Mim
MMmllm
FOR THE PEOPLE
FOR EDVCATION
FOR SCIENCE
LIBRARY
.OF
THE AMERICAN MUSEUM
OF
NATURAL HISTORY
CATALOaUE OF THE SPECIMENS
ILLUSTRATING THE
OSTEOLOGY
OF
VERTEBRATED ANIMALS,
RECENT AND EXTINCT,
CONTAINED IN
THE MUSEUM
or
THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS OF ENGLAND.
PART III.
Class AVES.
BY
R. BOAVDLER SHARPE, LL.D.
LONDON :
PRINTED FOR THE COLLEGE;
AND SOLD BY
TAYLOR AXD FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
ilDCCCXCI.
FLAMMAM.
POINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS,
KED LION COURT, FLEET STREET,
PREFACE.
In this (\italoo-ne of AvIpji skeletons in tlie Museum of the
College of Surgeons, the author has endeavoured to assign to
the species the most recent accepted name, to which lias been
appended some of the most important synonyms.
The general plan adopted in Professor Flower's ' (Jatalogne
of Mammalia' has been followed in the })resent volume ; but it
has been thought better to introduce a few illustrations, to
enable the students who may not have the specimens imme-
diately before them to comprehend the characters described in
the text of the work.
It has been considered advisable to commence a new series of
numbers with the ]')resent Catalogue, and in future the Avian
specimer.s will be distinguished from the JMauunalian by the
addition of an asterisk ; thus : — *2-l, kx'.
In conclusion, the author begs to thank Professor StrWxVRT
for his kind assistance throughout the preparation of the work,
especially in the examination of certain difficult points of struc-
ture. To Dr. T{. "W. SiiriEiJtT ]\c U al-o extremely indebted
IV PREFACE.
for his kindness in looking over the sheets as they were passing
through the press and for suggesting many alterations and
improvements. The references given do not aim at a complete
synonymy, which would have been beyond the province of the
present Catalogue ; but a few names of papers and figures of
different osteological specimens have been quoted wherever they
have been deemed useful to the student.
R. B. S.
British Museum (Natural History),
November 13, 1891.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
[Extinct species are denoted by an asterisk.]
Page
Subclass PASSERIFORMES 1
Order I. P I C 0 - P ASSE HE S 3
Suborder I. PASSERES 3
Division A. Passeres Acromyodi, or Oscines ... 5
Subdivision A. Passekes Normales 0
Family COllVID^ <"'
Genus Trypanocorax, iSimd 7
frugilegus {L.) 7
Genus Corvus, L 8
corax, L 8
coronoides, Vig 9
Genus Coteus, Kaup 9
monedula {L.) 9
Genus Corona, Km(p 10
cornix {L.) 10
corone {L.) 10
australis (G'o^t/f?) 11
tenuirostris {Moore) 11
Genus Microcorax, Sharpe 11
jamaicensis {Gm.) 11
Genus Nucifraga, Briss 12
caryocatactcs {L.) 12
Genus Pica, Briss 1"^
pica (/>.) 13
Genus Dcndrocitta, Gould 13
rufa (>Sfo^i.) 13
hinialiiyeiisi.s, lUijlh H
VI iSYSTEMATlC INJ>EX.
Puniily CORVID^E {continued).
Page
(Jeuus Cissa, Bole , . . . . 14
cbineusis (Bodd.) 1-4
(jleuus Garrulus, Briss 14
glandarius (L.) 14
bispecularis, Vii/ 15
Genus Cyanocitta, Stric/il 15
cristata (L.) 15
Genus Graculus, Koch 15
graculus (L.) 15
Genus Corcorax, Less 1^'
melanorhamphus {Vieill.) 16
Family PAR ADlSEIDiE 10
Subfamily Epimachin^ 17
Genus Ptilorhis, Swains 17
paradisea, Swains 17
kSul>family Paradisein^ 18
Genus Paradisea, L 18
minor, Shaw 18
Family PTILONORHYNCHID^ 18
Genus Ptilonorbyncbus, Kuhl 18
holosericeus, Kuhl 18
Genus ^lurcedus, Cah 19
viridis (Lath.) 19
Genus Cblamydodera, G'oidd 19
guttata, Goidd 19
Genus Sericulus, Stvains 20
melinua (Lath.) 20
Family STUENID^: 20
Genus fSturnus, L 20
vulgaris, L 21
menzbieri, Sharpe 22
Genus Pastor, Taam 22
roscus {L.) 22
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Vll
Family STURNIDiE (conthmed).
Pago
Genus Sturnopastor, IIod<js 22
contra (L.) 22
Genus Dilophus, F. 23
carunculatus {Gm.) 23
Family EULAEETID.E 23
Genus Eulabes, Cuv 23
interraedius (A. Hay) 23
religiosus (L.) 23
Genus Teraenuchus Cah 24
pagodarum (Gm.) 24
Genus Acridotheres, V. 24
tristis (L.) 24
Genus Lamprocolius, Sand 25
purpureus (P. L. S. Midi.) .... 25
Genus Heteralocha, Cah 25
acutirostris (Goidd) 25
Family AllTAMID.^ 2(5
Genus Artamus, V. 20
fuscus, Vielll 2G
leucogaster ( Vcdenc.) 27
sordidus {Lath.)
personatus (Gould)
Family DICllURID^
Genus Chibia, Hodgs 27
hottentotta (L.) 27
bracteata (CrouZc/) 28
Genus Buchanga, Hodfjs 28
pyrrhops {IIod</s.) '^^
Genus Dicranostreptus, Iteiclienh 29
megarhyuchus (Q. cj* G.) 29
Family ORIOLID.E 29
Genus Oriolus, L -•-'
meLuioccphalus, L 29
27
27
27
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family OiilOLlBJE {continued).
Page
Genus Mimeta, Vig. 4' Horsf. 30
viridis {Lath.) 30
Genus Sphecotheres, V 30
maxillaris {Lath.) 30
Family ICTERID.E 31
Genus Cassicus, Briss 31
persicus {L.) 31
Genus Molothrus, Swains 32
bouariensis {Gm.) 32
Genus Agelseus, V. 32
phceuiceus {L.) 32
humej'alis {Vuj.) 32
Genus Nesopsar, Scl 33
nigerrimus {Osbum) 33
Genus Stuniclla, V. 33
neglecta, Auduh 33
(xeuns Scolccophagus, Swains 33
fcri'ugineus {Gm.) 33
Genus Icterus, Briss 34
jamacai {Gm.) 34
leucopteryx ( Wagl.) 34
Family PLOCEID^ 34
Genus Vidua, Cuv 35
principalis {L.) 35
Genus Steganura, lieichcnh 35
paradisea {L.) 35
Genus Pyromelana, Bj) 35
oryx {L.) 35
afra {Gm.) 35
Genus Quclea, lieichcnh 36
(juelea {L.) 36
Genus Spermestes, Sivains 36
nana {Pucher.) 36
Genus Stictospiza, Shurpe 36
formosa {Lath.) 36
(icnus Amadiua, Sivains 37
fasoiata {Gin.) 37
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. IX
Family PLOCEID^ (contmued).
Tage
Genus Steganopleiira, Reichenh 37
guttata (Shaw) 37
Genus Hypochsera, Bp 38
fcuea, Ilartl 38
Genus Ta^niopygia, lieichenh 38
castanotis (Gould) 38
Genus Sporseginthus, Cab 38
subflavus (F/ei77.) 38
Geuus Munia, Hodcjs 39
oryzivora (L.) 39
maja (L.) 30
puuctulata (L.) 39
Genus Uroloncha, Cab 40
acuticauda (Hodjjs.) 40
Genus Poepliila, Goidd 40
cincta, Gould 40
gouldiae, Goidd 40
Genus Xeochraia, Bjy 41
phaeton (Hombr. t|- Jacq.) 41
Genus Estrilda, Swains. 41
cinerea, (Vieill.) 41
Genus Sporopipes, Cab 42
frontalis (Baud.) 42
Geuus Sitagra, Beichenb 42
eapensis (L.) 42
Genus Ploceus, Cuv 42
atrigula, Hodys 42
Family CCEKEBID^ 43
Genus Glossiptila, Scl 43
ruficoUis (Gm.) 43
Family TANAGKID^ 43
Genus Eui)honia, Desm 43
violacea (L.) 43
Genus Calliste, Bole 43
I'astuosa (Less.) 43
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family TANAGRID^ {continued).
Page
Gcuus Tanagra, L 44
cana, Swains 44
cj'anoptera ( Vieill.) 44
ornata, &j)arrm 44
Genus ypindalis, J. cf S 45
uigricephala (Jameson) 45
Genus llhamphoca3lus, Desm 45
brasilius {L.) 45
Genus Pyranga, V. 45
rubra (L.) 45
erythromelas, JlciU 46
Family FRINGILLID^E 46
Subfamily Coccothraustinje 46
Genus Coccotliraustes, Briss 46
coccothraustes (L.) 46
Genus Chloris, Citv 47
cbloris (L.) 47
Genus Mycerobas, Cab 47
melanoxanthus {Hodgs.) 47
Genus Hedymeles, Cah 47
ludovicianus {L.) 47
Genus Spermophila, Swains 48
albigularis {Spix) 48
Genus Loxigilla, Less 48
violacea (Z.) 48
auoxantba (Gosse) 48
Genus Phonipara, i)^) 48
marchii, Baird 48
Genus Cardinalis, Bp 49
cardinalis (L.) 49
Subfamily Fkingillinje 49
Genus Fringilla, L 49
cselebs, L 49
montifringilla, L 50
Genus Carduelis, Briss 50
carduelis (L.) 50
major, Tacz 50
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. xi
Family FllINGILLID.E (eoniiuued).
Subfamily FKI^'GILLINiE (continued).
Pago
Genus Chrysomitris, Bote 51
spiiius (L.) 51
Genus xicanthis, Bechst 5]
cannabina {L.) 51
linaiia (L.) 51
Genus Bj'canetes, Cah 52
githaginea (Lieht.) 52
Geijus Fetronia, Kaup 52
dentata (Siind.) 52
Genus Fasscr, Driss 52
domesticus (L.) 52
montanus {L.) 63
diffusus (SmitJi) 53
euchlorus (LicJii.) 54
Genus Scrinus, Koch 54
serinus {L.) 54
canaria (L.) 54
icterus ( Vieill.) 55
Genus ISycalis, Boie 55
flaveola (Z.) 55
Genus Carpodacus, Kaup 55
erythrinus (Pall.) 55
Genus Loxia, L 50
curvirostra, L 50
(jenus Pyrrliula, Briss •. . . 56
pyrrhula (L.) qQ
enropaa, Vieill 57
Subfamily Emberizinje 57
Genus Emberiza, Briss 57
schoeniclus, L 57
citrinella, L 57
hortulana, L 58
Genus Miliaria, Brehm 58
miliaria (L.) 53
(ienus rieetropLenax, 67r//< oS
nivalis {L.) 58
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family FllIXGILLID^ (continued).
Subfamily Ejibeeizin^ (continued).
Page
Grenus Cyanospiza, Barrel 59
cyanea (L.) 59
Genus Ammodromus, Sivains 59
savannarum (Gm.) 59
Genus Paroaria, Bp 59
capitata (Z>"6>r5.) 59
cucullata (Lath.) 60
larvata (iJofW.) 60
Family ALAUDID^E . 60
Genus Otocorys, Bp ." . 60
praticola, Ilensh 60
Genus Alauda, L 61
arvensis, L 61
Genus Lullula, Kaup 61
arborea (L.) 61
Genus Galerita, Boie Q'l
eristata (L.) 62
Genus Mirafra, Horsf. 62
horsfieldi, Gotdd 62
Genus Pyrrhulauda, Smith 62
leucotis (Stanl.) 62
Family MOTACILLID^ 63
Genus Motacilla, L 63
lugubris, Temm 63
melanope, PeiU 63
borealis (Sundev.) 63
Genus Aiitbus, Bechst 64
pratensis, L 64
campestris, L 64
spipoletta (L.) 64
Family MNIOTILTID^ 65
Geuus Seiurus, Swains 65
aurocapillus (L.) 65
motacilla (ViciU.) 65
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XIU
Family MNIOTILTIDyE (contim(ed).
Page
Genus Dcndrceca, Gmi/ 05
{estiva (Gm.) 05
Genus Parula, 7?/j 06
americana (L.) 00
Genus Mniotilta, V. 00
varia (L.) 00
FamUy CERTHIID^ 67
Genus Certhia, L 07
familiaris, L 07
Genus Salpornis, Graij 07
spilonota, Franll 07
Genus Sitta, L 08
csesia, Wolf 08
Genus Sittella, Swains 08
pileata, Goidd 68
chrysoptera {Lath.) 68
Genus Climacteris, Temm 69
leucopha^a (Lath.) 69
Family DiaEID^ 69
Genus Pardalotus, V. 69
affinis, Goidd 69
Family MELIPHAGID^ 69
Genus Melioruis, Grai/ 69
novce hoUandia) (Lath.) 69
longirostris {Gould) 70
sericea {Gould) 70
Genus Lichmera, Gah 70
australasiana {Shaiv) 70
Genus Glyciphila, Swains 71
fulvifrons {Lewin) 71
Genus Stigmatops, Goidd 71
subocularis {Gould) 71
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family MELIPHAGID.E (coufuu,,;!).
Page
(ienus Ptilotis, Stuains 71
tlavignla, Gould 71
ornata, Gould 72
fusca (Goidd) 72
Gonus Xanthomyza, tSivaiiis 72
plirygia (LatJi.) 72
Gcinis Acanthochi3era, V. S)- If 72
carunculata (Laih.) 73
Genus Anellobia, Cab 73
lunulata {Goxdd) 73
Genus Tropidorhynchus, V. Sf H 73
corniculatus (Latli.) 73
Genus Acanthorhj-uchus, Gould 74
superciliosus, Gould 74
Genus Myzomela, V. Sf H. 74
nigra, Gould 74
sanguinolenta {LidJi.) 74
Genus Entomyza, Swains 75
cyanotis (Lath.) 75
Genus Melithreptus, V. 75
validirostris (Goidd) 75
melanocephalus, Gould 75
Genus Myzautha, V. ^- H. 70
garrula {Lath.) 76
Genus Prosthcmadera, Grai/ 76
novae zealandise (Gm.) 76
Family PAMD^ 70
Genus Parus, L 76
major, L 76
cteruleu.s, L 77
britannicus, Sharjie tj" Dnsscr ... 77
Genus Lophophanes, Kauj) 77
cristatus (L.) 77
Genus Acredula, Koch 78
caudata (L.) 78
Genus Panurus, Koch 78
biannicus (/>.) 78
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XV
Page
Family REGULID.E 79
Genus Regulus, Cm 79
cristatus, Kocli 79
Family LANIID.E 7!t
Genus Falcunculus, V. < 9
leucogaster {Gotihl) 79
frontatus {Lath.) 79
Genus Lanius, L '^^
minor, Gm 89
excubitor, L 81
collyrio, L 81
magnirostris, Less 81
Genus Strepera, Less 82
graculina ( White) 82
arguta, Gould 82
Genus Gymnorhina, Gray 82
organicum, Gould 82
Genus Cracticus, V. 83
nigrigularis (Gould) 83
cinereus (Gotdd) 83
Genus Struthidea, Goidd 83
cinerea, Goidd 83
Genus Collyriocincla, V. 4' If. 84
rectirostris, J. (^- S 84
Genus Pinarolestes, Sharpe 84
rufiventris (Gould) 84
Genus Oreoica, Goidd 84
cristata (Lewin) 84
Genus Paehycephala, V. ^- H 85
olivacea, V. SflF 85
gutturalis (Lath.) 85
Genus Eopsaltria, Swains ^o
australis ( White) 85
griseogularis, Goidd 86
Family AMPELIDtE 8G
Genus Ampelis, Tj 80
garrulus, L 8G
XVI SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Family TURDID.E 87
Genus Sylvia, Scop 87
hortensis (BecJist.) 87
atricapilla (L.) 87
Genus Phylloseopus, Boie 87
borealis (Blasiiis) 87
trochilus (L.) 88
Grenus Acanthiza, V.<^If. 88
nana, V. Sj- H. 88
Genus Acrocephalus, Kcmm 88
australis, Gould 88
Genus Oreocichla, Gould 89
lunulata (Lath.) 89
Genus Geocichla, Gould 89
cyanonotus (J. 4' S.) 89
citrina (Lath.) 89
Genus Turdus, L 90
iliacus, L 90
musicus, L 90
viscivorus, L 91
pilaris, L. 91
migratorius, L 91
jamaicensis, Gjn 92
Genus Morula, Leach 92
merula {L.) 92
Genus Erythacus, Cuv 92
lusciuia (L.) 92
rubecula(L.) 93
calliope (Prt??.) 93
Genus Ruticilla, C. L. Brehm 94
phosnicurus (Z..) 94
Genus Copsychus, Warfl 94
saularis {L.) 94
Genus Saxicola, Bechst 94
oenanthe (Z) 94
Genus Sialia, Sivains 95
arctica {Swains. i.\- Hi chard so a) ... 95
Genus Myiadectes, Swains 95
genibarbis, Swains 95
solitarius, Baird 95
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XVU
Pago
Family MIMIDiE 9G
Genus Mimus, Bole 96
orphcus {L.) 96
hiUii, March 96
Gemis Galeoscoptes, Cah 96
caroliuensis {L.) 96
Family TROGLODYTIDJE 97
Genus Anorthura, Rennie 97
troglodytes (L.) 97
Family CINCLIDvE 97
Genus Cinclus, Bechst 97
aqnaticus {Bechst.) 97
Family ACCENTORID.E 98
Genus Accentor, Bechst 98
modularis (L.) 98
Genus Ephthianura, Gould 98
albifrons (J. 4' S.) 98
Family TIMELIID.E 99
Subfamily Liotrichix^ 99
Genus Liothrix, Strichl 99
lutea (Scop.) 99
Subfamily Cisticolin^ 99
Genus Megalurus, Hor.sf. 99
gramineus, Gould 99
Genus Sphenura, Licht 100
brachyptera, LicJit 100
Genus Stipiturus, Less 100
malacburus (Shaw) 100
Genus Sutoria, Xichols 100
sutoria (Forst.) 100
PART III.
h
xviii SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family TIMELIID^ {continued).
Pag©
Subfamily Timeliin^ lOl
Genus Origma, Gould . . 101
rubricata (La//t.) 101
Genus Orthonyx, Temm 101
spinicanda, Temm 101
Genus Grallina, V. 102
picata {Lath.) 102
Genus Cinclosoma, V. ^ II. 102
punctatum {Lath.) 102
Genus Psophodes, V. Sf H. 102
crepitans {Lath.) 102
Genus Pomatorhinus, Ilorsf. 103
superciliosus, Vig. ^' Ilorsf. .... 103
temporalis, Vig. ^ Ilorsf. 103
Genus Garrulax, Less 103
leucolophus {Ilardw.) 103
pectoralis {Goidd) 104
Genus Crateropus, Swains 104
canorus {L.) 104
Genus Cinclorhampbus, Goidd 104
cruralis, Vig. <^ Ilorsf. 104
Family PYCNONOTID^ 105
Genus Chloropsis, J. Sf S 105
aurifrons {lemm.) 105
hardwickii, Jard. (J- ScVfg 105
Genus Pycnonotus, Boie 105
aurigaster ( VieiU.) 105
barbatAis {Desf.) 106
Genus Molpastcs, Ilume 106
bengalensis {BJgth) 106
Genus yEgithina, V. 106
typliia(L.) 106
Family CAMPOPHAGID^E 107
Genus Graucalus, Cuv. 107
melanops {LatJi.) 107
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. xix
Family CAMPOPHAGID^ (continued).
Genus Graucalus (continued). pawe
parvirostris, Goxdd 107
macii, Less 108
sclateri, Salvad 108
mentalis, Vig. ^- Horsf. 108
Genus Campophaga, V. 108
raelanoschista (Hodys.) 108
Genus Lalage, Buie 109
sykesii, Stricld 109
Family MUSCICAPIDiE 109
Genus ITuscicapa, L 109
grisola, L 109
Genus Alseonax, Cah 110
latirostris (Raffl.) HO
Genus Micrceca, Gotdd 110
fascinans (Lrt/Zi.) 110
Genus Petroeca, Swains 110
leggii, Sharpe 110
phcenicea, Gould Ill
rosea, Gould Ill
hicolor (Vig. 4- Hor.<<f.) Ill
vittata (Q. cf- (?.) 112
Genus Pratincola, Koch 112
rubetra(Z.) 112
rubicola (L.) 112
Genus Smicroruis, Gould 113
brevirostris (Gould) 113
Genus Miro, Less 113
albifrons (Gm.) 113
Genus Xanthopygia, 5Z^<A 113
cyanomeliena (Temm.) 113
Genus Malurus, V. ll-t
cyaneus (/Cllls) 114
Genus Myiagra, V. 4' IL 114
concinna, Gould 114
Genus Ehipidura, V. 4' H H-l
albiscapa, Gould 114
tricolor {Vidll) 114
/. 2
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family MUSCICAriD^E {continued).
Genus Terpsiphone, Glofjer 115
paradisi {L.) 115
Family HIRUNDINID^ 115
Genus Chelidou, Boie 115
urbica (Z.) 115
Genus Hirundo {L.) 11(5
rustica, L 116
Genus Petrochclidon, Cab 116
fiuvieola (S?^f7i) 116
Subdivision B. Passeres Abnoemales.
Family MENUEID^ 116
Genus Menura, Davies 116
superba, Davies 116
Family ATRICHIID^ 117
Genus Atrichia, Gould 117
clamosa, Gould 117
Division B. Passeres Mesomyodi.
Subdivision Oligomyodji:.
Family TYRANNID.E 118
Genus Elainea, Sand 113
cotta, Gosse 118
Genus Pitangus, Swains 119
dcrbianus {Kaaj>) 119
caudilasciatus {UOrh.) 119
Genus Megarliynchus, Thanh 119
pitangua (//.) 119
Genus Blacicus, Cab 120
pallidus (Gosse) 120
barbirostris (Swains.) 120
Genus Myiarchus, Cub 120
validus, Cab 120
fctolidus {G'onsi) 121
SYRTRMATTC IXDFA'. XXI
Family TYIJANNID.E (continxed).
Page
Genus Tyrannus, Cuv. \'2]
griseiis, Vieill 121
Genus Milvulus, Swains 121
tyrannus (L.) 121
Family COTINGID^ 122
Genus Chasmorhynchus, Temm 122
nu(licollis( r/nZ^.) 122
Genus Hadrostomus, Cab 122
niger (Gm.) 122
Family PITTID.E 122
Genus Pitta, V. 122
brachyura (L.) 122
strepitans (Temm.) 123
Subdivision Tracheophon^.
Family PTEROPTOCHID^ 123
Genus Hylactes, Kinr/ 123
megapodius, Kittl 123
Family DENDROCOLAPTIDiE 123
Genus Oinclodes, Grai/ 123
nigrifumosus (D'Orh.) 123
Suborder II. EURYL^EMI 124
Genus Cymbirhynchus, Vi(j 125
macrorhyncbus (Gm.) 125
Suborder III. TBOCHILI 125
Family TROCHILID^ 127
Genus Lampornis, Sivains 127
mango (L.) 127
Genus Aithurus, Cab. 4' JI- 127
polytmus {L.) 127
Genus Eustcphauus, lie'uhenb 128
galeritus {Molina) 128
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family TROCHILID^ {continued).
Page
Genus Cceligena, Less 128
clemencia3 (Less.) 128
Genus Florisnga, B2) 128
sp. incog.
128
Genus Trochilus, L 129
sp. incog 129
colubris, L 129
Genus Bellona, Muls. ^ Verr 129
cristata (L.) 129
Suborder IV. SC'AFSORES 129
Family GALBULID^ 130
Genus Galbula, Briss 130
sp. incog 130
Family PICID^ 130
Genus Gecinus, Boie 131
viridis (X.) 131
canus (Gm.) 132
occipitalis (Vig.) 132
chlorolophus (F/ftV?.) 133
Genus Chrysophlegma, Gould 133
flavinucha (Gould) 133
Genus Melanerpes, Siuains 133
erythrocepbalus (L.) 133
carolinus (L.) 134
Genus Sphyropicus, Baird 134
varius (L.) 134
Genus Dendrocopus, Koch 134
major (L.) 134
macii (VieilJ.) 135
Genus lyngipicus, B^) 135
hardwickii, Bh/th 135
Genus Brachypternus, Strickl 135
aurantius (L.) 135
Genus Chrysocolaptes, Blyih 136
guttaticristatus (TicJcell) 136
Genus Campophilus, Gray 136
principalis (L.) 136
SYSTEMATIC JKDEX. xxiii
Family PICID.E (confltiued).
Page
Genus lynx, L i;j(j
torquilla, L 136
Family INBICATORID.E 137
Genus Indicator, V. 137
minor, Stephens 137
Family CAPITONID^ 138
Genus Cyanops, Bp 138
asiatica {Lath.) 139
hodgsoni {Bonap.') 139
Genus Xanthola^ma, Bp 139
htemacephala (Mailer) 139
Family IIHAMPHASTID.E.
Genus Ehamphastos, L 140
toco, P. L. S. Mull 140
ariel, Vig 140
carinatus, Swains 141
cuvieri, Wagl 141
erythrorhynchus, Gm 141
Genus Aulacorhamphus, Oray 142
prasinus (G^omZc^) 142
Suborder V. UPUPJS 142
Family UPUPID^ 143
Genus Upupa, Briss. . , 143
epops, L 143
Order II. C 0 L U M B .E 144
Suborder I. COLUMBJS 144
Genus Carpophaga, /SV?6^ 144
rubricera, Tristr 144
sylvatica {TicJcell) 144
Genus Megalopropia, Reichenb 144
magnifica (Temm.) 144
r SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Suborder I. COLUMBuE {continual).
Page
Genus Lopholaimus, Gray 146
antareticus {Shaw) 146
Genus Ptilopus, StricM 146
melanoeephalus {Gm.) 146
fasciatus {Peale) 146
swainsoui {Gould) 147
Genus Crocopus, Bj) 147
phoenicopterus {Lath.) 147
Genus Columba, L 147
a3nas, L 147
livia, Bonn 148
palumbus, L 148
guinea, L 149
leucocephala, L 149
caribsea, Gm 149
inornata, Vig 149
Genus Ectopistes, Swains 150
migratorius {L.) 150
Genus QCna, Stvains 150
capensis {L.) 150
Genus Geopelia, Swains 150
tranquilla, Gould 150
cuneata {Gm.) 151
humeralis {Temm.) 151
striata {L.) 151
Genus Macropygia, Sivaius 152
phasianella {Temm.) 152
Genus Turtur, Selby 152
turtur(Z:.) 152
rupicola {Pall.) 152
Genus Zenaida Bp 152
zenaida {Bp.) 152
Genus Melopelia, Bp 153
leucojitera (L.) 153
Genus Chamoepelia, Reiclienh 153
passerina {L.) 153
Genus Leptoptila, Gray 154
jamaicensis {L.) 154
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XXV
Suborder I. COLUMB^E (continued).
Pa^go
Genus Geotrjgon, Gosse l-)-!
cristata (Temvi.) 154
moijtaua (L.) 154
Genus Chalcopelia, B2> 155
afra(L.) 155
Genus Ocyphaps, Gould 155
lophotes (Temm.) 155
Genus Chalcophaps, Gould 155
iudica (L.) 155
chrysoehlora (Wai/l.) 156
Genus Phaps, Selby 156
chalcoptera (Lath.) 156
elegans (Temm.) 15/
Genus Leucosarcia, Goidd 157
picata (i«^7(.) 157
Genus Phlogoenas, Scl 157
crinigera {Puchemn) 157
Genus Caloenas, Gray 158
nicobarica (L.) 158
Genus Starnoenas, Bj) 158
cyanocephala (L.) 158
Genus Goura, StejJi 158
coronata (L.) 158
Genus Didunculus, Peale 159
strigirostris (Jard.) 159
Suborder II. DIDI 159
Genus Didus, L 159
*ineptus, L 159
Genus Pezophaps, StricM K^JO
*solitarius (Gm.) IGO
Order III. TllOGONES 161
Genus Trogou, i 162
mexicanus, Swains 162
puella, Goxdd 162
XXVI SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Orderly. COCCYGES 163
Suborder I. MUSOPHAGI 163
Genus Musophaga, Isert 164
violacea, Isert 164
Genus Turaeus, Cuv 164
persa (Z.) 164
Suborder II. CUCULl 164
Family CUCULID^ 165
Subfamily Cuculin^ 165
Genus Coccystes, Gloger 165
glandarius {L.) 165
coromaudus {L.) 166
Genus Cuculus, Briss 166
canorus, L 167
pallidus (Zrt^/i.) 167
Genus Cacomantis, S. Milll 167
flabelliformis (Lath.) 167
Genus Chalcococcyx, Cab 163
plagosus (Lath.) 168
Genus Coccyzus, V. 168
americanus (Z.) 168
Genus Eudynamis, V. 4' H. 168
C5'anocephalus (Lath.) 168
honorata (L.) 169
Genus Scythrops, Lath 169
novae hoUandias, Lath 169
Subfamily CENXEOPODiNiE 169
Genus Centropus, Illig 169
phasianus (Lath.) 169
ateralbus, Less 170
sp. incog 170
bengalensis (Gm.) 170
Subfamily Phgenicophain^ 170
Genus Saurothera, V. 170
vetula(L.) 170
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XXVU
Family CUCULID^ (continued).
Subfamily Phcexicophain.i: (continued).
Page
Genus Hyctornis, ScJ 171
pluvialis (Gm.) 171
Genus Taccocua, Less 171
eirkee {Gray) 171
Subfamily Neomorphin^ 172
Genus Geococcyx, Wagl 172
affinis, Haril 172
Subfamily CROTornAGiNiE 172
Genus Crotophaga, L 172
ani, L 172
Subclass CORACIIFORMES 173
Order I. PICARIJE 173
^nhoxAGvl. HALCYONES 173
Family COLIID^ 173
Genus Colius, Bi-iss 174
colius {L.) 174
Family ALCEDINID^ 174
Genus Alccdo, L 175
ispida, L 175
bengalensis, Gm 176
Genus Alcyone, Swains 1'6
azurea (Lath.) 170
Genus Ceryle, Bole 177
rudis (L.) 177
maxima (Pall.) 177
alcyon (L.) 177
amazona (Lath.) 178
Genus Ceyx, Lacep 178
solitaria, Temm 178
GenuB Halcyon, Sivains 178
emyrnensis (L.) 178
XXVlll SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family ALCEDINID^ (continued).
Genus Halcyon (continued). -p
msicleaji, Jard. (^' Self))/ 17*J
sauropliaga, Goidd 179
chloris (Bodd.) 179
sanctus, Vig. (J- ITorsf. 180
Genus Dacelo, Leadi 180
gigas (Bodd.) 180
Family MOMOTID^ 180
Genus Momotus, Briss 181
lessoni, Less 181
Genus Eumomota, Scl 181
superciliaris (Jard. ^' Sdhy) .... 181
Family TODID^ 182
Genus Todus, Briss 182
viridis, L 182
Suborder II. GOUACIA^ 183
Family CYPSELID^ 183
Genus Cypselus, Illvj 183
apus(Z.) 183
Genus Panyptila (Cab.) 184
melanoleuca (Baird) 184
Genus Choetura, Steph 184
caudacuta (Lath.) 184
Genus Macropteryx, Swains 184
corouata (Ticlell) 184
Family CAPEIMULGID^. 185
Genus Nyctibius, V. 185
jamaicensis (Gm.) 185
Genus Caprimulgus, Briss 186
europa?us, L 186
monticolus, Franld 186
Genus Antrostomus, Nutt 87
vociferus ( TFi?.9.) 7
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XXlX
Family CAPRIMULGIDiE {continued)
Genus Chordeiles, Siv. .
texeusis, Lawr.
Genus Nyctidromus, Gould
albicoUis {Gui.) .
Genus Eurostopodus, Gould
albigularis (Vig.)
Genus ^gothcles, Vir/. ^ Horsf.
novaj-hoUandiic (Lath.)
Page
187
187
187
187
188
188
188
188
Family PODAEGID^ 189
Genus Podargus, V. 189
strig'oides (Lath.) 189
cuvieri, Vig. ^ ILirxf. 190
plumiferus, Gould 190
Family STEATORNITHID^ 190
Genus Steatornis, Humh 191
cariepensis, Humh 191
Family CORACIID^ 192
Genus Coracias, L 192
garrulus, L 192
indicus, L 192
Genus Eurystomus, V, 192
australis, Swains 192
crassirostris, Scl 193
Family MEROPID^E 193
Genus Mcrops, L 19-1
persicus, Pall 194
philippinus, L 194
ornatus, Lalli 194
viridis, L 195
XXX SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Suborder III. BUCER0TE8 195
Family BUCEEOTID^ 195
Genus Bucorvus, Less 195
abyssinicus (Bodd.) 195
Genus Buceros, L 19G
rbinoccros, L 19G
sylvestris, V. 196
Genus Dicboceros, Gloger 197
bicoruis (i.) 197
Genus Hydrocorax, Briss 197
hj-drocorax, L 197
Genus llhinoplax, Gloger 197
\\^\\ {J . R. Forster) 197
Genus Antbracoeeros, Reichenh 198
coronatus {Bodd.) 198
convexus (r^Hny;.) 198
Genus Ceratogymna, 2?yi) 199
elata (r(?/»)».) 199
atrata (TeHiwi.) 199
Genus Pbolidophalus, Elliot 199
sharpii {Elliot) 199
Genus Ebytidoceros, Cah 200
plicatus {Forster) 200
Genus Lopboceros, H. S,- E. 200
birostris {Scop.) 200
Genus Toccus, Less 201
fasciatus {Shaw) 201
Order II. BSEUDOGUYPHI 201
Genus Lithornis, Owen 202
vulturinus, Owen 202
Genus Catbartes, III 202
papa(L.) ' .... 202
Genus Ebinogryphus, Ridjiu 203
aura(Z.) 203
califoruianus {Sluiw) 204
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XXXI
Page
Subclass FALCONIFORMES 204
Order I. A C CI P I T R E S 204
Suborder I. SERPENT ARII 204
Genus Serpentarius, Cuv 204
sccretarius (*Sfo^.i.) 204
Suborder II. AC CI PIT RES 205
Family VULTURIDiE 206
Genus Yultur, L 20(3
monachus, L 20G
Genus Gyps, Sav 206
fulvus {Om.) 206
fulvesceus, Hume 207
Genus Pseudogyps, Shm-pe 208
bengalcnsis, Gm 208
Genus Neophron, Sav 208
percnopterus (L.) 208
Family FALC02s^ID^ 209
Subfamily Polyboein^ 209
Genus Polyborus, V 209
tbarus (Mol) 209
Genus Ibycter, V 209
australis ((?m.) 209
Subfamily Accipitktn'^ 209
Genus Circus, Lacep 209
cyaneus {L.) 209
assimilis, J. d^- S 210
pygargus {L.) 210
Eeruginosus {L.) 210
Genus Astur, Lacep 211
trivirgatus (2'.) 211
badius(F.) 211
novaj-bollandia) {(Jm.) 212
torquatus {T.) 212
Genus Accipitcr, Biiss 212
nieus. L 212
XXxii SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family FALC0:N'ID^E (continued).
Page
Subfamily Btjteonin^ 213
Genus Erytlirotriorcliis, Sharpe 213
radiatus (Lath.) 213
Genus Buteo (Cuv.) 214
buteo(Z.) 214
borealis (Gm.) 214
lineatus (Gm.) 214
Genus Archibutco, Brehm 215
lagopus (G-'m.) 215
Subfamily Aquilin^e 215
Genus Gypaetus, Storr 215
barbatus (L.) 215
Genus Uroaetus, Kauji 21 G
audax (Lath.) 216
Genus Aquila, Briss 216
chrysaetus (L.) 216
heliaca, Sav 216
clanga, PaU 217
Genus iS'isaetus, Hodgs 217
fasciatus (V.) • ... 217
Genus Lophoaetus, Kaup 217
occipitalis (Baud.) 217
Genus Butastur, Hodgs 218
teesa (FranM.) 218
Genus Helotarsus, Smith 218
ecaudatus (Baud.) 218
Genus Haliaiitus, Savign 218
albicilla (L.) 218
leucocephalus (L.) 219
pelagicus (PaU.) 219
leucogaster (Gm.) 219
leucorypbus (Pall.) 220
Genus Gypobierax, Biipp) 220
angolensis (Gm.) 220
Genus Haliastur, Selbg 221
Indus (Bodd.) 221
spbenurus ( V.) 221
SYSTEMATIC IN1»KX. XXXlll
Family FALCONIDvE {conUnued).
Subfamil}- Aquilix.e (continued).
Pago
Genus Elanoides, V. 221
furcatus (L.) 221
Genus Milvus, Cuv 222
milvus(Z:.) 222
aogyptius (Gm.) 222
melanotis (2\) 222
govinda, Syl-es 222
Genus Elanus, Sav 223
cseruleus (Z>t's/.) 223
axillaris (Lath.) 223
Subfamily Falconing 223
Genus Ikza, Hodgs 223
subcristata ((7ow?(Z) 223
Genus Microhierax, Sharpe 224
cferulescens (L.) 224
Genus Falco (L.) 224
communis (Gm.) 224
babylonicus, Gum 225
melanogenys, Gould 225
feldeggii, Srhl 225
jugger, J. E. Gray 225
subbutco, L 22G
regulus, P«Z/ 226
columbarius, L 226
GenuB Hierofalco, Cuv 227
islandus (6-';».) 227
Genus Hieraeidea, StricM 227
orientalis (Schl.) 227
Genus Cerchneis, Boie 227
tinnunculus (L.) 227
cenchroides ( V. cj- If.) 228
sparvcria (L.) 223
Suborder III. PANDIONES 229
Genus Pandion, Suv 229
haliaotus {L.) 229
PART III. C
XXXIV SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Suborder IV. STBIGES 229
Family BUBONID^ 230
Genus Ketupa, Less 230
flavipes (i7o(^(/.9.) 230
Geuus Bubo, Cnv 230
bubo(L.) 230
virginianus (Crn;.) 231
bengalcnsis {Franld.) 231
coromandus (Lath.) 231
nipalensis, Hodgs 231
Genus Carine, Kavp 232
noctua {Scop.) 232
brama (T.) 232
Genus Niuox, Hodgs 232
boobook (ia^7t.) 232
varicgata {Q. <^- G.) 233
nova3-zealandia) {Gm.) 233
connivens (Laih.) 233
Genus Glaucidium, Boie 234
radiatum (Tick.) 234
cuculoides ( Vig.) 234
Genus Asio, Briss 234
otus (/..) 234
accipitrinus (Pall.) 235
grammicus (Gosse) 235
Genus Syrnium, Sav 236
aluco (L.) 236
nebulosum (Forst.) 236
Genus Nyctala, BreJnn 236
tengmalmi (Gm.) 236
acadica (Gm.) 237
Family STEIGID^ 237
Genus Strix, L 237
flammea, L 237
delicatula, Gould 238
capensis, Smith 238
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XXXV
Page
Order II. rSITTACl 238
Family PSITTACID^E 239
Genus Nestor, ]V(u,l 239
liypopoliiis, Forsf 239
notabilis, Gould 239
Genus Eos, Wuf/l 240
cardinalis {Oray) 240
coccineus {Lath.) 240
Genus Lorius, Vi</ 240
garrulus (L.) 240
chlorocercus (Gould) 24 L
Genus Trichoglossus, Vi(/. Sf Horsf. .... 241
chlorolepidotus {Kuhl) 241
multicolor (Gm.) 241
Genus Glossopsittacus, J5^; 242
auBtralis (Lath.) 242
porphj'reocephalus (Dietrich.) .... 242
Genus Calyptorhyncbus, Vi(/. ^- Ilorxf. . . . 242
banksi (Lath.) 242
funereus (Shaw) 243
naso, Govld 243
leachi (Kuld) 243
baudinii, Vig 243
xanthonotus, Gould 244
Genus Callocephalou, Less 244
galeatum (Lath.) 244
Geniis Cacatua, Vieill 244
haematuropygia (P. L. S. Mull.) . . 244
galerita (Lath.) 245
sulpburca (Gm.) 245
Icadbeateri ( Tlr/.) 245
ducorpsi (Jarq. et I'kcJi.) 240
roseicapilla (ViciH.) 240
Genus Licmetis, Wayl 2-10
teuuirostris, Wagl 240
Genus Callo[)sittacus, Less 240
novte bollandiie (Lath.) 240
Genus Nasiterna, Wacjl 247
pusio, Scl 247
c->
XXXVl SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family PSITTACID^E {conthiHed).
Page
Genus Ara, Briss 247
ararauna (L.) 247
maracana (F.) 248
Genus Conurus, KiM 248
pertinax {L.) 248
vittatus {Shaw) 248
seruginosus {L.) 249
nanus ( Vig.) 249
jendaya (Gm.) 249
Genus Brotogerys, Scl 249
virescens (Gm.) 249
Genus Chi'ysotis, Sivains 250
collaria(Z.) 250
ajstiva (Lath.) 250
amazonica (L.) 250
auripalliata (Less.) 251
agilis (L.) 251
ochrocephala (Gm.) 251
Genus Pionus, WagI 251
menstruus (L.) 251
senilis (Sjnx) 252
Genus Caica, Less 252
mclanocephala (L.) 252
Genus Psittacns, L 252
erythacus, Z 252
Genus Eclectus, War/1 253
grandis (Gm.) 253
Genus Paltcornis, Vig 253
torquatus (Bodd.) 253
fasciatus (P. L. S. 3IuU.) 254
eupatrius (L.) 254
cyanocephalus (L.) 254
Genus Polytelis, Wagl 255
barrabandi (Swains.) 255
mclanura (F;'^.) 255
Genus Aprosmictus, Gould 255
eyanopygius ( V.) 255
erythropterus (Gm.) 256
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XXXVU
Family PSITTACID.E (continued).
Pago
Geuus Pyrrhulopsis, Eeichenh 25(5
personatus (Gray) 250
spleudens, PeaU 256
Geiuis Agapornis, Selbi/ 257
puUaria (L.) 257
cana (Gm.) 257
Genus Platycercus, Vig 257
pennantii (Lath.) 257
adelaida), Gould 258
icterotis (T.) . . . 25S
eximius (Shaw) 258
flaviventris (T.) 258
zonarius (Shaiv) 25!)
Genus Psephotus, Gould 25'J
multicolor (T.) 25i)
Genus Euphema, Wagl 259
pulchella (Shaw) 251)
bourkii (Mitch.) 200
chrysostoma (Kiihl) 260
Geuus Cyaiiorhamphiis, Bj:) 200
novte-zealandise (Sj^)arrm.) .... 260
Genus Melopsittacus, Gould 261
undulatus (Shaiv) 201
Genus Lathiimns, Less 201
discolor (Shaiv) 201
Genus Pezoporus, IIVkj 202
formosus (Lath.) 202
Genus Stringops, Graij 202
habroptilus, Gmij 262
Subclass ANSERIFORMES ^^3
Order I. S T E G A N 0 P 0 D E S 203
Suborder I. PIlAETHOyTHES 203
Geuus Phaetbon, L 26-1
scthereus, L 264
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Suborder II. SUL^E 264
Gcijus ISula, Brisa 264
bassana(Z.) 264
australis, Gould 265
sp. incog 265
^nhoY^Ln-lll. I'HALACEOCORACES 266
Family PHALACEOCOEACID^ 266
Genus Phalacrocorax, Briss 266
carbo {L.) 266
urile {Gm.) 267
graculus (L.) 267
magcllanicus (&'?«.) 267
stictocephalus (-B^j.) 267
pygmaeus (Pall.) 268
sp. incog 268
Family PLOTID.Fl 268
Genus Plot us, L 208
novte-hollamliie, Gould 268
. . uuhinga, L 269
Suborder IV. PELECANI 269
Genus Pelecanus, L 269
onocrotalus, L 2G9
conspiciilatus, 2\ 270
Suborder V. FREGATI 271
Genus Fregata, ^rm 271
aquila {L.) 271
minor {Gm.) 271
Suborder VI. ODO^^TOPTEliYGES 272
(ienus Odontopteryx, Owen 272
*toliapica, Oxven 272
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. XXXIX
rage
Order II. HEIIODIUXES ^^^
Suborder 1. ARBE^ ^"^
Genus Ardca, />
purpurea, L "'
alba, L ^'J"
melanopus, Waal '
274
egretta, Gm
plumifcra (Gould) ^^'^
herodias, L
27')
Genus Demiegretta, Bh/th
,r' \ . . 275
sacra (br)i>.)
Genus Ardetta, Gray "^'^
minnta (L.)
exilis (Gm.) ■^'
flavicoUis (Lath.) 276
Genus Bubulcus, i?7) ^^^
bubuicus (.-IhcZow/h) 2/b
Genus Butorides, i?///</t ^"
277
virescens (X.)
Genus Nyctieorax, Itajia 2^7
caledouicus (i/rt^/t.) ^"
977
nsevius (5ocW.) -"
. 278
sp. incog
Genus Eotaurus, Bri^s
stellaris (i^.) "'^
lentiginosus (J/oH^) -'
979
Genus Cancbroma (L.)
cocblearia (L.) ^79
Suborder II. BALJ^NICIPITWES 279
Genus Balicniceps, Gould -'
/< 11 . • 279
rex, Gould
280
Suborder III. SCOPI
„ • . 2S0
Genus Scopus, Urtss ^^
umbrctta, Gm
xl SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
SubordtT IV. CICONII 280
Pamily CICO^IID.E 281
Genus Cicoiiia 281
ciconia {L.) 281
Genus Leptoptilus, Less 281
dubius (G-Vh) 281
crumeniferus {Ciiv.') 282
Genus Mycteria, L 282
australis {Lath.) 282
sencgalensis {Shaw) 283
Suborder V. PLATA LE^ 283
Family PLATALEID^ 284
Genus Platalea, L 284
leucorodia, L 284
regia, Gould 284
flavipes, Gould 285
Family TANTALID^ 285
Genus Tantalus, L 285
sp. incog 285
Genus Pseudotanialus, llidgiv 285
ibis(/>.) 285
Family IBIDID^ 286
Genus GeronHcus, Waijl 286
sp. incog 286
Genus Carphibis, lieichenh 286
spinicollis {James.) 286
Genus Ibis, Larep 286
strictipennis {Goidd) 286
Genus Guara, Eeiclienh 287
rubra {L.) 287
Genus Falcinellus, V. 287
falcinellus (A.) 287
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. xli
Order III. L A M E L L I R 0 S T 11 E 8 287
Suborder I. PHCENICOPTBRI 288
Fcamily PHCENICOPTERID^ 288
Genus Phoenicopterus, Brlss 288
roseus, PaJl 288
ruber, L 289
Suborder II. ANSERES.
Family ANSERANATID^ 289
Genus Auseranas, Less 289
melanoleuous {Lath.) 289
Family PLECTROPTERID^ 290
Genus Plectropterus, Steph 290
gambensis {L.) 290
Family ANATID^ 290
Subfamily CEREOPsiNiE 290
Genus Cnemioruis, Owen 290
*calcitrans, Oven 290
Genus Ccreopsis, Lath 291
nova!-hollandisD, Lath 291
Subfamily Axseein^ 291
Genus Anscr, Briss 291
segetum (Gm.) 291
cinereus, Meyer 291
sp. incog 292
domesticus 292
cygnoides (L.) 292
Genus Rcrnicla, Briss 292
sp. incog 292
antarctica (O'm.) 293
sandwichensis, Vi<j 293
Genus Cbloephaga, Ei/ton 293
magcUanica (Gm.) 293
Genus Chenalopex, Dum 294
segyptiaca (Z,.) 294
xlii SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Pamily ANATID^E {cuntinued).
Subfamily CiGNiNiE. p
Genus Cygnus, Bechsf 294
musicus, Bechst 294
olor {Gm.) 295
bewieki, Yarr 295
buccinator, Richards 296
atratus {Lath,) 296
Genus Dendrocygua, Stvains 297
eytoni (Gould) 297
fulva(&'m.) 297
javanica [Horsf.) 297
arborea {L.) 298
Genus Cairina, Flem 298
moschata (L.) 298
Genus Tadorna, Fh'7n 298
tadornoides (J. cj-^'.) 298
cornuta (S. G. Gm.) 299
Genus Anas, L 299
boscas, L 299
obscura, Gm 300
Genus Querquedula, Stej^h 300
crecca (L.) 300
falcata (Georr/i) 301
carolinensis (Gm.) 301
Genus Cbaulelasmus, Sp 301
streperus (L.) 301
Genus Dafila, StepJi 302
acuta (L.) 302
babamensis (L.) 302
Genus Mareca, Steph 302
penelope (L.) 302
americana (Gm.) 303
Genus Spatula, Boie 303
clypeata (L.) 303
rhynchotis (Lnili.) 303
Genus Malacorbynchus, Swains 304
membranaceus (Lath.) 304
Genus Aix, Boie 304
galcriculata (L.) 304
sponsa (/>.) 304
SYSTEMATIC IXDEX. xHii
Family ANATID^E (cuatlnued).
Subfauiily Cygxin/E {continued).
„ i'age
Geuus Fulix, Sund 305
cristata (Leach) 305
marila(/v.) 305
affinis (Eifton) 305
coUaris (Donov.) 306
Genus N3-roca, Flem 306
ferriiginea (Gih.) 306
australis, Gould 306
Genus JEthyia, Bole 306
ferina (L.) 306
Genus Harelda, Ste^ih 307
glacialis (L.) 307
Genus iSomateria, Zeac^ 307
mollissima (L.) 3o7
Genus Pelionetta, Kmq) 308
perspicillata (L.) 308
Genus G^demia, Flem 308
fusca (L.) 308
nigra (L.) 308
Genus Hiziura, Steph 309
lobata (Shaw) 309
Genus Tachyeres, Oiven 309
cinerea (Gm.) 309
Genus Clangula, LeacJi 310
glaucion (L.) 310
americana, Bp 310
albeola (L.) 310
Geuus Mergus, L 311
merganser, i/ 311
serrator, iy 311
albellus, L 312
Suborder III. PAL AM ED E^ 312
Family PALAMEDEID^ 312
Geuus Palamedea, L 312
cornuta, L '6\2
xliv SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Subclass GALLIFORMES 'SV6
Order I. TUEINAKES 313
Family DIOMEDEID^ 313
Geuiis Diomedea, L 313
esulans, L 313
sp. iucog , . 314
chlororhyncha, Lath. ...... 315
derogata, Sivinh 315
melanophrys, Temrn 315
fuliginosa, Gm 316
cauta, Gould 316
Family PllOCELLARIID^ 316
Genus Ossifraga, II. ^' J. 316
gigantea (Gm.) 316
Genus Majaqueus, Reiclienh 317
conspicillatus {Gould) 317
aequinoctialis {L.) 317
Genus Thalassoica, Reiclienh 317
glacialoides (Smith) 317
Genus Fulmarus, Sfe2)h 318
rodgersi, Cetss 318
glacialis (L.) 318
Genus Puffinus, Briss 318
anglorum (T.) 318
brevicaudus, Breindt 319
Genus (Estrelata, Bp 319
mollis (Gould) 319
Genus Daption, Steph 319
capcnsis (L.) 319
Genus Prion, Leuejj 320
desolatus (Gm.) 320
vittatus (Gm.) 320
Genus Thalassidroma, Vig 321
pelagica (L.) 321
Gcuus Cymochorbea, Coues 321
leucorrhoa ( F.) 321
SYSTRMATIC INDEX. xlv
Page
Ordorll. lilPEXXES 321
Genus Spheniscus, Briss 322
magellauicus, For.'^t 322
demersas (L.) 322
Genus Pygoscelis, WagJ 323
tteuiata, Peale 323
Genus Eudyptes, V. 324
clirysolophus (Brandt) 324
Genus Eudyptila, Bji 324
minor (Forst.) 324
Genus Aptenodytes, Forst 325
forsteri, Gray 325
pennanti, Gra>/ 325
Order in. GALLO-GRALL^ 326
Suborder I. GAVIJE 326
FamUy ALCID^ 326
Genus Alca, L 32G
impennis, L 326
torda, L 327
Genus Lomvia, Brandt 328
troile(L.) 328
ringvia {Lath.) 328
brucnnichii (Sahine) 328
Genus Uria, Briss 329
grylle(L.) 329
Genus Mcrgulus, V. 329
aUe (L.) 329
Genus Fratercula, Briss 330
arctica (L.) 330
corniculata (Nainn.) 330
Genus Phaleris, T. 331
psittacula (P«?7.) 331
Genus Simorhynchus, Gni 331
cristatellus, Prt?/ 331
Family STERCORARIID^ 332
Genus Stercorarius, Briss 332
catarrhactes (L.) 332
xlvi SYSTEMATIC INDRX.
Family STERCORARIIP.F. (ronfinufJ).
Genus Lcstris, lU 382
crepidatus (i?(<>;/.-.s) 332
Family LARID.E 333
Genus Larus, L 333
marinus, L 333
glaucus, Brilnn 334
argentatus, Gm 334
pacificus, LatJi 335
fuscus, L 335
crassirostris, V. 335
cainis, L 335
jamesouii, iVils 336
ridibundus, L 336
Genus llissa, Ste2jh 336
tridactyla (L.) 336
brevirostris (BrucJi) 337
Subfamily Steenin^ 337
Genus Sterna, Briss 337
fluviatilis, Naum 337
arctica, T. 338
maxima, Bodd 338
bergii, Lklit 338
caspia, Pan 338
Genus Hydrochelidon, Boie 339
nigra {L.) 339
Genus Gygis, Wagl 339
Candida {Forst.) 339
Genus Anous, Steph 339
stolidus (L.) 339
Genus Rhynchops, L 340
flavirostris, V. 340
Family CHIONIDID^ 340
Genus Chionis, Forst 340
alba, L 340
minor, Ilartl 340
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. xlvii
Page
Family THINOCORID.^ 341
Genus Thinocorus, Esrh 341
rumicivorus, Escli 341
Family GLAREOLID^ 341
Genus Glareola, Briss 341
l>ratincola (L.) 341
Family CEDICNEMID^ 342
Genus (Edicnemus, T. 342
oedicnemus {L.) 342
capensis, Licld 342
grallarius i^Latli.) 342
Suborder II. LIMICOL^ 343
Family PAERID.E 343
Genus Parra, L 343
jacana, L , 343
gallinacea, T 343
Family CHARADRIIDJE 344
Genus Pliivianus, V. 344
OBgyptius {L.) 344
Genus Charadrius, L 344
pluvialis, L 344
Genus Squatarola, Leach 345
helvetica {L.) 345
Genus Oreophilus, Gray 345
totanirostris, J. Sf 8. 345
Genus Erythrogonys, Oould 345
rufiventer (Less.) 345
Genus ./Egialitis, Boie 346
hiaticula (L.) 346
wilsonia (Orel) 346
vocifera (L.) 346
nigrifrons (T.) 346
Genus Lobivanellus, StncH 347
lobatus (Lath.) 347
pectorali.s (Tr«(/7.) 347
indicus (Bodd.) 347
xlviii SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family CHARA'DRIID^ {contiwicd).
Page
Genus Vanellus, Briss 348
vancllus (L.) 348
Genus Hoplopterus, 5^> 348
spinosus (Z/.) 348
Tcntralis (irrtryZ.) 348
Genus Strepsilas, 7/7 349
interpres (L.) 349
Genus Hsematopus, L 349
ostralegus {L.) 349
palliatus, T. 350
fuliginosus, Gould 350
Family SCOLOPACID^ 350
Genus Recurvirostra, L 350
avocetta, L 350
rubricoUis, T. 350
Genus Cladorhynchus, Gray 351
pectoralis {Duhus) 351
Genus Himantopus, Briss 351
leucocephalus, Goidd 351
himantopus, L 352
Genus Phalaropus, Briss 352
hyperboreus (L.) 352
fulicarius (L.) 352
Genus Scolopas, Briss 353
rusticola, L 353
Genus Philohela, Gray 353
minor (Gm.) 353
Genus Gallinago, Leach 354
galliuula (L.) , . . . 354
austmlis (Lath.) 354
delicata (Ord) 354
gallinago (L.) 354
megala, Sivinh 355
Genus Ehynchaea. Cuv 355
capensis {L.) 355
australis, Gould 355
SYSTEMATir IXOF.X. xlix
Family SCOLOPACID^. (continued).
Page
Genus Tringa, ^Wss 356
crassirostris, T 356
alpina, L 356
cauutus, L 356
maritima, (t>ii 357
Genus Machetes, Gi'v 357
pugnax (L.) 35/
Genus Calidris, Briss 358
arenaria (Z.) 358
Genus Tringoides, B2> 358
hypoleucus (L.) 358
Genus Totauus, Cav 359
canescens (Gm.) 359
glareola (L.) 359
calidris (Z.) 359
Genus Limosa, Briss 360
lapponica (L.) 360
iiropygialis, Gould 360
segocephala (L.) 360
Genus Numenius, Briss 361
pboeopus (L.) 361
variegatus (Scoj^.) 361
minutus, Gould 361
arcuatus (/>.) 362
Genus Ibidorhynchus, Vig 362
struthersi, Vig 362
Su1)orderIII. GBALLJE 363
Family GRUID^ 363
Genus Grus, Pall 363
cinerea, BecJisf 363
antigone (L.) 364
carunculata {Gm.) 36-1
canadensis (L.) 365
Genus Tetrai)teryx, Thvnh 365
paradisea, Licht 36o
Genus Anthropoides, V. 365
virgo (L.) 365
PART III. "
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Family GllUIDiE (continued).
Page
Genus Balearica, Briss 366
pavonina (L.) 366
elirysolepargus (LicJit.) 366
Family ARAMID^ 367
Genus Aramus, V. 367
scolopaceiis (Gm.) 367
Family IIHINOCHETID^ 367
Genus Ehinochetus, Verr. 4- Dcs Murs .... 367
jubatus, Yerr. Sf Dts Murs .... 367
Suborder IV. HEMIPODII 368
Geiuis Turnix, Bonn 368
velox {Gould) 368
maculatus, V. 368
varius {T.) 369
Genus Pedionomus, Gould 369
torquatus, Gould 369
Suborder V. PTEBOCLETES 369
Genus Syrrhaptes, III 370
paradoxus {Pall.) 370
Genus Pterocles, T 370
arenarius {Pall.) 370
lichtensteini, T. 371
Suborder VI. FULICARI^ 371
Family OTIDID^ 371
Genus Otis, Briss 371
tarda, L 371
tetrax, L 372
australis, Gray 372
Genus Eupodotis, Less 373
edwardsi (J. E. Gray) 373
sp. incog 373
Genus Sypheotides, Less 373
aurita {Lath.) 373
SYSTEMATIC IKDEX.
Pi:
FamUy UPISTHOCOMID.E \i
Genus Opisthocomus, /// 3
ci'istatus (Gm.) 3
Family CARIAMID^ 3
Genus Cariama, Bris6- 3
cristata (L.) 375
Family EALLID^E 3
Genus Porphyrio, Briss 3
melanonotus, T. 3'
pulverulentus, T. 3'
alleni, Tliomjis 3
sp. incog 3
Genus Notornis, Owen 3
*mantelli, Oiven 3'
Genus Fulica, Briss 3
atra, L .... 3
australis, Gould 3
americana, Gm 3
Genus Gallinula, Briss 3
chloropua (L.) 378
tenebrosa, Gould 3'
Genus Tribonyx, Duhas 3
raoi'tieri, Dubns 3
ventralis (Gould) 3
Genus Pareudiastes, Hartl. tjl" Fiusch .... 3
paciticus, H. 4' F. 3"
Genus Ocydromus, ]\'(igl 380
sylvestris, Scl 380
lafresnayanus ( Verr. ^j- I) s Murs) . . 380
australis (Sijarrm.) 380
Genus Aptornis, Owen 381
*otidiformis (Owen) ....... 381
Genus Gallicrex, Bli/th 381
cinerea (Gm.) 381
Genus Rallus, L 38 1
aquaticus, L 381
philippensis, L. 382
caribbacus, liidiju- 382
lii SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Faniil)- HALLIDyE {rontinaeJ).
Page
Genus Gyranocrex, Salvad ^^^
plumbeiventris (Gr(o/) 382
Genus Crex, Bechst 383
crex (L.) 383
Genus Ortygometra, Leach 383
porzaua (L.) 383
pusilla (Pall.) 383
Carolina (L.) • . . . 384
fluminea ((tohUI) 384
Tamily PSOPHIID^ 384
Genus Psophia, L 385
crepitans, L 385
Huborder yil. HESPEBORNITHES 385
Family HESPEEORNITHID.E 385
Genus Hesperornis, Jlursh 385
*regalis, Marsh 385
*crassipes, Marsh, 386
Suborder VIII. PYGOPODES 387
Family COLYMBID.E 387
Genus Colymbu.s, Brlss 387
glacialis, L 387
septentrionalis, L 388
Family PODICIPEDID^ 388
Genus Podicipes, Latli 389
griseigena (Bodd.) 389
cristatus (L.) 389
dominicus [L.) 389
Genus Podilymbus, Less 390
podiceps (L.) 390
Genus Tachybaptes, lickhenh 390
tluviatilis ('/',/ *(i-;.) 390
SYSTEMATIC INDKX. liii
Page
Suborder IX. GALLIN.E 390
Family PHASIANID.E 391
(jcnus rhasianus, L 391
colchicias, L 391
versicolor, T. 391
wallichii, Ilardw 392
scintillans, Gould 392
Genus Thaumalea, Wa^/J 392
picta (L.) 392
Genus Crossoptilum, Ilodys 393
auritum, Fall 393
Genus Lophopliorus, T. 393
impej'anus {Lath.) 393
Genus Euplocomus, T 394
pnelatus (5j->.) 394
nj-cthomerus (L.) 394
lincatus (F/ry.) 394
erythrophthalmus {RaJJl.) 394
Genus Gallus, Bnss 395
sonncrati, T. 395
domesticus 395
Genus Ceriornis, Swains 396
satyra (L.) 396
temminckii (Grai/) 397
Genus rolyplectrum, T. 397
thibetanum (Gm.) 397
Genus Argusianus, liajia 397
argus (L.) 397
Genus Pavo, L 398
cristatus, L ' 398
Family TETKAONID.E 398
Genus Tctrao, L 398
urogallns, L 398
tetrix, X 399
Genus Lagopus, Briss 399
seoticus {fMlli.) 399
inutus (.Uo)(//h.) 4U0
Iv SYt^TEMATlC INDEX.
Family TETRAOXID.E {cuHtiimed).
Page
Genus Bonasa, /Steph 400
bonasia {L.) 400
umbellus (L.) 401
Family PERDICID.F: 401
Genus Perdix, Briss 401
perdix (L.) 401
Genus Caccabis, Kaup 402
rufa (L.) 402
saxatilis (Meyer) 402
Genus Ammoperdix, Gould 402
bonbami (Gray) 402
Genus Francolinus, Steph 403
sinensis (Osb.) 403
pictus (/. cj- ,SV) 403
cdaraator (T.) 403
Genus Coturnix, Bonn 404
coturnix (L.) 404
Genus Perdicula, Hodgs 404
asiatica {Lath.) 404
Genus Excalfactoria, Bp 405
australis, Gould 405
Genus Ortyx, Steph 405
virginianus (L.) 405
Genus Eupsycbortyx, Goidd 405
cristata (L.) 405
Family NUMIDID.E 406
Genus jS^uraida, L 406
meleagris, L 406
cristata, Pall 406
Genus Meleagris, L 406
gallopavo, L 406
FamUy CllACID^ 407
Genus Crax, L 408
carunculala, T 408
alectur, L 408
SYSTEMATIC INDKX. Iv
Family CRACIDJE (continued).
Page
Genus Penelope, 3Ierr 408
superciliaris, T 408
greeyi, G^-ai/ 409
pileata, Wayl 409
marail, Gm 409
cristata (L.) 409
Genus Pipile, iJp 410
cumanensis (J«C(7.) 410
Genus Mitua, Less 410
tuberosa (Spiv) 410
Genus Pauxi, T 410
galeata (Lath.) 410
Genus Ortalis, Merr 411
motmot (L.) 411
Genus Oreophasis, Graj/ 411
derbianus, Gray ' . 411
Family MEGAPODIID^ 412
Genus Talegallus, Z^.^.s- 412
lathami (Graij) 412
Genus Megacepbalum, Grcaj 412
maleo, MiilJ 413
Genus Lipoa, Gould 413
ocellata, Goidd 413
Genus Megapodius, Q. S,- G 413
tumulas, Gould 413
Suborder X. CRYPTURI 414
Genus Rhynchotus, Spix 414
rufcscens (T.) 414
Genus Tinamus, Lath 415
solitarius ( F.) 415
Ivi SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Subclass STRUTHIONIFORMES 410
Order I. APTEllYGES 416
Genus Apteryx, Shaiv 410
australis, Shatu 410
oweni, GoulrJ 410
sp. incog 41 7
Order II. RATITJE 417
Suborder I. EHE^ 417
Genus Rhea, Briss 418
americana, LatJt 418
darwini, Govld 419
Suborder II. STRUT HIOXES 419
Genus Struthio, Bi^iss 420
camelus, L 420
Suborder III. J^PT011NITH1F0R}JES 423
Family ^PYORNITHIDJ^. 423
Genus ^pyornis, Ls. Geoffr 423
*maximus, Is. Geoffr 423
Suborder IV. DINORNITHES 423
Family DINORXITHID^ 423
Genus Dinornis, Ou'en 423
*nov8e-zealandiae, Given 424
*maximus, Owen 425
*sp. incog 426
*struthioides, Owen 427
Genus Megalapteryx, Haast 428
*hectori, Haast 428
Genus Anomalopteryx, Beichcnh 428
*casuarina {Oiuen) 428
*droma3oides {Owen) 430
*didiformis {Oiven) 432
*curta {Owen) 433
*geranoides {Ovjen) 434
SYSTEMATIC INDEX. Ivii
Family DINOllNITHID^ {continued).
Page
Genus Emeus, Reiclienh 434:
*Qva.y\\)(i?,, Lydelclcer 434
*crassus {Oiven) 435
Genus Pachyornis, Lydehlcer 436
*elephantopus {Owen) 436
*sp, incog 436
Suborder Y. CASUABII 437
Family CASUARIID^ 437
Genus Dromasus, V. 437
novse-hollandiac {Lath.) .>. . . . . 437
Genus Casuarius, Briss. . . .'.'«. . . . 438
bennetti, GouM 438
galeatus, V. 439
australis, Wall 439
Family DROMOENITHID^ 440
Genus Dromornis, Oiuen 440
*au3tralis, Owen 440
PART HI.
EXPLANATION OF THE ABBREVIATIONS.
O. C. Old Catalogue.
S. S. Separate Series.
F. C. CataloKue of Fossils.
OSTEOLOGICAL C ATA LOCI U K.
PART III.
Class AVES.
The system of Classification followed in the present work is
mainly that proposed l)y Mr. Henry Seeboh'.n in his ' Classi-
fication of Birds,' and further elaborated in his ' Birds of the
Japanese Empire ' *. There are some points in this system
which I have slightly modified ; but they are of minor ini-
j)ortance when compared with the fact that every group of
])irds, as diagnosed by Mr. Seebohm, possesses a combination of
definite features, which are characteristic of the group, and of
that group alone, be it Order or Suborder.
Subclass PASSEBIFOBMES.
A. Young batched in a helpless condition, and requiring to be
fed in the nest for many days, Imt not pissing through a
complete downy stage. {Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 1.)
[N.B. — The late Professor Sundevall raade the condition of the
young at birth a primary character for his division of the Class
" Aves." His two great " Agmiiia'' were GiimnofKP.dea and Dupii/-
pa;des (Av. Teut. pp. 1, 102, 1 58). The naked condition of the
young at birth is thus described bj' him : — "A tuft of down, the
forerunner of the actual feather, is attached to the tip of the
* Seebohm, H. Classification of Birds ; an attempt to Diagnose tlie Sub-
classes, Orders, Suborders, and some of the Families of existing Birds. 8vo.
London : 188'J. Pp. i-xii, 1-52.
PART III. I-
2 TASSERIFORMEH.
feather about to be developed ; it is of a fragile and light nature,
not easily observed, and does not hide the skin. The chicks
themselves are helpless, cannot walk, and, until they are full-grown
and have acquired the faculty of flight, they are brought up by
the parent birds in a nest, constructed with some skill by the
latter, and have the food placed in their mouths by the parent
birds." {Of. Nicholson's translation, p. 43, 1889.)]
It may here be noted that the subject has never been fully
worked out, for the nestling of the Shore-Lark (Otocori/s alpestris),
when hatched, is hidden by yellow down ; but this is arranged
in tufts, and on examination is very different from the close-set
down of a nestling Hawk or Owl, where it entirely covers the body.
Another Passerine bird which shows downy tufts adhering to the
apes of the true plume is Ptihcliloris hucllcyi, from Ecuador (cf.
Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 158, pi. xvi. ; Scl. Cat. B. Brit. Mus.
xiv. p. 318, 1888).
Probably all the genera of Passeriformes pass through a more or
less downy stage ; but I think that the character of the downy
plumage will be found in every ease to be different in complexion
and development from the downy young of the Dasijpcedes, though
Meiiura appears to he an exception, and 1 have recently separated
it from the other Passeres.
B. A spinal feather-tract on a considerable part of the neck,
well defined hy lateral bare tracts and not split by a S])inal
bare tract.
Fm. 1.
lit
te
fill
WMm
Doisril view of Turdua vmdcus, to show the pterylosis of a typical Passe-
rine Bird. (From a specimen in the Index Series in the Natural
Ilistorv Museum, by permission of Professor Flower, C.B., F.B.8.)
PICO-PASSERES. 6
C. A hind toe is always present (generally the jirst digit, but
occasionally, in a few Scansores which have lost the hallux,
the fourth digit) and is connected with the /le.vor longus hal-
lucis (cf. figure of foot of Rook, infra, p. 5).
D. Cervical vertebrae, including the cervico-dorsal ones, no
exceeding fifteen in number.
The Subclass Passeriformes may be subdivided into four
Orders, viz.: — I. Pico-Passerbs. II. Columb^. III. Tro-
GONES. IV. Coccyges.
Order PICO-PASSERES.
{Cf. Seebohm, t. c. p. 2.)
A. Young hatched in a helpless condition and naked, not passing
through a complete downy stage before acquiring feathers.
B. Flexor longus hallucis leading to one or both (if two) hind
toes (which is generally the hallux only, but is sometimes
the fourth digit only, sometimes the first and fourth, and
occasionally the first and second). {Vide fig. 3.)
C. Ambiens and accessory femoro-caudal muscles absent.
The Order Pico-Passeres may be divided into four Sub»
orders :— I. Passeres. IL Euryl^mi. III. Tkochim.
lY. Scansores.
Suborder 1. PASSERES*,
{Cf. Seebohm, t. c. p. 3.)
A. Palate ijcgithognaihons f.
* Cf. Dr. Shufeldt's " Contributions to the Comparative Ostfolo<ry of the
Families of Nortli-Americau Passeres," Journ. Moipli. iii. pp. 81-11:^,
pis. v., vi.
t Cf. Huxley, T. Z. S. 18(17, p. 451 ; Parker, Trans. Z. 8. ix. pp. 28!) -;3.',2,
pis. liv.-lxii. (1873 j, x. pp. 251 -3] 4, pis. xlvi.-liv. (187(i) ; Oates, Faun. Brit.
Tnd., Birds, i. p. 4 {188'J).
u2
riCO-PASSERKS.
FJz.
:,pl.j
- P/
//lom't/nv
Ventral surface of skull of liook {Trypanocora.v fruf/iler/ux), to show tlie
segithog-natlious palate and bony siplionium. v., vomer; mpl.p.,
maxillo-palatine process; ;;/., palatine ; jt?r/., pterygoid; j'., quadrate;
bs., basi-spbeuoid ; s.r., splienoidal rostrum. (From a specimen
in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons.)
B. Deep plantar tendons not connected together by a vinculum.
C. Oil-gland present, but nude.
D. Spinal feather-tract well detined on the neck, and not forked
on the upper back.
E. Hallux always present and connected with the flexor longus
hallucis, and not with the fle.vor perforans digitorum. {Vide
ho-. 3.)
PASSERES.
Fio. 3.
Fi.r. 4.
Fis
Fi"
3. — Foot of Rook {Trypanocorax frugilegus), dissected so as to show the
arrangement of the deep plantar tendons. f.l.h., flexor longus
hallucis ; f.p.d., flexor perforans digitorum. (From a specimen in the
Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons.)
4. — Plantar surface of foot of Rook, to show the proportions of the toes
in the family Corvidse. (From a specimen in the Museum of the
Royal College of Surgeons.)
Division A. PASSERES ACROMYODI, or OSCINES.
The intrinsic muscles of the voice-organ fixed to the end of
the bronchial scnii-rinos (cf. (rarrod. P. Z. S. 1877, p. 517).
PICO-PA!SSERES.
Fijr. (!
st-i
in.ti
Syrinx of Rook (T.fruyilet/tis), to show the aiTangement and Acroniyodian
attachments of the intriusic muscles. — Fig. o. Lateral view of syrinx.
Fig. G. Dorsal surface of syrinx, st, muscle running from trachea to
costal process of sternum ; II, III, second and third bronchial semi-
rings, tlie first concealed by muscles ; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, G, syringeal muscles ;
m.t.i, the membrana tympaniforrais interna.
Subdivision A. PASSEHES NOllMALES.
Family CORVID^. *.
A. Outer and inner toes subeqiial in length. Fig. 4 (vide p. 5).
B. No bony nasal septum, but a corresponding deficiency in the
palate.
C. Palatines obtusely quadrate near their posterior extremity.
(Fig. 2.)
Fig. 7.
Lateral view of cranium of Rook ( T. /ni(/i7ff/tis). (From a specimen in
the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons.) io.f., interorbital
fenestra ; f.~P; frontal zygomatic process ; s.z.p., squamosal zygomatic
process.
* Cf. W. K. Parker, " On the Structure and Development of the Crow's
Skull," M. Micr. .lourn. viii. pp. 217--22G, pis 34-.3G (1872); also Dr.
Shiifeldt's ' Myology of tlie Raven,' 8vo. 18W.
CORVID^. 7
D. In the interorbital septum is a large fenestra situated iniine-
diatelj in front of the optic foranuMi, and rather more than
twice the diameter of the hitter.
E. Zygomatic process of frontal and stiuamosal well-marked
and nearly equal.
" All the Corvidcv possess the s/jthoninni, one upon eitlu^r side
the skull, it being a curved osseous tube, describ(Ml Ijy Nitzsch,
which conducts the air from the tympanic cavity to the lower
jaw." {Slwfeldt.)
Genus TRYPANOCORAX.
Suudevall, Av. Meth. Tent. p. 43 (1872).
Trypanocorax frugilegus.
CorvKs frugilegm, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 150 (L76G) ; Eytou,
Ostcol. Av. p. 147 (1867).
Trypanocorax friMiilegus, Sharpe, Cat. 13. Brit. Mas. iii. p. 0 ( 1877).
The Common Eook.
Hah. Europe, wintering in N.W. India.
1. Skeleton. 0. C. 1553 a. Yarrell Collection.
2. Skeleton. 0. C. 1553 d.
Presented by Professor Flower, C.B., F.R.S.
3. Skeleton of male. From Uxbridge.
Presented hy Mr. T. DevoHsliire.
4. Skeleton of female. From Uxbridge.
Presented hy Mr. T. DevonsJtire.
5. Sternum (with furcula, right coracoid, and scapida).
S. S. 830. Purchased.
6. Skull. O.C. 1553 F. Presented hy IT. J. Bon,, or, Ks,j.
7. Skull. From Southend. 0. C. 1553 E.
Presented hy Mr. J. Marie.
8. Skull, with malformed mandibles. 0. C. 1553 C (Figured
in Yarrell's ' British Birds,' ii. p. 90.)
9. Skull, 0. C. 1553. Ilni,t,-rin„.
10. Skid! of nuile. From GeniKiiiy. P,ir(l,<is,d.
11. Skull ol' I'riiialc. F'-oni ( JennauN . Piirc/iascd.
b PICO-PASSERES.
Trypanocorax frugilegus.
12. Skull with lower jaw attached. The boiij' siphonium, which
conducts the air from the tympanic cavity to the articular
bone, is indicated on the left side by black paper. The
ligaments are painted blue. Preseiited Inj Lord Lilford.
13. Skull. Hed bristles have been passed through the siphonia
into the tympanic cavities. The right membrana tym-
pani has been removed. A red bristle has been passed
into the opening in the left articular, through which air
enters the lower jaw. Presented by Lord Lilford.
14. Skull. The bony siphonia have been left attached to the
articular bones. Presented hy Dr. D. Sliarp, F.R.S.
15. Hyoid. The entoglossal is represented by a paired bone.
Presented by Br. D. Sharp, F.R.S.
16. Sternum and shoulder-girdle.
Presented by Dr. D. Sharp, F.R.S.
17. Pelvis with adjacent vertebrae.
Presented by Dr. D. Sharp, F.R.S.
Genus CORVUS*.
Liiinieus, Syst. Nat. ed. 12, i. p. 15-5 (1766).
Corvus corax.
Liiiiiieiis, loc. cit. ; Eyton, Ostcol. Av. p. 14-5 ; Sharpe, Cat. B.
Erit. Mu8. iii. p. 14 (1877).
The Common E/Aven.
Hab. Europe and Northern and Central Asia, .North America,
as far south as Mexico. The Raven of the Old and New Worlds
is practically the same bird, but varies considerably in size in
various localities. On the variation in the size of skulls in
Eavens from Alaska and New Mexico, with figures, cf. Shufeldt,
Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1887, p. 38G.
* The slieleton of Vvrvus sccqiuhitus is tiii-uifd in Meyer's ' Abbildtmyen
von A'ogel-Skeletten,' ])1. Oli. Tlie ,-kull of C. sinmttus is figured by Shufeldt
(Proc. V. S. Nat. Mus. 18S7. p. .386).
q
C'ORVin/E. '^
18. Cranium. 0. C. 1546. JIunlerian.
19. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
20. Cranium, longitudinally bisected, with horny .heath of
mandible attached. 0. C. 1547. Purchased,
21. Sternum (with furcula. right coracoid, and scapula)
Q 5^ 09 Y Purchased.
22. Bones (various). U. Kj. 104/ a.
Corvus coronoides.
Corviis coronoides, Vigors & Horsfleld,Trans^Lina. Soc. xv.p. 261 ;
Sliarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 20 (1877).
The Wuite-eyed Australian Raven.
Hah. The whole of Australia, excepting the western portion
{cf. Ramsay, Tab. liist Austr. B. p. 12, 1888).
23. Skeleton. From Tasmania. 0. C. 1547 a.
Gould Collection.
24 Sternum (with furcula, left coracoid, and scapula). From
Tasmania. ^ordd Collection.
Genus COL-ffiUS.
Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. p. 114 (1829).
Colseus monedula.
Corvus monedula, Linnceus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 156(1766); Eylon,
Osteol. Av. p. 147. ... ,,. , , o - ^- ,
Calais monedula (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. m. p. 20 (lb. /).
The Common Jackdaw.
Ilah. Europe and Northern Africa.
25. Skeleton. Presented hy Mr. W. Sibleij.
26. Skull. 0. C. 1553 G. Presented hy W. J. Bovnor, Esq.
27. Skull (bisected). 0. C. 1554.
Presented hy J. U • Steicart, Ls<j.
10 PICO-PASSERES.
Colaeus monedula.
28. Sternum (with furcula, right coracoid, and scapula).
S. S. 831. Purchased.
Genus CORONE.
Kaup, Xatiirl. Syst. p. 99 (1829).
Corone cornix.
Corvus cornix, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. loG (176G).
Corone cornix (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 31 (1877).
The Hooded or Royston Crow.
Hah. Europe.
29. Natural skeleton : mounted (ribs and right wing defective).
0. C. 1550. South Collection.
30. Skull. O.C. 1550 a. From Egypt.
Presented by Prof. Flower, C.B., F.R.S.
31. Skull (mandible deformed). 0. C. 1552. Purchased.
32. Skull of male. From Germany. Purchased.
33. Skull of female. From Bonn. Purchased.
34. Sternum (with furcula, left coracoid, and scapula) .
S. S. 829. Purchased.
35. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. O.C. 1552a. Purchased.
Corone corone.
Corvus corone, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat, i. p. 36 (1766).
Corone corone (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 36 (1877).
The Caurion-Crow.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia, locally distributed, wintering
in N.W. India and China.
36. Articulated skeleton: mounted (toes defective). 0. C. 1548.
South Collection.
COKVin.E.
11
37. Articulated skeleton: munntc'd (vi<;lit lialhix wantino). 0. C.
15-48 A. Yarrell Collection.
38. Sternum (with furcuki, right coriicoid, and scapula). S. S.
g2g Purchased.
39. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
40. Skull of mule. From South Germany. Purchased.
41. Skull. 0. C. 15-49. Purchased.
Corone australis.
Coitus australis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 475 (1865).
Corone austmlis (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. ^37
(1877).
The Brown-eyed Australian Crow.
JIah. The whole of Australia and Tasmania.
42. Skeleton. From Tasmania. 0. C. 1547 b. Gould Collection.
43. Sternum of female. From Tasmania. Gould Collection.
Corone tenuirostris.
Corvus tenuirostris, Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E. I. Co. ii. p. 558 (1856).
The Malayan Slender-billed Crow.
Hah. Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo.
44. Skeleton . 0 . C. 1 548 c. Presented by Sir Stamford Baffles.
45. Skeleton. 0. C. 1548d. Presented by Sir Stamford Raffles.
Geuus MICROCORAX.
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 48 (1877).
Microcorax jamaicensis.
Corvus jama icensis, Gmelin, 8. N. i. p. 367 (1788).
Microcorax Jamaicensis (Gin.), Sharpe, loc. cit.
The Jamaican Crow.
Ilab. Jamaica.
46. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented by the Smithsonian Imtitution.
12
PICO-PASSERES.
Genus NUCIFRAGA.
Briss. Orn. ii. p. 58 (1760).
A. No fenestra in intororbital septum, but an irregular deficiency
in the ossification of the cranium above the optic foramen.
B. Squamosal zygoma very long and broad at its origin, so that
it forms a considerable portion of the orbital margin.
C. Palatines with their posterior extremity prolonged backwards
as a broad process (see fig. 9).
D. Flexure of lower jaw opposite the naso-frontal suture.
Fis
Fiff. 8.
'/ cf jfzp J/j&,
Fig. 8. — Lateral view of skull of Nucifraga caryocatactes. so./., supraorbital
fenestra ; o.f., optic foramen ; f.z.j)., frontal zygomatic process ; s.z.ji.,
squamosal zygomatic process.
Fig. 9. — Ventral view of palate, to show the vomer and posterior extremities
of palatine bones.
(From a specimen in the Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons.)
Nucifraga caryocatactes.
Corvus caryocatactes, Liunajus, S. N. i. p. 157 (1766).
Nucifraga caryocatactes, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 53
(1877) ; Eyton, Osteol. Av. p. 148.
The Nutcracker.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
47. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1555 e.
Presented hy C. G. Danford, Esq.
48. Skull of male. From Germany.
49. Skull of female. From Germany.
Purchased.
Purchased.
CORVID.E. 13
Genus PICA.
Brissou, Orn. ii. p. 35 (1760).
Pica pica.
Corvus pica, Linnecus, S. N. i. p. 157 (1700).
Pica caudata, Keys. u. Bias. Wirb. Eur. p. 45 (1840) ; Eyton,
Osteol. Av. p. 147.
Pica rusiica (Scop.), Dresser, B. Eur. vol. iv. p. 509, pi. 200 (1873).
Pica pica (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 62 (1877) *.
The Common Magpie.
Hab. The whole of Eurofje and Xorthern Asia and North
America.
50. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1554 c a.
From the Zoological Gardens, 1885.
51. Skull. 0. C. 1554 C. Received in e.vchange.
52. Sternum (with furcula, right coracoid, and scapula).
S. S. 832. Purchased.
Genus DENDROCITTA.
Gould, P. Z. :S. 1833, p. 565.
Dendrocitta rufa.
Lanitis ntfus, Scopoli, Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. ii. p. 0 (1786).
Dendrocitta rufa (Scop.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 76
(1877) ; Gates, Eaun. Br. Ind., Birds, i. p. 31 (1889).
The Indian Tree-Pie.
Ilah. Indian Peninsula and Burma.
53. Sternum of female, ^vith shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1934.
From the Zoological Society.
* The skeleton of the American Magpie {Pica hudsonica) is described by
Dr. Shufcldt (.Journ. Anat. Thv.*. xxii pp. ?jO^~?,r>0, p]. xv. figs. 6, 8, 9,
lU)
14 PICO-PASSERRS.
Dendrocitta himalayensis.
Dendrocitta himalai/ensis, Blyth, Ibis, 1865, p. 4o ; Sharpe, Cat.
B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 79 (1877) ; Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds,
i. p. 32 (1889).
The Himalayan Tree-Pie.
ITah. Himalaya Mountains.
54. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal (s. n. Crj/pai-
7'Jnna sinensis, Hodgs.).
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus CISSA.
Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 975, note.
Cissa chinensis *,
Coracias chinensis, Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl. Daubent. p. 38 (1783).
Cissa sinensis (Bodd.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p 85 (1877) ;
Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 28 (1889).
The Green Magpie.
Hub. Eastern Himalayas to Burma.
55. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented by B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus GARRULUS.
Briss. Grn. ii. p. 46 (1760).
Garrulus glandarius.
Corvus glandarius, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 156 (1766).
Garrulus glandarius(L.) ; Sharpe, Cat.B. Brit.Mus.iii. p. 93(1877).
The Common Jay.
Hab. Em-ope.
56. Skeleton. From Riding Mill, Northumberland. 0. 0.
1554 E. Presented by the Rev. H. H. Slater.
57. Skull. From Damsdorf, Silesia. Purchased.
58. Skull. 0. C. 1554 p. Received in exchange.
69. Skull. 0. C. 1555. Hunterian.
60. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (wanting right scapula).
S. S. 1249. Purchased.
* A skeleton of Ci.im fhalassina is figured in Meyer's ' Abbildungeii,
pi. Ixxxi. fig. 1.
COKVIP^. 15
Garrulus bispecularis.
Garruhis hisjiecrtlaris, Yigovs, P. Z. H. 1830, p. 7; Sharpc, Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. iii. p. 100 (1877) ; Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i.
p. 39 (1889).
The Himalayan Jay.
Hab. Himalaya Mountains.
61. Sternum, with sboulder-oirdle. From Nepal.
Presented />>/ B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
62. Pelvis. From above specimen.
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esi],
Genus CYANOCITTA.
Strickland, Ann. & Mag. N. H. xv. p. 261 (1845).
Cyanocitta cristata.
Corvus cristatus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 157 (1706).
Cyaiwcitta cristata (L.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 107
■(1877).
The Blue Jay.
Hab. Nearly the whole of North America. {Cf. A. 0. U.
Cheek-list, p. 2-41.)
63. Skeleton of male. From the Zoological Society.
Genus GRACULUS.
Koch, Syst. baicr. Zool. p. 91 (1816).
Graculus graculus.
Corviis gracnhis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 158 (1760),
Fregiltis graculus, Cuv. llegne Anim, i. p. 406 (1817).
Graculus gracidus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 146 (1877).
The Eed-billed Chough.
Hab. Europe and Northern Asia.
64. Skull. 0. C. 1551. Presented by Dr. Leach.
65. Sternum, with t-houlder-fjirdle. S. S. 1825. Stores.
1() PICO-PASSERES.
Genus CORCORAX.
Lesson, Trnite, p. 325 (1S31).
Corcorax melanorhamphus.
Coracias melanorhamphus, Vieillot, Xouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat, viii.
p. 2 (1817).
Corcorax leucopterus (Temm.), Gray, List Gen. B. 1841, p. 52.
Corcorax melanorharnphus (V.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, iii.
p. 149 (1877).
The White-winged Chough.
Hah. Australia, from Southern Queensland to New South
Wales and South Australia.
66. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wantino- left coracoid
and scapula). New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
S. S. 1352. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Family PARADISEID^ *.
A. Outer toe longer than inner. {Vide p. 17, fig. 12.)
B. luterorbital septum almost entirely occupied by large fenestra,
with a large deficiency in cranial wall immediately behind,
and not separated from the former by a bony bar.
C. Flexure of mandible immediately below nasal aperture.
D. Frontal and squamosal zygomata nearly equal.
E. Palatines with the posterior extremity prolonged as in
Nacifraga.
Fig. IL Fig. 10.
Il''''^^\..y iof sof f:p
Fig. 10. — Lateral view of skull of Farndisea minor. — io.f., inteiorljital
fenestra ; so./., supraorbital fenestra ; f.z.p., frontal zygomatic process ;
s.z.p., squamosal zygomatic process. (From a specimen in the Museum
of the Ivoyal College of Surgeons.)
Fig. 11. — Ventral view of palate, to show the vomer and the posterior extre-
mities of the palatine bones.
* Skeletons of several genera of Paradiseidse are figured in Meyer's ' Ab-
bildungen der Vogel-Skeletten.' Manueodia (pis. vii., vii. a), Uranorym (pi.
Ixxvii.), Schle<icliu (pi. Ixxviii.), Okmnurus (pi. v.).
PARADISEID.r,,
FiiT. 12.
17
Plantar surface of foot of Paradisea apoda, to show the proportions of the
toes. (From a specimen in the Natural-History Museum, by per-
mission of Dr. Giinther, F.R.S.)
Subfamily E p i m a c h i n ^.
Genus PTILORHIS.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. i. p. 481 (1825)
Ptilorhis paradisea.
Ptihrhis 2^aradisea, Swainson, loc. cit.; Sharpe, Cat. B. iii. p. ]o4
(1S77).
The Common PwIFLe-bird.
Hab. Australia : Wide-Bay district to New South Wales.
67a. Natural skeleton of female*. From Lismore, N.S.W.
Purchased from Mr. A. P. Goodicin.
67. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Clarence River,
N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1050.
Presented bij P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* Professor Stewart has carefully dissected the head of this specimen and
finds the siphonium well ossified.
PART III. <^
18 PICO-PASSERES.
Subfamily P a r a d i s e i n ^ .
Genus PARADISEA.
Linnfeus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 166 (1766).
Paradisea minor.
Paradisea minor, Shaw, Gen. Zool. vii. p. 486 (1809) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. iii. p. 168 (1877); Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skel. pi. vi.
The Lesser Bird oe Paradise.
Hah. New Guinea.
68. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1541 A. Prepared
from a specimen which died in the Gardens of the Zoolo-
gical Society.
Family PTILONORHYNCHID^.
Genus PTILONORHYNCHUS.
Kuhl, Beitr. zur Zoologie, p. 150 (1820).
Ptilonorhynchus holosericeus.
Ptilo7ior7v/nchiis holosericeus, Kuhl, he. cit. • Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus. vi. p. 381 (1881).
The Satin Bower-bird.
Hab. Australia.
69. 69 A. Natural skeleton of male. From Lismore, New South
Wales. Purchased from Mr. A. P. Goodwin.
70. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
71. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of female, wanting left coracoid
and scapula. Clarence River, N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay).
S. S. 029. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
PTILOXORHYNX'HID.t;.
19
Gemis -ffiLURCEDUS.
Cahnnis, Mus. Hein. Tli. i. p. l'13, note (1850).
.ffiluroedus viridis.
Gracula viridis, Latham, Iiid. Orii. Sup))l. ii. p. xxviii (1801).
jElurcedus viridis, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 385 (1881).
The Australian Cat-bird.
Ilah. Australia.
72. Sternum, with shonlJer-girdlo. Richmond E-iver, N. S. W.
Presented Inj Dr. E. P. Ramsa)/.
Genus CHLAMYDODERA.
Gould, B. Austr., text to pt. i. pi. 3 (1837).
A. Flexure of mandible beneath the middle of the nasal
aperture.
B. Large deficiency in interorbital septum, us well as in the cranial
wall, the two being separated Ijy a l)ony bar, the upper fora-
men extending as far forwards as the interorbital deficiency.
C. Palatines with the posterior extremity prolonged.
D. A slight backward ])rolongation of angular.
Fig. 13.
{".f sof f.z.p s.:.p.
Lateral view of skull of Chlamydodvra (jxittata. — io.f., interorbital fenestra ;
so.f., supraorbital fenestra ; f.'^-p-, frontal z\'gomalif process ; «.:.;>.,
squamosal zygomatic process.
Chlamydodera guttata.
Clilamijdera r/udala, Gould, B. Z. S. lsf;2, p. 102.
Chlami/dodera guttata, 8harpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 390(1881).
The Large Spotted Bower-bird.
Hah. Interior Province and N.W. Australia.
73. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. (". 151Ua. Oould Collection.
g2
20 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus SERICULUS.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. i. p. 478 (1825).
