed  Indefeasible  Right,  which  is  fired  point-blank  by  Fox,  whose 
r.  foot  is  planted  on  a  copy  of  The  World,  Topham 's  paper,  cf.  No.  7210,  &c. 
Pitt  holds,  but  does  not  use,  a  blunderbuss  inscribed  Precedent ;  he  says : 
A  Plague  of  both  the  Houses;  I  have  lost  all  my  influence  then!  Topham 
holds  out  to  him  a  small  phial  labelled  Pujf  Drops,  saying.  Retire  Dear  Sir 
with  this  best  Consolation:  the  post  of  Honor  is  a  private  Station.  Behind 
them  is  the  wall  of  the  [Tr]esury  with  an  open  window  in  which  are  two 
men  (H.L.),  one  (1.)  being  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  in  regimentals,  with  a 
bag  inscribed  5  years  Salary,  the  other  Lord  Hawkesbury.  They  look 
with  dismay  at  Sheridan  who  is  about  to  climb  in  at  the  window,  supported 
on  the  shoulder  of  Burke  (r.)  and  on  the  1.  hand  of  ( ?)  Lord  Derby.  Burke 
says :  Make  haste  in,  my  dear  Sherry  and  turn  out  Uncle  Toby  [cf.  No.  6921] 
and  that  Fool  of  Power  Hawk y.  Derby  adds,  &  Pray  secure  something  good 

570 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1789 

for  me.  Sheridan,  who  is  in  back  view,  answers,  Vll  do  my  best^  for  the  man 
who  dares  not  venture  in  a  good  cause  deserves  not  the  Countenance  of  good  Men, 

On  the  r.  Macnamara  sits  on  the  ground,  supporting  himself  on  his  1. 
hand,  and  holding  out  his  r.  to  ward  off  the  uplifted  sabre  of  George 

Hanger,  who  plants  one  foot  on  him,  saying,  Damn  me  Mac if  you 

escape  me  with  a  wound  in  the  wrist.  The  other  answers,  Strike  and  be 
Damn'd  [see  No.  7371].  Behind  Hanger  and  on  the  r.,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert 
advances  with  a  large  banner  bearing  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  and 
motto,  Ich  dien;  she  turns  to  Dundas,  who  walks  beside  her,  saying.  You 
had  better  Change  sides  Sawney,  Dundas  answers,  Troth  Sawney  is  for  any 
side  that's  uppermost. 

In  the  centre  of  the  design  and  behind  the  other  combatants,  Thurlow 
(1.)  and  Loughborough  (r.)  both  grasp  at  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal.  The 
former,  clenching  his  fist,  says,  Damn  my  Blood  L — b — g — h  if  you  shall 
have  it.  Pepper  Arden,  who  stands  behind  and  between  them,  says.  Now 
NoWy  old  Grum,  you  shall  be  Peppered  for  your  kindness  to  me  (cf.  No. 
7334,  &c.).  In  the  background  a  mountain  is  indicated,  above  which  is  a 
Rising  Sony  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  within  its  disc. 

Below  the  design  is  a  small  escutcheon  on  which  is  a  tie-wig,  the  sup- 
porters are :  dexter,  a  fox,  and  sinister,  Liberty  with  cap  and  staff.  The 
motto  is  Honor  et  Libertas.  The  crest  is  a  cornucopia  and  ( ?)  olive-branch. 
This  divides  the  title  from  the  words :  dedicated  to  the  whig  club. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &:c.  Pitt  moved, 
10  Dec.  1788,  for  a  committee  to  inquire  into  precedents  of  proceedings 
during  any  interruptions  of  the  royal  authority.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  716; 
see  No.  7492.  Fox's  claim  of  the  Prince's  'Indefeasible  Right'  was  dis- 
astrous not  to  Pitt  but  to  himself,  see  No.  7381,  &c.  Sheridan's  position 
indicates  both  his  prominence  in  the  negotiations  and  his  poverty.  The 
claims  of  Loughborough  to  the  Chancellorship  probably  caused  Thurlow 's 
withdrawal  from  his  secret  negotiations  with  the  Prince,  cf.  No.  7377 ;  his 
use  of  oaths  was  notorious,  see  No.  7320.  Richmond,  Hawkesbury,  and 
Dundas  were  the  most  unpopular  of  the  Pittites.  For  Topham  as  ministerial 
journalist  see  No.  7369. 
9*  X  Hi  in.  (pi.). 

7478  THE  VULTURE  OF  THE  CONSTITUTION. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Jany  3^  lySg.  by  H.  Humphrey  New  Bond  5' 

Aquatint.  A  vulture  with  the  head  of  Pitt  (in  profile  to  the  1.)  grasps  in  the 
1.  claw  the  Crown  and  sceptre,  in  the  other  (outstretched)  the  coronet  of 
the  Prince  of  Wales ;  the  latter  he  crushes  under  the  weight  of  his  powerful 
talons,  while  he  bites  at  the  Prince's  feathers,  one  of  which  he  has  already 
plucked  out.  The  gorged  bird's  bulging  breast  is  inscribed  Treasury 'y 
under  the  crown  lies  Magna  Charta,  torn.  The  spread  of  the  creature's 
wings  and  the  stretch  of  its  long  neck  towards  the  feathers  give  an  impres- 
sion of  savage  rapacity. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  For 
similar  allegations  against  Pitt,  cf.  Nos.  7382,  7546,  7936. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.   107  (small  copy).    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  41. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 
8JXi2|in. 

571 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 
7479  THE  MODERN  EGBERT,  OR  THE  KING  OF  KINGS. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  by  Charles  Bronwn  [sic]  Strand  Jany  8.  ijSg. 

Engraving.  Pitt  as  the  modern  Egbert  (king  of  the  West  Saxons,  d.  839) 
is  rowed  by  four  kings,  and  tows  behind  him  a  small  boat  in  which  the 
Prince  of  Wales  is  seated,  his  wrists  and  ankles  chained.  Pitt,  who  steers, 
is  seated  high  in  the  stern  of  the  Treasury  Barge,  he  wears  a  combined 
coronet  and  mitre,  and  says  to  his  four  oarsmen,  Pull  together  Boys.  They 
are  Thurlow  (stroke),  Buckingham,  Dundas,  and  Richmond  (bow).  All 
wear  crowns  on  their  heads  and  badges  like  those  of  watermen  on  their 
sleeves.  Thurlow,  stripped  to  the  waist,  his  badge  a  rose,  says.  Damme! 
Fve  got  precedence  of  the  Young  Lion ;  he  rows  with  the  Chancellor's  mace. 
Buckingham  (Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland),  an  Irish  harp  on  his  coat- 
sleeve,  rows  with  a  shillelagh,  saying,  Fll  answer  for  the  Shelalagh  without 
Authority.  Dundas,  wearing  a  thistle  badge,  rows  with  a  long  spoon, 
saying.  He  shall  re?nember  old  Nemo  impune.  Richmond,  wearing  a  fleur-de- 
lis  badge  (he  was  due  d'Aubigny),  rows  with  a  cannon  (emblem  of  the 
ordnance,  cf.  No.  6921,  &c.),  saying,  We'll  shew  him  Gallic  Faith.  They 
row  on  one  side  of  the  boat  only.  A  large  flag  in  the  stern  of  Pitt's  boat  has 
his  crest  (reversed),  a  stork  grasping  an  anchor,  with  the  motto :  Devil  take 
the  Right  P.W.  [Prince  William].  The  Prince  wears  a  coronet  with  three 
feathers;  he  says,  I  feel  not  for  myself  but  for  my  country.  His  boat  flies  a 
flag  with  Pitt's  crest  above  a  flag  with  the  royal  arms.  In  the  background 
is  the  river  bank  with  trees,  a  church  (the  House  of  Commons)  flying  a 
(blank)  flag  (r.),  and  (1.)  the  dome  of  St.  Paul's. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.,  in  which 
Pitt  is  represented  as  asserting  royal  authority,  see  No.  7382,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  i.  243. 
8iXi3|in. 

7479  A  Another  impression  (coloured)  with  slight  additions :  S^  Stephens 
is  etched  on  the  flag  flying  from  the  church  tower  on  the  river  bank ;  the 
combined  crosses  of  the  Union  Jack  are  superimposed  on  the  royal  arms 
of  the  Prince's  flag. 

7480  BILLY'S  BLOSSOMS. 
[Dent.] 

Pub  by  [erased^]  Jany  8^^  1789  Sold  by  W  Moore  Oxford  Street 

Engraving.  Pitt  stands  erect,  each  hand  in  a  large  sack  full  of  coins  which 
leans  against  him.  From  his  head  extend  branches  covered  with  large 
flowers  which  fill  more  than  half  the  design.  A  blast  inscribed  Vox  Populi 
is  directed  at  them  causing  their  leaves  to  flutter  to  the  ground.  The 
stomach  of  Pitt,  who  is  very  thin,  is  inscribed  Poverty ;  the  sacks  are  (1.) 
Fruit  for  Family  Use  and  (r.)  Fruity  60,000  Annual.  The  branches  are 
inscribed  Pride,  Presumption,  Obstinacy,  and  Petulance.  The  flowers  are: 
Fortifications  (No.  6921,  &c.).  Tax  on  Maids  (No.  6794,  &c.).  Tax  on 
Farmers  (cf.  No.  6672),  Coalition  zvith  Dundas,  Manchester  Fustian  Duty, 
Stamp  Duties  (No.  6914,  &c.).  Tax  on  Windows,  Commutation  (No.  6634, 
'  Apparently  *W.  Dent*. 

573 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1789 

&c.),  Test  Act  (cf.  No.  7628,  &c.),  French  Treaty  (a  fleur-de-lis)  (No. 
6995,  &c.),  Irish  Propositions  (No.  6785,  &c.),  Standing  Army,  Four  Regi- 
ments y  Declaratory  Bill  (No.  7280,  &c.),  A  Landman  First  Lord  Building  at 
the  Admiralty  (Chatham  had  succeeded  Howe,  cf.  No.  7482),  Shop  Tax  (No. 
6798,  &c.),  Reform  neglected  (No.  6478,  &c.),  Scrutiny  (No.  6553,  &c.),  Excise 
LaWy  Peerage  (No.  6631,  &c.),  Dissolution  (No.  6476,  &c.),  Flag  Promotion 
(No.  7126,  &c.),  Regency  (No.  7382,  &c.),  Patronage,  India  Controul  (No. 
7152,  &c.).  Some  of  the  flowers  have  formed  fruit,  some  of  which  has 
fallen  to  the  ground:  Pension,  with  leaves  inscribed  Watson's  Windfall 
(No.  ^6965,  &c.),  and  Pension,  the  leaves  inscribed  Carleton's  Windfall 
(ibid.).  Other  fruit  on  the  ground  is  Sinecures,  Gratuities,  and  12,000. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched  Addressed  to  the  Addressers. 

A  catalogue  of  the  ways  in  which  Pitt  was  supposed  to  have  incurred 
unpopularity,  the  Regency  question  (see  No.  7377,  &c.)  taking  a  signifi- 
cantly obscure  position. 

At  this  time  addresses  to  Pitt  thanking  him  for  supporting  the  right  of 
Parliament  in  the  establishment  of  a  regency  were  pouring  in  (e.g.  Glasgow 
24  Dec,  Leicester  i  Jan.,  Southampton  and  Maidstone  3  Jan.  London 
Chronicle,  and  the  Common  Council,  Sharpe,  London  and  the  Kingdom, 
iii.  213-15).  See  Nos.  7392, 7482, 7483, 7488,  7489,  7495.  Pitt's  popularity 
was  undoubted,  'the  general  run  of  the  country  being  strongly  with  M"" 
Pitt  .  .  .'.  Auckland  Correspondetwe,  ii.  267. 
9jx6|in. 

7481  BILLY  THE  BAMBOOZLER  ROBBING  THE  COBLER. 

The  portrait  of  him  taken  just  before  he  was  turnd  off. 
Publish' d  January  g^^  lySg  by  H.  Humphries  New  Bond  Street 
London 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt  in  the  guise  of  a 
robber  who  is  about  to  be  hanged.  He  aims  a  pistol  at  the  head  of  a  cob- 
bler, saying.  You  Rascall,  You  keep  a  Shop,  and  shall  pay  for  it.  The 
cobbler,  kneeling  hat  in  hand,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  says.  Lord  Sir,  mines  only 
a  Stall,  Have  mercy  on  my  Wife  &  Family.  Part  of  his  bulk  or  stall  appears 
behind  him  (r.).  Behind  Pitt  (1.)  Richmond  kneels  on  the  ground,  holding 
out  his  cocked  hat  for  the  coins  which  the  former  drops  into  it ;  he  points  to 
houses  of  playing-cards  which  are  round  him  on  the  ground  and  represent 
his  scheme  of  fortifications,  see  No.  6921,  &c.  In  the  background  is  a 
gibbet  from  which  hang  two  nooses  inscribed  : 

With  all  Honest  Men,  tis  a  thorough  Belief, 
The  Receiver  is  almost  as  bad  as  the  Thief. 

Beneath  the  design  is  engraved  (in  the  manner  of  the  accounts  published 
by  the  Ordinary  of  Newgate) : 

Some  account  of  the  Life  and  Behaviour  of  William  Pett^  alias  Billy  the 
Bamboozler. 

Will^  Pett  was  born  of  honest  parents  who  gave  him  a  good  education  & 
got  him  young  into  place,  but  being  early  prone  to  lying  and  other  vicious  habits 
(altho'  [un]like  most  other  rogues  he  was  not  addicted  to  bad  women)  he 
inveigled  a  number  of  idle  boys  away  from  their  Books  &  encouraged  them  to 
live  like  himself  from  the  Public  After  supporting  himself  &  one  Duke  who 

^  Pitt  was  called  'M"^  Pett'  at  this  time.  Auckland  Corr.  iv.  279.  Cf.  No.  7393. 

573 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

made  playthings  for  him,  by  robbing  the  Shopkeepers  &  chiefly  the  poorer 
sort y  for  some  time,  he  was  at  last  convicted  of  stealing  Half  a  Crown  from 
George  Prince  for  which  he  sufferd  This  Notorious  Culprit  was  one  of  the 
daring  Gang  concerned  in  the  Affair  of  the  Great  Seal 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  Pitt  is 
attacked  for  the  very  unpopular  shop-tax  (No.  6798,  &c.)  repealed  in  1789, 
and  for  his  support  of  Richmond's  fortification  scheme,  see  No.  6921,  &c. 
The  'Affair  of  the  Great  Seal',  if  political,  was  a  Whig  exploit,  see  No. 
6467,  &c.  By  the  same  artist  as  No.  7392,  &c.,  all  accusing  him  of  trying  to 
rob  the  Prince  of  Wales  of  his  crown. 
I2|-Xi3|in. 

7482  THE  PROPAGATION  OF  A  TRUTH.  1789. 

H.W.  [Wigstead]  inz^.   [Rowlandson  f.] 

London  Pu¥  Jany  12:  lySg  by  Holland  Oxford  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  strip  design  in  imitation  of  No.  7230. 
The  names  of  the  characters  are  etched  beneath  them,  the  words  spoken 

above  their  heads.   R e  (Rose)  rushes  forward,  in  alarm,  exclaiming 

The  People  refuse  to  address  to  T — / — w  (Thurlow)  who  answers  Bl — st 
their  Eyes  (cf.  No.  7320).  P — tt  leans  anxiously  towards  Thurlow,  saying, 

then  I  am  done  over.  S y  (Sydney),  his  back  to  Pitt,  addresses  D Sy 

saying,  it  is  all  dickey  with  me.  Dundas,  stamping  with  rage,  answers,  /'// 

gang  to  my  awn  country  and  sell  Butter  &  Brimstone.  R d  (Richmond), 

standing  beside  a  cannon  (cf.  No.  6921,  &c.),  puts  his  finger  to  his  nose, 

saying,  /  begin  to  smell  Powder.    He  speaks  to  G n  (Grafton)  who 

answers,  /  begin  to  stink  damnably.  C — t — m  (Chatham),  a  small  man-of- 
war  under  each  arm,  leans  in  profile  to  the  r.,  saying,  /  thought  myself  snug 
(he  succeeded  Howe  as  First  Lord  in  Sept.  1788,  cf.  No.  7480).  C — m — n 
(Camden)  stands  full-face,  his  hands  in  his  old-fashioned  coat-pockets, 

saying,  /  should  have  known  better.    B k  W n  (Brook  Watson), 

flourishing  his  wooden  leg,  says  to  Camden,  /  cannot  Brook  this  Pll  hop  off. 
G — n — e  (Grenville)  holds  up  his  Speaker's  wig,  saying,  /  shall  lose  my  new 

Wig  (he  was  elected  Speaker  on  5  Jan.).  W es  (Wilkes),  holding  his  chin 

reflectively  and  squinting  violently,  says,  I  can  look  either  way.  C — m — n 
(Carmarthen)  holds  up  both  arms,  saying,  Fve  been  in  Anguish  all  night. 

The  Propagation  of  a  Lie  (cf.  No.  7230)  would  have  been  a  more  accurate 
caption  for  this  print,  cf.  No.  7480,  but  the  allegation  that  the  addresses 
were  procured  by  the  Treasury  (through  Rose)  was  damaging;  see  No. 
7480,  &c. 

The  Morning  Post,  23  Jan.  1789,  admires  the  ability  of  this  print,  but 
regrets  that  *the  respectable  talents  of  Wigstead  should  descend  to  current 
topics'  like  the  ^common  order  of  Caricaturists'. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  244  (with  the  date  30  Jan.). 
5|X29iin. 

7482  A  A  copy  in  the  Hibernian  Magazine  for  March  1789  [i  Apr.],  the 
figures  approximately  the  same  size,  but  with  less  space  between  them. 
The  words  of  the  'truth'  are  ahered  to  The  Irish  Parliament  have  addressed. 
An  allusion  to  the  Irish  deputation  to  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  No. 
751 1,  &c. 

Stt  X  21 A  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

574 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1789 

7483  A  MIS-FIRE  AT  THE  CONSTITUTION— 

JSf.  [Bayers.] 

Publ  12^^  Jany  lySg  hy  Tho'  Cornell 

Engraving.  Fox  (r.)  has  just  fired  a  musket  at  the  British  Lion  (1.),  who  lies 
beneath  a  cushion  on  which  are  the  crown  and  sceptre ;  in  his  paws  is  a  large 
scroll :  The  Rights  of  the  People.  Fox  takes  deliberate  aim,  resting  his  musket 
on  the  back  of  his  shooting-pony  (his  stalking-horse),  whose  head  is  held 
by  Sheridan.  The  headband,  inscribed  Ich  Dien^  and  holding  the  Prince's 
feathers,  indicates  the  Prince  of  Wales.  His  eyes  are  covered  by  blinkers. 
Under  his  fore-feet  are  two  papers :  Addresses  from  Edinburgh  Glasgow 
Borough  of  Southwark  and  City  of  London  Vote  of  Thanks  to  M'  Pitt  .  .  . 
26^.  Papers  issue  from  Sheridan's  coat-pocket  and  flutter  to  the  ground: 

Paragraph  against  the  Minister ,  Puffs  direct  for  the  P e,  Puffs  oblique  for 

the  P e  of  W^(an  allusion  to  the  passage  on  'the  Puflt  direct',  &c.,  in  The 

Critic^  I.  ii).  Abuse  of  the  Minister,  Under  his  foot  is  the  Oath  of  Allegiance. 
A  satire  on  the  press  campaign  against  Pitt  during  the  Regency  crisis 
(cf.  No.  7382,  &c.),  which  misfired,  since  his  popularity  was  unshaken. 
See  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  p.  425.  For  the  addresses  to  Pitt, 
see  No.  7480,  &c.  Cf.  also  No.  7488,  probably  an  answer  to  this  print. 
9f  XioJ  in. 

7484  A  PEEP  BEHIND  THE  CURTAIN  AT  DRURY  LANE. 

J5/ [Bayers.] 

Publ^  by  The'  Cornell  14  Janv  lySg 

Aquatint.  Sheridan  (1.)  speaks  through  a  small  aperture  in  the  curtain 
which  he  holds  open,  addressing  the  musicians,  some  of  whom  are  seen 
on  the  r.,  saying,  with  a  conspiratorial  scowl,  D — n  em  dontplay  God  Save 
the  King.  Behind  the  musicians  are  the  heads  of  some  of  the  audience  in 
the  pit,  shouting;  a  label  extending  across  part  of  the  print  (r.),  inscribed 
Play  God  save  the  King,  shows  their  words.  In  a  box  are  a  lady  and  two 
men.  The  print  shows  the  arrangement  of  footlights,  orchestra,  pit,  and 
a  box  on  the  first  tier. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  On 
26  Dec.  1788  (and  probably  on  other  days)  the  Drury  Lane  audience  called 
loudly  for  *God  save  the  King',  when  the  huzzaing  at  *.  .  .  Scatter  his 
enemies*  'exceeded  all  imagination'.  Harcourt  Papers,  ed.  E.  W.  Harcourt, 
iv.  97. 
7ix6|in. 

7485  THE  ENGLISH  REGENCY. 

London,  Publish' djan^  ig*^  lySg,  hy  Miss  Humphries,  New  Bond  Street, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  of  Wales 
stands,  looking  down  dejectedly,  his  hands  tied  behind  him  by  a  rope  held 
by  Pitt,  who  is  seated  in  the  Coronation  Chair  (as  in  No.  7386)  raised  on 
a  dais  of  three  steps.  The  Prince's  coronet  and  feathers  lie  on  the  ground 
beside  him;  Pitt  wears  a  crown  poised  sideways  on  his  head  and  holds  a 
sceptre;  he  says  This  Crown  sits  so  heavy  on  me  that  I  fear  it  will  fall  and 
pull  my  Head  down  with  it.  A  Spanish  don  ( ?  Charles  IV)  and  a  foppish 
Frenchman  (Louis  XVI)  kick  the  Prince.   The  former  (1.)  says,  You,  a 

575 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Regent^  there!  take  that  for  your  Regency  you  have  nothing  hut  the  name. 
The  other,  who  is  much  caricatured,  wearing  a  crown  and  star,  takes  a 
pinch  of  snuff;  he  says,  By  Gar  Monsieur  Anglois^  now  is  de  time  to  give 
you  von  kick  of  the  Bum.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

Can  free  born  Britons  Tamely  Sity 

And  see  the  Brunswick  line  disgraced 

As  if  to  govern  found  unfits 

Or  that  the  Crown  had  been  misplaced. 

Forbear  rash  Youth  in  time  retire^ 

Nor  further  Vengeance  dare. 

The  Scene  may  Change  while  you  aspire; 

And  doom  you!  The  Lord  knows  where. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  The 
resolutions  embodying  restrictions  on  the  Regent  were  moved  by  Pitt  on 
16  Jan.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  936  ff.  See  Nos.  7486,  7488,  &c.  For  the 
(supposed)  attitude  of  foreign  princes  cf.  No.  7507,  &c.  At  this  time  it 
was  known  that  Pitt  was  preparing  to  return  to  the  Bar,  while  the  Opposition 
were  confidently  disposing  of  posts  in  a  new  administration,  cf.  Life  and 
Letters  of  Sir  Gilbert  Elliot^  i.  257,  260  ff.  By  the  same  artist  as  No. 
7392,  &c.,  all  accusing  Pitt  of  robbing  the  Prince  of  his  crown. 
i2|X9jin. 

7486  [THE  RESTRICTED  REGENCY.]'  [Jan.  1789] 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7487,  by  the  same  artist.  The  Prince 
of  Wales  stands  with  an  expression  of  defiant  courage,  while  his  hands  are 
tied  behind  him  by  Pitt  (r.)  whose  profile  is  of  singular  insignificance.  Pitt 
is  assisted  by  ( ?)  Richmond.  A  Spanish  don  (1.)  snaps  his  fingers  derisively 
in  the  Prince's  face,  while  a  Frenchman  (r.)  kicks  him  behind,  as  in 
No.  7485.  The  Queen,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  stands  behind  Pitt,  watching 
him  with  eager  satisfaction.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  the  empty  throne; 
pilasters  and  a  draped  curtain  (r.)  form  a  background  to  the  figures. 

For  the  attacks  on  the  Queen  in  the  House  of  Commons  see  Bucking- 
ham, Courts  and  Cabinets ^  ii.  91,  and  No.  7383,  &c.   The  restrictions  on 
the  Regency  were  moved  on  16  Jan.,  see  No.  7485. 
8Jx  iif  in.  (clipped). 

7486  A  THE  RESTRICTED  REGENCY. 
Britannicus  Fecit 

Stipple.  A  copy  (reversed)  of  No.  7486,  folding  pi.  from  a  book.  The  throne, 
instead  of  being  freely  sketched,  is  drawn  in  detail  as  are  the  Royal  Arms. 
6|X9iin. 

7487  THE  FREE  REGENCY. 

Pii¥  J  any  lySg  by  J  Bradshaw  Coventry  Street 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7486.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  very 
handsome  and  regal,  sits  on  a  throne  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  extending  a 
graciously  admonitory  hand  towards  the  Frenchman  and  Spaniard  of 
No.  7486,  who  kneel  abjectly  at  his  feet.  On  his  1.  hand,  and  on  the  extreme 
r.,  stand  Fox  and  Burke.  The  head  of  a  third  man  between  them  may  be 

I  Title  cut  oflF. 
576 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1789 

intended  for  Sheridan.  On  the  Prince's  r.  hand  stand  ( ?)  Portland,  Lough- 
borough, and  a  third  person,  impossible  to  identify.  On  the  extreme  1. 
three  persons  hurry  from  the  audience-chamber:  Pitt,  looking  over  his 
shoulder,  walks  between  the  Queen  and  ( ?)  Richmond.  In  an  alcove  is  a 
statue  of  Justice,  blindfolded,  her  scales  evenly  balanced.  Three  ostrich 
feathers,  not  a  crown  as  in  No.  7486,  decorate  the  back  of  the  throne. 
9iXi3|in. 

7488  POINT-BLANK  AT  THE  CONSTITUTION, 
a  hasty  Sketch  of  Yesterday's  Business  y  J  any  20*^  ijSg 
[Dent.] 

Engraving.  Probably  an  answer  to  No.  7483.  Pitt  (I.),  much  caricatured, 
fires  a  blunderbuss  at  a  bull  (John  Bull),  resting  it  on  the  back  of  a  zebra 
on  which  is  a  saddle-cloth  ornamented  with  a  large  crown  and  the  motto 
Avarice.  Thurlow,  on  the  extreme  1.,  holds  the  bridle  and  offers  the 
animal  a  bowl  filled  with  coins  labelled  Motive.  Pitt's  blunderbuss  is 
inscribed  Fourth  Estate ;  a  series  of  large  pear-shaped  bullets  issues  from 
it,  striking  the  bull :  they  are  (1.  to  r.)  Council^  Household^  Separate  Estab- 
lishmenty  New  Burthen,  Last  Resolution.  From  the  bull,  who  appears 
mortally  wounded,  drop  in  fragments  the  Power  \ofthe\  Com  \  mons  and 
the  broken  staff  of  liberty.  Behind  Pitt  and  the  zebra  is  a  placard :  Address 
{For  supporting)  For  creating  (the  Rights)  a  Fourth  (of  the  People)  Estate, 
the  words  in  brackets  being  scored  through.  Pitt  tramples  on  torn  docu- 
ments :  Consistency,  Oeconomy,  Parental  Affection.  Thurlow's  foot  rests  on 
a  broken  pair  of  scales  inscribed  Balance  of  Power. 

A  satire  on  the  debate  on  the  fifth  restriction  on  the  Regency  voted  on 
19  Jan.,  the  first  four  having  been  carried  on  16  Jan.  This  committed  to 
the  Queen  the  care  of  the  King's  person  and  the  control  of  his  household, 
with  the  advice  and  assistance  of  a  council.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  1004  ff.  and 
Nos.  7485,  7486,  7489,  7493,  7497,  7502,  7507.  The  zebra,  which  Pitt  uses 
as  a  stalking-horse,  represents  the  Queen,  in  allusion  to  the  animal  known 
as  the  Queen's  Ass,  see  No.  3870,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  7384;  the  crown  and 
motto  make  the  meaning  doubly  clear.  The  Queen's  control  of  the  House- 
hold and  its  patronage  was  denounced  in  the  Press,  &c.,  as  a  fourth  estate, 
see  Morning  Post,  22  Jan.  1789,  and  No.  7498.  The  addresses  to  Pitt  thank- 
ing him  for  supporting  the  rights  of  the  people  (see  No.  7480,  &c.)  are  also 
satirized.  Leeds  records  a  conversation  (29  Aug.  1792)  with  the  Duke  of 
York  in  which  he  'mentioned  to  H.R.H.  the  cruel  reports  which  had  been 
circulated  with  so  much  injustice  respecting  the  Queen's  eagerness  to  have 
the  care  of  the  K's  person,  and  in  fact  to  interfere  in  Gov*^,  which  I  knew 
to  be  false,  as  it  was  with  very  great  difficulty  she  could  be  prevailed  on  to 
take  any  part  in  the  melancholy  business  entrusted  to  her'.  Pol.  Memoranda 
of  the  Duke  of  Leeds,  ed.  O.  Browning,  p.  200.  For  her  'Avarice',  cf. 
No.  7498. 
6|  X  9f  in. 

7489  REVOLUTION  PILLAR.  [Jan.  1789] 
[Dent.] 

Sold  by  W  Moore  Oxford  Street  Pub  by  W.  Dent  [date  illegible] 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).  A  fox,  wearing  a 
coat,  hangs  in  profile  to  the  r.  from  a  very  high  gibbet.   His  large  brush 

577  PP 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  inscribed  Hereditary  Right  (cf.  No.  7381);  he  is  excreting,  the  ordure 
being  inscribed  Run  my  Mead.  Above  the  gibbet  is  a  scroll:  The  Man  of 
the  People  High  in  Office.  Three  women  caper  delightedly  round  the  foot 
of  the  gallows:  Justice  (with  the  head  of  Thurlow)  (1.),  with  her  scales 
evenly  balanced,  but  with  her  bandage  pushed  up  so  that  she  can  see,  and 
holding  her  sword  against  her  shoulder,  its  blade  inscribed  Household  con- 
tinued \  she  sings,  Let^s  joyful  Dance  and  merry  Sing.  Britannia  (r.)  sings 
for  Ch — l—y  [Fox]  is  quite  the  thing ;  her  shield  is  inscribed  No  Peers  No 
Pensions,  an  allusion  to  the  Regency  Restrictions.  Her  profile  appears  to 
be  intended  for  that  of  Pitt.  Liberty,  with  the  head  of  Wilkes,  squinting 
violently,  who  is  between  the  other  two,  cries  Huzza.  The  cap  of  Liberty 
(on  its  staff)  is  inscribed  with  the  City  arms  and  the  motto  Address,  in 
reference  to  the  City  address  of  thanks  to  Pitt  and  the  Ministry  for  main- 
taining the  right  of  Parliament  in  the  establishment  of  a  regency.  See 
No.  7480,  &c. 

For  the  Revolution  Pillar  to  be  erected  at  Runnymede,  see  No.  7396. 
A  satire  on  Fox  and  on  the  restrictions  imposed  on  the  Regent,  embodied 
in  resolutions  carried  16  and  19  Jan.,  see  No.  7488,  &c. 
I2|x6|in. 


7490  A  CORONATION  IN  PALL  MALL.  [Jan.  1789] 

[?H.W.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt,  seated  in  a  chair, 
turns  his  head  majestically  towards  the  Duchess  of  Gordon,  who  holds  a 
chamber-pot  over  his  head,  saying.  Hail  King  of  Strathhogy!  Petty  France, 
Bridle  Lane,  and  the  Kingdom  of  Kew!  Her  hair  is  dishevelled.  Another 
lady  (r.)  ( ?  her  daughter)  holds  out  her  arms  as  if  to  restrain  her.  On  the  1. 
a  doctor,  holding  his  cane,  brandishes  his  wig  in  agitation  at  the  scene. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 

Medical  Evidence  Extraordinary. 

Pall  Mall.  Jan.  16.  17 8g.  After  eating  a  haggas  for  supper,  her  Grace 
slept  well — woke  refreshed,  and  eat  a  hearty  breaJ^ast,  with  good  proportion 
of  lacing  to  her  tea — grew  afterwards  disturbed — on  Pifs  entering  the  room, 
discharged  an  utensil  {she  lately  us'd)  full  in  his  face,  but  recollected  herself 
soon  after,  and  ask^d  if  he  could  like  where  it  came  from — fix' d  furiously  the 
vessel  on  his  head — said  the  crown  was  empty,  and  he  should  have  it.  Lady 
Courtown  calVd  in  the  evening — assured  her  Grace  that  people  frequently 
became  more  reasonable  from  insanity — applied  to  me,  I  confirmed  it — said  the 
frost  was  gone — then  Billy's  out,  she  replied — ask'd  why  Lord  Brudenell  was 
not  included  in  the  thaw — supposed  nothing  but  Court  sunshine  would  do  it — 
these  flattering  symptoms  are  attend  \sic'\  with  a  pulse  of  125,  which  con- 
siderably encreases  the  good  hopes  I  entertain  of  her  Grace.  Wil  Lies.  Vide 
Morn^  Herald. 

A  parody  of  the  reports  by  Dr.  Willis  on  the  King's  health,  see  Nos. 
7394,  7496,  and  an  attack  on  the  Duchess  of  Gordon,  Pitt's  supporter. 
Perhaps  occasioned  by  the  rebuke  given  by  the  Duchess  to  Jack  Payne 
when  he  abused  Pitt  and  said  'Mr  Pitt's  chastity  will  protect  the  Queen'. 
Auckland  Correspondence,  ii.  280.  The  Duchess  was  living  in  Buckingham's 
house  in  Pall  Mall. 
8|Xi3jin. 

578 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1789 

7491  THE  VICE  Q 'S  DELIVERY  AT  THE  OLD  SOLDIER'S 

HOSPITAL  IN  DUBLIN. 

[Attributed  to  Rowlandson.    ?  H.  W.] 

Dublin  Pu¥  London  repu¥  by  Wilt^  Holland,  N''  50  Oxford  S^  Janv 
1789. 

In  Holland^s  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricature  and  other  humorous  Prints  in  Europe.  Admittance  One 
Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Marchioness  of  Buckingham  looks 
from  a  curtained  bed  towards  her  infant  which  is  being  shown  by  an  old 
soldier  to  her  husband,  the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  who  enters  from 
the  r.,  wearing  a  ribbon  and  sword.  The  soldier  has  a  wooden  leg  and  a 
patch  over  one  eye ;  he  says,  Deel  my  said  but  he'll  be  a  brave  soldier  your 
honor ^  he's  got  a  noble  Truncheon.  Buckingham  answers.  Thanks!  thanks! 
my  brave  Serjeant^  you  shall  be  Knighted  this  day.  Behind  him,  and  on  the 
extreme  r.,  stand  another  old  soldier  with  two  wooden  legs  supported  on 
crutches,  and  a  man  in  a  university  gown  and  bands,  carrying  a  jug  in- 
scribed Dublin  University  Pitcher.  The  soldier  says,  Downright  robbery ^  by  S^ 
Patrick!  we'll  be  soon  famished  if  our  broth  is  to  be  stole  from  us  in  this  manner. 
He  looks  towards  a  man  in  a  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  seated  on  the 
extreme  1.  and  holding  a  bowl,  who  says  to  a  nurse  who  stands  over  him : 
Poo!  Poo!  good  woman  this  is  not  caudle!  this  is  the  old  Soldiers  porridge! 

The  print  is  explained  by  a  facetious  report  in  the  Morning  Post  of  17  Jan. : 
^It  is  said  that  the  Marchioness  of  Buckingham  was  brought  to  bed  of  a  fine  boy 
in  the  Royal  Hospital  at  Dublin  ;  the  apartments  at  the  Castle  being  inconvenient 
and  noisy y  the  Marquis  borrowed  the  lodgings  of  the  Commander-in-Chief  ; 
where  for  want  of  a  better  Accoucheur  at  hand,  the  Marchioness  was  delivered 
by  an  old  Serjeant  named  Maclean.'  The  infant  was  born  31  Dec.  1788. 
Hibernian  Mag.,  1789,  p.  55.  The  man  with  the  'University  Pitcher'  is 
probably  the  Provost  of  Trinity  College,  Hely  Hutchinson ;  the  ( ?)  Chan- 
cellor may  be  Viscount  Lifford,  the  Irish  Chancellor.  Buckingham's  un- 
popularity in  Ireland  was  increased  by  his  haughty  arrogance.  There  was 
a  report  in  the  Morning  Herald  that  the  Castle  was  surrounded  by  Guards 
to  protect  him  from  the  fury  of  the  populace.  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Drop- 
more  Papers,  i.  432.  He  strongly  opposed  the  Irish  offer  of  an  unrestricted 
regency,  see  No.  751 1,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  242-3. 
8i^6Xi4jin. 

7492  LOOSE  PRINCIPLES. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Jany  21  lySg  by  S  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.   Fox  rises  from  a  close-stool;  Sheridan  (1.)  is  about  to  apply 

a  syringe,  inscribed  R ts  [Regent's]  Clyster,  to  his  rectum.  Burke  (r.), 

wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026),  gropes  in  the  close-stool,  holding 
in  his  1.  hand  its  lid,  inscribed  Not  searching  from  Precedents  but  Conse- 
quences (a  characteristic  dictum) ;  he  says,  To  Ordure — Ordure  (Burke  was 
often  called  to  order  for  his  speeches  on  the  Regency,  cf.  No.  7499,  &c.). 
Fox  says,  Exegi  Monumentum  cere  per ennias,  or  the  finishing  Stroke  (perhaps 

579 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

an  allusion  to  the  Revolution  Pillar,  see  No.  7396).  In  his  hand  is  a  paper 
inscribed  Magna  Charta  Non  Posteris  sed  Posterioribus;  his  posterior  is 
inscribed  Patriotic  Bum  and  Vox  Populi.  He  stands  on  a  paper  inscribed 
Resolutions  of  P / 1.  Sheridan  is  Principal  Promoter  of  loose  Prin- 
ciples ;  under  his  r.  foot  is  an  open  book :  Congreve  Plays  School  for  Scandal^ 
probably  implying  plagiarism  by  Sheridan  (cf.  Moore,  Life  of  Sheridany 
p.  180,  where  resemblances  between  The  School  for  Scandal  and  The 
Double  Dealer  are  noted).  The  background  is  a  library  wall :  a  book-case 
containing  tolio  volumes  in  some  disorder  is  flanked  by  scowling  busts  of 
Wat  Tyler  and  Jack  Kade.  The  books  are  inscribed :  The  Laws  of  Pharaoh 
(Faro,  cf.  No.  5972),  Political  Prints^  Life  of  Oliver  Cromwell  (cf.  No. 
6380,  &c.),  Cataline  (cf  No.  6784),  Memoirs  of  Sam  House  (see  index). 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.;  for 
Trecedents'  cf.  No.  7477..  where  the  leading  part  taken  by  Sheridan  is  also 
stressed,  as  in  No.  7493. 

Grego,  Rowlandsonj  i.  244-5. 
8jxi2f  in. 

7493  TO  BE  SEEN  AT  MR  S N'S  MENAGERIE  THE  WON- 
DERFUL, LEARNED  HAN . . .  R^  COLT,  WHO  WRITES  A  LETTER 
BLINDFOLDED, 

J^/[Sayers.] 

Pu¥  27  Janv  lySg  by  Tho"  Cornell 

Engraving.  A  spirited  horse,  wearing  the  feathers  of  the  Prince  of  Wales 
in  his  headband,  stands  on  his  hind  legs,  a  pen  in  his  fore-foot,  writing 
a  letter  while  Sheridan  (r.)  guides  the  pen;  his  blinkers  cover  his  eyes. 
Sheridan,  who  leans  across  the  table  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holds  the  paper: 
To  M^  Pi[tt]  ....  An  ape  with  the  (simian)  features  of  Lord  Derby  squats 
on  the  table  behind  Sheridan,  reading  a  paper :  Rough  Dra^  of  the  Letter ^ 
and  saying  Hear  hear  hear.  On  the  extreme  1.  appear  the  profile,  hands, 
and  one  foot  of  Weltje,  saying.  By  Got  he  vill  teach  de  Orse  to  speak.  Under 
the  table  is  a  circular  rat-trap,  in  which  are  five  rats  with  quasi-human 
faces.  After  the  title  is  etched :  NB  He  is  in  training  for  sei}  other  useful 
Purposes y  Also  a  very  curious  Monkey ^  who  can  read  &  write  a  little y  & 
imitates  the  human  voicCy  Also  several  very  extraordinary  Rats  from  Holland 
Buckinghamshire  Wilton  Poole  and  other  Places. 

A  satire  on  the  celebrated  answer  by  the  Prince  to  Pitt's  letter  (on  the 
Regency  restrictions)  of  30  Dec,  generally  attributed  to  Sheridan  (Rose, 
Pitt  and  National  Revivaly  p.  421,  considers  that  it  was  drafted  by  Burke 
and  Loughborough  and  touched  up  by  Sheridan),  see  No.  7477.  For  the 
rats  or  Ministerialists  who  voted  against  the  Government  on  the  Regency 
question,  see  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  ///,  ii.  82-3,  90; 
Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  v.  328  ff.  Those  here  depicted  are  Sir  James 
Harris,  ambassador  to  Holland  (see  Cornwallis  Correspondence y  i.  407),  Sir 
John  Aubrey,  M.P.  for  Bucks,  and  a  lord  of  the  Treasury,  William  Gerard 
Hamihon,  M.P.  for  Wihon,  and  Michael  Angelo  Taylor,  M.P.  for  Poole, 
who  had  for  some  time  been  one  of  the  Prince's  associates  (see  index).  For 
the  Regency  restrictions  see  No.  7488,  &c.  For  the  Prince  as  Sheridan's 
mouth-piece  cf.  No.  7513. 
7jXioin. 

*  The  letters  ove  have  been  erased,  but  traces  are  left. 
580 


POLITICAL  SATIRES    1789 

7494  PRINCE    WILLIAM'S    DEFEAT    OR    THE    TR— AS— RY 
STORMED. 

Published  Jany  27^*  lySg  by  [name  cut  off]. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  and  his  supporters  are  on  the  steps 
of  the  Tr — s—y  (Treasury),  a  classical  building  with  a  portico.  Pitt  and  two 
others  hold  pistols,  but  are  defenceless  before  the  heavy  artillery  of  Fox 
and  his  followers,  who  stand  (1.)  with  a  row  of  cannon  inscribed  Constitution 
Proof  which,  fire  balls  at  the  defenders.  These  balls  are  Regency j  which  has 
knocked  a  crown  off  Pitt's  head,  making  him  stagger  back,  East  India  Bill, 
Promotion[s]  of  Administration,  Window  Tax,  Maid  Servants  Tax,  Com- 
mutation Tax,  Shop  Tax,  Fortification,  a  large  ball  which  has  struck  down 
the  Duke  of  Richmond  (cf.  No.  6921,  &c.).  On  the  steps  with  Pitt  are  two 
bishops  wearing  mitres  (one  of  whom  holds  his  arm  and  is  probably  Prety- 
man,  cf.  No.  7146)  and  a  naval  officer  who  is  probably  Chatham.  Seven 
other  persons  are  poorly  characterized  and  cannot  be  identified. 

Fox  is  directing  operations,  the  Prince's  profile  appears  behind  him,  and 
Burke  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Constitu\tion  h]ope  of  North  wears  a  ban- 
dage across  his  eyes,  indicating  his  blindness.  Hats  are  waved,  and  the 
besiegers  hold  a  number  of  large  banners,  three  of  which  are  inscribed : 
[i]  Incorruptible  by  Interest  and  Uninfluenced  by  Power!  Public  Spirit  with- 
out Party  principles  Huzza! I!  [2]  Men  for  Ministers  and  Boys  for  Pastime. 
[3]  The  Rights  of  the  Females  and  No  Tax  under  Petticoats.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched : 

New  peals  of  shouts  came  thundering  from  afar! 
Cries,  threats  and  loud  laments,  and  mingled  war! 
The  guards  below,  fix'd  in  the  pass,  attend! 
The  charge  undaunted,  and  the  gate  defend 
But  bars  and  balls  and  fighting  guards  are  vain 
The  bars  are  broken  and  the  guards  are  slain 
On  the  strong  doors  then  all  their  shoulders  ply 
Till  from  their  posts  the  broken  hinges  fly 
The  fatal  Work  inhuman  Charles  now  spies 

And  all  his  father  sparkles  in  his  eyes 

Virgil 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c.  Pitt  was 
called  'Prince  William',  *William  IV',  and  'WiUiam  the  Conqueror'  in  the 
Prince's  circle,  cf.  Auckland  Correspondence,  ii.  280,  cf.  No.  7382,  &c.  For 
Pitt's  taxes  see  Nos.  6914,  7480,  &c.  The  East  India  Bill  probably  con- 
notes the  Declaratory  Bill,  see  No.  7280,  &c.  For  naval  promotions  see 
No.  7126,  &c.  The  allusion  to  the  father  of  'Charles'  appears  ironical,  since 
the  unpopular  Lord  Holland  was  known  as  the  Public  Defaulter  of  Un- 
accounted Millions,  cf.  No.  4842,  &c. 
iijxisfin. 

7495  ST  STEPHEN'S  MAD-HOUSE;  OR,  THE  INAUGURATION 
OF  KING  WILLIAM  THE  FOURTH.  [27  Jan.  1789^] 

Designed  by  Margaret  Nicholson,  Etched  by  M^  Stone.  [?  W.  H.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  the  House  of  Commons ; 
Pitt  and  his  followers  behave  as  madmen,  while  the  Foxites  retire  in  dis- 

*  Imprint  cut  off;  so  dated  by  E.  Hawkins. 

S8i 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

may.  Spectators  watch  from  the  gallery.  Pitt  stands  arrogantly  wearing 
a  crown  in  which  are  fragments  of  straw;  he  holds  a  hearth-brush  as  a 
sceptre,  his  1.  hand  is  on  his  hip.  He  says,  Nelly  Rogers  shall  be  Queen  !  hear 
it  ye  winds  and  bear  it  on  your  rosey  wings  to  Heaven .',  turning  his  head  in 
profile  to  the  r.  towards  Brook  Watson,  who  holds  out  a  large  document 
inscribed :  From  the  Corporations  of  Puddledock^  Hockley  in  the  Hole,  Labour 
in  Vain  Hill,  S^  Giles's,  Garrat,  Wapping,  The  Mint,  Vinegar  Yard  &c.  &c. 
&c.  &c.  &c.  &c.  ;^  he  says,  [If]  this  list  will  not  open  John  Bull's  eyes  then 
say  I  am  Pompey  the  Little  (an  allusion  to  Coventry's  History  of  Pompey 
the  Little  ...  (a  lap-dog),  175 1).  His  identity  is  made  clear  by  his  wooden 
leg  and  livery  gown;  he  wears  a  fool's  cap  on  which  a  demon  is  etched. 
Behind  Pitt  stands  Dundas,  with  three  faces  and  wearing  a  Scots  cap  sur- 
mounted by  a  weathercock  which  points  towards  Pitt.  He  holds  the  Prince 
of  Wales's  feathered  coronet  above  Pitt's  head,  saying  (with  one  mouth), 
All  the  Weird  Sisters  Promised,  King,  Prince  every  Thing.  The  other  mouths 
say,  Everfixt  to  one  Point  and  Billy  is  a  brave  cheeld  Fll  serve  him  to  the  last 
hour  of  his  Political  Life.  On  the  table  of  the  House  and  its  (dis-arranged) 
books  stands  Pepper  Arden  wearing  a  coronet  made  of  straw  on  which 
stands  an  owl;  he  holds  out  a  similar  coronet,  saying.  Coronets  a  Shilling 
a  piece.  Stars  and  Garters  sixpence ;  one  stocking  is  ungartered  but  he  wears 
garters  inscribed  Honi  and  [pe]nce  [sic].  Behind  him  stands  a  raving  mad- 
man without  a  wig  flourishing  the  mace  and  saying.  Who  challenges  Mad 
Tom!  dam  the  Whigs  and  Tories!  On  the  ground  beside  the  table  (r.) 
another  madman  is  seated  on  straw,  he  wears  a  fool's  cap  and  holds  out 
a  straw  coronet  in  each  hand,  with  a  cunning  smile.  Five  of  the  Opposition 
are  escaping;  the  last  man  is  Fox  who  looks  back  towards  the  Pittites, 
raising  his  arms  in  dismay.  Burke  says  Benevento's  Devils  were  nothing  to 
this. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7277,  &c.  For  Pitt 
as  William  IV  see  No.  7382,  &c.  Addresses  to  Pitt  from  Corporations,  &c., 
thanking  him  for  preserving  the  rights  of  Parliament  were  numerous ;  their 
advertisements  filled  the  front  page  of  (e.g.)  the  Morning  Herald,  and 
attempts  were  made  to  disparage  them,  cf.  No.  7480,  &c.  For  the  numerous 
peerages  bestowed  by  Pitt  see  No.  6631,  &c.  Their  number  was  'felt  to 
be  the  objection  which,  of  all  others,  operated  most  injuriously  against  the 
character  and  popularity  of  his  Administration'.  Buckingham,  Courts  and 
Cabinets  of  George  HI,  ii.  146.  Pitt  is  compared  with  Margaret  Nicholson,  a 
lunatic  who  attacked  the  King,  cf.  No.  7504.  Stone  was  a  lunatic  who  wished 
to  marry  the  Princess  Royal.  Huish,  Life  of  George  HI,  1821,  p.  493. 
i2Xi6|in. 

7496  THE  TRIUMPH  OF  LIBERTY.  [27  Jan.  17892  ] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  the  central  figure,  stands  over  the 
Prince  of  Wales  and  Britannia,  holding  a  laurel  wreath  above  the  Prince's 
head.  Britannia  (1.)  kneels  before  the  Prince  who  takes  her  hand,  putting 
his  r.  hand  on  his  heart.  She  holds  a  document  inscribed  Magna  Charta 
and  the  Bill  of  rights-,  the  British  lion  appears  from  behind  her  shield. 
Behind  Britannia  are  Pitt  and  his  followers  caricatured;  they  support  a 
board  resembling  that  on  which  the  Commandments  were  inscribed  in 

'^  Commas  have  been  inserted  for  the  sake  of  clearness,  given  in  the  original  by 
the  arrangement. 

*  Date  written  on  print,  publication-line  apparently  cut  off. 

582 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

churches.  Pitt  steps  forward  and  holds  out  to  Britannia  a  paper  inscribed 
/  Commission.  From  his  coat-pocket  protrude  papers  inscribed  D^  W — / — s 
[word  illegible]  opinion  ^  past  5  O'c  and  East  India  Pitt  [two  illegible 
words].  He  tramples  on  an  oval  portrait  of  Chatham.  The  table  of  the 
(new)  law  is  held  by  Thurlow  (1.)  and  Richmond  (r.).  Behind  Thurlow 
are  Sydney  and  a  man  with  the  arms  of  the  City  on  his  gown,  holding 
the  City  mace,  and  wearing  a  fool's  cap  with  bells  (probably  the  Lord 
Mayor).  With  them  is  a  nude  figure  of  Rebellion,  with  snaky  locks,  shouting 
and  holding  up  a  firebrand.  The  Prince,  young  and  slim,  wears  a  garter 
inscribed  Ich  Dien;  behind  him  is  the  Duke  of  York.  Both  brothers 
trample  on  a  shrieking  nude  figure  resembling  that  of  Rebellion.  Beside 
them  sits  Justice  (r.),  blindfolded,  with  her  sword  and  scales.  Thirteen 
Whigs  stand  behind  the  Princes,  in  close  rank,  almost  all  conventionally 
handsome  and  youthful  and  difficult  to  identify  except  Burke,  whose 
profile  appears  obscurely  on  the  extreme  r.  One  clasps  to  his  breast  an 
oval  portrait  resembling  Rockingham;  he  is  probably  Rockingham's 
nephew  and  heir  Fitzwilliam.  Behind  them,  a  pendant  to  'Rebellion', 
stands  Liberty^  holding  her  cap  aloft.  Above  them  flies  Fame  blowing  a 
trumpet. 

One  of  many  satires  in  which  Pitt  is  accused  of  aiming  at  unconstitutional 
powers  during  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7382,  &c.  He  holds  one  of  Dr. 
Willis's  reports  on  the  King's  health,  cf.  Nos.  7394,  7490 :  the  Opposition 
scouted  the  prediction  that  his  patient  would  recover.  Wraxall,  Memoirs, 
1884,  V.  244.  The  allusion  to  India  is  probably  aimed  at  the  Declaratory 
Bill,  see  No.  7280,  &c. 
I2jxi6-Jin. 

7497  SUITABLE  RESTRICTIONS. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub'^  by  S.  W.  Fores  iV«  3  Piccadilly  Jan  28.  lySg. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  game  at  marbles 
(taw,  cf.  No.  7393)  for  the  crown  is  in  progress ;  the  Prince  of  Wales  is 
dressed  as  a  toddling  child  in  petticoats  but  is  larger  in  scale  than  the  other 
figures ;  he  leans  towards  Fox,  Sheridan,  and  Burke  (who  are  aiming  at  the 
crown)  but  is  restrained  by  Pitt  (r.)  who  holds  him  in  leading-strings,  saying, 
Hold,  Not  so  fast  Georgy.  The  Prince  wears  one  of  the  cushioned  caps 
('puddings')  then  used  to  protect  children's  heads;  in  it  are  three  feathers. 
The  crown  is  at  his  feet,  surrounded  by  a  ring  of  marbles.  Fox  and 
Sheridan  kneel  side  by  side;  Fox  is  about  to  play,  saying.  My  Game  for  a 
Crown.  Sheridan,  holding  his  marble,  says,  Knuckle  down  and  dontfunck,^ 
Charley.  Burke  stands  behind  them,  leaning  eagerly  forward,  saying.  My 
turn  next  Sherry.  He  wears  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026).  Pitt,  chapeau- 
brasy  wears  court  dress.  Behind  the  Prince  is  a  circular  stand  on  wheels 
for  supporting  a  toddling  child. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c. ;  for  the 
restrictions  of  the  Regency  Bill  see  No.  7488,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  245.   Reproduced,  Rhodes,  Harlequin  Sheridan, 
1933,  P-  97- 
8Jxi2iin. 

*  To  funk = to  advance  the  hand  unfairly  in  playing  marbles.  Partridge,  Diet,  of 
Slang,  1937. 

583 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7498  CONTROUL  AND  ADVICE, 
A  scene  in  Midas^  with  a  Parody, 

[Dent.] 

Pub  by  W  Dent  Jan  28  lySg 

Engraving.  Pitt,  Thurlow,  and  the  Queen  in  conference  sit  at  a  round 
table  as  three  characters  from  O'Hara's  burletta,  Midas.  Pitt  as  Pan  has 
goat's  legs ;  he  is  seated  on  a  stool  and  says  77/  snore ;  he  is  labelled  Delay 
&  Weakness  but  has  a  paper,  Energy^  Vigour,  Dispatch.  Thurlow,  as 
Midas,  opposite  him  says  III  swear  (cf.  No.  7320);  he  is  labelled  Pliability 
but  has  a  book:  Positive  Man  a  Farce  [by  O'Keefe].  The  Queen  sits 
between  them,  looking  slyly  at  Pitt  and  saying,  Wll  share.  She  is  dressed 
like  a  farmer's  wife ;  she  grasps  a  heap  of  small  fish,  evidently  denoting  the 
patronage  accruing  from  her  control  of  the  King's  Household  under  the 
Regency  Bill  (cf.  No.  7488).  Before  her  is  a  book :  Housewifery.  Coins  fall 
from  the  over-full  pockets  of  Pitt  and  Thurlow.  On  the  front  of  the  cloth 
which  covers  the  table  is  a  bunch  of  grapes  inscribed  Unanimity.  On  the 
wall  behind  Pitt's  head  is  a  crown,  above  which  is  Virtually y  and  below  it, 
Bill  PerVs  Plan.  On  the  floor  by  Pitt  is  a  reptilian  creature  bristling  with 
barbed  fangs  and  inscribed  Young  G's  letter.  Near  Thurlow  is  a  paper  torn 
in  half:  Plan  \  by  One.  On  the  wall  are  two  pictures:  one  (1.)  is  Secret 
Influence.  Pitt  empties  a  sack  of  guineas  into  a  pit,  Thurlow  comes  up  with 
a  sack  {loooo)  on  his  shoulders,  while  ( ?)  Arden  sits  in  a  cart  with  other 
sacks,  grasping  one  inscribed  loooo.  The  Queen,  with  a  broom,  assists 
Pitt  to  fill  his  pit.  The  other  (r.)  is  Public  Transfer:  a  stout  lady,  probably 
Mrs.  Schwellenberg  (cf.  Nos.  7383,  7501),  leads  To  Germany  a  horse 
inscribed  Hanover  Hack  which  is  heavily  laden  with  money-bags  inscribed 
Savings.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Midas,  by  Old  Gruff— Pan,  by  Young  Pert,  and  Mysis,  by  a  Lady, 
for  the  first  time. 

Pan.  Master  G e  and  Fitz, 

And  toll  de  roll  wits 
ril  buffet  away  from  the  Crown,  Sir, 

Midas,  And  Til  assist 

Your  Honoris  fist 
With  all  my  might  and  main.  Sir. 


Pan,  For  wenching  feats 

And  Reynard's  Cheats 
He  shall  have  naught  to  please  *em, 

Mysis,  Nor  touch  by  goles. 

The  household  Coles, 
Of  that  trouble  we'll  ease  *em. 

Omnis,  We'll  share. 

And  I  warrant  in  Council  we'll  Sack  it. 

An  attack  on  the  Regency  restrictions  (see  No.  7488,  &c.)  as  a  plot  to 
secure  patronage  and  money  for  the  Queen  and  for  Pitt.  The  letter  of 
*young  G.'  is  the  famous  letter  of  i  Jan.,  see  No.  7493 ;  for  the  text  see 
Ann.  Reg,,  lySg,  pp.  298-302.  For  the  Queen's  conduct  during  the  crisis 

584 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1789 

see  No.  7383,  &:c.   For  her  supposed  miserliness  cf.  No.  7836,  &c.  Cole 
is  a  slang  term  for  money,  cf.  No.  6213,  &c.  A  parody  of  Act  III,  scene  iv 
of  Midas. 
6fX7^in. 

7499  NEDDY'S  BLACK  BOX. 
J  SfU  [Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  30  Jatfy  lySg  by  S  Fores  N"*  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Burke  kneels  before  a  throne,  from 
which  the  Prince  of  Wales  has  risen,  eagerly  holding  out  his  hands  for  the 
head  of  Charles  I  which  Burke  proffers  in  a  round  box  inscribed  Treasury 
Box ;  he  says.  My  Liege  I  told  them  in  the  House  no  day  so  proper  to  settle  the 
Regency  as  Charleses  Martyrdom.  Sheridan  stands  behind  Burke,  leaning 
eagerly  forward,  and  saying  with  a  sinister  scowl :  /  too  am  for  Dispatch 
such  days  best  suit  our  Purpose ;  from  his  pocket  hangs  a  paper :  Horn  Tooke's 
Letter  on  the  Princes  Marriage  (Trince'  appears  to  have  been  scored  through). 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  Containing  what  he  does  not  value  three  skips  of 
a  louse**. 

**Why  not  Debate  it  on  Friday  I  say  it  is  the  only  Day  in  the  Year  on 
"which  it  ought  to  be  Debated  {Charles's  Martyrdom)  and  carried  up  in  the 
''Black  Box*'.— Vide  M  Burk—s  Speech  on  Tuesday  last. 

A  satire  on  Burke's  speech  of  27  Jan.  1789  on  the  Regency  Resolutions 
(see  No.  7488,  &c.),  in  which  he  blamed  Pitt  for  disrespect  to  the  Prince 
in  not  sending  his  letter  of  30  Dec.  (cf.  No.  7493)  in  a  black  box,  protested 
against  the  decision  that  the  House  could  not  sit  on  30  Jan.  (the  anniversary 
of  Charles  I's  execution)  *of  all  days  the  most  fit  for  taking  that  step  which 
was  to  annihilate  the  constitution  . . .',  and  attacked  the  lords  of  the  House- 
hold as  sticking  'by  the  Kings  loaf*,  while  protesting  that  they  'did  not 
value  the  money  three  skips  of  a  louse'.  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  11 16-18. 
Burke's  speeches  on  the  Regency  were  characterized  by  extravagance  and 
unseemliness  for  which  he  was  often  called  to  order.  Cf.  Nos.  7492,  7627, 
7689,  and  Lecky,  Hist.  ofEngland^  1887,  v.  130-3.  Tooke's  'Letter'  is  the 
pamphlet,  *A  Letter  to  a  Friend  on  the  reported  Marriage  of  his  Royal 
Highness  the  Prince  of  Wales',  1787,  in  which  he  maintained  that  such  a 
marriage  would  be  legal  despite  the  Royal  Marriage  Act,  cf.  No.  7501. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  245. 
8ixi3in. 

7500  THE  SOUR  PROSPECT  BEFORE  US,  OR  THE  INS  THROW- 
ING UP.  [c.  Jan.  1789] 

[Dent.] 

Pub  by  W.  Dent  [date  illegible]  lySg   Sold  by  W  Moore  N^  308 
Oxford  Street 

Engraving.  Ministers,  seven  isolated  figures,  vomit  copiously  at  the  pro- 
spect of  being  turned  out.  They  are  (1.  to  r.)  Lord  Chatham,  First  Lord  of 
the  Admiralty,  vomiting  an  anchor;  the  Marquis  of  Stafford,  Lord  Privy 
Seal,  vomiting  a  zebra,  inscribed  Privy  Seal;  the  zebra  or  'Queen's  Ass* 

*  A  colourable  imitation  of  Sayers's  signature. 

585 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

(cf.  No.  7488,  &c.)  here  probably  indicates  special  attachment  to  the  Queen. 
Lord  Camden,  Lord  President  of  the  Privy  Council,  emits  a  paper  inscribed 
Precedency.  He  moved  (11  Dec.)  for  a  committee  to  report  on  precedents 
relating  to  the  Regency,  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  v.  213 ;  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii. 
667.  Richmond,  Master  of  the  Ordnance,  emits  a  cannon  and  balls  (cf. 
No.  6921,  &c.).  Lord  Sydney,  Secretary  of  State,  emits  a  sealed  letter 
inscribed  Secretaryship.  Thurlow  vomits  the  Great  Seal  in  its  bag,  Pitt  a 
key,  probably  that  of  the  Treasury,  as  in  No.  6378. 

The  dismissal  of  the  Ministry  would  have  immediately  followed  the  pass- 
ing of  the  Regency  Bill ;  the  Opposition  were  confident  of  office,  and  posts 
had  been  allotted.  Cf.  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters y  i.  260-3,  and  No.  7509. 

4i6Xi5|in. 

7501  THE  RIVAL  QUEENS.  OR  A  POLITICAL  HEAT  FOR  REGE 
&  GREGE. 

Pu¥  Fehy  I  lySg  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  encounter  between  two  stout  ladies, 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  and  Mrs.  Schwellenberg  (r.),  each  with  a  second :  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  his  hands  on  his  lady's  waist,  and  Pitt  holding  out  a  lemon 
to  the  furious  German  woman,  who  raises  a  massive  sceptre  in  both  hands 
to  strike  her  opponent,  saying.  You  be  de  Pope  &  de  Devils  friend  &  by  Got 
you  be  twice  Married  &  by  Got  you  will  make  us  all  Cat  licks  &  by  Got  I  zvill 
stand  up  for  my  Mistres?  right  as  long  as  she  has  de  Jewels  left.  Pitt  says, 
My  dear  SchwelVy  you  shall  stand  up  for  the  wrights  of  the  Poeple  [sic]  & 
I  zoill  Stand  up  for  you.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  holds  a  crucifix  in  her  r.  hand, 
her  1.  fist  is  clenched ;  she  says :  /  say  you  are  a  German — <Sf  you  send  the 
Money  out  of  this  Kingdom  by  Millions.  The  Prince  says.  Thou  dost  Support 
us  well  my  Love,  let  Billy  spread  his  subtle  nets  like  Vulcan.  In  thy  embraces 
I  would  be  beheld  by  Heaven  &  Earth  at  once,  &  Make  their  envy  what  they 
meant  their  sport.  Let  those  who  hate  us  Blush,  I  would  love  on  with  awful 
State,  Regardless  of  their  frowns.  As  their  superiour  god.  There's  no  satiety 
of  Love  in  thee,  enjoy d  thou  still  art  new,  perpetual  spring  is  in  thy  arms,  the 
ripen' d  fruit  but  falls  &  Blossoms  rise  to  fill  its  emty  place  &  I  grow  rich  by 
Giving.  From  his  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed :  When  I  am  King 
diddle  diddle  you  shall  be  Queen.  Both  ladies  are  fully  dressed  with  long 
gowns,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  has  feathers  in  her  hair,  her  opponent  a  piece  of 
drapery;  the  latter 's  scowl  and  clumsy  appearance  contrast  with  Mrs. 
Fitzherbert's  confident  manner:  they  probably  represent  Roxana  and 
Statira  in  Lee's  tragedy. 

Though  the  question  of  the  Prince's  marriage  was  avoided  by  responsible 
speakers  during  the  Regency  debates,  it  was  again  brought  forward  by 
Rolle,  e.g.  on  19  Jan.  with  an  allusion  to  Home  Tooke's  pamphlet  (see 
No.  7499),  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  1039.  The  Queen  was  suspected  of  sending 
money  to  Germany  through  Mrs.  Schwellenberg,  see  No.  7906.  Cf.  Nos. 
7383,  7506. 
8fxi2i|in. 

7502  THE  DONKEY— O:  A  New  Song. 

London;  Pu¥  Febv  6^*  lySg^  by  Peter  Pindar, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Heading  to  a  song  of 
ten  verses  etched  in  two  columns.  Pitt  (1.)  bestrides  an  ass  with  the  head 

586 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

and  wig  of  Thurlow;  he  advances  towards  a  lion  with  the  head  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  who  puts  one  fore-paw  on  a  crown,  the  other  on  a  sceptre. 
Pitt  holds  up  a  massive  metal  collar  inscribed  Controul  which  he  destines 
for  the  lion,  to  whom  he  points,  but  tooks  away  from  him  over  his  r. 
shoulder.  The  words  of  the  song  are  spoken  by  Pitt,  who  describes  his 
career,  beginning: 

When  I  a  stripling  was  at  School, 

I  was  both  sly  and  Crafty-o, 

His  foes  routed  him, 

'TV//  Donkey  flew  up  the  hack-stair 
And  kick'd  them  all  to  Hell-e-o 

The  donkey  (Thurlow)  persuaded  him  to  contest  the  Young  Lion's  right 
to  the  Regency.  The  verses  end : 

Now  with  Controul,  both  strong  and  Great, 

Should  I  once  lose  my  Station-o 
ril  Clog  the  Rolling  Wheels  of  State 
And  thus  Perplex  the  Nation-o; 
Whilst  mounted  on  my  Donkey-o, 
My  Prancing,  Rearing,  Donkey-o, 
My  Thund'ring,  Swearing,  Ranting,  Tearing, 
Rampant,  Roaring  Donkey-o 

A  satire  on  the  restrictions  on  the  Regent  in  the  Regency  Bill,  see  No. 
7488,  &c.  An  incorrect  representation  of  the  relations  between  Pitt  and 
Thurlow,  who  detested  Pitt  and  had  contemplated  joining  the  Prince's 
party,  see  No.  7377.  Cf.  'The  Chancellor  is  again  getting  about  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  persuading  him  that  he  is  attached  to  him,  and  that  he  detests 
Pitt,  which  latter  part  is  perfectly  true  .  .  .'.  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters, 
i.  275  (23  Feb.  1789).  The  overtures  from  the  King  to  Pitt  through 
Thurlow  in  July  1783  explain  the  lines  on  the  *back-stair'.  Cf.  Rose,  Pitt 
and  National  Revival,  p.  134,  and  Nos.  6378,  6644.  For  Thurlow's  oaths, 
cf.  No.  7320. 
4|x8f  in.   Broadside,  8Jx  i2|  in. 


Two  designs  by  Rowlandson  on  one  plate, 

7503  BRITANNIA'S  SUPPORT  OR  THE  CONSPIRATORS  DE- 
FEATED. 

Pub.  by  H.  Holland  Oxford  Street  Febv  7.  lySg 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.),  sword  in  hand, 
gallantly  protects  Britannia  against  the  attack  of  three  conspirators:  Pitt 
raises  a  headsman's  axe  in  both  hands;  Grafton,  holding  a  conspirator's 
lantern,  is  about  to  strike  her  with  a  dagger;  Richmond,  on  the  extreme  r., 
fires  a  musket,  resting  one  knee  on  a  cannon.  The  Prince  wears  a  coronet 
with  three  ostrich  feathers,  he  holds  out  his  shield  behind  Britannia,  who 
cowers  towards  him  in  terror. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis.  For  Pitt's  alleged  designs  on 
the  Constitution,  cf.  No.  7382,  &c.;  for  Grafton  and  Richmond,  No.  7389. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  247. 

6|X9i^6in. 

587 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7504  THE  HOSPITAL  FOR  LUNATICS. 
Pu¥  Feh'v  7.  lySg  by  H.  Hollandy  Oxford  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  patients  chained  by  the  neck  are 
seated  in  three  adjoining  boxes  or  cubicles.  The  doctor  enters  from  the  1., 
carrying  a  bowl  and  spoon ;  he  says,  /  see  no  signs  of  Convalescence.  He  is 
followed  by  an  attendant  who  carries  across  his  shoulder  a  bundle  of  ropes 
or  nets,  saying.  No  dammey  they  must  be  all  in  a  state  of  Coercion.  The  first 
patient  (1.)  is  Pitt,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  enthroned  on  a  chamber-pot,  holding 
a  sceptre  of  twigs  or  straws  and  wearing  a  coronet  bristling  with  straws. 
Over  his  head  is  the  inscription :  went  mad  supposing  himself  next  heir  to  a 
Crown  (cf.  No.  7495).  Next  him  is  Richmond  dressed  in  a  shirt ;  supporting 
his  head  on  his  hands,  he  gazes  at  five  toy  cannon  arranged  in  a  semicircle 
at  his  feet.  On  his  head  is  a  chamber-pot.  Behind  him  is  a  placard  Plan 
of  Fortifat  ....  His  inscription  is  went  mad  in  the  Study  of  Fortification 
(cf.  No.  6921,  &c.).  The  last  patient  is  a  stout  and  not  uncomely  woman, 
who  scratches  her  bare  breast.  Her  inscription  is  Driven  mad  by  a  Political 
itching.  She  is  probably  the  Duchess  of  Gordon,  cf.  No.  7490.  The 
patients'  boxes  are  inscribed  incurables. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No.  7377,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  247. 
6JX9i^gin. 

7505  POLITICAL  MONSTERS  GOING  TO  WESTMINSTER. 
Published  Feby  J&^  ijSg,  by  T.  Berry,  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving.  A  series  of  nine  isolated  figures  proceeding  1.  to  r.,  each  with 
name  engraved  below,  and  the  words  spoken,  above ;  all  have  the  legs  and 

hoofs  of  a  satyr ;  the  last  figure  is  that  of  the  Devil.  S y  (Salisbury),  the 

Lord  Chamberlain,  on  the  extreme  1.,  says,  77/  be  President  of  the  new 

Council.  C 1 m  (Chatham),  a  ship  under  his  arm,  says,  A  Provision 

for  me  and  my  Nurse.  C m n  (Carmarthen),  pointing  to  the  r.,  turns 

to  Chatham,  saying,  Pll  be  content  with  that  for  the  present.    S y 

(Sydney),  looking  to  the  r.,  says.  That's  not  enough  for  me.  S ff d 

(Stafford,  Lord  Privy  Seal),  looking  towards  Sydney  as  he  hurries  to  the 

r.,  says,  Pll  be  a  Member  of  the  new  Council.  C m n  (Camden),  his 

arms  folded,  looks  down  with  a  melancholy  expression,  saying,  6000  a 
Year  is  a  Comfort  in  my  old  Age.   He  was  Lord  President  of  the  Council. 

T / w  (Thurlow),  clenching  his  fist  and  clutching  his  forehead, 

says.  Damn  the  Church,  the  Seals  for  me  (cf.  No.  7320).  C 1 y  (Arch- 
bishop Moore),  wearing  lawn  sleeves,  long  gown,  and  mortar-board  cap, 
says,  All  the  Patronage  of  the  Church.  Last,  the  Devil  with  two  heads,  one 
of  which  is  the  frightened  profile  of  Pitt,  says,  Come  along  my  Children,  ask 
what  you  mil  you  shall  have  it. 

A  satire  on  the  Regency  restrictions,  see  No.  7488,  &c.,  and  especially 
on  the  Council  (of  the  great  officers  of  the  Household,  Lord  Chancellor, 
and  Archbishop  of  Canterbury)  which  was  to  advise  the  Queen  in  her 
(non-political)  control  of  the  Household.  It  is  implied  that  by  this  means 
the  political  power  of  the  Pittites  would  be  preserved  in  the  teeth  of  the 
Regent  and  his  Ministers.  See  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  266-7 ;  Pari. 
Hist,  xxvii.  1003  ff.  Cf.  No.  7482,  a  similar  design. 
6iX3o|in. 

588 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

7506  THE  GERMAN  PAWNBROKER;  OR  CONSOLATION  FOR 
THE  CONSTITUTIONAL  CLUB  IN  THE  YEAR  1790. 

[?H.  W.] 

London.    Pub  by  W.  Holland,  at  Garrtck*s  Richardy  iV"  50  Oxford 
Street  Febv  15.  lySg, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  pawnbroker's  shop, 
the  customers  offering  pledges  are  on  the  farther  side  of  a  counter  which 
extends  almost  across  the  design.  On  the  nearer  side  are  (r.)  the  pawn- 
broker, a  stout,  well-dressed  lady,  intended  for  Mrs.  Schwellenberg' 
(though  better-looking  than  in  life  or  caricature),  and  (1.)  the  clerk,  the 
Duke  of  Richmond,  in  regimentals,  standing  at  a  desk,  pen  in  hand. 
Ministers  and  ministerialists  eagerly  offer  their  possessions  (1.  to  r.) :  An 
elderly  man  in  riding-dress,  perhaps  Sir  George  Yonge,  Secretary-at-War, 
proffers  a  pair  of  pistols  to  Richmond,  who  says,  with  a  gesture  of  negation. 
Curse  your  Pistols  take  'em  out  of  my  sight!  I  hate  fire  arms  of  every  kind, 
and  wouldn't  lend  you  a  shilling  on  them!  turn  the  tnuzzles  away  or  I  shall 
expire!  (Richmond  was  supposed  to  be  a  coward,  Nos.  7389,  7535).  Next, 
Chatham,  First  Lord  of  the  Admiralty,  leans  across  the  counter  holding 
out  a  compass  towards  Richmond.  Sir  Joseph  Mawbey  holds  a  large  pig 
on  the  counter,  and  says,  looking  at  the  pawnbroker  (whose  back  is  turned 
to  him).  The  finest  Sow  in  the  County  of  Surrey!  had  thirty  Pigs  last  farrow! 
do  my  Swellyy  lend  me  five  pieces  on  it — he  quiet  my  poor  old  Companion 
you're  as  noisy  as  Drake  or  Rolle.  (Drake,  representing  his  own  borough 
of  Amersham,  appears  to  have  been  an  officious  speaker  and  had  a  most 
powerful  voice.  Pari.  Hist.  xxvi.  1075;  Rolle  (see  No.  6816)  was  irrepres- 
sible on  the  delicate  subject  of  the  Prince's  marriage,  ibid,  xxvii.  1039-40. 
For  Mawbey's  hogs  see  No.  7163,  &c.)  The  next  customer  {}  Macdonald) 
offers  a  legal  wig,  saying.  The  wig  is  not  a  pin  the  worse  for  weary  come  maake 
it  up  a  crown  and  let  me  have  a  duplicate  in  the  name  of  Chopfallefi.  Thurlow, 
wearing  his  wig  but  stripped  to  the  waist,  holds  out  his  shirt,  saying.  Hollo! 
you  old  German  Hell  Caty  don't  keep  me  shivering  here!  give  me  my  flesh  bag 
I  pawn'd  last  monday  for  half  a  crown.  A  silent  and  dignified  customer 
{}  Carmarthen)  offers  a  watch  and  seals.  The  lady's  back  is  turned  to  all 
these  customers:  she  attends  to  Pitt  (r.),  who  takes  off  his  coat,  saying,  / 
protest  I  have  not  worn  it  above  five  times  y  dont  besohardwith  an  old  Friend.  She 
answers,  Fife  times!  cotpless  my  soul  vat  a  liCy  it  be  tret  bare;  I  vil  lend  but  dree 
haf  crowUy  and  I  vood  not  lend  daty  but  dat  I  vant  it  vor  Billy  EdeUy  who  is  font 
of  a  coat  dat  he  can  turn  (see  No.  6815).  Behind  Pitt,  and  on  the  extreme  r., 
is  Dundas,  holding  up  his  tartan  breeches,  and  saying,  Saxpence  is  too  little, 
gi  us  the  other  graat — Oh!  my  poor  affairs  what  a  state  are  ye  reduced  to  ! 

The  space  behind  the  counter  is  divided  by  partitions,  each  wide  enough 
for  one  customer.  Above  these  boxes  is  a  row  of  cupboards  high  up  on 
the  wall.  The  opposite  wall  (1.)  is  covered  with  watches,  &c.,  and  with  the 
ribbons  of  orders  with  their  pendent  jewels ;  in  the  foreground  are  piled 
similar  objects  of  value :  a  ribbon  with  the  jewel  of  an  order,  a  coat  with 
a  star,  swords,  jewels,  plate,  a  violin,  &c. 

A  satire  on  the  anticipated  plight  of  the  Ministry  under  the  Regency, 
cf.  No.  7509;  the  Regency  Bill  was  passed  by  the  Commons  on  12  Feb.  and 
debated  in  the  Lords  on  13,  17,  and  18  Feb.,  but  on  19  Feb.  the  King's 
recovery  was  notified  to  both  Houses.  Richmond  and  Schwellenberg  were 
both  reputed  miserly.  For  the  Constitutional  Club  see  No.  7372. 
i4/gX20  in. 

589 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7507  GOING  IN  STATE  TO  THE  HOUSE  OF  PEERS;  OR,  A 
PICTURE  OF  ENGLISH  MAGNIFICENCE!!! 

[Attributed  to  Rowlandson,  ?  H.  W.],  Designed  by  Meanness  Exe- 
cuted by  Venality. 

London  Pu¥  by  William  Holland,  iV"  50  Oxford  Street  Feby.  15  ijSg. 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 

Europe  of  Political  and  other  Humorous  Prints.  Admittance  One  shilling. 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  seated  in  a  ramshackle  state  coach,  is 
drawn  (1.  to  r.)  by  eight  miserable  hacks;  the  procession  is  watched 
by  Ministers  and  others  from  windows.  On  the  coach  door  are  the 
Prince's  feathers,  upside-down.  One  wheel  is  broken,  the  hammer-cloth 
is  ragged ;  the  harness  consists  partly  of  rope,  partly  of  chains ;  the  horses 
are  of  grotesquely  varying  sizes  and  breeds,  on  one  is  a  saddle.  The  one  dis- 
hevelled postilion  raises  his  whip  to  lash  the  off-leader,  a  veritable  skeleton, 
which  falls  on  its  knees.  The  coachman  and  the  two  footmen  behind  the 
coach  are  lean  and  unsuitably  dressed.  An  angry  crowd  follows  the  coach. 

First-floor  windows,  with  symbolical  placards  between  them,  form  the 
upper  part  of  the  design.  On  the  extreme  1.  the  French  Ambassador, 
Luzerne,  looks  out  in  astonishment,  saying  Diable.  In  the  next  window 
the  lean  and  ugly  Lord  Amherst,  wearing  glasses,  is  absorbed  in  his  com- 
panion, a  fat  lady.  In  the  next  the  Duke  of  Richmond  turns  to  the  Duke 
of  Grafton,  saying.  Well  enough  for  any  of  the  Brunszoick  Race  (an  allusion 
to  their  descent  from  Charles  II,  cf.  Nos.  7388,  7531).  A  print  of  a  lion 
in  a  net,  The  Lion  in  the  Toilsy  divides  their  window  from  one  from  which 
Carmarthen  leans  to  address  Pitt,  saying.  Very  pretty  indeed.  Pitt  (alone 
in  his  window)  answers,  A  very  magnificent  Spectacle  upon  my  honor. 
Between  these  two  is  a  print  of  a  man  in  a  pillory  inscribed  Restrictions. 
Beyond  Pitt  Lord  Hood  leans  out  to  address  Chatham,  saying,  the  great 
Naval  Review  was  nothing  to  it.  Chatham  answers.  Infinitely  superior  to  my 
Father's  funeral.  Between  them  is  a  print  of  a  sinking  ship  struck  by 
lightning  inscribed  The  Chatham  &  Hood  (implying  that  their  tenure  of 

the  Admiralty  was  doomed).  On  the  extreme  r.  is  Thurlow,  saying,  D n 

my  eyes  but  it  eclipses  all  that  has  been  ever  seen  in  Rome  (cf.  No.  7320). 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  Dedicated  toM^P — tt  and  his  26y  liberal  Friends. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  restrictions  of  the  Regency  Bill,  see  No. 
7488,  &c.  The  resolution  of  the  right  of  Parliament  to  appoint  a  regent 
(as  opposed  to  Fox's  claim  of  the  Prince's  indefeasible  right)  was  carried 
on  16  Dec.  by  268  votes  to  204.  For  the  names  of  the  voters  on  both  sides 
see  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  778-82.  For  the  theme  that  the  restrictions  degraded 
the  Regent  in  the  eyes  of  foreign  countries  see  Nos.  7485,  7486,  7487. 

Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7525,  both  resemble  No.  7544. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  247. 
ioJX22fin. 

7508  THE  COMET— 
3f^/[Sayers.] 

18^^  Feby  lySg  PubF  by  Th&  Cornell  Bruton  Street. 

Aquatint.  A  comet  traverses  the  design  diagonally  and  downwards  from 
r.  to  1.  across  an  aquatinted  background ;  the  head  is  that  of  the  Prince  of 

590 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

Wales  in  a  star,  the  tail  contains  the  heads  of  his  disappointed  followers. 
This  broadens  as  it  recedes  from  the  head ;  immediately  after  the  Prince  is 
the  head  of  Sheridan,  with  a  gloomy  expression.  Behind  him  are  Fox, 
with  a  melancholy  smile,  and  Portland,  looking  angry.  After  them  comes 
the  wig  in  back  view  of  Lord  Loughborough  (see  No.  6796).  Next  come 
Stormont  and  (in  profil  perdu)  North.  They  are  followed  by  the  Duke 
of  Queensberry  (one  of  the  'rats')  holding  up  a  quizzing-glass  and  Powys 
with  his  habitual  melancholy  scowl.  Behind  them  are  Lord  Lothian 
(another  *rat'),  Burke,  with  an  angry  frown,  and  the  Duke  of  Norfolk. 
Between  Norfolk  and  Queensberry  is  the  profil  perdu  of  Derby.  They  are 
followed  by  Lord  Sandwich,  Bishop  Watson  of  Llandaff,  and  Sir  Grey 
Cooper.  Next  are  two  clerical  wigs  in  back  view  identified  by  Miss  Banks 
as  Wilson,  Bishop  of  Bristol,  and  Warren,  Bishop  of  Bangor,  while  in  the 
upper  1.  corner  of  the  print  is  the  swarthy  profile  of  Sawbridge.  Beneath 
the  title,  and  on  the  background  which  represents  the  sky,  is  etched:  A 
Return  of  the  Comet  which  appeared  in  iy6i^  is  expected  this  Year  and  to  be 
within  our  horizon  from  the  month  of  Ocf  iy88  to  Aug*  ijSg  but  is  expected 
to  be  most  visible  {if  it  forces  itself  upon  our  Notice)  in  the  Winter  months 
Febry  &  March vide  D^  Trusslers  Almanack 

By  some  of  the  ancient  Astronomers  Comets  were  deemed  Meteors  kindled 
in  the  Air  and  designed  as  Presages  or  unlucky  Omens  of  some  disastrous 
Catastrophe 

The  Peripateticks  deemed  them  not  permament  Bodies  but  bodies  newly 
produced  and  in  a  short  Time  to  perish  again  ^  and  affirmed  that  they  were 
made  up  of  Exhalations  in  the  terrestrial  Regions 

S^  Isaac  Newton  asserts  That  the  Tail  of  a  Comet  is  nothing  else  than  a  fine 
Vapour  which  the  Head  of  the  Comet  emits  by  its  heat  that  Heat  the  Comet 
receives  from  the  Sun  and  the  magnitude  of  the  Tail  is  always  proportional 
to  the  degree  of  heat  which  the  Comet  receives ^  and  Comets  which  are  nearest 
to  the  Sun  have  the  longest  Tails 

The  King's  recovery  was  announced  to  the  House  of  Lords  on  19  Feb., 
but  on  17  Feb.  Fox  wrote  from  Bath,  confident  of  the  Regency,  and  sup- 
posing that  Dr.  Warren  (the  Whig  doctor)  had  been  frightened  into  giving 
favourable  reports.  Russell,  Memorials  and  Correspondence  of  FoXy  ii.  302. 
The  Opposition  had  determined  to  take  office,  even  if  they  held  it  only 
for  twelve  hours.  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  HIj  ii.  116. 
Cf.  No.  7509. 
SfXiifin. 

This  print  was  copied  (in  reverse)  for  the  Regency  of  1811 :  The  Comet 
of  18 II,  Pu¥Jany  1811,  by  T.  Moon,  Westminster.  The  head  of  the  Prince 
is  unaltered.  Lord  Moira  takes  the  first  place  in  the  tail,  Sheridan  the 
second.  It  has  been  attributed  to  Gillray,^  and  the  heads  do  suggest  his 
(failing)  hand. 

7509  THE  REGENCY  TWELFTH  CAKE  NOT  CUT  UP 

J5./ [Bayers.] 

Publ^  by  Tho"  Cornell  ig  Febry  lySg 

Aquatint.  Fox  and  his  party  (T.Q.L.)  surround  a  Twelfth  Night  cake 
which  Weltje  was  about  to  cut  into  portions.  The  cause  of  a  sudden  check 

^  Above  the  final  J  of  the  date  is  a  2 . 

*  In  a  collection  in  the  possession  of  Messrs.  Quaritch,  May  1936. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

to  this  proceeding  is  indicated  by  a  broad  ray  of  light  (which  strikes  the 
cake  and  the  bystanders)  and  by  a  scroll:  The  King  shall  enjoy  his  own 
again.  Weltje  stands  on  the  1.,  his  arms  extended  towards  the  scroll,  saying, 
Den  by  Got  we  sail  heb  no  Cake;  he  drops  his  knife.  He  and  Sheridan  are 
the  most  agitated  of  the  party :  Sheridan  with  a  face  of  despair  looks  up, 
saying,  *'Now  our  Ruin  is  complete'*  School  for  Scandal.  (He  is  Joseph  Sur- 
face as  in  No.  7510,  &c.;  the  actual  words  are  "Tis  now  complete!')  Fox 
stands  disconsolately,  his  hands  in  his  pockets,  his  back  to  the  ray.  Burke 
(r.),  his  arms  folded,  scowls  up  at  the  ray.  Behind  these  three  Stormont, 
Loughborough,  and  Sandwich  (on  the  extreme  r.)  regard  it  with  less  pro- 
nounced despair.  Portland  stands  behind  the  cake,  frowning  fixedly.  The 
centre  of  the  cake  is  ornamented  with  the  Prince  of  Wales's  coronet  and 
feathers  (as  are  Weltje's  buttons);  on  the  centre  feather  is  poised  a  crown. 
The  cake  has  been  marked  in  sections  where  it  is  to  be  cut,  these  are 
inscribed  J*^  Lord  Adrnv  [Sandwich  had  been  considered  for  the  post  and 
also  for  that  of  Ambassador  to  France],  SecreP  State  foreign  [Fox],  SecreP 
State  home  [Stormont],  Payma^  Gen^  [Burke],  J*'  Comm  Board  Control 
and  Treas  Navy  (Sheridan's  arm  extends  across  this,  the  place  intended 
for  him,  pending  a  transfer  to  the  Chancellorship  of  the  Exchequer,  Sir 
G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters^  i.  260-1).  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  '^And  all 
the  People  rejoiced  and  said  "Long  live  the  King". 

A  satire  on  the  dismay  of  the  Opposition  at  the  King's  recovery 
(announced  to  the  House  of  Lords  on  17  Feb.);  for  the  suddenness  with 
which  their  confidence  was  dashed  cf.  No.  7508,  where  the  Regency  Comet 
is  expected  to  last  until  August.  Sheffield  wrote,  19  Feb.,  of  the  Regency 
as  imminent.  Auckland  Correspondence^  ii.  289.  For  the  allotment  of 
places  cf.  Harcourt  Papers ^  iv.  139;  Comwallis  Corr.  i.  406.  A  publication 
of  II  Feb.  1789  ridiculing  Weltje  was  used  to  bring  contempt  on  the 
Prince's  cause  and  followers,  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs^  1884,  v.  307-8,  and 
he  appears  in  many  subsequent  prints  on  the  Regency. 
8iixi2|in. 

7510  JOSEPH  SURFACE  POSTED.  [c.  Feb.  25,  1789^] 

[Dent.]  Designd  by  Misrepresentation  Executed  by  Purchase. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Sheridan  (1.)  writes  false  reports  for  the 
Press :  he  leans  forward  to  write  on  a  paper  placed  saddle-wise  on  the  back 
of  a  demon  who  leans  his  arms  or  paws  on  the  centre  of  a  turnabout  (two 
short  bars  crossing  at  right  angles  which  pivot  on  a  post).  On  the  creature's 
forehead  is  an  ink-pot.  While  writing  busily  with  a  sly  smile  he  hands 
a  paper  inscribed  False  Reports  to  a  winged  demon.  Other  demons  fly  off 
with  similar  papers  inscribed :  Vienna  Bank  Millions  and  Settled  Melan- 
choly ^  while  a  third,  flying  towards  Sheridan,  says,  Recovery  Certain.  The 
demon  on  whom  Sheridan  writes  says,  grinning,  Then  we  are  dam' d  for 
turning  and  poor  Joe  wont  be  better  Posted.  The  turnabout  is  inscribed  Wit's 
last  Stake  and  Literary  Corruption;  its  base  is  Morning  Post.  Sheridan 
writes  Her  political  interference  (his  pen  on  the  last  word).  His  paper  is 
{School  for"]  Scandal.   On  the  r.  is  a  building  with  a  bust  portrait  of  the 

Queen  for  a  signboard,  inscribed  Q C ,  and  surmounted  by  a 

crown.   One  demon  cuts  it  down  with  an  axe,  two  others  pull  at  it  with 

'  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks. 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

ropes.  In  the  foreground  lies  a  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty,  the  staff  inscribed 
Liberty  of  the  Press ^  the  cap,  Licentiousness',  from  it  emerge  two  twined 
serpents  inscribed  Herald  and  Post. 

A  satire  on  the  attacks  in  the  Press  on  the  Queen.  The  Morning  Post, 
18  Jan.,  ostensibly  defending  her,  begins:  'It  has  been  thought  highly 
improper  that  a  certain  Great  Personage  should  attempt  to  alter  the  Reports 
of  the  Physicians  respecting  his  Majesty's  health.'  The  Queen  on  2  Jan. 
insisted  that  Warren  should  add  to  the  bulletin  (his  own  words  to  her) 
*His  Majesty  is  in  a  more  comfortable  state',  which  he  reluctantly  admitted, 
though  refusing  to  allow  that  he  was  better.  Harcourt  Papers,  iv.  126-30. 
This  led  to  accusations  that  the  Queen  had  forced  Warren  to  sign  untrue 
bulletins,  and  her  conduct  was  the  subject  of  inquiry  in  a  parliamentary 
committee.  Ibid.,  pp.  156,  162-4.  ^^^  ^i^  ^-  EHiot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  259, 
Pitt  effectively  defended  her.  Pari.  Hist.  xvii.  940  (16  Jan.). 

The  Morning  Post  was  bought  by  the  Opposition,  which  feared  its 
attacks.  Harcourt  Papers,  iv.  140,  154.  Sheridan  is  said  to  have  drawn  up 
a  scheme  for  the  paper.  John  Taylor,  Records  of  my  Life,  ii.  309-10.  He 
is  treated  with  marked  respect  in  the  paper  during  Jan.  and  Feb.  1789. 
The  Morning  Herald  was  a  Whig  paper.  For  attacks  on  the  Queen  see 
Nos.  7383,  7384,  7486,  7487,  7488,  7498,  and  cf.  Nos.  7906,  8267.  For 
Sheridan  as  Joseph  Surface  cf.  Nos.  7509,  7513,  7528,  7861,  7892.  The 
Wit's  last  Stake  (1769)  was  a  farce  by  Thomas  King  from  the  French  of 
Regnard. 
5x7!  in. 

7511  THE  WISEMEN  OF  IRELAND  ARRIVED  A  DAY  AFTER 
THE  FAIR 

[Dent.] 

Sold  by  W  Moore  Oxford  Street  Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Feb  28^^  ij8g 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  braying  ass,  a  monster  with  six  ass's 
heads  seated  on  its  back,  kicks  violently  with  its  near  hind  leg  at  a  door, 
striking  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers  and  motto  with  which  it  is  decorated. 
From  a  colonnade  beside  the  door  (freely  indicated  and  representing 
Carlton  House)  projects  the  profile  of  Weltje,  saying.  By  Cot  you  may  go 
back — we  have  de  Asses  enough  already — we  vos  no  Regent.  The  ass  retorts, 
No  Regent!  this  comes  because  you  did  not  settle  your  differences  first,  and 
dispute  about  them  afterwards.  The  ass  has  a  saddle-cloth  on  which  is  a  rat 
nibbling  at  a  crown ;  Address  is  inscribed  on  its  hind  quarter.  Round  its 
neck  is  a  rope  inscribed  Grattan's  (the  address  to  the  Prince  was  moved 
by  Grattan).  The  creature  on  its  back  bestraddles  it  with  human  thighs 
clad  in  breeches  inscribed  Extraordinary  Deputation;  from  its  waist  pro- 
trude six  ass's  heads  on  long  snake-like  necks,  two  wearing  coronets.  The 
ass  tramples  on  papers  inscribed  Loyalty  and  Allegiance  and  on  a  broken 
Irish  harp  inscribed  Harmony. 

The  belated  arrival  (25  Feb.)  of  the  Irish  deputation  (cf.  No.  7509)  with 
the  address  offering  the  Prince  of  Wales  the  unrestricted  regency  of  Ireland 
excited  much  ridicule.  A  paragraph  in  the  World  of  26  Feb.  announcing 
their  arrival  and  headed  *A  Day  after  the  Fair!'  may  have  inspired  this 
print.  For  the  Irish  address  see  Lecky,  Hist,  of  England,  1887,  vi.  416- 
29;  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Charlemont  MSS.,  ii.  84.  The  delegates  were 
the  Duke  of  Leinster,  the  Earl  of  Charlemont,  Thomas  Connolly,  M.P.  for 

593  Qq 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Londonderry,  John  O'Neill,  M.P.  for  Antrim,  W.  B.  Ponsonby,  M.P.  for 
Kilkenny,  James  Stuart,  M.P.  for  Tyrone.   See  Nos.  7482  A,  7512,  7513, 
7515.  75i7»  7518,  7519.  7526,  7823. 
5AX7iin. 

7512  IRISH  WOLF  DOGS  PUTTING  ENGLISH  BLOOD  HOUNDS 
TO  FLIGHT!  [c  Feb.  1789] 

[?W.  H.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  lies  on  his  back 
on  an  operating-table  (cf.  No.  7474)  to  which  his  wrists  are  tied.  Ministers 
are  fixing  bonds  upon  him,  but  are  interrupted  by  the  Commissioners  from 
Ireland.  Pitt  is  pulling  tight  a  broad  strap  round  the  Prince's  waist  inscribed 
Belt  of  Chastity y  he  turns  in  surprise  to  Leinster,  wearing  a  ducal  coronet, 
who  threatens  him  with  a  cudgel,  saying.  No  Breeches  Restrictions  you  cold 

blooded  Son  of  a  B !  Shillelee  and  a  free  shop  of  trade  for  ever!  Behind 

Leinster  is  Charlemont  wearing  an  earl's  coronet;  two  of  the  deputation 
from  the  Irish  House  of  Commons  have  followed  their  principals;  one, 
holding  a  club,  says,  Arrah  blood  a  nounSy  my  Lord,  did  you  ever  hear  of 
such  a  restriction  before!  Charlemont  answers.  No,  by  my  soul,  my  jewels 
nor  behind.  Sydney  ties  the  Prince's  arms,  Grafton  (1.)  ties  his  shoulders. 
Richmond  (r.)  ties  his  ankles,  and  Thurlow  his  legs ;  they  look  up  in  alarm 
at  the  entrance  of  the  Irishmen. 

News  that  Commissioners  had  been  appointed  by  the  Irish  Parliament 
on  20  Feb.  to  bring  to  the  Prince  the  Address  of  both  Houses,  offering 
him  an  unrestricted  regency,  appeared  in  the  English  newspapers  on 
26  Feb.  Their  appearance  after  the  King's  recovery  excited  much  ridicule, 
see  No.  751 1,  &c.  Their  address  was  delivered  to  the  Prince  on  27  Feb. 
There  were  many  lampoons  on  Pitt's  chastity. 
9iX  141^6  in. 

7513  THE  IRISH  AUDIENCE, 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Wit,  Executed  by  Bulls  and  Rats 

Sold  by  W  Moore  Oxford  Street  Pub  by  W  Dent  March  2^  lySg 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  rises  from  his 
chair  to  receive  the  six  Commissioners  from  Ireland,  who  are  headless 
asses,  on  their  hind  legs  and  very  erect,  wearing  coats  and  breeches. 
Sheridan  kneels  behind  the  Prince's  chair,  speaking  to  him  through  a 
speaking-trumpet  inscribed  Answer  which  rests  on  the  back  of  his  head. 
Above  Sheridan's  head  is  a  placard:  The  Art  of  Writing  and  Speaking 
taught  by  J.  Surface  [cf.  No.  y^  10]  from  Drury  Lane,  Preceptor  General  at 
the  Pillars  [Carlton  House]  &  Successor  to  the  Celebrated  Reynard.  Beneath 
him  is  the  inscription: 

"  When  House  and  Land  are  gone  and  spent" 

*'Then  learning  is  most  excellent." 
The  two  asses  who  head  the  delegation  wear,  one  a  ducal  coronet 
(Leinster),  the  other  an  earl's  coronet  (Charlemont) ;  each  is  supported  on 
a  stick.  Leinster,  who  wears  a  ribbon  and  star,  holds  a  thread  attached  to 
a  document  inscribed  Address  supported  on  a  pair  of  wings  and  flying 
towards  the  Prince.  The  wings  are  inscribed  Arrived  just  soon  enough  to 
be  too  late.   Leinster's  leg  is  inscribed  Six  Extraordinary  Irish  Bulls  or  in 

594 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

plain  English  Amazing  Asses,  He  is  labelled  Paddy  the  Regent  Maker.  The 
four  commoners  (see  No.  751 1)  stand  behind  them  in  a  row;  behind  their 
backs  and  on  the  extreme  r.  appears  the  profile  of  Weltje  (cf.  No.  7509), 
saying,  By  Cot  de  Ambassadors  vos  carry  vid  de  high  head  dere  disappoint- 
ment— pity  ve  vos  have  noting  for  dem.  On  the  wall  is  a  picture  of  Gilpin 
on  horseback:  Gilpin' s  Journey  to  Ware  and  back  again  (see  No.  6886,  &c.). 
The  Prince's  chair  is  on  a  dais,  on  its  back  are  the  feathers  and  motto  Ich 
dien.  Below  the  title  is  etched : 

And  Joe  SurfacCy  Manager ^  Author y  Actor^  Prompter  arid  Machinist  all 
himself  y  exhibiting^  for  the  first  timCy  a  very  curious 

SPEAKING  FIGURE, 

to  a  select  party  of  his  own  dear  Countrymen^  which  ^  worked-up  zvith  a  sur- 
prising exertion  of  Art,  is  so  simple  that  it  may  be  easily  managed  by  Pro- 
fessional Men,  in  conveying  the  Voice  through  the  medium  of  a  trumpet  to 

a  copious  cavity  in  the  Head,  so  as  to  deceive  the  Public. It  was  intended 

for  Show  at  a  Crown  exhibition,  and  would  have  proved  a  valuable  acquisition 
to  the  Manager  and  his  Company,  but  being  thought,  at  present,  a  Thing  too 
wonderful  &  extraordinary  for  general  performance,  as  it  might  excite  & 

encourage  Idleness  &  Extravagance,  a  Licence  was  refused  for  the  Purpose 

God  save  the  King send  him  Health  and  Prosperity Amen 

For  the  Irish  Commissioners  appointed  to  ofl^er  the  Prince  an  unre- 
stricted regency  see  No.  751 1,  &c.  They  presented  the  address  on  27  Feb., 
the  day  the  King  was  declared  *free  from  complaint'.  Wraxall,  Memoirs, 
1884,  V.  327.  The  transaction  was  regarded,  according  to  Grenville,  as  *the 
most  absurd  and  ridiculous  farce.  It  is  impossible  to  describe  how  much 
and  how  universally  their  Excellencies  are  laughed  at'.  Buckingham, 
Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III. 

The  Prince's  tactful  answer  to  the  deputation  (see  No.  75 11,  &c.)  was 
attributed  by  the  Morning  Herald,  2  March,  to  Loughborough  and  Thur- 
low;  by  the  World,  2  March  (satirically),  to  Sheridan  in  party  conclave. 
Buckingham  wrote  28  March :  */  know  that  the  answer  given  by  .  .  .  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  and  the  addresses  in  answer,  were  drawn  by  your  M^ 
Sheridan.  .  .  .'  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Dropmore  Papers,  1892,  i.  439.  For 
the  Prince  as  Sheridan's  mouthpiece  see  also  No.  7493. 
7Xi8i«gin. 

7514  A  SWEATING  FOR  OPPOSITION  BY  D^  W— LLIS  DOMI- 
NISWEATY  AND  CO. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  6  lySg  by  S.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly  ^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  doctors  (1.)  stoke  the  fires  of  a  row 
of  seven  cylindrical  vessels  or  furnaces  from  which  their  patients  (H.L.) 
emerge.  These  recede  slightly  in  perspective  from  r.  to  1.  On  the  extreme 

r.  is  Burke  {B e),  drooping  dejectedly,  and  saying.  By  Jasus  I  have  got 

no  Juice  left.  Next  him  Fox  (F — x)  declaims,  hat  in  hand,  /  have  sweated 
enough.  Sheridan  (S n)  gesticulates  furiously  with  clenched  fists,  say- 
ing. This  is  Scandalous  the  Baily's  have  sufficiently  sweated  me  (executions 

in  Sheridan's  house  were  frequent).    Next  him  is  the  Prince  (P ), 

clasping  his  hands,  and  saying,  /  suppose  they  call  this  a  Regency  Sweat.  A 

young  woman  on  his  r.,  M^^  J n,  (}  Jordan)  says  /  sweat  with  desire. 

Next   is    {W e)   Weltje   (cf.    No.   7509),   saying,   /  never  sweat  so 

595 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

much  at  Cooking  in  all  my  Life.  On  the  extreme  I.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert 
{F — T — J"),  her  arms  extended  in  a  frenzy,  says,  And  I  with  Jealousy  what 
disregard  the  Marriage  Rights.  On  the  ground,  below  their  patients,  are 
the  two  doctors:  Willis  on  the  extreme  1.,  indicated  by  his  clerical  bands, 
holds  coal  on  a  shovel,  while  Dominicetti,  wearing  a  nightcap,  kneels  on 
one  knee  to  stir  up  the  furnace  under  Sheridan  with  a  long  poker.  On 
the  r.  is  a  Coal  Tub.  Clouds  of  steam  rise  from  the  baths. 

A  satire  on  the  disappointment  of  the  Prince  and  his  friends  at  the  King's 
recovery  (cf.  Nos.  7394,  7509),  in  which,  however.  Dr.  Willis  is  associated 
with  the  quack  Dominicetti.  His  reports,  more  favourable  than  those  of 
his  colleagues,  had  been  distrusted  by  the  Opposition.  Dominicetti  had 
in  the  garden  of  his  house  (6  Cheyne  Walk,  Chelsea)  *an  elegant  brick 
building',  in  which  were  baths  and  fumigating  stoves.  He  advertised  his 
vaporous  baths  widely.  Faulkner,  Hist.  ^  Chelsea,  1810,  pp.  427-9. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  248. 
8fXi2iiin. 

7515  THE  IRISH  AMBASSADORS  EXTRAORDINARY.   A  GAL- 
LANTE  SHOW. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  7.  lySg  by  S  Fores  N""  3  Piccaddilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  six  Commissioners  from  Ireland 
seated  on  bulls,  facing  and  clutching  the  tails  of  the  animals  (as  in  Gillray's 
Paddy  J  No.  5605),  gallop  towards  the  fa9ade  of  Carlton  House,  where  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  and  the  Duke  of  York  (r.)  look  from  behind  pillars  at  the 
embarrassing  deputation.  Their  leader,  Leinster  (1.),  holds  a  long  docu- 
ment, saying.  Aye  Aye  the  M of  B k m  zvill  remember  me  when 

I  go  back.  The  others  say  (1.  to  r.),  By  Jasus  the  folks  stare  at  us  as  they  do 
at  Wild  beastises ;  Lord  what  a  nice  Errand  is  this  make  him  Regent  whether 

or  no  \  I  say  my  Friend  C n y  [Connolly]  we  shall  be  there  the  Day 

before  the  Fair;  Well?  Yes  I  dare  say  well  why  he  was  so  bad  he  could  say 
nothing  but  What,  What,  What,  when  we  left  Dublin  (it  was  noted  (8  Feb.) 
as  a  sign  of  the  King's  recovery  that  he  had  resumed  his  habitual  'What, 
what',  a  phrase  never  used  during  his  illness,  F.  Greville,  Diaries,  p.  213); 
What  no  occasion  for  a  R — g — t  then  by  Jasus  we  will  go  back  again  and  tell 
the  Lads  we  are  all  mad  &  by  the  Lord  'tis  my  opinion  we  are  come  over  for 
nothing  at  all  at  all.  The  bulls  are  being  urged  on  by  two  men  in  court- 
suits  with  long  rat's  tails  to  show  that  they  are  'rats'.  They  are  (1.)  D  .  .  . 

Q ,  the  Duke  of  Queensberry,  and  (r.)  M s  L ,  Marquis  of 

I^othian.  From  an  upper  window  on  the  extreme  r.,  inscribed  Pall  Mall 
Ordinary,  Weltje  (cf.  No.  7509)  looks  down  at  the  scene,  saying,  Begar  I 
must  go  prepare  more  Sourer  out  for  dese  Wild  Bullocks. 

For  the  'Irish  Ambassadors'  see  No.  751 1,  &c.  Leinster  took  precedence 
from  his  rank,  but  Charlemont  was  the  moving  spirit  and  a  strong  opponent 
of  the  Marquis  of  Buckingham  (whose  refusal  to  forward  the  Address  to 
the  Regent  had  caused  the  deputation).  For  the  two  'rats'  see  Wraxall, 
Memoirs,  1884,  v.  242-3,  330-1.  Their  defection  was  marked  because 
Queensberry  was  a  Lord  of  the  Bedchamber  and  Lothian  was  colonel  of 
the  I  St  Life  Guards,  cf.  Nos.  7526,  7623. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  248-9. 
9Jxi4iin. 

596 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 
7516  EDWARD  THE  BLACK  PRINCE  RECEIVING  HOMAGE. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  March  i&^  by  W.  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street.  lySg  as  the  Act 
directs. 

Engraving.  Thurlow  (1.),  seated  in  an  armchair,  receives  the  homage  of 
a  lawyer  in  wig  and  gown  who  kneels  before  him.  He  wears  a  royal  crown 
on  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  holds  a  sceptre.  His  hands  are  the  paws  of  a 
bear,  one  of  which  the  kneeling  man  takes.  They  look  suspiciously  at  each 
other.  Behind  Thurlow  is  a  draped  curtain.  On  the  wall  is  a  picture 
inscribed  Bloody  representing  Thurlow  running  off  with  the  crown.  (Fox 
also  was  depicted  as  Blood,  see  No.  7354.) 

Grego  identifies  the  kneeling  man  as  Adam ;  it  is  more  probable  that  he 
is  Arden  (whom  he  resembles),  whose  appointment  as  Master  of  the  Rolls 
Thurlow  had  opposed,  see  No.  7334,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  248. 

Sjxiaf  in. 


7517  BARATARIA. 

J5/[Sayers.] 

Puhl^  11*^  March  lySg  by  Th&  Cornell  Brutm  Street 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales  is  seated  in  a  magnificent  dining-hall 
before  a  bare  table.  The  Duke  of  Leinster  (r.)  off^ers  him  across  the  table 
a  dish  oi  Potatoes  from  Leinster  \  the  Prince  extends  his  arms  to  take  them, 
but  turns  his  head  to  look  at  the  forbidding  Thurlow,  dressed  as  a  doctor, 
who  stands  (1.)  on  his  r.  Thurlow  points  authoritatively  to  the  potatoes 
with  the  head  of  his  cane,  saying,  Take  back  the  Irish  Potatoes.  The  Prince 
says  with  a  peevish  expression :  If  I  must  not  have  the  roast  Beef  [the  English 
Regency]  let  me  have  y  Potatoes  Doctor  I  have  paid  for  them.  On  the 
extreme  r.,  behind  Leinster,  Sheridan,  with  a  melancholy  expression,  tries 
to  take  a  dish  containing  a  sirloin  from  a  beefeater,  who  says.  This  belongs 
to  my  Master  Sir.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  Weltje  (cf.  No.  7509),  dressed  as 
a  cook,  stands  looking  at  the  Prince,  his  hands  clasped  in  dismay,  saying, 
By  Got  now  we  sail  not  heb  our  Desert.  Two  colonnades  of  pillars  recede 
in  perspective  behind  the  Prince ;  on  the  plinth  of  one  is  a  relief  of  Tantalus 
vainly  trying  to  drink  from  the  vessel  at  his  lips.  In  the  foreground  (centre) 
are  two  dogs  coupled  together,  one  is  Burke,  in  spectacles,  looking  hungrily 
at  the  bare  table,  the  other  is  Fox,  turning  his  back  on  the  table  and 
straining  away  from  Burke.  The  Prince's  chair  is  surmounted  by  his 
coronet  and  feathers.  On  a  chain  round  Leinster's  neck  hangs  a  crowned 
Irish  harp  attached  to  the  order  of  St.  Patrick  with  its  significant  motto, 
Quis  separa[bit]. 

For  the  Irish  offer  to  the  Prince  of  an  unrestricted  Regency  see  No. 
751 1,  &c.  Ireland  was  called  Barataria  (Sancho  Panza's  province)  in  Bara- 
tarianay  letters  by  Flood,  Grattan,  &c.,  1771,  in  imitation  of  those  of 
Junius,  cf.  Nos.  5133,  5134.  Baratariana;  or^  Sancho  turn'd  Governor^ 
1785,  was  a  popular  farce  by  F.  Pilon. 
iijxi2jin. 

597 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7518  IRISH  AMBASSADORS  EXTRAORDINARY!!! 

[  ?  Rowlandson.]  [March  1789] 

In  a  few  days  will  he  Pub^  the  return  of  the  Embassadors. 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7519.  A  procession  of  seven  men 
riding  galloping  bulls;  the  leader  (r.)  is  a  bishop  (St.  Patrick)  wearing  a 
mitre  and  carrying  a  cross;  he  has  a  beard,  and  says,  Make  haste j  my  dear 
Honeys.  The  others  are  the  six  'Ambassadors';  all  wear  fool's  caps,  all 
flourish  shillelaghs,  and  all  carry  sacks  of  potatoes  at  their  backs.  Their 
leader,  who  wears  a  ducal  coronet,  says  No  Restrictions^  hy  the  Holy  Cross 
of  S^  Patrick!!!  His  sack  is  labelled  Leinster  potatoes.  Next,  wearing  an 
earl's  coronet,  is  Charlemont;  he  stoops  over  his  bull's  neck,  saying,  We'll 
let  the  English  see  what  Upright  Members  zve  have  in  Ireland;  never  lose  an 
Inch  in  any  Engagement!  His  sack  is  labelled  Ulster  Potatoes.  The  next 
'Ambassador'  says,  Christ  Jasus  how  our  majority  will  astonish  the  young 
King.  The  bull  of  the  next  man  snorts  and  kicks,  and  his  potatoes  pour 
from  the  sack ;  he  says.  Damn  my  blood  I  shall  lose  all  my  Potatoes!  The 
next  turns  round  to  speak  to  the  last  rider,  saying.  By  my  own  soul  my  dear 
I  was  told  that  he  [the  King]  was  recovering  very  fast.  His  sack  is  Apple 
Potatoes.  The  last  man  answers,  all  Shittle  comeshite!  by  my  own  salvation 
he's  as  mad  as  a  March  hare.  His  sack  is  Munster  Potatoes, 

For  the  Irish  Commissioners  see  No.  751 1,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  249. 
6JX3oJin. 

7519  THE  AMBASSADORS   EXTRAORDINARY  RETURN,   OR 
BULLS  WITHOUT  HORNS. 

[  ?  Rowlandson.] 

Pub^  March  i&^  lySg  by  S  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  sequel  to  No.  7518.  The  seven  men 
ride  (r.  to  1.)  on  asses,  a  signpost  (r.)  pointing  To  Dublin ;  they  carry  Regency 
cakes  in  place  of  potatoes.  On  the  extreme  1.  three  men  lean  eagerly  forward, 
one  shouts :  What  newSy  What  News  the  tidings  tell  make  haste  and  tell  us  all^ 
Say  why  are  Thus  mounted  Is  Regent  come  and  all.  St.  Patrick,  whose  gallop- 
ing donkey  has  a  head-dress  of  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers,  answers, 

By  Jasus  Vll  tell  you  all  in  no  time  why  you  must  know  the  K g  is  better 

than  the  Reg 1  that  is  all.   Next  comes  Charlemont,  identified  by  his 

earl's  coronet;  his  donkey  kicks  violently;  he  says.  Oh  by  Christ  Master 
Walgee  [Weltje,  cf.  No.  7509]  made  us  such  Regents  and  Regency  Cakes.  The 
Duke  of  Leinster  follows,  shouting.  Aye  my  Lads  D^  Wallosus  [Willis]  has 
done  the  K g  over  and  the  Reg 1  wont  take  it.  The  third  Com- 
missioner says.  The  English  Lads  were  so  merry  by  my  Shoul  they  were 
always  a  laughing  at  us.  The  next  man  puts  his  legs  into  the  panniers  of 
his  ass,  which  is  falling  on  its  knees,  and  says.  Embassadors  Extraordinary 
by  S^  Patrick^  but  Fve  forgot,  what  we  have  done.  The  last  answers.  Done 
why  carried  the  Address  and  brought  it  back  agaifi  with  all  these  Cakes.   A 

Da md  deal  better  than  Pottatoes. 

For  the  'Irish  Ambassadors'  see  No.  751 1,  &c.  They  were  much  enter- 
tained by  the  Prince,  the  Duke  of  York,  and  the  French  Ambassador. 
London  Chronicle^  3  March;  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  277-8.  They 

598 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

were  reputed  to  return  to  Ireland  with  many  promises  from  the  Prince : 
'Duke  of  Leinster  the  Garter;  Lord  Charlemont  a  Duke  . . .,  M*"  Ponsonby 
Speaker  and  the  conduct  of  the  House  of  Commons.^  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.f 
Dropmore  Papers y  1892,  i.  440. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTiy  i.  251. 
7iX25f  in. 

7520  BEHOLD,  HE  PRAYETH. 

Pub.  April  I.  lySg  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Thurlow  (r.),  in  profile  to  the  r.,  kneels 
in  prayer  at  a  table  on  which  the  head  of  the  mace  is  visible.  He  wears  his 
Chancellor's  robes  and  says,  When  I  forsake  my  King,  May  God  forsake  me. 
A  demon,  clutching  his  shoulder,  says.  Well  said  Old  Boy!  You're  a  true 
Disciple.  Two  smaller  imps,  flying  above  his  head,  say,  Oh!  rare!  he  is 
a  precious  Brother^  and.  How  well  he  has  learned  his  Lesson.  Behind  him 
are  seated  eight  bishops,  as  if  in  the  House  of  Lords,  they  say  (1.  to  r.) : 
[i]  Who  w'od  have  ever  thought  to  have  heard  him  pray ;  [2]  What  a  Hypo- 
crite! a  second  Cardinal  Wolsey! ;  [3]  /  thought  he  never  called  on  God  but  to 
curse  Mankind!  [cf.  No.  7320] ;  [4]  One  wo'd  almost  think  he  was  in  earnest  \ 
[5]  Yes  if  it  did  not  seem  so  odd  To  hear  him  talking  about  God;  [6]  Surely 
he  thinks  to  reform;  [7]  Pshaw!  Pshaw!  he  means  only  to  serve  this  Turn; 
[8]  This  Farce  wo'nt  do  in  these  Enlightned  Days.  A  panelled  wall  forms  a 
background. 

A  satire  on  Thurlow's  famous  words  (usually  given  as  'forget'  not  'for- 
sake') in  the  debate,  15  Dec,  when  he  declared  (weeping)  his  adherence 
to  the  King  (after  his  intrigues  with  the  Prince,  see  No.  7377).  Pari.  Hist, 
xxvii.  680;  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt ^  i.  326-7;  Wraxall,  Memoirs ^  1884,  v. 
222-3.  Cf-  L^f^  ^f  WilberforcCy  1838,  i.  385-7.  In  his  speech  of  27  Jan. 
(see  No.  7499)  Burke's  famous  reference  to  "The  iron  tears  which  flowed 
down  Pluto's  cheek  .  .  .'  (Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  117)  was  to  this  speech  of 
Thurlow.  Cf.  No.  8098. 

8fXi3m. 

7520  A  Another  impression,  Fores 's  name  erased  and  replaced  by  'Burch 
Strand'  in  ink. 

7521  THE  ROCHESTER  ADDRESS  OR  THE  CORPORATION 
GOING  TO  EAT  ROAST  PORK  AND  OYSTERS  WITH  THE 
R— G— T. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub'^  April  4.  lySg  by  S.  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  strip  design  of  a  procession  (1.  to  r.) 
of  isolated  figures,  the  names  etched  beneath,  the  words  spoken  above,  as 
in  No.  7482.  The  stout  M—t — ws  M—y—r  (Matthews,  Mayor)  heads  the 
procession,  he  carried  a  pole  across  his  shoulder  on  one  end  of  which  is 
the  Rochester  Address^  a  large  yellow  (buflF)  placard,  decorated  with  blue 
ribbons,  at  the  other  end  a  bundle  of  wood ;  he  says  ///  send  him  some  Chips 

(suggesting  a  post  in  the  Dockyard).   He  is  followed  by  A n  Sp e 

(Alderman  Spice  or  Spence),  an  obese  tallow-chandler,  carrying  a  bunch 

599 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

of  candles,  and  saying,  Fll  assist  him  with  my  long  Sixes.  Next  is  a  very- 
lean  apothecary  with  a  large  syringe,  A n  T — m — n  (Alderman  Thomp- 
son), saying,  he  stand  in  Need  of  my  Preventative,  These  three  and  the  last 

man  wear  civic  gowns.   Next  is  A n  Fr — w — r  who  turns  the  tap  of  a 

cask  held  under  his  arm,  saying.  Aye  Aye  he  shall  have  some  Chatham  Butt. 
Next  is  P — t — ce  (Prentice),  with  three  bottles  of  wine ;  he  turns  to  say  to 
the  barber  who  follows  him,  ///  give  him  13  to  the  Dozen  and  all  sour. 
F — n — s  (as  a  'flying  barber*,  cf.  No.  6834),  carries  a  wig  box,  a.  covered 
pot  of  hot  water,  and  a  barber's  bowl  under  his  arm,  saying,  Fll  shave  him 

I  warrant  you.  A  lean  and  elderly  lawyer  Sp ks  (Sparks)  follows,  A  case 

in  Law  protruding  from  his  pocket;  he  says,  Fll  beg  to  speak  to  Sherry  for 
his  business  y  bailing  Actions ,  Demands  writs  of  error  &c  That  is  if  he' I  promise 
to  see  me  paid.  A  foppish  man,  B — st — w  (Bristow),  with  his  hands  thrust 
in  his  breeches  pockets,  says,  he  shall  never  be  tried  by  the  Court  of  Con- 
science (a  court  for  the  recovery  of  small  debts).  The  next  man  R — b — n 
(Robinson),  also  fashionably  dressed,  holds  up  a  small  rectangular  object, 
saying.  There  are  your  right  sort  none  of  your  Quack.   The  last  man,  very 

obese,  A n  N — h — n  (Alderman  Nicholson),  holds  a  brick  and  a  trowel, 

saying,  /  hope  to  have  a  Job  to  make  him  some  Fortifications. 

The  point  of  this  satire  is  obscure.  On  27  March  representatives  of  the 
City  of  Rochester  presented  an  address  not  to  the  Prince,  but  to  the  King 
on  'his  late  happy  recovery*,  one  of  the  many  which  were  pouring  in  from 
places  large  and  small.  The  identifications  have  been  made  in  a  con- 
temporary hand.  For  the  Rochester  Corporation  see  No.  7552. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  251-2. 
6|X26iin. 

7522  RESTORATION  DRESSES. 
[?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub  April!  22  lySg  by  S  W Fores  AT*'  3  Piccadilly  Whare  may  be  had  the 
Funeral  Prosession^  of  Miss  Regency  &  the  prosession  to  St  Pauls^ 

Engraving.  Four  ladies,  fashionably  dressed,  with  elaborate  head-dresses 
decorated  with  loyal  mottoes,  stand  in  a  row.  One  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r. 
wears  a  broad-brimmed  hat  with  a  high  cylindrical  crown  and  a  brim  with 
a  curtain  of  lace,  trimmed  with  feathers  and  ribbons  inscribed  Save  the  Kingy 
Live  the  [King],  and  Regoice  [sic].  On  a  bracelet  are  the  letters  G.R,  and 
on  the  ends  of  a  ribbon  sash  medallions  inscribed  The  King  Restor[ed]  and 
Live  the  King.  She  resembles  Lady  Archer,  one  of  the  Prince's  set.  Next 
is  a  lady  in  back  view ;  a  large  bow  in  her  hat  is  inscribed  Long  Live  the 
King  G.R. ;  her  hair  is  tied  with  a  G.R  ribbon.  The  next  lady,  full-face, 
appears  to  be  in  court  dress ;  across  the  front  of  her  coiffure  with  its  feathers 
and  flowers  is  a  broad  ribbon :  The  King  Restored;  she  holds  a  fan  on  which 
is  a  profile  portrait  of  the  King.  The  last,  similarly  dressed,  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  wears  a  tower-like  erection  on  her  head  round  which  is  a  spiral 
ribbon  inscribed  God  Save  the  King,  on  her  sleeve  is  a  band  inscribed  G.R. 
These  emblems,  which  succeeded  the  'Regency  caps'  previously  worn 
by  the  Prince's  party  (Harcourt  Papers,  iv.  178,  180,  200,  216),  were  much 
worn.  Elliot  writes,  26  March,  of  the  drawing-room  held  by  the  Queen 
on  that  day,  *All  the  women,  with  only  two  or  three  exceptions,  had  caps 

*  Death  has  been  struck  out  and  Funeral  Prosession  inserted  with  a  caret. 

*  The  words  to  St  Pauls  have  been  etched  above  of  the  Train. 

600 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

with  "God  save  the  King!"  on  them — our  ladies  as  well  as  the  others.  All 
of  us  [Foxites]  went  to  Court.'  Life  and  Letters ^  i.  288.  The  dresses  (of 
individuals)  are  described  in  the  London  Chronicle^  27  March:  'the  ladies 
wore  nearly  the  same  kind  of  uniform  caps  .  .  .  chiefly  of  crepe,  with  large 
plumes  of  white  ostrich  feathers  ...  in  all  head  dresses  were  bandeaus  of 
embroidered  velvet  with  the  motto  of  "God  save  the  King".*  See  also 
No.  7523. 
9fXi4f  in. 

7523  RESTORATION  DRESSING  ROOM 
[?  Kingsbury.] 

Pu¥  Aprill  24  lySg  hy  SW  Fores  AT"  3  Piccadilly  whare  may  he  had 
the  funeral  prossession  of  Miss  Regency 

Engraving.  Three  ladies  are  adorning  themselves  with  the  emblems  of 
loyalty  which  were  generally  worn  to  celebrate  the  King's  recovery,  see 
No.  7522.  A  stout  and  smiling  lady,  resembling  Mrs.  Hobart,  puts  her 
foot  on  a  stool  to  tie  a  garter :  R[ejoi]ce  He  Live.  The  clock  on  her  stocking 
is  embroidered  with  the  Prince's  feathers.  Long  live  the  King  adorns  her 
hair,  GR  is  on  her  sleeves,  the  ends  of  a  sash  ribbon  have  profile  medallions 
of  the  King.  A  handsome  lady  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  before  a  dressing- 
table,  a  maid  (1.)  pulls  a  stay-lace,  a  pendent  garter  is  inscribed  Restoration ; 
in  her  hair  is  God  save  the  King.  The  third  lady,  also  handsome,  is  seated 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  a  fashionably  dressed  barber  on  the  extreme  r.  is  dressing 
her  hair;  she  wears  a  cap  with  three  ostrich  feathers,  her  clocked  stocking 
has  the  Prince's  emblem,  she  is  tying  a  garter  inscribed  Vive  le  Roi.  On  a 
slipper  beside  her  are  the  letters  G.R.  On  the  floor  in  the  foreground  is 
a  large  ribbon  favour :  GR  and  Our  Prayers  are  heard  he  lives. 
9JXi4^in. 

7524  CITY  HORSEMANSHIP  OR  PROCESSION  TO  ST.  PAUL'S. 
[Dent.] 

Sold  hy  W  Moore  A^"  308  Oxford  Street— April  28^  iy8g  Pu¥   hy 
W  Dent  April  28^  iy8g 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satirical  representation  of  the  City 
contingent  in  the  King's  thanksgiving  procession  to  St.  Paul's  on  23  April, 
the  houses  of  ( ?)  the  south  side  of  Fleet  Street  forming  a  background.  The 
crowd  is  dense.  Five  citizens  in  livery  gowns  are  followed  by  the  Lord 
Mayor  (William  Gill)  in  his  robes  holding  erect  the  City  Sword.  The 
bridles  of  their  horses  are  inscribed  God  save  the  Kingy  their  saddle-cloths 
are  decorated  with  the  City  arms.  A  stout  man  holds  the  Mayor's  horse 
and  also  his  1.  leg.  The  two  sheriffs,  William  Curtis  and  Sir  Benjamin 
Hammet,  carrying  staves,  ride  together  in  front  of  the  Mayor;  a  man  lies 
on  his  back  in  the  foreground  as  if  knocked  down  by  one  of  the  riders. 
Of  the  four  Common  Councilmen  who  formed  the  rest  of  the  contingent 
only  three  are  depicted :  a  single  rider  in  front  of  the  sheriffs  has  lost  both 
his  stirrup  and  his  top-boot,  which  lies  on  the  ground;  the  foremost  pair, 
on  the  extreme  1.,  have  knocked  down  one  of  the  citizen  soldiers  who  lined 
the  route,  and  have  broken  his  wooden  leg.  Another  casualty  is  indicated 

601 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

by  a  tray  of  Birch's  Puffs  ^  all  a  penny  apiece  (cf.  No.  7681),  which  lies  on 
the  ground  on  the  extreme  1.  The  near  rider  wears  a  shoe,  his  top-boot 
is  attached  to  the  horse  (Hke  a  gambado,  see  No.  7231).  On  his  hat  is  the 
dial  of  a  clock  (?  Le  Mesurier,  cf.  No.  7681).  On  his  companion's  hat  is 
a  pie  or  puff,  he  is  Birch,  the  confectioner,  one  of  the  deputation.  All 
the  (circus)  horses  have  long  tails.  The  front  rank  of  the  dense  crowd  is 
formed  of  the  City  militia,  of  most  unsoldierly  appearance,  their  muskets 
held  at  different  angles,  their  dress  far  from  uniform  (cf.  No.  7613,  &c.). 
Spectators  look  from  the  windows  of  three  houses  on  which  are  many 
inscriptions.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  house  with  two  placards.  Seats  to  Lety 
and  This  day  will  be  presented  the  constant  Couple  [cf.  No.  6918]  with  Peep- 
ing Tom.  (O'Keefe.)  The  windows  are  crowded  and  from  one  hangs  a 
banner :  God  save  the  King.  The  next  house  is  also  inscribed  Seats  to  let. 
It  has  G.R.  (reversed)  with  a  crown  (for  illumination).  Next  comes  a  side 
street,  packed  with  spectators.  The  corner  house  on  its  r.  is  much  decor- 
ated :  R.G.  (reversed)  on  each  side  of  a  portrait  of  the  King,  inscribed  Vive 
le  Royy  a  loyal  banner  and  Thanksgiving  seats  to  let  above  God  save  the  King. 
The  next  house  is  unadorned  except  for  the  inscriptions:  Seats  to  let  \ 
Grand  Procession  \  Peep  holes  \  Three  Guineas  each.  The  windows  are  com- 
paratively empty  and  in  the  two  on  the  second  floor  are  only  a  dog  and  a 
cat.  The  next  has  a  bay  window  on  the  first  floor  packed  with  spectators 
and  adorned  with  God  save  the  King.  Above  are  two  placards :  Seats  with 
Refreshments  at  £i.  is.  o  each  and  Prospect  unlimited.  The  next  has  Seats 
to  lety  a  star  (for  illumination)  and  a  loyal  banner.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  part 
of  a  house  showing  three  windows  with  one  spectator  only,  placarded  Seats 
to  let  and  St.  George^s  Day — Seats  to  let  at  2-2-0. 

The  high  charges  for  seats  are  clearly  satirized,  the  individual  houses 
apparently  being  indicated.  The  Lord  Mayor  met  the  King  at  Temple 
Bar,  presented  him  with  the  City  Sword  which  was  returned,  when  the 
Lord  Mayor,  attended  by  the  Sheriffs  and  four  Common  Councilmen, 
preceded  the  King  to  St.  Paul's.  The  Lord  Mayor  is  described  as  manag- 
ing his  horse  with  'great  skill  and  dexterity',  but  Hammet  and  the  four 
Common  Councilmen  rode  horses  'provided  ...  by  Mr  Hughes'  (circus- 
proprietor),  so  probably  the  gibe  at  their  horsemanship  was  warranted. 
London  Chronicle ,  24  Apr. ;  Ann.  Reg.,  lySg,  pp.  249-51 ;  Jesse,  George  III, 
1867,  iii.  1 16-19.  For  the  scene  in  St.  Paul's  see  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and 
Letters,  i.  303-5.  See  also  Nos.  7525,  7536.  For  the  theme  of  city  horse- 
manship cf.  No.  6886,  &c.  (John  Gilpin). 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxxi. 
8^X15  J  in. 

7525  THE  GRAND  PROCESSION  TO  S^  PAUL'S  ON  ST  GEORGE'S 
DAY  1789. 

[Attributed  to  Rowlandson,  ?  H.  W.] 

London  Published  by  William  Holland,  Printseller,  N""  50  Oxford 
Street,  April  2g,  lySg  hi  Holland's  Caricature  Exhibition  Rooms y 
may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of  Political  and  other  humorous 
Prints — Admittance  i  Shilling 

Just  Pu¥  Old  Maids  of  Quality  at  a  Cafs  Funeral;  Irish  Ambassadors 
Extraordinary;  Irish  Ambassadors  returning  to  Dublin;  An  Irish 
Bull  bait  in  England;^  the  Pitt  fall;  The  Prospect  before  us;  S^ 

6o2 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

Stephen^ s  Mad  House;  Going  in  State  to  the  House  of  Peers;  State 
Butchers;  the  Corporation  of  Roch — er  returning  from   Carl — n 

House;  the  Vice  Q n^s  delivery  in  Dublin^  &c. 

To  be  had  at  N""  50  Oxford  Street — the  Prince's  Bow — Meeting  an  Old 
Friend  with  a  New  Face — English  Slavery ,  y-6  each  Edwin's  Pills 
to  purge  Melancholy  2-6^  The  Festival  Anacreon  in  two  Parts,  con- 
taining the  whole  of  Cap^  Morris's  Songs,  with  others  by  distinguished 
Bon  VivantSy  each  Part  j-6 — Nimrod's  Songs  of  the  Chace  3-6 
&c  &c. 

Engraving.  A  long  strip  design  on  two  plates  of  the  royal  procession  (1.  to 
r.)  to  St.  Paul's  similar  in  intention  to  No.  7524.  On  the  extreme  1.  is 
Temple  Bar,  through  which  the  royal  coach  has  just  passed,  followed  by 
two  mounted  Life-Guardsmen.  In  the  royal  coach  (not  the  glass  coach 
actually  used)  sit  the  King  and  Queen ;  facing  them  is  a  very  ugly  woman 
(?  Mrs.  Schwellenberg ;  actually,  two  ladies  of  the  Queen's  bedchamber). 
Pitt  as  the  only  postilion  rides  the  near  leader  of  the  eight  cream-coloured 
horses.  The  coachman  and  the  three  footmen  standing  at  the  back  of  the 
coach  may  be  intended  for  politicians  but  cannot  be  identified.  Imme- 
diately in  front  of  the  King's  coach  rides  the  Lord  Mayor  (Gill),  holding 
the  City  Sword,  which  he  has  just  offered  to  the  King,  see  No.  7524,  and 
in  great  difficulties  with  his  horse,  whose  mane  he  grasps.  One  man  seizes 
the  reins,  another  holds  the  Mayor's  leg.  He  is  bald-headed,  as  are  the 
citizens  who  precede  him.  In  front  of  him  ride  three  pairs  of  citizens 
wearing  civic  robes,  all  in  difficulties,  and  riding  very  badly.  One  of  the  two 
foremost  falls  backwards  screaming,  both  arms  in  the  air.  Before  the  City 
contingent  of  the  sheriffs  and  four  Common  Councilmen  rides  a  man  on 
a  goat  with  a  leek  in  his  hat,  evidently  Sir  Watkin  Lewis  (cf.  No.  6509). 
Behind  the  cavalcade  is  visible  here  and  there  a  row  of  bayonets,  held  at 
varying  angles.  In  front  of  the  procession,  and  on  the  extreme  r.,  are  the 
City  Militia  who  guarded  the  route  on  the  east  of  Temple  Bar.  They  are 
of  grotesquely  unsoldierly  appearance,  holding  their  muskets  with  extreme 
awkwardness,  as  in  No.  7524. 

Above  the  heads  of  the  procession  is  a  line  of  first-floor  windows  (on  the 
north  side  of  Fleet  Street)  crowded  with  spectators,  who  lean  out  waving 
their  hats.  Two  windows  are  immediately  above  the  King's  coach.  Next 
is  the  signboard,  a  cock,  and  then  a  balcony  or  stand,  with  a  piece  of 
drapery  inscribed  Long  Live  the  King.  Below  the  next  window  is  a  board  : 
Royal  Wax  Work  Here  you  may  see  King  Solomon  [cf.  No.  6486]  in  all  his 
glory!  (evidently  Mrs.  Salmon's  famous  wax-work  exhibition).  After  a 
crowded  window  without  an  inscription  is  a  stand  in  which  are  musicians 
with  flutes,  fiddle,  a  French  horn,  oboe,  &c.,  as  well  as  a  party  of  spectators. 
Its  drapery  is  inscribed :  And  all  the  People  rejoic'd  and  sung 

Long  Live  the  King! 

May  the  King  live  for  ever! 

A  Union  flag  is  inscribed  God  save  the  King.  In  the  next  window  are  two 
men  wearing  shirts  and  nightcaps,  yawning  violently,  and  some  other 
ugly  spectators;  the  inscription.  Seats  Tzvo  Guineas,  has  been  scored 
through  and  replaced  by  Seats  5  Shill^  (twice).  Under  the  next  window 
the  inscription  Seats  three  Guineas  has  been  struck  out  and  replaced  by 
Seats  in  the  second  Floor  only  2^-6^.  Under  the  next  window:  Seats  in  the 
Gutter  one  shilling.  A  lady  in  the  next  window  wears  a  loyalty  bandeau  (see 

603 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

No.  7522);  beneath  the  window:  Four  Seats  in  this  Window  for  a  Guinea, 
Ham  and  Buttock  of  Beef  included.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  crowded  balcony 
with  the  inscription  Long  live  the  King.  After  the  title  is  etched :  With  an 
exact  View  of  the  Lord  Mayer  carrying  the  City-Sword  Bare  headed  &c. 
For  the  procession  see  No.  7524.  For  the  City  Militia  cf.  also  Nos.  7612, 
7613.  Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7507. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  252. 
9i6X57iin. 

7526  THE  FUNERAL  PROCESSION  OF  MISS  REGENCY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  2g^^  lySg  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  strip  design.  Beneath 
the  figures  are  inscriptions  indicating  their  identity.  The  procession  is 
preceded  on  the  extreme  r.  by  Hall  the  apothecary,  one  of  Fox's  chief 
supporters  in  Westminster,  who  holds  the  abortive  Regency  Bill.  A  medical 
instrument  protrudes  from  his  coat-pocket ;  he  is  Apozem,  Clerk,  &  Apothe- 
cary. He  looks  over  his  shoulder,  saying : 

Oh!  dismal  sight,  so  black,  so  glum. 

Our  Party  all  in  mourning,  grief  &  tears, 

Ah!  who  can  swallow  down  this  Pill? 

This  mournfull  Exit  of  our  Regent's  Bill? 

After  him  in  priest's  robes  and  wearing  a  Jesuit's  biretta  walks  Burke, 
Ignatius  Loyola  (cf.  No.  6026),  holding  an  Ode  upon  his  Majesty  Recovery ; 
he  declaims: 

Our  cloud  capt  Towers, 

Our  gorgeous  Palaces, 

Our  solemn  Temples 

Yea  our  great  Regency  itself. 

Is  dissolved! 

And  like  the  baseless  fabrick  of  a  vision 

Not  a  wreck  left  behind! 

The  coffin  is  carried  on  the  shoulders  of  six  men  with  bulls'  heads,  hoofs, 
and  tails,  wearing  coronets  and  shedding  tears;  three  only  are  depicted, 
though  the  hoofs  of  the  three  on  the  1.  side  of  the  coffin  are  indicated ;  it  is 
The  Body  of  the  deceased  supported  by  six  Irish  Bulls.  They  wear  a  duke's, 
an  earl's,  and  a  baron's  coronet,  and  say:  [i]  Pullalaloo — Pullalalo — oh!; 
[2]  Oh! — Ogh! — Oh!\  [3]  Oh  Pullalalo — ogh.  On  the  coffin  is  a  coronet 
with  the  Prince's  feathers  flanked  by  an  empty  purse  and  dice  and  dice- 
box.  Four  ragged  little  girls  holding  nosegays  walk  as  pall-bearers,  two 
before  the  coffin  and  two  behind  it.  They  are  {bis)  Unfledg'd  Noviciates  of 
S^  Giles's  or,  Charley's  delight. 
The  first  couple  say : 

When  weve  cried  oer  the  Grave  as  long  as  we're  able. 
We'll  kiss,  and  we'll  wipe  Charley's  tears  all  away — 
An  Eight  year  old  Tit 
Is  Charley's  bit 
He  can  kiss  her  all  night  after  talking  all  day. 

The  second  couple  repeat  the  refrain. 

604 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

They  are  followed  by  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  in  long  trailing  weeds,  a  rosary 
and  crucifix  hanging  from  her  waist.   She  is  Chief  Mourner — The  Princess 

of  W s.   She  clasps  her  hands  despairingly,  and  repeats : 

Bane  of  my  hopes!  O  mockWy  of  my  fortune; 
They  call  me  noWy  poor  Shadow,  painted  Queen, 
The  flattering  Index  of  a  direful  Pageant , 
One  heav'd  on  high,  to  be  hurVd  down  below; 
A  dream  of  what  I  wish'd;  a  garish  Flag 
Now  made  the  aim  of  every  dangrous  shot; 
A  sign  of  Dignity,  a  Breath,  a  Bubble; 
A  Queen  in  Jest!! 
She  is  followed  by  Sheridan  and  Fox,  wearing  cloaks  and  carrying  hats 
with  mourning-scarves ;  they  are :  Second  Mourners,  The  Rival  Jacobites, 
Fox,  weeping,  says  to  Sheridan : 

Why  dost  thou  glout  &  hang  thy  Lip  at  me, 
Thou  canst  not  say,  I  brought  her  to  this  end? 
Ah!  me!  I  can  no  more!  dye  Charley,  dye! 
For  Sherry  grudges  thou  should' st  live  so  long 
Sheridan,  also  weeping,  answers : 

Ah!  Charley  hadst  thou  neer  been  seen 
This  neer  had  hapt  to  me! 
I  would  that  Pitt  had  seaVd  my  Eye 
E'er  I  hadjoind  with  thee! 
The  next  couple  are  Weltje  (cf.  No.  7509)  and  a  hairdresser,  Mails: 

We — t — e.  Clerk  of  the  Dish-clouts  and  M Is,  The  Hairdressing  Pimp. 

The  latter,  clasping  his  hands,  says : 

Dear  Charley  ah!  tell  us  how  long  d'ye  think 
King  George  will  remain  on  his  Throne? 
Weltje,  who  holds  a  large  pot  or  cauldron  and  a  ladle,  puts  his  handker- 
chief to  his  eyes,  saying : 

Vor  by  Got,  ve  do  pine,  &  in  sadness  ve  tink 
Dat  its  long  till  de  Prince  wear  de  Crown. 
They  are  followed  by  Loughborough,  thin  and  erect,  saying: 
How  hard  O  Sawney  is  thy  lot. 
Who  was  so  blithe  of  late. 
To  see  our  hopes  all  gone  to  pot 
Our  hopes  that  were  so  great — 
He  is :  A  remnant  of  1745^  or  the  would-be  Chancellor  (cf.  No.  5287). 

The  last  couple,  wearing  regimentals  with  mourning  sleeve-bands,  are 
The  Pismire  Marquis  [Lothian]  and  Lord  Stilletto  [Rawdon].  The  latter, 
very  impassive,  says  to  his  companion : 

Lord,  Sir,  you  seem  mighty  uneasy. 
But  I  this  misfortune  can  bear, 
I  warrant  I  shall  not  run  crazy 
Nor  die  in  a  fit  of  despair, 
Lothian  answers  dejectedly: 

If  so  you  suppose  youre  mistaken 
For,  Sir,  for  to  let  you  to  know. 
If  from  me  the  King's  favor  is  taken 
To  the  Prince  I,  of  course,  make  my  bow 

605 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

The  procession  is  followed  by  a  nude  and  very  emaciated  demon  (1.), 
playing  the  fiddle  and  capering.  He  is  the  Blue  and  Buff  Train  Bearer.  He 
sings,  grinning: 

O!  the  Devil,  the  Devil, 

O  the  Devil  the  D. 

Such  a  fine  sight  as  this. 

My  old  Daddy  will  gladly  see. 

A  satire  on  the  withdrawal  of  the  Regency  Bill  on  the  King's  recovery, 
see  No.  7509.  The  print  derives  from  a  pamphlet :  The  Death,  Dissection, 
Will  and  Funeral  Procession  of  M^^  Regency, . . .  Printed  at  the  Logographic 
Press  for  John  Walter,  1789.  The  six  Irish  giants  of  the  pamphlet  have 
been  altered  to  bulls,  and  represent  the  'Irish  Ambassadors',  see  No. 
7515,  &c.  The  third  (baron's)  coronet  is  presumably  due  to  a  desire  for 
symmetry  in  the  design.  Their  words  are  from  the  Irish-howl  song  in  the 
tract.  An  announcement  of  the  arrival  of  the  Irish  deputation  in  the 
World,  26  Feb.,  was  headed  'Six  amazing  Irish  Bulls!'  Fox  had  played  into 
Pitt's  hands  by  his  ill-judged  claim  for  the  Prince's  'indefeasible  right',  see 
No.  7381,  &c. ;  Sheridan  had  acted  throughout  as  the  Prince's  confidential 
adviser,  see  Moore,  Life  of  Sheridan,  pp.  411  ff.,  and  No.  7513,  &c. ;  for 
the  jealousy  between  them  over  the  Regency  negotiations  cf.  Harcourt 
Papers,  ed.  E.  W.  Harcourt,  iv.  146;  for  the  'ratting'  of  Lothian  see  No. 
7515.  Lord  Rawdon,  a  friend  of  the  Prince,  was  Stormont's  rival  for  the 
Home  Secretaryship.  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III, 
ii.  102-3. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  108-10;  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  47. 
7JX27iin. 

7527  [BURKE'S  TWO  CONSCIENCES.]  [1789] 

Engraving.  (No  title.)  Frontispiece  from  Gynomachia;  or,  a  Contest 
between  two  old  Ladies,  in  the  Service  of  a  celebrated  Orator.  Pub.  Walter, 
Piccadilly.  Two  bare-legged  old  women  stand  disputing  before  Minos, 
seated  and  holding  a  sceptre.  Both  have  the  head  of  Burke ;  one  (1.)  wears 
quasi-classical  draperies  in  which  documents  are  thrust,  one  inscribed 
Sublime  &  Beautiful,  and  is  addressing  the  other,  who  stands  defiantly,  hands 
on  hips.  The  latter  (r.)  is  dressed  like  an  Irish  peasant,  in  her  petticoats 
are  numerous  documents,  one  inscribed  Pre^  Disconte[nts].  The  words 
spoken  are  engraved  beneath  the  design : 

To  One  Master,  my  Lord  we  two  Women  belong. 
Whom  I  strive  to  lead  right,  and  she  strives  to  lead  wrong, 
Edmund  Burke's  Moral  Conscience,  my  Lord  is  my  Name, 
His  Political  Conscience,  is  she  to  her  shame. 

Minos  resembles  Lord  Camden ;  on  the  apex  of  his  throne  is  an  owl. 
On  each  side  of  him  stands  a  judge,  one  (1.)  has  some  resemblance  to  Arden, 
the  other  (r.)  to  Thurlow.  Clouds  and  a  row  of  satyr-like  creatures 
indicate  Hell. 

This  verse-satire  (B.M.L.  11630.  c.  11/14)  is  reviewed  in  the  Monthly 
Review,  May  1789,  p.  463.  It  was  a  violent  attack  on  Burke's  political 
conduct  and  on  'the  Whig*s  Creed'.  For  Burke's  unpopularity  at  this 
time,  increased  by  his  violent  speeches  on  the  Regency  question,  see 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  314  if. 
8fx6fin. 

606 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

7528  ILLUMINATION.  [i  May  1789^] 

[Dent.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  portion  of  the  front  of  a  house  in 
Bruton  Street^  showing  the  top  of  the  front  door  and  the  lower  part  of  an 
open  sash-window,  from  which  looks  Sheridan,  clasping  his  hands.  From 
his  head  radiates  a  star-shaped  illumination.  Joseph  Bardolph  Surface  is 
inscribed  in  a  cartouche  on  the  door.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
^^Honest  Bardolphy  whose  Zeal  hums  in  his  Nose^^ 

Shakespere 
Joe  Surface^  to  keep  up  appearances ^  stept  home  from  Brookes^ s,  andpopt 
his  Face  out  of  the  Window  by  way  of  illuminating  the  House. 

Times 

For  Sheridan  as  Bardolph  see  Nos.  6974,  7380,  7884,  7920;  as  Joseph 
Surface  see  No.  7510,  &c.  His  fiery,  drink-blotched  face  appears  in 
pictorial  satire  from  c.  1788.  His  address  at  this  date  was  Bruton  Street. 
The  quotation  is  probably  from  The  Times  of  24  Apr.  1789,^  describing  the 
illuminations  of  23  Apr.,  cf.  No.  7524.  For  the  distress  which  this  caused 
to  the  Whigs  cf.  Nos.  7509,  7526.  London  was  also  illuminated  on 
10  March  on  the  news  of  the  King's  recovery.  See  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and 
Letters y  i.  281. 

6|X4|in. 


7529  COOLING  THE  BRAIN.  OR— THE  LITTLE  MAJOR,  SHAV- 
ING  THE  SHAVER. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  8^^  1789.  by  J,  Aitken.  Castle  Street^  Leicester  Square 
Aitken^s  Exhibition  Room,  in  Castle  Street^  Leicester  Fields^  is  now 
opened  for  the  inspection  of  the  Nobility ^  &  the  Public  in  general^ 
containing  the  only  compleat  assortment  of  Satiric^  Humourous  & 
Caricature  productions  now  extant — Admittance  Gratis, 
pr.  J**  plain^  rl6  co¥. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Burke,  as  a  lunatic,  is 
seated  on  straw  dressed  only  in  breeches,  but  wearing  a  rosary  and  crucifix 
round  his  neck ;  Major  Scott  stands  behind  him,  shaving  his  head.  His  r. 
wrist  and  1.  ankle  are  chained  to  a  staple  in  the  floor,  the  chains  being 
inscribed  The  Censure  of  the  Commons  and  The  Contempt  of  the  Lords.  He 
clenches  his  fists  and  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  towards  a  vision 
of  Hastings,  saying,  Hal  Miscreant!  Blunderer  I  Murderer  of  Nundocomar! 
where  wilt  thou  hide  thy  head  now?  Hastings  walks  in  profile  to  the  r.,  carry- 
ing a  sack  over  his  shoulder  inscribed  £4000000;  he  is  about  to  enter  the 
gate  of  S^  Jameses  from  which  two  hands  emerge  to  receive  him  labelled 
(in  reversed  characters)  Welcome.  Clouds  surround  Hastings  and  the 
palace,  showing  that  this  is  a  vision.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  gibbet 
from  which  hangs  a  figure  rudely  drawn,  as  if  chalked  on  a  wall,  representing 
Nundocomar.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched  in  three  columns : 

*  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks,  probably  the  date  of  purchase. 
»  Not  in  B.M.L. 

607 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Madness  thou  chaos  of  the  brain; 
What  arty  that  pleasure  giv'st  and  pain? 
Tyranny  of  Fancy^s  reign! 
Mechanic  Fancy!  that  can  build 
Vast  labyrinths  &  mazes  zoildy 
With  rule  disjointed^  shapeless  measurCf 
FilVd  with  horror ^  filld  with  pleasure 
Shapes  of  horror y  that  would  even 
Cast  doubt  of  mercy  upon  Heaven! 

Hoadley 

The  trial  of  Warren  Hastings,  interrupted  by  the  King's  illness,  was 
resumed  on  21  Apr.  On  27  Apr.  Major  Scott  in  the  House  of  Commons 
read  a  petition  from  Hastings  complaining  of  extraneous  matter  intro- 
duced by  Burke  and  not  included  in  the  charges  found  by  the  House :  that 
on  21  Apr.  he  had  accused  Hastings  *of  murdering  Nuncomar  by  the  hands 
of  Sir  Elijah  Impey\  After  prolonged  altercations  in  the  House,  these 
words  of  Burke  were  proved  by  Gurney  from  his  short-hand  notes — the 
Opposition  protesting  against  the  admission  of  his  evidence.  A  letter  from 
Burke  justifying  himself  was  read  in  the  House  on  i  May  and  answered  by 
Scott  in  a  letter  to  the  Press  dated  9  May.  A  motion  by  the  Marquis  of 
Graham  that  the  words  in  question  'ought  not  to  have  been  spoken'  was 
carried  after  a  stormy  debate  by  135  to  66  on  4  May  (a  vote  of  censure  on 
Burke),  Trial  of  HastingSy  1796,  Part  H,  pp.  9  if. ;  Pari.  Hist,  xxvii.  1344  ff. ; 
Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letter Sy  i.  306-7 ;  Parkes,  Memoirs  of  Sir  P.  Francis y  ii. 
461-3 ;  Letters  of  Simpkin  the  Secondy  1789  (Letter  xii).   See  No.  7269,  &c. 

Burke  was  lampooned  as  less  than  sane  for  his  violence  during  the 
Regency  debates:  a  handbill  was  stuck  up  at  Whitehall  on  his  health 
similar  to  the  medical  reports  on  the  King:  'calmer  this  morning  but  tend- 
ing towards  unquietness.'  Harcourt  Papers y  iv.  195.   Cf.  Nos.  7689,  7863. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  no. 

8Jxi3jin. 

7530  THE  ACCOMODATING  SPOUSE ; TYR—NN—ES  DELIGHT! 
—COMING  YORK»  OVER  HER;  —OR  WHAT  YOU  LIKE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub^  May  75^*  lySg  by  J,  Aitken,  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields- 
London —  Pr.  1^:6^. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  (I.)  lies  in  bed,  baring  her  breast 
and  looking  amorously  at  the  Duke  of  York,  who  takes  her  hand  and  is 
climbing  into  the  bed.  Her  husband  (in  back  view)  leaves  the  room  by 
a  door  on  the  r.,  saying,  A  good  night  to  your  R  .  .  .  I  High  .  .  .  sH!  Bon 
Soiry  my  lady;  Fm  no  peeping  Tom  of  Coventry,  The  Duke's  breeches  and 
military  coat,  with  its  star,  are  on  a  chair  by  the  door.  The  bed  is  draped 
with  a  heavy  curtain ;  the  floor  is  covered  with  a  patterned  carpet. 

For  Lord  and  Lady  Tyrconnel  and  the  Duke  see  Nos.  7373,  7741,  7832. 
9^6X13!  in. 

7530  A  Another  impression,  in  which  Tyrconnel's  words  differ. 
*  'York'  is  struck  through  but  left  conspicuously  legible. 
608 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

7530  B  Another  impression,  the  title  altered  to: 

THE  ACCOMODATING  SPOUSE;— THE  KIND  CUCKOLD  SENT 
TO  COVENTRY;— COMING  YORK  OVER  HER;— OR  WHAT 
YOU  LIKE. 

'York'  as  in  No.  7530.  The  price  is  erased. 

7531  BRUNSWICK  TRIUMPHANT!  OR— THE  BATTLE  OF  THE 
BLOOD'S— PURE,  &  CONTAMINATED. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  23^  lySg  by  J:  Aitken  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields — 
Price  J^* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  pugilistic  encounter  between  the 
Duke  of  York  (1.)  and  Lt.-Col.  Charles  Lennox  (r.),  both  stripped  to  the 
waist.  The  Duke  stands  with  both  fists  clenched,  saying.  Come  on  my 
Lad!  don't  fall  zoithout  a  Blow!  Fll  tickle  your  Mazzard^  if  you  dare  to  stand 
up  like  a  Man!  Lennox,  on  one  knee,  clutches  the  arm  of  his  second,  the 
Duke  of  Richmond,  saying,  O  save  me  Nunkle! — O  Lord! — O  Lord! — 
O  Lord!  Your  H — h — ss  is  above  my  Match! — O  Lord — Fm  not  fit  to  fight 
any  body  above  your  Footman.  Richmond  puts  out  a  hand  to  restrain  his 
nephew,  saying  with  an  expression  of  alarm,  For  heavens  sake,  forbear!  we 
are  nothing  but  a  brood  of  Bastards!  Bastards  begot — Bastards  instructed — 
Bastards  in  Mind — Bastards  in  Valour — in  every  thing  illegitimate — we  are 
neither  of  Bloody  or  of  Honor ^  to  cope  with  your  Hi — h — ss!!  The  Prince  of 
Wales,  on  the  extreme  1.,  is  his  brother's  second;  he  says,  with  a  con- 
temptuous expression,  Fredrick!  cant  you  tip  his  bottle  holder  a  sly  plump 
in  the  Bread-basket?  Behind  him  is  a  Union  flag;  behind  Richmond  are 
fortifications  flying  a  French  flag,  symbolizing  his  French  descent  and 
title,  cf.  No.  7479,  as  well  as  his  abortive  scheme,  see  No.  6921,  &c.  For 
his  descent  from  Charles  H  cf.  No.  7507. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Oft  have  I  seen  a  hot  overweening  Cury 
Run  back  &  bark — because  he  was  with-heldy 
Who  being  suffered  in  the  Bear's  fell  paw 
Hath  clap'd  his  Tail  between  his  Legs  &  cry*d. 

The  Duke  of  York,  having  said  that  words  had  been  used  to  Lennox 
in  a  political  conversation  'that  no  gentleman  ought  to  submit  to*,  was 
asked  by  Lennox  (before  the  officers  of  the  Coldstream)  who  spoke  them ; 
the  Duke  refused  to  answer,  but  said  they  were  spoken  at  Daubigny's.  On 
18  May  Lennox  sent  a  circular  letter  to  all  the  members  of  Daubigny's 
club,  but  got  no  satisfactory  answer.  The  letter  was  printed  in  the  papers 
on  27  May.  On  19  May  an  account  of  the  quarrel  was  published  in  the 
London  Chronicle.  The  long-expected  duel  took  place  on  26  May.  The 
quarrel  arose  out  of  the  Regency  crisis  (see  No.  7377,  &c.),  when  the  Duke, 
the  King's  favourite  son,  took  the  part  of  the  Prince  on  being  promised  the 
rank  of  Field  Marshal.  Cornwallis  Corr.  i.  406.  Lennox  was  said  to  have 
abused  the  two  princes  and  their  party,  which  was  *the  ton  of  the  Court  or 
Queen's  party',  see  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters^  i.  313-20.  See  also  Life 
and  Letters  of  Lady  Sarah  Lennox,  ii.  69-70 ;  Bland  Burges  Papers,  ed. 
Hutton,  pp.  122-5;  Greville  Memoirs,  1888,  i.  63-4.  H.  Paton  in  Kay,  i. 
90-92.  Kay  etched  a  W.L.  portrait  of  Lennox  on  his  exchange,  as  a  result 

609  R  r 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

of  the  duel,  into  the  35th  Regiment,  then  quartered  in  Edinburgh.   Ibid., 
No.  XXXIX;  'Collection',  No.  118.    See  also  Nos.  7532-5,  7542,  7573, 
7594. 
81X13^6  in. 

7532  THE  ROYAL  DUEL. 

Pub,  May  2y  lySg  by  SW  Fores  AT"  j  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  representation  (not  caricatured)  of  the 
duel  between  the  Duke  of  York  and  Lennox  on  Wimbledon  Common  on 
26  May.  Lennox  (1.)  fires  at  the  Duke,  who  fires  in  the  air.  Above  the 
Duke's  head  is  written  (in  ink)  *Fire  again  Sir'.  The  two  seconds  stand 
beside  their  principals:  Lord  Winchilsea  (1.)  and  Lord  Rawdon  (r.).  In 
the  distance  is  a  man  on  horseback.  Trees  and  grass  form  a  background. 
See  No.  7531,  &c. 
9X13  J  in. 

7533  A  SCENE  ON  TUESDAY  THE  26TH  OF  MAY  BETWEEN 
A  PRINCE ^AND ^A  POLTRON. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  2/*  1789.  by  J.  Aitken  Castle  Street  Leicester  Field. 
Price  r  16— plain 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satirical  representation  of  the  duel 
between  the  Duke  of  York  and  Lennox.  The  Duke  (1.),  calm  and  dignified, 
fires  his  pistol  in  the  air;  Lennox  (r.),  his  knees  bending  in  obvious  alarm, 
holds  a  pistol  in  each  hand,  saying,  /  hope  your  H^gh — ss  is  satisfied  now 
that  I  am  a  Man  of  Honor ^  by  my  firing  thro*  your  hair?  &  that  you  will 
retract  the  opinion  of  my  being  a  Coward,  The  Duke,  whose  hat  is  on  the 
ground,  answers.  Satisfied?  yes  I  am  satisfied!  that  your  whole  race  are  a  set 
of  dastards! — &  you  may  fire  at  me  till  the  day  of  Judgment^  e'er  I  tvill 
retract  my  opinion — or  honor  a  Cowardy  by  putting  him  out  of  the  World! 
The  seconds  stand  behind  their  principals :  Lord  Raw — w,  in  profile  to  the 
r.,  a  pistol  in  each  hand,  says.  Gunpowder  is  disgraced  when  used  upon  such 
reptiles!  make  them  eat  their  own  words y  till  they  are  choak'dy  thats  the  way 
to  quiet  Charles' s-bastard-brood  (cf.  No.  7507) ;  Lord  Wine — / — a  (r.),  look- 
ing very  frightened,  holds  an  arsenal  of  pistols  under  his  1.  arm,  a  blun- 
derbuss in  his  r.  hand,  saying,  Would  that  I  had  not  meddVdin  the  business y 
ory  that  I  could  get  over  to  the  other  side.  All  wear  military  uniform;  Win- 
chilsea was  a  Lord  of  the  Bedchamber,  Lennox  Lt.-Col.  in  the  Coldstream, 
the  Duke's  regiment.   In  the  background  stands  an  empty  post-chaise. 

Lennox  fired  and  'grazed  the  Duke's  curl',  the  Duke  did  not  fire,  Lennox 
pressed  him  to  do  so,  but  he  refused,  saying  he  had  had  no  intention  of 
firing,  but  would  not  accede  to  Lennox's  request  'that  he  should  say  he 
considered  L^  Col.  Lenox  as  a  man  of  honor  and  courage'.  'The  seconds 
think  it  proper  to  add,  that  both  parties  behaved  with  the  most  perfect 
courage  and  intrepidity.'  Authenticated  and  signed  account  published  by 
the  seconds.  London  Chronicle y  27  May  1789.  The  print  reflects  the 
unpopularity  of  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  often  traduced  as  a  coward,  cf, 
Nos.  7389,  7554.  For  the  duel  see  No.  7531,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  no.   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxxvi. 

8iXi3f  in. 

610 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

7534  A  SCENE  AFTER  THE  DUEL.  OR  THE  SURGEON  DRESS- 
ING THE  DUKE'S  WOUNDS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  May  2g^^  lySg 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  York  is  seated  in  a  chair  while  a  French  hair- 
dresser (r.)  fixes  a  false  curl  to  the  side  of  his  head,  where  the  hair  has  been 
shot  away.  On  the  1.  stand  the  Prince  of  Wales  in  profile  to  the  r.,  Prince 
WiUiam,  wearing  a  sailor's  trousers  and  round  hat,  his  arms  folded,  and, 
behind  them,  the  tall  Weltje.  The  Prince  asks.  Why  did  you  not  have  a  pop 
at  him.',  the  Duke  answers,  /  could  not  fire  as  the  Colonel  only  discharged  his 
Pistol  in  the  HAir.  Prince  William  says.  My  Eyes  hut  I  would  have  shivered 
him  like  a  Biscuit.  Weltje  exclaims,  grinning.  By  Cot  he  vos  de  Hero  and 
vos  honor  to  de  German  School.  The  hairdresser,  who  is  grotesquely  thin, 
his  hair  in  a  long  queue,  says,  For  all  de  head  vos  so  deranged^  I  sal  put  on 
de  false  curl  so  very  neat  you  sal  appear  as  mush  in  Order  as  oder  people y  my 
Lor  Due.  On  the  floor  are  the  Duke's  hat  and  pistol  and  a  number  of  hair- 
dressing  implements.  On  a  table  (r.)  is  a  large  bag  inscribed:  Frizeur, 
Barber -Surgeon.  Trapans  Toupees  y  Sets  broken  Taiky  and  cures  fractured 
Curls  with  ease  and  safty. 

In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design  is  a  small  representation  of  the  duel, 
showing  Lennox  (1.)  firing  at  the  Duke,  the  ball  removing  his  curl.  The 
Duke  aims  but  does  not  fire ;  Winchilsea,  who  appears  to  be  blindfolded, 
says,  An  Honourable  Issue  indeed.  In  the  centre  behind  the  seconds  is  the 
hairdresser,  saying.  Oh  de  Curse  Ball  vos  take  away  de  curl. 

See  No.  7531,  &c. 
6fxioiiin. 

7535  THE   COWARD,^   COMFORTED,— OR— A  SCENE    IMME- 
DIATELY AFTER  THE  DUEL. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub^  May  29'*  lySg  by  J.  AitkeUy  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields. 
Price  r^j6.  plain 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   Lennox  leans  back  on  a  sofa,  his  pistol 
in  his  hand,  looking  up  with  a  melancholy  expression.  A  lady  (1.)  holds  a 
smelling-bottle  to  his  nose ;  the  Duke  of  Richmond  (r.),  leaning  on  one  end 
of  the  sofa,  regards  his  nephew  anxiously.   Lennox  says : 
/  had  been  happy y  if  the  General  Camp 
Foot-soldiers y  ally  had  pulVd  my  Nose  in  private. 
So  it  had  not  been  told;  O,  now  for  ever 
Farewell  the  Plumed  Troops  &  the  big  War, 
The  spirit-stirring  Drum  &  the  ear  piercing  fife. 
The  Royal  Banner  &  all  quality y 
Pride  y  Pomp,  &  Circumstance  of  glorious  War 
Farewell!   Your  Hero's  reputations  gone! 

The  lady.  Lady  Charlotte  Gordon  (who  married  Lennox,  see  No.  7594), 
says :  O  my  dear  shivering  L.  .  .  .  x^!  do  compose  yourself  for  the  sake  of  your 
dear  Charlotte!  Ah!  that  hot-blooded-fellow  has  frightened  him  into  an  Ague 
— come  do  take  a  sniff  at  your  Charlotte's  smelling-bottle y  the  Bonny  Duchess 

^  These  words  have  been  ostensibly  obliterated  by  cross-hatching  which  leaves 
them  legible  and  makes  them  conspicuous. 

611 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

says  that  my  smelling  Bottle  is  a  nice  Thing  to  raise  a  Man^s  courage,  I  long 
for  you  to  take  hold  of  it,  my  dear  L  , .  .x}  Richmond  says,  DonH  fret  your- 
self my  dear  Nephew,^  you  have  behaved  like  a  Man  of  Spirit  &  Honor; — 
your  putting  up  with  a  public  Insult  when  you  could  have  resented  it,  shews 
your  magnanimity!  your  pretending  not  to  remember  the  words  of  the  insult, 
shews  your  harmless  disposition! — your  Letters  to  the  Club,  your  good-sense! — 
their  being  sent  a  week  before  the  Duel,  your  want  of  malice!  as  it  gave  his 
Highnesses  friends  an  opportunity  to  secure  him  from  your  resentment,  by 
putting  you  under  arrest! — your  firing  first,  proves  your  spirit! — your  not 
waiting  to  be  shot  at,  your  discretion! — &  your  being  satisfied  with  only 
attemptifig  the  life  of  the  son  of  your  ****  proves  your  Loyalty,  &  generosity! 
— therefore,  my  dear  Boy,  take  comfort,  get  the  better  of  this  Ague,  which  you 
are  thrown  into  by  pulling  the  trigger,  &,  if  you  are  kicked  out  of  one  Regiment, 
Nunkle  will  beg  another  for  you,  as  a  reward  for  your  Gallantry  &  good-will 
to  the  house  of  Hanover!!! 

Pitt  (1.)  looks  round  a  door,  saying,  Heav'ns  L  .  .  ,  x^  whaVs  the  matter? 
I  hope  you^ve  succeeded  in  lessening  the  number  of  my  Plagues. 

For  the  duel  see  No.  7531,  &c.    The  Duke  of  York  suspected  Lady 
Charlotte,  with  Lennox  and  the  Duke  of  Gordon,  to  have  been  three 
masks  who  insulted  the  Prince  of  Wales,  this  being  a  contributory  cause 
of  the  duel.   Greville,  Memoirs,  1888,  i.  63-4. 
8jxi3jin. 

7536  A  MARE  ON  HORSE  BACK  OR  THE   CITY  S^  GEORGE. 

[i  June  1789] 

Engraving.  Rambler^ s  Magazine,  vii.  163.  The  Lord  Mayor  (William  Gill) 
riding  in  profile  to  the  r.  in  the  royal  procession  to  St.  Paul's  on  23  Apr. 
His  horse  is  led,  but  is  kicking,  and  the  Mayor,  clutching  the  City  Sword, 
leans  forward  on  the  animal's  neck,  his  furred  robes  flying  out  behind.  In 
the  background  several  ranks  of  the  City  militia  are  indicated,  with  the 
heads  on  a  stand  of  spectators  (1.). 

The  text  describes  the  Mayor  (*a  striking  likeness')  as  riding  one  of 
Hughes's  circus  horses,  after  a  course  of  riding  lessons.  See  No.  7524,  &c. 
4AX5iiin.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

7537  HYDE-PARK;— SUNDAY,— OR— BOTH  HEMISPHERES  OF 
THE  WORLD  IN  A  SWEAT; 

[Gillray.] 

Price  r^j6-—Pu¥  June  r*  ijSg,  by  J  Aitken,  Castle  Street  Leicester 
Field. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  cavalcade  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  on 
horseback  riding  close  together,  the  legs  of  the  horses  being  cut  off  by  the 
lower  margin  of  the  print.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

^^The  World — and  all  the  great  ^^ which  it  inherit' ^ — was  there — Equestrian 
motion,  universal — we  saw  all — marked  all! — the  Duelist  with  one  Curl,  & 
the  Fraternal,  one  degree  higher,  down  to  the  intelligencers  of  the  Low-Prints 
{who  cast  their  eyes  around,  that  witnessed  huge  affliction  &  dismay);  all  was 
splendid — who  {&  what  dignity  but  contained  in  that  monosyllable?)  not 

^  These  words  have  been  ostensibly  obliterated  by  cross-hatching  which  leaves 
them  legible  and  makes  them  conspicuous. 

6l2 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

present? — Becky — was  there!! — attraction  spontaneous! — Old  Quiz,  cast  a 
single  glance! — *'0  the  days  when  I  was  young! — one  pang  arose! — we  view'd 
the  field — captivating — beautiful — most  beautiful! — but — Bunbury — where 
was  Harry  Bunbury? — we  returned — as  {craving  appetites  of  Cheapside  satis- 
fied) cent,  p'  cent.  Citz: — Mans-mercers  iS?  W omens-mercers y  were  arriving, 
to  inhale  the  clouded  Air — Heat — Dust — Ibid — Ibidem. — 

Topham  rides  (1.  to  r.)  in  the  foreground,  enormously  fat,  looking 
through  a  quizzing-glass.  Next  him  is  a  stout  lady  probably  intended  for 
*Becky'  (Mrs.  Wells)  though  resembling  Mrs.  Fitzherbert;  she  wears  a  hat 
with  a  floating  veil.  Queensberry  (1.)  rides  behind  her,  holding  up  a  bunch 
of  reins  in  his  r.  hand.  The  other  persons  mentioned,  the  Duke  of  York 
(the  duellist,  see  No.  7531,  &c.)  and  the  Prince,  are  not  depicted,  unless 
a  very  stiff  and  erect  officer  (r.)  is  intended  for  the  Duke.  The  shoulders  of 
the  ultra-fashionable  Topham  are  sprinkled  with  powder,  cf.  No.  8190.^ 

A  satire  on  Topham 's  paper  the  World,  and  on  its  'fashionable  intelli- 
gence*; it  attracted  attention  by  the  whimsical  style  of  the  writing,  and  the 
high  tone  of  superiority  which  it  affected,  characterizing  the  other  daily 
papers  as  the  'low  prints  .  .  .'.  John  Taylor,  Records  of  My  Life,  1832, 
ii.  292.  See  No.  7210,  &c.  For  the  theme  of  'cits'  going  to  the  parks  to 
gape  at  the  fashionable  crowd  cf.  No.  6344.  For  Hyde  Park  see  Nos. 
5925-7- 
8jxi2jin. 

7538  [PITT.] 
J5[/][?Gillray.] 

June  ly.  lySg  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  caricature  portrait  of  Pitt  speaking  in  the  House  of  Commons 
in  profile  to  the  r.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  document :  Regency  Restrictions  (see 
No.  7488,  &c.) ;  his  hat  is  under  his  1.  arm,  his  1.  hand  is  held  out.  He  bends 
forward,  his  r.  leg  advanced. 

An  imitation,  perhaps  by  Gillray,  of  the  W.L.  portraits  of  Sayers,  cf. 
Nos.  7540,  7541. 
6f  X4  in.,  clipped. 

7539  CHANCELLORS  TAUGHT  LAW,  &  BISHOPS  DIVINITY 

[?  Ceilings.] 

Published  June  18  lySg  by  S  W,  Fores  N''  23  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Stanhope  (r.),  as  a  schoolmaster, 
sits  in  an  arm-chair  in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  fiercely  at  Thurlow  who 
stands,  full  face,  holding  an  open  book.  Statutes.  Stanhope,  who  holds  a 
birch-rod,  says.  Spell  that  again  Sirrah  or  I'll  teach  you  Law  with  a  ven- 
geance. On  the  back  of  his  chair  is  a  coronet  with  a  fool's  cap,  and  the  words 
If  I  can.  Thurlow  says,  L — A — W —  Law!  In  the  background  (1.)  five 
bishops  sit  in  a  row  on  a  bench  against  the  wall  holding  open  books.  In 
the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  wheelbarrow  inscribed  Rubbish,  containing  a  mitre, 

'  Cf.  T.  Nicholls,  The  New  Insect: 

Twas  I,  to  pleasure  all  beholders, 
First  greas'd,  and  powder'd  all  the  shoulders. 
Public  Advertiser,  9  Oct.  1789. 

613 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  crosier,  and  documents  inscribed  HomlieSy  Articles  of  the  {ChurcK\y 
Canons.  A  spade  leans  against  it.  On  the  wall  is  a  picture  of  a  man  (Stan- 
hope) plying  a  pickaxe  against  a  partly  demolished  church;  an  empty  wheel- 
barrow stands  behind  him. 

A  satire  on  the  debate  in  the  House  of  Lords  on  9  June  on  Stanhope's 
Bill  for  relieving  members  of  the  Church  of  England  from  sundry  penalties 
and  disabilities,  when  the  Bill  was  thrown  out.  Stanhope  said  *he  was 
determined  to  persevere,  and  if  the  right  reverend  bench  would  not  suffer 
him  to  load  away  their  rubbish  by  cart-fulls,  he  would  endeavour  to  carry 
it  off  in  wheel-barrows  .  .  /  (cf.  No.  7632).  He  also  said,  'on  another 
occasion  I  shall  teach  the  noble  and  learned  Lord  [Thurlow]  law,  as  I  have 
this  day  taught  the  bench  of  bishops  religion'.  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  133.  See 
Stanhope  and  Gooch,  Life  of  Charles  Third  Earl  Stanhope,  1914,  pp.  82-5. 
8iXi2f  in. 

7540  [LORD  THURLOW.] 
J5#[Gillray.] 

Pu¥June  2f^  ijSg.  by  J.  Aitken.  Castle  S^  Leicester  Fields 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Chancellor  seated  on  the  woolsack 
in  profile  to  the  r.  staring  fixedly.  His  legs  are  crossed  and  his  hands  are 
on  his  knees.  Cf.  Probationary  Odes:  'Bend  my  black  brows  that  keep  the 
Peers  in  awe.*    A  companion  print  to  No.  7541. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  109  (copy),  no. 
Photograph,  3f  X2f  in. 

7541  [SHERIDAN.] 
JSff[G\\\v^y.] 

Published  29'*  June.  lySg  by  J  Aitken  Castle  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7540. 
Sheridan  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  out  a  document  inscribed 
Charges  against  W:  Hastings.  His  1.  fist  is  clenched,  his  hat  is  under  his 
arm,  and  he  stands  as  if  speaking  at  Hastings's  trial,  with  a  fierce  and  fixed 
expression. 

Sheridan  took  little  part  in  the  trial  during  May  and  June  1789  when 
the  proceedings  chiefly  consisted  of  recriminations  between  Burke  and 
Scott,  cf.  No.  7529.   An  imitation  of  the  prints  by  Sayers  of  Francis  and 
others,  see  Nos.  7290-4.   Cf.  No.  7538.  For  the  signature  cf.  No.  7146. 
7iX4jin.  (pi.) 

7542  ESSAY  ON  DUELLING— ANGLICE  DOING  =  HIM! 
Annibal  Scratch  fecit  [?  Ceilings.] 

Published  July  10  lySg  by  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  burlesqued  duelling 
scene.  In  the  centre  stands  Lennox,  legs  wide  astride,  his  head  turned  in 
profile  to  the  1. ;  he  aims  one  pistol  point-blank  at  the  stomach  of  a  man 
close  to  him,  while  he  fires  with  his  1.  hand  in  the  opposite  direction,  shoot- 

614 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

ing  off  the  curl  of  the  Duke  of  York  (r.),  who  has  dropped  his  pistol, 
saying,  There  goes  the  best  half  of  my  poor  Head.  The  Prince  of  Wales, 
who  stands  full  face  on  the  extreme  r.,  holding  blunderbusses,  rapiers,  and 
pistols,  says,  Never  mind  your  head  I  am  your  Corps  de  reserve.  Papers 
protrude  from  his  coat-pocket  inscribed  Chalenge,  Chalenge.  At  his  feet 
is  a  letter:  To  the  D  of  R.  Behind  the  Duke  of  York  and  between  him  and 
Lennox  stands  Hanger,  stripped  to  the  waist,  in  the  attitude  of  a  pugilist, 
threatening  Lennox ;  he  says,  Bl — st  my  eyes  Til  tip  him  Ward*s  damper  in 
no  time  at  all.  Lennox  says,  A  Man  need  the  lives  of  a  Cat  for  you  allj  but 
however  gentlemen  come  on^  as  far  as  one  poor  life  will  go  tis  at  your  Master^  s 
service.  A  second  pair  of  pistols  projects  from  his  coat-pocket,  a  third  pair 
lies  on  the  ground  at  his  feet.    His  victim,  clutching  his  entrails,  says, 

A  plague  of  both  your  Houses Fm  sped.    He  wears  a  very  long  sword 

inscribed  Long  &  strong ;  at  his  feet  is  an  overturned  inkpot  and  pen,  and 

an  open  pamphlet  inscribed  Letter  to  the  K by  T S;  on  this  both  he 

and  Lennox  have  placed  a  foot.  A  fifth  combatant  stands  on  the  1.,  threaten- 
ing Lennox  with  a  jagged  sword  inscribed  Invincible  Toledo.  He  says, 
Sclaps  &  Tomowhawks — there  I  would  have  him  &  there  again — &  there 
damme!  Whiz.  At  his  feet  are  two  books :  Skirmishes  in  America  by  Yankee 
Doodle  and  Harris's  List  [of  Covent  Garden  Ladies].  He  is  probably  Lt.- 
Col.  Banastre  Tarleton  (whose  boastful  'History  of  the  Campaigns  of  1780 
and  1 78 1  in  the  Southern  Provinces  of  North  America'  was  published  in 
1787).  On  the  extreme  1.  stands  Prince  William,  wearing  naval  uniform 
with  cocked  hat  and  trousers;  he  holds  a  sabre  and  a  cat-o '-nine-tails.  He 
says,  looking  to  the  r.,  Shiver  my  topsails  if  I  come  athawrt  him  I  give  him  a 
salt  Ell  for  his  supper. 

A  satire  on  the  political  animosities  underlying  the  duel  between  Lennox 
and  the  Duke  of  York,  see  No.  753 1,  &c.  The  wounded  man  is  Theophilus 
Swift  who  published  a  pamphlet  on  the  duel  which  led  to  a  duel,  3  July, 
between  Lennox  and  himself,  in  which  he  was  wounded.  Swift  then  issued 
*A  Letter  to  the  King  on  the  Conduct  of  Colonel  Lennox'.  D.N.B. 
8iX23|in. 

7543  A  VIEW  OF  INDIA 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  July  14  lySg  by  H  Humphreys  Old  Bond  SK 

A  reissue  of  No.  6519,  with  the  title  erased,  that  given  here  is  taken  from 
the  inscription  on  Fox's  peep-show.  The  application  is  evidently  to  the 
trial  of  Hastings,  cf.  No.  7529. 

7544  ROYAL^  DIPPING. 

JNiySg^  [Nixon.] 

London,  Pu¥  by  Will"^  Holland^  A^«  50,  Oxford  Street  July  15,  lySg 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints.  Admittance,  One  Shilling. 

Engraving.  The  King,  naked,  is  being  dipped  in  the  sea  by  a  bathing- 
woman  ;  he  turns  his  head  to  the  r.  towards  a  band  of  musicians  standing 
in  the  water  above  their  knees  and  playing  God  Save  Great  \  George  the 
King  I  Long  live  the  King.    Four  men  (1.  to  r.)  play  the  oboe,  a  nameless 

^  The  letters  oya  have  been  scored  through. 

^  In  reversed  characters,  illegible  without  a  looking-glass. 

615 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

instrument,  French  horn,  and  bassoon ;  two  boys  are  shouting,  one  of  whom 
(r.)  bangs  a  salt-box.  Immediately  behind  the  King  is  the  royal  bathing 
machine  with  an  attendant  holding  the  King's  shirt  and  looking  down  at 
the  King  in  the  water.  Over  the  door  are  the  royal  arms.  In  the  water 
a  second  bathing-woman  and  a  man  stand  protectingly  beside  the  King, 
while  on  the  1.  is  a  second  man  with  a  couple  of  disks  ( ?  corks)  slung  over 
his  arm.  Next  the  King's  box  is  a  second  bathing-machine ;  the  Queen  and 
one  of  the  princesses  stand  on  its  platform,  watching  the  royal  dipping.  On 
the  r.  and  against  the  sea-wall  in  the  middle  distance  is  a  third  bathing- 
machine,  a  nude  bather  is  scrambling  up  its  steps.  In  the  background  (r.) 
is  the  sea-wall  backed  by  the  esplanade  and  the  houses  behind  it.  On  it 
are  two  men  on  horseback,  each  with  a  large  bundle  at  his  back:  News  for 
the  Oracle  and  News  for  the  World,  indicating  the  numerous  paragraphs 
and  reports  in  the  London  newspapers  on  the  King's  visit  to  Weymouth. 
A  crowd  of  small  figures  wave  hats  and  crackers  or  squibs  are  being  fired. 
The  largest  building  is  the  Assembly  Room.  The  houses  end  abruptly,  and 
on  the  1.  the  background  is  a  rural  landscape  with  a  signpost  pointing  to 
[Do]rchester  and  to  Melcome.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
Of  purest  Air,  and  healing  Waves  we  tell. 
Where,  welcome  Maid,  Hygeia  loves  to  dwell! 

F.  Burney  writes,  13  July:  'Think  but  of  the  surprise  of  His  Majesty, 
the  first  time  of  his  bathing,  he  had  no  sooner  popped  his  royal  head  under 
water  than  a  band  of  music,  concealed  in  a  neighbouring  machine,  struck 
up  "God  save  great  George  our  King".*  Diary.  She  writes  of  the  exuber- 
ant loyalty  of  Weymouth,  and  also  mentions  the  (incorrect)  news  in  the 
Oracle  (first  issue  i  June  1789).  For  the  World  see  No.  7210,  &c. 
9i^gXi6f  in. 

7545  BILLY'S  GOUTY  VISIT,  OR  A  PEEP  AT  HAMMERSMITH. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  July  2&^  lySg 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  visits  the  quack  de  Loutherbourg 
to  be  cured  of  his  (supposed)  unpopularity.  He  walks  (1.  to  r.)  with  crutches, 
one  gouty  leg  is  swathed  with  bandages  inscribed  Excise ;  he  is  grotesquely 
thin.  Two  stout  citizens,  one  on  each  side  of  him,  are  puffing  clouds  of 
smoke  in  his  face  inscribed  Sir  R.  Walpole's  Legacy.  He  says.  Dear  Doctor 
relieve  me  from  the  Fumes  of  discontent — set  me  on  my  Legs  and  make  a  Man 
of  me.  The  fashionably  dressed  doctor  stands  in  the  centre  of  the  room, 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  addressing  Pitt,  and  pointing  to  an  oval  H.L.  portrait 
of  Chatham  on  the  wall.  He  says,  /  can  Cure  my  poor  Patients  vidout  trouble 
or  expence — but  to  make  de  Man  of  you  by  Cot  I  could  as  soon  animate  de 
Canvas.  Chatham  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Magna  Charta  et  libertas]  the 
frame  is  inscribed  Right  Hon^^^  W^  Pitt  Earl  of  Chatham.  On  a  bench 
against  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  row  of  Incurable  Curables:  a  man  without  a  leg, 
a  woman  without  arms,  a  man  without  a  head  and  with  only  one  arm, 
a  man  without  arms,  a  man  with  half  a  head.  Above  their  heads 
Miracles  never  cease!!!  is  inscribed  within  a  triangle  formed  of  the  names 
of  three  notorious  quacks :  Graham,  Loutherbourg,  Katterfelto.  In  front 
of  these  patients  is  a  table  on  which  is  a  book:  Medicine — Faith,  and 
a  long  scroll  lying  partly  on  the  ground:  Cures  by  a  Touch.  A  Maiden  of 

616 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

the  Green  Sickness — A  Ditto  of  a  nine  months  Dropsy — A  Child  without  legs 
fnade  to  go — A  Man  without  a  Head  made  to  comprehend — A  Lawyer  cured 
of  a  spotted  fever — A  Lady  of  a  scarlet  Fever — A  Bishop  of  a  Lethargy — 
An  Alderman  of  craving — A  Justice  of  Deafness — A  Statesm[an]  of  Blind- 
ness &c  &c.  Under  the  table-cloth  is  seen  a  pile  of  guineas ;  above  this  is 
a  placard  of  the  Bottle  Conjuror  (the  bottle-imp  issuing  from  his  bottle), 
below  which  is  inscribed  Loutherbourg  Ex^.  On  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  placard: 
Question  to  the  Professor — Why  not  cure  the  Poor  Blind  if  such  a  Blessing 
can  be  bestowed  without  Expence  or  Trouble? 

De  Loutherbourg,  who  lived  at  Hammersmith  Terrace,  Chiswick, 
became  a  believer  in  Cagliostro  and  Mesmer,  and,  falling  under  the 
influence  of  Richard  Brothers,  he  claimed  the  powers  of  prophecy  and  of 
curing  diseases  by  prayer  and  faith.  In  1789  a  list  of  his  cures  was  pub- 
lished by  a  believer,  Mary  Pratt.  See  Whitley,  Artists  and  their  Friends  in 
England,  1928,  ii.  354-6.  Pitt  brought  in  a  Bill  for  transferring  the  tobacco 
duties  from  Customs  to  Excise,  this  was  opposed  (as  Walpole's  Excise  Bill 
of  1733  had  been)  as  tyrannical  and  unconstitutional,  and  was  petitioned 
against  by  the  manufacturers  of  tobacco,  but  the  attempt  to  raise  public 
clamour  failed.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  177  flF.  (debates  of  16  and  24  June);  Ann. 
Reg.y  lySg,  pp.  154-8.  For  Graham  and  Katterfelto  see  Catalogue,  vol.  v. 
For  the  bottle-imp,  the  great  hoax  of  the  century,  see  Nos.  3022-7,  and 
cf.  No.  5245.  For  the  tobacco  excise  see  also  Nos.  7551,  7554,  75^3,  7625, 
7634,  7640,  7670. 

6fxi3iin. 

7546  FRANCE.        BRITAIN 
FREEDOM.     SLAVERY 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  July  28"^  lySg.  by  J.  Aitken  Printseller  N.  14.  Castle  Street 

Leicester  Field. 
Price  2^* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  two  compartments.  On  the 
1.  the  triumph  of  Necker  in  a  land  of  *  Freedom',  in  the  other  that  of  Pitt 
in  a  land  of  'Slavery'. 

Necker  (full  face),  seated  in  an  armchair  is  carried  on  the  shoulders  of 
distinguished  personages,  who  wave  their  hats.  He  holds  in  his  r.  hand 
the  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty,  in  his  1.  a  royal  crown.  He  is  stout  and  benevo- 
lent. Above  his  head  floats  a  laurel  wreath,  irradiated,  inscribed  Necker, 
and  adding  a  touch  of  absurdity.  Under  his  feet  are  a  chain  and  an  instru- 
ment of  torture  resembling  a  harrow.  The  naval  officer  (1.)  wearing  a  star, 
who  holds  one  pole  of  the  chair,  is  labelled  Orleans ;  his  companion,  in  regi- 
mentals, is  probably  Lafayette ;  both  wave  their  hats.  In  the  background 
is  a  cheering  crowd  and  the  massive  but  broken  stone  wall  of  the  Bastile. 

On  the  r.  Pitt,  lean  and  arrogant,  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  on  a  royal 
crown  which  bends  under  his  weight  (as  in  No.  7478).  In  his  r.  hand  is 
a  banner  on  which  are  instruments  of  torture:  a  harrow,  shackles,  and 
scourges;  in  his  1.  hand,  which  rests  on  his  hip,  are  a  headsman's  axe  and 
chains,  the  other  ends  of  which  are  attached  to  persons  who  kneel  humbly 
behind  him,  the  most  prominent  of  whom  is  the  King.  Other  chains  are 
attached  to  artisans,  &c.,  who  kneel  abjectly  before  him.  In  the  background 
are  (1.)  a  gallows  from  which  hang  seven  nooses,  and  (r.)  a  high  scaffold 

617 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

on  which  stands  a  headsman  with  an  axe.  From  Pitt's  pocket  projects  a 
large  tobacco-pipe  inscribed  Excise. 

On  12  July,  when  Necker's  dismissal  was  discovered,  wax  busts  of 
Necker  and  Orleans  (by  Curtz  or  'Curtius')  were  carried  in  triumph 
through  Paris,  the  populace  shouting  chapeau  has  (pi.  in  Gravures  his- 
tonques  . . .  1789,  copy  in  Print  Room;  de  Vinck,  No.  1507).  When  Necker 
returned  in  triumph  to  Paris,  he  was  given  an  ovation.  Mme  de  Stael, 
Considerations  sur  la  Rev.fr.,  1818,  i.  254-5.  Gillray  appears  to  combine 
both  occasions.  Necker  had  an  inflated  reputation  in  England  as  in  France, 
cf.  No.  7657  (1780).  Pitt's  arrogance,  cf.  Nos.  7479,  7936,  &c.,  is  con- 
trasted with  Necker's  beneficence ;  his  transference  of  his  tobacco  tax  from 
customs  to  excise  is  identified  with  slavery,  as  in  No.  7634.  The  first  of 
many  references  to  the  fall  of  the  Bastille,  see  No.  7550,  &c.  For  the  con- 
trast between  'Freedom'  and  'Slavery'  cf.  No.  8145. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  113. 
io|Xi7i  in. 

7546  a  slavery     freedom 

[Gillray.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    A  copy  or  the  original  of  No.  7546, 
reversed.   The  hat  and  arm  of  Lafayette  extend  across  the  line  between 
the  two  compartments. 
lOjSgXHiiin. 

No.  7546  was  copied  in  reverse  in  France  in  aquatint,  each  portion  being 
a  separate  print : 

Constitution  de  la  Francey  de  Vinck,  No.  5783;  Hennin,  No.  10545. 
Necker's  wreath  is  absent.   Impression  in  Print  Room.  6|  X  5f  in. 

Constitution  d'Angleterre  on  le  triomphe  du  ministre  Pittfoulant  auxpieds 
la  couronne  d'Angleterre.^  Hennin,  No.  10544. 

7547  BAN-YAN  DAY  ON  BOARD  THE  MAGNIFICENT;  OR, 
PEASE  PORRIDGE  HOT  FROM  THE  COPPERS! 

[?  J.  Nixon.] 

At  N"  50  Oxford  S^  may  he  seeti  the  largest  Collection  in  Europe  of 

Caricatures— Admitf'  i  Shil^  London,  Pu¥  by  W"^  Holland,  N"  50, 

Oxford  S\  July  29,  lySg 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  King  and  three 
princesses  are  seated  at  a  round  dinner-table  on  the  deck  of  a  man-of-war. 
A  large  bowl  is  on  the  centre  of  the  table,  into  which  the  ladies  dip  their 
spoons ;  a  sailor,  putting  his  hand  on  the  King's  shoulder,  holds  a  spoon 
to  his  mouth.  The  King  clutches  a  dish  of  Cheese.  A  sailor  behind  the 
King  (r.)  points  to  another  sailor  who  stands  at  the  top  of  a  ladder  leading 
up  to  the  deck  holding  a  bunch  of  turnips.  Military  bandsmen  (r.)  play 
a  drum  and  a  pipe;  two  negroes  standing  (1.)  behind  the  princesses 
play,  one  a  French  horn,  the  other  a  bassoon.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
On  piping  to  dinner  he  ask^d  what  the  Seamen  din'd  upon,  he  was  answered 
it  was  Ban-yan  day:  then  said  he  let  me  have  some  Pease  hot  from  the  Coppers. 

'  Another  French  copy  (etching),  probably  issued  after  the  outbreak  of  war,  is 
described  in  Volume  VII. 

618 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

A  Punch  Bowl  full  were  instantly  served  up.    Tom  Bowling  had  the  honor  of 

feeding  the  R /  Guests^  who  went  away  highly  pleased  with  their  nautical 

luncheon. 

On  18  July  the  King,  with  the  Princesses  Royal,  Augusta,  and  Elizabeth, 
went  on  board  the  Magnificent  from  Weymouth,  and  took  a  cold  collation 
in  the  cabin.  London  Chronicle ^  21  July  1789.  Mrs.  Harcourt  notes  in  her 
diary  the  frequent  sea-expeditions  of  the  royal  party :  'The  sailors  delighted 
in  the  Princesses  and  said  they  would  make  capital  wives  for  sailors  and 
soldiers  and  other  poor  men.'  Diary,  Philobiblon  Society,  187 1-2.  Cf. 
No.  7549.  Banyan  day  is  a  sea-term  for  days  on  which  no  meat  is  allowed 
to  sailors.   Grose,  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue^  1796. 

Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7544. 
8|Xi4|in. 

7548  THE  OFFERING  TO  LIBERTY. 

[Gillray.] 

Price  2'^  plain — London  Pu¥  Aug  3^,  lySg,  by  J.  Aitken  N.  14  Castle 
Street  Leicester  Fields. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Liberty  (r.)  enthroned 
on  the  ruins  of  the  Bastile,  receives  the  acclamations  of  the  French  people 
who  are  headed  by  A  repentant  Monarch :  Louis  XVI,  in  royal  robes,  kneels 
on  one  knee  at  her  feet,  holding  up  to  her  his  crown.  A  broken  axe  lies 
on  the  ground  before  him.  Liberty,  who  is  irradiated,  holds  the  cap  of 
Libertas  on  her  staff;  she  extends  her  r.  hand  graciously  to  Louis,  saying: 

Receive  from  Liberty  your  Crown  again! 

And  He  that  wears  the  Crown  immortally 

Long  guard  it  yours. 

She  is  The  Goddess  of  the  Noble  Mind.  Behind  the  King  walk  together 
Orleans,  and  Necker,  inscribed  respectively  Honor,  &  Virtue.  The  latter 
holds  out  as  offerings  to  Liberty  a  purse  and  a  flaming  heart.  Orleans 
holds  out  his  sword  and  a  chain  to  which  are  attached  five  prisoners  who 
walk  behind  him.  The  first  is  a  stout  woman  wearing  a  crown  or  tiara  to 
which  is  attached  a  veil.  She  advances  defiantly,  her  r.  fist  clenched,  put- 
ting to  her  mouth  a  bottle  of  Rhenish ;  she  is  Messalina,  a  travesty  of  Marie 
Antoinette.  Behind  her,  terrorstruck,  walk  two  men  with  coins  dropping 
from  their  over-full  pockets  followed  by  two  women  weeping,  one  fat  with 
a  pouch  bulging  with  coins,  the  other  thin.  These  four,  whose  wrists  like 
that  of  'Messalina'  are  chained,  are  Pests  of  France  &  Britain  German-Toad- 
eaters — and — German  Counsellors.  Behind  them  marches  La  Fayette, 
General  of  a  free  People-,  he  holds  in  both  hands  a  banner  with  a  fleur-de- 
lys  device  inscribed  Libertas.  Behind  and  on  the  extreme  1.  march  serried 
ranks  of  the  National  Guard  carrying  muskets  with  fixed  bayonets.  They 
are  Free  Citizens  or  Extirpators  of  Tyranny.  In  the  background,  behind 
the  procession,  an  immense  crowd  is  indicated ;  they  wave  their  arms  and 
their  hats  in  wild  enthusiasm. 

This  and  No.  7546  illustrate  the  first  reactions  in  England  to  news  of 
the  fall  of  the  Bastille.  The  allusion  to  'German  toad-eaters',  &c.,  as  a  pest 
of  England  indicates  Mrs.  Schwellenberg,  cf.  No.  7906.  See  No.  7550,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  113. 
8iX23/6in. 

619 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7549  A  FRESH  BREEZE. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Augs^  4.  lySg  by  S.W.  Fores  N"  3.  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  The  royal  party  on  board  a  vessel  which,  though  the  sail  is 
inscribed  Southampton  Frigate^  resembles  a  fishing-vessel.  They  are  seated 
in  the  stern  in  the  worst  throes  of  sea-sickness :  the  King  (centre),  his  hat 
tied  on  with  a  handkerchief,  clasps  his  stomach.  One  of  the  princesses, 
holding  a  smelling-bottle,  supports  the  Queen.  The  helmsman  is  impeded 
by  a  fat  lady  who  drinks  from  a  bottle.  A  princess  (1.)  droops  despairingly, 
another  (r.)  appeals  to  Heaven  for  mercy.  A  sailor  (1.)  carries  off  a  bucket, 
holding  his  nose.  Below  the  deck  appear  the  heads  of  two  beef-eaters, 
vomiting. 

During  their  visit  to  Weymouth  the  royal  party  made  many  sea-trips 
on  the  Southampton  frigate,  the  details  of  which  appeared  in  the  Press. 
On  20  July  the  frigate  put  to  sea  on  a  rough  day ;  the  Queen  was  very  sea- 
sick, but  the  King  and  Princesses  'experienced  little  or  no  inconvenience*. 
Ann.  Reg.,  p.  263.   Cf.  No.  7547,  7556. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i,  258-9. 
9|Xi4f  in. 


7550  LA  CHUTE  DU  DESPOTISME.  THE  DOWNFALL  OF 
DESPOTISM. 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  Wilh  Holland  N""  50,  Oxford  Street  August  14,  lySg 
In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humourous  Prints  Admittance  One  Shilling. 

Lately  Pu¥  by  W  Holland — The  Princes  Bow  Meeting  an  old  Friend 
with  a  new  Face.  English  Slavery.  13-6  each,  Co¥  Old  Maids  at  a 
Cats  Funeral  6-0,  Procession  to  S^  PauVs  6-0  Beauties  of  Fashion 
7_o  R 1  Dippers  at  Weymouth  3-0  Sale  of  English  Beauties  6.0. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  symbolical  repre- 
sentation of  the  fall  of  the  Bastille.  The  inscriptions,  in  incorrect  French, 
are  translated  beneath  the  design,  here  given  in  brackets.  On  the  r.  is  a 
portion  of  the  building,  still  intact,  with  a  lowered  drawbridge  on  which 
stand  two  emaciated  prisoners  with  long  beards  and  talons  for  nails  clad  only 
in  scanty  draperies.  They  address  Orleans,  who  stands,  with  extended  arms, 
saying,  *Regardez  Mes  amis  les  effet  louables  \sic\  d'aristocraciel  (*Behold, 
my  friends,  the  lamentable  effects  of  Aristocracy).  A  prisoner  exclaims, 
clasping  his  hands,  \Ohl  Quel  luminaire  glorieux!  {-fHail,  thou  glorious  lumin- 
ary!). On  the  roof  sits  Liberty  with  the  staff  and  cap  of  Libertas,  on  a 
circular  pedestal  inscribed  Montesquieu,  Raynal,  Voltaire,  Rousseau.  At  her 
feet  stand  an  officer  and  a  civilian  displaying  Liberty  to  those  below;  they 
are  presumably  Lafayette  and  Necker.  All  three  are  irradiated.  On  the 
ground  below,  Louis  XVI  kneels  in  profile  to  the  1.  with  his  back  to  the 
Bastille,  facing  with  clasped  hands  the  Comte  d'Artois  and  Marie- Antoinette 
enclosed  in  a  setting  sun  (of  tyranny),  which  sinks  below  the  level  of  the 
ground ;  round  its  disk  are  instruments  of  torture :  chains,  scourges,  an  axe, 
a  wheel,  a  harrow.  Artois,  stamping  and  clasping  his  forehead  in  despair, 

620 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

exclaims,  *Helas!  Artois  miserable  Q'un  Sortie  est  le  tionf  {* Miserable  Artois^ 
what  an  exit's  thine.)  The  Queen  says  to  Louis,  ^Renvoyez  vos  troupes  au 
plus  lit  nous  avons  perdu  {^Send  back  your  Troops — all  is  over).  Behind  the 
King  the  attackers  of  the  Bastille,  all  in  regimentals,  with  a  flag  inscribed 
Libertas,  are  fighting  at  close  quarters  with  the  garrison ;  muskets  are  being 
fired  and  sabres  used. 

The  print  well  represents  the  attitude  towards  the  fall  of  the  Bastille  which 
(in  France  and  abroad)  became  a  symbol  of  the  aspirations  of  the  Revolution. 
For  prints  relating  to  it  see  de  Vinck,  Nos.  1 533-1722.  The  facts  had  little 
relation  to  the  symbolism :  the  governor  surrendered  on  a  promise  of  safety 
for  himself  and  the  small  garrison,  but  was  murdered.  What  little  fighting 
was  done  was  by  deserters  from  the  Gardes  Frangais.  See  Flammermont, 
Lajournee  du  I4yuillet  17 Sg^  1892;  C.  D.  Hazen,  The  French  Revolutiony 
1932,  Chap.  IX.  For  the  seven  prisoners  cf.  de  Vinck,  No.  1628.  One  of 
the  aged  prisoners  depicted  is  probably  J.  F.  X.  Whyte,  known  as  Count 
Whyte  de  Melville,  b.  Dublin  1730,  transferred  15  July  1789  to  the  asylum 
at  Charenton.  Alger,  Englishmen  in  the  French  Revolutiony  1889,  pp.  10, 
333.   See  also  Nos.  7160,  7546,  7548,  7558,  7561,  7634,  7665,  7678,  7685. 

Similar  in  manner  to  Nos.  7554,  7632. 
i6|X2o|in. 

7551  A  JOURNEY  TO  YORK. 

A  JOURNEY  TO  WEYMOUTH.  [c.  August  1789] 

Engraving.  A  design  in  two  compartments,  one  above  the  other,  contrast- 
ing the  reception  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  in  York  with  the  (imaginary) 
reception  of  Pitt  on  a  visit  to  the  King  at  Weymouth. 

[i]  The  Prince's  travelling  chaise  is  being  dragged  (r.  to  1.)  through  the 
streets  by  an  enthusiastic  crowd.  The  Prince  and  a  companion  are  seen 
within  the  chaise,  on  the  door  are  the  Prince's  feathers  and  G.P.  On  the  1. 
the  corporation  in  their  robes  wait  to  receive  the  Prince,  the  mayor  indi- 
cated by  his  chain ;  one  man  holds  the  civic  mace,  another  a  flag  inscribed 
Long  Live  Britannia's  future  hope.  One  of  the  crowd  waves  a  Union  flag 
inscribed  The  Prince  &  old  England  for  ever.  Behind  the  chaise  the  crowd 
is  headed  by  a  man  holding  a  large  flag  inscribed : 
Success  to  the  Howards 

—  Russells 

—  Percies^ 

—  Cavendishes 

—  Benticks 

—  Spencers 
and  Earl  Fitzwilliam 

The  horses  from  the  chaise,  one  ridden  by  a  postiHon,  are  led  by  the  cheer- 
ing crowd. 

The  Prince's  visit  to  York  was  the  occasion  of  a  Whig  demonstration. 
He  arrived  at  York  race-ground  on  24  Aug.  in  Earl  Fitzwilliam 's  carriage, 
from  which  the  horses  had  been  taken :  'they  were  drawn  in  by  the  popu- 
lace with  great  eclat\  London  Chronicle y  27  Aug.  On  25  Aug.  the  Corpora- 

^  Hugh  Percy,  Duke  of  Northumberland,  at  first  a  supporter  of  Pitt,  took  the 
Foxite  side  in  the  Regency  crisis  (as  one  of  the  'armed  neutrality')  and  was  offered 
office  by  Fox.  D.N.B.  The  other  names  are  those  of  Whig  families  except  for 
Frederick  Howard,  Earl  of  Carlisle,  a  supporter  of  the  Coalition  who,  though  a 
friend  of  Fox,  had  been  in  North's  ministry. 

621 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL   SATIRES 

tion  (Mayor  T.  Hartley)  presented  him  with  the  freedom  of  the  City  and 
with  an  address  praising  his  conduct  during  the  Regency  crisis  (see  No. 
7377,  &c.).  Ibid.,  29  Aug.;  Huish,  Memoirs  of  George  /F,  1831,  i.  240-2. 
4|Xi2iin. 

[2]  Pitt's  carriage,  driving  headlong  (1.  to  r.),  is  attacked  by  an  angry 
crowd  with  axes;  one  horse  falls  to  the  ground;  a  bystander,  pointing  at 
Pitt,  who  leans  in  terror  from  the  carriage,  says.  The  Ax  ought  to  be  differ- 
ently employed f  he  borrows  two  Millions ^  to  pay  off  one — Damn  his  Finance 
and  Excise.  A  company  of  firemen  (1.)  direct  a  hose  upon  Pitt's  head;  two 
women  empty  chamber-pots  upon  him  from  a  window.  A  woman  shouts 
to  them  That*s  right  my  Girls  shower  your  blessings  on  him  He  will  by  &  by 
excise  all  he  dislikes  about  You,  On  the  extreme  r.  a  gallows  bestrides  the 
road,  a  noose  hanging  from  it ;  a  man  on  its  cross-bar  exclaims :  Bring  him 
to  me  &  I'll  pay  off  the  National  debt  This  is  what  the  Country  owes  him. 
Men  stand  below  with  pikes.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  the  sea  with  a  ship 
at  anchor  (partly  concealed  by  buildings) ;  her  Union  flag  is  lowered. 

Pitt  is  attacked  for  his  chastity,  for  his  excise,  see  No.  7545,  &c.,  and  for 
the  Sinking  Fund  which  was  established  in  1786,  see  Nos.  6915,  6960, 
7135,  7175,  7842,  7871.  See  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  188-95. 
Pitt  visited  the  King  at  Weymouth  on  Cabinet  business  in  August.  Hist. 
MSS.  Comm.y  Dropmore  Papers y  i.  488-9. 
4Jxi2jin. 

7552  THE  FREEMEN  TRIUMPHANT,  OR  THE  MARE  FOAL'D 
OF  HER  FOLLY, 

[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Lond""  pu¥  August  18  by  S  W  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  procession  (r.  to  1.)  of  the  Corporation 
of  Rochester  with  asses'  heads,  followed  by  indignant  fellow  townsmen. 
The  names  are  etched  beneath  as  in  No.  7521.  The  Mare,  probably  the 
Mayor  (Mathews),  walks  first,  braying,  and  so  Fm  done  0-0.  over  over ;  from 
his  pockets  hang  papers  inscribed  i  Fine — £100  2 — £100  (reversed).  A 
little  boy  runs  in  front  of  him  holding  a  wig.  Next  comes  Th — m — n 
(Alderman  Thompson),  sniffing  at  a  phial,  and  saying  Fm  sick,  Fm  sick. 

Sp ce  (Alderman  Spence),  very  stout,  says,  so  our  belly's  must  pinch  to 

pay  for  this.  N — c  Is — n  (Alderman  Nicholson)  says  0  that  we  had  Con- 
sulted the  recorder.  The  next  three  walk  on  the  prostrate  body  of  Fr — n — s, 
who  lies  face  downwards,  saying,  /  zvish  I  had  not  been  gossiping :  the  first, 

D nCy  says,  Fll  deny  bellonging  to  them ;  the  second,  F rdy  leaning  on 

his  stick,  says.  Lord  how  tired  I  am,  nothing  but  small  beer  now ;  the  third, 
G — t — Sy  clutching  a  document,  says,  /  zvish  I  had  known  Better  and  shewn 
the  book ;  from  his  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Copy  of  the  Fines 
(reversed).  Behind  this  man,  the  last  of  the  ass-headed  Corporation,  is  a 
signpost  pointing  (1.)  to  Rocsheter  [sic]  and  (r.)  to  Maidstone.  A  sailor  wear- 
ing trousers  inscribed  B — ckm — st — r  says  produce  your  account.  Behind 
him  Plumber  says  wheres  half  the  money  Collected  in  the  frost  for  the  poor. 
R — b — ns — on  says  /  am  resolv'd  to  probe  this  sore  to  the  bottom  to  amputate 
all  the  If  ected  parts  and  thoroly  to  purge  of  all  Latent  Diseases  of  the  Corpora- 
tions the  surgical  saws  and  instruments  under  his  arm  show  that  he  is  a 
surgeon.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  man  wearing  an  apron  {a  Snider)  and  hold- 

622 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1789 

ing  up  a  pair  of  shears,  who  says,  //  send  them  to  hell.  He  is  followed  by 
a  ballad-singer  {a  Chanter)  with  a  broadside  inscribed  At  Maidstone  assizes; 
she  cries,  Downfall  of  the  Mar  [Mayor]  and  Mules.  Behind  them  is  a  boy. 
The  details  are  obscure,  but  it  is  clear  that  proceedings  for  embezzle- 
ment of  City  funds  had  been  taken  against  the  Rochester  Corporation. 
See  also  No.  7521,  in  which  some  of  the  same  persons  appear,  and  of 
which  this  appears  to  be  an  imitation. 
6|X22j  in. 

7553  LES  SACREFICES  FORCES 
[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Aug*  ig  lySg  hy  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  the  sitting  of  the  States- 
General  on  the  night  of  Aug.  4-5.  Marie  Antoinette  stands  at  an  anvil  on 
which  she  is  breaking  the  crown,  her  hanmier  raised  to  strike;  piles  of 
plate  and  jewels,  with  a  star  of  the  order  of  St.  Louis,  lie  at  her  feet. 
Beside  her  the  little  Dauphin  sits  on  the  ground  wearing  an  enormous 
cocked  hat  in  which  is  a  tricolour  cockade.  He  holds  a  broken  sceptre,  and 
says,  with  one  hand  to  his  eye  as  if  weeping,  qu'on  me  laisse  an  moins  ce 
Joujou.  The  Queen  says,  et  a  moi  troispetits  SouperSy  par  Semaine.  Behind 
her  a  grinning  demon  blows  with  bellows  a  fire  in  which  a  piece  of  plate 
is  being  melted.  Behind  them  is  the  hooded  chimney  of  a  smithy.  On  the 
r.  Louis  XVI  turns  the  screw  of  a  stamping-machine  as  if  making  buttons, 
piles  of  which  lie  at  his  feet.  He  says,  Je  Sacrifierai  tout^  pourvu  que  la 
Chasse  me  reste  et  quelques  morceaus  de  Per  pour  les  tems  de  pluie. 

Behind,  a  file  of  three  men  enters  through  a  door;  they  carry  on  their 
heads  piles  of  plate  which  they  are  taking  to  the  smithy.  Their  leader  is 
an  aristocrat,  hat  in  hand ;  the  other  two  are  members  of  the  clergy ;  the 
last  says  Stop  Thief  ^  looking  to  the  r.,  towards  two  men  with  large  money- 
bags standing  in  a  second  doorway ;  one  of  these  says  to  the  other  Emportez 
Vite, . .  .a  Turin  et  en  Passant  lefeu  a  tous  les  Moulins.  He  is  surreptitiously 
taking  money-bags  from  a  cupboard  inscribed  Cabinet  de  Largent  pour  La 
Nation ;  some  of  the  bags  are  inscribed  Maison  de  Ville. 

A  satire  on  the  surrender  of  feudal  privileges  on  Aug.  4  and  on  the  first 
emigration,  after  the  fall  of  the  Bastille,  when  the  Comte  d'Artois  (probably 
represented  here)  and  others  of  his  party  went  into  exile.  E.  Daudet,  Hist, 
de  V^migrationj  1904,  i.  Chap.  i.  Louis  XVI  was  noted  for  his  devotion 
to  mechanical  occupations  and  to  hunting,  to  the  detriment  of  state  affairs. 
Perhaps  intended  for  circulation  in  France.  Similar  in  character  to  No.  7376. 

9isXi5im. 

7554  A  POLITICAL  ACADEMY. 
HW 

Pu¥  the  3^  of  the  9'*  Moon  in  Utopia,  and  Republished  by  W"*  Holland, 
N°  50,  Oxford  Street  J  London 

In  Holland* s  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  all  the  French  Caricatures y  with 
the  largest  Collection  in  Europe  of  Humorous  Prints.  Admit'  One  ShiU, 

Engraving.  Ministers  execute  a  high  jump  on  the  stage  of  a  theatre  under 
the  direction  of  a  dwarf  who  stands  on  a  high  platform  to  which  a  ladder 

623 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

gives  access.  The  scene  is  viewed  from  the  back  of  the  stage,  which 
probably  resembles  that  of  Astley's  Amphitheatre;  behind  a  parapet  are 
several  rows  of  spectators.  On  the  r.,  above  the  stage,  is  the  royal  box  in 
which  the  King  and  Queen  are  seated ;  two  ladies  and  two  gentlemen  stand 
behind  them.  A  stout  lady  and  two  men  in  court-dress  watch  the  per- 
formance from  the  back  of  the  stage  beneath  the  box.  There  are  three 
jumps  becoming  progressively  higher  from  1.  to  r.  Pitt,  in  leaping  the 
highest,  falls  headlong  to  the  ground.  Behind  him  Thurlow,  in  his  Chan- 
cellor's robes  and  holding  the  mace  in  both  hands,  soars  triumphantly 
above  the  second.  The  Duke  of  Richmond  (1.)  runs  towards  the  lowest 
jump.  The  edge  of  a  draped  stage-curtain  forms  the  upper  part  of  the 
design.  Beneath  it  are  inscriptions  on  three  placards  forming  a  species  of 
triptych ;  in  the  centre : 

Rules  and  Orders. 
I   No  gentleman  to  attempt  the  prime  ministers  leap^  except  he  promises  to 

introduce  a  general  Excise. 
2^  No  gentleman  to  attempt  the  Lord  Chancellors  leap — except  he  can  swear 

with  a  good  grace 
3*^  No  gentleman  to  attemt  the  Master  of  the  Ordinance's  leap  except  he  dis- 

pises  the  Navy  and  hates  the  smell  of  gunpowder. 

4  No  gentleman  to  leap  without  Breeches  except  from  the  North 

5  No  gentleman  to  kick  another  on  the  Breech  whilst  leaping. 

6  Should  any  gentleman  from  the  East  wish  to  attempt  a  leap  it  is  requird 
that  he  should  possess  a  great  number  of  Diamonds! 

On  the  1.  is  inscribed : 

The  Sieur  Jablanouski  takes  this  Public  method  to  express  his  Thanks  to 
the  E.  of  Ch — t — Id  for  haveing  introduced  the  Saltatorian  Art  into  the 
Ancient  Kingdom  of  Utopia. 

On  the  r.  is  inscribed : 

It  haveing  been  found  impossible  to  convince  a  certain  number  of  gentlemen 
distinguished  by  their  attachment  to  the  Heir  apparent  to  the  Crown  of 
Utopia  of  the  Efficacy  &  absolute  Necessity  of  the  Sieur  instructions^  thay 
are  on  that  account  to  be  for  ever  excluded  from  this  Academy. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

The  Sieur  Jablanouski  Ju^t  arrived  from  Lilliput,  where  he  has  had  the  honour 

to  instruct  the  Prime  M ,  the  Lord  High  C ,  and  all  the  first  Politi- 

cal  Characters  of  that  truly  great  and  renowned  Empire — now  offers  his 
service  to  the  Nobility  and  others  who  are  desirous  of  distinguishing  themselves 
at  the  illustrious  Court  of  Utopia. — It  has  long  been  the  mistaken  notion  at 
this  Courts  that  Virtue^  highly  cultivated  Understandings  Integrity^  and 
Honour s  were  the  proper  requisites  for  Gentlemen  who  wished  to  become  Min- 
isters ^  Chancellors,  Secretaries  of  S ,  &c  &c. — The  Sieur  Jablanouski, 

therefore,  from  well  authenticated  facts,  undertakes  to  prove,  that  none  of  the 
above  qualities  are  at  all  necessary;  and  that  if  Gentlemen  Candidates  are  only 
endowed  with  a  moderate  pliability  of  the  back  bone!  he  will  assure  them  that 
a  very  little  practice  in  the  method  which  he  teaches,  will  enable  them  to  vault 
into  Pensions,  Places,  and  Preferments,  over  the  heads  of  all  other  Candidates 
who  puzzle  their  brains  for  the  good  of  the  state  in  the  old  way. 

A  comprehensive  attack  on  the  Ministry:  for  their  attitude  to  the 
Regency,  see  No.  7377,  &c. ;  for  Pitt's  transference  of  the  duty  on  tobacco 
from  customs  to  excise,  see  No.  7545,  &c. ;  for  Richmond's  plan  of  fortifica- 

624 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

tions,  see  No.  6921,  &c.,  and  supposed  cowardice,  see  No.  7533,  &c.;  for 
the  alleged  corrupt  support  of  Warren  Hastings,  see  No.  6966,  &c.   For 
Thurlow's  oaths  cf.  No.  7320.   A  parody  of  the  advertisements  of  Boru- 
wlaski,  the  Polish  Dwarf,  see  No.  7065. 
9ixi4jin. 

7555  LORD  MOUNT  SKINFLINT'S  DINNER. 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W  Holland,  N""  50  Oxford  Street  Sep^  23  lySg. 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints.  Admittance  One  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  naval  officers  stand  outside  the 
iron  gates  of  Mount  Edgcumbe  (Plymouth).  A  military  officer  (1.)  has  just 
closed  the  gates,  pinching  between  them  the  nose  of  one  of  the  naval  officers. 
Within  the  gates,  on  a  circular  drive  leading  to  the  house,  is  a  procession 
of  menservants  carrying  large  covered  dishes.  The  gates  are  by  the  water- 
side, two  men  in  a  boat  with  a  sail  lie  alongside  the  path,  to  which  a  plank 
has  been  placed.  They  watch  the  excluded  officers  whose  attitudes  express 
surprise  and  indignation. 

On  21  Aug.  1789  the  royal  party  was  escorted  by  a  naval  procession  to 
dine  at  Mount  Edgcumbe,  where  the  officers  also  expected  to  dine,  but 
were  not  invited.  Fanny  Burney  records  'the  rage  of  the  sea-captains  on 
being  disappointed  .  .  .'  Diary,  24  Aug.  1789.  Viscount  Mount-Edg- 
cumbe,  who  is  probably  the  officer  closing  the  gates  (he  had  the  rank  of 
admiral),  was  created  earl  on  31  Aug.  1789.   Cf.  No.  7556. 

7556  THE  HIGH  ROAD  TO  PREFERMENT. 
[?H.W.] 

London  Pub:  by  W  Holland  N""  50  Oxford  Street.  Sep""  26.  ijSg. 
In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints  and  Drawings  Admittance  one  Shilling. 

Just  Pu¥  Lord  Mount  Skinflints  Dinner  Scotch  Wedding — Journey  to 
Weymouth  and  Journey  to  York —  R /  Dipping,  &c.  &c. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  scene  on  the  quarter-deck  of  a  frigate : 
the  King  (1.)  and  the  Queen  (r.)  hold  a  rope  over  which  a  gentleman  is  leap- 
ing with  an  expression  of  grim  determination.  Four  men,  one  wearing  a 
ribbon,  stand  behind  the  King ;  two  princesses  and  an  elderly  lady  behind 
the  Queen.  Beside  her  is  a  gentleman  who  urges  on  the  candidate  for 
preferment.  A  grinning  sailor  (r.)  stands  at  the  top  of  the  companion 
ladder  leading  to  the  deck.  An  awning  covers  the  deck.  In  the  background 
is  the  sea  and  (r.)  the  adjacent  coast. 

A  satire  on  the  sea-trips  taken  by  the  royal  family  during  their  visit  to 
Weymouth  (usually  in  the  Southampton  frigate),  cf.  Nos.  7547,  7549.  See 
Ann.  Reg.,  1789,  pp.  261-6.  Also  (probably),  on  the  four  promotions  in 
the  peerage  of  18  Aug.,  one  being  that  of  Mount-Edgcumbe,  see  No.  7555. 
Ibid.,  p.  240. 
9|Xi3iin. 

625  ss 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7557  ST  GEORGE  &  THE  DRAGON  &  MADLLE  RIPOSTING. 
[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  Octr  12  lySg  by  S  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  boxing  scene  (two  couples):  the 
Prince  of  Wales  and  Hanger  are  worsted  by  d'Eon  and  St.  George.  In  the 
foreground  (r.)  Hanger  staggers  backwards  under  the  attack  of  St.  George ; 
his  hat  and  bludgeon  are  on  the  ground  beside  him,  St.  George  says,  Now 
in  de  Mouthy  den  in  de  Eye,  &  den  where  you  like.  Behind  and  on  the  1.  the 
Prince  stands  limply  in  front  of  an  arched  doorway.  The  Chevalier  d'Eon, 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  faces  the  Prince  with  clenched  fists.  His  dress  and  atti- 
tude recall  the  print  of  the  famous  fencing-match  at  Carlton  House  on 
9  Apr.  1787,^  though  he  is  in  the  position  of  a  boxer,  not  of  a  fencer.  He 
wears  a  frilled  muslin  cap  and  fichu,  with  ruffled  elbow  sleeves  as  in  that 
print;  he  says  villyou  have  de  toder  Stroke.  The  Prince,  putting  his  r.  hand 
to  his  eye,  says,  no  no  I  find  I  cant  Stand  up  to  yow  now  Tm  done,  Oh!  my 
Eye.  His  feathered  hat  is  at  his  feet.  Behind  him  is  the  curving  baluster 
of  a  descending  staircase.   On  the  wall  is  the  inscription :  Gentlemen  and 

Ladies  Taught  the  polite  Arts  of  Boxing,  Fencing  &c  &c  by George  & 

D'Eon.  On  the  1.  hang  two  crossed  foils  with  a  pair  of  fencing-masks. 

On  the  r.  is  a  picture  of  St.  George  in  classical  draperies  riding  down  an 
ass  which  he  transfixes  with  his  spear. 

Perhaps  a  satire  on  the  discomfiture  of  the  Prince  by  the  King's  recovery 
and  the  withdrawal  of  the  Regency  Bill.  See  No.  7509,  &c.  For  d'Eon  see 
Catalogue,  vol.  v. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cxxxvii. 

9gXi3iiin. 

7558  THE  IRON-MASK 

London  Publishd  Ocf  ly.  lySg  by  Wilh  Maynard  St.  Martins  Court 
Leicesterfields 

Engraving.  A  large  building  is  in  flames,  to  the  delight  of  a  cheering  mob 
with  pikes;  but  the  portion  of  it  in  the  foreground,  a  heavy  gate  (r.) 
inscribed  Logements  pour  des  Heretiques,  is  intact.  Before  it  stands  a  stout 
monk  displaying  to  a  group  of  well-dressed  men  a  grotesque  mask,  too 
large  to  fit  a  human  face.  Heavy  chains  are  draped  across  the  gateway. 
The  spectators  look  at  it  with  alarm ;  some  are  running  away.  Flames  and 
smoke  issue  from  the  burning  building  which  is  inscribed  Vive  le  feu. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched: 

A  dungeon  horrible  on  all  sides  round 

one  great  furnace  flamd  yet  from  those  flames 
No  light  but  rather  darkness  visible 
Servd  only  to  discover  sights  of  woe!  Milton 

The  taking  of  the  Bastille,  see  No.  7550,  &c.,  naturally  revived  interest 
in  the  Man  in  the  Iron  Mask  (d.  1703)  and  it  was  reported  that  his  body, 
still  masked,  had  been  found  chained  in  a  dungeon.  Cf.  the  opera.  Island 
of  St.  Marguerite,  by  the  Hon.  John  St.  John,  based  on  Voltaire's  account 

^  Reproduced,  Angelo,  Reminiscences,  1904,  ii.  46;  attributed  to  Picot  after 
Robineau.  Attributed  by  Wright  and  Evans  to  Gillray,  and  reprinted  in  Bohn's 
Gillray,  1851  (No.  375). 

626 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

of  the  Man  in  the  Iron  Mask,  in  which  the  Temple  of  Liberty  rises  from 
the  ruins  of  the  castle.   Drury  Lane,  13  Nov.  1789.  Genest,  vi.  586.  Cf. 
also  Blake's  poem.  The  French  Revolution  (1791). 
9|Xioi  in. 

7559  SERGENT  RECRUTEUR. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Oct  24^  lySg  by  S.W.  Fores  iV''  3  Piccadilly 
Fores' s  Museum  is  now  Opened  Admit,  i  shill  the  largest  Colletion  in  the 
Kingdom. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impression).  The  Due  d 'Orleans  as 
a  recruiting  sergeant  addresses  a  group  of  Billingsgate  fish- wives  who  treat 
him  with  contempt  and  ridicule.  He  wears  a  frogged  tunic  and  a  fur  cape ; 
a  scarf  across  his  shoulder  is  inscribed  Vive  la  liberte.  In  his  1.  hand  he 
holds  a  long  pike.  Beside  him  is  a  grotesque  drummer,  the  Frenchman  of 
caricature,  who  beats  his  drum  with  a  ferocious  scowl  at  the  fish-wives. 
A  young  woman  behind  him  on  the  extreme  r.  holds  up  his  long,  stiffened 
queue  and  displays  it  to  a  companion.  The  fish-wives  are  ugly  old  women, 
with  one  comely  younger  one;  they  are  drawn  with  great  freedom  and 
expressiveness,  and  are  typical  of  insular  insolence.  One  sits  on  the  ground 
beside  two  baskets  of  fish,  one  filled  with  writhing  eels.  Five  stand  behind 
her,  one  (1.)  smoking  a  pipe  clenches  her  fists ;  another  (r.)  pours  out  a  glass 
of  gin.  Behind  (r.)  are  the  columns  of  Billingsgate  market,  inscribed 
BillinsgatBy  and  (1.)  sails  and  rigging.  Above  the  design  is  etched  Serjeant 
Kite  [from  Farquhar's  Recruiting  Officer]. 

Orleans  incurred  great  unpopularity  for  his  supposed  instigation  of  the 
attack  on  Versailles,  see  No.  7668,  &c.  He  left  France  hurriedly,  14  Oct. 
1789,  on  a  fictitious  mission  to  England  given  him  by  Louis  XVI  at  the 
request  of  Lafayette.  His  visit  was  the  occasion  of  many  squibs,  e.g. 
Nouvelles  de  Londres  [1789].  See  also  de  Vinck,  No.  5785;  Challamel, 
i.  66-7. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  252-3. 
9fXi5iin. 

7560  LE  ROI  ESCLAVE  OU  LES  SUJETS  ROIS 
FEMALE  PATRIOTISM 

[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Oct  31  lySg  by  SW  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  The  King,  Queen,  and  Dauphin  of  France  are  driven  (r.  to  1.) 
by  a  procession  of  women  from  Versailles  to  Paris.  On  the  extreme  1. 
Marie-Antoinette  walks  between  the  little  Dauphin,  whose  1.  hand  she 
holds,  and  Louis  XVI,  who  raises  his  1.  arm  and  looks  behind  him,  exclaim- 
ing, oh  ma  femme  qu'avez  vous  fait.    The  Queen  says  oh  mon  cher  pour 

cettefois  le  C a  emporte  la  tete.   The  child  wears  a  large  cocked  hat  and 

a  ribbon  inscribed  quam  dolendo ;  he  says  Mon  pere  etoit  pot  ma  mere  etoit 
brocey  ( })  et  ne  pouvoit  etre  autrement.  Beside  them  is  a  signpost,  point- 
ing (r.)  To  Versailes  and  (1.)  To  Paris  (reversed). 

Behind  them  is  a  cannon  pushed  by  a  band  of  women  carrying  muskets 
with  fixed  bayonets,  and  with  cartouche  boxes  slung  across  their  shoulders. 
A  woman  of  meretricious  appearance  sits  astride  the  cannon,  holding  a 

627 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

long  sharp  spit  with  which  she  threatens  the  King.  The  women  say :  Nous 
Savons  ausi  [sic]  bien  que  les  Canoniers  mettre  le  feu  au  canon  \  tuez  lesy  tuez 
les  tons  and  (twice)  Vive  la  Nation.  Behind  this  band  walks  a  woman  carry- 
ing a  man's  head  on  a  pike;  she  turns  to  say  to  Lafayette  who  marches 
behind  her :  si  vous  etes  traitre  on  vous  traitera  ainsi.  He  is  more  caricatured 
than  the  other  figures,  his  thin  legs  are  in  large  jack-boots ;  he  puts  his 
hand  on  his  breast  with  a  rhetorical  gesture.  Beside  him,  on  the  ground, 
are  frogs.  The  next  band  of  women,  also  with  muskets,  has  a  banner 
inscribed  District  des  cordeliers  \  it  is  headed  by  a  woman  wearing  a  long 
sword  and  holding  a  rope.  Some  of  them,  one  wearing  a  large  sabre,  drag 
a  covered  wagon  in  which  are  sacks  of  corn.  They  say,  Dieu  soit  Loue  nous 
ne  manquerons  plus!  nous  avons  notre  Boulanger  et  la  Bouchere  et  la  petit 
mitron  avec  nous  oh  vous  ne  vous  echaperai  [sic]  plus.  They  have  a  flag 
inscribed  Vive  la  Nation.  Behind  is  a  crowd  of  women  and  a  lamp-post 
with  two  arms  from  which  hang  five  bodies.  Behind  the  centre  of  the 
procession  is  a  body  of  soldiers  evidently  intended  for  the  National  Guard. 
In  the  foreground  on  the  extreme  r.  stands  a  little  demon  wearing  a  large 
cocked  hat;  he  blows  a  trumpet,  saying,  chacun  y  trouve  son  avantage 
(probably  an  allusion  to  the  supposed  intrigue  of  Orleans,  see  No.  7559). 

A  satire  on  the  removal  of  the  King  and  royal  family  from  Versailles  to 
Paris  on  6  Oct.  1789.  One  of  the  more  prominent  women  must  be 
Theroigne  de  Mericourt.  See  Challamel,  i.  62-8;  Hazen,  The  French 
Revolution^  1932,  chap,  xii,  and  Nos.  7668,  7691.  For  French  prints  on 
the  days  of  5  and  6  Oct.  see  de  Vinck,  ii.  421  if. 

De  Vinck,  No.  3002. 
7  X  28  in. 


7561  AN  AMPHITHEATRICAL  ATTACK  ON  THE  BASTILE. 

Collings  del.  Etc¥  by  Barlow 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  NoV  P^  ijSg. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany y  i.  41.  A  stage  representation  of  the 
fall  of  the  Bastille.  At  the  back  of  the  stage  is  the  gate  of  a  fortress  flanked 
by  pinnacled  turrets,  each  with  a  cock  on  the  summit.  Next  it  is  a  flimsy 
timber  drawbridge  inscribed  This  is  a  Drawbridge.  In  front  of  the  gate  and 
behind  a  low  battlement  stands  the  governor  (de  Launay),  a  flag  inscribed 

France  over  his  shoulder,  but  holding  out  a  cloth  inscribed  D n  You 

what  do  you  want.  In  the  foreground  are  the  assailants  of  the  Bastille  with 
muskets,  some  in  regimentals  with  cocked  hats  and  long  pigtail  queues. 
One  man  in  back  view,  striking  an  attitude,  fires  with  his  cane  a  toy  cannon. 
They  have  a  Standard  of  Liberty  of  makeshift  appearance.  There  are  eight 
men  on  the  r.  and  two  on  the  extreme  L,  one  of  whom  holds  up  a  cloth 
inscribed  No  Bastille.  On  the  front  of  the  stage  is  a  paper :  Mr  Centaur 
can  assure  the  publick  sirwe  his  return  from  Paris  [engraved  above  DubliUy 
which  has  been  struck  out]  that  this  here  Bastile  is  the  most  exactest  of  any 
of  the  Bastiles  existin.  The  actors  are  out  of  proportion  to  the  scenery 
which  is  on  a  very  small  scale.  A  festooned  curtain  hangs  above  the  heads 
of  the  actors. 

A  satire  on  the  much  advertised  and  rival  performances  during  the 
autumn  of  1789  at  Astley's  Amphitheatre  and  at  Hughes's  Royal  Circus 
in  St.  George's  Fields:  e.g.  Astley  advertised  28  and  29  Oct.  as  the  two 

628 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

last  days  of  'the  popular  and  much  admired  performances*.  'The  Bastille 
and  the  head  of  the  Governor  together  with  that  of  the  Prevot  des  Mar- 
chands ;  .  .  .  the  real  military  proceedings  of  the  armed  citizens  during  the 
three  hours  siege  of  the  Bastille  .  .  .*  in  six  scenes.  Morning  Posty  28  Oct. 
1789.  For  the  fall  of  the  Bastille  see  No.  7550,  &c. 

Part  of  this  plate  was  reissued  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine^  June  1794, 
see  Catalogue^  vii. 
6fx8iiin. 

7562  EPISCOPAL  DELIGHT  A  SCENE  NEAR  OATLANDS,  OR 
THE  BABES  IN  THE  WOOD  WITH  RAWHEADON— BLOODY 
BONES. 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly  Nov""  13 — lySg 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady,  partly  hidden  by  a  sheaf  of  corn, 
reclines  against  a  tree.  The  Duke  of  York,  wearing  regimentals  and  a  mitre, 
prods  her  with  the  end  of  his  crozier.   She  holds  an  open  book  inscribed 

Monody  on  the  Death  of  the  D of  R d  [Rutland].    In  the  middle 

distance  and  on  the  extreme  1.  a  military  officer  stands  on  guard  holding 
a  sword  and  pistol :  he  says,  /  am  allways  ready  to  Pimp  or  Bully. 

The  lady  appears  to  be  the  Duchess  of  Rutland,  the  officer  on  guard 
Lord  Rawdon.    The  Duke  of  York  was  Bishop  of  Osnaburg  and  had 
recently  bought  Oatlands.   Cf.  No.  7633. 
8fxi3in. 

7563  THE  MINISTER  DIVING  INTO  THE  SECRETS  OF  THE 
TOBACCO  TRADE. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Nov:  14^  lySg 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  is  in  the  upper  part  or  hopper  of 
a  Snuff  Mill;  an  artisan  (1.)  turns  the  handle  and  from  its  spout  emerge 
Pitt's  legs,  inscribed  Popularity,  broken  in  fragments.  His  hair  stands  on 
end,  and  he  screams,  holding  up  his  arms;  his  body  is  inscribed  Tobacco 
Bill,  Various  persons  connected  with  the  tobacco  trade  attack  and  insult 
him.  On  each  side  stands  a  stout  citizen  puffing  smoke  at  him  from  a  long 
pipe;  an  artisan  (r.)  with  a  shovel  throws  snuff  at  him  from  a  basket 
inscribed  Snujf.  An  artisan  (1.)  belabours  him  with  a  club  (or  stick  of 
tobacco),  saying,  Here*s  a  bit  of  Pig-tail  for  you,  Master  Billy  derry  down, 
down,  derry  down.  A  fat  man  stands  in  the  foreground  (1.)  holding  a  froth- 
ing quart-pot  inscribed  True  man's  Entire,  and  a  paper  inscribed  License  5* 
Trial  without  Jury  open  to  excise  Officers  &c. ;  he  says  to  the  man  with  the 
'Pig-tail':  That's  right  give  the  poor  Devil  his  due.  Behind  him  and  on  the 
extreme  1.  is  a  grinning  profile.  On  the  r.  an  artisan  belabours  Pitt  with 
a  rod  made  of  tobacco  leaves,  saying.  You  must  be  prying  into  our  secrets, 
must  you?  take  that  for  it — you  Puppy — .  Another  in  the  foreground  flings 
snuff  into  his  face  with  a  shovel.  Behind  him  is  a  woman  about  to  strike 
with  a  broom  made  of  Real  Virginia ;  she  says,  A  Man!  Zounds  I  would  not 
give  a  grain  of  Shag  for  such  a  shabby  Thing.  On  the  extreme  r.  are  a  barrel 
of  Tobacco  and  a  grinning  man  holding  a  bundle  of  tobacco  leaves.  Beneath 

629 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  title  is  etched :  Addressed  to  the  Manufacturers  of  and  Dealers  in  Tobacco 
and  Snuffy  throughout  Prince  Pitt's  Dominions ^  and  recommended  to  all 
Publicans  to  hang  in  their  smoaking  Rooms  ^  in  commemoration  of  the  extention 
of  the  Excise  Laws,  which  took  place.  October  the  lo^^  17S9:  zvith  a  Song  to 
the  Tune  of  Derry  down. 
The  verses  follow  in  two  columns,  the  first  and  last  being : 
/  A  prattling  young  Minister ,  ?iot  long  ago. 
As  proud  as  the  Devil,  we  very  well  know. 
Fell  foul  of  Tobacconists',  and  thought  it  no  sin 
For  Excisemen,  day  and  night,  to  enter  in. 

Derry  down,  down,  down,  derry  down. 

VIII  Smuggling  to  crush,  we  are  told.  Excise  laws  were  made. 
Not  to  enslave  us,  but  to  encourage  fair  Trade; 
And  yet,  was  Billy  in  France,  tho'  they  are  well  bred, 
For  Excise  they'd  not  scruple  to  smuggle  his  head 
Derry  down  &c. 

For  Pitt*s  transference  of  the  duty  on  tobacco  from  customs  to  excise 
see  No.  7545,  &c.   For  'Prince  Pitt'  cf.  No.  7389,  &c. 
6JX9|in.  PI.  i3i^X9f  in. 

7564  GROUNDS  OF  FORTUNE  TELLING  OR  THE  PRINCELY 
REPAST. 

ICp  [Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥  Dece''  8  lySg  by  J  Aitken  Castle  S^  Leicester  Fields  London 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  breakfast-table  scene:  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert  seated  (r.)  flings  the  contents  of  a  coffee-cup  in  the  face  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (1.),  who  has  risen  from,  and  overturned,  his  chair.  He 
walks  away  from  the  table,  looking  at  her,  and  saying,  /  am  foold  to  the 
top  of  my  bent.  He  wears  a  military  coat  with  epaulettes  and  a  star.  Mrs. 
Fitzherbert  wears  a  morning  gown  with  a  large  frilled  cap;  she  sits  at  a 
small  rectangular  table  on  which  is  a  circular  tray  with  a  coffee-pot,  &c. 
Behind  it  is  a  blazing  fire ;  the  centre  of  the  carving  on  the  chimney-piece 
is  a  satyr's  head.  The  carved  oval  backs  of  the  two  chairs  are  formed  of  the 
Prince's  feathers.  On  each  side  of  the  wall,  on  the  extreme  1.  and  n,  is  part 
of  a  window. 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  domestic  life  of  the  Prince  and  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert.  Cf.  No.  8077. 
Sfxiain. 

7565  THE  NEW  BIRTH 
[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Dec  ly.  lySg.  by  SW  Fores  at  his  Caricature  Exhibition  Rooms 
N°  3  Piccadilly  The  Compleatest  Collection  in  the  Kingdom  Admif' 
I  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (1.)  in  bed,  supported 
on  her  r.  elbow,  looks  fixedly  towards  a  warming-pan  held  by  a  stout 
woman  who  approaches  the  foot  of  the  bed.  In  the  perforations  of  the  pan 

630 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1789 

are  stuck  three  ostrich  feathers;  a  monk,  holding  up  a  crucifix,  gazes  down 
at  it.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  wears  a  large  frilled  cap  and  a  nightdress  with  ruffles. 
The  fringed  bed-curtains  are  looped  up.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  part  of  a 
draped  table  on  which  are  a  cup,  bowl,  and  a  large  urn  (probably  materials 
for  caudle).  On  the  wall  are  three  pictures :  one,  the  Royal  Hunt,  a  man 
galloping  beside  hounds ;  this  has  the  motto  Ich  Ich  (in  place  of  Ich  dien) 
with  three  ostrich  feathers.  It  is  flanked  by  two  profile  heads  facing  each 
other :  one  is  Wig,  the  other  Torey,  but  they  do  not  appear  to  be  portraits. 
The  carpet  is  patterned  with  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers. 

The  warming-pan  is  probably  intended  to  suggest  a  spurious  birth  (with 
priestly  connivance),  as  in  the  case  of  the  son  of  James  II  (cf.  No.  1156). 
There  were  many  rumours  that  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  was  pregnant,  cf.  No. 
6954,  &c. 
9jXi5iin. 


631 


1789 

PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

7566-78 

Series  of  Tete-a-tete  Portraits 

7566  NO  XXXIV.  SIGISMUNDA. 
NO  XXXV.  TANCRED. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  Jan^  i;  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  535.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Holman,  his  debut  as  Romeo  at  Covent  Garden,  followed  by  great  success, 
theatrical  and  social,  in  Dublin.  Sigismunda,  identified  by  H.  Bleackley 
as  Miss  Hughes,  is  an  Irishwoman  who,  having  spent  her  fortune  and  lost 
her  reputation,  went  on  the  Dublin  stage.  She  was  a  poor  actress  and  has 
now  become  the  mistress  of  Holman. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7567  NO  XXXVII.  MRS  D 

NO  XXXVIII.  PARSON  PASQUIN. 

London.   Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street.  Jany  18,  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xx.  589.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Bate-Dudley  (Parson  Bate,  see  Catalogue,  vol.  v)  and  of  Mrs.  Dodwell. 
The  details  are  taken  from  the  reports  of  the  trial  of  Bate-Dudley  for  crim. 
con.  on  the  suit  of  Edward  Dodwell  on  8  Dec.  1788,  when  he  was  found 
not  guilty.  StQ  London  Chronicle,  11  Dec.  1788. 
Ovals,  six 2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7568  NO  II  THE  FILLE  DE  CHAMBRE. 
NO  III  THE  JERUSALEM  PILGRIM. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  FelP  i;  lySg. 

Engraving.  Tozon  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  9.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  He  is  Thomas 
Whaley  (1766-1800),  known  as  'Buck'  or  'Jerusalem'  Whaley.  See  Memoirs 
of  Buck  Whaley,  ed.  Sir  E.  Sullivan,  1906.  She  was  chambermaid  to  the 
White  Crow,  a  fashionable  demi-rep.  He  returned  to  Dublin  from  Jeru- 
salem in  June  or  July  1789. 
Ovals,  3iX2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7569  NO  IV.  THE  LITERARY  TRAVELLER. 

NO  V.  THE  GERMAN  CORRESPONDENT. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street  March  2^;  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  51.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  The  text  is  a  skit 
on  Lady  Craven's  'Journey  into  the  Crimea,  to  Constantinople ;  in  a  series 

632 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

of  Letters  .  .  .  to  .  .  .  the  Margrave  of  Brandebourg*.   (Reviewed,  Gent. 
Mag.,  March  1789,  vol.  59,  pp.  237-9.)  C)n  the  death  of  Lord  Craven  in 
1 79 1  she  married  the  Margrave  of  Brandenburg,  who  sold  his  principality 
in  1792  and  settled  in  England.  Cf.  Nos.  7436,  7960. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7570  NO  VII  MRS  F— S— R. 
NO  VIII  MR  MUS- — L. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street ,  April  i;  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  99.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  annexed  .  .  .'.  An 
account  of  Mrs.  Eraser,  who  was  neglected  by  her  husband  and  sent  by 
him  to  Lille,  where  she  met  Mr.  Mussel,  then  a  lieutenant  in  the  army. 
On  her  return  to  England  her  husband  ordered  her  to  go  to  Jamaica;  she 
thereupon  eloped  with  Mussel.  Eraser  brought  an  action  for  crim.  con., 
and  was  awarded  one  shilling  damages. 
Ovals,  3iX2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7571  NO  X  MISS  T— SD— Y. 
NO  XI  LORD  LIMP. 

London,  Published  by  A  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street  May  i;  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  147.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
the  (lame)  son  of  an  earl,  who  succeeded  his  brother  in  the  title.  When 
Lord  Limp  became  heir  to  the  title.  Miss  T.  eloped  with  him  to  the 
Continent.  He  neglects  his  wife,  who  lives  obscurely  on  a  bare  pittance, 
and  lives  with  Miss  T.,  on  whom  he  has  settled  £300  a  year.  The  latter 
assumes  the  title  and  position  of  his  wife. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2^  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7572  NO  XIII.  MISS  R 


NO  XIV.  THE  TREACHEROUS  HOST. 
London  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  June  i.  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  195.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
an  Irish  gamester  and  fortune-hunter  who  was  thrashed  by  George  Brereton 
and  was  afterwards  wounded  by  him  in  a  duel.  He  then  acquired  a  com- 
petency by  marriage  and  lived  at  Bath,  where  he  was  visited  by  Lord  R. 
and  his  family.  He  seduced  Miss  R. ;  on  becoming  pregnant  she  eloped 
with  him.  She  is  identified  in  a  contemporary  hand  as  Miss  Rodney.  He 
is  identified  by  H.  Bleackley  as  Richard  Wilson. 
Ovals,  3iX2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7573  NO  XVI.  THE  LITTLE  GIPSEY. 
NO  XVII.  THE  DUELLIST. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street,  July  i.  lySg. 

Engraving.   Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  243.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.   An  account  of 

633 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Lt.-Colonel  Charles  Lennox,  described  as  having  recently  acquired,  in 
vindicating  his  honour,  a  reputation  for  deficiency  in  judgement,  see  No. 
7531,  &c.  A  pretty  gipsy  girl  of  fifteen  who  attempted  to  pick  his  pocket 
while  he  was  asleep  in  a  wood  became  enamoured  and  pretended  to  tell 
his  fortune.  She  came  to  London,  met  courtesans,  and  becoming  a  demi- 
rep of  note  she  lost  the  attachment  of  'the  captain'  [sic]. 

Ovals,  3i  X  2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7574  NO  XIX.  MRS  A— B— N. 

NO  XX.  MR  ST  G E 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  i  Atig'^  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  291.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Harriet  Arabin  and  of  her  divorce  by  her  husband  Major  William  Arabin, 
of  the  Horse  Guards,  on  account  of  an  amour  with  Mr.  Thomas  Sutton 
of  East  Molesey.  Pending  the  legal  processes  (crim.  con.,  divorce,  and 
Act  of  Parliament)  Mrs.  Arabin  has  travelled  on  the  Continent  with  Mr. 
St.  George  of  Ireland,  and  it  is  probable  that  they  will  marry.  She  was 
the  daughter  of  Sir  Capel  Molyneux,  3rd  Bart.,  of  Castle  Dillon,  Armagh. 
Trial  (1786),  B.M.L.  518.  c.  17/1. 

Ovals,  3iX2j|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7575  NO  XXII.  MRS  w D. 

NO  XXIII.  THE  GALANT  DISTILLER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street,  Sep"  i.  lySg. 

Engraving.  Tow7i  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  341.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Mrs.  Walford,  who,  after  a  secret  liaison  of  four  years,  eloped  from  a 
(Pantheon)  masquerade  with  Mr.  Cooke,  a  wealthy  distiller  of  Stratford. 
The  husband  obtained  damages,  and  Mrs.  Walford  still  lives  under  the 
distiller's  protection.  For  the  trial  (1789)  see  B.M.L.  518.  c.  18/4. 

Ovals,  3iX  2ft  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b . 

7576  NO  XXV.  THE  YOUNG  MILLINER. 
NO  XXVI.  THE  OLD  SEDUCER 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun"  Fleet  Street,  OcV  i;  17 8g, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  387.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  young  girl  who  was  seduced  by  her  (late)  father's  friend,  a  man  of  over 
sixty  who  had  formally  proposed  marriage  and  obtained  her  confidence. 
He  then  managed  to  intoxicate  her  and  take  her  to  a  brothel,  after  which 
he  took  her  to  the  country,  still  as  her  future  husband,  but  soon  deserted 
her.  Her  mother  began  an  action  at  law  but  was  non-suited  and  saddled 
with  the  costs  of  both  parties. 

Ovals,  3iX  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

634 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

7577  NO  XXVIII  BECKEY. 

NO  XXIX  THE  LITTLE  MAJOR. 

London,  Puhlish'd  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street  Nozf  r,  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine y  xxi.  435.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Major  John  Scott  and  his  alleged  connexion  with  Topham:  there  is 
'scarcely  a  doubt'  that  he  recently  bought  a  share  in  "The  World'*  for 
£4,000,  and  has  written  much  of  the  recent  'dull  trash  and  paltry  abuse' 
which  has  prostituted  the  liberty  of  the  Press  (i.e.  on  the  trial  of  Hastings 
and  on  the  Regency  crisis).  Through  Topham,  he  met  'Beckey'  (Mrs. 
Wells),  who  laid  siege  to  him  in  order  to  indulge  her  appetite  for  money. 

For  the  World  see  No.  7210,  &c. 
Ovals,  3I X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7578  NO  XXI.  LUCINDA. 
NO  XXII.  MERCATOR. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  JunrFleet  Street,  Dec^  J,  lySg. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  483.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
an  elderly  merchant,  with  a  fortune  gained  through  speculation,  and  a  large 
family;  his  wife  is  entirely  absorbed  in  domestic  affairs.  He  set  himself 
to  seduce  a  girl  of  sixteen,  who  was  then  forced  to  become  his  mistress. 
She  has  lived  with  him  for  several  years  and  now  entirely  dominates  him ; 
should  his  wife  die  he  would  marry  her. 
Ovals,  3 J  X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442. 

7579  THE  PRESERVER  OF  THE  CHURCH  FROM  FANATICISM 

K  fecit  lySg 

Engraving.  Dr.  Alexander  Carlyle  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  a 
round  hat,  long  overcoat,  and  spurred  top-boots,  with  clerical  bands.  In 
his  1.  hand  he  holds  a  hunting-whip ;  his  1.  forefinger  is  extended  admonish - 
ingly.    See  No.  7580. 

'Collection',  No.  116;  Kay,  No.  XXIX. 

516X3  in. 

7580  THE  MODERN  HERCULES  DESTROYING  THE  HYDRA 
OF  FANATICISM 

Kay  fecit  lySg 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  Dr.  Alexander  Carlyle  stands  (r.)  raising 
a  huge  club  in  both  hands  and  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the  1.  towards 
a  beast  whose  many  heads  turn  in  profile  towards  their  enemy.  They  are 
portraits  of:  Professor  Dalzell  of  Edinburgh  University,  who  is  upper- 
most ;  below  him  is  Dr.  John  Erskine,  minister  of  Old  Greyfriars  Church ; 
to  the  r.  are  Dr.  Andrew  Hunter  of  the  Tron  Kirk,  who  admonishes 
Carlyle  with  a  raised  forefinger,  and  Hon.  Henry  Erskine,  Advocate.  Por- 
tions of  the  backs  of  two  other  heads  are  visible ;  Kay  intended  these,  and 

635 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

an  invisible  third,  to  represent  three  ministers :  Colin  Campbell  of  Renfrew, 
Burns  of  Forgan,  and  Dr.  Balfour  of  Glasgow.  Carlyle  wears  a  long  gown 
and  bands  over  closely  fitting  clothes  which  define  his  well-formed  figure. 

Carlyle,  Minister  of  Inveresk  near  Edinburgh,  was  the  exponent  of 
liberal  views  in  opposition  to  the  stricter  presbyterians ;  in  politics  he  was 
a  tory.  In  1789  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  principal  clerkship  to  the  General 
Assembly,  and  was  bitterly  opposed  by  the  old  presbyterian  party ;  he  was 
at  first  successful,  but  the  result  of  a  scrutiny  threatened  to  be  unfavourable 
and  he  withdrew;  he  had  roused  hostility  by  an  address  stating  that  it 
had  ever  been  his  object  to  correct  and  abate  the  fanatical  spirit  of  his 
country.   Carlyle,  Autobiography^  i860,  pp.  SS1~^'   ^^^  No.  7579. 

'Collection',  No.  120;  Kay,  No.  XXX. 
5iX4iin. 

7581  [MR  FRANCIS  BRAIDWOOD.] 

Kay  Fecit  lySg 

Engraving.  A  stout  man  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  up  his  1.  hand 
as  if  to  address  two  braying  asses,  whose  heads,  with  the  forefeet  of  one, 
appear  on  the  r.  of  the  design.  He  is  fashionably  dressed,  wearing  a  round 
hat,  sparrow-tail  coat,  and  shoe-strings  instead  of  buckles.  He  holds  a 
slim  cane.  On  the  ass's  hoofs  are  also  bows  of  ribbon.  Beneath  the  design 
is  engraved:  /  say  dont  Laugh  for  we  are  Brothers  (erased  in  Kay). 