Sericulus melinus.
Tardus melinus, Lath. Ind. Orn. Suppl. ii. p. xliv (1801).
Sericulus melinus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 395 (1881).
The Eegent-bird.
Hah. Australia.
74. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Clarence River,
N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1078.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Family STURNIDiE.
A. Flexure of mandible below the naso-frontal suture.
Cranial deficiency very large, and extending as far
forward as the somewhat narrow interorbital fenestra.
B. Frontal and squamosal zygomatic processes only slightly
developed.
C. Palatines with the posterior extremity slightly prolonged.
D. A marked backward prolongation of angular.
Genus STURNUS*.
Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 291 (1766).
Fig-. 14.
I'of sof f.:p s.zp
Lateral view of skull of Sturnus vulgaris. — io.f., interorbital fenestra ;
so.f., supraorbital fenestra; /.-.p., frontal zygomatic process; s.z.p.,
squamosal zygomatic process; a, backward prolongation of mandible.
* " That part of the Passerine palatine which is arrested from forming a
bony palatal floor generally exists as a free fore-looking spine. This is well
seen in the Sparrow ; it is the interpalatine process. ... In Ducks and Swans
this is a separate knuckle of bone ; and in looking over a large number of
Starling skulls, I find it in certain of them." {Parker, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2)
Zool. V. pt. 1, pi. .XX. fig. 12.) An examination of a skull of aS*. vulgaris
which Professor Stewart has recently made proves that Stnrnus also pos-
sesses the bony siphoninm.
STURNID^. 21
Sturnus vulgaris.
Sttirmis vidf/ans, Linnfeus, loc. cif. ; Eyton, Osteol. Av, p. 135
Parker, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) Zool. v. p. 109, pi. xx. fig. 12;
Sharpe, Cat. E. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 20 (1890).
The Common Starling.
Hah. Europe, wintering as far east as the Persian Gulf.
75. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1538. Purchased.
76. Skeleton of female. Presented by 2fr. W. Sibley.
77. Skeleton. 0. C. 1537 a. Tarrell Collection.
78. Skeleton of female. From Riding Mill, Northumberland.
0. C. 1539 B. Presented by the Rev. H. II. Slater.
79. Skeleton of male. From Dorsetshire.
Presented by R. Boicdler Sharpe, Esq.
80. Natural skeleton : mounted (toes defective). 0. C. 1537.
South Collection.
81. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
82. Skull of male. From Dorsetshire.
Presented by R. Bowdler Sharpe, Esq.
83. Skull. 0. C. 1539. Presented by Dr. Leach.
84. Skull. 0. C. 1539 a. Received in exchange.
86. Skull. 0. C. 1539 c. Presented hy W. J. Bonnor, Esq.
86. Cranium. 0. C. 1510. Purchased.
87. Skull. Old Coll.
88. Hyoidean arch.
89. Sternum of male (No. 82).
22 riCO-PASSEKEs<.
Sturnus menzbieri.
Sturmis vulgaris, auct, ex IikL Orient.
Sturnus menzbieri, Sharpe, Ibis, ] 887, p. 438 ; id. Cat. B. Erit. Mus.
xiii.p. 33,pl. i. (1890); Oates,Faun. B.In(i.,Birds,i.p.522(1889).
The Indian Starling.
Ilab. Siberia, wintering' in the Indian Peninsula.
90. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1874.
Presented hy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus PASTOR.
Temminck, Man. d'Orn. i. p. 83 (1815).
Pastor roseus.
Tiirdus roseus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 294 (17G6).
Stiinms roseus (L.), Scopoli, Ann. i. p. 130 (1709).
Pastor roseus (L.), Sharps, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 63 (1890);
Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 518 (1889).
The Rose-coloured Starling.
Hal). South-eastern Europe to Central Asia, wintering in India.
91. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy JJr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
92. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2041.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus STURNOPASTOR.
Hodgson in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 84 (1844).
Sturnopastor contra.
Sturnus contra, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 290 (1766).
Sturnopastor contra (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 57
(1890) ; Gates, Fauu. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 542 (1889).
The Pied Starling.
Hah. Indian Peninsula, ranging eastwards into Assam.
93. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1873.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
93 A. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
J'resented hy JJr. ./. Anderson, F.ILS.
EULABETID^. 23
Genus DILOPHUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 34 (1816).
Dilophus carunculatus.
Gracula caruncalata, Gmelin, Syst. ^"at. i. p. li'JO (1788).
Dilophus carunculatus (Gm.), Sharpo, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii, p. 61
(1890).
The Wattled Starling.
Ilab. The greater part of Africa and Southern Arabia.
94. Skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Family EULABETID^.
Genus EULABES "".
Cuvier, llegne Anim. i. p. 401 (1817).
Eulabes intermedius.
Gracula intermedia, A. Hay, Madr. Journ. xiii. pt. 2, p. 157 (1844).
Mainatus intermedius (Hay), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 104
(1890).
Eulabes intermedius (Hay), Gates, Pauu. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 511
(1889).
The Malayan 1'alking Myna.
Hub. Burmese countries south to the Malayan Peninsula, east
to Cochin China, and west to the Himalayas and Central India.
95. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Frenented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Eulabes religiosus.
Gracula religiosa, Liunajus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 164 (1766).
Eulabes religiosus (L), Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 511
(1889).
Mainatus religiosus (L.)» Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 99
(1890).
The South-Indian Talking Myna.
Hob. Ceylon and Southern India.
* Professor Stewart lias kindly examined for nie skulls of several jrcnera
of Corvida; aud allied families. He lii;ds that iu Eulabes the siplioiiiuiii
is well ossified.
24 PICO-PASSERES.
Eulabes religiosus.
96 a. Natural skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. AhntJuims.
96. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle but wanting furculu. From
Nepal. Presented by B. H. Ilodyson, Esq.
97. Pelvis. From Nepal. Presented by B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus TEMENUCHUS.
Cabauis, Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 20-i (1850).
Temenuchus pagodarum.
Turdiis jxnjodarnm^ Gmelin, Sj^st. jVat. i. p. 816 (1788).
TemenucTius jycf/odarum (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 73 (1890); Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 533 (1889).
The Black-headed Myna.
Ilab. Afghanistan and the whole of the Indian Peninsula.
98. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1917.
Presented by Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus ACRIDOTHERES.
Yieillot, Analyse, p. 42 (1816).
Acridotheres tristis.
Paradisea tristis, Linnaeus, f^Tst. Xat. i. p. 167 (1766).
Acridotheres tristis, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 80 (1890) ;
Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 537 (1889).
The Common Myna.
JIab. India :ind Burmese provinces.
99. ISternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented by B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
100. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle, hut having the right
coracoid and scapula removed to show articulation. S. S.
187G. Presented by Dr. John Anderson, F.R.S.
101. Pelvis. From Nepal. Presented by Ji. IL Hodgson. Esq.
EULABETIDiE. 25
Genus LAMPROCOLIUS.
Sundcvall, K. Vet.-Akad. Forh. Stockholm, 1835, p. 104.
Lamprocolius purpureus.
Turdus iturpureus, P. L. S. Miiller, S, N. Suppl. p. 143 (1770).
Lamprocolius purpureus (MuU.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 175, pi. viii. fig. 1 (1890).
The Pukple-headed Glossy Starling.
Hah. West Africa from Senegambia to Gaboon, extending to
Equatorial Africa.
102. Sternum, with sboulder- girdle. S. S. 2154. Purchased.
Genus HETERALOCHA*.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 218 (1850).
A. Mandible curved, with no median articulation.
B. A great backward prolongation of the angular.
Heteralocha acutirostris,
Neomorplui acvhrustris, Gould, P. Z. S. lb3G, p. 144.
Neomorpha gouldii, Eyton, Osteol. Av. p. 150, pi. ix. f.
Heteralocha acutirostris (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii.
p. 143 (1877); BuUer, B. New Zealand, 2nd cd. p. 7, pi. 2
(1888).
Heteralocha gouMi, Meyer, Abhild. Yogel-Skel. pi. xlvii.
The Htjia.
Hah. New Zealand (North Inland).
103. Skull of female bird. From Port Nicholson, New Zealand.
0. C. 1516 A. Freaented hy Sir Everard Home, Bart.
104. "Wing-bones of above specimen.
105. Leg-bones of above specimen.
* The anatomy of Heteraloc/ta is described by Garrod in the P. Z. S. 1872,
pp. G4:J-G47. Cf. also Foibe?, Ibi.-^, l'^8L p. 20.
26
l'ICO-PASSERf;s.
Family ARTAMID^ ^.
Genus ARTAMUS.
Yieillot, Analyse, p. 41 (1816).
A. Nasal capsule bony, leaving small rounded nasal aperture.
B. Posterior extremity of the palatines gradually passing into
a long slender process continuous with its internal angle.
C. Frontal zygomatic pi'ocess long, broad at base ; squamosal
hardly marked, but
D. Angular without backward prolongation.
Fio-. IG. Fi?-. 1.5.
i^_£. soJ- Ifp- ^/P-
Fig. 15. — Lateral view of skull of Artamus leucogader (enlarged). — io.f.,
interoibital fenestra ; so.f., supraorbital fenestra ; f.~-p., frontal zygo-
matic process ; s.z.p., squamosal zygomatic process. (From a specimen
in the Museum of the Iloyal College of Surgeons.)
Fig. 16. — Ventral view of palate (enlarged).
Artamus fuscus.
Artamus fuscus, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xvii. p. 297 (1817) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii, p. 11 (1890) ; Oatos, Faun.
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 498 (1889).
The Ashy Swallow-Shrike.
Hah. India to Tenasserim, Siam, and China.
* According to Nitzsch (cf. also Forbes, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 838), Artamus
wants the aftershaft of the feather. Eyton gives a short description of the
skeleton of A. leucogaster in his ' Osteologia ' (p. 12-3).
The skidl of specimen 106 a seems to show that Artamus is a Laniine
form, and has nothing to do with the Starlings. The prolongation of the
posterior internal angle of the palatines as a long and delicate spine and
the osseous olfactory capsule prove the alhnity of Artaiuus to Lanius beyond
a doubt.
^ DICKURID^. 27
106. Sternum and shouldor-glrJlc of female (wanting left cora-
coid and left scapula). S. S. 1879.
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Artamus leucogaster.
Artamus leticoijaster (Yalenc), Sharpe, Cat. ]5. Brit. Mua. xiii. ]). 3
(1890).
The White-bellied Swallow-Shrike.
flal. i\ustralia and the Indo-Malayan and Austro-Malayan
Subregions.
106 A. Natural skeleton of female. From Lismore, N.S.W.
Pifrchased of Mr. Goodwin.
Artamus sordidus.
Turdas sordidus, Lath. Ind. Oru. Siippl. iv. ]». xliii (1801).
Artamus sordidus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 19 (1890).
The Dusky Swallow-Shrike.
Ilab. Australia.
107. Skeleton from Tasmania. 0. C 1578 G. Gould Collection.
Artamus personatus.
Ocypterus personatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 149.
Artamus personatus (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 16
(1890).
The Masked Wood- Swallow.
Hah. The whole of Australia, excepting the northern parts.
1578 H.
Gould Collection.
108. Skeleton, from Western Australia. 0. C. 1578 h
Family DK^RURIDJ^ *.
Gcuus CHIBIA.
Hodgson, Ind. Review, i. p. ;524 (1837).
Chibia hottentotta.
Corvris liottentottus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 15.5 (1706).
Chibia hottentotta (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 235
(1877); Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 320 (1889).
* Dr. Meyer gives a ligure of tlie slieletoii of Dicrurus leucops from Celebes
i7i his ' Ahbiklungeu der Vdgel-Skeletteu ' (pi. xxvi.).
28 PICO-PASSEKES.
Chibia hottentotta.
The Hair-crested Drongo.
Hah. Indian Peninsula and Himalaya Mountains to Burma
and Tenasserim.
109. Skeleton (wanting sternum and shoulder-girdle).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
110. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1864.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq,
111. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
112. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting fiircuk. From
Nepal. Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
113. Pelvis. From Nepal. Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Chibia bracteata.
Dicrurus bracteatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1842, p. 132,
Chibia bracteata (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 23G
(1877) ; Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. v (1888).
The Australian Drongo.
Hah. Nearly the whole of Australia, excepting the western
portion of the continent and Victoria.
114. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Sydney, N. S. W. {E. P.
Ramsay). S. S. 1082.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus BUCHANGA.
Hodgson, Ind. Review, i. p. 326 (1837).
Buchanga pyrrhops.
Dicrurus pyrrliops, Hodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 14 (1844).
Buchanga pyrrhops (Hodgs.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 251
(1877).
Dicrurus longicaudatus, Jerd. ; Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i.
p. 214 (1889).
The Indian Ashy Drongo.
ORTOLID^. 29
Ilab. The whole of India, exceptino- the North-western States
(Sind &c.).
115. Sternum and shoiilder-oirdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1883. From Nei)al.
Presented by D. II. Hodgson, Es(j.
Genus DICRANOSTREPTUS.
Eeichenbach, Syst. Av. pi. Ixxxviii. fig. 12 (1850).
Dicranostreptus megarhynchus.
Edolias megarhynchus^ Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. dc I'Astrol., Zool.
i. p. 184, pi. vi. (1830).
Dicranostre'ptus megarhynchus (Q. & G.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus. ill. p. 256 (1877).
The Long-tailed Drongo.
Hah. New Ireland.
116. Sternum and shoulder-girdle, wanting right scapula. Fi'om
New Ireland {J. Brazier). S. S. 2439.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Family ORIOLID^*.
Genus ORIOLUS.
Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 160 (1766).
Oriolus melanocephalus.
Oriolns melanocephalus, Linnoeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 160 (1766) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 215 (1877) ; Gates, Faun.
Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 506 (1889).
The Indian Black-headed Oriole.
Hah. Indian peninsula and Burmese countries.
* A figui'o of the skeleton of Oriolus formosus is given by Dr. Meyer
(Abbildungcn cler Yiigel-Skeletten, ph xxv.).
30 PICO-PASSERES.
Oriolus melanocephalus.
117. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wantino; left coracoid
and scapula). S. S. 1907.
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus MIMETA.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 326 (1826).
Mimeta viridis.
Gracula viridis. Lath. Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. xxviii (1801).
Oriolus viridis, Vieill. X. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xviii. p. 197 (1817);
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 212 (1377).
Mimeta viridis, Vig. & Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 326 (1826).
The New South Wales Oriole.
Hah. Australia, from the Wide-Bay district to New South
Wales and Victoria.
118. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Dobroydo, N. S. AV.
[E. F.Ramsay). S. S. 926.
Presented hy P. L. Sclafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus SPHECOTHERES.
VieiUot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxxii. p. 5 (1819).
Sphecotheres maxillaris.
Turdus maxiUaris, Lath. Ind. Orn., SuppL p. xliii (1801).
Sphecotheres australis, Gould, B. Austr. fol. iv. pi. 15 (1848).
Sphecotheres maxiUaris (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, iii.
p. 224 (1877).
The Bare-faced Oriole.
Hah. Australia.
119. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Richmond River,
N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1360.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
ICTRRID^.
31
Family K'TERID.E*.
A. Flexure of mandible well marked and situated below posterior
border of nasal aperture.
B. A very large main fenestra in interorbital septum, with a
small secondary one in front ; cranial deficiency large,
two-thirds of longth of interorbital fenestra.
C. Frontal zygomatic process small but well marked ; the
squamosal broad and blunt.
D. Angular much prolonged backwards.
E. Palatines with a slender prolongation of posterior external
anole.
Fiir. 1?
iol so/ fzp S!P
Lateral view of skull of Sturnella matjna. — io.f., interorbital fenestra ; so.f.,
supraorbital fenestra ; f.z.p., frontal zygomatic process ; s.z.p., squa-
mosal zygomatic process ; a. backward prolongation of mandible.
Genus CASSICUS.
Brisson, Orn. ii. p. OS (1700).
Cassicus persicus.
OrioJus i^ersicus, Linna;us, Syst. Xat. i. p. IGl (1700).
Cassicus persicus (Linn.), Sclater, Cat, B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 321
(1886).
The Yellow Hang-nest.
Ilal). South America.
120. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1408.
Presented J>y the Smithsonian fast iii/t Ion.
* For the osteology of the geiuis Sturnella and the N. American Lleridfc,
rf. Shufeldt, .Tourn. Anat. Phys. xxii. pp. .'J09-3-TO, pi. xv.
32 PICO-PASSERES.
Gemis MOLOTHRUS *.
Swainson, Faun. Bor.-Amer. ii. p. 277 (1831).
Molothrus bonariensis.
Tanar/ra bonariensis, Gmelin, 8yst. Xat. i. p. 898 (1788).
Molothrus bonariensis (Gm.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. xi. p. 335
(1886); id. & Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 72 (1888).
The Argentine Cow-bird.
Hah. Brazil, Bolivia, and the Argentine Republic.
121. Natural skeleton. Fro7n the Zoological Society.
Genus AGELSUSf.
Yieillot, Analyse, p. 33 (I81G).
Agelseus phoeniceus.
Oriolus plicenicens, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. IGl (17G0).
Arjelcnis phoeniceus (L.), Sclater, Cat, B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 340
(1886).
The Red-winged Blackbird.
Hal). North America.
182. Skull of male. From Fort Wiugate, New Mexico.
Presented hy Dr. R. W. Shufeldt.
123. Skull of female. From Fort Wingate, New Mexico.
Presented hy Dr. R. W. Shufeldt.
Agelseus humeralis.
Leistes humeralis, Vigors, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 442 (1827).
^(7eZfTOs7iumerffZis(Vig.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 342 (1886).
The Cuban Marsh-Starling.
Hah. Cuba.
124. Natural skeleton : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
* I have followed Dr. Sclater's classification of the Ictcridoi ; but Dr. Shu-
feldt shows that Molothrus is very Fringilliue in its skeleton (Journ. Anat.
Phys. xxii. p. 348), while he writes to us later, " Dolichomjx is stiU more
puzzling."
t For the osteology of this genus, see Dr. Shufeldt, Jouru. Anat, Phys.
xxii. pp. .300-350.
ICTERIDyK. 33
Genus NESOPSAR.
Sclater, Ibis, 1859, j). 4-37.
Nesopsar nigerrimus.
Icterus nigerrimus, Osburn, Zoologist, xvii. p. 0602 (1859).
Nesopsar nigerrimus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 353 (1886).
The Jet-black Hang-nest.
Hah. Jamaica.
125. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of female (wanting right
coracoid and right scapula). S. S. 1442.
Presented hij tlie Sniithsonian Institution.
Genus STURNELLA.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 34 (1816).
Sturnella neglecta.
Sturnella neglecta, Audub. B. Amer. vii. p. 339, pi. 487 (1843).
Sturnella magna, pt., Scl. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 358 (1886).
The Western Meadow-Lark.
Hah. Western United States.
126. Skull. From Fort Wingate, New Mexico.
Presented by Br. R. W. Shufcldt.
Genus SCOLECOPHAGUS *.
Swainson, Faun. Bor.-Amer., Aves, p. 494 (1831).
Scolecophagus ferrugineus.
Oriolus ferrugineus, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. j). 393.
Scolecophagus ferrugineus, Scl. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 390 (1886).
The Rusty Blackbird.
Ilah. North America.
127. Sterumn, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1281.
Presented hy the Snufhf^-onian Institution.
* An account of tlic osteology of this genus is given by Dr. h'liulVIilt in
Journ. Anat. I'hys. xxii. ])]). ;i09-3o0.
I'AKT 111. I)
34 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus ICTERUS*.
Brissoii, Oni. xi. p. .So (1760).
Icterus jamacai.
Oriolus Jamacai, (Traeliii, Syst. Nat. i. p. 391 (1788).
Icterus jamacai (Gm.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 333 (1886).
The Brazilian Hang-nest.
Ilah. Brazil.
128. Natural skeleton. From the Zoological Society.
139. Natural skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahraliams.
Icterus leucopteryx.
Fsarocolius hucojjtenj.c, AVagler, Syst. Av. sp. 16, p. 172 (1827).
Icterus leucopteryx (Wagl.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mxis. xi. p. 387
(1886).
The Banana-biku.
Ilab. Jamaica.
130. Sterninn and sboulder-girdle of t'enuile (wanting left
coracoid and right and left scapula?). S. S. 1441 a.
Presented hy tlie SrnitJisonian Institution.
Family PLOCEID^.
Cranial deficiency large, with minute interorbital fenestra, not
as large as the o])tic foramen.
Frontal zygoma small; squamosal large.
Articular not prolonged backwards.
Palatines with the posterior external angle slightly prolonged.
Fig. 18.
«/ if/ i-.:.p s:p
Laleral view of skull of Pyromelana oryx. — o.f., optic foramen ; s<i.f., supra-
orbital fenestra ; /.;:r.^., frontal zygomatic process; s-z.^h, squamosal
zygomatic process.
* For an account of the osteology of certain North- American species of
thi.'* genus, see Shufeklt, Journ. Anat. Phys. x.xii. pp. 309 -o40.
PLOCEID^. 35
Genus VIDUA.
Cuvicr, Aiiat. Conip., Tabl. Uis. (18U0).
Vidua principalis.
Emhcriza i^rhiclpaUs, Linnicus, Syst. 'Sni. i. p. 313 (ITOIJ).
Vidua principalis (L.), Shaq3e,Cat. B. Brit. Mus.xiii. p. 1^03 (1800).
The Long-tailed Whydah-bird.
Hah. Africa.
131. Skeleton of male. Freseufed by Mr. J. Ahrahatus.
Genus STEGANURA.
Keichenbach, Syst. Av. taf. Ixxvi. tig. 3U (ISoU).
Steganura paradisea.
Emherzia paradisea, Linuteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 312 (170()).
Steganura paradisea (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. '2\\
(1890).
The Broad-tailed Whydah-bird.
Ilab. Africa generally^ excepting the west Qow^i.
132. Natural skeleton : mounted. Presented by Mr. .J. Abraliains.
Genus PYROMELANA.
Bonaparte, Saggio Distr. Met. Anim. Vcrtcbr. p. 141 (1831).
Pyromelana oryx.
Emberiza ori/x, Linuteus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 3u9 (ITOO).
Pyromelana ory.v (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 230(1890).
The Red Bishop-bird.
IM. South Africa.
133. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Preserded by Mr. J. Abrahamt<.
Pyromelana afra.
Loxia afra, Gmclin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 857 (1788).
Pyromelana afra (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 241
(1890).
I) 2
ofi PK'O-PASSERES.
Pyromelana afra.
The Black-bellied Bishop-bird.
Hah. West Africa.
134. Natural skeleton : inonnted. Presented hj Mr. J. Abrahams.
135. Natural skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus QUELEA.
Reichenbach, 8yst. Av. taf. xlvi. fig. 1 (1850).
Quelea quelea.
Emberiza quelea, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 3<>3 (1760).
Quelea quelea (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 257 (1890).
The Eed-billed Weaver-Pinch.
Hab. The greater part of Africa.
136. Natural skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus SPERMESTES.
Swainson, B. W. Afr. i. p. 201 (1837).
Spermestes nana.
Pyrrhula na7ia, Pucher. Bev. Zool. 1845, p. 52.
Spermestes nana (Pucher.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 266
(1890).
The Grey-headed Weaver-Pinch.
Hab. Madagascar.
A 136. Natural skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus STICTOSPIZA.
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 287 (1890).
Stictospiza formosa.
Frinrj'dla forvwsa. Lath. Ind. Oni. i. p. 441 (1790).
iStktospiza formosa (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. xiii. p. 287
(1890).
The Green Weaver-Einch.
Hah. Indian ])eninsula.
137. Natural skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
i'i,i)CKin,E. 37
(Jen us AMADINA.
Swainsoii, Zool. Jouni. iii. p. 34!) (1S27).
Amadina fasciata.
Ijoxia fasriata , Gmelia, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 859 (1788).
Amadhia famcuda (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. ]}. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 289
(1890).'
The Cut-throat Weaver-Finch.
Hah. Senegambia to N.E. Africa.
138. Natural skeleton of male : luouuted.
Presented by M^r. J. AIuvIkihik.
139. Natural skeleton of female. Presented hy Mr. J. . {hrali'nus.
Genus STAGANOPLEURA.
Reichenbach, Syst. Av. taf. Ixxv. fig. 25 (1851).
Staganopleura guttata.
Loccia guttata, Shaw, Mas. Lever, p. 47, fig. 2 (1792).
Staijanopleura guttata (Shaw), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 292 (1890).
Estrilda guttata, Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 10 (1888).
The Spotted-sided Weaver-Einch.
Hah. Australia, from the AVide-Bay district to New South
Wales and South Australia.
140. Natural skeleton of male : mounted. '
Premnted hy Mr. J. Ahralnnus.
141. Natural skeleton of mal<' : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Jln-aham^.
142. Natural skeleton of male : articulated.
Pi-€senied hy .]fr. .7. .\hrali<uiis.
143. Natural skeleton of male : articulated.
Presented hy Mr. ./. Ahrah.ams.
144. Natural .skeleton of male : articulated.
Presented hy }fr. J. Ahrah'UDs.
38 PrCO-PASSERES.
Genus HYPOCH-ffiRA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 450 (1850).
Hypochaera aenea.
Hypochera cenea, Hartlaub, Jouru. f. Orn. 1S54, p. 115 ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 308 (1890).
The Black Weaver-Finch.
Ilah. Senegambia.
145. Skeleton of male: articulated. Presented htj Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus T.ffiNIOPYGIA.
lieichenhach, Singvogel, p. 20 (1861).
Tseniopygia castanotis.
Amadina castanotis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 105.
Toiniopygia castanotis (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 3 LI (1890).
Estrelda castanotis (Gould), Ramsaj', Tab. List Austr. B. p. 10
(1888).
The Chestnut-eared Weaver-Finch.
Hah. Nearly the Avliole of Australia.
146. Natural skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
147. Natural skeleton. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
148. Natural skeleton. Presented J>y Mr. J. Abrahams.
149. Natural skeleton. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
A. 148, 149. Sterna. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus SPOR.ffiGINTHUS.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 170 (1850)
Sporseginthus subflavus.
FrinyiUa suhjlava, Yieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxx. p. 575 (1889).
Sporcr/inthvs suhjlavus (V.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 324;
(1890).
The Sanguineous Waxbill,
JI<d>. The greater {)art of Africa.
150. Natural skeleton. L* resented Ay JAr. J. Abrahams.
I'LocKiD.K. 3y
Genus MUNIA.
Hodgson, Asiiit. liesearch. xix. p. ir)3 (183G).
Munia oryzivora.
Fjoxia orj/zivora, Linnteus, Syst. Xat, i. p. ;}()2 (ITOf)).
Padda oryzivora (L.)? Horsf. & ifoore, Cat. B. E.I. (.'o. ii. p. .j04
(1856).'
Mania oryzivora (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. :}2S
(1890)."
The Java Weaver- Finch or Java Sparrow.
Hdh. Malayan Peninsula, Siimatni. and Java.
151. Xatnral skeleton of temale : mounted.
Pre.'ivnted Uy Mr. J. AJiraliains.
152. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Alirdlnuns.
153. Natural skeleton. Presented hy ^^r. J. Ahrdhitnts.
154. Natural skeleton. Presented by Mr. J. Ahraluuns
Munia maja.
Loxia maja, Linnaeus, S3st. Xat. i. p. 301 (176G).
Munia maja (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 332 (l8!)i»j.
The White-headed Weaver-Finch.
Hab. Malayan Peninsula, Sumatra, and Java.
155. Natural skeleton: momited. Presented by M,-. J. Alir<(Ji(iiiis,
Munia punctulata.
Fringilla punctulata, Linnieus, Syst. >«at. i. p. 302 (1760).
Munia inuictaJata (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 'Mi)
(1890).
The Spotted Weaver-Finch.
Hob, Indian Peninsula, eastwards to Assam.
156. Natural skeleton of n)ale : mounted.
.I*ri'.<t'ii(cd by Mr. J. Ahrabinn.^.
40 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus UROLONCHA.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 173 (1850).
XJroloncha acuticanda.
Munia acuticauda, Hodgson, Asiat. llesearch, six. p. 153 (1836).
Uroloncha acuticauda (Hodgs.), Sharpe, Cat, B. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 356 (1890).
The White-rum ped Weaver-Finch.
Hah. Himalayas to the Burmese countries.
157. Skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
Genus POEPHILA.
Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1842, p. 18.
Poephila cincta.
Amadina cincta, Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1836, p. 105.
PoepJiila cincta (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 376
(1890).
The Banded Weaver-Finch.
Uab. North-eastern and Southern Australia.
158. Natural skeleton : moxmted. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
159. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. New South Wales {E.
P. Ramsay). S. S. 1084.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Poephila gouldi2e.
Amadina gouldice, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 5.
Poephila fjoiddia; (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 378
(1890).
Mrs. Gould's Weaver-Finch.
IIa]>. N.W. Australia.
160. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
J^ resented hy ^^r. J. Ahrahamf^.
PLOCEiP^:. 41
Genus NEOCHMIA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 458 (1850).
Neochmia phaeton.
Fringilla phaeton, Hombron & Jacquinot, Ann. Sci. Nat. (2) x\ i.
p. 314(1841).
Neochmia phaeton (H. «fc J.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 389
(1890).
The Crimson Weaver-Einch.
Hah. N. Australia.
161. Skeleton of male. Presented Jiy ]\fi'. J. Ahniluuns.
162. Skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
163. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Prom the Zoological Society.
Genus ESTRILDA.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 349 (1827).
Estrilda cinerea.
Fringilla cinerea, Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xii. p. 176
(1817).
Estrilda cinerea (V.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 395 (1 890).
The White-vented Weaver-Einch.
Hah. Western and North-eastern Africa, as well as the Lake
Regions.
164. Natural skeleton of male ; mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. xibrahams.
165. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented by Afr. J. AJ>rahams.
166. Natural skek^ton of male. Presented by Mr. J. Ahraliams.
167. Natural skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
168. Skull. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
42 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus SPOROPIPES.
Cabauis, Arch, fiir Naturg. viii. p. 'A32 (1847).
Sporopipes frontalis.
Loxia frontalis, Daudin, Traite d'Orn. ii. p. 445 (1800).
Sporojii/ies frontalis (Daud.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 409
(1890). '
The Rufous-necked Weaver-Einch.
Hah. N.E. Africa and Senegambia.
169. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented hij }fr. J. Ahraluuns.
Genus SITAGRA.
Eeichenbach, Syst, Av. taf. Ixix. %. 15 (1850).
Sitagra capensis.
Onolus ccqjensis, Linnaeus, Sj'st. Xut. i. p. 10:3 (17GG).
Sitagra capensis (L.), 8harpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 430 (1890).
The Cape Weaver-bird.
Ilah. Western Cape Colony.
170. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Ahraliams.
Genus PLOCEUS*.
Cuvier, Rt'gne Auim. i. p. 363 (1817).
Ploceus atrigula.
Ploceus atrir/ida, Hodgson in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 84 (1844) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 491 (1890).
The Indo-Malayan Weaver-bird.
Hid). Malayan Peninsula, tlirough the Burmese countries to
Eastern Bengal and Lower Himalayas.
171. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1910.
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
* A skeleton of Hyphantornia rucidlata \» tigurod by Meyer ( Abbdd. Voj>-.-
Skel., Lief. xv. tab. cxliv. i\)T. \).
CCEREBID.E. — TAKAGUID/K. 43
Family ( '(EREBID.?^.
Genus GLOSSIPTILA.
Sclater, 1'. Z. S. 185G, p. 269.
Glossiptila ruficoUis.
Tanagra ruJicolUs, Graelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 894 (1788).
Glossiptila rajicollis (Gm.), Sclater, Cat. E. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 48
(1880).
The Red-throated Blue Tanager.
Hah. Jamaica.
172. Stcniuiii and shoulder-girdle (wanting fnrcula, right cora-
coid, and scapula). S. S. 143(5.
Presented hy the Smithsoniaa Institution.
Family TANAGRID^.
[Cf. Forbes, P. Z. S. 1880, p. 143.]
Genus EUPHONIA.
Desmarcst, Hist. Xat. Tangaras, pi. xix. (1805).
Euphonia violacea.
Tanarjra violacea, Linnaeus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 315 (176G).
Euplwnia violacea (L.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 74 (1886).
The Violet Tanager.
Hah. Brazil.
173. Skeleton. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.E.S.
174. Skeleton. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, E^q., F.R.S.
175. Skeleton. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus CALLISTE.
Bole, Isis, 1826, p. U74.
Calliste fastuosa.
Tanarjra fastuosa, Lesson, Cent. Zool. p, 184, pi. 58 (1830).
Calliste fastuosa (Less.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 98 (188G).
The Superb Tanager.
If ah. IJrazil.
44 pico-PAssKR?:s.
Calliste fastuosa.
176. Natural skeleton of female : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
177. Natural skeleton: mounted. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
178. Natural skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
179. Natural skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
180. Natural skeleton. From the Zoological Society.
181. Sternum. Presented by Mr. .J. Abrahams.
Geuus TANAGRA.
Liimaeiis, Sjst. Nat. i. p. 213 (17GG).
Tanagra cana.
Tanagra cana, Swainson, OrD. Dr. pi. 37 (1841); Sclater, Cat. B.
Brit. Mas. xi. p. 1.56 (1886).
The Silvery-blue Tanager.
Hab. Central and Southern America.
182. Natural skeleton. From the Zoological Society.
Tanagra cyanoptera.
Baltator cijanoptenis, VieiUot, Xouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xiv. p. 104.
Tanagra cganoj_)t€ra (V.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 157
(1886).
The Blue-shouluered Tanager.
Hab. Brazil.
183. Natural skeleton. From the Zoological Society.
Tanagra ornata.
Tanagra ornata, Sparrman, Mus. Carls, pi. 95 (1786) ; Sclater,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 161 (1886).
The Archbishop Tanager.
Ilab. South America.
184. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (wanting left scapula).
S. S. 1.551. /'resented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.B.S.
TANA(;i;ii>.T':. 45
Genus SPINDALIS.
Jardine et Selby, lUustr. Ornitli. iv. pi. 9 (18;3(;).
Spindalis nigricephala.
Tanagra nigricephala, Jameson, Edinb. N. Phil. Joiirii. xix. p. 213
(1835).
Spindalis nigricephala (Jam.), Hclater, Cat, B. Erit. Mus. xi. p. 1(30
(1886).
The Cashew-bird.
Ilah. Jamaica.
185. Sternum of male, (wanting right coracoi J and both scapulce).
S. S. 1434.
Presented hy the SmitJisonian Institution.
Genus RHAMPHOCCGLUS.
Desraarest, Hist. Nat. Tangaras, p. 5, pi. xxviii. (1805).
Rhamphocoelus brasilius.
Tanagra brasUia, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 314 (1766).
BhamphocceJas brasilius (Linn.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi.
p. 170 (1886).
The Brazilian Ued Tanager.
Hah. Brazil.
186. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wanting left scapula).
S. S. 2162. From the Zoological Societi/.
Genus PYRANGA*,
Yieillot, Ois. d'Amer. Sept. i. Preface, p. iv (1807).
Pyranga rubra.
Mmcicapa rubra, Linna?us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 326 (1766).
Fyranga cestiva (Gm.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 182.
Fgranga rubra (L.), A. 0. U. Check-list, p. 291 (1880).
The Summer Tanager.
* For remarks upon the osteology of the genus Pyraruja, cf. Shufeldt in
' The Auk,' v. no. 4, Oct. 1888, p. 441 ; and in Journ. Morph. vol. iii. no. 1,
1889, p. 189, pi. vi. fig. 2o.
46 PICO-PASSERES.
Pyranga rubra.
Hah. North America, wintering in Central and the northern
])art of South America.
187. Natural skeleton of female. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Pyranga erythromelas.
Taaayra rubra, Linua:'us, Syst. Xat. i. p. 314 (1766).
Pyranga rubra (L.), Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xi. p. 188 (1886).
Pyranga erythromelas, Yieill. ; A. 0. U. Check-list, p. 291 (1886).
The Scarlet Tanager.
Hah. Eastern North America, wintering in Central and South
America.
188. Natural skeleton of male. Presented hu Mr. J. Ahrahams.
Family FRINGiLLIUiE.
Subfamily C o C c o T H K A u s T I N ^ .
Genus COCCOTHRAUSTES *.
Briss. Oru. iii. p. 218 (1760).
Coccothraustes coccothraustes.
Loxia coccothraustes, Linnteus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 299 (1766).
Coccothraustes coccothraustes (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii.
p. 36 (1888).
The Haweinch.
Hah. Europe.
189. Articulated skeleton (im})erfecr). 0. (). 1556.
Sontli Collection.
190. Natural skeleton. 0. C. 1557. South Collection.
* For the anatumy of Habia melanocephala and Coccothraustes vesjiertinus,
cf. Shufeldt, Auk, v. p. 438, vi. p. 74. For good figures of the skull of
Coccothraustes, cf. AV. K. Parker, Trans. Zool. Soe. vol. x. pt. vi. 1878, pi. 50.
figs. 1,2; also Huxley, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 452, fig. 33. Cf. also Sharpe, Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. xii. p. 2: Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 195.
FKIN(;iLLIL)iE. 47
Genus CHLORIS.
Cuvicr, Lecons Anat. Comp. i. tab. 2 (1800).
Chloris chloris.
Loxia Moris, Linn:eus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 804 (17G6).
Lir/unmis chloris (L.), Koch, Syst. baier. Zool. p. 230 (181(5)
Clihris chloris (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Erit. Mus. xii. p. 21 (1"'
The Greenfinch.
Ilah. Europe.
191. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0.0.1559 a. Purchased.
192. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1559 b. Purchased.
193. Skull. 0. 0. 1559. Hunterian.
194. Skull of female. 0. 0. 15G0. Purchased.
Genus MYCEROBAS.
Cab. in Wiegm. Arch. xiii. p. 350 (1847).
Mycerobas melanoxanthus.
Coccothraustes nulanoxanthus, Hodgson, Asiat. llcscarch. xix. p. 150
(1836).
Mycerobas melanoxanthus (Hodgs.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii.
p. 41 (1888).
The Spotted-winged Grosbeak.
Hab. Himalaya Mountains, ranging- into the bills of Western
Oliina.
195. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented J>tj B. H. Hodgson., Esq.
Genus HEDYMELES.
Cabanis, Mus. Kein. Th. i. p. 152 (1850).
Hedymeles ludovicianus.
Loxia ludoviciana, Liunaus, Syst. 2sat. i. p. 3u() ( 17()(i)-
Iledymeles ludovicianus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. ]\Ius. xii. p. 58 (1888).
The Rose-breasted Grosbeak.
Flah. North Anu'rica.
196. Natural >keletoii. Presented l>;j Mr. J. Al>rah<uns.
48 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus SPERMOPHILA.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 348 (1827).
Spermophila albigularis.
Loxia albigularis, Spix, Av. Bras. ii. p. 40 (1824).
Spermophila albigularis (l^pix), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii.
p. 93 (1888).
The White-throated Grosbeak.
IJah. Brazil.
A 196. Natural skeleton of female. 2^ resented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus LOXIGILLA.
Lesson, Traite, p. 443 (1831).
Loxigilla violacea.
Loxia violacea, Linnaeus, Sj^st. Nat. i. p. 306 (1766).
Loxigilla violacea (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 82(1888).
The Black Grosbeak.
Hah. Antilles.
197. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting right coracoid and sca-
pula) . S. S. 1440. Presented hythe Smithsonian Institution.
Loxigilla anoxantha.
Spermophila anoxantha, Gosse, Birds of Jamaica, p. 247, pi. 62
(1847).
Loxigilla anoxantha (Gosse), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 85
(1888).
The Yellow-backed Grosbeak.
Hub. Jamaica.
198. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wanting furcula, left
coracoid, and scapula). S. S. 1439.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus PHONIPARA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 494 (1850).
Phonipara marchii.
Fhonipara marchii, Baird, TrGC. Philad. Acad. 1863, p. 297;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 150 (1888).
March's Grosbeak.
KRINGILLID.E. 49
Ilah. Antilles.
199. Sternum and shoulder-girdk; of male (\vantin<r ri^lit and
left scapulaj) . S. S. 1437.
Presented hy the Sinithsoidan Institution.
Genus CARDINALIS.
Bonaparte, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 111.
Cardinalis cardinalis *.
Lo.via cardinalis, Linna3us, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 300 (1700).
Cardinalis virginianus, Bonap. loc. cit.
Cardinalis cardinalis (L.), Sharpe, Cat. E. Brit. Mus. xii. p. ]f!l
(1888).
The Virginian Cardinal.
Ilab. North America.
200. Natural skeleton: mounted. 0. C. 15G1. (Toes defec-
tive.) Brookes Coll.
201. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Ahraluuns.
202. Skull.
203. Sternum. S. S. 1298.
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Subfamily F li I N G ] L L I N ^ .
Genus FRINGILLA.
Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 318 (1706).
Fringilla caelebs.
Fringilla coilebs, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 318 (1700) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 170 (1888).
The Chaffinch.
Ilab. Europe.
204. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 15G6 C. Old Coll.
205. Skeleton. 0. C. 1566 d Purchased.
206. Natural skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. W. Sibley.
* For good account of the skull of tliis sjjecies, cf. W . 1\. railvLr, Traus.
Zool. Soc. vol. X. pt. vi. 1878, p. 26.").
PAKT III. E
i
50 nCO-PASSERES.
Fringilla montifringilla.
Fringilla montifringilla, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 178 (1766) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Miis. xii. p. 178 (1888).
The Brambling.
Hah. Eurojje and Northern Asia.
207. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1566 E.
From the Zoological Society/.
208. Skull of male. From the Alps. Purchased.
209. Skull of female. From the Alps. Furchased.
Genus CARDUELIS.
Brisson, Orn. iii. p. 53 (1760).
Carduelis carduelis.
Fringilla carduelis, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 318 (1766).
Carduelis elegans, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zoology, xiv. p. 30 (1826).
Carduelis carduelis (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 186
(1888).
The Goldfinch.
Ilab. Europe.
210. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. (J. 1566. Furchased.
211. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. 1567.
F resented by Dr. Leach.
212. Skull (imperfect). 0. V. 1568.
F resented hy Dr. Leach.
213. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wantino- right sca})ula).
S. S. 1407. Furchased.
Large Siberia n Bace.
Carduelis major.
Taczanowski, P. Z. S. 1870. p. 672.
214. Skeleton of male. Siheria.
J're.'^entcd hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
FRINGILLID^. 51
Genus CHRYSOMITRIS.
Boie, Isis, 1828, p. ,322.
Chrysomitris spinus.
Fringilla spinas, Liuuaius, Syst. Nat. i. p. 322 (1706).
Chrysomitris spinus (L.), Sharpo, Cat. B. Erit, Mus. xii. p. 21 3
(1888).
The Siskin.
Ilah. Europe and Northern Asia.
215. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1569 A.
Yarrell Collection.
216. Skull. 0. C. 1569. Presented h<j Dr. Leach.
217. Skull. 0. C. 1570. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
Genus ACANTHIS.
Bechsteiu, Orii. Tascheub. p. 125 (18U3).
Acanthis cannabina.
Frinrfdla camiabina, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 322 (1766).
Linota cannabina (L.), Bp. Comp. List B. Eur, & N. Amer. p. 3-»
(1838).
Acanthis cannabina (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 241
(1888).
The Common Linnet.
Hah. Europe.
218. Natural skeleton : mounted (skull damaged). 0. C. 1565.
PurcJtased.
219. Skeleton. 0. C. 1565 e. Purchased,
220. Skull. 0. C. 1565 f. Presented hy Mr. Marie.
221. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle. S. S. 1259. Purchased.
Acanthis linaria.
Fringilla linaria, Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 322 (1766).
Acanthis linaria (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 245 (1838),
The Mealy Redpoll.
e2
52 PICO-PASSERES.
Acanthis linaria.
Hah. Northern Eiu'ope, across Siberia to North America.
222. Skull of female. The Alps. Purchased.
Geuus BYCANETES.
Cab. Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 164 (1850).
Bycanetes githaginea.
Fringilla githcKjmca, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 24 (1823).
Erythrospiza githaginea (Licht.), Sbarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii.
p. 284 (1888).
The Trumpeter Bullfinch.
Hah. The countries south of the Mediterranean, eastwards to
Persia and N.W. India.
223. Natural skeleton of male. From Algeria.
Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus PETRONIA.
Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. p. 158 (1829).
Petronia dentata.
Xantlwdira dentata, Sundevall, (Efv. K. Vet.-Akad. Fiirh. Stockh.
1850, p. ]27.
Petronia dentata (Sundev.), Sbarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 295
(1888).
The Abyssinian Eock-Sparrow.
Hah. North-eastern Africa.
224. Natural skeleton of male. From the Zoological Society,
Genus PASSER.
Brisson, Orn. iii. p. 71 (1760).
Passer domesticus.
Fringilla domestica, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 323 (1766).
Passer domesticus, Pallas, Zoogr. Ivosso-Asiat. ii. p. 29 (1811) ;
Sbarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 307 (1888).
FRIXGILLIDit:. 53
The Common Sparrow.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
225. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1572 d.
From the Zoological Sociely.
226. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1571.
Presented hy W. Home Cliff, Esq.
227. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1571 a. . Old ColL
228. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1571b. Old Coll.
229. Natural skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. K. Geoiuje.
230. Skeleton. 0. C. 1572 a. Purchased.
231. Natural skeleton. Bidnig Mill, Northumberland. 0. C.
1572 c. Presented hy the Bet: H H Slater.
232. Skull. 0. C. 1572. Presented hy W. Home CH/t, Esq.
233. Sternum. S. S. 1258. Pnrchaml.
Passer montanus.
Fringilla montana. Linnaius, Syst. Nat. i. p. 324 (1700).
Passer montanus (L.), Sharpc, Cat. B. Brit. Mus xii. p. 301 (1888).
The Tree-Sparrow.
Hah, Europe and Asia.
234. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1572 B.
Yarrell Collection.
I
Passer diffusns.
Pyrrjlta diffusa, Smith, Eep. Exped. Centr. Afr., App. p. 50 (1836).
Passer diffusus (Smith), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 33G
(1888).
The Southern Grey-headed Sparrow.
Hab. South At'riua.
235. Skeleton (di-sarticulatod). From the Zoological Sorh'ty.
54 PICO-PASSERES.
Passer euchlorus.
Auripnsser emJilora, Licht. ; Bonaparte, Consp. Av. i. p. 519
(1S50).
Passer eucMorus (Boiiap.), Sharpe, Cat, B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 3-11
(1888).
The Golden-headed Sparrow.
ITah. Arabia.
236. Skeleton of female. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus SERINUS.
Koch, 8yst. baier. Zool. p. 228 (18] 6).
Serinus serinus.
Frmgilla serinus, Linnoeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 320 (1766).
Serinus Jioriulanus, Koch, loo. cit.
Serinus serinus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit, Mus, xii. p. 368 (1888).
The Serin Pinch.
ITab. Central and Southern Eui'ope.
237. Skn]] of female. From South Germany. Purchased.
Serinus canaria.
Frinrjilla canaria, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 321 (1766).
Serinus canaria (L.), Cabanis, Mus, Hein. Th. i, p. 163 (1850);
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 370 (1888).
The Canary Finch,
Hab. Madeira, Canary Islands, and Azores.
238. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1571 K.
239. Skeleton, 0. C, 1571 e. Purchased.
240. Skull. 0. C. 1571 f. Purchased.
241. Skull, 0. C. 1571 g. Purchased.
242. Skull, 0. C. 1571 h. Presented bxj Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
243. Sternum, with shoulder- oirdle, S. S. 1260. Purchased.
FHINCILLID.E. 55
Serinus icterus.
Fringilla ictera, Vieillot, Enc. Moth. iii. p. 972 (182:5).
CritJuufra chrysopy(ja, Swainson, Birds W. Afr. ii. p. 20(), pi. 17
(1837).
Serinus icterus (V.), Sharpo, Cat. B. Brit. ]\[us. xii. p. 35G (1888).
The Golden-humped Seed-eater.
Hah. Western and Southern Africa.
244. Natural skeleton of female. Presented Inj Mr. J. Ahndnuiis.
Genus SVCALIS.
Boie, Isis, 1828, p. 324.
Sycalis flaveola.
Frimjilla jlaveola, Liuna)U3, Syst. Nat. i. p. 377 (170G).
Emheriza brasiliensis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 872 (1788).
Sijcalis hrasiliensis (Gm.), Cabanis & Tscliudi, Faun. Peruan. p. 215
(1845-46).
Sycalis flaveola (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 377 (1888).
The Brazilian Seed-eater.
Hah. The oreater part of South America.
245. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Fro)n the Zoolmjical Society.
Genus CARPODACUS.
Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. p. 1 <i 1 (1 829).
Carpodacus erythrinus.
Loxia erythriua, Pallas, N. Coram. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. xiv.
p. 587, pi. 23. fig. 1 (1770).
Carpodacus erythrinus (Pall.), Sliarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xu.
p. 391 (1888).
The Rosy Bullfinch.
Ilah. Northern Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in India.
246. Sk.-K'tou <.r male. /'resented l>>j Mr. J. Ahra/utnus.
56 PK'0-PASSR1!KS.
Genus LOXIA.
Liunfpus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 290 (1766, pt.).
Loxia curvirostra.
Lo:via curvirostra, Linnseus, loc. cit. ; Sharpc, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.
xii. p. 435 (1888).
The Common Crossbill.
Ilah. Europe unci Northern Asia.
247. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1561.
South Collection.
248. Natural skeleton : mounted (hinder part of cranium re-
moved). 0. ('. 1561 A. Yarrell Collection.
249. Natural skeleton of male. 0. C. 1561 a.
From the Zoological Society.
250. Skull (hinder cranium removed). 0. C. 1563.
Presented hy Sir Everard Home, Bart.
251. Skull. 0. C. 1562.
Presented //// Sir Everard Home, Bart.
252. Skull of male. From South Germany. Purchased.
253. Skull of female. Fi om South Gcn-many. Purchased.
Genus PYRRHULA,
Brisson, Orn. iii. p. 308 (1700).
Pyrrhula pyrrhula.
Loxia 2-)yrrhvJa, Linnaeus, Svst. Nat. i. ]). 4-J:(J (1700).
Pijrrhula ruhiciUa, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. ii. p. 7 (1811, pt.).
Pyrrhula pyrrhula (L.), Sliarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 446
(1888).
The E-ussian Bulleinch.
Hd). Northern Euro])e and Siberia.
254. Natural skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
255. Skull of male. Alps. Purchased.
256. Skull of female. Alps. Purchased.
257. Skull of female. Alps. Purchased
FUINGILLID.E. 57
Pyrrhula europsea.
Ft'mr/illa pyrrhula (nee L.), Temminck, ]M;xn. d'Orn, p, 200 (1815).
Pyrrhula eurojia^n, Vicillot, N, Diet. d'Hist. Nat. iv. p. 28G (181G) ;
Sharps, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 447 (1888).
The Common Bullfinch.
ILih. Western, Central, and Southern Euro|)e.
258. Skeleton. 0. C. 1571 c.
259. Skeleton. 0. C. 1571 e. Purclniml.
260. Sternum and slioulder-<);irdle (wanting left clavicle, left
coracoid, and scapula). S. S. 1261. Purchased.
Subfamily EMBEiuziNiE.
Geuus EMBERIZA.
Brisscn, Orn. iii. p. 257 (17G0).
Emberiza schoeniclus.
Emheriza sclwmiclus, Linuams, Syst. Nat. i. p. 311 (170()) ; Sharpo,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 480 (1888).
The Reed-Bunting.
Ilah. Europe and Northern Asia.
261. Natural skeleton : mounted (skull injured). 0. C. 1574 a,
Yarrell Coll.
262. Skull of male. From South Germany. Purchdml.
Emberiza citrinella.
Emheriza citrinella, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 309 (17GG): Sharpc,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 515 (1888).
The Yellow Bunting, or Yellow-ammeh.
Hah. Europe.
263. Skeleton. 0. C. 1574 b. Purchased.
264. Skull. O. C. 1574. Presented hj Dr. Leach.
265. Skull of male, P'rom the Alps. Purchased.
58 PIC0-PASSERE8.
Emberiza hortulana.
Emberiza Jiortuhnm, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 309 (1766); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 530 (1888).
The Ortolan Bunting.
Ilul). Europe.
266. Skull of female. From South Gerinauv. Purchased.
Genus MILIARIA.
Brohm, Isis, 1828, p. 1278.
Miliaria miliaria.
Emberiza miliaria, Liimteiis, Syst. Nat. i. p. 308 (1766).
Miliaria miliaria (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 552
(1888).
The Common Bunting.
Hah. Europe, extending into Western Persia.
267. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 859. Purchased.
Genus PLECTROPHENAX.
Stejneger, Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. v. p. 33 (1882).
Plectrophenax nivalis.
Emberiza nivalis, Linnoeas, Syst. Nat. i. p. 308 (1766).
Plectrophanes nivalis, Mej'cr, Zus. u. Bericht. Meyer u. Wolf's
Tascheub. p. 57 (1822).
Plectrophenax nivalis (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 572
(1888).
The Snow-Bunting.
Ifah. Northern Europe, North(n-n Asia, and North America.
268. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. 1573.
Presented hfj Dr. Leacli.
fringtllid.t;. 59
Genus CYANOSPIZA.
Baird, Birds of N. Amer. p. 500 (185S).
Cyanospiza cyanea.
Tanagra cyanea, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 315 (17()0).
Cyanospiza cyanea (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. i[iis. xii. ]). 017
(1888).
Passerina cyanea, A. 0. U. Check- list, p. 288 (1886).
The Indigo Bunting.
Hah. Xorthcrn and CVntral America.
269. Xatural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented 1>>j Mr. J. Ahnihanis.
Genus AMMODROMUS.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 348 (1827).
Ammodromus savannarum.
Frinr/illa savannarum, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 021 (1788).
Coturniculus tivicrus, Gosse, Birds of Jamaica, p. 242 (1847).
Ammodromus savannarum (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. ilus. xii.
p. 687 (1888).
The Grasshopper-Sparrow.
Hah. North America to ( Vntral America and the Antilles.
270. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1441.
Presented hji the Srnif/isonidn Institution.
Genus PAROARIA.
Bonaparte, Saggio Distr. Met. An. Vertcbr. p. 141 (1832).
Paroaria capitata.
Tachyphonus capifatus, D'Orbigny & Lafr. Syn. Av. p. 29 (1837).
Paroaria capitata, Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 472 (1850) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 812 (1888).
The Yellow-billed Cardinal.
Hah. Southern BraziL
271. Skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahraliams.
60 PICO-PASSERES.
Paroaria cucuUata.
Loxia cucidlata, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 378 (1790).
Paroaria cucuJlata, Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 471 (1850) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 810 (1888).
The Red-crested Cardinal.
Hah. South America.
272. Natural skeleton of female : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. AJiraJiams.
272 A. Natural skeleton of female : mounted.
PvfU'iited hy Mr J. Abrahams.
Paroaria larvata.
Frhujilla larvata, Bodd. Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 4 (1783).
Paroaria dominicana, Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 471 (1850).
Paroaria larvata (KoM.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xii. p. 811
(1888).
The Red-headed Cardinal.
Hah, Brazil.
273. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 203G.
Family ALAUDID.E *.
Genus OTOCORYS.
Bonaparte, Nuovi Ann. Sci. Bologna, ii. p. 407 (1838).
Otocorys praticola.
Otooorys alpestris praticola, Henshaw, Auk, i. p. 263 (1884).
Otocorys praticola, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 539 (1890).
The Prairie Horned Lark.
HaJ). United States of America.
274. Sternum and coracoids. S. S. 1294.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
* For the osteology of the Common Horned Lark {O. aliKstris), cf. Shu-
feldt, Bull. U.S. Geol. Siin^ xii. p. 627, pi. iv. (1882), vi. p. 119," pi. iv.
(1881). Cf. also Garrod, P. Z. S. 1877, pp. 507, 512.
ALAUDIl)^.
61
Genus ALAUDA.
Liniiffius, Syst. Xat. i. p. 287 (1766).
Alauda arvensis.
Alauda arvensis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 287 (1766) ; Sharpc,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 5G7 (1890).
The Sky-Lark.
Hah. Europe.
275. Natural skeleton of male : mounted. 0. (J. 1576.
South Coll.
276. Skeleton. 0. C. 1576 A. Varrell Coll.
277. Skeleton. 0. C. 1576 B. Varrell Coll.
278. Skull of adult male. From the Alps. Purchased.
279. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 11:08. Furchased.
Genus LULLULA.
Kaup, Xatiirl. Syst. p. 92 (1829).
LuUula arborea.
Alauda arborea, Linnaeus, Syst, Xat. i. p. 287 (1766).
Lullula arborea (Linn.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 636
(1890).
The Wood-Laek.
Hah. Europe.
280. Skull of adult female. From the Alps. Purchased.
281. Sternum of male, with shoulder-oirdlo. S. S. 1935.
From (he Zoological Society.
62 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus GALERITA.
Eoie, Isis, 1828, p. 321.
Galerita cristata.
Alauda cristata, Linnaeus, S3'st. Nat. i. p. 288 (176G).
Galerita cristata (Linn.). Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 626
(1890).
The Crested Lark.
Hah. Europe.
282. Skull of male. From Bonn. Piii'chased.
Genus MIRAFRA.
Horsficld, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 159 (1821).
Mirafra horsfieldi.
Mirafra horsfieldi, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 1 ; Sharpe, Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 604 (1890).
Horsfield's Bush-Lark.
Hah. Australia.
283. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. New South Wales {E. F.
Ramsay). S. S. 1.367.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus PYRRHULAUDA.
Smith, Illustr. Zool. South Africa, Avcs, pL 24 (1839).
Pyrrhulauda leucotis.
Loxia leucotis, Stanlej- in Salt's Travels in Abyssinia, Appendix,
p. 59 (1814).
Pyrrhulauda leucotis (Stanl.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiii.
p. 657 (1890).
The White-eared Pinch-Lark.
Hah. N.E. Africa.
284. Natural skeleton of female : mounted.
Presented l»j ^fr. J. Ahrahams.
MOTACILLID.E. 63
285. Natural skeleton of male.
Presented hij Mr. J. AOruhams.
Family MOTACILLID^ *.
Genus MOTACILLA.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 328 (1766).
Motacilla lugubris.
MotaciUa Inrjuhris, Temminek, Man. d'Orn. i. p. 253 (1820) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 460 (1S85).
The Pied Wagtail.
Hah. Western Europe.
286. Skeleton. 0. C. 1582 b. Purchased.
287. Skull. 0. C. 158a. Purchased.
288. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1404. Purchaml.
Motacilla melanope.
Motacilla melanope, PaUas, Eeis. lluss. Eeichs, iii. App. p. 6y6
(1776); Sharps, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 497 (1885).
The Grey Wagtail.
Hah. The whole of Europe and Asia, wintering in the south.
289. Skeleton. O.C. 1582 c. Purchased.
Motacilla borealis.
Motacilla Jiava horealis, Sundcv. (Efv. K. Vct.-Akad. Fiirh. Stockh.
1840, p. 53.
Motacilla horealis, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 522, pi. vii.
figs. 1-3 (1885).
The Indian Field- Wagtail.
* For remarks upon the osteohjgy of the genus Anthus, cf. Sbufeldt, Bull.
Nutt. Orn. Club (Cambridge, U. S.), vol. vii. no. 4, Oct. I88i', p. ^Ib, also
.Journ. Morphology (U. S.), vol. iii. no. 1, p. 96, June 1889.
64 PICO-PASSERES.
Motacilla borealis.
Hah. Northern Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in Africa
and India.
290. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wanting left coracoid
and scapula), S. S 1881.
Presented hi) Di\ J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus ANTHUS.
Bechstein, Naturg. Deutschl. ill. p. 704 (1807).
An thus pratensis.
Anthus pratensis, Linnaius, Syst Nat. i. p. 287 (1766) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 580 (1885).
The Meadow-Pipit.
Hah. Europe.
291. Skull of male. From Silesia. Purcliased.
292. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting furculum and left
coracoid and scapula). S. S. 1405. Purcliased.
Anthus campestris.
Anthus campestris, Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 288 (1766) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 569 (1885).
The Tawny Pipit.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in India and
Africa.
293. Skull of male. From Silesia. Purcliased.
Anthus spipoletta.
Alauda spipoUtta, LiuuKus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 288 (1766).
Anthus spipoletta (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 592 (1885).
The Alpine Pipit.
Hah. Europe.
294. Skull of male. From Gcrnumy. Purchased.
:MXioTir/riii.^. 65
Family MNIOTILTID^^ *.
Genus SEIURUS.
Swninson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 171 (1S27).
Seiurus aurocapillus.
Motacilla auricapilla, Linnaius, Syst. Xat. i. p. 334 (1760).
Seiurus auricapiUus (L.), Sharpe, Cat, B. livit. Mus. x. p. 339
(1885).
The Golden-headed Warbler.
Hah. North America.
295. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male, wanting left coracoid
and scapula (keel of sternum damaged). S. S. 1430,
Presented }>ij the Smithsonian Institution.
Seiurus motacilla.
Turdus inotucilla,\\Q\\\oi, Ois. Anier. Sept. ii. p. 9, pi. 65 (1807).
Seiurus motacilla (VieilL), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 342
(1885).
The Louisiana Water-Thrlsh.
Hah. North America.
296. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of female (wanting left coracoid
and both scapulfe). S. S. 1421).
Present c(l A// tlw Snilt/isoniitn Institution.
(Jenus DENDRGBCA.
Gray, List Gen. 1S42, App. p. 8.
Dendroeca aestiva.
Motacilla astiva, Gmeliii, Syst. Nat. i. p. 996 (1788).
Dendroeca cestiva (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 273 (1885).
* For observations upon the osteology of several species of the genera
Dendroeca, Panda, Mniotilfa, Seiurus, Certhia, and Sifta, cf. Shufeldt, " Con-
tributions to the Comparative Osteology of the Families of N orth-American
Passeres," Jouvn. Morph. (U. S.) vol. iii. no. 1, June 1889, and vol. iii. no. -3,
.1889.
PAKT 111. F
66 riCO-PASSRRES.
Dendroeca aestiva.
The Yellow Warbler.
Hah. North America.
297. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wantinor left coracoid
and clavicle and both scapula). S. S. 1427.
Presented hij the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus PARXJLA.
Eonaparte, Comp. List B. Eur. & X. Amer. p. 20 (1838).
Farula americana.
Parus americanus, Liuuasus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 311 (1766).
Panda americana (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 257 (1 885).
The Yelloay-backed Blue Warbler.
Hah. North America.
298. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1431.
Presented h\j the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus MNIOTILTA.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 45 (181G).
Mniotilta varia.
Motacilla varia, Liiina;us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 333 (1766).
Mniotilta varia (L.), Sliarpe, Cat. B, Brit. Mus. x. p. 251 (]8S5>.
The Black-and- White Warbler.
Hah. North America.
299. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1428.
Presented hij the Smithsoni<(n Inslilution.
CKUTiiiin.K. 67
F:nnily ('ERTHIIDJ^.
(Jenus CERTHIA.
Liiintcus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 1S4 (17G0).
Certhia familiaris.
Certlna familiaris^ Linnipus, loc. ci.f. ; Gadow, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.
viii. p. 323 (1883).
The Common Creeper.
JI((I>. Europe.
300. Skeleton. O.C.I 535b. Purchaml.
301. 302. Skulls of males. Froui the Alps. Purchased.
3C3, 304. Skulls of females. From the Alps. Purchased.
305. Skull. 0. C. 1535. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
306. Sternum and shoulder-oinlle (wanting left clavicle and
scapula). S. S. 1409. Purchased.
Geinis SALPORNIS.
Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 7.
Salpornis spilonota.
Certhia spihuota^ Praukliu, I'roc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 121.
Salpornis apilnnnla. Gates, Fauna Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 333
(1889).
The Spotted Grey Creeper.
Hah. Indian Peninsula.
307. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of female (wanting left sca-
pula). S. S. 1914. Preseniedlnj Dr. J. Aralerson, F.P.S,
F 2
68 rico-PAssKREs.
Genus SITTA*.
Liiinicus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 177 (17<)B).
Sitta csesia.
Sitta casia. Wolf, Taschenb. Dciilsch. Yogelk. i. p. 128 (1810) ;
Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 17-">, pi. Hi* (1873).
The Common Nuthatch.
Hah. Soutliern and Central Europe to Asia Minor.
308. Natural skeleton (toes imperfect). 0. C. 15o(3.
South Collection.
309. Natural skeleton : niountetl. O.C. 153(3 B.
YarreU CoUerfion.
310. Sternum and shoulder-oinlle (wanting left sca])ula).
S. S. 1398. FnrchaseiL
Genus SITTELLA.
Swainson, Class, li. ii. p. 317 (1837).
Sittella pileata.
SittcUa jnleata, Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oe. 1837, p. 159 ; id. Handb.
B. Austr. i. p. 612 (1865).
The Black-capped Nuthatch.
JI<(h. Australia.
311. Skeleton. 0. C. 1.533. ffiinferuin.
Sittella chrysoptera.
Sitfella ehrysopifra, Latham, lud. Urn. Suppl. p. xxxii (1801) ;
Gould, Handb. B. i^ustr. i. p. 609 (1865).
The Orange-winged Nuthatch.
ILih. Australia.
312. Sternum and shoulder-o;ii*dle (wanting right sCapula).
Dobroyde, N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1G96.
Presented hij Dr. P. P. Ramsay.
* Cf. F. A. Lucas, Troc. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiii. p. 3.37.
DlC.KIOJi. 69
Genus CLIMACTERIS.
Temmiiiek, Man. d'Oni. ji. Ixxxv (^ImJii).
Climacteris leucophsea.
Certhid leucopha^it, Latham, liid. Urn. Sappl. p. xxxvi (ISO I).
Climacteris leucoplicpa (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. (500
(1865).
The White-throateu Creeper.
Hah. Australia.
313. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Dobroyde, N. 8. \\ .
(^E. P. Ramsai/).
Presented hj P. L. ScJafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Family DK^.EIILE.
(knus PARDALOTUS.
Vielliot, Analyse, p. :31 (181G).
Pardalotus affinis.
PurdidotHS affinis, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. -o ; Sha;-i)0,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 57 (1885).
The Tasmanian Diamond-bird.
Hab. Tasmania and Southern Australia.
314. iSternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Dobroyde, N. S.
Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 945.
Presented l>;i I'. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus MELIORNIS.
Gray, List Gen. B. 1840, p. I'J.
Meliornis novae hoUandiae.
C'erthia novce ludlaadicp, Latham, Ind. Urn. p. 290.
Meliornis novce hollandiie (L.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. -186
(1865).
The New-Holland Honey-eater.
Hah. Australia.
315. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Dobroyde, X. S. W.
Presented hi/ Dr. E. P. Ramsni/.
70 PK'O-PASSEKES.
Meliornis novae hoUandise.
316. Skeleton. O.C. 1589 c. (JonUl CulUriinn.
Meliornis longirostris.
Meliphcuja longirontris, Gould, Pi'oc. Zool. Soc. J 846, p. 83.
Meliornis hmjirostris, Gould, Haiidb. B. Austr. i. p. 488 (1865).
The Long-billed Honey-eater.
Hah. Western Australia.
317. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 158i» A.
Gould Collection.
Meliornis sericea.
Melipluuia sericea, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 144.
Meliornis sericea, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 490 (1865).
The White-cheeked Honey-eater.
Ilah. Australia.
318. Sternum of female, with sboulder-o;irdle. Dobroyde,
N„ S. W. [E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 950.
Presented hi) P. L. Sclafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus LICHMERA.
Cabauis, Mus. Hein. i. p. 118 (185U),
Lichmera australasiana.
Certhia australasiana, Shaw, Gen. Zool, viii. p. 226 (1812).
Lichmera australasiana (Shaw), Gould, Haudb. B. Austr. i. p. 403
(1865).
The Tasmanian Honey-eater.
Huh. Tasmania.
319. Skeleton. From Hobart Town. Tasmania. 0. C. 1589 B.
(joidd Colhrtion.
DKVElD/t:. 71
(;. nus GLYCIPHILA.
Swainson, Class. !>. ii. p. 'A'2(') (1S37).
Glyciphila fulvifrons.
Certhin fulrifrons, Lcwiti, Xat. Hist. New South Wales, p]. 22
(1822).
Ghjciphila fulvlfruna (Lewiii), (loukl, Haiidb. B. Austr. i. p. 495
(1865). '
The Pulvous-fronted Honey-eater.
Ilah. South Australia.
320. Skcletou. Froui Western Australia. 0. C. IT^SD K.
Gould Collection.
321. Sternum, with shouUler-oirdle. Sydney, N. S. W. {E. P.
liaitisatj). S. S. 10S5.
Presented hij P. L. Sclafer, Es(/., F.R.S.
Genus STIGMATOPS.
Gould, M. Austr. i. p. oOO.
Stigmatops subocularis.
GIi/cij)Jiila'? suhoeularis, Gould, I'roc. Zool. ^'oc. 18^57, p. 154.
Sti(j}ii(ttops suhoeularis, Gould, loc. cit.
The Least Honey-eater.
Hah. Western Australia.
322. Skeleton. From Western Australia. O, C. 1589 f.
Goidd Collection.
Genus PTILOTIS.
Swainson, Class. B. ii. p. 32G (1837).
Ptilotis flavigula.
ri'ihtisjl(ivi(iv((i, (n)uld, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1838, p. 24 ; id. llandh.
B. Austr. i. p. 508 (18()5).
The Yellow-throa-Ted Honey-eater.
Il<(l). Tasmania.
323. Skeleton. From lluhart Town, Tasmania. 0. C. 1580 E.
Could Collection.
72 nro-PAssEHEs.
Ptilotis ornata.
Ftilotis ornata, Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1838, p. '24 ; id. Handl».
B. Anstr. i. p. 515.
The Gkaceful Honey-eatek.
//((/'. South and Westei'ii Australia.
324. Skeleton. AVestern Australia. 0. (MnSDD.
GoithI Collection.
Ptilotis fusca.
MelipJiatja fvsca, Gould, Synopsis 11 Austr. pt. ii.
Ptilotis fusca (Gould), Gadow, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ix. p. 229 (188-1).
The Puscous Honey-eater.
Hah. From Rockingham Bay to New South AVales and
Victoria.
325. Sternum. Dobrovde, N. S. W. [E. F. Ramscvi). S. S.
951. ^Presented % F. L. Sclater, Es>j., F.R.S.
Genus XANTHOMYZA.
Swainson, Class. B. ii. p. ;j27(1837).
Xanthomyza phrygia.
Mo-ops plir)j(jii(s, Latham, Ind. Orn. 8ui)pl. p. xxxiv (1801 ).
XaiitJiomi/za phrtiijia (Lath.), Gould, Haudb. B. Austr. i. p. 527
(1865).
The Warti -faced Honeys-eater.
Hah. Eastern Australia.
326. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Dobroyde,
X. S. AV. {E. F. Fanim/j). S. S. 948.
Presented hy F. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus ACANTHOCH.ffiRA.
Vigors and Horsficid, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 320 (1826).
i>U'.i<:ii>it;, 73
Acanthochaera carunculata.
Merops carutuuldtan, LaUiuui, liul. Oiu. i. p. 270 (ITUU).
Antliochcera carunculata, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 138 (1865).
The Wattled Honey-eater.
Hah. Eastern and Soutlicrn Australia, and Tasmania.
327. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1589 G.
Gould Collection.
328. Hyoidean ai-ch, with " hrusli "-tongue attached.
329. KSternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. IS. 930.
Clarence River, N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay).
Preseuti'd Inj P. L. Sclater, Enq., F.R.S.
Genus ANELLOBIA.
Cabanis, Mus. Heiii. Th. i. p. 120 (1850).
Anellobia lunulata.
Anthcchcrra lunulata, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 153.
Anello'iia lunidafa, Gould, Handb. B. Ausstr. i. ]). 543 (18(55).
The Lunulated Honey-eater.
Ilah. Western Australia.
330. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1589 H.
Gould CoUeclion.
Geuus TROPIDORHYNCHUS.
Vigors and Horsfiold, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 823 (1820).
Tropidorhynchus corniculatus.
Merops cornicidatxis, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. ]). 270 (170<i).
Tropidorhynchus cornictdattis (Lath.), Gould, Handb. li. Austr. i.
p. 545 (1865).
The Eriar Bird.
Ilah. Eastern Australia.
331. Skeleton. 0. C. 1589 r. From Grafton. Clarence Kiver,
N. S. AY. Presented In/ C. E. Porter, Es<j.
332. Skull. 0. ('. 1541 b. Presented hj C. E. /'orler, Esq.
74 rico-rAssEREs.
Genu- ACANTHORHYNCHUS.
Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1837, p. 24.
Acanthorhynchus superciliosus.
AcanfhorJit/ncJius sKpcrciliosns, Gould, Proc, Zool. Soc. 1837,
p. 24 ; id. Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 553 (1865).
The White-etebrowed Honey-eater.
Hah. Western and South-western Australia.
333. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1589 I. .
Gould Collection.
Genus MYZOMELA *.
Vigors and Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 310 (1S2(J).
Myzomela nigra.
^L/zomela nigra, Gonld, h. Aubtr. part 2 (ciincelled), 1838; id.
Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 558.
The Black Honey-eater.
Ilah. The o-reater part of Australia.
334. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1589 l.
Gould Collection.
Myzomela sanguinolenta.
Certliia saiKjuinoIetita, Latham, Ind. Oru. Suppl. p. xxxvii (1801).
Myzomela sanguinolenta (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 555
'(1865).
The Blood-red Honey- eater.
Ilab. Australia.
335. Sternum of male, ^vith shoulder-girdle. Dohroyde, N. S. AY.
{E. P. E<(msu>/). S. S. 952.
F resented In/ F. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* Cf. Foibf.s, r. Z. S. 187'J, pp. i'.")0, I'-ir.
jnCA'AVM.
75
Gliuis entomyza.
Swaiusou, Class. Birds, ii. p. 328 (1S37).
Entomyza cyanotis.
GmmU cyanotis, Latham, Incl. Orn. Suppl. p. sxix (1801).
Entomiiza cyanoUs (Lath.), Gould, Hundb. B. Austr. i. p. 5G0
(1865).
The Blue-faced Honey-eater.
J Jab. Eastern Australia.
336. Sternum of female, with slioulder-girdle. Clarence lliver,
N. S. W. {E. F. Ramsay). S. S. 923.
Presented hj P. L. Sclater^ Esq., F.R.S.
Genus MELITHREPTUS.
Yieillot, Analyse, p. 40 (181(3).
Melithreptus validirostris.
Hoimatops validirostris, Gould, P. Z. S. 1836, p. 144.
Melithreptus validirostris, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 565
(18G5).
The Strong-billed Honey-eater.
JIah. Tasmania and Australia.
337. Skeleton. From Flinder"s Island, Australia. O.C.
1589 N. Gould Colli'dion.
Melithreptus melanocephalus.
Melithreptus wchuwcephalus, Gould, 1*. Z. S. 1845, p. 62; id.
Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 207 (1865).
The Black-headed Honey-eater.
Hab. Tasmania.
338. Skeleton. From llohart Town, Tasmania. 0. C 1589 0.
Gould Colleclioii.
76 rico-rAssERES.
(xenus MYZANTHA.
Vigors and Horstield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 310 (1S2()).
Myzantha garrula.
Mrro23s (jarridus, Latham, Ind. Orn. SuppL p. xxiv (1801).
Mi/zantha garrula (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 57-4
'(1865). '
The Garrulous Honey-eater.
Hah. Southern Australia and Tasmania.
339. Skeleton. From Hobart Town, Tasmania. 0. C. 1589 m.
Gould Collection.
Genus PROSTHEMADERA.
Gray, List Gen. Birds, p. 3 (lS4tt).
Prosthemadera novae zealandiae.
Merops novoi-zealandke, Gmelin, f^yst. Nat. i. ]>. 404 (1788).
Prosthemadera novce-zcalandue (Gm.), BuUer, Birds of New Zea-
land, i. p. 94 (1888).
The Tui ou Parson Bird.
Ilab. New Zealand.
340. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
P resoded hij Mr. J. Ahraltams.
341. Natural skeleton. -Presented h>j Mr. J. Abrahams.
Family PARID.E*.
Genus PARUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. N^at. i. p. 34u (17<J0).
Parus major.
Parns major, Linnfeiis, Syst. Nat. i. p. 341 (1760); Dresser,
Birds Eur. iii. p. 70, p]. ]O0 (1871).
The Great Titmouse.
* Cf. Sliufeldt, K. W., " On the Position of Chamcen in the System,"
.louru. Morpli. iii. pp. 47o-502 ; also Lucas, F. A., " Notes on the Osteology
of the Paridfp, Sitfa, and Vhamccn;' Troc. U.S. Nat. Mas. xiii. pp. 3.-37-340,
pi. xxvii.
PAKID.E. 77
H(tl>. Eurojie, Asia Minor, and Sit)('ria.
342. ^'atnral .skcli^on : moimTcd. (). C. 157") a.
y (irn'Il Collection.
343. Skeleton. 0. (\ 1575 B. Purchased.
344. Skeleton of female, froni Ikidino- jMiJl, Noi'tlninilx rlaiid.
0. C. 1575 1). Fresenfcd hy tlw Her. ]f. If. Slater.
345. Skull. 0. C. 1575. F resented In/ Dr. Leach.
346. Sternu ni and shoulder-girdle (wanting left scapula and
fnrcula). S. S. 1401. Purchased.
Parus caeruleus.
Farus (-(eruleuK, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 341(1760); Dresser,
Birds Eur. iii. p. 131, pi. 113(1871); Eyton, Osteol. Av. p. 109,
pi. xvii. tig. 4.
The Blue Titmouse.
Hah. Central and Southern Europe to x4..sia Minor.
347. Skeleton of yonng. 0. ('. 1575c. Purchased.
Parus britannicus.
Parus britannicus, Sharpe & Dresser, Ann. & Mug. N. H. (4) viii.
p. 437 (1871); iifl.. Birds Eur. iii. p. 9:5, pi. ]07. fig. :>
(1872).
The British Coal Titmouse.
IIal>. England.
348. Skeleton of male, from Riding Mill, Northumherland.
O. ( \ 1575 E. Presented by the Per. II. II. Slater.
349. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1254. Purchased.
Genus LOPHOPHANES.
Kaup, Natiirl. 8yst. p. 'J2 (182!)).
LiOphophanes cristatus.
Parus cristatus, Linnaeus, Faun. Suec. p. 97 (1761).
Lophophanes cristatus (Linn.), Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 1.51,
pi. 11. "3 (1871).
78 PICO-PASSERRS.
Lophophanes cristatus.
The Crested Titmouse.
Hah. Europe.
350. Skull of male. From the Alps. Pvrcl(i!^ed.
351. Skull of male. From South Germauv. Purcliazed.
Genus ACREDULA.
Koch, Syst. baier. Zool. p. 199 (181G).
Acredula caudata.
Parus caudatus, Lianaius, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 342 (1766).
Acredula caudata (Linu.), Dresser, Birds Eur. iii. p. 67, pi. 104
(1872).
The Long-tailed Titmouse.
Hah. Northern and (Jentral Europe.
352. Skull of male. From the Alps. Purchased.
353. Skull of female. From the Alps. Pitrchased.
354. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1402. Purchased.
Genus PANURUS.
Koch, Syst. baier. Zool. p. 201 (1816).
Panurus biarmicus.
Parus hiarmicvs, Linna3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 342 (1766).
Panurus hiarmicus (Linn.), Brit. Orn. LTnion List Brit. B. p. 24
(1883).
The Beauded Titmouse.
Hah. Europe and Central Asia.
355. Sternum and shoulder-oirdle of male, wanting left coracoid
and scapula. S. S. 2149. From the Zoological Society.
KEGT'LTD.K. — T.AKIID.T:. 79
Family REGULID^.
Genus REGULUS.
Cuvier, Le(]on.s Anat. Comp. i. table 2 (1800) ; llegne
Auira. i. p. :369 (1817).
Regulus cristatus.
Ref/uh's cristatus, Koch, Syst. baicr. Zool. p. 199 (1816) ; Dresser,
Birds Eur. ii. p. 4.53, pL 71 (1874).
The Goldcrest.
Hah. Europe, North Africa, Northern Asia to Japan.
356. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1579 a.
Yarrell Collection.
357. Skeleton. O.C. 1579 b. Purchased.
358. Skull. 0. C. 1579. Presented h}j I) t\ Leach.
359. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting left coracoid and
scapula). S. S. K399. Purchased.
Family LANlIDiE ^.
Genus FALCUNCULUS.
Yieillot, Analyse, p. 4U (ISIG).
Falcunculus leucogaster.
Falcuin-ulas lennit/asfrr, (iould, P. /. S. 1 >;.i7, p. 144; id. Haudb.
B. Anstr. i. j). '22'.) (LStJo).
The White-bellied Shuike-Tit.
Ilab. Western Australia.
360. Skeleton. From Western Australia. O.C. 1597c.
Gould Collection.
Falcunculus frontatus.
Lnnius frontatus, Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. xviii (1801).
Falciinndus frontatus (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 228
(1865).
The Prontal Shrike-Tit.
* For the osteolofry of Laniidcc, cf, Shufeldt, Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. vi.
p. 351.
80
PICO-PASSRRES.
Falcunculus frontatus.
Hall. Southern and Western Australia.
361. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Clarence River
{E. P.Ramsay). S. S. 939.
Presented hy P. L. Sctater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus LANIUS *.
LinnjEUS, Sj^st. Nat. i. p. 135 (1766).
A. Olfactory capsule fully ossified; external opening oval.
B, Posterior extremity of palatines prolonged and with a spine-
like extension of internal angle.
Fio-. 20.
Fiir. 19.
Fig. 19. — Lateral view (enlaroed) of cranium of Lanius e.vcubitor, to show
the bony olfactory capsule, the slight!}^ developed front.al zygomatic
process, and the long and broad-based squamosal.
Fig. 20. — Ventral view of palate, to show the spinous prolongation of the
inner posterior angle nf the palatine.^. Letters as before.
Lanius minor.
Lanius minor, Cimelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. oOS (17S8) ; Dresser, E.
Eur. iii. p. :39:3, pi. 149 (1872).
The Lesser Grey Shrike.
Hah. Central Europe and Africa.
362. Skull of male. Prussia.
Purchased.
* The bony siphonium is present in Lanius.
r-ANiTi).i*;. 81
Lanius excubitor.
Lanins e.rcubitOi\ Linmcus, Svst. Xat. i. p. I'-io (17'iG) ; Dresser,
B. Eur. iii. p. ;i7o, pi. 145 (1871).
The Great Grey Shrike.
/f(il>. Euro})e.
363. Skeleton: mounted. O.C. IGOOa. Yarrell Collection.
364. Skull of male. From Grermuny. PtircJiased.
365. Skull of female. From Germany. Pitrcliised.
366. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting left coracoid and
scapula). S. S. 833. Purchased.
Lanius collyrio.
Lanius coUurio, Linnaeus, 8yst. Xat. i. p. 136 (1760); Dresser, B.
Eur. iii. p. 399, pi. 150 (1872) ; Eytou, Osteol. Av. pi. xi. f.
The Red-backed Shrike.
Hah. Europe ; North Africa to Asia Minor.
367. Skeleton. 0.(^ 1600 b. YarrellColU-fion.
368. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
369. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Prom the Zooloi/ical Societij.
370. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting left coracoid and
scapula). S. S. 834. Purchased.
Lanius magnirostris.
Lanius magnirostris, Lesson, Voy. Belang. et Compl. Buff. ii.
p. 415 (1834) ; Duvid & Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 97 (1877).
The Large-billed Shrike.
Ilah. Eastern Siberia, China, and Malay Peninsula.
371. Skeleton. From Chcfoo, China. 0. C. IGOO C.
1' resented by Consul Swinhoe, P.R.S.
TART III. G
82 nCO-PASSERES.
Genus STREPERA.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 330 (1831).
Strepera graculina.
oorviis graculinns. White, Voy. New South Wales, App. p. 251
(1790).
Strepera graculina (White), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 57
(1877).
The Pied Crow-Sheike.
Hah. Eastern Australia.
372. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0, C. 1542 (caudal vertebra?
deficient). Gould Collection.
373. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Clarence River,
N. 8. W. {E. P. Ramsay) . S. S. 1073.
Presented h/ P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Strepera arguta.
Strepera arguta, Gould, P. Z. S. 1846, p. 19 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Bnr.
Mus. iii. p. 59 (1877).
The Hill Crow-Shrike.
Ilah. Tasmania.
374. Skeleton, from Tasmania. O.C. 1542 a. Gould Collection.
Genus GYMNORHINA*.
Gray, List Gen. B. p. 37 (1840).
Gymnorhina organicum.
Gymnorhina organicum, Gould, Birds Austr. ii. pi. 48 (1848); id.
Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 178 (1865).
The Tasmanian Crow-Shrike.
Hah. Tasmania.
375. Natural skeleton : mounted (toes defective). 0. C 1545.
Gould Collection.
* A skeleton of Gj/mnorhina Iciicotiotd is figured by Dr. IMever in liis
' Abbildungen von Viigel-Skeletten,' pi. xxix.
LANIID.K. 83
Genus CRACTICUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. ;>7 (ls>Hi).
Cracticus nigrigularis.
Vanja nii/ror/idtiris, Gould, F. Z. >S. ISIjij, p. 14'{ ; l*]yfcnn, Osbnol.
Av. p. 128.
Cracticus nigrogalaris, Gould, Haiidb. B. Austr. i. p. 180 (1805).
The Black-throated Crow-Shrike.
Hah. Southern and Eastern Australia.
376. Skeleton of male. Presented !>>/ Air. ./. AhraftKins.
377. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Clarence River,
N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 918.
Presented h/ P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Cracticus cinereus.
Vanga cinerea, Gould, P. Z. S. I83(j, p. 143.
Cracticus cinereus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 180 (1805).
The Cinereous Crow-Shrike.
Hah. Tasmania.
378. Skull from Tasmiinia. Gould Colh'din,K
379. Skull from Tasmania. Gould Collect /mi.
380. Skull from Tasmania. Gould Collect inn.
Genus STRUTHIDEA.
Gould, r. Z. S. l.s;:!(;. p. 143.
Struthidea cinerea.
Htrutliidea cinerea, Gould, loc. ri(. ; Sliarpc, Cat. B. Brit. Mu.s. iii.
p. 140 (1877).
The Grey Crow-Shrike.
Hal). AustraHa ; New South Wales to Victoria, and north to
the Gulf of Carj)entaria ('/. liamsay, Tab. List Austr. B. p. 12).
381. ►Skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. J. Alirahnms.
382. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C. ir)55A. Gould Collection.
g2
84 PIC'O-PASSERES.
Genus COLLYRIOCIlXrCLA.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 214 (1825).
CoUyriocincla rectirostris.
Colluricincla recti.rosfris', Jardine & Selby, 111. Orn. iv. pi. xxi.
(c. 1837).
Colluiivincla selhii, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 224 (1865).
Colh/riocincla reciircstns (J. & S.), Sharpe, Cat, B. Brit. Mus. iii.
p. 291 (1877).
Selby's Shrike-Thrush.
If((]i. Tasmania.
383. Skeleton. 0. C. 1597 a. Goidd CoUection.
Genus PINAROLESTES.
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 29.'j (1877).
Pinarolestes rufiventris.
Colluricincla rufof/aster *, Gould, P. Z. S. 1845, p. 80.
Pinarolestes nijt(/ast<r (Gould). Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii.
p. 296 (1877).'
The Rusty-breasted Shrike-Thrush.
Hdh. Northern Australia.
384. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. W. {E. P. Eamsai/). S. S. 940.
Pres^etifed hij P. L. Sclater, Es.j., F.R.S.
Genus OREOICA.
Gould, P.Z. S. 1837, p. 151.
Oreoica crlstata.
Turdus cnstaiiis, Lewin, Birds N. 8. W. pi. 9 (1822).
Falcunculiis [/uttKralis, Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv.
p. 212 (1826).
Oreoica gutturalis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 231 (1865).
* Vo.r hyhrida.
LANIID.l':. 85
The Chested Thickeeau.
Hah. Southern Australia.
385. Skeleton. O.C. 155)7 jj. Gould Collect Ivn.
Genus PACHYCEPHALA.
Yit^'ors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 238 (182G).
Pachycephala olivacea.
rachycejjhala olivacea, Vigors and llorslield, Traus. Linn. Soc. xv.
p. 241 (1826); Gould, Handb. ^^. Austr. i. p. 218 (18G5).
The Olivaceous Thickheaj).
Ilah. Tasmania and Flinders Island, Bass's Straits.
386. Skeleton, from Tasmania. 0.('. 1578 a. Gould Collection
Pachycephala gutturalis.
Turdus gutturalis, Latham, Ind. Orn. SuppL p. xli (1801).
Puchi/cephcda (jutturalis (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 20
(1865) ; Eyton, Osteol. Av. p. 124.
The White-thkoated Thickhead.
IJub. Southern Australia.
387. Skeleton, from Tasmania. O. C. 1578 B. Gould Collection.
Genus EOPSALTRIA.
Swainson, Classitic. JUrds, ii. p. 25D (1S37).
Eopsaltria australis.
MotacUla australis, White, Voy. jS^cw South Wales, App. p. 23!',
pL (17*J0).
Eoijsaltria australis (AVhite), Gould, Handb. li. Austr. i. p. 2'J3
(1865\
The Yellow-bueasted Robin-Shrike.
86 PICO-PASSERES.
Eopsaltria australis.
Hal). Western and Southern Australia.
388. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. George's River
{E. P. Rammij). S. S. 944.
Presented h/ P. L. Srlater, Esq., F.R.S.
Eopsaltria griseogularis.
Eopsaltria fjriseo(jal(trls, Gould, P. Z. 8. 1837, p. 144 ; id. Handb.
B. Austr". i. p.' 294 (1865).
The Grey-breasted Robin-Shrike.
Hah. Western Australia.
389. Skeleton, from Western Australia. 0. 0. 1578 C.
Gould CoUection,
Family AMPELID^ *.
Genus AMPELIS.
Limneus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 21)7 (17<)(J).
Ampelis garrulus.
Ampelis garrulus, Linnaeus, I. c. ; iSharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. x.
p. 212 (1885).
The Waxwing or Waxen Chatterer.
Hal>. Europe, Northern Asia, North America.
390. Natural skeleton of male: mounted. From Siberia.
Presented Inj Mr. J. Ahrahanis.
391. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1578D.
Yarrell Collection.
393. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2183.
From the Zoological Societij.
* For a complete account of the osteology of Ampelis cedrormn, ef. Shu-
feldt, " Studies of the Macroehiies, Morphological aud otherwise, with the
view of indicating their relationships and defining their several positions in
the System,'" .Jdurn. Linn. Soe. (Lond(in), Zoology, vol. xx. ISSS, pp. 299-3U4,
pis. xvii.-xxiv.
'I'CUDID.K.
87
FMinily TUKDJD.E.
Genu« SYLVIA.
Scop. Ann. i. p. 154 (ITO'Jj.
Sylvia hortensis.
MolaciUa hurtensin, Bechst. Naturg. Deutt^clll. iv. p. 550 ( 17'.»5).
Sylvia Jiortensis (Bechst.), Scebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 1 1
(1881).
The Garden- Warbler.
Hah. Europe, wintering in Africa.
393. Natural skeleton. 0. C. 1581 B. Yarrell Cullecttoa.
Sylvia atricapilla.
Motacilla atricapiUa, Linna3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. J332 (1766).
S>/lvia atrica/iUa (L.), Scebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 23 (1881).
The Blackcap Warbler.
Ilah. Europe, wintering in Nortb-eastern and Western Africa.
394. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1581 P.
From the Zoological Socieftj, 1885.
Genus PHYLLOSCOPUS.
Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 972.
Phylloscopus borealis.
Phyllopueuste horealls, Blasius, Naum. 1858, p. 313.
Phylloscopus borealis (Blasius), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v.
p. 40 (1881).
The Arctic Willow-Warbler.
Hah. Northern Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in the
Burmese countries and the Indo-Malayan region.
395. Skeleton. From Chcioo. O.C. 1581g.
Presented hji Consul R. Sivinhoe, F.ll.S.
396. Skeleton. FromC'hefoo. O. ('. 1581 ii.
Presented hij Consul I\. S(cin/ioe, F./i'.S.
88 rjco-PAssEiiEs.
Phylloscopus trochilus.
MotacUla trochilus, Liuua;us, Syst. Xat. i. p. 338 (1706).
Phylloscopus trochilus (L.), Seebolim, Cat. E. Urit. Mus. v. p. 56
(1881).
The AVillow- Warbler.
Ilah. Europe and Western Siberia, wintering in South Africa.
397. Skeleton. 0. C. 1581 e. Purchased.
398. Sternum, with shoiilder-oirdle, S. S. 1256. Pitrchased.
Genus ACANTHIZA.