Braidwood  was  a  successful  cabinet-maker  whom  Kay  caricatures  for 
his  foppishness,  and  for  being  the  first  to  wear  shoe-strings. 

'Collection',  No.  iii.   Kay,  No.  CCXIII. 
4AX3in. 

7582  THE  BRITISH  ANTIQUARIAN 

Kay  Del  &  Sculp  lySg 

Engraving.  Captain  Grose  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  inspecting  through 
a  glass  an  inscription  dated  1216  on  a  piece  of  old  masonry.  He  wears 
riding-dress  and  holds  a  cane  in  his  1.  hand;  his  vast  corpulence  is  made 
more  conspicuous  by  a  striped  double-breasted  waistcoat  which  projects 
beyond  his  breeches.   Drawn  during  Grose's  visit  to  Edinburgh  in  1789. 

'Collection',  No.  121.  Kay,  No.  XVIII. 
415X3  in. 

7583  ORNAMENTS   OF   CHELSEA   HOSPITAL;— OR— A  PEEP 
INTO  THE  LAST  CENTURY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥Jany  ig'^  lySg,  by  H.  Humphrey,  New  Bond  S'. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  T.Q.L.  portrait  of 
Dr.  Messenger  Monsey  walking  towards  the  spectator ;  his  r.  arm  rests  on 
the  shoulder  of  a  Chelsea  pensioner;  both  men  walk  with  sticks.  Monsey 
wears  a  hat  and  wig,  the  pensioner  holds  his  hat  in  his  r.  hand.  The  back- 
ground is  the  north  front  of  Chelsea  Hospital  showing  its  pediment  and 
eastern  portion.  This  is  very  freely  sketched,  as  are  two  pensioners  with 
crutches  by  the  doorway.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

636 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

Epitaph  on  the  late  D^  Monsey,  supposed  to  have  been  written  by  himself. 
Here  lie  my  old  limbs — my  -vexation  now  endsy 
For  Fve  liv'd  much  too  long  for  myself  &  my  Friends 
As  to  church-yards  &  grounds  which  the  Parsons  call  holy^ 
Tis  a  rank  piece  of  priestcraft  y  &  founded  on  folly ; 
In  shorty  I  despise  them;  and  as  for  my  Souly 
Which  may  mount  the  last  day  with  my  bones  from  this  hole 
I  think  that  it  really  hath  nothing  to  fear 
From  the  God  of  mankindy  whom  I  truly  revere. 
What  the  next  world  may  bCy  little  troubles  my  pate 
If  not  better  than  thisy  I  beseech  theCy  Oh!  Fate, 
When  the  bodies  of  millions  fly  up  in  a  riot. 
To  let  the  old  carcase  of  Monsey  lie  quiet. 

Peter  Pindar. 

Monsey,  physician  to  Chelsea  Hospital  for  forty-seven  years,  died  there 
aged  95  on  26  Dec.  1788.  He  was  a  freethinker  and  gave  directions  that 
his  body  was  to  be  dissected  after  death  and  the  'remainder'  'put  in  a  hole*. 
D.N.B.  The  pensioner  is  a  man  whom  Monsey  called  his  crutch. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  1 14.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  379. 

Reprinted,  G.  W.G.y  1830. 
12^X11  in.  (pL). 

7584  SHAKESPEARE  SACRIFICED ;— OR— THE  OFFERING  TO 
AVARICE. 

James  Gillrayy  design  et  fecit. 

Pu¥  June  20^^  1789.  by  H.  Humphrey  iV"  18,  Old  Bond  Street. 
Price  f^ 

Soon  as  possible  will  be  publishdy  price  One  Guinea.  N.  i.  of  Shakespeare 
Illustratedy  with  the  Text,  annotationSy  &c.  complete;  the  Engravings 
to  he  carried  on,  in  imitation  of  the  Aldermans  liberal  plan — further 
particulars  will  shortly  be  given  in  all  the  Public  Papers — 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions^).  Alderman  Boydell 
stands  within  a  magic  circle,  directing  a  sacrifice  of  Shakespeare's  plays; 
these  are  burning  at  his  feet;  the  dense  smoke  which  rises  from  the  fire 
obscures  a  monument  to  Shakespeare,  concealing  the  head  and  shoulders 
of  a  figure  of  Shakespeare  in  bas-relief  pointing  to  the  inscription  on  the 
monument  (as  in  Kent's  monument  in  Westminster  Abbey) : 

The  cloud  capt  [towers'] 

The  gorgeous  [palaces'] 

The  solemn  Temples 

Yea  the  great  Globe  [itself] 

Shall  dissolve — 

And  like  the  baseless 

fabrick  of  a  vision  y 

Leave  not  a  wreck  [sic]  behind. 

^  Only  uncoloured  impressions  were  at  first  issued:  Sneyd  wrote  to  Gillray 
13  Oct.  1800,  'Would  it  not  (now  that  Boydell's  "Shakespeare"  is  more  familiar) 
be  well  to  have  coloured  impressions  from  that  plate.?'  Bagot,  Canning  and  his 
Friends,  1809,  i.  171. 

637 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Beside  the  fire  (r.)  stands  on  end  a  huge  volume  inscribed  List  of  Sub- 
scribers to  the  Sacrifice.  On  it  sits  an  aged  gnome-Hke  creature  with  a  large 
head,  symbolizing  Avarice;  under  each  skinny  arm  he  clutches  a  large 
money-bag  inscribed  {^.  On  his  shoulders  stands  an  infant  blowing  from 
a  tobacco-pipe  the  bubble  of  Immortality ;  he  wears  a  head-dress  of  pea- 
cock's feathers,  symbolizing  Vanity.  Boydell,  who  wears  a  furred  alder- 
man's robe,  looks  fixedly  at  Avarice,  who  returns  his  cunning  smile ;  with  his 
1.  hand  he  points  to  the  fire.  He  is  less  caricatured  than  savagely  depicted, 
the  realism  of  his  figure  contrasting  with  the  fantasy  of  the  design.  An  evil- 
looking  creature  wearing  a  fool's  cap  crouches  by  the  fire  (r.)  blowing  it 
with  bellows.  He  is  a  caricature  of  the  fool  in  West's  picture  of  Lear  (iii.  2). 

The  smoke  as  it  rises  expands  into  heavy  clouds  which  support  various 
figures,  more  or  less  travestied,  from  the  pictures  commissioned  by  Boydell 
for  his  Shakespeare  Gallery.  The  most  prominent  and  the  largest  in  scale 
are  immediately  above  Boydell:  Bottom  and  Cardinal  Beaufort.  Bottom, 
with  his  finger  to  his  (ass's)  nose,  closely  resembles  the  figure  in  Fuseli's 
painting  of  the  Midsummer  Night's  Dream  (iv.  i).  Beaufort  on  his  death- 
bed, as  in  Reynolds's  Death  of  Cardinal  Beaufort  {Henry  F7,  Part  H,  iii.  3), 
now  in  the  Dulwich  Gallery,  clutches,  instead  of  bedclothes,  the  cloud  on 
which  he  lies.  A  devil  behind  his  head  clutches  his  pillow.  Immediately 
above  these  is  Lear  seated  on  his  throne  and  driving  out  Cordelia,  a  parody 
of  Fuseli's  picture.  He  points,  not  at  Cordelia  (who  is  not  depicted)  but 
at  a  spider's  web  on  which  is  a  small  nude  figure  holding  a  sword  and  spear. 
Lear's  gothic  throne  is  travestied  as  the  gable-end  of  a  brick  building  with 
two  smoking  chimneys.  Above  the  throne,  and  pointing  down  at  Lear,  is 
an  ape-like  nude  figure  wearing  a  gold  chain.  This  is  a  parody  of  North- 
cote's  Duke  of  Gloucester  as  the  wicked  uncle  {Richard  Illy  iii.  i).  A  nude 
torso  behind  Beaufort  appears  to  be  from  the  figure  of  Edward  V  in 
Northcote's  painting  of  the  dead  princes  {Richard  Illy  iv.  3).  Looking 
down  on  this  torso  are  the  head  and  shoulders  of  a  man  in  armour,  and  of 
an  old  man  with  a  long  beard  whose  hair  blows  up  into  the  form  of  a  pillow. 
The  latter  may  be  taken  from  Cardinal  Bourchier  in  Northcote's  picture  of 
Richard  III  {iii.  i ).  Above  these  lies  the  infant  Perdita  from  Opie's  painting  of 
the  Winter's  Tale  (ii.  3),  with  a  detached  helmet  (for  a  fore-shortened  head), 
and  an  outstretched  arm  in  armour  from  the  same  picture.  In  the  upper  r. 
corner  of  the  design  are  the  three  witches  in  Macbethy  closely  imitated  from 
Fuseli.  Below  them,  and  standing  on  a  promontory  of  cloud  which  overlooks 
the  flames  of  Hell,  is  the  Ghost  in  Hamlet,  also  taken  from  Fuseli.  Near 
him  (1.)  stands  the  elongated  figure  of  Warwick  in  trunk  hose  pointing  to 
the  Tudor  Rose  from  Boydell 's  picture  of  the  scene  in  the  Temple  garden 
{Henry  Vly  Part  I,  ii.  4).   He  appears  to  be  pointing  at  the  witches. 

In  the  upper  part  of  the  design  is  an  infant  at  a  woman's  breast  attended 
by  two  other  figures.  This  does  not  appear  to  be  from  the  Shakespeare 
Gallery.^  On  the  ground  and  just  within  the  magic  circle  kneels  a  ragged 
boy  with  palette  and  brushes  who  is  pushing  another  boy,  holding  an 
engraver's  tool,  outside  the  circle,  which  is  inscribed  in  large  letters: 
OYAEIUAMOYUOUEIUITQ.'-  Behind  the  boys  and  in  the  background  is 

^  It  is  described  by  Grego  as  taken  from  the  Infant  Shakespeare  by  Romney, 
but  has  no  resemblance  to  that  picture,  which,  according  to  the  D.N.B.,  was  painted 
in  1791. 

2  This  inscription  was  over  the  doorway  of  the  'Great  Exhibition  Room*  at 
Somerset  House,  adapted  by  Sir  George  Baker  M.D.  from  the  famous  one  over 
Plato's  Library.  J.  Baretti,  A  Guide  through  the  Royal  Academy.  Information  from 
Mr.  W.  R.  M.  Lamb,  C.V.O.    See  No.  7219. 

638 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

the  temple  of  Fame  on  a  mountain-top.  Fame,  poised  on  the  apex  of  the 
temple,  blows  upwards  from  her  trumpet  a  blast  of  bubbles  inscribed 
Meccenasf  Leo!  Alexander!  Psha!  She  scatters  papers  inscribed  Puff^  Puffs, 
Puffs  [&c.],  Morning  Herald,  World.  Outside  the  circle  and  on  the  extreme 
r.  is  a  portfolio  inscribed  Ancient  Master[s'\,  across  which  a  snail  crawls. 
Within  the  circle  is  a  pile  of  portfolios  inscribed  Modern  Masters.  On  the 
extreme  r.  and  outside  the  circle  is  an  open  grave  in  which  stands,  holding 
a  spade,  a  corpse-like  figure  with  a  grinning  skull  (not  from  the  Shakespeare 
Gallery,  but  perhaps  intended  for  the  grave-digger  in  Hamlet).  Behind 
him  ascend  the  flames  of  Hell,  in  which  small  demons  are  flying.  The  burn- 
ing papers  which  constitute  the  sacrifice  are  inscribed  King  Lear,  Richard 
HI,  Henry  VI,  Romeo  &  Juliet,  Hamlet,  Macbeth,  Midsummer  Nights 
dream. 

A  satire  on  Boydell's  grandiose  undertaking,  the  publication  by  sub- 
scription of  a  set  of  prints  illustrating  Shakespeare  after  pictures  com- 
missioned and  painted  expressly  for  the  work  by  English  artists,  the  object 
being  to  promote  a  school  of  history-painting  in  England.  See  Walpole, 
Letters,  xiv.  291-2  (2  Sept.  i^()o)',  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Charlemont  MSS., 
ii.  51;  Advertisement  in  the  World,  i  Jan.  1787;  J.  Farington,  Diary, 
i.  286-7.  The  paintings  were  exhibited  in  the  Shakespeare  Gallery  built 
for  the  purpose  in  Pall  Mall,  opened  2  May  1789;  in  1789  it  contained 
thirty-four  pictures.  The  enterprise  exasperated  Gillray,  cf.  Nos.  7976, 
8013,  8105,  8121.  The  exclusion  of  engravers  from  the  Academy  was 
evidently  also  a  sore  point.  For  other  satires  on  pictures  by  Fuseli  cf. 
Nos.  7937,  7972. 

The  Shakespeare  was  published  in  1802,  but  the  undertaking  involved 
Boydell  in  financial  disaster.  For  the  plates  after  the  pictures  here 
travestied  see  A  Collection  of  Prints  from  Pictures  painted  for  the  purpose 
of  illustrating  the  Dramatic  Works  of  Shakespeare  ...  2  v.  1803.  (B.M.L., 
Tab.  599  c.) 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  1 10-12  (copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  380.  Re- 
printed, G.W.G.,  1830.   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cviii. 

i8fxi4fin. 


7584  A  Also  an  impression  without  signature,  title,  or  imprint  and  with- 
out the  inscriptions  issuing  from  Fame's  trumpet  and  on  the  'List  of  Sub- 
scribers*. A  space  has  been  left  for  the  word  'Fabrick'  on  the  Shakespeare 
monument. 


7585  THE  DAMERIAN  APOLLO. 

London  Pub.  by  W""  Holland,  Garrick's  Richard,  N''  50  Oxford  Street 
July.  I.  lySg. 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints,  Admif^'  i  ShiU. 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  Mrs.  Damer,  seated  in  profile  to  the  I.,  chisels 
the  posterior  of  a  large  and  realistic  Apollo  standing  in  profile  to  the  1.  hold- 
ing a  spear,  the  1.  arm  extended.  A  little  girl  (1.)  in  profil  perdu,  gazes  at 
the  Apollo  in  astonishment.   On  a  pedestal  (1.)  are  two  nude  figures,  one 

639 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

full-face,  the  other  in  quasi-back  view,  drawn  with  extreme  realism.  Beside 
them  (1.)  is  an  armless  torso  on  a  terminal  pillar.  These  three  statues  are 
Studies  from  Nature.  On  the  r.  is  a  bust  of  a  child's  head  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  on  a  pedestal  inscribed  A  Model  to  make  a  Boy  from.  Beside  it  lie  a 
book.  Sketches  of  Different  Parts.  Behind  Mrs.  Darner  (1.)  is  a  grinning 
W.L.  figure  oiPan.  There  are  also  two  figures  on  tall  pedestals :  a  Hercules 
and  a  headless  figure,  and  a  bust.  All  the  figures  in  the  studio  are  com- 
pletely nude.  Mrs.  Damer  wears  gloves ;  her  mallet  is  raised  to  strike  her 
chisel. 
Mrs.  Damer's  studies  from  life  were  portrait-busts. 

7|Xioiin. 


7586  A  PEEP  AT  ST  PETER  OR  THE  POET  IN  A  PICKLE. 

Pub  July  23  by  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadily  [?  1789] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  sculptor's  studio.  The 
sculptor  (1.)  opens  the  door  of  a  closet  to  display  Peter  Pindar,  standing 
sheepishly,  to  a  lady  (r.)  who  looks  at  him  in  astonishment  and  is  about  to 
run  from  the  room.  She  resembles  the  Duchess  of  Devonshire.  Her 
portrait-bust  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  on  a  stool.  Two  busts  and  two 
masks  are  on  high  shelves.  Above  the  closet  door  is  a  placard  : 

A  Pindaric  Ode  or  an  odious 
Pindaric  addressed  to  her  Grace 

This  is  the  title  of  printed  verses  which  accompany  and  explain  the 
print:  Pindar  had  called  on  a  friend  in  Poland  Street,  'One  that  made 
Images,  and  hawk'd  em  about  Town'.  When  the  Duchess  called,  Peter 
was  put  in  a  closet  to  eavesdrop.  The  sculptor,  as  a  joke,  offered  to  show 
the  Duchess  *de  Poet  Pindar'.  She  agreed,  thinking  he  meant  a  bust  of 
the  Greek  poet.   She  'smelt  the  joke,  and  ran  away'. 

He  is  probably  J.  B.  Locatelli,^  a  sculptor  who  exhibited  at  the  R.A. 
1776-90.  He  lived  in  Bentinck  Street,  close  to  Poland  Street.  See  J.  T. 
Smith,  Nollekens  and  his  TimeSy  1920,  ii.  58. 

8i«6Xi2iin. 

7587  PEGASUS  AND  PETER  ON  A  LEVEL. 

BOTH  A  TOUCH  OF  THE  POLL  EVIL.  [1789^] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  Adversity  or  Tears  of  Britannia.^  Peter 
Pindar  (Wolcot)  rides  a  wretched  hack  in  profile  to  the  1.  There  is  an 
excrescence  on  the  horse's  neck,  in  which  is  a  bleeding  wound,  a  similar 
wound  is  indicated  behind  Peter's  ear.  From  the  back  of  Peter's  neck 
issues  a  label  inscribed  Lousiad  &c.;  from  his  pocket  projects  a  MS. 
inscribed  [Ode]  upon  Ode.  He  is  not  caricatured,  and  wears  riding-dress 
with  an  overcoat  with  a  triple  cape. 

For  the  Lousiad^  see  No.  7186.  For  Ode  upon  Ode,  also  a  satire  on 
George  III,  cf.  No.  7153. 

8fx8Jin. 

*  Information  from  Mrs.  Arundell  Esdaile. 
^  So  annotated  by  E.  Hawkins. 

640 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

7588  THE  QUARRELSOME  FELLOW. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub.  by  Jy  Aiken  Castle  S^  Leicester  Sq.  Nov  21.  8g. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Philip  Thicknesse,  seated  at  a  table 
and  directed  to  the  1.,  holds  up  a  paper  to  which  he  points  with  his  pen: 
Junius^  Discovered  or  the  Way  to  Catch  a  Penny  Price  2*  Sealed  up.  Other 
of  his  literary  productions  are  on  the  table :  A  pile  of  four  neat  volumes, 
Thickhead's  [Memoirs],  the  backs  inscribed  respectively  J,  2,  J,  2  (two 
copies  of  the  Memoirs,  printed  for  the  author  in  1788).  With  these  is  a 
paper,  Subscribers  to  Memoirs.  Price  to  Subscribers  £1-1-0  Non  Subscribers 
10/6^  Humbug.  (The  word  Bamboozler  has  been  scored  through).  Two 
other  papers  are  Queries  to  L^  Aud  .  .  .;  A  Letter  to  L^  Co^.,  and  Soon  will 
be  Published  Le  Trompeur  or  the  Art  of  Bamboozling  [the  signature  PT  is 
struck  out].  A  small  open  book  is :  Life  of  Gainsbo[rough].  Under  the  table 
is  a  sculptured  head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  the  base  inscribed  Count  Struen[see]. 
From  the  back  of  his  chair  hangs  a  bag :  Foul  Letter  Bag.  On  the  wall  are 
two  pictures:  S^  Catherines  HermitagCy  a  landscape,  and  Lady  Betty y  a 
bust  portrait  in  profile  to  the  r.  There  is  also  a  torn  plan  inscribed  Plan  of 
Land  Guard  Fort — The  Wooden  Horse.  Thicknesse  wears  spectacles  and 
a  military  cocked  hat.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

They  say  Fm  a  Quarrelsome  fellow 

Gad  rottet  now  how  can  that  be? 

For  I  never  Quarrel  with  any. 

But  all  the  World  Quarrel  with  me. 

Thicknesse  was  (by  purchase)  Lieutenant-Governor  of  Landguard  Fort, 
Suffolk,  1753-66.  While  there  he  quarrelled  with  Francis  Vernon,  colonel 
of  the  Suffolk  militia,  and  sent  him  an  insulting  present  of  a  wooden  gun. 
He  built  a  house  in  Bath  which  he  called  St.  Catherine's  Hermitage.  In 
1789  he  published  a  pamphlet,  Junius  Discovered  (in  the  person  of  Home 
Tooke).  'Lady  Betty'  is  his  second  wife.  Lady  Elizabeth  Touchet,  d.  1762. 
Her  eldest  son  succeeded  to  the  barony  of  Audley ;  with  him  Thicknesse 
was  on  the  worst  of  terms,  publishing  a  pamphlet.  Queries  to  Lord  Audley, 
in  1782.  In  1785  he  published  A  Letter  to  the  Earl  of  Coventry.  His  Sketch 
of  the  Life  and  Paintings  of  Thomas  Gainsborough  (with  whom  he  had 
quarrelled  in  1774)  was  published  in  1788.  A  list  of  subscribers  was  pre- 
fixed to  the  Memoirs  (3  vols.,  1788-91),  in  which  various  quarrels  are 
related.  Casts  of  the  head  and  right  hand  of  Count  Struensee,  modelled 
in  wax,  were  exhibited  gratis  to  purchasers  of  the  Queries  to  Lord  Audley. 
(Adair,  Curious  facts  and  anecdotes  . .  .,  pp.  48,  73-4.)  They  are  described 
in  Thicknesse 's  Bath  Guidcy  1778,  pp.  10,  53-4,  as  to  be  seen  at  Shrimp- 
ton's  circulating  library,  for  a  shilling.  They  were  taken  after  the  execu- 
tion of  Struensee  (see  Nos.  4950,  4956)  by  order  of  the  King  of  Denmark. 

This  print  is  the  first  of  a  series  of  attacks  on  Thicknesse,  see  No.  7721, 
&c.  The  campaign  against  him  was  probably  organized  to  prevent  the 
publication  of  expected  volumes  of  his  memoirs.  Philip  Francis  showed 
(i  Jan.  1788)  great  anxiety  to  be  kept  out  of  the  quasi-blackmaiUng  book, 
though  Thicknesse  intended  the  references  to  him  to  be  laudatory. 
Parkes,  Memoirs  of  Francis,  ii.  279. 
8Jx6|in. 

'  First  written  Junious,  the  o  struck  out. 

641  Tt 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7589  THE    CELEBRATED    MADEMOISELLE    G— M— RD    OR 
GRIMHARD  FROM  PARIS 

*Mr  Batty  delin.'i  [Gillray  f.] 

Puh¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  E  [sic]  Humphrey  May  26^^  lySg  at  N""  51 
New  Bond  Str* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  opera  dancer,  on  one  foot,  strikes  an 
attitude  with  her  r.  arm  extended,  1.  arm  held  above  her  head.  She  is 
grotesquely  thin;  her  face  with  upturned  head  shows  a  long  muscular 
neck,  her  arms  are  emaciated  and  muscular  and  her  hands  are  almost  those 
of  a  skeleton.  Her  mouth  is  large,  tightly  set,  and  drawn  down  at  the 
corners  in  an  expression  of  grim  determination.  She  is  simply  dressed  and 
wears  a  feathered  hat. 

A  caricature  of  Marie-Madeleine  Guimard  (La  Guimard),  1743-1816. 
She  danced  for  the  last  time  in  London  in  1789.  See  Vuillier,  Hist,  of 
Dancingy  1898,  i.  17 1-6;  C.  W.  Beaumont,  Three  French  Dancers  of  the 
i8th  Century y  1934,  pp.  26-31. 

La  Guimard  is  also  caricatured  ( ?  by  Batty)  in  A  Pas  de  deux  between 
the  Old  Hen  and  Cock  of  the  Opera  House.  Pub.  Holland,  25  July  1789. 
Her  partner  (1.)  clenches  his  fists,  she  snatches  off  his  wig  and  prepares  to 
scratch  his  face.  Westminster  Public  Library  (Broadly  Coll.,  Hay- 
market  ii). 

Reprinted,  G.W.G,,  1830. 
8X5f  in. 

7590  HOW  TO  TEAR  A  SPEECH  TO  TATTERS. 

Annibal  Scratchy  Fecit. 

Published  as  the  Act  directSy  by  Bentley  &'  C«  Dec'  i'^  1789. 

Engraving.  Headed  Theatrical  Portraiture  N^  i.  Henry  V.  From  the  Attic 
Miscellany y  i.  87.  Belongs  to  a  series  of  theatrical  portraits,  see  Nos.  7712- 
17,  &c.  Kemble  stands  on  the  stage,  his  exaggeratedly  long  legs  wide 
astride,  looking  to  the  1.  in  a  theatrical  attitude,  clutching  in  his  r.  hand 
a  staff,  in  his  1.  a  piece  of  drapery  attached  to  his  shoulders.  He  wears 
armour,  and  a  feathered  helmet  encircled  with  a  crown.   Beneath  the  title 

is     engraved :     From this day to the end ing of 

the world Ti turn turn ti ti turn 


Kemble  played  Henry  V  in  his  own  arrangement  of  the  play  at  Drury 
Lane  on  i  Oct.  1789.  Genest.,  vi.  575. 
4iX3iiin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

7590  A  The  plate  was  reissued  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine y  i  Nov. 
1794  (iii.  385),  with  the  title  The  Theatrical  Ranter. 

7591  [REHEARSING  IN  THE  GREEN  ROOM.] 

[Rowlandson.]  ,  [?  1789-] 

Photograph  from  the  drawing.^  Mrs.  Siddons  stands  declaiming,  looking 
upwards  with  a  tragic  expression,  1.  arm  raised,  r.  elbow  bent.   Her  father, 

^  Note  by  Miss  Banks. 

*  In  the  possession  of  Mr.  A.  P.  Charles  by  whom  the  photograph  was  presented. 

642 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  78  9 

Roger  Kemble,  stands  (r.)  close  behind  her,  a  book  in  his  1.  hand,  turning 
his  head  in  profile  to  watch  his  daughter ;  he  clenches  his  fist  and  stamps 
with  rage.  He  wears  a  cocked  hat,  old-fashioned  dress,  and  spectacles. 
Behind  (1.)  another  actor,  in  back  view,  his  upturned  head  in  profile  to  the  1., 
rants  with  upraised  arms.  On  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  large  mirror  in  a  carved  frame. 

The  third  actor  is  identified  in  No.  7591  B  as  Henderson  (d.  1785). 
7jX5f  in. 

7591  A  A  coloured  reproduction,  iif  x8J  in. 

7591  B  A  reduced  copy,  reversed,  title,  M"  Siddons  old  Kemble  and 
Henderson.  Rehearsing  in  the  Green  Room.  6X4jg  in. 

7592  MERCURY  AND  HIS  ADVOCATES  DEFEATED,  OR  VEGE- 
TABLE INTRENCHMENT. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Nov''  2g  lySg  by  W.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  quack  doctor  (r.)  stands  outside  his 
house  surrounded  by  a  pyramid  of  bottles  inscribed  Velnos  Syrupy  one  of 
which  he  holds  up,  demonstrating  its  virtues  with  a  complacent  smile  to 
a  band  of  rival  practitioners  (1.)  who  are  furiously  threatening  his  barricade. 
Behind  his  head  is  inscribed :  List  of  Cures  \  In  1788,  S,ooo  \  In  17  8  g^  10,000. 
The  house  is  at  the  corner  of  Frith  Street ;  it  has  a  porch  inscribed  in  large 
letters  M^  Swainson  N.  21.  A  surgeon  threatens  Swainson  with  a  knife, 
raising  also  a  leg  to  kick.  A  second  surgeon  kneels  on  one  knee,  also  holding 
a  knife  and  glaring  ferociously;  beside  him  is  a  basket  of  surgeon's  instru- 
ments. Behind  him  is  a  man  who  directs  an  enormous  syringe  at  the  self- 
satisfied  Swainson.  An  old  man  wearing  spectacles  holds  up  a  Pill  Box. 
These  assailants  are  dominated  by  a  very  stout  man  in  the  rear  who  holds 
up  a  pestle  in  one  hand,  in  the  other  a  mortar  inscribed  Mercury  the  only 
Specific.  Above  his  head  is  poised  a  nude  Mercury  holding  a  caduceus  and 
urging  on  the  attacking  force. 

Isaac  Swainson  in  1797  published  *A  Series  of  Letters  addressed  to  Dr. 
Beddoes,  stripping  that  poisonous  Mineral  Mercury  of  its  medical  Pre- 
tensions'. His  own  specific  evidently  derives  from  Jean- Jacques- Vergely 
de  Velnos,  who  published  a  'Dissertation  sur  un  nouveau  remede  anti- 
venerien  vegetal.  2de  ed.  Paris.  1768'.  Velnos  was  a  well-known  quack 
remedy,  cf.  Rolliady  2nd  ed.,  1785,  p.  120:  'your  Leakes,  your  Lockyers, 
and  your  Velnos.'  Cf.  No.  81 12.  It  was  reputed  to  produce  {c.  1798) 
j£5,ooo  a  year  for  Swainson,  who  purchased  the  secret.  Farington  Diary, 
i.  248. 
91^6  X  14  in. 

7593  THE  OLD  BAILEY  ADVOCATE  BRINGING  OFF  A  THIEF. 

[?i789^] 
[Dent.] 

Designed  by  Quibble — Executed  by  Brass — Published  by  Indulgence. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  barrister  in  wig,  gown,  and  bands, 

in  profile  to  the  r.,  tramples  on  the  prostrate  body  of  Truth,  putting  his 

'  So  dated  by  E.  Hawkins. 

643 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

foot  in  her  mouth.  He  carries  on  his  shoulders  a  felon  wearing  leg-irons, 

and  says,  You  are  not  the  first  T -f  that  I  have  brought  off  by  mere  dint 

of  Impudence.  He  holds  a  large  purse  and  a  rolled  document  inscribed 
Insinuation  against  Truth.  Truth  holds  up  a  mirror;  beneath  her  lies  the 
prostrate  body  of  Justice,  her  sword  and  scales  broken.  Beneath  the  title 
is  etched : 

Did  not  the  Felon  firmly  fix  his  hope 
On  flaw  or  jaw y  and  so  escape  the  ropCy 
Justly  he'd  meet  that  Fate  without  reprieve ^ 
(Which  come  when  Advocate  fails  to  deceive  y) 
Or^  doom  made  sure  for  want  of  quibling  aid. 
He'd  quit  bad  ways  to  seek  an  honest  trade. 

The   lawyer  resembles   Archibald   Macdonald,   appointed   Attorney- 
General  28  June  1788;  if  he  is  the  subject  of  the  print  it  would  have  a 
political  significance.   The  Old  Bailey  lawyer  (commonly  'attorney')  was 
a  stock  subject  of  dispraise. 
7jX5in.  PI.  9fX5iin. 

7594  SCOTCH  WEDDING. 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland,  N"  30,  Oxford  Street.  Sep"  23  lySg. 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints.  Admittance,  One  Shilling 

Engraving.  Lady  Charlotte  Gordon  and  Col.  Lennox  leap  over  a  broom 
which  lies  on  the  floor ;  she  holds  him  by  the  1.  wrist  and  points  towards  a 
nuptial  bed  decorated  with  a  coat  of  arms  (that  of  the  Duke  of  Gordon, 
freely  sketched)  and  ducal  coronet.  The  Duchess  of  Gordon  (r.)  sits  in 
profile  to  the  1.  playing  bagpipes  and  looking  at  the  couple  with  a  satisfied 
smile.  Behind  her  chair  is  a  bottle,  inscribed  Scotch  Pint,  and  a  wine-glass. 
Lennox  wears  regimentals  and  a  hat,  his  r.  arm  is  held  up  as  if  dancing 
a  Scots  reel;  a  pair  of  pistols  (an  allusion  to  his  duel  with  the  Duke  of  York, 
see  No.  7531,  &c.)  protrudes  from  his  pocket.  Lady  Charlotte  wears  a  large 
feathered  hat.  It  is  clear  from  her  attitude  and  the  expression  of  the  Duchess 
that  the  bridegroom,  though  willing,  has  not  taken  the  initiative. 

For  the  match-making  achievements  of  the  Duchess  of  Gordon  see 
Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  iv.  459-63.  The  marriage  took  place  9  Sept. 
1789;  it  is  foreshadowed  in  No.  7535. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  xxxviii, 
8ixi3iin. 

7595  ELOPEMENT  FROM  NOTTINGHAM  A  LA  MILITAIRE! 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pub:  by  W.  Holland  N''  50  Oxford  Street  DeC  1789. 

In  Hollands  Exhibition  Room  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Humorous  Prints  in  Europe,  Admittance  i  Shilling. 

Engraving.  A  cavalry  officer  in  regimentals  with  drawn  sabre  rides  a 
galloping  horse,  his  arm  round  the  waist  of  a  lady  who  sits  behind  him,  in 

644 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

profile  to  the  1.  They  gaze  into  each  other's  eyes.  Behind  (r.)  is  a  view  of 
the  town  of  Nottingham.    By  the  horse's  forelegs  (1.)  is  a  mile-stone: 
London  124  miles. 
81ix  I3f  in. 

7596  PETER  FIG  THE  LITTLE  GROCER,  COMMONLY  CALL'D 
COUNT  FIG.  [1789] 

Engraving.  A  grocer  stands  full  face  in  his  warehouse,  legs  astride,  hands 
in  his  breeches  pockets;  his  apron  is  looped  up,  his  hair  is  fashionably 
dressed,  and  he  wears  ruffles.  He  is  very  ugly  with  broad  flattened  and 
upturned  nose  and  large  mouth.  Behind  him  (1.)  is  a  hogshead  of  Sugary 
inscribed  PPF,  and  an  open  tea-chest;  a  pair  of  scales  hangs  from  a  post. 
On  the  r.  large  canisters  are  ranged  on  two  shelves  inscribed  I  Hyson^ 
2  Green^  3  Souchongs  5  Coffee^  4  Congo.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Peter!  when  I  a  Baboon  see^ 

It  always  makes  me  think  of  thee; 

Thy  Face  &  Shape's  so  very  like^ 

Who  is  the  Man  it  does  not  Strike? 

Or  where  ye  placed  on  India's  Shore j 

You'd  have  these  Creatures  by  the  Score y 

Chattering  thy  Graces  one  to  the  other 

And  Hail  thee  instantly  a  Brother. 

Identified  as  Peter  Wheeler,  a  grocer  in  the  Poultry.    See  Nos.  7597, 
7598. 
7X4|m. 

7597  ANIMAL  MAGNETISM  ON  AN  IMPROV'D  METHOD  OR 
COUNT  FIG  IN  A  TRANCE. 

Pub  2  July  lySg  by  W  Price  Tower  Hill 

Engraving.  A  street  scene  outside  a  door  over  the  fanlight  of  which  is 
inscribed  Ribright  Optician.  Peter  Wheeler  has  fallen  to  the  ground,  say- 
ing, Fm  shot  Fm  shoty  and  is  supported  by  a  watchman  (1.)  who  holds  his 
r.  arm,  saying,  Ohy  the  poor  Grocer  done  Over.  Another  watchman  (r.) 
stands  clasping  his  stomach  and  saying  with  a  delighted  grin :  The  Bell  has 
bit  him  by  G — d.  A  courtesan  stands  on  the  extreme  1.  pointing  at  Wheeler 
and  saying  Its  little  Fig.  On  the  1.  door-post  is  a  bell  handle,  with  40  Rib- 
right  Optian ;  on  the  r.  is  Ribright  Optition.  The  watchmen  are  sturdy  well- 
clad  fellows  wearing  overcoats  with  triple  capes,  very  unlike  the  aged 
creature  of  No.  51 19  (1773);  beside  each  is  a  lantern  and  rattle.  Beneath 
the  title  is  etched : 

A  Dapper  Count  of  Phiz  so  queer y 

To  a  dancing  Dog  in  likeness  neary 

With  boyish  Pranks  by  day  &  nighty 

His  peaceful  Neighbours  did  affright. 

It  chanced  one  skilVd  in  Optic  Lore, 

Vex'd  at  rude  Larums  at  his  Door, 

One  luckless  Eve  as  stories  telly 

With  fire  Electric  charg'd  his  Belly 

The  Count  attacked  the  Inchanted  Wire 

Unconscious  of  the  latant  Fire, 

645 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Which  hurld  him  prostrate  on  the  Stones 
Screaming  aloud  my  bones — my  Bones 
The  Watch  approachd  &  bear  the  Wight 
Home  on  their  Shoulders  all  be  Sh — te 

Thomas  Ribright  was  Optician  at  40  Poultry.  Peter  Wheeler  was  a 
Grocer  and  Tea-dealer  at  37  Poultry.  Lowndes,  London  Directory^  1789, 
1790.  See  Nos.  7596,  7598. 

7iXi3iin. 

7598  THE  DOWNFALL,  OF  PETER  FICUS,  COMMONLY  CALLED 
COUNT  FIG,  THE  LITTLE  GROCER.  [1789] 

Engraving.  Peter  Wheeler  (full  face)  kneels  on  one  knee  on  the  pavement 
outside  a  door  (r.)  inscribed  Righthright  Optician  and  surmounted  by  a  pair 
of  huge  spectacles.  On  the  1.  door-post  a  bell  handle  hangs  on  a  wire. 
Below  it  is  engraved  40  Righib.  Wheeler,  clasping  his  hands,  says,  Murder, 
Murder.  Fm  Shot.  A  watchman  stands  behind  him  holding  his  lantern 
and  staif,  saying,  ha  ha  thats  for  beating  the  Watchman  in  Change  Alley. 
On  each  side  of  the  door  are  the  shutters  of  a  curved  shop-window.  Beneath 
the  title  is  inscribed : 

With  punch  beau  Fig  inflames  his  Brain 

Then  Sallies  like  a  Vigourous  Tup 

And  Scouring  Alley  Street  or  Lane 

He  rings  his  Sober  Neighbours  up 

SkilVd  shrewdly  in  Electric  Fire 

An  Artist  at  the  Midnight  Clock 

Impregn'd  zvith  Subtle  air  the  wire 

And  left  the  Fool  to  feel  the  Shock 

Fig  touched  Alas  the  treachrous  bell 

But  Stagger d  by  the  Electric  fright 

The  poor  Outwitted  Grocer  fell 

And  when  got  home  was  all  be  S 

See  Nos.  7596,  7597. 
7fX5|in. 

7599  FROM  TOMS  [1789] 

Engraving.  H.L.  caricature-portrait  of  a  man  with  a  very  thick  neck, 
seated  in  profile  to  the  r.,  looking  down  at  the  cards  which  he  holds  in  his 
r.  hand.  Identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  'M'"  Dupper  of  HoUingbourne  in 
Kent,  playing  at  whist'.  He  was  probably  an  habitue  of  Tom's  Coffee 
House,  cf.  No.  5357. 
3iiX2ftin.  (pL). 

7600  A  NOTED  WHIST  PLAYER  AT  THE  CITY  ASSEMBLY. 

London  Pub.  by  W""  Holland  N°  50,  Oxford  Street^  Aug^  20^  ^7^9- 

Engraving.  A  stout  lady  (full  face)  seated  behind  a  card-table  holding  six 
cards  and  about  to  play  the  final  card  of  a  trick.  She  wears  a  large  hat 
turned  back  from  her  face  with  a  ( Y)  diamond  star,  to  show  curls  over  her 
forehead.   It  is  trimmed  with  three  ostrich  feathers ;  she  wears  gloves  and 

646 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

a  large  nosegay.   Her  appearance  suggests  wealthy  vulgarity.   Beside  her 
are  five  five-guinea  pieces.   She  has  taken  three  tricks.  The  table  is  lit  by 
one  candle  (r.).  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved:  Her  Counters  are  always  five 
Guinea  Peices, 
6x4i|in. 

7601  MEETING  NIGHT  OF  THE  CLUB  OF  ODD  FELLOWS. 

Collings  del.     Etch^  by  Barlow. 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs^  by  Bentley  &  C°  October  V^  17 8g. 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  The  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  Members  of  a  Club 
of  Odd  Fellows  drinking,  smoking,  and  talking.  On  the  r.  against  the  back 
wall  is  a  dais;  on  this  three  men  sit  who  wear  cocked  hats  with  large 
favours,  and  a  broad  ribbon  round  their  necks,  from  each  of  which  hangs 
a  star.  They  are  'the  Grand,  the  Grand  Elect,  and  the  Past  Grand*. 
Suspended  ( ?)  from  a  canopy  is  a  crown  with  crossed  sceptres  and  a  skull. 
In  front  of  them  is  a  table  at  which  artisans,  a  shoemaker,  butcher,  &c.,  are 
seated.  A  grinning  man,  wearing  an  embroidered  robe  and  a  curious  hat, 
holds  a  bowl  of  punch.  He  is  the  keeper.  Other  figures  include  a  man  in 
top-boots  smoking  two  pipes,  a  quack  holding  out  a  medicine  bottle  and 
a  list  of  cures,  a  seated  man  playing  a  fiddle,  the  Secretary  of  the  Club 
standing  by  a  desk  with  a  pen  in  his  mouth  reading  a  paper  inscribed 
Nottingham  Au^  17^9'  On  the  wall  is  a  framed  inscription:  Grand 
Imperial  Lodge  of  Oddfellows. 

The  text  explains  that  this  society  meets  weekly  at  the  Cock  in  Old  Street 
Square,  and  is  depicted  after  the  business  of  the  evening  is  finished.  A 
letter  has  been  received  from  Nottingham,  proposing  to  found  a  Society 
there  and  asking  for  the  approval  of  the  Mother  Lodge.  Cf.  Nos.  7602, 
7749>  7751- 
6i|  X  8|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  d. 

7602  A  PUGILISTICK  CLUB 
Collings  del.   Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  and  C^.  DeC^  i.  1789. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  81.  A  disorderly  scene:  a  number  of 
pugilists  and  amateurs  stand  and  sit  round  a  long  table  on  which  are  a 
punch-bowl,  tankard,  glasses,  and  pipes.  The  chairman  has  risen  from 
his  seat  and  raises  a  hammer ;  in  front  of  him  on  the  table  are  two  news- 
papers: World  (see  No.  7210,  &c.)  and  Diary  {201  evening  paper  started  by 
William  Woodfall  in  1788).  Two  men  are  sparring;  a  woman  in  the  fore- 
ground (1.)  seizes  a  seated  man  by  the  hair  and  raises  a  tankard  to  smite 
him;  a  man  holds  her  by  the  wrist.  Behind  stands  Major  Topham  (1.), 
looking  at  the  scuffle  through  his  eye-glass.  Two  fashionably  dressed  men 
stand  talking  on  the  extreme  r.,  one  wears  a  star.  On  the  wall  are  two  large 
prints  of  heads :  Humphreys  and  Mendoza ;  a  framed  picture  of  two  men 
boxing ;  a  broadside  with  four  figures  hanging  from  a  triangular  gallows : 
Last  Dying  Speech  &  Confession  of  W — d  [Ward]  the  Boxer.  Over  the 
door  is  a  framed  list  of  Rules,  its  glass  broken.  A  bracket  clock  shows  that 
it  is  12. 1 1.   Boxing-gloves,  hats,  &c.,  lie  on  the  floor. 

This  club  is  'held  occasionally  at  the  Yorkshire  Grey,  Bond's  Stables'. 

647 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Bill  Warr  (often  called  Ward)  was  sentenced  in  1789  at  the  Old  Bailey  for 
manslaughter,  having  struck  one  Swaine  who  challenged  him  to  fight. 
Miles,  Pugilistica^  i.  120-1.  Cf.  Nos.  7807,  8175. 
6| X  ^  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5285  d. 

7602  A  The  1.  portion  of  this  plate  was  reissued  as  a  Frontispiece  (n.d.) 
with  the  title  The  Ending  of  the  Old  YeaVy  probably,  like  other  Attic 
Miscellany  plates,  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

7603  A  COUNTRY  BARBERS  SHOP. 
C.  Goodnighty  del.  &  Sculp. 

Printed  for  JnP  Smith,  N""  35  Cheapside  Feb.  4.  lySg. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  stout  farmer  wearing  top-boots  sits 
in  a  chair  draped  in  a  protecting  cape,  his  chin  lathered,  while  the  barber 
holds  up  his  razor,  but  is  making  a  speech  to  the  neglect  of  his  customer. 
Another  farmer  (1.)  looks  in  a  mirror  while  he  stanches  the  cuts  on  his 
face.  The  apprentice,  a  ragged  boy,  combs  a  wig,  bestriding  the  wig- 
block.  On  a  shelf  (r.)  are  two  wig-blocks,  one  with  a  wig,  and  a  wig-box 
inscribed  Farmer  Stubble.  A  cloak  and  wig  hang  on  the  wall. 
7AX9iiin. 

7604  A  SUFFERER  FOR  DECENCY. 
Rowlandson  de? 

Pu¥  CIS  the  Act  directs  June  20.  lySg  by  Af"*  Lay,  on  the  Sidney  Bright- 
helmstone 

Aquatint.  The  interior  of  a  penny-barber's  shop  showing  one  corner  of 
a  small  raftered  room  lit  by  a  lamp  hung  from  the  roof  and  inscribed 
Shave  with  Ease  &  Expedetion  for  one  Penny.  The  barber  (r.)  flourishes 
his  razor  above  the  head  of  a  lean  client  whose  face  a  boy  (1.)  coats  with 
lather,  using  a  large  brush;  a  bucket  hangs  on  the  boy's  arm.  In  the  back- 
ground (r.)  a  second  customer  in  back  view  is  also  being  shaved.  Two 
wig-blocks  lie  on  the  ground  (r.). 

See  No.  7605,  a  companion  print. 

Grego,  Rowlandsofiy  i.  257  (reproduction). 
i2|x8J  in. 

7604  A  A  later  impression,  coloured,  with  traces  of  aquatint.  Without 
imprint,  and  numbered  63.  Plate  slightly  cut  down.  A  plate  so  numbered 
is  the  75th  plate  in  a  copy  of  Tegg's  Caricature  MagazinCy  vol.  ii,  in  the 
possession  (1937)  of  Mr.  W.  T.  Spencer. 

7605  A  PENNY  BARBER. 
[Rowlandson.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W*^  Holland  iV"  50  Oxford  Street  [1789] 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7604.  A  very 
fat  man  draped  in  a  sheet,  his  vast  chin  lathered,  turns  his  eyes  upwards 

648 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

to  a  thin  barber  who  stands  beside  him  (1.),  his  bowl  in  one  hand,  soap 
in  the  other.  Behind  (1.)  a  bald  man  bends  over  a  basin,  stanching  a 
wound;  and  (r.)  the  barber's  man  applies  a  flat-iron  to  a  wig  on  a  standing 
wig-block  with  a  carved  face.  From  the  raftered  ceiling  hangs  a  lamp  in 
a  rectangular  ( ?)  paper  shade  inscribed :  The  Oldest  Shaving  Shop  in  London 
Most  Mony  for  second  Hand  Wigs.  On  the  wall  hang  a  bird  in  a  cage,  a 
print  of  two  men,  a  wig.  Wig-blocks,  a  razor,  and  the  customer's  wig  lie 
on  the  floor.  Cf.  No.  8027. 
13X9  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  117. 

7606  COMEDY  SPECTATORS. 
TRAGEDY  SPECTATORS. 

Rozvlandson  lySg^ 

Published  as  the  Act  direct  Octr  8^^  lySg^  hy  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    Two  designs  on  one  plate.   Above,  a 
group  of  spectators  seated  in  a  gallery  and  watching  a  comedy,  all  intent 
and  either  amused  or  surprised. 
6fX9|in. 

Below,  a  similar  group,  all  of  whom  weep  or  look  distressed.  A  man 
holds  a  smelling-bottle  to  a  lady's  nose  (r.).  A  play-bill  is  inscribed  Romeo 
and  Juliet  (reversed). 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  217-19  (reproductions). 
6|X9fin.  'Caricatures',  X.  149. 

7607  A  CART  RACE. 

Rozolandson,  iy88. 

London.  Pu¥  iy8g  by  W"'  Holland  N°  50.  Oxford  Street 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression),  resembling  a  water- 
colour  drawing.  Three  ramshackle  two-wheeled  carts  drawn  by  wretched 
horses  race  (r.  to  1.)  against  a  background  formed  by  the  clouds  of  dust 
which  they  have  raised,  with  a  row  of  gabled  houses  (r.)  inscribed  S^  GileSy 
terminating  in  a  church  spire  (1.),  and  probably  representing  Broad  St. 
Giles.  The  occupants  of  the  carts  are  Irish  costermongers  typical  of 
St.  Giles.  The  foremost  horse  gallops,  urged  on  by  the  shouts  of  a  standing 
man  brandishing  a  club.  The  other  occupants,  two  women  and  a  man, 
cheer  derisively  the  next  cart,  whose  horse  has  fallen,  one  woman  falling 
from  it  head-first,  another  lies  on  the  ground.  The  driver  lashes  the  horse 
furiously.  The  third  cart,  of  heavier  construction,  is  starting.  The  horses 
are  partly  obscured  by  the  clouds  of  dust,  but  denizens  watch  from  case- 
ment windows  and  a  door.  Two  ragged  urchins  (r.)  cheer  the  race;  a  dog 
barks. 

Grego,  RowlandsoHt  i.  260. 
10JX16J  in. 

7608  THE  DOCTOR  DISMISSING  DEATH  [i  Jan.  1789] 

T.  Rozvlandson  Del 

Engraving.   Hibernian  Magaziney  1788,  p.  617  (folding  plate).    A  copy, 

reversed,  and  differing  in  certain  details,  of  a  plate  (not  in  Grego)  repro- 

*  The  *9'  is  perhaps  etched  over  a  *7*. 

649 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

duced  in  colour  in  Fuchs,  p.  56,  dated  1782.  The  interior  of  a  ramshackle 
room  with  a  raftered  roof.  An  old  and  emaciated  man  sits  on  the  foot  of 
a  dilapidated  half-tester  bed  facing  Death,  a  skeleton  who  enters  through  a 
casement  window  (r.).  Behind  the  sick  man  is  the  doctor,  leaning  over 
him  and  aiming  his  syringe  at  Death.  The  patient  holds  a  bowl  on  his 
knee,  and  holds  up  a  spoon  to  ward  off  the  advance  of  Death.  The  doctor 
is  a  stout  man  wearing  spectacles,  a  tie-wig,  old-fashioned  coat,  and  flapped 
waistcoat.  In  the  background  an  old  woman  sits  over  a  fire  on  which  is 
a  pot,  warming  her  hands,  her  back  to  the  room.  Under  the  window  is  a 
table  on  which  Death  leans.  Beneath  it  are  heaped  up  fuel,  pots,  a  trunk, 
&c.  In  the  window  are  leafless  plants  in  pots.  A  plate  of  meat  is  on  the 
ground. 

See  No.  7609  and  of.  No.  5457. 
6JX7f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  k. 

7609  DEATH  TOO  MANY  FOR  THE  DOCTOR.         [i  Feb.  1789] 

[CoUings  del] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine^  1789,  p.  i.  A  sequel  to  No.  7608.  The 
doctor  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  attempting  to  protect  his  patient  from  a 
crowd  of  skeletons,  who  have  entered  and  enter,  through  a  door  on  the  r. 
The  sick  man  (1.),  who  lies  in  bed,  his  hands  raised  in  horror,  watches  the 
contest.  The  principal  skeleton  wears  a  ducal  coronet;  he  has  seized  the 
doctor  by  the  throat,  and  places  a  foot  on  his  knee;  he  holds  a  banner 
inscribed  Luxury.  Another  skeleton  holds  the  banner  of  Apoplexy.  Fever 
holds  up  a  flaming  firebrand ;  a  fourth,  with  the  banner  V Amour  Omnia 
Vincit  AmoTy  has  wings  and  his  skull  is  decorated  with  three  ostrich  feathers. 
A  skeleton  with  a  small  banner  inscribed  Mania  holds  up  an  arrow.  Among 
the  crowd  which  fills  the  door^vay  a  skeleton  with  the  banner  of  Despair 
holds  up  an  arrow.  The  doctor,  who  holds  a  clyster  pipe  in  his  hand,  has 
had  some  minor  successes :  one  skeleton  lies  at  his  feet,  round  whose  skull 
is  a  bandage  inscribed  Cold.  Another  skull  is  inscribed  Vapours.  A  testi- 
monial to  the  doctor  lies  on  the  ground,  inscribed  Preserver  .  .  .  On  the 
extreme  1.  is  a  circular  table  on  which  are  medicine  phials,  &c. 

This  macabre  design  is  described  in  the  text  as  *a  Humorous  Print  (from 
an  original  Design)  by  Collins'. 
6JX7I  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7610  STRONG  SYMPTOMS  OF  STARTING. 

Printed  for  y.  Smith,  A^«  J5 — Cheapside  Oct  i.  lySg. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  two  prints  headed  Hints  to  bad 
Horsemen,  see  No.  761 1.  A  man,  riding  very  badly,  approaches  an  open 
gate  (1.)  in  which  stands  a  donkey  braying  at  the  horse.  The  rider,  who 
is  fashionably  dressed,  holds  his  r.  leg  extended  beyond  the  animal's  neck. 
The  gate  leads  to  a  wood  surrounded  by  a  paling.  Beneath  the  title  in 
both  prints  is  engraved : 

Alas  what  troubles  oft  betide. 
The  Booby  who  attempts  to  ride. 

An  imitation  of  a  set  of  prints  after  Bunbury,  see  Nos.  5914-17. 
6JX9fin. 

650 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  789 

7611  STRONG  SYMPTOMS  OF  KICKING. 
Printed  for  J.  Smith  N""  55,  Cheapside  Ocf  i.  lySg, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7610.  A  man 
rides  out  of  the  gateway  (1.)  which  leads  to  the  courtyard  of  an  inn,  three 
dogs  barking  at  the  heels  of  his  horse.  The  horse  is  kicking,  the  rider  has 
lost  his  stirrups  and  clutches  the  animal's  mane.  Part  of  the  courtyard  is 
visible  showing  the  body  of  a  high  perch  phaeton.  Above  it  is  the  first- 
floor  balcony  with  a  balustrade.  Outside  the  inn  (r.)  are  grass  and  trees. 
6|X9|in. 

7612  [CITY  MILITIA.] 
J  Nixon  lySg  Etch'd 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7613.  A  row  of  five  very  unsoldierly 
citizen-soldiers  is  being  drilled  by  an  officer  (r.),  who  stands  at  one  end  of 
the  file  in  profile  to  the  1.,  giving  orders  with  a  drawn  sword.  A  stout  officer 
stands  opposite  him  in  back  view ;  he  holds  a  sword,  and  has  a  long  pigtail 
queue.  The  two  men  on  the  extreme  1.  talk  together,  supporting  them- 
selves on  the  butt  of  their  muskets.  The  other  three  hold  bayoneted 
muskets  at  different  angles.  The  man  on  the  extreme  r.  has  a  wooden  leg, 
his  bayonet  is  curved  like  a  sickle.  All  wear  civilian  dress  with  cocked  hats. 
In  front  of  them,  apparently  in  the  kennel  or  gutter,  lie  a  dead  cat  and  two 
large  stones.  Cf.  No.  7458. 
8ixi4fin.(pl.). 

7613  CITY  TRAIND^  BANDS.  [c.  1789] 
Pro  Patria 

[J.  Nixon.] 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7612.  Six  citizen  soldiers  stand  full 
face  spaced  at  irregular  intervals.  The  man  on  the  extreme  1.  blows  his 
nose,  between  him  and  the  next  man,  who  shoulders  his  musket,  sits  a 
dog.  The  third  man  rests  his  chin  on  the  muzzle  of  his  musket.  The  next, 
supporting  himself  by  resting  his  1.  hand  on  the  muzzle  of  his  musket,  looks 
down  at  his  shorter  neighbour,  who  looks  up  at  him  with  an  angry  glare. 
The  latter  holds  his  (bayoneted)  musket  so  as  to  endanger  the  man  on  the 
extreme  r.,  who  is  mopping  his  hat  with  his  handkerchief.  They  wear 
cocked  hats ;  only  two  wear  coats  of  quasi-military  cut. 

The  City  militia  lined  the  streets  from  Temple  Bar  to  St.  Paul's  on 
23  Apr.  1789;   their  unsoldierly  appearance  is  satirized  in  Nos.  7524, 
7525.  Cf.  No.  7458. 
8Jxi4iin.  (pi.). 

7614  THE  GHOST! 

F,  G.  Byron  Esq^  delinK  Engraved  by  J  [T\  Parks 
London  Pub  by  Will""  Holland.  N"  50.  Oxford  Street,  July  2g.  lySg. 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 
Humorous  Prints  in  Europe.  Admittance  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  figure  draped  in  a  sheet  and  holding 

up  a  red-hot  poker  advances  into  a  room  from  an  open  door  (r.),  terrifying 

^  The  *d*  is  reversed  and  forms  a  'b'. 

651 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

four  men,  who  hold  up  their  hands  in  alarm ;  one  has  fallen  to  the  ground 
clutching  a  bottle.   A  fifth  man  is  disappearing  up  the  chimney  (1.).   On 
a  table  is  a  lighted  candle.   The  'Ghost'  has  a  false  head  of  demoniacal 
appearance;  a  very  human  hand  grasps  the  poker.   Cf.  No.  8209. 
8|Xii|  in. 

7615  A  MEETING  OF  CREDITORS. 

J.  Boyne  deP  W,  Nutter  Sculps 

Publish^  Ocfi'  r^  lySg  by  R  Cribb  N"  288  near  Great  Turn-stile 
Holborn 

Stipple.  The  debtor  (1.),  a  fashionably  dressed  man,  stands  meditatively 
at  the  end  of  a  long  table,  stroking  his  chin,  and  looking  at  a  bill  to  which 
one  of  the  creditors,  a  butcher,  points  angrily:  [Squan\der  D^  [td\  Blujf  Beef 
Mutton  &c.  {/JO.  The  butcher,  a  stout  man  wearing  over-sleeves  to  the 
elbow,  is  seated  at  the  table.  Facing  him  is  a  well-dressed  creditor  wearing 
spurred  top-boots  who  points  to  his  bill :  Seven  Q^^  Rent  due  Lady  day  last 
. . .  {,140.  OS.  Repairs  &c.  as  P^  Ord^  go.  {,230.  o.  o.  Ten  other  creditors 
sit  and  stand  round  the  table  and  are  grouped  (r.)  at  its  far  end.  A  stout 
man  stands  at  the  end  of  the  table  facing  the  debtor  and  holding  a  schedule 
of  debts:  T  Squander  Debts  Certain  200  Uncertain  $00  Due  to  Tho^ 
Squander  yoo  Against  1500.  DeU^  800.  On  the  table  is  a  paper  of 
\Memord\nduTns  \F]aro  20  EO  50  Phaeton  Ponies  100  Lottery  Insurance 
y^.  A  tailor  looks  gloomily  at  his  bill:  Snip  Tayllorl.  A  stout  man  (r.)  sits 
looking  at  a  dog  feeding  from  a  bowl.  Another  dog  (1.)  pulls  at  the  coat- 
tails  of  his  master,  the  debtor.  On  the  wall  which  forms  a  background  is 
a  framed  Perspective  View  of  the  Kings  Bench.  Above  it  is  a  bust  portrait 
of  L^  Mansfield.  On  the  r.  behind  the  debtor  is  an  open  door;  in  front  of 
it  is  a  tall  screen  of  several  leaves. 

For  Faro  see  No.  8167;  for  E.O.,  No.  5928. 
1 6^X20 J  in. 

7615  a  Reissued  with  the  addition  of  a  French  title  (Assemblee  de 
Creanciers)  and  the  imprint  Londony  Pu¥  July  24^  lygSy  by  R.  Cribb^ 
288  Holborn. 

7616  THE  DECAYED  MACARONI. 

A  WELL  KNOWN  CHARACTER!!!  [i  Aug.  1789] 

Stipple.  Hibernian  Magazine^  p.  337,  illustration  to  a  song  of  thirty-five 
verses.  An  elderly  man  stands,  chapeau  bras,  directed  to  the  r.,  both  hands 
held  out  in  an  attitude  partly  deprecating,  partly  supplicating.  In  his  hand 
is  a  paper  inscribed  Subscription.  His  hair  is  in  a  small  pigtail  queue ;  his 
dress  is  old-fashioned.  The  verses  relate  his  past  extravagance,  notably  an 
unsuccessful  attempt  to  purchase  a  seat  in  Parliament,  and  his  intention 
of  going  to  Bath  to  raise  funds  from  people  of  fashion.  The  first  and  last 
verses  are : 

I  am  a  decay 'd  Macaroni, 
My  Lodging's  up  three  Pair  of  Stairs; 

My  Cheeks  are  grown  wondrously  bony. 
And  grey,  very  grey,  are  my  Hairs : 

652 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES   I  789 

And  trust,  as  they  give  it  so  freely, 
By  private  Subscription  to  raise. 
Enough  to  support  me  genteely. 

And  sport  withy  the  rest  of  my  Days. 
The  macaroni  vogue  prevailed  c.  1771-3,  see  Catalogue^  vol.  v. 
The  engraving  (reversed)  and  the  verses  are  copied  from  the  anonymous 
Liberality;  or  the  decayed  Macaroni^  printed  for  the  author,  where  the 
imprint  is:  Pub.  I y  June  iy88  as  the  Act  Directs^  (B.M.L.  11630,  c.  17/5). 
They  are  by  C.  Anstey  and  were  reprinted  in  his  Poetical  Works ^  1808, 
pp.  269  ff.,  the  same  plate  being  used  with  an  altered  imprint. 
6iX3}i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7617  BEFORE  MARRIAGE 
AFTER  MARRIAGE. 

K.  [Kay]  1789 

Engraving.  The  heads  of  a  man  and  woman  face  each  other  in  profile,  so 
drawn  as  to  represent  different  heads  when  turned  upside  down,  one  set 
being  laughing,  the  other  scowling.  The  hat  and  cap  of  one  pair  form  the 
shoulders  of  the  other  pair. 

Paton  considers  this  print  to  have  been  the  origin  of  many  copies  and 
imitations  in  Germany  on  snuff-boxes,  &c.,  but  it  is  probably  copied  from 
No.  7618,  since  No.  7759  is  evidently  a  copy  of  No.  7619.  It  was  an  old 
device,  see  No.  6669;  see  also  Nos.  7254,  7620,  7621,  7758-62.  A  French 
example  is  a  profile  head  of  the  Due  D'Aiguillon,  which,  inverted,  becomes 
a  fish- wife.  He  was  reputed  to  have  taken  part  in  the  march  to  Versailles, 
5  Oct.  1789,  as  a  poissarde.  Challamel,  i.  63  (copy).  Other  French  Revolu- 
tion satires  in  this  form  are  de  Vinck,  Nos.  3686,  3687  (copy  in  J.  P. 
Malcolm,  Art  of  Caricaturing ^  1813,  pi.  xxi).  The  vogue  iov  physionomies 
a  double  visage  was  revived  in  France  c.  1820.  See  Grand- Carteret,  Les 
Moeurs  et  les  Caricatures  en  France ^  p.  123  (reproduction). 

^Collection',  No.  131.  Kay,  No.  XXXVII. 
2JX3  in. 

7618  COURTSHIP 
MATRIMONY 

London  Published  November  26.  lySg  by  I.  Wallis  Ludgate  Street. 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7619.  Probably 
the  original  of  No.  7617. 

Also  a  pen  drawing  by  an  amateur,  perhaps  the  original  of  the  design, 
dated  by  Miss  Banks  *Feby  24,  1789'.  Title  that  of  No.  7617. 
3fX2iiin.   Card,  5|X3iin. 

7619  MOSES 

THE  VICAR 

Published  November  26.  iy86  [sic,  i.e.  9]  by  I.  Wallis  N°  16  Ludgate 
Street  London. 

Engraving.   Design  in  an  oval.   A  profile  head  so  drawn  as  to  represent 

the  head  of  'Moses',  a  parish  clerk,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  wearing  a  hat.   In 

^  This  plate  was  traced  too  late  to  be  described  as  the  principal  entry. 

653 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

profile,  when  turned  upside  down,  it  represents  the  head  of  a  stout  parson 
wearing  a  wig. 

For  'The  Vicar  and  Moses'  cf.  Nos.  6130,  6721,  &c.  A  companion  print 
to  No.  7618,  both  being  printed  on  cards. 

The  original  (reversed)  of  Kay's  The  lawyer  The  Client,  see  No.  7759. 
3fX2i|in.   Card,  sJxsiin. 

7620  THE  RICH  WIDOW. 

THE  FORTUNE  HUNTER.  [i  Dec.  1789] 

Engraving.    Hibernian  Magazine,  1789,  p.  561.    Design  in  an  oval.    A 
woman's  head  in  profile  to  the  1.,  tilted  upwards,  so  drawn  that  when 
turned  upside  down  it  becomes  a  good-looking  man  in  profile  to  the  r., 
wearing  a  cocked  hat.   Cf.  No.  7617,  &c. 
4^X31  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7621  [TWO  HEADS  IN  ONE.]  [}  c.  1789] 

Engraving.  A  head  so  drawn  as  to  represent  a  woman's  head  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  and,  when  reversed,  a  man's  head  in  profile  to  the  1.  The  woman 
wears  a  large  bonnet  which  forms  the  shoulders  of  the  man ;  the  man  wears 
a  cocked  hat  which  forms  the  shoulders  of  the  woman.  Cf.  No.  7617,  &c. 
4|X3f  in.  (pi.). 

The  Story  of  Lcetitia,  a  set  of  six  engravings  in  stipple  by  J.  R.  Smith 
after  George  Morland,  was  published  by  Smith,  i  Jan.  1789.  They  are 
not  satirical,  though  the  narrative  resembles  that  of  Hogarth's  Harlot's 
Progress,  influenced  by  the  gentler  manners  of  the  age  (cf.  Nos.  2031, 
5808,  &c.).  They  were  reissued  by  Ackerman,  i  Jan.  181 1,  the  costumes 
being  altered  and  modernized.  Prints  from  both  sets  are  in  the  Print 
Room. 


654 


1790 
POLITICAL  SATIRES 

7622  THE  COCK  OF  THE  ROCK  ON  HIS  CHARGER. 

A  Borico;  or  Spanish  Jack  Ass. 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W:  Holland  N°  50.  Oxford  Street,  Jany  4  lySg, 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  all  the  French  Caricatures 

with  the  largest  collection  in  Europe  of  Humorous  Prints:  Admittance 

one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Heathfield,  blowing  a  trumpet, 
rides  a  mule  in  profile  to  the  1.  The  mule  seems  to  have  been  suddenly 
pulled  up,  it  looks  up  braying.  He  rides  beside  five  military  officers  and 
a  drummer  who  march  in  single  file  in  the  middle  distance  beside  a  paling. 
Their  uniform  is  drawn  with  precision,  and  they  may  be  portraits.  All 
wear  gaiters  and  carry  muskets.  The  first  (1.),  who  is  very  short  and  wears 
a  gorget  and  a  plumed  helmet,  may  be  intended  for  Tarleton.  He  is 
followed  by  a  man  beating  a  drum.  The  last  three  have  numbers  on  their 
bandoliers  to  indicate  their  regiment:  18,  2  (reversed),  and  59. 

Heathfield,  famous  for  the  defence  of  Gibraltar,  see  Nos.  6034-7,  was 
Governor  of  Gibraltar.  The  date  is  too  early  for  an  allusion  to  pending 
war  with  Spain,  news  of  the  incident  at  Nootka  not  reaching  London  till 
27  Jan.  (see  No.  7645).  Cf.  No.  7651.  The  colonels  of  the  i8th  (Royal 
Irish),  2nd  (Queen's  Royal),  and  59th  (Foot)  regiments  were  Sir  John 
Sebright,  Daniel  Jones,  and  Sir  David  Lindsey.  Army  List,  1790. 
lofx  18  in. 

7623   THE   NATIONAL   ASSEMBLY   OR   MEETING   OF   THE 
THREE  ESTATES. 

[Dent.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Dent  Jany  22^  1790 

Designed  by  Satire — Delineated  by  Pythagoras,  and  Executed,  according 

to  his  System,  in  the  Great  Exhibition  Room,  Old  Palace  Yard. 

Esto  quod  esse  videris. 

Engraving.  A  confused  and  crowded  design  representing  the  three  estates 
(incorrectly)  as  King,  Lords,  and  Commons  in  Parliament,  the  title  evi- 
dently suggested  by  the  meeting  of  the  States-General  in  France.  The 
members  are  travestied  as  animals,  the  principal  ones  having  human  heads 
and  numbers  which  refer  to  notes  beneath  the  design.  A  low  barrier  (1.) 
divides  the  Commons  from  the  Lords ;  on  the  extreme  r.  is  the  throne,  on 
which,  curled  up  and  asleep,  is  a  lion  with  the  head  of  George  III,  he  is 
J.  The  King  of  the  Beasts.  The  throne  has  a  high  canopy  with  long  side 
curtains;  it  is  decorated  with  loaves  and  crossed  fishes  (cf.  No.  6915  &c.), 
and  also  with  a  rose  and  thistle.  The  seat  (a  cushion)  is  on  the  upper- 
most of  three  platforms  forming  steps,  each  supported  at  the  corners 
by  loaves  at  which  rats  are  nibbling.  Behind  the  curtain  on  the  extreme  r. 
is  a  dark  figure  with  horns  and  hooves  and  apparently  wearing  Highland 

655 


i 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

dress.  He  is  2.  The  Secret  Beast  (a  reversion  to  the  long-lived  belief  in 
the  influence  of  Bute,  cf.  No.  6005).  On  the  steps  of  the  throne  is  3. 
A  Jackall  called  Lupus  Aureus y  or  the  Golden-Wolf,  said  to  he  the  Lion's 
provider — L — Jenkey  [Jenkinson,  Baron  Hawkesbury].  A  prancing  horse 
beside  the  throne  with  a  star  and  ribbon  inscribed  P  W  (Prince  of 
Wales)  is  4.  The  Principal  of  the  Fox  kind.  Next  is  a  lobster  standing 
erect  wearing  a  ribbon  inscribed  D.  Y.    He  is  5.  A  Lobster — the  flogging 

D [of  York].  With  his  back  to  the  throne,  as  if  on  the  Woolsack, 

sits  Thurlow  as  a  bear,  holding  a  paper:  Speech,  and  a  number  of  threads 
attached  to  the  noses  of  a  dense  group  of  bears  on  their  hind-legs  who 
stand  on  his  r.  He  is  6.  A  Bear,  leading  his  accompanying  Cubs  by  the 
Nose — Hurlo  Thrumbo.  Beside  him  at  the  table  is  a  small  ugly  bear  wearing 
a  judge's  wig  writing  Beauties  of  Natural  History.  Two  judges  are  repre- 
sented by  spectacled  birds  wearing  large  wigs.  Three  small  rats  in  the 
lower  r.  corner,  nibbling  at  loaves,  are  7.  Regency  Rats;  one  has  a  star 
and  a  ribbon  inscribed  L.M.  (the  Marquis  of  Lothian,  K.T.,  not  Lord 
Moira),  another  a  star  and  a  ribbon  inscribed  D  of  Q  (Duke  of  Queens- 
berry),  see  Nos.  75 15,  7526.  9  is  a  ferret  with  a  star  and  a  ribbon  inscribed 
D.  ofR.  (Richmond)  crawling  towards  the  throne.  He  is  Ordinance  Ferret. 

Beside  him  is  a  cat,  his  tail  inscribed  L.  C m  (Chatham);  he  is  JO. 

Jesuitical  Tabby.  Flying  between  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  throne  is  a 
bird  with  the  head  of  Lansdowne,  and  wearing  a  ribbon  inscribed  M.L. 
He  is  J  J.  Bird  of  Peace — Maligrida  (an  allusion  to  the  peace  of  1783,  cf. 
No.  7150).  The  other  peers  are:  1$.  A  Turkey — Viscount  Gobble;  a  stag 
with  the  head  of  Lord  Derby  is  16.  A  Stag,  his  antlers  inscribed  Maid  of 
the  Oaks,  cf.  No.  6668 ;  a  boar  with  a  star  and  a  ribbon  inscribed  Storm 
Mount  is  ly.  A  Boar  or  Bore  (Lord  Stormont,  cf.  No.  6796).  18  is  a  camel 

with  the  head  of  Portland,  and  a  ribbon  inscribed  D of  P :  18.  A 

Camel — of  undoubted  weight  in  Portland.  Next  is  a  dromedary  with  the 
head  of  Norfolk:  ig.  A  Dromedary — The  Norfolk  Farmer.  A  peacock  with 
a  ribbon  and  star  is  20.  A  Peacock  from  Carlisle  (Lord  Carlisle).  A  croco- 
dile seated  at  the  table  in  back  view,  with  the  elongated  judge's  wig  which 
indicated  Loughborough  (Wedderburn),  is  21.  A  Crocodile.  Lord  Weather- 
turn.   On  the  farther  side  of  the  table  is  a  phalanx  of  wolves  with  twisted 

tails  like  ram's  horns  who  are  28.  W ves  in  Sheep's  Cloathing.   Above 

their  heads  is  suspended  a  double  mitre  inscribed  Pluralities  to  show  that 
they  are  the  bishops. 

The  Commons  are  closely  crowded  together  in  a  smaller  space.  Fox, 
with  a  fox's  body,  stands  leaning  on  the  barrier  holding  strings  attached 
to  the  beaks  of  a  number  of  geese.  He  is  23.  Charley  Boy  leading  his  Saga- 
cious Admirers.   Next  Fox,  and  perched  on  the  barrier,  is  a  bird  wearing 

the  Speaker's  wig,  he  is  12.  The  Sp r  (Addington).  Next,  and  with  his 

forefeet  on  the  barrier,  is  a  zebra  with  the  profile  of  Pitt;  he  is  29.   The 

Q s  Ass  [cf.  No.  7488,  &c.]  or  Master  Billy  leading  his  T- y  [Treasury] 

Toadeaters.  There  are  six  asses  with  human  heads  having  strings  held 
by  Pitt  attached  to  their  noses.    On  their  ears  minute  letters  are  etched : 

M G (Marquis  of  Graham),  L.  M n  (Lord  Mornington),  L.  A 

(Lord  Apsley),  L.  B m  (Lord  Bayham).  These  are  evidently  intended 

to  be  Lords  of  the  Treasury,  but  Graham  was  succeeded  by  Apsley  in 
Aug.  1789.  The  fourth  Lord  was  E.  J.  Eliot,  M.P.  for  Liskeard.  Behind 
them  come  M'  Roe  and  M'  S  (Rose  and  Steele  the  Treasury  Secretaries). 

Next  these  is  an  elephant  with  a  magpie  perched  on  his  back.  They  are 
13.  An  Elephant — Sawney  Controul  (Dundas,  cf.  No.  7152)  and  14.  A 

656 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Magpie.  The  little  Major  (Scott,  the  agent  of  Hastings).  Next  is  L.  M—g — e 
(Lord  Mulgrave),  a  jovial-looking  animal  of  uncertain  species.  In  front  of 
him  is  30.  A  Puppy  of  curious  breed — Stuttering  Billy  [Grenville] ;  he  wears 
spectacles.  Perched  on  the  farther  end  of  the  barrier  is  Wilkes  as  a  monkey 
holding  the  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty  reversed ;  he  is  31.  A  Monkey  tearing 

the  Cap  of  Liberty — Squinting  J k  (cf.  Nos.  5245,  6568,  &c.).    In  the 

foreground  behind  Fox's  geese  is  a  bellows  inscribed  wit  whose  nozzle 
supports  the  profile  head  of  Courtenay ;  it  has  a  large  bushy  tail  inscribed 
Satire  (cf.  No.  7052) ;  he  is  24.  An  Animal  Dissected— found  to  consist  of 

Lungs  and  Tail  or  Tale.    Behind  it  is  a  clumsy  dog  inscribed  Sir  J 

J n  (Sir  James  Johnstone,  cf.  No.  73 17).  A  group  of  three  sheep  (cf.  No. 

6243)  are  8.  Country  Gentlemen;  the  most  prominent  is  M^  P (Powys); 

the  others  are  ikf  M w(?)  (?  Marsham,  M.P.  for  Kent)  and  M'  R 

(?  RoUe,  M.P.  for  Devon).  Behind  Powys  stands  a  spotted  creature  with 
the  angry  profile  of  Burke ;  he  is  22.  The  Hyena  of  St.  Omer's  (cf.  No. 
6026).  Near  him  is  the  head  of  North  who  is  25.  A  Badger  L  Boreas  (cf. 
No.  6196,  &c.).  An  armadillo-like  creature  with  a  wooden  leg,  standing 
behind  Courtenay  (Brook  Watson),  is  36.  A  Shark  (cf.  No.  6965).   The 

ox's  head  on  the  extreme  1.  is  Aid  N (Newnham).   Others  on  the  1. 

of  the  design  are :  33.  A  Goat — Sir  Watty  (Watkin  Lewes,  cf.  No.  6509) ; 
2y.  An  American  Sloth,  Gen^  Saratoga  (Burgoyne);  26.  A  Tyger—from 
Bengall(wkh.  the  profile  of  Francis) ;  32.  Weathercock  of  Eden,  a  weathercock 
wearing  a  baron's  coronet,  though  Eden  was  not  yet  Lord  Auckland,  cf. 
No.  7183).  The  spaces  in  the  closely  packed  throng  are  filled  in  with  heads 
of  dogs,  of  a  porcupine,  and  of  a  rhinoceros.  The  law}^ers  are  represented 
by  birds  of  prey  wearing  legal  wigs  flying  above  the  heads  of  the  Commons. 
They  are  Master  Dickey  (Arden,  Master  of  the  Rolls),  Sir  Archey  (Mac- 
donald.  Attorney- General),  Scotto  (Scott,  Solicitor- General). 

On  the  wall  which  forms  a  background  are  three  pictures  inscribed 
respectively  Sketch  \  of  the  \  Constitution  |.  The  first  is  of  three  figures  in 
back  view  holding  hands  standing  on  a  plank  which  is  supported  on  a  post : 
the  King  in  crown  and  robes  is  i^^  Estate;  in  the  centre  is  a  peer  in  his 
robes  and  wearing  several  coronets,  inscribed  2^  Estate,  and  Medium 
between  King  and  People.  On  the  r.  is  a  plainly  dressed  man  inscribed 
3^  Estate.  The  frame  is  inscribed  As  it  was.  The  second.  As  it  is,  represents 
the  peer  on  the  shoulders  of  the  commoner  pressing  him  to  the  ground, 
while  the  King,  standing  on  a  post  inscribed  Prerogative,  presses  yet  more 
coronets  (inscribed  Peerage)  on  the  head  of  the  peer.  The  three  figures  are 

inscribed  K g,  L ds,  and  C ns.    A  ( ?)  piece  of  fallen  timber, 

perhaps  the  plank  in  *As  it  was',  is  inscribed  Check.  The  third  picture, 
As  it  may  be,  is  of  Liberty  holding  her  cap  on  a  staff  and  holding  out  a 
shield  on  which  are  three  fleurs-de-lis  inscribed  Example  and  with  the 
motto  Three  in  One,  probably  an  allusion  to  the  contemporary  French 
motto  'la  Nation,  la  Loi,  le  Roi',  cf.  Nos.  7661,  7694. 

Pitt  was  much  blamed  for  his  lavish  creation  of  peers  (cf.  No.  6631,  &c.) 
which,  however,  did  not  increase  the  constitutional  importance  of  the 
House  of  Lords.  The  momentous  decision  of  the  French  States-General 
(27  June  1789)  that  the  three  estates  should  sit  together  instead  of  separ- 
ately is  extolled.  (The  three  English  estates  are,  more  correctly.  Lords 
Spiritual,  Lords  Temporal,  and  Commons).  For  the  theme  of  the  growing 
power  of  the  House  of  Lords  cf.  No.  6436.  Similar  in  character  to  No. 
7682. 
8Jxi6fin. 

657  uu 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7624  FRITH  THE  MADMAN  HURLING  TREASON  AT  THE 
KING. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub.  Jan  31. 17 go  hy  SW Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Where  may  he  seen  the 
Completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c.  in  the  Kingdom.  Admittance 
one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  On  the  extreme  r.  the  royal  coach  is 
passing,  the  King  is  seen  through  the  window  in  profile  to  the  r.  A  ragged 
man  with  the  head  of  Burke,  bald  and  aged,  stands  with  a  hatful  of  stones, 
about  to  hurl  one  at  the  King.  He  is  restrained  by  a  burly  Bow  Street 
officer  with  a  long  constable's  staff  who  grasps  his  ragged  shirt.  A  young 
man,  plainly  dressed  but  resembling  the  Prince  of  Wales,  seizes  him  firmly 
by  the  r.  arm.  A  stout  woman  and  a  sailor  stand  arm-in-arm  on  the  1.  The 
woman,  who  is  Fox,  carries  a  basket  and  a  Dying  Speech^  she  looks  regret- 
fully at  Burke ;  above  her  head  is  etched  Creul  \sic\  Fortune  thus  our  hopes 
\to'\  Destroy.  The  sailor,  who  is  Sheridan,  turns  his  head  away,  saying. 
Darned  unlucky.  He  holds  a  paper  [Ki]ngs  last  Speech.  In  the  background 
is  a  procession  of  Life  Guards  riding  behind  the  King's  coach  and  looking 
towards  Fox  and  his  friends.  A  beefeater  with  a  pike  stands  on  the  extreme 
r.,  the  head  of  another  appears  in  the  background.  On  the  roof  of  the  coach 
sits  a  small  demon  playing  a  fiddle. 

On  21  Jan.  when  George  III  was  driving  to  open  Parliament,  one  John 
Frith,  a  half-pay  lieutenant  known  to  be  insane,  hurled  a  large  stone  into 
the  royal  coach.  He  appeared  at  the  Old  Bailey  on  17  Apr.  and  was  found 
insane.  London  Chronicle ^  22  Jan.  and  19  Apr.  1790.  See  also  No.  7626. 
Cf.  No.  6974,  a  satire  on  the  supposed  attitude  of  the  Opposition  to  the 
attack  of  Margaret  Nicholson. 

8^X13  in. 

7625  THE  FREE-BORN  BRITON  OR  A  PERSPECTIVE  OF  TAXA- 
TION. 

[Dent.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Dent  February  3^  1790 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  copy,  with  additions  and  slight  altera- 
tions, of  No.  6914.  John  Bull's  r.  foot,  instead  of  being  planted  on  the 
ground,  is  raised  to  stamp,  and  his  r.  shoe  is  inscribed  Stamp  instead  of 
*Excise'.  To  the  door  inscribed  Shop  Tax  has  been  added  in  smaller 
letters  Repealed!!!  To  the  church  wall  on  the  r.  the  word  Tithes  has  been 
added.  Above  the  caterpillar  on  the  r.  the  trunk  of  an  elephant  extends 
from  the  r.  margin,  inscribed  State  Trial  (of  Hastings).  At  John  Bull's 
feet  have  been  added  (i)  a  paper  inscribed  Lending  Newspapers  to  read 
Prohibited;  (2)  a  torn  paper  inscribed  Trial  by  Jury;  and  (3)  a  cap  of 
Liberty  on  a  broken  staff  inscribed  Extention  of  Excise ;  the  cap  is  inscribed : 
Publicans  and  all  Venders  of  a  Pen*orth  of  Tobacco  to  pay  f  annually  for 
a  Licence.  The  inscriptions  on  the  two  yokes  carried  by  John  Bull  are 
reversed,  so  that  the  bundle  of  taxes  on  the  1.  inscribed  Stamps  hangs  from 
the  Civil  Listy  while  Taxes  hang  from  the  National  Debt.  From  the 
Stamps  'Advertisements'  and  'Wills'  are  omitted,  and  Horses  replaces 
Tost  Horses'.  To  the  bunch  of  Taxes  are  added  Carts^  CertificateSy  Horses, 

658 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Wheels.  John  Bull's  wig  is  inscribed  Per—fumery.  From  behind  the 
church  wall  (r.)  extends  an  arm  holding  a  sabre  inscribed  Tax  Farmers. 
To  the  Excise  Man  (1.)  is  added  the  word  Starch.  The  inscription  beneath 
the  title  is  unaltered. 

The  Shop  Tax  (see  No.  6798)  was  repealed  as  from  5  Apr.  1789,  the 
loss  being  c.  ,£56,000,  cf.  No.  7633.  Certain  stamp  duties  were  increased 
by  the  budget  of  1789,  including  an  additional  halfpenny  on  every  news- 
paper and  sixpence  on  each  advertisement.  The  practice  of  letting  out 
newspapers  to  read  was  prohibited ;  by  the  existing  practice,  Pitt  said,  the 
hawker  lent  a  newspaper  to  twenty  or  thirty  readers.  Pari.  Hist.y  xxviii. 
212.  For  the  transference  of  the  tax  on  tobacco  from  customs  to  excise 
see  No.  7545,  &c.,  for  *Tax  Farmers'  No.  7159. 
8jxi3|m. 

7626  I.  FRITH  THE  UNFORTUNATE  STONE-THROWER,  OR 
A  FOOLISH  THROW  FOR  FULL  PAY. 

WM  (HASTINGS),  THE  FORTUNATE  STONE  THROWER,  OR  A 
WISE  THROW  FOR  A  FULL  P— RD— N  [c.  Jan.-Apr.  1790] 

[Dent.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  first  title  describes  a  group  on  the 
1.  of  the  design,  the  second  a  group  on  the  r.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  the 
King's  coach  in  which  are  the  King  and  two  courtiers,  all  alarmed;  one 
puts  his  Gold  stick  out  of  the  window.  Two  huge  beefeaters  stand  between 
the  coach  and  a  small,  thin  military  officer  who  raises  a  stone  to  hurl  at 
the  coach.  At  his  feet  is  an  open  book  inscribed  Gulliver  the  little  in  Brob- 
dignag;  behind  his  head  is  a  crescent  moon  inscribed  jB^J/aw  with,  added 
in  pencil,  a  minute  gibbet  inscribed  *or  this*.  He  is  Frith,  an  insane  half- 
pay  officer,  see  No.  7624. 

Warren  Hastings  stands  with  his  back  to  Frith  holding  out  an  open  box 
inscribed  Presents  Bulse,  and  scattering  diamonds  on  the  ground.  Five 
small  inhabitants  of  Lilliput  lie  on  the  ground  scrambling  for  the  diamonds : 
the  foremost  is  Queen  Charlotte  who  fills  her  apron,  next  her  is  Mrs. 
Schwellenberg,  saying,  Matam,  dese  be  prescious  Stone — inteed;  she  kneels 
on  and  partly  conceals  a  small  (unidentified)  diamond-gatherer.  On  the 
extreme  r.  are  Thurlow  and  the  King,  also  grovelling.  In  front  of  Hastings 
or  Gulliver,  who  wears  oriental  dress  with  a  jewelled  turban,  is  an  open 
book  inscribed  Gulliver  the  great  in  Lilliput.  Behind  his  head  is  a  coronet 
inscribed  Peerage.  The  *  Hastings'  of  the  title  is  represented  by  pods  of 
peas,  cf.  No.  7267,  &c. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  supposed  bribes  offered  by  Hastings,  see 
No.  7278,  &c. ;  for  the  'bulse'  see  No.  6966,  &c.  For  the  allegations  against 
the  Queen  cf.  No.  6978,  &c. 

4fXi5jin. 

7627  PEACHUM  AND  LOCKIT, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  Febv  i^^  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Burke  and  Sheridan  are  in  violent  con- 
flict: Burke  (1.),  very  tall  and  thin,  lunges  forward,  seizing  Sheridan  by 
the  throat,  his  fist  ready  to  strike;  Sheridan  (r.)  holds  Burke's  cravat  and 

659 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL   SATIRES 

has  seized  his  wig  by  the  queue,  revealing  a  bald  head  inscribed  Tory. 
Burke  (Peachum)  says,  Brother^  brother  we  are  both  in  the  wrong ;  from  his 
pocket  protrude  a  paper  inscribed  Secrets.  From  Sheridan's  pocket  pro- 
trudes a  large  key  inscribed  (in  pencil)  'Prince's  Closet'.  Behind  Burke  (1.) 
is  a  table  on  which  is  an  open  book  inscribed  To  day  Argue  for  Republicism 
\sic'\  and  To-morrow  Argue  for  Monarchy.  This  is  propped  up  on  two 
papers:  Almanack  Full  Moon  and  At  present  fully  satisfied  with  my  conduct 
respecting  my  Persecution  of  M^  H[astings].  Above  is  a  picture :  The  Sublime 
&  Beautiful  Janus.  Two  Burkes,  back  to  back  in  profile,  gesticulate 
violently,  as  if  making  a  speech;  one  (1.)  Speaking  on  English  Affairs,  says, 
Hurled  by  Providence  from  the  Throne  (an  allusion  to  a  speech  of  Burke  on 
the  Regency,  5  Feb.  1789.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxix.  121 3.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884, 
V.  301.  It  roused  general  condemnation,  cf.  Nos.  7499,  7689,  7868);  the 
other  (r.).  Speaking  on  French  Affairs,  says.  Kings  should  be  held  Sacred, 
Beside  Burke,  who  wears  court  dress,  is  his  chapeau-bras,  beside  Sheridan 
a  plain  round  hat.  Behind  Burke  a  piece  of  ( ?)  wood  inscribed  Revolution 
lies  on  another  inscribed  (in  pencil)  'Toleration';  together  they  form  a 
cross.  Behind  Sheridan  are  two  crossed  keys,  broken,  and  labelled  Regency 
disappointment.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched,  or  the  fall  out  and  make  up,  a 
Scene  in  the  Beggar's  Opera  [11.  ii],  as  Acted,  at  the  Great  Theatre,  by  two 
distinguished  Characters. 

For  this  quarrel,  here  represented  as  the  falling-out  of  thieves  (cf.  No. 
7856),  and  the  sensation  which  it  caused  see  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters^ 
*•  349~54'  357-  Sheridan  (9  Feb.)  violently  attacked  Burke  for  a  speech 
in  which  he  answered  (with  many  professions  of  admiration)  one  by  Fox 
approving  the  conduct  of  the  French  Guard  in  refusing  to  obey  the  orders 
of  the  Court.  Burke  published  the  speech,  the  first  declaration  of  his  atti- 
tude towards  the  French  Revolution  and  of  his  divergence  of  opinion  from 
his  party.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxviii.  351-73 ;  Moore,  Life  of  Sheridan,  pp.  454-9. 
The  quarrel  is  here  attributed  to  jealousy  at  Sheridan's  predominance  at 
Carlton  House,  cf.  Moore,  op.  cit.,  pp.  426-7,  and  No.  7493,  &c.  See  also 
Nos.  7631,  7858. 
6|xiof  in. 

7628  THE  REPEAL  OF  THE  TEST  ACT    A  VISION. 

J  Sayer  fec^ 

Published  by  Tho^  Cornell  16^^  February  lygo 

Engraving.  A  complicated  design:  advocates  for  religious  toleration  in  a 
church,  the  pulpit  occupied  by  Priestley,  Price,  and  Lindsey.  The  central 
figure  is  Price,  to  whom  the  clerk  standing  below  has  passed  up  in  a  cleft 
stick  a  paper  inscribed :  The  Prayers  of  this  Congregation  are  desired  for  the 
Success  of  the  patriot  Members  of  the  national  Assembly  now  sitting  in  France. 
Price  takes  the  paper,  and,  raising  his  1.  hand  sanctimoniously,  says:  And 
now  Let  us  fervently  pray  for  the  Abolition  of  all  unlimited  and  limit[ed] 
Monarchy,  for  the  Annihilation  of  all  ecclesiastical  Revenues  and  Endow- 
ments, for  the  Extinction  of  all  Orders  of  Nobility  and  all  rank  and  Subordina- 
tion in  civil  Society  and  that  Anarchy  and  Disorder  may  by  our  pious 
Endeavours  prevail  throughout  the  Universe — See  my  Sermon  on  the  Anniver- 
sary of  the  Revolution  (see  No.  7629,  &c.).  Priestley  leans  over  the  1.  edge 
of  the  pulpit,  his  r.  arm  raised ;  flames  issuing  from  his  mouth  expand  into 
four  columns  Of  smoke  inscribed  respectively  Atheism  (smaller  than  the 

660 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1790 

Others),  Deism,  Socinianism,  Arianism.  This  blast  strikes  an  angel  carrying 
a  cross;  he  flies  out  of  a  window  (1.),  looking  over  his  shoulder  at  Priestley 
with  an  expression  of  horror.  Through  the  window  is  also  seen  a  church 
steeple,  being  pulled  down  by  a  rope.  Seated  in  a  pew  below  is  Fox  (1.)  who 
looks  up  at  the  preacher,  smiling ;  a  similar  column  of  smoke  issues  from 
his  mouth  and  rises  towards  Priestley,  inscribed  Hear  hear  hear.  Lindsey 
leans  over  the  r.  side  of  the  pulpit,  holding  out  A  Table  of  the  Thirty  nine 
Articles  in  a  frame,  this  he  tears  to  pieces.  The  back  of  the  pulpit,  above 
Price's  head,  is  ornamented  with  an  inverted  and  irradiated  triangle  con- 
taining the  letters  PPL,  the  initials  of  the  three  preachers.  Above  it  is 
suspended  a  marquess's  coronet  with  Lord  Lansdowne's  beehive  crest. 
On  the  sounding-board  are  (1.)  two  books:  Priestley  on  civil  Government 
and  Price  on  civil  Liberty.  Beside  them  hangs  from  the  roof  a  striped  flag 
inscribed  America  (Price's  'Observations  on  civil  liberty  .  .  .'  (1776)  had 
encouraged  the  Declaration  of  Independence,  see  No.  5644).  On  the  books 
stands  a  small  demon.  Another  demon,  wearing  the  steeple-crowned  hat 
of  the  puritans  of  the  Commonwealth,  sits  on  an  open  book  (r.)  inscribed 
a  Sermon  on  the  Anniversary  of  the  glorious  Revolution. 

Beneath  the  pulpit  is  a  pew  running  across  the  church  from  1.  to  r.  and 
containing  the  clerk's  desk.  In  this  sits  Fox  (1.) ;  facing  him  in  profile  to 
the  1.  is  Dr.  Abraham  Rees  looking  through  a  large  magnifying-glass  at 
a  large  open  volume  inscribed  Bacons  liber  Regis  and  Cantuar.  On  the 
clerk's  desk  is  a  paper :  Ye  are  desired  to  take  Notice  That  a  Vestry  mil  be 
held  on  Tuesday  to  take  into  Consideration  some  necessary  Reforms  both  in 
the  Church  and  State.  Behind  and  between  these  two  is  a  shadowy  head, 
partly  obliterated  by  the  smoke  issuing  from  Fox,  identified  as  Sir  Henry 
Hoghton.  Next  him  is  a  woman  with  the  closed  eyes  and  upturned  face 
of  an  enthusiast ;  she  holds  out  an  open  book :  Marg^  Nicholson  her  Book 
(see  No.  6973,  &c.).  Seated  in  profile  to  the  r.  is  Dr.  Kippis.  Standing 
beside  him  is  Lord  Stanhope,  smiling,  his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  1. 
He  tears  in  half  a  paper  inscribed :  Acts  of  Parliam^  for  the  Uniformity  of 
Common  Prayer,  and  Service  in  y^  Church  and  Administration  of  the  Sacra- 
ments. Beneath  his  elbow  is  a  paper:  Heads  of  a  Bill  for  the  Abolition  of 
Tithes  and  other  ecclesiastical  Endowm[ents].  In  front  of  the  pulpit  the 
central  figure  is  an  exciseman  standing  with  his  back  to  the  pulpit  and 
looking  over  his  shoulder  at  Stanhope  with  a  smile.  An  ink-bottle  is 
attached  to  his  coat,  under  his  arm  is  a  book  inscribed  Excise.  His  folded 
hands  rest  on  the  head  of  a  cane,  the  tip  of  which  is  in  a  chalice  which 
stands  at  his  feet.  Under  his  foot  is  a  paper:  Order  for  the  Ministration  of 
the  holy  Communion.  He  is  gauging  a  Communion  cup,  and  is  evidently 
Thomas  Paine.  Next  him  (r.)  in  back  view,  kneeling,  is  a  bishop,  with 
enormous  lawn  sleeves;  he  is  identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  Edward  Law, 
Bishop  of  Carlisle,  but  an  open  book  in  front  of  him  is  inscribed  Watson 
Tracts,  suggesting  that  he  is  Watson  of  Llandaff^,  cf.  No.  7419.  In  the  fore- 
ground on  the  1.  a  kneeling  man  is  flinging  out  the  contents  of  an  open 
chest  on  which  are  a  bishop's  escutcheon,  and  a  female  figure  with  a  cross 
and  chalice,  probably  representing  religion.  He  throws  out  a  large  book : 
The  Book  of  Common  Prayer  to  join  a  book  of  Homilies.  Beside  this  lie 
a  mitre,  a  crozier,  a  chalice,  a  communion  plate  with  bread  at  which  rats 
are  nibbling,  a  paper:  The  Communion  of  Saints,  &c.  Looking  over  the 
shoulder  of  this  despoiler  of  the  Church  is  a  bearded  Jew,  his  hands  raised 
in  admiration,  saying,  O  vat  fine  plaat  I  vil  give  you  de  Monies  for  it  Sar, 
On  the  r.  and  in  profile  to  the  1.  sits  a  soldier,  with  the  lank  hair  and  upward 

661 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

gaze  of  the  enthusiast ;  he  holds  his  sabre  by  the  scabbard.  In  his  r.  hand  is 
a  steeple-crowned  hat.  Behind  him  sits  a  shadowy  worshipper,  full  face, 
with  upturned  head  and  clasped  hands.  In  the  foreground  on  the  extreme 
r.  a  beadle  is  seated  on  the  floor  asleep.  His  hat  is  inscribed  Oliver  Con- 
dahle  S^  James.  Beside  him  are  a  dog  and  an  open  book :  Killing  no  Murder 
a  Sermon  for  the  3&^  ofjawiary.  Above  the  back  of  a  pew  on  the  extreme 
r.  is  part  of  the  back  of  a  wig,  identified  as  that  of  the  Lord  Mayor.  A  large 
mace  is  beside  it,  and  a  pi/lar  surmounted  by  the  Royal  Arms :  the  lion  is 
headless  and  in  place  of  the  crown  is  a  puritan's  steeple-crowned  hat. 
Through  a  doorway  inscribed  Sanctum  Sanctor[um]  is  a  T.Q.L.  portrait 
in  an  oval  frame  of  Oliver  Cromwell.  From  a  gallery  in  the  upper  r. 
comer  of  the  design,  a  ruffianly  looking  man  leans  over  with  a  clenched 
fist,  saying.  No  Test  no  Bishops.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  paper :  The  Rights  of 
the  Protestant  Dissenters  vindicated  a  Sermon  by  Jos  Priestley.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched : 

From  such  implacable  Tormentors 
Fanatics,  Hypocrites,  Dissenters 
Cruel  in  power,  and  restless  out 
And  when  most  factious,  most  devout 
May  God  preserve  the  Church  and  Throne 
And  George  the  good  that  sits  thereon. 
Nor  may  their  Plots  exclude  his  Heirs 
From  reigning,  when  the  right  is  theirs 
For  should  the  foot  the  head  command 
And  Faction  gain  the  upper  hand 
We  may  expect  a  ruined  Land 

Butler— 

The  first  print  showing  hostility  to  the  French  Revolution.  There  had 
been  motions  for  the  repeal  of  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts  on  28  March 
1787  and  8  May  1789 ;  the  p)rint  anticipates  Fox's  motion  on  2  March  1790 
and  illustrates  the  effect  of  Price's  famous  sermon,  see  No.  7629,  &c. 
Dissent  is  associated  with  irreligion  and  republicanism,  with  the  sectaries 
of  the  seventeenth  century,  and  with  the  *  enthusiasm'  which  leads  to 
regicide. 

There  is  also  a  tracing  on  oiled  paper  of  an  earlier  version  (1788)  of  this 
print,  in  which  the  head  of  the  Jew  bending  over  the  ecclesiastical  chest 
is  *M^  Bell  of  Yarmouth';  on  publication  he  was  altered  to  a  Jew  and  the 
figure  of  a  Jew  standing  behind  him  was  removed.  The  large  label  issuing 
from  Priestley's  mouth  was  absent;  the  paper  he  receives  from  the  clerk 
was  blank;  the  book  of  Watson's  tracts  was  also  absent;  and  there  are 
other  variations.  The  book  was  probably  added  to  change  the  identifica- 
tion from  Law  (d.  1787)  to  Watson. 

The  characters,  except  the  exciseman  Paine,  have  been  identified  by 
Miss  Banks,  doubtless  on  information  from  Sayers.  Price,  Priestley,  and 
Lansdowne  (Shelbume)  had  been  satirized  in  1780  as  associates  in  irre- 
ligion and  sedition,  see  No.  5644.  Kippis,  Rees,  and  Lindsey  were  promi- 
nent and  learned  dissenters  of  similar  views  to  those  of  their  friend  Priestley. 
Law  was  a  bishop  of  advanceii  views  who  had  been  suspected  of  Unitarian 
opinions,  see  Abbey,  The  E7iglish  Church  and  its  Bishops,  ii.  245-51.  Sir 
Henry  Hoghton,  M.P.  for  Preston,  seconded  Beaufoy's  motion  for  repeal 
in  1787  and  1788,  and  Fox's  motion  in  1790.  For  the  voluminous  literature 
relating  to  the  movement  for  repeal  see  An  arranged  Catalogue  of  the  several 

662 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

publications  . .  .from  . . .  1772  to  1790  inclusive  (B.M.L.,  126.  i.  9) ;  Belsham, 
Memoirs  of  the  Reign  of  George  Illy  1796,  iv.  277  ff.  See  also  Nos.  7347, 
7480,  7629,  7630,  7632,  7633,  7635,  7636,  7637,  7642,  7643,  7822,  8276. 

This  print  is  described  in  the  St.  James's  Chronicle^  20  Feb.  1790,  as  'the 
happiest  of  his  [Mr.  Sayers's]  performances',  the  portraits  being  excellent 
likenesses,  and  the  incidents  *the  most  forcible  strokes  of  satire,  that,  since 
the  time  of  Hudibras,  have  been  aimed  at  the  cause  of  fanatacism*. 
184x13!  in. 

7629  THE  TEST. 

[?  Rowlandson.] 

Pub  Feb  20,  lygo  by  S.  W.  Fores,  N  3  Piccadilly, 

In  Forests  Caricature  Museum  is  the  Compleatest  Collection  in  the  King- 
dom. Also  the  Head  and  Hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admittance  j«. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Dissenters  are  engaged  in  burning 
churches  and  attacking  the  clergy.  In  the  foreground  a  stout  bishop  on 
his  knees  is  being  kicked  and  assailed  by  men  with  bludgeons ;  beside  him 
is  a  book:  Refutation  of  D^  Price.  He  exclaims,  raising  his  hands.  Murder, 
fire,  thieves.  One  of  his  assailants  says.  Make  room  for  the  Apostle  of 
Liberty ;  the  other,  God  assisting  us  nothing  is  to  be  feared.  Under  this  group 
is  inscribed :  And  when  they  had  smote  the  Shepherd^  the  Sheep  were  scattered. 
Behind  (r.)  a  Gothic  building,  from  which  extends  a  sign  of  the  Mitre  and 
Crown,  is  being  demolished.  Price  sits  astride  on  the  beam  supporting 
the  sign ;  in  one  hand  is  an  open  book.  Love  of  our  Country,  in  the  other 
is  a  firebrand  inscribed  The  Flame  of  Liberty.  Beneath,  two  men  in  steeple- 
crowned  hats  are  feeding  a  fire  with  faggots,  whose  flame  and  smoke, 
inscribed  sg  Articles,  ascends  in  a  thick  cloud.  Next  the  burning  building, 
and  on  the  extreme  r.,  is  a  porch  (over  a  doorway)  in  which  stands  Fox, 
blowing  a  horn  and  pointing  down  to  a  placard  over  the  doorway :  Places 
under  Government  to  be  disposed  of.  NB,  Several  Faro  and  E.O.  Tables  in 
good  Condition.  An  adjacent  placard  is :  day  next  charity  sermon  by  Rev^ 
cha^  Fox.  A  group  of  eager  fanatics  with  lank  hair  rushes  towards  the 
doorway,  holding  up  to  Fox  money-bags  inscribed  30.000,  10.000  and 
20.000.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  are  two  fanatics  struggling  for  the  bag  of 
the  Great  Seal;  one  raises  a  mace  inscribed  Brotherly  Love  to  strike  his 
opponent ;  under  his  foot  is  a  paper :  Repeal  of  the  Test  Act. 

In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  group  of  figures  engaged  in  demolishing  a 
church  with  pickaxes ;  a  rope  pulls  over  the  cross  on  the  steeple.  Two  of 

this  group  look  towards  Price :  a  parson  inscribed  P ly  (Priestley)  waves 

his  hat,  saying.  Make  haste  to  pull  down  that  old  Whore  and  weHl  build  a 
new  one  in  its  place',  a  lean  man,  fashionably  dressed  (evidently  Stanhope), 
extends  his  arms,  saying.  Address  to  Assemblee  national.  Beneath  the  design 
is  etched : 

Bell  and  the  Dragon's  Chaplains  were 

More  moderate  than  these  by  far. 

For  they  poor  Knaves!  were  glad  to  cheat 

To  get  their  wives  and  children  meat; 

But  these  will  not  befobVd  off  so; 

They  must  have  wealth  and  power  too, 

This  propagandist  print  anticipates  Fox's  motion  for  the  repeal  of  the 

663 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Test  and  Corporation  Acts  on  2  March,  see  No.  7628,  &c.  It  illustrates 
the  great  impression  caused  by  Price's  famous  sermon  'on  The  Love  of 
our  Country'  on  4  Nov.  1789  to  the  Revolution  Society,  after  which  he 
moved  the  address  to  the  National  Assembly  of  France  congratulating 
them  on  the  revolution,  which  was  signed  by  Stanhope  as  Chairman. 
G.  Stanhope  and  G.  P.  Gooch,  Life  of  Charles  third  Earl  Stanhope^  19 14, 
pp.  86-7  (see  No.  7889,  &c.).  Six  answers  (1790)  to  Price's  sermon  are 
in  the  B.M.L.,  none  by  a  bishop,  but  one  by  Archdeacon  Coxe.  See  Nos. 
7628,  7685,  7686,  7689,  7690,  7822,  7858. 
9Axi4iiin. 

7630  MEETING  OF  DISSENTERS  RELIGIOUS  AND  POLITICAL 
1790. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  Feb  22^  lygo  by  W  Dent 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).  A  dense  crowd  of 
men  fills  the  space  between  two  buildings  partly  visible  on  the  extreme  1. 
and  r.  On  the  1.  is  a  stone  building  with  a  closed  door  inscribed  Church 
and  State,  fastened  by  a  huge  padlock  inscribed  Motive.  On  the  r.  projects 
the  sign  of  the  King's  Head  164^ :  the  decapitated  head  of  Charles  I.  The 
political  dissenters  are  on  the  L,  the  most  prominent  being  Fox  in  Crom- 
wellian  armour,  his  sash  inscribed  Spirit  of  Cromwell  (cf.  No.  6380,  &c.); 
he  stands  on  a  cloud  to  indicate  that  he  is  a  ghost,  and  holds  out  a  paper 
inscribed  Motion  to  Repeal  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts,  saying,  /  care 
not  what's  the  established  Religion — not  I — heaven  knows  I  trouble  the  Church 
very  little — therefore  Fll  move  the  Repeal — in  return — /  have  your  interest 
at  the  general  Election — and  pray  dont  continue  to  preach  against  wenching 
and  gaming — the  Practice  you  know  nothing  about.  Sheridan,  who  stands 
beside  him  (1.),  adds.  Nor  hold  forth  against  Poor  Players.  A  paper  inscribed 
Drury  Lane  protrudes  from  his  pocket.  A  man  looking  at  the  closed  door 
(1.)  says:  We'll  turn  our  Meetings  into  Chapels.  The  stout  and  jovial 
Dr.  Towers  (cf.  No.  6246),  a  label  inscribed  Constitutional  Society  issuing 
from  his  pocket,  addresses  Fox :  We'll  Preach  and  Pray  for  nothing  but  the 
Constitution.  A  very  lean  and  sanctimonious-looking  dissenter  says  Amen. 
Beneath  this  (political)  group  is  inscribed :  This  New  Coalition  designed  by 
Hope  and  Executed  by  mutual  convenience.  Two  men  who  are  prominent 
among  the  religious  dissenters  (who  all  wear  clerical  bands)  resemble  Price 
and  Priestley.  Price  says:  We  dissent  from  the  Church  for  a  Living  y  and  we 
get  it — your  Church  Preachers  are  too  drowsy — they  have  no  fire — they  have 
not  the  Spirit — they  only  endeavour  to  inform  the  under sta?iding,  and  send 
their  Congregation  asleep,  and  so  people  are  afraid  of  getting  cold  at  Church 
for  want  of  Company — We  affect  the  Passions — we  abuse  them — we  tell 
them  they  are  lost  Sheep — we  thump  the  Cushion — we  tell  them  they  are 

d dy  and  they  like  it,  and  our  Subscription  seats  are  crowded,  and  so  we 

get  a  living — and  if  we  get  a  repeal  and  become  equal  we'll  not  rest  till  we  rise 
Superior.  A  stout  man  on  the  extreme  r.  angrily  tears  a  paper  inscribed 
Thirty  nine  Articles,  saying.  What  care  I  for  these,  give  me  the  Fortieth 
Article — a  good  fat  Living  I  mean.  In  the  foreground,  at  the  feet  of  the 
dissenting  parsons,  lie  (r.)  a  mitre  and  crown  which  are  being  attacked  by 
serpents  inscribed :  Deism,  Arianism,  Presb[yterianism],  Socinianism,  ism  &c 
and  Republicism.   Beside  these  is  a  conspirator's  dark  lantern. 

664 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1 79O 

In  the  background  church  steeples  are  sketched,  to  each  of  which  is 
attached  a  broom,  like  those  attached  to  the  masts  of  ships  to  show  that 
they  were  for  sale.  On  the  roof  of  one  of  these  buildings  are  three  parsons 
(one  a  bishop)  fast  alseep,  one  of  whom  holds  a  bottle. 

A  print  anticipating  Fox's  motion  for  the  repeal  of  the  Test  and  Corpora- 
tion Acts  on  2  March,  see  No.  7628,  &c.  There  was  an  intensive  press  and 
pamphlet  controversy  on  this  subject.  Cf.  Gent.  Mag.,  1790,  pp.  143-50, 
&c.  The  dissenters  (who  had  hitherto  supported  Pitt)  had  agreed  to  sup- 
port 'those  well  affected  to  the  cause  of  civil  and  religious  liberty'  at  the 
pending  General  Election,  see  No.  7635. 

Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  553. 
6|xiof  in. 

Another  print  is  described  in  the  Public  Advertiser  of  8  March :  *  A  Carica- 
ture print  lately  published,  it  is  said,  has  afforded  his  Grace  of  Canterbury 
and  friends  some  merriment  .  .  .  Charley  [Fox]  accompanied  by  some  of 
his  brethren  of  the  tribe  of  Levi  (cf.  No.  6617,  &c.),  was  depicted  entering 
Lambeth  Palace,  laying  violent  hands  on  the  plate,  and  turning  the  Arch- 
bishop out  of  doors.'  (Cf.  No.  7375.) 


7631  DIFFERENT  SENSATIONS. 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub.  Feb.  26.  If  go  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  his  Museum  N  3  Piccadilly. 
Where  may  be  seen  the  Completest  Collection  of  Caricatures,  in  the 
Kingdom  Admit.  IK 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  two  compartments  arranged 
one  above  the  other  and  separated  by  the  title;  each  has  also  its  own 
title : 

[i]  Bone  of  Contention.  Burke,  H.L.,  in  profile  to  the  r.  bites  one 
end  of  the  bone  of  Revolution,  the  other  end  being  in  the  mouth  of  Sheridan 
(T.Q.L.)  who  looks  to  the  1,  with  an  expression  of  fury,  his  fists  clenched. 
Burke,  the  1.  fist  clenched,  r.  hand  deprecatingly  open,  says,  Seperated  for 
EVER.  The  bone  breaks  between  them.  Fox,  H.L.,  a  slightly  smaller 
figure,  stands  between  and  behind  them,  but  nearer  Sheridan  at  whom  he 
looks  with  a  troubled  expression,  his  finger  in  his  mouth,  saying,  Craignez 
honte.    6|xio-|-in. 

[2]  Portland  Invention.  Sheridan  (1.)  and  Burke  (r.),  their  positions 
reversed,  both  T.Q.L.  (Burke  seated,  Sheridan  standing),  are  on  opposite 
sides  of  a  table  on  which  the  Duke  of  Portland,  between  them,  holds  a 
bowl  inscribed  Portland  Soup  and  decorated  with  his  arms.  Sheridan  dips 
in  his  ladle,  gazing  intently  at  Burke;  Burke  blows  at  his  ladle,  saying, 
C'est  trop  chaude,  and  scowling  fiercely  at  Sheridan.  Portland  looks  down 
at  the  tureen  with  an  expression  of  concern.   7f  x  loj  in. 

A  satire  on  the  quarrel  between  Burke  and  Sheridan,  see  No.  7627,  and 
on  the  attempted  reconciliation  by  the  Duke  of  Portland.  The  print  reflects 
the  general  opinion:  'Sheridan  is  universally  allowed  to  have  been  wrong 
originally,  and  the  Duke  of  Portland  says  Burke  was  afterwards  wrong  in 
not  favouring  a  reconciliation.'  Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  357.  Cf. 
No.  7858. 

i5}Xiof  in.  (pi.). 

665 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7632  PURITANICAL  AMUSEMENTS  REVIVED! 

Designed  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  Etch'd  by  William  Holland. 

London:  Pu¥  by  Will  Holland,  N"  50,  Oxford  Street,  Feby  27, 
lygo. 

In  Holland's  Caricature  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest 
Collection  in  Europe  of  Political  and  other  Humorous  Prints 
with  those  Published  in  Paris  on  the  French  Revolution.  Admit"  i 
Shilling 

Engraving.  A  design  crowded  with  miscellaneous  incidents:  on  the  1. 
punishments  are  being  inflicted  for  Sabbath-breaking,  &c. ;  while  on  the 
r.  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  is  being  wrecked  by  an  explosion,  to  the  delight  of 
a  number  of  demons,  some  flying,  others  on  the  ground.  On  the  1.  an 
executioner  scourges  a  man  tied  to  the  end  of  a  cart  inscribed  For  being 
detected  in  the  abominable  Sin  of  Kissing  his  Wife  on  the  Sabbath  day.  Two 
men  wearing  steeple-crowned  hats  watch  with  satisfaction :  one  says  What 
a  lewd  wretchy  the  other  Cut  him  in  pieces.  Behind  them  is  a  house :  from 
a  window  above  the  door  a  tailor  leans  out  holding  a  cock  whose  head  he 
is  about  to  cut  off^  with  his  shears ;  he  says.  No  Copulation  on  the  Lord's  Day 
thou  infernal  bird.  A  small  winged  demon  seated  on  a  lamp  projecting 
from  the  house  watches  ecstatically.  From  the  side  of  the  house  hangs  a 
cylindrical  cage  in  which  crouches  a  woman:  For  stealing  to  the  Play  House 
last  night. 

In  the  foreground  on  the  r.  of  the  cart  a  puritan  raises  an  axe  to  smash 
a  hurdy-gurdy  whose  owner  lies  on  the  ground  beside  it.  On  the  r.  are 
Dr.  Priestley  holding  a  firebrand  and  Lord  Stanhope  in  profile  to  the  1., 
wheeling  a  barrow  in  which  are  shovels  and  a  pickaxe ;  he  says,  If  I  canH 
remote  the  rubbish  by  Cart  loads  I  zoill  by  Shovels  full.  Immediately  behind 
him  is  the  smoke  of  an  explosion  from  which  rise  fragments  of  St.  Paul's; 
in  the  upper  part  of  the  design  the  dome  is  falling,  the  cross  and  ball 
dropping  from  the  summit  attended  by  a  flying  frog-like  creature.  From 
the  smoke  emerges  the  draped  figure  of  St.  Paul,  saying,  Alas!  are  all  my 
labours  to  end  thus.  In  the  centre  three  bishops  fall  to  the  ground  where 
two  puritans  stand  ready  to  kick  them  into  the  air  and  a  demon  spits  fire 
at  them.  Above  is  a  swarm  of  grotesque  demons ;  one  with  the  pendent 
breasts  of  an  old  hag  rides  a  hippopotamus-like  monster  and  waves  a  fire- 
brand. Another  rides  a  dragon  which  breathes  fire.  A  demon  holding  two 
firebrands  crouches  menacingly  between  Dr.  Priestley's  legs. 

A  satire  on  the  proposal  to  repeal  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts,  see 
No.  7628,  &c.  The  dissenters,  who  were  agitating  for  repeal,  are  saddled 
with  the  traditional  excesses  of  sectaries  of  the  seventeenth  century,  and 
of  puritans  in  New  England.  For  Stanhope's  wheelbarrow  see  No.  7539, 
and  for  Priestley's  firebrand  cf.  his  Letters  to  the  Rev.  Edward  Burn  in 
which  he  rejoiced  that  *grains  of  gunpowder'  would  certainly  blow  up 
orthodoxy  and  hierarchy  'perhaps  as  suddenly,  as  unexpectedly,  and  as 
completely,  as  the  overthrow  of  the  late  arbitrary  government  in  France', 
a  passage  quoted  by  Burke  in  his  speech  against  repeal.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxviii. 
438  (2  March).  See  also  Anecdotes  of  the  Life  of  Richard  Watson,  Bishop 
of  Llandaff,  1817,  p.  163.  Cf.  Nos.  7635,  7887,  7899. 

ii^Xi8|  in. 

666 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1790 
7633  [FRAGMENT  OF  A  STRIP  DESIGN.]  [?  Feb.  1790] 

[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Isolated  figures,  their 
words  etched  above  their  heads  as  in  No.  7482,  &c.  On  the  extreme  1. 
stands  the  Prince  of  Wales  holding  a  feathered  hat,  his  1.  hand  on  his 
breast.   He  says :  Old  Bluff  [Thurlow]  has  Paid  me  many  Compliments  the 

B p  of  C [probably  John  Douglas,  Bishop  of  Carlisle  1787-91] 

has  said  many  Handsome  things  but  all  Condemn  my  Party ^  oh  that  I  was 
hut  free  from  such.  Next  stands  the  Duke  of  Clarence  holding  a  bird-cage 
containing  a  small  bird  in  each  hand ;  he  smiles,  although  the  tip  of  his  nose 
is  missing,  and  says.  Young  Birds  just  fiedged  their  sweet  Nootes  ravish  my 

Ears  &  please  my  Eyes  but  D n  the  Hen  that  pecked  my  Nose  (probably 

an  allusion  to  Polly  Finch,  see  No.  7698).  The  Duke  of  York  kneels  on 
one  knee  in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  down,  his  r.  hand  on  his  breast;  in 

his  1.  is  a  mask.  He  says,  Thus  on  my  knees  I  swear  I  never  did  love  Try / 

[Tyrconnel]  zoith  half  the  Flame  I  feel  for  you  A  Flame  that  Constantly 
devours  me  (cf.  Nos.  7404,  7562,  7741).  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  stands  holding 
an  open  book  inscribed  How  sweet  the  love  .  .  .  (reversed),  she  looks  to  the 
!.,  her  1.  arm  outstretched,  saying.  Such  what?  go  on  to  name  the  thing  you 
most  DispisCj  are  you  then  like  a  beast  of  draughty  who's  coller*s  stretcht  & 
tharefore  Galls  hi?n.  Sheridan,  dressed  like  a  Merry  Andrew  and  wearing 
a  fool's  cap,  holds  up  a  wand,  saying,  Gentlemen  &  Ladies  I  shall  begin  to 
Exhibit  again  very  shortly  &  then  Fll  Astonish  you  all^  if  I  do  not  prove  that 

H gs  [Hastings]  might  have  acted  more  liberal  to  Us  than  any  Begum  did 

to  him,  never  give  me  Credit  any  more  D m  me  if  I  do  says  a  Taylor! 

Between  and  behind  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  Sheridan  is  a  small  boat  with 
ragged  sails.  The  Contract ,  steered  by  Fox,  who  says.  The  Bargain's  Struck, 
Dam  Church  &  State  Both  Jews  &  Greek  &  Christian  too  I  hate  Price  & 
Dissenters  aye  their  Cause  Fll  plead,  the  Test  Act  shall  like  Shop  Tax  Crown 
my  head.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  Burke  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  a  long 
gown  and  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026),  with  his  arms  raised  above  his 
head,  fists  clenched  as  if  preaching :  My  Brethren  let  Brotherly  love  con- 
tinue, it  is  a  Just  Cause  you  must  believe  your  Pastors  we'll  make  them  repeal 
the  Test  Act. 

Probably  published  before  the  debate  of  2  March  1790  when  Fox  moved 
the  repeal  of  the  Test  Act  (see  No.  7628,  &c.),  which  Burke  opposed.  For 
the  understanding  between  Fox  and  the  dissenters  cf.  No.  7630.   For  the 
repeal  of  the  Shop  Tax  (see  No.  6798),  on  Fox's  motion,  see  No.  7625. 
8|X2o|in. 

7634  EXCISE  INQUISITION  ERECTING  BY  ENGLISH  SLAVES 
UNDER  THE  SCOURGE  OF  THEIR  TASK-MASTERS  THE 
EXCISE  OFFICERS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J,  Barnes  March  12^^  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Britannia  lies  asleep  in  a  cradle  inscribed 
Delusion  which  is  rocked  by  Pitt  (1.)  and  Rose  (r.).  The  rockers  are  Law 
(on  which  Pitt  places  his  foot)  and  Excise.  Pitt,  holding  a  rolled  document 
inscribed  Plans,  and  a  key  (the  *key  of  the  back-stairs',  see  No.  6564,  &c.), 
sings  ''Rule  Britannia,  Britannia  rule  the  waves".   Rose,  who  holds  a  rose 

667 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  a  pen  to  show  his  identity,  sings  '^Britons  never  shall  he  Slaves". 
Britannia  holds  a  drooping  spray  of  leaves  in  her  hand;  her  coverlet  is: 
Extention  of  Excise.  On  the  1.  stands  Thurlow  in  his  robes,  looking  at 
Britannia  with  clenched  fist  and  angry  scowl;  he  holds  a  paper  inscribed 

For  Trial  without  Jury  the  Head  of  the  best  Min r  cannot  make  sufficient 

Attonementy  and  sings:  ''How  fast  the  drowsy  Bitch  doth  lie.''  On  the  r. 
behind  the  head  of  the  cradle  stands  a  man  singing  *5jy,  by^  lullaby*;  he 
holds  behind  his  back  Britannia's  shield  (inscribed  Maner)  and  spear.  He 
is  perhaps  Mainwaring,  M.P.  for  Middlesex  and  Chairman  of  the  Middle- 
sex Quarter  Sessions  (excise  ofltences  were  tried  before  two  commissioners 
or  two  J.P.'s  without  a  jury). 

In  the  background  (r.)  from  a  pile  of  stones  inscribed  Bastille  (see  No. 
7550,  &c.)  flies  a  large  flag  on  which  is  a  figure  of  Liberty  holding  up  her 
cap  on  its  staff".  The  flagstaff^  is  decorated  with  a  fleur-de-lis.  In  front  is 
a  fleet  of  ships  in  full  sail  inscribed  Channel  of  S^  Denis  French  Fleet.  In 
the  foreground  on  the  extreme  r.  the  head  of  the  British  Lion  appears ;  he 
is  blindfolded  and  chained  to  the  ground.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

*' Their  Per  sons  y  their  Property  y  their  ReputatioUy  their  Lives  were  aban-'' 
"doned  to  the  arbitrary  decisions  of  a  Court  of  Inquisition  and  sanctioned'' 
*' against  the  backs  of  a  certain  Class  of  British  Subjects y  the  satiguine  hand" 
"of  Tyranny  hoped  soon  to  flourish  with  undiscriminating  fury  over  our  heads" 
*'her  vilifying  rody  reeking  with  the  blood  of  Englishmen  at  largCy  already" 
''terrified  into  Submissiony  tamed  by  example  and  gradually  fashioned  for" 
"the  Yoke — "   Vide.  Alarming  Progress  of  Frerwh  Politics.  Page  24, 

An  attack  on  the  transference  of  the  tobacco  duties  from  customs  to 
excise,  see  No.  7545,  &c.  The  attempt  to  revive  the  clamour  of  1733 
failed.  For  the  contrast  between  English  'slavery'  and  French  liberty  cf. 
Nos.  7546,  8145.  Pitt  and  Thurlow  were  known  (since  the  Regency  crisis, 
cf.  No.  7377)  to  be  on  strained  terms. 
7fXi3fin. 

7635  SEDITION  AND  ATHEISM  DEFEATED. 

This  Print  is  Humbly  dedicated  to  the  Church  of  England  &  to  the  great 
Body  of  zoorthy  Dissenters  who  refused  to  join  a  few  ambitiouSy  sedi- 
tious y  &  atheistical  Ministers  in  their  Attempts  to  subvert  the  Con- 
stitution  and  establish  Infidelity.  By  their  Humble  Servant  S.  W. 
Fores. 

Pu¥  March  18.  lygo  by  S.  W.  Fores  iV"  3  Piccadilly  London;  Where 
may  be  seen  the  Compleatest  Collection  of  Comick  &  Satirical  Prints 
in  the  Kingdom — Admittance  One  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  design  in  two  strips, 
one  headed  the  intention,  the  other  (below),  the  fact.  Each  strip  is 
divided  into  three  compartments  of  unequal  width. 

[i]  Two  councils  sit,  each  round  a  circular  table.  On  the  1.  is  An  Infernal 
Council.  The  Devil,  irradiated,  presides  at  a  meeting  of  six  demons.  He 
says  Such  is  the  Plan  Now  choose  your  Parts.  The  three  on  his  r.  hand  say 

(r.  to  1.) :  Blasphemy  Atheism  &  P st y  [Priestley]  are  mine.  I  will 

assist  B — r — g — n  [  ?  Barrington]  F zh 1  [Fitzherbert]  &  the  Catho- 

licks  in  their  Bigotry  &  Ambition.   And  I  Pr e  [Price]  &  such  as  are 

full  of  Disaffection  &  Treason.   The  three  on  the  Devil's  1.  say  (r.  to  1.) : 

668 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

/  will  patronize  L — ns—y  [Lindsey]  Speciousness  Low  Cunning.  &c.  I  mil 

help  K p s  [Kippis]  &c.  to  furnish  the  press  with  suitable  Trash. 

And  I  will  be  at  hand  to  assist  whenever  I  am  Wanted. 

The  other  conclave  is  A  Nocturnal  Council.  A  monk  and  six  ministers 
sit  round  a  table.  A  minister  resembling  Price  says,  A  Republick  is  the  best 
Form  of  Government.  On  his  1.  is  the  monk,  who  says,  All  religious  Estab- 
lishment is  absurd y  {aside)  except  Popery.  On  Price's  r.,  and  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  is  Priestley,  saying.  And  thus  we  will  lay  Gun  Powder  Grain  by  Grain 
till  we  blow  up  the  Constitution.  Lindsey,  on  the  extreme  r.,  says.  We  must 
become  Bad  Citizens  before  they  will  grant  us  the  Privileges  of  good  Ones. 
The  other  three,  who  are  in  back  view,  say  respectively :  We  must  propose 
a  Test  to  the  Candidates',  Meanwhile  we  must  send  a  Deputation  to  other 
Ministers ;  and  We  must  promise  Fox  our  Support  at  the  next  general  Election. 

Priestley  wrote  that  he  was  assisted  by  friends  of  the  hierarchy  in  the 
'disposition  of  grains  of  gunpowder'  which  would  certainly  blow  it  up. 
Letters  to  the  Rev.  Edward  Burn.  This  was  quoted  by  Burke  in  the  debate. 
Pari.  Hist.,  xxviii.  438.  (Cf.  No.  7632,  &c.)  But  it  appears  that  he  quoted 
from  a  printed  extract  circulated  with  misleading  omissions.  See  An 
Arranged  Catalogue  of  the  several  Publications  .  .  .  1790,  p.  30  n.  (B.M.L. 
126,  i.  g.).  The  dissenters  had  agreed  to  resolutions  declaring  that  at  the 
(pending)  general  election  they  would  support  only  men  'Well  affected  to 
the  cause  of  civil  and  religious  liberty'.  This  Pitt  denounced  as  the  imposi- 
tion of  a  test.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxviii.  408-9;  see  also  p.  444.   See  No.  7630. 

[2]  The  next  design  is  The  Deputation  Rejected.  A  man  (1.),  hat  in  hand, 
approaches  four  ministers  wearing  bands  and  three-cornered  hats,  who 
turn  away  from  him;  their  spokesman  says :  We  plainly  perceive  that  Popery 
and  Infidelity  will  be  the  Result  of  your  Measures — therefore — we  will  not 
join  you.  They  are  probably  Methodists. 

[3]  The  third  design  is  A  Future  K g  &  Q n  at  their  Devotion. 

A  king  and  queen  wearing  crowns  and  royal  robes  kneel  at  a  console  table 
supported  by  a  harpy,  which  serves  as  altar  (r.).  On  it  is  a  crucifix,  above 
it  hangs  a  H.L.  portrait  of  a  Pope.  Burke  in  monastic  robes  (cf.  No.  6026) 
enters  through  a  door  (1.),  saying,  Lord  now  lettest  thou  thy  Servant  depart 
in  peace  .  .  for  mine  Eyes  have  seen  thy  Salvation. 

The  king  and  queen  do  not  appear  to  be  portraits  (though  probably 
intended  for  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitzherbert).  Burke,  who  had 
absented  himself  from  the  House  during  the  debates  on  repeal  of  1787  and 
1788,  voted  against  the  motion. 

[4]  In  the  lower  strip  the  first  design  is  The  Mortifying  Report.  Fox  (1.) 
holds  out  to  four  men  standing  behind  a  circular  table  a  large  placard 
inscribed :  For  the  Repeal  105  Against  It  2g4  Majority  18 g  (they  are  the 
chief  members  of  the  'Nocturnal  Council'  above):  the  monk  says  It  is  our 
determination  never  to  Rest  until  we  enjoy  Civil  and  Military  Power.  Stan- 
hope says  /  am  now  resolved  to  try  it  in  our  House.  Price,  raising  his  fist, 
says,  Nothing  will  be  done  for  us  'till  some  great  Calamity  again  Alarm  our 
fears y  or  some  great  abuse  of  Power  provoke  our  Resentment.  Priestley  says : 

The  Conversion  of  S — / — s  D n  to  Atheism  was  but  an  Introduction  to 

what  I  intended  to  do  on  y^  Repeal.  For  Silas  Deane  see  Nos.  6288,  6303. 
He  died  suddenly,  23  Sept.  1789,  'having  ruined  himself  and  family,  and 
deranged  France  and  America  with  the  charming  words,  Liberty ,  Constitu- 
tion and  Rights'.   Gent.  Mag.  1789,  p.  867. 

[5]  The  Death  bed  Avowal  of  S — / — s  D e.*   A  man  lies  in  a  large 

four-post  bed;  a  parson  wearing  a  surplice  stands  behind  it,  his  hands 

669 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

raised  in  horror,  saying,  No  God!  who  taught  you  that  Doctrine?    He 

answers  D^  P s y.    *The  Particulars  of  this  awful  &  ifiteresting 

Conversion  to  Atheism  may  be  seen  in  a  Pamphlet  entitled  Theodosius,  &  sold 
with  or  without  the  Print  (marginal  note).  Deane  died  on  board  the  Boston 
packet  in  the  Downs,  having  intended  to  visit  Canada.  In  Theodosius  is 
related  a  supposed  conversation  and  dying  confession  of  Silas  Deane.  This 
was  quoted  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  1790,  p.  383  (May)  with  a  contradiction  by 
Priestley,  ibid.,  pp.  384,  385,  who  stated  that  he  had  never  had  any  con- 
versation on  religion  with  Deane.  For  Priestley  and  death  cf.  Nos.  5644, 
7892. 

[6]  The  last  scene  is  FINIS.  A  swarm  of  flying  demons  with  webbed 
wings  drag,  by  threads  attached  to  their  noses,  the  seven  members  of  the 
'Nocturnal  Council'  towards  the  flames  of  Hell  (r.).  One  says  to  Price, 
the  foremost.  Come  along  most  learned  Doctor  I  have  always  led  you  by  the 

Nose — so  dont  mind  it  now.  Another  says,  I  fear  they  will  set  H /  in  an 

Uproar.  Three  others  say  respectively :  How  the  Dogs  Quarrel^  they'll  get 
to  fighting  soon;  Here  comes  the  precious  Sety  &  a  fine  parcel  of  Divinity  it  is; 
and  They  are  such  seditious  Rascals j  they  zvill  strive  to  overturn  Our  Govern- 
ment. On  the  extreme  1.  a  seventh  demon  kicks  the  rearmost  (Priestley), 
saying.  Get  along  Joey  'tis  too  late  to  recant  Now  besides  we  love  you  too  well 

to  part  with  you.    Priestley  says  O!  S s  D n!  [Silas  Deane]  Oh 

Mercy!  Pardon!  I  recant  I  recant.  The  next  two  turn  round  furiously 
towards  Priestley,  saying.  Dog!  Fll  ease  my  Tortures  by  tormenting  You^ 
and,  Blasphemous  Villain!  Your  Curs'd  Sophistry  brought  me  here.  The  next 

two  say  Oh  Conscience!  Horror! — Miserable  Wretch!  and  Oh  H /.' 

H /.'  hide  me  from  myself.   The  monk  says  to  Price,  who  is  the  leader 

of  the  group.  Curse  your  Republican  Cant— you  have  ruined  the  Cause. 
Price  answers.  No — tis  admitting  y'  Whore  of  Babilon  into  y  Confediracy 
have  undone  us. 

The  small  majority  by  which  Beaufoy's  motion  for  repeal  was  defeated 
in  1789  encouraged  the  dissenters  to  an  extensive  propaganda,  combined 
with  the  canvass  of  individual  M.P.s,  expected  to  be  eflfective  on  the  eve 
of  a  general  election.  Delegates  from  the  different  Congregations  of 
Dissenters  met  at  Devizes  on  14  Sept.  1789.  Their  cause  was  entrusted 
to  Fox,  and  they  decided  to  join  forces  with  the  Catholics.  The  topic  of 
*  Repeal'  had  for  the  time  being  largely  supplanted  that  of  *  Abolition' 
(cf.  No.  7301)  in  the  press  and  in  pamphlets.  Fox's  motion  was  rejected 
by  294  to  105  on  2  March.  Ann.  Reg.,  1790,  pp.  72-7;  Gent.  Mag.,  1789, 
p.  1022.  The  six  dissenters,  besides  Price,  Priestley,  Lindsey,  and  Kippis, 
probably  include  Rees.  See  No.  7628,  &c. 
i3i6X23iin. 

7636  A  WORD  OF  COMFORT. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  March  22^  1790 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Dr.  Priestley  preaches  from  a  tub 
inscribed  Fanaticism.  He  leans  forward  in  profile  to  the  r.  addressing  the 
occupants  of  two  pews  who  face  him.  They  are  closely  packed,  and  the 
end  panels  are  inscribed  (1.)  Reynard  and  Associates  and  (r.)  Mother  Windsor 
and  Cyprian  Corps.  Fox,  larger  than  the  others,  holds  the  edge  of  the  pew; 

670 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

he  looks  up  at  Priestley,  saying,  Pray  Doctor  is  there  such  a  thing  as  a  Devil. 
On  his  1.  and  r.,  both  gazing  at  the  preacher,  are  Sheridan  and  ( ?)  Windham. 
Behind  Fox,  turning  his  back  on  the  preacher  to  gaze  at  three  courtesans 
in  the  next  pew,  is  Townshend,  M.P.  for  Westminster  (cf.  No.  7346,  &c.). 
Beside  the  three  women  is  the  fat  'Mother  Windsor*,  with  damaged  nose 
and  patched  face,  grinning  up  at  Priestley.  At  right  angles  to  these  pews 
is  that  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  ornamented  with  his  feathers,  in  which 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  the  Prince  are  seated. 

Priestley  answers  Fox's  question  with  NO.  Behind  his  barrel,  and  on  the 
extreme  1.,  crouches  the  Devil  emerging  from  flames,  his  pitchfork  applied 
to  a  large  bunghole  in  the  tub.  He  says.  If  you  had  Eyes  behind^  you^d  know 
better  my  dear  Doctor.  The  tub  stands  on  four  large  volumes  of  Priestly* 5 
Works.  Under  these  lies  a  broken  crucifix. 

A  satire  on  the  rejection  of  Fox's  motion  for  the  repeal  of  the  Test  and 
Corporation  Acts,  see  No.  7628,  &c. 
7iixio|in. 

7637  [A  DISSENTING  CONGREGATION]  \c.  March  1790] 

Stipple.  No  title  or  imprint.  The  interior  of  a  small  dilapidated  room; 
a  preacher  stands  in  a  ramshackle  tub  declaiming  with  outstretched  arms ; 
he  faces  a  congregation  of  artisans,  &c.,  who  listen  with  sour  and  intent 
expressions.  From  his  pocket  protrudes  a  ballad:  Black  Joke  (cf.  No. 
7673).  His  tub  is  inscribed  Remember  The  Clergy  \  on  the  ground  beside 
it  is  a  mutilated  book  of  Common  Prayer.  On  the  wall  is  a  bill :  Next  Sabeth 
Day  we  shall  hav  a  Love  Feest  it  is  hopd  every  Lamb  will  atend  NB  a  Cullecc- 
sion  as  usealfor  the  Pastor.  In  the  casement  window  is  a  placard  (reversed) : 
Mangling  done  here.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  a  small  dog  befouls  a  paper 
inscribed  Repeal  of  Corporat[iofi]  &  Test  Act.  On  the  extreme  (r.)  sits  a 
quack  doctor;  a  handbill  protruding  from  his  pocket  is  inscribed  Doctor 
Henry  a  ever  failing  remedy,  on  the  ground  beside  him  is  a  pill-box  with 
scattered  pills.  From  the  pocket  of  a  demure-looking  woman  seated  next 
him  issues  a  bottle,  implying  that  she  takes  drams. 

One  of  many  attacks  on  the  dissenters  in  connexion  with  the  proposal 
to  repeal  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts,  see  No.  7628,  &c. ;  they  are 
usually  represented  as  seditious,  here  they  are  ridiculed  as  illiterate  un- 
desirables. 
7jXioiin. 

7638  ELECTION  COMPROMISE  OR  A  CORNISH  HUG  IN  WEST- 
MINSTER, 

[Dent.] 

Designedy  Sketched  and  to  be  completely  Executed  by  Humbugs.  Pu¥  by 
W  Dent  March  jo**  1790 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  anticipation  of  the  Westminster 
Election:  Fox  (1.),  very  stout,  and  Hood  (r.),  very  lean  and  tall,  hug  each 
other,  each  holding  the  other  round  the  waist ;  Fox  says,  My  dear,  dear 
Lord!!! ;  Hood,  who  wears  naval  uniform,  says.  Oh,  my  Sweet  Sir!!!  Both 
trample  on  a  torn  paper  inscribed  Freedom  of  Election  Rights  of  Electors. 
Sheridan  (1.)  watches  them  intently,  holding  his  hat  in  both  hands ;  he  says, 

671 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

There^s  Situation — there* s  Characters — match  them  who  can — there* s  stage 
effect — see  how  forcibly  their  Friendship  appears  after  violent  abuse — contrast 
has  a  happy  Effect — egad^  it  will  command  notice  on  the  day  of  public  per- 
formance— as  I  am  a  Whig,  and  a  Poet,  and  a  long  Speech  maker  and  all  that 
egad — .  Under  his  arm  is  a  paper  inscribed  Election  Coalition  a  Political 
Rehearsal  by  the  Modern  Bayes.  He  wears  a  large  curled  wig  and  old- 
fashioned  coat,  indicating  that  he  is  Bayes  in  Buckingham's  Rehearsal. 
Behind  him  (1.)  stands  Hall  the  apothecary  in  profile  to  the  r.,  pounding  in 
a  mortar  inscribed  Compound  of  Fox  dung  and  Sea  Weeds  to  prevent  Dis- 
orders. The  mortar  stands  on  a  cube-shaped  box,  one  face  of  which  is 
inscribed  Wig  Club  with  two  crossed  pens,  the  other  (with  a  slot  for 
money)  Pray  Remember  the  Poor.  This  scene  is  flanked  in  the  foreground 
by  the  corners  of  two  buildings  symbolizing  Carlton  House  (1.)  and  the 
Treasury  (r.).  On  the  1.  a  padlocked  door  is  decorated  with  the  Prince  of 
Wales's  feathers;  the  Prince  looks  down  from  a  window  inscribed  Bare  as 
a  Board.  From  the  wall  four  signs  project  on  posts.  From  the  uppermost, 
inscribed  Patriotic  Purse,  hangs  a  torn  purse  inscribed  M  T  (empty).  From 
the  next,  inscribed  First  Coalition — To  get  in  Office,  hangs  a  banner  on 
which  are  Fox  and  North  seated  side  by  side.  Fox  looking  insinuatingly 
at  North  (see  No.  6179,  &c.).  Below  this  is  the  Second  Coalition — Prepar- 
ing for  Dissolution,  with  a  banner  inscribed  Dissenting  Interest  on  which 
Fox,  holding  a  book  inscribed  New  Faith,  and  a  dissenter  resembling 
Priestley,  holding  a  book  inscribed  Hypocrisy,  embrace  each  other.  The 
lowest  beam  is  inscribed  Third  Coalition — Securing  a  Seat ;  on  the  banner 
hanging  from  it  is  a  fox  on  its  hind-legs  clasping  an  anchor  (a  parody  of 
Pitt's  crest,  with  a  fox  in  place  of  a  stork).  On  the  r.,  from  a  window  above 
the  padlocked  door  inscribed  Treasur[y],  looks  Pitt,  supporting  his  head  on 
his  hand,  with  the  inscription  Tired  as  a  Dog. 

In  the  background  are  three  groups  of  small  figures  in  front  of  the  fa9ade 
of  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden,  where  the  hustings  was  erected.  Before  it 
is  a  high  gibbet,  inscribed  Next  Coalition,  rising  from  a  bonfire;  from  it 
hangs  a  fox.  A  sailor,  a  butcher,  &c.,  dance  round  the  fire,  the  butcher 
with  a  marrow-bone  and  cleaver.  They  shout  No  Smuggling  of  Seats  and 
No  Turncoat.  Townshend,  saying  /'//  canvass  the  ladies  for  a  Place  (cf. 
No.  7346,  &c.),  and  Hanger,  a  huge  bludgeon  under  his  arm  (cf.  No.  6924), 
turn  their  backs  on  this  scene  and  walk  off  to  the  1.  On  the  1.  three  men 
wearing  ducal  coronets  stand  in  conclave,  saying.  We  cant  afford  it ;  they 
are  Portland  (1.),  Norfolk  (r),  and  Devonshire  (in  back  view).  On  the  r.  is 
a  crowd  of  electors,  saying.  We  Independent  Electors  are  not  to  be  Sold  in 
this  manner — Indeed  Master  Charley  you  are  selling  the  Skin  before  you  have 
caught  the  Bear.    Below  the  title  is  etched : 

An  entirely  new  Scene,  got  up  at  a  trifling  expence,  now  in  private  Rehearsal, 
and  about  to  be  produced  on  the  Covent  Garden  Boards  by  the  incomparable 
prime  Manager  of  the  Old  House  [Drury  Lane],  in  the  Character  of  Bayes 
[in  Buckingham's  Rehearsal].  Addressed  (zoithout permission)  to  the  Electors 
of  Westminster. 

Says  Sherry  to  Charley,  her  Grace  is  gone  far  away, 

And  his  poor  H ss  unable  the  Piper  to  pay; 

Then  says  Charley  to  Sain,  tho*  I  *ave  oft  calVdyou  a  Scrubs 

If  you  please,  our  Interest  we*  II  together  now  Club; 

Says  Sam,  to  refuse  I  should  act  very  silly 

Since  I  *ave  tired  my  Friends,  even  rich  Master  Billy; 

So  they  give  the  close-hug  and  seem  vastly  civil, 

672 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Tho'  each  other  they  heartily  wish  at  the  Devil; 
Thus  theyy  who  did  each  other  so  freely  abusCy 
By  Coalition  mean  themselves  as  freely  to  chuse^ 
Unless  the  Elector Sy  to  whom  they  We  so  o'er  civile 
For  Men  independent  should  pack  ^em  both  to  the  Devil. 

A  satire  which  shows  that  the  agreement  on  the  Westminster  Election 
made  on  15  March  1790  for  the  forthcoming  general  election  between 
Lord  Lauderdale  and  Pitt  in  the  presence  of  Dundas  quickly  became 
known.  It  was  agreed  that  each  party  should  support  one  candidate  only 
at  the  next  election  and  during  the  next  parliament,  so  long  as  either  Port- 
land or  Fox  on  one  part  and  Pitt  or  Grenville  on  the  other  were  alive, 
Stanhope,  Life  ofPitty  i.  361.  On  30  March  Fox  announced  to  the  electors 
of  Westminster  that  both  sides  had  agreed  to  support  one  candidate  only, 
but  disavowed  all  collusion  with  Hood.  Lord  John  Townshend  declared 
his  approbation,  and  spoke  of  the  nearly  'ruinous  consequences'  of  the  last 
election  to  his  noble  supporters.  London  ChroniclCy  1  April.  The  expenses 
of  the  by-election  in  1788  had  been  enormous,  see  No.  7339  and  Auckland 
Correspondence y  ii.  223,  and  such  agreements  were  a  common  consequence 
of  excessive  election  expenditure ;  they  are  denounced  by  Oldfield  as  coali- 
tions; History  of  Boroughs  y  1792,  passim.  Cf.  Laprade,  *  William  Pitt  and 
Westminster  Elections',  American  Historical  RevieWy  xviii.  273-4.  For  Fox 
and  Priestley  see  No.  7628,  &c.  Home  Tooke  came  forward  as  an  inde- 
pendent candidate,  his  election  address  being  on  lines  similar  to  the  thesis 
of  this  print.  Stephens,  Memoirs  of  Home  Tooke  y  1813,  ii.  83  ff.  Parliament 
was  prorogued  on  10  June  and  afterwards  dissolved.  Press  cuttings  relating 
to  the  election  are  in  B.M.  Add.  MSS.  27,837,  ff.  36-45.  See  also  Nos. 
7641,  7642,  7652,  7654,  7655,  7658,  7659,  7682,  7691. 
9Xi4|in. 

7639  NOAH'S  ARK  IMPROVED,  OR  AN  ATTEMPT  TO  LAND 
IN  THE  TEETH  OF  THE  WIND. 

London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Streety  April  j  lygo. 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints.  Admif^^  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  stands  in  the  bows  of  a  small 
boat  which  is  attempting  to  land  on  the  sea-shore  at  a  point  where  there 
is  a  notice  board :  No  Landing  Place  Here.  Two  fat  bishops  (r.)  stand  on 
the  shore  blowing  violent  blasts  towards  the  boat,  making  the  breakers  roll 
backwards  from  the  shore;  one  wears  a  mortar-board  cap,  the  other  a 
mitre.  The  boat  flies  a  large  flag  inscribed  Revolution  Cutter.  Its  occupant, 
Lord  Stanhope,  who  is  in  profile  to  the  r.,  stretches  out  a  stick  towards 
the  bishops,  clenching  his  1.  fist ;  from  his  pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed 
fifteen  Ways  to  Plague  a  Parson.  Behind  him  (1.)  in  the  boat  are  three 
sacks,  inscribed  respectively.  Shot  N°  i.  Tithes  in  Kind;  Shot  N'^  2.  Penal 
Laws.  How  to  discover  a  Witch.  No  Evil  Spirits  to  be  fed  zvith  Animal  Food; 
and  Shot  N^  3.  No  Person  to  cut  off  the  ears  of  his  Majesty's  Subjects  No 
Person  to  cast  out  Devils  without  a  Licence. 

The  print  illustrates  the  comprehensive  Toleration  Bill  which  Stanhope 
introduced  on  18  May  1789,  *to  reheve  members  of  the  Church  of  England 
from  sundry  Penalties  and  Disabilities'.  See  G.  Stanhope  and  G.  P. 
Gooch,  Life  of  Charles  Third  Earl  Stanhope y  1914,  pp.  82  fl".   Pari.  Hist. 

673  XX 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

xxviii.  102  ff.,  13 1-3,  214-18.  For  Stanhope  and  bishops  cf.  No.  7539,  &c. ; 
and  the  Repeal  of  the  Test  Act,  No.  7629 ;  and  the  Revolution  Society  and 
the  French  Revolution,  No.  7889,  &c. 
Six  12^1  in. 

7640  JOHN-BULL,  BAITED  BY  THE  DOGS  OF  EXCISE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  9'*  1790,  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  bull,  chained,  muzzled,  and  blind- 
folded, his  horns  tipped,  but  snorting  fire,  is  baited  by  dogs  urged  on  by 
Pitt  who  runs  forward  (r.),  holding  heavy  chains  labelled  New  Excise  Fetters 
for  John  Bull.  Pitt  points  at  the  bull,  shouting.  At  him!  at  him!  Tally-ho^ 
hOy  ho.  From  his  pocket  hangs  a  paper  inscribed  New  Excises  intended  upon 
Cyder,  Flour y  HardwarCy  LinnenSy  WoolenSy  Coalsy  Butchers  Bakers  Cheese- 
mo[ngers]  Fishy  Water.  Pitt  and  his  dogs  are  hurrying  from  the  Treasury, 
over  the  gate  of  which  the  word  Treasury  has  been  scored  through  by 
Rose,  who  stands  on  a  ladder  on  the  extreme  r.,  painting  the  word  Excise- 
Office  in  large  letters.  A  rose  takes  the  place  of  his  head ;  in  his  1.  hand  is 
his  paint-pot  inscribed  Kings'  Yellow.  The  bull's  legs  are  chained  to  a  post 
inscribed  Excise ;  he  is  snorting  Liberty!  Liberty!  and  no  Excise!  Huzza! 
The  dogs  have  human  heads  and  inscribed  collars.  The  two  foremost  are 
Billy  Grenv[ille]y  with  a  pen  behind  his  ear,  and  Dundas.  The  Duke  of 
Richmond  {Ordnance)  is  on  the  bull's  back,  biting  his  ear.  Behind  are 
Jenky  (Lord  Hawkesbury),  Sir  Pepper  (Arden),  Sydney y  Cam  (Camden), 
and  a  dog  perhaps  intended  for  Carmarthen.  In  the  foreground,  lying  on 
a  heap  of  Tobacco  which  has  fallen  from  a  cask  so  inscribed  (which  he 
befouls),  is  Thurlow,  a  dog  with  the  head  and  wig  of  Thurlow,  his  collar 
inscribed  Snap  Dragony  fiercely  gnawing  a  large  bone  inscribed  Opposition 
at  one  end  and  Ministry  at  the  other,  wliile  he  glares  up  at  Pitt. 

An  illustration  of  Sheridan's  violent  attack,  on  8  March,  on  the  Tobacco 
Excise  Bill,  a  renewal  of  the  attempt  to  revive  the  clamour  of  1733  against 
the  transference  of  the  duties  on  tobacco  and  snuff  from  Customs  to  Excise, 
see  No.  7545,  &c.  See.  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  479  ff.  and  Moore,  Life  of 
Sheridany  pp.  459-61.  For  Thurlow's  intrigues  with  the  Opposition  see 
No.  7377.  His  dislike  of  Pitt  was  notorious. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  117.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  44. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 
9|Xi6in. 

7641  THE  MAN  OF  THE  POEPLE  ATTEMPTING  ANOTHER 
COALITION  TO  CREEP  IN  FOR  WESTMINSTER. 

THE  MODERN  JUDAS.  ADDRESSED  TO  THE  FREE  ELECTORS 
OF  WESTMINSTER. 

Pu¥  April  12.  lygo  by  S.  W.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly y  London;  at  whose 
Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  Compleatest  Collection  of  Comick 
and  Satirical  Prints  in  Europe.  Admittance  One  shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox,  with  two  heads,  stands  between 
Lord  Hood  (1.)  and  Lord  John  Townshend  (r.).  He  holds  the  skirt  of 
Hood's  coat,  and  puts  his  1.  arm  on  Townshend's  shoulder,  kicking  him. 

674 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Hood,  Standing  stiffly  in  naval  uniform,  says  to  Fox,  /  disclaim  any  Con- 
nection zvith  You  J  And  dispiseyour  Insidious  Artifices— false  Insinuations  ^  and 
Lying  Assertions.  The  head  of  Fox  which  is  turned  to  the  1.  answers :  Stop 
my  D^  Lord — You  shall  be  my  Colleague  Now — I'll  let  you  in  if  you  Wont 
set  up  another  to  Oppose  Me.  Townshend,  turning  his  head  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  says.  Surely  You  wont  turn  your  back  on  Me.  Pray  Charles  bring  Me 
in  with  You.  Fox  answers,  /  can't  by  G — d  Jack  the  Expence  is  too  much 
for  two — &  ril  take  care  of  Number  One — so  get  along.  Beneath  these  three 
figures  is  etched:  ''When  a  Scandalous  Story  is  believed  against  One,  there 
is  no  Comfort  like  the  Consciousness  of  having  deserved  it."  Vide  Scoolfor 
Scandal. 

In  the  background  (1.)  is  a  flight  of  steps  inscribed  The  Voice  of  the  Electors 
leading  to  a  doorway  inscribed  St.  Stephens.  Hood  has  reached  the  top  of 
the  steps;  from  his  pocket  projects  a  paper  inscribed  No  Coalition  to 
deprive  the  Elec[t]ors  of  their  Franchise.  Fox,  attempting  to  ascend,  falls 
forward  at  the  lowest  step,  which  has  broken  under  his  foot.  From  his 
pocket  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  How  to  Elect  Oneself.  On  the  r.  is  a 
group  of  bludgeon-men  with  clubs,  one  of  whom  says  Alass — No  more  5* 

a  Day  for  us — Bedford  Wont  &  P tl n  &  D vn er  can't — 

so  we  may  go  howl. 

For  the  arrangement  by  which  each  party  agreed  to  support  one  candi- 
date only  for  Westminster  see  No.  7638,  &c. 
8|Xi3in. 

7642  HELL  IN  AN  UPROAR:  OR  AN  EXPRESS  FROM  THE 
COMMITTEE. 

Isaac  Delin  Jacobs  Fecit.  [I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  April!  20^^  by  W  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly  Where  may  be  seen 
the  completest  collection  of  Caricatures  in  the  Kingdom  Admittance 
one  shilling.  [1790] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Dead  politicians  among  the  smoke, 
flames  and  demons  of  Hell  receive  news  of  the  arrangement  for  the  West- 
minster Election.  The  central  group  consists  of  Sam  House  (r.),  a  monster 
composed  of  implements  of  gaming  (1.),  and  Admiral  Keppel  (c).  House's 
body  is  composed  of  a  cask  from  whose  tap  liquid  gushes.  In  his  hand 
is  a  tankard  inscribed  Sam  House ,  whose  contents  he  flings  out;  among 
the  stream  of  liquid  are  minute  demons ;  he  holds  a  viper-like  creature  in 

his  1.  hand.   He  says,  with  a  puzzled  frown.  It's  a  D d  lie — if  it  was 

Possible  he  should  do  that  Id  go  back  again  and  raise  a  Regiment  against  him. 
On  Keppel's  head  is  a  man-of-war  inscribed  Lee  Shore,  an  allusion  to  the 
battle  of  Ushant,  see  No.  5992,  &c.  The  monster,  who  faces  Keppel,  has 
the  head  of  a  die ;  his  body  is  covered  with  four  roulette  boards  from  EO 
tables  and  with  dice-boxes.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  billiard  cue,  and  his  arm 
is  composed  of  playing-cards  with  a  billiard-ball  for  elbow-joint.  He  has 
the  legs  and  tail  of  a  demon.  On  the  1.  is  Dunning  (Lord  Ashburton) 
seated  among  flames ;  behind  him  is  an  escutcheon  (a  parody  of  Ashbur- 
ton's)  with  a  demon  rampant,  the  supporters  are  monsters  belching  flames; 
it  is  surmounted  by  a  baron's  coronet;  the  motto  is  Studiis  et  rebus  .  .  . 
[honestis]y  serpents  are  twisted  round  his  arms.  He  says,  /  zvish  they  would 
bring  an  action  for  ingratitude  I'll  plead  for  them  gratis  worse  than  a  Counsellor 
by  G — d.    Next  him  (r.)  is  Lord  Holland  with  a  fox's  head  and  wig  as 

675 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

depicted  in  caricature  by  Townshend  and  others.  He  is  inscribed  Millions 
unaccounted  for  (an  allusion  to  the  City  Remonstrance  in  which  he  was 
styled  the  Tublic  defaulter  of  unaccounted  millions',  see  No.  4299,  &c.). 
He  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  saying,  Oh  I  shall  soon  Embrace  the 
Dear  Dark  Rogue  [his  son  Charles].  On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  plainly  dressed 

man  wearing  an  apron ;  in  his  1.  hand  is  his  hat  inscribed  D Ja bs 

(reversed).  He  holds  up  a  paper  inscribed :  Charles  Fox  Joined  Lord  Hood 
to  Sneak  in  to  Westminster  &  then  told  his  Patriotic  Supporters  they  had  no 

money.  He  says.  Yes  by  Jacob  and  that  moment  I  went  home  burnt  his  D nd 

Picture  Cut  up  the  Blue  &  buff  Curtains  for  Childrens  pilches  and  gave  the 
maid  my  Buff  waistcoat  {which  I  bought  of  Foxs  servant),  to  make  Dishclouts. 
He  is  evidently  one  Jacobs  and  one  of  Fox's  humbler  (and  disgruntled) 
supporters  in  Westminster.  From  among  the  flames  looks  up  a  melan- 
choly profile  with  lank  hair  and  wearing  bands,  evidently  a  dissenting 
minister,  who  asks,  Any  News  about  the  Test  act.  Among  the  smoke  and 
flames  are  imps  and  monsters ;  among  them  is  a  demon  riding  a  galloping 
horse  with  a  human  profile  who  chases  minute  hares.  A  small  demon 
stands  on  the  edge  of  a  punch-bowl  ladling  out  its  flaming  contents  into 
a  glass.  There  is  also  a  creature  with  the  head,  wings,  and  spurs  of  a  fight- 
ing-cock on  a  human  body. 

For  the  arrangement  to  avoid  a  contest  for  Westminster  see  No.  7638, 
&c.  For  the  Test  Act  see  No.  7628,  &c. 
8|xi5f  in. 

7643  PULPIT  EXTRAVAGANZAS.  [i  May  1790] 

[  ?  After  Woodward.] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine,  1790,  p.  289.  A  design  arranged  in  two 
strips,  one  above  the  other,  of  parsons  in  the  pulpit,  each  with  his  clerk 
sitting  below  him,  and  all  more  or  less  ridiculous.  Each  pulpit  is  isolated, 
and  the  words  spoken  are  etched  above  the  head  of  the  preacher.  The  print 
is  described  in  an  article:  *  The  Pulpit  Extravaganzas;  or.  Furious  Fanatics'. 

[i]  The  preacher,  with  arms  outstretched,  has  in  his  frenzy  hurled  his 

book  and  cushion  on  to  the  head  of  the  clerk.  He  says,  You' II all  be  d n^d 

beyond  redemption  that*s  comfort  for  you. 

[2]  A  sober,  sour-looking  preacher,  standing  primly  full  face,  says:  / 
would  have  ye  all  my  dear  Brethern  follow  the  steps  of  your  Pastors  and  set 
your  hearts  on  things  above! 

[3]  A  lean  parson,  his  hand  on  his  breast,  says,  Tis  as  gentle  as  the  lullaby 
of  an  Infant.  His  clerk  sleeps  with  head  thrown  back  and  gaping  mouth. 

[4]  A  very  fat  parson  says,  /  would  never  be  tired  of  this  subject  (the 
miracle  of  Cana). 

[5]  An  ugly  preacher  turns  to  the  r.,  showing  a  grotesque  profile;  he 
says.  What  a  heavenly  countenance!  His  clerk  takes  snufl^. 

[6]  A  frenzied  preacher  clenches  his  fists  as  if  to  thump  his  cushion,  his 
wig  falls  off;  he  says,  /  had  it  all  by  Inspiration.  His  clerk  sleeps. 

[7]  A  stout  elderly  parson  says,  to  the  manifest  delight  of  his  clerk, 
I  shall  now  draw  to  a  conclusion. 

[8]  A  stout  and  orthodox  parson,  with  outstretched  arms,  says.  Fly  from 
those  baleful  schools  of  Fanatacism  that  spring  up  like  Mushrooms  in  every 
quarter  of  this  City.   The  clerk  looks  ostentatiously  at  his  watch. 

[9]  A  dissenting  preacher,  holding  out  a  handkerchief,  exclaims  admon- 

676 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

ishingly,  Take  care  of  the  Steeple  Houses  my  dear  Brethren.  His  clerk  rests 
his  chin  on  his  hands. 

[10]  A  parson  who  does  not  wear  a  wig  raises  his  fist  to  shout  Who  dare 
deny  it. 

[i  i]  A  frantic  preacher  with  both  arms  extended  screams  Shut  your  hearts 
against  the  phrenzy  of  Religion. 

[12]  The  last  parson,  who  is  very  ugly,  leans  forward,  one  arm  out- 
stretched, to  say.  Come  to  me  all  ye  that  are  heavy  laden. 

Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

For  modes  of  Faith  let  graceless  Zealots  Fight 
His  cant  be  wrong  whose  Life  is  in  the  right. 

A  satire  on  the  clergy  arising  out  of  the  controversy  on  the  recently 
defeated  proposal  for  the  repeal  of  the  Test  and  Corporation  Acts,  see 
No.  7628,  &c.  All  the  preachers  appear  to  be  ^graceless  zealots*. 

Probably  a  copy  of  a  print  published  by  Holland,  advertised  in  No. 
7685.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7Xi7jin. 

7644  A  DEMOSTHENEAN  ATTITUDE. 
Annihal  Scratch  Fecit 

Publish' d  as  the  Act  directs y  by  Bentley  &  C<>  May  r*  1790. 
Attic  Miscellany.  Original  Portraiture  N°  i. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany y  i.  285.  A  H.L.  portrait  of  Fox, 
looking  to  the  1.,  in  his  accustomed  attitude  when  speaking:  legs  bent,  hat 
in  his  r.  hand  with  his  r.  arm  raised  as  if  to  make  a  downward  thrust.  His 
hair  is  unkempt,  his  stockings  ungartered,  his  shoes  unlatched,  and  he  holds 
the  end  of  his  shirt  which  escapes  from  under  his  waistcoat. 

The  accompanying  text  satirizes  Fox  for  his  unkempt  uncleanly  appear- 
ance, and  describes  his  oratory  as  rapid,  unceasing,  impetuous,  and 
unstudied. 

5fX3f  in. 

7645  CONTEST  BETWEEN  ENGLAND  AND  SPAIN  FOR  THE 
DOMINION  OF  THE  SEAS,  1790. 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  William  Holland^  N""  50,  Oxford  Street^  May  8, 1790. 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints — Admittance^  One  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  pugilistic  contest  between  George  III 
(1.)  and  Charles  IV  of  Spain  (r.),  standing  waist-deep  in  the  sea.  Each 
wears  a  crown,  but  that  of  Charles  falls  from  his  head.  George  III  says, 
Another  thump  in  the  bread  basket  will  do  your  business^  Whiskerando!  Each 
has  a  backer :  behind  George  is  Neptune,  holding  his  trident  and  crowned 
with  sea-weed;  he  extends  his  1.  arm,  saying,  Bravo!  my  Sony  make  him 
feel  the  dominion  of  the  Seas  is  thine  and  shall  be  so  for  ever.  That  of  Spain 
is  the  Pope  wearing  his  robes  and  triple  crown,  and  holding  his  crozier  to 
which  two  keys  are  attached.  Fame  emerges  from  clouds  above  Neptune, 

677 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

blowing  her  trumpet  and  holding  a  laurel  wreath  above  George  Ill's  head. 
The  two  kings  and  Neptune  are  nude. 

The  first  news  of  the  Spanish  attack  on  the  English  trading  station  at 
Nootka  Sound  (Vancouver  I.)  reached  London  on  21  Jan.  1790.  On  the 
EngHsh  demand  for  satisfaction  Spain  claimed  exclusive  sovereignty  over 
the  Pacific  coast  of  North  America;  in  April  both  countries  were  arming, 
and  by  4  May  press-gangs  were  at  work.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival^ 
pp.  562  if.  See  Nos.  7646,  7651,  7653,  7660,  7662,  7666,  7669,  7671,  7672, 
7674,  7674  A,  7677,  and  7687,  &c. 
7i|Xi2f  in. 

7646  THE  ENGLISH  AMBASSADOR  AND  HIS  SUITE  BEFORE 
THE  KING  AT  MADRID,  1790. 

JN  1790  [Nixon.]    [?  H.  ^.  fecit.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W"^  Holland,  N""  50,  Oxford  S^  May  12.  lygo 
In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  humorous  Prints. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  King  of  Spain  sits  on  a  circular 
dais  under  a  canopy,  turning  his  head  away  from  the  English  ambassador 
(1.),  a  stout  John  Bull  wearing  top-boots  behind  whom  stand  four  pugilists. 
Three  Spaniards  with  pikes  stand  on  the  extreme  r.  behind  the  throne,  and 
three  courtiers  stand  in  the  background.  The  King  wears  a  short  tunic 
and  ruff  with  a  feathered  hat;  all  the  Spaniards  have  long  upturned 
moustaches,  all  look  dismayed.  Three  of  the  pugilists  are  inscribed :  Big 
Ben  [Benjamin  Brain],  HumphrieSy  and  Mendoza\  the  fourth  is  Ward. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Great  Sir,  I  am  arrived  from  Albion^ s  Court , 
Who  have  taken  in  Dudgeon  what  you  may  think  Sport; 
So  it  may  for  the  present;  but  we'll  soon  make  it  appear , 
You'll  have  reason  to  laugh  the  wrong  side  of  your  ear! 
Our  Traders  in  Nootka,  by  some  of  your  Curs, 
Were  all  sent  to  Quod  and  robb'd  of  their  Furs 
Your  right  so  to  do  which  you  claim  from  the  Pope 
We  Britons  dont  value  the  end  of  a  rope! 
It's  a  farce  you  may  make  your  weak  Subjects  believe. 
But  our  right's  equal  to  yours  from  Adam  and  Eve. 
Therefore  if  you  don't  make  us  immediate  amends 
No  longer  can  we  look  upon  you  as  Friends 
Should  you  wish  for  a  War  we  have  got  a  new  race 
Of  such  brave  fighting  fellows,  not  the  Devil  dare  face! 
A  sample  I've  brought,  only  four  of  our  men, 
Mendoza,  Dick  Humphries,  Joe  Ward,  and  Big  Ben: 
So  great  is  their  power  each  Lad  with  one  blow. 
Would  knock  down  an  Ox,  or  twelve  Spaniards  lay  low. 
At  home  we  can  raise  twelve  hundred  like  these 
That  would  crush  all  your  Troops  as  easy  as  fleas. 
For  Centuries  past  England's  rul'd  o'er  the  main. 
And  if  it  please  Heavn'n  hope  to  do  so  again. 
Thus  with  Sailors  and  Bruisers  we  your  power  defy, 
Being  determin'd  to  conquer  or  fight  till  we  die! 

678 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

For  the  affair  of  Nootka  Sound  see  No.  7645,  &c.  Alleyne  Fitzherbert 
was  sent  on  a  special  mission  to  Spain  to  make  good  the  EngHsh  claim  to 
'such  establishments  as  they  may  form,  with  the  consent  of  the  natives, 
in  places  unoccupied  by  other  European  nations*.  The  ambassador  of  the 
print  is  evidently  a  symbolical  figure.  The  pugilists  were  *a  new  race*,  the 
fight  between  Humphries  and  Mendoza  having  made  pugilism  fashionable, 
see  No.  7425. 

Rubens,  No.  197. 
9^0X14!  in. 

7646  A  A  copy  with  the  same  title,  except  that  *i790*  is  omitted,  is  in  the 
Hibernian  Magazine  for  Sept.  1790.  B.M.L.  6154  ka. 
9jXi4fin. 

7647  GLAUCUS  AND  SCYLLA  OR  THE  MONSTER  IN  FULL  CRY 
IC  [Cruikshank.] 

Pub  May  18.  17 go.  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Where  may  be  seen 
the  completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  in  the  Kingdom  also  the  head 
&  hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admitt.  V 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  stout  Miss  Jefferies  (r.)  flees  from 
'the  monster*  towards  a  gateway  (r.),  where  Pitt  advances  to  protect  her, 
carrying  a  warming-pan.  He  says  ///  Relieve  her.  She  lifts  her  petticoats 
as  she  runs,  uncovering  her  posteriors  which  George  Hanger  as  the 
Monster,  nude  to  the  waist  and  with  a  tail  and  the  legs  of  a  bird  of  prey, 
threatens  with  a  spike  which  protrudes  from  the  end  of  the  bludgeon  with 
which  he  is  habitually  depicted  (cf.  No.  6924).  He  wears  his  large  cocked 
hat.  He  is  threatened  by  flashes  of  lightning  from  the  upper  r.  corner  of 
the  design.  A  man  on  the  extreme  1.  lies  on  the  ground  holding  the 
monster  by  the  tail  and  calling  out  O  Save  my  Namsake.  A  profile  (a 
portrait)  extends  from  the  1.  margin  of  the  design,  saying.  Well  done  Jeffrey 
hold  him  fast  by  the  tail.  Within  the  gateway  is  pasted  a  bill :  Whereas  an 
attack  was  made  on  a  young  lady  of  this  parish  by  a  Monster.  .  .  . 

For  the  Monster  see  No.  7648,  &c.  For  Miss  Jefferies  see  No.  7163. 
'Jeffrey*  is  perhaps  John  Jeffries,  Esq.,  who  was  one  of  the  Stewards  at  the 
dinner  of  the  Revolution  Society  on  14  July  1791,  see  No.  7890.  A  Mr. 
Jefferies  ( ?  the  same)  signed  the  resolution  of  the  dissenters  to  support 
members  favourable  to  civil  and  religious  liberty  (see  No.  7635).  Pari. 
Hist,  xxviii.  409. 
8ixi3jin. 

7648  SWEARING  TO  THE  CUTTING  MONSTER  OR— A  SCENE 
IN  BOW  STREET. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  2&^  1790.  by  H.  Humphrey.  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  young  woman  stands  upon  a  high 
stool,  her  skirts  raised  to  show  her  posteriors  to  three  men  (H.L.)  behind 
her.  She  bends  forward,  pointing  to  Charles  Fox  who  stands  with  his 
hands  handcuffed  in  a  booth  or  box  behind  a  bar.   Fox  has  an  enormous 

679 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

head  and  an  expression  of  terrified  dismay  at  the  denunciation.  Behind 
him  is  a  man  in  profile  holding  a  constable's  staff.  The  three  men  are 
evidently  Bow  Street  Justices  (Sir  Sampson  Wright,  Addington,  and 
Bond) ;  the  principal  magistrate  (Wright)  wears  a  hat  and  spectacles  and 
is  much  caricatured  (cf.  Nos.  6 1 19-21).  Above  their  heads  are  the  evenly 
balanced  scales  of  Justice.  In  front  of  the  woman  stands  a  clerk  (H.L.) 
meditatively  biting  his  pen. 

There  had  been  many  reports  of  women  having  been  cut  and  slashed 
by  an  elusive  man  known  as  the  Monster,  who  was  arrested  in  June  and 
found  to  be  one  Renwick  Williams.  The  print  probably  relates  to  the 
appearance  of  a  young  woman  at  Bow  Street  on  7  May  to  give  information. 
London  Chronicle,  8  May.   See  Nos.  7647,  7726-33,  and  cf.  No.  7976. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  118.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830.   Reproduced,  C.  E. 
Jensen,  Karikatur- Album y  Copenhagen,  1906,  p.  147. 
9|Xi3|in.  (pi.). 

7649  WHO  KILLS  FIRST  FOR  A  CROWN. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pub  May  2g.  lygo.  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  Where  may  he  seen 

the  completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c.  in  the  Kingdom  also  the 

Head  &  Hand  of  Count  Struenzee.  Admitt^  r 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  two  compartments,  one 
above  the  other,  the  title  between  them.  In  both  a  pack  of  hounds  with 
human  heads  chases  a  crowned  stag;  in  one  the  stag  is  George  III,  in  the 
other  (below)  Louis  XVI. 

[i]  The  stag  (1.)  is  beside  a  signpost  pointing  *To  Windsor',^  Windsor 
Castle  appearing  on  the  extreme  1.  The  huntsman  (r.)  is  the  Prince  of 
Wales  riding  on  the  heels  of  the  last  hound,  his  whip  outstretched.  The 
foremost  hound,  who  has  almost  reached  the  stag  is  Sheridan,  next  is 
( ?)  Lord  Sandwich,  or  perhaps  the  Duke  of  Queensberry,  next  Fox.^  The 
next  pair  are  a  judge  ( ?  Loughborough)  and  Powys.  The  last  two  are 
Burke  and  Lord  Stormont.  Beside  the  Prince,  his  back  to  the  other  dogs, 
and  urinating  as  a  sign  of  contempt,  is  Pitt,  turning  his  head  to  scowl  up 
at  the  Prince. 

[2]  The  names  of  the  hounds  have  been  written  in  a  contemporary  hand 
beneath  the  print.  The  stag  (r.)  has  been  reached  by  the  hounds,  three 
of  whom  are  biting  him.  He  has  passed  a  signpost  A  Versailles.  The  fore- 
most hound  is  *M.  de  Limon';  close  behind  are  *Le  Baron  de  Talleyrand* 
furiously  biting  the  stag's  shoulder,  and  *Le  Comte  de  Vauban';  the  next 
two,  'Le  Comte  de  La  Touche'  and  *le  Marquis  de  Sillery'.  The  last  two 
are  women :  *la  Comtesse  de  Blot'  and  *la  Comtesse  de  Buffon'  who  wears 
feathers  in  her  hair,  and  turns  her  head  to  gaze  at  Orleans,  the  huntsman, 
whose  mistress  she  was.  Orleans  rides  a  clumsy  hack,  blowing  a  horn,  and 
is  dressed  in  the  French  manner,  with  the  boots  and  whip  of  a  French 
postilion  (in  place  of  his  accustomed  English  riding- dress).  His  long 
queue  streams  out  behind  him. 

*  Written  in  ink. 

2  The  head  has  a  feminine  appearance,  and  has  been  identified  by  Grego  as 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  But  black  eyebrows  and  traces  of  'gunpowder  jowl*  indicate 
Fox,  whose  absence  would  be  inexplicable. 

680 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

For  similar  accusations  against  Orleans  see  No.  7668,  &c.  GeofFroy  de 
Limon  was  an  emigre,  adherent  of  the  Comte  de  Provence  (Fomeron, 
Hist,  des  ^migreSy  i.  325-6),  and  seems  out  of  place  among  the  hounds  of 
Orleans.  The  upper  design  is  an  echo  of  the  Regency  crisis,  see  No. 
7377,  &c. 
I2jxi8in. 


7650  THE  GENERAL  ELECTION,  A  NEW  COUNTRY  DANCE. 
FIRST  SETT  [i  June  1790] 

Stipple.  Hibernian  Magazine^  1790,  p.  385.  A  strip  design  (an  imitation 
of  No.  7229)  in  which  nine  couples  dance  a  country  dance,  the  heads  much 
caricatured,  most  of  the  dancers  grin  with  satisfaction;  the  three  last 
couples  appear  to  be  dismayed  or  surprised.  According  to  the  accom- 
panying text :  *though  the  subject  appears  at  first  view  to  be  simply  a  droll 
representation  of  a  country  dance,  yet  like  many  prints  of  the  great 
Hogarth,  several  deep  strokes  of  political  satire,  are  elegantly  masqued 
under  its  present  appearance.* 

The  Irish  parliament  was  dissolved  on  8  April,  the  new  parliament  met 
on  2  July.  See  No.  7657,  a  sequel. 

Apparently  adapted  from  a  plate.  Country  Dance y  after  Nixon,  advertised 
in  No.  7685,  see  No.  7813. 

5f  X2ii  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

765 1  TERROR  TO  THE  DONS  OR  THE  GOVERNOR— INSTRUCT- 
ING HIS  LITTLE  FAMILY. 

[I.  Cruikshank.]    Tabby  Fecit  White  Inif 

Pu¥  June  12,  lygo  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Where  may  be  seen 
the  completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c.  in  the  Kingdom  also  the 
head  &  hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admit  j*. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Heathfield  sits  in  an  armchair 
surrounded  by  the  fortifications  of  Gibraltar.  His  gouty  legs  are  swathed 
and  one  rests  on  a  stool.  In  his  1.  hand  is  an  open  book :  Military  Traties. 
He  directs  the  operations  of  three  cats,  one  of  whom  (a  tabby)  is  heating 
cannon-balls  (inscribed  Spanish  Pills)  in  a  fire;  a  white  cat  shoulders  a 
musket,  and  another  (r.)  fires  a  cannon  by  urinating  on  the  touch-hole. 
He  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  1.,  saying.  Take  care  Miss  Tabby 
You  dont  singe  your  Tail.  He  wears  regimentals  with  the  star  of  the 
Bath.  In  the  background  are  fortifications  with  a  circular  tower  flying 
a  Union  flag.  Over  Heathfield 's  head  is  a  scroll :  Once  a  Man  &  twice 
a  Child. 

A  satire  on  Heathfield 's  unfitness  to  act  as  Governor  of  Gibraltar, 
probably  inspired  by  the  threat  of  war  vnth.  Spain,  see  No.  7645,  &c.  He 
died  at  Aix-la-Chapelle  on  6  July  *of  a  second  stroke  of  the  palsy'  aged  72, 
when  he  was  about  to  return  to  Gibraltar.  *He  fell  in  an  exertion  beyond 
his  strength,  from  an  anxiety  to  close  his  life  on  the  rock  where  he  had 
acquired  his  fame.'  Gent.  Mag.,  1790,  p.  671.  Cf.  No.  7622.  For  his 
defence  of  Gibraltar  with  red-hot  cannon-balls  see  No.  6035. 

8ixi3iin. 

68i 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7652  THE  COALITION  CANDIDATES  RECEIVING  THE  FREE 
SUFFRAGES  OF  THE  ELECTORS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  June  i6.  lygo. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Fox  (1.)  and  Lord 
Hood  (r.)  stand  in  a  double  pillory  on  a  platform.  Below  and  in  front  are 
the  heads  and  shoulders  of  a  mob  who  pelt  them  with  eggs,  cabbages, 
carrots,  &c.  The  pillory  is  tightly  closed,  confining  both  heads  and  hands, 
with  a  padlock  inscribed  lygo  Freedom  of  Election.  Both  men  caper  with 
dismay.  Across  the  pillory  is  inscribed  Fire  [above  Fox]  &  Water  [above 
Hood].  On  its  central  post  sits  a  double-headed  heraldic  eagle,  looking 
viciously  at  both  candidates,  and  inscribed  Election — Friendship.  The 
portico  of  St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden  (the  scene  of  the  hustings),  forms  a 
background.  On  it  is  a  placard :  To  the  Electors  of  the  Borough  [cf.  No.  7654] 
of  Westminster  your  Votes  are  Demanded  for  Fox  and  Hood,  A  board  (r.)  on 
a  pole  supporting  the  cap  of  Liberty  is  inscribed :  The  Independent  Electors 
of  the  City  of  Westminster  are  Desired  to  Vote  for  Home  Tooke. 

For  the  arrangement  by  which  Fox  and  Hood  stood  for  Westminster 
see  No.  7638,  &c.  Home  Tooke,  disgusted  at  the  compact,  stood  as  an 
independent  candidate,  publishing  his  address  on  16  June,  the  first  day 
of  the  election,  when  he  also  appeared  at  the  hustings  and  attacked  the 
'shameful  coalition'  of  the  two  candidates.  Stephens,  Memoirs  of  Home 
Tooke y  18 13,  ii.  83  ff.  London  Chronicle,  17  June.  Tooke 's  candidature 
(and  subsequent  petition)  is  discussed  by  Francis  Place  in  B.M.  Add. 
MSS.  27849,  ff.  120-64. 
13^X9!  in. 

7653  SPANISH  MESSENGER. 
[Dent.] 

Pub  by  J  Aitken  Leicester  Fields  Jun  20  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  (r.)  locks  a  huge  padlock  inscribed 
Dispatches  which  fastens  the  lips  of  a  messenger  in  riding-dress,  holding 
his  cap  and  whip ;  he  says  Nothing  shall  transpire.  Behind  him  (r.)  stands 
(?)  Sir  Archibald  Macdonald,  saying.  That's  right  Billy  lock  the  fellow  up 
again.  Dam  the  haughty  Dons  proud  Stomachs  for  not  sending  better  News. 
Thurlow  (1.),  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  says,  with  a  ferocious 
expression  ( ?  to  Pitt)  Dam  your  Shilly  shally.  Behind,  two  men  stand 
facing  each  other  holding  their  fingers  to  their  lips  and  making  gestures 
to  enforce  silence.  One  (r.)  resembles  Hall  the  Whig  apothecary  of  West- 
minster.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

''You  secret y  black  and  Midnight  Things;  what  is' t you  do?'* 

Shakespear 

An  attack  on  secret  diplomacy :  at  this  time  the  crisis  between  England 
and  Spain,  see  No.  7645,  &c.,  was  acute  and  complicated,  dispatches  were 
being  exchanged,  and  war  seemed  probable.  Spain  hoped  for  the  support 
of  France,  possibly  of  Russia  and  Austria.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revivaly 
pp.  572  ff.  J.  H.  Clapham  in  Camb.  Hist,  of  Foreign  Policy ,  i.  197-201. 
6|  X  9  in. 

682 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

7654  THIS  IS  THE  FRIEND  OF  ROME. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Lond.  Pub  June  21  lygo  hy  W  S  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly,  where  may  he 
seen  the  largest  Col^  of  Caricatures. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Home  Tooke  (1.)  strains  at  a  rope 
attached  to  a  chain  which  links  the  necks  of  Hood  and  Fox,  whom  he  is 
about  to  haul  up  to  a  gibbet.  Hood  and  Fox  stand  bound  together  (r.), 
a  chain  round  their  bodies  and  round  a  leg  of  each.  Tooke  is  helped  by 
two  men  partly  visible  on  the  extreme  1. ;  he  says :  We  hope  all  uninfluenced 
and  Independent  Electors  will  assist  our  Endeavours  to  Crush  this  truly 
Infamous  Coalition  to  Deprive  the  Electors  of  Westminster  of  their  franchises 
&  make  it  like  a  Corrupt  &  Rotten  Borough  [cf.  No.  7652].  Hood  says, 
Ah!  this  comes  of  my  Getting  into  bad  Company — Evil  Communications 
Corrupt  good  manners.  Fox  says,  O  my  Dear  Lord  I  Thought  to  have  sold 
this  City  next  Election  for  loo^ooo,  or  if  I  had  been  nick^  in  the  Intrim,  to 
have  left  it  in  my  will  to  Major  Hanger  or  II[ervey]  Aston.  An  elector,  whose 
profile  appears  on  the  lower  r.  margin  of  the  design,  says,  Charly  looks 

D d  Gllum — he  is  Gallows  Poor  Else  I  should  have  naiVd  Five  Quid  for 

em.  The  gibbet  is  inscribed :  The  End  of  all  unnattural  &  unjust  Coalitions. 
Above  it  is  a  scroll  inscribed :  Caesar  has  Friends  &  Pompey  has  Friends 
but  Rome  has  no  Friends.  A  cherub  flying  in  the  air  points  at  Tooke ;  he 
holds  an  open  book  inscribed :  Junius  Discovered  by  P.  Thicknesse.  (This 
tract  (1789)  identified  Junius  as  Home  Tooke,  cf.  No.  7588.) 

For  the  compact  over  the  Westminster  Election  in  1790  see  No.  7638,  &c. 
Home  Tooke  in  the  print  resembles  a  bust  portrait  (stipple)  of  Tooke 
signed  Cruikshanks  delK  Hervey  Aston  fought  a  duel  in  1788  with  Mac- 
namara  (see  No.  7371)  over  the  Westminster  Election.  Sichel,  Life  of 
Sheridan,  ii.  404,  5. 

12JX9  ^^' 

7655  ADVICE  TO  THE  ELECTORS  OF  WESTMINSTER,  OR  THE 
CASE  AS  IT  IS. 

[Dent.]  Designed  by  Tops.  Executed  by  Bottoms. 

Pu¥  by  J  Aitken  Bear  Street  Leicester  Fields  June  26,  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  is  depicted  twice :  on  the  1.  A  little 
before  and  during  Election  and  (r.)  After  Election.  On  the  1.  he  kneels,  hat 
in  hand,  to  kiss  the  bare  posteriors  of  a  butcher  who  looks  round  grinning, 
and  says,  Charley  is  a  fine  promising  Fellow,  Charley  for  ever.  Huzza!  On 
the  r.  Fox  bares  his  posteriors,  looking  round  with  a  grin  at  the  butcher  who 
stands  behind  him,  puzzled  and  dissatisfied,  but  hat  in  hand.    Fox  says 

Now  you  may  Kiss  my  A e.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  NB  The  above 

may  be  applied  with  equal  force  against  any  of  the  Party  at  any  other  Place. 

Cf.  No.  7638,  &c. 
8fXi3fin. 

7656  NEW  BASTILLE.  [?  June  1790] 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Engraving.  A  man  looks  from  a  top-floor  window  of  a  brick  house,  saying, 
/  am  loc¥  up  against  my  will,  pray  is  the  Poll  over.   In  front  of  the  house 

683 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

a  stout,  plainly  dressed  man  holds  up  a  key;  he  says,  grinning,  He  shall 
not  come  out  unless  he  Votes  for  us.  Independence  for  Ever.  He  is  threatened 
by  persons  who  stand  on  the  r. ;  the  foremost  says :  Damn  your  independence 
give  the  Poor  fellow  his  liberty.  A  man  behind  him  says :  By  the  law  of  this 
free  Country  I  Demand  The  person  Detained  in  your  Bastille.  Behind  these 
two  and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  a  group  of  artisans  or  country  labourers  with 
sticks ;  they  say :  /  wish  Gov'  Lockup  and  D'  Snake  were  both  at  the  Divel 
they  are  fit  Companions  for  Each  other;  Our  Freedom  is  gone,  and  Damn  me 
if  it  is  we'll  storm  the  Bastille  Death  or  liberty;  Huzz  Huzza.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched:  This  Sketch  is  humbly  Inscribed  to  Geo:  Lockup  Esq'  Gov' 
of  the  new  Bastille  north  Street. 

The  house  has  a  high-walled  garden  but  does  not  resemble  a  prison. 
It  is  a  brick  building  of  three  stories ;  the  windows  on  the  front  floor  have 
sun-blinds.  It  is  probably  a  private  lunatic  asylum  in  which  electors  have 
been  confined. 

SJxiaf  in. 


7657  THE  GENERAL  ELECTION,  A  NEW  COUNTRY  DANCE. 

Second  Sett  [i  July  1790] 

Stipple.  Hibernian  Magazine,  1790,  p.  481.  A  sequel  to  No.  7650,  con- 
taining eight  more  couples  of  dancers.  The  humour  and  the  (alleged) 
political  allusions  are  given  by  the  expressions  of  the  dancers,  some  pleased, 
others  not.  One  man  angrily  clasps  his  injured  ankle.  The  last  couple  (r.) 
walk  off  in  dudgeon. 

Four  of  the  dancers  are  copied  from  a  strip  design  after  J.  Nixon,  see 
No.  7813. 

5|X2iJ  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 


7658  PROCESSION  TO  THE  HUSTINGS. 

Drawn  by  Collings.  Etched  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  July  i^  1790. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  361.  Illustration  to  'The  Election*  (verse). 
A  procession  in  a  street  walks  r.  to  1.  with  three  banners.  The  leader  walks 
with  a  long  pole,  the  high  crown  of  his  hat  is  encircled  with  favours ;  beside 
him  walks  a  man  holding  his  hat,  his  hand  on  his  hip  in  a  swaggering  atti- 
tude. Their  followers  are  a  ragged  crew.  The  banners  are  inscribed  Whigs 
&  Liberty,  No  Taxes,  and  Property  and  Independence.  In  the  background 
(1.)  is  a  house  in  the  two  upper  windows  of  which  are  two  amused  spectators. 
On  the  r.  a  street  recedes  in  perspective. 

A  satire  on  the  joint  candidature  of  Hood  and  Fox  for  Westminster  (see 
No.  7638,  &c.): 

Two  candidates  came,  hand  in  hand,  just  to  say — 
"Be  pleas 'd  to  return  us  good  people,  this  day;" — 
"Because,"  says  the  one,  "I  have  business  at  court;'* 
"Because,"  says  the  other,  "I  long  to  see  sport;" 
Followed  by  the  intervention  of  Home  Tooke : 

Did  you  e'er  see  a  glutton  shut  out  of  a  feast. 
So  look'd  either  Candidate,  seeing  this  priest! 

684 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Part  of  this  plate  was  reissued  i  Sept.  1795  as  The  Patriots  in  the  Carlton 
House  Magazine^  see  vol.  vii. 

6|  X  8f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  d 

7659  ROBIN  HOOD  &  JOHN. 
Ego  del,  1790. 

London.  Pu¥  by  Lansdowny  Hastings  &  C°  near  Berkley  Squarey  July 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Hood,  in  naval  uniform,  walks 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  followed  by  John  Home  Tooke,  who  holds  his  hat. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

"/«  this  time  were  many  Robbers  and  Outlaws ^  among  the  which  Robin 
Hood  and  little  John^  renowned  ThieveSy  continued  in  woods  despoiling  and 
robbing  the  goods  of  the  Rich — The  said  Hood  entertained  an  hundred  tall 
men  and  good  archers  with  such  spoils  and  thefts  as  he  got  from  Abbeys  and 
Houses  of  rich  Carles^* 

Stow^s  Annals  \  Page  i^g 

A  satire  on  the  Westminster  election,  see  No.  7638,  &c.  The  poll  closed 
on  2  July,  the  result  being  Fox  3516,  Hood  3217,  Home  Tooke  1679. 
London  Chronichy  3  July.  The  meaning  of  the  publication  line  is  obscure  : 
it  may  signify  that  the  influence  of  Lord  Lansdowne  and  Warren  Hastings 
was  exerted  against  Fox.  (Lansdowne  was  a  supporter  of  Hastings,  cf. 
No.  7310.) 

9iixi7|in. 

7660  THE  BRITISH  TAR'S  LAUGHING-STOCK,  OR  THE  ROYAL 
QUIXOTE. 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London    Published  July  14  ijgo  by  W  Maynard  N"  i  S^  Martins 
Court  Leicester  Fields 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Heading  to  a  song  of  eighteen  verses, 
printed  in  three  colimins.  Charles  IV  of  Spain,  dressed  as  the  conventional 
Spanish  don,  starts  up  from  a  sofa,  on  which  he  half  reclines,  with  an 
expression  of  angry  dismay,  his  r.  arm  raised  with  clenched  fist.  The 
grotesque  heads  of  four  courtiers  (r.)  look  at  him  from  behind  the  sofa 
with  expressions  and  gestures  of  alarm.  The  verses  describe  the  King's 
dream  which  is  depicted  in  three  small  scenes  surrounded  by  clouds  on  the 
1.  of  the  design.  Above  is  the  defence  of  Gibraltar,  with  red-hot  shot  blow- 
ing up  the  Spanish  gunboats  (see  No.  6035).  Below  is  a  Spaniard  (Charles 
IV)  putting  to  flight  a  body  of  British  soldiers  (at  Nootka  Sound) ;  corpses 
lie  at  his  feet.  Below  this  again  is  Louis  XVI  in  a  prison  cell,  biting  his 
thumb,  his  crown  on  the  ground  beside  him.  The  verses  are  to  the  tune 
of  'Begging  we  will  go'.  The  eighth,  fifteenth,  and  seventeenth  verses  are : 

He  saw  the  fall  of  Kingcraft, 

He  saw  the  grand  Monarque ; 
He  saw  him  of  his  glitter  stript, 

And  moping  in  the  dark. 

685 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Now  Don  awoke,  and  ranted ; 

The  dream  had  turn'd  his  brain : 
He  swore  he'd  set  the  Thames  on  fire, 

And  carry  George  to  Spain. 
O  France !  to  Spanish  worth  lend 

Thy  philosophic  eye, 
Nor  in  a  frantic  despot's  cause 
Permit  the  brave  to  die. 
For  the  Nootka  Sound  affair  see  No.  7645,  &c.    In  June  Spain  asked 
France  for  armed  assistance  under  the  Family  Compact.  The  answer  was 
delayed  and  in  September  the  National  Assembly  abrogated  the  old  treaty 
and  proposed  a  new  form  of  National  Compact  with  the  suggestion  that 
Louisiana  should  be  returned  to  France.  The  terms  were  unacceptable  and 
were  refused ;  Spain  agreed  in  October  to  all  the  English  demands.  Camb. 
Hist,  of  Foreign  Policy y  i.  199-201.   Cf.  Nos.  7671,  7694. 
JiqX  I  of  in.   Broadside,  i6|x  iijg  in. 

7661  A  NEW  FRENCH  BUSSING  MATCH  OR  MORE  CURSING 
&  SWEARING  FOR  THE  ASSEMBLY. 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  July  16  17 go  by  S  W  Fores  N  2  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satirical  representation  of  the  frater- 
nization at  the  Fete  de  la  Federation  in  the  Champ  de  Mars  on  14  July 
1790,  for  which  there  were  extensive  and  enthusiastic  preparations.  Louis 
XVI,  the  central  and  dominant  figure,  puts  his  arms  round  a  group  of  five 
of  his  subjects,  and  is  about  to  kiss  one  of  them;  the  other  two  couples 
kiss  each  other,  embracing  in  unseemly  manner.  The  King  says,  weeping, 
This  is  what  I  have  long  Desired:  my  wish  is  at  Length  accomplished  The 
Nation  &  the  King  from  hence  forward,  will  be  but  one;  the  other  looks  up 
at  him  yearningly,  saying.  Point  de  Deux  Chambres.  One  of  the  other 
couples  says  Point  de  Republique,  while  he  picks  the  pocket  of  his  friend, 
whose  coat  is  dotted  with  fleur-de-lys,  showing  him  to  be  an  adherent  of 
the  Ancien  Regime.  On  the  1.  a  fourth  couple  is  embracing;  one  says, 
weeping:  P II  furnish  tears  to  drown  the  King;  the  other  adds.  And  I  the 
Dauphin  and  the  Queen.  On  the  r.  a  man  wearing  spectacles  embraces  a 
pillar,  saying,  Vive  le  Roi,  Vive  la  Nation  Vive  liberte.  The  feet  of  these 
figures  are  cut  off  by  the  lower  margin. 

For  the  organized  fraternization  and  'delicious  intoxication'  on  the  first 
anniversary  of  the  fall  of  the  Bastille,  when  all  swore  fidelity  to  the  Nation, 
the  Law,  and  the  King,  see  Camb.  Mod.  Hist.  viii.  191;  Mathiez,  Les 
Grandes  Journees  de  la  Constituante,  19 13,  pp.  69-81 ;  de  Vinck,  Nos.  3719- 
89.  Cf.  No.  8275.  No.  81 19  is  a  free  copy  (with  alterations)  of  this  print. 
8JX13  in. 

7662  SPANISH  RUPTURE. 

THE  MONSTER ^THE  GUARDIAN. 

[Dent.] 

Pub"^  by  W  Dent  July  ly  lygo 

Engraving.  Britannia,  holding  her  spear,  stands  between  Pitt  (1.)  and 
Fox  (r.).  Pitt,  as  the  Monster,  see  No.  7648,  &c.,  stabs  her  with  a  sword, 

686 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

drawing  blood,  while  he  thrusts  a  nosegay  in  her  face;  this  is  comprised 
of  three  fleurs-de-hs,  a  thistle,  and  a  (drooping)  rose.  His  mouth  is  wide 
open  as  if  shouting ;  his  r.  arm  is  inscribed  Remissness^  his  1.  Duplicity.  His 
bag-wig  flies  out  behind  him  and  is  inscribed  Profound  Peace  Budget.  A 
violent  excretion  has  rent  his  breeches,  the  torn  parts  being  inscribed 
Sudden  \  War;  he  excretes  on  a  torn  paper:  Dates  Feb.  Above  his  head 
are  the  words  Nootkadle  Sounds  the  letters  *tka*  having  been  scored  through. 
Britannia  looks  over  her  r.  shoulder  towards  Pitt ;  her  shield,  which  leans 
against  her,  is  inscribed  Scringing  Negotiation  for  Accomodation.  Fox,  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  holds  out  both  arms  towards  Britannia,  one  is  inscribed 
Sincerity^  the  other  Vigilance.  He  says :  Had  you  trusted  to  me  for  Protection 
I  had  put  you  on  such  a  Bottom  that  none  would  have  dared  to  insult  you.  Over 
his  head  are  the  words  Sound  Noddle. 

Pitt  is  most  unjustly  accused  of  truckling  to  Spain  over  Nootka  Sound, 
see  No.  7645,  &c.,  just  as  North  had  been  traduced  over  the  Falkland 
Islands  (cf.  No.  4935,  &c.).  No.  7666,  also  anti-Pitt,  takes  a  contrary  view. 
71^6X101  in. 

7663  SALUS  IN  fugA 

LA  FRANCE  SE  PURGE  PETIT  A  PETIT. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥July  29  [?  1790]  hy  S  Fores  N""  3  Piccaddilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  the  flight  of  the  emigres  from 
France.  A  strip  design,  the  figures  having  numbers  referring  to  notes 
below  the  print.  On  the  1.  is  a  group  at  Dover^  in  the  centre  are  persons 
leaving  Boulogne^  on  the  r.  is  a  group  fleeing  To  Spa.   On  the  extreme  1. 

I  Md^  de  Vas /  and  2  M^  de  Bie e  walk  off  arm  in  arm,  saying, 

il  n'est  tel  que  d'etre  bien  monte  and  God  Dam! — il  etoit  temsl  que  Vassal 

[  ?  Vasse^]  me  forgat  dequitter  mes  Vassaux.   Next,  3  L^  Maz ne  kisses 

the  ground,  saying.  Oh!  my  dear  Country.  (He  is  Lord  Massereene,  who 
had  chosen  to  remain  in  Paris  prisons  for  many  years  rather  than  pay  extor- 
tionate (if  not  fraudulent)  creditors.)  4  &  ^  de  Lam te^  M.  and  Mme 

de  La  Motte  stand  together;  she  watches  the  opposite  coast  through  a 

glass ;  they  say  Bravo! — voila  bien  de  nos  camarades  r assembles — Cal ne 

doit  etre  notre  Chef.   6  Cal e  (Calonne)  stands  on  the  edge  of  the  cliff, 

saying,  vous  pouvez  desormais  regarder  derriere  vous — les  laches  et  lesfripons 
sont  icy  en  surete — jf*en  reponds. 

On  the  opposite  coast  a  sailor  holds  a  boat  against  the  shore,  saying  to 

8  D.  de  Lux rg,  who  steps  into  it,  shuddering  and  excreting,  Don't 

Sh — t  in  my  Boat.  His  wife,  7  D^  de  Lux rgy  helps  him  into  the  boat, 

saying,  Dieu  aide  au  premier  Baron  fuyard^ — a  passer  Veau!  Their  daughter, 

a  young  woman,  9  Mad^^  de  Lux rg^  hurries  to  the  boat,  equally  terrified 

and  saying :  et  bien  vite — car  J'entends  tirer  derriere  nous!  In  the  background 
a  body  of  National  Guards  approaches  carrying  muskets  and  with  a  flag 
inscribed  la  Liberte^  their  leader  cries  Oh!  les  Laches! 

On  the  extreme  r.  is  a  signpost  To  Spa ;  five  persons  showing  even  greater 

signs  of  fear  follow  14  D de  Pol ac  (Polignac),  who  says  oh  tis  all 

in  de  Breeches.   12  i>  de  Pol ac  runs  behind  holding  his  long  queue 

^  Marquis  de  Vass^,  ^cuyer  of  the  Prince  de  Cond^.  E.  Daudet,  Hist,  de  V Emi- 
gration pendant  la  Rev.  Franfaise,  i.  21,  31. 

2  Written  above  the  word  Chretien  which  is  struck  through. 

687 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  saying  Mais  oil  est  done  Antoinette?   13  M.  de  Brog e  (Broglie) 

turns  to  her,  saying,  que  mille  diables  Uemportent  avec  tons  ses  odieux  pro- 
jetis.  10  M.  de  Bret il  (Breteuil)  says  By  gar  we  he  in  in  de  nasty  Con- 
ditions to  II  [Mile]  de  Pol ac.  Beneath  the  group  is  inscribed  NB.  la 

peur  et  les  eaux  font  deja  leur  Effet. 

For  the  emigres  in  England  and  at  Spa  see  Fomeron,  Hist.  Generale  des 
Emigres f  1884,  i.  215-16.  Calonne*s  head-quarters  were  at  Coblentz,  cf. 
No.  8068.  The  duchesse  de  Polignac  remained  faithful  to  Marie  Antoinette, 
irritating  other  emigres  (i  791)  by  her  defence  of  the  Queen  against  allega- 
tions of  making  common  cause  with  Jacobins.  Ibid.  i.  313.  Massereene 
actually  fell  on  his  knees  on  landing  in  England  and  kissed  the  ground, 
exclaiming  'God  bless  this  land  of  liberty'.  R.  Hayes,  Ireland  and  Irishmen 
in  the  French  Revolution,  1932,  pp.  40-1. 

De  Vinck,  No.  3706  (reproduction). 

7|X27jin. 

7664  THE  SHEW-MAN  SHEWN.  [c.  July  1790] 

Engraving.  A  Dublin  print,  heading  to  a  printed  song.  A  satire  on  the 
City  of  Dublin  election,  1790.  A  bear  (r.)  on  his  hind-legs,  with  the  head 
of  Napper  Tandy,  full-face,  holds  a  chain  which  is  round  the  waist  of 
Grattan  who  stands  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  hands  fastened  behind  his 
back  by  the  chain.  Between  them,  holding  the  chain  by  his  r.  hand,  stands 
an  ape  with  the  head  of  Lord  Henry  Fitzgerald  in  profile  to  the  r.  Behind 
them  a  street  of  uniform  four-storied  houses  recedes  in  perspective  towards 
the  Rotunda  of  the  Irish  Parliament.  Tandy  holds  a  staff  of  Liberty  on 
which  is  a  fool's  cap.  Fitzgerald  holds  out  towards  him  a  document 
inscribed  Simple  Repeal.  A  play-bill  covering  the  two  upper  stories  of  the 
house  behind  Grattan  is  inscribed:  Theatre  Royal  College  Green.  The 
Turncoat  or  Mendicant  Patriot.  Interlude.  Surprizing  Bear,  Real  Speaking 
Ape.  Farce  of  the  Whigs. 

Beneath  the  plate  is  printed:  A  New  Song,  |  by  Monsier  D ,  | 

Assistant  Shewman,  and  3'*^  Man  of  |  Saint  Mary's  Parish. 

Gentles,  Clergys,  Freemans,  Yeomans, 

Come  and  view  the  Raree  Shewmans, 

Led  about  thro'  every  Street-a, 

All  your  Vorships  for  to  greet-a, 

CromaboOy  aboo 

Here  you  see  the  Patriot  Bear-a, 
Lead  his  Lordship  here  and  there-a; 
Here  you  see  the  speaking  monkey. 
Strut  about  so  brisk  and  spunky 

Charley  Fox's  Understrapper, 
Led  about  by  Patriot  Napper, 
To  your  Vorships  vill  be  bound-a 
For  von  more  fifty  Tousand  Pound-a! 

(Three  more  verses  follow.) 

At  the  general  election  of  1790  (Parliament  was  dissolved  on  8  April) 
Tandy  contributed  largely  to  the  return  of  Grattan  and  Fizgerald  for  the 
City  of  Dublin.  D.N.B.  His  help  is  not  mentioned  in  The  Life  and  Times 

688 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

of  Grattan^  iii.  460-3,  iv.  23.   For  the  gift  of  £50,000  to  Grattan  see  No. 
6003.    Cromaboo  is  the  motto  of  several  Irish  families  including  the 
Fitzgeralds,  cf.  No.  5572. 
3|X5i^in.  Broadside,  14x5!  in. 

7665  REVOLUTION. 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  Aug*  3^  [1790]  ^y  ^  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.^  Louis  XVI,  stamping  with  agitation,  bites  at  a  rolled  paper 
inscribed  (in  ink)  *A  New  Constitution',  saying,  hy  Gar  I  will  eat  it  all  as 
fast  as  I  could  pick  de  leg  of  de  Volaile — oh  de  pauvre  Grand  Monarque.  On 
the  ground  at  his  feet  are  his  hat,  sceptre,  and  crown.  He  urinates  a  stream 
inscribed  Despotism.  He  stands  between  four  French  notables  who  watch 

him,  two  on  each  side ;  their  names,  like  that  of  the  K g^  are  etched 

beneath  the  design.   On  the  extreme  1.  the  Marq^  d  Mira aw,  a  petit 

maitre,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  smiling,  and  taking  a  pinch  of  snuff.  He 

says :  Sac — e  D u  it  will  make  him  burst  and  go  of  like  de  Bastile.  From 

his  pocket  projects  a  paper  inscribed  New  Constitution.  Beside  him  stands 

M'  D'Espre il^  a  stouter  man  wearing  top-boots  and  an  enormous 

cocked  hat.  He  says,  with  a  gesture  of  dismay,  Diable — if  this  is  de  case^ 
Fm  off.  They  stand  outside  the  door  of  a  building  over  which  Maison  de 
Ville  has  been  scored  through  and  replaced  by  Justice  Hall  Trials  by  Jury. 

On  the  King's  1.  stands  the  D D'Orl ns^  threatening  him  with  his 

fists  and  saying :  by  G — d  you  shall  swallow  it  or  I  will  tip  you  a  Mendoza 
which  I  learn' t  of  the  Prince — John  Bull  for  ever  Dam  me  (the  last  two  words 
scored  through).  He  wears  a  short  tunic  with  a  cloak,  and  a  long  sabre 
with  (like  the  King)  the  order  of  St.  Louis.   Beside  him  (r.)  stands  the 

Marqu^  de  la  Fay tte  in  regimentals,  saying  with  a  perplexed  expression 

and  a  deprecating  gesture,  by  Gar  you  did  send  me  to  free  de  Americans  & 
by  gar  I  will  Free  mine  own  Countrymen  Behind  him,  in  the  background, 
soldiers  with  two  heads  on  pikes,  and  a  banner,  Vive  le  peuplcy  head  a  mob 
who  are  shouting  no  mor  Bastiky  no  more  grand  monarque.  Behind  them 
the  Bastille,  partly  demolished,  is  on  fire. 

The  Constitution  was  not  completed  till  1791,  but  since  Mirabeau  died 
in  April  179 1  this  print  was  probably  published  in  1790.  D'Espremenil, 
though  arrested  in  1788  for  supporting  the  Parlement  against  the  King, 
was  a  reactionary  and  leader  of  the  extreme  right  in  the  National  Assembly. 
For  other  prints  on  the  fall  of  the  Bastille  see  No.  7550,  &c.  For  Orleans 
(the  leader  of  the  Anglomanes)  and  the  Monarchy  cf.  No.  7668,  &c.,  for  his 
association  with  the  Prince  of  Wales  cf.  No.  6945. 
94X141^6  in. 

7666  ARMING  JOHN  BULL  TO  FIGHT  THE  BUGABOOS!!! 

[  ?  J.  Hook.  Attributed  by  E.  Hawkins  to  Cawse  (i  779-1 862).] 

Aug  6.  1790.  Pub  by  S.  W.  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  John  Bull,  a  much  overburdened 
soldier,  looks  up  in  angry  dismay  at  a  helmet  inscribed  Glory  which  Pitt  (1.) 
is  about  to  place  on  his  head.   He  says,  O  D n  the  Glory  I  shall  never 

*  Also  a  coloured  impression. 

689  Yy 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

he  able  to  hear  it  all!  Pitt  stands  in  profile  to  the  r. ;  the  large  plumed  helmet 
which  he  holds  up  in  both  hands  is  irradiated.  From  his  pocket  hangs  a 
long  paper  headed  List  of  Ships  £5000000.  John  Bull,  short  and  stout, 
stands  full  face  wearing  a  gorget,  with  two  pistols  in  his  belt,  a  long  sabre 
suspended  horizontally  from  his  waist,  its  blade  inscribed  Twenty  more 
Kill  em!  He  holds  a  blunderbuss  in  his  r.  hand,  which  fires  Pop  Pop  into 
the  air;  a  large  pike  in  his  1.  hand,  a  broadsword  held  in  his  1.  arm;  a 
musket  and  a  huge  knapsack  are  slung  on  his  back.  In  the  foreground  are 
ordnance  stores:  a  barrel  (1.)  inscribed  Right  Rich — mond  douhle  Proo/ with 
cannon-balls,  and  (r.)  a  cannon,  cannon-balls,  drum,  and  flag.  In  the  back- 
ground a  fleet  of  ships  sails  from  the  shore  on  which  stands  a  cheering 
crowd. 

For  the  Nootka  Sound  aflFair  see  No.  7645,  &c.  This  satire  is  in  direct 
opposition  to  No.  7662.  On  May  10  ^£1, 000,000  was  voted  for  the  Spanish 
emergency.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxviii.  784.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival, 
i.  581.  Naval  preparations  were  going  on  with  great  vigour  during  August, 
September,  and  October.   For  Richmond,  see  No.  6921  and  index. 

Reproduced,  Wheeler  and  Broadley,  Napoleon  and  the  Invasion  of 
England,  1908,  p.  24. 

8|xi2|in. 

7667  SYMPTOMS  OF  COURAGE  OR  THE  TABLES  TURNED. 
[1.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  August  16  lygo  by  W  S  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly  where  may 
be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of  Caracatures  in  the  Kingdom  admi- 
tance  one  Shilling. 

Engraving.  A  design  in  two  compartments :  the  first  illustrates  an  *  affair 
of  honour'  between  de  Voglas,  Adjutant-General  of  the  Army,  and  Orleans, 
as  reported  in  the  English  press;  the  second  depicts  an  imaginary  sequel. 

[i]  De  Voglas  (r.),  a  handsome  and  gallant-looking  man,  introduces  a 
groom,  dressed  like  an  English  postillion,  to  an  older  Frenchman,  M.  de  la 
Touche  (1.),  who  looks  at  the  groom,  who  bows,  jockey-cap  in  hand. 
De  Voglas,  standing  in  the  doorway  (r.),  says.  La  Voila  Mon  Chancellier 
who  will  treat  zvith  yow — my  affair  be  with  de  Due  Your  Master. 

[2]  De  Voglas,  wearing  his  hat,  his  hands  on  his  hips,  kicks  Orleans  (1.), 
saying.  Go  traitor,  &  let  your  Conscience  give  you  Courage.  The  Duke,  both 
hands  held  up,  says.  Indeed  I  will  never  do  the  same  thing  again.  A  sentry, 
standing  in  a  sentry-box  on  the  extreme  1.,  half-draws  his  sword,  scowling 
at  the  Duke ;  he  says,  was  it  not  for  my  post  Fd  seperate  his  treacherous  head 
from  his  body. 

According  to  the  report,  de  Voglas,  believing  that  Orleans  was  responsible 
for  the  attack  on  Versailles  on  6  Oct.  1789  (see  No.  7668,  &c.),  deliberately 
and  grossly  insulted  him.  The  Duke's  advisers  decided  that  he  should  not 
challenge  de  Voglas,  but  de  la  Touche  approached  the  latter  on  his  own 
account :  de  Voglas  asked  him  if  he  came  as  principal,  or  as  Chancellor  of 
M.  d 'Orleans  and  then  presented  to  him  his  groom  *as  the  person  who 
tiischarged  the  functions  of  Chancellor  in  his  household  .  .  .  my  aflFair  is 
with  the  Duke  your  Master'.  London  Chronicle,  10  Aug.  1790.  Cf  also 
Auckland  Corr.  ii.  370. 

9lgXi3iin. 

690 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

7668  ASSASSINATION. 

Versailles  October  6,  lySg. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  Aug  ig  ijgo  by  W  S  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  Where  may 
be  seen  the  Completest  Collectio7i  of  Caricatures y  &c  also  the  head  & 
hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admittance  i  shill. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  officer  of  the 
Gardes  du  Corps,  wearing  the  cross  of  St.  Louis,  stands  with  a  drawn 
sword  before  a  door  leading  to  a  long  room  or  gallery.  Within  stands 
Louis  XVI  holding  the  Dauphin  by  the  hand,  while  Marie  Antoinette  takes 
his  r.  arm.  Above  their  heads  is  etched  Save  us  from  treatcherous  Friends. 
The  officer  says,  I  find  there's  treachery — but  Fll  defend  my  King  &  Family 
to  the  last  Drop  of  my  blood.  In  his  hat  is  a  favour  inscribed  Vive  le  Roi. 
Hiding  behind  an  arched  doorway  (r.)  are  two  people  dressed  as  women, 
wearing  cloaks  and  hats ;  each  clutches  a  dagger,  and  below  the  petticoat 
of  the  foremost,  Orleans,  protrudes  a  spurred  boot.  He  says  Where  shall 
we  hide  our  selves — my  Plot  is  marred.  His  companion,  Mirabeau,  who  is 
on  the  extreme  r.,  says.  Damnable  fool  thus  to  serve  Your  purpose  &  risk — 

a  la  Lanterne.   They  are  identified  in  a  contemporary  hand  as  *0 ns* 

and  'M  . . .  b  . .  u'.  Orleans  is  a  recognizable  portrait.  On  the  wall  between 
the  officer  and  the  conspirators  is  a  crucifix  above  a  receptacle  for  holy- water. 

For  the  attack  on  the  Queen  on  6  Oct.,  see  Nos.  7560,  7690;  for  similar 
allegations  against  Orleans,  see  Nos.  7559,  7649,  7665,  7667.  Cf.  D'Ani- 
maux  Malfaisants  .  .  .  (de  Vinck,  No.  2967)  in  which  Orleans  is  the 
instigator  or  paymaster,  Bailly  and  Lafayette  the  executants. 

Challamel,  i.  69  (small  copy,  having  the  signature  /C,  which  is  not  on 
the  B.M.  impression). 
9X13  J  in. 

7669  GRAND    REVIEW   AT    SPITHEAD,    OR   THE    HOLIDAY 
ADMIRAL  IN  PORT. 

[Dent.]  Produced  by  Heat,  Executed  by  Vapor. 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Aug^  ig^^  ^79^- 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Howe  (1.)  shows  to  a  group  of 
naval  officers  an  enormous  kitchen  range  on  which  birds,  joints,  &c.,  are 
roasting  on  three  spits,  while  a  sailor  (r.)  wearing  an  apron  bastes  them, 
saying.  Dam' me  I  had  rather  Baste  the  Dons.   Above  Howe  is  a  placard : 

You  are  invited  to  DINE  on  board  the  Queen  with  L d  Howe ;  this  is 

placed  over  a  print  of  a  naval  officer  holding  a  sabre  inscribed  The  Gallant 
Rodney  invites  to  Fight  \  the  figure  of  Rodney  is  torn  in  two.  Howe  turns 
to  Rodney  who  stands  on  his  right,  saying.  You  cut  &  dine  with  me  to  day. 
Rodney,  who  wears  his  star  of  the  Bath,  and  striped  trousers,  answers,  Give 
me  the  smell  of  Powder.  The  other  officers  (in  full  dress)  crowd  eagerly  into 
the  room  and  look  with  greedy  smiles  at  the  roasting  joints.  Among  them 
is  Hood's  profile  with  an  exaggeratedly  large  nose.  On  the  wall  (1.)  are  two 
superimposed  medallion  portraits;  the  upper  one  is  of  the  King  and 
Queen,  the  profile  of  the  Queen  (caricatured)  above  that  of  the  King,  the 
frame  inscribed  George  and  Charlotte ;  it  obscures  all  but  a  frame  inscribed 
Queen  Elizabeth. 

691 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Beside  the  range  is  a  placard :  Rumor  of  War  or  Modern  Smoake  Jack. 
Among  the  birds  and  joints  on  the  three  spits  is  a  large  piece  of  beef  on 
which  are  fastened  two  papers  for  larding  purposes,  one,  with  a  profile  head 
of  George  III,  is  inscribed  O  the  Roast  Beef  [of  old  England] ;  the  other 
has  a  print  of  Britannia  without  a  head,  inscribed  Rule  Britannia,  rule  the 
Roast.  A  large  haunch  is  wrapped  in  a  paper,  inscribed  Song  in  praise  of 
the  Gallant  Rodney.  In  the  large  tray  beneath  the  spits  is  a  piece  of  bread  ( ?) 
inscribed  Spanish  Rupture  and  labelled  A  Sop  in  the  Pan  for  the  Army 
bred  first  Lord  [Chatham]  and  his  Naval  Nurses.  The  edge  of  the  tray  is 
inscribed  Lord!  How  [Howe]  the  Holiday  Admiral  lives  in  Port!  In  front 
of  the  range  is  a  curved  fender  inscribed  In  commemoration  of  the  Spirited 
negotiation  confining  the  Brave  Officers  to  Eating  and  Drinking.  Within  the 
fender  the  British  lion  lies  panting.  In  front  of  him  is  a  sabre  whose 
scabbard  is  inscribed  Profound  Peace  again! f!  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

At  8  o'clock  A.M.  orders  were  given  to  prepare  for  Action — the  first  Rates 
to  range  in  three  Divisions — all  hands  aboard  the  Turbot,  of  the  Dutch 
Squadron,  made  ready  for  a  fine  kettle  of  Fish — and  a  good  basting  being 
expected  from  the  British,  a  hot  fire  was  kept  up  for  more  than  2  hours — 
when  at  4  o'clock  P.M.  the  Turkey,  properly  seasoned,  prepared  and  trimed, 
lead  the  Van  on  the  Starboard  tack,  followed  by  the  rest  in  her  wake — Turtle, 
finely  Coppered,  and  provided  with  hot  Balls,  bringing  up  the  Rear,  at  which 
time  the  Admiral  bore  down  with  well  directed  fury  on  the  Sir-loin,  and  the 
several  Officers,  observing  this  excellent  Commanders  new  Signals,  with  great 
Spirit  Cut,  Slashed  and  Fired  away,  both  Starboard  and  Larboard,  and  raked 
fore  and  aft,  till  they  effectually  cleared  the  several  Deckers — The  killed  and 
wounded  in  the  above  attacks  are  said  to  amount  to  more  than  1 000  Oxen, 
Sheep,  Deer,  Turkies,  Geese,  Ducks,  Fowls,  et  ceteras — attended  with  a  dis- 
charge of  several  Vessels  of  hot  Balls  and  at  least  10  Tun  of  Grape  shot — 
on  the  above  occasion.  Lord  H d's  nose  was  terribly  disfigured,  with  a  dis- 
charge of  the  aforesaid  shot — a  Dutch  Officer  Sunk  with  taking,  too  muck  [sic] 
Ballast — and  Capt'n  Grog,  being  damaged  in  the  head,  and  top-heavy, 
shewed  his  keel  and  discovered  a  foul  bottom — but  the  worst  was  the  Dons 
being  disposed  to  drink  with  us,  the  Valiant  Duke  and  the  several  Crews  were 
devilish  Sick  they  could  not  partake  of  something  better  than  a  mock  engagement. 

A  satire  on  the  supposed  inactivity  of  the  navy  in  face  of  the  Nootka 
Sound  incident,  see  No.  7645,  &c.  Howe's  ship  was  the  Queen  Charlotte. 
On  1 1  Aug.  the  news  from  Portsmouth  was  that  Howe  got  under  weigh 
with  a  squadron  on  8  Aug.  but  returned  after  twelve  hours  at  sea,  owing 
to  the  wind.  London  Chronicle,  1 1  Aug.  During  the  American  War  he  had 
acquired  a  reputation  for  inactivity  and  love  of  perquisites,  see  No.  5405, 
&c.,  while  Rodney  was  associated  with  gallant  and  successful  action  against 
Spain,  see  No.  5648,  &c.  See  No.  7677,  a  similar  attack  on  Howe. 
7|Xi3-|in. 

7670  A  CICERONIAN  ATTITUDE. 

Attic  Miscellany.   Oratorical  Portraiture  N°  2. 

Annibal  Scratch  Fecit 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C^  Sep^  i^  ^79^- 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  471.  A  W.L.  portrait  of  Pitt 
standing  in  profile  to  the  1.,  as  if  speaking  in  the  House,  but  with  his  r. 
forefinger  on  his  closed  lips.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  rolled  document  inscribed 

692 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Excise  Laws  \  Commutation  Act.  His  attitude  is  deprecating.  He  wears  a 
sword  and  his  hat  is  under  his  1.  arm. 

For  the  Excise,  see  satires  on  the  tobacco  duty,  No.  7545,  &c.,  and  for 
the  Commutation  Act,  No.  6634,  &c.    In  the  accompanying  text  Pitt  is 
satirized  as  an  inexperienced  youth,  trading  on  his  father's  reputation  to 
the  detriment  of  national  prosperity.   For  Pitt  as  Cicero  cf.  No.  6784. 
SJxsJin. 

7671  POLITICAL  SPARRING.  FOR  THE  AMUSEMENT  OF 
ENGLISH  SPANISH  FRENCH  AND  DUTCH  MASTERS  AND 

MISSES. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  Sep  9  lygo.  by  W  Fores  A^"  3  Piccadilly  where  may  he 
Seen  the  Compleatest  Colection  of  Caracatures  in  the  King  [sic] 
Admit:  i  ^M/z  [clipped] 

Engraving.  A  Spanish  don  lies  on  the  ground,  guineas  pouring  from  his 
pocket;  he  clutches  his  head,  saying  to  an  English  sailor,  who  stands  on 
the  r.  looking  down  at  him :  Yow  he  very  uncivil  M^  Bowling  I  make  a  fine 

Bow  &  not  intend  to  yow  &  yow  knock  me  Down  with  your  D d  Head. 

The  sailor,  who  also  clutches  his  forehead,  has  a  bludgeon  in  his  1.  hand ; 

he  answers :  D n  your  paper  Sconce  who  taught  yow  to  how  to  a  Gemman 

yow  lubher  yow  Fll  tip  yow  the  Princess  how  [cf.  No.  7439]  at  Elliots  Ball. 
A  second  sailor  stands  behind  his  friend  (1.)  grinning,  with  both  hands  on 

his  hips,  holding  a  cudgel.   He  says  D n  my  EyeSy  Jack  you^ve  carried 

away  his  Top  Gallant  &  made  him  mis  stays  &  the  [sic]  Patter  him  for  a 
Swah.  Behind  the  Spaniard  stands  a  stout  Dutchman,  smoking  a  pipe, 
his  hands  on  his  hips ;  he  turns  his  head  towards  a  foppish  Frenchman  on 
the  extreme  r.,  who  endeavours  to  pass  him,  and  puffs  smoke  into  his  face. 
The  Frenchman  says,  Mynheer  yow  will  not  let  me  come  hye  to  assist  my 
Cousin.  The  Dutchman  answers,  Monsieur  yow  was  not  give  me  room  to  smoke. 
A  satire  on  the  affair  of  Nootka  Sound,  see  No.  7645,  &c.  England  had 
appealed  to  her  ally  the  United  Provinces,  who  (with  Prussia)  had  admitted 
that  Spain  was  the  aggressor  and  had  promised  support.  Spain  had 
retaliated  with  an  appeal  to  France  under  the  Family  Compact,  see  No. 
7660.  'Elliot's  Ball'  is  probably  an  allusion  to  the  siege  of  Gibraltar,  cf. 
No.  6035,  and  possibly  also  to  Hugh  Elliot's  mission  to  Paris  to  dissuade 
the  French  democrats  from  adhering  to  the  Family  Compact.  Rose,  Pitt 
and  National  Revival^  pp.  578-82. 
9|Xi3jin. 

7672  THE  PROVOCATION. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  hy  W  Dent  Oct  10  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  lies  in  the  bilboes  on  the  deck 
of  a  Spanish  ship.  A  spar  and  part  of  a  sail  inscribed  The  Rousillon  form 
a  background.  The  man  lies  on  his  back  in  his  shirt,  a  Spanish  sailor  (r.) 
kneels  behind  him  supporting  his  head  and  is  about  to  wipe  his  face. 
Another  Spanish  sailor  (1.)  kneels  to  place  a  wedge  between  the  two  beams 
of  wood  (which  are  padlocked  together)  and  so  ease  the  pressure  on  the 

693 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

victim,  whose  hat  and  coat  lie  beside  him  on  the  deck.  A  beam  of  sunlight 
strikes  his  face.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  ferocious-looking  Spanish  officer 
holding  a  sword  tears  a  British  flag,  breaking  its  staff  with  his  foot.  Two 
Spaniards  (1.)  holding  muskets  stand  at  attention.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched :  Britons  now  is  the  time  to  avenge  your  country^  s  wrongs.  Beneath  the 
design  is  etched :  A  Representation  of  the  cruel  treatment  Captain  M' Donald 
received  on  hoard  the  Spanish  Frigate,  Rousillon.  Commanded  by  Don 
Francisco  Vidal  Au^  5  lygo  who  after  having  been  detained  all  night  with- 
out any  reason  was  placed  upon  his  back  along  the  Deck  and  part  of  his  Neck 
and  Shoulders  confined  between  two  logs  of  wood  for  near  four  hours,  the  upper 
one  bearing  hard  on  his  breast  woidd  have  endangered  his  life  had  not  some 
of  the  Crew  forced  a  wedge  in.  For  Particulars  see  the  Newspapers. 

McDonald,  Master  of  the  Trelawney  Planter,  bound  from  Jamaica  to 
England,  met  a  Spanish  merchant  fleet  convoyed  by  two  frigates  in  the 
Gulf  of  Florida,  and  was  treated  as  here  described  in  the  burning  sun. 
McDonald  arrived  in  London  on  19  Sept.  and  was  examined  by  the 
Secretaries  of  State,  &c.  London  Chronicle,  2  Oct.  A  serious  view  was 
taken  of  the  case,  which  seemed  to  show  that  Spain  was  bent  on  hostilities 
(see  No.  7645,  &c);  it  encouraged  Pitt  to  press  the  Spanish  Court  hard. 
Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  p.  583.  Cf.  No.  7674  A.  No.  8099  is 
based  on  this  incident. 

Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  511. 
SfXisAin. 

7673  A  BLACK  JOKE. 

Pub  Oct  24  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  Where  may  be  seen  the  com- 
pletest  collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  Kingdom  Admittance  one 
shilling. 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (T.Q.L.  figures),  and 
Fox  are  seated  at  a  rectangular  table  playing  cards.  Fox,  who  is  full  face, 
sits  behind  the  table  between  the  Prince  (1.)  and  his  partner  (r.).  He  has 
taken  three  tricks,  and  holds  one  card  above  his  head,  about  to  play  it, 
looking  fixedly  at  Mrs.  Fitzherbert.  His  other  hand  is  under  the  table. 
His  opponents  hold  two  cards,  and  have  taken  no  tricks.  The  profiles  of 
the  Prince  and  his  partner  are  blank,  except  for  the  eyelashes  of  the  con- 
cealed eye  of  each.  Fox's  features,  especially  his  eyes,  are  marked  and 
swarthy.  Above  his  head,  and  between  two  pilasters  which  decorate  the 
wall,  is  a  picture  of  a  fox  running  off  with  a  goose,  while  a  bystander  lashes 
at  him  with  a  whip ;  in  the  background  is  a  windmill. 

The  intention  is  obscure :  Fox  appears  to  be  cheating  his  opponents.  It 
was  well  known  that  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  would  not  meet  Fox  after  his  denial  of 
her  marriage  in  the  House  of  Commons.  'The  Black  Joke'  was  a  coarse  song. 
8f  X12J  in. 

7674  THE  LAST  ULTIMATUM. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  Octr  2^^  1790. 

Engraving.  A  stout,  tall,  and  fierce-looking  Spanish  don  (1.),  holding  an 
unsheathed  sword  against  his  shoulder,  takes  Pitt,  whc  is  small,  thin,  and 

694 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

timorous,  by  the  nose.  Pitt  says,  Oh  dear!  what  large  wishers!  Oh  dear! 
what  a  great  Bugaboo!  but  I  dontfear — no  not  I — and  now  I  know  you're  in 
earnest  Fll  let  loose  all  the  pretty  Ships  I  have  hitherto  kept  in  such  fine 
preservation,  ay,  though  you  should  spoil  them — that  I  will.  His  hair  rises 
on  his  head  in  terror  and  his  bag-wig  flies  outwards.  In  his  hand  is  a  large 
pen;  behind  him  is  a  writing-desk  on  which  are  two  papers:  Negotiation 
and  To  the  Court  of  Madrid — Once  more  I  write  to  know  what  is  [sic]. 
Behind  the  desk  are  six  pictures,  each  of  a  single  ship  with  furled  sails. 
Behind  the  Spaniard  (1.)  are  ships  at  sea  off  a  mountainous  coast  in  full 
sail  and  surrounded  with  smoke  to  show  they  are  in  action. 

A  satire  on  the  Spanish  crisis,  see  No.  7645,  &c.  At  this  time  Pitt  was 
blamed  by  the  Opposition  for  his  bullying  attitude  towards  Spain.  Leeds' 
dispatch  of  2  October  to  the  English  ambassador  at  Madrid  was  in  effect  an 
ultimatum  and  was  completely  successful.  In  a  dispatch  of  8  Oct.  (drafted 
by  Pitt)  it  was  urged  that  Spain  should  be  invited  to  frame  a  political  and 
commercial  alliance.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  583-5.  Possibly 
the  print  indicates  knowledge  of  this  dispatch,  probably  it  is  ill-informed 
jingoism,  cf.  No.  7669.  See  also  No.  7674  A. 
Sixiifin. 

7674  A  Another  (coloured)  impression  with  alterations  in  pen  for  a  reissue 
after  news  of  the  signing  of  the  Convention  with  Spain  (24  Oct.)  which 
reached  England  on  4  Nov.,  though  the  date  has  not  been  altered.  'Con- 
vention' has  been  added  as  a  title  above  the  design;  the  original  title  is 
continued :  or  the  Olive-Branch  said  to  have  been  produced  by  the  Spirited 
negotiations.  A  signature  is  added:  Ex^  by  Bouncing  Humbugs.  The  in- 
scription on  the  paper  on  the  desk  is  altered  to :  Secret  Truth — Nothing 
gained  but  much  expended.  An  olive  branch  sprouts  from  the  tip  of  the 
Spaniard's  sword  and  from  Pitt's  hair.  The  Spaniard  says  /  wont  hear  a 
word  of  Manilla  Ransom — nor  of  McDonald — nor  shall  you  have  a  Dollar  of 
Expences  but  Fll  lead  you  thus  till  opportunity  serves  and  then  Dam^me  if  I 
dont  pay  you.  Pitt  says  (a  piece  of  paper  being  pasted  over  the  original 
inscription)  /  am  softened  and  satisfied  but  let  [six  illegible  words]  a  little — 
pray  do  my  dear  Don.  For  the  Convention  see  No.  7687,  &c.  For  the  out- 
rage to  McDonald  see  No.  7672.  For  the  Manila  ransom  (1762),  part  of 
which  was  never  paid  by  Spain,  see  Camb.  Mod.  Hist.  vi.  369-70,  430. 

7675  FRONTISPIECE  TO  REFLECTIONS  ON  THE  FRENCH 
REVOLUTION. 

[?H.  W.] 

Londo7i  Pu¥  NovemT  the  2,  lygo,  by  Will^  Holland,  N""  30  Oxford  S^ 
in  whose  rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in  Europe  of  Carica- 
tures. Admit  I  sh 

Engraving.  Burke  (r.)  kneels  on  one  knee  in  profile  to  the  1.  with  his  hands 
clasped,  gazing  ecstatically  at  a  vision  of  Marie  Antoinette  (1.)  who  stands 
upon  clouds,  crowned  and  irradiated,  wearing  Greek  draperies;  she  lifts 
a  veil  with  one  hand  and  looks  down  graciously  at  Burke.  A  cherub  flies 
above  him,  holding  a  firebrand  to  his  head,  from  which  gush  sparks. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched  the  famous  passage  beginning  It  is  now  sixteen 
or  seventeen  years  since  I  saw  the  Queen  of  France  .  .  .  and  ending  /  thought 
ten  thousand  swords  must  have  leaped  from  their  scabbards  to  avenge  even  a 

695 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

look  that  threatened  her  with  insult. — But  the  age  of  Chivalry  is  gone — Burke 
on  the  Revolution  in  France.  Page  112. 

Burke's  'Reflections'  was  published  on  i  Nov.  1790,  having  been  much 
talked  of  before  publication.  The  proofs  had  been  sent  to  Francis,  who 
wrote  19  Feb.  1790,  'all  that  you  say  of  the  Queen  is  pure  foppery'.  See 
Burke,  Correspondence,  1844,  iii.  130.  The  passage  was  much  discussed, 
see  Walpole,  Letters,  xiv.  329.  For  the  famous  book  (provoked  by  Price's 
sermon,  see  No.  7629,  &c.),  see  Nos.  7678,  7679,  7685,  7686,  7688,  7689, 
7690,  7824,  7833,  7855,  7858,  7859,  7864,  7868,  7888,  7913. 
iifX9jin. 

An  English  caricature,  de  Vinck,  No.  1758, 
VIVE  LA  BAGATELLE 
G.M.  Woodward  delin. 
London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland  A^"  30  Oxford  Street  Nov'  5  1790. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    A  performing  dog  wearing  a  cocked 
hat  with  huge  tricolour  cockade  strikes  an  attitude  while  a  sansculotte 
dances  to  a  violin  and  flute  played  by  two  other  sansculottes. 
ioiXi3  in. 

7676  NAVY  VICTUALLER  AND  CONTRACTORS  READING  THE 
EXTRAORDINARY  GAZETTE  ANNOUNCING  THE  SPANISH 
CONVENTION. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  N  8^  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  seated  behind  a  rectangular 
table  holds  a  paper :  Extraordinary  Gazette  Convention ;  he  looks  up  with 
an  expression  of  dismay,  saying.  Oh!  Dam  the  Dons!  if  they  keep  their  Word 
what  am  I  to  do  with  my  Oxen.  On  the  table,  which  is  in  reversed  perspec- 
tive, are  two  tea-cups,  an  overturned  tumbler,  and  papers:  Mayor['s] 
Letter  \  Oracle  \  The  World  [ministerial  newspapers,  cf.  No.  7369,  &c.].  The 
title  is  etched  on  the  vertical  front  of  the  table-cloth.  Two  stout  men  (1.) 
standing  together  in  profile  to  the  r.,  equally  dismayed,  answer  respectively, 
Your  Oxen!  {fatten  them  for  Market)  what  are  we  to  do  with  our  Biscuits? 
and  We  shant  have  one  broke,  if  we  are  not  to  crack  the  Spaniards  crowns,  no, 
not  one,  dam  it.  The  first  is  Alderman  William  Curtis,  the  other  (who 
resembles  him)  is  probably  his  elder  brother  and  partner  Timothy ;  they 
were  (ship's)  biscuit-bakers  at  Wapping,  cf.  No.  8075.  A  thin  man  with 
a  wooden  leg  (Brook  Watson)  stands  (r.),  his  hands  held  out,  face  upturned, 
exclaiming.  Convention!  Dam  the  Convention!  but  a  little  time  back  amused 
with  a  Dutch  Squabble,  now  tantalized  with  a  Spanish  Rupture — Oh!  curse  it! 
are  we  never  to  have  a  War? 

A  satire  on  war  profiteers  and  on  the  Convention  signed  by  Spain  on 
28  Oct.,  see  No.  7687,  &c.;  for  the  Curtises  cf.  No.  8059.  Brook  Watson 
had  held  the  lucrative  post  of  Commissary-General  during  the  American 
War  (cf.  No.  6965)  and  was  to  hold  it  again.  William  Curtis  (a  Pittite)  was 
returned  for  the  City  in  1790,  see  No.  7682.  He  became  a  stock  subject  of 
ridicule. 
9i|Xiofin. 

696 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

7677  POOR  DICK,  THE  HOLIDAY  ADMIRAL  RETURNED  TO 
PORT,  AFTER  SEARCHING  IN  VAIN  FOR  THE  SPANISH 
FLEET. 

[Dent.] 

Puh  by  WDent  N  25th  (?)  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Howe  stands  in  a  barrel,  which 
floats  horizontally  and  is  being  dragged  ashore  by  the  minute  figure  of  Pitt 
who  stands  on  some  steps  inscribed  Treasury.  Above  Howe's  head  are  the 
words  Water — Diogenes.  He  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  emerging  at  the 
knees  from  a  hole  in  the  barrel  which  is  inscribed  British  Spirits.  In  front 
of  him  stands  a  dark  lantern  inscribed  Cant  find  them.  He  says,  his  hands 
raised  in  protestation.  Oh!  If  I  had  met  the  whiskerd  Buggaboos — /  certainly 
should  have  let  fly.  Behind  (r.)  Neptune  emerges  from  the  water  with  his 
trident ;  he  points  to  Howe,  saying.  Never  was  the  like  since  I  have  been  a 
God — Halloo!  are  you  going  ashore  to  look  for  an  honest  man?  Above  the 
shore  (1.)  is  inscribed :  N.B.  The  Ancient  Diogenes  retire'd  to  a  Tub  because 
he  could  not  find  an  honest  Man^  the  water  or  modern  one  made  a  Tale  in  a 
Tub  of  the  War  because  we  have  none  but  honest  men.  Pitt  has  wings  to  show 
that  he  takes  the  place  of  the  cherub  in  Dibdin's  'Poor  Jack'.  Beside  him 
(1.)  is  a  barrel  of  Holland's  Gin  labelled  Negotiation.  Behind  are  the  masts 
of  a  ship  at  anchor  with  furled  sails. 

Beneath  the  design  are  etched  verses  To  the  Tune  of  Poor  Jack 

Addressed  {without  permission)  to  Richard  How.  Their  theme  is  that  there 
was  never  any  intention  that  the  navy  should  fight.  The  first  of  four 
verses  is : 

Go  patter  to  them  that'll  believe^  d'ye  see^ 
About  drubbing  the  DonSy  and  the  like, 

A  good  Fleet  with  fighting  instructions  give  me. 
For  it's' n't  to  a  little  they'll  strike, 

Tho'  the  thund'ring  Broadside  mast  or  port-holes  should  smite. 
And  shiver  each  splinter  of  wood 

Each  heart  of  Oak,  to  his  quarters  still  standing  tight. 
Would  surely  return  them  as  good; 

Avast!  nor  think  each  Tar  a  milksop  so  soft. 
To  return  without  playing  a  Trick, 

But  it's  said  a  young  Minister  sat  up  aloft. 
In  treaty  for  the  Fleet  of  poor  Dick, 

In  the  last  verse  are  the  lines : 

But  the  Holiday  Chief  safe  returns  to  his  Friends, 
And  for  pay  may  go  once  again. 

For  the  Spanish  crisis  over  Nootka  Sound  see  No.  7645,  &c.,  and  for 
the  Convention  which  settled  the  dispute  No.  7687,  &c.  For  a  similar 
attack  on  Howe  see  No.  7669.  Dibdin's  'Poor  Jack'  (parodied  here),  a  song 
in  his  entertainment,  The  Whim  of  the  Moment,  1788,  rapidly  became 
popular.  Prof essional  Life  of  Mr.  Dibdin,  iii.  2,  4.  Cf.  No.  7817. 

5x8-1  in.  PI.  iix8iin. 

697 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7678  THE  KNIGHT  OF  THE  WOFUL  COUNTENANCE  GOING 
TO  EXTIRPATE  THE  NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY— 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  Nov''  15.  lygo  by  W"*  Holland  N  $0  Oxford  Street 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  in 
Europe  of  Caricatures  Admittance  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7679.  Burke 
as  Don  Quixote,  wearing  armour  and  mounted  on  an  ass,  rides  out  of  the 
door  of  Dodsley's  shop.  He  wears  a  Jesuit's  biretta  (cf.  No.  6026),  much 
enlarged  to  resemble  the  hat  of  a  (Prussian)  Death's  Head  Hussar,  and 
decorated  with  skull  and  crossbones.  On  its  top  is  seated  an  owl.  Round 
his  neck  is  suspended  a  medallion  profile  portrait  of  Marie  Antoinette.  He 
carries  a  long  spear  and  an  oval  shield,  divided  into  four  quarters,  inscribed 
Shield  of  Aristocracy  and  Despotism  \  each  containing  an  emblem  of  French 
tyranny:  dexter  chief,  the  Bastille  (see  No.  7550,  &c.);  dexter  base,  a 
chained  prisoner  inside  the  Bastille ;  sinister  chief,  two  men  burning  at  the 
stake;  sinister  base,  a  man  on  the  wheel,  with  axe,  scourge,  &c.  The  ass 
has  a  human  head  and  wears  the  triple  crown  of  the  Papacy;  he  is  evidently 
intended  for  Pius  VI.  On  the  animal's  neck  is  hung  Burke's  Reflections 
on  the  French  Revolution.  Above  the  shop  door  is  Dodsley  Bookseller  in 
large  letters.  The  adjacent  street  door  is  seen  on  the  1.  Beneath  the  design 
is  etched  the  passage  beginning :  It  is  undoubtedly  true^  though  it  may  seem 
paradoxical;  but  in  general^  those  who  are  habitually  employed  in  finding  and 
displaying  faults  y  are  unqualified  for  the  work  of  reformation:  and  ending: 
From  hence  arises  the  complexional  disposition  of  some  of  your  guides  to  pull 
every  thing  in  pieces — Burke  on  the  French  Revolution — Page  250. 

For  the  immediate  effect  of  Burke's  book  (published  by  Dodsley),  cf. 
Home  Tooke's  toast  at  the  annual  dinner  of  the  Revolution  Society  on 
4  Nov.  1790:  *If  Mr.  Burke  be  ever  prosecuted  for  such  a  libel  on  the 
Constitution,  may  his  impeachment  last  as  long  as  that  of  Mr.  Hastings!* 
London  Chronicle,  6  Nov.  (cf.  No.  7685).  The  famous  passage  on  Marie 
Antoinette  ending  'the  age  of  chivalry  is  gone  .  .  .'  provoked  this  and  other 
personifications  of  Burke  as  Don  Quixote  (anticipating  Paine 's  *  Rights  of 
Man',  1791,  ist  ed.,  p.  22).  For  other  satires  on  Burke's  'Reflections'  see 
No.  7675,  &c. 
ii|X9iin. 


7679   DON   DISMALLO,   AFTER  AN  ABSENCE   OF   SIXTEEN 
YEARS,  EMBRACING  HIS  BEAUTIFUL  VISION! 

[?H.  W.] 

London   Pu¥  Nov''  18.  1790.  by  TF"»  Holland  N"  50,  Oxford  Street. 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 

Caricatures  in  Europe,  Admittance  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7678.  Burke 
as  Don  Quixote,  dressed  as  in  No.  7678,  embraces  Marie  Antoinette,  who 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  saying.  Welcome,  thrice  welcome  to  my  arms  most 
renowned  Dismallo!  thou  Pink  of  Parnassus  thou  Adonis  of  Cavaliers!  thou 
God  of  Chivalry!  do  thou  vanquish  with  sacred  spear,  great  Hero,  and  give 

698 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

me  to  grasp  thy  invinsible  Shillelee,  more  powerful  than  the  sword  of  Rinaldo, 
or  that  Terrible  TalismaUy  the  Truncheon  of  Marlborough!  Burke  says : 
Christ  JasuSy  what  an  ass  have  I  been  a  number  of  Years;  to  have  doated  on 
an  old  woman — Heavens!  what's  her  bacon  and  eggs  to  the  delicious  Dairy  of 
this  celestial  Vision.  On  the  r.,  slightly  behind  Burke,  stands  Mrs.  Burke, 
an  elderly  woman,  dressed  like  a  farmer's  wife,  wearing  a  shawl  and  hat 
tied  with  strings ;  she  weeps,  putting  her  handkerchief  to  her  closed  eyes. 
At  Burke's  feet  (1.)  lies  his  spear;  the  owl  on  his  biretta  says:  Whoo  00  00 
00!  The  first  man  in  the  House  of  Commons!  the  first  man  every  where! 

See  also  No.  7675,  another  satire  on  the  famous  passage  on  Marie 
Antoinette. 

II JX 81^6  in. 


7680  THE  CORPORATION  OF  CONJURERS  IN  A  JACK-ASS'S 
HURRY  TO  ADDRESS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Nov  24^^  1790. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  procession  of  aldermen,  &c.,  in  civic 
robes  rides  (1.  to  r.)  on  galloping  donkeys.  The  leader  is  Boydell,  the 
recently  elected  Mayor,  heavily  draped  with  a  gold  chain ;  he  waves  his  hat 
with  a  fixed  smile.  His  donkey  says :  As  an  encourager  of  the  Fine  Arts  I 
ought  to  give  Billy  [Pitt]  a  lift — besides  his  Designs  are  matchless — and  where 
is  there  a  better  Judge  of  designs  than  I.  The  next  two  are  Wilkes  and  Rose, 
the  Recorder,  wearing  a  judge's  wig  and  gown.  Rose  holds  his  ass  by  the 
r.  ear,  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  document  inscribed  Address ;  he  says,  /  am  usually 
Slow — but  now  I  zvish  to  be  Sure — so  gee — oh!  my  other  self  His  donkey 
says.  Am  I  to  kneel  now — I  long  to  be  knighted.  Wilkes's  donkey  turns  its 
head  to  answer.  No  not  till  we  get  to  Court.  The  two  Sheriffs  ride  next : 
one,  Macaulay,  flourishes  a  knotted  scourge,  the  other,  Richard  Carr  Glyn, 
clutches  his  ass  by  the  mane ;  the  ass  says.  This  is  a  ridiculous  Journey  but 

I  shall  return  Sir  R d  and  it  will  please  my  Lady — not  that  I  mind  it, 

A  man  wearing  an  oval  cake  on  his  head  inscribed  For  Billy  (see  No.  7681) 
and  waving  a  birch-rod  is  clearly  Deputy  Birch.  He  is  followed  by  stout 
Alderman  Curtis.  An  alderman  with  a  wooden  leg  (Brook  Watson)  rides 
an  ass  which  says :  In  one  short  Word  the  convention  is  incomparable.  One 
of  the  two  last  men  on  the  extreme  1.  is  corpulent  with  a  nose  disfigured 
by  drink;  he  says.  For  mercy  sake  stop  and  have  a  bit  of  Refreshment  if  there 
is  nothing  to  be  got  where  we  are  going.  In  the  lower  corners  of  the  design 
are  two  small  escutcheons :  on  one  (1.)  is  the  head  and  shoulders  of  a  kneel- 
ing ass,  with  a  (royal)  sword  held  above  its  head,  inscribed  Knight  hood. 
On  the  other  are  the  arms  of  the  City,  but  with  the  dagger  in  the  dexter 
chief  quarter  and  pointing  upwards.  It  is  inscribed  Each  Man  went  on 
his  Ass. 

On  24  Nov.  1790  an  address  from  the  Mayor,  Aldermen,  and  Common 
Council  was  presented  to  the  King  at  the  levee,  thanking  him  for  the  Con- 
vention with  Spain.  Gent.  Mag.y  1790,  pp.  1047-8.  Glyn  and  Rose  were 
knighted,  see  No.  7681.  For  the  supposed  attitude  of  Curtis  and  Watson 
to  the  Convention  cf.  Nos.  7676,  7821.  For  the  Convention  see  also 
No.  7687,  &c. 

5|Xi6Jin. 

699 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7681  THE  BIG  CITY  DELIVERING  THE  PREMATURE  ADDRESS, 
OR,  THE  PATRONISER  OF  THE  FINE  ARTS  LOYALLY  EM- 
BELLISHING THE  BARE  CONVENTION. 

[Dent.] 

Pub  by  W  D  Nov  28  lygo 

Engraving.  The  King  seated  on  the  throne  (r.)  receives  a  burlesque  pro- 
cession of  aldermen  who  present  him  with  an  Address  from  the  City  (see 
No.  7680).  In  the  foreground  on  the  King's  1.  hand  stands  Pitt.  The  fore- 
most is  the  Lord  Mayor,  John  Boydell,  who  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Duty 
and  Loyalty — Blubber  Blubber  Blubber,  His  furred  gown  is  ornamented 
with  three  pictures  in  imitation  of  those  in  his  Shakespeare  Gallery,  see 
No.  7584.  The  uppermost  is  Death  of  Chatham :  Britannia  is  seated,  weep- 
ing, her  spear  broken  while  the  sun  sets  behind  a  hill.   Below  it  is  Life  of 

P 1'.  a  bare  stunted  tree  with  a  waning  moon.   The  third  is  Shark  of 

Nootka :  Britannia  lies  prostrate  on  the  edge  of  the  water  and  is  bitten  by 
a  head  representing  a  Spaniard.  On  Boy  dell's  r.  and  slightly  behind  him, 
stands  Deputy  Samuel  Birch,  the  famous  pastrycook  of  Cornhill.  He  holds 
out  an  oval  cake  (see  No.  7680)  to  Pitt,  saying.  Master  Billy  I  have  brought 
you  a  Cake  of  my  own  making.  His  hair  is  inscribed  Mock  Turtle,  his  gown 
is  covered  with  circular  tartlets,  and  is  labelled  Hot  Puffs  12  for  a  Shilling 
(cf.  No.  7524).   Pitt  answers  Thank  you  Master  Sammy. 

There  are  eighteen  addressers  in  all,  their  heads,  except  that  of  Wilkes 
(which  is  turned  to  show  his  squint)  are  in  profile,  and  are  caricatured 
portraits.  All  are  standing  except  Richard  Carr  Glyn,  one  of  the  sheriffs, 
who  kneels  (cf.  No.  7680),  saying,  /  zoish  he  had  done  reading  that  I  might 
be  dubbed.  Between  him  and  Wilkes  is  the  other  Sheriff,  Macaulay.  A  tall 
alderman,  Curtis,  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Compensation  as  sure  of  it  as  if 
we  had  it.  Watson,  with  his  wooden  leg,  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Whales 
sure  to  Catch  them.  An  unidentified  man  holds  a  paper  inscribed  Huts  quite 
sufficient  to  be  sure.  On  the  1.  is  an  alderman,  probably  a  wine  merchant, 
whose  body  is  a  cask  inscribed  Neat  as  imported.  An  alderman  whose  head 
is  covered  by  the  dial  of  a  clock  inscribed  Le  K  [or  7*.]  London,^  says.  It  was 
an  excellent  Motion — nicely  wound — up  in  Time— for  he  was  almost  Down. 

After  the  word  'Address'  in  the  title  is  etched  in  small  letters  Conceived 
and  Brought  forth  in  less  than  9  Days.  Below  the  title  thirty  lines  of  verse 
are  etched  in  four  columns,  beginning : 

"Convention!  Zounds!"  aloud  some  cry , 

"No  good  in  it  can  I  espie'' 

"For  we  should  be  but  as  before" 

"If  Pitt  for  us  expence  paid  o'er" 
But  Citizens,  perhaps,  more  wise. 
Great  gains  find  out  with  half  shut  eyes. 

The  Addressers  are  stigmatized  as  desiring  peace  for  selfish  reasons :  e.g. 
Birch  thinks  war  would  make  'fruit  and  sugar  dear'. 

The  address  was  presented  on  24  Nov.,  see  No.  7680  (when  Glyn  and 
Rose  were  knighted).  London  Chronicle,  25  Nov.  For  the  Convention 
with  Spain  see  No.  7687,  &c.  By  article  6  it  was  agreed  that  no  settlements 
should  be  formed,  by  subjects  of  either  country,  to  the  south  of  places 

^  No  alderman  or  deputy  to  whom  these  initials  would  apply  is  discoverable. 
Nor  can  he  be  traced  in  the  London  Directory  for  1790.  The  same  man  appears  in 
No.  7524.  Perhaps  Paul  Le  Mesurier. 

700 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

already  occupied  by  Spain,  other  than  'huts  and  temporary  buildings*  for 
the  purposes  of  their  fishery.    Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  917-18.    Birch  was  a 
zealous  supporter  of  Pitt  from  1784.   Baker,  Biog.  Dram. 
7iXi3f  in. 