Vigors & Horsfield, Traus. Linn. 8oc. xv. p. 224 (1826).
Acanthiza nana.
Acanthiza nana, Vig. & Horst'. Trans. Linn. Hoc. xv. p. 226
(1826); Sharpe, Cat. B. Erit. Mus. ^•ii. p. 292 (1883).
The Little Warbler.
Ilah. Southern Australia.
399. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Freseutcd !>// Dr. E. P. Ilamsaij.
Genus ACROCEPHALUS.
Naumann, Nat, Land- u. Wasservog. niirdl. Deutscbl.
Nachtr. iv. p. 199 (1811).
Acrocephalus australis.
Acrocephalus australis, Gould, Birds of Austr. iii. pi. 37 (1847) ;
Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, v. p, 100 (1881).
Calamoherpe australis (Gould), Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. E. p. 10
(1888).
The Australian E-eed- Warbler.
Ilah. Australia, from Southern Queensland to New South
Wales and South Australia.
400. Sternum of male with shoulder-girdle, wanting left
clavicle. S. S. 1372. Eichmond River, N.S.W. (E. P.
Ratiisaj). Presenied Uij P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
TUUL)1D.E. 89
Genus OREOCICHLA.
Gould, P.Z. »S. 1637, p. 145.
Oreocichla lunulata.
Turdas lunulutus, Latham, lad. Orn. Suppl. p. xlii. (1801).
Oreocincla lunulata (Lath.), Gould, B. Austr. iv. pi. vii. (1848).
GeocicJila lunulata (Lath.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 155
(1881).
The South- Australian Ghound-Thrush.
Uab. From tlui Wide Bay district to New South Wales and
South Australia.
401. St(irnuni, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 928.
-Presented hij F. L. Sclater, Ji!s(j., F.M.S.
Genus GEOCICHLA.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. Is36, p. 7.
Geocichla cyanonotus.
Turdas CTjanotus, Jardine & Selby, 111. Orn. i. pi. 46 (18:28).
Geocichla cyanonotus (J. & S.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v.
p. 172 (1881).
The White-throated Ground-Thrush.
Ilah. Central and Southern India.
402. Sternum, with shotilder- girdle. S. S. 1895.
Presented by Dr. Anderson, F.R.S.
Geocichla citrina.
Turdus citrinus, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 350 (17^)0).
Petrocincla cyanota {nee Jard.), Hodgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 83
(1844).
Geocichla citrina (Lath.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 172
(1881).
The Orange-headed Ground-Thrush.
Hah. Himala_yas, wintering in the Burmese countries, the
Indian Peninsula, and Ceylon.
403. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal (s. n. Petro-
cincla cyanota). Presented Jiy B. U. llodyson, Fs<j.
90
PICO-PAiSSERES.
Genus TURDUS.
Liniucus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 291 (1766).
Lateral view of cranium of Turdus pilaris, enlarged. Letters as before.
Turdus iliacus.
Turdus iliacus, Linnaeus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 292 ; Seebohm, Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. V. p. 189 (1881).
The Redwing.
Ilab. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in Southern
Europe.
404. Skeleton of male. Presented hij Mr. T. Devonshire.
405. Skull of male. From South Germany. Purcltased.
406. Skull of female. From Bonn. Purchased.
407. Skull. 0. C. 151)4. Presented l>u Dr. Leach.
Turdus musicus.
Turdus musicus, Linnoeiis, Bj'st. Nat. i. p. 292 (1766) : Seebohm,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 191 (1881).
The Song-Thrush.
Ilah. Europe and Western Siberia.
408. Skeleton of male. Presented hij Mr. T. Devonshire.
409. Skeleton. 0. C. 15itoA. I'mrhased.
TrintiD/E.
91
410. Skeleton of young. O. ('. l.")l)2 a.
411. Cranium. 0. C. 1598. Presented hij Dr. Le(M:h.
412. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1250.
Presented hij Prof. Parker, P.R.S.
Turdus viscivorus.
Turdus viscivorus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 291 (1766); Seebohm,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 194 (1881).
The Missel-Thrush.
Hah. Europe and Siberia, as far south as Southern Persia
and the Himalaya?.
413. Skeleton. U. C. 1593 d. Riding Mill, Northumberland.
Presented Inj the Rev. II. II. Slater.
414. Skull of female. South Germany. Purchased.
Turdus pilaris.
Turdus xiUaris, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 291 (1766) ; Seebohm,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 205 (1881).
The Eieldpare.
Ilah. Europe and Western Siberia, wintering in Southern
Ei;rope.
415. Skull. Presented hij Mr. II. Sawi/er.
416. Skull. O. C. 1592. Presented hij Dr. Leach.
417. Skull of male. Silesia. Purchased.
Turdus migratorius.
Tardus mii/raforms, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 292 (1766) ; See-
bobm. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 220 (1881).
The Red-breasted Thrush or American Eobin.
Ilab. North America, wintering in Central America.
418. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting rightand left scaimlie),
S. S. 1292. Presented hij tlie Snilfhsonian Institution.
92 PICO-PASSERES.
Turdus jamaicensis.
Turdus jamaicensis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 809 (1788) ; Secbohra,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 208 (1881).
The Jamaica Thrush.
Hah. Jamaica.
419. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented Inj the Sutithsouian Inditution.
Genus MERULA.
Leach, Syst. Cat. Brit. :\rus. p. 20 (1816).
Merula merula,
Turdus menda, Linnteus. Syst. Nat. i. p. 295 (17G6).
Merula merula (L.), Secbohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 235 (1881).
The Blackbird.
Hah. Europe and Central Asia.
420. Skeleton of male and female.
Presented hij F. S. Eve, Esq.
421. Skeleton of female. Presented hi/ F. S. Eve, Esq.
422. Skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. W. SihleTj.
423. Skeleton. 0. C. 1593 c. Purchased.
424. Skull of adult male. From South Germany. Purchased.
425. Skull of vouno-. From South Germany. Purchased.
Genus ERYTHACUS.
Cuvier, Leoons Anat. Comp. tab. ii. (1801).
Erythacus luscinia.
Motacilla luscinia, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 328 (1706).
Philomela luscinia, Selby, Brit. Orn. i. p. 206 (1833).
Erythacus luscinia (L.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 294
(1881).
The Nightingale.
Hah. We.stern and Central Eurojie, wintering in Africa.
TrRi)TD.i<:. 93
426. Xahiral skeleton : mounted. O.C. 1580 a.
Yarrell Collection.
437. Skull. Gorniany. O.C. 1580c. Pirrc/iused.
Erythacus rubecula.
Motacilla riihecula, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 337 (176G).
Enjthacus rubecula (L.) : Secbohm, Cat. B. Brit. Miis. v. p. 299
(1881).
The Redbreast.
Hah. E nro|)e.
428. Skeleton of male, from Riding Mill, Northumberland.
0. C. 1581 M. Presented hj the Rev. II. H. Slater.
429. Skeleton from Dorking. 0. C. 1581 0.
Presented by Miss L. JJlxon.
430. Skeleton. 0. C. 1581 d. Purchased.
431. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1255. Purchased.
Erythacus calliope.
Motacilla calliope, Pallas, lleis. Euss. Reichs, iii. p. 697 (1776).
Calliope l-amtscJiatl'ensis (Gm.), Strickl. Ann. & ilag. Nat. Hist.
vi. p. 422 (18-11).
Erythacus calliope (Pall.), Seebohin, Cat. B. Brit. 3Ius. v. p. 305
(1881).
The Siberian Ruby-throated Robin.
Hah. Siberia and Northern China, wintering in India, the
Burmese countries, Southern China, and the Philippines.
432. Skeleton, from Chefoo. O. C. 1581 1.
Presented hy Consul li. Swinlioe, F.R.S.
433. Skeleton, from Chefoo. 0. C. 1581 k.
Presented hij Consul R. Swinlioe, F.R.S.
94 PICO-PASSKRRS.
Genus RUTICILLA.
C. L. T3rehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1280,
Ruticilla phcenicurus.
MotaciUa phcenicurus, Linnieus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 335 (ITHfJ).
Ruticilla phcenicurus (L.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, v. p. ^^WO
(1881).
The Common Redstart.
Hal). Europe and Western Siberia, wintering" m Persia and
Eastern and Western Africa.
434. Skeleton of male, from Riding Mill, Northumberland.
0. C. 1581 L. Presented In/ the Rev. H. H. Slater.
435. Sternum and shoulder-girdle, wanting left scapula. S. S.
1400. Purchased.
Genus COPSYCHUS.
Wagler, Syst. Av. note to art. Gracula (1827).
Copsychus saularis.
Oracula saularis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 165 (1 7G6).
Copsychus saularis (L.), Sliarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 61 (18S3).
The Dhayal Bird.
Hah. India.
436. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1888.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
Genus SAXICOLA,
Bechstein, Ora. Taschenb. i. p. 216 (1802).
Saxicola oenanthe.
MotaciUa osnanthe, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 332 (1766),
Saxicola oenanthe (L.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. 391
(1881).
The Common Wheateak.
Uab. Europe and Northern Asia, migrating into Northern
Africa, Persia, N.W. India, and Mongolia in winter.
TuuDin.?;. 95
437. Natural skeleton (.fiiiiilc : moimteJ. 0. C. 15i^4 J5.
From the Zoolorjical Society.
Genus SIALIA.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 173 (1827).
Sialia arctica.
Erythaca arctica, Swainson & llichardson , Faun. Bor.-Amor.,
Birds, p. 209, pi. 39 (1831).
Sialia arctica (S. & R.), Seebohm, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. v. p. IMV.i
(1881).
The Rocky-Mountain Blue-bird.
flab. Rocky Mountains, wintering in (California.
438. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of female (wanting both sea-
pulse and right coracoid). S. S. 1295.
Presented Jnj the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus MYIADECTES.
Swainson, in Jard. Nat. Libr., Flycatchers, p. 132 (1838).
Myiadectes genibarbis.
Myiadestes genibarbis, Swainson, Nat. Libr. x, p. 134, pi. xiii,
(c. 1838); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 370 (1881).
Swainson's Solitaire.
Hab. Islands of Dominica, Martinique, and S. Lucia.
439. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting right coracoid and
scapula). S.S. 1241.
From Mr. P. IT. Gosse's Collection.
Myiadectes solitarius.
Myiadestes solitarius, Baird, lleview^ Amer. B. p. 421 (18(54) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 3G9 (1881).
The Jamaican Solitaire.
Hob. Jamaica.
440. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of male (wanting left coracoid
and scapula). S.S. 1432.
Presented b'j the Smitlisonian Institution.
90 PICO-PASSEREH.
Family MIMIDiE*.
Genus MIMUS.
Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 972.
Mimus orpheus.
Tnrdus orpheus, Linuocus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 293 (1766).
Mimus orpheus (Linn.), 8harpe, Cut. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 340 (1881).
The Jamaican Mocking-Thrush.
Hah. Jamaica, Porto Eico, and San Domingo.
441. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1457.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Mimus hillii.
Mimus hillii, March, Proc. Philad. Acad. 1863, p. 291 ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 343 (1881)
Hill's Mocking-Thrush.
IlaJ). Jamaica.
442. Sternum and shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula, S. S. 1458.
Presented hij the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus GALEOSCOPTES.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 82 (1850).
Galeoscoptes carolinensis.
Muscicapa carolinensis, Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 328 (1766).
Galeoscoptes carolinensis (L.), Sliarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 335
(1881).
The American Cat-bird.
Ilcdt. North America.
443. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2591.
* For osteological accounts of the North-American Thrushes, Mimiufe,
genus Galeoscoptes, Sec, of. Shufeldt, Jouru. Morph. vol. iii. no. 1, June 1889,
pp. 81-112 ; also o/. Frederic A. Lucas, "Notes on the Osteology of the
Thrushes, Mimina3, and Wrens," Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. vol. xi. 1888,
pp. 173-180.
TKOGLODVTID.K. — ClNCLID.l-:. 97
Family TilOGLODYTlU.^.
Gemis ANORTHURA.
llcnuie's 2iid ed. Mont. Urn. iJiit. p. o7U (1S33).
Anorthura troglodytes.
Motadlla iroglodytes, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 337 (1766).
Anorthura troglodytes (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 269
(1881).
The Common AYhex.
Hall. Euro[>e.
444. Skeleton. (). C. lo^oc. PiircluiH'il.
Family ClNCLIDvE *.
Genus CINCLUS.
Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. p. 205 (18U2).
Cinclus aquaticus.
Cinclus aquaticus., Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. i. p. 206 (1802) ;
Crisp, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 49 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 307
(1881).
The Common Dipper.
Hah. Western Europe.
445. Natural skeleton : mounted. (J. C. lo'Jl A.
Yarrell Colledioii.
446. iSternum and shoulder-oirdle (wantino; ri<ilit coracoid and
scapula). S. S. 860. Purchased.
* For the osteology of tlie -\nierican Dipper {Cinclus tncxicanus), rf.
ShuftkU, Bull. Xutt. Orn. Club, vii. p. 213 (1882;.
J'AUT 111. H
98 PICO-rASSEKEy.
Family ACCENTORIDiE.
Genus ACCENTOR.
Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. i. p. 19] (1802).
Accentor modularis*.
MotaciUa moihdaris, Linnaeus, Syst. Nut. i. p. 329 (17G6j.
Accenfor modularis (Linn,), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 649
(1883).
The Hedge-Spakrow.
Hah. Europe, North Africa to Asia Minor.
447. Skeleton of male. From Kidino- Mill, Northumberland.
0. C. 1581 N. Presented hy the Rev. H. II. Slater.
448. Skeleton. U. C. 1581 c. Purchased.
449. Skull. 0. C. 1581. Presented tnj Dr. Leach, F.L.S.
Genus EPHTHIANURA.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 148.
Ephthianura alb if r on s.
Acanihlza aVifrons, Jard. & Selbv, HI. Oiii. ii. p. 50, figs. 1, 2
(c. 1836).
Ephthianura albifruits, 81iarpe, Cat. B. Brir. Mus. vii. p. 666
(1883).
The White-fhonted Waiiblek.
Hah. AustraKa.
450. Skeleton. From Chalky Island, Bass' Straits. 0. C.
1584 D. Goidd Collection.
451. Sternum of male, -with shoulder-girdle. From Dohrovde,
N.S. Wales. S. S. 1697.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ranisay.
* For a complete account of the osteolog-y of Accoitor viodularis and a
iiirure of its skull, cf. Shulbldt, " On the Position of Chauuca in the System,"
Journal of Moiphulnjiv. vid. iii. no. •>, 1889, pp. 475-502.
I'niKMii).]:. [)[)
Family TIMELIID^.
Subfamily L I o 'i' lu (' Hi N^.
Genus LIOTHRIX.
Strickland, Ann. & Mag. N. H. vii. p. 2'J (1841).
Liothrix lutea.
Si/lvia hdea, Seopoli, Del Faun, et FIoi-. Insubr. ii. p. OG (1786).
Liothrix luh'a, Sliarpe, Cat. 11 Brit. Mus. vii. p. 644 (1883).
The Red-billed Hill-Tit.
ILi/i. Himalaj'a Mountains.
452. Skeleton of male. F reseated by Mr. J. Abrahains.
453. Skull of female. Presented Uij Mr. J. Abrahams.
Subfamily C I sT I c 0 L I x .E.
Genus MEGALURUS.
Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Sue. xiii. p. 15!J (1820).
Megalurus gramineus.
Sphenoeacus r)rumineus, Gould, Proc. Zool. Sue. Ls45, p. IQ.
Megalurus gramineus (Gould), 8harpe, Cat. E. Brit. Mus. vii p V>5
(1883).
The Little Ghass-bird.
JIab. AVestern and Southern Australia.
454. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle. lliver Hunter, N. S. \V.
Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
455. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1081.
Presented by P. /.. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
n-I
loo PICO-PASSERES>.
Genus SPHENURA.
Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl. p. 40 (1823).
Sphenura brachyptera.
SpJienura brachyptera, Lichtenstein, loc. cit. ; Sharpe, Cat. B, Brit,
Mus.vii. p. 114(1883).
The Bristle-bird.
Hah. New South Wale?.
456. ISkeletoii. 0. V. 1531. Gould Collection.
Genus STIPITURUS.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 414 (1831).
Stipittirus inalachurus.
Miiscicapa malacliura, Shaw, Trans. Linn. Soc. iv. p. 241, pi. 21
(1798).
Stipiturns malachurus (Hhsiw), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 100
(1883).
The Emu Wrex.
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
457. Sternum, with slioukler-girJle. S. S. 1088.
Presented Inj P. L. Sclater, E.'oj., F.R.S.
Genus SUTORIA.
Nicholson, I'roc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 195.
Sutoria sutoria.
Motacilla sutoria, Forster, Ind. Zool. p. 17 (1781).
Orthotoinus lonr/icauda (Gm.), Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 144
(1849).
Sutoria sutoria (Forst.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 215
(1883).
Ortliomus suiorius (Forst.), Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 36
(1890).
The Indian Tailor-bird.
TIMELHD.E. 101
Hah. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon^ ranging into the Bur-
mese countries and 8outhern China.
458. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1906.
Presented hij Dr. J. A)iderson, F.R.S,
Subfamily Timeliin^.
Geuus ORIGMA.
IJould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 148.
Origma rubricata*
Sylvia ruhricata, Lath. Ind, Orn., 8iippl. p. Iv (1801).
Origma rvhricata {hdiXh.}, Sharpc, Cat. B. Biit. Mus. vii. p. \'->^>
(1883).
The Rock-Warbler.
JJah. New South AV:iles.
459. Stornuin of iii;dc. with shoulder-gitdlc. 8. S. 1309.
I'rPs^'iilril })if l)r. K. P, I'diiiSiUf,
llenus ORTHONYX.
Temrainck, Man. d'Orn. 2nd ed. i. pt. 1, p. Ixxxi (ls20).
Orthonyx spinicauda.
Orthotujx spinicauda, Temminck, PI. Col. iv. pis. 428, 429 (1827);
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 329 (18S3).
The Spine-tailed Ground-Thrush.
Ifah. 8.E. Australia.
460. Skeleton. O. C. ir>;32. Gould Collection.
461. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. W. {E. P. Ranmnf). S. S. 1079.
Presented I'^i l\ f^. Sclater, Z!^-^'/., F.f^.S,
102 I'ICO-PASSERES.
Genus GRALLINA.
VieiUot, Analyse, p. 42 (ISIG).
Grallina picata.
Gracida pimta, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. xxix (1801).
Grallina picata (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 272
(1877).
The Pied Wagtail Thrush.
Hoh. Australia.
462. Sternum of male, with shoulder-oirdle. ('larence Eiver,
N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsaij). S. S. 931.
Presented hij P. L. Sclafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus CINCLOSOMA.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 219 (1826).
Cinclosoma punctatum.
Tardus punctatus, Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl. p. xlix (1801).
Cinclosoma j^anctatum (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. vii. p. 332 (1883).
The Spotted Ground-Thrush.
Nah. Tasmania and Southern and Eastern Australia.
463. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1591 (left wing miss-
ing). Goidd Collection.
464. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 924.
Presented h>/ P. L. ScUiter, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus PSOPHODES.
Vigors & Horsfiekl. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 328 (1826).
Psophodes crepitans.
Muscicapa crepitans, Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl. ii. p. li (1801).
Prophocles crepitans (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 350
(1883).
The Coach-whip Bird.
Hub. Eastern and Southern Australia.
465. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 930.
Presented hij P. L. Sclater. Esq., F.R.S.
'I'lMKI.llD.
103
(jernis POMATORHINUS.
Horsfiold, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 1(U (1S21).
Pomatorhinus superciliosus.
I'oiiKitorhinus superciliosus. Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc.
XV. p. 330 (182G): Sharpe, Cat. IL Brit. Mns. vii. ]). 41!)
(1883).
The White-eyebrowed Scimitar-Babbler.
flah. Soutliern and Western Australia.
466. Skeleton. From Western Australia. O. C. 15i»l A.
Gould Collection.
Pomatorhinus temporalis.
PoinatorJitnus temporalis, Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Boo.
XV. p. 330 (1826) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. ]\rus. vii. p. 118
(1883).
The Pale-fronted Scimitar-Babbler.
Hah. Ne-.v South Wales.
467. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 130<).
r rt'.<ented Inj l\ L. Sdater, Est/., F./'.S.
(xenus GARRULAX.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. ()47 (1831),
Garrulax leucolophus.
Corvus leucolophns, Hardwioke, Trans. Linn. Soe. xi. \). 208,
pL 1.5 (1815).
Oarrulax leucolophus (Hardw.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii.
p. 435 (1883); Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 77 (188.4).
The Himalayan White - crested Laughing -
Thrush.
Hah. Himalaya Mountains.
468. Sternum, with shuuldcr-oirdle. From Neiial.
J'rexented hy ]L II. Hodr/son, Esq.
469. Pelvis ofahove ?))ecimen.
rrr^adtd lu/ U. II. llodasuj,. Es,j.
104 PTCO-PASSRRES.
Garrulax pectoralis.
lantlwcinda i->ector(dis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835. p. 186.
Garrulax pectoralis, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 441(1888).
The Black-gorgeted Laughing-Thrush.
Hah. Eastern Himalayas to Tenasserini.
470. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (wanting left coracoid and
scapula). From Nepal.
Presented hij J3. J/. Hodgson, Esq.
471. Pelvis of above specimen.
Presented hif />. //. Hodgson. Esq.
Genus CRATEROPUS.
Swainson, Faun. Bor.-Amev., Birds, p. 487 (1831).
Crateropus canorus.
Turdus canorus, Liunaius, Syst. Xat. i. p. 293 (1766).
Pastor terricolor, Hodgs. J. A. S. Beng. v. p. 771 (1836).
Malacocercus terricolor (Hodgs.), Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 59 (1863).
Crateropus canorus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii. p. 478
(1883) ; Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 110 (1889).
The Jungle Babbler.
Hah. The whole of the Indian Peninsula.
472. Sternum, with shoulder-girdles, of male. S. S. 1899.
Presented hy Jh'. ^\nderson, P.P.S.
Genus CINCLORHAMPHUS.
Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1837, p. 150.
Cinclorhamphus cruralis.
Megalurus cruralis. Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv.
p. 228 (1826).
Cinclorhamphus cruralis (Y. & H.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vii.
p. 498 (188.3).
The Brown Ground-Thrush.
PYCXOXOTID.K.
105
Ilah. Soutli«'i-n and Eastern Australia.
473. Sternum of male, with slioulder-trinlle. From the Rich-
mond River, N. S. W. {E. P. Rcamay). S. S. 1301.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Family PYCNOXOTll).^:.
Genus CHLOROPSIS.
.Tnrfline & Selhy, 111. Orn. i. pi. .'> (1S26).
Chloropsis aurifrons.
Phyllornh aurifrons, Temra. Pi. Col. pi. 484. fig. 1 (1829).
Chloropsis aurifrons (T.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 20
(1881) : Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 234 (1889).
The Gold-fronted Green Bulbul.
jI((I'. Hinuilaya IMonntains and Burmese countries.
474. Sternum. From Nepal. J'resenfed hy B. If. /lodyso)), Esq.
Chloropsis hardwickii.
Chloroj^sis hardwickii, Jard. & Selby, lU. Orn. ii., App. pi. 1 (c.
1836); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 18 (1881); Oate.s,
Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 236 (1889).
The Orange-bellied Green Bulbul.
Hidt. Himalaya Mountains to Tenasserim.
475. Sternum and shoulder-oirdle. From Nepal.
Presented by B. H. Ilodfjson, Esq.
Genus PYCNONOTUS.
Boie, Isis, 1820, p. 97:5.
Pycnonotus aurigaster.
Tvrdvs auric/aster,\ieinot, X. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xx. p. 2o8(1818).
Pycnonotus aurigaster (V.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 137
'(1881).
The Javan Yellow-vented Bulbul.
Hah. Java.
476. Skeleton. From the Zoologirnl Society.
lOG PrCO-FASSRHEs.
Pycnonotus barbatus.
Tvrdus havhiifiix, Desf. Mem. Acad. Hoy. Sci. 1787, p. oOO,
])1. xiii.
Pjienonotvs harhafns (Desf.), Sharpe, Cat. E. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 14G
(1881).
The White-vented Bulbul.
Hah. ^NTorth-eastern and Western Africa.
477. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented hj/ Jfr. J. Ahraliams.
Genu8 MOLPASTES.
Hume, Stray Feathers, i. ]). 878, note (1873).
Molpastes bengalensis.
Lvos cafer vel piir/fPus, Hoclgs. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 84 (1844).
Pycnonotus hengaJeusis, Blyth, J. A. S. Beng. xiv. p. 550 (1845).
Pycnonotus j^^/i/cus (Hodgs.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi.
p. 128(188]).
Molpastes bengalensis (Blyth), Gates, Faun. Brit, tnd., Birds, i.
p. 271 (1889).
The Bengal Bed-vented Bulbul.
Hah. Himalaya MDuntains from Kuuiaun to Assam and the
hills of N.E. Bengal.
478. Sternum of male (wanting left coracoid and left scapula).
S. S. l.f)lo. Presented hi/ I)r. ./. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus .ffiGITHINA.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 44 (181G).
.flBgithina typhia.
Motacilla tiphia, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 331 (176G).
lora tipUa (L.), Blyth, Cat. B. As. Mus. p. 214 (1849).
^githina tipJiia (L.), Sharpe. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. vi. p. 7 (1881) :
Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 230 (1889).
The Common Green Bulbul.
Hah. Indian Peninsula.
479. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of fenude (wanting left sca-
pula). S. S. 1898. Presented h>/ Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
CAMPOrHA(ill>.K.
lo;
Ki<r. 2-
Familv ( lAMPOPHAGID^^:.
Lateral view of skull of Grmicalus menfalis (enlarn^ed). Letters as before.
Genus GRAUCALUS.
Cuvier, Regno Anim. i. p. 341 (LS17).
Graucalus melanops.
C'orvus melanops, Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl. ii. p. xxiv (1801).
Graucalus melanops (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. lirit. Mas. iv. p. 30
(1879).
The Black-faced Cuckoo-Shrike.
Hah. The whole of Australia, New Guinea, and the neigh-
bouring Papuan Islands.
480. Skeleton. From Western Australia. O.C. 1578f.
Gould Collection.
481. Sternum of male, with should<ir-girdle.
Presented A// I h\ E. ]*. Jxdinsay.
Graucalus parvirostris.
Graucalus parvirostris, Gould, Proc. Zool, See. 1837, p. 134 ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. iv. p. 32 (1879).
The Small-billed Cuckoo-Shrike.
Hah. Tasmania.
482. Skeleton tVdiii 'rn^iiiiinia. U.C.ir)7SE. (iniild ( 'nlleclioii.
108
PICO-PASSERRS.
Graucalus macii.
Grancalus macii, Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 349 (1831); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 34 (1879).
The Larger Cuckoo-Shrike.
Hah. India.
483. Stermiiii, with sliouldcr-o-irdle. Nepal.
Presented /'/y B. IT. Ifodgsou., Jlsij.
484. Fiternum. with slioulder-oirdle. Nepal.
Prcf^'ntcd. hi/ 7>. //. Hodgson^ Esq.
Graucalus sclateri.
Graucalus sclateri, Salvador!, Ami. Alus. Civic. Geiiov. xii. p. 325
(1878) (e.r Piiisch, MSS. in Mus. Brem.); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus. iv. p. 40 (1879).
The New-Ireland Cuckoo-Shrike.
JJidj. New Ireland.
485. Sternuin, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2;j61.
Presented by P. L. ScJater, Esq., P. U.S.
Graucalus mentalis.
Graucalus mentalis, Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv.
p. 217 (1826); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 37 (1879).
The Varied Cuckoo-Shrike.
JJab. Australia.
486. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Clarence River,
N. S. W. {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1083.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
486 a. Skeleton of male. From Lismore, N. S. Wales.
Purchased of Mr. A. P. Goodwin.
Genus CAMPOPHAGA.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 39 (1816).
Campophaga melanoschista.
Volvocivora melanosdiistus, Hodgson, Ind. Rev. i. p. 328 (1837).
Ceblepyris luguhris, Sundevall, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist, xviii.
p. 109 (1846).
MUSCICAPID.E. lOif
Campophcuja hujubris, Sharpo, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. Co (1879).
Campophaga mehnioschista, Oates, Faun. Brit, lud., Birds, i. p. 491
(1889).
The Dark-grey Cuckoo-Shrike.
Hab. Indian Peninsula.
487. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Nepal.
Presented hi/ B. H. llodtjxoii, A'.s-y,
Lalage sykesii.
Lalage sykesii, Strickland, Ann. & Jlag. Xat. Hist. xiii. p. 36
(1844) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 89 (1879).
Campoj^haga syl-esii, Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, i. p. 493
(1889).
The Black-headed Cuckoo-Shrike.
Hah. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon.
488. Steniuni with shoulder-girdle of male (wanting left scu-
])ula and coracoid). S. S. 1918.
Presented by Dr. J. Anderson, P.R.S.
Family MUSCICAPID^.
Genus MUSCICAPA.
Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 324 (170G).
Muscicapa grisola.
Muscicapa giisola, Linnaeus, loc. cit. p. 328 (1766) ; Sharpe, Cat.
B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 151 (1879).
The Spotted Plycatcher.
Hah. Europe.
489. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1596 a. (Bones of
left wing wanting.) Yarrell Collection.
490. Sternum with .-houlder-ginlle (wanting left scapula). S. S.
1^0(1. Purchased.
110 PICO-rA«8EUES.
Genus ALSEONAX.
Cabanis, Mus. Heiu. Th. i. p. 52 (1850).
Alseonax latirostris.
Mnmcapa latirostris, liaffles, Trans, Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 312 (1820).
Alseonax latirostris (Raffl.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 127
(1879) ; Gates, Faun. Brit. Ind., Birds, ii. p. 35 (1889).
The Southern Brown Plycatcher.
Hah. Eastern Asia, from Japan to the Malayan Archipelago.
491. Skeleton. From Chefoo, China. 0. C^. 159(3 D.
Presented by Consal Siciiihoe, F.Ii.S.
Genus MICRGBCA.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1840, p. 172.
Microeca fascinans.
Lod'ia fascinans, Latham, Ind. Orn. SuppL ii. p. xlvi (1801).
Ilicraca fascinans (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 258
(1865) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 123 (1879).
The Australian Brown Flycatcher.
Hub. Australia.
492. tSternuni with shoulder-girdle (wanting right scapula).
S. S. 1370. N. S. Wales (K P. Ramsay).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, J'Jsq., P.P.S.
Genus PETRCECA.
Swaiuson, Zool. Illustr. 2nd series, i. pi. 36 (1829).
Petroeca leggii.
Fetroica midticohr (see Swainson, loc. cit.), Gould, Haudb. B.
Austr. i. p. 279 (1865).
Petrosca leyyii, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 165 (1879).
The Scarlet-breasted Robin.
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
493. .Skeleton (toe? imperfect). 0. C. 15«4 A. Purc/iastd.
JItTSCK'AI'ID.K. I 1 1
Petroeca phoenicea.
Petroica itluenkea, Gould, Proc. Zool, 8oe. 183(5, p. 105; (jlould,
Haudb. B. Austr. i. p. 2S2 (1805).
Petrveca phcemcea {Go\x\(i\ Shaipe, Cat. ]{. Brit. Mus iv. p \m
(1879).
The Elame-breasted Robin.
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
494. Skeleton. From Hobart Town, Tasmania. 0. C. 1584u.
Gould Collection.
495. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Ashfield. N. S. W.
Presented by I)r. E. P. Ramsay.
496. Stermnn with shoulder-crirdle of female (right scapula
broken). Ashfield, X. S. W.
Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Petroeca rosea.
Pttroka rosea, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1839, p. 142; id. Handb.
B. Austr. i. p. 277 (1865).
Petroeca rosea, Sharpe, Cat, B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 17U (1S79).
The Rose-breasted Wood-Robin.
llab. Australia.
497. Sternum and shoulder-girdle (wanting scapukvi). New
Soutli Wales, Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
498. Sternum. New South Wales.
Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Petroeca bicolor.
GraUina bicolor, ^■i<?ors ct Horsfield, Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 233
(1826); Gould, Handb. B Austr. i. p. 283 (1865).
PtUwca bicolor (V. & H.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brii. Mus. iv p 173
(1879).
The Hooded Robin.
Ilah. Australia.
499. Natural .skeleton. 0. C. 1584. Gould CoUevLtun.
112 PICO-PASSERES.
Petrceca bicolor.
500. Steniuin of male, with slioulder-ginlle. Clarence River,
. N. S. W. [E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 9-13.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.E.S.
Petrceca vittata.
Muscicapa vittata, Quoy & Gaimard, Voy. do I'Astrol. i. p. 173,
pi. 3. fig. 2 (1833) ; Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 286 (1865).
Petrceca vittata (Q. & G.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 177
(1879).
The Buff-sided Uobin.
Hah. Tasmania.
501. Skeleton. From Hobart Town, Tasmania. 0. C. 1584 c.
(joald Collection.
Genus PRATINCOLA.
Koch, Syst. baier. Zool. p. l!)(i (1816).
Pratincola rubetra.
Motacilla rubetra, Linntcus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 332 (1766).
Pratincola rubetra (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 179 (1879).
The Whinchat.
Hah. Europe, Senegambia, and North-eastern Africa.
502. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S.S.I 257. Purchased.
Pratincola rubicola.
Motacilla rubicola, Linuseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 332 (1766).
Pratincola rubicola (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 185
(1879).
The Stonechat.
Hah. Europej Palestine, and Ixussia.
603. Skull of male. Germany. Purchased'.
MUSCICAI'in.K. 113
(xenus SMICRORIVIS.
(tou1(1, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 133.
Smicrornis brevirostris.
PA-ilo/nis brevirostris, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p, 187.
Smicrornis brevirostris, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. ]>. 273 (180")) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 209 (1879).
The Short-billed Dwarf Flycatcher.
Ilal). Australia.
504. Sternum of male, with shoul(ler-<rirdle. l^iclnuond River,
N. S. Wale.. S. S. 1358.
Presented Inj P. L. Sdater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus MIRO.
LQSson, Traitr d'Orn. p. 389 (1831).
Miro albifrons.
Tardus nlbifrons, Gineliu, Syst. Xat. i. p. 822 (1788),
Miro albifrons, Sharpe, Cat, B. Brit, Mus, iv. p. 235 (1879);
Buller, B, New Zealand, 2nd ed. i, p. 30, pi. v. fig. 1 (1888).
The South-Island Robin.
Hah. South Island, New Zealand.
505. Skeleton. 0. (J. 1590. Gmdd f'nlkrliou.
Genus XANTHOPYGIA.
Zanthopyffia, Blyth, .1. A. S. B. xvi. p. 123 (1847).
Xanthopygia cyanomelaena.
Muscicapa ajanomelana, Tcmm. Pi. Col. iii. pi. 470 (1838).
Cijanoptila cijanomelanura , Blyth, J. A. S, B, xvi. p. 125 (1847)-
Xanthop)/f/ia cifanomelfpna, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit, Mus, iv. p. 251
(1879).'
The Blue-and-Black Flycatcher.
Ilcd). Japan and China, winterino- in Borneo.
506. Skeleton. From Chet'oo, (!hina. 0. C. 1596 e.
Prc'seided hi) Consul Siciidioe, F.P.S.
VXKV III. I
114 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus MALURUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 44 (1816).
Malurus cyaneus.
Motacilla ci/anea, Ellis, Narr. Voy. Capt. Cook »S;c. p. 22 ; Gm.
Syst. Nat. i. p. 991(1788).
Malurus cyaneus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 287 (1879).
The Superb Waebler.
Hah. East and South Australia.
507. Skeleton. 0. C. 1585. Gould Collection.
Genus MYIAGRA.
Vigors & Horst'. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 250 (1826) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 371 (1879).
Myiagra, sp.
(Probably Myiagra concinna.)
508. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1596 C.
Gould Collection.
Genus RHIPIDURA.
Vigors & Horsf. Tr. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 247 (1826).
Rhipidura albiscapa.
RMpidura albiscapa, Gould, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 113: id. Handb. B.
Austr. i. p. 238 (1865); Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv. p. 310
(1879).
The White-shafted Fantail.
Hah. East and South Australia.
509. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (wanting right scapula).
From Dobroyde, N. S. Wales \E. P. Ramsay/). S. S.
954. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Rhipidura tricolor.
Miiscicapa tricolor, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxi. p.490 (1818).
Sauloprocta motaciUoides, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 244 (1865).
Rhiiridura tricolor, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mue. iv. p. 339 (1879).
The Black Pantail.
Ilah. Australia, Papuan Islands, and Moluccas.
510. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. New Britain. S. S. 2560.
Presented hij P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
HIRTINDIXID.I^.
IIT)
Genus TERPSIPHONE.
Gloger, in Froriep's Notizen, xvi. p. 278 (1827).
Terpsiphone paradisi.
Muscicapa lyaradisi, Linnoous, Syst. Nat. i. p. 324(1706).
TerjmpJione paradisi, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Miis. iv. p. 3-40 (1879).
The Pied Paradise-Plycatcher.
Ilab. India.
511. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 191G.
Presented Jnj Dr. J. Anderiion, F.R.S.
Familv HIHUNDINIDJ^.
Fi-. 24.
Diii'smI vi.-w of Hinntdo rusfica, to show ptcrvlosis, witl; tlif siiiiinl
feathfr-tiact forked on the h)wer back.
Gonus CHELIDON.
Bole, Isis, I.S22. p. -,.-,(».
Chelidon urbica.
Hinindo nrhica, LiuniLUs, Syst. Nat. i. p. 344 ( I7'j(!).
Chelidon nrbica, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mns. -. p. 87 (1885).
The Common Martin.
ILih. Europe, to Central Africa, Turkestan, and N.W. India .
512. Skeleton. 0. C. 15^0 B. rarcliaml.
513. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1253. Purchased.
\ -2
IIG PICO-PASSERES.
Genus HIRUNDO.
Linnfeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 343 (17GG).
Hirundo rustica.
Hirundo rustica, Linnaeus, Sj^st. Nat. i. p. 343 (176G) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 128 (1885).
The Common Swallow.
Hah. In summer, Europe and Northern Asia. In winter,
India, Malayan Peninsula, and Africa.
514. Skull. O.C. 1530. Purchased.
615. Skull. Germany. 0. C. 1530 A. Purchased.
516. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 858. Purchased.
Genus PETROCHELIDON.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 47 (]850).
Petrochelidon fluvicola.
Hirundo fluvicola, Blyth, J. A, S. B. xxiv. p. 470 (1855, ex Jerd.
MSS.) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. x. p. 200 (1885).
The Indian Cliff-Swallow.
Hah. India.
517. Sternum of male. From India. S. S. 1897.
Presented by Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Subdivision B. PASSERES ABNORMALES.
Family MENURIDiE.
Genus MENURA*.
Davies, Tr. Linn. Soc. vi. p. 207 (1801).
Menura superba.
Ilenura svpcrha, Davies, Tr. Linn. Soc. vi. p. 207 (1801) ; Gould,
Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 298 (1865) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.
xiii. p. 661.
* Cf. Garrod, P. Z. S. 1870, pp. .5L5, 510; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 28.
ATRICHIIDA'. 117
The Lyre-bird.
Hah. Australia.
518. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1536 f. Qould Collection.
519. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1536 e.
Presented hy Dr. George Bennett.
520. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
521. Right metatarsus of above specimen.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
522. Left metatarsus of above specimen.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
523. Sternum (with right coracoid and scapula). New South
Wales {E.P.Ramsay). S. S. 1066.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
524. Right foot, showing the scutellated planta tarsi.
From the Camhridge University Museum.
Family ATRICHIID^.
Genus ATRICHIA*.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 1.
Atrichia clamosa.
Atrichia clamosa, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1844, p. 2 ; Sharpe, Cat.
B. Brit. Mus. xiii. p. 659 (1890).
The Noisy Scrub-bird.
Hah. Australia.
525. Sternum of nuile (with left scapula and coracoid).
Richmond River, N. S. W. {J. Macgillivray).
Presented hy-Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
526. Sternum of male (with left scapula and coracoid).
Richmond River, N. S. W. {J. Macgillivray).
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
* Cf. Garrud, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 516.
118
PICO-PASSERES.
Division B. PASSERES MESOMYODI.
The intrinsic muscles of the voice-organ joined to the end of
the bronchial semi-rings at or about the middle of the latter
(cf. Garrod, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 517).
Subdivision OLIGOMYODyE.
Fig. 2o. Fig. 2(5.
Cj6
Svrinx of Pitta strepittms, to show the Mesomyodian arrangement of its
intrinsic muscles. [See autea, p. 6.]
st. Steruo-tracheal muscle, ht. Eroncho-tracheal muscle.
Family TYRANNID^ *.
[ty. Halvin & Godman, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, ii. p. 3, 1889.]
Genus ELAINEA.
Suudevall, K. Vet.-Akad. Forh. iStockh. 1835, p. 89.
Elainea cotta.
Elainea cotta, Gosse, Ann. Nat. Hist. [2] iii. p. 257 (1849);
Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 149 (1888).
The Jamaican Olive Tyrant.
IlaJ). Jamaica.
* For tlie osteology of many of the North American Tyrannida;, cf. Shu-
feldt, Journ. of Moi-phology (U.S.), vol. iii. no. 1, June 1889, p. 103, tigs.
18, 19, of pis. v., vi.
TYRANNID.E. 119
527. Sternum of male. S. S. 1452.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus PITANGUS.
Swains. Zool. Journ. iii. p. 165.
Pitangus derbianus.
Saurophagus derbianus, Kaup, P. Z. S. 1851, p. 44.
Pitatigus derbianus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 175 (1888) ;
Salv. &, Godm. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, ii. p. 43 (1889).
The Earl of Derby's Tyrant-bird.
Hai>. From Texas, throughout Central America to Colombia
and Venezuela.
528. Skeleton. From Guatemala.
Presented by Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.Ii.S.
Pitangus caudifasciatus.
Tijrannux caudifasciatus, D'Orb. in La Sagra's Hist. Xat. Cuba,
Ois. p. 70, pi. 12(1839).
Pitangus caudifasciatus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 179
(1888).
The Cuban Tyrant.
Hab. Cuba and Jamaica.
529. Sternum (with left coracoid and scapula). S. S. 1455.
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus MEGARHYNCHUS.
Thunberg, Disq. gen. Megarh. 1824.
Megarhynchus pitangua.
Lanius pitangaa, Liniucus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 13tj (1766).
Megarhynchus pitangua, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 189
(1888) ; Salvin & Godman, Biol. Centr.-Amer., Aves, ii. p. 51
(1888).
The Hook-billed Tyrant.
JIab. Southern Mexico to Brazil.
120 rico-rAssEREs.
Megarhynchus pitangua.
530. Skeleton. From Guatemala.
Presented hy Oshert Salrin, Esg., F.Ii.lS.
531. Skeleton of female. From the Zoological Society.
Genus BLACICUS.
Cabanis, J. f. 0. 1855, p. 480.
Blacicus pallidus.
Myiohius pallidns, Gosse, I>. Jamaica, p. 166 (1847).
Blacicus xxdUdus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 243(1888).
The Buff-winged Elat-bill.
Ilcih. Jamaica.
532. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1454.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution..
Blacicus barbirostris.
Tyranmda barbirostris, Swainson, riiil. Mag. i. p. 367 (1827).
Blacicus barbirostris, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 244 (1888).
The Black-billed Flat-bill.
Ilab. Jamaica.
533. Sternum of male (with left coracoid). S. S. 1453.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus MYIARCHUS.
Cabauis, in Thcbudi's Faun. Peruan., Aves, p. 152 (1845).
Myiarchus validus.
Myiarclms validus, Cabanis, Arch. f. Naturg. 1847, p. 351 ;
Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 252 (1888).
The Bed Petchary.
Ilcdt. Jamaica.
534. Sternum of male (with right clavicle, coracoid, and
scapula). S. S. 1450.
Prescnlid lui I hi SduI hioinKdi I nsl ll ulion.
TYIIANNID^:. 121
Myiarchus stolidus.
Myiobius stolidus, Gossc, B. Jamaica, p. 168 (1847).
MyiarcJms stolidus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 2G0 (1888),
The Eoolish Petchary.
Hah. Jamaica.
535. Sternum of female (with right coracoid and scapula).
S. S. 1451. Presented hij the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus TYR ANNUS.
Cuvior, Leeons Anat. Comp. i. tab. 2 (1800).
Tyrannus griseus.
Tyrannus griseus, Yieillot, Ois. Amcr. Sept. i. p. 76, pi. 46
(1807): Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. siv. p. 271 (1888).
The Grey Petchary.
Ilah. Florida, Jamaica, and coasts of Central America.
536. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1595. South Collection.
Genus MILVULUS.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 165 (1827).
Milvulus tyrannus.
Muscicaim tyrannus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p, 325 (1766).
Milvulus tyrannus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 277 (1888).
The Scissor-tail Tyrant.
Hah. Mexico, Central and vSouth America to Pampas of
Argentine Republic.
537. Skeleton. From Guatemala.
Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
122 nco-PASSEiiEs.
Family COTINGID^.
Genus CHASMORHYNCHUS.
Temminck, Man. d'Oru. Analyse, p. Ixiii (1820).
Chasmorhynchus nudicollis.
Ampelis nudicollis, Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. viii. p. 1G4 (181 7).
ChasniorJiynclms nudicollis, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 40-i
(1888).
The Bell-bird.
Ilah. S.E. Brazil.
538. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2564.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus HADROSTOMUS.
Hadrostomus niger.
Lanius niger, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 301 (1788).
Hadrostomus niger, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 334 (1888).
The Black Shrike.
Hab. Jamaica.
539. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1456.
Presented hy the Sinkhsoniati Institution.
Family PITTIDJ^.
Genus PITTA.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 42 (1816).
Pitta brachyura.
Corvus hrachjurus, Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 158 (1766).
Pitta brachyura, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 423 (1888).
The Bengal Pitta.
Hah. Indian peninsula and Ceylon.
540. Sternum (with left coracoid and scapula). S. S. 1909.
Presented liy Dr. J. A»d(rso)i. F.]'.S.
rTKRorTOCIIID.K. — DKNUIloCOLArTlD.E. 123
Pitta strepitans.
Pitta strepitans, Temminck, PI. Col. pi. 333 (1825) ; 8clater,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 428 (1888).
The Noisy Pitta.
Hah. E. Australia, Torres Straits, and S. New Guinea.
541. Sternum of female, with slioulder-oinlle. From Clarence
Eiver, N. S. Wales {K. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1074.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Ks<j.^ FJi.S.
Subdivision TKACHEOrHON^.
Family PTEROPTOCHID^.
Genus HYLACTES.
King, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1830, p. 15.
Hylactes megapodius.
Pteroptochus megapodius, Kittl. Mem. Acad. St. Pet. 1831, p. 182,
pi. iv.
Hylactes megapodius, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xv. p. 349 (1890).
Hah. Central and Northern Chili.
542. Sternum. S. S. 2660.
Presented hy A. H. Garwd, Esq., F.E.S.
Family DENDROCOLAPTID^.
Genus CINCLODES.
Gray, List Gen. B. p. 16 (1840).
Cinclodes nigrifumosus.
Upucerihia nirjrifumosa, d'Orb. et Lat'r. Syn. Av. ii. p. 23.
Cinclodes nigrifumosus, Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xv. p. 21 (1890).
The Smoky-black Earth-bird.
Hah. S. Peru and N. Chili.
543. Sternum, with ^houlder-o-irdle. S. S. 17Hi. /'nrrhased.
124
PICO-PASSERES.
^whovdei- II. EURYLjEMI^.
[Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 4.]
A. Palate aegithognathous.
B. Young, when hatched, helpless, and not passing through a
downy stage.
C. Flexor longiis hallucis leading to the hallux, after sending
down a tendon to ih.Q flexor perforaiis digitorum, which leads
to the three front digits.
D. Oil-gland present, but nude.
E. Nasals holorhinal.
F. Dorsal vertebra heterocoelous.
Foot of Cymhorhynclms macrorhyncJius (enlarged), to show the arrane-emeiit
of the deep plantar tendons, with the vinculum.
* Cf. Forbes, P. Z. S. 1880, pp. -380-386, 391, "On the Syrinx and other
points in the Anatomj' of the Eunjhcmidcc.^'' Cf. also Garrod, P. Z.S 1S77.
p. 447.
TROCHTLl.
Genus CYMBIRHYNCHUS *.
Vigors, Memoirs of Raffles, p. 054 (1830).
Fig. 28.
125
\ entral aspect of craiiium of Cymhirhynchus maa'orhynchus (enlarged).
Letters as before.
Cymbirhynchus macrorhyuchus.
Todus macrorliynclws, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 446 (1788).
Cymhirhynchus macrorhynchv^, Porbes, P. Z. S. 1880, p. 382;
Sclater, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xiv. p. 468 (1888).
The Black-and-E^ed Broad-bill.
Hah. Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo.
544. Natural skeleton of male. From Sarawak.
Presented hy A. II. Everett, Esq.
545. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2566.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
Suborder III. TRO CHILL
[Cy. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 5 ; id. B. of Japanese Empire, p. 145.]
A. Young, when hatched, helpless, and not passing through a
downy stage.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
* For palatine bones and sternum of Co7-ydon mmutrunux, cf. Eytou,
Usteol. Av. pi. 8. fig. 5, pi. 12. fig. ;'5.
126
PICO-PASSERES.
C. Nasals holorhina],
D. Front plantar leading to three front toes; hind jilantar
leading to hallux.
Fi;?. 29.
Palatal region of Bellotia crisfata (eularged) to show vonun*, Ijroad in front,
with a long mesial spine.
Fi-. 30.
Deep plantar tendons of Fatayona f/ir/as. (From Seebohm's 'Birds of the
Japanese Empire,' by permission of the author.)
TROCHILID.E. 127
Family TROCHILID^ *.
Genus LAMPORNIS.
Swainson, Zool. Jouru. iii. ]). 358 (1827).
Lamponiis mango.
Trochilus mango, Liniiteus, Sj'st. Xat. i. p. 191 (176G).
Lampornis mango (L.), Gosse, B, Jamaica, p. 88 (1847) ; Cory,
B. West Indies, p. 144 (1889).
The Mango Humming-bird.
Hah. Jamaica.
546. Sternum (wanting shonlder-girdle). From Jamaica.
S. S. 1304. (jrosse Collection.
Genus AITHURUS.
Cabanis & Heine, Mus. Heiu. Th. iii. p. 50 (1860).
Aithurus polytmus.
Trochilus iwJglmus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 189 (17CG); Gould,
Mon. Troch. ii. pi. 98.
Aithurus pohjtmus, Cabanis &. Heine, I. c.
The Long-tailed Humming-bird.
Ilah. Jamaica.
547. Sternum (wanting shoulder-girdle). S. S. 1449.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Instil nt ion.
* Cf. Shiifeldt, P. Z.S. 1885, p. 8:35 ; id. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 465; id. Jouru.
Linn. Soc. xx. p. .385 ; Stejneger, Auk, iv. p. 170 (1887) ; Lucas, t. c. p. 171.
Figures of skeletons of Clytoltema rubinea and Phaethornis super oil ionus are
given in Dr. Meyer's 'Abbildungen von Vogel-Skeletten,' Lief. vii. Taf. Ixii.
128 PICO-PASSERES.
Genus EUSTEPHANUS.
llcichcnbach, Avium Syst. pi. xl. (184!)).
Eustephanus galeritus.
Trochihis galeritus, Molina, Hist. Nat. Chili, p. 219.
Eustej)hanus [/aleritus, Gould, Mon. Trocli. iv. ])1. 2G5.
The Chilian Fire-crown.
Hah. Chili.
548. Skeleton. 0. C. 1520.
Presented hy Charles Stokes, Es<j., F.B.S.
Genus CCSLIGENA.
Lesson, Trochilidces, p. xviii (Ib'tili).
Coeligena clemenciae.
Ornismya demencin', Lesson, Oiscaux-Mouches, j). 210, pi. 80
(1829).
Delattria clemenciiv, Gould, Mon. Troch. ii. pi. GO.
The Blue-throated Cazique.
Ilah. Mexico.
549. Natunil skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1519.
J'n'sented hjj Charles Stokes, Esij.yF.ll.S.
Genus FLORISUGA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av, i. p. 73 (1850).
Florisuga, sp.
550. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1523. Purchased,
SCANSORES. 12'J
Gomis TROCHILUS.
LinuEeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 189 (17GC).
Trochilus, sp.
551. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1521. Purchased.
552. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. L522. Purchased.
Trochilus colubris.
TrocliUus colubris, Linna3us, Syst. Xat. i. p. 191 (17G0); Gould,
Mon. Troch. iii. pi. 131.
The E;UBY-throated Humming-bird.
IlaJ). North America.
553. Skull. Canada. Presented hij Sir 1>. <!lhh.
Genus BELLONA.
Muls. & Verr. Classif. Trochil. p. 75 (1865).
Bellona cristata.
Trocln'Ias cristatus, Linnanxs, Syst. Xat. i. p. 192 (1706).
Orthorhi/iichus cristatus (L.), Scl. & Salv. Noraencl. Av. Neotr.
p. 88 (1873).
Bellona cristata, Elliot, Syn. Trochil. p. 178 (1878).
The Blue-crest.
Ilab. Lesser Antilles.
554. Natural skeleton. Stores, IS^l.
Suborder IV. SCANSORES.
[Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 6 ; id. B. of Japan, p. 146. J
A. Flexor perforans digkorum loading to third digit only.
Flexor longus hallucis first sending a tendon to the other
plantars, then a second to the fourth digit, after whicli (if
the hallux is present) splitting into two tcndonSj one leading
to the hallux, the other to the second digit.
B. Feet zygodactyl(\
TAHT III. K
130 PICO-PASSERES.
C. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck, and forked on
the lower (not on the upper) back.
D. Basipterygoid processes absent.
E. Cffica present.
F. Oil-gland nude.
G. Vomer absent or rudimentary.
H. A narrow clavicular feather-tract on each side of the breast.
I. A small after-shaft.
Family GALBULIDJE *.
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Vomer absent.
D. Ventral feather-tract without gular branch : a narrow
clavicular tract on each side of the breast.
E. Flexor longus hallucis first sending a tendon to the other
plantar, then a second to fourth digit, after which (if
hallux present) splitting into two tendons, one leading to
the hallux, the other to the second digit.
Genus GALBULA.
Brisson, Ornith. iv. p. 80 (17G0).
Galbula, sp.
555. Skeleton (damaged). Stoirs, 1868.
Family PICID^ f.
\_Cf. Seebohm, t, c. p, C : id. B. of Japanese Empire, p. 146.]
A. Cffica absent.
B. Oil-gland tufted.
C. Palate schizognathous.
D. Vomer slender, pointed, split, the lateral halves separate.
(Saurognathous, Parker.)
* C'f. Sharpe, Keview, p. 84.
+ C'f. Parker, "On the Morphology of the Skull in the Woodpeckers
{Picidce) and Wrynecks {Ljngido'),'" Trans. Linn. Soc. 2nd ser. vol. i. pp. 1-
2-2, pis. 1-5 (187o). Paiker k Newton, Enc. P.rit. ill. p. 71G (1875).
Shufeldt, Auk, V. p. i'12.
riciD.i.:.
l;-}!
E. Maxillo-palatines small, not fused together.
F. Manubrial process of the sternum bifurcate.
G. Femoro-cauJal and semitendinosus muscles present ; anihle.ns
and accessory femoro-caudal absent.
PL Tongue very long, worm-like, provided with a horny, barlx'.l
tip, capable of great protrusion, tlie hyoid cornua (extending
backwards over the skull (excejit in S/>^>f/i'opicns and XenZ
plcus) .
Ventral view of skull of Picus major (enlarged), to show split vomer.
Letters as before.
N.B. — Many of the above details, which supplement Mr. See-
bohm's diagnosis for the family, are derived from U\\ Hargitt's
volume on the Woodpeckers (Cat. B, Brit. Mus. xviii.)
Henus GECINUS.
Boie, Isis. is;il, p. o4i?.
Gecinus viridis.
Picus viridis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 175 (1766).
Gecinus viridis, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 37 (ISyO).
The Green Woodpecker.
J fab. Greater part of Europe to Asia Minor and Persia.
556. Skeleton. From Bremen. 0. (■. 14(J9c.
Preseided In/ [)r. Otfo Finsrh, C.M.Z.S,
k2
132 PICO-PASSERES.
Gecinus viridis.
557. Natural skeleton : mounted (hyoid bones wanting). 0. C.
14G9. Purchased.
558. Natural skeleton : mounted (liyoids wanting). 0. C. 1468.
South ('oUecfio)K
559. Skull. 0. C. 14G9 b. Purchased.
560. Pelvis of above specimen. Purchased.
561. Sternum of ditto. Purchased.
562. Sternum, witb shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1475.
Presented hy Sir Pichard Owen, F.R.S.
£63. Sternum. S. S. 1941. Hunterian.
Gecinus canus *.
Pieus canus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 434 (1788).
Gecinus canus, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 53 (1890).
The Grey-headed Green Woodpecker.
Hcd}. Greater part of Europe to Siberia, N. China.
564. Skull of male. From South Germany. Purchased-
565. Skull of female. From the Alps. Purchased.
Gecinus occipitalis.
Picus occipitalis, Vigors, P. Z. 8. 1S30, p. 8.
Gecinus occijiitalis, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p, 56 (1890).
The Black-naped Green Woodpecker.
Hah. Himalaya Mountains.
586. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented luj B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
567. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Nepal. S. S. 1859.
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
* Skeleton figiuvd by Dr. Meyer, Abbild. Vngel-Skeletten, Lief. xiv.
Taf. cxi.
PICID.E. 133
Gecinus chlorolophus.
Picus c7tloroloj>hus, Vieillot, N, Diet. Hist. Nat. xxvi. p. 78(1818).
Gecinus cldorohj)hus, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 59
(1890).
The Lesser Yellow-naped Woodpecker.
Hah. Eastern Himalayas to Assam and tlie Malayan Peninsula.
568. Sternum (with shoulder-girdle, wanting right scai)ula).
From Nepal. [S. n. Bmchyloplms sei'icolUs.l
Presented J>y B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus CHRYSOPHLEGMA.
Gould, B. Asia, vi. pi. xxxvi. (1850).
Chrysophlegma flavinucha.
Picus faviuucha, Gould, P. Z. S. 1833, p. 120.
Chrysophlefjma flavinucha, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 127
(1890). '
The Large Yellow-naped Woodpecker.
Hah. Himalaya Mountains.
569. Pelvis. From Xepal. Fresented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
570. Sternum of above sjjecimen.
Fresented hy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
571. Sternum. From Nepal. S. S. 18(50.
Fresented hy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Geuus MELANERPES.
ISwainson, Classif. B. ii. p. 310 (1837).
Melanerpes erythrocephalus.
Picus erifihrocqJudus, Liuiicous, Syst. Nat. i. p. 17-4 (1700).
Melanerpes eri/tJu-ocephalus (L.), Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii.
p. 145 (1890).
The Red-headed Woodpecker.
Hah. North America.
572. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1282.
Freiiented hy the Smithsonian Insfihdion.
134 pn'o-PAssi<:Ri:s.
Melanerpes carolinus.
Picus carolinus, Linnaeus {ex Catesby), Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 174 (1766).
Melanerpes carolinus (L.), Hargitt, Cat. B, Brit. Mus. sviii. p. 170
(1890).
The Ued-bellied Woodpecker.
Hah. E. United States to Florida and Southern Texas.
573. Sternum (without shoulder-girdle). S. S. 12U7.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus SPHYROPICUS.
/S^'hi/rapicKs, Baird, Hep. Expl. & Surv. Mississ. Pacific Bail. Eoute,
ix. p. 101 (1858).
Sphyropicus varius.
Picus varius, Linuajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 176 (1766).
Sphyropicus varius, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 188 (1890).
The Yellow-bellied Woodpecker.
Hah. North America, extending into Central America and
the West India Islands.
574. Sternum (without shoulder-girdle). S. S. 129G.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus DENDROCOPUS.
Koch, Baier. Zool. i. p. 72 (1816).
Dendrocopus major.
Picus major, Linn. ISyst. Nat. i. \). 176 (1766).
Dendrocopus major, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 211
(1890).
The Great Spotted Woodpecker.
Hah. Europe.
575. Skull of female. From the Alps. Purchased.
576. Sternum (with right coracoid). S. S. 861. PurcJia&ed.
riciD.*:.
135
Dendrocopus macii.
Picus macei, Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxvi. p. 80 (1818).
Dendrocopus macii, Hargitt, Cat. 13. Erit. Mus. xviii. p. 260
(1890).
The Eulvous-breasted Pied Woodpecker.
Hah. Eastern Himalayas.
577. Sternum (with coracoids). S. S. 11)08.
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus lYNGIPICUS.
Bonaparte, Coiisp. Vol. Zj-god. p. 8 (1854).
lyngipicus hardwickii.
Picus hanhoiclii, Elyth, J. A. S. Beng. xv. p. 15 (1840).
lijnr/ipicKS hardwiclii, Hargitt, Ibis, 1882, p. 45 ; id. Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 328 (1890).
The Indian Pygmy Woodpecker.
Hah. Indian Peninsula.
578. Sternum of male, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S.
19-20. Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus BRACHYPTERNUS.
Strickland, Proe. Zool. Soc. 1841, p. 31.
Brachypternus aurantius.
Picus aurantius, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 174, (5(1760).
Bracli]ix)ternns aurantius, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 4i»4
(1890).
The Golden-backed Woodpecker.
Hah. Plains of Indian Peninsula eastwards to Cachar.
579. Steriunn of female, with coracoids. S. S. 1880.
Presented Inj Dr. J. Andi'.fnoi). F.R.S.
136 PICO-rASSERES.
Genus CHRYSOCOLAPTES.
Chrysocolaptes guttaticristatus.
Pirns guttacristatus, TickcU, J. A. 8. B. ii. p. 578, ? (1833).
ChrysocoJajytes r/uUacristattis, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brifc. Mus. xviii.
p. 448 (1890).
The SoiJTHEEN Golden-backed Woodpecker.
Ilah. Throughout the Indian Peninsula to Assam and the
Malay Peninsula.
580. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hi/ 13. II. Hodgson, Ksq.
581. Sternum (wanting left scapula). Nepal. S. S. 1858.
Presented hy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus CAMPOPHILUS.
CamiiqthUas, Gray, List Gen. Birds, 1840, p. 54.
Campophilus principalis.
Picus ^rincqmlis, Linnoeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 173 (17(i(>).
Campopliihis princiiiaUs (L.), Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii.
p. 464 (18&0).
The Ivory-billed Woodpecker.
Hah. Gulf States of North America and Lower Mississippi
Valley.
582. Fore part of skull with both mandibles. 0. C. 1473.
Presented hy W. Bidlock, Esq.
Genus lYNX.
Yunx, Linnanis, Syst. Nat. i. p. 172 (1766).
Iijux, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 559 (1 890).
lynx torquilla.
Yunx torquilla, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 172 (1766).
Iipix torquilla, Hargitt, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xviii. p. 560 (1890).
The Common Wryneck.
Hah. Nearly the whole of Europe and Asia.
INDICATORlDiE. l^"
583. Skull of male. From the Alps. Purchased.
584. Sternum, with shouiacr-girdlo. S. S. ia03. Purchased.
585. Skeleton (incomplete). 0. C. 1475 A. [Sternum exhibited
in separate series.] Purchased.
Family INUICATORlDyE *.
\_Cf. Seebohm,f. c. p. 6.]
A. Palate jBgithognatlious.
B. Ventral feather-tract forked on the throat, but not on each
side of the breast.
C. Vomer bifid.
D. Femoro-caudal and accessory semitendinosns muscles present;
ambiens and femoro-caudal absent.
E. Ventral feather-tract forked on the throat and on each side
of the breast.
F. Oil-gland tufted.
G. Cseca none.
H. Trachea at its lower end consolidating into a bony box,
formed by the fusion of the lowermost rings. To the en-
larged uppermost bronchial half-rings the single slender
intrinsic muscle of each side fans out to be attached at its
middle.
Genus INDICATOR t.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 28 (1816).
Indicator minor.
Indicator minor, Steph. Gen. Zool. ix. p. 140 (1815) ; Shelley,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 9 (1891).
The Little Honey-Guide.
Hah. Tropical Africa.
586. Skeleton (somewhat damaged). From South Africa [E.
L.Layard). 0.(M476e.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.E.S.
* Of. Garrod, V. Z. S. 1878, p. 930.
t Cf. Stoliczka, Str. F. i. p. 5l'9 (1873) ; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 25.
138
PICO-PASSERES.
Family CAPITONIDvE *.
ICf. Seebohm, t. c. p. 6.]
A. Palate sometimes segithognathous, sometimes desmogna-
tlious.
B. Vomer bifid.
C. Femoro-caiidal and accessory semitendinosus mnscies present.
Ambiens and accessory femoro-caudal absent.
D. Ventral feather- tract forked on the throat and on each side
of the breast,
E. Oil-gland tufted.
F. Cseca none.
Dee]) plantar tendons of Chotorhca chrysopoyon.
F.P. Flexor perforans digitorum. F.H. Flexor longus liallucis.
Genus CYANOPS.
Bonaparte, Consp. Volucr. Zygod. p. 26 (1854).
* Cf. Forbes, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 04 ; Shellev, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. pp. 15-
121 (1891).
CAriTONii)^. 130
Cyanops asiatica.
Trogon asiaticns, Latham, liid. Orn. i. p. 201 (17!iO).
Megalcema asiatica (Lath.), Marsh. Mouogr. Capit. \i. 03, pi. xxix.
(1870).
The Blue-faced Barbet.
Ilab. India and Burma.
587. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1885.
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.B..S.
Cyanops hodgsoni.
Megala'ma 7iod<jsom, Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av. i. p. 144 (1850) ;
Marsh. Monogr. Capit. p. 83, pi. xxxvi. (1870).
Hodgson's Lineated Barbet.
Ilab. Himalaya Mountains to Burmah.
588. Sternum (with right coracoid and scapula). From Nepal.
Presented hy B. 11. Hodgson, Esq.
589. Pelvis of above specimen.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
590. Sternum (with right coracoid and scapula). Nepal.
S. S. 18(!1. Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus XANTHOL^MA.
Eonaparte, Consp. Volucr. Zygod. p. 12 (1854).
Xantholsema hsemacephala.
Bucco Jieemacephahis, MiiUer, Syst. Nat., Suppl. p. 88 (1776).
Xanthola^ma luvmaccyhala (Miill.), Marsh. Monogr. Capit. p. 101,
pL xlii. (1870).
The Crimson-gorgeted Barbet.
Hal). Indian Peninsula, throughout the Burmese countries
and the Malayan Peninsula.
140 PIC0-PAS8ERES.
Xantholaema hsemacephala.
591. Sternum of male (with right coracoid and scapnla). S. S.
1919. Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
592. Sternum of male (with right coracoid and scapula). S. S.
1900. Presented by Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Family EHAMPHASTID^*.
\_Cf. Secbohm, t. c. p. 6.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Vomer truncated.
C. Post-scapular feather-tracts separated on lower back and
rump.
Genus RHAMPHASTOS f.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 150 (1706).
Rhamphastos toco.
Bhamphastos toco, P. L. S. MiiU. Syst. Nat., Suppl. p. 82 (1776) ;
Gould, Monogr. llhamph. pi. i. ; Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av.
Neotr. p. 108 (1873).
The Toco Toucan.
Hah. Guiana to Brazil.
593. Skull (mutilated) 0. C. 1460.
Presented hy the British Museum.
594. Skull, with horny sheath of mandibles removed. 0. C.
14G3. Presented hy the British Aluseum.
Rhamphastos ariel.
Rhamphastos ariel, Vigors, iu Zool. Jouru. ii. p. 466 ; Gould,
Monogr. llhamph. pi. 12.
The Ariel Toucan.
Hah. Brazil.
* Cf. Garrod, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 462 ; Forbes, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 94 ; Sclater,
Cat. B. Brit. Mas. xix. pp. 124-160.
t A skeleton of Rhamphastos dicolorus is tigured by Dr. A. B. Meyer, in
his ' Abbildungen von Vogel-Skeletten,' Lief. xv. Taf. cxlii.
RHAMPHASTII).^.
141
595. Natural skeleton of feniiile : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
596. Skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
597. Skeleton of female. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
598. Skeleton. 0. C. 1459 a. Purchased.
Rhamphastos carinatus.
Rhamphastos carinatus, Bwaius. Zool. lUustr. i. pi. 45 ; Gould,
Monogr. Rhamph. x)l. 2.
The Sulphur-breasted Toucan.
Hab. Central America from Mexico to Panama.
599. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Rhamphastos cuvieri.
Rhamphastos cnvkri, Wagler, Syst. Av., Rhamphastos, sp. 5
(1827); Gould, Monogr. Rhamph. pi. 2 (1835); iScl. & Salv.
Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 108 (1873).
Cuvier's Toucan.
Hab. Upper Amazonia.
600. Mandible, bisected, with liorny sheatli. 0. C. 14G3 A.
Rhamphastos erythrorhynchus.
Rhamphastos e^-ythrorh/nchus, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 355 (1788);
Gould, Monogr. Rhamph. pi. 6.
The Red-billed Toucan.
Jlab. Guiana and Lower Amazonia.
601. Skull. 0. C. 14G4. Presented by the British Museum.
602. Horny sheath of upi»er mandible. 0. C. 14G.5.
Presented bi/ the lirilish Musmm.
142 PICO-PASSERES.
Rhamphastos erythrorhynchus.
603. Horny slieath of upper and lower mandibles. 0. C. 14(11.
Presented hy the British Museum.
604. Skull, with horny sheath of mandibles attached. 0. (J.
14G2. Presented hy the British ^fnselnn.
Genus AULACORHAMPHUS.
Gray, List Gen. B. p. .50 (1840).
Aulacorhamphus prasinus.
PterogJossus prasbius, Gould, Jlonogr. llhamph.pl. 47.
Aulacorhamphus prasinus (Gould), Scl. ik Sal v. Koniencl. A v.
Neotr. p. 109 (1873).
The Golden-green Groove-billed Toucan.
Ilah. (Jentral America, from Mexico to Guatemala.
605. Skeleton. From Guatemala. [Cranium, sternum, and
pelvis exhibited in separate series.]
Presented hy Oshert Salvia, Esq., P.P.S.
606. Cranium of above specimen. S. S. 2118.
607. Pelvis of above specimen.
608. Sternum of above specimen (with right coracoid and
scapula). S. S. 2119.
Suborder V. UPUPjE.
\Cf. Seebohm, t. e. p. 7, and Birds of Japanese Empire, p. 158.]
A. Deep plantar tendons free.
B. Episternal ])rocess perforated to receive the feet of the
coracoids.
C. Palate desmognathous.
D. Oil-gland tafted.
E. Spinal feather-tract forked on the up)»er back.
UPUPID^E. 143
Fis. 83.
mplp- 7,'^- J^
Ventral aspect of ^kuU of Upupa rpops (enlarged). Letters as before.
Family UPQPIDiE.
Genus UPUPA.
Brissou, Ornith. ii. p. 455 (1760).
Upupa epops.
Upupa epops, Linnajus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 183 (17GG); Dresser,
B. Eur. V. p. 179 (1871).
The Hoopoe.
Hab. Southern and Central Europe and Asia, to China and
North-western India.
609. Natural skeleton: mounted (ribs and toes defective). 0. C.
1514. South Collection.
610. Skeleton. From Bremen. O.C. 1514 a.
Presented hy Dr. Otto FinscJi.
6U. Skeleton. O.C. 1514b. Stores, ISGS.
612. Skull. 0. C. 1514 c. Presented hy Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
613. Skull. 0. C. 1516.
Presented hy William Home Clifl, Esq.
614. Skull. O.C. 1515. Ilnnterian.
615. Skull of adult female. From South Germany.
Purchased.
616. Skull of young female. From South Germany.
Purcliased.
144 ■ COLUMB^.
Upupa epops.
617. Sternum. S. S. 1722.
Presented hy P. L. Sclaler, Esq., F.R.S.
618. Sternum, with right coracoid. From Calcutta.
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Order II. COLUMB^E *.
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Nasals schizorhinal.
0. Basipterygoid processes present.
Suborder I. COLUMBjE.
Genus CARPOPHAGA.
Selby, in Jardine's Nat. Libr., Ornith. v. p. 112 (1835).
Carpophaga rubricera.
Carpoplmga rubricera, Tristram, Ibis, 1882, p. 144, u. 79 ; Salvarl.
Orn. Papuasia, iii. p. 557, 1882.
The New-Ireland Pruit-Pigeon.
Hob. New Ireland.
619. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. New Irelnnd [J. Brazier).
S. S. 2444. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Carpophaga sylvatica.
Columha sylvatica, Tickell, J. A. 8. Beng. ii. p. 581 (18-33).
CarpoplicKja sylvatica, Jerd. B. Ind. iii. p. 455 (1864).
The Green Imperial Pigeon.
Hah. India.
620. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society,
Genus MEGALOPREPIA.
Reichenbach, Natiirl. Syst. Yugel, p. xxvi (1852).
Me gal op rep ia magnifica.
Columba magnifica, Temmiuck, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xiii. p. 125.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mus. p. 12.3 (1891).
C'oLUMD.K.
14;')
Fiii-. U.
\ 1
i '
mpl p— ,^
h'u r-'
Cranium of Culinnhn jui/iDiihiis, Letters as before.
I'AKT III.
146 COLUMBiE.
Megaloprepia magnifica.
Megalopre^na magnifica (Temm.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii.
p. 110 (1865).
The Magnificent Truit-Pigeon.
IJah. Australia.
621. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left
coracoid and scapula. From Clarence River, N. S.
Wales {E.P. Ramsay). S. S. 1069.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.B.S.
Genus LOPHOLAIMUS.
Gray in Gould's B. Austr. v. pi. 61 (1841).
Lopholaimus antarcticus.
Colmnha antarctica, Shaw, Zool. New HoU. pi. 5.
Lopliolaimus antarcticus (Shaw), Gould, Handb. B, Austr. ii. p. 116
(1865).
The Double-crested Pigeon.
Hah. Australia.
622. Sternum of a female, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left
coracoid and scapula. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales
{E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1067.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus PTILOPUS.
Strickland, Ann. Mag. X. H. vii. p. 36 (1841).
Ptilopus melanocephalus.
Colmnha melanocephala, Graelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 781 (1788).
Ptilopus melanocephalus, Schlegol, Mus. Pays-Bas, C'olumba3, p. 28
(1S73).
The Black-headed Fruit-Pigeon.
Hah. Indo-Malayan Islands.
623. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
Prom the Zoological Society.
Ptilopus fasciatus.
Ptilonop^is fasciatus, I'eale ; Cassin, U. S. Explor. Exped., Birds,
)i. 271 (1858); Finsch & Hartl. Faun. Centralpolyn. p. 115
(1867); AVhitmeo, Ibis, 1875, p. 442.
c\)i,uMn.T-:. 147
The Banded Fruit-Pigeon.
ll((h. Siiinoa.
624. Skeleton. From Sainoa. O. C. 1427 F. Stores, 18G8.
Ptilopus swainsoni.
Ptilhwpus swaiiisonii, Gould, 1'. Z. S. 1S42, p. 18 : id. Hand)).
B. Austr. ii. p. 106 (186.')).
Savainson's Fkttit-Pjgeon.
Ilah. Australia.
625. Sterniini of male, with shoulder-girdle. From rjiclimoml
l^iver. X. S. Wales (E. P. Ramscui). S. S. 1(;94.
Prem^ted hy P. L. Sdafer, Es^j., F.R.S.
Genus CROCOPUS.
Bonaparte, Consp. Av. ii. ]). 1 1 (1857).
Crocopus phoenicopterus.
Colnmha phfaicojArra, Latham, lud. Oiii. ii. p. ."397 (17i>U).
Crocopm pJicenlcopteriis, .Jerd. B. Ind. iii. p. 447(18(34).
The Bengal Green Pigeon.
Hah. Northern India.
626. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Xejial. S. S. 18r)7.
Presented hy B. If. Ifi>dg.<on, Es(^.
627. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 99t).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
627 a. Sternum. From Xepal. [S. n. T. ^ancti thomce.]
Presented hy B. Ii. Hodgson^ Es<j.
Genus COLUMBA.
LiiiniEus, Svst. Nat. i. p. 270 (17G6).
Columba oenas.
Columha cenas, Linnaeu.s, Syst. Nat. i. p. '279 (1766).
CohimJxt anas (Liiin.), Dresser, B. Kur. \ii. p. 2.3 (1876).
The Stock-Dove.
148 columbj:.
Columba oenas.
Hah. Europe and Western Asia.
628. Sternum and shoulder-girdle, wanting right coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 835. Purchased.
Columba livia.
Columba livia, Bonnaterre, Encycl. ileth. i. p. 227 (1790) ;
Dresser, B. Eur.vii. p. 11 (1879).
The EocK-PifiEON.
Hah. British Islands.
629. Skull. 0. 0. 1435. Purchased.
630. Skull. 0.0. 1435 a.
a. Domestic Pigeons *.
631. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1429 a. Hnnterian.
632. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1428. Ilunterian.
633. 634, 635. Natural skeletons : mounted. 0. 0. 1428 a, b, c.
Yarrell Coll.
636. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 142<>. South Coll.
637. Natural skeleton of ' Oarrier ' Pigeon : mounted. 0. C.
1430. Purchased.
638. Natural skeleton of ' Tumbler ' Pio;eon : mounted. 0. 0.
1431. Ilunterian.
Columba palumbus.
Columba palwnbus, Limia3iis, .Syst. Nat. i. p. 282 (1760); Dresser,
B. Eur. vii. p. 3 (1878).
The Ring-Dove or Wood-Pigeon.
Hah. British Islands.
639. Skeleton. From Northumberland. 0.0.1433 d.
Presented Inj Rev. H. H. Slater.
640. Skull. 0. ('. 1433. Hunterian.
641. Skull. 0.0.1443 b. Received in exchange.
642. Skull. O. 0.1443 c. Purchased.
* Cf. Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skei. i. Taf. xxxii., lix., cxii. (races of Domestic
Pigeons).
COLUMB.^.. 149
643, 644, 645. Skulls, one longitudinally bisected. Purchased.
646. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 83G.
Put'chased.
Columba guinea.
Columha guinea, Linuaius, Syst. Nat. i. p. 282 (1760); Hartl.
Orn. Westafr. p. 194 (1857).
The Triangular-spotted PiGEON.
IJ(d>. West Africa.
647. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zooloijical Society.
Columba leucocephala.
Columha Iciicocep7ia7a,JAnn2eus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 281 (1706); Cory,
Birds West Indies, p. 209 (1889).
The White-crowned Pigeon.
Flak West Indies.
648. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hi/ the Smithsonian Institution.
649. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented Inj the SmitJisonian Institution.
Columba caribsea.
Columba caribci'a, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 773 (1788) ; Cory,
Birds West ludies, p. 211 (1889).
The Eing-tailed Pigeon.
Ilab. Jamaica and Porto Rico.
650. Sternum of male. Presented h// the Smithsonian Institution.
Columba inornata.
Columha inornata, Vigors, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 446 (1827) ; Scl. &
Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 132 (1873) ; Cory, Birds West
Indies, p. 211(1889).
The Cuban Pigeon.
Ilidi. Jamaica and S. Dominn;o.
150 cvlvmba:.
Columba inornata.
651, 652, iSterna of males, with shoulder-frirJles.
Presented ht/ the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus ECTOPISTES.
Swainson, Zool. Journ. iii. p. 362 (1828).
Ectopistes migratorius.
Columba migrator ia, Liunajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 285 (1766).
Ectojjistes mif/ratoria, Baird, Erewer, & Ilidgw. N. Am. B. iii.
p. 368 (1874).
The Passenger Pigeon.
Nab. N. America.
653. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1276.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Geiuis CCNA.
Swaiiison, Classification of Birds, ii, p. 349 (1837).
CT!na capensis.
Columba ca^^enais, LinntBUs, Syst. Nat. i. j). 286 (1766).
(Etta capensis, Sharpc, ed. Layard's Birds S. Africa, p. 572 (1884).
The Cape Dove.
llah. Africa.
654. Natural skeleton of female : mounted.
Presented hij J//-. J. Abrahams .
655. Natural skeleton of male. I'resentcd by ]\Jr. J. Abrahams.
Genus GEOPELIA.
Swainsou, Classification of Birds, ii. p. 348 (1837).
Geopelia tranquilla.
Ccvpclia trawfidlta, (iould. P. Z. 8. 1844, p. 56 ; id. Handb. B.
Austr.ij. 1). 144 ( 186,3): Salvad. Orn. Papuasia, iii.p. 1.54(1882).
COLUMBi*:. 151
The Peaceful Dove.
Hah. Australia.
656. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle (right scapula broken) .
From Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
S. S. 927. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.E.S.
Geopelia cuneata.
Columba cuneata, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 785 (1788).
Geopelia cuneata, Gould, Birds Austr. v. pi. 74 (1845).
The Graceful Ground-Dove.
Hab. Australia.
657. Natural skeleton of female : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Geopelia humeralis.
Columba humeralis, Temminck, PI, Col. iv. pi. 191 (1823).
Geopelia humeralis, Gould, Birds Austr. v. pi. 72 (1844).
The Barred-shouldered Dove.
Hob. Australia.
658. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Palmer, N. S. Wales
{E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 925.
Presented by P. L. Sdater, Esq., F.R.S.
Geopelia striata.
Columba striata, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 282 (1766).
Geopelia striata, Salvad. Orn. Pap. iii. p. 155 (1882).
The Barred Dove.
Ilab. India and the Moluccas.
659. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
660. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
Frotn the Zoolnyical Soc/ety.
lo2 COLITMBJ:.
Genus MACROPYGIA.
Swainsoii, Classification of Birds, ii. p. 348 (1837).
Macropygia phasianella.
Columha pTiasianeUa, Temminck, PI. Col. 100.
Macrojn/r/ia jihnsianella, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 148
(1865).
The Pheasant-tailed Pigeon.
Ilab. New South Wales.
661. Sternum ot female, with shoulder-girdle, wantino- left sca-
pula. Richmond Eiver, N. S. Wales {E. P. Eamsaij).
S. S. 1357. Presented by P. L. Sclafcr, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus TURTUR.
Selby, Nat. Libr.. Ornitli. v. p. 169 (1835).
Turtur turtur.
Columba turtur, Linntcus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 284 (1766).
The Turtle-Dove.
Jldb. Euro})e.
662. Sternum. S. S. b'67. Purchased.
Turtur rupicola.
Columba rxijjicolu, Ballas, Zoogr. Bosso-Asiat. i. p. 5GG (1811).
Turtur rupicola, David & Oust. Ois. Chin. p. 385 (1877).
The Asiatic Tuhtle-Dove.
Hab. Northern Asia to China and Japan.
663. Skeleton, from Shanghai. 0. (J. 1435 b.
Presented by Consul Swinhoe, E.R.S.
Genus ZENAIDA.
]')onai»artc, Comp. List B. Eur. & N. A. p. 41 (1838).
Zenaida zenaida.
Columba zinaitbt. Bj). Jourji. Philad. Acad. v. p. 30 (1825).
r()iA'i\ir..T:. 153
Zena'ula amahUla, Uoiiapartc, List 15. Eur. & N. Am. p. 38 (1838) ;
Sdatcr & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Ncotr. p. 132 (1873).
The Zenaida Dove.
Ilab. West Indies, Florida Keys and coast of Yucatan.
664. Sternum of female, with shoulder- <>ir(lle, wanting loft cora-
coid. S. S. 1461.
Presented by tlie Smithsonian Institution.
Genus MELOPELIA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Gen. Av. ii. p. 81 (1854).
Melopelia leucoptera.
Columha leucoptera, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 281 (170B),
Melopelia leucoptera, Cory, 13. West Indies, p. 216 (1889).
The White-winged Dove.
Hah. (yuba, Jamaica, and San Domingo.
665. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1459.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institvtion.
Genus CHAM^PELIA.
llcidienbach, Natiirl. ^yst. Viif^^el, p. xxiv (1852),
Chamsepelia passerina.
Columha passerina, LinnsDus, Syst. Nat. i. p, 285 (1766).
Chamopelia passerina, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgway, N, Am. B. iii.
p. 389 (1874).
The Passerine Ground-Dove.
Hah. Southern United States to the West Indies and Northern
South America.
666. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left cora-
coid, scapula, and furcula. S. S. 14(50.
Presented hy the Sniilhsonian Insdiui/on.
154 COLUMB^.
Genus LEPTOPTILA.
Gray, List Gen. B. p. 75 (1841).
Leptoptila jamaicensis.
Columba jamaicensis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 283 (17(56).
Engyptila jamaice^isis, C^ory, 15. West Ind, p. 212 (1889).
The White-fronted Dove.
Hah. Jamaica.
667. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid. S. S.
1463. Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
668. Sternum.
669. Sternum of male, Avith right coracoid and scapula. S. S.
1462. Presented hy the Smithso/uan Institution.
Genus GEOTRYGON.
Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 316 (1847).
Geotrygon cristata.
Columba cristata, Temminck, Hist. Gen. Pigeons, p. 449 (1813-15).
Geotrygon cristata, Cory, Birds "West Indies, p. 218 (1889).
The Crested Ground-Dove.
Ilcib. Jamaica.
670. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Geotrygon montana.
Columha montana, Linna3us, Syst. Xat. i. p. 281 (1766).
Geotrygon montana, Cor)-, Birds West Indies, p. 219 (1889).
The Red Ground-Dove.
Hah Antilles.
671. 672. Sterna of males, with shoulder-girdles.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Instltnlion.
colu.mba;. 155
673. Stej'imin of female, with slioulder-girdle.
Presented hy the Sinithsonian lnt<litutioiL.
674. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
675. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1017. Purchased.
Genus CHALCOPELIA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Gen, Av. ii. p. 67 (1854).
Chalcopelia afra.
Columha afra, Linnaeus, Syst. iS^at. i. p. 284 (1766).
CJiaJcojyelia afra, Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 570 (1884).
The Bronze-spotted Dove.
Ilab. Africa.
676. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2155.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus OCYPHAPS.
Gould, r. Z. t>. 1842, p. 20.
Ocyphaps lophotes.
Columha lophotes, Temmiuck, PI. Col. 142.
Ocyphaps lophotes (Temm.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr, ii. p. 139
(1865).
The Crested Pigeon.
Hah. Australia.
677. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting lelt coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1016. Purchased.
Genus CHALCOPHAPS.
Gould, B. Austr. v. pi. 62 ( 1 84:3).
Chalcophaps indica.
Columha indica, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 284 (1766).
Chalcophaps indica (L.), Salvadori, Orn. Pap, iii. }>. 17''> (1882).
156 COLUMB^.
Chalcophaps indica.
The Green-winged Dove.
Hah. India, through the Malay countries to the Moluccas and
Now Guinea.
678. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. 8. 1013. Purchased.
Chalcophaps chrysochlora.
Columba cJtrt/socJdora, Wagler, Sj'st. Av., Cohimbn, sp. 79 (excl.
syu.) (1827).
Chalcophaps chri/sochlora (Wagl.), Salvador!, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 169
(1882).
The Little Green-winged Dove.
IIaJ>. Australia, Papuan Islands, and the Moluccas.
679. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
Prom the Zoological Societij.
680. Sternum of female. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Pamsaij.
Genus PHAPS.
Selby in Jardine's Nat. Libr., Omith. v. p. 194, pi, xxi. (1835).
Phaps chalcoptera.
Columba chalcoptera, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 604 (1790).
Phaps chalcoptera (Lath.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 122
(1865).
The Bronze-winged Pigeon.
Hid). Austraha.
681. 682. Skeletons of males. Presented by Mr. J. Ahrahanis.
683. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. ('. 1427 a.
Gould Collection.
684. Skeleton. 0. C. 1427 b. Gould Collection.
685. Skull of female. Presented l>y Mr. J. Ahraliams.
686. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2167.
Prom the Zoological /Society,
CDLUMB.I^. 157
Phaps elegans.
Golumha elecjans, Teraminck, Lcs Pigeons, t'ol. ]). 5(), pi. 22.
Phaps elegans (Temm.), Goukl, Hand)). E. Austr. ii. p. 125 (i8G5).
The Brush Bronze-wing Pigeon.
Hub. Australia.
687. Natural skeleton : mounted. (). C. 1427.
(roiiJd Collection .
Genus LEUCOSARCIA.
Gould, B. Austr. v. pi. 03 (1843).
Leucosarcia picata.
Columha picata ct 0. melanolenca , Latham, lud. Orn., Suppl. p. lix
(1801).
Leucosarcia picata (Lath.), Gould, Ilandb. B, Austr. ii. p. 120
(1865).
The Wonga-Wonga Pigeon.
Hab. New South Wales.
688. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales. Presented by Dr. E. l\ Ramsaij.
689. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1007. Pnrduiscd.
Genus PHLOG(ENAS.
Sclater, P. Z. 8. 1861, p. 366.
Phlogoenas crinigera.
Pampusanna crinir/era, Puchcran, Voy. Polo Sud, iii. p. 118
(1853).
Phlogoenas crinigera, Tweeddale, P. Z, S. 1877, p. 833.
Bartlett's Pigeon.
Hab. Sooloo Islands and Philippines.
690. Bones of trunk. From the Zoological Society.
691. Sternum, with slujulder-girdle. S. S. 997.
J' resented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
158
C0LUMR.7':.
Genus CALCENAS.
Gray, List Gen. B. p. 59 (1840).
Caloenas nicobarica.
Columba nicobarica, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 283 (176G).
Caloenas nicobarica, Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. ]). 2uy (1882).
The Nicobah Pigeon.
Ifah. Malay Arcliipelaoo to the Moluccas and Papuan Islands
692. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. 8. S. 2158.
From the Zoological Sociefi/,
Genus STARNCENAS.
Bonaparte, Comp. List B. Eur. & N. A. p. 41 (1838).
Starnoenas cyanocephala.
Columba ci/anocej^hala, Linnajus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 282 (1700).
Starnoenas cyanocephala, Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 221 (1889).
The Blue-heabed Pigeon.
Hab. Cul^a.
693. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2045.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus GOURA*.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xi. pt. 1, p. 119 (1819).
Goura coronata.
Columba coronata, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 282 (1766).
Goura coronata (L.), Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 191 (1882) ; Eyton,
Osteol. Av. pL 1 g ; Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelct. i. Taf. Ivii.
The Common Crowned Pigeon.
Hah. New Guinea.
694. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1424.
Brookes Collection.
* Cf. Meyer, Abbild. '\^)g■el-S]veletten, i. Taf. Ivi. {Goura vicforite).
i>ir>i. J 59
695. Bones of trunk. 0. (J. 1425. Hnnterian.
696. Sternum. 0. ('. U2G. Huntetdan.
697. Sternum, with slioulder-girdle, without left coracoid and
scapuk. S. S. 1765. Start's.
6:8. Pelvis. 0. 0. 1426 a.
699. Pelvis (bisected). 0. C. 1426 b.
Genus DIDUNCULUS.
Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped. viii. p. 208, pi. Ix. (1848).
Didunculus strigirostris.
Gnailiodon strigirostris, Jardinc, Ann. & Hag. Nat. Hist. xvi.
p. 175, pi. 9 "(1845).
Didunculus strigirostris (Jard.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr, ii. p. 550
(1865).
The Tooth-billed Pigeon.
Ila/j. Samoa Islands.
700. Natural skeleton : mounted. Specimen figured in Owen's
Memoir on the Dodo (Trans. Zool. Soc. vi. pis. ii., iii.
fig. 2). 0. C. 1424a. Presented hy Dr. George Bennett.
Suborder II. DIDI.
Genus DIDUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2G7 (17GG).
Didus ineptus.
Bidus ineptus, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i, p. 267(1766); Strickl. &
Melville, Dodo and its Kindred, p. 1, pis. v,-xii. (1848); Owen,
Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. vi. pp. 49-85 (1866) ; Clark, Ibis, 1866,
p. 141 ; Milne-Edwards, Ann. Sci. Nat. 1866, v. pp. 355-380,
pis. xiii.-xviii.
The Dodo.
160 COLUMB.i:.
Didus ineptus.
JJah. Mauritius.
701. Skeleton (imperfect). From the Miire aux Songes. 0. C.
A. 1424 A. Purdiaae.d.
702. Various bones (some exhibited in separate series). 0. C.
A. 1424 b. Presented Jnj ihe lihhop of Maui'itms.
703. Cast of head. A. 1424 b a. From the original in tlu'
Oxford Museum. Purcluised.
704. Sternum (injured). S. S. 1522.
Presented J>ij the Bisliop of Manritivs.
705. Oast of bones of the foot. 0. 0., A. 1424 b h. Purchased.
Genus PEZOPHAPS.
Strickland & Melville, Uodo and its Kindred, p. 4(3 (].'S48).
Pezophaps solitarius.
Didus soUtarins, Gmelin, Syst. ]S'at. ii. p. 728 (1788).
Pezophaps solitarius, Strickl. & Melville, Dodo and its Kindred,
p. 46, pis. xiii.-xT. (1848) ; A. Newton, P. Z. S. 18G5, p. 715 :
A. & E. Newton, Phil. Trans, vol. elix. pp. 327-362, pis. xv.-
xsiv. (1869): E. Newt. & J. W. Clark, op. cit. elxviii. pp. 438-
4.51, pis. xliv.-l. (1879).
The Solitaire.
Ilah. Rodriguez.
706, 707. Skeletons of male and female. A. 1424 D, E. Collected
in Rodriguez by Rev. H. H. Slater (Transit of Venus
Exjied. 1874). Presented hy the Poyal Societij.
708. Various bones. 0. C, A. 1424 f. From Rodriguez.
Collected hy the Rev. II. II. Slater.
709. Various bones. 0. C, A. 1424 c.
Presented hy Sir Edward, jXeictoji, K.C.M.G.
TROGONKS.
l()l
Order III. TilOGONES *.
[C'f. Sccbohm, t. c. p. 8; and Birds of Japanese Empire, p. 15i).]
A. Second digit reversed. The front plantar (^flexor jyi'^'/orau.'i
digiforum) split into two to lead to the two front toes, and
the hind plantar {Jiexoi- loiujus hallucU) split to lead into
the two hind-toes.
B. Palat(! schizoffnathous.
Left foot of Harpacfcs dnvauceli, to show tlie plantar t(;nd(iiis.
F.P. Flexor perforans digitoruni. F.Il. Flexor longus liallucis.
C. Basipterygoid processes present.
D. Spinal feather-tract well defined from nape to oil-gland, and
not forked.
E. Young, when hatched, hel[)less, and not passing through
a downy stage.
* Clf. Forbes, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 8-36 ; Eyton, Osteol. A v. pi, 12. fi;:-. 2
(])al.atine bones of Ilarpacfes rfimrardti).
I'AKT 111. M
W2
TROGONES.
Fig. 36.
mjSLj] j)7 jjfjf Ipq p
Ventral aspect of cranium of Troc/on jmeUn (enlarged). Letters as before.
Genus TROGON *.
Liunfeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 167 (1766).
Trogon mexicanus.
Trogon mexicanus, Swainson, Phil. Mag. p. 440 (1827) ; Gould,
Monogr. Trogon. pi. 7 (1875).
The Mexican Trogon.
Hah. Mexico.
710. Skeleton. From Guatemala. 0. C. 1467 c.
Presented Inj Oshert Sahiin, Esq., F.R.S.
711. Sternum. S. S. 2446.
Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.P.S.
Trogon puella.
Trogon puella, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, p. 18 ; id. Monogr.
Trogon. pi. 11 (1875).
The Uay-tailed Trogon.
Ilab. Central America.
* Cf. Eyton, Osteol. Av. pi. -Ib (skeleton of Trogon melanocephalus).
COCCYGES.
10;-i
712. Skeleton. From Guatoniala. O.V.UGln.
Presented hy O^hei't Salv'ni, Esq., F.Ii.S.
Order IV. COCCYGES.
[Cf. Seebohni, t. c. p. 10.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C Hallux always present, and connected with the fiiwor Io/h/us
hallucis, and not with the Jlexor perforans dif/ifonnii, which
leads to the second, third, and fourth digits.
D. Young, when hatched, helpless, and passing throngli a
downy stage before acquiring feathers.
A.
Sul)()rder 1. .\fUSOriIAGl*.
[Cf. Seebohm, t. c. p. 11.]
Palate desniou'iiathons.
Ventral aspect of cranium of MusopJtitf/a viulacea (fnlarj^ed).
Letters as before.
B. Plantars Galline.
C. Spinal tract well defined on neck, and not forked on back.
D. Oil-gland tufted.
* Cf. Eyton, Osteol. Av. pi. 2 v., pi. 1:5. ii;."-. '2 (^Turacus fiiifax).
m2
1 04 COCCYGES.
Genus MUSOPHAGA.
Isert, Journ. Phys. Paris, xxxiv. p. 458 (1789).
Musophaga violacea.
Mvsojihaga violacea, Iscrt, Schrift. ges. Natui-f. Freund. Berlin,
iii. p. is, pi. i. (1789); Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 448
(1891).
The Violet Touraco.
Hah. West Africa.
713. Articulated skeleton : mounted. From West Africa. 0. C.
1467 A.
Prepared from a specimen luhich died in the Zoological Gardens.
Musophaga, sp.
714. Skull. 0. C. 1467. Purchased.
Genus TURACUS.
Cuvier, Le(jons d'Anat. Comp. i. pi. ii. (1800).
Turacus persa.
Cucnlus persa, Linnaeus, Syst. ]*^at. i. p. 171 (1700).
Turacus persa (L.). Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 437(1891).
The Green-crested Touraco.
IM>. West Africa.
715. Sternum. S. S. 2404.
Presented Inj P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Suborder II. CUCULI.
[Of. Seebohni, t. c. p. 12.]
A. Basipterygoid processes absent.
B. Feet zygodactyle.
C. Plantars Galline.
D. Oil-gland ])resent, but nnd«\
E. Palate desmognatlious,
CUCULID/K.
11)5
Left lout ul' Eudynamis cijanoccphala, to show the anaugemont of
the plantar tendons. Letters as before.
Family CUOULID.^.
Subfamily C u c u Li n ^.
Genus COCCYSTES.
Gloger, Hand- und Hilfsb. p. 20?. rS42).
Coccystes glandarius.
Cuculus ghndarius, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 169, no. 5 (17t;G) ;
Eyton, Ostcol. Av. pi. 4 e.
Coccystes rjJanclarius (L.), SheUey, Cat. li. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 312
(1891).
The Great Spotted Cuckoo.
166
COCCYGES.
Coccystes glandarius.
Hah. S.W. Europe and N. Africa.
716. Skeleton of female. From Sooliag, Upper Egypt, Feb. o,
1874. 0. C. U77B.
Presented In/ Professor Flotver, F.P.S.
717. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Soobag. S. S. 2593.
Presented t>y Professor Floiver, F.R.S.
Coccystes coromandus.
Cuculus coromandus, Linuoeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 171 (1766).
Coccystes coromandus (L.), ShcUey, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 214
(1891).
The Eed-winged Chested Cuckoo.
II(d>. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, Burma, China, Malay
Peninsula, and Borneo.
718. Sternum (with right scapula). Ne})al. S. S. 1866.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus CUCULUS.
Jinsbon, Ornith. iv. p. 103 (1760)
Ventral at^pect nf cmniinu of Cuctilns rannrus (ciilarjicd). Letters a.< before.
CUCULID^. 167
Cuculus canorus.
CkcuIus canorus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 1G8 (176G); Shelley,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 245 (1891).
The Cuckoo.
Hub. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in Africa, India,
and the Moluccas.
719. Natural skeleton: mounted. 0. C. 1476. South Collection.
720. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
720 a. Skull. O.C. 147Gb. Purchased.
721. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle (wanting right
scapula). S. S. 1887.
Presented by Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
722. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1302.
Presented by Prof. Parker, F.R.S.
723. Sternum. From Nepal. P resented by B.H. Hodgson, Esq.
Cuculus pallidus.
Columha pallida, Latham, Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii. p. 270 (1801).
Cucidus ixdlidus, Shelley, Cat. B, Brit. Mus. xix. p. 201 (1891).
The Australian Cuckoo.
Hub. Australia and Tasmania.
724. Skeleton. From Tasnumia. 0. C 147Gc.
Gould Collection.
725. Skull. From Tasmania. Goidd Collection.
Genus CACOMANTIS.
S. Miill. Verh. Nat. Gesch. Land- en Volkenk. p. 177 (1842).
Cacomantis flabelliformis.
Cuculus Jiahelliforitiiii, Lath. Ind. ()rn., Sui)pl. ii. p. 30 (1801).
Cocomantis fiabelUfonnis, Shelley, Cat. Ii. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 2GG
(1891).
725 A. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Do-
l.royde, N. S. Wales [K. P. Ramsay). S. S. iUl.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, /I'.svy., F.R.S.
168 COCCYGES.
Genus CHALCOCOCCYX.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. iv. pt. 1, p. 15 (iSG2).
Chalcococcyx plagosus.
Cuculus pJagosu^, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. xxxi (1801).
LamprococcyM j^iJagosus (Lath,), Gould, Handb. E. Austr. i. p. (523
(1865).
Chalcococcyx 2>^<'!Josus (Lath.), Shello}-, Cat. E. Brit. Mus. xix.
p. 297 (1891).
The Bronze Cuckoo.
Hab. Australia.
728. Skeleton of male. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1476 d.
Gould Collection.
Genus COCCYZUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 28 (1816).
Coccyzus americanus.
Cuculus americanus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 170 (1766).
Coccyzus americanus (L.), Shelley, Cat. E. Brit, Mus. xix. p. :j08
(1891).
The Yellow-billed Cuckoo.
Ilah. N. America, wintering in S. America,
727. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (wanting right and left
scapulae). S. S. 1446.
Presented Inj the Sinitlisoruan Institution.
Genus EUDYNAMIS.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn, Soc. xv. p. 303 (1826),
Eudynamis cyanocephala.
Cuculus cyanocephalus, Latham, Ind. Oni., Suppl. ii. \). 30 (IbOl).
Eudynamis cyanocephahis, Shelley, Cat, B. Brit, Mus, xix, p, 324
(1891),
The Australian Koel.
Hah. Australia.
728. Skeleton of female, 0. C. 1477 d.
From the Zooloijical Socictij.
729. Sternum. 0. ('. 1477 c. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Piunm>/.
CUCULID.E. 169
730. Sternum (with right coracoid and left scapuhi). Chirence
River, Xew South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1354.
rresenled Jnj P. L. Sclater, Esq., FM.S.
Eudynamis honorata.
Cumins honoratHs, Linnajus, Syst. iS'at. i. p. IGO (1706).
Eudijnamis honorata (L.), bliellcy, Cat. B. lirit. Mus. xix. p. 316
(^1891).
The Indian Koel.
Hah. Indian reninsula and Ceylun.
731. Sternum of male (with right coracoid). S. S. l<Si»o.
Presented hy iJr. J. Andcrsvii, F.P.S.
Genus SCYTHROPS.
Latham, Index Ornith. i. p. 141 (1790).
Scythrops novae hollandiae.
Svi/thro2^s novoi hollandio', Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 141 (1790);
Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 330 (1891).
The Channel-bill Cuckoo.
Hah. Australia to the Molucca I?^land:«.
732. Sternum of female (with right coracoid and scapula).
From Richmond River, N. S. Wales (E. P. Pamsai/).
S, S. 1355. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., FJi.S.
Subfamily C e n t R o r o i) i n ^ .
Genus CENTROPUS.
Illigcr, Prodromus, p. 20b (1811).
Centropus phasianus.
Cuculus jdiasianus, Latham, Ind. Urn., Suppl. ii. p. 30 (1801).
Centropus jdiasianus (Lath.), Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 340
(1891).
The Pheasant Coucal.
Hah. Australia.
733. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Richmond
River, N. S.Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1353.
Presented l>y P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
170 COCCYGES.
Centropus ateralbus.
Centropiis ateralbus, Lesson, Feriiss. Bull, Sc. Nat. vii. p. 113
(1826).
Nesocentor ateralbus (Lessou), Salvadori, Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 384
(1880).
The Pied Coucal.
Hah. New Ireland and New Britain.
734. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From New Ireland.
S. S. 2440. Presented Inj P. L. ScJater, Esq., F.R.S.
Centropus, sp.
735. Skeleton. 0. C. 1477 a. Stores, 1868.
Centropus bengalensis.
Cuculus bengalensis, Gmelin, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 412 (1788).
Centropus bengalensis (Gm.), Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xis. p. 352
(1891).
The Indian Coucal.
Hab. India and the Burmese countries to China.
736. Sternum of female (with left coracoid and scapula).
S. S. 1882. Presented hi Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Subfamily Phcenicophain^*.
GcQus SAUROTHERA.
Vieillot, Analyse, pp. 28, 70 (1816).
Saurothera vetula.
Cuculus vetula, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 169 (1766).
Saurothera vettila (L.), Cory, B. W. Ind. p. 18 (1885) ; Shelley,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 370 (1891).
The Jamaica Cuckoo.
Hah. Jamaica.
* Meyer, Abbild. Voj>-el-Skelet. Lief. iii. laf. xviii. {Lcpidvgranunux
vumiiKji).
CUC'ULIDvE. 171
737. Skeleton (imperfect). Presented by H. E. Dresser, Esq.
738. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1447.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus HYETORNIS.
Sclater, Cat. Am. Birds, p. 321 (1862).
Hyetornis pluvialis.
Gucidus pluvudis, Graehn, Syst. Nat. i. p. 411 (1788).
Hyetornis pluvi(dis (Gm.), Cory, List B. W. Ind. i. p. 19 (1885);
Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 372 (1891).
The Eain Cuckoo.
Hah. Jamaica.
739. Sternum of male (with right coracoid and scapula).
S. S. 1448. Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus TACCOCUA.
Lesson, Traiti' d"Orn. p. 143 (1831).
Taccocua sirkee.
Centropus sirkee, Gray, 111. Ind. Zool. i. pi. 28 (1830).
Taccocua sirkee (Gm.), Jerd. B. Ind. i. p. 353 (1862); Shelley,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 387 (1801).
The Bengal Sirkeer.
Hah. India.
740. Sternum of female (with right coracoid and scajjula).
S. S. 11)15. Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.Ii.S.
172 COCCYGES.
Subfanii \y N E o Ji o H P H I N ^ .
Geuus GEOCOCCYX.
Witglcr, Isis, p. 524 (1831). Of. Shufcklt, Jouni. Anat. & Phys. xx.
p. 244 ; Eytou, Osteol. Av. p]. 5 e {G. meximnus).
Geococcyx affinis.
Geococcif.v ciffinls, Hartlaub, Kev. Zool. Ib44, p. 215; Shelley, Cat.
B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 241 (isui).
TuE Mexican Ground-Cuckoo.
JIab. Mexico and Guatemala.
741. Skeleton. From Guatemala.
Presented hij Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
742, 743, 744. Skull, sternum, and pelvis of above specimen.
S. S. 2130-2132.
Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
Subfamily Crotophagin^.
Genus CROTOPHAGA.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 154 (17(3(3).
Crotophaga ani.
Crotopharja ani, Linnaeus, J. c. ; Sclatcr & Salvin, Nomcncl. Av.
Neotrop. p. 107 (1873) ; Shelley, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xix. p. 429
(1891).
The Great Savana Cuckoo.
Uab. Southern United States; Central America to South
America.
745. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Jamaica. S. S.
1243. Gosse Collection,
PICART.'E.
173
Subclass C0RACIIF0R3IES.
\_Cf. Scebohm, Classif. B. p. 10.]
Order I. V1GA.V.IM.
Suborder I. IIALC TONES.
Family COLIID^. *.
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Sternum with four notches on the posterior margin.
D. All the toes directed forwards, the first prol);d)ly rever-
sible.
E. Hallux present, and connected with the jle.vor perforcms
digitorum : the two plantar tendons blended.
Ventral view of skull of Coliut cnpcnm (enlarged). Letters as before.
F. Spinal feather-tract well defined on neck and not forked on
the back : no bare tracts on the breast.
* Cf. Murie, Ibis, 1872, pp. 262-280, pi. x. ; Garr.id, P- /- S. 1876,
pp. 416-420; Forbes. Ibis, 1^81. p. 24.
174 riCARi^E.
Genii8 COLIUS*.
Brisson, Ornitli. iii. p. 304 (1700).
Colius colius.
Loxia colius, Linnteus. Syst. Xat. i. p. 301 (1706).
Colitis capensis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 842 (1788); Sharpe, ed.
Layard's Birds S. Afr. pp. 552, 853 (1884).
The Cape Coly.
Ilah. South Africa.
746. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. A. 1478 a.
Purchased.
747. Natural skeleton of niale : mounted.
Prefiented hi/ Afr. .7. AhraJiams.
Family AL( ^EDINIDJE f.
A. Palate desmognatlious.
B. Basipterygoid j)rocesses absent.
Fi-.-H.
■mpl p pi
PO
Ventral aspect of skull of Dacelo giyas. Letters as before.
* Cf. Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelet. Lief. x. Taf. xciii. {Colius nii/ricullis).
i' Cf. Murie, ' Anatomy of the Kingfishers ' ; Garrod, P. Z. S. 1873,
p. 629, 1874, p. 510; Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelet. Lief. iii. Taf.xvi. {Cittura
sanyhirensis), Taf. xvii. {Tanysipfera f/alafen and Sauromarptis (/aiidichaudi).
ALCKDINID.K.
175
C. Feet anisodactvle. Hallux connected with tlic flexor per-
forans dir/itoriaii.
Left foot of Dacelo gujas, to show plantar tendons. Letters as before.
D. Spinal feather-tract well defined on neck, and not forked on
the back : ventral feather- tract not only split in the centre,
but also on each side of the breast by bare tracts.
Genus ALCEDO.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 178 (1766).
Alcedo ispida''.
Alcedo is^pida, Linnjcus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 179 (1760); Sliarpc,
Monogr. Alced. p. 1, pi. 1 (1870) ; Eyton, Ostcol. Av. pi. 5 b.
fig. 2.
The Common Kingfisher.
Hah. Europe.
* Cf. Meyer, Ahbild. Vogel-Skelet. Lief. vii. Taf. Ixiii. {Alcedo hpidoides).
17G PICARI/E.
Alcedo ispida.
748. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1479. South Collection.
749. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1478.
Fresented by Sir Antliony Carlide, F.R.S.
750. Skeleton. 0. C. 1478 c. Purchased.
751. Skull. O.C. 1478 b. Purchased.
753. Skull of male. Alps. Purchased.
753. Skull of female. South Germany. Purchased.
754. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Froui the Zoological Society.
755. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Purcliased.
756. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1038. Purcliased.
Alcedo bengalensis.
Alcedo tyemjalensis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 450 (1788); Sharpe,
Monogr, Alced. p. 11, pi. 2 (1870).
The Little IndTxVN Kingfisher.
Ilah. The greater })art of Asia. Indian Peninsula, Malayan
Archipelago, China, and Japan.
757. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left scapula.
S. S. 1877. Presented hy Ih. .1. Anderson, F.li.S.
Genus ALCYONE.
Swaiuson, Classif. of B. ii. p. 33G (1837).
Alcyone azurea.
Alcedo azurea, Latham, Ind. Orn., 8uppl. ii. p. xxxii (1801).
Alcyone azurea, Sharpe, Monogr. Alccd. p. 41, pi. 13 (1870).
The Azure Kingfisher.
Ilal>. Australia.
ALL'KDINID.'!';. 177
758. Stornnin of mule, with ^houliler-^i^ircllc. From Cl;ir<Mice
River, N. S. Wales [E. P. Ramsa>j). S. S. 1359.
Presented Inj P. L. Sclafer, Es,/., F.U.S.
Genus CERYLE.
Boie, Tsis, p. :nr, (IS2S).
Ceryle rudis.
Alcedo riidis, Liiiiia)us, 8yst. Xat. i. p. 181 (176()).
Oerj/Ie nidis, Sharpc, Monogr. Aleed. p. 61, pi. 19 (ISJl).
The Pied Kingfisher.
Hah. From Persia and Asia Minor to Palestine and E<i;yj)t,
and thronghout Africa.
759. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Egypt. S. S. 250(5.
Presented hy Professor FUncer, F./'.S.
Ceryle maxima.
Alcedo maxima, Pallas, Spicil. Zool. fase. iv. p. 1-4 (17'>0).
Ceryle maxima, Sharpe, Monogr. Alcecl. j). 07, pi. 20 (1809).
The Great African Kingfisher.
Hah. Africa.
760. 8kull. Cape Colony. 0. C. U82b.
Presented hy F. R. Snrlees. E.<'/.
Ceryle alcyon *.
Alcedo alcyon, Linnasus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 180 (1700).
Ceryle alcyon, Sharpe, Monogr. Alced. p. 79, pi. 2'.> ( 1808).
The Belted Kingfisher.
/lull. North and Central America.
761. Sternum. Presented hy the Snutlison'mn Tnstitulion.
762. Sternum, with slioulder-gii'dle. From Jamaica. S. S.
1240. Go6se Collection.
* ('/. Sluileldt, Jijurii. Aiuit. iiiid I'liys. x\V\. p. .■'."'■•.
TAKT III. N
178 PICARIVE.
Ceryle amazona.
Alcedo amazona, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 237 (1790).
Ceryle amazona, Sharpo, Mouogr. Alced. p. 83, pi. 24 (1869).
The Amazon Green Kingfisher.
Hah. Central and South America.
763. Skeleton. From Guatemala. [Cranium and sternum
exhibited in separate series.]
Presented hy Osbert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
764. Cranium of above specimen. S. S. 2133.
Presented by Osbert Sedrin, Esq., F.B.S.
765. Sternum of above specimen. S. S. 2134.
Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus CEYX.
Lacc-pede, Ml^ib. Tlnst. iii. p. 511 (1801).
Ceyx solitaria.
Cet/:c solitaria, Temminck, PI. Col. 595 ; Sharpe, Monogr. Alced.
p. 115, pi. 38 (1868).
The Solitary Kingfisher.
Hah. Papuasia and the Moluccas.
766. Skeleton. From New Ireland ; collected by Mr. Brazier.
Presented hy P. L. Mater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus HALCYON.
Swalnson, Zool. Illustr. i. pi. 27.(1820-21).
Halcyon smyrnensis.
Alcedo sm/t/rnevsis, Linnfieus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 181 (1766).
Halcyon smyrnensis, Sharpe, Monogr. Alced. p. 161, pi. 59
(1870).
The White -breasted Kingfisher.
ALCKDINIU.E. 179
Hah. From Asia Minor to Iinliu ami Malaisia, extendiiicr to
South China.
767. Sternum of male, with slioulder-girJle, wan ting riglit sca-
puhi. S.S.I 896.
Pvei^eatedhij Dr. .1. Anderson, F.R.S.
Halcyon macleayi.
Hcdci/on raacleaj/ii, Jai'diiie et Solby, III. Orn. pi. KH.
Halcijon macleayi, Sharpe, ^louogr. Alcod. p. 207, pi. 78 (1870).
Macleay's Kingfisher.
Hal). Austraha.
768. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From (Jlarence
Eivor, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1075.
Presente.d by P. L. Sclafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Halcyon saurophaga.
Halcjion sauropluKjus, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 103.
Halcyon aVmdla, Sharpe, 3Ionogr. Alced. p. 107, pi. 73
(1871, pt.).
The White-and-Greex Kingfisher.
Hah. Papuan Islands.
769. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From New Ireland.
S. S. 2557. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Halcyon chloris.
Akedo chlons, l5oddaert, Tal.l. PI. Enl. p. 49 (1783).
Jlalcijon cldor'iA. Sharpe, :Monogr. Alced. p. 229, pi. 87 (1870).
The White-collared Kingfisher.
//((/'. Indo-Malayan Region and Austro-Malayan Islands.
770. Steriinm, with slioulder-girdle. Xew Ireland. S. S. 2558.
Presented hy l\ f.. Srhitf-r. K^q,, F.R.S.
y 2
180 pjc'Ai;i/i;.
Halcyon sanctus.
Halcyon sanctus^ Vig. et Horsf. Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 206
(1826) ; Sharpe, Monogr. Alced. p. 239, pi. 91 (1870).
The Sacred Kingfisher.
Hah. Australia and Austro-Malayan Islands.
771. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1480 a.
Govld Collection.
112. Sternum, with slioulder-girdle. New Ireland. S. S. 2559.
Presented hij P. L. Sc/ater, Esq., F.R.S.
Geuus DACELO.
Leach, Zool. Misc. ii. p. 125, pi. 100 (1815).
Dacelo gigas.
Alcedo gigas, Boddaert, Tabl. des PI. Enl. p. 40 (1783).
Dacelo gigas, Sharpe, Monogr. Alced. p. 285, pi. 112 (1870).
The Laughing Kingfisher.
Hah. Australia.
773. Skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. J. Ahrahaius.
114:. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. (J. 1481. Hunterian.
lib. Skull. 0. C. 1482. Presented hy Dr. George Bennett.
lie. Cranium. 0. C. 1482 A. Presented hy C. E. Porter, Esq.
111. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle (wanting left
coracoid and scapula). Clarence Eiver, N. S. Wales {E.
P. Ram.my). S. S. 920.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.E.S.
Family MOMOTID^ *.
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
* (;/: tiarrnd, 1'. Z. 8. 1878, pp. 100-10i>.
MOMOTIL)^.. 181
C. Sternum with four ]lotcll(^s on posterior inurgin converted
into foramina.
D. Spinal feather-tract well defined on neck and not forked on
u})per back.
E. Hallux always present, and connected with the fiexor perfo-
rans dig'dorum.
Gcjius MOMOTUS *.
Brisson, Orii. iv. 2>. -t'35 (17<JU).
Momotus lessoni.
Momotus lessoni. Lesson, llevue Zool. 1842, p. 174 ; Scl. & Salv.
Xomencl. Av. p. 102 (l«73j.
Lesson's Motmot.
Hah. Central America.
778. Skeleton. Guatemala. [Skull and sternum exhibited in
separate series.]
Presented hij Oshert Sulviii, Esq., F.R.S.
779. Cranium of above specimen. S. S. 2124.
1' resented Inj Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
780. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, of above specimen. S. S.
2125. Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
Gcmis EUMOMOTA.
«clater, P. Z. S. lb.37, p. 257.
Eumomota superciliaris.
Priunitts ( Cr;fpticiis) siiptrcUiaris, Jurdiiie & Selby, lllustr. Orn.
iv. pi. 18.
Eiimotiiota super c'diuris, Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. A.v. p. 103 (1873).
The Eyebrowed Motmot.
Ilah. Central Aniei'ic".
* Cf. Joytnii, Oslt'ol. Av. pi. Ii'. tig. li^ (palatiiiv boiio.-^ ui' M. hrasilicnsis).
182 PICAEI^.
Sumomota superciliaris.
781. Skeleton. From Guatemala. [Sternum and pelvis ex-
hibited in separate series.]
Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
782. Sternum of aLove specimen, with shoulder-girdle. S. S.
2116. Presented hy Oshert Salvin, Esq., F.R.S.
783. Pelvis of above specimen.
Presented hy Oshert Scdvin, Esq., F.R.S.
Family TODID^ *.
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Sternum, with four notches on the posterior margin, open,
and not converted into foramina.
D. Hallux present and connected with the Jled'or jjerforans digi-
toruni.
E. Spinal feather-tract well defined on neck, and not forked on
the back.
(tciius TODUS.
frisson, Orii. iv, p. 528 (1760).
Todus viridis.
Todm viridis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 178 (17GG) ; Eyton. Osteol.
Av. pi. 5 B. fig. 1 ; Cory, Birds \Yest Indies, p. 164 (1889).
The Green To«y.
JIah. Jamaica.
784. Sternum of male, witli >liouldcr-girdle. S. S. 14(j(i.
Presented hy tlie Sniitlisonian Institution.
« Muric, r. Z. S. Is7l'; vi>. liCl-CSO. pi. iv.; Fmbrs. P. Z. S. 1882,
pp. -142-4.J0.
CYPSELID^. 183
Sul)onler 11. CO RACINE.
[Cy. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 21.]
Family CYPSELIDJ^ *.
A. Palate aigitho^nathous.
B. BasipterjgoiJ processes absent.
C All foiu* toes directed forwards.
D. Hallux present and connected \\itli the jiexor perj'orans di<ji-
tonim.
E. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck, but forked on
the upper back.
Genus CYPSELUS.
lUigcr, rrodromus, p. 221) (1811).
Cypselus apus.
JJiriindo apus^ Liniuciih;, Syst. Xat. i. p. 344 (1766).
Cypselus apus, Sclater, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 504 ; Eyton, Ostcol. Av.
pi. A bis.
The Common Swift.
Hub. Europe and Western Asia, wintering in Africa.
785. Skeleton. 0. C. 1517 a. Yurrell Coll.
786. Natural skeleton : mounted (toes defective). 0. C. 1517.
South Coll.
787. Skeleton. O.C. 1517 b. Purchased.
788. Skull. 0. C. 1818. I'urchased.
789. Stcrnuiu. with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1252.
Presented by Professor W. K. Parker, F.R.S.
790. Hyoidean arch.
* Cf. Sclater, P. Z. S. 1805, p. r,04 ; Forbes, Ibis, 1882, p. :J8U; Slmfeklt,
P.Z. S. 1885, p. 880, 1880, p. 501 ; Lucas, Auk, jii. p. 444; Shufeldt, Auk,
iii. p. 491, iv. p. 8 ; Stcjneger, Auk, iv. p. 170; Lucas, Auk, iv. p. 171,
vi. p. 8 ; Parker, Zool. 1889, pp. 91 95. Cf. also Meyer, AbbiM. \'ogel-
Skelet. i. Taf. xlvi. ( ('iillocnlin fitriphni/a).
184 PK'AHi.i'.
Geuus PANYPTILA.
Cabanis, Arch. f. Xaturgosch. xiii. pt. 1, p. o4o (1847).
Panyptila melanoleuca.
Ci/pselus vieluHoleurvs, Baird, Proc. Philad. Acad. 1854, p. 118.
Panyptila melanoleuca, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 607.
The White-throated Swift.
JIah. Western United States to Central America.
791. Bones of rinlit and left pes {cf. Sclater, t. c. p. 51»6).
Presented hij P. L. Sclater, Jl!.^(j., F.P.S.
Geuus CH-fflTURA*.
Stepheus, Geii. Zool. xiii. pt. 2, p. 76 (1825).
Chsetura caudacuta.
Hirutido caudacuta, Latham, lud. Orn., tSuppl. p. 57 (1801).
Cha4ura caudacuta, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 103 (1865).
The Spine-tailed Swift.
Hall. E. Australia and Tasmania.
792. Skeleton. From Australia. O.C. 1517 c. Goahl Coll.
793. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. Ilichmond lliver,
N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay) . S. S. 1856.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus MACROPTERYXf.
Kwainson, Zool. Illustr. ser. 2, p. 11, pi. xlvii. (1831).
Macropteryx coronata.
Hirimdo coronata, Tickell, J. A. S. Beng. ii. p. 580 (1833).
Macropterijx coronata, Oates, cd. Hume's iS^ests and Eggs Ind. B.
iii. p. 36 (1890).
The Indian Crested Swift.
IJah. India.
794. Sternum of male, with slioulder-girdle. S. S. Ic^lH).
Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
* Cf. Sclater, P.Z. S. 186.5, p. o9().
t Cy. Sclater, P.Z. S. 186-3, p. 595; Lucas, Auk, vi. p. 13 (1889).
CAPHlMULGlIt^.
185
Family CAPRI MULGIDiE *.
A. Palate .Tgitbognatlious, tlio vomer truncated heliind.
B, Basipterygoid processes present.
Fijr. 4;!.
Tiipl.jo- pi hp(jf.p. p9
^'eutral aspect of craniiiin (jf ('(iprimidijus eurojuciis (enlarged), to
show vomer. Letters as before.
C. Hallux present and connected with the jiexor pcrforans digi-
tornm.
D. Spinal feather-tract well detined on the neck, but forked on
the U[)per back.
Genus NYCTIBIUS.
Vielliot, Analyse, pp. ;iS-70 (iSKi).
Nyctibius jamaicensis.
Caprimiil(/i(s jamaicensis, Gmelin, Syst. I^at. ii. p. 1029 (1788).
Nyctibiwi jumaiceimis, Cory, Birds West Iiulios, p. VS^ (1889).
The Jamaica Night-Hawk.
Iiah. Jamaica.
* Vf. ^clater, I'roe. Zool. Soc. \f<m, pj). ll'.-M4") ; Sliiifeldt, »p. rif. 1885,
]). 835.
186 PICAKI^.
Nyctibius jamaicensis.
795. Sternum, with sboulder-girdle. Jamaica. S. S. 1239.
Gosse Collection..
796. Bones of digits of left foot {cf. Sclater, P. Z. S. 186(J,
p. 125).
Presented hij P. L. Sclater, Esq.^ F.R.S.
Genus CAPRIMULGUS.
Brisson, Oru. ii. p. 470 (1700).
Caprimulgus europaeus.
Caprimulgus europcms, Linnaeus, tSyst. Nat, i. p. 346 (1766) ;
Dresser, Birds Eui-. iv. p. 261 (1875).
The Common Nightjar.
Hah. Europe, eastwards to Persia and Turkestan, wintering
in South Africa.
797. Skeleton. 0. C. 1524. South Coll.
798. Skeleton. 0. C. 1524 a. Yarrell Coll.
799. Skeleton. 0. (J. 1524 c. Stores, 18{)8.
800. Skull. 0. C. 1524 B. Purchased.
801. Skull (end of mandible wanting). 0. C. 1525.
Hunterian.
802. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
803. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1251. Purchased.
Caprimulgus monticolus.
Cajjrinndgus monticolus, Franklin, P. Z. S. 1830-31, p. 116 ; Jerd.
B. Ind.Y p. 198(1862).
Franklin's Nightjar.
Hah. India to Burmah and Tenasserim.
804. Sternum of female, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S.
188o. I'rescnted hij Dr. J. Anderson, F.P.S.
CAPKI.MULGID^-:. 187
Genus ANTROSTOMUS.
Nutiall, Man. Orn. U. S. ed. 2, Land Birds, p. 730 (Boston, 1840).
Antrostomus vociferus.
Caj3inmulgusvociferus,V^^ihon,Amcr. Orn. v. p. 71, pi. 41. figs.
1-3 (1812).
Antrostomus vociferus, Sclater, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 180(5, p. 137.
The WHip-pooR-"VyiLL.
Ilab. Central and Eastern United States to Central America.
805. Bones of digits of foot {cf. Sclater, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 125).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus CHORDEILES.
Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am. (Birds), p. 496 (1831).
Chordeiles texensis.
Chordeiles texensis, Lawrence, Ann. Ljc. N. York, vi. p. 167
(1856) ; A. 0. U. Cheek-list N. Amer. B. p. 221.
The Texan Nightjar.
Hah. Central America.
806. Skeleton. From Guatemala. [Sternum exhibited in sepa-
rate series.] Presented Inj Oshert Scdvin, Esq., F.R.S.
807. Skeleton. From Guatemala.
Presented hy Oshert Salrin, Esq., F.R.S.
808. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, of above specimen. S. S.
2122. Presented hy Oshert Salrin, Esq., F.R.S.
809. Bones of foot. {Cf. P. Z. S. 1866, p. 134.)
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus NYCTIDROMUS.
Gould, Icoiie.s Av. part 2 (1838).
Nyctidromus albicollis.
CaiirimiAhjus alhicoUis, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 1030 (1788).
Nyctidromv.s albicollis, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 97(1873).
The AVuite-necked Nigutjau or Paranque.
188 PICARI^.
Nyctidromus albicollis.
Hub. Central and iSouth America.
810. Bones of foot. {Cf. Sclater, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 124.)
Presented hy F. L. Sclater^ J^sg., F.R.S.
Genus EUROSTOPODUS.
Gould, P. Z. y. I«y7, p. 142.
Eurostopodus maculatus.
Caprimidgus alhogularis, Vigors & Horsfield, Trans, Linn. Soc.
XV. p. i94 (1825).
Eurostopodus cdbogidaris, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 96 (1865).
The AVhite-throated Nightjar.
llah. Australia.
811. Skeleton (not quite perfect). 0. (*. 1525 a.
Gould Collection.
Genus .ffiGOTHELES.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. yoc. xv. p. 194 (1826).
.ffigotheles novae-hollandiae.
Caprlmulgus novce-lwllandice, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. OS'S (1873).
yEgotheles novce-Jiollandict', Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 79
(1865).
The Owlet Nightjar.
Hah. S. Australia and Tasmania.
812. Skeleton. From Tasmania. 0. C 1527. Ilantenan.
813, Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1526.
(jroald Collection.
PODAIKilD.K.
181»
Family PODARGIDtE *.
[_Cf. Seebohm, Classif. H. p. 21.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basiptervgoid processes absent.
C. Hallux present and connected with the jie.vov •perforaus di<ji-
tornm.
Fig. 44.
.^:
Ventral aspect of skull of Podanjus dric/oidea (enlarged). Letters as before.
D. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck, but forked on
the upper back.
E. Powder-down patches on each side of the rump.
Genus PODARGUS.
\ieillot, Nonv. Dirt. d'Kist. Nat. xxvii. p. 151 (1818).
Podargus strigoides.
Caprinmlgus strigoides, Latham, lud. Orn., Suppl. p. 58.
Podargus strigoides, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 84 (1805).
The Tawny-shouldered Podargus.
* (f. Evton, Osteol. \\. pi. 1 li (skeleton ui I'uf/an/us /t/niirra/is).
190 PICART^.
Podargus strigoides.
Ilah. New South Wales.
814. Skeleton. 0. C. 1528 b. Gould CoUedion.
815. Skull. 0. C. 1528 a. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
Presented Jnj C. E. Povtei', Esq.
816. Sternum. From New South Wales.
Presented hij Dr. E. P.Ramsaij.
Podargus cuvieri.
Podargus cwi'i'er?, Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 200 ;
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. i. p. 87 (18G5).
Cuvier's Podargus.
II(d>. Tasmania.
817. Natural skeleton: mounted: with horny parts of mandible
and tongue preserved. 0. C. 1528. Gould Collection.
Podargus plumiferus.
Podargus 2)lumifer us, Gould, P. Z. S. xiii. p. 104; Gould, Handb.
B. Austr. i. p. 93 (1865).
The Plumed Podargus.
Hah. New South Wales.
818. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. From Clai-ence
River, N. S. Wales. S. S. 1305.
Presented hj Dr. E. P. P(irnsa)j.
Family STEATORNITHID^ *.
[C/. Seebobm, Classif. B. p. 21.]
A. Palate desmognathous, the palatines meeting across the
median line, each being folded upon itself behind the junc-
tion.
* Parker, P. Z. S. 1880. pp. ] (11 -100. pis. xvii.-xx.
STEATOUNITHID^.
191
B. Basipterygoid processes present.
C. Dorsal vertebroe opistlioeoelous.
D. Sternum with two notches on the jiosterior maroin.
«r"
Ventral aspect of cranium of Steatornix c<iriepc>ms (enlarged).
Letters as before.
E. Hallux present and connected with the flexor pe)fora)is cllgi-
torum.
F. Spinal feather-tract well ilefined on the neck, l)nt forked on
the upj)er hack.
Genus STEATORNIS.
Humholclt, Bull. Soc. Philomatique, Paris, 1817, p. 51 ;
Garrod. P. Z. S. 1873, p. 526.
Steatornis cariepensis.
Steatornis cariepensis, Humboldt, Eull. Soc. Philom. 1817, p. 51 ;
Sclater & Salvia, jSTomencl. Av. p. 97 (1873).
The Oil-bird.
Hah. Colombia, Venezuela, and Tiinidad, to Peru.
819. Skull. 0. C. 1528 D.
Presenfed h,j P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
192 PICARI^..
Family CORACIID.?^.
A. Palate desmo^nathous ; the vomer externally attennated.
B. Basipterygoid processes rudimentary.
C. Sternum with four notches on llie ])Osterior margin, and
having a pointed episternnl apophysis.
D. Feet anisodactyl(\
E. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck Ijv lateral bare
tracts, but dividing into two tracts on tlie up[)er buck.
(lenus CORACIAS.
Liiinreus, Syst. jS'at. i. p. 15i) (1760).
Coracias garrulus.
Corncias gnrridus, Liniiseus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 1.59 (1766); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mas. xvii. p. 1-5.
The Common Holler.
JIah. Elurojte and Central Asia, wintering in Africa.
820. Natural skeleton : mounted (ribs and toes defective). 0. C.
1484. South Collect ioN.
Coracias indicus.
Coracias iudica, Limiivn^, Syst. Xat. i. p. 159 (1766); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mas. xvii. p. 10 ; Eyton, Osteol. Av. pi. 2 b.
The Indian Roller.
JfdJj. Indian Peninsula, extending west to Asia Minor.
821. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1485.
South Collect /'oil.
822. Sternum. S.S.I 889.
Presented hif I >i\ J. Anderson, F./'.S.
Genus EURYSTOMUS *.
Vieillot, Analyse, pp. 'A7, 70 (1S16).
Eurystomus australis.
Eurystomus australis, Swainsou, An. in ^Iciing. p. 326 (1827) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. xvii. p. 36.
* Cf. Eyton, Osteol. Av. pi. ?. B (skeleton of K orif^nfalis) ; Mever, ALbild.
Ndnel-Skelet. i. Tnf. Ixxx. {E. afer).
MERurinyi;.
11)3
The Australian Roller.
Hah. Australia and the Molucca Islands.
823. Natural skeleton : mounted (feet defective, and pollux of
left wing wanting). 0. 0. 1483. Hiinterian.
824. Sternum of female, with shoulder-oinllc From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales. Presented />// Dr. K. P. Ramsay.
825. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Richmond River,
N. S. W. [E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1358.
Presented hij P. L. Sdafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Eurystomus crassirostris.
Eurystomus crassirostris, Sciater, Proc. Zool. Soe. 18'>9, p. 121.
The Stout-billed Roller.
Ila(>. Papuan Islands.
825 a. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2437.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Ps<j., F.L'.S.
Family MEROPIDJ^:.
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid i)roeesses absent.
C. Episterna] process forked and perforated to receive the sternal
ends of the coracoids.
Fio-. 4(;.
I>ateral view of sterna of Mcrops persicus and AnfJiacoceros convcrvs, to sliow
the perforation or notch of the episterual process ; it lies immediatel}' in
front (above in figure) of tlie groove for the coracoid.
D. Sternum, with four notches on posterior margin.
E. Hallux present and connected with the Jiexor perforans diyi-
forum, and not with the /fi'-vor lonyus hallucis.
F. Spinal feather-tract well dclin('(l on tlic neck, lint not forked
on the back.
I'AliT 111. o
194 piparIvt:.
Genus MEROPS*.
Linuicus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 182 (1766).
Merops persicus.
Merops 2^ersici{s, Ptillas, Eeise E.uss. lleichs, ii. Aiih. p. 708 (1773) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xvii. p. 66 (1891).
The Blue-cheeked Bee-eater.
Hah. Africa, Ihrough Asia Minor and Persia to India.
826. Skeleton, from Cairo (April 1874). A. 1483 b.
Presented by Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
827. ISternum (with coraeoids). Cairo. S. S. 2598.
Presented hy Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
Merops philippinus.
Merops philippmus. Linua?us, Sjst. Nat. 13th edit. (Yindob.) i.
p. 183 (1807) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xvii. p. 71 (1891).
The Blue-tailed Bee-eater.
Ilah. Indian Peninsula and Indo-Malayan region.
828. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1901.
Presented hij lh\ J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Merops ornatus.
Merops ornaivs, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. xxxv (ISOl) ; 8harpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. xvii. p. 74 (1891).
The Australian Bee-eater.
Jldh. Australia and the Moluccas.
829. Skeleton, i'rom Western Australia. A. 1483 A.
Gould Collection.
830. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From New Britain. S. S.
2562. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* Cf. Eyton, 0.>teol. Av. pi. 12. fig. 7 (palatine bones of Merops bi-
color) ; Meyer, Abbild. Voo-el-Skelet. i. Taf. v. (Meropor/on forstnii),
Taf. Ixxxiv. (3/. roiffo/ejisis).
BTTCRROTES. l!),")
Merops viridis.
Alerops viridis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. ]). 182 (1700) ; Shar;)(\ (";it.
B. Brit. Mus. xvii. p. 78 (1891).
Little GtReen Bee-ea.ter.
Hah. Nortli Africa, through Persia to India and l>iii'ina.
831. Skoleton. From Upper Eoypt. 0. C. A. 1483 c.
Presented hy Prof. Flowe>', F.B.S.
832. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle. From Egypt. S. S. 2597.
Presented h// Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
833. Sfernuni, with shoulder-girdle. From India. S. S. 1902.
Presented l>>j Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Snlmnh'r III. BUCEROTKS.
A. Palate (h'smognathous.
B, Basipterygoid processes present.
(J. Sternum with two notches in posterior margin ; tlie e pi-
sternal process perforated to receive the sternal ends of
the coracoids. (See fig. 4G, p. 193.)
U. Hallux })resent, and connected with the Jie.vor perforans
digitornni instead of the fexor lon</us halluax.
E. Spinal feather-tract not defined on the neck, whicli has no
lateral bare tracts.
(Unas BUCORVUS.
Lesson, Traitt' d'Orn. \). 2.")0 (18.")1).
Bucorvus abyssinicus.
Bnceros alii/ssinicus-, Boddacrt, Tul)l. PL Eiihiin. no. 779 (178;^).
Bucorvus ahyssinicus, Elliot, Monogr. Buccrot. \)]. i. (1877).
The Abyssinian Ground-Hornbill.
Tlah. N.E. Africa.
834,835. Skulls of male and female. " Adda Gomba." 0. C.
1504, 1505. Presented hij ILnrn Salt, Esq.
o2
196 picarite.
Genus BUCEROS.
Linntcus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 153 (1700).
Buceros rhinoceros.
Bnceros rJiinoceros, Linnsbxis, Sjst. Nat. i. p. 153 (17G6); Elliot,
Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 4 (1877).
The Rhinoceros Hornbill.
IJah. Malay Peninsula ; Sumatra, Borneo.
836. Skeleton, from Sumatra. 0. C, 1487 a. [Many of the
bones mounted in the separate series.]
Presented Inj Sir Stamford Raffles.
837. Mandibles and casque, longitudinally bisected. 0. C.
1492. Hunterlan.
838. Skull, with top of casque removed. 0. ('. 1488.
Hunterlan.
839. Skull, with top of casque removed. 0. (J. 1489.
Hiinterian.
839 A. Sternum, with right clavicle, coracoid, and scapula.
From Sumatra. S. S. 812 A.
Presented hi/ Sir Stamford Ra,fles, Bart.
840. Bill, with casque. 0. C. 1490.
Presented hi/ the British J) fnsenm.
841. Horny sheath of upper mandible. 0. C. 1491.
Hiinterian.
Buceros sylvestris.
Buceros sylvestris^ Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. iv. p. 592
(1816) ; Elliot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 5 (1877).
The Javan Rhinoceros Hornbill.
Hah. Java.
842. Bones of trunk, from Java {Dr. Ploem) . 0. C. 1503 b.
Presented hy the Zoological Societij.
iu;cKi{OTKs. 197
(knus DICHOCEROS.
Glogcr, Hand- u. Ililfsb. p. J};^.') (1842).
Dichoceros bicornis.
Buceros hiconiis, Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 153 (1760).
Dichoceros hiconiis, Elliot, Mouogr. Eucerot. pi. 0 (1877).
The HoRNBiLL.
JIdh. Indo-Chinese countries.
843. Cranium, with casque removed, to show reticuhited struc-
ture of osseous platforms attaching it to u{)per mandible.
0. C. 1501. PresenUd hj Sir William BUzard, FM.S.
844. Skull, longitudinally hisected. 0. C. 1502. ITunterian.
845. Skull, with cas(]ue. 0. C. 1499. Hiuitenan.
846. Skull, with casque. 0. C. 1499 a.
Presented hij E. JJickiua/i, Esq.
847. Skull, with upper [»art of casque removed, wanting sheath
of mandibles. 0. C. 1502 A.
Genus HYDROCORAX.
Brisson, Orn. iv. p. 506 (1761)).
Hydrocorax hydrocorax.
Buceros Jii/drocoraM, Linnaeus, Syst. jSTat. i. p. 153 (1706).
Hydrocorax planicornis, Elliot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 7 (1877).
The Elat-casqued Hornbill.
Ilah. Philipjiine Islands.
848. Mandibles and casque. 0. C. 150G. Ilunterian.
Genus RHINOPLA.X.
Glogcr, Hand- u. Hilfsb. p. 335 (1842).
Rhinoplax vigil.
Buceros vvjil, J. 11. Forstcr, Zoolog. liidica, p. 40 (1781).
lihinoplax vvjil, Elliot, Mouogr. Eucerot. pi. 10 (1876).
The Helmeted Hornbill.
ll<d>. Malayan reiiinsula and Archipelago.
198 ricARiiE.
Rhinoplax vigil.
849. Skull, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1496. Ilanterian.
850. Skull, with horny sheath of mandibles and casque. 0. C.
1493. Presented hy Sir Stamford Rafles, F.R.S.
851. Skull, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1495, Hunterian.
852. Mandibles, with casque. 0. C. 1494. Leverian Museum.
853. Horny sheath of upper mandible. 0. C. 1497.
Presented by Sir Joseph Panics, Part., F.P.S.
854. Longitudinal section of u})per mandible. 0. C. 1498.
Hunterian.
Genus ANTHRACOCEROS.
Reichenbacli, Avium Syst. pi. xlix. (1849).
Anthracoceros coronatus.
Buceros coronatus, Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Eulum. p. 53 (1783).
Anthracoceros coronatus, Elliot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 11 (1877).
The Crowned Hornbill.
Hal). Indian Peninsula.
855. Skull, with portion of casque removed. 0. C. 1486 A.
Presented by Sir Stamford Raffles, Bart., F.R.S.
Anthracoceros convexus.
Buceros convexus, Temminck, PI. Col. ii. pi. 530 (1830).
Anthracoceros convexus, Elliot, Monogr. Bncerot. pi. 12 (1880).
Temminck's Pied Hornbill.
Ilcd). Malayan Peninsula and Borneo.
856. Skeleton, from Java (/>?•. P/om). O.C. 1503 c.
Presented by the Zoologiccd Society.
857. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1486.
Prookes Collection.
858. Articulated skeleton of female or young bird : mounted.
With upper part of casque removed. 0. C. 1487.
Langstaff Collection.
BUCEROTES. 1L)1>
859. Skull. 0. C. loOS. llunterian.
860. Skull. (). (A \')V1. Lereriaii Museaui.
861. Skull. 0. C. 1512 a.
862. Sternum, with slioulder-girJIe. Nepal. S. S. Ic54y.
Presented by B. II. Hodgson^ E.<:(j.
Gtiuis CERATOGYMIVA.
Bonaparte, Coiisp. 8yst. Orn. p. 2(5 (1854).
Ceratogymna elata.
Buceros elatus, Temmiuck, PI, Col. ii. pi. 521, fig. 1 (bill) (1830).
Ceratogijmna data, EUiot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 22 (1878).
The Yellow-casque Black Horneill.
Ilah. Sierra Leone to Gaboon.
863. Skeleton (without skull). 0. i). 1512 b.
From the Zoological Soclelg.
Ceratogymna atrata.
Buceros atratus, Tcmm. PI. Col. ii. pi. 558 (1835).
Ceratogymna (drain, Shelley, Ibis, 1888, p. 51.
Sphagolohus atratus, EUiot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 21 (187<J).
The Black Hornbill.
Bab. West Africa.
864. Skull, with c.isque. O. V. 1507.
864 a. Sternum ot" female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. ^OiH.
Fi'ODi tJie Zoological Socletg.
Genus PHOLIDOPHALUS.
Elliot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. xxxiii. (1878).
Pholidophalus sharpii.
Buceros sJtarpii, Elliot, Ibis, p. 177 (1873).
Pholidophalus sharjili, Elliot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 23 (1881).
Sharpe's Horneill.
200 I'lt'AUI.K.
Pholidophalus sharpii.
llah. West Africa, froin Angola to Gaboon.
865. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. 1509. Congo Expedition, 1816.
Genus RHYTIDOCEROS.
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. ii. p. 172 (1860).
Rhytidoceros plicatus.
Bmeros plicatus, Forster, lad. Zool. p. 40 (1781).
Rhytidoceros plicatus, Elliot, Monogr. Bucerot. pi. 37 (1878).
The Papuan Wreathed Hornbill.
Ilah. New Guinea.
866. (Skull, with upper part of cranium removed. 0. C 1503 A.
867. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. 1503. Brookes Collection.
868. Horny sheath of mandibles. 0. C. 1503 A. Stores, 1868.
Genus LOPHOCEROS.
Hcmpr. et Elircubcrg, Symb. Pliys., Avcs, fol. Z (1833).
Lophoceros birostris.
Buceros hirostris, tScopoli, Delic. Flor. ct Faun. Insub. p. 87,
sp. 31 (1786).
Lophoceros hirostris, Elliot, Mouogr. Bucerot. pi. 48 (1878).
The Gingi Hornbill.
llah. Indian Peninsula.
869. Skeleton. O.C.I 511 A. Purchased.
870. Head. ( ). C. 1513 A.
I'SEUDOGKYrill. 201
Genus TOCKUS.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 252 (lb31).
Tockus fasciatus.
Buceros fasciatus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 3G (1811).
Tod-ns fasciatus, Elliot, Moiiogr. Bucerot. pi. 50 (1878).
The Black-and-AYhite-tailed Hornbill.
Ilah. West Africa, from Angola to Gaboon.
871, 872. Two skulls (imperfect). 0. C. 1510, 1511.
Com/o Eiicpedltion, 18U'».
Order II. PSEUDOGUYPHI.
[CATHAETES, Seebohm, Classif. E. p. 23*.]
[X.B. I have recently (" Review of recent Classifications of Birds,'
p. 47) expressed my dissent from the position assigned by Mr. Seebohm
to the Condor and the other American Turkey Vultures. They are
truly Accipitrine birds, but are doubtless very different from the other
Birds of Prey, and merit the separate position first accorded to them by
Professor Huxley (P. Z. S. 1867, p. 463, where many diagnostic cha-
racters are given). Cf. also Beddard, F. E., " Xotes on the Anatomy
of the Condor," P. Z. S. 1890, pp. 142-147.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Nostrils perforated ; maxillo-palatines situated far apart,
and, though the distance is bridged over by an ossified
nasal septum, the ossification does not prevent the nostrils
being pierced.
( ■. Basipterygoid processes present.
D. Hallux connected with the flexor perfomns digitorum, and
elevated above the level of the other toes.
E. Si)inal feather-tract well defined on neck.
* Vf. Sliufuldt, liei). U.S. Guul. Surv. xi. ]). 727; id. Auier. Xat. 1881,
p. t)06.
202 rsEUDOGRYPHI.
Fuinily Uncertain.
Genus LITHORNIS.
Owen, Trans, Geol. Soc. (2) vi. p. 206, pi. xxi. figs. 5, G (1841).
Lithornis vulturinus.
Lithorius vulturums, Owen, Trans. Geol. Soc. (2) vi. p. 206 (1841) ;
Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds, p. 35 (1891).
873. Sterninn. From the London Clay (Lower Eocene) of the
Isle of kSheppey. Type of species {cf. Lydekker, /. c).
Genus CATHARTES.
Illiger, Prodromus, p. 236 (1811).
[Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. p. 33.]
Cathartes papa.
Vultur papa, Linnaeus, Syst. xSat. i. p. 122 (17(56).
Cathartes papa (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. !Mus. i. p. 22 (1874).
The King Vulture.
Hah. Central America and the northern part of South
America.
874. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 16^0. Brookes Collection.
875. Skeleton. 0. C. 1G80 a. Hmiterian.
[Several bones mounted in the separate series.]
876. Skeleton. O.C. 1080 b. Hnntenan.
877. Skeleton. O. C 1(380 C. Hiuderian.
878. Ch'anium [of specimen 1(J80 a]. S. S. 180'J. llunterian.
879. Sternum of male, Avith right coracoid and scapula. S. S.
1469. Presented % P. L. Sclater, Es</., F.R.S.
880. Right humerus [of s})ecimen KjSOa]. S. S. 1811.
Ilitnterian.
881. Right radius [of specimen 1(380 a]. S. S. 1812.
H2inte7'ian.
882. Right ulna [of sjR-cimen 1(380 a]. S. S. 1813.
lliinlerian.
I'SEUJxiCKYl'HI. 208
883. Pelvis [of specimen 1680 b]. S. S. 1810. IJunlerian.
884. Right femur [of specimen IGbO a]. ^S. 8. 181J:.
Iluntenan.
885. Kight tibia and fibula [of specimen 1(580 a]. 8. S. 1815.
Ilu/iterian.
Genus RHINOGRYPHUS.
llidgway, B. N. Amer. p. 337 (1S7-1).
Rhinogryphus aura.
Vultur cmra, Linriieus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 122 (1766).
(Enoj^s aura (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 25 (1874).
The Turkey Vulture.
llab. North America.
886. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0, C. 1675. Purchased.
887. vSkeleton. From Cape St. Lucas. 0. C. 1675 b.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
[Some of the bones mounted in the separate series.]
888. Sternum, wanting left coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1270.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
889. Right humerus [of specimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2108.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
890. Right radius [of specimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2109.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
891. Right ulna [of specimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2110.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
892. Right manus [of specimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2111.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
893. Right femur [of si)ecimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2112.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
894. Right tibia and fibula [of specimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2113.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
895. Right jies [of specimen 1675 b]. S. S. 2114.
P resented hy the Smithsonian Institidion.
204 ACCIPITKES.
Rhinogryphus californiana.
Valtur californianus, Shaw, Xat. Misc. ix. p. 1, pi. 301 (1797).
(Enojis californiana (Shaw), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 28
(1874). ■
The Californian Turkey-Vulture.
Hah. Western side of North America; California and Oregon.
896. Articulated skeleton: mounted, 0. C. 1()76.
South CoUevtion.
Subclass FALC0NIF0B3IES.
Order 1. ACCIPITRES *.
Suborder I. SERPENTARII f.
A. Palate desmognatlious.
B. Basipterygoid processes present.
C. Hallux present and connected with the ficd-or loiujus haUucis,
and not with the /lexor per/orans digitoriun.
D. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck.
Genus SERPENTARIUS.
Cuvier, Tableau elemeutairc Hist. Nat. p. 254 (1798).
Serpentarius secretarius.
Otis secretarius, Scopoli, Belie. Faun, et Flor. lusubr. ii. p. 93
(1786).
Serpentarius secretarius (Scop.), Sharpe, Cut. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 45
(1874).
The Secretary Bird.
Hah. Africa.
897. Articulated skeleton : mounted. O.C. 1(!71. Purchased.
* Cf. Ridgway, Bull. U,S. Geol. Surv. (2) i. p. 22o.
t Cf. Huxley, P.Z.S. 18G7, p. 442, tig-. 24; Shufeldt in Ileydeii's 12th
Ann. U.S. Geol. & Geogr. Surv. 1882, p. 761, cum tig'T.
ACCIPIT15KS, 205
898. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. I(i72.
South Collection,
899. Skeleton [some of the bones broken]. 0. C. 1671 A.
From the Zoological Societij.
[Several bones mounted in the separate series.]
900. (Vanimn [of specimen 1671 a]. S. S. 2142.
From the Zoological Societij.
901. Skull. 0. C. 1671b. From the Zoological Societ//.
902. Sternum (diseased) of male (with right coi*acoid and
scapula). From the Zoological Society.
903. Pelvis [of specimen 1671a]. S. S. 2143.
From the Zoological Societij.
904. llioht humerus [of specimen 1671a]. S. S. 2144.
From the Zoological Society.
905. Right manus [of specimen 1G71a]. S. S. 2145.
From the Zoological Societ//.
Suborder II. ACCIPITRFS*.
A. Palate desmognathous.
[Shufeldt has, however, recently demonsti-ated that Flanus
has not a desmognathous palate (Ibis, 1891, p. 280).]
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Dorsal vertebrae heterocoelous.
D. Hallux present and connected with the Jle.vor longus halluci.'<,
and not with the Jlexor perforans cligitorum; the two tendons
bound together by a fibrous vinculum.
E. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck.
* Cf. Huxley, P. Z. S. 18(57, p. 464 ; Shufeldt, Auk, iii. p. 133 (188G).
200 ACCIPITRRS.
Family YULTURID^.
Genus VULTUR.
Liniifeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 121 (176G).
Vultur monachus *.
Vultur monadius, Liniiasus, Sj^st. Nat. i. p. 122 (1766) ; Sharpc,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 3 (1874).
The Cinereous Vulture.
Hah. Southern Europe^ eastwards to CVntral Asia, Northern
India, and Southern China.
906. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. (J. 1677. Hnnterian.
907. Skeleton of male (steruum diseased). 0. C. 1678 B.
From the Zoological Society.
908. Skeleton. 0. C. 1681 to 1697, 1697 a, 1697 b.
Hunterian.
909. Skull, with horny sheath of mandibles attached. 0. C.
1678 A.
910. Hyoidean arch [of specimen 1678 b].
From the ZooIogicoJ Societij.
911. Sternum, with left coracoid and scapula. From Nepal.
S. S. 1678. Presented hj B. IT. IJodgsou, E.^q.
Genus GYPS+.
Savigny, Syst. Ois. de I'Egypte, pp. 8, 11 (1810).
Gyps fulvus.
Vultur fnlinis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 249 (1788).
Gyps fuh'us (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 5 (1874).
The Griffon Vulture.
11 cd). Eui'ope.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mus. p. 32 (1801).
t Cf. Shufeldt in Hayden's 12tli Ann. U.S. Geol. k (leogr. Survey Terr.
1882, figg. c, <■'. y' ; Lydekker, Cat. Fo.s.s. B. p. 28.
VULTFRTD^. 207
912. Articulated skeleton : nioiinted. 0. (*. 1(579.
South Collection.
913. Left half of cranium. 0. C. IOTDa. .Sfom?, 18G7.
[The other half of the mandible and many of the bones
belonging to this skeleton mounted in the separate series.]
914. Right half of cranium of the above specimen. S. S. 1599.
Stores, 1867.
915. Right mandil)le of abov(^ specimen. S. S. IGOO.
Stores, 18G7.
916. Sternum of above specimen. S. S. IGOl. Stores, l^Ql.
917. Right humerus of above specimen. S. S. IGOo.
Stores, 18G7.
918. Right ulna of al)ove specimen. S. S. 1G04. Stores, 1867.
919. Right radius of above specimen. S. S. 1605, Stores, 18(i7.
920. Pelvis of above specimen. S. S. 1602. Stores, 1867.
921. Right femur of above specimen. S. S. 1606. Stores, 1867.
922. Right tibia of above specimen. S. S. 1607. Stores, ISGl.
923. Right fibula of above specimen. S. S. 1608.
Stores, 1867.
924. Right pes of above specimen. S. S. 1609. Stores, 1867.
Gyps fulvescens.
Gyps fulvescens, Hume, Ibis, 18G9, p. 356 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit.
Mus. i. p. 7 (1874).
The Indian Griffon Vulture.
ITali. Northern India.
925. Skeleton. From Umbala. 0. C. 1677 b.
Presented bij Capt. R. C. Beavan.
926. Vertebrre from above specimen.
Presented Inj Capt. J'. < '. Beavan.
208 ACCIPITRES.
Genus PSEUDOGYPS.
Sharpe, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (4) xi. p. 133 (1873).
Pseudogyps bengalensis.
Vultur bengalensis, Gmelin, Sj-st. Nat. i. p. 245 (1788).
Pseudogyps bengalensis (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. i. p. 1 1
(1874).
The Bengal Vulture.
Hah. Indian Peninsula, eastwards to Burniali ; the Malayan
Peninsula to Penang.
927. Skeleton (imperfect). 0.0.1077 a. Stores, ISC^l.
Genus NEOPHRON.
Savigny, Syst. Ois. de I'Egypte, pp. 8, 15 (181 U).
Neophron percnopterus.
Vultur percnopterus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 123 (17nr)).
JShophron percnopti'rus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 17
(1874).
The Egyptian Vulture.
Hub. Africa and Southern Europe.
928. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. ( '. in7o.
Soulh ColJectiov.
929. Articulated skeleton ; mounted. 0. C. ir)7o A. From
Upper Egypt. Presented hy Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
930. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Upper
Egypt. S. S. 2592.
Presented hij Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
FALCONID.E. 20tt
Family Fi\LCONlD^.
Subfaini ly P o L Y B o R I N iE.
Genus POLYBORUS.
Yieillot, Analyse, pp. 22, 70 (1816).
Polyborus tharus.
Falco tharus, Molina, Saggio 8t. Nat. Chil. p. 204 (1782).
Poll/horns tharus (MoL), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 31 (1874).
The Brazilian Caracara.
Hah. South America generally.
931. Sternum, with right coracoiJ and scapula. B'rom liaha-
hoyo, Ecuador. S. S. 1011. Purchaml.
Genus IBYCTER.
Vieillot, Analyse, pp. 22, 70 (1816).
Ibycter australis.
Faho australis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2.39 (1788).
Ibycter australis (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B.Brit, Mus. i. p. 38 (1874).
The Falkland Islands Caracara.
Ilab. Falkland Islands, and the extreme south of South
America.
932. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2161.
From the Zoological Society.
Sulifamily A cc IP I T lu N M.
Genus CIRCUS*.
Laccpede, Mem. de I'lnst. Paris, iii. p. ^iOG (1801).
Circus cyaneus.
Falco ci/aneus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 126 (1766).
Circus cyaneus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 52 (1874).
The Hen-Harrier.
* Cf. Shufeldt, R. W., " Osteology of Circus hudsonius,''' Jourii. Coinp.
Med. 1889, art. x. ; also Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. p. 20 (ls!)l).
PART HI. P
210 ACCIPITRES.
Circus cyaneus.
Hob. Europe and Northern Asia.
933. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1650. Purchased.
934. Skeleton (toes defective^. 0. C. 1650 a. Yarrell Collection.
935. SternuiTij with shoulder-girdle.
936. Sternum of female, with right coracoid, scapula, and
furcula. S. S. 815. Purchased.
Circus assimilis.
Circus assimilis, Jardine et Selby, 111. Orn. ser. 1, pi. 51 (1826) ;
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 63 (1874).
The Australian Harrier.
Hah. Eastern Australia.
937. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. From
Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 917.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Circus pygargus.
Falco pygargus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 148 (1766).
Circus pygargus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 64 (1874).
Montagu's Harrier.
Hah. Europe.
938. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1651 A.
Circus seruginosus.
Falco ceruginosus, Linnaeus, Syst, Nat. i. p. 130 (1766).
Circus ceruginosus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 69 (1874).
The Marsh-Harrier.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
939. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1648. Purchased.
940. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
816. Purchased.
941. Hyoidean arch. 0. C. 1651. Presented by Dr. Leach.
FALCONIDiE. 211
Genus ASTUR.
Lacepude, Mem. de Flust. Paris, iii. p. 506 (1801).
Astur palumbarius.
Falco palumbcmus, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 130 (1706).
Astur palumbariics (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 95
(1874).
The Goshawk.
Hab. Europe and Northern Asia.
942. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1(338. Hunterian.
943. Skull of male. From Germany. Pxirchased.
944. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1870.
Presented hy B. 11. Hodgson, Esq.
Astur trivirgatus.
Falco trivirgatus, Temminck, PI. Col. i. pi. 303 (1824).
Astur trivirgatus (Temm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 105
(1874).
The Crested Goshawk.
Hah. India and Ceylon.
945. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1869.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Estj.
Astur badius.
Falco badius, VieiUot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. x. p. 318 (1817).
Astur badius (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 109
(1874).
The Indian Banded Goshawk.
Hah. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon.
946. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and fnrcula.
From Nepal. S. S. 1903.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Es<j.
v2
212 ACCIPITRES.
Astur novse-hoUandise.
Falco novce-Jiollandici', Gmeliu, Sjst. Nat. i. p. 264 (1788).
Astur novce-hoUandice (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 118
(1874).
The White Goshawk.
ITah. Australia.
947. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
Eiver, N. S. Wales. Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
948. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1076.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Astur torquatus.
Falco torquatus, Temminck, PI. Col. i. pi. 43 (1823).
Astur torquatus (Temm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 125
(1874).
The Banded Goshawk.
Hah. AustraHa and Timor.
949. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Brook's
(*reek, Australia. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
950. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
Eiver, N. S. Wales. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
951. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Rich-
mond River {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1350.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus ACCIPITER.
Brisson, Orn. i. p. 310 (1760).
Accipiter nisus.
Falco nisvs, Linnicus, Syst. Kat. i. p. 130 (1766).
Accipiter nisus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, i. p. 132 (1874).
FALCONID^. 213
The Common Sparrow-Hawk.
Hah. Europe and Xorthern Asia.
952. Skeleton. 0. C. 1640. Brooks Collection.
953. Skeleton. 0. C. 1641. South Collection.
954. Skeleton. O. C. 1642. Purclm^ed.
955. Skeleton. 0. (^ 1643. Presented hy Mr. W. Sibley.
956. Skeleton of male. Presented hy F. S. Eve, Esq.
957. Skeleton, disarticulated. 0. C. 1644 A. Purchased.
958. Skull. 0. C. 1643. Purchased.
959. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. 1644. Hunterian.
960. Shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1645. Hunterian.
961. 962. Sterna of male and female, with right scapula, coracoid,
and furcnla. S. S. 820, 821. Purchased.
Subfamily Buteonin^.
Genus ERYTHROTRIORCHIS.
Sharpe, Proc. Znol. Soc. l^lb, p. 327.
Erythrotriorchis radiatus.
Fcdco radiatus. Lath. Gen. Syn., Suppl. ii. p. 53, pi. 121 (1801).
Erythrotriorchis radiatus (Lath.), Sharpe, ut siqyru.
The Kufous Buzzard-Hawk.
Hah. Australia.
963. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcnla.
From Grafton, Clarence River, N. S. Wales, Sept. S. S.
1689. Presented by Br. E. P. Ramsay.
214 ACCIPITRES.
Genus BUTEO *.
Cuvier, Legons Anat. Comp. i. Tabl. Oiseaux (1800).
Buteo buteo.
Faho buteo, Linnaeus, Syet. Nat. i. p. 127 (1766).
Buteo vulgaris, Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm. & B. Brit. Mus. p. 10
(1816) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 186 (1874).
The Common Buzzard.
Hab. Europe generally.
964. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1646.
South Collection.
965. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1647. Purchased.
966. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
967. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and fnrcula. S. S.
1012, Purchased of Mr. L. Fraser.
Buteo borealis.
Fidco horeaUs, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 266 (1788).
Buteo borealis (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 188 (1874).
The Red-tailed Buzzard.
Hab. Eastern N. America, Cuba, Jamaica, and the West
Indies.
968. Sternum (Sm. no. 25).
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Buteo lineatus.
Falco lineatus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 268 (1788).
Buteo lineatus (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 191 (1874).
The Lineated Buzzard.
Hab. North America.
969. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1272. Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. p. 21.
FALCONIDiE. 215
Genus ARCHIBUTEO.
Brehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1269.
Archibuteo lagopus.
Falco lagopus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 260 (1874).
Archibuteo lagopus (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 196
(1874).
The Rough-legged Buzzard.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
970. iSternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1301. From the Zoological Society.
Subfamily Aquiline.
Genus GYPAETUS.
Storr, Alpenreise, i. p. 69 (1784).
Gypaetus barbatus.
Vultur harhatus^ Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 123 (1766).
Gypaetus barbatus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 228
(1874).
The European Bearded Vulture.
Hab. The mountains of Southern Europe to Central Asia and
Northern India.
971. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1674.
Brookes Collection.
972. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. From
Simla {li. C. Beavan). S. S. 1552.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
973. Left humerus.
21(3 ACCiriTRES.
Genus UROAiiTUS.
Kaup, Class. Sjiugeth. u. Vogel, p. 121 (1844).
Uroaetus audax.
Vultur audax, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. 2 (1801).
Uroaetus audax (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, i. p. 231
(1874).
The Australian Eagle.
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
974. Stei-num. From Tasmania. 0. 0. 1632.
Presented hy Ronald Gnnn, Es<ji.
Genus AQUILA *.
Brisson, Orn. i. p. 419 (1760).
Aquila chrysaetus.
Fahv chri/saetHs, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 125 (1760).
Aquila chrysaetus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 235
(1874).
The Golden Eagle.
' Hah. Euro})e and N. Asia, India and N. China ; N. America
to Mexico.
975. Skull. 0. C. 162.5. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
976. Hyoidean arch. 0. C. 1630. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
^Tl. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1629.
Presented hy William CliJ't, Esq., F.E.S.
Aquila heliaca.
Aquila 7u'liaca, Savigny, Descr. Egyptc, p. 459, pi. 12 (1809);
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 238 (1874).
The Imperial Eagle.
Ilah. S.E. Europe to Northern India and China.
978. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. II. I lodgson^ Esij.
* Cf. Lydekkor, Cat. Fossil B. p. 24.
FALCONID^:. 217
979. Skull (inipcrfoct), wanting quadrate bone and pterygoids
and left lachrymal bone. 0. C. 1631. Ilimterian.
Aquila clanga.
Aquila clanga, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. i. p. 351 (1811);
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 248 (1874).
The Larger Spotted Eagle.
Hah. Southern Europe to Central Asia and India.
980. Sternum, with left coracoid and scapula. From Nepal.
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus NISAETUS.
Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, v. p. 228, pi. vii. (1836),
et vi. pt. 1, p. 361 (1837).
Nisaetus fasciatus.
Aquila fasciata, Vieillot, Mem. Linn. Soc. Paris, p. 152 (1822).
Nisaetus fasciatus (Vieill.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus, i. p. 250
(1874).
BoNELLi's Eagle.
Hah. Southern Europe to India.
981. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1871.
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus LOPHOAETUS.
Lophaetus, Kaup, Isis, 1847, pp. 163, 165.
Lophoaetus occipitalis.
Falco occipitalis, Daudin, Traite, ii. p. 40 (ISoO).
Loplioaetus occipitalis (Daud.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 275
(1874).
The Black Crested Eagle.
Hah. Africa.
982. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
2(>o3. From the Zoological Society.
218 ACCIPITRES.
Genus BUTASTUR.
Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, xii. pt. 1, p. 311 (1843).
Butastur teesa.
Circus teesa, Franklin, P. Z. S. 1831, p. 115.
Butastur teesa (Frankl.), Sliarpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 295
(1874).
The White-eyed Buzzard-Eagle.
Hah. Indian Peninsula.
983. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 1911. Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Genus HELOTARSUS.
Smith, South African Quarterly Journ. i. p. 110 (1830).
Helotarsus ecaudatus.
Falco ecaudatus, Daudin, Traite, ii. p. 54 (1800).
Helotarsus ecaudatus (Daud.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 300
(1874).
The Bateleur Eagle.
Hah. Africa.
984. Right humerus.
985. Left humerus.
Genus HALIABTUS *.
Savigny, Syst. Ois. d'Egypte, p. 254 (1809).
Haliaetus albicilla.
Vultur albicilla, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 123 (1766).
Haliaetus albicilla (L,), Sharpe, Cat. B, Brit. Mus. i. p. 302 (1874).
The White-tailed Eagle.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia to Greenland.
986. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1627.
South Coll.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. p. 23.
FALCONIDiE. 219
987. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C 1G27 a. Several bones
mounted in separate series. Hunterian.
988. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1266. Hunterian.
989. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle of female.
From the Zoological Gardens.
990. Right humerus of above specimen. S. S. 1795.
991. Pelvis of above specimen. S. S. 1794.
992. Right femur of above specimen. S. S. 1796.
Haliaetus lencocephalus.
Fdlco leucocephala, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 124 (1766).
Haliaetus leueocephalus (L.), Sharps, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 304
(1874).
The White-headed Sea-Eagle.
Hab. North America.
993. Skull, with horny sheath of mandibles. 0. C. 1626.
Hunterian.
994. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1275. Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Haliaetus pelagicus.
Aquila pelagica, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso- As. i. p. 343, pi. 18 (1811).
Haliaetus pelagicus (Pall.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 306
(1874).
Steller's Sea-Eagle.
Hab. N.E. Siberia, N. China and Japan.
995. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1626 A.
Purchased.
Haliaetus leucogaster.
Palco leucogaster, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 257 (1788).
Haliaetus leucogaster (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i, p. 307
(1874).
The White-bellied Sea-Eagle.
220 ACCIPITRES.
Haliaetus leucogaster.
Hah. Australia and the Indo-Malayan Subregion.
996. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1072. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P.Ram-
say). Presented % P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S,
Haliaetus leucoryphus.
Aqvila leucoryplm, Pallas, Eeis. Euss. Reichs, i. p. 454 (1771).
Haliaetus leucoryphus (Pall.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. i. p. 308
(1874).
Pallas's Sea-Eagle.
Hah. India.
997. Sternum, with furcula, coracoids, and left scapula. From
Nepal. Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
998. Pelvis. From Nepal. Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus GYPOHIERAX.
Riippell, Neue Wirbelth., Vogel, p. 46, note (1835).
Gypohierax angolensis.
Falco angolensis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. j). 252 (1788).
Gypohierax angolensis (Gm.), Sharpe. Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 312
"(1874).
The Aerican Sea-Eagle.
Hah. Africa,
999. Cranium, wanting left pteiygoid and quadrate. S. S.
2181. From the Zoological Society.
1000. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
1001. Sternum of male, with left coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 182. From the Zoological Society.
1002. Pelvis of the above specimen. S. S. 2183.
From the Zoological Society.
1003. Eight femur of above specimen. S. S. 2183 a.
From the Zoological Society.
FALCONin.E. 221
Genus HALIASTUR.
Selby, Cat. Gen. and 8ubgeu. Avcs, p. 3 (1840).
Haliastur Indus.
Falco indus, Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl. 25 (1783).
Haliastur indus (Bodd.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 313 (1874).
The Brahminy Kite.
Hah. India and the Burmese countries.
1004. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented J>y Dr. Anderson, F.K.S.
1005. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. From
Nepal. S. S. 1680. Presented hy B. 11. Hodgson, Esq.
Haliastur sphenurus.
Milvus sphenurus, Vicillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xx. p. 564 (1 818).
Haliastur sphenurus (VieiU.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 316
(1874).
The Whistling Kite.
Hah. Australia and N. Caledonia.
1006. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1624 a.
(rOuld Coll.
1007. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. N. S.
Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1349.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esij., F.R.S.
Genus ELANOIDES.
Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxiv. p. 101 (1818).
Elanoides furcatus.
Falco furcatus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 129 (176G).
Elanoides furcatus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. ;U7
(1874).
The Swallow-tailed Kite.
Hah. Central and Southern North America to Brazil.
1008. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. 1649. Purchased.
222 ACCIPITRES.
Genus MILVUS.
Cuvier, Leg. Anat. Comp. i. Table 2 (1800).
Milvus milvus.
Falco milvus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 126 (1766).
Milvus ictinus, Savigny, Syst. Ois. d'Egypte, p. 259 (1809);
Sharps, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 319 (1874).
The Common Kite.
Hob. Europe.
1009. Various bones. 0. C. 1652 to 1670. Himterian.
1010. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
814. Purchased.
Milvus segyptius.
Falco cegyptius, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 261 (1788).
Milvus cegyptius (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 320 (1874).
The Egyptian Kite.
Hah. Africa.
1011. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2043.
From the Zoological Society/.
Milvus melanotis.
Milvus melanotis, Temminck et Schlegel, Faun. Jap., Aves, p. 14,
pis. 5, 5 6 (? 1845) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 324 (1874).
The Large Indian Kite.
Hah. Japan and China to Formosa ; Indian Peninsula.
1012. Skeleton. From Chefoo, China. 0. C. 1670 c.
Presented by Consul Siohihoe.
Milvus govinda.
Milvus govinda, Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 81 ; Sharpe, Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. i. p. 325 (1874).
The Indian Kite.
Hah. Indian Peninsula.
1013. Sternum of female, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 1904. Presented hj Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
FALCONIDiE. 223
Genua ELANUS.
Savigny, Syst. Ois. de I'Egypte, pp. 9, 37 (1810).
Elanus caeruleus.
Falco coiruleus, Desfontaines, Mem. Acad. 11. des Sciences, 1787,
p. 503, pi. 15.
Elanus cceruleus (Desf.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 336 (1874).
The Black-winged Kite.
Hab. Southern Europe ; the whole of Africa ; Indian
Peninsula and Ceylon.
1014. Skeleton (imperfect). From Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
1015. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1892. Presented hy Dr. J. Anderson, F.R.S.
Elanus axillaris.
Falco axillaris, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. i. p. ix (1801).
Elanm axillaris (Lath.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 338
(1874).
The Black-shouldered Kite.
Hah. Australia.
1016. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From New South Wales
{E.P.Ramsay). S. S. 919.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Subfamily Falconing.
Genus BAZA.
Hodgson, Journ. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, v. pt. 2, p. 777 (1836).
Baza subcristata.
Lepidogenys suhcristatus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 140.
Baza mhcristata (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 357
(1874).
The Australian Cuckoo-Palcon.
224 ACCIPITRES.
Baza subcristata.
Ilah. N. Australia.
1017. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Rich-
mond Eiver, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 135].
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., P.R.S.
Genus MICROHIERAX.
Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 336 (1874).
Microhierax caerulescens.
Falco ccerulesccns, Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 126 (1766).
Microhierax ccerulescens (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. p. 366
(1874).
The White-naped Ealconet.
Ilab. Northern India.
1018. Sternum. From Nepal. S. S. 1868.
Presented by B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus FALCO.
Linnasus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 124 (1766).
Falco communis.
Falco communis, GmeUn, Syst. Nat. i. p. 270 (1788) ; Sharpe, Cat.
B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 376 (1874).
The Peregrine Palcon.
Hah. Europe, Northern Asia, and America.
1019. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1G33.
Presented hy James Ahernethy, Esq.
1020. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1G33 a.
Yarrell Collection.
1021. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1634.
Soutli Collection.
FALCONID.E. 225
1022. Sternum of male, with right coracold and scapula. From
Scotland. S. S. 12G7.
1023. Sternum of female. From Scotland. S. S. 1268.
Falco babylonicus.
Falco hahyhnicus, Gurncy, Ibis, 18G1, p. 218, pi. vii. ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p.387 (1874).
The Eed-headed Falcon.
Hob. Mesopotamia to Central Asia and Xorth-wostern India.
1024. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented Inj B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Falco melanogenys.
Falco melanogenys, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 139 ; Sharpe, Cat. B.
Brit. :Mus. i. p. 385 (1874).
The Australian Peregrine Falcon.
Hah. Australia.
1025. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Falco feldeggii.
Falco fddeggii, Schlegel, Ahhandl. Gob. Zool. p. 3, Taf. 10, 11
(1841) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 389 (1874).
The Lanner Falcon.
Hah. South-eastern Europe to N.W. India.
1026. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
2034. From the Zoological Society.
Falco jugger.
Falco jugrjer, J. E. Gray, 111. Ind. Orn. ii. pi. 26 (1833); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 393 (1874).
The Jugger Falcon.
Hah. India.
PART III. n
226 ACCIPITRES.
Falco jugger.
1027. Sternum, with j^lionkler-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
1028. Sternum, with slioulJer-girdle, of male.
From llie Zoological Society.
Falco subbuteo.
Falco svhhuteo, Liniioeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 127 (1766); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Miis. i. p. 395 (1874).
The Hobby.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
1029. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. I(i36.
South Collection.
1030. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
Falco regulus.
Falco regulus, Pallas, Eeis. Buss. Beichs, ii. Anhang, p. 707
(1773) ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 400 (1874).
The Merlin.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
1031. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 163,5 a.
Yarrell Collection.
1032. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1()35.
South Collection.
1033. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
818. Purchased.
1034. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
Falco columbarius.
Falco columharius, Linn£eus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 128 (1766) ; Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 408 (1874).
The Pigeon- Hawk.
Hab. North America.
FALCONID^. 227
1035. Sternum, witli left coracoid, scjipnla, and furcula. S. S.
14(35. I'resfinted by the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus HIEROFALCO.
Cuvier, llegne Animal, i. p. 312 (1817).
Hierofalco islandus.
Falco islandus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 271 (1788).
Hierofalco islandus (Gm.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit, ilus. i. p. 414
(1874).
The Iceland Palcon.
Hah. Iceland.
1036. Articulated skeleton: mounted. 0. C. 1(533 b.
Yarrell Collection.
Genus HIERACIDEA.
Strickland, Aun. & Mag. N. H. vi. p. 416 (1841).
Hieracidea orientalis.
Falco hericjora orientalis, Schlegel, Naum. 1855, p. 254.
Hieracidea orientalis (iSchl.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 422
(1874).
The Berigora Hawk.
Hah. Australia.
1037. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1639,
Gould Collection.
Genus CERCHNEIS *.
Boic, Isis, 1820, p. 070.
Cerchneis tinnunculus.
Falco timumcidm, Linntuus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 127 (17()G).
Cerchneis tinnunculus (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 425
(1874).
The Common Kestrel.
* For skeleton of Cerchneis neietoni, cf. Milne-Edwards and Graiidid. Ois.
Madag. i. jjIs. 14, 14 a.
q2
228 ACCIPITRES,
Cerchneis tinnunculus.
Hah. The whole of Europe and Northern Asia. Wintering
in Africa and India.
1038. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1^37.
South Collection.
1039. Skeleton of female {C. japonievs). From Chefoo, China.
0. C. 1637 b. Presented by Consul R. Swinlioe.
1040. Skeleton. Presented hy F, S. Eve, Esq.
1041. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1637 a.
1042. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
817. Purchased.
Cerchneis cenehroides.
F(dco cencliroides, Vigors ct Horsfield, Tr. Liiiu. Soc. xv. p. 183
(1826).
Cerclineis cencJiroides (Vig. et Horsf.), Sharpc, Cat. B. Brit. Mus.
i. p. 431 (1874).
The Australian Kestrel.
Hah. Australia.
1043. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From New
South Wales. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Cerchneis sparveria.
Falco sparverius, Linnseiis, Syst. Nat. i. p. ]2S (1766).
Cerclineis sparveria (L.), Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 437
(1874).
The North- American Kestrel.
Hah. N. America.
1044. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1277.
Presented hy the Smithsouian Tnstitntio/i.
STRIGKS. 229
Suborder III. PANDIONES.
Genus PANDION.
Saviguy, Syst. Ois. de I'Egypte, pp. 9, 35 (1810).
Pandion haliaetus.
Falco haliaetus, Liunoeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 12U (17CG).
randion haliaetus (L.), Sharpc, Cat. B. lirit. Miis. i. p. 449
(1874).
The Osprey.
Hall. All parts of the world.
1045. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1622.
Presented hi) Robert Keate, Esq.
1046. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. N.
America. S. S. 1271.
Presented hjj the Smitltsoman Instdutiun.
1047. Foot. Old Collection.
Suborder IV. STRIGES*.
\_Gf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 17 ; and Lydckkor, Cat. Fossil
Birds, p. 12.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterjgoid processes present.
C. Flexor longus hallucis leading to hallux ; jlexor perforans
digitornm to second, third, and fourth digits.
D. Spinal feather-tract well defined on the neck,
E. Outer toe reversible.
* Cy. Huxley, P. Z. S. 1S07, p. 4(32 ; Shufeldt, "Notes ou tlio Anatomy
oi S/jeottjto cunicularia hypoyaa,^^ Journ. Morpli. iii. pp. llo-12o, pi. 7, also
Bull. U. S. Geul. Surv. vi. p. 87; Sharpe, liuviow Classif. 15. p. 79 (1891).
230 ACCIP[TRES.
Family BUBONID^.
Genus KETUPA*.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 114 (1831).
Ketupa flavipest.
Cultninguis Jfavijyes, Hodgson, J. A. S. B. v. p. 364 (1836).
Ketupa flavipes, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 5 (1875).
The Himalayan Pish-Owl.
Hah. Himalaya Mountains.
1048. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. From
Kepal. S. S. 1875. Presented hij B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus BUBO 1.
Cuvier, Kc'gne Anim. i. p. 331 (1817).
Bubo bubo.
Strix bubo, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 138 (1766),
Bubo iynavus, Forster, Syn. Cat. Brit. B. p. 3 ; Sharpo, Cat. B.
Brit. Mus. ii. p. 14 (1875).
The Great Horned Owl.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
1049. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C. 1608 to 1621. Hunterian.
1050. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1601.
Brookes Collection.
1051. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1602.
South Collection.
1051a. Skeleton (imperfect) . 0. (J. 1602 a. Himterian.
1052. Skull. Janina, Albania. 0. C. 1601 A.
Presented hy Major R. Stetcart.
1052 a. vSternum of young male, with right coracoid, scapula, and
furcula. S.'S. 822.
* The sternum of Scotopct/a. Cf. Murie, Journ. Anat. & Phys. yi. p. 76.
Cf. Eyton, Osteol. Av. pi. 4 a ; Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelet. i. Taf. Ixxxix.
{^K.javanensi'i).
t Cf. Lydeliker, Cat. Fo.<sil B. p. l-j (1891, ri. u. Cdupa).
I Vf. Lydekker, ibid. p. 14 (1891).
BUBONID/E. 231
Bubo virginianus.
Strix virginiana, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 484 (1788).
Bubo viri/mianiis, Sharpo, Cat. B. Brit. ]\[us. ii. p. 19 (1875).
The Virginian Horned Owl.
II((I>. Tlie whole of N. America, south to Guatomala.
1053. Stermim, with right coracoiJ, scapula, and fiircula. S. S.
1261). Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Bubo bengalensis.
Oius bengalensis, FraukHn, i'roc. Zool. Son. 1831, p. 115.
Biiho bengalensis, Sharpc, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 25 (1875).
The Rock Horned Owl.
Hah. Indian Peninsula.
1054. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. From
Nepal. S. S. 1677. Presented by B. II. Hodgson, Es<j.
Bubo coromandus.
Strlv coromanla, Latham, Ind. Oni. i. p. 53 (1790).
Bubo coromandus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. :Mus. ii. p. 35 (1875).
The Dusky Horned Owl.
Hah. India and Burmah.
1055. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. II. IIodg.^on, Esq.
1056. Pelvis. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Bubo nipalensis.
Bubo nipalensis, Hodgson, As. lies. xix. p. 172 (1830); Sharpe,
Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 37 (1875).
Hodgson's Eagle-Owl.
ILd>. Himalaya Mountains to Tenasserim.
1057. Skeleton. 0. C.li;()2r5. Ilanterian.
232 ACCIPITKES.
Genus CARINE.
Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. p. 29 (lS2d).
Carine noctua*.
Strix nociua, Scopoli, Aim. i. p. 22 (1709).
Carine noctua, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 133 (1875).
The Little Owl.
Ilab. Europe.
1058. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1607 c.
Yarrell Collection .
1059. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
Carine brazna.
Strix hrania, Tcmmiiick, PI. Col. ii. pi. 08 (1823).
Carine hrama, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 138 (1875).
The Spotted Owlet.
Hah. Indian Peninsula, extending into Baluchistan.
1060. tSternum of female, with shoulder-oirdk\ S. S. 1878.
Presoded hy Dr. Jolui Anderson, P.P.S.
Gcmis NINOXt.
Hodgson, Maclr. Joiun. v. p. 23 (1837).
NinoK boobook.
Struv hoobook, Latham, Iiid. Orn., Suppl. p. xv (1801).
Ninox hoohool\ Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 108 (1875).
The Boobook Hawk-Owl.
Hah. Australia.
1061. Skull and imperfect skeleton. Western Anstralia. 0. C.
1603 A. Gould Collection.
* Cf. A. B. Meyer, Ahbild. Vogel-Skelet. i. Taf. xci. (skeleton). '
t For skeleton of Ninox mpcrciliiiris, cf. Milue-Edwards and Grandid.
Ois. Madapr. i. pi. 30 a.
BUBONID^. 233
1062. Sternum ot female, with right coracoiM and scapula.
S. S. IGDO. From Dol)rojde, N. S. Wales.
Presented hy Dr. E. F. Ramsay.
1063. Sternum of male^ with .^houlder-girdlc.
Presented hy ])r. E. F. Ramsay.
Ninox variegata.
Noctua varie;/atu, Quoy & Gaim. Voj-. do FAstroL, Zool. i. p. 106,
pi. i. fig. 2 (1833).
Mnox varieyata, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. ISo (1875),
The New-Ireland Owlet.
Ilah. New Ireland and Xew Britain.
1064. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. [? From New
Ireland*.] Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Ninox novse-zealandiae.
Str'uv novce-zeahmdice, Gmclin, Svst. Nat. i. p. 29G (1788).
JS'ino.v novce-zealandice, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 173
(1875).
The New-Zealand Hawk-Owl.
llah. New Zealand.
1065. Skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
Ninox connivens.
Falco connivens, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. sii (ISOJ).
Ninox connivens, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 175 (1875).
The Large Hawk-Owl.
Ilah. Australia.
1066. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1003.
* The specimen to which this sternum belongs is in the British Museum,
and is the type of N. solomonis of Sbarjie (P. Z. S. 187G, p. G.37, pi. Ixii.).
The probability is ihat it really came from New Ireland, and sulumunis
is a misnomer.
234 ACCIPITRES.
Ninox connivens.
1067. Sternum of female, with right coracoid and scapula.
From Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
S. S. 947. Presented Inj P. L. Sdater, Es(/., F.R.S.
Genus GLAUCIDIUM.
Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 970.
Glaucidium radiatum.
Sfri.v radiata, Tickell, J. A. S. Bciig. ii. p. 372 (1833).
Glaucidium radiatum, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. ^lus. ii. p. 217
(1875).