7682  THE  RETURN  TO  THE  POLITICAL  ARK 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Nov  [  ?]  24^^  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Members  of  Parliament  in  the  guise  of 
animals  with  human  heads  walk  in  procession  to  the  ark,  which  is  inscribed 
St.  Stephen's.  The  foremost  animals  cross  a  plank  into  the  ark  which  is 
in  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design.  The  procession  follows  a  winding 
path  on  three  lines  which  are  roughly  parallel :  on  the  lowest  the  animals 
proceed  from  1.  to  r.,  the  path  then  turns  back  to  the  1.,  and  returns  again 
from  r.  to  1.,  the  curve  on  the  1.  being  cut  off  by  the  1.  margin.  In  the  lower 
1.  corner  is  Pitt  as  a  zebra  (the  Queen's  Ass,  cf.  No.  7623)  on  his  hind- 
legs  ;  he  holds  a  bunch  of  grapes  to  his  mouth,  in  his  other  forefoot  is  a 
paper  inscribed  Pay  to  my  Order  on  Demand  five  Millions  for  Bouncing. 
P.  To  John  Bull;  beside  it  is  a  paper  inscribed  Open  to  future  Insult.  On 
his  back  is  a  saddle-cloth  inscribed  Art  of  preventing  War.  He  excretes 
Convention  Drops  which  are  eagerly  devoured  by  geese,  dogs,  a  cock,  and 
two  asses  with  human  profiles.  In  front  of  Pitt  walk  side  by  side  a  camel 
and  a  dromedary,  the  largest  animals  in  the  design,  with  the  heads  of  Rose 
and  Steele,  the  Treasury  Secretaries,  each  with  a  pen  behind  his  ear.  Their 
backs  are  laden  with  loaves  and  fishes,  with  two  coronets,  a  Garter  ribbon 
and  star,  and  saddlecloths  inscribed  Lord  Lieutenancy  &c  &c ;  Sinecures ; 
Master  ay  (})  of  Hope  &c  &c ;  Good  things  to  be  disposed  of  under  the 
Rose.  In  front  of  them  is  a  Porcupine  with  the  head  of  Pepper  Arden 
(Master  of  the  Rolls)  inscribed  Legal  Porcupine.  Beside  him  walks  Gren- 
ville,  a  spotted  dog  on  his  hind-legs,  wearing  spectacles ;  he  says  We  shall 
have  warm  work  I  suppose y  tho*  we  have  acted  so  very  pretty.  He  is  the 
'stuttering  Billy'  of  No.  7623.  Arden  answers  Dam  'em  they  are  worse  than 
the  Spaniards.  At  the  turn  of  the  path,  and  above,  walks  a  Bear  on  his  hind- 
legs  in  back  view,  wearing  a  judge's  wig;  he  is  Thurlow.  In  front  of  him 
is  a  pair  of  sheep  inscribed  Country  Gentlemen  (cf.  No.  6243);  the  profile 
of  one  only  is  visible.  Walking  by  himself  (1.  to  r.)  in  front  of  the  sheep 
is  Sheridan  as  a  Patriotic  Packhorse.  Bells  are  attached  to  his  mane,  he  is 
laden  with  a  blunderbuss  inscribed  Long  Speech  (cf.  p.  499  and  No.  7331), 
a  sword  inscribed  Argument^  a  dagger  inscribed  Satire^  a  document  in- 
scribed Wit.  He  says  My  Constituents  are  dearer  to  me  than  ever  (he  paid 
electors  at  Stafford  five  guineas  each.  R.  C.  Rhodes,  Harlquin  Sheridan^ 
p.  91.)  He  walks  behind  a  fox  with  the  head  of  Fox  and  a  goose  with  the 
(minute)  head  of  Hood;  they  are  tied  together  with  a  ribbon  inscribed 
Election  Coalition  (see  No.  7638,  &c.).  Fox  says  /  burn  to  throw  a  light  on 
this  Secret  business.  They  walk  behind  a  Bengal  tiger  with  the  head  of 
Hastings  who  walks  beside  a  ( ?)  hyaena  with  the  head  of  Burke  (as  in 
No.  7623).  They  are  inscribed  Impeachment  and  liberty  Pro  or  Con.  Imme- 
diately behind  them  are  the  hind-quarters  of  a  rhinoceros,  inscribed  Imp — 
(Impey),  which  emits  a  contemptuous  blast  at  Burke.  On  the  extreme  1.  of 
the  upper  row  is  an  elephant  with  the  head  of  Dundas  inscribed  Controul 
(see  No.  7152,  &c.).    On  his  back,  on  a  saddle-cloth  inscribed  Oriental 

701 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Defence  J  is  an  Indian  Magpie  (Major  Scott,  as  in  No.  7623)  s2Ly'mg  F II  chatter 
away.  Dundas  says  Fll  not  carry  for  nothing.  In  front  of  Dundas  are  the 
members  for  the  City  in  two  pairs,  each  with  the  arms  of  the  City  on  his 
back.  The  foremost  pair  are  a  lean  animal  with  a  wooden  leg  (Watson) 
saying  A  Pension  is  a  pretty  things  and  an  ox  with  the  head  of  William  Curtis 
saying  /  hope  to  get  my  expences  even  to  a  Biscuit  (see  No.  7676).  Behind 
them  a  pig  with  the  swarthy  profile  of  Sawbridge  walks  next  a  goat  (Sir 
Watkin  Lewes),  saying  Cot  pless  the  Citizens.  They  are  preceded  by  a  pair 
of  calves :  one  A  Golden  Ccilf,  who  says  Hell  want  helpy  and  A  Moon  Calf 
saying  Something  Snug  may  be  had.  In  front  of  these  a  stag  and  a  Civet  Cat 

walk  together.  The  stag,  Sir  R W (Richard  Worsley),  says  I  got 

but  a  Shilling  for  my  Horns  (see  No.  6105) ;  the  other  says  Aye  or  No  say  I. 
The  next  couple  have  reached  the  plank  leading  to  the  ark,  they  are 
A  Hare  (James  Hare,  M.P.  for  Knaresborough)  and  an  African  Sloth; 
one  says  /  should  like  a  good  place.  On  the  plank  a  crocodile  with  the  head 
of  Powys  walks  with  a  Camelion  J°  in  Air.  Powys  says,  Had  I  lost  I  had 
cried  in  earnest  (he  frequently  wept  during  debates,  cf.  No.  6795).  In  the 
door  of  the  ark  is  a  drake  (the  two  Drakes,  father  and  son,  represented  their 
borough  of  Amersham).  Five  birds  fly  towards  the  ark,  the  first  three 
wearing  legal  wigs  and  bands.  The  foremost  (1.)  is  inscribed  Legal  Crow 
(he  resembles  Kenyon);  the  second  is  perhaps  Macdonald,  Attorney- 
General;  the  third  is  A  Rook  ( ?  Scott,  Solicitor- General);  he  says.  He  may 
be  hard  run.   The  last  two  are  a  Blackbird  ( ?  John  Blackburne,  M.P.  for 

Lancashire),  saying,  /wwg'  about  Billy  P /  the  Tory,  zndA  Martin  (James 

Martin,  M.P.  for  Tewkesbury).  The  ark  is  inscribed  :  Happy  are  the 
Chosen,  they  shall  be  Saved  harmless — and  Blessed  are  the  King's  appointed, 
they  shall  partake  of  the  Good  Things  of  the  Land — but  Woe  to  those  that 
thawrt  his  Rulers — till  they  turn  to  that  which  seemethgood.  In  the  water  (r.) 
on  which  the  ark  floats  are  the  disappointed  candidates:  A  hog's  head 
emerges  from  the  water,  saying.  Is  it  for  this  I  have  grunted.  (Sir  Joseph 
Mawbey  was  not  returned  for  Surrey.)  An  ass  with  a  human  profile  says 
This  is  the  curse  of  confidence.  A  ( ?)  calf  with  a  human  profile  says  Oh  ye 
false  Men  of  Kent  \  he  is  evidently  Charles  Marsham,  who  was  not  re-elected 
for  Kent.  A  head  with  wings  says  O  save  a  Chick  a  biddy,  now,  now ;  he  is 
Michael  Angelo  Taylor  (see  No.  6777),  who  was  not  re-elected  for  Poole. 
A  man's  head  and  an  ass's  head  also  rise  from  the  water,  perhaps  Tierney 
(who  failed  to  secure  re-election  at  Colchester).  In  the  foreground  (r.)  on 
a  tree  on  the  edge  of  the  water  sits  Wilkes  as  an  ape,  he  clasps  boughs  of 
fruit,  saying,  Fve  got  the  Golden-pippens.  His  cap  of  Liberty  hangs  on  the 
bough  beside  him,  filled  with  fruit.  On  his  staff  of  liberty  is  an  inverted 
chamber-pot  decorated  with  the  City  Arms.  Wilkes  did  not  seek  re-election 
in  1790;  he  still  held  the  lucrative  office  of  City  Chamberlain. 

Parliament  was  dissolved  on  12  June  and  opened  on  25  Nov.  The 
elections  were  uneventful,  but  rather  more  favourable  than  the  Govern- 
ment had  expected.  Pitt,  Life  of  Stanhope,  i.  361.  Two  non-members  of 
the  House  of  Commons  are  included  in  the  print,  Hastings  and  Thurlow. 
The  two  topics  which  awaited  the  attention  of  Parliament  are  here  indi- 
cated :  the  question  whether  Hastings'  impeachment  was  abrogated  by  the 
dissolution,  and  the  Convention  with  Spain,  see  No.  7687,  &c.  Fox  was 
said  to  be  prepared  for  a  violent  attack  on  the  latter  (Sir  G.  Elliot,  Life  and 
Letters,  i.  368),  and  did  attack  it,  at  great  length,  on  14  Dec.  Pari.  Hist., 
xxviii.  983-1003.  Similar  in  character  to  No.  7623 ;  cf.  also  No.  7130. 
9|Xi6|in. 

702 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

7683  THE  CONVENTION. 

Puh  Dec  1. 1790  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  Where  may  he  seen  the 
co7npletest  collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  Kingdom  also  the  Head 
&  Hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Adfnittance  one  shilling 

Engraving.  England  and  Spain,  represented  by  an  English  sailor  (I.)  and 
a  Spanish  don  (r.),  turn  their  backs  on  each  other  and  prepare  to  walk 
away.  Each  has  a  dog,  that  of  the  sailor  snarls  at  the  don,  whose  dog  walks 
off  with  its  tail  between  its  legs.  The  sailor  wears  short  trousers ;  he  holds 
a  cudgel,  and  scowls  over  his  1.  shoulder  at  the  don,  his  1.  hand  in  his  waist- 
coat pocket.  The  don,  who  holds  his  much-feathered  hat,  puts  his  r.  hand 
on  his  hip  and  marches  off  jauntily  with  a  pointed  toe  as  if  dancing,  looking 

round  with  an  air  of  defiance.   The  sailor  says  You  be  D n'd  (cf.  Nos. 

561 1,  5612),  his  profile  resembles  that  of  John  Bull  in  those  prints;  the 
other  answers  Adieu. 

For  the  Convention  between  England  and  Spain  see  No.  7687,  &c. 
8i  X  14  in. 

7684  PEACE!!! 
Attic  Miscellany. 

Drawn  by  Collings.  EtcM  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  DeC^  J*^  ^79^. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany ,  ii.  108.  Illustration  to  verses.  Seven  men  in 
a  tavern  or  punch-house  discuss  the  Convention  with  Spain.  Four  are 
seated  at  a  rectangular  table  (r.) :  one  (1.)  declaims  angrily,  a  paper  inscribed 
Revolution  Society  protrudes  from  his  pocket ;  before  him  is  the  Gazetteer. 
His  vis-a-vis,  with  The  TimeSy  appears  pleased ;  a  paper  inscribed  Pension 
protrudes  from  his  pocket.  A  naval  officer  seated  next  him  has  an  expres- 
sion of  disgust.  The  fourth  man  watches  the  member  of  the  Revolution 
Society  with  amusement.  A  military  officer  leans  on  the  back  of  the  high 
seat,  reading  with  a  smile  a  paper  headed  Guards  Remanded.  Behind  (1.) 
a  man  stands  with  his  back  to  the  fire,  with  a  discontented  expression ;  a 
Contract  protrudes  from  his  pocket  (cf.  No.  7676).  On  the  r.  in  back  view 
is  a  man  pointing  to  Nootka  Sound  on  a  map  of  the  Pacific  Ocean ;  in  his 
hand  is  the  Gazette.  Other  placards  on  the  wall  are :  [i]  Navy  Office  All 
who  are  willing  to  Contract .  .  .  (torn).  [2]  A  print  of  the  R  Hon^  W^  Pitt^ 
the  head  torn  off.  [3]  A  play-bill,  Theatre  Royal  Much  ado  about  Nothing  by 
M^  Pitt  M^  Grenville  M^  Dundas  [the  names  just  legible] . . .  Provocation.  [4] 
Bounty  Discontinued.  On  the  floor  a  dog  befouls  a  paper  inscribed  Convention. 

For  the  Convention  with  Spain  see  No.  7687,  &c. 

Part  of  the  plate  was  reissued  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine,  i  Oct. 
1794,  see  vol.  vii. 
6fx8iin.  B.M.L.  P.P.  5255  c. 

7685  DON  DISMALLO  RUNNING  THE  LITERARY  GANTLET. 

[?H.W.]  ^' 

London  Pu¥  Dec'  i.  1790.  by  W""  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street. 
Lately  Pu¥  The  Knight  of  the  Woeful  Countenance  going  to  extirpate 
the  National  Assembly. — Frontispiece  to  Reflections  on  the  French 

703 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Revolution — Don  Dismallo  embracing  his  beautiful  vision  in  France — 
Country  Dance — Pulpit  Extravaganzas  &c.  &c. 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  in 
Europe  of  Caricatures.  Admitt"  one  Shilling, 

Burke,  stripped  to  the  waist  and  wearing  a  fool's  cap  is  flogged  and  other- 
wise threatened  by  those  who  had  written  against  his  Reflections ^  see  No. 
7675,  &c. ;  they  are  identified  by  names  etched  below  them.  He  runs  in 
profile  to  the  r.,  his  hands  shackled  and  clasped  in  supplication,  and  is 
dressed  in  the  fringed  trousers,  decorated  with  large  buttons,  of  the  clown 
or  fool.   Behind  him  (1.)  are  three  persons  with  scourges :  on  the  extreme 

1.  Miss  H.  M.  W s  [Helen  Maria  Williams]  stands  in  profile  to  the  r., 

saying.  Though  I  decline  shivering  lances  in  this  glorious  cause  I  think  I  made 
him  feel  the  full  force  of  a  Cat-o-nine  tails!  She  stands  passively,  to  indicate 
that  she  had  not  directly  attacked  Burke,  but  is  an  ardent  supporter  of  the 

French  Revolution.  Next  her  stands  D^  P e  (Price),  urging  on  a  wonxan 

who  is  violently  scourging  Burke;  he  says,  Cut  the  Jesuitical  Monster  in 
pieces!  cut  him  to  the  bone!  Ohy  what  a  glorious  Sacrifice  to  true  religion  and 
the  rights  of  Humanity.    Price's  famous  sermon,  see  No.  7629,  &c.,  had 

moved  Burke  to  write  his  book.  M^^  B d  (Barbauld)  answers,  Let  me 

aloncy  Doctor  for  exertion  in  this  business;  the  most  incorrigible  Urchin  in  my 
School  never  felt  from  my  hands  what  this  Assassin  of  Liberty  shall  now  feel! 

Burke,  fleeing  from  Mrs.  Barbauld,  appeals  to  Sheridan,  saying,  For 

God's  sake  Sherry  be  merciful.    Sheridan  {S n),  standing  in  profile  to 

the  1.,  and  holding  a  scourge,  answers,  V II  give  you  a  receipt  in  full  by  and 
byy  old  Loyola  (cf.  No.  6026).  Beside  Sheridan  stands  Justice,  holding  her 
sword  and  scales,  the  three  feathers  in  her  helmet  resembling  those  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales.  Next,  turning  her  back  on  Burke,  walks  Liberty,  holding 
the  staff  and  cap  of  Liberty ^  arm-in-arm  with  an  aged  and  ragged  man,  bald 
with  a  long  beard  and  bare-legged,  who  carries  a  banner  divided  into  four 
quarters  in  which  are  scenes  relating  to  the  taking  of  the  Bastille.  (He 
appears  to  be  the  aged  prisoner  (Whyte)  who  was  found  there,  depicted 
in  No.  7550.^)  [i]  Above  is  the  attack  on  the  (intact)  fortress.  [2]  Next, 
two  soldiers,  one  with  a  torch,  discover  an  aged  man  seated  chained  in  a 
dungeon.  [3]  Below  is  a  mob  carrying  two  heads  on  pikes,  a  body  hangs 
from  a  gibbet.  [4]  Next  is  a  procession  in  a  crowded  amphitheatre,  repre- 
senting the  fete  of  the  Federation  on  the  first  anniversary  of  the  fall  of  the 
Bastille  (cf.  No.  7661).    On  the  extreme  r.,  vnth  raised  scourge,  stands 

M"  M y  G m  (Macaulay  Graham),  looking  at  Burke.    She  says. 

Tickle  may  do  as  he  pleases  with  the  pen y  but  I  am  determined  to  tickle  to  some 
tune  with  this  instrument  in  my  hands!  The  hypocrisy  of  Cromwell  was  nothing 
to  this  turn  a  bout!  She  wrote  (anonymously)  'Observations  on  the  Reflec- 
tions of  the  Right  Hon.  Edmund  Burke  on  the  Revolution  in  France,  in 
a  Letter  to  the  Earl  of  Stanhope'.   (For  her  marriage  to  Graham  see  No. 

5598.)    Between  her  and  the  Bastille  prisoner  stands  H e  T ke 

(Home  Tooke),  holding  a  scourge  and  turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the  1. 
He  says,  Cromwell^  madam^  was  a  Saintj  when  compared  with  this  Literary 
Lucifer.   The  three  literary  ladies  wear  tricolour  ribbons  or  favours. 

An  anonymous  'Letter  to  .  .  .  Burke.   By  a  Member  of  the  Revolution 

»  He  is  identified  by  Mr.  Hawkins  as  Lord  George  Gordon,  actually  imprisoned 
in  Newgate  for  {inter  alia)  a  libel  on  Marie  Antoinette.  Gordon,  however,  is  never 
depicted  as  aged  and  ragged;  the  absence  of  an  engraved  name  also  makes  the 
identification  improbable. 

704 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

Society',  1790  is  perhaps  here  attributed  to  Home  Tooke.  Walpole  writes, 
20  Dec.  1790,  Burke's  *foes  show  how  deeply  they  are  wounded  by  their 
abusive  pamphlets.  Their  Amazonian  allies,  headed  by  Kate  Macaulay 
and  the  virago  Barbauld,  whom  Mr.  Burke  calls  our  poissardeSj  spit  their 
rage  at  eighteenpence  a  head  .  .  .'.  Letters^  xiv.  345.  Mrs.  Barbauld's 
pamphlet  does  not  appear  in  her  Works  or  in  the  B.M.L.  Catalogue  under 
her  name.  Burke  was  also  answered  by  Mrs.  Wollstonecraft's  Vindication 
of  the  Rights  of  Man.  1790. 

Reproduced,  Social  England^  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  614. 
io|X23jin. 

7686  SMELLING  OUT  A  RAT ;— OR— THE  ATHEISTICAL-REVO- 
TIONIST  DISTURBED  IN  HIS  MIDNIGHT  "CALCULATIONS". 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec  3^  lygo  by  H  Humphrey  N°  i8  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Dr.  Price  (r.),  seated 
in  an  armchair  at  a  small  writing-desk,  turns  in  horror  towards  a  vision 
emerging  from  clouds  (1.) :  Burke  is  represented  by  an  enormous  spectacled 
nose  which  rests  on  the  back  of  Price's  chair  and  by  two  gigantic  hands, 
one  holding  a  crown,  the  other  a  cross,  both  of  which  are  surrounded  by 
star-shaped  haloes.  The  spectacles  support  (between  the  crown  and  the 
cross) :  Reflections  on  the  Revolution  in  France,  and  on  the  Proceedings  in 
certain  Societies  in  London,  by  the  R^  hon^^^  Edmund  Burke.  Price's  pen 
drops  from  his  hand;  the  paper  before  him  is  headed  On  the  Benifits  of 
Anarchy  Regicide  Atheism.  The  table  is  lit  by  a  lamp  with  a  naked  flame 
and  reflector.  Against  his  chair  leans  an  open  book :  Treatise  on  the  ill  effects 
of  Order  &  Government  in  Society,  and  on  the  absurdity  of  serving  God,  & 
honoring  the  King.  Beside  it  lies  a  pamphlet :  Sermon  preached  Nov^  4  lySg. 
by  D*"  R.  Price,  before  the  Revolution  Society.  On  the  wall  above  Price's 
head  is  a  picture :  Death  of  Charles  P^  or,  the  Glory  of  Great  Britain ;  a 
headsman  raises  his  axe  to  smite  the  King  whose  head  is  on  the  block; 
men  with  pikes  are  indicated  in  the  background.  After  the  title  is  etched : 
Vide.  A  troubled — conscience. 

One  of  many  prints  on  Burke's  famous  'Reflections . . .',  see  No.  7675,  &c. 
For  Price's  sermon,  which  moved  Burke  to  write,  see  No.  7629,  &c.  The  title 
satirizes  the  calculations  published  by  Price  on  the  population  of  England 
(which  he  found  to  be  declining,  cf.  No.  5864)  and  also  on  the  sinking  fund. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  123.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  45. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830.  Copy  by  Fairholt,  Wright,  Caricature  Hist,  of 
the  Georges  [1868],  p.  452. 
9}Xi3|in.  (pi.). 

7687  RATIFICATION  OF  THE  CONVENTION. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Dec  &^  lygo 

Engraving.  Pitt  (r.),  very  thin  and  elongated,  kneels  to  kiss  the  bared 
posterior  of  a  fierce-looking  Spanish  don,  who  stoops,  supporting  himself 
on  the  point  of  a  sword  inscribed  Compensation.  Pitt  lifts  the  Spaniard's 
cape  with  his  r.  hand;  in  his  1.  he  holds  a  document:  Estimate  3,072  114- 

705  zz 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

g-8  For  asserta-ining  restrictions  on  a  Trade  before  Unlimited.  The 
Spaniard  looks  round  with  a  satisfied  glare;  his  extravagantly  long 
moustaches  extend  from  both  sides  of  his  face.  The  scene  is  the  sea-shore. 
In  the  background  (r.)  are  ships  at  anchor  in  a  cove ;  a  group  of  defenceless 
Englishmen  stands  facing  a  body  of  Spaniards  with  drawn  swords;  the 
leader,  who  holds  an  axe,  says.  You  shall  erect  no  Huts  here.  Near  the 
horizon  (1.)  are  two  ships  inscribed  We  must  not  go  any  nearer.  By  the  shore 
(1.)  dolphin-like  fish  raise  heads  from  the  water,  saying,  You  II  not  catch 
us  for  we  are  within  Ten  leagues y  and  You* II  not  pick  our  Bones  this  time  M^ 
Jack  Bull— Thanks  to  Billy. 

By  the  Convention  with  Spain  which  settled  the  Nootka  Sound  crisis 
(see  No.  7645,  &c.)  on  terms  favourable  to  England  (thus  laying  the  founda- 
tions of  British  Columbia),  it  was  agreed  that  to  prevent  illicit  trade  with 
Spanish  settlements,  the  British  should  not  fish  within  ten  leagues  from 
the  coasts  already  occupied  by  Spain.  The  British,  though  excluded  from 
making  settlements  to  the  south  of  the  Pacific  coasts  and  islands  already 
occupied  by  Spain,  were  allowed  to  erect  temporary  huts  for  the  purposes 
of  their  fishery.  Ann.  Reg.y  1790,  pp.  303-5.  (Text  of  the  Convention.) 
The  print  falsely  implies  that  these  restrictions  were  imposed  on  the 
Nootka  Sound  settlement.  The  Convention  was  attacked  by  the  Opposition 
(especially  by  Lansdowne  and  Fox)  as  the  unmeaning  conclusion  of  unpro- 
voked bullying,  which  had  failed  to  secure  adequate  reparation,  had  led 
to  an  increase  in  the  debt  of  three  millions,  and  had  been  designed  to 
influence  the  general  election.  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  933-1003  (debates  of 
13  and  14  Dec).  The  Convention,  however,  was  popular  and  was  the 
subject  of  a  loyal  address  of  thanks  and  congratulations  from  the  City  to 
the  King,  see  No.  7680.  It  was  a  diplomatic  triumph  for  Pitt.  See  J.  T. 
Stoker,  Pitt  et  la  Rev.  frangaise^  Paris,  1935,  pp.  40-7;  Rose,  Pitt  and 
National  Revival,  191 1,  Ch.  xxv.  See  also  Nos.  7674  A,  7676,  7677,  7681, 
7682,  7683,  7684,  7821,  7842,  7871. 
6f  Xiof  in. 

7688    DON    DISMALLO    AMONG    THE    GRASSHOPPERS    IN 
FRANCE 

[?H.  W.] 

London:  Pu¥  Dec  10.  lygo  by  W""  Holland  N""  50  Oxford  Street. 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Caricature  Drawings  and  Prints.  Admittance — one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Burke,  as  Don  Quixote,  dressed  as  in 
No.  7678,  &c.,  is  surrounded  by  a  crowd  of  French  people  who  insult  him 
and  drag  him  towards  a  gibbet-like  lamp-post  (r.).  The  women  take  the 
more  active  part :  one  holds  a  rope  round  his  neck,  and  drags  him  towards 
the  improvised  gallows  to  which  she  points.  From  it  hangs  a  book :  Burke 
on  the  French  Revolution ;  a  woman  stands  on  a  ladder  leaning  against  the 
gibbet,  clenching  her  fist,  and  holding  out  her  r.  arm  towards  Burke. 
Another  woman  (1.)  waves  Burke's  death's-head  biretta  and  places  a 
chamber-pot  on  his  head;  the  displaced  owl  flies  away.  A  woman  (1.)  has 
taken  his  long  spear  and  pricks  him  with  it ;  he  capers  with  pain.  On  the 
r.  is  a  group  of  Frenchmen  waving  their  hats  and  cheering  the  punishment. 
Conspicuous  among  them  is  a  lean  man  wearing  a  bonnet  rouge,  apron  and 
sabots,  and  a  frilled  shirt,  his  hair  in  an  extravagantly  long  queue.   The 

706 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1790 

women  have  short  petticoats,  some  are  peasants  or  market-women ;  some 
wear  tricolour  ribbons  in  their  caps. 

For  Burke's  *  Reflections  .  .  .*  see  No.  7675,  &c. 
8fxi3  in. 

7689  SUBLIME  AND  BEAUTIFUL  REFLECTIONS  ON  THE 
FRENCH  REVOLUTION,  OR  THE  MAN  IN  THE  MOON  AT 
LARGE. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Denty  Dec  14  lygo^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  a  circle,  the  lower  arc  of 
which  is  filled  by  a  crescent  moon  lying  on  its  back.  The  crescent  supports 
a  rectangular  table  behind  which  sits  Burke,  pen  in  hand,  his  arms  out- 
stretched, a  broken  chain  hanging  from  each  wrist.  He  says.  By  Vision 
Celestial  and  Fury  Infernal  I'll  give  them  a  Crown  Touch.  Before  him  are 
an  ink-pot  and  an  open  Pam — phlet.  On  the  cloth,  inscribed  French 
Revolution y  which  covers  the  table  is  a  figure  with  the  staff  and  cap  of 
Liberty  in  her  r.  hand,  a  royal  crown  in  her  1. ;  she  tramples  on  a  partly 
nude  man  who  holds  a  broken  chain  and  emblems  of  torture.  In  each 
corner,  outside  the  circle,  is  an  inscription  expressing  Burke's  (changing) 
principles : 

NEW  MOON.  The  People  have  no  Right  to  new  form  a  Constitution — they 
should  look  up  with  awe  to  Kings  and  with  affection  to  Parliament  &c. 
FIRST  QUARTER  The  influence  of  the  Crown  ought  to  he  diminished — The 
Commons  was  designed  as  a  controul  for  the  People — /  see  no  other  way  for 
the  preservation  of  a  decent  attention  to  public  Interest  in  the  representations 
but  the  Interposition  of  the  People  itself  &c 

FULL  MOON  Hurled  by  Providence  from  the  Throne  [see  No.  7627] — The 
Right  is  not  in  the  People — Three  skips  of  a  louse  &c.  &c.  &c.  &c.  &c, 
(Citations  from  Burke's  speeches  on  the  Regency  Question,  see  No. 
7499,  &c.) 

LAST  QUARTER.  Kings  and  Crowns  should  be  held  Sacred!  1 1  Heavenly  Vision 
— Furies  of  Hell — Cauldron  of  the  Old  Jewry  &c.  &c.  &c.  &c.  &c. 

Beneath  the  crescent  is  etched :  N.B.  The  Man,  as  well  as  the  Moon  may 
be  expected  to  continue  his  changes  till  fixt  by  a  Total  Eclipse.  Beneath  the 
title  is  etched,  but  partly  obliterated :  Reason  to  Madness  is  near  allied  [cf. 
No.  7529]. 

Price's  famous  sermon,  which  evoked  Burke's  'Reflections  .  .  .',  was 
preached  at  the  Meeting  House  in  the  Old  Jewry,  see  No.  7629,  &c.  For 
other  satires  on  Burke's  book  see  No.  7675,  &c. ;  for  his  supposed  incon- 
sistency. No.  7854,  &c. 
Circle,  diam.  8|  in.  PI.  ii|X9|  in. 

7690  THE  DOCTOR  INDULGED  WITH  HIS  FAVORITE  SCENE 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  Dec  J2  [?  1790]  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  where  may 
be  seen  the  compleatest  collection  of  caracatures  in  the  Kingdom 
admitance  i  shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   Doctor  Price  (1.),  kneeling  on  a  royal 

*  Written  on  the  print  in  an  old  hand. 

707 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

crown,  looks  through  a  peep-hole  into  the  royal  bedroom  at  Versailles, 
where  rufHans  are  searching  for  the  Queen.  The  design  is  divided  into 
two  portions  by  the  wall  through  which  Price  looks ;  a  demon  sits  on  his 
back  clutching  him  round  the  body  with  his  claws,  and  holding  back  a 
curtain  which  covers  the  peep-hole ;  in  his  r.  hand  he  holds  up  a  fleur-de-lis 
sceptre ;  he  says,  Oh  quel  Beau  Jour.  Price,  his  hands  folded  in  prayer, 
turns  his  head  to  the  r.,  looking  up  sanctimoniously  and  saying.  Lord  now 
lettest  thou  thy  Servant  depart  in  peace  for  mine  Eyes  have  Seen. 

Within  the  room  three  ruffians  (1.)  are  slashing  and  probing  the  bed  and 
pillows  with  (respectively)  a  sword,  dagger,  and  pitchfork.  One  says  Alons 
le  Due  [d 'Orleans]  nous  payerons  Nohlement  pour  ceci.  A  man  kneeling  on 
the  ground  (1.)  fires  a  pistol  under  the  bed  and  hits  a  chamber-pot  (r.). 
A  man  (r.)  holding  up  a  sword,  raises  the  lid  of  a  close-stool,  saying. 
Here  she  is.  On  the  1.  a  man  cuts  to  pieces  a  H.L.  portrait  of  Louis  XVI. 
Through  the  open  door  (r.)  Marie  Antoinette  in  a  night-dress  with  bare  feet 
escapes  down  a  staircase.  Below  the  title  is  inscribed :  Is  this  a  Triumph 
to  be  consecrated  at  alters?  to  be  commemorated  with  grateful  thanksgiving! 
to  be  offered  to  the  divine  humanity  with  fervent  prayer  &  enthusiastick 
ejaculation? — These  Theban  &  Thracian  Orgies j  acted  in  France ^  and 
applauded  only  in  the  OLD  JEWRY  vide  Reflections  on  the  Revolution  page 
loy. 

A  satire  on  Price's  famous  sermon  *0n  the  Love  of  our  Country',  4  Nov. 
1789,  when  he  said :  *I  could  almost  say,  Lord,  now  lettest  thou  thy  servant 
depart  in  peace,  for  mine  eyes  have  seen  thy  salvation  .  .  .  after  sharing 
in  the  benefits  of  two  revolutions,  I  have  been  spared  to  be  a  witness  to 
two  other  revolutions,  both  glorious.'  Burke  in  his  Reflections  applied 
these  words  to  the  riot  and  carnage  of  6  Oct.  1789,  when  the  Queen's  bed- 
room was  stormed  and  ransacked  by  the  Paris  mob  who  murdered  two 
gardes  du  corps ;  Price  maintained  that  he  alluded  to  the  fall  of  the  Bastille. 
For  Burke's  book  see  No.  7675,  &c.  For  Price's  sermon  see  Nos.  7629, 
7858.   For  the  attack  on  Versailles  see  No.  7668,  &c. 

9X13  J  in. 

7691  A  WOULD-BE  CROMWELL,  TOOKE^  HORNE^  MAD  AT- 
TEMPTING TO  DISPERSE  THE  SHORT  PARLIAMENT  DEC^  1790 

Pub  Dec''  18  lygo  by  W  S  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scene  in  the  House 
of  Conmions:  Home  Tooke  (H.L.)  rises  through  the  floor  in  front  of  the 
table  holding  a  torch  and  a  dark-lantern.  The  table  is  covered  by  a  large 
package,  inscribed  Petition  of  Home  Tooke,  which  is  the  centre  of  an 
explosion  (fired  by  Tooke 's  torch)  indicated  by  rays  extending  over  the 
design  in  all  directions,  and  blowing  off  the  hat  and  wig  of  the  Speaker 
(Addington),  who  calls  out  Order.  These  rays  are  inscribed  (1.)  Cattle,  Riff- 
raff, Hirelings,  (r.)  Oxen,  Asses,  Creatures.  Pitt  (1.)  stands  legs  astride, 
his  arms  extended,  haughtily  deprecating  the  confusion,  his  head  thrown 
back  with  a  contemptuous  expression.  Lord  Hood,  crouching  on  the 
ground,  looks  through  his  legs,  as  if  taking  cover.  Pepper  Arden  has  risen 
behind  Pitt,  and  says.  Truth  is  a  libel.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  House 
Sheridan  lies  prone,  as  if  he  had  fallen  in  an  attempt  to  escape ;  he  turns 
his  head  to  say,  This  place  is  become  quite  a  School  for  Scandal.  Fox,  struck 

*  The  final  e's  are  scored  through  but  left  legible. 

708 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1790 

by  the  full  force  of  the  explosion,  falls  backwards.  Behind  sits  Burgoyne, 
leaning  forward  and  saying  Encore!  Encore!  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

A  few  days  since  Margaret  Nicholson  who  had  found  means  to  escape  from 
her  confinement  in  the  disguise  of  an  excommunicated  parson  procured  admission 
in  to  the  H —  of  C —  and  concealed  herself  under  the  mace  with  a  dark 
lanthorn  in  her  pockety  having  by  stealth  laid  what  appeared  a  petition  upon 
the  table  but  which  proved  to  be  a  vast  bundle  of  combustibles^  these  from  her 
concealment  she  Took  an  opportunity  to  set  on  fire  which  going  off^  produced 
a  most  alarming  explosion  but  fortunately  did  no  other  mischief  than  that  of 
overturning  several  members  on  both  sides  of  the  house  and  leaving  a  most 
horrible  stinky  from  which  last  circumstance  and  her  appearing  like  a  parson 
many  of  the  country  gentlemen  as  she  passed  them  pronounced  her  to  be  the 
devily  indeed  some  of  them  declared  that  they  distinctly  saw  her  tail  through 
a  rent  in  her  breeches. 

Home  Tooke,  having  appeared  as  a  candidate  at  the  Westminster 
election,  see  No.  7638,  &c.,  petitioned  Parliament  against  the  return  of 
Fox  and  Hood,  attacking  the  House  of  Commons  as  not  fairly  elected  and 
therefore  having  *a  bias  and  interest  against  a  fair  and  real  representation 
of  the  people'.  The  petition  was  presented  by  Martin  on  9  Dec,  and  was 
denounced  as  'an  outrage  upon  decency'  and  libellous.  Pitt  admitted  this, 
but  thought  it  would  be  'descending  too  low'  to  notice  its  character  at  all. 
As  an  election  petition  it  was,  with  the  approval  of  Pitt  and  Fox,  referred 
to  a  committee.  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  921-30.  Stephens,  Memoirs  of  TookCy 
1 81 3,  ii.  90  ff.  See  Nos.  7825,  7892.  For  Margaret  Nicholson  see  No. 
6973,  &c. 

SJXH^in. 


7691  A  An  earlier  impression,  uncoloured,  in  which  some  of  the  inscrip- 
tions are  written  in  ink ;  one  of  these  (over  the  bed)  'Versailles  Ocf — 6— 
1789'  was  not  etched. 

7692  BOSTONIAN  ELECTORS  OF  L SHIRE 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  PF"*  Holland,  iV'  50  Oxford  Street, 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe.  AdmiP^  i  Shilling.  [1790] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  tall  man,  wearing  a  cocked  hat,  walks 
carrying  a  banner  towards  a  barn-like  building  (r.)  which  is  evidently  the 
polling-booth.  He  leads  a  cheering  butcher  by  the  hand  and  is  watched 
and  cheered  by  a  crowd  of  electors,  who  stand  behind  him.  His  fringed 
banner  is  attached  to  a  pike  and  is  inscribed  Sir  Matthew  Mite  (the  nabob 
in  Foote's  play  of  that  name). 

A  satire  on  the  violent  contest  between  General  Smith  (supposed  to  be 
the  original  of  Mite,  see  No.  5352)  and  Fydell  for  the  second  seat  for 
Boston  in  1790.  Fydell  was  elected;  Smith  petitioned,  but  the  petition 
was  compromised,  and  Fydell  admitted.  Oldfield,  Hist,  of  Boroughs ,  1792, 
ii.  219.  Cf.  No.  7693. 

9iXi3jin. 

709 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7693  THE  ALDERMEN  COMMON  COUNCIL  &c.  OF  B N  IN 

LINC E  SIGNING  THE  PETITION  ON  THE  12TH  OF  DECBR 

1790  AGAINST  S^  PETER  B L  WHOM  THEY  HAD  JUST 

ELECTED.  [c.  Dec.  1790] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Men  stand  behind  a  rectangular  table 
on  which  are  a  petition,  bottles,  and  glasses.  They  have  numbers  referring 
to  nicknames  indicating  their  trades,  &c.,  engraved  above  the  design.  A 
very  stout  man  stands  at  the  head  of  the  table  (r.)  about  to  sign,  under  the 
directions  of  the  onlookers,  some  of  whom  are  drinking  and  cheering.  He 
is  14  Hon^^^  Ro¥  Cloggs.  The  others  are :  i  Geo  Allspice,  2  Simon  Primmer^ 
3  Tho"  Hyson,  4  John  Squib,  5  John  Buckles,  6  Tho'  Tinker,  7  W"^  Bluster, 
8  Brandy -Tipstaff,  9  Jn""  Whitebread,  10  Tho^  Varguice,  ii  Moses  Jalap, 
12  Tho^  Fussey,  13  Fra^  Parchment. 

The  borough  of  Boston,  Lincolnshire,  was  remarkable  for  the  con- 
tradictory resolutions  of  the  House  of  Commons  respecting  the  right  of 
election ;  it  was  under  the  influence  of  the  Dukes  of  Ancaster  and  of  the 
corporation,  who  were  controlled  by  Thomas  Fydell,  a  local  wine-merchant ; 
he  represented  it  in  five  successive  parliaments,  the  first  being  that  of  1790. 
Sir  Peter  Burrell  represented  the  Ancaster  interest,  having  married  Lady 
Priscilla  Bertie,  co-heiress  of  the  last  Duke  of  Ancaster,  and  was  elected 
in  1780,  1784,  and  1790.  Oldfield,  Representative  History,  1816,  iv.  160-2. 
Boston  freemen  petitioned  against  Burrell's  return,  14  Dec.  1790,  alleging 
bribery  and  other  corrupt  acts  by  himself  and  his  agents.  They  did  not, 
however,  enter  into  the  required  recognizances  and  the  order  for  hearing 
the  petition  was  discharged. 

A  companion  print  to  No.  7693  A  by  the  same  artist.  Cf.  No.  7692. 
8|x  i2|  in. 

7693a  the  aldermen  common-council  &c  of  b — n  in 

LINC E   on   the   parade   RECEIVING   THE   NEWS   OF 

THEIR  PETITION  BEING  THROWN  OUT.  [c.  Dec.  1790] 

Engraving.   The  fourteen  men  of  No.  7693,  with  the  same  numbers  and 
identifications,  stand  in  a  street  or  market-place;  their  expressions  and 
gestures  show  rage  or  disgust.   The  lawyer,  13,  holds  the  London  Even^ 
Post  and  tells  the  bad  news. 
8ixi2j-in. 

7694  UN  BON  AVERTI  EN  VAUT  DEUX  [1790] 

Engraving.  A  French  print.  Four  women  wearing  classical  draperies  stand 
on  the  sea-shore,  with  Mercury  (r.)  representing  Commerce.  Names  are 
engraved  beneath  the  figures.  On  the  1.  stands  Les  etats  unies  de  VAmerique ; 
she  wears  a  feathered  head-dress,  with  uncovered  breasts,  a  quiver  attached 
to  her  shoulders.  She  holds  a  bow  and  a  paper  inscribed  Demoitie  nous 
serons  ensemble  (she  resembles  the  amazon  (America)  of  No.  5225,  &c.). 
Next  is  a  crowned  woman  with  a  leopard  at  her  feet:  UAngleterre  son 
leopard',  she  holds  out  to  the  r.  a  paper  inscribed  Le  Milord  m' off  re  des 
Richesses.  The  central  figure  is  la  Colonic,  a  figure  resembling  *les  etats 
unies'  and  wearing  a  similar  feathered  head-dress.  She  turns  to  the  r., 
holding  out  a  paper  inscribed  Doux  espoir  de  la  Liber te  Viens  calme[r]  mon 
coeur  agite.   Next  her  stands  France,  crowned,  and  holding  an  oval  shield 

710 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179O 

with  three  fleurs-de-Hs,  inscribed  respectively  la  Nation,  la  Lot,  le  Rot,  and 
the  inscription  la  plus  mauvaise  Paix  est  preferable  a  la  meilleur  Guerre.  She 
also  holds  a  paper  inscribed  le  bonheur  est  de  le  repandre  de  le  verser  sur  les 
Humain.  Beside  her  stands  Mercury,  le  Comercey  holding  out  a  chain  to 
*la  Colonie',  behind  the  back  of  France.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  paper: 

Ne  vas  pas  me  tromper 

Ne  crois  pas  rrCechaper 

Sur  la  terre  et  sur  VOnde 

ma  puissance  s^etend 

etjusqu^au  bout  du  Monde 

Ma  vengence  f  attend. 

Beside  him  lies  his  caduceus.  In  the  background  are  emblems  of  com- 
merce: barrels  and  bales  on  the  sea-shore,  with  ships  near  the  coast. 
Behind  the  United  States  (1.)  is  a  high  wall  and  lighthouse. 

The  exact  meaning  is  obscure:  F.-L.  Bruel  considers  that  the  print 
relates  to  the  freedom  of  trade  established  by  the  peace  of  1783  between 
France  and  the  American  colonies.  The  shield  of  France  shows  that  it  was 
published  during  the  French  Revolution,  and  its  inscription  appears  to 
relate  to  the  appeal  from  Spain  for  assistance  against  England  under  the 
Family  Compact,  see  No.  7660,  &c.,  the  refusal  of  which  was  perhaps 
influenced  by  the  gold  of  Pitt.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  574-81 . 
The  threats  of  Commerce  to  the  French  colonies  may  relate  to  the  risings 
and  civil  war  which  resulted  from  the  first  impact  of  revolutionary  doctrines 
on  the  West  Indies. 

de  Vincky  No.  1206.  An  enlarged  version  is  No.  1207;  this  was  adapted 
in  1793  to  the  relations  between  France  and  England  in  that  year  (cata- 
logued as  No.  1208). 

7695  A  PROVINCIAL  DEPUTY'S  MAIDEN  SPEECH  TO  THE 
NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY.  [?  1790] 

SC  (monogram)  [  ?  Collings.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  deputy  stands  on  a  tribune  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  poised  on  one  toe  and  leaning  on  the  railing;  he  shouts  with  his 
ugly  head  thrown  back,  a  blast  issuing  from  his  mouth.  He  holds  his  hat 
with  his  r.  hand  under  his  1.  arm.  From  his  pocket  protrudes  a  document 
inscribed  L'Art  de  la  Rhetorique.  He  wears  a  long  coat  reaching  almost  to 
his  ankles.  Heads  are  roughly  indicated  in  the  body  of  the  hall,  and  in 
the  gallery  behind  the  head  of  the  deputy,  who  tries  to  be  heard  above  a 
noisy  clamour. 

The  disorder  and  noise  in  the  National  Assembly  impressed  English 
visitors,  cf.  a  letter  of  Lord  Momington  to  Grenville:  'the  confusion  at 
times  surpasses  all  that  ever  has  been  known  since  government  appeared 
in  the  world.'  Hist.  MSS.  Conrni.,  Dropmore  Papers,  i.  609. 

Copy  in  Challamel,  ii.  300,  where  the  text  below  the  design  (apparently 
cut  off  in  No.  7695)  is  quoted:  *]e  dis.  —  Monsieur  le  president.  —  C'est 
a  moi  a  parler.  —  Je  dis.  —  Monsieur.  —  Diable!  —  Mon  Dieu!  —  On  ne 
saurait  s 'entendre  parler.  —  Ecoutez-moi,  je  vous  prie  Monsieur,  —  Je 
dis.  —  Messieurs.  —  Ne  vaudrait-il  pas  mieux  que  ...  —  II  n'importe,  je 
ne  dis  rien.' 
9ftX7iin. 

711 


I790 
PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

7696-7708 

Series  of  Tete-a-Tete  portraits 

7696  N°  XXIV.  THE  UNGRATEFUL  WIFE. 
N°  XXV.  THE  TREACHEROUS  GUEST. 

Londotiy  Puhlishd  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun%  Fleet  Street,  Jan.  i.  lygo. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  531.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
Mr.  S.  and  Mrs.  P.,  taken  from  the  trial  of  Francis  William  Sykes  for 
crim.  con.  v^^ith  the  w^ife  of  John  Parslow.  He  was  the  son  of  Sir  Francis 
Sykes,  see  No.  5351.  He  eloped  with  the  wife  of  a  friend  and  brother- 
officer,  both  being  in  the  dragoons.  Damages  of  ;£  10,000  were  given  to 
Parslow.  (Trial,  B.M.L.  518,  c.  17/10.)  This  made  a  great  sensation,  cf. 
Brasb ridge.  Fruits  of  Experience,  1824,  p.  202. 
Ovals,  2i  X  2|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7697  N°  II.  MISS  TERMAGANT. 
N°  III.  PARSON  PRIGG. 

London  Publish' d  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  i'^  Feb,  lygo. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxi.  579  (Supplement).  Two 
bust  portraits  in  oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  ,\ 
An  account  of  the  Rev.  Charles  Este  as  successively  apothecary,  player, 
and  parson  combined  with  *  scribbler  general  to  a  party'.  Miss  Termagent 
{sic),  a  milliner,  became  maid  to  a  lady  who  wrote  squibs  in  prose  and  verse 
for  Este's  paper  {The  World,  see  No.  7210,  &c.);  she  was  their  go-between 
and  so  met  Este  who  became  infatuated.  Cf.  No.  7779. 
Ovals,  six 2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b 

7698  N°  II.  POLLY  FINCH. 

N°  III.  THE  ROYAL  SAILOR. 

London,  Publishd  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street  i*^  Feb.  lygo. 

Engraving.    Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  9.   Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  *Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  A  short  account 
of  Prince  William  Henry,  and  of  Miss  Polly  Finch  (cf.  No.  7633),  a  girl 
whom  he  removed  from  a  brothel  to  a  private  lodging. 
Ovals,  3  J  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7699  N°V.  THE  BEAUTIFUL  GENEVESE. 
N°VI.  THE  ROYAL  SOLDIER. 

Publish' d  r^  Mar:  lygo,  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.   Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  51.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .\   An  account  of 

712 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

an  amour  carried  on  with  the  greatest  secrecy  between  *the  royal  soldier'  and 
a  lady  who  died.  He  returned  to  his  native  country  without  leave  from  his 
parents;  on  his  brothers'  intercession  he  was  pardoned  on  condition  of 
joining  his  regiment  in  a  distant  fort. 

He  is  Prince  Ernest^  who  returned  without  leave  from  Geneva  in  Jan. 
1790  (see  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.y  Dropmore  Papers^  i.  558)  and  was  at  once 
dispatched  to  Gibraltar.  He  is  the  subject  of  another  Tete-a-tete^  see 
No.  7702. 

Ovals,  3iX2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 


7700  N°  Vni.  ANTONIETTA. 

N°  IX.  THE  THEATRICAL  PEER  OF  BERKS. 

London,  Published  hy  A.  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street  i.  April,  lygo. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  99.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Lord  Barrymore  and  a  French  dancer  whom  he  brought  from  Paris  to 
Wargrave,  where  she  assists  him  in  the  management  of  his  theatre.  For 
the  theatricals  at  Wargrave,  see  Angelo,  Reminiscences,  1904,  i.  232  fF.,  &c. 
and  No.  7993. 

Ovals,  3JX2J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7701  N°XI.  THE  NONPAREIL  OF  PORTSOKEN. 
N°XII.  THE  PREMIER  CIT. 

London  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  i  May,  lygo. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  147.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  *  Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
William  Pickett,  Lord  Mayor  1789-90,  describing  his  attempts  to  secure 
the  demolition  of  Temple  Bar  and  Butcher  Row,  and  his  devotion  to  the 
daughter  of  a  greengrocer. 

Ovals,  3iX2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7702  N°XIV.  THE  FAIR  VIOLETTA. 
N°  XV.  MILITARY  EXILE. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street,  i  June  lygo. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  195.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Prince  Ernest,  and  of  his  education  at  Gottingen.  He  is  said  to  have 
returned  to  England  without  leave,  and  to  have  become  enamoured  at 
Lyons  of  Violetta,  a  strolling  actress ;  his  lack  of  money  forced  him  to  leave 
her  and  return  to  England,  whence  he  was  at  once  dispatched  to  Gibraltar. 
He  is  the  subject  of  another  Tete-a-tete,  see  No.  7699. 

Ovals,  3|X2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

^  Identified  by  Bleackley  as  Orleans  (iSgalite),  the  Genevese  being  Mme  BufFon. 
This  is  clearly  incorrect. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7703  N°XVII.  THE  AMIABLE  LETITIA  LUTESTRING. 
N°  XVIII.  THE  BILLING  BREWER. 

London  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street  i  July  lygo. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxii.  243.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  rich  and  spendthrift  brewer,  well  known  on  the  turf,  at  boxing  matches, 
cricket  matches,  &c.,  and  of  a  courtesan  who  became  his  mistress.  Probably 
Harvey  Combe,  who  umpired  for  Humphries  in  his  fight  with  Mendoza. 
Miles,  Pugilistica,  1789,  p.  73.  See  City  Biography y  1800,  pp.  153-61. 
Ovals,  2jX  3i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7704  N°  XX.  THE  FEMALE  CAPITULATER. 
N°XXI.  THE  DRAGOONING  LOVER. 

London.  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun*  Fleet  Street,  2^  August  lygo. 

Engraving.   Tovm  and  Country  Magazine ^  xxii.  291.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   An  account  of 
Captain  Samuel  Hawker  and  Mrs.  Sophia  Barttelot  nee  Horton  taken  from 
the  trial  for  crim.  con.  (B.M.L.  518, 1.  12/5). 
Ovals,  3iX2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7705  N°  XXIII.  THE  FRAIL  CECILIAN. 
N°XXIV.  THE  REVEREND  ADULTERER 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street ,  i  Sep'  ^790. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxii.  339.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
William  Sneyd,  curate  of  Hanbury,  Worcestershire,  and  Emma,  nee 
Vernon,  wife  of  Henry  Cecil,  M.P.  for  Stamford,  nephew  and  heir  of  the 
Earl  of  Exeter,  taken  from  the  trial  for  crim.  con.  (B.M.L.  518,  1.  12/5). 
Ovals,  3|X2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7706  N°XXVI.  THE  FEMALE  DESERTER. 
N°  XXVII.  THE  CHEMICAL  LOVER. 

London,  Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  i  Oct.  17 go. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  387.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Francis  Newman  and  Lydia,  wife  of  Major  Henry  Sheridan,  taken  from 
the  trial  of  Mrs.  Sheridan  in  Doctors'  Commons.  On  returning  from 
service  in  America  Sheridan  found  that  his  wife  had  eloped  and  was  in 
France  (B.M.L.  518,  c.  18/2). 
Ovals,  2iX3i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7707  N°  XXIX.  THE  WINNING  CLIENT. 
N°  XXX.  THE  SPECIAL  PLEADER. 

Published  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun""  Fleet  Street,  j^  Nov""  lygo. 

Engraving.   Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  435.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   An  account  of 

7H 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     179O 

Mr.  Schoole,  barrister,  and  Alicia  Rybot  (nee  Fowler),  wife  of  Francis 
Thomas  Rybot,  a  silk-mercer  of  Cheapside,  taken  from  the  trial  of  Mrs. 
Rybot  in  Doctors'  Commons  (B.M.L.  518,  c.  18/1). 

Ovals,  3  f  X  2j  in.  B.M.L. ,  P.P.  5442  b. 


7708  N°  XXXII.  THE  VENUS  DE  MEDICIS. 
N°  XXXIII.  THE  CONSULAR  ARTIST. 

Published  i'^  Dec""  lygo  by  A,  Hamilton  Juif  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxii.  483.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  ,\  An  account  of 
Sir  William  Hamilton  and  of  Emma  Hart,  so  inaccurate  that  only  the 
portrait  of  Hamilton  confirms  the  identification.  He  is  said  to  have  been 
celibate  until  he  met  *the  Venus*  in  his  own  sculpture  gallery,  and  was 
struck  by  her  perfect  beauty  and  resemblance  to  the  Venus  de  Medici.  The 
portrait  has  a  certain  resemblance  to  the  engraving  by  W.  Sharp  of  Hamil- 
ton in  a  coat  with  a  furred  collar.  They  are  the  subject  of  a  plate  in  the 
Bon  Ton  Magazine^  i.  243  (i  Oct.  1791):  'The  Diplomatique  Lover  and 
the  Queen  of  Attitudes.' 

Ovals,  3i  X  2 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7709  THE  FORTUNATE  DUELIST. 

Kay.  lygo 

Engraving.  James  Macrae  stands  (r.)  directed  to  the  1.,  firing  a  pistol  held 
horizontally,  his  1.  hand  on  his  hip.  He  wears  a  cocked  hat  and  a  sword. 
Inset  is  a  small  rectangle,  depicting  a  print,  of  the  same  man  in  profile 
to  the  1.  firing  point-blank  at  a  barber's  block  on  a  high  pole.  This  is 
inscribed  Barber  Fecit. 

A  satire  on  the  duel  between  Macrae  and  Sir  George  Ramsay :  Macrae 
had  grossly  insulted  Ramsay  on  account  of  proceedings  taken  against  him 
by  Lady  Ramsay's  servant  whom  he  had  brutally  thrashed  in  the  theatre. 
Ramsay  was  killed.  Macrae  was  an  excellent  shot  and  was  said  to  practise 
by  firing  at  a  barber's  block  which  he  kept  for  the  purpose.  Macrae  fled, 
was  tried  for  murder,  outlawed,  and  died  in  exile. 

*  Collection',  No.  134.   Kay,  No.  xiii. 

7iX4iin.  (pi.). 

7710  CAPTAIN  MORRIS. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub^  July  23^  1790  by  J.  Aitken^  Castle  Street,  Leicester  Square 

Engraving.  Captain  Morris  seated  in  a  chair,  on  a  dinner-table,  singing  a 
song.  His  back  is  to  the  spectator,  his  hea  i  turned  in  profile  to  the  r.  He 
holds  up  a  steaming  punch-bowl  in  his  r.  land,  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  out 
his  hat,  leaning  forward.  He  wears  top-boots.  A  crowd  of  persons  seated 
at  the  singer's  1.  hand  is  indicated,  among  whom  only  Sheridan  ( ?)  and 

715 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

his  neighbour,  and  Fox  are  characterized.  On  the  wall  is  a  lighted  candle 
sconce.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

When  the  fancy  stirring  Bowl 

Wakes  its  World  of  pleasure  y 

Glowing  visions  gild  my  Soul, 

And  Life's  an  endless  treasure. 

(The  opening  lines  of  a  'Drinking  Song'  by  Morris,  Songs  of  Captain  Morris 
complete,  13th  ed.,  1793,  p.  i-)  A  bottle,  glasses  (one  broken),  and  a  pipe 
are  on  the  table. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  118.   Reproduced,  J.  Ashton,  FlorizeVs  Folly,  1899, 
p.  157  (print  dated  July  i,  1789). 
6iX4iin. 

7711  MR  EDWIN  IN  THE  CRUSADE. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  July  2^  1790.  by  J.  Aitken,  Castle  Street 

Engraving.  Edwin,  as  Sir  Troubadour,  stands  directed  to  the  r.,  his  head 
in  profile.  He  wears  armour,  but  his  1.  leg  is  swathed  in  a  bulky  bandage, 
with  a  large  bulging  shoe.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  tall  spear ;  he  bends  forward,  1. 
hand  on  his  hip.  In  the  background  is  a  castle  flying  a  flag  with  a  crescent. 
On  the  first  night,  6  May  1790,  of  this  opera  or  historical  romance  by 
Reynolds,  *Edwin,  who  in  the  second  act  was  to  have  assumed  the  disguise 
of  a  young  Tartar  prince, ...  to  make  love  to  the  heroine,  Constantia,  being 
unable  from  sudden,  and  great  illness,  to  change  his  dress,  actually  wooed 
the  beautiful  Mrs.  Billington  in  tattered  armour  and  flanneV.  Life  and 
Times  of  Frederick  Reynolds,  1826,  ii.  57.  Edwin  died  31  July  1790.  Gent. 
Mag.,  1790,  ii.  1053. 

6|X4|in.(pl.). 

7712-17 

From  a  series  of  theatrical  portraits  in  the  Attic  Miscellany  continued 
from  No.  7590;  see  also  Nos.  7954,  7955,  8179-82. 

7712  A  MONSTROUS  ELEGANT  ATTITUDE! 

Theatrical  Portraiture  N°  2. 
Annihal  Scratch  Fecit 
Puhlishd  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  C°  March  i^^  1790. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  203.  A  thin  tall  actor  walks  (r.  to 
1.)  mincingly  on  the  tips  of  his  toes,  his  arms  folded  behind  his  back,  with 
chapeau  bras,  and  holding  in  his  r.  hand  a  rolled  document.  He  smiles, 
his  head  turned  to  the  spectator,  his  hair  or  wig  projects  in  curls  at  the 
side.  He  is  fashionably  dressed,  wearing  a  cut-away  coat  with  high  collar 
and  shirt  frill.  Below  the  title  is  engraved : 

Ha!  Ha!  Ha!— He!  He!  Damme! 

Cock  a  doodle  do 

He  is  identified  as  Lewis  (Gentleman  Lewis),  said  to  be  *the  most  com- 
plete fop  on  the  stage',  and  called  by  Hazlitt  *gay,  fluttering,  hare-brained 

716 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

Lewis  .  .  .'.  In  the  text  he  is  criticized  as  playing  for  the  gallery,  his  men  of 

quality  having  the  airs  of  footmen. 

4iX3|in. 

7713  WHAT  NATURE  OUGHT  TO  BE! 

Theatrical  Portraiture  N°  3. 
Annibal  Scratch  Fecit 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  C''  April  j*'  1790. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  247.  A  satire  on  Edwin  (Edwy 
Lingo).  An  actor  stands  on  the  stage  smiling,  his  head  turned  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  r.  arm  outstretched,  1.  hand  on  his  hip.  His  wig  projects  grotesquely 
at  the  back ;  his  dress  is  old-fashioned  with  full-skirted  coat  and  wide  cuffs. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  : 

What  a What  a What  a 

Tippy,  Twaddle,  Gammon,  Quiz.!  (Cf.  No.  6958.) 

Lingo  was  a  part  in  O'Keefe's  musical  farce  Agreeable  Surprize  (Hay- 
market  1781),  excellently  played  by  Edwin.   Baker,  Biog.  Dram, 
4|X3f  in. 

7714  AN  ACTOR  OF  QUICK  CONCEPTIONS. 

Theatrical  Portraiture  N'^  4,  King  Dick. 
Annabal  Scratch  Fecit. 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  C""  June  i'^  1790. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  328.  A  stout  actor  in  quasi- 
Tudor  dress,  wearing  an  ermine-trimmed  tunic  with  a  star,  straddles  on 
the  stage  in  a  swaggering  attitude,  a  sword  in  his  hand,  his  head  turned 
in  profile  to  the  1.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

Of  one  or  both  of  us,  the  time  is  come 
Cackle  Cackle! 

A  satire  on  Quick's  performance  of  Richard  III  for  his  benefit,  Covent 
Garden,  6  Apr.  1790.   He  attempted  to  play  the  part  seriously,  under  the 
delusion  that  he  could  play  tragedy.  D.N.B. 
4iX3jin. 

7715  HOW  TO  LOOK  AMOUROUSLY. 

[Theatrical  Portraiture  N"  5.] 
[Annibal  Scratch  Fecit] 
[Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C""  July  V*  1790.] 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  365.  The  inscriptions  in  brackets 
have  been  omitted  or  erased  and  are  supplied  from  the  magazine.  An 
actor,  fashionably  dressed,  but  of  rather  vulgar  appearance,  kneels  on  the 
1.  knee,  his  r.  leg  thrust  straight  forwards;  his  r.  hand  is  on  his  breast,  his 
1.  arm  is  extended  behind  him. 

He  is  satirized  as  desirous  of  playing  genteel  comedy  instead  of  farce, 

717 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  is  probably  Bannister  Junior  (see  below) :  there  is  a  resemblance  to 
the  stipple  portrait  of  John  Bannister  as  Ben  the  Sailor,  pub.  i6  June 
1 79 1  (Burney  Theatrical  Portraits). 
The  plate  was  reissued,  i  Sept.  1795,  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine, 

iv.  265,  with  the  same  title  and  without  imprint.  'Young  B '  is  advised 

not  to  over-act  though  he  has  much  merit  as  a  comedian. 
4|X3jin. 

7716  HOW  TO  HARROW  UP  THE  SOUL  


Theatrical  Portraiture  N°  6. 
Annabal  Scratch  Fecit 
Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C°  August  i"^  1790. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  407.  Mrs.  Siddons  stands  in  a 
stiff  and  rather  awkward  pose,  r.  arm  extended,  1.  hand  on  her  breast,  r. 
foot  extended,  leaning  slightly  to  the  1.  and  looking  up  to  the  r.  In  her  hair 
are  feathers  and  a  long  piece  of  drapery ;  she  wears  a  tight  bodice  with  a 
fluted  basque.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  Oh h hi. 

She  is  accused  of  playing  mechanically,  always  with  the  same  gestures, 
&c.,  and  of  refusing  to  play  in  benefits  for  poor  performers,  cf.  No.  6712. 

Reproduced,  E.  Sitwell,  Bath,  1932,  p.  248. 

4iiX3|m. 

7717  THE  COMIC  MUSE,  BY  GOLES! 

Theatrical  Portraiture  N°  7. 
Annabal  Scratch  Fecit 
Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  Nov^  i'*  lygo. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  38.  Mrs.  Jordan  in  profile  to 
the  r.,  runs  forward  smiling,  her  hands  behind  her  back.  She  wears  a 
simple  dress,  a  sash  round  her  waist;  her  hair  curls  loosely  on  her  neck. 
She  is  evidently  Priscilla  Tomboy  in  The  Romp,  her  attitude  resembling 
that  in  No.  6875. 

Reissued  with  the  title  M*^*  J n  as  a  Hoyden  and  the  imprint: 

Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 
4iiX3|in. 

7718  HOW  TO  GAMMON  TWELVE  MEN,  AFTER  DINNER. 

Legal  Portraiture  N°  i. 
Annibal  Scratch  Fecit 
Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  C"  Octr  i.  1790, 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  27.  A  barrister,  tall  and  slim, 
wearing  wig,  gown,  and  bands,  stands  with  his  hands  thrust  into  his  waist- 
coat, his  head  turned  to  the  r.,  as  if  making  a  speech.  Behind  him  on  a 
draped  table  is  an  open  book  inscribed  Law. 

Identified  in  an  old  hand  as  Mr.  Garrow.    The  inscription  suggests 
Edward  Law,  then  prominent  as  counsel  for  Warren  Hastings.  Portraits 
of  both  Garrow  and  EUenborough  support  either  identification.   For  this 
series  see  also  Nos.  7719,  7956. 
4iX3f  in. 

718 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     179O 

7719  A  PUGILISTIC  ARGUMENT. 

Legal  Portraiture  N°  2. 

Annihal  Scratch  Fecit 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  Dec\i^  1790. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany ,  ii.  105.  A  stout  barrister  with 
heavy  eyebrows,  in  wig  and  long  gown,  stands  at  a  draped  table  looking 
to  the  1.,  his  clenched  fist  raised,  his  1.  hand  in  his  waistcoat  pocket.   He 

is  Mr ,  one  of  the  triumvirate  *who  take  the  lead  in  all  trials 

of  consequence  .  .  .\  He  has  not  much  eloquence  but  is  skilled  in  cross- 
examination.  His  political  attitude  was  doubtful  until,  despairing  of  court 
favour,  he  attended  the  late  dinner  commemorating  the  French  Revolution. 
Perhaps  Edward  Bearcroft,  K.C.,  M.P.  for  Hindon.  For  this  series  see 
also  Nos.  7718,  7956. 

5i6X3fm. 

7720  [UNIDENTIFIED  CARICATURE  PORTRAIT.] 

Puh.  July  24.  lygo.  hy  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.   H.L.  portrait  of  a  man  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  a  hat.  He 

has  a  long  nose  and  underhung  jaw. 

9ix6Jin.(pl.). 

7721  LIEUT  GOVERR  GALL-STONE,  INSPIRED  BY  ALECTO; 
—OR— THE  BIRTH  OF  MINERVA. 

James  Gillray  design,  et  fed — Puh^  FeJp  i^^  ^79^-  ^y  H.  Humphrey 
N°  18,  Old  Bond  Street. 

Aquatint.  Philip  Thicknesse  writes  at  a  table;  he  listens  to  Alecto  who 
whispers  slyly  in  his  ear,  her  r.  hand  on  his  r.  shoulder;  she  is  seated  partly 
on  his  knee  partly  on  a  cloud  behind  him  which  rises  from  the  jaws  of 
Hell,  the  gaping  mouth  of  a  monster  in  the  lower  r.  corner  of  the  design. 
Alecto  (as  in  No.  7889)  is  a  winged  hag,  with  hair  of  writhing  serpents,  one 
of  which  coils  round  Thicknesse 's  r.  arm,  its  poisoned  fang  touching  the 
tip  of  his  pen.  He  is  seated  on  a  close-stool  inscribed  Reservoir  for  Gall 
Stones.  An  explosion  issues  from  the  crown  of  his  head  in  the  centre  of 
which  is  Minerva  who  is  shot  into  the  air  surrounded  by  books  written 
by  Thicknesse.  She  is  a  classical  figure  in  back  view ;  her  head  is  the  source 
of  a  billowing  pillar  of  smoke  which  conceals  it.  In  her  r.  hand  she  supports 
a  gun,  which  rests  on  her  hip,  and  is  inscribed  The  Coward's  delight  or,  the 
Wooden  Gun.  On  her  1.  arm  is  an  oval  shield,  cracked  and  bordered  with 
serpents,  inscribed:  Acts  of  Courage  and  Wisdom.  Running  away  from  my 
Command  in  Jamaica,  for  fear  of  the  Black-a-moors  Refusing  to  fight  Lord 
Orzvell,  after  belying  him;  &  afterwards  begging  pardon.  Extorting  100  p^ 
Annum  from  my  eldest  Son  by  a  Pistol — Swindling  my  youngest  son  Phil: 
out  of  £,500jC  by  a  forged  Note  of  Hand — Debauching  my  own  Neice,  on  a 
journey  to  Southampton — Horsewhipping  my  own  Daughter  to  death  for  look- 
ing out  at  Window.  Attempting  to  gull  Lord  Thurl[ow]  Extorting  £100  p' 
Annum  from  Lord  Camd[en]for  suppressing  his  confidential  Letters  to  myself. 
Gulling  of  Lord  But: — ^D"  Lord  Bathu: — D"  Lord  Coven:  Causing  my  Foot- 
man to  be  pressed  from  Bath  &  cruelly  Flogg'dfor  refusing  to  Father  my  own 

719 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Child  by  the  Cook  Maid  Scandalizing  Women  of  Virtue ^  to  he  revenged  upon 
their  Husbands: — Noble  defence  before  the  Court  Martial  for  embezzling  the 
Kings  Stores; — Patient  endurance  of  my  Sentence  in  a  Goal: — and  heroic 
bearing  of  my  discharge  from  the  Service  for  Cowardice. 

Beside  Minerva  (r.)  is  her  owl,  flying  towards  the  spectator  and  holding 
three  papers:  [i]  Character ^  by  Sam  Foote.  Phill:  is  as  stupid  as  an  Owl; 
as  senseless  as  a  Goose;  as  vulgar  as  a  Blackguard;  &  as  cowardly  as  a  Dung- 
hill Cock — vide  own  Mem.  [2]  Poetry^  on  the  Lieut.  Gover^  receiving  Lord 
Orwells  Challenge — 

A  Challenge  in  form  I  receivd  the  next  day 
But  the  heart  of  a  Coward  my  face  did  betray 
For  I  like  a  good  Christian ^  think  fighting  a  sin. 
And  what  the  World  talks  of^  I  care  not  a  pin 

Vide  Own  Memoirs. 

[3]  A  print  of  the  front  of  a  small  house ;  on  it  is  inscribed  Wit  &  Decency 
or^  the  door  of  the  Hermitage  Bath.  The  door  is  inscribed  Two  Cu — s  to  lett. 
Other  objects  borne  upwards  in  the  explosion  from  Thicknesse's  head  are: 
a  sealed  packet  inscribed  Junius  Discovered  or  undeniable  Proofs  that  Sir 
Jeffrey  Dunstan  was  the  Author  of  Junius' s  Letters.  Sealed  up  Pro  bono 
publico  [see  No.  7588] ;  three  books  inscribed :  Life  of  Gainsboro,  Art  of 
Decypheringf  and  My  own  Memoirs. 

On  the  writing-table  is  a  pile  of  books  on  which  stands  an  ape-like 
creature  dressed  as  a  postillion  and  flourishing  a  whip  above  his  head.  In 
his  1.  hand  he  holds  up  a  bottle  labelled  Laudanum^  or  the  Preservative  of 
Life — prepared  by  Lieu^  Gen^  Jackoo  [see  No.  6715],  Spanish  Postillion  to 
D^  Viper — O  Death!  where  is  thy  Sting?  A  bottle  protrudes  from  each  coat- 
pocket,  one  inscribed  Extract  of  Hellebore,  the  other  Extract  of  Hemlock. 
One  bare  claw-like  foot  tramples  down  the  broken  end  of  a  long  spear,  held 
by  Death,  a  corpse-like  body,  almost  a  skeleton,  who  stands  on  the  extreme 
1.,  frowning  and  raising  a  denunciatory  hand.   Between  Death's  legs  lies 
a  dead  dog  on  its  back ;  a  pamphlet  beside  it  is  inscribed  Elegy  on  the  death 
of  my  favourite  Dog. — Horsewhipped  to  Death  for  Barking  while  I  was  kissing 
my  Wife.    The  book  on  which  the  ape  stands  is   Valetudinarian  Bath 
Gui[de]\  five  others  in  the  large  pile  have  titles:  [i]  Treatice  .  .  .,  [2]  On 
the  fatal  effects  of  eating  Hot-Rolls  for  Breakfast,  [3]  Philosophers  Stone, 
[4]  on  Long  Life,  [5]  Abbe  Monge  Mad.  Against  the  pile  rests  an  open  book : 
Man-Midwifery  Analyzed,  or  a  new  way  to  write  Bawdy  for  the  instruction 
of  Modest  Women — With  an  Emblematic  Frontispiece.  This  is  called  A  Man 
Midwife  teaching  a  Woman  and  depicts  a  man  indecently  touching  a  woman 
who  holds  a  wine-glass.  On  the  table  are  papers  and  pamphlets  inscribed : 
Private  Anecdotes,  Answer  to  Makittrick  never  published  for  prudential 
reasons.  Letter  to  . . .,  Scraps  of  French,  Extortive  Epistle,  and  (under  Thick- 
nesse's pen)  Incendiary  Letter.  Over  the  front  of  the  table  hang  two  prints : 
[i]  a  rat-trap  inscribed  Landguard  Fort,  "a  Frontier  Garrison  of  impor- 
tance'*.   Vide  own  Mem^;  [2]  a  boy  wearing  a  cocked  hat  and  holding  a 
hammer  and  a  hoop :  The  Cooper's  Boy,  turnd  Soldier — an  old  Song.  Under 
the  table  are  Extortiv  Letters  spiked  on  a  file  and  a  number  of  money-bags, 
three  being  labelled :  100  p^  A,  £100  p^  Annum  from  Lord  Camb*  [sic],  and 
100  from  Lord  B.  In  the  foreground  lie  a  bundle  of  newspapers  inscribed 
S*'  James  Chronicle  and  a  decapitated  head  in  a  dish  inscribed  Head  of  the 
Traitor  Struen[see]. 
The  background  is  covered  by  scenes  and  objects  interspersed  among 

720 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     179O 

the  clouds  produced  by  the  fires  of  Hell  and  the  explosion  from  Thick- 
nesse's  head.  Behind  the  table  the  apex  of  an  obelisk  partly  obscures  a 
framed  picture  of  a  building  inscribed  *S^  Ardres  Nunnery  or,  a  Grave  to 
immure  my  Daughters  alive;  to  keep  their  Fortunes  myself.  On  the  obelisk 
a  skeleton  with  a  large  head  devours  an  infant  holding  a  pen  and  a  book, 
Rowley  Poems ;  the  inscription :  To  the  Memory  of  the  Immortal  Chatterton 
who  wrote  400  Years  before  he  was  Born — a  Stranger  erects  this  Monument, 
Above  the  ape  is  a  H.L.  portrait,  the  head  obscured  by  cloud,  of  a  man 
wearing  a  star :  Portrait  of  the  Pretender  the  Star  in  my  Sisters  possession 
for  Favors  receivd.  On  the  1.  a  pair  of  pistols  in  bags,  inscribed  Pistols  of 
John  Duke  of  Marlborough,  hang  on  the  wall  under  a  motto :  Requisat  \sic\ 
in  pace.  Seated  on  a  cloud  above  these  objects  is  a  grinning  demon  playing 
a  viol  da  gamba,  labelled  Gainsborough  Humbug  etc.  His  music-book  is 
inscnhed  Friendship  a  Solo  for  the  Viol  da  Gamba  Dedicated  to  the  Memory 
of  Gainsborough  and  Sterne.  The  book  is  propped  against  a  skull  in  the  eye- 
socket  of  which  is  a  lighted  candle;  the  skull  stands  on  a  book:  Sterne, 
Alas  poor  Yorick,  and  a  paper:  — quite  Chop  fallen.  The  demon  is  seated 
on  a  canvas  which  hangs  over  his  cloud;  on  it  are  seen  the  legs  of  a  W.L. 
portrait  of  a  man  leaning  against  a  tree  and  inscribed :  Portrait  of  an  ungrate- 
ful Madman  left  unfinished  by  Gainsborough. 

The  Picture  thus,  does  yet  unfinished  stand. 

Ingratitudes  damned  crime,  stop'd  the  great  Painters  Hand 

(A  portrait  of  Thicknesse  was  set  aside  (1760)  and  nevej*  finished.) 

Poised  on  one  of  the  demon's  horns  stands  Fame  with  webbed  wings, 
blowing  two  trumpets  from  which  issue  blasts  inscribed:  Imprimis,  a 
Young  Coward  and  Finis,  an  Old  Rogue.  In  the  background  is  Mount 
Helicon,  irradiated,  Pegasus  as  a  winged  ass  springs  from  a  temple  on  its 
summit.  Behind  the  clouds  appears  the  arc  of  a  circle  (1.)  with  signs  of  the 
zodiac:  a  galloping  lion  is  The  Lion  of  the  Tribe  of  Judas',  the  scales  are 
heavily  weighted  with  a  book :  The  final  Account.  Memoirs  of  a  Life  of 
Villainy ;  above  is  the  inscription,  Heavy  as  Death  it  sinks,  &  Hell  receives 
the  Weight.  On  the  r.  is  the  scorpion. 

In  the  upper  r.  corner  is  a  scene  in  a  theatre.  On  the  stage  Thicknesse 's 
third  wife  sits  at  a  table  playing  the  musical  glasses.  Behind  her  (1.)  stands 
Thicknesse  (H.L.)  his  hands  held  up  in  admiration.  A  cherub  flies  above 
her,  holding  out  a  scroll :  Miss  Ford's  [struck  through]  S^  Cecilia's  first 
appearance  at  the  Little  Theatre.  On  the  r.  of  the  stage  three  demons  play- 
ing musical  instruments  form  an  orchestra;  they  face  the  heads  of  a  row 
of  hogs  representing  the  audience.  In  a  box  (r.)  are  three  hogs,  one,  who 
wears  a  star,  is  weeping  and  holds  a  Pathetic  Ode  to  Lord  Jersey. 

After  the  title  is  etched:  '*From  his  head  she  sprung,  a  Goddess  Arm'd,^* 
Milton.  To  the  Opinions  of  The  Right  hon^^^  Edward,  Lord  Thurlow,  The 
Earls  Camden,  Bute,  Bathurst,  and  Coventry,  George  Touchet-Baron  Audley, 
and  Philip  Thicknesse  Jun^  Esq^  to  the  Literati,  the  Royal- Society,  the  Mili- 
tary, Medical  and  Obstetric  Bodies,  this  attempt  to  Elucidate  the  properties 
of  Honor  and  Courage,  Intelligence  and  Philanthropy,  is  most  respectfully 
submitted,  by  their  humble  servant,  J^  Gillray. 

Thicknesse  was  eccentric,  very  quarrelsome,  and  a  prolific  writer.  One 
of  his  enemies.  Dr.  James  Mackittrick  Adair,  styled  him  'Formerly 
gunner  of  Landguard  fort,  and  now  Censor  General  of  Great  Britain, 
Professor  of  Empiricism  and  Animal  Magnetism,  and  casual  Compiler, 
Rape,  and  Murder-Monger  to  the  St.  James's  Chronicle'  in  Curious  Facts 

721  3  A 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

and  Anecdotes  .  .  .,  see  No.  7588.  In  this  he  is  accused  of  using  his  Memoirs 
for  blackmail.  In  his  Memoirs  (i.  138  ff.)  Thicknesse  relates  that  he  recom- 
mended to  Thurlow,  as  a  cure  for  gall-stones,  laudanum  and  exercise  on  a 
trotting  horse,  saying  he  was  the  best  of  all  doctors  in  England  owing  to 
his  own  sufferings.  He  also  records  overtures  to  Bute  relating  to  correspon- 
dence of  Lady  Mary  Wortley  Montague  (Bute's  mother-in-law)  which 
appear  to  verge  on  (unsuccessful)  blackmail.  Ibid.,  ii.  102  ff.  For  the 
Pretender's  portrait  and  star  (once  in  the  possession  of  his  sister-in-law, 
not  sister),  see  ibid.,  ii.  209  f.  Foote  (whom  he  opposed  over  the  threat 
to  the  Duchess  of  Kingston)  said  of  him,  according  to  Adair,  'that  he  had 
the  stupidity  of  an  owl  .  .  .'  [ut  supra^  as  in  Gillray's  inscription].  Curious 
Facts  . . .,  pp.  60-1.  On  his  travels  in  France  he  took  a  pet  monkey,  Jocko, 
who  used  to  ride  postilion  'with  a  pair  of  French  jack  boots  and  his  hair 
en  queue*.  Thicknesse,  A  Years  Journey  through  France  and  Spain^  1789, 
ii.  72  (pi.).  In  1776  he  visited  his  'unfortunate  daughter',  who  had  been 
ten  years  in  a  convent  at  Ardres,  at  her  own  wish  (he  says)  after  being 
ravaged  by  small-pox.  Ibid.,  i.  11-12.  Adair,  op.  cit.,  pp.  48,  73-4,  says 
that  Struenzee's  head  and  hand  in  wax  (bought  in  Paris)  were  exhibited 
gratis  to  purchasers  of  Thicknesse 's  Queries  to  Lord  Audley  (1782).  They 
were  so  exhibited  to  purchasers  of  Thicknesse 's  Bath  Guide^  1778.  They 
were  from  casts  taken  after  death  by  order  of  the  King  of  Denmark.  GuidCy 
pp.  10,  53-4.  Marlborough's  pistols  were  also  exhibited  by  him  and  offered 
as  propitiatory  gifts.  Adair,  op.  cit.,  p.  48.  Thicknesse  erected  a  memorial 
to  Chatterton  in  the  garden  of  his  house  at  Bath ;  Memoirs^  ii.  309.  See  also 
D.N.B,  for  Thicknesse  and  his  third  wife  Anne  Ford,  who  was  a  musician. 

This  viperine  print  is  part  of  a  concentrated  attack  on  Thicknesse.  It 
was  advertised  in  an  insulting  card  (endorsed  by  Miss  Banks  'Feb.  18. 
1790.  rec^  by  penny  post') :  'This  day  is  Published  . .  .  Price  five  Shillings*, 
title  and  inscription  as  above;  it  replies  to  the  'ridiculous  insinuations'  as 
to  its  subject:  'as  the  Engraving  is  intended  merely  as  an  attempt  to  gibbet 
Meanness,  Vice  and  Empiricism  it  therefore  cannot  possibly  allude  to  so 
respectable  a  Personage  as  Philip  Thicknesse  Esq.'  Miss  Banks  had 
received  a  similar  card  on  28  Jan.  1790,  directed  'To  the  Nobility  and 
Friends  of  Philip  Thicknesse  Esq',  ostensibly  a  defence  of  Thicknesse, 
actually  an  advertisement  of  the  forthcoming  print.  Anonymous  verses 
and  an  anonymous  and  libellous  paragraph  were  also  circulated  (copies 
with  the  print).  A  large  bill  (21  fx  17I  in.)  like  those  posted  offering  a 
reward  for  the  Monster  (see  No.  7648,  &c.)  advertises  Philip  Thycknesse 
Esq  as  The  Monster:  "he  has  already  frightened  a  Number  of  Women 
and  Children.  .  .  ."  Since  his  last  arrival  in  London,  "he  had  assumed  the 
name  of  Lieutenant  Governor  Gallstone  .  .  ."  (in  the  Banks  Collection, 
B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15/107);  this  is  also  printed  on  a  card  (for  the  penny  post) 
dated  by  Miss  Banks  11  June  1790.^  A  handbill  headed  'Strayed  from 
Kensington-Gore  A  vicious  Old  Dog;'  described  *A  Mongrel .  .  .  answers 
to  the  name  of  Gallstone.  .  .  .  Whoever  will  trace  him,  and  give  Intelli- 
gence by  the  Post,  to  J.G.  [James  Gillray]  at  18  Old  Bond-Street  .  .  .  will 
be  gratefully  thanked'.  Endorsed  'July  22.  1790'.^  See  Nos.  7588,  7722-5. 

Grego,  Gillray y  pp.  11 6-17  (reproduction). 
I9jxi5iin. 

7721a  a  proof  before  letters  in  which  the  open  book  {Man-Midwifery 

,  .  .)  is  blank.  Washes  of  white  added  to  correct  heaviness  in  aquatinting. 

*  Copy  with  prints  by  Rowlandson. 

722 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

7722  PHILIP  THICKNESSE  ESQR 
[Gillray]. 

London,  Pu¥  SepV"  14^  1790,  by  J,  Ridgway,  York  Street,  S*  James's 
SqW 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  Curious  Facts  and  Anecdotes,  not  contained 
in  the  Memoirs  of  Philip  Thicknesse,  Esq.  .  .  .  (B.M.L.  1419.  a.  20)  by  Adair, 
see  No.  7721.  A  bust  portrait  in  an  oval  of  Thicknesse  directed  to  the  1., 
copied  from  No.  7721.  The  only  element  of  caricature  is  a  scowl  and  the 
sideways  direction  of  the  eyes  to  the  r.,  denoting  in  the  original  attention 
to  Alecto's  inspiration.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved: 

" absentem  qui  rodit  amicum, 

*'Hic  Niger  est,  hunc,  tu  Romane  caveto  ! 

Horat: 

A  handbill  (cf.  No.  7721)  announces  his  detestable  and  obnoxious 
character  (dangerous  to  civil  society)  and  invites  those  who  have  doubts 
as  to  the  character  of  the  Memoirs  to  visit  Ridgway,  'who  is  authorized  to 
shew  them  such  fitting  productions  of  the  Governors,  as  .  .  .  disgrace 
human  nature'. 

Reproduced,  E.  Sitwell,  Bath,  1932,  p.  218. 

TTTi'X  A  An  impression  with  the  same  title  and  inscription,  but  with  the 
addition  above  the  oval  of  a  scroll  in  which  verses  are  engraved : 
*  Wo  ties  can  hold  him,  no  affection  hind, 
"And  Fear  alone  restrains  his  Coward  mind; 
"Free  him  from  that  no  monster  is  so  fell, 
"Nor  is  so  sure  a  Blood-hound  found  in  hell. 
Printed  on  paper  larger  than  the  volume,  and  probably  sold  separately. 

7723  LIETT  COVER  GALLSTON'S  MONKEY  BREAKING  OF  SIR 
SYDNEY'S  APE. 

Designed  by  Cruikshanks 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  monkey-like  postil- 
lion, resembling  'Jackoo'  in  No.  7721,  rides  (r.  to  I.)  a  baboon  with  a 
human  head  which  is  turned  full  face.  The  postillion  flourishes  his  whip 
above  his  head  with  an  air  of  triumph,  and  holds  up  in  his  1.  hand  a  bottle 
labelled  Laudanum,  or  the  Preservation  of  Life — prepared  by  Lieu^  Gen^ 
jackoo,  Spanish  posttilion  to  D^  Viper — O  Death  where  is  thy  Sting?  From 
each  coat-pocket  protrudes  a  bottle  labelled  Extract  of  Hellebore  and  Extract 
of  Hemlock.  The  scene  is  the  sea-shore  with  three  men-of-war,  two  being 
in  action ;  the  third  flies  a  British  flag.  On  the  r.  is  a  low  thatched  hut  in 
which  sit  two  apes  or  negroes,  with  tails,  but  wearing  mob  caps,  one  weeps, 
the  other  holds  her  by  the  shoulders  as  if  to  comfort  her. 

An  attack  on  Philip  Thicknesse,  see  No.  7721,  &c.  The  allusion  to  *Sir 
Sydney's  Ape'  is  obscure.  For  'Jocko',  Thicknesse 's  monkey  postillion,  see 
No.  7721.  As  a  remedy  for  gall-stone  Thicknesse  recommended  {inter 
alia)  *a  free  use  of  laudanum,  twenty,  thirty  or  forty  drops,  .  .  .*  Memoirs, 
1788,  i.  161.  The  black  creatures  in  the  hut  are  probably  a  comment  on 
Thicknesse 's  remarks  on  negroes  (apropos  the  anti-slavery  movement): 
'Their  face  is  scarce  what  we  call  human,  their  legs  .  .  .,  and  their  broad 

723 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

flat  foot,  and  long  toes  .  .  .  have  much  the  resemblance  of  the  Ourang 
Outang,  or  Jocko,  and  other  quadrupeds  of  their  own  climates.  .  .  .* 
Journey  Through  France  .  .  .,  1789,  ii.  102. 
Six  12 J  in. 

7724  PHILIP  QUARREL  THE  ENGLISH  HERMIT  AND  BEAU 
FIDELLE  THE  MISCHIEVOUS  SHE  MONKEY,  FAMOUS  FOR 
HER  SKILL  ON  THE  VIOL  DE  GAMBA  [1790] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Philip  Thicknesse  walks  (1.  to  r.)  followed  by  his  (third)  wife ; 
both  are  heavily  laden.  He  carries  three  large  volumes  under  his  1.  arm ; 
in  his  r.  hand  is  a  headsman's  axe  inscribed  Gratitude ^  on  his  head  is  a 
boar's  head  inscribed  Lord  Jerseys  Present.  He  wears  regimentals ;  above 
his  shoulder  projects  the  muzzle  of  the  wooden  gun ;  his  cartouche-box  is 
inscribed  Subscription  scheme  Gunpowder  (an  allusion  to  the  publication  of 
his  Memoirs  by  subscription  and  to  their  blackmailing  character).  Two 
antique  pistols  are  thrust  in  a  belt  inscribed  Duke  of  Marlbro^  Pistols  (see 
No.  7721).  Under  his  r.  foot  is  a  paper:  Vagrant  Act.  He  scowls  morosely, 
his  wife  looks  up  at  him  with  an  expression  of  angry  anxiety.  She  carries 
two  large  books  under  her  r.  arm,  probably  her  'Sketches  of  the  Lives  and 
Writings  of  the  Ladies  of  France',  3  vols.,  1778-81.  She  appears  to  be 
pregnant ;  her  petticoats  are  raised  in  front  by  a  low  girdle  inscribed  Loves 
of  Landguard  Cottage.  Behind  her  and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  a  milestone : 
J  Mile  from  Bath.  In  the  background  (r.)  behind  Thicknesse  is  a  low 
thatched  cottage  inscribed  Hermitage^  before  whose  door  is  a  gibbet  from 
which  hangs  a  noose. 

Philip  Thicknesse  and  his  wife  are  satirized  as  strolling  players.  Ann 
Ford  had  been  a  beauty  and  a  noted  musician;  in  1761  two  Letters  .  .  .  had 
been  published  purporting  to  be  from  her  to  Lord  Jersey,  reproaching  him 
{inter  alia)  with  the  gift  of  a  boar's  head,  and  from  Lord  Jersey  in  answer; 
see  Gent.  Mag.y  1761,  pp.  34  and  79.  For  her  viol  da  gamba  see  Thick- 
nesse's  Sketch  of  the  Life  and  Paintings  of  Thomas  Gainsborough  Esq.y  1788, 
pp.  21  ff.  Thicknesse  built  a  house  in  Bath  which  he  called  St.  Catherine's 
Hermitage.   See  No.  7721,  &c. 

The  title  is  from  a  popular  imitation  of  Robinson  Crusoe:  The  Hermit: 
or  the  unparalled  [sic]  sufferings  .  .  .  of  Mr.  Philip  Quarll ...  by  E.  Dorring- 
ton  (pseudonym),  1727.  Many  editions.  Beau  Fidelle  is  a  wonderful 
monkey  who  plays  the  part  of  Friday. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  275. 
9i|X9fin. 

7725  THE  CUTTER  CUT  UP,  OR,  THE  MONSTER  AT  FULL 
LENGTH. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Aitken  AT"  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  Dec  15  lygo 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Thicknesse  stands  full  face,  a  rope 
round  his  neck,  nude  except  for  short  breeches.  He  frowns,  his  eyes  look- 
ing to  the  r.,  as  in  Gillray's  portrait,  see  No.  7722.  His  person  is  covered 
with  defamatory  inscriptions.  His  chest  is  cut  open  vertically  to  reveal  ribs 
and  organs,  similarly  inscribed.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  pen,  in  his  1.  three  papers 

724 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

inscribed:  Paragraph^  Pamphlets^  Letters,  all  characterized  as  Extortion. 
His  forehead  is  inscribed  Libel,  Ignorance,  Illnature;  his  nose  Plagiarism; 
his  cheeks,  Letchery  and  Austerity;  his  mouth  Falsehood  and  Vulgarality 
[sic\ ;  his  protruding  tongue,  Scandal  The  rope  round  his  neck  is  Merit, 
His  shoulders  are  inscribed  Inhumanity  and  Apprehension ;  his  ribs,  Seven 
Deadly  Sin.  and  Bastardy.  His  organs :  Cowardice,  Gallstones,  Treachery, 
Spleen,  Disease,  Defamation,  Cruelty,  Reservoir  for  Friends.  His  sides : 
Quackery  and  Buffoonery ;  his  r.  arm,  Belsebub,  Insinuation,  Assassination. 
His  1.  arm.  Flattery,  Damnation,  Affidavit.  One  breeches  pocket  bulging 
with  guineas  is  Plunder,  the  other,  hanging  inside  out,  is  Poverty ;  between 
them  is  the  word  Genius.  On  the  r.  thigh  is  etched  a  cocked  pistol  inscribed 
Memoirs,  with  the  head  of  Thicknesse  saying  Death  of  Characters  is  Life 
to  me;  this  is  Faith.  On  the  1.  thigh  the  Devil  kicks  Thicknesse  away  from 
the  flames  of  Hell,  saying,  /  wont  be  troubled  with  you — your  [sic]  are  too 
bad  for  me;  this  is  Hope.  His  bare  knees,  legs  and  (r.)  foot  are  inscribed 
Hypocrisy,  Imposition,  Prostitution,  Deceit,  Desertion.  He  tramples  on  two 
torn  papers:  Moral  Duties  and  Religious  Duties.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched :  Most  heartily  Addressed,  (without  permission)  to  Phil.  Thicknesse, 
Esq.  Formerly  a  Lieutenant  Governor  and  lately  Doer  of  the  St.  James's 
Chronicle,  but  now  Nobody  at  his  Hut  in  Kent 

"Oh!  gravel  Heart!  unfit  to  Live!  unfit  to  Die!'* 

Shakespere 

In  1789  Thicknesse  converted  a  barn  at  Sandgate  into  a  dwelling-house 
from  which  to  contemplate  the  shores  of  France.  For  the  placard  advertis- 
ing for  Thicknesse  as  a  Cutting  Monster  see  under  No.  7721,  where  the 
allusions  to  gall-stones,  his  Memoirs,  &c.,  are  explained. 
i6Jxii|in. 

7726  THE  MONSTER  CUTTING  A  LADY 

COPPER  BOTTOMS  TO  PREVENT  BEING  CUT. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub.  May  J*'  1790  by  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  where  may  be 
seen  the  Compleatest  Collection  of  Caracatures  in  the  Kingdom 
Admit  i^ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  design  in  two  com- 
partments, [i]  A  well-dressed  man,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  grasps  a  woman's 
r.  arm,  while  he  cuts,  and  has  cut,  her  dress  in  several  places,  the  slits  being 
stained  with  blood.  She  holds  a  large  muff.  Behind  is  a  street  door  (in 
Pall  Mall)  inscribed  Angersteein;  on  the  side  of  the  house  and  in  the 
extreme  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design  is  a  bill :  Monster  A  Reward  \  100  . . . 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  This  likeness  of  him  was  Drawn  by  a  Lady  who 
he  had  wounded  and  Approved  by  two  others. 

J.  J.  Angerstein  offered  a  reward  for  the  apprehension  of  'the  Monster*. 
A  bill  dated  29  Apr.  1790  to  this  effect,  and  describing  the  man,  is  in  the 
Banks  Collection,  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15  (103). 
81^6X61  in. 

[2]  The  interior  of  a  brazier's  shop.  A  lady  (r.)  stands  before  the  kneeling 
brazier  who  is  hammering  together  the  back  seam  of  a  short  copper  petti- 
coat. The  woman  wears  a  hat  and  a  chemise  and  holds  an  oval  mirror 
which  reflects  her  uncovered  breasts ;  she  looks  over  her  r.  shoulder.   On 

725 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

the  wall  is  a  placard :  Ladies  Bottoms  Covered  on  the  most  Reasonable  Terms 
also  Kept  in  repair  by  the  Year  by  Anti:Monster.  Behind  the  brazier  (1.) 
is  the  shop-window  in  which  are  displayed  (above)  three  bell-shaped  copper 
petticoats  inscribed  respectively :  for  young  Ladies  of  15^  Ladies  of  jo,  and 
Very  fat  Ladies.  Below  are  taps  and  a  kettle. 

For  the  Monster  see  No.  7648,  &c. 
8j%x6j^in.  P1.9|xi3|in. 

7727  THE  MONSTER  DISAPPOINTED  OF  HIS  AFTERNOONS 
LUNCHEON— OR  PORRIDGE-POTTS  PREFERABLE  TO  CORK- 
RUMPS. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  i&^  1790.  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18  Old  Bond  Str. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  ogre  (1.)  holds  a 
large  knife  and  fork  in  each  hand ;  in  the  1.  hand  he  clutches  also  the  petti- 
coats of  a  young  woman,  who  hangs  horizontally,  face  downwards  but 
raised  in  profile  to  the  r.,  screaming  with  terror.  Her  legs  and  posteriors 
are  exposed,  but  fastened  to  the  latter  is  a  round  shallow  pot  serving  as  a 
shield.  The  Monster  has  a  large  head  with  raised  eyebrows  and  starting 
eyeballs,  his  mouth  is  wide  open  as  if  about  to  bite  his  captive.  His  body 
diminishes  in  size  and  terminates  in  small  feet,  planted  wide  apart.  Two 
young  women  (r.)  flee  from  the  Monster,  looking  back  and  screaming.  The 
petticoats  and  foot  of  a  third  fugitive  appear  on  the  extreme  r. 

At  this  time  bills  were  posted  advertising  a  reward  for  the  apprehension 
of  'the  Monster',  a  man  who  had  for  months  terrified  London  by  assaults 
on  women,  cutting  and  slashing  their  clothes  and  sometimes  wounding 
them  slightly.  He  proved  to  be  one  Renwick  or  Rynwick  Williams.  See 
No.  7648,  &c.  For  cork-rumps  see  No.  5381,  &c.  This  plate  was  altered, 
see  No.  7727  A. 
9iXi3iiin. 

7727  A  THE  MONSTER  GOING  TO  TAKE  HIS  AFTERNOONS 
LUNCHEON. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  10^^  lygo,  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18.  Old  Bond  Str*. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  No.  7727  altered  only 
by  the  removal  of  the  'porridge  pott'.  The  title  has  been  altered  and  the 
second  title  has  been  erased,  but  traces  remain. 

Reprinted,   G.W.G.y   1830.    Reproduced,   C.   E.   Jensen,  Karikatur- 
Album,  Copenhagen,  1906,  i.  146. 

7728  OLD  MAIDS  DREAMING  OF  THE  MONSTER. 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland  AT^  50  Oxford  Street  May  16,  1790.  In 
Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
humorous  Prints  in  Europe,  Admittance,  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  three-headed  monster  holding  in  each 
hand  a  knife  dripping  with  blood  appears  (r.)  at  the  foot  of  a  truckle  half- 

726 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

tester  bed  in  which  are  two  elderly  women,  one  of  whom  (1.)  is  hastily 
getting  out  of  bed,  and  putting  one  foot  in  a  chamber-pot.  Both  are  scream- 
ing. On  the  central  head  of  the  Monster  sits  a  demon ;  the  other  two  heads 
have  horns  round  which  twine  serpents.  All  are  grotesque,  with  large 
mouths.  Flames  issue  from  the  central  mouth,  and  the  eyes  of  the  head 
on  the  r.  The  body  is  that  of  a  normal  well-dressed  man  but  has  a  barbed 
tail. 

The  attacks  of  the  Monster  (R.  Williams)  seem  to  have  been  confined 
to  young  and  good-looking  women,  see  No.  7648,  &c. 
7ixii}in. 

7729  THE  MONSTER  DETECTED! 
[  ?  Kingsbury.] 

Pub  May  2g  lygo  by  S,  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Where  may  be  seen 
the  Completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  Kingdom  Admit, 
I  [shilL]  (clipped). 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  design  in  three  compartments,  one 
above,  and  two  below.  Beneath,  twenty-eight  lines  of  verse  are  etched  in 
two  columns  which  identify  'the  Cutting  Monster'  with  the  Devil,    [i] 
Weltje  (1.)  approaches  a  young  woman  wearing  a  high-crowned  hat;  he 
holds  a  knife,  saying.  By  Gat  I  toill  give  you  de  German  Cut.   [2]  A  young 
woman  flees  to  the  1.,  both  arms  extended,  from  Thurlow  who  wears 
ordinary  dress  with  legal  bands  and  wig.   He  holds  a  knife  in  his  1.  hand 
and  looks  away  from  her,  saying,  Blast  her  she^s  afraid  of  it!  The  *as'  of 
*Blast'  has  been  struck  through;  the  word  indicates  Thurlow's  habitual 
use  of  strong  language  (cf.  No.  7320).  [3]  A  man  holding  a  knife  runs  after 
a  fleeing  and  terrified  young  woman  (r.),  saying,  Deel  an  my  Saul  hut  Fll 
tip  ^em  the  Highland  Reel.  He  wears  a  military  coat  with  a  round  hat  and 
buckled  shoes.   The  verses  relate  that  the  Devil  was  allowed  to  come  to 
earth  on  condition  that  he  married  a  beautiful  virgin ;  to  test  virginity : 
A  little  Dagger  with  a  Tube,  was  filVd 
With  juice  of  Plants ,  which  such  a  Liquor  yield. 
That  when  to  Womans  velvet  Flesh  apply' dy 
It  makes  no  Entrance  if  a  Maid  is  try'd. 

*The  Monster'  was  R.  Williams,  see  No.  7648,  &c. 
io||Xio|in. 

7730  A  REPRESENTATION  OF  RYNWICK  ALIAS  RENWICK 
WILLIAMS,  COMMONLY  CALLED  THE  MONSTER, 

[Dent.] 

.  .  \^July  12^  1790. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  central  design  with  two  smaller 
designs  on  each  side  of  it,  forming  a  border,  [i]  Three  terrified  women 
are  grouped  by  a  street  door  (r.);  on  the  1.  a  well-dressed  man  wearing  a 
cocked  hat  and  half-boots  runs  towards  them  and  slashes  the  dress  of 
the  lady  farthest  from  the  door.  One  has  her  hand  on  the  knocker  of  the 
door  over  which  is  a  medallion  inscribed  Porter.  Behind,  a  street  recedes  in 

'  Almost  illegible. 

727 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

perspective  towards  an  ill-drawn  view  of  St.  James's  Palace.  Beneath  the 
title  is  etched :  cutting  Miss  Porter^  in  St.  James's  Street^  on  her  return  with 
Tkf^*  Meil  [Meale]  and  her  Sister,  from  the  Ball,  at  the  Palace,  on  the  Queen's 
birth  day  Jan^  i8^^  1790, 

N.B.  An  ex  post  facto  Law  was  made  to  hang  Jonathan  Wild,  whose 
attacks  were  on  the  Property  only,  hut  the  above  Criminal  for  attacking  the 
Persons  of  the  fairest  of  the  Creation,  is  subject  to  no  more  than  Transportation 
for  Seven  Years,  a  punishment  by  no  means  proportioned  to  the  Crime,  nor 
fit,  as  it  may  afford  the  Wretch  an  opportunity  of  exercising  his  cruelties  on  the 
Females  of  another  Country. 

[2]  A  W.L.  portrait  of  a  man  walking  to  the  1.,  wearing  a  round  hat,  his 
arms  folded,  a  stick  under  one  arm.  This  is  entitled,  The  Momter  as  he 
appeared  in  disguise. 

[3]  Below  this  is  a  small  design :  The  Way  the  Monster  ought  to  be  drawn. 
He  sits  in  a  cart  drawn  by  two  horses  on  his  way  to  execution. 

[4]  A  pendent  to  [2],  a  W.L.  portrait  of  Williams:  The  Monster  as  he 
appeared  on  Trial.  He  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  a  paper.  In  front 
of  him  is  a  desk  with  pen  and  ink-pot.  His  r.  leg  is  shackled. 

[5]  Beneath,  a  pendent  to  [3],  is  a  small  figure  hanging  from  a  gibbet 
with  two  vertical  supports :  The  way  the  Monster  ought  to  be  Framed. 

This  was  the  first  case  to  be  tried  (7  July  1790)  under  an  Act  of  1720 
(6  Geo.  I,  c.  23,  sect.  11);  Williams  was  found  guilty  but  sentence  was 
deferred.  The  judges  subsequently  decided  that  the  offence  did  not  come 
within  that  statute.  He  was  re-tried  at  Hicks 's  Hall  on  12  Dec.  1790, 
found  guilty  on  three  indictments,  on  each  of  which  he  was  sentenced  to 
two  (consecutive)  years'  imprisonment,  and  then  to  find  security  for  good 
behaviour  for  seven  years.  London  Chronicle ^  12  Nov.  and  16  Dec.  1790. 
See  No.  7648,  &c. 
9|Xi3jin. 

7731  THE  MONSTER. 
[PGillray.] 

Published  July  9  lygo  N"  16  Ludgate  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  H.L.  portrait  of  a  good-looking  man, 
dressed  in  the  fashion  of  the  day,  standing  in  profile  to  the  r. 

Renwick  Williams,  who  had  been  identified  on  13  June  as  the  mysterious 
Monster,  see  No.  7648,  &c.,  was  examined  at  Bow  Street  on  14  June,  &c., 
and  was  tried  at  the  Old  Bailey  on  7  July  1790.  He  was  found  guilty  but 
judgement  was  respited  till  December.  This  portrait  is  evidently  based  on 
a  sketch  made  at  the  trial,  see  No.  7730. 
lofxSJin.  (pi.). 

7732  THE  MONSTER. 
JN  [Nixon.] 

Drawn  from  the  Life  at  the  old  Bailey  by  J  Nixon  Esq^  London  Published 
g^^  July  1790  by  E  Harding  Fleet  Street  according  to  act  of  Parlia- 
ment. 

Engraving.  WiUiams  stands  in  the  dock  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  hands  resting 
on  a  desk  or  board  on  which  are  writing  materials  and  sprays  of  foliage. 

728 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

He  resembles  No.  7731,  but  is  less  good-looking.  In  front  is  the  panelled 
side  of  the  dock  surmounted  by  spikes.  In  the  background  (1.)  behind 
the  dock  a  man  stands  or  sits  full  face,  with  head  bent  down. 

8iX5iiin. 

7733  THE  MONSTROUS  ASSASSIN  OR  THE  COWARD  TURN'D 
BILL  STICKER.  [July  1790]* 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  street  scene :  a  stout 
man  (r.)  affixes  to  a  wall  a  large  bill  inscribed  Monster  Detected^  resting  one 
foot  on  a  closed  pair  of  stocks.  A  signature  to  the  bill  has  been  erased,  the 
traces  left  suggest  Captain  ,  .  .  d  Bill  Sticker.  He  is  elderly  and  plainly 
dressed,  with  spectacles  attached  to  his  coat  and  a  horn  ( ?  ear-trumpet) 
slung  to  his  coat.  He  looks  over  his  r.  shoulder  towards  a  bill-sticker  who 
stands  behind  him,  holding  up  a  lighted  torch  and  saying,  take  Care  your 
feet  don't  get  into  them  their  holes  Captain.  He  is  a  grotesque,  ragged  figure 
with  a  wooden  leg,  holding  a  roll  of  bills  under  his  r.  arm,  a  tin  receptacle 
for  paste  is  strapped  to  his  waist;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  long  stick.  On  the 
ground  at  his  feet  is  a  paper :  A  [word  undecipherable]  Song  he  that  fights 
&  Run  away  may  live  and  fight .  .  .  but  he  that  fight  will  never  ris.  .  .  .  On 
the  wall  are  other  bills:  [i]  Monster  Argenstien.  ...  [2]  Escaped  from  a 
privat  mad  house  an  old  lunatick.  ...  [3]  A  print  of  a  sheep  with  a  bell 
round  its  neck:  The  Surprising  hell  Wethe  to  be  seen  near  the  King  bar 
Pimlico.  Behind  the  bill-sticker  is  a  coachman  seated  on  his  box,  looking 
over  his  shoulder  at  the  two  other  men.  His  two  horses  are  stationary ;  the 
front  of  the  coach  is  visible.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched :  S^  S.  Meadows^ 
&  the  Public  are  requested  to  take  notice^  this  is  not  the  Captain  Straitshanks 
Who  was  broke  for  Cowardice^  &  who  afterwards  Offered  to  Enter  into  the 
French  Service  not  to  fight  against  his  Native  Country  y  &  who  has  Kept  his 
Wife  and  two  Children  upon  13  pounds  a  year  in  Wales  till  the  youngest  child 
is  44  years  of  age^  &  who  zoith  one  Leg  in  the  Grave  is  Endeavouring  to 
do  all  the  Mischief  he  can  with  the  other — this  is  not  that  their  Captain 
Straitshanks. 

For  the  Monster  see  No.  7648,  &c.  The  person  here  pilloried  has  not 
been  identified.   Coloured  impression  in  B.M.L.  1890,  e.  15,  No.  119. 
iiiiX9|in. 

7734  [JOHN  NICHOLS.]  [1790] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  from  Wolcot's  Benevolent  Epistle  to  Sylvanus 
Urban  alias  Master  John  Nichols,  Printer,  .  .  .  1790.  Nichols  (1.)  has  just 
risen  in  anger  from  his  chair  and  looks  to  the  1.,  resting  his  clenched  fists 
on  two  large  volumes  placed  on  a  small  roughly  made  table,  on  which  is 
also  an  ink-pot  with  pens.  These  are  Q.  Eliz:  Prog:  and  Anecdotes  of 
M^  B.  [Bowyer].  In  the  background  is  Parnassus,  with  the  Temple  of 
Fame,  on  which  is  poised  a  figure  of  Fame  blowing  a  trumpet.  Against  the 
mountain  rests  a  tall  ladder  up  which  a  dog  has  scrambled,  but  is  still  far 

^  So  dated  by  Miss  Banks. 

^  No  Sir  S.  Meadows  or  Medows  can  be  traced  among  baronets  or  in  Shaw's 
Book  of  Knights. 

729 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

from  the  summit.  A  man  on  stilts  advances  towards  the  mountain,  an 
Essay  on  Old  Maids  projects  from  his  pocket,  showing  that  he  is  William 
Hayley ;  a  paper  inscribed  Etidora  falls  from  him.  On  the  ground  are :  a 
letter  ToM\N — c — //;  a  book :  Gentlemans  Magazine,  and  papers :  Charade y 
Conundrum  Riddle,  Rebus,  M^  Badcocks  Letters.  Beneath  the  design  is 
engraved : 

With  anger  foaming  and  of  vengeance  full. 

Why  belloweth  John  Nichols  like  a  bull?  [op.  cit.,  p.  5.] 

Wolcot  attacks  Nichols  for  his  literary  works  and  for  his  management 
Qf  the  Gentleman's  Magazine',  he  mentions  *the  Life  of  old  Bowyer'  (1782) 
and  'the  Progress  of  Queen  Elizabeth*  (1788)  as  books  which  'would  not 
sell',  p.  18  and  n.  He  speaks  of ' Hayley 's  tinsel  stuff'  (p.  14),  Hayley  being 
*a  constant  contributor'  to  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  'in  the  way  of 
ingenious  rhyme  and  liberal  criticism'  (p.  4,  n.).  Samuel  Badcock  (1747- 
88)  was  also  a  contributor  to  the  Gentleman's  Magazine. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  281. 

8fX7iin. 


7735  BEATRICE  FISHING  FOR  A  CORONET. 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland  N'^  50  Oxford  Street  JarP  8.  lygo. 
In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints  Admittance.  One  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fortune-teller  seated  in  his  room 
receives  a  visit  from  Miss  Farren  (r.)  who  sits  facing  him  in  profile  to  the 
1.  She  is  fashionably  dressed,  wearing  a  high  ribbon-trimmed  hat,  and  a 
cloak  bordered  with  fur;  her  hands  are  in  a  large  muff.  She  says,  The 
woman  at  the  Green  Rails  in  Store  Street  gives  me  no  hopes  of  a  coronet,  I  wish 
to  know  your  opinion,  venerable  Sage.  The  sage,  seated  in  a  high-backed 
arm-chair,  a  gouty  leg  supported  on  a  stool,  wearing  a  nightcap  and  fur- 
bordered  robe,  peers  through  spectacles  at  a  book  whose  pages  are  covered 
with  symbols.  Beside  him  is  a  table  on  which  are  a  telescope,  celestial 
globe,  ink-stand,  compass,  and  hour-glass.  From  under  the  table-cloth  a 
skull  seems  to  peer  up  at  the  lady.  The  room  is  crowded  with  the  wizard's 
stock-in-trade:  an  alligator  hangs  from  the  ceiling  above  a  number  of 
monstrosities  in  bottles;  there  is  a  diminutive  skeleton  and  also  another 
telescope  and  globe ;  there  are  books  inscribed :  Aspects  of  the  Planets  and 
Astrollogy]',  papers  inscribed:  Table  of  the  Orbs,  and  Planets;  the  Twelve 
signs  of  the  Zodiac;  Prediction  of  future  Events.  Against  the  wall  are  a  clock, 
a  barometer  and  thermometer,  an  astronomical  diagram,  shelves  contain- 
ing folio  volumes  partly  concealed  by  a  curtain.  On  the  ground  behind 
the  visitor  is  ( ?)  a  magic  lantern. 

This  print  is  mentioned  in  Memoirs  of  the  Present  Countess  of  Derby, 
p.  22,  where  it  is  asserted  (without  foundation)  that  Miss  Farren  went  to 
consult  a  pauper  in  Shoreditch  Workhouse  who  professed  to  foretell  the 
future,  and  who  told  her  'that  the  Coronet  which  Fate  had  suspended  over 
her,  would  some  time  fall  on  her  head'.  For  Lord  Derby  and  Miss  Farren 
see  No.  5901,  &c.,  and  index. 

8|xi3|in. 

730 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

7736  A  PEEP  BEHIND  THE  CURTAIN  AT  THE  WIDOW  BEL- 
MOUR. 

J  Sf  [Sayers.]  Dec^  lygo 

Engraving.  Miss  Farren  stands  on  the  r.,  naked,  and  in  the  attitude  of  the 
Venus  de'  Medici;  behind  her  is  a  stage  curtain  which  Lord  Derby,  in  the 
upper  1.  corner  of  the  design,  draws  aside  to  peer  down  upon  her ;  he  has 
a  grotesque  simian  head.  Their  words  are  etched  across  the  curtain;  Miss 
Farren  says : 

Here  I  stand  afresh  proof  of  our  Managers  Meanness 
Not  a  Rag  to  my  back  like  the  Media's  Venus 
At  their  second  hand  Wardrobe  I  turn  up  my  Nose 
By  the  Lord  I  wont  act  till  they  find  me  new  Cloaths. 

Lord  Derby  says : 

O  fye  ye  Linleys  curse  your  niggard  Hearts 
Why  won't  you  let  Miss  Farren  dress  her  Parts 
Were  I  of  Drury's  property  the  Sovereigny 
Fd  give  the  lovely  Maid  a  choice  of  Covering. 

Thomas  Linley,  Sheridan's  father-in-law,  had  a  share  in  the  manage- 
ment of  Drury  Lane ;  the  neghgence  and  extravagance  of  Sheridan  kept  the 
theatre  always  short  of  money.  R.  C.  Rhodes,  Harlequin  Sheridan^  pp.  78, 
174,  &c.  The  Widow  Belmour  is  a  part  in  Murphy's  'Way  to  keep  him* 
(cf.  No.  7215),  it  was  played  at  Drury  Lane  on  i  Dec.  1790  by  Mrs. 
Goodall  for  the  first  time;  the  print  may  illustrate  some  refusal  of  Miss 
Farren 's  to  take  the  part. 
ioiX7i^6in. 


7737  A  PRIVATE  REHEARSAL  OF  JANE  SHORE. 
Designed  by  J.  Nixon  Esq^.  Engraved  by  J,  Pettit. 
London  Published  by  William  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street  February 
v^  lygo. 

Photograph  (much  reduced)  of  an  engraving.  A  stout  and  ugly  lady  hold- 
ing out  a  book  gesticulates  and  rants  in  the  name-part  of  Rowe's  tragedy. 
On  each  side  of  the  room  three  persons  sit  facing  each  other  on  high- 
backed  chairs;  a  man  and  woman  (1.)  yawn  violently,  the  man  stretching 
his  arms  above  his  head.  On  the  r.  a  young  man  flirts  with  a  good-looking 
young  woman ;  next  him  a  stout  elderly  man  sits  asleep.  A  foot-boy  bring- 
ing in  a  coal-scuttle  drops  coals;  a  servant  negligently  spills  the  contents 
of  a  tray  of  tankards  which  he  hands  to  a  lady  (L),  looking  over  his  shoulder 
at  the  actress.  At  the  back  of  the  room  a  man  sits  with  closed  eyes  behind 
a  table  on  which  is  a  large  book.  Behind  him  is  a  bookcase  up  which  a 
monkey  has  climbed  and  is  throwing  down  books.  The  actress  stands 
before  a  massive  chimney-piece  (r.)  on  which  is  a  large  clock  with  a 
grotesque  figure  of  Time  and  figures  of  Shakespeare  and  ( ?)  Rowe. 

A  satire  on  the  fashion  for  private  theatricals  and  on  the  maltreatment 
of  Rowe's  tragedy.  The  actress  is  perhaps  Mrs.  Hobart,  an  ardent  amateur 
performer.   Cf.  No.  6713. 

Original  water-colour,  dated  1788,  in  Print  Room  (11  Jx  I7i  in.), 
2x3!  in. 

731 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7738  THE  CORPORATION  HOGS  JOURNEY  TO  SMITHFIELD 
IN  STILE.  OR  ALDERMEN  TURN'D  PIG'SHOW  MEN. 

Cruikshank  lygo. 

Pub  Feb  26.  lygo.  by  S  W  Fores  at  his  Museum  N  3  Piccadilly,  where 
may  be  seen  the  completest  Collection  of  Caricatures.  &c.  in  the  King- 
dom. Also  the  Head  &'  hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admit,  j* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  stout  alderman  is  seated  in  a  two- 
wheeled  farm-cart,  embracing  an  enormous  pig  which  sits  on  a  livery- 
gown.  The  cart  is  drawn  (r.  to  1.)  by  five  men  and  pushed  behind  by  two 
others.    The  foremost,  Rim — w,  carries  a  banner  on  which  is  a  fat  pig 
inscribed  Corperation  Hog  Admitance  6^  Each  Painted  by  R — m — ngt — n ; 
he  says.  The  greatest  likness  possible  all  my  own.  He  wears  no  coat,  an  apron, 
and  ragged  breeches.   The  next  is  Par — r,  saying,  give  me  a  Hodd  again 
this  is  too  hard  work.    Next  is  a  beefeater.  Pant — w,  in  his  shirt-sleeves, 
saying,  How  I  sweat  Fll  sell  my  share  for  ten  Guineas  Pm  so  d — nd 
Hungry.  The  next,  holding  a  whip,  is  Bany — d\  he  says,  Ge  up  my  Lads 
a  heavy  fare  this.  The  last  man,  wearing  a  livery  gown,  is  Sling — y ;  he 
holds  a  trowel  and  says  /  had  rather  rebuild  London  Bridge  than  fagg  so. 
The  cart  is  inscribed  Ban — d  Windsor  \  the  pig  says  /  am  so  tired  siting 
like  an  Alderman.   The  alderman  answers  And  I  too  Brother^  Lord  how 
they  laugh  at  us       no  Cutting  or  slashing.    He  wears  a  livery  gown  and 
appears  from  No.  7739  to  be  *Sn — w'.     The  two  who  push  behind  are 
Perr — n  and  Bend — g ;  the  former  says,  Pll  go  measure  Tape  this  is  too 
hard  work.  The  other,  who  wears  a  cocked  hat  and  livery  gown,  says,  Pm 
tired  of  shoving  I  used  to  drive  my  Pigs.    A  grinning  country  boy  stands 
behind  (r.),  saying.  Birds  of  a  feather  flock  together.   He  grasps  a  signpost, 
pointing  (1.)  To  Smitfield  and  (r.)  To  Windsor.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
They  could  not  agree  about  the  Hogs  admission 
So  six  cunning  Aldermen  prefer' d  a  Petition: 
To  request  they'd  permit  them  to  buy  that  there  Pig 
And  convey  him  to  Smithfield  straightway  in  a  Gig. 
The  Petition  was  granted,  the  Pig  they  have  bought ^ 
And  paid  fifty  Guineas  y  the  Sum  for  him  sought; 
In  a  cart  then  to  Smithfield  this  Beast  they  convey' dy 
And  triumphantly  enter'd  upon  thier  new  Trade. 

One  of  three  satires  on  the  Corporation  of  Windsor,  see  Nos.  7739,  7740. 
One  SI — ^gs — ^y  [  ?  Slingsby  or  Slingsbury]  was  associated  with  underhand 
dealings  in  connexion  with  works  at  Windsor  Castle  in  No.  5897  (1781). 
8fXi4Jin. 

7739  THE  CORPORATION'S  VISIT  TO  THEIR  BROTHER  IN 
SMITHFIELD  OR  THE  HOG'S  FEAST  ON  BEING  SWORN-IN. 

/.  Cruikshank  lygo. 

Pub  March  8.  lygo  by  S  W  Fores  at  his  Museum  N  3  Piccadilly  where 
may  be  seen  the  completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  King- 
dom also  the  Head  &  hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admit,  j* 

Engraving.   A  hog  (see  No.  7738)  wearing  a  wig,  spectacles,  and  a  livery 

gown,  sits  at  the  head  of  a  dinner-table  under  a  canopy.  The  other  guests, 

^  Tuppet*  has  been  struck  through  and  'Pig'  written  above. 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     179O 

&c.,  have  numbers  referring  to  notes  beneath  the  design.  They  are  4  a 
beefeater  who  holds  a  glass  of  wine  to  the  hog's  mouth;  j,  also  in  a  livery 
gown,  sits  at  the  opposite  end  of  the  table  in  an  armchair ;  z,  2,  6,  and  8 
sit  at  the  table  drinking.  7,  dressed  as  a  postillion,  stands  holding  up  his 
glass.  5,  a  man  with  ( ?)  tape  hanging  from  his  pocket,  enters  through  a 
door  (1.)  carrying  a  punch-bowl.  Over  the  door  is  the  head  of  an  ox.  The 
notes  show  the  words  of  the  catch  which  they  sing : 

1  Park.   The  Hogs  they  lie  with  their  asses  hare  Gruntyy  grunty,  grunt. 

2  Riming — n  Here's  Justice^  Alderman^  &"  Mayor ^  Drunkty  &c. 
J  Sn — w.  Pray  what  do  you  mean  by  insulting  me.    Thumpty  &c. 

4  P — nt — n  No  Cutting  or  Slashing  nor  Glister  for  me  frumpty^  &c. 

5  P — rr — n  I  am  the  Lad  that  brings  you  good  cheer  plumpty  &c. 

6  Ban — d  And  I  am  the  Coachman  that  brought  the  Pig  here  Lumpty  &c. 

7  SI — ns—y  Slingo  the  Postboy  and  PR  drive  him  home.  Jumpty  &c. 

8  B — nd — g.  Beny  the  Butcher  will  ne'er  let  him  roam,  dumpty. 

Above  the  heads  of  the  diners  is  etched : 

General  Chorus. 
And  when  the  show  is  over^  and  all  the  Gain  we've  got 
Why  then  our  Brother  Alderman  Alas!  he  goes  to  Pot 
Hey  down  ho  down  derry  derry  down  O  the  Corporation 
Hogs  of  Windsor. 

The  canopy  over  the  pig  is  inscribed  Semper  Eadem  and  Wisdom  in  every 
Glance  in  every  Gesture  Dignity  and  Grace. 

One  of  three  satires  on  the  Corporation  of  Windsor,  see  No.  7738,  &c. 
8i|xi3in. 

7740  THE  GHOST'S  OR  THE  TAYLOR  BEFRITED   &c  &c  a 
GERMAN  STORY 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

pub  by  Tom  Stitch  thames  street  Windsor 

Engraving.  A  tailor  on  his  raised  shop-board  (r.)  kneels  in  terror  at  the 
apparition  of  an  emaciated  corpse-like  man  and  a  fat  pig  with  its  throat 
cut  standing  on  its  hind-legs.  Beneath  the  shop-board  the  head  and 
shoulders  of  the  Devil  emerge  from  the  flames  of  Hell ;  he  holds  a  trident 
and  a  bulky  roll  of  cloth  inscribed  Cabbage  (cf.  No.  8035,  &c.),  implying 
that  the  tailor's  pilfering  has  not  been  restricted  to  scraps  of  material.  (The 
place  where  tailors  kept  their  'cabbage'  was  termed  Hell;  see  Grose, 
Classical  Diet,  of  the  Vulgar  Tongue).  The  tailor  wears  a  nightcap  and 
apron;  round  his  neck  is  a  tape-measure;  he  says  (excreting),  o  Lord  0 
Lord  I  am  in  a  nasty  Condition.  A  small  demon  (r.)  holds  his  nose.  Beside 
the  tailor  are  his  goose,  lying  on  a  garment  (which  is  burning  from  the  heat 
of  the  iron) ;  the  heel  of  a  loaf  with  a  knife,  onions  and  cucumbers  lie  next 
a  paper  inscribed  sick  and  in  prison  and  he  [word  erased,  comforted]  me. 
Beside  an  ink-pot  are  an  open  book:  The  Benevolent  Society  Benifet  of  \ 
Survivershipf  and  a  paper:  Advice  to  overseers  respecting  the  poor.  The 
corpse  stands  in  back  view  holding  out  a  minatory  hand  and  turning  his 
head  in  profile  to  the  r. ;  he  asks  who  starved  me  to  Death.  The  pig  says 
you  have  been  the  Cause  of  my  death.  A  man  on  the  extreme  1.  looks  through 
a  door,  saying,  Aye  Aye  this  comes  of  your  ingratitude  for  my  saving  your  life. 
On  the  wall  which  forms  a  background  are  (1.  to  r.)  two  pictures,  two 

733 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

broadside  ballads,  and  a  print:  [i]  The  lower  part  of  a  picture  of  Howard 
shows  the  legs  of  a  man  walking  past  a  barred  prison  window,  through 
which  look  two  faces.  (News  was  received  on  26  Feb.  of  the  death  of  John 
Howard,  the  prison  reformer,  Gent,  Mag.y  1790,  i.  276,  but  this  Howard 
appears  to  be  the  corpse.)  [2]  A  Song  by  Tom  Stitch  on  the  Windsor  Cor- 
poration. [3]  A  Song  in  Ridicule  of  my  best  Friend.  [4]  A  print  of  a  gibbet 
from  which  hangs  a  noose  inscribed  The  Desert.  [5]  A  large  picture: 
Windsor  Charity ;  the  tailor  stands  in  a  prison  cell,  pointing  to  an  emaciated 
man  lying  on  straw;  turning  to  a  woman  who  kneels  at  his  feet,  he  says, 
clenching  his  fist,  let  him  Die  &  be  d — d.  The  woman  says,  for  God  sake 
don't  Suffer  my  Poor  father  to  Starve.  The  dying  man  says  I  perish  for  want. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

A  Taylor  I  once  was  as  Blith  as  e'er  need  be 
Until  that  the  Divel  a  Monster  sure  mad  me 
For  Howard  so  lusty  I  soon  sent  him  no  where 
But  now  he  is  come  again  to  do  me  over 
Last  time  he  appeared  to  fne  thro  the  shop  window 
My  goose  being  hot  burnt  the  sieve  to  a  Cinder 
But  now  with  the  hog  he  is  come  back  from  Dover 
All  this  with  ingratitude  has  done  me  over 

One  of  a  set  of  three  prints  on  the  Windsor  Corporation  and  the  purchase 
of  a  pig.  The  tailor  appears  to  be  one  Perrin,  see  Nos.  7738,  7739.  In  his 
capacity  as  overseer  he  appears  responsible  for  the  death  of  a  man  (Howard) 
by  starvation,  cf.  No.  5275.  'Tom  Stitch',  the  tailor,  was  the  subject  of 
a  popular  chap-book. 
8}Xi2f  in. 

7741  A  STRATH  SPEY  OR  NEW  HIGHLAND  REEL  AS  DANCED 
AT  SEATON  D L.  [Delaval] 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pud  [sic]  Dec''  2g  \?  lygo]  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Picaddilly 

Engraving.  A  bedroom  scene,  the  bed-curtains  drawn  aside  to  show  a  lady 
in  bed  (r.),  starting  up  in  alarm,  a  lover  in  a  nightshirt  crawls  under  the 
bed.  The  husband  (or  ?  the  Duke  of  York),  wearing  a  cocked  hat  and 
regimentals,  stands  (1.),  a  closed  door  behind  him,  r.  arm  extended,  1.  hand 
on  his  heart,  clutching  his  coat.  He  says  Fll  be  D — d  for  a  Cocu  if  that 
long  ram  has  not  been  Tuping  my  little  Ewe  An  Infamous  Trick  on  Nell 
[Tyrconnel].  On  the  bed  is  an  open  book  inscribed  Notoriety.  Above  it 
hangs  a  placard :  Strictures  on  the  Cross  Breed  of  a  Scotch  Ram  with  an  Irish 
Ewe,  The  lover  says  my  Mither  did  sa  before  me ;  he  overturns  a  chamber- 
pot over  a  bust  portrait  of  the  Duke  of  York.  On  a  small  round  table  by 
the  foot  of  the  bed  are  writing-materials ;  a  pen  lies  on  a  paper  on  which 

Your  R  H 5  and  Your  Grace  have  been  struck  through  and  replaced 

by  My  Lord.  A  hat,  coat,  and  breeches  lie  on  the  floor.  Below  the  title 
is  etched:  /«  a  few  Days  will  be  Publish*  dL*^  T — Is  observation  on  Excessive 
Damages  Dedicated  to  the  D — e  of  Y — . 

The  lover  appears  from  the  title  and  allusion  to  his  mother,  &c.,  to  be 
Lord  Strathmore ;  he  is  depicted  as  displacing  the  Duke  of  York  (see  No. 
7373).  But,  Elliot  writes,  8  Jan.  1789,  '[the  Duke]  has  lately  broken  with 
Lady  Tyrconnel,  and  the  best  of  the  joke  is,  that  not  only  she  has  been 

734 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     179O 

in  fits  on  the  occasion,  but  that  both  her  father  and  her  husband  resent  the 
rupture  as  an  affront  and  an  indignity  put  on  them  and  the  family.'  Sir  G. 
Elliot,  Life  and  Letters,  i.  264.  Tyrconnel  lived  with  his  father-in-law,  Lord 
Delaval,  see  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  v.  20.  The  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  400 
(i  Dec.  1791),  reports  a  rumour  that  Lady  Tyrconnel  had  left  her  husband 
and  was  at  the  seat  of  Lord  Strathmore  (the  names  are  only  hinted  at), 
of.  No.  8168. 
9i6Xi4iin. 


7742   SKINS  WHIPPER-IN  TO  ESQU^  EUCLID  IN  OXFORD- 
SHIRE. 

[*Rev^.  William  Chaplin  inv.*] 

Pub.  June  J,  1^90.  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  man  rides  in  profile 
to  the  r.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  whip,  in  his  1.  he  holds  his  mortar-board  cap. 
He  wears  clerical  bands  with  a  long  coat  and  spurred  jack-boots.  Beside 
the  horse  run  three  hounds  with  human  profiles  wearing  academic  caps 
like  that  of  the  rider.  On  the  skyline  (r.)  is  a  gibbet  from  which  hangs  a 
small  childishly  drawn  figure. 

Miss  Banks  received  as  *a  present  from  the  Author*,  28  May  1790,  a 
proof  without  imprint  (in  B.M.).  She  identifies  the  subject  as  the  *Rev^ 
M"^  Sawkins  Mathematical  Tutor  at  Christ  Church  Oxford'. 

7JgX6i5gin. 


7743  SCRUB  &  BONNIFACE  OR  THREE  BRAVE  LADS  AGAINST 
ONE  POOR  ROSCIUS 

Newgate  Inif    Cripplegate  Direxit    Hellgate  fecit, 
London  pu¥  Au^  9  [1790]  by  Steine  Briton. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Two  young  men  fight, 
stripped  to  the  waist.  One  (1.)  on  the  ground,  eries  foul— foul,  the  other, 
Lord  Barrymore  ('Scrub'  or  'Newgate')  stands  over  him  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  with  clenched  fists,  and  kicks  him.  The  Prince  of  Wales  stands  behind 
the  fallen  man,  and  holds  out  his  arms  as  if  to  protect  him,  saying,  Dam 
it  Newgate  fight  like  a  Man  no  Kicking.  The  Duke  of  York  stands  on  the 
extreme  1.,  his  thumbs  in  his  waistcoat  pockets,  saying,  fie  done — If  he 
had  hit  my  head  instead  of  my  Curl,  I  would  have  fought  fair  (an  allusion 
to  the  duel  with  Lennox,  see  No.  7531,  &c.).  Barrymore 's  brothers  stand 
behind  him  (r.):  Augustus  kicks  the  victim,  saying,  Bl — st  me  III  lay  3  to 
I  We  lick  him;  the  other,  whose  inturned  feet  indicate  'Cripplegate' 
(Henry),  says.  Bloody  Newgate  to  me  if  I  dont  take  his  fathers  Licence. 

A  fight  between  Lord  Barrymore  and  the  son  of  the  manager  (Fox)  of 
the  Brighton  theatre  occurred  on  the  Steine,  27  July  1790.  The  Prince  and 
Duke  of  York  came  up,  and  the  Prince  is  said  to  have  called  out  'Danm 
me  Barrymore,  behave  like  a  man!*  J.  R.  Robinson,  The  Last  Earls  of 
Barrymore,  1894,  pp.  100-2;  J.  Ashton,  FlorizeVs  Folly,  1899,  pp.  139-40. 
For  the  three  Barrys  see  No.  7997,  &c. 

Sjxizjin. 

735 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7744  THE  TIPPERARY  DUELLISTS  OR  MARGATE  HEROES 

Pub  Sep  ig,  lygo,  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  A  duel  in  which  the  combatants  almost  touch  one  another: 
one  (1.)  aims  his  pistol,  the  other  is  about  to  use  the  butt  of  his  pistol  as 
a  club.  One  second  stands  behind  and  between  the  duellists;  he  wears  a 
round  hat,  long  coat,  and  top-boots.  The  other,  in  regimentals,  with  a 
large  cocked  hat  and  spurred  boots,  stands  disconsolately  (r.),  his  hand  on 
the  hilt  of  his  sword,  not  looking  at  the  principals.  Behind  is  a  low  wooden 
railing.  All  are  dressed  like  would-be  men  of  fashion. 

This  evidently  relates  to  a  duel  between  a  Mr.  Leeson  (who  had  first 
acted  as  the  friend  of  Lieut.  Monro,  the  original  aggressor)  and  Col. 
M*^Carthy  on  10  Sept.  at  Margate.  Both  fired  twice  without  effect;  then 
Leeson  clubbed  his  pistol,  his  antagonist  protested  with  his  pistol  presented, 
and  the  seconds  stepped  between  them.  A  mob  collected  and  the  parties 
left  the  ground  dissatisfied.  An  affray  in  the  Margate  library  followed  on 
the  same  evening,  Leeson  attacking  with  a  stick,  and  being  knocked  down 
by  McCarthy,  who  was  then  overpowered  by  Leeson 's  friends.  London 
Chronicle^  14  Sept.  1790.  Margate  was  reputed  a  vulgar  watering-place, 
cf.  No.  6758,  &c.  See  No.  7745. 
9ixi3|in. 

7745  HONORABLE  SITUATIONS  THE  TIPPERARY  DUELISTS 
OR  MARGATE  HEROES  HAVE  HERETOFORE  STOOD  IN, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J.  Aitkin  N"  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  Oct  2&^  1790. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  design  in  two  compartments : 

A  CERTAIN  WA  Y  TO  DETECT  AND  SECURE  A  LOADED  DIE. 

Two  men  throw  dice,  one  seated  behind  the  table,  the  other  standing  (r.), 
dice-box  in  hand.  A  man  in  profile  to  the  r.,  striding  forward,  pins  the  r. 
hand  of  the  seated  man  to  the  table,  with  a  fork,  saying.  There's  the  Die. 
The  suspect,  who  wears  a  cocked  hat  and  regimentals,  raises  his  1.  hand, 
shouting  Upon  my  honor.  His  opponent  says  Dam  your  honor.  Above  their 
heads  are  various  objects :  a  pair  of  bare  legs,  shaded,  probably  to  indicate 
blacklegs,  are  inscribed  respectively  OM"  [McCarthy]  andM.6^. ;  a  tankard 
and  dish  are  Massy  Plate ^  the  other  objects  are  inscribed  Stack  of  Hay  and 
Pole  of  Wood  (a  pole),  evidently  to  show  that  the  detected  cheat  poses 
falsely  as  a  man  of  property. 

This  method  of  detecting  a  cheat  was  used  on  *Baron'  Newman  of  Bath, 
see  Nos.  4651,  4836. 
8|x6Jin. 

A  CERTAIN  WAY  TO  MAKE  GOOD  OUT  OF  EVIL. 

A  tall,  fashionably  dressed  man  wearing  a  cocked  hat  (1.)  steps  towards 
a  stout  and  distressed  man  (r.)  who  holds  a  large  bag  inscribed  Composition ; 
both  are  in  profile.  The  former  says.  Prosecution  and  Pillory — by  Jasus  for 
your  Son  attempted  so  and  so,  but  if  you  do  so  and  so,  why  then  I  shant  think 
him  so  unnatural  and  so  you  understand  so  and  so.  The  other  answers,  Be 
pacified — be  softened — be  husht  and  let  my  Son  come  home  and  you  shall  have 
some  weighty  reasons — you  shall  be  a  Colonel  brave  Sir.  Over  the  head  of  the 
tall  man  is  a  picture  of  Somerset  House ;  over  that  of  the  other  one  of  Hounslow 
showing  a  large  building  which  may  represent  the  powder-mills  there. 

736 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

The  two  duellists,  Col.  M'^Carthy  and  Leeson,  see  No.  7744,  are  respec- 
tively depicted  as  a  fraudulent  gamester  and  a  blackmailer. 
8fx6|in.  PL  9jxi3f  in. 

7746  A  ROUT. 

IC  lygo^   Etched  by  Cruikshanks 

Puby  Jan  26,  lygo  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Where  may  be  seen 
the  Completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  Kingdom,  Admit- 
tance one  shilling. 

Engraving.  Guests  at  a  rout  arranged  in  a  strip  design,  all  are  standing  in 
conversation,  &c.,  except  for  two  sets  of  card-players  at  square  tables,  each 
lit  by  four  candles.  Of  thirty-seven  figures,  seventeen  have  numbers 
referring  to  names  etched  beneath  the  design.  Most  of  the  persons  are 
caricatured.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  man  (not  unlike  Mayor  Topham)  regards 
himself  in  a  mirror,  arranging  his  shirt-frill.  At  a  card-table,  i  M^^ 
Faw — kn — r  and  2  M^  Cha — It — n  are  partners;  the  other  two  are  not 
identified.  Five  persons  stand  behind  the  table,  including  3  M^^  Ch — It — w, 
4  M^  Eth — ngt — «,  and  5  M*"  Tr — tt — r  who  looks  through  a  double  eye- 
glass. Between  the  two  tables  8  Col:  St — nh — pe  grasps  the  1.  hand  of 
7  Col —  C — mb — /,  whose  r.  arm  ends  at  the  wrist.  Behind  are  6  Miss 
D — by  and  three  men.  At  the  second  card-table  sits  9  M^^  Wh — rt — n 
opposite  13  Col:  D'Au — b — nt\  14  Miss  D'Au — b — nt,  a  very  stout  and 
ugly  lady,  watches  the  game,  her  hand  on  the  back  of  his  chair.   Behind, 

10  M.  St — kp — le  offers  a  lady  a  glove.   Behind  him  stand  three  persons : 

11  M«  St~nh—pe,  12  Col:  H—nd—rs—n,  16  M'  Ber—n—rd  who 
inspects  the  pretty  Mrs.  Stanhope  through  a  double  eye-glass.  15  Count 
Hasl — ngy  chapeau  bras  and  wearing  a  star,  holds  his  sword  so  that  it  raises 
the  petticoats  of  a  lady  behind  him,  who  appears  to  be  exchanging  cards 
with  ly  Sir  W^  Br — n.  (For  Count  Haslang,  the  Bavarian  Minister,  cf. 
No.  4834.)  Four  of  the  ladies  wear  absurd  steeple-crowned  hats  poised  on 
their  elaborately  dressed  hair,  others  wear  bows  of  ribbon  or  muslin. 

The  first,  wife  of  W.  A.  Fawkener  (Clerk  to  the  Privy  Council),  was 
divorced  and  married  Lord  John  Townshend,  see  No.  7349,  &c.  *Very 
pretty  M""^.  Stanhope*  was  the  wife  of  Henry  Fitzroy  Stanhope,  second 
son  of  the  2nd  Earl  of  Harrington.  Walpole,  LetterSy  xv.  225;  cf.  also 
R.  C.  Rhodes,  Harlequin  Sheridan^  p.  135.  Sir  William  Augustus  Brown, 
3rd  Bart.,  1764-1830,  became  insane  c.  1790.  G.  E.  C,  Baronetage.  • 
8X27jin. 

7747  TOO  DEEP  FOR  THE  KNOWING  ONES  OR  HOW  TO 
CHEAT  THE  BAILIFS  [?  1790] 

[1.  Cruikshank.] 

Engraving.  Two  men  roll  a  barrel  towards  the  gate  of  Sadlers  Wells  (1.) ; 
in  it  lies  a  young  man,  his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  r.  Behind  (r.)  are 
the  door  and  bow- window  of  a  public  house,  the  King  of  Prussia.  In  the 
doorway  stand  two  bailiffs.  One  says,  Wright  say  he  is  just  out;  the  other 
answers,  D — n  me  if  any  thing  went  out  but  that  butt  of  Porter  for  the 
Wells.  Two  men  sit  in  the  window,  smoking.  The  men  pushing  the  barrel 
*  In  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design,  reversed,  and  almost  concealed  by  shading. 

737  3B 


CATALOGUE  OF   POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

appear  to  be  portraits:  the  nearer,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  wears  a  high  round 
hat,  long  coat  with  triple  cape,  and  top-boots;  the  other  looks  round 
towards  the  spectator.  The  man  in  the  barrel  (the  debtor)  has  been  identi- 
fied as  Whitbread,  which  seems  incredible,  the  other  two  as  Tetherington 
(whom  he  resembles,  see  No.  7789)  and  one  Parker. 
6iX9iin. 

7748  MAGNETIC  DISPENSARY. 

Drawn  by  Collings.  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  O  Jany  r*  1790. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  121.  Illustration  to  verses  on  'Animal 
Magnetism'.  The  patients  of  a  quack  practitioner  stand  or  sit  at  a  rectangu- 
lar table,  each  pulling  at  a  bent  iron  bar  fixed  to  a  block  on  the  table.  A 
young  woman  (1.)  of  meretricious  appearance,  wearing  a  high-crowned  hat, 
is  seated  on  the  1.,  a  man  wearing  a  bag-wig  standing  beside  her,  pulls  at 
the  same  bar.  Seated  opposite  (r.)  is  a  very  stout  man  in  shirt-sleeves. 
Two  men  wearing  hats  are  smiling  spectators ;  a  third  points  as  if  giving 
directions.  Behind  (r.)  are  two  large  cylinders  on  stands,  one  joining  the 
other  at  a  r.  angle.  In  the  wall  of  the  room  are  three  large  sash-windows 
through  which  are  seen  a  passing  coach  and  a  street  receding  in  perspec- 
tive. Between  the  windows  are  three  bust  portraits  of  quack  doctors: 
Loutherburgh  (see  No.  7545),  D^  Yeldell  (a  man  with  ass's  ears,  and  Ma , . .). 
(Probably  de  Mainauduc,  possibly  Mayersbach  or  von  Mayers,  a  noted 
charlatan  attacked  by  Lettsom,  known  as  the  German  Doctor.  See  G. 
Forster,  Voyage  en  Angleterre  .  .  .  en  1790,  pp.  55-6.)  In  the  foreground 
are  three  packets  inscribed  Mag[ic]  Snuff  and  an  open  book :  Magnatic 
Effluvia  I  List  of  Cures  which  a  dog  is  befouling. 

A  satire  on  a  quack  doctor  who  advertised  magnetic  cures  for  all  diseases, 
alleged  to  have  moved  his  establishment  from  Moorfields  to  Leicester 
Fields.  Probably  J.  B.  de  Mainauduc  (or  Demainauduc),  a  practitioner  of 
animal  magnetism.  He  published  (1785)  Proposals  to  the  Ladies  for  estab- 
lishing a  Hygicen  Society  in  England  to  be  incorporated  with  that  of  Paris. 
He  was  the  rage  in  London  c.  1786,  Letters  of  Sir  G.  Elliot,  i.  111-13. 
Animal  Magnetism,  a  farce  by  Mrs.  Inchbald,  to  ridicule  the  craze,  was 
played  at  Covent  Garden,  1788  and  subsequently.  See  W.  C.  Sydney, 
England  and  the  English  in  the  i8th  Century,  i.  322-4.  Cf.  No.  6325  on 
quacks  with  electric  devices. 
6ix8iin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

Part  of  this  plate  (1.)  was  reissued  i  March  1794  in  the  Carlton  House 
Magazine,  iii  (frontispiece)  as  Animal  Magnetism  with  the  imprint  Engraved 
for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine,  6 J  X  4 J  in.  The  other  part  was  reissued, 
I  Feb.  1795  (ibid.,  p.  479),  as  The  Devil  to  Pay.  (No  imprint.)  6JX4f  in. 
B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

7749  SAMSONIC  LODGE. 

Drawn  by  Collings.  Etch'd  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C^  Feb.  r^  1790. 

Engraving.    Attic  Miscellany,  i.  161.    Illustration  to  an  account  of  the 
'Samsonic  Society,  Held  every  Week  at  the  Pied  Horse,  Chiswell  Street*. 

738 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

Under  a  canopy  (1.)  sits  the  'Noble  Grand'  or  chairman  on  a  raised  plat- 
form, on  each  side  of  him  on  a  lower  level  sits  a  'Vice  Grand'.  All  three 
wear  hats  and  (like  the  other  members)  medallions  hung  on  broad  ribbons. 
In  front  of  the  dais  is  a  draped  table  with  emblems  of  the  society ;  a  bee- 
hive, a  Holy  Bibley  with  a  punch-bowl,  wine-bottle,  and  a  writing-desk, 
beside  which  sits  the  secretary,  holding  a  pen.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  the 
doorkeeper,  a  small  man  wearing  a  lion's  skin  round  his  shoulders  and 
holding  up  a  large  club,  at  the  head  of  which  is  fixed  the  jaw-bone  of  an 
ass.  A  member,  whom  the  text  shows  to  be  Sir  Watkin  Lewes,  is  intro- 
ducing a  small  man  as  a  candidate  for  membership,  his  thumbs  being  tied 
together.  The  other  members  are  smoking  and  drinking.  In  the  fore- 
ground (1.)  sits  a  man  whose  wooden  leg,  and  a  paper  inscribed  Pension  500 
which  issues  from  his  pocket,  show  that  he  is  Brook  Watson,  see  No.  6965. 
Others  are  seated  in  the  background  (r.)  behind  a  table  with  punch-bowl, 
glasses,  and  pipes.  On  the  walls  is  a  H.L.  picture  of  Samson,  raising  the 
ass's  jawbone.  There  are  also  six  framed  coats  of  arms  of  those  who  have 
served  the  office  of  Noble  Grand.  The  room  is  lit  by  a  chandelier  com- 
posed of  two  (Argand  ?)  lamps  with  glass  chimneys,  hanging  from  the  ceil- 
ing. Cf.  Nos.  7601,  7602,  7751. 
6i»gX8f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

The  r.  part  of  this  plate  was  reissued,  i  July  1796,  as  The  Initiation  in  the 
Carlton  House  Magazine,  iv.  185.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

7750  LOTTERY  INSURANCE  OFFICE. 
Drawn  by  Collings.  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Publishd  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C""  March  i'^  1790. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  206.  Illustration  to  verses,  'The 
State  Lottery'.  The  interior  of  a  Lottery  Office.  A  clerk  (1.)  writes  at  a 
table  on  which  leans  a  poorly  dressed  tailor  holding  a  paper.  Behind,  and 
running  across  the  room,  is  a  long  counter  or  table,  behind  which  are 
clerks,  one  with  a  large  open  volume  which  he  shows  to  a  butcher  who 
stands  in  back  view,  facing  him.  A  man  drinks  from  a  punch-bowl.  In  the 
foreground  (r.)  a  ragged  man  and  his  wife  with  a  little  boy  are  leaving  the 
office,  the  man  pleased  and  confident,  the  woman  distressed.  A  dis- 
appointed customer  with  his  pocket  inside  out  makes  a  gesture  of  despair. 
Beside  him  is  a  smiling  Jew,  holding  out  a  handful  of  coins.  On  the  wall 
are  placards,  one  headed  Brewmans  list. 

A  satire  on  the  Lottery  Offices,  often  fraudulent,  which  sold  fractions 
of  lottery  tickets  and  insured  numbers  against  proving  blanks.   See  C.  L. 
Ewen,  Lotteries  and  Sweepstakes,  1932,  pp.  252  ff.,  and  cf.  No.  8073. 
In  vain  the  Legislature  cries  "Beware!" 
While  Itself  hangs  the  glittering  prize  in  air : 

Attic  Misc.,  i.  208. 
6J  X  8-|  in. 

7751  THE  LUMBER  TROOP. 
Drawn  by  Collings.  Etched  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  April  P^  1790. 

Engraving.  The  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  242.  The  members  of  the  Lumber 
Troop,  a  convivial  club,  are  seated  at  rectangular  tables,  smoking  and 

739 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

drinking.  The  chairman  or  ^colonel'  is  seated  on  a  higher  level  behind  a 
desk  on  which  are  two  lighted  candles ;  he  holds  a  hammer.  He  and  most 
of  the  members  wear  cocked  hats.  On  a  shelf  near  the  ceiling  are  ranged 
toy  cannons.  A  higher  shelf,  with  cannons,  forms  a  canopy  over  the 
colonel's  chair.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  a  drunken  man  is  seated  on  the 
floor,  holding  a  broken  pipe,  an  overturned  pot  of  porter  beside  him. 

The  Lumber  Troop  was  a  well-known  City  club  which  survived  to  the 
mid-nineteenth  century.  It  is  described  in  the  text  as  a  mere  drinking 
society,  which  originated  in  a  volunteer  corps  formed  during  the  riots  in 
Anne's  reign,  and  attached  to  the  City  Trained  Bands.  After  some  thirty 
years  of  uselessness  they  were  discharged  as  'lumber',  when  they  formed 
a  convivial  society  and  bought  twenty  cannon,  six  inches  long.  They  meet 
weekly  at  the  Gentleman  and  Porter,  New  Street  Square,  and  at  the  Eagle 
and  Child,  Shoe  Lane. 

The  club  claimed  to  have  originated  at  the  time  of  the  Spanish  Armada. 
A  meeting  in  1832  is  described  by  Charles  Knight,  Passages  of  a  Working 
Life^  ii.  176.  For  other  convivial  clubs  cf.  Nos.  7601,  7749. 
6fx8Jin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5355  c. 

The  plate  was  reissued  on  two  pages,  i  June  1795,  in  the  Carlton  House 
Magazine,  iv,  facing  p.  145.   B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

7752  THE  PARSON  AND  THE  HENS.   Vide  the  Tale  opposite. 
Drawn  by  Collings.  Etched  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs^  by  Bentley  &  C"  May  i'^  1790. 

Engraving.  Tlie  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  281.  Illustration  to  'The  Tithe  Ren- 
counter' (verse).  A  number  of  men  who  hold  hens  or  have  just  released 
them,  approach  a  stout  parson,  who  defends  himself  with  a  club  from  a 
supposed  onslaught.  A  hen  flies  over  his  head,  befouling  him  and  knocking 
off  his  wig. 

The  tithe-payers  had  been  informed  by  a  lawyer  that  a  half-hen  was 
due  on  St.  Thomas'  Day,  and  might  be  paid  by  one  hen  between  two  tithe- 
payers.  The  lawyer's  clerk  discovers  that  his  ^master  has  confused 
*Hearthen',  an  old  word  for  firewood,  with  half-hen. 

6ix8f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

7753  MANNING  THE  NAVY. 
Drawn  by  Collings.  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  C°  June  i"^  1790. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  321.  A  press-gang  is  at  work  on  Tower 
Hill,  the  Tower  wall,  the  White  Tower,  and  masts  and  sails  of  ships  form- 
ing a  background.  Six  sailors  with  bludgeons  and  two  officers  with  drawn 
sabres  are  taking  possession  of  three  men.  A  lean  and  ragged  man  (1.)  is 
seized  by  the  neckcloth  by  a  sailor  who  raises  his  club  threateningly.  A 
woman  stands  behind  clasping  her  hands  in  distress.  A  second  man  kneels 
on  the  ground.  A  very  short  obese  cobbler  (r.),  wearing  an  apron,  holds 
out  his  hand  to  an  officer,  demanding  the  King's  bounty  as  an  able-bodied 
seaman. 

The  subject  is  treated  humourously :  old  sailors  only  are  taken  (willingly), 

740 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

the  others  being  discharged.  Press  warrants  were  issued  in  May  on  account 
of  the  naval  preparations  against  Spain,  see  No.  7645,  &c.  For  a  press- 
gang  in  1779  cf.  No.  5609. 

Reproduced,  C.  N.  Robinson,  The  British  Tar  in  Fact  and  Fiction^  1909, 
P-30- 
6J  X  8i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

Reissued,  as  two  designs,  i  May  and  i  Dec.  1794,  Carlton  House  Maga- 
zine j  iii.  100,  425.   See  Catalogue,  vol.  vii.   B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

7754  THE  STRUGGLES  OF  VIRTUE.   Vide  the  Tale  on  page  409, 
Drawn  by  Collings.  Etched  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  C°  Aug^  i'^  ^790. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  409.  Illustration  to  *The  Rape  .  .  . 
Imitated  from  Cervantes*.  A  woman,  clearly  pregnant,  seizes  by  the  hair 
a  countryman  in  a  smock  frock ;  both  clutch  at  a  document  inscribed  Bond. 
An  amused  beadle  (1.)  holding  a  staff  watches  them,  as  does  a  country 
fellow.  Through  a  doorway,  behind  (1.),  is  seen  an  elderly  man  seated, 
holding  a  crutch  and  a  pipe,  supporting  a  gouty  leg  on  a  chair.  On  the  wall 
behind  him  is  a  stag's  head. 

The  woman  has  sworn  a  rape  against  the  countryman  before  the  justice, 
who  orders  him  to  draw  a  bond  bestowing  a  sum  (all  his  property)  on  the 
woman ;  she  goes  off  with  it ;  he  complains  that  the  woman  seduced  him. 
The  justice  then  orders  him  to  take  the  bond  from  her;  he  attempts  it,  but 
is  worsted.  Thereupon  the  justice  orders  her  to  restore  the  bond  as  it  is 
clear  she  could  not  have  been  raped. 

6J  X  8i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

7755  LANDING  AT  MARGATE. 
Drawn  by  Collings.   Etch^  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C°  Sep"  i^^  1790. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  441.  Illustration  to  verses  satirically 
describing  Margate.  A  procession  of  'cits'  walk  along  a  causeway  from 
the  shore,  where  they  have  been  landed  from  the  London  hoy.  Two  touts 
stand  on  the  extreme  1.,  soliciting  their  custom.  A  fat  citizen  carrying  a 
basket  of  provisions,  umbrella,  and  stick,  walks  first,  with  a  very  tall  and 
dishevelled  daughter  carrying  her  hat.  Among  the  others  is  an  old  cripple 
with  crutches  carried  in  a  chaise-a-porteurs  by  two  sailors.  Behind  is  a 
high  sea-wall  on  which  visitors  are  walking,  behind  it  are  masts  and  sails. 
On  the  r.  is  the  hoy,  and  behind,  a  line  of  coast  with  a  church  on  the 
horizon. 

A  satire  on  the  pretentiousness  and  gullibility  of  'cits',  and  on  Margate 
as  a  vulgar  watering-place.  Cf.  No.  6758,  &c. 

6f  X  8|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

Part  of  this  plate  (r.)  was  reissued,  i  March  1795,  in  the  Carlton  House 
Magazine,  iv,  frontispiece,  as  Emigrating  from  Holland,  see  Catalogue, 
vol.  vii. 

741 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7756  METROPOLITICAL  GUNNERY.    Vide  The  Cockneid. 
Drawn  by  Collings.  EtcM  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bejitley  &  C"  OcV  J,  lygo. 

Engraving.  The  Attic  Miscellany,  ii,  frontispiece.  Illustration  to  verses, 
*The  Cockneid'.  A  party  of  London  tradesmen  shooting  on  the  outskirts 
of  London,  St.  Paul's  (r.)  in  the  background.  They  are  grouped  together 
near  a  large  tree  (r.).  One  (1.)  (shutting  his  eyes)  fires  at  an  owl;  another, 
his  gun  supported  on  the  shoulder  of  a  companion,  aims  at  a  row  of  hen- 
coops. One  rams  the  muzzle  of  a  blunderbuss ;  the  head  of  a  goose  projects 
from  his  pocket.  A  stout  man  holds  up  a  hen.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  a  man 
is  seated  on  the  ground  cutting  a  loaf,  beside  a  joint  of  beef  and  a  small 
barrel.  All  the  sportsmen  wear  top-boots,  they  have  a  motley  assortment 
of  dogs,  one  a  bull-dog.  The  cockney  sportsman  was  a  favourite  theme, 
cf.  Nos.  6883,  7808,  7809,  8208. 
6i^  X  8/6  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

7757  LORD-MAYOR'S  DAY  PICKINGS. 
Drawn  by  Collings  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  Nov  i"*  1790. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  66.  Illustration  to  *Ode  upon  Lord 
Mayor's  Day,  1790'.  A  party  of  city  gormandizers  seated  at  a  table  in  the 
Guildhall  at  some  distance  from  the  Lord  Mayor's  table  which  extends 
across  the  room  in  the  background.  The  guests  are  eating  savagely  and 
grossly:  one  gnaws  a  large  bone,  two  thrust  their  knives  and  forks  com- 
petitively into  a  dish,  a  third  uses  his  hands,  and  is  pushed  back  by  a 
fourth.  The  servants  look  on  with  amusement.  A  cook  (1.)  approaches 
with  a  large  pudding.  In  the  foreground  are  a  heap  of  bottles  and  a  mound 
of  dirty  plates  which  dogs  are  ransacking.  Hats  are  hung  on  a  chandelier. 
In  the  background  the  Lord  Mayor  gives  a  toast;  he  and  all  his  guests 
stand  to  drink  it. 

The  verses  satirize  the  annual  procession  by  coach  and  water  and  the 
feast  in  the  Guildhall : 

Each  squeezing,  puffing,  panting  to  be  first, 

To  gormandize  and  cram  till  all  their  waistcoats  burst! 

6|x8J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

Reissued,  as  two  designs,  i  June  1794  and  i  Jan.  1795  in  the  Carlton 
House  Magazine,  iii.  100,  465  as  A  Peep  at  a  City  Feast  and  A  Sketch  of 
Lord  Mayor's  Day.     B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

7758  [TWO  HEADS  IN  ONE.] 

Kf  lygo 

Engraving.  Design  in  a  circle.  No  title.  A  profile  head  so  drawn  as  to 
represent  a  different  person  when  turned  upside  down.  The  head  in 
profile  to  the  1.  wears  a  round  hat,  and  is  intended  for  Lord  Monboddo, 
the  other  wears  a  cocked  hat,  both  have  the  same  wig.   See  No.  7617,  &c. 

'Collection',  No.  133.   Kay,  No.  CCCXLVIII. 
Diam.  2  in. 

742 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

7759  THE  LAWYER 
THE  CLIENT. 

K  lygo 

Engraving.  A  profile  head  so  drawn  as  to  represent  a  different  person 
when  turned  upside  down.  The  lawyer  is  in  profile  to  the  1.,  wearing  a 
short  bushy  wig.  He  grins,  his  nose  is  swollen  and  blotched  with  drink. 
The  client,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wears  a  hat  and  has  an  expression  of  great 
distress.   A  copy  of  No.  7619. 

'Collection',  No.  132.   Kay,  No.  CCCXLVH. 
2i^6X2jin. 

7760  THE  LOVER. 

THE  HUSBAND.  [i  Jan.  1790] 

Dublin.  Published  by  T.  Walker  yg  Dame  Street. 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine^  1789,  p.  652.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  man's 
profile  head  so  drawn  as  to  represent  a  good-looking  smiling  young  man 
when  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.  When  turned  upside  down  it  becomes 
the  head  of  an  angry  man  wearing  a  nightcap  in  profile  to  the  r.  See 
No.  7617,  &c. 
Oval,  3|x  3  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7761  PRIZE.    HA!  HA!  HA! 

BLANK.     OH!  DAMN  IT.  [i  Jan.  1790] 

From  an  Original  Drawing  made  in  Walker^s  Lottery  Office  N°  yg 
Dame  St. 

Engraving.   Hibernian  Magazine^  1789,  p.  617.    Engraving.    A  woman's 
head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  laughing,  so  drawn  that  when  turned  upside 
down  it  becomes  the  head  of  a  frowning  man  in  profile  to  the  1.    See 
No.  7617,  &c. 
6JX4f  in.  (pi.).  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7762  HIS  WIFE  &  HER  GALLANT. 

THE  PARSON  &  DYING  MAN.  [Jan.  1790] 

London^  Published  by  T.  Walker  yg  Dame  Street. 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine ^  1789  (Appendix),  p.  684.  Design  in  an 
oval.  A  pair  of  heads  facing  each  other  in  profile,  so  drawn  as  to  represent 
different  persons  when  turned  upside  down.  A  buxom  and  smiling  woman 
in  profile  to  the  r.  faces  a  smiling  man  wearing  a  cocked  hat.  This  becomes 
a  parson  wearing  a  low-crowned  hat  facing  a  head  wearing  a  nightcap. 

See  No.  7617,  &c. 
4jX3Ain.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7763  TASTE,  A-LA-MODE  1745. 

TASTE,  A-LA-MODE  1790.  [i  Aug.  1790] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine,  i79o>  ii-  !•  Two  designs  on  one  plate, 
both  depicting  'the  follies  of  Dublin'.    One  (1.),  the  'City  Bason',  has  a 

743 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

background  of  formal  avenues  of  clipped  trees  on  each  side  of  a  'long 
water'  receding  in  perspective.  The  women  wear  wide-hooped  petticoats 
with  sacques,  caps  over  closely  dressed  hair ;  one  has  a  wide-brimmed  hat. 
They  hold  fans.  The  men  wear  cocked  hats,  full-skirted  coats  with  wide 
cuffs,  ruffles,  high-quartered  shoes  with  exaggerated  tongues.  The  men 
and  women  glance  at  each  other;  two  men  embrace. 

In  1790  the  scene  is  the  Rotunda  Gardens  at  the  back  of  the  Rotunda 
which  appears  above  a  connecting  colonnade  between  two  wings  of  a  large 
building  whose  general  plan  resembles  that  of  Buckingham  House.  These 
are  'the  new  gardens',  the  fashionable  promenade  of  the  year  1790.  The 
women  wear  high-crowned  hats  with  narrow  brims  (of  masculine  shape), 
trimmed  with  feathers,  or  hats  with  conical  brims  and  puffed  crowns 
trimmed  with  ribbons.  Their  petticoats  are  extended  with  draperies  at  the 
back,  but  fall  almost  straight  in  front.  Their  busts  still  project  extravagantly 
as  in  No.  7099,  &c.  Their  hair  is  curled  at  the  side  and  hangs  down  the 
back  below  the  waist.  The  men  have  a  narrow  elongated  appearance,  wear- 
ing closely  fitting  sparrow-tail  coats  and  long  breeches  with  top-boots  or 
pumps.  Their  hair  is  usually  in  a  short  queue  between  side  pieces;  one 
only  has  short  (not  cropped  hair) ;  small  whiskers  are  general. 

Both  illustrate  the  absurdities  of  fashion,  but  in  1790,  *the  once  all 
powerful  taste  of  Paris  .  .  .  bends  submission  to  the  superior  genius  of 
London'.  For  these  fashions  see  No.  7251,  &c.  and  cf.  Nos.  8040,  8044. 

The  1790  scene  is  reproduced,  C.  Maxwell,  Dublin  under  the  Georges^ 
1936,  p.  255. 

Each  print,  6f  X9f  in.  PL,  "j^Xc.  20 J  in.  (clipped). 

B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  kc. 

7764  FRENCHMEN  IN  NOVEMBER  [i  Nov.  1790] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine ^  1790,  ii.  289.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  7765.  Seven  volatile  Frenchmen,  isolated  figures,  are  unaffected  by 
the  gloom  of  the  season.  The  centre  figure  is  a  fat  monk  seated  in  an  arm- 
chair, eating  and  drinking.  Next  him  (1.)  an  abbe  sits  playing  a  fiddle  and 
beating  time  with  his  foot.  A  foppish  military  officer  takes  a  pinch  of  snuff 
admiring  himself  in  a  hand-mirror.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  fashionably 
dressed  man  seated  in  an  arm-chair,  gesticulating  cheerfully,  personifies: 
*The  statesman,  in  deep  philosophic  trance'.  On  the  r.  of  the  monk  sits 
a  man  caressing  the  head  of  a  dog  on  its  hind-legs  with  its  paws  in  a  muff. 
Next  him  is  a  huntsman  wearing  jack-boots  and  a  sword,  blowing  a  horn 
and  cracking  a  whip.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  man  dances  a  pas  seul^  raising 
his  hat.  All  are  characters  of  the  ancien  regime. 

This  and  No.  7765  are  probably  copied  from  a  print  advertised  by 
Fores :  'Frenchmen  and  Englishmen  in  the  month  of  November,  in  colours, 
5s.'  Fores 's  New  Guide  for  Foreigners.  .  .  . 

6i|x  22  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7765  ENGLISHMEN  IN  NOVEMBER.  [i  Dec.  1790] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine^  i790>  P-  385.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  7764.  Eight  Englishmen  all  seated  and  having  attitudes  and  express- 
ions ranging  from  ennui  to  despair.  They  are  described  in  the  text  as 
dreaming  of,  or  brooding  on,  calamities  or  disappointment.  A  man  wearing 
regimentals  on  the  extreme  r.  puts  a  pistol  to  his  head.  The  man  next  him 

744 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

looks  at  an  open  book  on  the  ground  inscribed  Wertetj  he  holds  a  dagger; 
from  his  favourite  author  *he  has  learnt  to  justify,  and  to  practice  Self- 
murder!'. 

For  the  tragedy  of  Werter  see  No.  7054.  The  addiction  of  Englishmen 
to  suicide  was  a  conmion  topic  of  foreign  writers  on  England  in  the 
eighteenth  century. 

7jX22i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

7766  TRANSPLANTING  OF  TEETH. 
Rowlandson  lySy. 

London  Pu¥  by  W""  Hollandy  N°  50,  Oxford  Street,  17 go. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fashionable  dentist  is  extracting  the 
teeth  of  the  poor  in  order  to  insert  'live  teeth*  immediately  into  the  jaws  of 
his  patients.  In  the  centre  a  young  chimney-sweep  sits  in  an  arm-chair, 
over  the  back  of  which  the  dentist  leans,  holding  the  boy's  head,  and  insert- 
ing an  instrument  into  his  mouth.  Next  (1.)  a  lady  sits  in  a  similar  chair 
watching  the  sweep  with  a  pained  and  angry  expression ;  she  holds  a  smell- 
ing-bottle to  her  nose ;  she  has  just  endured  an  extraction  and  is  about  to 
receive  a  transplantation.  On  the  r.  a  good-looking  young  lady  leans  back, 
her  fists  clenched  in  pain,  while  a  spectacled  dentist  peers  closely  into  her 
face,  placing  his  instrument  in  her  mouth.  Behind  her  a  lean,  ugly,  and 
elderly  man  wearing  regimentals  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  a 
mirror  in  which  he  inspects  his  mouth  with  a  dissatisfied  expression.  On 
the  1.  a  ragged  boy  and  girl  are  leaving  the  room,  both  crying  with  pain : 
the  girl  inspects  the  coin  in  her  hand.  On  the  door  is  a  placard:  Most 
Money  Given  for  live  Teeth.  A  placard  on  the  wall  is  headed  by  a  coronet 

and  two  ducks,  indicating  quackery :  Baron  Ron Dentist  to  her  High 

Mightiness  the  Empress  of  Russia.  Ci.  No.  6760. 

Another  imprint  has  been  erased:  Grego  supplies  J.  Harris,  37  Dean 
Street,  Soho. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  211-12.     Reproduced,  Weber,  p.  66. 
lof  Xi6|  in. 

7767  A  KICK-UP  AT  A  HAZARD  TABLE! 

Rowlandson. 

London  Published  March  ijgo  by  W""  Holland  Oxford  Street 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted  (coloured  impression).  A  wild  affray  round 
a  circular  gaming-table  seen  at  close  range,  only  the  heads  and  shoulders 
of  those  on  the  nearer  side  of  the  table  being  visible.  An  angry  military 
officer  wearing  a  cocked  hat,  with  an  empty  wallet  on  the  table  before  him, 
leans  forward  aiming  his  pistol  at  a  lean  and  elderly  man  whose  chapeau 
bras  and  long  pigtail  indicate  that  he  is  French.  The  latter  covers  a  pile 
of  guineas  with  his  hand  and  aims  a  pistol  at  his  assailant.  Some  of  the 
players  are  falling  over  in  their  eagerness  to  escape.  Between  the  com- 
batants, and  on  the  further  side  of  the  table,  one  man  holds  a  chair  above 
his  head,  about  to  smite  the  officer;  a  fellow-officer  raises  a  bottle  and  a 
candle-stick  to  strike  the  Frenchman.  All  the  persons  (sixteen)  are  in 
violent  action,  with  which  their  expressions  correspond.    Some  are  in 

745 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

flight,  others  about  to  intervene.   On  the  table  are  a  triple  candle-stick,  a 
dice-box  and  dice,  a  sword,  a  hat  containing  coins,  and  a  purse. 
Grego,  Rowlandsotiy  i.  273-4. 

I3lxi8|in. 

7768  FROG  HUNTING. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  Jany  10.  lygo  by  I.  Rowlandson  N'*  50  Poland  Street, 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Three  Frenchmen  stand  crouching  in  a 
shallow  pond  trying  to  catch  the  frogs  which  swim  wildly.  They  are 
unsuitably  dressed  for  their  occupation.  Two  wear  swords,  one  with 
chapeau  braSy  and  a  long  pigtail  queue,  the  other  two  have  bag- wigs.  A 
woman  wearing  short  petticoats,  frilled  cap,  and  a  cross  suspended  from 
her  neck,  stands  on  the  bank  holding  a  sunshade  and  four  frogs  strung  on 
a  stick.   Behind  are  trees. 

7f  Xiof  in. 

7769  FOUR  O'CLOCK  IN  TOWN. 
Designed  &  Etch'd  by  T,  Rowlandson. 

Pub  Octr  20.  lygo  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted,  resembling  a  pen  drawing.  A  young  rake, 
intoxicated  and  dejected,  is  seated  in  an  arm-chair  (1.),  holding  an  empty 
purse,  while  two  young  maidservants  put  him  to  bed:  one  (1.)  supports 
him;  the  other  (r.)  draws  off  a  stocking.  Beside  him  is  a  low  table  with 
jug,  basin,  &c.  He  wears  a  cocked  hat  and  regimentals,  his  sword  and 
shoes  are  on  the  floor,  as  is  a  lighted  candle.  From  a  curtained  bed  (r.)  his 
wife  watches  with  distress.  Behind  are  a  draped  dressing-table  and  a 
chimney-piece.  Above  is  an  oval  picture  or  medallion. 
Grego,  RozvlandsoUj  i.  280-1. 

9ixi3  in. 

A  companion  print  of  the  same  date  (not  in  B.M.)  is  'Four  o'clock  in 
the  Country':  a  fox-hunter  drawing  on  his  boots,  amid  preparations  by 
huntsmen,  grooms,  &c.   Ibid.,  pp.  281-2. 

7770  [A  SIGN-PAINTERS  WORKSHOP.]  [c.  1790] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving,  in  outline.  Proof  before  letters.  The  interior  of  a  workshop 
with  figures.  Three  men  stand  together:  a  workman  holding  on  his  head 
a  pile  of  three  painter's  pots,  listens  to  an  elderly  man  wearing  a  cocked 
hat  and  spectacles  who  reads  from  a  paper.  They  are  watched  by  a  work- 
man holding  a  curiously  shaped  bench  in  which  are  slots.  A  fashionably 
dressed  young  man  sits  at  an  easel  (r.)  painting  the  lettering  on  a  large 
board :  Alam[ode]  Beef  &  Sallard  Read[y]  morning  noon  and  night  Sauslages] 
hot  bak'd  faggots  of  th[e]  highest  flavour.  He  uses  a  mahlstick.  A  seated 
workman  (r.)  pours  the  contents  of  a  large  jar  into  a  painter's  pot.  An  old 
man  (1.)  stands  at  a  table  kneading  a  lump  of  ( ?)  colour.  A  large  Ali-Baba 

746 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

jar  stands  beside  the  table.   In  the  back  wall  are  a  window  and  an  open 
(street)  door;  casks,  jars,  and  pots  with  brushes  are  scattered  about. 

The  painter  has  some  resemblance  to  George  Morland, 
lojx  14!  in. 

7771  SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS  SKETCH  iST 
IN  HIGH  SPIRITS! 

G.  M.  Woodward  Delin. 

London  Pub.  by  W.  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street  Nov^  i.  1790, 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  One  of  a  set  of  six,  see  Nos.  7772-6.  A 
lean  man  wearing  a  hat  sits  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  a  large  frothing 
tankard  and  smoking  a  long  pipe.  His  expression  is  one  of  pleased  anticipa- 
tion. Before  him  (r.)  is  a  round  table  on  which  are  a  tobacco-box  and 
lighted  lantern.  Behind  is  a  casement  window,  its  blackness  indicating 
night.  Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7777,  &c.,  and  No.  7782,  &c. 
lof  X7f  in.  *  Caricatures',  ix.  62. 

7772  SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS.  SKETCH  2 
HALF  GROGGY!^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  short  stout  man  stands  in  profile  to  the 
r.,  holding  a  tumbler  of  spirits,  his  eyes  closed.   His  hat  is  awry  and  his 
dress  disordered.   See  No.  7771,  &c. 
iojIx  6f  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  63. 

7773  SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS     SKETCH  3D 
THREE  PARTS  GONE?^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  butcher  sits  in  an  arm-chair  beside  a 
round  table  on  which  are  a  bottle  and  glass,  a  lighted  candle,  and  a  tobacco- 
box.  He  grins  foolishly  with  closed  eyes,  spilling  the  wine  from  the  glass 
which  he  holds,  and  holding  his  lighted  pipe  upside  down.  He  wears  an 
apron  with  a  steel  hanging  from  the  waist  and  over-sleeves.  See  No. 
7771,  &c. 
io|X7i  i^-  'Caricatures',  ix.  64. 

7774  SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS     SKETCH  4TH 
HOW  CAME  YOU  SO?^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).   A  man  stands,  or  totters  from  I.  to  r.,  in 
profile,  his  head  bent  down,  yawning  widely.    A  leathern  apron  and 
unkempt  appearance  suggest  the  shoemaker.  See  No.  7771,  &c. 
io|x6J  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  65. 

7775  SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS  SKETCH  5TH 
AS  DRUNK  AS  A  LORD?^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  An  unshaven  man  with  closed  eyes,  torn 
coat,  and  dishevelled  dress,  runs  or  staggers  from  1.  to  r.,  his  (dirty)  1.  hand 
extended,  his  r.  in  his  waistcoat  pocket.   See  No.  7771,  &c. 
lof  X6|  in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  66. 

*  Signature  and  imprint  as  No.  7771. 

747 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7776  SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS     SKETCH  6TH 
QUITE  FINISHED?^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  man  sleeps,  his  r.  arm  over  the  back 
of  his  chair,  his  1.  leg  on  a  round  table  (r.)  on  which  are  a  punch-bowl  and 
a  smoking  candle  burnt  to  the  socket.  He  wears  a  night-cap,  with  un- 
gartered  stockings ;  his  1.  slipper  has  fallen  under  the  table.  A  broken  wine- 
glass falls  to  the  ground.  See  No.  7771,  &c. 
io|x8|  in.  ^Caricatures*,  ix.  67. 

7777  THE  CURATE. 
[After  Woodward.] 

London  hu¥  [sic]  Dec^  i.  lygo  by  W  Holland  AT^  50,  Oxford  S^ 

Aquatint.  One  of  a  set  of  five,^  see  Nos.  7778-81.  A  curate  stands  in 
profile  to  the  r.  at  a  reading-desk  in  a  country  church,  reading  from  a  large 
book  on  which  both  hands  are  placed.  He  wears  a  surplice  over  spurred 
jack-boots.  Behind  him  (1.)  steps  ascend  to  the  pulpit,  below  (r.)  the  clerk 
in  his  box  leans  back  asleep.  Another  sleeping  man  leans  against  the 
clerk's  box.  In  the  background  is  seen  the  end  of  a  gallery  in  which  six 
persons  are  seated.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

" And  first,— the  Curate, 

Humming  and  hawing  to  his  drowsy  herd 

Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7771,  &c.,  and  No.  7782,  &c. 
iilxSj^giri. 

7778  THE  VICAR.3 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  parson  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  a  paper  at  which  he 
glares  angrily  through  a  single  eye-glass.  Facing  him  impassively  stands 
a  yokel  with  tousled  hair  wearing  a  smock  and  gaiters,  his  hat  under  his 
arm,  a  tall  stick  in  his  1.  hand.  The  vicar  wears  an  old-fashioned  coat, 
high-quartered  shoes,  and  a  gaping  waistcoat;  a  cocked  hat,  gloves,  and 
cane,  show  an  attempt  at  fashionable  dress.  The  paper  is  inscribed :  Tithe 
Table  Greens  .  .  .  Carrots  .  .  .  T[urn\ips  .  .  .  Apples.  Beneath  the  design 
is  etched: 

Then  the  Vicar 

*'Full  of  fees  customary,  with  his  burying  gloves  ; 

*^ Jealous  of  his  rights,  and  apt  to  quarrel; 

*' Claiming  his  paltry  penny  farthing  tithes 

"E'en  at  the  Lawyers  price 
See  No.  7777,  &c. 
iijx8f  in. 

7779  THE  PRIEST^ 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  slim,  fashionably  dressed  man,  wearing  a  curiously  striped 
coat  with  a  high  collar,  and  very  closely  fitting  breeches,  sits  at  a  small 

^  Signature  and  imprint  as  No.  777 1- 

2  Possibly  there  is  a  missing  print:  ?  The  Rector.  ^  Imprint  as  No.  7777. 

748 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES     I  79O 

writing-desk  on  which  is  a  large  sheet  of  paper.   He  gazes  meditatively  in 
profile  to  the  r.   His  r.  arm  is  thrown  over  the  back  of  his  chair;  he  holds 
a  pen;  his  1.  hand  rests  on  the  paper,  displaying  tapering  fingers  with  a 
large  ring  on  the  fourth  finger.   A  curtain  festooned  above  his  head  and 
dark  shadows  in  the  foreground  suggest  the  theatre.   Beneath  is  etched : 
"         Then  the  smart  Priest 
*^  Writing  extempore  {forsooth!)  a  sonnet 
^^ Quaint  to  his  Mistress^  shoe  string. 
See  No.  7777,  &c.    He  has  some  resemblance  to  Charles  Este,  see 
No.  7697. 
iiJxSf  in. 

7780  THE  PEDAGOGUE.* 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  The  interior  of  a  village  schoolroom,  showing  a  casement 
window  with  a  row  of  pegs  for  hats.  The  schoolmaster,  wearing  clerical 
bands,  sits  primly  beside  a  writing-desk,  a  cane  under  his  arm,  his  hands 
folded  with  the  thumbs  touching.  His  eyes  are  closed,  and  his  expression 
is  sour.  Before  him  (r.)  stands  a  boy,  holding  an  open  A  B  C  .  .,  and 
gaping  at  his  master.   Beneath  is  etched : 

And  then  the  Pedagogue  with  formal  wig^ 
His  night  gown  and  his  cane;  ruling  like  Turky 
All  in  his  dusty  School. 
iiJxSJ  in. 

7781  THE  WELCH  PARSON.* 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  ragged  man,  wearing  clerical  bands,  stands  full  face.  He  wears 
a  wide-brimmed  hat,  his  toes  protrude  through  one  shoe.  He  looks  down- 
wards with  a  meditative  grimace,  one  arm  held  out  towards  a  church 
steeple  among  trees.   Mountains  form  a  background.   Beneath  is  etched : 

" Best  scene  of  ally 

"With  which  I  close  this  reverend  description^ 

"Is  your  Welch  Par  son  ^  with  his  noble  living  y 

"Sans  shoes y  Sans  hosCy  sans  breeches y  sans  every  thing. 
For  the  traditional  poverty  of  the  Welsh  parson,  cf.  No.  3784. 
nixSj^gin. 

7782  A  JEMMY 
[After  Woodward.] 

London  Pub:  Dec:  i.  17 go.  by  W.  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street 

Aquatint.  One  of  a  set  of  six,  see  Nos.  7783-8.  A  young  man  walks  1.  to 
r.,  holding  out  a  small  cane  between  his  1.  thumb  and  forefinger;  his  r. 
hand  in  his  waistcoat  pocket.  He  wears  a  cocked  hat  and  shirt-frill  but  is 
plainly  dressed,  with  buckled  shoes.   Beneath  is  etched : 

Among  the  simple  ones  I  discerned  a  Young  Man  void  of  understanding. 

Proverbs  Chap  7^*  Verse  7. 
'  Imprint  as  No.  7777. 

749 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

'Jemmy  Fellow.  A  smart  spruce  fellow.'  Grose,  Classical  Diet,  of  the 
Vulgar  Tongue y  1796.  Hawkesworth  traces  a  disreputable  gradation  from 
a  Greenhorn  to  a  Blood,  through  Jemmy,  Jessamy,  Smart,  Honest  Fellow, 
Joyous  Spirit,  Buck.  Adventurer^  20  Oct.  1753.  Similar  in  manner  to 
No.  7771,  &c.,  and  No.  7777,  &c. 
iijx8  in. 

7783  A  JESSAMY^ 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  young  man  dressed  in  the  height  of  the  fashion  walks  r.  to  1., 
holding  a  single  eye-glass,  attached  by  a  ribbon  to  his  coat,  before  his 
closed  eye.  A  cane  is  held  under  his  1.  arm,  head  downwards.  He  wears 
a  cocked  hat,  cut-away  coat,  with  a  high  collar,  long,  high-waisted  and 
closely  fitting  breeches,  a  ruffled  shirt.  His  waistcoat  and  stockings  have 
large  horizontal  stripes.  Rosettes  of  ribbon  hang  like  seals  from  his  fobs 
and  decorate  the  tops  of  his  stockings  and  his  shoes.   Beneath  is  etched : 

A  Wise  Son  maketh  a  glad  Father;  but  a  Foolish  Son  is  the  heaviness  of  his 
Mother  J  Proverbs — Chap. — 10 — Verse  P^ 

'Jessamy.   A  smart  jemmy  fellow,  a  fopling.*   Grose,  Classical  Diet,  of 
the  Vulgar  Tongue,  1796.  See  No.  7782,  &c. 
iifxSin. 

7784  A  SMART' 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  man  in  profile  to  the  1.,  advances,  bowing,  his  r.  hand  in  his 
breeches  pocket,  his  1.  hand  extended.  He  is  chapeau  bras  and  wears  a  bag- 
wig  and  ruffles,  with  a  long  sword.  Beneath  is  etched : 

*Mw  inheritance  may  be  gotten  hastily  at  the  beginning 

"But  the  end  thereof  shall  not  be  blessed. 

Proverbs — Chap — 20** — Verse  21^ 

'Smarts*  are  included  by  Steele  in  categories  of  dispraise.   Tatler,  No. 
223,  12  Sept.  1710.  See  No.  7782,  &c. 

7785  AN  HONEST  FELLOW' 
[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  man  in  profile  to  the  1.  bends  slightly  over  a  printed  sheet 
held  in  his  r.  hand.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  bludgeon-like  stick.  He  is  plainly 
but  fashionably  dressed,  wearing  his  own  short  hair,  a  cocked  hat,  a  neck- 
cloth, a  short  striped  waistcoat,  and  short  wrinkled  top-boots.  Beneath  is 
etched : 

"  He  that  loveth  pleasure  shall  be  a  poor  man 
He  that  loveth  wine,  and  oyl,  shall  not  be  rich 

Proverbs — Chap — 21^^ — Verse  if^ 
See  No.  7782,  &c. 
1 1 X  8  in. 

'  Imprint  as  No.  7782. 
750 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL   SATIRES    179O 

7786  A  CHOICE  SPIRIT^ 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  man  leers  tipsily  or  foolishly,  holding  his  hands  on  his  pro- 
truding stomach.  He  wears  a  cocked  hat,  a  coat  with  high  collar  and 
lapels,  striped  breeches,  buckled  shoes.  His  breeches  are  unfastened  at 
the  knee,  his  stockings  wrinkled,  and  one  shoe  unbuckled.  Beneath  is 
etched : 

He  that  walketh  zoith  wise  men  shall  be  wise; 

but  a  Companion  of  fools  shall  be  destroyed 

Proverbs — Chap — i^^ — Verse  11*^. 
See  No.  7782,  &c. 
iiJX7jin. 

7787  A  BUCK' 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  young  man  stands  with  both  hands  in  his  breeches  pockets, 
a  bludgeon  under  his  r.  arm.  He  walks  (1.  to  r.)  with  a  shambling  gait;  his 
eyes  are  closed,  his  hair  short  and  lank.  He  wears  a  round  high-crowned 
hat;  his  dress  is  fashionable  but  dishevelled  (cf.  No.  7791).  Beneath  is 
etched  : 

'*Wine  is  a  mocker — strong  drink  is  r aging y  and  whosoever  is  deceived 
*' thereby  is  not  wise 

Proverbs — Chap.  20*^.  Verse  i^ 

*'It  is  sport  to  a  fooly  to  do  mischief; — but  a  man  of  Understanding  has 
*' Wisdom 

Proverbs — Chap — 10 — Verse  23^. 

*A  buck  of  the  first  head,  one  who  in  debauchery  surpasses  the  rest  of 
his  companions,  a  blood  or  choice  spirit.'    Grose,  Classical  Diet,  of  the 
Vulgar  Tongue^  1796.   See  No.  7782,  &c. 
iiX7jiin. 

7788  A  BLOOD' 

[After  Woodward.] 

Aquatint.  A  man  wearing  leg-irons  stands  full  face,  his  arms  behind  his 
back.  He  frowns;  on  his  cheek  is  a  patch.  He  wears  fashionable  riding- 
dress,  with  a  cocked  hat,  striped  waistcoat,  and  boots  with  deep  tops.  His 
breeches  pockets  hang  inside  out.  He  appears  to  be  a  spendthrift  turned 
highwayman.  Beneath  is  etched : 

''Judgements  are  prepared  for  scorners,  and  stripes  for  the  Back  of  Fools — 

Proverbs — Chap — Jp'*  Verse — 29'* 

The  light  of  the  righteous  rejoyceth:  but  the  lamp  of  the  wicked  shall  be 
put  out. 

Proverbs — Chap — rj^*  Verse  9^* 

'Blood.  A  riotous  disorderly  fellow.'  Grose,  Classical  Diet,  of  the  Vulgar 
Tongue,  1796.  See  No.  7782,  &c. 

ii|x8in. 

'  Imprint  as  No.  7782. 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7789  [?A  KNOWING  ONE] 

R.  Dighton.  del.  N  i 

Pu¥  Aug*  r*  lygo  by  H.  Humphrey ^  N  i8  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  7790,  7791,  but  scarcely  a  carica- 
ture. H.L.  portrait  of  a  man  in  profile  to  the  1.  His  hair  is  tied  in  a  queue 
and  arranged  with  a  long  side-curl.  He  wears  a  looped  cocked  hat,  double- 
breasted  coat  with  a  high  collar,  a  cravat  tied  in  a  bow;  under  his  arm  is 
a  rattan  cane  with  tassels.  'Tetherington'  is  written  on  one  impression. 
Cf.  Nos.  7747,  7914. 
7i|x6iin.  (pL). 

A  mezzotint  from  this  design,  the  expression  of  the  face  slightly  altered, 
was  published  as  No.  357  in  Bowles  and  Carver's  smaller  series,  9  Nov. 
1795,  with  the  title  A  Knowing  One  (cf.  No.  8037). 

7790  [A  BEAU] 
[After  Dighton.] 

Pu¥  Aug*  r*  lygo  by  H.  Humphrey,  N""  18  Old  Bo?id  Street. 

Engraving.  No  title.  H.L.  portrait  of  a  man  directed  to  the  1.  and  looking 
to  the  r.  with  a  smile,  a  single  eye-glass  held  to  his  r.  eye.  His  hair  is 
much  frizzed  out  at  the  sides  and  tied  in  a  queue.  He  wears  a  coat  with 
a  high  collar,  a  fringed  cravat  tied  in  a  bow,  a  shirt-frill.  His  coat  is  buttoned 
at  the  waist,  forming  wrinkles.  He  wears  a  glove.  Under  his  1.  arm  is  a 
very  small  cane. 

A  satire  on  costume,  see  No,  7791.  Copied  for  Bowles's  series  of  mezzo- 
tints, see  No.  8053. 
7iix6ftin.(pl.). 

7791  [A  DEEP  ONE] 
[After  Dighton.] 

Pu¥  Aug*  I'*  1790.  by.  H.  Humphrey,  A^"  18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving.  No  title.  H.L.  portrait  of  a  man  in  profile  to  the  r.,  scowling, 
with  protruding  lower  jaw.  A  satire  on  costume.  His  hair  is  cropped 
straight  across  the  forehead  just  above  the  eyebrows,  and  tied  in  a  queue 
with  a  side-curl,  and  he  wears  whiskers.  He  wears  a  round  hat  with  a 
moderately  high  crown,  coat  buttoned  at  the  waist  and  having  a  quadruple 
collar,  neck-cloth  tied  and  knotted ;  a  bludgeon  under  his  arm. 

The  short  thick  bludgeon  and  the  knotted  neck-cloth  were  said  (1786) 
to  go  with  a  fierce  air,  while  a  'lolling  air'  went  with  an  open  waistcoat  and 
slender  switch,  cf.  No.  71 16.  See  No.  7787,  &c.  A  copy  (reversed)  or  the 
original  of  No.  7792. 
7ix6iyn.(pl.). 

7792  [A  DEEP  ONE]^  [?  1790] 

[After  Dighton.] 

Stipple.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  man  (H.L.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  a  bludgeon 
under  his  arm.    He  looks  slyly  out  of  the  corners  of  his  eyes.    A  copy 
*  In  a  contemporary  hand. 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES    179O 

(reversed)  or  the  original  of  No.  7791.  His  attitude,  expression,  and  dress 

closely  resemble  those  of  No.  8037. 

7X5iin. 

7793  MY  ASS  IN  A  BAND  BOX.  [?  c,  1790] 

R  Dighton  fecit. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  boy  is  seated  on  an  ass  which  stands 
in  a  rectangular  band-box.  He  is  directed  to  the  r.  and  looks  at  the 
spectator  grinning,  his  1.  hand  extended  as  if  pointing.  He  wears  a  round 
hat,  a  handkerchief  knotted  round  his  neck,  ungartered  stockings,  shoes 
tied  with  strings,  and  a  bludgeon  under  his  r.  arm. 

The  title  (*on'  substituted  for  *in')  was  a  coarse  answer  to  the  offer  of  any^ 
thing  inadequate  to  the  purpose,  as  a  band-box  for  a  seat.   Grose,  Diet. 
Vulg.  Tongue ^  1796. 
7|X5|in.  (pi.). 

7794  A  RAIN  BEAU. 
S 

Pub.  May  5, 1790.  by  S  W Fores  N  3  Piccadilly.  Where  may  be  seen 
the  Completest  Collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  Kingdom  Admitt. 
I  Shill.  Prints  &  Caricatures,  Stationary,  Colours,  &  every 
Requisite  for  Drawing,  Wholesale  &  Retail. 

Engraving.  A  slim  young  man  walks  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  a  small  flat 
umbrella  on  a  long  stick,  which  gives  little  protection  from  the  slanting 
rain.  He  wears  a  high  hat  with  a  cylindrical  crown,  a  short  cut-away  coat, 
bulky  swathed  neck-cloth ;  long  tight  breeches  reach  to  his  calf,  where  they 
are  tied  with  ribbons;  his  low  wrinkled  top-boots  show  striped  stockings 
above  them.  Two  seals  hang  from  his  fob.  He  walks  mincingly,  holding 
a  small  cane.  Behind  (r.)  a  man  bending  forward  to  meet  the  wind  and 
rain  is  about  to  collide  with  a  woman  carrying  a  tub  on  her  head.  A  high 
stone  wall  forms  a  background.  Cf.  No.  7805. 
iii^gXSJin. 

7795  CUT  AND  COME  AGAIN. 

S.  Collings  delin.  JT  sc,  lygo^ 

London  Pub.  Jan^  i,  J79  J,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  AT"  3,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  men  sit  opposite  each  other  at  a 
sparsely  laid  table.  A  grinning  waiter  stands  behind  the  table  holding  two 
tumblers  on  a  salver.  The  stout  host  (r.)  carves  a  single  chop ;  his  lean  and 
melancholy  guest  holds  up  a  knife  and  fork,  watching  the  dish  disconso- 
lately. A  bracket  clock  (r.)  shows  that  it  is  4.30.  The  feet  of  the  seated 
men  are  cut  off  by  the  lower  margin.  Below  the  title  is  engraved :  Come 
Sir  you  don't  Eat — Oh  His  a  most  excellent  chop — Waiter  bring  the  gentleman 
some  more  bread,  F II  just  take  this  morsel.  Sir — Fm  afraid  you'll  make  but  a 
poor  dinner — Waiter  bring  the  cheese. 
6|x8iiin. 

753  3C 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7796  WET  SOULS. 

Pub  Dec  20.  lygo  by  S  W Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly  Where  may  be  seen  the 
completest  collection  of  Caricatures  &c  Admittance  i  shill. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7797.  Three 
stout  and  elderly  men  sit  at  a  small  round  table  in  a  small  enclosure  imme- 
diately outside  a  house  (r.),  and  bounded  by  a  high  wall  with  a  spiked 
gate.  One  (1.)  sleeps,  his  hat  and  wig  on  the  ground  beside  him,  the  other 
two  are  smoking  and  are  about  to  drink  a  toast,  as  is  a  man  who  stands  (r.) 
supported  on  a  stick.  A  fifth  man  (1.)  walks  off  in  back  view. 
6ix8Jin. 

7797  DRY  SOULS.> 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7796.  Four 
lean  and  elderly  men,  in  a  room  whose  opulent  character  is  indicated  by 
the  carpet,  the  fashionable  chairs  with  stuffed  seats  and  backs,  and  two 
W.L.  men's  portraits  in  elaborate  frames.  Three  are  at  a  bare  table  on 
which  lies  a  paper ;  one  rises  from  his  chair  to  hand  (?)  a  snuff-box  to  his 
vis-a-vis.  A  parrot  sits  on  the  back  of  his  chair.  The  fourth  enters  from 
the  r.  raising  his  hat,  and  walking  with  the  help  of  a  stick.  A  cat  watches 
him  with  arched  back. 
6fx8Jin. 

7798  A  WELSH  FEAST  ON  ST  DAVID'S  DAY. 

London  Pu¥  by  W,  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  Street  March  J^  1790, 
In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in 
Europe  of  Humorous  Prints  AdmitP^  One  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   Nine  men  wearing  leeks  in  their  hats 
sit  round  a  wide  kitchen  fire  toasting  slices  of  cheese.  On  the  fire  is  a  large 
pot  ornamented  with  three  goat's  heads  and  inscribed  Leek  Porridge.  The 
men  are  ungainly,  with  lank  hair ;  their  dress  is  old-fashioned. 
Six  13 J  in. 

7799  A  SUIT  OF  LAW  FITS  ME  BETTER  THAN  A  SUIT  OF 
CLOATHS. 

Haydon  sculp* 

Pub,  April  6,  lygo.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly, 

Stipple  (coloured  impression).  A  young  man,  smartly  dressed  and  wearing 
a  sword,  stands  chapeau-bras,  his  r.  hand  on  his  hip,  his  1.  extended  as  if 
declaiming;  he  looks  to  the  1.  Beside  him  (r.)  is  a  garden  urn  on  a  massive 
pedestal  with  foliage.  In  the  background  are  buildings,  resembling  the 
stable-yard  of  a  country  house,  with  minute  figures :  a  man  leading  a  horse, 
a  huntsman  blowing  a  horn,  dogs,  poultry,  &c.  Beneath  the  design  is 
engraved  : 

I'LL  GO  TO  LAW. 

How  blest  was  I  before  I  went  to  Law! 
I  feared  no  Writs  I  felt  no  Bailiff's  Paw 
My  Life's  expence  I  cou'd  with  pleasure  Pay 
I  then  was  easy^  jocular  and  gay. 
6iX4f  in. 

*  Imprint  as  No.  7796. 

754 


PERSONAL    AND   SOCIAL    SATIRES    179O 

7800  A  RECRUITING  PARTY. 
Drawn  by  H.  Bunhury  Esq^ 

London.  Published  i  June  lygo  by  Bull  &  Jeffryes  Ludgate  Hill 

Stipple.  Three  members  of  a  recruiting  party  march  stiffly  in  single  file. 
The  leader  (1.)  is  a  tall  obese  man  carrying  a  pike  and  wearing  a  sword. 
Next  is  a  diminutive  drummer  beating  his  drum.  Last  (r.)  is  a  thin  officer 
holding  a  cane.  The  first  and  last  smile  complacently.  There  is  a  landscape 
background  with  a  cottage  (r.)  behind  a  paling. 
Sjxiil  in. 

7801-7809 
Sayer's  'Drolls* 

7801  TAKING  WATER  FOR  VAUXHALL. 

London,  Printed  for  RoU  Sayer,  N"  53  Fleet  Street ,  lygo. 

Engraving.  A  young  man  hands  a  pretty  young  woman  into  a  wherry 
which  a  young  waterman,  who  is  apparently  standing  in  the  water  on  the 
further  side  of  the  boat,  holds  against  the  landing-place.  She  raises  her 
petticoats,  the  waterman  stares  at  her  legs.  Engraved  beneath  the  title  are 
the  words  of  the  young  man :  Be  cautious  my  Love — don't  expose  your  leg. 
Behind  (r.)  are  the  stairs  to  the  water-side.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  West- 
minster Bridge. 

Also  a  coloured  impression  in  'Caricatures',  ii.  137.   L.  &  W.,  No.  56. 
6iiX9i%in. 

7802  A  FOOL  AND  HIS  MONEY'S  SOON  PARTED. 
Published  i'^  May,  1790,  by  RoU  Sayer,  55  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  A  stout  citizen  sits  in  the  corner  of  a  sofa,  his  1.  arm  round  the 
waist  of  a  courtesan  who  holds  his  chin;  they  drink  together.  On  the  1., 
crouching  behind  the  sofa,  another  young  woman  smilingly  takes  his 
pocket-book  from  his  coat-pocket.  On  a  table  (r.)  is  a  bottle  labelled 
Charm  (in  reversed  characters).  The  carpet,  wall-paper,  sofa  and  table 
indicate  a  well-furnished  room.  Beneath  the  title  are  four  lines  of  verse 
beginning : 

The  Old  Booby  half  Muzzy,  to  a  Bagnio  ReeVd, 
A  favourite  theme,  cf.  Nos.  5946,  8235.   Also  a  coloured  impression  in 
'Caricatures',  ii.  129.   L.  &  W.,  No.  58. 
6ix8fin. 

7803  NONE  BUT  THE  BRAVE  DESERVE  THE  FAIR. 

Published  i^  May,  lygo,  by  Ro¥  Sayer,  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  A  young  courtesan  steps  complacently  between  her  two  elderly 
admirers,  who  clench  their  fists  and  appear  anxious  to  fight,  and  pushes 
them  back.  She  wears  a  high-crowned  hat  and  is  fashionably  dressed ;  the 
men  are  dressed  in  an  old-fashioned  manner,  one  (1.)  is  very  thin,  wearing 
spectacles  and  a  tie-wig,  the  other  (r.)  has  swathed  gouty  legs,  and  is  sup- 
ported on  crutches.  The  room  is  well  furnished.  A  wine-bottle  and  glass 
stand  on  a  table  (r.).  L.  &  W.,  No.  60. 
7X811  in. 

755 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7804  THE  HUSBAND  HIGHLY  DELIGHTED  WITH  HIS  SUP- 
POSED FRUITS. 

Published  i'^  May,  lygOy  by  RoU  Sayer,  55  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  plainly  furnished  room.  A  stout  man  sits 
full  face,  delightedly  dandling  a  laughing  infant.  His  young  wife  (1.)  stands 
slightly  behind  him  holding  a  roast  bird  on  a  dish;  she  smiles  slyly  and 
points  over  her  shoulder  to  a  stag's  head,  which  is  on  the  wall  immediately 
behind  her  husband.  On  the  r.,  at  the  husband's  elbow,  sits  a  young  man 
smoking,  with  a  tankard,  who  also  smiles  paternally  at  the  infant.  L.  &  W., 
No.  61. 

6iix8^ein. 

7805  THE  RUSTICS  ALARM'D  AT  THE  APPEARANCE  OF  A 
LONDON  BUCK. 

Published  2 f^  July  1790,  by  RoU  Sayer,  N°  53  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  A  tall  young  man,  dressed  in  the  manner  of  the  bloods  of  the 
period,  in  high-crowned  hat,  tail  coat,  long  breeches  and  short  top-boots 
with  long  spurs,  stands  with  his  1.  hand  on  his  hips,  holding  a  riding- 
switch.  He  wears  whiskers  and  short  (but  not  cropped)  hair.  He  looks 
with  a  frown  at  a  bitch  with  young  puppies  who  snarls  at  him.  Two  men 
seated  outside  a  low  thatched  cottage  (r.)  (one  of  quasi-clerical  appearance, 
book  in  hand),  regard  him  with  terror.  A  boy  kneels  beseechingly  to  the 
strange  apparition;  a  child  runs  to  its  mother  (1.).  Two  boys  run  away. 
For  this  fashion  cf.  No.  8040,  &c. 

Also  a  coloured  impression  in  'Caricatures',  ii.  141.   L.  &  W.,  No.  63. 
6Jx8fin. 

7806  STUDYING  POLITICS,  OR  THE  BON  COMPANIONS. 

Published  Sept'  15^^  1790,  by  Rob^  Sayer,  N°  53  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  Two  men  sit  beside  a  blazing  fire  in  a  well-furnished  room, 
overcome  by  drink,  and  fast  asleep.  One,  a  stout  officer  in  regimentals, 
wearing  a  cocked  hat,  seated  in  an  arm-chair  (r.),  has  thrust  his  wooden 
leg  into  the  fire,  where  it  is  burning.  The  ashes  of  his  pipe  fall  on  to  the 
tail  of  a  dog  asleep  under  his  chair.  His  companion  sits  (1.)  supporting  his 
head  on  his  elbow,  which  rests  on  a  round  table  on  which  are  a  punch- 
bowl, glasses,  and  a  candle,  in  which  his  wig  is  burning.  On  the  wall  (1.) 
is  a  framed  plan  of  fortifications. 

Also  a  coloured  impression  in  'Caricatures',  ii.  148.   L.  &  W.,  No.  65. 
6Jx8|in. 

7807  A  SPARRING  MATCH. 

Published  Sept'  75^*  I790y  by  Rob^  Sayer,  N°  53,  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  Two  men  box  together,  they  wear  boxing-gloves  and  short 
jackets  with  high  collars.  Seven  spectators  sit  and  stand  along  the  wall  of 
the  bare  room,  where  there  are  two  windows  and  a  bench.  Only  one,  who 
stands  on  the  bench  and  looks  through  an  eye-glass,  is  dressed  in  the 
manner  of  the  bucks  of  the  period,  see  No.  7805,  &c.  L.  &  W.,  No.  66. 
6ix8|in. 

756 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    179O 

7808  THE  LONDON  SPORTSMAN  ON  THE  iST  OF  SEPTEMBER. 

[?c.  1790]^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Imprint  cut  off.  A  young  man  (1.)  aims 
his  gun  at  an  adjacent  hillock  (r.)  where  his  dog  lies  dead  and  two  birds 
fly  away.  A  man  standing  near,  says,  grinning  and  clutching  his  sides: 
He  has  paid  2  Guineas  for  a  Licence  to  kill  his  dog.  The  sportsman  wears  a 
round  hat  and  a  large  queue  of  hair  which  recalls  the  extravagant  hair- 
dressing  of  r.  1773.  Cf.  No.  7756,  &c.  L.  &  W.  No.  21. 
6x7!  i^-  *  Caricatures',  ii.  146. 

7809  THE  LONDON  COCKNEY'S  ATTACK  ON  THE  BEE  HIVE 

[?^.  1790] 
5J  Fleet  Street  London^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  rural  scene  near  London,  with  the 
Thames,  St.  Paul's,  the  Monument,  &c.  in  the  background.  A  young  man, 
with  short  hair,  high  hat,  and  half-boots  aims  at  a  bee-hive  (1.)  at  which 
his  dog  points.  From  his  game-bag  protrude  the  heads  of  a  cock,  duck, 
and  cat.  Near  him  is  another  sportsman  with  gun  and  dog.  Beneath  the 
title  is  engraved :  Damme  Fll  have  a  Blow  at  them — Better  small  Birds  than 
none.  Cf.  No.  7756,  &c.  L.  &  W.  No.  74. 
6f  x8J  in.  'Caricatures',  ii.  137. 

7810  A  JOURNEY  TO  THE  WATCH-HOUSE. 
Painted  &  Engrav'd  by  J.  Dean 

Published  Sept^  i;  ijgo  by  J.  Dean  Bentinck  Street,  Soho. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  pretty  young  woman  walks  unresist- 
ingly between  two  burly  watchmen  who  lead  her  from  1.  to  r.  One  (1.) 
springs  his  rattle;  a  lighted  lantern  is  attached  to  his  belt.  The  figures 
(T.Q.L.)  are  lit  from  some  (invisible)  street-lamp;  the  houses  and  sky 
which  form  the  background  are  dark.  The  girl  holds  a  large  feathered  hat 
in  her  gloved  r.  hand;  the  1.  hand  rests  on  a  watchman's  arm;  her  eyes  are 
cast  down  and  she  is  charmingly  and  modestly  dressed. 

The  theme  of  the  watchman  charging  the  innocent  with  offences  was  a 
favourite  one,  cf.  Fielding,  Amelia,  Book  I,  Ch.  z  and  No.  5618. 

Chaloner  Smith,  i.  168. 
I34xi3iin. 

7811  A  COUNTRY  THEATRE.     THl^ATRE  DE  CAMPAGNE. 
W.  H  Pyne  Delin  J  Wright  1788 

London.    Published  Feb.  25^*  1790.  by  T.  Martyn,  iV"  jo,   Great 
Marlborough  Street. 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  barn-like  theatre  seen 
from  the  back  of  the  stage.  In  the  foreground  three  witches  with  broom- 
sticks emerge  from  a  rectangular  aperture.  Other  players  with  a  medley 
of  properties  are  grouped  (1.)  behind  the  scene,  where  the  prompter  sits 
on  a  barrel.  An  actor  is  having  his  hair  dressed,  a  man  mends  a  coat.  A 
Pantaloon  sits  on  a  ladder,  holding  a  huge  tobacco-pipe.  On  the  r.  a 
*  Perhaps  considerably  earlier.  *  Imprint  partly  cut  off. 

757 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

ragged  scene-shifter  stands  behind  a  flat.  The  stage  is  not  raised,  but  the 
(crowded)  auditorium  rises  steeply  to  the  back  of  the  ramshackle  building 
where  there  is  a  gallery.  Three  musicians  occupy  a  rough  balcony  (1.). 
The  stage  is  lit  by  two  chandeliers  hanging  in  front  of  the  curtain.  A 
companion  print  to  No.  7812. 

I2X  15I  in.    With  border  i4|x  i8|  in.  *  Caricatures',  x.  242. 

Also  a  proof  before  letters,  uncoloured,  and  an  etching  without  aquatint. 
(Prints  after  Pyne.) 

7812  [A  COUNTRY  CHURCH.] 

W  H  Pyne  del  J  Wright  lygo 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  M.  Wells,  N""  jo,  Great  Marlborough 
Street,  London,  March  31'^  1790. 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  interior  of  a  church 
with  Gothic  windows  and  arch,  but  with  a  shallow  vaulted  roof,  coffered 
or  painted  (St.  Breward,  Cornwall).  At  the  west  end  (1.)  is  a  musician's 
gallery :  four  rustics  sing,  the  three  instrumentalists  play  fiddle,  flute,  and 
bassoon.  In  front  of  the  gallery  is  a  large  clock-face,  and  a  board,  tilted 
forwards,  inscribed :  This  Church,  was  \  repaired  Anno  Dam  1650.  \ 
Peter  Gripe      \ 

Ralph  Noodle  \  Church  \  Wardens 
Toby  Sackbutt) 
Against  the  north  wall  is  a  high  pulpit  (r.)  with  a  sounding-board,  to 
which  ascends  a  curved  flight  of  stairs.  Below  it  is  the  reading-desk  on 
which  is  the  parson,  his  arms  resting  on  the  open  book.  Beneath  sits  the 
clerk,  bawling  with  head  thrown  back.  Closed  pews  are  between  pulpit 
and  gallery.  A  pew-opener  ushers  in  a  lady  with  a  large  muff.  Behind  is 
an  elaborate  tomb,  a  hatchment  and  banner.  Against  a  high  railing  lean  a 
ladder  and  mop.  Two  children  fall  from  a  bench  on  which  a  man  and  an 
old  crone  are  seated.  Others  of  the  congregation  stand  in  groups,  some 
singing,  others  conversing.  The  principal  group  is  in  the  foreground  (1.) 
in  front  of  the  gallery.  A  beadle  clutches  by  the  shoulder  a  rough-looking 
man  with  a  cudgel  and  a  dog.  The  paving-stones  are  very  irregular  with 
two  large  tombstones,  one  inscribed  Here  liveth  The  Body  ofjud . . .  Queset. 
Tattered  banners  hang  from  the  walls  and  arch.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  781 1, 
iifx  15I  in.  'Caricatures',  x.  240;  Prints  after  Pyne. 

A  water-colour  drawing  (4iX7j  in.)  by  Rowlandson  appears  to  have 
been  based  on  No.  7812 :  the  resemblance  not  only  of  the  architecture,  but 
of  the  musicians  in  the  gallery,  the  parson  and  clerk,  and  some  of  the  other 
figures,  is  so  close  that  copying  of  one  from  the  other  is  evident.  In  the 
foreground  (1.)  a  font  has  been  added,  and  on  the  r.  a  low  open  pew.  The 
element  of  caricature  in  the  figures  is  diminished.  (Exhibited  by  F.  T. 
Sabin,  Bond  Street,  1936.  Reproduction,  Catalogue,  pi.  LXIV.)  An  etch- 
ing of  this  subject,  attributed  to  1806,  is  described  by  Grego,  Rowlandson, 
ii.  63 ;  the  title  is  identical  with  that  of  another  etching :  View  of  the  Interior 
of  Simon  Ward  alias  St.  Brewer  Church  Cornwall,  signed  'Rowlandson  Del. 
1802  (?)'  altered  to  '1812',  a  view  of  the  church,  with  many  architectural 
differences,  in  which  the  gallery  does  not  appear.  'Caricatures',  ix.  69.  This 
design  resembles  pi.  24  to  The  Tour  of  Doctor  Syntax.  .  .  .  1812,  'D*" 
Syntax  preaching.' 

758 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    179O 

7813  [COUNTRY  DANCE.]  [?  1790] 

[After  J.  Nixon.] 

Engraving.  The  r.  portion  of  a  strip  design,  without  title  or  imprint.  On 
the  extreme  1.  a  man,  looking  down  and  to  the  1.,  points  a  toe.  Next,  a  man* 
clasps  his  injured  ankle,  scowling  furiously  to  the  r.,  behind  him  stands  a 
lady*,  looking  at  a  book  held  out  by  another  lady  (1.).  Next  a  couple*  dance 
holding  hands,  arms  held  out  horizontally.  The  next  couple  dance  facing 
each  other.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  fainting  lady  sinks  back  rigidly  and  is  sup- 
ported (with  difficulty)  by  her  partner. 

An  imitation  of  No.  7229.   The  figures  marked  *  are  copied  in  reverse  in 
No.  7657,  a  more  crowded  design  in  which  there  are  other  figures  not  in 
this  print.  The  print  is  perhaps  the  Country  Dance  advertised  by  Holland 
in  No.  7685. 
9|X27jin. 

7814  THE  HEIR  DISINHERITED.  [?c.  1790] 

Drawn  by  Collings  Eng^  by  [name  erased  ?  Pollard]  &  F  Jukes 

Pu¥  by  R.  Pollardy  Printseller  Spafields  London. 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7815.  A  family  group  listens  to  the 
reading  of  a  will  by  an  elderly  lawyer  seated  on  the  r.,  a  deed-box  on  the 
ground  beside  him.  The  will  which  he  holds  is  inscribed  In  the  Name  of 
Amen  I  publish  and  Protest ...  To  my  Eldest  Son  in  consequence  I  bequeath 
One  Shilling.  The  heir  (1.),  a  young  man  wearing  top-boots,  looks  towards 
him  with  an  expression  of  rage,  spilling  a  glass  of  wine.  His  mother,  dis- 
tressed but  composed,  sits  beside  him,  on  the  extreme  1.  A  butler  stands 
behind,  with  wine-glasses  on  a  salver,  looking  with  intent  concern  at  the 
lawyer.  A  very  young  man  seated  (c.)  full  face,  a  dog  between  his  legs, 
eyes  his  brother  with  a  furtive  grin.  A  young  woman,  a  younger  boy,  and 
a  little  boy  playing  marbles  on  the  floor,  complete  the  circle.  A  folding 
screen  is  covered  with  a  map  on  which  Africa,  Cape  of  Good  Hope,  Egypt , 
and  Indostan  are  indicated.  On  the  wall  are  pictures:  (1.  to  r.)  Moses 
receiving  the  tables  of  the  law,  Jacob  and  Esau  (the  mess  of  pottage) ;  a 
large  Baptism  [of  Christ],  flanked  by  two  bust  portraits  in  oval  frames,  of 
the  heir's  parents :  a  woman  (recognizable)  and  a  cantankerous-looking  man 
in  old-fashioned  hat  and  wig.  Through  an  open  sash-window  (r.)  is  a 
dignified  iron  gate  within  which  stand  a  coach  and  four.  Through  a  door 
(1.)  is  seen  a  staircase,  on  an  upper  landing  a  man  holds  out  a  pair  of 
breeches  to  three  others,  apparently  disposing  of  his  dead  master's  clothes. 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

From  Chaise  and  four  descends  th'  expectant  Heir 

And  next  his  Mother  lo^  usurps  a  Chair, 

The  cup  untasted  trembling  in  his  Hand 

He  hears  the  Will  transfer  his  House  &  Land 

While  the  young  favorite  the  Fathers  Boy 

Unfolds  his  vacant  Face  of  Vulgar  Joy 

So  looks  the  Tyrant  on  a  tottering  Throne 

So  the  fond  Patriot  Eyes  it  as  his  Own. 
Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  ccx. 
11JX14J  in. 

759 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7815  THE  DISINHERITED  HEIR.  [?c.  1790] 
Drawn  by  Collings  Eng^  by  R.  [?  Pollard]  &  F.  Jukes 
Pu¥  by  R  Pollard  Printseller  Spafields  London. 

Aquatint.  A  sequel  to  No.  7814.  Three  figures  in  the  centre  against  the 
back  wall  are  the  mother  (c.)  flirting  coyly  with  an  ugly  man  who  stands 
beside  her.  Seated  next  her  is  the  younger  brother,  slightly  older,  with  out- 
stretched arms  directing  a  servant  in  livery  to  push  his  indignant  and 
plainly  dressed  brother  through  the  door  (r.).  The  old  lawyer  and  young 
woman  sit  side  by  side  on  the  1.,  not  distressed  at  the  ejection.  An  elder 
boy  blows  a  flute  behind  their  chairs,  while  the  little  boy  holds  out  a  ( ?)  coin 
to  his  unfortunate  brother,  at  whom  a  dog  is  barking.  Pictures  on  the  wall 
are  divided  by  elaborately  carved  candle-sconces.  They  are:  Prodigal 
Returned,  Ephesian  Matron  (above  the  widow),  and  Shy  lock  and  Antonio, 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved : 

Alass  how  changed,  no  Equipage  attends 
Behind  with  grateful  Cup  no  menial  bends. 
Those  venal  hands  now  thrust  him  to  the  Door 
That  stood  obsequious  at  his  nod  before, 
The  Lamb  drest  Widow  veering  with  the  Wind 
In  Winters  sunshijie  meets  a  Lover  kind 
All  but  whose  little  Heart  yet  knows  no  stain 
Or  check  their  sympathy  or  look  disdain. 
Paston,  pi.  ccxi. 

iijxi4in. 

7816  A  NETTLE  BETWEEN  TWO  ROSES. 

5g8  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N''  6g  S^  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  Aug  [or  Oci\  lygo^ 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  young  man,  his  fingers  interlaced 
across  his  waist,  walks  between  two  young  women  who  have  put  their 
hands  through  his  arms  and  gaze  at  him  affectionately.  All  are  fashionably 
dressed.  Trees  form  a  background. 

I2f  X9f  in.  *  Caricatures',  i.  205. 

7817  POOR  JACK! 

600  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &'  Carver,  No.  6g  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  c.  1790] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  An  illustration  of  the  song  By  Mr. 
Dibdin,  which  is  engraved  beneath  the  title,  with  the  refrain, 

There's  a  sweet  little  cherub  sits  perch' d  up  aloft 

To  keep  watch  for  the  life  of  Poor  Jack. 

Jack  stands,  looking  at  the  spectator,  holding  a  cane  in  his  r.  hand,  with 
his  1.  he  points  up  towards  the  head  and  wings  of  a  cherub  which  emerges 
from  clouds  in  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design.  He  wears  a  round  high- 
crowned  hat,  his  hair,  cut  across  his  forehead,  falls  curling  on  his  shoulders. 

^  Date  partly  erased  but  just  legible. 

760 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    179O 

He  has  a  striped  waistcoat  with  short  coat  and  petticoat.  Behind  is  the  sea 

with  a  ship  flying  the  Union  flag.  Cf.  No.  7677. 

iiJxqI  in.  ^Caricatures*,  i.  34. 

7818  THE  GREENWICH  PENSIONER. 

601  Printed  for  &'  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  6g  S^  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  c.  1790]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  An  illustration  to  the  song  By  Mr. 
Dihdin  which  is  engraved  beneath  the  title.  The  old  pensioner  with  a 
wooden  leg,  a  pipe  in  his  1.  hand,  a  cudgel  under  his  1.  arm,  stands,  directed 
to  the  1.,  pointing  across  the  Thames  at  the  river  front  of  Greenwich 
Hospital,  but  looking  towards  the  spectator.  The  stern  of  a  ship  with 
partly  furled  sails  is  visible  on  the  1.   The  song  ends : 

Altho  Fm  quite  disabled 

And  lie  in  Greenwich  tier. 

The  King,  God  bless  his  royalty. 
Who  saved  me  from  the  main, 

ril  praise  with  love  and  loyalty. 
But  ne'er  to  Sea  again. 
ii|X9|  in.  *  Caricatures*,  i.  35. 

7819  A  JOLLY  DOG.  [1790]' 
[After  Dighton.] 

362  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  N''  6g  S^  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  London. 

Mezzotint.   Design  in  an  oval.   A  man  (H.L.)  seated  in  a  chair,  directed 
to  the  r.,  holds  a  long  (lighted)  pipe,  grinning  and  looking  to  the  1.  out  of 
the  corners  of  his  eyes. 
51^X41  in.  *  Caricatures*,  ii.  122. 

7820  BROUGHT  TO  TROUBLE  &  WOE,  BY  CARDS,  DICE,  AND 
E.O.  [c.  1790] 

[After  Dighton.] 

363  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  N""  6g  St.  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  London. 

Mezzotint.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  man  seated  at  a  table  (H.L.)  on 
which  he  leans  his  elbows,  his  face  puckered  with  distress.  For  E.O.  cf. 
No.  5928,  &c. 

5jgX4fin.  'Caricatures',  ii.  120. 

'  No.  361,  I'm  ready  for  you  (not  in  B.M.),  was  published  9  Nov.  1790. 


761 


I79I 
POLITICAL  SATIRES 

7821  ASSERTAINING  THE  VALUE  OF  THE  CONVENTION,  OR 
ONE  SHORT  WEIGHTY  *WORD  IN  ITS  FAVOR. 

[Dent.]  See  the  Debates 

Pub  by  J  Aitketiy  Castle  Street^  Leicester  Fields,  Jan.  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Brook  Watson  stands  holding  up  the 
beam  of  a  large  pair  of  scales ;  one  scale  (1.)  inscribed  Fishery  contains  a  pile 
of  dolphin-like  creatures  representing  whales ;  the  other,  inscribed  Expence, 
is  full  of  coins.  He  puts  his  wooden  leg  (inscribed  Pension)  in  the  'Fishery' 
scale,  making  it  outweigh  'Expence',  saying,  *Feeling — as  I  feel,  what  are 
three  Millions  put  in  the  Scale  against  as  many  Whales  as  we  can  catch?  From 
his  coat-pocket  protrude  fish  inscribed  Feeling ,  smaller  ones  project  from 
his  waistcoat  pockets.  His  head  is  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  and  he  holds 
out  his  r.  hand  to  address  four  of  the  Opposition  who  stand  on  the  1. : 
Sheridan,  looking  at  the  whales,  holds  out  his  hands  towards  them,  saying, 
I  feel  a  want  of  something.  Fox  scowls  at  the  whales,  saying,  I  feel  a  want 
of  weight.  Burke  looks  up,  saying,  /  see  too  much  Feeling.  Behind  them  is 
the  profile  of  a  man  with  a  long  Jewish  nose  and  bushy  eyebrows,  identified 
as  M.  A.  Taylor.  Behind  the  r.  scale  and  on  the  extreme  r.  Alderman 
Curtis  and  Pitt  stand  side  by  side,  both  in  profile  to  the  1.  Curtis  has  a  loaf 
under  his  arm  and  holds  open  a  large  sack ;  he  says,  Tho'  a  Fisherman  I  can 
make  a  Loaf — and  hope  to  make  a  few  Fish.  Pitt  says,  I  feel  myself  bold  with 
the  opinion  of  the  first  City  in  the  World. 

A  satire  on  the  debate  of  14  Dec.  1790  on  the  Convention  with  Spain. 
Watson  seconded  Duncombe's  motion  for  an  address  of  thanks  to  the 
King,  saying  *he  could  not  help  feeling  considerable  satisfaction  in  second- 
ing a  motion  so  agreeable  to  his  own  sentiments  .  .  .'.  Pari.  Hist.,  xxviii. 
971.  Curtis  made  his  maiden  speech  and  'proclaimed  that  he  was  himself 
a  fisherman,  and  gloried  in  the  character  ...  he  considered  the  Southern 
fishery  more  valuable  than  the  Greenland  . .  .*.  Ibid.,  pp.  973-4.  Fox  spoke 
at  length  against  the  Convention  and  was  answered  by  Pitt.  Burke  did  not 
speak.  Curtis  and  Watson  were  M.P.s  for  London.  For  the  Convention 
see  No.  7687,  &c. ;  for  the  attitude  of  the  City,  No.  7680,  &c.  Loaves  and 
fishes  are  a  recurrent  theme  with  Dent.,  e.g.  No.  6915. 
7|Xio|in. 

7822  TALE  OF  A  TUB. 

Attic  Miscellany.  \  Political  Portraiture  N°  3. 

Annabal  Scratch  Fecit  [?  Ceilings.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C""  Jany  P^  ^791- 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  From  the  Attic  Mis- 
cellany, ii.  118.  Dr.  Price  preaches  from  a  ramshackle  tub  inscribed 
Political  Gunpowder,  his  arms  outstretched  to  the  r. ;  from  his  pocket  pro- 
jects a  document  inscribed  Revolution  Toasts.  His  sermon  hangs  over  the 

762 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

edge  of  the  tub,  the  upper  sheet  headed  Bind  the  Kings  with  chains  &c. 
The  tub  rests  on  a  large  book:  Calculations  (an  allusion  to  Price's  works 
on  population  and  finance,  cf.  No.  5864).  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 
**Every  Man  has  his  Pricer  Sir  R.  Walpole. 

One  of  many  attacks  on  Price :  the  text  calls  him  *  A  Priest  of  Liberty, 
a  sworn  enemy  t(5  all  tests ^  as  they  call  for  a  confession  of  faith,  which  is 
supposed  to  influence  practice,  and  direct  an  obedience  to  ruling  powers.* 
Cf.  No.  7629,  &c. 


7823  HOW  TO  GAMMON  THE  DEEP  ONES  OR  THE  WAY  TO 
OVERTURN  A  COACH  ACCORDING  TO  ACT  OF  P— L— M— T. 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  Jan.  i.  lygi.  by  W  S  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly  where  may  be 
seen  the  largest  Collection  of  Caracatures  in  the  Kingdom  also  the 
Head  &  hand  of  Coujit  Struenzee  admitt  j* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  much  overloaded  stage-coach  is  driven 
1.  to  r. ;  the  horses  are  galloping,  on  each  is  an  amateur  postillion.  On  the  roof 
is  a  morfstrous  pile  of  trunks  and  packing-cases,  &c.,  some  inscribed  White 
Leady  Candles^  GlasSy  Soapy  with  a  barrel  of  Porter  on  the  top.  Four  persons 
are  seated  on  the  roof  behind  the  box ;  one  says  /  suppoze  bye  &  bye  the 
Passengers  will  all  ride  on  the  outside  &  the  Luggage  within.  The  driver  is 
a  slim  undergraduate  in  cap  and  gown ;  one  man  sits  next  him ;  at  their 
feet,  in  a  receptacle  for  parcels,  &c.,  are  four  persons  whose  heads  appear. 
In  the  much-extended  basket  behind  the  coach  are  seventeen  persons,  one 
of  whom  is  a  giant ;  he  receives  attentions  from  two  women,  one  saying, 
Pray  Sir  are  you  married.  An  Irishman  says,  /  say  we  have  just  got  the  game 
31  my  BaySy  tho'  the  tall  Scotchman  weighs  as  much  as  four.  A  Scot  answers. 
Hoot  mon,  I  had  rather  Twanty  Muckle  Scotchman  were  on  the  Tap  then  sae 
mony  Kists.  The  one  inside  passenger,  wearing  a  coat  with  a  quadruple 
cape  and  probably  the  coachman,  leans  out  of  the  window,  saying,  Fm  an 
inside  Passenger  &  gave  him  leave  to  Drive  if  he  should  brake  a  few  Necks  its 
as  the  act  Directs.  On  the  off-leader  a  sailor  sits  facing  the  horse's  tail. 
Next  him  is  an  Irishman  whose  hat  the  driver  has  just  flicked  off  with  his 
whip ;  a  paper  flies  in  the  air  behind  him :  Address  Highness  .  .  comg  to  the 
Throne.  He  says,  by  Jasus  they  told  me  the  Address  would  be  in  before  the 
Coach,  but  I  think  I  see  it  going  back  again  I  wish  I  was  in  its  Pocket.  Behind 
him  on  the  near  wheeler  sits  another  Irishman  flourishing  a  club  and  saying, 
Arah  Honey  I  never  rode  outside  of  a  Coach  before.  The  man  on  the  off- 
wheeler  clutches  the  reins  desperately.  The  road  leads  up  a  very  steep  hill, 
a  signpost  (r.)  pointing  to  Turn  over  Hill.  The  coach  is  inscribed  Holyhead; 
on  the  door  are  the  royal  arms  and  According  to  Act  of  Parliament. 

A  satire  on  the  Bill  introduced  by  Richard  Gamon,  M.P.  for  Winchester, 
for  regulating  stage-coaches  (30.  Geo.  Ill,  c.  36).  By  this  a  penalty  was 
imposed  on  the  coachman  for  permitting  any  other  person  to  drive  without 
the  consent  of  the  inside  passengers.  No  more  than  four  passengers  were 
to  sit  on  the  roof,  or  more  than  one  on  the  box.  For  the  Irishman's  'Address* 
see  No.  75 11,  &c. 

7jXi6Jin. 

763 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

7824  THE  ARISTOCRATIC  CRUSADE,  OR  CHIVALRY  REVIVED 
BY  DON  QUIXOTE  DE  ST  OMER  &  HIS  FRIEND  SANCHO 

I,C  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  JaW  31  lygi  by  S  Fores  A^"  3  Piccadilly  where  may  be 
seen  the  largest  Collection  of  Caracatures  in  the  Kingdom^  also  the 
head  <Sf  hand  of  Count  Struenzee  admitance  one  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Burke  as  Don  Quixote,  dressed  as  in 
No.  7678,  &c.,  with  a  Jesuit's  biretta,  stands  on  the  back  of  a  monster  with 
five  heads  (four  wearing  coronets)  on  long  necks.  The  monster,  which 
resembles  the  traditional  Beast  of  Rome  (cf.  No.  5534),  except  that  it  has 
only  five  heads,  tramples  on  four  prostrate  bodies  inscribed  base  born 
Plebeians.  Burke  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  using  his  open  book,  Refletions 
[sic]  on  the  Revolution,  as  a  shield;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  long  sword.  He  is 
inscribed :  Horridum  Monstrum!  Procerum  potentum  Saeva  PotestasH!  Three 
long  labels  issue  from  his  mouth  directed  towards  three  groups :  On  the  r. 
a  procession  of  well-dressed  men  carrying  placards  on  poles  advances  from 
the  r. ;  they  march  before  and  after  an  open  cradle-shaped  car  drawn  by 
two  horses  in  which  Louis  XVI  and  Marie  Antoinette  sit  facing  each  other, 
each  wearing  a  crown  and  holding  a  sceptre.  The  placards  are  (1.  to  r.)  The 
Rights  of  man,  The  People  the  Fountain  of  Power,  no  exclusive  Priveleges,  al 
Ranks  honorable,  all  men  born  equal,  Liberty  founded  on  Law,  Soveriegn  the 
Choice  ofhispeopl.  Limited  Monarchy  but  no  Aristocracy,  Geneal  [sic]  Tolera- 
tion, All  Citizens  equally  Eligable,  Church  Lands  &  National  Property, 
Destruction  to  the  aristocratic  Gam  [sic]  Laws,  away  with  the  whole  Feudal 
System,  The  Blessings  of  Liberty  to  the  whole  human  Race.  Each  man 
wears  a  ribbon  across  his  shoulder,  coloured  blue,  but  perhaps  intended 
to  be  tricolour.  Four  men  wave  their  hats  to  the  procession,  shouting 
Vive  la  Liberty.  Parallel  with  the  French  procession,  but  in  the 
foreground,  advances  a  group  of  eight  men,  headed  by  Price,  who  holds 
a  paper  inscribed  congratulation,  and  Lord  Stanhope  with  a  banner  in- 
scribed Revolution  Soceity.  The  last  man  holds  up  on  a  pole  a  medallion 
of  the  head  of  William  III  wearing  a  laurel  wreath.  The  labels 
issuing  from  Burke's  mouth  are  directed:  (i)  towards  the  King  and 
Queen :  angel  just  above  the  Horizon  like  the  morning  Star  glittering!  alas!  the 
age  of  Chivalry  is  gone  &  the  glory  of  Europe  lost  for  Ever.  (2)  Towards  the 
men  marching  before  the  royal  carriage :  a  set  of  low  bred  illiterate  Traders 
Lazoyers  &  Country  Clowns  not  able  to  write  &  Read  The  Momentum  of 
Ignorance  Rashness  &  Presumtion  Incapable  of  forming  any  thing  noble  or 
Exellent  &  born  only  to  be  contrould,  their  Liberality  is  illiberal  their  Science 
Presumption  &  their  Humanity  Savage  &  Brutal.  (3)  Towards  the  Revolu- 
tion Society:  Damn  their  oracular  Tripods  &  Babylonian  pulpite  Pisgay 
Perorations!  Prepared  in  the  hot  Alembic  of  the  Furies  of  Hell. 

On  the  1.  of  the  design  processions  advance  towards  Burke :  in  front  is 
a  group  of  five  bishops  wearing  mitres  and  carrying  banners  inscribed : 
Majesty  of  the  Church ;  crack^  her  Mitred  front ;  Hierarch  &  Monoply  &" 
Test  act ;  prescription  Antiquity.  One  says.  Blessed  are  all  those  that  are  led 
by  the  nose ;  he  holds  a  thread  attached  to  the  noses  of  three  men,  the  fore- 
most of  whom  resembles  Pitt  (probably  an  allusion  to  Pitt's  reference  of 
the  question  of  the  repeal  of  the  Test  and  Corporation  Act  in  1787  to  the 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  p.  215).  They 
are  followed  by  a  procession  of  five  peers  wearing  coronets.  The  first  carries 

764 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

a  banner  inscribed  Exclusive  Priveledge  and  wears  a  shield  inscribed  ancient 
Nobility.  The  next  two  carry  banners :  place  &  Pension  and  heridatary. 
Two  others  ride  on  the  backs  of  men  on  hands  and  knees,  both  hold  drawn 
swords :  the  first,  with  a  shield  inscribed  noble  Birth y  says,  the  son  of  a  Slave 
shall  never  be  free  \  the  second  says,  Born  with  Sadies  on  their  backs.  In  the 
foreground,  as  a  pendent  to  the  Revolution  Society,  advances  a  band  of 
(seven)  members  for  close  boroughs.  They  carry  papers  inscribed  self 
Electedy  bribery y  Corporation  Bribedy  old  Sarunty  and  a  banner:  Ruffin 
burrough  corporation. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Burke's  Reflections  on  the  French  Revolutiony  see 
No.  7675,  &c.  For  Stanhope  and  the  Revolution  Society  see  No.  7889,  &c. 
One  of  the  few  references  to  Parliamentary  Reform  in  this  volume. 
9fXi5Min. 

7825  PROTHEUS  ON  PRIVILEGES    Vide  pages  177.  178. 

Attic  Miscellany 

Annibal  Scratch  Fecit.     [?  Collings.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directSy  by  Bentley  &  C"  Feb  r^  1791. 

Engraving.  PI.  to  Attic  Miscellany y  ii.  177.  Home  Tooke  stands  in  profile 
to  the  1.  trampling  on  the  mace  of  the  House  of  Commons  and  holding  out 
his  hat.  His  1.  hand  is  thrust  into  his  coat-pocket,  from  which  projects  a 
document :  [West]minster  Petition. 

For  Tooke 's  petition  against  the  Westminster  election  return  of  1790  see 
No.  7690,  &c. 

5fX3fin. 

7825  a  THE  REVD  J.  H T ESQR 

A  later  impression,  partly  coloured,  imprint  erased  or  stopped  out. 

The  print  was  reissued  with  this  title  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine, 
June  1794  (iii.  233),  with  the  imprint  Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Maga- 
zine (B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448). 

7826  THE  ANGELIC  CHILD  PRESENTED  TO  THE [Queen] 

OF  GOLCONDA. 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  Feby  10.  lygi  by  Will''  Hollandy  N""  50,  Oxford  Street 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Queen  Charlotte  (1.)  seated  in  an  arm- 
chair in  profile  to  the  r.,  avidly  holds  out  a  coral  and  bells  with  an  insinua- 
ting air  to  a  stout  and  mature  woman  dressed  as  a  child,  who  holds  a 
similar  but  larger  toy  to  which  are  attached  a  number  of  money-bags  (each 
inscribed  20.000)  in  place  of  bells  (as  in  No.  7979).  The  fat  Mrs.  Schwel- 
lenberg  leans  over  the  back  of  the  Queen's  chair,  looking  at  the  'child'  with 
a  greedy  stare.  The  Queen  says,  Bless  mCy  dear  SwellingbagSy  what  divine 
harmony  there  is  in  that  lovely  Toy!  Doy  my  pretty  deary  make  an  exchange. 
Schwellenberg  says,  Tell  her  there  is  a  monstrous  fine  Diamond  in  every  Bell. 

765 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

And  I  have  another  in  Germany  I'll  give  her  to  boot.  The  'child',  holding  her 
precious  toy  away  from  the  Queen,  answers.  Catch  me  at  that  if  you  can!  an 
exchange  indeed!  noy  no,  tho'  a  Child  Fm  no  Chicken! 

A  satire  on  the  supposed  avarice  of  the  Queen,  see  No.  7836,  &c.,  and 
her  Keeper  of  the  Robes,  and  on  the  marriage  (18  Jan.  179 1)  of  Lord 
Ducie  to  Mrs.  Child,  widow  of  Child  the  banker.   See  Walpole,  Letters^ 
xiv.  351-2.   See  also  No.  7979. 
9jXi3iVn. 

7827  THE  PRUSSIAN  PRIZE-FIGHTER  AND  HIS  ALLIES  AT- 
TEMPTING TO  TAME  IMPERIAL  KATE,  OR,  THE  STATE  OF 
THE  EUROPEAN  BRUISERS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W"^  Dent  Febv  14^  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Frederick  William  II  of  Prussia  (1.)  and 
Catherine  of  Russia  (r.),  both  stripped  to  the  waist,  face  each  other  with 
clenched  fists :  the  Empress,  very  stout,  with  straggling  hair ;  the  King  very 
lean,  with  an  exaggeratedly  long  pig-tail  queue  which  flies  out  to  show  that 
he  is  in  violent  action.  The  legs  of  both  are  wide  apart.  Other  sovereigns 
of  Europe  stand  on  the  r.  and  1.  of  the  bruisers,  with  small  figures  in  the 
background.  Catherine  says,  /  can  take  a  good  deal — /  dont  mindyou  Lankey 
— I  am  Old  and  tuff — /  wont  leave  a  Turk  standing.  One  foot  points  to 
Constantinople,  the  other  to  Petersburgh  (cf.  No.  7843).  Below  her  are  the 
words:  Destruction  of  fellow-Creatures  said  to  be  for  the  sake  of  Christianity 
— not  for  the  extention  of  Ejnpire.  Frederick  William  says:  Never  fear — Pll 
give  her  her  Belly  full — I  will  put  in  some  Strokes  shall  satisfy  her — .  Beneath 
him  are  the  words  Trained  by  the  Porte  for  lugging  in  his  Allies — to  have  all 
the  Stakes  as  usual.  Between  his  legs  appears  the  small  figure  of  the  king 
of  Poland  on  horseback,  saying.  Thus  bestridden  I  must  do  as  I  am  bid  or 
Partition  is  the  Word.  Between  and  behind  the  combatants  are  Louis  XVI, 
his  crown  suspended  above  his  head,  holding  the  hand  of  Charles  IV,  the 
small  pair  inscribed  France  and  Spain ;  Louis  says.  The  cursed  Revolution 
has  made  Neutrals  of  us.  Behind  Prussia  stand  his  two  backers  Holland  and 
G.  Britain',  a  short  stout  Dutch  burgher  holding  a  bottle  of  Gin  and  an 
orange  inscribed  Civil  stands  passively  smoking  a  pipe  and  saying.  As  far 
as  a  glass  Gin  goes  I  dont  mind  and  who  will  may  fight  since  I  know  honest  John 
will  pay  the  Piper.  George  III  stands  in  a  threatening  attitude,  his  fists 
clenched,  saying,  Dont  spare — make  her  come  to.  Beneath  them  are  the 
words:  Honor  of  attempting  a  general  Peace  through  the  medium  of  the 
Spanish  Humbug  in  fighting  for  Prussia — consequent  Taxation — Promise  of 
promising  Treaties  and  what  other  Benefits  our  promising  Minister  knows  best. 
On  the  extreme  1.  the  sultan  of  Turkey  and  Leopold  II  as  Germany  face 
each  other  in  profile.  Selim,  wearing  a  turban  with  a  crescent  and  feather, 
and  a  furred  robe  over  loose  trousers,  an  enormous  pair  of  pistols  in  his  belt, 
holds  a  sheathed  sabre  in  his  1.  hand ;  beneath  him  are  the  words :  Somewhat 
out  of  Wind  and  lighter  in  Blood  and  Treasure.  Leopold  II  wears  a  long 
ermine-trimmed  robe ;  beneath  him  are  the  words :  Recovered  the  Nether- 
lands by  the  bargain,  and  at  Liberty  to  look  towards  France.  Selim  says,  / 
never  knew  such  a  woman — She's  not  to  be  satisfied.  Leopold  answers,  she 
shant  Work  me  to  death  as  she  did  my  poor  Brother  [Joseph  II].  hence  we  are 
Friends.  Behind  Catherine  and  on  the  extreme  r.  are  the  kings  of  Denmark 

766 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

and  Sweden  holding  hands ;  beneath  the  latter  are  the  words :  Had  weighty 
reasons  for  fighting  against  Russia  now  ready  to  fight  for  her.  Christian  VII 
says  to  his  brother-in-law,  /  have  put  myself  in  Trainittg;  Gustavus  III 
answers,  /  have  had  many  a  set  to  with  her — she  has  a  deal  of  bottom:  hut  I 
made  her  cry  out  and  come  down  handsomely  when  I  gave  in.  Between  Russia 
and  Denmark  is  a  cask  of  NantSy  and  behind  it  the  small  figure  of  the 
Marquiss  of  L [Lansdowne],  saying.  Shame  on  my  Country  for  attempt- 
ing to  bring  her  Grey  hairs  with  sorrow  to  the  Grave. 

The  print  foreshadows  the  policy  of  the  Russian  Armament  by  which 
England  designed  to  send  a  fleet  to  the  Baltic  and  a  squadron  to  the  Black 
Sea,  to  force  Russia  to  make  peace  with  Turkey  on  the  basis  of  a  restora- 
tion of  conquests,  as  had  been  understood  when  the  convention  of  Reichen- 
bach  was  signed  (27  July  1790)  between  Prussia  and  Austria.  The  triple 
alliance  (England,  Prussia,  and  Holland)  had  kept  the  Danes  quiet  and 
subsidized  Gustavus  III  against  Russia,  but  Catherine  suddenly  made 
peace  with  Sweden  (14  Aug.  1790).  The  relations  in  the  print  between 
Turkey  and  Austria,  as  between  Denmark  and  Sweden,  are  contrary  to 
the  facts.  English  foreign  policy  (Jan.  1791)  was  aiming  at  joint  alliances 
of  England  and  Prussia  with  Poland,  Denmark,  and  Sweden.  Rose,  Pitt 
and  National  Revival^  Chap,  xxvi ;  Camb  Hist,  of  British  Foreign  Policy, 
1.  202  ff.  As  early  as  13  Dec.  1790,  in  a  debate  on  the  Spanish  Convention, 
Lansdowne,  attacking  the  Government's  foreign  policy,  said  'the  Turks  were 
excited  to  murder  the  Russians'.  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  941.  Fitzmaurice,  Life 
of  Shelburne,  1912,  ii.  371-2.  For  the  Russian  Armament  see  No.  7841,  &c. 
8J  X  22^6  in. 

7827  A  A  copy,  reversed,  without  the  second  title,  but  with  the  same 
inscriptions. 

5igX9|in. 

7828  A  DISUNION  OR  THE  FAMILY  COMPACT  DISTURBED. 
/  C  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub.  Feb  26  lygi  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Lansdowne  (1.)  holds  a  performing 
monkey  by  the  chain  which  is  attached  to  its  waist;  he  says.  Come  along 
Jeky  come  my  little  Jeky  F II give  you  a  Dinner  never  mind  M —  he^s  a  Turn 
Coat.  The  monkey  runs  towards  his  master.  In  Lansdowne 's  1.  hand  is 
the  end  of  a  heavier  chain  from  which  a  bear  has  broken  loose  and  is  walking 
away  from  him,  saying,  no.  no.  you  dont  catch  me  at  Jesuits  Colledge  again. 
They  are  outside  the  high  brick  wall  of  Lansdowne  House,  indicated  by 
the  Berkeley  Square  on  the  corner.  Fox  approaches  the  bear  from  behind, 
raising  both  his  arms  and  holding  his  hat  so  that  the  initials  CF  in  the  crown 
are  visible.  He  says,  he  Capers  like  a  Morris  Dancer,  indicating  that  the 
bear  is  John  Morris,  K.C.,  M.P.  for  Calne.  Pitt  follows  Fox,  looking 
anxiously  at  the  bear. 

Joseph  Jekyll  and  John  Morris  had  been  returned  by  Lord  Lansdowne 
for  his  borough  of  Calne,  Wilts. ;  Jekyll  in  1787  (on  the  death  of  James 
Townsend),  Morris  in  1790.  (Morris  vacated  the  seat  Jan.  1792  and  was 
replaced  by  Benjamin  Vaughan.^)   Jekyll  was  attacked  for  his  connexion 

^  According  to  Fitzmaurice  (Shelburne,  ii.  399)  Morris  held  the  seat  for  a  few 
months  only;  he  was,  however,  returned  at  the  general  election,  replacing  Barr6. 

767 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND   PERSONAL  SATIRES 

with  Lansdowne  in  Jekylly  an  Eclogue.  The  attitude  of  Lansdowne  to 
poUtical  parties  was  doubtful,  but  tended  more  and  more  to  opposition  to 
Pitt.  Fitzmaurice,  Life  of  Shelburney  1912,  ii.  368  ff.  For  Shelbume  as 
Malagrida  the  Jesuit  see  ibid.,  i.  388  and  No.  6006,  &c. 

8^X12  J  in. 


7829  BANDELURES. 

[Gillray.] 

London.  Pu¥  Fehy  28^^  lygi.  by  S.  W.  Fores.  AT^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  of  Wales 
reclines  on  a  sofa,  half-sitting,  half-lying,  and  leaning  against  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert.  He  is  intent  on  a  circular  box  or  'bandelure'  at  the  end  of  a  string 
which  he  holds  round  the  second  finger  of  his  raised  r.  hand,  playing  with 
the  toy  revived  in  the  twentieth  century  as  Yo-yo.  Sheridan  leans  over  the 
back  of  the  sofa,  embracing  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  thrusting  his  hand  inside 
her  decolletage.  She  puts  her  1.  hand  on  Sheridan's  cheek,  her  r.  arm  is 
round  the  Prince.  The  expressions  of  all  three  excellently  indicate  their 
preoccupations.  On  the  1.  a  fire  blazes  in  the  grate ;  above  it  is  a  decorative 
panel  of  a  horse-race.  On  the  shelf  above  is  a  bust  of  Claudius  Rom:  Imp:^ 
a  dice-box  and  dice,  and  the  figure  of  an  infant  Bacchus,  astride  a  cask  and 
holding  up  a  glass.  On  the  wall  behind  Sheridan's  head  is  a  picture  of 
Joseph  &  Potiphers  Wife.  Behind  him  and  on  the  extreme  r.  is  an  open 
door  showing  a  staircase.  The  Prince  is  stouter  than  in  earlier  prints ;  he 
wears  his  star,  but  his  wrinkled  stockings  and  slippers,  like  his  pose,  suggest 
indolence  and  domesticity.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  wears  a  tiara  inscribed  Ich 
dien,  with  three  ostrich  feathers.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

*'thus  sits  the  Dupey  content! 

^'Pleases  himself  zuith  Toys,  thinks  Heav'n  secure , 
^'Depends  on  Woman's  smiles,  &  thinks  the  Man 
''His  Soul  is  wrap'd  in,  can  be  nought  but  true; 
''Fond  Fool,  arouse!  shake  off  thy  childish  Dream, 
"Behold  Love's  falshood.  Friendships  per jur'd  troth; 
"Nor  sit  <Sf  sleep,  for  all  around  the  World, 
"Thy  shame  is  known,  while  thou  alone  art  blind — 

Blackmore 

Sheridan  and  his  wife  were  living  in  Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  house  in  Jan. 
1789,  partly  because  of  frequent  executions  (by  his  landlord)  in  his  house  in 
Bruton  Street,  partly,  it  was  supposed,  for  political  reasons.  Auckland 
Corr.  ii.  267;  Harcourt  Papers,  iv.  160. 

The  bandelure  (emblem  of  idle  frivolity,  cf.  No.  81 14)  was  supposed  in 
France  to  be  the  pastime  of  the  emigres :  it  was  known  as  'emigrette'  or 
*  emigrant',  and  then  as  'jeu  de  Coblentz'.  See  a  French  satire,  reproduced, 
Grand-Carteret,  Les  Moeurs  et  la  Caricature  en  France,  pp.  55,  56.  In  a 
French  caricature  (1801),  Quel  est  leplus  ridicule?,  comparing  the  dress  of 
1789,  1796,  and  1801,  the  lady  of  1789  affectedly  dangles  a  bandelure.  For 
the  game  see  Walpole,  Letters,  xix.  297  (12  Oct.  1790). 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  133-4.   Wright  and  Evans,  No.  48.    Reproduced, 
Fuchs,  p.  262;  B.  Gray,  The  English  Print,  1937,  pi.  5. 
lojxisjin. 

768 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7830  THE  UNHAPPY  CONTRAST 

Pu¥  Feby  28^^  by  H:  Brookes  iV«  8  Coventry  Street  [?  1791]' 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  poverty  of  a  military  officer  on  half- 
pay  is  contrasted  with  the  wealth  of  an  officer  of  the  East  India  Company. 
On  the  1.  stands  an  officer  beside  a  cannon  inscribed  G.R.y  its  muzzle 
inscribed  honor.  He  has  a  wooden  leg  and  has  lost  his  r.  arm.  He  holds 
up  an  empty  purse  inscribed  gain.  Behind  him  a  path  leads  to  the  Kings 
Bench  prison  (for  debtors),  which  flies  a  large  British  flag.  At  his  feet 
is  a  paper  inscribed  half  pay  and  the  word  subsistance.  Beneath  this 
half  of  the  design  is  inscribed :  The  Royal  Captain's  rewards  for  serving  the 
King. 

On  the  r.  a  stout  officer  stands  arrogantly  on  two  boxes  of  merchandize, 
his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.  He  wears  a  long  sword,  in  his  r.  hand 
is  a  cane  which  rests  on  large  bales  inscribed  Shawls.  His  1.  hand  extended 
behind  him  clasps  one  of  three  bags  with  labels:  a  Bulse  and  ^40^000, 
These  stand  on  large  bundles  inscribed  Silks  Muslins  Nankeens  &c.  The 
chests  on  which  he  stands  are  Fine  Military  Gun  powder  Tea  and  Cups 
Ta  [letters  obliterated]  Chamber^  &c. ;  a  third  is  Otto  o[f]  Roses.  Beneath 
them  are  papers :  Custom  house  Oath  (torn)  and  India  Comp  Affidavit.  His 
attitude  and  expression  indicate  grasping  arrogance;  his  ruffled  shirt  and 
two  bunches  of  seals  hanging  from  his  fob  indicate  fashion.  Beneath  are 
the  words :  Capt*^  Lions  rewards  for  serving  the  Crown. 

A  contrast  between  the  plunder  and  profits  of  illegal  trade  secured  by 
the  East  India  Company's  officer,  with  the  poverty  and  debt  of  the  Army 
officer  on  half-pay;  cf.  Nos.  6170,  6337,  6338.  For  bulse  cf.  No.  6966. 

7jXi4iin. 

7831  OVERTHROW  OF  THE  ARTS!   Vide  page,  195.  196. 
Attic  Miscellany 

Drawn  by  Collings.  Etch*^  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C""  March  i'^  1791- 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  194.  Illustration  to  verses:  *A 
Parisian  Tale'.  French  soldiers  with  fixed  bayonets  and  drawn  swords 
have  entered  an  artist's  studio.  Of  five  terror-stricken  painters  one  lies 
beneath  a  fallen  canvas;  a  soldier  tramples  on  an  overturned  easel  and 
canvas  which  he  is  about  to  pierce  with  his  bayonet.  On  the  canvas  is  a 
Madonna  and  Child.  Quasi-antique  busts  and  statues  are  on  a  high  shelf. 
The  verses  relate  that  a  nest  of  aristocrats,  working  in  secret,  having  been 
denounced  in  the  National  Assembly,  troops  were  dispatched  headed  by 
Lafayette.   They  found : 

But  meagre  sons  of  paint! 

This  copying  some  Madonna,  that  some  saint. 

Originals  for  Desenfans  to  puflF, 

Assisted  by  an  English  auctioneer. 

Right  Raffaele,  Angela  and  Titian  stufl"! 

Desenfans,  a  Swiss,  collected  for  the  King  of  Poland. 
6Jx8Jin. 

'  Dated  1791  in  an  old  hand,  but  perhaps  earlier. 

769  3  D 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

A  part  of  this  plate  (4  in.  in  breadth)  was  reissued  in  the  Carlton  House 
Magazine^  iii.  327  (i  Oct.  1794)  as  A  Scene  in  Somerset  House  (B.M.L., 
P.P.  5448). 

7832  THE  LOYAL  SUBJECT,  OR  POLITE  ACCOMODATION. 

See  page  340.  [i  March  1791] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  From  the  Cuckold's  Chronicled  The 
interior  of  a  bedroom ;  a  lady  sits  up  expectantly  in  a  large  curtained  bed. 
One  man  (1.),  seated  in  a  chair,  is  dressing,  the  other  (r.),  standing  beside 
a  chair  on  which  is  a  coat  decorated  with  a  conspicuous  star,  begins  to 
undress. 

Probably  Lady  Tyrconnel,  Lord  Tyrconnel,  and  the  Duke  of  York,  see 
No.  7530,  &c. 
5iX3i«gin. 

7833  ECCE  HOMO  VERSATILIS!  ALIAS  EDMUND  THE  APOS- 
TATE. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  March  f^  lygi-  by  H  D.  Symonds  Pater- 
noster Row. 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  (folding  pi.)  to  'The  Wonderful  Flights  of 
Edmund  the  Rhapsodist,  into  the  sublime  and  beautiful  regions  of  Fancy, 
Fiction,  Extravagance,  and  Absurdity  .  .  .'.^  Burke,  with  ass's  ears,  sits 
astride  a  broomstick,  holding  a  wand  in  his  r.  hand  and  is  carried  upwards 
on  a  column  of  cloud  which  rises  from  the  ground.  Behind  him,  under  a 
large  tree  (1.),  are  allegorical  personages,  the  most  prominent  being  Momus, 
holding  his  mask;  Pegasus  is  on  the  extreme  1.  AH  watch  Burke's  ascent. 
In  the  foreground  Charon  sits  in  his  ferry-boat.  On  the  r.  Mercury  stands 
holding  out  his  caduceus.  In  the  background,  behind  a  river,  four  irregular 
pyramids  recede  in  perspective;  up  the  nearest  a  tiny  figure  (Alexander) 
wheels  a  body  (Clytus)  in  a  barrow.  On  the  river  is  a  boat  containing 
minute  naked  figures  wearing  crowns.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved :  The 
Pyramids  in  the  back  Ground  contain  millions  of  slaughtered  Victims  to  the 
divine  Right  of  Kings j  or  the  sanguinary  Principles  of  the  Priesthood  of  all 
Ages.    The  Characters  are  explained  in  the  Pamphlet. 

The  text,  in  the  form  of  a  dialogue,  is  a  bitter  attack  on  Burke :  Pegasus 
has  (after  many  flights)  at  last  refused  to  carry  Burke,  who  is  borne  up 
on  a  whirlwind.  He  is  allowed  to  be  *the  best  father,  husband,  friend,  and 
master  in  the  world',  but  his  flights  of  imagination  and  invention  are  ridi- 
culed and  denounced :  his  invented  accounts  of  tomahawked  Americans, 
his  project  of  economy,  which,  according  to  Dr.  Price,  had  not  saved  enough 
to  pay  the  clerks  for  the  inquiry,  his  speeches  on  the  Regency  question  (see 
7499,  &c.),  his  'political  fiction'  against  Hastings,  who  is  said  to  have  come 
*out  of  the  Lords'  furnace  like  tried  gold'.  This  leads  up  to  the  main  theme, 
Burke's  attitude  to  the  French  Revolution.  The  Reflections  (see  No.  7675, 
&c.)  are  analysed  and  ridiculed,  and  he  is  accused  of  dreaming  frantically 
of  a  counter-revolution,  and  declaring  *in  conjunction  with  a  French  ex 
Minister'  (Calonne)  that  *the  Emperor,  Kings  oi  Prussia,  Denmark,  Sweden, 
Spainy  Sardinia  and  England,  must  all  unite  to  support  French  tyranny. .  .  .' 

»  MS.  note. 

^  Copy  in  Print  Room  (zgS^b.  13);  not  traced  in  B.M.L. 

770 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179I 

(p.  64).  Burke  is  accused  of  apostasy  and  desire  for  office,  see  No.  7866,  &c. 
The  earliest  reference  in  the  Catalogue  to  the  possibility  of  war  with 
France ;  cf.  No.  8084,  the  first  graphic  hint  of  war. 
8JgXioiiin. 

7834  OKE ^N     ELECTORS  SKINNING     UNSUCCESSFUL 

CANDIDATES. 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  March  9.  lygi.  by  W.  Holland  N"  50.  Oxford  S^.  In 
Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  colection  in 
Europe  of  Caricatures^  Admit^  one  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  two  unsuccessful  candidates  for 
Okehampton  are  being  stripped  of  their  clothes  to  satisfy  the  demands  of 
their  election  agents.  A  tall  man  stands  in  his  shirt,  his  legs  bare,  unsuc- 
cessfully resisting  the  attempt  of  an  angry  man  on  the  extreme  1.  to  pull 
off  his  breeches.  He  says,  This  is  skinning  a  Candidate  with  a  vengeance!  for 
God's  sake  leave  me  my  breeches.  The  other,  whose  1.  hand  is  at  the  candi- 
date's throat,  answers.  Damn  me  PR  have  breeches ^  shirty  and  all!  you  shall 
go  away  as  bare  as  a  lark!  It 's  only  plundering  a  plunderer!  This  is  an  Asiatic 
entertainment  your  honour!  The  other  candidate,  a  shorter  man,  stands  in 
shirt  and  breeches  with  bare  legs,  deprecatingly  warding  off  five  men  who 
stand  together  on  the  r.,  holding  out  long  papers,  headed  Agent's  Bill.  He 
says  /  never  employed  any  of  ye;  I  know  nothing  about  your  Bills. 

There  was  a  double  return  for  the  borough  of  Okehampton  in  1790 
owing  to  the  competition  of  two  returning  officers,  the  Mayor  and  the 
Portreeve,  an  office  revived  after  a  lapse  of  167  years  by  Mr.  Hawkes  *an 
ingenious  attorney'.  Each  accepted  and  rejected  different  voters,  the 
Mayor  returning  Colonel  St.  Leger  and  Robert  Ladbroke,  the  Portreeve 
John  William  Anderson,  Alderman  of  London,  and  John  Townson,  who, 
with  Hawkes,  are  probably  depicted  in  the  print.  A  committee  of  the 
House  of  Commons  decided,  Feb.  179 1,  that  the  Mayor  was  the  proper 
returning  officer :  by  his  return  St.  Leger  and  Ladbroke  (Opposition  candi- 
dates) had  a  majority  of  about  100.  Townson  and  Anderson  then  petitioned 
against  the  return ;  after  a  lengthy  dispute  there  appeared  a  majority  of  two 
for  St.  Leger  and  one  for  Ladbroke  (supported  by  the  interests  of  the  Duke 
of  Bedford  and  Earl  Spencer).  Oldfield,  Representative  History^  18 16,  iii. 
293-7;  History  of  Boroughs^  1792,  i-  226-32. 
8ixi3iin. 

7835  MRS  PICKLES  MISTAKE  OR  THE  NEW  PAPA  DISAP- 
POINTED WITH  JUSTICE  SHALLOW'S  ATTEMPT  TO  CHAIN 
THE  BRUTES 

[?L  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  March  15  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Picadilly  London 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duke  of  Clarence  dressed  as  a 
woman  leans  over  a  first-floor  balcony  to  empty  a  cracked  chamber-pot 
(inscribed  DC)  upon  the  tambourine  which  a  man  is  playing  in  the  street 
below.  This  man  capers  along,  leading  two  street  musicians  to  whom  he 
says,  Come  along  my  Boys  Come  along  thats  your  sort  [see  No.  8073]  keep  it 

771 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Up — I  wont  commit  you  now  never  fear  its  rare  fun  ay^nt  [it"]  &  all  Gratis.  One 
man  kneels  on  one  knee  playing  a  musical  box  or  hurdy-gurdy ;  he  says,  oh 
the  Tremendous  Just  Ass  Midas  Oh  what  a  Solomon  is  Justass  Mida — .  The 
other  blows  a  French  horn.  The  Duke  is  dressed  as  a  nurse,  a  handkerchief 
tied  round  his  head,  under  which  appears  the  end  of  his  short  pigtail 
queue.  On  his  sleeve  is  a  star.  Beside  him  (r.)  stands  a  surgeon  leaning 
over  the  balcony ;  his  shirt-sleeves  are  rolled  up  showing  brawny  arms ;  in 
his  r.  hand  is  a  huge  forceps  which  grips  the  head  of  an  infant  on  whose 
breast  is  a  star ;  under  his  1.  arm  is  a  bundle  of  surgical  instruments.  He 
says,  D  .  .  .n  Your  Noise  you  RascalVs  you'll  Disturb  M^^  Pickle  who  has  just 
made  a  faux  Couche  of  a  Young  Sea  Gull,  here  Nurse  Clarey  tip  'em  the 
Jordan.  Clarence  answers,  well  said  D^  Warrant  we'll  Rake  em  fore  and  Aft. 
An  ugly  old  woman  stands  in  the  street  on  the  extreme  r.  looking  up  at  the 
balcony;  she  says,  Bless  the  Baby  how  like  its  Dady  what  a  pity  it  should  be 
a  Slinky  aye  marry  and  marked  with  a  Star.  Behind  her  is  the  door  of  the 
house  with  a  plate  inscribed  Af*  P/cA[/e].  On  the  house  (1.)  is  Sommers 
Street. 

The  first  allusion  in  the  Catalogue  to  the  connexion  of  the  Duke  of 
Clarence  with  Mrs.  Jordan.  The  doctor  is  Dr.  Warren,  the  leading  fashion- 
able physician,  especially  prominent  from  his  attitude  towards  the  King's 
illness.  The  'Justice',  who  (incorrectly)  wears  a  star,  is  evidently  Richard 
Ford,  a  London  magistrate,  afterwards  chief  magistrate  at  Bow  Street,  then 
M.P.  for  Appleby,  with  whom  Mrs.  Jordan  had  lived  (as  Mrs.  Ford)  till 
she  left  him  for  the  Duke  of  Clarence.  He  is  conducting  a  charivari,  the 
discordant  music  with  which  unfaithful  wives  were  exposed  to  scorn. 
Pickle  was  a  part  in  the  SpoiVd  Childy  first  played  22  March  1790,  for 
Mrs.  Jordan's  benefit,  and  attributed  to  Mrs.  Jordan,  to  Ford,  and  others, 
but  probably  by  Bickerstafi^.  Baker,  Biog.  Dram.^  181 2,  iii.  290.  For  Mrs. 
Jordan  and  the  Duke  of  Clarence  see  Boaden,  Life  of  Mrs.  Jordan^  i.  207-12 
and  Nos.  7907-12,  7925,  7934,  8057. 
i2iX9jin. 

7836  FROM  THE  ORIGINALS  AT  WINDSOR 

L—  C— TOWN'S  [Lord  Courtown's]  DREAM 

[?  Kingsbury.] 

London.    Pu¥  by  Jacob  Dowse ^  near  Turnstile y  Holborny  March  20, 
1791. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  travesty  of  Quintin 
Matsys'  picture  of  'The  Misers'  at  Windsor,  the  misers  being  George  III, 
writing  in  his  ledger  and  counting  coins,  and  Queen  Charlotte,  leaning  on 
his  shoulder.  The  pose,  dress,  background,  and  accessories  are  closely 
copied,  except  that  the  hood  over  the  Queen's  head  is  pushed  back  to  show 
a  large  ear-ring  and  her  hair  which  is  decorated  with  pearls.  The  *s'  of 
*  Originals'  in  the  title  has  been  scored  through,  stressing  the  identification 
of  *the  Misers'. 

Lord  Courtown  was  Comptroller  of  the  King's  Household.  For  the 
supposed  miserliness  of  the  King  and  (more  especially)  the  Queen  cf.  Nos. 
6945,  6966,  &c.,  7153,  7163,  7166,  7301  (2),  7322,  7498,  7826,  7897,  7903, 
7906,  7916,  7922,  7923,  7924,  7927,  8064,  8074,  8081,  8095,  8117,  8153. 
15IX13  in. 

772 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7836  A  A  reduced  copy  with  the  imprint  London  Pu¥  by  J.  Omer  St 
Georges  Fields  March  20  1791.  The  bird  on  a  perch  (1.)  has  a  human  head. 
iifX9jin. 

7837  BARDOLPH  BADGER'D  OR  THE  PORTLAND  HUNT. 
[Rowlandson] 

Published  by  S.  W.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly  March  22""^  ^79^- 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  dog  with  the  head 
of  Sheridan  is  being  chased  out  of  the  gate  of  Devonshire  House  by  the 
Duke  of  Portland  and  other  leading  whigs.  He  flees  To  Carlton  House,  a 
signpost  (1.)  pointing  the  way.  His  collar  is  inscribed  G.P.,  to  his  tail  is 
tied  a  large  architectural  drawing  of  Drury  Lane,  showing  the  new  front 
to  Bridges  Street  added  to  Garrick's  theatre  by  R.  and  J.  Adam.  The  fore- 
most of  the  pursuers  is  Portland,  about  to  hurl  a  stone ;  Fox  follows,  hold- 
ing out  his  hands  pleadingly  to  the  fugitive.  Burke  holds  a  club  inscribed 
Shelafyy  and  clenches  his  fist  fiercely.  Next  him  is  the  short  Lord  Derby 
(1.),  and  on  the  r.  the  Duke  of  Norfolk.  Lord  Stormont  holds  up  his  hat 
as  if  to  hurl  it.  Along  the  (Piccadilly)  wall  of  Devonshire  House  broadsides 
and  papers  are  hung  up  for  sale. 

The  situation  resembles  that  of  the  quarrel  between  Sheridan  and  Burke 
on  9  Feb.  1790,  when  a  conference  was  held  at  Devonshire  House  where 
the  Duke  of  Portland  was  living  (see  No.  7631),  and  which  was  symptom- 
atic of  dissensions  in  the  Whig  party,  developing  from  the  attitude  of  the 
Duke  of  Portland  to  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  his  debts,  and  fostered  by  the 
Regency  crisis,  when  Sheridan  was  supreme  at  Carlton  House.  Cf.  Moore, 
Life  of  Sheridan,  p.  461.  For  Sheridan  as  Bardolph  cf.  No.  7528,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  pp.  289-90. 
10X16J  in. 

7838  BANK  TRANSFER,  OR,  A  NEW  WAY  OF  SUPPORTING 
PUBLIC  CREDIT. 

[Dent.]    Designed,  Executed  and  Published  by  one  Long  and  Strong 
according  to  Act  of  Parlia[ment.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  March  the  26  1791 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt,  very  thin  and  tall, 
strides  towards  the  Exchequer  (1.),  a  high  and  narrow  doorway  surmounted 
by  a  crown,  into  which  he  is  carrying  the  Bank  of  England,  whose  long 
facade  he  holds  on  his  shoulder.  He  says.  Why  I  can  carry  this  with  ease, 
ay,  or  any  thing  else.  From  it  falls  a  paper  inscribed  Bank  Stock.  He 
tramples  on  two  papers :  Public  Credit  and  Public  Faith.  In  the  upper  r. 
corner  of  the  design  is  an  oval  balloon  inscribed  Floating  Balance.  The 
design  resembles,  and  is  probably  imitated  from,  Sayers'  Transfer  of  East 
India  Stock,  see  No.  6271. 

A  satire  on  Pitt's  proposal  to  defray  (in  part)  the  debt  incurred  by  the 
naval  preparations  against  Spain  (see  No.  7645,  &c.)  by  a  transference  of 
£500,000  from  the  j£66o,ooo  of  unclaimed  dividends  at  the  Bank  of 
England,  making  the  Consolidated  Fund  answerable  if  they  should  at  any 
time  be  claimed.  The  scheme  was  opposed  as  'utterly  subversive  of  public 
credit'  (Fox,  15  March  1791 ;  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  140 1),  and  it  was  finally 

773 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

arranged  that  the  Bank  Directors  should  lend  ^f  500,000  without  interest. 
Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  1381-1422 ;  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitty  i.  383.  This  proposal 
was  cited  by  Brissot  in  his  report  on  12  Jan.  1793  in  favour  of  war  with 
England,  to  show  that  her  financial  position  was  desperate :  *pour  faire  face 
a  des  besoins  pressants,  on  est  oblige  de  se  degrader  au  point  de  voler  dans 
la  Banque  d'Angleterre  cinq  cent  mille  livres  sterling  appartenant  a  des 
proprietaires  inconnus!'  Desbriere,  Projets  et  tentatives  de  debarquement 
aux  ties  Britanniques  .  .  .,  1900,  i.  17.  See  Nos.  7839,  7842. 
i2iX9|in. 

7839NOXLV.     CANTERBURY  BANK  [1791] 

Pu¥  as  y^  Act  directs  by  K:  Skinner 

Engraving.  An  imitation  of  a  Bank  of  England  note  printed  on  thin  paper. 
In  the  upper  1.  corner  under  the  number  is  a  small  design  of  a  man  smoking 
a  pipe  outside  a  shed  with  a  closed  door  inscribed  The  House  of  Office.  He 
is  excreting ;  behind  him  are  four  ducks.  He  says :  Ah  woe  is  me  Abraham 
Newland  Alass  They  have  put  a  Glister  inmy  A  .  .  .  e. 

The  engraved  text  begins :  /  promise  to  pay  M^  Sippi  Round  O  Winter 
or  Bearer  on  demand  Ten  Farthings.  .  .  .  First  of  Aprils  179^-  and  is  signed 
John  Graspall. 

Abraham  Newland  (1730-1807)  was  the  chief  cashier  of  the  Bank  of 
England,  his  signature  appearing  on  the  notes  caused  them  to  be  known 
as  'Abraham  Newlands'.  Perhaps  a  satire  on  Pitt's  scheme  of  drawing  on 
unclaimed  dividends,  see  No.  7838,  &c.,  which  was  opposed  by  the  Bank. 
The  ducks  are  perhaps  lame,  i.e.  Stock  Exchange  defaulters,  cf.  No. 
5835,  &c. 
5X8in.  (pL). 

7840  THE  MODERN  ATLASS 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub^  Apr  6  lygi  by  S  W.  Fores  AT"  3.  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  carries  on  his  head 
the  Opera  House  in  the  Haymarket  (as  rebuilt  after  the  fire  of  1789).  He 
walks  towards  the  1.  and  away  from  the  spectator,  his  head  turned  in 
profile  to  the  1. ;  he  says,  /  said  I  would  take  it  all  on  my  own  back  Hie — up 
but  its  Dam'd  heavy.  A  small  figure  ( ?  Sheridan)  looks  out  of  the  window, 
inscribed  com*  Room^  under  the  pediment,  saying.  Take  care  by  Geoge  [sic] 
we  shall  be  down.  Four  other  small  figures  look  through  skylights  in  the 
roof;  one  ( ?  Weltje)  says.  Oh  by  gar  I. do  like  de  Show  for  Noting  Oh  I  shall 
tumble  \  another  says,  You  see  we  can  raise  ourselves  tho  we  Can't  raise  the 
Wind — .  Behind  the  Prince  is  the  colonnade  of  Carlton  House ;  a  shabby 
hoarding  conceals  the  steps  leading  to  it.  On  the  r.  walks  a  fashionably 
dressed  man,  saying  with  a  cynical  smile.  Aye,  Aye,  they  will  all  come  down 
together  bye  &  bye.  The  Prince  is  very  carelessly  dressed,  one  stocking 
slipping  down  and  one  shoe  unbuckled,  cf.  No.  7829. 

A  satire  on  the  support  given  to  the  (unlicensed)  Haymarket  Opera 
House  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  (for  party  reasons),  in  its  rivalry  with  the 
Pantheon,  see  No.  8010,  &c.   For  the  Prince's  debts  cf.  No.  7873,  &c. 
8|xi2|in. 

774 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7841  THE  POLITICAL  WARRIOR  MOWING  DOWN  THE  RUS- 
SIAN TRADE. 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W"'  Holland  N'^  50  Oxford  S^  April  7.  1791.  In 
Hollonds  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  larges  Collection  in  Europe 
of  Caricatures^  Admit"  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  runs  forward  (1.  to  r.)  to  the  water- 
side, a  large  sabre  raised  above  his  head,  saying.  The  Russian  trade  down 
the  first  \  he  threatens  a  number  of  stranded  ships  with  broken  masts.  The 
blade  of  his  sabre  is  inscribed :  General  War  in  Europe.  Hartzberg  Cutler 
Berlin.  In  his  1.  hand  he  holds  up  a  paper:  Responsibility  Unp^  Debts 
^20,00000  Ditto  3000000  New  Taxes  .  .  .  Taxes.  Above  him  is  a  scroll 
inscribed :  Under  the  Protection  of  the  Commercial  Treaty  with  France  [see 
No.  6995],  or  by  the  Armed  Neutrality  improved  Trade  of  Russia  carried  by 
French  bottoms.  On  the  r.  a  man  stands  on  a  quay  inscribed  Company  of 
Russia  Kay  to  be  let;  he  raises  in  both  hands  a  headsman's  axe,  inscribed 
Hard  Steel  badly  tempered,  to  smite  the  masts  of  the  ships  below  him,  say- 
ing, Down  with  it  [  ?  or  its]  Poland  its  as  well  Vengeance.  Above  his  head, 
rays  issuing  from  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design,  inscribed  Remote  fate^ 
no  more  wars  M — rs  [Ministers]  ultimatum,  impinge  on  a  semi-circle  of 
cloud  inscribed  Confidence.  On  this  stand  five  tiny  gibbets,  each  with  its 
pendent  body.  On  the  horizon  is  the  open  sea,  on  which  are  four  French 
ships  in  full  sail,  the  nearest  flying  a  tricolour  flag  inscribed  la  Nation  la  loi 
le  Roi. 

On  the  1.,  next  Pitt,  stands  Thurlow,  holding  against  his  I.  shoulder  the 
mace,  which  is  labelled  Prerogative  and  by  G — d  (cf.  No.  7320).  In  his  r. 
hand  is  a  paper :  Law  Authorities  for  rendering  defensive  treaty s  ofensive. 
His  Chancellor's  wig,  over  which  is  inscribed  Geographical  Knowledge,  is 
divided  into  small  sections,  each  inscribed  with  the  name  of  a  place :  imme- 
diately surrounding  his  face  are  six  portions  each  inscribed  Russia ;  on  his 
nose  is  Poland;  above  his  forehead  is  England.  Other  places  in  juxtaposition 
are  Oczakow,  Isle  of  Dogs,  Botany  Bay,  Persia,  Jordaine,  Terras  incognitas, 
Turin,  Constantinople,  and  Antwerp,  China,  Swisserland,  Africa,  Nootka, 
Germany,  Jerusalem,  Paris,  Pekin,  Patagonia,  France.  In  the  background 
on  the  extreme  1.  is  a  building :  National  Assembly,  with  the  cap  of  Liberty 
surmounting  a  tricolour  flag  inscribed  French  liberty  benefitted  by  the 
blunders  from  the  English  M — r.  From  the  door  issues  a  label  inscribed 
oui  out  une  adresse  de  tanks  a  M^  P — t.  From  the  Assembly  walk  two 
kings,  France  and  Spain ;  they  say  (pointing  to  Pitt) :  How  he  plays  our 
game  and  Bravo!  bravo!  bravo!  Beneath  the  design  is  etched :  Inscribed  to 
The  Russian  Company  by  their  Customers  The  Ship  Builders,  Sail  Makers, 
Rope  makers  and  other  contemptible  trades  that  contribute  to  the  prosperity  of 
Old  England. 

One  of  many  prints  attacking  Pitt's  Russian  Armament  policy,  by  which 
Russia  was  to  be  coerced  by  a  'display  of  force'  from  England  and  Prussia. 
An  ultimatum  was  sent  on  27  March :  Catherine  was  to  resign  the  conquests 
of  the  recent  war  with  Turkey,  including  Oczakoff,  but  might  retain  the 
Crimea,  absorbed  in  1783.  Pitt  presented  to  the  Commons  on  28  March 
the  King's  message  for  an  armament  to  add  weight  to  his  representations 
towards  Russia  to  eff^ect  a  pacification.  Fox  then  denounced  this  'mode  of 
plunging  the  nation  into  war  and  expence,  without  deigning  to  acquaint 

775 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

them  with  the  cause  ...  as  a  very  new,  violent  and  extraordinary  step 
indeed'.  The  proposal  was  effectively  attacked  by  the  Opposition  on 
29  March,  and  Ministers  doubted  whether  the  country  would  support  a 
Russian  war.  Pitt's  position  was  weakened  by  the  unpopularity  of  the 
armament  policy  and  its  subsequent  withdrawal.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  31  ff.; 
Camb.  Hist,  of  British  Foreign  Policy,  i.  207;  Rose,  Pitt  and  National 
Revival,  chap,  xxvii;  J.  T.  Stoker,  PiY^  et  la  Rev.frangaise,  1935,  pp.  55-61. 
The  print  illustrates  Thurlow's  speech :  'the  treaty  with  Prussia  was  purely 
defensive',  it  was  England's  duty  *to  take  part  in  the  interests  of  their  ally', 
especially  *if  the  Russians  by  their  conquests  were  surrounding  the  whole 
of  Poland  .  .  .',  op.  cit.,  pp.  45-6.  Hertzberg  was  the  Prussian  Foreign 
Minister.  See  also  Nos.  7827,  7842-7847,  7849,  7851,  7857,  7871,  7880, 
7881,  7897,  7898,  7902,  &c.,  7903. 

II X  15!  in. 

7842  PRESENT  STATE  OF  THE  NATION,  OR,  WHAT'S  SAVED 
AT  THE  SPIGGOT  LET  OUT  AT  THE  BUNGHOLE. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥:  by  W  Bent  April  8'^  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  barrel  or  butt  lies  horizontally  on 
trestles  inscribed  Taxation  and  having  four  legs,  one  of  which  is  broken,  but 
is  replaced  by  a  prop  inscribed  Unclaimed  Dividends  (see  No.  7838).  The 
legs  are  Excise,  Stamps,  Customs,  and  (broken)  Incidents  Rumors  of  War. 
The  barrel  is  inscribed  Alas  poor  Old  England!  art  thou  always  to  be  made 
the  Butt  of  Europe?  The  r.  end  of  the  barrel  is  Dutch  Squabble  (see  No. 
7172,  &c.),  Spanish  Humbug  (see  No.  7687,  &c.),  and  Russian  Rupture. 
From  this  end  a  stream  of  guineas  pours  into  the  jack-boot  of  the  King  of 
Prussia  (r.).  The  1.  end  above  the  spigot  is  inscribed  Sinking  Fund  Liquida- 
tion of  National  Debt.  Beneath  it  is  a  tub  inscribed  Surplus.  George  Rose^ 
kneels  in  profile  to  the  r.,  stopping  up  the  spigot,  his  1.  hand  held  beneath 
it,  saying,  AlVs  tight  and  safe,  besides  we'll  take  care  of  the  Droppings  if  any 
should  drop  by  accident.  From  the  bung-hole  of  the  barrel  ascends  a  puff 
of  smoke  inscribed  For  the  People.  Behind  Rose  stands  Pitt,  very  tall  and 
thin,  saying  to  Rose,  Dont  let  a  Drop  be  toasted,  and,  to  Frederick  William, 
We  are  all  compliance  Brave  and  Kind  Sir.  The  latter  is  a  grotesque  swash- 
buckling figure  with  extravagantly  long  moustaches  and  queue;  from  his 
large  cocked  hat  fall  showers  of  coins ;  his  pockets  and  his  boots  are  filled 
with  coins.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  drawn  sabre  inscribed  Offensive  and  Prussian 
Treaty  (see  No.  7827).  He  grasps  at  a  floating  paper  inscribed  Hanover, 
glaring  at  Pitt,  and  saying,  It  shall befullfilled.  Dam' me,  Dam' me  Dam'm-e! 
(the  oaths  increasing  in  size).  Between  his  straddling  legs  grovels  Holland, 
an  ungainly  burgher,  filling  his  hat  with  the  falling  coins. 

One  of  many  attacks  on  Pitt's  Russian  policy,  see  No.  7841,  &c.  England 
was  impelled  to  the  enforcement  of  the  status  quo  on  Russia  partly  through 
reluctance  to  break  up  the  triple  alliance  with  Prussia  and  Holland.  {Camb. 
Hist,  of  British  Foreign  Policy,  i.  205.)  The  expenses  of  the  proposed 
Russian  armament  (and  subsidies  to  allies)  are  contrasted  with  the  meagre 
surplus,  cf.  Nos.  7871,  7872.    For  the  sinking  fund  see  No.  7551,  &c. 

8iXi3|in. 

^  He  is  identified  (impossibly)  by  Miss  Banks  as  Burke,  to  whom  the  only 
resemblance  is  that  he  wears  spectacles. 

776 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7843  AN  IMPERIAL  STRIDE! 

[?  H.W.I] 

London  Pu¥  April  12^^  lygi  by  W"^  Holland  N°  50.  Oxford  Street 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 
of  caricatures  in  Europe  AdmiP'^  One  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  colossal  figure  of  Catherine  II  steps 
from  Russia,  a  rocky  mound  on  the  extreme  1.,  to  Constantinople y  her  toe 
resting  on  the  horn  of  a  crescent  which  surmounts  a  spire  on  a  group  of 
buildings,  with  a  dome  and  a  minaret.  Her  head  is  turned  in  profile  to  the 
r. ;  in  her  1.  hand  is  an  orb,  in  her  r.  she  holds  out  a  sceptre  over  Con- 
stantinople, at  which  she  looks  with  a  determined  frown.  Beneath  her 
petticoats,  and  strung  out  between  'Russia'  and  'Constantinople'  are  the 
heads  and  shoulders  of  seven  sovereigns,  gazing  up  at  her.  On  the  extreme 
1.  is  a  man  wearing  the  cap  of  the  Doge  of  Venice,  saying.  To  what  a  length 
Power  may  be  carried.  Next  is  the  Pope  wearing  his  triple  crown,  saying, 
/  shall  never  forget  it.  Next  is  the  King  of  Spain,  saying.  By  Saint  JagOy 
ril  strip  her  of  her  Fur!  Louis  XVI  says  Never  saw  any  thing  like  it. 
George  III  says  What!  What!  What!  What  a  prodigious  expansion!  The 
Emperor  says  Wonderful  elevation.  The  Sultan  says  The  whole  Turkish  Army 
wouldn't  satisfy  her.  Below  the  design  is  inscribed  European  Powers. 

A  satire  on  Catherine's  morals  and  on  the  Russo-Turkish  war.  The 
print  may  derive  from  a  paragraph  in  The  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  40  (March 
1791):  'The  Empress  of  Russia  is  said  to  intend  placing  one  foot  upon 
Petersburgh,  and  the  other  upon  Constantinople.  What  a  delight  must  the 
Imperial  stride  afford  to  the  curious  inhabitants  of  the  intermediate 
countries.'  In  the  debate  of  12  April  Sheridan  said  Sir  W.  Young  had 
'pictured  the  Empress  as  a  female  Colossus,  standing  with  one  foot  on  the 
banks  of  the  Black  Sea,  and  the  other  on  the  coast  of  the  Baltic'.  Pari. 
Hist.  xxix.  205.  For  Catherine's  ambitions  in  relation  to  Constantinople 
see  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  481-2.  On  her  ceremonial  visit 
to  the  Crimea,  in  1787,  she  entered  Cherson  through  an  arch  inscribed 
'The  way  to  Constantinople'.  Camb.  Mod.  Hist.  viii.  315.  Cf.  No.  7841,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  290. 
iijxi4f  in. 

7843  A  L'ENJAMBl^E  IMPERIALS 

Aquatint.  Copy  in  Boyer-Brun,  i.  194,  of  a  French  copy  of  No.  7843 
reversed.  The  Empress's  hair  is  more  dishevelled,  her  breasts  are  bare. 
There  are  eight  sovereigns,  differently  arranged.  They  say,  1.  to  r. :  The 
Sultan:  et  moi  aussifai  contribue  a  Vagrandir.  The  Emperor:  Pour  moije 
n'ai  rien  a  me  reprocher  de  ce  cdte-ld.  The  King  of  Prussia :  Peste  ce  n'est 
pas  la  des  ouvertures  de  paix.  The  King  of  Sweden :  Parbleu  elle  n' avail 
que  faire  de  moi  toute  Varmee  turque  y  passer  ait. 

These  four  are  in  profile  to  the  r. ,  the  others  in  profile  to  the  1.  George  III : 
Par  ma  prerogative,  ily  a  quelque  chose  la  dessous.  Louis  XVI :  Nous  avons 
fait  une  bien  autre  enjamhee.  The  King  of  Spain :  Au  Miracle!  The  Pope : 
Gare  mes  chers  fits  en  Jesus-Christ,  void  un  abyme  pret  a  vous  engloutir. 

Boyer-Brun  calls  the  print  'un  monument  d'impudence  et  degrossierete*. 

*  Attributed  to  Rowlandson. 

777 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Hennin,  No.  10836.  de  Vinck,  No.  4357,  where  Louis  XVFs  stride 
is  explained  as  the  flight  to  Varennes.  Blum,  No.  611.  Copy  (reversed)  in 
Jaime,  ii,  PI.  39  H.,  where  his  stride  is  explained  as  from  France  to  America 
(1779).  It  might  equally  be  the  removal  from  Versailles  to  Paris  (1789)  or 
be  figurative. 
SiiXzi'in.  B.M.L.  1422,  d.  29. 

Other  satires  appear  to  derive  in  part  from  No.  7843 : 
In  Ainsi  va  le  monde  (de  Vinck,  No.  4351,  reproduction)  Catherine  takes 
a  similar  stride  on  the  roof  of  a  glass  coach  containing  the  princes  of 
Europe.  Blum,  No.  517  (where  it  is  described  as  a  print  from  the  Actes  des 
ApdtreSf  t.  10).  She  also  takes  a  similar  stride  in  Les  Puissances  etrangeres 
faisant  danser  aux  deputes  Enrages  .  .  .  (Reproduced  Jaures,  Histoire  social- 
iste,  p.  1057).   Hennin,  No.  11,165;  de  Vinck,  No.  4368. 

In  Congres  des  rots  coalises  (de  Vinck,  No.  4358,  see  Catalogue,  vol.  vii) 
Catherine  is :  ^ditte  madame  Venjambee'. 

In  Enjamhee  de  la  saintefamille  des  thuilleries  a  Mont-midy  Marie  Antoinette 
strides  from  the  roof  of  the  palace  to  a  rock,  carrying  and  dragging  her 
family.  H.L.  figures  look  up  at  her.  Hennin,  No.  10984;  de  Vinck,  No. 
3929;  Blum,  No.  274;  Gower,  No.  481.  Reproduced,  Grand-Carteret, 
L' Histoire,  la  Vie,  les  Moeurs  .  .  .,  1928,  iv,  pi.  xx. 

V Enjamhee  imperiale  is  the  title  of  a  French  print  of  181 5  in  which 
Napoleon  strides  from  Elba  to  France.  Reproduced,  Broadley,  Napoleon 
in  Caricature,  ii.  60. 

7844   THE    RUSSIAN    BEAR   AND    HER   INVINCIBLE    RIDER 
ENCOUNTERING  THE  BRITISH  LEGION. 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  April  ig.  1791.  by  W.  Holland  N'^  50  Oxford  Street. 

In  Holland's  Exhibitio?t  Rooms  may  he  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 

Caricatures  in  Europe.  Admit"  One  Shil^ 
Just  Pu¥  the  Cause  of  the  War — The  Imperial  Stride — and  the  Political 

Warrior  mowing  down  the  Russian  Trade. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Prince  Potemkin  (1.)  rides  astride  the 
back  of  a  bear  with  the  crowned  head  of  Catherine  II.  His  sabre  is  raised 
above  his  head  to  strike  opponents  who  stand  with  levelled  spears.  These 
stand  in  a  close  group  headed  by  George  III  (crowned)  and  Salisbury,  the 
Lord  Chamberlain.  Behind  are  Thurlow  and  Pitt.  These  four  hold  spears, 
but  Potemkin  has  sheared  off  the  heads  of  three,  which  fly  in  the  air,  leaving 
intact  only  that  of  Pitt.  Behind  these  four  are  two  bishops  wearing  mitres. 
Catherine,  the  Russian  bear,  with  one  paw  raised  menacingly,  says.  Shiver 
their  lances  into  a  thousand  pieces,  my  dear  Potemkin!  I  always  vanquish  when 
ridden  hyyouf  Potemkin,  who  wears  a  hussar's  uniform  with  a  furred  cloak 
and  has  long  moustaches,  says.  Saint  George  and  my  old  Mistress  inspire 
met  We  two  have  done  such  feats  before  now  in  the  tented  field  that  Jove 
himself  has  wondered  at  our  godlike  prowess! ! !  His  sabre  is  inscribed  Death 
and  Destruction!  Pitt  says  My  Spear  never  failed  yet  in  any  engagements! 
only  let  me  pierce  her  once  and  it  will  he  all  over  with  her!  One  of  the  bishops 
says  From  Russian  Bears  good  Lord  deliver  me.  Thurlow  says  Blast  her 
tough  hide;  my  broken  spear  will  never  enter  it  by  G — d!  (cf.  No.  7320).  The 
King  says  Enter  it,  enter  it,  enter  it;  no  Thurley,  and  if  it  did  she  wouldn't 

778 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

care  a  jig  if  you  were  pricking  her  from  this  till  to  morrow  night!  Salisbury 
says  /  thought  my  Wand  of  office  was  invincible  every  where;  hut  he  has  cut  it 
downy  Sire,  like  a  bulrush! 

One  of  many  satires  on  Pitt's  Russian  policy,  see  No.  7841,  &c.  Prince 
Potemkin  was  the  ambitious  favourite  and  general  of  Catherine. 
iijxi5iin. 

7845  TAMING  OF  THE  SHREW :— KATHARINE  &  PETRUCHIO; 
—THE  MODERN  QUIXOTTE,  OR  WHAT  YOU  WILL. 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  April  2&^  1791,  by  S.  W,  Fores  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Pitt  as  Don  Quixote  (and  Petruchio)  bestrides  a  sorry  rosinante, 
the  white  horse  of  Hanover,  scarred  and  decrepit  and  apparently  at  the 
point  of  death.  Behind  him  sits  the  King  of  Prussia.  Holland,  as  Sancho 
Panza,  on  the  animal's  hind- quarters,  clasps  Prussia  round  the  waist.  The 
Sultan,  on  the  extreme  1.,  crouches  behind  the  horse,  kissing  its  tail.  Pitt, 
who  holds  a  whip,  points  a  thin  mail-clad  hand  arrogantly  at  Catherine  of 
Russia  (r.),  a  stout  woman  who  has  sunk  in  terror  to  her  knees,  but  is  sup- 
ported by  the  Emperor  Leopold  and  by  France,  a  grotesquely  lean  French- 
man of  the  old  regime,  wearing  a  cocked  hat  ornamented  with  fleur-de-lis. 
Pitt  wears  Mambrino's  helmet  (the  barber's  basin)  surmounted  by  a  crown 
and  a  feather.   He  says : 

^^  Katharine,  that  cap  of  yours  becomes  you  not; 
^^ Off  with  that  bauble,  His  my  royal  will. 
The  *cap'  is  a  crescent  in  her  hair,  symbolizing  her  conquests  from 
Turkey  and,  more  especially,  Oczakoff,  the  place  in  dispute.  Pitt's  horse 
(George  III),  says,  weeping,  Heigho!  to  have  myself  thus  rid  to  death,  by  a 
Boy  &  his  playmates,  merely  to  frighten  an  Old  Woman — /  wish  I  was  back 
in  Hanover  to  get  myself  a  belly  full.  A  holster  on  the  animal's  neck  is 
inscribed  G.R,  but  the  G  has  been  struck  out  and  replaced  by  P  (to  indicate 
that  Pitt  has  usurped  the  prerogative  of  the  Crown,  cf.  No.  7479,  &c.).  The 
King  of  Prussia,  with  his  chin  on  Pitt's  shoulder,  glares  fiercely ;  he  holds 
a  drawn  sabre  and  says.  Blood  &  Dunder,  I  would  give  her  one  good  Prussian 
stroking.  Sancho  Panza,  a  fat  Dutchman,  says,  Fm  in  a  good  humour  to  give 
her  a  dram  of  right  Holland's.  The  crouching  Turk  cries  obsequiously, 
Amman!  Amman!  Anglois,  Alia,  Alia.  Catherine  is  terrified,  she  turns 
away  from  Pitt  exclaiming: 

^^I  see  my  Lances  are  but  straws; 

^'My  strength  is  weak,  my  weakness  past  compare; 

*'And  am  ashamed,  that  Women  are  so  simple 

"To  offer  War  when  they  should  kneel  for  Peace. 
France  says,  O,  by  Gar!  if  Mirabeau  was  but  'live!    Sacre  Dieu.    The 
Emperor,  who  is  crowned,  and  wears  a  cloak  on  which  is  the  Habsburg 
eagle,  says.  Das  is  de  devil,  to  give  up  all  again.  Beside  Catherine  is  a  sword 
lying  across  a  plan  of  a  fortress,  Oczakow. 

A  satire  on  the  Russian  policy  of  Pitt,  who  is  here  (as  often)  represented 
as  usurping  the  power  of  the  Crown.  The  triple  alliance  (England,  Prussia, 
and  Holland)  were  committed  to  the  coercion  of  Russia  to  induce  Catherine 
to  make  peace  with  Turkey  on  the  basis  of  the  status  quo  ante.  The  attitude 
of  Leopold  II  and  of  France  was  believed  to  be  favourable  to  a  settlement 

779 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

on  these  terms,  which  were  being  discussed  at  the  Congress  of  Sistova. 
Cambridge  History  of  British  Foreign  Policy ^  i.  202.   See  No.  7841,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  125.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  51. 

Reproduced,  Social  Englandy  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  509. 
9jXi5iin. 

7846  THE  BALANCE  OF  POWER.— OR— "THE  POSTERITY  OF 
THE  IMMORTAL  CHATHAM,  TURN'D  POSTURE  MASTER."— 
Vide  Sheridans  Speech — 

[Gillray.] 

Puhlishd  April  21'^  I79iy  by  H:  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt,  very  thin  and 
elongated,  poises  on  one  toe  on  a  tight-rope ;  he  holds  a  long  balancing-pole 
in  both  hands,  on  one  end  (1.)  sits  the  Sultan,  on  the  other  (r.)  Catherine  II. 
The  Turk,  whose  end  of  the  pole  is  slightly  the  lower,  clutches  it  desper- 
ately, saying.  My  dear  Billy ,  do  help  me  to  make  another  pushy  &  I'll  give 
you — half  of  my  Seraglio.  The  fat  Empress  sits  with  her  hands  on  her  hips ; 
she  wears  a  crown,  in  her  r.  hand  is  a  sceptre,  in  her  1.  a  paper  inscribed 
New  Russian  Conquests.  She  says  Both  Billy — the  Flat,  &  yourself  may  do 
your  worst  you  circumcised  dog!  get  me  down  if  you  can! — F II  match  you  ally  & 
swallow  Thousands  more!  Pitt  stands  with  his  head  raised  arrogantly  in  profile 
to  the  r. ;  he  says.  The  old  Hag  cannot  move  mCy  &  Seraglios  cannot  bribe  me: 
— I  have  nothing  to  do  with  these  matters — my  Pole  will  always  re?nain  level — . 
On  the  ground  beneath  the  rope  stands  a  dwarfish  Sheridan  (r.)  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  grotesquely  caricatured  as  a  clown;  he  wears  trousers  and 
long  sleeves  which  cover  his  hands  and  hang  down.   He  says : 

O!  the  Devil!  the  Devil! 

The  Cow  leaps  over  the  Moon! 

And  if  I  could  once  get  up  on  the  RopCy 

Lord!  Fdfill  my  Pockets  soon: — 

/  meany  I  would  soon  bring  her  down: 
fol  der  loly  fol  der  ol 
Sheridan  said  in  a  long  speech  attacking  Pitt's  Russian  policy  on  15  April  : 
*let  us  call  it  any  thing  but  a  system  of  peace;  let  us  say  it  is  a  system  of 
ambition,  of  vain  glory,  to  see  the  offspring  of  the  immortal  Chatham, 
intriguing  in  all  the  courts  of  Europe,  and  setting  himself  up  as  the  great 
posture-master  of  the  balance  of  power,  as  possessing  an  exclusive  right 
to  be  the  umpire  of  all,  and  to  weigh  out  in  patent  scales  of  his  own,  the 
quantity  of  dominion  that  each  power  shall  possess.*  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  213. 
For  the  Russian  Armament  see  No.  7841,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  125.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 
i3jX9|in. 

7847  THE  POLITICAL  BLIND— BUFF  MAN  OR  THE  MIN- 
IST L  EXPEDIENCY. 

[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  April  lygi  by  W.  Holland  N""  50  Oxford  S^  In  Holland's 

Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of  Caricatures  in 

Europe  AdmiP'  One  ShiU 
Engraving  (coloured  impression).    Four  men  stand  on  the  sea-shore,  in 
back  view  but  looking  to  the  r.:  the  King  of  Prussia  stands  between 

780 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

Holland  (1.)  and  Pitt  (r.) ;  he  holds  Holland  by  the  ear  and  kicks  Pitt  behind, 
saying,  This  is  the  balance  of  Europe.  Pitt,  who  is  blindfolded,  says,  yes  Fll 
maintain  it ;  he  holds  out  in  each  hand  a  flaming  fire-brand  to  two  towns 
on  the  r.,  Cronstadt  and  Rerel  [sic].  The  whole  district  is  in  flames,  and 
there  are  four  other  burning  cities  (one  Riga) ;  the  flames  and  smoke  from 
all  six  merge  and  are  inscribed  Russia,  Poland,  Germany,  Austria.  The 
.  sea  which  stretches  between  Pitt  and  the  burning  cities  is  the  Baltic.  On  it  is 
a  boat  containing  four  men :  the  helmsman  says,  /  would  rather  be  a  Baltic 
trader;  the  two  oarsmen  say,  Do  not  mind  it,  it  will  bring  other  wars  and 
No  prize  money,  a  man  looking  through  a  telescope  says.  No  Galeons — 
Storms,  Sholas  &  Rocks.  A  man  standing  on  the  shore  shouts  to  the  boat 
nothing  good  to  be  got  by  it. 

Frederick  William,  who  wears  crown,  military  uniform,  and  jack-boots, 
conceals  behind  him,  half  thrust  into  his  coat-pocket,  a  paper :  Danzic  & 
Thorn.  Holland,  a  fat  burgher,  is  smoking;  he  says  What  a  blessed  Alliance, 
In  his  r.  hand  is  a  paper :  ^j  g — t  O  I  hope  all  dis  vill  end  in  a  Smoke.  The 
fourth  man,  who  stands  on  the  extreme  1.,  is  a  British  citizen  who  scowls 
as  he  reads  a  newspaper  inscribed  The  Trade  of  the  Baltic  Lost — New  Taxes 
Malt — Porter.  Across  the  sky  stretches  a  large  scroll  inscribed  The  Cause 
of  the  War ;  from  it  is  suspended  a  tiny  medallion :  Ocsakow. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Pitt's  Russian  poHcy,  see  No.  7841,  &c.,  and  an 
excellent  representation  of  the  attacks  upon  it :  that  Oczakoff  (where  Odessa 
now  stands)  was  of  little  importance,  that  Prussia  was  secretly  intent  on 
the  acquisition  of  Danzig  and  Thorn  at  the  expense  of  Poland  (which  Pitt 
was  anxious  to  protect),  that  the  Dutch  were  most  reluctant  to  take  part 
in  the  dispute,  while  war  would  mean  taxes  and  loss  of  trade.  Cf.  Rose, 
Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  605-6.  The  print  echoes  the  debates  of 
12  and  15  April,  when  the  Opposition  taunted  Ministers  with  being  led 
by  Prussia  whose  only  desire  was  to  seize  Danzic  and  Thorn,  while  England 
was  to  pay  the  piper.  Ibid.,  p.  613.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  164-249.  For 
'ministerial  expediency'  cf.  No.  7871. 

iiXi6j^6  in. 


7848  BARBARITIES  IN  THE  WEST  INDIAS 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  23^  179I'  hy  H.  Humphrey  N.  18.  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  From  a  cylindrical 
stone  vat  filled  with  steaming  liquid  protrude  the  legs  and  arms  of  a  negro, 
who  is  being  held  under  the  surface  by  a  fierce-looking  overseer  with  the 
handle  of  a  scourge.  The  overseer  stands  on  a  ladder  (r.),  saying,  B — t 
your  black  Eyes!  what  you  canH  work  because  you're  not  well? — but  Til  give 
you  a  warm  bath,  to  cure  your  Ague,  &  a  Curry -combing  afterwards  to  put 
Spunk  into  you.  On  the  wall  above  his  head  are  nailed  up,  in  a  row  with 
a  bird,  a  fox,  and  ferrets  (vermin),  a  black  arm  and  two  ears.  Through  a 
doorway  (r.)  palm-trees  are  suggested.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  M^ 
''Frances  [sic]  relates  ''Among  numberless  other  acts  of  cruelty  daily  practised, 
"an  English  Negro  Driver,  because  a  young  Negro  thro  sickness  was  unable  to 
"work,  threw  him  into  a  copper  of  Boiling-Sugar-juice,  &  after  keeping  him 
"steeped  over  head  &  Ears  for  above  Three  Quarters  of  an  hour  in  the  boiling 
"liquidy  whipt  him  with  such  severity,  that  it  was  near  Six  Months  before  he 

781 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

*'recover'dofhis  Wounds  &  Scalding'* Vide  M^  Frances  Speech^  corrobor- 
ated by  M''  Fox,  M""  Wilberforce  &c  &c. 

The  actual  passage,  from  the  debate  of  i8  April  179 1,  on  Wilberforce 's 
motion  for  the  abolition  of  the  Slave  Trade,  is :  *an  overseer  .  .  .  threw  a 
slave  into  the  boiling  cane  juice,  who  died  in  four  days ;  he  was  not  punished 
otherwise  than  by  replacing  the  slave,  and  being  dismissed  the  service.* 
Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  289.   Cf.  Nos.  8074,  8079,  8081. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  125.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  49.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830. 
9|Xi3|in. 

7849  A  GRAND  BATTLE  BETWEEN  THE  FAMOUS  ENGLISH 
COCK  AND  RUSSIAN  HEN! 

[?H.  W.]i 

London  Pu¥  by  W""  Holland  TV"  50  Oxford  S^  April  25.  lygi 
In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe  admittance  one  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  European  sovereigns  (who  wear  crowns) 
and  notabilities  are  grouped  in  a  semicircle  round  a  cock-pit,  watching 
intently  a  fight  between  two  cocks,  one  (1.)  with  the  head  of  George  III, 
the  other  that  of  Catherine  II.  Both  wear  crowns ;  the  King  says,  Boo!  boo! 
bluster!  bluster!  wont  leave  you  a  feather  to  cover  your  old  rump.  The 
Empress  says,  /  have  vanquished  many  a  finer  bird  than  you,  my  old  Cock. 
The  Sultan  of  Turkey  sits  full  face,  in  the  centre  of  the  spectators,  with 
coins  in  front  of  him ;  he  says,  If  the  Cock  mns  by  our  holy  Prophet  I  swear 
he  shall  be  cherished  in  our  Seraglio  as  long  as  he  lives.  A  lady  of  his  harem 
leans  on  his  1.  shoulder.  On  his  r.  sits  the  King  of  Prussia,  also  with  coins, 
saying.  Five  hundred  thousand  Rix  dollars  the  Cock  wins!  Next  him  sits 
Pitt,  a  spectator  without  a  stake,  saying,  /  would  like  to  have  a  bout  with  her; 
but  Fm  afraid  she'd  soon  do  my  business.  Behind  Pitt  stands  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  holding  out  a  bank-note;  he  says,  /  zvish  they'd  let  my  Bird  encounter 
her,  he'd  soon  lower  her  crest — ten  thousand  she  turns  tail.  On  the  extreme 
1.  sits  Queen  Charlotte,  with  a  pile  of  coins  and  notes,  holding  out  over  the 
cock  a  sceptre  on  which  is  transfixed  a  wreath ;  she  says,  A  Million  to  ten 
Thousand  my  Cock  wins.  Behind  her  stands  Thurlow,  saying,  Bl — t  her 
eyes,  she  looks  as  if  she  was'nt  afraid  of  any  Cock  in  Europe! — I  wont  bet  a 
penny,  by  G — d.  (Cf.  No.  7320.) 

On  the  Sultan's  1.  sits  a  small  man  wearing  a  turban ;  he  has  no  stake. 
Next  is  the  Emperor,  an  empty  wallet  in  front  of  him,  watching  the  fight 
anxiously.  Behind  him  stands  the  King  of  Spain,  saying.  It  is  easy  to  see 
by  her  spunk,  Potemkin  has  been  her  feeder.  On  the  extreme  r.  sits  Potemkin, 
wearing  regimentals,  with  a  large  stake,  his  hand  held  out  towards  the 
imperial  hen.  He  says,  A  Million  of  Rubles  she'll  win!  at  him  again,  my  dear 
Mistress!  Potemkin,  your  invincible  Feeder  will  back  you  to  the  last.  Behind 
him  stands  Louis  XVI,  wearing  a  tiny  crown ;  he  says,  /  would  give  all  that 
I  have  left  of  a  Crown  for  such  a  glorious  Bird. 

A  satire  on  the  Russian  Armament,  see  No.  7841,  &c.,  without  precise 
application  to  the  diplomatic  situation. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  290  (reproduction). 

lojxis  in. 

'  Attributed  to  Rowlandson. 

782 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7850  THE  INSOLVENT  BROTHERS  GIVING  QUEER  BAIL. 

[i  May  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  46.  Illustration  to  an  article,  'The  Royal 
Insolvents'.  A  Dutchman  (agent  for  the  chief  moneylenders  in  Holland) 
sits  at  a  table  receiving  the  Prince  of  Wales,  the  Duke  of  York,  and  the 
Duke  of  Clarence  who  stand  before  him,  holding  plans  of  their  estates. 
Behind  them,  in  the  doorway,  is  a  group  of  poor 'respectable  characters'  who 
accompany  the  Princes:  Fox,  Hanger,  Sheridan  (holding  a  mask),  and 
( })  Tarleton.  On  the  wall  are  shelves  piled  up  with  Mortgages  etc,  and  with 
pawned  objects:  garments  and  a  violin.  Beside  the  Dutchman  is  a  chest 
of  money-bags.  The  Dutchman  having  demanded  'personal  collaterals'  as 
security,  the  Princes  introduced  Fox  and  the  others,  arguing  that  their 
credit  was  excellent,  since  they  had  lived  on  it  for  at  least  two-thirds  of 
their  existence. 

The  three  princes  raised  a  loan  of  ,£100,000  abroad  (the  second  of  the 
kind)  by  bonds,  with  interest  payable  as  from  i  July  1791.  They  were 
cancelled  in  London,  but  continued  to  circulate  at  a  discount  in  Paris.  See 
Fitzgerald,  Royal  Dukes,  ii.  1 13-16;  Cornwallis  Corr.  ii.  109  and  n.;  Bland 
Burges  Papers,  p.  228.  See  No.  7873,  &c. 
5i|X3|in.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

7851  THE  TREATY  OF  PEACE  OR  SATISFACTION  FOR  ALL 
PARTIES. 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  May  3  lygi  by  SW  Fores  N""  3  Piccadily 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  Seraglio.  In  the  centre 
Catherine  II  and  the  Sultan  embrace;  she  says.  Kick  all  those  little  Hussey^s 
out  my  Dear  boy  Fll  do  your  business  for  you.  He  says,  Vat  a  fine  large  Girl 
as  a  Bear  I  fear  she  zvill  be  too  much  for  me.  The  other  couples  are  (1.  to  r.) : 
George  III  and  a  negress;  Thurlow  and  a  young  woman  who  holds  the 
mace  on  her  lap ;  the  United  Provinces,  a  stout  Dutch  burgher  pouring  out 
a  glass  of  brandy  for  a  woman.  All  exchange  coarse  remarks.  On  the 
extreme  r.  Pitt  is  being  attacked  by  two  women,  one  pulls  his  cravat  and 
scratches  his  face,  saying,  weHl  give  it  you  for  serving  the  pretty  Ladies  in 
England  as  you  did  &  Laying  so  much  upon  them.  The  other  kicks  him  and 
pulls  his  hair,  saying,  and  for  taxing  their  Things.  Pitt  says.  Indeed  I  never 
did  lay  too  much  upon  them  Oh  dear  me  I  shall  faint  I  canH  stand  indeed 
I  cant. 

As  a  result  of  the  opposition  of  the  country  to  war  with  Russia,  see 
No.  7841,  &c.,  a  policy  of  peace  was  foreshadowed  by  the  appointment  of 
Grenville  to  succeed  Leeds  at  the  Foreign  Office  in  April.  See  Political 
Memoranda  of  the  Duke  of  Leeds,  ed.  O.  Browning,  pp.  158-74.  Peace 
between  Russia  and  the  Porte  was  signed  at  Jassy  on  9  Jan.  1792. 
9fXi5iin. 

7852  BOYS'  PLAY,  OR,  THE  RUSSIAN  BEAR  BAIT. 
[Dent.] 

Pub^  by  W.  Dent  May  3^  1791. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Catherine  II,  crowned,  but  with  the 
body  of  a  bear,  crouches  on  the  ground  in  profile  to  the  1.,  clutching  in  her 

783 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

fore-paws  a  post  inscribed  Oczakow.  Round  her  are  spaced  figures  repre- 
senting the  European  powers,  each  flourishing  a  whip  or  scourge.  The  most 
prominent  are  Prussia  and  G^  Britain.  Frederick  William,  a  grotesque  figure 
with  long  floating  moustaches  and  a  queue  reaching  to  his  heels,  stands  on 
the  1.,  raising  a  scourge  to  strike,  saying,  F II give  her  a  Stroke  that  shall  turn 
to  some  account.  George  III,  riding  the  Hanoverian  Horse,  gallops  towards 
her  from  the  r.,  his  whip  raised,  saying,  F II  give  it  you  home  you  dissatisfied 
Thing.  His  saddle-cloth  is  inscribed  Expedient.  Behind  the  King,  Thurlow 
and  Pitt  run  forward ;  Thurlow  raises  a  scourge,  but  turns  to  Pitt,  saying. 
Why  Bill  Boy  where' s your  Tail — why  dontyou  try  to  do  something — she  shall 
find  me  equal  to  a  Bashaw  with  three  Tails.  Damme.  Pitt,  on  the  extreme  r., 
steps  on  the  back  of  a  bull  with  padded  horns,  which  lies  on  the  ground 
heavily  laden  with  a  bundle  of  Supplies ;  a  rope  from  its  head  is  attached  to 
his  arm;  he  says:  Ah!  ah!  ah!  this  is  fine  Sport — Ride  upon  her — pray  do — 
never  fear  her — this  is  my  expedient  Treat — y  [cf.  No.  7871].  The  bull  says, 
/  suppose  in  the  end  I  shall  be  baited  with  Taxes.  In  the  foreground  a  stout 
Dutch  burgher  is  seated  in  profile  to  the  r.  on  a  cask  of  Holland's.  His  whip 
lies  on  the  ground  at  his  feet ;  he  fills  his  pipe  meditatively,  saying,  Fll  have 
a  knock  at  her  by  and  by — /  dont  like  to  be  too  hasty  in  a  Thing  where  nothing 
is  to  be  got  by  the  Issue  of  the  Matter. 

The  other  figures  are  on  the  further  side  of  the  Russian  bear  and  on  a 
smaller  scale :  the  King  of  Po — land  wearing  a  crown,  stands  behind  her, 
his  whip  raised,  saying,  Fll  give  her  a  precious  Stroke  even  if  it  should  break 
my  back  and  cause  a  partition  of  my  Parts.  A  Tartarin  Bashaw  of  three  Tails 
dressed  as  a  Turk,  but  with  three  long  pigtail  queues,  raises  a  scourge,  say- 
ing, /  think  I  can  put  in  a  good  Stroke  or  two.  In  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the 

design  the  representative  of  Turkey  runs  oflp,  pursued  by  P P — t — n 

(Potemkin)  with  a  large  sabre.  Potemkin  says,  Fll  cut  your  tail  off  M^PlenipOy 
or  drive  you  into  the  red  Sea  before  my  Mistress  shall  be  thus  Turk  ridden. 
He  holds  the  end  of  a  long  thick  rope  attached  to  the  Russian  Bear. 

An  attack  on  the  Russian  Armament,  see  No.  7841,  &c.  At  this  time  the 
British  Government  was  seeking  for  a  peaceful  compromise  with  Russia,  see 
No.  7851.  Frederick  William  was  also  relieved  at  the  prospect  of  avoiding 
war.  This  was  a  diplomatic  success  for  Catherine  and  of  ill-omen  for 
Poland,  where,  on  3  May  179 1,  a  peaceful  revolution  took  place  which 
would  have  strengthened  the  country  if  other  circumstances  had  not  led 
to  partition.  Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revivaly  pp.  619-32.  Grenville,  in 
a  debate  on  the  treaty  with  Prussia  (i  Apr.),  had  asked  the  Opposition 
*  whether  it  was  wise  or  expedient  to  anticipate  negotiation  . . .'.  Pari.  Hist, 
xxix.  83.  See  No.  7871,  &c.  For  the  Plenipotentiary  cf.  No.  7935. 
14!  X  10  J  in. 

7853  RIGHTS  OF  MAN  ALIAS  FRENCH  LIBERTY  ALIAS  ENTER- 
ING VOLUNTEERS  FOR  THE  REPUBLIC 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  May  7  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly  where  may  be 
seen  a  Compleate  Model  of  the  Guilotine  also  the  largest  Collection  of 
caracaturs  in  the  Kingd"",  the  Head  <Sf  Hand  of  Count  Streuenzee.  &c. 
Admit  I 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Recruits,  bound  and  humiliated,  are  led 
off  by  two  grotesque  French  officers,  a  third  drives  them  along  with  his 

784 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

sword.  Five  famished-looking  men  have  been  thrown  across  the  back  of 
a  large,  clumsy,  and  scarred  horse,  where  they  lie  head  downwards,  scream- 
ing. Into  the  posteriors  of  the  topmost  man  is  thrust  a  vertical  pole,  striped 
like  a  barber's,  and  tricolour,  which  supports  a  cap  of  Libert^;  he  says,  / 
wont  be  a  Volunteer  f outre.  Another  man  says,  if  this  is  Rights  of  Man  & 
french  Liberty  Lord  have  mercy  upon  us.  On  the  horse's  neck  sits  one  of  the 
officers,  pointing  to  his  victim  and  saying,  Vive  la  Liberte;  he  is  grotesquely 
lean  and  ragged,  but  has  a  large  cocked  hat  with  tricolour  cockade,  long 
queue  and  gauntlet  gloves,  jack-boots  and  spurs.  A  similar  soldier  (r.) 
leads  the  horse  by  a  halter,  a  sword  in  his  hand;  he  looks  back  fiercely, 
saying.  Come  along  my  brave  Volunteers,  one  Sous  per  Day  in  Assignats  & 
Plenty  of  Water. 

Other  men  are  dragged  along  by  ropes  attached  to  the  horse ;  a  woman 
and  two  ragged  children  form  a  chain  to  pull  back  a  ragged  man  who  is 
so  dragged ;  he  says,  oh  mon  Dieu,  my  Wife  &  my  pauvre  Famille.  Another 
ragged  man  has  fallen  to  the  ground.  Both,  though  their  rags  do 
not  cover  their  nakedness,  have  some  sign  of  the  foppery  which  English 
caricature  associated  with  French  poverty:  one  has  a  ruffled  shirt-sleeve 
(without  a  shirt),  the  other's  hair  is  fashionably  arranged.  Four  other 
men  are  being  driven  along  behind  the  horse  by  the  third  soldier  who  says, 
Come  along  and  share  in  the  glory  of  France!',  a  man  on  the  extreme  1.  says, 
cowering  in  terror,  O  I  do  not  wish  to  go  to  Glory  so  soon. 

The  date  1791  is  perhaps  an  engraver's  error  for  1793 :  the  Republic  was 
not  proclaimed  till  22  Sept.  1792.  The  first  execution  by  guillotine  took 
place  on  25  April  1792,  but  for  some  little  time  the  new  instrument  was 
called  La  Louisette.  C.  D.  Hazen,  French  Revolution,  1932,  i.  384.  The 
print  may  relate  to  the  unpopular  recruiting  law  of  24  Feb.  1793.  Ibid., 
ii.  614. 
9^6X14  in. 

7854  THE  BATTLE  OF  THE  WHIGS,  OR,  THE  MEAL-TUB  PLOT 
DISCOVERED. 

[Dent.] 

Fu¥  by  W  Bent  May  f^  lygi 

Engraving.  Fox  and  Burke,  both  stripped  to  the  waist,  face  each  other  with 
clenched  fists.  Their  backers  are  behind  them.  Fox  (1.),  short  and  very 
stout,  looks  up  at  Burke,  weeping  copiously  and  saying,  /  am  struck  all  of 
a  heap  and  could  cry  my  Eyes  out  at  seeing  my  old  Friend  and  dear  Master  so 
much  out  of  Order!!!  Burke  (r.),  very  tall  and  thin,  threatens  Fox  with  a 
downward  thrust  of  his  r.  arm,  his  1.  hand  is  behind  his  back,  covertly 
receiving  a  fish  (cf.  No.  6915)  which  Pitt  places  in  it.  His  wig  is  under  his 
foot,  and  his  whole  person,  including  his  bald  head,  is  dotted  vfith fleurs-de- 
lis.  On  his  posteriors  is  a  crown  and  the  words  Old  Constitution,  satirizing 
his  attitude  to  the  French  Monarchy  (cf.  No.  7675,  &c.).  Above  his  head 
is  a  large  crescent  moon  inscribed  Consistency  (cf.  No.  7689).  He  says, 
A  Plot!  A  horrid  Plot!  a  Faction  of  Black  Spirits  and  White;  Blue  Spirits 
and  Grey,  Mingle;  Mingle,  Mingle,  Devils  that  Mingle  may  with  enormous 
appetites  [be]  prepared  to  devour  the  very  Victuals  of  the  Constitution — but 
dont  be  frightened — Fll  repel  the  infernals—for  in  such  a  glorious  cause  I  dare 
fight  them  all  with  one  hand  the  other  tied  behind.  Behind  Fox  is  Sheridan 
as  bottle-holder,  holding  an  enormous  wine-bottle  inscribed  French  Spirits'; 

785  3E 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

his  expression  and  attitude  are  those  of  a  conspirator.  Beside  him  stands 
Grey,  young,  sUm,  and  intent,  holding  on  a  staff  the  cap  of  Liberty  in- 
scribed New  Constitution  and  decorated  with  fleurs-de-hs.  Above  them 
looks  down  the  irradiated  profile  of  ( ?)  Portland. 

Pitt,  even  thinner  than  Burke,  with  his  hair  standing  on  end,  is  Burke *s 
backer,  holding  out  a  fish  and  a  loaf.  He  says:  /  am  not  surprised!  nor 
alarmed!  no  not  I — andifthere^s  any  thing  in  what  you  say — though  you  have 
heretofore  hurled  on  me  the  most  violent  abuse ^  Fll  Support  you.  Behind  Pitt 
is  a  large  cask  inscribed  Meal  Tubj  filled  with  loaves  and  fishes.  Against 
the  cask,  and  on  the  extreme  r.,  stand  Dundas  and  Rose,  their  hands  raised 
in  horror,  and  their  hair  on  end.  Dundas  says.  Oh!  Saint  Andrew!  what 
a  Plot!  in  gude  troth  ye  may  e^ en  gang  hack  for  the  de'el  a  hit  zvullyeget^  for 
we  ave  hungrey  Guts  enough  of  our  own^  and  so  ye  may  tell  the  Deevil  that 
wou^d  lend  a  hand  to  turn  wholesome  English  hread  into  French.  Rose,  a  pen 
behind  his  ear  to  denote  his  Secretaryship  of  the  Treasury,  says.  Oh!  dear 
what  a  frightful  Plot!!!  Oh!  dear  what  an  envious  World  we  live  in — what 
a  wicked  greedy  Plot  to  put  us  out  of  Bread!!! 

A  satire  on  the  quarrel  between  Fox  and  Burke  which  took  place  over 
the  discussion  of  the  Quebec  Bill  on  6  May  (after  nearly  exploding  on 
15  April;  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  249).   Burke  denounced  the  new  French  con- 
stitution as  disastrous  to  the  French  West  Indies,  quoting  : 
Black  spirits  and  white 
Blue  spirits  and  grey 
Mingle,  mingle,  mingle.   (See  No.  7865,  &c.) 

Fox  attacked  him  for  irrelevance  and  (ironically)  thought  he  could  hardly 
be  said  to  be  out  of  order.  Burke  retaliated,  and  spoke  of  doctrines  'intended 
fundamentally  to  subvert  the  constitution',  and  was  called  to  order.  The 
debate  developed  into  an  attack  by  Burke  on  French  revolutionary  prin- 
ciples and  an  exposition  of  his  differences  with  Fox  on  various  questions, 
announcing  that  'their  friendship  was  at  an  end*.  When  Fox  rose  to  reply, 
his  tears  at  first  prevented  him  from  speaking.  Grey  intervened,  calling 
Burke  to  order,  but  Sheridan  did  not  speak.  Burke  was  repeatedly  called 
to  order  by  his  own  party.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  364-401.  See  the  Annual 
Register y  1791,  pp.  119  ff.,  for  the  allegations  against  Burke  in  the  news- 
papers :  he  was  accused  of  plotting  with  Pitt  to  traduce  Fox  as  a  republican, 
and  (by  the  ministerial  press)  of  being  a  king's  evidence  against  his  accom- 
plices, while  'paragraphs  were  embodied  in  caricatures'.  For  the  Meal-Tub 
Plot  (1680),  a  supposed  'sham  plot'  to  invalidate  the  Popish  Plot,  see  Nos. 
1086, 1088,  &c.  For  the  quarrel  see  also  Nos.  7855, 7856,  7858,  7860,  7861, 
7862,  7863,  7864,  7865,  7866,  7870. 
8JXi3Ain. 

7855  THE  WRANGLING  FRIENDS  OR  OPPOSITION  IN  DIS- 
ORDER 

JN  [?  Nixon  del.,  I.  Cruikshank  f.] 

Pu¥  May  10  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  and  Burke  stand  side  by  side  on 
the  floor  of  the  House  of  Commons.  Behind  and  between  them  is  the 
Speaker,  just  risen  from  his  chair,  behind  the  table  with  its  books  and  mace. 
On  each  side  are  members,  their  gestures  and  expressions  showing  great 
agitation.  Fox  (1.)  stands  full  face  weeping,  holding  up  a  handkerchief;  his 

786 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

I.  hand  is  on  his  breast.  Large  tears  fall  to  the  ground,  where  a  boy  on  his 
knees  is  baling  up  a  pool  into  a  full  bucket.  Fox  says,  Ah  well  a  day  my  poor 
heart  will  allmost  Breaks  25  years  Friendship  &  use  me  thus  Oh — Oh — 
Edmund!!!  Burke  turns  away  from  Fox,  but  frowns  at  him  over  his 
shoulder,  saying: 

Black  Spirits  &  White  Blue  Spirits  &  Grey 

&  Old  nick  at  their  head,  to  H — /  take  you  away  [see  No.  7865,  &c.] 

He  holds  a  document  in  each  hand :  French  Constitution  and  Treason  con- 
spiricy  Poor  Old  England.    From  his  coat  pocket  protrude  two  papers: 

Bastile  and  (reversed)  Queen  of  F e.  He  tramples  on  a  paper :  Canada 

Bill.  A  demon  hovers  over  Burke,  applying  a  pair  of  bellows  to  his  head, 
from  which  issues  an  expanding  cloud ;  he  says,  by  Lucifer  it  Boils  bravely. 
The  Speaker  (Addington)  says : 

This  is  a  sight  I  wish  to  see  no  more 
a  man  does  weep  who  never  wept  Before 

The  Opposition  members  are  grouped  (incorrectly)  on  the  1.  Sheridan 
steps  forward  with  clenched  fist,  saying.  Oh  Lord  oh  Lord  Order  Order  the 
man  that  betrays  his  friend  &c  &c.  School  for  Scandal 

A  man  behind  calls  for  Mops  &  pails ;  a  member  dressed  like  a  school- 
boy to  indicate  his  youth  (probably  Grey)  shouts  perfectly  in  Order.  On 
the  r.  Pitt  sits  composedly  watching  the  pair;  he  says,  If  they'd  cut  each 
others  Throats  I  should  be  Relieved  from  these  Troublesome  Fellows.  Behind 
him  stands  a  member,  with  his  hand  raised,  shouting  Chair  Chair.  Beneath 
the  title  is  etched :  /  think  myself  justified  in  Saying  this,  because  I  do  Know 
that  there  are  People  in  this  Country  avowedly  endeavouring  to  Disorder  its 
Constitution  its  Government  &  that  in  a  very  Bold  Manner — Vide  Burk*s 
Speech — . 

A  satire  on  the  famous  scene  between  Fox  and  Burke  on  6  May,  which 
resulted  in  their  permanent  estrangement,  see  No.  7854,  &c.  The  House 
was  in  Committee,  the  Speaker,  therefore,  was  not  in  the  chair.  Pellew, 
Life  of  Sidmouthy  i.  84.  Francis  writes  of  Fox's  tears :  'they  who  knew  him, 
knew  it  was  a  farce,  and  that  he  cared  not  one  farthing  for  Burke.  It  was 
ill  acted  too,  and  would  not  have  succeeded  as  a  representation.*  Parkes, 
Memoirs  of  Sir  P.  Francis^  ii.  458-9.  The  tears  were  'all  my  eye',  according 
to  the  Public  Advertiser y  14  May  1791.  For  the  'Queen  of  France*  see 
No.  7675,  &c. 
9jXi4jin. 

7856  THE  QUARREL  BETWEEN  THE  POLITICAL  BUILDERS 
OR  OPINIONS  DIAMETRICALLY  OPPOSITE. 

[?  Marquis  Townshend.] 

Done  by  One  in  the  Shop  at  the  time  of  the  Quarrel!  Publish' d  May  11^^ 
lygi — hy  W Maynard  S^  Martins  Court  Leicester  Fields — London. 

Engraving.  Fox  and  Burke  face  each  other,  seated  on  chairs  in  close  prox- 
imity, Burke  (r.)  pugnacious,  Fox  (1.)  lacrimonious ;  a  winged  Devil 
crouches  behind  Burke's  chair,  saying  to  him,  Brother  Brother  we  are  both 
in  the  wrong.  A  paper  inscribed  Revolution  protrudes  from  Burke's  pocket; 
he  says :  /  thought  you  had  a  better  taste  in  Architecture  I  say  it  is  a  Building 
of  untemperd  mortar  built  by  Goths  &  vandals — where  everything  is  out  of 

787 


CATALOGUE    OF   POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

place  &  Inverted — See  what  my  Book  says  on  the  Subject.  Fox,  leaning 
forward  and  holding  a  handkerchief  to  his  eyes,  says.  After  working  so  many 
years  together  in  the  same  Shop — it  forces  Tears  from  me  to  think  we  should 
quarrel  aV  a  paltry  Building — though  I  must  own  in  my  opinion  it  is  a 
Stupendous  Fabric  of  Human — Wisdom!!  (Cf.  No.  8150.)  In  the  foreground 
on  the  extreme  1.  sits  Pitt  on  a  low  stool,  with  his  back  to  the  disputants ; 
he  is  very  youthful-looking :  above  his  head  are  the  words : 

Little  Bill  Horner 

Sat  in  a  Corner 

And  eat  his  Christmas  Pie!! 

He  holds  a  piece  of  food  to  his  mouth ;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  document : 
Ways  and  MeanSy  and  from  his  coat  pocket  two  papers  protrude  inscribed 
Budget  and  Taxes.  In  the  background  on  the  r.,  as  if  below  the  level  of  the 
foreground,  is  a  freely  sketched  rendering  of  the  floor  of  the  House  of 
Commons :  the  Speaker  in  his  chair  dominates  a  sea  of  heads  with  members 
rising  to  speak.  Over  this  is  inscribed  the  lines  quoted  by  Burke : 
Black  Spirits  &  White 
Blue  Spirits  &  Grey 
Mingle  Mingle 
Hubble  Bubble 
Toil  &  Trouble  &c  [see  No.  7854,  &c.]. 

A  satire  on  the  famous  scene  between  Fox  and  Burke  on  6  May,  which 
resolved  itself  into  a  violent  dispute  on  the  merits  and  principles  of  the 
French  Revolutionary  constitution  (arising  out  of  a  debate  on  the  pro- 
posed new  constitution  for  French  Canada).  Burke  'observed  that  M^  Fox 
himself  had  termed  the  new  French  system  a  most  stupendous  and  glorious 
fabric  of  human  integrity.  He  had  really  conceived  that  the  right  hon. 
gentleman  possessed  a  better  taste  in  architecture  than  to  bestow  so  magnifi- 
cent an  epithet  upon  a  building  composed  of  untempered  mortar.  He  con- 
sidered it  as  the  work  of  Goths  and  Vandals,  where  every  thing  was 
disjointed  and  inverted'.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  396.  The  Devil's  quotation 
from  the  'Beggar's  Opera',  ii.  2,  represents  the  quarrel  as  the  falling  out 
of  thieves  (cf.  No.  7627).^  See  No.  7854,  &c.  For  Burke's  Reflections  on  the 
French  Revolution  see  No.  7675,  &c. 

The  manner  of  the  print  is  that  of  a  free  pen-drawing,  and  resembles  pen- 
drawings  by  Townshend. 
10^X14!  in. 

7857  AN  ENGLISH  HOBBY  HORSE;  OR,  WHO  PAYS  THE  PIPER? 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  May  11,  lygi  by  Will""  Holland,  AT"  ^o  Oxford  Street. 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe  Admit''  one  Shilling, 

Engraving.  A  bull  (John  Bull)  in  profile  to  the  r.  sinks,  snorting  with  dis- 
tress, under  the  weight  of  five  persons.  The  foremost,  astride  the  animal's 
neck,  is  the  Emperor  Leopold;  he  holds  the  legs  of  Catherine  II,  a  stout 
virago,  who  sits  on  his  shoulders,  brandishing  her  orb  and  sceptre.   She 

*  Townshend  had  caricatured  Newcastle  and  Fox  (Lord  Holland)  in  1756  as 
Peachum  and  Lockit,  see  No.  3371. 

788 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

says,  Where*  s  all  your  boasting  now  my  old  Bull!  by  S^  George  I  knew  I  could 
bring  you  upon  your  knees!  ay^  and  before  I  have  done  riding  you  I* II  make  you 
knock  under.  Behind  Leopold  sits  George  III,  saying,  Don't  mind,  don't 
mind,  don't  mind  [a  parody  of  the  King's  manner  of  conversation],  he'll  soon 
recover,  It 's  all  sham,  his  stumbling.  Frederick  WilHam  of  Prussia  sits  behind 
George  III,  wearing  regimentals  with  jack-boots.  Behind  him  sits  a  fat 
Dutchman  (Holland)  smoking  a  pipe.  Behind,  and  on  the  1.,  is  a  group  of 
three  persons  on  a  smaller  scale.  Pitt,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  seizes  by  the  collar  a 
lean  and  ragged  British  citizen  (John  Bull),  saying,  No  grumbling,  you 
rascal!  You  must  pay  the  Piper  to  be  sure.  What  the  devil,  surely  you  couldn't 
expect  the  great  folks  that  represent  you  to  contribute  a  shilling!  Besides 
you  are  a  damn'd  saucy  fellow,  master  Bull,  and  you  must  be  tam'd.  Bull 
answers,  Tam'd:  why,  good  God,  Sir,  I  have  scarcely  a  morsel  of  bread  to  eat, 
and  even  the  Small  Beer  is  Tax'd  above  my  purchase!  On  the  extreme  1.  a 
lean  man  kneels,  blowing  a  trumpet  and  looking  up  at  Pitt ;  he  is  perhaps 
an  ironical  representation  of  Fame. 

A  satire  on  the  expenses  of  the  Russian  Armament,  and  on  the  diplo- 
matic success  for  Russia  of  its  abandonment.   See  No.  7841,  &c. 

ii|Xi6f  in. 


7858  MR  BURKE'S  PAIR  OF  SPECTACLES  FOR  SHORT  SIGHTED 
POLITICIANS 

J  Sayer  fed 

PubM  by  Th(f  Cornell  Bruton  Street  12  May  lygi 

Aquatint.  A  hand  extends  from  the  1.  margin  of  the  design  holding  the 
bridge  of  a  pair  of  spectacles:  two  ovals  in  which  are  bust  portraits  of 
Fox  (1.)  and  Sheridan  (r.)  facing  each  other  in  profile,  and  having  (especially 
Sheridan)  the  air  of  sinister  conspirators.  The  rest  of  the  print  is  supposed 
to  be  seen  through  these  spectacles.  Fox,  dressed  partly  as  Cromwell, 
raises  an  axe,  the  blade  inscribed  Rights  of  Man,  to  strike  the  trunk  (still 
intact)  of  the  tree  of  ( ?)  the  Constitution  (or  the  Crown,  Church,  and 
nobility).  He  wears  a  French  cocked  hat  with  a  favour  inscribed  Vive  la 
Nation.  The  Duke  of  Portland  (1.)  sits  in  profile  to  the  r.  astride  a  cylinder 
inscribed :  Part  of  the  Subscription  Whig  Pillar  of  Portland  Stone  intended 
to  have  been  erected  in  Runnimede  (see  No.  7396,  &c.).  He  gazes  in  horror, 
his  hands  raised,  at  a  demon  of  simian  appearance,  with  webbed  wings  and 
serpents  for  hair,  wearing  a  cocked  hat  like  that  of  Fox ;  suspended  above 
the  hat  are  the  feathers  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  The  demon  holds  out  to 
Portland  a  picture  of  a  tree  growing  in  a  pot  inscribed  Republi[ca]nism ;  its 
foliage  is  inscribed  Atheists  \  Demagogues  \  The  Mob;  on  the  ground  are 
a  shield  inscribed  Nobility  and  a  crown.  The  picture  is  A  Plan  of  the  new 
Constitution  of  France,  the  Perfection  of  human  Wisdom  recommended  as  a 
Model  for  Canada  by  the  R  [Hon.  C.  J.  Fox],  see  No.  7856.  He  sits  on  two 
volumes.  Treasonable  \  Seditious  Serm[ons'\  on  which  is  an  open  book :  Rights 
of  Man  by  M  P.  [Paine].  Beside  him  lies  a  burning  fire-brand.  In  front 
of  him  is  a  circular  aperture  in  the  ground  from  which  rise  a  skull  wearing 
a  wig  (and  resembling  Price)  and  the  two  hands  of  a  skeleton,  one  holding 
an  open  book  inscribed  Lord  now  lettest  thou  thy  Servant  depart  in  Peace . . . 
mine  Eyes  . . .  [sleen  thy  Salvation  (a  quotation  from  Price's  famous  sermon 
on  4  Nov.  1789,  see  No.  7629,  &c.).  Price  died  on  19  April  1791. 

789 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

On  the  tree  are  various  emblems :  where  the  branches  spring  from  the 
trunk  is  a  crown ;  above  this  is  a  large  star  of  the  Garter  which  is  being 
extinguished  by  Sheridan  (wearing  a  hat  like  that  of  Fox  and  of  the  demon) 
who  holds  up  an  extinguisher  at  the  end  of  a  pole  (as  used  in  the  theatres), 
saying,  Ca  ira.  Immediately  above  it  is  a  large  Holy  Bible  on  which  rest 
a  mitre  and  a  chalice.  Priestley  (1.),  mounted  on  a  flying  monster  with 
webbed  wings,  tilts  with  a  lance  at  these  objects;  from  his  coat-pocket  pro- 
trudes a  large  book :  Priestley  on  civil  Government.  Below  four  escutcheons 
are  suspended  from  two  branches :  two  (1.)  are  inscribed  Hereditary  Nobility ^ 
a  flying  demon  is  about  to  cut  them  down  with  a  scythe  inscribed  Rights  of 
Man.  The  other  two  bear  the  arms  of  the  Portland  and  Cavendish  families ; 
another  flying  demon  is  about  to  cut  them  down  with  a  pair  of  shears. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

nought  shall  make  us  rue 

If  England  to  itself  do  rest  but  true. 

Shakespeare 

An  allegorical  representation  of  the  thesis  of  Burke's  Reflections  on  the 
French  Revolution,  see  No.  7675,  &c.  His  'spectacles'  contain  portraits 
of  his  party  with  whom  he  had  quarrelled,  see  Nos.  7627,  7854,  &c. 
The  attitude  of  Portland  foreshadows  the  split  in  the  Whig  party.  For 
Fox  as  Cromwell  see  No.  6380,  &c.  For  Paine 's  Rights  of  Man  see  No. 
7867,  &c. 
12^^X9!  in. 

7859  PUBLISHED  BY  ORDER  OF  THE  SOCIETY  FOR  CONSTI- 
TUTIONAL INFORMATION  BY  D.  A S  [Adams]  SECRETY 

J5/ [Bayer.] 

Published  12^^  May  lygi  by  Thcf  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Engraving.  An  ass,  laden  with  panniers  filled  with  books,  lifts  up  its  head 
to  bray  Rights  of  Man  (thrice  repeated),  while  its  hind-legs  are  kicking  in 
the  direction  of  the  British  Lion  (r.).  From  its  head  hang  an  ink-bottle 
and  pen.  The  books  are  inscribed  Paines  Pampl[et]y  Paine  (twice).  Libels 
on  the  Constitution,  Treason,  Atheistic  Trac[ts],  Treasonable  Essays,  Seditious 
Pamphlets.  The  head  only  of  the  lion,  crowned,  appears  on  the  r.,  his 
mouth  is  open  as  if  roaring,  and  he  holds  open  a  large  book  inscribed :  (1.) 
Reflections  on  the  Revolution  in  France  &c  by  the  Right  Honble  E  Burke, 
and  (r.)  (a  quotation  from  p.  3,  ist  ed.) :  the  soci[ety]  calling  itself  the  Society 
for  Constitutional  Information  was  intended  for  the  Circulation  at  the  Expence 
of  the  Members  of  many  Books  which  few  others  would  be  at  the  Expence  of 
buying  and  which  might  lie  on  thands  [sic]  of  the  Booksellers.  Beneath  the 
title  is  etched : 

*'From  all  Seditions  privy  Conspiracy  and  Rebellion  from  all  false  Doctrine 
Heresy  and  Schism  &c   Good  Lord  deliver  us.*^ 

The  ass  is  Adams,  secretary  of  the  Society,  who  is  said  to  have  received 
3^50  a  year  for  allowing  his  name  to  appear  on  papers  which  members  were 
afraid  of  signing.  (Note  by  Miss  Banks.)  For  the  books  of  Burke  and  Paine 
see  respectively  Nos.  7675,  7867,  &c.  For  the  Society  for  Constitutional 
Information  cf.  No.  6246. 

7iXioJin. 

790 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7860  THE  POLITICAL  WEEPING  WILLOW. 

London  Pu¥  May  13.  1791.  by  W  Holland  A^«  ^o  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  stands  full  face,  his  arms  extended ; 
these  arms  are  the  branches  of  a  tree,  and  his  body  is  its  trunk.  The  two 
branches  fork  into  the  boughs  of  a  weeping-willow,  whose  foliage  forms 
an  arch  above  Fox's  head,  and  hangs  nearly  to  the  ground.  Tears  fall  from 
his  eyes  and  pour  in  a  stream  down  the  trunk  of  the  tree,  forming  a  pool 
at  its  feet. 

A  satire  on  the  famous  scene  in  the  House  of  Commons  on  6  May 
between  Fox  and  Burke  when  Fox  wept  copiously,  see  No.  7854,  &c. 
iif  X9I  in. 

7861  THE  IMPEACHMENT,— OR— "THE  FATHER  OF  THE 
GANG,  TURND  KINGS  EVIDENCE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May       1791-  by  S.  W.  Fores,  N""  3  Piccadilly — 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Sheridan  and  Fox  are  prisoners  behind 
a  bar  on  which  they  lean.  Burke  towers  above  them,  with  a  stern  frown, 
seizing  each  by  the  hair.  He  says:  *' Behold  the  abettors  of  Revolutions,  see 
*'the  authors  of  Plots  &  conspiracies ,  &  take  cognizance  of  the  enemies  of  both 
^'Church  &  State; — **/  know  them  all,  &  have  a  while  upheld,  the  unyok'd 
^'humour  of  their  Wickedness, ^^ — /  have  bore  [sic]  with  them  Hill  the  measure 
*^ of  their  iniquity  is  full;  but  now,  I  zvill  bare  them  before  y^  Justice  of  injured 
^^ humanity, — /  will  prove  unequivocally,  that  there  exists  at  the  present 
^'moment,  a  junto  of  Miscreant  Jacobites  [sic],  who  are  aiming  at  the  Over- 
''throw  of  the  British  Constitution'' — Vide  Burkes  Speech  on  the  Quebec 
Bill — .  Sheridan  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his  hands  clasped,  says  with  a 
terrified  expression.  Ha!  what's  that?  miscreant  Jacobites! — plots  Con- 
spiracies! Revolution! — O!  Damnation!  we're  all  found  out! — ah  Joseph! 
Joseph!  I  fear  you've  brought  up  your  Neck  for  a  fine  Collar!  Fox  (r.),  his 
head  bowed  under  Burke's  hand,  his  handkerchief  to  his  eyes,  says,  O  the 
devil!  Fm  quite  overcome,  &  stupified  with  Grief!  to  think  that  the  Man  who 
has  been  my  dearest  Friend,  and  my  Chum  in  all  infamy,  for  Twenty  five 
years,  should  now  turn  Snitch  at  last!  good-lack-a-day! 

A  satire  on  the  debate  of  6  May,  see  No.  7854,  &c.  The  Annual  Register, 
1791,  p.  119,  in  a  passage  supervised  if  not  written  by  Burke,  complained 
that  the  Ministerial  papers  'held  up  M""  Burke ...  in  the  character  of  a  king's 
evidence,  who  had  impeached  his  accomplices.  The  pencil  too  was  called 
in  to  the  aid  of  the  pen,  and  paragraphs  were  embodied  in  caricatures'. 
For  Sheridan  as  Joseph  Surface  cf.  No.  7510,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  127  (small  copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  52. 
iifXisJin. 

7862  GUY  VAUX  DISCOVERED  IN  HIS  ATTEMPT  TO  DESTROY 
THE  KING  &  THE  HOUSE  OF  LORDS— HIS  COMPANIONS 
ATTEMPTING  TO  ESCAPE— 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  14^  lygi.  by  H  Humphrey  N^  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  as  Guy  Vaux  kneels  on  one  knee 
beside  a  pile  of  three  barrels  which  he  is  about  to  fire  with  a  lighted  paper 

791 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

inscribed  Rights  of  Man,  holding  up  a  dark  lantern  in  his  1.  hand.  Burke, 
dressed  as  a  watchman,  rushes  towards  him  and  seizes  Fox's  1.  wrist,  turn- 
ing the  rays  of  the  lantern  on  his  face,  while  he  springs  the  rattle  in  his 
outstretched  r.  hand.  His  long  staff  rests  on  his  shoulder  and  he  wears  a 
long  coat  with  a  triple  collar,  badged  on  the  1.  sleeve  with  a  crown.  He 
says,  Hold  Miscreant — I  arrest  thee  in  the  name  of  the  British  Constitution, 
which  thou  art  undermining — /  arrest  thee  in  the  name  of  human  nature,  which 
thou  hast  most  cruelly  outraged; — I  arrest  thee  in  the  name  of  that  Monarch 
whom  thou  dost  zoish  to  deprive  of  dignity,  &  of  that  people  whom  thou  hast 
most  basely  deluded! — Nay,  no  fawning: — thy  Tears  &  thy  hypocrisy  make 
no  impression  on  the  mind  of  truth  &  Loyalty: — therefore.  Enemy  of  all  good! 
yeild  to  that  punishm^  which  has  long  waited  those  *' crimes  which  are  left  as 
yet  unwhipt  of  Justice*'.  Fox,  who  wears  a  slouch  hat  and  a  long  cloak 
buttoned  over  his  mouth,  says,  O  Lord!  O  Lord!  that  ever  my  aim  should 
be  discovered  when  I  had  taken  such  pains  to  disguise  myself— for  Heavens  sake. 
Watchman,  what  have  I  done  that  I  should  be  apprehended? — what  have  I 
done  only  answer  me  that! — dare  you  accuse  me  only  for  what  you  think 
I  intended  to  do  ? — have  I  ever  assassinated  the  King,  or  blown  up  the  Lords  ? — 
as  to  this  Gunpowder  here,  I  only  intended  to  set  fire  to  it  merely  to  clear  the 
Nation  of  Buggs:^or  goodness  sake  do  let  me  go: — or  if  I  must  suffer  do  let 
it  be  without  holding  up  my  own  dark  Lanthorn  in  my  Face,  for  my  Eyes  are 
so  weak  with  crying  to  think  I  should  be  charged  with  such  Villainy,  that  I  can- 
not bear  the  Light.  Large  tears  fall  from  his  eyes.  The  barrels  are  inscribed 
Gunpowder,  one  for  the  King,  another /or  the  House  of  Lords. 

Behind,  Sheridan  escapes  up  a  flight  of  steps,  he  follows  another  con- 
spirator whose  leg  is  visible  on  the  extreme  r.  He  says,  /  must  be  off  while 
I  can;  as  to  my  Friend  there,  why,  if  he  does  go  to  pot  there's  the  more  room 
for  me! — I  wish  I  could  squeeze  out  a  Tear  or  two  as  well  as  he,  it  might  impose 
on  the  Mob,  if  they  should  stop  me: — but  Fve  come  that  humbug  so  often  before, 
that  my  Eyes — Da — n  my  Eyes!  there's  not  one  drop  left  in  them.  After  the 
title  is  etched :  NB — his  Associates  were  all  taken  afterwards  &  executed — 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  quarrel  between  Fox  and  Burke,  see  No. 
7854,  &c.  The  Coalition  were  denounced  in  addresses  to  the  King,  Feb.- 
May  1784,  for  having  denied  the  constitutional  rights  of  the  House  of  Lords 
and  the  Crown,  and  for  having  attempted  to  strip  the  Crown  of  its  preroga- 
tives. See  London  Gazette  and  cf.  No.  6405,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Guy  Vaux  cf. 
No.  6389,  &c. ;  as  a  friend  of  French  revolutionaries,  see  No.  8142,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  127-8.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  53. 

I3iixi9|in. 

7863  THE  VOLCANO  OF  OPPOSITION. 

[?H.W.]i 

London  Pu¥  May  16  lygi  by  W  Holland  N''  50  Oxford  Street 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  in 
Europe  of  Caricatures  Admitf^^  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  burlesque  representation  of  the  famous 
quarrel  in  the  House  of  Commons  between  Burke  and  Fox  on  6  May. 
Burke  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  gesticulating,  his  clenched  fist  extended 

'  Attributed  to  Rowlandson. 
792 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

towards  Fox  (1.)  who  stands  weeping,  consoled  by  Sheridan.  From  Burke's 
mouth,  as  from  a  volcano,  issues  a  cascade  of  flame,  which  rises  to  fall  on 
Fox;  in  it  are  the  words:  Black  as  ten  furies!  Jacobite  Miscreants  y  The  very 
dregs  of  infamy ^  Terrible  as  Hell!  Infernal  Spawn,  Damnation ,  Jacobite 
renegades y  Fiends  of  Hell,  Pimps  Panders  Parasites  Devils.  Sheridan  stands 
on  the  extreme  1.,  his  hand  on  Fox,  saying.  Be  comforted,  my  dear  Charles, 
let  not  the  effusions  of  a  Demoniac  afflict  you  so  severely!  Live  to  be  a  comfort 
to  your  poor  Sherry.  Fox,  with  his  handkerchief  to  his  r.  eye,  answers,  Talk 
not  to  me  of  comfort  the  derision  of  the  world  thrown  on  my  poor  old  master 
will  break  my  heart.  Heavy  clouds  of  smoke  fill  the  House.  Behind,  the 
Speaker,  Addington,  behind  the  table  with  books  and  mace,  flees  terror- 
stricken  from  his  chair  to  the  r.  A  crowd  of  members  on  the  r.  flee  from 
the  House,  looking  back  in  horror  at  Burke;  one  calls  Monro!  Monro! 
(appealing  for  Dr.  Monro,  the  expert  on  lunacy).  Terrified  spectators  in 
the  gallery  (r.)  are  freely  sketched. 

For  this  famous  scene  see  No.  7854,  &c.  The  stream  of  abuse  which 
issues  from  Burke's  mouth  appears  to  derive  from  Burke's  quotation  from 
Paradise  Lost  on  1 1  May,  applying  the  words  to  the  French  Constitution : 

A  shape. 

If  shape  it  might  be  called,  that  shape  had  none 

Black  it  stood  as  night, 
Fierce  as  ten  furies,  terrible  as  hell, 


A  cry  of  hell-hounds  never  ceasing  bark 

With  wide  Cerberian  mouths  full  loud,  and  ring 

A  hideous  peal. 

Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  418-19.  For  Burke's  alleged  insanity  cf.  No.  7529. 
Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  293. 

7864  THE  GHOSTS  OF  MIRABEAU  AND  D^  PRICE  APPEARING 
TO  OLD  LOYOLA. 

[?  H.W.I] 

London  Pu¥  May  ly.  lygi  by  W,  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  Street.  In 
Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe  Admif^"  one  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Burke  kneels  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  holding  up  a  crucifix  and  rosary  as  a  defence  against  the  ghosts 
of  Mirabeau  (d.  4  Apr.  1791)  and  Price  (d.  19  Apr.  1791),  who  emerge 
from  clouds  on  the  1.,  draped  in  sheets.  Each  holds  out  menacingly  an  open 
copy  of  Burke's  book:  Reflections  on  the  French  Revolution,  and  Reflections 
on  the  French  Revolution  by  E  Burke.  Mirabeau  says : 

Do  not  repent  these  crimes. 

For  they  are  heavier  than  all  thy  woes  can  stir; 

A  thousand  knees  ten  thousand  years  together. 

Naked,  fasting,  upon  a  barren  mountain 

And  still  Winter,  would  not  move  the  Gods 

To  look  that  way  thou  wert. 

^  Attributed  to  Rowlandson. 
793 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Price  says : 

*^ Neither  man  nor  angel  can  discern 
Hypocrisy y  the  only  evil  that  walks 
Invisibky  except  to  God  alone^ 
By  his  permissive  willy  through  heaven  and  earth; — " 
Enjoy  your  dear  witj  and  gay  rhetoric. 
That  have  so  well  been  taught  her  dazling  fence y 
Thou  art  not  fit  to  hear  thyself  convinced;  Yet  should 
I  tryy  the  uncontrouled  worth  of  this  pure  cause  would 
Kindle  my  rapt  spirits  to  such  a  flame  of 
Sacred  vehemenccy  that  dumb  things  would  be  mov'd 
To  sympathize,  till  all  thy  magic  structures  reared 
So  highy  Were  shattered  into  heaps  o'er  thy  false  head. 

An  old  woman  on  the  extreme  r.,  holding  a  chamber-pot  under  her 
petticoats,  sprinkles  Burke's  head  with  the  contents,  using  a  bunch  of 
feathers  like  a  holy- water  aspergillum.  She  says,  This  Holy  Water,  my  dear 
mastery  shall  wash  you  pure  from  every  stain  in  the  worldy  ay;  and  in  the 
world  to  come  by  my  own  soul.  Burke  says :  Thus  fortified  I  don^t  fear  the 
Devil  nor  any  of  his  Imps!  Noy  nor  the  whole  Host  of  Opposition. 

One  of  many  satires  on  Burke  for  his  book,  see  No.  7675,  &c.,  and  for 
his  quarrel  with  Fox,  see  No.  7854,  &c.,  which  involved  a  breach  with  his 
party.  For  the  old  accusation  that  he  was  a  concealed  Roman  Catholic, 
cf.  No.  6026,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  293  ( ?). 
9|xi6Jin.  (pL). 

7865  POLITICAL  PLAYTHINGS  FOR  PROSTITUTE  PATRIOTS. 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  May  22.  lygi  by  W.  Holland  N"*  50.  Oxford  Street, 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Burke,  in  court  dress, 
and  wearing  a  ribbon  and  star,  sits,  erect  and  complacent,  in  an  ornate  arm- 
chair, his  1.  foot  on  a  footstool.  His  head  is  turned  in  profile  to  the  r.  towards 
Pitt,  who  advances  towards  him,  and  is  about  to  place  an  earl's  coronet 
on  his  head,  saying.  This  for  thy  long  and  secret  services.  Burke  answers 
Thanks y  my  noble  Master — all  the  Wierd  Sister  of  Beaconsfield  prophesied  is 
now  fulfilVd  (an  allusion  to  Burke's  quotation  of  the  song  of  the  witches 
in  Macbeth'.  'Black  spirits  and  white  .  .  .',  see  Nos.  7854,  7855,  7856.) 

One  of  many  satires  on  Burke's  quarrel  with  Fox,  see  No.  7854,  &c., 
and  like  No.  7866,  &c.,  an  attempt  to  discredit  Burke. 
iOj|Xio|  in. 

7866  LAUNCE  AND  HIS  DOG  CRAB. 
[?H.  W.] 

London  Pu¥  May  22.  lygi.  by  W  Holland  AT"  50  Oxford  Street 

In  Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  larges  collection  of  Carica- 
tures in  Europe  Admit^  one  shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (1.),  in  Elizabethan  dress,  stands 
weeping,  supporting  his  head  against  a  long  staff  held  in  his  1.  hand ;  in  his 

794 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

r.  hand  is  a  feathered  hat.  From  his  head  issues  a  line  surrounding  a  long 
quotation  etched  in  the  upper  r.  portion  of  the  design.  A  dog  (r.)  with  the 
head  and  spectacles  of  Burke  looks  up  at  him,  saying : 

Pm  now  M^  Pitt's  in  Downing  Street 

And  Pll  bark  at  all  the  Whigs  I  meet. 

Fox  repeats  the  long  speech  of  Launce,  the  servant  of  Proteus,  in  The  Two 
Gentlemen  of  Verona,  ii.  3,  beginning: 

Nay,  twill  be  this  hour  ere  I  have  done  weeping  .  .  .  /  think  Crab  my  dog 
be  the  sowrest-natur'd  dog  that  lives  .  .  .  and  ending  but  see,  how  I  lay  the 
dust  with  my  tears. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  quarrel  between  Fox  and  Burke,  when  Fox 
wept  in  the  House  of  Commons,  see  No.  7854,  &c.,  and,  like  No.  7865,  an 
attempt  to  discredit  Burke.  For  his  supposed  apostasy  see  also  Nos.  7689, 
7833,  7868,  7871,  7872,  7913,  8076,  81 15. 
lo/gXiiiiin. 

7867  **THE  RIGHTS  OF  MAN ;— OR— TOMMY  PAINE,  THE 
LITTLE  AMERICAN  TAYLOR,  TAKING  THE  MEASURE  OF 
THE  CROWN,  FOR  ANEWPAIR  OF  REVOLUTION-BREECHES. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  2^^^  \sic\  lygiy  by  H.  Humphrey  N"*  18,  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Tom  Paine,  lean,  and 
grotesquely  caricatured,  crouches,  kneeling  on  one  knee,  to  apply  his 
tape-measure  to  a  gigantic  crown  standing  on  the  ground,  the  greater 
part  of  which  is  cut  off  by  the  r.  margin  of  the  design.  He  is  dressed 
as  a  ragged  tailor,  a  large  pair  of  shears  attached  to  his  waist,  but  wears  a 
cocked  hat  of  French  fashion  with  a  cockade  inscribed  Vive  la  Liberty, 
his  hair  is  in  a  long  scraggy  queue.  He  says,  gaping  with  dismay  at  the 
crown,  ^^Fathom  and  a  half!  Fathom  &  a  half!  Poor  Tom!''  ah!  mercy 
upon  me!  thats  more  by  half  than  my  poor  Measure  will  ever  be  able  to 
reach! — Lord!  Lord!  I  wish  I  had  a  bit  of  the  Stay-tape  or  Buckram  which 
lyoust  to  Cabbage  [pilfer,  cf.  No.  8035,  &c.]  when  I  was  prentice,  to  lengthen 
it  out; — well,  well,  who  could  ever  have  thought  it,  that  I,  who  have  served 
Seven  Years  as  an  Apprentice,  &  afterwards  worked  Four  Years  as  a  Journey- 
man to  *(fl  Master  Taylor,  then  followd  the  business  of  an  Exciseman  as  much 
longer,  should  not  be  able  to  take  the  dimensions  of  this  Bauble?"  for  what  is 
a  Crown  but  a  Bauble?  which  we  may  see  in  the  Tower  for  Six-pence  a  piece? 
— well,  altho'  it  may  be  too  large  for  a  Taylor  to  take  Measure  of,  there's  one 
Comfort,  he  may  make  mouths  at  it,  &  call  it  as  many  names  as  he  pleases! — 
and  yet,  Lord,  Lord,  I  should  like  to  make  it  a  Yankee  doodle  Night-Cap  & 
Breeches,  if  it  was  not  so  dam'nd  large,  or  I  had  stuff  enough  Ah  if  I  could 
once  do  that,  I  would  soon  stitch  up  the  mouth  of  that  Barnacled  Edmund  from 
making  of  any  more  Reflections  upon  the  Flints — <Sf  so  Flints  &  Liberty  for 
ever  &  damn  the  Dungs.  Four  additional  words  have  been  left  almost 
illegible  but  appear  to  be  Down  with  Hanover  Horse.  Above  the  design  is 
etched :  Humbly  dedicated  to  the  Jacobine  Clubs  of  France  and  England!!! 
by  Common  Sense 

^^  These  are  your  Gods,  O,  Israel!" 

A  satire  on  the  first  part  of  Paine 's  Rights  of  Man,  an  answer  to  Burke's 

*  The  3  appears  to  have  been  etched  over  a  4. 
795 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Reflections y  published  on  13  Mar.  1791  and  dedicated  to  Washington.  He 
went  to  Paris  immediately  after  publication.  His  Common  Sense^  published 
on  10  Jan.  1776,  was  a  leading  cause  of  the  American  Declaration  of  Inde- 
pendence. Paine  was  successively  stay-maker,  exciseman,  and  pamphleteer. 
The  London  tailors  were  divided  into  Flints,  who  formed  clubs  and 
entered  into  strikes  to  obtain  increased  wages,  and  Dungs  who  accepted 
the  statutory  rates.  See  The  Tailors  (Haymarket,  1767),  and  F.  W.  Galton, 
The  Tailoring  Trade,  1896,  p.  151.  For  Paine 's  book  (the  second  and 
more  revolutionary  part  was  published  in  Feb.  1792),  see  Nos.  7858, 
7859,  7868,  7890,  7896,  7900,  8087,  8131,  8133,  8137,  8138,  8141,  8146, 
8148,  8152. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  128  (small  copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  54.   Re- 
printed G.W.G.,  1830. 
i3jX9Jin.  (pL). 

Collection  de  Vinck,  No.  4392, 
A  SKETCH  FROM  HIGHLIFE 

R.N.    [Newton] 

London  Pu¥  by  W  Holland  N""  50  Oxford  [Street]  May  the  27  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    George  HI  and  Queen  Charlotte  in 
profile  to  the  1.  pose  before  a  painter,  Pitt,  who  stands  beside  them. 
911x145  in. 

7868     DISAPPOINTMENT,     OR,     THE     KING'S     EVIDENCE 
TREATED  WITH  THE  CAUTION  HE  DESERVES; 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  May  28^^  lygi 

Engraving.  Burke,  bald-headed,  kneels  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  hands  joined 
in  supplication,  saying  to  George  III  who  leans  out  of  a  window  above  a 
closed  door.  Pray  admit  me  Pll  do  any  thing  for  a  Crown.  The  King  answers, 
I  pity  you — but  hence  and  depart  in  peace  \  he  points  to  a  gallows  on  a  distant 
hill  (1.)  inscribed  Arise  and  be  exalted.  The  King's  closed  door  is  inscribed 
Open  to  the  Honest  and  Honorable.  Burke  kneels  on  his  book :  Reflections 
on  the  Fr^  Revolution  \  Book  to  swear  by  [see  No.  7675,  &c.].  He  has  made 
a  Peace  Offering  to  the  King  by  a  fire  in  which  are  burning  his  wig  (his 
Whig  principles)  and  papers  inscribed  Impeachment  Oriental  [of  Hastings], 
Inflammatory  Speeches,  Hurled  from  the  Throne  by  Providence  [an  allusion 
by  Burke  to  the  King's  insanity  during  a  speech  on  the  Regency,  see 
No.  7627,  &c.].  The  Influence  of  the  Crown  ought  to  be  diminished  [cf.  No. 
5659].  The  flames  are  inscribed  i?/§'/j/5o/Mflw  [see  No.  7867,  &c.].  From 
Burke's  pocket  protrude  a  cross  (cf.  No.  6026)  inscribed  Treasury  and  a 
book :  Private  Views.  Behind  him  (1.)  is  a  second  gallows,  an  axe  and  block, 
and  a  wheel  (here  associated  with  Topery',  cf.  No.  5702).  These  are 
inscribed  Sacred  to  Friendship.  After  the  title  is  etched :  And  it  may  be 
asked  what  Credit  ought  to  be  given  to  his  East  India  oratorical  Representa- 
tions, when  mere  apprehension  provokes  him,  in  a  manner  equally  solemn,  to 
Accuse  his  dearest  Friends  of  a  Design  against  the  Constitution  of  this  Country. 
One  of  many  satires  on  the  quarrel  of  Burke  and  Fox,  see  No.  7854,  &c. 
Burke  was  accused  in  the  Opposition  newspapers  of  joining  Pitt  in  a  plot 

796 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

for  the  exclusion  of  Fox  from  power,  and  the  Government  Press  as  a  king's 
evidence  who  had  impeached  his  accompHces.   Ann.  Reg.^  I79i»  p-  119; 
see  No.  7861.   For  the  attack  on  Burke  cf.  No.  7866,  &c. 
iifX9|in. 

7869  DUCKING  A  PICKPOCKET  [?May  1791]' 
WOK  [O'Keefe.] 

London  Pub  by  P  Roberts  28  Middle  Row  Holborn 

Engraving.  Fox  (with  Sheridan  and  John  Bull)  (r.)  kneels  by  a  pond  hold- 
ing Pitt  by  the  hair  in  the  water,  saying,  77/  make  you  Remember  Picking 
the  peoples  Pockets^  DamnyoUy  why  dontyou  Say  your  Prayers — .  Pitt,  very 
thin  and  grotesquely  caricatured,  lies  on  his  back  in  the  pond,  kicking  and 
screaming;  he  cries: /or  heavens  Sake  have  pity  on  a  poor  Unfortunate  Man. 
Sheridan  stands  behind  Fox  urinating  upon  Pitt's  face;  he  says.  Poor 
fellow  .  .  .  [&c.  &c.].  On  the  extreme  1.  stands  John  Bull,  full  face;  he 
touches  Fox  on  the  shoulder  with  his  r.  hand,  saying.  Finish  him  Charley, 
or  he  Ml  finish  us  before  he  has  done  with  us,  Poor  Johnny  is  Almost  Striped 
Naked,  by  him  and  his  Crew  Already.  His  clothes  and  the  brim  of  his  hat 
are  pitted  with  holes.  In  the  background  (r.)  men  and  women,  citizens  and 
artisans,  wave  their  hats  and  caper  ecstatically  at  Pitt's  plight.  A  man  wear- 
ing an  apron  says :  Huzza  Huzza  Drown  him  at  once  &  then  we  shall  get 
Rid  of  a  Curse. 

The  fear  of  taxation  had  much  to  do  with  the  opposition  to  the  Russian 
Armament,  see  No.  7841,  &c.  But  the  country  was  prosperous:  Storer 
writes  to  Auckland,  6  May  1791 :  'Our  taxes  .  .  .  have  proved  this  year 
beyond  example  productive.'  Auckland  Corr.  ii.  389.  For  the  burden  of 
taxes  cf.  No.  6914,  &c. 
8^fxi2jin. 

7870  THE  SCHOLAR  LAMENTING  THE  DEPARTURE  OF  HIS 
MASTER.  [i  June  1791] 

Engraving.  From  the  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  106.  The  interior  of  the  House 
of  Commons.  Fox,  short  and  obese,  and  Burke,  tall  and  thin,  stand  together 
on  the  floor  of  the  House,  Fox  (1.)  weeping  with  his  handkerchief  to  his 
cheek,  Burke  (r.)  speaking  with  outstretched  r.  arm.  Sheridan  sits  on  the  1. 
on  a  chair,  clapping  his  hands.  The  Speaker  and  the  clerks  watch  the  scene. 
The  other  members  are  behind  low  barriers ;  those  on  the  r.  are  weeping, 
those  on  the  1.  appear  amused. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  famous  scene  between  Fox  and  Burke  on 
6  May  which  ended  their  friendship,  see  No.  7854,  &c. 
3fX5f  in. 

7871  A  HASTY  SKETCH  OF  THE  DEBATES. 
[Dent.] 

Pub^  by  W  Dent  June  r^  lygi 

Engraving.  A  burlesque  view  of  the  interiors  of  the  Houses  of  Parliament, 
the  two  Houses  divided  by  a  narrow  partition  bisecting  the  design  into 

'^  So  dated  by  Mr.  Stephens,  but  the  theme  and  the  costume  are  more  character- 
istic of  1795  or  later,  a  date  supported  by  the  imprint. 

797 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

two  unequal  parts.  In  the  smaller  (1.)  peers  in  shirt-sleeves  or  stripped  to 
the  waist  threaten  with  clenched  fists  three  sleeping  Ministerial  leaders : 
Thurlow,  a  man  resembling  Lord  Camden,  and  a  small  man  wearing 
spectacles,  probably  Grenville ;  between  the  two  last  is  the  word  Expediency. 
Among  the  assailants  only  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  is  recognizable.  An  elderly 
man  is  about  to  strike  Thurlow  with  his  large  tie-wig.  Behind  is  the  House 
of  Lords'  tapestry:  a  naval  battle  inscribed  Destruction  of  the  Spanish 
Armada.  Above  are  the  words:  O  the  Brave  Days  of  good  Queen  Bess. 

In  the  debate  of  i  April  on  the  Treaty  with  Prussia,  Fitzwilliam  had 
decried  the  convention  with  Spain,  see  No.  7687,  &c.,  and  questioned 
British  obligations  to  Prussia.  Grenville  urged  that  it  was  neither  wise  nor 
expedient  to  discuss  matters  under  negotiation.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  79  if. 
Cf.  Nos.  7847,  7852. 

On  the  r.  the  Commons  are  in  wild  confusion.  In  the  foreground  (1.) 
Pitt  and  Fox,  stripped  to  the  waist,  are  wrestling.  Fox  clasping  Pitt  round 
the  body,  Pitt's  thin  leg  round  the  massive  leg  of  Fox  whose  face  he 
scratches,  saying,  Oh  that  I  could  give  this  Upstart  a  Fall.  Dundas  and 
( ?)  Steele  and  Rose  stand  together  facing  Powys  and  ( ?)  Grey.  Brook 
Watson  lies  on  the  ground,  his  wooden  leg  broken,  saying.  Done  in  one  short 
Word.  Arden  scratches  the  face  of  his  opponent.  In  the  foreground  (r.) 
Sheridan  grasps  Lord  Belgrave  (indicated  by  a  bell  hanging  from  his  waist 
inscribed  Grave,  its  clapper  inscribed  Grecian) ;  he  says.  Bell  out  Number 
one  hut  I  think  I  can  manage  an  odd  Figure  or  two.  On  the  extreme  r.,  very 
pugnacious,  but  with  no  antagonist,  stands  Burke,  saying:  /  am  of  no  Party 
therefore  ready  to  Fight  any  Party  for  any  Sum  not  nice  about  the  Terms. 
A  pair  of  combatants  behind  him  has  not  been  identified.  On  the  extreme 
1.  is  the  Speaker's  chair;  Addington  stands  with  the  mace  raised  in  both 
hands,  saying.  Order,  Order,  Order.  Behind  are  two  non-combatants  on 
the  back  benches :  Burgoyne  sits  (1.),  saying,  /  say  let  in  some  Air,  I  am  as 
cool  as  I  was  at  Saratoga — and  the  seats  of  this  side  the  House  can  never  he 
made  easy.  The  other  stands,  saying.  Officer  obey  the  temperature  Com- 
mittee — kt  some  Cool  Air — the  House  is  too  Hot.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

[1.]  Upper  (House)^ 

Here  Patriots  use  forlorn  Debate, 
Since  Crown  at  will  can  Lords  create. 
And  Statesmen  mute  as  Mackerel  sit. 
When  to  inform  they  think  not  fit 

[r.]  Lower  (House)^ 

Here  Outs  with  Opposition  burn 
To  serve  their  own,  or  Country^ s  turn. 
And  Ins  of  Taxes  make  the  most 
And  thence  of  liquidation  boast 
But  War's  alarms  our  Debt  encrease 
By  scoring  more  thanks  paid  in  Peace 
And  all  to  fight  Infidel, 
Which  Parties  set  at  home  pell  mell 
To  see  each  side  with  zeal  contend  y 
For  public  good,  not  private  end. 
You'd  swear,  as  naught  appears  of  Jest ^ 
In  Senate  Britain  truly  blest. 

^  A  small  house  is  depicted. 

798 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

A  satire  on  the  debates  on  the  Russian  Armament,  see  No.  7841,  &c., 
with  an  allusion  to  the  Sinking  Fund,  see  No.  7551  and  cf.  Nos.  6915,  7842. 
For  Burke's  estrangement  from  his  party  see  No.  7853,  &c.  In  a  debate 
on  the  Regency  Belgrave  had  quoted  Demosthenes,  incurring  the  ridicule 
of  Sheridan.   Pari  Hist,  xxvii.  962. 

7fXi3iin. 

7872  PUBLIC  CREDIT,  OR,  THE  STATE  IDOL. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Aitken  N''  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  June  3^  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  gigantic  figure  of  a  man  in  back 
view  with  bared  posteriors  stands  astride  facing  a  gateway ;  between  his 
legs  the  interior  of  a  vaulted  building  recedes  in  perspective.  His  arms 
are  raised  as  if  supporting  the  building,  the  hands  being  cut  off  by  the 
upper  margin.  The  inscription  on  the  bag  of  his  wig :  For  particulars 
enquire  under  the  Rose  shows  that  he  is  George  Rose,  Secretary  to  the 
Treasury.  Within  the  building  seen  through  his  legs  are  two  men,  minute 
figures  in  obsequious  attitudes,  probably  pensioners :  one  with  a  wooden 
leg  is  Brook  Watson ;  the  roof  is  inscribed  Treasury  Army  Navy  &c.  Rose's 
posteriors  emit  a  blast  inscribed  Surplus  which  strikes  Sheridan,  throwing 
him  to  the  ground.  He  lies  on  his  back  in  the  foreground  with  outstretched 
arms,  saying.  This  is  surely  a  proof  of  a  Foul  Statement.  Beside  him  is  a 
paper  inscribed  J5  Resolutions.  Fox  stands  (r.)  looking  down  on  Sheridan, 
saying.  This  proves  the  Surplus  not  a  fair  one. 

On  the  1.  is  a  flight  of  steps  against  the  I.  leg  of  Rose,  inscribed  Sure 
Steps  to  Preferment.  The  steps  are :  Flattery y  Humility y  Pliability,  Servility, 
and  Apostacy ;  Burke  has  reached  the  top  step  (Apostasy)  and,  hat  in  hand, 
obseqiously  approaches  Rose's  back.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
And  the  *  *  *  *  [King]  made  unto  himself  a  great  Idol,  the  likeness  of  which 
was  not  in  Heavan  above,  nor  in  the  Earth  beneath,  and  he  reared  up  his  Head 
unto  the  Clouds,  and  extended  his  Arms  over  all  the  land,  his  Legs  also  were 
as  the  Posts  of  a  gate,  or  as  an  Arch  stretched  forth  over  the  Doors  of  the 
public  Offices;  And  whoever  passed  in  beneath  with  idolatrous  Reverence  First 
lifted  up  their  Eyes,  and  kissed  the  cheeks  of  the  Postern. 

The  print  was  probably  published  to  coincide  with  Sheridan's  expected 
attack  on  Pitt's  finance:  on  3  June  1791  he  moved,  not  thirty-five,  but 
forty  resolutions  on  the  public  income  and  expenditure,  attempting  to 
show  that  the  reports  of  the  Finance  Committees  in  1786  and  1791,  showing 
a  surplus,  were  fallacious,  and  making  complaints  against  Pitt's  financial 
measures.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  703  ff.,  cf.  No.  7842.  For  Burke's  supposed 
apostasy  cf.  No.  7866,  &c. 
iilsX9i6in. 

7873  C— RL— T— N  HOUSE  IN  WANT  OF  NECESSARY  FURNI- 
TURE. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  June  6  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  plainly  furnished  room ; 
in  a  recess  in  the  r.  wall  sits  the  Prince  of  Wales  as  if  in  a  latrine ;  a  large 
purse  at  his  feet  is  inscribed  Disorder  and  Consumption.  Near  him  Fox  sits 

799 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

in  an  armchair,  dressed  as  an  old  nurse ;  he  holds  his  apron  to  his  streaming 
eyes  and  turns  to  the  Prince,  saying,  O  Bless  the  sweet  Lambkin!  that  will 
one  day  or  other  Crown  my  fond  Hopes! — Lackaday!  is  it  suited  to  his  Birth 
to  do  his  needs  in  a  corner  like  common  folks — ay,  bless  bless  the  good  natured 
Creature!  I  have  Nursed  him  many  a  Year  and  it  distresses  me  to  find  him 
without  a  penny  to  buy  a  pipkin  to  make  him  a  little  Gruel  in — and,  Alas! 
there^s  been  no  waste,  no,  no,  none  at  all,  that  we  can  safely  swear,  and  yet 
to  see  how  some  folks  roll  in  Riches — Oh!  alas!  alas!  want  will  break  my  heart! 
Oh!  O!  O!.  Under  Fox's  chair  is  a  bottle  on  which  are  the  words  French 
Spirits  and  an  anchor  (signifying  Hope);  under  his  petticoats  is  an  open 
book :  Private  Advice  Spare  not.  On  the  ground  lie  torn  papers  inscribed 
Wholesome  Recipe,  Marriage  and  good  Company,  and  (scored  through)  Pro- 
posal of  Marriage.  On  the  extreme  1.  the  side  of  a  bed  is  visible,  beside  it 
(as  doctors)  stand  Pitt  and  Sheridan ;  the  latter  watches  Pitt  out  of  the 
corners  of  his  eyes,  saying,  He 's  very  Sick.  I  'ave  wrote  for  him  to  no  purpose 
— my  prescriptions  have  had  a  Contrary  Effect — nothing  but  Royal  Mint 
Drops  or  your  Golden  Pills  can  restore  him — the  20000  he  carefully  took 
were  of  Service — but  not  equal  to  so  great  a  Body.  In  his  hand  is  a  paper 
inscribed  Ways  &  Means  for  a  present  Supply.  Pitt  stands  stiffly  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  saying.  The  Stuff  of  the  Public  Dispensary  must  not  be  wasted — let 
him  discharge  the  Cause  and  his  complaints  will  cease — /  must  attend  to  State 
Disorders — and  I  have  a  number  of  Private  Patients  that  I  must  take  care  of 
— therefore  I  decline  giving  Assistafice — besides  I  think  I  smell  Some-thing. 
Under  a  window  is  a  table  on  which  are  two  bottles  labelled  No  Foreign 
Loan!!!  a  Strong  Dose  ofjallap  &  Tartar  and  No  Domestic  Aid!!!  a  violent 
Dose  of  Salts.  A  paper  beside  him  is  inscribed  Gentle  Alternative — Sale  of 
Horses. 

The  Prince  looks  expectant ;  in  his  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed  Principal 
[of\  (Economy,  and  beside  him  hang  papers  destined  for  ignominious  usage 
inscribed  Principles  of  Oeconomy  and  Finis.  Above  his  head  is  Ich  Dien, 
and  an  oval  bust  portrait  (looking  down  at  him)  inscribed  M^^  Fitz,  sur- 
mounted with  three  large  ostrich  feathers.  Near  it  is  a  small  H.L.  portrait 
of  a  lady  inscribed  Little  Hodges. 

A  satire  on  the  debts  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.  It  is  implied  that  marriage 
would  solve  his  difficulties,  but  that  he  is  under  the  influence  of  Mrs. 
Fitzherbert,  and  is  misled  by  Fox.  In  1787  ;£  16 1,000  was  voted  to  pay  his 
debts,  and  ,£20,000  for  the  completion  of  Carlton  House,  see  No.  7168,  &c. 
During  the  King's  illness,  he  and  the  Duke  of  York,  with  the  help  of 
Weltje,  had  raised  money  abroad  on  their  joint  post-obits,  to  be  paid 
when  either  should  ascend  the  throne.  A  formal  loan  was  also  raised 
through  a  banker,  which  was  taken  up  abroad.  D.N.B.  See  also  Nos.  7840, 
7850,  81 12.  Fox's  ^French  Spirits'  and  tears  suggest  the  praise  of  the 
French  Constitution  which  led  to  the  quarrel  with  Burke,  see  No.  7854,  &c. 
For  Fox  and  the  Prince  cf.  No.  6401,  &c. 
9|Xi3|in. 

7874-7879 

Six  plates  after  G.  M.  Woodward  headed  The  Lilliputian  World,  with 
the  imprint  London  Pu¥  June  30  lygi  by  W.  Holland,  N°  50  Oxford  S\ 
Nos.  7874,  7875,  7878,  having  the  additional  imprint:  In  Holland's  Exhibi- 
tion Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  in  Europe  of  Caricatures — 
Admit^  One  ShiU 

800 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7874  THE  MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE!  Plate  i 
Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  a  set  of  six  caricature  portraits 
with  large  heads  and  diminutive  child-like  bodies ;  all  are  poorly  character- 
ized and  recognizable  chiefly  by  the  inscriptions.  Fox  stands  in  profile  to 
the  r. ;  he  wears  a  quasi-Elizabethan  tunic  with  ruff  and  slashed  sleeves 
with  trousers  and  tied  shoes.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

By  shifting  about  Fve  at  last  got  so  wrong; 
*Pon  my  soul  I  forget  to  which  side  I  belong. 

A  reference  to  the  Coalition,  see  No.  6369,  &c.   Cf.  No.  8099. 
9^X71  in. 

7875  BOREAS  BLUBBER;  A  DISCARDED  LILLIPUTIAN  MIN- 
ISTER. Plate  2 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  North  stands  turning  his  head  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  holding  his  r.  hand  over  his  closed  eyes.  He  wears  a  steeple- 
crowned  hat,  a  large  double  rufl^,  gauntlet  gloves,  and  a  blue  ribbon  which 
conceals  much  of  his  person.  In  his  hat  is  a  scraggy  branch,  perhaps  an 
olive  branch  indicating  his  attitude  to  the  Russian  Armament,  see  No. 
7841,  &c.  He  wears  gauntlet  gloves  and  his  shoes  have  large  rosettes. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched  : 

Let  Lilliput  dissolve  in  tears. 

For  Fm  lugged  out  by  head  and  ears! 
9AX7f  in. 

7876  DON  HANGERANDO  A  LILLIPUTIAN  CHAMPION  Plate  3 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  Hanger  stands  full  face  with  a 
fierce  frown,  his  hands  on  his  hips ;  he  has  long  moustaches.  He  wears  his 
customary  large  Kevenhuller  hat,  huge  epaulettes,  gauntlet  gloves,  spatter- 
dashes, and  a  sabre.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 

Do^nt  raise  my  courage — if  you  do, 

By  Jove  Fll  cleave  your  scull  in  two! 
91x7/5  in. 

7877  THE  HONBLE  SPRUCE  BILLY  BEAU  PRIME  MINISTER  OF 
LILLIPUT  Plate  4- 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).    Pitt  (unrecognizable)  stands  full  face 
wearing  quasi-Elizabethan  dress,  with  a  feathered  hat.    His  I.  hand  is 
extended,  in  his  r.  is  a  stick.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
A  Tory  I  am — and  a  very  young  Man, 
Fix' d  firm  in  my  place  get  me  out  if  you  can, 
9AX7iin. 

7878  A  TIP-TOP  EDITOR,  DAM  ME!  Plate  5 

G.M.W.  del. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Topham  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wear- 
ing regimentals  combined  with  the  fashionable  dress  which  he  affected. 
At  the  back  of  his  head  is  a  bulky  looped  queue.  His  r.  hand  is  in  his  waist- 

801  3F 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

coat  pocket ;  his  1.  holds  the  head  of  a  fantastically  knotted  stick.  Beneath 

the  title  is  etched : 

Through  Lilliputian  realms  my  banners  are  unfurVd, 
All  know  my  consequence — I  regulate  the  World. 

Topham  is  better  characterized  than  others  of  the  series.  For  the  title  cf. 
A  Tip-Top  Adjutant,  No.  5596.  For  The  World  see  No.  7210,  &c. 

8|X7|in. 

7879  THURLEBO  THE  CHANCELLOR  OF  LILLIPUT. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Number  erased.  Thurlow  stands  full 
face  frowning,  r.  arm  extended,  a  rolled  document  in  his  1.  hand.  He  wears 
Chancellor's  gown  and  wig  with  a  mortar-board  cap.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched : 

Give  me  your  Cause y  youWe  sure  to  gain  the  day; 

ril  curse  and  swear — hut  d n  me  if  I  pray! 

For  Thurlow's  habitual  oaths  cf.  No.  7320,  &c. 
9iX7Ain. 

7880  FLOATING  BATTERIES,  OR,  AN  ATTEMPT  TO  ENTER 
THE  BALTIC. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  June  21^  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Catherine  of  Russia  (r.)  and  Admiral 
Lord  Hood  (1.)  face  each  other,  floating  in  the  sea,  she  on  her  balloon-like 
petticoats,  he  on  his  coat-tails.  The  Empress,  who  is  larger  than  Hood, 
stoops  over  him,  her  1.  fist  clenched,  and  bites  his  nose  (which  was  notor- 
iously large),  while  she  cuts  off  the  end  of  his  pigtail  with  a  pair  of  scissors. 
He  raises  an  arm,  saying.  Oh!  my  poor  Nose.  Behind  (1.)  a  stout  Dutch- 
man (Holland)  sits  on  a  floating  barrel  inscribed  Gin,  a  pipe  in  his  r.  hand, 
his  arms  extended,  saying.  Oh  dear!  she* II  lay  him  on  his  Back — and  if  I 
dare  to  steer  towards  her,  in  a  straight  Line,  she* II  sink  my  Spirits,  however 
raised  they  may  be — so — Fll  sheer  off.  In  the  background  (r.)  behind 
Catherine  is  a  promontory  on  which  is  a  castle  flying  a  flag  with  a  double- 
headed  eagle.  The  sea  beside  it  is  inscribed  Baltic. 

A  satire  on  the  Russian  Armament,  see  No.  7841,  &c.,  although  the 
prospect  of  war  was  virtually  over. 
7ftXioi|in. 

7881  THE  WINDSOR  ASTRONOMERS,  MAKING  OBSERVA- 
TIONS AND  CALCULATIONS  RESPECTING  THE  CONJUNC- 
TION OF  THE  ENGLISH  AND  RUSSIAN  COMETS!! 

London  Puh^  June  23.  lygi  by  Will^  Holland  Oxford  Street 
In  Holland* s  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe  Admit^^  One  Shil^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte  are 
seated  on  opposite  sides  of  a  round  table.  The  King,  in  profile  to  the  r., 
his  hands  on  his  knees,  raises  his  head  to  look  through  a  telescope  which 

802 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

Stands  on  the  table,  supported  on  a  tripod.  He  is  watching  two  comets, 
one  shooting  upwards  (1.  to  r.)  with  the  head  and  bag-wig  of  Pitt,  the  other, 
in  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design,  with  the  crowned  head  of  Catherine  II, 
looking  down  menacingly  at  Pitt ;  a  collision  is  imminent.  The  King  says. 
What!  What!  what  terrible  threatning  Aspects!! — But  they  are  a  monstrous 
way  asunder — they  can  never  come  together — My  dear^  my  dear  you  can  not 
conceive  how  red  and  fiery  their  tails  are!!!  The  Queen  sits,  pen  in  hand, 
1.  hand  on  a  large  sheet  of  paper.  She  smiles  complacently  at  the  King, 
saying.  If  you  will  give  me  leavCy  my  love^  Pll  calculate  it  to  an  inch — you 
know  I  am  used  to  conjunctions.  On  the  table  is  a  large  book. 

A  satire  on  Pitt's  Russian  policy,  see  No.  7841,  &c.   George  III  took  a 
great  interest  in  astronomy,  and  was  fond  of  looking  through  Herschel's 
telescopes.   D.N.B.,  s.v.  Sir  W.  Herschel;  Papendiek,  Journals^  ed.  Mrs. 
Broughton,  1887,  i.  275. 
iSfXisJin. 

7882  FRENCH  DEMOCRATS  SURPRIZING  THE  ROYAL  RUN- 
AWAYS. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  27**  J79  J  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Louis  XVI  and  Marie  Antoinette  seated 
on  chairs  at  Varennes  while  an  armed  and  ferocious  mob  invades  the  room 
through  an  open  door  (1.) ;  the  approach  of  an  angry  crowd  is  suggested  by 
a  sea  of  heads,  above  which  weapons  are  raised.  The  King  sits  full  face, 
the  Queen  beside  him  in  profile  to  the  1.  and  on  the  extreme  r.  One  ruffian 
presents  a  blunderbuss  at  the  Queen,  another,  yelling,  threatens  the  King 
with  a  pistol  and  sabre.  A  soldier  (1.)  advances  with  his  musket  cocked 
towards  the  little  Dauphin,  who  has  fallen  on  his  back  at  the  King's  feet, 
having  apparently  been  pushed  over  by  the  soldier's  bayonet.  A  man  wear- 
ing only  a  bonnet  rouge  and  a  shirt  advances  with  a  dagger  in  each  hand ; 
behind  him  is  a  man  with  a  raised  hammer  in  one  hand,  a  broom  in  the  other. 

News  of  the  flight  reached  London  on  the  morning  of  June  25  (in  a  dis- 
patch from  Lord  Gower)  accompanied  by  an  unsubstantiated  report  of  the 
capture.  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III,  ii.  192.  Gower, 
Dispatches^  ed.  O.  Browning,  p.  96.  For  the  flight  see  V.  Fournel,  L^^vene- 
ment  de  Varennes y  1890;  Lenotre,  Le  Drame  de  Varennes ^  1926.  The 
escape  and  recapture  were  'the  whole  conversation'  of  London  on  27  June 
(London  Chronicle,  28  June),  but  details  were  not  learned  till  later.  See  also 
Nos.  7883,  7884,  7887. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  129.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  64.  De  Vinck,  No.  3965. 
Gower,  No.  479. 
9iXi3jin. 

7883  THE  NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY  PETRIFIED. 
THE  NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY  REVIVIFIED. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  28^^  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  iV"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  design  in  two  com- 
partments, one  above  the  other,  the  figures  in  both  being  T.Q.L. 

803 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

[i]  A  ragged  French  barber,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  gesticulating  and  capering, 
says  to  six  terror-stricken  companions :  O  sacre  dieu!  de  King  is  escape!  de 
King  is  escape.  The  foremost  listener  is  a  tailor,  his  shears  stuck  through  the 
string  of  his  apron,  a  measuring-tape  round  his  shoulders,  but  wearing  a 
cocked  hat  and  sword.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  diminutive  postboy.  All  are 
much  caricatured  with  expressions  denoting  dismay.  The  barber  wears  a 
bag-wig,  with  a  comb  stuck  in  his  hair;  the  others  wear  tricolour  cockades 
in  their  hats. 

[2]  Another  group  of  ruffians  listen  with  delight  to  a  cook  (1.)  who  says, 
taking  a  pinch  of  snuff,  and  capering.  Aha!  be  gar,  de  King  is  retaken!  Aha! 
Mons^  Lewis  is  retaken!  Aha!  In  his  cap  is  a  tricolour  cockade  inscribed 
Liberty;  he  wears  over-sleeves,  a  spoon  and  fork  are  stuck  through  his 
apron-string,  a  string  of  frogs  hangs  from  his  belt.  His  most  prominent 
listener  is  a  shoe-black  with  a  grotesquely  wide  grin,  who  stands,  shoe  in 
one  hand,  brush  in  the  other.  These  much-caricatured  ragamuffins  are 
typical  of  the  French  republicans  depicted  by  Gillray :  at  once  ludicrous 
and  horrible.   For  the  flight  to  Varennes  see  No.  7882,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  129  (copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  55.  Reproduced, 
Everitt,  English  Caricatures  of  the  Nineteenth  Century,  p.  26.  A  pen  and 
wash  drawing  of  [i]  is  de  Vinck,  No.  3934.  A  reduced  copy  of  [2]  with 
English  inscriptions  is  de  Vinck,  No.  3969. 

Copies  of  this  print,  with  different  inscriptions,  and  on  separate  plates, 
were  published  later  in  France,  the  tricolour  cockades  altered  into  fleur-de- 
lis  badges,  to  indicate  that  the  persons  are  emigres :  La  Petrification  has 
the  inscription:  Quoi!  ces  french  dogs  descendraient  id!  \  Allons  mes  amis 
du  couraaaaaaage.  La  Satisfaction  is  inscribed :  Qui  mes  amis,  le  vain- 
queurde  Vltalie  sera  a  leur  tete  etje  reponds  du  succes.  Copies  in  Challamel, 
ii.  379,  380  {Collection  Laterrade). 

7884  THE  GRAND  MONARCK  DISCOVERED   IN  A  POT  DE 
CHAMBRE.   OR  THE  ROYAL  FUGITIVES  TURNING  TAIL. 

[Rowlandson.] 

London  June  28  lygi.   Publishd  by  S.  W.  Fores  at  his  Caracature 
Wharehouse  N°  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Marie  Antoinette  and  Louis  XVI  are 
seated  in  a  carriage,  of  the  type  then  called  pot  de  chambre,  the  Dauphin 
between  and  in  front  of  them.  The  three  galloping  horses  are  suddenly 
checked  by  a  French  soldier,  on  horseback,  and  by  another  man  beside  him. 
A  man  with  a  dagger  on  the  extreme  1.  pursues  the  carriage.  The  soldier, 
putting  his  finger  to  his  nose,  leans  towards  the  King,  saying.  Aha  B—gre, 
Croyez  vous  echaper  comme  ca.  The  off  horse,  on  which  the  postilion  is 
seated,  falls;  the  man  looks  round  shouting.  The  King  and  Queen  are 
terror-stricken ;  she  screams  Nous  sommes  tous  Foutus.  A  servant,  standing 
at  the  back  of  the  carriage  says,  Parbleu  Je  sens  tres  fort  la  lanterne.  All 
have  expressions  of  violent  emotion;  the  Dauphin  is  howling.  On  the 
extreme  1.  is  a  milestone :  Sens  II  lieu. 

One  of  several  satires  on  the  flight  to  Varennes,  see  No.  7882,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  ii.  393.   de  Vinck,  No.  3953  (where  the  soldier  is 
identified  as  Drouet,  but,  at  this  date,  no  details  of  the  capture  had  reached 
London.)   Hennin,  No.  10,995. 
9Xi2liin. 

804 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7885  THE  C M RS  RELLISH  AT  GREASY  HALL 

Edmonton  fecit  [L  Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥  hy  SW  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly  June  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Eight  men  sit  round  a  table  smoking 
and  drinking ;  they  are  evidently  Government  contractors ;  the  chairman, 
in  the  centre  of  the  farther  side  of  the  table,  wears  the  apron,  steel,  and 
over-sleeves  of  a  butcher,  and  appears  to  be  one  Rellish.  On  the  table,  before 
each,  is  a  money-bag  inscribed  1000.  Brook  Watson,  on  the  extreme  1., 
can  be  identified  from  his  wooden  leg ;  he  drinks,  saying.  Come  heres  Success 
to  Monopoly  this  is  a  fine  Rellish.  The  others  (1.  to  r.)  say:  Gentlemen  I  pro- 
pose that  our  worthy  host  shall  have  the  first  refusal  of  all  our  Contracts.  The 
next  man  silently  assents.  Rellish  says.  Gentlemen  the  weight  of  your  Obliga- 
tions is  more  than  I  can  Bear.  The  man  on  his  1.  says.  Aye  Aye  never  mind 
it  the  Young  Boxing  Butcher  can  help  you.  His  neighbour  says.  Agreed. 
The  next  says,  /  am  for  Consolidating  all  the  Contracts  into  one  &  let  him 
have  that  one.  A  handsome  and  well-dressed  man  seated  on  the  extreme  r. 
facing  Watson,  is  silent ;  a  negro,  in  livery,  stands  behind  his  chair  holding 
a  punch-bowl ;  he  says,  My  Massy  take  care  he  no  found  out  like  Massy 
Hollond  &  come  to  de  Workhouse  like  his  Cozens.  In  the  foreground  lies  a 
large  dog,  his  collar  inscribed  [Rjellish.  On  the  table,  besides  decanters, 
punch-bowls,  and  glasses,  are  tobacco-pipes  and  papers  of  tobacco.  On  the 
wall,  which  forms  a  background,  are  three  pictures  spaced  between  four  oval 
mirrors  in  ornate  frames :  in  the  centre  is  one  of  large  buildings  resembling 
mills  or  factories  inscribed  Red-Houses;  behind  is  a  windmill.  The  others 
are  a  pig  (r.)  and  a  misshapen  cow  (1.),  each  inscribed  Only  fit  for  Contracts. 
The  floor  is  carpeted. 

A  satire  on  Government  contractors.  Edward  and  John  Hollond  (acting 
Governor  of  Madras,  1790)  were  accused  of  extortion  and  corruption  on 
a  vast  scale  in  India.  Cornwallis  Corr.y  ii.  10  f.,  64,  80,  81,  112,  125,  &c. 
8|Xi3|in. 

7886  AN  ESCAPE  A  LA  FRANCOIS! 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  July  i  lygi  hy  Will""  Holland  AT"  30  Oxford  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  burlesque  representation  of  the  flight 
to  Varennes ;  the  royal  family  in  a  two-wheeled  carriage  drawn  (1.  to  r.)  by 
four  galloping  horses  with  two  postilions.  In  front  of  the  procession  the 
Pope  rides  a  bull  whose  head  is  cut  oflp  by  the  r.  margin ;  he  is  bare-legged, 
his  triple  crown  is  shaped  like  a  conical  cap,  and  he  holds  a  crozier  to  which 
two  keys  are  attached.  He  looks  round  with  a  grin,  saying,  The  true  Church 
never  faird  her  Votaries.  Behind  him  runs  a  fat  monk  carrying  the  Devil 
on  his  shoulders,  and  saying  A  fa  ira!  fa  iral  fa  ira!  diddle  diddle  di 
diddle  de  diddle  de  dee — Begar  dis  Friend  of  of  [sic]  mine  is  a  damned  load. 
The  Devil,  a  solid  creature  with  wings,  horns,  talons  and  hoofs,  says, 
pointing  to  the  Pope,  O  never  fear  that — here  is  Absolution. 

On  the  extreme  1.  Louis  XVI  and  Marie  Antoinette  sit  side  by  side  under 
the  hood  of  the  carriage.  He  says.  Ma  Chere  AmiCy  Le  Diable  what  will 
become  of  My  Oath?  The  Queen  turns  her  head  away;  both  look  com- 
placent. In  the  back  of  the  carriage  the  heads  of  the  two  children  are  seen 

805 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

through  a  side  window :  the  Uttle  Dauphin  says,  Vive  Le  Rot;  his  elder  sister 
says,  Vive  La  Liberie!  The  two  postiUons  have  the  accustomed  long 
queues  and  milk-churn  boots,  with  ruffled  shirts.  The  one  on  the  off  leader 
lashes  his  horse,  saying,  Alle,  AlUy  Alle  old  Aristocrat.  In  the  background, 
on  a  hill,  is  a  crucifix;  a  small  figure  kneels  before  it.  Across  the  sky  is 
etched :  Scruples  of  Conscience  relieved  and  the  Bye-Ways  to  Canaan  pointed 
out  by  the  Devil  and  the  Pope.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

Lo,  here  is  the  King  of  France,  a 

Going  to  lead  a  War  Dance  a 
La  la  la  lala 

He  thinks  his  troubles  past  a 

But  he'll  be  taken  at  last  a 
La  la  la  lala. 

For  the  flight  and  recapture  see  No.  7882,  &c. 
10JX28I  in. 


7887  DOCTER  PHLOGISTON,  THE  PRIESTLEY  POLITICIAN 
OR  THE  POLITICAL  PRIEST. 

Attic  Miscellany.  \  Political  Portraiture  N°  4. 

Annabal  Scratch  fecit 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Bentley  &  C*',^  July  i^  1791. 

Engraving.  From  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  369.  Priestley  walks  r.  to  1.,  diagon- 
ally away  from  the  spectator;  his  face,  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  has  a 
sinister  smile.  He  holds  out,  as  firebrands,  two  burning  papers:  Political 
Sermon  and  Essay  on  Government.  From  his  pockets  other  papers  project 
inscribed :  Revolution  Toasts,  Essays  on  Matlin  [sic]  Spirit  and  Gunpowder. 
He  tramples  on  books  and  papers,  including  an  open  book :  Bible  explained 
away. 

One  of  many  attacks  on  Priestley  as  atheistical  and  seditious.  He  pre- 
pared pure  nitrogen,  giving  it  the  name  of  *phlogisticated  air'.  The 
Political  Sermon  is  his  sermon  *0n  the  Conduct  to  be  observed  by 
Dissenters  in  Order  to  procure  the  repeal  of  the  Corporation  and  Test 
Acts  .  .  .\  1789.  This  was  preached  at  Birmingham  5  Nov.  1789,  and 
printed  at  the  request  of  the  dissenters*  committee  in  Birmingham.  For 
his  gunpowder  see  No.  7632,  &c. 

Reissued,  Nov.  1794  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine,  iii.  359,  as  The 
Reverend  Philosopher. 

5iX3jin. 

7888  THE  GHOST  OF  MIRABEAU'S  ADDRESS  TO  THE  LON- 
DON REVOLUTION  SOCIETY!!! 

London:  Published  July  ist,  lygi^  by  William  Holland,  No.  50,  Oxford 
Street. 

Engraving.  Heading  to  *A  new  Ballad  to  an  old  Tune'  (eight  verses) 
printed  in  two  columns.   H.L.  portrait  of  an  old  man,  full  face,  grinning 

^  In  B.M.L.  copy  oi  Attic  Miscellany  'W.  Locke'  is  substituted  for  'Bentley  &  Co*. 

806 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

with  a  fixed  stare.  He  wears  a  bonnet  rouge  (in  the  form  of  a  fool's  cap) 
with  a  cockade.  The  verses  relate  that  Pluto  has  ejected  him  from  Hell: 

'Dere's  more  trouble  with  jom  den  your  Friend  Doctor  Pr — e.* 
Mirabeau  says  {inter  alia) : 

*A  fig  for  Burke's  Book  and  the  Noise  it  has  made — * 
See  No.  7675,  &c.  For  the  Revolution  Society  see  No.  7889,  &c. 
6f  X5i  in.  (pL).  Broadside,  15x81^5  in. 

7889  ALECTO  AND  HER  TRAIN,  AT  THE  GATE  OF  PANDiE- 
MONIUM:— OR— THE  RECRUITING  SARJEANT  ENLISTING 
JOHN-BULL,  INTO  THE  REVOLUTION  SERVICE 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  July  4^  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Alecto,  a  fantastic  hag  (as  in  No.  7721), 
stands  outside  the  Crown  and  Anchor  tavern  between  a  diminutive 
Sheridan  (1.),  playing  a  fife,  and  Fox  (r.),  a  burly  drummer,  both  wearing 
regimentals.  She  towers  above  them,  holding  a  long  pike  surmounted  by 
a  cap  of  Liberty  and  holding  out  to  John  Bull,  a  yokel  (as  in  No.  8141), 
a  handful  of  Assignats.  Hissing  serpents  form  her  hair  and  serpents  suck 
at  the  pendent  breasts  which  her  ragged  garments  do  not  cover.  She  has 
webbed  wings,  and  wears  a  French  cocked  hat  with  a  tricolour  cockade 
inscribed  Liberty.  She  says:  Come  on  my  brave  Lad,  take  this  bounty- 
money  y  &  enter  into  my  Company  of  Gentlemen  Volunteers  enlisted  in  the 
cause  of  Liberty — F II  find  you  present  pay  and  free  quarters  y  &  Fll  lead  you 
where  you  shall  fill  your  knapsack  zvith  Plunder; — nay  Man^  never  talk  about 
your  old  Master  the  Farmer  y  Fll  find  you  Hundreds  of  Masters  as  good  as  he; 
Zounds  Fll  make  you  one  of  the  Masters  of  England  yourself: — come  ow,  I  say, 
heres  riches  for  yoUy — come  on;  the  glorious  14'*  of  July  is  approaching  y  when 
Monarchs  are  to  be  crushed  like  maggots y  &  brave  men  like  yourself  are  to  be 
put  in  their  places — here  hold  your  handy  enter  boldly  in  the  cause  of  Freedom  y 
&  cry  Huzza — Vive  la  Nation!  Huzza.  John  Bull  stands  on  the  1.,  scratch- 
ing his  head  with  a  puzzled  grin ;  he  wears  a  smock  and  very  wrinkled 
gaiters;  his  hat  and  a  pitchfork  are  in  his  1.  hand.  He  answers:  WoundSy 
Measter  Sarjeanty  an  I  should  enter  into  your  sarviccy  whatHl  Varmer-George 
say  to  7,  for  leaving  of  'en  without  warning? — and  yet  I  is  half  in  love  zvith 
the  sound  of  your  drum;  &  wishes  to  leave  off  Ploughing  &  dunging  y  &  wear 
one  of  your  vine  cockades y  &  be  a  French  Gentleman; — &  yety  dangs  ity  it 
goes  against  ones  heart  to  leave  the  Varmer; — ah  Varmer  George  has  been  a 
rare  good  Measter  to  I! — buty  am  I  to  have  all  them  fine  paper  Moneys — but 
to  leave  my  old  Measter!  Ah  me!  I  dozes' nt  know  what  to  doy  not  1! 

Sheridan  stands  between  Alecto  and  John  Bull;  from  his  fife  issues  a 
label  inscribed : 

'Tho'  I  am  but  a  very  silly  Lad 

Yet  as  Piping  Men  cannot  be  hady 

For  want  of  a  better  I  may  dOy 

To  give  you  a  tune  with  my  toOy  toOy  toOy 
my  too-too  too  &c  &c. 

Fox  is  much  larger  than  Sheridan,  both  wear  French  Grenadier's  caps. 
On  his  drum  is  the  head  of  a  Medusa  (Discord)  with  snaky  locks.  He 
smiles,  watching  John  Bull  with  a  stare  of  eager  calculation,  saying : 

807 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Then  come,  my  Lad,  our  glory  share. 
Let  your  honest  heart,  British  Valour  crown, 
At  Freedom's  call  to  our  Standard  repair. 
And  follow  the  beat  of  my  tow,  row,  row — 
my  row,  row,  row — &c  &c. 

Behind  him  and  on  the  extreme  r.  Stanhope  runs  off  to  the  r.,  stooping 
as  if  to  conceal  himself;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  letter:  To  Lord  Stanhop[e]  from 
W.  Pitt.  He  says :  Ah  this  damned  threatening  caution  from  my  brother  in  law 
Billy,  has  put  me  into  a  terrible  funk; — I  must  be  off  &  leave  the  Black- 
Sarjeant  to  muster  up  recruits  without  me: — well  if  the  recruits  should  grow 
riotous,  &  do  any  mischief  I  cannot  be  blamed: — thank  Heav'n  I  have 
scratched  my  name  out  of  his  muster  Book:  but  however  it  is  best  to  be  off,  before 
the  review — oh  zounds!  I'm  in  a  terrible  funk — a  damn' d  funk  indeed. 

The  door  of  the  Crown  &  Anchor  Tavern  is  immediately  behind  Fox 
and  Alecto.  From  it  issue  flames  and  smoke  in  which  imps  and  demons  are 
flying. 

A  satire  on  the  radicals  who  were  admirers  of  the  French  Revolution  and 
especially  on  the  Revolution  Society  (founded  to  celebrate  the  English 
Revolution  of  1688).  Stanhope  resigned  his  membership  on  12  Aug.,  1790, 
but  lost  none  of  his  enthusiasm  for  the  French  Revolution ;  see  G.  Stanhope 
and  G.  P.  Gooch,  Life  of  Charles,  third  Earl  Stanhope,  97  f.  The  dinners 
celebrating  the  anniversary  of  the  taking  of  the  Bastille^  were  held  at  the 
Crown  and  Anchor  in  the  Strand.  Neither  Fox,  Sheridan,  nor  Stanhope 
attended  the  dinner  on  14  July  1791,  their  absence  being  not  improbably 
due  to  this  and  similar  prints  and  to  the  newspaper  attacks  on  the  forth- 
coming celebration;  see  Laprade,  England  and  the  French  Revolution,  1909, 
40-2.  The  landlord  refused  to  allow  the  dinner  of  4  Aug.  179 1  to 
celebrate  the  second  anniversary  of  the  abolition  of  feudal  privileges  in 
France  to  be  held  at  his  tavern.  For  Stanhope  and  the  Revolution  Society 
see  Nos.  7629,  7639,  7824,  7895.  For  the  dinner  see  Nos.  7890,  7892.  For 
Fox  as  a  friend  of  the  French  Revolution  cf.  No.  8142,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  130.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  56. 

i5fXi7|in.  (pL). 

7890  REVOLUTION  ANNIVERSARY  OR,  PATRIOTIC  INCAN- 
TATIONS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  July  12  lygi 

Engraving.  Priestley,  Fox,  Towers,  and  Sheridan,  holding  hands,  dance 
round  a  cauldron;  the  steam  (inscribed  French  Spirits)  forms  a  broad 
column  in  the  centre  of  the  design.  All  wear  large  favours  on  their  breasts. 
The  cauldron  is  ornamented  by  an  anchor  (signifying  Hope)  superimposed 
on  a  trophy  of  pikes,  sabres,  and  other  munitions  of  war,  with  a  flag  of 
Liberty,  In  the  steam  is  a  crown,  upside-down,  which  has  been  expelled 
from  its  place  as  part  of  the  sign  of  the  Crown  and  Anchor  tavern  (repre- 
sented by  the  cauldron).  Two  little  demons  sit  against  the  sides  of  the 
cauldron  blowing  pipes,  two  others  (1.  and  r.)  beat  drums.  Priestley  is  on 

*  'The  fourteenth  of  July  being  the  Anniversary  of  the  late  glorious  Revolution 
in  France  .  .  .  the  Friends  of  Liberty  in  England  are  invited  to  celebrate  [it]  .  .  . 
Tickets  7s  6d.  each.*   Press  cutting  from  The  Diary,  14  July  1791. 

808 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

the  extreme  1.,  a  book:  Rights  of  Men  (cf.  No.  7867,  &c.)  in  his  r.  hand: 
his  1.  holds  Fox's  r.  hand.   He  sings : 

Oh!  choice  Spirit  of  dauntless  Paine 

Makcy  make  our  Cauldron  blaze  again. 
Fox  sings : 

Around!  around  in  Chaotic  Dance^ 

We  step  to  tune  of  free-made  France; 

And  when  the  Hurly-burly  '5  done^ 

And  all  Ranks  confounded  in  One; 

Oh!  how  we  will  Sing  and  Caper ^ 

If  Cash  we  can  make  with  Paper. 
Dr.  Towers  and  Fox  hold  hands,  their  arms  concealed  by  the  smoke 
from  the  cauldrons.  Towers  sings : 

With  brave  resolves  in  spite  of  B [Burke] 

We'll  complete  the  glorious  Work; 

Oh!  ye  Spirits  of  discord  arise^ 

And  scatter  our  lordly  enemies. 
Sheridan  is  on  the  extreme  r.;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  book:  Drury's  Prompt 
Book.  Caiddron  Scene  Macbeth.    He  holds  Towers'  1.  hand,  singing : 

Bauble!  Bauble  melt  with  trouble! 

Fire  burn^  and  Nation  bubble; 

And  hither  ye  discontented  comCy 

To  the  Taty  taty  taty  too  of  our  Drum. 

He  wears  a  grenadier's  cap,  on  which  is  a  skull  and  cross-bones,  and  Conquer 
or  Die.  Constitution.  Revolution.  At  his  feet  is  a  paper:  Crown  and  Anchor. 
Invitat[ion]. 

On  the  wall,  which  forms  a  background,  are  four  pictures,  each  with  a 
special  application  to  the  man  beneath  it:  Fanaticism  (above  Priestley): 
a  devil  burns  a  church  and  tramples  on  a  mitre.  Wat  Tyler  (above  Fox) : 
Tyler  on  horseback  addresses  a  mob  waving  clubs  and  hats  and  shouting 
Huzza  Wat  for  ever.  Republicism :  Dr.  Towers  smashes  the  crown  and 
sceptre  with  an  axe.  Jack  Cade  (above  Sheridan) :  Cade  directs  a  band  of 
men  who  are  slaughtering  a  fleeing  crowd.  On  the  wall  is  also  a  placard : 
Ordered  That  no  Cockades  be  worn  on  the  14^^  but  that  Favors  of  Freedom 
be  placed  nearest  the  Heart — also  that  no  comparisons  be  made  nor  a  word 
said  about  the  thitig  we  celebrate. 

A  satire  on  the  forthcoming  dinner  at  the  Crown  and  Anchor  tavern  to 
celebrate  the  second  anniversary  of  the  fall  of  the  Bastille.  A  newspaper 
paragraph  announced  ironically:  *that  the  Crown  will  on  that  day  be 
removed  from  its  present  situation  by  the  particular  desire  of  the  Society, 
and  the  Anchor  only  permitted  to  remain.'  Diary y  14  July.  It  was  also 
announced  in  the  press  on  14  July :  Tt  being  the  sole  object  of  this  Meeting 
to  celebrate,  as  a  subject  of  exultation,  the  Overthrow  of  Despotism  ...  it 
is  requested  that  no  Gentleman  will,  on  that  day,  .  .  .  introduce  .  .  .  any 
Question  whatever  relative  to  the  Public  Affairs  or  the  local  Concerns  of 
this  Country.  .  .  .  No  Cockade  or  other  Badge  of  Distinction  is  intended 
to  be  worn.'  Ibid.  Priestley  was,  of  course,  in  Birmingham,  see  No.  7894, 
&c.  For  the  proceedings  see  London  Chronicle y  15  July:  'The  toast  of  the 
Nation,  the  Law  and  the  King  (the  French  motto,  cf.  No.  7661)  was  drunk 
with  special  applause.'  See  also  No.  7889,  &c. 
9|Xi3i|in. 

809 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7891  THE  FRUITION  OF  NANTES  OR  THE  VISION  INTER- 
PRETED 

Cruikshank 

Lond  Pub:  July  i$  lygi  by  S  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Five  British  sailors  make  a  furious  attack  on  six  French 
soldiers,  grotesque  and  terrified  creatures,  whom  the  sailors  humiliate  and 
insult.  Their  officer  (1.),  who  holds  a  British  flag,  is  threatened  by  a  sailor 
with  clenched  fists,  and  excretes,  terrified.  A  sailor  with  a  scourge  slashes 
the  bared  posteriors  of  a  Frenchman  who  grovels  on  the  ground,  saying, 
oh  lepauvre  Commandant  \  he  says.  Now  f outre youH  take  2  Merchants  Ships 
for  a  fleet  of  Men  of  War  again.  A  Frenchman,  nearly  throttled  by  an 
angry  sailor,  cries  Ca-ira  Ca-ira.  A  sailor  pulls  the  queue  of  the  drummer, 
to  whom  he  oflfers  a  piece  of  tobacco,  saying,  here  you  B — g — r  heres  a  stale 
Quid  for  you  Instead  of  Hartshorn.  A  sailor  on  the  extreme  r.  pulls  the 
queue  of  a  Frenchman  and  raises  his  club  to  strike;  the  latter  says,  oh 
Diable  we  was  Make  de  Dam  Mistake  Parblue.  The  sailor  answers,  aye  aye 

D n  Your  Eyes  III  make  you  Blue  and  Black  too.  In  the  background  (1.) 

are  buildings  inscribed  Nantes.   For  this  incident  see  No.  7893. 
SJxisJin. 

7892  THE  HOPES  OF  THE  PARTY,  PRIOR  TO  JULY  i4TH_ 
"FROM  SUCH  WICKED  CROWN  &  ANCHOR-DREAMS,  GOOD 
LORD  DELIVER  US." 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥July  ig^^  1791,  by  S.  W.  Fores  AT*'  j,  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  scaflfold  extends 
across  the  foreground :  Fox  raises  an  axe  to  strike  the  neck  of  George  III, 
whose  head  is  held  by  Sheridan.  The  scaflfold  is  surrounded  by  a  dense 
and  cheering  mob.  On  the  r.  is  the  gate  of  the  Crown  &  Anchor  tavern, 
and  from  two  projecting  lamp-brackets  swing  the  bodies  of  Queen  Charlotte 
and  Pitt.  The  houses  of  the  Strand  recede  in  perspective  and  terminate 
in  Temple  Bar,  with  two  heads  on  spikes ;  clouds  of  smoke  appear  to  come 
from  burning  houses  east  of  Temple  Bar.  On  the  clouds  a  meretricious 
Liberty  sits  enthroned  and  triumphant. 

The  King's  neck  rests  on  a  narrow  block,  his  shaved  head  appears  bald, 
his  legs  are  held  up  by  Home  Tooke,  who  stands  on  the  1.,  saying: 

O,  such  a  day  as  thisy  so  renowned  so  victorious. 

Such  a  day  as  this  was  never  seen 

Revolutionists  so  gay  ; — while  Aristocrats  notorious , 

Tremble  at  the  universal  glee. 
From  Tooke 's  pocket  projects  a  paper:  Petition  of  Home  Tooke  (against 
the  return  of  Fox  and  Hood  for  Westminster,  see  No.  7690).  The  King, 
who  supports  himself  on  his  hands,  says.  What!  What!  What! — whafs  the 
matter  now.  Fox,  enormously  stout,  straddles  behind  the  King,  full  face, 
his  axe  raised  in  both  hands ;  he  wears  a  mask  with  large  circular  eye-holes 
and  fox's  ears ;  he  says :  Zounds!  what  the  devil  is  it  that  puts  me  into  such 
a  hell  of  a  Funk? — damn  it,  it  is  but  giving  one  good  blow,  &  all  is  settled! — 
but  what  if  I  should  miss  my  aim! — ah!  it's  the  fear  of  that  which  makes  me 
stink  so! — <Sf  yet,  damnation!  what  should  I  be  afraid  of?  if  I  should  not 
succeed,  why  nobody  can  find  me  out  in  this  Mask,  any  more  than  the  Man 

810 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

who  chop'd  the  Calfs-head  off^  a  Hundred  &  Forty  Years  ago — and  so  here 
goes!  Sheridan  kneels  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  the  King  by  the  ear  and 
nose,  he  looks  up  at  Fox  with  a  sinister  scowl,  saying,  Hell  &  Damnation^ 
dont  be  afraid  give  a  home  stroke ,  &  then  throw  off  the  Mask — Zounds  j  I  wish 
I  had  hold  of  the  Hatchet. 

Priestley,  behind  Sheridan,  leans  towards  the  King,  saying,  Don^t  be 
alarmed  at  your  situation,  my  dear  Brother;  we  must  all  dye  once;  and,  there- 
fore what  does  it  signify  whether  we  dye  today  or  tomorrow — in  fact ,  a  Man 
ought  to  be  glad  of  the  opportunity  of  dying ,  if  by  that  means  he  can  serve  his 
Country y  in  bringing  about  a  glorious  Revolution: — &  as  to  your  Soul,  or  any 
thing  after  death  donH  trouble  yourself  about  that;  depend  on  it,  the  Idea  of 
a  future  state ,  is  all  an  imposition:  &  as  every  thing  here  is  vanity  &  vexation 
of  spirit y  you  should  therefore  rejoice  at  the  moment  which  will  render  you  easy 
&  quiet.  He  holds  a  paper:  Priestley  on  a  Future  State.  Sir  Cecil  Wray 
stands  with  his  r.  hand  on  Sheridan's  shoulder,  saying.  Here  do  give  me  a 
little  room  Joseph  that  I  may  be  in  readiness  to  catch  the  droppings  of  the 
Small  Beer  when  it  is  tapped;  I  never  can  bear  to  see  the  Small  Beer  wasted 
Joseph!  He  holds  in  his  1.  hand  a  small  cask.  For  Small  Beer,  and  a  large 
pipe ;  in  his  pocket  is  a  paper :  Plan  of  Chelsea  Hospital  by  Sir  Ceci[l]  Wray. 
The  Queen  is  cruelly  caricatured ;  she  swings  against  Pitt,  who  is  in  a  death 
agony  with  crisped  fingers. 

A  satire  on  the  dinner  at  the  Crown  and  Anchor,  see  Nos.  7889,  7890 ; 
and  on  the  radicals  who  extolled  the  French  Revolution,  cf.  No.  8142,  &c. 
For  the  treatment  of  the  King  cf.  No.  7894.  For  Priestley  and  death  cf. 
Nos.  5644, 7635.  For  Wray,  small  beer,  and  Chelsea  Hospital  see  No.  6475, 
&c. ;  he  retired  from  politics  after  his  defeat  at  Westminster  but  was  one 
of  the  stewards  at  the  dinner  of  14  July  1791.  For  Sheridan  as  Joseph 
Surface  cf.  No.  7510,  &c.,  and  for  the  King's  words.  No.  7515. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  130-1.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  57. 
i38Xi9iin. 

7893  THE  VISION  OF  NANTES  OR  THE  PATRIOTICK  ATTACK 
OF  THE  TROOPS  NATIONAL. 

/  Cruikshank  Del 

London  Pub  July  20  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  the  quarter-deck 
of  a  small  vessel,  on  which  six  French  soldiers  with  ferocious  gestures  are 
taking  down  the  British  flag ;  a  hump-backed  soldier  has  climbed  the  flag- 
staff, and  crouches  with  drawn  sword,  saying,  oh  by  Gar  I  was  on  de  Pinnicle 
of  my  Glory.  Through  his  ragged  breeches  issues  the  word  Commandant. 
In  the  lower  1.  corner  of  the  design  is  the  head  of  an  English  sailor,  saying, 
that  sweet  little  Cherub  that  sits  up  aloft  (cf.  No.  7677)  he  will  shortly  come 
wap  on  his  Back.  Two  men  bite  the  flag.  Another,  very  emaciated,  says, 
aha  Mon^  Angloise  we  was  Men  Enough  (40.000)  to  take  de  whole  fleet.  Two  * 
other  soldiers  peer  over  the  edge  of  the  vessel.  The  ship  is  in  harbour. 
Behind  her  is  another  (English)  vessel  whose  flag  is  being  removed  and  sails 
furled.  A  British  sailor  stands  in  a  boat  on  the  extreme  r.,  shouting,  avast 
Bougres  we'll  teach  you  to  take  2  Merchant  ships  for  a  fleet  of  Men  of  War 
again.  On  the  horizon  are  buildings  inscribed  Nantes.  Across  the  sky  is 
etched  Rehearsal. 

On  29  June  there  was  a  war-scare  at  Nantes ;  the  arrival  of  the  Endeavour , 
of  London,  and  the  Commerce ,  of  Newcastle,  was  thought  to  herald  the 

811 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

approach  of  the  British  fleet.  The  scare  was  inflamed  by  the  appearance 
of  some  French  West  Indiamen,  by  the  attempt  of  some  aristocrats  to 
embark  in  Brittany  for  Jersey,  and  by  the  King's  flight.  National  troops 
went  on  board  the  two  vessels  and  took  away  the  sails.  Despatches  of  Earl 
GowcTy  ed.  O.  Browning,  103-4.  ^^^  ^^^o  No.  7891.  For  the  first  real 
anticipation  of  war  see  No.  8084. 
SlfXHlin. 

7894  A  BIRMINGHAM  TOAST,  AS  GIVEN   ON  THE  14TH  OF 
JULY,  BY  THE  REVOLUTION  SOCIETY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥July  23^  1791:  by  S.  W,  Fores  N.  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Six  men,  seated  and  standing  behind  a 
table  on  which  are  decanters,  punch-bowl,  &c.,  drink  a  treasonous  toast. 
This  is  given  by  Priestley  (1.)  who  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  up 

an  empty  Communion  dish  and  a  brimming  chalice,  saying.  The  

[King's]  Head,  here!  Fox  sits  in  the  centre,  raising  his  glass,  his  r.  hand 
on  his  heart ;  he  looks  up  ecstatically,  saying.  My  Soul  &  Body,  both,  upon 
this  Toast!!!  On  his  r.  sits  Sir  Cecil  Wray,  saying,  O  Heav'ns!  why  I  would 
empty  a  Chelsea  Pensioners  small-beer  barrel  in  such  a  cause!!  [see  No.  7892]. 
On  the  extreme  1.  Sheridan  bends  forward,  avidly  filling  his  glass  from  a 
decanter  of  Sherry;  he  says,  Damn  my  Eyes!  but  F II  pledge  you  that  Toast 
tho  Hell  gapes  for  me.  On  Fox's  1.  sits  Home  Tooke,  saying,  I  have  not 
drank  so  glorious  a  Toast  since  I  was  Parson  of  Brentford,  &'  kept  it  up  with 
Balf  &  M'^Quirk!  (He  had  tried  to  secure  the  execution  of  these  two 
'bludgeon  men'  for  murder  at  the  Middlesex  Election  of  1768;  though 
convicted  they  were  pardoned,  see  Nos.  4223-4226.)  He  grasps  a  decanter 
of  Holland[s]  (perhaps  indicating  attachment  to  Fox,  after  previous 
hostility,  cf.  No.  7652).  On  the  extreme  r.  sits  Dr.  Lindsey,  with  (like 
Sheridan)  a  drink-blotched  face;  he  drinks,  saying.  Amen!  Amen!  Before 
him  are  two  decanters  of  Brandy.  Behind  Home  Tooke  and  Lindsey  stands 
a  group  of  sanctimonious  dissenters,  with  lank  hair,  much  caricatured; 
three  say  respectively:  Hear  our  Prayers:  &  preserve  us  from  Kifigs  & 
Whores  of  Babylon!!! ;  Put  enmity  between  us  &  the  ungodly  and  bring  down 
the  Heads  of  all  Tyrants  &  usurpers  quickly  good  Lord — Hear  us  good  Lord. 
and  O!  grant  the  Wishes  of  thine  inheritance.  On  the  wall  above  Fox's 
head  is  a  picture  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral;  from  the  fa9ade  emerge  the  heads 
of  three  pigs  feeding  from  a  trough.  This  is  A  Pig's-Stye  \  a  View  from 
Hackney  (an  allusion  to  Priestley's  congregation  at  the  Gravel  Pit  chapel. 
Hackney,  where  he  had  succeeded  Price). 

On  14  July  1791  the  'Constitutional  Society'  (cf.  No.  7859),  of  Birming- 
ham, held  an  anniversary  dinner,  inviting  by  advertisement  'any  friend  to 
freedom'.  A  seditious  handbill  relating  to  the  dinner  (see  Ann.  Reg.,  1791, 
p.  29)  was  disowned  by  the  promoters.  Priestley  was  warned  by  a  friend 
not  to  attend  and  was  not  there.  After  the  guests  had  departed,  a  mob 
attacked  the  building,  then  attacked  Priestley's  house,  burning  his  books 
and  papers.  D.N.B. ;  Laprade,  England  and  the  French  Revolution,  1909, 
44  ff. ;  Life  of  William  Hutton,  1816,  pp.  157  ff.  See  also  Nos.  7896,  7899, 
8082.    For  the  toast  to  the  King's  execution  cf.  No.  7892. 

Grego,  Gillray,  130-1.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  58. 
io|Xi9jin. 

812 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7895  JERRY  SNEAK.  |  I.O.D.  |  TAKING  FRENCH  LEAVE  OF 
THE  REVOLUTION  SOCIETY. 

Political  Portraiture  N""  5. 

Annabal  Scratch  fecit. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Locke  Aug^  i  lygi. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany ,  ii.  395.  Lord  Stanhope,  stooping 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  hurries  furtively  from  an  open  doorway  into  the  street, 
his  r.  hand  raised,  his  1.  hand  holding  his  hat  behind  his  back.  Rolled 
documents  project  from  his  pocket  inscribed  Toasts. 

The  text  shows  that  the  allusion  is  not  to  Stanhope's  resignation  from 
the  Revolution  Society  in  1790,  but  to  his  failure  to  attend  the  dinner  at 
the  Crown  and  Anchor  on  14  July  1791,  see  No.  7889,  &c.  Jerry  Sneak  is 
a  character  in  Foote's  Mayor  of  Garret  (1763). 
5iX3iin. 

7895  a  the  reforming  peer. 

Another  impression  without  signature  or  imprint. 

The  plate  was  reissued  with  this  title  and  the  imprint  Engraved  for  the 
Carlton  House  Magazine  in  the  issue  of  May  1794,  iii.  173. 

7896  THE  EXALTED  REFORMER.  [i  Aug.  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  167.  Illustration  to  *The  Un-Priestley 
Divine  in  Effigy'.  A  life-like  figure  of  Priestley  hangs  by  the  neck  from  a 
stake  in  the  flames  of  a  bonfire  in  which  are  burning  a  portrait  of  Cromwell^ 
books  and  papers  inscribed :  Bible  .  .  .  Priestley,  Rights  of  Man,  Toasts, 
Sermons.  A  mob  surrounds  the  fire :  some  bring  more  books,  papers,  &c.,  to 
burn ;  a  ruffian  with  a  bludgeon  waves  his  hat  in  the  foreground ;  a  drunken 
man  on  the  ground  vomits.  Behind  is  a  dense  crowd  with  two  Church  & 
State  banners ;  missiles  fly  into  the  air.  Behind  the  stake  is  the  east  end  of 
a  church.  In  the  background  are  the  flames  and  smoke  of  a  great  con- 
flagration. 

The  text  relates  that  a  certain  squire  organized  the  burning  of  Priestley 
in  effigy  after  a  mock  trial,  in  order  to  divert  the  villagers  from  more  serious 
outrages.  See  No.  7894,  &c.  For  Priestley  and  the  Birmingham  riots  cf. 
a  broadside  with  woodcuts:  A  New  Song  calculated  for  the  Latitude  of 
Birmingham,  by  W.  N.,  B.M.L.  1876  f.  1/172.  For  Paine's  book  see 
No.  7867,  &c. 
5iX3jin.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

7897  SUMMER    AMUSEMENT    AT    FARMER    G 'S    NEAR 

WINDSOR. 

[  ?  Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  August  9,  lygi  by  W.  Holland,  N°  50,  Oxford  Street 

In  Holland^s  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures.  Admittance,  One  Shilling 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  dairy:  George  III  (1.),  in  shirt-sleeves,  is 
churning ;  the  Queen,  dressed  as  a  farmer's  wife,  sits  in  the  window  counting 

813 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

the  coins  which  the  Princess  Royal  pours  on  to  the  table.  The  Princess 
has  a  basket  on  her  arm  and  is  dressed  like  a  country-girl.  The  Queen  says, 
Bless  mey  Childy  you  have  made  a  very  bad  market!  Good  Heavens  is  it  possible 
the  people  can  be  so  unreasonable  these  plentiful  times  to  expect  six  eggs  for  a 
groat!  You  shall  tramp  to  London  next  market  day.  The  King  adds,  A  very 
bad  market  girly  indeed^  a  very  bad  market  girl — Lizy  shall  go  next  (cf. 
No.  6947).  Behind  the  King  are  shelves  with  bowls  of  cream,  a  furtive  cat 
drinks  from  one  of  them.  Above  them,  three  milk-scores  are  chalked  on 
the  wall,  headed,  Cartwheel's  score ^  The  Widow  Waggonrut^  and  M^^  Towser, 
On  the  ground  (1.)  is  a  pile  of  cheeses. 

Outside  the  wide  doorway  (r.)  Pitt,  elegantly  dressed,  is  milking  a  cow 
with  a  fastidious  air ;  he  sings : 

/  made  war  with  KatCy 

a  buxom  Northern  Lass: 

But  such  my  cruel  fate — 

Thurlow,  wearing  a  smock,  stands  with  his  back  to  Pitt,  cracking  a  whip ; 
he  says, 

She  bid  you  kiss  her  A .' 

Damn  the  Whip  Fll  never  learn  the  right  smack  of  a  Carter, 

For  other  satires  on  the  royal  farms  at  Windsor  and  their  parsimonious 
management  see  No.  6918,  &c.,  and  cf.  No.  7836,  &c.  For  Pitt's  Russian 
policy,  see  No.  7841,  &c. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxx. 

I2ixi9i^gin. 


7898  FRIAR  BACON  AND  HIS  BRAZEN  HEAD. 
[?  Newton.] 

London   Published  by  W.  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  Street  August  10 
1791. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III  (T.Q.L.)  sits  in  a  chair, 
asleep,  in  profile  to  the  1.  He  is  dressed  as  Friar  Bacon  in  a  gown,  his  hat 
or  cap  resembling  that  which  he  wears  in  No.  7836,  and  has  a  wand  in  his 
folded  arms.  Facing  him  is  a  large  bust  of  Pitt,  with  closed  eyes  and  an 
enigmatic  half-smile.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  And  Friar  Bacon  made 
unto  himself  a  head  of  Brass,  to  answer  difficult  questions  And  Friar  Bacon 
watched  it  incessantly  day  and  night,  but  it  spake  not  a  word.  At  length  the 
Friar  with  overwatching  fell  asleep — and  the  people  without  were  much 
enraged  thereat,  as  the  Question  was  an  important  one,  viz 

War  or  Peace!! 

Pitt's  policy  for  the  Triple  Alliance  to  bring  pressure  to  bear  on  Russia, 
to  secure  protection  for  Poland,  and  the  status  quo  ante  for  Turkey  (see 
No.  7841,  &c.),  was  frustrated  by  the  attitude  of  the  Opposition  and  the 
devious  policy  of  Prussia  in  pursuing  her  private  ends  against  Poland. 
A  peace  policy  had  been  indicated  by  the  resignation  of  Leeds  on  21  April 
(see  No.  7851).  Preliminaries  of  peace  between  Russia  and  Turkey  were 
signed  10  Aug.  1791.  The  King  is  blamed  for  subservience  to  Pitt  (cf. 
No.  4883).  For  the  Brazen  Head  cf.  No.  6373,  &c. 
iofX9Jin. 

814 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7899  SELF  MURDER  OR  THE  WOLF  TRIED  AND  CONVICTED 
ON  HIS  OWN  EVIDENCE. 

[L    Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  Aug:  28  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  dissenters.  From  a  gallows 
(1.)  hangs  Priestley,  wearing  a  sheepskin  over  his  dress,  as  the  wolf  in 
sheep's  clothing.  He  appears  dead,  but  says,  Dam  the  Church  &  State  I 
hate  them  both  the  hand  bill  ah!  that  is  the  DiveUU  (an  allusion  to  the  hand- 
bill circulated  at  Birmingham,  cf.  No.  7894).  On  the  ground  under  the 
gallows  is  a  heap  of  writhing  serpents,  from  their  fangs  shoot  the  words 
Enthisism^  Fanaticism,  Athism,  and  Sedition.  On  the  cross-bar  of  the 
gallows  sits  Price,  with  the  body  of  a  serpent  with  a  barbed  tail.  He  aims 
a  cannon,  inscribed  JP,  at  a  bishop,  wearing  a  mitre,  and  a  parson,  who 
converse,  looking  over  a  high  wall  behind  which  is  the  corner  of  a  Gothic 
church.  Priestley  says,  Down  with  their  Cathederal  Stalls  &  Caterpillars 
(in  the  sectarian  phraseology  of  the  seventeenth  century  dignitaries  of  the 
Church  were  Caterpillars  of  the  Commonwealth).  The  bishop  turns  to  the 
parson,  saying.  Beware  of  Wolves  in  sheep* s  Clothing  for  the  Poisen  of  Asps 
is  under  their  tongues.  The  parson  answers:  Yes  Sir  Under  the  Denomi- 
nation of  Dissenters  they  P—y  P — e  and  L — y  have  brought  a  Stigma  on 
all  Dissenters  in  General  tho*  it  is  only  the  followers  of  those  three  Blasphemers 
who  have  made  the  Disturbence.  Nevertheless,  on  the  extreme  1.,  a  winged 
and  horned  monster  with  the  head  of  ( ?)  Wesley^  emerges  from  a  cloud 
of  smoke,  saying,  /  now  come  forward  in  a  Glorious  Cause. 

On  the  r.  of  the  gallows,  Lindsey,  with  a  serpent's  body  like  that  of 
Price,  addresses  the  serpents  with  uplifted  arms,  saying.  Believe  me  the 
Church  of  England  which  they  thought  they  were  supporting  has  Received  a 
greater  Shock  by  their  Conduct  than  all  our  Bretheren  have  aimed  at.  He 
evidently  speaks  of  the  Church  and  State  mob  at  Birmingham,  see  No. 
7894.  A  row  of  dissenters,  with  serpents'  bodies,  emerges  from  the  ground 
in  the  foreground,  the  only  one  completely  above  ground  being  Lindsey 
on  their  1. ;  a  demon  flies  above  their  heads  with  a  watering-pot,  to  assist 
their  grovi1:h.  All  are  much  caricatured ;  the  one  next  Lindsey  says.  Why 
to  be  sure  we  have  had  a  Nock  or  two  at  it  as  well  as  the  Constitution.  Below 
these  creatures  is  etched:  ^^If  we  are  Destroyed  an  Hundred  zvill  Appear**. 

Wesley  died  on  2  March,  Price  on  19  April,  1791 .  For  Priestley's  remarks 
about  directing  a  train  of  gunpowder  against  the  established  Church  see 
No.  7632,  &c.  The  print  appears  to  be  a  propagandist  effort  to  counter 
the  discredit  of  the  Church  and  King  mob  at  Birmingham,  see  No. 
7894,  &c.  The  initials  on  the  cannon  suggest  confusion  of  Price  with 
Priestley. 
8x13/6  in. 

7900  MAD  TOM,  OR  THE  MAN  OF  RIGHTS. 

Hannibal  Scratch  fecit 

[Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Locke  SepV  i.  lygi.] 

Engraving.   PI.  to  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  417,  where  it  is  inscribed  Political 
Portraiture  A^"  6.  Tom  Paine  sits  in  an  arm-chair  beside  a  small  writing- 

*  His  presence  is  inconsistent  with  the  political  attitude  of  the  Methodists  and 
with  the  remark  of  the  parson  to  the  bishop. 

81S 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

desk,  pen  in  hand,  his  r.  arm  and  1.  leg  raised  in  excitement,  his  1.  hand 
held  to  his  face.  He  sits  on  a  paper  inscribed  Rights  of  Man.  The  paper  on 
his  desk  is  inscribed :  Riots  treasons  Plots  conspiracies  civil  war —  Burk — . 
At  his  feet  are  a  crown,  a  broken  sceptre,  and  a  paper:  Price  Priest[ley] 
Tow[ers]. 

Paine 's  Rights  of  Man^  in  answer  to  Burke's  Reflections^  was  published 
on  13  March  1791,  see  No.  7867,  &c.  In  the  accompanying  text  Paine  is 
compared  with  Jack  Straw,  Jack  Cade,  Wat  Tyler,  Guy  Vaux,  Jonathan 
Wild,  and  Jack  the  Painter  (Aitken,  see  No.  6288). 

The  imprint  has  been  erased  or  stopped  out,  suggesting  that  the  plate 
was  issued,  probably  at  a  later  date,  as  a  separate  print. 

5|X3ftin. 

7900  A  The  plate  was  reissued  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine,  July  1795, 
iv.  225,  with  the  title  The  Incendiary  (B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448). 

7901  THE  EMPRESS  RECEIVING  HER  DESIRE!      [i  Sept.  1791] 

Engraving.  From  the  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  230.  Catherine  II  leans  back 
on  her  throne,  clasping  the  life-like  bust  of  Fox,  at  which  she  smiles.  A 
courtier  stands  beside  her  on  the  extreme  1.,  smiling.  In  the  background 
two  young  women  point  to  another  bust  on  a  table,  looking  at  the  Empress 
with  amusement. 

The  text  relates  that  the  Empress  desired  the  bust  from  her  admiration 
for  Fox's  personal,  not  political,  qualities.   See  No.  7902,  &c. 

5fX3iiin. 

An  English  caricature,  de  Vinck,  No.  1757, 
A  DEMOCRAT. 
G,  M,  Woodward  Delin. 
London  Pub  Sepf  2  lygi  hy  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  French  patriot,  wearing  a  cocked  hat 
with  large  tricolour  cockade,  rests  his  hand  on  a  bludgeon ;  from  his  pocket 
issues  the  Rights  of  Man,  In  the  background  a  noose  dangles  from  a  lamp- 
post on  which  is  fixed  a  bleeding  head. 
lofxSin. 

7902  BLACK  CARLO'S  WHITE  BUST,  OR,  THE  PARTY'S  PLENIPO 
IN  CATHERINE'S  CLOSET. 

[Dent.] 

Puh  hy  WDent  Sept  14^  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Catherine  II  (1.)  sits  in  profile  to  the  r., 
with  a  bust  of  Fox  on  her  lap.  She  regards  it  amorously,  her  arm  round  its 
neck,  saying,  O  Heavens!  I  wish  I  had  the  whole  length.  The  bust  is 
inscribed  Real  Greek;  it  leers  up  at  her,  saying.  Ay!  You're  a  deep  One. 
One  leg  is  raised,  as  if  she  had  kicked  over  two  busts  which  lie  on  the 
ground  on  their  backs :  one  of  George  III,  inscribed  Demosthenes,  looks  up 
at  Catherine,  saying.  What  what  amazing  capacity  will  Oxacow  satisfy?  The 
other,  of  Pitt,  inscribed  Cicero,  says.  Yes,  we  are  finely  tossed  off  by  Private 

816 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

acceptance.  These  are  Modern  Antiques.  On  the  wall  beside  Catherine 
an  oval  bust  portrait,  half  concealed  by  a  window-shutter,  hangs  upside 
down.  It  is  of  a  man,  with  closed  eyes,  wearing  a  cap,  who  is  probably  the 
murdered  Peter  III. 

Through  a  wide-open  window  (r.)  is  a  scene  in  England;  Fox  stands, 
surrounded  by  three  friends,  debating  whether  to  go  to  Russia;  he  says, 
How  shall  I  determine.  Sheridan  says,  Go  over — your  Fortune  is  made — she 
has  certainly  heard  of  your  Fine  Parts.  The  Prince  of  Wales  says,  Who  knows 
hut  she  may  make  an  Emperor  of  you  at  least  take  you  in  keeping  (an  allusion 
to  Fox's  relations  with  Mrs.  Robinson,  cf.  No.  61 17,  and  Mrs.  Armistead, 
cf.  No.  7370).  A  small  man,  probably  Grey,  says,  F II  pay  your  passage  and 
lend  you  a  clean  Shirt.  Britannia  sits  in  the  background,  saying,  /  can 
spare  him. 

Catherine  II,  who  had  long  had  an  almost  romantic  admiration  for  Fox, 
wrote  to  the  Russian  Ambassador  in  London  to  order  a  bust  of  Fox,  to  be 
placed  between  those  of  Cicero  and  Demosthenes,  on  account  of  his  opposi- 
tion to  the  Russian  Armament,  see  No.  7840,  &c.  The  inscription:  *I1  a 
delivre,  par  son  eloquence,  sa  patrie  et  la  Russie,  d'une  guerre,  a  laquelle 
il  n'y  avoit  ni  justice,  ni  raison.'  Malmesbury  Correspondence,  i.  325  n. 
London  Chronicle^  11  Aug.   1791.    Moore,  Memoirs  of  Sheridan^  1825, 

476- 

The  bust  (by  Nollekens)  was  the  subject  of  many  squibs  and  epigrams 
in  The  Worlds  between  12  Aug.  and  24  Sept.  1791.   See  Nos.  7901,  8067, 
8072. 
TieXioftin. 

7903  THE  RECRUITING  OFFICER,  OR,  A  MATRIMONIAL  TRIP 
TO  THE  CONTINET  [sic] 

[Dent.] 

Puh  by  W  Dent  Sept  27  lygi 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  betrothal  of  the  Duke  of  York  to  Princess 
Frederica,  the  eldest  daughter  of  Frederick  William  II  of  Prussia.  The 
Duke,  out  at  elbows,  kneels  at  the  feet  of  the  princess  (r.) ;  her  father,  wear- 
ing his  crown  and  robes,  and  holding  a  paper  inscribed  Silesia,  stands 
behind  the  Duke,  introducing  him  to  his  daughter:  Child,  he's  a  Soldier- — 
a  man  of  Honour — and  Plays  most  delightfully  with  Balls.  From  the  Duke's 
pocket  protrudes  a  book:  Game  of  Tennis;  he  kisses  an  object  which  the 
Princess  holds  out  to  him,  inscribed:  200000,  and  says.  This  will  encourage 
me  to  make  the  Balls  rebound,  and  play  Mynheer  ten  thousand  for  the  first. 
The  Princess  wears  a  spiky  crown  and  ermine-trimmed  dress ;  three  large 
pockets  hang  at  her  waist.  Behind  (r.)  a  similar  Princess  on  a  smaller  scale 
stands  taking  the  hands  of  a  short  and  ugly  Dutchman,  with  a  frog-like 
profile,  who  looks  up  in  her  face,  saying.  We'll  play  them  the  Rubber  for 
what  they  will. 

Behind  the  King  of  Prussia  (1.)  stands  Hymen,  a  small  nude  figure  with 
wings,  beating  a  drum  inscribed:  Marriage  Alliances.  He  says.  Hither  come 
to  my  drum!  It  *s  best  to  secure  an  Ally  for  when  Bouncing  wont  do  we  may 
be  oblidged  to  Fight.  On  the  extreme  1.  stands  Queen  Charlotte  in  profile, 
saying.  Lady  now  you  turn  to  my  Boy's  Tattoo,  you  have  a  rare  Jewel  or  two 
set  in  a  precious  hair  pin  made  with  such  pure  mettle  that  the  more  you  rub  it 
the  better  you  will  like  it.   Behind,  George  III  kneels  in  profile  to  the  1., 

817  3G 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

blowing  with  a  bellows  at  a  fire  on  a  small  rectangular  altar,  inscribed: 
Royal  Alter.  He  says:  Hymen  invites  ye,  with  sports  to  delight  ye!  why,  why,  this 
is  a  prudent  choice,  for  she  is  rich,  and  by  fixing  in  Foreign  Parts  I  save  the 
expence  of  a  Wedding  Dinner — what  what  an  expence  love  fuel  is  but  Fll  keep 
it  in  tho*  it  cost  me  five  Shillings  for  it's  time  some  more  of  my  Children  were 
tied  up  from  running  loose  about  here,  there  and  every  where. 

The  marriage  was  celebrated  at  Berlin  on  29  Sept.  1791  and  at  Bucking- 
ham House  on  23  Nov.  1791.  The  Duke  was  deeply  in  debt  and,  on  his 
marriage,  his  income  was  increased  by  Parliament  and  by  the  King,  the 
bride's  portion  being  considered  large.  He  was  *a  great  but  unsuccessful 
tennis-player  .  .  .'.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  75  (i  May  1791).  The  second 
princess  is  the  younger  daughter,  Wilhelmina,  whom  the  Hereditary  Prince 
of  Orange  was  reported  in  the  English  papers  to  be  courting  while  the 
Duke  was  paying  his  addresses  to  Frederica.  London  Chronicle,  1  Aug. 
1791.  See  also  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.,  Dropmore  Papers,  ii.  133.  Hymen's 
words  are  an  allusion  to  the  policy  of  the  Triple  Alliance  in  relation  to 
Russia,  see  No.  7841,  &c.  One  of  many  satires  on  the  parsimony  of  the 
King,  see  No.  7836,  &c.  For  the  marriage,  dowry,  &c.,  see  Hist.  MSS. 
Comm.,  Dropmore  Papers,  iii.  452-8;  Cornwallis  Corr.,  ii.  160,  168-9,  ^^^ 
Nos.  7905,  7914,  7916,  7917,  &c.,  7920, 7927, 7931,  7935, 7938,  8057,  8062. 

9iiXi3f  in. 

7904  GOOD  NEWS  FROM  MADRAS. 

[?H.  W.] 

[  ?  Sept.Y  lygi  by  W  Holland  N^  50  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7939. 
Britannia,  with  Pitt  and  Dundas,  regards  a  fort  (r.)  from  which  flies  a 
British  flag.  Before  the  fort  stands  an  Indian  potentate  in  chains ;  he  turns 
his  head  in  profile  to  the  1.  to  scowl  at  Britannia.  Britannia  is  seated,  on 
her  r.  stands  Pitt,  on  her  1.  Dundas.  Behind  Pitt  (1.)  is  a  military  officer, 
evidently  Cornwallis,  resting  his  hand  on  his  sword  and  looking  down  at 
a  kneeling  Indian  woman  (1.)  who  holds  out  a  scroll :  Chart  of  India  and 
Deccan.  In  the  foreground  on  the  extreme  1.  'the  patriot'  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.  holding  a  pen.  In  the  background  is  the  sea.  On  the  design  (r.) 
is  etched : 

The  Patriots  eye  in  a  fine  phrensy  rolling. 

Doth  glance  from  Heaven  to  Hell,  from  Hell  to  Heaven! 

And  as  imagination  bodies  forth  the  forms  of  things  unknown 

The  Patriot's  pen  tur?is  them  to  shapes,  and  gives 

To  airy  nothing  a  local  habitation  and  a  name. 

Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  Britannia  triumphant;  Tyranny  punished; 
arid  the  peaceable  possession  of  Indian  secured  to  Great  Britain  for  ever! 

A  satire  on  exaggerated  reports  of  a  British  victory  (cf.  No.  8090,  &c.). 
News  of  the  storming  of  Bangalore  by  Cornwallis  on  21  March  reached 
London  on  4  Sept.  1791.  Tipu  Sultan  was  defeated  but  not  captured. 
London  Chronicle,  6  Sept.  1791.  Camb.  Hist,  of  India,  v.  336.  The  war 
with  Tipu  and  its  conduct  was  attacked  by  the  Opposition,  to  the  astonished 
indignation  of  Cornwallis.  Cornwallis  Corr.  ii.  116,  125,  &c.  Cf.  Lt.-Gen. 
Grant,  M.P.,  to  Cornwallis,  3  March  1791 :  'The  House  of  Commons  at 

'  Part  of  date  cut  off. 
818 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

present  puts  me  a  little  in  mind  of  the  American  War.  Tippoo  has  not  such 
powerful  and  numerous  supporters  as  Jonathan  had,  but  if  the  devil  was 
to  appear  in  the  figure  of  an  Asiatick  Prince,  and  disturb  the  peace  of  the 
British  Government,  he  would  find  some  friends  in  this  country.  .  .  .' 
Ibid.,  ii.  III.   Cf.  No.  7928,  &c. 

I2|X  12 J  in.  (clipped). 

7905  A  VISIT  TO  THE  FARM-HOUSE. 
IC  [Cruikshank.] 

Loud:  Pub  Oct'  i  lygi  hy  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Between  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  the  Duke  of  York  trips  the 
tiny  Duchess  of  York,  holding  a  hand  of  each,  her  arms  raised  in  order  to 
do  so.  Behind  the  three  stands  a  colossal  man  in  Highland  dress  wearing 
a  plaid,  sporran  (with  the  Prince  of  Wales  feathers  as  a  crest),  and  feathered 
cap.  The  Prince  (1.),  who  is  in  civilian  dress,  wearing  a  round  high-crowned 
hat,  says.  My  Dear  little  Sister  when  you  are  tired  Big  Sam  shall  carry  you! 
The  Duke,  handsome  in  regimentals,  turns  to  her,  saying,  come  my  Love 
you  shall  see  Papa  driving  the  Pigs  &  Mama  Milking  the  Cows.  He  points  (r.) 
to  a  distant  scene,  where  the  King  in  hunting  dress  chases  two  galloping 
pigs  with  a  whip,  saying.  Pig  wont  go^  and  the  Queen  is  milking  a  cow. 

For  the  marriage  of  the  Duke  of  York,  see  No.  7903,  &c.  For  the  King 
and  Queen  as  a  farmer  and  his  wife  see  No.  6918,  &c.  'Big  Sam',  or  'the 
Prince's  Highlander',  is  Samuel  McDonald,  porter  at  Carlton  House  from 
1791  to  1793.  His  height  was  6  ft.  10  in.  Kay,  i.  50-1  (portrait).  He  wore 
Highland  dress  for  the  first  time  at  the  Prince's  levee  on  14  March  1791. 
Bon  Ton  Magazine^  i.  39. 

14X10  in. 

7906  "AN  ANGEL,  GLIDING  ON  A  SUN-BEAM  INTO  PARA- 
DICE";Mz7fow. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Octr  iP^  1791^  by  H.  Humphrey  N  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Mrs.  Schwellenberg,  enormously  fat  and 
heavily  laden,  supported  by  small  wings,  floats  or  falls  head  foremost  down 
a  broad  slanting  ray,  which  extends  from  a  sun  with  a  crown  in  its  centre 
in  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  print  and  stretches  across  the  sea  to  a  castellated 
town  flying  a  flag  inscribed  Hanover.  Half  only  of  the  crown  and  sun  is 
visible.  Her  massive  legs  terminate  in  tiny  feet.  In  her  arms  are  two  large 
money-bags,  labelled  P*  Ann.  and  £1000000.  Her  bulging  pocket  hangs 
downwards,  a  rosary  and  cross  hanging  from  it.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

**Down  thither,  prone  in  flight, — Lo  Schwelly  speeds,  &  with  her  brings, 
the  Gems,  and  Spoils  of  Heav'n,'' 

Lord  Holland  (1773-1840)  notes  (MS.)  that  it  was  suspected  that  the 
Queen  transmitted  to  Germany  through  Mrs.  Schwellenberg  'the  money 
and  presents  which  she  obtained  in  England'.   See  No.  8095. 

Grego,  Gillray  (small  copy),  p.  137.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  386. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 

io|x8f  in.  (pL). 

819 


CATALOGUE    OF    PQLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7907  THE  FLATTERING  GLASS,  OR  NELL'S  MISTAKE. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Oct  28'^  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  small  room;  Mrs. 
Jordan  (r.)  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  delightedly  regarding  her  reflection 
in  an  oval  w^all-mirror.  She  vv^ears  feathers  in  her  hair,  elbov^^-sleeves,  and  a 
long  train;  the  mirror  reflects  a  non-existent  ducal  coronet;  the  frame  is 
ornamented  with  a  similar  coronet  and  the  letters  D.C.^  explained  by  a 
paper  which  lies  on  a  table :  In  Private  Rehearsal  The  Alchymist  Doll  Com- 
mon by  M^^  Jo[rdan].  She  says  Oh  Gemini!  is  that  gay,  fine  thing  me  if  it  is 
and  the  Glass  be  true^  I  am  no  less  than  my  Lady  Dutchess! 

On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  slightly  open  door,  showing  the  profile  of  the  Duke 
of  Clarence,  who  calls,  Nelly!  Nelly  come  here  and  Play  your  Part!  Oh! 
how  purely  she  does  it!  On  the  panels  of  the  door  are  two  pictures :  above, 
a  ship  in  full  sail,  inscribed,  The  Duke  Man  of  War.  Below,  the  Duke  (a 
tiny  figure)  seated  on  the  edge  of  a  stream,  fishing;  in  the  background  is 
a  house ;  inscription :  Neptune  Sporting  in  the  River  Jordan.  NB.  The  above 
River  is  not  at  present  Fordable  (an  allusion  to  Richard  Ford,  Mrs.  Jordan's 
former  lover,  see  No.  7835).  On  the  wall  by  the  door  is  a  placard:  Settle- 
ment Articles  of  Agreement  Provided  for  by  John  Bull.  Below  this  is 
a  large  cocked  hat  on  a  stool.  A  cat  peers  through  the  door  at  the  Duke ; 
it  urinates  on  a  (Garter)  star. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Dorothea  Jordan, 
see  No.  7835,  &c.  One  of  her  parts  was  Nell  in  Coffey's  The  Devil  to 
Pay^  see  No.  7908. 

6JxiOiVn. 

7908  THE  DEVIL  TO  PAY;— THE  WIFE  METAMORPHOS'D,  OR 
NEPTUNE  REPOSING,  AFTER  FORDING  the  JORDAN 

[Gillray.] 

Pub^  Ocr  24^  lygi  by  H  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  large  bed,  its  head  surmounted  with 
the  Royal  Arms  (sketchily  burlesqued),  and  with  loosely  draped  curtains, 
extends  almost  across  the  design.  In  it  the  Duke  of  Clarence  lies  asleep, 
Mrs.  Jordan  sits  up  with  a  rapt  air,  saying,  ^^  What  pleasant  Dreams  I  have 
**had  To-night!  methought  I  was  in  Paradise,  upon  a  bed  of  Violets  &  Roses y 
*'and  the  sweetest  Husband  by  my  side!  .  .  .  [&c.  &c.]  a  quotation  from 
Coffey's  play  The  Devil  to  pay:  or,  the  Wives  metamorphosed.  Nell  Jobson 
the  cobbler's  wife  finds  herself  (temporarily)  in  the  place  of  Sir  John's  lady. 
See  Baker,  Biog.  Dram.,  1812,  ii.  161.  On  a  chair  (I.)  are  the  Duke's  naval 
coat  and  a  pair  of  breeches;  on  a  stool  (r.)  a  petticoat  and  pair  of  stays. 
Under  the  bed  is  a  chamber-pot  inscribed  Public  Jord[an]  open  to  all  Parties. 
Beneath  the  design  verses  are  etched,  beginning : 

*'Ten  Thousand  Transports  wait 

*^To  crown  my  happy  State, 
and  ending, 

'' Then  Jobson,  now  adieu, 

''Thy  Cobbling  still  pursue, 

''For  hence  I  will  not,  cannot,  no,  nor  must  not  buckle  to. 
[Air  xiv  from  the  play.] 

820 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

One  of  many  satires  on  Mrs.  Jordan's  association  with  the  Duke  of 
Clarence,  see  No.  7835,  &c.  The  names  Ford  (Richard  Ford)  and  Jordan 
were  the  occasion  of  many  coarse  puns.  Nell  was  a  favourite  part  of 
Mrs.  Jordan's. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  134.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 
8|-xi3i|in. 

7909  LUBBER'S-HOLE,— ALIAS— THE  CRACK'D  JORDAN. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  r^  179I'  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  large  chamber-pot,  cracked,  stands  (1.) 
supported  by  the  legs  of  Mrs.  Jordan.  The  Duke  of  Clarence  has  thrust 
his  head  and  shoulders  within  a  fissure  in  the  'Jordan',  singing  a  chanty, 
Yeo!  Yee!  Yeo!  He  is  in  back  view  and  wears  striped  sailor's  trousers;  his 
naval  coat  with  its  star  hangs  on  the  wall  (r.).   See  No.  7835,  &c. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.^  1830.  Reproduced,  C.  E.  Jensen,  Karikatur  Alburn^ 
Copenhagen,  i.  151. 
10X81^6  in. 

7910  THE  POT  CALLING  THE  KETTLE  BLACK  A  [letters  obliter- 
ated] OR  TWO  OF  A  TRADE  CAN  NEVER  AGREE. 

[L  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  Nov''  3  lygi  hy  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  large, 
matronly,  and  dignified,  walks  (1.  to  r.),  with  hand  raised,  frowning  over 
her  r.  shoulder  at  Mrs.  Jordan  (1.),  small  and  hoydenish.  The  latter  stands 
in  the  attitude  of  Priscilla  in  The  Romp,  as  in  No.  6875,  leaning  towards 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  who  says :  Get  out  you  Strumpet  how  Dare  you  come  into 
my  presence!  what  do  you  think  Fd  keep  company  with  such  a  Pickle  as  yow 
pray  Sir  Keep  your  Creatures  out  of  my  sight.  Fm  an  honest  Woman  Ma^m. 
Mrs.  Jordan  answers:  /  Strumpet  ^  Creature^  Pickle^  What  if  you  have  as 

many  Thousands  as  I  have  hundreds  why  then,  yow  are  the  Greater  W 

Tho  once  I  was  a  Cobbler's  Wife  &c.  (an  allusion  to  her  part  of  Nell,  see 
No.  7908).  In  Mrs.  Fitzherbert's  hair  are  three  ostrich  feathers  with  a 
ribbon :  Ich  dien ;  a  cross  hangs  from  her  necklace.  A  large  miniature  of  the 
Duke  of  Clarence  hangs  from  Mrs.  Jordan's  neck  by  a  small  rope  or  cable. 
Behind  her  a  little  dog,  with  D^  Clare[nce]  on  its  collar,  turns  to  bark 
angrily  at  two  other  dogs.  On  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  crucifix  in  an  alcove  above 
a  holy-water  basin. 

On  the  extreme  r.  the  Prince  of  Wales  sits  impassively,  his  legs  crossed 
and  arms  folded;  the  Duke  of  Clarence  stands  beside  him,  hat  in  hand, 
saying,  Why  you  know  George^  we  leaped  the  Broom  as  well  as  yow^  [cf. 
No.  6928]  &  tho'  yow  Palavered  a  good  deal  to  Quiet  the  Lady's  Conscience 
why  I  did  it  with  less  Gammon  thats  all. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Mrs.  Jordan,  see 
No.  7835,  &c.  Mrs.  Jordan  played  Pickle  in  the  Spoil' d  Child  (first  played 
for  her  benefit  22  March  1790),  the  play  attributed  to  herself  and  to  Ford, 
but  probably  by  Bickerstaff.  Boaden,  Mrs.  Jordan,  i.  175.  Cf.  No.  7926,  &c. 
SJXHiiin. 

821 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7911  FORDING  THE  JORDAN. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  hy  J  Aitken  N'>  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields,  Nov"  5'*  1791. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duke  of  Clarence,  in  naval  uni- 
form, stands  immersed  to  the  waist  in  the  contents  of  a  large,  cracked, 
chamber-pot.  Mrs.  Jordan,  scantily  draped,  reclines  lasciviously,  as  if 
painted  on  the  pot,  on  one  edge  of  which  she  puts  her  hand.  He  says  /  shall 
be  lost  in  the  Jordan ;  she  says,  looking  up  at  him,  Where  should  a  wounded 
Tar  be  but  in  the  Cockpit?  The  pot  is  inscribed  loool  a  year  for  the  use  of 
the  Jordan. 

For  puns  on  Ford,  &c.,  in  connexion  with  Mrs.  Jordan  and  the  Duke  of 
Clarence,  see  No.  7835,  &c.  The  Duke  made  her  an  allowance  of  ;£i,ooo 
a  year.  D.N.B.,  s.v.  William  IV. 

1O2X9I  ^^' 

7912  THE  TAR  AND  THE  JORDAN!  [c,  Nov.  1791] 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  by  Ric¥  Newton y  Old  Bailey. 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  Clarence  runs  (r.  to  1.)  along  a  street,  one  cracked 
chamber-pot  on  his  head,  and  dragging  behind  him  another  which  is 
attached  to  his  waist  by  a  string.  Four  women  (r.)  jeer  at  him :  a  stout  bawd 
with  upraised  arms  and  three  more  fashionably  dressed  younger  women. 
The  Duke,  who  wears  his  star  and  sailor's  trousers,  says.  Why  what  a  rout 
is  here  about  a  damn'd  cracked  Bum-boat!  B — t  the  Jordan  I  wish  it  was 
at  the  bottom  of  the  deepest  Jakes  in  England.  A  dog  barks  at  him,  a  flock  of 
sheep  (1.)  flee  in  terror  towards  their  drover. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Mrs.  Jordan,  see  No. 
7835,  &c. 
8iixi3i«6in. 

7913  A  UNIFORM  WHIG. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub^  Nov''  i&^  lygi  by  H  Humphrey  N''  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Burke  stands  full  face,  frowning;  his  r. 
arm  rests  along  a  high  pedestal  inscribed  G.R  which  supports  a  bust  of 
George  III.  In  his  r.  hand  is  a  book:  Burke  on  the  French  Revolution.  His 
1.  arm  hangs  by  his  side,  in  his  1.  hand  are  the  staff"  and  cap  of  Liberty.  The 
r.  half  of  his  dress  is  whole,  the  coat  gold-laced,  the  pockets  brimming  over 
with  coins.  The  1.  half  is  ragged,  his  empty  pocket  hangs  inside  out.  The 
head  of  the  King,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wears  an  arrogant  frown.  In  the  back- 
ground is  a  mountain,  evidently  Parnassus,  crowned  with  a  windmill,  on 
one  sail  of  which  Fame  is  precariously  poised.  Trees  and  foliage  complete 
the  background.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

*^  I  preserve  consistency ,  by  varying  my  means  to  secure  the  unity  of  my  end.** 

Burkes  Reflections,  p  354 

(Quoted  (not  textually)  from  the  last  paragraph  of  the  Reflectiom.) 
Burke's  essential  consistency  is  now  generally  admitted.    One  of  many 

822 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

satires  in  which  his  quarrel  with  Fox  and  attitude  to  the  French  Revolution 
are  represented  as  self-seeking  apostasy,  see  No.  7866,  &c.  For  Burke's 
book,  see  No.  7675,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  134-5.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  70.    Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
ioJx6Jin.  (pi.). 

7914  THE  TRIUMPHAL  ENTRY  OF  100,000  (CROWNOS  OR  THE 
LUCKY  HIT  FOR  E-O  T-O  P-O  HO.  AND  ALL  THE  REST  OF 
THE  O'S. 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

Lond,  Pub  No  20  lygi  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  strip  design  burlesquing  the  entry  of 
the  Duke  and  Duchess  of  York  into  London ;  balustrades  in*  the  back- 
ground indicate  Westminster  Bridge.  The  pair  sit  arm  in  arm  on  the  back 
of  a  large  bull,  John  Bull;  the  Duchess  sits  behind  holding  the  animal's 
tail ;  she  says.  La  My  Love  how  Merry  dem  People  was  be  to  see  us,  oh  what 
good  natured  People  dey  are  What  Pretty  tings  dey  have  got.  He  answers, 
yes  My  Dear  it  is  their  Joy  to  see  YoUy  but  take  care  you  do  not  lose  your  Seat. 
She  sits  on  a  bag  inscribed  100.000  Crowns.  The  bull  snorts :  this  is  Another 
Load  on  my  Back.  In  front  of  the  bull,  and  on  the  extreme  r.,  three  negro 
soldiers  wearing  large  jewelled  turbans  dance,  one  with  cymbals,  the  other 
two  striking  large  tambourines.  One  says,  /  suppose  Massa  willflogg  one  of 
us  to  morrow  for  the  Amusement  of  fny  Lady.  (A  black  cymbal-player  was 
for  many  years  a  conspicuous  figure  in  the  Guards.  Grego,  Gillray,  p.  170, 
cf.  No.  81 16.) 

Behind  the  bull  a  short  drummer  plays  a  large  drum  with  a  marrow-bone 
and  a  birch-rod.  After  him  walks  a  lean  moustachioed  Prussian,  one  of  the 
Duchess's  servants;  he  turns  round  angrily  to  a  man  resembling  a  bailiff 
and  holding  a  club,  who  plunges  his  hands  into  the  foreigner's  coat-pocket. 
They  are  followed  by  the  Duke's  butcher  and  tailor  holding  long  bills,  and 
looking  delighted  at  the  prospect  of  payment.  They  say  now  for  some  bit. 
A  Jew  (identified  as  Isaac  of  St.  James's)  says  now  we  shall  touch  de  Monies. 
Two  fashionably  dressed  men  on  the  extreme  1.  say,  we  shall  come  in  for 
some  stuff;  one  has  a  tennis-racket  under  his  arm  and  wears  an  overcoat  with 
many  capes  which  reaches  to  his  heels;  he  resembles  Tetherington,  see 
No.  7789.  The  other,  identified  as  Lord  Barrymore,  holds  a  dice-box. 

One  of  many  prints  on  the  marriage  of  the  Duke  of  York,  see  No. 
7903,  &c.  The  pair  arrived  in  London  on  19  Nov.,  escorted  by  a  party 
of  Guards.  It  was  announced  that  the  Duke  had  recently  sent  ^20,000  to 
be  divided  among  his  tradesmen.  London  Chronicle,  19  and  21  Nov.  For 
the  Duke's  debts,  see  No.  7850;  for  his  gaming,  see  No.  7301  (5);  for  his 
addiction  to  tennis,  cf.  No.  7903.  For  E.O.  see  No.  5928,  &c. 
7iX22f  in. 

7915  GOING  TO  MARKET. 

London  Pu¥  Nov''  21  1791.  by  W"'  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   George  III  as  a  farmer  drives  (r.  to  1.) 
a  two-wheeled  farm-cart;  the  Queen  sits  beside  him,  dressed  as  a  market- 
*  A  crown  is  depicted. 
823 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

woman  and  holding  a  large  basket  of  cocks  and  hens  on  her  lap ;  one  cock 
puts  his  head  across  the  King's  knee.  Behind  (r.)  ride  two  Lifeguardsmen 
with  drawn  sabres,  bunches  of  turnips  and  carrots  attached  to  their  saddles 
(as  in  No.  6946).  From  a  basket  hung  from  the  back  of  the  cart,  geese  hiss 
at  the  horses ;  the  snout  of  a  pig  also  appears.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  a  mile- 
stone :  III  Miles  to  Windsor^  and  on  the  r.  a  signpost  pointing  r.,  To  Windsor. 
The  King  says,  flourishing  his  whip :  The  Cock  is  very  troublesome^  Charley; 
shift  the  basket  about.  You  should  have  given  a  shilling  zvith  the  Bunch  of 
Turnips  to  the  Old  Soldier  you  relieved  just  now;  Turnips^  Charley  ^  are  very 
insipid  without  a  bit  of  Mutton — 

*^When  the  King  had  giv'n  a  pail  fully  and  the  Sheep  came  bleating  home; 
*^ Dolly  who  knew  it  would  be  healthful.  Went  a  walking  with  young  Tom: 
*^Hand  in  hand.  Sir,  o'er  the  land.  Sir,  As  they  walked  to  and  fro; 
*^Tom  made  jolly  love  to  Dolly y  But  was  answered  wo,  wo,  wo,  wo,  Tom,  no 
Tomy  no!  <Sfc" 

I  like  Tom  D'Urfey's  Songs  of  all  thingSy  Charley y  he  was  a  pleasant  Song 
Writer. 

The  Queen  answers.  No  Tom,  wo.  Tow,  wo  Tom  no!  Dolly  was  a  wise  girl, 
my  love. 

The  soldiers  both  sing  No,  Tomy  wo,  Tomy  wo,  Tomy  no! 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  King's  Windsor  farms,  see  No.  6918,  &c., 
and  on  the  Queen's  parsimony,  see  No.  7836,  &c.  During  his  illness  the 
King  showed  a  fondness  for  singing  songs  and  catches  (e.g.  i  Jan.  1789, 
he  sang  'I  made  love  to  Kate').  When  recovering,  he  sang  catches  and 
choruses  with  the  Queen  and  Princesses,  with  'more  of  the  jollity  of  an 
election  than  the  etiquette  of  a  Court'.  Diaries  of  R.  F.  Grevilky  1930, 
p.  205,  &c. 

Attributed  to  Gillray  by  Grego,  pp.  132-8. 

iifxi8in. 


7916  THE  SOLDIER'S  RETURN ;— OR— RARE  NEWS  FOR  OLD 
ENGLAND— 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  14*^  lygi.  by  H.  Humphrey  N^  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duke  of  York  and  his  bride  walk 
arm  in  arm,  in  the  manner  of  a  tramping  soldier  and  his  wife.  A  large 
bundle  on  his  back  is  inscribed  L.  300000 ;  he  uses  his  sabre  as  a  walking- 
stick.  She  is  pregnant,  and  carries  a  large  money-bag :  Pin  Money  £50000 
P*"  Ann^.  Behind  them  (1.)  in  the  distance  is  a  castle  with  a  flag  inscribed 
Berlin.  The  Duke  wears  regimentals  with  his  star;  the  Duchess  wears  a 
simple  straw  hat,  tilted  back  to  show  a  tiara.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 
**See  the  conquering  Hero  comes. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  marriage  of  the  Duke  of  York,  see  No.  7903, 
&c.  The  bride's  dowry  from  her  father  was  only  ;£i3,ooo,  'absolutely  a 
nothing'  in  comparison  with  the  Duke's  debts.  Cornwallis  Corr.  ii.  169. 
See  No.  7917. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  132.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  60.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830. 

9  JX  711  in. 

824 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7917  THE  INTRODUCTION. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov""  22^  179I'  by  H.  Humphrey  N°  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duke  of  York  leads  his  bride  to  the 
King  and  Queen,  who  are  seated  side  by  side  on  the  throne  (r.),  much  cari- 
catured, making  gestures  of  eager  greed.  The  King  looks  through  a  glass, 
the  Queen  holds  out  her  apron  to  catch  the  coins  which  the  Duchess  holds 
in  her  apron.  Behind  the  pair  on  the  extreme  1.  walks  a  gigantic  Prussian 
soldier  with  extravagantly  long  moustaches,  carrying  a  large  money-bag 
under  each  arm,  inscribed  £100000  and  £100  .  .  . 

The  belief  that  the  Princess's  dowry  was  large  was  mistaken,  see  Nos. 
7916,  7924,  7927,  &c.  Parliament  granted  the  Duke  an  additional  ^18,000 
a  year,  the  King  added  ,^12,000  a  year  from  the  civil  list;  he  was  also  given 
^7,000  a  year  on  the  Irish  establishment.  (He  also  had  the  revenues  of  the 
Bishopric  of  Osnaburgh.)  ;£8,ooo  a  year  was  settled  on  the  Duchess  in 
case  she  should  survive  the  Duke.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  1006  ff.  For  the  sup- 
posed avarice  of  the  King  and  Queen  see  No.  7836,  &c. 

The  introduction  of  the  Duchess  to  the  royal  family  (see  Nos.  7927, 793 1) 
is  the  subject  of  a  painting  by  Richard  Livesey,  engraved  by  J.  Murphy 
(pub.  E.  Walker,  1793);  pamphlet  (reproduction)  by  W.  Roberts,  1922; 
Cat.  Engr.  Br.  Portraits^  v.  37. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  132.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  61.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830. 
9Sxi3jin.(pl.). 

7918  HOW  TO  ESCAPE  WINNING. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Puhlisd  Nov''  22  lygi  hy  S.  W.  Fores  AT"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  partly  coloured  impressions).  A  companion  print 
to  No.  7919.  A  horse-race,  three  horses  gallop  (r.  to  1.),  one  a  neck  behind 
the  other;  the  horse  in  the  foreground  is  the  last,  his  legs  are  shackled  by 
a  buckled  Garter  ribbon  inscribed  Honi  soit  qui  mat.  The  jockey  rides  with 
his  whip  in  his  mouth,  he  is  pulling  the  horse  and  looks  out  of  the  corners 
of  his  eyes  at  the  Prince  of  Wales.  The  Prince,  in  riding-dress,  stands  (r.) 
looking  slyly  at  the  spectator,  his  1.  forefinger  to  his  nose,  his  r.  hand  point- 
ing towards  the  jockey.  Behind  (r.)  are  dismayed  and  enraged  spectators, 
on  foot  and  on  horseback. 

A  satire  on  the  Newmarket  sensation  of  Oct.  1791 :  on  20  Oct.  the 
Prince's  horse  Escape,  reputed  the  best  horse  on  the  turf,  was  beaten  by 
two  horses  of  inferior  reputation.  The  odds  therefore  changed  heavily 
against  him,  but  on  the  next  day  Escape  won.  The  Jockey  Club  decided 
that  if  the  Prince  did  not  dismiss  his  jockey  Chifney,  no  horses  should  be 
run  against  him.  The  Prince,  it  is  said,  then  gave  up  the  Turf,  but  allowed 
Chifney  £200  a  year.  Chifney,  Genius  Genuine y  1804,  pp.  67  ff.  Huish, 
Memoirs  of  George  IV j  1831,  i.  273-84;  he  exonerates  the  Prince,  but 
says  that  the  incident  damaged  his  reputation  as  a  man  of  honour  more 
than  any  other  event  of  his  life.   (The  Prince,  though  he  never  revisited 

825 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Newmarket,  did  not  give  up  the  Turf  (D.AT.B.),  but  had  temporarily  done 
so  in  1792.  Malmesbury,  Diaries  and  Corr.  ii.  450,  452-3.)  See  Nos.  7919, 
8071. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoriy  i.  297.   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cxl. 

9JXi4in. 

7919  HOW  TO  ESCAPE  LOSING. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Publ^  Nov'  22  lygi  by  S.  W.  Fores  iV*'  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7918:  the 
three  horses  race  in  the  opposite  direction ;  the  Prince's  horse  passes  the 
next  horse  by  a  neck,  the  third  is  well  behind.  The  Garter,  inscribed  Qu'en 
pensez  vous^  is  now  attached  only  to  the  horse's  fore-leg,  and  no  longer 
shackles  him.  But  heavy  weights  are  slung  on  the  horse  and  round  the 
neck  of  the  jockey,  Chifney,  who  looks  with  a  cunning  grimace  towards  the 
Prince,  who  stands  (r.)  full-face,  pointing  over  his  shoulder  towards  his 
horse.   In  the  distance  are  spectators  on  horse-back. 

A  satire  on  the  race  of  21  Oct.  179 1  which  the  Prince's  horse  Escape  won, 
over  a  longer  course  than  on  the  previous  day  and  carrying  a  heavier  weight. 
London  Chronicle,  28  Oct.  and  14  Nov.  1791.   See  Nos.  7918,  8071. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  297. 

9|Xi4in. 

7920  A  ROYAL  SALUTE 
IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  Nov'  24  lygi  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  levee :  the  Duke  of  York  ushers  various 
notabilities  towards  his  bride,  that  they  may  kiss  her.  The  short  Duchess 
stands  (r.)  under  a  canopy  and  on  a  dais,  on  a  circular  stool  which  shows 
her  tiny  feet.  She  is  about  to  kiss  the  Prince  of  Wales  who  towers  above 
her.  The  Duke  of  Clarence  stands  on  the  extreme  r.  behind  the  Duchess, 
scratching  his  head  with  a  perplexed  air,  and  saying,  IV s  odd  these  Lubbers 
wont  pay  this  respect  to  their  own  Countryzvomen,  my  Sweet  little  Pickle 
(Mrs.  Jordan,  see  No.  7835,  &c.).  The  Duke  of  York  stands  behind  the 
Prince,  saying  to  Pitt  and  Thurlow,  One  at  a  Time  Gentlemen  &  after  the 
Salute  ril  show  you  my  Wife's  Shoes:  the  Smallest  allowed  in  England.  Pitt 
says  Kissing  is  not  much  my  taste.  Whowever  for  once  III  comply  with  it. 
Thurlow  says  A  Curse  on  Ceremony  how  I  hate  it.  Next  come  Burke  and 
Fox;  Burke  says  Not  unlike  the  French  Queen,  but  Shorter  (cf.  No.  7675, 
&c.).  Fox  wipes  his  mouth  with  his  coat-tails,  turning  to  Sheridan  to  say. 
Your  Nose  Bardolph  [cf.  No.  7528]  may  Serve  her  the  office  of  a  Warming 
Pan,  but  approach  not  further,  least  you  may  Consume  the  Whole  Court. 
Sheridan  says  Charles,  you  may  rub  your  mouth  to  the  day  of  Judgment,  you'll 
never  get  it  clean  enough  for  a  Princess.  George  Hanger,  with  his  sleeve  to 
his  mouth,  says.  Hang  her  for  having  her  Levee  this  day  I  was  engaged  at 
Mendozas  [cf.  No.  7425] — F II  get  in  readiness  however. 

In  the  foreground  (1.)  Augustus  Barry,  with  twisted  legs,  and  wearing 
boots  with  enormous  spurs,  blows  his  nose  with  his  fingers  with  a  coarse 
oath.  Jeffrey  Dunstan,  taking  his  arm,  says,  my  Method  master  Cripplegate 
to  a  T.  Fingers  were  made  before  Hanker  chiefs.   Behind,  Lord  Barrymore, 

826 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    179I 

his  hair  cropped,  and  Wehje  face  each  other  in  profile,  saying,  A  Damned 
fine  Scene  this  won*  d  make  for  one  of  our  Pantomimes  at  Wargrave^  and,  Sans 
doubt  my  Lor.  you  be  de  first  Bafoon  in  England  I  your  Second — Ha — Ha — ya 
ya  Yough — .  On  the  extreme  1.  the  Duke  of  Bedford  says  to  the  Duke  of 
Queensberry:  Q^  dont  let  her  come  on  the  Blind  Side  of  you.  The  Duke 
answers,  No  by  Gad  my  Lord  not  for  the  whole  Bedford  Estate. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  marriage  of  the  Duke  of  York,  see  No.  7903, 
&c.   The  first  appearance  of  the  Duchess,  at  a  reception  at  Cumberland 
House  (when  the  Duchess  of  Cumberland  presented  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  to 
her),  is  described  in  Harcourt  Papers^  vi.  332  (misdated  1787). 
io|Xi9f  in. 

7921  GETTING  THE  LENGTH  OF  THE  DUCHESS'S  FOOT. 
IC  [Cruikshank.] 

Pub:  N  25  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Picaddilly 

Engraving.  The  tiny  Duchess  of  York  is  seated  on  a  chair  on  the  extreme 
r.,  wearing  an  undergarment:  her  shoes,  dress,  stays,  &c.,  are  being  tried 
on  by  women  of  fashion.  The  stout  Miss  Jefferies  sits  on  the  extreme  1., 
another  stout  lady  with  a  grotesquely  projecting  nose  supports  her  1.  leg 
and  tries  a  tiny  slipper  on  the  toe  of  her  foot,  saying,  why  Jeffy  Your  Great 
Toe  wont  go  in.  Miss  Jefferies,  who  holds  a  tiny  stocking  in  her  r.  hand, 
answers,  bant  You  could  Scarcely  get  your  Nose  in  by  God.  The  scraggy 
Lady  Cecilia  Johnston  stands  in  back  view,  turning  her  head  in  profile 
to  the  r. ;  she  has  thrust  her  arms  into  the  Duchess's  dress,  and  raises  her 
elbows  showing  how  tight  it  is,  saying,  A  little  Tightish  or  so  about  the  Arms. 
The  fat  Mrs.  Hobart  tries  on  the  Duchess's  stays,  holding  her  own  in  her 
1.  hand.  Another  stout  lady  who  holds  them  against  her  back,  says,  why 
Hubby  they  are  but  just  big  Enough  for  a  Stretigthening  Plaister.  The  other 
answers,  now  dont  Gamon  us,  showing  that  she  addresses  the  wife  of 
Richard  Gamon.  Lady  Archer,  holding  a  dice-box  and  resting  her  1.  hand 
on  a  card-table,  bends  towards  the  Duchess,  saying.  Come  my  little  Dear 
ril  Set  you  five  Shillings  against  your  Smock.  The  Duchess  answers.  You 
are  too  Arch  Ma'am,  I  dont  Understand  you  Fm  afraid  my  things  will  be 
Stretcht  till  they  Burst.  For  the  Duchess's  foot  see  No.  7930,  &c. 
9X14!  in. 

7922  FRYING  SPRATS,  Vide.  Royal  Supper 
[Gillray.] 

London,  Pu¥  Nov'  28^^  lygi,  by  H.  Humphrey  N''  18,  Old  Bond  Street. 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7923,  the 
prints  designed  to  be  placed  side  by  side.  The  Queen,  much  caricatured, 
sits  over  a  fire  in  profile  to  the  r.,  toasting  sprats  on  a  gridiron  (then  called 
a  saveall,  see  No.  6965);  a  plate  of  fish  stands  on  a  high  trivet  beside  her. 
She  wears  over-sleeves,  a  check  apron  over  an  under-petticoat  on  which 
hangs  a  pocket,  bulging  with  guineas,  but  patched.  Beneath  the  title  is 
etched : 

^^Ah!  such  a  pair  was  never  seen,^\  .  .  (see  No.  7923). 

One  of  many  attacks  on  the  King  and  Queen  for  miserliness,  in  which, 
as  usual,  the  Queen  is  the  more  severely  treated.  See  No.  7836,  &c. 

827 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  133-4  (small  copy).   Wright  and  Evans,  No.  66. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 
6 A  X  4f  i^-   With  border,  7J  X  5  J  in. 

7923  TOASTING  MUFFINS,  Vide  Royal  Breakfast 
[Gillray.] 

London,  Pu¥  Nov''  28^^  1791-  fy  H.  Humphrey,  N''  18  Old  Bond 
Street 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7922.  The 
King,  much  caricatured,  in  dressing-gown  and  nightcap,  sits  over  a  fire 
in  profile  to  the  1.  toasting  muffins,  the  muffin-dish  on  a  tripod  beside  him. 
His  stockings  are  ungartered,  the  Honi  soit  ribbon  hangs  loose.  On  the  fire 
is  a  large  kettle.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  (see  No.  7922)  .  .  .  "So  justly 
formed  to  meet  by  nature!''.  Cf.  Nos.  6603,  8078. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  133-4  (small  copy).    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  67. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
61^6  X4I  in.  With  border,  7jx  5^1  in. 

7924  A  VISIT  TO  THE  R L  COLE  PIT. 

[?  Nev^ton.] 

London  Pu¥  by  Ric¥  Newton  G'  Portland  S^  Nov''  30,  1791, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  strong  room  in  which 
many  large  money-bags  are  ranged  on  shelves.  The  Duchess  of  York  (r.), 
pretty  and  gracious,  approaches  the  King  and  Queen,  carrying  two  money- 
bags, and  saying.  My  husband  told  me  he'd  want  it  all  to  pay  his  Creditors, 
Consider,  Madam,  how  many  hearts  are  aching  this  moment,  perhaps,  thro* 
his  folly!  The  King  kneels  on  the  ground  holding  open  a  trap-door  reveal- 
ing a  cellar  in  which  appears  the  head  and  talons  of  a  demon  clutching  a 
money-bag  which  the  Queen,  also  kneeling,  hands  to  him.  Both  look  up 
at  the  Duchess ;  the  King  says.  Never  mind,  never  mind,  Fll  pay  'em  as  I 
paid  my  Father's  debts,  promise  cram,  the  rogues  as  long  as  I  live.  The  Queen 
says.  Never  mind  the  complants  of  these  English  People,  child,  they're  all  as 
rich  as  Jews.  Fve  an  agent  in  this  Pit,  will  get  you  ten  p'  Cent  for  your  money. 
The  two  money-bags  immediately  behind  her  head  are  inscribed  ^o  I.  Half- 
pence Milk  Money  and  150  I  Butter  Money  August  Accompt  (cf.  No.  6918, 
&c.).  Three  sacks  are  inscribed  100 — 000  P — r — ge  Money,  i$o — 000 
P — e  Money  and  J50 — \ooo  Irish  P — e  Money.  The  other  sacks  are 
inscribed  100,000,  20,000  Silver,  &c.  &c. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  King  and  Queen  as  miserly  hoarders,  cf. 
No.  7836.    For  the  marriage  portion  of  the  Duchess  of  York  see  No. 
7917,  &c.   The  King  is  alleged  to  sell  peerages.   Cole  is  a  slang  term  for 
money,  cf.  No.  6213. 
7JX13  in. 

7925  THE  ROYAL  SAILOR.  LITTLE  PICKLE.  [i  Dec.  1791] 
Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  322.  The  Duke  of  Clarence  (1.)  kneels 
beside  Mrs.  Jordan,  who  leans  against  him,  her  r.  arm  across  his  shoulder. 
He  holds  a  fan  before  her  uncovered  breast.  The  text  professes  to  describe 
the  manner  of  the  Duke's  courtship  of  Mrs.  Jordan.  See  No.  7835,  &c. 
5iX3iiin.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

828 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7926  THE  RIVAL  DUTCHESSES ;  OR,  THE  ROYAL  QUARTETTO 

[i  Dec.  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine^  i.  350.  The  Duchess  of  York  (r.),  seated, 
makes  a  gesture  of  dismissal  towards  Mrs.  Fitzherbert,  who  stands  (1.), 
large  and  florid,  with  towering  ostrich  feathers,  holding  out  her  petticoats 
as  if  about  to  curtsey.  Mrs.  Jordan  (r.)  stands  with  her  arms  folded,  an 
anchor  tattooed  on  her  breast;  a  negro  girl  in  the  background  also  curtsies. 
They  are  in  a  small  room,  with  H.L.  portraits  of  ( ?)  the  Duke  and  Duchess 
of  York  on  the  wall. 

In  the  text  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  is  described  as  unable  to  endure  the  'dis- 
tinctions of  honour  and  etiquette  .  .  .  daily  heaped  upon  a  younger  sister- 
in-law'.  Mrs.  Jordan's  'natural  vivacity  places  her  beyond  the  power  of 
misadventure'  (see  No.  7835,  &c.).  The  black  girl  is  Wouski,  alleged  to 
have  been  the  companion  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence  on  his  ship  (see  No. 
7260).   See  also  Nos.  7910,  8077,  81 13. 

5iX3iJin.  B.M.L.,P.C. 


7927  THE  FIRST  INTERVIEW  OR  THE  PRESENTATION  OF  THE 
PRUSIAN  PEARL 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Puh  December  i  lygi  hy  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  The  Duke  of  York,  surrounded  by  delighted  women,  holds  an 
open  box  in  which  stands  a  tiny  figure  representing  his  bride.  On  the 
inside  of  the  lid  is  a  double-headed  Prussian  eagle  and  13,000  &  Great 
Expectations.  He  advances  towards  the  throne  (r.),  where  the  King  and 
Queen  stand  on  their  chairs  in  their  eagerness ;  the  King  looks  through  a 
telescope,  the  Queen  holds  out  grasping  hands.  A  very  fat  woman  looking 
through  a  glass  at  the  'Pearl'  is  probably  Mrs.  Schwellenberg.  Behind  her 
are  two  ladies,  probably  princesses,  with  feathers  in  their  hair.  A  group 
of  women  on  the  extreme  1.  appears  equally  delighted :  a  lady  holds  up  a 
stout  child,  probably  the  Princess  Amelia  (aged  eight). 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  supposed  eagerness  of  the  King  and  Queen 
to  receive  a  wealthy  daughter-in-law,  see  No.  7917,  &c.  For  their  sup- 
posed avarice  see  No.  7836,  &c.  No.  7931  is  another  version  of  this 
subject. 

8i|xi3|in. 

7928  RARE   NEWS   FROM   INDIA,   OR,   THINGS   GOING   ON 
SWIMMINGLY  IN  THE  EAST. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Dec'  5'*  lygi 

Engraving.  British  soldiers  float  head  foremost  downhill  in  a  river  or  flood 
which  crosses  the  design  diagonally  from  r.  to  1.  and  derives  from  the 
copious  urination  of  a  prancing  horse :  Ttppoo's  Horse,  which  rears  in  the 
upper  r.  corner.  The  flood  is  inscribed  Heavy  R^ins  or  Monsoon  Tip!  Of 
The  soldiers  lie  on  their  backs,  some  holding  muskets;  one  holds  up  a 
Royal  Standard.  An  officer  with  drawn  sword  (1.),  in  the  lower  and  nearer 

829 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL   AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

part  of  the  flood,  says,  They  cant  call  the  being  driven  thus  a  defeat — its  only 
a  retreat  to  return  with  more  vigour — or,  why  not  a  compleat  Victory— for  they 
dont  follow  us — and  yet  we  are  nothing  the  better — and  as  Victors  it  was  a 
cursed  foolish  thing  to  leave  our  Provisions  behind — Indeed  our  Situation  is 
very  Serious.  Beside  the  stream  are  the  words  Current  Retreat  or  Zenophon 
Outdone.  A  signpost  points  (r.)  To  Seringapatam,  (1.  and  downwards)  To 
Bangalore.  In  a  tributary  stream  in  the  foreground  (r.)  are  the  floating 
heads  of  oxen  and  two  cannon. 

A  satire  on  the  news  from  India  pubHshed  in  the  London  newspapers 
on  30  Nov.  and  i  Dec.  CornwalHs,  after  the  capture  of  Bangalore  (see 
No.  7904),  threatened  Seringapatam,  but  was  forced  to  retreat  owing  to 
the  monsoon  and  the  failure  of  the  commissariat.  But  after  retiring  he  was 
joined  by  Punt  and  the  Mahratta  cavalry  and  a  great  campaign  was  planned 
for  the  ensuing  year;  in  Nov.  and  Dec.  he  reduced  the  supposedly  impreg- 
nable hill-forts  of  Nundydroog  and  Severndroog,  beginning  the  siege  of 
Seringapatam  on  5  Feb.  1792.  Camb.  Hist,  of  India,  v.  336-7;  CornwalHs 
Correspondence y  ii.  96  ff".  CornwalHs  (p.  116)  writes  bitterly  of  the  attitude 
of  the  Opposition  towards  the  war.  Cf.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  615-17.  See  also 
Nos.  7929,  7932,  7939,  8059,  8060,  8090. 

9iXi3jin. 

7929  THE  COMING-ON  OF  THE  MONSOONS ;— OR— THE  RE- 
TREAT FROM  SERINGAPATAM. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub'^  Dec'  6^*  lygi.  by  H.  Humphrey  N^  18,  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  CornwalHs,^  mounted  on  an  ass,  flees 
terror-stricken  from  a  fortess  (r.)  from  behind  the  battlements  of  which  the 
grinning  Tipu  Sultan,  holding  a  sabre,  urinates  a  devastating  stream  upon 
the  fleeing  British  soldiers  (r.).  Two  cannon  belch  fire  and  smoke  from 
loopholes.  CornwalHs,  wearing  his  Garter  star,  gallops  past  the  bodies  of 
dead  soldiers,  he  drops  his  sabre  and  his  reins,  holding  up  his  arms;  his 
hat  flies  off".  His  ass  is  muzzled  by  a  long  nose-bag.  Beneath  the  design  is 
etched:  ''Whats  the  matter  Falstaff'' — ''Whats  the  matter!  here  be  Four  of 
^*usy  have  taken  a  City  this  morning — where  is  it? — where  is  it?  where  is  it? 
"taken  from  us  it  is;  a  hundred  Thousand,  upon  poor  Four  of  us,  I  am  a 
*' rogue,  if  I  was  not  at  half -sword  with  a  Thousand  of  them  for  two  hours 
"together,  I  have  escaped  by  miracle,  I  am  eight  times  thrust  through  the 
"  doublet,  four  through  the  hose,  my  buckler  cut  through  &  through,  my  Sword 
"hacked  like  a  hand-saw,  I  never  dealt  better  since  I  was  a  man:  all  would 
"not  do! 

A  satire  on  the  retreat  of  CornwalHs  from  Seringapatam,  see  No.  7928,  &c. 
CornwaUis's  letter  of  16  May  to  Sir  Charles  Oakeley  {CornwalHs  Correspon- 
dence, ii.  91),  published  in  the  Gazette,  &c.,  2  Dec,  appears  to  be  satirized 
in  the  quotation  from  Henry  IV,  Part  I,  ii.  4. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 

8fXio|in.  (pL). 

*  It  has  been  suggested  that  he  is  William  Monson  (1760-1807),  then  serving 
under  CornwalHs,  but  as  a  captain  in  the  52nd  he  was  not  of  sufficient  note  in 
England  for  caricature  and  CornwaUis's  star  removes  all  doubt  of  his  identity. 
'Monsoon'  is  not  a  pun,  see  No.  7928. 

830 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

7930  THE  DUCHESS  BLUSH  OR  YORK  FLAME 
[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Dec''  6  lygi  by  S  Fores  N''  3  Piccadilly  London  Price  6^  Colored 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Above  is  a  ribbon,  the  central  part  of 
which  is  stiffened  by  a  spring,  described  as  VanhucheVs  Spring  Garter. 
Below  are  Two  Views  of  the  exact  Size  of  the  Duchess's  Shoe:  A  low- heeled 
shoe  with  a  pointed  toe,  decorated  with  jewels,  and  a  tracing  of  the  sole 
of  the  same  shoe,  which  is  5^  in.  long. 

For  the  small  foot  of  the  Duchess  of  York  see  Nos.  7921,  7933,  8055, 
8056,  8058.  Martin  van  Butchell  (1735-C.1812)  was  an  eccentric  and 
empiric,  who  after  successfully  practising  as  a  dentist  became  a  maker  of 
trusses,  &c.  Handbills  recommending  his  goods  (1788  and  1791)  are  in 
B.M.L.  806.  k.  1 5/1 39-41.  The  'spring  garter'  (305.  a  pair)  was  regarded 
as  the  embodiment  of  alluring  coquetry  and  fashion.  Cf.  The  Mirror^ 
I  Jan.  1780;  see  also  Nos.  7974,  8001. 
7i-X5f  in. 

7931  THE  FIRST  INTERVIEW  OR  THE  PRESENTATION  OF 
THE  PRUSIAN  PEARL 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Dec  10  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Another  version  of  No.  7927.  The 
Duke  of  York,  as  in  No.  7927  but  reversed,  holds  an  open  box  similarly 
inscribed ;  the  tiny  figure  is  a  more  life-like  rendering  of  the  Duchess.  He 
approaches  the  throne  (1.)  where  the  Queen  is  seated,  the  King  steps  for- 
ward, looking  through  an  eye-glass.  The  other  figures  are  the  fat  Mrs. 
Schwellenberg  (r.)  with  two  princesses  rather  in  the  background.  The 
gestures  and  expressions  of  all  show  pleased  surprise.  See  also  No.  7917. 
9|Xi2|  in. 

A  reduced  copy  (reversed)  with  French  inscriptions  is  called  La  Boite  a 
Pandore  and  is  applied  to  the  marriage  of  Louis  XVI  and  Marie  Antoinette. 
The  figure  is  Antoinette ;  the  box  is  inscribed  de  tons  les  maux  voila  le  pire. 
Words  have  been  put  into  the  mouths  of  all  the  figures,  who  are  con- 
jecturally  identified  as  Louis  XVI,  &c.,  the  Duke  of  York  becoming 
Kaunitz  or  Mercy.  De  Vinck,  No.  66.  Gower,  No.  472.  Copy  in  Jaime,  ii, 
PI.  195  G. 

7932  HOW  TO  GAIN  A  COMPLEAT  VICTORY,  AND  SAY,  YOU 
GOT  SAFE  OUT  OF  THE  ENEMYS  REACH 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pu^  Dec""  15  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N*"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Tipu  Sultan  (1.)  gallops 
(r.  to  1.)  past  Cornwallis  who  is  seated  in  an  ornate  chair  on  the  back  of 
an  ill-drawn  elephant.  Tipu,  rising  in  his  stirrups,  excretes  a  blast  which 
displaces  a  boy-mahout  on  the  elephant's  neck  and  strikes  Cornwallis.  He 
says,  Now  my  Lord  I'll  Tip  you  the  Swamps.  The  horse  excretes  a  blast 
directed  at  the  elephant's  eye.  The  elephant,  raising  its  trunk,  says,  /  zvish 
I  could  run  as  fast  as  he  how  i  would  thump  him.  Cornwallis,  with  his  sabre 
raised  above  his  head,  his  1.  fist  clenched,  says,  These  Monsoons  are  more 

831 


v.. 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Violent  than  ever  I  knew  them  before  Boy  turn  hack  again.  The  boy  says, 
Yes  my  Lord  I  am  going  backwards  P^  force.  Behind  ComwalHs's  seat  is  a 
box  inscribed  Rice  for  Gruel  during  the  Monsoon^.  Behind  Tipu  (1.)  is  a 
circular  fort  inscribed  Seringapatam. 

One  of  several  satires  on  Cornwallis's  retreat  from  Seringapatam  in  May, 
see  No.  7928,  &c. 
8Jxi3jin. 

7933  THE  YORK-MINUET. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec'  14^^  179I'  hy  H.  Humphrey  A^«  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duchess  of  York  (1.),  full  face, 
dances  a  minuet  v^ith  a  partner  whose  figure  and  profile  suggest  the  Prince 
of  Wales.  He  faces  her,  his  1.  forefinge'r  touching  her  1.  forefinger,  his  r. 
arm  outstretched,  holding  his  hat.  Her  dress  is  cut  very  low  and  she  dis- 
plays her  tiny  feet  (cf.  No.  7930,  &c.),  showing  her  leg  to  the  knee  in  a  way 
then  considered  immodest. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  132.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  62.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830.   Reproduced,  G.  Vuillot,  Hist,  of  Dancings  1898,  ii.  438. 
SiXiofin. 

♦ 

7934  THE  HUMBUG  OR  AN  ATTEMPT  AT  TRAGEDY,  WITH 
THE  JORDAN  [struck  through  and  replaced  by]  JORAM  UPSETT. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Dec''  20  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  The  stage  of  (Drury  Lane)  theatre,  showing  the  box  of  the 
Prince  of  Wales  (r.)  (the  stage-box  on  the  level  of  the  stage),  with  the  lower 
part  of  the  box  immediately  above  it.  Mrs.  Jordan,  sinking  back  as  if  faint- 
ing, is  supported  by  the  Duke  of  Clarence  who  kneels  (1.)  on  one  knee, 
offering  her  a  wine-glass.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  an  overturned  bottle  of 
Gin  spills  its  contents.  She  says,  turning  her  head  lanquidly  to  the  Duke, 
Indeed  I  was  [struck  through  and  replaced  by]  am  Indisposed  Upon  my 
Honor.  The  Duke  says.  My  poor  Dear  little  Pickle  Bl — t  the  Lubbers  I 
wish  I  had  them  Las¥fast  to  the  main  Rigging  Vdgive  them  a  Dozen  a  piece. 
Men  in  the  upper  box  look  fiercely  at  Mrs.  Jordan,  shouting,  Ojf — Off — 
Off — Off — Off.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  seated  in  his  box  with  a  complacent 
smile,  claps,  saying.  Never  mind  Brother  Fll  Clap  her. 

For  Mrs.  Jordan  and  the  Duke  of  Clarence  see  No.  7835,  &c.    Her 
liaison  and  frequent  absences  from  the  stage  sometimes  led  to  noisy 
demonstrations  in  the  theatre.  D.N.B.    Cf.  No.  7190. 
8-|Xi3jin. 

7935  THE  DUCHESS'S  FIRST  LEVEE. 

London  Pu¥  Decenf  ig,  lygi  by  Will""  Holland^  N"  50  Oxford  Street 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Duke  and  Duchess  of  York  (I.)  sit 
under  a  canopy  with  two  tall  Prussian  Death's  Head  hussars  with  drawn 

832 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

sabres  standing  behind  their  chairs.  The  King  stands  on  the  extreme  1., 
leaning  on  the  arm  of  the  Duchess's  chair.  All  the  other  persons  stand 
outside  the  edge  of  the  circular  carpet.  All,  men  and  women,  have  curling 
moustaches,  and  all  but  Thurlow  wear  Death's  Head  caps  resembling  those 
of  the  Prussian  soldiers,  the  men  wearing  the  dress  of  Prussian  hussars.  The 
King  says  to  the  Duchess,  Very  pretty  this  fashion  of  wearing  Whiskers!  very 
pretty  indeed!  We'll  have  'em  in  the  Pulpit ^  at  the  Bar^  and  on  the  Stage  and 
the  world  shall  venerate  the  dear  little  angelic  creature  that  introduced  'em. 
The  Queen,  taking  snuff,  says  to  one  of  the  Princesses,  /  am  no  judge,  childy 
but  I  think  they  wear  a  sign  of  courage  and  manhood!  The  Prince  of  Wales, 
the  most  prominent  figure,  in  hussar's  uniform  with  a  long  sabre,  says, 
They  say  the  love  of  Whiskers  originated  with  a  Queen  of  Navarre,  and  some 
squeamish  ladies  of  her  time  insisted  on  it  that  very  indecent  ideas  were  floating 
in  her  mind  when  the  sight  of  those  of  the  Sieur  de  Croise  threw  her  into  such 
extacy.  What's  your  opinion.  Mama?  Lady  Archer  says  to  Pitt:  My 
Whiskers  curl  as  naturally  as  the  hair  of  a  French  Lap  Dog.  Colonel  M*^  Brawn 
friz'd  em  up  for  me  this  morning.  Pitt  answers.  It  is  the  first  time,  my  dear 
Lady  Ar — her,  of  my  wearing  Whiskers,  and  upon  my  honor  I  think  Man  or 
Woman  nothing  without  'em.  Mrs.  Hobart  ( ?)  looks  in  silence  towards  Lady 
Mount  Edgcumbe  who  glares  at  her,  asking.  Do  I  look  like  a  Witch  upon 
a  Mount's  Edge  now?  (see  No.  7972).  Between  these  two  are  three  men: 
Fox  frowns,  saying.  Damn  the  fashion  I  hate  it  abominably  it  makes  a  man 
look  so  like  a  Jew!  Burke  stands  in  silence,  wearing  a  long  pigtail  queue. 
Behind  him  the  Duke  of  Clarence  says  Blow  me  out  of  the  water  if  ever  I 
saw  such  a  collection  of  Quizzes  in  my  life!  I  wish  little  Pickle  [Mrs.  Jordan] 
was  here.  The  Duke  of  Queensberry  and  Lady  Cecilia  Johnston  face  each 
other ;  he  says.  They  tell  me,  Lady  Cecilia,  I  look  like  the  renowned  Plenipo- 
tentiary! (Apparently  the  Turkish  Ambassador,  whose  establishment 
aroused  great  interest.  Parke,  Musical  Memoirs,  1830,  i.  130-1.  *The 
Plenipotentiary'  was  a  coarse  song  by  Morris,  cf.  Nos.  7182,  8012.  He  does 
not  appear  in  the  list  of  ambassadors  in  the  Court  Kalendar.)  She  answers, 
Pon  my  honor.  Old  Q,  you  look  monstrous  handsome!  Sheridan  stands  in 
silence,  the  Duke  of  Bedford  says  to  him.  This  is  but  an  old  fashion  revived 
Sherry,  almost  all  the  Portraits  in  Bedford  House  have  Whiskers.  I  beg  the 
Ladies  pardons  they  are  not  whisker' d  on  the  upper  lip.  On  the  extreme  r., 
Thurlow,  in  wig  and  gown,  says  to  Mrs.  Schwellenberg,  Is  n't  she  a 
nice  woman,  Swellbelly,  but,  blast  the  Whiskers,  they  spoil  her  bewitching 
smile. 

For  the  marriage  the  of  Duke  of  York  see  No.  7903,  &c. 
1516X23  in. 


7936    AN    EXCRESCENCE;— A    FUNGUS ;— ALIAS— A    TOAD- 
STOOL UPON  A  DUNG-HILL. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec'  20^  lygiy  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18,  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  head  of  Pitt,  gazing 
up  in  profile  to  the  r.,  is  travestied  as  a  fungus;  his  long  neck  represents 
the  stalk,  which  grows  out  of  a  crown  resting  on  a  dunghill  on  which  are 
three  satellite  toad-stools.  Clouds  and  landscape,  slightly  indicated,  form 
a  background. 

833  3H 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

One  of  many  satires  on  Pitt  as  an  arrogant  upstart  depending  upon  royal 
favour,  and  appropriating  the  powers  of  the  crown.   Cf.  No.  7478,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  135  (small  copy).   Wright  and  Evans,  No.  59.   Re- 
printed, G.W.G.y  1830.  Reproduced,  Fuchs,  p.  248. 
loJxSf  in. 