The Jungle Owlet.
Ilah. Indian Peninsula.
1068. Sternum. From ^S'^epal.
Presented Jiy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
1069. Pelvis. From Nepal. Presented hi) B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
Glaucidium cuculoides.
Noctua cuculoides, Vigors, Proc. Zool. Sue. 1831, p. 8.
Glaucidium cuculoides, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mas. ii. p, 219
(1875).
The Barred Owlet.
Hah. Himalaya Mountains and the Indo-Chinese Subregion.
1070. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal. S. S. 1867.
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus ASIO*.
Brisson, Orn. i. p. 28 (17(50).
Asio otus.
Sirix otus, Linua)us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 132 (1766).
Asio otus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 227 (1875).
The Long-eared Owl.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
* For skeleton oi Asio uuKhujascariensis, cf. Milno-Edwards and Graiidid.
Ois. Madag-. i. pi. 38 a.
BUBONIDiE. 235
1071. Skeleton (wanting skull). 0. C. 1(504 a.
1072. Skull. 0. C. 1604 b. Purchased.
1073. Stei-nuni, with ribs and slioulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
1074. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. (J. 1G04. Ilunterian.
1075. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 825.
Furchaaed.
Asio accipitrinus.
Stri:v accipitrina. Pallas, lleis. lluss. licicbs, i. p. 4-55 (1771).
Asio accipitrinus, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 234 (1875).
The Short-eared Owl.
IM). The temperate and tropical regions of both hemispheres.
1076. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1604 c.
Yarrell Collection.
1077. Natural skeleton: mounted. 0. C. 1604 D.
1078. Skull. 0. C. 1604E. Furchased.
1079. Vertebrre. Purchased .
1080. Sternum, wanting left coracoid and scapula. S. S. 826.
Furchased.
1081. Sternum, without shoulder-girdles. S, S. 1293.
Presented hij the Snilthsonian Institution.
1082. Sternum. 0. C. 1604 f. Purchased.
1083. lYdvis. Purchased.
Asio grammicus.
Epliialtes (jrammicus, Gosse, B. Jamaica, p. 19, pi. 4 (1847).
Asio (/ramniicas, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 242 (18/5).
The Jamaican Eared Owl.
JIal). Jamaica.
1084. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1443.
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
236 ACCIPITRES.
Genus SYRNIUM.
Savigny, Dcscr. dc I'Egypte, p. 298 (1S09).
Syrnium aluco.
Stricc aluco, Linnasus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 132 (1706).
Syrnium aluco, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 247 (1875).
The Tawny Owl.
Ilab. Europe.
1085. Skeleton. 0. C. 1605 a. Yarrell Collection.
1086. Skeleton of female. 0. C. 1605 d.
From the Zoological Society.
1087. Sknll. Purchased.
1088. Cranium. 0. C. 1605 c. Purchased.
1089. Sternum, \vit]i riolit coracoid and scapula. S. S. 823.
Purchased.
Syrnium nebulosum.
Strix nehidosa, Forster, Phil. Trans, xxii. p. 386 (1772).
Syrnium nebulosion, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 257 (1875).
The Baured Owl.
Hab. Eastern region of the United States.
1090. Sternum. S. S. 1278.
Presented hij the Smithsonian Instittdlon.
Genus NYCTALA *.
Brehm, Isis, 1828, p. 1271.
Nyctala tengmalmi.
Sirix tencjmalmi, Gmeliu, Syst. Nat. i. p. 291 (1788).
hhjctala tciKjmahni, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 284 (1875).
Tengmalm's Owl.
Ilah. jS". Europe to Siberia, and North America.
* Cf. R. Collett, " On the; Asymmetry of the Skull in Strix tciKjmuhni,'"
P. Z. S. 1871, pp. 7o9-74-"3, cum figg.
STRIGlDvE. 237
1091. Skeleton. 0. C. IfiOSu.
Presented hij Dr. R. Boiodler Sharpe.
Nyctala acadica.
Strlv acadica, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 14!), pi. 5. fig. 2 (178S).
Nyctala acadica, Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. ilus. ii. p. 2S7 (1875).
The Acadian Owl.
Hah. N. America, ranoino- into Mexico.
1092. Articulated skeleton : mount?J. 0. C. 1607 d.
Yarrell Collection.
Family STRIGID.E.
Gemts STRIX.
LiunoDus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 133 (1766).
Strlx flammea.
ofjn'a-yZrtwiHJt'rt, Linnasus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 133 (1766) ; Sharpe, Cat.
B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 291 (1875).
The Common Bahn-Owl.
Hah. The greater part of both hemispheres.
109-3. Skeleton. 0. C. 1607 a. Stores.
1094. Skeleton (imperfect).
1095. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. V,. 1606 a.
Yarrell Collection.
1096. Disarticulated skull. 0. 0. 1607. Purchased.
1097. Skull. 0. C. 1605.
Presented hy William CUft, Esq., F.R.S.
1098. Skull. 0. C. 1606. Hunterian.
1099. Left half of skull. 0. C. 1607 e. Purchased.
1100. Skull. 0. C. 1607 F. Presented hy W. J. Bonner, Esq.
238 PSITTACI.
Strix flammea.
1101. Sternum, with right coracoid and both scapultB.
1102. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Nepal.
Presented bi/ B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
1103. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 824. Purcliased.
1104. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula, S. S. 1265.
From Jamaica. Presented }>ii Mrs. Gosse.
Strix delicatula.
Strix delicatula, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 140.
The Australian Barn-Owl.
Hah. Australia.
1105. Sternum of male, with right coracoid and scajuila. From
Dobroyde, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S 91(5.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.8.
Strix capensis.
8trix capensis. Smith, 8.-Afr. Q. Jouru. 2nd scr. no. 4, pt. 1,
p. 317; Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. ii. p. 307 (1875).
The African Grass-Owl.
Hah. Southern Africa.
1106. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
Order II. PSITTACI *.
[C/. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 18.]
A. Young hatched in a helpless condition, naked \_cf. Sharpe,
'Review,' p. 83].
[N.B. — Mr. Seebohm allies the Parrots to the Birds of
Prey on account of the downy condition of the young ;
* Psittaciformes, Sharpe, Review Classif. B. p. 83. Cf. Garrod, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1874, pp. 586-598, pis. Ixx., Ixxi., 1876, pp. 691-602, 1877, p. 793 ;
Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 21 ; Slmfeldt, Journ. Anat. xx. part iii. art. 4, pp. 407-
425, pis. X., xi. (1886).
psiTTAcr. 239
but, as a matter of fact, the nestlino; ])liiniafTo is develoj)eJ
in a totally ditiorent fashion in the Accipitres.]
B. Hallux present and connected \yitli the f/exor loiigus hal/ucis,
and not with the f/ed'or loitc/Ks d'njitonun.
C. Palate desmognathous ; the upper mandible movable, loosely
articulated to the skull.
D. Dorsal vertebra^ opisthoccelous.
E. Feet zyoodactyle.
F. Spinal feather-tract well defined on neck and foi-ked on upper
back.
Genus NESTOR *.
Wagler, Abhaudl. Ak. AVissensch. Munclien, i. p. oU3 (1829-30).
Nestor h3rpopolius.
Psittacus Jiypopolias, Forster, Draw. no. 50.
JS^cstor hiipopolius, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. li. p. 548 (1865).
The Ka-Ka Parrot.
Hah. New Zealand.
1107. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1443 a. Presented hi) Sir George Grey.
1108. Upper mandible. 0. C. 1443.
Presented hij John Goidd, Esq., F.P.S.
Nestor notabilist.
Nestor votahilis, Gould, P. Z. 8. 185G, p. 94 ; id. Handb. B. Austr.
ii. p. 544 (1805) ; BuUer, B. New Zealand, 2ud cd. vol. i. p. 1G6
(1888).
The Mountain Ka-Ka.
FTah. Middle Island, New Zealand.
1109. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1443 B.
P reijared from a specimen which died in the
Zoological Gardens, 1872.
1110. Skull. 0. C. 1443 c. Purchased.
* (/. A. 13. Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelet. i. Taf. xxiii. {N. mcn'dionalis).
t Cy. Lorenz, Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Ixxxiv. Abtli. 1, p. 624.
240 psiTTAcr.
Genus EOS.
Wagler, Abhandl. Ak. Wisscnsch. Mimchon, i. p. 4!Ji (1S32).
Eos cardinalis.
Lorius cardinalis, Graj', Gen. B. iii. App. p. 20 (1840),
Eos cardinalis, Salvador!, Orn. Pap. i. p. 249 (ISSO).
The Cahdinal Lory.
Hah. Solomon Archipelago and Duke of York Island.
1111. Sternum, with shoulder- girdle. From Duke of York Island.
S. S. 2563. Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., P.E.S.
1112. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From New Ireland.
S. S. 2441. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Eos coccineus.
Fsittacus coccineus, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 89 (1790).
Domicella coccinea, Finsch, Papag. ii. p. 800.
The Sanghie, Lory.
Hah. Sanghir Islands.
1113. Natural skeleton of mal(>: mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
Genus LORIUS*.
Vigors, Zool. Journ. ii. p. 400 (1825), ex Erisson, Oraith. iv.
p. 215 (1700).
Lorius garrulus.
Psiitacus garndus, Linnaeus, Mus. Ad. Fr. ii. p. 14 (1764).
Lorius garrulus, Salvadori, Orn. Pap. i. p. 241 (1880).
The Chattering Lory.
Hah. The Moluccas.
1114. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2148.
From the Zoological Society.
* Cf. A. B. Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Sltelet. i. Taf. Ixix. (Lorius lory) ;
id. /. c. Taf. Ixviii. (Z. ciiaimvchen).
P8ITTACI. 211
Lorius chlorocercus.
Loritts chlorocercus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1856, p. 137 ; Salvador!, Orn.
Pap. i. p. 239 ( 1880).
The Green-tailed Lory.
Hab. Solomon Islands.
1115. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1821.
From the Zoological Gardens.
1115 A. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus TRICHOGLOSSUS *.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 287 (1826).
Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus.
Psittacus chlorolepidotus, Kuhl, Consp. Psitt. in Nova Acta Aoad.
C. L.-C. Nat. Cur. x. p. 48 (1820).
TrichoglossKS cMorolepidotus, Gould, Handb. B. Ausfcr. ii. p. 96
(1865).
The Scaly-breasted Lorikeet.
Hah. New South Wales.
1116. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From (Clarence
River, N. S. Wales. Presented % Dr. K. P. Pamsaij.
Trichoglossus multicolor.
Psittacus midtkolor, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 328 (1788).
Trichoglossus multicolor, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 93 (1865).
The Blue-bellied Lorikeet.
Hab. S. Australia.
1117. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Dobroyde, N. S.
Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 988.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* Cf. A. B. Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelet. i. Taf. xxiv. ( T. 'mei/eri) ; id.
f. r. Taf. Ixx. ('/'. oniatm).
PART III. R
242 PSITTACI.
Genus GLOSSOPSITTACUS.
(Glossopsitta) Bonaparte, Kev. Zool. ser. 2, vi. p. 157 (1854).
Glossopsittacus australis.
Psittacus australis, Latham, lud. Orn. i. p. 104 (1790).
Olossopsitta australis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 100 (1865).
The Musky Lorikeet.
Hob. Australia.
1118. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1453.
Gould Collection.
1119. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Dobroyde, N. S.
Wales. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Glossopsittacus porphyrocephalus.
Trichoglossus porphyrocepTialus, Dietrichsen, Trans. Linn. See. xvii.
p. 553,
Olossopsitta porpJu/rocephalus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 102
(1865).
The Porphyry-crowned Lorikeet.
Hah. Australia.
1120. Skeleton, from Western Australia. 0. C. 1453 a.
Goidd Collection.
Genus CALYPTORHYNCHUS*.
Vigors & Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soc. xv. p. 269 (1826).
Calyptorhyncbus banksi.
Psittacus banksii, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 107 (1790).
Calyptorliynchus banksii, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 13
(1865).'
The Banksi AN Cockatoo.
Hah. New South Wales.
1121. Skull. 0. C. 1446. Gould Collection.
* On Micro,,los:>um, cf. Tarker, P. Z. S. 186.5, p. 2m. Cf. also A. B.
Meyer, Abbild. \'ogel-Skelet. i. Taf. xliii. (skeleton).
PSITTACI. 243
Calyptorhynchus funereus.
Psittama fancreiis, Shaw, Nafc. Misc. pi. 186.
CalyptorhyncliHx fnnereus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 20 (ISG.j).
The Funereal Cockatoo.
Hal>. New Sontli Wales.
1122. Skeleton. 0. C. 1444 a. Gould Collection.
1123. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. From Palmer,
N. 8. Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 984.
Presented hij P. L. Sclater, Es,j.^ F.P.S.
Calyptorhynchus naso.
CalyptorJu/nchus naso, Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 183(), p. lOG ; id.
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 17 (1865).
The Western Black Cockatoo.
Hab. New South Wales.
1124. Partly articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1445.
Gould CoUectidK.
Caljrptorhynchus leachii.
Psittacus leachii, Kuhl, Conap. Psitt. in Xova Acta Acad. C. L.-C.
Nat. Cur. x. p. 91, pi. 3 (1820).
Calyptorhynchus leachii, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 18(18(55).
Leach's Cockatoo.
Hah. New South Wales and South Australia.
1125. Skeleton. O. ( '. 1445 a. Gould Collection.
Cal3^torhynchus baudinii.
Calyptorhynchus liaudiuii, V^igors in Lear's 111. Psitt. pi. 6 ( 1832) ;
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 25 (1865).
Baudin's Cockatoo.
Hah. Western Australia.
1126. Skull, longitudinally bisected. O. U. 1447.
Gould Collection.
1127. Skull, transversely bisected. 0. C. 1448. (nndd Collection.
u2
244 PSITTACI.
Calyptorhynchus xanthonotus.
CalyptorTiyncluis xanthonotus, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 151 ;
id. Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 22 (1865).
The Yellow-eared Black Cockatoo.
Hah. Tasmania and S. Australia.
1128. Articulated skeleton : mounted. O. C. 1444.
Gould Collection.
Genus CALLOCEPHALON.
Lesson, Bougainville's Voy. 'Thetis," ii. p. 311, pis. xxxix., xl.
(1837).
Callocephalon galeatum.
Psittacus galeatus, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. xxiii (1801).
Callocephalon (/aleafum, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 29 (1865).
The Gang-Gang Cockatoo.
Ilab. S. Australia and Tasmania.
1129. Sternum of" female, with shoulder-girdle. 8. S. 2160.
From the Zoological Society.
1130. Sternum of n)ale. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
S. S. 987 {F. P. Ramsay).
Presented hyP. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus CACATUA *.
Yieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Xat. xvii. p. 6 (1817).
Cacatua hsematuropygia.
Psittacus hcematuroiiijijia, P. L. S. Miiller, S. IS". Suppl. p. 77 (1776).
Cacatua hrmaturojnpjia, Tweedd. Trans. Z. S. ix. p. 132 (1875).
The Red-vented Cockatoo.
Hub. Philippine Islands.
1131. Skeleton. 0. C. 1440 C. Presented by Dr. Otto Finsch.
* Cf. Meyer, Abbild Voorel-Skelpt. i. Taf. xviii. xix. (C. sulphur ea and
C. cifrinocrixtr/ff/).
PylTTACI. 245
'Cacatua galerita.
Psittacus f/aleritus, Latham, Iiid. Orn. i. p. 109 (1790).
Cacatua galerita, Gould, Hanrlb. B. Austr. ii. p. 2 (1865).
The Great Sulphur-crested Cockatoo.
Ilab. Australia.
1132. Articulated skeleton : luouiitcd. O. C. U40.
Gould Collection.
1133. Skull. From Clarence River, New South Wales. 0. C.
1440 A. Presented by C, E. Porter, Esq.
1134. Sternum of female, with shouldc r-oinlle, wanting left cora-
coid and scapula. From Clarence River, New South
Wales {E. P. Pamm>/). S. S. 984.
Prese7ited by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.Ji.S.
Cacatua sulphurea.
Psittacus sulphureus, Gmeliu, Sjst. Xat. i. p. 330 (1788).
Cacatua sulphurea, Walden, Trans. Z. S. viii. p. 30 (1872).
The Lesser Sulphur-crested Cockatoo.
Ilab. Celehes.
1135. Skeleton of male, from Celebes. 0. C. 144UB.
Presented by Dr. Otto Fiiisch.
Cacatua leadbeateri.
Plyctoloplivs leadbeateri, Vigors, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1830, j). 61.
Cacatua leadbeateri, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 5 (1865).
Leadbeater's Cockatoo.
Hob. Australia.
1136. Articulated skeleton: mounted. O. C 1441.
Gould Collection.
1137. Natural skeleton : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
1138. Skeleton of male. 0. C. 1440 1).
Presented by Jjr. Otto Fin^ch.
24(1 PSITTA CI,
Cacatua dncorpsi.
Cacatua dncorpsi, Jacquinot et Pucberan, Voy. Pole Sud, Zool. i.
p. 108 ; Sharpe, in Gould's Birds New Guiuea, v. pi. 47 (1885).
DucoRPs's Cockatoo.
Hah. Solomon Islands.
1139. Skull. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Cacatua roseicapilla.
Cacatua ruseicapillM, Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xvii. p. 12
(1817) ; Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 8 (1865).
The Roseate Cockatoo.
Hah. Australia.
1140. Sternum of male, with shouldei'-girdie, wanting left
scapula. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
Presented b// Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Geuus LICMETIS.
Wagler, Abhaudl. Ak. Wissensch. Miincben, i. p. 5U5 (1832).
Licmetis tenuirostris.
Licmetis tenuirostris, Wagler, ut supra, i. pp. 505 & 695 : Gould,
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 11 (1865).
The Long-billed Cockatoo.
Hah. Victoria and South Australia.
1141. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. V,. 1442.
Gould Collection.
Genus CALOPSITTACUS.
Lesson, Illustr. Zool. pi. xlix. (1832).
Calopsittacus novae hoUandise.
Psiitacus nova' holkmdicv, Latham, lud. Orn, i. p. 102 (1790).
Calopsitta novce hoUandia;, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 84 (1865).
The Cockatoo Parhakeet.
Hah. S. Australia.
PSITTACI. 247
1142. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
1143. Sternum of female, with coracoids and furcula.
Presented hy Dr. Otto Finsch.
1144. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left
coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1818.
From the Zoological ISociely.
Genus NASITERNA *.
Wagler, Monogr. Psitt. p. 498 (1832).
Nasitema pusio.
Nasiterm pmio, Sclater, P. Z. S. 18G5, p. 62U, pi. 35 ; {Salvad.
Orn. Papuasia, i. p. 127 (1880).
The Pigmy Spine-tailed Parrakeet.
Hab. Duke of York and Solomon Islands.
1145. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 2040. From the Zoological Society.
Genus ARA.
Brisson, Ornith. iv. p. 184 (1760).
Ara ararauna.
Psittacus ararauna, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 139 (1766).
Ara ararauna, Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. p. Ill (1873).
The Bltje-and-Yellow Macaw.
Hab. South America.
1146. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1486.
South Coll.
1147. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1437.
Donor unknoivn.
1148. Articulated skeleton : mounted. O.C. 1437 c.
Yarrell Collection.
1149. Roof of cranium, with maxilla. 0. C. 1438.
« Cf. Forbc., i'. Z. S. 1880, p. 77.
248 PSITTACI.
Ara ararauna.
1150. Head. 0. C. 1439.
1151. Sternum with slioukler-girdle. 0. C. 1437 A.
1152. Pelvis.
Ara maracana.
Psittacus maracana, Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. ii. p. 260
(1816).
Ara maracana, Scl. & h^alv. Nomencl. Av. p. Ill (1873).
Illiger's Macaw.
Ilah. Brazil.
1153. Skeleton of female. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
1154. Skeleton (not quite perfect). 0. C. 1437 b. [Cranium
exhibited in separate series.] Stores, 1868.
1155. Cranium of above specimen.
Genus CONURUS *.
Kuhl, Consp. Psitt. p. 4 (1820).
Conurus pertinax.
Psittacus per tina a.', Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 142 (1766).
Conurus pertinacc, ScL & Salv. NomencL Av. p. 112 (1873).
The Guiana Conuee.
Hah. Guiana.
1156. Natural skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Conurus vittatus.
Psittacus vittatus, Shaw, Gen. Zool. viii. p. 404 (18] 2).
Conurus vittatus, Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. p. 112 (1873).
The Red-billed Conure.
Ilab. S. Brazil.
1157. Sternum of male, with shoulder-fvirdle. S. S. 2170 A.
From the Zoological Gardens.
* Cf. Sbufeldt on Ccl??w^^s rr/roZwfWiSvV, Journ. Anat. Apr. 1886, xx. pt. iii.
pp. 407—425, pis. X., xi. ; id. Auk, iii. p, 479.
PSITTACI. 249
Conurus seruginosus.
Psittacus arvginosiis, Liumcus, .Syst. Nat. i. p. 142 (17B(J).
Conurns (eruginosus, Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. p. 112 (1873).
The Brown-throated Conure.
Hah. Venezuela and Guiana.
1158. Sternum, witli shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1549.
Presented by P. L. Sclafer, Esq., P. U.S.
Conurus nanus.
Psittacara nana, Vigors, Zool. Jouru. v. p. 273 (1830).
Conums nanus, Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 179 (1889).
The Yellow-billed Conure.
Hah. Jamaica.
1159. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle, wanting right
coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1444.
Presented hij tJie Smithsonian Institution.
Conurus jendaya.
Psittacus jendaija, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 319 (1788).
Conurus jendaya, Sclater «& Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 112 (1873).
The Yellow-headed Conure.
Hah. S.E. Brazil.
1160. Skeleton of nuile. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
Genus BROTOGERYS.
Sclater, Proc. Zool. See. 1860, p. 287.
Brotogerys virescens.
Psittacus viresceus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 326 (1788).
Brotogerys virescens, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 113 (1873).
The Yellow-winged Parrakeet.
Hah. Brazil.
1161. Skeleton. O.C. 1456 b. Presented by ])r. Otto Finsch.
250 PSITTACI.
Genus CHRYSOTIS.
SwainsoB, Classif. B. ii. p. :J00 (1837).
Chrysotis collaria.
Psittacus coUamis, Linnaeus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 149 (1766).
Chrysotis collaria, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 113 (1873) ;
Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 182 (1880).
The Ued-throated Amazon.
Hab. Jamaica.
1162. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Chrysotis sestiva.
Psittacus o'stivus, Latham, Ind. Orn. i. p. 121 (1790).
Chri/sotis (estiva, Sclater & Salvin, Xomencl. Av. p. 114 (1873).
The Blue -faced Amazon.
Hab. South America.
1163. Natural skeleton of male. Presented by Dr. Freeman.
1164. Natural skeleton of female.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
1165. Skull of male. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
1166. Skull. Purchased.
1167. Larynx and trachea. Presented by JJr. Otto Finsch.
1168. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented by Dr. Otto Finsch.
1169. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
Chrysotis amazonica.
Psittacus amazonicus, Linuanis, Syst. Xat. i. p. 147 (1766).
Chrysotis amazonica, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 114
(1873).
The Orange-winged Amazon.
Hab. Brazil, Guiana, Amazonia, and Colombia.
1170. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1998.
From the Zoological Society,
PSITTACI. 251
Chrysotis auripalliata.
Fsittacus auripalliatus, Lesson, Rev. Zool. 1842, p. i;3o,
Chrysotis auripalliatus, Sol. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. p. 114 (1873).
Amlroglossa auripalliata, Meyer, AbbUd. Vogel-Skelet. i. Taf. Ixiv.
(181J0).
The Golden-naped Amazon.
Hah. Central America.
1171. Skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. .J. Abrahams.
Chrysotis agilis.
Psittucus ar/iUs, Liumtus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 143 (1766).
Chrysotis agilis, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 113(1873);
Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 183 (1889).
The Active Amazon.
Hab. Jamaica.
1172. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Stores.
1173. Stenium of male, with coracoids and furcula. S. S. 1445.
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Chrysotis ochrocephala.
Fsittacus ochrocephalus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 339 (1788).
Chrysotis ocliroeephala, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 114
(1873).
The Yellow-fronted Amazon.
Hab. Guiana.
1174. Natural skeleton of male. Presented by Mr. .J. Abrahams.
Genus PIONUS.
Wagler, Abhandl. Ak. Wissensch. Muiicben, i, p. 497 (1832).
Pionus menstruus.
Fsittacus menstruus, LinnaDus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 148 (1766).
Pio7ms menstruus, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl, Av, p. 114 (1873).
The Red-vented Caique.
Hab. Central and South America.
1175. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1806.
Presented by P. L. ScUdcr, Esq., F.R.S.
252 PSITTACI.
Pionus senilis.
Psittacus senilis, Spix, Av, Bras. p. 42, pi. xxxi. fig. 1 (1840).
Pionwi senilis, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl, Av. p. 114 (1873).
The White-headed Caique.
Ilab. Mexico.
1176. yternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2170.
From the Zoological Society/.
1177. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1010. Purchased.
Genus CAICA.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 198 (1831).
Caica melanocephala.
Psittacus melanocephalus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 149 (1766).
Caica melanocephala, Sclater ik Salvin, Nomencl. Av. p. 114
(1873).
The Black-headed Caique.
Hah. Demerara.
1178. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S, 2156.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus PSITTACUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 139 (1766).
Psittacus erythacus.
Psittacus erithacHs, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 144 (1766).
Psittacus erythacus, Hartlaub, Orn. West-Afr. p. 166 (1857).
The Grey Parrot.
Hah. Africa.
1179. Skeleton. 0. C. 1455. South Collection.
1180. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1454. Hunterian.
PSITTACI. 253
1181. Natural skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahmhams.
1182. ISkull. Purchased.
1183. Left half of cranium. 0. C. 1458. Ilunterian.
1184. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Stores.
1185. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Stores.
Genus ECLECTUS*.
Wagler, Monogr. Psitt. p. 495 (1832).
Eclectus grandis.
Psittacus grandis, Gmeliu, Syst. Nat. i. p. 335 (1788).
Eclectus grandis, Finsch, Die Papag. ii. p. 340 (1868).
The Grand Lory.
Hah. Moluccas.
1186. Skeleton of male. From Halmahera (Gilolo). 0. V,.
145 G c. Presented hy Dr. Otto Finsch.
1187. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 204(j.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus PALffiORNIS.
Vigors, Zool. Journ. ii. p. 46 (1825).
Palseornis torquatus.
Psittacus torquatus, Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 32 (1783).
Palceornis torquatus, Jerdon, B. Ind. i. p. 257 (1862).
The Eing-necked Parrakeet.
Ilah. India.
1188. Skeleton of male. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
1189. Skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Ahrahams.
1190. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal (no. 701).
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
* Cf. Meyer, Abbild. Vugel-Skel. i. Taf. xx., xliv. {E. polychlorus).
254 psiTTAcr.
Palseornis torquatus.
1191. Sternum, witli shoulder-girdle. From Nepal (no. 701).
Presented b>/ B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
1192. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
1193. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle, wanting both
seapulpe. S. S. 1912.
Presented hij Dr. John Anderson, F.Ii.S.
Palseornis fasciatus.
Psittacus javaniciis, Osbeck, It. Ind. Orient, i. p. 101 (1757).
Pidceornis fasciatus (P. L. S. ^Nriill.), Gates, ed. Hume's Nests &
Eggs Ind. B. iii. p. 90 (1890).
The Red-breasted Parrakeet.
Hah. India, extending to the Malayan Peninsula and Java.
1194. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2035. Stores.
1195. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hij li. 11. Hodgson, Ks(f.
Palseornis eupatrius.
Psittacus eupatrius, Linnaeus, Sjst. Nat. i. p. 141 (1706).
Palceornis eupatrius, Gates, ed. Hume's Nests & Eggs Ind. B. iii.
p. 82 (1890).
The Rose-banded Parrakeet.
Hab. India.
1196. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal (no. (J74).
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Palseornis cyanocephalus.
Psittacus cyanocephalus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 141 (17GG).
Palceornis cyayiocephcdus, Horsf. & Moore, Cat. B. Mus. E.I. Co.
ii. p. 610 (1858).
The Eastern Rose-headed Parrakeet.
llab, India and ( "liina.
PSITTACI. 255
1197. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, waiitinor left scapula. From
Nepal (no. 273). Presented by B. IL Hodgson, Esq.
1198. Pelvis. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Gemis POLYTELIS.
Wagler, Abhandl. Ak. Wissensch. Miinchen, i. p. 123 (1832).
Polytelis barrabandii.
Psittacus barrabandii, Swainson, Zool. 111. 1st ser. pi. o9 (1821).
Polytelis barrabandii, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 31 (1865).
Barraband's Parrakeet.
Hah. N. S. Wales and Victoria.
1199. Sternum of young male, with shoulder-girdle. From
New South Wales {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1G91.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Polytelis melanura.
Palceornis melanura, Vigors, in Lear's 111. Psitt. pi. 28 (1832).
Polytelis melanura, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 33 (1865).
The Black-tailed Parrakeet.
Hah. Southern and Western Australia.
1200. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. 0. 1450.
Gould Collect/' 071.
Genus APROSMICTUS.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 73.
Aprosmictus cyanopygius.
Psittacus cyanopygius, Vieillot, N". Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxv. p. 339
(1817).
Aprosmictus scapulatus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr, ii. p. 35 (1865).
The King Parrakeet.
Hah. Tlic greater part of Australia.
256 PSITTACI.
Aprosmictus cyanopygius.
1201. Skull. New South Wales. 0. C. 1449 f.
Presented hi/ C. E. Porter, Esq.
1202. Sternum of young male, with shoulder-girdle. From
Clarence River, N. S. Wales (E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 986.
Presented hji P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Aprosmictus erythropterus.
Pslitacus erythropterus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 343 (1788).
Aprosmictus erythropterus, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 112.
The E;ED-winged Parrakeet.
Hab. Australia.
1203. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1449 e. Gould Collection.
Genus PYRRHULOPSIS.
Reichenbach, Syst. Av. pi. Ixxxii. (18.50).
Pyrrhulopsis personatus.
Coracopsis i^) personatus,(jv?iY, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1818, p. 21, pi. iii'
Platycercus p)ersonatus, Finsch & Hartl. Faun. Centralpol. p. 2L
(1867).
The Masked Parrakeet.
Hah. Fiji Islands.
1204. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2039.
From the Zoological Society.
Pyrrhulopsis splendens.
Platycercus splendetis, Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped. p. 127, pi. 34
(1848) ; Finsch & Hartl. Faun. Centralpol. p. 20 (1867).
The Shining Parrakeet.
Hah. Fiji Islands.
1205. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2433.
From the Zooloffical Socieli/.
rsiTTAOi. 257
Genus AGAPORNIS.
■Selby, in Jard. Nat. Libr., Ornith. vi. pp. 117, 118, pi. xi. (1836).
Agapornis puUaria.
PsHtacus pullarms, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 119 (176G).
Agaporais puUaria, Hartlaub, Orn. West-Afr. p. 168 (18o7).
The West- African Love-bird.
TJa]). West Africa.
1206. Natural skeleton: mounted, O. C 1456'a.
Yarrell Collection.
Agapornis cana.
Psittacns cana, Gmeliu, Syst, Nat. i. p, 350 (1788).
Psittaada madar/ascariensis, Milne-Edw. & Grandid. Hist. Xat.
Madag., Ois. i. p. 17, pis. 7, 8 (1876).
The Grey-headed Love-bird,
Ifah, Madagascar.
1207. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2147.
From the Zooloqical S;>r/'efi/,
Genus PLATyCERCUS.
Vigors, Zool. Journ. i. p. 527, pi. ], suppL (1825).
Platycercus pennantii.
Psittacns pennantii, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii, p. 90 (1790),
Plat;ifcercu!i pennantii, Gould, Handb. JB. Austr. ii. p. 44 (1865).
Pennant's Parrakeet.
I fill. Australia.
1208. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Riehmoud River,
New South "Wales. Preseided !>;/ Dr. K. 1\ Ramsoii.
1209. Sternum of female. S. S. 2044.
Fivtn the Zo(do<i'/ral Socirty.
PAKT III. S
258 PSITTACI.
Platycercus adelaidse.
Platycercus adelaidce, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1840, p. 161 ; id.
B. Austr. V. pi. 22.
The Adelaide Parrakeet.
Hah. South Australia.
1210. Sternum of female. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Platycercus icterotis.
Psittacus icterotis, Temminck, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiii. p. 120 (1822).
Platycercus icterotis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 58 (1865).
The Yellow-eared Parrakeet.
Hah. West Australia.
1211. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1449 d.
Gould Collection.
1212. Skeleton of male. Presented hi/ Mr. J. Ahrahams.
Platycercus eximius.
Psittacus eximius, Shaw, Nat. Misc. pi. 96.
Platycercus e.vimius, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 55 (1865).
The Rose-hill Parrakeet.
Hub. Australia and Tasmania.
1213. Sternum of male. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales
{E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 989.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Platycercus flaviventris.
Psittacus flaviventris, Temminck, Traus. Linn. Soc. xiii. pp. 116-
118(1822).
Platycercus flaviventris, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 48
(1865).
The Yellow-bellied Parrakeet.
Hah. Tasmania.
1214. Skeleton. From Tasmania. 0. C. 1449 a.
Gould Collection.
PSITTACI, 259
Platycercus zonarius.
Psittaais zonarim^ Shaw's Nat. Misc. pi. 657.
Platycercus zonarius, Gould, Haadb, B. Austr. ii. p. 43 (1805).
Bauer's Parrakeet.
Ifab. Australia.
1215. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0. C. 1449 B.
Gould Collect /on.
1216. Skeleton of male. Presented hj Mr. J. Ahrakaiiu.
(Jenus PSEPHOTUS.
Gould, B. Austr. v. pi. 30 (1845).
Psephotas multicolor.
PsitlacHS multicolor, Temminck, Trans. Linn. Soe. xiii. p. 119
(1822).
Psephotuft multicolor, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. u. p. 08 (1S(;.»).
The Many-coloured Parrakeet.
.,' Hah. Australia.
1217. Skeleton. 0. C. 1449 c. Pr('!^<'nt(Hl h;i Dr. Otto Fiiixrh.
Genus EUPHEMA.
Wagler, Monogr. Psitt. p. 492 ( 1 832).
Euphema pulchella.
Psittacua imkh'llus, Shaw, Xat. Misc. pi. 90.
Euphema imlchella, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 77 (1805).
The Chestnut-shouldered Grass-Parrakeet.
Hah. New South Wales.
1218. Skeleton of female. Presented hy Mr. ./. Ahrahaim.
1219. Skeleton. 0. ( - 1452 a. Prr.orNt^l hj/ Ih: Otto FiiiHch.
260 PSITTACI.
Euphema pulchella.
1220. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented hj Mr. J. Abrahams.
1221. Natural skeleton of female.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
1222. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
, From the Zoological Society.
1223. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Dobroyde, N. S.
Wales (£". P. Ramsay). S. S. 991.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Euphema bourkii.
Nanodes hoiirl-ii, Mitchell, Austr. Exped. i. p. xviii (1838).
Euphema bourlii, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 80 (1865).
Bourke's Grass-Parrakeet.
Hub. Australia.
1224. Sternum. From the Zoological Society.
Euphema chrysostoma.
Psittacus chrysostomus, Kuhl, Consp. Psitt. in Nova Acta Acad.
C. L.-C. Nat. Cur. x. p. 50, pi. i.
Euphema chrysostoma, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 71 (1865).
The Blue-banded Grass-Parrakeet.
I{ah. Australia.
1225. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1452.
Gould Collection.
Genus CYANORHAMPHUS.
Bonaparte, Rev. Zool. 1854, p. 153.
Cyanorhamphus novse-zealandise.
Psittacus novce-zeelandio', Sparrraan, llus. Carls, pi. 28 (1787).
Platycercus novce-zealandice, Buller, B. New Zealand, 2nd ed.
vol. i. p. 137 (1688).
The E>ed-fronted Parrakeet.
rsiTTAcr. 261
Hah. New Zealand.
1226. Sternum, with sbonlder-oirdle. S. S. 2&(j'd.
Fresented hi) P. L. Sclater, Ls</., F.R.S.
Genus MELOPSITTACUS.
Gould, Birds of Austr. v. pi. 44 (1840).
Melopsittacus undulatus.
Psittacus undulatus, Shaw, Nat. Misc. pi. 673.
Melopsittacus undulatus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 81 (1865).
The "Warbling Grass-Pakkakeet.
Hah. Australia.
1227. Skeleton of male. Presented hi/ 2Ir. J. Abrahams.
1228. Natural skeleton : mounted.
Presented hi/ Mr. J. Abrahams.
1229. Natural skeleton of male : mounted.
Presented bij Mr. J. Abrahams.
1230. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Dobroyde,
N. S. Wales (E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1022.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
Genus LATHAMUS.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 205 (1831).
Lathamus discolor*.
Psittacus discolor, Shaw, AVhite's Voy. pi. to p. 263 (1790).
Latluiuius discolor, Gould, Handb. 15. Austr. ii. p. 90 (18G5).
The Swift Lorikeet.
Hah. S. Australia and Tasmania.
1231. Natural skeleton : mounted (ribs and vertebras defective).
0. C. 14.51. Gould Collection.
* Cf. Forbft^, 1'. Z. 8. 1879, pp. 160-174, pi. xvi.
2(i'2 PSITTACI.
Lathamus discolor.
1232. Sternum, with shonlder-girdle. From Dobroyde, N. S.
Wales (E. P. Ramsaij). S. S. 91'0.
Presented hi/ P. L. Sclafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus PEZOPORUS *.
Illiger, Prodromus, p. 201 (1811).
Pezoporus formosus.
Psittacus formonus, Latham, Ind. Oru. i. p. 103 (1790).
Pezoporus formosus, Goiild, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 86(1865);
Ejton, Osteol. Av. pi. ix. fig. 3, pi. s. fig. 3.
The Ground-Pakeakeet.
Jlah. S. Australia and Tasmania.
1233. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented In/ Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
1234. Sternum, -with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1695. From Richmond Hiver, N. S.
Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus STRING OPS.
Gray. (ieu. E. ii. p. 4'Ji) (1845).
Stringops habroptilus f.
Stringojis Jiabroptilas, Graj', Gen. B. ii. p. 427, pi. cv, : Gould,
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 539 (1865) ; Buller, B. New Zealand,
2nd ed. i. pp. 176, 246, pi. (1888).
The Owl-Parrot.
Jlah. New Zealand.
1235. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1458 A.
Received in Exchange.
1236. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2G70. Purchased.
* Cf. 8temimi of GeopsiftacKS, Murie, P. Z. S. 1868, p. 1G3.
t Cf. Lorenz, SB. Al<ad. Wien, Ixxxiv. Abth. i. p. 624 ; Meyer, Abbild.
Vogel-81velet. i. Tal". xvii. : Lydekker, Cat. Toi^i^il B. p. 9 (IbOlj.
STEGANOPODES. 26$
Subclass ANSERIFORMES.
[Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 24.]
A. Palate desmognatlious.
B. Spinal feather-tract not defined on the neck (either coalesced
with the ventral feather-tracts, or its place occupied by a
spinal bare tract).
C Flexor perforans difi'itornm never leading to hallux.
D. Young always passing through a downy stage.
Order I. STEGANOPODES*.
[Cr/. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 26.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Sternum not perforated to receive the sternal ends of the
coracoids.
D. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
Suborder I. PHAETHONTES'{.
[Sharpe, Keview, p. 76.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. IVIandible not produced^ and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. Nasal apertures large.
E. Palatines not coalesced.
F. Plumage of neck continuous ; no bare tracts.
G. Hallux united to second digit by a web.
H. Flexor perforans digitorum not leading to hallux.
* " Pelecani formes," Sharpe, Review, p. 76. Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B.
Brit. Mu9. p. m (1801).
t Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist. Bird?, p. 181 ; Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 26.
26^
STEGANOPODES.
Genus PHAETHON.
.Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 219 (1766).
Phaethon setHereus.
I'haethon cetJiereus, Linnaeus, ut supra ; Baird, Brewer, & Eidgway,
Water-Birds N. Amer. ii. p. 189 (1884).
The Red-billed Tropic-bird.
Hob. Troj^ical areas of Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans.
1237. Skeleton. 0. C. 1188 c. From Christmas Island, May
1835. Presented by F, D. Bennett, Esq.
Suborder II. SUL^E.
[Sharpe, Eeview, p. 77.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. Clavicle not anchylosed to the sternum.
E. Carotid arches present on cervical vertebrse.
F. Dorsal vertebrse without ventral processes.
Ct. Plumage on neck continuous : no bare tracts.
H. Hallux united to the second digit by a web.
Genus SULA *.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 494 (1760).
Sula bassana f.
Felecanus hassarms, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 217 (1766).
tSula hassana, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 643 (1885); Eyton,
Osteol. Av.pl. 6l.
The Gannet or Solan Goose.
* C/, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mas. p. 46 (1891) ; Meyer, Abbild.
Vogel-Skelet. i, Taf. Ixxi.
t Cf. Shufeldt, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mas. xi. pp. 287-309.
SULiE. 265
Hah. Northern portion of Europe and Eastern Xorth America,
wanderinof south in winter.
1238. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1185.
South Collection.
1239. Skeleton (hallux of right foot wanting). 0. C. 1184.
Hunterian.
1240. Skull. 0. C. 1186.
Presented hy Sir Everard Home, BaH., F.R.S.
1241. Cranium. S. S. 20G1. Stores.
1242. Right half of skull (quadrate bone and pterygoid
wanting). 0. C. 1102.
Presented by Sir Richard Oiven, P.R.S.
1243. Dried head. 0. C. 1187. Hunterian.
1244. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 708.
1245. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1188. Purchased.
Sula australis.
Sula australis, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 184U, p. 177 ; id. Handb.
B. Austr. ii. p. 504 (1865).
The Australian Gannet.
Hah. Tasmania and South Australia.
1246. Skeleton. 0. C. 118G a. Gould Collection.
Sula, sp.
1247. Skeleton. O.C. 1186 c. Stores, l^(^ii.
1248. Skeleton. 0. C. 1186 b. Stores.
1249. Skeleton. 0. C. 1186 d.
Presented hy F. D. Bennett, Esq.
266 STEGANOPODES.
Suborder III. P II ALA CROC OR A CES *.
[Cf. Sharpe, Eeview, p. 77.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Ba si pterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. Dorsal vertebrse opisthocoelous, with ventral processes.
E. Plumage of neck continuous : no bare tracts.
F. Hallux united to second digit by a web.
G. Flexor perforans digitorum not leading to hallux.
Family PHALACROCORACIDiE f.
Genus PHALACROCORAX.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 511 (1760).
Phalacrocorax carbo.
Pelecanus carho, Limiaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p, 216 (1766).
Fhalacrocorax carbo, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 650 (1885).
The Common Cormorant.
Hah. Eastern North America and the whole of the Old
World.
1250. Skeleton. 0. C. 11«0. South Collection.
1251. Skeleton. Presented by F. Bidwell, Esq.
1252. Skull, with bony occipital style attached. 0. C. 1181.
Ilunterian.
1253. Skull, with bony occipital style attached. 0. C. 1182.
Brookes Collection.
1254. Sternum, wanting left coracoid and scapula. S. S. 864.
Purchased.
* Cf. Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist. Birds, p. 190 ; Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B.
Brit. Mus. p. 50 (1891).
t Cf. Stejneger, L., & Lucas, F. A., " Contribution to the History of
Pallas's Cormorant (Phalacrocorax jjerspicillafus)," Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus, xii.
pp. 83-94; Shufeldt, ' Science,' ii. pp. 640, 821 ; id. Pr. U. S. Nat.Mus. xi.
pp. 309, 310 ; Jeffries, ' Science, ii. p. 709 ; id. ' Auk,' i. p. 196 (1884) } id.
'Science,' xiii. p. o9 : Shufeldt, t. r, p. 142; Ciill, t. c. p. 404.
PHALACROCOHACID^. 267-
Phalacrocorax urile.
Felecanus urile, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. o7o (1788).
Phalacrocorax urile, Eaird, Brewer, k, llidgw. Water-Birds of
N. America, ii. p. 162 (1884).
The Red-faced Cormorant.
Halt. Prybilof and Aleutian Islands, and the coa;<t of Kamts-
c'hatka.
1255. Skeleton (imperfect). From S. Paul's Island, Alaska (//.
W. Elliot : Sra. no. 12503). 0. C. 1182 c.
Presented hy the Smithsonion Institution.
Phalacrocorax graculus.
Pelecanus graculus, Linuteus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 217 (176()).
Phalacrocorax f/raculus, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 656
(1885).
The Common Shag.
Hab. Europe.
1256. Skeleton. 0. C. 1180 A.
1257. 1257 A. Sacrum and thoracic vertebral segment. 0. C.
1180 b, 1180 c. Purchased.
Phalacrocorax magellanicus.
PelecuiiKs mar/ellanicics, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 576 (1788).
Phalacrocorax magellanicus, Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. At. Neotrop.
p. 124 (1873).
The Chilian Cormorant.
Hah. Chili, Straits of Magellan, and Falkland Islands.
1258. Skull. From the Falkland Islands. 0. C. 1182 d.
Presented hrj E. A. Ilolmstead, Esq.
Phalacrocorax stictocephalus.
Microcarho stictocepJuilns, Bonaparte, Consp. ii. p. 178 (1856).
. Phalacrocorax stictocephalus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 495
(1865).
The Little Black Cormorant.
Ilah. Au:^trali;i.
268 STEGANOPODES.
Phalacrocorax stictocephalus.
1259. Sternum of male, with shoulder-crirdle, wanting left cora-
coid and scapula. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
S. S. 1068. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Phalacrocorax pygmseus.
Pelecanus pygmcens, Pallas, Itia. ii. A pp. p. 712 (1773).
Phalacrocorax jyygmceus. Gates, ed. Hume's Nests & Eggs Iiid. B.
iii. p. 273 (1890).
Microcarho pygmceus, Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skelet. i. Taf. cxiii.
The Little Cormorant,
Bah. South-eastern Europe, Northern Africa, and Southern
Asia as far as Java and Borneo.
1260. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. Nepal. S. S. 1819.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Phalacrocorax, sp.
1261. Skull (subfossil) found in Peruvian Guano-beds. 0. C.
1182 b. Presented by Mrs. George Searson.
Phalacrocorax, sp.
1262. Skull. 0. C. 1183. Hunteman.
Family PLOTID^ *.
Genus PLOTUSt.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 218 (1766).
Plotus novse-hoUandiae.
Plotds novce-hollandio', Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 34 ; id.
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 496 (1865).
The New-Holland Darter.
Hah. Australia and south coast of New Guinea.
1263. Skeleton (ribs defective). O. C. 11 79 a.
Received in excJiange.
1264. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
* Cf. Garrod, P. Z. S. 1876, p. 335; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. 23.
t (^f. Forbes on Plotus melanogaster, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 208.
PELECANI. 269
1265. Sternum of male, witli right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
From Clarence liiver (^E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 10G5.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Plotus anhinga.
Plotus an7ihu/((, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 218 (1766); Baird,
Brewer, and Kidgway, Water-Birds N. Am. ii. p. 166 (1884).
The Amekican Anhinga or Snake-biiid.
Hah. Tropical and Subtropical America.
1266. Skeleton (some cervical vertebrse missing). 0. C 1179 b.
From the Zoological Society.
Suborder IV. PELECANI*.
\_Cf. Sharpe, Eeview, p. 77 f-]
A. Palate desmognatlious.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. Clavicle anchylosed to sternum.
E. Dorsal vertebrae heterocoelous.
F. Plumage of neck continuous : no bare tracts.
G. Hallux united to second digit by a web.
H. Flexor perforans digitoriim not \e'^(\.mgio\\d}\\XK.
Genus PELECANUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 215 (1766).
Pelecanus onocrotalus.
PelecanKS onocrotalus, Linnoeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 215 (1766);
Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 193, pi. 393 (1879).
The Eoseate Pelican.
Ilah. Southern Europe, North Africa, and Asia.
1267. Skeleton. 0. C. 1167. South Collection.
1268. Skull. 0. C. 1168 a. Purchased.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mus. p. 37 (1891).
t Cf. also Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist. Birds, p. 185 ; Seehohm, Classif.
B. p."26; Mivart, Trans. Zool. Soc. x. p. OLo; ShutVldt, Tr. U. S. Nat.
Mus. xi. pp. 310-31O ; Giebel, Zeitschr. ges. Nuturw. ]«i!r), p. i'.";0.
270 STEGANOPODES.
Pelecanus onocrotalus.
1269. Skull (wantinu- right pterygoid). 0. C. 1172.
Hunterian.
1270. Skull (imperfect). O. C. 1173. Hunterian.
1271. Cranium, from India. 0. C. 1169.
Prescmted by Lieut. -Colo7\el Finch.
1272. Mandible; left ramus bisected to show air-cavity. 0. 0.
1174. Hunterian.
1273. Right ramus of mandible. S. S. 772.
Presented hy Dr. Leach.
1274. Trunk, with the middle portion of sternum and anterior
vertebrse missing. 0. C. 1106.
Presented hy Sir Richard Owen, F.R.S.
1275. Sternum, 0. C. 1108 d.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
1276. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 771. Stores.
1277. Right coracoid, right and left humerus, and left meta-
carpus (with the right humerus longitudinally bisected).
0. C. 1175-1177, 1179. Hunterian.
1278. Left coracoid, right metacarpus, and left phalanx of chief
digit (with portions of bones removed to show cellular
structure of iiiterior). 0. C. 1109, 1110, 1111.
Hunterian.
1279. Right humerus. S. S. 773. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
1280. Right radius. S. S. 774. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
1281. Right ulna. S. S. 775. Presented hy Dr. Leach.
1282. Sacrum. S. S. 776 a. Presented hy Dr. Leach,
1283. Right femur. S. S. 776 B. Presented hy Dr. L.each.
Pelecanus conspicillatus.
Pelecanus conspicillatus, Temminck, PI. Col. v. pi. 276 (1824) ;
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 486 (1865).
The Australian Pelican.
FREGATI. 271
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
1284. Sternum, Avith riglit coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 1693. Presented by Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
Suborder V. FREGATI.
[Sharpe, Review, p. 77.]
A. Palate desraognathous.
B. No basiptervgoid processes.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. Clavicle anchvlosed to the sternum.
E. No complete carotid arches on cervical vertebrae.
F. Plumage of neck continuous : no bare tracts.
G. Hallux united to second digit by a web.
H. Flexor j^erforans digitorum not leading to hallux.
I. Tarsus abnormally short, feathered, as also the toes.
Genus FREGATA.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 506 (17(30)
Fregata aquila.
Pelecanus aquila, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 216 (1766).
Fregata aquila, Salvador], Orn. Pap. iii. p. 400 (1882).
The Great Frigate-bird.
Hab. Tropical and Subtropical areas of the Atlantic, Indian,
and Pacific Oceans.
1285. Skeleton. 0. C. 1188 a.
Presented by F. D. Bennett , Esq.
1286. Sternum, with shoiilder-girdle. Jamaica. S. S. 2022.
Gosse Collection.
Fregata minor.
Pelecanus minor, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. ii. p. 572 (1788).
Fregata minor, Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 404 (1882).
The Little Frigate-bird.
Hah. Indian and Pacific Oceans.
1287. Skeleton. 0. ('. 1188 b. Presented hy F. D. Bennett, Esq.
272 HERODIONES.
Suborder VI. ODONTOPTERYGES.
(Fossil.)
[Cy. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds, p. 57 (1891).]
Genus ODONTOPTERYX.
Owen, Journ. Geol. Soc. xxix. p. 511 (1873).
Odontopter3rx toliapica.
Odontopteryx toliapica, Owen, ut supra ; Lydekker, t. c. p. 57.
The Toothed Cormorant (extinct).
Hall. Lower Eocene, Isle of Sheppey.
1287 a. Cast of head. Purchased.
Order II. HERODIONES *.
ICf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 27.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Sj)inal bare tract reaching far up the neck.
D. Mandible not ])roduced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
Suborder I. ARDEM f.
\Cf. Sharpe, Review, p. 75.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. Interclavicle projecting conspicuously within the angle of
the fuKcula.
E. Spinal bare tract reaching far up the neck : no lateral bare
tract.
F. A large jwwder-down patch on each side of the rump.
* " Pelargifornies," Sharpe, Review, p. 7o. Cf. Reichenow, J. f, 0. 1877,
p. 13 ; Ridgway, Bull. Survey Terr. iv. p. 219.
t Cf. Shufeldt, Journ. Comp. Med. 1889, art. 15, pp. 1-2G ; id. t. c. art. 18,
pp. 1-31 ; id. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 38-5. Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 27 ;
Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mus. p. 60 (1891).
ARDEJS. 273
Genus ARDEA.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 391 (1760).
Ardea cinerea.
Ai'dea cinerea, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 236 (1766) ; Seebohra,
Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 408 (1884).
The Common Heron.
Hah. Europe, Asia, and Africa.
1288. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1313.
1289. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1313 b.
1290. Skeleton. 0. C. 1313 a. Stores, 18^8.
1291. Half of skull, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1315 c.
Purchased.
1292. Skull, longitudinally bisected. O. C. 1315. Picrcha-ied.
1293,1294. Skulls. 0. C. 1314, 1314 a. Purchai^ech
1295. Skull. O. C. 1314 c. Purchased.
1295 a. Skull. Purchased.
1296. Sternum, witb shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. Leadenhall Market. S. S. 576.
Presented hi/ Prof. Floioer, F.R.S.
1297. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. O. C. 1313 c.
1298. Half of pelvis. O.C. 1315 b. Purchased.
Ardea purpurea*
Ardea pitrjpurea, Linnajus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 326 (1766); Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 473(1884); Meyer, Abbild. Vogol-Skelet.
i. Taf. Ixxiii. (1890).
The Purple Heron.
Ilab. Europe, Asia, and Africa.
1299. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 840. Purcha-wl.
PART III. X
274 HERODIONES.
Ardea alba.
Ardea alha, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat, i. p, 239 (1766) ; Seebohm, Hist.
Brit. B. ii. p. 477 (1884).
The Great White Hebon.
Hah. Europe and the greater part of Asia.
1300. Skull. 0. C. 1316. Hunterian.
Ardea melanopus.
Ardea melanopus, "Wagler, Isis, 1829, p. G60.
Herodias melanopus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 304 (1865).
The Spotless Egret.
Hah. Australia.
1301. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left cora-
coid and scapula. S. S. 910. From Clarence River,
N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
Presented }>y P. L. Sdater, Esq., F.R.S.
Ardea egretta.
Ardea egretta, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 629 (1788) ; A. 0. U.
Check-1. N. Amer. B. p. 136 (1886).
The American Egret.
Hah. Temperate and Tropical America, and throughout Cen-
tral and Southern America.
1302. Sternum. S. S. 1287.
Presented hy the Smithsoiiian Institution.
1303. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1286. Presented hy the Sniith.^onian Institution.
Ardea plumifera.
Herodias plumiferus, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 221.
Herodias egrettoides, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 303 (1865).
The Plumed Egret.
Hah. Australia.
ARDK.E. 275
1304. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales. 0. C. 1316 c.
Presented hij Dr. E. P. Ramsaij.
Ardea herodias.
Ardea herodias, Linuaaus, !Syst. Nat. i. p. 237 (17G0) ; A. 0. U.
Check-1. N. Amer. B. p. 135 (1886).
The Great Bltje Heron.
Ilah. North America south to the northern parts of South
America, and the West Indies.
1305. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1285.
Prei^ented hjj the SmitJisonian Instltulion.
1306. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus DEMIEGRETTA.
Blyth, J. A. 8, Beug. xv. p. 372 (1840).
Demiegretta sacra.
Ardm sacra, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 641) (1788).
Demiegretta sacra, Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 34-5 (1882).
The Eastern E/Eef-Hbron.
Ilah. Indian and Australian regions.
1307. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From the Solomon
Islands. Presented by P. L. Sclater, E.oj., P./x'.S.
Genus ARDETTA.
Gray, List Gen. JJ. p, 13 (1842).
Ardetta minuta.
Ardea minuta, LiniUDUS, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 240 (1766).
Botaurus minutits, tSeebohin, Hist. Brit. ]5. ii. p. 510 (1884).
The Little Bittern.
Ilah. Central and Southern Europe to Central Asia.
T 2
276 HERODIONES.
Ardetta minuta.
1308. Skeleton. 0. C. 1318 B. ParchaRed.
1309. Skeleton. O.C. 1318 a. Yarrell Collection.
1310. Skull. 0. C. 1318. Purchased.
1311. Sternnm of female, with shoiilJer-girdle. S. S. 1471.
Presented hi/ P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
Ardetta exilis.
Ardea exilk, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. pt. 2, p. 645 (1788).
Botaurus exilis, A. 0. U. Check-1. N. Amer. B. p. 134 (1886).
The Least Bittern.
JIah. Temperate North America to Brazil and the West
Indies.
1312. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. North America. S. S.
1280. Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Ardetta flavicollis.
Ardea Jlavicollis, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 701 (1790).
Butorides flavicollis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 315 (1865).
The Yellow-necked Mangroye-Bittern.
Hah. Australia.
1313. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales. 0. C. 1316 d.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Pant say.
Genus BUBULCUS.
Bp. Consp. Syst. Orn. p. 37 (1854).
Bubulcus bubulcus.
Ardea bubulcus, Audouin, Expl. Somm. Ois. de I'Egypte, i. p. 298,
pi. 8. fig. 1 (1825) ; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 492 (1884).
The Buff-backed Heron.
Hah. Southern Europe and Africa.
AKDE^. 277
1314. Skull. From Egypt. U. C. 1310 e.
Presented hy Prof. Flower, F.R.S.
1315. Steriiuin, with sliouklcr-oirJle. From Nepal. S. S. 1851.
Presented (>i/ />. //. Hodgson, Esq.
Genus BUTORIDES.
Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 2bl (lS4'J).
Butorides virescens.
Ardea virescens, Linnteus, ISyst, Xat. i. p. 238 (1766) ; A. 0. U.
Check-1. N. Amer. B. p. 137 (1886).
The Green Heron.
Hab. North America to the northern partri of South America
and the West Indies.
1316. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1284.
Presented b>/ the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus NYCTICORAX.
Rafinesque, Analyse, p. 71 (1815).
Nycticorax caledonicus.
Ardea caledonica, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 679 (1790).
Nyctkorax caledonicus, Gould, Handb. B. Ausfcr. ii. p. 311 (1865).
The Nankeen Night-Heron.
Hab. Australia.
1317. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
From ('larence River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ranisai/) . S. S.
915. Presented bij P. L. Sclater, Es</., F.Ii.S.
Nycticorax nsevius.
Ardea ncevia, Boddaert, Tabl. PL Enl. p. bij (1783).
Nyctkorax ncvins, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgway, Water-Bu'ds N.
Amer. i. p. 55 (1884).
The Black-crowned Night-Heron.
278 HERODIONES.
Nycticorax nsevius.
llah. ISTorthern und Central America.
1318. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 14G4. Presented hijthe Smithsonian Institution.
Nycticorax, sp,
1319. [Skeleton. 0. C. 131b c. Stores, 1868.
Genus BOTAURUS.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 444 (1760).
Botauras stellaris.
Ardea stellaris, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. 1, p. 239 (1766),
Botaurus stellaris, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 503 (1884).
The Common Bittern.
Hah. Europe and Northern A&iu.
1320. Skeleton, 0. C, 1317. South Collection.
1321. Cranium, 0. C. 1317 b.
1322. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula, S. S. 1830.
Ilunterian.
1323. Sternum, with right scapula and furcula. 0. C. 1317 a.
Botaurus lentiginosus.
Ardea lentiginosa, Montagu, Orn. Diet. Suppl, (1813).
Botaurus lentiginosus (Mont,), Baird, Brewer, & Eidgw. Water-
Birds N, Amer. i. p, 67 (1884) ; A. 0. U.Check-1. N. Amor. B.
p. 134 (1886).
The American Bittern.
Hah. Temperate North America to Central America and the
West Indies.
1324. Sternum. O. C. 1317 c.
Presented l>ji the Smithsonian Institution.
BALiENICIPITIDES. 279
Genus CANCHROMA.
Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 233 (1766).
Canchroma cochlearia.
Canchroma coclilearia, Liimajus, t. c. p. 233 (1766) ; Sclater «&
Salvin, Xomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 126 (1873).
The Boat-bill.
Hah. Central America and Tropical South America.
1325. Skeleton. 0. C. 1311. South Collection.
1326. Skull. 0. C. 1312. From the British JlHseiim.
Suborder II. BALyENlCIPITIDES* .
[Cy. Sharpe, Review, p. 75.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced beyond its articulation with i\w
quadrate.
D. Culmen grooved.
E. Toes without basal membrane.
F. Spinal bare tract reaching far up the neck.
Geuus BAL.SNICEPS.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1851, p. 1, pi. xxxv.
Balaeniceps rex.
Balcmiceps rex; Gould, I. c. ; Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr.
p. 727 (1884).
The Whale-headed Stokk.
Ilah. Africa.
1327. Articulated skeleton. O. ('. 1312 a. Prepared from a
specimen brought by Mr. Petherick from the Upper Nile,
which died in the Zoological Gardens in 1 ^^6 1 . Purchased.
* Cf. Parker, P. Z. S. 1800, p. 324 ; Reinh. t. c. p. 877 ; Bartlett, P. Z. S.
1801, p. 131 ; Parker, Trans. Z. S. iv. pp. 269-351, pis. 64-67 (1802) ; Stej-
neger, Stand. Nat. Hist. Birds, p. 172; Beddard, P. Z. S. 1888, pp. 284-290.
280 HERODIONES.
Suborder III. SCOPl *.
\0f. Sharpe^ Review, p. 75.]
A. Piilate tlesniognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. No interclavicular process within the angle of the furcula.
E. Flexor inrfovan,^ digitorum not leading to hallux.
F. Bare tracts on the neck well defined.
(1. No powder-down patches.
Geuus SCOPUS.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 292 (1760).
Scopus umbretta.
tScopus umbretta, Gmelin, 8yst. Xat. ii. p. 618 (1788) ; Sharpe, ed.
Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 725 (1884) ; Holub & Pelz. Beitr. Orn.
Siidafr. pp. 277-286, cum fig.
The Hammer-head.
IJah. Africa.
1328. Skeleton. 0. C. 1313 a. Purchased.
Suborder IV. CICOJSfllt
\_Cf. Sharpe, Eeview, p. 75.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent.
C. Mandible not produced and recurved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
D. No interclavicular process within the angle of the furcula.
E. Flexor perforans digitorum not leading to hallux.
F. No lateral bare tracts on the neck.
G. No powder-down patches.
* Cf. Seebohni, Classif. B. p. 27 ; Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist, Birds,
p. 170; Beddard, P. Z. S. 1884, pp. 543-oo3.
t Cy". Secbohm, Classif. B. p. 27.
CICONIID^. 281
Family (aCONIID^.
Geuus CICONIA.
Brisson, Oru. v, p. ;ini (1760).
Ciconia ciconia.
Ardea ciconia, Linnseus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 235 (1766).
Ciconia alba, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 525 (1884).
The White Stork.
IlaJi. Europe and Central Asia, wintering in Africa.
1329. Articulated skeleton (atlas and axis wanting). 0. C. 1304.
South Collection.
1330. Skull. 0. C. 1305. Purchased.
1331. Skull of nuile. Germany. Purchased.
Genus LEPTOPTILUS.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 583 (1831).
Leptoptilus dubius.
Ardea duhia, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 024(1788).
Leptoptilus anjala (Lath.), Gates, ed. Hume's Nests & Eggs Ind.
B. iii. p. 261 (1890).
The Indian Adjutant.
JIah. India and the Burmese countries.
1332. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1306.
Presented by Vr. Henderson.
1332 A. Skeleton. 0. C. 1309 A. Stores.
1333. Skull. 0. C. 1307.
Presented hxj Sir Everard Home, F.R.S.
1334. Skull. O. C. 1308 a. Purchased.
1335. Skull. 0. C. 1308 b.
Presented hy Sir Everard Home, F.P.S.
1336. Sternum, wanting left coracoid and scapula. S. S. 717.
282
HERODIONES.
Leptoptilus dubius.
1337. Sternum of female, with shoukler-girdle. 0. C. 1308 C.
Presented hy Dr. John Anderson, F.R.S.
1338. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
1339. Right and left metacarpals. 0. C. 1308. Hunterian.
1340. Sacrum and pelvis, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1306 a.
1341. Femur, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1307 a.
1342. Right and left tibia and fibula. 0. C. 1307 b. (The right
one mounted in separate series.)
1343. Right and left humerus, coracoid, and metatarsus, the left
humerus and coracoid longitudinally bisected. 0. C
1107, 1108, 1108 a, 1108 b. Hunterian.
1344. Various bones. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Leptoptilus crumeniferus.
Ciconia crumenifira, Cuvier, Mus. Paris.
Leptoptilus crumeidfera, Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 734
(1884).
The African Adjutant or Marabou.
Hah. Africa.
1345. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1309. Purchased.
Genus MYCTERIA.
Liuna3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 232 (1700).
Mycteria australis.
Mycteria australis, Latham, Ind. Orn. Suppl, p. Ixiv (1801).
Xenorhynclius australis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 293 (I860).
The Australian Jabiru.
PLATALE^. 283
Hah. Australia and south coast of New Guinea.
1346. Mandibles, with horny sheath. 0. 0. 1310 a.
1347. iSternum, with right coracoid and scapula. Clarence
River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Eamscuj). S. S. 1070.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Mycteria senegalensis.
Myctena senegalensin, Shaw, Trans. Liun. Soc. v. p. 32 (1800) ;
Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 731 (1884).
The African Jabiru.
Hab. Africa.
1348. Skull, with hyoid arch. 0. 0. 1309 B.
From the ZooUnjical Society.
1349. Skull. 0. C. 1310 B. Stores, liHid.
Suborder V. PLATALEJE*.
[C/. Sharpe, Review, p. 75.]
A. Pahite desmognathous.
B. Basipter\-goid processes absent.
C. Nasals schizorhinal.
D. Posterior angle of mandible recurved.
E. Occipital foramina present.
F. Edge of cranium above orbits truncate, indicating the position
of the nasal glands.
G. Sternum with four posterior notches.
H. Spinal feather-tract not defined on the back.
* Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 28; Stejneger, Staud. Nat. Hist. Birds,
p. 158.
284 HEEODIOKES.
Family PLATALEIDiE.
Genus PLATALEA.
Liunteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 231 (1766).
Platalea leucorodia.
Platalea leucorodia, Linnaeus, t. c. ; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. i,
p. 514 (1 884).
The Spoonbill.
Hab. Locally distributed throughout Central and Southern
Europe and Northern Asia.
1350. Skeleton. 0. C. 1301. South Collection.
1350 a. Skeleton. 0. C. 1302. Purchased.
1351. Skeleton. 0. C. 1302 a. Hunterian.
1362. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 841.
Purchased.
1353. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1301 a.
Hunterian,
1354. Sternum. Stores.
Platalea regia.
Platalea regia, Gould, Proc. Zool, Soc. 1837, p. 106 ; id. Handb.
B. Austr. ii. p. 287 (1865).
The Royal Spoonbill.
Hah. Australia.
1355. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1302 c.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
1356. Sternum of female, with right coracoid and scapula. From
(.'larence River, N. S. AYales {E. P. Pamsay) . S. S. 914.
Presented hy P. L. Sdaicr, Esq., F.R.S.
TANTALll)^. 285
Platalea flavipes.
PlataJea flavipes, Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1837, p. 100.
Platihis flavijies, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 288 (1865).
The Yellow-legged Spoonbill.
Hah. Eastern and Southern Australia.
1357. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1302 b.
From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Pamsaij.
Family TANTALID^.
Genus TANTALUS.
Linnceus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 240 (1766).
TantaluS) sp.
1358. Skull. 0. 0. 1303 a. Stores, 1868.
Genus PSEUDOTANTALUS.
Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Xat. Mus. v. p. 550 (1882).
Pseudotantalus ibis.
Tantalus ibis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 241 (1766); Heuglin, Orn.
Xordost-Afr. iii. p. 1129 (1870).
The African Wood-Ibis.
Hah. Africa.
1359. Skull. 0. V. 1303 Purchased,
280 HERODIONES.
Family IBIDID^.
Genus GERONTICUS.
Wagler, Tsis, 1832, p. 1232.
Geronticus, sp.
1360. Skeleton (described as J)fii,men.ius arcuatus, Cat. p. 242).
0. C. 1293. South Collection.
1361. Skull. 0. C. Io03 D. ' Stores, 1868.
Genus CARPHIBIS.
Reichenbach, Natiirl. Syst. Vog. p. xiv (18.52).
Carphibis spinicoUis.
Ibis spmicollis, Jameson, Ediab. New Phil. Journ. xxxvii. p. 213.
Carphibis sjjinicollis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 282 (1865).
The Straw-necked Ibis.
Ifah. Australia and South Coast of New Guinea.
1368. Skull. New South Wales. O.C. 1303 c. [Longitudinally
bisected ; one half exhibited in Separate Series.]
Presented hi/ Dr. E. P. Pamsay.
1363. Sternum of female, with right coracoid and scapula.
Clarence River {E. P. Pamsay). S. S. 909.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus IBIS.
Lacepede, Mem. I'lnst. iii. p. .518 (1801).
Ibis strictipennis.
ibis strictipennis, Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 106.
Thresl-iornis strictipennis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. ji. 284
(1865).
The Australian Sacred Ibis.
II<xh. Australia.
LAMELLIROSTRES. 287
1364. Sternnm of male, with rioht coracoid, scapula, and fnrcnla.
C^larcnce River [E. P. Bnmsaif). S. S, 1G<;)8.
Presented h;i P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
Genus GUARA.
Eeichenbach, Sj'st. Av. 1852, p. xiv.
Guara rubra.
Tantalus ruber, LinnD3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 241 (1766).
Guara rubra, A. 0. U. Check-1. N. Araer. B. p. 132 (1886).
The Scarlet Ibis.
Hub. Northern shores of South America, extending to Cen-
tral America and the West Indies.
1365. Mandibles, with horny sheath. 0. G. 1295.
From the British Museum.
Genus FALCINELLUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 47 (1816).
Falcinellus falcinellus.
Tantalus fahinellus, Linnasus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 241 (1766).
Falcinellus ic/neiis, Gould, Handb, B. Austr. ii. p. 286 (1865).
The Glossy Ibis.
Hab. Australia.
1366. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
Port Denison, Queensland (^F. P.Pamsai/). S. S. 1687.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Order III. LAMELLIROSTEES.
[C/. Scebohm, Classif. B. p. 20.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Young, when hatched, covered with down, and able to run
in a few hours.
288 LAMELLIROSTRES.
Suborder I. PHCENICOPTERL
iCf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 21 ; Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist,
p. 153 ; Sharpe, Review, p. 76.]
A. Palate desmognatlious.
B. Basipterygoid processes absent or very rudimentary.
C. Nasals holorhinal.
D. Mandible much produced and recurved behind its articula-
tion with the quadrate.
E. Lachrymal nasal region elongated. Frontalia narrow, not
covering the orbits above.
F. Grrooves for orbital glands present.
G. Cseca well developed.
H. Bill with lamellae, like a Duck.
Family PHCENICOPTERID^..
Genus PHCENICOPTERUS *.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 532 (1760).
Phoenicopterus roseus.
Phoenicopterus roseus, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-As. ii. p. 201 (1811);
Dresser, B. Ear. vi. p. 343. pi. 410 (1879).
The Common Elamingo.
Hah. Southern Europe, the entire Continent of Africa down
to Cape Colony, and Asia as far east as India.
1367. Skeleton. 0. C. 1278 a. [Many of the bones exhibited
in the Separate Series.] Presented hy Lord Lilford.
1368. Skull. O.C. 1278 b. Purchased.
1369. Cranium of specimen 1367. S. S. 2187.
Presented by Lord Lilford.
1370. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 994.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* Cf. Eyton, Ostpol. Av. pi. 4 Z- (skeleton of P. ruber), pi. 29. fig. 2.
AysKRANAl'Ili-E. 289
Phoenicopterus ruber *.
Phoenicopterus ruber, Linnceus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 230 (17^(1) ; I»;iinl,
Brewer, & Ridgw. Water-B. X. Amer. i. p. 415 (188-t).
The American "Flamingo.
Hah. Atlantic coasts of Tropical and Subtropical America,
from Florida Keys to Northern South America and the Bermudas.
1371. Articulated skeleton. O. C. 1278. Purchased.
1372. Skull. 0. C. 1279. Iluntenan.
Suborder 11. AXSERES\.
[Seebohm, Classif. B. p. .31 ; Sliarpe, Review, p. 7().]
A. Palate desmocrnathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes on the rostrum of the basisphenoid
articulating with the pterygoids as near the palatines as
possible.
C. Maxillo-palatines completely coalesced across the middle
line.
D. Mandible produced and r.'curved behind its articulation
with the quadrate.
E. Sternum with only one shallow notch on the posterior
margin.
Family AXSERAXATID.E.
Genus ANSERANAS.
Lesson, Man. d'Orn. ii. p. 418 (1^^28).
Anseranas melanoleucus.
Anaa melanoleuca, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. Ixix (1801).
Anseranas mdanoJeucus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. ]>. 352
(i860).
The Semipalmatisd Goose.
Ilal). Australia.
* Cf. Shufeldt, Science, 1889, pp. 224, 225.
t Cf. Eyton, * Monogi-aph of the Anatidte,' 1838; Ilolubandvon Pelzelii,
Orn. tSiidafr. pp. 314-331, cum fig. (skulls of various Ducks and Geese) ;
Shufeldt, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xi. p. 215.
TAirr HI. u
200 LAMELLIROSTRKS.
Anseranas melanoleucus.
1373. ►Sternum of male, with right coracoiJ and scapula. From
Clarence River, New South Wales {E. P. liamsaij).
S. S. 1071. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.li.S.
Family PLECTROPTERID^.
Genus PLECTROPTERUS.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. G (1824).
Plectropterus gambensis.
Anas gamhensis, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 195 (1766).
Plectropterus gamhensis, Finsch & Hartl. Yog. Ost-Afrika, p. 802
(1S70) ; Holub & Pelz. Beitr. Oru. Siidafr. pp. 310-321, cum
fig.
The Spur-wixged Goose.
Hal). Africa.
1374. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2163.
From the Zoological Socief/j.
Family ANATID^E.
Subfamily C E R E o P s i x ^.
Genus CNEMIORNIS *. ;
Owen, Trans. Zool. 8oc. v. p. 396 (18(J5).
Cnrmtornt^ calfitrau^.
Cnemiorms calcitrans, Owen, ut sujrrd ; Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B.
Brit. Mus, p. 99 (1S91).
The New-Zealand Goose (extinct).
Ilab. New Zealand.
1375. Cast of leg-hones.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fos.*il B. Rrit. ^Mus. p. 90 (1801).
AXATID.E. 21»l
Genus CERE0PSI3.
Latham, Iiul. Orn., Suppl. p. Ixvii (ISOl).
Cereopsis novse-hollandiae.
Cereopsis noim-hoUandire, Latham, lud. Orn., Suppl. p. Ixvi
(1801) ; Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 350 (18G5).
The Cereopsis Goose.
IlaJ). Tasmania, Victoria, and Soutli Australia.
1376. Skeleton. 0. C. 12t;2. Gould Collerthnu
1377. Articulated skeleton. Pin-cliaseil.
1378. Sternum of female, with rio'lit coracoid, scapula, and furcula
{f^J. P. Ramsa>j). S. S. 911.
Presented hij P. />. Sclatcr, Esq., F.R.S.
1379. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle, of female.
From llw Zoological Sorictij.
Suhfamily A N s K R i x .e.
Genus ANSER.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 201 (17C()).
Anser segetum.
Anas segetum, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 512 (1788).
Anser segetum, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 30)5, pi. 412 (1879).
The Bean-Goose.
JIah. Europe and Asia, mi^ratiii;j; r-outh in winter.
1380. Sternum of male. From the Zoological Society.
Anser cinereus *.
A)iser cinereus, Meyer, Tasclienb. deutsch. Vogclk. ii, p. 552
(1810); Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 355, pi. 411 (1878).
The Grey-lag Goose.
* (/. A. B. Meyer, .\hhikl. \'o;.rel-Skel. pi. oxvii. (skeleton).
u 2
292 LAMKLLIROSTRES.
Anser cinereus.
Hah. Throughout the Palfearctic Reoion, ranging south in
\Yinter to North Africa and India.
1381. Sterniun of male. From the Zoological Society.
1382. Sternum of female, with right coracoid and scapula.
S. S. 868. Purchased.
Anser, sp.
1383. Skeleton. O. C. 12<>0a. Ilunfer/'an.
Anser domesticus.
1384. Skull. Purchased.
1385. Skull. From Germany. Purchased.
1386. Skull of young, disarticulated. 0. C. 1260 b. Purchased.
1387. Vertebral column and pelvis. 0. C. 1260 c. Purchased.
1388. Hyoidean arch.
Anser cygnoides *.
Anas ojgnoides, Liauteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 194 (1766),
Anser ci/rfnoides, David & Oustalet, Ois. Chine, p. -493 (1877).
The Chinese Goose.
Hah. Eastern Siberia, China, Japan, and the Kurile Islands.
1389. Skeleton of male, from Shanghai. 0. C. 1261 A.
Presented hy Consul Simithoe, F.P.S.
1390. Sternum of female, \vi th right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 2049. Prom the Zoological Society.
Gtnus BERNICLA.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. ,300 (1760).
Bernicla, sp.
1391. Skeleton. 0. C. 1260d. Stores.
* Q' T'jton, ^tdiiogr. Anat. pi. td p. IC) (skelptoii).
ANATID^-. 2\)o
1392. Steriuiiii. O. C. 12(50 E. Stores.
1393. Pelvis. 0. C. 12(;0 F. Stores.
Bernicla antarctica.
Alias aniarctka, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. o')5 (1788).
Jicrnicla (intarctica, Scl. & Salv. Nomeucl. Av. Neotrop. p. 128
(1873).
The Antarctic Brent-Goose.
Hah. Patagonia and the Falkland Islands.
1394. Skeleton. 0. C.1260g. From the Falkland Islands.
F resented hy E. A. Ilolmsted, Esq.
Bernicla sandwichensis.
Bernicla sandvicensis, A'igors, Proc. Zool. Hoc. 1834, p. 43.
Cloephaga sandtvichensis, Eyton, Monogr. Anat. p. 81 (1838).
The Sandwich-Island Goose.
Hah. Sandwich Islands.
1395. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2514.
Purcliased.
Genus CHLOEPHAGA*.
Eyton, Monogr. Anat. pp. 13, 81 (1838).
Chloephaga magellanica.
Anas mwjtllaniat, Umt'lin, Syst. Xat. ii. p. o^Jh (1788).
CJtloephaga maydlanica, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Nootr.
p. 128 (1873).
The Magellanic Goose.
llab. (Jhili, Patagonia, and the Falkland islands.
1396. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2;j15. J'nrcJiased.
* Cf. Shufeldt, Pi-oc. U..S. Nat. Mas. 1687, p. 080 (iig. -jf skull).
294 LAMELLIROSTRES.
Genus CHENALOPEX.
Dumont, Diet. Sci. Nat. viii, p. 393 (1S17).
Chenalopex aegyptiaca *.
Anas cegyptiaca, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 107 (1766).
Chenalopece cegyptiacus, Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 279 (1872).
The Egyptian Goose.
Ilab. Egypt and Nubia.
1397. Skeleton. 0. C. 12GI. Brookes Collection.
Subfamily C Y G N I X M.
Ueuus CYGNUS.
Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. Th. ii. p. -104 (1803).
Cygnus musicus f.
Cyr/nus musicus, Bechstein, Gemeiun. Naturg. Deutschl. iii.
^p. 830 (1809); Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 441, pi. 419. fig. 4,
head (1880).
The Whooper S\van.
]/ab. Europe and Asia.
1398. Articulated skeleton, v/itli trachea in si fit. 0. C. 1241.
JJj'ookes Collection.
1399. Articulated skeleton (without trachea). 0. C. 1242.
South Collection.
1400. Skull. 0. C. 1243. Ilunterian.
1401. Skull. 0. C 1242 a.
1402. Bones of the trunk of a " Wild Swan " (rioht side of sternum
removed to show the convoluted trachea). Ilunterian.
* Cf. Eyton, Monogr. Anat. pi. to p. 22 (skeleton),
t Cf. Eyton, ibid. pi. to p. 18 (skeleton).
AN'ATIlt.K. 21)5
1403. ^^t(n-nnin, with right coracoitl, scaj)ul;i, and i'liivula. S. S.
2021. Stores.
1404. Stcnmin, with sliouldcr-girdle ami tracliea. 0. 0. 12-18.
1405. Sternum and shoulder-girdle, with traclu^i. 0. C. 1247.
Brookea Collection .
1406. Sternum. 0.0.1248 a.
Cygnus olor.
Anas olor, Gmclin, 8yst. Nat. ii. p. 5ul (ITSiS).
Cijijwis olor, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 410, pi. 418 (1880).
The Mute Swan.
Hub. Europe and Asia.
1407. Skeleton. O.C. 1251b. Prfsenfed h>j Mr. G. Searson.
1408. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1250. Ihu,ter'um.
1409. Skull, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1244. Ilunterian.
1410. Skull. 0. C. 1245. Purchased.
1411. Skull. 0. C. 1252. Ilunterian.
1412. Skull. 0. C. 125H. Ilunterian.
1413. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
1414. Left clavicle and part of loft ulna. (Sul)fossil.)
1415. Pelvis of female. 0. (A 1245 A.
1416. Left tarso-metatarsus, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1259,
Ilunterian.
Cygnus bewickii.
Ci/rpms hewiclii, Yarrell, Trans. Linn. Soc. xvi. p. 445 (1S33) ;
Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 433, pi. 410. tig. 3, head (1880).
Bewick's Sw^\n.
I/ah. Northern Euroi)e and Asia to Ja[)an.
1417. Sternum and shoulder-girdle, with trachea. O.C. 1249.
Presented /"/ /fr. Leach.
296 LAMELLIROSTKES,
Cygnus bewickii.
1418. ►sternum, with coracoids and furcula, a?; well as entire
trachea. 0. C. 1249 c.
1419,1420. Sterna, with part of trachea. 0. (J. 1249 a, 1249 b-
(The keel removed, so as to show the convolution ot
trachea.)
1421. Sternum, with lower part of keel removed to show trachea.
0. C 1112. Ilunteiiaa.
1422. Sternum.
Cygnus buccinator *.
Cygnus buccmator, llichardson, Faun. Bor.-Amcr. ii. p. 4(54 (lb31).
Olor buccmator, Baird, Brewer, & Kidgway, Water-Birds N. Amer.
i. p. 430 (1884).
The Trumpeter Swan.
Jlah. Chiefly the interior of North America : accidental in
England.
1423. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and trachea in situ. 0. C.
1248 B. From t/ie Zoolooical Societi/.
1424. Sternum (Sni. no. 6404).
Presented Inj tlie Smitlisonian histitatioii.
Cygnus atratus.
Anas atrata, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. S34 (1790).
Chenopis atrata, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 340 (1865).
The Black Swan.
llah. Australia and Tasmania.
1425. Articulated skeleton, mounted. 0. C. 125.). Parchaifed.
1426. Articulated skeleton, mounted. O. C. 125(5.
Pruuhxa Colled loii.
1427. Skeleton. 0. C. 1258 a. Stores.
1427 a. Skeleton (imperfect). O.C. 1251a. Stores.
* For sternum, rf. Murie, P. Z. tS. ISO", p. 12.
AN'ATlD.t:. 297
1428. Stcrnnni and shoulder-ojinlle. 0. C. 1258.
Freseiitcd by Sir Everavd Home., Bart., F.R.S.
1429. Skull. 0. C. 1257. Purchased.
Genus DENDROCYGNA.
Swainson, C'lassif. B. ii. p. 305 (1837).
Dendrocygna eytoni.
Leptotarsh f/ytoni, Gould, in Eyton's Mon. Anat. p. Ill (1838).
Dendrocijfjna eytoni, Gould, Handb. B. Auetr. ii. p. 375 (1865).
Eyton's Tree-Duck.
Hah. Xearly the whole of Austnilia.
1430. Sternum of nuile, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoohxjical Society.
Dendrocygna fulva.
Anasftdva, Gmclin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 530 (1788).
Dendrocygna fulva, Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Water-Birds N.
Amer. i. p. 484 (1884).
The Fulvous-bellied Tree-Duck.
Hah. Southern borders of the United States, Central and
South America.
1431. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, of male.
From the Zoological Society.
Dendrocygna javanica.
Anasjavanicn, Horsfield, Trans. Linn. Soe. xiii. p. 199 (1822).
Dendroajgna javanica, Gates, B. Brit. Burni. ii. p. 273 (1883).
The Lesser Whistling Teal.
Hah. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, the Indo-Chinese countries,
the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.
1432. Matural skeleton of fcmah^ : mounted.
Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
1433. Skull of male. Presented by Mr. J. Abrahams.
298 LAMELLIROSTKES.
Dendrocygna arborea.
Anas arhorea, Linnaius, Syst. Xat. i. p. 207 (1766).
Bcndrociiyna arborea, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av, Neotr.
p. 129^1873) ; Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 260 (1889).
The Whistling Tree-Duck.
Ilah. Antilles.
1434. Sternum, with right coracoiJ, scapula, and furcula. From
Jamaica. S. S. 2023. Gosse Collection.
Genus CAIRINA.
Fleming, Phil. Zool. ii. p. 260 (1S22).
Cairina moschata.
Anas moschata, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 199 (1766).
Cairina moschata, Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Iv'eotr. p. 129
(1873).
The Muscovy Duck.
Hah. South America.
1435. Skeleton. O.T. 1265 a. JIunferlan.
Genus TADORNA.
Fleming, Phil. Zool. ii. p. 260 (1822).
Tadorna tadornoides.
Anas tadornoides, Jardine & Selby, 111. Orn. ii. pi. 62 (c. 1830).
Casarca tadornoides, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 361 (1865).
The Chestnut-coloured Sheldrake.
Ilah. New South Wales, Southern and Western Australia,
and Tasmania.
1436. Sternum of young male, with right coracoid, scapula, and
furcula. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P.
liamsaij). S. S. 1602.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
ANATID.E. 299
Tadorna cornuta *.
Anas cornuta, S. G. (jlmtlin, Kcise d. llussl. ii. p. iSo. pi. 18
(1774).
Tadorna cornuta, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 451, pi. 420 (1878).
The Common Sheldrake.
Hah. Temperate and Southern jtortions of Enrope and
Northern Asia.
1437. Skeleton. 0. C. 12G5 B. Ilnnfenan.
1438. Sternum^ with right coracoid, scapulaj and t'urcuhi. S. S.
843. Fmrhai^ed.
Geuns ANAS,
Liunajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 1!)4 (1706).
Anas boscas t.
Anas boscas, Liuus&us, .Syst. Xat. i. p. 205 (170(5) ; Dresser, B.
Eur. vi. p. 469, pi. 422 (1873).
The Mallard.
Ilab. Euro}>e and North America.
1439. Skeleton. 0. C. 1263. Stndh Collection.
1440. Articulated skeleton of female.
Presented l>i/ Mr. J. Alnxdiarns,
a. Anas domcstica.
1441. Skull of Domestic Duck. 0. C. 1263 e.
deceived in excJuunje.
1442. Cranium. 0. C. 1270. Presented Inj Dr. Leach.
1443. 1444. Hyoidean arches. O. (\ 1271 b, 0. C. 1271 c.
1445. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
84G. Pxirchased.
1446. Skull, sternum, i>elvis, and hones of the right wing of a
nestling. 0. C. 1263 f. Purchased.
* C'f. Eyton, Monogr. Anat. pi. to p. 25 (skeleton).
t Cf. Eyton, ibid. pi. to p. 45 (skeleton); A. B. Meyer, .Abbild. Vogel-
Skelet. i. pi. cxv. (skeleton).
300 LAMELLIEOSTRES.
Anas boscas.
1447. Bones ol" a iiuvvly htitcheJ iiestliiio;. O. C 1263 d.
fnrcJiased.
1448. Bones of trunk of '' Rouen Duck,"c? (weight 7 lb. 3oz.).
Bred by Mr. C'rowburst of Canterbury. 0. C. 1263 C.
Presented hij Sir Joseph Fayrer.
Anas obscura.
Anas ohscurd, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. ii. p. 541 (1788) ; Baird, Brewer,
& Ridgway, Watcr-Birds X. Amer. i. p. 499 (1884).
The Black Mallard or Dusky Duck.
Hab. Eastern North America, west to Utah and Texas, north
to Labrador.
1449. Sternnni, with shoulder-girdle, of female.
From the Zoological Society/.
Genus QUERQUEDULA.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. 142 (1824).
Querquedula crecca*.
Anas crecca, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 204 (1766).
Querquedula crecca, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 507, pi. 426 (1871).
The Common Teal.
IJah. Europe and Northern Asia.
1450. Skeleton (toes defective). 0. C. 1263 b.
Yarrell Collection.
1451. Sknll. O.C. 1270 b. Received in exchange.
1452. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
2025. Stores.
1453. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal (no. 618).
Presented by B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
* Cf. Eyton, Monogr. Auat. pi. to p. 37 (.■•keletun) ; A. B. Meyer, Abbild.
Vogel-Skelet. i. pi. txiv.
ANATID.E. 301
Querquedula falcata.
Anas fed cata, Georgi, Reis. lluss. Reich, p. 167 '(1775).
Querquedula falcata. Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 525, pi. 429 (1S71).
The Ealcated Teal.
TIah. Eastern Siberia and Ja[)an, migrating" southward in
winter to ( 'hina.
1454. Skeleton. From Shanghai. 0. C. 1271 k.
Presenf&d hij Consul 7?. Sw'nihoc^ F.Ti.S.
Querquedula carolinensis.
Anas carolinensis, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. ii. p. 533 (1788).
Nettion carolinensis, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgway, Water-Birds N.
Amer. ii. p. 2 (1884).
The American Green-winged Teal.
Hah. Xorth America in general, migrating south as far as
Honduras and Cuba.
1455. Sternum of female. S. S. 1291,
Presented hi/ the Sinitlisonian Institution.
Genus CHAULELASMUS.
Bonaparte, Comp. List B. Eur. & X. Amer. p. 56(1838).
Chaulelasmus streperus.
A7ias strepera, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 200 (1766).
Chaulelasmus streperus, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 487, pi. 424 (1873).
The Gadwall.
Ilidi. Europe, Northern Asia, and North America.
1456. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
847. Purchased.
1457. Sternum, -with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented loj 7?. 11. IIod<json, Esq.
302 LAMELLIROSTRKS.
Genus DAFILA.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. 12fi (1824).
Dafila acuta.
Alias acuta. Linnaeus, Sj-st. Xat. i. p. 202 (1700).
Dnjlla acuta, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 531, pis. 43o, 431 (1S73).
The Pintail Duck.
Hah. Palajarctic, Nearctic, and Indian Regions.
1458. Skull of male. From Germany. Purchased.
1459. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and lurcula. S. S.
851. Pnrcliased.
Dafila bahamensis *.
Anas hahanunsis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 19i) (1700).
Dafila bahamensis, Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 2(!3 (188!)).
The Bahama Pintail Duck.
/Ial>. Bahamas and Antilles.
1460. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2157.
Prom the Zoologicdl Socii'ti/.
Genus MARECA.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. 130 (170(;).
Mareca penelope.
Anas penelojje, Linntcus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 202 (1700).
Mareca penelope, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 541, pi. 433 (1870).
The Common Wigeon.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia ; North America.
1461. Skeleton. Presented hy A. M. Pater son, Es(j.
1462. Skulk O.C. 1270 a. Received in e.rduuKje.
* Cf. A. li. Meyer, Ab))i]d. Vogel-Skelet. i. pi. cxvi. (s^keletou).
anatid.t:.
303
1463. Skull. 0. C. 1271 a. Received In crelainge.
146i. Sternum, with v\g\\\ coracoid, scapula, and f'urcula. S. S.
^;"')(), J'inr/iaf<etl.
Mareca americana.
Alias americana, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 520 (1788).
Mareca americana, Baird, Brewer, & llidgway, Water-Birds X.
Amer. i p. 520 (1884).
The American Wigeon.
Hah. North America, south to Guatemala ami Cuba. Acci-
dental in Europe.
1465. Sternum. Presented hy the Sm/thsoniaii I nst/hition.
Genus SPATULA.
Boie, Isis, 1 822, p. 504.
Spatula clypeata.
Anas clypeata, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 200 (1700).
Spatula chjpeata. Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 497, pi. 425 (1873).
The Common Shoveller.
Hah. Europe and Asia, as well as North America.
1466. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. H. Hodgson, Es</.
1467. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
852. Purchased.
Spatula rhynchotis.
Anas rJiyncJiotis, Latham, liid. Orn,, Suppl. p. Ixx (1801).
Spahda rhynchotis, Gould, Haudb. li. Austr. ii. p. 308 (1805).
The Australian Shoveller.
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
1468. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapnla, and fur-
cula. From Clarence liiver, N. S. Wales ( A\ P. Ramsay).
S. S. ill 3. Presented hy P. L. Selatcr, Es</., F.R.S.
30-i LAMELLIROSTRKS.
Genus MALACORHYNCHUS.
Ssvainson, Jonrn. Hoy. Inst. no. 4, p. 18 (1831).
Malacorhynchus membranaceus.
Anas membranacea, Latham, Ind. Orn., Buppl. p. Ixix (1801).
Malacorhyncliits membranaceus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii.p. .372
(186.5)!
The Pink-eyed Duck.
Uab. Australia and Tasmania.
1469. Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and fur-
cula. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales (E. P. Ramm//).
S. S. 912. Presented Inj P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus AIX.
Boie, Isis, 1828, p. 329.
Aix galericulata.
Anas galericulata, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 200 (ITfiG).
Aix galerlcutata, David & Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 501 (1877).
The Mandarin Duck.
Hah. Central and Southern ( *hina, niig-ratino- to Amoorland
in summer.
1470. Skeleton. 0. C. 1271 D. From ihr Zoolof/ical Gardens.
1471. Sternum of female, with right coracoid, scapula, and
furcula. S. S. 1009. Purchased.
Aix sponsa.
Anas sponsa, Linnttus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 207 (17GG).
Ai.v sponsa, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgway, AVater-Birds N. Araer.
ii.p. 11(1884).
The Wood-Duck.
Hah. The whole of Temperate North Ameiica.
1472. Stermnn of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 20;)8. Stores.
ANATir>.?;. ^'*^
Genus FULIX.
Suiidcvall. K. Vet. Akad. F.irhandl. Storkliolm, ISi'.G, \). 12!>.
Fnlix cristata.
Anas cristata. Leach, Syst. Cat. :M. .^ P.. Brit. Mus. p. ;^.n (1810).
' Fulifjnla cristata. Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 57.3, pi. 437 (I87i>).
The Tufted Duck.
Hah. Europe and Nortlioni Asia, migrating southwards in
winter.
1473. Sternum. From Nepal. Pr^^sriif^rJ h>/ B. IL rhula-'^nn, Es>/.
1474. Sternum, Avith slioulder-^^irdle. 0. C. 12G8 B.
Fulix marila.
Anas marila, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 196 (1766).
Fulic marila, Baird, Brewer, & Bld-w. Water-Birds X. Amer. ii.
p. 18 (1884).
The Scaup Duck.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia. North America.
1475. Skull of male. 0. C. 12G8 C. Eeceived in e.rehanf/r.
1476. Sternum of female, with right coracoid, scapula, and fui--
cula. S. S. 849. J'urchiM'd.
Fulix afl&nis.
FuVajula ajjinis, Eytou, Mon. Anat. p. l')7 (1838).
Fidix affinis, Baird, Brewer, & Eidgw. Water-Birds N. Amer. n.
p. 22 (1884).
The Lesser Scaup Duck.
Hah. The whole of North America, south to Guatemala and
the West Indies.
1477. Sternimi of male. S. S. 1274.
Pveseiilcd hi/ the Smithsonian Tnylll'ifion.
PAUT 111. . ■^
300 LAMELLIKOSTEES.
Fulix collaris.
Anas collaris, Donovan, Brit. B. vi. pi. 147 (1809).
Fulix collaris, Baird, Brewer, & Eidgw. Water-Birds N. Amer. ii.
p. 25 (1884).
The Ring-necked Scaup-Duck.
Hah. North and Central America.
1478. Sternum. Presented hy the Smithson/'an Institution.
Genus NYROCA.
Fleming, Phil. Zool. ii. p. 2(50 (1822).
Nyroca ferruginea *.
Anas ferrnfjinca , Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 528 (1788).
Nyroca ferruginea. Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 581, pi. 438(1872).
The White-eyed Duck.
Hah. Europe and Asia.
1479. Skull of female. From Prussia. Purchased.
Nyroca australis.
Kyroca australis, Gould, MS.; Eyton, Monogr. Anat. p. 160
(1838) ; Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 377 (1805).
The Australian White-eyed Duck.
Hah. Australia and Tasmania.
1480. Skeleton. 0. C. 1266. Gould Collection.
Genus ^THYIA.
Aythya, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 5G4.
.Sthyia ferina.
Anas ferina, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 203 (1706).
Fuligula ferina, Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 551, pi. 454 (1878).
The Common Pochard.
* Cf. Eyton, Monogv. Anat. pi. to p. 03.
ANATID.'E. 307
Hah. Euro])o ami Xcjrtlicni Asia.
1481, 1482. Skulls of male and female. From Prussia.
Pm'cluised.
1483. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
848. Purchased.
Genus HARELDA.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. 174 (1S24).
Harelda glaclalis *,
Anas r/lacuilis, Linnseus, 8yst. Xat. i. p. 203 (1760).
Harelda r/lacialis, Dresser, B. Eur. vi, p. 617, pi. 444 (lS7o).
The Long-tailed Duck.
ITab. Northern Europe, Asia, and America.
1484. Skull of male. From Prussia. Purchased.
1485. Sternum. 8. S. 1273.
Presented hi/ the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus SOMATERIA.
Leach in Thorns. Ann. ot" Philosophy, xiii. p. 61 (1819).
Somateria mollissima.
Anas mollissima, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. IDS (1706).
Somateria mollissima, Dresser, E. Eur. vi. p. 629, pl. 445 (1871).
The Eider Duck.
IlaJ). Xorth-western Europe.
1486. Dried head of young. 0. C. 12G7. Hunterian.
* Cf. Eyton, Monogr. Anat. pl. to p. 0."i (skeleton).
x2
308 LAMELLIROSTKES.
Genus PELIONETTA.
Xaup, Entw. Europ. Thierw. p. 107 (1829).
Pelionetta perspicillata.
Anas perspiciUata, Liiinajus, S^st. jN^at. i. p. 201 (17G6).
Pelionetta perspicillata, Baird, Brewer, & llidgw. Water-Birds N.
Amer. ii. p. 98 (1884).
The Surf-Scoter.
Ilah. North America.
1487. Steruum. S. S. 1288.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus CEDEMIA.
Eleming, Bhil. Zool. ii. p. 200 (1822).
CSdemia fusca.
Anas fusca, Linnteus, Sj-st. Nat. i. p. 196 (1766).
(Edemia fnsca. Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 657, pi. 448 (1877).
The Velvet Scoter.
Hah. Europe.
1488. Skull (wanting pterygoids and quadrates). 0. C. 1208.
Presented hy Dr. Leach,
1489. Sternum, with right coraeoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
867. Pvrchased.
Qldemia nigra.
Anas nigra, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 196 (1766).
(Edemia nigra. Dresser, B. Eur. vi. p. 663, pi. 449 (1877).
The Common Scoter.
JTah. Northern Europe and Asia.
1480. Skull of male. From German v. Purchased.
ANATII».E. 309
1491. Stcrnuni. O. C. l2i}S A.
1492. Sternuin, with right comeoid, scapula, and I'ureula. >S. >S.
844. Furcliased.
Genus BIZIURA.
Steph. Gen. Zool. xii. pt. L^ p. 221 (L'524).
Biziura lobata.
Anfts lobatK, Shaw, Xat. Misc. pi. 2o5.
Biziura lobaia, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 3S1 (16(55).
The Musk-Duck.
TIal. Southern and Western Australia to Tasmania.
1493. Skeleton. 0. C. 12G4. Gould Collection.
1494. Skeleton. 0.(5.1265. Gould Collection.
1495. Sternum of female, with ri^ht coracoid, scapula, and
furcula. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P.
Mamsai/). S. S. 13(12.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, E-vj., F.R.S.
Genus TACHYERES.
Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. ix. p. 2-54 (1875).
Tachyeres cinereus *.
Anas ciiiereu, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 500 (1788).
Tachyeres cinereus, Scl. & Salv. Voy. ' Challenger,' ii. Birds,
p. 107 (1880).
The Steamer Duck.
Hah. Falkland Ishmds and Patagonia.
1496. Skeleton, from the Falkland Islands (the skull imperfect).
0. C 12GG A. lluiderian,
1497. Skeleton, from the Falkland Islands. 0. C. 12(56 B.
lluiderian.
* Cf. Ciiuuiui'liuni, Traus. Zuol. Soc. vii. ]ip. 19.3-001.
310 LAMELLIROSTRES,
Geiuis CLANGULA.
Leach in Eoss' Voy. Expl. BafRu's Bay, App. p. xlviii (1819).
Clangula glaucion.
Anas glaucion, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 201 (1760).
Clangula glaucion, Dresser, B.Eur, vi. p. 595, j)!. 440 (1875).
The Golden-eye.
Hah. Northern Europe unJ North America, migrating south-
ward in winter.
1498. Sternum, with right coracoiJ, scapuhn, and fureuhi. S. S.
845. . Furchasc'd.
Clangula americana.
Clangula americana, Bonaparte, Comp. List B. Eur. & N. Amer.
p. 58 (1838).
Clangula glaucion americana, Baird, Brewer, & Ridgway, Watcr-
Birds N. Amer. ii. p. 44 (1S84).
The American Golden-eye.
Ilah. The whole of North America, south to Cuba in winter.
1499. Sternum. S. S. 1290.
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Clangnla albeola.
Anas albeola, Liniucns, Syst. Nat. i. p. 109 (1706).
Clangula albeola, Baird, Brewer, and llidgway, Water- Birds N.
Amer. ii. p. 48 (1884).
The Bupfle-headed Duck.
Halt. North America, mioratino; south in winter to Cuba and
Mexico.
IfOO. Sternum. Presented hij tha Smithsowtn Institution.
ANATID.E.
311
Genus MERGUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 1^07 (17()<))-
Mergus merganser.
Mergus merganser, Linnaeus, Syst, Nat. i. p. 2U8(1700) ; Dresser,
B. Eur. vi. p. G85, pi. 452 (1875).
The Goosander.
JJah. Northern Europe and Asia ; North xinierica ; migrating
southwards in winter.
1501. Skeleton, mounted. 0. C. 1272. South CoUrdion.
1502. Skeleton. 0. C. 1273a. Purchased.
[Many of the bones exhibited in the Separate Series.]
1503. Skulk 0. C. 1273. Ilunterlan.
1504. Sternum. O.C. 1273 b.
1505. Sternum. 0. C. 1273c (Sm. no. 12173).
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
1506. Sternum, with right eoracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
g^2 Purchased.
1507. Sternum, with right eoracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
ygy^ Purchccsed.
1508. Sternum of young male. 0. C. 1272 B (Sm. no. 6410).
Presented by the Smithsonian Institution.
Mergus serrator.
Mergus serrator,Uxmsi\x&, Syst. Nat. i. p. 208 (1706); Dresser,
B. Eur. vi. p. 693, pi. 453 (1874).
The E/Ed-breasted Merganser.
Hah. Northern Europe and Asia, and North America ;
migrating south in winter.
1509. Skeleton, mounted. O.C. 1272 a. Yarrell Collection.
1510. llvoidean areh. 0. C. 1276. Presented t>y Ih: Leach.
312 LA3IELL1K0«TKES.
Mergus albellus^
Jlevf/us uViellus, Liunieus, ISyst. Nat. i. p. '2.()i) (1 TOi;) ; Dresser, B,
Eur. vi. p. 699, pis. 454, 455 (1874).
The Smew.
Hah. Northern Europe and Asia ; migrating southward in
winter.
1511. Skull. 0. C. 1274. Presented ly Dr. Leach.
1512. Hyoidean arch. 0. C. 1275. Presented hy Dr. Leacli.
1513. Sternum, witli right sca})ula, coracoid, and furcula. S. S.
866. Pui'cJiased.
Suborder III. PALAMEDEjE.
\_Cf. Scebohm, Classif. B. p. 32 ; Stejneger, Stand. Xat. Hist., Aves,
p. 1'6'6 ; Sharpe, lieview, p. 76.]
A. Palate desmognathous.
B. Xo uncinate processes to the ribs.
C. Cervical vertebras more than 18 in number.
D. Plumage of upper parts with no spinal bare tract.
Family PALAMEDEIDtE.
Genus PALAMEDEA*.
Linnfeus, Syst. 2s"at. i. p. 232 (1700),
Palamedea cornuta.
Palaiiiedca cornuta, Linnanis, Syst. Nat. i. p. 232 (1706); Scl. &
Salv. Nomeucl. Av. Neotrop. p. 128 (1873).
The Horned Screamer.
Ilah. Guiana and Amazonia.
1514. Skeleton (up})er })art of brain-case removed ), mounted.
I'lirc/ia^cd.
1515. l\adius^ ulna, carpus, metacai'pus, and })balanges of right
wing. 0. C. 1287. British Museum.
* (/. Garrod, V. Z. S. 1870, p. 189 {Chauna dcrhiana).
Tl'BlNAUES.
313
Subclass GALLIF0B3IES.
\_Cf. Scebolim, Classif. B. p. 33.]
A. Yonno- when liatched thickly covered with (h)wn.
B. Maxillo-paliitincs not united across the middle line.
C. Keel of sternum well developed.
D. Deep plantar tendon, if reacliing the hallux, proceeding
from the/^.TO/' lonc/us hallucis, and not from the jie.vor per-
forans digitorum.
Older I. TUBINAllES *.
rC/ Steincger, Stand. Nat. Hist., Aves, p. 84 ; Secbolim, Classif. E.
^ ' ■ p. 34.]
A. External nostrils produced into tubes.
B Nasals holorhinal.
C. Dorsal vertebrae heterocoelous.
D. Hallux absent, or reduced to one phalanx, the other toes
directed forward.
E. Spinal feather-tract well-defined on the neck.
F. Oil-oland tufted.
Family DIOMEDEID^.
A. Nasals tubes separated from each other.
B. No basipterygoid processes.
Genus DIOMEDEAt.
Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 214 (1700).
Diomedea exulans.
DIomedea exuJam, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 214 (170(3) ; Sharpc,
rhil. Trans, extra vol. 168, p. 45 (1879).
The Wandering Albatros.
Hah. Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
* Cf. Procellariiformes, Sharpe, Review, p. 71 ; Lydeklvcr, Cat. Fossil
BirdsBrit.Mus. p. 184(1891).
t Cf. Lvdekker, Cat. Fossil lairds Brit. Mus. p. 188 (1891) : also Sliufrl( t,
rroc. U.S. N^at. Mus. 1888, pp. ^o-i-ZVo (" Fi<rures and Descriptions ot X<n th-
Aiuerican Tubiiiures'").
314 TUBINARES.
Diomedea exulans.
1516. Articulated skeleton. O.C.I 180. Pvtrhased.
1517. Bones of skeleton, many longitudinally bisected. 0. C.
1199-1216 A. Ilunterian.
1518. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217 d. Stores.
1519. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217o. Slaves.
1520. 1521. Skulls (one incomplete). 0. C. 1190, 1191.
Hunteiian.
1522. Skull. 0. C. 1191a.
1523. Skull. 0. C. 1191 B.
Presented hy the Managers of the lioijal Listitidio/i.
1524. Skull (very large), wanting left pterygoid. 0. C. 1191 c.
Presented hy Mi\ E. Ilornlhlow.
1525. Dried head. 0. C. 1194. Presented hy W. BaUock, Es,/.
1526. Dried head. O.C.I 194 a. Purchased.
1527. Skull, vertically bisected. 0. C. 1191, 1192.
Presented, hy Sir Rlcliard Owen, F.R.S.
1528. Thorax and pelvis. 0. C. 1190. Ilunterian.
1529. Sternum. 0. C. 119G a.
1530. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1819. Gouhl Collection.
1531. Left foot with interdi<>ital membrane. 0. C. 1217.
Diomedea^ .sp.
1532. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217 c.
1533. Skeleton (imperfect), pelvis and left wing missing. 0. C
1217 k.
1534. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217 L.
DIOMEDEID/E. 315
1535. Skeleton. 0. ('. 1217 m.
1536. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217 n.
1537. Ivight iind left railil and uln;t'. IlunterUin.
Diomedea chlororhyncha.
Diomedea chlororhi/ncJia, Latham, Iiid. Orn. ii. p. TOO (1790);
Goidd, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 437 (1865).
The Yellow-nosed Albatros.
Hall. Soiithern Indian and South Pacitic Oceans.
1538. Skull. 0. C. 1219 A. PurchaseiL
1539. Skull. Stores.
Diomedea derogata.
Diomedea de7'or/ata, Swiiihoe, P. Z. 8. 1875, p. 786 ; David et
Oustalet, Ois. Chine, p. 516 (1877).
The Chinese Albatros.
Ilah. Chinese Seas.
1540. Skeleton of male. From Chefoo, China. 0. C. 1219 b.
Presented hy R. Sicinhoe, Esq., PM.S.
Diomedea melanophrys.
Diomedea melanophrys, Tcmminck, PI. Col. v. pi. 45(5. livr. 77
(1828); Sharpc, Phil. Trans, extra vol. 168, p. 46 (1879).
The Black-eyebrowed Albatros or Molly
Mawk.
Hub. Southern Oceans generally,
1541. Skeleton. O.C. 1217i. Gould Collection.
1542. Skeleton, mounted. 0. C. 1219. Gould CnUcctioa.
olG TUBINARES.
Diomedea fuliginosa.
Diomedea fuliginosa, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. oG8 (1788); Hharpe,
Phil. Trans, extra vol. 168, p. 48 (1879).
Phoehetria fuliginosa, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 441 (1865).
The Sooty Albatros.
Ilah. Temperate latitudes of tlie Southern Hemisphere.
1543. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C. 1217 d. Stores.
1544. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217e. Stores.
1545. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217 g. Stores.
1546. 1547. Skulls. 0. C. 1191 d, llOl e.
Presented hij Alfred Liiujat'd, Esq.
Diomedea cauta.
Diomedea cauta, Gould, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 177 ; id. Handb. B. Austr.
ii. p. 434(1865).
The Shy Albatros.
JJab. South Australian seas.
1548. Skeleton. 0. C. 1217h. Gould Collection.
Family PliOCELLARlID^.
A. Nostrils placed close together.
B. Basipterygoid processes present.
Genus OSSIFRAGA *.
Hombron et Jacquinot, C. R. xviii. p. 356 (1844),
Ossifraga gigantea.
Procellaria gigantea, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 563 (1788).
Ossifraga gigantea (Gm.), Sharpe, Phil. Trans, extra vol. 168,
p. 42 (1879).
The Giant Petrel.
I fab. Seas of Southern Hemisphere generally.
1549. Skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1218. Gould CoUidion.
* Cf. LydukliLT, Cat. Fos:^U Birds Brit. Mu-. p. 187 (18'J1).
PROCELLARIID.E. 317
1550. Skull (wantin;^ loft (inadrate bone). 0. C 1222.
Ilimffrian.
1551. Skull (wanting loft quadrate bone). 0. C. 1222 A.
1552. Skull. O. C. 1222 B. Presented b;j F. Kievnan, Esq.
Genus MAJAQUEUS.
Reichcnbach, Xatiirl. 8yst. Vogel, ]). iv (1852).
Majaqueus conspicillatus.
Procellaria conspicillata, Gould, Ann. & 3Iag. N. H. xiii. p. 3G2
(1844).
Majaqueus consj^icilhdus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 445 (1865).
The Spectacled Petrel.
Jfdh. South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
1553. Skull. ().(". 1221?.. Presented hij Jfr. Williams.
Majaqueus aequinoctialis.
Procellaria cvquinoctialis, LinnoDUS, Syst. Xat. i. p. 213 (1760).
Miijanveus cequinoctialis (L.), Sharpe, Phil. Trans, extra vol. 1G8,
p. 10 (1879).
The Cape Hex.
]Iah. Southern Seas.
1554. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 m. Gould Collection.
1555. Skull. S. S. 1925. Stores.
Genus THALASSOICA.
Reichenbach, Xatiirl. Syst. Vogel, p. iv (1852).
Thalassoica glacialoides.
Procellaria glacialoides. Smith, III. Zool. S. Afr., Aves, pi. 51
(1849).
Thalassoica glacialoides, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 407 (1865).
The Silvery-grey Petrel.
JIab. AtLmtic and Pacific Oceans.
1556. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 i,. Gonld Collection.
318 TUBINARES.
Genus FULMARUS.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xiii. pt. 1, p. 233 (1826).
Fulmarus rodgersi.
Fuhnarus rodgersii, Cassin, Pr. Ac. Nat. Sci. Pliil. 1862, p. 90.
Fulmarus r/Jacialis rodgersii, A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 99
(1886). '
KoDGERs' Fulmar Petrel.
Hah. Bering Sea.
1557. Skeleton of trunk. S. Paul's Island, Alaska (//. W.
FJlioii : Sm. no. 12610). 0. C. 1223 a.
Presented hy the Smltlisonian Tiistitntion.
P-almarus glacialis.
Procellaria (jlacialis, Liunaius, Syst. Nat. i. p. 213 (1766).
Fulmarus glacialis. Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 535, pi. 617 (1878).
The Eulmar Petrel.
Hah. North Atlantic.
1558. Dried head. 0. C. 1123. Ilvnterian.
Genus PUFFINUS *.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 131 (1760).
Puffinus anglorum.
Procellaria anglorum, Temminck, Man, d'Orn. ii. p. 807(1820).
Puffinus anglonnn, Dressier, B. Eur. viii. p. 517, pi. iU5. fig. 1
(1876).
The Manx Shearwater.
Ilah. North Atlantic Ocean.
1559. Natural skeleton. 0. 0. 1161 c.
From the Zoological Society.
* (y. lAclcklvPr, Cat. Fossil Hirds Brit. [NIiis. p. 185 (1891).
rROCELLARIlD-E. 319
Puffinus brevicaudus.
PvJJinus hrevicaudns, Brandt, Icon. Rossic. Av. tab. 6. fig. 17.
Nectris brevicaudus, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 459 (18G5).
The Short-tailed Petrel.
Ilah. South Australian seas.
1560. Skeleton (toes defective): mounted. 0. C. 1224. From
Green Island, Bass's Straits. Gould Collection.
Genus CZ:STRELATA.
Bonaparte, Consp. Av. ii. p. 188 (185G).
OBstrelata mollis.
ProceUaria 7volUs, Gould, Ann. & Mag. N. H. xiii. p. 303 (1844).
CEstrelata mollis, Gould, Haudb. B. Austr. ii. p. 453 (18G5).
The Soft-plumaged Petrel.
IIcd>. South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
1561. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 n. Gould Collection.
1562. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220Cx. Stores.
1563. Skeleton. 0. ('. 1220 H. Stores.
Genus DAPTION.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 239 (1825).
Daption capensis *.
ProceUaria capensis, Linna3us, kSy«t. Nat. i. p. 213 (1706).
Daption capensis (L.), Sharpe, Phil. Trans, vol. 168, p. 18 (1879).
The Cape Petrel.
Hah. Oceans of the Southern Hemisphere, north to about
latitude 25'^.
1564. Skeleton.
* Cf. Sliufeldt, Proc. U.S. Nat. :\r.i3. 1887, p. 380.
o20 TUBINARES.
Daption capensis.
1565. Sk('l(;ton.
1566. Skoleton: mounted. (3.(^1220. Brookes Col U'ctmn.
1567. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 c.
1568. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 d. GohU Collecfion.
1569. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 a.
P re.^ented hij F. W. Beanoit, Esq.
1570. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 b.
1571. Skull. 0. C. 1221a.
Genus PRION.
Lacepede, Me'ra. I'lust. Paris, iii. jx 513 (ISOl).
Prion desolatus.
ProceUaria desolata, Graelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 502 (178S).
Prion desolata (Gm.), Sharpe, Phil. Trans, vol. 168, p. 37 (1879).
The Dove-like Petrel.
llah. Southern Oceans.
1572. Skeleton. 0. C. 1220 f. Stores.
Prion vittatus.
ProceUaria vittata, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 560 (1788).
Prion vittatus (Gm.), Sharpe, Phil. Trans, vol. 168, p. 35 (1879).
The Broad-billed Blue Petrel.
Ilah. Southern Oceans.
1573. Skeleton. 0. C.1220e. Gould CoJIeotJon.
1574. Sterninn. S. S. 1820. Stores.
IMPKNNKS.
321
Uemis THALASSIDROMA.
Vi<?ors, Zool. Journ. ii. p. 405 (1825).
Thalassidroma pelagica.
Procellaria pelcKjica, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 212 (1706).
Thalassidroma pelagica (L.), Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 401, pi. nVX
fig. 1 (1874).
The Stormy Petrel.
Hah. Atlantic Ocean.
1575. Natural skeleton. 0. C. 1224 a. Yarrell Collvrtion.
Genus CYMOCHORHEA.
Coues, Proc. Philad. Acad. 1804, p. 75.
Cymochorhea leucorrhoa.
ProceUaria Inicorrhoa, Yieill. N. Diet, xxiii. p. 422(1817).
Ci/mochorea leucorrhoa {\ .), Baird, Brewer, & Rid,ij;\v. Water Birds
^N.-Amer. ii. p. 407 (1884).
Leach's Petrel.
Hah. Atlantic Ocean.
1576. Sternum, with right coraeold, scapula, an;! furcula. S. S.
2037.
Order II. IMPENNES *.
[C/. Seebohm, Classif. B.p. 35. Bphenisciformes, Sharpe, Review,]). 71.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Bones of the wing flattened.
(J. Scapula very broad, not differino; very niucli in size from th(>
keel of the sternum.
D. First digit of the manus fused with the second in the adult
bird.
* Watson, Rep. Voy. ' Challenger,' vii. pp. 1-244, pis. i.-xix. (1883) ;
Menzbier, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1887, pp. 483-587, pi. viii. ; Stejneger, Stand.
Nat. Hist., Birds, p. 84 ; Lydekker, Cat. Fo.s.sil B. Brit. Mas. p. V.n (18U1).
P.m;t 111. Y
322 IMPENNES.
E. Three metatarsal bones of the tarso-meta tarsus very short,
and separated from each other throughout their whole
length by deep grooves.
F. Spinal feather-tract not defined on the neck.
G. None of the wing-feathers differentiated into quills.
H. Young hatched helpless, but covered with down.
Genus SPHENISCUS.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 07 (1760).
Spheniscus magellanicus.
Aptenoclytes maf/ellanica, Forster, Descript. Animal, p. 351 (1844).
Spheniscus magellanicus, 8cl. & Hudson, Argent. Orn. ii. p. 206
(1889).
The Jackass Penguin.
Ilah. Coasts of Antarctic America, and Falkland Islands.
1577. Skull and atlas. From the Falkland Islands. 0. C.
1142 b. Purchased from the Zoological Society.
1578. Cranium (wanting quadrate and pterygoid bones). O. C.
1142 C. Presented hy E. A. Ilolmstead, Esq.
1579. Sternum. S. S. 2338. From the Falkland Islands [Le-
conte). Purchased.
Spheniscus demersus.
Diomedea demersa, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 214 (1766).
Spheniscus demersus, Scl. &, Salv. Rep. Voy. H.M.S. ' Challenger,'
ii. Birds, p. 124, pi. xxvii. (1880).
The Cape Penguin.
Ilah. The (Jape of Good Hope.
1580. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1142. Hunterian.
1581. Sternum. S. S. 1(575. Stores.
IMPENNES.
323
Genus PYGOSCELIS.
Waglcr, Lsis, 18:32, p. 2S1.
Pygoscelis taeniata.
Aptenodytes tceniata, Peale, U.S. Expl. Exped. p. 204 (1848).
Pygoscelis tceniata, Sharpe, Phil. Trans, vol. 168, p. 54 (187!)).
The Gentoo Penguin.
Ilah. Kerguelen and Falkland Islands.
1583. Skeleton (imperfect) . 0. C. 1141 b. Falkland Islands.
Presented Inj K. A. Ilolmstead, Esq.
1583. Skull. West Island, Falkland Islands. 0. C. 1141c.
Presented hji E. A. Ilolmstead, Esq.
1584. Skull and some other bones : some mounted in the sepa-
rate series. From the Falkland Islands {Leconie).
From the Zoological Societi/.
1585. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2339. From the
Falkland Islands (Leconie). Purchased.
1586. Eight humerus of above specimen. S. S. 201(5.
1587. llight radius of above specimen. S. S. 2017.
1588. Right ulna of above specimen. S. S. 2018.
1589. Manus of above specimen. S. S. 2430.
1590. Pelvis of above specimen. S. S. 2340.
1591. Right femur of above specimen. S. S. 2341.
1592. Right tibio-tarsus of above specimen. S. S. 2342.
1593. Right pes of above specimen. S. S. 23G0.
Yli
'624: IMPENNES.
Genus EUDYPTES*.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 67 (181G).
Eudyptes chrysolophus.
Catarhactes chrysoloplms, Brandt, Bull. Acad. Sci. St. Petersb. ii.
p. 315 (1837).
Eudyptes chrysolophus (Brandt), Sharpe, Phil. Trans, vol. 1G8,
p. 57, pi. viii. fig. 2 (1879).
The Macaroni Penguin.
Hah. Falkland Islands.
1594. Skull. 0. (J. 1145. Presented hjj W. Bullock, Esq.
1595. Skull, with horny sheath of both mandibles. 0. C. 1145 A.
Stores, 18o8.
Genus EUDYPTILAf.
Bonaparte, Comj^tes Eendus, xlii. p. 775 (1856).
Eudyptila minor.
Aptenodytes minor, Forster, N. Comm. Gott. iii. p. 147 (1781).
Eudyptula minor, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 518 (1865).
The Little Penguin.
Ilab. Tasmania and South Coast of Australia.
1596. Articulated skeleton : mounted. O.C.I 144. Ilunterian.
1597. Imperfect skeleton (sternum in the Separate Series). 0. C.
1144 a. Gould Collection.
1598. Sternum. S. S. 1827. Gould Collection.
1599. Left wing, with the integuments removed so as to shovv
the bones in situ. 0. C. 1143. Ilunterian.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 195 (1891).
t Cf. Lydekker, ibid. p. 196 (1891). Cf. also Shufeldt, Proc. U.S. Nat.
Mus. vii. p. 324 (18K4).
IMPENNES. 325
Genus APTENODYTES.
Forstcr, N. Comm. Getting, iii. p. 133 (1781).
Aptenodytes forsteri.
Aptenodytes forsteri, Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 315 (1844) :
Sclater, Ibis, ] 888, p. 327.
The Emperor Penguin.
Hah. Antarctic Seas.
1600. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1118.
Presented hy Dr. McConnlck.
1601. Disarticulated skeleton ; imperfect (several vertebra? and
other bones missing ; in several bones a longitudinal
section has been made to show the texture). 0. C. 1120-
1130, 1132-1141, 1130 A. Hunterian.
1602. Distal end of tibia and tarsus of the right foot. O. 0.
1117. Hunterian.
1603. Skull, with sclerotic bones.
Presented J>ij Sir Williani Blizard, F.R.S.
Aptenodytes pennanti.
Aptenodytes pennanti. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. xiii. p. 315 (1844) ;
Scl. Ibis, 1888, p. 326.
The King Penguin.
Hah. Southern Ocean.
1604. Sternum. S. S. 2014. Stores.
326 ' GALLO-GllALL.E.
Older III. GALLO-GRALL^.
[C/. Seebobm, Classif. B. p. ;36.]
A. Palate not desmoonathous.
B. Keel of sternum well developed.
C. Youn^", when hatched, covered with down and able to run
in a few hours.
Suborder 1. GAVI^E.
[Cf. Seebobm, Classif. B. p. 37.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Basipterygoid jjrocesses absent.
C. Dorsal vertebrffi more or less opisthocoelous.
D. Spinal feather-tract forked on the back.
E. Young, when hatched, covered with down and able to run in
a few hours.
Family ALCID^ *.
[Alciformes, Sharpe, llcvicw, p. 7l?.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Basii)terygoid processes absent.
C Nasals schizorhinal.
D. Lateral occipital fontanelles present.
E. Feet webbed.
Genus ALCAf.
Linna3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 210 (17G6),
Alca impennis.
AJca impennis, Linuseus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 210 {\1{M\).
Plautus impennis, Eaird, Brewer, & Itidgway, Water-Birds
N. Amcr. ii. p. 467 (18S4).
The Geeat Auk.
JI(tI>. Islands of the North Atlantic.
* Cf. Shufeldt, Aiik, iv. p. 8], v. jip. .",28^331 ; id. Journ. Anat. & Phys.
xxiii. pp. 1-30, xxiv. pp. 165-186, 400-429, 537-558, xxv. pp. 89-116, 169-
187, 543-560, &c. ; Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mas. p. 193 (1891).
+ Cf. Owen, Trans.*^Z. 8. v. p. 317, yh. ii., iii. ; id. P.Z. S. 1864, p. 258;
Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus, p. 194 (1^91 ).
ALCID^. 327
1605. Artieuluted skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1151.
Hunterian.
1606. Skull (niutiliiteJ, evidently taken from a skin), with
horny sheiith of mandibles. 0. C. 1150.
From the British Museum.
1607. Bony sclerotics, taken from above specimen. 0. C. 1150 a.
1608. Anterior portion of sternum, from a kitchen-midden at
Keiss, in Caithness. (See Proc. Soc. Antiquaries Scot-
land, Jan. 13, 1879, p. 31.) 0. C. 1150 b.
Presented hy George Busk, Esq., F.R.S.
1609. Various bones : several mounted in the separate series.
From Newfoundland. 0. C. 1160 A. Purchased.
Alca torda.
Alca torda, Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 210 (17GG) ; Baird, Brewer,
& Kidgway, Water-Birds N. Amer. ii. p. 472 (1S8-1).
The Razor-billed Auk.
Hah. Coasts and Islands of the North Atlantic.
1610. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1146.
South Collection.
1611. Natural skeleton : momited. 0. C. 114:6 c.
From the Zoological Society.
1612. 1613. Skulls of male and female. From Sussex.
Purchased.
1614. Skull (wanting right quadrate bone). 0. C. 1147.
Presented hy W. Bullock, Esq.
1615. Skull (wanting botli pterygoid bones). 0. C. 1147 a.
1616. Dried head. 0. C. 1148.
1617. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1146d.
Hunterian.
1618. Sternum, with right .•,,racuid, scajaila. and furcnla.
S. S. S54. Purchased.
328 GALLO-GEALL^:.
Genus LOMVIA.
Brandt, Bull. Acad. St. Pctcrsb. ii. p. 345 (1837).
Lomvia troile.
Coli/rnhi!s troile, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 220 (1766).
Lomvia troile, B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 206 (1883).
The Common Guillemot.
Hal). Western Europe and Western North America.
1619. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1164.
South Collection.
1620. Natural skeleton. Purchased.
1621. Sternum with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1164 c.
1622. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 850. Purchased.
Iiomvia ringvia.
Uria ringvia, Latham, Gen. Syu. Suppl. i. p. 205 (1787).
The Ringed Guillemot.
Hah. The same as that of the Common Guillemot.
1623. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 857. Ptirchased.
Lomvia bruennichii.
Uria hrunniclii, Sabine, Trans. Linn. Soc. xii. p. 538 (1818).
Lomvia hruennichi, B. 0. F. List Brit. B. p. 207 (1883).
Brunnich's Guillemot.
Hah, Xf)r(]i(M-ii l'iiir(i|i(' ntnl .Vmerica,
ALCIDJE. 329
1624. Skeleton. O.C.lU'An. -S/oms 186«.
1625. Skeleton of trunk ; iVoni St. runrs Island, Alaska (II.
W. Elliott : Sm. no. 12655). 0. (J. 1104 d.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
Genus URIA.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 73 (1700).
Uria grylle.
Cohjmhns grylle, Liuuaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 220 (1760).
Uria grylle, B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 207 (1883).
The Black Guillemot.
Hah. Arctic and Temperate portions of Europe and North
America.
1626. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1164 A.
Yarrell Collection.
Genus MERGULUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 07 (1816).
Mergulus alle.
Alca alle, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 211 (1766).
Mergulm alle, B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 208 (1883).
The Little Auk.
Hah. Arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and America; migrating
south in winter.
1627. Skull. 0. C. 1149. Presented hy W. Bullock, Esq.
1628. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 855. Purchased.
330 GALLO-GKALL^.
Genus FRATERCULA.
Brisson, Oru. vi. p. 81 (17(30).
FratercTila arctica.
Aha arctica, Linnicus, Syst. IS'at. i. p. 211 (1706).
Fratercula arctica, Baird, Brewer, & llidgway, Water-Birds
N. Amer. ii. p. 524 (1884).
The Common Puffin.
llah. Nortli-westeni Europe and Eastern Nortli America.
1629. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1161.
South Collection.
1630. Skeleton. 0. C. llfil a. Hunterian.
1631. Natural skeleton: mounted. From Ireland. 0. 0.1161 b.
From the Zoological Society s Gardens, 1885.
1632. Dried head. 0. C. 1162. Presented by W. Bullock, Esq.
1633. Skull of young. 0. C. 1163. Hunterian.
1634. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and f'urcula.
S. S. 2026.
Fratercula corniculata.
Mormon corniculatum, Naiimann, Isis, 1821, p. 782, pi. 7. figs.
3,4.
Fratercula cornicidata, Baird, Brewer, & Bidgwaj, Watcr-Birds
N. Amer. ii. p. 529 (1884).
The Horned Puffin.
Ilab. Coasts and Islands of the North Pacific.
1635. Skeleton of trunk ; from St. Paul's Island, Alaska (H
W. Elliott : Sm. no. 12581). 0. C. 1163 a.
Presented l>y the Smithsonian Institution.
ALC1D.E. 331
Genus PHALERIS.
Tcmminck, Manuel d'Orn. i. p. cxii (1820).
Phaleris psittacula.
Aha psittacula. Pallas, Spic. Zool. vol. i. fasc. v. p. 13, pi. 2 (17(>!>).
Cydorhiinclms ^)stWacM/i<s, Baird, Brewer, &. llidgway, Water-
Birds N. Amer. ii. p. 515 (1884).
The Parrot Auk.
Ilah. Coasts and Islands of the North Pacific.
1636. Skeleton of trunk : from St. Paul's Island, Alaska (//.
W. Elliott : Sm. no. 12G35). 0. C. 11G3 b.
Presented hy the Smitlison'uvn Inditution.
Genus SIMORHYNCHUS.
Merrcm, Ersch u. Grubcr's Encjclop. ii. p. 4U5 (1819).
Simorhynchus cristatellus.
Alca cri^tateUa, Pallas, Spic. Zool. vol. i. fasc. v. p. 20, pi. 3 (1769).
Simorhynchus cristatellus, Baird, Brewer, and Kidgway, Water-
Birds N. Amer. ii. p. 512 (1884).
The Crested Auk.
Ilah. Coasts and Islands of the North Pacific,
1637. Skeleton of trunk. From St. Paul's Island, Alaska (//,
W. Elliott : Sm. no. 12(]2()). 0. C. llGo c.
Presented hy tlie Smithsonian Institution.
1638. Skeleton of trunk. From St. PanPs Island, Alaska {IL
W.Elliott : Sm. no. 12404). 0. C. 11(53 d.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
332
GALLO-GKALL.E.
Family STERCORARIID^.
Genus STERCORARIUS.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. loU (1760).
Stercorarius catarrhactes.
Larus caiarractes, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 226(1766).
Stercorarius catarrhactes. Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 457, j)!. 600
(1875).
The Common Skua.
Hah. North-Avest Europe and North America.
1639. Skull. 0. C. 1231. Ilunterkm.
Genus LESTRIS.
lUiger, Prodromus Syst. Mamm. ct Av. p. 272 (1811).
Lestris crepidatus.
Larus crepidatus. Banks in Hawkesworth's Voyage, ii. p. 15
(1773).
Stercorarius richardsoni, Swains. ; Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii..
p. 353 (1885).
Uichardson's Skua.
Hah. Northern Europe, N. Asia, and North America.
1640. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Gardens.
LARID^.
333
Family LARIBM*.
Genus LARUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 224 (1700).
Larus luarinus.
Larus marinus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 225 (1706) ; Dresser, B.
Eur. viii. p. 427, pi. 0U4 (1872).
The GREA.TER Black-backed Gull.
Hab. Northern Europe, Asia, and North-eastern America;
migrating southward in winter.
1641. Skeleton (toes of right foot defective) : mounted. 0. C.
1220. South Collection.
1641a. Skeleton. [Many of the bones mounted in the Separate
Series.] 0. (!. 1229. Hunterian.
1642. Skull. 0. i\ 1227. r resented hj W. Bulloch, Esq.
1643. Skull. 0. (J. 1228. Ihuiterkm.
1644. Skull, longitudinally l)isected. 0. C. 1229. ITunteriaa.
1645. Cranium. S. S. 1756. ITunterian.
1646. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Purchased.
1647. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Purchased.
1648. Sternum, with right coracoid, sca[)ula, and furcula.
S. S. 1757. Hunterian.
1649. Right humerus. S. S. 1759. Hunterian.
1650. Right radius. S. S. 17(30. Hunterian.
1651. Right ulna. S. S. 170 1. Hunterian.
1652. Pelvis. S. S. 1758. Hunterian.
1653. Right femur. S. S. 1762. Hunterian.
1654. Right tihio-tarsus. S. S. 17G3. Hunterian.
1655. Right tarso-metatarsus. S. S. 1764. Hunterian.
* Cf. (iiUTod, r. Z. S. Is7;j, p. :)[. {\.r_ O; Forbes, Ibis, 1881, p. ;}, fijr. -2.
334
GALLO-GRALLiE.
Larus glaucus.
Laucus glaucus, Briinnich, Orn. Eor. p. 44(1764): Drosser, B,
Eur. viii. p. 433, pi. 605 (1S77).
The Glaucous Gull.
Huh. Northern Europe, Asia, and America.
Ventral aspect of skull of Larus (/laucus. (Letters as before.)
1656. Skeleton (imperfect). St. Paul's Island, Alaska (IT. W.
Elliott). 0. C. 1225 A.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
1656 a. Skeleton, probably of this species. 0. C. 1229 b.
Ihinterian.
Larus argentatus.
Larus argentatus, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 600 (1788); Secbohm,
Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 326, pi. 51 (1885).
The Herring-Gull.
ITab. Europe and North America.
1657. Articulated skeleton. 0. C. 1225. South Collection.
1658. Natural skeleton. Presented hy II. W. Patei-son, Es^j.
1658 a. Skull. O.C. 1230. Jliiaterian.
LARID^. 335
Larus pacificus.
Larus pacifims, Latham, lud. Orii. Suppl. p. Ixviii (1801);
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 385 (18G5).
The Pacific Gull.
Hah. Coasts of Southern Australia, and Tasmania.
1659. Skeleton. From Tasmania. 0. 0. 1230 A.
Gould Collect/on.
1660. Skull. From Tasmania. O.C 1230 b.
Gould Collection.
Larus fuscus.
Larus fuscus, Linnaeus, Syst. iS^at. i. p. 225(17(10); Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 319 (1885).
The Lesser Black-backed Gull.
Hah. Northern and Western Euroj)e.
1651. Sternum with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 870. Purchased.
Larus crassirostris.
Larus crassirostris, Vieiliot, ]S\ Diet. d'Hist. Xat. xxii. p. 508
(1818); David et Oust. Ois. Chine, p. oDJ (1877).
Temminck's Gull.
Hah. Coasts of China and Jaj)an.
1662. Skeleton. From Chefoo, China. 0. C. 1230e.
Presented Inj Consul Swinhoe, F.R.S.
1663. Skeleton. From Chefoo, China. 0. C. 1230 F.
Presented hy Consul Swinhoe, F.R.S.
Larus canus.
Larus canus, Linnajus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 224 (170G) ; Dresser, B.
Eur. viii. p. 381, pi. 600 (1873).
The Common Gull.
H((/i. Xoi'tlu'rii Europe and Asia.
336 GALLO-GRALL.T:.
Larus canus.
1664. ^^kull. 0. C.1232. Ihntenan.
1665. Cranium of male.
1666. Hvoidean arch. 0. C. 1235 a.
Larus jamesonii.
Larus jamesoni, Wilson, 111. Zool. pi. xxiii. (1831).
Briichigavia jamesonii^ Gould, Handb. B. Austr, ii. p. 387(18Gr)).
The Silver Gull.
Hah. Tasmania and Southern coasts of Australia to New
(Jaledonia.
1667. Skeleton of female. From E'linder's Island, Bass Straits.
0. C. 1230 c. Gould Collection.
Larus ridibundus.
Larus ridibundus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 225 (1766) ; Dresser,
B. Eur. iii. p. 357, pi. 597. fig. 1 (1878).
The Black-headed Gull.
Hah. Europe and Asia to Japan, ranging south in winter.
1668. 1669. Skulls. 0. C. 1231 a, 1231 b. Purchased.
1670. Skull. 0. 0. 1234. South Collection.
1671. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 1218. Purchased.
1672. Sternum of female. From the Zoological Gardens.
Genus RISSA.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 180 (1825).
Rissa tridactyla.
Larus tridactylus, LinniEUS, Syst. Nat. i. p. 224 (1766).
Bissa tridactyla. Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 447, pis. 607, 608 (1878)
The Kittiwake.
Hah. Northern Europe, Asia, and America, ranging south in
winter.
LARID^. 337
1673. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1233. (Ribs and toes defective.)
South CoUedion.
1674. Skeleton of trunk. From St. Paul's Island, Alaska ;
collected by H. W. Elliott. 0. 0. 1233 a.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
1675. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 1392. Purchased.
Rissa brevirostris.
Larus brevirostris, Bruch, J. f. O. 1853, p. 103.
lUssa brevirostris, A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B, p. 107 (1886).
The Red-legged Kittiwake.
IIa/>. Coast and Islands of Bering Sea.
1676. Skeleton. From St. Paul's Island, Alaska ; collected by
H. W. Elliott (Sm. no. 12583). 0. C. 1233 b.
Presented hy the Smithsonian institution.
Subfamily S T E R N I N Ji.
Genus STERNA.
Brisson, Oni. vi. p. 202 (17G0).
Sterna fluviatilis.
Sterna hirundo, Liuiueus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 277 (17G6),
Sterna fluviatilis, Xaumauu, Isis, 1819, p. 18-17; Sauuders, Proc.
Zool. Soc. 1876, p. 649.
The Common Tern.
Ilab. Northern Euro[)e, Asia, and America; migrating south
to Africa and South America.
1677. Skeleton. 0. C. 1239 a. Yarrell Collection.
1678. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
I'ART III.
338 GALLO-GRALLyt:,
Sterna arctica.
tSterna arctica, Tcmmiuck, Man. (rOni. ii. p. 742 (1820);
Seebohra, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 284, pi. 4(5 (LS85).
The Arctic Tern.
Hah. North Earo[)e and North America, ranging s?outh in
winter.
1679. Sternum, with right coraeoid, acapnia, and furcula.
S. S. 393. Purchased.
Sterna maxima.
Sterna maxima^ Boddacrt, Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 58 (1783) ; Cory, B.
West Indies, p. 277 (1889).
The Royal Tern.
llah. Tropical America and Tem[»ei'ate North America.
1680. Sternum, with right coraeoid, sca|)ula, and furcula.
From Jamaica. S. S. 2014. Gosse Collection.
Sterna bergii.
Sterna bergii, Lichtensteiu, Verz. Doubl. p. 80 (1823) ; Saunders,
Proe. Zool. Soc. 1870, p. 657 ; Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 432
(1882).
The Large Crested Tern.
//ah. Indian and South Pacific Oceans.
1681. Skeleton (toes defective). 0. C. 1238. Gould Colledion.
1682. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From tJio Solomon
Islands. Presented In/ P. L. Sclater, Esq., P.R.S.
Sterna caspia.
Sterna caspia, Pallas, Nov. Comm. Pctrop. xiv. p. 582 (1769) ;
Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 289, pi. 584 (1877).
The Caspian Tern.
//((/'. Temperate and tropical coasts of the whole world.
1683. Skeleton, mounted. 0. C. 1237. Ilunterian.
LARIDJS. 339
1684. Skeleton. From Launceston, Tasmania. 0. 0. 12;^)7a.
1685. Sternum, with riglit coracoiJ, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. 993. From Australia [E. P. Ramsay).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus HYDROCHELIDON.
Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 563.
Hydrochelidon nigra.
Sterna nigra, LimioBus, Syst. JS'at. i. p. 227 (1766).
Ifi/drochclidon nir/ra. Dresser, B. Eur. viii, p. 327, pi. 592 (1876).
The Black Tern.
Ilah. Europe, Asia, and America, descending far south in
winter.
1686. Skull of male. Lake of Constance. Purchased.
1687. Skull of female. Lake of (Jonstance. Purchased.
Genus GYGIS.
Wagler, Isis, 1832, p. 1223.
Gygis Candida.
Sterna Candida, Forster, Descr. Anim. p. 179 (1844).
Gi/gis Candida (Forst.), Gould, Handb, B. Austr. ii. p. 405 (1805).
The White Tern.
Hub. Eastern Australia and Norfolk Island.
1688. Skeleton. 0. C. 1238 d. Stores, 18G8.
Genus ANOUS.
Stephens, in Shaw's Gen. Zool. pt. xiii. p. 139 (1826).
Anous stolidus.
Sterna stolida, Linn;cus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 227 (1706).
Anous stolidus (L.), A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 90 (1886).
The Noddy.
z 2
MO GALLO-GRALL^.
Anous stolidus.
Hab. Trojjical and Subtropical coasts of both liemispberes.
1689. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula.
S. S. i)dS. Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus RHYNCHOPS*.
LinuaBus, Syst. Xat. i. j). 22y (1706).
Rhynchops flavirostris.
lihijncJiojhS Jlavirostris, A'icillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. iii. p. 358
(1816) : Heugliii, Orn. N.O.-Afr. iv. p. 1463 (1873).
The Yellow-billed Skimmek.
Hab. Africa and India.
1690. Imperfect skull of young. Q. C. 4 A. Ilnnfermn.
1691. Skull of adult. Purchased.
Family CHIONIDID^ f-
Genus CHIONIS.
Forstcr, Encliiridiou Hist. Nat. p. 87 (1788).
Chionis alba.
Chionis (dha, Linn.; Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 143
(1873).
The Sheathbill.
Jlab. Falkland Islands and Straits of Magellan.
1692. Skeleton. 0. (A 1347 A. Purchased.
Chionis minor J.
Chionis jnmor, Hartlaub, Rev. Zool. 1841, p. 5; [Sharpe, riiil.
Trans, extra vol. 168, p. 2 (187!)).
The Lesseii Sheathbill.
Hab. Kerguelcn and ( Jrozette Islands.
* Cf. Shufeldt, Journ. Auat. ."t Phys., Oct. LSUO (%. of .skuH).
t Suborder Chionides, Sharpe, Eevie^v, p. 72. Cf. also Stejneger, Stand.
Nat. Hist., Birds, ]>. 92.
I Cf. Shufeldt, .louru. Anat. & Pliys., July 1871 (plates of the bones of
skeleton, and dtscriptious).
TniKOCORTD.E. 341
1693. sternum, with shouldcr-oinllc. From tlio (*rozette
Lsliinds. IS. S. 1718.
Presented Inj l\ L. Sdafer, Esq., F.R.S.
Family THINOCOKIDiK *.
A. Palate .schizognathous.
B. Nasals liolorliinal.
(J. Basi{)tery(;oid processes absent.
D, The vomer broad and anteriorly rounded.
E. Spinal feather-tract forked on the upper back.
Genus THINOCORUS.
Eschscholtz, Zool. Atlas, Heft i. pi. ii. (ISoiiJ.
Thinocorus rumicivorus.
Thinocorus rumicivorus, Eschscholtz, ut suprti ; Sclater & Hudaou,
Argent. Oru. ii. p. 176 (188i)).
The Common Seed- Snipe.
Hab. Western Peru to Chili and Argentina.
1694. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1715.
Presented hij P, L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Family GLAREOLIDiE f.
Genus GLAREOLA.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 141 (17(50).
Glareola pratincola.
Ilirundo pratiiicola, LinuiBus, iSjst. xs\it. i. p. 345 (1766).
Glareola firaiincola, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 256(1888).
The Collared Pratincole.
Hid). C-entral and Southern Europe, to Africa and N.W.India.
1695. Skeleton (toes defective). O.C.1o47a. Yar veil Collection.
* Suborder Attayides, Sharpe, Review, p. 72.
+ = Suborder Glareolce, Sharpe. Review, p. 73.
342 GALLO-GRALL^.
Family (EDICNEMID^ *.
Genus CSDICNEMUS.
Temminck, Man. d'Orn. p. 321 (1815).
CEdicnemus oedicnemus.
Chararlrms cedicnemu<i , Linnaeus, Syst. i^at. i. p. 255 (1768).
(Edicnemus scohpax, B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 155 (1883).
The Stone-Curlew or Thick-knee.
Hob. Central and Southern Europe, North Africa, and Asia
as far as India.
1696. Skeleton. 0. C. 1347 g. Purchased.
CTIdicnemus capensis.
(Edicnemus capensis, Lichtenstcin, Vcrz. Doubl. p. G9 (1823) ;
Seebohm, Geogr. Distrib. Charadr. p. 81 (1888).
The South-Afeican Stone-Curlew.
Hah. South and East Africa.
1697. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1015. Purchased.
Edicnemus grallarius.
Charadrius grcdlarius, Latham, Ind. Orn., SuppL i. p. Ixvi (1801).
(Edicnemus grallcmus (Lath.), Secbohm, Geogr. Distrib. Charadr.
p. 83 (1888).
The Australian Stone-Curlew.
Hah. Australia.
1698. Sternuui, with right coracoid, scapula, and fui'cula. S. S.
Hiver, N. S. Wales.
Presented hy Dr. E. P. Pamsay.
182(). From Clarence liiver, N, S. AV^ales.
* = Suborder (Edienemi, Sharpe, Review, p. 73. Cf. Forbes, Ibis, 1881,
p. 4.
J'ARrUDiE.
343
Sulumler II. LIMKOLM*.
A. Palate scliizognatlious.
B. Ba.siptorygoid processes present.
C. Dorsal vertebrae opisthocffilous.
D. Spinal feather -tract forked on the u]»j.er back.
Ventral aspect of crauium of C/iaradrinx p/una/is:. (Letters a.s before.)
Family PARRID.E.
Genus PARRAt.
Linnaeus, Sj'st. Xat. i. ]). 25!) (17GG).
Parra jacana.
Parra jitcana, Linneeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 252 (17GG) ; Sclatcr &
Salvin, Nomencl. Av. Ncotrop. j). 142 (1S73).
The Brazilian Jacana.
Ilab. South America.
1699. Skeleton. 0. (J. 1288. South Collection.
Parra gallinacea.
Parra fjaUinacen, Temminck, I'l. Cul. v. pL 4(54 (1828) ; Gould,
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 330 (1865).
Tee Australian Jacana.
Hah. Eastern Australia.
* Cf. Charaflri(formes, Sharpe, Review, p. 72. Cf. Shufeldt, A uk, v. p. .330.
t Cf. Forbes, P. Z. S. 1881, p. (J43.
344 GALL0-GRALL2E.
Parra gallinacea.
1700. S'terniim of yonng male. S. S. 904. From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Family CHARADRIID^.
Genus PLUVIANUS.
Vieillot, Analyse, p. 55 (1816).
Pluvianus aegyptius.
Chnradr'ms cegyptius, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 254 (1766).
Pluvianus cegyptius., Shelloy, B. Eg3-pt, p. 234 (1872).
The Black-headed Plover.
Hah. Eoypt and Nubia.
1701. Sternum. From Egypt.
Presented hy Prof. Floioer, F.R.S.
1702. Sternum, with shoukler-girdle. S. S. 2595.
Preseided hy Prof. Flo^oer, F.R.S.
Genus CHARADRIUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 253 (1766).
Charadrius pluvialis.
Charadrins plnvicdis, Linnaeus, iSyst. Nat. i. p. 254 (1766);
Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 235 (1872) ; Seebolim, Hist. Brit. B. iii.
p. 35 (1885).
The Golden Plover.
Hah. Europe, Western Siberia, and Africa.
1703. Skeleton. 0. C. 1347 b. Yarrell Collection.
1704. Skeleton. 0. C. 1347 b a. From tJie Zoological Society.
1705. Skulk 0. 0.1347 F. Purchased.
1706. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 21(i5.
From the Zoological Society.
CHAIJADRIID/E. 345
Genus SQUATAROLA.
Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm, & Eirds, p. 29 (181 G).
Squatarola helvetica.
Tringa helvetica., Liniueus, Syst. Xul. i. p. 252 (170G).
Charadrius helvdicus, Seebohm, Gcogr.Dist. Charadr. p. 102 (1888).
The Grey Plover.
Hah. The northern portions of both hemispheres, wintering
in the south.
1707. Sternum, with right coracoidj scapula, and t'urcula. S. S.
^Q'l. Purchased.
Genus OREOPHILUS.
Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 537 (1844).
Oreophilus totanirostris.
Oreophilus totanirostris, Jardiue & Selby, 111. Orn. iii. pi. 151
(1835).
Charadrius totanii-ostris, 8eehohxa, Geogr. Distrib. Charadr. p. Ill
(1888).
The Slender-billed Dottrel.
Ilab. South America.
1708. Sternum, with shoulde-girdle. S. S. 1717. Purchased.
Genus ERYTHROGONYS.
Gould, Proc. Zool. See. 1837, p. 155.
ESrythrogonys rufiventer.
Erythrogonys cinctus (nee Less.), Gould, P. Z. S. 1837, p. 155.
Vanellus rufiventer. Less. Echo du Monde Savant, 1844, p. 207.
Charadrius rufiventris, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 108
pL iii. (1888).
The E/ED-heeled Dottrel.
Hab. Austraha.
1709. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
346 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus ^GIALITIS.
Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 558.
^gialitis hiaticula.
Charadrius Jiiaticida, Linneeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 253 (170(i);
Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 20 (1885).
The E/INged Plover.
IJah. Europe, wintering- in Africa.
1710. Skeleton. 0.0.1347 a. Yavrell ColU'ction.
^gialitis wilsonia.
Charadrius wilsonia, Ord ; Wilson, Urn. ix. p. 77, pi. 73. fig. 5
(1814).
^fjialitis tvilsonia, A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 103 (1886).
Wilson's Plover.
Ilah. North and South America.
1711. Sternum. Presented hy the Smf'thson/'an Jnst/tnf/on.
^gialitis vocifera.
Charadrius vociferus, Linnccus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 253 (176G).
^gialitis vociferus (L.), A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 101 (18S6).
The Kildeer Plover.
Hah. North America, migrating south in winter.
1712. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Jamaica.
Gosse Collection.
1713. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1244.
Presented hy the Smithsonian Institution.
.Sgialitis nigrifrons.
Charadrius nif/rlfro7is, Temm. PL Col. v. p]. 47. fig. 1 (1823, ex
Cuvier) ; Sccbohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 138 (1888).
The Black-fronted Plover.
Ilah. Australia.
CnAHADRIlD.T:. 347
1714. St(M-niiin of male, with shoiildcr-^irdle. S. S.il37. From
(Jlurence Uiver, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsaij).
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus LOBIVANELLUS.
Strickland, Proc. Zool. Soc. iti-i'l, p. 33.
Lobivanellus lobatus.
Trinfjn lohaia, Latham, Iiul. Orn., Suppl. p. Ixv (IROl).
Lobivanellus lohatus, Secbohm, Gcogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 100
(1888).
The Australian Wattled Lapwing.
Hah. Australia.
1715. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
921. Presented Inj P. L. Sclater, Es<j., F.R.S.
Lobivanellus pectoralis.
Cliaradrius pectoralis, Wagler, Syst. Av., Charadrius, sp. 8(1827).
Lobivanellus pectoralis, Seebohm, Gcogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 200
(1888).
The Black-breasted Wattled Lapwing.
Ilah. Australia.
1716. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1364 {E. P.
Ramsay). Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Lobivanellus indicus.
Tringa indica, Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl. p. 50 (1873).
Parra goensis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. ii. p. 706 (1788).
Lobivanellus indicus (Eodd.), Seebohm, Gcogr. Distr. Charadr.
p. 184 (1888).
The E-ed-wattled Lapwing.
Hah. India.
1717. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1856. From Nepal.
Presented by B. 11. Hodgson, Esq.
348 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus VANELLUS.
Brisson, Oru. v. p. 04 (1700).
Vanellus vanellus.
Trinr/a vanellus, Liunaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 248 (17G6).
Vanellus cristatus, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. -57 (1885).
The Common Lapwing.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia.
1718. Skull. 0. C. 1B47 e a. Purchased.
1719. Skull. 0. C. 1347 e. Purcliased.
Genus HOPLOPTERUS.
Bonaparte, Saggio Distr. Met. p. 56 (1831).
Hoplopterus spinosus.
Charadmis spinosus, Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 256 (1766).
Vanellus sjnnosits, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 219 (1
The Egyptian Spur-winged Plover.
Hah. Africa, wandering occasionally into Southern Europe.
1720. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2594. From
■^SyP^* Presented hy Sir Victor Brooke, Bart.
Hoplopterus ventralis.
Charadrius ventralis, Wagler, Syst. Av., Charadrius, sp. 11 (1827).
Vanellus ventralis, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 227
(1888).
The Indian Spur-winged Plover.
Hah. India and China.
1721. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1855. From Nepal.
V resented hy B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
CHARADRIID^. 349
Genus STREPSILAS *.
Illigcr, Prodroraus, p. "JO'S (ISll).
Strepsilas interpres.
lYiivja interpres, Linnasus, Sjst. Nat. i. p. 248 (176(3).
Charadriiis interpres, Soebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 12 (1885).
The Common Turnstone.
Ildli. The shores of the southei'n })ortions of hoth hemispheres.
1722. tSkeleton (toes wiioting;. 0. C. lo4(J B.
Yarvell Collection.
Genus H-ffiMATOPUS.
Liniueus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 2.'37 (1700).
Hsematopus ostralegus.
Hatnatopas oatralegus, Liunieus, 8}st. Xat. i. p. 257 (1700);
Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 4 (1885).
The Common Oyster-catcher.
Hah. Europe.
1723. Skeleton. 0. C. 1344. South Collection.
1724, 1725. Skeletons. 0. C. 1344 a, 1344 c. Iluntenan,
1726. ►Skeleton (toes defective). 0.0. 1344 b. Yarrell Collection.
1727. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C 1344 D. Some of the bones
mounted in the Separate Series. Ilunterian.
1728. Skull, wanting (puulrate bones and pterygoids. 0. C. 1345.
Ilunterian.
1729. Skull. S. S. 1730. Stores.
1730. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
•2032. Stores.
1731. Pelvis. S. S. 1342. Stores.
* Cf. Shul'eklt, Jouni. Mdiph. ii. pj). oll-MoiS, pi. l'o ('M))! tin; Allinitiea
of Aphrizu viryata''). Cf. also Sliuleldt, Auli, vi. p. 185 ; Lucas, t. c. p. lUU.
350
GALLO-GRALL^.
Haematopus palliatus.
Hcemaiojms jKiUiatits, Temm. Man. d'Orn. ii. p, 532 (1S20).
Hab. Temperate and tropical coasts of North America to
South America.
1732. Sternum of female (Sm. no. 6769).
Presented hy the Smitlisonian Institution.
Haematopus fuliginosus.
Hcematojnts fidi(jinosus,(JiOiild, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 217 (1865).
The Sooty OYSTEn-CATcnER.
Ilab. Southern Australia and Tasmania.
1733. Skeleton. 0. C. 1344 e. Gould Collection.
1734. Dried head. 0. C. 1346. Ilunterian.
1735. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Gardens.
Family SCOLOPACID^.
Genus RECURVIROSTRA.
Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 250 (176G).
Recurvirostra avocetta.
liecurvirostra avocetta, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 256 (1766).
Ilimantopas avocetta (L.), Secbohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 74(1885).
The Common Avocet.
Hah. Temperate and Tropical portions of Europe, Asia, and
Africa.
1736. Skeleton. South Collection.
1737. 1738. Skulls, with horny sheaths to the mandibles. 0. C.
1289 B, 1289 c.
Recurvirostra rubricollis.
Recurvirostra ri'.bricollis, Temmiuck, Man. d'Orn. ii, p. 592 (1820) ;
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 249 (1865).
The Ued-necked Avocet.
JIah. Southern Australia.
SCOLOrACID.E. 351
1739. Skeleton. From Western Australia. 0.(j. 1289 a.
Gould Collection.
1740. Sternum of female, with ri;iilit coracoid, scapula, and
furcuhi. S. S. 1363.
Presented h/ P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus CLADORHYNCHUS.
Gray, List Gen. liirds, p. GO (1S40).
Cladorhynchus pectoralis.
Lejiforhijnchus pectoralis, Dubus, Bull, Koy. Acad. Sci. Brux. ii.
p. 4l^U, pi. 7 (183.5).
Cladorhynchus pectomUs, Gould, Handb. B. Austr, ii. p. 248 (1865).
The Banded Stilt.
lied). Western and Southern portions of Australia.
1741. Skeleton. 0. C. 1290 b.
Genus HIMANTOPUS.
Brisson, Urn. v. p. 33 (1700).
Himantopus leucocephalus.
I/iiiHiiitojms leucocephnlus, Gould, P. Z.S. 1837, p. "JC> ; id. Handb,
B. Austr. ii, p. 246(1805),
The White-headed Stilt.
/led'. Australia.
1743. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Clarence
Kiver, Austi-alia. 0. C. 1290 A.
Presented Inj Dr. E. P. Ramsay.
1743. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdh;. S. S. 922.
From Clarence River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsay).
Presented by P. L. Sclafer, Esq., F.R.S.
352 GALLO-GRALL^.
Himantopus himantopus.
' CTiaradrius himantojJiis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. j). !^55 (17()6).
Himantopus melanopteriis, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 277
(188S).
The Common Stilt.
Hah. Southern Europe, Africa, Temperate and Tropical Asia.
1744. Skeleton. 0. C. 121H). Brookes Collection.
1745. Skeleton: mounted. O. C 12L>1. South Collection.
1746. Skull. 0. C. 1291 a.
Genus PHALAROPUS.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 12(1766).
Phalaropus hyperboreus.
Tringa hyperhorea, Linnaius, 8yst. Xat. i. p. 249(1756),
Phalaropus hi/perboreus (L.), Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 89
(1885).
The E-ed-necked Phalarope.
Hah. Northern Europe, Northern Asia, and North America,
wintering southward.
1747. Skeleton (damaged;. O. C. A. 1300 a. Yarrell Collection.
Phalaropus fulicarius.
Tringa fulkaria, Linnajus, Syst. Nat, i. p. 249 (1766).
Phalaropius fulicarius, Seebohm, Googr. Distr. Charadr. p. 339
(1888).
The Grey Phalarope.
Hah. Northern Europe and North America, migrating south
in winter.
1748. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. lo97. Purcliased,
SCOLOPACID.E. 353
Genus SCOLOPAX.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 2U2 (1700).
Scolopax rasticxila.
Scclopax rusticula, Linnaeus, Syst. Zs^at. i. p. 243(1700); B. 0. U.
List Brit. B. p. 105 (1883).
Scolopax rusticola, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 231 (1885).
The Common Woodcock.
Hah. Europe and XortLern Asia, wintering to the southward.
1749. Skeleton : mounted. O.C 1292 b. YarrM Collection.
1750. Skull. 0. C. 1292G. Purchased.
1751. Cranium. 0. 0. 1292 H. . Stores.
1752, 1753. Sternum and sacrum. 0. C. 1292 c, 1292 d.
Ihinterian.
Genus PHILOHELA.
Gray, List Gen. B. 1811, p. 9U.
Philohela minor *.
Scolopax minor, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. pt. 2, p. 001 (1788),
Philohela minor (Gm,), A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 147
(1880).
The American Woodcock.
Hab. North America.
1754. Sternum. 0. C. 1292 x.
Presented hjj the Smithsonian Tnstitution.
1755. Sternum, with right and left coracoids and furcula. S. S.
995. Presented hij P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* Cf. Shufeldt, Journ. Anat. & Phvs., Oct. 1884 (description and figure
of skull).
FART III. 2 A
354 GALLO-GRALL.E.
Genus GALLINAGO.
Leach, S^st. Cat. Mamm. & Birds Brit. Mus. p. 31 (181G).
Gallinago gallinula.
Scolopacc gallinula, Linua3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 244 (176G) ; Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 247(1885).
The Jack Snipe.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering to the sonth.
1756. Skull of male. Germany. Pwchased.
1757. Skull. 0. C. 1292 e. Purchased.
Gallinago australis.
ScoJopax australis, Latham, Ind. Orn., Suppl. p. Ixiv (1801),
Gallmago australis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 271 (1865).
The New-Holland Snipe.
Hah. Australia.
1758. Skull. 0. C. 1292. From Tasmania. Gcndd Collection.
1759. Sternum of female. From Clarence River, N. S. Wales.
0. C. 1292 M. Presented hy Dr. E. P. Ramsaij.
Gallinago delicata *.
Scolopax delicata, Ord ; Wils. Am. Orn. ix. p. ccxviii (1825).
Gallinago delicata (Ord), Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 232 (1889).
Wilson's Snipe.
Hah. North America, wintering in the West Indies and
Northern South America.
1760. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Jamaica. 0. C.
1292 0. Gosse Coll.
Gallinago gallinago.
Scolopax (jallinago, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 244 (176(3) ; See-
bohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 241 (] 885).
The Common Snipe.
* Cf. Shufeldt, .loinn. Auat. cS: Phys., Oct. 1884 (description and figure
.,fslniil).
scoLOPACiD^-:. 355
Hah. Nortliern Europe and NortluM-ii Asia, Avinteriiig sourli-
ward ; occurring also in Greenland and tJie Bermudas.
1761. Skeleton. 0. C. 121»2 f. Purchased.
1762. Skeleton. 0. C. 1292. South Collection.
1763. Sternum, with right and left coracoids and fureula. S. S.
:»i»!>. Presented hy P. L. Sclufer, Esq., F.P.S.
Gallinago megala.
GalUnar/o megala, Swiiihoe, Ibis, ISGl, p. 340; David et Oust.
Ois. Chin. p. 477(1877).
Swinhoe's Snipe.
Hah. South-east Siheria, wintering in ( "hina.
1764. Skeleton of male. From Shanghai. 0. G. 1292 P.
Presented l>y Consul Smnhoe, F.P.S.
Genus RHYNCH-ffiA.
Cuvier, Regne Animal, i. p. 487 (1S17).
Rhynchsea capensis.
Scolopax capensis, Linnwus, Syst. Js'at, i. p. 246 (1760).
Eht/)icha;a capensis, Sharpc, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 679 (1884).
The African Painted Snipe.
Hal). Southern Asia.
1765. Skeleton. O.G 1292 a. Yarrell Collection.
Rh3nichsea australis.
lihj/ncJiara australis, Guuld, I'roc. Zool. Soc, 1837, p. 155 ; See-
bohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 459 (1888).
The Australian Painted Snipe.
Ifal>. Australia.
1766. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 942. From
Glareuce River, N. S. Wales (P. P. Ramsay).
Presented l>y P. L. Sclater, Esq.. F.R.S.
2 A 2
356 GALLO-GRALL.K.
Genus TRINGA.
Brisson, Orn. v, p. 177 (17^50).
Tringa crassirostris.
Tringa crassirostris, Temminck & Schlegel, Faun. Japon,, Aves,
p. 107, pi. 64 (1840-50) ; David et Oust. Ois. Chin. p. 468
(1877).
The Japanese Knot.
ffab. Japan, China, and the Kurile Islands.
1767. Skeleton of female. From Shanghai. 0. C. 1300 f.
Presented by Consul Swinhoe, F.R.S.
Tringa alpina.
Tringa aTpina, Linntcus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 249 (1766) ; Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 185(1885).
The Dunlin.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia and North America, winter-
ing to the southward.
1768. Skeleton. O.C.I 299 b. Tar veil Collection.
1769. Skull. 0. C. 1300 e. Purchased.
1770. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S, S. 2052.
From the Zoological Society.
Tringa canutus.
Tringa canutus, Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 251 (1766); Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 174 (1885).
The Knot.
Hah. Arctic Regions of the Old and New Worlds, wintering in
South America, Africa, and Australia.
1771. Natural skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1300 c.
From the Zoological Society's Gardens, 1885.
scoLOPACiD/^i:. 357
1772. Skull. 0. (I 1300 D. Purchased,
1773. Stern uin_, with right coracoiJ, scapula, and furcula, S. S.
1395. Purchased.
Tringa maritima.
Tringa nuiritima, Gmclin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 678 (1788) ; Seebohm,
Hist. Erit. '^. iii. p. 192 (1885).
The Purple Sandpiper.
IJah. North America, Northern Europe, and Northern Asia.
1774. Skeleton. O.C. 1299 a. Yarr ell Collection,
Genus MACHETES.
Cuvier, Regne Animal, i. p. 490 (1817).
Machetes pugnax.
Tringa puffaax, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat, i. p. 240 (1776).
Totanus pugnax, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 113 (1885).
The Ruff.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering in India and
Africa.
1775. Skeleton. " Reeve." 0. C. 1296 a.. Yarrell Collection.
1776. Skeleton (toes defective). "Ruff." 0. C. 1226.
South Collection,
nil. Skeleton. 0. C. 1296 D. Purchased.
1778, 1779. Skeletons (incomplete). 0. C. 1296 e. llunterian.
1780, 1781. Skulls of male and female. 0. C. 1296 b, 1296 C.
Received in exchange.
1782. Sternum, viih shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1018. Purchased.
358 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus CALIDRIS.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 226 (1885).
Calidris arenarla.
Trinya urcnar'ui, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 251 (1766).
Calidris arenarla, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 221 (1885).
The Sanderling.
Hob. Arctic Kegions of the Old and New Worlds, wintering in
the Southern Regions of both hemispheres.
1783. Skeleton. 0. C. 1346 a. Tarvell Collection.
1784. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle. S. S. 139(i. Purchased.
Genus TRINGOIDES.
Bonaparte, Saggio Distr. Metod. Au. Vert. p. 58 (1831 j.
Tringoides hypoleucus.
Tringa hypoleucus, Linnaeus, Sxst. Nat. i. p. 250 (1766).
Totanus hypoleucxis, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 117 (1885).
The Common Sandpiper.
IJah. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering southward in
India, Africa, and Austraha.
1785. Skeleton. O.C. 1300 a. Yarrell Collection.
1786. Skeleton. 0. ('. 1300 b. Yarrell Collection.
1787. Skull. 0. C. 1300. Presented by Dr. Leach.
1788. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2422.
Presented Inj P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
SCOLOPACIDvE. 359-
Genus TOTANUS.
Cuvier, Lecons Auat. Comp. i. table 2 (1800),
Totanus canescens.
Scolojuix canescens, Gmelin, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 688 (1788).
Totanus glottis, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 149 (1885),
The Greenshank,
Ilab. Europe and Northern Asia, wintering south in Africa,
India, and Austraha.
1789. tSternuni, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left scapula. From
Nepal. Presented hy B. 11. Hodgson, Esq.
1790. Sternuni, with shoulder-girdle. S. S, 1853. From Nepal.
Presented by B. H. Hodgson, Esq.
Totanus glareola.
Tringa glareola, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p, 149 (1766),
Totanus glareola, Seebohm, Hist, Brit. B. iii. p. 132 (1885),
The Wood-Sandpiper.
ll(d>. Northern Europe and Northern Asia, wintering south
in Africa, India, and Australia.
1791. 1792, Skeletons (one with digits separately mounted J, 0, (J.
1299 C, From Shanghai,
Presented hy Consul Sicinhoe, F.P.S.
Totanus calidris.
Scolopax calidris, Linnaeus, Syst, Nat. i. p, 245 (1766).
Totanus calidris, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 140 (1885),
The Common Eedshank.
Hah. Northern Europe and Northern Asia, wintering south-
ward in India and the Indo-Malayan Islands,
1793. Skull of male. From Germany, Purchased.
1794. Sternum, witli right coracoid, scajjula, and furcnla. S, S.
863. rnrchaml.
360 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus LIMOS^.
Erisson, Orn. v. p. 2(31 (1700).
Limosa lapponica.
/Scolo/icLv lapponica, Linnaeus, Sj'st. Nat. i. p. 246 (17(36).
Limosa lapponica, B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 177 (1883).
The Bar-tailed Godwit.
[laL. Northern Europe, extending southwards in winter to
Senegambia and North-western India.
1795. Skeleton (toes defective). 0. C. 1297. South Colled /'on.
1796. Skeleton. 0. C. 1297 b. Yarrell Collection.
1797. Skull. 0. C. 1298. Purchased.
1798. Skull. O.C.I 298 A. Purchased.
Limosa uropygialis.
Limosa urojrt/fjialis, Gould, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1848, p. 38.
Limosa rufa uropygialis, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr, Cbaradr. p. 387
(1888).
The Siberian Bar-tailed Godwit.
Hah. Eastern Asia, wintering in the Malayan Archipelago
and Australia.
1799. 1800. Skeletons of females. 0. C. 1298 B, 1298 c. From
Shanghai. Presented hy Consid Sicinhoe, P.E.S.
Limosa segocephala.
Scolopax (er/cccphala, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i, p. 246 (1766).
Limosa o'f/ocephala (L.), B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 178 (1883).
The Black-tailed Godwit.
JIab. Europe, Asia, North Austraha, and Northern Africa.
1801. Skeleton (toes defective). 0. C. 1297 A.
Yarn'U Collection.
SCOLorAClD/K. 3H]
1802. Sternum, witli sliouUler-girdle. S. S. 1854. F'rom Nopal.
Presented by B. II. Jlodr/son, Es<j.
1803. St«u-nuni J with right coracoid, scapula, and fiircula. S. S.
1394. Purchased.
Genus NUMENIUS *.
Urisson, Orn. v. p. 311 (17G0).
Numenius phseopus.
Scolopax phceoincs, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. jj. 243 (176(>).
Numenius phceopus (L.), B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 179 (1883).
The WhIxMBREL.
Hah. Europe, Asia, and Africa.
1804. Skeleton (ribs defective). 0. C. 1 294 A. YarreU Collection.
1805. Skull. 0. C. 1294. Purchased.
Numenius variegatus.
'Tantalus iiariegatus, Scopoli, DeL Faun, et Flor. Insubr. ii. p. 92
(1786).
Numenius phceopus variegatus, Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr.
p. 330 (1888).
The Eastern Whimbrel.
Hah. Eastern Asia, wintering in India, the Malayan Archi-
pelago, and Australia.
1806. Skeleton of female. From Shanghai. 0. C. 1294 a a.
Pi'esented by Consul Swinhoe, P.R.S.
Numenius minutus.
Numenius minutus, Gould, P. Z. S. 1840, p. 176 ; David ct Oust.
Ois. Chin. p. 458 (1877).
The Little Whimbrel.
Hah. China and Japan.
1807, 1808. Skeletons of male and female. From Shanghai. 0. C.
1294 b, 1294 c. Presented by Consul Sicinhoe, F.R.S.
* Cf. Shufcldt, .Tourn. Anat. vt I'liyt;. xix. p. ol [Xumcniui^ bnujirostrisX
362
GALLO-GKALL.f;.
Numenius arcuatus.
Scolopax arcuaia, Liuna3us, Sj'st. Xat. i. p. 242 (1766).
Numenius arquata, B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 179 (1883).
The Common Curlew.
]fab. Euro})e, Asia, and Africa.
1809, 1810. Skeletons. 0. C. 1293 a, 1293 c. Iluntenan.
1811. Skull. O.C. 1293 b. Stores, U^^.
1812, 1813. Skulls. 0. C. 1293 d, e. Purchased.
1814. HyoiJeau arch.
1815. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. (J. 1293 F.
Stores, 1868.
1816. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
1817. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented by B. 11. Hodgson, Esq.
1818. Sternum, w'ith right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1745. Stores.
Genus IBIDORHYNCHUS.
Vigors, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 174.
Ibidorhynchus struthersi.
Ibidorhynclius struthersi. Vigors, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 174.
The Red-billed Curlew.
Hah. Central Asia and China^ ranging to the Himalayas.
1819. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1852. From Nepal.
Presented by B. H. Tfodgson, Esq.
(iKUID^:.
363
Suborder III. GRALLjE.
[C/. Seebohm, Classif. E. p. 39.]
A. Maxillo-palatines not coalesced with each other or with the
vomer.
B. Nasals schizorhinai.
Vj. Dorsal vertebra? heterocoelous.
D. Deep plantar tendon, if it reaches the hallux, proceediu"; from
i\iQ flexor' longus hallucis and not from the flexor perforans
dlgitorum.
E. Young, when hatched, covered with down, and able to run
in a few hours.
Family GRUID^ *.
Genus GRUS t.
Pallas, Miscell Zool. p. (JG (176G).
Grus cinerea.
Gnis cinerea, Bechsteiu, Xaturg. Ueutschl. iv. p. 103 (1809) ;
Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 570 (1884).
The Common Crane.
Hah. Europe and Northern Asia, migrating in winter to
North Africa and Southern Asia.
1820. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1290.
South Collection.
1821. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and ribs (wanting left
scapula), and with wall of sternum removed to show-
trachea in situ. 0. C 1342. Purchased.
1822. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and trachea comj)lete, as
well as the hyoidean arch. 0. C. 1334 A.
From the Zoological Society.
1823. Sternum and furcula. 0. C. 1322. Ihinterian.
* —Grups, 8harpc, Review, p. 74.
t Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mus. p. 160 (1801).
364 GALLO-GRALL^.
Grus antigone>'
Ardea antigone, Linmeus, Syst. Nat. i. p, 235 (1766).
Grus antigone (L.), Gates, B. Brit, Burm. ii. p. 354 (1883).
The Sarus Crane.
Ilah. The whole of India, the Indo-Burinese countries, Siam,
and Cochin China.
1824. Cranium. 0. C. 1321 a.
1825. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (the left side of keel re-
moved, to show convolutions of trachea). 0. C. 1332.
1826. Sternum, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1334.
Hunterian.
1827. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle (wanting scapula), with
lower part of trachea. 0. C. 1329 b.
Presented by W. B. Tegetineier, Esq.
1828. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and part of trachea, of
young bird. 0. C. 1330.
Presented by Sir Everard Home, F.R.S.
1829. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, and trachea In situ. S. S.
1823. From the Zoological Society.
1830. Sternum. 0. C. 1329 a. Stores, 1868.
1831. Dorsal vertebras, sternum with shoulder-girdle, and pelvis.
0. C. 1331.
1832. Bones (various). 0. C. 1321-1329. Hunterian.
Grus carunculata.
Ardea carunctdata, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 6-i3 (1788).
Grits caruncidata, Finscli & Hartl. Vcig. Ostafr. p. 670 (1870) ;
Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Afr. p. 626 (1884).
The Wattled Crane.
Hab. Africa generally,
1833. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and with trachea in sit7i.
From South Africa. O. C. 1342 a.
From the Zoological Society^
GRUID.T:. 365
Grus canadensis.
Ardea canadensis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 234 (IT'JO).
Grus canadensis (L.), A. O. U. Check-list Am. 13. p. V.V,) (ISSf!).
The Little Brown Cra.ne.
Hah. North America.
1834. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and trachea in situ. S. S.
2434. From the Zoological Society.
Genus TETRAPTERYX.
Thunberg, Kongl, Yetensk. Ak. Haiidling-tir, Stockholm, 181S, p. 242.
Tetrapteryx paradisea.
Ardea paradisca, Lichtensteiu, Cat. Ker. jSat. llariss. Hamb. p. 28
(1793).
Grus 2:)aradisea (Licht.), Finsch & Hartl. Vog. Ostafr. p. G71
(1870).
Anthropoides paradisea (Licht.), Sharpe, ed. Layard's B. 8. Afr.
p. 628 (1884).
Stanley's Crane.
Hah. Africa.
1835. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and with trachea, of female
bird. 0. C. 1334 b. Purchased.
1836. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle and part of trachea. 0. C.
1334 C. Presented hy W. B. Tegetmeier, Esq.
Genus ANTHROPOIDES.
VieiUot, Analyse, p. 59 (1816).
Anthropoides virgo.
Ardea virgo, Linnteus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 234 (17G0).
Grus virgo, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 575 (1884).
The Demoiselle Crane.
Hah. Southern Europe and Central Asia, wintering in India
and Northern Africa.
1837. Skull. 0. C. 1340. Presented hy Dr. heach.
366 GALI.O-aitALL.T:.
Genus BALEARICA.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 511 (ITGD).
Balearica pavonina.
Ardea ixivonina, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 23!) (176(j).
Gr us pavonina^ Finsch & Hartl. Vcig. O.stafr. p. GG7 (1870).
The Common Crowned Crane.
Hah. Northern Africa.
1838. Skeleton. 0. C. 1335 a. Stores, 1868.
1839. Articulated skeleton (some ribs missing). 0. C. 1335.
South Collection.
1840. Skull. 0. C. 1336. Presented by Dr. Leach.
1841. Dried bead. 0. ('. 1338.
Presented hi/ ]V. Bullock, Esq.
1842. Skull, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1337. Purchased.
1843. Skull. From the Upper Nile. 0. C. 1337 a.
Presented hi/ Dr. Murie.
1844. Sternum, with slioulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 992.
Presented hij P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Balearica chrysopelargus.
Ardea chri/sopelarr/iis, Lichtenstein, Cat. Rer. Nat. Rariss. Hamb.
p. 29 (1793).
Balearica chrysopehn/tts (Licht.), Sharpe, ed. La3ard's 13. 8. Afr.
p. 629 (1884).
The Southern Crowned Crane.
Ilah. South Africa.
1845. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1308. From the Zoological Sociefij.
RHINOCHETin.i-:. 3t)
Family ARAMIDiE *.
Genus ARAMUS.
Yieillot, Analyse, p. oS (1810).
Aramus scolopaceus +.
Ardea scolopacea, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. i. p. 617 (1788).
Aramus scolopaceus (Gm.), Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. Xeotrop.
p. 141 (1873).
The South-American Limpkin.
Hah. Guiana, Amazonia, and Brazil.
1846. Stei'uum, with right coracoid. S. S. 1008. Purchased.
Family RHINOCHETIDiE $.
Genus RHINOCHETUS.
Sclater, Ibis, 18G1, p. 137.
Rhinochetus jubatus§.
WiinocJietus jubatas, Vcrreaux & 0. Des !Murs, Kev. et Mag. de
Zool. 1860, p. 440, t. 21 ; E. L. & L. C. Layard, Ibis, 1877,
p. 362.
The Kagu.
Hab. New Caledonia
1847. Skeleton. A. 1318 a. Presented h>/ Dr. G. Dennett.
1848. Ilyoid arch. A. 1318 a. Presented hy Dr. G. Bennett.
* =Arami, Sharpe, Review, p. 74.
t ty. Garrod, P. Z. S. 1876, p 27o; Forbes, Ibia, 1881, p. 2-3.
X = lihinochetides, Sharpe, Review, p. 74.
§ Cf. Parker, P. Z. S. 1864, p. 70 : id. Trnns. Zool. Soc. vi. p..')01 : Forbes,
P. Z.S. 18<:>, p. 271.
368 GALL0-GRALL.1-',.
^uhordevlY. If EMIPODJf*.
[Cf. Sharpe, Review, p. 69.]
A. Maxillo-palutines not coalesced with each other or with tlie
vomer.
B. Nasals sehizorhinal.
C. Dorsal vertebrae heterocoelous.
D. Sternum with a deep notch on either side of the posterior
margin.
E. Oil-gknd tufted.
F. Spinal bare tract not reaching to the neck, though the three
other tracts do so.
G. A well-developed episternum, receiving the stm-nal ends of
the coracoids, but not perforated.
Genus TURNIX.
Bonnaterre, Tabl. Encycl. Method, i. pp. Ixxxii, 5(1790).
Turnix velox.
Hemipodius veloa-, Gould, P. Z. 8. 1840, p. 150.
Turnix velox, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 184 (1865).
The Swift-flying Hemipode.
Hah. Australia.
1849. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. Palmer, N. S.
Wales (E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 947.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Turnix maculatus.
Turnix maculatus, Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxxv. p. 47
(1819) ; David et Oust. Ois. Chin. p. 398 (1877).
The Spotted Hemipode.
Hah. China.
1850. Skeleton. From (-hefoo. 0. C. 1423 a.
Presented hy Consul Swinhoe, F.R.S.
* Cf. Huxlej, Proc. Zool. See. 1868, p. 303; Parker, Trans. Zool. Soc. ix.
1*. r,, pp. 289-352, pi. liv. Also Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 39.
PTRKOCLETRS. 369
Turnix varius.
ITemipodius varius, Temminck, PI. Col. v. pi, 454, fig. 1 (1828).
Turnix varius, Gould, Handb. li. Austr, ii. p. I7!J (1865).
The Varied Hemipode.
Ifuh. Australia and Tasmania.
1851. Natural skeleton. 0. V. 1423. Gould Colled i,m.
Genus PEDIONOMUS.
Gould, P. Z. S. 184U, p. 114.
Pedionomus torquatus.
PecUonomus torquatus, Gould, Proc. Zool. See. 1840, )». 114; id.
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 187(1865).
The Collared Plain-Wanderer.
ITah. Southern Australia.
1852, 1853. Skeletons. 0. C. A. 1355 a, b. Stores, 18(18.
Suborder V. PTEROCLETES* .
\Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 39.]
A. Maxillo-palatines not coalesced with each other or with the
vomer.
B. Nasals schizorhinal.
C. Dorsal vertebra} heterocoelous.
D. Sternum with two notches on each side of the posterior
margin.
* =Pt€rochinorph(e, Iluxlej^, Proc. Zool. Soc. 18(58, p. 303. = Suborder
Pterncletes, Sharpe, Review, p. 09(1891). C,'/". .also Stejneger, Stand. Nat.
Hist., Birds, p. 23o.
I'Ain- 111. 2 b
370 GALLO-GRALL.f:.
Genus SYRRHAPTES.
Illiger, Prodromus, p. 243 (1811).
Syrrhaptes paradoxus.
Tetrao j^a^'^doxa, Pallas, Reise Russ. lleichs, ii. App. p. 712,
tab. F (1773).
Syrrhaptes paradoxus, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 419 (1884).
Pallas's Sand-Grouse.
Hah. Northern Europe and Central Asia.
1854. Natural skeleton. 0. C, A. 1421 a.
P urchased of Mr. Genrwd.
1855. Natural skeleton. 0. C, B. 1421 a.
1856. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 1014. Purchased.
Geiuis PTEROCLES.
Teinminck, Pigeons et Galliu. iii. p. 712 (1815).
Pterocles arenarius.
Tetrao arenaria, Pallas, Nov. Comm. Petrop. xix. p. 418, pi. 8
(1774).
Pterocles arenarius (Pall.), Dresser, B. Eur. vii. p. 61, pi. 466
(1874).
The Black-bellied Sand-Grotjse.
Plah. South-western Europe, Northern Africa, and Western
Asia to India.
1857. Natural skeleton (wanting head and left hind leg) of
female. 0. C. 1422. Purchased.
1858. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2152.
From the Zoological Society/.
N.B.— The skeleton of the "male,'' 0. C. 1421, is that of a
species of Plover, probably an CEdicnetniis ! [Cf. Owen, Osteol.
Cat. p. 273.]
oTinrn^. 37I
Pterocles lichtensteini.
Pteroeles lichtensteini, Temminck, PI, Col. v. pis. 355,361 (^1825) ;
Finsch & Hartl. Yiig. Ostafr. p. 504 (1870).
Lichtenstein's Sand-Grouse.
Hah. North-eastern Africa.
1859. Sternuin of mule, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Sorlet//.
1860. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting right coraeoid and
scapula. S. S. 1550.
Fref^enlpcl h;i P. L. Sdater, Esq., F.R.S.
Suborder VI. FULICARI^*.
ICf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 40.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Nasals holorhinal.
G. Dorsal vertebra} heterocoelous.
D. Posterior processes of the ilia separated sufficiently to show
a broad sacrum.
Family OTIDID^ f.
Genus OTIS.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 18 (1700).
Otis tarda.
Oti^ tarda, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 581 (1700); Seebohra, Hist.
Brit. B. ii. p. 581 (1881).
The Great Bustard.
Hah. Europe and Asia.
• Cf. Sharpe, Keview, p. 90; Lydekker, Cat. Fo.ssil Birds Brit. Mns.
p. 143 (1891).
t Suborder Otides, Sharpe, Review, p. 73. Vf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil
Bird.-^ Brit. Mus. p. 107 (1891).
2 I! -1
372 gallo-grall.t:.
Otis tarda.
1861. Articulated skeleton of male. 0. C. 1348.
Soutli Collection.
1862. Articulated skeleton of female. 0. C. 1349. Purchased.
1863. Skeleton of female. From Chefoo, China. 0. 0. 1349 a.
Presented hi/ Consul Sio/'nhoe, F.P.S.
1864. Skull. 0. C. 1350. Hunterian.
1865. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle [of specimen 1867],
wanting left coraeoid and scapula. S. S. 1245.