7937  WIERD-SISTERS;  MINISTERS  OF  DARKNESS;  MINIONS 
OF  THE  MOON." 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Dec  2f  lygi  by  H,  Humphrey  iV"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  burlesque  of  Fuseli's 
well-known  picture  illustrating  Macbeth^  i.  3.  The  three  witches  are 
Dundas,  Pitt,  and  Thurlow,  in  profile  to  the  r.  instead  of  to  the  1.  Fuseli's 
drapery  is  replaced  by  clouds,  and  the  three  gaze  with  reflective  and  appre- 
hensive intensity  at  the  moon  (r.) :  the  Queen's  smiling  profile  in  a  brightly 
lit  crescent  faces  them,  enclosing  the  old  moon,  the  darkened  head  of  the 
King,  with  closed  eyes  in  profile  to  the  r.  Each  witch  presses  the  fingers  of 
his  1.  hand  (drawn  with  much  expressiveness)  to  his  lips  ( — 'each  at  once 
her  choppy  finger  laying  upon  her  skinny  lips');  the  outstretched  1.  arm  of 
Fuseli's  picture  is  absent:  they  appear  to  be  seeking  knowledge  of  the 
future  from  the  moon,  not  foretelling  it.  Beneath  the  title  is  inscribed: 
"They  should  be  Women! — and  yet  their  beards  forbid  us  to  interpret, — that 
they  are  so."  Above  the  design:  To  H:  Fuzelli  Esq^  this  attempt  in  the 
Caricatur a- Sublime y  is  respectfully  dedicated. 

Wraxall  {Memoirs,  1884,  v.  291)  describes  the  print  as  appearing  during 
the  Regency  Crisis,  c.  Feb.  1789,  and  it  would  seem  to  illustrate  the  situa- 
tion at  that  time.  On  8  June  1791  Dundas  was  provisionally  appointed 
Home  Secretary,  the  appointment  being  confirmed  on  the  refusal  of  Com- 
wallis,  then  in  India,  to  accept  the  office.  Thurlow's  position  in  the  Cabinet 
was  anomalous  in  view  of  the  mutual  distrust  between  him  and  Pitt,  and 
in  May  1792  Pitt  secured  his  resignation,  see  No.  8097,  &c.  For  satires  on 
pictures  by  Fuseli  cf.  Nos.  7584,  7972. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  135  (small  copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  39.   Re- 
printed, G.W.G.,  1830. 
9X13  in. 

7938  THE  YORK-REVERENCE;— OR~CITY-LOYALTY,  AMPLY 
REWARDED. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub'^  Dec  27**  1791^  by  H,  Humphrey  N°  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  The  Duke  and  Duchess  of  York  receive  the  address  of  the  City 
on  their  marriage,  the  Mayor,  &c.,  being  represented  as  bulls  on  their  hind 
legs,  wearing  livery-gowns.  A  braying  ass  on  the  extreme  r.  reads  the 
City  Address  to  their  Royal  Highness  .  .  .  The  Duke  stands  on  the  edge  of 
the  dais,  making  an  extravagantly  low  bow,  looking  through  his  legs  away 
from  the  deputation ;  the  Duchess  on  his  r.  sinks  in  a  curtsey  so  low  that 
her  petticoats  take  the  form  of  a  circular  cushion  from  the  centre  of  which 
her  head  emerges.  Behind  them  (1.)  is  a  chair  of  State  surmounted  by  a 
crown. 

834 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1791 

The  City  address  was  presented  by  the  Mayor  (John  Hopkins),  Alder- 
men, &c.,  on  19  Dec,  being  read  by  the  Recorder  (Rose).  Gent.  Mag.  1791, 
ii.  ii54f.  That  'cits'  were  cuckolds  and  *horned  cattle'  was  an  ancient 
gibe.  For  the  marriage  see  No.  7903,  &c.  The  affability  of  the  Duchess 
attracted  comment:  *Her  civility  is  most  wonderful;  in  gestures  and 
expressions  she  quite  puts  herself  under  your  feet,  a  manner  that  seems 
most  thankful  even  for  being  looked  at.  I  .  .  .  find  it  is  the  Berlin  Ton  to 
be  so.'  Harcourt  Papers^  ed.  E.  W.  Harcourt,  vi.  332  (letter  of  Dec.  1791, 
misdated  1787). 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  132.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  63.  Reprinted,  G.PF.G., 
1830.   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxxv. 
9jXi3iiin. 

7939  GOOD  NEWS  FROM  MADRAS.  [?  December  1791] 

[?H.  W.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  7904.  A  well- 
dressed  man  (r.),  'the  patriot',  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  pen  in  hand, 
looking  up  at  a  scene  in  the  upper  part  of  the  design  representing  the 
triumph  of  Tipu  Sultan  over  the  British  in  India.  His  1.  hand  is  in  his  coat- 
pocket  and  beside  him  is  the  same  inscription  as  in  No.  7904,  beginning : 
The  Patriots  eye  in  a  fine  phrensy  r oiling y 

In  the  imaginary  scene  Tipu,  at  the  head  of  his  victorious  troops,  is  seated 
on  an  elephant  which  tramples  and  rends  British  soldiers.  He  receives  the 
sword  of  Cornwallis,  who  surrenders,  pointing  to  his  dejected  troops  (L). 
British  corpses,  broken  guns,  and  dead  oxen  strew  the  ground,  and  on  a 
rock  (r.)  is  a  castle  from  which  Tipu's  flag  floats  above  the  Union  Jack.  In 
the  background  is  the  sea.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  Lord  Cornwallis 
defeated^  Tippoo  Sultan  Triumphant,  and  the  British  Oppressors  extirpated 
from  India. 

Perhaps  a  satire  on  the  attitude  of  the  Opposition  to  the  third  Mysore 
War,  and  on  the  reports  of  deserters  which  were  circulated,  see  No.  7928, 
&c.   The  realistic  representation  of  a  British  defeat  must  have  been  more 
effective  than  the  (perhaps)  ironical  intention. 
i3ix  12J  in.  (clipped). 


835 


I79I 
PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

7940-52 

Series  of  Tete-a-tete  portraits. 

7940  N°  XXXV.  PENELOPE  PIGTAIL. 
N°XXXVL  THE  AMOROUS  GAUGER. 

Published  i^^  Jan.  lygi  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  531.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .\  An  account  of  the 
wife  of  a  tobacconist  and  an  exciseman.  He  came  to  gauge  the  tobacco  in 
her  husband's  shop,  she  tried  unsuccessfully  to  induce  him  to  falsify  the 
amounts.  She  then  arranged  to  be  found  with  him  in  a  compromising 
situation  by  her  husband.  An  action  for  crim.  con.  followed. 

An  account  of  the  case  of  Mason  v.  Rogers  in  the  King's  Bench,  in  which 
the  defence  (by  Erskine)  was  that  the  suit  was  a  plot  to  extort  money,  the 
woman  being  of  bad  character,  and  a  similar  extortion  having  been 
attempted  before.  The  plaintiff  received  405.  damages.  Town  and  Country 
Magazine y  xxii.  532-3. 
Ovals,  3|X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7941  N°  XXXVIII.  THE  ELOPING  NUN  OF  HAMPSTEAD. 
N°  XXXIX.  THE  BENEDICTINE  MONK. 

Published  20  Jan.  lygi  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxii.  579.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
'Father  Peter',  a  British  monk  in  a  French  monastery,  who  eloped  to 
England  with  an  Ursuline  nun  whose  confessor  he  had  been.  He  has 
become  chaplain  to  a  Catholic  family  in  Hampstead ;  the  nun  lives  near. 
Ovals,  3I X  2j  in.  P.P.  5442  b. 

7942  N°  II.  THE  FROLICKSOME  FANDANGO 
N°  III.  THE  CAPERING  KNIGHT. 

Publish' d  i'^  Feb.  lygi  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun"^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxiii.  25.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
'Sir'  John  Gallini,  see  No.  5887  and  D.N.B.  Though  possessing  a  fortune 
of  ,£300,000  he  is  said  to  allow  33J.  6d.  a  week  only  to  each  of  his  sons. 
The  lady  is  a  superlatively  beautiful  Spanish  dancer  whom  he  has  brought 
from  Spain. 
Ovals,  3jX 2i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7943  N°V.  THE  BELLE  OF  BENGAL. 
N°VI.  THE  PILFERING  PEER. 

Published  P^  Feb.  1791,  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  xxiii.  51.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.   An  account  of 

836 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    179I 

the  son  of  an  Irish  peer  with  a  courtesy  title,  the  degenerate  descendant 
of  a  family  of  heroes,  senators,  and  patriots.  He  has  married  a  rich  and 
beautiful  widow,  who  had  gone  to  India  to  acquire  a  rich  husband,  and 
was  widowed  within  a  fortnight.  She  calls  her  husband  'Pilfering'  because 
he  has  stolen  her  affections. 
Ovals,  3f  X2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7944  N°  VII.  THE  PLIANT  FAIR. 

N°  VIII.  THE  LEGAL  ADULTERER 

Published  i^  April,  lygi,  by  A.  Hamilton  JuvT  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine y  xxiii.  99.  Two  bust  portraits  in 
oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
Mrs.  Hodges,  nee  Aston,  who  was  separated  from  her  husband  under  a 
deed  in  1785.  When  she  became  pregnant  Hodges  brought  a  suit  for  crim. 
con.  against  the  Hon.  Charles  Wyndham,  'the  Legal  Adulterer*,  in  order 
that  the  child  should  not  inherit  his  fortune,  but  the  judge  ruled  the  action 
was  not  maintainable  since  the  husband  had  condoned  his  wife's  amours. 
Ovals,  3f  X  2j  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7945  N°  X.  THE  STOCKBROKER'S  THAIS. 
N°XI.  THE  DEFICIENT  DISCOUNTER. 

Published  r^  May,  lygiy  by  A,  Hamilton  Jun.  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxiii.  147.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  Quaker,  the  son  of  a  London  brewer,  a  partner  in  a  firm  of  discounters. 
He  is  now  opulent,  the  firm  is  now  extending  its  business,  though  formerly 
his  dissipation  threw  it  into  confusion,  when  he  managed  to  throw  the 
blame  on  his  partners.  He  married  a  descendant  of  'the  Apologist'  (Robert 
Barclay,  1648-90).  He  took  his  mistress  from  a  stockbroker;  for  persisting 
in  the  association  he  is  under  the  censorship  of  the  Quakers,  who  are 
expected  to  overlook  the  transgressions  of  a  wealthy  man. 

The  clues  suggest  John  Henton  Tritton,  grandson  of  a  Quaker  banker, 
whose  firm  failed  in  March  1782,  after  which  he  married  Mary  Barclay  and 
entered  Barclay's  Bank,  which  in  1791  was  Barclay  and  Tritton.   P.  W. 
Matthews,  History  of  Barclay's  Bank  Ltd.,  pp.  38-9. 
Ovals,  3 1 X  2  J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7946  N°XIII.  THE  SEDUCING  SYREN. 
N°XIV.  THE  MELTING  MUSICIAN. 

Published  P^  June  lygi,  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ^  xxiii.  195.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
an  Irish  singer  whose  voice  was  trained  at  Naples,  after  which  he  obtained 
an  engagement  at  one  of  the  royal  theatres  in  London.  The  lady,  though 
often  singing  with  him,  is  the  faithful  wife  of  her  husband.  They  are 
Michael  Kelly  and  Mrs.  Anna  Maria  Crouch. 

Ovals,  3iX  2|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

837 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7947  N°XVI.  THE  NEGLECTED  ELENOR. 
N°  XVII.  THE  BOUNTIFUL  BREWER. 

Published  i"^  July  lygiy  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun''  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.    Town  and  Country  Magazine y  xxiii.  243.   Two  bust  portraits 

in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 

the  liaison  between  *Elenor*,  separated  from  her  unfaithful  husband,  and 

the  son  of  an  eminent  brewer.   The  husband  brought  a  suit  against  the 

brewer. 

Ovals,  3iX2f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7948  N°XIX  THE  FAIR  NORTHERN  FUGITIVE. 
N°  XX.  THE  CONSERVATOR  OF  THE  PEACE. 

Published  i^  Aug.  lygi,  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxiii.  291.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  elderly  and  married,  who  induced  the  wife  of  his 
friend  to  elope  with  him.  Damages  of  ,£3,500  were  awarded. 

They  are  Mrs.  Morsom  and  a  Mr.  Clarke  who  eloped  from  Whitby, 
Bon  Ton  Magazine y  i.  123  if.,  where  there  is  a  plate  of  'The  Fair  Runaway 
and  the  Wooden  Magistrate'. 
Ovals,  3ix  2f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7949  N^XXII  THE  INCAUTIOUS  CELIA. 
N°  XXIII.  THE  AUXILIARY  LOVER. 

Published  i'^  Septr  ijgi  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun'  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxiii.  353.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .*.  An  account  of 
a  suit  for  crim.  con.  in  which  the  husband  was  awarded  £30  damages.  They 
are  Mrs.  Lovering  and  one  Sadler.  Trial  in  the  King's  Bench,  19  July  1792. 
Bon  Ton  Magazine y  i.  199. 
Ovals,  3i  X  2|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7950  N°  XV.  THE  CHARMING  CLEMENTINA. 
N°XVI.  THE  DYING^  SOLDIER. 

Published  r^  Octr  lygi.  by  A.  Hamilton  Jun\  Fleet  Street, 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxiii.  387.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of 
a  'Singing  Soldier'  from  Ireland  who  first  performed  in  London  in  Lionel 
and  Clarissa  at  Covent  Garden.  He  is  said  to  be  fascinated  by  the  daughters 
of  a  Bond  Street  wine  merchant.  He  is  John  Henry  Johnstone  (Irish 
Johnstone)  who  made  his  debut  at  Covent  Garden  as  Lionel  on  2  Oct. 
1783.  His  second  wife  was  Miss  Boulton,  the  daughter  of  a  wine  merchant. 

In  the  text  his  first  wife  is  said  to  have  been  'Miss  P r  whose  real  name 

was  I * ;  she  was  Miss  Poitier,  who  died  a  few  months  after  marriage. 

Ovals,  2f  X  2|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

*  An  engraver's  error  for  Singing. 

838 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    179I 

7951  XXVIII.  HELEN  OF  HAMSTEAD. 
XXIX.  THE  GALLANT  GENERAL. 

Published  i^  Nov^  ^79^^  ^  ^  Hamilton  Jurf  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxiii.  435.  Two  bust  portraits 
illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .'.  An  account  of  General 
Gunning,  old  and  infirm,  see  No.  7980,  &c.,  and  the  young  wife  of  a  rich 
army  clothier,  from  whom  he  borrowed  ^£2,000.  She  is  Mrs.  Duberly. 
Her  husband  brought  a  suit  of  crim.  con.  against  Gunning,  whom  Kenyon 
called  (22  Feb.  1792)  'this  hoary,  this  shameful,  this  detestable  lecher*. 
(Trial,  B.M.L.  518,  c.  17/4.) 

Ovals,  2|X2|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 


7952  XXXI.  DORINDA. 
XXXII.  LIONEL. 

Published  i'^  Dec^  lygi^by  A.  Hamilton  Jun^  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine ^  xxiii.  505.  Two  bust  portraits 
in  oval  frames  illustrate  'Histories  of  the  Tete-a-Tete  .  .  .\  An  account  of 
a  man  who  made  a  fortune  in  Bengal,  sent  for  his  niece  to  live  with  him, 
when  they  became  lovers.  They  were  detected  by  prying  eyes  and  com- 
mitted suicide.  This  suicide  appears  to  have  taken  place  in  an  East  India- 
man  on  a  passage  from  Madras,  but  accounts  of  it  do  not  give  names. 
Lond.  Chronicle^  8  Oct.  1792;  Bon  Ton  Magazine^  i.  311-12. 
Ovals,  2|  X  2|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 


7953  A  MUSICO-ORATORICAL  PORTRAIT. 

AN  ODDITY 

Attic  Miscellany. 

Annabal  Scratch  Fecit 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C^  March  J**  ijgi. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany ,  ii.  197.  Dibdin  stands  smiling 
beside  a  harpsichord  (1.)  directed  to  the  1.,  and  leaning  slightly  forward, 
1.  hand  extended.  In  his  r.  is  a  paper  inscribed  Oddities  Wags.  On  each 
side  of  the  harpsichord  is  a  tripod  supporting  a  lighted  candle-sconce.  He 
is  giving  a  musical  entertainment.  In  the  text  he  is  ridiculed  as  Petronius 
Broadgrin,  noted  for  consummate  effrontery,  and  he  is  recommended  the 
works  of  Joe  Miller  as  a  repertory  of  jokes.  Below  the  title :  Wags  have 
at  ye. 

Dibdin  engaged  the  Lyceum  for  his  two  successful  entertainments. 
Oddities  1788-9  and  The  Wags  1790,  at  which  he  sang  and  accompanied 
himself.  D.N.B.  and  Dibdin,  Professional  Life,  1803,  iii.  3  ff.  See  No. 
7420. 

5iX3-|in. 

The  plate  was  reissued,  Sept.  1794,  as  The  Music  Manufacturer^  with  the 
imprint  Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine  (B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448). 

839 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7954  DON  JACK. 
Theatrical  Portraiture  N^  8. 
Annahal  Scratch  Fecit 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  April  i'^  1791. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  236.  An  actor  stands  full  face,  his  head 
turned  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  r.  hand  holding  up  a  handkerchief,  his  1.  on 
the  hilt  of  his  sword.  He  wears  quasi-Elizabethan  dress,  with  a  feathered 
cocked  hat.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  To  the  right  about.  March! 

Probably  John  Palmer,  whom  he  resembles.    The  text  satirizes  (inter 
alia)  his  recitation  of  blank  verse,  'pausing  at  the  end  of  every  line'.   For 
this  series  see  Nos.  7712-7,  &c. 
5|X3iiin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

7955  DAMM^. 
Theatrical  Portraiture  N""  9. 
Annabal  Scratch  Fecit 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  May  i'^  1791. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  275.  Illustration  to  a  severe  criticism  on 
Parsons  for  over-acting,  instancing  his  (alleged)  exaggerated  gestures  in 
the  part  of  Sir  Fretful  Plagiary.  Parsons  (as  Sir  Fretful)  stands  full  face, 
r.  leg  raised  high  as  if  about  to  stamp,  his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  r. 
with  a  fierce  scowl,  his  hat  under  his  1.  arm,  his  1.  hand  pulling  at  his  cravat, 
his  r.  hand  extended  and  scattering  a  pinch  of  snuff. 

Parsons  was  the  first  Sir  Fretful  (one  of  his  great  parts)  in  Sheridan's 
Critic,  cf.  No.  6095.   See  also  No.  8182.  For  this  series  see  No.  7954,  &c. 

The  plate  was  reissued,  i  April  1794,  asM^P— — as  Sir  Fretful  Plagiary, 
with  the  imprint  Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 
8JX3|in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

7956  A  LEGAL  FAINT  i,e,  A  FEINT. 
Attic  Miscellafiy.  \  Legal  Portraiture  N""  3. 
[Annabal  Scratch] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  June  i'^  1791. 

Engraving.  From  the  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  314;  illustration  to  *The  Ora- 
torical Swooner',  an  account  of  Erskine's  eloquence,  and  his  practice  of 
appearing  overcome  'by  the  exquisite  sensibility  of  his  feelings'.  He  stands 
slim  and  elegant  in  wig  and  long  gown,  his  r.  hand  on  his  breast,  looking 
to  the  1.,  and  staggering  slightly  backwards. 

For  Erskine's  fainting  in  court  cf.  the  famous  parody  of  a  speech  by 
Erskine,  which  lasted  'little  less  than  three  hours,  allowing  for  about  three 
quarters  of  an  hour  which  were  occupied  by  successive  fits  of  fainting 
between  the  principal  subdivisions  of  his  discourse'.  Anti-Jacobin,  No.  4, 
4  Dec.  1797.  For  this  series  see  Nos.  7718,  7719. 

The  plate  was  reissued,  i  Nov.  1793,  in  The  Carlton  House  Magazine. 
5iiX3f  in. 

840 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    179I 

7957  THE  PEERLESS  SCRUB. 
Attic  Miscellany 

[Annabal  Scratch.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Locke  0(*  l^  179 1 ^ 

Engraving.  Lord  Barrymore  stands  directed  to  the  1.,  his  knees  bent,  r. 
hand  clutching  his  forehead,  1.  arm  hanging  tremulously.  He  has  short 
curly  hair,  wears  a  shirt  and  breeches,  his  stockings  are  ungartered,  and 
one  foot  is  without  a  shoe.  He  has  a  long  rat-like  tail  which  is  between 
his  legs.  One  of  many  satires  on  Barrymore,  who  was  noted  in  the  part  of 
Scrub  in  Farquhar's  Beaux  Stratagem^  see  No.  7993,  &c. 

This  plate  was  reissued,  i  Nov.  1795,  with  the  same  title,  imprint  erased, 
in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine^  iv.  319.  He  is  described  as  *a  man  of  rank 
who  appears  to  advantage  on  his  own  provincial  stage  [Wargrave],  but  on 
the  stage  of  life  we  are  inclined  to  address  him  with  ...  off !  off !'  Barrymore 
was  accidentally  killed,  6  March  1793.  Copy  in  Hibernian  Magazine  ^ 
1795,  ii.  289. 

5i6X3|in. 

7958  THE  RUFFIAN  DUKE.  \c.  1791] 
Attic  Miscellany. 

Annabal  Scratch  fecit 

Engraving.  A  young  man  in  profile  to  the  r.,  with  a  knotted  bludgeon 
under  his  arm,  holds  a  fierce  mastiff  by  the  collar.  This  collar,  being 
inscribed  Hamil[ton\y  shows  that  the  duke  is  Douglas,  8th  Duke  (1756-95), 
Duke  of  Brandon  in  the  English  peerage.  He  has  cropped  hair  and  wears 
the  dress  of  the  young  blood  of  179 1,  see  No.  8040,  &c.,  with  the  star  of 
the  Thistle.   See  No.  8175. 

The  plate  was  reissued,  i  March  1794,  as  Tyger  and  his  Master ,  with  the 
imprint  Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine  (iii.  7). 
5fX3fin. 

7959  THE  PUGILISTIC  PUPPY.  THE  COMPLYING  PUPPIESS. 

[i  May  1791] 
JB 

Engraving.  From  the  Bon  Ton  Magazine ,  i.  43.  A  young  man  (1.)  and  a 
young  woman  (r.)  box  with  each  other;  both  wear  boxing-gloves.  Behind 
(r.)  are  the  curtains  of  a  bed. 

Illustration  to  an  article  on  *Sir  Thomas  Cadwallader'  of  Wales,  one  of 
the  best  amateur  boxers  of  England,  and  his  mistress,  with  whom  he  boxes. 
5fX4iin. 

7960  THE  AMOROUS  MARGRAVE  AND  THE  TITLED  WAN- 
DERER [i  Sept.  1791] 

Engraving.  From  the  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  203.  The  Margrave  of 
Brandenburg  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  grasping  the  wrist  of  Lady  Craven. 

^  There  are  only  two  volumes  of  the  Attic  Miscellany  in  the  B.M.L.,  the  second 
ending  in  July  1791 ;  some  at  least  of  the  plates,  however,  were  issued  separately. 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

He  wears  a  hat  and  a  long  pigtail  queue,  with  a  laced  coat  and  star.  She 
wears  a  turban  and  a  simple  dress  tied  at  the  waist  with  a  ribbon.  Their 
attitudes  and  expressions  are  those  of  lovers  meeting  after  a  separation,  and 
the  print  may  be  intended  to  represent  her  visit  to  Anspach  after  the 
publication  (1789)  of  her  book  of  traveller's  letters  addressed  to  the  Mar- 
grave, see  No.  7569. 

5iX3f  in. 

7961  MODERN  CROPS  IMPORTANTLY  EMPLOYED. 

[i  Nov.  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine y  i.  310.  The  interior  of  a  milliner's  shop. 
A  young  milliner  adjusts  the  neckcloth  of  a  man  who  half-sits  on  the 
counter,  leaning  forward  to  chuck  her  under  the  chin.  Another  man 
lounges  on  a  stool  while  a  milliner  holds  an  oval  mirror  which  reflects  his 
head.  Both  men  are  dressed  in  the  manner  of  'crops',  see  No.  8040,  &c., 
and  hold  bludgeons;  one  wears  low  shoes,  the  other  half-boots  with 
enormous  spurs.  Through  the  open  door  is  seen  a  street :  a  woman  passes 
holding  out  a  broadside :  The  trial  of  a  Hanging  .  .  .  Cull  (cf.  No.  8039). 
Gloves,  caps,  a  hat  hang  in  the  window. 

One  'crop'  is  a  young  baronet,  son  of  a  brewer,  an  ensign  in  the  first 
Foot  Guards,^  the  other  is  a  peer,  known  at  Brighton,  and  is  probably 
Lord  Barrymore,  who  was  the  'crop'  par  excellence,  see  No.  7998,  &c. 
For  the  milliner's  shop  as  a  place  for  flirtation  cf.  No.  4594. 

six 315  in.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

7962  THE  TEARS  OF  METHODISM.  [i  Sept.  1791] 

Engraving.  Town  and  Country  Magazine^  xxiii.  344.  A  woman  wearing 
robes  resembling  those  of  a  nun,  with  sandals  and  a  hooded  cloak,  sits  in 
a  Gothic  building  resembling  a  church  clasping  her  hands  and  turning  up 
her  eyes.  On  a  table  beside  her  are  a  skull,  books,  and  writing  materials. 
The  design  is  surrounded  by  a  frame.  Illustration  to  an  article  on  the 
'hypocritical  preachers'  who  prescribe  faith  only,  regardless  of  good  works. 
They  are  to  mourn  for  the  death  of  their  'well-meaning  misguided  countess'. 

Selina  Lady  Huntingdon  died  17  June  1791. 
6x  3  J  in,  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5442  b. 

7963  THE  VICAR  OF  BOND  STREET 

Pu¥  by  H  Humphry s  Bond  S^  April  9'*  J  79  J. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  plainly  dressed  man  walks  in  profile 
to  the  r.  He  has  a  large  head,  thick  neck,  and  small,  ill-drawn  legs.  No 
background.   Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7977. 

'The  Rev.  Mr.  Newman,  Vicar  of  Bond  Street  ...  in  the  diocese  of 
John  Stockdale,  Bishop  of  Piccadilly'  is  mentioned  in  a  note  to  1.  79  of  the 
verse  satire,  Imperial  Epistle  to  Kien  Long  .  . .  1795,  by  T.  J.  Mathias.  This 
would  seem  to  imply  a  pamphleteer. 

6iX4iin.(pl.). 

»  No  such  baronet  can  be  traced  in  the  Army  List  for  1791. 
842 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    179I 

7964  NAUTICUS. 
[Gillray.] 

London.    Pu¥  OciT  jj^*  lygi,  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond 
Street, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  oval  bust  portrait  (caricature)  of 
the  Duke  of  Clarence,  looking  to  the  r.,  staring  and  smiling.  His  hair  is 
shaggy  and  uncurled.  He  wears  a  large  round  hat,  and  naval  uniform  with 
his  star.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  ^^  Those  Lips  were  made  for  Kissing ^ 
LadiesT'  Cf.  the  satires  on  the  Duke  and  Mrs.  Jordan,  No.  7835,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray  (copy),  p.  134.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  477.  Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 

7965  A  MODERN  CHERUB.   Vide,  Peters 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  16^^  lygi  by  H.  Humphrey  N 18  Old  Bond  S^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  head  and  shoulders 
of  a  woman,  caricatured,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  singing  with  upturned  eyes, 
holding  up  a  paper  in  both  hands.  A  wing,  foreshortened,  and  very  freely 
sketched,  extends  diagonally  across  her  shoulder,  and  has  some  resemblance 
to  a  part  of  her  dress ;  her  hair  is  loosely  arranged,  but  its  contour  is  fashion- 
able ;  her  face  is  blotched  with  drink.  Clouds  and  a  ray  of  light  are  indi- 
cated in  the  background. 

Probably  a  satire  on  a  picture  by  Peters,  cf.  No.  8014. 
4|X3iin. 

7966  AT  CHURCH. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub^  Oct'  4^  lygi.  by  H.  Humphrey  N  i8  Old  Bond  Str 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  fat  Mrs.  Hobart 
(T.Q.L.)  sits  directed  to  the  1.,  fast  asleep,  her  mouth  open,  her  hands 
folded  at  her  waist.  Her  face  is  blotched  with  drink;  she  wears  a  small 
hat  from  the  back  of  which  hangs  a  veil.  A  companion  print  to  No.  7967. 
Grego,  Gillray f  p.  136. 

5i6X3i6in.(pl.). 

7967  AT  THE  OPERA. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub'^  Ocr  4^  lygi.  by  H.  Humphrey,  N°  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Lady  Cecilia  Johnston, 
a  thin  and  elderly  lady  (T.Q.L.)  much  caricatured,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  sits 
very  alert  and  erect,  her  arms  folded.  Her  hair  is  decorated  with  feathers 
and  ribbons.  Cf.  Gillray 's  S*  Cecilia,  No.  6104.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  7966. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  136. 
4jX3in.  (pi.). 

843 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7968  A  PETITE  MAITRESSE 
S.  R.  fecit 

Pu¥  Ocr^  2f^  lygi.  hy  H.  Humphrey,  N°  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  short  little  w^oman  stands  full  face,  her 
arms  in  a  shaggy  muff.  She  v^rears  a  high  hat  from  whose  brim  a  spotted 
veil  hangs  like  a  curtain  round  her  face.  Her  arms  and  shoulders  are 
curiously  ill-drawn.  Behind  her  is  a  little  dog  shaved  in  the  French  manner. 
In  the  background  is  a  street  corner,  with  houses  receding  in  perspective. 
In  spite  of  the  Revolution,  the  London  daily  papers  reported  the  fashions 
prevailing  in  Paris,  notably  a  fashion  (1791)  for  gauze  veils.  The  *deep- 
curtained  bonnet*,  a  fashion  'perfectly  republican'  as  levelling  all  distinc- 
tions, was  said  in  June  to  be  giving  way  to  the  *Gypsey  hat'.  Bon  Ton 
Magazine^  i.  120. 
6JXi5iin. 

7969  [CARICATURE  PORTRAIT] 
S  R  lygi. 

Pub  Aug  J5  lygi  hy  H  Humphrey  N 18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving.   A  man  seated  full  face  on  an  upright  chair,  1.  leg  thrust  for- 
ward, his  arms  folded,  holding  his  hat.  His  head,  turned  in  profile  to  the 
I.,  has  a  grotesque  expression  of  rage.  He  is  fashionably  dressed.  An  out- 
line sketch. 
5lX3f  in.  (pi.). 

7970  [CARICATURE  PORTRAIT.] 
S  R.  lygi. 

Pu¥  August  i^^  lygi,  hy  H.  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  An  elderly  man  seated  full  face  in  an  arm-chair,  looking  to  the 
r.  His  broad  face  is  wrinkled  and  puckered ;  his  feet  are  gouty,  one  gouty 
leg  rests  on  the  walking-stick  which  he  holds.  He  wears  an  old-fashioned 
coat  buttoned  to  the  neck.  An  outline  sketch. 
4|X3jin.  (pi.). 

7971  "PATIENCE  ON  A  MONUMENT." 

Engrav'd  from  a  Modern  Antique,  in  the  possession  of  the  General, 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Sepr  ig^^  lygi,  hy  H.  Humphrey.  N.  18.  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  design  simulates 
a  pyramidal  monument  in  bas  relief  against  a  stone  wall,  supported  on  short 
Corinthian  pilasters  between  which  is  an  inscription.  On  the  face  of  the 
pyramid  Lady  Cecilia  Johnston  (see  No.  5748),  is  seated  in  profile  to  the  r. 
on  a  round  close-stool.  She  is  thin  and  witch-like,  her  chin  is  supported 
by  her  1.  hand,  the  elbow  resting  on  her  knee.  In  her  r.  hand  is  a  torn 
paper  inscribed  Tranquility.  Behind  the  stool  stands  a  little  cupid  holding 

*  Written  over  'Sep"^'. 
844 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1791 

his  nose ;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  torch,  reversed.  On  the  ground  (r.)  are  bones 
and  two  skulls  which  gaze  at  Lady  Cecilia.   Beneath  is  the  inscription: 

"JSy  Patience y  minds  an  equal  temper  knoWy 

"Nor  swell  too  highy  nor  sink  too  low; 

"Patience  the  fiercest  grief  can  charmy 

"And  fate's  severest  rage  disarm: 

"Patience  can  soften  pain  to  ease, 

"And  make  despair  and  madness  please 

"This  the  divine  Cecilia  found y 

"And  to  her  Husbands  earSy  confind  the  sound. ^* 

Vide  S^  Cecilias  Day 
Gillray  had  travestied  the  lady  as  St.  Cecilia,  see  No.  6104.  Lady  Cecilia 
was  known  (ironically)  as  'the  divine',  see  No.  8158.  One  of  a  set  of  satires 
on  the  elderly  leaders  of  fashion  caricatured  in  No.  7218,  see  Nos.  7972-5. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830. 
iiix8J  in. 

7972  A  WITCH,  UPON  A  MOUNT'S  EDGE— Vide:  Fuzelli. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Oct'  if^  1791-  hy  H.  Humphrey  iV«  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lady  Mount-Edgcumbe  as  a  lean  and 
ragged  witch  sits  in  profile  to  the  r.  on  a  rocky  mound  overlooking  the  sea, 
her  seat  being  a  bundle  of  brooms.  She  supports  her  chin  and  nose  on 
her  r.  hand,  the  elbow  resting  on  her  knee.  Her  1.  arm  is  outstretched, 
pointing,  her  finger-nails  are  talons.  Her  hair  blows  out  behind  her  from 
a  bald  forehead,  and  is  on  fire,  the  smoke  rising  into  the  sky.  A  frog  at  her 
feet  (r.)  looks  up  at  her.  Behind  is  the  sea  with  ships  in  full  sail,  indicating 
the  view  from  Mount-Edgcumbe,  Plymouth. 

Cf.  No.  7971,  &c.  Lady  Mount-Edgcumbe 's  words  in  No.  7935  suggest 
that  Mrs.  Hobart  had  called  her  *A  witch . . .  [&c.]'.  A  travesty  of  a  picture 
by  Fuseli,  cf.  No.  7937. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  137.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  388.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.y 
1830. 
io|X7|in. 

7973  THE  FINISHING  TOUCH. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Sep'  2g^^  1791-  hy  .H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street— 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lady  Archer  sits  in  profile  to  the  r. 
before  her  dressing-table,  applying  rouge  to  her  cheek  with  a  brush.  Her 
notoriously  painted  cheek  is  blotched  with  drink.  She  is  dressed  for  driving, 
wearing  a  coat  of  masculine  cut,  and  a  skirt  which  is  short  enough  to  show 
stockings  above  laced  half-boots.  A  high-crowned  hat  trimmed  with 
feathers  is  poised  on  her  hair ;  on  her  vulture-like  nose  glasses  are  perched, 
her  profile  being  reflected  in  the  draped  mirror.  Through  an  open  window 
(1.)  appears  her  high  phaeton  (see  No.  7428,  &c.). 

Cf.  No.  7971,  &c.   Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  7974,  7975. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  136.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  383.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.y 
1830. 
9ix6i|in. 

845 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7974  LA    DERNIERE    RESSOURCE ;  —  OR  —  VAN-BUCHELLS 
GARTERS. 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  Octo'  3^  lygi,  by  H.  Humphrey  N  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  enormously  fat  Mrs.  Hobart  sits 
in  profile  to  the  1.  in  a  small  armchair,  her  r.  foot  on  a  stool,  her  leg  exposed. 
She  places  round  its  grotesque  girth  a  ribbon  garter,  the  central  part  of 
which  is  stiffened  by  a  spring.  Perched  on  her  hair  is  a  small  straw  hat 
with  a  high  silk  crown  from  which  a  veil  hangs  down  her  back.  On  the 
wall  behind  her  is  a  picture :  Nina^  a  small  thin  man  kneels  before  the  stout 
and  terrified  Nina  (who  believes  him  to  be  the  ghost  of  her  lover). 

Nina;  oTj  The  Madness  of  Love  is  a  two-act  play  translated  from  the 
French  by  George  Monck  Berkeley  in  1787  at  the  request  of  Mrs.  Hobart, 
to  whom  it  is  addressed.  For  Van  Butchell's  garters  see  No.  7930.  Mrs. 
Hobart's  'rural  breakfast'  at  her  villa  on  Ham  Common  on  18  June,  when 
her  garden  was  transformed  into  a  French  village  with  shops,  &c.,  had 
recently  given  her  an  added  notoriety.  Lond,  Chronicle ^  23  June  1791,  &c. 
Cf.  No.  7971,  &c.   Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  7973,  7975. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  136.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  384.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830  (described  as  the  Duchess  of  Gordon). 
ioiX7  in. 

7975  PATENT-BOLSTERS;— LE    MOY^N    D'ETRE    EN-BON- 
POINT. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Oct'  Jj'*  J79 J,  by  H.  Humphrey  N 18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Coloured  impression.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  stands  beside  a  dress- 
ing-table, her  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  at  her  reflection  in 
the  mirror.  She  wears  petticoat  and  stays,  with  a  tiara  inscribed  Ich  [dien] 
and  head-dress  of  three  ostrich  feathers  and  drapery.  She  is  very  buxom, 
with  conspicuously  large  breasts,  but  is  about  to  place  a  pad  or  frame 
across  her  bust  which  will  increase  her  enbonpoint.  Above  the  dressing- 
table  hangs  an  oval  bust-portrait  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  surmounted  by  a 
crown  and  ich.  dien. 

Cf.  No.  7099 ;  the  fashion  for  extremely  inflated  puffed  gauze  had,  how- 
ever, subsided.   Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  7973,  7974- 

Wright  and  Evans,  No.  385.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.^  1830. 
ioJX7in.  (pi.). 

7976  THE  MONSTER  BROKE  LOOSE— OR— A  PEEP  INTO  THE 
SHAKESPEARE  GALLERY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  2&^  lygi,  by  H  Humphry  N 18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Alderman  Boydell  (H.L.),  wearing  a 
bag- wig,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  slashing  with  a  knife  a  small  picture 
on  the  wall.  He  glares  furtively;  the  fingers  of  his  1.  hand  are  greedily 
crisped.    He  says:  There!  There! — There's  a  nice  gash! — there! — ah^  this 

846 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

will  be  a  glorious  subject  for  to  make  a  fuss  about  in  the  News-papers ; — a 
hundred  Guineas  reward^  will  make  a  fine  sound: — there!  there! — O,  there  will 
be  fine  talking  about  the  Gallery:  and  it  will  bring  in  a  rare  sight  of  Shillings 
for  seeing  of  the  cut  Pictures; — there! — &  there  again! — egad  there's  nothing 
like  having  a  good  headpiece! — here!! — here!! — there!  there! — and  then  these 
Small  pictures  won't  cost  a  great  deal  of  money  replacing; — indeed  one  would 
not  like  to  cut  a  large  one  to  pieces  for  the  sake  of  making  it  look  as  if  People 
envied  us;  no! — that  would  cost  rather  too  much;  &  my  pocket  begins — but 
mum! — thats  nothing  to  nobody — welly  none  can  blame  me  for  going  the  cheap-' 
est  way  to  work: — to^  keep  up  the  reputation  of  the  Gallery^-there!  there! 
there! — there!  there!  The  first  five  words  of  the  title  have  been  scored 
through  but  left  conspicuously  legible. 

For  Boy  dell  and  his  Shakespeare  Gallery  see  No.  7584.  Some  pictures 
having  been  cut,  a  malicious  report  was  started  that  he  had  done  it  to  excite 
public  sympathy.  Gillray  here  compares  him  to  the  Monster,  see  No. 
7648,  &c.,  adding  the  charge  of  vulgar  avarice,  as  in  No.  7584. 

Grego,  Gillray ^  p.   126  (small  copy).    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  382. 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
i3fX9iin. 

7977  THE  NEW  MAN  AFTER  GOD'S  OWN  HEART. 

Pub,  June  28,  1791.  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  W.L.  portrait  in  profile  to  the  r.  of  a 
man  gravely  inspecting  the  door  of  the  Mount  Coffee  house  through  an  eye- 
glass. Under  his  r.  arm  is  an  umbrella ;  he  holds  his  1.  glove  in  his  (gloved) 
r.  hand.  There  is  nothing  extravagant  about  his  dress,  though  he  wears 
the  fashionable  half-boots,  showing  striped  stockings.  Behind  him  is  a  post 
inscribed  Tol  de  rol  de  rol.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

And  it  came  to  pass  when  he  came  down  from  the  Mount ,  behold  the  skin 
of  his  face  shone. — Exod:  22^ — 

Identified  by  E.  Hawkins  as  Sir  Thomas  Stepney.  *Tom  Stepney*  was 
one  of  the  Carlton  House  set.   He  succeeded  his  brother  John  in  181 1  as 
9th  Bart.,  and  died  in  1825.   The  Mount  was  a  fashionable  coffee-house  in 
Lower  Grosvenor  Street.   Similar  in  manner  to  No.  7963. 
7i'sX5iin. 

7978  TRAVELLS  ELDEST  SON  IN  CONVERSATION  WITH  A 
CHEROKEE  CHIEF. 

/.  Kay  Del  et  Sculps  Published  as  the  Act  Directs  lygi 

Engraving.  Two  men  face  each  other  in  profile,  standing  on  a  grassy 
mound.  The  taller  (1.),  who  wears  a  laced  suit  and  sword  with  a  ruffled 
shirt,  is  James  Bruce,  the  Abyssinian  traveller  whose  Travels  to  Discover  the 
Source  of  the  Nile,  iy68-iyy3,  appeared  in  1790.  The  other  is  Williamson, 
an  Edinburgh  bookseller  and  tavern-keeper,  who  had  published  an  account 
of  his  adventures  in  America:  French  and  Indian  Cruelty  exemplified  in 
the  Life  of  Peter  Williamson^  1757,  &c.,  and  compiled  the  first  Edinburgh 
Directory  (1773).  Their  words  are  engraved  beneath  the  design: 
[J.  B.]  How  dare  you  approach  me  with  your  travells.  There  is  not  a  single 
*  Etched  over  'there',  erased  but  just  legible. 

847 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

word  of  them  true.  [P.  W.]  There  you  may  be  rights  and  altho  I  never  dined 
upon  the  Lion  or  eat  half  a  Cow  and  turned  the  rest  to  grass ^  yet  my  works  have 
been  of  more  use  to  mankind  than  yours  and  there  is  more  truth  in  one  page  of 
my  Edin^  directory  than  in  all  your  five  Volumes  4^.  So  when  you  talk  to  me 
dont  itnagine  yourself  at  the  Source  of  the  Nile! 

Bruce 's  travels  were  regarded  with  scepticism  until  confirmed  by  later 
travellers,  see  No.  5317.  Kay  is  supposed  to  have  seen  the  two  men  in 
conversation  at  the  Cross  of  Edinburgh ;  they  are  here  represented  standing 
on  a  hillock  whence  flows  the  chief  source  of  the  Nile. 

Collection,  No.  140.   Kay,  No.  LIX. 

8JX5|in.(pl.). 

7979  L JUCY  DANDLING  HIS  ANGELIC  CHILD. 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  Jany  2g.  lygi.  by  W.  Holland  N*"  50  Oxford  Street. 

In  Holland^ s  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  finest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe.  Admits'  i  ShiU 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Ducie  sits  on  a  chair  (r.)  in  profile 
to  the  1.  dandling  on  one  knee  a  stout  and  mature  but  comely  woman. 
She  holds  up  a  child's  coral,  to  which  in  place  of  bells  money-bags  are 
attached,  each  inscribed  20,000  (as  in  No.  7826).  They  smile  at  each  other. 
He  sings : 

Hey  my  Angel!  my  Angel! 

And  hey  my  Duck  and  my  Deary! 

Such  a  Sweet  CHHD  as  this. 

There  is  not  far  or  neary! 

Such  a  fine  Coral  &  Bells! 

Chink  Vm,  chink  em  my  honey! 

Who  would  n't  love  a  Darling 

That 's  loaded  with  bags  of  money! 

A  satire  on  the  marriage  of  Lord  Ducie  (18  Jan.  1791)  to  Sarah,  the 
widow  of  Robert  Child  the  banker.   See  No.  7826. 

Another  impression,  with  an  *i*  inserted  with  a  caret  in  the  'J^cy'  of  the 
title:  JUJCY. 
i3iiX9|in.  (pi.). 

7980  THE  SEIGE  OF  BLENHEIM— OR— THE  NEW  SYSTEM  OF 
GUNNING,  DISCOVERD— 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  5^*  lygi.  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Miss  Gunning  sits  astride  a  cannon 
directed  against  the  fa9ade  of  Blenheim.  Her  mother  (r.)  fires  the  cannon 
by  putting  her  pen  to  the  touch-hole;  from  its  muzzle  issue  flames  and 
letters  inscribed  '.forged  Love  letter,  Letter  from  Marq:  of  Blan[dford]  written 
by  myself  Letter  tvritten  by  my  Daddy,  Letter  forged  by  my  Mother,  Letter 
forged  by  myself,  Letters  in  Answer  to  my  self.  In  the  central  window  in  the 
portico  of  Blenheim  are  the  bare  posteriors  of  a  figure  emitting  a  blast  of 
excrement  which  strikes  Miss  Gunning,  knocking  her  backwards,  and 

848 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1791 

reaches  Mrs.  Gunning.  The  former,  terrified,  says,  O  Mother!  Mother! 
my  mask'd  Battery  is  discovered^  &  we  shall  be  blown  up! — O  Mother ^  Mother y 
we  must  raise  the  Siege  immediately,  &  take  refuge  under  the  Duchesses  covered 
way,  &  there  act  on  the  defensive:  O  Mother:  Mother,  its  all  your  fault,  say 
what  you  will:  Mrs.  Gunning  says,  her  1.  hand  raised  in  horror,  Good 
Heavens!  who  could  have  thought  that  the  Seige  of  a  Coronet  would  have 
ended  in  smoke  &  stink! — well  Fll  take  my  affidavit  that  I  know  nothing  at 
all  about  the  matter.  An  aged  crone,  the  Duchess  of  Bedford,  stands  on  the 
extreme  r.,  raising  her  hooped  petticoat  to  form  a  shelter;  she  says.  Come 
under  my  Protection,  deary's  Fll  hide  you  in  Bedfordshire ;  &  find  one  of  my 
little  Granny-boys,  to  play  with  Missy.  On  the  extreme  1.  General  Gunning, 
wearing  regimentals,  walks  off,  stooping  furtively ;  he  says,  I  find  our  Strata- 
gem wont  take  effect,  &  therefore  Fll  be  0^;  &  menoevre; — any  common  Soldier 
can  lead  on,  to  an  attack,  but  it  requires  the  skill  of  a  General  to  bring  off  his 
forces  with  honor  after  a  defeat — .  After  the  title  is  etched,  dedicated  to  the 

Duke  of  A [Argyll]  and  Vide — A  bold  stroke  for  a  Husband  (a  comedy 

by  Mrs.  Cowley,  1783). 

The  first  of  many  prints  on  the  Gunning  scandal,  whose  stages  can  be 
followed  in  Walpole's  Letters  (vols,  xiv  and  xv).  Miss  Gunning  was  sup- 
posed to  be  receiving  addresses  from  the  Marquis  of  Lome  (her  cousin) 
and  the  Marquis  of  Blandford.  General  Gunning  (brother  of  the  two 
beautiful  Gunnings)  sent,  he  said,  his  groom  to  Blenheim,  asking  the  Duke 
of  Marlboroughif  his  son's  (Blandford's)  proposed  marriage  to  his  daughter 
had  his  sanction.  The  groom  brought  back  a  favourable  answer  which 
proved  to  be  a  forgery.  Miss  Gunning  was  accused  of  forging  love-letters 
and  General  Gunning  turned  his  wife  and  daughter  out  of  the  house,  when 
they  were  protected  by  the  aged  Duchess  of  Bedford,  grandmother  of 
Blandford.  The  explanation  suggested  was  that  Miss  Gunning  had  in- 
vented the  affair  with  Blandford  in  order  to  induce  Lome  to  propose. 
Letters  and  affidavits  appeared  in  the  newspapers  and  pamphlets  were 
published.  See  Nos.  7951,  7981-6,  8163.  This  print  is  described  by 
Walpole,  who  calls  it  *a  Grub  print  not  void  of  humour';  he  says  'old 
Gertrude'  is  'very  like'.  Letters,  xiv.  339-44. 

Elizabeth  Gunning  (1769- 1823)  was  a  beautiful  and  accomplished  girl, 
a  novelist  (from  1794)  like  her  mother.  D.N.B. 

Reprinted,  G.PF.G.,  1830. 

9|Xi3iin. 

7981  THE  NAKED  TRUTH,  OR,  THE  SWEET  LITTLE  ANGEL 
TURNED  OUT  FOR  LORN 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  J  Aitken  N""  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  March  25  lygi 

Engraving.  Miss  Gunning,  naked,  enters  a  door  on  the  extreme  1.  above 
which  is  the  sign  of  the  Bedford  Arms:  a  young  woman  (H.L.)  inscribed 
Betty  Canning  (see  No.  7982),  being  embraced  by  a  pair  of  arms,  indicating 
the  protection  given  by  the  Duchess  of  Bedford  to  Miss  Gunning  and  her 
mother.  Two  coronets  are  suspended  from  the  tips  of  her  hair,  in  her  hand 
is  a  book  inscribed  Oath ;  she  looks  over  her  shoulder  at  her  mother,  saying. 
What  will  become  of  me?  Oh!  dear!  that  I  should  thus  fall  between  two 
Coronets.  Mrs.  Gunning,  who  wears  only  a  shift  and  nightcap,  follows 

849  31 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

her  in  profile  to  the  1.,  carrying  an  inkpot,  a  sheaf  of  pens,  and  papers 
inscribed :  Best  Fools  cap  for  Pamphlet  and  Last  Shift.  She  says,  Go  in 
my  deaVy  sweety  lovely,  charming,  harmless,  innocent,  innoxious,  immaculate, 
heavenly,  blessed,  angelic,  celestial  Cherub — her  Grace  will  protect  us,  and 
I  have  preserved  the  necessary  Materials,  and  Fll  warrant,  Fll  give  them  a 
three  Shilling  Touch — . 

In  the  centre  an  old  woman  (Duchess  of  Bedford)  in  profile  to  the  r. 
stops  with  a  broom  an  angry  officer  (General  Gunning)  who  brandishes  a 
musket  by  the  barrel,  howling,  Fll  not  rest  till  I  have  blown  them  to  Italy, 
Dam^me.  From  his  pocket  projects  a  book,  Harris  List  [of  Co  vent- Garden 
ladies].  The  Duchess  says.  Stop  most  valiant  Sir,  you  shall  pursue  the 
children  of  Israel  no  further,  my  house  is  their  Asylum,  it  was  bravely  done  to 
strip  and  turn  them  out  penny  less — Oh!  fie!  fie!  You  a  Father  and  Husband! 
I  am  ashamed  of  you. 

On  the  extreme  r.  a  man  dressed  as  a  military  officer  ( ?  Blandford)  holds 
up  a  gigantic  lantern,  into  which  he  peers,  saying,  /  am  as  much  in  the  dark 
as  ever — /  can  discove  no  clue  to  get  to  the  bottom  of  this  very  mysterious 
Affair.  The  head  of  General  Gunning's  groom  appears  behind  him,  say- 
ing, Truth  they  say  lies  in  a  Well — Tol  de  rol  lol  I  have  kicked  up  a  fine  dust 
with  our  galloping  Mare. 

See  No.  7980,  &c.  Mrs.  Gunning  {nee  Minifie)  was  a  novelist  and  pub- 
lished A  Letter  .  ,  .  to  the  Duke  of  Argyll,  writing  of  her  'sweet  injured 
angel'  (p.  47),  &c.  In  this  the  ejected  pair  are  compared  to  the  'Children 
of  Israel',  and  it  is  alleged  that  General  Gunning  recommended  his  wife, 
daughter,  and  sister-in-law  to  settle  in  Italy  (p.  106).  As  a  novelist  her 
language  was  so  flowery  that  Lady  Harcourt  uses  or  coins  the  word 
*minific'  for  absurd  hyperbole.  Harcourt  Papers,  ed.  E.  W.  Harcourt, 
xi.  loi. 
8iXi3f  in. 

7982  BETTY  CANNING  REVIVED :— OR— A  PEEP  AT  THE  CON- 
JURATION OF  MARY  SQUIRES,  &  THE  GYPSEY  FAMILY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pub^  March  2^^  lygi  by  J  M  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly — 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  interior  of  a  room 
in  a  cottage.  General  Gunning  (1.)  as  an  old  gipsy-woman,  but  wearing  a 
military  coat,  is  seated  (on  a  drum)  at  a  table,  facing  his  daughter.  In  place 
of  a  sword  he  wears  a  broom.   He  seals  a  letter,  a  number  of  seals  and  a 

letter  To  D of  M [Marlborough]  are  on  the  table  beside  him. 

Miss  Gunning  holds  a  pack  of  cards  (the  ace  of  spades  uppermost)  to  her 
lips,  saying,  /  Swear  that  I  never  wish'd  or  tried  directly  or  indirectly  to  get 

a  Coronet;  that  I  never  saw  or  writ  to  Lord  B [Blandford]  or  Lord  L 

[Lome],  in  all  my  Life; — that  Men  are  fny  aversion; — &  that  I  never  had 
any  thing  to  do  with,  with  the  Groom,  in  all  my  born  days; — Will  that  do. 
Dad?  He  answers.  Well  done,  Bett!  we'll  get  thro'  the  Business  Fll  warrant 
you; — we  can  write  with  all  sorts  of  hands,  we've  got  all  kinds  of  Seals,  & 
with  the  assistance  of  our  old  Friend  under  the  Table,  we  shall  be  able  to  gull 
them  yet  daughter  but  I  must  be  Mum.  Through  a  hole  in  the  boards  under 
the  table  the  Devil  emerges,  surrounded  with  flames,  he  holds  up  a  torch 
exultantly,  saying  Swear!  Gunning  melts  his  sealing-wax  in  the  torch.  On 
the  r.  is  an  open  hearth  over  which  hangs  a  cauldron  full  of  coronets. 

850 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

Beside  it  (1.)  sits  Mrs.  Gunning,  blowing  the  fire  with  a  pair  of  bellows 

formed  of  a  book :  Letter  to  the  D of  A  (see  No.  7983).  She  says :  That 's 

right y  my  sweet  innocent  Angel!  say  Grace  boldly!  make  haste  my  dear  little 
lovely  Lambkin! — Fll  soon  blow  up  the  Fire,  while  Nauntee-Peg  helps  to  cook 
up  the  Coronets;  we'll  get  you  a  nice  tit-bit  for  Dinner ^  before  we've  done,  my 
dear  little  deary.  Opposite  her  and  on  the  extreme  r.  an  old  woman,  dressed 
in  rags  stands  over  the  cauldron  with  a  spoon,  saying,  Puff  away.  Sister! 
the  Soup  will  soon  boil — law's  me,  how  soft  the  Green  Peas  do  grow,  &  how 
they  Jump  about  in  tJie  Pot  when  you  Puff  your  Bellows!  Behind  her  is  a 
placard :  Waltham  Abbey — by  Peg  Niffy.  (Mrs.  Gunning,  nee  Minifie,  was 
said  in  the  Press  to  have  written  a  novel  called  Waltham  Abbey,  this  she 
denied.  Letter  .  .  .,  p.  89.)  On  the  wall  behind  Miss  Gunning  is  a  print  of 
the  pillory  (the  punishment  for  perjury)  and  a  bill:  Affidavit  of  Eliz: 
Canning,  Behind  her  father  are  The  Life  of  a  Soldier,  The  Man  of  Honor 
a  Catch,  and  The  useful  Groom  a  new  song.  Through  a  door  (1.)  behind 
Gunning  is  seen  a  groom  holding  a  horse;  he  says,  Fm  ready  to  ride^  or 
swear,  or  any  thing.  A  signpost  points  to  Blenheim. 

See  No.  7980,  &c.  Miss  Gunning  made  affidavits  before  a  justice  of 
peace  as  to  her  conduct  and  whereabouts  at  certain  times,  thus  recalling 
the  case  of  Elizabeth  Canning,  convicted  of  perjury,  cf.  No.  7981  (who, 
however,  acted  not  with  but  against  Mary  Squires  and  the  other  gipsies, 
see  No.  321 1,  &c.).  For  'Auntee  Peg'  see  Nos.  7983,  7986. 
9iXi4i6in.  (pL). 

7983  MARGARET'S  GHOST." 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  25^*  ijgi-  hy  H.  Humphrey  A^"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  bedroom,  with  Miss 
Gunning  in  bed  (1.),  facing  the  spectator;  a  stout  woman,  her  mother,  holds 
her  arm;  both  look  round  in  alarm  at  a  much-caricatured  creature.  Miss 
Minifie,  who  rushes  towards  them  (r.)  from  an  open  door,  arms  out- 
stretched, gaping  with  staring  eyeballs.  Mrs.  Gunning  raises  a  leg  in  her 
surprise,  breaking  a  bottle  of  Brandy  which  with  a  glass  had  been  concealed 
under  her  petticoats.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched:  What's  the  matter 
Auntee-Peg,  what  makes  you  put  on  such  a  long  Face?"  In  the  upper  and 
lower  margins  is  the  inscription :  /  was  sitting  by  the  Bedside  of  my  smiling- 
injured'innocent-Lambkin,  &  holding  one  of  the  sweet  tender  hands  of  my 
amiable-gentle-dovelike-Cherub,  when  her  Aunt  came  into  the  Room,  with  a 
face  paler  than  Ashes, — ^^What  is  the  matter,  Auntee  Peg" — says  my  dear- 
chaste-adorable-kittd-benificent-enchanting-heaft-feeling-benificent-paragonof 
Goodness  \  She  broke  upon  us  the  dishonorable-infamous-false-accusations,  & 
the  cruel  most  cruel  messages  that  accompanied  them,  at  that  moment  a  Vow 
issued  from  my  torn,  my  rent,  my  wounded,  my  agonizing,  my  suffering  Heart, 
&  my  dear-divine-glorious-Arch  angelic-Angel,  said  &c  &c. 

This  is  a  passage  (burlesqued)  from  Mrs.  Gunning's  pamphlet,  A  Letter 
.  .  .  to  the  Duke  of  Argyll,  pp.  101-2:  cf.  No.  7982.  Miss  Minifie,  called 
by  her  niece  'Auntee  Peg',  came  into  the  room  to  tell  them  of  'false  accusa- 
tions' and  that  they  were  to  be  banished  from  General  Gunning's  house. 
See  No.  7980,  &c. 
SfXiofin.  (pi.). 

851 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7984  SYMPTOMS  OF  AFFECTION  OR  A  SPECIMEN  OF  MAR- 
TIAL PROWESS 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  March  2y,  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly  whare  may  be 

seen  the  Compleatist  Collection  of  Caricature  Prints  &  Drawings  in 

the  Kingdom  Admit"  i^  &  [mutilated.] 

Engraving.  General  Gunning  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  before  the  door  of 
his  house,  a  bludgeon  in  his  hand,  driving  before  him  his  wife  and  daughter, 
both  scantily  clad,  but  the  latter  with  feathers  in  her  hair.  On  the  1.  is  a 
military  officer  (Bowen)  sheathing  a  sword  in  a  broken  sheath ;  Mrs.  Bowen 
stands  behind  him.  From  General  Gunning's  pocket  protrude  papers: 
aff.  by  M^  B  and  Am  by  M^  B.  He  says  Now  I  shall  save  a  1000  a  year  in 
Housekeeping  &  keep  as  many  —  [whores]  as  I  like.  Miss  Gunning  says 
Oh  thus  to  be  persecuted  &  roVd  of—  all  for  Lorn.  Mrs.  Gunning  says 
Oh!  my  Darling  my  Angel  fear  not  the  machinations  of  these  Combind  plotters 
while  you  have  a  Mothers  arms  to  support  you.  She  points  towards  a 
woman's  face  at  a  window  ( ?  or  in  a  picture)  over  which  is  etched :  Here 
my  Inosent  shall  you  find  a  parants  Care  to  soothe  your  troubles  &  every 
honest  means  pursued  to  discover  those  base  dark  assas[sms].  Bowen  says  Oh 
how  they  did  run  we  have  done  the  Business.  His  wife  says  Aye  Aye  Clear  off 
did  not  I  do  my  part  well. 

See  No.  7980,  &c.  A  Captain  and  Mrs.  Bowen,  poor  relations  of  General 
Gunning,  had  taken  an  active  part  in  the  affair  and  were  accused  by  Mrs. 
Gunning  in  her  Letter  to  the  Duke  of  Argyll  (see  No.  7983)  of  intriguing 
against  her  and  her  daughter. 
8JXi4iin. 

7985  A  RECENT  DISMISSION.  [i  Apr.  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  5.  The  interior  of  a  bedroom.  Miss 
Gunning  (1.),  turning  her  back  on  her  parents,  leans  an  elbow  on  the  open 
top-drawer  of  a  chest  of  drawers  within  which  are  letters.   At  her  feet  is 

a  letter :  My  dear  Miss  Gunn Mrs.  Gunning  stands  behind  her  holding 

her  wig  in  both  hands ;  she  wears  a  petticoat  and  stays.  General  Gunning, 
holding  a  cane,  puts  his  hand  on  his  wife's  shoulder  as  if  to  drag  her  from 
the  room.  On  the  papered  wall  is  a  picture :  The  Siege  of  Blenheim,  two 
cannons  firing  point-blank  at  a  building. 

For  the  Gunning  scandal  see  No.  7980,  &c. 
5x3!  in.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

7986  AUNTEE  PEG. 
[?L  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  March  29  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  AT"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  An  elderly  and  ugly  woman  (Miss 
Minifie)  sits  full  face,  squinting  violently,  her  toes  turned  in.   At  her  r. 

hand  is  a  table  with  writing  materials  and  a  letter  To  Miss  E G 

[Gunning].  In  her  hand  is  a  letter  To  the  D of  M [Marlborough]. 

One  cat  sits  on  the  table,  another  lies  on  its  back  at  her  feet. 

See  No.  7980,  &c.    The  suggestion  is  that  the  forged  letters  in  the 
Gunning  affair,  which  Miss  Gunning  was  alleged  to  have  written,  were 

852 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    179I 

composed  by  her  *Auntee  Peg*,  see  No.  7982,  &c.,  here  represented  as  a 

cunning  old  maid. 

8|x6iiin. 

7986  A  AUNTEE  PEG.  [1791] 

A  copy  (or  the  original)  of  No.  7986,  the  subject  being  T.Q.L.;  the 
letter,  the  table,  and  cats  are  omitted. 

7987  THE  WHITWORTH  D R. 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W""  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  S^  Jan^  12  ijgi.  In 
Hollands  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe.  AdmiP^  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  bishop  leans  back  ex- 
hausted in  an  armchair  (r.).  The  lawn  sleeve  on  his  1.  arm  has  been  rolled 
up,  blood  spouts  from  a  puncture  on  to  the  floor  and  pours  from  a  broken 
bowl  lying  on  the  ground.  The  doctor  turn  his  back  on  his  patient 
and  hastens  towards  a  door  (1.)  through  which  looks  a  groom  holding  a 
horse.  The  groom  says,  Docter  Doctery  my  masters  horse  has  got  the  spavin. 
The  doctor,  grinning  with  pleasure,  says:  Who  does  he  belong  to?  never  saw 
such  a  beautiful  creature  in  my  life!  What  a  neck!  what  a  nose!  what  a  magic 
eye! . . .  Vllgo  and  dress  him  out  of  hand — Whats  a  head  of  the  Church  to  the  heels 
of  a  horse.  On  the  wall  is  a  picture  of  Durham  Cathedral  (interior)  showing 
that  the  patient  is  the  Bishop  of  Durham.  Behind  him  are  a  Bible  and  other 
books  on  a  shelf,  above  which  is  a  mitre.  A  crozier  hangs  from  the  wall. 
On  the  r.  is  a  table  with  medicine  bottles.  The  doctor  wears  old-fashioned 
dress  with  wide  cuffs  and  flapped  waistcoat ;  a  syringe,  &c.,  projects  from 
his  pocket.  In  the  background  behind  the  horse  a  cathedral  is  indicated. 
See  also  Nos.  7988, 7989.  Thurlow,  Bishop  of  Durham,  died  in  London, 
27  May  1791.  The  doctor  is  identified  by  Miss  Banks  as  *Mr.  John 
Taylor  often  called  Doctor  John'.  Whitworth  is  a  village  in  Durham. 
SfgXisiin. 

7988  THE  WHITWORTH  DOCTOR  EXAMINED. 
[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  Febv  20  lygi  by  PP«  Holland.  N"*  50  Oxford  Street. 
In  Holland*s  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe,  admittance.  One  ShiW 

Engraving.  A  bishop  (Durham)  sits  in  an  armchair  (L).  Three  doctors 
stand  in  a  row  beside  him,  turning  to  a  fourth,  who  stands  on  the  r.  on  a 
low  three-legged  stool,  wearing  spurred  top-boots  and  holding  a  riding- 
whip.  A  medicine  bottle,  &c.,  protrudes  from  his  pocket.  The  three  doctors 
say.  Welly  Doctor ,  do  you  think  it  is  in  your  power  to  make  a  cure?  The  fourth 
answers.  If  yo'll  cure  the  Bishop  of  another  disorder  that  he's  gotten,  I  con 
cure  him  0  this  with  the  help  o  God.  But  you  must  doctor  him  for  three  or  four 
hours,  as  I  hear  the  hounds,  and  damn  me  I  wouldn't  lose  a  good  hunt  for  all 
the  Bishops  in  the  kingdom.  See  No.  7987,  &c. 

Si^gXisiin. 

853 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

7989  THE  WHITWORTH  DOCTOR  DOING  BUSINESS  EXPEDI- 
TIOUSLY. 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  FelP  20,  lygi  by  W""  Holland  N"  50,  Oxford  Street 
Engraving.  Five  men  stand  in  a  row  behind  a  large  horse-trough;  they 
have  been  bled,  and  the  blood  gushes  into  the  trough,  on  v^hich  they  lean 
in  an  exhausted  manner.  The  doctor  (1.)  is  actually  bleeding  the  man  on 
the  1.,  but  he  turns  his  head  away  from  his  patient,  in  profile  to  the  L,  to  say 
Saddle  my  horse  you  rascal!  Rabbit  it  Pll  be  too  late  for  the  hunt!  Where 
are  all  your  bandages ^  you  rapscallions?  Fll  not  stop  to  stick  another  this 
mornings  by  G — d!  His  patients,  probably  in  a  hospital,  are  labourers  or 
artisans.  One  says,  /  say^  Doctor y  Roger  Cartwheel  here  is  going  to  swound. 
The  two  on  the  extreme  r.  say  God  dang  itj  I  find  my  eyes  woundidly  queer! 
and  Doctor y  for  God's  sake  put  on  the  bandage!  Oh  lord  I  shall  bleed  to  death. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  Recommended  to  the  Phlebotomists  of  the  London 
Hospitals.  See  No.  7987,  &c. 
9|Xi3|in.  (pi.). 

7990  ELOPEMENT  FROM  BRISTOL— OR  TOO  MANY  FOR  THE 
BRISTOL  BUMBRUSHER. 

[?H.W.] 

London  Pu¥  March  25,  lygi  by  W.  Holland  N°  50,  Oxford  Street 

[In  Holland's^]  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 

Caricatures  in  Europe,  Admittance  One  Shil^ 
Engraving.  A  carriage  with  four  horses  is  driven  rapidly  (r.  to  1.)  by  two 
postillions,  a  signpost  (1.)  pointing  To  Gretna  Green.  Within  it  a  young  man 
is  embracing  a  young  girl,  who  holds  a  pistol  in  her  r.  hand  while  she  flings 
her  doll  through  the  window  on  her  1.  They  are  followed  by  a  man  on  a 
galloping  horse  (r.)  who  wears  an  apothecary's  mortar  on  his  head  and 
flourishes  a  pestle  in  place  of  a  whip.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  Miss 
Gierke  J  is  the  niece  of  the  late  M*  Ogihie,  of  Banff ^  in  Scotland^  from  whom 
she  inherits  a  fortune  of  6000  I.  per  anfium — She  is  about  fourteen  years  of 
agCy  and  was  sent  from  Scotland  to  a  Boarding  School  in  Bristol,  to  finish  her 

education — Her  gallant  is  said  to  be  M^  P y,  a  Surgeon,  of  Bristol,  who 

procured  her  absence  from  the  School  under  the  pretext  of  a  visit  to  her 
Guardian  from  whom  a  counterfeit  letter  was  produced  and  on  Saturday  night 
the  ig  of  March  the  happy  pair  escaped  to  the  Caledonian  Temple  of  Hymen! 

For  Perry's  elopement  see  No.  7991,  &c.   He  was  accompanied  by  his 
apprentice,  one  Salmon. 
Sxisiin. 

7991  A  PERRY-LOUS  SITUATION;  OR,  THE  DOCTOR  AND 
HIS  FRIENDS  KEEPING  THE  BUMBRUSHER  AND  HER 
MYRMIDONS  AT  BAY. 

[?H.W.] 

London   Pu¥  April  ly.  lygi.  by  W.  Holland  N°  50.  Oxford  S^   In 

Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 

Caricatures  in  Europe.  Admittance  one  Shilling 
Engraving  (coloured  impression).    Two  opposing  groups  confront  each 
other :  on  the  1.  is  a  constable  with  a  staff,  a  timorous  assistant,  and  on  the 

»  Mutilated. 

854 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

extreme  1.  a  schoolmistress  holding  up  a  birch-rod.  They  are  threatened 
by  a  tall  young  man,  who  puts  his  arm  round  the  waist  of  a  young  woman, 
and  by  another  man ;  both  aim  pistols  at  the  constable.  An  older  woman, 
on  the  extreme  r.,  stands  protectingly  behind  the  young  woman.  The 
schoolmistress  says,  Let  me  get  her  again  into  my  hands  and  F II  tickle  her  Toby 
nicely — Consider  my  Reward ^  Gentlemeny  Fll  now  give  two  hundred  pounds. 
The  constable's  assistant  says,  Ay^  Mistress ^  but  we  mun  consider  our  own 
sens  also — he  is  a  desperate  looking  dog.  The  constable,  whose  red  waistcoat 
suggests  the  Bow  Street  runner,  says,  In  the  name  of  Mistress  Sharp- 
look-outy  the  Schoolmistress  J  I  command  you  to  deliver  up  little  Miss — and 
return  to  the  pestle  and  Mortar.  Perry,  who  has  eloped  with  the  girl,  answers, 
Throw  Physic  to  the  dogs,  Fll  none  of  it!  She  says  to  him.  Dear  Doctor  save 
me  from  my  governess.  Perry's  supporter  says,  No  farther  at  your  peril.  The 
woman  says,  Dont  be  alarm' dj  Miss  there  is  no  danger. 

Richard  Perry,  a  surgeon  and  apothecary  of  Bristol,  eloped  (to  Gretna 
Green)  with  Clementina  Clarke,  an  heiress  of  fifteen.  On  4  April  the  Bow 
Street  magistrates  advertised  ;£  1,000  reward  for  securing  Miss  Clarke  and 
returning  her  to  Bow  Street  or  to  Miss  Selina  Mills,  the  governess  at  Bristol, 
Perry  (who  was  passing  as  Captain  Inglefield)  and  his  confederates  (his 
apprentice  Salmon  and  Elizabeth  Baker)  to  be  apprehended  for  felony. 
Lond.  Chronicle,  24  March,  8  April,  &c.  See  also  Nos.  7990,  7992. 
iifXisfin. 

7992  GRETNA  GREEN  STRIKING  THE  IRON  WHILE  IT  IS  HOT. 

Attic  Miscellany. 

Drawn  by  Collings.  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Locke  Aug^  J*'  ^79^- 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  387.  The  interior  of  a  smithy,  the  black- 
smith stands  behind  his  anvil  with  an  open  book  grinning  at  a  terrified 
couple :  the  man  (r.)  is  about  to  put  a  ring  on  the  finger  of  a  woman,  but 
looks  behind  him  in  alarm,  holding  a  pistol  in  his  1.  hand.  An  elderly  man 
(or  woman)  wearing  an  apron  stands  behind  (r.)  peering  through  spectacles 
at  an  open  book.  A  boy  with  a  hammer  (1.)  stands  watching  the  ceremony. 
The  accompanying  verses  appear  to  relate  to  the  elopement  of  Miss  Clarke, 
see  No.  7991,  &c. 
6ix8in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

7993  THE  LEVEE,  OR  THE  MAECENAS  OF  SCRUBS  AND  SCARA- 
MOUCHES. 

Attic  Miscellany. 

Drawn  by  Collings.   Etch'd  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  June  J^  1791- 

Engraving.  Illustration  to  The  Attic  Miscellany,  ii.  313,  but  issued  as  a 
separate  print.  A  young  man,  wearing  a  long  dressing-gown  over  breeches 
and  top-boots,  receives  a  man  dressed  as  a  groom  (1.)  whose  hand  he  takes, 
and  a  cock-fighter  (r.)  who  shows  him  a  cock.  Behind  the  groom  stands  a 
coachman  holding  a  whip.  In  the  background  are  other  attendants  at  the 
levee:  a  boxer  (1.)  and  a  Jew  (r.)  being  conspicuous.  Next  the  boxer  is  a 
man  who  resembles  the  Prince  of  Wales.  On  the  wall  are  five  pictures  (1. 

855 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

to  r.):  a  W.L.  portrait  of  Scrub;  a  horse-race;  a  W.L.  portrait  of  a  man 
dressed  as  a  pierrot ;  two  cocks  fighting ;  Harlequin.  On  the  ground  is  an 
open  book :  New  Pantomime  by  Bar  &  0°,  showing  that  the  levee  is  that  of 
Lord  Barrymore. 

An  illustration  to  verses  (ii.  318),  'The  levee',  where  Barrymore  is  called 
'Lord  Scrub'.  For  the  revelries  at  Wargrave  where  Barrymore  had  a 
private  theatre,  see  Angelo,  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  230,  233  fF.,  ii.  51,  57  ff., 
310-12.  He  was  noted  for  his  performance  of  Scrub,  in  Farquhar's  Beaux 
Stratagem^  and  a  print  of  him  and  Wathen  as  Scrub  and  Archer  is  repro- 
duced, op.  cit.,  i.  243.  Pantomimes  were  also  performed  at  Wargrave. 
For  the  train  of  parasites  at  Wargrave  see  Review  of  the  Life  of  the  late  Earl 
of  Barrymore,  1793,  pp.  36-8.   See  Nos.  7743,  7957,  7961,  7994-9. 

Reproduced,  J.  R.  Robinson,  The  Last  Earls  of  Barrymore,  1896,  p.  194. 
61x8iin. 

7994  LORD     B [Barrymore]    BOXING    A    BUTCHER    AT 

BRIGHTON, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  I  Aitken  A^"  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  Sep^  4  lygi 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Barrymore  (1.),  very  tall  and  thin, 
fights  a  butcher  (r.),  who  is  short  and  stout,  and  who  recoils  with  a  bleeding 
nose.  Barrymore,  towering  over  his  antagonist,  says.  My  precious  Eyes  and 
long  Limbs — 77/  lamb  you — 77/  teach  you  you  dog  now  to  encourage  Brutes 
to  engage  in  the  Human  exercise  of  fighting  for  Fun.  He  wears  a  striped 
waistcoat  with  a  high  collar,  his  shirt-sleeves  rolled  up.  A  dwarfish  man 
(1.)  wearing  a  high-crowned  hat,  holds  his  coat  and  says.  Give  it  the  dirty 
Blackguard  well  my  dear  Lord  for  setting  his  nasty  Dog  on  my  poor  Pompey, 
On  the  extreme  r.  two  dogs  are  fighting.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  For 
having  dared  to  give  his  Lordship  indecent  Language,  because  he  reproved  him 
for  setting  two  dogs  Fighting  on  Thursday  last  when  he  was  walking  in  the 
Square. 

For  this  incident,  and  the  defeat  of  the  butcher,  see  J.  R.  Robinson,  The 
Last  Earls  of  Barrymore,  p.  174.  For  other  Brighton  affrays  cf.  Nos.  7743, 
7996. 
8x11^  in. 

7995  THE  PLEASURE  OF  BEING  KICK'D  OUT  OF  COMPANY 
[L  Cruikshank.] 

Brighton  Pub  Ocr  2  lygi  by  D:  Peahen, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  In  the  foreground  (r.)  Henry  and 
Augustus  Barry  are  being  pushed  through  a  doorway  and  down  a  staircase 
by  a  servant.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  the  interior  of  a  room  lit  by  candle- 
sconces  and  a  hanging  chandelier,  with  persons  seated  in  a  semicircle  on 
upright  chairs :  on  the  extreme  1.  the  Prince  of  Wales  watches  the  ejection 
with  a  reflective  smile.  Next  him  sits  Lord  Barrymore  (Newgate),  wearing 
an  apron,  in  the  attitude  of  Scrub  in  the  Beaux  Stratagem  (see  Nos.  7993, 
7997),  and  saying,  Alas  I  fear  it  will  be  my  turn  next.  On  his  1.  is  a  man 
wearing  a  star  (Due  de  la  Pienna),  saying.  Dehors  Dehors ;  he  puts  his  arm 

856 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

behind  his  wife  who  stands  up,  saying,  oh  Mon  Dieu  I  shall  certainly  Mis- 
carry if  you  dont  turn  out  these  Ugly  Deformed  Wretches. 

A  servant  in  Kvery,  pushing  Henry  Barry  (Cripplegate)  by  the  shoulders, 
says,  by  Gar  you  ugly  Mugs  was  frighten  the  Duchess  into  fits  make  haste  or 
I  was  Cripple  yow.  Barry,  who  wears  a  high-crowned  hat,  answers,  clench- 
ing his  fists  and  scowling,  Cripple  me  butt  we'll  make  her  Miscarry  if  Ugly 
faces  will  do  it.  *Hellgate',  who  is  descending  the  stairs  on  the  extreme  r., 

looks  round  to  say,  Bl — st  my  Bl — dy  b g  Eyes  but  we'll  be  revenged \ 

he  carries  a  bludgeon.  Both  brothers  wear  long  and  tight  breeches  reaching 
almost  to  the  ankle  and  have  cropped  hair,  cf.  No.  8040,  &c. 

The  two  Barrys  had  gone  uninvited  to  a  supper  given  by  the  Duchesse 
de  la  Pienna,  assuming  that  they  were  included  in  an  invitation  to  their 
brother;  they  were  eventually  requested  to  leave  for  the  (ostensible)  reason 
given  in  the  print.  J.  R.  Robinson,  The  Last  Earls  of  Barrymore^  1894, 
PP-  183-5. 
9iXi3|in. 

7996  TRUE  NOBILITY  OF  BLOOD,  A  SCENE  AT  BRIGHTON. 

[i  Oct.  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine ^  1.  265.  Three  men  attack  with  fists  a 
fourth  (r.)  who  stands  under  a  window  from  which  the  Prince  of  Wales 
looks,  putting  out  an  admonishing  hand.  In  the  background  is  the  corner 
of  a  house  and  a  crowd  of  spectators.  The  text  describes  an  affray  at 
Brighton :  Lord  Barrymore,  in  driving  his  phaeton  on  the  race-ground,  got 
entangled  with  the  gig  of  a  London  hairdresser,  and  lashed  the  hairdresser 
and  his  horse.  Both  alighted  and  in  a  combat  Barrymore  was  worsted,  but 
three  of  his  pugilistic  friends  arrived  and  beat  the  victorious  hairdresser. 
A  Mr.  Smith,  a  linen-draper,  intervened  with  his  cricket-bat,  was  chased 
to  his  own  house  and  punished.  The  Prince  is  said  to  have  come  from  the 
Pavilion  to  order  the  hairdresser  to  be  taken  to  a  surgeon. 

A  report  of  a  fracas  at  Brighton  on  12  Sept.  {London  Chronicle^  17  Sept.), 
in  which  Barrymore  got  the  worst  of  an  encounter  in  Castle  Square  until 
one  of  his  brothers,  a  bruiser,  and  the  due  de  la  Paine  ( }  Pienna)  came  up 
and  decided  the  contest,  the  Prince  showing  great  uneasiness  at  the  result- 
ing scandal,  is  probably  another  version  of  the  same  event.  Cf.  Nos.  7743, 
7994- 
5AX3im.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

7997  LES  TROIS  MAGOTS. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Nov'  r^  lygi,  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  18.  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Barrymore  and  his  two  brothers 
are  represented  as  figurines  on  the  shelf  of  a  chimney-piece,  along  which 
the  title  is  etched.  Each  stands  on  a  circular  pedestal  inscribed :  (1.  to  r.) 
A  Hell-gate  Blackguard,  A  Newgate  Scrub,  and  A  Cripplegate  Monster,  the 
three  brothers  being  known  as  Newgate,  Hellgate,  and  Cripplegate.  In  the 
centre  Barrymore,  as  Scrub,  is  seated  as  in  Act  iii  of  Farquhar's  play,  when 
in  conference  with  Archer:  dressed  in  livery  and  wearing  an  apron,  his 
hands  on  his  knees  (cf.  No.  6221).  On  the  1.  Augustus  Barry,  stripped  to 
the  waist  and  wearing  boxing-gloves  with  a  high  hat,  stands  in  the  attitude 
of  a  pugilist,  which  his  extreme  thinness  makes  ridiculous.    On  the  r. 

8S7 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Henry  Barry  grins  and  capers,  holding  a  toy  whirligig.  He  wears  the  fash- 
ionable dress  of  the  bloods  of  the  moment :  high  hat,  long  tight  breeches 
reaching  almost  to  the  ankle,  short  wrinkled  top-boots  with  enormous  spurs. 
His  coat  is  slipping  off  his  shoulders  and  fastened  by  one  button  (a  carica- 
ture of  the  fashion) ;  all  have  cropped  hair,  cf.  No.  8040,  &c.  Over  Barry- 
more 's  head  is  the  lower  part  of  a  bust-portrait  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  in 
an  oval  frame.   Beneath  the  title  eighteen  lines  of  verse  are  etched : 
To  whip  a  Topj  to  knuckle  down  at  Taw 
*'To  swing  upon  a  Gate,  to  ride  a  Straw 
*^To  play  at  Push-Pin  with  dull  brother  Peers, 

*'To  coin  new  f angled  wagers,  and  to  lay  'em, 
"Laying  to  lose,  and  losing  not  to  pay  *em, 
*^The  Magots,  on  that  stock  which  Nature  gives 
**  Without  a  Rival  stand: 

Barrymore  ('Newgate'  1769-93),  and  his  brothers,  Henry  and  Augustus 
Barry  ('Cripplegate'  1770-1824,  and  *Hellgate'  1773-1818),  were  wild  rakes 
and  boon  companions  of  the  Prince  of  Wales.   See  No.  7993,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  389.     Reprinted,   G.W.G., 
1830.   Reproduced,  Angelo,  Reminiscences,  1904,  ii.  66;  E.  B.  Chancellor, 
Lives  of  the  Rakes,  v.  216. 
I3lxi3|in.  (pL). 

7998  THE  CROPS  LAST  SHIFT. 
Drawn  by  Cruikshanks.  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Locke  Nov^  i^  ^79^- 

Engraving.  Similar  in  manner  to  plates  in  The  Attic  Miscellany,  Four 
young  bloods  have  attacked  an  old  woman  on  a  donkey  with  a  pannier  of 
potatoes.  Their  hair  is  cropped,  and  they  have  bludgeons.  One  has  cut 
off  the  donkey's  tail ;  another  (r.),  who  holds  it,  has  fallen  backwards.  A 
third  (1.)  fills  his  hat  with  potatoes  which  have  fallen  from  the  ass's  basket. 
A  fourth  (1.)  stands  with  clenched  fists  facing  the  old  woman;  on  the 
collar  of  a  bull-dog  beside  him  is  inscribed  Barrymore  (reversed,  and  only 
legible  in  a  mirror).  On  the  r.  is  part  of  a  country  house,  on  the  1.  is  the 
sea ;  the  scene  is  probably  in  Ireland.  For  Lord  Barrymore  and  his  brothers 
see  No.  7997,  &c.  Cf.  also  No.  8040,  &c. 
6Jx8  in. 

7999  A  CROP,  OF  1791. 
/  Cruikshaks  [sic]  J  79  J 

London  Pub  Sep''  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  W.L.  portrait  of  a  man  walking  (r.  to  1.) 
with  a  mincing  gait,  1.  toe  turned  out.  He  looks  through  an  eye-glass  with 
a  frowning  grimace.  His  1.  hand,  holding  a  bludgeon,  is  on  his  hip.  His 
hair  is  cropped  and  he  has  side-whiskers,  and  is  dressed  in  the  manner 
adopted  by  the  rakes  and  bloods  of  1791,  wearing  a  high-crowned  hat,  a 
waistcoat  with  a  high  collar  at  the  back ;  his  coat  is  slipped  off  his  shoulder, 
showing  the  upper  part  of  his  shirt-sleeve.  He  wears  long  breeches  or 
pantaloons  and  very  short  top-boots,  see  No.  8040,  &c.  In  the  background 

858 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

is  a  piece  of  water,  trees,  and  buildings.   He  resembles  Lord  Barrymore, 
cf.  No.  7998.  In  the  background  is  indicated  a  house  (r.)  with  a  park  wall 
and  trees  reflected  in  water, 
lojxyiiin. 

8000  A  NATURAL  CROP ;— ALIAS— A  NORFOLK  DUMPLING 
[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  Sep'  21"^  179I'  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  W.L.  satirical  portrait  of  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk,  directed  to  the  r. ;  in  his  1.  hand  is  the  baton  of  Earl  Marshal ; 
his  r.  hand  is  in  his  waistcoat  pocket.  He  wears  top-boots,  a  slouched  hat, 
and  his  hair  is  closely  cropped.  Earlier  caricatures  show  the  Duke  wearing 
his  own  hair  without  powder,  hanging  on  his  neck.  The  fashion  for 
cropped  hair  began  in  1791,  and  was  usually  accompanied  by  new  fashions 
of  dress  which  the  Duke  has  not  adopted,  cf.  No.  8040,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  136.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  371.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.y 
1830.   Reproduced,  Social  Englandy  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  675. 
7ftX5f  in.  (pi.). 

8001  THE  QUORNITES  DISTURBED  OR  STARTLING  THE 
GAME. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pu¥  Dec'  10  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccaddilly  where  may 
be  seen  the  Largest  Collection  of  Caracatures  in  the  Kingdom  admit- 
ance  one  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  house  is  on  fire  (1.), 
flames  pouring  from  an  upper  window ;  the  occupants  escape  from  a  side 
door  on  to  open  country,  the  men  in  nightshirts  with  bare  legs,  the 
women  similarly  dressed,  their  persons  much  exposed.  On  the  extreme  1. 
a  man  stands  by  the  door  holding  a  whip,  he  shouts  with  his  hand  to  his 
mouth.  Tally  ho  Tally  ho  they  are  all  UnkennelUd  a  rare  Scent.  A  terrified 
man  and  woman  look  from  a  window  above  the  door.  A  man  leaps  head 
first  from  an  adjacent  window  (r.)  from  which  flames  are  pouring ;  he  wears 
a  hunting-cap  and  says,  A  rare  Knight  for  smoaking  the  Badgers  \  he  is 
Meynell,  Master  of  the  Quorn  hounds.  One  man  drags  along  an  enor- 
mously fat  woman  by  a  rope  round  her  neck,  saying,  come  along  Marjery 
come  sweet  Marjery.  A  younger  man  with  cropped  hair  pushes  her  behind 

with  his  knee,  his  hands  on  her  shoulders,  saying,  A  fine  Essex  CalfD e 

&  as  Obstinate.  She  wears  on  her  stomach  a  band  inscribed  Vanbutc[hell] 
Belly  Ba[nd]y  a  device  of  the  famous  truss-maker  (cf.  No.  7930).  She  is 
Lady  Essex,  one  of  the  men  being  her  husband.  In  front  of  this  group  a 
good-looking  young  man  (the  Duke  of  Bedford)  carries  an  excessively  thin 
woman  (Lady  Salisbury).  In  her  hair  is  an  honi  soit  ribbon,  his  breeches 
have  been  thrown  round  her  shoulders.  He  wears  her  high-crowned  hat. 
She  says.  To  be  thus  exposed  Oh — Nell!!!   (An  H  appears  to  have  been 

altered  to  an  N.)  He  says.  Aye  its  D d  unlucky.  In  front  (r.)  Paget,  a 

young  man,  carries  on  his  shoulders  a  young  woman  whose  hair  curls  on 

her  shoulders,  the  Duchess  of  Rutland.   She  says.  Pray  my  L d  Stand 

firm  [words  erased]  (Sf  Carry  me  any  where,  to  the  Parsons  if  you  will.  He 

859 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

answers,  My  Dear  D s  Pll  Carry  you  off  through  fire  or  Water,  On  the 

extreme  r.  is  a  church. 

The  scene  is  explained  by  an  article,  *Amorous  Conflagration'  (pi.)  in 
the  Bon  Ton  Magazine ^  i.  364-6.  Lord  P — g — t,  being  in  love  with  the 
Duchess  of  Rutland,  and  the  Duke  of  Bedford  with  Lady  Salisbury, 
induced  Lord  and  Lady  Essex  to  arrange  a  hunt  with  Mr.  Meynell's 
hounds,  the  party  sleeping  at  the  latter's  hunting-box.  The  two  lovers 
prepared  combustibles  sufficient  to  create  a  diversion  which  would  cover 
their  designs  upon  the  ladies ;  the  house,  however,  caught  fire  and  they  had 
to  warn  the  household  to  escape,  Mr.  Meynell  jumping  from  a  window. 
For  Hugo  Meynell  and  the  Quorn  Hunt  see  W.  C.  A.  Blew,  The  Quorn 
Hunt  and  its  Masters ^  1899,  pp.  43-67.  For  Paget  and  the  Duchess  see 
Lord  Hylton,  The  Paget  Brothers,  1918,  pp.  3,  5,  7. 
i4|Xi8|in. 

8002  [MRS.  ANNA  DAVIS.] 

London  Pu¥  July  7'*  lygi  hy  W  Holland  iV"  50  Oxford  SK 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  Heading  to  a  set  of  verses  printed  in  two 
columns,  and  purporting  to  be  a  song  made  formerly  by  the  boys  of  West- 
minster School  on  an  application  from  'M'"^  Anna  Davis'  to  Dr.  Smith  (see 
No.  4921,  &c.)  *to  whip  Master  Lloyd  and  some  other  boys  who  kept 
bantam  fowls  in  a  yard  adjoining  her  house  and  disturbed  her  much  .  .  .'. 
An  ugly  old  maid  in  a  half-tester  bed  sits  up  and  frowns  angrily  at  a  grin- 
ning schoolboy  (1.)  who  stands  just  within  the  open  door  holding  a  cock. 
On  a  chair  by  her  bed  is  a  lighted  candle,  Ovid's  Art  of  Love,  and  a  pair 
of  spectacles.  Her  stays  and  shoes  lie  on  the  floor.  The  verses  are  directed 
*to  M""  Holland'  by  'Pedagogue'  on  the  occasion  of  Mrs.  Davis's  death: 
they  relate  that  Mrs.  Anna  Davis,  an  elderly  prude,  had  amorous  desires 
towards  'charming  Jacky  Lloyd'. 

Mrs.  Anna  Davis,  of  College  Street,  Westminster,  eldest  daughter  of 
Owen  Davis,  died  23  March  1791  'much  respected  and  lamented'.   Gent. 
Mag.,  1791,  p.  382. 
6JX9  in.   Broadside,  15! X 9!  in. 

8003  [FRONTISPIECE  TO  PETER  PINDAR'S  COMMISERATING 
EPISTLE  TO  LORD  LONSDALE.  1791.] 

Engraving.  A  lean  vulture,  its  wings  stretching  across  the  design,  swoops 
down,  scattering  many  birds  and  putting  to  flight  hares,  rabbits,  geese  and 
goslings  on  the  ground  below.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

ThuSy  when  the  Vulture  gaunt,  with  hungry  beak, 

And  talons  ready  for  a  Fowl  or  Steak, 
Darts  for  a  dinner  from  his  dizzy  height. 

Confusion  scatters  the  wild  Tribes  of  Air, 

And  lo — below.  Goose,  Gosling,  Rabbit,  Hare, 
Pants  at  his  form — and  all  is  fear  and  flight. 
The  vulture  is  Lord  Lonsdale,  who  is  ironically  commiserated  in  the 
verses  that  he  should : 

Yield  to  the  anger  of  a  tiny  Town, 

Who  oft  has  frighten 'd  Counties  with  a  frown! 

A  set  of  smutty  Colliers  mock  thy  pow'r! 

A  Hogstye  lord  it  o'er  a  lofty  Tow'r! 

860 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

He  is  violently  attacked  for  tyranny  over  Cumberland  and  over  his 
tenants.  The  'Argument'  explains  that  houses  in  Whitehaven  having  been 
damaged  by  subsidence,  owing  to  Lowther's  coal-mines,  one  Littledale 
brought  an  action  against  him  and  was  successful,  whereupon  the  towns- 
people illuminated  their  houses.  On  this  Lowther  stopped  work  at  the 
coal-mine,  but  afterwards  promised  to  reopen  it  on  condition  that  he 
should  not  be  responsible  for  damage  to  houses.  For  this  publication  pro- 
ceedings were  taken  by  information  against  Wolcot.  London  Chronicle^ 
II  and  14  Feb.  1792.  See  Nos.  8155,  8156. 
9X7I  in.  B.M.L.  642,  1.  10/18. 

8004  RESIST  UNTO  BLOOD      THE  TRUE  CHRISTIAN  WAR- 
FARE, THE  SPIRIT  AGAINST  THE  FLESH. 

J  Cruikshank :  Del. 

[Pub.  by  S.  Fores,  3  Piccadilly  17  Feb.  1791.^] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fracas  in  Hendon  churchyard  between 
two  parsons  during  a  burial.  The  coffin  lies  by  the  side  of  the  grave ;  one 
of  the  combatants  steps  on  it  and  smites  his  antagonist  with  his  book.  A 
gravedigger  looks  on  delightedly.  A  crowd  of  mourners  fills  the  r.  part  of 
the  design ;  one,  a  woman,  has  fallen  into  the  open  grave  in  the  foreground. 
An  undertaker's  man  pushes  back  the  crowd  of  mourners  with  a  pole 
(draped  in  black),  saying,  Stand  back — Stand  hack  A  Ring  a  Ring;  a  grave- 
digger,  raising  his  spade,  says,  keep  back.  A  man,  fashionably  dressed, 
stands  behind  one  of  the  combatants,  saying,  10  Guineas  my  Man  does  him ; 
a  stout  bishop  wearing  mitre,  lawn  sleeves,  and  apron,  standing  (1.)  behind 
the  other,  answers  done  d — mme.  The  lid  of  the  coffin  is  partly  raised, 
showing  a  young  woman's  face  in  a  shroud;  a  man,  absorbed  in  the  com- 
bat, pours  liquid  on  the  face.  The  mourners  cry :  Good  Lord  Deliver  us  | 
we  beseech  thee  to  hear  us  \  have  mercy  on  us  \  help  us  \  against  our  enemies  \ 
from  all  dangers.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  woman  lies  on  the  ground,  her  breast 
uncovered,  her  head  supported  by  a  man  who  gives  her  something  to 
drink,  saying,  by  Job  this  is  the  most  Silent  fit  she  ever  hady  it  was  her  love 
for  her  spiritual  Instructor.  Another  man  kneels  beside  her,  saying.  If  this 
wont  do  there  is  no  thing  can.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  tombstone :  Here 
lies  Broughton  [the  pugilist,  actually  buried  in  Lambeth].  A  skull  says, 
/  thought  this  had  been  the  Resurrection ;  against  it  lies  the  wig  of  one  of  the 
parsons.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  A  Sketch  for  an  Altar  Piece  for  the 
Church  at  Hendon. 

9i6XiSin. 

8005  AN  AMOROUS  IRISH  BARRISTER  PERFORMING  A 
PRINCIPAL  CHARACTER  IN  A  NEW  AFTERPIECE  CALLED 
THE  DISAGREEABLE  SURPRIZE!!! 

[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  by  Paddy  Whack.  July  lygi  [?  Holland.] 

Engraving  (partly  coloured).  A  good-looking  young  man,  in  profile  to  the 

r.,  raises  a  riding- whip  to  strike  a  small,  lean,  and  ugly  barrister  wearing  a 

voluminous  gown  (r.)  who  flees  from  him,  turning  his  head  in  profile  to 

ay:  Christ  JasuSy  man,  what  are  you  at?  I  only  kiss'd  her  in  joke,  only  in  joke 

^  Manuscript  note  on  print. 

861 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Upon  my  conscience!  His  assailant  says  Sure  Fll  give  you  the  satisfaction  of 
a  Gentleman  when  Fm  done,  my  dear!  What  the  devil  would  you  have  more! 
By  Jasus  Fll  teach  you  to  kiss  my  Wife  zvithout  my  leave!  You'll  be  for 
stroke — her  next  to  be  sure;  but  Fll  put  some  capital  strokes  upon  your  back 
first  with  a  good  horsewhip,  my  little  Ram  of  the  Law!  Behind  (1.)  a  man 
with  a  raised  club  stops  the  approach  of  a  group  of  men  who  advance 
angrily  with  clenched  fists ;  he  says  Fair  play,  by  the  holy!  no  breaking  in  ye 
spalpeens!  Two  of  the  crowd  say,  Fair  play  do  you  call  it  Measter — by  my 
soul  I  think  it  is  as  foul  play  as  ever  I  saw,  and  O  tunder  o  nouns  our  little 
Orator  will  be  cut  in  three  halves! 
9iXi3iim. 

8006  FRENCH  DISCERNMENT;  OR,  A  BUMLING  DISCOVERY! 
[  ?  Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  July  i  lygi  by  W  Holland,  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  good-looking  young  woman  (r.)  walks 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  leaning  slightly  forward,  her  hands  held  out  as  if 
alarmed.  Her  skirts  project  at  the  back.  She  says,  My  back  Settlements  I 
fear  will  not  secure  me  from  a  discovery.  She  wears  a  plain  hat  with  conical 
crown  over  a  muslin  cap.  An  elderly  and  ugly  woman  (r.)  crouches  behind 
her,  inspecting  her  back,  and  saying,  God  bless  me  what  a  discovery!   Yes; 

yes,  it  is  certainly  the  Q- — s  A /  [Queen's  ass,  cf.  No.  7384,  &c.]. 

lojxizf  in. 

8007  THE  PROSPECT  BEFORE  US 

[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  Jan  13,  lygi  by  S.  W.  Fores,  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8008.  The 
dancers  and  musicians  of  the  Opera  House  in  the  Haymarket  appeal  for 
charity,  one  of  them,  in  back  view,  carries  on  his  head  a  model  of  their  new 
house,  the  roof,  which  is  partly  untiled,  being  inscribed  Pray  remember  the 
Poor  Dancers  (as  begging  sailors  were  wont  to  carry  a  model  of  a  ship). 
In  the  foreground  is  a  row  of  ragged  performers :  a  'cellist  and  a  vigorous 
performer  on  the  kettle-drum  on  the  extreme  1. ;  next  them  is  a  violinist 
clad  only  in  a  ragged  shirt.  Behind  is  a  man  blowing  a  French  horn ;  a 
prima-ballerina,  probably  Mile  Hillisburgh,  dances  and  sings,  wearing 
finery  combined  with  a  ragged  petticoat  which  she  holds  up,  displaying 
bare  legs.  Next  her  a  handsome  dancer  (Vestris,  see  No.  5905,  &c.)  in  shirt 
and  ragged  breeches,  poised  elegantly  on  one  toe,  holds  out  his  fashion- 
able cocked  hat  to  a  chimney-sweep,  who  puts  in  a  coin.  A  ragged  opera- 
singer  ( ?  Sestini)  clasps  her  hands  before  her  naked  breast.  An  elderly 
man  holds  out  his  hat  to  a  stout  butcher  on  the  extreme  r.  who  puts  in 
some  unsavoury-looking  meat  (hearts). 

Behind  (1.)  is  part  of  a  house  from  whose  first-floor  windows  spectators 
watch  the  scene.  Over  the  door  is  a  placard:  Surveying,  Brickmaking, 
Breeches  Balls,  and  all  other  kind  of  Sweetmeats,  by  Michael  Nincompoop 
[Novosielski].  On  the  1.  is  a  poster:  A  New  Fantoccini  this  Evening  called 
Humbugallo  in  the  Dumps,  a  Dance  called  the  Battle  of  Brick-bats,  to  conclude 
with  a  grand  crush  by  all  the  performers.  On  the  r.  are  gabled  houses  with 

862 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

casement  windows.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved:  Humanely  inscribed 
to  all  those  Professors  of  Music ^  and  Dancing,  whom  the  cap  may  fit. 

A  satire  on  the  discomfiture  of  the  performers  engaged  for  the  newly 
rebuilt  Opera  House  in  the  Haymarket,  buih  for  Michael  Novosielski  by 
Thomas  Leverton  (see  water-colour  drawing  of  part  of  the  building  while 
being  rebuilt  in  1790,  Grace  Collection,  xi,  No.  114,  and  Grace's  Pennant, 
V,  pi.  51).  They  failed  to  get  a  licence  for  dramatic  performances.  Their 
best  female  singer  was  'poor  old  Sestini',  and  they  only  obtained  an 
audience  through  party  rancour  (see  No.  8010).  Mount  Edgcumbe, 
Musical  Reminiscences,  1827,  p.  74.  The  names  of  the  musicians  and 
dancers  appear  in  advertisements  in  the  Public  Advertiser,  e.g.  31  March 
1791.   See  No.  8010,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  284  (reproduction). 
iiiiXi8ftm. 

8008  THE  PROSPECT  BEFORE  US. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pub"^  as  the  Act  directs  Jany  13  lygi  by  S.  W.  Fores  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8007.  The 
interior  of  the  Pantheon,  reconstructed  as  a  theatre,  seen  from  the  stage 
on  which,  in  the  foreground,  are  two  opera  dancers  holding  garlands  of 
roses.  The  house  is  crowded ;  in  the  foreground  (1.  and  r.)  are  three  tiers 
of  stage-boxes  filled  with  admiring  spectators.  Behind  the  stage  are  the 
heads  and  shoulders  of  the  orchestra ;  a  very  old  man  on  the  extreme  r. 
holding  a  'cello  puts  an  ear-trumpet  to  his  ear.  Behind  the  orchestra  is  the 
crowded  pit  and  in  the  background  six  tiers  of  boxes  (there  were  actually 
four  tiers,  Lond.  Chronicle,  11  Feb.);  above  it  is  a  gallery  in  which  tiny 
figures  are  indicated.  In  the  centre  of  the  grand  tier  is  the  royal  box, 
in  which  the  King  (looking  through  an  opera-glass)  and  Queen  are  seated. 
Beneath  the  design  is  engraved:  Respetfully  dedicated  to  those  Singers, 
Dancers,  &  Musical  Professors,  who  are  fortunately  engaged  with  the  Pro- 
prietor of  the  Kings  Theatre,  at  the  Pantheon. 

The  Pantheon  was  transformed  into  a  theatre  by  its  architect,  Wyatt; 
the  opera  was  successfully  carried  on  there  during  the  season  of  1791 
with  'two  very  good  companies  and  ballets'.  Mount  Edgcumbe,  Musical 
Reminiscences,  1827,  P- 1^-  The  dancers  are  M.  Didelot  and  Mme.  Theodore 
in  the  ballet  of  Amphion  and  Thalia.  Grego  in  Vuillot,  Hist,  of  Dancing, 
1898,  ii.  401.  For  Didelot  see  C.  W.  Beaumont,  Bibliography  of  Dancing, 
1929,  p.  62.  The  success  of  the  Pantheon,  with  royal  patronage,  is  con- 
trasted with  the  plight  of  the  rival  theatre,  see  No.  8010,  &c. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  286  (reproduction).    Reproduced:  Paston,  pi, 
Ixxiv ;  Vuillot,  op.  et  loc.  cit. 
iil|Xi8Jin. 

8009  CHAOS  IS  COME  AGAIN! 
[Rowlandson.] 

Qui  Capit  inven^    Ille  Habet  fed 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  S.  W.  Fores  Piccadilly  Feb'y  4.  lygi. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  Drury  Lane  Theatre 
which  is  collapsing  during  a  performance.   The  theatre  is  seen  from  the 

863 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL   AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

side  of  the  pit,  the  stage  and  curtain  being  on  the  extreme  I.,  and  the 
orchestra  receding  diagonally  in  perspective  from  1.  to  r.  Large  blocks  of 
stone  fall  from  the  roof,  with  men  and  women  clinging  to  them;  others 
have  already  fallen  and  are  crushing  the  occupants  of  the  pit,  who  try  to 
escape.  On  the  r.  a  gallery  falls  from  the  roof,  covered  with  falling  figures 
and  shattered  by  blocks  of  stone.  The  pillars  of  the  tiers  of  boxes  which 
form  a  background  are  breaking.  Tiny  figures  in  the  boxes  are  freely 
sketched  in  attitudes  of  terror.  On  the  stage  (1.)  is  an  actress  holding  out 
a  goblet ;  an  actor  in  Roman  armour  falls  into  the  orchestra  under  a  huge 
block  of  stone.   Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

Music  has  charms  to  soothe  the  savage  breast^ 
To  soften  bricks  and  bend  the  knotted  Oak! 

Apparently  a  satire  on  the  forthcoming  demolition  of  Drury  Lane 
Theatre  for  purposes  of  rebuilding.  The  last  performance  in  the  old 
theatre  was  on  4  June  1791,  and  the  autumn  season  opened  (22  Sept.) 
at  the  (new)  Opera  House  in  the  Haymarket,  see  No.  801 1.  Genest, 
English  Stagey  vii.  20,  45. 

Also  a  proof  with  inscriptions  in  pen,  date  9  Feb. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  287  (reproduction,  p.  288).   Reproduced,  Paston, 
pi.  Ixxv. 
iij^6Xi6J  in. 

8010  HIGH  COMMITTEE,  OR,  OPERATICAL  CONTEST 

[Dent.] 

Pub^  by  I  Aitken  AT^  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  [1791] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  managers  of  the  two  rival  opera 
houses  (the  Pantheon  and  the  King's  Theatre  the  Haymarket),  stripped  to 
the  waist,  are  engaged  in  a  pugilistic  encounter,  their  respective  backers 
behind  them.    M^  O'R  (O'Reilly),  much  the  larger  of  the  two,  faces 

M^  T (Taylor).   The  belt  of  the  former's  breeches  is  inscribed  Real 

Irishy  that  of  the  latter  Lingham's  Elastic.  Behind  Taylor  are  his  bottle- 
holder,  Sheridan  (M'  S ),  holding  a  bottle  inscribed  Sherry^  and  the 

Prince  of  Wales  {The  P ),  wearing  a  hat  with  three  feathers  and  the 

motto  Ich  Dien.  Behind  them  and  on  the  extreme  r.  stands  the  Chancellor, 
Thurlow,  holding  a  paper  inscribed  Equity ,  with  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  by  his 
side.  Behind  O'Reilly  stand  Lady  Salisbury,  holding  a  bottle  inscribed 
Wiskeyy  and  her  husband,  the  Lord  Chamberlain,  with  his  wand  of  office 

(L — d  &  L — y  S ) ;  he  holds  a  string  attached  to  the  nose  of  the  King 

who  stands  with  Queen  Charlotte  on  the  extreme  1.  Under  O'Reilly's  feet 
is  a  music-book :  Stoney  Batter. 

Behind  the  two  parties  are  buildings  symbolizing  the  two  opera  houses 
(resembling  stage-boxes);  between  them  a  street  recedes  in  perspective: 
on  the  roofs  of  the  corner  houses  stand  two  cats  miaowing  at  each  other. 
On  the  1.  is  the  Pantheon  Opera,  showing  three  H.L.  figures  performing:  on 
the  extreme  r.  Mme.  Mara  sings  seated  (cf.  No.  7067),  her  hands  meeting 
at  her  waist ;  next  her  is  a  vocalist  wearing  a  feathered  helmet,  probably 
Pacchierotti,  and  on  the  1.  is  a  violinist.  Below  is  the  inscription  Rehearsal 
Gratis.  On  the  r.  is  the  Haymarket  Opera  with  H.L.  figures:  a  man  plays 
a  hurdy-gurdy  which  is  slung  to  his  shoulders,  a  goose  hisses;  a  man 
(}  David)  sings  in  an  attitude  resembling  that  of  Mme.  Mara;  a  man 

864 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL    SATIRES    1791 

leans  out  of  the  box,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  out  his  hat,  and  saying, 
By  Cot  my  Poetic  Fame  will  support  de  House  vidout  von  bit  of  Stone.  He 
resembles  the  (?)  Alfieri  of  No.  6315.  (Alfieri  made  his  fourth  visit  to 
England  in  1791,  arriving  in  April.    Vita^  1807,  ii.  202.) 

The  Haymarket  Opera  House  was  burnt  down  17  June  1789,  but  was 
rebuilt  in  time  for  the  season  of  1791.  In  the  meantime  the  Pantheon  had 
been  transformed  into  a  theatre,  the  Lord  Chamberlain's  license  had  been 
secured,  together  with  the  sanction  of  the  King  to  call  it  his  theatre.  The 
proprietors  of  the  Haymarket  had  also  engaged  performers  (according  to 
advertisements  at  a  cost  of  ,£15,000)  without  ascertaining  whether  they 
could  obtain  a  licence.  They  at  last  got  leave  to  open  the  theatre  for  music 
and  dancing,  but  not  for  dramatic  performances.  One  opera,  PirrOy  was 
heard  only  at  one  rehearsal  gratis.  The  only  singer  of  tolerable  merit  was 
David.  At  the  Pantheon  operas  were  regularly  performed,  the  duets  of 
Mara  and  Pacchierotti  being  especially  remarkable.  Party  feeling  ran  high 
(the  position  of  Thurlow,  with  the  Opposition,  should  be  noted,  cf.  No. 
8097,  &c.):  the  patrons  of  the  Haymarket  'being  rancorous  against  the 
Lord  Chamberlain  and  the  Pantheonites'.  Mount  Edgcumbe,  Musical 
Reminiscences,  1827,  pp.  69-76.  Mrs.  Sheridan  in  June  1790  'overheard 
Lord  Salisbury  advise  Miss  Boyle  "by  no  means  to  subscribe  to  Taylor's 
Opera,  as  O'Reilly's  would  certainly  have  the  patent".'  R.  C.  Rhodes, 
Harlequin  Sheridan,  1933,  p.  153.  The  Pantheon  opened  for  opera  on 
10  Feb.  1 79 1,  the  Haymarket,  for  music  and  dancing,  on  26  March,  the 
Prince  of  Wales  in  the  pit ;  proceedings  against  the  performers  under  the 
Vagrancy  Act  for  an  unlicensed  performance  were  then  believed  to  be 
pending.  Lond.  Chronicle,  28  March.  Walpole  wrote,  18  Feb.,  'the  contest 
will  grow  politics  .  .  .'.  Letters,  xiv.  379;  see  also  pp.  388-9,  399-400.  For 
William  Taylor  (afterwards  M.P.  for  Leominster),  a  protege  of  Sheridan, 
brought  into  Parliament  by  the  Duke  of  Norfolk  on  the  recommendation 
of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  see  Farington,  Diary,  i.  40.  See  also  Nos.  7840, 
8007,  8008. 
9J-Xi3f  in. 

8011  POOR  OLD  DRURY  IN  THE  HAYMARKET. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Oct  2^  lygi 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  transference  of  the  Drury  Lane  company  to  the 
Opera  House  ('the  King's  Theatre  in  the  Haymarket')  during  the  rebuild- 
ing of  the  theatre,  when  prices  were  raised.  A  stout  woman  stands  outside 
the  theatre  door  addressing  two  young  men  (1.),  Town  Crops,  wearing 
cropped  hair  and  extravagantly  dressed  in  the  manner  of  the  bloods  of  the 
period,  see  No.  8040,  &c.  She  has  a  basket  of  fruit  on  her  arm,  from  which 
hangs  a  paper  inscribed  Having  increased  my  Concerns  and  been  oblidged  to 
hire  a  larger  Basket  the  Public  are  desired  to  pay  20  per  Cent  more  for  their 
Fruit.  She  says.  We  overflow  every  night — its  such  a  charming  place  to  take 
the  Town  in — we  do  nothing  at  half  Price.  The  foremost  crop  answers,  Dont 
you!  then  it  wont  do  for  us,  we  can't  stand  to  more,  so  we  ?nust  Lounge  the 
outside — tho'  my  Blood  is  in  fine  order  for  an  inside  kickup — a  glorious  Rozv^ 

^  A  row  was  a  new  word,  the  earliest  instance  in  the  O.E.D.  being  1787.   Grose 
calls  it  'a  term  used  by  the  students  at  Cambridge'.  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue,  1796. 

865  3  K 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Dam'me.  They  wear  their  coats  slipping  off  their  shoulders,  as  the  mode 
was,  revealing  ragged  shirts,  and  carry  short  canes.  Another  stout  old 
woman,  a  bawd  supporting  herself  on  a  stick,  stands  with  her  back  to  the 
fruit-seller;  under  both  extends  the  word  Croppers.  She  addresses  a 
countryman  who  says  to  her,  his  hands  in  his  pockets.  Father  zent  I  to  zell 
zix  loads  of  Hay  and  to  buy  a  Mare  thats  what  I  be  come  to  Town  for.  She 
answers.  Good  lack!  how  lucky!  I  deal  in  Mares — come — go  with  me  to  the 
Turk^s  Heady  and  Fll  help  you  to  a  bargain^  as  pretty^  a  youngs  nice^  going 
thing  as  you  could  wish  for — Its  well  the  Scene  is  shifted — something  may  be 
got  by  these  Country  Crops.  Behind  the  first  countryman  stand  two  gaping 
wagoners,  holding  long  whips.   All  have  short  hair. 

The  theatre-door  is  inscribed  Pit  and  Boxes.  Over  it  is  a  wide-open 
window  in  which  stands  Sheridan  between  two  men;  to  one  (1.),  probably 
Thomas  Linley,  he  says,  You  see  a  little  management  and  you  may  do  any 
thing  with  the  Town ;  Linley  answers,  We  thrive ,  Sir,  and  no  murmuring,  all 
are  satisfied.  The  third  (r.),  probably  Kemble,  addressing  the  street  below, 
says,  We  want  Money  as  sure  as  I  can  say  Dam'me.  On  each  side  of  the 
window  is  a  bill:  (1.)  In  private  Rehearsal,  the  Masque  of  Croesus  translated 
from  the  Italian  by  Surface  &  Co  (cf.  No.  7510,  &c.),  and  (r.)  The  Audience 
may  depend  upon  hearing  distinctly  M'  Phillimore*s  Hearing  being  placed  in 
the  most  distant  part  for  that  necessary  Purpose.  Beneath,  and  above  the 
head  of  the  old  bawd,  is  Poor  \  Old  Drury  \  Haunted  \  Tower.  These  were 
the  two  plays  (with  The  Pannel)  with  which  the  season  opened  on  22  Sept. 
The  former,  an  'Occasional  Prelude*,  was  a  burlesque  representation  of  the 
difficulties  of  removal  from  Drury  Lane.   Baker,  Biog.  Dram. 

On  the  opening  of  the  performance  there  were  attempts  to  make  a  dis- 
turbance, with  a  cry  for  'Old  Prices',  but  Kemble  addressed  the  audience 
saying  that  the  removal  from  Drury  Lane  had  cost  over  ^11,000.  Lond. 
Chronicle,  23  Sept.  1791.  One  of  the  effects  in  Poor  Old  Drury  was  that 
Phillimore,  who  was  placed  in  the  gallery,  called  out  to  Parsons  that  he 
could  hear  him  perfectly.  Parsons  having  roared  out  that  he  wanted  to  play 
in  tragedy,  that  he  might  be  heard.  Phillimore  was  hissed  for  a  supposed 
interruption.   Baker,  op.  cit.   See  also  No.  8009. 

9jXi3|in. 

8012  A  STROKE  AT  THE  PLENIPO  OR  MARY'S  MISTAKE 
[L  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  April  25  1791  by  S  Fores  N  3  Piccad^^y  where  may  be 
seen  the  greatest  collect*^  of  Caracatures  in  the  Kingdom  admit"  i  sh 
likeways  the  head  &  hand  of  Count  Struenzee. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  massive  Lady  Mary  Duncan,  stand- 
ing against  the  trunk  of  a  large  bare  tree,  kisses  the  Turkish  Plenipotentiary 
(1.),  holding  him  by  his  beard ;  she  says,  Poor  Man!  Can  I  relieve  thy  wants? 
There  shall  not  then  a  stone  be  left  Unturned  {Poor  Pacch)  to  Ease  thy  Labour- 
ing Breast.  Pacchierotti  stands  (r.)  looking  round  the  tree-trunk,  and  say- 
ing. Oh  mio  Dolore,  Mary  Crudel  now  I  have  lost  all  my  Jewels,  oh  de  forsaken 
Abelard,  thus  left  to  shrivel  like  this  lifeless  Trunk.  On  the  tree  is  a  placard : 
By  Order  of  his  Majesty  any  Person  or  Persons  committing  Nuisances  will  be 
Prosecuted.  In  the  background  is  a  road  leading  over  a  small  bridge  (1.)  on 
which  is  a  man  driving  (1.  to  r.)  a  high  phaeton  with  six  horses,  followed 

866 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

by  a  man  on  horseback.  Other  carriages  are  on  the  r.  On  the  south  side 
of  the  road  is  a  row  of  detached  buildings,  one  inscribed  [Paten]t  Floor- 
clot[h],  indicating  that  it  is  the  King's  Road,  Chelsea,  where  there  was  a 
noted  floorcloth  manufactory.  The  stream  is  the  West  Bourne,  now  carried 
across  Sloane  Square  Station  in  a  pipe. 

There  were  many  coarse  jests  on  the  supposed  amorous  character  of  the 
Ambassador  from  the  Porte,  see  No.  7935.  Lady  Mary  Duncan  (1723- 
1806),  d.  of  the  7th  Earl  of  Thanet,  m.  10  Sept.  1763  Sir  W.  Duncan, 
Physician  to  the  King.  For  her  infatuation  with  Pacchierotti  see  No.  6125. 

8i^gXi2fin. 


8013  "OH  THAT  THIS  TOO  TOO  SOLID  FLESH  WOULD  MELT" 

[Gillray.]  Designed  for  the  Shakespeare  Gallery, 

Pu¥  March  20^^  lygi  by  H.  Humphrey.  A^«  18.  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  very  short  and 
corpulent  woman  stands  full  face,  her  handkerchief  is  raised  towards  her 
face  as  if  to  mop  it,  her  1.  arm  is  clasped  by  a  man  of  similar  proportions, 
who  kneels  in  profile  to  the  1.,  looking  up  at  her  with  a  pained  expression. 

A  satire  on  Boydell's  Shakespeare  Gallery,  see  No.  7584.  This  print 
appears  in  Humphrey's  shop-window  in  Gillray's  Very  Slippery  Weather 
(1808). 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  125.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  421. 

7iX7iiin. 


8014  "THE  ACCUSING  SPIRIT  WHICH  FLEW  UP  TO  HEAVENS 
"CHANCERY  WITH  THE  OATH,  BLUSH'D  AS  HE  GAVE  IT 
"IN,  AND  THE  RECORDING  ANGEL  AS  HE  WROTE  IT  DOWN 
"DROPT  A  TEAR  ON  THE  WORD,  AND  BLOTTED  IT  OUT 
"FOR  EVER." 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  April  5'*  lygi  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  i8.  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Recording  Angel  sits  full  face  in 
the  upper  part  of  the  design,  writing  at  a  long  scroll,  which  rests  on  a  small 
but  very  solid  rectangular  table  supported  on  billowing  clouds.  He  is  a 
sulky-faced  naked  child,  with  wide-spread  wings  and  wearing  a  nightcap. 
A  large  tear  falls  from  his  r.  eye.  The  Accusing  Spirit,  a  bald-headed, 
elderly  man,  his  face  blotched  with  drink,  with  wings  and  wearing  a  long 
robe,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holds  up  to  the  Angel  a  paper  inscribed  He  shall 
not  dye  by  xxx.  The  winged  heads  of  a  man  and  woman,  poised  on  the 
claws  of  birds  of  prey,  rest  on  clouds  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design ; 
he  regards  her  insinuatingly,  she  grins  back.  A  cherub's  winged  head  flies 
behind  the  Accusing  Spirit.  Rays  of  light  fall  diagonally  from  the  r.  on 
the  Recording  Angel.  Billowing  clouds  complete  the  design.  Below  the 
title :  Dedicated  (without  permission)  to  the  Rev^  M^  Peters. 

No  picture  by  Peters  has  been  traced  of  which  this  is  a  direct  burlesque. 
Cf.  No.  7965. 

14IX  II J  in. 

867 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8015  LESSONS  OF  LOVE  OR  ARCHITECTURE  TAUGHT  BY 
INTUITION  OR  THE  CARPETERS  SOLILOQUY. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥  May  lygi  by  S.  W.  Fores  N^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  man  tied  to  a  pillar  is  flogged  by  two  footmen,  urged  on 
by  their  master  who  stands  on  the  extreme  r.,  raising  a  whip  and  clench- 
ing his  fist.  They  say :  By  George  this  is  too  bad  tis  Enough  to  kill  a  Horse,  and, 
That's  enough  I  cannot  hold  out  any  longer ,  the  poor  fellow' s  Dying.  Their 
master  says :  You  D — d  Chicken  hearted  fellow  feeling — Compassionate — 
Merdfull  Humane  Tender — Pitifull  Dog  you  III  Horse  Whip  you  to  Death  if 
you  dont  keep  on  this  Hour  or  two.  At  his  feet  is  a  scroll  inscribed:  Sir 
Doucour — very  Handsome  may  depend  our  Silence  Times  Herald  Post  &c. 
&c.  &c.  A  wall  forming  the  background  is  covered  with  freely  sketched 
architectural  drawings,  three  being  inscribed:  A  Plan  of  Carlton  House 
(showing  the  colonnade),  The  Wum  of  Hoi — nd,  and  Slone  Street.  On 
the  extreme  1.  a  lady  walks  off  in  distress  clasping  her  hands  and  saying. 
Oh  my  Dear  Chip  I  could  have  happy  [sic]  to  have  liv'd  on  Bread  &  Chees 
with  thee.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  pile  of  carpenter's  tools  (saw,  plane,  &c.). 
After  the  title :  Dedicated  to  the  People  of  Holland. 

A  satire  on  Henry  Holland  the  architect,  who  had  recently  built  Sloane 
Street  as  a  speculation,  having  bought  100  acres  in  Chelsea  c.  1780.  On 
2  June  1 79 1  Sheridan  moved  that  a  copy  of  Holland's  account  of  the 
receipts  and  expenditure  of  Treasury  issues  for  Carlton  House  should  be 
laid  before  the  House;  this  was  done,  and  a  committee  was  appointed  to 
examine  them.  Lond.  Chron.,  3  and  4  June.  In  the  print  he  is  represented 
as  a  mere  builder  or  a  carpenter  ('Chip').  The  application  of  the  satire  is 
obscure.  His  practice  of  charging  for  measuring  buildings  in  addition  to 
the  usual  architect's  fee  was  severely  censured  by  Soane.  (Letter  to  Earl 
Spencer,  1799,  pp.  3  ff.) 

9isXi3Ain. 

8016  A  GREAT  ARCHITECT  MODELLING  OR  S^  W IN  HIS 

STUDY. 

Published  Jany  13  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Sir  William  Chambers  sits  in  profile  to  the  1.  at  a  small  round 
table ;  on  it  is  a  house  of  cards  which  is  falling  in  pieces.  From  his  pocket 
protrudes  a  paper  inscribed  Art  of  scored  through,  followed  by  Grant  of 
ParlK  Beside  him  on  the  ground  (r.)  is  a  large  book  or  portfolio :  Art  of 
Building  and  Rebuilding  or  Palladio  improved  by  S — W — C.  Other  papers 
(1.)  are  Affidavit  It  was  only  a  crack  signed — Adam  [and]  Wyat  and  Bills  for 
repairing  S.  H.  On  the  wall  are  three  pictures :  (1.  to  r.)  (i)  a  rock  entitled 
Inigo  Jones,  (2)  a  picture  in  a  broken  frame :  The  House  that  Jack  built, 
a  view  of  the  north  (Strand)  front  of  Somerset  House,  (3)  A  Ruin  A  View 
on  the  Thames,  a  picture  of  the  south  front  of  Somerset  House  in  ruins. 

Somerset  House  was  rebuilt  (1776-86)  by  Sir  William  Chambers,  the 
north  front  being  an  enlarged  copy  of  the  old  palace  built  by  Inigo  Jones. 
On  22  Dec.  1790,  Burke  said  in  the  House  of  Commons  that  he  had  been 
present  at  a  prize-giving  by  the  Royal  Academy  when  alarming  cracks  were 
heard,  which  proved  to  have  been  caused  by  two  main  beams  of  the  floor 
having  given  way.  Pari.  Hist,  xxviii.  1191.   This  was  a  famous  occasion, 

868 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

when  Reynolds  gave  his  last  Discourse.  The  audience  rushed  to  the  door, 
but  Sir  Joshua  did  not  move  and  they  afterwards  returned.   C.  R.  Leslie, 
Autobiographical  Recollections ^   i860,  i.   143;  Whitley,  Artists  and  their 
Friends  in  England,  1928,  ii.  134-5.   See  No.  8017. 
8j%Xi2jin. 

8017  A  REPORT  FROM  THE  SURVEYORS. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  by  S.  W.  Fores  A^"  3  Piccadilly.  Feb'v  6,  1791. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  men  (1.)  stoop  forward  side  by 
side,  emitting  from  their  bared  posteriors  blasts  of  excrement  which  strike 
and  shatter  a  large  building  with  a  pediment  (r.).  Terrified  people  flee 
from  the  building,  two  lie  under  blocks  of  masonry. 

The  building  is  Somerset  House;  see  No.  8016,  where  it  appears  that 
the  surveyors  who  reported  on  the  subsidence  of  a  floor  were  'Adam* 
( ?  Robert  and  James)  and  James  Wyatt. 
8|Xi3in. 

8018  CHRISTMAS  IN  THE  COUNTRY. 

Attic  Miscellany.  \  Drawn  by  Collings.  Etched  by  Barlow. 
Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  O  Janv  J^  Ijgi- 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  113.  Illustration  to  a  set  of  verses.  The 
interior  of  a  room,  hall,  kitchen  and  parlour,  with  hams,  &c.,  hanging  from 
the  beams.  Three  men  are  seated  at  a  round  table  on  which  are  glasses, 
pipes,  and  a  huge  punch-bowl.  Two  young  women  and  two  other  men 
play  practical  jokes  on  those  who  are  seated ;  a  man  holds  a  chamber-pot 
over  the  man  (1.)  who  is  singing;  a  young  woman  points  to  the  grinning 
soot-smeared  face  of  the  second ;  another  young  woman  grips  the  wig  from 
the  head  of  the  third  (r.)  and  is  about  to  put  it  in  the  punch-bowl.  This 
man  stands  to  mix  the  punch :  a  man  pulls  his  chair  from  behind  him,  while 
his  own  pocket  receives  the  contents  of  a  jug,  waggishly  poured  in  by  a 
young  man  on  the  extreme  r.  Behind  (r.)  a  manservant  and  a  maid  embrace 
under  the  mistletoe.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  little  boy  sits  in  the  chimney- 
corner  watching  with  amusement.  All  are  in  high  good  humour.  In  the 
foreground  are  two  dogs  and  a  cat.  The  diamond  panes  of  a  broad  case- 
ment window  with  armorial  bearings  are  decorated  with  sprigs  of  holly. 
An  Almana[ck]  for  the  Year  i^gi  is  pasted  over  one  for  J790.  The  verses 
contrast  the  innocent  good  humour  (*No  joke  obscene  provok'd  our  simple 
smiles')  with  the  'more  serious  folly'  of  town  life. 
6J  X  8/g  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5255  c. 

8019  POLITE  AMUSEMENT  OR  AN  EXHIBITION  OF  BRUTE 
BEASTS  AT  THE  LYCEUM. 

Attic  Miscellany. 

Drawn  by  Collings.  Etc¥  by  Barlow. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  May  J*'  1791. 

Engraving.  Attic  Miscellany,  i.  273.  Two  men  are  boxing  on  the  stage  of 
a  theatre.  They  wear  gloves  and  ragged  waistcoats  with  sleeves.   One  (r.) 

869 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

appears  to  be  kicking  the  other.  A  referee  stands  (r.)  stooping,  his  hands 
on  his  knees.  In  the  wings,  1.  and  r.,  are  spectators,  more  or  less  fashion- 
ably dressed.  Over  the  centre  of  the  curtain,  in  place  of  the  usual  'veluti  in 
speculum'  is  Conamur  tenues  Grandia.  The  accompanying  verses,  *An 
Epistle  from  Sammy  Smart,  the  Smart  Shopman,  to  his  Mamma',  aver 
that  this  form  of  amusement  has  become  unfashionable. 

Dibdin  complains  that  during  the  season  of  The  Wags  (see  No.  7953) : 
*the  Lyceum  became  so  annoying  with  sparring,  waxwork,  wildbeasts  and 
Lincolnshire  oxen,  .  .  .'.  In  the  mornings  there  was  'a  regular  sparring- 
school'  on  his  stage.  Life  of  Dibdin^  1803,  iii.  112. 

Part  of  this  plate  was  reissued,  i  Jan.  1796,  as  Pugilism  in  the  Carlton 
House  Magazine^  iv.  412.   B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 
6ix8iin.  B.M.L.,P.P.  5255  c. 

8020  THE  ALBION  MILLS  ON  FIRE. 

London  Published  March  icP"  1791.  by  C.  Sheppard  N°  ig,  Lambert 
Hilly  Doctors  Commons. 

Engraving.  Illustration  to  verses  engraved  in  two  columns,  verses  1-4 
above  the  design,  5-8  below  it.  A  view  of  the  burning  building  seen  from 
the  south  side,  the  balustrade  of  Blackfriars  Bridge  is  on  the  extreme  1. 
On  this  a  demon  stands  playing  a  fiddle.  Another  flies  (r.)  blowing  the 
flames  with  a  pair  of  bellows.  In  the  foreground  is  a  stage  coach  with  two 
persons  on  the  roof  watching  the  fire.  In  the  background  are  two  fire- 
engines,  their  jets  of  water  reaching  to  the  roof.  The  verses  describe  the 
fire,  verse  5 : 

And  now  the  folks  begin  to  chat^ 

How  the  owners  they  did  thisy  and  thaty 

But  very  few  did  sorrow  shoWy 

That  the  Albion  Mills  were  burnt  so  low. 

The  flour-mills  were  burnt  on  2  March,  apparently  by  the  explosion  of 
a  steam-engine.  Incendiarism  was  suspected,  as  the  mills  were  popularly 
(and  incorrectly)  believed  to  raise  the  price  of  bread,  and  their  flour  was 
thought  to  be  adulterated.  London  Chronicle y  3,  10,  12,  15  March.  Ann. 
Reg.y  1791,  pp.  14-15.  See  Nos.  8021-3. 
5iX5|in.  PI.  io|x6|in. 

8021  A  BON  FIRE  FOR  THE  POOR  OR  THE  SHAME  OF  ALBION 
EXPOSED 

Pu¥  Apr^  I.  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  large  building,  the  Albion  Mills,  seen 
from  the  Thames,  is  on  fire.  Demons  rejoice  at  the  sight :  one  seated  under 
a  central  arch  at  the  waterside,  another,  squatting  on  the  chimney  of  an 
adjacent  Gin  Shop  (r.),  applies  bellows  to  the  building.  A  crowd  below  (on 
Blackfriars  Stairs)  shouts  blow  away  my  old  dad.  He  answers,  That  i  will 
for  what  they  save  in  Bread  theyl  spend  in  Gin.  Another  group  on  the 
extreme  r.  shouts  Aye  now  we  shall  have  Bread  cheaper  no  more  Adulteration 
my  boys. 

In  the  foreground  are  barges :  from  a  fire-barge  belonging  to  one  of  the 

870 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

insurance  companies  a  jet  of  water  is  directed  against  the  building ;  in  The 
Companys  Barge  are  four  dejected-looking  proprietors,  two  of  whom  say, 
/  had  rather  be  Elevated  in  Mark  Lane  [cf.  No.  6839]  ^^^^  ^^  ^^  thare  and 
///  say  I  did  not  be  long  to  the  Company.  A  jovial-looking  oarsman  says  to 
his  companion  They  look  D — d  Sulkey  about  it.  Against  the  building  lie 
barges  filled  with  sacks,  some  inscribed  Pot  8  o  (potato)  and  others  Indian 
Wheat y  implying  that  the  flour  of  the  Mills  was  adulterated.  On  the  1.  (east) 
of  the  building  are  the  masts  of  ships ;  on  the  other  side  are  small  buildings, 
and  the  SE.  corner  of  Blackfriars  Bridge.   See  No.  8020,  &c. 

7fX9Jin. 


8022  CONFLAGRATION!  OR  THE  MERRY  MEALMONGERS, 

Attic  Miscellany, 

Drawn  by  Collings.    EtcKd  by  Barlow, 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  Bentley  &  C"  April  J^  1791^ 

Engraving.  PI.  to  Attic  Miscellany y  ii.  233.  A  scene  on  Blackfriars  Bridge, 
the  Albion  Mills  on  fire  in  the  background  (1.),  a  dense  crowd  on  the  bridge 
rejoices  at  the  spectacle.  In  the  foreground  three  men  are  dancing:  two 
face  each  other  holding  hands,  but  looking  at  the  fire,  the  third  waves  his 
hat  and  a  toy  windmill.  Beside  them  (1.)  stands  a  baker's  basket  filled  with 
loaves,  and  inscribed  Bread  6^  a  Quart**.  One  (r.)  holds  out  a  broadside : 
A  New  Songy  he  carries  a  sheaf  of  papers  over  his  shoulder  inscribed  Success 
to  the  Mills  of  Albion  but  no  Albion  Mills.  After  the  title  is  engraved :  A  New 
DancCj  as  it  was  performed  with  Universal  Applause,  at  the  Theatre  Black- 
friars March  2^  1791-  The  accompanying  verses  are  on  the  theme: 

Monopoly,  thou  babe  accurs'd, 

Of  Mammon's  progeny  the  worst! 

See  No.  8020,  &c. 

The  print  has  been  issued  separately:  in  the  magazine  it  is  a  folding 
plate.  Part  of  the  plate  was  reissued  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine,  i  Aug. 
1794;  see  Volume  vii. 

6i|x8|in. 


8023  THE  BAKER'S  GLORY,  OR,  THE  CONFLAGRATION. 

[March  1791] 

Woodcut.  Heading  to  printed  verses  on  the  burning  of  the  Albion  Mills, 
from  an  old  block  ( ?  seventeenth  century).  A  woman  looks  from  the 
window  of  a  burning  house,  another  carries  off  a  bundle  on  her  head.  On 
the  r.  a  crowd  is  crudely  represented.  The  verses  relate  the  rejoicings  of 
the  populace  and  of  millers  and  bakers.  They  end : 

The  price  of  bread  so  dear  you  see, 

Let's  hope  it  vdll  much  cheaper  be, 

That  people  all  may  have  their  fills, 

It  will  make  work  for  other  Mills. 
See  No.  8020,  &c. 
if  X  2|  in.   Broadside,  13X3^!  in. 

871 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8024  THE  MODERN  HANNIBALS— OR— PETTY  COAT  VALOUR. 
Monitor  Delin^  [I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub^  March  2g.  lygi.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N°  j,  Piccadilly  where  may  be 
seen  the  Completest  Collection  of  Caricature  Prints  &  Drawings  in 
the  Kingdom  Admit  i%  Just  Pu¥,  Chesterfields  principles  Politeness 
in  the  Stile  of  M^  Bunbury  in  a  few  Days  will  be  Pii¥  Frailties  of 
Fashion. 

Engraving.  A  young  woman  stands  under  a  tree  (r.)  a  pistol  in  each  hand, 
aiming  one  at  three  fashionably  dressed  young  men,  saying.  Your  Money 
Sir^  or  Fll  lodge  a  Bullet  in  your  Brains.  One  (r.)  says,  Damme  if  I  have  any ; 
he  supports  a  military  officer,  who  exclaims,  Oh  Lord  Fm  a  Dead  man.  The 
third  (1.)  says,  Mercy  on  me  I  have  only  one  half  Crown.  In  the  distance, 
across  the  fields,  the  dome  of  St.  Paul's  is  indicated. 
iifXQiin. 

8025  BACHELORS'  HALL: 
/  Cruikshank 

London  Pub  Aprill  jo:  lygi  by  S.  W,  Fores.  No  j  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Heading  to  verses  printed  in  two 
columns:  Written  and  composed  by  Mr.  Dibdin^for  his  Entertainment  called 
The  Oddities.  Four  men  on  horseback  are  grouped  with  hounds  outside 
a  country  house,  partly  visible  on  the  r.  In  the  middle  distance  is  a  hunts- 
man on  horseback  with  a  horn  slung  across  his  shoulders. 

The  words  are  printed  in  The  Professional  Life  of  M^  Dibdin^  1803,  iii. 
216-17.   For  The  Oddities  see  No.  7953.   Other  songs,  *6d.  plain,  and  is. 
coloured*,  are  advertised  below  the  verses. 
6J|X9ig  in.   Broadside,  i6|x  lof  in. 

8026  [THE  COBBLER  TURNED  PREACHER] 
IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Published  May  i  lygi  by  S  W  Fores  No  3  Piccaddilly 

Engraving  (no  title).  A  ragged  cobbler  (not  caricatured)  wearing  an  apron 
stands  full  face  on  his  low  bench  in  the  attitude  of  a  preacher.  He  holds 
out  a  dilapidated  shoe  in  one  hand,  a  strap  in  the  other.  Behind  him  (r.) 
are  listeners:  a  stolid  man  and  two  elderly  and  agitated  crones.  On  the 
bench  behind  him  are  his  tools;  beside  it  (1.)  is  a  tub  in  which  a  shoe  is 
being  soaked,  a  hammer,  &c.  Beneath  are  etched  in  two  columns  twenty 
lines  of  verse  beginning : 

Behold  the  Man  of  Whom  His  True 
The  Mending  Trade^  He  doth  Persue 
A  favourite  subject,  cf.  No.  4709. 
A  coloured  impression  is  in  'Caricatures',  vii.  16. 
7i|X9in.  PL  i3liX9iin. 

872 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    179I 

8027  THE  BARBER'S  WEDDING 
Cruikshank  ijgi 

Pub  July  I  lygi  by  SW  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Heading  to  a  song  of  twenty-five  verses  printed  in  three 
columns.  A  barber  kneels  at  the  feet  of  a  pretty  fishwife  who  leans  back 
with  folded  arms  against  the  wall  of  a  public-house,  her  basket  of  fish 
beside  her.  On  the  wall  above  the  barber's  head  is  a  playbill:  Romeo  & 
Juliet.  In  the  background  (1.)  is  the  barber's  shop,  with  a  placard :  Gentle- 
mien]  Shavdfor  i  Penny  Glas  of  Gin;  through  the  open  door  is  a  wig  on 
a  wig-block,  the  window  with  wigs  hanging  up,  &c.  The  sign  over  the  door 
is  a  wig  on  a  realistic  head.  On  the  public-house  (r.)  is  a  placard :  Purl  at 
4  o'clock  in  the  morning.  A  man  is  coming  out  of  the  door  with  a  small 
tankard  and  glass.  Between  and  behind  the  barber  and  his  girl  sits  a  stout 
fishwife  with  a  basket  of  fish.  The  verses  begin : 

In  Liquor-pond-street,  it  is  well  known  to  many, 
An  Artist  resided,  who  shav'd  for  a  penny, 
Cut  hair  for  three  halfpence,  for  three-pence  he  bled. 
And  would  draw,  for  a  groat,  ev'ry  tooth  in  your  head. 

They  relate  his  wooing  and  his  marriage  at  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn. 

For  the  penny-barber  cf.  No.  7605. 
6f  X  9^6  in.  Broadside,  15 f  X  9I  in. 

8028  A  STROLLING  PLAYER. 
[I.  Cruikshank?] 

Pub  Feb  i6y  1791.  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving.  An  actor  stands  on  the  stage,  wearing  contemporary  dress  of 
a  military  cut,  his  hair  in  a  pigtail  queue  which  curls  upwards  grotesquely. 
His  1.  arm  is  held  out  horizontally  with  raised  palm,  in  his  r.  hand  he 
clutches  a  small  cane.  His  expression  is  melancholy  with  upturned  eyes. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched  in  two  columns : 

Tragedy. 

Grant  me  great  Mars!  once  more  in  artm  to  shiney 

And  break  like  lightning  thro'  th'  embatled  line^ 

Thro'  fields  of  death  to  wirl  the  rapid  car 

And  blaze  amidst  the  thunder  of  the  war. 

Resistless  as  the  bolt  that  rends  the  grove^ 

Or  greatly  perish  like  the  son  of  Jove. 

Alexander  the  Great. 

Alexander  the  Great  (1770)  was  an  adaptation  of  Lee's  Rival  Queens  or 
the  Death  of  Alexander  the  Great y  1677. 

7JX5iiin. 

8029  THE  ELOPEMENT! 

Publishdjune  24  lygi  by  J  Evans  41  Long  Lane. 

Engraving.  A  short,  fat,  and  ungainly  man  leads  a  tall  thin  elderly  woman 
from  a  house  towards  a  carriage,  her  maid  (r.)  closes  the  door  behind  them. 

873 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

The  man  wears  regimentals  and  is  probably  intended  for  an  officer  in  the 
London  Trained  Bands.  The  lady  carries  a  lap-dog  and  paroquet,  and 
holds  a  chain  attached  to  the  waist  of  a  monkey  who  walks  behind  her, 
wearing  a  cocked  hat  and  military  coat.  The  maid  carries  a  cage  in  which 
are  two  cats  or  kittens  (appendages  of  an  old  maid).  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved :  Sure  such  a  pair  were  never  seen. 
6JX9in. 

8030  ECCLESIASTIC  OPINIONS  CONCERNING  THE  DEVIL!! 
[Woodward  del.l 

Londo  Pu¥  Febv  14  lygi,  by  W.  Holland  N°  50,  Oxford  S* 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Two  parsons  sit  smoking  long  pipes.  One 
(1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  wearing  his  wig  back  to  front,  says :  Pray  Neighbour 
Spintexty — what  is  your  opinion  concerning  the  Devil.  The  other  (r.),  seated 
full  face,  looks  out  of  the  corners  of  his  eyes  at  his  companion  with  a  cun- 
ning leer,  and  answers.  Why  I  think y  Neighbour y  he  is  a  good  Friend  to  our 
Clothy—for  if  there  was  no  Devily  there  would  be  no  Occasion  for  Parsons!! 
Beside  him  (r.)  is  a  round  gate-leg  table  on  which  are  two  glasses  and 
a  huge  punch-bowl, 
lofx  18 J  in.  'Caricatures*,  viii.  loi. 

8031  THE  CLERICAL  EXERCISE. 

G.  M.  Woodward.  Del.  Etch'd  by  F.G.B.  [Byron.] 

London  Pu¥  DecemT  8,  lygi  by  Will'*'  Holland  N''  50  Oxford  Street 

Engraving.  The  progress  of  a  parson  from  entrance  at  a  university  to  the 
attainment  of  a  bishopric  shown  in  twenty-seven  isolated  figures  (arranged 
in  three  rows),  each  with  an  inscription.  The  first  seven  depict  a  slim 
young  man  in  cap  and  gown :  [i]  Cock  your  Capy  he  stands  with  his  gown 
trailing  on  the  ground.  [2]  Handle  your  Gown,  the  skirts  of  his  gown  are 
held  up  under  his  r.  arm.  [3]  Observe  your  stepy  he  points  a  toe.  [4]  Display 
your  learningy  he  holds  out  a  book.  [5]  Approach  your  patrony  he  bows  low, 
cap  in  hand.  [6]  Ask  for  a  livingy  he  stands  full  face,  cap  in  hand,  making 
a  deprecating  gesture.  [7]  Take  leave  of  your  Patrony  he  bows  low,  r.  hand 
on  breast,  with  a  complacent  smile.  [8]  Get  Ordain'dy  he  stands  full  face, 
a  slightly  stouter  figure,  hands  on  hips,  wearing  gown  and  bands.  [9]  Take 
Possessiony  he  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.  wearing  fashionable  riding-dress 
and  looking  through  an  eye-glass,  his  hat  and  riding-switch  under  his  r. 
arm.  [10]  Inspect  the  TitheSy  he  stands,  plainly  dressed,  holding  a  long 
document.  [11]  Pocket  the  cashy  he  stands  looking  with  satisfaction  at  a 
handful  of  coins,  his  r.  hand  in  his  breeches  pocket.  [12]  Profess  humility , 
he  stands,  fashionably  dressed,  with  downcast  eyes,  his  hands  crossed  on 
his  breast.  [13]  Follow  the  Hounds y  he  stands,  wearing  riding-dress,  in  a 
rollicking  attitude,  a  whip  in  his  r.  hand,  1.  arm  outstretched.  [14]  Poise 
your  Gun,  he  stands  holding  a  cocked  gun  in  both  hands,  a  game-bag  slung 
across  his  shoulders.  [15]  Purchase  your  Sermon,  he  stands  holding  an 
open  pamphlet,  a  coin  in  his  1.  hand  (perhaps  an  allusion  to  the  sermons 
of  Trusler,  engraved  in  script  to  resemble  handwriting,  see  No.  6337). 
[16]  Drink  your  Bumper,  he  stands  with  a  bottle  in  his  1.  hand,  raising  his 
glass  above  his  head.  [17]  Smile  at  the  Squire,  he  smiles  insinuatingly, 
striking  a  graceful  attitude,  and  holding  out  his  hat.  [18]  Make  Love  to  his 

874 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  179I 

Daughter,  he  kneels  on  one  knee  with  clasped  hands,  gazing  upwards. 
[19]  Display  your  Cambric,  he  stands  in  gown  and  bands  (for  the  first  time 
except  for  No.  8),  looking  up,  mouth  wide  open  as  if  preaching,  a  handker- 
chief in  his  1.  hand.  [20]  Shew  your  ring,  another  preacher's  gesture,  with 
r.  hand  held  out  displaying  a  large  ring  on  his  fourth  finger.  [21]  Wear  a 
Wig,  he  stands  with  a  severe  expression,  wearing  a  wig  and  gown.  From 
this  point  onwards  he  wears  a  short  bushy  wig  and  has  acquired  a  sober, 
middle-aged  appearance.  [22]  Rail  at  Luxury,  he  stands  full  face,  with 
upturned  eyes ;  he  is  becoming  obese.  [23]  Collect  your  Dues,  he  stands, 
wearing  spectacles,  with  outstretched  hand,  one  hand  in  his  coat-pocket. 
[24]  Preach  with  Spirit,  he  declaims  with  raised  hands,  his  gown  flying  out 
behind  him.  [25]  Look  out  for  a  Bishoprick,  he  peers  into  a  newspaper 
through  his  spectacles.  [26]  Attend  a  Levee,  he  stands  in  a  gown,  stout  and 
pompous,  holding  his  hat.  [27]  Sit  down  a  Bishop,  he  sits,  gross,  corpulent, 
and  ugly,  in  an  armchair,  wearing  a  mitre  and  lawn  sleeves,  his  hands 
placed  arrogantly  on  his  knees. 
i7iX27in. 

8032  DAMP  SHEETS. 

Drawn  &  Etched  by  T.  Rowlandson.  Aquatinta  by  T.  Malton 
Pu¥  Aug  I.  1791.  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted,  in  the  manner  of  a  pen  drawing.  The 
interior  of  an  inn  bedroom.  A  man  and  a  good-looking  woman  stand  in 
night-attire  with  bare  legs  holding  a  sheet;  a  buxom  chambermaid  with 
a  warming-pan  enters  (r.) ;  the  man,  who  is  lean  and  elderly,  shakes  his  1. 
fist  in  her  face;  she  gapes  stupidly.  On  the  ground  is  a  trunk,  a  pair  of 
top-boots,  a  boot-jack,  stays,  and  shoes.  A  lighted  candle  is  in  a  basin  on 
the  floor  (1.).  Behind  is  a  large  curtained  bed  with  disordered  bed-clothes. 
A  door  with  carved  panels  indicates  a  dignified  room. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  293-5  (copy).  Reproduced,  Fuchs,  p.  280  (dated 
1787). 
9JX13  in. 

8033  POLITICS. 

[After  Miss  Catharine  Fanshawe.] 

Aqua'  by  J.  Wells  R.  Pollard.  Sculf  direx*  &  Perfecit 

London:  Published  April  6^*  ijgiy  hy  M.  Ryland,  N"  10 j.  New  Bond 
Street. 

Aquatint.  The  interior  of  a  large,  dignified  room.  Seven  men  stand  talking 
politics  in  front  of  the  fire,  on  each  side  is  a  group  of  women,  irritated  at 
being  neglected  by  the  men.  The  men  stand  round  a  handsome  Adams 
chimney-piece,  on  which  are  a  Wedgwood  tazza  and  a  pair  of  ornate 
candlesticks  with  lighted  candles.  A  stout  man  stands  with  his  back  to  the 
fire,  the  others  stand  (1.  and  r.)  in  two  groups  of  three.  On  the  1.  is  a  group 
of  four  women,  one  is  uncomfortably  asleep  in  an  upright  chair,  her  muff 
has  fallen  to  the  ground ;  one  stands  holding  a  hand  of  cards,  another  sits 
with  a  grim  expression,  holding  a  fan.  Five  younger  women  and  a  child 
sit  on  the  r.,  one  yawns  violently.  The  chief  light  comes  from  the  fire;  the 
sides  of  the  room,  where  pilasters  are  indicated,  are  in  shadow. 
i5X29iin. 

875 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8034  THE  RECRUITING  SERJEANT  TAKEN  IN,  OR  ALL  FAIR 
ABOVE  BOARD. 

Published  lo^^  Marchy  1791,  by  Ro¥  Sayer,  N"  53,  Fleet  Street, 
London. 

Engraving.  A  recruiting  sergeant  pours  coins  into  the  hand  of  a  yokel  (r.) 
seated  at  a  trestle-table  outside  an  inn,  and  chucks  him  under  the  chin. 
The  recruit  wears  the  sergeant's  cocked  hat.  The  table,  and  the  side  of  the 
settle  on  which  he  sits,  conceal  from  the  sergeant  the  recruit's  wooden  leg. 
A  young  man  seated  opposite  to  him,  drinking,  looks  over  his  shoulder  and 
points  out  the  wooden  leg.  The  drummer  (1.)  stands  behind  the  sergeant 
beating  his  drum.  On  the  extreme  1.  is  the  door  of  the  inn  in  which  stands 
the  stout  landlord.  Trees  form  a  background.  L.  and  W.,  No.  70. 
6|X  8i|  in.  In  book  of  Sayer's  'Drolls'. 

8035  THE  BAD  ARCHER 

Published  as  the  Act  directs ,  July  2,  J 79  J,  by  C.  Sheppard,  N  ig 
Lambert  Hilly  Doctors  Commons  London. 

Engraving.  Design  in  an  oval.  A  tailor  (1.),  standing  under  the  sign  which 
projects  over  his  door,  holds  out  his  bow,  watching  with  horror  the  arrow 
which  transfixes  a  sow  (r.)  who  is  surrounded  by  young  pigs.  The  tailor's 
wife  stands  behind  him,  her  arms  raised.  The  sign  is  a  hand  cutting  cloth 
with  a  pair  of  shears,  inscribed  Snip  Cabbagecloth  Taylor  from  London. 
The  background  is  a  rural  landscape ;  a  passer-by  looks  at  the  tailor  with 
amusement.  In  the  foreground  are  a  cock  and  hens.  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved : 

Bad  Archer  indeed  you  all  must  allow j 

To  aim  at  a  Crow  and  shoot  an  Old  Sow, 

The  poor  little  Pigs,  now  the  Old  Sow  is  dead, 

Must  be  by  the  Taylor  with  Cabbages  fed. 

For  the  tailor  and  his  cabbage,  cf.  Nos.  5805,  7740,  7867,  &c. 
4f  X  6/g  in.  In  book  of  Sayer's  'Drolls'. 

8036  SNIP'S  WAREHOUSE   FOR  READY  MADE   CLOATHS— 
GREAT  VARIETY  OF  FANCY  WAISTCOATS. 

Published  Dec'  10^^  lygi.  by  Rob^  Sayer  &  C^  Fleet  Street  London. 

Engraving.  A  tailor  stands  behind  his  customer  (1.)  adjusting  the  collar 
and  sleeves  of  a  grotesquely  ill-fitting  coat  which  is  buttoned  across  the 
stomach  and  reaches  to  the  ankles.  The  high  collar  pushes  the  man's  pig- 
tail queue  above  his  head,  but  he  looks  with  satisfaction  in  a  mirror  which 
reflects  the  upper  half  of  his  person.  The  tailor's  wife  (r.),  a  tall  stout 
woman,  is  pulling  up  the  breeches  of  this  customer's  son ;  they  are  of  the 
long  close-fitting  pattern  then  fashionable,  tied  with  strings  above  the 
ankle.  AH  four  are  caricatured,  and  all  smile  or  grin  with  satisfaction. 
The  tailor  is  fashionably  dressed.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved:  ''Does 

it  come  up  high  in  the  Collar  ikf O!  yes  Sir — it  sits  to  a  charm — 'tis 

ease  &  Elegance  itself ^can  your  Honor  button  it —  Yes  M' but  dont  You 

think  it  too  full — not  at  all  Your  Honor,  You  woud'nt  wish  to  be  pinched  to  be 

876 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

sure (M'*  Snip)  And  Sir  I  hope  the  Young  Gentleman's  Breeches  zvill  be 

quite  to  his  satisfaction  Sir,  do  ye  see^  tho  to  be  sure  they  comes  on  a  little  stiffish 
or  so  at  first — but  You  know  Sir  every  thing  gets  easier  in  time  as  a  body  may 
say — /  desires  him  to  thrust  himself  well  in — and  I  am  sure  they'll  do. 

On  the  back  wall  are  shelves  on  which  are  garments,  a  roll  of  stiffening, 
&c.    For  the  fashions  here  ridiculed  see  No.  8040,  &c.    Cf.  No.  6723 
L.  and  W.,  No.  73. 
6f  X  m  in.  In  book  of  Sayer's  'Drolls'. 

8037  A  KNOWING  ONE.  [i  Jan.  1791] 

[After  R.  Dighton.] 

Dublin  Published  by  Walker  yg  Dame  Street. 

Engraving.  PL  to  Hibernian  Magazine,  1790,  pt.  2,  p.  481.  Design  in  an 
oval.  A  man  (H.L.)  directed  to  the  r.,  looks  to  the  1.  from  the  corners  of 
his  eyes,  his  lower  lip  protruded,  with  a  frown.  His  dress  resembles  that 
of  No.  7790,  but  his  hair  is  less  frizzed  out,  being  arranged  in  a  side  curl 
with  a  short  queue.  Under  his  1.  arm  is  a  riding-switch.  In  the  accom- 
panying text  the  typical  'knowing  one'  is  described  as  entirely  'illiterate  in 
virtue  as  well  as  books,  ...  an  adept  in  vice  and  the  world',  regarding  man- 
kind as  his  prey.  Similar  in  character  to  Nos.  7789-92;  cf.  No.  8049. 
Not  to  be  confused  with  a  reissue  of  No.  7789,  a  similar  design  with  the 
same  title. 
6|X5f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

8038  A  BUCK  OF  1781. 

Pub  Sep  I.  lygi.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

A  reissue  (coloured)  of  No.  5935.  The  contrast  between  the  long  loosely 
fitting  coat,  and  the  boots  with  their  deep  tops,  and  the  dress  of  179 1,  see 
No.  8040,  &c.,  is  striking. 
iiix8j^gin. 

8039  A  GALLOWS.  A  HANGING  COLLAR.  A  CUT  DOWN  OR 
COATZWARRO 

Crutkshanks  lygi 

London  Pub  Sep''  22  lygi  by  SW  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Three  men,  each 
described  by  the  different  sections  of  the  title,  illustrate  the  fashions  of  the 
day.  [i]  On  the  1.  a  man,  standing  before  a  makeshift  dressing-table,  adds 
the  last  touches  to  his  complexion  before  putting  on  his  coat,  his  face  being 
reflected  in  the  draped  mirror;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  rouge-pot.  He  wears 
long  tight-fitting  breeches,  held  up  under  his  arms  by  braces;  a  curious 
projection  extends  beyond  his  shirt-frill.  His  feet  are  bare  and  his  stock- 
ings are  without  feet ;  his  slippers  lie  beside  him.  Two  long  heavy  chains 
with  seals  hang  from  the  upper  edge  of  his  high-waisted  breeches.  He 
wears  whiskers  and  a  curled  wig  with  a  queue.  On  the  dressing-table  and 
in  its  open  drawer  are  pots  of  lip  salve ,  corky  Pear[l],  a  tooth-brush,  &c. 
[2]  At  the  back  of  the  table,  half  of  which  serves  as  a  dressing-table  for 

877 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

[i],  sits  a  disappointed  gambler,  his  chair  tilted,  his  r.  elbow  resting  on  the 
table  on  which  are  dice,  dice-box,  and  an  empty  purse.  He  holds  a  switch 
in  his  hand,  playing-cards  are  under  his  feet.  He  has  whiskers,  wears  a 
high-crowned  hat,  a  coat  with  a  shawl-like  collar  which  stands  back  from 
his  neck,  low  shoes  with  large  buckles. 

[3]  A  man  stands  (1.)  in  back  view  scratching  his  cropped  head.  Under 
his  1.  arm  is  a  bludgeon.  His  coat  is  cut  away  into  narrow  tails  which  end 
almost  in  a  point.  He  wears  short  top-boots  with  long  spurs.  From  his 
coat-pocket,  which  is  at  the  back  of  his  coat,  protrudes  a  paper  inscribed 
To  Cure  a  Scah'd  Head. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  men's  dress  of  179 1,  see  No.  8040,  &c.  Part 
of  the  dress  of  a  'fashionable  crop'  is  *a  gallows  [braces]  coloured  in  blue  or 
crimson  sattin,  [which]  keeps  the  breeches  suspended  from  the  clavicle'. 
Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  271.  'The  natty  beaux  who  appear  so  stiff,  in  conse- 
quence of  wearing  a  gallows,  are  since  the  death  of  the  hanging  musician 
called  kotswarras!'  Ibid.,  p.  276  (i  Oct.  1791).  Franz  Kotzwarra  hanged 
himself  *on  2  Sept.  179 1  in  a  house  of  ill-fame  in  London.  Grove,  Mm, 
Diet. 

9i|Xi3f  in. 

8040  CROPP'D  LOUNGERS  IN  BOND  ST  1791. 

[  ?  Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  August  16,  lygi  by  Wilt"  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street 
— in  whose  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  isolated  standing  figures,  a 
woman  between  two  men,  illustrate  recent  fashions,  all  have  cropped  hair. 
The  man  on  the  1.  is  in  back  view,  showing  his  coat  slipped  off  the  shoulders 
at  the  back  to  reveal  the  top  of  a  (ragged)  sleeve  and  the  back  of  his  waist- 
coat, with  its  high  stiffened  collar;  he  has  a  voluminous  neckcloth.  His 
coat  is  cut  back,  leaving  coat-tails,  the  sleeves  are  tight  and  buttoned  at  the 
wrists,  his  breeches  are  long,  tied  with  strings,  and  buttoned  to  fit  the  knee 
and  leg  more  closely.  The  other  man,  who  looks  through  a  single  eye- 
glass, shows  the  front  of  his  short  double-breasted  waistcoat  and  a  neck- 
cloth tied  in  a  bow.  His  breeches  are  longer,  and  their  strings  more 
voluminous.  Both  wear  high  round  hats  with  curving  brims,  and  low  shoes 
tied  with  string,  and  hold  small  canes.  The  woman  is  in  back  view,  holding 
a  fan,  she  wears  a  small  round  conical  hat  on  her  short  hair.  A  short  cape 
or  pelerine  with  long  ends  tied  at  the  back  echoes  the  coat-tails  of  the  men. 
Her  sleeves  are  plain  and  tight,  her  skirt  simple  and  well  above  her  ankles. 
For  the  fashions  here  satirized  cf.  Nos.  7794,  7805,  7961,  7995,  7997, 
7998,  7999,  801 1,  8036,  8039,  8041,  8042,  8043,  8044,  8083. 
8|Xi3iin. 

8041  A  DOG  TROT  1791.  [i  Nov.  1791] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine,  1791,  p.  289.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  8042  on  the  same  pi.  A  young  man  dressed  in  the  manner  of  the 
^crops'  of  1791  walks  or  trots,  leaning  forward,  away  from  the  spectator, 
his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  His  arms  and  legs  are  very  thin,  his  r.  hand  is 

878 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

in  his  coat-pocket,  in  the  1.  is  a  short  bludgeon  held  behind  his  back.  In 
the  text  he  is  described  as  wearing  the  quiz  hat,  cravat,  waistcoat,  cape 
(or  coat-collar)  and  breeches.  He  wears  low  shoes  with  rosettes.  In  the 
background  is  part  of  a  large  Georgian  building. 

A  satire  on  the  'brainless  apes'  of  British  fashion,  who  figure  in  the 
streets  of  Dublin.   For  these  fashions  see  No.  8040,  &c. 
6iX3i  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

8042  A  STAND  1791.  [i  Nov.  1791] 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8041.  The  same  young  man  stands 
(instead  of  walking)  directed  to  the  1.  instead  of  to  the  r.  His  1.  hand  is  in 
his  coat-pocket,  his  bludgeon  is  in  the  r.  hand.  He  wears  half-boots 
instead  of  shoes.   Behind  is  a  four-storied  building. 

There  was  a  fashion  among  dissolute  bloods  or  'crops'  *of  wearing  one 
hand  in  their  pocket'.  Bon  Ton  Magazine^  i.  198  (i  Aug.  1791). 
6iX3|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

8043  JIMMY  LINCUM  FEADLE. 

Pub  Mar  2g  lygi  by  S.  W  Fores  N''  3  Piccady 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  foppishly  dressed  man  stands  full 
face,  holding  a  cane  against  his  1.  shoulder.  The  fingers  of  his  r.  hand  are 
extended  to  display  a  large  ring  on  the  fourth  finger.  He  wears  a  high- 
crowned  hat,  a  voluminous  swathing  round  his  neck  apparently  of  spotted 
gauze;  a  high  collar  at  the  back  of  his  head  reaches  his  hat-brim.  His 
breeches  are  high  in  the  waist  and  long  in  the  leg  where  they  are  tied ;  low 
wrinkled  top-boots  show  striped  stockings.  His  coat  is  cut  away  to  form 
tails.  Beside  him  is  a  small  dog  with  a  ruff-like  collar.  Beneath  the  title : 
Whoever ^  with  curious  eye,  has  ranged 

Through  Ovids  tales,  has  Seen 
How  Jove,  incens'dy  to  Monkies  changed 

A  tribe  of  worthless  Men, 
The  Brute  with  Contempt  the  man  surveyd 

Nor  would  a  name  bestow 
But  Woman  lik'd  the  motley  breed 
And  Calld  this  thing  a  Beau. 

One  of  many  satires  on  recent  changes  in  men's  dress,  cf.  No.  8040,  &c. 
In  a  satirical  account  of  Edwin  {Attic  Miscellany,  i.  246,  see  No.  7713)  he 
is  said  to  have  'convinced  us,  to  his  great  emolument . . .,  that  Jemmy  lincum 
feedle — Fal  de  ral  tit  .  .  .  [&c.  &c.]  .  .  .  have  a  vast  deal  of  good  stage 
meaning'. 
8iix6i^«in. 

8044  A  BEAU  1700. 
A  BEAU  1791. 

Published  Nov^  22  lygi  by  C.  Foudrinier  Jurf  Charing  Cross. 

Engraving.  Two  superimposed  prints  connected  at  the  upper  edge  by  a 
paper  hinge ;  on  each  is  a  fashionably  dressed  man,  the  same  face  serving 
for  both,  a  hole  being  cut  in  the  upper  print. 

879 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

[i]  A  man  wearing  a  voluminous  curled  wig  which  rises  above  his  head 
and  falls  down  his  shoulders,  full-skirted  coat,  wide  cuffs,  flapped  and 
embroidered  waistcoat,  short  breeches  above  his  knees,  a  lace  cravat  with 
long  ends,  and  high-quartered  shoes.  He  wears  a  sword  and  holds  a  cane 
in  his  1.  hand,  his  hat  being  under  his  1.  arm.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 
Then  the  full  flaxen  wig^  spread  o'er  the  shoulders^ 
ConceaVd  the  shallow  head  from  the  beholders. 

Turn  up. 
[2]  A  man  wearing  the  tight-fitting  dress  of  179 1,  with  cropped  hair  and 
a  high  hat  with  a  narrow  brim.  His  hands  are  on  his  hips,  and  he  holds  a 
bludgeon.  His  coat  has  a  shawl-like  collar,  he  wears  a  short  double- 
breasted  waistcoat  with  revers  within  which  is  a  voluminously  swathed 
neckcloth.  His  tight  breeches,  buttoned  along  the  outside  of  the  leg,  reach 
nearly  to  the  ankles.  His  low  shoes  are  tied  with  strings.  Beneath  the  title 
is  engraved : 

But  now  the  whole* s  reversed — each  fop  appears ^ 
Cropped  and  trimm'd  up — exposeing  head  and  ears 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  men's  dress  of  the  period,  see  No.  8040,  &c. 
Each  print  7|  X  4  in. 

8045  BRITANNIA. 
GM,  [PGillray.] 

London.   Pu¥  June  25^*  179^'  by  H.  Humphrey  N°  18.  Old  Bond 
Street 

Engraving,  slightly  aquatinted.  A  comic  map  of  England  formed  by  an 
old  woman  seated  in  profile  to  the  1.  on  the  back  of  a  dolphin-like  monster, 
whose  open  mouth  (r.)  represents  the  Thames ^  the  two  points  of  its  tail 
being  Lands  End  and  Lizard  Point.  She  holds  a  trident  in  her  1.  hand.  Her 
r.  hand  (on  which  is  a  dove)  and  r.  foot  form  the  north  of  Wales  and  the 
north  of  the  the  Bristol  Channel.  The  peak  of  her  cap  is  Berwick.  Many 
other  names  are  inscribed  round  the  coast.  The  sea  forms  a  background. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
7Jx6|in. 

8045  A  A  copy  published  ( ?  1792)  by  Sayer,  with  the  title  A  Whimsical 
Representation  of  England  and  Wales.  Being  the  same  Shape  as  the  Map. 
L.  and  W.,  No.  86. 

7jx6f  in.  *  Caricatures',  ii.  130. 

An  adaptation  by  Dighton  was  published  by  Bowles  and  Carver,  one  of 
a  set  of  three  (the  others  representing  Scotland  and  Ireland)  called 
Geography  Bezvitched!  ('Caricatures',  ii.  130,  131).  Cf.  a  comic  (political) 
map  by  Gillray,  5  Nov.  1793.   (Vol.  vii.) 

8046  MR  DEPUTY  GUBBINS  AND  HIS  SPOUSE,  DRESSING  FOR 
THE  MASQUERADE.  [i  July  1791] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  i.  145.  A  stout  woman  sits  at  a  dressing- 
table,  a  young  girl  adjusting  her  head-dress.  She  is  dressed  as  Diana,  with 
a  quiver  and  bow,  a  crescent  in  her  hair;  her  voluminous  petticoats  are 

880 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

draped  with  a  leopard-skin.  She  holds  a  mask  and  a  lap-dog.  Behind  her 
(r.)  stands  her  husband  (as  Adonis)  wearing  Elizabethan  dress  with  a  laurel- 
wreath  and  holding  a  lyre.  A  little  boy  looks  up  at  him,  holding  out  a 
paper :  O  the  Roast  Beef  of  old  England. 

For  the  favourite  theme  of  the  rich  and  vulgar  *cit*  cf.  No.  5372,  &c. 
5fX3}in.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

8047  THE  ANACREONTIC  PETITION  AND  SONG. 
[After  Dighton.] 

603  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles^  No.  6g  in  S*  PauVs 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
I  Feb.  1791^] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Illustration  to  a  song  engraved  beneath 
the  title.  Jove,  holding  a  sheaf  of  thunderbolts,  stands  (r.)  on  clouds,  angry 
at  a  petition  delivered  to  Anacreon  (in  Heaven)  from  a  club  of  'Sons  of 
Harmony'  asking  him  to  be  'their  Inspirer  and  Patron'.  With  him  is  a 
confused  crowd  of  gods  and  goddesses.  Apollo,  seated  with  his  lyre,  and 
Momus,  a  jester  in  cap  and  bells,  successfully  take  the  part  of  the  peti- 
tioners. The  petition,  a  large  inscribed  scroll,  lies  on  the  clouds.  In  the 
background  (1.)  is  an  irradiated  circular  temple,  and  Mount  Helicon  (r.) 
from  which  Pegasus  is  leaping.  The  song  ends : 

May  our  Club  flourish  happy  y  united,  and  free! 

And  long  may  the  Sons  of  Anacreon  intwine 

The  Myrtle  of  Venus  with  Bacchus' s  Vine. 

The  constitutional  song  of  the  Anacreontic  Society,  sung  by  the  chair- 
man or  his  deputy  after  the  supper  which  followed  the  fortnightly  concert, 
was  *To  Anacreon  in  Heaven'.  W.  T.  Parke,  Musical  Memoirs,  1830,  i.  81 ; 
See  also  Reminiscences  of  M.  Kelly,  ii.  10 1  f. 
I  lig  X  9-}|  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  74. 

A  SHARP  BETWEEN  TWO  FLATS.  [?  604]  See  No.  3763  [1791] 

[After  Dighton.] 

A  satire  on  lawyers  and  their  clients. 

A  FLAT  BETWEEN  TWO  SHARPS.  [605]^  See  No.  3763  [1791] 

[After  Dighton.] 

8048  MEN  OF  WAR,  BOUND  FOR  THE  PORT  OF  PLEASURE. 
[After  Dighton.] 

606  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bozoles,  No.  69  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  1791]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  party  of  sailors,  just  landed  at  Chat- 
ham, with  prostitutes.  A  sailor  holding  out  a  purse  walks  with  a  woman 
who  puts  her  r.  arm  across  his  shoulders,  her  1.  hand  on  her  hip.  Behind 
them  a  sailor  embraces  a  woman  who  is  taking  his  watch  and  seals  from 
his  fob.  On  the  r.,  a  sailor  seated  on  a  sea-chest  puts  his  arm  round  a  gaily- 
dressed  woman  who  holds  a  purse.  Behind  them  is  a  negro  with  a  woman. 

^  From  an  impression  belonging  to  Mr.  W.  T.  Spencer,  New  Oxford  Street 
(1932).  2  Bowles  and  Carver. 

881  3L 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

In  the  background  a  coach  drives  off,  its  roof  crowded  with  sailors  waving 
their  hats;  its  panels  are  inscribed  Chat[h2im]  to  Grfl[vesend]  and  Gravesend 
Tide  Co[ach].  On  a  wall  (1.)  is  a  bill,  Chatham  to  Gravesend  Tide  Coach, 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  are  a  sea-chest,  a  bundle,  a  bludgeon. 

The  original  water-colour  is  in  the  Print  Room.   Reproduction,  Apollo, 
xiy.  1 02  (Aug.  1 931). 
i2|X9jin.  'Caricatures*,  i.  69. 

8049  A  DEEP  ONE,  AND  A  KNOWING  ONE. 
[After  Dighton.] 

6oy  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  6g  in  S^  PauVs 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
15  (or  25)  April  1791.'] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Two  racing  men  in  consultation  on  a 
race-course,  with  horses,  jockeys,  and  a  post-chaise  in  the  background  (1.). 
They  lean  against  a  paling  in  front  of  the  gable-end  of  a  wooden  barn  or 
stable.  One  (1.),  with  short  unpowdered  hair,  wears  a  high-crowned  hat 
and  a  long  coat  with  many  capes,  he  holds  a  riding-whip  and  2iList  of  the 
Horses  printed  in  three  columns  and  headed  by  a  print  of  horses  leaving 
the  starting-post.  The  other  wears  a  cocked  hat,  powdered  hair  or  wig,  and 
holds  a  Betting  Book  and  pencil-case  in  his  r.  hand.  Both  wear  spurred 
top-boots.  Cf.  Nos.  7789,  7792,  8037. 
i2|X9f  '^^'  'Caricatures',  i.  193. 

8050  HOW  MERRILY  WE  LIVE  THAT  DOCTOR'S  BE 

WE  HUMBUG  THE  PUBLIC  AND  POCKET  THE  FEE. 

[After  Dighton.] 

608  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  St.  Paul's  Church 
Yard  J  London  [Date  erased,  1791.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Three  doctors,  grinning  with  satis- 
faction, stand  in  conference  in  an  apothecary's  shop.  One  (1.),  very  corpu- 
lent, his  spectacles  pushed  up  on  his  forehead,  holds  a  bottle  labelled  The 
Draughts  as  before  M'  Costive.  His  vis-a-vis  stands  chapeau-bras,  holding 
a  cane.  Both  wear  old-fashioned  dress  with  tie-wigs.  The  third,  standing 
behind  and  between  them  is  more  fashionably  dressed.  On  the  counter  (r.) 
is  a  pestle  and  mortar,  pill-box,  and  medicine  phials,  one  labelled  going  to 
rest.  Behind  it  are  shelves  on  which  are  glass  jars  of  varying  sizes  containing 
coloured  liquids. 
12IX9I  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  11. 

8051  THE  VILLAGE  DOCTOR,  OR  BLACKSMITH  TURNED 
TOOTH  DRAWER. 

[?  After  Dighton.] 

612.  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  No.  6g  S^  PauVs 
Church  Yard  London.   [Date  cut  off,  c.  1791.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).    Three  T.Q.L.  figures:  a  blacksmith 

stands  by  his  anvil  holding  by  his  pincers  the  tooth  of  an  elderly  woman 

'  From  an  impression  belonging  to  Mr.  W.  T.  Spencer,  New  Oxford  Street,  1932. 

882 


PERSONAL   AND   SOCIAL   SATIRES    1791 

who  clutches  his  turban-like  cap.   Her  husband  stands  on  the  r.  holding 

up  his  hand  in  protest.  Beneath  the  title  twelve  lines  of  verse  are  engraved, 

beginning : 

Why  Dame  how  you  hollow!  and  hold  by  my  horn, 

and  ending  with  the  words  of  the  husband, 

And  tho'  you're  surprized  to  hear  my  Dame  bawl^ 
Yet  thrice  round  the  Shop  is  a  pretty  good  hawl. 
A  companion  print  to  No.  8052.   Cf.  No.  6759. 

i2fX9fin.  'Caricatures',  i.  176. 

8052  THE  COUNTRY  DOCTOR,  OR  FARRIER  TURNED  TOOTH 
DRAWER.  [C.1791] 

[?  After  Dighton.] 

Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  <Sf  Carver,  No,  6g  S*  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  London. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8051.  Three 
T.Q.L.  figures.  The  farrier  holds  with  his  pincers  the  tooth  of  a  man  (r.) 
who  clutches  his  arm;  he  leers  over  his  shoulder  at  a  young  woman  (I.) 
who  puts  her  r.  hand  on  the  anvil,  her  1.  on  his  shoulder.  Beneath  the  title 
twelve  lines  of  verse  are  engraved,  beginning : 

Why!  Doctor  of  Horses,  how  comes  it  to  pass, 
That  you  condescend  to  draw  teeth  for  an  Ass! 
Says  Poll  from  the  Magpie  who  came  for  her  Pot, 

The  farrier  answers : 

Fm  not  like  a  Country  Blacksmith,  who  draws 
His  Patient  from  Morning,  till  night  by  the  Jaws; 
I  extract  in  an  instant,  above  and  beneath  .  .  . 
i2fX9fin.  'Caricatures*,  i.  177. 

8053  I'M  THE  THING,  A'NT  I? 
[After  Dighton.] 

364  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver,  A^"  6g  St.  Pauls  Church 
Yard  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  25  April 
1791.^] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  and  uncoloured^  impressions).  Design  in  an  oval.  A 

copy  of  No.  7790,  the  figure  approximately  the  same  size. 

5|X4fin.  'Caricatures*,  ii.  121. 

*  Impression  in  Broadley  Collection,  Westminster  Public  Library. 

*  In  Fairholt  Collection  for  Costume,  ii. 


883 


1792 
POLITICAL  SATIRES 

8054  A  SPHERE,  PROJECTING  AGAINST  A  PLANE. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Jany  3^  1792.  by  H  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt,  very  thin,  stands  rigidly  erect  in 
profile  to  the  r.  Mrs.  Hobart,  immensely  fat,  completely  fills  a  globe  which 
stands  on  a  rectangular  platform  on  castors,  and  whose  circumference  rests 
against  Pitt's  post-like  person.  She  looks  up  at  him  expectantly ;  he  stares 
over  her  head  with  a  pained  expression.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 
Definitions  from  Euclid.  Def:  i*'  B:  4^^.  A  Sphere^  is  a  Figure  hounded  by 
a  Convex  surface;  it  is  the  most  perfect  of  all  forms;  its  Properties  are  generated 
from  its  Centre;  and  it  possesses  a  larger  Area  than  any  other  Figure. — Def: 
2d  jg.  jst  yj  Plane,  is  a  perfectly  even  &  regular  Surface^  it  is  the  most  Simple 
of  all  Figures;  it  has  neither  the  Properties  of  Length  or  of  Breadth;  and  when 
applied  ever  so  closely  to  a  Sphere^  can  only  touch  its  Superficies,  without  being 
able  to  enter  it — Vide.  Euclid^  illustrated;  by  the  Hon^^'  M"  Circumference. 
Grego,  Gillray,  p.  133.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  72.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830. 

9ix8J  in. 

8055  AN  EXACT  REPRESENTATION  OF  THE  DUCHESS'S  FOOT. 
[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub:  N°  3  Piccadilly  by  S  W  Fores  iyg2  Jan^  4        Price  6'^  Colored 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  hideous  foot  and  ankle  in  profile  to 
the  r.  The  toes  are  twisted,  deformed,  and  covered  with  warts,  the  ankle 
and  heel  creased  and  ill-shaped. 

For  the  tiny  shoe  of  the  Duchess  of  York  see  No.  7930,  &c. 

5iX7|in. 

8056  THE  YORK  (SHOE)  WAREHOUSE. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Jan  16  1792  Sold  by  I.  Aitken  N"  14  Castle  Street 
Leicester  Fields 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  shoemaker's  shop ;  in  which  ladies  are  being 
fitted  with  shoes  similar  in  size  to  those  of  the  Duchess  of  York.  Between 
the  words  of  the  title  is  a  low-heeled  slipper  with  a  rosette  inscribed  The 
exact  Size  not  a  Barley  corn  longer.  Drawn  from  One  worn  on  the  Wedding 
day,  (It  is  5  J  in.)  A  shoemaker  kneels  at  the  feet  of  an  enormously  fat  lady 
seated  in  profile  to  the  r.,  trying  to  force  a  small  slipper  on  to  her  large  foot. 
She  says,  clutching  her  chair  in  agony,  Oh!  dear  Sir!  I  am  afraid  you  wont 
get  it  in.  He  answers,  Never  fear ,  give  me  leave  to  try — push  a  little  Ma'am 

884 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

— to  be  sure  its  rather  small  for  a  person  full  grozon  like  you — but  I  can  stretch 
it,  if  you  please.  Behind  (1.)  a  lady  has  started  from  her  seat,  supporting 
herself  by  the  back  of  the  first  customer's  chair,  her  mouth  wide  as  if 
shrieking.  A  kneeling  shopman  tries  to  get  a  shoe  on  her  feet,  saying,  You'll 
take  a  larger  Size  Miss — my  Master  shall  wait  on  you.  She  answers.  Good 
fieaven!  why,  the  Man  is  mad.  I  am  quite  loose — a  size  smaller  I  want — its 
only  an  ugly  corn  that  makes  me  cry  out.  A  third  lady  (r.),  in  profile  to  the 
r.,  hobbles  painfully  to  the  door  (r.),  her  feet  in  tiny  slippers.  She  holds 
a  huge  muff.  On  the  lintel  of  the  door  is  an  oval  bust  portrait  of  the 
Duchess  of  York ;  beneath  is  inscribed  Proudfoot  Shoemaker.  In  each  of 
the  many  panes  of  the  shop-window  are  pairs  of  slippers.  On  the  wall  is 
a  placard :  Corns  Cut.  Feet  pared  and  sweated  down  to  the  Fashionable  Size 
on  very  Easy  terms. 

For  the  tiny  shoe  of  the  Duchess  of  York  see  No.  7930,  &c.   London 
boot-shops  were  often  styled  Yorkshire  Warehouse. 
7fXi3iin. 

8057  THE  CONTRAST. 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Jan  18*^  iyg2 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  marriage  of  the  Duke  of  York  is 
contrasted  with  his  brother's  amour.  On  the  1.  and  in  a  circle  surrounded 
by  a  halo  of  rays  the  Duke  and  Duchess  walk  decorously,  arm  in  arm  to 
the  1.  This  is  inscribed  A  virtuous  Flame,  or,  Nuptial  Glory.  On  the  r.  is  the 
comer  of  a  house,  showing  the  door  and  part  of  an  open  window  above  it. 
Standing  outside  the  door,  which  it  illuminates,  is  a  gigantic  lantern.  On 
the  door  in  place  of  a  knocker  an  anchor  hangs  against  a  cracked  chamber- 
pot (cf.  No.  7909).  In  the  window  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Mrs.  Jordan 
(H.L.)  embrace  in  a  romping  manner.  This  is  inscribed  A  burning  shame, 
or,  adulterous  Disgrace. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Mrs.  Jordan,  see 
No.  7835,  &c.   For  the  Duke  of  York's  marriage  see  No.  7903,  &c. 
9fXi3f  in.  (pi.). 

8058  FASHIONABLE  CONTRASTS ;— OR— THE  DUCHESS'S 
LITTLE  SHOE  YEILDING  TO  THE  MAGNITUDE  OF  THE 
DUKE'S  FOOT. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥Jany  24^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  pair  of  masculine  legs  from  below  the 
calf,  the  feet  in  large  buckled  shoes,  between  the  tiny  ankles  and  feet  of 
the  Duchess  of  York  wearing  jewelled  slippers,  placed  horizontally.  See 
No.  7930,  &c. 

On  the  back  is  an  impression  of  No.  81 13.  There  is  perhaps  some 
significance  in  this,  as  impressions  of  these  prints  in  the  Royal  Collection 
at  Windsor  are  also  printed  back  to  back. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
9jXi3iiin. 

885 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8059  THE  SWALLOW  PACKET,  OR,  A  BELLY  FULL  OF  GOOD 
NEWS,  PIPING  HOT  FROM  BRISTOL,  IN  SPITE  OF  CONTRARY 
WINDS. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Jan  28^^  iyg2 

Pitt  (1.)  reads  from  a  large  document,  his  words  reach  the  gaping  mouths 
of  four  men  (r.)  with  grotesquely  protruding  and  globular  stomachs.  He 
casts  a  shadow  which  forms  a  diminutive  replica  of  himself,  blowing 
bubbles  from  a  pipe,  and  saying  How  high  we  keep  it  up.  These  bubbles  are 
respectively  India  Stock,  Bank  Stock,  Credit.  In  the  shadow's  1.  hand  is 
a  coronet  (cf.  No.  6631,  &c.).  Behind  Pitt,  and  on  the  extreme  1.,  kneels 
Dundas,  plying  a  pair  of  bellows  inscribed  Dispatches,  whose  nozzle  is 
inserted  between  Pitt's  coat-tails.  He  says,  By  my  troth  an  a  Man  finds  the 
Wind  Against  him — he  has  nought  to  do  but  to  give  a  gude  Puff  or  two  an  ye 
ken  how  kindly  they  swallow  it;  and  now  my  bonny  lad,  we  may  gang  down 
to  our  Seats,  with  gude  grace  and  stand  the  wrangle.  Below  the  bellows  is 
inscribed,  The  Art  of  Puffing,  and  below  Dundas  and  Pitt,  "^  whole  packet 
of  News''  Scrub  in  the  Stratagem  [Farquhar's  Beaux  Stratagem].  Words 
issue  from  Pitt's  mouth  in  four  curving  lines,  each  ending  in  a  gaping 
mouth;  he  reads:  [i]  The  Rains  over — their  Cloaths  dried— full  Bellies — in 
high  spirits.  [2]  Great  exertions — plenty  of  Forage — glut  of  Rice — Droves  of 
Bullocks.  These  lines  reach  the  mouths  of  men  who  resemble  William 
Curtis  and  his  brother,  see  No.  7676.  The  next  [3],  Offer  of  Peace — 
rejected — Tippoo  at  point  of  Death — hem'd  in,  reaches  the  mouth  of  Brook 
Watson  (with  a  wooden  leg).  [4]  Tippo's  People  starved — Seringapatam 
swallowed  up  reaches  a  bearded  Jew. 

At  this  time  credit  and  the  Stocks  were  so  high  that  Pitt  contemplated 
a  bill  for  the  reduction  of  the  Four  per  cents  to  Three  and  a  half,  but 
deferred  the  measure,  hoping  in  the  next  session  to  be  able  to  reduce  them 
to  Three  per  cents.  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt,  i.  429-30.  See  No.  8065.  Here 
Pitt  is  accused  of  publishing  false  reports  from  India  in  order  to  improve 
credit  (cf.  No.  7928).  It  was  known  that  the  Swallow  packet  was  bringing 
news  from  India,  see  No.  8060,  and  cf.  No.  8090,  &c.  News  of  the  total 
defeat  of  Tipu  by  Cornwallis  in  February  actually  reached  London  on 
23  June.  Land.  Chronicle,  26  June  1791. 
7f  Xiof  in. 

8060  NO  SWALLOW  WITHOUT  AN  OPENING. 
[?  Nev^^on.] 

London  Pu¥  Jan^  31,  iyg2  by  W.  Holland  N"  50  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  King,  Queen,  and  three  Ministers 
(r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  lean  from  the  clouds  over  a  stormy  sea  inscribed 
Bristol  Channel;  each  plies  a  pair  of  bellows  to  blow  back  a  small  three- 
masted  vessel,  Swallow  Packet,  which  is  approaching  them  in  a  rough  sea. 
The  King  is  the  foremost;  he  says,  Blast  away  Billy!  Blast  away  Boys! 
Now,  Charley  [Charlotte],  gather  up  all  the  wind  you  can  and  let  fly!  Next 
him  is  Pitt,  saying,  That  *s  my  kind  master,  keep  'em  back,  or  we  shan't  get 
forward!  Billy's  Pipe  was  never  f am' d  for  doing  great  things;  but  now  my  dear 
mistress  shall  see  wonderful  execution!  The  Queen,  whose  hair  is  touselled, 
is  above  Pitt ;  she  says,  Heavens,  what  execution  Hobart  would  do  here  with 

886 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

her  bellows!  One  blast  would  blow  this  little  obstinate  devil  out  of  the  water! 
Below  Pitt  is  Thurlow  (r.),  who  says,  Blast  me  if  she  shall  come  in  till  a  day 
or  t'zoo  before  the  opening!  Above  and  behind  Thurlow  is  Dundas,  saying, 
Hoot  awa  ye  loons!  would  ye  ruin  us  aw  with  your  expeditions!  Tack  aboot^ 
tack  aboot  and  gang  to  the  Isle  of  Sky  till  we  open.  Small  wings  are  attached 
to  the  shoulders  of  Pitt  and  Thurlow. 

Parliament  opened  on  31  Jan.  Letters  from  Lord  Cornwallis  (by  the 
Swallow  packet)  to  Grenville  and  to  the  East  India  Company  (printed  in 
Cornwallis  Corr.  ii.  509-20)  were  received  on  the  same  day  and  published 
in  an  Extraordinary  Gazette,  Feb.  i.  1792.  They  gave  an  account  of  the 
campaign  of  1791,  and  (correctly)  anticipated  success  in  the  forthcoming 
campaign  against  Tipu  Sultan,  who  was  dispirited  and  anxious  for  peace. 
For  other  attempts  to  represent  the  Mysore  War  as  disastrous  and  humilia- 
ting see  No.  7928,  &c. ;  for  the  Swallow  packet  see  No.  8059. 
I2jxi9i  in. 

8061      A     GOOD-SHOT;— OR— BILLY-RANGER     THE     GAME 
KEEPER,  IN  A  FINE  SPORTING  COUNTRY. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Feby  r^  iyg2.  by  H.  HumpJtrey  N.  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Grenville  (1.)  stands  in  St.  James's  Park 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  firing  a  gun  with  a  wide  barrel  at  a  group  of  winged 
money-bags,  &c.,  flying  in  the  upper  r.  corner  of  the  design,  rising  on 
smoke  issuing  from  the  chimneys  of  Buckingham  House.  A  pen  in  his 
round  hat  indicates  his  Secretaryship.  Dead  game  hangs  from  his  person : 
a  hare  whose  body  is  a  money-bag  inscribed  Secretaryship  of  State  {,7000 
p^  Ann.y  a  goose,  whose  similar  body  is  inscribed  Sinecures  £9000 p^  Ann.^ 
and  two  goslings,  respectively  Private  Pension  £4000  and  £3000  p^  Ann. 
The  central  bird  at  which  he  fires  at  close  range  is  a  winged  document: 
Ranger  of  the  Park ;  winged  bags  are  75000  p"  Ann,  3000  p^  Ann,  and 
yooo  p^  Ann.  All  these  he  hits.  A  winged  ducal  coronet  is  flying  up 
towards  the  line  of  fire.  A  group  of  dogs  with  human  faces  surrounds  him; 
they  lick  his  boots,  look  up  at  him  expectantly,  or  watch  the  shot ;  one  has 
a  collar  inscribed  Whitehall.  The  southern  part  of  the  east  front  of  Buck- 
ingham House  fills  the  r.  part  of  the  design.  Behind  Grenville  are  trees. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 

*^He  shoots  a  good  Shot;  it  will  do  a  Mans  heart  good  to  see  him;  he  tvill 
**charge  you  &  discharge  you,  zvith  the  motion  of  a  Pewterers  hammer;  and 
"when  he  has  his  Game  in  View,  he  will  about,  &  about,  &  come  you  in,  & 
"come  you  in;  rah,  tah,  tah,  will  he  say;  &  away  again  will  he  go,  &  again 
"will  he  come;  &  round  will  he  wheel!  O!  I  shall  never  see  such  another  "Fellow, 

On  13  Dec.  1791  Grenville  succeeded  Lord  Orford  in  the  sinecure  post 
of  Ranger  and  Keeper  of  St.  James's  and  Hyde  Parks,  which  he  exchanged 
in  1794  for  the  more  lucrative  one  of  Auditor  of  the  Exchequer.  He  had 
misgivings  at  taking  the  place,  writing  (7  Dec.  1791)  of  'the  degree  of 
invidiousness  and  clamour  which  my  receiving  any  new  favour  .  .  .  would 
be  subject  to,  especially  at  a  moment  when  Government  are  rather  under 
difficulties'.  Buckingham,  Court  and  Cabinets  of  George  HI,  ii.  197.  Cf. 
No.  8096. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  139.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  83.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.^ 
1830. 
i3X9|in. 

887 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8062  A  SCENE  IN  THE  GAMESTER. 
IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Febrary  8  iyg2  hy  S  W  Fores  j  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   The  Duke  and  Duchess  of  York  face 
each  other,  a  small  table  between  them;  he  sits  (1.),  with  his  hands  clasped 
and  resting  on  the  table;  she  stands  (r.),  a  small  jewel-box  in  her  1.  hand, 
holding  out  to  him  a  string  of  jewels.   A  paper  inscribed  ly^ooo  .  .  .  lies 
on  the  table  beside  the  Duke,  whose  words  are  etched  above  his  head : 
Henceforth  my  follies  and  neglects  shall  cease 
And  all  to  come  he  penitence  and  peace^ 
Vice  shall  no  more  atract  me  with  her  CharmSy 
Nor  pleasure  reach  me,  but  in  those  dear  arms. 

She  says.  My  Jewels?  trifles!  not  worth  the  speaking  of,  if  weighed  against  a 
husband's  peace;  but  let  'em  purchase  thaty  and  the  world's  wealth  is  of  less 
value.  She  wears  the  Duke's  miniature  round  her  neck.  Behind  her  is  a 
chest  of  drawers,  the  top  drawer  open  and  full  of  jewels.  On  it  stands  a 
small  coffer  of  jewels,  marked  with  the  Prussian  eagle.  Beneath  the  design 
is  etched : 

Ye  slaves  of  passiony  and  ye  dupes  of  chance y 

Wake  all  your  powers  from  this  destructive  trance! 

Shake  off  the  shackles  of  this  tyrant  vice: 

Hear  other  calls  than  those  of  card  and  dice 

Be  learn' d  in  nobler  arts  than  arts  of  Playy 

And  other  debts  than  those  of  Honor  Pay. 

No  longer  live  insensible  to  Shame 

Lost  to  your  country  y  families  y  and  fame. 

The  Duke  of  York's  marriage  was  popular,  cf.  No.  8057.  For  the  Duke 
as  a  slave  to  gaming,  see  No.  7301  (5) ;  for  his  debts  to  tradesmen,  No.  7914. 
8;gXi2jin. 

8063  THE  ANTIQUITIES  OF  MALMSBURY. 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  Feb  14  ijg2  hy  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  where  may 
he  seen  the  Compleatest  collection  of  Caracatures  in  Europe  admit- 
ance  one  Shilling. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  middle-aged  man  (r.)  leads  by  strings 
attached  to  their  coats,  seven  elderly  men,  the  Antiquities  of  Malmesbury. 
He  says,  /'//  wait  on  you  Gentlemen  I  knows  what  it  is  to  Sarve.  The  first 
two  have  each  a  shrunken  leg,  lengthened  by  a  block  under  the  shoe ;  one 
says  to  the  other,  grinning, /or  here  I  go  up  up  up  &  there  you  go  down  down 
downe.  His  companion,  a  fat  parson,  answers.  Aye  Aye  MoseSy  you  and  I 
have  seen  many  ups  &  downs  in  this  worldy  never  mind  we  zuill  have  a  Pitcher 
of  Strong  Beer  &  a  Sheepsfryfor  Supper.  (They  appear  to  be  the  vicar  and 
nis  clerk,  Moses,  cf.  No.  6130.)  The  others  wear  civic  gowns  and  hold 
horn-books,  inscribed  with  the  alphabet,  as  then  used  by  children  learning 
to  read ;  the  first  hobbles  on  a  crutch.  One  says,  /  wish  any  of  us  could  read 
or  writCy  another  says,  if  I  could  I  might  now  Get  in  for  the  Borough.  In  the 
background  (r.)  are  the  ruins  of  a  Gothic  abbey  or  church. 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

The  man  holding  the  leading-strings  is  probably  Dr.  Wilkins  who  con- 
trolled the  thirteen  electors  of  Malmesbury :  Paul  Benfield,  returned  in 
1790,  joined  the  Opposition  shortly  afterwards  and  was  ordered  by  Wilkins 
to  vacate  his  seat,  which  he  did  in  Feb.  1792.  He  was  succeeded  by  Sir 
James  Sanderson.  The  electors  of  Malmesbury  were  the  alderman  and 
twelve  capital  burgesses,  but  in  1796  an  (unsuccessful)  claim  was  made  that 
the  electors  were  the  burgesses  at  large.  Oldfield,  History  of  Boroughs^ 
1792,  iii.  173;  Representative  Hist.  v.  171. 

Oldfield  notes  that  ten  of  the  thirteen  electors  were  recently  unable  to 
sign  their  names.  Representative  History y  1816.  The  Municipal  Corpora- 
tions Conmiissioners  of  1835  found  some  of  the  capital  burgesses  of  Malmes- 
bury to  be  totally  illiterate.  They  were  labourers  and  petty  tradesmen: 
*a  body  which  has  long  ceased  to  answer  any  municipal  purposes  and  has 
exercised  no  function  but  that  of  returning  to  parliament  the  nominees 
of  the  patron  of  the  burgh.'  Municipal  Corporations  First  Report y  1835. 
Appendix,  Part  I,  p.  79. 
8^X1211  in. 

8064  FRONTISPIECE    TO    THE   WAX   WORK   AND    MONU- 
MENTAL RECORDS  IN  WESTMINSTER  ABBEY 

[Newton.] 

London.  Pu¥  Fehv  iyg2  by  Will'"  Holland^  30,  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  verger  stands  opposite  a  glass  window 
(r.),  revealed  by  the  opening  of  a  door,  behind  which  are  life-size  wax 
effigies  of  George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte,  seated  stiffly  in  profile  to  the  1. 
The  King  holds  his  hat  and  a  money-bag,  the  Queen  two  money-bags. 
The  verger,  who  holds  a  staff  and  wears  a  hat  and  gown,  points  out  the 
figures  to  a  gaping  countryman  at  whom  he  looks  with  sour  contempt. 
Behind  (1.)  a  man  in  riding-dress  holds  up  a  little  girl  to  see  the  sight ;  she 
holds  the  scraggy  queue  of  the  countryman. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  supposed  miserliness  of  the  King  and  Queen, 
cf.  No.  7836,  &c.   Effigies  of  Queen  Elizabeth  and  others  were  (and  are) 
among  the  interests  of  Westminster  Abbey,  see  the  plates  in  A  View  of  the 
Wax  Work  Figures  in  .  .  .  Westminster  Abbey  [1787]. 
9|x  16  in. 

8065  A  PROMISING  BUDGET,  OR,  lOHN  BULL  SUCKING  IT  IN. 
[Dent.] 

Pub  by  W  Dent  Feb  20  iyg2 

Engraving.  On  each  side  of  the  design  are  the  corners  of  rival  inns,  one 
in  the  background  (1.)  has  the  sign  of  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers,  with 
the  motto  Ich  dien.  Pitt,  on  the  extreme  r.,  is  the  landlord  of  the  Crown; 
he  stands  in  the  doorway  on  the  upper  of  two  steps  inscribed  Credit  and 
Confidence.  He  holds  out  a  large  tankard  inscribed  Budget  to  John  Bull, 
saying,  with  raised  forefinger.  This  is  Milder  than  the  last — and  next  Year^ 
or  the  Year  after ^  or  the  Year  after  thaty  and  so  forthy  the  Old  Score  zviped 
off  with  a  wet  Finger y  you  may  have  Beer  three  pence  a  Pot.  John  Bull,  the 
central  figure  of  the  design,  a  stout  plainly  dressed  citizen,  answers.  Why, 
Landlordy  its  very  Pleasant y  but  its  plaguey  Windy. 

889 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Sheridan  stands  in  the  door  of  the  rival  house,  wearing  an  apron;  he 
says  to  Fox  (who  stands  at  the  door,  scowling  towards  Pitt),  Why  if  he  keeps 
his  Wordy  he'll  leave  no  good  for  us  to  Jo,  then^  what  a  deplorable  Situation 
will  he  the  Mifiister's  of  1800  an  Odd!  Fox  answers,  We  have  no  spirits  left — 
we  must  import  afresh  Stock  of  French  (cf.  No.  8142). 

The  King's  Speech  (31  Jan.)  foreshadowed  a  reduction  of  taxation  and 
increased  provision  for  reducing  the  National  Debt  owing  to  the  rising 
revenue.  This  was  the  subject  of  a  debate  on  17  Feb.,  when  Pitt  made  a 
financial  statement  saying  'there  never  was  a  Time  .  .  .  when  ...  we  might 
more  reasonably  expect  fifteen  years  of  peace'.  {Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  826.) 
He  proposed  to  repeal  the  malt  duty,  the  tax  on  female  servants,  see  No. 
6794,  &c.,  the  tax  on  carts  and  wagons,  the  tax  on  houses  having  less  than 
seven  windows,  see  No.  6634,  &c.,  and  the  last  additional  halfpenny  a 
pound  on  candles.  Ibid.,  p.  829.  For  English  financial  and  material  pros- 
perity at  this  time  see  Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt,  i.  428-30 ;  Audigier,  Pitt  et 
la  politique  financiere  de  VAngleterrej  de  iy82  a  1792,  Paris,  1929,  p.  185. 
See  No.  8066.  For  the  height  of  pubHc  credit  cf.  also  No.  8059. 
io|x6Jin. 

8066  BUDGET 

London  Pu¥  Fehy  21,  iyg2  by  W  Holland  50  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving.  Pitt  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  as  an  angel  with  outspread  wings, 
wearing  quasi-classical  dress,  a  long  cloak  hanging  from  his  shoulders.  He 
leans  forward,  his  r.  arm  extended,  and  appears  to  be  calling  towards  him 
a  number  of  cherubs*  winged  heads,  to  which  are  attached  labels  inscribed : 
Tax  on  Women^  Tax  on  Eatings  Tax  on  Air,  Tax  on  Sleepj  Tax  on  Drinking, 
Tax  on  Exercise.  In  his  1.  hand  is  a  document  inscribed  Budget,  the  only 
title  to  the  print.  The  arrangement  suggests  a  design  for  a  stained  glass 
window. 

The  taxes  indicated  correspond  to  taxes  which  Pitt  was  repealing,  see 
No.  8065. 
9ix8in. 

8067  THE  PATRIOT  EXALTED. 
J^/ [Bayers] 

Published  i^^  March  iyg2  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street 

Aquatint.  Catherine  II  places  in  its  niche  the  bust  of  Fox  which  is  being 
hauled  into  position  by  a  rope  over  a  pulley  held  by  a  Russian  bear,  w^ho 
crouches  (r.)  beside  the  steps  on  which  the  Empress  stands.  She  is  in  back 
view,  very  stout,  wearing  ermine-trimmed  robes  with  a  laurel  wreath  in 
place  of  the  usual  crown.  On  each  side  of  the  bust  is  a  larger  alcove  for  W.L. 
statues  oiAEMOZQENHi:  and  M.T.  CICERO.  These  statues  are  stepping 
down  from  their  niches,  looking  apprehensively  at  Fox.  Their  eyes  have 
the  blankness  of  sculpture,  but  their  faces  express  indignant  alarm.  Cicero 
holds  a  scroll:  In  Cata[linam].  Fox's  head  is  that  of  life  rather  than  of 
sculpture.  Above  it  is  an  oval  picture  or  bas-relief  inscribed  Regulus;  a 
number  of  men  are  imprisoning  a  victim  in  a  large  cask  lined  with  spikes. 
Demosthenes  (1.)  steps  down  from  his  niche  on  to  one  of  two  large 
packing-cases  inscribed  Houghton  Collection  For  The  Emp[ress  of]  Russia 

890 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

and  Hough  .  .  .  (Catherine  having  bought  pictures  from  the  collection  of 
Sir  Robert  Walpole).  Beside  them  stands  a  bust  of  Paul  Jones^  wearing  a 
cocked  hat  and  looking  up  at  Fox  with  a  sinister  glare.  Cicero  steps  down 
on  to  the  arm  of  the  Imperial  throne,  which  is  formed  by  the  neck  of  a 
vulture ;  the  legs  of  the  throne  are  those  of  a  bird  of  prey.  On  its  seat  lies 
a  scroll  inscribed:  Memorial  Ambassador  extraordinary  Sheweth 

That  your  Memorialists  are  attached  to  your  Majesty  and  have  opposed  the 
Armament y  divided  against  the  Minister  [  ?  leaving  him  in  d\  small  Majority y 
rai[led]  against  the  Balance  [of]  Power j  chalked  up  [on]  the  Walls  in  capital 
[letters]  No  Russian  War.  (The  r.  edge  of  the  document  is  cut  off  by  the 
margin  of  the  design,  leaving  some  of  the  words  to  be  supplied  by  the 
reader.)  Under  the  chair  lies  a  dog.  The  vulture's  claw  which  forms  a  leg 
of  the  throne  is  planted  on  a  large  map  across  the  word  Oczak[ow] ;  The 
Bog,  The  Neister,  and  Black  Sea  are  also  shown.  The  Russian  bear  is 
crouching  on  this  map. 

For  the  order  of  Catherine  for  the  bust  of  Fox,  to  be  placed  between 
those  of  Demosthenes  and  Cicero,  see  No.  7902,  &c.  The  dispatch  of  this 
bust  (by  NoUekens)  on  26  Aug.  is  one  of  the  London  Chronicle's  list  of 
'Remarkable  Events  for  the  Year  1791'  (4  Jan.  1792).  The  Empress  after- 
wards removed  the  bust  on  account  of  Fox's  attitude  to  the  French  Revolu- 
tion. Wraxall,  Memoirs y  1884,  iv.  226.  For  the  Russian  Armament  and 
Oczakow  see  No.  7841,  &c.  Fox  is  compared  to  Paul  Jones,  also  a  British 
subject  (see  Vol.  v).  For  Fox  as  Catiline,  cf.  No.  6784.  Attilio  Regulus  is 
said  to  have  been  enclosed  in  a  spiked  chest  and  so  tortured  to  death  by 
Carthaginians. 
iSJxiof  in. 

8068  A  GERMAN^  HOWL  OR  THE  EMIGRANT  PRINCES  BE- 
MOANING THE  LOSS  OF  THEIR  DEAREST  FRIEND. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  March  15  iyg2  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  where  7nay 
be  seen  the  Greatest  collection  of  Caracatures  in  Europe  admitance 
one  Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Six  Frenchmen,  much  caricatured, 
surround  the  coffin  of  Leopold  II y  which  is  raised  on  a  support  draped  with 
black ;  enormous  tears  stream  from  their  eyes,  splash  over  the  coffin,  and 
form  a  pool  of  water  which  is  more  than  ankle-deep,  inscribed :  Emigrant 
TearSy  Emigrant  TearSy  Tears,  Tears.  The  upper  part  of  the  ornate  coffin 
is  removed,  showing  the  profile  of  the  dead  Emperor,  emerging  from  the 
pool  caused  by  the  tears  of  the  French  princes.  The  central  figure  is  the 
Comte  d'Artois,  the  leader  of  the  emigres;  he  says,  oh  de  Pauvre,  Miserable 
ArtoiSy  Sans  AmiSy  sans  Argent,  sans  every  ting.  At  the  foot  of  the  coffin  is 
an  emigre,  stamping  with  rage  and  weeping,  who  says,  clutching  his  wig, 

Arrah  my  Honey  You  might  have  staid  to  help  us  to  turn  over  the  D d 

National  Assembly y  &  to  get  our  Estates,  &  then  we  could  have  done  toithout 
your  Assistance.  A  man  seated  in  the  foreground  (1.),  his  legs  crossed, 
weeps :  Tu-hu-hu  gootgot  Almitash  no  Friends  now  for  me  oh!  got  dem.  Two 
men  seated  behind  (r.)  say :  Par  bleu  my  Dear  Friend  Leopold y  how  could 
you  Die  and  leave  all  these  Poor  Princes  Dukes  &  Lord  behind  youy  and  Oh 

^  Written  above  'An  Irish'  which  has  been  scored  through. 
891 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

My  Dear  Leopold^  thus  to  leave  a  set  of  pauvres  Jean  foutres.  Allez  aux 
Enfers  f outre  y  pourquoi  was  you  to  Die  just  now? 

The  death  of  Leopold  II  on  i  March  1792  was  a  blow  to  the  cause  of 
monarchy  in  France  and  made  war  inevitable,  but  the  emigres  at  Coblenz 
rejoiced  at  it.  Sorel,  V Europe  et  la  Rev.  Franpaise,  1908,  ii.  373 ;  E.  Daudet, 
Hist,  de  r^migrationy  1904,  i.  179.  The  satire  is  probably  a  generahzed  one 
against  the  impotent  rage  and  futile  intrigues  of  Artois  and  Monsieur  at 
Coblenz,  where  their  chief  adherents  were  Calonne,  the  comte  and  marquis 
de  Vaudreuil  and  the  due  de  Gramont.  It  perhaps  covers  also  the  Prince 
de  Conde  and  his  son  the  due  de  Provence  who  were  at  Worms.  Ibid., 
i.  loi  ff.  Cf.  No.  8084. 
9fxi4jin. 

8069  MALAGRIDA,  DRIVING  POST. 

J' Gy  [GiWmy]  tnv.  &  f. 

iyg2  Pub.  March  16^^  by  H.  Humphrey  Bofid  Street 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  carriage  (r.)  drives  at  a  gallop  towards 
the  gateway  of  St.  James's  Palace;  Lord  Lansdowne,  in  peer's  robes,  puts 
his  head  out  of  the  window  to  call  to  the  coachman,  who  is  lashing  the 
pair  of  horses :  Drive  you  dog!  drive! — now,  or  never! — aha  the  Coast  is 

clearing! drive!  drive!  you  dog!   He  has  a  sly  smile.    The  carriage  is 

decorated  with  coronets,  and  on  the  door  is  the  beehive  crest  of  Lord 
Lansdowne  and  the  motto  Ut  Ap[es]  Geometriam.  The  coachman  and  three 
footmen  who  stand  behind  have  enormous  feather- trimmed  cocked  hats  in 
the  French  fashion,  with  bag-wigs.  Running  behind  the  carriage  with  out- 
stretched arms  are:  Fox,  saying.  Stop!  stop! — &  take  me  in, — Stop!; 
Sheridan  saying,  And  me  too!  stop,  and  (very  small)  M.  A.  Taylor,  saying, 
And  me. 

In  the  background  a  similar  carriage  is  driving  yet  more  rapidly  out  of 
the  Palace  gateway ;  the  tiny  figures  are  recognizable :  Dundas,  the  coach- 
man, has  dropped  the  reins,  the  horses  are  running  away;  Pitt,  terror- 
stricken,  puts  his  arms  through  the  windows.  Both  look  up  at  a  dove  with 
an  olive-branch  which  flies  over  their  heads  towards  the  gateway.  In  the 
background  are  part  of  the  Palace  and  the  houses  at  the  SW.  corner  of 
St.  James's  Street. 

A  famous  print:  the  debates  on  Pitt's  Russian  policy  (20,  27,  29  Feb.  and 
I  Mar.,  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  849-1000)  had  shaken  his  position,  cf.  No.  8041, 
&c. ;  the  possibility  of  a  coalition  was  discussed  and  the  King  appears  to 
have  asked  Lansdowne  for  his  advice,  see  the  latter's  memorandum;^ 
Fitzmaurice,  Life  of  Shelburne,  1912,  pp.  385-6.  Pitt  alludes  to  a  rumour  of 
his  resignation  as  ridiculous.  J.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  p.  35.  Lord 
Sydney  wrote,  16  June  1791,  of  Lansdowne  as  *in  a  state  of  great  and 
extraordinary  political  violence'.  Cornwallis  Corr.  ii.  142.  Cf.  No.  8076. 
For  Shelbume  as  Malagrida  cf.  No.  6006.  A  burlesque  copy  of  the  print, 
by  Newton,  was  published  25  March  1797. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  139-40.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  77.    Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
9|xi3iin. 

^  Generally  referred  to  as  a  letter  to  George  III.  The  phraseology,  however,  is 
not  that  of  a  letter  to  the  King,  though  it  may  be  a  draft  of  one.  Possibly  written 
speculatively,  anticipating  a  request  for  advice. 

892 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8070  THE  BOTTOMLESS-PITT. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  i6*^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey  A^"  j<5,  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  r.  hand 
extended,  1.  hand  resting  on  the  table  of  the  House  of  Commons,  on  which 
are  books,  &c.  He  says,  "7/"  there  is  a  Fundamental  deficiency  why  call  jor 
PapersV^  The  title  and  phrase  (used  by  Pitt  in  debate)  express  the 
exaggerated  attenuation  of  Pitt  below  the  waist.  He  wears  court-dress  with 
a  sword.  The  print  is  said  to  give  a  realistic  impression  of  Pitt  in  debate. 
Cf.  No.  8097. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  140.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  74.  Reprinted,  G.W.G., 
1830. 
9|x8fin. 

8071  A  HINT  FOR  AN  ESCAPE  AT  THE  NEXT  SPRING  MEET- 
ING. 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  M''^^  16  iyg2  by  S  W Fores  TV"  3  Piccadilly  where  may 
be  seen  the  Largest  Collection  of  Caracatures  in  Europe  Admitance 
I  shilling 

Engraving.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  with  arms  outstretched,  and  taking  an 
enormous  stride  stretching  almost  across  the  design,  is  ridden  by  a  little 
jockey  (Chifney)  who  kneels  on  his  shoulders,  his  whip  between  his  teeth, 
holding  the  Prince's  queue.  They  are  reaching  the  winning-post,  behind 
which  stands  the  judge,  on  a  block,  looking  through  an  oval  aperture  fixed 
to  the  post,  his  r.  hand  raised.  Behind  (1.)  stand  three  leading  members 
of  the  Jockey  Club,  two  of  them  threaten  the  jockey  with  raised  whips, 
saying,  ojf,  ojf,  no  Second  Performanc  of  this  Harlequin  Chiff — Duck  him 

Duck  him  in  the  Lake  and  D him  Fll  Hunt  him  like  a  mad  Bullock,  if  he 

Escapes  me  again  may  I  be  bunged  in  a  Beer  Butt.  The  former  is  probably 
Sir  Charles  Bunbury,  the  latter,  who  is  very  stout,  is  identified  as  T.  Bullock. 
The  Duke  of  Bedford  on  the  extreme  r.,  wearing  a  star,  says.  Gentlemen 
dont  Trouble  yourselves  with  him,  we'll  send  him  from  Bedford  to  Coventry. 
In  the  distance  are  men  riding,  and  a  high  phaeton. 

Chifney  had  been  warned  off  the  turf  for  his  riding  of  the  Prince's  horse 
Escape.  He  was  examined  by  the  stewards  of  the  Jockey  Club,  Bunbury, 
Ralph  Button,  and  Thomas  Panton ;  the  Duke  of  Bedford  was  popularly 
supposed  to  have  threatened  the  Prince  on  the  racecourse.  Huish,  Memoirs 
of  George  IV,  pp.  278,  281.  See  Nos.  7918,  7919. 
8fXi4f  in. 

8072  DESIGN  FOR  THE  NEW  GALLERY  OF  BUSTS  AND 
PICTURES. 

[Gillray.]  Peter,  burgh,  inv:  et  fecit. 

Pu¥  March  if^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey  N°  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  busts  on  pedestals  under  two 
pictures:  Fox,  very  lifelike,  without  inscription,  between  Demosthenes  against 

893 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

^schines  (1.)  and  Cicero  against  Cataline  (r.),  both  of  whom  look  straight 
before  them,  frowning  severely,  as  if  outraged  at  their  new  companion. 
Above  Demosthenes  is  Justice :  a  picture  of  Catherine  II,  raising  a  dagger 
to  stab  to  the  heart  the  Sultan,  who  lies  on  his  back,  his  sabre  and  a  bag  of 
16000000  Roubles  beside  him.  On  the  r.  is  Moderation :  the  Empress  in 
back  view  stands  facing  a  wall-map  of  Moldavia  Bessarabia  Wallachia  over 
which  she  stretches  her  stout  arms  with  widespread  greedy  fingers.  Between 
the  pictures  and  above  Fox  is  a  circle  surmounted  by  an  imperial  crown 
and  inscribed  Conjugal  Love  A  Cure  for  the  Haemerroidical  Cholic.  It  en- 
closes a  noose  of  rope,  and  another  rope  is  looped  round  the  exterior  of  the 
circle,  indicating  Catherine's  complicity  in  the  murder  of  her  husband 
Peter  III  (cf.  No.  8124).   Beneath  the  design  is  etched  in  four  columns: 

''The  Grecian  Orator  of  old y 
''With  scorn  rejected  Philip's  LazoSy 
"Indignant  spurn' d  at  Foreign  Goldy 
"And  triumphed  in  his  Country's  cause 

A  foe  to  every  wild  extremCy 
'Mid  civil  storms,  the  Roman  Sage 
Repress' d  ambition's  lawless  scheme 
And  check' d  the  madd'ning  people's  rage, — 

Domestic  Peace y  external  fame y 
With  Patriot  zeal  their  Patrons  sought 
And  Rome's  or  Athen's  sacred  nanWy 
Inspird  &  govern' d  every  thought y 

Who  theny  in  this  presumptuous  houry 
Aspires  to  share  th'  Athenian's  praise? 
The  tool  confess' d  of  foreign  pow'ry 
The  ASschines  of  modern  daySy 

What  chosen  name  to  Tully's  joind 
Is  now  announced  to  distant  climes? 
Behold  to  lasting  shame  consign' d 
The  Cataline  of  later  times. 

Catherine  ordered  a  bust  of  Fox  to  be  placed  between  those  of  Demos- 
thenes and  Cicero,  see  No.  7902,  &c.  For  Fox  as  Catiline  cf.  No.  6784,  &c. 
The  visit  of  Adair  to  Russia  and  his  intrigues  against  the  British  embassy 
there  increased  the  belief  that  Fox  was  acting  against  British  interests. 
Rose,  Pitt  and  National  Revival,  pp.  622-4.  Wraxall,  Memoirs,  1884,  i.  202, 
ii.  34.  Political  Memoranda  of  the  Duke  of  Leeds,  ed.  O.  Browning,  p.  204. 

The  verses  on  the  plate  are  reprinted  (with  slight  alterations)  in  the 
Anti-Jacobin  of  12  Feb.  1798,  as  'Written  ...  by  an  EngHsh  Traveller  just 
returned  from  Petersburgh'.  They  are  attributed  to  Pitt  by  James 
Boswell  jun.,  on  the  authority  of  Pitt's  nephew.  C.  Edmonds,  Poetry  of 
the  Anti-Jacobiny  1890,  xxi,  99-101  (reproduction).  The  print  is  said  to 
have  given  much  pleasure  to  George  III. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  158-9.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  76.    Reprinted, 
G.W.G.y  1830. 
9fXi2iin. 

894 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 
8073  ROAD  TO  RUIN. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  March  20  iyg2 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Notorious  rakes  and  gamblers  ride  or 
run  furiously  towards  rays  descending  from  a  sun  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of 
the  design  inscribed  Chance ;  its  centre,  a  segment  of  which  is  visible,  is 
composed  of  the  letters  on  an  E.O.  (roulette)  table  (cf.  No.  5928).  The 
foremost  pair  are  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  the  Duke, 
slightly  ahead,  wears  a  chamber-pot  on  his  head  marked  with  an  anchor 
(cf.  No.  7909)  and  sits  behind  Mrs.  Jordan,  who  cries.  Push  away!  that's 
your  sort!  He  cries.  Straight  Sailing!  that's  your  sort!  Both  the  horses  have 
human  heads;  that  of  the  Duke  says,  Fm  the  Sort  for  Leading  \  that  of  the 
Prince  is  Fox.  The  Prince's  hat  with  feathers  and  the  motto  Ich  dien  flies 
from  his  head,  two  women  sit  behind  him ;  the  one  holding  his  waist  ( ?  Mrs. 
Crouch)  says.  No  Jealous  Fitz — that's  your  sort!  The  other,  seated  behind 
her,  holds  the  end  of  the  Prince's  shirt,  she  has  a  large  fox's  brush  and 
is  probably  Mrs.  Armistead;  she  says.  Well  done  Charley!  That's  your  sort! 
The  Prince  says,  Fm  the  sort  for  a  Widow — she's  done  over!  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert  has  fallen  from  the  horse  into  a  stream  and  holds  out  her  arms 
towards  the  Prince.  From  the  water  emerges  a  post  inscribed  Styx^  a  bridge 
or  culvert  beside  it  is  Hazard. 

Behind  this  group  the  Duke  of  York  runs  forward,  wearing  a  hat  made 
of  playing-cards  surmounted  by  a  teetotum  inscribed  ABC ....  In  his 
r.  hand  he  holds  out  a  dice-box  inscribed  Oat —  shaking  from  it  two  dice 
inscribed  la  and  nds  (he  had  recently  bought  Oatlands) ;  in  his  1.  is  a  tennis 
racquet.  He  wears  regimentals ;  the  ribbon  across  his  shoulder  is  formed  of 
playing-cards ;  at  his  back  is  a  knapsack  full  of  Tennis  Balls  (cf.  No.  7903) 
which  resemble  guineas.  He  says,  Fm  the  sort!  for  running  out!  For  his 
gaming  see  No.  7301  (5),  &c.  Just  behind  him  ride  three  bloods  with 
cropped  hair,  wearing  the  high  hats,  long  breeches,  and  coats  with  shawl 
collars  hanging  away  from  the  neck  which  such  young  men  affected  (see 
No.  8040,  &c.).  The  one  nearest  the  spectator  rides  a  horse  with  a  bandage 
over  his  eyes  inscribed  Lottery  Hack\  he  looks  up,  regardless  of  the  fact 
that  he  is  riding  into  a  pit,  and  points  with  his  long  whip  to  a  castle  resting 
on  clouds  inscribed  Illegal  Insurance  (cf.  No.  7750);  he  says.  That's  your 
sort — I'm  in  for  it — I  shall  do  the  deep  Ones!  The  other  two  shout.  Go  it! 
Dam' me!  that  'syour  sort!  and  Dam  Trade!  Life  and  a  Racer!  that  'syour  sort. 

Behind  this  group  is  a  couple  on  a  galloping  horse :  a  stout  jovial  woman 
wearing  breeches  rides  astride,  waving  her  whip,  behind  her  sits  an  anxious- 
looking  elderly  citizen,  wearing  petticoats.  He  says.  We're  the  wrong  side 
of  Temple  Bar^  my  dear,  we  are  only  the  sort  to  be  laughed  at ;  she  answers, 
Peace  good  M^  Jerry  Candlewicky  its  life!  and  Life  and  the  Breeches!  thats  the 
sort.  By  their  horse's  head  is  a  signpost  inscribed  Rotten  Row,  with  a  point- 
ing hand  inscribed  Hoyle  (on  Whist),  the  vertical  post  inscribed  Crim.  con. 
The  last  rider  is  a  stout  woman,  probably  Mrs.  Hobart  (noted  for  her  faro- 
table,  see  No.  8167),  on  a  rocking-horse  inscribed  Faro\  she  carries  on  her 
arm  a  wicker  cage  containing  pigeons  and  says,  Unplucked  Pidgeons!  that 's 
the  sort.  In  the  foreground  on  the  extreme  r.  an  elderly  Jew  sits  on  a  bank 
watching  the  mad  race  with  a  smile ;  he  says,  ^o  per  Cent!  dats  de  sort! 
ifdey  ride  to  de  Devil,  dey  leave  coot  Security  behind,  Ah!  Security!  dat's  de 
sort.  Near  him  is  a  card  house ;  at  his  feet  is  the  Knave  of  Clubs.  In  the 
front  of  the  design  and  near  the  Duke  of  York  are  other  playing  cards  (1. 

89s 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

to  r.) :  four  aces,  the  two  of  diamonds,  King  of  Hearts,  and  ( ?)  Queen  of 
Diamonds,  the  last  two  having  some  resemblance  to  George  III  and  Queen 
Charlotte. 

Holcroft's  very  popular  Road  to  Ruin  was  first  played  at  Covent  Garden, 
1 8  Feb.  1792.  The  phrase  'that's  your  sort'  was  the  catch- word  of  the  fast 
spendthrift  Goldfinch,  who  made  his  final  exit  with  the  words  *.  .  ,  Damn 
trade!  The  four  aces,  a  back  hand,  and  a  lucky  nick!  I'm  a  deep  one! 
That's  your  sort!'  See  No.  8083. 
7iX2if  in.  (pL). 

8074  ANTI-SACCARITES,— OR— JOHN  BULL  AND  HIS  FAMILY 
LEAVING  OFF  THE  USE  OF  SUGAR. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  2f^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  King,  Queen,  and 
six  Princesses,  T.Q.L.,  are  seated  round  a  frugal  tea-table.  The  King,  in 
profile  to  the  r.,  faces  his  daughters,  holding  his  cup  and  saucer  to  his  lips, 
and  saying,  with  a  staring  eye,  delicious!  delicious.  The  Queen  sits  in  the 
centre  behind  the  small  tea-pot,  holding  her  cup  and  saucer  in  bony 
fingers,  and  looking  with  a  wide  and  cunning  smile  towards  the  Princesses, 
saying,  O  my  dear  Creatures^  do  but  Taste  it!  You  carCt  think  how  nice  it  is 
without  Sugar: — and  then  consider  how  much  Work  you^ll  save  the  poor 
Blackeemoors  by  leaving  off  the  use  of  it! — and  above  ally  remember  how  much 
expence  it  will  save  your  poor  Papa! — O  its  charming  cooling  Drink!  The 
Princess  Royal  sits  at  the  end  of  the  row,  on  the  extreme  r.,  with  four 
sisters  diminishing  in  age  on  her  r.,  a  sixth  just  indicated  behind  the  Queen. 
They  hold,  but  do  not  drink,  cups  of  tea,  with  expressions  varying  from 
sulky  discontent  to  defiant  surprise.  Below  the  title  is  etched:  To  the 
Masters  &  Mistresses  of  Families  in  Great  Britain,  this  Noble  Example  of 
(Economy,  is  respectfully  submitted. 

For  the  boycott  of  sugar  as  a  protest  against  the  slave  trade  see  W.  Fox, 
An  Address  to  the  People  of  Great  Britain  on  the  Propriety  of  Abstaining  from 
West  India  Sugar  and  Rum,  1791.  W.  L.  Mathieson,  England  in  Transition, 
1920,  pp.  68-70.  Of.  T.  L.  Peacock,  Melincourt  (HaUiford  ed.),  pp.  292  if. 
The  resolutions  of  the  'Antisaccharites'  were  ridiculed  on  the  ground  that 
they  covered  only  one  kind  of  colonial  produce.  Lond.  Chronicle,  30  March 
1792.  For  the  royal  family  and  sugar  see  No.  8081 ;  for  the  slave  trade 
see  also  No.  7848.  For  the  supposed  miserliness  of  the  King  and  (especially) 
the  Queen,  see  No.  7836,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.   140-1  (reproduction,  frontispiece).    Wright  and 
Evans,  No.  78.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830.   Reproduced,  Social  England, 
ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  505. 
I2|xi6in.  (pL). 

8075  MODERN  HOSPITALITY,— OR— A  FRIENDLY  PARTY  IN 
HIGH  LIFE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  March  31^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  scene  at  a  faro-table ;  part  of  the  table, 
including  an  angle  of  the  central  well,  stretches  across  the  foreground, 

896 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

players  and  spectators  sit  and  stand  behind  it.  Lady  Archer  is  the  most 
prominent ;  she  holds  a  pack  of  cards  in  one  hand,  a  knave  in  the  other, 
looking  with  a  triumphantly  rapacious  smile  at  a  stout  lady  ( ?  Mrs.  Hobart) 
who  sits  (r.)  clenching  her  fists  and  scowling  back.  All  the  others  have 
expressions  of  alarm  or  concern,  the  least  agitated  being  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  seated  on  Lady  Archer's  1.  On  the  extreme  r.  and  next  Mrs.  Hobart 
is  Fox,  turning  up  his  eyes.  The  guests  (except  the  Prince)  are  much 
caricatured;  one  of  Gillray's  witch-like  hags  sits  between  the  Prince  and 
Mrs.  Hobart.  On  the  table  are  heaps  of  coins,  notes  or  bills,  and  rouleaux 
of  guineas.  Above  the  design  is  etched  The  Knave  wins  all.  The  title  con- 
tinues :  To  those  earthly  Divinities  who  charmed  20  Years  ago,  this  Honorable 
method  of  banishing  mortifying  reflections,  is  dedicated.  O  Woman  !  Wojnan  ! 
everlasting  is  your  power  over  us,  for  in  youth  you  charm  our  Hearts,  and  in 
your  after-years  you  charm  away  our  Purses. 

The  faro-tables  of  Lady  Archer  and  other  women  of  fashion  were 
notorious  by  1792,  see  No.  8167,  &c.  On  i  Feb.  1791  Storer  wrote:  *Faro 
goes  on  as  briskly  as  ever ;  those  who  have  not  fortune  enough  of  their  own 
.  .  .  have  recourse  to  this  profitable  game.  .  .  .  The  ladies  are  all  embarked 
in  banks,  Mrs.  Strutt  [Sturt],  Lady  Archer,  Mrs.  Hobart,  Lady  Elizabeth 
Luttrell,  are  avowed  bankers;  others,  I  suppose,  are  secretly  concerned.* 
Auckland  Corr.  ii.  384.  Lady  Archer  was  supposed  to  have  supplied  in 
this  way  the  loss  of  income  due  to  the  marriages  of  her  daughters,  cf. 
No.  7301,  &c.  For  a  suggestion  that  the  Prince  shared  in  the  profits,  see 
No.  81 12. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
8ixi3|in. 

8076  CALL  OF  THE  (HOUSE),  OR,  SLAVE  TRADE  IN  A  LAND 
OF  LIBERTY. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W.  Dent  April  2^  iyg2 

Engraving.  Pitt  is  seated  on  an  ass  inscribed  Poor  John  Bull,  between  two 
groups  gaping  for  the  loaves  and  fishes  with  which  the  ass  is  laden,  the  fish 
being  in  two  panniers.  He  is  assisted  by  the  two  Treasury  secretaries,  each 
with  a  gigantic  pen.  He  sits  sideways  in  profile  to  the  1.  facing  the  larger 
crowd,  saying,  Have  Patience  !  and  do  as  you  are  bid,  and  depend  on  a  Call — 
Stand  still  Jack,  Fm  lightening  your  Burden.  He  thrusts  a  fish  into  the 
mouth  of  an  applicant ;  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  out  two  other  fish.  George 
Rose,  a  rose  decorating  his  queue,  uses  his  large  pen,  inscribed  Fragrant 
Ink,  as  a  barrier  to  press  back  the  hungry  crowd,  saying.  Fall  back  till  you 
are  called — you'll  all  have  a  Call  sootier  or  later.  The  most  prominent  is 
Alderman  Curtis,  wearing  sea-boots,  who  says.  Give  an  old  Fisherman  a 
few  Fish  to  his  Biscuits  [see  No.  7676].  Arden,  Master  of  the  Rolls,  on  the 
extreme  1.,  walks  away  with  a  large  bundle  of  fish,  saying,  Whats  Rowls 
tvithout  Fish  Dam  it  a  Man  can't  live  on  Bread  alone.  Brook  Watson,  his 
wooden  leg  thrust  out,  his  pocket  full  of  fish,  grovels  on  the  ground  under 
Rose's  legs  to  grasp  two  fish  which  are  under  the  feet  of  the  ass,  saying, 
My  Wife  has  a  Call  for  these  [see  No.  6965].  The  other  Ministerialists, 
who  are  much  caricatured,  cannot  be  identified. 

Charles  Long,  the  other  Treasury  Secretary  (succeeded  Steele  Sept. 
1 791),  holds  his  Long  Quill  as  a  bar  to  press  back  the  clamouring  members 
of  the  Opposition  (r.),  saying,  You  are  not  called  my  sweet  Sirs,  nor  like  to 

897  3  M 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

be — SO  stand  back,  Burke  grovels  on  the  ground  between  Long's  legs,  a 
pendant  to  Watson,  grasping  fish  in  both  hands,  saying,  I  have  no  Call  to 
open  my  Mouth  now.  In  the  front  row  stand  Sheridan,  Fox,  and  ( ?)  M.  A. 
Taylor,  clamouring  with  melancholy  expressions.  Sheridan  holds  a 
chamber-pot  on  which  is  an  anchor  (emblem  of  the  Duke  of  Clarence  and 
Mrs.  Jordan,  see  No.  7909,  &c.).  Fox  holds  a  large  bucket  in  each  hand, 
on  one  is  a  fox,  sitting  up  with  greedy  expectation,^  on  the  other  are  the 
feathers  of  the  Prince  of  Wales ;  he  says,  Our  Vessels  are  Empty  I  Oh  !  pray 
attend!  for  our  Call  is  great  [cf.  No.  7873].  Behind  these  there  are  three 
central  heads  in  profile,  that  of  Powys  being  in  the  centre.  The  ass  looks 
down  dejectedly;  his  harness  is  inscribed  Poor  Jack  Bull.  He  says  Its  high 
time  this  Trade  was  abolished.   The  'house'  of  the  title  is  depicted. 

Competition  for  the  loaves  and  fishes  of  office  and  ministerial  corruption 
were  stock  subjects  of  caricature ;  this  satire  perhaps  relates  to  the  rumours 
of  ministerial  reconstruction,  see  No.  8069.   For  Burke  as  a  renegade  cf. 
No.  7865,  &c. 
9|Xi3fin.  (pL). 

Reproduction  of  a  satire  on  the  slave  trade,  Fuchs,  p.  247. 
PRACTICAL  CHRISTIANITY. 
[Newton.] 
London  Pu¥  April  2  1792,  by  Wilh  Holland^  A^"  50  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving.  Two  black  overseers  flog  with  great  brutality  two  negroes  who 
are  tied  to  palm-trees.   A  young  and  well-dressed  white  woman,  mistress 
of  the  plantation,  smilingly  superintends. 
5jX7|in.  B.M.L.  Bks.  2.  g.  10. 

8077  A  WELL-KNOWN  TEA-TABLE  ALTERCATION. 

Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine 

Published  by  W.  &  J.  Stratford,  N<>  112  Holborn  Hill,  April  2,  iyg2. 

Engraving.  PI.  from  the  above  magazine.  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  and 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  sit  side  by  side  on  a  settee;  between  them  is  a  small 
round  tea-table.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  flings  the  contents  of  a  tea-cup  in  the 
Prince's  face ;  he  covers  his  face  with  his  hand  to  ward  off  the  liquid.  On 
the  wall  behind  her  is  an  oval  bust  portrait  of  the  Duke  of  York  in  profile 
to  the  r.  On  each  side  of  it  are  two  large  pictures,  partly  visible :  (1.)  a 
servant  in  livery  embracing  a  maidservant,  causing  her  to  spill  the  contents 
of  a  kettle  over  a  cock ;  (r.)  Time  with  his  shears  clips  the  wings  of  Cupid. 
Illustration  to  a  dialogue  (p.  184)  in  which,  though  names  are  not  men- 
tioned, Mrs.  Fitzherbert  asks  when  she  is  to  be  formally  introduced  to  the 
Duchess  of  York.  The  Prince  says  'You  have  no  pretensions  to  any  such 
distinction! — Because  I  submitted  to  a  few  ceremonious  matters  in  order 
to  amuse  you,  and  to  gloss  over  your  conduct  to  the  censorious  world,  you 
begin  to  be  presumptuous  .  .  .'.  Actually,  the  Duchess  of  York's  refusal 
to  treat  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  as  a  sister-in-law  is  said  to  have  caused  coolness 
between  the  brothers.  Malmesbury,  Diaries  and  Corr.  1884,  "•  452-  See 
Nos.  7910,  7926,  81 13,  and  cf.  No.  7564. 
5|X3iin. 

■^  Mr.  Hawkins  has  written  'Swinish  Multitude'  on  this  bucket:  the  animal  has 
some  resemblance  to  a  pig. 

898. 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8078  CONTRIBUTING  TO  THE  SINKING  FUND 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  April  3,  iyg2  by  W»*  Holland,  N""  50  Oxford  S* 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
Caricatures  in  Europe,  Admit^^  one  ShiU 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III  and  Queen  Charlotte  face 
each  other  in  profile  across  a  small  round  breakfast-table.  Each  holds  a 
cup  and  saucer  in  one  hand,  a  muffin  in  the  other,  eating  ravenously. 
Each  is  seated  on  a  close-stool.  Opposite  each  is  a  large  pile  of  muffins. 
The  King  (1.)  says,  Very  nice  Muffins  upon  my  honor!  very  nice  Muffins 
indeed!  The  man's  name  was  Matthew  Muffin  that  invented  these  nice  things, 
my  love.  There's  Dick  Lollypop,  old  Q's  groom,  it  was  his  father  invented  the 
Lollypops.  Let  me  alone  for  a  good  anecdote,  or  Bon  Mot.  My  Second  Volume 
of  the  Festival  of  Wit  sells  astonishingly  I  am  told:  a  great  number  of  good 
things  in  that  little  book,  Charley,  they  should  be  called  Lollypops  of  Wit!!! 
Very  good  that,  very  good  indeed!  The  Queen  ansv^rers,  He  that  invented 
Muffins  was  a  German  my  love,  the  Germans  are  all  people  of  genius!  They 
are  very  unwholesome  I  am  told  and  in  a  little  time  they  puff  one  up  like  a 
bladder!  (Cf.  No.  7923.) 

The  Queen  is  more  caricatured  than  the  King,  who  wears  old-fashioned 
dress  without  the  ribbon  of  the  Garter,  but  with  a  garter  inscribed  Honi 
Soit  Sir —  On  the  table  is  a  large  urn  decorated  with  the  Royal  Arms 
(burlesqued)  and  with  satyrs. 

The  King  alludes  to  a  collection  called  'The  Festival  of  Wit;  or,  small 
Talker,  being  a  Collection  of  Bon  Mots,  Anecdotes,  &c  of  the  Most 

Exalted  Characters;  procured  and  selected  by  G K ,  Summer 

Resident  at  Windsor',  which  purports  to  be  written  by  George  III,  and 
is  an  elaborate  joke  at  his  expense.  The  i6th  edition  (B.M.L.  123 16  aaa  48) 
is  dated  1793. 
ii|Xi6|  in. 

8079  THE  ABOLITION  OF  THE  SLAVE  TRADE. 
[I.    Cruikshank.] 

Pub  April  10  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Picca  .  .  . 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  deck  of  a  slave-ship  showing  the 
stern,  the  lower  part  of  a  mast  and  sail.  A  negro  girl  is  suspended  by  an 
ankle  from  a  rope  held  over  a  pulley  by  a  sailor  (r.),  who  hauls  at  it,  leaning 
back,  and  saying.  Dam  me  if  I  like  it  I  have  a  good  mind  to  let  go.  Two  other 
sailors  on  the  extreme  r.  walk  away,  saying.  My  Eyes  Jack  our  Girles  at 
Wapping  are  never  flogged  for  their  modesty,  and.  By  G — d  that's  too  bad 
if  he  had  taken  her  to  bed  to  him  it  would  be  well  enough.  Split  me  Fm  allmost 
sick  of  this  Black  Business.  The  captain  (Kimber)  stands  on  the  1.  looking 
at  the  spectator  with  a  grinning  leer,  his  hands  to  his  chest  as  if  laughing ; 
in  his  r.  hand  is  a  whip.  Two  scourges  lie  on  the  deck.  In  the  background 
three  naked  negroes  are  sitting.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  Or  the  In- 
humanity of  Dealers  in  human  flesh  exemplified  in  Capt**  Kimber' s  treatment 
of  a  Young  Negro  Girl  of  15  for  her  Virje^  Modesty. 

This  brutality  was  described  by  Wilberforce  in  the  House  of  Commons 
on  2  April,  and  in  response  of  cries  from  all  parts  of  the  House  of  'Name!*, 

899 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

he  gave  that  of  Captain  Kimber,  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  1 070-1.  Kimber  was 
tried  at  the  Admirahy  on  7  June  1792  on  a  charge  of  murdering  a  negro 
girl  by  terrible  punishments  for  refusing  to  join  the  other  negroes  in 
dancing.  The  evidence  was  that  of  the  ship's  surgeon  Dowling  and  the 
mate,  who  were  both  committed  for  perjury,  Kimber  being  honourably 
acquitted.  Dowling  had  given  evidence  before  the  Committee  for  the 
Abolition  of  the  Slave  Trade,  without  speaking  of  this  'murder*,  but  had 
'mentioned'  it  to  Wilberforce  the  day  before  his  speech  for  abolition. 
Trial  of  Captain  John  Kimber  and  Lond.  Chronicle^  9  June  1792.  Wilber- 
force, however,  believed  Kimber  substantially  guilty,  and  thought  the  wit- 
nesses 'scandalously  used'.  When  released  Kimber  demanded  'a  public 
apology,  ;£5ooo  in  money,  and  such  a  place  as  will  make  me  comfortable'. 
Life  of  Wilberforce^  i.  356-9.  Cf.  No.  8081.  For  the  slave  trade  see  No. 
7848,  &c. 
SJXisJin. 

8080  TAKING  PHYSICK:— OR— THE  NEWS  OF  SHOOTING  THE 
KING  OF  SWEDEN! 

[Gillray.] 

Pub'^  April  11^^  iyg2.  by  H.  Humphrey  N 18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  King  and  Queen,  much  carica- 
tured, sit  side  by  side  in  a  latrine,  above  which  is  part  of  the  royal 
arms,  the  lion  looking  down  apprehensively  and  excreting.  They  look  in 
horror  towards  Pitt,  who  rushes  in,  terrified,  from  a  door  (r.),  holding  out 
a  paper  inscribed  News  from  Sweden^  and  saying.  Another  Monarch  done 
over!  He  is  grotesquely  thin.  The  King  rises  slightly,  holding  his  stomach, 
and  saying.  What  ?  Shot  ?  What  ?  what  ?  what  ?  Shot !  shot !  shot !  He  wears 
a  nightcap  tied  with  a  ribbon  inscribed  Honi  Soit  qui  M  .  .  .  ,  The  Queen 
is  a  shrunken  and  huddled  figure;  both  have  grotesquely  agitated  ex- 
pressions. 

Gustavus  III  of  Sweden  was  shot  in  the  Stockholm  Opera  House  on 
16  March  and  died  on  29  March.  News  of  the  outrage  reached  London 
on  5  April,  and  of  his  death  on  13  April.  Lond.  Chronicle^  7  and  14  April 
1792.   See  Nos.  8082,  8 131. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.  142.  de  Vinck,  No.  4372. 
9|x  i2f  in. 

8081  THE  GRADUAL  ABOLITION  OFF  THE  SLAVE  TRADE. 
OR  LEAVING  OF  SUGAR  BY  DEGREES. 

[L  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  April  15  iyg2  by  SW  Fores 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  King  and  Queen 
sit  side  by  side,  facing  the  spectator,  behind  a  circular  breakfast-table ;  two 
Princesses  are  on  the  King's  r.,  Mrs.  Schwellenburg  on  the  Queen's  1.,  the 
figures  being  T.Q.L.  and  the  surface  of  the  table  filling  the  centre  fore- 
ground. Princess  Elizabeth,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holds  out  her  cup,  saying. 
Indeed  papay  I  cant  leave  of  a  good  thing  so  soon,  I  am  sure  of  late  I  have  been 
very  moderate,  but  I  must  have  a  bit  now  &'  then.  The  King,  who  wears  a 
nightcap  and  holds  a  brimming  saucer  in  one  hand,  a  cup  whose  contents 

900 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

he  is  spilling  in  the  other,  answers,  Poo  Poo  Poo^  leave  it  off  at  once^  you 
know  I  have  never  Drank  any  since  I  was  married  Lizie.  Her  sister,  on  the 
extreme  1.,  turns  her  head  away  in  disgust,  saying, /or  my  Part  Fd  rather 
Want  altogether  than  have  a  small  Peice.  The  Queen,  much  caricatured, 
wearing  a  plain  cap  and  morning  gown,  takes  tiny  pieces  of  sugar  from  a 
basin  to  weigh  them  in  a  small  pair  of  scales,  like  those  used  for  weighing 
guineas  (cf.  No.  81 17),  which  she  holds  between  finger  and  thumb;  she 
grins  delightedly,  looking  at  Mrs.  Schwellenberg,  and  saying.  Now  my 
Dear's  only  an  ickle  Bit,  do  but  tink  on  de  Negro  girl  dat  Captain  Kimber 
treated  so  cruelly  ha.  Madam  Swelly  &  Rum  too.  Mrs.  Schwellenberg  (r.), 
grasping  a  bottle  of  Brandy  in  both  hands,  answers,  oh  to  be  sure  I  was  taken 
but  an  ickle  at  a  time,  an  ickle  and  often  you  know  &  as  for  de  Rum  I  dont 
care  about  it.  good  Coniac  will  make  shift  aha  II  In  the  shadow  between  the 
Queen  and  her  Keeper  of  Robes  is  a  face  gaping  at  the  table,  perhaps 
intended  for  a  younger  princess.  On  the  table  are  a  small  tea-pot  and 
cream  jug  on  an  oval  tray,  and  two  piles  of  muffins. 

For  this  subject  see  No.  8074,  and  for  Captain  Kimber  No.  8079. 

de  Vinck,  No.  6038. 
8^X141  in. 

8082  PATRIOTS     AMUSING     THEMSELVES ;— OR— SWEDES 
PRACTISING  AT  A  POST. 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  April  ig^^  1792,  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (r.)  kneels  in  profile  to  the  1.,  firing 
point-blank  from  a  blunderbuss  at  a  post  which  roughly  suggests  George 
III  in  back  view:  it  is  surmounted  by  a  short  wig  and  a  hunting-cap  de- 
corated with  the  royal  arms ;  round  a  protuberance  simulating  posteriors  a 
circle  is  drawn  with  a  bull's-eye  at  which  Fox  is  firing.  He  is  much  carica- 
tured, with  large  head  and  short  fat  legs;  he  wears  a  slouch  hat  with  the 
inscription  Ca-Ira,  and  has  a  pleased  and  sinister  smile.  Behind  him 
Priestley  (1.)  and  Sheridan  (r.)  face  each  other  in  profile  with  conspiratorial 
smiles.  Sheridan  is  ramming  the  barrel  of  a  pistol,  saying.  Well!  this  new 
Game  is  delightfull — O  HeavensI  if  I  could  but  once  Pop  the  Postlll  then  you 
and  mCy — Dear  Brother  P, — Would  sing  zoith  glee, — Full  merrily  Ca-ira! 
Ca-iral  Ca-ira!  Priestley  holds  out  to  him  two  books:  on  the  Glory  of 
Revolution  and  on  the  Folly  of  Religion  &  Order,  saying.  Here  *s  plenty  of 
Wadding  for  to  ram  down  the  Charge  with,  to  give  it  force,  &  to  make  a  loud 
Report. 

For  the  murder  of  the  King  of  Sweden  see  No.  8080.   For  Fox  and  his 
friends  cf.  No.  7894,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  143.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  74.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.., 
1830. 
9fXi3iin. 

8083  SCENE  IN  THE  ROAD  TO  RUIN 
R^  N.  [Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  May  iyg2  by  R.  Newton  G  Portland  S* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales,  the  Duke  of  York, 
and  Henry  Barry  as  Harry  Dornton,  Milford,  and  Goldfinch  in  Holcroft's 

901 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

play.  The  Duke,  wearing  regimentals,  stands  in  the  centre,  saying  to  the 
Prince  (1.) :  come  Come  along  the  Tennis  match  will  be  all  Over  a  rare  match 
between  Will —  the  Marker  and  the  Frenchman  so  Come  along.  The  Prince, 
wearing  his  star,  turns  away  from  his  brother  to  read  a  play-bill  posted  on 
the  corner  of  a  building :  This  Evening  the  Road  to  Ruin  M^  Munden  .  .  . 
and  Goldfinch  by  M^  Barry  [illegible  word]  with  the  Reclaimed  Rake;  he 
says,  /  will  not  come  no — no.  *Cripplegate'  Barry  stands  on  the  r.  looking 
through  an  eye-glass,  and  saying,  O  Dam  me  what  a  Cake  Thats  your  Sort. 
(Cake,  foolish  fellow.  Grose,  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue^  1796.)  He  is  extrava- 
gantly dressed  in  the  manner  of  the  'crops'  of  the  period,  see  No.  8040,  &c., 
the  stage  directions  being  'high-collared  coat,  several  under  waistcoats, 
buckskin  breeches  covering  his  calves,  short  boots,  long  spurs,  high- 
crowned  hat,  hair  to  the  extreme  etc.\  His  r.  leg  is  twisted  to  indicate  his 
club-foot,  and  his  cane  is  thrust  into  his  boot. 

The  scene  follows  fairly  closely  part  of  Act  H.  The  play  was  intended  to 
satirize  'some  extravagant  examples  in  private  life  .  .  .  which  were  personi- 
fied in  the  character  of  Goldfinch'.  Baker,  Biog.  Dram.y  181 2,  iii.  213.  It 
is  probable  that  not  only  Goldfinch,  but  Harry  Dornton  and  Milford  were 
intended  for  portraits :  Dornton,  the  reclaimed  and  high-principled  rake, 
has  given  up  racing:  'I  have  done  with  Highflyer  and  Eclipse  too';  the 
Prince  had  recently  (it  was  supposed)  given  up  the  Turf  on  account  of  the 
scandal  over  Escape,  see  No.  7918.  Milford  is  an  enthusiast  for  tennis,  as 
was  the  Duke  of  York,  see  No.  7903.  See  also  No.  8073. 
8JX13  in. 


8084  ARMING  IN  THE  DEFENCE  OF  THE  FRENCH  PRINCES 
OR  THE  PARTING  OF  HECTOR  AND  ANDROMACHE. 

[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  May  8  iyg2  by  W.  Holland  N''  50  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III,  wearing  armour,  with  a 
helmet  and  a  long  sword,  turns  towards  the  Queen  (r.),  who  stands  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  putting  her  r.  hand  on  his  shoulder  and  shedding  large 
tears;  in  her  1.  hand  is  a  handkerchief.  Both  are  much  caricatured,  the 
King's  face,  with  a  round,  protruding  eye,  and  an  expression  of  dismayed 
surprise,  is  seen  through  the  bars  of  his  helmet.  He  says.  What,  What, 
what  do  you  cry  for  ?  cant  be  shot  in  this  armour,  had  it  from  the  Tower,  it 
belonged  to  Harry  8th  You'll  frighten  me  if  you  cry — won't  draw  my  sword 
if  I  can  help  it,  but  I  must  frighten  the  rascals  into  good  manners.  Behind 
the  King  stands  Pitt  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  also  in  armour  but  wearing 
top-boots.  He  holds  a  spear  and  an  oval  shield  inscribed  Ways  and 
Means,  saying,  The  Clock,  illustrious  Warrior,  has  just  chim'd  twelve — We 
must  depart. 

Though  France  declared  war  on  Austria,  20  April  1792,  Pitt  and  the 
Ministry  were  opposed  to  war,  but  fear  that  England  would  be  involved 
in  the  war  caused  alarm.  Rumours  of  pending  war  preparations  were 
publicly  denied  by  Pitt  on  28  April ;  the  Government  made  a  declaration  of 
neutrality  on  25  May.  Pallain,  La  Mission  de  Talleyrand  a  Londres  en  1792, 
1889,  p.  25 1 .  The  first  of  these  prints  to  hint  at  the  possibility  of  war.  See 
also  Nos.  7833,  8138,  and  cf.  No.  7893. 
13  X  Hi  in. 

902 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8085  GALIC  PERFIDY,  OR  THE  NATIONAL  TROOPS  ATTACH- 
MENT  TO  THEIR  GENERAL  AFTER  THEIR  DEFEAT  AT 
TOURNAY 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  May  12  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  General  Theobald 
Dillon  (T.Q.L.)  is  being  murdered  by  French  soldiers,  ruffianly  fellows, 
most  of  whom  wear  cocked  hats  with  a  tricolour  cockade.  He  is  pierced 
with  many  bayonets,  and  his  throat  is  cut ;  his  head  is  dragged  backwards 
by  a  man  who  grasps  his  hair  in  hands  and  teeth.  He  puts  up  an  arm 
crying,  oh  le  Paume  Dillon.  A  man  with  sabre  raised  to  slash  again,  says, 
Encore  Encore.  Two  of  the  men  say  Ca-ira.  One  who  is  using  his  bayonet 
says,  oh  by  Gar  dis  will  be  de  brave  news  for  de  new  association  in  England. 
One  of  the  soldiers  is  a  negro. 

Dillon  had  a  command  under  Dumouriez  in  Flanders.  War  having 
been  declared  by  France  on  Austria  on  20  April,  he  was  ordered  to  attack 
Tournay,  29  April,  to  prevent  its  assisting  Mons.  On  his  ordering  a  retreat, 
a  panic  seized  the  cavalry,  the  whole  force  fled,  and  Dillon  was  barbarously 
murdered  by  his  troops  in  Lille.  Morse  Stephens,  Hist,  of  the  French  Rev., 
1895,  ii.  yy-S;Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii.  103-6.  See  Nos.  8086,  8100.  The  *new 
association'  is  the  Friends  of  the  People  founded  1 1  April  1792,  by  Grey, 
Sheridan  and  others,  which  gained  rapid  publicity  through  its  Declaration 
and  the  debate  of  April  30  on  Parliamentary  Reform.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix. 
1300  ff. ;  see  No.  8087,  &c.  The  London  Corresponding  Society  (of  work^ 
ing  men)  founded  25  January  1792  by  Thomas  Hardy  was  still  obscure. 
9iXi4iin. 

8086  AUSTRIAN  BUGABOO,  FUNKING  THE  FRENCH  ARMY 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  12^^  1792,  by  H.  Humphrey  N''  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  monster,  representing  Austria,  puts 
to  flight  a  disorderly  rabble  of  French  soldiers  who  fall  over  each  other 
in  their  haste.  He  has  enormous  legs  which  are  joined  to  his  shoulders, 
probably  to  indicate  that  he  is  *nobody'  (cf.  No.  5570) ;  his  head  consists 
of  a  large  military  cap,  decorated  with  the  Habsburg  eagle,  from  which 
issue  enormous  moustaches  and  two  puff^s  of  smoke  (from  simulated 
nostrils);  he  smokes  a  large  curved  metal  pipe,  and  from  his  supposed 
mouth  issues  a  blast  of  smoke  directed  against  the  French  troops.  His  legs 
are  arrogantly  astride,  his  arms  akimbo,  he  wears  a  huge  sabre  and  spurred 
jack-boots.  The  French  soldiers  in  the  foreground  are  ragged  and  ill- 
armed,  one  holds  a  pitchfork,  those  behind  have  muskets.  One  holds  up 
a  tricolour  flag  inscribed  Liberta[s]  and  cries  La  Liberte!  La  Liberte — de 
s*enfuir.  In  the  upper  1.  comer  of  the  design  is  etched : 

*'  While  loyal  honour  warm'd  a  Frenchmans  breast y 

*'  The  field  of  Battle  was  a  glorious  test; 

*' Nobly  ambitious  for  his  King  to  fight y 

'*To  die  or  conquer  was  a  Soldiers  Right. 

*'A  strange  reverse  the  Democrats  display, 

'*And  prove  the*' Right  of  Man** — to  run  away — 

903 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

A  satire  on  the  panic-stricken  flight  from  Tournay  which  was  followed 
by  the  murder  of  Dillon.  See  Nos.  8085,  8100.  George  III  wrote  to 
Grenville,  4  May  1792,  *The  brutality  and  cowardice  that  has  attended  the 
outset  of  the  French  hostilities  does  not  augur  either  a  successful  or 
honourable  issue  of  their  warlike  furor  . .  .'.  Hist.  MSS.  Comm.y  Dropmore 
MSS,  ii.  267.  Serious  hostilities  did  not  begin  till  August.  To  funk  was 
to  smoke  (to  funk  the  cobbler:  a  schoolboy's  trick  to  puff  asafoetida 
through  a  pipe  into  a  cobbler's  stall) ;  fig. :  to  smoke  or  stink  through  fear. 
Grose,  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue y  1796. 

Grego,  Gillrayj  p.  143.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  81.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.y 
1830. 
9ixi3-i:in. 


8087  MAD  TOM'S  FIRST  POLITICAL  ESSAY  ON  THE  RIGHTS 
OF  MAN 

IC  [Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  May  14  iyg2  hy  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Tom  Paine,  Sheridan,  and  Whitbread 
as  conspirators  and  incendiaries  wear  hooded  cloaks  and  slouch  hats. 
Paine  (1.),  a  bare-legged  sans-culotte  with  ragged  shirt,  kneels  on  one  knee, 
holding  a  torch  to  a  pair  of  breeches  (his  own)  stuffed  with  straw  which  he 
is  putting  under  the  floor,  a  plank  having  been  removed.  He  says,  Now  for 
a  Deed  that  shall  outdo  my  Pen.  Sheridan  bends  forward  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  holding  a  dark  lantern;  he  says,  Ca  ira^  Ca  ira^  Ca  ira^  thats  your  sort 
[a  phrase  from  the  Road  to  Rtdn^  see  No.  8071],  now  Master  brown  bread 
D — mn — n  to  Scandel.  He  addresses  Whitbread,  who  stands  behind  him, 
full  face,  hands  clasped,  with  an  expression  of  terror.  He  says,  /  am 
Cursedly  afraid^  we  shall  kindle  such  a  flame  as  will  bury  Jis  in  the  ruinSy  Vd 
he  very  Glad  to  treat  them  with  as  many  Butts  of  Brown  Stout  as  would  reach 
from  here  to  Windsor  to  wash  my  name  out  of  the  Association  oh.  Lord,  lighten 
our  Darkness.  (An  allusion  to  Peter  Pindar's  'Birthday  Ode  .  .  .': 

Now  Mr.  Whitbread  serious  did  declare, 

To  make  the  majesty  of  England  stare. 

That  he  had  butts  enough  he  knew. 

Placed  side  by  side,  would  reach  along  to  Kew.) 

They  stand  on  a  landing  between  two  flights  of  stairs,  one  (1.)  ascending, 
one  (r.)  descending;  Whitbread  stands  just  below  the  landing  on  the 
extreme  r. 

On  9  May  the  House  of  Commons  escaped  being  burnt:  a  pair  of 
smouldering  breeches  had  been  thrust  under  the  ceiling  of  a  closet ;  this  filled 
the  lobby  with  smoke,  and  the  burning  breeches  were  discovered.  Lond. 
Chronicle  J  12  May  1792 ;  see  also  Nos.  8088,  8091,  8092.  For  Paine 's  Rights 
of  Man  see  No.  7867,  &c.  The  'Association'  of  which  Whitbread  spealcs 
is  the  Friends  of  the  People,  formed  to  promote  parliamentary  reform. 
See  Lord  Holland's  Memoirs  of  the  Whig  Party,  i.  13-15;  Lady  Holland's 
Journal,  i.  101-2,  and  Nos.  8085,  8095,  8131,  8140,  8141,  8144. 

Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  666. 

8Jxi4jin. 

904 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8088  THE  BISHOP  OF  A  TUN'S  BREECHES ;— OR— THE  FLAM- 
ING EVEQUE,  PURIFYING  THE  HOUSE  OF  OFFICE! 

[Gillray.] 

Puh  May  14^  1792,  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  street 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  latrine ;  a  procession,  headed  by  Talleyrand 
holding  up  a  crozier,  advances  towards  the  seat ;  through  the  circular  aper- 
ture looks  out  the  head  of  a  demon,  saying,  Ca  Ira!  Ca  Ira!  Talleyrand, 
as  Bishop  of  Autun,  wears  mitre,  lawn  sleeves,  long  robes;  he  puts  one 
knee  on  the  seat,  showing  that  his  leg  above  the  knee  is  bare,  revealing  him 
a  sans-culotte ;  to  his  crozier  are  suspended  his  blazing  breeches.  He  is 
followed  by  a  French  fish- wife,  walking  in  profile  to  the  r.,  and  carrying 
a  flaming  torch  inscribed  Inflammatory  Epis[tle] ;  in  her  r.  hand  is  a  docu- 
ment inscribed  Instructions  from  the  National  Assembly  to  their  Diplo- 
matique.  Two  fish  hang  from  her  waist.  Behind  and  on  the  extreme  1.  walk 
three  small  and  ruffianly  Frenchmen  with  tricolour  caps  carrying  a  lighted 
brazier,  a  red-hot  poker,  &c.  On  the  wall  (r.),  partly  obscured  by  the  smoke 
from  the  breeches  and  in  danger  of  destruction,  is  a  picture  of  The  House  of 
Commons.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  To  the  Patriots  of  France  &  England y 
this  representation  of  the  Burning  Zeal  of  the  holy  '^Attache  a  la  Mission* \ 
and  his  Colleague  ^^VEnvoie  des  Poissardes*\  is  most  respectfully  dedicated — 

The  poissarde  is  evidently  Chauvelin,  Minister  Plenipotentiary  from  the 
King  of  the  French,  to  whom  Talleyrand  was  ostensibly  only  unofficial 
adviser.  Their  mission  was  to  secure  the  neutrality  of  England  in  a  war 
between  France  and  Austria.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  pp.  41-4, 
47-51.  The  print  is  typical  of  the  growing  prejudice  against  France, 
believed  to  be  stirring  up  sedition  in  England,  and  remarkable  in  the  know- 
ledge it  reveals  of  Talleyrand's  true  position.  For  the  incident  of  the  burn- 
ing breeches  see  No.  8087. 

Grego,  Gillray y  pp.  150-1.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  75.    Reprinted, 
G.W.G.y  1830. 
9|xi3iiin.  (pi.). 

Collection  de  Vinck,  No.  4469, 
IMPERIAL  SALUTE  OR  INVITATION  TO  PEACE  REJECTED. 
Pu¥  by  J.  Aitken  nP  14  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields  May  16  1792 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Liberty  stands  holding  the  bonnet 
rouge  on  a  pike  and  presenting  her  bared  posteriors  to  Louis  XVI,  who 
kneels  to  kiss  her.  Francis  II,  astride  a  cannon,  threatens  Liberty,  saying. 
Stand  away  and  F II  give  her  a  warm  salute  \  George  III  says  to  him.  You 
had  better  do  as  I  have  been  doing  a  long  time— kissing  her  A — e  for  fear  of 
the  worst!  pray  do?  In  the  background  Catherine  II  runs  up,  expressing 
her  readiness  to  kick  Liberty. 

A  copy  with  French  inscriptions  is  in  Jaime,  PI.  11.  G. 
7|Xi5fin. 

8089  PSALM  SINGING  AT  THE  CHAPEL  *****  [Royal] 
[Newton.] 

London.  Pub.  by  W.  Holland,  Oxford  Street.  May  if^  1792. 

Engraving.  The  King,  Queen,  and  two  princesses,  all  T.Q.L.,  sing  with 
wide-open  mouths.  Above  them  is  engraved  How  pleasant  is  my  dwelling 

905 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

place;  this  is  repeated  in  the  open  books  held  by  the  King  and  Queen. 
George  III  on  the  extreme  1.  and  the  Queen  next  him  are  much  caricatured ; 
they  stand  in  profile  to  the  r.,  one  hand  extended,  the  King  looking  up 
with  a  staring  eyeball.  Next  them  is  the  Princess  Royal,  also  with  a  book 
and  in  profile.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  Princess  Elizabeth  wearing  a  turban, 
full  face,  with  no  book;  her  wide-open  mouth  and  attitude  (r.  arm 
extended,  1.  arm  bent)  suggest  an  operatic  singer. 

8-ixi2-Jin. 


8090  WONDERFUL  NEWS  FROM  SERINGAPATAM. 

[?  Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  May  i8,  iyg2  by  William  Holland  AT"  ^o  Oxford  Street, 

Just  Published  by  Holland — Three  Prints  on  the  Slave  Trade — Justice 
and  Humanity  at  Home — Cruelty  and  Oppression  Abroad;  and^  the 
Blind  Enthusiast.  Price  Half  a  Guinea.  Likewise  the  Combustible 
Breeches  presented  to  the  ****  [King]  26  \}  2S.  6t/.]  &c  &c. 

Engraving.  A  series  of  isolated  figures,  single  or  in  pairs,  arranged  in  two 
rows,  each  with  an  explanatory  couplet  relating  to  the  news  of  the  capture 
of  Seringapatam,  on  the  authority  of  a  letter  received  at  the  India  House 
on  15  May  from  Bristol  dated  'Vestal,  at  sea*,  [i]  A  grinning  man  stands 
full  face,  with  raised  shoulders,  inscribed, 

/  cannot  express  how  delighted  I  am. 

To  hear  we  have  taken  Seringapatam 

[2]  Thurlow,  tall  and  thin,  nearsightedly  reads  a  paper  with  a  grin : 
The  Chancellor  look'd  like  a  frolicksome  Ram 
To  hear  we  had  taken  Seringapatam. 

[3]  Dundas,  holding  a  cane,  runs  in  profile  to  the  r. ;  behind  him  is  a 
small  table  on  which  is  a  bottle,  &c. : 

Dundass  fled  from  bottle^  from  chicken  y  and  ham 
To  Windsor  to  tell  of  Seringapatam. 

[4]  Pitt  stands,  chapeau-bras,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  a  cake  in  one  hand,  a 
jam-pot  in  the  other: 

Will  Pitt  eat  a  cake  zvith  some  rasberry  jam 
When  told  we  had  taken  Seringapatam. 

[5]  A  grinning  man  writes  at  a  small  table,  a  man  stands  beside  him,  as 
if  dictating : 

The  Wise  India  House  wrote  a  letter  to  cram 
The  news  dozvn  our  throats  of  Seringapatam. 

[6]  The  Prince  of  Wales  (1.)  stands  beside  a  gigantic  man  in  Highland 
dress,  both  smile : 

The  Prince  gave  a  nod  to  his  Porter  big  Sam 
You  hear  we  have  taken  Seringapatam. 
(For  Big  Sam  see  No.  7905.) 

906 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

[7]  A  Stout  man  stands,  hands  on  hips,  with  a  gaping  mouth : 
We  are  happy  to  find  in  this  Victory  shanty 
Not  an  Englishman  fall  at  Seringapatam. 

[8]  (Second  row.)  A  stout  mihtary  officer  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  with 
an  indignant  expression,  r.  hand  extended : 

The  Vestal  it  seems  had  arrived  in  the  Cam, 
With  the  news  of  the  taking  Seringapatam. 

[9]  An  oriental  prince,  wearing  a  jewelled  turban,  staggers  backwards, 
dropping  his  sabre : 

The  mighty  Tipoo  from  a  battering  ram 
Got  shot  in  the  thigh  at  Seringapatam. 

[10]  A  grinning  soldier  with  a  large  knapsack,  holds  a  bundle  under  his 
r.  arm ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  basket  full  of  bags ;  he  points  towards  a  cannon 
which  is  behind  him : 

Pagodas y  and  cannon,  beef,  mutton,  afid  lamb. 
Were  found  in  the  streets  of  Seringapatam. 

[i  i]  An  officer  (1.)  wearing  a  gorget  and  holding  a  bottle,  and  a  private 
with  musket  and  knapsack  drinking  from  a  glass,  face  each  other  in  profile : 
Lord  Cornwallis  bestowed  on  each  Soldier  a  Dram, 
For  his  gallant  attack  on  Seringapatam. 

[12]  George  III  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  chapeau-bras,  gaping  upwards 
foolishly : 

Great  George  looked  as  sapient  as  old  Abraham 
When  he  heard  we  had  taken  Seringapatam. 

[13]  A  man  stands  holding  a  newspaper,  pointing  to  a  paragraph,  and 
looking  round  with  an  expression  of  horror ;  the  queue  of  his  hair  rises : 
The  Stocks  were  forced  up  five  per  cent  by  the  flam. 
Of  our  having  taken  Seringapatam. 

[14]  A  man  without  a  wig  stamps  and  clenches  his  fist,  turning  his  eyes 
upwards : 

Now  the  People  of  England  most  heartily  damn 
The  Wonderful  News  from  Seringapatam! 

A  letter  purporting  to  come  from  a  Lieutenant  Abercrombie  with  news 
of  the  fall  of  Seringapatam  after  a  decisive  action  by  Lord  Cornwallis  at 
Mandoo,  with  very  little  loss,  early  in  January,  was  accepted  as  authentic. 
India  Stock  rose  five  and  Consols  two  per  cent.  Dundas  announced  the 
news  to  the  King,  but  it  was  discredited  when  it  was  found  that  the  Vestal 
frigate  had  neither  arrived  nor  been  spoken  with.  Lond.  Chron.,  17  May. 
The  report  was  accepted  as  authentic  by  Grenville  (15  May).  Bucking- 
ham, Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  III,  ii.  207.  On  1 8  May  an  Extraordinary 
Gazette  was  issued  with  news  from  Cornwallis  of  the  reduction  of  hill- 
forts  (believed  to  be  impregnable).  The  siege  of  Seringapatam  began  in 
Feb.  1792 ;  on  25  Feb.  Tipu  surrendered  two  of  his  sons  as  hostages,  and 
the  war  was  concluded  by  negotiation  without  the  capture  of  Seringapatam, 
as  leading  to  a  more  satisfactory  settlement,  half  Tipu's  territory  being 
surrendered.  Camb.  Hist,  of  India,  v.  337.  See  also  Nos.  8093,  8094;  cf. 
No.  7928,  &c.,  and  the  'false  news'  of  No.  8059,  &c. 
i3|X2ofin. 

907 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8091  THE  FALSE  ALARM. 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  May  20,  iyg2  by  W.  Holland,  N""  50  Oxford  S^ 
Of  whom  may  he  had  the  Combustible  Breeches  &  the  Blow-up  at 
Breakfast 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8092.  George 
III  and  Queen  Charlotte,  much  caricatured,  in  a  homely  bedroom:  the 
King  stands  in  his  nightshirt,  wearing  slippers,  he  is  bald-headed  and  holds 
his  nightcap.  He  turns  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  towards  the  Queen, 
who  sits  in  profile  to  the  1.,  inspecting  a  pair  of  breeches.  He  says,  Dreamt y 
dreamt,  last  night  the  dogs  put  fire  and  brimstone  in  my  Breeches  Something 
dreadful  in  them  Fll  lay  my  life!  Do  you  see  any  thing  in  them,  Charley?  She 
answers.  Indeed  my  dear,  there  is  nothing  inflammable  in  them.  On  the  wall 
behind  her  (r.)  is  a  picture  oi  Lot's  Wife,  a  roughly  drawn  pillar  with  a  head. 
In  the  background  is  a  plain  curtained  bed,  and  on  the  1.  a  lighted  candle- 
end  in  a  candlestick,  where  it  is  poised  on  a  prong,  indicative  of  royal 
parsimony,  cf.  No.  8107. 

For  the  episode  of  the  burning  breeches  see  No.  8087,  &c. 

de  Vinck,  No.  4393. 
lojxis  in. 

8092  A  BLOW-UP  AT  BREAKFAST! 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  May  20,  iyg2  by  W.  Holland,  N"  50  Oxford  S* 

Engraving.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8091.  The  Queen  (1.)  watches  with 
dismay  the  King  shoot  into  the  air  from  the  armchair  at  her  side,  the  seat 
of  his  breeches  bursting  into  flames  and  smoke.  He  holds  up  his  arms, 
dropping  a  cup  and  saucer,  and  saying.  Lord  have  mercy  upon  me!  G — d 
d — n  the  dogs  I  knew  they'd  blow  me  up  at  last!  On  the  extreme  r.  is  part 
of  a  small  circular  table  on  which  are  a  dish  of  muffins  and  an  urn. 

For  alarms  of  incendiarism  connected  with  burning  breeches  see  No. 
8087,  &c. 
i6ixio|in.  (pi.). 

8093  FLYING  NEWS;  OR,  SERINGAPATAM  TAKEN  BY  STRA- 
TAGEM! 

[Dent.] 

Pub  by  W  Dent  May  21,  iyg2. 

Engraving.  Dundas  runs  full  speed  (1.  to  r.)  along  a  garden  path,  carrying 
on  his  head  a  large  castellated  fortress,  Seringapatam,  bristling  with  guns, 
along  the  top  of  which  the  dead  body  of  Tippo  lies  prone,  with  two  swords 
and  a  bayonet  piercing  his  breast.  The  fortress  is  enclosed  within  a  bubble, 
formed  by  a  blast  inscribed  Stock  Exchange  which  issues  from  a  mouth  on 
the  extreme  1.  Dundas  has  entered  from  an  open  gate  in  a  wall  (1.),  on  the 
further  side  of  which  is  a  building  inscribed  Kew.  In  his  haste  he  has  over- 
thrown a  beef-eater  who  lies  on  the  path,  saying.  Why  you  drive  all  before 
you,  from  one  extreme  to  another — the  last  express  you  brought  in  a  Broad 

908 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

Wheeled  Waggon.  A  bearded  Jew  looks  over  the  wall,  saying,  By  Cot  a 
mighty s  as  well  as  make  monies  dis  Humbug  was  a  very  coot  joke  to  see  a  wise 
man  run  away  with  a  Shadow.  Dundas  runs  towards  a  mound  (r.)  on  which 
stand  the  King  and  Queen,  small  figures  inspecting  'Seringapatam'  through 
telescopes.  The  King  says.  What!  What  is  this  coming  in  such  a  great 
Hurry ;  the  Queen  answers,  A  strong  Easterly  Wind  I  think.  Dundas  says. 
Great  News!  Muckle  News!  ay  my  bonny  Ones  an  ye  ken  I  ^ave  got  Tippo 
and  his  Capital^  by  my  troths  it's  as  true  as  the  Vestal!  Round  the  King  and 
Queen  are  large  thistles,  indicative  of  Scottish  influence;  these  grow  also 
in  the  foreground  (1.)  beside  a  wilting  rose.  After  the  title  is  etched: 
This  Stockjobbing  Humbug  succeeded  so  wonderfully  in  obtaining  a  general 
Credit y  as  to  induce  a  certain  Secretary  to  run  with  the  greatest  expedition  to 
KeWy  and  to  deliver ^  with  the  utmost  Conjidence^  the  Ideal  ifitelligence  he  had 
grasped  so  greedily,  but!  alas!  to  his  confusion,  the  extended  Bubble  soon  burst 
into  nothing,  and  he  found  precipitancy  had  placed  him  in  a  situation  truly 
laughable  and  ridiculous! 

It  was  reported  in  the  newspapers  that  Dundas  delivered  the  false  news 
of  the  taking  of  Seringapatam  to  the  King  and  Queen  in  the  garden  at  Kew. 
See  No.  8090,  &c. 
9Xi3iin. 

8094  SCOTCH-HARRY'S  NEWS ;— OR— NINCUMPOOP  IN  HIGH 
GLEE.    Vide.  News  from  India — 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  23^  iyg2  by  J.  Aitken  Castle  Street  Leicester  Fields — 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  heads  and  shoulders  of  the  King 
and  Queen  (1.)  and  of  Dundas  (r.)  face  each  other;  Dundas  holds  a  letter 
with  a  broken  seal  postmarked  Bristol',  he  leans  forward  with  a  satisfied 
and  cunning  smile,  saying,  Seringapatam  is  taken!  Tippo  is  wounded!  & 
Millions  of  Pagodas  secured.  He  wears  a  plaid  across  his  shoulders  and  a 
legal  wig.  The  King  and  Queen,  much  caricatured,  have  expressions  of 
surprised  delight;  George  III,  who  wears  a  hunting-cap,  raises  his  hands, 
saying.  Tally  ho!  ho!  ho!  ho!  Queen  Charlotte,  beside  and  behind  him, 
says,  O  the  dear,  sweet  Pagodas  [cf.  No.  7836]. 

For  the  false  news  of  the  fall  of  Seringapatam  see  No.  8090,  &c. 

Grego,   Gillray,  p.    145   (small  copy).    Wright  and  Evans,   No.  79. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
9|xi3iin.  (pL). 

8095  VICES  OVERLOOK'D  IN  THE  NEW  PROCLAMATION. 
[Gillray.] 

Pub^  May  24^  1792,  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18.  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  four  compartments  divided 
by  lines  intersecting  at  r.  angles,  [i]  Avarice.  The  King  and  Queen, 
T.Q.L.,  sit  facing  each  other  across  a  round  table,  hugging  large  money- 
bags. Those  of  the  King  are  inscribed  5  Millions,  those  of  the  Queen 
5  Millions',  facing  her  is  an  open  account  book :  Account  of  Money  at  interest 
in  Germany  [cf.  No.  7906].   See  No.  7836,  &c. 

[2]  Next  (r.)  is  Drunkenness.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  drunk  and  incapable, 

909 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

is  being  taken  home  by  two  watchmen.  Behind  (1.)  is  an  open  door  in 
which  stands  a  fat  bawd  watching  her  visitor  depart.  Above  it  are  the 
Prince's  feathers  and  motto,  and  Neat  Wines.  The  figures  are  T.Q.L. 

[3]  Below  (1.)  is  Gambling.  A  crowd  of  figures  surround  a  circular 
gaming-table,  half  of  which  fills  the  foreground.  The  Duke  of  York  raises 
a  dice-box,  next  him  is  a  military  officer  wearing  a  gorget.  On  the  other 
side  (1.)  sits  a  ruffianly-looking  fellow  wearing  a  slouch  hat  and  coachman's 
coat.   Behind  is  a  man  with  a  croupier's  rake.   (See  No.  7301  (5),  &c.) 

[4]  Next  (r.)  is  Debauchery.  The  Duke  of  Clarence  and  Mrs.  Jordan  sit 
together  on  a  settee,  embracing  each  other.  He  wears  a  naval  officer's  coat, 
with  a  star,  and  sailor's  trousers.  On  the  wall  is  the  print  of  a  chamber-pot 
inscribed  A  Jordan  (see  No.  8057,  &c.). 

Below  the  title  is  etched :  To  the  Commons  of  Great  Britain^  this  repre- 
sentation of  ViceSy  which  remain  unforbidden  by  Proclamation,  is  dedicated, 
as  proper  for  imitation,  and  in  place  of  the  more  dangerous  ones  of  Thinking, 
Speaking  &  Writing,  now  forbidden  by  Authority.^ 

A  satire  on  the  Royal  Proclamation  of  21  May  'for  the  preventing  of 
tumultuous  meetings  and  seditious  writings'  (text  in  Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii. 
192  ff.).  It  was  directed  chiefly  against  Paine 's  writings  and  was  attacked 
by  Grey  and  others  on  25  May  as  aimed  at  'the  Association',  i.e.  the  Friends 
of  the  People,  see  No.  8087,  &c.,  and  in  the  Lords  by  Lauderdale  and 
Lansdowne  but  approved  by  the  Prince  of  Wales  in  his  maiden  speech. 
Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  1476  ff.,  1514  ff.  In  general  'the  prevailing  opinion  ...  is, 
that  it  seems  to  admit  more  disposition  in  the  country  to  tumult  than  exists 
in  fact'.  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  to  Auckland,  Auckland  Corr.  ii.  408. 
Cf.  No.  8141. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  147.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  80. 
8|xi3iin. 


8096  THE  FALL  OF  THE  WOLSEY  OF  THE  WOOLSACK. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  24*^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Thurlow,  seated  on  the  Woolsack,  and 
George  III  who  stands  on  the  extreme  1.,  tug  at  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal, 
while  Pitt  and  Grenville  (r.)  attempt  to  dislodge  the  Chancellor.  The  King, 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  tugs  with  both  hands,  saying.  What!  What!  What! — 
pull  against  me  Neddy?  pull  against  me? — no!  no!  no! — 'twont  do!  Neddy! 
Hwont  do!  leave  go!  leave  go!  Neddy — dont  put  me  in  a  passion  Neddy — but 
leave  go  Neddy —  Thurlow,  holding  one  tassel,  says : 

Take  it  ingrate! — and  then  farewell, — O  damnation 
Vve  touched  the  highest  point  of  all  my  greatness — damnation 
And  from  that  full  meridian  of  my  glory — damnation 
I  haste  now  to  my  setting — /  shall  fall — damnation 
Like  a  bright  exhalation  in  the  evening — damnation 
And  no  man  see  me  more — Damnation!  O  damnation 
Pitt,  kneeling  on  one  knee,  tugs  with  both  hands  at  the  back  of  the  wool- 
sack, saying,  Yeo!  Yeo! — this  one  pull  more  Billy-Ranger,  and  we  shall 
secure  every  thing  into  our  own  Family,  and  then  leave  me  alone  to  take  a  pull 

*  A  final  word  (or  words)  has  been  erased. 
910 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

at  Old  Nobbs  [the  King],  &  John  Bull.  Grenville,  also  on  one  knee,  pulls 
with  both  hands  at  the  Chancellor's  wig ;  he  says,  Bravo!  Cousin  Billy! — 
pull  away! — now  again! — I  have  a  mighty  fancy  for  this  Wig!  I  think  it  would 
add  dignity  to  my  Ranger y  &  Secretaryship! 

For  the  dismissal  of  Thurlow  see  No.  8097,  &c.  For  Grenville 's  ranger- 
ship  and  zest  for  lucrative  office  cf.  No.  8061.  The  habitual  phraseology 
of  the  King  (see  No.  7515)  and  of  the  Chancellor  (see  No.  7320)  is  satirized. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  pp.  145-6.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  82.  Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 

9iXi3jin.(pl.). 


8097  POLITICAL  BOXING;  OR,  AN  ATTACK  AT  THE  WOOL- 
SACK. 

[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  May  iyg2  by  W,  Holland  50  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  pugiHstic  encounter  between  Pitt  and 
Thurlow,  who  is  seated  on  the  Woolsack.  Pitt,  stripped  to  the  waist,  stands 
defiantly  in  profile  to  the  r.,  saying,  Fll  soon  kick  you  from  your  stool  you  old 
hard  hearted^  brow  beating  monster.  Thurlow,  contemptuous  of  his  oppon- 
ent, sits  confidently  in  shirt  and  breeches,  arms  outstretched,  saying. 

Afraid  ofhim^  b 1  we,  a  dried  eel  skin!  an  ill  shaped  figure  of  one^  b 1 

me!  no,  no,  Fvegot  some  bottom  but  he's  got  none  [cf .  No.  8070] .  Pitt's  backer 
is  the  King,  who  stoops  forward,  hands  on  knees,  saying.  Ward  off  that 
blowy  Billy y  never  mind  his  looks,  at  him  again.  Behind  the  Chancellor  is  the 
Queen,  holding  the  mace  and  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal ;  she  says.  He  never 
gave  a  good  stroke  in  his  life,  dont  be  afraid  of  him.  Behind  her,  and  on  the 
extreme  r.,  appears  the  head  and  shoulders  of  the  Devil,  saying,  My  Pupil 
will  beat  for  a  Million.  Behind  the  King  and  on  the  extreme  1.  is  Dundas, 
holding  his  nose,  and  saying,  /  have  not  smelt  such  a  stink  since  I  left  Edin- 
burgh! Somebody  has  dropped  a  daisy  Fm  sure. 

Thurlow  had  shown  his  spleen  against  Pitt  by  opposing  his  measures  in 
the  Lords.  In  April  1792  he  opposed  the  abolition  of  the  Slave  Trade, 
on  15  May  he  spoke  with  contempt  of  Pitt's  proposal  that  to  every  new 
public  loan  a  sinking  fund  should  be  attached.  On  16  May  Pitt  wrote  to 
the  King  asking  him  to  choose  between  himself  and  the  Chancellor,  writing 
to  Thurlow  to  inform  him  of  his  letter.  The  King,  on  whose  favour 
Thurlow  had  relied,  wrote  to  Dundas  directing  him  to  inform  Thurlow 
that  he  must  surrender  the  Great  Seal,  his  resignation  being  deferred  to 
the  end  of  the  session  (15  June),  when  the  Great  Seal  was  put  in  Com- 
mission. Stanhope,  Life  of  Pitt,  i.  43  5-7, 493 .  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War, 
pp.  33-5.  Common  opinion  would  have  reversed  the  positions  in  the  print 
of  the  King  and  Queen,  cf.  No.  8104. 

See  Grenville 's  letter  of  15  May:  he  thinks  the  consequences  (of  Thur- 
low's  opposition  to  the  National  Debt  Bill)  *must  be  decisive,  but  it 
requires  some  reflection,  and  some  management  in  the  quarter  that  you 
know'  [the  King].  Buckingham,  Courts  and  Cabinets  of  George  HI,  ii.  207; 
see  also  pp.  208-9.  See  also  Nos.  8096,  8098,  8104,  8105,  8111,  and  cf. 
Nos.  7937,  8010. 

lojxisiin. 

911 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8098  RESIGNATION  THE  GREATEST  OF  ALL  VIRTUES. 
[?I  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  May  26  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Thurlow,  stripped  to  the  waist,  kicks  the 
bag  of  the  Great  Seal,  and  tramples  on  his  Chancellor's  gown ;  the  mace 
and  his  hat  lie  on  the  floor  beside  him.  He  clenches  his  fists  and  scowls, 
looking  to  the  1.,  and  saying,  Had  I  serv'^  my  God  with  half  a  Quarter  the 

Zeal.  &c  &c.  Dam n.  His  Chancellor's  wig  is  blazing  in  the  fireplace 

(1.).  Behind  him  (r.)  is  a  table  with  writing  materials,  and  a  large  docu- 
ment :  A  Catalogue  of  Oaths  Sworn  on  the  Occasion.  Above  it  is  a  framed 
bust  portrait  of  Wolsey :  a  man  wearing  bands  and  a  cape,  looking  over  his 
r.  shoulder. 

For  Thurlow's  dismissal  see  No.  8097,  &c.  For  his  habitual  strong 
language  cf.  No.  7320.  And  cf.  Thurlow's  profession  of  attachment  to  the 
King  in  No.  7520,  where,  as  in  this  print  and  No.  8096,  he  is  compared 
with  Wolsey. 

8iixi3i|in. 

8099  THE  COALITION  IN  THE  BILBOES  OR  THE  SUFFERINGS 
OF  THE  BLUE  &  BUFF,  FOR  GOING  OUT  OF  THEIR  PROPER 
TRACK.  [May  1792] 

New  Plain  Dealer ^  Numb  2,  P  gg. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  PI.  from  the  New  Plain  Dealer.  North, 
Fox,  and  Burke  (not  caricatured)  stand  shackled  together,  their  necks  and 
wrists  fastened  to  two  horizontal  iron  rods.  Their  ankles  are  also  shackled. 
A  hand  points  at  them  from  the  1.,  with  the  inscription  They  must  all  risCy 

or  fall  together.   North  (1.)  says.  This  d d  Yoke  galls  me  more  than  the 

13  Stripes.  (An  allusion  to  the  loss  of  the  American  colonies,  cf .  No.  6202.) 
Fox  (c.)  says.  These  are  Weighty  Arguments  I  wish  I  had  stood  alone.  Burke 
(r.)  says.  We  are  bound  together  by  the  strongest  Ties;  he  holds  a  document: 
Revolution . . .  France  (see  No.  7675,  &c.).  Beneath  them  is  engraved : "  *Tis 
very  hard  to  be  sure — but  Justice  demands  if\ 

On  the  1.,  within  an  oval  inscribed  Fig  2.  p.  201  and  The  Dane-Geldy  the 
Devil  stands  upon  coins  and  money-bags,  holding  up  towards  the  three 
men  a  bag  inscribed  1000  .  .  . ;  in  his  r.  hand  is  a  paper  inscribed  Million. 
He  is  naked  with  webbed  wings,  horns,  and  tail. 

The  New  Plain  Dealer  (B.M.L.,  P.P.  3557  rh.)  was  a  pamphlet  appearing 
*in  Numbers,  occasionally,  from  3d  to  2s  6d  each'.  The  text  explains  that 
an  English  naval  officer  [McDonald,  see  No.  7672]  had  been  laid  in  the 
bilboes  for  the  offence  of  'leaving  his  proper  track  and  sailing  in  the  wake 
of  a  Spanish  commodore' ;  similarly,  the  three  men  depicted,  by  forming 
the  Coalition,  quitted  their  proper  track  and  became  useless  to  the  country. 
A  violent  attack  on  Pitt  follows.  The  Devil  with  the  money-bags  repre- 
sents money  'fleeced  from  the  people  in  the  way  of  Taxes'.  North  (now 
Lord  Guilford)  had  given  up  politics,  he  spoke  for  the  last  time  in  the  Lords 
on  I  Apr.  179 1  against  Pitt's  Russian  policy.  For  Burke's  estrangement 
from  his  party  see  No.  7865,  &c.  Significant  of  the  eflfect  of  the  CoaHtion, 
see  No.  6176,  &c.,  on  public  opinion. 

5fx8|in. 

919 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8100  BAD  NEWS  OR  AN  ACOUNT  OF  THE  BATTLE  OF 
TOURNAY  AND  MONS  JUST  ARRIV'D  AMONG  THE  DEMO- 
CRATS AT  PARIS 

F,S 

Pu¥  June  i  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  iV^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  Frenchmen  stand  in  consultation, 
with  gloomy  expressions;  one  (1.)  stands  full  face,  his  hands  thrust  in  his 
breeches'  pockets.  He  wears  a  sword.  The  other  (r.)  bends  towards  him 
in  profile  to  the  1.,  saying,  Quel  diable  d*histoire.  He  has  a  long  pigtail 
queue.  They  are  scarcely  caricatured,  and  their  dress  is  neither  foppish 
nor  democratically  slovenly. 

For  the  panic  at  Tournay  see  Nos.  8085,  8086. 
iofx8iin.  (pi.). 

8101  A  DIALOGUE  IN  THE  SHADES,  BETWEEN  LEOPOLD  II 
LATE  EMPEROR  OF  GERMANY,  AND  GUSTAVUS  III  LATE 
KING  OF  SWEDEN. 

i 

Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

Published  by  W  &  J,  Stratford,  N^  112  Holborn  Hill,  June  i;  1792. 

Engraving.  Carlton  House  Magazine,  i.  547,^  illustration  to  a  dialogue, 
pp.  267-9.  Leopold  (d.  i  March  1792)  stands  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.  address- 
ing Gustavus  III  (d.  29  March  1792),  who  wears  military  dress,  holding  a 
commander's  staff.  There  is  a  pleasant  landscape  background  with  trees 
and  water. 

Leopold  reproaches  Gustavus  for  his  coup  d^etat  of  Aug.  1772,  a  breach 
of  his  coronation  oath  to  maintain  the  constitution.  Gustavus  excuses 
himself  lamely:  'Consider  the  temptation — absolute  sovereignty.'  For  the 
deaths  of  Leopold  and  Gustavus  see  Nos.  8068,  8080.  For  the  coup  d'etat 
which  converted  a  weak  and  despotic  republic,  at  the  mercy  of  Russia, 
into  a  strong  and  (for  some  years)  limited  monarchy,  see  Camb,  Mod. 
Hist.,  vi.  768  ff.,  and  cf.  No.  6485. 
5iX3|in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

8101  A  A  copy,  reversed,  with  the  same  title  but  without  imprint,  is  the 
frontispiece  to  the  Hibernian  Magazine  for  June  1792,  where  the  dialogue 
is  reprinted  (pp.  481-3). 

5^6X31  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

8102  A  BUGABOO!!! 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  June  2  iyg2  by  W.  Holland,  N°  50  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving.  George  III,  grotesquely  caricatured,  strides  forward  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  holding  Pitt  on  his  shoulders,  grasping  his  thin  leg  in  a  huge  hand. 
He  has  an  enormous  head  with  a  goggling  eye  and  huge  mouth  wide  open, 
from  which  issues  fire  and  smoke  inscribed :  Guards!  Encampments!  Procla- 
mation! Spies!  Spa  Fields  Bastile!  Bristol  Bastile!  Birmingham  Bastile! 
^  Apparently  misplaced  by  the  binder. 

913  3N 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

Manchester  Bastile!  Informers!  Confinement  Dungeons!  Racks!  Tortures! 
No  Lenity!  No  Mercy!  No  Bribery!  Not  even  Petticoat  influence  shall 
prevail!!!  Pitt  is  on  a  much  smaller  scale,  but  bestrides  the  King  with 
drawn  sabre  and  arrogantly  tilted  profile ;  his  is  evidently  the  dominant 
influence. 

For  the  Proclamation  of  21  May  against  tumultuous  meetings  and  sedi- 
tious writings  see  No.  8095 ;  it  was  followed  by  loyal  addresses.  A  network 
of  societies  and  affiliated  clubs  rapidly  spread  in  London  and  the  manu- 
facturing towns ;  they  circulated  cheap  editions  of  Paine 's  Rights  of  Man^ 
&c.  See  Ann.  Reg.y  1792,  ii.  i52*-3*.  Riots  broke  out  in  several  places 
owing  to  the  dearness  of  provisions,  and  in  Manchester  and  Sheffield 
disaffection  gained  ground  among  the  troops  sent  to  keep  order.  Rose,  Pitt 
and  the  Great  War,  p.  62.  Cf.  No.  81 15,  &c. 
iSfXiyf  in. 


8103  WHA  WANTS  ME? 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  June  2^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Dundas  in  Highland  dress,  wearing  a 
Scots  cap  over  a  legal  wig,  crouches  with  his  head  turned  in  profile  to  the  r. 
With  his  voluminous  tartan  plaid  he  covers  Pitt,  who  sits  close  against 
him  in  profile  to  the  1.  on  the  pan  of  a  close-stool  inscribed  Extracts  from  the 
Treasury,  his  profile,  feet,  and  ankles  alone  being  visible. 

An  illustration  of  an  ironical  speech  by  Courtenay  on  25  May  in  the 
debate  on  the  Proclamation  against  Seditious  Writings.  He  ridiculed 
Dundas  for  his  'accommodating  disposition*  towards  Pitt,  comparing  him 
with  *an  officer  who  paraded  the  streets  of  Edinburgh  at  night  with  a  large 
cloak,  vociferating  at  the  corner  of  every  alley,  "Wha  wants  me*'.*  Pari, 
Hist.  xxix.  1493.  A  ballad,  *Wha  wants  me*,  founded  on  this  speech,  was 
sung  for  months  in  the  streets  of  Edinburgh,  beginning : 

John  Bull  he  is  a  canker*d  carle;  he'll  nae  twin  wi'  his  gear; 

And  Sawney  now  is  ten  times  waur,  gin  a*  be  true  I  hear; 

But  let  them  say,  or  let  them  do,  it's  a  ane  to  me; 

I'll  never  lay  aside  my  cloak — my  wha  wants  me? 
O  wha  wants  me,  sirs  ?  Wha  wants  me  ? 
I'll  take  my  stand  near  Downing  Street,  with  aye — ^Wha  wants  me  ? 

Kay,  i.  376.  The  design  was  imitated  by  Kay,  see  No.  81 18.  Cf.  also 
No.  8146. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
9jX7f  in. 

8104  THE  PROGRESS  OF  PASSION 
JN  [Nixon]  iyg2  Etched  by  Cruikshanks 

London  Pub:  June  4  iyg2  by  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  sequence  of  scenes  arranged  in  two  rows,  depicting  the 
consequences  of  Thurlow*s  rage  at  his  dismissal.  The  words  spoken  are 
etched  under  the  appropriate  figure,  [i]  George  III  (1.)  seated  at  a  table, 

914 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

points  angrily  at  Thurlow  (r.),  who  hurries  off,  scowling,  his  hand  held 
before  his  mouth,  his  back  to  the  King.  On  the  table  by  the  King  is  a 
paper  inscribed  A  further  suply  to  George  and  Frederick,  evidently  put 
before  him  by  the  Chancellor.  He  says : 

Do  you  dare  to  Hint  your  K—g  can  do  amiss 

Out  of  my  Sight,  what.  what.  what. — whats  all  this 

A  dog  under  the  table  barks  at  the  retreating  Chancellor.  For  the 
Princes'  debts  see  No.  7850. 

[2]  Thurlow  rises  from  a  round  dinner-table  stamping  with  rage,  holding 
up  his  wig  as  if  to  fling  it  to  the  ground.  The  table-cloth  is  tucked  under 
his  chin  so  that  as  he  rises  plate,  wine,  crockery,  &c.,  crash  to  the  floor. 
A  foppish  French  manservant  carries  off  a  leg  of  mutton  with  an  amused 
smile.  A  lady  (1.),  probably  Thurlow's  daughter,  walks  from  the  table  in 
alarm.  Thurlow  says : 

May  the  Curs'd  Cook  be  Trebly  D—m'd 

Zounds  she  dont  think  I  will  be  cram^d 

With  Mutton  stinking  &  Quite  raw, 

Wou'd  the  hot  Coals  were  in  her  Maw. 

[3]  Thurlow's  daughter  (1.)  speaks  over  her  shoulder  to  a  young  maid- 
servant who  stands  full  face,  her  eyes  cast  down : 
so  Madam  here  is  Dainty  Work, 
Your  Master's  swearing  like  a  Turk, 
if  his  Meals  Spoild  another  day 
you  &  the  Cook  shall  both  away 

[4]  The  maidservant  (1.),  her  hands  on  her  hips,  bends  angrily  towards 
a  fat  and  elderly  cook  who  stamps  and  snaps  her  fingers  defiantly;  she 
says: 

By  Goles  my  Mistress  now  shall  know, 

what  scenes  are  going  on  Below 

look  not  at  me  with  so  much  scorn 

your  Drunk  ye  Beast  from  Night  to  morn 

My  Master  too's  in  such  a  Fury 

he  swears  he'll  hang  you  without  jury. 

The  cook  answers : 

A  Fig  for  all  your  Trumping^  Airs 

Save  your  Sweet  Breath  to  say  your  Prayers 

Old  Grumbles  Blustering  &  Noise 

May  Frighten  little  Girls  and  Boys 

but  tell  him  what  he  takes  amiss 

I  do  not  Value — no  not  this. 

[5]  The  cook  (1.),  a  frenzied  virago,  attacks  the  terrified  French  man- 
servant, shaking  him.   She  screams : 

Curse  on  your  Frenchified  Grimaces 
By  you  Poor  Sarvants  loose  their  Places 
Ye  sneaking  Hound— for  telling  Tales 
ril  tear  your  Eyes  out  with  my  Nails 

'  Altered  in  MS.  to  Trumpery  by  Nixon  (who  has  inscribed  the  impression 
•to Bedford  Esqr'). 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL   AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

[6]  The  manservant  standing  in  profile  to  the  r.,  his  fists  clenched,  kicks 
a  sturdy  butcher  who  carries  his  tray  under  his  arm.  He  says : 
eh  mon  Ami^  you  bring  de  Meaty 
dat  smell  so  vile^  de  Doge  wont  Eat 

Allez  vous  en — Vous  d d  Jack  Bull 

By  gar  me  Crack  your  von  Tick  Scull 

The  butcher's  dog  (r.)  runs  off  with  its  tail  between  its  legs,  but  turns 
its  head  to  snarl  at  the  Frenchman. 

[7]  The  butcher  holds  up  his  dog  by  the  scruff  of  its  neck,  his  r.  fist 
raised  to  strike,  saying: 

That  Devilish  thing  they  call  the  Law 
Keeps  us  Poor  Butchers  all  in  awe 
Or  Else  Monsieur  should  Quickly  know 
Fdpay  him  tenfold  for  his  Blow. 
But  as  I  can't  Retaliate 
ril  vent  on  thee  cursed  Hound  my  Hate 

[8]  The  dog  bites  a  snarling  cat ;  beneath  is  the  inscription : 
Chouder  now  from  the  Butcher  free 
Attacks  Grimalkin  furiously 
Glutts  all  his  anger  on  the  Cat 
Who  in  return  falls  on  a  Rat 

[9]  On  the  extreme  r.  the  cat  sits  looking  at  a  dead  rat,  inscribed : 
and  by  Depriving  it  of  life 
Ends  this  long  Chain  of  noise  &  Strife. 

For  Thurlow's  fall  see  No.  8097,  &c.  He  was  actually  treated  with  con- 
sideration by  the  King,  who  had  been  forced  to  choose  between  Pitt  and 
the  Chancellor.  But,  according  to  NichoU,  Thurlow  was  severely  mortified 
at  an  unexpected  blow,  saying,  *No  man  has  a  right  to  treat  another  in  the 
way  in  which  the  King  has  treated  me :  we  cannot  meet  again  in  the  same 
room\  Recollections  and  Reflections y  1820,  i.  348. 
i2igX3oiin.  , 

8105  SIN,  DEATH,  AND  THE  DEVIL,  vide  Milton 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  June  9^*  iyg2.  by  H:  Humphrey  AT^  18.  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  the  struggle  between  Pitt 
and  Thurlow  travestied  as  a  scene  from  Paradise  Lost.  Pitt  (1.)  is  Death, 
wearing  the  king's  crown  and  using  a  long  sceptre  as  a  weapon.  Thurlow 
(r.)  is  Satan ;  he  raises  the  (breaking)  mace  to  smite,  and  holds  out  an  oval 
shield  decorated  with  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal  and  a  tiny  woolsack.  The 
Queen,  as  Sin,  naked,  with  snaky  locks,  and  two  writhing  serpents  for  legs, 
interposes  with  outstretched  arms,  looking  with  terrified  face  at  Thurlow 
in  her  desire  to  protect  Pitt.  She  is  a  hideous  hag  with  pendent  breasts; 
from  her  snaky  hair  hangs  a  large  key  inscribed  The  Instrument  of  all  our 
WoCy  and  evidently  symbolizing  Secret  Influence,  cf.  No.  6564,  &c.  Pitt's 
naked  body  is  emaciated  and  corpse-like ;  from  his  shoulders  hangs  a  long 
ermine-trimmed  cloak;  his  sceptre  radiates  darts  of  lightning.    His  face 

916 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

expresses  alarm  and  determination.  Behind  him,  and  guarding  the  gate  of 
Hell  which  is  indicated  by  a  stone  arch,  is  Cerberus,  with  the  profile  heads 
of  Dundas,  Grenville,  and  Richmond,  looking  up  at  Thurlow ;  their  body 
terminates  in  a  large  serpent  with  a  barbed  tail.  Thurlow  has  wings,  and 
is  naked  except  for  a  quasi-Roman  kilt.  He  wears  his  Chancellor's  wig, 
his  profile  and  eyebrow  are  of  a  terrifying  fierceness ;  serpents  twine  round 
his  shield,  and  spit  fire  at  Pitt  and  the  Queen ;  a  serpent  entwined  in  Pitt's 
crown,  and  others  in  the  Queen's  snaky  locks,  retaliate.  On  the  r.  are  the 
flames  of  Hell  in  which  demons  are  flying;  smoke  fills  the  background. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched:  AB;  The  above  performance  containing 
Portraits  of  the  Devil  &  his  Relatives y  drawn  from  the  Life,  is  recommended 
to  Mess^^  Boy  dell,  Fuzelli  &  the  rest  of  the  Proprietors  of  the  Three  Hundred 
&  Sixty  Five  Editions  of  Milton  now  publishing,  as  necessary  to  be  adopted^ 
in  their  classick  Embellishments.  Above  and  below  the  design  are  etched  lines 
from  Paradise  Lost  beginning : 

black  it  stood  as  night. 

Fierce  as  ten  Furies,  terrible  as  hell. 

And  shook  a  dreadfull  dart:  what  seemd  his  head 

The  likeness  of  a  Kingly  crown  had  on; 
and  ending : 

^^Had  not  the  Snaky- Sorceress  that  sat, 

"Fast  by  hell-gate,  and  kept  the  fatal  Key, 

"Ris^n,  and  with  hideous  outcry  rushd  between. 

For  the  dismissal  of  Thurlow  see  No.  8097,  &c.  The  old  allegations 
against  Pitt  of  usurping  the  royal  authority  and  using  the  influence  of  the 
Queen,  which  had  been  current  during  the  Regency  crisis  (cf.  No.  7383, 
&c.),  are  revived.  For  the  (Carlton  House)  tenet  of  a  separate  political 
interest  between  the  King  and  Queen  see  Malmesbury  Corr.  ii.  459,  460 
(June  1792);  Political  Memoranda  of  the  Duke  of  Leeds,  ed.  O.  Browning, 
p.  177  (July  1792).  For  Thurlow's  position  cf.  also  Chauvelin's  (i.e.  Talley- 
rand's) dispatch  of  23  May.  Pallain,  Mission  de  Talleyrand  a  Londres,  1888, 
pp.  293  ff.  For  Gillray's  attitude  to  the  'high  art'  of  Fuseli  and  other 
artists  represented  in  Boydell's  Shakespeare  Gallery  see  No.  7584,  &c. 
It  seems  probable  that  the  incentive  to  this  print  was  primarily  exaspera- 
tion at  Johnson's  scheme  (1790)  for  an  edition  of  Milton  similar  to  Boydell's 
Shakespeare,  for  which  Fuseli  was  to  paint  a  series  of  pictures ;  one  of  these 
was  'Satan,  Sin  and  Death'.  The  print,  with  its  outrageous  representation 
of  the  Queen,  is  said  to  have  given  great  offence  at  Court.  For  the  quotation 
cf.  No.  7863. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  146-7  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  86*. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
iifXisfin. 

8106  THE  WINDSOR  MILKMAN;  OR,  ANY  THING  TO  TURN  A 

PENNY. 

[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W  Holland  N""  30  Oxford  St  June  12^^  iyg2 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  III,  much  caricatured,  trots 
along,  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.,  shouting  with  wide-open  mouth.  Milk, 
ho!  Milk,  ho!  Milk,  ho!  Come,  my  Pretty  Maids,  tumble  out,  tumble  out, 

917 


CATALOGUE   OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

tumble  outf  above  and  below ^  above  and  below.  A  yoke  across  his  shoulders 
supports  two  milk-pails  which  he  steadies  with  his  hands. 

For  the  (supposedly  parsimonious)  farming  activities  of  the  King,  see 
No.  6918,  &c. 

de  Vinck,  No.  4395. 
i3iX9|in. 

8107  A  CONNOISSEUR  EXAMINING  A  COOPER. 
J^  Gy  del  et  fecit y  ad  vivam. 

Pu¥June  18^^  iyg2.  by  H.  Humphrey  N*"  18,  Old  Bond  Street 

Stipple  (coloured  impression).  George  III  (T.Q.L.)  stands  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  nearsightedly  examining  an  oval  miniature  of  Oliver  Cromwell  by 
the  light  of  a  candle  held  in  his  1.  hand.  The  H.L.,  looking  to  the  r.,  in 
armour,  probably  derives  from  the  pi.  after  Cooper  in  Mechell's  ed.  of 
Rapin's  History y  1733.  The  candlestick  is  of  massive  plate  holding  a 
candle-end  supported  on  a  save-all  (cf.  No.  8091).  The  King  is  only 
slightly  caricatured,  but  his  receding  forehead  and  chin  and  open  mouth 
are  exaggerated. 

The  print  is  said  (by  Angelo)  to  have  been  Gillray*s  retaliation  for  the 
contempt  with  which  the  King  treated  the  sketches  brought  back  from  his 
foreign  tour  with  Loutherbourg.  This  tour,  however,  was  in  1793,  and  it 
should  be  remembered  that  Cromwell,  not  yet  rehabilitated,  was  still  a 
villain,  cf.  No.  6006,  &c.  For  the  combined  magnificence  and  parsimony 
cf.  No.  81 17. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  148.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  84.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.y 
1830.  Reproduced,  Angelo,  Reminiscences y  1904,  i.  297  (coloured);  Fuchs, 
p.  254. 
iiJxSJin. 

8108  MONSIEUR  FRANCOIS  INTRODUCES  MASTER  PR*»»TLY 
TO  THE  NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY 

J5/ [Bayers.] 

Publ^  by  The  Cornell  18"^  June  1792 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  hall  intended  for  the  French  National 
Assembly.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  large  tub  raised  from  the  ground  serves  as 
tribune,  its  r.  half  only  being  visible ;  from  this  leans  a  grotesquely  carica- 
tured and  foppish  Frenchman,  blowing  a  trumpet  with  a  force  which  dis- 
tends his  cheeks.  In  his  r.  hand  are  leading-strings  supporting  a  lean  youth 
who  stands  on  the  floor  leaning  forward,  a  firebrand  in  his  1.  hand,  an 
electrical  rod  in  his  r.  From  the  trumpet  of  Fran9ois  (de  Neufchateau) 
issue  the  words  Void  un  beau  Gar f  on  lefils  de  D^  Pr***tly  grand  Democrat 
&c.  Young  Priestley  addresses  the  members  who  are  seated  on  the 
extreme  r.  under  a  gallery,  travestied  as  men  with  the  heads  of  animals 
(an  ass,  two  frogs,  an  owl,  a  boar) ;  he  says.  Papa  sends  me  to  you  for 
Improvement  I  zvill  bear  true  Allegiance  &c.  They  put  their  fingers  to 
his  electrical  rod,  which  emits  sparks.  This  rod  is  connected  by  a  chain 
with  a  large  jar  inscribed  Phlogiston  from  Hackney  College.  Above  the 
members  the  comer  of  a  gallery  appears  from  which  three  grinning  fish- 
wives look  down.  In  the  back  wall  is  a  large  Gothic  window. 

918 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

William  Priestley,  Dr.  Priestley's  third  son,  was  introduced  at  the  bar 
of  the  National  Assembly  on  8  June,  where  he  applied  for  French  nation- 
ality, proposing  to  reside  in  France;  he  made  an  address  in  which  he 
quoted  his  father:  *"go  and  live  among  this  brave  and  hospitable  people; 
learn  from  them  to  detest  tyranny,  and  to  love  liberty".  .  .  he  desires  to 
enjoy  the  rights  of  a  French  citizen,  a  title  which  he  prefers  an  hundred 
times  to  that  of  the  King  of  an  arbitrary  State  .  .  .'.  London  Chronicle^ 
14  June.  Dr.  Priestley,  after  the  Birmingham  riots,  see  No.  7894,  &c., 
moved  to  Hackney,  giving  lectures  at  Hackney  College.  For  his  Phlogiston 
see  No.  7887.  William  Priestley  emigrated  with  two  elder  brothers  to 
America  in  August  1793. 
io|X7|in. 

8109  A  REPRESENTATION  OF  THE  HORRID  BARBARITIES 
PRACTISED  UPON  THE  NUNS  BY  THE  FISH-WOMEN,  ON 
BREAKING  INTO  THE  NUNNERIES  IN  FRANCE— 

[GiUray.] 

Pu¥  June  21^  1792  hy  J,  Aitken  Castle  Street  Leicester  Square 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  convent  church.  Fish- 
wives with  birch-rods  are  scourging  nuns,  some  of  whom  are  supported 
on  the  backs  of  other  fish-wives  in  the  manner  of  schoolboys.  Their  bare 
posteriors,  slim  legs  with  clocked  stockings,  and  elegant  slippers,  give  the 
nuns  a  meretricious  appearance.  The  fish-wives  are  fierce,  ragged  crea- 
tures ;  some  wear  crosses  suspended  from  their  necks.  Behind  (r.)  are  the 
high  iron  gates  which  shut  off  the  part  of  the  church  reserved  to  the  nuns 
from  the  rest  of  the  building.  On  the  wall  (1.)  is  a  picture  of  the  scourging 
of  Christ.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched:  N:B:  This  Print  is  dedicated  to  the 
Fair- Sex  of  Great-Britain^  &  intented  to  point  out  the  very  dangerous  effects 
which  may  arise  to  Themselves^  if  they  do  not  exert  that  influence  to  hinder  the 
^'Majesty  of  the  PeopW^  from  getting  possession  of  the  Executive  Power. 

Nuns  and  devotes  were  whipped  in  Paris  during  Passion  week  1791  by 
market  women,  see  a  print:  La  discipline patriotique  ou  lefanatisme  corrigi 
in  Revolutions  de  France  et  de  Brabant^  reproduced  Grand-Carteret,  VHis- 
toircj  la  Vie,  les  Mosurs  .  .  .,  iv,  1928,  p.  293.  Burke  said  (during  the 
quarrel  with  Fox  on  6  May  1791,  see  No.  7854,  &c.):  'The  treatment  of 
the  Nuns  was  too  shocking  almost  to  be  mentioned.  These  wretched 
girls  .  .  .  had  been  dragged  into  the  streets;  these  had  been  scourged  by 
the  sovereigns  of  the  French  nation,  because  the  priest,  from  whom  they 
had  received  the  sacrament,  had  not  submitted  to  the  test.*  Pari.  Hist. 
xxbc.  397. 

The  design  has  been  altered  in  pen  and  water-colour;  details  have  been 
cut  out  and  small  patches  of  paper  have  been  added. 
ioJXi6i  in. 

8110  THE  GRAND  REVIEW  ON  SYDENHAM  COMMON 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  June  28  iyg2  hy  S  W  Fores  iV"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  King,  sword  in 
hand  and  wearing  regimentals,  leads  a  party  of  officers  in  pursuit  of  three 

919 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

fleeing  officers  (r.) :  Fox  holding  a  musket  is  in  the  centre,  with  the  Prince 
of  Wales,  holding  a  sabre  on  his  r.,  and  ( ?)  Charles  Grey  (or  perhaps,  from 
the  length  of  his  nose.  Lord  Stanhope)  on  his  1.  Sheridan  has  fallen  and 
lies  on  his  back,  his  sabre  beside  him.  Between  the  pursuers  and  the  pur- 
sued is  a  rough  bank  with  bushes.  Immediately  behind  the  King  is  Pitt 
firing  at  the  fugitives.  Two  young  officers  behind  him  are  smiling.  On 
the  extreme  1.  is  Burke,  rigid  and  austere,  shouldering  his  musket.  The 
Foxites  wear  the  plumed  helmets  of  yeomanry  or  light  dragoons  (their  first 
appearance  in  these  prints) ;  the  King  and  his  party  wear  cocked  hats  of  the 
Ramillies  type.  In  the  distance  are  platoons  of  firing  men,  cannon  and 
(r.)  a  line  of  mounted  men.  Clouds  of  smoke  extend  across  the  sky. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  The  Prince  and  his  party  wei'e  drove  to  the  summit 
of  a  hill  where  they  made  a  stand  for  nearly  an  hour  &  a  half  but  where  at 
length  Obliged  to  retreat  to  the  bottom  setting  fire  to  the  furze  &  hedges  the 
Smoke  of  which  favourd  their  flight  &  left  the  several  battalions  masters 
of  the  field  his  Majesty  followed  the  enemy  on  foot  at  the  head  of  a  troop  of 
dragoons  to  the  foot  of  the  hill  when  he  remounted  &  returned  back  to  the 
Lines. 

On  23  June  the  King  reviewed  the  Coldstream  regiment  and  the  battalion 
of  Grenadiers  on  Sydenham  Common,  the  Duke  of  York  (Col.  of  the 
Coldstream)  giving  the  word  of  command.  Lond.  Chronicle,  23  June.  It 
was  customary  for  the  Prince  of  Wales  to  attend  reviews ;  at  this  time,  by 
his  speech  in  the  Lords  on  the  Proclamation  of  21  May,  see  No.  8095,  he 
had  ranged  himself  on  the  opposite  side  to  Fox. 
iiixi7fin. 

8111  THE  STRUGGLE,  OR  COMPULSIVE  RESIGNATION. 
Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

Published  by  W.  &  J.  Stratford  N^  112  Holborn  Hill,  July  i.  1792. 

Engraving.  PI.  from  the  magazine,  p.  312,  illustrating  a  dialogue  between 
Slender  (Pitt)  and  Stout  (Thurlow).  Thurlow  (1.),  seated  behind  a  table 
in  his  Chancellor's  wig  and  gown,  clutches  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal, 
which  Pitt  (r.),  standing  in  front  of  the  table,  tries  to  tear  from  him.  On 
the  wall  is  a  picture  of  two  dogs,  one  sturdy,  the  other  lean,  struggling  over 
a  basket  of  fish ;  in  the  background  is  the  gate  of  the  Treasury. 

For  the  dismissal  of  Thurlow,  see  No.  8097,  &c.   He  formally  resigned 
the  Great  Seal  on  15  June,  making  a  speech  to  the  King  at  a  Privy  Council. 
Lond.  Chronicle,  16  June  1792. 
5fX3iin. 

8112  a  voluptuary  under  the  horrors  of  digestion. 

J"  Gy  design  et  fecit. 

Pu¥July  2^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey  N""  18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  81 17.  The  Prince  of  Wales,  languid  with  repletion,  leans  back  in  an 
arm-chair,  holding  a  fork  to  his  mouth.  His  waistcoat  is  held  together  by 
a  single  button  across  his  distended  stomach.  On  his  r.  a  circular  table 
covered  with  the  remains  of  a  meal,  with  decanters  of  Port  and  Brandy, 
a  castor  of  Chian.  Under  the  table,  partly  covered  by  the  cloth,  are  empty 

920 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

wine-bottles.  Behind  the  chair  (r.)  a  brimming  chamber-pot  stands  on  a 
table  or  commode  on  which  are  long  bills:  Poulterers  Bill  .  .  .  unpaid^ 
Butcher's  Bill  .  .  .  unpaid,  Baker's  Bill  .  .  .  unpaid,  and  (on  the  ground) 
Doctors  Bill.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  lie  a  dice-box  and  dice  with  three 
books:  Debts  of  Honor  Unpaid,  Newmarket  List,  and  Faro  Partnership 
Account  Self  Archer  Hohart  &  Co. 

On  a  shelf  behind  the  Prince  (r.)  is  a  triple  stand  of  jelly-glasses,  among 
which  is  a  small  pot :  For  the  Piles,  and  a  bottle :  Drops  for  a  Stinking  Breath. 
Beside  it  are  a  box  of  Leakes  Pills,  and  a  bottle  of  Velnos  Vegetable  Syrup 
(see  No.  7592).  On  the  wall  above  is  a  candle-sconce  with  a  burlesque 
coat  of  arms  for  the  Prince :  a  plate  with  a  crossed  knife  and  fork,  with  his 
motto,  coronet,  and  feathers ;  one  candle  is  stuck  in  a  wine-bottle,  the  other 
in  a  wine-glass.  Above  the  Prince's  head  is  a  round  picture  in  an  elaborate 
frame  inscribed  L.  Cornaro,  lEtat.  igg  [sic] :  a  H.L.  portrait  of  a  man  with 
a  long  beard  drinking  from  a  glass  inscribed  Aqua.  (Luigi  Cornaro  of 
Padua,  1467-1566,  published  Discorri  della  vita  sobria  .  .  .,  a  treatise  on 
the  means  of  living  to  extreme  old  age,  describing  the  ascetic  diet  by 
which  he  had  recovered  health  and  vitality  when  in  danger  of  death  at  the 
age  of  forty.  Portrait  by  Tintoretto,  Pitti  Palace.)  A  carpet  covers  the  floor. 
Through  the  window  is  seen  the  (unfinished)  colonnade  of  Carlton  House. 

The  faro-tables  of  Mrs.  Hobart  and  Lady  Archer  were  already  notor- 
ious, see  No.  8075 ;  it  is  suggested  that  the  Prince  shared  in  their  profits. 
For  the  Prince  and  Newmarket  see  No.  7918,  &c.  For  his  debts  see  No. 
7873,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  148-9  (small  copy);  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  85. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830.  Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  clxxiii;  Ashton, 
FlorizeVs  Folly,  1899,  p.  167;  Fuchs,  after  p.  248. 

8113   THE  VISIT   TO   PICCADILLY;— OR— A   PRUSSIAN   RE- 
CEPTION. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥July  12^^  iyg2.  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  of  Wales 
(1.)  leads  a  goat  with  the  head  of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  to  the  door  of  the  fore- 
court of  a  large  town-house,  held  partly  open  by  the  Duchess  of  York.  She 
says,  O  Dunder  &  Wonder! — what  Cratur  is  dat  which  you  are  bringing 
here  ?— relation  of  mine,  indeed? — no,  no! — me  know  no  Nanny-goat-Princess! 
— so  set  off,  with  your  bargain,  you  poor — Toasted — Cheese!  you!— for  she 
sha'nt  come  in  here,  to  poison  the  house! — off! — off! — off.  The  Prince,  who 
wears  in  his  hat  a  leek,  with  his  motto,  ich  dien,  answers.  Not  open  the  Toor  ? 
— Cot-splutter-a-nails — when  Nanny  is  come  to  see  you,  herself? — vhy  isn't 
Nanny  a  Princess  too  ? — &  a  Velch  Princess? — and  hur  is  come  to  visit  hur 
Brothers  &  hur  Sisters! — iSf  not  to  let  hur  in?  why  the  Voman  is  mad,  sure! 
In  place  of  a  star  he  wears  a  medallion  enclosing  a  pair  of  goat's  horns.  He 
holds  his  goat  by  a  ribbon  wreathed  with  roses.  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  has  goat's 
horns  and  wears  a  coronet  with  the  Prince's  feathers;  she  looks  up  at  him 
with  an  expression  of  dignified  surprise.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched: 
Representing  Shon-ap-Morgan,  Shentleman  of  Wales,  introducing  his  Old 
Nanny-Goat  into  high  Company. 

The  door  of  the  Duke's  house  is  surmounted  by  a  pediment  decorated 

• 

921 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

with  the  Prussian  eagle  and  pairs  of  doves  (an  emblem  on  the  Duchess's 
state-bed,  Lond.  Chronicle y  21  Dec.  1792). 

For  the  refusal  of  the  Duchess  of  York  to  receive  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  cf. 
No.  8077,  &c.  The  Duke  of  York  had  taken  Melbourne  House  (renamed 
York  House)  in  Piccadilly  on  his  marriage.  Carlton  Home  Magazine, 
i.  149  (pi.).  The  leek,  the  goat,  and  toasted  cheese  are  emblems  of  Wales, 
indicative  of  its  poverty,  cf.  No.  5943. 

See  No.  8058,  on  the  back  of  which  is  an  impression  of  this  print. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  137-8.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  40.    Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
i2i|X9f  in. 

8114  THE  UNITARIAN  ARMS 

London  Pub:  July  14^  iyg2  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  A  burlesque  coat  of 
arms  symbolizing  the  supposed  character  of  the  Unitarians  represented  by 
Priestley.  After  the  title  is  engraved :  Addressed  to  those  Peaceable  Subjects 
of  this  Kingdom  who  prefer  the  Present  happy  Constitution  to  that  Anarchy  & 
Bloodshed  so  Zealously  sought  for  by  these  restless  advocates  for  Priestly  & 
Paine* s  Sophistical  Tenets.  A  printed  explanation  is  attached  to  the  print. 
The  shield  rests  on  a  vulture  which  grasps  in  its  beak  and  claws  the  motto : 
Ufider  these  Garbs  do  we  act.  On  a  shaded  (sable)  ground  a  harpy  suckles  young 
harpies  and  holds  up  the  cap  of  Liberty  with  a  pendent  banner  on  which  is 
a  crown  surrounded  by  drops  of  blood.  On  a  border  round  the  shield  are 
ten  groups  of  ten  intertwined  serpents.  The  crest  is  the  Devil  and  a 
number  of  fiends  attacking  a  glory  of  rays  surrounding  a  triangle,  symbol- 
izing the  Trinity.  The  supporters  are  (dexter)  Religion,  a  veiled  woman 
holding  a  book  and  cross,  her  foot  on  a  skull,  and  (sinister)  Hypocrisy,  a 
woman  with  the  feet  of  a  bird  of  prey,  reading  a  book,  and  holding  (con- 
cealed) a  dagger  with  a  notched  blade;  a  trumpet  is  slung  to  her  waist;  a 
small  wallet  containing  *a  bandelure'  (see  No.  7829)  hangs  from  her  neck 
in  place  of  a  cross.  She  tramples  on  a  crown.  She  wears  a  ragged  drapery, 
intended  to  suggest  humility,  over  a  rich  garment. 

The  'nests'  of  serpents  allude  to  *a  late  Regulation  of  the  dissenters, 
under  the  Direction  of  Thomas  Paine,  appointing  equal  and  regular  Meet- 
ings of  ten  each.  .  .  .  N.B.  At  present  3,000  have  entered  into  this  Con- 
federacy'. Religion  is  represented  because  *It  is  under  the  Cloak  of  Religion 
the  greatest  Enormities  are  committed'.  The  print  illustrates  the  prejudice 
against  the  dissenters,  cf.  No.  7628,  &c.,  and  the  alarm  caused  by  the 
writings  of  Paine  and  the  correspondence  of  the  Reform  Societies  with 
France.  See  No.  7867,  &c.  and  Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii.  128.  ff. 
9iX7|in. 

Collection  de  Vinck,  No.  4880, 

A  LIMITED  MONARCHY. 

AN  UNLIMITED  DEMOCRACY, 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥by  S.Aitken.  N''I4— Castle  Street,  Leicester  Fields.  July  23^1792. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  two  compartments. 

[i]  Louis  XVI,  wearing  a  bonnet  rouge  and  leaning  against  the  wall,  is 

922 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

assailed  by  frantic  men  and  women  (H.L.)  with  spears,  a  pitchfork,  &c. 
They  shout:  Sanction  the  Decrees!  No  Veto!!!  Beneath  the  title  is 
engraved :  or^  the  Negative  power  of  France  surrounded  by  the  patriotic  Furies 
of  the  2d^  ulf^. 

[2]  The  Devil  puts  his  arms  round  fourteen  Frenchmen;  the  two  who 
are  nearest  to  him  kiss  his  mouth.  He  says  First  embrace  me^  &c.  .  .  .  (puis 
baisez-vous  les  uns  les  autres  et  vous  serez  d^sormais  ici  comme  en  enfer).* 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved :  or,  the  Active  power  of  France  Reconciling 
contending  Parties  by  a  General  Hug  on  the  7^*  Inst. 

A  satire  on  the  invasion  of  the  Tuileries  on  20  June  and  on  'le  baiser 
Lamourette',  see  No.  81 19. 

A  copy  (reversed)  in  Jaime,  PL  82  G,  with  French  titles,  but  without 
inscriptions  on  the  plate,  shows  that  the  artist  is  Dent.    Small  copy  in 
Champfleury,  Hist,  de  la  Caricature  sous  la  RepubliquCy  p.  191. 
Si'eXisttin. 

8115  THE  TERRIFYING  COMET,  OR,  MODERN  PLANETARY 
SYSTEM. 

[W.  Dent.]  Executed  by  Uncle  Toby.  .  .  .July  ^24[}]  iyg2 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  comet,  whose  head  is  a  large  star  in 
which  are  the  heads  of  George  III  and  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  and  whose 
tail  issues  from  the  latter's  mouth,  streams  diagonally  across  the  design 
from  the  upper  1.  to  the  lower  r.  corner.  A  ( ?)  rising  sun  in  the  lower  1. 
corner  contains  the  feathers  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  is  surrounded  by 
satellites.  A  large  star,  VenuSy  close  to  the  comet,  contains  the  smiling 
profile  of  the  Queen,  gazing  up  at  the  King.  Two  smaller  stars  are  above 
the  comet's  tail :  Jupiter y  containing  the  head  of  Pitt,  and  Georgium  Sidus, 
containing  the  head  of  Burke;  both  look  towards  the  King.  The  King 
looks  downwards  in  profile  to  the  1.,  from  his  mouth  issues  his  Proclama 
[-tion] ;  his  wig  is  perched  back  to  front  on  his  bald  head,  giving  an  appear- 
ance of  insanity ;  his  neck  is  joined  to  that  of  Richmond.  The  long  tail  of 
the  comet  is  covered  by  tiny  figures  of  soldiers,  artillery,  and  camps.  Below 
it  in  the  lower  r.  corner  of  the  design  is  a  rectangular  block  inscribed 
Bagshot.  Six  small  stars  surround  the  Prince  of  Wales,  containing  the 
heads  of  Fox,  Sheridan,  and  Grey  on  the  1.,  and  on  the  r.,  M.  A.  Taylor  and 
two  others. 

A  satire  on  the  encampment  on  Bagshot  Heath  during  part  of  July  and 
August  1792,  two  'grand  reviews'  being  held  to  introduce  a  new  system  of 
manoeuvres  *to  reconcile  quick  movements  with  order'.  London  Chronicle^ 
7,  10  July,  19  Aug.,  &c.  Its  association  with  the  Proclamation  of  21  May, 
see  No.  8095,  &c.,  probably  derives  from  the  debate  on  31  May  in  which 
Lauderdale  violently  attacked  the  proclamation.  The  Prince  of  Wales  made 
his  maiden  speech  in  its  defence,  and  Lauderdale  attacked  Richmond  as 
the  fittest  person,  General  Arnold  (see  No.  6173)  excepted,  to  command 
a  camp  intended  *to  overawe  the  people  of  the  metropolis,  and  to  destroy 
their  endeavours  to  obtain  a  reform'.  Pari.  Hist.  xxix.  I5i6ff^.  For 
Richmond  as  Uncle  Toby  see  No.  6921,  &c.  For  Burke's  position  cf. 
No.  7866,  &c.  The  planet  Uranus  was  first  named  Georgium  Sidus  by 
Herschel  in  honour  of  George  III.    The  Bagshot  manoeuvres  and  *the 

*  So  given  in  de  Vinck. 
^  Obscured  by  aquatinting. 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

bustle  and  prowess  of  the  invincible  Duke'  are  satirized  in  Wolcot's  Pair 
of  Lyric  Epistles  to  Lord  Macartney  .  .  .  1792.    See  also  Auckland  Corr. 
ii.  430,  and  Nos.  8102,  8n6,  8120,  8233.  The  design  is  probably  imitated 
from  No.  7508. 
9|Xi3iin. 

8116  AMUSEMENT  FOR  JOHN  BULL  OR  THE  FLYING  CAMP, 
I.C  [Cruikshank.] 

July  24,  iyg2.    Pu¥  by  J.  Aickin.  N°  13,  Castle  Street,  Leicester 
Fields. 

Engraving.  Spectators  watch  military  manoeuvres  in  the  air.  The  sky  is 
covered  with  camps,  marching  men,  and  galloping  cavalry,  some  are  in 
military  formation,  others  are  single  figures.  There  are  tents  and  marquees 
with  wings;  a  man  beats  a  drum,  three  orientals  wearing  turbans  race 
through  the  air  beating  cymbals  (cf.  No.  7914).  In  the  foreground  (1.) 
spectators  on  horseback  look  up  in  amazement,  one  horse  throws  its  rider ; 
geese,  goslings,  and  pigs  are  under  the  horses'  feet.  On  the  r.  the  King 
and  Queen  sit  together  on  a  bank ;  the  King  gazing  through  a  small  tele- 
scope, the  Queen  looking  at  him  with  delighted  astonishment.  In  front  of 
them  is  a  gate  over  which  two  officers  mounted  on  winged  cannon  are 
gracefully  leaping,  a  third  soars  into  the  air. 

The  camp  at  Bagshot,  see  No.  81 15,  &c.,  was  formed  to  introduce  new 
mancEuvres  for  rapid  movement,  and  the  troops  were  to  strike  their  tents 
and  move  their  camps  several  times,  to  Hertford  Bridge,  Guildford,  &c. 
Peter  Pindar  ridiculed  the  camp,  the  Duke  of  Richmond,  *the  galloping, 
the  flying  Duke',  and  the  visitors : 

Say,  how  went  forth  to  see  him  half  the  nation 

Their  mouths  well  cramm'd  with  dust  and  admiration — 

All  the  Duke's  friends,  great  quality  and  small ; 

Our  great  King  George,  and  lovely  Queen, 

Were  entertain 'd  scot-free,  I  ween — 
Our  generous  nation  doom'd  to  pay  it  all. 

A  Pair  of  Lyric  Epistles ,  1792,  pp.  8-9. 

In  Dibdin's  entertainment.  Castles  in  the  Air  (1792),  there  was  a  ballad 
on  Bagshot  Camp,  ridiculing  the  cockney  crowds.  Life  of  Dibdin,  1803, 
iii.  228-30;  see  also  No.  8233. 

8117  TEMPERANCE  ENJOYING  A  FRUGAL  MEAL. 
f  Qy  design  et  fecit, 

Pu¥  July  28^^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey y  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  companion  print  to 
No.  81 12.  The  King  sits  in  an  armchair  in  profile  to  the  1.,  bending  forward 
to  eat  a  boiled  egg,  holding  the  egg-cup  in  his  1.  hand.  Opposite  him,  and 
partly  concealed  by  the  1.  margin,  sits  the  Queen,  avidly  stuffing  salad  into 
her  mouth.  On  the  small  round  table  are  a  bowl  of  salad  and  two  jugs  of 
oil  and  vinegar.  Everything  in  the  room  denotes  miserliness :  the  King  has 
tucked  the  end  of  the  table-cloth  into  his  collar  to  protect  his  dress ;  his 
breeches  are  patched ;  his  chair  is  swathed  in  protective  coverings,  his  feet 

924 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

rest  on  a  mat  which  protects  the  carpet.  A  richly  chased  flagon,  decorated 
with  the  royal  arms,  which  stands  on  the  ground  beside  him,  is  inscribed 
Aqua  Regis.  The  handle  of  the  bell-pull  is  covered  by  a  bag. 

Behind  the  King's  back,  and  on  the  extreme  r.,  is  a  fire-place;  in  the 
grate  is  a  vase  containing  snowdrops,  holly,  and  mistletoe,  to  show  that 
although  it  is  winter  there  is  no  fire  (cf.  No.  7322).  A  grotesque  figure  in 
relief  squats  above  the  oval  grate,  his  hands  in  a  muff.  On  the  chimney- 
piece  stand  a  small  pair  of  scales  such  as  were  then  used  for  weighing 
guineas;  see  No.  5128,  &c.,  resembling  those  held  by  the  Queen  in  No. 
8081 ;  a  candelabra  formed  of  a  woman's  figure.  Munificence^  holding  two 
empty  cornucopias;  one  candle  is  intact,  the  other  has  burned  low  and  is 
covered  by  an  extinguisher  surmounted  by  a  crown.  Above  the  chimney- 
piece  is  a  picture :  The  fall  of  Manna,  in  which  the  Bible  story  is  realistically 
depicted :  round  cakes  ( ?  or  coins)  descend  from  Heaven  and  are  caught 
in  sacks  by  Jews  wearing  contemporary  dress;  behind  are  tents  and  a 
mountain.  Above  the  King's  head  hangs  an  empty  picture  frame  inscribed 
The  Triumph  of  Benevolence.  Below  it  hangs  an  oval  miniature  of  the  King 
in  profile  to  the  r.,  inscribed  The  Man  of  Ross  (John  Kyrle  (1637-1724), 
noted  for  frugality  and  charity,  see  D.N.B.),  and  above  it  is  the  lower  arc 
of  another  empty  frame  inscribed  Epicurus.  In  the  foreground  (r.)  behind 
the  King  is  an  iron-bound  and  padlocked  chest  on  and  beside  which  are 
three  books :  Life  of  Old  Elwes  (the  miser,  a  popular  work  by  Topham), 
D^  Cheyne  on  the  benefits  of  a  Spare  Diet,  and  Essay  on  the  clearness  of  Pro- 
visions (cf.  No.  6993).  Behind  the  Queen  is  the  heavily  bolted  door  of  a 
strong-room ;  on  it  hangs  a  placard :  Table  of  Interest y  5  p^  Cent.  5  Million 
.  .  .  2^0,000  (&c.,  the  total  interest  forming  a  colossal  but  scarcely  legible 
amount).  Above  the  door  is  the  lower  part  of  an  empty  frame:  Parting  of 
the  Loaves  Sf  Fishes. 

The  supposed  miserliness  of  the  King  and  Queen  was  a  favourite  subject 
of  caricature,  see  No.  7836,  &c.  The  frugality  of  the  King's  meals  was 
well  known. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  149-50  (small  copy);  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  86. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830.   Reproduced,  Fuchs,  after  p.  248. 

8118  PATENT  FOR  KNIGHTHOOD. 

/.  Kay  fecit  iyg2 

Engraving.  An  adaptation  of  No.  8103,  the  place  of  Pitt  being  taken  by 
Sir  James  Stirling,  Lord  Provost  of  Edinburgh  (1790,  1794,  and  1798). 
Dundas  is  not  in  Highland  dress,  but  wears  a  voluminous  cloak  and  round 
hat.  Sinclair  sits  on  a  rectangular  receptacle  inscribed  Extracts  from  the 
Council. 

Dundas  became  very  unpopular  in  Scotland  for  his  opposition  to 
Sheridan's  motion  for  the  reform  of  the  Royal  Burghs  on  18  Apr.  1792, 
see  Pari.  Hist.  xxbc.  1192  ff.  He  was  burnt  in  effigy  in  many  places  and 
on  4  June  the  mob  attacked  his  house  in  George  Square.  Next  day  a 
renewed  riot  was  stopped  by  dragoons.  Meikle,  Scotland  and  the  French 
Rev.y  1912,  p.  81 ;  Scot.  Hist.  Rev.y  Oct.  1909.  For  his  firmness  during  the 
riots  Sinclair  was  made  a  baronet  on  17  July  1792. 

'Collection',  No.  158.   Kay,  No.  cl. 
8|x6j^6in. 

925 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8119  COALITION    A    LA    FRANCOISE,    OR    THE    FRENCH 
HUGGERS.  [i  Aug.  1792] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine y  ii.  191.  An  imitation  of  No.  7661.  A 
burlesque  scene  in  the  Legislative  Assembly,  members  of  the  opposing 
parties  embrace.  A  man  wearing  a  sword  (Petion)  embraces  a  reluctant 
woman  who  has  fallen  to  her  knees.  A  man  flings  himself  head  first  from  the 
rostrum  to  embrace  a  man  standing  below;  behind  the  rostrum  the  Devil 
looks  out.  Other  couples  embrace  lasciviously.  A  man  embraces  a  pillar. 
Illustration  to  a  satirical  description  of  the  sitting  of  7  July  1792,  when, 
on  the  motion  of  Abbe  Lamourette,  republicans  and  monarchists  exchanged 
embraces  (called  *le  baiser  Lamourette'),  swearing  an  'immortal  union'  in 
the  face  of  the  enemy.  London  Chronicle y  13  July  1792.  The  text  describes 
the  sitting  as  interrupted  by  German  troops,  who  dismiss  the  members, 
and  substitute  the  crown  for  the  cap  of  Liberty.  See  p.  922. 
3iiX5iin.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

8120  A  GENERAL  OFFICER  TAKEN  PRISONER  AT  BAGSHOT 
HEATH  CAMP. 

Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

Published  by  W.  &  J.  Stratford^  N^  112  Holborn  Hilly  Sep.  1 1792. 

Engraving.  PI.  from  the  Magazine,  where  it  is  bound  opposite  p.  569 
(Dec).  A  sentry  (1.)  holds  his  bayonet  horizontally  against  the  coat  of  a 
general  (r.)  wearing  a  star,  who  holds  up  his  hands  to  surrender.  In  the 
background  are  fields  with  trees  and  hedges  and  a  row  of  tents. 

*The  Duke  of  Richmond  [unrecognizable  in  the  plate],  in  turning  out 
the  troops,  was  stopped  by  one  of  the  sentinels  of  his  own  guard,  for  not 
knowing  the  counter-sign,  and  obliged  to  go  prisoner  to  the  officer  of  the 
guard  to  get  the  password.  The  Duke  commended  the  soldier.'  Carlton 
House  Magazine,  p.  431.  For  the  camp  at  Bagshot  see  No.  81 15,  &c. 
5ftX3im. 

8121  THE  RECEPTION  OF  THE  DIPLOMATIQUE  &  HIS  SUITE, 
AT  THE  COURT  OF  PEKIN. 

J"  Gy  design  et  fecit 

Pu¥  Sepr  14^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey.  N°  18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Emperor  of  China 
(1.)  reclines  on  a  mattress  on  a  low  dais,  smoking  a  long  pipe  and  con- 
temptuously watching,  out  of  his  slit-like  eyes.  Lord  Macartney,  who  kneels 
on  one  knee,  holding  out  the  King's  letter,  which  is  signed  OR  \  WP  [Pitt] 
Sec.  The  Emperor  emits  a  puff  of  smoke  from  a  twisted  mouth  in  a  subtly 
insulting  manner.  Behind  him  stand  two  impassive  mandarins,  their 
folded  hands  concealed  in  their  voluminous  sleeves.  Beside  the  dais  (r.) 
stands  a  soldier  in  armour,  holding  a  sword  in  his  clasped  hands.  The 
Chinese  have  pointed  beards  and  moustaches,  and  long  claw-like  finger- 
nails. Over  the  dais  is  an  ornate  canopy  in  the  manner  of  a  Chinese  pagoda, 
ornamented  with  a  dragon.  Macartney,  wearing  the  insignia  of  the  Bath, 
kneels  in  profile  to  the  1.,  indicating  with  his  1.  hand  a  number  of  presents 
which  have  been  placed  at  the  Emperor's  feet.  Five  members  of  his  suite 
prostrate  themselves  behind  Macartney,  their  heads  touching  the  floor  so 

926 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

that  their  faces  are  hidden  and  the  backs  of  their  breeches  are  ludicrously 
conspicuous.  Behind  are  others  bringing  presents,  the  two  most  prominent 
are  identified  as  Sir  George  Staunton,  secretary  to  the  Embassy,  and 
Huttner,  who  published  a  German  account  of  the  expedition.  Staunton, 
who  is  not  caricatured  but  does  not  conspicuously  resemble  his  portrait 
(by  Engleheart,  1792,  engraved  C.  Picart),  stands  full  face  behind  Macart- 
ney, holding  the  string  of  a  toy  balloon  decorated  with  the  royal  arms, 
to  which  is  attached,  in  place  of  a  basket,  a  cock  standing  on  a  pair  of 
breeches  (cf.  No.  6564).  Huttner  holds  a  magpie  in  a  wicker  cage.  Men 
crowd  behind  them  carrying,  one,  a  toy  coach  complete  with  six  horses, 
driver,  postilion,  &c.,  the  whole  on  a  small  wheeled  platform;  another,  a 
rocking-horse ;  a  third  holds  a  weathercock  in  one  hand,  a  British  flag  in 
the  other.  The  objects  on  the  ground  are:  a  volume  of  BoydelVs  Shake- 
speare (see  No.  7584,  &c.)  on  which  is  a  rat-trap ;  a  bat,  trap,  and  ball,  dice- 
box  and  dice,  a  battledore  and  shuttlecock  (on  which  is  a  crown) ;  an  oval 
miniature  of  George  III,  to  which  is  attached  a  child's  coral  and  bells;  a 
toy  windmill ;  a  magic-lantern  with  a  'slider'  (cf.  No.  6287)  which  projects  at 
each  side  showing  devils,  in  the  lantern  is  a  figure  of  Punch ;  the  model 
of  a  man-of-war  flying  a  British  flag,  and  an  E.O.  table  (see  No.  5928,  &c.). 

Macartney's  mission  to  China,  which  sailed  in  September,  with  the 
object  of  securing  better  trading  conditions,  was  the  subject  of  many  news- 
paper paragraphs  and  of  two  poems  by  Peter  Pindar  in  1792:  'A  Pair  of 
Lyric  Epistles  to  Lord  Macartney  and  his  Ship'  and  'Odes  to  Kien  Long 
. . .',  both  of  which  ridiculed  George  IIL  The  presents  taken  were  intended 
to  display  British  craftsmanship  and  manufactures  in  the  interests  of 
British  trade,  and  included  two  magnificent  carriages  (for  summer  and 
winter),  a  large  orrery,  a  pair  of  globes,  fire-arms,  eight  field  pieces  (with 
an  officer  and  eight  artillerymen),  besides  mechanical  toys.  Lond.  Chron. 
6  and  17  July,  2  and  16  Aug.  1792,  &c.  The  actual  reception  which  took 
place  in  a  'tent  of  audience'  is  described  in  Staunton's  Account  of  the 
Embassy,  1797,  ii.  229  ff^. 

Probably  one  of  three  caricatures  sent  (15  Feb.  1793)  by  Lord  Henry 
Spencer  to  Lord  Auckland  at  the  Hague:  'I  think  that  on  Lord  Macartney 
excellent,  and  I  abandon  defence  of  the  rest'.  Auckland  Can.  ii.  472, 
499-500. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  160-3  (copy).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  88.  Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
ii|Xi5|in. 

8122  PETIT  SOUPER,  A  LA  PARISIENNE;— OR— A  FAMILY  OF 
SANS-CULOTTS  REFRESHING,  AFTER  THE  FATIGUES  OF 
THE  DAY. 

[Gillray.] 

Fu¥  Sep'  2&^  iyg2,  by  H,  Humphrey  N.  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  the  massacres  of  2-6  Sept. 
A  cannibal  feast  with  many  revolting  details  takes  place  in  a  ramshackle 
room.  Five  persons  sit  at  a  round  table  on  which  is  a  head  in  a  dish.  The 
head  of  the  family  (1.)  is  seated  on  a  sack  inscribed  Propriete  de  la  Nation, 
which  disgorges  a  crown,  sceptre,  and  mitre,  with  jewels,  &c.  His  vis-a-vis 
(who  wears  a  bag-wig)  is  seated  on  the  body  of  a  woman  whose  throat  is 
cut;  a  blood-stained  axe  is  thrust  through  his  belt.   All  eagerly  devour 

927 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL   AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

human  fragments.  An  old  hag  is  seated  opposite  a  large  fire  in  which 
plunder  is  burning;  she  bastes  the  body  of  an  infant,  transfixed  on  a  spit. 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  three  small  children,  one  wearing  a  dagger,  crouch 
round  a  tub,  eating  the  entrails  which  it  contains.  Heads  and  corpses 
appear  through  a  door  and  in  a  rack  slung  to  the  ceiling.  On  the  wall  is 
rudely  drawn  figure  of  Petioriy  wearing  a  cocked  hat,  holding  out  an  axe 
in  one  hand,  a  head  in  the  other,  with  the  inscription  Vive  la  Liberie  Vive 
le  Egalite.  Near  it  is  the  headless  figure  of  Louis  XVI  as  Lewis  le  Grande 
in  a  pompous  attitude.  Plaster  has  peeled  from  the  walls  of  the  poverty- 
stricken  room.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched  on  a  separate  plate:  Epigram 
extempore  on  seeing  the  above  Print. 

^'Here  as  you  see,  and  as  His  known, 

*^ Frenchmen  mere  Cannibals  are  grown; 

*'0n  Maigre  Days  each  had  his  Dish 

''Of  Soup,  or  Sallad,  Eggs,  or  Fish; 

''But  now  'tis  human  Flesh  they  gnaw, 

"And  evWy  Day  is  Mardi  Gras 

News  of  the  massacres  appeared  in  the  London  papers  on  8  Sept.  and 
following  days,  the  numbers  of  the  killed  being  exaggerated  (6,000  to  8,000 
on  2  Sept.).  Petion,  Mayor  of  Paris,  failed  to  stop  the  massacres,  but  made 
some  ineffective  protests.  See  Braesch,  La  Commune  du  Dix  Aout,  191 1, 
pp.  464-526;  Lenotre,  Les  Massacres  de  Septembre,  1907. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  152.   Wright  and  Evans,  No.  87.   Champfleury,  La 
Caricature  sous  la  Republique . . .,  pp.  238-9  (small  copy,  p.  235).  Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
9ixi3jin. 


8123  A  PARTY  OF  THE  SANS  CULOTTE  ARMY  MARCHING 
TO  THE  FRONTIERS. 

jR'^  Newton 

London  Pu¥  Oct'  i  iyg2  by  W  Holland  AT"  50  Oxford  S^ 
In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  he  seen  all  the  leading  Caricatures 
on  the  French  Revolution. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  disorderly  procession  of  French 
republicans,  grotesquely  caricatured,  ferocious  and  unsoldierly,  hurries  (r. 
to  1.),  preceded  by  two  men  flourishing  blood-stained  axes.  All  are  naked 
from  the  waist  and  wear  a  bonnet  rouge  shaped  like  a  fool's  cap ;  most  have 
long  pigtail  queues  and  wear  sabots  or  go  barefoot;  one  wears  jack-boots 
stuffed  with  knives,  &c.  The  leading  couple  is  accompanied  by  a  tiny  dog 
marching  on  its  hind-legs,  wearing  a  fool's  cap ;  one  of  this  pair  holds  a 
blunderbuss  and  musket,  and  wears  a  Cartouch  Box  at  the  waist,  with  a 
belt  in  which  are  pistols  and  a  dagger;  the  other  holds  a  banner  on  which 
two  sansculotte  soldiers  are  depicted,  kicking  a  decapitated  head  like  a 
football.  The  men  are  armed  with  knives  and  pitchforks;  a  few  have 
blunderbusses,  and  one  irate  man  fires  at  a  bird  which  has  carried  off  his 
cap.  Other  birds  hover  threateningly.  Two  men  drag  a  small  cannon.  A 
man  near  the  rear  beats  a  drum,  on  which  is  a  grotesque  head  of  Liberty, 
with  a  pair  of  bones.  Two  men  eat  as  they  march,  one  devouring  a  frog. 
There  are  twenty-four  figures  in  all. 

928 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1793 

Brunswick's  advance  was  checked  by  the  old  royal  army,  not  by  revolu- 
tionary troops,  see  No.  8125,  &c. 

de  Vinck,  No.  4486. 
7iX26iin. 

8124  BOBADIL  DISGRACED  OR  KATE  IN  A  RAGE— 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  Ocr  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Catherine  II  stands  between  the  King 
of  Poland  (1.),  whom  she  seizes  by  his  pigtail  queue,  and  the  Duke  of 
Brunswick,  whose  back  she  kicks.  She  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  turning 
her  back  on  Stanislaus,  and  threatening  Brunswick  with  outstretched 

sceptre.  She  says  B 1  your  Cowardly  Spirit  I'll  Kick  you  to  Hellj  what 

I  suppose  you  was  frightened  at  their  Naked  A sses.  Get  out  of  my  sights 

or  ril  send  you  and  your  Army after  my  Husband  [cf.  No.  8072]. 

Brunswick  (r.),  who  wears  military  uniform,  flees  from  her  terror-stricken, 
dropping  his  hat.   He  says : 

And  here  my  rendezvous  is  quite  cut  off. 

Honor  is  cudgelVd^  well.  Bawd  will  I  turn 

To  Brunswick  will  I  steals  &  there  Vll  steal: 

And  Patches  will  I  get  unto  these  cudgelVd  scars. 

And  swear  I  got  them  in  the  Gallic  Wars. 

Stanislaus,  who  is  in  back  view,  is  being  dragged  from  1.  to  r.  He  says 
Let  my  Pole  go  oh!  Stanislaus  what  Disgrace.  On  a  table  beside  him  are  a 
crown  labelled  to  the  King  of  Poland  and  a  paper :  rules  &  orders  to  be 
Implicitly  obeyed  Cat  Catherine.  On  the  wall  behind  him  is  a  Map  of  France 
showing  the  south  of  England  and  the  english  channel;  France,  the  word  in 
reversed  letters,  is  bisected  by  a  line,  the  northern  portion  inscribed  my 
share.  After  the  title  is  etched  (as  in  No.  8125): 

For  Brunswicks  Duke  zvith  Ninety  Thousand  men 

Marched  into  France  and  then!! — &  then  Marched  out  again 

Catherine  urged  Prussia  and  Austria  to  intervene  in  France  in  order  to 
absorb  Poland  unmolested;  cf.  No.  8143.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War, 
pp.  9,  46,  51  ff.  The  Second  Partition  Treaty  was  signed  23  Jan.  1793. 
See  Camb.  Mod.  Hist.  viii.  531  ff.  For  Brunswick's  retreat  see  No. 
8125,  &c. 
8fxi2|in. 

Catherine  Donnant  Congi  a  frangois  Et  a  brunsvick  Le  foireux,  de  Vinck 
No.  4506,  appears  to  be  a  reduced  copy  of  No.  8124  with  French  inscrip- 
tions, in  which  Brunswick  is  altered  to  the  Emperor  Francis  II  and 
Stanislaus  becomes  Brunswick.^  The  Empress  says  to  Francis,  Vas  Coquin, 
vas  en  France  avec  Ton  armie  La  gloire  i*y  appelle  Cours  ou  Si  non  .  .  .'. 
He  answers  Je  puis  bien  y  Entrer  mais  pour  en  Sortir  Gare  La  Foire. 
Brunswick  says  C'est  bien  aise  a  dire  mais  a  f aire  c'est  ce  que  nous  verrons. 
The  imprint  is  London  f.  picadilly, 
om.  159x253. 

'  So  described,  but  the  inscriptions  suggest  that  Brunswick  remains  Brunswick, 
and  Stanislaus  is  altered  to  Francis  II. 

929  30 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8125  THE  NEW  PRUSSIAN  EXERCISE  OR  THE  ALLIED  ARMIES 
DISTRESSED  IN  THEIR  REARS  WITH  A  HINT  AT  THE  CON- 
VENIENCE OF  SANS  CULOTTES 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Od  i6^  iyg2  hy  SW  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impressions).  A  party  of  unarmed  French  sans- 
culottes (r.)  drive  Prussian  troops  before  them,  the  last  of  the  Prussians 
and  the  most  important  figure  in  the  design  being  the  Duke  of  Brunswick. 
The  French  ragamuffins,  who  wear  cocked  hats  and  military  coats,  have 
bare  thighs  and  ungartered  stockings ;  they  jeer  at  the  Duke,  the  foremost 
holding  out  to  him  a  flask  and  a  paper  inscribed  Manifesto^  saying.  No 
wonder  de  Duke  should  run  away  when  he  has  lost  his  Spirits,  The  others 
wave  papers  indicating  the  Duke's  manifesto,  and  inscribed  D.B.  or  DB 
Manifesto ;  one  says,  Now  we'lplay  them  the  Duke  of  Brunswick's  new  March 
ca  ira ;  another  says,  Quel  Bougres  des  fire  all  over  behind.  French  sans- 
culotte troops  in  the  background  (r.)  have  pikes  or  pitchforks. 

All  the  Prussian  soldiers,  like  their  general,  hold  drawn  sabres  and  are 
excreting.  The  Duke,  contorted  with  colic,  says,  Duke  Manifesto  in  a 
Quondary  oh  Dear  I  must  let  fly  I  can  hold  in  no  longer^  these  Liberty  Dogs 
have  Galloped  my  Guts  out:  I  must  for  once  in  my  Life  cry  Off  Off.  His 
troops,  who  wear  the  caps  of  Death's  Head  Hussars,  say,  By  got  dis  new 
Exercise  was  no  agree  wit  my  Guts  it  was  give  us  de  Thorogonimbles.  Below 
the  title  is  etched : 

For  Brunszvick^s  Duke  zvith  Ninety  Thousand  Men 
March^  into  France  and  then Marched  out  again 

On  27  July  1792  the  Duke  of  Brunswick  issued  his  boastful  and  impolitic 
manifesto,  disclaiming  desire  of  conquest,  but  threatening  Paris  *with 
military  execution  and  total  subversion'  if  the  Tuileries  were  again  violated. 
On  20  Sept.  the  invasion  of  France  was  checked  at  Valmy  (by  the  old  royal 
army) ;  the  Prussians  began  to  retreat  on  30  Sept.,  and  on  22  Oct.  evacuated 
Longwy  (taken  23  Aug.)  and  crossed  the  frontier,  with  10,000  effectives  and 
20,000  sick  out  of  the  42,000  who  had  entered  France.  Brunswick's  army 
was  ravaged  with  dysentery.  Camb.  Mod.  Hist.  viii.  234, 4 1  o  ff.  A.  Chuquet, 
La  premiere  Invasion  Prussienne,  1886.   See  Nos.  8123,  8124,  8126,  8134, 

A  copy  of  the  group  of  Brunswick  and  the  Prussian  soldiers  is  a  small 
vignette  below  Le  Trium-geusaty  de  Vinck,  No.  4497  (reproduction),  Blum, 
No.  487. 
SJxisfin. 

Diroute  Desprussiens  Par  Les  Sans  Culottes  qui  Les  r envoy ent  avec  Bruns- 
vick  en  Leur  faisant  cadeau  De  lafoire,  de  Vinck,  No.  4505,  appears  to  be  a 
reducedcopyof  No.8i25with  French  inscriptions.  Imprint, LowJow  \Picadily. 
o.  m.  175x252. 

8126  PRUSSIAN  BOBADILS,  RETURNING  TO  BERLIN!!!!!!! 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  Ocr  26  iyg2  hy  W  Holland  N*"  50  Oxford  S* 

Engraving,  A  party  of  very  unmilitary  sansculottes  (1.)  drive  before  them 
the  Duke  of  Brunswick  and  the  King  of  Prussia  who  are  mounted  on  a 

'  The  *6'  is  reversed. 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

sorry  horse,  back  to  back,  tied  together  by  their  arms  and  their  queues. 
They  are  without  breeches,  their  coats  have  been  cut  off  at  the  waist,  and 
the  saddle  is  spiked,  drawing  blood ;  both  yell  with  pain.  The  Duke,  who 
has  long  moustaches,  wears  a  large  cocked  hat,  and  faces  the  animal's  tail ; 
the  King  wears  his  crown.  To  the  horse's  tail  is  tied  a  paper  inscribed 
Manifesto.  Two  of  the  Frenchmen  carry  the  stained  breeches  of  their 
victims  on  pikes.  A  third  man  holds  a  musket  awkwardly  over  his  shoulder, 
its  bayonet  pierces  the  cheek  of  a  man  whose  head  appears  on  the  extreme 
1.   Another  Frenchman,  unarmed,  derisively  takes  a  pinch  of  snuff. 

A  satire  on  the  boastful  manifesto  of  the  Duke  of  Brunswick  and  on  his 
retreat  from  France  after  the  battle  of  Valmy,  see  No.  8125,  &c. 
lof  Xi6f  in. 

8127  THE   IMPORTATION   OF   FRENCH   PRIESTS,   OR  THE 
BLESSINGS  OF  LIBERTY. 

Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

Published  by  W.  &  J.  Stratford  N<'  112  Holborn  Hill,  Nov^  i.  1792, 

Engraving.  PI.  from  the  Magazine  (as  above). ^  A  scene  on  the  sea-shore; 
men  are  landing  by  a  gangway  from  a  small  vessel ;  four  have  reached  the 
shore  and  stand  in  the  foreground;  they  are  starving,  and  three  are  half- 
naked  ;  one  holds  a  bare  bone  and  points  to  his  mouth,  another  kneels  on 
the  ground  begging  for  a  share.  On  the  horizon  (1.)  is  a  cliff  on  which  is 
a  castle. 

Illustration  to  a  Dialogue,  pp.  504-5 :  Candour  attempts  to  dispel  the 
unreasonable  and  ingenious  fears  of  Croaker  at  the  dearth  which  he  fears 
will  follow  the  importation  of  starving  Frenchmen,  who  bring,  moreover, 
the  'heretic  doctrine'  of  Rome.  After  the  overthrow  of  monarchy  on 
10  Aug.,  many  fugitives,  the  majority  being  orthodox  priests  in  disguise, 
reached  the  coasts  of  Kent,  Sussex,  Hants,  and  even  Plymouth,  where  they 
were  especially  unwelcome.  Ann.  Reg.  1792,  ii.  39*-40*;  Rose,  Pitt  and 
the  Great  War,  p.  63.  Clerical  refugees  were  treated  with  great  generosity 
in  England.  Sicard,  Le  Clerge  de  France  pendant  la  Revolution,  iii.  10  ff. 
See  No.  8130. 
5|X3iin. 

8128  THE  MINISTER  TURN'D  ADMIRAL,  OR  THE  SURRENDER 
OF  THE  CASTLES. 

Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

Published  by  W.  &  J.  Stratford,  N'^  112  Holborn  Hill  Nov""  i,  1793.^ 

Engraving.  Pitt  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  wearing  naval  uniform  with  a  long 
pigtail  queue,  stands  facing  the  gate  of  a  castle  where  another  naval  officer, 
bowing  low,  holds  out  to  him  a  large  key.  A  grenadier  sentry  stands  at 
attention.  Pitt  holds  a  document  inscribed  Cinque  Ports.  From  the  battle- 
ments over  the  gateway  a  gun  fires  a  salute;  two  soldiers  stand  beside  it. 
In  the  background  (r.)  is  the  sea. 

Illustration  to  a  dialogue  in  which  Pitt's  appointment  as  Constable  of 
Dover  Castle  and  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports  is  defended.  The  appoint- 

*  Missing  in  B.M.L.  copy.  ^  An  engraver's  error  for  1792. 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL   AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

ment  was  on  i8  August,  in  succession  to  Lord  North  (d.  5  August),  and  was 
pressed  upon  Pitt  by  the  King  in  a  letter  of  6  August.  Stanhope,  Life  ofPittj 
1879,  i.  445-6.  See  also  Life  of  Wilberforcey  1838,  i.  395-6.  See  No.  8135. 
si  X  3|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448,  i,  p.  520. 

8129  THE  THIEVES  DETECTED  AT  LAST.  OR,  A  WONDERFUL 
DISCOVERY  AT  THE  WINDSOR  FARM!! 

[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  Nov'  8,  iyg2  by  W  Holland  AT"  so  Oxford  S* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  George  IH  and  Queen  Charlotte  (carica- 
tured), dressed  as  a  farmer  and  farmer's  wife,  stand  together  (r.)  watching 
with  astonishment  two  geese  sucking  the  udders  of  a  cow  whose  hind- 
quarters appear  on  the  extreme  r.  The  King  holds  a  milking-stool,  his 
expression  is  one  of  goggling  astonishment;  the  Queen  holds  a  pail,  she 
grins  broadly.   In  the  background  (r.)  is  a  bam. 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  King's  farms,  see  No.  6918,  &c.  Cf.  Peter 
Pindar's  Odes  to  Kien  Long  .  .  .,  1792: 

Nor  dost  thou  watch  the  girl  who  milks  the  cow, 
For  fear  the  girl  might  sip,  and  prove  a  thief. 

de  Vinck,  No.  4394. 
8ixi2iin. 

8130  EMIGRANT  CLERGY  READING  THE  LATE  DECREE, 
THAT  ALL  WHO  RETURNS  SHALL  BE  PUT  TO  DEATH. 

[?  I.    Cruikshank.] 

Pub:  iV^  15.  1792  by  S  W  Fores  No  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Three  men  stand  round  a  fourth  who 
holds  a  paper  inscribed :  Decree  .  .  .  who  .  .  .  Return  Death  first  year  of 
Republic.  A  fifth,  tall  and  thin,  stands  on  the  r.  of  the  group  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  his  hands  clasped,  his  eyes  raised.  Two  others  stand  on  the  1.  with 
gestures  and  expressions  of  anger.  All  are  excessively  perturbed.  None 
wears  clerical  dress.   A  background  of  cast  shadow  only. 

By  decrees  of  23-25  Oct.  1792  emigres  were  condemned  to  perpetual 
banishment,  with  the  death  penalty  for  those  who  returned.  Sorel, 
UEurope  et  la  Rev.fr.,  iii.  185,  n.  3.  Cf.  No.  8127. 

de  Vinck,  No.  3710. 
8|Xi2|in. 

A  copy  (with  alterations)  of  No.  8130,  signed  Massard  deV  &  sc^y  is  a  pi. 
to  Challamel,  ii.  128 ;  it  depicts  emigres  in  Rome  in  1798  readings  Proclama- 
tion du  General  Berthier.  Some  of  the  heads  are  altered,  and  there  is  a  back- 
ground of  St.  Peter's  and  other  buildings.  Verses  are  engraved  beneath 
(printed  on  pp.  128-9)  beginning: 

Par  une  proclamation 

On  chasse  la  condition, 

Quoi!  nous  chasser  de  I'ltalie! 

Berthier  entered  Rome  1798,  occupied  the  Castle  of  St.  Angelo,  and 
expelled  the  French  emigres  from  Italy. 

932 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8131  THE  FRIENDS  OF  THE  PEOPLE 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Nov''  i^  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Dr.  Priestley  and  Paine 
sit  at  a  rectangular  table  facing  each  other  in  profile.  Priestley  (1.)  sits  in 
a  chair  holding  a  dark  lantern  which  he  directs  at  Paine,  and  a  tray  of 
Phospherous ;  beside  him  is  a  blunderbuss  inscribed  Royal  Electric  fluid, 
Paine  (r.),  seated  on  a  barrel  of  Gun  Powder^  holds  a  dagger  in  each  hand. 
The  table  is  covered  with  pistols,  daggers,  swords,  and  a  musket.  On  it, 
behind  a  pile  of  pistols,  squats  a  grinning  devil  with  folded  arms  and  webbed 
wings  which  reach  from  Priestley  to  Paine.  Behind  Priestley,  and  on  the 
extreme  1.,  is  a  pyramid  of  large  volumes,  inscribed  respectively:  Fire  and 
Murder  defended^  Deep  designs,  Assassination,  Brutus,  Cataline,  Electrical 
Batteries  so  contrivd  to  Distroy  any  Assembly  or  Member  at  Pleasure,  Select 
Meetings,  Massacres,  Counter  Revolutions,  Revolutions,  Plots,  Treasons,  Con- 
spiracys.  Under  his  feet  and  the  table  are  objects  inscribed  Brimstone  and 
G.  Powd^,  and  papers  inscribed  Treason,  Murders,  Fires.  Behind  Paine  are 
more  barrels  of  Gun  Powder;  on  these  are  piled  papers  or  pamphlets 
inscribed :  Villany  Triumphant,  Rebellion,  Downfall  of  Royalty,  American 
Revolution,  Massacre  &  Plunder,  The  Rights  of  Man,  Common  Sense.  On 
the  floor  at  his  feet  are  packets  of  Gun  Powder,  bundles  of  matches,  a 
blunderbuss,  a  pair  of  shackles,  swords,  &c.  In  the  centre  foreground  are 
a  headsman's  axe,  a  pickaxe,  a  pike,  &c. 

On  the  wall  which  forms  a  background  are  five  pictures  with  figures  on 
a  tiny  scale  (1.  to  r.):  [i]  A  La  Lantern;  a  man  is  being  hung  from  a  lamp- 
post, one  of  the  crowd  holds  up  a  head  on  a  pike.  [2]  Shooting  the  King  of 
Sweeden ;  Ankerstrom  shoots  the  King  in  the  back  while  he  is  talking  to  a 
lady,  see  No.  8080.  [3]  Charles  the  First,  a  small  figure  with  an  axe  appears 
behind  the  head  of  the  Devil  which  hides  the  rest  of  the  picture.  [4]  Watt 
Tyler,  who  is  struck  down  by  Walworth.  [5]  Guillotin,  a.  victim  kneels 
under  the  blade  of  the  guillotine ;  soldiers  surround  the  scaffold. 

The  title  is  from  the  association  of  the  Friends  of  the  People,  see 
No.  8087,  &c.  Paine 's  Rights  of  Man,  see  No.  7867,  8137,  &c.,  widely 
circulated,  had  become  the  manifesto  of  the  Corresponding  Society  and 
other  radical  societies  (not  the  Friends  of  the  People).  His  Common  Sense 
(1776)  had  had  great  effect  in  influencing  the  Colonists  in  favour  of  inde- 
pendence. Paine  fled  to  France  in  September,  and  was  elected  deputy  for 
Calais  to  the  French  Convention,  see  No.  8137.  The  daggers  may  represent 
those  reported  to  have  been  ordered  in  large  quantities  from  Birmingham, 
see  No.  8147.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  pp.  62  ff.,  167;  P.  A.  Brown, 
The  French  Revolution  in  English  History,  p.  90.  For  Priestley  and  France 
of.  No.  8io8. 
8ixi3iin. 

8131  A  SEDITION,  LEVELLING  AND  PLUNDERING;  OR,  THE 
PRETENDED  FRIENDS  OF  THE  PEOPLE  IN  COUNCIL. 

This  title  is  on  a  printed  sheet*  pasted  over  the  title  of  No.  813 1 ;  it  is  the 

'  One  of  two  copies  has  the  imprint  Trinted  and  sold  by  S.  W.  Fores,  No.  3, 
Piccadilly,  who  has  again  opened  his  Exhibition  Room,  to  which  he  has  added  several 
Hundred  old  and  new  Subjects.  Admittance  is.' 

933 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

heading  of  a  version  of  God  save  the  King  in  eight  verses  of  which  ii-vii 
attack  the  Unitarians  and  Paine  and  Priestley : 

V 

Tom  Paine  and  Priestley  are 
More  base  and  desp'rate  far, 

Than  vile  Jack  Cade, 
He  for  reform  did  cry ; 
They  for  equality 
Wou'd  stain  true  liberty. 

With  British  blood. 

8132  TOM  PAINE^S  NIGHTLY  PEST. 
J'  Gy  design  et  fed— Pro  Bono  Publico — 

Pub,  26^^  Noif  1792^  by  H.  Humphrey y  N°  18  Old  Bond  Street, 

Aquatint.  Paine  lies  asleep  on  straw  on  a  ramshackle  wooden  bedstead, 
covered  by  his  coat.  He  wears  a  cap  inscribed  Libertas.  He  lies  diagonally 
from  1.  to  r.,  facing  the  spectator.  On  the  head  of  his  bed  are  drawn  the 
profile  heads,  with  wings,  of  his  Guardian  Angels :  Priestley  (1.)  and  Fox  (r.). 
His  head  rests  on  a  bundle  of  straw  round  which  is  a  striped  and  torn 
( ?)  flag  inscribed  Vive  V America.  His  arm  lies  across  an  open  book :  The 
Rights  of  Farthing  Candles  proving  their  Equality  zvith  the  Sun  &  Moon. 
And  the  necessity  of  a  Reformation  in  the  Planetary  System.  From  his  coat- 
pocket  protrudes  a  pamphlet :  Common  Sense  or  Reason  destructive  to  Free 
Government.  On  a  table  by  his  side  (r.)  are  a  rat  with  its  head  caught  in  a 
trap,  writing  materials,  and  a  paper :  The  Golden  Age  The  Art  of  Equalizing 
the  Property  of  Princes  &  Pikemen. 

His  dream  appears  surrounded  with  clouds  on  the  r.  of  the  design. 
Three  judges  are  represented  by  their  empty  wigs :  before  each  hangs  a  long 
scroll  headed  [i]  Pleas  for  Tho^  Paine.  Ignorance  Poverty  Envy.  [2]  Charges 
against  Tho^  Paine  Libels  Scurrilities  Lies  Perjuries^  Rebellions^  Treasons.  [3] 
Punishments  for  Tho^  Paine  Corporal  Pain  Contempt  ^  Detestation.  Behind  is  the 
stone  wall  of  a  dungeon  with  a  closely  barred  window,  on  each  side  of  which 
hang  heavy  shackles.   A  gibbet  and  a  pillory  also  emerge  from  the  clouds. 

The  extreme  poverty  of  the  room  is  shown  by  the  wall  (where  the 
plaster  has  broken  away  to  show  bricks),  by  a  tattered  curtain  (dotted  with 
fleurs-de-lis),  and  a  raftered  and  sloping  roof.  Paine  is  not  caricatured,  and 
his  expression  though  severe  is  composed  and  dignified. 

See  No.  8137,  a  more  elaborate  version  of  this  design. 
9iXi3|in. 

8133  THE  POLITICIANS. 
Engraved  for  the  Carlton  House  Magazine. 

Published  by  W.  &  jf.  Stratford  N'^  112  Holborn  Hill,  Dec'  J,  1792. 

Engraving.  PI.  to  the  magazine,  p.  556.  Two  men  seated  on  either  side 
of  a  small  round  table  are  in  heated  conversation.  A  lean  man  (1.)  has  the 
Argus  newspaper ;  the  other,  a  fat  man  wearing  his  wig  back  to  front,  holds 
the  Oracle.  A  torn  map  of  Europe  hangs  on  the  wall,  and  a  W.L.  picture 
of  a  man,  whose  head  is  obscured,  inscribed  isxa  (other  letters  hidden). 
Illustration  to  a  (non-committal)  dialogue  on  the  character  of  Tom  Paine 
and  the  advisability  of  reading  his  book.  See  Nos.  7867,  8137,  &c. 
5|X3iin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

934 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

8134  CAPTAIN  BOBADIL  AND  ANCIENT  PISTOL. 
Engraved  for  the  Carlton-house  Magazine. 

Published  by  W.  &  J.  Stratford,  N<>  112  Holborn  Hill  Dec  i.  1792 

Engraving.  PL  to  the  magazine,  p.  560.  The  Duke  of  Brunswick  (1.)  as 
Bobadil  gesticulates  with  raised  fist;  in  his  1.  hand  is  a  fleur-de-lis.  He 
addresses  Pistol,  who  stands  (r.)  with  folded  arms,  looking  up  in  profile 
to  the  r.  Both  wear  quasi-Elizabethan  dress.  In  the  background  across 
a  plain  is  an  army  in  retreat,  with  baggage  wagons  and  dead  horses.  On 
two  standards  are  the  fleurs-de-lis,  on  another  a  Prussian  eagle.  Behind 
are  mountains.  Illustration  to  a  dialogue  in  which  a  well-known  passage 
in  Every  Man  in  his  Humour  is  parodied. 

A  satire  on  the  boastful  proclamation  of  Brunswick,  see  No.  8125,  &c. 
5fX3iin.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  5448. 

8135  SINK  PORTS 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Dec  7  J792 

Engraving.  Pitt,  grotesquely  thin,  bends  under  the  weight  of  a  huge  pile 
of  sacks  which  he  carries  on  his  head,  they  are  numbered  J,  2,  j,  4,  5 
respectively,  and  each  is  inscribed  1000  I.  He  walks  in  profile  to  the  r., 
across  a  street,  whose  buildings  are  roughly  indicated,  towards  a  turning 
inscribed  Downing  Street.  He  says  What  an  unlucky  tinie  to  be  thus 
Burthened  but  Ell  holdfast  even  if  they  should  Sink  me. 

For  Pitt's  appointment  as  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports  see  No.  8128. 
The  salary  was  £3,000  a  year.  Rose  says,  citing  Bland  Burges,  *not  a  single 
libel  or  gibe  appeared  in  the  Press  on  his  acceptance  of  this  almost  honorary 
post'  (a  negative  which  it  would  be  difficult  to  prove).  Pitt  and  the  Great 
War,  p.  39.  Pitt  was  attacked  as  a  sinecurist  (as  Warden,  &c.)  in  1795,  see 
Catalogue,  vol.  vii  {The  State  Caterpillar,  1  Sept.  1795,  &c.). 
io|X7i  in. 

8136  FRENCH  LIBERALITY,  OR,  AN  ATTEMPT  TO  CONQUER 
ALL  THE  WORLD  BY  BEING  TOO  CIVIL  BY  HALF. 

[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Dec  8^^  iyg2    Sold  by  J.  Aitken  iV"  14  Castle  St 
Leicester  Fields  London. 

Engraving  (partly  coloured  impression).  A  French  general  (Dumouriez) 
stands  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  out  a  document  to  three  men,  each 
(like  himself)  standing  on  a  piece  of  land  surrounded  by  water.  In  his  1. 
hand  is  a  huge  sabre.  The  four  figures  are  respectively  inscribed  (1.  to  r.) : 
Erench,  German,  Dutch,  English.  Dumouriez,  who  is  much  burlesqued, 
wears  a  huge  cocked  hat  and  enormous  shirt-frill  and  ruffles ;  on  his  thin 
legs  are  wide  jack-boots,  his  queue  reaches  to  the  ground.  His  document  is 
inscribed  Convention  to  Alexander  Dumourier — Give  Ereedom  to  all  the 
World.  He  says  Having  more  Liberty  den  we  vos  know  vat  to  do  wid,  we  vos 
resolve  to  give  some  to  all  de  World — and  for  de  Sword  or  Ereedom  give  us 
von  little  bit  of  a  Contribution.  The  German,  who  is  not  caricatured,  wears 

935 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

a  cocked  hat  and  military  coat ;  he  answers,  We  wish  to  retain  the  Liberty 
of  being  governed  by  Religion  and  Law.  The  stout  Dutchman,  who  wears 
long  baggy  breeches  and  smokes  a  pipe,  answers,  leaning  forward  defiantly, 
You  give  us  Liberty?  you  be  damped — Let  us  enjoy  commercial  Freedom  and 
the  right  of  making  Money  where  we  cany  and  a  fig  for  your  Ideal  Goddess. 
The  very  corpulent  Englishman,  a  plainly  dressed  John  Bull,  who  stands 
solidly  in  profile  to  the  1.,  clasping  his  stomach,  answers.  Why  we  are  fat 
and  free!  and  live  under  a  Glorious  Constitution^  its  old  and  I  venerate  it — 
to  be  sure  Time  may  have  made  a  few  flaws  and  Cracks  in  it — but  Dam  it,  it 
can  never  be  mended  with  Plaister  of  Paris — so  you  may  keep  your  Freedom 
and  your  Fricasee  to  yourself! 

A  satire  on  the  famous  decree  of  the  Convention  on  19  Nov.  1792,  when 
they  resolved  to  *grant  fraternity  and  assistance  to  all  people  who  wish  to 
recover  their  liberty*,  ordering  their  generals  to  give  effect  to  this  decree. 
Camb.  Mod.  Hist.  viii.  300.  The  German  and  Dutch  States  were  also 
threatened  by  the  decree  of  16  Nov.,  ordering  the  French  generals  to 
pursue  the  Austrians  on  to  any  territory  where  they  might  find  refuge. 
England,  as  well  as  the  Dutch  Republic,  was  challenged  by  the  decree 
(16  Nov.)  opening  the  Scheldt  to  free  navigation.  Pitt  believed  that  these 
decrees  were  a  concerted  plan  to  force  England  either  to  declare  war  or 
yield  disgracefully,  in  either  case  to  the  encouragement  of  sedition  in 
Britain  and  Ireland.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  pp.  71-3.  See  also,  for 
French  designs  on  Rome  and  Savoy,  Sorel,  UEurope  et  la  Revolution 
frangaisCy  iii.  197  ff.  For  the  foreign  policy  of  the  Girondins  see  also  Nos. 
8143,  8150. 

9iixi3iin.  (pi.)- 

8137  TOM  PAINE'S  NIGHTLY  PEST. 

f  Qy  design  etfed — pro  bono  publico. 

Pu¥  Dec''  i&^  1792 y  by  H.  Humphrey,  No.  18.  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Another  version,  reversed,  of  No.  8132. 
Paine  (r.)  lies  as  before,  but  his  legs  and  feet,  which  were  hidden  by  straw 
and  by  cloud,  project  from  under  his  coat,  and  the  crisping  of  his  toes 
indicates  agitation  caused  by  his  dream.  The  three  headless  judges  (1.) 
with  dependent  scrolls  are  as  before,  with  the  addition  of  a  cloud-shaped 
scroll  ascending  from  the  central  wig,  inscribed : 

Know  Villain,  when  such  paltry  slaves  presume 
To  mix  in  Treason,  if  the  Plot  succeeds 
They're  thrown  neglected  by — but  if  it  fails 
Theyre  sure  to  die  like  dogs!  as  you  shall  do. 

In  place  of  the  prison  wall  is  a  glory  of  rays  issuing  from  a  sun  in  the 
centre  of  which  are  the  scales  of  Justice.  This  is  surmounted  by  shackles 
and  by  a  scroll  inscribed  ^^The  Scourge  inexorable,  and  the  torturing  hour, 
awaits  thee'\  Beneath  are,  as  before,  a  gibbet  (with  the  addition  of  a 
ladder)  and  a  pillory.  Between  them  are  a  scourge  and  birch-rod  tied 
together.  The  inscriptions  on  the  three  scrolls  are  as  before  except  that 
in  'Charges'  Falshoods  takes  the  place  of  'Lies',  and  to  Tunishments'  is 
added  Extinction  from  Society.  The  inscriptions  on  Paine 's  book,  &c.,  are 
as  before  except  that  the  alternative  title  of  Common  Sense  is  or  convincing 
Reasons  for  Britons  turning  Sans  Culottes.  The  fleurs-de-lis  on  the  tattered 

936 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1792 

curtain  are  larger  and  more  conspicuous.  Above  the  bed,  in  place  of  the 
crumbling  wall,  is  an  open  casement  window  out  of  which  flies  a  terrified 
demon  with  his  tail  between  his  legs ;  he  holds  a  fiddle,  but  drops  his  bow 
and  a  sheet  of  music  inscribed  Ca-ira.  Through  the  window  appear  clouds 
and  a  full  moon. 

Evidently  published  in  anticipation  of  Paine 's  trial,  18  Dec.  1792  (post- 
poned from  8  June  when  he  had  appeared  in  court),  for  publishing  (Feb. 
1792)  in  The  Rights  of  Man  Part  Ily  'a  scandalous  libel  on  the  Constitution, 
Laws  and  Government  of  England'.  Cf.  No.  7867,  &c.  Paine  had  fled  to 
France,  see  No.  813 1,  whence  he  wrote  a  letter  to  the  Attorney-General 
suggesting  that  he  and  *M^  Guelph*  might  take  warning  from  the  example 
made  of  similar  persons  in  France.  Paine  was  outlawed  and  never  returned 
to  England.  State  Trials^  xxii ;  D.N.B. ;  P.  A.  Brown,  The  French  Rev.  in 
English  Hist.y  pp.  87-8,  &c.  See  also  Nos.  8146,  8152. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  156-7  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  91. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 

iijxi4/gin.  (pi.). 


8138  LOYALTY— AGAINST— LEVELLING. 

yS    [Bayers.] 

Pu¥  J5'*  Dec""  iyg2  by  Tho  Cornel  Bruton  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  I.  and  wider  por- 
tion of  the  design  represents  England^  the  r.  portion  France ;  two  posts  and 
the  corners  of  two  buildings  meet  along  the  dividing  line.  From  each  post 
a  horizontal  beam  projects  to  support  a  signboard,  in  each  case  that  of  a 
crown.  In  England  this  is  in  place,  and  has  the  inscription  Good  Entertain- 
ment for  Man  &  Horse;  two  Frenchmen  standing  on  the  opposite  side  are 
pulling  at  the  English  sign  with  ropes.  They  stand  on  the  sign  of  the 
(French)  crown  which  has  already  been  cut  down.  They  are  assisted  by 
Tom  Paine  who  sits  astride  the  horizontal  bar  to  saw  it  through,  but  leaves 
his  saw  in  the  wood  to  stare  in  terror  at  a  large  bill,  posted  on  the  house 
from  which  the  sign  projects,  and  inscribed :  Association  for  preserving 
Liberty  &  Property  against  Republicans  and  Levellers  Resolved.  .  .  .  He 
exclaims,  Here  V  a  Stop  to  my  Levelling.  He  is  dressed  in  a  slovenly  manner 
and  from  his  pocket  protrude  D  Priestley  Sermon  (see  No.  7887,  &c.)  and 
Rights  of  Man  (see  Nos.  7867,  8137,  &c.).  On  the  ground,  and  opposite 
the  door  of  the  Crown  Inn,  stand  a  sailor  (1.)  and  a  soldier  (r.)  who  clasp 
hands;  the  sailor  waves  his  hat,  crying, /or  our  King  and;  the  soldier,  who 
holds  a  musket,  the  butt  end  resting  on  the  ground,  adds  Country.  Against 
the  door  is  pasted  a  bill  headed  Proclamation  (see  No.  8095),  and  ending 
God  save  the  King.  The  rays  of  the  sun  dispel  some  dark  clouds  which 
surround  Paine.  In  the  background  is  a  castle,  flying  a  British  flag,  and  the 
masts  of  ships.  In  front  of  them  is  a  wall  on  which  stands  a  small  defiant 
British  Lion. 

In  France  the  sky  is  covered  with  heavy  clouds.  On  the  building  are 
three  large  placards:  [i]  Liberte  &  Egalite  Ca  ira^  [2]  Mr  Fox's  Speech  to 
the  Vig  Club  Anglois,  [3]  Memorial  of  Cit  Thc^  Paine  to  the  Nation[al] 
Conven[tion].  Beside  the  two  men  who  pull  at  the  English  crown  is  a  third 
Frenchman,  a  ragged  sansculotte,  who  holds  a  pike  on  which  is  a  head; 
he  stands  astride  a  recently  decapitated  body,  shouting,  Vive  la  Nation. 

937 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Behind  him  are  the  branches  of  a  bare  tree,  inscribed  Varhre  de  la  Liberie, 
from  which  hangs  the  body  of  a  monk.  Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

nought  can  make  us  rue 

If  England  to  itself  do  rest  hut  true. 

An  ^Association  for  preserving  Liberty  and  Property  against  Levellers 
and  Republicans'  was  formed  in  Nov.  1792  on  the  initiation  of  John 
Reeves.  Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii.  155*  ff.  For  its  correspondence,  Nov.  1792- 
Feb.  1793,  see  B.M.  Add.  MSS.  6919-28.  It  circulated  pamphlets,  prints, 
&c.  See  Nos.  8141,  8142,  8144,  8149. 

For  Paine's  flight  to  France  see  Nos.  8131,  8137.  Except  for  No.  8084, 
the  first  print  to  hint  at  war  with  France,  but  cf.  No.  8136,  &c.,  on  the 
foreign  policy  of  the  Girondins. 
ioX7iin. 


8139  NEGOTIATION  FOR  A  COALITION  BROKEN  OFF, 
[Dent.] 

Pu¥  by  W  Dent  Decf  ly  iyg2 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Pitt  stands  beside  a  stone  doorway  (1.), 
evidently  that  of  the  Treasury,  stooping  forward  and  holding  out  a  dish 
on  which  is  a  bare  bone  towards  a  fox  (r.).  He  beckons  with  his  forefinger, 
saying.  Fox,  Fox  Fox-ee,  Fox-ee  Fox-ee,  come,  come,  comeey  comee,  then,  my 
poor  Fellow,  come,  come,  what  wont  you  come?  wont  you?  then  curse  your 
crafty  Carcase.  The  fox  runs  ofi",  turning  his  head  to  look  at  Pitt;  he  says. 
No,  No,  thank  you.  I  have  a  little  more  cunning  than  to  take  share  of  a  Bone 
that  you  have  pickt  bare. 

There  were  newspaper  reports  in  July  of  a  coalition,  and  there  were 
negotiations  (May-June)  for  a  union  between  the  Government  and  the 
Portland  Whigs.  Fox  opposed  the  scheme  except  on  terms  of  equality 
with  Pitt;  the  King  said  'Anything  complimentary  to  them  [the  Whigs] 
but  no  power'.  Malmesbury  Diaries,  ii.  454-64.  Political  Memoranda  of  the 
Duke  of  Leeds,  ed.  O.  Browning,  1884,  pp.  184  ff.  Pallain,  Mission  de 
Talleyrand  a  Londres,  1889,  pp.  403-8.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  191 1, 
pp.  35-9.  Laprade,  England  and  the  Freru:h  Revolution,  1910,  pp.  64«ff. 
Cf.  Nos.  8140,  8142. 
8|xi2f  in. 

8140  JACOBINE  WIGS,  OR,  GOOD  NIGHT  TO  THE  PARTY. 
[Dent.] 

Pub  by  W  Dent  Dec  18^^  iyg2. 

Engraving.  A  meeting  of  the  Whig  Club,  cf.  No.  6671.  Three  Whigs  sit 
on  three  sides  of  a  rectangular  table,  apparently  in  deep  sleep,  with  nightcaps 
pulled  over  their  eyes.  Fox,  on  a  larger  scale  than  the  others,  sits  full  face 
at  the  head  of  the  table,  his  hands  folded.  Sheridan  (r.)  leans  on  the  table, 
resting  his  head  on  his  hand.  Grey,  very  thin  and  on  a  smaller  scale,  leans 
his  head  on  the  back  of  his  chair.  On  the  table  is  an  object  resembling  a 
fox's  brush  inscribed  Reform,  and  a  box  or  book  inscribed  Associations 
Otherwise  Republican  Opium  (see  No.  8087,  &c.).  A  smouldering  candle  by 

938 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

Fox  has  burnt  down  to  the  socket.  The  nearer  part  of  the  table  is  cut  off 
by  the  lower  margin  of  the  design.  On  the  wall  are  (1.)  an  oval  picture  of 
a  setting  sun  and  (r.)  two  wigs :  a  full-curled  one  inscribed  1688  and  a  bag- 
wig  inscribed  1792. 

A  satire  on  the  disruption  of  the  Whig  party  caused  by  the  attitude  of 
the  1.  wing  (Fox,  Grey,  Sheridan,  and  others)  towards  France.  Cf.  No. 
8139  and  see  Life  and  Letters  of  Sir  G.  Elliot y  ii.  80  ff.  The  Whigs  of  the 
Revolution  (1688-9)  ^^^  compared  with  the  Whigs  of  1792.  Fox  was  not 
a  member  of  the  Friends  of  the  People,  cf.  No.  8087,  &c. 
^Xl2\  in. 

8141  JOHN  BULL  BOTHER'D;— OR— THE  GEESE  ALARMING 
THE  CAPITOL. 

Price  3  shilP — The  engraving  not  having  been  Paid  for ,  by  the  Associa- 
ciations  for  vending  two' penny  Scurrilities  [siee  No.  8138]. 

J^  G^  des^  effect — pro  bono  publico. 

Pu¥  Dec'  ig^^  1792 y  by  H.  Humphrey  N°  18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Aquatint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Pitt  stands,  in  profile  to 
the  r.,  on  a  fortified  tower,  or  platform,  in  the  crenellations  of  which  are 
cannon;  he  looks  through  a  spy-glass,  his  knees  bending  with  fear,  and 
clutches  by  the  arm  a  stout  John  Bull  (1.),  a  yokel  (as  in  No.  7889),  who 
stands  full  face,  almost  equally  terrified.  He  is  watching  a  flight  of  geese 
advancing  from  the  r.,  and  says.  There,  John! — there!  there  they  are! — I  see 
them — get  your  Arms  ready ,  John! — they're  Rising  &  coming  upon  us  from 
all  parts; — there! — theres  Ten  Thousand  sans-Culottes  now  on  their  passage! 
— &  there!  look  on  the  other  side,  the  Scotch  have  caught  the  Itch  too;  and  the 
Wild-Irish  have  begun  to  pull  off  their  Breeches! — what  will  become  of  us 
John? — &  seCy  there's  Five  Hundred  Disputing-Clubs,  with  bloody  Mouths; 
— &  Twenty  Thousand  Bill-stickers  with  Ca  ira  pasted  on  the  front  of  their 
Red-Caps! — where' s  the  Lord  Mayor  John  ? — are  the  Lions  safe  ? — down  with 
the  Book-stalls! — blow  up  the  Gin-shops! — cut  off  the  Printers  Ears! — O  Lord 
John! — O  Lord! — we're  all  ruined! — they'l  Murder  uSy  and  make  us  into 
Aristocrat  Pyes!  John  Bull  answers :  Aristocrat  Pyes  ? — Lord  defend  us! — 
Wounds y  Measter,  you  frighten  a  poor  honest  simple  Fellow  out  of  his  toits! — 
Gin-Shops  &  Printers-Ears! — &  Bloody-Clubs  &  Lord  Mayors! — and 
Wild-Irishmen  without  Breeches,  &  Sans-Culottes!  Lord  have  mercy  upon 
our  Wives  &  Daughters! — And  yet,  I'll  be  shot,  if  I  can  see  any  thing  myself, 
but  a  few  Geese,  gabbling  together — But  Lord  help  my  silly  head,  how  should 
such  a  Clod-pole  as  I,  be  able  to  see  any  thing  Right  ? — I  dont  know  what 
occasion  for  I  to  see  at  all,  for  that  matter; — why  Measter  does  all  that  for  I, — 
my  business  is  only  to  Fire  when  &  where  Measter  orders,  &  to  pay  for  the 
Gunpowder; — but  Measter  o'  mine,  {if  I  may  speak  a  word,)  where' s  the  use 
of  Firing  now  ? — what  can  us  two  do  against  all  them  Hundreds  of  Thousands 
of  Millions  of  Monsters  ? — Lord,  Measter,  had  not  we  better  try  if  they  won't 
shake  hands  with  us,  &  be  Friends  ? — for  if  we  should  go  to  fighting  with  them^ 
&  They  should  Lather  Us,  what  zvill  become  of  you  &  I,  then,  Measter!!! 

John  Bull,  frightened  and  bemused,  holds  a  musket  with  a  broken 
bayonet,  his  1.  hand  is  in  his  coat-pocket,  and  he  wears  very  wrinkled 
gaiters.  In  his  hat  are  two  favours,  one  Vive  la  Liberte,  the  other  God  save 
the  King.   A  pamphlet  projects  from  each  waistcoat-pocket:  one,  Paine 's 

939 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Rights  of  Man  (see  No.  7867,  &c.),  the  other  Pennyworth  of  Truth.  This 
is  the  pamphlet  'One  Pennjrworth  of  Truth,  from  Thomas  Bull  to  his 
Brother  John'  denounced  by  Grey  (17  Dec.)  as  a  libel.  Pari.  Hist.  xxx. 
128  ff.  It  attacked  Price  and  Priestley  and  was  by  the  Rev.  William  Jones. 
Hist.  MSS.  Comm.y  Kenyan  MSS.,  p.  536.  Pitt's  hair  rises  on  his  head, 
and  his  face  is  blotched  with  drink.  After  the  title  is  etched : 
"Thus  on  the  Rocky  heroic  Manlius  stood^ 
"Spy^d  out  the  Geese ^  &  proved  Rome's  guardian  God. 

Probably  a  satire  on  the  calling  out  of  part  of  the  militia  by  procla- 
mation on  I  Dec,  partly  in  order  to  repress  riots;  the  news  from  Scotland 
and  from  Ireland  was  alarming.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  pp.  77-8. 
Cf.  the  debate  of  13  Dec.  when  Fox  said  (ironically):  *An  insurrection! 
Where  is  it? .  .  .  Good  God!  an  insurrection  in  Great  Britain!  No  wonder 
that  the  militia  were  called  out.  .  .  .'  Pari.  Hist.  xxx.  14.  Grose  gives 
*  Bothered,  or  both-eared.  Talked  to  at  both  ears  by  different  persons  at 
the  same  time,  confounded,  confused'.  Diet.  Vulg.  Tongue,  1796.  The 
O.E.D.  gives  the  verb  to  bother  (Anglo-Irish)  =  to  bewilder  with  noise 
(171 8).  For  the  reform  clubs  and  associations  and  their  addresses  to 
France  see  Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii.  128*  ff.  See  also  P.  A.  Brown,  The 
French  Rev.  and  English  Hist.  89  ff.,  131  ff.  Gillray  anticipates  the  verdict 
of  history  in  his  attitude  to  Pitt's  fears  of  sedition,  cf.  No.  8095.  For 
subsidized  prints,  cf.  No.  8149,  &c. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  153-4.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  93.    Reprinted, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
iif  X14J  in. 

8142  A  RIGHT.HONORARLE  ALIAS  A  SANS  CULOTTE 
IC  [Cniikshank.] 

London  Pub:  Dec''  20  iyg2  by  S  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  who  has  again 
opened  his  Exhibition  Room  to  which  he  has  added  several  Hundred 
Old  &  new  Subject[s] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  stands  full  face,  bisected  by  a 
vertical  line  from  the  centre  of  his  forehead :  on  the  (spectator's)  1.  he  is  a 
ragged  Frenchman,  holding  up  in  his  r.  hand  a  knotted  bludgeon  and  sing- 
ing Ca  Ira,  Ca  Ira,  Ca  Ira.  On  the  r.  he  is  a  neatly  dressed  Englishman, 
singing  God  Save  Great  George  our  King  and  holding  out  a  document 
inscribed  Association  against  Levellers  S^  Georg^^  Hanover  Square.  The 
French  half  wears  under  his  ragged  coat  a  torn  striped  tricolour  vest,  with 
a  belt  in  which  a  pistol  is  thrust.  His  eye  glares  fiercely,  his  mouth  is 
drawn  down,  his  hair  is  tousled.  The  English  half  of  his  face  smiles,  and 
he  wears  neatly  powdered  hair.  His  feet  are  planted  on  opposite  sides  of 
a  piece  of  water  between  two  cliffs,  representing  the  Straits  of  Dover. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched : 

How  happy  could  I  be  tvith  Either 

Were  I  but  the  Chief  of  the  Throng. 

But  Da — n  it  as  I  can  get  Niether 

ril  take  either  part  of  the  Song 
One  of  many  prints  of  Fox  as  a  friend  of  French  revolutionaries,  cf. 
Nos.  7861,  7889,  7892,  7894,  8082,  8147.   The  occasion  is  probably  his 

940 


/  POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

motion  on  15  Dec.  to  send  a  Minister  to  treat  with  the  French  Govern- 
ment. Pari.  Hist.  xxx.  80  fF.  For  the  conditions  on  which  he  would  have 
accepted  office  see  Malmesbury,  Diaries  and  Corr.  ii.  459,  462,  466  ff.,  and 
of.  Nos.  8139,  8144.  He  had,  of  course,  no  sympathy  with  the  Association 
against  Levellers  (see  No.  8138),  though  he  was  opposed  to  the  radical 
clubs.  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War^  p.  168.  Cf.  Political  Memoranda  of 
the  Duke  of  Leeds ^  ed.  O.  Browning,  p.  195. 

Reproduced,  E.  Lascelles,  Life  of  Charles  James  Fox,  1936,  p.  246. 
I2|xii|in. 


8143  THE  GENIUS  OF  FRANCE  EXTIRPATING  DESPOTISM 
TYRANNY  &  OPPRESSION  FROM  THE  FACE  OF  THE  EARTH 
OR  THE  ROYAL  WARRIORS  DEFEATED 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Bed''  21  iyg2  hy  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Genius  of  France  is  a  comely  young 
woman  wearing  a  Phrygian  cap  who  stands  on  the  extreme  r.,  stopping 
the  advance  of  an  ass  on  which  princes  of  Europe  are  seated ;  she  threatens 
them  with  a  scourge  of  many  lashes,  saying,  /  am  Determined  to  Inflict  Death 
on  all  Despots  &  Oppressors.  The  lashes  are  inscribed :  Religious  Bigots, 
Aristocrats  who  screened  hy  their  unjust  Privileges  rob  Tradesmen  of  their 
Property  y  Monopolizer  of  Provisions  to  Distress  the  Poor,  Perverters  of  Public 
Justice,  Oppressers  of  the  People,  The  Increase  of  Tyranny,  The  Stretch  of 
Prerogative,  The  Abuse  of  Power,  Despotism. 

The  ass  is  being  pushed  down  on  its  haunches;  under  its  feet  lies 
Louis  XVI,  into  whose  mouth  it  is  excreting;  he  is  inscribed  France,  On 
the  animal's  back  are  figures  representing  Prussia,  Germany,  Russia, 
Sweeden,  and  Brunswick.  The  foremost  is  Frederick  William  II  with  a 
raised  club,  behind  him  sits  Francis  II,  with  half  his  crown  broken  off. 
On  his  shoulders,  and  dominating  the  group,  sits  the  termagant  Catherine, 
raising  her  sceptre  to  smite  France,  and  almost  throttling  the  Emperor, 
who  says.  Let  go  you  Bitch  I  d^ont  like  the  Looks  of  her  let's  be  Off.  Behind 
the  Empress  is  the  King  of  Sweden  (actually  a  boy  of  fourteen),  who  clutches 
her  legs,  saying,  This  Business  Stinks  Cursedly.  Behind  him  the  Duke  of 
Brunswick  falls  backwards  to  the  ground,  saying,  Ive  lost  my  Place.  In  the 
middle  distance  (1.)  another  ass  plunges  violently,  heels  in  air :  the  Sultan  of 
Turkey,  waving  a  sabre,  keeps  his  seat,  but  says,  /  shall  never  get  back  to 
the  Seraglio  again.  The  Emperor  of  China  falls  headlong ;  Spain  clings  to 
Turkey.  Three  unidentified  sovereigns  are  falling  from  the  ass,  their 
crowns  flying  from  their  heads.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  a  woman,  inscribed 
Portugal,  sits  on  the  ground,  holding  her  crown,  and  tearing  her  dis- 
hevelled hair.  (Maria  I  of  Portugal  was  insane.) 

A  satire  on  the  reverses  of  the  allies.  The  French  under  Custine  had 
occupied  Spires,  Worms,  and  Mayence  (Sept.-Oct.).  Savoy  was  invaded 
in  Sept.  and  on  27  Nov.  was  declared  incorporated  with  France.  Nice  was 
occupied  on  28  Sept.  For  the  defeat  of  Brunswick  see  No.  8125,  &c. 
Jemappes,  6  Nov.,  was  followed  by  the  occupation  of  Brussels.  The  print 
has  little  relation  to  the  actual  situation,  but  is  favourable  to  the  French 
Republic.  For  the  leading  part  given  to  Catherine  II  cf.  No.  8124. 
9|Xi4jin. 

941 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8144  THE  BATTLE  OF  THE  CLUBS  OR  THE  GAME  OF  BEAT 
KNAVE  OUT  OF  DOORS 

J5/ [Bayers.] 

Pu¥  by  Tho'  Cornell  Bruton  Street  21  Dec""  iyg2 

Aquatint.  Within  a  handsome  room,  whose  roof  is  supported  by  Corinthian 
columns,  is  a  medley  of  playing-cards :  the  whole  suit  of  clubs  headed  by 
the  king  and  queen.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  the  knave  (Fox),  who  is  being 
kicked  out  of  the  door  by  the  toe  of  the  king  which  protrudes  beyond  the 
lower  r.  corner  of  the  card.  Fox  looks  alarmed,  saying.  Now  I  must  associate. 
The  queen  holds  a  shield  on  which  are  the  arms  of  the  City  of  London. 
A  banner  emerging  from  the  cards  is  inscribed:  Associations  for  preserving 
Liberty  &  Property  against  Republicans  &  Levellers.  Above  the  door  (r.) 
is  a  picture :  Plan  of  a  new  Constitution ;  a  house  of  cards  is  being  demolished 
by  a  blast  inscribed  Loyalty  which  issues  from  a  head  in  the  upper  1.  corner ; 
the  topmost  (but  dislodged)  card  is  the  knave  of  clubs. 

On  the  extreme  1.  are  two  rats:  one  holds  up  a  card,  a  ten  of  (mixed)  clubs, 
diamonds,  hearts,  and  spades ;  he  says.  Association  of  the  Dissenters  (the 
initial  word  loyal  has  been  scored  through).  The  other  rat  watches  him, 
saying.  As  the  Cards  are  against  us  we  had  better  join  the  Clubs.  Beneath  the 
title  is  etched:  NB  This  Game  should  be  play'd  with  all  the  Knaves  of  the 
Pack. 

At  the  end  of  1792  there  were  many  associations  in  support  of  the  con- 
stitution and  in  opposition  to  the  radical  clubs,  the  leading  one  being  the 
*  Association  for  protecting  Liberty  and  Property  . .  .\  known  as  the  Crown 
and  Anchor  Association,  see  No.  8138,  &c.  Fox  held  aloof  from  the  radical 
societies,  including  the  Society  of  the  Friends  of  the  People,  see  No. 
8087,  &c.,  but  was  left  by  the  greater  part  of  the  whigs,  who  supported  Pitt. 
For  the  clubs  see  Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii.  128*  fF.  For  Fox*s  position  see  Life 
and  Letters  of  Sir  G.  Elliot,  ii.  50  ff.,  80  ff.  Russell,  Corr.  of  C.  J.  Fox, 
iii.  20  ff.,  and  cf.  Nos.  8139,  8142.  For  Fox  as  the  Knave  of  Clubs  see 
No.  6488,  &c. 

According  to  a  note  on  an  impression  in  the  Royal  Collection  at  Windsor 
this  print  was  not  published. 
74X9iin. 

8144a  An  impression  before  aquatinting  in  which  the  ace  of  clubs  is 
decorated  with  a  crown  and  anchor,  afterwards  erased,  to  indicate  the 
Crown  and  Anchor  Association.    Fox's  words  are  omitted. 

8145  FRENCH  LIBERTY. 
BRITISH  SLAVERY. 

J^  Qy  des^  et  fed  pro  bono  publico — 

London.  Pu¥  December  21^  1792,  by  H  Humphrey  N°  18  Old  Bond 
Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  design  in  two  compartments.  On  the 
1.  a  lean  and  ragged  sansculotte,  seated  on  a  stool  before  a  few  sticks  which 
burn  on  an  open  hearth  (r.),  is  ravenously  eating  raw  onions,  while  he 
warms  his  bare  toes  at  the  fire.  His  finger-  and  toe-nails  are  long  talons. 
He  wears  a  bonnet  rouge  with  a  tricolour  cockade,  a  long  queue  of  unkempt 

942 


POLITICAL   SATIRES    1792 

hair  is  tied  with  a  ribbon.  From  his  pocket  issue  strips  of  paper  inscribed 
4  SouSf  3  S Otis  J  and  Assignats.  He  says :  O  Sacre  Dieu! — vat  blessing  be  de 
Liberie  vive  le  Assemble  Nationale! — no  more  Tax!  no  more  Slavery! — all 
Free  Citizen!  ha  hah!  by  Gar^  how  ve  live! — ve  svim  in  de  Milk  &  Honey! 
Beside  him  on  the  ground  (1.)  a  sword  lies  across  a  fiddle.  Over  the  fire- 
place is  a  confused  map  inscribed  Map  of  the  French  Conquests.  Behind 
him  (1.)  on  a  rough  table  is  a  chamber-pot  filled  with  snails.  The  room  is 
poverty-stricken  with  a  broken  casement  window  and  a  wall  whose  dilapi- 
dated plaster  shows  bricks. 

On  the  r.  an  immensely  fat  Englishman,  whose  gross  appearance  denotes 
the  *cit',  is  seated  in  an  armchair  at  a  circular  table,  carving  a  large  joint 
of  beef,  which  is  flanked  by  a  foaming  tankard  and  a  decanter  of  Hocii.  The 
table-cloth  is  tied  round  his  thick  neck.  His  bloated  face  is  blotched  with 
drink,  and  he  wears  shoes  slashed  to  relieve  his  gouty  feet.  He  is  plainly 
dressed  and  his  wig  hangs  on  the  arm  of  his  chair.  He  says :  Ah!  this  cursed 
Ministry!  they'll  ruin  us,  with  their  damn'd  Taxes!  why.  Zounds! — they're 
making  Slaves  of  us  all,  &  Starving  us  to  Death!  On  a  bracket  on  the  wall 
is  a  statuette  of  Britannia,  holding  a  spear  and  (in  place  of  her  shield)  a 
large  sack  of  Sterling.  The  luxury  of  the  room  is  indicated  by  the  arm- 
chair and  a  carpet. 

At  this  date,  despite  the  ironical  map  of  'French  conquests',  the  French 
had  occupied  Brussels  (14  Nov.)  and  incorporated  Savoy  (27  Nov.),  see 
No.  8143.  For  the  progressive  depreciation  of  assignats  sec  Camb.  Mod. 
Hist.  viii.  709,  and  cf.  No.  8150.  The  starving  Frenchman  contrasted  with 
the  well-fed  Englishman  was  a  familiar  subject  with  Gillray,  cf.  No. 
5612,  &c. 

The  fat  Englishman,  interrupted  in  carving  his  beef,  is  copied  in  a  French 
print,  Le  Neuf  Thermidor  ou  la  surprise  Angloise,  etched  by  J.  B.  Louvion, 
dated  Fructidor  Van  3^.  Blum,  No.  606;  Challamel,  ii.  49  (small  copy). 
See  Vol.  vii. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  154.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  94.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.^ 
1830.   Reproduced,  Fuchs,  p.  249. 
9jXi3iin. 

8146  WHA  WANTS  ME 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  Dec''  26  iyg2  by  S  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Paine  stands  full  face,  looking  to  the  1. 
and  smiling.  He  holds  out  his  r.  arm,  holding  a  pen  and  a  long  scroll;  in 
his  1.  hand  is  a  dagger.  On  his  back  is  a  large  bundle  of  weapons,  shackles, 
and  instruments  of  torture.  He  smiles  slyly,  his  face  is  blotched  with 
drink.  He  is  neatly  and  plainly  dressed;  from  his  button-hole  hangs  an 
exciseman's  ink-bottle,  inscribed  Gall.  His  head  is  irradiated,  with  words 
inscribed  between  the  rays:  Cruelty,  Equality  Madness,  Anarchy  Murder, 
Treason,  Rebellion,  Perjury,  Atheism,  Misery,  Famine,  National  &  Private 
Ruin,  Ingratitude  Idleness,  Treachery,  Injustice.  His  scroll  is  inscribed: 
Rights  of  Man  [see  No.  7867,  &c.] — Common  Nonsense — Equality  of 
Property  &c.  &c.  He  tramples  on  scrolls  inscribed:  Loyalty,  Magna 
Charta,  National  Prosperity,  Religion,  Protection  Property,  Obedience  to  the 
Laws,  Morality,  happiness,  Industry,  Personal  Security,  Inheritance,  Justice. 
Beneath  the  title  is  etched :  /  am  Ready  &  Willing  to  offer  my  Services  to 

943 


CATALOGUE  OF  POLITICAL  AND  PERSONAL  SATIRES 

any  Nation  or  People  under  heaven  who  are  Desirous  of  Liberty  &  Equality 
Vide  Paines  Letter  to  the  Convention. 

A  letter  of  Paine  to  the  Convention,  dated  Taris,  Sept.  25.  i^^  Year  of 
the  Republic',  was  published  in  the  English  newspapers,  in  which  he  told 
his  *fellow-citizens',  *I  come  not  to  enjoy  repose.  Convinced  that  the  cause 
of  France  is  the  cause  of  all  mankind  ...  I  gladly  share  with  you  the 
dangers  and  honours  necessary  to  success.  ...  It  has  been  my  fate  to  have 
borne  a  share  in  the  commencement  and  complete  establishment  of  one 
revolution . . .  [by  Common  Sense j  &c.] . . .  the  despots  of  the  earth . . .  know 
not  what  it  is  to  fight  against  a  nation.  .  .  .  Every  nation  is  becoming  her 
colleague,  and  every  Court  is  become  her  enemy*.  London  Chronicle^ 
13  Oct.  1792.  On  17  and  18  Dec.  Paine  was  burnt  in  effigy  by  the  troops 
in  Dorchester,  Weymouth,  Poole,  Trowbridge,  &c.,  and  on  19  Dec.  effigies 
of  Paine  and  Priestley  were  burnt  at  Colchester.  The  Worlds  21  Dec.  1792. 
See  also  Conway,  Life  of  Paine ^  ii.  370  f.  For  Paine 's  trial  see  No.  8137. 
The  title  derives  from  an  Edinburgh  character,  and  was  first  applied  to 
Dundas,  see  No.  8103. 
I3jxii|in. 

8146  A  An  altered  version  of  No.  8146.  Paine's  head  is  turned  in  profile 
to  the  1.,  with  a  sly  smile.  The  bundle  of  weapons,  &c.,  on  his  back  is 
inscribed  Levelling  Instruments.  The  imprint  continues:  who  has  again 
opened  his  Caracature  Exhibition  Room  to  which  he  has  recently  added  several 
Hundred  new  &  old  Subjects  admit  J*. 

8147  THE  DAGGER  SCENE ;— OR— THE  PLOT  DISCOVERED. 
J"  Gy  d"*  etfpro  bono  publico— 

Pu¥  Decf  3&^  iyg2.  by  H.  Humphrey  N,  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  caricature  of  the  famous  scene  in  the 
House  of  Commons  on  28  Dec.  1792.  Burke  (r.)  stands  in  profile  to  the  I., 
his  hands  extended,  having  just  thrown  down  the  dagger,  which  lies  at  his 
feet;  he  looks  with  a  contemptuous  frown  at  Pitt  and  Dundas,  who  are 
seated  on  the  Treasury  Bench  (1.).  On  the  extreme  1.  the  Speaker  is  repre- 
sented by  his  hat,  wig,  and  gown;  his  headlessness  perhaps  indicates 
Gillray's  opinion  of  Addington.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  table  Fox 
clutches  his  hat,  looking  at  Burke  out  of  the  corners  of  his  eyes  with  an 
alarmed  expression;  Sheridan,  equally  alarmed,  clutches  Fox's  shoulder; 
behind  them  sits  M.  A.  Taylor,  clasping  his  hands.  Burke,  whose  corpu- 
lence and  a  bag-wig  suggest  that  he  is  now  drawing  funds  from  the 
Treasury,  says:  There!  that  is  what  you  are  to  gain  by  an  alliance  with 
France! — such  are  the  Instruments  with  which  they  have  determined  the 
destruction  of  the  Human  race! — Three  Thousand  such  Daggers  are  now  manu- 
facturing for  this  Country! — for  where  Frerwh  principles  are  introduced^  you 
must  prepare  your  hearts  for  French  Daggers! — Nineteen  Assassins  are  already 
herCf  who  aided  &  abbetted  by  wretches  who  do  not  believe  in  a  Cody  are  pre- 
paring to  scour  the  filth  from  your  Streets  with  the  Blood  of  all  who  are 
Virtuous  &  Honorable!! 

Pitt,  seated  in  profile  to  the  r.,  very  thin,  with  his  hair  rising  on  his  head 
in  terror,  says.  The  blood  of  the  Virtuous  &  Honorable  ?  then  Lord  have  mercy 
upon  Me!  Dundas,  wearing  a  tartan  plaid,  adds,  equally  terrified.  And  upon 
Me!  Fox  says  Confusion! — one  of  Our  daggers^  by  all  thats  bloody!  how  the 

944 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

devil  did  he  come  by  that  ? — ha!  what 's  that  ?  Nineteen  Assassins  ? — O  damna- 
tion!— we're  found  out  &  all  our  schemes  ruin' d  for  ever!!!  Sheridan  says: 
O  Charley,  Charley!— farewell  to  all  our  hopes  of  Levelling  Monarchs! — 
farewell  to  all  our  hopes  of  paying  off  my  debts  by  a  general  Bankruptcy! — 
farewell  to  all  hopes  of  plunder! — in  a  moment  of  Victory  we're  trap'd  & 
undone!!! 

Burke's  words  are  based  on  his  speech  on  the  Alien  Bill,  in  answer  to 
one  by  Fox  opposing  the  Bill,  when  he  'mentioned  the  circumstance  of 
three  thousand  daggers  having  been  bespoke  at  Birmingham.  ...  It  is  my 
object  to  keep  the  French  infection  from  this  country ;  their  principles  from 
our  minds,  and  their  daggers  from  our  hearts'.  Pari.  Hist.  xxx.  189.  For 
the  order  of  20,000  daggers  by  a  Dr.  Maxwell,  of  dimensions  which  tally 
with  those  of  the  dagger  thrown  down  melodramatically  by  Burke,  see 
Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War,  p.  64.  Bland-Burges  Papers,  pp.  203-4; 
Twiss,  Life  of  Lord  Eldon,  i.  217-18.  Cf.  No.  8131.  See  also  No.  8148. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.  155  (reproduction,  p.  154).  Wright  and  Evans,  No. 
96.  Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830.  Reproduced,  Social  England,  ed.  Traill, 
1905,  p.  669. 

8148  THE  DAGGER  DRAWING  ORATOR.  [c.  30  Dec.  1792] 

Engraving.  Probably  from  a  magazine.  Fox  (1.)  and  Burke  (r.)  stand  facing 
each  other  on  the  floor  of  the  House  of  Commons.  Burke  threatens  Fox 
with  a  dagger;  in  his  1.  hand  he  holds  An  Act .  .  ,  Aliens',  he  tramples  on  a 
paper  inscribed  Rights  of  Man  (Paine 's  answer  to  his  'Reflections',  see 
No.  7867,  &c.).  Fox  staggers  back  in  terror.  Between  and  behind  them  is 
the  Speaker  in  his  chair,  and  one  of  the  clerks  seated  behind  the  table.  On 
each  side  members  watch  the  scene ;  those  behind  Fox  are  terrified,  those 
behind  Burke  seem  complacent. 

For  the  famous  dagger  scene  see  No.  8147.   The  Alien  Bill  was  intro- 
duced into  the  House  of  Lords  21  Dec.  1792. 
5/gX7iin. 

8149  THE  CONTRAST 

1792  [Dec.  1792] 

[Rowlandson  after  Lord  George  Murray.] 
Plain  3^  Coloured  6 

Engraving.  Two  medallions  placed  side  by  side  illustrate  British  Liberty 
and  French  Liberty,  these  titles  being  inscribed  on  the  borders  of  the 
medallions,  [i]  Britannia  seated  in  profile  to  the  r.  under  an  oak  with  her 
shield  and  the  staff"  and  cap  of  Liberty;  in  her  r.  hand  is  Magna  Charta, 
in  her  1.  she  holds  out  the  scales  of  Justice.  The  British  lion  crouches  at 
her  feet.  Behind  (r.)  is  the  sea  with  a  ship  in  full  sail.  [2]  A  ragged  Fury 
runs  forward  in  profile  to  the  1.,  trampling  on  a  decapitated  body;  in  her  r. 
hand  is  a  trident  on  which  is  a  bleeding  head  flanked  by  two  hearts.  In  her 
1.  hand  is  a  long  dagger.  Writhing  serpents  form  her  hair  and  her  girdle. 
Behind  (r.)  a  body  hangs  from  a  lamp-bracket. 

Beneath  each  medallion  is  an  inscription  in  large  letters:  Religion. 
Morality.  Loyalty  Obedience  to  the  Laws  Independance  Personal  Security 

945  3P 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

Justice  Inheritance  Protection  Property.  Industry.  National  Prosperity 
Happiness. 

Atheism  Periury  Rebellion.  Treason.  Anarchy  Murder  Equality.  Madness. 
Cruelty.  Injustice  Treachery  Ingratitude  Idleness  Famine  National  &'  Private 
Ruin.  Misery 

WHICH  IS  BEST? 

Endorsed  by  Miss  Banks :  'Designed  by  Lord  George  Murray.  Sent  by 
Him  to  The  Crown  &  Anchor  from  whence  they  have  been  distributed. 
&  Likewise  sold  by  M"  Humphrey  in  Bond  Street.'  The  Crown  and 
Anchor  Tavern  was  the  head-quarters  of  the  Association  for  protecting 
Liberty  and  Property  against  republicans  and  levellers,  commonly  known 
as  the  Crown  and  Anchor  Society,  see  No.  8138,  &c.  For  the  price  cf. 
Nos.  8141,  8150. 

Another  impression  (coloured) :  Price  Plain  6^  Coloured  J**. 

Another  impression  with  the  addition  of  commas  and  hyphens  to  the 
inscription. 

A  copy  was  issued,  i  Jan.  1793,  see  Vol.  vii.  Cf.  Challamel,  ii.  299; 
Blum,  No.  607. 

Grego,  Rowlandsony  i.  317-18. 
13IX  14!  in.  (pL).  Diam.  c.  6J  in. 

8149  A  A  small  woodcut  copy  with  the  same  title  and  inscriptions,  but 
with  the  circles  altered  into  ovals,  was  used  as  a  heading  to  a  loyal  song,  Tlie 
New  Hearts  of  Oak. 

Ovals,  2jx  I J  in.   Broadside,  isJX4i  in.  B.M.L.  648.  c.  26/28. 

8150  PHILOSOPHY  RUN  MAD  OR  A  STUPENDOUS  MONU- 
MENT OF  HUMAN  WISDOM.  [c.  Dec.  1792] 

GLS.  [Rowlandson  f.] 

Plain  6^  Coloured  1^  Price  6^ 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  central  monument 
[i]  representing  the  French  Republic  is  flanked  by  figures  on  pedestals 
inscribed  [2]  Liberty  and  [3]  Equality,  [i]  A  stout  and  frantic  man  rises 
from  a  tottering  armchair  which  is  poised  on  a  pile  of  fragments  of  columns 
inscribed  Humanity ^  Social  Happiness ^  Tranquilly  [sic],  Security,  Domestic 
PeacCy  LawSy  Urbanity,  Order,  Religion.  On  the  back  of  his  chair  are  the 
words  Republic  of  Paris,  the  word  France  having  been  scored  through ; 
beneath  is  a  serpent.  He  shrieks  Ca  ira,  and  holds  a  print  inscribed 
Religious  Indifference,  on  which  a  bishop  and  a  monk  burn  at  the  stake. 
From  behind  him  leans  a  nude  and  ugly  man,  with  small  wings,  holding 
out  to  the  1.  a  cornucopia  from  which  issue  six  papers  inscribed  Assignat 
(cf.  No.  8145).  Above  his  head  is  the  word  Plenty.  Four  famished  and 
grotesque  heads,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  in  the  upper  1.  corner  of  the  design, 
lean  avidly  towards  the  assignats. 

[2]  On  the  1.  an  arrogant  embodiment  of  Liberty  stands  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  one  foot  resting  on  two  volumes  inscribed  Law.  He  is  a  ragged  soldier 
with  bare  legs,  1.  hand  on  hip ;  in  his  r.  hand  he  holds  a  dagger  on  which  is 

spiked  a  bleeding  head.   He  says.  Ah  Ca!  f u  Convention.  At  his  feet, 

and  on  the  extreme  1.,  five  men  kneel  abjectly,  raising  their  hands  in 
supplication ;  the  man  in  the  foreground  wears  a  legal  wig. 

946 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

[3]  On  the  r.  Equality  is  symbolized  by  a  well-dressed  man  grovelling 
on  his  hands  and  knees,  while  a  burly,  ragged,  and  half-naked  ruffian  stands 
on  his  back  threatening  him  with  a  club.  Beside  them  (r.)  is  a  pictorial 
banner  inscribed  Humanity :  a  grinning  virago  kneels  on  the  body  of  a  naked 
and  mutilated  man,  a  dagger  in  her  r.  hand;  she  holds  up  the  bleeding 
heart  of  her  victim.  Above  this  group  stands  a  soldier  in  profile  to  the  r., 
blowing  from  a  trumpet  the  words  Peace  of  Europe  Established.  He  holds 
a  match  to  the  touch-hole  of  a  mortar,  inscribed  Abolition  of  Offensive  War^ 
which  is  emitting  cannon-balls ;  behind  is  a  fortification  inscribed  Geneva. 
He  is  inscribed  Peace,  and  is  a  pendant  to  Plenty. 

A  satire  on  the  aggressive  foreign  policy  of  the  Girondins:  the  Con- 
vention recalled  Montesquiou  for  his  truce  of  23  Oct.  with  the  Republic 
of  Geneva,  accusing  him  of  intriguing  with  the  enemies  of  his  country. 
Sorel,  L'Europe  et  la  Rev.  franfaise,  iii.  122-7,  ^97  ^'  For  French  designs 
on  Geneva  see  d'lvernois,  Des  Revolutions  de  France  et  de  Geneve ,  Londres, 
1795,  pp.  5  ff.;  Gibbon,  Corr.  1896,  ii.  325,  331  if.  On  15  Dec.  the  Con- 
vention made  the  famous  decree  that  all  countries  where  its  armies  should 
come  were  to  be  revolutionized,  no  institutions  alien  to  the  principles  of 
Libert,  Equality,  and  Fraternity  were  to  be  recognized.  See  No.  8136,  &c. 
The  title  echoes  Fox's  praise  of  the  French  constitution,  cf.  No.  7856. 

The  low  price,  like  that  of  Nos.  8149,  8152,  shows  that  the  print  was 
issued  as  propaganda. 
9  J  X  14  in. 

8150a  a  woodcut  copy  of  group  [3],  ironically  symbolizing  Equality  and 
Peace,  decorates  the  title-page  of  The  Anti- Levelling  Songster,  i  Nov.  1793 
(copy  in  Print  Room).  The  same  woodcut  is  a  heading  to  two  loyal  ballads, 
A  Word  or  two  of  Truth,  and  A  New  Song,  Tune:  'O  the  golden  Days  of 
good  Queen  Bess.'  B.M.L.  638,  c.  26/62,  63. 

A  copy  (reversed)  of  No.  8150  with  French  title  and  inscriptions, 
literally  translated,  is  PI.  G,  Jaime,  ii.  This  was  published  (1838)  to 
illustrate  the  unfairness  of  English  comment  on  the  Revolution. 

8151  CONVENTION  OF  ASSES  OR  SPIRIT  OF  DEMOCRACY. 
I.K.  Fecit  iyg2  [Kay] 

Engraving.  Asses  stand  facing  each  other  (1.  and  r.),  three  deep  as  if  on 
opposite  sides  of  a  hall.  An  ass  standing  between  them,  facing  the  spectator, 
acts  as  chairman,  another  in  back  view  faces  him  from  the  opposite  end. 
The  chairman-ass  says  Speak  but  three  at  a  time;  his  vis-a-vis  says  Kick 
them  from  their  Studs.  An  ass  (1.)  brays  Liberty  &  more  Corn,  the  one 
opposite  him  (r.)  brays  Constitutional  opposition.  They  are  in  a  field. 
Behind  (1.)  is  the  corner  of  a  small  building  with  a  signboard :  Entertainment 
for  Men  &  Horses.  Opposite  to  it  (r.)  is  a  thatched  cottage. 

This  illustrates  satirical  verses  (or  possibly  the  verses  were  inspired  by 
the  print) :  The  Rights  of  Asses,  1793,  a  small  twopenny  chap-book  ridiculing 
the  Convention  of  Delegates  from  the  Societies  of  the  Friends  of  the  People 
throughout  Scotland  which  met  in  Edinburgh  on  11  Dec.  1792.  (Paton 
gives  date  of  publication  1792  and  attributes  it  to  William  Wilkie,  an  Edin- 
burgh tailor.)  An  ass  says  (pp.  9-10): 

The  former  Speaker  speaks  of  Brunswick 

But  who  for  him  now  cares  a  broom-stick. 

My  friends,  ye  plainly  see  that  he's 

An  Ass  that's  dup'd  by  refugees, 

947 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

They  agree,  nem.  con.,  to  maintain  the  Rights  of  Asses.  (B.M.L.  11643, 
a.  51.)  For  the  actual  proceedings  of  the  Convention,  which  caused  con- 
siderable alarm  to  the  Government,  see  Rose,  Pitt  and  the  Great  War^ 
pp.  173-4;  Meikle,  Scotland  and  the  French  Revolution,  1912,  pp.  105  ff. 

Collection,  No.  155.   Kay,  No.  cccxlix,  and  p.  480. 
416X34  in. 

8152  PAIN  SIN  AND  THE  DEVIL 
TRES  JUNCTI  IN  UNO. 

Published  by  J.  Aitkin,  Castle  Street,  Leicester  Fields,    Price  Two- 
Pence  each  or  Twelve  Shillings  and  Six-Pence  per  Hundred. 

Engraving.  Heading  to  a  broadside:  'Intercepted  Correspondence  from 
Satan  to  Citizen  Paine.'  A  monster  with  the  body  of  a  dog  squats  full  face ; 
it  has  three  heads,  the  centre  one,  quasi-human  with  horns,  representing 
the  Devil,  the  others,  in  profile  to  the  r.  and  1.,  are  portraits  of  Paine  (1.), 
emitting  a  blast  inscribed  Rights  of  Man  (see  No.  7867,  &c.),  and  (r.)  of 
Erskine  (who  defended  him),  emitting  a  blast  inscribed  Sedition.  Above 
the  creature's  horns  are  crossed  daggers  inscribed  Ca  ira.  Imprint  printed 
below  the  text. 

A  satire  on  Paine's  trial,  see  No.  8137,  &c. ;  a  letter  signed  'Satan'  has 
the  postscript:  'We  have  lost  our  Cause  in  the  Courts  of  Justice,  Thomas, 
but  we  hsive  gained  an  Advocate.'  For  the  daggers  cf.  No.  8147.  The  price 
shows  that  it  was  issued  as  propaganda,  cf.  Nos.  8149,  8150. 
6X7i  in.  (pi.).   Broadside,  15!  X7f  in. 

8153  A  SHOT  AT  A  COCK;  OR,  AN  ALARM  OF  ASSASSINATION 
R^  N.  del  [Nevi^on.] 

London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland  50  Oxford  S^  iyg2 

Engraving.  The  King  and  Queen  have  been  riding  on  the  same  horse, 
which  is  running  away  (r.) ;  the  King  has  fallen  to  the  ground  and  lies  on 
his  back,  the  Queen  is  slipping  from  the  saddle.  The  disaster  has  been 
caused  by  a  man  on  the  farther  side  of  a  low  fence  who  is  firing  (past  the 
Queen's  head)  at  a  weathercock  on  the  gable-end  of  a  barn  (r.).  The  King 
says,  KilVd!  kilVd!  kilVd!  all  over  Charley!  run  home  and  take  care  of  the 
money,  or  it  will  all  go  in  the  scramble.  She  says.  Oh!  my  Husband;  my  dear 
children!  my  dear  People  that  I  always  fed  and  cloath'd  out  of  my  own  pocket! 
Oh,  my  Money!  my  Money!  [the  last  five  words  in  large  letters].  A  rider 
partly  visible  on  the  extreme  1.,  probably  an  equerry,  says,  By  all  that's 
unlucky  our  great  Cock  is  knocked  off  the  perch.  By  the  head  of  the  King's 
horse  and  on  the  extreme  r.  is  a  milestone :  ///  Miles  to  Windsor. 
For  the  supposed  avarice  of  the  King  and  Queen  see  No.  7836,  &c. 

lolxisi  in. 

81 54  INSIDE  VIEW  OF  AN  ENGLISH  PRIME  MINISTERS  WORK- 
SHOP. [1792] 

To  face  p.  27  Freemans  Budget 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Frontispiece  from  The  New  Plain  Dealer 
or  Freeman's  Budgets  No.  i.  [n.d.].  Under  a  draped  curtain  are  five  shelves 

948 


POLITICAL    SATIRES    1792 

on  which  are  ranged  coronets,  &c.  Below  these  are  documents,  the  insignia 
of  the  Garter  and  of  the  Bath,  a  judge's  wig,  and  a  patent  signed  G.R  with 
a  pendent  seal.  On  the  highest  shelf  are  two  mitres  and  three  ducal 
coronets.  On  the  next  shelf  five  marquises*  coronets,  and  on  the  three  lower 
shelves  seven  coronets  of  an  earl,  a  viscount,  and  a  baron  respectively. 

Illustration  to  a  table  (pp.  27-42)  of  the  creations  of  English  peers 
during  the  reign  of  George  III  up  to  1790,  total  loi,  to  show  (p.  27) :  'The 
increased  and  present  increasing  influence  of  the  Crown  over  Parliament, 
is  occasioned  by  an  abuse  of  the  exercise  of  the  King's  Prerogative ;  packing 
the  Upper  House  with  men  of  the  most  considerable  borough-interest, 
from  the  Lower  House,  and  placing  in  their  seats  their  sons,  relations,  or 
other  dependants.'  (B.M.L.,  P.P.  3557.  rh.)  For  Pitt  and  peerages  cf. 
No,  6631,  &c.  'Prime  Minister'  here  implies  an  autocrat  unknown  to  the 
constitution. 
6X3fin. 


949 


1792 
PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES 

8155  THE  PACIFIC  ENTRANCE  OF  EARL-WOLF,  INTO  BLACK- 
HAVEN. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥Jany  20^^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  i8.  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Lonsdale  with  the  head  of  a  wolf 
sits  in  his  carriage,  from  which  the  horses  have  been  taken,  and  is  drawn 
(1.  to  r.)  by  men  past  a  row  of  two-storied  cottages  which  are  falling  to 
pieces.  He  wears  an  earl's  coronet,  and  a  military  coat  with  a  shirt  frill; 
from  his  rapacious  mouth  issue  the  words  Dear  Gentlemen  this  is  too  much, 
now  you  really  distress  me.  A  large  earl's  coronet  is  on  the  carriage  door. 
A  hind  wheel  rolls  over  an  open  book,  Peter  Pindar.  A  stout  fierce-looking 
man  wearing  a  legal  wig  sits  on  the  box,  raising  a  whip  whose  lashes  are 
three  scrolls  inscribed  (in  legal  blackletter),  Littledale  versus  Lonsdale, 
Indemnifications,  and  Sham  Trials.  He  holds  a  bunch  of  reins  attached  to 
the  necks  of  the  men  dragging  the  carriage,  on  whose  faces  are  fixed,  propi- 
tiatory grins.  From  his^pockets  issue  a  volume  inscribed  Blackstone,  and 
a  paper:  Bills  unpaid;  he  is  Lonsdale's  'clerk  and  attorney',  see  No.  8156. 
Two  of  the  men  whom  he  drives  say :  No  Ropes  equal  to  mine,  at  a  dead  pull 
and  A  glorious  night  for  my  Brewery.  Another  man  is  in  rags.  In  front  of 
the  procession  and  on  the  extreme  r.  walk  two  couples  holding  hands. 
These  carry  three  banners,  inscribed :  The  good  Samaritan,  The  Lion  The 
Lamb,  and: 

The  Blues  are  bound  in  Adamantine  Chains 
But  Freedom  round  each  Yellow  Mansion  reigns 

One  of  the  men  says  slyly  to  the  woman  he  walks  with : 

And  makes  the  Farmers  Wives  &  Daughters  Game 

This  is  a  quotation  from  Peter  Pindar's  'Commiserating  Epistle  to  Lord 
Lonsdale',  see  No.  8003.   The  context  is: 

Yet  why  should  Hares,  and  Partridges,  and  Grouse, 

Alone  be  ravish'd  from  the  Farmer's  house  ? — 

Go,  Lonsdale,  get  an  Act  to  raise  thy  fame, 

And  make  .  .  . 
Behind  the  carriage  (1.)  is  a  cheering  crowd;  they  wave  their  hats 
frantically  shouting.  Liberty,  Huzza,  Huzza.   The  man  in  the  foreground 
is  a  sailor  with  a  bludgeon.   Over  the  door  of  one  of  the  ruined  cottages  is 
a  placard :  To  lett  convenient  lodgings. 

Houses  in  Whitehaven  having  collapsed  owing  to  Lonsdale *s  coal- 
mines, one  Littledale  brought  an  action  against  him  and  obtained  damages. 
Lonsdale  immediately  closed  (or  threatened  to  close)  the  mines,  to  the 
ruin  of  the  town.  Whereupon  135  'Merchants  and  Inhabitants'  signed  a 
'humble  Representation'  offering  to  pay  the  damages  of  the  action,  the 
costs  of  an  appeal,  and  all  damages  and  costs  by  any  future  action,  if  he 
would  continue  working  the  mines,  since  'any  suspension  .  .  .  must  cause 
the  entire  ruin  and  destruction  of  the  whole  town'.    Lonsdale's  answer 

950 


PERSONAL    AND  SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

(16  Sept.  1 791)  was  a  threat  to  those  who  had  not  signed  the  Representa- 
tion; it  called  forth  a  further  abject  appeal.  These  documents  were  printed 
in  Peter  Pindar's  Commiserating  Epistle.  See  Nos.  8003,  8156.  The 
implication  that  Littledale's  action  was  collusive  is  made  explicit  in 
No.  8156.  According  to  the  Rolliady  Lonsdale  had  declared  'that  he  was  in 
possession  of  the  Land,  the  Fire,  and  the  Water  of  the  town  of  Whitehaven*. 

Grego  (following  Wright  and  Evans)  incorrectly  explains  the  print  as  an 
incident  in  boroughmongering  (cf .  No.  6960) :  Whitehaven  was  not  a  borough. 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  138.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  69. 

Reprinted,  G.W.G.y  1830.   Reproduced,  Grego,  Hist,  of  Parliamentary 
Elections f  1892,  p.  296  (folding  pi.). 
i4fX2o|in. 

8156    SATAN    IN    ALL    HIS    GLORY ;— OR— PETER    PINDAR 
CROUCHING  TO  THE  DEVIL. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  8^^  iyg2  {for  the  Proprietor)  by  H.  Humphrey^  N^  i8,  Old 
Bond  Street 

Engraving.  Lord  Lonsdale  as  Satan  is  seated  in  triumph,  his  r.  foot  resting 
on  a  sack  of  Coals  from  the  Infernal  Pitt.  (Pitt  gave  Lowther  his  peerage, 
see  No.  6579.)  Peter  Pindar  (Wolcot)  (1.)  kneels  on  one  knee  at  his  feet, 
with  clasped  hands,  beseeching  mercy.  A  lawyer  (r.)  whose  legs  are 
twisted  serpents  crouches  at  his  1.  hand  writing  Peter  Pindar  in  a  book 
inscribed  Black  List;  he  is  the  coachman  of  No.  8155.  Lonsdale  is  a  mag- 
nificently arrogant  figure  with  horns,  wings,  and  muscular  legs  which  are 
bare  from  the  knee,  his  toes  being  talons;  he  resembles  the  Satan  of 
No.  6027.  He  wears  an  earl's  coronet  inscribed  Evil  be  thou  my  Goody  and 
a  military  coat  with  epaulettes.  From  his  mouth  issues  two  streams  of 
flame  inscribed : 

Noy  Peter y  wo,  in  vain  you  suey 
Tis  my  turn  now!  th'  Devil  must  have  his  due  \ 
Fines!  Imprisonment!  Pillory!  O  iVs  hellish  charming. 
In  his  1.  hand,  which  rests  on  his  knee,  is  a  flaming  torch  inscribed  Epistle 
to  Lord  Lonsd[ale]  by  Peter  Pindar.  Behind  his  head  is  a  large  halo  from 
which  radiate  tongues  of  flame  that  reach  to  the  margins  of  the  design, 
each  with  an  inscription  (1.  to  r.) :  Frightening  a  poor  Poet  out  of  his  Wits ; 
Ruining  Creditors  by  Lawsuits;  Undermining  Whitehaven  [see  No.  8155]; 
Bribing  Witnesses  to  Perjure  themselves ;  The  Art  of  making  Soldiers  serve 
without  Pay;  and  the  advantage  of  their  going  vnthout  Breeches  [see  No. 
6579];  Breaking  Matrimonial  Engagements  from  Charitable  motives;  Hum- 
buging  Government  out  of  a  Ship  of  War  [see  No.  6246] ;  Bringing  Sham 
Trials  to  ruin  the  County;  Shutting  up  the  Mines  to  starve  a  Thousand 
Families  [see  No.  8155] ;  Buying  up  my  own  Debts  at  Half  a  Crown  for  the 
Pound;  Making  a  Hell-hound  my  Clerk  &  Attorney.  The  last  inscription 
points  at  the  lawyer  as  the  first  does  at  Pindar.  Pindar's  clothes  are  ragged, 
toes  protrude  through  a  tattered  shoe.  He  says : 

O  L ,  kick  me,  cuff  mCy  call  me  rogue^ 

Variety  &  knavCy  &  vagabondy  &  dog. 

But  do  not  bring  me  for  my  harmless  wity 

Where  Greybeards  in  their  robes  terrific  sit. 

951 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

From  his  pocket  project  two  books:  Odes  upon  Cowardice  and  Odes  of 
Importance  alias  Conciliatory  Odes.  The  latter,  pubUshed  in  1792,  contained 
an  *Ode  to  Lord  Lonsdale',  in  which  Lonsdale  is  urged  to  imitate  the 
King's  forbearance  towards  'the  poet's  harmless  wit';  it  is  by  no  means 
abject,  and  threatens  him  with  an  independent  jury  and  Erskine's  irony. 
Pindar's  words  (above)  are  a  misquotation  from  Odes  of  Importance  (p.  27), 
the  passage  begins :  *Mild  Minstrel,  could  their  Lordships  call  thee  rogue'. 
Lonsdale's  attorney  holds  Briefs  and  Writs  under  his  1.  arm,  on  which  a 
brief-bag  is  hung.  The  coals  issuing  from  Lonsdale's  sack  are  inscribed: 
CovetousnesSy  Dissimulation^  Rapine^  Treachery^  Malice^  Cruelty^  Envy^ 
PridCy  Ingratitude^  Deceit^  Swindling,  Rapine,  Meanness.  After  the  title  is 
engraved :  Sketched  from  the  Peep-hole  at  Scalegill,  To  the  worthy  Inhabitants 
of  Cumberland,  this  impartial  representation  of  the  Virtues  of  his  Infernal 
Majesty,  is  respectfully  dedicated. 

For  Pindar's  Commiserating  Epistle,  see  No.  8003.  Proceedings  against 
him  for  libels  on  Lonsdale  in  this  work  were  begun  by  a  criminal  informa- 
tion, Erskine  appearing  for  Wolcot,  who  admitted  his  authorship  to  protect 
his  publisher,  Evans.  Lond.  Chronicle,  11  and  14  Feb.  1792.  Proceedings 
were  also  threatened  for  a  paragraph  in  the  Oracle  saying  'Lord  Lonsdale's 
countenance  would  be  a  good  one  from  which  to  frame  a  likeness  of  the 
Devil'.   Ibid. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  138-9.   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cxi. 
i6|Xi3iin. 

8157  THE  RENVERSEMENT. 
[L  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pubu  Feb''  3  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Lady  Cecilia  Johnston  (r.)  lies  on  her  back,  having  been  thrown 
down  by  a  goat,  which  stands  over  her  on  its  hind-legs.  She  wards  it  off 
with  her  feet,  exclaiming  Desist  Rascal,  or  my  Husband  shall  fight  you!!! 
Her  hat  falls  off;  her  1.  arm  is  in  a  huge  muff.  A  passing  Irish  chairman  (1.) 
looks  over  his  shoulder  with  a  grin,  holding  his  hat  before  his  face,  and 
saying,  by  S^  Cecelia,  poor  Pat  is  ashamed  to  look  will  I  not  thro  my  hat  at  it. 
Behind  is  the  corner  of  a  high  garden  wall  inscribed  Berkely  Square.  On 
the  adjacent  wall  (r.)  are  two  bills:  Collings  Evening  Brush  and  To  the 
Curious  in  Mutton  at  that  Well  known  Shop.  Below  the  design  is  etched : 
Buff  on  says  the  Great  Grey  Goat  is  so  Rank  that  after  long  Abstinence  it  will 
court  any  thing — 

See  No.  8158.    'The  Evening  Brush*  was  an  entertainment  (Lyceum 
1 79 1 -2,  &c.)  by  John  Collins,  actor  and  poet. 
8iixi3in. 

8158  THE  POWER  OF  BEAUTY;— ST  CECILIA  CHARMING  THE 
BRUTE;— OR— THE  SEDUCTION  OF  THE  WELCH-AMBASSA- 
DOR. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  Feby     '*  iyg2  by  H  Humphrey  N 18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Lady  Cecilia  Johnston 
(T.Q.L.),  seated  in  an  armchair  in  profile  to  the  1.,  leans  forward  to  kiss  the 
nose  of  a  large  goat  which  puts  a  hoof  on  her  chest. 

952 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

Identified  by  Grego  as  Sir  W.  W.  Wynn,  but  improbably;  see  No.  8157: 
he  was  only  nineteen,  having  succeeded  his  father  in  1789. 

To  Gillray  Lady  Cecilia  embodied  aged  and  repulsive  coquetry,  see 
No.  7218,  &c.  She  was  ironically  called  'the  divine'  by  the  King  and  Queen 
{Harcourt  Papers ,  vi.  30,  34)  and  by  Walpole,  who  also  called  her  (1795) 
'the  anti-divine'.  Letters^  xv.  314,  357.  He  writes  of  her  narrow  mind  'that 
never  cultivated  any  seed  but  that  of  wormwood!'  Ibid.,  p.  355.  In  1760  he 
called  her  'an  absolute  original'.    Ibid.  iv.  342. 

Grego,  Gillray y  p.   139.    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  390.    Reproduced, 
G.W.G.,  1830. 
9|Xi3jin.  (pL). 

8159  LE  COCHON  ET  SES  DEUX  PETITS,— OR— RICH  PICK- 
INGS FOR  A  NOBLE  APPETITE. 

[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May       iyg2.  by  H.  Humphrey  N''  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Two  enormously  fat  courtesans  sit  side 
by  side  on  a  settee  which  they  completely  fill;  between  them  and  on  the 
knees  of  both  sits  the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  a  wine-glass  in  his  1.  hand,  in  his 
r.  he  holds  the  hand  of  one  of  the  women  at  whom  he  gazes  with  a  smile. 
Both  women  look  amorously  at  him ;  they  are  dressed  decorously  and  with- 
out extravagance.  At  the  Duke's  feet  lies  his  baton  as  hereditary  Earl 
Marshal.  Above  the  two  women  is  etched :  (1.)  The  Royal  Sovereign,  was 
formerly  to  be  seen  by  all  admirers  of  Natural  Curiosities  at  Sixpence  p^  Head, 
&  is  reported  to  weigh  near  Forty-Stone,  (r.)  Nell  H — t — w,  weighs  rather 
under  Thirty  Stone;  &'  in  the  absence  of  the  Great  Man,  his  place  is  agreeably 

filled  by  T W d,  the  celebrated  collector  on  the  Highway.  After  the 

title  is  etched:  Vide.  Strand  Lane;  Temple  Barr;  &c.  &c.  &c.  [places 
frequented  by  prostitutes]. 

For  the  Duke's  'eccentricities  in  his  amours'  see  Angelo,  Reminiscences, 
1904,  i,  294-5.  He  was  caricatured  by  Gillray  as  Silenus.  Ibid.  Cf. 
No.  7207. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  159-60  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  391. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
9Xi2jin. 

8160  SPOUTING. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  14^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N.  i8  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Fox  (r.),  capering  with  excitement, 
raises  a  dagger  in  his  r.  hand,  as  if  to  strike  a  grotesquely  stout  and  short 
lady,  who  faces  him,  throwing  back  her  arms.  Both  faces,  especially  that 
of  Fox,  have  the  exaggerated  expressions  of  ranting  actors  in  melodrama. 
Beneath  the  design  is  etched : 

*^ Strike  home!  and  I  will  bless  thee  for  the  Blow!" 

This  is  said  to  burlesque  a  lover's  quarrel  between  Fox  and  Mrs. 
Armistead. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  158  (reproduction),  159.   Wright  and  Evans,  No. 
395.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
iiix8fgin. 

953 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8161  A  DUET. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  14^^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey,  N"*  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  short  fat  man  (1.)  dressed  as  a  military 
officer,  clasps  the  inflated  petticoats  of  a  thin  woman  who  walks  away  from 
him,  looking  over  her  1.  shoulder,  her  hand  raised  in  a  negative  gesture. 
She  is  much  taller  than  her  admirer,  and  shows  a  hideous  profile,  her 
mouth  wide  open;  her  attitude  is  theatrical.  She  wears  a  high  cap  and 
the  extended  petticoats  which  had  recently  been  fashionable  (see  No. 
7099,  &c.).  He  looks  up  at  her  with  a  yearning  smile.  Both  are  grotesquely 
caricatured.   Beneath  the  design  is  etched: 

''Turn  fair  Clora,  turn,  ah  cruel,  turn  again" 

The  man  *is  said  to  be  a  city  pastry-cook  well  known  by  the  nickname 
of  Captain  Rolling-pin,  one  of  the  last  heroes  of  the  ancient  city  trained 
Bands'.  Perhaps  Vanhagen,  *a  famous  fat  pastry  cook',  who  held  a  com- 
mission in  the  city  militia,  see  No.  5785. 

Wright  and  Evans,  No.  396.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
iijx8i|in. 

8162  THE  BENGAL  LEVEE. 

Etch'd  by  J^  Gillray,  from  an  Original  Drawing  made  on  the  spot,  by 
an  Amateur  [reputed  to  be  General  Stevenson].  London  Published 
Nov""  9'*  iyg2  by  J'  Gillray  Chealsea,  &  by  H  Humphrey,  N"  18 
Old  Bond  Street, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Lord  Cornwallis  holds  a  levee  in  Govern- 
ment House,  Calcutta,  in  a  large  room  divided  by  a  panelled  partition 
which  stretches  across  the  design  from  1.  to  r.  and  is  broken  by  three  wide 
doorways,  showing  an  inner  room,  crowded  with  guests,  with  three  large 
windows  between  which  are  pier-glasses  in  ornate  frames.  In  the  spaces 
between  the  doorways  are  four  candle-sconces  placed  above  four  of  Thomas 
Daniell's  Views  of  Calcutta,  either  the  originals  or  (more  probably)  the 
aquatints.^ 

In  the  nearer  portion  of  the  room  the  figures  are  dispersed ;  Cornwallis 
stands  in  the  inner  room  on  the  r.,  his  r.  hand  on  his  breast,  1.  in  his 
breeches  pocket.  He  is  talking  to  Cudbert  Thornhill,  a  grotesque- looking 
civilian  who  faces  him  in  profile  to  the  r.  Behind  Thornhill,  waiting  to 
approach  Cornwallis,  is  King  Collins  wearing  regimentals.  Behind  this 
group  is  a  crowd  of  unidentified  guests. 

The  figures  in  the  foreground  (1.  to  r.)  are:  Lt.-Col.  Alexander  Ross, 
secretary  to  Cornwallis,  who  is  talking  to  Colonel  John  FuUarton,  senior 
officer  at  the  Presidency  {East  India  Kalendar,  1791,  p.  14).  Next,  a  stout 
civilian,  with  legs  thick  to  deformity,  holds  both  hands  of  a  very  slim  and 
foppish  civilian;  they  are  John  Haldane  and  Claud  Benizett,^  Sub- 
Treasurer.  The  centre  figures  are  a  very  stout  colonel  talking  to  a  thin  and 
grotesque  civilian  holding  a  long  cane;  both  wear  spectacles.  They  are 
Colonel   Auchmuty   and   William   Pye,  Collector  of  the   Twenty-four 

^  Published  by  him  at  Calcutta  1786-8,  reproduced  in  W.  Corfield's  Calcutta 
Faces  and  Places.  Cf.  also  Memoirs  of  William  Hickey,  iii.  327,  342. 
*  Identified  by  Wright  and  Evans  as  John  Wilton. 

954 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

Pergunnahs.  A  grotesquely  ugly  little  civilian,  standing  alone  in  profile  to 
the  1.,  taking  snuff,  is  W.  C.  Blaquiere.*  On  the  extreme  r.  an  obese  man 
and  a  cadaverously  thin  man,  both  civilians,  take  each  other's  hands  in  an 
affected  manner;  they  are  Robert  MacFarlane,  Clerk  of  the  Market,  and 
John  Miller,  Deputy  of  Police.  From  MacFarlane 's  pocket  hangs  a  long 
paper:  Price  Current  Calcutta  Market  Grain  Rice  Bran  Paddy  Agent. 
Behind  Pye  stands  the  Rev.  Thomas  Blanshard,  a  very  stout  man  in  profile 
to  the  1.  with  his  hands  behind  his  back.  Behind  him  a  civilian  grasps  the 
hands  of  a  Greek  priest  wearing  robes  and  a  high  hat.  They  are  Edward 
Tiretta  of  the  Bazaar  and  Father  Parthanio. 

In  the  middle  distance,  just  within  the  nearer  room  and  on  the  I.,  an 
elderly  civilian  holding  a  walking-stick  stands  full  face  talking  to  a  stout 
officer  in  regimentals  on  the  extreme  1.;  he  is  John  Williamson,  Vender 
Master.  Next  him,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  is  Gilbert  Hall,  Coroner,  a  stout 
civilian,  talking  to  an  unidentified  civilian,  next  whom  is  Abraham  Caldi- 
cott,  a  stout  civilian,  grasping  both  hands  of  an  unidentified  man  who 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  About  fifty  other  persons  are  depicted,  most  of 
whom  are  in  the  crowded  inner  room. 

Cornwallis  held  a  weekly  levee,  making  a  point  of  speaking  to  all  who 
attended;  Hickey  relates  a  striking  colloquy  with  Colonel  Auchmuty,  an 
uncouth  Irishman.  Memoirs  of  William  Hickey ,  iv.  109.  Blanshard,  senior 
chaplain  of  the  Residency,  was  a  shameless  profiteer  in  burial  fees.   Ibid. 

iii-  37I-. 

The  identifications  are  from  a  copy  by  *H.  M.  Smith,  Calcutta.  Dec. 
1843',  in  the  possession  of  the  India  Office  (photostat  in  the  Print  Room). 

Grego,  Gillrayy  p.  163  (reproduction).  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  89.   Sir 
W.  Foster,  Descriptive  Catalogue  of  the  Paintings  &c.  in  the  India  Office, 
No.  256.   Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830. 
i5|X24in. 

A  SIDE  BOX  AT  THE  OPERA. 

Pu¥  March,  15,  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

A  reissue,  with  an  altered  imprint,  of  No.  6531. 

8163  THIS  IS  THE  HOUSE  THAT  JACK  BUILT. 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pu¥  Jany  2  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Illustration  to  a  lampoon 
on  the  Gunning  scandal.  A  series  of  portraits  following  [i]  a  letter  directed 
to  His  Grace  the  D  ...  of  [Marlborough,  see  No.  7980],  beneath  which  is 
inscribed :  This  is  the  Note  that  Nobody  wrote!  [2]  A  groom  (T.Q.L.)  stand- 
ing with  folded  arms :  This  is  the  Groom  that  carried  the  Note  that  Nobody 
wrote.  [3]  Bust  portrait  of  a  stout  woman  in  profile  to  the  1. :  This  is  Madam 
Gun  .  .  .g  so  very  cunning  that  betrayed  the  Groom  that  carried  the  note  that 
Nobody  wrote.  [4]  Bust  portrait  of  a  lean  and  wrinkled  woman  in  profile 
to  the  r. :  This  is  Madam  Bo  . .  .n  [Bowen]  to  whom  it  was  ozving  that  Madam 
Gun  .  .  .  g  so  very  cunning  betrayed  the  Groom  that  carried  the  Note  that 
Nobody  wrote.    [5]  Bust  portrait  of  a  young  woman,  full  face,  holding  a 

'  Identified  by  Wright  and  Evans. 
955 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

handkerchief  to  her  eye :  This  is  the  Maiden  all  For  Lorn,  all  on  a  sudden 
so  tatterd  and  torn,  because  Madam  Bo  ...  n  to  whom  it  was  owing  that 
Madam  Gun  .  .  .  g  so  very  cunning  betrayed  the  Groom  that  carried  the  Note 
that  Nobody  wrote.  [6]  Two  bust  portraits  of  young  men,  full  face,  wearing 
cocked  hats :  These  are  the  Marquises  shy  of  the  Horn  blown  by  the  Maiden 
all  For-Lorn  all  on  a  sudden  so  tatterd  and  torn  because  Madam  Bo  .  .  .  n  to 
whom  it  was  owing  that  Madam  Gun  .  .  .  g  so  very  cunning  betrayed  the 
Groom  that  carried  the  Note  that  Nobody  wrote.  [7]  Two  bust  portraits  of 
two  men,  full  face,  wearing  ribbons,  who  look  sideways  at  each  other: 
These  are  the  Dukes  [Marlborough  and  Argyll]  whose  bitter  rebukes  made  the 
two  Marquisses  shy  of  the  horn  blown  by  the  Maiden  all  for  Lorn  all  on  a 
sudden  so  tatterd  and  torn,  because  Madam  Bo  ...  n  to  whom  it  was  owing, 
that  Madam  Gun  .  .  .g  so  very  cunning  betrayed  the  Groom  that  carried  the 
Note  that  Nobody  wrote.  [8]  Bust  portrait  of  a  military  officer,  full  face, 
wearing  a  cocked  hat  and  gorget :  This  is  the  General  somewhat  too  bold — 
whose  head  is  too  hot,  and  whose  heart  is  too  cold — who  made  himself  single 
before  it  was  meet  and  turned  Wife  and  Daughter  into  the  street,  to  appease 
the  two  Dukes  whose  bitter  rebukes  made  the  two  Marquisses  shy  of  the  horn 
blown  by  the  Maiden  all  For  Lorn  all  on  a  sudden  so  tatterd  and  torn  because 
Madam  Bo  ...  n  to  whom  it  was  owing  that  Madam  Gun  .  .  .  g  so  very 
cunning  betrayed  the  Groom  that  carried  the  Note  that  Nobody  wrote.  Beneath 
the  title  is  etched :  Adorned  with  Pretty  Pictures  for  the  Amusement  of 
Grown  up  Masters  and  Misses  |  To  the  Admirers  of  certain  Mysterious 
Pamphlets  &  Paragraphs  (published  some  time  since  but  which  ought  never  to 
be  Forgotten)  \  This  Bagatelle  is  respectfully  Dedicated  with  an  humble  inten- 
tion {if  possible)  to  render  the  Case  more  difficult  then  before. 

The  text  is  taken  from  a  squib  which  circulated  in  manuscript.  H.  Wal- 
pole  copied  it  for  Mary  Berry,  2  June  1791,  when  it  was  'not  at  all  new'. 
Letters,  xiv.  441-2.  For  the  Gunning  case  see  No.  7980,  &c.  Miss 
Gunning,  anxious  to  marry  her  cousin  the  Marquis  of  Lome,  apparently 
fabricated  evidence  of  her  courtship  by  the  Marquis  of  Blandford  which 
included  a  letter  from  the  Duke  of  Marlborough  giving  his  consent  to  their 
marriage.  Mrs.  Bowen  made  accusations  and  revelations  and  was  accused 
by  Mrs.  Gunning  of  being  responsible  for  the  affair.  The  scandal  was 
followed  by  a  suit  of  crim.  con.,  see  No.  7951. 
16x13  J  in. 

8164  A  WARD  OF  CHANCERY. 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  Feb  8  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  3  Piccadilly  where  may  be 
seen  the  Greatest  Collection  of  Caricatures  in  Europe  Admitance  i 
Shilling 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  young  lady  (1.)  on  the  back  of  a  stag 
with  a  human  head  and  wearing  a  cocked  hat,  flees  (r.  to  1.)  from  a  crowd 
of  pursuing  judges.  Her  arms  are  round  the  stag's  neck  and  they  look 
affectionately  at  each  other:  she  says.  My  Father  did  so  before  me.  He 
answers.  Aye  Aye  Tve  Tip' t  you  the  Nando  old  Beetle  Brow,  never  fear  my 
Love  Fllput  in  a  Good  Plea.  To  his  tail  is  tied  the  bag  of  the  Great  Seal. 
Thurlow  runs  among  the  judges,  holding  up  the  mace  and  saying  D 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1792 

your  Eyes  you  B rs  why  don't  you  mend  your  pace.  The  foremost  judge 

says  /  zmll!  but  dont  break  my  head  with  the  mace.  Seven  judges  follow  on 
the  extreme  r.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  milestone:  XIII  from  (?)  Lodon. 
In  the  background  are  trees  and  (1.)  a  church  spire. 

At  this  time  Thurlow  was  in  great  distress  at  the  elopement  of  his 
daughter  (one  of  his  illegitimate  daughters  by  Mrs.  Hervey).  G.  T. 
Kenyon,  Life  of  Lord  Kenyon^  1873,  pp.  246-7.  Thurlow  was  for  a  long 
period  attached  to  the  young  woman  in  the  bar  at  Nando 's  coffee-house, 
see  Nos.  4984,  7164.   For  his  language  see  No.  7320. 

5T6Xi4Ain. 


8165  A  NECESSARY  WAR.  OR  QUIXOTISM  REVIVED  OR  THE 
KNIGHT  OF  THE  LITTLE  HOUSE 

[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  March  12.  iyg2  by  J*^  Squabble  oxford  S^ 

Engraving.  An  old  lady  is  seated  in  a  ^necessary  house',  a  small  shed 
among  shrubs  which  is  being  attacked  by  a  stout  lady  (r.)  who  raises  an  axe 

in  both  hands,  saying,  open  the  Boor^^  or  Sir  G: shall  go  to  the  King  and 

make  the  Necessary  Complaints  you  Nasty  ill  Natured  Lady  Dung.  The 
other  draws  aside  a  curtain  which  covers  the  glass  panes  of  the  upper  part 
of  the  door,  and  answers :  wo,  no  my  Young  Lady  you  may  ease  Yourself  how 
you  can.  On  the  1.  'Sir  G.',  wearing  the  ribbon  and  star  of  the  Bath,  stands 
beside  a  cannon  which  he  fires  at  the  door,  holding  a  pen  to  the  touch-hole. 
He  says.  By  G — d  Madam  if  you  dont  let  my  Wife  in^  Pll  let  fly  at  you  & 
Blow  you  &  your  little  house  to  S^  James's.  The  cannon,  which  is  inscribed 
GRy  has  blown  out  one  plank  of  the  door. 

This  evidently  relates  to  a  squabble  between  the  wife  of  Sir  George 
Yonge,  K.B.,  and  some  lady  over  the  possession  of  a  house,  possibly  the 
Great  House  at  Colyton  which  Yonge  sold  to  Sir  John  de  la  Pole.  Yonge, 
5th  Bart.,  married  Elizabeth  Cleeve  in  1765.  D.N.B. 

8ixi3jin. 

8166  THE  RAPE  OF  HELEN 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  Aprill  10.  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  A^«  j  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  runs  rapidly  (1.  to  r.)  carrying 
on  his  shoulders  the  fat  Mrs.  Hobart,  who  crouches  in  a  horizontal  position, 
her  arms  outstretched,  her  petticoats  revealing  massive  legs.  She  wears  one 
of  the  small  hats  with  high  cylindrical  crowns  trimmed  with  ribbon  then 
fashionable.  Paris  wears  a  laurel  wreath.  Both  are  in  profile  to  the  r. 
Behind  the  comer  of  a  house  in  S^James^  Square  is  indicated,  with  an  open 
window  from  which  a  grinning  man  watches  the  rape  through  a  small 
telescope.  Paris,  who  takes  a  long  stride,  says.  Give  me  three  Golden  George's 
or  by  my  mother  Moon  Pll  cause  another  Trojen  War^  &  set  the  square  in 
Arms.  Pharoah  Sturty  &  all  the  host  shall  be  engaged.  &  drowne'd  in  the 
Black  hole.  She  screams.  Murder  fire  Thieves,  My  Bank  is  Lost  &  this  Stark 
Mad  Man  would  ravish  me  also.  Oh  Pharaoh^  MoseSy  Helpy  or  I  shall  suffer 

957 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

like  my  Sister  Helen.  Below  the  title  is  etched :  NB.  It  is  very  well  under- 
stood that  the  object  of  Paris  in  this  recent  Attempt  was  not  the  Three  Guineas 
but  the  fair  Helens  Self 

Mrs.  Hobart,  like  Mrs.  Sturt,  kept  a  notorious  faro-table  for  her  guests, 
always  a  source  of  income  to  the  holder  of  the  bank.   Cf.  No.  5972.   Her 
town  house  was  at  the  corner  of  St.  James's  Square  and  Charles  Street. 
(Information  from  Mr.  Robert  Cust.)  For  this  incident  see  No.  8167. 
916X14^  in. 

8167  RECENT  FRACAS  AT  MRS  ROUNDABOUT'S  PHARO  BANK. 

[i  June  1792] 
Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine^  ii.  loi.  Mrs.  Hobart  (1.)  is  seated  at  one 
end  of  an  oval  faro-table,  gazing  at  an  encounter  between  *Lady  Toxopho- 
lite'  (Archer)  and  'M^^  Caulcannon'  (Concannon) ;  the  latter  has  seized  the 
wig  from  Lady  Archer's  head.  Fox  stands  behind  Mrs.  Concannon,  pre- 
venting a  girl  ('the  Hon  Miss  Fidget')  from  intervening.  In  the  excite- 
ment, a  man  (r.)  seated  next  Mrs.  Hobart  furtively  sweeps  coins  off  the 
table  into  his  hat.  Lady  Archer  is  alleged  to  have  been  winning  from  the 
bank  by  connivance  with  Mrs.  Hobart,  and  to  have  been  insulted  by  Mrs. 
Concannon.  See  Nos.  8073,  8075,  8166. 
5jX3fin.  B.M.L.,P.C. 

8168  A  LUNCHEON  AT  GIBSIDE— LAMB  CHOPS  AND  RUMP 
STEAKS. 

[1.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  April  26  iyg2  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  and  a  pretty  young  woman 
(T.Q.L.),  wearing  a  feathered  hat,  are  seated  on  a  settee  behind  a  luncheon- 
table,  a  corner  of  which  is  visible  on  the  1.  They  embrace  each  other.  On 
the  table  is  a  dish  of  lamb  chops,  with  two  plates  on  which  the  knives  and 
forks  have  been  thrown  down.  There  is  also  an  open  book :  Art  of  Pimping 
by  L.  Tf  and  a  watch  whose  hands  point  to  3  o'clock.  On  the  r,  is  an  open 
sash-window  through  which  can  be  seen  a  garden  below  with  a  groom 
holding  a  horse  and  two  men  on  horseback,  one  of  whom  looks  towards 
the  window,  saying,  what  a  while  they  are  filling  their  Belly's.  On  the  horizon 
is  a  castle  on  a  hill. 

Gibside,  Durham,  was  the  seat  of  George  Bowes,  whose  heiress  (see 
No.  7012)  married  Lord  Strathmore  (d.  1776);  their  son  and  heir  John, 
loth  Earl  of  Strathmore  (i 769-1 820),  is  probably  the  subject  of  the  print. 
L.Tmay  indicate  Lord  T5Tconnel,  the  lady  being  Lady  Tyrconnel,  alleged 
in  1791  to  be  at  the  seat  of  Lord  Strathmore,  see  No.  7741.  She  died  there 
in  1800. 
9Jxi4fin. 

8169  CALEB  CURIOUS. 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  June  11,  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  thin  man  stands  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  in  the  corner  of  a  picture-gallery,  inspecting  through  a 

958 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1792 

glass  a  picture  of  a  nude  and  buxom  nymph  or  Venus.  He  holds  a  long 
cane  and  a  Catalogue  of  Paintings.  He  has  a  long  pigtail  queue  and  wears 
a  cocked  hat.  Three  other  pictures  are  visible,  all  of  nude  women  in  the 
manner  (burlesqued)  of  'high  art'.  Beneath  the  design  is  etched :  The  Witty 
Wine  Merchant.  Ay  he  will  Wholesale  you  New  Wine^  and  anon  retail  you 
old  wit — Shakespier. 

A  satirical  portrait  of  Caleb  Whitefoord,   1734-18 10,  wine-merchant, 
connoisseur,  and  wit,  see  D.N.B.  He  is  depicted  in  Gillray's  Connoisseurs 
examining  a  Collection  of  George  Morlands^  1807. 
8ix6iin. 

8170  PRELUDE  TO  THE  RIOT  IN  MOUNT  STREET. 

[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  June  6,  iyg2  by  Wilt"  Holland  N°  50  Oxford  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  servants'  dance :  four  menservants  in 
back  view  face  four  maidservants,  in  a  country- dance ;  on  the  extreme  r. 
stands  a  man  with  bandaged  eyes  and  a  wooden  leg  playing  a  fiddle.  On 
the  extreme  1.,  beside  an  open  door,  a  French  manservant  is  being  threat- 
ened by  a  stout  butcher  holding  up  a  knife,  who  holds  his  fist  before  the 
Frenchman's  face.  He  says  Damn  me^  no  jawing y  you  Rascal  Whaty  resist 
the  Law!  Fll  cut  you  up  like  Pork  if  you  stir!  The  man  exclaims  Ahj  Sacre 
Dieu!  I  did  tink  it  vas  all  Dance  in  de  land  of  Liberte!  His  distressed  and 
terrified  partner  puts  both  hands  on  his  arm.  Through  the  door  a  crowd 
is  seen  approaching;  they  are  evidently  constables  and  their  hangers-on. 
The  dancers  at  the  other  side  of  the  room  have  not  noticed  this  interrup- 
tion :  a  footman  says  to  his  partner  So^  you  tell  me,  Sir  Harry  is  likely  to 
do  my  Master's  business.  She  says.  Mum,  for  your  life,  not  a  word  about  it — 
/  say  nothing,  but  I  know  what  I  know.  The  next  manservant  (r.)  says 
Cookey,  you  dance  devilish  well — /  should  like  to  run  down  a  dance  with  you 
in  the  Temple  of  Hymen.  She  answers,  Lord  love  your  heart,  if  you  were  to 
see  John  and  I  cut  a  caper  in  the  Pantry,  you'd  be  delighted.  On  the  wall 
which  forms  a  background  is  a  broadside :  Billy 's  too  young  to  drive  us,  a 
New  Song  (a  Westminster  Election  song  (1784)  by  Captain  Morris),  and  a 
large  print  of  Storming  the  Bastile,  with  a  cannon,  heads  on  pikes,  &c. 

A  satire  on  the  ill-judged  action  against  a  servants'  jollification  which 
led  to  serious  rioting :  some  forty  servants  had  been  invited  by  the  landlord 
of  the  Pitt's  Head,  Little  Stanhope  Street,  to  a  dance  on  the  King's  birth- 
day (4  June).  He  was  disposing  of  his  house  and  this  was  his  farewell  to 
the  upper  servants  of  the  families  which  he  had  supplied  with  porter. 
There  was  no  disturbance  till  Tapp,  the  High  Constable  of  Westminster, 
entered  with  constables,  watchmen,  &c.  A  constable  who  was  a  pork- 
butcher  made  himself  particularly  obnoxious.  Every  servant  was  taken  to 
the  watch-house  in  Mount  Street.  Next  morning  the  mob  attacked  the 
watch-house.  The  Bow  Street  magistrates  went  to  the  place,  dismissed  all 
the  servants  but  detained  the  publican  and  the  fiddler  for  having  broken 
windows,  &c.  Meanwhile  a  troop  of  soldiers  arrived  and  the  Riot  Act  was 
read.  A  mob  collected  again  in  the  evening  and  broke  into  the  watch- 
house.  Order  was  restored  by  a  second  party  of  soldiers.  Lond.  Chronicle^ 
7  June;  Ann.  Reg.,  1792,  ii.  23^-4*.  See  No.  8171. 
I3|xi7in. 

959 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8171  MOUNT  STREET  MERRIMENT  OR  THE  TRIUMPH  OF 
JUSTICE.  [i  July  1792] 

Engraving.  Bon  Ton  Magazine,  ii.  123.  Interior  of  a  room  lit  by  a  hanging 
chandelier.  A  constable  (1.)  and  a  watchman  (r.)  seize  a  young  woman: 
behind  an  affray  is  in  progress,  staves,  a  watchman's  rattle,  and  a  fiddle 
being  used  as  weapons. 

Illustration  to  an  explanation  of  'the  war  in  Mount-street'.  A  constable, 
jealous  of  a  coachman  who  was  his  successful  rival  with  a  cook-maid,  gave 
information  to  Justice  Hyde  of  an  unlawful  meeting  with  music  at  a  public- 
house.   See  No.  8170. 
Sjxsiin.  B.M.L.,  P.C. 

8172  THE  NOTTINGHAM  CHRONICLE. 
[Newton.] 

London  Pu¥  April  5  iyg2  by  W.  Holland,  N°  50  Oxford  S^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  middle-aged  woman  walks  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  wearing  a  high-crowned  bonnet  and  a  pelisse,  buttoned  from  neck 
to  hem,  which  projects  before  her,  short  enough  to  show  her  clumsy  legs. 
Her  hands  are  in  a  large  muff.  She  says.  They'll  certainly  hear  the  news 
before  I  reach  the  long  pavement.  Behind  her  (1.)  is  the  corner  of  a  stone 
wall  inscribed  Stoney  Street.   In  the  background  (r.)  is  a  church. 

Identified  as  *A  Miss  Sherwin  of  Nottingham'. 
8Jx8in. 

8173  A  MASCULINE  DOE 
R^  Newton  del 

London  Pu¥  by  W.  Holland  AT^  50  Oxford  S^  Dec  8  iyg2 

Engraving.  A  lady  (caricatured)  wearing  a  riding-habit  stands  in  profile 
to  the  r.,  putting  her  1.  foot  on  a  stool  in  order  to  lace  her  boot.  Two 
hounds  are  beside  the  stool.  A  riding-switch  lies  at  her  feet.  She  wears  a 
high  hat  of  masculine  shape  trimmed  with  a  large  ostrich-feather.  Her 
coat  is  of  military  cut,  and  her  legs  are  defined  under  her  skirt. 

Identified  in  an  old  hand  as  Lady  Salisbury,  who  was  a  noted  horse- 
woman.  See  Pigott,  Female  Jockey  Club,  i794>  PP-  92  ff.   Cf.  No.  61 15. 
7x5  in. 

8174  SIX  STAGES  OF  MENDING  A  FACE 
Dedicated  with  respect  to  the  Right  Hon^^^  Lady  Archer 
[Rowlandson] 

Published  May  2g  iyg2  by  SW  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8175.  The 
head  and  shoulders  of  Lady  Archer  at  different  stages  of  her  toilet.  In  the 
first  (r.),  wearing  a  night-cap,  with  unsightly  pendent  breasts,  she  looks 
up  to  the  1.,  tears  falling  from  an  empty  eye-socket,  her  gaping  mouth 
showing  toothless  jaws.  In  the  next  she  fits  in  an  eye,  in  the  third  she 
places  a  wig  on  her  head,  in  the  fourth  (below  on  the  r.)  she  fits  in  a  set 
of  false  teeth;  in  the  next  she  applies  rouge  to  her  cheeks  with  a  hare's  foot, 

960 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

holding  a  mirror.  In  the  last  (1.)  she  appears  a  pretty  young  woman,  hold- 
ing a  mask  in  her  hand.  In  the  last  two  stages  her  arms,  which  were  skinny 
and  muscular,  have  become  smooth  and  rounded  and  her  breasts  have  been 
covered  with  the  gauze  drapery  then  fashionable.  For  Lady  Archer 
(b.  1 741)  see  No.  5879,  &c.,  and  index. 

Cf.  'Epigram  on  Lady  A '. 

Antient  Phyllis  has  young  graces, 
'Tis  a  strange  thing,  but  a  true  one ; 

Shall  I  tell  you  how } 
She  herself  makes  her  own  faces. 
And  each  morning  wears  a  new  one ; 
Where's  the  wonder  now? 
Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces^  2nd  ed.,  iii.  1795,  p.  106. 

False  teeth  were  then  regarded  as  illegitimate  aids  to  beauty : 
Can  i'vry  teeth  at  sixty-one, 
Tho  bought  of  March,  be  deem'd  thy  own, 
Display'd  in  lucid  rows  ? 

Excursions  to  Parnassus  . . .,  1787,  p.  53. 
Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  308. 
iOi^gXi4iin. 

8175  SIX  STAGES  OF  MARRING  A  FACE. 
Dedicated  with  Respect  to  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Hamilton 
[Rowlandson.] 

Published  May  2g  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N*"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8174.  The 
head  and  shoulders  of  a  man  repeated  six  times  in  different  attitudes. 
Above  (r.)  the  Duke  of  Hamilton  (see  No.  7958),  good-looking,  with  bare 
clenched  fists  looks  up  and  to  the  1.,  as  if  facing  an  antagonist.  In  successive 
stages  one  eye  is  closed  and  bleeding,  the  nose  and  then  the  mouth  are 
bleeding,  cuts  on  the  face  and  forehead  appear.  In  the  last  stage,  in  the 
lower  1.  corner  of  the  design,  the  grossly  disfigured  head  lies  unconscious, 
blood  pouring  from  the  mouth. 
Grego,  Rowlandson^  i.  307-8. 
ioJxi4i|in. 

8176  THE  MAID  OF  BATH,  OR  MAC  IN  HER  TEENS 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  Nov''  21  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  An  ugly  and  bedizened 
old  woman  walks  (r.  to  1.)  supported  by  two  footmen  in  livery;  in  her  1. 
hand  is  a  closed  fan.  She  wears  a  feathered  hat  perched  on  the  side  of  her 
head ;  her  withered  breasts  are  much  exposed :  she  says.  Nasty  Custom  to 
wear  hankercheifs.  The  footman  on  her  r.  carries  a  pile  of  books :  Rochesters 
PoemSy  Ovid's  Art  of  Love^  Aristotles  Master  Peice,  Woman  of  Pleasure^ 
Female  Flagelents,  and  (title  erased)  for  Young  Ladies ;  these  are :  A  Choice 
Colection  for  the  Young  Lady's.  One  man  says  with  a  frown:  She  Stinks 
like  a  Pole  Cat.   The  other  footman  holds  his  nose.   A  dog  (1.)  barks  at 

961  3Q 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

them.  On  the  r.,  watching  them  from  behind,  stands  a  fashionably  dressed 
young  buck,  legs  astride,  regarding  her  through  a  single  eye-glass ;  he  says 
with  a  grin :  Grace  is  in  all  her  steps  A  Blast  in  her  Eye  in  every  Gesture 
Dignity  and  Love.  They  are  at  the  corner  of  a  street  inscribed  (1.)  To  the 
Pump  Room  and  (r.)  Laura  Place. 

The  lady  can  scarcely  be  Mrs.  Macaulay  (formerly  of  Bath),  satirized 
for  painting  her  face  when  on  the  verge  of  the  grave  (No.  5441)  and  for 
her  marriage  to  a  young  man  (No.  5598),  since  she  died  22  June  1791. 
8j®6Xi2|in. 

8177  OYSTERS.  OYSTERS.  I  USD  FOR  TO  CRY 

WHEN  THE  WIND   BLEW  SO  HARD  THAT  MY  BOAT 
COULD  NOT  PLY— 

[PLCruikshank.] 

Pub  March  ig  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  AT^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  man  walks  (r.  to  1.)  on  the  sea-shore 
followed  at  a  short  distance  by  a  woman.    He  carries  a  small  basket  of 
oysters  on  his  1.  arm,  and  holds  a  long  walking-stick  in  his  r.  hand.   His 
r.  leg,  which  is  raised,  is  shorter  than  the  other,  the  shoe  having  a  high 
heel.   He  wears  a  fashionable  high-crowned  hat  with  a  frilled  shirt,  but  is 
plain,  with  ill-dressed  hair  and  long  old-fashioned  waistcoat  and  buckled 
shoes.  The  woman  is  younger  and  more  fashionably  dressed.  He  says.  Do 
you  not  think  I  am  like  the  King  of  Prusia.  or  do  you  perceive  I  go  lame.   She 
answers,  A  great  resemblence  Nor  can  I  observe  you  go  the  least  lame.   Her 
true  thoughts  are  inscribed  behind  her:  What  a  despicable  old  dog  he  is 
But  I  must  flatter  him  my  life  for  it  III  get  the  lame  side  of  him 
No  more  of  the  flour  nor  yet  of  the  cheese 
But  ril  Cue — /  the  Old  man  when  ever  I  plese 
8Jxi3in. 

8178  WORK  FOR  DOCTORS^-COMMONS. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pub^  by  T.  Rowlatidsoriy  Strand  Febv  iyg2 

Engraving.^  The  interior  of  a  luxuriously  furnished  room,  across  one 
corner  of  which  is  a  large  folding  screen.  Behind  the  screen  (1.)  a  man 
stands  on  a  chair  looking  over  it,  while  a  footman  in  livery  crouches  beside 
him  looking  round  it  at  a  pair  of  lovers:  a  fashionably  dressed  young 
military  officer  sprawls  on  a  sofa,  with  his  arms  round  the  waist  of  a  pretty 
young  woman.  On  the  ground  beside  them  a  mandoline  lies  across  a 
music-book.  On  a  small  ornate  table  are  fruit  and  a  bottle.  The  fire-place, 
chimney-piece,  candelabra,  and  a  landscape  in  an  ornate  frame  indicate  a 
handsomely  furnished  room.  The  man  looking  over  the  screen  is  elderly 
and  dressed  in  an  old-fashioned  manner  with  tie-wig,  flapped  waistcoat, 
and  sleeves  with  wide  cuffs. 

The  lovers  have  been  identified  as  Mrs.  Walsh  and  General  Upton,  who, 
however,  looks  too  young  to  be  a  general,  nor  was  there  a  general  of  this 
name  in  the  Army  List  at  this  date. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  306.    Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Frau  in  der  Kari- 
katur,  1906,  p.  90. 
six 8  in. 

*  Also  a  coloured  impression  in  'Caricatures',  ix.  191. 

962 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 
From  a  series  of  theatrical  portraits  continued  from  No.  7955. 

8179-82^ 

8179  BIG  SAM,  THE  PRINCE'S  PORTER,  IN  CYMON. 
Attic  Miscellany. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Locke  Febv  jst  iyg2. 

Engraving.  A  giant  wearing  pseudo-classical  armour  raises  a  club  to  strike 
a  diminutive  woman  (r.).  She  attacks  him  with  a  spear,  holding  up  a  shield. 

For  Big  Sam,  see  No.  7905.  He  appeared  as  Hercules  in  Cymon  at  the 
request  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Gent.  Mag.  Ixxii.  478.  Garrick's  Cymon 
was  played  between  thirty  and  forty  times  by  the  Drury  Lane  company 
at  the  Haymarket  on  and  after  31  Dec.  1791.  It  concluded  with  a  grand 
procession  of  the  ancient  knights  of  chivalry,  and  the  representation  of  an 
ancient  tournament,  which  was  (unsuccessfully)  burlesqued  at  Covent 
Garden.   Genest,  vii.  47. 

Reissued,  i  Jan.  1796,  Carlton  House  Magazine y  iv.  391. 
5|X3iiin. 

8180  BURGUNDY  MAD! 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  W.  Locke  April  i^  1792. 

Engraving.  Holman  stands  full  face,  legs  apart,  arms  held  above  his  head, 
hat  in  his  1.  hand.  His  expression  and  attitude  suggest  semi-intoxication. 
Beneath  the  title  is  engraved.  No  matter!  no  matter!  no  matter,  and  above 
the  design  The  Road  to  Ruin. 

Holman  as  the  original  Harry  Dornton  in  Holcroft's  play  first  acted  at 
Covent  Garden,  18  Feb.  1792,  cf.  No.  8073.    See  No.  8218. 

Reissued,  i  Apr.  1795,  in  the  Carlton  House  Magazine,  iv.  39,  as  A  Jolly 
Toper. 
5iiX3igin. 

8181  SR  PETER! 

THE  KING  OF  THE  OLD  SCHOOL. 

Attic  Miscellany 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  May  i^  1792,  by  W  Locke. 

Engraving.  Thomas  King  stands  full  face,  his  fingers  interlaced,  looking 
downwards  and  sideways,  with  a  whimsical  expression.  He  wears  old- 
fashioned  dress  with  long  flapped  waistcoat  and  high- quartered  shoes. 

King  was  the  original  Peter  Teazle  in  The  School  for  Scandal  {ijjj), 
Genest,  v.  535. 
5fX3f  in. 

8182  BIRMINGHAM  STIRLING. 
Attic  Miscellany 

Published  as  the  Act  directs,  by  W.  Locke  June  J*'  1792. 

Engraving.  An  actor  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  bending  at  the  waist,  1.  foot 
and  r.  hand  extended  mincingly,  a  cane  dangling  from  his  wrist.  He  is 
chapeau-bras,  his  1.  hand  behind  his  back.   He  wears  old-fashioned  dress 

»  The  Attic  Miscellany  for  this  date  is  not  in  the  B.M.L.  The  plates  may  have 
been  issued  separately.  They  are  in  the  manner  of  *Annibal  Scratch*. 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

with  full-skirted  coat;  his  stockings  are  worn  over  his  breeches  at  the 
knee. 

He  has  been  identified  as  Parsons  (the  subject  of  another  print  in  this 
series,  see  No.  7955),  probably  in  the  part  of  Sir  Fretful  Plagiary,  see  No. 
6095.  *  Birmingham',  i.e.  'Brummagem'  or  counterfeit. 

Another  impression,  Attic  Miscellany  stopped  out. 
5iX3|in. 

8183  DR  BOSSEY.  AND  THE  PEOPLE  TAKEN  FROM  THE  LIFE. 
Drawn  by  A.  Van  Assen.  Engrav'd  by  W.  Birch. 

Published  April  i.  iyg2  by  W"^  Birch,  Ar«  2  Macclesfield  Street,  Soho. 

Engraving.  On  a  platform  above  the  heads  of  the  spectators  stands  Dr. 
Bossey,  in  profile  to  the  r.,  holding  out  a  bottle  of  medicine,  while  his 
attendant  mountebank  or  zany  stands  behind  him,  pointing  him  out  to  the 
crowd.  At  the  back  of  the  stage  (1.)  is  a  table  on  which  sits  a  monkey,  also 
holding  out  a  bottle.  Beside  the  table  sits  a  dejected-looking  man,  probably 
a  patient.  In  the  foreground  and  behind  the  stage  stand  spectators.  The 
doctor  wears  the  sword  and  bag-wig  of  a  fashionable  practitioner. 

Bossey  or  Bossy  was,  according  to  Angelo,  who  calls  him  a  German,  the 
last  of  the  itinerant  quack-doctors  who  practised  and  dispensed  medicines 
on  a  stage.  His  real  name  is  said  to  have  been  Garcia.  Reminiscences ,  1904, 
i.  102,  414;  J.  T.  Smith,  Nollekens  and  his  Times,  1920,  p.  255.  He  is  said 
to  be  Rowlandson's  Dr.  Botherum  the  Mountebank  (Grego,  Rowlandson, 
ii.  3,  reproduced).   Cf.  No.  6757. 

Rubens,  No.  31  (reproduction). 
2jX4Jin. 

8184  [A  WAGER,  (two  plates)] 

ATo  I  iyg2 
I  Kay  fecit. 

Engraving.  (No  title.)  Part  of  a  design,  the  other  part  being  on  a  separate 
pL,  see  No.  8185.  A  stout,  well-dressed  man  walks  in  profile  to  the  r., 
carrying  on  his  back  a  diminutive  man  wearing  spurs,  whose  feet  are  in 
straps  which  are  part  of  a  species  of  harness,  worn  over  the  shoulders.  His 
head  is  bound  with  a  cloth  under  his  hat,  and  he  carries  a  handkerchief. 
Behind  him  walks  a  short  man  holding  a  bottle.  They  are  about  to  pass 
two  fishwives  who  walk  (r.  to  1.)  carrying  creels  of  fish  on  their  backs,  the 
straps  across  their  foreheads. 

'Collection',  No.  151.   Kay,  No.  cclxiv. 
4iX4iin. 

8185 

N''  2 

I.  Kay  fecit.  iyg2 

Engraving.  Part  of  a  design,  see  No.  8184.  A  stout,  fashionably  dressed 
man  wearing  spatterdashes,  walks  1.  to  r.,  holding  his  hat;  he  mops  his  face 
with  a  handkerchief,  looking  conscious  of  defeat  in  the  race.  Behind  him 
walks  a  similarly  dressed  man  holding  a  bottle.  They  are  about  to  pass 
an  elderly  fishwife  carrying  a  creel  (r.)  who  walks  from  r.  to  1. 

With  No.  8184  this  depicts  a  walking  match  between  Hamilton  Bell,  W.S., 

964 


PERSONAL   AND    SOCIAL   SATIRES    1792 

carrying  the  waiting-boy  of  the  Star  and  Garter  Tavern  (where  the  bet  was 
made  over  night),  and  Edward  Innes,  a  rich  baker,  from  Edinburgh  to 
Musselburgh,  early  in  the  morning,  when  the  Musselburgh  fishwives  were 
on  their  way  to  the  Edinburgh  market.  Bell's  bottle-holder  was  John  Rae, 
a  noted  surgeon- dentist ;  that  of  Innes  was  James  Cooper,  a  jeweller.  See 
No.  8186,  a  sequel. 

^Collection',  No.  152.  Kay,  No.  cclxv. 
4j|X4tin. 

8186  EXAMINATION. 

N"  3.  iyg2 

I  Kay,  fecit  iyg2 

Engraving  with  aquatint  background.  A  sequel  to  Nos.  8184,  8185.  In  the 
foreground  on  two  chairs  sit  Bell  and  Rae,  goggling  with  fury.  Bell  is  the 
more  prominent ;  Rae,  a  much  smaller  man,  sits  behind  and  to  the  1.  of  his 
principal,  whose  attitude  he  imitates.  Bell  holds  his  hat  in  his  r.  hand,  in 
his  1.  is  a  piece  of  paper.  Behind  their  backs  and  on  the  r.,  Kay,  a  good- 
looking,  well-dressed  man,  stands  in  profile  to  the  r.,  undergoing  an 
examination  by  the  Sheriff,  who  sits  (r.)  in  an  armchair,  his  arm  resting 
on  the  corner  of  a  table  at  which  his  clerk,  in  back  view,  is  writing. 

When  Kay  published  Nos.  8184,  8185,  Bell  and  Rae  began  legal  pro- 
ceedings, and  obtained  an  interdict  prohibiting  publication  of  the  prints. 
Kay  retaliated  by  publishing  this  print.  The  prosecutors  found  they  could 
obtain  no  verdict  as  it  was  shown  that  Bell  did  make  the  bet  and  carry  the 
waiter.  The  SheriflF  is  John  Pringle,  appointed  Sheriff-Deputy  of  Edin- 
burgh in  1790. 

^Collection',  No.  153.  Kay,  No.  cclxvi. 
4fx6iin. 

8187  A  JUST  ASS. 

Kay  fecit  iyg2 

Engraving.  A  man  travestied  as  a  justice  of  peace  with  long  ass's  ears  sits 
in  an  armchair  in  profile  to  the  r.  holding  up  the  emblem  of  justice,  a  pair 
of  scales  which  hang  very  unevenly.  Before  him  is  a  table  with  writing 
materials;  he  points  at  a  document.  His  expression  is  one  of  perplexed 
anxiety.  He  is  slim,  and  well  but  not  fashionably  dressed,  wearing  a  large 
civic  chain  round  his  neck.  Just-ass  was  a  favourite  term  for  a  justice  of 
peace,  cf.  No.  6120. 

'Collection',  No.  154. 
6X3iin. 

8188  SAWNEY  SCOT  AND  JOHN  BULL, 
/i).  [PGillray.] 

Pu¥  April  2&^  iyg2  by  H.  Humphrey  N  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  heads  and  shoulders 
of  two  angry  men  are  in  close  proximity,  their  profiles  almost  touching. 
The  Scot  (1.)  wears  a  Scots  cap  over  his  short  unkempt  hair,  on  it  is  an 
oval  badge  of  a  crowned  thistle.  Over  his  shoulders  is  a  tartan  plaid.  The 
Englishman  wears  an  ill-fitting  wig,  and  on  his  coat  the  number  4$, 

965 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

reminiscent  of  Wilkes  and  the  North  Briton,  and  a  Tudor  rose  in  a  medal- 
lion. Each  glares  at  the  other  with  staring  eye-balls ;  the  Scot  is  lean  and 
fierce,  with  closed  mouth  and  projecting  under  jaw;  John  Bull  is  fat,  with 
gaping  mouth. 
3ix6|in. 

8189  LE  D^BARQUEMENT  DU  CHEVALIER  JOHN  BULL  ET  DE 
SA  FAMILLE  A  BOULOGNE  SUR  MER. 

THE  LANDING  OF  SIR  JOHN  BULL  &  HIS  FAMILY,  AT 
BOULOGNE  SUR  MER. 

[Gillray  after  Bunbury.] 

Published  May  31'^  1792.  by  H,  Humphrey,  N""  18  Old  Bond  Street, 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Three  burly  French  fishwives  carry  on 
their  backs  through  the  water  three  English  visitors  from  a  boat  on  the 
extreme  r.  Two  other  fishwives  stand  in  the  water  by  the  boat  trying  to 
persuade  a  stout  and  angry  lady  to  entrust  herself  to  them ;  a  Frenchman 
in  the  boat  also  addresses  her.  On  the  shore  (1.)  a  group  of  French  people 
waits  their  arrival :  foremost  is  a  postilion  standing  in  the  huge  milk-churn 
boots  (worn  only  on  horseback)  which  so  much  surprised  English  visitors. 
He  holds  out  a  paper  inscribed  Poste  Royale.  A  hotel  servant  holds  back 
the  postilion  and  proffers  a  card  inscribed  Hotel  d'Angleterre ;  he  wears  a 
nightcap  with  a  bag-wig  and  ruffles  and  stands  chapeau-bras.  Beside  him 
is  a  rival  tout,  a  dwarfish  man  or  boy  dressed  in  a  slovenly  manner,  his  feet 
in  sabots  stuffed  with  straw ;  he  holds  out  a  card  inscribed  Hotel .... 
Behind  them  (1.)  are  a  monk  and  a  fishwife  with  a  basket  on  her  back,  her 
bare  feet  in  sabots  shaped  like  mules  but  stuffed  with  straw.  A  dog, 
grotesquely  shaved  in  the  French  manner,  completes  the  group.  Cliffs  (1.) 
form  a  background. 

The  foremost  passenger  is  a  typical  John  Bull  wearing  top-boots ;  he  has 
an  expression  of  fixed  determination,  his  wig  slips  from  his  head  and  his 
hat  is  falling  into  the  sea.  Next  is  a  lady  wearing  a  riding-habit  and  a  high- 
crowned  hat.  A  younger  man,  fashionably  dressed,  with  high  hat,  long 
breeches,  and  short  boots,  leers  down  at  the  woman  who  carries  him.  The 
fishwives  are  dressed  alike  with  frilled  muslin  caps,  loose  jackets,  and  short 
petticoats ;  they  wear  ear-rings,  and  crosses  hang  from  their  necks. 

Smollett  describes  the  miseries  of  a  landing  at  Boulogne,  Travels  through 
Italy  and  France,  1766.  Frederick  Reynolds  was  forcibly  carried  ashore  by 
fishwives  at  Calais  in  1792,  at  least  forty  poissardes  wading  towards  the 
vessel.  He  attributes  this  to  *5anj-cw/o«£5  principles'.  Life  and  Times,  1826, 
ii.  137-8. 

Grego,  Gillray,  pp.  144-5.  Wright  and  Evans,  No.  46. 
8JX25fin. 

8190  A  BACK  VIEW  OF  THE  CAPE. 

Miss  Keate  deV-  [Gillray  f.] 

Pu¥  March  23^  iyg2.  by  H.  Humphrey  N""  18  Old  Bond  Street 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  fashionably  dressed  man  stands  in 
back  view,  a  round  hat  in  his  hand,  a  bludgeon  under  his  1.  arm.  He  wears 

966 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

a  tail-coat  with  a  large  cape-like  collar  with  revers.  Above  this  appears 
the  high  stiff  collar  at  the  back  of  his  waistcoat.  His  hair  falls  on  his  coat 
collar  and  his  shoulders  are  frosted  with  hair-powder  (a  fashion  of  the  day), 
cf.  Nos.  7537,  8192.  He  wears  half-boots  and  breeches  tied  below  the 
knee  with  a  bunch  of  strings.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8191. 
9 J  X  6|  in.   With  border,  lof  X  8|  in. 

8191  NECK  OR  NOTHING 
Miss  Keate  del'  [Gillray  f.] 

Pu¥  March  2^^  1792.  by  H.  Humphrey,  iV<>  18  Old  Bond  Street. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  satire  on  high  collars  and  voluminous 
neck-cloths.  A  good-looking  young  man  stands  full  face,  holding  out  in 
his  (gloved)  1.  hand  a  round  hat  and  bludgeon.  His  r.  hand  is  behind  his 
back  and  under  his  coat,  which  is  open  to  display  a  double-breasted  waist- 
coat with  wide  lapels,  within  which  is  another  collar  and  a  swathed  neck- 
cloth tied  in  a  bow.  The  high  collar  of  his  tail-coat  adds  to  the  numerous 
swathings  round  his  neck.  His  (powdered)  hair  hangs  loosely  on  the  collar 
of  his  coat.  He  wears  striped  stockings  and  low  shoes  with  rosettes.  A 
companion  print  to  No.  8190. 
9 A  X  6|  in.   With  border,  io|  X  8|  in. 

8192  A  SPENCER  &  A  THREAD-PAPER. 
[Gillray.] 

Pu¥  May  ly'^  iyg2:  by  H.  Humphrey  N"  18  Old  Bond  Street, 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Two  men  in  back  view  walk  arm-in-arm, 
one  (1.)  is  short  and  fat,  the  other  tall  and  thin.  The  former  wears  a  short 
coat  or  spencer  over  his  tail-coat,  with  wrinkled  top-boots  and  a  round  hat, 
and  carries  a  riding-switch.  His  hair  is  in  a  short  queue  with  projecting 
side-pieces.  The  other  wears  a  cylindrical  hat  with  brim  curled  up  at  the 
sides,  a  coat  reaching  almost  to  his  ankles  with  five  capes  forming  a  point 
in  the  centre  of  the  back,  with  shoes  tied  with  strings.  He  carries  a 
bludgeon.  The  shoulders  of  both  men  are  frosted  with  powder,  see  No. 
8190.  There  is  a  landscape  background. 

The  spencer  was  a  short  double-breasted  overcoat  without  tails  called 
after  George  John  Spencer,  2nd  Earl  Spencer  (1758-1834),  who  is 
probably  here  caricatured.  Gillray  anticipates  the  earliest  use  of  the 
word  (1796)  in  the  O.E.D.  The  name  derives  from  Earl  Spencer's  bet  in 
1792  that  he  would  invent  a  coat  which  should  become  the  fashion.  Social 
England,  ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  676.  This  garment  was  associated  by  Byron 
in  English  Bards  and  Scotch  Reviewers  with  Sir  Lumley  Skeffington  (1771- 
1850): 

And  sure  great  Skeffington  must  claim  our  praise, 

For  skirtless  coats  and  skeletons  of  plays. 

Grego,  Gillray,  p.   160  (small  copy).    Wright  and  Evans,  No.  393. 
Reprinted,  G.W.G.,  1830.    Reproduced:  Paston,  pi.  xl;  Social  England, 
ed.  Traill,  1904,  v.  676. 
9iX7iin. 

967 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8193  A  TARTAN  BELLE  OF  1792. 
[L  Cruikshank.] 

Pub  June  21  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  AT^  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  A  young  woman  walks  mincingly  (1.  to  r.),  her  1.  hand  extended, 
in  her  r.  is  a  large  closed  fan.  Check  or  tartan  ribbons  form  the  crown  of 
her  hat  and  the  bows  with  which  it  is  trimmed.  A  similar  tartan  is  worn 
as  a  pelerine,  crossed  at  the  waist  and  tied  in  a  bow,  long  voluminous  ends 
hanging  down  the  back  of  her  dress.  A  tartan  ribbon  is  tied  to  the  handle 
of  her  fan.  From  the  brim  of  her  hat,  in  which  is  an  erect  ostrich  feather, 
hangs  a  transparent  curtain  of  gauze.  Her  hair,  cut  short  across  the  fore- 
head, hangs  down  her  back  in  a  long  queue,  tied  up  at  the  end  with  a  bow. 
There  is  a  landscape  background, 
iijxyjin. 

8194  A  BEEF  EATER. 
[L  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub:  October  24  i';g2  by  S  W  Fores y  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  stout  lady  stands  full  face,  in  her  dress 
and  pose  there  is  something  of  the  beef-eater :  she  wears  a  flat  round  hat 
trimmed  with  ribbon.  A  coat  of  masculine  cut  is  held  across  her  chest  by 
a  single  button,  over  a  waistcoat  and  cravat.  Her  full  plain  skirt  has  a  very 
wide  circumference  below  the  waist.  In  her  r.  hand  she  holds  the  vertical 
shaft  of  a  long  parasol  which  rests  on  the  ground  in  the  manner  of  a  pike. 
From  her  fob  hangs  a  watch.  There  is  a  landscape  background. 

Perhaps  intended  for  the  Duchess  of  Gordon  or  Mrs.  Hobart. 
11x8  in. 

8195  A  DUTCH  ACADEMY. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Pu¥  by  T.  Rowlandson^  N"  52  Strand  March  1792. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  an  art-school.  A  stout 
woman  (nude)  sprawls  awkwardly  on  an  armchair  on  the  model  throne, 
round  which  fat  Dutchmen  are  grouped.  One,  seated  on  an  upturned  tub 
(r.),  paints  at  a  large  canvas  on  an  easel,  the  figure  being  realistically  drawn. 
Others  sit  on  the  floor  or  on  stools,  drawing  on  smaller  canvases.  One 
stands  (1.)  behind  a  high  desk.  Some  smoke  pipes.  The  room  is  lit  by  a 
smoky  lamp  hanging  from  the  roof,  throwing  the  light  directly  on  the 
model.  On  the  wall  are  prints,  casts  on  brackets,  and  a  picture.  A  ladder 
leans  against  a  beam.  The  artists  wear  the  round  hats,  short  jackets,  and 
bulky  breeches  of  Dutchmen  in  caricature. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  306-7.    See  also  Angelo,  Reminiscences y  1904, 
i.  183. 
5jX9in.  'Caricatures',  ix.  10. 

8196  COLD  BROTH  &  CALAMITY 
Rowlandson  iyg2 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Skaters  have  fallen  upon  breaking  ice, 
some  lie  flat;  heads  and  legs  and  arms  emerge  in  wild  confusion.   In  the 

968 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1792 

middle  distance  (r.)  two  skaters,  one  a  parson,  flee  headlong  from  the 
danger-spot.  On  the  shore  (1.)  three  men  stand  watching  the  catastrophe 
with  amusement.  Farther  off  is  a  marquee  within  which  are  tiny  figures 
seated  at  a  table. 

Grego,  Rowlandsoity  i.  293,  313-14. 
7jx  iij  in.  ^Caricatures',  ix.  38. 

8197  A  BAWD  ON  HER  LAST  LEGS. 
T.  Rowlandson  iyg2 

Pub  Oct'  I  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  fat  old  woman  leans  back  in  an  arm- 
chair, her  1.  leg  thrust  forward.  She  pulls  up  her  petticoat  to  display  the 
bare  leg,  on  which  is  a  running  sore,  to  an  aged  doctor  (r.),  who  bends 
over  it,  holding  his  spectacles  to  his  eyes.  Her  desperate  plight  is  apparent 
in  the  fixed  stare  with  which  she  looks  up  and  to  the  r.  By  her  side  (1.)  is 
a  bottle  and  glass.  A  pretty  young  courtesan,  resting  her  1.  arm  on  the 
back  of  the  chair,  leans  forward  to  hold  a  candle  above  the  leg. 
8|xi2iin. 

8198  ST  JAMES'S. 
ST  GILES'S 

H.  Wigstead  Ini:^  [Rowlandson  f.] 

Published  by  T  Rowlandson,  Strand  Janv  iyg2  &  S  W  Fores  N"*  3 
Piccadilly^ 

Engraving.  Two  designs  on  one  pi.  Above  are  two  fashionably  dressed 
courtesans  (T.Q.L.)  seated  facing  each  other;  one  (r.)  holds  a  punch-bowl, 
the  other,  who  looks  at  the  spectator  with  a  leer,  holds  a  glass.  Below,  two 
burly  women,  prostitutes  of  the  lowest  type,  stand  together,  full  face,  one 
(1.)  with  her  arm  across  the  shoulders  of  the  other.   Cf.  Nos.  6764,  6765. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  306.   Reissued  (Fores),  1794. 
9iX5iin. 

8199  ODDITIES,  [i] 

H,  Wigstead,  Ini^  [Rowlandson  f.] 

Published  by  T.  Rowlandson,  Strand,  Jany  iyg2  &  S  W  Fores  N°  3 
Piccadilly.^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  One  of  three  plates  with  the  same  title, 
each  of  heads  of  men,  whose  facial  peculiarities  are  burlesqued.  The  treat- 
ment of  the  profiles  resembles  that  of  Grose,  see  No.  7457.  Six  heads  all 
in  profile.  The  diff^erent  types  of  hairdressing  though  striking  are  probably 
not  caricatured.  For  the  title  cf.  No.  7953. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  306.^  Reissued  (Fores),  1794. 
6|X9Jin. 

"  Fores's  imprint  is  added  in  another  hand,  a  4  being  etched  over  the  original  2 
of  1792. 

*  Two  prints  only  listed. 

969 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8200  ODDITIES.  [2] 

[Signature  and  imprint  as  No.  8199.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Five  caricature  heads,  three  in  profile, 
two  directed  to  the  1. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTiy  i.  306.*  Reissued  (Fores),  1794. 
6|X9iin. 

8201  ODDITIES.  [3] 

[Signature  and  imprint  as  No.  8199.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Five  caricature  heads,  two  in  profile, 
three  nearly  full  face,  one  being  that  of  a  parson  with  wide-open  mouth 
and  irregular  teeth. 

Grego,  RowlandsoTiy  i.  306.^   Reissued  (Fores),  1794. 
6|X9Jin. 

8202  THE  GRAND-PAPA. 
H:  Wigstead.  [Rowlandson  f.] 

Published  by  T  Rowlandson  Strand  Janv  iyg22  &  S  W  Fores  N'^  3 
Piccadilly  Jany .  i.  iyg4 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  young  woman  holds  a  little  girl  on 
her  lap;  an  ugly  elderly  man  (T.Q.L.)  leans  towards  the  child,  holding  a 
piece  of  sugar  between  his  lips.  The  child  looks  up  delightedly.  On  a 
table  beside  them  (r.)  is  a  tray  of  tea-things. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  313,  320.   Reissued  (Fores),  1794. 
5i6X7iin. 

8203  [THE  CONVOCATION.] 
[Rowlandson.] 

[Pub.  S.  W.  Fores,  5  Nov.  1792] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Nine  clergymen  stand  in  conversation, 
the  most  prominent  being  a  stout  bishop  (r.)  wearing  a  gown  and  lawn 
sleeves ;  he  turns  superciliously  from  a  clergyman  who  addresses  him,  and 
looks  towards  a  stout  parson  wearing  an  apron  in  profile  to  the  r.,  who  faces 
the  bishop,  his  spectacles  pushed  up  on  his  forehead.  In  the  manner  of  a 
pen  drawing ;  some  of  the  detail  is  added  in  water-colour.  The  imprint  is 
cut  off,  the  title  is  written  in  an  old  hand. 

Grego,  Rozolandsony  i.  312. 
8xiiJ  in. 

8204  THE  BANK. 
[Rowlandson.] 

Published  by  T.  Rowlandson,  Strand  Jany  1792. 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  Sir  Robert  Taylor's  rotunda  in  the  Bank  of 
England  when  used  as  a  stock  exchange.  An  arc  of  the  pilastered  wall  and 
part  of  the  domed  ceiling  form  a  background.   The  floor  is  covered  with 

*  Two  prints  only  listed. 

*  Rowlandson's  imprint  has  been  scored  through  and  almost  erased  but  is  just 
legible. 

970 


PERSONAL    AND   SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

groups  of  small  figures,  three  ladies  among  them.  They  are  drawn  realisti- 
cally with  a  certain  humorous  intention.  On  the  extreme  1.  a  Jew  talks 
to  a  young  blood  in  top-boots.  On  the  r.  a  man  wearing  a  cocked  hat, 
holding  a  staff  and  waving  a  rattle,  stands  above  a  crowd  of  excited  bidders. 
On  the  wall  above  his  head  is  the  notice :  No  Clerk  to  act  as  broker.  Behind 
is  a  table  at  which  men  stand  to  write.  On  the  wall  above  it  is  the  inscrip- 
tion Navy  &c  £s  P''  C  Ann'. 

The  original  water-colour  (i6JX25f  in.),  the  groups  of  figures  varying 
slightly,  is  in  the  Bank  of  England.  Historical  Catalogue  of  Engravings ^ 
Drawings  and  Paintings  in  the  Bank  of  England y  1928,  No.  164.  Reproduc- 
tion, PI.  XV. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  306. 
5ix8iin. 

8205-8208 
Prints  after  Bunbury,  engraved  by  W.  Dickinson. 