Hunterian.
1866,1867. Various bones. 0. C. 1351 and 1352 A. Hunterian.
(Some of the bones mounted in the Separate Series.)
Otis tetrax.
Otis tetrax, Linnajus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 264 (1760) ; Seebohrn, Hist.
Brit. B. ii. p. 5S7 (1884).
The Little Bustard.
Hah. Europe and Central Asia, ranging south to North Africa
in winter.
1868. Skeleton. O.C. 1354a.
1869. Skeleton. 0. C. 1354. Soutlt Collection.
1870. Sternum, wanting left coraeoid and scapula. S. S. 1698.
From the Zoological Society/.
Otis australiso
Otis australis, Gray iu Griff. Anim. Kingd. vol. iii. p. 305 (1829).
Choriotis cmstralis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 208 (1865).
The Australian Bustard.
Hah. Australia.
1871. Sternum, with right coraeoid, scapula, and fnrcula. Lake
George, N. S. Wales. S. S. 1086.
Presented hjj Dr. K. P. Ramsay.
OTIDIDyl?. 373
Genus EUPODOTIS.
Lesson, Rev, Zool. ii. ]). 47 (183!)).
Eupodotis edwardsi.
Otis edwnrdsH, J. E. Gray, 111. Ind. Zool. i. pi. 59 (1832).
Eupodotis edivardsi, Humo & Marshall, Game Birds of India, i.
p. 7, pi. 3 (1878).
The Great Indian Bustard.
Ilah. India.
1872. Skull. 0. v., A. 1348 a. Presented hj J. Mahohnson, Esq.
Eupodotis, 8p.
1873. Skeleton. 0. C, A. 1348 b. Stores, 1868.
1874. Skull. S. S. 1759. Purchased.
Genus SYPHEOTIDES.
Lesson, Rev. Zool. ii. p. 47 (1839).
Sypheotides aurita.
Otis aurita, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. GGU (1790).
Sypheotides aurita (Lath.), Hume & Marshall, Game Birds of
India, i. p. 33, pi. G (1878).
The Lesser Florican.
II(d>. India.
1875. Sternum. S. S. 1850. From Nepal.
Presented hij B. IT. Hodgson, Es(j.
1876. Pelvis. S.S. 1850 a. Parcltased.
374 GALLO-GRALL.t:.
Family OPISTHOCOMID^ *.
[Cf. fSeebohm, Classif. B. p. 40.]
A. Palate schizoonathou^.
13, Nasals holorhinal.
( *. Dorsal vertebra? lieterocoelous.
D. Episternal process not ])erfbrated to receive the sternal ends
of the coracoids.
E. Posterior processes of" the ilia sufficiently separated to show a
broad sacrum.
F. Hallux large.
G. Oil-gland tufted.
Genus OPISTHOCOMUS.
Uliger, Prodromus, p. 239 (1811).
Opisthocomus cristatus.
Phusianus cristatus, Gmeliii, Syst. J^at. ii. p. 741 (1788).
Opisthocomus cristatus (Gm.), Sclater & Salvin, Nomencl. Av.
N"eotrop. p. 139 (1873).
The Hoatzin.
Ilab. Guiana and Amazonia.
1877. Skeleton (very much injured), 0, C. 1403 b.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
1878. Articulated skeleton. From Surinam. 0. C. 1405 a.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
1879. vSternum of spec. 1403b, with shoulder-girdle. S. S, 2()01.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
1880. Eight manus of spec, 1403 b. S. S. 2603,
1881. Pelvis of spec. 1403 b. S. S. 2602.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
1882. Right i)es of spec. 1403 b. S. S, 2604.
Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* = Hiteronwrpha. Huxlt'V. I'. Z. S. 1868, p. oOo ; = Suborder Opi^^thi-
romiformcs, Shar])o, IJL'\iew, p. 70.
CAHIAMID^. — KALLll)^. 375
Family CARIAMID^ *.
[Cf. Seebohm, Classif. 13. p. 40.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Nasals holorliinal.
C/. Dorsal vertebrae beterocoelous.
D. Episternal process not perforated to receive the sternal ends
of the coracoids.
E. Posterior process of the ilia separated sufficiently to show a
broad sacrum.
F. Sternum with one notch on each side of the posterior margin.
G. No lateral bare tracts on neck.
H. Oil-gland nude.
Geuus CARIAMA.
Brisson, Orn. v. p. 516 (1760).
Cariama cristata f.
Palamedea cristata, Linnteus, Syst. Xat. i. p, 232 (1768).
Cariama cristata (L.), Shaqje, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. i. p. 42 (1874).
The Crested Cariama.
Ilah. Campos of Brazil and Northern Paraguay.
1883. Skeleton. O.C. 1343 a.
Presented hy Professor Huxley, F.R.S.
Family KALLIDiE |.
[Cy. Seebobm, Classif. B. p. 40.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Nasals holorhinal.
C. Dorsal vertebrae beterocoelous,
D. Episternal process not perforated to receive the sternal ends
of the coracoids.
* = Suborder Dii-ho/ojihi, Shar]it', Review, ]). 71.
t Cf. (iadow, J. f. O. p. 44.>; Reiuh. Ibis, 1882, p. 021.
I =:I{nVifonnes, Sbarpe, Review, p. 70.
376 GALLO-GKALL^.
E. Posterior process of the ilium sutticiently separated to sliow
a broad sacrum.
F. Sternum with one notch on each side of the posterior margin.
G. Neck with long lateral bare tract.
H. Oil-gland tufted.
Genus PORPHYRIO.
Brisson, Om. v. p. 522 (17(50).
Porphyrio melanonotus.
Forj>7ii/rto melanotus, Temminck, Man. d'Orn. ii. p. 701 (1820) ;
Gould, Handb. B. Anstr. ii. p. 321 (1865).
The Black-backed Gallinule.
Ilal). Australia and Tasmania.
1884. Skeleton. O.C. 1283 a. Gould Collection.
Porphyrio pulverulentus.
PorpTiyiio jmlveriilenhis, Temminck, PI. Col. pi. 405 (1826);
Waiden, Trans. Zool. Soc. ix. p. 228 (1875).
The Philippine Gallinule.
Ilab. Philippines.
1885. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1817.
From the Zoological Society.
Porphyrio alleni.
rorphijno alleni, Thompson, Ann. & Mag. X. H. x. p. 204(1842);
iSharpe, ed. Layard's B. S. Africa, p. 621 (1884).
Allen's Purple Gallinule.
Ifah. Western Africa.
1886. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1020.
Purchased of Mr. L. Fraser.
Porphyrio, sp.
1887. Disected skull. 0. C. 1283 d.
1888. Left foot. O.C. 1288 e.
UALLID^. 377
Genus NOTORNIS*.
Owen, P. Z. S. 1848, p. 2.
^otovnig mantclli.
I^^otornis manicUi, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. 377, pi. Ivi.
figs. 7-13(1848); Biiller, E. New Zeal. p. 18<J, pi. (1873);
Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. p. 157 (1891).
Mantell's Giant Gallinule.
Hah. New Zealand.
1889. Various bones. Subfossil.
Genus FULICA.
Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 23 (1760).
Fulica atra.
Fidica atra, Linnocus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 257 (1766); Scebohm, Hist.
Brit. B. ii. p. 564 (1884).
The Common Coot.
Hah. Europe, Asia, and Africa.
1890. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1282 b.
Presented hy Richard Davu, Esq.
1891. Skeleton (toes defective) . 0. C. 1282. South Collection.
1892. Skeleton. 0. C. 1284. Brookes Collection.
1893. Skull. O.C. 1283. Purchased.
1894. Feet. Purchased.
1895. Sternum, wanting left coracoid. S. S. 2U27. Stores.
Fulica australis.
Fulica australis, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, p. 2 ; id. Handb. B.
Austr. ii. p. 32'J (18G5).
The Australian Coot.
Hah. Australia.
' C.y. MfVer, Abbild. \'cigel-Skel. i. Taf. xxxiv.-xxxvii. (.V. hochstetlcri) .
378 GALLO-GRALL.E.
Fulica australis.
1896, Sternnm of male, with slioulder-girdle, but without left
conicoid and scapula. From Clarence River, N. S. AVales
{E.P.Ramsay). S. S. 1374.
Premited by P. L. Sdater, Esq., F.R.S.
Fulica americana.
Fulica americana, Gmelin, 85"st. Xat. i. p. 704 (1788) ; Cory, B.
West Indies, p. 258 (1889) ; A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. U.
p. 144 (1886).
The American Coot.
Hah. North America to Central America and the West
Indies.
1897. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1282 A. From
Jamaica. Gosse Coll.
Genus GALLINULA.
Brisson, Oru. vi. p. 3 (1760).
Gallinula chloropus.
Fulica chloropus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 258 (17(56) ; Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 557 (1884).
The Common Water-hen.
Ilab. Europe, Asia, and Africa.
1898. Dried head. 0. C. 128.5.
Presented hy W. Bullock, Esq.
1899. Sternum. 0. C. 1284 a. Ilunterian.
Gallinula tenebrosa.
Gallinula tenehrosa, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1846, p. 20 ; id.
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 328 (1865).
The Sombre Water-hen.
Hah. Australia.
KALLIDv*:. 379
1900. SttM-num of miilo, Avitli slioulder-oinllc, wuntin^- Icl't coni-
coici and scujmla. IS. IS. 181(j.
From the Zoolor/ical Sociely.
Genus TRIBONYX,
Dubiis, Eull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles, vii. pt. 1, p. 212 (1840).
Tribonyx mortieri.
Trihonyx mortleri,Ylx\hn^, t. c. p. 215, pi. (1840); Gould, Haiidb.
B. Austr. ii. p. ^24 (18G5).
Mortier's Water-hen.
JJah. Southern Au.-<tralia and Tasniania.
1901. Skeleton. U. (!. 1281. Gould CoUecLion.
Tribonjrx ventralis.
GaUinula ventralis, Gould, rroc. Zool. Soc. 1836, p. 85.
Tribonyx ventralis, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 325 (1865).
The Black-tailed Water-hen.
llo.h. Southern Au<.tralia.
1902. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. Port Denison, Queensland {E. P. Ramsay).
S. S. 1365. Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.lis.
Genus PAREUDIASTES.
Hartlaub & Finsch, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 25, pi. ii.
Pareudiastes pacificus.
Pareudiastes pacificus, Hartlaub & Pinsch, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 2o,
pi. ii.
The Pacific Water-hen.
Ilah. Savai, South Pacific Islands.
1903. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, wanting left coracoid and
scapula. S. S. 2527.
Preaentcd hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
380 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus OCYDROMUS *.
Wag-ler, Nat. 8yst. Amph. Siiiig. u. Viigel, p. 98 (1830).
Ocydromus sylvestris.
Oci/di'omus sylvestris, Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 18()9, p. 472, pi. 35 ;
Ramsay, Tab. List Austr. E. p. 38 (1888); Meyer, Abbild.
Vogel-Skel. i. Taf. xli.
The Lord Howe Island Wood-hen.
IlaJ). Lord Howe Island.
1904. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2567.
Presented hi/ P. L. Sclafer, Esq., P.P.S.
Ocydromus lafresnayanus.
Galliralivs lafresnai/anvs, Verreaux et O. Des Murs, llcv, et Mag.
de Zool. 1860, p.'437 ; E. L. & L. C. Layard, Ibis, 1877, p. 3G3.
Lafresnaye's Wood-hen.
Ilab. New Caledonia.
1905. Skeleton. O. C. 128U b.
Presented bij Dv. Geortje Bennett.
Ocydromus australis.
Ralhis australis, Sparrman, Mus. Carls, pi. 14 (1786).
Ocydromus australis, BuUer, B. New Zeal, p. 170 (1873).
The South-Island Wood-hen.
Hah. South Island, New Zealand.
1906. Skeleton (detective). 0. C. 1280. Purchased.
1907. Skeleton. 0. C. 1280 a. Purchased.
1908. Sternum of male, without shoulder-girdle. S. S. 935.
From the Botanic Gardens, Sydney.
* Cf. Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skel. i. Taf. xl. (O.fascus).
KALLID.E. 381
Genua APTORNIS.
Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. ^547 (1848).
Sptornis otittfonnig,
Didornis otidifonnis, Owen, ut supra.
Aptoi'nis otidifonnis, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 147
(1891).
The Bustard-like Wood-hen (extinct).
Hah. New Zealand.
1908 A. Shaft of right feiinir [rf. Cat. Fossil Mamni. & Aves,
p. 366). F. C. 1591.
1908 B. Right tibio-tarsus [cf. Cat. Fossil Mamm. & Aves, p. 366).
F.C. 1592.
Genus GALLICREX.
Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Sue. p. 283 (1849).
Gallicrex cinerea.
Falica cinerea, Gmelin, Syst. Xat. ii. p. 702 (1788).
Gallicrex cinerea, David ct Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 484 (1877).
The Water-cock.
Hab. India to China, and the Malay Archipelago.
1909. Skeleton of male. From Chefoo, China. 0. C. 1283 F.
Presented hj Consul Switihoe, F.h'.S.
Gcmis RALLUS.
Linnieus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2()1 (17<}(J).
Rallus aquaticus.
llallus aquaticus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2Q2 (1700); Seebohm,
Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 552 (1884).
The Common Water- Rail.
Ilab. Europe and Western Asia.
1910. Skeleton. 0. C. 1286 a. Yarrell Collection.
1911. Skull. O.C. 1286 c. Purchased.
1912. Stcrnuiu, witli slioiildcr-girdlc. S. S. 1247. Purchased.
382 GALLO-GRALL^.
Rallus philippensis.
Ballus philippeiisis, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 263 (17G6).
HypoUenidla pliilippensis, Gould, Handb. E. Ausir. ii. p. 334
\l865).
The Pectoral Rail.
Ilah. Anstralia and Papuan Islands to the Moluccas and
Philippine Islands.
1913. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. From Du-
broyde, N. S. Wales. S. S. 932.
Presented hy Dr. K. P. Ramsay.
Rallus caHbbaeus.
Jiallus lom/irosti'is, var. carihhcens, Ridgwaj', Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club,
V. p. 140 (18.^0).
Rallus lowjirostris carihbo'vs, Cory, B. West Indies, p. 254 (1889).
The Jamaican Clapper-IIail.
Hub. Antilles.
1914. Sternum. 0. C. 128fiB. From Jamaica.
(j-osse Collection.
Genus GYMNOCREX.
Salvadori, Ann. Mus. Civic. Genov. vii. p. 678 (1875).
Gymnocrex plumbeiventris .
Rallus plumbeiventris, Gray, Proc. Zool. 8oc. 1861, pp. 432, 438.
Gymnocrex plumbeiventris (Gray), Sharpe in Gould's B. New
Guinea, v. pi. 71 (1888).
The Grey-bellied Rail.
Hah. New Guinea and Solomon Islands.
1915. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. Solomon Islands. S. S.
2443. Presented hy P. L. Svlufer, Esq., F.R.S.
RALLIDtE.
383
Genus CREX.
Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. p. 336 (1803).
Crex crex.
Rallns crex, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2G1 (1700).
Crex pratensis, Seebohm, Hist, Brit. B. ii. p. 535 (1884).
The Land-Rail or Corn-Crake.
Hab. Europe and AVestern Asia, wintering in Africa.
1916. Sternum, with shoulder-oirdle. From Stratford-on-Avon.
S. S. 2028. Presented by Professor Flower, F.R.S.
1917. Skull. Stratford-on-Avon. 0. C. 1285 B.
Presented by Professor Flower, F.R.S.
Genus ORTYGOMETRA *.
Lcacli, Syst. Cut. Mamm. & Birds Brit. Mus. p. 3-1 (1816).
Ortygometra porzana.
Ballus porzana, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i, p. 262 (1766).
Crex porzana, Seebohm, Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 540 (1884),
The Spotted Crake.
Ilab. Europe.
1918. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
Ortygometra pusilla.
Rail us J) us ill us, Pallas, Eeis. Buss, lleichs, iii. App. p. 700 (1776).
Porzana piisilla (PaU.), Ogilvie-Grant, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.
(6) V. pp. 80-82 (1890).
Pallas's Crake.
Hab. Eastern Asia.
1919. Skeleton of male. From Cliefoo, China. 0. C. 1285 c.
Presented by Consul Swinhoe, F.R.S.
* (•/. Meyer, Abbil.l. \'..-f.l-Skel. i. Tiif. cviii. (0. niyra).
384 GALLO-GRALL^.
Ortygometra Carolina.
Rallus caroliuus, Linna?us, S3'st. Nat. i. p. 263 (1766~).
Porzana Carolina, A. 0. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 142 (188G).
The Carolina Crake.
Ilah. North America to the West Indies and Northern South
America.
1920. Sternum. S. S. 1299.
Presented hi/ the Sriuthsonhin Institution.
Ortygometra fluminea.
Porzana flaminea, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 139 ; id.
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 339 (1865).
The Spotted Water-Crake.
Ilah. Southern Australia and Tasmania.
1921. Sternum of male, with slioulder-girdle. From Palmer,
N. S. Wales (7;;. P. Ramsay). S. S. 938.
Presented h;j P. L. Sdater, Es(j., F.R.S,
Family PSOPHIID^*.
[Cf. Secbohm, Classif. B. p. 40 ; Stejneger, Stand. Nat. Hist., Birds,
p. 123.]
A. Palate schizoonathous.
B. Nasals holorhiual.
C. Dorsal vertebrae heterocoelous.
D. Episternal process not perforated to receive the slernal ends
of the coracoids.
E. Posterior process of the ilia separated sufficiently to show a
broad sacrum.
F. Sternum without a notch on the posterior margin.
G. Neck with long lateral bare tracts.
* = Suborder Psoplnte, Sharpe, Review, p. 74.
HESrEROKN'ITIIlDit;. 385
Genus PSOPHIA *.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 203 (17G0).
Psophia crepitans.
Psophia crepitans, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2t)3 (17GG); Scl. *fc;
Salv. Nomeucl. Av. Neotrop. p. 141 (187;i).
The Common Trumpeter.
llab. Guiana.
1922. Skeleton. 0. C. loio. South Collection.
1923. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Sociefi/.
1924. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1470.
Presented In/ P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
Suhord.T Vll. IIFSPERORXITHES.
Family HESPERORXITHID.E.
Genus HESPERORNIS.
Marsh, Amer. Journ. Sci. (3) iii. p. 57 (1872).
f^tsipcronit^ rfcjaltsi.
Hesperornis regalis, Marsh, ut supra ; D'Arcy Tliorapson, Stud.
Miis. Dundee,!, no. 10, pp. 1-15 (1890); Fiirbringer, MB.
Deutsch. Yer. Schutz, 1890, pp. 488-513; Shufeldt, Nature,
xUii. p. 176 ; Helm, t. c. p. 369 (1890) ; Lydekker, Cat. Fossil
B. p. 205 (1891).
The Toothed Diver.
Hah. North America (fossil in the Cretaceous of Kansas).
1925. Cast of portion of left mandible, retaining three teeth.
Front the original in Yale College Museum.
* ('/. P.,Ml(lanl, Proc. Zoul. Sic. 1890. pj). :12S)-:341.
PART III. 2C
38fi
GALLO-GRALL^.
1926. (Vist of part of right mandible, showing imperfect sockets.
1927. Cast of axis or second vertebra.
1928. Cast of fourth vertebra.
1929. Cast of twelfth vertebra.
1930. Cast of fifteenth vertebra.
1931. Cast of sixteenth vertebra.
1932. Cast of twentieth vertebra.
1933. Cast of twenty-third vertebra.
1934. Cast of pelvis.
1935. Cast of caudal vertel)ra.
1936. Cast of left femur.
1937. ( ast of left tibio-tarsus.
1938. Cast of left patella.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From the same.
From, the same.
From the same.
1939. Cast of left tarso-metatarsus, with phalanges.
From the same.
^fspfrornt'^ cr.is'^tpfg.
Hesperornis crassipes, Marsh, Amer. Jouru. Sci. (3) xi. p. 509
(1876); Lydekker, Cat. Fossil B. Brit. Mus. p. 209 (1891).
The Large-footed Toothed Diver.
Jlati. North America (fossil).
1940. Cast of ventral aspect of sternum.
From the orhihial in Vale College Jfaseiim.
Suhonlcr Vlll. PYGOPODES.
\_Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 41.]
A. Palate schizognatbous.
B. Cnemial process of the iWn-A produced to a remarkable
degree.
C. Posterior process of tbe ibum approximated to sucb an extent
tbat tbe sacrum is abiiost entirely concealed.
D. Spinal featber-tract not defined on tbe neck.
Family COLYMBIUiE *.
A. Ho ancbylosed vertebra3 in front of tbe ancbylosed sacral
vertebrae.
B. Median xipbioid process of sternum projecting lidiind tbe
lateral processes.
C Cervical vertebra; 14 or 15 in numlier.
D. Ambiens and femoro-caudal muscles present.
(ienus COLYMBUS f.
IJrisson, Orn. vi. \^. 34 (IT'JOj.
Colyiubus glacialis.
Colymhus gJacialis, Liniiasus, Sjst. Xat. i. p. 221 (170^) ; B. (). U.
List Brit. B. p. 201 (1S83).
The Great Northern Diver.
ILih. Nortbern Europe, Asia, and America, nn'grating soutb
in winter.
1941. Skeleton. (). C. 11G5. South. Collection.
1942. Skeleton. Purchased.
1943. Skeleton. Presented by A. M. J'aterson, Es<].
1944. Sternum, witb rigbt coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
865. Purchased.
* = Order Cohjmln formes, Sharpe, Review, p. 71; cf. Lydekker. Cat.
Fossil B. Brit. :Mus. p. IHi (1S91)
t Cf. Couos, Mem. I'.(i>r. S.,.-. i. p. l.'.l. ],1. •",.
■1 c 2
388 oallo-grall.t:.
Colymbus septentrionalis.
Colymhus septentrionalis, LinniBus. 8yst. iS^at. i. p. 220 (1706) ;
B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 202 (1SS3).
The Pved-throated Diver.
Hah. Northern Europe, Asia, and America, ranging south in
winter.
1945. Skeleton. 0. C. 11G5a.
1946. Skeleton of young. 0. C. UGG A. (Skull wanting.)
Purchased.
1947. Skeleton. Many of the bones mounted in the Separate
Series. 0. C. 11()Gb. Hxinterian.
1948. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
8r)o. Purc]iai<ed.
1949. Pelvis and bones of right leg. 0. 0. 1 1()(k
Ihvokcs Collection.
Family PODICIPEDIDJC *.
[Cf. Stejuoger, Stand. Xat. Hist., Birds, p. GO ; Seebohm,
Classif. B. p. 41.]
A. Palate schizognathous.
B. Cnemial process of the tibia produced to a remarkable
degree.
C. Posterior process of ilium approximated to such an extent
that the sacrum is almost entirely concealed.
U. Cervical vertebrre 17 to 21 in number.
E. Anchylosed sacral vertel)r<ie preceded by a free vertebra, in
front of which are four anchylosed dorsal vertebrrTe.
F. Median xiphioid process of sternum abruptly truncated, so
that the lateral processes extend behind it.
G. Spinal feather-tract not defined on the neck.
H. Ambiens and femoro-caudal muscles absent.
* = Order Fodidpiiliformex^ Shnrjie, lit'view, p. 71.
rdUicirKDiD.K. 381)
Genus PODICIPSS *.
Lath. Gen. Syii. Siippl. p. 2V.) (1787).
Podicipes griseigena,
Coh/mbi(s rp'iselgena, Eoddacrt, Tabl. PI. Eiil, p. 55 (1783).
Podiceps fjriseigena (Bodd.), E. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 203 (1883).
The Red-necked Grebe.
Hal). Northern Europe uiid Northern America.
1950. Skeleton. 0. C. IIGG c. J'irrchu.sed.
1951. Skull of female. From Pi-u>>ia. I'uirhased.
Podicipes cristatus.
Colymbus cristatus, Linnasus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 222 (1766).
Podiceps cristatus (L.), B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 202 (1883).
The Great Crested Grebe.
JIab. Temperate and Southern portions of Europe and Asia,
extending to India, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
1952. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 116G D.
1953. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furoula.
S. S. 12G4. Fvesented hy Professor Floorer, F.R.S.
Podicipes dominicus.
Colymbus dominicus, Linnaeus, S} st. Xat. i. p. 223 (1766).
Podice2:)S dominicus, Baird, Brewer, and liidgway, Water-Birds
jST. Amer. ii. p. 438 (18S4) ; Cory, Birds West Indies, p. 283
(1889).
The Least American Grebe.
Ilab. Tropical America and West Indies.
1954. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
F resented Inj tlte Sinilhsonian Inslil ulion.
* Cifncnilly wiktcii rodircpe.
390 GALLO-GRALL.E.
Genus PODILYMBUS.
Lesson, Traite cVOrn. jx 5[)o (1S31).
Podilymbus podiceps.
Cohjmhus iwdiceps, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat, i. p. 223 (176G).
Podili/mbusjJodiceps {L.), A. 0. TJ, Chcck-L N. Amer. E. p. 75
(1886).
The Pied-billed Grebe.
JJab. Nearly the whole of America.
1955. Sternum. S. S. 1289.
Presented In/ the Smithsonian Instif idivn.
Genus TACHYBAPTES.
Eeichenbach, Syst. Av. p. 11 (1851).
Tachybaptes fluviatilis.
Cohjmhus jlaviatilis, Tunstall, Orn. Erit. p. 3 (1771).
Taclujhaptes fluviatilis (Tunst.), E. 0. U. List Erit. E. p. 204 (1883).
The Little Geebe.
Ilah. Nearly tlie whole of the Old World.
1956. Skull of male. From Germany. Purchased.
1957. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1933.
Prom the Zoological Societi/.
Suborder IX. GALLINjE^.
[Cf. Secbohm, Classif. E. p. 42.]
A. Palate sehizoii'nathous.
B. Basipterygoid processes articulating- with the pterygoids as
near the palatines as possible.
C Nasals holorhinal.
* = Order 6'«//{/"oy»;(fvv. Sliai]it'. IJevIcw, ]). 6^ ; if. Ganod, I'ruc. Zool.
Sue. 1870. pp. o.j4-.j80.
niASIAXTD.E. :V.) I
D. Episternal process perforated to receive the sternal ends of
the coracoids.
E. Young, when hatched, covered with (h)\vn, and able to run
in a few hours.
Family PHASIANID^ *.
[Of. Seebohm, Classif. 13. p. 42.]
A. Inner notch- of sternum more than half the len^^rh of tie
whole sternum.
B. Hallux raised above the level of the front toes, and its basal
phalanx shorter than the hind toe.
C. Oil-gland tufted, or absent.
Genus PHASIANUS.
Linnaeus, Syst. ^"at. i. p. 270 (17G6),
Phasianus colchicus.
PJuisicnius colcJiicus, Liuutcus, iSysfc. Nat. i. p. 271 (17GG) ; E. 0. U.
List iJrit. B. p. 141 (1883). "
The Common Pheasant.
Bab. Europe and Western Asia.
1958. Skeleton. Present ed hij IT. Uonrr, /isq.
1959. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle, of inale " Bohenuan
Pheasant. ' From the Zoolocikal Society.
Phasianus versicolor,
Phasianus v(rsicoloi\ Temminck, PI. Col. v. pis. 486, 4'J3 (1S3U) ;
Elliot, MonogT. Plias, ii. pi. ix. (1872X
The Japanese Pheasant.
Ilah. Japan.
* = Suborder Thasiani, Shiiriu-, Kovitw, p. 68: rf. Lvckkkcr, Cat. Fosm"
Birds Brit. Mus^. p. 131 (1801).
o92 GALLO-GltALLiE.
Phasianus versicolor.
1960. Sternum of female, with shoulder- oirdle.
From the Zoological Society.
1961. JSternum of male, with shoulder-oirdle. S. S. 1999.
From the Zoological Society.
Phasianus wallichii.
Phasianus wallichii, Hardwicke, Trans. Liun. 8oc. xv. p. 166
(1827) ; Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii. pi. x. (1872).
Wallich's Pheasant.
Hah. Himalayas.
1962. tSternum of female, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
Phasianus scintillans.
Phasianus scintillans, Gould, Ann. & Mag. N. H. (3) xvii. p. 150
(1866).
Phasianus svemmeriugi, var. scintillans, Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii.
pi. xiii. (1872).
The Hondo Copper Pheasant.
J Jab. Japan.
1963. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus THAUMALEA.
Wagler, Isis, 1832, p. 1227.
Thaumalea picta.
Phasianus inctus, Linnaeus, Syst. Kat. i. p. 272 (1766),
Thaumalea picta (L,), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii. pi. 15 (1872).
The Golden Pheasant.
Hah. China.
1964. Sternum of male. From the Zoological Society,
rHASlAXlD.E. 393
1965. Sternuni, Avith shonklcr-frirdle. U. C. 141.") A.
1966. ►^terniun, with right conic old and scapula. k5. H. lOO-i.
Purchased.
Genus CROSSOPTILUM *.
Hodgsou, J. A. S. Eeng. vii. p. ^04 (1838).
Crossoptilum auritum.
Phasinnus auritas, Pallas, Zoogr. llosso-Asiat. ii. p. 86 (1811).
Crossoptilon auriium (Pall.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. i. pi. 18
(1872).
Pallas's Eared Pheasant.
JIah. Thibet to China.
1967. Sternnm of female, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus LOPHOPHORUS.
Temminck, Pigeons et Gallin. ii. p. 355 (1818).
Lophophorus impeyanus.
Fhasianus impeyanus, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 632 (1790).
Lophophorus impeijanus (Lath.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. i. pL 19
(1872).
The Monaul.
Hah. Himalayas.
1968. Sternum of male, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S.
2029. From the Zoological Society.
• C/. Meyer, AbLild. Vogel-Skel. i. pi, xcviii. (C. manfchn-inim).
394 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus EUPLOCOMUS.
Temminck, PL Col. 507 (1830).
Euplocomus prselatus.
DiardiyaUas pra'latus, Bonaparte, Compt. Rend, xliii. p. 415
(1S5G).
Euplocamus pnelatus (Bp.), Elliot, Mouogr. Plias. ii. pi. 24
(1872).
The Siamese Fihe-back Pheasant.
Hah. Siain.
1969. Stei'uum of male, with slioiikler-girJle.
From the Zoological Society.
Euplocomus nycthemerus.
Fhasianus nijdlieincrus, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 272 (1700).
Eujplocamus nycthemerus (L.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii. pi. 21
(1872).
The Silvek Pheasant.
llab. China.
1970. Skeleton. 0. C. 1415 d. Purchased.
Euplocomus lineatus.
Fhasianus lineatus. Vigors, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1831, p. 24.
Euplocamus lineatus (Vig.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii. pi. 23
(1872).
The Lineated Pheasant.
ILd). Burmese Countries.
1971. Sternum of very young hird. 0. C. 1415 H.
Euplocomus erythrophthalmus.
Phasianus erytJirojihthahnus, Baffles, Trans. Linn, Soc. xiii. p. 321
(1822).
Euplocanms erythrophthalmus (Raffl.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii.
pi. 28 (1872).
The lluFous-TAiLED Pheasant.
PJIASIANID.E. 395
Ilah. Sumatra and i\w IMalayan Peninsula.
1972. Sternum of female, with left coracoiJ and scapula. S. S.
2151). From the Zoolo(jical Society.
Geuus GALLUS*.
Brisson, Orii. i. p. lOG (1760).
Gallus sonnerati.
Gallns sonnerati, Tomminck, PI. Col. v. pis. 232, 2133 (1823) ;
Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii. pi. 34 (1872).
Sonnerat's Jungle-Eowl.
Hah. Central and Southern India.
1973. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2151.
I'l'Otii the Zooluyical Sociefi/.
Gallus domesticus t.
The Domestic Fowl.
1974. Skeleton. 0. C. 1412. South Collection.
1975. Skeleton of male Dorking cock. 0. C. 1412 G.
Presented hy Mr. W. Pearson.
1976. Skeleton of a tailless Bantam Cock (3 years old). 0. C.
1412 F. Presented hy Edgar Floicer, Esq.
1977. Skeleton (imperfect) of " Rumpkin Fowl." 0. C. 1412 A.
lluntcrian,
1978. Skull of Polish Fowl. 0. C. 1414. Ilunterian.
1979. 1980. Skulls of Polish Fowl. O. C. 1414 A, 1414 b. [See
Tegetmeier, P. Z. S. 1850, pp. 3G6-oG8.]
Presented hy W. B. Teyetnieier, Esq.
* Cf. Shufeldt, " Observations upon the Morphology of Gallus bankiva
of India," Journ. Comp. Med. 1888 ; cf. also Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skel. i.
pi. ix. (^r. liankiva).
t Cf. Parker, W. K., "On the Structure and Development of the Wing in
the Common Fowl," Phil. Trans, vol. 17il, pp. o8-j-3'J8, pis. 62-05 (1888) ;
>leyur, Abbild. Vugel-bfkel. i. pis. .\.-xv., civ.
396 GALLO-GRALL.E.
Gallus domesticus.
1981. 8kull. U. C. 1413. Hunterian.
1982. Cranium. S. S. 17(J8. Stores.
1983. ("nniiiim of young Fowl. 0. C. 1412 A. Purchased.
1984. Sternum. Old Collection.
1985. JSternum, with shoulder-girdle, of male.
From tlie Zoological Society.
1986. ^Sternum of a very young Fowl. 0. C. 1412 c.
Purcliased.
1987. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 17G9. Hunterian.
1988. Left tarso-metatarsus, to show spurs of male.
Old Collection.
Genus CERIORNIS.
ywainson, Classif. B. ii. p. 341 (1837).
Ceriornis satyra.
Mehagris satyra, Linnanis, Syst. Xat. i. p. 269 (1766).
Ceriornis satyra (L.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. i. pi. 23 (1872).
The Horned Thagopan.
Hah. Himalayas.
1989. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1415 G.
From the Zoological Soclefg.
1990. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. From Nepal.
Presented hy B. II. Hodgson, Esq.
1991. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and fureula. S. S.
20o(). Stores.
1992. Pelvis. ¥\om Nepal. Presented hj B. IL Hodgwn. Esq.
PHASIAXID.E. 397
Ceriornis temmincki.
Satijra temmincki, (Jray, 111. Ind. Zool. i. pi. 5().
Ceriornis temminclci (Gray), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. i. pi. 25 (1872).
Temminck's Tragopan.
TIah. Eastern Himalayas and China.
1993. Sternum of male, with shoulder-<4ir(lle.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus POLYPLECTRUM.
Temminck, Pigeons et Gallin. ii. p. 3G3 (1813).
Polyplectrum thibetanum.
Pavo thibetanus, Gmeliu, Syst. Xat. ii. p. 731 (1788).
Polyplectron thibetanus (Gm.), Elliot, Monogr. Phas. i. ])1. 0
(1872).
The Co3imon Peacock Pheasant.
Hah. N.E. India and Southern China.
1994. Sternum of male, -with shoulder-girdU^ (wanting; left
scapula). From the Zoological Society.
1995. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2031.
Stores.
Genus ARGUSIANUS.
Eafinesque, Analyse, p. 67 (181 5j.
Argusianus argus.
Phasianus argus, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 272 (170G).
Argusianus argv^ (L.), Gates, Birds Brit. Burm. ii. p. 313 (1883).
The Argus Pheasant.
Hall. Tenasserim, Siaui, and the ^falav Pcm'usula fo Sumaira.
398 GALLO-GRALL.TJ.
Argusianus argus.
1996. Skeleton of male. 0. 0. 141.5 b.
Presented by Sir Stamfonl Raffles.
1997. Skeleton of female. 0. C. 1415 c.
Presented hy Sir Stamford Raffi.cs.
Genus PAVO.
LinncEus, S}-st. Nat. i. p. 207 (1710).
Pavo cristatus.
Pavo cristatus, Liniifcus, ut supra ; Elliot, Moiiogr. Plias. i. jjI. 3
(1872).
The Common Peafoavl.
Hah. India.
1998. Skeleton. 0. (J. 1404. Siynth Collection.
1999. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C 1404 a. [Some of the bones
mounted in the Separate Series.] Hunterian.
2000. Skull (imperfect). 0. C. MO."^. Hunterian.
2001. Slernum, with right coracoid and scai)ula. S. S. (375 b.
Stores.
Family TETRAONID^,
Genus TETRAO*.
Linna}us, 83'st. Nat. i. p. 273 (1706).
Tetrao urogallus.
Tetrao urogallus, Linnaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 274 (1700) ; Dresser,
Birds Ear. vii. p. 223, pi. 490 (1873) ; Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-
Skel. i. pis. xvi., xlviii.. Hi.
The Capercaillie.
Ilah. Northern and (Central Europe.
» Cf. ShufVldt, IJull. Geol. Survey, vi. p. JJO'.l
TETKAONID.E. 399
2002. Skeleton. 0. C. 1410'. South Collection.
2003. Skull. O.C. 1416 a. Furchased.
2004. Sternuin of male, with shoulder- <>ir(lle. S. S. 14(37.
Pref<entnl bij P. L. Sclater, Entj.^ F.ll.S.
2005. Hyoid arch. O.C. 1417. Presented by Dr. Leach.
Tetrao tetrix.
Tetrao tetrix, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 274 (17GG) ; Dresser, Birds
Eur. vii. p. 205, pi. 487 (1873) ; Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skel.
pis. xvi., cii.
The Black Grouse.
Hah. Europe, through Central Asia to China.
2006. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C. 1418 D. [Many of the
bones exhibited in the Separate Series.] Ilunterian.
2007. Skull. 0. C. 1418 f. Presented by Edgar Floicer. Esq.
Genus LAGOPUS *.
Brisson, Orn. p. 181 (1760).
Lagopus scoticus.
Tetrao scotinis, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 750 (1700).
Lagopus scoticua (Lath.), Pressor, Birds Eur. vii. p. 1G5, pi. 479
(1873).
The Red Grouse.
Hah. Moorlands of the British Islands, north of Derb^'shire.
2008. Articulated skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1418 C. (Ribs
defective.) Yarrell Collection.
2009. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C. 1418 A. Hunterian.
2010. Skeleton. 0. C. 1418 E. Purchased.
2011. Sternum. 0. C. 1418 B. From the Zoological Society.
* Meyer. Abbild. Vogel-Skfl. i. id. ciii. {L. (itf/tix).
400 OALLO-GRALL.?<:.
Lagopus scoticus.
2012. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
2013. Sternum, with left coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1676. Stores,
Lagopus mutus.
Tetrao mutus, Montin, Phys. Salsk. Handl. p. 1.55 (1770).
Laqoims mutus (Moutin), Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 157, pi. 478
(1874).
The Common Ptarmigan.
Jfah. Northern Europe and Central Asia.
2014. Sk(4eton. 0. C. 1418. South Collection.
2015. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
8o8. J-'un'hased.
Genus BONASA.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xi. p. 298 (1819).
Bonasa bonasia.
Tetrao honasia, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 275 (1766).
Bonasia JyetuUna (Scop.), Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 193, pi. 486
(1871).
The Hazel-Geouse.
Ilah. Northern Europe, through Central Asia to China and
Japan.
2016. Skull of male. From Germany. J Purchased.
2017. Skull of female. From Germany. Purchased.
I'KHltlCID.K. 401
Bonasa umbellus *.
Tetrao umbellus, Linnasus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 275 (1766).
Bonasa umbellus (L.), Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, N. Am. B. iii.
p. 448 (1874).
The Huffed Grouse.
Jfah. North iVinerica.
2018. Skull. 0. C. 14U». Hunteritw.
Family PEKDICIDJ^.
Geuus PERDIXt.
Brissoii, Orn. i. p. 219 (1700).
Perdix perdix.
Tttrao perdix, Linnaeus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 276 (1766).
Perdix cinerea, Latham, Gen. Syn. Suppl. i. p. 290 (1787);
B, 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 142 (1883) ; Meyer, Abbild. Yogel-SkeL,
i. pi. c.
The Common Partridge.
Hub. Europe to Central Asia.
2019. Natural skeleton (ribs and toes defective). 0. C. 1420 f.
Yarrell Collection.
2020. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1161 a.
Purchased.
2021. Skull. Purchased.
* Cf. Shufeldt, Bull. U.S. Geol. & Geogr. Surv. Terr. vi. no. 2, Washing-
ton, Sept. 19, 1881 (description of skeleton, &c.).
t Cf. Wood-Mason, J. A. S. Beng. (2) xliii. pt. 2, p. 254.
PART 111. 2d
402 GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus CACCABIS.
Kaiip, Natiirl. Syst. p. 183 (1829).
Caccabis rufa.
Tetrao rtifus, Linu.Tus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 27G (1766).
Caccabis rufa (L.), Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 103, pi. 471. fig. 1
(1875). *
The Red-legged Partridge.
Hab. Eastern and Southern Europe.
2022. Skeleton. 0. C. 1420. South Collection.
Caccabis saxatilis.
Perdix saxatilis, Meyer, Ycig. Deutschl. ])1. viii. (1805).
Caccabis saxatilis (Meyer), Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 93, pi. 470
(1875).
The Greek Partridge.
Hah. Southern Europe.
2023. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. S. S.
1005. Purchased.
Genus AMMOPERDIX.
(Jould, B. Asia, vii. pi. i. (1851).
Ammoperdix bonhami.
Caccabis bonhami. Gray, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1843, p. 372.
Ammoperdix bonhami (Gray), Hume & Marshall, Game Birds of
India, ii. p. 45, pi. 6 (1879).
The See-See Partridge.
Hah. India.
2024. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle.
From the Zoological Society.
I'KUDICID.K. 403
Genus FRANCOLINUS.
Stephens, Gen. /ool. xi. pt. 2, p. :{!() (ISl'j).
Francolinus sinensis.
Tetrao cMnensh, Osbeck, A'oy. China, ii. p. ',\2Q (1771).
FrancnJinus rliinniK'ni (Osh.), Gates, liirds Brit. Burma, ii. p. '.l2'-\
(1883).
The Chinese Francolin.
H<ih. Burmese countries to Southern China, Sjani, and Cochin
China.
2025-2027. Skeletons of males. From Ningpo, China. 0. C.
1420 I, K, L. Presented by Consul Swlnhoe, F.R.S.
Francolinus pictus.
Perdix incta, Jardine & tSelby, lllustr. Oni. i. pi. .■)(.) (c. 1832).
Framolinus pictus (J. & S.), Gates, ed. Hume's N^ests and Eggs
Ind. B, iii. p. 430 (1890).
The Painted Francolin.
Hab. India.
2028- Sternum of male, with right coracoid, scapula, and fur-
cula. S. S. 1894. Presented by Dr. Anderson, F.R.S.
Francolinus clamator.
Perdix cZ«»na<or, Temminck, Pigeons ot Gall. iii. p. 298 (1815).
Frnm-olinus clamator (Temm.), Sharpo, cd. Layard's B. S. Afr.
p. 591 (1884).
The Noisy Francolin.
Ilab. South Africa.
2029. Sternum, with right coracoid, scajiula, and furcula. S. S.
lOOa. Purchased.
2d2
40 t GALLO-GRALL^.
Genus COTURNIX.
Bonnaterre, Tubl. Encycl. Method, i. p. 210 (1790).
Coturnix coturnix.
Tetrao coturnix, Linnseus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 278 (1766).
Coturnico communis, Bonn. ; Dresser, Birds Eur. vii. p. 143, pi. 276
(1878) ; B. 0. U. List Brit. B. p. 143 (1883).
The Common Quail.
Il((fi. Throuo-hout Europe, Asia, and Africa.
2020. Skeleton. 0. C. 1420g. Purchased.
2031. i^kehton (C.jajyonica). From Chefoo. 0. C. 1420 h.
Presented hy Consul Sioinhoe, P.R.S.
2032. Natural skeleton. 0. C. 1420 G.
2033. 2034. Skulls. 0. C. 1420 G a, 1420 G 5.
Presented hy Mr. J. Marie.
Cxenus PERDICULA.
Hodgson, Bengal Sporting Magazine, ix. p. 344 (1837).
Perdicula asiatica.
Perdix asiatica, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 649 (1790).
Perdicula asiatica (Lath.), Gates, ed. Hume's Nests and Eggs Ind,
B. iii. p. 440 (1890).
The Jungle Bush-Quail.
Jlnh. India.
2035. Sternum of male, with slioulder-girdle. S. S. 2042.
From the Zoological Society.
PKKDiciD.f;. 405
Genus EXCALFACTORIA.
Bonaparte, Comptes llcndus, xlii. p. bbl (1^56).
Excalfactoria australis.
ExcaJfactoria australis, Gould, Handb. 13. Austr. ii. {>. 197(1805).
The Least Swamp-Quail.
Hah. Australia.
2036. IStcrnuin, with sboulJer-girdle. From Pahuer, N. !S.
Wales {E. P. Ramsmj). S. S. 1)33.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.P.S.
Genus ORTYX.
Stephens, Gen. Zool. xi. p. 37(5(181ii).
Ortyx virginianus *,
Tetrao virginianus, Linnaeus, iSyst. Nat. i. p. 277 (1766).
Orti/x virginianus (L.), Baird, Brewer, and llidgway, N. Am. B.
iii, p. 468 (1874).
The Virginian Quail.
Uab. North Auierica.
2037. Sternum, with slioukUsr-oirdie. S. S. 127'J.
Presented hy tlie iSniithsonian InsfJtnfioii.
Genus EUPSYCHORTYX.
Gould, Monogr. Udontopb. p. 15, pi. 10 (1844).
Eupsychortyx cristata.
Tetrao cristatus, Linnaius, ^yst. Nat. i. p. 277 (1706).
J'Jujjsi/cJwrti/x cristata (L.), Gould, Monogr. Odontopborina:, ]A. [)
(1850). "
The Crested Partridge.
Plah. Mexico.
2038. Sternum, with shoulder-^^irdle. S. S. 1006. Pan-hawd,
* Cf. Shufeldt, Bull. U.S. Geol. & Geogr. Surv. Tcmt. \\. no. 2 Washing-
ton, Sept. 21, 1881 ("Description of Skeletons of North-American Penlicidcc"').
406 GALLO-GIIALL.E.
Family NUMIDID^.
Genus NUMIDA *.
Linuaeus, 8yst. Nat. i. p. 273 (17(j()).
Numida meleagris.
Numida -melecajris, Linnaeus, t. c. p. 273 ; Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii.
pi. 39 (1882).
The Common Guinea-Fowl.
Hah. West Africa.
2039. »Skeletoii. 0. C. 1401). So^ith Collection.
2040. Bones of trunk with cervical vertebrae. 0. C. 1411.
T'rcsenfed by Sir Jo-'^ejih Banks, F'.Ii.S.
Numida cristata.
Numida cristata, Pallas, Sj)ic. Zool. vol. i. fasc. iv. tab. ii. p. 15
(1707) ; Elliot, Monogr. Phas. ii. pi. 45 (1882).
The Chested Guinea-Fowl.
Hah. "\\'est Africa.
2041. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle, and tvncheii in sitii.
S. P). 1246. Presented hj P. L. Sclatcr, Esq., F.R.S.
Genus MELEAGRIS t.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2(38 (176G).
Meleagris gallopavo.
Meleai/ris r/alJojmvo, Linna3us, Syst. Nat. i. p. 268 (1766) ; Elliot,
Monogr. Phas. i. pi. 31 (1882).
The Common Turkey.
Hah. N. America to Mexico.
* f'f. -Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skel. i. ])1. xcix. (.Y. mitrata).
t Cf. Sluifelrlt, Journ, Comp. Med. 1887.
CKACIDiE. 407
2042. Skeleton (iniperiect). 0. C. 1407 A. Ilaiderlan.
2043. Skeleton. 0. C. UOG. Soxdh Collection.
2044. Skeleton. 0. C. 1406 A. Purchased.
2045. Skull. 0. C. 1407 v. Presented l>>j Mr. W. Ehhs.
2046. Skull. Purchased.
2047. Skull of younu- binl. 0. ('. 1J07 l>. Purchased.
2048. Cranium (imperfect). 0. C. 1408. Uunterian.
2049. Sternum of male, with slionlder-girelle. S, S. 2164.
Fron tlie Zooloaical Sucicty.
2050. Sternum of youno- hirtl. with shoulder-girdle (the hones
separately articulated). 0. C 1407 c. Purchased.
2051. Sternum of female " Hyhrid American Turkey."
From the Zoological Society.
2052. Ossiiied tendons of " Wild American Turkey," lying by
the side of the right tarso-metatarsal bone. 0. C. 1407 E.
Presented hy Dr. F>arUng.
Family CRACIDiE *.
ICf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 42.]
A. Nasals holorhinal.
B. Inner notch of sternum less than half the length of the whole
sternum.
C. Hallux on the same level as the other toes, and its basal
phalanx as long as that of the third toe.
D. Oil-gland tufted.
# = Suborder Craccs, Sharpc, Review, p. 08.
408 GALLO-GKALL/E.
Genus CRAX.
Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 269 (176(5).
Crax carunculata.
Crax carunculata, Temminck, Pigeons et Gall. iii. ]). 44, t. 4.
fig. 3 (1815); Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 135 (1873).
Yarrell's Curassow.
Hob. Brazil.
2053. Sternum of male, with right coracoid and scapula. vS. S.
1002. ' Purchased.
Crax alector.
Crax alector, Linna3us, Syst. jS'at. i. p. 269 (1766) ; Scl. & Salv.
Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 135 (1873).
The Crested Curassow.
Hcib. Gniana.
2054. Skeleton. 0. C. 1399. South Collection.
2055. Skeleton. 0. C. 1399 a. From the Zoological Society.
2056. Dried head. 0. C. 1400.
Presented h\j W. BiiUoch, Esq.
2057. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1399 B.
From lite Zoological Society.
Genus PENELOPE.
Merrem, Av. rar. leones et Descr. p. 3'J (1786),
Penelope superciliaris.
Penelope superciliaris, Temminck, Pigeons et Gall. iii. p. 72
(1815) ; Sol. & Salv. Xomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 136 (1873).
The White-eyebrowed Guan.
Hah. Brazil.
2058. Sternum of female, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 2516.
From, the Zoological Society.
CRACID^. 409
Penelope greeyi.
FeneloiH f/reet/i, Gray, Troc. Zool. Hot-. 1«66, p. 20G, pi. 22 ; Scl. &
Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 13G (1873).
Greey's Guan.
Hah. Colombia.
2059. Sternum of mule, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcnia.
S. S. 1300. From the Zoological Society.
Penelope pileata.
Penelope pileata, Wagler, Isis, 1S30, p. 1110 ; 8cl. & Salv. Nomencl.
Av. Neotr. p. 136 (1873).
The Red-breasted Guan.
Hah. Northern South America.
2060. Sternum of female, with right coracoid, scapula, and fur-
cula. S. S. 1553. From the Zooloc/ical Society.
Penelope marail.
Penelope marail, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 731 (1788); Scl. & Salv.
Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 136 (1873).
The Marail Guan.
Hah. Guiana.
2061. Sternum. 0. C. 1403. Hinderian.
Penelope cristata.
Meleagris cristata, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 269 (1766).
Penelope cristata (L.), Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 136
(1873).
The E,ufous-vented Guan.
Hah. Guiana, Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica.
2062. Skeleton. 0. C. 1402. South Collection.
2063. Sternum of male, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S.
2150. From the Zoological Society.
410 GALLO-GRALL,E.
Genus PIPILE.
Bonaparte, Comptes Rendus, xlii. p. <S75 (1856).
Pipile cumanensis.
Crax cumanensis, Jacquin, Beytr. p. 25, tab. 19.
Pipile cumanensis (Jacq.), Sol. & Salv. Nomcncl. Av. Neotr. p. 136
(1873).
The Piping Guan.
Hab. Northern South America.
2064. Sternum of male, with shoulder-oirdio. S. S. 2435.
From the Zoohxjical Societ/j.
Genus MITUA.
Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 485 (1831).
Mitua tuberosa.
Crax tuberosa, Spix, Av. Spec. Nov. ii. p. 72, pi. Ixvii a. (1825),
Mitua tuberosa, (Spix), Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 135
(1873).
The Razok-billed Gurassow.
Hah. Guiana, Upper Amazons, and Pern.
2065. Skull of male. 0. C. 1400 a.
Presented by the Zoological Society.
Genus PAUXI.
Temminck, Pigeons et Gallin. iii. p. 683 (1815).
Pauxi galeata.
Crax galeaia, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 624 (1790),
Pauxi galeafa (Lath.), Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 135
(1873).
The Helmeted Gurassow.
flah. Guiana and Venezuela.
2066. Skeleton. 0. (*. 140L Pnrcha.^cd.
CRACID^. 411
(ionus ORTALIS *.
MeiTC'in, Av. rar. Icones et Doscr. ii. p. 40 (1786).
Ortalis motmot.
Phasianns m^tniot, Liunseus, Syst. Xat. i. p. 271 (1766).
Ortafida motmot (L.), Scl. & Salv. Noraeiicl. Av. Neolr, p. 136
(1873).
The Little Guan.
Hub. Guiiina.
2067. .Stermiin of female, with sboulder-M-inlle. S. S. 2050.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus OREOPHASIS.
Gray, Gen. 13. iii. p. 485 (1844).
Oreophasis derbianus.
OreopJwsis derbyanus. Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 485, pi. 121 (1844) ;
Scl. & Salv. Nomencl. Av. Neotr. p. 137 (1873).
Lord Derby's Mountain Curassow.
11(d). Guatemala.
2068. Skeleton : mounted. From Guatemala. 0. C. 1401 A.
Presented bi/ Osbert Salvin^ Esq., F.R.S.
2069. Sternum, with ri<;ht coracoid, scapula, and furcula. Volcan
de Fuego, Guatemala. S. S. 1001. Purchased.
* Often miscalled Ortrdida. Cf. II. T. Wharton, Ibis, 1879, p. 450.
412 gallo-gralla:.
Family MEGAPODIIDJ^ *.
[Cy. Seebohm, Classif. li. p. 42.]
A. Nasals holorhinal.
B, Sternum more than twice the length of its inner notch.
0. Hallux on the same level as the other toes, and its basal
phalanx as long as that of the third toe,
D. Oil-ffland nude.
Genus TALEGALLUS.
Lesson, Zool. Voy. Coqiiille, i. p. 715, pi. xxxviii. (lS2(j).
Talegallus lathami.
Alectura lathami, Graj', Zool. Misc. p. 4 (1831).
Talegallus lathami (Gray), Gould, Haiidb. B. Austr. ii. p. 150
(1865).
The Wattled Brush-Turkey.
Hah. Australia.
2070. Skeleton. 0. ( '., A. lo99c. Gould Collection.
2071. Skeleton (imperfect). 0. C, A. 1309 d.
Gould Collection.
2072. Sternum of male, with shoulder-girdle. From Richmond
River, N. S. Wales {E. P. Ramsm/). S. S. 1848.
Presented In/ P. L. Selatet; Esg., F.R.S.
Genus MEGACEPHALUM t.
Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 489, pi. 123 (1846).
* = Suborder Megapodii, Sharpe, Review, p. 68. Cf. Oustalet, Bibl.
Haut. Etudes, xxii. Art. 2, 1881, pis. 1, 2 (skeleton oi Megacephalon maleo),
pi. 3 (skeleton of Megapodius duperreyi).
t This name is generally credited to Teniniinck, but does not ap])ear to
have been published by him.
MEGAl'ODlIl).^':.
413
Megacephalum maleo.
Macrocephalon maleo, S. Miiller, Arch. f. Naturg. 1846, p. 116.
MecjacepJialon maleo (Temm.), Oustalet, Bibl. Haut. Etudes, xxii.
Art. 2, p. 2 (1881) ; Garrod, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1878, pp. 629-
631.
The Celebean Brush-Turkey.
riah. Celebes.
2073. Skeleton. 0. C, A. 1399 e. From the Zoological Society.
Genus LIPOA.
Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1840, p. 126.
Lipoa ocellata.
Leipoa ocellata, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1840, p. 126 ; id. Haudb.
Austr. B. ii. p. 155 (1865).
The Ocellated Brush-Turkey.
Hah. Australia.
2074. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1307.
From the Zoological Society.
Genus MEGAPODIUS.
Quoy at Gaimard, Voy. ' Uranie ' et ' Phys.,' Zool. p. 124,
pi. xxxii. (1824).
Megapodius tumulus.
Megapodius tumulus, Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1842, p. 20 ; id.
Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 107 (1865).
The Australian Megapode.
Hah. Australia.
2075. Sternum, with right coracoid, scapula, and furcula. From
Port Denison {E. P. Ramsay). S. S. 1347.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
414
GALLO-GRALL/E.
^xxhon]erX. CEYPTUBI*.
[Cf. Parker, Trans. Z. S. v. pt. 3, pp. 149-211 ; Htejiieger, Standard
:N'at. Hist., Birds, p. 52 : Seebohm, CLassif. B. p. 43 (TSUO).]
A, Keel of the sternum well develo|)e(l, the cartilage which con-
nects the ilium with the ischium behind the acetabulum
not ossified.
Fig. 49.
mpl.p. V. ]>l. pg hp<j.p
Ventral view of cranium (^f Rh)/nchotus rufeseeiix. ( Letters as before.)
B. Vomer coalesced with the maxillo-pahitines in front and with
the pterygoids and j)alatines behind.
C. Feather-tracts well differentiated from the bare tracts, both
on the upper and under ] tarts.
Genus RHYNCHOTUS.
Spix, Av. Spec. Nov. Brasil. ii. p. (iO, pi. 7')o (1825).
Rhynchotus rufescens.
Tinamus rufescens, Temminck, Pig. et Gall. iii. p. 552 (1815).
RJu/nrJtotus rufescens, Scl. & Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 209 (1889).
The Great Tinamou.
Hah. South Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina.
* Crtjpturiformes, Sliarpe, Pisview, p. 68. For Nothura major, cf. Alix,
J. Zool. iii. pp. 1(>7, 2.')2; Lucas, Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1887, p. lo7.
STKUTIJIOXIFOUMES. 415
2076. Skeleton. 0, ( -., A. 13i)9H. Sevenil of the bones mounted
in the Separate Series. Furckased.
2077. Skeleton of individual bred in the Zoological Gardens,
one year old. From the Zoological Society.
2078. Sternum of young, with shoulder-girdle. S. S. 1922.
Fnrchased.
Genus TINAMUS.
Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. G3;i (lldO).
Tinamus solitarius.
Cryptunt solitarius, Vieillot, N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxxiv. p. 105
(1819).
Tinamus solitarius (V.), Scl. & Salv. Noraencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 152
(1873).
The Paraguayan Tinamou.
Hab. Brazil and Paraguay.
2079. Skeleton. 0. C, A. 1399 ba.
From ilic Zoological Society.
Subclass STB UTBIONIFOBIIES.
[C/. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 44.]
A. Keel of sternum obsolete.
B. Basipterygoid processes very large, and placed on the basi-
sphenoid rather than on its rostrum.
C. Oil-gland absent.
D. Plumaire of neck continuous.
41() APTRRYGES,
Order I. APTERYGES *.
\_Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 45,]
A. Keel of sternum obsolete.
B. Basipteiygoid px-ocesses present.
C. Hallux present.
D. Cervical vertebrae not more than 10 in number.
Geuus APTERYX.
Shaw, Nat. Misc. xxiv. pi. 1057 (1813).
Apteryx australis.
Apteryx australis, Shaw, Xat. Misc. xxiv. pi. 1057 (1813) ;
Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 568 (1865); Buller, B. New
Zeal. p. 365 (1873).
The South-Island Kiwi.
ffab. New Zealand.
2080. Natural skeleton. Presented hy Mr. J. Abrahams.
2081. Skeleton. 0. C. 1355.
Prese7ited hy the Rev. W. Cotton,
2082. Sternum. S. S. 1766.
Apteryx oweni.
Apteryx oweni, Gould, P. Z. S. 1847, p. 94 : id. Handb. B. Austr.
ii. p. 573 (1865) ; Buller, B. New Zeal. p. 368, pi. (1873) ;
Meyer, Abbild. Vogel-Skel. i. pi. liv.
The Little Grey Kiwi.
Hah. South Island, New Zealand.
2083. Skeleton. 0. C. 1355e.
Presented hy Dr. George Bennett.
* =Order Apteryi/ifonnes, Sharpe, Review, p. 67.
RATIT.E. 417
2084. Skeleton. 0. 0. 1355 f.
Presented }>y Sir Julius von Iluasf.
2085. Skull of above specimen, the cranium mounted in the
Separate Series. Presented by Sir Julius von Uaast.
Apteryx, sp.
2086. Various bones. Subfossil.
2087. Bones of trunk. 0. C. 1355 c.
2088. Bones of trunk of young bird. 0. C. 1355 D.
Order II. RATIT.E.
[Cy. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 46.]
A. Keel of sternum obsolete.
B. Basipteryooid processes very laroje and placed on tlio basi-
sjjhenoid rather than on its rostrum.
C. Hallux generally absent.
Suborder I. RIIE^*.
{Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 47.]
A. Keel of sternum obsolete.
B. Length of humerus more than the combined length of six
dorsal vertebrae.
C Hallux absent ; second, third, and fourth digits present and
directed forwards.
D. Basipterygoid processes present, and articulating with the
pterygoids as near the quadrates as possible.
• =Rheifonnes, Sharps, Keviow, p. G7.
PART III. 2 E
418 RATITyE.
Genus RHEA*.
Brisson, Oriiith. v, p. 8 (1760).
Rhea americana.
lihea americana, Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. GG5 (1790) ; Scl. &
Huds. Argent. Orn. ii. p. 216 (1889).
The Common Rhea.
JIaJ). Pampas of S. America north of Rio Ncf^ro, Patag'onia.
2089. Skeleton. 0. V. 1361. South Collection.
2090. Skeleton of a young female. 0. C. 1361 E.
2091. Skeleton of yomig. 0. C. 1361 c.
Presented l>y JR. F. Gore, Esq.
2092. Anchylosed parts of cranium of a nearly full-grown Lird.
0. (J. 1363. Presented hy Sir Richard Owen, F.R.S.
2093. Various bones. From Mendoza. 0. C. 1361 A. [Many
of the bones exhibited in the Separate Series.]
Stores, 1868.
2094. Cranium of above specimen. S. S. 2056. Stores.
2095. Cervical vertebne of spec. 2093. S. S. 1053. Stores.
2096. Dorsal vertebne of spec. 2093. S. S. 1054. Stores.
2097. Caudal vertebra? of spec. 2093. S. S. 1055. Stores.
2098. Sternum of spec. 2093, with right coracoid and sca})ula.
S. S. 1056.
2099. Sternum, with shoulder-girdle. 0. C. 1361b.
Presented hi/ ]>r. .T. Aiulerson, F.R.S.
2100. Plight humerus of spec. 2093. S. S. 1058. Stores.
2101. Right radius of si)ec. 2093. S. S. 1059. Stores.
2102. Right ulna of spec. 2093. S. S. 1060. Stores.
* Cf. Cumin-bam, T. Z. S. J 871, p. 105.
STRUTIIION-RS. 419
2103. Left manm of spec. 2093. S. S. lOGi. Slorcs.
2104. Pelvis of s])(^e. 2O03. S. S. 1037. Slore.'^.
2105. Kio-ht femur of spec. 2093. S. S. lOGl. Stores.
2106. Right tihia and fibula of spac. 2093. S. S. 1002, 101)2 A.
Stores.
2107. Riglit pes of spec. 2093. S. S. 1063. Stores.
2108. Femur, til)i«}, filjuhe, tarso-metatarsals, riglit, ami loi't
maiius (nut quite perfect). 0. (J. 13(51 u, 13(51 i).
Storeys, 1(S!J8.
Rhea darwini.
llhea darwini, Gould, Voy. JJcajjle, ii. p. 1 1,';^, pi. IS.
Darwin's IIiiea.
Jfufi. Patagonia.
2103. >^kelet()n of a young female. 0. ('. 13(51 F.
Frojii t/w ZooliKjicdl SocU'tjf,
Suborder n. STRUTIITOX I^:S* .
\_Cf. Seebohm, Cla^sif. H. f . 49.]
A. Keel of sternum obsolete.
B. S(!eond digit lost.
0. Length of humerus more than the combined length of six
dorsal vertebrae.
D. Cervical vertebrto more than 19 in number.
♦ \^=Struthiimifonnes, Sliarpe, Review, p. G7.] Cf. Mivavt, Trans. ZdoI.
Soc. viii. pp. .385 -to:^; Woodward, (Jeol. Ma^'. 1885, p. 'M-i ; I'.irker, Piiil.
Trans, vul. loO. pp. 11:3-183, pis. 7-lo (18G0).
2 K 2
420 RATIT.E.
Genus STRUTHIO.
Brisson, Oru. v. p. 3 (1763).
Struthio camelus.
SirutJiio camelus, Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 2G5 (176G) ; Finsch &
Hartlaub, Vog. Ostafr. p. 597 (1870).
The Ostrich.
Ilab. Africa.
2110. Skeleton. [Skull mounted in Separate Series.] 0. C.
1362 c. Stores.
2111. Skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1362. Hunterian.
2112. Skeleton. 0. C. 1362 a. Stores.
2113. Skeleton. 0. C. 1362 b. Stores.
2114. Skull (longitudinally bisected). 0. C. 1365 b. [Half of
the skull and most of the bones in the Separate Series.]
Stores.
2116. Skull, with the bones separately articulated. 0. C. 1364.
Purchased.
2116. Skull of vouno; Ijird. 0. C. 1365. Hunterian.
2117. Skull (injured). 0. C. 1365 a.
2118. Skull, disarticulated.
2119. Cranium, mounted to show palatine bones. S. S. 2055.
Stores.
2120. Vertebral column and pelvis of a quite young bird.
0. 0. 1366 A.
2121. Cervical vertebra, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1103.
Hunterian.
2122. Two cervical vertebrae of a young bird, one longitudinally
bisected. O.C. 1104.
Presented hy Professor Owen, F.R.S.
2123. Two cervical vertebra?. 0. C. 1368. Hunterian.
STKUTHIONES. 421
2124. Dorsal vertebra^ lon^itiulinally bisected. 0. C. 1105.
Iluntei'ian.
2126. Fourth to the eighth dorsal vertebra?. 0. V. 1375-1377.
Ilunterian.
2126. Sternum, Avith sterno-eostal bones on left side. 0. 0.
1369. Ilunterian.
2127. ►Sternum of young individual, with sterno-costal bones
and shoulder-girdle, 0. C. 1369 A.
2128. Sternum and shoulder-girdle of an old individual. 0. V.
1372 c.
2129. Sternum of young bird. 0. C. 1369 B.
2130. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1320.
Purchased.
2131. Two ossitied moieties of the sternum of a young bird.
0. C. 1369 c.
2132. Shoulder-girdle. 0. C 1372. Ilunterian.
2133. Shoulder-girdle of a young bird, showing the division
between the coracoid and the scapula. 0. C. 1372 a.
Stores, 1868.
2134. Shoulder-girdle of an old bird, with completely ossitied
scapula. 0. C. 1372 b. Stores, 1868.
2135. Hib-bones. 0. C. 1378-1384. Ilunterian.
2136. Third and sixth sterno-costal bones, right side. 0. C.
1370, 1371. Ilunterian.
2137. Bones of wings of a young bird. 0. C. 1367. Ilunterian.
2138. Right humerus of spec. 2114. S. S. 1321. Stores.
2139. Left humerus, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1373.
Huntenan.
2140. Left ulna. 0. (J. 1374. Ilunterian.
2141. Kiglit ulna of spec. 2114. S. S. 1322. Stores.
422 RATIT^E.
Struthio camelus.
2142. Eight radius of spec. 2114. S. S. 1323. Stores.
2143. Thorax and pelvis of a young hird. 0. C. 1366.
Iluntevlan.
2144. Pelvis of spec. 2114. S. S. 1319. Stores.
2145. Sacral and caudal vertebra; of young bird. 0. C. 1385.
Presented hy Sir Richard Oiceii, F.R.S.
2146. Iliac bones of young bird. 0. C. 1386.
Presented by Sir Richard Oioen^ F.R.S.
2147. Various bones of the legs of adult and young Ostriches,
some of them longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1391-1398.
Iluvterian.
2148. Right femora. 0. C. 1389, 1390. IJunterian.
2149. Right femur of si)ec. 2114. S. S 1324. Stores.
2150. Right tibia of spec. 2114. S. S. 1325. Stores.
2151. Right tibula of spec. 2114. S. S. 1326. Stores.
2152. Tibia and metatarsus, longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1113,
1114. Ilunterian.
2153. Metatarsus of young bird. 0. C. 1115.
Presented by Professor Oicen, F.R.S.
2154. Right pes of spec. 2114. S. S. 1327. Stores.
2155. Bones of right leg of a young Ostrich : mounted. S. S.
2053. Stores.
2166. Tiliia, fibula, and pes of a young Ostrich. S. S. 2054.
Stores.
UiXORNlTHIDJ:. 423
Sul.order 111. JF.PYORXirilTFORMES.
[(y. I-ydekkcr, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 211>.]
Funiily .EPYORNITHID^.
Geniis ^PYORNIS.
Isidore Geoffrey St.-Hilaire, Ann. Sci. Xiit, (3) xiv. p. 209 (1850).
SEpnornt'd ma)iimuS.
jEjn/ornis maximus, Isidore Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, ut sajmi ;
Lydekkcr, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 213 (1891).
The ^Epyornis.
Hall. Madagascar.
2157. Cast of left femur. (From the original in the Paris
Museum.) P resented Inj the Paris Museum.
2158. Cast of left tibio-tarsus. (From the original in the
Paris Museum.) I* resented hy the Paris Museum.
2159. Cast of distal end of right tarso-metatarsus. (From the
original in the Paris Museum.)
Presented hy the Paris Museum.
2160. Cast of distal end of left tarso-metatarsus. (From the
orifjinal in the Paris Museum.)
Presented by the Paris Museum.
Suhorder IV. />/ XOPXlTflES.
Family DlXORNITHIDiE *.
Genus DINORNIS t.
Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. 235 (1844).
* C/. Owen's Memoirs in the ' Transactions ' of the Zoological Society,
vols, iii.-xii. ; Lydekker, ('at. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. pp. 222-356.
t €/. Lydekkor, ibid. p. 222 (1891).
424 RATIT^.
Dinornis novce-zealandia', Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1843, p. 8.
Dlnorms gigantetis, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. pi. xxvii. fig. 1
(1844).
Dinornis ingens, Owen, Trans. Zool. See. iii. p. 247 (1844).
The Moa.
Ilah. North Island, New Zealand ; but apparently repre-
sented by a rather smaller race in the northern part of the
South Island {Lydekker, t. c).
2161. Skeleton : mounted.
2162. Cranium. No Jiistonj.
2163. Two cervical vertebrae. No Idstory.
2164. Two dorsal vertebrae. No liistory.
2165. Five dorsal vertebrae. From Poverty Bay, North Island,
New Zealand. [Not recorded in ' Catalogue of Fossil
Mammalia and Aves.']
Presented hy iJean Buckland, F.R.S.
2166. Pelvis and sacrum. From Poverty Bay. [Numbered
1558 A of Fossil ('atalogue, but not recorded therein. f]
Presented by Dean Buckland, F.R.S.
2167. Right femur. From Poverty Bay. F. C. 15(35 A.
[No. 185SI2 of Lydekker's Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus.]
Presented hy Dean Buckland, F.R.S.
3168. Eight femur. From Opito, near Mercury Bay, East
Coast of North Island. Found a few feet below the
surface, close to an ancient cooking-place, wiih smaller
bones of birds and fishes.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 224 (1891).
t It is to be noted that more than one of the original types of Binorjuthidcc,
described in the old ' Catalogue of Fossil Mainnialia and Aves,' are no longer
to be found in the Museum of the College, though casts of them exist in the
British Museum, to which they were presented by the Council of the Royal
College of Surgeons. {Cf. Ly dekker, t. c. pp. 225, 227.] Tossibly the
substitution of " right " and " left'' in the figures may have occasioned some
confusion in the identiticatiou of some of the specimens.
DINORXITUIl>iE. 425
2169. l{i<;ht fcMiuir. North Island.
Presented l>ij the lie v. \V. Cotton.
2170. Left tibio-tarsns of female. From Poverty Bay. F. C.
1566. One of the t^-pes of 1). yiijantevs. ( Cf. Lydekker,
Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 225.)
2171. Rio;ht tibio-tarsus of male. From Poverty Bay. Not in
Catalofjue of Fossils.
Presented hj Dean Buckland, F.R.S.
2172. Tvight tibio-tarsus of male. Marked " Z^. ingens.""
No liistorj.
2173. Left tarso-metatarsus of female.
Presented hy J. Ruthven, Esq.
2174. Kight tarso-metatarsus of male. Marked " D. giganteus,
foem. ? " iVo liidorg.
Stnonu'si mavtmu:^.
Dlnornis rohustus, Owen, pt.
Dinornis giganteus, Owen, pt.
Dinornis maximus, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. vi. p. 497(1808);
Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 229 (1891).
The South Island Moa.
Hub. South Island, New Zealand.
2175. Imperfect cranium. No histviy.
2176. Fragments of bill. No history.
2177. Left femur. From Middle Island.
Presented hg Mr. Sartor.
2178. Left tibio-tarsus of female.
Presented hg the Rev. R. Taylor.
2179. Right tibio-tarsus of female. No history.
2180. Left tibia of female (imperfect).
Presented hy W. D. Napier, E.^'j.
2181. Right tibia of female (imperfect). No hidory.
42(i EATIT^.
2182. Left tibio-tarsus of female (imperfect). From Middle
Island. Presented hy Mr. Slwrtland.
2183. Right tibio-tarsus of female (imperfect). No hutori/.
2184. Distal end of right tibio-tarsus. No history.
2185. Left tibio-tarsus of male. Marked " D. rohustus.'"
No history.
2186. Distal end of right tibio-tarsus of male. Marked " I).
crassus.^^ No Idstory.
2187. Distal end of right tibio-tarsus of male.
Presented by ir. J). Najiier, Esq.
2188. Distal end of left tibia of young specimen.
2189. Left tarso-metatarsus of supposed female.
2190. liight tarso-metatarsus of supposed male.
2191. Eight metatarsus of supposed male.
Prese)ded hy J. Puthren, Esq.
2192. First phalanx of digit. No history.
iBhiorniiS, sp. (? D. robustus, Owen *.)
2193. Right tibio-tarsus. Marked " I), ingens." No Idstory.
2194. Left tibio-tarsus. Presented hy W. D. Napier., Esq.
2195. Left tibio-tarsus. Presented by W. D. Napier, Esq.
2196. Upper end of left tibio-tarsus of young bird.
Presented hy W. JJ. Napier, Es<p
2197. Upper end of left tibio-tarsus of adult. Marked '' I).
crassus."" No Idstory.
2198. Right tarso-metatarsus. Marked " I), inyens.'"
No lu story.
2199. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked " D. robustus.^''
Presented by J. Rntliven, Esq.
2200. Left metatarsus of young bird.
Presented hy J. Doiiyhcs, Esq.
* Cy. Lydrkker, Cat. Fossil Birdt Brit. Mus. p 2.30 (180]).
DINORNITIIIl"^. 427
JDtnonus ^trutijtoitJfS *.
Dinornis (Palapteri/x) stntthioides, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii,
p. 244(1844),
Dinornis novcB zealandicn, Owen, pt.
Dinornis strutJiioides, Lydekkcr, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. ^Nfus. p. 242
(18U1).
The Ostrich-like Moa.
IJah. Both islands of New Zealand.
2201. Posterior fragment of skull. F. C. 1552.
2202. Kight femur. Marked " I), imjens:' F. C. 1569.
No hi.ifori/.
2203. Left femur. F. 0. 1571. Marked " Z>. stvnth'/oklesy
No liistorii.
2204. Left femur. Marked " T). striifhioides." No hiiftory.
2205. Left tibio-tarsus. Marked " D. dromceoides."
No liistory.
2206. Left tibio-tarsus. F. C. 1576 a. Marked " I). drom(t>~
Oldest No hi dor If.
2207. Left tibio-tarsus of immature bird. Marked " X>. im/f7iSy
young." No history,
2208. Right tarso-metatarsns. Marked '' D. dromceoides.'^
No liistorif.
2209. Right tarso-metatarsus. No liixtory.
2210. Left tarso-mctatarsus. F. C. 1574. Marked " 1). sfru-
thioides.^''
2211. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked " D. sfn/fhioides."
Presented by Sir George Grey,
2212. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked " 1). dromceoides.'"
No Id story,
2213. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked " 1). dromceoide.'^."
JSo history.
* The specimen.:f lierc catalogued belong' either to D. struthivi'tc/- oc
J>. (irncilif.
428 RATIT^.
Genus MEGALAPTERYX.
Haast, Trans. Zool. Soc. xii. p. 161 (1886).
ilHrgalapttryv ]^fctori.
Megalajyteryx hectori, Haast, xit sujn-d ; Lydekker, Cat, Fossil
Birds Brit. Mus. p. 252 (1891).
Hector's Moa.
Ilab. South Island, New Zealand.
2214. Cast of the bones of the left leg (left femur, left tibio-
tarsus, and left tarso-nietatarsus).
Presented by the Christchurch JIuseum.
Genus ANOMALOPTERYX *.
Eeichenbach, Nat. Sj'st. Vtig. p. xxx (1852).
Snomalopttri)^- cajiuaniia t.
Dinornis casuarinus, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. 322 (1846).
Anomalopteryx casuarina (Owen), Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds
Brit. Mus. p. 257 (1891).
The Casuarine Moa.
Hah. Both islands of New Zealand.
2215. Six crania, more or less imperfect, mostly referable to
this species. No history.
2216. Mandible. No history.
2211. Two mandibles and fragments of proemaxilla. No Jiistory.
* Cf. Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 2o4 (1891).
t Although there is no doubt that there are a considerable number of
species in this genus, the specific determination of isolated bones is almost
impossible, the smaller individuals of the larger species merging into tho
larger ones of the smaller, so far as the dimensions of the bones are con-
cerned.
DlNOIiNITHID^.
429
2218. Right femur.l
Received in exchange from tlie Christchurch Museum.
2219. Left fomur. iVo history.
2220. Two rinht feinoni. Presented by J. Douglas, Esq.
2221. Left femur. Presented by J. Dour/las, Esq.
2222. Left femur. Presented by W. J). Napier, Esq.
2223. Left femur. Miirkc^d " D. dromceoides.^^ No history.
2224. Left femur. No history.
2225. Left femur. Presented by J. Douglas, Esq.
2226. Left femur. From Otago. Presented by Dr. Forbes.
2227. Right femur. No history.
2228. Riglit til)io-t:irsus.
Received in exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
2229. Right tibio-tursus. No history.
2230. Right tibio-tarsus. Presented by W. D. Napier, Esq.
2231. Right tibio-tarsus. Presented by \V. D. Napier, Esq.
2232. 2233. Right tibio- tarsi. No history.
2234. Right tibio-tarsus.
Presented by Messrs. Barker and Lingen.
2235. Right tibio-tarsus. Presented by W. D. Naqner, Esq.
2236. Right tibio-tarsus of iuimature bird.
Presented by W. D. Napier, Esq.
2237. Left tibio-tarsus.
Received in exchange from the Christcliurch Museum.
2238. Left tibio-tarsus. No history.
2239. Left til)io-tarsus. Presented by J. DouglcLS, Esq.
2240. Left tibio-tarsus. No history.
430 RATIT^.
HnomaloptcrDv raguarina.
2241. Left tibio-tarsus. Presented Inj Messrs. Barker and Limjen ,
2242. Right tarso-nietatarsus. Presented hy J. T)ou<iIas, Esq.
2243. Riglit tai'so-metatarsus.
Received hi exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
2244. Right tai'so-metatarsus. No lustorij.
2245. Right tarso-metatarsus. Marked " i). rA^^iVZt'5."
Presented hy the Rev. \V. Cotton.
2246. JJight tarso-metatarsus. Presented by the Pev. J. Taylor.
2247. Left tarso-metatarsus. Presented />y J. Doiu/las, Esq.
2248. Left tarso-metatarsus. Preserved J>y J. Colenso, Esq.
2249. Left tarso-metatarsus. (Collected by the Rev. Ouvry.
North.)
Received in exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
2250. Left tarso-uietatarsus. Marked''!), rheides.''
Presented hy the Rev. J. Taylor.
2251. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked '' T). rheides.'" JSfo history.
2252. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked " I), rheides." No history.
2253. Left tarso-metatarsus. From Poverty Bay. F. C. 1588.
Presented hy Dean BucJdand, F.R.S.
Dinornis dromceoides, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. 25.3 (1844).
Anomalo2Jteryx dronueoides, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil liirds Brit.
Mus. p. 260 (1891).
The Emu-like Moa.
Hah. Both islands of New Zealand.
2254. Left femur. Type specimen. From Poverty Bay, North
Island. F. C. 1575.
Presented hy Dean Duckktnd, F.R.S.
DINORNITHID^. 431
The following specimens approximate to this type : —
2255. Right femur. -lYo history.
2256. Hight femur. JSo hisfon/.
2257. Right femur. No hidori/.
2258. Right femur. Presented by Messrs. Barker and Lingen.
2259. Right femur. No history.
2260. Right femur. No history.
2261. Right femur. No history.
2262. Richt femur. Presented by Sir George Grey.
2263. Left femur. No history.
2264. Left femur. Presented by the Rev. J. Taylor.
2265. Left femur. No history.
The following specimens of tibio-tarsal bones agree in relative
size with the foregoing femora, but some probably belong to
A. didifurmis, if that species bq really distinct : —
2266. Right tibio-tarsus. No history.
2267. Two right tibio-tarsi.
Received in exchange from the Christchnrch Museum.
2268. Right tibio-tarsus. No history.
2269. Right tibio-tarsus. F. C. L581.
2270. Right tibio-tarsus. No history.
2271. Right tibio-tarsus. No history.
2272. Right tibio-tarsus. No history.
2273. Right tibio-tarsus of imuuiture bird. From Otngo.
Presented by II. A. L)e Latour, Esq.
2274. Left tibio-tarsus. No history.
2275. Left tibio-tarsus. (Collected by the Rev. Ouvry North.)
Received in rxcltange from the Christchnrch Museum.
432 RATIT.E.
^nomaloptfrwv lirom.-fotKfS.
Of the following specimens of the tarso-metatarsus, some
probably belong to the next species : —
2276. Right tarso-metatarsus. Marked " ./>. did//ormis."
No history.
2277. Right and left tarso-metatarsi. (Collected by the Rev.
Ouvry North.)
Received in exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
2278. Three left tarso-metatarsi. Marked " D. didiformis.''
No history.
2279. Left tarso-metatarsus. No history.
2280. Left tarso-metatarsus.
Presented by Messrs. Barker and Lingen.
2281. Left tarso-metatarsus. Presented by II. D. Napier, Esq.
Snomalopttrnj: UttJiformisi,
Dinornis didiformis, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. 242 (1844).
Anomalopteryx didiformis, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus.
p. 275 (1891).
The Didine Moa.
Ilab. Both islands of New Zealand.
2282. Skeleton: mounted. F.C.I 588 A.
Presented by Sir Julius von Ilaast, F.R.S.
2283. Two right femora. No history.
2284. Right femur. Marked " B. rheides." No history.
2285. Inner half of right femur, longitudinally bisected. F. C.
1579. No history.
2286. Right femur. Presented by W. D. Napier, Esq.
2287. Left femur. F. C. 1578. Marked " Z>. didiformis.''
No history.
2288. Three left femora. Marked " D. rheides," " D. didiformis;'
" I). dromieoidi'K. juv."
DIXORN'ITHIU.*:.
433
2289. Tlirec right tihio-tjirisi. Pi-PseiitM hy the Rew W. Cotton.
2290. Right tibio-tarsus. Presented hj If. A. Latoar, Ei^q.
2291. "Right and loft tibio-tarsi.
Presented hij W. J). Napier, Esq.
2292. Four left tibio-tiirsi. Marked " D. curtns, D. rJieides, and
J), didiformis:' Presented Inj W. D. Xapier, Esq.
2293. Left iibio-tarsus, F. C. 1583.
2294. Left tibio-tarsus. Marked " D. curtns.'"
Presented hy the Per. W. Cotton.
229.5. Left tibio-tarsus. Marked " I), didifornus.''
Presented hy W. Brodie, Esq.
2296. Left tiliio-tarsus of adult and two tibia? of young birds.
Presented hy S/r (jreorge Grey.
2297. Two ti])ia? of young birds.
Presented l»i Sir Julius ]'on Ilaast, F.P.S.
2298. Three right and two left tarso-meta tarsi. Marked " i>.
gercuwides, D. curtus.'' ^^^ history.
2299. Two left tarso-metatarsi. Presented hy the Rev. J. Taylor.
2300. Right tarso-metatarsus : type of species. F. C. 1585.
No history,
2301. Right tarso-nietatarsus. Presented hy the Rev. W. Cotton.
2302. Metatarsus of young bird. Marked " />. rheides.''
Presented hy Sir Geonje Grey.
^Inomaloptn-yv cuvta.
Dlnornis curia, Owen, Trans. Zool. 8oc. iii. p. :i25 (1846).
Anomalopteriix curta, Lyrlckker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 281
(1891).
The Dwarf Mo a.
JM). Both islands of New Zealand.
2303. Two right and one left femora. Marked " IK rurtus."
Presented hy the Rev. J. Taylor.
P.\KT III. '^ ^
434 RATIT^.
^nomaloptrrnv fiuta.
2304. Right femur. F. 0. 1577. No history.
2305. Left femur. Marked " D. cuHn.^.'' JVo liistonj.
2306. Left tibio-tarsus. Marked " D. curtus.'" No lustonj.
2307. Two right tarso-metatarsi.
Presented In/ the Rev. .J. Taylor.
2308. Left metatarsus. Presented hy the Rev. J. Taylor.
^nomaloptcrpv (?) gcranoiKfS.
Pdapteryx geranoides, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc.iii. p. 346 (1848).
Anomalopteryx (?) geranoides, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit.
Mus. p. 288 (1891).
The Crane-like Moa.
Hah. Both islands of New Zeakmd.
2309. Right and left tarso-metatarsi. Marked " 7>. didiformis
and D. gercmoidesr No history.
2310. Left tarso-metatarsus. Marked " D. didiformis:'
Presented hy the Rev. W. Cotton.
Genus EMEUS *.
Eeichenbach, Nat. Syst. Vug. p. xxx (1852). ■
(irmtug grabiprs.
Dinoryiis gravis, Owen, pt.
Emeus gravipes, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 298
(1891).
The HEAVY-rooTED Moa.
Hah. Routh Island, New Zealand.
2311. Two left tibio-tarsi. (Collected by the Rev. Ouvry
North.)
Received in exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
* Cf. Lydekker, Oat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus. p. 297 (1891).
DINORNITHID.E. 435
2312. liiglit tarso-metatarsus. (Collected hy the Rev. Ouvrv
Xurth.)
Received in exchange from the Christ clairch Museum.
2313. Right tarso-metatarsus. Presented by J. Douglas, Esq.
Dlaornis crassus, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. p. 325 (184G).
Emeus crassus, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Erit. Mus. p. 307
(1891).
The Stout Mo a.
Hal). South Island, New Zealand.
2314. Seventeen vertebrae.
Received in exchange from the Christ church Mm^eum.
2315. Pelvis.
Received in exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
2316. Right femnr. JSo liistory.
2317. Right and left femora. Presented hy Sir George Grey.
2318. Right and left femora.
Received in exchange from the Cliristcliurcli Museum.
2319. Right femur. Presented hy J. Shortland, Esq.
2320. Right femur. Presented hy J. Douglas, Esq.
2321. Right and left tibio-tarsi.
Received in exchange from the Christchurch Museum.
2322. Right tibio-tarsus. Presented hy W. D. Napier, Esq.
2323. Left tibio-tarsus. " Found in peat swamp." Ko history.
2324. Left tibio-tarsus. Marke<l '•/?. m«ucov?u/s." Ko history.
2325. Tarso-meiatarsi, probably of this species. iVo history.
2326. liight tarso-metatarsus. No history.
2327. One right and three left turso-metatarsi.
Presented In/ J. Douglas, Esq.
436 KATIT.TC.
Genus PACHYORNIS.
Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Eirds Brit. Mus. p. ;il(5 (1891).
iSadjuorms" flfpi)antopu^.
Dinornis elepliantopus, Owen, Trans. Zool. Soe. iv. p. 149 (1853),
Pachyornis elepliantopus, Lydekker, Cat. Fossil Birds Brit. Mus.
p. 321 (1891).
The Elephant-footed Moa.
Hah. South Island, New Zealand.
2328. Pelvis.
Received in excliange from the Cliristchurch Museum.
2329. Right femur. No history.
2330. Right femur. Presented hy W. I). Napier, Esq.
2331. Left femora. Presented by W. D. Napier, Esq.
2332. Left femora. Presented hy II. A. De Latour, Esq,
2333. Left tibia. Presented hy W. D. Napier, Esq.
i9ati)uonitiS, sp.
2334. Fragment of cranium. No history.
2335. Left tibio- tarsus.
Received in excliange from the Christ church Museum.
2336. Right tibio-tarsus.
Received in excliange from the Cliristchurch Museum.
2337. Left tarso-metatarsu>.
Received in excliange from the Christchurch Museum.
Bonks of a Species of Moa (undetermined).
2338. Right half of os innnminatum. F. 0. 1550.
2339. Pelvis. F. C. 156L
2340. Pelvis longitudinally bisected. 0. C. 1388.
Presented hy Archdeacon WH Hants.
f'AsuAHiiD^:. 437
Suborder V. CASUAEII*.
[_Cf. Seebohm, Classif. B. p. 48.]
A. Keel of sternum obsolete.
B. Vomer coalesced with the niaxillu-palutines.
C. Length of liuinerus less than the combined length of three
dorsal vertebia?.
D. Hallux absent.
E. Second, third, and fourth dioits present and directed for-
wards.
Family CASUARIID^.
Genus DROM.SUS.
Vieillot, Analj-se, p. 54 (1^16).
Dromseus novae-hollandiae.
Casuarius noine h Uandio', Latham, Ind. Oru. ii. p. 665 (1790),
Dromaius novce-JioIlaudice, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 200
(1865).
The Emu.
Hah. Australia.
2341. Skeleton. 0. C. 1358. South Collection.
2342. Skeleton of an individual six weeks old. 0. C. 1358 a.
Purchased.
2343. Skeleton. O.C. 1358 a. Purchased.
2344. Skeleton. 0. C. 1358 b. [Many of the bones mounted
in the Separate Series.] Presented hy J. Busk, E.v^.
2345. Skull, with horny sheath on left side of bill. 0. C. 1359.
Presented hy Sir Everard Home, Bart., F.R.S.
2346. Skull of a young bird, disarticulated and mounted. 0. C.
1354 A. Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
* =Cat<i(ariif'jriiic.<, Sharpe, Review, p. o7.
438 RATn\E.
Dromseus novae-hollandiae.
2347. Skull of a young bird, disarticulated. 0. C. 13(50 B.
Presented hy P. L. Sclater, Es(j., F.P.S.
2348. Cranium of a young individual. 0. 0. 1360.
2349. Bones of an unhatched chick. 0. C 13(30 a.
2350. Sternum. 0. 0. 1358 c. Stores, 1868.
2351. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. 1822.
Gould Collection.
2352. Pelvis. 0. C. 1358ca. Stores.
2353. Sternum and metatarsus. 0. C. 1358 d, 1358 e.
Stores, 1868.
2354. Sacrum and pelvis of young bird, longitudinally bisected.
0. C. 1387. Presented by Sir Richard Owen, F.P.S.
2355. Section of upper part of femur. 0. C. 1358 f. Purchased.
2356. Left foot of young bird. S. S. 2522. Stores.
2357. Right and left femora. 0. C. 1358 d. Stores.
2358. Rioht and left metatarsi. 0. C. 1358 D. Stores.
2359. Left foot of vouno- bird. Stores.
Genus CASUARIUS.
J3risson, Oni. v. p. 10 (1700).
Casuarius bennetti.
Casufirius bemutti, Gould, Proc*. Zoo). Sue. 1857, p. ~(i\), pi. cxxix. ;
Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 501 (1882).
The Mooe.uk.
flab. New Britain.
2360. Bones of trunk. 0. C. 1357 B. Purchased.
CASUARIIDiK. 439
Casuarius galeatus.
Casunn'us gnleatus, Vieillot, N. Diet, d'Hist. Nat. v. p. 345,
pi. Bii. fig. 1 (ISIG); Salvadori, Orn. Pap. iii. p. 479 (1882).
The Common Cassowary.
Hah. Moluccas.
2361. Articulated skeleton : mounted. O.CM35G. Purchased.
2362. Skeleton. [Many of the bones mounted in the Separates
Series.] O. C. 1356 D.
2363. Skull. S.S. (JGlA. Purchased.
2364. Sternum, with right coracoid and scapula. S. S. G50.
Stores.
2365. Sternum and pelvis of young bird. 0. C. 1356 a, 1356 a a.
2366. Sternum and pelvis. 0. C. 1356 c, 1356 c a.
Stores, 1868.