8205  A  SMOKING  CLUB. 

Engraved  from  an  Original  by  H,  Bunbury  Esq^ 

London^  Publish'dy  May  i^^  1792^  by  W:  Dickinson^  Engraver^  N^  24^ 

Old  Bond  Street 
Stipple.  Four  men  smoking  long  pipes  sit  stiffly  in  upright  wooden  chairs. 
One  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  very  obese,  is  an  old  military  officer  with  a 
wooden  leg ;  next  is  a  lean  man  in  back  view,  next  a  stout  man  sits  full  face, 
and  on  the  r.  is  a  thin  man  in  profile  to  the  1.  seated  beside  a  rectangular 
table  on  which  is  a  glass  and  a  large  jug.  All  have  expressions  of  solemn 
vacuity.  They  emit  clouds  of  smoke  from  mouth  or  pipe  which  fill  the 
upper  part  of  the  bare  room.  On  the  wall  (r.)  is  a  print  of  Fox,  W.L., 
declaiming  with  r.  arm  raised.  Cf.  No.  8220. 
3jXi8in. 

8206  PATIENCE  IN  A  PUNT. 

Engraved  from  an  Original  Drawing  by  H.  Bunbury  Escf 
London,  Published,  May  J^  1792,  by  W:  Dickinsony  Engraver  & 
PrintselleTy  N""  24,  Old  Bond  Street, 

Stipple.  Three  elderly  citizens  in  a  punt  which  is  propelled  by  a  boy  (1.) 
wearing  trousers.  Two  are  fishing:  one  stands,  chapeau-braSy  the  other, 
who  is  obese,  sits  in  a  chair.  The  third  (r.)  sits  in  a  chair  smoking,  his 
back  to  the  others.  The  standing  fisherman,  who  wears  spectacles,  has 
hooked  a  small  dog.  Trees  form  a  background;  a  sign-board  projects  into 
the  design  from  the  r.  inscribed  The  Old  \  Hot  Eel  \  Every  D[ay']y  perhaps 
indicating  Eel  Pie  Island  on  the  Thames.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8207. 

Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  cxlii. 
8xi2jin. 

8207  PATIENCE  IN  A  PUNT.  NO  2. 

Engraved  from  an  Original  Drawing  by  H.  Bunbury  Esq^ 
London,  Published  May  i^  1792  by  W:  Dickinson,  Engraver  &  Print- 
seller  A^o  24  Old  Bond  Street. 
Stipple.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8206.  Three  elderly  citizens  in  a  punt 
which  is  under  trees  and  moored  to  a  pole.  A  fourth  man  wearing  trousers, 

971 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

who  stands  putting  a  worm  on  a  hook,  is  probably  the  boatman.  Two  sit 
on  chairs ;  one  yawns  violently,  his  rod  leaning  against  his  shoulder,  another 
(r.)  with  closed  eyes  holds  his  rod  with  the  line  festooned  about  it,  its  bait, 
a  worm,  dangles  above  the  water  and  is  about  to  be  swallowed  by  a  swan. 
The  third  stands  (1.),  having  removed  his  coat  and  wig  which  hang  on  the 
back  of  a  chair.  He  has  hooked  a  branch.  In  the  background  is  a  second 
punt,  trees,  and  a  house  on  the  river  bank. 
8xi2|in. 

8208  BETHNAL  GREEN. 

From  an  Original  Drawing  by  H.  Bunhury  Esq' 
London,  Published  June  iP^  1792 ^  by  W,  Dickinson,  N°  24,  Old  Bond 
Street, 

Stipple.  A  *cit*  and  his  wife  stand  outside  their  country  box  at  Bethnal 
Green,  about  to  start  on  a  shooting  expedition.  The  stout  lady  (1.)  stands 
full  face,  yawning  violently,  her  eyes  closed;  she  holds  an  umbrella  and 
her  husband's  wig,  and  wears  a  riding-habit  with  a  feathered  hat.  The  man 
stands  loading  his  (cocked)  gun  with  a  ram-rod.  He  is  obese,  his  dress  is 
old-fashioned,  and  a  game-bag  is  slung  across  his  shoulder.  On  the  r.  is 
a  bitch  with  a  bone  in  her  mouth.  Behind  (1.)  is  a  man  in  a  low-wheeled 
cart.  In  the  background  are  shrubs  behind  a  paling,  from  among  which 
rises  a  grotesque  tower  (with  curved  ^Chinese'  eaves),  probably  the  'cits* 
gazebo  or  summer-house.  At  the  gate  is  a  large  board  inscribed  Men  Traps. 
After  the  title  is  engraved.  Hie  away  Juno! 

One  of  many  satires  on  the  cockney  sportsman  (cf.  No.  7756,  &c.)  and 
the  cit's  'country  box',  favourite  subjects  of  Bunbury,  cf.  No.  4722  and 
The  City  Hunt.  Described  in  Laurie  and  Whittle's  Catalogue ,  1795,  p.  35 
(price  2s.  6d.y  ^s.  coloured). 
10X13!  in. 

8209  [A  GHOST  IN  A  WINE  CELLARS] 

Designed  &  Etch'd  by  R  Newton  J  Hassall  Aquatinta [W. 

Holland]  Oxford  Street 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Five  naval  officers  drinking  in  a  wine- 
cellar  are  startled  and  terrified  at  the  apparition  of  a  ghost  in  armour  who 
has  joined  the  party  and  sits  (1.)  in  profile  to  the  r.,  leaning  forward  and 
drinking  with  concentration.  The  five  men  are  much  caricatured,  with 
goggling  eyes  and  distorted  mouths.  They  sit  on  stools  behind  a  circular 
table  on  which  are  decanters,  glasses,  and  a  lighted  candle.  Behind  them 
three  large  wine-bottles  stand  on  trestles.  On  the  1.  behind  the  intruder 
are  the  cellar  stairs  leading  down  from  a  closed  door,  with  the  key  in  the 
lock.  Cf.  No.  7614. 
iijxi6}  in. 

8210  REHEARSING  A  COTILION. 

J  Nixon  iyg2  Etched  by  I  Cruikshank 

Pu¥  by  S  W  Fores  N""  3  Piccadilly  April,  2,  iyg2 

Engraving.    Groups  of  dancers  practise  figures  of  a  cotillion  in  a  ball- 
room with  a  small  musician's  gallery  supported  on  pillars,  in  which  are 
'  Mutilated;  title  missing,  the  word  Many  remains  (?  One  too  many). 

972  r 


PERSONAL  AND  SOCIAL  SATIRES  1792 

an  oboist,  two  violinists,  and  a  harpist,  playing  intently  and  paying  no 
attention  to  a  man  who  stands  below,  with  outstretched  arms,  shouting 
directions.  The  room  is  lit  by  candles  in  wall  brackets.  In  the  centre 
of  the  balcony  is  an  oval  medallion :  a  man  plays  a  lyre  and  three  nude 
nymphs  dance.  Several  of  the  dancers  hold  papers  of  directions  headed 
CotilioTiy  with  a  description  of  figures  i  to  8.  The  scene  is  one  of  con- 
fusion. On  the  1.  persons  stand  inspecting  the  dancers.  One  man  only  is 
dressed  as  a  blood  of  the  period  with  cropped  hair,  high-collared  waist- 
coat, 'hanging  collar',  and  long  breeches  (see  No.  8040,  &c.).  He  stands 
(1.)  superciliously  inspecting  the  dancers  through  an  eye-glass.  See  also 
No.  7441. 

Reproduced,  G.  Vuillard,  Hist,  of  Dancingy  1898,  ii.  428. 

i5|X2if  in. 

8211  A  LYING-IN  VISIT  OR  A  SHORT  SIGHTED  MISTAKE. 

Pub  Ap^^  I.  iyg2  by  S  W  Fores  N"  3  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  lady  (1.)  darts  forward  in  profile  to 
the  r.,  bending  low,  both  arms  extended  towards  a  coal-scuttle  which  a 
footman  in  livery  is  bringing  in.  He  looks  at  her  with  irritated  dismay. 
She  says :  O  You  pretty  creature! — bless  the  dear  baby^  how  it  smiles  give  it 
to  me  Nurse — it  has  exactly  itspapa^s  nose  &  mamma's  eyes.  O  it  is  a  delight- 
ful  little  Creature.  She  wears  a  plain  striped  gown  with  a  sash,  a  high- 
crowned  hat  of  checked  material ;  ringlets  fall  on  her  shoulders. 

8^1  X  13  in.  'Caricatures',  x.  248. 

82 I 2-82 I 7 

Sayer's  'Drolls'.       ♦ 

8212  THE  ABSENT  MAN. 

Published  i&^  Jany  1792  by  Rol^  Sayer  &  C'*N<'53  Fleet  Street, 
London. 

Engraving.  A  man  walks  absent-mindedly  into  a  shallow  pond,  turning  his 
back  on  the  path  which  leads  to  a  stile  (r.).  His  arms  are  crossed  on  his 
chest,  a  closed  umbrella  is  under  his  arm.  A  paper  inscribed  Rights  of  Man 
(for  Paine 's  book  see  No.  7867,  &c.)  projects  from  his  pocket,  showing  that 
he  is  absorbed  in  political  contemplation.  On  the  1.  a  fashionably  dressed 
couple  point  at  him  with  amusement,  and  their  small  dog  barks  at  him. 
Trees  form  a  background.   L.  and  W.,  No.  75. 

7X9iVn. 

82 1 3  WARM  THOUGHTS  ABOUT  MATRIMONY,  ON  A  WINTER 
EVENING. 

Published  2'^  July  iyg2,  by  Ro¥  Sayer  &  C«  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  Three  good-looking  young  women  sit  before  a  large  fire,  pull- 
ing up  their  petticoats  to  warm  their  legs.  One  (1.)  has  an  open  book 
inscribed  Matrimony — To  have  and  to  hold,  she  appears  to  be  reading  to 

973 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

the  Others.  A  cat  plays  with  a  mouse  (r.).  The  wall-paper  and  carpet  and 
the  striped  backs  of  the  three  chairs  complete  the  design.    L.  and  W., 
No.  80. 
6|x8|  in. 

8214  A  POINT  OF  HONOUR. 

Published  10^^  July  1792,  by  RoU  Sayer  &  C""  Fleet  Street,  London. 

Engraving.  Two  duellists  face  each  other,  one  dressed  like  a  buck  of  the 
period,  the  other,  a  stout  man,  dressed  like  a  naval  officer  (r.).  The  former 
takes  aim,  looking  through  an  eye-glass,  and  has  a  second  pistol  in  his 
pocket;  the  latter  holds  his  pistol  down,  his  second  pistol  lies  on  the 
ground.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  a  terrified  surgeon  with  instruments  under 
his  arm  takes  shelter  behind  a  tree  with  a  young  man  wearing  regimentals, 
who  peeps  round  it  at  the  combatants.  The  heads  of  two  spectators  appear 
over  the  edge  of  the  grassy  plateau  on  which  the  duellists  stand.  L.  and  W., 
No.  82. 
6fx8f  in. 

8215  THE  POLITE  ALDERMAN,  ADVANCING  TO   FUTURE 
HAPPINESS. 

[?I.  Cruikshank.] 

Published  J*^  Aug"*  ^792y  by  RoU  Sayer  &  C°  Fleet  Street  London. 

Engraving.  A  very  stout  alderman  (r.),  holding  hat  and  cane,  bows  low 
before  an  equally  stout  lady  (1.)  who  curtseys,  her  hands  in  an  enormous 
muff,  from  which  a  small  dog  looks  out.  A  fat  and  clumsy  dog  stands 
behind  the  alderman.  The  background  is  a  stone  wall.  Beneath  the  title 
is  engraved:  ** Madam  zvill  you  honor  me  zvith  your  hand  at  the  Lord 
Mayors  Ball" — "  With  a  great  Deal  of  pleasure  M^  Alderman."  L.  and  W., 
No.  83. 
6|x8iiin. 

8216  THE  GIGG,  WITH  A  VIEW  OF  EPSOM  DOWNS. 

[?  After  Dighton.] 

London,  Printed  for  Robert  Sayer  &  C°  Chart  &  Printseller,  N'>  55, 
Fleet  Street,  5,  Aug.  1792. 

Engraving.  A  plainly  dressed  man  drives  a  gig  (r.  to  1.)  on  Epsom  downs ; 
the  horse  kicks,  the  man  pulls  at  the  reins,  his  companion  in  the  gig 
attempts  to  climb  out,  clutching  the  back  of  the  seat  and  displaying  her 
leg  above  the  knee.  Behind  (r.)  is  a  tent  where  liquor  is  sold,  indicated  by 
a  round  bottle  tied  to  the  horizontal  pole.  In  the  background  is  the  race- 
course, surrounded  by  a  railing ;  spectators  stand  on  the  flat  roof  of  a  square 
building;  gigs  and  coaches  are  driving  round  the  course  inside  the  rails. 
L.  and  W.,  No.  8. 

A  coloured  impression  in  'Caricatures',  ii.  134. 
6ix8iin. 

974 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

8217  THE  RABBITS. 

Published  Ocr  5'*  1792,  by  Rob^  Sayer  &  C"  Fleet  Street  London. 

Engraving.  A  negro  selling  rabbits  kneels  on  the  pavement  with  his  basket, 
looking  up  at  a  young  woman  who  stands  at  the  door  of  a  house ;  she  holds 
up  one  of  the  rabbits  by  a  hind-leg.  A  manservant  holding  a  dish  stands 
behind  her,  grinning.  Behind  is  the  corner  of  a  street.  Beneath  the  title 
is  engraved : 

Miss — O  la  how  it  smells — sure  its  notfreshy 

Mungo — Be  gar  Misse  dat  no  fair — If  Blacke  Man  take  you  by  Leg  so — 
you  smell  too. 

Mungo,  from  Bickerstaffe's  Padlock  (1768),  was  the  generic  name  for  a 
negro,  especially  a  negro  slave,  cf.  No.  5030.  L.  and  W.,  No.  87. 
8 J  X  6f  in. 

8218  AN  IRISH  CHEROKEE.  [i  May  1792] 

Engraving.  Hibernian  Magazine^  1792,  i.  289.  A  young  man  stands  full 
face  in  a  swaggering  attitude,  both  arms  raised  above  his  head,  a  bludgeon 
in  his  1.  hand.  The  text  describes  the  Cherokee  Club  of  Dublin,  recently 
formed  by  rich  and  fashionable  young  men.  The  members  must  be  expert 
duellists,  bullies,  topers,  and  rakes.  They  have  had  several  desperate  (and 
successful)  battles  with  the  police,  and  citizens  are  forced  to  go  armed  after 
dusk.  The  plate  is  'taken  from  the  Attic  Miscellany ^  p.  154'  (not  in  B.M.L.), 
and  is  in  fact  a  copy  of  No.  8180,  with  slight  alterations.  For  the  Dublin 
rake  cf.  No.  5277. 
5|X3f  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

8219  MATRIMONIAL  SPECULATION.  [i  Oct.  1792] 

[Esdall  sc.^] 

Stipple.  Hibernian  Magazine^  1792,  ii.  193.  One  of  many  imitations  of 
No.  7229,  &c.  A  strip  design  of  eight  couples  who  contemplate  marriage. 
The  'speculations'  are  engraved  over  the  heads  of  the  characters,  [i]  A  young 
blood  dressed  as  a  'crop'  (cf.  No.  8040,  &c.)  and  wearing  a  tall  hat  inspects 
a  thin  elderly  woman  holding  a  fan ;  he  thinks,  In  all  human  probability  She 
cannot  exist  a  fortnight,  [2]  An  old  man  bends  towards  a  young  girl,  almost 
a  child :  Egad  I'll  venture — Crim  Con  rises  so  high  in  value,  I  shall  probably 
make  a  great  deal  of  Money  by  the  Bargain.  [3]  An  obese  elderly  citizen 
inspects  a  stout  elderly  woman :  She  will  be  a  great  addition  to  the  Shop. 
[4]  An  elderly  crone  peers  at  the  back  of  a  heavily  built  young  man :  A  very 
proper  young  Man  for  Business — the  make  of  his  shoulders  pleases  me  vastly. 
[5]  A  pregnant  girl  takes  the  arm  of  a  scowling  yokel,  saying,  Never  moind 

Jahn,  it  may  be  all  for  the  best.  He  answers,  If  it  does  Fll  be  D d!  [6]  A 

stout,  elderly,  and  ugly  woman  looks  insinuatingly  at  a  rakish  young  man 
with  a  bludgeon  under  his  arm.  He  says.  By  S^  Patrick,  M^^  Anniseed,  the 
more  I  think  of  your  Proposal  about  Marriage,  the  more  I  like  it, — Bekase 
d'ye  see,  I  can  afford  then  to  drink  all  my  Drams  out  of  my  own  Bar,— free 
gratis  for  nothing!!!  [7]  An  officer  wearing  a  gorget,  who  is  short  and  fat 
to  deformity,  looks  up  at  a  fine  young  woman:  She's  devilish  tall!!! — but 

*  From  'an  original  Design  in  the  Collection  of  a  celebrated  Amateur*. 

975 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

ril  have  her— She'll  improve  the  Regiment.    [8]  A  thin  ugly  woman  sits 
looking  up  at  a  stolid-looking  footman  in  livery:  A  good  Subject  for  keeping 
up  the  Family  Title— F II  hire  him, 
six  i8|  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  6154  ka. 

8220  THE  SMOAKING  CLUB. 

LondoUy  Publish' d  10  J  any  iyg2  by  Bull  &  Jeffryes,  Ludgate  Hill. 
I.  Boyne,  DeP  E.  Scott  Sculp 

Stipple.  Elderly  men  sit  and  stand,  all  smoking  long  pipes ;  large  clouds 
of  smoke  issue  from  their  mouths,  but  little  or  nothing  comes  from  the 
bowls  of  their  pipes.  Most  sit  or  stand  silently  morose ;  two  standing  men 
(1.)  appear  to  be  puffing  smoke  in  each  other's  faces.  One  leans  back,  appar- 
ently asleep,  but  smoking.  An  ugly  man  seated  on  the  extreme  r.  takes  the 
hand  of  a  pretty  young  woman  who  stands  opposite  him ;  he  holds  a  large 
key.  She  slips  a  note  into  the  hand  of  a  fierce-looking  military  officer  who 
stands  with  his  back  to  her.  On  the  wall  (r.)  is  a  placard :  At  a  general  meet- 
ing of  this  Society  y  it  was  resolv'd  by  a  Majority  of  Independent  members,  that 
any  member  may  be  Indulged  zcith  having  the  Key  brought  him,  by  his  Servant 
or  hand-maid,  but  on  no  pretence  whatever  be  followd  by  that  bane  of  good 
fellowship  calld  the  White  Sergeant.  Above  the  door  are  framed  Rules : 

J*^  No  Gemman  to  be  a  member  of  this  Society  who  cannot  smoke  three 
pipes  at  one  sitting — 

NB  no  Spitting 

2^  No  members  pipe  to  be  more  than  14  Inches  nor  less  than  nine  unless 
permitted  so  to  do  by  the  Landlady 

5^  Every  member  to  find  his  own  Stopper 

4^  Any  member  who  puffs  designedly  in  the  face  of  another ,  to  be  find  six- 
pence or  be  puff'd  at  in  return  by  the  whole  company 

5^*  All  fines  to  be  spent  in  Porter 

T.  Tzoig  Secy 

On  the  back  wall  is  a  large  print  of  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  seated  smoking 
(r.)  while  a  servant  raises  a  bucket  to  fling  at  the  smoke. 

*A  man  fetched  from  the  tavern  or  alehouse  by  his  wife,  is  said  to  be 
arrested  by  the  white  Serjeant.'   Grose,  Diet.  Vulgar  Tongue,  1796.    Cf. 
No.  8206. 
i3iXi7f  in. 

8221  THE  WISE  SCHOOLMASTER. 
Designed  by  G.  M.  Woodward. 

London  Published  March  i^  1792.  by  S.  W.  Fores  N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  circle.  An  elderly  man,  wearing 
a  large  hat,  sits  (1.),  hands  on  knees  in  a  bare,  ramshackle  room,  looking 
sourly  at  a  little  boy  holding  an  open  book.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved  : 
/  dont  know  what  this  is  Sir — Not  know  what  that  is! — why  you  little  stupid 
Blockhead  I  have  a  great  mind  never  to  lam  you  to  spell  again — but  however 
skip  and  go  on.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8222. 
Diam.  7  in.  With  border,  7||  in. 

976 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

8222  THE  DUTIFUL  GRANDSON. 
Designed  by  G.  M.  Woodward. 

London  Published  March  i'^  1792,  by  S.  W.  Fores,  A^«  3  Piccadilly, 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  circle.  An  old  woman  and  a 
little  boy  sit  facing  each  other  in  a  bare  and  dilapidated  room.  She  sits  in 
profile  to  the  1.,  in  an  armchair,  threading  a  needle;  a  shirt  lies  on  her 
patched  apron.  He  sits  with  hands  folded.  Between  and  behind  them  sits 
a  cat.  Beneath  the  title  is  engraved :  /  loish  from  my  heart — one  of  us  three 
was  hang'd — /  don't  mean  you  poor  Puss — nor  I  don't  mean  myself.  A 
companion  print  to  No.  8221. 
Diam.  7  in.  With  border,  y\l  in. 

A  later  version  of  this  subject  with  the  same  title  and  inscription  and  a 
different  background  is  in  'Caricatures',  x.  243. 
4X2^1  in. 

8223  THE  MAD  BULLOCK. 
[After  Dighton.] 

614  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  6g  St.  Paul's  Church 
Yardy  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  2  Jan^  iyg2. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  A  London  scene:  in 
the  foreground  men  and  women  flee  diagonally  from  r.  to  1.  towards  the 
spectator  away  from  a  bullock  (r.)  in  the  middle  distance,  pursued  by  men 
with  sticks.  The  fugitives  include  a  little  chimney-sweeper  on  the  extreme 
1.,  a  stout  citizen  wearing  a  high  hat,  an  old  military  officer  on  crutches,  a 
woman  who  has  fallen  to  the  ground,  a  Billingsgate  woman  with  a  basket 
of  fish  on  her  head,  the  contents  about  to  fall,  a  would-be  beau  crouching 
behind  a  barrel  and  taking  snuff.  The  bullock  has  tossed  a  dog  into  the  air. 
The  background  of  houses  with  an  open  space  enclosed  by  railings  suggests 
Smithfield  Market. 
i2fX9|in.  *  Caricatures',  i.  203. 

8224  A  WHET  ON  THE  ROAD— OR  ENGLISH  AND  FRENCH 
POSTILLIONS. 

[?  After  Dighton.] 

615  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  6g  in  S^  Paul's 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased, 
1792]. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Three  men  stand  in  the  doorway  of  the 
coach-house  of  a  posting  inn,  through  which  is  seen  the  courtyard  with  a 
post-chaise.  The  elderly  French  postilion  (1.)  drinks  from  a  large  tankard, 
holding  bones  and  meat  in  his  1.  hand.  He  is  caricatured ;  he  wears  a  cocked 
hat  with  tricolour  cockade,  laced  waistcoat,  and  large  boots.  His  hair  is 
in  a  long  queue.  The  young  English  postilion,  wearing  neat  riding-dress 
with  well-fitting  boots,  and  fashionable  double-breasted  waistcoat,  points 
at  him,  turning  with  a  smile  to  a  stable-hand  (r.)  who  leans  grinning  against 
the  door-post.  Both  postilions  have  short  whips  with  thick  plaited  lashes, 

977  3R 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

but  the  lash  of  the  Frenchman  is  much  the  longer.  On  the  wall  is  a  bill 

headed  Dover  \  Post  Coach, 

I2f  X9I  in.  'Caricatures*,  i.  209. 

8225  FASTING  IN  LENT.   JEUNER  DANS  LE  CARfiME. 

616  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  6g  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [date  erased,  20  Feb. 
1792] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Two  men  and  a  woman  seated  at  a 
round  dinner-table,  on  which  is  a  fish.  A  footman  (r.)  enters  with  another 
large  fish  on  a  dish,  behind  him  a  maidservant  brings  a  plate  of  fish.  A 
bottle  of  Madeira  is  on  the  table ;  on  a  side  table  are  bottles  of  Port  and 
Brandy.  On  the  r.  of  the  fat  master  of  the  house  sits  his  austere-looking 
wife  (1.) ;  on  his  1.  a  younger  man  (r.),  his  hands  together  with  a  melancholy- 
expression. 
12IX9I  in.  'Caricatures*,  i.  172. 

8226  FRENCH  PRIVATEERS,  CRUISING  IN  THE  ENGLISH 
CHANNEL. 

[?  After  Dighton.] 

6iy  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N^  69  S^  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  4  June  1792. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Six  French  emigres  are  grouped  at  the 
roadside  beside  a  signpost  (r.)  pointing  (1.)  to  London  and  (r.)  to  Dover. 
A  lean  and  elderly  woman  holding  a  clipped  poodle  stands  with  her  1.  hand 
in  the  arm  of  a  man  wearing  a  cocked  hat  with  a  tricolour  cockade,  and  a 
long  coat  reaching  almost  to  his  ankles;  he  holds  a  tasselled  cane.  Next 
him  is  a  stout  man  wearing  a  long  cloak,  and  a  boy  or  dwarfish  man.  On  the 
r.  are  two  women  holding  large  muflPs.  A  second  clipped  poodle  runs 
beside  them.  In  the  background  a  coach  (r.)  inscribed  London  Dover 
Canterbury  is  driving  towards  London  with  outside  passengers;  one,  a 
sailor,  waves  his  hat.  The  gable  end  of  a  cottage  (1.)  and  trees  complete  the 
background. 
I2|X 9f  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  25. 

8227  THE  PRODIGAL  SON  TAKING  LEAVE. 
[?  After  Dighton.] 

618  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  69  St.  PauVs 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  [date  erased, 
1792.]   Plate  [j] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  Nos.  8228-30. 
Beneath  the  title  of  each  print  the  relevant  quotation  from  St.  Luke  xv 
is  engraved.  The  hall  of  a  country-house ;  a  waiting  coach  with  two  servants 
is  seen  through  the  open  door  (r.).  A  young  man  in  riding-dress  takes  leave 
of  his  mother.  A  weeping  young  woman  (1.)  and  the  father  (r.)  complete 
the  group.  A  carpet  and  pilastered  walls  give  an  impression  of  luxury. 
i2jX9fin.  'Caricatures',  iii.  38. 

978 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

8228  THE  PRODIGAL  SON  REVELLING  WITH  HARLOTS. 

[?  After  Dighton.] 

6ig  [Imprint  as  No.  8227]  Plate  2 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  The  young  man  of  No.  8227  sits  on  a 
sofa,  his  arm  round  a  courtesan.  Another  (r.)  leans  her  elbows  on  the  back 
of  a  chair,  tilting  it  against  a  square  card-table  on  which  are  cards,  dice, 
decanters  of  Burgundy  and  Hock^  &c.  A  cocked  hat,  a  mask,  two  tickets  for 
a  MasqueradCy  and  a  Cock  fighting  advertisement  lie  on  the  floor.  On  the 
sofa  is  a  domino.  On  the  wall  are  two  sporting  prints :  a  prize  fight  and 
horses  passing  the  winning-post.  Between  them  is  an  oval  miniature  of  a 
man  (bust  portrait).  The  room  is  luxuriously  furnished. 
12IX9I  in. 

8229  THE  PRODIGAL  SON  IN  MISERY. 

620  [Imprint  as  No.  8227]   Plate  [j] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  The  young  man,  ragged  and  melancholy, 
sits  outside  a  pigsty  holding  some  of  the  pea-pods  from  a  heap  at  which 
two  pigs  are  guzzling.  Behind  is  a  large  tree  and  (r.)  a  distant  village  church. 
12 Jx 9 J  in. 

8230  THE  PRODIGAL  SON  RETURNED  HOME  RECLAIMED. 

621  [Imprint  as  No.  8227]   Plate  4 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  The  young  man,  dressed  as  in  No.  8229, 
advances  towards  his  father  who  stands  on  the  serpentine  drive  leading  to 
his  house,  one  comer  of  which  is  on  the  1.,  with  a  figure  of  Fame  poised 
on  the  comer  of  the  roof.  Behind  the  Prodigal  a  servant  in  livery  holds  out 
shoes  and  stockings.  Three  women  wait  expectantly  in  a  gateway.  Behind 
(r.)  are  the  trees  of  a  park. 
i2jX9|in. 

8231  THE  LOTTERY  TICKET— OR  THE  SUNSHINE  OF  HOPE. 

622  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles y  No,  6g  St,  PauVs 
Church  Yardy  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs^  29  Sep^  ^792, 

Mezzotint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8232.  The  interior  of  an  artisan's 
living-room.  A  young  man,  working  at  a  carpenter's  bench  (1.),  turns 
round  to  look  with  pleased  expectancy  at  a  lottery  ticket,  which  his  wife 
holds  out  to  him,  alluringly  inscribed  with  the  royal  arms.  State  Lottery 
Office  L  30,000.  She  is  neatly  dressed,  wearing  a  hat;  her  apron  is  filled 
with  a  leg  of  mutton  and  vegetables.  A  child  beside  her  has  an  open  book. 
Road  to  Ruin,  and  looks  anxiously  at  her  mother.  A  well-dressed  little  girl 
plays  with  a  cat.  Simple  prosperity  is  indicated  by  a  well-filled  hanging 
cupboard,  and  two  shirts  hanging  on  a  line.  On  the  wall  is  a  print  of  Eve 
offering  the  apple  to  Adam.  Cf.  No.  8073. 
i2j|X  10  in.  In  book  of  Lottery  prints  (298.C.6). 

979 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8232  THE  TICKETS  A  BLANK— OR  THE  CLOUDS  OF  DESPAIR. 

62  J  [Date  and  imprint  as  No.  8231] 

Mezzotint.  The  carpenter  of  No.  8231,  his  clothes  ragged,  sits  in  despair 
beside  an  empty  grate  (r.).  His  wife  sits  pensively  at  a  table  on  which  is  a 
ticket  inscribed  Blank  and  a  number  of  pawn-tickets  inscribed  Duplicate. 
One  child  stands  imploringly  beside  the  father  (r.),  the  other  lies  on  a  heap 
of  straw  clutching  a  bone ;  beside  her  prowls  a  famished  cat.  The  cupboard 
is  empty,  plaster  has  fallen  from  the  walls  of  the  bare,  ramshackle  room. 
On  the  wall  is  a  print  of  Adam  and  Eve  being  driven  from  Paradise. 
Through  a  window  with  cracked  panes  are  houses,  from  one  of  which  hangs 
the  sign  of  a  pawnbroker. 
i2igX  10  in.  In  book  of  Lottery  prints  (298  c.  6). 

8233  THE  ARTILLERY  DRIVER. 
[After  Dighton.] 

624  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No.  6g  St.  PauVs 
Church  Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs  [9  Nov.  1792.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  camp  scene.  In  the  foreground  (r.) 
stands  a  yokel  in  a  smock-frock,  his  hair  falling  on  his  shoulders  but  wear- 
ing a  military  hat.  He  holds  a  long  whip  and  points  with  his  r.  forefinger 
as  if  addressing  an  audience.  Beneath  the  title  are  the  words  of  his  song 
(39  lines)  beginning: 

/  once  was  a  Waggoner  sly  and  dry. 

As  e'er  joggd  over  the  Downs, 

But  hating  a  tiresome,  lazy  life. 

And  fearless  of  wounds  and  death, 
I  set  out  on  a  tramp,  to  follow  the  Camp, 

And  drive,  to  the  jig  of  a  drum  and  a  fife. 

King's  cattle  on  Bagshot  heath. 

Behind  are  tents  and  cannon  in  a  landscape  with  small  figures :  sentries, 
officers,  and  ladies.  The  nearest  tent  (r.)  has  the  Prince  of  Wales's  feathers 
and  the  word  Demezy.  For  the  camp  see  No.  81 15,  &c. 
11JX9I  in.  'Caricatures',  i.  75. 

THE  FIRST   DAY   OF  TERM— OR  THE   DEVIL  AMONG  THE 
LAWYERS.  (?  625)  See  No.  3764  [c.  1792] 

[After  Dighton.] 

8234  THE  LAST  SHIFT. 

626  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  N°  6g  St.  Paul's  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  [date  erased,  c.  1792.] 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  courtesan  stands  at  a  wash-tub,  wash- 
ing her  last  shift.  She  wears  a  cap  over  ringlets  in  curl-papers  and  a 
tattered  petticoat,  a  shawl  covers  her  naked  shoulders.  The  room  is 
squalid,  with  plaster  faUing  from  the  bricks.  Across  the  fireplace  stockings 
hang  on  a  string  to  dry.  The  corner  of  a  bed  appears  on  the  r.  On  the  table 

980 


PERSONAL    AND    SOCIAL    SATIRES    1792 

by  the  wash-tub  is  a  small  gin  tankard.  Under  it  is  a  pair  of  stays.  A  cat 
tries  to  reach  a  (broken)  plate  of  cheese  on  a  chair.  On  the  floor,  beside  a 
fashionable  high-crowned  hat,  lies  a  ballad :  How  happy  were  my  days  till 
now.  . .  .  Papers  are  thrust  under  the  vertical  bar  of  the  casement  window, 
one  inscribed  Admit  Two  to  the  Boxes.  Probably  an  imitation  of  Gillray's 
The  Whores  Last  Shifty  see  No.  5604. 
12IX9J  ^^*  *  Caricatures',  i.  io8. 

8235  THE  ROAD  TO  RUIN.»  [?  1792] 
Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Two  courtesans  with  a  fat  and  smiling 
citizen  in  a  well-furnished  room.  The  costume  of  the  women  appears  to 
be  c.  1792-3.  For  the  title  cf.  No.  8073.  Similar  in  character  to  the  mezzo- 
tints published  by  Bowles. 

i2jgX9J  i^'  *Caricatures',  ii.  17. 

8236  THE  MISER,  [?  c.  1792] 
Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  A  soldier  who  has  lost  his  r.  arm  begs 
from  an  elderly  man  in  old-fashioned  dress  whose  hands  are  deep  in  his 
coat-pockets.  The  miser  (r.)  walks  away  scowling  sideways  at  the  soldier. 
Beneath  the  title :  He  had  a  Canvass  Bag  which  contained  what  would  answer 
the  purpose y  but  his  Callous  soul  caught  the  alarm  at  the  Old  Souldiers  supplica- 
tion; &  it  was  hurried  with  rapidity  of  lightning  into  his  pocket.  Behind  is 
a  high  stone  wall  and  a  London  street-lamp.  Similar  in  character  to  the 
mezzotints  published  by  Bowles. 

i2jJX9if  i^'  *  Caricatures',  ii.  16. 

8237  TIPPY  BOB— THE  NATTY  CROP.  [?  1792] 
[After  Digjiton.] 

57 J  Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Bowles  &  Carver ,  No.  6g  St.  Paul's 
Church  Yardy  London. 

Mezzotint  (coloured  impression).  Design  in  an  oval.  A  man  (T.Q.L.) 
stands  in  profile  to  the  1.,  a  bludgeon  under  his  1.  arm.  He  wears  the  dress 
affected  by  the  bucks  of  1791 :  high-crowned  hat,  short  striped  waistcoat 
with  several  collars,  a  projecting  shirt-front,  coat  with  a  broad  cape-collar 
slipping  off  the  shoulders.  He  is  ugly  and  wears  spectacles  over  his 
whiskers  and  cropped  hair. 

Tippy  Bob  was  a  character  in  'Blue  Beard  or  the  Flight  of  Harlequin', 
a  pantomime  played  for  the  first  time  21  Dec.  1791.  The  print  is  perhaps 
a  caricature  of  Munden  who  played  the  part.  Genest,  vii.  67.  For  the  dress 
cf.  No.  8040,  &c. 

5I-X4I  in.  'Caricatures',  ii.  121. 

*  Title  in  pen. 


981 


ADDENDA,  c.  ijSi-^z 

8238  LUXURY.  [?  1781^] 
T.  Rowlandson  fecit.  Price  6^ 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  H.  Brookes ^  Coventry  Street. 

Engraving.  A  lean  and  ragged  man  draws  (1.  to  r.)  in  a  small  three- 
wheeled  chair  a  very  stout  man  whose  gouty  legs  are  swathed.  The  latter 
scowls  arrogantly;  he  wears  a  small  cocked  hat  and  bag- wig  and  holds  in 
both  hands  an  umbrella  or  parasol. 

Grego,  Rowlandsotiy  i.  106  (reproduction).  In  book  lettered  Rowlandson's 
Imitations  of  Modern  Drawings^  No.  30. 
3|x6in. 

8239  JOHN  BULL.  Vc,  1781-2] 
Dediee  aux  Petits  Mess^  Anglois 

LB.  a  Paris 

Engraving.  A  bearded  Jew  walks  in  profile  to  the  1.,  bending  beneath  the 
weight  of  a  globe,  which  he  carries  on  his  head  and  on  a  porter*s  knot 
inscribed  Luxury ;  one  gouty  leg  is  swathed.  He  supports  himself  by  a  stick 
which  is  on  the  point  of  breaking,  inscribed  Public  Credit.  His  coat-pocket, 
inscribed  Treasury y  hangs  inside-out,  empty.  His  (old-fashioned)  coat  is 
inscribed  Recojiciliation  and  Uncondit[ional]  Submiss[ion].  The  two  poles 
of  the  globe  are  Oppression  Tyranny  and  Corruption  Pride.  It  is  traversed 
diagonally  by  a  broad  band  inscribed  Confederated  Colonies  which  crosses 
lines  of  latitude  inscribed :  Enormous  Taxes,  Decline  of  Trade,  *[Ex]hausted 
Revenues,  U[ne]qual  Repres**,  Aba[ndonyd  Ministry,  Pro[fligate]  Nobility, 
A[pos]tate  Clergy,  C[orru]pted  Senate,  Deluded  People,  Subverted  Liberties. 
Above  the  design  are  the  words :  UArbitre  d' Europe  ou  Atlas  Politique^  tire 
selon  les  Observ^  de  M'  Necker. 

Probably  an  English  print  published  perhaps  after  news  of  the  fall  of 
Yorktown  (cf.  No.  586Q)  and  certainly  before  the  resignation  of  North  on 
20  March  1782.  For  the  attitude  to  Necker  cf.  No.  5657.  An  early  repre- 
sentation of  John  Bull,  see  Nos.  561 1,  5860,  exceptional  in  having  the 
beard,  profile,  and  old-ifashioned  dress  of  a  Jew. 
9Jx6Jin. 

8240  DR  ARNE. 

DONE  FROM  AN  ORIGINAL  SKETCH  BY  F.  BARTOLOZZI 

[?  Nixon  del.,  Bartolozzi,  f.] 

Pu¥  as  the  Act  directs  May  10^^  iy82  by  W.  Humphrey.  N22y  Strand. 

Engraving.  A  T.Q.L.  portrait  of  Ame  (1710-1778)  standing  in  profile  to 
the  r.  at  the  harpsichord.  The  exaggeration  of  his  elongated  melancholy 
face  and  the  position  of  the  hands  give  the  character  of  a  caricature.  He 
wears  a  bag-wig  and  sword. 

'  So  dated  by  Grego. 
982 


ADDENDA,  C.   1781-92 

The  original  drawing,  attributed  to  Bartolozzi,  evidently  a  sketch  from 
life,  is  in  the  Royal  Collection  at  Windsor  (reproduced,  Connoisseur^  June 

1933)- 
Calabi,  No.  749.   (Described  as  etched  by  Bartolozzi  after  Nixon,  see 

No.  8240  A.)   Reproduced,  Paston,  pi.  Ixxii. 
8ix6f  in. 

8240  A  [DR  ARNE.] 

[W.  N.  Gardiner  after  J.  Nixon.] 

Engraving.  Copied  from,  or  possibly  the  original  of.  No.  8240.  Arne 
(H.L.)  stands  in  profile  to  the  1.  playing  the  harpsichord.  The  head  is 
larger  and  the  element  of  caricature  is  more  pronounced  than  in  No.  8240, 
the  harpsichord  is  at  a  different  angle,  and  a  lighted  candle  has  been 
added. 

6j^gX  5x1  in.  In  Grangerized  copy  of  Edwards'  Anecdotes  of  Painters , 

i.  No.  120. 

8241  [A  YARMOUTH  CAR.]  [?  c.  1782^] 
J.  Thompson,  Sculp.  Norwich, 

Engrave^ d  for  &  Sold  by  D.  Boulter y  Silversmith  &  Toyman^  in  the 

Market-Place,  Yarmouth, 
KB.   A  Museum  of  Natural  &  Artificial  curiosities,  at  one  Shilling 

each  Person. 
Published  as  the  Act  directs. 

Engraving  (no  title),  altered  from  No.  8241  A.  A  man  and  woman  drive 
across  open  country,  in  a  clumsy  two-wheeled  gig,  towards  a  row  of  tents 
(L).  A  signpost  (r.)  points  To  the  Camp.  The  gig,  which  roughly  imitates 
the  shape  of  a  fashionable  carriage,  is  drawn  by  a  clumsy  horse,  dispropor- 
tionately large. 

Probably  a  satire  on  the  farmer  who  apes  the  manners  of  the  gentry  as 
well  as  on  visits  to  militia  camps,  popular  between  1778  and  1782,  see 
No.  5523,  &c.    The  title  is  from  a  note  on  an  etching  of  a  similar  vehicle 
by  Sayers  (1773). 
5fX9|  in. 

8241  A  An  earlier  state,  imprint  perhaps  cut  off,  without  tents  and  sign- 
post, and  with  a  different  sky. 

8242  [MR  BIRD  AND  MISS  SNOW.] 
JSScuP   [Sayers.] 

Published  ig*^  July  lySj  by  H.  Bretherton  New  Bond  Street 

Aquatint.  No  title.  A  very  thin  man  (1.)  and  a  very  fat  lady  ride  (r.)  side  by 
side  in  back  view,  the  horses  being  proportioned  to  their  riders.  The  persons 
are  identified  by  Miss  Banks.  Placed  by  her  among  unpublished  prints. 

A  Miss  Snow  appears  in  a  carriage  with  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert  and  Sir  John  Lade  in  a  print  dated  22  Oct.  1802.    J.  Ashton, 
FlorizeVs  Folly ,  1899,  p.  201. 
lof  X8i^g  in. 

*  Endorsed  by  Miss  Banks,  'bought  1787'. 

983 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8243  [SCENE  IN  A  COUNTRY  TOWN  AT  THE  TIME  OF  A 
RACE. 

Drawn  by  W.  Mason  Esq^,  Engraved  by  V  Green. 

Published  July  26^^  lySj  by  V,  Green,  A^«  2g  Newman  Street,  Oxford 
Street  &  Sold  by  F  Brydon,  Printseller,  N°  7,  opposite  Northumber- 
land House,  Charing  Cross,  London.y 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  stage-coach,  carriages,  and  horsemen 
proceed  (1.  to  r.)  along  a  crowded  High  Street  which  slants  in  perspective. 
In  the  foreground  (1.)  a  post-chaise  and  four,  with  armorial  bearings,  is 
being  overturned  by  driving  over  large  barrels  which  lie  beside  a  pavior's 
mallet,  stones,  and  wheelbarrow.  The  two  occupants  lean  from  the  win- 
dows screaming ;  the  postilions  lash  the  horses  violently.  High  above  the 
horses  appears  the  body  of  a  phaeton  (with  coronet  and  arms)  driven  by  a 
man  wearing  a  coat  reaching  to  his  ankles.  His  female  companion  turns 
to  gaze  at  the  accident.  In  front  (r.)  a  thin  man  rides  a  racehorse  almost 
covered  by  striped  horse-coverings  on  which  is  the  letter  M.  He  is  preceded 
by  a  crowded  stage-coach  inscribed  Swan  &  Two  Necks  Lad  Lane,  by 
Maiden  Head  Fly  to  Yolrkl  &  Ber[wick].  In  the  basket  and  on  the  roof  is 
a  noisy  crowd  including  a  grenadier  beating  a  drum  and  a  man  blowing  a 
trumpet.  A  Jew  pedlar  clutches  his  box.  In  the  foreground  are  pedestrians, 
including  two  men  and  a  lady  in  riding-dress.  A  gipsy  woman  sits  on 
the  pavement  with  a  basket  and  scales.  Behind  and  on  the  extreme  r.  are 
a  fiddler  and  a  ballad-singer. 

From  the  near  side  of  the  street  projects  the  corner  of  an  ancient  building 
with  projecting  stories  supported  on  vertical  beams.  On  this  is  a  sign  (r. 
part  cut  off)  headed  by  a  tilt- wagon :  HERE  J  \  LONDON  \  POST  CH  |  ALL  AC  \ 
On  the  opposite  side  (1.)  is  an  old  inn,  with  the  sign  of  a  rampant  Red  Lion 
(cf.  No.  8255)  over  an  archway  within  which  a  woman  rings  a  bell  to 
announce  the  departure  of  a  coach.  Projecting  bow  windows  have  interest- 
ing architectural  details ;  guests  lean  out  to  watch  the  crowd.  A  beam  pro- 
jects from  the  inn  across  the  street  supporting  a  framed  picture  of  two  horses 
racing,  from  which  hangs  a  board :  EXCISE  &  POST  OFFICE.  Persons 
lean  from  the  projecting  windows  of  adjacent  houses  (r.).  The  last  house 
has  a  large  board :  Timothy  Tightfit  Breeches  maker  from  London.  Placards 
on  the  buildings  are  headed :  Caution.  Whereas  divers  Per\sons]^  .  .  . ;  Ball  at 
the  Red  Lyon  Monday  &  Wednesday  Concerts;  A  Song  .  .  .;  [Ki]cking 
Horses  .  .  .  rdels;  Leake's  justly  famous  Pills  cure  .  .  . 

The  scene  appears  to  be  York;  the  famous  racecourse  was  just  outside 
the  town.   Mason  was  Canon  Residentiary  of  York  and  Rector  of  Aston. 

Siltzer,  British  Sporting  Prints,  1929,  p.  334.  Reproduced,  Johnson* s 
England,  1933,  i.  208.^ 

15!  X  22  J  in.  (cropped). 

Another  impression:  Published  March  2f^  lySg  by  F.  Brydon  Printseller 
&  Frame-Maker  opposite  Northumberland  House.  Charing  Cross,  London, 
is  in  the  collection  of  Mr.  Minto  Wilson. 

*  Tide  and  imprint  from  note  sent  by  Mr.  R.  Fridenberg,  6E  42nd  Street,  N.Y., 
1908.   Departmental  copy  of  A.  Whitman's  Valentine  Green,  1902,  p.  183. 

2  Where  the  original  is  incorrectly  said  to  be  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  J.  L. 
Douthwaite  (who  possesses  an  impression  of  the  print). 

984 


ADDENDA,  C.   1781-92 

8244  [HEADS  OF  THE  MUTINY  BILL.] 
J^/[Sayers.] 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  Thomas  Cornell  Bruton  Street  y* 
9  February  1784. 

Engraving.  No  title.  A  part  of  the  table  of  the  House  of  Commons  on 
which  lie  close  together  the  heads  of  Fox  (1.)  and  North  (r.).  No  back- 
ground, the  upper  part  of  the  design  being  covered  by  an  inscription : 

Cui  bono — ? — publico  bono — 

Die  Lunae  g°  Februarii  lyS^ 
In  a  Committee  on  the  Sense  of  the  Nation — Moved — That  for  preventing 
future  Disorders  and  Dissentions,  the  Heads  of  the  Mutiny  Act  be  brought  in^ 

and  suffered  to  lie  on  the  Table  tomorrow — 

Ordered 

That  all  further  proceedings  upon  the  Act  for  dividing  the  Commons  &c^ 

be  adjourned  sine  die — 

Ordered  \  Vox  Populi  \  Cler.  Par 

A  satire  on  the  debate  of  9  Feb.  1784  (parodying  the  common  form  of  the 
Journals  of  the  House  of  Commons).  Fox  moved  to  defer  going  into  a  com- 
mittee on  the  state  of  the  nation,  and  claimed  that  the  sense  of  the  House 
was  the  sense  of  the  nation,  while  the  Pittites  maintained  that  the  sense  of 
the  people  was  shown  by  the  addresses  in  favour  of  the  Ministry  (see  No. 
6438,  &c.).  Pari.  Hist.  xxiv.  571  ff.  For  the  Mutiny  Bill  see  No.  6415,  &c. 

The  print  is  placed  by  Miss  Banks  among  unpublished  plates.  She  has 
written  beneath  it  'And  all  the  People  rejoiced  and  said  God  save  the  King'. 
6X7i|in. 

8245  THE  MIDDLESEX  JEST  OR  DOUBLE  ENTENDRE. 
WG  [reversed].   [?  Phillips.] 

Piccadilly  April  25  1784^ 

Engraving.  A  satire  on  the  Middlesex  election.  A  young  woman,  symboliz- 
ing the  county,  and  wearing  a  belt  inscribed  Middle  =  sex,  stands  full  face, 
looking  down  and  urinating  into  a  bowl  a  stream  inscribed  Brent  =  ford. 
On  the  1.  are  the  two  Ministerial  candidates :  Wilkes  kneels  on  one  knee, 
with  clasped  hands,  addressing  Middle-sex.  Behind  him  stands  Main- 
waring,  in  profile  to  the  1.,  a  paper  inscribed  Justice  (he  was  chairman  of 
the  Middlesex  Bench)  issuing  from  his  pocket.  On  the  r.,  in  profile  to  the 
1.,  stands  Byng,  inscribed  Zeal.  He  holds  a  long  upright  staff  inscribed 
Honour  (reversed).  The  words  of  the  four  (in  doggerel)  have  not  been 
transcribed.  For  the  Middlesex  election  see  No.  6550. 
9|Xi2jin. 

8246  SETTLING  THE  IRISH  AFFAIRS,  OR,  PARTY  MATTERS 
BURIED  IN  A  STONE  COFFIN. 

[Dent.] 

Pub^  as  the  Act  directs  by  J.  Brown,  Rathbone  Place,  Jan^  12^^  lySs — 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  rectangular  stone  tomb  (1.)  is  broken 

at  one  end  to  show  (1.)  the  end  of  a  stone  coffin  in  which  lie  a  lady  and  a 

man.  On  the  tomb  is  a  pyramid  decorated  with  emblems :  two  goats  play- 

'  April  25  is  scored  through  in  ink,  and  replaced  by  'may,  6*. 

985 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

ing  Irish  harps,  and  a  head  with  stag's  horns,  &c.  On  the  top  of  the  pyramid 
a  decapitated  and  meretricious  figure  of  Fame  stands  on  her  neck,  feet  in 
air,  pointing  downwards.  The  tomb  is  inscribed:  Here  \  blended  lie  th* 
oppressor  |  and  \  the'  oppressed.  \  Pope.  Behind  is  the  ruined  wall  of  a  Gothic 
church  with  two  tablets  headed  by  grinning  cherubs :  (1.)  Near  this  place  \ 

Lieth  I  Lady  C ;  (r.)  Near  this  place  lieth  An  Irish  Volunteer  A  Dutiful 

Servant  And  Faithful  Friend.  An  irradiated  mask  lies  on  the  1.  of  the  tomb, 
a  cockaded  hat  on  the  r. 

On  the  r.  stand  three  spectators:  an  angry  husband  clenching  his  fists, 
between  a  man  (r.)  in  profile  to  the  1.,  holding  up  two  fingers  and  scowling 
derisively,  and  another  man  with  a  grin  stooping  to  look  into  the  tomb. 
For  this  scandal  see  Nos.  6699,  8247,  8248.  The  theme  of  the  stone  coffin 
appears  in  The  Secret  History  ofCrim.  Con.^  Rowlandson  after  Woodward, 
1 812  (Grego,  RowlandsoUy  ii.  230). 
7ixi2  in. 

8247  LOVE  IN  A  STONE  COFFIN, 

Published  as  the  act  Direct  by  [name  and  address  almost  obliterated^ 
?  Isaac  Crookshanks]  Clare  Market  [struck  through]  Jany  23  1783 
/C2[?Cruikshank.] 

Engraving.  A  lady  (1.)  wearing  a  hat  sprawls  dissolutely  in  a  carved  coffin 
inscribed  Here  lyes  in  hops  of  a  \  Good  Re  \  the  Body.  A  man  (r.)  steps  inside 
the  coffin.  Behind  is  the  broken  masonry  of  a  ruined  Gothic  church  with 
the  end  of  a  more  complete  classical  building  on  the  r.  A  man  watches 
from  behind  the  broken  wall  of  the  church.  In  the  foreground  lies  an  open 
pamphlet:  D^  Graham  to  Married  Ladys — Celestial  Bed  (see  No.  6323,  &c, 
and  index).  On  the  r.  is  a  skull  from  which  issues  a  label  ha  ha  ha  ha.  See 
No.  8246,  &c. 
lof  X  8i  in. 

8248  LOVE  IN  A  STONE  COFFIN.  [i  Feb.  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine^  iii.  13.  A  lady  lies  in  a  coffin 
which  resembles  that  of  an  undertaker.  A  man  (r.)  steps  into  it.  In  the 
background  are  trees  and  ( })  high  clipped  yew  hedges.  Illustration  to  a 
dialogue  which  throws  no  light  on  the  identity  of  the  persons.  See  No. 
8246,  &c. 
5i6X3iin. 

8249  LORD  GEORGE  RIOT  MADE  A  JEW.  [i  Oct.  1785] 

Engraving.  From  the  Rambler's  Magazine^  iii.  342.  Lord  George  Gordon 
lies  on  his  back  on  a  table,  having  just  undergone  circumcision  by  a  young 
Jewess  who  stands  at  his  feet  (r.).  Behind  her  stands  a  Rabbi  (r.)  with  an 
open  book.  On  the  1.  stand  a  Jewish  dealer  in  old  clothes  and  his  wife.  In 
front  sits  a  boy  with  a  pedlar's  box,  picking  Gordon's  pocket. 

The  interest  of  the  print  is  the  early  date  of  Gordon's  supposed  con- 
version, see  No.  7209,  believed  by  Mr.  Rubens  to  be  the  earliest  print  of 
Gordon  as  a  Jew. 
SfxsJin. 

^  There  are  traces  of  another  imprint,  ?  55  Stanhope  Street, 
*  Obscured  by  strokes  of  shading. 

986 


ADDENDA,  C.   1781-92 

8250  SYMPATHY,  OR  A  FAMILY  ON  A  JOURNEY  LAYING  THE 
DUST.  [1785'] 

Designed  and  Etch'd  by  T.  Rowlandson 

Puhlishd  by  W.  Humphrey. 

Engraving.  Two  ladies  have  descended  from  their  coach,  and  stand  in  the 
road,  urinating;  one  (1.)  is  elderly  and  ugly,  the  other  young  and  pretty. 
The  footman  stands  in  back  view,  also  'laying  the  dust*,  as  are  the  pair  of 
horses  (r.)  and  a  dog.  The  coachman  on  his  box,  turning  his  back  to  the 
party  in  the  road,  imitates  their  example.  A  signpost  (1.)  points  To  Broad- 
water. 

Grego,  RoivlandsoHy  p.  174. 

9iXi3/ein. 

8251  JOHN  GILPIN'S  RETURN  TO  LONDON 
H.  Wigstead  1785  [?  Rowlandson.] 

Designd  &  Etchd  by  H.  Wigstead  The  Aquatinto  by  F.  Jukes 

Photostat  of  an  etching,^  Gilpin  gallops  (1.  to  r.)  past  the  Bell  inn  losing 
his  hat  and  wig  and  closely  pursued  by  the  post-boy,  whose  horse  has 
blinkers,  collar,  and  traces.  Other  horsemen  follow.  Inn  customers,  one 
waving  his  tankard,  try  to  stop  the  horse.  Dogs  bark,  children  and  pigs 
scatter.  The  violent  action  in  the  road  is  balanced  by  the  despairing 
gestures  of  Gilpin's  family  who  lean  from  the  solid  balcony:  two  florid  and 
overdressed  ladies  with  two  children,  and  a  third  woman.  On  the  r.  are 
a  post-chaise  and  the  back  of  a  departing  cart  whose  occupants  lean  out  to 
watch  the  chase.  The  sign  straddles  across  the  road  (r.),  Tim  Smoakum  on 
the  cross-beam.  On  the  r.  is  open  country.  A  tree  (1.)  leans  across  the 
road,  sheltering  a  corner  of  the  balcony.  Beneath  the  title  are  engraved  the 
twelve  lines  beginning: 

Away  went  Gilpin  and  away 

Went  Post  boy  at  his  Heels 

In  the  manner  of  Rowlandson  and  the  most  outstanding  of  the  Gilpin 
prints,  see  No.  6886,  &c. 
i5lX24f  in. 

6929  A  (21  March  1786.)  A  later  impression  (uncoloured)  in  which 
before  the  title  are  the  words  'Twas  Nobody  saw,  after  it :  &  Let  the  Cat  out 
of  the  Bag.  The  broom-stick  is  inscribed  Pro  Bono  Publico. 

6932  A  WIFE  &  NO  WIFE  OR  A  TRIP  TO  THE  CONTINENT. 

[? 1786] 
H  Brocas  P 

A  copy  of  No.  6932,  the  figures  approximately  the  same  size  but  reduced 

along  the  upper  and  r.  margins,  Weltje  being  omitted. 

iifXi4Jin. 

'  So  dated  by  Grego. 

*  A  coloured  impression  kindly  lent  by  the  Walker  Galleries,  now  (1937)  in  the 
possession  of  Mr.  Minto  Wilson. 

987 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 
8252  HIS  HIGHNESS  IN  FITZ 
Published  April  I  iy86  by      i  White  N°  4  Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  The  Prince  of  Wales  and  Mrs.  Fitz- 
herbert  embrace  on  a  bed  whose  carelessly  draped  curtains  frame  the 
design.  Her  garter  is  inscribed  [M^al  y  pense^  his  shows  the  word  soit. 
Behind  them  on  the  bed  are  the  Prince's  feathers  and  a  cross.  His  coat, 
with  a  conspicuous  star,  is  on  a  chair  by  the  bed.  The  drawing  has  no 
element  of  caricature.  One  of  the  prints  in  Fores 's  window  in  No.  6961. 
See  No.  8253. 

6  J  X  8f  in. 


8253   OUT   OF  FITS,   OR  THE  RECOVERY  TO   THE   SATIS- 
FACTION OF  ALL  PARTIES. 

Published  5'*  May  iy86^  by  S,  W.  Fores ^  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse^ 
N°  3  Piccadilly. 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  The  Prince  (1.)  and 
Mrs.  Fitzherbert  (r.)  recline  languidly  in  opposite  corners  of  a  long  settee. 
In  the  foreground  two  panting  dogs  sit  facing  each  other.  On  a  table  (1.) 
are  three  jelly-glasses  and  the  Prince's  watch  and  seals.  On  the  wall  is  a 
picture.  After —  signed  Hogarth  irvd^  of  a  young  man  and  woman  in  a  bed- 
room. One  of  the  prints  in  Fores 's  window  in  No.  6961.  A  sequel  to 
No.  8252. 

ioJXi4|in. 


8254  BOX-LOBBY  LOUNGERS 

Designd  by  H  Wigstead  Etch'd  by  T.  Rowlandson 

London  Published  Janv  5^*  1786  by  J.  R.  Smith  iV°  83  Oxford  Street 

Aquatint.  A  crowded  scene  in  a  bare  room  giving  access  to  the  theatre, 
which  is  seen  through  two  open  doors  (r.),  each  showing  two  boxes,  and 
a  section  of  gallery  above,  filled  with  spectators.  Courtesans  and  ladies  are 
being  inspected  and  addressed  by  the  loungers.  The  centre  figure  is 
George  Hanger  in  profile  to  the  1.,  his  club  under  his  arm,  arms  folded, 
staring  at  a  bold  and  handsome  girl  who  stands  with  another  pretty  young 
woman.  A  man  in  deep  shadow  seizes  Hanger's  bunch  of  seals.  Two 
elderly  men  address  a  fat  bawd  who  holds  a  basket  of  fruit  and  play- 
bills; a  coin  is  placed  in  her  hand.  A  misshapen  elderly  beau  (not,  as 
Grego  suggests,  Sir  L.  Skeffington,  b.  1771),  looking  through  a  quizzing- 
glass,  steps  on  an  irate  lady's  dress  (r.).  On  the  wall  is  a  large  play-bill: 
Theatre  Royal  Covent  Garden  \  Way  of  the  World  \  Who's  the  Dupe.  The 
room  is  lit  from  bracket  lamps  high  on  the  r.  wall,  diagonal  shadows  are 
thrown  across  the  room,  some  of  the  figures  are  brilliantly  lit,  others  in 
shadow. 

Grego,  RowlandsoUy  i.  180-2.  (Reproduction.) 
i5jX22iin. 

*  Name  illegible :  ?  Rich. 
988 


ADDENDA,  r.   1781-92 

8255  A  COUNTRY  RACE  COURSE  WITH  HORSES  PREPARING 

TO  START. 

UNE  COURSE  DES  CH^VEAUX  LES  CH^VEAUX  SE  PRE- 
PARENT  A  COURIR 

W.  Mason  Esq^  delin^  Aquatinta  by  F.  Jukes  Engraved  by  I.  Jenkins 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  for  the  Proprietor,  by  I.  Phillips  N  164 
Piccadilly.  [1786] 

Aquatint.  The  humours  of  a  racecourse  realistically  depicted.  In  the  fore- 
ground are  plebeian  and  fashionable  spectators,  including  a  man  wearing 
a  star.  The  back  of  a  post-chaise  in  which  sits  a  lady  serves  as  platform  for 
a  sailor  and  a  man  supported  on  the  shoulders  of  a  fat  woman.  A  horse 
has  just  been  stripped,  and  is  about  to  be  given  a  draught  of  wine;  a  jockey 
surreptitiously  takes  money  from  a  man  (r.).  Another  jockey  sits  on  his 
horse.  In  the  middle  distance,  behind  rails,  are  more  spectators,  on  horse- 
back, on  a  coach,  and  in  a  cart.  Four  men  are  in  the  judge's  box,  one  blows 
a  trumpet.  Behind  (1.)  is  a  row  of  four  crowded  stands,  three  of  which  are : 
Grand  Betting  Stand  by  T  M  Sweap-all;  Red-Lyon  (cf.  No.  8243);  Ladies 
Booth.  In  the  background  are  more  spectators,  coaches  and  horses,  against 
an  undulating  landscape.  Probably  the  York  racecourse,  cf.  No.  8243. 
A  companion  print  to  No.  8256. 

Siltzer,  British  Sporting  Prints y  1929,  p.  334. 
i7|X25iin. 


8256  A  COUNTRY  RACE  COURSE  WITH  HORSES  RUNNING. 
UNE  COURSE  DES  CH^VEAUX  EN  ENGLETERRE. 

W.  Mason  Esq^  delin^  Aquatinta  by  F.  Jukes  Engrav'd  by  I.  Jenkins 
Published  as  the  Act  directs  May  20.  iy86  for  the  Proprietor^  by 
J.  Phillips  A^"  164  Piccadilly. 

Aquatint.  A  companion  print  to  No.  8255.  ^^^  same  line  of  stands  appears 
in  the  background.  In  the  foreground  pedestrian  spectators  are  in  close 
proximity  to  three  racehorses  which  are  followed  (r.  to  1.)  by  a  crowd  of 
men  on  horseback.  On  the  1.  is  a  high  phaeton  and  pair,  a  lady  seated  next 
the  driver.  On  the  r.  a  fat  woman  with  a  basket  of  pies  falls  prone,  and  a 
boy  flings  himself  on  the  ground  to  grab  the  pies.  In  the  distance  are  many 
spectators,  some  stationary,  but  many  riding  and  driving  along  the  course. 

Siltzer,  British  Sporting  Prints y  1929,  p.  334. 
i7iX25iin. 


8257   A  MODERN  VENUS,   OR  A  LADY   OF  THE   PRESENT 
FASHION  IN  THE  STATE  OF  NATURE,  1786. 

Published  as  the  Act  directs  by  E  Yardley,  New  Inn  Passage,  Clare 
Market.^ 

Engraving.  A  young  woman  stands  directed  to  the  1.  looking  downwards, 
hands  held  out.  She  is  naked,  with  hair  falling  on  her  shoulders.  Her 
figure  is  grotesque,  with  gigantic  breasts  and  projecting  posteriors,  wide 

*  Written  in  a  contemporary  hand. 

989 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

shoulders  and  compressed  waist,  as  if  to  fit  the  absurd  fashions  of  the  day, 

see  No.  7099,  &c.   Beneath  the  title  is  engraved : 

This  is  the  Forntj  if  we  believe  the  Fair^ 
Of  which  our  Ladies  arej  or  wish  they  were. 
Cf.  No.  7100. 

6iX4fin.(pl.). 

8258  A  FASHIONABLE  SHITTLECOCK  [U.  1786] 
London^  Published  by  Robert  SayeVy  Fleet  Street. 

Engraving.  An  altered  plate.  The  lady  in  No.  4706  (1772),  who  holds  by 
the  toes  the  tiny  'Fluttering  Macaroni*,  has  been  altered  by  the  addition 
of  a  large  round  hat  (cf.  No.  7099,  &c.)  and  much  loosely  curling  hair  on 
her  shoulders.  Her  dress  is  covered  by  a  voluminous  fur-bordered  pelisse, 
which  conceals  its  obsolete  fashion.  The  Macaroni,  though  his  dress  too 
has  become  unfashionable,  is  unaltered.  Inscriptions  have  been  added. 
He  says,  Pray  Ma*am  don't  let  me  fall.  She  answers,  O!  Sir  you're  no  weight 
with  me.  Beneath  the  design  is  engraved:  (Alas!  what  a  Race  of  Men.) 

In  the  original  version  the  pair  were  identified  as  Miss  Catley  and  the 
Marquis  of  Lothian. 
9|X  7  in.  (pi.).  In  book  of  Sayer^s  *Drolls*. 

8259  [DEATH  AS  PREACHER]  [?  c.  1786] 

Aquatint.  No  title.  The  interior  of  a  large  Gothic  church.  In  the  pulpit 
(1.)  is  a  skeleton,  wearing  a  surplice,  his  skull  in  profile  to  the  r.,  1.  hand 
raised  admonishingly  to  an  inattentive  congregation,  unaware  of  his  iden- 
tity. Behind  him  an  hour-glass  stands  on  a  bracket.  In  the  foreground, 
near  the  pulpit,  men  and  women  sit  or  stand  intent  on  their  own  concerns. 
Two  stout  men  sleep  with  their  backs  to  the  pulpit ;  two  boys  play  at  their 
feet.  Three  men,  one  a  cripple,  pay  court  to  three  young  women.  A 
fashionably  dressed  man  with  a  pistol  in  his  pocket  listens  to  the  preacher. 
In  the  background  is  a  sea  of  heads.  Against  the  west  wall  is  an  organ ;  on 
the  wall  are  the  royal  arms  and  a  row  of  fire-buckets. 
I4fxi9|in. 

8260  LONDON  REFINEMENT.* 

Pu¥  Jan  I  lySy  by  S  W  Fores  at  the  Caricature  Warehouse  No  3 
Piccadilly 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  A  companion  print  to  No.  8261.  A 
foppish  young  man  wearing  a  looped  hat  with  cockade,  double-breasted 
waistcoat,  ruffled  shirt,  striped  stockings,  and  low  shoes  with  rosettes,  walks 
(1.  to  r.)  rapidly  but  affectedly.  His  head  is  turned  to  the  1.  and  he  looks 
downwards ;  his  1.  hand  held  up  in  a  finicking  manner. 
8-|X5iin. 

8261  COUNTRY  SIMPLICITY.* 
[Imprint  as  No.  8260.] 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).   A  youth  walks  r.  to  1.,  but  looking  to 

front,  holding  a  long  stick  or  staff.  His  hair  hangs  loosely  on  his  shoulders, 

*  Attributed  to  Rowlandson  by  Grego,  i.  199. 

990 


ADDENDA,  C.   1781-92 

his  dress  is  careless,  with  shirt  open  at  the  neck,  breeches  unbuttoned  at  the 
knees,  and  the  buckles  of  his  shoes  unlatched. 

8JX5f  in. 

8262  THE  BRAIN-SUCKER,  OR  THE  MISERIES  OF  AUTHOR- 
SHIP. 

[Rowlandson.] 

Designed  &  Etched  for  the  British  Mercury, 

Published  May  9.  lySy 

Engraving.  The  interior  of  a  ramshackle  garret.  A  dishevelled  man  sits  at 
a  table  (1.)  writing  intently,  disregarding  a  stout  citizen  wearing  a  hat  who 
holds  out  to  him  a  pamphlet  or  manuscript  inscribed  Odes.  A  bed  is  turned 
on  its  end  leaning  against  the  wall,  the  legs  projecting.  A  loaf,  a  pitcher, 
a  folio  volume  lie  on  the  ground ;  a  lean  cat  sits  beside  the  table.  In  the 
casement  window  are  an  hour-glass  and  a  pair  of  shoes.  The  open  door 
is  made  of  rough  planks. 

Illustration  to  an  account  of  a  young  would-be  poet  who  falls  into  the 
clutches  of  a  bookseller  who  takes  a  garret  for  him  in  Grub  Street  and 
exacts  odes,  epigrams,  satires,  &c.  to  order. 

515X7 J  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  3557  mc.  (p.  14). 

8263  MOSES,  ERECTING  THE  BRAZEN  SERPENT,   IN  THE 
DESERT. 

[Gillray.] 

Designed  &  Etched  for  the  British  Mercury. 

Pu¥June  23^  J7<§7,  by  J.  Ridgewayy  A^"  ig6,  Piccadilly 

Engraving.  Moses  leans  back  in  a  strained  attitude  supported  on  the  1. 
knee  and  the  1.  arm,  holding  erect  the  head  of  a  serpent  which  is  twined 
round  his  1.  thigh.  His  r.  foot  rests  on  the  tables  of  the  law  which  lie  on 
the  ground,  the  'graven  image*  commandment  being  partly  legible. 
Elderly  orientals  prostrate  themselves.  In  the  background  young  women 
are  fleeing  in  terror  to  the  1.,  some  mounted  on  asses  behind  their  riders. 
A  signpost  of  strange  construction  points  To  Baal-Peor,  In  the  background 
are  tents. 
Reproduced,  Fuchs,  Die  Juden  in  der  Karikatury  1 921,  p.  43. 

6x  12  in.  B.M.L.,  P.P.  3557.  mc.  (p.  104). 

8264  A  SOLO  ON  THE  VIOLA  DI  GAMBA 
MR  ABEL 

Etched  by  W.N  Gardiner  JN  [Nixon]  lySy 

Publishd  as  the  Act — by  E.  Harding  132  Fleet  Street  July  lySy 

Engraving.  T.Q.L.  portrait  of  Karl  Friedrich  Abel  (see  vol.  v),  slightly 
caricatured.  He  is  seated  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  his  instrument,  and 
wears  an  old-fashioned  coat,  ruffles,  bag-wig,  and  sword. 

5JX4H  in.  Burney  Coll.  i.  No.  i. 

991 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8265  MISS  RETURNING  FROM  A  VISIT,  OR  THOMAS  FORD- 
ING A  BROOK  WITH  HIS  MISTRESS. 

145  London  Printed  for  Robert  Sayer,  N.  55  Fleet  Street,  as  the  Act 
directs,  10  Sepf  lySy. 

Mezzotint.  A  footman  in  livery  walks  through  a  stream  towards  the 
spectator;  a  young  woman  of  meretricious  appearance  sits  astride  on  his 
shoulders,  clutching  his  queue,  and  holding  a  stick  in  her  1.  hand  in  the 
manner  of  a  riding-switch.  A  couple  (1.)  look  over  a  paling  at  the  spectacle. 
Trees  form  a  background. 
5iX4|in. 

8266  SIR  JEFFERY   DUNSTAN   PRESENTING   AN  ADDRESS 
FROM  THE  CORPORATION  OF  GARRATT.  [30  Dec.  1788^] 

[Attributed  to  Rowlandson.     ?  W.H.] 

Engraving.  Pitt,  enthroned  on  a  close-stool,  receives  a  deputation  from  the 
Corporation  of  London  travestied  as  ragamuffins.  The  place  of  the  Lord 
Mayor  (Gill)  is  taken  by  the  knock-kneed  Dunstan  (see  No.  5637,  &c.), 
who  holds  out  a  scroll  inscribed  Address  from  the  very  Ancient  and  respect- 
able Corporation  ofGarratt.  High  and  Mighty  Sir.  He  says :  Only  two  dissent- 
ing voices,  your  honor,  Sir  Solomon  Raggedarse  and  Sir  Gregory  Donky.  His 
gown  is  held  up  by  a  man  dressed  as  a  zany  (.?  Domford,  cf.  No.  7393), 
with  a  bottle  labelled  Gin  on  his  head,  and  by  Wilkes.  The  former  asks  : 
Did  you  ever  see  such  grace  and  dignity  in  your  life  M^  Alderman!  Wilkes 

answers:  Grace!  He  shall  be  fftade  master  of  the  Ceremonies  at  St  J s*s! 

Dornford's  dress  is  inscribed  Coniac,  Shrub,  Rum,  Brandy,  &c.  On  the 
extreme  1.  is  Watson  pressing  forward  with  eager  deference;  behind  are 
undifferentiated  aldermen.  Pitt  says  to  Dunstan  (who  holds  the  mace): 
Thanks;  Thanks;  my  respectable  Friend,  this  is  the  most  delicious  cordial  I 
have  tasted  yet.  Behind  him  stands  Bishop  Pretyman  holding  the  Address 
from  Manchester. 

See  No.  7393.  Domford  moved  an  address  of  thanks  to  Pitt  in  Common 
Council  on  18  Dec,  carried  by  52  to  26.  It  was  opposed  by  the  Recorder 
(Adair)  and  five  Aldermen  (including  Sawbridge,  Newnham,  Pickett,  and 
Skinner).   General  Advertiser,  20  Dec.  1788. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  i.  232. 
7fXii|in. 

8267  THE  RIVAL  CANDIDATES.  [?  1789] 

Aquatint.  Justice,  seated  on  clouds,  holds  the  beam  of  a  pair  of  scales, 
bowls  inscribed  Trifler  (1.)  and  Microcosm  (r.).  In  the  latter  sit  George  III 
and  three  Etonians  who  are  alarmed  at  being  outweighed  by  three  (younger) 
Westminster  boys.  The  King  clutches  a  money-bag  inscribed  Mon  50  G. 
The  Queen,  seated  on  the  ground  in  the  foreground  (r.),  pulls  a  rope, 
attempting  to  drag  down  the  King's  scale.  The  Westminster  boys  wear 
mortar-board  caps  and  gowns,  the  Etonians  wear  gowns  but  are  bare- 
headed. Behind  the  King  (r.)  is  Windsor  Castle,  behind  the  other  scale 
are  the  two  towers  of  Westminster  Abbey,  while  on  the  ground  below  are 
large  books. 

^  So  dated  by  Grego. 

992 


ADDENDA,  C.   1781-92 

Perhaps  an  illustration  of  the  attempt  of  James  Hook  (editor  of  the 
Westminster  TrifleVy  31  May  1788-21  March  1789)  to  satirize  Eton  which 
provoked  the  epigram  of  Canning  (editor  of  the  Eton  Microcosm^  6  Nov. 
1786-30  July  1787)  on  the  heavy  fellows  of  Westminster.  The  manner 
resembles  that  of  Hook. 

i3iXio  in. 

8268  A  BRAVURA  AT  THE  HANOVER  SQUARE  CONCERT. 
JN  lySg^  [Nixon.] 

London:  Pu¥  by  Will""  Holland,  N°  30,  Oxford  Street y  May,  27, 1789 

In  Holland's  Exhibition  Rooms  may  be  seen  the  largest  Collection  of 
humorous  Prints  in  Europe  Admittance  i  Shilling 

Aquatint.  Two  musicians  (T.Q.L.)  behind  a  balustrade:  Tenducci  sings, 
standing  chapeau-bras  in  profile  to  the  1.  holding  his  music.  He  is  very 
foppish,  wearing  a  large  sword ;  a  'cellist  who  resembles  Cervetto  sits  (1.) 
turning  his  head  in  profile  to  the  r.  Across  the  base  of  the  design  are  the 
heads  and  shoulders  of  four  men,  seated  with  their  backs  to  the  balustrade, 
one  wearing  a  ribbon  and  star.  They  listen  with  displeasure  or  indifference. 
'The  Professional  Concert'  was  given  at  the  Hanover  Square  Rooms  from 
1783  to  1793.  Cervetto  ceased  performing  on  the  death  of  his  father  in 
Jan.  1783.   Grove,  Diet.  Music. 

8ix6iiin. 

8269  DIVERSIONS  OF  HATFIELD. 

Pub  July  24  lySg  by  S„  W,,  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly, 
[I.  Cruikshank.] 

Engraving  (coloured  and  uncoloured  impressions).  Five  men  who  appear 
to  be  menservants  are  grouped  on  the  1.  of  the  design,  taking  part  in  an 
archery  contest.  The  target  is  placed  on  a  tree  in  the  form  of  a  woman, 
branches  being  upraised  arms.  A  negro  in  livery  takes  aim,  saying,  nozo 
for  de  midle  hole  in  de  hair.  On  the  r.,  beyond  the  target.  Lord  Salisbury, 
in  back  view,  but  recognizable  from  the  stiffness  of  his  legs  and  person 
(cf.  Gillray's  PolonitiSy  1795),  stands  beside  a  seat  on  which  sit  two  ladies. 
He  says :  heHl  be  in  I  think.  The  lady  next  him  says  he  stands  well.  A  foppish 
military  officer  leans  on  the  back  of  the  seat;  a  lady  stands  beside  him 
watching  through  an  eye-glass.  In  the  middle  distance,  near  the  archers, 
are  three  maidservants  who  say  respectively,  black  John  is  a  good  one ;  /  know 
thaty  and  so  do  I.  Beneath  the  design  are  twelve  lines  of  verse  beginning : 

Hatfield's  fair  Hostess  prompt  by  wity 
To  Arch'ry's  chosen  few y 
Presents  a  mark  for  all  to  hit 
That  point  their  arrows  true. 

For  archery  as  a  fashionable  sport  cf.  Rowlandson's  ToxophiliteSy  pub. 
20  Feb.  1790  (not  satirical). 

8iX26iin. 

*  In  reversed  characters. 

993  3  s 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8270  THE  GILPIN  WHIGS  RETURN  TO  ROCHESTER  WITHOUT 
THEIR  CANDIDATE.  [  ?  1790] 

[?  I.  Cruikshank.] 

London  Pub  May  20  for  the  Proprietor  by  S.  W.  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly 
where  may  be  seen  the  Compleatest  Collection  of  Caricatures  in  the 
Kingdom  also  the  Head  &  Hand  of  Count  Struenzee  Admittance 
one  Shilling. 

Engraving.  Roads  diverge  in  three  directions  from  a  posting-inn.  A  sign- 
post (1.)  points  1.  To  London;  another  (r.)  points  to  Rochester  and  To  Ayles- 
bury ^  these  roads  converging  in  an  acute  angle.  In  the  centre  foreground 
is  a  round  well-head.  A  post-chaise  on  the  extreme  1.  gallops  off  to  London ; 
three  passengers  vi^earing  election  favours  in  their  hats  exclaim  respectively : 
Dead  or  alive  we* II  have  him  Fll  Barber  him ;  Provided  nevertheless y  if  he  does 
not  we  will  have  his  son ;  Fll  Butcher  him  if  he  wont  come  Dam  him.  A  horse- 
man, v^ho  has  lost  his  stirrups,  gallops  after  the  coach,  saying,  Dam  M^ 

G s  &  M*"  R ns  too  Fll  see  if  the  Eloquence  of  a  Bishop  will  not  bring 

him.  A  man  sprawling  on  the  ground  by  the  inn  shouts  towards  the  horse- 
man, saying,  Stop  him  hes  stole  the  Horse.  A  man  lounges  at  the  door  of  the 
inn  holding  the  reins  of  several  saddle-horses.  The  inn  is  inscribed  Beef 
Steak  House;  over  the  door  is  John  Dickins;  an  election  flag  inscribed 
Gregory  flies  from  a  first-floor  window. 

On  the  Rochester  road  in  the  foreground  a  post-chaise  proceeds  slowly 
with  shuttered  windows,  but  flying  two  flags.  Words  come  from  two 
invisible  occupants:  Tho  Smith's  the  best  friend  I  have  Fll  oppose  him  Bob 
for  fun's  sake  and  This  will  Kill  me  Quite  Matt.  Two  horsemen  follow, 
saying,  Fll  be  ashamed  to  go  into  Town  Tho  its  allmost  Dark  and  Fll  say  I 
have  been  to  Gravesefid  on  business.  In  front  of  the  chaise  a  horseman  with 
a  flag  gallops,  saying.  As  I  am  the  Manager  I  must  haste  to  the  Hall  & 
nominate  him  tho'  I  know  he  wont  come.  In  the  distance  two  riders  proceed 
on  the  Aylesbury  road,  saying,  Fll  go  this  way  that  they  may  not  laugh  at  mCy 
and  friend  so  zvill  I.  A  man  lounging  by  the  inn  says  /  should  like  to  go  to 
supper  but  I  suppose  they  that  go  must  pay.  On  each  post-chaise  is  the 
letter  A. 

An  election  print  whose  details  are  obscure:  the  imprint  suggests  the 
date  1790,  when  the  general  election  was  in  June.  Robert  Gregory  was 
one  of  Fox's  martyrs  in  1784  when  Sir  C.  Middleton  and  Nathaniel  Smith 
were  returned  for  Rochester.  In  1790  there  was  another  contested  elec- 
tion, at  which  neither  Gregory  nor  Smith  polled.  In  1792  Smith  again 
became  M.P.  for  Rochester  on  the  death  of  Sir  R.  Bickerton;  he  died  in 
1794. 
yXiSJgin. 

8271  INN  YARD  AT  CALAIS  [?  1790] 
Frederick  George  Byron  Esq^  del.  Engraved  by  Stadler  &  Lewis 
London  Published  Nov""  i  1802,  by  Wilt"  Holland^  N°  JJ,  Cockspur 

Street,  {removed  from  Oxford  Street.) 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  One  of  a  set  of  prints  on  the  humours  of 
travel  in  France  in  1790  or  perhaps  1791,  costume  and  architecture  being 
realistically  rendered.  The  courtyard  of  a  large  inn,  probably  Dessein's, 
with  English  visitors  arriving,  a  post-chaise  departing.  A  man  at  an  open 

994 


ADDENDA,  C,   1781-92 

door  bows  obsequiously  to  two  Englishmen  who  are  about  to  enter.  Two 
others  talk  to  a  coquettish  girl  who  sells  tricolour  cockades;  one,  an  old 
parson,  chucks  her  under  the  chin.  An  Englishman  (wearing  a  tricolour 
cockade)  leans  out  angrily  from  the  post-chaise  to  rate  the  postilion,  on 
one  of  three  wretched  hacks  harnessed  abreast.  The  latter  wears  milk- 
chum  boots  grotesquely  exaggerated.  A  barber  (1.),  carrying  a  wig,  collides 
with  a  cook  who  spills  the  contents  of  his  pot  over  the  wig.  From  a  win- 
dow leans  an  irate  man  looking  at  the  ruin  of  his  wig.  A  man  in  sabots 
but  wearing  ruffles  enters  (1.)  with  luggage.  A  monk  enters  from  the  1.  A 
peasant  woman  stands  outside  a  window,  a  dog  under  each  arm ;  from  the 
window  leans  a  young  lady,  holding  the  dog  she  has  just  bought.  Other 
guests  appear  at  windows.  Through  a  space  between  two  blocks  of  the 
building  is  seen  a  second  courtyard  in  which  is  a  large  coach.  See  Nos. 
8272-5. 
15JX21  in.  With  border,  18  |x  26 J  in. 

8272  BREAKFAST  AT  BRETEUIL. 

Frederick  George  Byron  Es(f  del.  Engraved  hy  Lewis 
London    Published  Nov""  i.  18 01  [?  2],  hy  Will"^  Holland  [. . .  as 
No.  8271]. 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Six  Englishmen  are  dressing  and  break- 
fasting in  a  bare  but  dignified  room.  One  draws  on  his  boots  beside  an 
open  trunk,  another  holds  his  shirt  before  his  naked  person.  A  dwarfish 
barber's  boy  curls  the  hair  of  a  third ;  he  turns  to  look  at  a  begging  dog  and 
burns  his  enraged  customer.  A  stout  man  swathed  in  a  sheet  is  being  shaved 
by  a  gesticulating  barber.  An  elderly  man  stands  at  the  table,  eating  and 
drinking  in  haste;  a  pretty  Frenchwoman  advances  with  a  coffee-pot  and 
plate  of  bread.  At  the  door  a  gaunt  post-boy  in  boots  stands  gesticulating, 
addressing  a  short  Englishman  without  wig  or  coat.  Luggage  and  garments 
lie  on  the  ground.  On  all  the  hats  are  tricolour  cockades.  Above  the 
chimney-piece  (r.)  is  a  picture  of  the  attack  on  the  Bastille,  see  No.  7550,  &c. 
A  fire  burns  on  the  hearth.  Through  the  doorway  (1.)  is  seen  the  opposite 
side  of  a  courtyard  with  first-floor  balcony.  The  Frenchmen  are  the  stock 
characters  of  English  caricature.  See  No.  8271,  &c. 
15IX23J  in.  (Border  cropped  along  r.  side.) 

8273  CHANGING  HORSES  NEAR  CLERMONT. 
London  Published  Nov''  1. 1802,  hy  Will^  Holland,  .  .  .' 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  A  post-chaise  stands  at  the  door  of  a  small 
wayside  post-house.  The  post-boy,  helped  by  a  second  post-boy,  puts  a 
horse  between  the  shafts,  a  second  horse  (saddled)  stands  by.  A  young 
woman  watches  from  the  chaise,  her  companion  leans  out  to  give  alms  to 
a  woman  with  two  children.  Behind  (r.)  a  post-boy  gallops  off.  In  the  post- 
house  door  stands  a  pretty  young  woman ;  beside  it  is  a  pair  of  huge  milk- 
churn  boots.  The  first  post-boy  wears  similar  boots  and  an  enormous 
cocked  hat.  On  the  r.  two  boys  play  at  soldiers  under  a  withered  tree  on 
whose  trunk  a  small  shrine  is  nailed.  In  the  background  a  crucifix  (r.) 
stands  out  against  the  sky.  See  No.  8271,  &c. 
i5iX23  in.  With  border,  i8f  X26|  in. 

^  Signatures  and  address  as  No.  8272» 

995 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

8274  A  VISIT  TO  THE  CONVENT  AT  AMIENS. 

London  Published^  March  1 1803  by  William  Holland  .  .  .^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  The  interior  of  a  bare  room  having  on 
one  side  two  large  grilles  behind  which  are  nuns  conversing  with  visitors. 
At  one  (r.)  a  fashionably  dressed  English  couple  are  seated,  talking  to  a 
nun  behind  whom  is  a  large  crucifix.  At  the  other  a  young  Frenchwoman 
talks  to  two  nuns.  An  Englishman  in  riding-dress  leads  a  pretty  young 
Englishwoman  by  the  hand,  pointing  insinuatingly  at  the  grille,  from  which 
she  averts  her  head.  At  the  door  a  fat  monk  holds  out  his  hand  greedily  to 
an  Englishman  who  is  entering  the  room.   See  No.  8271,  &c. 

15  X  22^  in.  With  border,  i8Jx  25J  in. 


8275  RETURNING  FROM  A  REVIEW  AT  THE  CHAMP  DE  MARS 
IN  PARIS.^ 

Aquatint  (coloured  impression).  Soldiers  in  double  file  march  (1.  to  r.)  in 
a  Paris  street  diagonally  across  the  design.  They  are  led  by  a  fat  debauched- 
looking  monk  who  leers  at  a  nun  by  his  side ;  both  carry  drawn  sabres.  A 
fiddler  capers  in  front  of  the  pair.  Next  is  a  drummer;  the  soldiers  are 
correctly  dressed  and  carry  bayoneted  muskets.  A  man  with  a  long  loaf 
of  bread  waves  his  hat  frantically.  In  the  foreground  (1.)  is  a  shoeblack 
who,  gazing  at  the  monk  and  nun,  applies  his  brush  to  the  stocking  of  his 
enraged  customer.  Other  spectators  are  a  lawyer,  an  officer  arm-in-arm 
with  a  coquettish  girl.  On  the  extreme  r.  a  litnonadier,  his  vessel  strapped 
to  his  back,  turns  its  tap  into  the  glass  of  a  dwarfish  boy  or  man.  The  lower 
part  of  buildings  abutting  on  the  street  forms  a  background:  a  church 
wedged  between  a  house  (1.)  and  a  barber's  shop  (r.)  indicated  by  wigs  and 
implements  painted  on  the  shutter,  &c. 

Probably  the  return  from  the  FSte  de  la  Federation  of  14  July  1790.  The 
decrotteur  and  limonadier  resemble  those  in  Paris  scenes  by  Bunbury, 
Nos.  4763,  4782,  4919.   See  No.  8271,  &c. 

15x^6X22 J  in.   With  border,  i8JX25i  in. 


8276  AN  IMPI  OUS  ATTACK  ON  THE  BACK  SETTLEMENTS 
OR  ORIENTAL  DIVERSIONS  FOR  RAJAHS.^  [?  1791] 

Cruikshank 

London  Fuhijan^^  4,  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  Where  may  be  seen 
the  completest  collection  of  Caricatures  &c  in  the  Kingdom  Also  the 
Head  &  hand  of  Count  Struenzee  admitt  j* 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Sir  Elijah  Impey,  wearing  a  judge's  wig, 
birches  a  young  woman  whom  a  boy  holds  on  his  back,  grasping  her  wrists. 
The  boy  looks  round  with  a  grin,  saying.  Tickle  her  well  Dad  its  my  turn 
next.  Impey,  raising  his  birch  ferociously,  answers,  aye  aye  Fll  lay  it  into 
her.  The  girl  says  Oh  the  Young  Imp,  Fll  bring  you  both  to  Justice.  On  a 
table  (1.)  are  books :  A  Treatise  on  the  Birch  Discipline  and  Female  Flagel- 
lants. Beneath  are  chamber-pots  containing  birch-rods,  inscribed  [ra]jah 

^  Signatures  and  address  as  No.  8272. 

*  EU  has  been  erased,  and  ra  etched  above  it. 

996 


ADDENDA,  C.   1781-92 

Serf  and  \rd\iah  jun.  On  the  floor  (r.)  are  two  books :  Potent  Reasons  why 
Judges  should  avenge  themselves  and  How  to  Keep  Maids  under.  On  the  wall 
which  forms  a  background  is  a  statue  of  Justice  in  a  niche  (the  head  cut  off 
by  the  upper  margin),  one  scale  inscribed  Suprem  Power  much  outweighing 
the  other.  On  each  side  of  it  is  a  large  picture :  (1.)  Excessive  Pride.  Impey, 
seated  on  a  throne,  receives  homage  from  prostrate  orientals.  A  young 
woman  fans  him  and  shades  him  with  an  umbrella.  Murderous-looking 
ruffians  with  pikes,  &c.,  and  a  banner  with  a  skull  and  cross-bones,  stand 
beside  him  and  on  the  r.  is  an  executioner  carrying  a  noose  and  axe  (an 
allusion  to  Nandakumar,  see  No.  7265).  Degrading  Humility  (r.)  shows 
the  interior  of  the  House  of  Commons,  with  Impey  kneeling  at  the  feet  of 
the  Speaker  (r.),  the  young  woman  points  accusingly  towards  him;  birch- 
rods  and  chamber-pots  inscribed  as  above  are  on  the  floor. 

Probably  published  shortly  after  Impey 's  election  to  the  House  of  Com- 
mons in  1790.    On  one  occasion  he  was  violently  attacked  by  Fox  and 
others,  so  irrelevantly  that  they  were  silenced  by  the  Speaker.  E.  B.  Impey, 
Memoirs  of  Sir  E.  Impey y  1846,  pp.  354-5. 
8ixi2|  in. 

8277  A  SUDDEN  SQUALL  IN  HYDE  PARK. 

Drawn  &  Etch*d  by  T.  Rowlandson.  Aquatinta  by  T.  Malton, 
Published  Aug  12,  ijgi  by  S  W  Fores  N  3  Piccadilly^ 

Aquatint.  A  stampede  for  one  of  the  gates  leading  from  the  Park,  through 
which  a  coach  with  two  footmen  behind  is  passing,  followed  by  the  Prince 
of  Wales  on  horseback.  A  very  high  phaeton  with  plunging  horses  rises 
above  the  crowd,  the  driver  said  by  Grego  to  be  Lord  Barrymore ;  his  com- 
panion, a  lady  with  an  open  umbrella,  looks  down  complacently  at  the 
pedestrians.  These  are  in  distress,  the  few  umbrellas  are  blown  inside-out ; 
hair  and  feathers  are  draggled,  hats  blown  off.  A  man  lies  prostrate,  a  dog 
barks  savagely.  A  fat  old  naval  officer,  bent  to  deformity,  inspects  through 
a  glass  a  young  woman  whose  legs  are  defined  by  her  wind-blown  petti- 
coats. Rain  slants  across  the  sky  from  dark  clouds. 

Grego,  RowlandsoHf  i.  302-4.  Grace  Coll.  ix.  No.  57. 

An  anonymous  drawing  in  pen  and  water-colour  of  about  the  same  date, 
with  much  interesting  detail,  shows  a  similar  view  of  Hyde  Park.  The  same 
gate  is  depicted,  the  background  is  more  extensive  (i7iX35  in.). 
i8ixi3|in. 

8278  COMIC  READINGS 

Boyne  Delink  C  Knight  Sculps 

London  Published  Feby  25:  lygi  by  C  Knight  Brumpton  and  W.  Dick- 
insony  N""  158,  New  Bond  Street. 

Stipple  printed  in  colour,  heightened  by  hand.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  8279.  An  elderly  man,  obese  and  grotesque,  stands  on  a  rostrum  (r.), 
reading  through  a  single  eye-glass  held  in  his  r.  hand.  His  audience  (of 
men  and  women,  with  one  small  boy  who  eats  an  apple)  sit  and  stand:  a 
bench  stretches  across  the  foreground  on  which  three  persons  (1.)  sit  in 

*  The  imprint  except  for  'Publish'd'  has  been  etched  over  that  of  T.  Malton, 
No.  6  Conduit  Street  (date,  15  Nov.  1788').  which  has  been  erased.  (From  an 
impression  belonging  to  Mr.  Minto  Wilson.) 

997 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL    AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

back  view,  the  other  seven,  full-face,  turn  their  backs  on  the  reader.  Two 
elderly  men,  much  amused,  sit  with  their  backs  against  the  rostrum;  the 
other  listeners  are  standing.  The  design  is  crowded,  with  thirty-seven 
figures,  nearly  all  fully  characterized,  some  slightly  caricatured.  On  the 
back  wall  is  a  print  of  John  Gilpin  losing  his  hat  and  wig,  cf.  No.  6886,  &c. 
On  the  rostrum  is  a  placard :  Select  Poems  from  \  Peter  Pindar  \  Don  Quixote 
&  I  Tristam  [sic]  Shandy. 
i6JX2of  in. 

8279  TRAGIC  READINGS^  [1791] 

R.  Boyne  Delin^  C  Knight  Sculp' 

Stipple  printed  in  colour,  heightened  by  hand.  A  companion  print  to 
No.  8278.  A  man  stands  on  a  rostrum  (1.)  reading  nearsightedly  from  a 
book,  with  the  expression  and  gesture  (r.  fist  clenched)  of  a  ranting  actor. 
The  audience  are  much  moved.  Two  men  try  to  lift  a  fainting  lady, 
resembling  Mrs.  Wells,  from  her  chair  (r.).  A  man  seated  near  her  astride 
a  bench  inspects  her  through  a  quizzing-glass  with  amusement ;  his  neigh- 
bour ( }  Topham),  also  astride,  gapes  at  her  with  consternation.  On  the 
rostrum  are  two  placards :  Tomorrow  \  As  you  like  it,  with  Select  \  Poems  and 
To  Night,  First  \  Orlando  Furioso,  \  Second  \  The  Victim  \  with  Part  \  of 
M'  Sheridans  \  Speech  in  \  Westminster  Hall  (see  No.  7331).  On  the  wall  are 
three  framed  pictures  or  prints  (1.  to  r.):  a  fox  looking  in  at  a  window;  an 
actress  raising  a  dagger  to  stab  herself;  two  cupids,  one  raising  an  axe  to 
strike  the  other  who  lies  prostrate. 
i6JX2o|  in. 

8280  THE  ROYAL  SAILOR. 

Printed  for  &  Sold  by  Carington  Bowles,  No  6g  St.  PauVs  Church 
Yard,  London.  Published  as  the  Act  directs,  9  Nov'  ^79^' 

Engraving.  A  stage-coach  drawn  by  three  horses  abreast  is  driven  (r.  to  1.) 
along  a  country  road.  It  has  eight  small  wheels  and  a  door  at  the  end,  with 
two  small  windows  on  the  side  of  the  coach,  on  which  are  the  words  Green- 
wich, Charing  Cross,  Woolwich,  and  the  royal  arms.  It  has  a  flat  roof  and  has 
some  resemblance  to  a  caravan  and  also  to  the  nineteenth-century  omnibus. 
Passengers  are  seen  through  the  windows. 

A  stage-coach  of  peculiar  construction,  noted  for  the  large  number  of  its 
wheels,  ran  between  London  and  Greenwich  and  was  called  the  Greenwich 
Caravan.  A  similar  but  smaller  coach  ran  to  Brentford.  Public  Advertiser, 
3  May  1 79 1.  *A  charming  ride  in  a  ten-wheeled  Caravan  from  Greenwich 
to  London'  is  the  title  of  a  humorous  article  in  the  Sporting  Magazine, 
V.  31-2  (Oct.  1794).  The  title  is  that  of  a  song  on  Prince  WiUiam,  c.  1780. 
C.  H.  Firth,  Naval  Songs  and  Ballads,  1908,  p.  262  f. 
sit  X  9ft  in. 

8281  [BOSWELL  AND  THE  GHOST  OF  JOHNSON.]  [?  1791] 
Published  June  1. 1803,  by  C.  Bestland,  West  End,  Hampstead. 

Stipple.    The  ghost  of  Johnson  (1.)  stands  upon  clouds,  1.  hand  raised, 

addressing  Boswell,  seated  (r.)  at  a  table  spread  with  inscribed  pieces  of 

*  Imprint  probably  cut  off. 

998 


ADDENDA,  r.   1781-92 

Stuff,  some  striped  or  embroidered  and  some  in  the  form  of  small  rectangular 
cushions.   Beneath  the  design  is  engraved,  as  if  spoken  by  Johnson : 
Thou  art  a  retailer  of  Phrases; 
And  dost  deal  in  Remnants  of  Remnants y 
Like  a  maker  of  Pincushions. 

Congreve's  Way  of  the  World,  Act  IV.  Scene  9. 

Boswell,  whose  r.  hand  is  raised  in  alarm,  holds  in  his  1.  hand  a  cushion 
inscribed  Hebrides.  The  cushions  and  *  remnants'  are  inscribed :  Wanderer, 
Flora  M'^Donaldy  duck  master  trod  on  good  luck  odd  and,  Montague,  Witches 
Second  Sight,  Hawkin's  Thrale,  Piozzi,  Whigs,  H.  More,  William  III 
Scoundrel,  Percy,  Drunkenness,  Climate  or  Company,  Savage  Lord. 

On  the  wall  behind  Boswell  is  an  oval  bust-portrait  of  himself  and  two 
shelves  of  books.  Five  thick  volumes  in  the  upper  shelf  are  inscribed  Bacon's 
Apothe[gms],  Erasmus  Ada[gia],  Anecdo[tes],  Rabi  .  . .  kimon,  Janus  Vitalis. 
Twenty-six  smaller  volumes  on  the  lower  shelf  are  numbered  only  and 
perhaps  represent  Boswell's  journals,  the  material  for  his  life  of  Johnson. 
Beneath  there  is  a  bust-portrait  of  Boswell. 

Probably  a  reissue  or  copy  of  a  print  published  on  the  appearance  of 
Boswell's  Life  of  Johnson,  passages  in  which,  and  also  in  the  Tour  to  the 
Hebrides  (see  No.  7031,  &c.),  are  ridiculed.   For  the  theme  of  Johnson's 
ghost  see  No.  7052. 
8i  X  7i^  in.  (Portraits  of  Johnson . ) 

8282  AND  NOW  HIS  LIFTED  EYES  THE  CIELING  SOUGHT; 
AND     NOW    HE     WHISTLED— NOT     FOR    WANT     OF 

THOUGHT.  [1791] 

[Rowlandson.] 

Engraving.  Frontispiece  to  The  Lousiad,  Canto  III.  The  interior  of  a 
kitchen  of  homely  appearance.  A  fat  cook  stands  with  his  back  to  the  fire, 
in  meditation,  arms  behind  him.  Five  others,  lean  and  elderly,  grouped 
round  a  table  (1.)  watch  him  in  consternation.  A  sixth  (r.)  sits  in  a  chair 
by  the  fire.  A  wall  clock  points  to  3.55.  A  wheel-jack  hangs  by  the  fire. 
A  kettle,  pestle  and  mortar,  &c.,  are  ranged  on  the  chimney-piece.  A  lean 
dog  and  cat  add  to  the  impression  of  parsimony.  The  cooks  are  dismayed 
at  the  royal  edict  that  their  hair  shall  be  cut,  see  Nos.  7186,  7187.  The  title 
is  quoted  from  p.  40.  See  Huish,  History  of  George  III,  1821,  pp.  461  ff. 

Grego,  Rowlandson,  p.  205  (reproduction). 
8|x6i  in.  B.M.L.  11633.  i.  i. 

8283  THE  LITTLE  FARTHING  RUSH  LIGHT 

London  Pub:  Ocr  3  [?  1792^]  by  S  W Fores  N  3  Piccadilly  where  may 
be  seen  the  largest  collection  of  caracatures  in  the  world  Admit^'  i  sh^ 

Engraving  (coloured  impression).  Five  heads  surround  a  taper  whose  flame 
is  the  head  in  profile  to  the  1.  of  George  III.    The  taper  rises  from  the 

^  G.  Cruikshank  has  written  on  an  impression  in  the  collection  (193 1)  of  Mr. 
W.  T.  Spencer:  'Not  by  me  nor  my  Father   G  C^.' 

^  Mr.  Hawkins  (MS.  index)  gives  the  date  1788,  but  on  3  Oct.  there  was  no 
thought  of  a  regency.  The  imprint  suggests  1792.  G.  Cruikshank  evidently 
attributes  it  to  a  much  later  date,  see  above. 

999 


CATALOGUE    OF    POLITICAL   AND    PERSONAL    SATIRES 

centre  of  a  crown  which  rests  on  a  tasselled  cushion  in  the  foreground.  On 
the  1.  is  Sheridan  in  profile,  his  face  disfigured  by  drink,  puffing  angrily; 
next  is  Fox  facing  T.Q.L.  to  the  r.,  with  a  fierce  expression.  Next  is  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  alarmed  and  rather  fierce ;  beside  him  is  Mrs.  Fitzherbert, 
wearing  breeches  round  her  shoulders,  one  leg  terminating  in  a  garter 
inscribed  Honi  Soit . . .  The  ribbon  of  her  night-cap  is  decorated  with  the 
Prince's  feathers  and  Ich  dien.  On  the  extreme  r.  is  Grey,  puffing  intently, 
his  blast  directed  at  the  back  of  the  King's  head.  All  the  others  puff  awry, 
and  the  light  burns  steadily.  All  the  men  wear  night-caps  and  shirts  open 
at  the  neck. 

Since  the  date  is  uncertain,  the  print  cannot  be  precisely  interpreted.  It 
is  unlikely  that  it  relates  to  the  Regency:  3  Oct.  1788  is  too  early,  3  Oct. 
1789  too  late.   It  would  therefore  seem  to  be  anti- Jacobin  in  spirit. 

Small  copy,  Everitt,  English  Caricaturists ^  p.  xx. 
Six  13  in. 


1000 


APPENDIX  I 


COMPLETE   STATE   OF  THE  POLL 

FOR  THE 
CITY  AND  LIBERTIES  OF  WESTMINSTER.' 


Days  of 

Majority 

the 

The  Number  of  each 

on 

Month. 

Days  of  polling. 

Day's  Poll. 

Total  Number. 

the  Poll. 

Hood. 

Fox. 

Wray. 

Hood. 

Fox. 

Wray. 

Fox. 

Wray. 

April    I 

First  Day 

264 

302 

238 

264 

302 

238 

64 

2 

Second 

970 

941 

866 

1234 

1243 

1 104 

139 

3 

Third 

951 

680 

871 

2185 

1923 

1975 

52 

5 

Fourth 

1077 

945 

lOIO 

3262 

2868 

2985 

117 

6 

Fifth 

674 

545 

637 

3936 

3413 

3622 

209 

7 

Sixth 

522 

414 

495 

4458 

3827 

4117 

290 

8 

Seventh 

339 

299 

303 

4797 

4126 

4422 



296 

g 

Eighth 

80 

75 

69 

4877 

4201 

4489 

288 

lO 

Ninth 

341 

271 

299 

5218 

4472 

4788 

316 

12 

Tenth 

246 

205 

207 

5464 

4677 

4995 

318 

13 

Eleventh 

117 

142 

97 

5581 

4819 

5092 

273 

14 

Twelfth 

151 

186 

n6 

5732 

5005 

5208 

203 

IS 

Thirteenth 

143 

143 

113 

5875 

5148 

5321 

173 

i6 

Fourteenth 

96 

82 

79 

5971 

5230 

5400 

170 

17 

Fifteenth 

81 

75 

65 

6052 

5305 

5465 

160 

19 

Sixteenth 

68 

65 

68 

6120 

5370 

5533 

163 

20 

Seventeenth 

54 

73 

41 

6174 

5443 

5574 

131 

21 

Eighteenth 

65 

76 

49 

6239 

5519 

5623 

104 

22 

Nineteenth 

35 

51 

27 

6274 

5570 

5650 

80 

23 

Twentieth 

52 

45 

49 

6327 

5615 

5699 

84 

24 

Twenty-first 

51 

S6 

38 

6377 

5671 

5737 

66 

26 

Twenty-second 

52 

79 

40 

6429 

5750 

5777 

27 

27 

Twenty-third 

39 

77 

29 

6468 

5827 

5806 

21 

28 

Twenty-fourth 

39 

56 

36 

6507 

5883 

5842 

41 

29 

Twenty-fifth 

25 

38 

23 

6532 

5921 

5865 

56 

30 

Twenty-sixth 

16 

42 

12 

6548 

5963 

5877 

86 

May     1 

Twenty-seventh 

14 

29 

13 

6562 

5992 

5890 

102 

3 

Twenty-eighth 

12 

24 

12 

6574 

6016 

5902 

114 

4 

Twenty-ninth 

14 

33 

II 

6588 

6049 

5913 

136 

5 

Thirtieth 

12 

35 

s 

6600 

6084 

5918 

166 

6 

Thirty-first 

14 

20 

II 

6614 

6104 

5929 

175 

7 

Thirty-second 

10 

9 

8 

6624 

6113 

5937 

176 

8 

Thirty-third 

II 

21 

9 

6635 

6134 

5946 

188 

10 

Thirty-fourth 

23 

15 

19 

6658 

6149 

5965 

184 

II 

Thirty-fifth 

5 

16 

6 

6663 

6165 

5971 

194 

12 

Thirty-sixth 

5 

17 

6 

6668 

6182 

5977 

205 

13 

Thirty-seventh 

4 

12 

3 

6672 

6194 

5980 

214 

14 

Thirty-eighth 

3 

7 

2 

6675 

6201 

5982 

219 

15 

Thirty-ninth 

6 

17 

5 

6681 

6218 

5987 

231 

17 

Fortieth 

Total 

13 

16 

II 

6694 

6234 

5998 

236 

6694 

6234 

5998 

The  High  Bailiff's  return,  4  March  1785,  with  bad  votes  deducted: 
Hood,  6588 
Fox,  6126 
Wray,  5895.  See  No.  6783. 

'  History  of  the  Westminster  Election^  1784,  p.  410. 
lOOI 


APPENDIX  IP 

KEY  TO  THE  DATES  OF  THE  SERIES  OF  MEZZOTINTS 
ISSUED  BY  CARINGTON  BOWLES 

The  dates  have  in  general  been  erased  from  the  prints;  in  reissues  by 
Bowles  and  Carver  they  appear  to  have  been  burnished  from  the  plate,  and 
in  later  reissues  some  prints  have  been  re-dated.  As  the  series  was  numbered 
consecutively  impressions  which  are  both  numbered  and  dated  are  a  guide 
to  the  approximate  dates  of  other  prints. 

Bowles's 
No,  Date.  Title.  Catalogue  No. 

524         12  Apr.  1784  The     Right     Honble 

Samuel,  Baron  Hood 
.  .  .  [C.S.,  p.  1732]  - 

542  9  Nov.  1784  Pit  Door  6769    Vol.  VI 

554         18  May  1785  M^     Lunardi's    New 

Balloon,  as  it  as- 
cended with  Himself 
13  May  17852  — 

558         10  July  1785  JohnGilpin'sRetum...    6906    Vol.  VI 

576         [Aug.  1786]  Margaret    Nicholson, 

attempting  to  assas- 
sinate HisMajesty...  — ^ 
591           4  June  1790                  Industry  — "^ 
598        12  Aug.  1790                A  Nettle ...                    7816    Vol.  VI 
603           I  Feb.  1 79 1                  Anacreontic  Petition...    8047 
607         15  (or  25)  Apr.  1 79 1     A  Deep  One  .  .  .             8049 
614          2  Jan.  1792                  Mad  Bullock                    8223 

616  20  Feb.  1792  Fasting  in  Lent  8225 

617  4  June  1792  French  Privateers  .  .  .     8226 

622  29  Sept.  1792  Lottery  Ticket .  .  .  8231 

623  29  Sept.  1792  Ticket  a  blank  .  .  .  8232 

624  9  Nov.  1792  Artillery  Driver  8233 
633           2  Oct.  1793                  Ordinary  on  Sunday's...  Vol.  VII 
638         17  Feb.  1794                 Lottery  Contrast^  — 

RE-DATED  PRINTS 

515         [1784]  The  Frenchman  in  distress  6761    Vol.  VI 

There  is  a  state  dated  6  Jan.  1797. 

580  [}c.  1787]  The  Banks  of  the  Shannon.  Im- 
pression in  'Caricatures*,  i.  70,  is  dated 
14  Feb.  1799. 

'  Continued  from  Vol.  V,  p.  787. 

2  Banks  Collection,  B.M.L.  1890.  e.  15. 

^  'Caricatures',  i.  37. 

*  Ibid.  ii.  69. 

5  In  the  possession  of  Mr.  W.  T.  Spencer. 


1002 


INDEX  OF  PERSONS 

Persons  depicted,  mentioned,  or  alluded  to  in  the  prints  are  included,  but  not 
persons  mentioned  only  in  the  explanatory  notes  {other  than  conjectural  or  alter^ 
native  identifications).  An  asterisk  denotes  a  foreign  print. 


ABD-UL-HAMID  I   1786;  6917.   1787: 

7180.    1792:  8072,  8143 
ABEL,  Karl  Friedrich        Addenda: 

8264 
ABiNGTON,    Frances     1786:    6931, 

7053 
ABRAM,  Miss  Harriet  (and /or  Miss 

Theodora    and/or    Miss    Eliza) 

1788:  7421 
ACLAND,    Sir   Thomas,    see   dykje- 

ACLAND 

ADAIR,    James    Mackittrick,    M.D. 

1790: 7721 
ADAM,  James  (and /or  Robert)  1791 : 

8016,  8017 
ADAM,  WilHam    1786:  6939.    1787: 

7139,  7158 
ADAMS,  Daniel  1791:  7859 
ADDINGTON,  Henry  (Speaker,  1789- 

180 1,    cr.    Viscount    Sidmouth 

1805)   1790:  7623,   7691.     1791: 

7855, 7856,  7863, 7870, 7871.   1792: 

8147 
ADDINGTON,  William   1790:  7648 
ADH^MAR,  Jean-Balthazar,  Comte  d' 

1784:  6716 
ALFiERi,  Vittorio   1791:  8010 
AMBLER,  Charles   1784:  6431 
AMBROSE,  Miss   1784:  6687 
AMELIA,  Princess  (aunt  of  George 

HI)  1786:6991.    1787:7121. 
AMELIA,     Princess     (daughter     of 

George  HI)  1791:  7927.    1792: 

8074 
AMHERST,  Jeffrey  Amherst,  Baron 

(General,     Field-marshal     1796) 

1786:  6922.    1788:  7330.    1789: 

7507 
ANCRAM,  Earl  of,  see  lothian 
ANDERSON,    John    William     1791: 

7834 
ANDREWS  (Shop  Tax  Commissioner) 

1785:  6813 
ANGERSTEiN,    John    Julius     1790: 

7726,  7733 


ANKERSTROM    (or     Ankarstroehm), 

Johann  Jacob    1792:  813 1 
ANSTRUTHER,  John   1788:  7268* 
ARCHER,  MRS.  {me  Holland),  called 

Mrs.  Sheldon   1788:  7406 
APSLEY,  Henry  Bathurst,  Lord  (3rd 

Earl  Bathurst  1 794-1 834)   1790: 

7623 
ARABiN,    Harriet    {nee    Molyneux) 

1789:  7574 
ARABIN,  Major  William    1789:  7574 
ARCHER,  Hon.  Anne  {m.  Christopher 

Musgrave)     1788:    7428,    7429, 

7430 

ARCHER,  Hon.  Harriet  {m.  1790 
Edward  Bolton  Clive)  1788:  7301 
(6),  7428,  7429,  7430 

ARCHER,  Hon.  Maria  {m.  4  Nov.  1788 
Henry  Howard  of  Corby)  1788: 
7428,  7429,  7430 

ARCHER,  Sarah  (West),  Lady  1784: 
6524.  1787:7218.  1788:7301(6), 
7330,  7359(8),  7428,  7429,  7430, 
7437.  1789:  7522.  1791:  7921, 
7935,  7973-  1792:  8075,  8112, 
8167,  8174 

ARCHER,  Hon.  Sarah  {m.  Other- 
Hickman,  5th  Earl  of  Plymouth) 
1788:7428,  7429,7430 

ARDEN,  Richard  Pepper  (cr.  Baron 
Alvanley  1801)  1784:6387,6649. 
1785:  6773,  6797,  6810.  1786: 
6915,  6962.  1787:  7128,  7130, 
7139,7154,7163,7182,7183.  1788: 
7259,  7265,  7303,  7324,  7330,  7332, 
7334,  7359  (6).  1789:  7477,  7495, 
7498,  7516,  7527.  1790:  7623, 
7640,  7682,  7691.  1791:  7871. 
1792:8076 

ARGYLL,  John  Campbell,  5th  Duke 
of   1791:7980,7982.    1792:8163 

ARMISTEAD  or  ARMSTEAD,  Mrs.  (Eliza- 
beth Bridget,  nee  Cane,  m.  1795 
C.  J.  Fox)  1786:  6975.  1788: 
7370,  7379.    1792:  8073,  8160 


*  Date  uncertain. 


1003 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


ARNOT,   Hugo     1784:   6692,   6698. 

1788:7415  ^ 

ARTOis,  Charles-Philippe,  Comte  d' 

(Charles  X  1824-30)   1789:  7550, 

7553-    1792:  8068,  8084 
ASHBRIDGE  (musician)   1787:  7163 
ASHBURTON,  William  Dunning,  ist 

Baron    1790:  7642 
ASHURST    (or    Ashhurst)    William 

Henry  1785:  6852 
ASTLEY,     Philip     (equestrian   per- 
former)  1789:  7561 
ASTON,  Hervey  1790:  7654 
ATKINSON,  Christopher  1784:  6616, 

6667.     1785:    6837,    6838,    6839. 

1786:  7070 
ATKINSON,     Richard     1784:    6485. 

1785: 6775 
AUBREY,  Sir  John,  6th  Bart.  (succ. 

1786)    1787:7130.    1789:7493 
AUCHMUTY,  Colonel  Arthur^  1792: 

8162 
AUCKLAND,  Lord,  see  eden,  William 
AUDLEY,  George  Thicknesse  Tou- 

chet,    19th   Baron     1789:    7588. 

1790:  7721 
ARNE,    Thomas    Augustine,    Mus. 

Doc.       Addenda:  8240,  8240  A 
ARNOLD,  Benedict  1785:  6815 
AUGUSTA   SOPHIA,    Princess     1786: 

6984.     1787:  7121,  7186.     1788: 

7357,    7358.      1789:    7547,    7549, 

7556.     1791:  7927,  7931.     1792: 

8074,  8081 
AUSTIN,  William  1784:  6604 
AYLETT,  Edward  1786:  7071,  7072 

BACKHOUSE,  James  (Dean  of  Trin. 

Coll.  Cambridge)  1786:  7017 
BADCOCK,  Samuel  1790:  7734 
BAKER,  Elizabeth  1791:  7991 
BALFE  (chairman)  1791 :  7894 
BALFOUR  (Rev.)  1789:  7580 

BALSAMO,  see  CAGLIOSTRO 

BANKS,  Sir  Joseph,  Bart.,  D.C.L. 

1788:7431 
BANNISTER,     John    (the    younger) 

1790:7715 
BANYARD  (of  Windsor)    1790:  7738, 

7739 


/pARBAULD,  Anne  Letitia  {nee  Aikin) 

1790:7685 
BARCLAY,  Captain    1788:  7359  (i) 
BARKER  (wigmaker  and  freemason) 

1786:  7010 
BARNES,  Miss    1785:  6875 
BARR]^,  Lt.-Col.  Isaac    1784:  6419, 

6603.    1787:7155,7163 

BARRINGTON    1790:  7635 

BARRY,  (Hon.)  Augustus  1 790 :  7743. 

1791:7920,  7995,  7997 
BARRY,  (Hon.)  Henry  (8th  Earl  of 

Barrymorei793-i824)  1790:7743. 

1791:7995,7997.    1792:8083 
BARRYMORE,    Richard    Barry,    7th 

Earl  of   1790:7700,7743.    1791: 

7914,  7920,  7957,  7961,  7993,  7994, 

7995,  7996,  7997,  7998.  Addenda: 

8277 
BARRYMORE  (Blewitt),  William  1785: 

6875 

BARTTELOT,  Mrs.  Sophia  {nee  Hor- 
ton)   1790:  7704 

BARWELL,  Richard   1787:  7130^ 

BASSEVi,  Giacomo,  see  cervetto 

BATE  (Rev.)  Henry,  afterwards  Bate- 
Dudley  (cr.  Bart.  1813)  1784: 
6369(6).    1789:7567 

BATES,  Joah    1787:  7163 

BATES,  Mrs.  Sarah  {nie  Harrop) 
1785:  6833 

BATHURST,  Henry  Bathurst,  2nd 
Earl  1787:  7123.  1788:  7310, 
7330.    1790:  7721 

BAYHAM,  John  Jeffreys  Pratt,  Lord 
(2nd  Earl  Camden  1794,  cr.  Mar- 
quis of  Camden  1 8 1 2)  1 788 :  7372. 
1790:  7623 

BEADON,  Dr.  Richard  (Bishop  of 
Gloucester,  1789,  of  Bath  and 
Wells  1802)  1787:  7241.  1788: 
7366 

BEARCROFT,  Edward,  K.C.  1785: 
6852.    1790:  7719 

BEAUCHAMP,  Francis  Seymour  Con- 
way, Viscount    1784:  6643 

BEDFORD,  Francis  Russell,  5th  Duke 
of  1784:  6678.  1788:  733©,  7338, 
7359(3).  1790:7641.  1791:7920, 
7935,  8001.    1792:  8071 

^  East  India  Kalendar,  1791,  p.  14.   Not  Samuel  Auchmuty,  then  brigade-major 
under  Comwallis. 

*  As  one  of  the  'Bengal  Squad'. 

1004 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


BEDFORD,    Gertrude,    Duchess    of 

1791:7980,  7981 
BEGUM,  the,  see  oudh,  Begam  of 
BELGRAVE,  Robert  Grosvenor,  Lord 

(2nd   Earl    Grosvenor   1802,  cr. 

Marquis  of  Westminster    1831) 

1788:  7372,  7410.    1791 :  7871 
BELL,  Hamilton  1792:  8184,  8186 
BELL,  John  (publisher)   1787:  72 11 
BELLAMONT,  Charles  Coote,  Earl  of 

(cr.  1767)  and  5th  Baron  Coloony 

1786:  7007 
BELLENDEN,   John   Bellenden   Ker, 

5th  Baron  Bellenden  of  Brough- 

ton   1786:  7022 
BEN,  Big,  see  brain 
BENIZETT,  Claud    1792:  8162 
BENN,  Mr.    1788:7326 

BERKELEY,  SeC  BARCLAY 

BERNARD,  Mr.  1790:  7746 
BiLLiNGTON,  Elizabeth  {nie  Weich- 
sel)    1785:6853.    1788:7301  (n) 
BINGHAM,    Miss    (?    Hon.    Anne) 

1788:  7330 
BIRCH,    Samuel   (Common    Coun- 
cillor)   1789:  7524,  7525.    1790: 
7680,  7681 
BIRD,  Mr.   Addenda:  8242 
BISHOP,  Miss  1784:  6682 
BLACK,  Dr.  Joseph    1787:  7206 
BLACKBURNE,  John   1790:  7682 
BLAIR,  Dr.  Hugh    1786:  7050 
BLANCHARD,  Jean-Pierre  (aeronaut) 

1784:  6668,  6701,  6702 
BLANDFORD,  Georgc  Spencer 
(Spencer-Churchill  from  1807), 
Marquis  of  (5th  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough 1817-40)  1791:  7980, 
7981,7982.  1792:8163 
BLANSHARD,  (Rev.)  William    1792: 

8162 
BLAQUIERE,  W.  C.    1792:  8162 
BLIGH,  General    1788:  7330 
BLOOD,   Thomas  (d.   1680)    1788: 

7354.    1789:7516 
BLOT,  Comtesse  de   1790:  7649 
BOND,  John  1787:  7150.   1790:  7648 
BOREAS,  see  NORTH,  Frederick,  Lord 
BORGIA,  Cesare   1784:  6669 
BORUWLASKi, 'Count' Joseph   1786: 

7065.    1787:  7220.    1789:  7554 
BOSSEY  (or  Bossy),  Dr.  1792:  8183 
BOSWELL,  Alexander,  Lord  Auchin- 


leck  (a  lord  of  session)  1 786 :  7041 , 

7049 
BOSWELL,  James   1785:6853-    1786: 

7028,  7029,  7030,  7031,  7032,  7033, 

7034,  7035,  7036,  7037,  7038,  7039, 

7040,  7041,  7042,  7043,  7044,  704s, 

7046,  7047,  7048,  7049,  7050,  7051, 

7052.    1188:7417.  Addenda:  S2S1 
BOSWELL,  Mrs.  Margaret  (n^e  Mont- 

gomerie)    1786:  7035,  7036,  7037, 

7038,  7039 
BOSWELL,  Veronica   1786:  7037 
BOUILLON,  Godefroi- Charles-Henri, 

Ducde    1784:  6508 
BOURNE,  Charles    1787:  7194 
BOWEN,  Captain    1791:7984 
BOWEN,   Mrs.    1791:  7984.     1792: 

8163 
BOWES,  Andrew  Robinson  Stoney 

1785:   6821.     1786:   7012,   7013. 

1787:  7192 
BOWLES,  Mrs.    1784:  6676 
BOWYER,   William  (printer)    1790: 

7734 
BOYD,  George    1786:7024 
BOYDELL,  John    1789:  7584.    1790: 

7680,   7681.     1791:   7976,   8013. 

1792:  8105,  8121 
BRADLEY  (of  Shoe  Lane)  1 786 :  7073 
BRADSHAW,  Mr.  1784:  6713 
BRAGG,  Dr.  (Robert)   1787:  3650  (p. 

435).    1788:  7461 
BRAID  WOOD,  Francis    1789:  7581 
BRAIN,  Benjamin  1788:  7269.    1790: 

7646 
BRANDENBURG-ANSPACH,        Charles 

Alexander,   Margrave  of    1788: 

7436.    1789:7569.    1791:7960 
BRERETON,  George    1789:  7572 
BRETEUIL,  Louis-Auguste  le  Tonne- 

lier,  Baron  de   1790:  7663 
BRiSTO w  (of  Rochester)   1 789 :  752 1 
BRODIE,  William  ('Deacon')   1785: 

6848.    1788:7414 
BROGLIE,  Victor  Fran9ois,  Due  de 

1790:  7663 
BROMFIELD,  William  (surgeon)  1 784 : 

6497 
BROWN,  John,  M.D.  1786:  7022 
BROWN,  Sir  William  Augustus,  3rd 

Bart.  1790:  7746 
BROWNE,  Sir  William,  M.D.    1788: 

7463 


1005 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


BRUCE,  James  1791 :  7978 

BRUDENELL,  James  Brudenell  cr. 
Baron  Brudenell  of  Deene  1780, 
succ.  as  5th  Earl  of  Cardigan  1790 
1789:  7490 

BRUNSWICK- WOLFENBUTTEL,  Charles 
William  Ferdinand,  Duke  of 
1786:  6917.  1787:  7177,  7178, 
7179.  1792:  8124,  8125,  8126, 
8134,  8143 

BRUNSWICK-WOLFENBUTTEL,     PrinCC 

Ferdinand  of  1785:  6802,  6802  a. 
1786:  6917 

BRUNTON,  Anne  (afterwards  Mrs. 
merry)    1786:  7054 

BRUTUS,  Marcus  Junius  1792:  81 31 

BUCHAN,  David  Steuart  Erskine, 
nth  Earl  of  1784:6693 

BUCKINGHAM,  George  Nugent- 
Temple-Grenville,  Marquis  of 
(2nd  Earl  Temple  till  1 784)  1 784 : 
6361,  6386,  6387,  6400,  6404,  6417, 
6418,  6436,  6438,  6464  (4),  6485, 
6486,  6515, 6538, 6582, 6644.  1788: 
7330.    1789:7479,7491,7515 

BUCKINGHAM,  Marchioness  of 
1789: 7491 

BUCKLEY,  Captain   1785:  6826,  6832 

BUCKMASTER     1789:  7552 

BUFFON,  Comtesse  de   1790:  7649 

BULLER,  Francis  (cr.  Bart.  1790) 
1785:6852.    1787:7123 

BULLOCK,  T.  1792:  8071 

BUNBURY,  Henry  William*  1788: 
7328.    1789:7537- 

BUNBURY,  Sir  Thomas  Charles,  6th 
Bart.  1792:  8071 

BURGOYNE,  John,  General  1784: 
66752  1786:  7009.  1790:  7623, 
7691.   1791:7871 

BURKE,  Edmund  1784:  6361,  6364, 
6367,  6372,  6374,  6375,  6383,  6384, 
6389,  6393,  6393  A,  6393  B,  6393  c, 
6398,  6404,  6405,  6409,  641 1,  6412, 
6415,  6419,  6422,  6424,  6428,  6432, 
6436,  6439,  6441,  6443,  6445,  6450, 
6454,  6455,  6457,  6459,  6461,  6467, 
6470,  6472,  6477,  6480,  6481,  6482, 
6484,  6486,  6507,  6512,  6518,  6534, 
6540, 6555, 6558, 6563, 6616,  p.  150, 
6627,  6629,  6632,  6636,  6657,  6659, 
^  See  Index  of  Artists. 


6661, 6663,  6671.  1785: 6770,  6775, 
6776,  6785,  6788,  6790,  6791,  6792, 
6795,  6808.  1786:  6915,  6925, 
6926,  6931,  6932,  6937,  6939, 6943, 
6948,  6953,  6955,  6980,  6990,  6991, 
6992,  6994.  1787:  7122,  7127, 
7128,  7130,  7131,  7132,  7135,  7136, 
7137,  7138,  7139,  7150,  7151,  7154, 
7158,  7160,  7165,  7167,  7168,  7170, 
7182.  1788:7268,^7269,7270,7272, 
7273,  7276,  7277,  7279,  7285,  7289, 
7295,  7297,  7299,  7300,  7301  (9), 
7302, 7307,  7308,  7309,  7310,  7313, 
7316,  7320,  7321,  7323,  7326,  7330, 
P-  499'  7331, 7342, 7344, 7347, 735i, 
7352,  7353,  7354,  7354  A,  7356, 
7362,  7368,  7375,  7375  A,  7379, 
7381,  7397,  7439,  7439  A.  1789: 
7477,  7487,  7492,  7495,  7497,  7499, 
7508,  7509,  7514,  7517,  7526,  7527, 
7529.  1790:7623,7624,7627,7631, 
7633,  7635,  7675,  7678,  7679,  7682, 
7685, 7686,  7688, 7689, 7690.  1791 : 
7821,  7824,  7833,  7837,  7854,  7855, 
7856,  7858,  7859,  7861,  7862,  7863, 
7864,  7865,  7866,  7867,  7868,  7870, 
7871,  7872,  7888,  7890,  7900,  7913, 
7920,  7935.  1792:  8076,  8099, 
8110,  8115,  8147,  8148 

BURKE,  Mrs.  Jane  {nee  Nugent) 
1790:  7679 

BURNS  (Rev.)   1789:7580 

BUTE,  John  Stuart,  3rd  Earl  of  1784: 
6370,  6385,  6474,  6485,  6556,  6587, 
6616.  1785:  6801,  6806.  1790: 
7623,  7721 

BYNG,  George  1784:6550.  Addenda: 

8245 

CADE,  Jack  1789:  7492.   1791 :  7890. 

1792:  8131  A 
CAGLIOSTRO,  Alcssandro,  *Comte  de* 

1786:  7010 
CALDICOTT,  Abraham    1792:  8162 
CALL,  John  (cr.  Bart.  1791)  1787: 

71303 
CALONNE,     Charles-Alexandre     de 

1788:7376.  1790:7663 
CALVIN,  John  1787  :  7150 
CAMDEN,  Sir  Charles  Pratt,  ist  Baron 

(1765,  cr.  Earl  1786)    1785:  6810. 
^  Date  uncertain. 


3  As  one  of  the  'Bengal  Squad' 
IC06 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


1787:  7123.    1789:  7482,  7482  A, 
7500,    7505*    7527.     1790:    7640, 
7721.    1791:7871 
CAMELFORD,  Thomas  Pitt,  I  St  Baron 

(cr.  1784)    1785:  6853 
CAMPBELL,  Col.    1790:  7746 
CAMPBELL,       Alexander       (music- 
master,  &c.)    1786:  7023 
CAMPBELL,  (Rev.)  Colin   1789:  7580 
CAMPBELL,  Lord  Frederick    1784: 

6431 

CAMPBELL,  John  (prcccntor)  1785: 
6842.    1786:  7023.    1788:  7416 

CANNING,  Elizabeth  1784:  6652. 
1791:7981,7982 

CARLETON,  Sir  Guy,  K.B.  (cr.  Baron 
Dorchester,  Aug.  1786)  1786: 
6965.    1788:  7318 

CARLISLE,  Frederick  Howard,  5th 
Earl  of  1784:  6372,  6424,  6450, 
6485,  6518.  1785:  6795.  1786: 
6939.  1788:  7310,  7323,  7330, 
7342.    1790:7623. 

CARLYLE,  (Rev.)  Alexander  1789: 
7579,  7580 

CARMARTHEN,  Francis  Osborne, 
Marquis  of  (5th  Duke  of  Leeds 
1789-99)  1784:6419.  1785:6797, 
6810,  6820.  1787:  7149.  1788: 
7303,7308.  1789: 7482, 7482  A,  7505, 
7506,  7507-    1790:  7640. 

CARTWRIGHT,  John  1784:  6474,  6575 

CASSON,  Nicholas  (a  constable)  1784: 
6512,  6593,  6600 

CATHERINE  II  of  Russia  1785:  6917. 
1787:  7180,  7181.  1791:  7827, 
7843,  7843  A*,  7844,  7845,  7846, 
7849,  7851,  7852,  7857,  7880,  7881, 
7897,  7901,  7902.  1792:  8067, 
8072,  p.  905,  8124,  8143 

CATILINE  (Lucius  Scrgius  Catilina) 
1784:6426,6784.  1789:7492.  1792: 
8067,  8072,  813 1 

CATLEY,  Anne  (Mrs.  Lascelles) 
Addenda:  8258 

CAVENDISH,  Lord  John  1784:  6367, 
6372,  6385,  6412,  6419,  6424,  6443, 
6450,  6485,^  6518,  6593,  6627,  6668. 
1786:  6974. 

CAVENDISH,  Lord  George  1787:7137 

CAVENDISH,        Lady        Georgiana 


Dorothy  (b.  12  July  1783)  1784: 

6490,  6546,  6625 
CECIL,   Mrs.   Emma  {nee  Vernon) 

1790:  7705 
CERVETTO,    James    (Bassevi),    Ad- 
denda: 8268 
CHA^T  (or  cheyt)  SINGH,  Rajah  of 

Benares  1786:6925,6979.    1788: 

7302,  7315 
CHALMERS,  Dr.  John  1786:  7027 
CHALMERS,  Dr.  William  (Professor) 

1786:  7027 
CHAMBERS,  Sir  William   1791 :  8016 
CHARLEMONT,  Jamcs  Caulfcild,  4th 

Viscount   and    ist   Earl   of  (cr. 

1763)    1785:  682s,  6997.    1789: 

7511,  7512,  7513,  7515,  7518,  7519 
CHARLES  I  of  England    1784:  6408, 

6427, 6437, 6441 ,  6671 ,  6964.  1 789 : 

7499.     1790:    7628,    7630,   7686. 

1792:  8131 
CHARLES  II  of  England   1788:  7388. 

1789:7475 

CHARLES  III  of  Spain  1786:  6917. 
1787:  7180 

CHARLES  IV  of  Spain  1789:  7485, 
7486.  1790:  7645,  7646.  1791: 
7827,  7841,  7843,  7843  A*.  1792: 
8143 

CHARLES  EDWARD,  Princc  (the  Young 
Pretender)  1784:  6635.  1790: 
7721 

CHARLOTTE,  Quccn  1 784 :  6459, 6556. 
1786: 6918, 6931, 6934, 6945, 6946, 
6947,  6950,  6968,  6978, 6981,  6984, 
6991,  6995,  7063.  1787:  7121, 
7153,  7156,  7163,  7166,  7169,  7182, 
7186.  1788:  7288,  7301  (2),  7312, 
7314,  7320,  7322,  7324,  7355,  7357, 

7358,  7359  (14),  7374,  7383,  7384. 
1789:  7486,  7486  A,  7487,  7488, 
7498,  7500,  7510,  7525,  7544,  7549, 
7554,  7556.  1790:  7626,  7669, 
7682.  1791:  7826,  7836,  7849,  p. 
796,  7881,  7892,  7897,  7903,  7905, 
7906,  7915,  7917,  7922,  7924,  7927, 
7931, 7935,  7937,  8006,  8008,  8010. 
1792: 8060,  8064, 8074, 8078,  8080, 
8081,  8084,  8089,  8091,  8092,  8093, 
8094,  8095,  8097,  810S,  81 15,  8ii6, 
8117,  8129,  8153.   Addenda:  8267 


*  And/or  other  members  of  the  family:  Lord  George  Cavendish,  M.P.  Derby- 
shire; Lord  George  Augustus  Henry  Cavendish,  M.P.  Derby. 

1007 


INDEX    OF   PERSONS 


CHARLOTTE  AUGUSTA  MATILDA,  Prin- 

cess  Royal  (m.  Frederick  William 
Charles,  Prince  of  Wiirtemburg, 
1797)  1786:  6947,  6981,  6984. 
1787:  7121,  7153,  7186.  1788: 
7357,  7358.  1789:  7544,  7547, 
7549,  7556.  1791:  7897,  7927, 
7931,  7935.  1792:  8074,  8081, 
8089 
CHARLTON,    Mr.    and   Mrs.    1790: 

7746 
CHARTRES,  Duc  dc,  sce  Orleans 
CHATHAM,  John  Pitt,  2nd  Earl  of 
1789:  7482,  7482  A,  7494,  7500, 
7505,   7506,   7507.     1790:   7623, 
7669 
CHATHAM,  William  Pitt,  ist  Earl  of 
1784:  6374,  6402,  6412,  6417,  6433, 
6442,   6449,    6467,    6624.     1785: 
6800,  6808.     1787:  7178.     1789: 
7496,7545.    1790:7681 
CHATTERTON,  Thomas    1790:  7721 
CHAUVELIN,  Francois-Bernard,  Mar- 
quis de   1792: 8088 
CHAYTOR,  William    1784:  6431 
CHESTERFIELD,  Philip  Dormer  Stan- 
hope, 4th  Earl  of    1786:  6958. 

1789:7554 
CHEYNE,  George,  M.D.    1792:  81 17 
ch'ien  lung   1792:  8121,  8143 
CHIFNEY,  Samuel   1791 :  7918,  7919. 

1792:  8071 
CHILD,    Mrs.    Sarah   (nde   Jodrell, 

Lady   Ducie  from  1791)     1791: 

7827,  7979 
CHRISTIAN  VII  of  Denmark    1786: 

6917.    1791:7827 
CHRISTIE,  James   1786:7014.    1787: 

7150 
CHURCHILL,  John  (of  Westminster) 

1784:  p.  113,  6557,  6578.    1788: 

7371 
CICERO,  Marcus  Tullius  1784:  6784 

1786:  6925.    1787:  7138.    1791: 

7902.    1792:  8067 
CLARENCE,   Duke  of,  see  william 

HENRY,  Prince 
CLARKE,    Mr.,    J.P.    (of    Whitby) 

1791:7948 
CLARKE,   Clementina     1791:  7990, 

7991,  7992 
CLIVE,  Robert,  Baron   1787:7151 


CLIVE,  Henrietta  Antonia  (Herbert), 

Baroness  Clive   1788:  7330 
COCKBURN,    Sir   James,   6th    Bart. 

1784:  6431 
COLLINS,     Charles     (of    Swansea) 

1787:  7222 
COLLINS,  King    1791:  8162 
COLLIS,  Samuel  (and  wife)  1 788: 7434 
COLMAN,  George    1787:  7214 
colman,     George    (the    younger) 

1787:7214 
combe,  Harvey  (Alderman)    1790: 

7703 
concannon,  Mrs.    1792:  8167 
COOKE,  Mr.    1789:  7575 
CONNOLLY,    Thomas     1789:   751 1, 

7513,  7515,  7518,  7519 
CONWAY,  Henry  Seymour,  General 

1784:  6485 
COOPER,    Sir    Grey     1787:    7154. 

1789:  7508 
COOPER,  James    1792:  8185 
CORBETT,  Thomas  (High  Bailiff  of 

Westminster)    1784:  6600,  6626, 

6635.    1785:6783 
CORBYN,  Mrs.  Mary    1786:  7003. 

1789:7568 
CORNARO,  Luigi   1792:  81 12 
CORNEWALL,  Sir  George,  2nd  Bart. 

1784:  6686 
CORNWALL,        Charles        Wolfran 

(Speaker,    1780-9)     1784:  6373, 

6464  (3),  6469,  6476,  6477,  6598, 

6639.     1785:  6784.     1786:  6919, 

6921,    6951,    6952.     1787:   7128, 

7130,   7131,   7139-     1788:   7268,* 

7269,  7317,  7330,  7381 
CORNWALLIS,    Charles    Cornwallis, 

2nd    Earl    (cr.    Marquis,    1792) 

1787:  7214.    1788:  7330.    1791: 

7904,    7929,   7932,    7939-     1792: 

8090,  8162 
COSWAY,  Maria  Cecilia  Louisa  {nee 

Hadfield)    1786:  6964,  7019 
COSWAY,  Richard,  R. A.   1 786 :  701 9, 

7020 
COTTER,  Patrick  ('O'Brien')    1785: 

6856 
COURTENAY,  John   1786: 6939,  7052. 

1788:  7268,^  7417.    1790:  7623 
COURTOWN,   James   Stopford,   2nd 

Earl  of   1791:7836 


*  Date  uncertain. 
1008 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


COURTOWN,  Mary  (Powys),  Countess 

of   1789:749© 
COVENTRY,    George    William,    6th 

Earl  of   1789:  7S88.    1790:  7721 
cox,  Lawrence    1784:  6431 
CRAVEN,       Elizabeth       (Berkeley), 

Countess  of  (Margravine  of  Ans- 

pach    I 791-1828)      1788:    7436. 

1789:7569.    1791:7960 
CRAWFORD,  Captain    1784:  6691 
CRAVi^FORD,  Miss   1784:  6690,  6691 
CR^QUY-CANAPLE,       Countess      of 

1787:  7194 
CREWE,  Mrs.  Frances  Anne  (Lady 

Crewe    1806-18)      1784:    6493, 

6521,  6532,  6564 
CROFTS,  Captain    1787:  7200 
CROMVV^LL,    Oliver      1784:    6380, 

6408,  6410,  6422,  6424,  6426,  6457, 

6465, 6481, 6507, 6582, 6671 .  1789 : 

7492.     1790:    7628,    7630,    7632, 

7685,  7691.    1792:  8107 
CROUCH,  Mrs.  Anna  Maria    1791 

7946.    1792:  8073 
CULLEN,     William,     M.D.      1784 

6697    1786:  7022 
CURTIS,  Timothy  1790:7676.  1792 

8059 
CURTIS,    William    (Alderman,    cr 

Bart.    1802)     1789:  7524,   7525 

1790:    7676,    7680,    7681,    7682 

1791:7821.    1792:8059,8076 


DALLAS,  Robert  (Kt.  181 3,  C.J.  of 
Common  Pleas  1818-23)  1788: 
7269,  7270,  7277,  7321,  7331 

DALY,  Richard  (actor)    1787:  7190 

DALZELL  (or  Dalzel)  Professor 
Andrew    1789:  7580 

DAMER,  Mrs.  Anne  Seymour  {nSe 
Conway)      1787:    7215.      1789: 

7585 
DAMIENS,    Robert-Francois     1784: 

6426 
DAVID   (Davide),    Giacomo     1791: 

8010 
DAVIDSON,  John  (W.S.)  1787:  7205 
DAVIS,  Anna    1791:  8002 
DAWES,  John    1 784 :  643 1 
DAWKINS,  Mrs.    1788:  7377 
DAWS,  S.,  see  John  Dawes 
DEANE,  Silas    1790:  7635 

^  See  Index 


DEBBIEGE  Or  DEBBIEG,  Hugh,  Coloncl 

(General,  1803)    1786:  6920 
DELAMOTTE    1790:7663 
DE  LA  MOTTE,  Mme    1790:  7663 
DE  LA  TOUCHE,  Comte    1790:  7649, 

7667 
DE    LAUNAY,    Jean-Baptistc    1789: 

7561 
DELAVAL,  Sir  John  Hussey,  Bart, 
(cr.  Baron  Delaval  of  Redford, 
Ireland,  1783;  cr.  Baron  Delaval 
of  Seaton  Delaval,  Northumber- 
land, 1786)    1784:6613 

DE         LOUTHERBOURG,  Philippe- 

Jacques^      1789:     7545.      1790: 

7748 
DELPiNi,  Carlo  Antonio    1785:  6873 
DE  MAiNAUDUC  (or  Dcmainauduc), 

J.  B.  (charlatan)    1790:  7748 

DEMOSTHENES     1792:  8067 

d'j^on  DE  BEAUMONT,  Chevalicr 
1789:  7557 

DERBY,  Edward  Stanley,  12th  Earl 
of  1784:  6372,  6422,  6443,  6450, 
6481,  6485,  6580,  6627,  6668,  6671, 
6714.  1785:  6792,  6795,  6802. 
1786:  6939,  6943,  6970.  1787: 
7215.  1788:  7301  (7),  7306,  7310, 
7313,  7321,  7323,  7330,  7352. 
1789:  7477,  7493,  75o8.  1790: 
7623,7735,7736.    1791:7837 

DERING,  Sir  Edward,  6th  Bart. 
1784:  6431 

DESENFANS,  Nocl    1791:  783 1 

DE  VASSAL  ( }  de  Vasse),  Mme  1 790 : 
7663 

DE  VOGLAS   1790:  7667 

DEVONSHIRE,  Georgiaua  (Spencer), 
Duchess  of  1784:  6384,  6484, 
6487,  6490,  6493, 6494,  p.  80, 6512, 
6513,  6520,  6521,  6522,  6524,  6526, 
6527,  6529,  6530,  6532,  6533,  6536, 
6539,  6540,  6541,  6542,  6544, 6546, 
6548,  6549,  6550,  6551,  p.  112(2), 
6555,  6557,  6558,  6559,  6560,  6563, 
6564, 6565, 6566, 6570,  p.  123, 6573, 
6575,  6577,  6583,  6588,  6589,  6591, 
6593,  6594,  6595,  6596,  6597,  6599, 
6600,  6601,  6611,  6612,  6616,  6619, 
6621,  6622,  6623,  6624,  6625,  6626, 
6629,  6633,  6645,  6651,  6656,  6658, 
6668,    6720.      1785:    6795,    6831, 

of  Artists. 


1009 


3T 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


6853,    6870.      1786:    6930,    6931, 
6956,   6961,   6968,   6983.     1787: 
p.  416,  7182.    1788:  7356,  p.  515, 
7359  (8),  7360,  7368,  7383.    1789: 
7586.    1790:7638 
DEVONSHIRE,    William    Cavendish, 
5th  Duke  of    1784:  6529,  6546, 
6560,  6589,  661 1,  6625,  6658,  6668. 
1786:   6974.     1788:  7342,   7360. 
1790:  7638,  7641 
DE  WITT,  Jan   1786:  6964 
DHU,  John,  see  DOW 
DIBDIN,  Charles   1788:7420.   1791: 

7953»  8025 
DICK,  Quintin   1786:  7006 
DIDELOT,  Charles-Louis   1791 :  8008 
DILLON,  General  Theobald    1792: 

8085 
DODD,  James  William    1785:  6875 
DODSLEY,  James    1790:  7678 
DODViTLL,  Mrs.    1789:  7567 
DOLBEN,  Sir  William,  Bart.    1784: 

6431 
DOMiNiCETTi  (quack  doctor)    1787: 

7514 
DORCHESTER,  Lord,  see  carleton 
DORNFORD,  Josiah  1788:7388,7393. 

Addenda:  8266 
DORSET,  John  Frederick  Sackville, 

3rd  Duke  of    1784:  6370,  6397, 

6714 
DOUGLAS,  John,  Bishop  of  Carlisle 

1790:  7633 
DOW,  John   1784:  6689,  6696 
DRAKE,  William   1789:  7506.   1790: 

7682 
DUBERLY,  Mrs.    1 79 1 :  795 1 
DUCIE,  Lady,  see  child 
DUCIE,    Francis   Reynolds-Morton, 

3rd  Baron  Ducie  of  Tortworth 

1791:7979 
DUFF,  Jamie  1784:6689.  1786:7023, 

7024 
DUMOURIEZ,  Charles-Frangois, 

General    1792:  8136 
DUNBAR,  Miss    1785:  6846 
DUNCAN,  John  (beggar)    1784:  6692 
DUNCAN,     Lady     Mary    (Tufton), 

widow  of  Sir  W.  Duncan,  Bart. 

1791:  8012 
DUNCANNON,     Henrietta     Frances 

(Spencer),  Viscountess  (Countess 

ofBessboroughi793-i82i)  1784: 


6493,  p.  80,  6521,  6524,  6563,  6564, 
6573,6633.    1785:6853 
DUNDAS,  Henry  (cr.  Viscount  Mel- 
ville 1802)  1784: 6387, 6390, 6469, 
6603.     1785:   6806,   6808,   6810. 
1786:    6916,    6936,    6940,    6962. 
1787:  7125,  7128,  7130,  7131,  7135, 
7139,  7149,  7152*  7163,  7165,  7167, 
7168,    7183.     1788:    7280,    7281, 
7284,  7303,  7305,  7310,  7320,  7324, 
7330,    7384,    7393.     1789:   7474, 
7477,   7479,   7482,   7482   A,   7495, 
7506,    7554.     1790:   7623,    7640, 
7682,7684.   1791:7854,7871,7904, 
7937.     1792:   8059,   8060,   8069, 
8090,  8093, 8094, 8097, 8103, 8105, 
8118,8147 
DUNSTAN,  Jeffery    1784:  6422,  6423, 
6463,  6464  (6),  6465,  6550.    1790: 
7721.   1791:7920.  Addenda:  S266 
DUPPER,  Mr.    1789:  7599 
DUTTON,  James.    1 784 :  643 1 
DYKE-ACLAND,    Sir    Thomas,    5th 
Bart.  (succ.  1785)   1786:7008 

EDEN,  William  (cr.  Baron  Auckland 
1789)  1784:  6684.  1785:  6792, 
6795,  6815.  1787:  7130,  7135, 
7149,  7150,  7183.  1789:  7506. 
1790:  7623 

EDGCUMBE,  (Hon.)  Richard    1787: 

7215 
EDMONDS,  Mary    1787:  7164 
EDWARDS,  Mrs.  (actress)   1786: 7057 
EDWIN,  John  (the  elder)  1 790 :  771 1 , 

7713 
EGLINTON,  Archibald  Montgomerie, 

nth  Earl  of   1788:7403 
EGLINTON,  Frances,   nee  Twisden, 

Countess  of  (divorced  1788,  m. 

Francis  Moore  1794)    1788:7403 
EISTON    1786:  7026 
ELIOT,  (Hon.)  Edward  James   1784: 

6664.    1787:  7130 
ELIOTT,  General  George  Augustus, 

see  heathfield 
ELIZABETH,  Queen  1790:7669.  1791: 

7871 
ELIZABETH,      Princess      (w.     1818 

Frederick  Joseph  Louis,  Prince 

of  Hesse-Hamburg)    1786:  6981, 

6984.    1787:  7121,    7186.     1789: 

7547,  7549.  1792:  8074,  8081,  8089 


lOIO 


INDEX   OF    PERSONS 


ELLIOT,  Hugh   1790:  7671 

ELLIOT,  Sir  Gilbert,  4th  Bart, 
(cr.  Baron  Minto  1798,  Earl  of 
Minto  1813)  1788:  7285,  7316 

ELPHINSTONE,  Captain  Dalrymple 
Horn    1787:  7203,  7204 

ELPHINSTONE,  (Hon.)  William  1787: 

7152 
ELWES,  John    1792:  81 17 
ERNEST  AUGUSTUS,  Prince  (cr.  Duke 

of    Cumberland     1799)      1790: 

7699,  7702 
ERSKINE,  (Hon.)  Henry    1 788 :  741 6. 

1789:  7580 
ERSKINE,  Sir  James  (St.  Clair  Er- 

skine  from  1789),  6th  Bart.  (succ. 

as  2nd  Earl  of  Rosslyn  and  Baron 

Loughborough,  1 805)  1 787 :  715 1 . 

1788:  7268,=^  7300 
ERSKINE,  John,  D.D.    1789:  7580 
ERSKINE,  Thomas  (cr.  Baron  Erskine 

of  Restormel,  1806)    1784:  6364, 

6369  (8),  6660.    1785:6852.   1786: 

6990,  6992.    1788:  p.  515.    1791: 

7956.    1792:8152 
ESFRi^MENiL,  J.  J.  Duval  d*    1790: 

7665 
ESSEX,  Harriet,  nee  Bladen,  Countess 

of   1791:  8001 
ESSEX,  William  Holies  Capell,  4th 

Earl  of   1791:  8001 
ESTE,  (Rev.)  Charles    1790:  7697, 

7779 
ETHERINGTON,  Mr.    1790:  7746 
EWER,  William    1784:  6431 

FAIRHOLME,      George      (collector) 

1785:6845 
FARREN,  Mrs.    1784:  6714 
FARREN,    Elizabeth    (Countess    of 

Derby  i 797-1 829)     1784:  6668, 

6714.    1785:6840.    1788:7301(7). 

1790:  7735,  7736 
FARREN,  William  (actor)   1786:  7054 
FAWKENER,    Mrs.,   see   Lady  John 

TOWNSHEND 

FAWKENER,  ( }  2nd)  Mrs.   1 790 :  7746 
FAWKENER,    William     1786:   7005. 
1790:  7746 


FIELDING,  Fanny   1784:  6683 
FIELDING,  WilHam  (barrister)   1 785 : 

6813,  6852 
FINCH,  Polly    1790:  7633,  7698 
FITZGERALD,    Lord    Henry     1790: 

7664 
FITZGIBBON,  John  (cr.  Baron  Fitz- 
gibbon  1789,  Viscount  1793,  Earl 
of  Clare  1795)    1785:  6809 
FITZHERBERT,  Mrs.  Maria  Anne,  nee 
Smythe    1786:  6924,  6927,  6928, 
6929,  6930,  6931,  6932,  6933,  6935, 
6937,  6938,  6941,  6942,  p.   299, 
6949,  6950,  6953,  6954,  6956,  6958, 
6961,  6963,  6967,  6968,  6970,  6971, 
6974,  6975,  6980,  6982,  6985, 6986, 
6988,   6989,   7101,   7108.     1787: 
7143,7158,7165,  7182.  1788:  7301 
(3),  7306,  7330,  7365,  7377.    1789: 
7477,  7498,  7501,  7514,  7526,  7565. 
1790:7633,7635,7636,7673.  1791: 
7829,  7873,  7926,  7975.  1792:  8073, 
8077,  81 13.  Addenda:  Szszy  8253, 
8283 
FITZPATRICK,      Richard,      General 
1784:  6468,  p.  150,  6627.    1785: 
6831.    1787:7139 
FITZWILLIAM,  William  Wentworth, 
2nd  Earl  Fitzwilliam  1784:648$. 
1789: 7496,  7551 
FLINT,  Mr.2   1788:  7328 
FLUDYER,  George    1784:  6431 
FLOOD,   Henry     1784:  6605,  6606, 
6607.     1785:  6809,  6812.     1787: 

7139 
FOLEY,      Lady     Ann     (Coventry) 

1785:6823 
FOLEY,  Thomas,  4th  Baron  Foley 

of  Kidderminster   1785:  p.  246 
FOOTE,  Samuel    1790:  7721 
FORBES,  Sir  William,  of  Pitsligo,  6th 

Bart.    1786 :  7037 
FORD,  Dr.   1787:  7214 
FORD,  Richard,  J.P.     1788:    7367. 

1791:  7835,7907,7908,7911 
FORES,  S.W.3  1786:6961 
FOSTER,  Bob  (barber)    1785:  6834, 

6835 
FOX,  Mr.  (of  Brighton)   1790:  7743 

*  Date  uncertain. 

*  Perhaps  the  Mr.  Flint  of  the  F.O.,  sent  by  Grenville  as  confidential  assistant 
to  Wickham,  British  Minister  in  Switzerland  in  1795.    Dropmore  Papers,  iii.  71. 

3  See  Index  of  Printsellers. 


ion 


INDEX  OF  PERSONS 


FOX,  (Hon.)  Charles  James  1784: 
6361,  6362,  6363,  6364,  6365,  6366, 
6367,  6368,  6369,  6370,  6371,  6372, 
6374,  6375,  6376,  6377,  6378,  6379, 
6380,  6382,  6383,  6384,  6386,  6387, 
6388,  6389,  6391,  6392,  6393, 
6393  A,  6393  B,  6393  c,  6394,  639s, 
6398,  6399,  6400,  6401,  6402,  6403, 
6404,  6405,  6406,  6407,  6408,  6409, 
6410,  641 1,  6412,  6413,  6414,  6415, 
6416,  6418,  6419,  6420,  6421,  6422, 
6423,  6424,  6425,  6426,  6428,  6429, 
6430,  6432,  6434,  6436,  6437,  6438, 
6439,  6440,  6441,  6443,  6444,  6445, 
6446,  6447,  6448,  6449, 6450,  6451, 
6452,  6453,  6454,  645s,  6456,  6457, 
6458,  6459,  6460,  6461,  6462,  6463, 
6464,  6465, 6466,  6467,  6468,  6469, 
6470,  6473,  6474,  6476,  6477,  6478, 
6479,  6480,  6481,  6482,  p.  74,  6483, 
6484,  6485,  6486,  6487,  6488,  6489, 
6493,  6494,  p.  80,  6495,  6496, 
6497,  6498,  6499,  6500,  6501,  6503, 
6506,  6507,  6508,  6510,  651 1,  6512, 
6513,  6514,  6516,  6517,  6518,  6519, 
6520,  6521,  6522,  6523,  6524,  6525, 
6526,  6527,  6528,  6529,  6530,  6532, 
6533,  6534,  6535,  6536,  6537,  6538, 
6539,  6540,  6541,  6542,  6543,  6545, 
6546,  6547,  6548,  6549,  6550,  6551, 
6552,  6553,  6554,  p.  112,  p.  113, 
6555,  6556,  6557,  6558,  6559,  6560, 
6562,  6563,  6564,  6565,  6566,  6567, 
6570,  6572,  p.  123,  6573,  6575, 
6576,  6577,  6580,  6581,  6582,  6583, 
6585,  6586,  6588,  6589, 6590,  6591, 
6592,  6593,  6594,  6595,  6596,  6598, 
6600,  p.  140,  6601,  6602,  6604, 
6611,  6614,  6615,  6616,  6617,  6618, 
6619, 6620,  p.  150, 6621, 6622, 6623, 
p.  152, 6624, 6625, 6626, 6627, 6628, 
6629,  6632,  6634,  6635,  6636,  6644, 
6645,  6646,  6647,  6648,  6649,  6651, 
6652,  6656,  6657,  6658,  6659,  6660, 
6661,  6663,  6665,  6668,  6671,  6673, 
6674.  1785: 6770, 6771,  6772,  6773, 
6774,  6775,  6776,  6778,  6779,  6781, 
6782,  6783,  6784,  6785,  6786,  6789, 
6790,  6791,  6792,  6793,  6795,  6799, 
6802,  6804,  6805,  6807,  6810,  6812, 
6818,6831,6882.  1786:6915,6916, 


6926,  6929,  6931,  6932,  6939,  6940, 
6941,  6943,  6948,  6950,  6953,  6955, 
6959,  6961,  6967,  6970,  6971,  6972, 
6974,  6976,  6980,  6983,  6988, 6989, 
6990,  6991,  6992,  6994.  1787: 
7122,  7124,  7127,  7128,  7130,  7131, 
7132,  7135,  7136,  7i37>  7138,  7139, 
7140,  7141,  7142,  7152,  7154,  7158, 
7160, 7162, 7163, 7165,  p.  416, 7167, 
7168,  7170,  7182.  1788:  7268,* 
7269,  7270, 7271,  7273,  7276,  7277, 
7279,  7280,  7281,  7283,  7285,  p. 
469,  7289,  7295,  7297,  7298,  7299, 
7301  (5),  7306,  7308,  7309,  7310, 
p. 483, 7316, 7317,  7320, 7321, 7323, 
7330,  p.  499,  7331,  7332/  7339, 
7340,  7342,  7343,  7344,  7345,  7347, 
7350,7351,  7352,  7353,  7354,  735^, 
7359  (10),  7360,  7362,  7366,  7368, 
7370,  7372, 7375, 7375  A,  7377, 7379, 
7380,  7381,  7382,  7383,  7385,  7387, 
7390,  7391,  7395,  7396,  7397,  7398, 
7439,  7439  A.  1789:  7476,  7477, 
7483,  7487,  7489,  7492,  7494,  7495, 
7496,  7497,  7508,  7509,  7513,  7514, 
7517,7526,7543.  1790:7623,7624, 
7628,  7629,  7630,  7631,  7633,  7635, 
7636,  7638,  7641,  7642,  7644,  7648, 
7649,  7652,  7654,  7655,  7658,  7662, 
7664,  7673 ,  7682,  769 1 .  1791: 7821 , 
7828,  7837,  7848,  7850,  7854,  7855, 
7856,  7858,  7860,  7861,  7862,  7863, 
7866,  7868,  7869,^  7870,  7871,  7872, 
7873,  7874,  7889,  7890,  7892,  7894, 
7901,7902,7920,7935.  1792:8065, 
8067,  8069,  8072,  8073,  8075,  8076, 
8082,  8099,  8110,  8115,  8132,  8137, 
8138,  8139,  8140,  8142,  8144,  8147, 
8148,  8160,  8167,  8205.  Addenda: 
8244,  8283 
FRANCIS  II,  Emperor  1792:  p.  905, 

8143 

FRANCIS,  Philip  (K.C.B.)  1786: 

6948.  1787:  7130,  7139,  7151. 

1788:  7268,^  7276,  7277,  7309, 

7323,  7330.  1790:  7623.  1791: 
7848 

FRANgOIS    DE    NEUFCHATEAU      1792: 
8108 

ERASER,  Mrs.    1789:  7570 

ERASER,  Hon.  Archibald   1784:  6431 


Date  uncertain. 
IOI2 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


FREDERICA,  Duchcss  of  York  1791: 

7903, 7905, 7914, 7916, 7917, 7920, 
7921, 7924, 7926, 7927, 7930, 7931, 

7933,  7935,  7938.  1792:  8055, 
8056,  8057,  8058,  8062,  81 13 

FREDERICK  AUGUSTUS,  Duke  of  York 
from  1784  1787:  7121,  7184. 
1788:  7263,  7301  (5),  7330,  7359 
(9),  7373,  7404.  1789:  7496,  753°, 
7531,  7532,  7533,  7534,  7535,  7542, 
7562.  1790:  7623,  7741,  7743- 
1791 :  7832, 7850, 7903, 7905, 7914, 
7916,  7917,  7920,  7924, 7926,  7927, 
7931,  7935,  7938.  1792:  8057, 
8058,  8062,  8073,  8077,  8083,  8095, 
8104 

FREDERICK  II  of  Prussia    1786:  6917 

FREDERICK    WILLIAM    II    of    PruSsia 

1787:    7134,   7171.     1791:   7827, 

7842,  7843  A*,  7845,  7847,  7849, 

7852,  7857,  7903.  1792:  8126,  8143 
FRITH,  John    1790:  7624,  7626 
FROST,  John    1788:  7371 
FULLARTON,  Col.  John    1792:  8162 
FURTADO,  Charles  (Abraham)  1784: 

6718.    1788:  7413,  7439,  7439  A 
FUSELi,    Henry   (Johann    Heinrich 

FuessH)  (works  of)  1784:  6543. 

1789:   7584.     1791:   7937,   7972. 

1792: 8105 
FYDELL,   John     1790:   7692,   7693, 

7693  A 

GAINSBOROUGH,  Thomas  1789: 7588 

1790:  7721 
GALLiNi,  Giovanni  Andrea  Battista, 

called  Sir  John    1791:  7942 
GALLOWAY,  John  Stewart,  7th  Earl 

of   1784:6485.    1785:  6810 
GALWAY,        Robert        Monckton- 

Arundell,    8th   Viscount     1787: 

7130 
GAMON,   Mrs.   Grace,   nee  Jeffreys 

(half-sister  of  the  Duke  of  Graf- 
ton)   1791:7921 
GAMON,    Richard   (cr.    Bart.   1795) 

1791:7823 

GARCIA,  see  BOSSEY 

GARRICK,  David  1 785 :  6854 
GARROW,    William    (Kt.    1812-30) 

1785:  6783,  6813.    1790:  7718 
GAVESTON,  Piers,  Earl  of  Cornwall 

1786:  6964 


GEE,  J.    1787:  7150 

GEORGE  III  1784:  6361,  6366,  6368, 
6370,  6375,  6376,  6377,  6378,  6384, 
6385,  6387,  6389,  6394,  6400,  6404, 
6405,  6409,  6411,  6412,  6414,  6417, 
6418,  6419,  6424,  6425,  6436,  6442, 
6443,  6445,  6447,  6449,  6457,  6459, 
6461,  6464  (4),  6467,  6469,  6470, 
6473,  6476,  6485,  6486,  6504,  6512, 
6515, 6522, 6545, 6550, 6552,  p.  112, 

6556,  6568,  6568  A,  6569,  6571,  6574, 

6581, 6584, 6587, 6589, 6590,  6598, 

6601,  6603,  6608,  6631,  6632,  6647, 
6660.  1785: 6787,  6792,  6795,  6806, 
6808, 6810,  681 1, 6910. 1786: 6917, 
6918,  6929,  6931,  6934,  6937,  6945, 
6946,  6947,  6950,  6964,  6966,  6968, 
6969,  6972,  6973,  6974,  6979,  6980, 
6981,  6984,  6987,  6991,  6995,  7063. 
1787: 7121,  7124,  7126,  7131,  7132, 
7144, 7149, 7153, 7157, 7157  A,  7160, 
7163,  7166,  7169,  7171,  7173,  7181, 
7182,7183,7186,7187,7188.  1788: 
7258,  7264,  7267,  7273,  7274,  7286, 
7287, 7288, 7295 ,  7297, 7301  (i),  7303 , 
7308,  7310,  7312,  7314,  7318,  7320, 
7321,  7322,  7324,  7325,  7329,  7352, 
7355,  7357,  7358,  7359  (10,  14), 
7372,  7374,  7377,  7378,  7389,  7394, 
7395,  7399,  7400-  1789:  7484, 
7509,  7510,  7513,  7515,  7518,  7519, 
7520,  7522,  7523,  7524,  7525,  7526, 
7529, 7535, 7542, 7544, 754^,  754^  A, 
7547,7549,7554,7556.  1790:7623, 
7624,  7626,  7645,  7649,  7669,  7680, 
7681,7689,7818.  1791:7827,7836, 
7843,  7843  A*,  7844,  7845,  7849, 
7851, 7852, 7857,  7862,  p.  796, 7868, 
7881,  7889,  7892,  7894,  7897,  7898, 
7902,  7903,  7905,  7913,  7915,  7917, 
7923,  7924,  7927,  7931,  7935,  7937> 
8008, 8010.  1 792 :  8060, 8064, 8065, 
8074,  8078,  8080,  8081,  8082,  8084, 
p.  905,  8089,  8090,  8091,  8092, 
8093, 8094,  8095,  8096,  8097, 8102, 
8104,  8106,  8107,  8110,  8115,  8116, 
8117,  8129,  8138,  8142,  8153. 
Addenda:  8267,  8283 
GEORGE,  Prince  of  Wales,  after- 
wards George  IV  1784:  6367, 
6383,  6401,  6416,  6422,  6424,  6448, 
6451,  6453,  6457,  6459,  6468,  6481, 
6507,  6518,  6528,  6530,  6533,  6535, 


1013 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


6539,  6542,  6547,  6560,  6563,  6564 
6580,  6585,  6587,  6593,  6621,  6622 
6625,  6647,  6655,  6656,  6660,  6663 
6668,  6717.  1785:  6771,  6772 
6779,  6782,  679s,  6799,  6811,  683r 
6853,  6870.  1786:  6924,  6927 
6928,  6929,  6930,  6931,  6932,  6933 
6937,  6938,  6941,  6942,  6943,  6944^ 
6945,  6949,  6950,  6953,  6954,  6956, 
6958,  6961, 6963,  6965,  6967,  6968 
6970,  6971,  6974, 6975,  6980,  6981 
6982,  6985,  6986,  6988,  6989,  6990 
6991,6992.  1787:7121,7127,7129 
7143,  7156,  7158,  7162,  7165,  7166 
7167,  7168,  7170,  7182,  7184,  7219 
1788:  7263,  7273,  p.  469*  7301  (3) 
7306,  7329,  7330,  7333,'  7335 
7336,  7337,  7338,  7342,  7343,  7352 
P-  5i5>  7359  (7,  9),  7365,  7368 
7375,  7375  A,  7377,  7378,  7380 
7381,  7382,  7383,  7384,  7385,  7386 
7387,  7388,  7389,  7391,  7393,  7395 
7397,  7425,  7439,  7439  A.  1789 
7474,  7476,  7477,  7478,  7479,  7481 
7483, 7485, 7486, 7486  A,  7487, 7493 
7494,  7496,  7497,  7498,  7499,  7501 
7503,  7507,  7508,  7509,  7511,  7512 
7513,  7514,  7515,  7517,  7519,  7521 
7523,  7526,  7531,  7534,  7537,  7542 
7551,7554,7557,7564.  1790:7623 
7624,  7627,  7633,  7635,  7636,  7638 
7649,7665,7673,7743.  1791:7823 
7829,  7840,  7849,  7850,  7858,  7873: 
7902, 7905, 7910, 7918,  7919, 7920 

7933,  7935,  7975,  7993,  7995,  7996 

8010.      1792:    8065,    8073,    8075 

8076,  8077,  8083,  8090, 8095, 8104 

8110,  8112,  8113,  8115.  Addenda: 

8252,  8253,  8283 
GERARD,  Alexander,  D.D.  (Professor) 

1786:  7027 
GIBBON,  Edward   1788:  7418,  7419 
GIDEON,   Sir   Sampson  (cr.   Baron 

Eardleyi789)   1784:6431.   1786: 

7002 
GILBERT,  Thomas    1787:  7130 
GILL,  William  (Lord  Mayor)    1788: 

7386,    7387.     1789:    7496,    7524, 

7525,  7536 
GLOUCESTER,       Maria      (Walpole), 

Duchess  of  (dowager  Countess  of 

Waldegrave)  1788:7266 

*  Date 


GLYN,    Sir    Richard    Carr     1790: 

7680,  7681 
GODFREY  (Captain  of  East   India- 
man)    1785:  6841 
GOLDSMITH,  Oliver   1785:  6853 
GORDON,  Miss   1788:  7421 
GORDON,  Lord  Adam    1784:  6390, 

6431.    1787:  7134 
GORDON,  Alexander,  4th  Duke  of 

1784: 6390 
GORDON,    Lady    Charlotte      1789: 

7535,  7594 
GORDON,  Lord  George    1784:  6616, 

6666.     1786:   6992,    7004,   7010. 

1787:   7127,   7134,   7209.     1788: 

7423,  7424,  7425.  Addenda:  8249 
GORDON,    Henry  (butler   of  Trin. 

Coll.,  Cambridge)   1786:  7017 
GORDON,  Jane  (Maxwell),  Duchess 

of  1787:  7182.  1789:  7490,  7504, 

7535,7594.  1792:8194 
GORDON,  O.  D.  (of  Utrecht)    1787: 

7134 
GORDON,  Thomas  (professor)  1786: 

7027 
GOULD,   Sir   Charles,    Kt.,   LL.D. 

1784:6431 
GOWER,    Granville    Leveson-,    2nd 

Earl   (cr.    Marquis    of   Stafford 

1786)    1784:  6366.    1789:  7500, 

7505 
GRACCHUS,     Tiberius    and     Gaius 

1786:  6964 
GRAFTON,  Augustus  Henry  Fitzroy, 

3rd  Duke  of    1784:  6461.    1788: 

7310,    7330,    7338,    7388,    7389. 

1789:  7474,  7475,  7482,  7482  A, 

7503,  7507,  7512 
GRAHAM,  James  Graham,  Marquis 

of  (3rd  Duke  of  Montrose  1790- 

1836)     1784:  6693,  6810.    1787: 

7130.    1788:7372.    1790:7623 
GRAHAM,     James    (quack     doctor) 

1785:   6843,    6846.     1786:  7022, 

7078.   1789:7545.  Addenda:  8247 
GRANBY,   John   Manners,   Marquis 

of,  1788:  7406 
GRATTAN,  Henry    1785:  6809,  6812. 

1789:7511.    1790:7664 
GREGORY,  Robert  Addenda:  8270^ 
GRENViLLE,  William  Wyndham  for. 

Baron    Grenville    1790)     1784: 
uncertain. 


1014 


INDEX   OF    PERSONS 


6685.    1789:  7482,  7482  A.    1790: 
7623,    7640,    7682,    7684.     1791: 
7871.    1792:  8061,  8096 
GREVILLE,  Charles   1788:  7301  (10) 
GREVILLE,   (Hon.)  Charlcs  Francis 

1787:7139 
GREY,  Charles  (2nd  Earl  Grey  1807- 

45)     1787:    7128.      1791:    7855, 

7871,   7902.     1792:   8110,   8115, 

8140.   Addenda:  8283 
GRIFFIN,  Sir  John,  K.B.  (succ.  to 

barony  of  Howard  de  Walden 

1784,  cr.  Baron  Braybrooke  1788) 

1784:  6431 
GRiMALDi,  Wilham    1788:  7435 
GROSE,  Francis,  F.S.A.*   1788: 7464, 

7472.    1789:7582 
GUILFORD,  Earl  of,  see  north 
GUIMARD,  Marie-Madeleine    1789: 

7589 

GUNNING,  Mrs.  Susannah,  nee  Mini- 
fie  1791:  7980,  7981,  7982,  7983, 
7984,7985.    1792:8163 

GUNNING,  Elizabeth,  afterwards 
Mrs.  Plunkett  1791:  7980,  7981, 
7982,7983,7984,7985,7986.  1792: 
8163 

GUNNING,  General  1791:  7951, 
7980,  7981,  7982,  7984,  7985- 
1792:  8163 

GURFORD,  W.  (Cambridge  inn- 
keeper)   1786:  7016 

GUSTAVUS  III  of  Sweden  1784: 
6485.  1786:  6917.  1791:  7827, 
7843  A*.    1792:  8080,  8101,  8131 

GUSTAVUS  IV  of  Sweden   1792:  8143 

HALDANE,  John    1792:  8162 
HALE,  John  1785: 6783 
HALIFAX,  Eliza    1784:  6684 
HALL,  Edward  ('Liberty  Hair)  1784: 

6422,  6478,  6550,  6575,  6593,  6627, 

6659.     1788:  7379.     1789:  7526. 

1790:  7638,  7653 
HALL,  Gilbert    1792:  8162 
HAMILTON,  Alexander  (Professor  of 

Midwifery)    1 786 :  7022 
HAMILTON,  Douglas  Hamilton,  8th 

Duke    of     1788:    7403.      1791: 

7958.    1792:8175 


HAMILTON,     (Emma)     Lady,    see 

HART 

HAMILTON,  William  Gerard    1789: 

7493 
HAMMET,  Sir  Benjamin   1789:  7524, 

7525 

HANGER,  (Hon.)  George  1786:  6924, 
6928,  6929,  6930,  6931,  6932,  6937, 
6941,  6942,  6943,  6944,  6953,  6961, 
6967,  6968,  6970,  6974,  6977,  6980, 
6989,  6990,  6991,  6992,  7080. 
1787:  7127,  7143,  7158,  7182. 
1788: 7263,  7306,  7340, 7342,  7344, 
7352,  7354,  7354  A,  7359  ("),  73^2, 
7375,  7375  A,  7378,  7379,  7380, 
7425.  1789:  7477,  7542,  7557. 
1790:  7638,  7647,  7654.  1791: 
7850,  7876,  7920.   Addenda:  8254 

HARE,  James   1790:  7682 

HARRIS,  Sir  James,  K.B.  (cr.  Earl  of 
Malmesbury  1800)  1788:  7318. 
1789:  7493 

HART,  Emma  {nie  Lyon),  Lady 
Hamilton  from  1791    1790:  7708 

HARTLEY,  T.    1789: 755 1 

HASLANG,  Count    1790:  7746 

HASTINGS,  Mrs.    1785:  6828 

HASTINGS,  Mrs.  Anna  Maria  Apol- 
lonia  {nie  Chapusettin)  1788: 
7324,  7330 

HASTINGS,  Warren^  1786:  6915, 
6922,  6925,  6926,  6936,  6948,  6955, 
6966,  6994.  1787:  7130,  7136, 
7138,  7139,  7149,  7151,  7152,  7158, 
7169.  1788:  7264,  7267,  7268,3 
7269,  7270,  7271,  7272,  7273,  7274, 
7275,  7276,  7277,  7278,  7279,  7285, 
7286,  7287,  7288,  7289,  7295,  7297, 
7299,  7300,  7301  (4),  7302,  7304, 
7307, 7308,  7309,  7310,  7312,  7313, 
7314,  7315,  7316,  7319,  7320,  7321, 
7323,  7324,  7325,  7326,  7327,  7329, 
7330,  p.  499, 7331,  7359  (14),  7383. 
1789:  7529,  7541,  7554.  1790: 
7626,  7627,  7633,  7659,  7682 

HATSELL,  John  (Clerk  of  the  House 
of  Commons)  1785:6784.  1787: 
7128,  7131 

HAWKE,  Martin  Bladen-Hawke,  2nd 
Baron   1785:  6810,  6827 


*  See  Index  of  Artists. 

^  Including  allusions  to  the  trial  when  Hastings  is  not  mentioned. 

3  Date  uncertain. 


1015 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


HAWKER,    Captain    Samuel     1790: 

7704 
HAWKES,     Mr.    (of    Okehampton) 

1791:7834 

HAWKESBURY,    Baron,   see   Charles 

JENKINSON 

HAWKINS,    Sir   John     1786:   7051. 

1788:  7417.    Addenda:  8281 
HAY,  Miss    1784:  6691 
HAYLEY,  William    1790:  7734 
HEATHFIELD,      Gcorge      Augustus 

Eliott,  Baron    1786:7018.    1788: 

7316,    7318,    7330.      1790:    7622, 

7651,  7671 
HELY-HUTCHINSON,     John       1789: 

7491 

HENDERSON,  Col.     1790:  7746 

HENDERSON,  John  1785:6854.  1789: 

7591 

HENLEY,  John   1784  :  6369  (8) 

HERTFORD,  Francis  Seymour  Con- 
way, I  St  Earl  of  (cr.  Marquis 
1793)    1784:6485 

HERTZBERG,  Count  Ewald  Friedrich 
von    1791:7841 

HERVEY,  Miss  (daughter  of  Thur- 
low)    1792:  8104,  8164 

HERVEY,  Frederick  Augustus,  4th 
Earl  of  Bristol  (Bishop  of  Derry) 
1784:  6366,  66io,  6653,  6654,  6659, 
6662.    1785:  6785,  6805,  6819 

HESSE-CASSEL,  Prince  Charles  and/or 
Prince  Frederick  of  1786:  6991. 
1787:7121 

HILL,  Sir  Richard,  2nd  Bart.  1784: 
6437,  6473.    1785:  6775 

HILL,  Rowland    1784:  6677 

HILLISBURGH,  Mile    1791:  8007 

HINCHCLIFFE,  John(Bishop  of  Peter- 
borough)   1784:  6518 

HiNCHiNBROKE,  John  Montague, 
Viscount  (5th  Earl  Sandwich 
1792)    1784: 6431 

HOBART,  Albinia,  Hon.  Mrs. 
(Countess  of  Buckinghamshire 
1793-1816)  1784:  6526,  6531,  p. 
112,  6557,  6561,  6596,  6621,  6634, 
6713.  1787:  7215,  7218.  1788: 
7330,7359(12).  1789:7523.  1790: 
7737.  1791:7921,7935,7966,7974- 
1792:  8054,  8060,  8073, 8075,  81 12, 
8166,  8167,  8194 


of  Buckinghamshire,  1793-1804) 
1792:  8166 
HODGES  (Miss  or  Mrs.,  ?  nee  Aston) 

1791:7873 

HODGES,  Mrs.,  nee  Aston  (see  above) 

1791:7944 

HOG,  Roger   1785:6847.  1788:7415 

HOGARTH,  William  (works  of)  Ad- 
denda: 8253 

HOGHTON,  Sir  Henry,  6th  Bart. 
1784:6431.    1790:7628 

HOLLAND,  Henry    1791:  8015 

HOLLAND,  Henry  Fox,  ist  Baron 
1784:  6601.  1788:  7279.  1789: 
7494.    1790:  7642 

HOLLOND,  Edward  and  John  1791: 
7885 

HOLMAN,  Joseph  George  1785: 
6854.  1786:  7054,  7059.  1789: 
7566.    1792:  8180 

HOLT,  Mr.   1788:  7326 

HOOD,  Admiral  Sir  Alexander,  K.B. 
(cr.  Baron  Bridport  1794)  1788: 
7318,  7320 

HOOD,  Sir  Samuel,  Bart.,  Admiral 
(cr.  Baron  Hood  1784,  Viscount 
Hood  1796)  1784:  6474,  6504, 
6510,  651 1,  6525,  6526,  6532,  6536, 
6537,  6540,  6544,  6545,  6561,  6562, 
6582,  6589,  6593,  6596,  661 1,  6619, 
6621,  6687.  1785:  6810,  6882. 
1788:  7339,  7340,  7341,  7346,  7347, 
7350,  7351,  p.  515,  7361,  7364, 
7371,7372,7393,7410.  1789:7369, 
7507.  1790:  7638,  7641,  7642, 
7652,  7654,  7659,  7669,  7682,  7691. 
1791:7880 

HOPKINS,  John  (Lord  Mayor)  1791: 
7938 

HORNE,  John,  see  tooke 

HOUSE,  Sam  1784:  6398,  6422,  6423, 
6453,  6478,  6479,  6487,  6496,  6524, 
6528,  6529,  6536,  6548,  6560,  6576, 
6577,  6586,  6588,  6590,  6593,  6600, 
6604,  6619,  p.  152,  6624,  6627, 
6628,6634,6665.  1785:6793.  1789: 
7492.    1790:  7642 

HOWARD  (of  Windsor)    1790:  7740 

HOWE,  Admiral  Richard,  4th  Vis- 
count (cr.  Earl  1788)  1787:  7126, 
7132.  1788:  7262,  7412.  1790: 
7669,  7677 


oxuu,  oiuy,  01  y^  /uuy,  yuyy 

HOBART,  (Hon.)  George  (3rd  Earl  |  howlett  (Rev.)  John   1786:  6993 

ioi6 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


HUTTNER,  Johann  Christian    1792: 

8121 
HUGHES,  Miss    1789:  7566 
HUMPHRIES,       Richard      (pugiHst) 

1788:  7359  (2),  74^5,  7426.    1789: 

7602.    1790:  7646 
HUNTER,  Alexander   1785:6847 
HUNTER,  Andrew,  D.D.   1 788 :  7416. 

1789:  7580 
HUNTINGDON,      SeHna      Hastings, 

Countess  of   1791:7962 
HUTCHINS  (auctioneer)    1 788 :  7446 
HUTTON,  Dr.  James   1787:  7206 
HUTTON,  Sibilla   1786:  7024,  7025 

IDESON,  J.  W.    1788:  7371 

IMPEY,  Sir  EHjah  1787:7152.  1788: 

7265,    7285,    7316,    7326.      1790: 

7682.   Addenda:  8276 
INNES,  Edward    1792:  8185 
ISAAC  (of  St.  James's)   1791 :  7914 

JACKSON,  John  (Steward  to  the  Duke 
of  Newcastle)    1784:  6492,  6576 

JACKSON,  (Rev.)  William  1784:6369 
(6),    6616.      1785:    6853.      1786: 

7059 
JACOBS  (Westminster  elector)   1 790 : 

7642 
jARVis,  Miss    1785:  6829 
JEBB,  John,  M.D.    1784:  6485 
JEFFERYES  (or  Jefferics),  Miss  Eliza- 
beth    1787:  7163,   7218.     1788: 
7330.    1790:7647.    1791:7921 
JEFFRIES  (or  Jefferies),  John    1790: 

7647 
JEKYLL,  Col.    1788:  7330 
JEKYLL,  Joseph   1791 :  7828 
JENKINSON,     Charles     (cr.     Baron 
Hawkesbury  1786,  Earl  of  Liver- 
pool   1796)     1784:    6474,   6485, 
6630. »    1785:  6801,  6810.    1786: 
6940.     1787:  7149.     1789:  7477. 
1790:  7623,  7640 
JERSEY,  William  Villiers,  3rd  Earl 

of  (d.  1769)  1790:  7721,  7724 
JOHNSON,  Samuel,  LL.D.  1785: 
6853.  1786:  7028,  7029,  7030, 
7031,  7032,  7033,  7034,  7035,  7036, 
7037,  7038,  7039,  7040,  7042, 7044, 
7045,7047,7049,7051,7052.  1788: 
7417.  Addenda:  8281 


JOHNSTON,  Lady  Cecilia  (nee  West) 

1787:  7218.    1788:  7330.    1791: 

7935,    7967,    7971.     1792:    8157, 

8158 
JOHNSTON,    General   James  ('Irish 

Johnston')    1791:7971 
JOHNSTON,  Robert   1786:  7025 
JOHNSTONE,  Sir  James,   4th   Bart. 

1788:  7317,7330.    1790:7623 
JOHNSTONE,    John    Henry    ('Irish 

Johnstone')    1791:7950 
JONES,  Paul  1787:7150.   1792:8067 
JONES,  Sir  William,  Kt.  (1783)  1784: 

6669 
JORDAN,  Mrs.  Dorothea  (n^e  Bland) 

1785:  6875.     1787:  7190,   7217. 

1789:  7514.     1790:  7717.    1791: 

7835,  7907,  7908, 7909, 7910, 7911, 

7912, 7920,  7925,  7926,  7934, 7935. 

1792:  8057,  8073,  8095 
JOSEPH   II,   Emperor     1786:   6917. 

1787:    7141,    7171,    7180,    7181. 

1791:7827 
JUDD    (auctioneer's    clerk)      1788: 

7446 

KATERFELTO  Or  KATTERFELTO,  Gus- 

tavus    1784:  6705.    1789:  7545 
KAY,    John2     1784:    6695.     1792: 

8186 
KEEGAN  (aeronaut)    1784:  6702 
KELLY  (a  J.P.)     1784:  6575,  6593, 

6627 
KELLY,  Michael    1791:  7946 
KELSEY  (fruiterer)    1784:  6453 
KEMBLE,  John  Philip     1784:  6769. 

1789:7590.    1791:  8011 
KEMBLE,  Roger.    1789:  7591 
KENYON,    Lloyd    (cr.    Bart.    1784, 
Baron  1788)    1784:  6387.    1785: 
6777,    6797,    6810.      1787:    7123, 
7130,    7154,    7182,    7183.     1788: 
7303,  7317,  7328.    1790:  7682 
KEPPEL,    Augustus,    I  St    Viscount 
Keppel,    Admiral      1784:    6367, 
6372,  6383,  6389,  6412,  6422,  6424, 
6443,  6450,  6481,  6482,  6518,  6627, 
6638,  6671.     1786:  6943.     1790: 
7642 
KERR,  James  (banker)   1785:  6845 

KIEN  LONG,  see  CH'iEN  LUNG 


*  If  the  identification  is  correct  the  date  should  be  1785. 

*  See  Index  of  Artists. 


IO17 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


KILMARNOCK,    William    Boyd,   4th 

Earl  of   1786:  7043 
KIMBER,    John    (master    mariner) 

1792:  8079,  8081 
KINCARDINE,  Alexander  Bruce,  2nd 

Earl  of  1786:  7032,  7037 
KINCARDINE,  Veronica,  Countess  of 

1786:  7032,  7037 
KING,  Mrs.  (actress)    1786:  7062 
KING,    John   ('Jew    King')     1787: 

7198 
KING,  Thomas  (actor)    1784:  6769. 

1792:  8181 
KIPPIS,  Andrew    1790:  7628,  7635 
KiTCHiN  (or  kitchen),  Henry  (Alder- 
man   1784:  671 1 
KOTZWARRA,  Franz  1 79 1 :  803 9 
KYRLE,  John    1792:  81 17 

LAFAYETTE,  M.-J.-P.-Roch-YvCS 

Gilbert     Motier,     Marquis     de 
1789:  7546,  7546  A,  7548,   7550, 
7560.   1790:  7665 
LA  LUZERNE,  Anne-Cesar  de   1789: 

7507 
LAMONT,    John    (surgeon)      1786: 

7022 
LANESBOROUGH,     Jane    (Rochfort), 

Countess  of   1787:  7198 
LANSDOWNE,    William    Petty,    ist 

Marquis  of  (Earl  of  Shelburne 

till  1784)    1784:  6366,6374,6387, 

6457,    6485.      1787:    7148,    7150, 

7155,    7163.      1788:    7310,    7320, 

7330.  1790:7623,7628,7659.  1791: 

7827,7828.  1792:8069 
LAW,  Edmund,  Bishop  of  Carlisle 

1790:7628 
LAW,    Edward,    K.C.    (cr.    Baron 

Ellenborough  1802)    1788:  7269, 

7270,    7277,    7321,   7331.     1790: 

7718 
LEE,  John  (Jack)    1784:  6364,  6369 

(8),  6384,  6627,  6641.    1785:  6777, 

6852.    1787:7130,7139 
LEEDS,  Duke  of,  see  Carmarthen, 

Marquis  of 
LEESON,  Mr.    1790:  7744,  7745 
LEINSTER,   Robert   Fitzgerald,  2nd 

Duke  of  1786:6997.  1788:7411. 

1789:  7511,  7512,  7513,  7515,  7517, 

7518,  7519 
*  As  one  of  the  'Bengal  Squad*. 


LE   MESURiER,    Paul    1787:  7130,* 

7139.  1789:7524.  1790:  7681 
LENNOX,  Lt.-Col.  Charles  (4th  Duke 
of  Richmond  and  Lennox,  1806- 
1819)     1789:   7531,   7532,   7533, 
7534,  7535,  7542,  7573,  7594 
LENNOX,  Lady  Charlotte,  ^^^  cordon 
LEOPOLD  II,  Emperor    1791:  7827, 
7843  A*,  7845,  7849,  7857.    1792: 
8068,  8101 
LESLIE,  John  (Professor)   1786: 7027 
LEWES,    Sir   Watkin     1784:    6442, 
6471,    6509,    6613.     1785:   6798. 
1789:   7525.     1790:   7623,   7682, 

7749 
LEWIS,    William    Thomas      1790: 

7712 
LEY,  John  (Clerk  Assistant  of  the 

House  of  Commons)   1785:6784. 

1787:  7128,  7131 
LIFFORD,  James  Hewitt,  ist  Viscount 

1789:7491 
LIGONIER,  Mrs.    1786:  7001 
LIMON,  Geoff roy  de^   1790:  7649 
LiNDSEY,  Theophilus     1790:  7628, 

7635.    1791:7894,7899 
LiNLEY,  Thomas  1787:7214.   1790: 

7736.    1791:  8oi  I 
LITTLE  (of  Libberton)    1786:  7022 

LITTLEDALE    1792:  8155 

LLOYD,  Jack    1791:  8002 
LOCATELLi,  Giovanni  Battista  1789: 
7586 

LOM^NIE    DE    BRIENNE,    Archbishop 

of  Toulouse    1 788 :  7376 
LONG,    Charles   (cr.    Baron    Farn- 

borough  1820)    1792:  8076 
LONG,  w.    1787:  7150 
LONSDALE,  James  Lowther,  ist  Earl 

of    1784:  6579,  6603,  6616,  6631. 

1786:  6957.    1791:  8003.    1792: 

8155,  8156 
LORNE,  George  William  Campbell, 

Marquis  of  (6th  Duke  of  Argyll 

1806-31)  1791:7981,7982,7984. 

1792:  8163 
LORT,  Michael   1788:  7446,  7461 
LOTHIAN,  William  John  Kerr,  5th 

Marquis  of  (styled  Earl  of  An- 

cram  1767-75)   1789:  7508,  7515, 

7526.      1790:    7623.      Addenda: 

8258 
^  More  probably  Fran9ois  Limon. 


IO18 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


i> 


LOUGHBOROUGH,  Alexander  Wed- 
derburn,  ist  Baron  (cr.  Earl  of 
Rosslyn  1801)  1784:  6482,  6616. 
1785:  679s,  6796.  1787:  7132, 
7141,  7151,  7163.  1789:  7477, 
7508,  7509,  7526.  1790:  7623, 
7649 

LOUIS  XVI  1784:  6389,  6435.  1786: 
6917,  6995-  1787:  7144,  7171, 
7172,  7180,  7181.  1788:  7376. 
1789:  7485,  7486,  7548,  7550,  7553, 
7560.  1790: 7649, 7660, 7661, 7665, 
7668,7690.  1791:7824,7827,7841, 

7843,  7843  A*,  7849,  7882,  7883, 

7884,  7886.    1792:  p.  905,  p.  922, 

8122,  8143 
LOUIS,  Dauphin    1789:  7553,  7560. 

1790:   7661,   7668.     1791:   7882, 

7884,  7886 
LOUIS,  Comte  de  Provence  ('Mon- 
sieur'),   Louis    XVIII    1814-24 

1792:  8068,  8084 
LOWTHER,  Sir  James,  see  lonsdale. 

Earl  of 
LOWTHER,  John    1786:  6957 
LOYOLA,  Ignatius    1787:  7150 
LUNARDI,  Vincenzo  (aeronaut)  1784: 

6688,    6700,    6706,    6715.      1785: 

6858,  6880 
LUXEMBOURG,     Duc     de     (Anne- 

Charles-Sigismond  de  Montmo- 

rency-Luxembourg,  called  Duc  de 

Piney-Luxembourg)    1790:  7663 
LUXEMBOURG,    Madeleine-Suzanne- 

Adelaide,    Duchesse    de    1790: 

7663 

LUZERNE,  see  LA  LUZERNE 

LYNDEN,  Baron  de    1784:  6666 
LYTTELTON,    Thomas,    2nd    Baron 
1787:  7200 

MACARTNEY,     Gcorgc     Macartney, 

Baron  (cr.  Viscount  1732)   1786: 

6915.    1792:  8121 
MACAULAY,  Alderman    1790:  7680, 

7681 
MACAULAY  GRAHAM,  Catharine  (nee 

Sawbridge)    1790:7685 
MCCARTHY,  Col.    1790:  7744,  7745 
MCDONALD  (master  mariner)    1790: 

7674  A 
MACDONALD,    Sir    Alexander,    9th 

'  As  one  of  the 


Bart.  (cr.   Baron  Macdonald  of 
Slate  1776)    1786:  7041,  7051 
MACDONALD,  Archibald  (Kt.  1788, 
cr.  Bart.  1813)  1785: 6810.  1787: 
7128,    7130,^    7139,    7154,    7163. 
1788:   7259,   7265,   7303.     1789: 
7506,  7593.    1790:  7623,  7653 
MACDONALD,  Flora  Addenda:  8281 
MACDONALD,  Miss  Pcnclope,  after- 
wards    LADY     BELHAVEN       1787: 

7203, 7204 

MCDONALD,    Samucl    ('Big    Sam') 

1791 :  7905.    1792:  8090,  8179 
MACFARLANE,  Robert   1 792 :  8 1 62 
MACHiAVELLi,  Niccolo    1784:  6426 
MACKENZIE,  John  (opium  contrac- 
tor)   1781:7151  A 
MCKENZIE    of    Redcastle,     Captain 

1786:  7026 
MACKRETH,  Robert  (Kt.  1795)  1784: 

648s 
MCLEAN,    Donald,    Laird    of    Col 

1786:  7048 
MCLEOD,  Malcolm   1786:  7046 
MCLEOD,  Roderick    1786:  7027 
MCMANUS  (Bow-Street  officer)  1 786 : 

7012 
MCNAB,  Francis,  of  McNab    1786: 

7026 
MACNAMARA,     John      1788:    7371, 

7372.    1789:7477 

MCQUEEN  (innkeeper  in  Glen- 
morison)    1786:  7044 

MCQUIRK  (chairman)    1791 :  7894 

MACRAE,  James  1790:7709 

MAHON,  Lord,  see  stanhope 

MAHON,  Mrs.  Gertrude  (nee  Til- 
son)    1784:  6680.    1785:6831 

MAILS  (hairdresser)    1 789 :  7526 

MAINWARING,  William,  J.P.  1784: 
6550.   1790:7634.  Addenda:  8245 

MAITLAND,  Eleanor  (nee  Todd),  Vis- 
countess. Countess  of  Lauder- 
dale from  1789    1786:  6961 

MANCHESTER,  George  Montagu,  4th 
Duke  of   1784:6485 

MANIN,  Ludovico,  Doge   1791 :  7843 

MANSFIELD  (originally  Manfield), 
James  1784:  6384,  6485.  1785: 
6777 

MANSFIELD,  William  Murray,  ist 
Earl  of    1784:  6485,  6616,  6670, 

'Law  Covey'. 


IOI9 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


6849,   6852.    1786:  7075.    1787: 
7123.    1789:7615 
MARA,    Mme    Gertrude    Elizabeth 
1786:  7056,   7067.     1787:   7163. 
1791:  8010 

MARIA  FRANCES  ISABELLA,  Queen  of 

Portugal   1786:6917.    1792:8143 
MARIE  ANTOINETTE,  Queen  of  France 

1786:   6995.     1789:   7548,   755©, 

7553,    7560.      1789:    7661,    7663. 

1790:  7668,  7675,  7678,  7679,  7690. 

1791 :  7824,  7855,  7882,  7884,  7886, 

7920.   See  under  7931 
MARIE  THi^RESE  (afterwards  Duchesse 

d'Angouleme)    1791:7886 
MARKHAM,  William,  Archbishop  of 

York    1784:  6461 
MARLBOROUGH,     George    Spencer, 

4th  Duke  of    1784:6485.    1791: 

7980,  7982,  7986.    1792:  8163 
MARLBOROUGH,    5th   Duke   of,   see 

BLANDFORD 

MARLBOROUGH,  John  Churchill,  ist 
Duke  of   1790:  7680,  7721,  7724 

MARSHAM,  Charles  1784:  6457, 
6485.  1787:  7139.  1789:  7623. 
1790:  7682 

MARTIN  (boxer)    1786:6944 

MARTIN,  James    1790:  7682 

MARTIN,  Timothy  (publican)    1788: 

7352 

MARTIN,  William  (bookseller)  1 785 : 
6844 

MARTYR,  Mrs.  Margaret,  nee  Thorn- 
ton (actress)    1787:7202 

MARY,  Princess  (m.  William 
Frederick  Duke  of  Gloucester 
1816)    1786:6984    1792:8074 

MASH  (optician  and  freemason) 
1786:  7010 

MASHAM,  see  MARSHAM  \ 

MASON  (associate  of  Blood)    1788:"^ 

7344 
MASON,  Mrs.    1791:  7940 
MASON,  (Rev.)  William^  1784:  6485, 

6603 
MASSEREENE,   Clotworthy  Skeffing- 

ton,  7th  Viscount  and  2nd  Earl 

of   1790:7663 
MASTERMAN,  William   1784:  6431 
MATTHEWS  (or  Mathews)  (Mayor  of 

Rochester)    1789:  7521,  7552 


MATTHIAS,  J.  (sen.  and  jun.)    1785: 

6783 
MAWBEY,  Sir  Joseph  (cr.  Bart.  1765) 

1787:  7130,   7149,   7163.     1788: 

7422.    1789: 7506.    1790:7682 
MAYERSBACH  (charlatan)    1790:  7748 
*MEADOWS,  Sir  S.'    1790:  7733 
MEEK  (Irish  piper)    1786:  7023 
MELBOURNE,  Elizabeth  (Milbanke), 

Viscountess    1786:  6961 
MENDOZA,  Daniel  (pugilist)    1788: 

7269,  7359  (2),  7425.    1789:  7602. 

1790:  7647,  7665 .    1 79 1 :  7920 
MERicouRT,   Theroigne   de     1789: 

7560 
MERRY,  John    1785:  6813 

MEYNELL,  HugO     1791:  80OI 

MIDDLETON,  Nathaniel    1788:  7326, 

7327 
MILLER,  John    1792:  8162 
MILLES,  Jeremiah,   F.R.S.,   F.S.A. 

1788:7470 
MILLS,  Selina    1791:7991 
MINIFIE,    Margaret   (Teg')     1791: 

7982,7983,7986,7986  a 
MIRABEAU,  Honore-Gabriel-Riqueti, 

Comte    de      1790:    7665,    7668. 

1791:7845,7864,7888 
MOIRA,  Earl  of,  see  rawdon 
MONBODDO,   James   Burnett,   Lord 

(a  lord  of  session)     1784:  6694. 

1790:7758 
MONGE,  Gaspard,  Comte  de  Pelure 

1790:  7721 
MONRO,  John,  M.D.     1784:  6495, 

6700.    1791:7863 
MONSEY,  Messenger,  M.D.    1789: 

7583 
MONSTER,  the,  see  Williams,  Ren- 
.wick 

/Montagu,    Mrs.    Elizabeth     Ad- 
denda: 8281 
MONTAGU,  Frederick    1788:  7320 
MONTESQUIEU,  Charles  de  Secondat, 

Baron  de  la  Bredeetde  1789:  7550 
MONTFORD,  Thomas  Bromley,  2nd 

Baron    1788:7310 
MONTGOLFIER,   Jacqucs-^ticnne  or 

Joseph-Michel   1784:  6435,  6705, 

6708 
MONTROSE,  Duke  of,  see  graham, 

Marquis  of 


^  See  Index  of  Artists. 


1020 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


^ 


MOORE,  John,  Archbishop  of  Can- 
terbury  1787:  7208.    1789:  7505 
MOORE,  Mrs.    1787:  7208 
MORE,  Hannah  Addenda:  8281 
MORET,    Chevalier    de    (aeronaut) 

1784:  6652,  p.  166 
MORGAN  (barrister)    1 785 :  6783 
MORGAN,  Mrs.  M.    1786:  7012,  7013 
MORLAND,  George   1790:7770 
MORNINGTON,  Richard  Colley  Wel- 
lesley.     Earl    of    (cr.     Marquis 
Wellesley     1799)     1787:    7130. 
1788:  7317,  7330.    1790:  7623 
MORRELL,  R.    1784:6557 
MORRIS,    Captain    Charles      1784: 
6575 .  1 786 :  6943 ,  6970, 6980, 6983 , 
6988,  6990,6992.    1790:  7710 
MORRIS,  John  1791:  7828 
MORRIS,  Robert    1787:  7222 
MORSOM,  Mrs.  (of  Whitby)    1791: 

7948 
MORTIMER,  Roger  de.  Earl  of  March 

1786:  6964 
MOTHERiLL,    John    (tailor)      1786: 

6941,  6942,  7076 
MOTTE,  Mme  de  la   1785:  6830 
MOUNT-EDGCUMBE,     George    Edg- 
cumbe,  3rd  Baron  Edgcumbe  of 
Mount-Edgcumbe  (cr.  Viscount 
Mount-Edgcumbe  1781,  Earl  of, 
1789)    1789:7555,7556 
MOUNT-EDGCUMBE,  Emma  (Gilbert), 
Lady     1787:  7218.     1788:  7330. 
1791:7935,7972 

MOUNTFORD,  see  MONTFORD 

MOUNTMORRES,  Hcrvey  Redmond 
Morres,  2nd  Viscount  1784:  6492 

MUIR,  see  MURE 

MULGRAVE,  Constantine  John 
Phipps,  2nd  Baron  1785:  6810. 
1790:  7623 

MUNDEN,  Joseph  Shepherd    1792: 

8237 

MURE  (partner  of  Richard  Atkinson) 
1784:  6485 

MURRAY,  Alexander,  Lord  Hender- 
land  (a  lord  of  session)  1787: 
7205 

MURPHY,  Arthur  1785:  6783,  6852. 
1788:7408 

MURRAY,  (Hon.)  James,  Major- 
general    1784:  6431 

MUSSEL,  Mr.   1789:7570 


NANDAKUMAR  1787:  7169.  1788: 
7265.  1789:  7529.  Addenda: 
8276 

NECKER,  Jacques  1786:  6945,  6958. 
1788:  7376.    1789:  7546,  7546  A, 

7548,  7550 
NEWBERY,  John  (publisher)    1784: 

6378 
NEWLAND,  Abraham    1791:  7839 
NEWCASTLE,   Henry  Fiennes  Clin- 
ton, 2nd  Duke  of   1784:  6492 
NEWMAN  or  NEUMAN,  *  Baron*   1 785 : 

6836 
NEWMAN,  Mr.    1791:  7963 
NEWMAN,  Francis    1790:  7706 
NEWNHAM,    Nathaniel,    Alderman 
1787:   7162,   7183.     1788:   7425. 
1790:  7623 
NEWTON,  Sir  Isaac    1789:  7508 
NiCHOLLS,  John    1787:  7139 
NICHOLS,  John    1790:  7734 
NICHOLSON  (Alderman  of  Rochester) 

1789:  7521,  7552 
NICHOLSON,  Margaret    1786:  6972, 
6973.     1787:  7149.     1789.  7495- 
1790:  7628,  7691 
NOLLEKENS,  Joseph,  bust  by   1791 : 

7902,  &c. 
NORFOLK,    Charles    Howard,    loth 

Duke  of  1785:6829 
NORFOLK,  Charles  Howard,  nth 
Duke  of  (Earl  of  Surrey  till 
1786)  1784:  6422,  6424,  6485, 
6518,  6527,  6593,  P-  150,  6627, 
6671.  1785:  6792,  6795.  1786: 
6939.  1787:  7154,  7207.  1788: 
7310,  7330,  7342.  1789:  7508. 
1790:  7623,  7638.  1791:  7837, 
7871.  1792:  8159 
NORTH,  Frederick,  Lord,  2nd  Earl 
of  Guilford  1790-2  1784:  6362, 
6363  i  6364,  6365,  6366,  6367,  6369, 
6370,  6372,  6373,  6374,  6375,  6376, 
6379,  6382,  6383,  6384,  6387,  6389, 

6392,  6393,  6393  A,  6393  B,  6393  C, 

6394,  6396,  6398,  6399,  6401, 
6402,  6403, 6404, 6405, 6407, 6409, 
641 1,  6412,  6314,  6415,  6418,  6419, 
6422,  6424,  6428,  6429,  6432,  6434, 
6436, 6438,  6439, 6441,  6443, 6445, 
6447, 6448, 6449, 6450, 6451, 6454, 
6355,  6456, 6457, 6458,  6459, 6460, 
6461,  6462,  6465,  6467,  6470,  6477, 


I02I 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


6480,  6481,  6482,  6484,  6486,  6488, 
6489,  6503,  6506,  6507,  6508,  6516, 
6517,  6518,  6534,  6535,  6538,  6545, 
6549,  6550,  p.  112,  6555,  6563,^ 
6580,  6581,  6591,  6601,  6614,  6615, 
6616,  6619,  p.  150,  6622,  p.  152, 
6627,  6628,  6629,  6632,  6636,  6649, 
6652,  6657,  6659,  6661,  6^63,  6668, 
6671,  6673.  1785:  6770,  6773, 
6775,  6784,  6785,  6786,  6789,  6790, 
6791,6792,6795,6812.  1786:6915, 
6916,  6931,  6932,  6943,  6948,  6953, 
6955, 6959,  6970,  6980, 6989,  6990, 
6991,  6992.  1787:  7122,  7127,  7128, 
7130,  7131,  7132,  7135,  7136,  7138, 
7139,  7158,  7163,  7165,  7167,  7168, 
7170,7182.  1788:  7279,7308,7330, 
7351,7381,7397.  1739:7494,7508. 
1790:  7623,  7638.  1791:  7875. 
1792:  8099.  Addenda:  8244 

NORTH,  George  Augustus  (3rd  Earl 
of  Guilford  1792-1802)  1784: 
6676 

NORTHCOTE,  James,  R.A.  (works  of) 
1789:  7584 

NOVOSiELSKi,  Michael   1791:  8007 

NUGENT,  Robert  Nugent,  Earl  1784: 
6387,6461,6683.    1788:7330 

NUNCOMAR,  see  NANDAKUMAR 

O'BRIEN,  Patrick,  see  cotter 
OGILVY,  Dr.  Skene   1786:  7027 
o'leary,  Arthur  1787:  7161 
O'NEILL,   John     1789:   7511,   7513, 

7515,  7518,  7519 
OPIE,  John,  R.A.    1789:  7584 
ORANGE,  Prince  of,  see  William  v 
ORANGE,  Princess  of,  see  wilhel- 

MINA 

O'REILLY,  Robert  Bray  1791 :  8010 

ORLEANS,    LOUIS  -  PHILIPPE  -  JOSEPH 

(^galite)  Due  d'  (Due  de  Chartres 
till  1785)  1784:6622,6679.  1785: 
6822.  1786:  6945.  1788:  7338, 
7359  (7).  1789:  7546,  7546  A, 
7548,  7550,  7559.  1790:  7649, 
7665,  7667,  7668,  7690 
OUDH,  Begam  (or  Begams)  of  1788: 
7309,  p.  499 


PACCHiEROTTi,      Gasparo        1791: 

8010,  8012 
PADLEY,  Mr.  G.  (of  Swansea)  1787: 

7222 
PAGET,  Henry  William,  Lord  (cr. 

Marquis  of  Anglesea  181 5)  1791 : 

8001 
PAINE,  Thomas    1790:7628.    1791: 

7858,  7859,  7867,  7890,  7896,  7900. 

1792:  8087,  8114,  8131,  8132,  8137, 

8138,  8146,  8152,  8212 
PALK,  Sir  Robert  (cr.  Bart.  1772) 

1787:  7130^ 
PALMER,  John    1787:  7214.    1791: 

7954 
PAOLI,  Pasquale  de'   1786:  7031 
PARKER,  Mr.    1790:  7747 
PARKER  (of  Preston)    1 784 :  6675  ^ 
PARKER  (of  Windsor)    1790:  7738, 

7739 
PARKES,    Anthony   (Lottery    Office 

keeper)    1784:  6665 
PARR,  Samuel    1787:  7185.     1788: 

7330 
PARSLOW,  Mrs.    1790:  7696 
PARSONS,  Miss    1784:  6686 
PARSONS,  William  1791:7955.  1792: 

8182 
PARTHANio   (?   Parthenio),   Father 

1792:  8162 
PASLEY,  Thomas,  Admiral  (cr.  Bart. 

1794)    1785:6853 
PATRICK,  saint  and  bishop     1789: 

7518,  7519 
PAYNE,  Sir  Ralph  (cr.  Baron  Laving- 

ton  1795)    1784:  6539 
PECKHAM,    Robert    (Lord    Mayor) 

1784:  6648 
PELHAM,  (Hon.)  Thomas  (2nd  Earl 

of   Chichester    1805-26)*    1784: 

6485 
PERCY,   Thomas,   Bishop   of   Dro- 

more   Addenda:  8281 
PERDITA,  see  ROBINSON,  Mary 
PERRIN  (tailor)     1790:  7738,  7739, 

7740 
PERRY,  James    1785:  6853 
PERRY,  Richard  (of  Bristol)    1791: 

7990,  7991,  7992 


^  In  early  state  only. 

*  As  one  of  the  'Bengal  Squad'. 
3  Date  uncertain. 

*  M.P.  Sussex.  And/or  his  brother  Henry,  M.P.  Lewes. 

1022 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


xA 


PETER  III  of  Russia   1791 :  7902 
PETERBOROUGH,      Charles      Henry 
Mordaunt,    5th   Earl   of    1785: 
6823 
PETERS,   (Rev.)    Matthew   William 

1781:7965,  8014 
Pi^TiON    DE    viLLENEUVE,    Jerdmc 

1792:  8119,  8122 
PHILIPS  (barrister)    1785:  6783 
PHILLIMORE  (actor)   1 79 1 :  801 1 
PHILLIPS,  Mrs.    1786:  7014 
PHILLIPS,  Charlotte    1784:  6685 
PHILPOT,  Miss    1785:  6820 
PICKETT,    William   (Lord    Mayor) 

1790:  7701 
PIENNE,  Ducde  1791:7995 
PIENNE,  Duchesse  de  1791:  7995 
PIGOT,  Hugh,  Admiral  1785:  6824. 
1786:  6943.  1788:  7301  (5),  7359 
(9) 
PIGOTT,  Miss  1788:  7377 
PINDAR,  Peter,  see  wolcot 
y  Piozzi,  Hester  Lynch,  nee  Salusbury 
(Mrs.  Thrale  1763-84)  1785: 
6853.  1786:  7051,  7052.  1788: 
7417.  Addenda:  8281 
PITT,  (Hon.)  William  1784:  6361, 
6366,  6374,  6375,  6377,  6378,  6385, 
6386,  6387,  6389,  6392,  6398,  6400, 
6402,  6404,  6406,  6412,  6413,  6417, 
6418,  6419,  6420,  6425,  6427,  6428, 
6433,  6434,  6436,  6437,  6438,  6439, 
6442,  6443,  6445,  6447,  6449,  6450, 
6453,  6454,  6455,  6457,  6458,  6459, 
6461,  6462,  6464,  6467,  6469,  6471, 
6473,  6476,  6480,  6485,  6486,  6489, 
6501,  6515,  6516,  6522,  6523,  6358, 
654s,  6552,  p.  112,  p.  113,  6556, 
6567,  6587,  6598,  6601,  6613,  6618, 
6620,  6629,  6630,  6631,  6632,  6634, 
6644,  6647,  6649,  6664,  6672,  6704. 
1785:  6770,  6771,  6773,  6775,  6777, 
6778,  6781,  6783,  6784,  6791,  6794, 
6797,  6798,  6799, 6800,  6801,  6806, 
6807,  6808,  6810,6813,  6814,  6818. 
1786: 6915, 6921, 6931, 6936, 6940, 
6945, 6951,  6959,  6960,  6962,  6964, 
6965.  1787:7124,7128,7130,7131, 
7132,  7135,  7136,  7139,  7145,  7146, 
7149,  7152,  7154,  7158,  7159,  7162, 
7163,  7165,  7167,  7168,  7170,  7175, 
7182.  1788 :  7271 ,  7280, 7282, 7284, 
7286,  7301  (4),  7301  A,  7303,  7305, 


7310,  7312,  7317,  7320,  7324,  7325, 
7329,  7330,  7334,  7339,  7347,  7359 
(lo),  7369,  7372,  7381,  7382,  7383, 
7384,  7386,  7387,  7388,  7389,  7392, 
7393,7395.  1789:7474,7475,7476, 
7477,  7478,  7479,  7480,  7481,  7482, 
7483, 7485, 7486, 7486  A,  7487, 7488, 
7489,  7490,  7493,  7494,  7495,  7496, 
7497,  7498,  7500,  7501,  7502,  7503, 
7504,  7505,  7506,  7507,  7512,  7525, 
7526,  7535,  7538,  7545,  755i,  7554, 
7563.  1790:  7623,  7634,  7638, 
7640,  7647,  7649,  7653,  7662,  7666, 
7670,  7674,  7674  A,  7677,  7680, 
7681, 7682, 7684, 7687, 7691.  1791  : 
7821,  7824,  7838,  7841,  7842,  7844, 
7845,  7846,  7847,  7849,  7851,  7852, 
7854,  7855,  7857,  7865,  p.  796, 
7869,  7871,  7873,  7877,  7881,  7889, 
7892,  7897,  7898,  7902, 7904, 7920, 
7935,  7936,  7937-  1792:  8054, 
8059,  8060,  8065,  8066,  8069,  8070, 
8076,  8080,  8084, 8090,  8096,  8097, 
8102,  8103,  8105,  8110,  8111,  8115, 
8121,  8128,  8135,  8139,  8141,  8147, 
8154,  8156.  Addenda:  8266 
PIUS  VI     1790:  7645.     1791:  7843, 

7843  A*,  7886 

^PLENIPOTENTIARY,  the'  (Turkish 
Ambassador)  1787: 7182.  1791: 
7852,  7935,  8012 

PLUMER,  Thomas  (Kt.  1807,  Master 
of  the  Rolls  1 817)  1788:  7269, 
7270,  7277,  7321,  7331 

PLYMOUTH,  Other  Hickman  Wind- 
sor, 5th  Earl  of   1788:  7429, 7430 

POLIGNAC,  Jules,  Due  de  1 790 :  7663 

POLIGNAC,  Mile  de    1790:  7663 

POLIGNAC,  Yolande-Martine- 

Gabrielle  de  Polastron,  Duchesse 
de  1790:  7663 

PONSONBY,  William  Brabazon  (cr. 
Baron    Ponsonby    1806)     1789: 

7511,  7513,  7515,  7518,  7519 
PORTLAND,    Dorothy    (Cavendish), 
Duchess   of     1784:   6494,   6524, 
6532,    6539,    6549.     1788:    7343, 

7345 
PORTLAND,  William  Henry  Caven- 
dish Bentinck,  3rd  Duke  of 
1784:  6367,  6372,  6381,  6383,  6412, 
6424,  6443,  6450,  6457,  6481,  6482, 
6484,  6485,  6518,  6580,  6627,  6657, 


1023 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


6659.  1785:  6795.  1786:  6974, 
6990.  1787:7127,7132,7141.  1788: 
7310,  7323,  7330,  7342,  7345,  7380, 
7383.  1789:  7508.  1790:  7623, 
7638,7641.    1791:7837,7854,7858 

POTEMKIN,  Prince  Gregori  Alex- 
androvich  1791:7844,7849,7852 

POWELL,  John  1786:  6925,  6926, 
6948 

POWELL,  Gabriel  (of  Swansea) 
1787:  7221,  7222 

POWELL,  (Rev.)  Thomas  (of  Swan- 
sea)   1787:  7222 

POWLETT,  Sir  H.  ( ?  John,  4th  Earl 
Poulett)    1788:  7330 

POWYS,  Thomas  (cr.  Baron  Lilford 
1794)  1784:  6413,  6437,  6457, 
6485,  6518,  6627,  6642, 6671.  1785: 
6788,  6795.  1787:  7139.  1788: 
7283.  1789:  7508.  1790:  7623, 
7649,  7682.  1791:  7871.  1792: 
8076 

PRENTICE  (of  Rochester)   1 789 :  7521 

PRETYMAN,  (Rev.)  Gcorgc,  F.R.S. 
(took  name  of  Tomline  1803, 
Bishop  of  Winchester  1820-7, 
established  claim  to  Nova  Scotia 
baronetcy  1823)  1786:  6940. 
1787:  7146,  7147,  7149.  1788: 
7392.  1789:7494.  Addenda:  8266 

PRICE,  Richard,  D.D.  1784:  6485. 
1790:  7628,  7629,  7630,  7635,  7685, 
7686,  7690.  1791:  7822,  7824, 
7858,  7864,  7888,  7899,  7900 

PRIESTLEY,  Joseph,  LL.D.  1790: 
7628,  7630,  7632,  7635,  7636, 7638. 
1791 :  7858,  7887, 7890, 7892,  7894, 
7896,  7899,  7900.  1792:  8082, 
8108,  8114,  8131,  8132,  8137,  8138 

PRIESTLEY,  William    1792:  8108 

PRINGLE,  John    1792:  8186 

PYE,  William    1792:  8162 

QUEENSBERRY,  William  Douglas,  4th 
Duke  of  1784:6681.  1788:7338. 
1789:  7508,  7515,  7537.  1790: 
7623,7649.  1791:7920,7935.  1792: 


8078 


QUICK,  John  1786:7061.  1790:7714 


RAE,  John    1792:  8184,  8186 
RALEIGH,  Sir  Walter    1792:  8220 


RAMSDEN,  Sir  John,  4th  Bart.  1786: 
7021 

RAWDON,  Francis  Rawdon  (after- 
wards Rawdon-Hastings),  Baron 
(succ.  as  2nd  Earl  Moira  1793, 
cr.  Marquis  of  Hastings  1817). 
1788:  7330.  1789:  7526,  7532, 
7533,  7534,  7562 

RAYMOND,  Lucy    1785:  6821 

RAYNAL,  Guillaume-Thomas-Fran- 
9ois,  Abbe    1789:  7550 

REES,  Abraham   1790:  7628,  7635 

RELLISH  (Government  contractor) 
1791:7885 

REY,  Jacob,  see  king,  John 

REYNOLDS,  Sir  Joshua,  P.R.A.  1787: 
7219.    1789:  (works  of)  7584 

ribright,  Thomas  (optician)  1789: 
7597,  7598 

RICHMOND,  Charles  Lennox,  3rd 
Duke  of  1784:  6366,  6373,  6375, 
6387,  6398,  6404,  6419,  6457,  6461. 
1785:  6810.  1786:  6919,  6920, 
6921,  6922,  6923,  6931,  6940,  6951, 
6952,6987.  1787:7131,7148,7149, 
7155,  7159,  7160,  7163,  7167,  7168, 
7170,7215.  1788:7283,7330,7388, 
7389,7393.  1789:7474,7475,7477, 
7479,  7481,  7482,  7482  A,  7486, 
7486  A,  7487,  7494,  7496,  7500, 
7503,  7504,  7506,  7507,  7512,  7531, 
7535,7542,7554.  1790:7623,7640, 
7666.   1792:8io5,  8115,8116,  8120 

RICHMOND,  Mary  (Bruce),  Duchess 
of   1787:  7215 

RIGBY,  Richard    1784:  6437 

RIMINGTON  (of  Windsor)  1790: 
7738,  7739 

RiTTER,  Joseph  (Boswell's  servant) 
1786:  7039 

ROBERTSON,  Jamcs  (of  Kincraigie) 
1784:  6689 

ROBINSON  (of  Rochester)  1789: 
7521,  7552 

ROBINSON,  John  (Treasury  Secre- 
tary 1770-82)  1784:  6427,  6428, 
6431,  6485,  6603.    1785:  6775 


\^   ROBINSON,    Mary  (Perdita)     1784: 


6367,  6416,  6422,  6424,  6451,  6452, 
6459,  6468,  6513,  6549,  6655,  6660, 
6673,  6680.  1785:  6853.  1786: 
6929,6930,6975,6990.  1788:7333^ 


^  Date  uncertain. 


1024 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


ROBINSON,    Thomas    (husband    of 

Perdita)  1784:6451.  1785: 6853. 

1788:  7333^ 
ROCHEiD,  James    1788:  7416 
ROCHESTER,  John  Wilmot,  2nd  Earl 

of  1784:  6437 
ROCKINGHAM,      Charlcs      Watson- 

Wentworth,     2nd     Marquis    of 

1784:6372.    1789:7496 
RODNEY,  George    1784:  6431 
RODNEY,     Admiral      Sir     George 

Brydges,  ist  Baron    1788:  7318. 

1789:  7572.    1790:  7669 
RODNEY,  Hon.  Margaret  Anne  1789: 

7572 
ROGERS  (exciseman)    1791 :  7940 
ROGERS,  Nelly    1789:  7495 
ROHAN,  Cardinal  de    1785:  6830 
ROLLE,  John  (cr.   Baron   Rolle  of 

Stevenstone  1796)     1785:  6816, 

6817.    1788:  7393.    1789:  7506. 

1790:  7623 
ROLLO  of  Normandy   1785:  6816 
ROSE,  George  (Treasury  Secretary) 

1784:  6398.     1785:  6797,   6810. 

1787: 7130,  7145, 7154, 7159,  7168. 

1788:  7310,  7369,   7393.     1789: 

7482.     1790:   7623,    7634,    7640, 

7682.      1791:    7842,    7854,    7871, 

7872.    1792:  8076 
ROSE,  Sir  John  William  (Recorder 

of  London)    1790:  7680 
ROSEWARNE,  Henry   1788:7432 
ROSS,  Mrs.    1784:  6688 
ROSS,  Alexander,  Lt.-Col.  (General, 

1812)    1792:8162 
ROSSI,  Mme    1785:  6873 
ROUSE  (Barrister)    1785:  6783 
ROUSSEAU,  Jean- Jacques  1789:  7550 
RUBINELLI    1786:  7056 
RUMBOLD,   Sir  Thomas  (cr.   Bart. 

1779)    1788:7305 
RUTLAND,    Charles    Manners,    4th 

Duke  of   1784:6647.    1788:7343 
RUTLAND,  Mary  (Somerset)  Duchess 

of      1784:    6612.      1788:    7343, 

7345.    1789:7562.    1791: 8001 
RYBOT,   Mrs.   Alicia  (n^e   Fowler) 

1790:  7707 

SACHEVERELL,  Henry,  D.D.     1784: 
6669 

'  Date  uncertain. 


SACKVILLE,  George  Sackville,  ist 
Viscount  (known  as  Lord  George 
Sackville  till  1770,  Lord  George 
Germain  1770-82)   1785:  6802 

SAINSBURY,  Thomas  (Lord  Mayor) 
1787:  7149 

SAiNT-ALBiN,  Abbe  de  (or  saint-far, 
Abbede)    1788:7338,7359(7) 

ST.  GEORGE     1789:  7557 

ST.  JOHN,  Andrew    1788:  7268^ 
SALISBURY,  James  Cecil,  7th  Earl  of 

(cr.  Marquess  1788)   1784:  6680. 

1786:  6937.    1787:  7182.     1789: 

7505.     1791:    7844,    8010.     Ad- 
denda: 8269 
SALISBURY,    Mary    Amelia    (Hill), 

Countess  of    1784:  6596.    1788: 

7330.     1791:  8001,  8010.     1792: 

8173.   Addenda:  8269 
SALMON      (surgeon's      apprentice) 

1791:7990,  7991 
SANDWICH,  John  Montagu,  4th  Earl 

of   1784:  6470,  6616.    1785:6795. 

1788:  7330,   7406,   7421,  7421  A. 

1789:  7508,  7509.    1790:  7649 
SAVILE,  Sir  George,  8th  Bart.   1784: 

6485 
SAWBRiDGE,  John  (Alderman)  1 785 : 

6788,    6798.     1787:   7139,   7306. 

1789:7508.    1790:7682 
SAWBRIDGE,   Mrs.   (nie   Stevenson) 

1788:7306 
SAWBRIDGE,  Miss   1788:  73 o6 
SAWKINS,  (Rev.)  Mr.    1790:  7742 
SCHOOLE,    Mr.    (barrister)      1790: 

7707 

SCHWELLENBERG      Or      SCHWELLEN- 

BERGEN,  Mrs.  (Keeper  of  the 
Robes  to  the  Queen)  1786: 
6981.  1787:  7163.  1788:  7383. 
1789:  7498,  7501,  7506,  7525, 
7548.  1790:  7626.  1791:  7826, 
7906,  7927,  7931,  7935.  1792: 
8081 

SCOTT,  Major,  Lt. -Governor  of  St. 
Helena    1786:  7015 

SCOTT,  Mr.    1786:  7037 

SCOTT,  John,  K.C.  (kt.  1788,  cr. 
Baron  Eldon  1799,  Earl  of  Eldon 
1821)  1787:  7130.2  1790:  7623* 
7682 

SCOTT,  Major  John  (Scott-Waring 
*  As  one  of  the  'Law  Covey'. 


1025 


3U 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


from    1798)     1786:   6915,  6936. 
1787: 7130, 7139, 7149, 7152, 7169. 
1788:   7299,   7327.     1789:  7529. 
1790:  7623,  7682 
SCOTT,   William  (collector)     1785: 

6845 
SELIM    (Ottoman    Sultan)      1791: 
7827,  7843,  7843  A*,  7845,  7846, 
7849,  7851 
SESTINI,  Giovanna    1791:  8007 
SHELBURNE,  Earl  of,  see  lansdowne 
SHELDON   (aeronaut)     1784:    6701, 

6702,  6703 
SHELDON,  Mrs.,  see  archer 
SHERIDAN,  Mrs.  Lydia  1790:  7706 
SHERIDAN,  Richard  Brinsley  1784: 
6367,  6384,  6412,  6422,  6450,  6470, 
6482,  6518,  6616,  p.  150,  6627, 
6657, 6661 .  1 785 :  6772, 6775, 6779. 
1786:  6939,  6943,  6959,  6960, 
6968, 6974, 6980, 6989, 6990, 7009. 
1787: 7128,  7130,  7131,  7136,  7139, 
7154,7160,7167,7168,7170.  1788: 
7268,^  7269, 7273, 7277, 7279, 7283, 
7289,  7308, 7309,  7310,  7316,  7320, 
7321,  7323,  P-  499»  733i»  7342, 
7347, 7351, 7352, 7353, 7354,  7354  A, 
7356,  7368,  7377,  7378,  7379,  7380, 
7381,7387,7394.  1789:7477,7483, 
7484,  7487,  7492,  7493,  7497,  7499, 
7508,  7509,  7510,  7513,  7514,  7517, 
7526,  7528,  7541.  1790:  7624, 
7627,  7630,  7631,  7633,  7636,  7638, 
7649,  7682,  7685,  7691-  1791: 
7821,  7829,  7837,  7840,  7850,  7854, 
7855,  7858,  7861,  7862,  7863, 7869,^ 
7870,  7871,  7872,  7873,  7889,  7890, 
7892,  7894,  7902,  7920,  7935,  8010, 
801 I.  1792:  8065,  8069,  8076, 
8082,  8087,  81 10,  81 15,  8140,  8147. 
Addenda:  8279,  8283 
SHERWIN,    Miss    (of    Nottingham) 

1792:8172 
SHIPLEY,  Jonathan,  Bishop  of  St. 
Asaph  1784:  6412,  6518,  6669, 
6670 
SHUCKBURGH,  Sir  George  Augustus 
William,  6th  Bart.,  F.R.S.  (Shuck- 
burgh-Evelyn  from  1793)  1788: 
7330 


SIBBALD,  James  (publisher)    1785: 

6845 

SIDDONS,  Mrs.  Sarah  1784:  6712, 
6769.  1785:  6776,  6840.  1786: 
6931.  1787:  7216.  1789:  7591. 
1790:  7716 

siLLERY,  Charles  -  Alexis  -  Brulart, 
Marquis  de    1790:  7649 

SKINNER,  Mr.    1786:  6940 

SLINGSBY  or  SLINGSBURY  (of  Wind- 
sor)   1790:7738,7739 

SMITH,  Augustus  Murray  1785: 
6832 

SMITH,    George    (burglar)      1788: 

7414 
SMITH,  ISiathaniel   1787:7139.   Ad- 
denda: 8270 
SMITH,    Richard   (General)     1790: 

7692 
SMITH,  Robert  (cr.  Baron  Carring- 

ton  1796)    1785:  6810 
SMITH,  Samuel    1787:  7139 
SNEYD  (Rev.)  William    1790:  7705 
SNOW,  Miss   Addenda:  8242 
SOPHIA,  Princess   1786:6981.   1787: 

7121.    1792:  8074 
SOUTHBY,  Captain    1785:  6832 
SPARKS  (of  Rochester)   1 789 :  7521 
SPENCE,    Alderman    of    Rochester 

1789:  7521,  7552 
SPENCER,    Lord    Charles,    LL.D.* 

1784:  6485 
SPENCER,  George  John  Spencer,  2nd 

Earl    1784:6682.    1792: 8192 
STABiLiNi,  Hieronymo   1786:  7026 
STACKPOOLE,  Mr.    1790:  7746 
STAFFORD,  Marquis  of,  see  gower 
STANHOPE,  Charles,  3rd  Earl  Stan- 
hope  (Lord    Mahon    till    1786) 
1784:   6374,   6437.     1785:   6810. 
1786:  6960.    1789:  7539-    1790: 
7628,    7629,    7632,    7639-     1791: 
7824,  7889,  7895.    1792:  81 10 
STANHOPE,  Elizabeth  (nee  Faulkner), 

Hon.  Mrs.    1790:  7746 
STANHOPE,  Col.  (?  Hon.  Henry  Fitz- 

roy  Stanhope)    1790:  7746 
STANISLAUS    II   of   Poland.     1785: 
6917.     1791:  7827,  7852.     1792 
8124 


^  Date  uncertain. 

^  M.P.  Oxfordshire.    And/or  his  brother,  Lord  Robert,  M.P.  Oxford. 

1026 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


STAUNTON,    Sir    George    Leonard, 

Bart.,  F.R.S.    1792:  8121 
STEELE,  Thomas    1785:  6797,  6810. 

1786:   6940.     1787:   7130,   7145, 

7154,    7168.     1790:    7623,    7682. 

1791:7871 
STEPNEY,  Thomas  (9th  Bart.  181 1- 

25)    1791:7977 
STERN,  Laurence   1790:  7721 
STEVENSON,  Dorothy   1787:  7192 
STEVENSON,  Mr.    1788:  7422 
STIRLING,  Sir  James,  Bart.     1792: 

8118 
STOCK,  Mr.    1786:  6940 
STOCKDALE,  John  1784: 6609.  1788: 

7271 
STONE,  Mr.    1789:  7495 
STONEY,     Andrew    Robinson,    see 

BOWES 

STORMONT,  David  Murray,  7th  Vis- 
count (2nd  Earl  of  Mansfield 
1793-6)  1784:  6372,  6424,  6450, 
6485,  6627,  6637.  1785:  6792, 
6795,  6796,  6802.  1788:  7323, 
7330,  7342.  1789:  7508,  7509- 
1 790 :  7623 ,  7649.    1791:  7837 

STRATHMORE,  John  Lyon,  loth  Earl 
of  1786:  701 1,  7013.  1790:  7741. 
1792:  8i68 

STRATHMORE,  Mary  Eleanor  (Bowes) 
Countess  of  1786:  701 1,  7012, 
7013,  7083.    1790:  7741 

STRUENZEE,  John  Frederick,  Count 
1789:7588.    1790:7721 

STUART,  James  1789:  751 1,  7513, 
7515,  7518,  7519 

STURT,  Mrs.    1792:  8166 

SURREY,  Earl  of,  see  Norfolk,  nth 
Duke  of 

SWAINSON,  Isaac    1789:  7592 

SWIFT,  Theophilus    1789:  7542 

SYDNEY,  Thomas  Townshend, 
Baron  (cr.  1783,  ist  Viscount 
1789)  1784:  6375,  6404,  6419, 
6640,  6681.  1785:  6796,  6797, 
6810.  1786:  6945.  1787:  7149, 
7152,  7168.  1788:  7303,  7304, 
7308,  7310,  7320,  7324,  732s,  7330, 
7388,  7393.  1789:  7474,  7482, 
7482  A,  7496,7505,7512.  1790:7640 

SYKES,  Francis  William,  ist  Bart, 
(cr.  1781)   1790:  7696 


TALLEYRAND   -   PERIGORD,       Charlcs 

Maurice   de.   Bishop   of  Autun 

1792:  8088 
TANDY,  Napper   1790:  7664 
TARLETON,    Lt.-Col.    Banastre  (cr. 

Bart.    1815)     1784:   6451,   6660. 

1788:  7333'    1789:  7542.    1790: 

7622.    1791:  7850 
TAYLOR,  Clement    1784:  6431 
TAYLOR,  John  (author  of  Monsieur 

Tonson)    1786:  7059 
TAYLOR,  Mr.  John  ('Doctor  John') 

1791:7987,7988,7989 
TAYLOR,    Michael    Angelo      1785: 
6777,    6797,   6810.     1787:    7130, 
7139.     1788:  7308.     1789:  7493. 
1790:  7682.     1791:  7821.     1792: 
8069,  8076,  81 15,  8147 
TAYLOR,  Quartermaster   1788:  7416 
TAYLOR,  William    1791:  8010 
TEMPLE,  2nd  Earl,  see  Buckingham 
TENDUCCi,  Giusto  Ferdinando.  Ad- 
denda: 8268 
TETHERINGTON,    Mr.     1790:   7747, 

7789.    1791:7914 

THEODORE,  Mme   1791:  8008 

THICKNESSE,  Mrs.  Ann  {nie  Ford) 
1790:  7721,  7724 

THICKNESSE,  Lady  Elizabeth 
(Touchet)    1789:7588 

THICKNESSE,  Philip  1789:  7588 
1790:  7654,  7721,  7722,  7722  a, 
7723,  7724,  7725 

THICKNESSE,  Philip  (jun.)  1790: 
7721 

THOMPSON  (Alderman  of  Rochester) 
1789:7521,7552 

THOMSON,  James  (grocer)  1784: 
6690 

THORN,  Dr.  William  (professor) 
1786:  7027 

THORNHILL,  Cudbert    1792:  8162 

THRALE,  Henry    1788:  7417 

THRALE,  Mrs.,  see  Piozzi 

THURLOW,  Edward,  Baron  (Lord 
Chancellor)  1784:  6378,  6385, 
6386,  6387,  6404,  6415,  6418,  6419, 
6438,  6457,  6461,  6466,  6469,  6474, 
6486,  6515,  6571,  6587,  6603,  6632, 
6644,  6663.  1785:  6771,  6787, 
6797,  6808,  6810.  1787:  7136, 
7139,  7149,  7163,  7164,  7167,  7168, 


'  Date  uncertain. 


1027 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


7170.     1788:    7261,    7264,    7267, 
7271, 7268,1  ^269,  7272,  7273,  7275, 
7277,  7278,  7285,  7286,  7288,  7289, 
7295,  7297,  7299,  7301  (i),  7304, 
7305,  7310,  7311,  7312,  7319,  7320, 
7321,  7324,  7325,  7326,  7329,  7330, 
7334,  7359  (6),  7377,  7393,  7398. 
1789:  7474,  7475,  7477,  7479,  7482, 
7482  A,    7488,    7489,    7496,    7498, 
7500,  7502,  7505,  7506,  7507,  7512, 
7516,  7517,  7S20,  7527,  7539,  7540, 
7554.     1790:    7623,    7626,    7633, 
7634,7640,7653,7682,7721.  1791: 
7841,  7844,  7849,  7851,  7852,  7871, 
7879,7920,7935,7937,8010.  1792: 
8060, 8090, 8096, 8097,  8098, 8104, 
8105,  8111,  8164 
THURLOW,  Thomas,  Bishop  of  Lin- 
coln,    1 779-1 787,    of    Durham, 
1787-91   1788:7261.   1791:7987, 
7988 
TICKELL,  Richard    1786:  7009 
TIERNEY,  George    1790:  7682 
TIPU,  Suhan  of  Mysore   1791 :  7904, 
7928,   7929,   7932,   7939.     1792: 
8059,  8090,  8093,  8094 
TIRETTA,  Edward    1792:  8162 
TOFTS  (or  toft),  Mary   1784:  6652 
TOMLINE,  Bishop,  see  pretyman 
TOOKE  (Rev.)  John  Home     1788: 
7371.     1789:  7499.     1790:  7652, 
7654,  7658,  7588,  7659,  7685,  7691. 
1791:  7825,  782s  A,  7892,  7894 
TOPHAM,  Edward    1785:  6840,  6853, 
6854,   6855.     1786:    6943,   6999, 
7058,   7060.     1787:   7210,   721 I, 
7212,    7213.     1788:    7330,    7369, 
7371,7425.   1789:7477,7537,7602. 
1791:  7878.   Addenda:  8279 
TOPLADY,      Augustus      Montague 

(Rev.)    1784:6677 
TOWERS,  Joseph   1790:7630.    1791: 

7890,  7900 
TOWNSHEND,  George,  4th  Viscount 
Townshend  (cr.   Marquis  1786) 
1784:  6373,  6375,  6485 
TOWNSHEND,  Lady  John  (Georgiana 
Anne,  nee  Poyntz)    1786:  7005. 
1788:7347,7349 
TOWNSHEND,  Lord  John  (Hon.  John 
till    1786)     1786:    7005.     1788: 
7339,  7340,  7341,  7342,  7343,  7344, 
*  Date  uncertain. 


7346,  7347,  7348,  7349,  735o,  735 1, 
7352,  7353,  7354,  7354  A,  73S6, 
P-  515,  7357,  7359  (8),  7360,  7361, 
7363,  7364,  7366,  7367,  7368,  7370, 
7379.    1790:  7636,  7638,  7641 

TOWNSON,  John   1791 :  7834 

TRITTON,  John  Henton    1791 :  7945 

TROTMAN,  Fiennes    1784:  6485 

TROTTER,  Mr.    1790:  7746 

TUCKER,  Josiah,  Dean  of  Gloucester 
1784:  6419 

TURNER,  Sir  Barnard   1784:  6442 

TURNER,  Sir  Charles,  ist  Bart.  1784: 
6492 

TYLER,  Walter  (or  Wat)  1 784 :  6470. 
1789:  7492.  1791:  7890.  1792: 
8131 

TYRCONNEL,  Gcorgc  Carpenter,  5th 
Earl  of  1789:  7530.  1790:  7741. 
1791:7832.    1792:  8168 

TYRCONNEL,  Sarah  (Hussey),  Coun- 
tess of  1788:  7330,  7373.  1789: 
7530.  1790:  7633,  7741.  1791: 
7832.    1792:  8168 

TYSON,  Richard  (of  Bath)  1787: 
7229 

UPTON,  General   1792:  8178 

VAN  BUTCHELL,  Martin    1791 :  7930, 

7974,  8001 
VAN  DiEST,  Mrs.    1788:  7404 
VANHAGEN,    Thomas    (pastrycook) 

1792:  8161 
VANNECK,    Sir   George   (?   i.e.   Sir 

Gerard,  2nd  Bart.,  succ.   1777) 

1788:  7306 
VANNECK,  Miss  Gcrtrudc  (d.  of  Sir 

Joshua,   I  St  Bart.)     1786:  6961. 

1788:7306 
VANSITTART,   Gcorge    1787:  7130,^ 

7139 

VAUBAN,  Comte  de    1790:  7649 

VERRES,  Caius  1786:  6925.  1787: 
7138 

VESTRis  (or  Vestr'Allard),  Marie- 
Jean- Augustin    1791 :  8007 

VICTOR  AMADEUS  IH  of  Sardinia 
1786:  6917 

VOLTAIRE,     Fran9ois-Marie-Arouet 
de  1789:7550 
*  As  one  of  the  'Bengal  Squad'. 


1028 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


WADE,  Catherine   1786:  6941,  6942 
WALDEGRAVE,     the    Ladics    (Lady 

Anne   Horatia,    Lady    Charlotte 

Horatia,  Lady  Elizabeth  Laura) 

1784:  6493 
WALES,  Prince  of,  see  George,  Prince 

of  Wales 
WALFORD,  Mrs.    1789:  7575 
WALLACE,  Eglantine  {n^e  Maxwell), 

Lady    1788:7405 
WALLACE,  Sir  James    1787:  7194 
WALPOLE,  Polly   1785:  6822 
WALPOLE,  Sir  Robert    1788:  7279, 

7310.    1789:7545.    1791:7822 
WALSH,  Mrs.    1792:  8178 

WARD,  see  WARR 

WARD,  Joseph  (pugilist)    1790:  7646 
WARR    (or    ward),    Bill    (pugilist) 

1789:  7542,  7602 
WARREN,   John,    D.D.,    Bishop   of 

Bangor    1789:  7508 
WARREN,  Richard,  M.D.   1791 :  7835 
WATSON,  Miss   1784:  6680 
WATSON,     Brook    (Alderman,     cr. 

Bart.  1803)    1786:  6965.     1787: 

7130,    7149,    7183.     1788:    7392. 

1789:  7482,  7482  A,  7495.    1790: 

7623,  7676,  7680,  7681,  7682,  7749. 

1791:7821,7871,7872,7885.  1792: 

8059,8076.   Addenda:  8266 
WATSON,  Richard,  Bishop  of  Llan- 

daff     1784:    6518.     1787:   7147. 

1788:  7419.    1789:  7508.    1790: 

7628 
WEBB,    Mrs.,    nee    Child   (actress) 

1786: 7057 
WEBSTER,  Alexander,  D.D.     1785: 

6842 
WEDGWOOD,  Josiah  1787: 7140,  7141 

WEICHSEL,  Elizabeth,  ^e^BILLINGTON 

WELLS,  Mrs.  Mary  {nee  Davies, 
afterwards  Mrs.  Sumbel)  1785: 
6840,  6854,  6855.  1786:  6999, 
7058,  7060.  1787:  7211,  7213. 
1789:7537.  Addenda:  Szy 9 
WELTJE,  Charles  1784:  6453 
WELTJE,  Louis  1786:  6924,  6930, 
6932,  6937,  6941,  6943,  6961,  6967, 
6968,  6970,  6974,  6980,  6989. 
1787:  7127,  7132,  7143,  7201. 
1788:  7381.  1789:  7493,  7509, 
75",  7515,  7517,  7519,  7526,  7534. 
1791:  7840,  7920 


WENTWORTH,  Mrs.    1785:  6824 
WESLEY,  John     1784:  6677.     1788: 

7347,7348.    1791:7899 
WEST,   Benjamin,   R.A.  (works  of) 

1789:  7584 
WESTON,  Thomas    1786:  7053 
WHALEY,  Thomas    1789:  7568 
WHARTON,  Mrs.    1790:  7746 
WHARTON,  Juliet   1784:  6681 
WHEELER,     Peter    (grocer)      1789: 

7596,  7597,  7598 
WHITE  CROW,  the,  see  corbyn 
WHITBREAD,  Samucl    1792:  8087 
WHITEFIELD,  Gcorgc    1784:  p.  152 
WHITEFOORD,  Caleb    1792:  8169 
WHYTE,J.  F.  X.    1789:7550.   1790: 

7685 
wiLBERFORCE,  William    1784:  6664. 

1785:  6801.    1791:7848 
WILD,  Jonathan    1784: 6470 
WILHELMINA     (of     Hohenzollem) 
Princess  of  Orange    1787:  7178, 
7181 
WILHELMINA,  Princcss,  of  Hohen- 
zollem (afterwards  Queen  of  the 
Netherlands)   1791:7903 
WILKES,    John     1784:   6442,    6461, 
6471,    6485,    6550,    6568,    6568  A, 
6569,    6571,    6584,    6601,    6631. 
1785:   6780,   6813.     1786:  6988. 
1787: 7130,  7132,  7135,  7136,  7139, 
7149,    7182,    7183.     1788:   7303, 
7319,  7320,  7330,  p.   S^Sy  7392, 
7393.     1789:  7482,  7282  A,  7489. 
1790:    7623,    7680,    7681,    7682. 
Addenda:  8245,  8266 
WILKINS,     Dr.    (of    Malmesbury) 

1792:  8063 
WILLES,  Edward    1785:  6852 
WILLIAM    III,    of   England     1784: 
6427.      1791:    7824.      Addenda: 
8281 
WILLIAM  V  OF  ORANGE,  Stadholdcr 
of  the  United  Provinces    1785: 
6917.   1787:7134,7171,7172,7181 
WILLIAM,  Prince  of  Orange  (Wil- 
liam I  of  The  Netherlands  1815- 
30,  of  Holland  1830-40)    1791: 

7903 
WILLIAM  FREDERICK,  Prince  (Dukc 

of  Gloucester    1805-34)     1788: 

7266 
WILLIAM  HENRY,  Princc  (Duke  of 


1029 


INDEX    OF    PERSONS 


Clarence  from  1789,  afterwards 

William  IV)    1787:  7121.    1788: 

7260,7263.  1788:7301(11).  1789: 

7534,    7542,    7633.     1790:    7698. 

1791 :  7835, 7850, 7907, 7908, 7909, 

7910,  791 1,  7912,  7920,  7925,  7934, 

7935,7964.  1792:8057,8073,8095 
WILLIAMS,  Helen  Maria  1790:  7685 
WILLIAMS,   Renwick     1790:    7648, 

7726,  7727,  7728,  7729,  7730,  7731, 

7732,  7733 
WILLIAMS- WYNN,   Sir  Watkin,  4th 

Bart.     1786:  7068,  7069.     1787: 

7163. 
WILLIAMS-WYNN,   Sir  Watkin,  5th 

Bart.    1792:8157,8158 
WILLIAMSON,  John    1792:  8162 
WILLIAMSON,  Peter    1791:  7978 
WILLIS,  (Rev.)  Francis,  M.D.  1788: 

7394.  1789:7490,7496,7514,7519 
WILSON,  Christopher,  D.D.,  Bishop 

of  Bristol    1789:  7508 
WILSON,  Richard    1789:  7572 
WINCHELSEA,    George    Finch,    9th 

Earl  of,  1789:  7532,  7533,  7534 
WINDHAM,   William     1788:   7268,' 

7285,  7323,  7342.    1790:  7636 
WINDSOR,   Mrs.  ('Mother')     1784: 

6547,    6616,    6682.      1788:    7356. 

1790:  7636 
WOLCOT,  John  (Peter  Pindar)   1 787 : 

7150,   7188.     1788:   7399,   7432, 

7433.     1789:  7586,  7587.     1792: 

8155,  8156. 
WOLCOT,  Works  by,  &c.   1 786 :  705 1 . 

1787:  7163.    1788:  7431.    1791: 

8003.   Addenda:  8278 


WOLLS,  J.    1787:  7150 

WOLSEY,  Thomas,  Cardinal    1789: 

7520 
WOOD,  Mrs.  Ann    1786:  7006 
WOODFALL,  William    1784:  6369  (6) 
wooDLEY,  Miss    1784:  6664 
WOODWARD,    Richard,    Bishop    of 

Cloyne    1787:  7161 
WORSLEY,   Sir  Richard,  7th  Bart., 

F.R.S.,  F.S.A.    1790:  7682 
'wousKi'    1788:7260.    1791:7926 
WRAY,  Sir  Cecil,  13th  Bart.    1784: 
6475,  6491,  6492,  6502,  6504,  6505, 
6510,  6511,  6513,  6525,  6526,  6532, 
6536,  6537,  6540,   p.    104,  6544, 
6545,   p.    "3,  6557,  6561,  6562, 
6572,  6573,  6574,  6576,  6578,  6582, 
6586,  6588,  6589,  6590,  6591,  6592, 
6593,  6594,  6596,  6611,  6619,  6621, 
6625.    1785:   6783,   6882.     1788: 
7339.    1791:7892,7894 
WRIGHT,  Sir  Sampson    1788:  7353. 

1790:  7648 
WYATT,  James    1791:  8017 
WYNN,  Sir  W.  W.,  see  williams- 

WYNN 

YELDELL,  Dr.    1790:  7748 
YETTS,  William   1786:  7024 
YONGE  (Elizabeth,  n^e  Cleeve),  Lady 

1788:7330.    1792:8165 
YONGE,  Sir  George,  K.B.,  5th  Bart. 

1788:   7318,   7330.     1789:  7506. 

1792:8165 
YORK,    Duke    of,    see    Frederick 

AUGUSTUS 

YOUNG,  Miss  Diana    1786:  7017 


*  Date  uncertain. 


1030 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


For  portraits  where  the  title  is  the  name  of  the  subject  see  Index  of  Persons 

Words  in  which  letters  are  supplied  by  asterisks^  etc.  are  given  in  full. 

An  asterisk  denotes  a  foreign  print. 


ABOLITION  OF  THE  SLAVE  TRADE,  THE 
8079 

absent  man,  the    82 1 2 
accomodating    spouse;    tyrcon- 
nel's  delight!  ...    7530 

ACCUSING  SPIRIT  (THE)  WHICH  FLEW 

UP  TO  heaven's  chancery  with 

THE  OATH  BLUSHED  AS  HE  GAVE  IT 
IN  .  .  .      8014 
ACTOR  OF   QUICK    CONCEPTIONS,   AN 

7714 

ADVENTURE  OF  PRINCE  PRETTY  MAN, 
THE      6468 

ADVICE  TO  THE  ELECTORS  OF  WEST- 
MINSTER,   OR   THE   CASE   AS    IT    IS 

7655 

AEROSTATION  OUT  AT  ELBOWS — OR 
THE  ITINERANT  AERONAUT      6858 

AGUE  &  FEVER      7448 

AHITOPHEL  IN  THE  DUMPS      6804 

AIR  BALLOON,  THE      6708 

ALBION  MILLS  ON  FIRE,  THE      8020 

ALDERMEN  (THE)  COMMON  COUNCIL 
&C  OF  BOSTON  .  .  .  RECEIVING  THE 
NEWS  OF  THEIR  PETITION  .  .  . 
7693  A 

ALDERMEN  (THE)  COMMON  COUNCIL 
&C.  OF  BOSTON  .  .  .  SIGNING  THE 
PETITION  .  .  .      7693 

ALECTO  AND  HER  TRAIN,  AT  THE  GATE 
OF  PAND/EMONIUM;  —  or  —  THE 
RECRUITING  SERJEANT  ENLISTING 
JOHN  BULL,  INTO  THE  REVOLUTION 
SERVICE      7889 

ALEXANDER  THE  GREAT  CONQUERING 
ALL  THE  WORLD      7275 

ALL  FOR  LOVE      69 30 

ALL  HAIL  DALBLAIR!  .  .  .      703I 

ALL  ON  FIRE — OR  THE  DOCTORS  DIS- 
APPOINTED     6703 

AMBASSADORS  EXTRAORDINARY  RE- 
TURN, THE,  OR  BULLS  WITHOUT 
HORNS      7519 

ambitio    6395 


AMOROUS  IRISH  BARRISTER,  AN  .   .   . 

8005 
AMOROUS  MARGRAVE,  THE,  AND  THE 

TITLED  WANDERER      7960 
AMPHITHEATRICAL    ATTACK    ON    THE 

BASTILE,  AN      75 6 1 
AMSTERDAM    IN    A    DAM'd    PREDICA- 
MENT .  .  .      7181 
AMUSEMENT  FOR  JOHN  BULL  OR  THE 

FLYING  CAMP      8116 
ANACREONTIC    PETITION   AND   SONG, 

THE      8047 
ANCIENT  &  MODERN  PYRAMIDS  7250 
ANCIENT  MUSIC      7 1 63 
AND  NOW  HIS  LIFTED  EYES  THE  CIEL- 

LING  SOUGHT  .  .  .      8282 
ANDREW  ROBINSON  BOWES  ESQ  .  .  .  IN 

THE  COURT  OF  KING's  BENCH    70 1 2 

anecdote  magonnique    70 1 0 
"angel,  (an)  gliding  on  a  sunbeam 

INTO     PARADICE"     MILTON      7906 
ANGELIC   CHILD    PRESENTED   TO   THE 

QUEEN  OF  GOLCONDA,  THE      7826 
ANIMAL  MAGNETISM  ON  AN  IMPROV'D 

METHOD     OR     COUNT     FIG     IN     A 

TRANCE      7597 
ANTICIPATION      6407 
ANTICIPATION  OF  AN  INTENDED  EX- 
HIBITION .  .  .      6667 
ANTICIPATION,  OR  THE  APPROACHING 

FATE  OF  THE  FRENCH  COMMERCIAL 

TREATY      7128 
ANTI-PATRIOT,     THE:     A     SATYRICAL 

POEM      6808 
ANTIQUARIAN  CLUB,  AN      746 1 
ANTIQUARIAN  DOCTORS  IN  A  BROWN 

STUDY      7462 
ANTIQUARIAN  MASTIFF,  THE     5757 
ANTIQUARIAN  PRESIDENT,  AN      7470 
ANTIQUARIANS  PEEPING  INTO  BOADI- 

CIA's  NIGHT  COVER     4773 
ANTIQUARIANS  PUZZLED,  THE      7469 
ANTIQUITIES     OF    MALMSBURY,     THE 

8063 


103 1 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


ANTI-SACCHARRITES,— OR— JOHN  BULL 

AND     HIS     FAMILY     LEAVING     OFF 

SUGAR      8074 
ANY-BAD-SHILLINGS !      6499 
APOSTATE  JACK  ROBINSON  (THE),  THE 

POLITICAL  RAT  CATCHER — NB.  RATS 

TAKEN  alive!      643 1 
APOTHEOSIS   OF  THE  DUTCHESS,   THE 

6597 
APRIL  FOOL,  THE,  OR  THE  FOLLIES  OF 

A  NIGHT      6937 
ARGUMENT  AGAINST  FEELING      68 1 8 
ARISTOCRATIC      CRUSADE,      THE,     OR 

CHIVALRY  REVIVED  BY  DON  QUIXOTE 

DE  ST.  OMER  &  HIS  FRIEND  SANCHO 

7824 

arming  in  defence  of  the  french 
princes  or  the  parting  of  hector 
and  andromache    8084 

arming  john  bull  to  fight  the 
bugaboos!!!    7666 

ARMS  &  TROPHIES  (THE)  OF  THE 
WESTMINSTER  CANDIDATES      7346 

ARTILLERY  DRIVER,  THE      8233 

ASSASSINATION      7668 

ASSERTAINING  THE  VALUE  OF  THE 
CONVENTION  .  .  .      782 1 

AT  CHURCH      7966 

AT  THE  OPERA      7967 

ATLAS  OF  THE  LANDED  INTEREST,  THE 

6413 
AUNTEE  PEG      7986 
AUSPICIUM  MELIORIS  AEVI      7282 
AUSTRIAN    BUGABOO,    FUNKING    THE 

FRENCH  ARMY      8086 
AVITO  FRONDET  HONORE      68 1 6 
BABES  IN  THE  WOOD,  THE,  OR  COALI- 
TION RONDEAU      6628 
BACCHANELS  OR  THE  FRIENLY  DROP 
6506 

bachelors'  hall    8025 
back  stairs  statesmen — in  con- 
sultation with  ministry    6385 
back  view  of  the  cape,  a    8190 
bad  archer,  the    8035 
bad  memory,  an  imperfect  work 

7327 

BAD  NEWS  OR  AN  ACCOUNT  OF  THE 
BATTLE  OF  TOURNAY  AND  MONS 
JUST  ARRIV'd  among  the  DEMO- 
CRATS AT  PARIS      8 1 00 

baker's  glory,  the,  or,  the  CON- 
FLAGRATION     8023 


BALANCE  OF  POWER,  THE — OR —  THE 
POSTERITY  OF  THE  IMMORTAL 
CHATHAM,         TURN'D         POSTURE 

master'*    7846 
bandelures    7829 

BANK,  THE      8204 

BANK  TRANSFER,  OR,  A  NEW  WAY  OF 
SUPPORTING  PUBLIC  CREDIT     7838 

BAN-YAN  DAY  ON  BOARD  THE  MAGNI- 
FICENT; OR  PEASE  PUDDING  HOT 
FROM  THE  coppers!      7547 

BARATARIA      75 1 7 

BARBARITIES  IN  THE  V^ST  INDIAS 
7848 

barber's  shop,  a    6882 

barber's  WEDDING,  THE      8027 
BARDOLPH  BADGER'd   OR  THE  PORT- 
LAND HUNT      7837 
BARON,  THE      6836 
BATTLE  FOR  THE  ROLLS  AND  BUTTER,  A 

7334 
BATTLE  OF  BOW-STREET,  THE      7353 
BATTLE  OF  HASTINGS,  THE      7 1 39 
BATTLE  OF  ST.  STEPHENS,  THE      7477 
BATTLE  OF  THE  BALLOONS,  THE     6709 
BATTLE  OF  THE  CLUBS,  THE,  OR  THE 

GAME    OF    BEAT    KNAVE    OUT    OF 

DOORS      8144 
BATTLE  OF  THE  VmiGS,  THE,  OR,  THE 

MEAL-TUB  PLOT  DISCOVERED     7854 
BATTLE  OF  UMBRELLAS,  THE      6743 
BATTLE  ROYAL,  THE,  OR  WHO  WEARS 

THE  BREECHES      6375 
BATTLE    ROYAL    BETWEEN    THE    PRIG 

MAJOR  AND  BIG  BESS,  THE  7263 
BAWD  ON  HER  LAST  LEGS,  A  8 1 97 
BEAST  OF  PREY,  A  TALLY  .  .  .  TALLY 

...  HO      6388 
BEATRICE    FISHING    FOR    A    CORONET 

7735 
[beau,  a]    7790 

BEAU  1700  (a),  a  beau  I79I   8044 
[beauties  OF  FOX,  NORTH  AND  BURKE, 

frontispiece  to  the,]    6393 
[bedroom  scene]    7450 
beef  eater,  a    8 1 94 
before  marriage  after  marriage 

7617 
BEHOLD,  HE  PRAYETH      75  20 
BEHOLD  THE  MAN!      6608 
BELLE  ASSEMBL^E,  LA      72 1 8 
BELZEBUB    TURND    MODDELER    OR    A 

DESIGN  FOR  A  STATESMAN      6430 


1032 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


BENGAL  LEVEE,  THE      8 1 62 

BETHNAL  GREEN      8208 

BETTY  CANNING  REVIVED : — OR — ^A 
PEEP  AT  THE  CONJURATION  OF 
MARY  SQUIRES  .  .  .      7982 

BIG  CITY  (the)  delivering  THE 
PREMATURE  ADDRESS,  OR,  THE 
PATRONISERS  of  the  fine  ARTS 
LOYALLY  embellishing  THE  BARE 
CONVENTION      768 1 

BIG  SAM,  THE  PRINCE'S  PORTER  IN 
CYMON      8179 

BILLIARDS      7243 

BILLINGSGATE     6725 

BILLY  BUDGET  AND  HIS  PACK  HUNT- 
ING DOV^nST  SHOP-KEEPERS  AND 
SERVANT-MAIDS      6797 

BILLY  LACKBEARD  AND  CHARLEY 
BLACKBEARD  PLAYING  AT  FOOT- 
BALL     6406 

BILLY  THE  BAMBOOZLER  ROBBING  THE 
COBLER      7481 

BILLYHS  BLOSSOMS      7480 

billy's  gouty  VISIT,  OR  A  PEEP  AT 
HAMMERSMITH      7545 

BIOGRAPHERS,  THE      7052 

BIRMINGHAM  MOSES,  THE      7209 

BIRMINGHAM  STIRLING      8 1 82 

BIRMINGHAM  TOAST,  A,  .  .  .      7894 

BISHOP  OF  A  tun's  BREECHES ; — OR — 
THE  FLAMING  EVEQUE,  PURIFYING 
THE  HOUSE  OF  OFFICE!      8088 

BISHOPRIC,  THE      7224 

BIT  OF  BLOOD,  A      7233 

BLACK  carlo's  WHITE  BUST,  OR,  THE 

party's  plenipo  in  Catherine's 

CLOSET     7902 
BLACK  JOKE,  A      7673 
BLACK-BEARD  GOING  TO  COVER     6645 
BLACK-DICK  TURN'd  TAYLOR      7262 
BLIND  BEGGARS  HATS,  THE     6739 
BLOOD,  A      7788 
BLOOD   &  CO,  SETTING  FIRE  TO  THE 

TOWER,    &   STEALING   THE   CROWN 

7354 
BLOOD    ON   THUNDER   FORDING    THE 

RED  SEA      7278 
BLOW  UP  AT  breakfast!,  A      8092 

blue  &  buf  loyalty    7394 

blue  and  buff    7368 

blue  &  buff  squad  or  the  election 

contest,   with  the  ass   in  a 

lyon's  skin    7351 


BOARD  OF  CONTROUL,  THE,  OR,  THE 
BLESSINGS  OF  A  SCOTCH  DICTATOR 

7152 
BOB  FOSTER  (2)   6834,  6835 
BOBADIL  DISGRACED  OR  KATE  IN  A 

RAGE   8124 
BOBADIL  KING  OF  CLUBS   6977 

*B0ITE  k  PANDORE,  LA  See  Under  7931 
bologna-sausages,  or  opposition 
flux'd    7381 

*BON    AVERTI    (UN)    EN    VAUT    DEUX 

7694 
BON  FIRE  FOR  THE  POOR,  A,  OR  THE 

SHAME  OF  ALBION  EXPOSED      802I 
BONE  OF  CONTENTION      763 1  [l] 
BOOKSELLER  &  AUTHOR      6722 
BOREAS  BLUBBER;  A  DISCARDED  LILLI- 
PUTIAN MINISTER      7875 
BORING  A  SECRET  OF  STATE      6796 
BOSOM  FRIENDS,  THE      7112 
BOSTONIAN   ELECTORS    OF   LINCOLN- 
SHIRE     7692 

[boswell  and  the  ghost  of  John- 
son]   8281 
bottom  snout  &  quince    6534 
bottomless-pitt,  the    8070 
bow  to  the  throne,  the, — ^alias — 

the  begging  bow    73 1 2 
box  lobby  hero,  a  .  .  .    7064 
box-lobby  loungers    8254 
boxing  made  easy  or  humphreys 
giving  a  lesson  to  a  lover  of 
the  polite  arts    7426 

boys'  play,   or,   the  RUSSIAN  BEAR 

BAIT    7852 
BOZZY     MADAME  PIOZZI      7051 
BRAIN-SUCKER  (THE),  OR  THE  MISERIES 

OF  AUTHORSHIP      8262 
BRAVURA   AT   THE   HANOVER   SQUARE 

CONCERT,  A      8268 
BREAKFAST  AT  BRETEUIL      8272 
BREAST- WORK,  OR  FEMALE  FORTIFICA- 
TION     7103 

brentford  race  for  the  middlesex 
septennial  plate,  the    6550 

brighton  stud,  the    6970 

brighton  taylor  leaving  his  last 
place  of  residence,  the      7076 

Britain's  hope,  or  the  political 
nobodies    6458 

britannia    8045 

Britannia's  support  or  the  con- 
spirators DEFEATED     7503 


1033 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


BRITTANNIA  ROUSED,  OR  THE  COALI- 
TION MONSTERS  DESTROYED      6403 

BRITISH  ANTIQUARIAN,  THE      7582 

BRITISH  BALLOON,  AND  DEVONSHIRE 
AERIAL  YACHT      6668 

BRITISH  LIBERTY  EXEMPLIFIED  IN  THE 
CASE  OF  MAJOR  SCOT      7015 

BRITISH  MINISTER  WORSHIPPING  THE 
MERIDIAN  SUN      6964 

BRITISH  tar's  laughing  STOCK,  THE, 
OR  THE  ROYAL  QUIXOTE      7660 

BRITISH  TITANS,  THE      64 1 9 

BROKEN  BRIDGE  OF  ADMINISTRATION, 
THE      6376 

BROUGHT  TO  TROUBLE  &  WOE,  BY 
CARDS,  DICE,  AND  E.O.      7820 

BRUNSWICK  triumphant!  OR — THE 
BATTLE  OF  THE  BLOOD'S, — PURE,  & 
UNCONTAMINATED      75  3 1 

BUBBLES  OF  OPPOSITION      7342 

BUCK, A      7787 

BUCK  OF  178 1,  A      8038 

BUCKS  HAVE  AT  YOU  ALL  OR  WHO*S 
AFRAID      7026 

BUDGET      8066 

bugaboo!!!,  a  8102 
bum  shop,  the  6874 

BUM-BAILIFF  OUTWITTED,  THE;  OR 
THE  CONVENIENCE  OF  FASHION 
7102 

BURGUNDY  MAd!      8180 

BURKE  ON  THE  SUBLIME  &  BEAUTIFUL 
6788 

[burke's  two  consciences]    7527 
butchers  of  freedom,  the    7352 
by  authority.  persons  and  pro- 
perty protected    6860 
caelum  ipsum  petimus  stultitia 

6702 
CALEB  CURIOUS      8 1 69 
CALEDONIAN  DUTCHMAN,  THE      6666 
CALL  OF  THE  HOUSE,  THE,  OR,  SLAVE 

TRADE  IN  A  LAND  OF  LIBERTY    8076 
CAMERA-OBSCURA  ...      73 1 4 
CAMP  SCENE,  A      6727 
[CAMPBELL'S  CONCERT]      7023 
CANTERBURY    TALE,    A    (2)      7375  A, 

7375  B 
CANVAS,     THE,     OR    REPRESENTATIVE 

SHADE      7339 
CAPTAIN      BOBADIL      AND      ANCIENT 

PISTOL      8134 
CAPT  EPILOGUE  (2)      685s,  7060 


CAPTAIN  GROSE  S  VISITING  CARD  .  .  . 

7472 
CARELESS  DRIVER,  THE      7365 
CARICATURERS  STOCK  IN  TRADE,  THE 

6931 
CARLO  KAN      6497 
CARLO  KHAN      6395  A 
CARLO  KHAN  DETHRON'd  OR  BILLY'S 

TRIUMPH      6462 
CARLO-KHAN  IN  LIMBO      6558 
CARLO     khan's     triumphal    ENTRY 

INTO  sT  Stephen's  chapel    6588 

CARLTON  HOUSE  IN  WANT  OF  NECES- 
SARY FURNITURE      7873 
CARLTON  HOUSE  LEVEE,  THE      6660 
CART  RACE,  A      7607 
CASE  IS  ALTERED,  THE      6562 
CASTING  UP  THE  POLL  AND  DECLAR- 
ING THE  MAJORITY,  BY  M^  REYNARD 
7366 
CATCH,  A      6912 
CATLAP  FOR  EVER,  OR  THE  SMUGGLER'S 

DOWNFAL      6634 
CAUTION  TO  THE  PUBLICK,  A      6729 

CELEBRATED  MADEMOISELLE  G M — 

RD     OR     GRIMHARD     FROM     PARIS 

7589 
CERBERUS,  THE      6393  C 
CERTAIN      DUTCHESS      KISSING      OLD 

SWELTER-IN-GREASE  THE  BUTCHER 

FOR  HIS  VOTE,  A      6533 

[chairing  of  FOX,  the]    6524 

CHAMBER  OF  COMMERCE,  OR  L'aSSEM- 
BLl^E  DES  NOT-ABLES  ANGLOIS  7140 

CHAMPION  OF  THE  PEOPLE,  THE    6444 

CHANCELLORS  TAUGHT  LAW,  &  BISHOPS 
DIVINITY      7539 

CHANGING  HORSES  NEAR  CLERMONT 
8273 

chaos  is  come  again !    8009 

charles  the  third,  king  of  all 
the  orkneys;  &  would  be,  mon- 
arch of  the  east  .  .  .    6622 

charles  the  third,  king  of  the 
beggars,  who  unfortunately 
lost  his  sight  at  the  battle  of 
leaden  hall    6460 

charley  die    6774 

Charley's  return  from  over  the 

WATER      7379 

charmers  of  the  age,  the    7056 
Charon's    boat  : — or — topham's 

TRIP,  WITH  hood  to  HELL   737 1 


1034 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


chatting    7036 

cheek  by  joul  or  the  mask    65 70 

[chess-players]    7400 

chevalier  humgruffier  and  the 
marquis  de  gull  making  an  ex- 
cursion to  the  moon  in  their 
new  aerial  vehicle    6707 

CHEYT  SING   IN  HIS  EASTERN  DRESS 

6979 
CHEYT-SYNGS  GHOST      73 1 5 
CHILDREN    OF    INDIA    WORSHIPPING 

THE  GOLDEN  CALF,  THE      73 1 9 
CHOICE  SPIRIT,  A      7786 
CHRISTIAN  AMAZON,  THE,  WITH  HER 

INVISIBLE  TARGET      7 1 80 
CHRISTMAS  IN  THE  COUNTRY      8018 
CHURCH  MILITANT,  THE      66 1 0 
CHUTE  DU  DESPOTISME,  LA      75  50 
CICERO  AGAINST  VERRES      7 1 3  8 
CICERO  IN  CATILINAM      6784 
CICERONIAN  ATTITUDE,  A      7670 
CITIZEN  AT  VAUXHALL,  THE      6741 
CITY  CHAMPION,  THE,  OR  THE  GUILD- 
HALL MERRY  UPROAR      68 1 3 
CITY     COLLECTORS     RECEIVING     THE 

SHOP  TAX,  THE      68 1 4 
CITY  COURTSHIP      7094 
CITY  FOULERS. — MARk!      6883 

city  horsemanship  or  procession 

to  st.  paul's    7524 
city  malitia  marching    7458 
[city  militia]    7612 
city  trained  bands    76 1 3 
civil  war,  or  lord  lunatic  en- 
couraging the  hollanders  to 
knock  down  the  orange  party 

7134 

CLERICAL  EXERCISE,  THE      803I 

—  COACHES      7324 

COALITION  A  LA  FRANCOISE,  OR  THE 
FRENCH  HUGGERS      8 1 1 9 

COALITION  ARMS      644 1 

COALITION  BALLOON,  1 784,  THE 
6399 

COALITION  CANDIDATES  RECEIVING 
THE  FREE  SUFFRAGES  OF  THE  ELEC- 
TORS, THE      7652 

COALITION  IN  THE  BILBOES  OR  THE 
SUFFERINGS  OF  THE  BLUE  &  BUFF, 
FOR  GOING  OUT  OF  THEIR  PROPER 
TRACK      8099 

COALITION  PARTY  BEATING  UP  FOR 
RECRUITS,  THE     6484 


[cobbler    turned    PREACHER,    THE] 

8026 
COCHON  ET  SES  DEUX  PETITS,  LE  .  .  . 

8159 
COCK  AND  HEN  POUTERS      7249 
COCK  OF  THE  ROCK,  THE      7018 
COCK  OF  THE  ROCK  ON  HIS  CHARGER, 

THE,  .  .  .      7622 

cock  of  the  walk,  the,  distribu- 
ting his  favours    6961 

cock  pitt  royal,  the    646 1 

[cock-fighting  match  between 
lanark  and  haddington]    6848 

cold  broth  &  calamity    8 1 96 

[colonel  TOPHHAM  ENDEAVOURING 
WITH  HIS  SQUIRT  TO  EXTINGUISH 
THE  GENIUS  OF  HOLMAN]      6854 

COMEDY  SPECTATORS      7606 

COMET,  THE      7508 

COMFORT  &  RELIEF  OFTEN  FOUND 
IN  RELATING  ONE'S  COMPLAINTS 
7088 

COMFORT  IN  THE  GOUT      6866 

COMIC  MUSE  (the),  BY  GOLES!      77 1 7 

COMIC  READINGS      8278 

COMING  ON  OF  THE  MONSOONS,  THE; 
— OR — ^THE  RETREAT  FROM  SERING- 
APAM      7929 

COMMERCIAL  TREATY,  THE,  OR  JOHN 
BULL  CHANGING  BEEF  AND  PUD- 
DING FOR  FROGS  AND  SOUP  MAIGRE  ! 
6995 

[commiserating  epistle  to  lord 

lonsdale,  frontispiece  to]  8003 

commissioners  rellish  at  greasy 

HALL,  THE      7885 
COMMON  STAGE  (THE)  WAGGING  FROM 

BROOKES'S  INN      6939 
COMPETITORS,  THE      7382 
COMPULSIVE  WEDDING,  THE      7079 
CONCERTO  COALITIONALE      6795 
CONCERTO    COALITIONALE    &    INFER- 

NALE      6792  A 
conflagration!     or      THE    MERRY 

MEALMONGERS      8o22 
CONNOISSEUR  EXAMINING  A  COOPER, 

A      8107 

connoisseurs  (2)    6845,  747 1 
consolidation    of    duties,    ad- 
dressed to  john  bull    7 1 45 
constant  couple,  the    69 1 8 
♦constitution  d'angleterre  .  .  . 
see  under  7546 


1035 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


CONSTITUTIONAL  CLUB,  THE      7372 

CONTEMPLATION      6694 

CONTENTS     OF    THE    SNEEZING    BAG 

ANALYZED,  THE,  .  .  .      6426 
CONTEST  AT  AUCHINLECK,  THE      7049 
CONTEST     BETWEEN     ENGLAND     AND 

SPAIN  FOR  THE  DOMINION  OF  THE 

SEAS,  1790      7645 
CONTRAST  OF  TWO  CANDIDATES    73  50 
CONTRAST,     THE     (3)      73 1 1,     7460, 

8057 
CONTRAST,  THE,  OR   1 784  AND   1 785 

COMPARED      6807 
CONTRAST,  1792,  THE      8 1 49 
CONTRIBUTING  TO  THE  SINKING  FUND 

8078 
CONTROUL  AND  ADVICE,  A  SCENE  IN 

MIDAS  .  .  .      7498 
CONVENIENCE,  A      7438 
CONVENTION      7674  A 
CONVENTION,  OR  THE  OLIVE-BRANCH 

.  .  .      7674  A 
CONVENTION,  THE      7683 
CONVENTION  OF  ASSES  OR  SPIRIT  OF 

DEMOCRACY      8151 
CONVENTION   OF  THE   NOT-ABLES,   A 

7158 
CONVERSATION — DEMONSTRATION 

7205 

[convocation,  the]    8203 
cooling     the     brain, — or — ^the 
little  major,  shaving  the  shaver 

7529 
COPPER    PLATE    PRINTERS    AT    WORK 

6859 
CORONATION  IN  PALL  MALL,  A      7490 
CORPORATION     HOG's     JOURNEY     TO 

SMITHFIELD  IN  STILE,  THE      7738 
CORPORATION    OF    CONJURORS    IN    A 

JACK-ASS'S      HURRY      TO     ADDRESS 

7680 

corporation's  visit  to  their 
brethren  in  smithfield,  the,  .  .  . 
7739 

COTILLION,  A      7441 

COUNTRY  ATTORNEY   &  HIS  CLIENTS 

3766  (p.  276) 
COUNTRY  barber's  SHOP,  A      7603 

[country  church,  a]  7812 
country  club,  the  7452 
[country  dance]  7813 
country  doctor,  the,  or  farrier 
turned  tooth  drawer  8052 


COUNTRY  JUSTICE,  THE      6878 
COUNTRY  POLITICIANS,  THE      673O 
COUNTRY  RACE  COURSE  WITH  HORSES 

PREPARING  TO  START,  A      8255 
COUNTRY  RACE  COURSE  WITH  HORSES 

RUNNING,  A      8256 
COUNTRY  SIMPLICITY      826 1 
COUNTRY  THEATRE,  A      78 1 1 
COUNTRY  TOOTH-DRAWER,  THE    6759 
COUNTRYMANS  DREAM  OF  COALESCING 

VIRTUE  AND  VICE,  THE      6457 
COURT-CANDIDATE     IN     DISTRESS,     A 

p.  104 
COURT  CARDS  THE  BEST  TO  DEAL  WITH 

7264 
COURT  OF  KINGS  BENCH   IN  AN  UP- 
ROAR, THE      6850 
COURTSHIP      6695 
COURTSHIP  IN  HIGH  LIFE      6870 
COURTSHIP  IN  LOW  LIFE      687 1 
COURTSHIP    MATRIMONY      76 1 8 
COVENT  GARDEN  DELUGE,  THE      66 1 1 
COVENT    GARDEN   NIGHT   MARE,   THE 

6543 
COVENT    GARDEN    PANTOMIME,    THE, 
OR  THE  WESTMINSTER  CANDIDATES 

6545 
COVENT  GARDEN  THEATRE      7063 
COWARD,    COMFORTED,   THE, — OR — ^A 

SCENE    IMMEDIATELY    AFTER    THE 

DUEL      7535 
CRITIC,  THE,  OR  TRAGEDY  REHEARS'd 

7058 
CRITICAL  MOMENT,  THE,  OR  THE  LAST 

EFFORT  TO  SAVE  A  SINKING  BARK 

6806 
CROMWELL   Y^   2°   EXALTED  OR  THE 

POISON    BAG     OUTDONE    BY    THE 

HALTER      6432 
CROP  OF  1 79 1,  A      7999 
CROPP'd  loungers  in  BOND  S"^,  1 79 1 

8040 
CROPS  LAST  SHIFT,  THE     7998 
CULLY  PILLAG'd,  A      6867 

curate,  the  7777 

cut  and  come  again  7795 

cutter  cut  up,  the,  or  the  monster 

at  full  length  7725 
dagger  drawing  orator,  the  8 1 48 
dagger  scene,  the; — or — the  plot 

discover'd  8147 
damerian  apollo,  the  7585 

DAMM^      7955 


1036 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


DAMP  SHEETS      8032 

DANCE  ON  DUN-CAN,  THE      7046 

DANCING  DOGS,  THE,  AS  PERFORMED 

AT  SADLERS  WELLS  WITH  UNIVERSAL 

APPLAUSE      6636 
DANCING  MASTER  AND  HIS  PUPIL,  THE 

6751 
DARK    LANTHERN    BUSINESS    OR    MRS 

HOB  AND  NOB  ON  A  NIGHT  CANVASS 

WITH  A  BOSOM  FRIEND      p.  1 12 
DEAD.  POSITIVELY  DEAD      7377 
DEATH    AND    LIFE    CONTRASTED — OR, 

AN  ESSAY  ON  MAN    3792  (p.  21 5) 

[death  as  preacher]    8259 
death  too  many  for  the  doctor 

7609 
DISbARQUEMENT  DU  CHEV^  JOHN  BULL 

ET  DE  SA  FAMILLE  A  BOULOGNE  SUR 

MER,  LE      8189 
DECAYED  MACARONI,  THE,  ...      76 1 6 
DEDICATED  TO  THE  NEWLY  CREATED 

EARL  OF  LONSDALE      6579 
[deep  ONE,  a]      7791,  7792 
DEEP  ONE,  A,  AND  A  KNOWING  ONE 

8049 
DEFEAT    OF    THE    HIGH    &    MIGHTY 

BAILISSIMO  CORBETTINO  .  .  .,  THE 

6783 
DEFICIT,  LE      7376 
DEITIES   OF   THE   DAY,   THE,   OR  THE 

GODS  IN  THEIR  ALTITUDES      7393 
DELPINI  A  LA  ROSSI      6873 
DEMOCRAT,  A      p.  816 
DEMOSTHENEAN  ATTITUDE,  A      7644 
DEPARTURE,  THE      6563 
DERNIERE  RESSOURCE,  LA; — OR — ^VAN- 

BUCHELL'S  GARTERS      7974 
DESIGN   FOR   THE   NEW   GALLERY   OF 

BUSTS  AND  PICTURES      8072 
DEVIL  PAID  HIS  DUE,  THE      6440 
DEVIL  TO  PAY,  THE, — THE  WIFE  META- 

MORPHOS'd,  or  NEPTUNE  REPOSING 

after  fording  the  jordan    7908 

devonia,  the  beautiful  daughter 

of  love  &  liberty,  inviting  the 

sons  of  freedom  to  her  standard 

in  covent  garden    65  2 1 

devonshire  amusement,  the    6625 

devonshire  method  to  restore  a 

lost  member,  the    65  30 

DEVONSHIRE  MINUET  (THE),  DANCED 
TO  ANCIENT  BRITISH  MUSIC,  DURING 
THE  PRESENT  ELECTION      6541 


DEVONSHIRE,  THE,  OR  MOST  APPROVED 

METHOD  OF  SECURING  VOTES     65 20 
DEVONSHIRE  ROUT,  A,  OR  REYNARD  IN 

HIS  ELEMENT      6555 
DIALOGUE  IN  THE  SHADES,  BETWEEN 

LEOPOLD  II  .  .  .  AND  GUSTAVUS  III 

.  .  .      8101 
DIAMOND      EATERS      (THE),      HORRID 

monsters!    7288 
diamond  present,  the    698 1 
dicky  causway    7020 
dido  forsaken    7 1 65 
different  sensations    763 1 

DISAPPOINTED  CANDIDATE  (THE)  AND 

THE  TERRIFIED  PREMIER      p.  II3 
DISAPPOINTED      CANDIDATE      SOLUS, 

THE,!!!    6590 

DISAPPOINTMENT,  OR,  THE  KING'S 
EVIDENCE  TREATED  WITH  THE 
CAUTION  HE  DESERVES      7868 

DISCOMFITED  DUELLISTS,  THE      6738 

DISCOVERY,  THE      6465 

DISCUSSION,  A,  OR  THE  FAMILY  COM- 
PACT DISTURBED      7828 

DISH  OF  MUTTON  CHOP'S,  A      7286 

DISINHERITED  HEIR,  THE      78 1 5 

[DISSENTING  CONGREGATION,  A]  7637 

DISSOLUTION      6404 

DISSOLUTION,  THE,  OR  YOUNG  GROCER 
MAKING  PALATABLE  PUNCH  FOR 
HIS  COMPANY      6538 

DISTRESS'd  damsel  IN  A  HIGH  WIND, 
THE      71 10 

diversions  of  hatfield    8269 
dividend,  the,  or  half  a  crown  in 

the  pound    6409 
docter  phlogiston,  the  priestley 

politician    or   the   political 

priest!    7887 
doctor  barnacle  driving  a  load 

of  spittalfields  weavers  to  poll 

for  v^^stminster    6575 
d«  bossey.  and  the  people  taken 

from  the  life    8 1 83 
doctor    dismissing    death,    the 

7608 
D^  GRAHAM  LECTURING  IN  EDINBURGH 

6843 
DOCTOR  (the)  INDULGED  WITH  HIS 

FAVOURITE  SCENE   7690 
D^  JOHNSON  IN  HIS  TRAVELLING 

DRESS  .  .  .   7028 
DOCTOR  PLOT   7223 


1037 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


DOG,  THE     6746 

DOG  TROT.  1 79 1,  A      8041 

DOMESTIC  SHAVING      7086 

DON  CARLO.  PORTUGUESE  PLENIPO- 
EXTRAORDINARY      7 1 42 

DON  DISMALLO,  AFTER  AN  ABSENCE  OF 
SIXTEEN  YEARS  .  .  .      7679 

DON  DISMALLO  AMONG  THE  GRASS- 
HOPPERS IN  FRANCE      7688 

DON  DISMALLO  RUNNING  THE  LITE- 
RARY GANTLET      7685 

DON  HANGERANDO  A  LILLIPUTIAN 
CHAMPION      7876 

DON  JACK      7954 

DON  QUIXOTE  AND  HIS  SQUIRE  SANCHO 
ATTACKING  A  WINDMILL      6434 

DONKEY-0,  THE :  A  NEW  SONG      7502 

DOUBLE  CABINET,  LE      63 70 

DOWNFALL,  THE,  OF  PETER  FICUS 
COMMONLY  CALLED  COUNT  FIG  .  .  . 
7598 

DOWNFALL  OF  DESPOTISM,  THE    75  50 

DOWNFALL  OF  TASTE  &  GENIUS,  THE, 
OR  THE  WORLD  AS  IT  GOES      67 1 5 

DRUM  MAJOR  OF  SEDITION,  THE     6474 

DRY  SOULS      7797 

DUCHESS  AND  THE  MAN  OF  THE 
PEOPLE  IN  BUFF,  THO'  NOT  IN 
BLUE,  THE      6656 

DUCHESS  BLUSH,  THE,  OR  YORK  FLAME 
7930 

DUCHESS  OF  DEVONSHIRE  IN  THE 
CHARACTER  OF  A  MOTHER,  THE 
6490 

DUCHESS  OF  DEVONSHIRE  (THE)  TAST- 
ING THE  FORBIDDEN  FRUIT      6651 

DUCHESS  PURCHASING  A  BRUSH,  THE 
6633 

duchess's  first  LEVEE,  THE     7935 

DUCKING  A  PICKPOCKET      7869 

DUEL,  THE,  OR,  SIR  DICKY  DAB  THRO' 
AND  thro'  the  captain      7089 

DUET,  A      81 61 

duke  of  york's  first  visit  to 
king's  place    7184 

duke's    fortification    BLOWN    UP, 

THE      6951 
DUN-SHAW      7281 
[DUPE,  A]      7451 
DUTCH  ACADEMY,  A      8 1 95 
DUTCH  DIVISIONS,  THE     7 1 7 1 
DUTCHESS      CANVASSING      FOR      HER 

FAVOURITE  MEMBER,  THE      6527 


DUTIFUL  GRANDSON,  THE      8222 

EAST  INDIA  CAPTAIN,  AN      684 1 

EAST  INDIA  STOCKS      7284 

EASTER  TUESDAY  OR  THE  PARISH- 
MEETING  DINNER      6877 

EASTWARD  HO !  OR  THE  YOUNG  STATES- 
MAN'S RAMBLE      6464 

ECCE  HOMO  VERSATILIS!  ALIAS  ED- 
MUND THE  APOSTATE      7833 

ECCLESIASTIC  OPINIONS  CONCERNING 
THE  devil!!      8030 

ECLIPSE,  l'      7248 

ECLIPSE,  THE      6467 

[EDINBURGH  AUCTION,  AN]      6844 

EDWARD  THE  BLACK  PRINCE  RECEIV- 
ING HOMAGE      7516 

EFFECTS  OF  THE  NINTH  DAY'S  EX- 
PRESS FROM  COVENT  GARDEN,  JUST 
ARRIVED  AT  CHELTENHAM      7357 

ELECTION  COMPROMISE  OR  A  CORNISH 
HUG  IN  WESTMINSTER      7638 

ELECTION  CONTEST,  THE      735 1 

ELECTION  RACE  BETWEEN  JACK  TRUE- 
WaiG  AND  SAM  BLOCK      7340 

ELECTION  TATE  k  TATE,  THE      6487 

election-troops,  bringing  in  their 
accounts  to  the  pay-table  7369 

elijah  fed  by  the  ravens    7265 

elopement!,  the    8029 

elopement,  the,  or  lovers  strata- 
gem defeated    6905 

elopement  from  bristol — or  too 
many   for   the   bristol   bum- 

BRUSHER      7990 
ELOPEMENT  FROM  NOTTINGHAM  A  LA 

MILITAIRE !  7595 
ELOQUENCE  FOUNDED   ON  CHEMICAL 

PRINCIPLES  7147 
EMBRACE,  THE  7033 
EMIGRANT  CLERGY  READING  THE  LATE 

DECREE,   THAT  ALL  WHO  RETURNS 

SHALL  BE  PUT  TO  DEATH      813O 
EMPLOYMENT  DURING  RECESS      6994 
EMPRESS  RECEIVING  HER  DESIRE !,  THE 

7901 
END  OF  PARLIAMENT,  THE      6962 
ENDING     OF     THE     OLD     YEAR,     THE 

7602  A 
ENGLISH  AMBASSADOR  AND  HIS  SUITE 

BEFORE  THE  KING  AT  MADRID,  179O 

7646 
ENGLISH  BALLOON  1 784,  AN      670O 
ENGLISH  BALLOON  1 784,  THE      6704 


1038 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


ENGLISH  CREDULITY  OR  THE  CHEVE- 
LERE  MORRET  TAKING  A  FRENCH 
LEAVE      6652 

ENGLISH  HOBBY  HORSE,  AN;  OR,  WHO 
PAYS  THE  PIPER  ?      7857 

ENGLISH  REGENCY,  THE      7485 

ENGLISH  SLAVERY;  OR,  A  PICTURE  OF 
THE  TIMES      7301 

ENGLISHMEN  IN  NOVEMBER      7765 

*enjambe6  IMP^RIALE,  l'     7843  A 

ENQUIRY  INTO  THE  .  .  .  HIGH  PRICE  OF 
PROVISIONS,  AN      6993 

ENTHUSIASTIC  ORATOR,  THE      6752 

EPICURE,  AN      7445 

EPISCOPAL  DELIGHT  A  SCENE  NEAR 
OATLANDS,  OR  THE  BABES  IN  THE 
WOOD  ...      7562 

EQUILIBRIUM,  THE      7109,  7109  A 

EQUIPOISE,  THE,  OR  FASHIONS  OF  1 786 
7109  B 

ESCAPE  A  LA  FRANCOIS !,  AN      7886 

ESSAY  ON  DUELLING — ^ANGLICl^ — 
DOING  ==  him!      7542 

ESSAY  ON  THE  SUBLIME  AND  BEAUTI- 
FUL, AN      6863 

EVENING  CONSOLATION      679 1 

EVENING  WALK,  AN      6754 

EVERY  MAN  HAS  HIS  HOBBY  HORSE 
6566 

EVERY  MAN  IN  HIS  HUMOUR      6439 

EXACT  REPRESENTATION  OF  AN  AT- 
TEMPT MADE  BY  MARGARET  NICHOL- 
SON .  .  .      6973 

exact  representation  of  the 
duchess's  foot,  an    8055 

exalted  reformer,  the    7896 

examination    8 1 86 

examination  of  s^  elijah  impey  at 
the  tryal  of  m^  hastings,  the 

7316 

[exchange  of  heads]    7415 
excise   inquisition   erecting   by 

english  slaves  under  .  .  .  the 

excise  officers    7634 
excrescence,  an;  a  fungus; — ^alias 

— ^a  toadstool  upon  a  dung-hill 

7936 

EXHIBITION  OF  THE  ROYAL  ACADEMY, 
THE,  1787      7219 

EXHIBITION  OF  THE  TIMES,  ...  (2) 
7328,  7329 

EXTRAORDINARY  AND  FACETIOUS  HIS- 
TORY OF  JOHN  GILPIN      6887 


EXTRAORDINARY  AND  FACETIOUS  HIS- 
TORY OF  THE  IMMACULATE  BOY, 
THE      6801 

EXTRAVAGANZA,  AN,  OR  YOUNG  SOLO- 
MON BESIEGING  FITZHUBBUB     6949 

FAIR  QUAKER  OF  CHELTENHAM,  THE 

7374 
FALL  OF  ACHILLES,  THE      6770 
FALL  OF  DAGON,  THE, — OR  RARE  NEWS 

FOR  LEADENHALL  STREET      6365 
FALL   OF   PHAETON,    THE   (2)      6368, 

7335 

FALL  OF  THE  WOLSEY  OF  THE  WOOL- 
SACK, THE      8096 

FALSE  ALARM,  THE      8091 

FALSTAF  &  THE  MERRY  WIVES  OF 
WESTMINSTER  RETURNING  FROM 
CANVASSING  .  .  .      7345 

FALSTAFF  &  THE  MERRY  WIVES  OF 
WESTMINSTER  CANVASSING  . . .  7343 

FAMILY  CANVAS,  OR  DRESS^  ANTIENT 
AND  MODERN      7113 

FARM  YARD,  THE      6947 

FARMER  GEORGE  &  HIS  WIFE      6934 

FARMER  GEORGE  DELIVER'd  OF  A  MOST 

greivous  speech  ...    7131 
[farrier's  shed]    6726 
fashionable  advertiser,  the    72 1 2 
fashionable  contrasts; — or — the 

duchess's  little  SHOE  YEILDING 

TO  THE  MAGNITUDE  OF  THE  DUKE'S 

FOOT      8058 

FASHIONABLE  FOLLIES  ...      7359 

FASHIONABLE  SHITTLECOCK,  A      825  8 

FASHIONABLE     SHOE-MAKER    TRYING 

ON  AN  ITALIAN  SLIPPER,  THE    6767 

FASTING    IN   LENT  JEUNER    DANS    LE 

CAREME      8225 
FAT  &  LEAN  ANTIQUARIAN,  A      7467 
FAT  BUCK  OF  HYDE  PARK,  A      7227 
FATAL  ambition!  OR  REYNARD  AT  HIS 

WITS  END      6549 
FATHER    PAUL    &    THE    LAY    PORTER 

7326 
FEMALE  INFLUENCE ;  OR,  THE  DEVON- 
SHIRE CANVAS      6493 
FENCING  MATCH,  A      7447 
— FIERCE  AS  STARING  AJAX,  ...     7 1 87 
FIGHTING  TAYLORS,  THE      7427 
FILIAL  piety!      7378 
FILLIAL   AFFECTION,    OR   A   TRIP  TO 

GRETNA  GREEN      686 1 
FINISHING  TOUCH,  THE     7973 


1039 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


FIRST  CHARGE  (THE) — EXIT  IN  FUMO — 

7302 
FIRST  DAY  OF  TERM  (THE) — OR  THE 

DEVIL  AMONG  THE  LAWYERS  3764 
FIRST  INTERVIEW  IN  1786,  THE  7414 
FIRST      INTERVIEW,      OR     HAPPINESS 

SACRIFISED  TO  RICHES      6762 
FIRST      INTERVIEW,      THE,      OR     THE 

PRESENTATION    OF    THE    PRUSIAN 

PEARL  (2)      7927,  7931 
FIRST  LEVEE  OF  THE  NEW  PARLIAMENT, 

THE      6603 

first  parliament  of  botany  bay 
(the)  in  high  debate    7122 

first  sketch  for  the  concerto 
coalitionale  &  infernale,  the 

6792 
FIVE  ALLS,  THE      74 1 6 
FLAT   BETWEEN   TWO   SHARPS,    A   (2) 

7259,  3763  (p.  881) 
FLATTERING   GLASS,   THE,   OR  NELL*S 

MISTAKE      7907 
FLIGHT  TO   SWITZERLAND  WITH   HIS 

FAITHFUL   WOMAN  AND   FAITHFUL 

BLACK      7370 
FLOATING    BATTERIES,     OR,    AN    AT- 
TEMPT    TO     ENTER     THE     BALTIC 

7880 
FLOOD  OF  CORRUPTION  6606 

FLORIO      7097 
FLORIZEL  READING  MRS.  ERRINGTON'S 

TRIAL      68 1 1 
FLYING    news;    OR,    SERINGAPATAM 

TAKEN  BY  STRATAGEM!      8093 
FOLLIES    OF    A    DAY,    THE,    OR    THE 

MARRIAGE  OF  FIGARO      6924 
FOOL   (a)    and    his    money's    SOON 

PARTED      7802 
FOR   THE   BENEFIT   OF   MRS.   JORDAN 
•       7217 
FOR  THE  BENEFIT   OF  MRS.   SIDDONS 

7216 
FOR  THE  BENIFIT  OF  THE  CHAMPION 

A  CATCH  TO  BE  PERFORM'd  AT  THE 

NEW  THEATRE  COVENT  GARDEN  .  .  . 

6591 

FOR  THE  TRIAL  OF  WARREN  HASTINGS 
.  .  .      7276 

FORCE  OF  FRIENDSHIP,  THE,  OR,  THE 
ELECTION  MAN-TRAP  RETURNING 
FROM  SPITTALFIELDS  ...      6583 

FORCIBLE  ENTRANCE  INTO  LEADEN- 
HALL    STREET;    BY   MASTER   BILLY 


DECLARATORY    UPON    A   DUN'DASS 

7305 
FORDING  THE  JORDAN     79 1 1 
FORTIS      6433 

fortunate  duelist,  the    7709 
fortune's  favourites  ;  or  happiness 

in  every  situation    7119 
foul  fiend  discovered,  the,  or  the 
guardian  angel  of  britain  un- 
masking the  devil    6392 

FOUR  o'clock  in  TOWN      7769 

fox  against  f0x!!1    7395 

fox    and    badger    hunting    the 

king's  hounds,  the    6428 
[fox  and  burke  as  hudibras  and 

RALPHO]      6540 
FOX    AND    GEESE    TRIUMPHANT,    THE 

6593 
[fox    AND    PITT    AS    COLLIER    AND 

fuller]    6618 
fox  and  the  bust,  the    697 1 
fox  boring  money  out  of  a  jew 

6617 

FOX  DOG  EXAMINING  THE  STRONG 
BOX,  A      7141 

FOX  HUNT,  THE      6387 

FOX  HUNT,  THE,  OR  VIEW  HOLLA! 
FROM  LEADENHALL  STREET      6386 

FOX  IN  A  TRAP  AND  THE  CONSTITU- 
TION PRESERVD      6542 

[fox  in  bedlam]     6496 

FOX  IN  THE  BLOCK-SHOP,  OR  THE 
HEADS  OF  THE  PROPOSITIONS  RE- 
JECTED     6810 

[fox  PITT  AND  THURLOW]      6644 

FOX  SINGING  A  SONG  TO  THE  PRINCE 
OF  WALES      6771 

FOX  VICTORIOUS  OR  TREACHERY  OVER- 
THROWN     6592 

fox's  COTILLON  IN  S^  JAMES'S  MARKET 
6532 

fox's  fool    6604 

[fragment  of  a  strip  design]   7633 

france  freedom.  britain  slavery 

7546 

FREE  REGENCY,  THE      7487 

FREE-BORN  BRITAIN,  THE,  OR  A  PER- 
SPECTIVE OF  TAXATION  (2)  69 1 4, 
7625 

FREEMEN  TRIUMPHANT,  OR  THE  MARE 
FOAL'd  OF  HER  FOLLY      7552 

FRENCH  DEMOCRATS  SURPRIZING  THE 
ROYAL  RUNAWAYS      7882 


1040 


INDEX   OF  TITLES 


FRENCH  discernment;  OR,  A  BUM- 
LING  DISCOVERY      8006 

FRENCH  LIBERALITY,  OR,  AN  ATTEMPT 
TO  CONQUER  THE  WORLD  BY  BEING 
TOO  CIVIL  BY  HALF      8 1 36 

FRENCH   LIBERTY.     BRITISH   SLAVERY 

8145 
FRENCH  PRIVATEERS,  CRUISING  IN  THE 

ENGLISH  CHANNEL      8226 
FRENCHMAN  IN  DISTRESS,  THE      676 1 
FRENCHMEN  IN  NOVEMBER      7764 
FRESH  BREEZE,  A      7549 
FRIAR  BACON  AND  HIS  BRAZEN  HEAD 

7898 
FRIENDLY  AGENT,  THE      7 1 69 
FRIENDS  OF  THE  PEOPLE,  THE      8131 
FRITH  THE  MADMAN  HURLING  TREASON 

AT  THE  KING  7624 
FROG  HUNTING  7768 
FROLICK,    THE,    OR    A    NEW-MARKET 

RACE      7338 
FROM    THE   ORIGINALS   AT   WINDSOR 

7836 
FROM  TOMS      7599 

FRONT  AND  BACK  VIEW  OF  THE  COM- 
MERCIAL COALITION      7133 
FRONTISPIECE  (2)      64 1 1 ,  703 1 
FRONTISPIECE  FOR  THE  2°  EDITION  OF 

D«  Johnson's  LETTERS    7417 

FRONTISPIECE  TO  REFLECTIONS  ON 
THE  FRENCH  REVOLUTION      7675 

FRONTISPIECE  TO  THE  2°  EDITION  OF 
LORD  stanhope's  OBSERVATIONS  ON 
M«  PITT'S  PLAN  OF  FINANCE      6960 

FRONTISPIECE  TO  THE  WAX  WORK 
AND  MONUMENTAL  RECORDS  IN 
WESTMINSTER  ABBEY      8064 

FRUIT  SHOP  LOUNGE,  A      7081 

FRUITION  OF  NANTES,  THE,  OR  THE 
VISION  INTERPRETED      7891 

FRYING  SPRATS      7922 

FULL  AND  HALF-PAY  OFFICERS       7082 

FUNERAL  OF  TRADE  (THE)  WHO  DIED 
OF  A  MORTAL  STAB  .  .  .      6798 

FUNERAL  PROCESSION  OF  MISS  RE- 
GENCY, THE      7526 

GALANTE  SHOW  ...      73 1 3 

GALIC  PERFIDY,  OR  THE  NATIONAL 
TROOPS  ATTACHMENT  TO  THEIR 
GENERAL  AFTER  THEIR  DEFEAT  AT 
TOURNAY      8085 

GALLOWS,  A  .  A  HANGING  COLLAR.  A 
CUT  DOWN  OR  COUTZWARRO      803 9 


GAMBADO,  see  GEOFFREY  .  .  . 

GAMESTER  BESHIT,  THE,  OR,  A  NEW 
WAY  TO  WIN  MONEY      65  80 

GANDERS  ADDRESSING  THE  LION,  TO 
HAVE  THE  ELEPHANT  REMOV'd,  THE 
6449 

GENERAL  BLACKBEARD  WOUNDED  AT 
THE  BATTLE  OF  LEADENHALL     6367 

GENERAL  ELECTION,  THE      6507 

GENERAL  ELECTION  (THE),  A  NEW 
COUNTRY  DANCE  .  .  .      7650 

GENERAL  ELECTION,  THE,  A  NEW  COUN- 
TRY DANCE.      SECOND  SETT      7657 

GENERAL  OFFICER  (a)  TAKEN  PRISONER 
AT  BAGSHOT  HEATH  CAMP      8l20 

GENERAL  TOAST,  THE      6988 

GENIUS  OF  FRANCE  EXTIRPATING 
DESPOTISM  TYRANNY  &  OPPRESSION 
FROM  THE  FACE  OF  THE  EARTH  OR 
THE    ROYAL    WARRIORS    DEFEATED 

8143 
GENTLEMEN  PENSIONERS,  THE      6965 
GEOFFREY  GAMBADO  ESQ^      723 1 

GEOGRAPHY  BEWITCHED!  See  Under 

8085  A 

george  and  the  dragon    6405 

german  howl,  a,  or  the  emigrant 
princes  bemoaning  the  loss  of 
their  dearest  friend    8068 

german  pav^nsfbroker;  or  consola- 
tion for  the  constitutional 
club  in  the  year  179o    7506 

getting  the  length  of  the 
duchess's  foot    7921 

ghost!,  the    7614 

[ghost  in  a  wine  cellar,  a]    8209 

ghost  of  mirabeau's  address  to 

THE  REVOLUTION  SOCIETY  (THE)!!! 

7888 
GHOST    OF    OLIVER   CROMWELL,    THE 

6410 
ghost's,    the,   or  THE  TAYLOR  BE- 

FRITED  &C  &C  .  .  .,      7740 
GHOSTS  OF  MIRABEAU  AND  DR.  PRICE 

APPEARING  TO   OLD   LOYOLA,  THE 

7864 
GIGG,  THE,  WITH  A  VIEW  OF  EPSOM 

DOWNS      8216 
GILPIN    GOING    FARTHER    THAN    HE 

INTENDED      6742 
GILPIN    WHIGS     (the)     RETURN    TO 

ROCHESTER   WITHOUT  THEIR  CAN- 
DIDATE     8270 


1 041 


3X 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


gipsey's  prophecy,  the    6750 
girl  in  stile,  the    7226 
give  justice  her  claims    6569 
glaucus  and  scylla  or  the  mon- 
ster in  full  cry    7647 

GLEE,  A      6913 

goats  canter  to  windsor,  the,  or 

the  cuckolds  comfort    645 1 
go-between,  the,  or  barrowman 

embarrass'd    7245 
going  in  state  to  the  house  of 
peers;  or,  a  picture  of  English 
magnificence ! ! !     75  07 
going  to  market  (2)    6946,  79 1 5 
going  to  ride  s'^  george    7336 
golden    image   that   nebuchad- 
nezzar the  king  had  set  up,  the 

6445 
GOOD  NEWS  FROM  MADRAS  (2)      7904, 

7939 

GOOD  SHEPHERD,  THE,  OR  CAMBRIANS 
DELIGHT      6669 

GOOD-SHOT,  a;  or — BILLY-RANGER 
THE  GAME  KEEPER,  IN  A  FINE  SPORT- 
ING COUNTRY      8061 

GOOSE  LOST,  THE      6362 

GORGON      6450 

governor  of  rue-peas,  the    7272 
gradual  abolition  off  the  slave 
trade:  or  leaving  of  sugar  by 

DEGREES      8081 
GRAND  BATTLE  BETWEEN  THE  FAMOUS 

ENGLISH  COCK  AND  RUSSIAN  HEN !,  A 

7849 
GRAND  BRITISH  BALLOON,  THE      67 1 0 
GRAND  COALITION  MEDAL,  STRUCK  IN 

BASE  METAL  GILT,  THE      6571 
GRAND  CRICKET  MATCH,  THE      6397 
GRAND  IRISH  AIR  BALLOON      6659 
GRAND   MONARCK   DISCOVERED    IN  A 

POT  DE  CHAMBRE      7884 
GRAND  PITCH  BATTLE,  THE      7269 
GRAND  PROCESSION  TO  ST.  PAUL'S  ON 

ST.  George's  day  1789    7525 

GRAND  REVIEW  AT  SPITHEAD,  OR  THE 
HOLIDAY  ADMIRAL  IN  PORT      7669 

GRAND  REVIEW  ON  SYDENHAM  COM- 
MON, THE      81 10 

GRAND-PAPA,  THE      8202 

GREAT  ARCHITECT  MODELLING,  A,  OR 
S^  WILLIAM  IN  HIS  STUDY      8016 

GREAT  MAN  FILLING  THE  HIGHEST 
POST  IN  THE  KINGDOM,  A      69 1 6 


GREENWICH  PENSIONER,  THE      78 1 8 

GREENWICH-PARK      7095 

GRETNA  GREEN  STRIKING  THE  IRON 
WHILE  IT  IS  HOT      7992 

GRIM-ALL-DAY  AT  BREAKFAST     7435 

GROUNDS  OF  FORTUNE  TELLING  OR 
THE  PRINCELY  REPAST      7564 

GULLIVER  CASTING  A  DAMPER  UPON 
THE  ROYAL  FIREWORKS  AT  LILLI- 
PUT  .  .  .      6919 

GUY  VAUX  DISCOVERED  IN  HIS  AT- 
TEMPT TO  DESTROY  THE  KING  & 
THE  HOUSE  OF  LORDS — HIS  COM- 
PANIONS ATTEMPTING  TO  ESCAPE 
7862 

GUY  VAUX  OR  FOX  BLOWING  UP  THE 
PARLIAMENT  house!!!      6389 

[GYNOMACHIA,  FRONTISPIECE  TO] 
7527 

[hairdressing]    7246 
hanoverian    horse    and    british 

LION,  THE      6476 

HAPPY  COUPLE,  THE,  OR  A  VISIT  TO 
CHELTENHAM      7355 

HAPPY  ESCAPE  (THE)— OR  ARCH— RUN- 
AWAY'S     7428 

HARANGUE    ABOUT    THE    GOOSE,    AN 

6377 
HARRY  JENKINS,    THE   MASCULINE   & 

FEMININE  BELLOWS  MENDER  7356 
HASTINGS  HO,  RARE  HASTINGS !  7267 
HASTY    SKETCH    OF   THE   DEBATES,    A 

7871 
HASTY  SKETCH  OF  YESTERDAY'S  BUSI- 
NESS, A      6437 
HE  THAT   DEBASETH   HIMSELF  SHALL 

BE  EXALTED      7071 
HEADLANDS  CAPES  AND  PROMONTORIES 

7114 
HEADS  AND  TAILS  UNCOVERED      685 1 
HEADS  OF  THE  MUTINY  BILL      8244 
HEADS    OF   THE   MUTINY   BILL,    THE, 

LAID  ON  THE  TABLE      64 1 5 
HEIR  APPARENT  IN  EMBRIO      6963 
HEIR  DISINHERITED,  THE      78 1 4 
HELL  IN  AN  UPROAR :  OR  AN  EXPRESS 

FROM  THE  COMMITTEE      7642 
HER  GRACE  CARRYING  A  PLUMPER  FOR 

CHARLY      6565 
HI  NOSTRI  REDDITUS,  EXPECTATIQUE 

TRIUMPHi!      6657 
HIBERNIA     IN     THE     CHARACTER     OF 

CHARITY      6785 


1042 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


HIBERNIAN  ATTEMPT,  THE      6787 
HIEROGLYPHICAL     CARD     FROM     THE 

BIRD  OF  PARADISE  TO  THE  PRINCE, 

AN      683 I 
HIGH    COMMITTEE,    OR,    OPERATICAL 

CONTEST      8010 
HIGH    ROAD    TO    PREFERMENT,    THE 

7556 
HINT   FOR  AN  ESCAPE  AT  THE  NEXT 

SPRING  MEETING,  A      8071 
HINTS  TO  BAD  HORSEMEN  (2)      76 1 0, 

761 1 
HIS  GRACE  COMPOSING   A  NEW  VER- 
SION     7208 
HIS  grace's  LAMENTATION      6952 
HIS  HIGHNESS  IN  FITZ      8252 
HIS  HIGHNESS  THE  PROTECTOR     6379 
HIS  WIFE  &  HER  GALLANT.  THE  PARSON 

&  DYING  MAN      7762 
HISTORIAN  ANIMATING  THE  MIND  OF 

A  YOUNG  PAINTER,  THE      6724 
HISTORICAL  PAINTER,  THE      6408 
HOLIDAY  DIVERSION,  A      6748 
HONEST  BILLY      6778 
HONEST  FELLOW,  AN      7785 
HONEST  JACK  THE  VOLUNTEER  GOING 

INTO   PORT   WITH    THE   FAULICNER 

PRIVATEER      7349 
HONI  SOIT  QUI  MAL  Y  PENSE      7155 
jjQI^BLE    CHA^    lAMES    FOX    (THE)    RE- 
CEIVING   THE    FREEDOMS    OF    THE 

DIFFERENT  COMPANIES  OF  THE  CITY 

OF  LONDON      6648 
HONORABLE  SITUATIONS  THE  TIPPER- 

ARY  DUELISTS  OR  MARGATE  HEROES 

HAVE  HERETOFORE  STOOD  IN      7745 
jjON^LE    SPRUCE    BILLY    BEAU    PRIME 

MINISTER  OF  LILLIPUT,  THE      7877 
HOOLY  AND  FAIRLY      7256 
HOPES  OF  THE  PARTY  (THE),  PRIOR  TO 

JULY  I4TH  .  .  .      7892 
HOSPITAL  FOR  LUNATICS,  THE      7504 
HOUSE  OF  FEASTING  (THE)  IS  BECOME 

A  HOUSE  OF  MOURNING ! ! ! !      6793 
HOW  MERRILY  WE  LIVE  THAT  DOCTOR'S 

BE      8050 
HOW  TO  AVOID  THE  HORSE  DUTY  6672 
HOW  TO  BE  RUN  AWAY  WITH      7238 
HOW  TO  ESCAPE  LOSING      79 1 9 
HOW  TO  ESCAPE  WINNING      79 1 8 
HOW  TO  GAIN  A  COMPLEAT  VICTORY, 

AND  SAY,  YOU  GOT  SAFE  OUT  OF  THE 

ENEMY^  REACH      7932 


HOW  TO  GAMMON  THE  DEEP  ONES  OR 

THE  WAY  TO  OVERTURN  A  COACH 

ACCORDING  TO  ACT  OF  PARLIAMENT 

7823 

HOW  TO  GAMMON  TWELVE  MEN,  AFTER 

DINNER      7718 
HOW  TO  HARROW  UP  THE  SOUL      77 1 6 
HOW  TO  LOOK  AMOUROUSLY      77 1 5 
HOW  TO  LOSE  YOUR  WAY      7236 
HOW  TO  PASS  A  CARRIAGE      7240 
HOW  TO  RIDE  A  HORSE  UPON  THREE 

LEGS      7241 
HOW  TO  RIDE  GENTEEL  AND  AGREEABLE 

DOWN  HILL      7235 
HOW  TO  RIDE  UP  HYDE  PARK      7242 
HOW  TO  STOP  YOUR  HORSE  AT  PLEA- 
SURE     7239 
HOW  TO  TEAR  A  SPEECH  TO  TATTERS 

7590 
HOW  TO  TURN  ANY  HORSE,  MARE  OR 

GELDING      7237 
HUDIBRASS  AND  HIS  'SQUIRE      636 1 
HUMBUG,    THE,    OR   AN   ATTEMPT   AT 

TRAGEDY,  WITH  THE  JORDAN  JORAM 

UPSETT      7934 
HUMBUG  WEDDING,  THE      6950 
HUMOURS   OF  COVENT   GARDEN,   THE, 

OR  FREEDOM  OF  ELECTION      65 1 1 
HUSBAND    (the)    HIGHLY   DELIGHTED 

WITH  HIS  SUPPOSED  FRUITS      7804 
HYDE- PARK ; — SUNDAY, — OR — BOTH 

HEMISPHERS  OF  THE  WORLD   IN  A 

SWEAT      7537 
HYPOCHONDRIAC,  THE      7449 
I.   FRITH  THE  UNFORTUNATE  STONE- 
THROWER,   OR  A   FOOLISH   THROW 

FOR  FULL  PAY  .  .  .      7626 
I  LOOK  UP  THE  LANE  AND  DOWN  THE 

LANE  .  .  .      7073 
I  SAY  WE  ARE  FEARFULLY  &  WONDER- 
FULLY MADE      6847 
IDOL  OF  THE  PEOPLE      6629 
IGNATIUS      6472 
IGNAVIA      6396 

ILL  TIMED  CONTROVERSY,  THE      7161 
ILLUMINATION      7528 
ILLUSTRATION  BY  SHADE      7325 
I'm  THE  THING,  A'NT  I  ?      8053 
IMITATIONS  AT  DRURY  LANE  THEATRE 

7050 
IMPEACHMENT      6926 
IMPEACHMENT,  THE  (2)      6925,  7268 
IMPEACHMENT       THE,  —  OR  —  "THE 


1043 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


FATHER    OF    THE    GANG,     TURN'd 

king's  evidence    7861 
impeachment  ticket  for  the  trial 

of  warren  hastings  esq^  7277 
imperial  salute  or  invitation  to 

PEACE  REJECTED  p.  905 
IMPERIAL  STRIDE,  AN      7843 
IMPI      OUS    ATTACK    ON    THE    BACK 

SETTLEMENTS     (a)     OR     ORIENTAL 

DIVERSIONS  FOR  RAJAHS      8276 
IMPORTATION  OF  FRENCH  PRIESTS,  OR 

THE  BLESSINGS  OF  LIBERTY  8 1 27 
IN  FASHION,  OUT  OF  FASHION  7115 
IN  MEMORY   OF  MONDAY  DECEMBER 

17TH  1783      6443 
IN  OFFICE    OUT  OF  OFFICE      6483 
IN  PLACE      3772  (p.  217) 
INCENDIARY,  THE      7900  A 
INCOMMODITiS  DE  JANVIER  1786,  LES 

7107 
INCONVENIENCE  OF  DRESS,  THE      7 1 1 1 
INCUBUS,  THE      6363 
INCURABLE,  THE      6495 
INDIAN    PRINCE    ON    A    VISIT    TO    A 

FRIENDLY  COURT,  AN      7299 
INFANT  HERCULES,  THE      6402 
INFLUENCE  COALITION  SATURN  COALI- 
TION DEVONSHIRE  COALITION      p. 

112 
INFRNALS  CHOICE,  THE,  OR  THE  MAN 

OF  THE  PEOPLE  BELOW  STAIRS  6523 
INJURED  COUNTESS,  THE      7013 
INN  YARD  AT  CALAIS      827 1 
INSIDE    OF   THE    LADY's    GARDEN   AT 

VAUXHALL,  THE      7437 
INSIDE  VIEW  OF  AN  ENGLISH  PRIME 

minister's  WORKSHOP      8 1 54 
INSIGNIA  VILLA  DE  PRETON      6675 
INSOLVENT  BROTHERS  GIVING  QUEER 

BAIL,  THE      7850 
INSTALLATION      73 1 8 
INSTALLATION-SUPPER,     THE,     .     .     . 

7330 
INSULTS  OF  THE  BRAVE  (THE)  I  HAVE 

BORN     WITH      SOME     DEGREE     OF 

PATIENCE,  ...      7160 
INTRODUCTION      6872 
INTRODUCTION,  THE      79 1 7 
INTRODUCTION    OF   FITZHERBERT   TO 

ST  JAMES'S      6953 
INTRUSION  ON  STUDY  OR  THE  PAINTER 

DISTURBED      6862 
INVOCATION      7397 


lOB      6452 

IRISH  AMBASSADORS  EXTRAORDIN- 
ARY!!!     7518 

IRISH  AMBASSADORS  EXTRAORDINARY, 
THE.  A  GALL  ANTE  SHOW      75 1 5 

IRISH  AUDIENCE,  THE      75 1 3 

IRISH  CHEROKEE,  AN      82 1 8 

IRISH  NODDY,  AN      6876 

IRISH  PATRIOT,  THE      6662 

IRISH  WOLF  DOGS  PUTTING  ENGLISH 
BLOOD  HOUNDS  TO  FLIGHT      75 12 

IRON-MASK,  THE      7558 

IS  THIS.  YOUR  LOUSE      7 1 86 

JACOBINE  WHIGS,  OR,  GOOD  NIGHT  TO 
THE  PARTY      8140 

JAMES  GRAHAM  &  A  LADY      6846 

JANUARY  AND  MAY      6904 

JEMMY,  A      7782 

JERRY  SNEAK  I.O.D.  TAKING  FRENCH 
LEAVE  OF  THE  REVOLUTION  SOCIETY 

7895 
JESSAMY,  A      7783 
JIMMY  LINCUM  FEADLE      8043 
JOHN  BULL      8239 
JOHN  BULL,  BAITED  BY  THE  DOGS  OF 

EXCISE      7640 
JOHN      BULL      BOTHER'd; — OR — ^THE 

GEESE     ALARMING     THE     CAPITOL 

8141 
JOHN  BULL  enraged!      65 8 1 
JOHN  BULL  IN  A  QUANDARY      73  6 1 
JOHN  BUL-LOONS  ASSES  DISTANCED  BY 

THE   GANZAS   OR   LARGE   GEESE   OF 

DOMINGO  GONSALES,  IN  A  VOYAGE 

TO  THE  MOON      6701 
JOHN  GILPIN      6892 
[JOHN  GILPIN]  (2)      6889,  6890 
JOHN  GILPIN  AT  VAUXHALL      6902 

JOHN  gilpin's  race!     6888 

JOHN  Gilpin's  return  from  ware 

6906 
JOHN  Gilpin's  return  to  London 

8251 

JOHN  STOCKDALE,  THE  BOOKSELLING 

BLACKSMITH,   ONE  OF  THE  KING'S 

NEW  FRIENDS      6609 

JOHNNY  GILPIN  FINDS  IS  HAT . . .  6900 

JOHNNY  GILPIN  OF  CHEAPSIDE  ...  (3) 

6886,  6891,  6899 

JOLLY  DOG,  A      78 1 9 
JOSEPH  SURFACE  POSTED      75 1 0 
JOURNALIST,  THE  ...      7032 
JOURNEY  TO  MALMESBURY,  A      6456 


1044 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


JOURNEY  TO   THE  WATCH   HOUSE,   A 

7810 
JOURNEY  TO  YORK,  A.    JOURNEY  TO 

WEYMOUTH,  A      75  5 1 
JOURNEYMAN     PARSON      GOING     ON 

DUTY,  A      3756  (1785) 
JOVE  IN  HIS  CHAIR      p.  140. 
JOVIAL  CREW,  THE      7092 
JOVIAL  CREW,  THE,  OR  MERRY  BEGGARS 

6980 
JUDAS  RETURNING  TO  EAST  HADON  AT 

3  o'clock  on  SATURDAY  MORNING 

. .  «     7434 

JUDGE  (a)  an  OLD  WOMAN      7254 

JUST  ASS,  A      8187 

JUSTLY  ADMIRED  SPEECH  OF  THE 
ATTORNEY  GENERAL  OF  IRELAND, 
THE      6809 

KEEP  WITHIN  COMPASS  (4)  6903, 
6907,  6908,  6909 

KICK-UP  AT  A  HAZARD  TABLE,  A     7767 

KING  HENRY  IV  THE  LAST  SCENE 
7380 

KING  OF  DIAMONDS,  THE      6969 

KING  PITT  A  CUTPURSE  OF  THE  EM- 
PIRE ...      7388 

king's  evil,  the    6986 

king's  place,  or  a  view  of  m  fox's 

best  friends    6547 
knave  of  clubs,  the    6976 
knave  of  diamonds    6966 
knave  of  hearts,  the    6975 
knight  of  the  back  stairs  with 
his  three  best  friends,  a    6492 
knight  of  the  woful  counte- 
NANCE (the)  GOING  TO  EXTIRPATE 
THE  NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY      7678 
KNOWING  ONE,  A  (2)      7789,  8037 
LABOUR  IN  VAIN,  OR,  FATTY  IN  DIS- 
TRESS     6768 
LADS  OF  THE  VILLAGE,  THE      6747 
LADY  AT  A  CARD   PARTY  WHO  DOES 

NOT  PLAY,  A      7453 
LADY  craving's  TEA  POT      7436 
LADY  SQUAB  TAKING  A  RIDE      6735 
LADY  TERMAGANT  FLAYBUM  ...   70 1 1 
LANDING  AT  BOTANY  BAY      6992 
LANDING  AT  MARGATE      7755 
LANDING    OF    SIR    JOHN    BULL   .  .  . 

8189 
LAST  DYING  WORDS  OF  REYNARD  THE 

FOX  (the)!    6513 

LAST  SHIFT,  THE     8234 


LAST  ULTIMATUM,  THE      7674 

LATE  DOCT^  BRAGG,  THE      3650(1787, 

P-  435) 
LAUNCE  &  HIS  DOG  CRAB      7866 
LAW  AND  EQUITY,  OR  APEEP  ATNANDO'S 

7164 
LAW  &  PHYSIC      7463 
LAW  ARRANGEMENT  OR   WHO   SHALL 

BE  CHEIF      7123 
LAW  PROMOTION      7332 
LAWYER  (the),  THE  CLIENT      7759 
LECTURE  ON  HEADS  EMBELLISHED  BY 

JNO  LOCKINGTON,  THE      6922 
LEGACY,  THE      699 1 
LEGAL  FAINT,  A,  I.E.,  A  FEINT      7956 
LESSONS  OF  LOVE  OR  ARCHITECTURE 

TAUGHT  BY  INTUITION  ...      8015 
LET  NO  DRESS  BE  KEPT  IN  MIND    BUT 

THE  DRESS  OF  ROSALIND      7062 
LEVEE,    THE,    OR   THE   M^CENAS    OF 

SCRUBS  AND  SCARAMOUCHES      7993 
LIBERALITY  AND  DESIRE      7442 
LIBERTY     AND     FAME     INTRODUCING 

FEMALE  PATRIOTISM  TO  BRITANIA 

6599 
LIEUT  GOVERN  GALL-STONE,  INSPIRED 

BY  ALECTO  .  .  .      772 1 
LIEUT  GOVERN  gallstone's  MONKEY 

BREAKING    OF    SIR    SYDNEY'S    APE 

7723 
LIFE   AND    DEATH    CONTRASTED — OR, 

AN  ESSAY  ON  WOMAN  3793  (p.  21 5) 
LIMITED     MONARCHY,     A,     AN     UN- 
LIMITED DEMOCRACY      p.  922 
LITTLE    FARTHING    RUSHLIGHT,    THE 

8283 
LITTLE  MARKET  WOMAN,  THE      6732 
LODGING  AT  A  M'qUEEN'S      7044 
LONDON  cockney's  ATTACK  ON  THE 

BEE  HIVE,  THE      7809 
LONDON  DENTIST,  THE      6760 
LONDON    'prentice,    THE,    OR,    THE 

FORCE  OF  VIRTUE      6447 
LONDON  REFINEMENT      8260 
LONDON  SPORTSMAN  ON  THE  1ST  OF 

SEPTEMBER,  THE      7808 
LONG  MINUET  AS  DANCED  AT  BATH,  A 

7229 
LONG-WINDED  SPEECH  ...      p.  499 
LOOSE  PRINCIPLES      7492 
LORD  BARRYMORE  BOXING  A  BUTCHER 

AT  BRIGHTON      7994 
LORD  GEORGE  RIOT  MADE  A  JEW    8249 


1045 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


LORD  JUCY   DANDLING   HIS  ANGELIC 

CHILD      7979 
LORD  mayor's  day,  OR,  FILLING  THE 

glutton's  BALLOON      67 1 1 
LORD  mayor's  day  PICKINGS      7757 
LORD    MOUNT    SKINFLINT'S    DINNER 

7555 
[lord   sackville   attacking   the 
IRISH  propositions]     68o2 

LORDS  OF  THE  BEDCHAMBER      6529 

LOSS  OF  EDEN,  THE, — ^AND  EDEN  LOST 
6815 

LOTTERY  INSURANCE  OFFICE      7750 

LOTTERY  TICKET  (THE),  OR  THE  SUN- 
SHINE OF  HOPE      8231 

LOVE      7204 

LOVE  AND  DUST   7444 

LOVE  IN  A  BALLOON   6706 

LOVE  IN  A  COFFIN   6699 

LOVE  IN  A  STONE  COFFIN  (2)  8247, 
8248 

LOVER  (the),  the  HUSBAND   7760 

lover's  leap,  the    6929 
love's  last  shift    7143 
loves  of  the  fox  and  the  badger, 
the,  or — the  coalition  wedding 

6369 
LOYAL     SUBJECT,     THE,     OR     POLITE 

ACCOMMODATION  7832 
LOYALTY  —  AGAINST  —  LEVELLING 

8138 
lubber's  HOLE,— ALIAS—THE  CRACK'd 

JORDAN      7909 
LUMBER  TROOP,  THE      775 1 
LUMINOUS  HISTORIAN,  THE      74 1 8 
LUNCHEON     AT     GIBSIDE,     A, — LAMB 

CHOPS  AND  RUMP  STEAKS      8 1 68 
LUST  AND  AVARICE      7443 
LUXURY      8238 
LYCEUM    ODDITY    (a)    OR   STOP    HIM 

WHO  can!    7420 

LYING-IN     VISIT     (a)     OR    A    SHORT 

SIGHTED  MISTAKE  82 1 1 
MAD  BULLOCK,  THE  8223 
MAD  TOM,   OR  THE  MAN  OF  RIGHTS 

7900 
MAD   TOM'S   first   PRACTICAL   ESSAY 

ON  THE  RIGHTS  OF  MAN      8087 
MADAM    BLUBBER    ON    HER    CANVASS 

6544 
MADAM  blubber's  LAST  SHIFT  OR  THE 

AEROSTATIC  DILLY      65  6 1 
MAGNETIC  DISPENSARY      7748 


MAID  OF  BATH,  THE,  OR  MAC  IN  HER 
TEENS      8176 

maid  servants  address  to  master 

billy  pitt,  the    6794 
maiden  speech,  the    6864 
malagrida,  driving  post    8069 
[man  and  horse]    7464 
man  millener,  a    7247 

MAN  OF  MODERATION  (THE)  ADDRESS- 
ING HIS  CONSTITUENTS  FROM  THE 
king's  arms,  WESTMINSTER      6422 

MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE!  THE      7874 

MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE  (THE),  THE  FOOT- 
BALL OF  THE  PEOPLE      6463 

MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE  (THE)  ATTEMPT- 
ing another  coalition  to  creep 
in  for  westminster  .  .  .    764 1 

managers  in  distress,  the    7300 

manning  the  navy    7753 

march  to  the  bank,  a    7 1 74 

mare  on  horseback,  a,  or  the  city 
st.  george    7536 

Margaret's  ghost    7983 

maria  costiva  at  her  studies   70 1 9 

mark  antony  &  cleopatra    7468 

market-day    73 1 0 

mars  and  venus,  or  sir  cecil 
chastised    6491 

masculine  doe,  a    8 1 73 

MASK,  THE      6505 

MASON,   THE  DUKE'S   CONFECTIONER, 

DISPOSING  OF  THE  TRINKETS     7344 
MASONIC  ANECDOTE,  A      70 1 0 
MASTER  billy's  HOBBY-HORSE,  OR  HIS 

TRIUMPHAL  ENTRY  INTO  DOWNING 

STREET      6425 
MASTER      billy's      PROCESSION      TO 

GROCERS  HALL      6442 
MASTER       billy's       RETURN       FROM 

GROCERS  HALL      6453 
MASTER  GEORGE  &  HIS  RIB      6933 
MASTER     PARSON     RETURNED     FROM 

DUTY,  A      3755  (1785) 
MASTIFF,  THE,  A  MORAL  TALE      7093 
MATRIMONIAL  SPECULATION      82 1 9 
MATTER  REVERSED,  THE,  OR  ONE  GOOD 

TURN  DESERVES  ANOTHER      6595 
MAUSOLEUM,  THE,  OR  THE  FOXHUNTER 

FOXT      7454 
MAY    GARLAND,    THE,    OR    TRIUMPH 

WITHOUT  VICTORY  6600 
MAY-DAY  IN  LONDON  6740 
MEDLEY  OF  MUSICIANS,  A      7023 


1046 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


MEETING  NIGHT  OF  THE  CLUB  OF  ODD 

FELLOWS      7601 
MEETING  OF  CREDITORS,  A      76 1 5 
MEETING    OF    DISSENTERS    RELIGIOUS 

AND  POLITICAL  179O      7630 
MEETING    OF    PARLIAMENT,    THE    (2) 

6649,  6773 
MEETING  OF  THE  FEMALE  CANVASSERS 

IN  COVENT  GARDEN,  A      6557 
MEETING  OF  THE  LEGION  CLUB,  THE 

7132 
MELPOMENE      67 1 2 
MEMBER  OF  MARK  LANE,  A      6839 
MEMBER  OF  THE  CORPORATION  PRE- 
PARING FOR  A  CITY  FEAST,  A      7608 
MEN  OF  WAR,  BOUND  FOR  THE  PORT 

OF  PLEASURE      8048 
MERCURY    AND    HIS    ADVOCATES    DE- 
FEATED, OR  VEGETABLE  INTRENCH- 

MENT      7592 
MERRY  THAUGHT,  THE      7225 
MESSRS    PITT    AND     FOX    OBTAINING 

THEIR  FREEDOM      6567 
METROPOLITICAL  GUNNERY      7756 
MIDDLESEX    JEST    (THE)    OR    DOUBLE 

ENTENDRE      8245 
MILITARY  RECREATION   IN   HOLLAND 

7179 
milliner's  SHOP,  A      7153 
MINISTER  DIVING  INTO  THE  SECRETS 

OF     THE     TOBACCO     TRADE,      THE 

7563 
MINISTER  ENDEAVOURING  TO  EKE  OUT 

DR.  PRETYIMAN'S  BISHO-PRICK,  THE 

7146 
MINISTER  KNOCKING  OUT  BRITANNIA'S 

DAY-LIGHTS,  THE      678 1 
MINISTER  PREACHING  TO  THE  SEVEN 

DEVILS      7347 
MINISTER  TURN'd  ADMIRAL,  THE,  OR 

THE    SURRENDER    OF   THE   CASTLES 

8128 
MINISTERIAL  FACT,  A;  OR  A  SQUIB  OF 

THE  FIRST  DAY      6972 
minister's  ASS,  THE      6664 

mirror,  the    6582 

mirror  of  patriotism,  the    63  80 

miscarriage,   the,   or  his   grace 

stopping  the  supplies    73 60 
miser,  the    8236 
miser's  feast,  the    7083 
mis-fire  at  the  constitution,  a 

7483 


MISS  RETURNING  FROM  A  VISIT  .   .    . 

8265 
MISTAKEN  NOTION,  THE      7232 
[MR.  BIRD  AND  MISS  SNOW] 
MR.  BURKE'S  pair  OF  SPECTACLES  FOR 

SHORT  SIGHTED  POLITICIANS   7858 
M^  DEPUTY  GUBBINS  AND  HIS  SPOUSE 

DRESSING    FOR    THE    MASQUERADE 

8046 
M»  EDWIN  IN  THE  CRUSADE      771 1 
M^     FOX     ADDRESSING     HIS     FRIENDS 

FROM  THE  king's  ARMS  TAVERN  .  .  . 

6423 
M^    FOX    APPEALLING    TO    HIS    CON- 
STITUENTS FROM  Y^^  KINGS  ARMS  . .  . 

6421 
M^  ROSEWARNE,  MEMBER  FOR  TRURO, 

PULLING  PETER  BY  THE  NOSE    743  2 

M^  Sheridan's  speech,  ...    7331 

M«S  PICKLES  mistake  OR  THE  NEW 
PAPA  DISAPPOINTED  WITH  JUSTICE 
shallow's  attempt  to  CHAIN  THE 
BRUTES      7835 

M^s  SIDDONS  OLD  KEMBLE  AND  HEN- 
DERSON REHEARSING  IN  THE  GREEN 
ROOM      7591  A 

[mock  election  procession  AT  WIN- 
CHESTER]     6607 

MODERN  ATLAS,  THE,  OR  MAN  OF  THE 
WORLD      7210 

MODERN  ATLASS,  THE      7840 

MODERN  CHERUB,  A      7965 

MODERN  COLOSSUS,  THE      6601 

MODERN  CROPS  IMPORTANTLY  EM- 
PLOYED     7961 

MODERN  DEFENCE  OR  THE  SIEGE  OF 
FORT  PHYLLIS      710I 

MODERN  EGBERT,  THE,  OR  THE  KING  OF 
KINGS      7479 

MODERN  FOX  CHACE,  THE, — OR  THE 
FOX  CHACING  THE  HOUNDS  1 784 
6418 

MODERN  HANNIBALS,  THE, — OR — 
PETTY  COAT  VALOUR      8024 

MODERN  HERCULES,  A      7 1 1 6 

MODERN  HERCULES  (tHE)  DESTROYING 
THE  HYDRA  OF  FANATACISM      75  80 

MODERN  HOSPITALITY,  —  OR  —  A 
FRIENDLY    PARTY    IN    HIGH    LIFE 

8075 
MODERN   PATRIOT   (a),    HARANGUING 

HIS  CONSTITUENTS      66 1 4 
MODERN  S^  GEORGE,  A      7258 


1047 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


MODERN  VENUS  (a),  OR  A  LADY  OF  THE 
PRESENT  FASHION  IN  THE  STATE  OF 
NATURE      8257 

MODERN  VENUS,  THE      7117 

MOLLY  MILTON,  THE  PRETTY  OYSTER 
WOMAN      7257 

MOMENT  OF  IMAGINATION,  THE 
6840 

MONEY  LENDERS      67 1 7 

MONSIEUR  FRANCOIS  INTRODUCES 
MASTER  PRIESTLEY  TO  THE  NA- 
TIONAL ASSEMBLY      8108 

MONSTER,  THE  (2)      7731,  7732 

MONSTER  BROKE  LOOSE  (THE) — OR — 
A  PEEP  INTO  THE  SHAKESPEARE 
GALLERY      7976 

MONSTER  CUTTING  A  LADY,  THE   7726 

MONSTER  DETECTED,  THE      7729 

MONSTER  DISAPPOINTED  OF  HIS  AFTER- 
NOON LUNCHEON,  THE, — OR  POR- 
RIDGE POTTS  PREFERABLE  TO  CORK- 
RUMPS      7727 

MONSTER  GOING  TO  TAKE  HIS  AFTER- 
NOONS LUNCHEON,  THE      7727  A 

MONSTER,  THE — THE  GUARDIAN  7662 

MONSTROUS  ASSASSIN,  THE,  OR  THE 
COWARD     TURN'D     BILL     STICKER 

7733 

MONSTROUS  CRAWS,  AT  A  NEW  COALI- 
TION FEAST      7166 

MONSTROUS  ELEGANT  ATTITUDE!,  A 
7712 

MONTGOLFIER  IN  THE  CLOUDS   .   .   . 

6435 
MORE  OF  WERTER — ^THE  SEPARATION 

7055 
MORE  WAYS  THAN  ONE  OR  THE  PATRIOT 

turn'd  preacher    6661 

MORNING  AFTER  MARRIAGE,  THE, — OR 
— ^A    SCENE    ON    THE    CONTINENT 
7298 
MORNING  PREPARATION      679O 
MOSES  CHUSING  HIS  COOK      7424 
MOSES,    ERECTING   THE   BRAZEN   SER- 
PENT, .  .  .      8263 
MOSES  GORDEN  OR  THE  WANDERING 

JEW      7423 
MOSES    THE  VICAR      76 1 9 
MOTHER  SHIPTON'S  PROPHECY      6674 
MOTION   FOR  RESTORING   HIS   HIGH- 
NESS TO  DIGNITY  ...      7162 
MOUNT   STREET   MERRIMENT   OR  THE 
TRIUMPH  OF  JUSTICE      8 1 7 1 


MUFF,  THE     7247 

mumping  fox,  the,  or  reynard 
turn'd  beggar    6624 

MUSICO-ORATORICAL      PORTRAIT,     A 

7953 

MY  ASS  IN  A  BAND  BOX      7793 

NAKED  TRUTH,  THE,  OR  THE  SWEET 
LITTLE  ANGEL  TURNED  OUT  FOR 
LORN      7981 

NAP  IN  THE  COUNTRY      6868 

NAP  IN  TOWN      6869 

NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY,  THE,  OR  MEET- 
ING OF  THE  THREE  ESTATES      7623 

NATIONAL  ASSEMBLY  PETRIFIED,  THE 
...      7883 

natty  lad,  the,  or  polish,  dwarf 
taking  an  airing    7220 

natural  crop,  a; — ^allas — ^a  nor- 
folk dumpling    8000 

nauticus    7964 

navy  victuallers  and  contract- 
ors reading  the  extraordinary 
gazette  announcing  the  spanish 
convention    7676 

necessary  war,  a,  or  quixotism 
revived  or  the  knight  of  the 
little  house    8 1 65 

neck  or  nothing    819i 

Neddy's  black  box    7499 

negotiation  for  a  coalition 
broken  off    8 1 39 

nest  for  puppies,  a,  or  the  fash- 
ionable bosom    7108 

nettle  between  two  roses,  a  78 1 6 

new  bastille    7656 

new  birth,  the    7565 

new  coalition,  the    6568 

new  coalition  1784,  the    6568  a 

new  coalition  mask,  a    6584 

NEW  COAT  OF  ARMS  (a)  GRANTED  TO 

THE  HEADS  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY  OF 

CAMBRIDGE  ...      7016 
NEW  FIELD  PREACHER  (a);  OR  WAYS  & 

MEANS  TO  PAY  AN  ELECTION  DEBT! 

p.  152 
NEW    FRENCH    BUSSING    MATCH    OR 

MORE  CURSING   &    SWEARING    FOR 

THE  ASSEMBLY      766 1 
NEW  INSECT,  A      67 1 8 
NEW    INVENTED     ELASTIC    BREECHES 

6723 
NEW  LECTURE  ON  HEADS      7 1 35 
NEW  MAIL  CARRIERS,  THE,  OR  MONT- 


1048 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


GOLFIER    AND     KATTERFELTO   .  .  . 

6705 
NEW  MAN  AFTER  GOD'S  OWN  HEART, 

THE      7977 
NEW  MODE  OF  PICKING  POCKETS,  THE 

p.  166 
NEW    PANTOMIME.     HARLEQUINE,     A 

6424 
NEW  PEERAGE,  THE,  OR  FOUNTAIN  OF 

HONOR      7183 
NEW  PRUSSIAN  EXERCISE,  THE,  OR  THE 

ALLIED  ARMIES  DISTRESSED  IN  THEIR 

REAR  .  .  .      8125 
NEW  ROAD  TO  RICHES,  A      6665 
NEW    WAY    OF    PRESERVING    HEALTH 

AND  BEAUTY,  A      7078 
NEW  WAY  TO  DESIDE  THE  SCRUTANY, 

A      6619 
NEW    WAY    TO    PAY    THE    NATIONAL 

DEBT,  A      694s 
NEW  WAY  TO  SECURE  A  MAJORITY,  A: 

OR,  NO  DIRTY  WORK  COMES  AMISS 

6572 
NEW  WEATHER  COCK  FOR  S^  STEPHENS 

CHAPEL       (a).         erected        1 784 

6503 

NIGHT  CONSTABLE,  THE      6879 

NIL  DESPERANDUM.  OR  THE  HANDS  OF 
COMFORT      p.  80 

NIMROD  (2)      7157,  7173 

NO  LONGER  SOUR  OR  FOX  IN  HIS 
GLORY      6517 

NO  SWALLOW  WITHOUT  AN  OPENING 
8060 

NOAH'S  ARK  IMPROVED,  OR  AN  AT- 
TEMPT TO  LAND  IN  THE  TEETH  OF 
THE  WIND      7639 

NOBLE  HIGGLERS,  THE      7075 

NOBLE  LORD  (a),  ON  AN  APPROACHING 
PEACE,  TOO  BUSY  TO  ATTEND  TO 
THE  EXPENDITURE  OF  A  MILLION  OF 
THE  PUBLIC  MONEY      7 1 5  O 

NON  COMMISSION  OFFICERS  EMBARK- 
ING FOR  BOTANY  BAY      6990 

NONE  BUT  THE  BRAVE  DESERVE  THE 
FAIR      7803 

NORFOLK  FARMER  (tHE)  PICKT  UP  BY 
A  DRURY  LANE  WARBLER     7207 

[north  AND  FOX  ATTACK  THE  IRISH 

propositions]    6789 
northern  colossus,  the,  or  earl 

TOADSTOOL  ARM'D  WITH  A  POLL  AXE 
6957 


NOTED  VraiST  PLAYER  AT  THE  CITY 

ASSEMBLY,  A      7600 
NOTTINGHAM  CHRONICLE,  THE     8 1 72 
N°  45  CANTERBURY  BANK      7839 
ODDITIES  (3)      8199,  8200,  8201 
OFFERING  TO  LIBERTY,  THE      7548 
**0H  THAT  THIS  TOO  TOO  SOLID  FLESH 

WOULD  MELT'*      8013 
OKEHAMPTON     ELECTORS     SKINNING 

UNSUCCESSFUL  CANDIDATES      7834 
OLD  BAILEY  ADVOCATE  BRINGING  OFF 

A  THIEF,  THE      7593 
OLD     CANTV^LL     CANVASSING     FOR 

LORD  JANUS      7348 
OLD  HEN  AND  CHICKEN  OF  THE  LAW, 

THE      6777 
OLD  MAIDS  DREAMING  OF  THE  MON- 
STER     7728 
ONE  WAY  TO  STOP  YOUR  HORSE     7234 

OPENING  OF  sT  Stephen's  chapel  for 

THE  PRESENT  SEASON,  THE      71 30 
OPPOSITION    COACHES      7323, 

7324 
OPPOSITION  MUSIC  OR  FREEDOM  OF 

ELECTION      7362 
OPPOSITIONS  ATTEMPT  TO  RAISE  THE 

DEAD      7283 
ORATORS  JOURNEY,  THE      6776 
ORDINANCE  DREAM,  AN,  OR  PLANING 

OF  FORTIFICATIONS      6920 
ORDNANCE  SEE-SAW      6373 
ORIGIN  OF  THE  GOUT,  THE      688 1 
ORMOND    STREET    ALEXANDER    (THE) 

killing  his  bucephalus  with  a 
look!!!    6663 
ornaments  of  chelsea  hospital; 
— or — ^a  peep  into  the  last  cen- 
TURY     7583 
ORPHEUS  AND  EURIDICE      673 1 
OUT  OF  FITS,  OR  THE  RECOVERY     8253 
OUT  OF  PLACE  (p.  21 7)    3773 
OVERTHROW  OF  THE  ARTS!      783 1 
OYSTERS,  OYSTERS,  I  USED  FOR  TO  CRY 

8177 
PACIFIC    ENTRANCE  OF  EARL — WOLF 
INTO  BLACKHAVEN,  THE      8 1 55 

PADDY  o  Pitt's  triumphal  exit!! 

6799 

PADLOCK,  THE.  TO  BE  OR  NOT  TO  BE. 

A  queen!  .  .  .  6941 

PAILLE  d'AVOINE      7085 

pain  sin  and  the  devil  ...    8 1 52 
pandemonium    6372 


1049 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


PAR  NOBILE      6780 
PARADISE  REGAIN,D      64 1 6 
PARLIAMENT  SAMPSON,   THE,  FIGHT- 
ING WITH  HIS  JAW      6420 
PARLIAMENTARY  MEETING  1786  69 1 5 
PARLIAMENTARY  PERSONALITIES  7x54 
PARLIMENT  SECURITY  OR  A  BORROUGH 

IN  RESERVE      6559 
PARMASAN  CHEESE      7074 
PARODY,  THE, — OR  MOTHER  COLE  AND 

LOADER      6514 
PARSON  AND  THE  HENS,  THE      7752 
PART  THE  FIRST  .   .   .  AS  IT  IS.    THE 

GAMBLERS      6772 
PART  THE  SECOND.  AS  IT  OUGHT  TO  BE 

6779 
PARTY  OF  THE  SANS  CULOTTE  ARMY 

MARCHING    TO    THE    FRONTIER,    A 

8123 
PATENT-BOLSTERS ; — LE  MO  Y^N  D '  ETRE 

EN-BON-POINT      7975 
PATENT  FOR  KNIGHTHOOD      8118 
PATIENCE  IN  A  PUNT      8206 
PATIENCE  IN  A  PUNT  N^  2      8207 
*  ^PATIENCE  ON  A  MONUMENT' '      797 1 
patient's  PAROXYSM,  THE;  OR,  THE 

DOCTOR  OUTWITTED  6744 
PATRIOT  EXALTED,  THE  8067 
PATRIOTIC  BURGHERS  ATTACKING  THE 

HOUSE  OF  ORANGE      7 1 72 
PATRIOTS    AMUSING    THEMSELVES; — 

OR — SWEDES  PRACTISING  AT  A  POST 

8082 

paul  before  felix  or  the  high 

balif  disconcerted    6635 
peace!!!    7684 
peachum  and  lockit    7627 
pedagogue,  the    7780 
peep  at  st.  peter,  a,  or  the  poet  in 

A  PICKLE      7586 
PEEP  AT  THE  GARTERS,  A      6833 
PEEP  BEHIND  THE  CURTAIN  AT  DRURY 

LANE,  A      7484 
PEEP   BEHIND   THE  CURTAIN  AT  THE 

WIDOW  BELMOUR      7736 
PEEP  BELOW  STAIRS  A  DREAM      66 1 6 
PEEP  INTO  FRIAR  BACON'S  STUDY,  A 

6436 
PEEP  INTO  THE  SHAKESPEARE  GALLERY, 

A      7976 
PEERLESS  SCRUB,  THE      7957 
PEGAS  AND  PETER  ON  A  LEVEL   .    .   . 

7587 


PENNY  BARBER,  A      7605 

PERDITA  UPON  HER  LAST  LEGS      6655 

PERFORMANCE  IN  HOLLAND  IN  SEPT^ 

&  OCT«  1787      7177 
PERFORMED  AT  THE  LITTLE  THEATRE 

WITH  GREAT  APPLAUSE      7057 
PERMANENT  PIECE  ON  A  FIRM  BASIS !, 

A      7175 
*PERRUQUIER  PATRIOTE,  LE,  p.  269 
PERRY-LOUS   SITUATION,   A;    OR   THE 
DOCTOR  AND  HIS  FRIENDS  KEEPING 
THE  BUMBRUSHER  AND  HER  MYRMI- 
DONS AT  BAY      7991 
PERSEUS  AND  ANDROMEDA      6732 
PETER     ADMIRING     HIMSELF     WHILE 

PLAYING  ON  THE  FIDDLE      7433 
PETER  FIG  THE  LITTLE  GROCER,  COM- 
MONLY CALL'd  COUNT  FIG       7596 

[peter's  pension]    7399 
petit  souper,  a  la  parisienne; — or 
— a  family  of  sans-culottes  re- 
freshing themselves  after  the 
fatigues  of  the  day    8 1 22 
petite  maitresse,  a    7968 
petitioning  candidate  for  west- 
minster, the    6602 
[petitioning  cantabs,  the]    7017 
philip     quarrel     the     english 
hermit  and  beau  fidelle  the 
mischievous  she  monkey  .  .  . 

7724 
PHILOSOPHY    RUN    MAD    OR    A    STU- 
PENDOUS   MONUMENT    OF    HUMAN 

WISDOM      8150 
PHYSICAL  ANTIQUARIAN      7466 
PICTURESQUE  BEAUTIES   OF  BOSWELL 

7031-7050 
PIG  IN  A  POKE,  A      7100 
PIG  IN  A  POKE.   VraiST,  WHIST     7422 
PIT  DOOR,  THE.  LA  PORTE  DU  PARTERRE 

6769 
PIT  OF  ACHERON,  THE,  OR  THE  BIRTH 

OF  THE  PLAGUES  OF  ENGLAND   6364 
PITT  FALL,  THE      7475 
PLATONIC  LOVERS,  THE      67 1 4 
PLEASURE  OF  BEING  KICK'd   OUT  OF 

COMPANY,  THE      7995 
PLUM    PUDDING    BILLY    IN    ALL    HIS 

GLORY      6471 
PLUMPERS    FOR    S^    JUDAS,    OR    THE 

CHELSEA  PENSIONERS  REVENGE  6502 
POINT  BLANK  AT  THE  CONSTITUTION 

...      7488 


1050 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


POINT  OF  HONOUR,  A      82 1 4 
POLISH  DWARF  PERFORMING  BEFORE 

THE  GRAND  SEIGNIOR,  THE      7065 
POLITE  ALDERMAN,  THE,  ADVANCING 

TO  FUTURE  HAPPINESS      82 1 5 
POLITE   AMUSEMENT    OR   AN   EXHIBI- 
TION   OF    BRUTE    BEASTS    AT    THE 
LYCEUM      8019 
POLITESSE   FRANgOISE,    LA,    OR,    THE 
ENGLISH  LADIES  PETITION  TO  HIS 
EXCELLENCE  THE   MUSHROOM   AM- 
BASSADOR     6716 
POLITICAL  ACADEMY,  A      7554 
POLITICAL  AFFECTION      6546 
POLITICAL-BANDITTI  ASSAILING   THE 

SAVIOUR  OF  INDIA      6955 
POLITICAL  BEGGAR,  THE      6500 
POLITICAL    BLIND-BUFF    MAN,    THE, 
OR  THE  MINISTERIAL  EXPEDIENCY 
7847 
POLITICAL  BOG-HOUSE,  THE      6626 
POLITICAL  boxing;   OR,   AN  ATTACK 

AT  THE  WOOLSACK      8097 
POLITICAL  CERBERUS,  THE      6481 
POLITICAL  CONTEST,  THE      7136 
POLITICAL  CUDGELLERS,  THE,  OR  THE 
MACE  OF  THE  HOUSE  OF  COMMONS 
RENDERED  OF  NO  SERVICE      6501 
POLITICAL  GAME  COCKS,  THE      6598 
POLITICAL  GAME  OF  SHUTTLECOCK  OR 
FLUCTUATION  OF  INDIA  STOCK  6400 
POLITICAL  HYDRA,  THE      7385 
POLITICAL  MONSTERS  GOING  TO  WEST- 
MINSTER     7505 
POLITICAL  PARACHUTE,  A  COALITION 

EXPERIMENT      68 1 2 
POLITICAL  PLAYTHINGS  FOR  PROSTI- 
TUTE PATRIOTS      7865 
POLITICAL    RAT    CATCHER    OR    JACK 
RENEGADO'S    NEW    PATENT  TRAP's 
6427 
POLITICAL  REBELLION,  THE      6489 
POLITICAL    SAMPSON    (tHE)    IN    RE- 
VENGE SETS  FIRE  TO  THE  COUNTRY 

p.  150 
POLITICAL  SCULPTERS      6401 
POLITICAL  SHAVER,  THE      6577 
POLITICAL  SPARRING.  FOR  THE  AMUSE- 
MENT OF  ENGLISH  SPANISH  FRENCH 
AND  DUTCH  MASTERS  AND   MISSES 
7671 
POLITICAL  WARRIOR  MOWING  DOWN 
THE  RUSSIAN  TRADE,  THE      784 1 


WEEPING    WILLOW,    THE 
8133 


POLITICAL 
7860 

POLITICIANS,  THE 

POLITICS      8033 

POLITICS  INSIDE-OUT — ^A  FARCE   7 1 78 

POLL,  THE      6526 

POOR  BLACKS  GOING  TO  THEIR  SETTLE- 
MENT, THE      7127 

POOR  DICK,  THE  HOLIDAY  ADMIRAL 
RETURNED  TO  PORT,  AFTER  SEARCH- 
ING IN  VAIN  FOR  THE  SPANISH 
FLEET      7677 

POOR  jack!    7817 

POOR  OLD  DRURY  IN  THE  HAYMARKET 
801 1 

POOR  VULCAN  AND  HIS  CYLOPS  PRE- 
PARING IMPEACHMENT  PROOF  6948 

POPULAR  frenzy;  or,  the  DEMOLI- 
TION OF  s^  Stephen's  chapel 
6438 

PORTLAND  INVENTION      763 1  [2] 
POST  HASTE  CONVEYANCE  FOR  SCOT- 
TISH MEMBERS,  A      63  8 1 
POST  HORSE  DUTY      7 1 59 

POT  (the)  calling  the  kettle  black 

A  OR  TWO  OF  A  TRADE  CAN  NEVER 
AGREE      7910 
POWER      OF      beauty; — S'T      CECILIA 
CHARMING  THE  BRUTE  ...      8 1 58 
PRACTICAL  CHRISTIANITY,  p.  898 
PRAY    REMEMBER    THE    5^"    OF    NO- 
VEMBER, huzza!     7255 

PRECEPTOR  AND  PUPIL      6585 
PRE-FACE  TO  BELLENDENUS      7 1 85 
PRELUDE    TO    THE    RIOT    IN    MOUNT 

STREET      8170 
PRESENT  STATE  OF  THE  NATION,  OR, 

WHAT'S  SAVED  AT  THE  SPIGOT  LET 

OUT  AT  THE  BUNGHOLE      7842 
PRESERVER    OF    THE    CHURCH    FROM 

FANATICISM,  THE      7579 
PRIEST,  THE      7779 
PRIM/E  LIN^      6697 
PRINCE  (a) — ^AND — ^A  POLTRON     7533 

prince  at  grass,  the    7 1 67 
prince  in  clover,  the    7 1 68 
prince  not  in  state,  the    6982 
prince  pitt    7389 
prince  william's  defeat  or  the 

treasury  stormed    7494 
prince's  bow,  the    7439 
princes  disastar,  the,  or  a  fall  in 

FITZ      7337 


105 1 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


prince's  nursery,  the,  or  nine 

months  after  marriage    6954 
princess's   bow   alias   the   bow 

BEGUM      7309 
PRINT  SALE,  A      7446 
PRIVATE  AMUSEMENT      7066 
PRIVATE  REHEARSAL  OF  JANE  SHORE,  A 

7737 
PRIZE,    ha!  ha!  ha!    blank,   oh! 

DAMN  IT      7761 

PRO  BONO  PUBLICO  THE  POLITICAL 
CLUSTER  IN  TERROREM      6627 

PROCESSION,  THE      7042 

PROCESSION  TO  THE  HUSTINGS      7658 

PROCESSION  TO  THE  HUSTINGS  AFTER 
A  SUCCESSFUL  CANVASS      6564 

PRODIGAL  SON,  THE      7 1 29 

PRODIGAL  SON  IN  MISERY,  THE      8229 

PRODIGAL  SON  RETURNED  HOME  RE- 
CLAIMED, THE      8230 

PRODIGAL  SON  REVELLING  WITH  HAR- 
LOTS, THE      8228 

PRODIGAL  SON  TAKING  LEAVE,  THE 
8227 

PROGRESS  OF  PASSION,  THE      8104 

PROMISING  BUDGET  (a),  OR,  lOHN 
BULL  SUCKING  IT  IN      8065 

PROPAGATION  OF  A  LIE,  THE      72 30 

PROPAGATION  OF  A  TRUTH.  1 789,  THE 
7482 

PROSPECT  BEFORE  US,  THE  (3)  7383, 
8007,  8008 

PROTHEUS  ON  PRIVILEGES      7825 

PROVINCIAL  deputy's  MAIDEN  SPEECH 
TO    THE    NATIONAL    ASSEMBLY,    A 

7695 
PROVINCIAL         GENERAL        BUTTONS 

MARCHING     TO     SARATOGA     WITH 

PLUNDER      6996 
PROVOCATION,  THE      7672 
PRUSSIAN   BOBADILS,   RETURNING  TO 

BERLIN!!!!!!!     8126 

PRUSSIAN  PRIZE-FIGHTER  AND  HIS 
ALLIES  ATTEMPTING  TO  TAME  IM- 
PERIAL KATE  .  .  .      7827 

PSALM  SINGING  IN  THE  CHAPEL  ROYAL 
8089 

PUBLIC  CREDIT,  OR,  THE  STATE  IDOL 
7872 

PUBLIC  INFLUENCE,  OR  A  SCRAMBLE 
FOR  CORONETS  .  .  .      663 1 

PUBLISHED  BY  ORDER  OF  THE  SOCIETY 
FOR    CONSTITUTIONAL     INFORMA- 


TION     BY      D.      ADAMS      SECRET^ 

7859 
PUERILE  ATTACK  ON  AN  OLD  SERVANT, 

A      7151 
PUGILISTIC  ARGUMENT,  A      77 1 9 
PUGILISTIC  PUPPY,  THE.     THE  COM- 
PLYING PUPPIESS      7959 
PUGILISTICK  CLUB,  A      7602 
PULPIT  EXTRAVAGANZAS      7643 
PURGING  DRAUGHT  FOR  EXTRACTING 
DIAMONDS   FROM  THE  RICH   MINE 
OF  BENGALL      7295 
PURITANICAL  AMUSEMENTS  REVIVED! 

7632 
PUTNEY  DISASTER,  THE,  ...  (2)    7090, 

7091 
PYLADES  AND  ORESTES      6786 
QUARREL  &  RECONCILIATION      73 1 7 
QUARREL    BETWEEN    THE    POLITICAL 
BUILDERS,  THE,  OR  OPINIONS  DIA- 
METRICALLY OPPOSITE      7856 
QUARRELSOME  FELLOW,  THE      7588 
QUEEN  OF  CLUBS,  THE      6983 
QUEEN    OF    HEARTS     COVER'd    WITH 

DIAMONDS,  THE      6978 
queen's  ASS,  THE      7 1 5  6 
queen's  ASS  (the)  loaded  WITH  THE 
SPOILS     OF     INDIA     AND     BRITAIN 

7384 

QUESTIONS  &  COMMANDS:  OR,  THE 
MISTAKEN  ROAD  TO  HEREFORD  .  .  . 
7266 

QUIZ      7061 

QUORNITES  DISTURB'd,  THE,  OR  START- 
LING THE  GAME      8001 

RABBITS,  THE      82 1 7 

RACE  FOR  A  CROWN,  A      6459 

RAIN  BEAU,  A      7794 

RAPE  OF  HELEN,  THE      8 1 66 

RARA-AVIS,  THE,  OR  THE  DEVIL  TURND 
BIRD  CATCHER      6414 

RARE  NEWS  FROM  INDIA,  OR,  THINGS 
GOING  ON  SWIMMINGLY  IN  THE 
EAST     7928 

RAREE  SHOW,  THE      7273 

RATIFICATION  OF  THE  COVENANT 
7687 

RECENT  DISMISSION,  A      7985 

RECENT  FRACAS  AT  M^  ROUND- 
ABOUT'S PHARO  BANK      8 1 67 

RECEPTION  OF  THE  DIPLOMATIQUE  & 
HIS  SUITE,  AT  THE  COURT  OF  PEKIN, 
THE     8l2I 


1052 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


RECONCILIATION,  THE      7045 

RECOVERY,  THE      7047 

RECRUITING     OFFICER,     THE,     OR,     A 

MATRIMONIAL  TRIP  TO  THE  CONTI- 

NET      7903 
RECRUITING  PARTY,  A      7800 
RECRUITING     SERJEANT     TAKEN     IN, 

THE,    OR    ALL   FAIR  ABOVE   BOARD 

8034 
REFORMATION — OR,  THE  WONDERFUL 

EFFECTS   OF  A  PROCLAMATION  !  !  ! 

7182 
REFORMING  PEER,  THE      7895  A 
REGENCY  TWELFTH  CAKE  NOT  CUT  UP, 

THE     7509 
REGUM  ET  REGINARUM  HI  SUNT  GLORI- 

OSISSIMI  GESTUS      7322 
REHEARSAL  IN  HOLLAND  1 787      7 1 76 
REHEARSING  A  COTILION      82 1 0 
[rehearsing   in  the   GREEN   ROOM] 

7591 
RENVERSEMENT,  THE      8 1 57 
REPEAL  OF  THE  TEST  ACT  A  VISION 

7628 
REPORT,  THE      7148 
REPORT    FROM    THE    SURVEYORS,    A 

8017 
REPRESENTATION   OF  RYNWICK    .    .    . 

WILLIAMS,  A      7730 
REPRESENTATION  (a)  OF  THE  HORRID 

BARBARITIES  PRACTISED  UPON  THE 

NUNS  BY  THE  FISHER- WOMEN  .  .  . 

8109 
REPRESENTATION   (a)   OF  THE  TURKS 

THREATENED  WITH  WAR,  LEARNING 

IN  A  HURRY  THE  FRENCH  MANUAL 

EXERCISE     7189 
RESIGNATION  THE  GREATEST  OF  ALL 

VIRTUES      8098 
RESIST  UNTO  BLOOD  .  .  .      8004 
RESTORATION  DRESSES      7522 
RESTORATION  DRESSING  ROOM      7523 
RESTRICTED  REGENCY,  THE      7486 

retaliation;    or   the    CUDGELLER 

CAUGHT      6691 

RETURN  FROM  A  MASQUERADE — ^A 
MORNING  SCENE      6763 

RETURN  FROM  BRIGHTON,  OR  A  JOUR- 
NEY TO  THE  TOWN  FOR  THE  WINTER 
SEASON      6989 

RETURN  FROM  MARGATE,  THE      6758 

RETURN  TO  THE  POLITICAL  ARK,  THE 
7682 


RETURNING  FROM  A  REVIEW  AT  THE 
CHAMP  DE  MARS  .  .  .      8275 

RETURNING  FROM  BROOKS'S      6528 

REVERIE  OF  PRINCE  DEMETRIUS  CANTE- 
MIRE,  OSPIDAR  OF  MOLDAVIA  7307 

REVISING  FOR  THE  SECOND  EDITION 
7041 

REVOLUTION      7665 

REVOLUTION  ANNIVERSARY  OR,  PATRI- 
OTIC INCANTATION      7890 

REVOLUTION  PILLAR      7489 

REVOLUTION  PILLAR,  1 788,  THE  7396 

REVOLUTION  TOAST  (a),  AS  GIVEN  ON 
THE  14TH  OF  JULY  BY  THE — ^REVO- 
LUTION SOCIETY      7894 

REYNARD  CAUGHT  AT  LAST  OR  THE 
FOX  IN  THE  PITT      6455 

REYNARD  PUT  TO  HIS  SHIFTS      655 1 

REYNARD  TURND  HARLEQUIN  OR  THE 
LAST  SHIFT      6498 

REYNARD^  DOUBT — ^AND  HIS  FRIENDS 
COMFORTING  HIM      p.  1 23 

Reynard's  hope,  a  scene  in  the 

TEMPEST  ...      6535 

reynard*s  last  shift    6466 

RICH  WIDOW,  THE.  THE  FORTUNE 
HUNTER      7620 

RIDE  FOR  RIDE  OR  SECRET  INFLUENCE 
REWARDED      6596 

RIGHT-HONOURARLE,  A,  ALIAS  A  SANS 
CULOTTE      8142 

RT  H0N»"  C^  JS  fox  (the)  SHEWING 
BRITTANIA  THE  DIABOLICAL  MUR- 
DERS &C  COMMITTED  IN  INDIA  .  .  . 

6519 
RIGHT  HON:  (the)  C.  J.  FOX'S  SCRUTINY 

OF  HIS  AMIABLE  COLLEAGUE  LORD 

NORTH      6615 
RIGHT  REV  (the)  VOLUNTEER  BISHOP 

OF  DERRY  (2)      6653,  6654 

rights  of  man  alias  french  liberty 
alias  entering  volunteers  for 
the  republic    7853 

* 'rights  of  man,  the; — or— tommy 
paine,  the  little  american  tay- 
lor, taking  the  measure  of  the 

CROWN  .  .  .      7867 
RISE  OF  INDIA  STOCK,  THE,  &  SINKING 

FUND  OF  OPPOSITION      6394 
RISE  OF  THE  STOCKS,  THE      6959 
RISING  OF  PARLIAMENT,  THE      6477 
RIVAL   CANDIDATES,   THE   (2)      65  lO, 

8267 


1053 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


RIVAL  CANVESSERS,  THE      663 1 
RIVAL  DUTCHESSES,  THE;  OR  THE  ROYAL 

QUARTETTE      7926 
RIVAL  QUACKS,  THE      6398 
RIVAL  QUEENS,  THE.   OR  A  POLITICAL 

HEAT  FOR  REGE  &  GREGE      7501 
RIVALS  THE,  OR  THE  MAN  &  WOMAN 

OF  THE   PEOPLE   IN   CONJUNCTION 

7333 

ROAD  TO  RUIN      8073 

ROAD  TO  RUIN,  THE      8235 

ROBIN  HOOD  &  JOHN      7659 

ROBIN  hood's  VICTORY  OVER  PAM, 
THE  king's  IMMACULATE  CHAM- 
PION     6556 

ROCHESTER  ADDRESS,  THE,  OR  THE 
CORPORATION  GOING  TO  EAT  ROAST 
PORK  &  OYSTERS  WITH  THE  REGENT 
7521 

ROGUE  IN  GRAIN,  A      7070 

ROGUE  IN  GRAIN  PROPERLY  EXALTED, 
A      6838 

ROI ESCLAVE,  LE,  OU  LES  SUJETS  ROIS . . . 
7560 

[rOLLIAD,  TITLE  PAGE  OF]      68 1 7 

ROMP,  THE      6875 

ROUT,  A      7746 

ROYAL  ACADEMY,  THE      6944 

ROYAL  CAPTAIN,  THE      7296 

ROYAL  DIPPING      7544 

ROYAL  DUEL,  THE      7532 

ROYAL  JANUS,  THE, — OR — ^TWO  FACES 
UNDER  A  HOOD      6366 

ROYAL  JOKE, — OR — BLACK  JACK*S  DE- 
LIGHT     7306 

ROYAL  JOKE, — OR — SAWBRIDGE's  DE- 
LIGHT     7306  A 

ROYAL      MINUET,      THE, — OR — SAW- 

bridge's  delight     7306  B 

ROYAL  SAILOR,  THE      8280 

ROYAL  SAILOR,  THE.    LITTLE  PICKLE 

7925 
ROYAL  SALUTE,  A      792O 
ROYAL  SOCIETY,  THE      6943 
ROYAL  TASTE      6984 
ROYAL   TOAST,   THE.    FAT,   FAIR,  AND 

FORTY      6927 
RUFFIAN  DUKE,  THE      7958 
RULES    FOR    DRAWING    CARICATURAS 

7456 
RUMP  PARLIAMENT,  THE      7 1 04 
RURAL  FELICITY      6749 
RUSSIAN   BEAR   (THE)    &   HER   INVIN- 


CIBLE RIDER  ENCOUNTERING  THE 
BRITISH  LEGION      7844 

RUSTICS  (the)  ALARM'd  AT  THE  AP- 
PEARANCE OF  A  LONDON  BUCK 
7805 

SACREFICES  FORCES,  LES      7553 

SACRIFICE  TO  SLAVERY  (a)  DEDICATED 
WITHOUT  PERMISSION  TO  THE  PUP- 
PET PLAYER  IN  DOWNING  STREET 
7124 

SAD  AND  DARK  EFFECT  OF  THE  TAXES 
OF  1784,  THE      6630 

SAD  DISCOVERY,  THE,  OR  THE  GRACE- 
LESS APPRENTICE      6865 

SAILING  AMONG  THE  HEBRIDES      7048 

SAILORS  POLED,  THE      7367 

ST.  GEORGE  &  THE  DRAGON  &  MAD^^^ 
RIPOSTING      7557 

s^  Giles's  beauty,  a    6765 

s^  James's  beauty,  a    6764 

ST.  James's  st.  Giles's    8198 

ST.  Stephen's  madhouse;  or,  the 

INAUGURATION  OF  KING  WILLIAM 

THE  FOURTH      7495 
SALE   OF   ENGLISH   BEAUTIES    IN   THE 

EAST  INDIES      7014,  7014  A 
SALE  OF  THEX^ABINET  STUD,  A     7 1 49 
SALLY  FROM  SAM's,  A,  OR  FOX  CAN- 
VASSING     6479 
SALUS  IN  FUGA    LA  FRANCE  SE  PURGE 

PETIT  A  PETIT      7663 
SAMSONIC  LODGE      7749 
SANDWICH,  A      7421,  7421  A 
SAPIENT  SEPTEMVIRI,  THE      7027 
SATAN  HARANGUING  HIS  TROOPS  AFTER 

THEIR  DEFEAT      6482 
SATAN      HARANGUING      HIS      TROOPS 

PREVIOUS  TO  ACTION      6383 
SATAN    IN    ALL    HIS    GLORY; — OR — 

PETER  PINDAR  CROUCHING  TO  THE 

DEVIL      8156 

Satan's  journey  from  hell    p.  74 

SAWNEY  SCOT  AND  JOHN  BULL     8 1 88 
SCENE  AFTER  A  DUEL,  A,  OR  THE  SUR- 
GEON DRESSING  THE  DUKE'S  WOUNDS 

7534 
SCENE  AT  CHELTENHAM,  A      7358 
SCENE  AT  THE  NEW  THEATRE  COVENT 

GARDEN,  A      6536 
SCENE  IN  A  COUNTRY  TOWN  AT  THE 

TIME  OF  A  RACE      8243 
SCENE  IN  THE  GAMESTER,  A      8062 
SCENE  IN  THE  ROAD  TO  RUIN      8083 


1054 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


SCENE  IN  THE  SCHOOL  FOR  SCANDAL,  A 

6968 
SCENE  ON  TUESDAY  THE  26TH  OF  MAY 

BETWEEN,  A  PRINCE — ^AND — A  POL- 

TRON,  A      7533 
SCHOLAR  LAMENTING  THE  DEPARTURE 

OF  HIS  MASTER,  THE      7870 
SCHOOL  FOR  SCANDAL,  THE      7440 
SCOTCH  ARMS,  THE      7 1 25 
SCOTCH  BREEZE,  A,  SCENE  NEW  BRIDGE 

EDINBURGH      6698 
SCOTCH  ELOQUENCE  OR  THE  DETER- 
MINATION OF  A  LOYAL  KINGDOM 

6391 
SCOTCH  WEDDING      7594 
SCOTCH-HARRY's     NEWS ; — OR — ^NIN- 

CUMPOOP  IN  HIGH  GLEE      8094 
SCOTTIFYING  THE  PALATE      7040 
SCOTTISH  [?]     PILGRIMS     ON     THEIR 

JOURNEY  TO  ST.  STEPHENS  CHAPEL 

6390 
SCREECH-OWL    (THE)    AND    THE    ASS 

6673 
SCRUB      7053 
SCRUB  &  BONNIFACE  OR  THREE  BRAVE 

LADS  AGAINST  ONE  POOR  ROSCIUS 

7743 
SCRUTINY,  THE,  OR  EXAMINATION  OF 

THE  FILTH      6553 
SEALS  IN  COMMISHION,  THE,  OR  THE 

DOWNFALL  OF  LORD  THRUMB    7398 
SECOND  HOLIDAY  FOR  JOHN  GILPIN, 

A,    OR   A    VOYAGE   TO    VAUX-HALL 

6901 
SECRET    INFLUENCE    DIRECTING    THE 

NEW  PARLIAMENT      6587 
SEDITION    AND     ATHEISM     DEFEATED 

7635 

SEDITION,  LEVELLING  AND  PLUNDER- 
ING; OR,  THE  PRETENDED  FRIENDS 
OF  THE  PEOPLE  IN  COUNCIL 
813I  A 

SEIGE  OF  BLENHEIM — OR — THE  NEW 
SYSTEM  OF  GUNNING,  DISCOVERD 
7980 

SELF  MURDER  OR  THE  WOLF  TRIED 
AND  CONVICTED  ON  HIS  OWN  EVI- 
DENCE     7899 

SERGENT  RECRUTEUR      7559 

SETTING  OUT  FROM  EDINBURGH    7039 

SETTLING  THE  IRISH  AFFAIRS,  OR, 
PARTY  MATTERS  BURIED  IN  A  STONE 
COFFIN      8246 


1784,   OR,  THE  FASHIONS  OF  THE 

DAY      6720 
SFORZA      6473 

SHADOW  OF  OPPOSITION,  THE      7289 
SHAKESPEARE  SACRIFICED ; — OR — THE 

OFFERING  TO  AVARICE  7584 
SHAKESPEREAN  SCENE,  A  6974 
SHARP  BETWEEN  TWO  FLATS,  A    3762 

(p.  881) 
SHEW-MAN  SHEWN,  THE      7664 
[shop  TAX,  the]      6940 
SHOT  AT  A  cock;  OR,  AN  ALARM  OF 

ASSASSINATION      8 1 53 
SHOT   AT   THE   MINISTER   (a),    FOR  A 

CALL  OF  THE  HOUSE      7 1 37 
SHOWER,  A,  OR  ANY  PORT  IN  A  STORM 

7105 
SICK  PRINCE,  THE      7170 
SIDE   BOX   AT  THE   OPERA,   A      6531, 

P-955 
SIG.    LUNARDl'S    GRAND    TRIUMPHAL 

ENTRY  .  .  ,      6880 

[sign-painters'  workshop]    7770 
sin,  death,  and  the  devil    8105 

SINK  PORTS      813s 

[sir   CECIL   WRAY   IN  THE  PILLORY] 
6576 

SIR  Cecil's  budget  for  paying  the 

NATIONAL  DEBT      6475 
SIR  HARRY  HARMLESS      702I 
SIR  JEFFERY  DUNSTAN  PRESENTING  AN 
ADDRESS  FROM  THE  CORPORATION 
OF  GARRATT      8266 
SIR  JUDAS  WRECKED  ON  A  SEA  OF  DIS- 
APPOINTMENT     6574 
S^    peter!    the    KING    OF    THE    OLD 

SCHOOL      8l8l 
[sir  WATKIN  LEWES  RIDING  A  RAM] 

6613 
S"*  WATTY  ON  FULL  GALLOP  TO  THE 

ELECTION      6509 
SIR  ZEALOUS  GODFREY  GIVING  A  BOUIL- 
LON     RAFFRAICHISSANT      TO      HIS 
FRIENDS      6508 
SIX    PRINTS    FROM    THE    RENOVi^ED 
HISTORY  OF  JOHN  GILPIN      6893-8 
SIX  STAGES  OF  MARRING  A  FACE      8 1 75 
SIX  STAGES  OF  MENDING  A  FACE     8 1 74 
SIX   VOTERS    MADE    OUT    OF    ONE    IN 
FAVOUR  OF  LORD  JOHN  TOWNSHEND 

7363 
SKAITING  SCENE  IN  HYDE  PARK      6884 
SKETCH  FROM  HIGHLIFE,  A      p.  796 


1055 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


SKETCH  FROM  NATURE,  A      6719 

SKETCH  OF  POLITICKS  IN  EUROPE 
24"^"  JANUARY  1786      6917 

SKINS  WHIPPER  IN  TO  ESQU*  EUCLID 
IN  OXFORDSHIRE      7742 

SLAVE  TRADE,  THE      7303 

SLAVERY    FREEDOM      7546  A 

[sleepy  CONGREGATION,  a]      6842 

SLOV^  &  SURE  DELIVERANCE,  AN  ANTI- 
CIPATION SKETCH      7297 

SMART,  A      7784 

SMELLING  OUT  A  RAT; — OR — ^THE 
ATHEISTICAL  REVOLUTIONIST  DIS- 
TURBED IN  HIS  MIDNIGHT  "CALCU- 
LATIONS'*     7686 

SMOAKING  CLUB,  THE      8220 

SMOKING  CLUB,  A      8205 

snip's  V7AREH0USE  FOR  READY  MADE 
CLOATHS  .  .  .      8036 

so!  so!  THE  RACE  WAS  FOR  A  HUSBAND 
7430 

soldier's  RETURN,  THE, — OR — ^RARE 
NEWS  FOR  OLD  ENGLAND      79 1 6 

SOLILOQUY  OF  REYNARD ! ,  THE      65 1 2 

SOLO  ON  THE  VIOL  DA  GAMBA,  A    8264 

SOLOMON  IN  THE  CLOUDS !!      6486 

SOUR  PROSPECT  BEFORE  US,  THE,  OR 
THE  INS  THROWING  UP      7500 

SPANISH  MESSENGER      7653 

SPANISH  RUPTURE  .  .  .      7662 

SPARRING  MATCH,  A      7807 

SPARTAN  BOY,  THE      6782 

SPENCER  &  A  THREAD-PAPER,  A     8 1 92 

SPHERE  PROJECTING  AGAINST  A  PLANE, 
A      8054 

SPIRIT  OF  THE  LATE  EARL  OF  CHAT- 
HAM (the)  to  HIS  SON  BILLY    6800 

SPOUTING      8160 

SPRING  AND  WINTER      691 1 

SQUIRE  MINIKIN      7228 

STAGE  BOX  SCENE,  A      7244 

STAND.  1 79 1,  A      8042 

state  auction,  the    6469 
state  butchers    7474 
[state  of  the  nation,  the]    6485 
state  of  the  poll  with  the  can- 
didates during  the  election 

7364 
STATE  SPANIALS  AFTER  THE  DUCK,  THE 

6429 
STATE-COBLER,  THE      6936 
STATE-JUGGLERS      73  20 
STATE  NURSES,  THE     6448 


STAY-MAKER  TAKING  A  PLEASING  CIR- 
CUMFERENCE, THE      6766 

STEWARD,  THE      722 1 

STOCK  EXCHANGE      6803 

STRATH  SPEY  OR  NEW  HIGHLAND  REEL 
AS  DANCED  AT  SEATON  DELAVAL,  A 

7741 
STREET  WALKERS      7080 
STROKE  AT  THE  PLENIPO,  OR  MARY'S 

MISTAKE      8012 
STROLLING  PLAYER,  A      8028 
STRONG  SYMPTOMS  OF  KICKING    76 1 1 
STRONG     SYMPTOMS     OF     STARTING 

7610 
STRUGGLE  FOR  A  BENGAL  BUTCHER  & 

AN  IMP-PIE,  THE      7285 
STRUGGLE,  THE,  OR  COMPULSIVE  RE- 
SIGNATION     81 1 1 
STRUGGLES  OF  VIRTUE,  THE      7754 
STUDYING    POLITICS,    OR    THE    BON 

COMPANIONS      7806 
SUBLIME  AND  BEAUTIFUL  REFLECTIONS 

ON  THE  FRENCH  REVOLUTION,  OR 

THE  MAN  IN  THE  MOON  AT  LAST 

7689 
SUBLIME  ORATORY — ^A  DISPLAY  OF  IT 

7270 
SUCH  THINGS  ARE     7253 
SUCH     THINGS     ARE — SUCH     THINGS 

WERE     7251 
SUCH    THINGS    ARE— TELLES    CHOSES 

SONT      7252 
SUCH  THINGS   MAY  BE.    A  TALE  FOR 

FUTURE  TIMES      7279 
SUDDEN  SQUALL  IN  HYDE  PARK,  A  8277 
SUFFERER  FOR  DECENCY,  A      7604 
SUIT  OF  LAW  (a)  fits  ME  BETTER  THAN 

a  suit  of  cloaths    7799 
suitable  restrictions    7497 
summer  amusement    6755 
summer    amusement    at    farmer 

George's  near  Windsor    7897 
summer  shower,  the,  or  made- 
moiselle par  a  pluye    7106 
summers  evening    6728 
sunday  ordinary  at  highgate,  a 

6745 
SUNDAY  VIEW  ON  HIGHGATE  HILL 

6885 
SUPPLEMENTAL  MAGAZINE,  THE  7099 
SUPPLYS  FOR  THE  YEAR  1784   6539 
SUPPORTERS  OF  FOX  AND  LIBERTY 

6554 


1056 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


SURPRISING  IRISH  GIANT  OF  S^  JAMES'S 

STREET,  THE      6856 
SURPRISING  STONE  EATER,  THE      7287 
SWALLOW  PACKET,  THE,  OR,  A  BELLY 

FULL  OF  GOOD  NEWS,  PIPING  HOT 

FROM  BRISTOL  .  .  .       8059 
SWEARING  TO  THE  CUTTING  MONSTER 

OR — ^A  SCENE  IN  BOW  STREET     7648 
SWEATING    FOR    OPPOSITION    BY    DR. 

WILLIS  DOMINISWEATY  AND  CO,  A 

7514 

SYMPATHY,  OR  A  FAMILY  ON  A  JOUR- 
NEY LAYING  THE  DUST      8250 

SYMPTOMS  OF  AFFECTION  OR  A  SPECI- 
MEN OF  MARTIAL  PROWESS      7984 

SYMPTOMS  OF  COURAGE  OR  THE  TABLES 
TURNED      7667 

SYMPTOMS  OF  DRUNKENNESS,  SKETCH 
1^^7771  SKETCH  3°  7772  SKETCH 
4TH  y^y^  SKETCH  S"*""  7775  SKETCH 

SYMPTOMS  OF  TUMBLING  OR  FALLING 

SHORT      6623 
TAFFY  AND  HUR  WIFE,  SHENTLEMAN 

OF  WALES      6985 
TAKING    PHYSICK: — OR — THE    NEWS 

OF  SHOOTING  THE  KING  OF  SWEDEN 

8080 
TAKING  WATER  FOR  VAUXHALL      780 1 
TALE  OF  A  TUB      7822 
TAMING  OF  THE  SHREW : — KATHARINE 

&  PETRUCHIO    .    .    .      7845 
TAR  (the)  and  the  JORDAN !      79 1 2 
TARRING   AND    FEATHERING   THE   RE- 
WARD OF  THE  ENEMIES  OF  IRELAND 

6650 
TARS  RECREATION,  THE      6753 
TARTAN  BELLE  OF  1 792,  A      8 1 93 
TASTE  A  LA  MODE  1 745.    TASTE  A  LA 

MODE  1790      7763 

[tavern  scene]    7087 

TEA      703s 

TEARS  OF  METHODISM,  THE      7962 

TEMPERANCE     ENJOYING     A     FRUGAL 

MEAL      81 17 
TEMPLE  OF  MIRTH     6736 
TEMPLE  OF  PURITY,  THE,  OR,  MASTER 

BILLY  PIT-I-FULL'S  INTRODUCTION 

6417 

temple's  new  dock  yard    6515 
tender  trim  and   only  thirty 

6935 


TERRIFYING  COMET,  THE 


8115 


TERROR  TO  THE  DONS  OR  THE  GOVERNOR 
— INSTRUCTING  HIS  LITTLE  FAMILY 
7651 
TEST,  THE      7629 

TETE-A-TETE        6676-6688,        68 1 9- 
6830,       6997-7009,       7190-7202, 
740I-7413,      7566-7578,      7696- 
7708,  7940-7952 
THEATRICAL  CHYMIST,  A      7059 
THEATRICAL  RANTER,  A      7590  A 
THEATRICAL  WAR,  THE      72 1 4 
* 'THERE'S    MORE    WAYS  THAN  ONE** 

7271 
THESPIAN    CONGRESS,    THE.    OR    THE 

SIDDONSES  OF  THE  BARN      6734 
THIEVES  DETECTED  AT  LAST,  THE.  OR, 
A  WONDERFUL  DISCOVERY  AT  THE 
WINDSOR  FARM ! ! !      8 1 29 
THING   O'   MY   IN  THE  CARACTER  OF 

MACHEATH      6956 
"this  is  a  SORRY  SIGHT !"  .  .  .     7084 
THIS  IS  THE  FRIEND  OF  ROME      7654 
THIS  IS  THE  HOUSE  THAT  JACK  BUILT 

8163 
"thou   art   weighed    in   THE   BAL- 
ANCES, AND  ART  FOUND  WANTING** 

7419 
THREE  EDIN^  BUCKS      6689  A 
THREE  TICKETS  OF  ADMISSION  TO  SIR 

w.  w.  v^nne's  theatre  .  .  .  7068 

THURLEBO  THE  CHANCELLOR  OF  LILLI- 

PUT      7879 
TICKET     A     BLANK     (THE) — OR     THE 

CLOUDS  OF  DESPAIR 
TIME  SHUTTING  THE  BOOK  OF  KNAVES, 

OR  THE  COALITION  IN  THE  REGIONS 

BELOW      6488 
TIMES,  THE  (2)      6516,  7386 
TIMES,    THE, — OR— A    VIEW    OF    THE 

OLD  HOUSE  IN  LITTLE  BRITTAIN — 

WITH  NOBODY  GOING  TO  HANOVER 

6384 
TIP  TOP  EDITOR  (a)  DAM  Me!      7878 
TIP-TOP  LIVING  (a)  or  THE  WRITING 

CAPTAIN  SUPPORTED  BY  THE  WORLD 

7213 
TIPLING  DUTCHESS  RETURNING  FROM 

CANVASSING,  THE      6560 
TIPPEE  &  TWADDLE      6958 
TIPPERARY  DUELLISTS,  THE,  OR  MAR- 
GATE HEROES      7744 
TIPPY  BOB — THE  NATTY  CROP      8237 
TIT  FOR  TAT      7098 


1057 


3Y 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


TO  BE  SEEN  AT  MR.  SHERIDAN  S  MEN- 
AGERIE THE  WONDERFUL  LEARNED 
HANOVERIAN  COLT  .  .  .      7493 

TO  DURHAM      726 1 

TOASTING  MUFFINS      7923 

TOBY  FILLPOT      71 18 

TOM  PAINE'S  NIGHTLY  PEST  (2)   8 1 32, 

8137 
TOM  TIT  TWITTERING  ON  AN  EAGLE*S 

BACK-SIDE      7030 
TOMBS  OF  THE  WORTHIES,  THE      6470 
TOO  DEEP  FOR  THE  KNOWING  ONES  OR 

HOW  TO  CHEAT  THE  BAILIFS    7747 
TOTTERING  PYRAMID,  THE      6518 
TOUCH  ON  THE  TIMES,  A      7387 
TOUR  TO  THE  HEBRIDES,  A      7029 
TOWER  HILL  ESCULAPIUS,  THE      6757 
TRAGEDY  BURLESQUED,  OR  THE  BARBER 

TURNED  ACTOR      7473 
TRAGEDY  SPECTATORS      7606 
TRAGIC  READINGS      8279 
TRANSPLANTING  OF  TEETH      7766 
TRAVELL's  eldest  son  IN  CONVERSA- 
TION WITH  A  CHEROKEE  CHIEF  7978 
TREATY  OF  COMMERCE,  THE,  OR  NEW 

COALITION      7144 
TREATY  OF  PEACE,  THE,  OR  SATISFAC- 
TION FOR  ALL  PARTIES      785 1 
TRIAL,  THE      732 1 

TRIP  TO  BRIGHTON,  OR,  THE  PRINCE 
AND  HIS  REDUCED  HOUSEHOLD  RE- 
TIRING FOR  THE  SUMMER  SEASON 
6967 
TRIUMPH,  THE      7425 
TRIUMPH  OF  LIBERTY,  THE      7496 
TRIUMPH   OF  TURBULENCE,   THE,   OR 
MOTHER  CAMBRIA  POSSESSED  .    .    . 
6670 
TRIUMPH  OF  VIRTUE,  THE  (2)      6454, 

6620 
TRIUMPHAL       ENTRY       OF       100,000 
CROWNS,  THE,  OR  THE  LUCKY  HIT 
FOR  E-0  T-O.   P-O   H-0.   AND  ALL 
THE  REST  OF  THE  O'S      79 1 4 
TROIS  MAGOTS,  LES      7997 
TRUE  BRITISH  TAR,  THE      69 ID 
TRUE  NOBILITY   OF   BLOOD,  A  SCENE 

AT  BRIGHTON     7996 
TRYAL   OF   HASTINGS      WESTMINSTER 

HALL      7304 
TRYUMPH  OF  PITT,  THE,  OR  THE  MAN 
OF    THE    PEOPLE    IN    THE    DUMPS 
6374 


*TWAS    NOBODY    SAW    THE    LOVER's 
LEAP  .  .  .      6928  A  (p.  987) 

[two   heads    in   one]   (2)    7621, 

7758 
TWO  PATRIOTIC  DUCHESS'S  ON  THEIR 
CANVASS,  THE      6494 


TYTHE  IN  kind; 
VENGE      6737 

UNCLE  GEORGE 
THEIR  NEW 
SHUTTLECOCK 


OR  THE  SOW  S  RE- 


&    BLACK    DICK    AT 
GAME      OF      NAVAL 
7126 
UNCLE  TOBY  RETIRED  INTO  HIS  GENTRY 

BOX      6923 
UNCLE  toby's  retreat      6923  A 
UNDER  HOOP  &  BELL      72 1 1 
UNFORTUNATE  ASS,  THE      6446 
UNHAPPY  CONTRAST,  THE      783O 
UNIFORM  WHIG,  A      79 1 3 
UNITARIAN  ARMS,  THE      81 14 
UNKLE    TOBY    AND    CORPORAL    TRIM 

6921 
UPRIGHT  BILLY  ALIAS  ORATOR  HUM- 
BUG     7392 
USEFUL  GIANTS,  THE      7077 
VAIN  PURSUIT,  THE      7429 
VAUX-HALL      6853 
VAUXHALL  DISASTER,  THE      7455 
VEIL  BEING  REMOVED  (THE)  I  IN  HIS 
TRUE  COLOURS  APPEARS  THE  PRE- 
TENDED MAN  OF  THE  PEOPLE  .  .  . 
7476 
VELUTI  IN  SPECULUM      67 1 3 
VERONICA   A    BREAKFAST    CONVERSA- 
TION     7037 
VICAR,  THE     7778 

VICAR    AND    MOSES,    THE    (2)      3 77 1 
(1785),  6721 

vicar  of  bond  street,  the    7963 
vice-queen's  delivery  at  the  old 
soldiers  hospital  in  dublin,  the 

7491 
viceroy's    (the)    INTRODUCTION   AT 
S"'  JAMES'S  WITH  A  NEW  SUIT  OF 
IRISH  MANUFACTURE      6647 

VICES    overlook'd    in    the    new 

PROCLAMATION  8095 
VIEW  OF  INDIA,  A  7543 
VIEW  OF  THE  CORN  EXCHANGE,  A,  .  .  . 

AND  MR.  ATKINSON  IN  THE  PILLORY 

6837 
VILLAGE    DOCTOR,    THE,    OR    BLACK- 
SMITH     TURNED      TOOTH-DRAWER 
8051 


1058 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


VIOLENT  ATTACK,  THE,  OR  A  DIS- 
CHARGE OF  WATER  ARTILLERY   6632 

VIPER,  THE,  A  PROOF      7280 

VISION,  THE  (2)      6371,  7043 

VISION  OF  JUSTICE  WITH  A  VIEW  OF 
THE  HARMONIC  SOCIETY      64 1 2 

VISION  OF  NANTES,  THE,  OR  THE 
PATRIOTICK  ATTACK  OF  THE  TROOPS 
NATIONAL      7893 

VISIT  TO  PICCADILLY,  THE; — OR — A 
PRUSSIAN  RECEPTION      8 1 1 3 

VISIT  TO  THE  CONVENT  AT  AMIENS,  A 

8274 
VISIT  TO  THE  FARM-HOUSE,  A      7905 
VISIT  TO  THE  ROYAL  COLE  PIT,  A  7924 
VIVE  LA  BAGATELLE      p.  696 
VOLCANO  OF  OPPOSITION,  THE      7863 
VOLUPTUARY  UNDER  THE  HORRORS  OF 

DIGESTION,  A      8112 
VOTES  OF  COMPULSION,  THE,  OR  THE 

MAGPYE  CANDIDATES      6504 
VOX  POPULI  VOX  DEI      6594 
VOYAGE  TO  MARGATE      7096 
VULTURE  OF  THE  CONSTITUTION,  THE 

7478 

[wager,  a]  (2)    8 1 84,  8 1 85 

WALKING  UP  THE  HIGH  STREET      7034 
WAPPING  CONCERT,  THE      7067 
WARD  OF  CHANCERY,  A      8 1 64 
WARM  THOUGHTS  ABOUT  MATRIMONY, 

ON  A  WINTER  EVENING      82 1 3 
WATER  FALL,  THE,  OR,  AN  ERROR  IN 

JUDGMENT      6852 
WAY  TO  KEEP  HIM,  THE,  AS  PERFORM'd 

AT   THE   RICHMOND    THEATRE   &C. 

ACT  V      7215 
WAYS  AND  MEANS      6658 
WAYS  AND  MEANS  FOR  1 784      6382 
WE  THREE  LOGGERHEADS  BE      6987 
WEDDING     NIGHT      (THE)      OR      THE 

FASHIONABLE  FROLIC      6928 
WELCH  PARSON,  THE      778 1 
WELL-KNOWN    TEA-TABLE    ALTERCA- 
TION, A      8077 
WELSH     CORPORATION     MEETING,     A 

7222 
WELSH  FEAST  ON  ST.  DAVID*S  DAY,  A 

7798 
WERTER   A  TRAGEDY  FOR  MASTERS   & 

MISSES      7054 
WESTMINSTER     CANDIDATE     COMING 

NORTH    ABOUT    THE     GEESE,     THE 

6480 


WESTMINSTER  CANVASS,  THE      6478 
\VESTMINSTER  DESERTER  DRUM'd  OUT 

OF  THE  REGIMENT      6586 
WESTMINSTER  ELECTION,  THE      66 1 2 
WESTMINSTER  HUNT,  THE      7308 
WESTMINSTER  HUNT,  THE,  OR  THE  RE 

TAIL  lATION      6537 
WESTMINSTER   JANUS,    THE,    AND  HIS 

OPPONENT      7341 
WESTMINSTER  MENDICANT,  THE  6578 
WESTMINSTER  RACES      6589 
WESTMINSTER  SCHOOL  .  .  .      6775 
WESTMINSTER  STALLION  (THE)  WILL 

COVER  THIS  SEASON  .  .  .      6646 
WESTMINSTER  WATCHMAN,  THE    6525 
WET  SOULS      7796 
WHA  WANTS  ME?  (2)      8103,  8146 
WHAT  NATURE  OUGHT  TO  Be!      77 1 3 
WHET    ON    THE    ROAD — OR    ENGLISH 

AND  FRENCH  POSTILLIONS      8224 
WHICH  IS  THE  BETTER  MAN  OR  THE 

POT     CALLS     THE     KETTLE    BLACK 

A E      6942 

WHIG  CLUB,  THE,  OR  THE  STATE  OF 

THE  BLUE  AND  BUFF  COUNCIL    667 1 
WHIGGISM,  OR  MASTER  BILLY  LEARN- 
ING HIS  TASK      6378 
WHIM,   A,   OR  A  VISIT  TO  THE  MUD 

BRIDGE      7024 
WHIMSICAL       REPRESENTATION       OF 

ENGLAND  AND  WALES,  A     8045  A 
WHISPER    ACROSS    THE    CHANNEL,    A 

6805 
WHITWORTH  DOCTOR,  THE      7987 
WHITWORTH    DOCTOR    DOING    BUSI- 
NESS EXPEDITIOUSLY,  THE      7889 
WHITWORTH  DOCTOR  EXAMINED,  THE 

7988 
WHO  KILLS  FIRST  FOR  A  CROWN    7649 
WHOLESOME    FOOD     FOR    MINISTERS 

6522 

wiERD  sisters;  ministers  of  dark- 
ness;   MINIONS    of   the    moon** 

7937 
WIFE  &  NO  WIFE — or — ^A  TRIP  TO  THE 

CONTINENT      6932,  6932  A  (p.  987) 
WILL  (the)  disclosed  TO  THE  GREAT 

greif  of  the  family  7121 
windsor  astronomers,  the,  mak- 
ing observations  and  calcula- 
tions respecting  the  conjunc- 
tion of  the  english  and  russian 
comets!  !    7881 


1059 


INDEX  OF  TITLES 


WINDSOR    MILKMAN,    THE;    OR    ANY 

THING  TO  TURN  A  PENNY      8106 
WINTER  AMUSEMENT      6756 
WISDOM    LED    BY   VIRTUE   AND    PRU- 
DENCE  TO   THE  TEMPLE   OF   FAME 

6573 
WISE  MAN  OF  THE  EAST  MAKING  HIS 

OFFERING,  THE      7274 
WISE  SCHOOLMASTER,  THE      822 1 
WISEMEN  OF  IRELAND  (THE)  ARRIVED 

A  DAY  AFTER  THE  FAIR      75 1 1 
WIT  AND  WISDOM      7038 
WITCH    UPON    A    mount's    EDGE,    A 

7972 
wit's  last  stake  or  THE  COBLING 

VOTERS    AND    ABJECT    CANVASSERS 

6548 
WONDERFUL  NEWS  FROM  SERINGAPA- 

TAM      8090 
WONDERFUL  PIG,  THE      6857 
WONDERFUL    WORD    EATER,    LATELY 

ARRIVED  FROM  ABROAD,  THE      73  90 
WONDERS   OF  WESTMINSTER   HALL!!! 

THE      6849 


WORD  EATER,  THE      73  9 1 

WORD  OF  COMFORT,  A      7636 

WORD  TO  THE  WISE,  A,  OR  BILLY 
UNMASKED      6552 

WORK  FOR  doctors'  -  COMMONS 
8178 

WOULD-BE  CROMWELL  (a)  TOOKE 
HORNE  MAD  ATTEMPTING  TO  DIS- 
PERSE THE  SHORT  PARLIAMENT 
DEC^  1790      7691 

WOUSKI      7260 

WRANGLING  FRIENDS,  THE,  OR  OPPOSI- 
SITION  IN  DISORDER      7855 

WYNNSTAY  THEATRE      7069 

[YARMOUTH  CAR]      824 1 

YORK  JIG,  THE      7373 

YORK  (shoe)  warehouse,  THE      8056 

YORK-MINUET,  THE      7933 

YORK-REVERENCE,  THE; — OR — CITY- 
LOYALTY,  AMPLY  REWARDED     7938 

YOUNG  GEORGE  &  HIS  WIFE      6938 

YOUNG  RECRUITS,  TRAINING  FOR  THE 
CAMP      7120 


1060 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 

Political  events  are  not  indexed;  they  will  be  found  under  the  appropriate 
date  and  from  the  cross-references  there  given. 


ABERDEEN,  University  of  1768: 7027 

ACADEMY,    THE   ROYAL     1787:    7219. 

1789:  7584 

AGRICULTURE        1786:      6993,      7027, 

7075.  1788:  7416.  See  farms 
AMERICA  1784:  6378,  6384,  6397, 
6402,  6408,  6422,  6424,  6441,  6485, 
6627,6650,6659.  1785:6787,6815. 
1786:  6955,  6980,  6996.  1787: 
7127,  7132, 7158,  7170.  1789:  7542. 
1790:  7665,  7694-  1791:  7867, 
7871.    1792:8099,8131,8132,8137 

ANTIQUARIANS       1788:     7461,     7462, 

7466,  7467,  7469,  7470,  4773   (P- 
568).    1789:  7582.   See  connois- 
seurs 
architects  1791 :  8015,  8016,  8017 

ART  AND  ARTISTS     1784:  6408,  6604, 

6715,  6724.  1785:  6859,  6862. 
1786:  7019,  7020.  1787:  7219. 
1789:  7584.  1790:  777o.  1791: 
7831,    7976,    8013.     1792:    8195. 

See     ARCHITECTS,     CONNOISSEURS, 

PICTURES,  travesties  of,  sculptors 
AUCTIONS    1784:  6469.    1785:  6844. 

1786:   6968.     1787:   7014,   7149. 

1788:  7446.   See  tattersall's 
AUSTRIA    1786:  6917.     1791:  7827, 

7845,7847,7849,7857.  1792:8086. 

See  EMPIRE 

BALLOONS    1784:  6399,  6435,  6436, 
6445,  6486,  6561,  6652,  p.  166, 

6659,  6665,  6668,  6688,  6700,  6701, 
6702,  6703,  6704,  6705,  6706,  6707, 
6708,  6709,  6710,  6715.  1785: 
6812,  p.  246,  6858,  6880.  1791: 
7838 

BANK     OF     ENGLAND       1787:     7 1 74- 
1791:7838,7839,7842.    1792:8204 

BARBERS  1 784 :  6572, 6577, 6730, 6740. 

1785:   6834,    6835,    6882.     1788: 

7473.     1789:    7603,    7604,    7605. 

1791:  8027.  Addenda:  8272,  8275 
BATH  1785 :  6836.  1 787 :  7229, 7229  A. 

1789:7616.    1792:8176 
BAVARIA   1786:  6917.    1787:  7141 


BILLIARDS   1787:  7243 

BIRMINGHAM  1785:  6800.  1787: 
7141,  7209.  1791:  7894,  7899. 
1792:  8182 

BISHOPS  1784:  6518.  1787:  7208, 
7224.  1788:  7439.  1789:  7520, 
7539.  1790:  7629,  7630,  7632, 
7639.  1791:  7987,  7988,  8004, 
8031.    1792:  8203.    See  DOUGLAS, 

HERVEY,  HINCHCLIFFE,  LAW,  MARK- 
HAM,  MOORE,  PRETYMAN,  SHIPLEY, 
THURLOW,  WATSON 

appointment  of    1787:  7146, 

7147,  7149.    1788:  7261,  7266 

BOATS,  row^ing,  sailing,  &c.  1785: 
6901.  1786:  6990,  6992,  7040, 
7048,  7092,  7096.  1788:  7379, 
7455.  1789:  7479-  1790:  7801. 
1792:  8189,  8206,  8207 

BOTANY  BAY   1786:  6990,  6992. 

1787:  7122,  7127 
BOW  STREET,  officers  of  1786:  7012. 

1790:7648.    1791:7991 
BRIGHTON    1785:  6820,  6836.   1786: 

6967,  6970,  6974,  6980,  6989,  7076. 

1790:7743.  1791:7994,7995,7996 
BRISTOL    1784:  6445.    1786:  6940 

CAMBRIDGE,  University  of,  &c.  1785: 
6834,  6835.  1786:  7016,  7017. 
1787:7241.    1788:7266 

CAPE  OF  GOOD  HOPE   1787:  7171 

CARD    PLAYING      1788:    7422,    7453. 

1789:   7599,   7600.     1790:   7673, 

7746.    See  GAMING 

CARICATURE  HEADS,  Studies  of  1784: 
6695.  1788:  7456,  7457.  1792: 
8199,  8200,  8201.  See  also  No. 
7617,  &c.,  for  double  heads 

CARLTON   HOUSE     1784:   6448,   6660. 

1786:  6989.  1787:  7121,  7167, 
7168.  1788:  7306.  1789:  7513, 
7515-    1791:7840,7873 

CEYLON    1787:7171 

CHANCELLOR,  THE  LORD.     See  THUR- 
LOW 
CHELSEA  HOSPITAL    1 784 :  6475 ,  649I , 


IO61 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


6502,    6525,    p.    113,    6586,    6590. 

1789:7583.    1791:7892,7894 
CHELTENHAM        1788:      7355,      7357, 

7358,  7374 
CHESS    1788:7400 

CHILDREN     1784:  6490,  6546,  6625, 

6740,  6745.     1786:  6954,  6954  A, 

6989,    7011,    7013,    7037.     1787: 

7143,7208,7255.  1790:7780,7804, 

7812,7814,7815.   1792:8202,8211, 

8221,  8222,  8231,  8232 

CHINA,  see  ch'ien  lung 

CHRISTMAS    1791:  8018 

CHURCHES,  interiors  of*    1784:  6470, 

6661,   6669.     1785:   6842.     1786: 

7079.     1787:  7182.     1790:  7812. 

1791:  7962,  7966.  Addenda:  8259 

clerical:   the  church  and  clergy 

1784:  6721,  6737.    1785:  6877, 

6878,  3771  (p.  276),  3755,  3756 

(p.    279).     1786:    6998,    7079, 

7090,  7091.    1787:  7146,  7147, 

7182,  7208,  7223.    1788:  7301, 

7301  A,  7416,  7419,  7439.    1789: 

7539,  7619.     1790:  7628,  7629, 

7630,   7632,   7633,   7635,   7639, 

7643,  7752,  7777,  7778,  7779, 
7780,  7781.  1791:  7824,  7896, 
7899,8004,8030,8031.  1792: 
8203.     Addenda:     8259.     See 

BISHOPS 

of  Ireland    1787:  7161 

.  of  Scotland  1785:  6842.  1786: 
7027.    1789:  7579,  7580  ^ 

CLERGY,  nonconformist  or  irregu- 
lar (including  methodists) 
1784:  p.  152,  6677,  6752.  1785: 
6863.  1788:7347,7348.  1790: 
7628,  7629,  7630,  7632,  7633, 
7635,  7636,  7637,  7642,  7643. 
1791:  7822,  7894,  7899,  7962, 
8026.    1792:  8114,  8131  A.    See 

PRICE,  PRIESTLEY 

CLUB^  1785:  6912,  6913.  1786: 
6976.  1788:  7372,  7452,  7452  A, 
7461.  1789:  7601,  7602.  1790: 
7749,7751.  1792:8141,8144,820s, 
8220.     See    LONDON,    Brooks's; 

WHIG  CLUB 
COCKFIGHTING      1784:     6461,     6598. 

1785:  6848.    1791 :  7849,  7993 


COFFEE  HOUSES  1784:  6738.  1786: 
7082.    1787:7164.   1791:7977 

COMMERCE,  see  French  treaty,  No. 
6995,  &c. ;  Irish  Propositions, 
No.  6785,  &c. ;  Russian  Arma- 
ment, No.  7841,  &c.;  Shop  Tax, 
No.  6798,  &c. 

CONNOISSEURS       AND        COLLECTORS 

1785:  6844,  6845,  6859.  1787: 
3650  (p.  435).    1788:  7446,  7471. 

1791:7831.    1792:8169.  5'^g  ANTI- 
QUARIANS 
CONTRACTORS    AND    WAR-PROFITEERS 

1784:  6616,  6667.  1785:  6837, 
6838,  6839.  1786:  7070.  1787: 
7151A.    1790:7676,7684.    1791: 

7885.    See  ATKINSON,  CURTIS 

COOKING  1786:  7038.  1787:  7143. 
1790:  7669,  7798.  1791:  7922, 
7923.    Addenda:  8282 

COSTUME  (direct  satires  on)  1784: 
6718,  6720,  6723.  1785:  6874. 
1786:  7021,  7099,  7100,  7101, 
7102,  7103,  7104,  7105,  7106,  7107, 
7108,  7109,  7110,  7111,  7112,  7113, 
7114,7115,7116,7117,7118.  1787: 
7153,  7224,  7244,  7245,  7246,  7247, 
7248,  7249,  7250,  7251,  7252,  7253, 
1788:  7455.  1789:  7522,  7523. 
1790:  7763,  7790,  7791,  7792, 
7794,  7805.  1791:  7930,  7961, 
7968,  7974,  7975,  7999,  8036, 8038, 
8039,  8040,  8041,  8042,  8043,  8044, 
8053.  1792:  8056,  8083,  8190, 
8191,  8192,  8193,  8194,  8237.  Ad- 
denda:  8257 

COURTESANS  1784:  6439,  6468,  6547, 
6634,  6660,  6719,  6728,  6764,  6765. 
1785:  6811,  6831,  6866,  6867,  6871. 
1786:  7014,  7014  A,^  7083,  7087, 
7120.  1787:  7162,  7184,  7207, 
7225,7226.  1788:7350,7356,7442, 
7443,7451.  1790:7636,7802,7803. 
1791:  8011,  8048.  1792:  8159, 
8197,  8198,  8228,  8234,  8235.    See 

MRS.  WINDSOR 

CRICKET   1784: 6397 

DANCING  1786:  7046,  7095.  1787: 
7229,  7229  A.  1788:  7373,  744i. 
1789:  7589.    1790:  7813.    1791: 


'  Exterior  views  of  churches  frequently  occur  in  backgrounds. 
*  Date  uncertain. 

1062 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


7933,  8007,  8008.  1792:  8170, 
8210 

DANZIG    1791:7847 

DEBT,  arrest  or  imprisonment  for 
1784:6483,6540,6558,6567.  1786: 
6991,  7015,  7102.  1787:  7127, 
7160.    1789:  7615.    1790:  7747 

DENMARK   1786:6917-    1791:7827 

DENTISTRY     AND     DENTISTS       1784: 

6759,   6760.    1790:  7766.     1791: 
8051,  8052 
DOCTORS,  see  medical 

DRINKING    TO    EXCESS      1786:    7047. 

1788:  7282,  7317.  1790:  7769, 
7771,  7772,  7773,  7774,  7775,  777^, 
7786,  7787,  7806.  1792:  8095 
DRIVING,  carriages,  carts  1784: 
6451,6456,6562,6728.  1785: 6860, 
6861,6876.  1786:6967,6982,6984, 
6989.  1788:7323,7324,7335,7336, 
7337,7365,7428.  1791:7823,7884, 
7886,7973.  1792:8069,8216,8224. 
Addenda:  8241,  8243,  8250,  8255, 

8256,  8280.     See  TRAVEL 

DUBLIN  1785:  6794,  6799.  1789: 
7491.  1790:  7664,  7763.  1791: 
8041,  8042.    1792:  8218 

DUBLIN,  LFniversity  of  (Trinity 
College)    1789:7491 

DUELS   AND    DUELLISTS      1784:   6738. 

1786:  7089.  1787:  7148.  1789: 
7531,  7532,  7533,  7534,  7535,  7542. 
1790:  7667,  7744,  7745-  1792: 
8214 

DUTCH,  THE,  See  UNITED  PROVINCES 
EAST  INDIA  COMPANY,  See  INDIA 

EAST  INDIES  (dutch)   1787:  71 71 

EATING  AND  DRINKING     1784:  6471, 

6535,6538,6544,6548,6567.  1785: 
671 1,  6877.  1786:  6943,  6993, 
6995,7081,7087.  1785:6866,6877, 
6902.  1786:  6943,  6995,  7010, 
701 1,  7022,  7035,  7037,  7040,  7083, 
7087,  7094,  71 1 1,  71 18.  1787: 
7143,  7144.  1788:  7330,  7424, 
7431,  7435,  7445,  7452,  7452  A. 
1789:  7517,  7547,  7564.  1790: 
7710,  7757,  7795,  7796.  1792: 
8077,  8078,  8081,  8092,  8104,  81 12, 
81 17,  8122,  8145,  8168,  8209, 
8225.  Addenda:  Szyz.  5^^  coffee 

»  Date 


HOUSES,    COOKING,    DRINKING    TO 

EXCESS 

EDINBURGH,  characters  of,  and  scenes 
in  1784:  6689,  6690,  6691,  6696, 
6697,6698.  1735:6842,6843,6844, 
6845 ,  6846, 6847, 6848.  1 786 :  6940, 
7022,  7023,  7024,  7025,  7026,  7033, 
7034,  7035,  7036,  7037,  7038, 
7039.  1787:  7203,  7204,  7205. 
1788:  7414,  7415,  7416.  1789: 
7579,  7580,  7581.  1791:  7978. 
1792:  8118,  8151,  8184,  8185,  8186 

ELECTIONS 

Boston    1790:  7692,  7693,  7693  A 
Carlisle   1786:  6957 
Dublin   1790:7664 
Ireland   1790:  7650,  7657 
London   1784: 6509 
Malmesbury   1792:  8063 
Middlesex  1784:6550.  Addenda: 

8245 
Okehampton   1791:7834 
Orkney    boroughs     1784:    6602, 

6614,  6622,  6626,  6635,  6646 
Preston  1784:  6675 » 
Rochester  Addenda:  8270* 
Seaford  1784:  6605 
Westminster  1784:  6474,  6475, 
6478,  6479,  6480,  6484,  6487, 
6490,  6491,  6492,  6493,  6494,  p. 
80,  6497,  6502,  6504,  6505,  6510, 
6511,  6512,  6513,  6520,  6521, 
6523,  6524,  6525,  6526,  6527, 
6528,  6529,  6530,  6531,  6532, 
6533,  6534,  6536,  6537,  6539, 
6540,  6541,  6542,  p.  104,  6543, 
6544,  6545,  6546,  6547,  6548, 
6549,  6551,  6553,  6554,  p.  112, 
p.  113.  6555,  6557,  6558,  6559, 
6561,  6562,  6563,  6564,  6565, 
6560,  6566,  6572,  p.  123,  6573, 
6574,  6575,  6576,  6577,  6578, 
6582,  6583,  6586,  6588,  6589, 
6590,  6591,  6592,  6593,  6594, 
6595,  6596,  6597,  6599,  6600,  p. 
140,  6601,  6602,  6604,  661 1, 
6612,  6619,  6621,  6922,  6623, 
p.  152,  6624,  6625,  6626,  6628, 
6633,  6635,  6645,  6646,  6658. 
1785:  6783,  6882.  1788:  7339, 
7340,  7341,  7342,  7343,  7344, 
7345,  7346,  7347,  7348,  7349, 
uncertain. 

1063 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED   SUBJECTS 


7350,  7351,  7352,  7353,  7354, 
7354  A,  7356,  p.  515,  7357,  7359, 
7360,  7361,  7362,  7363,  7364, 
7366,  7367,  7368,  7369,  7370, 
7371,  7372,  741  o-  1790:  7638, 
7641,  7642,  7652,  7654,  765s, 
7658,  7659,  7691 

Winchester   1784:  6606,  6607 

Worcester    1784:  6509 
ELECTRICITY     1787:    7148.      1789: 

7597,  7598.     1790:  7748.     1792: 

8108,  8131 

EMPIRE,    THE    HOLY    ROMAN      1787: 

7141,  7171,  7180,  7181.  See 

FRANCIS  II,  JOSEPH  II,  LEOPOLD  II 

ETON  COLLEGE  Addenda:  8267 
EUROPE,    powers    of     1786:    6917. 
1791:  7827,  7841,  7843,  7843  A*, 
7845,7846,7847,7849,7852.  1792: 
8136,  8143 

FARMS    AND    FARMING      1786:    6946, 

6947,  6984,  6993,  7075-  1788: 
7416.  1791:  7897,  7905,  7915. 
1792:  8129 
FENCING  1788:  7447.  1789:  7557 
FINANCE,  National  Debt,  &c.  1785: 
6803.  1786:  6914,  6945,  6959, 
6960.  1787:  7135,  7149,  7150, 
7175.  1788:  7329.  1789:  7551. 
1791:7838,7842,7871,7872.   See 

TAXATION 

FISHING   1792:  8206,  8207 

FRANCE     AND     THE     FRENCH       1784: 
6377,  6389,  6435,  6508,  6619,  6652, 

p.  166,  6707,  6708,  6709.  1785: 
6802,6815,6830.  1786:6917,6945, 
6995.  1787:7128,7130,7132,7133, 
7134,  7136,  7137,  7140,  7141,  7142, 
7144,  7147,  7149,  7150,  7155,  7158, 
7159,  7160,  7170,  7171,  7172,  7175, 
7177,  7178,  7179,  7180,  7181,  7189. 
1788:7376.  1789:7480,7485,7486, 

7486  A,  7487,  7546,  7546  A,  7548, 
7550,  7553,  7558,  7559,  756o,  7561, 
7563.  1 790 :  7627, 7628,  7634, 7649, 
7660,  7661,  7663,  7665,  7667,  7668, 
7671,  7675,  p.  696,  7678,  7679, 
7685,  7686,  7688,  7689,  7690, 
7694*,  7695.  1791:  7824,  7827, 
7831, 7833, 7841,  7843,  7843*,  7845, 
7849,  7853,'  7854,  7855,  7856,  7858, 


7864,  7867,  7882,  7883,  7884,  7886, 
7888,  7889,  7890,  7891,  7893,  p. 
816.  1792:8068,8084,8085,8086, 
8088,  p.  905,  8100,  8108,  8109, 
p.  922,  81 19,  8122,  8123,  8124, 
8125,  8126,  8127,  8130,  8131,  8132, 
8134,  8136,  8137,  8138,  8141,  8142, 
8143,  8145,  8147,  8149,  8150.  Ad- 
denda: 8275 

FRANCE    AND     THE    FRENCH    (sOcial) 

1784:  6668, 6705, 6707, 6708, 6709, 
6711,6716,6761.  1786:7010,7085. 
1788:  7298,  7439.  1789:  7534- 
1790:  7764,  7767,  7768.  1792: 
8104,  8189,  8224,  8226.  Addenda: 
8271,  8272,  8273,  8274,  8275 

FREEMASONRY       1786:     70I0,     7022, 

7067 
FRIENDLY  SOCIETIES,  See  CLUBS 

GAME  LAWS   1792:  8155 

GAMING  AND  GAMESTERS  1784:  6364, 
6369(2),  6387,  6406,  6514,  6517, 
6575,  6580,  6601,  6616,  6622,  6673. 

1785:  6771,  6772,  6774,  6779,  6786, 
6791,  6836,  6903,  6907,  6909. 
1786: 6948, 6976,  6988, 7000, 7066. 
1787:  7162.  1788:  7301  (5),  7329 
(4),  7353,  7359(9),  7370,  7379. 
1790:  7629,  7642,  7767,  7820. 
1791:  7914.  1792:  8062,  8073, 
8075,  8083,  8095,  81 12,  8166,  8167. 
See  LONDON,  Brooks's 
GENEVA   1792:  8150 

GERMANS  AND  GERMANY    1786:  6917. 

1788:  7322.     1789:  7548.    1792: 

8136.  See  BAVARIA,  HANOVER, 
EMPIRE,  PRUSSIA 

GIBRALTAR   1784:  6435.    1786:  6917, 
7018.   1790:  7622,  7651,  7660,  7671 
GLASGOW    1786:  6964 

GREENWICH    HOSPITAL      1784:    6525. 

1790:  7818 

PARK   1786: 7095 

GROCERS,  Company  of  1784:  6442, 

6464,  6567,  6648 


HANO\TER   1784:  6366,  6384.    1786: 
6917.    1791:7845,7906 

HARLEQUIN     1784:  6424,  6498,  6545, 

6715.  1791:7993 

HOLLAND,  see  UNITED  PROVINCES 
^  Date  uncertain. 


1064 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


HORSEMANSHIP,  See  DRIVING,  RIDING 

HUNGARY   1787:  7141 

HUNTING    1787:  7157,  7173-    1788: 

7258,    7322,    7454-      1790:    7649. 

1791:  8001,  8025 

INDIA  AND  THE  EAST  INDIA  COMPANY 

1784:  6361,  6364,  6365,  6367,  6368, 

6369(8),  6370,  6371,  6374,  6378, 
6384, 6386,  6387,  6389, 6394, 6395, 

6396,  6398,  6400,  6402,  6404,  6406, 

6418,  6419,  6426,  6432,  6443,  6444, 
6447,  6450,  6454,  6458,  6460,  6462, 
6463,  6467,  6485,  6516,  6519,  6558, 
6582,  6601,  6620,  6622,  6627,  6634, 
6636,6671.  1785:6775,6776,6812. 

1786: 6915,  6922,  6925,  6926,  6936, 
6939,  6940,  6948,  6955,  6959,  6966, 
6978,  6979,  6981,  6994,  7014, 
7014  A.^  1787:  7127,  7130,  7136, 
7138,  7139,  7149,  7151,  7152,  7158, 
7160,  7169.  1788:  7264,  7265, 
7267,  7268,  7269,  7270,  7271,  7272, 
7273,  7274,  727s,  7276,7277,  7278, 
7279,  7280,  7281,  7282,  7283,  7284, 
7285,  7286,  7287,  7288,  7289,  7292, 

7295,  7297,  7299,  7300,  73oi» 
7301  A,  7302,  7304,  7305,  7307, 
7308,  7309,  7310,  7312,  p.  483, 
7313,  7314,  7315,  7316,  7319,  7320, 
7321,  7323,  7324,  7325,  7326,  7327, 
7329,  p.  499,  7331,  7359  (14),  7383, 
7384.  1739:7480,7496,7529,7543, 
7554.  1790:  7682.  1791:  7830, 
7868,  7904,  7928,  7929, 7932, 7939. 
1792:    8059,    8060,    8090,    8093, 

8094.     See  HASTINGS,  IMPEY 

INDIA  (social)  1786:  7014,  7014  A.^ 
1788:  7407.  1791:  7952.  1792: 
8162 

INNS  (interiors)^  1784:  6744,  6745. 
1788:  7450.  1791:  8032.  Ad- 
denda: 8271 

IRELAND  AND  THE  IRISH    1784:  6366, 

6485,  6513,  66io,  6647,  6650,  6653, 
6654, 6659, 6662,  6671 .  1 785 :  6785, 
6787,  6788,  6789,  6792,  6794,  6795, 
6796,  6798,  6799,  6800,  6801,  6802, 
6805,  6806,  6809,  6810,  6812,  6815, 
6819,6876.  1786:6964.  1787:7124, 

*  Date  uncertain. 

^  The  exterior  of  inns  often  forms  part  of  the  background  of  prints,  political  and 
social,  see,  e.g.,  John  Gilpin  prints,  Nos.  6886,  &c. 

1065 


7135,  7161.  1788:  7389.  1789: 
7480,  7482  A,  7491,  751 1,  7512, 
7513,  7515,  7517,  7518,  7519,  7526. 
1790:  7650.  1791:  7823,  8005, 
8041,8042.  1792:8141,8218,8219. 
Addenda:  8246,  8247,  8248 

JACOBITISM,  allegations  of  1784: 
6635.  1785:  6795.  1787:  7125, 
7163.    1789:7526 

JEWS  1784:  6386,  6461,  6499,  6617, 
6623,  6717.  1785:  6795  A.  1786: 
6990.  1787:  7150,  7198,  7209. 
1788:  7322,  7344,  7363,  73^6,  7368, 
7369,  7413,  7423,  7424,  7425,  7439. 
1790:  7628.  1791:  7914,  7993. 
1792: 8059,  8073,  8093.  Addenda: 

8239,  8249,  8263.  See  FURTADO, 
MENDOZA 

JOHN  BULL  as  ass  1792:  8076 

as  bull    1784:  6449,  6556,  6581. 

1786:  6962.  1788:  7326,  7372. 

1790:  7640.  1791:  7852,  7857, 

7914 
George  III  as  1786:6995.   1792: 

8074 
as  man  1781-2:  8239.    1784:  p. 

166.    1786:  6914.    1787:  7145. 

1788:  7361.    1790:  7625,  7666. 

1791:7869,^7889.    1792:8065, 

8141,    8188,    8189.     Addenda: 

8239 
mentioned     1787:    7166.     1788: 
7273,  7439-     1790:  7665,  7682, 
7687.    1791:7827.    1792:8096, 
8116 

KNIGHTS  OF  THE  BATH  1788:  73 18, 
7330 

legal:  lawyers  and  courts  of  law 
1784:  6616.  1785:  6777,  6849, 
6850,  6851,  6852,  3766  (p.  276). 
1786:  7012.  1787:  7123,  7130, 
7254.  1788:7259,7297,7321,7332, 
7334,  7359(6),  7398,  7416,  7463. 
1789:  7516,  7539,  7593.  1790: 
7718,  7719,  7759,  7799-  1791: 
7956,  8005,  3762,  3763  (p.  881). 
1792:    3764  (p.    980).     See   also 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


Thurlow  and  other  lawyers  in 
Index  of  Persons;  trial  of  Hast- 
ings, No.  7269,  &c. 

literary:  authors,  books  and  book- 
sellers 1784:  6609,  6722.  1785: 
6840,  6854.  1786:  7028,  7029, 
7030,  7031,  7032,  7033,  7034,  7035, 
7036,  7037,  7038,  7039,  7040,  7041, 
7042,  7043,  7044,  7045,  7046,  7047, 
7048,  7049,  7050,  7051,  7052,  7055. 
1787:  7185,  7188.  1788:  7399, 
7417,7418,7419.  1789:7584,7587, 
7588.  1790:  7734.  1791:  7978. 
Addenda:  8262,  8281.  See  news- 
papers; Burke's  Reflections  .  .  . 
No.  7675,  &c. 

LONDON,  citizens  of  ('cits')  1784: 
671 1,  6728,  6741,  6742,  6745,  6748, 
6755,6757,6758,6768.  1785:6883, 
6885,  6886,  6887,  6888,  6889,  6890, 
6891,  6892,  6893,  6894,  6895,  6896, 
6898, 6899, 6900,  6901, 6902,  6906. 
1786:  6993,  7094.  1787:  7174, 
7242.  1788:  7455,  7458,  7459. 
1789:  7524,  7525,  7536,  7537,  7612, 

7613.  1790:7680,7681,7756,7757, 
7802,  7804,  7808,  7809.  1791: 
7938,    8029,    8046.     1792:    8161, 

8206,  8207,  8208,  8215.  See  MAR- 
GATE 

LONDON,  corporation  of  1784: 6374, 
6442,  6445,  6471,  6569,  6648,  6799. 
1785:  6813.  1786:  6940.  1787: 
7174.  1788:7386,7387,7388,7392. 
1789:  7524,  7525.  1790:  7680, 
7681.  1791:7938.  Addenda:  ^2.66 
LONDON,  places  of  amusement,  &c. 
Astley's     Amphitheatre      1789: 

7561 
Brooks's    1784:  6387,  6413,  6528, 
6580,  6622.     1785:  6778,  6802. 
1786:  6939,  6948,  6976.    1787: 
7162.    1788:  7329.    1789:  7528 
Covent  Garden  Theatre    1785: 
6833.    1786:  7053,  7054,  7061, 
7063.      1788:    7301(11).     Ad- 
denda: 8254 
Drury  Lane  Theatre   1784:  6769. 
1785:6875.   1786:7050.   1789: 

7484.    1790:7736.    1791:7837, 
7934,  8009,  801 1 
Haymarket,  Little  Theatre  in  the 
1786:  7057 


Haymarket,  the  King's  Theatre 
in  the  (Opera  House)  1785: 
6873.  1791:  7840,  8007,  8010, 
801 1 

Hyde  Park  1787:  7227,  7242. 
1789:  7537.  Addenda:  8277 

Lyceum  1788:7420.  1791:7953, 
8019 

Pantheon   1791:  8008,  8010 

Royalty  Theatre   1787:  7214 

St.  James's  Park  1784:  6743, 
6754.    1785:6791 

Tattersall's  1786:  6967,  6968. 
1787:  7149,  7158 

tea-gardens  in  or  near  1 784 :  6755, 
6768 

Vauxhall  1784:6741.  1785:6853, 
6901,  6902.    1788:  7437, 7455 

street  scenes  in  (not  including 
topographical  backgrounds) 
1784:  6442,  6725,  6740,  6757, 
6761,  6763,  6769.  1785:  6880, 
6893.  1786:  7080.  1787:  7255, 
7257.  1788:  7444.  1789:  7524, 
7525.  1790:  7733.  1792:  8183, 
8223,  8236 
LORRAINE  1787:  7141 
LOTTERIES    1784:  6665.    1790:  7750, 

7761.    1792:  8073,  8231,  8232 

MAGISTRATES,  CONSTABLES,  AND 
WATCHMEN  1785:  6865,  6878, 
6879.  1789:  7597,  7598.  1790: 
7754,  7810.    1792:  8186,  8187 

MALMESBURY  1784:  6456.  1791: 
8063 

MANCHESTER    1 785 :  6789,  6799,  6800. 

1786:    6964.     1787:    7124.     Ad- 
denda: 8266 
MARGATE    1784:  6758.    1786:  7096. 
1790:  7744,  7745,  7755 

MARRIAGE     1784:    6695,    6746,   6762. 

1785:  6904,  6905.  1786:  7079, 
7093,  7094.  1788:  7430.  1789: 
7594,  7595,  7617,  7618,  7620. 
1790:  7760,  7762,  7769,  7804. 
1791:  7990,  7991,  7992,  8029. 
1792:  8177,  8178,  8213,  8219.  For 
Divorce,  Suits  of  Crim.  Con., 
&c.,  see  Tete-a-tete  passim 

MASQUERADES  1784:  6763.  1791: 
8046 

MEDICAL :  medicine,  doctors,  apothe- 


1066 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


caries,  &c.  1784: 6495,  6530, 6744. 
1785:  6881.  1786:  7015,  7022, 
7027.  1788:  7394,  7432,  7448, 
7449,7463,7466.  1789:7474,7504, 
7512,7514,7592,7608,7609.  1791: 
7987,  7988,  7989,  8050.  1792: 
8214.   See  QUACKS 

military:  the  army,  militia,  and 
soldiers  1784:  6373,  6579,  6693, 
6727,6738,6922.  1786:6996,7018, 
7082,7120.  1787:7174,7176,7177, 
7178,7179,7180,7181,7189.  1788: 
7353,7416,7458.  1789:7524,7525, 
7559,7595,7612,7613-  1790:7622, 
7666,  7800,  7806.  1791:  7830, 
7831,8034.  1792:8084,8085,8086, 
8110,  8115,  8116,  8120,  8123,  8125, 
8126,  8134,  8136,  8233,  8236.  Ad- 
denda :  8275  •  See  also  Richmond '  s 
scheme  of  fortifications,  6921,  &c 

MUSIC  AND  MUSICIANS  1784:  6715 
1785:  6792,  6795,  6795  A,  6853, 
6881,6912,6913.  1786:6945,7022, 
7023,  7026,  7051,  7056,  7065,  7067 
1787:  7163,  7220.  1788:  7301  (2 
11),  7417,  7433.  1789:  7484,  7525 
1791:  7953,  8007,  8008,  8009, 
8010.  1792:8047,8089,8210.  Ad- 
denda: 8240,  8240  A,  8264,  8268 

NAVAL(including  mercantile  marine), 
sailors  and  the  sea^  1784:  6619, 
6753.  1785:  6841,  6871,  6910. 
1786:  7087,  7092,  7096.  1787: 
7126.  .1788:  7260,  7262,  7296, 
7339,  7346,  7349,  735o,  735i,  7442. 
1789:  7480,  7547,  7549,  7555»  7556. 
1790:  7645,  7669,  7671,  7672,  7677, 
7683,7753,7817,7818.  1791:7891, 
7893,  8048.    1792:  8079,  8209 

NEGROES  1784:  p.  112,  6566,  6760. 
1785:  6787.  1787:  7127,  7170, 
7226.  1 788 :  7260, 7296, 7367, 7369. 
1789:  7547.  1791:  7848,  79i4, 
7926,  8048.  1792:  8074,  8079, 
8217 

NETHERLANDS,  AUSTRIAN  1786:6917. 

1787:7141 
NEWMARKET      1784:    6622.      1788: 
7338.     1791:  7918,  7919.     1792: 
8071,  8112 

*  See  also  No.  6921,  &c.,  Richmond* 
attack  on  the  Navy. 


NEWSPAPERS  AND  THE  PRESS  1784: 
6369(6),  6594,  6597,  6616,  p.  150, 

6650,  6730.  1785:  6854.  1786: 
7059,    7060.     1787:    7210,    721 1, 

7212,7213.  1788:7275,7369,7371, 
7425.  1789:7477,7483,7510,7528, 
7537,  7577.  1790:  7625.  1791: 
7878.    1792:8133 

OXFORD,  University  of  1790:  7742 

PARLIAMENT  (not  including  mere 
allusions  to  debates,  &c.)  1784: 
6364,  6369,  6389,  6390,  6404,  6409, 
6415,  6420,  6428,  6436,  6437,  6438, 
6464(3),  6469,  6476,  6477,  6483, 
6486,  6501,  6503,  6516,  6522,  6587, 
6588,  6598,  6603,  6615,  6639,  6649. 
1785:  6773,  6775,  6784,  6788,  6864. 
1786:6915,6919,6962.  1787:7124, 
7128,  7130,  7131,  7132,  7137,  7138, 

7139.  1788:7289,7317,7381,7391, 
7395.  1789:  7495,  7520.  1790: 
7623,7682,7691.  1791:7824,7825, 
7854,  7855,  7856,  7862,  7863,  7870, 
7871 .  1 792 :  8087,  8088,  8147,  8148. 
Addenda:  8244,  8276 
PAUPERS  1784:  6456,  6562.  1785: 
6877.    1787:  7127 

PEERAGES    AND    CREATION    OF    PEERS 

1784:  6579,  6603,  6631.  1787: 
7149,  7183.  1789:  7495.  1790: 
7623.     1791:  7858.     1792:  8061, 

8154 
PICTURES,  travesties  of   1784:  6543. 
1786:   6964,   7019,   7020.     1789: 
7584.  1791:7836,7937,7965,7972, 
8014.    1792:  8105 

PILLORY,  THE  1784:  6554,  p.  II3, 
6576,6628,6667,6670.  1785:6837, 
6838,  6839.  1786:  7070,  7071, 
7072 

PLAYING-CARDS  1784:  6488.  1786: 
6966,  6969,  6975,  6976,  6977,  6978, 
6983.  1788:  7264,  7329(9),  7400. 
1792:  8073,  8144 

PLAYS,  parodies  and  political  adapta- 
tions of  1784:  6514,  6534,  6535, 
6620.  1786:6956,6968,6974,6980. 
1788:7292,7321,7326,7380.  1789: 
7498,  7501.  1791:  7908.  1792: 
8062,  8073,  8083 
fortification  scheme,  supposed  to  be  an 


1067 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


POLAND  1786:  6917.  1787:  7141. 
1791:  7841,  7847,  7852.  1792: 
8124 

POLICE,  see  BOW  street;  magi- 
strates 

PORTUGAL  1786:  6917.  1787:  7137, 
7142.   1792:8143 

PRODIGIES  AND  MONSTROSITIES  1784: 

6715.     1785:   6857.     1787:  7166, 

7214,    7220.     1788:    7287,  7288, 

7359(4,13),     7390,     7391-  See 
COTTER,  BORUWLASKI 

PRUSSIA  1786:  6917.  1787:  7134, 
7171,7176,7177,7178,7179.  1791: 
7827.  7841,  7842,  7843  A*,  7845, 
7847,7849,7852,7857,7903.  1792: 
8124,  8125,  8126,  8134,  8143.    See 

FREDERICA,  DUCHESS  OF  YORK 
PUGILISM  AND  BOXING     1784:  6407, 

6612,  6619,  6621.  1786:  6944. 
1787:  7136,  7162.  1788:  7263, 
7269, 7334,  7359, 7425, 7426.  1789: 
7531,7542,7557,7602.  1790:7646, 
7665,  7743, 7807.  1791 :  7854, 7959, 
7993,  7994,  7997,  8010,  8019. 
1792:  8097,  8175 
PUTNEY   1786:  7090,  7091 


QUACKS     AND     CHARLATANS  1784: 

6398,  6652,  p.   166,  6757.  1785: 

6843,  6846.     1786:  7010.  1789: 

7514,    7545,    7592.     1790:  7748. 
1792:  8183 


RACING  AND  THE  TURF     1787:  7162. 

1791:  7918,   7919,   8049.     1792: 
8071,  8216.   Addenda:  8243,  8255, 
8256 
REFORM,    economical     1784:    6627, 

6636 
parliamentary    1784:  6575,  6671. 

1785:  6778,  6788.    1788:  7291, 

7306.    1791:7824 

RIDING  AND  HORSEMANSHIP  1784: 
6664,6735,6742.  1787:7227,7231, 
7232,  7233,  7234,  7235,  7236,  7237, 

7238, 7239, 7240,  7241 ,  7242.  1 788 : 
7359(3),  7464.  1789:  7524,  7525, 
7610,  7611.  Addenda:  8242,  8243. 
See  racing;  John  Gilpin  prints, 
No.  6886,  &c. 


ROCHESTER    1789:  7521,  7552.    See 

elections 
roman  catholicism    1784:  6364, 

6662,6739.  1787:7134,7161,7165. 

1789:7558.  1790:7635.  Addenda: 
8274,  8275.   See  also  the  emblems 
of  popery  in  many  of  the  prints 
of  Mrs.  Fitzherbert  and  Burke 
RUNNYMEDE      1788:    7396.      1789: 

7489,7857 
RUSSIA     1786:   6917.     1787:   7180, 

7181.  1791:7827,7841,7842,7843, 
7843  A*,  7844,  7845,  7846,  7847, 
7849,  7851,  7852,  7857,  7880,  7881, 
7897.  1792:  8067,  8072,  p.  905, 
8124,  8143 

SARDINIA   1786:  6917 

SCHOOLS  AND  SCHOOLMASTERS    1790: 

7780.     1792:    8221.     See    ETON, 

WESTMINSTER 
SCIENCE 

Chemistry     1787:    7147.     1791: 

7887.    1792:  8io8 
Geology   1787:  7205,  7206 
Natural  History   1788:  7431 

See  BALLOONS,  ELECTRICITY,  LORD 
MONBODDO 
SCOTLAND    AND    THE    SCOTS      1784: 
6370,  6381,  6387,  6390,  6391,  6602, 

6614.  1785:  6789.  1787:  7125, 
7152,  7256.  1788:  7281.  1789: 
7594.     1791:  7823.     1792:   8141, 

8151,  8188.  See  CLERGY  OF  SCOT- 
LAND,    EDINBURGH,     JACOBITISM, 

boswell;  for  Scottish  political 
influence,  BUTE,  dundas 

SCULPTURE  AND  SCULPTORS   1784: 

6401,    6430,    6715.     1786:   6971. 
1789:  7585,  7586.    For  bust  of 
Fox  by  Nollekens  see  No.  7902, 
&c. 
SHOPS,  STALLS,  ETC.  1 784 :  6442, 6453, 

6493, 6494, 6530,  6532,  6533, 6548, 

6572, 6722, 6723, 6740.  1785 :  6874, 
6882, 6893.  1 786 :  6936, 6961 ,  6994, 
7081,  7099.  1787:  7153,  7174. 
1788:  7481.  1789:  7596,  7603, 
7604,  7605.     1791:  8036.     1792: 

8056.  ^e^  BARBERS.  For  SHOP  TAX 

see  No.  6798,  &c. 
SHOOTING    1785:  6883.    1790:  7756, 
7808,7809.   1792:8061,8208 


1068 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


SILESIA    1791:7903 

SKATING    1784:  6756.     1785:  6884. 

1792:  8196 
SLAVE  TRADE^     1791:  7848.     1792: 

8074,   p.    898,   8079,   8081.     Cf. 

(Titles)    1788:7301,7303.    1792: 

8076 
SPAIN  1786:6917.   1790:7645,7646, 

7646  A,  7651 ,  7653, 7660, 7662, 7666, 

7669,  7671,  7672,  7674,  7674  A, 

7676,  7677,  7680,  7681,  7682,  7683, 
7684.  1791:7821,7827,7841,7842, 

7843,  7843  A*,  7871 .   See  GIBRALTAR 
SPEAKER,      THE.        See      ADDINGTON, 

CORNWALL 
SPORT,  see  COCK-FIGHTING,  CRICKET, 
FISHING,  HUNTING,  PUGILISM,  RAC- 
ING, SHOOTING,  SKATING 

STOCK  EXCHANGE  1785:  6803.   1786: 

6959,  6960.    1787:  7150.     1792: 

8059,  8090,  8093 
SUNDAY     1784:  6728,  6745.     1785: 

6885.     1787:  7182.     1788:  7433. 

1789:7537 
SWANSEA   1787:  7221,  7222 
SWEDEN    1784:  6485.     1786:  6917. 

1791:7827.    1792:8080,8082 

TAVERNS  AND  ALEHOUSES  (interiors) 
1784:  6745.  1786:  7087.  1792: 
8220.  See  CLUBS,  coffee  houses 

TAXATION  AND  TAXES  1784:  6363, 
6475,  6491,  6502,  p.  113,  6576,  6582, 
6586,     6590,     6627,     6630,2     6634, 

6649, 6671, 6672.  1785 :  6773, 6775, 
6778, 6781,  6794,  6797,  6798,  6799, 
6800,  6801,  6807, 6808,  6813,  6814. 
1786:  6914,  6940,  6962.  1787: 
7132,  7136,  7145,  7158,  7159,  7160. 
1788:  7339,  7386,  7389,  7392. 
1789:  7480,  7481,  7494,  7545,  754^, 
755 1 ,  7554,  7563 .  1790:  7625 ,  7634, 
7640.  1791:  7841,  7842,  7847, 
7869,2   7871.     1792:   8065,   8066, 

8145.     See  FINANCE 

THEATRICAL,  the  Stage  and  actors 
1784:  6424,  6531,  6712,  6714,  6715, 
6734, 6769.  1 785 :  6776, 6833 ,  6840, 
6873,  6875.  1786:  6931,  6999, 
7009,  7050,  7053,  7054,  7055,  7056, 
7057,7058,7059,7061,  7062,27063, 


7064.  1787:7181,7190,7214,7216, 
7217,7244.  1788:7301(11),  7420, 
7468,  7473 .  1 789 :  7484, 7554, 7561 , 
7589,  7590,  7591.  1790:  7736, 
7811.  1791:  7840,  7907,  7934, 
7953,  7954,  7955,  7967,  8007,  8008, 
8009,  8010,  80H,  8028.  1792: 
8179,  8180,  8181,  8182.  Addenda: 
8254,  8278,  8279.  See  plays, 
parodies  of,  and  Index  of  Per- 
sons 

THEATRICALS,  AMATEUR     1784:  6713. 

1786:  7068,  7069.  1787:  7215. 
1788:  7301  (7),  7329  (7),  7359  (12), 
7473.  1790:  7737,  1791:  7957, 
7993,  7997 

TITHES  1784:  6737.  1785:  6877. 
1788:  7301  (8).  1790:  7752,  7778. 
1791:8031 

TRAVEL,  the  road  1784:  6726,  6728. 
1785:  6860,  6861.  1786:  6967, 
6989.  1788:  7323,  7324.  1791: 
7823,  8048.  1792:  8189,  8224, 
8226.  Addenda:  8271,  8272,  8273. 

See  DRIVING,  RIDING 
TRURO     1788:7432 
TURKEY  AND  THE  TURKS  1786:  7065. 

1787:    7180,    7181,    7182,  7189. 

1788:   7307.     1791:   7827,  7843, 

7843  A*,  7845,  7846,  7849,  7851, 
7852 

UNITED   PROVINCES   AND  THE  DUTCH 

1784:  6444,  6666.  1786:  6917. 
1787:  7134,  7141,  7171,  7172,  7i75» 
7176,7177,7178,7179,7181.  1790: 
7671,7845,7851,7857,7880.  1792: 
8136,  8195 
UNIVERSITIES  1791:  803 1 .  See  Aber- 
deen, CAMBRIDGE,  DUBLIN,  OXFORD 

WALES  AND  THE  WELSH     1784:  6670. 

1786:  6985,  7069  (2).  1787:  7221, 
7222.  1790:  7781,  7798.  1792: 
81 13,  8157,  8158.    See  LEWES,  SIR 

W.,  VrX'NNE,  SIR  W. ;  SWANSEA 
WATERING-PLACES,      See     BRIGHTON, 
MARGATE,  WEYMOUTH 

WEST   INDIES     1784:   6378.     1785: 

6910 
WEST  INDIES  (Dutch)    1787:  7171 


*  See  No.  8090  for  advertisement  of  prints  on  the  slave  trade. 

*  Date  uncertain. 


1069 


INDEX  OF  SELECTED  SUBJECTS 


WESTMINSTER    ABBEY.      1786:    6940. 

1791:8064.  Addenda:  8267 

WESTMINSTER   SCHOOL     1785:    6775. 

1791:  8002.    Addenda:  S267 
WEYMOUTH   1789:  7544,  7551 
WHIG  CLUB,  THE   1784:  6671.   1789: 

7477.     1790:   7638.     1792:   8138, 

8140 
WHITEHAVEN     1791:    8003.     1792: 

815s,  8156 


WINDSOR  1784:  6451.  1786:  6918, 
6946,  6947,  6984,  6991.  1787: 
7153,  7173.  1791:  7915.  1792: 
8087,  8106, 8129.  Addenda:  8267 
Corporation  of  1790:  7738,  7739, 
7740 


YORK     1786:    6940.      1789:    7551, 
Addenda:  8243,  8255,  8256 


1070 


INDEX  OF  ARTISTS 

No  distinction  is  made  between  draughtsman  and  engraver.  Doubtful  and 

conjectural  attributions  are  included.   A  jew  attributions  are  made  in  the 

index  only  and  are  marked  f. 


ALDBERY,  A.^    1787:7157 
ALKEN,  Samuel^  (worked  c.  1790- 
98).    1784:6722 

*ANNIBAL  scratch'  (of  'SCRATCH  d'). 

(See  COLLINGS)  1784 :  6417,  6425, 
6427,   6438,  6445,   6491.     1789: 

7542 
'annibal  (or  ANNABAL  or  hannibal) 
scratch'^  (?  the  same)  1789: 
7590.  1790:  7644,  7670,  7712, 
7713,  7714,  771S,  7716,  7717,  7718, 
7719.  1791:7822,7825,7887,7900, 

7953  •  7954,  7955,  795^,  7957, 
7958.    1792:  (not  signed)  8i79t, 

8i8ot,  8i8it,  8i82t 
aynscombe,  V.  (Miss)  1786 :  7097, 

7107.    1787:7248 
B.,  I.  Addenda:  8239 
B.,  I.  or  J.    See  baldrey,  barlow, 

BOYNE 

B.,  p  1786:  6921.  1788:  7355. 
1791 :  7959 

baldrey,  JOSHUA  KIRBY^   (^754- 

1828)  1785:  6834,  6835.  1788: 
7261,  7264,  7267,  7272,  7279,  7285, 
7305,7419-    1789:7476t 

BARLOW,  J.  1786 :  7061 ,  7062,  7097, 
7107.  1787:  7248.  1789:  7561, 
7601,  7602.  1790:  7658,  7684, 
7748,  7749,  7750,  7751,  7752,  7753, 
7754,  7755,  7756,  7757.  1791: 
7831,  7998,  8018,  8019,  8022 

BARROW,  J.*  1784 :  6362,  6377,  6440, 
6456,  6463,  6501,  6512,  6513,  6554, 
6559,  6624.     1785:   6771.    1788: 

7333* 
BARTOLOZZi,  Franccsco  (i  727-1 81 5) 
Addenda:  8240 

BATTY,  Mr.     1789:7589 

BEARBLOCK,  James  (B.A.  Cantab. 
1789)  1785:6834,6835.  1786: 
7017.    1787:7173.    1788:7258 


BEWICK,    John    (1760-95)      1788: 

7395,  7396 
BLAKE,  WilHam  (1757-1827)    1784 : 

6736,  6737,  6738,  6739,  6740 
BOYNE,  John*  (1750-1810)  1784: 
6367,  6395,  6396,  6433,  6468,  6472, 
6500,  6508,  6534,  6661.  1786: 
6990,  6992,  6994.  1787:  7132, 
7138,  7216,  7217.  1789:  7615. 
1792 :  8220.  Addenda:  SzyS,  8279 
BRETHERTON,   James*   (b.   c,    1750) 

1786 :  71 14.    1787 :  7246,  7250 
BROCAS,  F.  Addenda:  6932  A  (p.  987) 
B — N,  J.  (.?  brown)    1784 :  6504 
BROWN,  I.  or  J.*    1784:  6645,  6646 
BUNBURY,   Henry   William   (1750- 
1811)    1784:6726,6727.    1785: 
6881,   6882.     1786:   7068,   7069, 
7069  A.    1787:  7229,  7230,  7231, 
7232,  7233,  7234,  7235,  7236,  7237, 
7238,    7239,    7240,    7241,    7242. 
1788:7452.    1790:7800.    1792: 
8189,  8205,  8206,  8207,  8208 
BYRON,   Frederick   George  (1764- 
92)     1788:   7301,   7439.     1789: 
7614.  1791:8031.  Addenda:82yi, 
8272,  8273,  8274,  8275 

C,  I.     See  CRUIKSHANK 

C,  S.   See  COLLINGS 
C,  W.  P.   See  CAREY 
CALE,  D.  A.    1787:7228 
CAMPBELL,  Lt.-Col.    1786 :  6996 
CAREY,  William  Paulet  (1759-1839) 
1784:  6521,  6532,  6541,  p.   113, 
6556,  6557,  p.  152,  6719.    1786: 
6964 
CECILL,  Thomas  (worked  c.  1625- 

40)    1784:6473 
CHAPLIN  (Rev.)  W.    1790 :  7742 
COLLINGS,  Samuel  (worked   1780- 
91,  jee  ANNiBAL  scratch)    1784: 
6361,  6371,  6386,  6417,  6419,  6425, 


*  See  Index  of  Printsellers. 

*  If  a  pseudonym  of  Collings  the  latter  was  etching  small  portraits  for  the  Attic 
Miscellany  while  his  larger  designs  were  etched  for  the  magazine  by  Barlow. 

3  Perhaps  two  or  three  persons ;  one  (or  more)  may  be  Barlow. 

*  Date  uncertain. 


1071 


INDEX  OF  ARTISTS 


6427,  6438,  6445,  6477,  6484,  6491, 
6493,  6549,  6572,  6588,  6614,  6631, 
6632,  6652,  6715,  6737,  6738,  6739, 
6740,  6741,  6742,  6743.  1785: 
6798,  6891.  1786:  7031,  7032, 
7033,  7034, 7035,  7036,  7037,  7038, 
7039, 7040, 7041, 7042, 7043, 7044, 
7045, 7046, 7047, 7048, 7049, 7050, 
7055.  1789:  7539,  7542,  7561, 
7601,  7602,  7609.  1790:  7658, 
7684,  7695,  7748,  7749,  7750,  7751, 
7752,  7753,  7754,  7755,  775^,  7757, 
7795,7814,7815-  1791:7831,7992, 
7993,  8018,  8019,  8022. 

COOPER,     R.     (?     RICHARD     COOPER, 

i740?-i8i4?)  1785 :  6878,  6879 
CRUiKSHANK,  Isaac^  (i756?-i8ii?) 
1784:  6391,  6392,  6464,  6496, 
6497,  6502,  6509,  6589,  6594,  6647, 
6675,2  6697,  6698.  1785:  6888. 
1786:7096.  1788:7376.  1789: 
7552,  7553,  7557,  7560,  7562,  7564, 
7565,  7588.  1790:  7624,  7631, 
7642,  7647,  7651,  7654,  7656,  7660, 
7661,  7663,  7665,  7667,  7668,  7671, 
7690,  7723,  7726,  7733,  7738,  7739, 
7740,  7741,  7746,  7747-  1791: 
7823,  7824,  7828,  7835,  7840,  7851, 
7853,  7855,  7885,  7891,  7893,  7899, 
7905, 7910,  7914,  7920, 7921,  7927, 
7930,  7931,  7932,  7934,  7984,  7986, 
7995, 7998, 7999, 8001 , 8004, 8012, 
8015,  8024,  8025,  8026,  8027,  8028, 
8039.  1792:  8055,  8062,  8063, 
8068,  8071,  8079,  8081,  8085,  8087, 
8104,  8110,  8116,  8124,  8125,  8130, 

813I,  8142,  8143,  8146,  8146  A, 
8157,  8163,  8164,  8165,  8166,  8168, 
8169,  8176,  8177,  8193,  8194,  8210, 

8215.   Addenda:  8247,  8269,  8270, 
8276,  8283 
DEAN,  John  {c.  1750-98)  1790 :  7810 

DE  LOUTHERBOURG,  PHILIPPE- 

JACQUES^  (1740-18 1 2)  1784 :  6728 
DENT,  W.^   1784:  6378,  6387,  6408, 

6422, 6447, 6457, 6478, 6481, 6507, 
6527, 6535, 6550, 6565, 6575, 6580, 
6583,  6593,  6620,  6627,  6634,  6636, 
6649,  6659,  6665,  6668,  6671,  671 1, 
6714.  1785:  6773,  6777,  6785, 
6797,  6810,  6812,  6813.  1786: 
6914,  6915,  6926,  6933,  6948,  6958, 
'  See  Index  of  Printsellers.         ^  Date 


6962,  6965,  6967,  6974,  6980,  6984, 
6989,  6993.  1787:  7123,  7127, 
7130,  7133,  7134,  7139,  7142,  7145, 
7148,  7154,  7159,  7162,  7175,  7183, 
7207,  7208,  7209,  7213,  7251. 
1788  :  7265, 7269, 7273, 7274, 7275, 
7280,  7284,  7287,  7297,  7303,  7317, 
7318,  7325,  7326,  7327,  7328,  7329, 
7360,  7366,  7368,  7370,  7372,  7379, 
7382,  7390,  7397-  1789:  7480, 
7488,  7489,  7498,  7500,  7510,  7511, 
7513,  7524,  7528,  7534,  7545,  7563, 
7593.  1790:  7623,  7625,  7626, 
7627,  7630,  7634,  7636,  7638,  7652, 
7653,  7655,  7662,  7669,  7672,  7674, 
7676,  7677,  7680,  7681,  7682,  7687, 
7689,  7725,  7730,  7745-  1791: 
7821,  7827,  7838,  7842,  7652,  7854, 
7868,  7871,  7872,  7873,  7880,  7890, 
7902, 7903 ,  7907, 791 1 ,  7928, 7981 , 
7994,  8010,  8011.  1792:  8056, 
8057,  8059, 8065,  8073,  8076,  8093, 
p.  922,  8115,  8135,  8136,  8139, 
8140.   Addenda:  8246 

DICKINSON,  William  (1746-1821)* 
1784:  6726.  1787:  7229,  7230, 
7231,  7232,  7233,  7234,  7235,  7236, 
7237,  7238,  7239,  7240,  7241,  7242. 
1789:  7452.  1792:  8205,  8206, 
8207,  8208 

DiGHTON,  Robert  (i752?-i8i4) 
1784 :  6747, 6748, 6749, 6750, 6751 , 
6752,  6753,  6754,  6755,  6756,  6757, 
6758,  6759,  6760,  6761,  6768,  6769. 
1785:  6903,  6903  A,  3771,  3766, 
6907, 6908, 6909, 6910, 6911, 6912, 
6913.  1786:  7118,  7119.  1787: 
7255.  1788:  p.  515.  1790:7789, 
7790,  7791,  7792,  7793,  7819,  7820. 
1791 :  8037, 8047, 3762, 3763, 8048, 
8049,  8050,  8051,  8052,  8053. 
1792  :  8216, 8223,  8224,  8226,  8227, 
8228,  8233,  3764,  8237 

DOUGLAS  (Rev.)  James  (1753-1819) 
1788:7418 

DUNTHORNE,  John,  the  Younger 
(worked  c.  1783-92)  1785  :  6877. 
1788:7448,7499 

EDY,  John  William  (worked  c.  1780- 
98)  1786  :  7089,  7090,  7091 

ESDALL,William(d.  1795)  1792:8219 

FANSHAWE,  Catherine  Maria  (1765- 
uncertain.         ^  See  Index  of  Persons. 


1072 


INDEX  OF  ARTISTS 


1834)     1786:7114.     1787:7246, 
7250.    1791  :  8033 
G.,A.    1786:7081 
G.,  W.   See  Phillips  or  philipps 
GARDINER,  William  Nelson  (1766- 

18 14)  Addenda:  8240  A,  8264 
GILLRAY,  James^  (c.  1757-18 15) 
1784 :  6363, 6416,  6528, 6699, 6712, 
6730.  1785:  6775,  6790,  6791. 
1786:6932,6945,6955,6991,7010, 
701 1,  7012,  7013,  7014,  7083,  7084, 
7085.  1787:7128,7146,7150,7152, 
7155,  7163,  7165,  7166,  7167,  7168, 
7169,  7170,  7171,  7174,7181,7214, 
7218.  1788:7260,7262,7266,7271, 
7277, 7278, 7281 ,  p.469, 7286, 7298, 
7306,7308,7310,  p.483, 7312,7314, 
7320,  7323,  7324,  7330,  7335,  7342, 
7344,  7352,  7353,  7354,.  7354  A, 
7356,  7361,  7369,  7371,  73^0,  7381, 
7422.  1789  :  7478, 7526, 7529, 7530, 
7531,  7533,  7535,  7537,  7538,  7540, 
7541,  7546,  7546  A,  7548,  7583, 
7584,  7589.  1790:  7640,  7648, 
7686,  7710,  7711,  7721,  7722,  7727, 
7727  A,  7731.  1791  :  7829,  7845, 
7846,  7848,  7861,  7862,  7867,  7882, 
7883,  7889,  7892,  7894,  7906,  7908, 
7909, 7913,  7916,  7917,  7922, 7923, 
7929, 7933,  7936,  7937,  7938,  7964, 
7965,  7966,  7967,  7971,  7972, 7973, 
7974,  7975,  797^,  7980,  7982,  7983, 
7997,  8000,  8013,  8014,  8045. 
1792  :  8054, 8058, 8061 ,  8069, 8070, 
8072,  8074,  8075,  8080,  8082,  8086, 
8088,  8094,  8095, 8096, 8103, 8105, 
8107,  8109,  8112,  8113,  8117,  8121, 
8122,  8132,  8137,  8141,  8145,  8147, 
8155,  8156,  8158,  8159,  8160,  8161, 
8162,  8189,  8190,  8191,  8192. 
Addenda:  8263 
GOODNIGHT,  C.  1789 :  7603 
GREEN,  Valentine  (1739-1813)  Ad- 
denda: 8243 
GRIMM,  Samuel  Hieronymus  (1734- 

1806)  1785:6884 
GROSE,  Francis^*  (i73i?-9i)  1788: 
7456,  7457,  7458,  5757  (P-  5^6), 
7459, 7460, 7461,  7462,  7463,  7464, 
7465,  7466,  7467,  7468,  7469,  7470, 
7471,7472,4773  (p.  568) 

^  See  Index  of  Printsellers. 


H.,  J.    see  HOOK 

'H.  W.'  (?  W.  Holland  or  H.  Wig- 
stead)3  1789:  7477,  7490,  7491, 
7495,  7506,  7507,  7512,  7525,7550, 
7554,7555,7556,7594,7595-  1790: 
7622,  7645,  7646,  7675,  7678,  7679, 
7685,7688,7692,7728,7735.  1791: 
7826,  7834,  7841,  7843,  7844,  7847, 
7849,  7857,  7863,  7864,  7865,  7866, 
7904, 7939, 7979, 7987, 7988, 7989, 
7990,  7991.   Addenda:  8266 

HANNIBAL,  see  ANNIBAL 

HASSALL,  J.  (?  John  Hassell,  1767- 
1825)   1792:8209 

HAYDON   1790 :  7799 

HOLLAND,  William'  {see  *H.  W.*) 
1790 :  7632 

HOOK,  James  (i772?-i828,  dean  of 
Worcester  1825)  1786:  7061. 
1787 :  3650  (p.  435),  7210,  7254. 
1788:  7259t,  732i,  7373-  1790: 
7666.   Addenda:  8267 

JENKINS,  I.   Addenda:  8255,  8256 

JONES,  John'  (1745  ?-97)  1785: 
6882,  6883 

JUKES,  Francis  (1747-1812)  1785: 
6803.  1790:7814,7815.  Addenda: 
8255,  8256 

K.,  B.    1784:6519 

KAY,  John*  ( 1 742-1 826)  1784: 
6418,  6689,  6690,  6691,  6692,  6693, 
6694,  6695.  1785:  6842,  6843, 
6844, 6845 , 6846, 6847, 6848.  1 786  : 
6996, 7022,  7023,  7024,  7025,  7026, 
7027.  1787:  7203,  7204,  7205, 
7206.  1788:  7414,  7415,  7416. 
1789:  7579,  7580,  7581,  7582, 
7617.  1790:  7709,  7758,  7759. 
1791:7978.    1792:  8118,8151 

KEATE,  Georgiana  Jane,  afterwards 
Mrs.  Henderson  (i  770-1 850) 
1792:8190,8191 

KINGSBURY,  Henry  (worked  c.  1775- 
98)  1784:  6573,  6577.  1785: 
6872.  1786:  6947,  7015.  1787: 
7129,  7153,  7156,  7158,  7164,  7224, 
7225 ,  7226, 7247.  1 788  :  7263 , 7282, 
7358t,  7359t,  7374t>  7377,  742i, 
7428,  7429,  7430,  7437,  7438,  7441. 
1789:7522,7523.  1790:7633,7729. 
1791 :  7836.  Addenda:  8260,  8261 

*  See  Index  of  Persons. 


3  See  p.  xxxi. 


"♦  See  Index  of  Persons,  Index  of  Printsellers. 


1073 


3z 


INDEX  OF  ARTISTS 


KNIGHT,  Charles*  (i743-?i826) 
1802:  6882  A.  Addenda:  8278, 
8279 

LANDEMAN    1787  :  7189 
LASKEY,  J.     1786:71093 

LEIGH,  Samuel  Egerton   1786 :  7085 
LETTON,  Thomas    1784 :  6728 
LOCKiNGTON,    J.*    1784:    p.    140. 

1786:  6922 
M.,  R.    1787:7217 
M.,  W.  See  mansell 
MALTON,      Thomas      (i  748-1 804) 

1791 :  8032.   Addenda:  8277 
MANNERS,  Lord  James    1784 :  6602 
MANSELL,  W.    1786 :  6918,  6931 
MASON  (Rev.)  William^   (1724-97) 

Addenda:  8243,  8255,  8256 
MERCER^    1787  :  7252,  7253 
MORTIMER,  John  Hamilton  (1741- 

79)   1786:7062 
MURRAY,  Lord  George  (1761-1803, 

Bishop  of  St.  David's  from  1801) 

1792:8149 
NEWTON,      Richard*      (i  777-1 798) 

1791  :  7886, 7897, 7898, 7912, 7924» 
8005,  8006,  8040.  1792:  8060, 
8064,  p.  898,  8078,  8083,  8084, 
8089, 8090, 8091, 8092, 8097, 8102, 
8106,  8123,  8126,  8129,  8153,  8170, 
8172,  8173,  8209 

NIXON,  John  (d.  1818)  1784:  6672, 
6723.  1785:  6876.  1788:  7304, 
7316.  1789:  7544,  7547,  7612, 
7613.  1790  :  7646, 7732, 7737, 7813- 
1791:  7855.  1792:  8104,  8210. 
Addenda:  8240,  8240  A,  8264, 8268 

NUTTER,  William  (i759?-i8o2) 
1789 :  7615 

o*KEEFE  1791 :  7869* 

p.,  T.  (?  T.  Pether)   1784 :  6363 

PARKS,  J.    1789  :  7614 

PETHER,  Thomas    1784 :  6566 

PETTIT,  John  (worked  latter  part  of 
1 8th  century)    1790 :  7737 

PHELPS,  Ehzabeth  Henrietta  1785 : 
6803 

PHILLIPS    or    PHILLIPPS    ('W.     G.*) 

1784 :  6522, 6538, 6553, 6582, 6592, 
6600.   Addenda:  8245 


PICOT,   Victor-Marie*   (1759-1839) 

1784:6728.    1788:7440 
POLLARD,       Robert       (175  5-1 838) 

1790:7814,7815.    1791:8033 
PYNE,  William  Henry  (1769-1843) 

1790:7811,7812 
R.  R.  See  rushworth 
R.,  S.    1791 :  7968,  7969,  7970 
RAMBERG,  Johann  Heinrich  (1763- 
1840)     1787:   7176,   7177,   7178, 
7179,7219.   1788:7270,7424,7425 
REPTON,     Humphrey    (1752-1818) 

1784:6720 
ROSS  (of  Aberdeen)  1787:7027 
ROWLANDSON,  Thomas*  (1756- 
1827)  1784:  6365,  6369,  6379, 
6384, 6402,  6403,  6406,  6431,  6436, 
6442,  6444,  6465,  6469,  6474,  6475, 
6476,  6483,  6494,  6495,  6510,  6514, 
6520,  6525,  6526,  6529,  6543,  6544, 
6546,6547,6548,6551,  p.  112,6561, 
6562,  6563,  6564,  6566,  6578,  6579, 
6585,  6586,  6587,  6591,  6599, 6602, 
6608,  6609,  6664,  6716,  6717,  6718, 
6719,  6720,  6721,  6722,  6723,  6724, 
6725.  1785:6770,6783,6815,6852, 
6853,  6854,  6855,  6856,  6857,  6858, 
6859,  6860,  6861,  6862,  6863,  6864, 
6865,  6866,  6867,  6868,  6869, 6870, 
6871,  6877.  1786:  6917,  6920, 
7014  A,*  7031,  7032,  7033,  7034, 
7035, 7036, 7037, 7038,  7039, 7040, 
7041,  7042,  7043,  7044,  7045,  7046, 
7047,  7048,  7049,  7050, 7051, 7055, 
7059, 7060, 7063,  7064,  7065, 7066, 
7086, 7087, 7088.  1787  :  7126, 7160, 
7182,7186,7187,7188.  1788:7336, 
7348,  7357,  7378,  7383,  7384,  7385, 
7386,  7387,  7391,  7394,  7399, 744©, 
7442,  7443,  7444,  7445,  744^,  7447, 
7448,7449,7451.  1789:7474,7475, 
7479,  7482, 7492,  7497,  7499,  7503, 
7504,  7514,  7515,  7516,  7518,  7519, 
7521,  7549,  7559,  7591,  7592, 7604, 
7605,7606,7607,7608.  1790:7629, 
7649,  7724,  7734,  7766,  7767,  7768, 
7769,7770.  1791:7837,7884,7918, 
7919, 8007, 8008,  8009, 8017, 8032. 
1792 :  8149,  8150,  8174, 8175, 8178, 


'  See  Index  of  Printsellers.  *  See  Index  of  Persons. 

'  Angelo  calls  him  a  military  officer.   Reminiscences,  1904,  i-  328.    He  mentions 
(ibid.  ii.  lo)  Captain  Mercer  of  the  Guards  killed  at  Bergen  op  Zoom. 
♦  Date  uncertain. 


1074 


INDEX  OF  ARTISTS 


8195,  8196,  8197,  8198,  8199,  8200, 
8201,  8202,  8203,  8204.  Addenda: 
8238,  8250,  8251,  8254,  8262,  8277, 
8282 

RUSHWORTH         1785 1      6874,      6875. 

1786:  7099,  7109 

S.    1790:7794 

S.,F.    1792:  8100 

S.,G.  L.   1792:8150 

S.,  J.   See  SAYERS,  James 

S.,  J.  (Gillray)  1786:7013.  1787: 
7146,  7150,  7152.  1788:  7277, 
7281,  7286,  7312,  7314,  7320. 
1789  :  7538,  7540,  7541 

S.,  J.  (Rowlandson)    1789 :  7499 

SANDBY,  Paul  (1725-1809)  1784: 
6604,  6700,  6701,  6702,  6703,  6704 

SAYERS  or  SAYER,  Jamcs  (1748-1823) 
1784  :  6368, 6372, 6380, 6381, 6413, 
6426,  6437,  6637,  6638,  6639,  6640, 
6641,  6642,  6643.  1785:  6784, 
6788,  6789,  6792,  6795,  6796,  6802, 
6802  A,  6805.  1786:  6919,  6925, 
6959,  6960, 7052, 7053,  7054, 7056, 
7057.  1787:7137,7140,7141,7147, 
7151,  7172,  7172  A,  7185.  1788: 
7268, 7276,  7283,  7289,  7290,  7291, 
7292, 7293, 7294,  7300, 7302, 7307, 
7309,  7313,  7313  A,  7417-  1789: 
7483, 7484,  7493,  7508,  7509,  7517. 
1790:  7628,  7736.  1791:  7858, 
7859.  1792:8067,8108,8138,8144. 
Addenda:  8242,  8244 

SCOTT,  Edmund  {c.  1746-1810) 
1792:8220 

SMITH  1784 :  6741,  6742 

SMITH,  B.    1786 :  7080 

SPARROW,  S.  (worked  c,  1 782-1 806) 
1784:6630 


STOTHARD,  Thomas  ( 1 755-1 834) 
1784:6736 

STUBBS,  George  Townley^  (^756- 
1815)    1786:7101,7106 

T.,  J.   1791  :  7795 

T.,R.    1786:7058,7103 

T.,  R.  S.    1786:7080 

THOMAS    1784:6743 

THOMPSON,  J.   Addenda:  8241 

TOWNSHEND,  George,  4th  Viscount 
Townshend,  cr.  Marquis  1786 
(1742-1806)  1784:  6561,  6713. 
1791 :  7856 

TROTTER,  Thomas  (d.  1803)  1786: 
7028 

W.,  C.    1788:7420 

W.,  H.  (Wigstead:  see  *H.  W.') 
1789:7482.    1789:7554 

W.,  G.  M.   See  woodward 

W.,J.  M.    1784:6625 

WELLS,  John  (worked  c.  1 792-1 809) 
1791 :  8033 

WHITE,  C.^    1784:6727 

WICKSTEED,  J.^    1787  :  7244 

WIGSTEAD,  Henry  (d.  1800)  1784: 
6722.  1786:  7067.  1788:  7450, 
7451.  1789:  7482.  1792:  8198, 
8199, 8200, 8201,  8202.  Addenda: 
8251,  8254 

WOODWARD,  George  Moutard' 
(i76o?-i8o9)  1785:  6878,  6879. 
1790:  7643,  p.  696,  7771,  7772, 
7773,  7774,  7775,  7776,  7777,  7778, 
7779,  7780,  7781,  7782,  7783,  7784, 
7785,  7786,  7787,  7788.  1791: 
7874,  7875,  7876,  7877,  7878, 
7879,  8030,  8031.  1792:  8221, 
8222 

WRIGHT,  J.    1790 :  7811,  7812 


See  Index  of  Printsellers. 


1075 


322 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


AITKEN,  A.,  2  Orange  Court,  Drury 
Lane  1784:  6560,  6636,^  6665 

AITKEN,^  James,  18  Little  Russell 
Court,  Drury  Lane  1788:  7337, 

7343,  7345,  735©,  735i 

Bear  Street,  Leicester  Square 

1788:  7398.    1790:  7653,  7655 
14   Castle   Street,   Leicester 


Square  1789:  7529,  753©,  7S3i, 
7533,  7535,  7537,  754°,  754i,  7546, 
7548,  7564,  7588.  1790:  7710, 
7711,  7725,  7745.  1791:  7821, 
7872,  791 1,  7981,  7994,  8010. 
1792:  8056,  p.  905,  8094,  8109, 
p.  922,  81 16,  8136,  8152 

ALDBERY,  A.,^  Strand,  London 
1787:  7157 

ALKEN,  S.,3  3  Dufours  Place,  Soho 
1785:  6868 

ALLEN,  T.    1786:  6963 

ALLEN,  William,  32  Dame  Street, 
Dublin  1784:  6747,  6748,  6749, 
6750,  6751,  6752,  6753,  6754,  6755, 
6756,  6757,  6758 

AORET,  L,  44  Wardour  Street  1786: 
7110 

ATKINS,  J.    See  AITKEN 

BALDREY,  J.  K.,^  Cambridge  1785: 

6834,  6835.   See  below 
BALDREY,    Joshua,^     1 9    Holbom, 

London    {see    Doughty)     1788: 

7261,  7305 
BARNES,  J.    1790:  7634 
BARROW,    J., 3    White    Lion,    Bull 

Stairs,  Surrey  Side  Black  Friars 

Bridge    1784:   6362,   6377,   6420, 

6429,  6463.    1785:  6771 
BASIRE,    J.,    16    St.    John's    Lane, 

Clerkenwell   1784:  6707 
BENSON,  E.,  19  Belton  Street,  Long 

Acre    1784:  p.  123 
BENTLEY  &  CO.  (Atttc  Miscellatiy) 

1789:    7561,    7590,    7601,    7602. 

1790:  7644,  7658,  7670,  7684,  7712, 

7713,  7714,  7715,  7716,  7717,  7718, 

7719,  7748,  7749,  7750,  7751,  7752, 


7753,7754,7755,7756,7757.  1791: 
7822,  7825,  7831,  7887,  7953,  7954, 
7955,  7956,  7993,  8018,  8019,  8022 

BERRY,  J.,  or  T.,  129  Oxford  Street 
1788:  7299,  7319,  7435.  1789: 
7505 

BEST,  J.    1786:  6969 

BESTLAND,  C,  West  End,  Hamp- 
stead   Addenda:  8281 

BINNS,  L,  Leeds   1788:  7455* 

BOULTER,  D.,  Market-Place,  Nor- 
wich Addenda:  8241 

BOWLES  &  CARVER,  69  St.  Paul's 
Church  Yard  (reissues  of  plates 
published  by  Carington  Bowles) 
1784:  6759,  6761,  3792,  3793,  6767. 
1785:  3771,  3766,  6907,  6912. 
1786:  7118,  7119.  1787:  7256. 
1788:  7473.  1790:  7817,  7819, 
7820.  1791:  3763,  8051,  8052, 
8053.   1792:3764,8237 

BOWLES,  Carington,  69  St.  Paul's 
Church  Yard  1784:  6708,  6709, 
6760,  6762,  6764,  6765,  6766,  3772, 
3773,  6768,  6769.  1785:  6893, 
6894,  6895,  6896,  6897,  6898,  6903, 
6904,  6905,  6906,  6908,  6910, 
6911,  3755,  3756,  6913.  1787:  7255, 
7257.  1790:  7816,  7818.  1791: 
8047,  3762, 8048,  8049,  8050.  1792: 
8223,  8224,  8225,  8226,  8227,  8228, 
8229,  8230,  8231,  8232,  8233,  8234. 
Addenda:  8280 

BOYNE  &  WALKER,  II  Great  Turn- 
stile, Lincoln's  Inn  Fields  1787: 
7138,7211 

BOYNE,  J., 3  2  Shoe  Lane,  Fleet 
Street   1784:6468 

BRADSHAW,  J.,  Coventry  Street 
1788:  7388.^    1789:  7487 

BRETHERTON,  James,^  New  Bond 
Street  1784:  6380,  6381,  6413, 
6437,  6637,  6638,  6639,  6640,  6641, 
6642,  6643.  1785:  6873.  1786: 
7056,  7114.  1787:  7246.  1788: 
7290,  7291,  7292,  7293.  Addenda: 
8242 


»  With  H.  Humphrey. 
3  See  Index  of  Artists. 


*  Sometimes  spelt  Aitkin,  Aickcn,  Atkins. 
♦  With  I.  Wallis. 


1076 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


BROOKES,    H.,    8    Coventry    Street 
1786:    7063.     1791:   7830.     Ad- 
denda: 8238 
BROWN,  Charles,  Strand  1789:  7479 
BROWN,    J.,    Mayfair    1786:    6926, 
6948 

Holborn  1788:  7297^ 

Oxford    Street    1788:    7339, 

7340,  7347,  7349,  7360,  7366,^  7368, 
7372 

Duke  Street  1788:  7346 


BROWN,  J.  or  I.,  Silver  Street, 
Golden  Square  1784:  6645,  6646 

BROWN,  J.  or  T.,  Rathbone  Place  (or 
Street)  1784:  6507,  6535,  6550, 
6575,  6580,  6583,  6593,  6620,  6627, 
6659,  6668,  6671,  6711.  1785: 
6773,  6785.  1786:  6962.  1788: 
7265.  Addenda:  8246 

BROvm,  Tom,  Spa  Fields,  Chelsea 
1788:  7383 

BRYDON,  F.,  7,  opposite  North- 
umberland House,  Charing  Cross 
Addenda:  8243 

BULL,  E.,  Ludgate  Hill   1784:  6720 

BULL  &  JEFFRYES,  Ludgate  Hill 
1790:7800.   1792:8220 

BUN,  T.  ( ?  pseudonym.  Brown),  St. 
Martin's  Lane   1784:  6565 

BURKE,  J.    1786:  6966 

CARTER,  J.,   Oxford   Street     1784: 

6527.     1786:    6933,    6958,    6965, 

6967,    6974,    6984.     1787:    7134, 

7142,  7207 
GARY,  I.  or  J.,  188  Strand    1785: 

6836.    1786:  6923  A,  6935 
CATTERMOUL,  J.,  376  Oxford  Street 

1784:  6378,  6387,  6408,  6422,  6714 
CITY    OF    BRISTOL,    Mint    Street, 

South wark   1784:  6374 
CLAMP,  R.,  Holborn,  London  1788: 

7258 
CLARKSON,  F.,  73  St.  Paul's  Church 

Yard     1784:  6555,   6601.     1785: 

6857  A 
COOK,   Jo",   Fleet  Street   [?  Wells] 

1784:  6417 
COOKE,  L,  Fetter  Lane   1784:  6568 
CORN,  J.  ( ?  pseudonym),  55   Fleet 

Street   1785:  6839 


CORNELL,  or  CORNEILLE,  Thomas, 
Bruton  Street  1784:  6368,  6371, 
6372,  6426,  6454,  6602.  1785: 
6784,  6788,  6789,  6792,  679s,  6802, 
6805,  6855,  6858,  6863.  1786: 
6919,  6925,  6959,  6960,  7052,  7053, 
7054,  7057,  7061.  1787:  7137, 
7140,  7147,  7151,  7172,  7172  A, 
7185.  1788:  7283,  7289,  7300, 
7302,  7307,  7309,  7313,  7417. 
1789: 7483,  7484, 7493,  7508,  7509, 
7517.  1790:  7628.  1791:  7858, 
7859.  1792:  8067,  8108,  8138, 
8144.  Addenda:  8244 

CRAWFORD,  J.,  7  Middle  Row,  Hol- 
born   1787:  7180.    1788:  7295 

CRIBB,  R.,  288  near  Great  Turn- 
stile, Holborn   1789:  7615 

CROOKSHANKS,  J.  or  Isaac,^  53  Stan- 
hope Street,  Clare  Market  1784: 
6647.   Addenda:  8247 

D.,  W.  See  dent 

DARCHERY  (or  D'Achcry,  Dachery, 

Darchry),     E.    (or    Mrs.),     St. 

James's  Street    1784:  6366,  6373, 

6385,  6399,  6415,  6474,  6475,  6520, 
6713 

DAVIS,  A.,  Birmingham   1788:  7423 

DEAN,  J., 2  Bentinck  Street,  Soho 
1790:  7810 

DENT,  W.3  (Also  Publisher  or  *  Pro- 
prietor' of  prints  sold  by  J. 
Aitken,  J.  Brown,  Dickie,  Mack- 
lew,  and  Moore,  his  name  first 
appearing  on  7317)  1789:  7498, 
7534,  7545,  7563-  1790:  7623, 
7625,  7627,  7630,  7636,  7638,  7652, 
7662,  7669,  7672,  7674,  7676,  7677, 
7680, 7681 ,  7682, 7687, 7689.  1791: 
7827,  7838,  7842,  7852,  7854,  7868, 
7871,  7873,  7880,  7890,  7902,  7903, 
7907,  7928,  801 1.  1792:  8057, 
8059,  8065,  8073,  8076,  8093,  8135, 
8139,  8140 

DE  POGGi,  A.  C,  7  St.  George's 
Row,  Hyde  Park   1787:  7219 

DICKIE,  I.  or  W.,  195  Strand  (or 
opposite  Exeter  Change,  Strand) 
1787:  7130,*  7154,*  7159,*  7162,5 
7175,   7183,*  7209,   7251-     1788: 


■f  With  Dickie.  *  With  Dent.  ^  See  Index  of  Artists. 

♦  With  Macklew  and  Moore.  '  With  Macklew. 


1077 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


7269,'  7273,*  7284,'  7287,'  7297,^ 
7303,'  7317,*  7318,'    7325,'  7326,^ 

7328,^  7329,*  p.  499>'  7331,'  7332,' 
737o» 
DICKINSON,  W.,3  158  Bond  Street 
(or  Bond  Street)  1784:  6726. 
1785:  6882.*  1787:  7229,  7230, 
7231,  7232,  7233,  7234,  723s,  7236, 

7237,  7238,  7239,  7240,  7241,  7242. 
1788:7452 

24  Old  Bond  Street    1792: 

8205,  8206,  8207,  8208 

158  New  Bond  Street.    Ad- 


denda: 8278,5  82795 
DiVEY,  W.,  Blackheath,  Kent   1787: 

7223 
DOUCE,    Jacob,    at    the    Hustings, 

Covent  Garden — and  in  Drury 

Lane   1784:  6556 
DOWSE,  Jacob,  near  Turnstile,  Hol- 

born   1791:7836 
DOUGHTY,  S.  (or  J.)  and  Co.,  19 

Holborn    (see    Baldrey)      1788: 

7264,  7267,  7279,  7285 
DRACEY,  I.,  Paternoster  Row   1787: 

7149 

EL  WEN,  J.  P.    1784:  p.  112 
EVANS,  J.,  41   Long  Lane    1791: 
8029 

FIELDING,  J. ,  Paternoster  Row  1 785 : 
6889 

FORD,  Richard  (probably  fictitious, 
see  Index  of  Persons)   1788:  7367 

FORES,  S.  W.6  (S.  Fores  till  6547, 
occasionally  W.  Fores),  3  Picca- 
dilly 1784: 6367,7  6388, 6407,  6412, 
6432,  6434, 6435,  6452,^  6462, 6480, 
6516,  6538,  6547,  6553,  6582,  6600, 
6613,  6617,  6622,  6623,  6635,  6664. 
1785: 6772,  6776,  6778, 6779,  6799, 
6857, 6860, 6862, 6874,  6875, 6878  A, 
6879  A.  1786:  6918,  6920,  6924, 
6927,  6929,  6937,  6938,  6941,  6942, 
6943,  6944, 6947,  6949,  6954,  6961, 
6968,  6970,  6971,  6973,  6985,  6986, 
6987,  6988,  7015,  7018,  7030,  7058, 


7066,  7067,  7071,  7074,  7081,  7082, 
7089,  7090, 7092, 7094, 7099, 7102, 
7103,7105,7109,7111,7112.  1787: 
7125,  7129,  7131,  7143,  7144,  7153, 
7155,  7156,  7158,  7163,  7164,  7165, 
7166,  7167,  7168,  7169,  7170,  7171, 
7i73>  7174,  7181,  7210,  7212,  7214, 
7220,  7224,  7225,  7226,  7227,  7228, 
7247,  7249, 7252, 7254-  1 788 :  7259, 
7263,  7278,  7281,  7282,  7286,  7306, 
7308,  7310,  7312,  7314,  7315,  7320, 
7321,  7323,  7324,  7330,  7335,  7338, 
7358,  7359, 7373,  7375, 7375  A,  737^, 
7377,  7378,  7380,  7381,  7385,  7387, 
7391, 7394, 7421, 7421  A,  7422, 7427, 
7428,  7429,  7430,  7437,  7438,  7441- 
1789: 7492,  7497,  7499, 7501,  7514, 
7515,  7519,  7520,  7521,  7522,  7523, 
7526,  7532,  7538,  7539,  7542,  7549, 
7552,  7553,  7557,  7559,  75^0,  7562, 
7565, 7586,  7592,  7606.  1790: 7624, 
7629,  7631,  7635,  7641,  7642,  7647, 
7649,  7651,  7654,  7661,  7663,  7665, 
7666,  7667,  7668,  7671,  7673,  7683, 
7690,  7691,  7720,  7726,  7729,  7738, 
7739,  7741,  7742,  7744,  774^,  7769, 
7794,7795,7796,7797,7799.  1791: 
7823,  7824,  7828,  7829,  7835,  7837, 
7840,  7845,  7851,  7853,^  7855,7861, 
7883,  7884,  7885,  7889,  7891,  7892, 
7893,  7894,  7899,  p.  816,  7905, 
7910,  7914,  7918,  7919, 7920,  7921, 

7927,  7930,  7931,  7932,  7934,  7977, 
7982,^°  7984,  7986,  7999,  8001, 
8004, 8007,  8008,  8009,  8012, 8015, 
8016,  8017,  8021,  8024,  8025,  8026, 
8027,  8028,  8032,  8038,  8039,  8043. 
1792:  8055,  8062,  8063,  8068,  8071, 
8079,  8081,  8085,  8087,  8098,  8100, 
8104,  8110,  8114,  8124,  8125,  8130, 
8131,  8142,  8143,  8146,  8157,  p. 
955,  8163,  8164,  8166,  8168,  8169, 
8174,  8175,  8176,  8177,  8193,  8194, 
8197, 8198,"  8199,"  8200,"  8201," 
8202,"  8203,8210, 821 1, 8221, 8222. 
Addenda:  8252,  8253,  8260,  8261, 
8269,  8270,  8276,  8277,  8283 
FOUDRINIER,  C,  Jun.,  Charing  Cross 
1791:8044 


^  With  Moore. 
^  See  Index  of  Artists. 
^  See  Index  of  Persons. 
^  Date  probably  1793. 


2  With  J.  Brown,  Holborn. 
♦  With  John  Jones.  s  with  C.  Knight. 

'  With  Hedges.  *  J.  Fores. 

^^  J.  M.  Fores.  "  A  reissue  in  1794. 

1078 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


GEORGE,  W.,   227   Strand  (see  W. 

Humphrey)    1784:  6774.     1785: 

6840 
GiLLRAY,   J.,*   Temple   Bar    1788: 

7371 

Chelsea   1792:  8162^ 

GREEN,  V.,^  29  Newman  Street,  Ox- 
ford Street  Addenda:  8243 

HAMILTON,  A.,  Jun^",  Fleet  Street.^ 
His  imprint  is  on  all  Tete-a-tSte 
plates,  see  Index  of  Titles 

HANNELL,  C.  L.,  Great  Bandy  Leg 
Walk,  Borough    1784:  6729 

HANYER,  John,  Strand   1784:  6546 

HARADEN,  R.,  85  Tottenham  Court 
Road   1785:  6880 

HARDING,  E.,  132  Fleet  Street  {see 
Wells)  1788:  7304.  1790:  7732 
(Fleet  Street).  Addenda:  8264 

HARDY,  T.,  Strand   1784:  6603 

HARMAR,  T.,  164  Piccadilly  (oppo- 
site Bond  Street)  1787:  7176, 
7177,7178,7179.   1788:7424,7425 

HARRIS,  John    1802:  6882  A 

HARRIS,  T.,  High  Street,  Maryle- 
bone   1784:6667 

HARRISON  &  CO.  (publisher  of  Wtfs 
Magazine)  1784:6736,6737,6738, 
6739,  6740,  6741,  6742,  6743,  6744, 
6745,  6746.    1785:  6884 

HEDGES,  E.,  92  Cornhill  1784: 6367,^* 
6395,  6396,  6401,  6410,  6414,  6424, 
6433,  6443,  6450,  645s,  6472,  6506, 
6570,  6581.    1786:  6990,^  6992^ 

HEDGES,  J.,  Royal  Exchange  1784: 
6562 

HEDGES,  S.,  91  Cornhill   1786:  6917 

HiNTON,  W.,  5  Sweetings  Alley, 
Royal  Exchange  1785 :  6815, 6837, 
6838,  6872.    1786:  7096 

HOLLAND,  W.,^  66  Drury  Lane 
1784:  6521,  6532,  6541,  p.  113, 
6557,  p.  152.  6663.  1785:  6876,5 
6888.  1 786 :  6932, 6945, 6955, 6972, 
6991,  6995,  701 1,  7083 

50  Oxford  Street  1786:  6931  A,^ 

'^  See  Index  of  Artists. 


7014.  1787:  7128,  7182.  1788: 
p.  469,  7298,  7301,  p.  483,  7334, 
7336, 7341,  7364,  7418, 7439-  1789: 
7477,  7482,  7491,  7503,  7504,  7506, 
7507,  7516,  7525,  7544,  7547,  7550, 
7554,  7555,  7556,  7585,  7594,  7595, 
7600,  7605,  7607,  7614.  1790: 
7622,  7632,  7639,  7645,  7646,  767s, 
p.  696,  7678,  7679,  7685,  7688, 
7692,  7728,  7735,  7737,  7766,  7767, 
7771,  7772,  7773,  7774,  7775,  7776, 
7777,  7778,  7779,  778o,  7781,  7782, 
7783,  7784,  7785,  7786,  7787,  7788. 
1791 :  7826,  7834,  7841,  7843,  7844, 
7847,  7849,  7857,  7860,  7863,  7864, 
7865,  7866,  p.  796,  7874,  7875, 
7876,  7877,  7878,  7879,  7881,  7886, 
7888,  7897,  7898,  7904,  7915,  7935, 
7979,  7987,  7988,  7989,  7990, 
7991,  8002,  8005,  8006,  8030,  8031, 
8040.  1792:  8060,  8064,  8066,  p. 
898,  8078,  8084,  8089,  8090,  8091, 
8092,  8097,  8102,  8106,  8123,  8126, 
8129,  8153,  8170,  8172,  8173,  8209. 
Addenda:     8268,     8271,^    8272,^ 

8273,'  8274,'  8275' 
HOLLO  WAY,  W.,  Strand    1784:  p. 

150 

HOOPER,  S.,  212  High  Holborn 
1785:  6794.    1788:  7456,  7457 

HUMPHREY,  G.,  48  Long  Acrc  1784: 
6416,  6458,  6459,  6518,  6528,  6551, 
6564,  6585,  6629.  1786:  6964, 
7108.  1787:  7124,  7126.  1788: 
7262 

HUMPHREY,  H.  (occasionally  spelt 
Humphries,  or  Humphreys),  51 
New  Bond  Street  (or  'Bond 
Street')  1784:  6447,  6448,  6456, 
6481,  6487,  6501,  6508,  6544,  6554, 
p.  112,  6561,  6578,8  6628,  6634  A, 
6636,9  6669,  6716,  6721,  6731,  6732. 
1786:6921, 6990, ''°6992^°(5  Bond 
Street),  6994,  7010,  7016,  7062 
(5  New  Bond  Street),  7085,  7097, 
7107.  1787:7215,7218,7243,7245, 
7248,7253.  1788:7260,7266,7271, 

2  With  H.  Humphrey. 
'  Publisher  of  the  Town  and  Country  Magazine,  son  of  Archibald  Hamilton 
(1736-83),  d.  1792.   Plomer,  Diet,  of  Booksellers,  1932. 

*  With  Fores.  '  At  50  Oxford  Street :  probably  published  later. 
^  Date  uncertain.  ^  Published  1 802,  at  1 1  Cockspur  Street. 

*  Address  that  of  W.  Humphrey. 

9  With  A.  Aitken.  »»  With  E.  Hedges. 

1079 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


7344,  7352,  7353,  7354,  73S6,  7361, 
7369,  7388,^  7392,  7453.  1789: 
7478,  7481,  7485,  7543,  7583,  7584, 

7589 

—  18  Old  Bond  Street  1790: 


7640,  7648,  7686,  7721,  7727,  7789, 
7790, 7791 .  1791: 7846, 7848, 7862, 
7867,  7882,  7906,  7908,  7909,  7913, 
7916,  7917,  7922,  7923,  7929,  7933, 
7936,  7937,  7938,  7963,  7964,  7965, 
7966,  7967,  7968,  7969,  7970,  7971, 
7972,  7973,  7974,  7975,  797^,  7980, 
7983,  7997,  8000,  8013,  8014,  8045. 
1792:  8054,8058,  8061,  8069,  8070, 
8072,  8074,  8075,  8080,  8082,  8086, 
8088,  8095,  8096,  8103,  8105,  8107, 
8112,  8113,  8117,  8121,  8122,  8132, 
8137,  8141,  8145,  8147,  8155,  8156, 
8158,  8159,  8160,  8161,  8162^ 
HUMPHREY,  W.,  227  Strand  1784: 
6365,  6369,  6375,  6379,  6383,  6384, 
6402,  6406,  6428,  6431,  6436,  6442, 
6444,  6446,  6464,  6469,  6476,  6482, 
6486,  6494,  6495,  6510,  6526,  6529, 

6543,  6562  A,3  6563,  6566,  6587, 

6589, 6590, 6591, 6594, 6597,  6598, 
6649,  6670,  6715,  6717, 6723, 6730. 

1785:  6783  (Near  Temple  Bar, 
Strand),  6790,  6791,  6804,  6841, 
6891.  1786:  (Lancaster  Court) 
6931.  1788:  7333.^  Addenda: 
8240,  8250 
HUMPHREYS,  H.,  3  Bedford  Court, 
Covent  Garden   1786:  6977 

JACKSON,  E.,  14  Marylebone  Street, 
Golden  Square  1785:  6818.^ 
1786: 7012, 7019, 7020, 7031, 7032, 
7033,  7034,  7035,  7036,  7037,  7038, 
7039,  7040,  7041,  7042,  7043,  7044, 
7045,  7046,  7047,  7048,  7049,  7050, 
7055, 7060, 7065, 7088.   1787: 7128 

JACKSON,  Mrs.,  Mary  le  bone 
Street .  .  .   1787:  7128 

JARVIS,  J.,  Richmond  Buildings 
1787:  7155 

JONES,  C,  Brewer  Street  1784: 6537 

JONES,  J.,s  63  Great  Portland  Street 
1785:  6881,  6882,6  6883 


KAY,  John  (of  Edinburgh),  publisher 

of  his  own  plates.   See  Index  of 

Artists 
KEARSLEY,  George,  46  Fleet  Street 

1786:  7028 
KNIGHT,  C.5   Brumpton  Addenda: 

8278,  8279 

LANGHAM,  J.,  Russell  Street,  Covent 

Garden   1784:6382 
LAY,  Mrs.,  on  the  Steine,  Bright- 

helmstone    1789:  7604 
LEAK,    William,    76    Wood    Street 

1784:  6473 
LEWIS,    W.,     15    Great    Newport 

Street,  Long  Acre    1786:  7072. 

1787:  7216,  7217 
LINN,  J.,  Ludgate  Street  1784: 6542 
LISTER,  G.    1784:  6631,  6632 
LOCKE,  W.  {Attic  Miscellany)    1791 : 

7895,  7900,  7957,  7992,  7998 
LOCKiNGTON,s  J.,   Saville   Passage, 

Conduit  Street,  Hanover  Square 

1784:  p.  140.    1786:6922 

MCKENZIE,  Alex**,  loi  Berwick  Street, 
Soho   1786: 6939,  6940 

MACKLEW,  E.,  opposite  the  Opera 
House,  Haymarket  (or  9  Hay- 
market)  1786:  6980,  6989,  6993. 
1787:   7123,   7127,   7130/   7133,^ 

7139.8  7145,  7148,  7154,7  7159,7 

7162.9  71837 

MACPHAiL,   H.,  68  High  Holborn 

1784: 6467, 6479,  6500,  6533,  6539, 

6552,  6621 
MARSHALL,     J.,     96     Graccchurch 

Street   1785:  6801 
MARTYN,  T.,  10  Great  Marlborough 

Street  {see  M.  Wells)   1790:  781 1 
MAYNARD,  W.,  I  St.  Martin's  Court, 

Leicester  Fields  1 786 :  6956, 7021 . 

1789:  7558.    1790:  7660.    1791: 

7856 
MILLS,  J.,  Strand  1786:  6923,  6930 
MOORE,    J.,    19    Hallon  (?  Hatton) 

Street   1784:  6577 
MOORE,   W.,   Vere   Street,   Oxford 

Street   1784:  6574 
48  New  Bond  Street  (or  Bond 


^  With  Bradshaw.  ^  With  Gillray. 

3  Date  uncertain.  Address,  3  Lancaster  Court. 

♦  Date  uncertain.  '  See  Index  of  Artists.  ^  With  W.  Dickinson. 

'  With  W.  Moore  and  Dickie.  *  With  W.  Moore.  »  With  Dickie. 

1080 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


Street)  1785:  6810,  6915.  1786: 
6957.  1787:  7130,^  7133,^  7139,^ 
7154,^  7159,'  7183,'  7208,  7213. 
1788:  7269,3  7273,3  7274,  7275, 
7280,  7284,3  7287,3  7303,3  7317,3 
7318,3  7325^3  7326^3  ^327^  ^328,3 
7329,^  p.  499,3  7331,3  7332,3 
7370,^  7379,  7382 

308  Oxford  Street  (or  Oxford 

Street)  1788:  7390,  7397.  1789: 
7480,  7489,  7500,  7SII,  7513,  7524 

MORGAN,  C,  Holies  Street,  Caven- 
dish Square  (probably  fictitious) 
1786:  7013 

MOUNT,  J.,  Oxford  Road  1784: 6634 

MUTLOW,  see  woodman 

NEWTON,  Richard,  Old  Bailey  1791 : 
7912 

Great  Portland  Street    1791: 

7924.   1792:8083 

KILL,  George,  Fleet  Street    1787: 

7136 
NOTICE,  I.  ( ?  pseudonym),  Oxford 

Road  1 784 :  6471 ,  6540, 6558, 6595 
NUNN,  J.,  Queen  Street  1785:  6797, 

6812,  6813.    1786:  6914 

PADDY  WHACK,  See  No.  7182    1791: 

8005 
PARRY,  J.,  London   1784:  6648 

30  Henrietta  Street,  Covent 

Garden   1785: 6916 

PAYE,  R.,  37  Broad  Street,  Golden 

Square   1784:6653 
PHELPS,  William   1784:  6803 
PHILLIPS,  J.,  164  Piccadilly    1786 

6928,  7100.  Addenda:  8255,  8256 
PHILLIPS,    R.,    Southwark     1787 

7146,  7150,  7152 
PICOT,  V.  M.,-*  471  Strand    1784 

6728 
6  Greek  Street,  Soho    1788 

7440 
POLLARD,   R.,*   Spafields,   London 

1790:  7814,  7815 
PRICE,  W.,  Tower  Hill   1789:  7597 

REILLY,  F.,  High  Holborn    1784: 

6461 
RICH,  E.,  55  Fleet  Street  (or  oppo- 


site Anderton's  Coffee  House, 
Fleet  Street)  1784:  6512,  6513, 
6559,  6624.  1785:  6808.  1788: 
7272,  7355 
RIDGWAY  (or  ridgeway),  James,  196 
(or  opposite  Sackville  Street) 
Piccadilly  1784:6457,6478,6712. 
1785:  6775,  6816,  6817 

York    Street,    St.    James's 

Square     1790:  7722.     Addenda: 
(196  Piccadilly)  8262,  8263 

ROBERTS,  P.,  28  Middle  Row,  Hol- 
born  1791:78695 

ROWLANDSON,  T.,^  50  Poland  Street, 
Pantheon  1788:7448,7449.  1790: 
7768 

Strand  (or  52  Strand)    1792: 

8178,  8195,  8198,  8199,  8200,  8201, 
8202,  8204 

ROWLANDSON,  William,  49  Broad 
Street,  Bloomsbury    1788:  7442, 

7443 
RYLAND,  M.,  107  New  Bond  Street 

1791:8033 

SANDBY,  Paul,  St.  George's  Row, 
Oxford  Turnpike,  probably  pub- 
lisher of  his  own  plates,  see  Index 
of  Artists 

SAUER,  E.,  49  Jermyn  Street   1784: 

6453 

SAYER,  Robert,  53  Fleet  Street 
1786:  7098,  7120.  1790:  7801, 
7802,  7803,  7804,  7805,  7806,  7807, 
7808,  7809.  1791:  8034,  8036, 
8045  A.  1792:  8212,  8213,  8214, 
8215,  8216,  8217.  Addenda:  8258, 
8265 

SEWELL,  J.,  Cornhill  {European 
Magazine)   1786:  7068,  7069 

SHEPPARD,  C,  19  Lambeth  (or  Lam- 
bert) Hill,  Doctors  Commons 
1786:7095.    1791:8020,8035 

SHERLOCK,  A.,  Princes  Street,  Lam- 
beth  1786:  6953 

SHIRLOCK,  Edward  (or  J.),  Drury 
Lane  1784:  6545,  6584,  6596, 
6619,  6626 

simkins,  S.,  Piccadilly   1787:  7221 

SKINNER,  K.   1791:  7839 


*  With  Macklew  and  Dickie. 

*  See  Index  of  Artists. 
5  Date  uncertain. 


*  With  Macklew. 


1081 


3  With  Dickie. 


INDEX  OF  PRINTSELLERS  AND  PUBLISHERS 


SMITH,  B.,^  10  Pleasant  Row,  Battle 

Bridge   1786:7080 
SMITH,    J.      1784:    6376    (Sold    at 

2   Pedlar's   Acre,   see  Walwyn), 

6390  (Sold  at  66  Drury  Lane,  see 

Holland) 
SMITH,   Jno,    35  Cheapside     1788: 

7426.    1789:  7603,  7610,  761 1 
SMITH,   J.    R.,    83    Oxford    Street 

1784:   6719,   6722.     1785:   6853, 

6865.   1786:  7086.  Addenda:  8254 
SMITH,  M.  (Sold  at  46  Fleet  Street) 

1784:  6641,  6470 
SMITH,  T.,  6  Wardour  Street  1785: 

6856 
SPARROW,  S.,*  17  Rosoman's  Street, 

Clerkenwell   1784:  6630 
STAFFORD,  W. ,  Oxford  Market  1 784 : 

6504 
STALKER,  Charles,  4  Stationers'  Court 

1788:  7322 
STOCKDALE,  J.*  1784:  6393  B,  6393  c 
STRATFORD,  W.  and  J.,  112  Holborn 

Hill  {Carlton  House  Magazine) 

1792:  8077,  8101,  8111,  8120,  8127, 

8128,  8133,  8134 
STUBBS,      George     Townley*     (or 

Towneley)    Peter's    Court,    St. 

Martin's  Lane   1786:  71 01,  7106, 

7113 
SYMONDS,  H.  D.,  Paternoster  Row 

1791:7833 

TODD,  E.   1784:  6661 

TRENT,  S.,  I  New  Street,  Covent 

Garden   1786:  6946,  6983 
TRINGHAM,    E.,    36    Hosier    Lane, 

West    Smithfieid     1785:    6901. 

1786:  7093 
TROTTER,  T.'    1784:  6699 
TURNER,  Snow  Hill   1784:  6517 

WALBROOKE,  J.  Wjsen   1784:  6485 
WALKER,  T.,  79  Dame  Street,  Dub- 
lin {Hibernian  Magazine)  (address 
of  Walker's  Lottery  Office)  1 790 : 
7760,7761,7762.    1791:8037 
WALL,  W.,  31  Charles  Street,  oppo- 
site Middlesex  Hospital     1784: 
6524 
WALLis,  G.,LudgateHill  1785: 6770 
WALLis,  J.,  16  Ludgate  Street  1784: 
6440,  6451,  6466,  6503,  6523,  6534, 
'  See  Index  of  Artists.  *  See 


6536,  6573,  6616,  6625,  6710,  6733. 

1785:  6809,  6886.     1788:   7455.* 

1789:  7618,  7619 
WALTERS,  J.,  16  Ludgate  Street  {see 

Wallis)   1785:6852 
WALWYN,  B.,  2  Pedlar's  Acre,  West- 
minster Bridge   1784:  6389,  6398, 

6400,  6404,  6405,  6439 
WATTS,  S.,  50  Strand   1786:  7017 
WATTS,  W.  (?  Wells),  Fleet  Street 

1784:  6572 
WELCKER,     John    (Music     Seller), 

18  Coventry  Street,  Haymarket 

1785:  6890 
WELLS,  M.,  10  Great  Marlborough 

Street  (5ge  Martyn)   1790:7812 
WELLS,  W.,  132  (or  opposite  Salis- 
bury Court)  Fleet  Street    1784: 

6361,  6386,  6419,  6425,  6427,  6438, 

6445,  6491,  6493,  6549,  6614,  6652 
WHITAKER,    J.,    Ave    Maria    Lane 

1784:  6657 
WHITE,  4  Piccadilly  ( }  pseudonym 

for  Fores)  Addenda:  8252 
WHITE,  C.,*  Stafford  Row,  Pimlico 

1784:  6727 
WICKSTEED,  J.,*  30  Henrietta  Street, 

Covent  Garden   1787:  7244 
WINGRAVE,  J.    1784:  6531. 
WOODMAN,  T.,  &  H.  Mutlow,'  30 

Russell   Court,    Covent   Garden 

1785:  6800,  6849,  6887 
WOODWARD,  G.  M.,*  28  Cary  Street, 

Lincoln's  Inn   1785:  6878,  6879 
WYATT,  E.,  360  Oxford  Street  1784: 

6703 

YARDLEY,    E.,    Ncw   Inn   Passage, 
Clare  Market  Addenda:  8257 

4  Aldermary  Church  Yard    1785: 
6902 

14  Dover  Street   1784:  6519 

66  Drury  Lane  {see  Holland)  1784: 

P-  "3 

34  King  Street,  St.  Ann's,  Soho 

1784:  6618 
164  Piccadilly  {see  Harmar)    1787: 

7132 
16  Ludgate  Street  {see  Wallis,  J.) 

1790:  7731 

5  Sweetings  Alley,  Royal  Exchange 
{see  Hinton)   1786:  6936 

Index  of  Persons.  ^  With  Binns. 


1082 


PRINTED  IN 

GREAT  BRITAIN 

AT  THE 

UNIVERSITY  PRESS 

OXFORD 

BY 

JOHN  JOHNSON 

PRINTER 

TO  THE 
UNIVERSITY 


NE  British  Museiim.     Dept.   of 

55      Prints  and  Drawings 

L7A3       Catalogue 

1870 

V.6 


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