2367. Foot : mounted. S. S. 660. Stores.
2368. Dried foot. Hunterian.
Casuarius australis.
Casuarius australis. Wall, Illustrated Sydney Herald, June 3
(1854) ; Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 20G (1805).
The Australian Cassowary.
Hab. Northern Australia.
2369. Skeleton (libukTe wanting). Queensland (Mr. Scott).
0. C. 1357 A. Presented by P. L. Sclater, Esq., F.R.S.
440 RATIT.E.
Family DR0M0RN1THID.E.
Genus DROMORNIS.
Owen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1872, p. 682.
i9romorniiS ausitraltsi.
Dromornis australis, Owen, ut supra ; Lj'dekker, Cat. Fossil Birds
Brit. Mus. p. 355 (1891).
The Dromornis.
Hah. Eastern Australia.
2370. Cast of right femur.
Presented by the Australian Museum, Sydney.
APPENDIX.
The followino; spooiineu^;, Hunterian or IIunt(M'i;iii Substitutes,
have been omittetl from the body of tlie ])resent work because
the name assigned to them has been found to bo incorrect, and
tlie species cannot now be exactly determined, or cslse the species
is a conunon one and the specimen is in too imperfect or
damaged a condition to warrant its incorporation in the general
series of skeletons.
2371. Skeleton of a Passerine Bird (pro])ably a species of Bower-
Bird). 0. 0. 1597. Hunterian Suhsfitiiie.
2372. Skeleton of a Passerine Bird (indeterminable). 0. C.
1586. Hunterian Suhstitute.
Psittacus, sp.
2373. Skeleton. 0. C. 1456. Ihuiterian.
Pteroglossus, sp.
2374. Lower mandible (imperfect). O. C. 1466. Hunterian.
Haliaetus, sp.
2375. Skeleton : mounted. 0. C. 1624. Hunterian.
Pelecanus, sp.
2376. Imperfect skull. 0. 0. 1170. Htinterian.
PART III. 2 G
442 APPENDIX.
Nycticorax, sp.
2377. Skull [iJentified as Ficvs martivs, O. C. 1471].
Hunterian.
Mycteria australis {vide ontea, p. 282).
2378. Sknll (imperfect) with horny sheath of mandibles. 0. C.
1310. Hunterian.
Larus, sp.
2379. Bones of trunk. 0. C. 1236. Hunterian.
2380. Dorsal vertebrre of large bird (undetermined), 0. C.
110.5 a. Hunterian.
ERRATA.
Page 69. Insert before riemis MELIORNIS :—
Family MELIPHAGID^.
Page 109. Insert before Lalage sykesii : —
Genus LALAGE.
Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 97-3.
Page 122. Insert after Geuus HADROSTOMUS :—
Cabanis, Mus. Hein. Th. ii. p. 84 (18.59).
Page 186. Insert after Genus CHRYSOCOLAPTES :
151ytL, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xii. p. 1004 (1843).
Page 188. For Eurostopodus maculatus read Eurostopodus albigu-
laris.
ALrHABETICAL INDEX.
abyssinicus (Buceros),
195.
abvssinicus (Bucorvus),
■]9o.
acadica (Xyctala), 237.
acadica (Strix), 237.
Acanthis, 51.
Acantbiza, 88.
Acanthoclisera, 72.
Acanthorhynchus, 74.
Accentor, 98.
Accipiter, 212.
accipitrina (Strix), 235.
accipitrimis (Asio), 235.
Acred ula, 78.
Acridotberes, 24.
AcrocepbaUis, 88.
acuta (Ana^\ 302.
acuta (Dafila), 302.
acuticauda (Munia), 40.
acuticauda (Uroloucba),
40.
acutirostris (Neomor-
pha), 25.
acutirostris (Hetera-
locba), 25.
adelaidae (Platycercus),
258.
Adjutant, African. 282.
Adjutiuir, Indian, 281.
j^giabtis, 34f).
.-Egitbina, 106.
ffigocepbala (Limosa),
360.
ffigocepbala (Scolopax),
3(10.
,5]g()tlieles, 18S.
aegyptiacii (Anas), 294.
Eegvptiaca (Cbenalopex),
294.
fpgvptiacus (Cbenalopex),
2<J4.
regvptius (Charadrius),
344.
iEgyptius (Falco), 222.
segyptius (Milvus), 222.
a;gyptius (Pluvianus),
344.
^Iurcedu3, 19.
fpnea (Ilypocbgera), 38.
yEpyornis, 423.
a'quinoetialis (Maja-
queus), 317.
icquinoctiabs (Procel-
laria), 317.
a;ruginosu3 (Circus),
210.
iEruginosus (Conurus),
249.
a?ruginosus (Falco), 210.
arugiuosus (Psittacus),
249.
sestiva (Cbrysotis), 250._
iEstiva (Dendroeca), 65,
66.
testiva (Mntacilla), 65.
a;stiva (Pyranga), 45._
sestivus (Psittacus), 250.
retbereus (Pbaeton), 264.
^tbvia, 306.
affini's (Fubgulu). 305.
aflinis (Fulix), 305.
afflnis (Geococcyx), 172.
affinis (Pardalotus), 69.
afra (Cbalcopelia), 155.
afra (Cobiniba), 155.
afra (Loxia), 3.5.
afra (^Pyromelana), 35,
36.
Agaporuis, 257.
Agelffius, 32.
a«iHs (Cbrysotis), 251.
ngibs (Psittacus), 251.
Aitburus, 127.
Aix, ••504.
Alauda, 61.
alba (Ardea), 374.
alba (Cbionis), 340.
alba (Ciconia), 281.
Albatrus, Bbick-eye-
browed, 315.
Albatrod, Ciiinese, 315.
Albatro.s. Shy, 316.
Albatrus, Sooty, 316.
Albatros, Wandering,
313.
Albatros, Yellow-nosed,
315.
albelliLs(Mergus),312.
albeola (Anas), 310.
albeola (Clangula), 310.
albicilla (Halcyon),
179.
albicilla (Haliatitus),
218.
albicilla (Vultur), 218.
albicoUis (Capri niulgus),
187.
albicoUis (Nyctidromus),
187, 188.
albifrons (Acantbiza),
98.
albifrons (Epbtbianura),
98.
albifrons (Miro), 113.
albifrons (Turdus), 113.
albigularis (Loxia), 48.
albigularis (Spermo-
phila), 48.
albiscapa (Rbipidura),
114.
albigularis (Capriniul-
gus), 188.
albogularis (Eurostopo-
dus), 188.
Alca, 326.
Alcedo, 175.
alcyon (Alcedo), 177.
alcyon (Ceryle), 177.
Alcvone, 17().
alet-tor (Crax), 408.
alio (Alca), 329.
alle (Mergulus), 329. _
alleni (Porphyrio), 376.
alpestris (Otocorys), (SO.
alpina (Tringa), 356.
Alpine Pipit, 64.
Alsponax, 110.
aluco (Strix), 236.
aluoo (Syrnium), 2.36.
Amadina, 37.
Aiuazjn, .Votive, 251.
Amazon, 'Blue-faced,
250.
444
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Amazon, Gold en -raped,
251.
Amazon, Orange-winged,
250.
Amazon, Eed-tliroated,
250.
Amazon, Yellow-fronted,
251.
amazona (Alcedo), 178.
amazona (Ceryle), 178.
amazonica (Chr.ysotis),
250.
aniazonicus (PsittaLUis),
250.
American Eobin, 91.
aniericana (Anas), 3(l3.
americana (Clangula),
310.
americana (Fulica), 378.
americana (Mareca),
303.
americana (Parula), 6(i.
americana (Rhea), 418.
americanus (Coccjzus),
168.
americanus (Cuculus),
168.
americanus (Parus), 66.
Ammodromus, 59.
Ammoperdix, 402.
Ampelis, 86.
Anas, 299.
Anellobia, 73.
anglorum (Procellaria),
318.
anglorum (Puffinus),
318.
angolensis (Falco), 220.
angolensis (Qypohierax),
220.
angolensis (Merops),
194.
auhinga (Plotus), 269.
ani (Crotophaga), 172.
Anomalopteryx, 428.
Anorthura, 97.
Anous, 339.
anoxautha (Loxigilla),
48.
anoxantha (Spermo-
phila), 48.
Anser, 291.
Anseranas, 289.
autaretica (Anas), 293.
antarctica (Bernicla),
293.
antarctica (Columba),
14(5.
antarcticus (Lopliolai-
nms), 146.
Anihracoceros. 198.
Anlhropoides, 365.
Ant bus, 64.
autigoue (Ardea), 364.
anrigone (Grus), 364.
Antrostomus, 187.
Aphi-iza, 349.
apuda (Paradise;)), 17.
Apro.smictus, 255.
Aptenodytes, .325.
Apreryx, 4l().
Aptornis, 381.
apus (Oypselus), 183.
apus (Hirundo), 183.
aquaticus (Cinclus), 97.
aquaticus (Ilallu.i),
381.
Aquila, 216.
aquila (Fregata), 271.
aquila (Pelecanus), 271.
Ara, 247.
Aram us, 367.
ararauna (Ai-a), 247,
248.
ararauna (Psittacus),
247.
arborea (Alauda), 61.
arb>irea (Anas), 298.
arborea (Dendrocygna),
298.
arborea (Lullula), 61.
Arcbibuleo, 215.
Arctic Willow-Warbler,
87.
arctica (Alca), 329.
arctica (Erytbaca), 95.
arctica (Fratercnla), 329,
330.
arctica (Sialia), 95.
arctica (Sterna), 338.
arcuatus (Numenius),
362.
Ardea, 273.
Ardetta, 275.
arenaria (Calidris),
358.
arenaria (Tetrao), 370.
arenaria (Tringa), 358.
arenariu.s (Pterocles),
370.
argala (Leptoptilus),
281.
argentatus (Larus),
334.
arcus (Argusianus),
■397.
argus (Pliasia)ius), 397.
Argusianus, 397.
argiita (Strepera), 82.
ariel (Rjmmpbastos).
40.
arquata (Numenius),
362.
Artanuis, 26.
arven&is (Alauda), 61.
asiatica (Cyanops), 139.
asiatica (Megalaema),
139.
asiatica (Perdicula), 404.
asiaticus (Trogon), 139.
Asio, 234.
assimilis (Circus), 210.
Astur, 211.
ateralbus (Centropus),
170.
ateralbus (Nesoeentor),
170.
atra (Fulica), 377.
atrata (Anas), 29(5.
atrata (Ceratogymna),
199.
atrata (Cheuopis), 296.
atratus (Buceros), 199.
atratus (Cyguus), 2915.
atratus (8pliagolobus),
199.
atricapilla (Motacilla),
87. _
atricapilla (Sylvia), 87.
Atrichia, 117.
atrigula (Ploceus), 42.
audax (I'roaetus), 216.
audax (Vultur), 216.
Auk, Crested, 331.
Auk, Great, 326.
Auk, Little, 329.
Auk, Parrot, 3.30, 331.
Auk, Razor-billed, .327.
Aulacorhampbus, 142.
aura (QSnops), 203.
aura (Rbynogryphus),
203.
aura (Vultur), 203.
aurantius (Bracby-
pternus). 13.5.
aurantius (Picus), 13-5.
auricapilla (Motacilla),
65.
aurifrons (Cbloropsis),
105.
aurifrons (Pbyllornis),
105.
aurigaster (Pycaonotus),
105.
aurigaster (Turd us),
105.
auripalliata (Andro-
glos-ia), 251 .
auripalliata (Chrysotis),
251.
auripalliatus (Psittacus),
251.
aurita (Otis), 373.
aurita (Sypbeotidos),
373.
aurituui (Crossoptilon),
393.
aurilus (Phasianus),
393.
ALrilABETICAL INDEX.
445
aiirocapillus (Seiurus),
(>5.
aust.ralasiana (Certbia),
70.
australaaiana (Liclimcra),
70.
australis (Acrocephalus),
88.
australis (Aptorvx),
41U
australis (Calanioherpe),
88.
australis (Casuarius),
439.
au.stralis fClioriotis),
;!72.
australi.s (Corone), 11.
australis (Corvus), II.
australis (Droiiiornis),
440.
australis (Eojjsaltria),
8.^, 8().
australis (Eurystomus),
102.
australis (Excalfactoria),
400.
australis (Faico), 200.
australis (Fulica), 377.
australis (Gallinago),
3o4.
australis (Glossopsitta-
cus), 242.
australis (Ibycter), 209.
australis (Motacilla),
8.5.
australis (Mvcteria),
282, 442.
australis (Nyroca), 30f).
australis (Ocydromus),
380.
australis (Otis), 372.
australis (Psittacus),
242.
australis (Eallus), 380.
australis (RhyncLaa),
35.->.
australis (Scolopax), 3r)4.
australis (Spliecothere.s),
30.
australis (Sula), 2(i5.
australis (Xenorhyn-
clius), 282.
Avoeet, Comniou, 3r)0.
Avocel, Red-necked,
3:>o.
avocetta (Ilimantopus),
350.
avocetta (Eecurvirostra),
3:)0.
axillaris (Elanus), 223.
axillaris (Fal o), 223.
azurea (Alccdo), 170.
azurca (Alcyone), 170.
Babbler. Jungle, 104.
babylonicus (Falco),
2'2r).
barlius (Astur), 211.
badius (Falco), 211.
balianiensis (Anns),
302.
babainensis (Dafila),
302.
Balasniceps, 279.
Balearica, 3()().
Banana-bird, 34.
bankiva (Gallus), 39.").
banksi (Calyptorhyn-
chus), 242.
banksii (Psittacus). 242.
barbatus (Gypactus),
21. -I.
burbatus (Pvcnonotus),
10(5.
barbatus (Tardus),
I0<i.
barbatus (Yultur), 215.
Barbet, Blue-faced,
139.
Barbet, Orimson-gor-
geted, 139.
Barbet, Hodgson's
Lineated, 139.
barbirostris (Blacieus),
120.
barbirostris (Tyrannula),
120.
Barn-Owl, Australian,
238.
Baru-Owl, Common,
237.
barrabandii (Polytelis),
255.
barrabandii (P.sittacus),
255.
bassana (Sula), 264.
bassanus (Pelecanus),
204.
baudinii (Calyplorhyn-
chus), 243.
Baza, 223.
Bee-eater, Australian,
194.
Bee-eater, Blue-cbeeked,
194.
Bee-eater, Blue-tailed,
194.
Beeeater, Green, 195.
Bell-birl, 122.
Bellona, 129.
bengalensis (Alcedo),
170
bcngalensis (Bubo), 231.
bcngaleusis (Oentropiis),
i7o.
bcTisalcnsis (Cuculus),
170.
bengalensis (Molpastes),
100.
bengalensis (Otus), 231.
bengalensis (Pseudo-
gyps), 208.
ben-^alensis (Pycnonotus),
100.
bennetti (Casuarius),
4.38.
bergii (Sterna), .338.
berigora (Falco), 227.
Bernicla, 292.
betulina (Bonasia), 40t).
bewickii (Cygnus), 295,
290.
biarniicus (Panurus), 78.
biarniicus (Parus), 78.
bicolor (Grallina), 111.
bicolor (Mcrops), 194.
bicolor (Petroeca), HI,
112.
bicornis (Buceros), 197.
bicornis (Dicboceros),
197.
Bird of Paradise, Lesser,
18.
birostris (Buceros), 200.
birostris (Lophoceros),
200.
Bisbop-bird, Black-bel-
lied, 30.
Bisbop-bird, Red, 3.5.
bispecularis (Garrulus),
1.5.
Bittern, American, 278.
Bittern, Common, 278.
Bittern, Least, 276.
Bittern, Little, 275.
Bittern, Yellow-necked
Mangrove, 276.
Biziura, 309.
Blacieus, 120.
Blackbird, 92.
Blackbird, Red-winged,
32.
Blackbird. Ru.sty, 3;3.
Blackcap Warbler, 87.
Black Grouse, ,399.
Blue-bird, Rocky Moun-
tain, 95.
Blue-crc>t, 129.
Blue Petrel, Broad-
tailed, .320.
Blue Tanaircr, Red-
tbroatcd, 4.3.
Blue Warbler, Yellow-
backed, 66.
Boat-bill. 279.
bonariensis (Molotbrus),
.32.
bonariensis (Tanagra),
.3''
Bonasa, 4U0.
446
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
bonasia (Bonasa), 400.
bonasia (Tetrao), 400.
bonliami (Ammoperdix),
402.
boobook (Ninox), 232.
boobook (Strix), 232.
borealis (Buteo\ 214.
borealis (Faleo), 214.
borealis (Motacilla), 63,
64.
borealis (Phyllopneuste),
87.
borealis (Phylloscopus),
87.
boscas (Anas), 299, 300.
Botaiirus, 278.
bourkii (Enplieiiia), 260.
bourkii (Nanodes), 260.
Bower bird. Large Sjiot-
ted, 19.
Bower-bird, Satin, 18.
brachyptera (Spbenura),
lUO.
Brachypterniis, 135.
brachyiira (Pitta), 122.
brachyuriis (Corvus),
122.
brama (Carine), 232.
brania (Strix), 232.
Branibling, 50.
brasilia (Tanagra), 45.
brasiliensis (Emberiza),
55.
brasiliensis (Moinotu.s),
181.
brasiliensis (Sycalis). .35.
brasilius (Rhanipho-
coelus), 45.
Brent Goose, Antarctic,
293.
brevicaudus (Nectris,
319.
brevicaudus (Puffmus),
319.
brevirostris (Larus),
337.
brevirostris (Psilojius),
113.
brevirostris (Rissa), 337.
brevirostris (Smieroriiis),
113.
Bristle-bird, 100.
britannieus (Pariis), 77.
Broad-bill, Red and-
Black, 125.
Brotogerys, 249.
bruennicbii (Lomvia),
328.
brunnicbi (Uria), 328.
Brush-Turkey, Celebean,
413.
Brush-Turkey, Ocellated,
413.
Brush-Turkey, Wattled,
412.
Bubo, 230.
bubo (Bubo), 230.
bubo (Strix), 230.
Bubulcus, 276.
bubulcus (Ardea), 276.
bubulcus (Bubulcus), 276.
buccinator (Cygnus).296.
buccinator (Olor), 296.
Buceros, 196.
Biichanga, 28.
Bucorvus, 195.
Bulbul, Bengal Red-
vented, 106.
Bulbul, Common Green,
106.
Bulbul, Gold - fronted
Green, 105.
Bulbul, Orange-bellied
Green, 105.
Bulbul, White-vented,
106.
Bulbul, Javan Yellow-
vented, 105.
Bullfinch, Common, 57.
Bullfinch, Rosy, 55.
Bullfinch, Russian, 56.
Bullfinch, Trumpeter, 52.
Bunting, Common, 58.
Bunting, Indigo, 59.
Bunting, Ortolan. 58.
Bunting, Reed, 57.
Bunting, Snow, 58.
Bunting, Yellow, 57.
Bush-Lark, Horsfield's,
62.
Bush-Quail, Jungle, 404.
Bustard, Australian, 372.
Bustard, Great, 371.
Bustard, Great Indian,
373.
Bustard, Little, 372.
Butastur, 218.
Buteo, 214.
buteo (Buteo), 214.
buteo (Falco), 214.
Butorides. 277.
Buzzard, Common, 214.
Buzzard- Eagle, White-
eyed, 218.
Buzzai-d-Hawk, Rufous,
213.
Buzzard, Lineated, 214.
Buzzard, Red-tailed, 214.
Buzzard, Rough-legged,
215.
Bycanetes, 62.
Cacatua, 244.
Caccabis, 402.
Cacomanti.s, 167.
Calebs (Fringilla), 49.
ctErulescens (Falco), 224.
ca^rulescens (Microbie-
rax), 224.
cseruleus (Elanus), 223.
ereruleus (Falco), 223.
ereruleus (Parus), 77.
CBEsia (Sitta), 68.
cafer (Ixos), 106.
Caica, 252.
Caique, Black-headed,
252.
Caique, Red-vented, 251.
Caique, White-headed,
252.
Cairina, 298.
ealcitrans (Cnemiornis),
290.
caledonica (Ardea), 277.
caledouicus (Nycticorax),
277.
Calidris, 358.
calidris (Scolopax), 359.
calidris (Totanus), 359.
califoruiana (CEnops),
204.
califoruiana (Rhino-
gryphus), 204.
calilornianus (Vultur),
204.
calliope (Erythacus), 93.
calliope (Motacilla), 93.
Calliste, 43.
Callocephalon, 244.
Caloenas, 158.
Calopsittacus, 246.
Calyptorhynchus, 242.
camelus (Struthio), 420.
canipestris (Anthus), 64.
Cauipophaga, 108.
Campophilus, 136.
oana (Agapornis), 257.
cana (Psittacus), 257
cana (Tanagra), 44
canadensis (Ardea),
canadensis (Grus), 365.
canaria (Fringilla), .54.
canaria (Serinus), 54.
Canary Finch, 54.
Canchronia, 279.
Candida (Gygis), 339.
Candida (Sterna), 339.
canesceiis (Scolopax),
359.
caneBcens (Totanus), 359.
cannabina (Acanthis), 51.
cannabina (Linota), 51.
cannabina (Fringilla), 51.
canorus (Crateropus),
104.
canorus (CucuUis), 167.
canorus (Turd us), 104.
canus (Gecinus), 132.
canus (Larus), 335, 336.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
447
canas (Pious), 132.
canutus (Tringa), 35G.
Cape Dove, loO.
Cape Hen, 317.
capensis (Culius), 173.
capensis (Columba), l.")0.
capensis (Daption), 3i'J.
320.
capensis (Orioliis), 42.
capensis (CEdicnemus),
342.
capensis (CEna), 1.50.
capensis (Procellaria),
319.
capeneis(Rhynchi)ea),.355.
capensis (Scolopax), 3.5.').
capensis (Sitagra), 42.
capensis (Strix), 2.38.
Capercaillie, 398.
capitata (Paroaria), 59.
capitatus (Tachyphoniis),
59.
Capriraalgus, IBfi.
Caraeara, Brazilian, 209.
Caracara, Falkland Is-
lands, 209.
carbo (Pelecaniis), 2(i(5.
carbo (Phalacrocorax),
266.
Cardinal, Red-crested, 60.
Cardinal, Red-headed, 60.
Cardinal, Virginian, 49.
Cardinal, Yellow-billed,
59.
Cardinalis, 49.
cardinalis (Cardinalis),
49.
cardinalis (Eos), 240.
cardinalis (Loriiis), 240.
cardinalis (Loxia), 49.
Carduelis, 50.
carduelis (Carduelis), 50.
carduelis (Fringilla), 50.
Cariama, Crested, 375.
caribffla (Colutuba), 149,
oaribseus (Rallus), 382.
cariepensis (Steatornis),
191.
carinatus (Rbamphastos),
141.
Carine, 2.32.
Carolina (Ortygometra),
384.
Carolina (Porzana), 384.
caroJinensis (Anas), 301.
carol inensis (Conurus),
248.
carolinensis (Galeoscop-
tes), 96.
carolinensis (Muscicapa),
96.
carolinensis (Nettion),
301.
carolinensis (Qucrque-
dula), 301.
carolinus (Melanerpes),
134.
carolinus (Pious), 1.34.
carolinus (Rallus), 384.
Carpliibis, 286.
Carpodacus, .5.5.
Carpopliaga, 144.
carunculata (Acantlio-
cluera), 7.3.
earuuoulata (Ardea),
.■i64.
carunculata (Crax), 408.
carunculata (Gracula),
23.
carunculata (Grus), 361.
carunculatus (Dilophus),
23.
carunculatus (Merops),
73.
carvocatactes (Oorvus),
12.
caryocatactes (Nuci-
fraga), 12.
Cashew-bird, 45.
caspia (Sterna), 338.
Cassicus, 31.
Cassowary, Australian,
439.
Cassowary, Conunon,
439.
castanotis (Amadina), 38.
cistanotis (Estrelda), 38.
castanotis (I'jeniopvgia),
38.
casuarina (Anomalo-
pteryx), 428.
casuariuus (Dinornis),
428.
Casuarius, 438.
Cat-bird, American, 96.
Cat-bird, Australian, 19.
catarrhactes (Larus), 332.
catarrhactes (Stercora-
rius), 332.
Cathartes, 202.
caudacuta (Ilirundo),
184.
caudacuta (Chajtura),
184.
caudata (Acredula), 78.
caudata (Pica), 13.
caudalus (Parus), 78.
caudil:isciutus(Pitangus),
119.
caudifasciatus (Tyran-
nus), 119.
cauta (Diomedea), 316.
Cazique, Blue-throated,
128.
cenchroides (Cerehneis),
228.
cenchroides (Falco), 228.
Centropus, 169.
Ceralogynina, 199.
Cerehneis, 227.
Cereopsis, 291.
Ceriornis, 396.
Certhia, 66.
Ceryle, 177.
Ceyx, 178.
Chictura, 184.
Chaffinch, 49.
Chalcopelia, 155.
Chalcophaps, 155.
chalcoptera (Columba),
1.5il.
chalcoptera (Phaps), 156.
ChamiEpelia, 153.
Charadrius, .'M4.
Chasmorhynchus, 122.
Chatterer, Waxen, 86.
Chaulelasraus. 301.
Chelidon, 115.
Chenalopex, 294.
Chibia, 27.
chinensis (Cissa), 14.
chiuensis (Coracias), 14.
chinensis (Francolinus),
403.
chinensis (Tetrao), 403.
Chionis, 340.
Clilamydodera, 19.
Chlocphaga, 293.
Chloris, 47.
chloris (Alcedo), 179.
chloris (Chloris), 47.
chloris (Halcyon), 179.
chloris (Ligurinus), 47.
chloris (Loxia), 47.
chlorocercus (Lorius),
241.
chlorolepidotus (Psitta-
cus), 241.
chlorolepidotus (Tricho-
glossus); 241.
chhirolophus (Gecinus),
133.
chlorolophus (Picus), 133.
Chloropsis, 106.
chldi-opus (Fuliea), 378.
chloropus (Gallinula),
.378.
chlororhyncha (Diome-
dea), 31.5.
Chordeiles, 187.
Chough, White-winged,
16.
Ciiough, Red-billed, 15.
chrysaetus (Aquila), 216.
ciirysaetus (Falco), 21(J.
chrysochlora (Chalco-
phaps), 156.
chrvsochlora (Columba),
1.5(;.
448
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Chrysocolaptes, 13G.
chrysoloplms (Catar-
rhactes), 323.
chrysolophus (Eudvptes),
324.
Chrysoraitris, 51.
chrysopelargus (Ardea),
366.
chrysopelargus . (Balea-
rica), 366.
Chrysopblegma, 133.
chrvsopogou (Choto-
riiea), 138.
cbrysoptera (Sittella),
68.
chrysopyga (Crithagra),
65.
chrysostoraa (Eupbema),
260.
chrj'sostomus (Psittacus),
260.
Chrysotis, 250.
Ciconia, 281.
ciconia (Ardea), 281.
ciconia (Ciconia), 281.
Cicinnurus, 16.
Cinclodes, 123.
Cinclorbamplius, 104.
Cinclosoma, 102.
Cinclus, 97.
cineta. (Amadina), 40.
cincta (Poephila), 40.
cinctus (Erytbrogonys),
345.
cinerea (Anas), 309.
cinerea (Ardea), 273.
cinerea (Estrilda), 41.
cinerea (Fringilla), 41.
cinerea (Fidica), 3S1.
cinerea (Gallicre.x), 381.
cinerea (Grus), 363.
cinerea (Perdix), 401.
cinerea (Strutbidea), 83.
cinerea (Vanga), 83.
cinereus (Anser), 291,
292.
cinereus (Cracticus), 83.
cinereus (Tacbyeres),
309.
Circus, 210.
Cissa, 14.
citrina (Geocichla), 89.
citrinella (Einberiza), 57.
citrinocristata (Cacatua),
244.
citrinus (Turdus), 89.
Cladorhyncbus, 351.
glamator (Francolinus),
403.
clamator (Perdix), 403.
clamosa (Atriebia), 117.
clanga (Aquila), 217.
Clangula, 310.
Clapper-Pail, Janiaioan,
282.
cleiuenciiB (Copligena\
128.
clemenciaj (Delattria),
128.
clemenciffi (Ornisraya),
128.
CI i ft'- Swallow, Indian,
116.
Climacteris, 69.
clypeata (Anas), 303.
clypeata (Spatula), 303.
Cneniiornis, 290.
Coach -whip Bird, 102.
coceineus (Eos), 240.
coccineus (Psittacus),
240.
Coccotbraustes, 46.
coccotbraustes (Cocco-
tbraustes), 46.
coceothraustes (Loxia),
46.
cochlearia (Canchroma),
279.
Coccystes, 165.
Co(!cyzus, 168.
Cock, Water, 381.
Cockatoo, Banksian,
242.
Cockatoo, Baudin's, 243.
Cockatoo, Ducorps's,
246.
Cockatoo, Funereal,
243.
Cockatoo, Gang-Gang,
244.
Cockatoo, Great Sulphur-
crested, 245.
Cockatoo, Leach's, 243.
Cockatoo, Leadbeater's,
245.
Cockatoo, Lesser Sul-
phur-crested, 245.
Cockatoo, Long-billed,
246.
Cockatoo, Red- vented,
244.
Cockatoo, Eoseate, 246.
Cockatoo, Yellow-eared
Black, 244.
Cockatoo, Western Black,
243.
CoIkus, 9.
Ca?ligena, 128.
colchicus (Phasianu.^),
391.
colius (Colius). 174.
colius (Loxia), 174.
coUaria (Chrysotis), 250.
fiollaris (Anas), 306.
ooUaris (Fulix), 306.
collar! us (Psittacus), 2.50.
collyrio (Lanius), 81.
Collyriocincla, 84.
colubris (Trocbilus), 129.
Coluinba, 147.
columbariiis ( Falco), 226.
Coly, Cape, 174.
Colymbus, 387.
communis (Coturnix),
404.
communis (Falco), 224.
concinna (Myiagra), 114.
conniveus (Falco), 233.
connivens (Ninox), 23.3,
234.
conspicillata (Procel-
laria), 317.
c.mspicillatus (Maja-
queus), 317.
conspicillatus (Peleca-
nus), 270.
contra (Sturnopastor),
22.
contra (Stui-nus), 22.
Conure, Guiana, 248.
Conure, Eed-billed, 248.
Conure, Yellow-billed,
249.
Conure, Yellow-headed,
249.
Conurus, 248.
convexus (Anthraco-
ceros), 198.
convexus (Buceros), 198.
Coot, American, .378.
Coot, Australian, 377.
Coot, Common, 377.
Copper Pheasant,
Hondo, 392.
Copsychus. 94.
Coracias, 192.
corax (Corvus), 8.
Corcorax, 16.
Cormorant, Chihan, 2l)7.
Cormorant, Common,
266.
Cormorant, Little, 268.
Cormorant, Little Black,
267.
Cormorant, Red-faced,
267.
Cormorant, Toothed,
272.
Corn -Crake .383.
corniculata (Fratercula),
320.
corniculatum (Mormon),
330.
corniculatus (Merops),
73. '
corniculatus (Tropido-
rhynclius), 73.
cornix (Corone), 10.
cornix (Corvus), 10.
ALniAl'.KTlCAL INDEX,
449
cormita (Anas), 290.
CDniiita (l'alaiiio(lca),
.'512.
coriiuta (Tadorna), 209.
corotnaiula (Strix), 231.
coruinamliis (Bubo), 231.
coromandiis (Coceystcs),
inc.
conjiiiandus (Cuculus),
1B().
foronata (Coluinba), ir)8.
coronata (Ooiira), lo8.
coronaUi (Ilirundo),
184.
coronata (Macroptcryx),
184.
coronatus (Anthraco-
ceros), 198.
coronatus (Buccros), 198.
Corone, ID.
corone (Corone), 10.
corone (Corvus), 10.
coronoides (Corvus), 9.
Corvus, 8.
cotta (Elainea), 118.
Coturnix, 404.
coturuix (Coturnix), 404.
coturnix (Tetrao), 404.
Coucal, Indian, 170.
Coucal, Pheasant, 1G9.
Coucal, Pied, 170.
Cow-bird, Argentine,
32.
Cracticus, 83.
Crake, Carolina, 384.
Crake, Corn, 383.
Crake, Pallas', 383.
Crake, Spotted, 383.
Crake, Spotted Water,
384.
Crane, Common, 3(i3.
Crane, Common
Crowned, 3t')().
Crane, Demoiselle, 3G5.
Crane, Little Brown,
305.
Crane, Sarus, 364.
Cnxne, Southern
Crowned, 3<)t).
Crane, Stanley's, 305.
Crane, Wattled, 3r)4.
crassipes (llespcrornis),
386.
crassirostris (Eurysto-
mus), 193.
crassirostris (Larus),
335.
crassirostris (Tringa),
356.
crassus (Diuornis),
435.
crassus (Emeus), 435.
Craterojius, 104.
PART III.
Crax, 408.
croeca (.Vnas), 300.
crrcea (Querquedula),
300.
Creeper, Common, 67.
Creeper, Spotted G rey,
67.
crejiidatus (Larus), 332.
crepidatus (Lestris), 3."J2.
crepitans (Museicapa),
102.
crepitans (Psophia), 385.
crepitans (Psophodes),
102.
Crested Cuckoo, Red-
winged, 166.
Crested Lark, 62.
Crested Swilt, Indian,
184.
Crex, 383.
crex (Crex), 383.
crex (Rallus), 383.
crinigera (Pampusanna),
157.
crinigera (Phlogoeuas),
1.57.
cristata (Alauda), 62.
cristata (Anas), 305.
cristata (Bellona), 129.
cristata (Cariama), 375.
cristata (Columba), 154.
cristata (Cyanoeitta),
15.
cristata (Eupsychortyx),
405.
cristata (Fuligula), 305.
cristata (FuUx), 305.
cristata (Galerita), 62.
cristata (Geotrygon),]54.
cristata (Meleagris), 409.
cristata (Nuniida), 406.
cristata (Oreoica), 84.
cristata (Palaniedoa).375.
cristata (Penelope), 4(l9.
cristatella (Alca), 331.
cristatelhis (Simorhyn-
chus),331.
cristatus (Colymbu.s),
389.
cristatus (Corvus), 15.
cristatus (Lophophanes),
77, 78.
cristatus (Opistbocomus),
374.
cristatus (Orthorhyn-
chus), 129.
cristatus (Parus), 77.
cristjitus (Pavo), 398.
cristatus (Phasianus),
374.
cristatus (Podiceps), 389.
cristatus (Podicipcs),
389.
cristatus (Roguhis), 79.
crislalus (Tetrao). I<>."..
cristatus (Trochilus),
129.
cristatus (Tardus). 84.
cristatus (Vanellus^,
348.
Crocop\ts, 147.
Crossbill, Common,
5(;.
Crossoptilum, 393.
Crotophaga, 172.
Crow, Bruwn-eycd Aus-
tralian, 11.
Crow, Carrion, 10.
Crow, Hooded, 10.
Crow, Jamaican, 11.
Crow, Malayan Slender-
billed, 11.
Crow, Royston, 10.
Crowned Crane, Com-
mon, 36().
Crowned Crane.Southcrn,
36().
Crowned Pigeon, Com-
mon, 158.
Crow-Shrike, Black-
throated, 83.
Crow-Shrike, Cinereous,
83.
Crow-Shrike, Grey, 8.3.
Crow-Shrike, Hill, 82.
Crow-Shrike, Piwl, 82.
Crow-Shrike, T;isinanian,
82.
crLunenifera (Ciconia),
282.
crumeniferus (Leptopti-
lus), 282.
cruralis (Cinclorham-
phus), 104.
cruralis (Mcgalurus),
104.
Crypturi, 414.
Cuckoo, Australian,
167.
Cuckoo, Bronze, 168.
Cuckoo, Channel, 169.
Cuckoo, Common, 1(57.
Cuckoo-Falcon, Austra-
lian, 223.
Cuckoo, Great Savana,
172.
Cuckoo, Great SiioMed,
165.
Cuckoo, Jamaica, 170.
Cuckoo, Rain, 171.
Cucko), Red-winged
Crested, 166.
Cuckoo-Shrike, Black-
faccd, 107.
Cuckoo-Shrike, Black-
headed, 109.
2h
450
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Cuckoo-Slirik'^, Dark-
grey 10!).
Ciickoo-Shrikc, Small-
billed, 107.
Cuckoo-Shrike, Larger,
108.
Cuckoo-Shrike, New Ire-
land, 108.
Cuckoo Shrike, Varied,
108.
Cuckoo, Yellow-billed,
108.
cucullata (Loxia), 60.
cucullata (Paro:iria), 00.
cuculoides (Glaucidiuiu),
234.
cuculoides (Noctua),
234.
Cuculus, 106.
ciimanensis (Crax),
410.
eunianensis (Pipile;,
410,
cumingi (Lepidograin-
inus), 170.
cuneita (Columba),
1.51.
cuneata (Geopelia),
lal.
cuniculuria (Speotjto),
229.
Oura.ssow, Crested, 408.
Curassow, Derby's Moun-
tain, 411.
Curassow, Ilelmeted,
410.
Curassow, Razor-billed,
410.
Curassow, Yarrell's, 408.
Curlew, Common. 362.
Curlew, Eed-billed,
302.
curta (Anomalopteryx),
433, 434.
curta (Dinornis), 4.33.
curvirostra (Loxia), .'iO.
cuvieri (Podargus), 11)0.
cuvieri (Rhamphastos),
J41.
cyanaucheu (Loriu.s),
240.
cyanea (Cyanospiza), .TO.
cyanea (Motacilla), 114.
c^'anea (Passerina), 59.
cyanea (Tanagra), 59.
cyaneus (Circus), 209,
210.
cyaneus (Falco), 209.
cyaneus (Malurus), 114.
cyanocephala (Columba),
■ 158.
cyanocephala (Eudyna-
niis), 165, 168.
cyanocephala (Starnce-
nas), ].">8.
cyanocephalus (Cuculus).
168.
cyanocephalus (Palaj-
ornis), 254.
cyanocephalus (Psitta-
cus), 254.
Cyanocitta, 15.
cyanomelaina (Xantho-
pygia), 113.
cyanomelana (Musci-
capa), 113.
cyanonielanura (Cvano-
ptila), 113.
Cyanops, 138.
cyanoptera (Tanagra),
44.
cyanopterus (Saltator),
■ 44
cyanopvgins (Aprosmic-
tus),"255, 256.
cyanopygius (Psittacus),
255.
Cyanorhamphns, 260.
Cyanospiza, .59.
cyanonotus (Geocichla),
89.
cyanota (Petrocincla),
'89.
cyanotis (Entomyza). 75.
cyanotis (Gracula), 75.
cyanotus (Turdus), 89.
cygnoides (Anas), 292.
cygnoides (Anser), 292.
' 'ygnus, 294.
Cymborliynchus, 125.
Cymochorhea, 321.
Cypselus, 183.
Dacclo, 180.
Dafila, 302.
Daption, 319.
Darter, New Holland,
268.
darwini (Rhea), 419.
delicata (Gallinago),
354.
delicata (Scolopax),354.
delicatula (Strix), 238.
demersa (Diomedea),
322.
demersus (Spheniscus),
322.
Demiegretta, 275.
Dendrocitta, 13.
Dendrocopus, 1.34.
Dendrocygna, 297.
Dendroeca, 65.
dentata (Petronia), 52.
dentata (Xanthodira),
52.
derbiana (Chauua), 312.
derbianns (Orcophasis),
411.
derbianus (Pitangus),
119.
derbianus (Saurophaga),
119.
derogata (Diomedea),
315.
desolata (Prion), ,320.
desolata (Procellaria),
320.
desolatus (Prion), 320.
Dhayal Bird, 94.
Diamond-bird, Tasnia-
nian, 09.
Dichoceros, 197.
Dicholophi, 375.
Dicranostreptus, 29.
didiformis (Anomalo-
pteryx), 432.
didiformis (Dinornis),
432.
Didunculus, 159.
Didus, 1.59.
diffusa (Pyrgita), 53.
diifusus (Passer), 5.3.
Dilophus, 23.
Dinornis, 423.
Diomedea, .313.
Dipper, Common, 97.
discolor (Lathamus),
201,262.
discolor (Psittacus), 201.
discolorus (Rhamjihas-
tos), 140.
Diver, Great Northern,
387.
Diver, Large-footed
Toothed, 380.
Diver, Red-throated,
388.
Diver, Toothed, 385.
Dodo, 1.59.
Dolichonyx, 32.
domestica (Anas), 299.
domestiea (Fringilla),
.52.
doraesticus (Anser), 292.
domesticus (Gallus), 395,
390).
domesticus (Pa.sser), .52.
dominicana (Paroaria),
60.
dominieus (Colyiubus),
389._
dominieus (Podiceps),
389.
dominieus (Podieipes),
389.
Dottrel, Red-heeled,
345.
Dottrel, Slender-billed,
345.
ALl'llAliETlCAL INDEX.
451
Dove, Barred, 151.
Duve, Barred-sbouldered,
151.
Dove, Bronze-spotted,
155.
Dove, Cipe, 150.
Dove, Green -winged, 156.
Dove, Little Grreen-
winged, 15('>.
Dove, reacei'ul, 151.
Dove, White-fronted,
154.
Dove, Wliite-winged, 153.
Dove, Zenaida, 15;j.
drouia-'oides (Anomalo-
pteryx), 430, 432.
droinjtoides (Dinornis),
-^30.
Dronianis, 437.
Dromornis, 440.
Drongo, ilair-crested,
28.
Drongo, Indian Ashy,
28.
Drongo, Long-tailed,
29.
dubia (Ardea), 281.
dubius (Leptoptilus),
281,282.
Duck, Australian White-
eyed, 30().
Duck, Baiiama Pintail,
302.
Duck, Biiffle-headed,
310.
Duck, Dusky, 300.
Duck, Eider, 307-
Duck, Lesser Scaup, 305.
Duck, Long-tailed, 307.
Duck, Mandarin, 304.
Duck, Muscofv, 2'J8.
Duck, IMusk, i09.
Duck, Pink-eved, 304.
Duck, Pintaif,302.
Duck, Ring-necked
Scaup, 30(i.
Duck, Scaup, 305.
Duck, Steamer, 309.
Duck, Tutted, 305.
Duck, White-eyed, 306.
Duck, Wood, .304.
dueorpsi. Cacatua, 246.
Dunlin, 356.
duperryi (Alegapodius),
412.
duvauceli (Ilarpactes),
161.
Eagle, Australian, 216.
Eagle, Bateleur, 218.
Eagle, Black-crested,
217.
Eagle, Bonclli's, 217.
Engle, Golden, 216.
Eagle, liiij)prial, 21(>.
Eagle, Larger Spotted,
217.
Eagle-Owl, Hodgson's,
Eagle, Wiiite-tailed, 218.
Eared Pheasant, Pallas',
393.
Earth-bird, Smoky Black,
123.
ecaudatus (Falco), 218.
ecaudatus (Helotarsus),
218.
Edectus, 2.53.
Ectopistcs, 1.50.
edwardsi (Eupodotis),
373.
edwardsi (Otis), 373.
Egret, American, 274.
Egret, Phimed, 274.
E^ret, Spotless, 274.
egretta (Ardea). 274.
egrettoides (Herodias),
274.
Elainea, 118.
Elanoidcs, 221.
Elanus, 223.
elaia (Ceratogynma),
199.
elatus (Buceros), 199.
elegans (Carduelis), 50.
elegans (Columbal, 157.
elegans (Phaps), 157.
elephantopus (Dinornis),
436.
elephantopus (Pachy-
ornis), 4i:6.
Emberiza, 57.
Emeus, 434.
Emu, 437.
Emu- Wren, IGO.
Entoinyzn, 75.
Eopsaltria, 85.
Eos, 240.
Ephthianura, 98.
epops (Upupa), 143, 144.
erithacus (P.-ii'tacus), 252.
Erythacus, 92.
erythacus (Psittacu.s),
252.
erythrina (Loxia), .55.
erythrinus (Carpodacus),
65.
erythrocephalus (Me-
lanerpes), 1.33.
erythrocephalus (Picus),
133.
Erythrogony.s, 345.
erjthromelas ( Py ranga),
erythrophthalmus (Fai-
plocomus), 394.
erythrophthalmus (Pha-
sianus), 394.
eryihrojiterus (Aprosmic-
tus), 256.
eryt hropterus (Psittaeus)
256.
erythrorhynchiis (Rliam-
])hast()s), 141, 142.
Erythrotriciri,-his, 213.
Estrilda, 41.
euehlorus (Auripasser),
54.
euehlorus fPasser), 54.
Eudynamis, 168.
Eudyptes, 324.
EudVptila, 324.
Eulabes, 23.
Eumomota, 181.
eupatriud (Pahtorni.s),
254.
eupatrius (Pstttacus),
2.54.
Eiiphenia, 2.59.
Euphonia, 43.
Euplocomus, 394.
Eupodotis. 373.
Eupsychortyx, 405.
europtea (Pyrrhula),
57.
europcTus (Caprimulgus),
185,186. "
Eurostopodus, 188.
Eurystomus, 192.
Eustephanus, 128.
Excaltactoria, 405.
excubitor (Lanius), 81.
exilis (Ardea), 276.
esilis (Ardetta), 276.
exilis (Bolaurus), 276.
exiniius CPlatvcercus),
258. ^ ^ '
exiniius (Psittaeus),
258.
exulans (Diomedea), 313,
314.
eytoni (Dendrocygna),
eytoni (Leptotarsis),
297.
falcala (Anas), 301.
falcata (Querquedula),
301.
Faleinellus, 287.
falcinellus (Faleinellus),
287.
faleinellus (Tantalus),
287.
Falco, 224.
falco (Jugger). 225.
Falcon, Australian Pere-
grine, 22;5.
Falcon, Iceland, 227.
452
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Falcon, Lanncr, 225.
Falcou, Peregrine, 224.
Falcon, Red-lieacled,
225.
Falconet, Wbite-naped,
224.
Falcunculiis, 70.
familiariw (Certliia), G7.
Fan tail. Black, 114.
Fantail, White-shafted,
114.
fascinta (AiuadinaV. 37.
fasciata (Aquila), 217.
fasciata (Loxia), 37.
f'asciatus (Bueeros), 201.
fasciatus (Nisaetus), 217.
fasciatus (Palajornis),
2.54.
fasciatus (Ptilonopus),
146.
fasciatus (Ptilopus). 14G.
fasciatus (Tockus), 201.
fascinans (Loxia), 110.
fascinans (Micru?ca), 110.
fastuosa (Calliste), 43,
44.
fastuosa (Tanagra), 43.
feldeggii (Falco), 225.
ferina (.Ethyia), 300.
ferina (Anas), 30().
ferina (Fuligiila), 30f).
fcrruginea (4nas), 306.
fen-uginea (Nyroca), 306.
ferrugineus (Oriolus),
33.
ferrugineus (Scoleco-
phagus), 33.
Fieldfare, 91.
Fincii, Canary, 54.
Finch, Serin, 54.
Finch-Lark, White-eared,
62.
Fire-back Pheasant,
Siamese, 3'J4.
Fire-crown, Chilian,
128.
Finh-Owl, Himalayan,
230.
flabelliforniis (Caco-
niantis), 167.
flabeliiformis (Chalco-
coceyx), KiS.
flabelldbruii.s (Cueuliis),
167.
Flamingo, American,
289.
Flamingo, Common, 288.
flammea (Strix), 237,
238.
Flat-bill, Black-billed,
120.
Flat-bil], Bufl'-wingcd,
120.
flava (Motacilla). 63.
flavefila (Fringilla), 55.
flaveola (Sycalis), r'5.
flavic(jllis (Ardea), 276.
flavicollis (.irdetta), 276.
flavicoUis (Butorides),
276.
flavigula (PtU(itis), 71-
llavinucha (Chryjo-
phlcgma), 133.
flavinucha (Picus), 133.
flavipes (Cultrunguis),
230.
flavipes (Xetuim), 230.
ilavipes (Plata'lea), 285.
llavi])es (Platibis), 285.
lla^ irostris (Rhynchops),
340.
flaviventris (Platycercus),
258.
flaviventris (Psittacus),
258.
Florican, Lesser, 373.
Florisuga, 128.
fluminea i^Ortygometra"*,
384.
fluminea (Porzana), 384.
fluviatilis (Coljinbus),
390.
fluvi.itilis (Sterna), 337.
fluviatilis (Tachybaptes),
390.
fluvicola (Hirundo), 116.
fluvicola (Petrochelidon),
IKJ.
Flycatcher, Australian
Brown, 110.
Flycatcher, Blue-and-
Black, 113
Flycatcher, Pied Para-
dise, 115
Flvcatcher, Short-billed
Dwarf, 113.
Flycatcher, Southern
Brown, 110.
Flycatcher, Spotted, 1U9.
formosa (Fringilla), 3().
Ibrmo.sa (Stictcspiza), .36.
formosus (Oriolus), 29.
foriiKisus (Pezoporus),
262.
formosus (Psittacus), 262.
fursteni (Merojjogon),
194.
forsteri (Aptcnodytes),
325.
Fowl, Domestic. 395.
Fowl, Jungle, .395.
Francolin, Chinese, 403.
Francolin, Noisy, 403.
Francolin, Painted, 403.
Francolin us, 403.
Fratercuki, 329, 330.
Fregata, 271.
Frigate-bird, Great,
271.
Frigate-bird, Little,
271.
Fringilla, 49.
I'rontalis (Loxia), 42.
frontalis(S])oropipes), 42.
frontatus (Falcunculus),
79, 80.
frontatus (Lanius), 79.
frugilegus (Trypano-
corax), 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
F"'ruit-Pigeon, Banded,
147.
Fruit-Pigeon, Black-
headed, 146.
Fruit-Pigeon, Magnifi-
cent, 146.
Fruit-Pigeon, New-
Ireland, 144.
fuciphaga (Collocalia),
183.
Fulica, 377.
i'ulicaria (Tringa), 352.
fulicarius (Phalaropus),
352.
fuliginosa (Diomedea),
316.
fuliginosa (Phccbetria),
316.
fuliginosu.s(IIa3matopus),
350.
Fulix, 305.
Fulmar Petrel, 318.
Fulmarus, 318.
fulva (Anas), 297.
fulva (Dendrocvgna),
297.
fulve^cens (Gyps), 207.
fulvifrons (Certhia), 71.
fulvifrons (Glyciphila),
71.
fiilvus (Gyps\ 20(5.
fulvus (Vidtur), 206.
funereus (Calyptorhyn-
chus), 243.
funereu.s (Psittacus),
243.
furcatus (Elanoides),
221.
furcatus (Falco), 221.
lusea (Aiuis), 308.
I'usca (G<;demia), 308.
fusca (Meliphaga), 72.
fusca (Ptilotis), 72.
fuscus (Artanius), 26.
fu.scus (liarus), 335.
Gad wall, 301.
galatea (Tanysiptera),
174.
Galhula, 130.
ALI'IIAIIETICAL INDEX.
453
Saloat:i (C'rax), 410.
galeata (Paiixil, 410.
f^aleat iiiii(Calluceplialun'),
L'44.
galeatiis (Castiarius),
4:]9.
paleatus (Psittacus), 214.
Galeoscoptes, ',)6.
galcriciilata (Aix), 304.
galoriciilata (Anas), 304.
Galerita, (U.
galerita (Cacatiia^, 245.
galeridis (Eustejjhanus),
128.
galeritus (Psittacus), 245.
galeritud (Trocliilus),
128.
Gallierex, ;5S1.
galliiiac'ca (Parra), 343.
Galliiingo, 3.'')4.
gallinago (Gallinago),
354.
gallinago (Scolopas),
354.
Gallimila, 378.
gallimila (Gallinago),
354.
gallimila (Scolopax),
354.
Gallinule, Allen's Purple,
37(i.
Gallinule, Black-backed,
37(5.
Gallinule, Mautell's
Giant, 377.
Gallinule, Philippine,
37().
ga]lo|)avo (Meleagris),
40(i.
Gallus, 395.
gainbensis (Anas), 290.
gambensis (Piectro-
ptcrus), 290.
Gannet, 2(i4.
G-ciiniet, Australian, 2G5.
Garden-Warbler, 87.
garrula (Myzautha), 70.
Garrulax, 10.3.
Garrulus, 14.
garrulus (Ampelis), 8().
garrulus (Coraeias), 192.
garrulus (Loriu.s), 240.
garridus (Merops), 7(>.
garrulus (Psittacus), 240.
gaudicbaudi (Sauro-
niarptis), 174.
Gecinus, 1.31.
genibarbis (Myiadectes),
95.
genibarbis (Myiadestcs),
95.
Gcociclila, 89.
Geocuccvx, 172.
Geopelia, l.'iO.
Gcotrygon, 1.54.
geranoidcs (Anontalo-
ptcryx), 434.
geranoides (Palajitervx).
4.34.
Geronticus. 280.
gigantea (Ossifraga),3lG.
gigantea (Proccllaria),
310.
giganteus (Dinoniis),
424, 125.
gigas (Alcedo), 180.
gigas (Dacelo), 174,
180.-
gigas (Turacus), 103.
gitliaginea (Eycanetes),
52.
gitliaginea (Erythro-
spiza), 52.
gitbaginea (Fringilla),
52.
glacialis (Anas), 307.
glaeialis (Colymbus),
387.
glacialis (Fulmarus),
318.
glacialis (Ilarelda), 307.
glacialoides (Proccllaria),
317,318.
glacialoides (Tbalassoica),
317.
glandarius (Coccystes),
IC)."), 1(U).
glandarius (Corvus), 14.
glandarius (Cuculus),
10.5.
glandarius (Garrulus),
14.
Glareola, 341.
glarcola (Totanu.s). 359.
glareola (Tringa), 359.
Glaucidiuiu, 234.
glaucion (Anas), 310.
glaucion (Clangula), 310.
glaucus (Larus), 334.
Glossiptila, 43.
Glossopsittacus, 242.
Glossy Ibis, 287.
Glossy Starling, Purplc-
lieaded, 2.5.
Glvcipbila, 71.
Godwit, Bar-tailed, 300.
Godwit, Black-tailed,
300.
Godwit, Siberian Bar-
lailed, 300.
goensis (Parra), 347.
Goldcrest, 79.
Golden-eye, American,
310.
Guldeu-eye, Common,
310.
Golden Plieasant, 392.
Golddncli, .50.
Goosander, .311.
Goose, Antarctic Brent,
293.
Goose, Bean, 291.
Goose, Cereopsis, 291.
Goo.se, Chinese, 292.
Goose, Domestic, 292.
Goose, Egyptian, 294.
Goose. Grey -lag, 291.
Goose, Magellanic. 293.
Goose, New-Zealand,
290.
Goose, Sandwich-Island,
293.
Goose, Semipalmatcd,
289.
Goose, Solan, 204.
Goose, Spur-winged, 290.
Gosliawk, 211.
Goshawk, Banded, 212.
Gosliawk, Crested, 211.
Goshawk, Indian Banded,
211.
Goshawk, White, 212.
gouldi Clleteralocha),
25.
gouldi (Neomorpha),
25.
gouldia? (Amadina), 40.
gouldiae (Pocphila), 40.
Goura, 158.
govinda (Milvus), 222.
gracilis (Dinornis), 427.
graculina (Strepera), 82.
graculinus (Corvus), 82.
Graculus, 15.
gracuhis (Corvus), 15.
graculus (Fregilus), 15.
graculus (Graculus), 1.5.
graculus (Pelecanus),
207.
graculus (Phalacrocorax),
2()7.
grallarius (Charadrius),
342.
grallarius (Qidicncmus),
342.
Grallina, 102.
gramincus (Megalurus),
99.
gramineus (Sphnceacus),
99.
graiiiniicus (Asio), 235.
graniinicus (Ephialtes),
235.
grandis (Edectus), 253.
grandis (Psittacus), 253.
Grass-bird, Little, 99.
Grasshopper-Sparrow,
.59.
Grass-Owl. African, 238.
454
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Grass-Parrakcet, Blue-
banded, 2(30.
Grass - Parrakeet,
Eourke's, 2{)U.
Grass-Parrakeet, Chest-
nut-shouldered, 25'J.
Grass-Parrakeet, Warb-
ling, 261.
Grauealus, 107.
gravipes (Emeus), 434.
gravis (Diuornis), 434.
Grebe, Great Crested,
38U.
Grebe, Least American,
389.
Grebo, Little, 390.
Grebe, Pied-billed, 390.
Grebe, Red-necked, 390.
Greenfinch, 47.
Greenshank, 359.
greeyi (Penelupe), 409.
Grey Creeper, Spotted,
67.
Grey Wagtail, 63.
griseigena (Colymbus),
389.
griseigena (Podiceps),
389.
griseigena (Pudicipes),
389.
griseogularis(Eopsaltria),
86.
griseus (Tyrannus), 121.
grisola (Muscicapa),
109.
Grosbeak, Black, 48.
Grosbeak, March's, 48.
Grosbeak, Rose-breasted,
47.
Grosbeak, Spotted-
• winged, 47.
Grosbeak, W^hite-
throated, 48.
Grosbeak, Yellow-
backed, 48.
Ground-CuckoOjMexican,
172.
Ground-Love, Graceful,
151.
Ground-Dove, Passerine,
153.
Ground-Hornbill, Abys-
sinian, 195.
Ground-Thrush, Brown,
104.
Ground-Thrush, Orange-
headed, 89.
Ground-Thrush, South-
Australian, 89.
Ground-Thrush, Spine-
tailed, 101.
Ground-Thrush, Spotted,
102.
Ground-Thrush, White-
throated, 89.
Grouse, Black, 399.
Grouse, Red, 399.
Grouse, Rufled, 401.
Grus, 363.
grvlle (Colvmbus), 329.
gr'ylle (Uria), 329.
Guan, Greey's, 409.
Guan, Little, 411.
Guan, Marail, 409.
Guan, Piping, 410.
Guan, Red-breasted,
409.
Guan, Rufous-vented,
409.
Guan, White-eyebrowed,
408.
Guara, 287.
Guillemot, Black, 329.
Guillemot, Brlinnich's,
328.
Guillemot, Ringed, 328.
Guillemot, Common,
328.
guinea (Columba), 149.
Guinea-lowl, Common,
406.
Guinea-fowl, Crested,
406.
Gull, Black-headed,
336.
Gull, Common, 335.
Gull, Glaucous, 334.
Gull, Greater Black-
backed, 333.
Gull, Herring, 334.
Gull, Lesser Black-
backed, 335.
Gull, Pacific, 335.
Gull, Silver, 336.
Gull, Temminck's, 335.
guttacristatus (Picus),
136.
guttata (Chlamjdera),
19.
guttata (Chlamydodera),
19.
guttata (Estrilda), 37.
guttata (Losia), 37.
guttata (Steganopleura),
37.
guttaticristatus (Chryso-
colaptes), 136.
gutturalis (Falcunculus),
84.
gutturalis (Oreoica), 84.
gutturalis (Pachyce-
phala), 85.
gutturalis (Tuixlus), 85.
Uygis, 339.
UyiQuocrex, 382.
Gypaetus, 215.
Gypohierax, 220.
Gyps, 206.
habroptilus (Stringops),
262.
Iladrostomus, 122.
luemacepbala (Bucco),
139.
bffimacephala (Xantho-
Ic-ema), 139, 140.
Ilismatopus, 349.
hwraaturopygia (Caca-
tua), 244'.
hicmaturopy^ia (Psit-
tacus), 244.
Halcyon, 178.
Haliaetus, 218.
haliaetus (Falco), 229.
haliaetus (Pandion), 229.
Haliastur, 221.
Hammer-head, 280.
Hang-nest, Brazilian,
34.
Hang-nest, Jet black,
33.
Hang-nest, Yellow, 31.
hardwickii (Chloropsis),
105.
hardwickii (lyngipicus),
135.
hardwickii (Picus), 135.
Harelda, 306, 307.
Harrier, Australian, 210.
Harrier, Hen, 209.
Harrier, Marsh, 210.
Harrier, Montagu's,
210.
Hawfinch, 46.
Hawk, Berigora, 227.
Hawk-Owl, Boobook,
232.
Hawk-Owl, Large, 233.
Hawk-Owl, New Zealand,
233.
Hawk, Pigeon, 226.
hectori (Megalapteryx),
428.
Hedge-Sparrow, 98.
Herlymeles, 47.
heliaca (Aquila), 216.
Helotarsus, 218.
helvetica (Squatarola),
345.
helvetica (Tringa), 345.
lielveticus (Charadrius),
345.
Hemipode, Spotted, 368.
Hemipode, Swift-flying,
368.
Hemipode, Varied, 369.
herodias (Ardca), 275.
Heron, Black-crowned
Night, 277.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
455
ITeron, BiifT-bapkcd, 270.
Heron, Coinmoii, .'ST-i.
Heron, Eastern Reef,
275.
Heron, Great Blue, 275.
Heron, Great White,
274.
Heron, Green, 277.
Heron, Nankeen Night,
277.
Heron, Purple, 373.
Horring-Guil, 334.
Hesperoriiis, 38.").
ifcteraloehii, 25.
hiatieula (Charadrius),
346.
hiatieula (iEgialitis),
340.
Hieraeidea, 227.
Hierofalco, 227.
hillii (Mimus), 00.
Hill-Tit, Eed-billed, 99.
himalayeiisis (Dendro-
citta), 14.
Himantopus, .351, .3.52.
liiinantopus (Chara-
drius), 352.
Hirundo, 115.
hirundo (Sterna), 337.
Hoatziu, 374.
Hobby, 226.
hodgsoni (C^anops),
139.
hodgsoni (MegaltBma),
1.39.
holosericeus (Ptilono-
rliynchus), iS.
H(iney-eater, Black, 74.
Honey-eater, Black-
headed, 7.5.
Honey-eater, Blood-red,
74.
Honey-eater, Blue-faced,
75.
Houey-eater, Fulvous-
fronted, 71.
Honey-eater, Fuscous,
72.
Honey-eater, Garrulous,
76.
Honey-eater, Graceful,
72.
Honey-eater, Least, 71 .
Honey-eater, Long-billed,
70.
Honey-eater, Lunulatcd,
73.
Honey-eater, New-Hol-
land, (59.
Honey-eater, Strong-
billed, 75.
Honey-eater, Tasmanian,
70.
Honey-cater, Warty-
faced, 72.
Honey-eater, Wattled,
73.
Honey-eater, Wliite-
browed, 74.
Honey-eater, White-
cheekod, 7U.
Honey-eater, Yellow-
throated, 71.
Honey-Guide, Little,
137.
honorata (Eudynaniis).
169.
honoratus (Cuculus), 169.
Hoopoe, 113.
lloplopterus, 348.
Hornbill, 197.
Hornbill, Abyssinian
Ground, 195.
Hornbill, Blaek-and-
White-tailed, 201.
Hornbill, Crowned, 198.
Hornbill, Flat-casqued,
197.
Hornbill, Gingi, 200.
Hornbill, Helmet ed, 197.
Hornbill, Javan Rhino-
ceros, 196.
Hornbill, Papuan
Wreathed, 200.
Hornbill, Rhinoceros,
196.
Hornbill, Sharpe's, 199.
Hornbill, Teinminsk's
Pied, 19S.
Hornbill, Yellow-casqued
Black, 199.
Horned Lark, Prairie,
60.
horsfleldi (Mirafra), 62,
Horsfield's Bush-Lark,
62.
hortensis (Motacilla), 87.
hortensis (Sylvia), 87.
hortidana (Emberiza), 58.
hortulanus (Scrinus), 54.
hottentotta (Chibia), 27.
hoti entottus (Corvus), 27,
28.
Huia, 25,
hunieralis (Agelreus), 32.
humeralis (Coluniba),
151.
hinneralis (Geopelia),
151.
humeralis (Leistes), 32.
humeralis (Podargus),
189.
Humming-bird, Long-
tailed, 127.
Humming-bird, Mango,
127.
Humming-bird, Ruby-
throated, 129.
Hydroclielidon, 339.
Hydrocorax, 197.
hydrocorax (Buceros),
197.
hydrocorax (Hydro-
corax), 197.
Hyetornis, 171.
Hylactes, 123.
hyperborea (Tringa),
352.
hyperboreus (Phala-
rcjpus), ,3.52.
HyiioeihTBra, 38.
hypogiea (Speotyto), 229.
hypoleucus (Totanus),
358.
hypoleucus (Tringa), 3.58.
hypopolius (Nestor), 239.
hvijopolius (Psittacus),
' 239.
Ibidorhynchus, 362.
Ibis, 286.
Ibis, Australian Sacred,
286.
Ibis, Glossy, 287.
ibis (Pseudotantalus),
285.
Ibis, Scarlet, 287.
Ibis, Straw-necked, 280.
ibis (Tantalus), 285.
Ibycter, 209.
ictera (Fringilla), .55.
icterotis (Platycerciis),
258.
icterotis (Psittacus), 2.58,
Icterus, 34.
icterus (Serinus), 55.
ictiuus (Milvus), 221.
ignavus (Bubo), 2.'iO.
igneus (Falcinellus),
287.
iliacus (Turdus), 90.
iinpennis (Alca), 326.
impcnnis (Plautus), 32(J.
impcyanus (Lopho-
jihorus), ,393.
impcyanus (Phasianus),
;{93.
Indian Field-Wagtail,
63.
indica (Chalcopliap.^),
155, 1.56.
indica (Columba), 155,
indica (Tringa), .347.
Indicator, 137.
indicus (Coracias), 192.
iudicus (Lobivanellus),
347.
indus (Falco), 221.
Indus (Haliastur), 22.
456
ALrilABETlCAL INDEX.
inoptus (Diflus), 150,
ir>o.
ingens (Dinoi-nisj, 424.
inornata (Columba), 149,
150.
iiiterinoclia (Graciila), '23.
intermedium (Eulabes),
23.
intermedins (Mainatus),
23.
interpres (Cliaradrius),
349.
interjires (Strcpsilas), 319.
interpres (Tringa), 349.
islandus (Falco), 227.
islaudus (Ilierofalco),
227.
ispida (Alcedo), 175, 170.
ispidoides (Alcedo), 175.
lyngipicus, 135.
lynx, 136.
Jabiru, African, 283.
Jabiru, Australian,
282.
Jacana, Australian, 343.
Jacana, Brazilian, 343.
jacana (Parra), 343.
Jack Snipe, 354.
Jackdaw, Common, 9.
jamacai (Icterus), 34.
jamacai (Oriolus), 34.
Jamaica Thrush, 92.
jamaicensis (Caprimul-
gus), 185.
jamaicensis (Columba),
154.
jamaicensis (Corvus), 11.
jamaicensis (Engyptila),
154.
jamaicensis (Leptoptila),
154.
jamaicensis (Microcorax),
11.
jamaicensis (Nyctibius),
185.
jamaicensis (Turdus), 92.
jamesonii (Bruchigavia),
33(5.
jamesonii (Larus), 336.
javanensis (Ketupa), 230.
javanica (Anas), 297.
juvanica (Dendrocygna),
297.
javanicus (Psittacus),
254.
Jay, Blue, 15.
Jay, Common, 14.
Jay, nimalayan, 15.
jendaya, Conurus, 249.
jendaya (Psittacus), 249.
jubatus (Khinochetus),
367.
jngger (Falco), 225, 226.
Jungle-fowl, Sonnerat's,
395.
Kagu, 367.
Ka-Ka, Mountain, 239.
Ka-Ka Parrot, 239.
kamtschatkensis (Calli-
ope), 93.
Kestrel, Australian. 228.
Kestrel, Common, 227.
Kestrel, North- American,
228.
Ketupa, 230.
Kingfisher, Amazon
Green, 178.
Kingfisher, Azure, 176.
Kingfisher, Belted, 177.
Kinijfisher, Common,
175.
Kingfisher, Great African,
177.
Kingfisher, Laughing,
180.
Kingfisher, Little Indian,
176.
Kingfisher, Macleav's,
179.
Kingfisher, Pied, 177.
Kingfisher Sacred, 180.
Kingfisher, Solitary, 178.
Kingfisher, Whife-and-
Green, 179.
Kingfisher, White-
breasted, 178.
Kingfisher, White-
collared, 179.
Kite, Black-shouldered,
223.
Kite, Black-winged, 223.
Kite, Brahminy, 221.
Kite, Common, 221.
Kite, Egyptian, 222.
Kite, Indian, 222.
Kite, Large Indian, 222.
Kite, Swallow-tailed, 221 .
Kite, Whistling, 221.
Kittiwake, 336.
Kittiwake, Common, 336.
Kittiwake, Red-legged,
3.37.
Kiwi, Little Grey, 416.
Kiwi, South-Island, 416.
Knot, 356.
Knot, Japanese, 356.
Koel, Australian, 168.
Koel, Indian, 169.
lafresnayanus (Oeydro-
mus), 380.
Lagopus, 399.
lagopus (Archibuteo)
215.
lagopus (Falco), 215.
Lampornis, 127.
Lamprocolius, 2.5.
I;aud-Rail, 383.
Lanius, 80.
lapponica (Limosa), 360.
lap]ionica (Scolopax),
3()0.
Lapwing, Australian
Wattled, 347.
Lapwing, Black-breasted,
347.
Lapwing, Connnon, 348.
Lapwing, Red-wattled,
347.
Lark, Crested, 62.
Lark, Prairie Horned,
60.
Lark, Wood, 01.
Larus, 333.
larvata (Fringilla), 60.
larvata (Paroaria), 60.
lathami (Alectura), 412.
lathami (Talegallus),
412.
Lathamus, 261.
latirostris (Alseonax),
110.
latirostris (Muscicapa),
110.
Laughing-Thrush, Black-
gorgoted, 104.
Laughing-Thrush, Hima-
layan White-crested,
103.
leachii (Calyptorhyn-
chus), 243.
leachii (Psittacus), 243.
leadbeateri (Cacatua),
245.
leadbeatori (Plyctolo-
phus), 245.
leggii (Petroeca), 110.
leutiginosa (Ardea), 278.
lentiginosus (Botaurus\
278.
Leptoptila, 154.
Leptoptilus, 281.
lessoni (Momotus), 181.
Lestris, 332.
leucocephala (Columba),
149.
leucocephala (Falco),
219.
leucocephalus (Ilaliae-
tus), 219.
leucocephalus (Himan-
topus), 351.
leiicogaster (Artamus),
27.
leucogaster (Falco), 219.
leucogaster (Falcunculus),
79.
ALPIIABRTICAL IXHRX.
457
lcii"r)2;aRtov (Ilaliaot'isl,
lil'.i. -J-Jl).
k'iiC(jlo[)lius (Corvus),
103.
leiicoloplius (GaiTulax),
103.
Ituiconota (Gymnorhina),
82.
leueopliaja (Certhia), G'.).
leucophiua (Cliiuacleris),
(ii).
leucoptera (Columba),
153.
leucoptera (Melopelia),
1.^)3.
leiiC()pteru3 (Oorcorax),
16.
leucopterv-K (Icteras),
34.
kMi';opterjx(PsarocoliiH'),
34.
leiieorodia (Platalea),
284.
leiieorrhoa (Cymo-
C'horea), 321.
leiicorrlioa (Procellai'ia),
321.
li'iicoryplia (Aqnila), 2'20.
leiR'Oryplius (ilaliactus),
221).'
Ledcosarcia. 1 'u.
leucotis (Loxia), (')2.
leuootis CPviThulaucla),
(".2.
Linlimorn. 7'*.
lielitenstcini (Pterocles),
371.
Licinetis, 246.
Liiiiusa, 301).
Liiujjkiii, South-xVinori-
can, 3(>7.
liuaria (.A.can(ln's), 51.
Hnaria (Fringilla), 51.
lineatiis (Biitco), 214.
lineatus (Eiiplocomiis),
394.
lineatus (Falco), 214.
lineatus (Phasianus),
;!t)4.
Linnet, Common, 51.
Liothrix, 99.
Lipoa, 413.
Lithornis. 202.
livia (Coliiiiibi), 148.
lobita (Anas), 309.
lobata (Bizura), :'.09.
lobata (T ringa), 347.
lobatus (Lobivanellns),
347.
Lobivant;llus, 347.
LoMivi.i, .''.2S
longifauda (OrlliiitDnius),
1UI>.
I'AUT 111.
Ii)n<;icauilntu9 (Dicrurus),
2S.
lonijirostris (Moliornis),
70.
loagiro3tris (Mclipliaga),
70.
iDiigirostris (Xunicniiis),
3(il.
longirostris (Rillus),
382.
Lopiioaotus, 217.
Lopiioc'oros, 20.).
Lopiiolaiinus, l4(i.
Ljphophanes, 77.
Lopliopborus, 393.
loi)liote.s (Oolunib.i), 155.
lopliutes (OeyiihajH), 155.
Lorikeut, IJlufl-bcUioil,
241.
Lorikeet, Musky, 242.
Lorikeet, Porpliyry-
crowiied, 242.
Lorikeet, Scaly-breasted,
241.
Lorikeet, Swift, 281.
Lorius, 240.
Lorv, Cardnial, 210.
Lory, Ciiatterin.:?, 240.
Lory, Gr.md, 253.
Lory, Greeu-tailed, 241.
Lory, Sanghir, 240.
lory (Lorius), 210.
Love-bird, West-African,
2.-}7.
Lo.via, 5').
Loxigilla, 48.
ludoviciana (Loxia). 47.
ludovicianus (Hedy-
meles), 47.
lun'idiris (Oanipophatja),
^109.
lugubris (Ccblepvris),
lOS.
lugubris (Motacilla), 03.
LuUula, (U.
lunuhUa (Anellobia), 7.3.
lunulata (Antliocii;i!ra),
73.
lunulata (Geociclda), 89.
lunulata (Orcoi;iclila),
89.
lumilatus (Turdus), 89.
luscinia (Kryt'iacu<). 92.
lusciuia (.Motacilla), 92.
lusi-inia (Philomela), 92.
lutea (Liotlirix), 9J.
lutca (Sylvia), 99.
Lyre-bird, 117.
Macaw, Blue-and- Yel-
low, 247.
Ma.Mw, lUiger's, 248.
nincei (Picus), 135.
Macliete3, .357.
macii (Dendrocopus),
1.35.
macii (Graucalus), 1 IS
macleayi (Halcyon), 179.
Macropteryx, 184,
Macropygia, 152.
niacrorhyiichus (Cyui-
burbyiicluis), 12').
macroriiyuclius (Todu-i),
12.5.
maeulatug (Eurostopo-
dus), 188.
maculatus (Turnix), 3^8.
madagasjariensis (Psit-
tacula), 257.
niagoUanica (Anas), 293.
magellanica (Apteno-
dytes), 322.
uMgoUanica (Chloc-
phaga), 293.
ni igellanicu.s (Peli'dinis),
2117.
magellanic'.is (Pli d u-.ro-
00 rax), 2(J7.
m igellanicus (Splu'-nis-
cus). 322.
magaa (Sturnella), 33.
magriilici (Coluin')a),
114.
niagni fica (Mogalopre-
pia). 144, 14(5.
magnirostris (^Luiius),
81,
Magpie, Comuun, l.">.
Magpie, Green. 14.
niaja (Lo.'iia), 39.
niaja (Munia), 39.
Maja(iueus, 317.
major (Uardiiolis), 50.
luijor (Deiidrocopu-i),
i34.
major (Picus), 1.3t.
ni.i jor (Notliura , 4i4.
niajm" (P.irus), 70.
miiachura (.Muscicajia),
lOi).
malicluirus (Stipiturus),
100.
Malacorhyuclius, 30 1.
maleo (Microcep!ialon),
413.
maleo (Megacephalum),
412,413.
M illard, 299.
Mallard, Black, 300.
.Malurus. 114.
mango (Lampornis), 127.
mango (Trachilu.^), 127-
Mangrove-Bittern, Yel-
low-necked, 27<i.
mantcluiricuni (U'osso-
ptilon). 393.
■2i
458
ALrnABETICAL INDEX.
mantelli (Notornis), 377.
Maiuicodia, KJ.
Marabou, 282.
maracaiia (Am), 248.
maracana (Psittacus),
248.
marail ( Penelope), 409.
Tnarcliii (Phoiiipara), 48.
Mareca, 3U2.
niarila (.\iias), 30.5.
niariUi (Fiilix), 305.
marinus (Larus). 333.
maritima (Triiiga), 357.
Marsh-Starling, Cuban,
32.
Martin, Common, 115.
maxillaris (Spbecotheres),
30.
maxillaris (Turdus), 30.
maxima (Alcedo), 177.
maxima (Ceryle), 177.
maxima (Sterna), 338.
maximus (/Upvoruis),
423.
maximus (Dinoriiis),425,
426.
Meadow-Lark, Western ,
33.
Meadow Pipit, G4.
Megaeeplialum, 412.
megala (Gallinago), 355.
Megalnpteryx, 428.
Megaloprepia, 144.
Megahiriis, 91).
Megapode, Australian,
413.
Megapodiiis, 413.
megapodius (Hjlactes),
123.
megapodius (Pteropto-
chus), 123.
Megarbyncbus, 119.
megarbyncbus (Dicrano-
etreptusi, 29.
megarhyocbus (Edolius),
29.
Melanerpes, 13.3.
melanocepbala (Caioa),
252.
melanocepbala (Habia),
4().
melanocepbala (Co-
lumba), 146.
melanocepbala (Mcli-
tbreptus), 75.
mclanocepbalus(Oriolus),
29, 30.
melarocepbalus (Psitta-
ciis), 252.
melanoeepbalus (Ptilo-
]ws), 146.
melanoeepbalus (Tro-
gon), 162.
melanogaster (Plotus),
268.
melanogenys (Falco),
225.
melanoleuca (Anas), 289.
meliinoleuca (Columba),
157.
melanoleuca (Panvptila),
114.
melanoleucus (Ansera-
nas), 289, 290.
melanoleucus (Cypselus),
184.
melanonotus (Por2:)bvrio),
37().
melanope (Motacilla),
63.
melanopbrys (Diomedea),
315.
nielanops (Corvus), 107.
mebinops (Graucalus),
107.
nielanopterus (Iliman-
topus). 352.
mebiuupus (Ardea),
374.
melauopus (Herodias),
274,
melanorbampbus (Cora-
cias), 16.
melanoscbista (Cnmpo-
pbaga), 108.
melanoscl'istus (YoIto-
civora), 108.
melauotis (Milvus), 222.
melanotus (Porpbyrio),
376.
nielanoxantba (Melea-
gris), 396.
melanoxantbus (Cocco-
tbi-austes), 47.
melanoxantbus (Mycero-
bas), 47.
melanura (PaliEornis),
2."i5.
melanura (Polytelis),
255.
Meleagris, 4C6.
meleagris (Numida),
406.
melinus (Sericulus), 20.
nielinus (Tuidus), 20.
Meliornis, 69.
Melitbreptus, 75.
Melopelia, 153.
Melopsittacus, 261.
membranacea (Anas),
304.
membranaceus (Malaco-
rbyncbus), 304.
nienstruus (Pionus). 251.
menstruus (Psittacus),
251.
mentalis (Graucalus),
108.
Menura, 116.
nienzbieri (Sturnus), 22.
merganser (.Mergus). 311.
Merganser, Red-breasted,
311.
Mergulus, 329.
Mergus, 311.
meridionalis (Nestor) ,
239.
Merlin, 226.
Merops, 194.
Merula, 92.
uierula (Merula), 92.
merula (Turdus), 92.
mexicanus (Cinclus), 97.
mexicanus (Trogou), 1()2.
Microcorax, 11.
Microeca, 110.
Microbierax, 224.
migratoria (Columba),
150.
migratorius (Ectopistes),
150.
migratorius (Turdus),
91.
Miliaria, 58.
miliaria (Emberiza), 58.
miliaria (Miliaria), 58.
Milvulus, 121.
Milvus, 221.
milvus (Falco), 221.
milvus (Milvus), 221,
222.
Mimeta, 30.
Mimus, 96.
minor (Aptenodyte.s),
324.
minor (Cbionis), 340.
minor (Eudyptila), 324.
minor (Fregata), 271.
minor (Indicator), 137.
minor (Lanius), 80.
minor (Paradisea), 18.
minor (Pelecanus), 271.
minor (Pbilobela), 3.")3.
minor (Scolopax), 3.53.
minuta (Ardea), 275.
minuta (Ardutta), 275,
276.
minutus (Botaurus), 275.
minutus (Kuiuenius),
361.
Mirafra, 62.
Miro, 113.
Mis.sel-Tbrusb, 91.
mitrata (Numida), 406.
Mitua, 410.
Mniotilta, 06.
Moa, 424.
Moa, Casuarine, 428.
Moa, Crane-like, 434.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
459
Moa, Didino, 432.
Moa, Dwarf, 433.
Moa, Elcpliant-footcd,
436.
Moa, Emu-like, 430.
ISfoa, Heavv-footed, 434,
Moa, Hector's. 428.
Moa, Ostrich-like, 427.
Moa, South-Island, 425.
Moa, Slout, 43.5.
Mocking-bird, Hill's, VG.
Mockiiif^-bird, Jamaican,
90.
niodularis (Accentor),
98.
niodularis (Motacilla),
98.
mollis (CEstrelata),319.
mollis (Procellaria), 219.
molli.'sima (Anas), 307.
niollissima (Somateria\
307.
Molly Mawk. 315.
MoloUirus, 32.
Molpastes, 10(5.
Momotus, ISl.
nionachus (Vultur\ 20G.
Monaul, 393.
nionedula (Colwus), 9.
monedula (Corvus), 9.
montana (Columba), 1.54.
montana (Fripgilla), 53.
montana (Geotrvgon),
154.
montana (Passer), 53.
nionticolus (Caprimul-
gus), 18().
nioiitifringilla(Fringilla),
50.
Mooruk, 438.
mortieri (Tribonvx), 379.
mcschata (Anas), 298.
moschata (Cairina), 298.
Motacilla, G3.
UiOtacilla (Seiurus). fi5.
motacilla (Turdus), G5.
motacilloides (8aulo-
procta), 114.
Motmot, Eyebrowed,
181.
Motmot, Lesson's. 181.
motmot (Ortalida), 411.
motmot (Ortalis), 411.
motmot (Phasianus),
411.
multicolor (Pelroica),
110.
multicolor (Psephotus),
259.
multicolor (Psittacus),
241.259.
multicolor (Trichoglos-
su.f), 241.
Munia, 39.
Muscicapa, 109.
musicus (Turdus), 91.
Musk-Duck, 309.
Musoplla^r(a, 1(54.
mutus (Lagopus), 400.
mutus vTetrao), 400.
Myeerobas, 47.
Mjcteria, 282.
Myiadectes, 95.
Myiagra, 114.
Myiarchus, 120.
Myna, Common, 24.
Myna, Elack-headcd,
24.
Myzantha, 70.
Myzoniela, 74.
nscvia (Ardeal, 277.
uajvius (Nycticorav), 277,
278.
nana (Acanthiza), 88.
nana (Psittacara), 249.
nana (Pyrrhula), 30.
nana (Spermestes), 30.
nanus (Conurus), 249.
Jsasiterna, 247.
naso (Calvptorhvnchus),
243. '
nebulosa (Strix), 236.
nebulosum (Syrnium),
236.
neglecta (Sturnella), 33.
Neochmia, 41.
JS'eophron, 208.
Nesopsar, 33.
Nestor, 2.j9.
newtoni (Cerclmeis),
227.
nicobarica (Calcenas),
158.
nicobarica (Columba),
158.
niger (Hadrostomus),
122.
niger (Lanius), 122.
nigerrimws (Icterus), 33.
nigerriuuis (Jsesopsar),
33.
Nighf.-TTawk, Jamaien,
18.x
Night-IIeron. Black-
crowned, 277.
Kiglit-IIcron, Nankeen,
■.:77.
Nightingale, 92.
Ni'|htjar, Common, 186.
Nightjar, Franklin's,
l.S(5.
Nigiiljar. Owlet, 188.
Nigiit jar, Texan, 187.
Nightjar, W'liite-necked,
187.
Night jar, White-throated,
188.
nigra (Anas), 308.
nigra (Hvdrocl.elidon),
339.
nigra (Myzomela), 74.
nigra ((Kdemia), 30.S.
nigra (Ortygometra),
383.
nigra (Sterna), 339.
nigricephala (Spindalis),
45.
nigricephala (Tanagra),
45.
nigricoUis (Colius), 174.
nigrifrons (.Egialitis),
34').
nigrifrons (Charadrius),
34(5.
nigrifumosa (LTpiiccr-
thia), 123.
nigrifuniosus (Ciuclodes),
123.
nigrigularis (Cracticus),
83.
nigrogularis (Vanga), 82.
Ninox, 232.
nipalensis (Bubo), 231.
Nisaiitus, 217.
nisus (Accipiter), 212.
nisus (Falco), 212.
nivalis (Emberiza), .">8.
nivalis (Plectruphanes),
58.
nivalis (Plectrophena.x),
58.
noctua (Carine), 232.
noctua (Strix), 232.
Noddy, 339.
notabilis (Nestor), 239.
Notornis. 377-
nova'-hollandiaj (-Ego-
theles), 188.
novK-hollandite (Astur),
212.
novjE-hollandia^ (Calo-
psittacus), 246.
nov;r-h()llandiae (Capri-
mulgus), IS"^.
nova-hciUandioe (Cereop-
sis), 291.
nova'-hoUandiiu (Cer-
thia), 09, 70.
uovaj-hollandiic (Cnenii-
oriiis), 437.
no\ic-hollandire (Dro-
manis), J37, 438.
novaj-hollaudia; (Falco),
212.
nov;i3-hollandijB (Meli-
ornis), (59.
no>a;-hollandia' (Plotus),
208.
460
ALPIIABETICAL INDEX.
ni)Viu-liollandii\? (Psitta-
cus), liiB.
novre-boUaiidiiv; (Scy-
thiops), IG'J.
iiov;\?-zealandite (Cjano-
rhaniplius), 200.
novio-zealandiaj (Din-
oi'nis), 424, 427.
iiovre-zcalaudiai(Merops),
7<>.
uovpc-zealandiK (Kino.x),
233.
nova-zealandiaj (Platy-
fcrciis), 2(')().
novpc-zcalandia; (Prosthc-
iiiadera), 7(>.
nuva'-zealandiic (Psitta-
eus), 2(i0.
noTaj-zealandiic (Strix),
233.
Niicifraga, 12.
iiudicollis (Ampclis),
122.
midicollis (Chasmorliyu-
ehus), 122.
Niiinenius, 361.
Nil mid a, 400.
Kiitcrac'ker, 12.
Nutliatcb, Black-L-apped,
(i8.
Nuthatch, Coiiimtin, OS.
Nuthatcli, Orange-
wiu^ed, (iS.
Nyctala, 236.
Dycthcnieriis (Eiiploco-
iiuis), M)4.
iiyftlieinorus (Phasia-
mis), 3U4.
Nycticorax, 277.
Nyctibius, 185, ISO.
Nyc-tidrcmms, 187.
Kyroca, 306.
obscura (Anas), 300.
occipitalis (Falco), 217.
occipitalis (Gcciiuis), 132.
occi))italis (Lopboaiitus),
217.
occ-pitalis (Picus), 132.
ocellata (Lip(ja), 413.
OLnrocepbala (C'ln-ysotis),
i-iol.
ocbrocepbalus (Psitta-
eiis), 2.')1.
Ocydiomus, 380.
Oeypbaps, 155.
Odoiitopteryx, 272.
(Ederaia, 308.
CEdicneiiius, 342.
ccdifnemus (Cbaradriusi,
342.
adiciieimis (Qidicnemus).
342.
(En a, 150.
cpuantbe (Motacilla), 04.
cpnantbe (Saxicola), 94.
cena.s (Coluiuba), 147,
148.
G':strelata, 319.
Oil-bird, 191.
olivacea (Pacbycepbala),
85.
olor (Anas), 29.5.
(jlor (Oyffnus), 295.
onocrotalus (Pelecaniis),
269, 270.
Opistboeomidac, 374.
Oreocicbla, 89.
Orcoica, 84.
Oreopbasis, 411.
Oreopbilus, 343.
organicuDi (Gymno-
rbina), 82.
orieiitalis (Eurvstomus),
192.
orientalis (Falco), 227.
orient alis (Ilieracidea).
227.
Orignia, 101.
Oriole, liare-faced, 30.
Oriole, Indian Black-
beaded, 29.
Oriob-.s, 29.
oi-nata (Ptilotis), 72.
ornata (Tanagra), 44.
ornatus (Mero) s), 194.
orpbeiis (Minius), 96.
orpbcus (Tnrdu.s), 96.
Ortalis, 411.
Orthouyx, 101.
Ortolan Bunting, 58.
Ortvgometra, 383.
Ortyx, 405.
oryx (Eniberiza), 35.
oryx (Pyroniclana), 35.
oryzivora (Loxia), 39.
oryzivora (Miuiia), 39.
oryzivora (Padda), 39.
Osprey, 229.
Oesifraga, 316.
ostralegus (Ha^niatopiis),
349.
Ostrich, 420, 422.
otidifoi'niis (Aptornis),
381.
otidilbrmis (Dinoi-nis).
381.
Otis, 371.
Otocorys, 60.
otus (Asio), 234.
otus (Stris), 234.
oweni (Apteryx), 416.
Owl, Acadian, 237.
Owl. Barred, 236.
Owl,Boobook,232.
Owl, Duskv-borncd, 231
Owl, Great Horned. 230.
Owl, Hodgson's Eagle,
231.
Owl, Jamaican Eared,
235.
Owl, Little, '232.
Owl, Long-eai-ed, 234.
Owl-Parrot, 262.
Owl, Rock Horned, 231.
Owl, 8bort-eared, 235.
Owl, Tawny, 236.
Owl, Tenguialm's, 236.
Owl, V^irginiaii Horned,
231.
Owlet, Barred, 2.34.
Owlet, Jungle, 234.
Owlet, New-lroland, 233.
Owlet, Spotted, 232.
Oystercatcber, American,
'350.
Ovstercatcber, Common,
"349.
Oystercatcber, Sooty, 350.
Pacbycepbala, 85.
Pacbyornis, 43(').
paciflcus (Larus). 335.
pacificus (Pareudiastes),
379.
pagodarum (^Temenu-
cbus), 24.
jiagodarum (Turd us), 24.
Painted Snipe, African,
3 "^■5.
Painted Snipe, Au.stralian,
355.
Paljeornis, 253.
Palanicdea, 312.
palliatus (lla'matopus),
350.
pallida (Cohimba), 167.
p.illidus (Blacicus),.120.
pallidiis iCuculus). 167.
pallidus (Myiobius), 120.
palunibarius (.Astur), 211.
)ialuiubarius (Falco), 21 1.
Pandiou, 229.
Panyptila, 184.
Panurus, 78.
]:apa (Catbr.rtes), 202.
].:ipa(Vultur), 2t)2.
Paradi.-.e-Plycatcber,
Pied, 115.
Paradisea, 18.
paradis©a (Antbropoides),
365.
paradisea (Ardea), 36.5.
paradisea (Emberiza), 35.
]iaradisea (Grus), 365.
paradisea (Steganura),35.
paradisea (Tetrapteryx),
paradisi (^Muscicapa),115.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
4G1
pai-.idi.si (Tcrpsiplione),
llo.
paradosa (Tetrao), 370.
paradoxa (Syrdiaptes),
•270.
I'araiiquc, Whitc-neeked,
187.
I'ardalotiis, CO.
Pareudiastes, 379.
I'aroaria, 5'J.
Pan-a, 343.
Parrakeet, Adelaide, 2.38.
Parrakect, Uarraband's,
■25o.
Parrakeet, Bauer's, 250.
Parrakeet, Black-tailed,
255.
Parrakeet, Cockatoo,
24().
Parrakeet, Eastern Eose-
lieaded, 254.
Parrakeet, Gi'ound, 2()2.
Parrakeet, King, 255.
Parrakeet, Many-
coloured, 250.
Parrakeet, Masked, 250.
Parrakeet, Pennant's,
257.
Parrakeet, Pigmy Spine-
tailed, 247.
Parrakeet, Eed-brea.sted,
254.
Parrakeet, Red-fronted,
2C.0.
I'arrakeet, Red-winged,
25().
Parrakeet, Ring-neckod,
253.
Parrakeet, Rose-banded,
254.
Parrakeet, Rose-hill,
258.
Parrakeet, Shining, 256.
Parrakeet, Yellow-billed,
258.
Parrakeet, Yellow-eared,
258.
Parrakeet, Yellow-
winged, 240.
Parrot Auk, 331.
Parrot, Grev. 252.
Parrot, Ka-Ka, 239.
Parrot, Owl, 2(>2.
Parson-bird, 7<"'.
Partridge, Couinion, 401.
Partridge, Green, 402.
Partridge, Red-legged,
402.
Partridge, See-See, 402.
Parula, (Ui.
Parus, 7t).
parvirostris (Grauculue).
1117.
Passer, 52.
passerina (Chauirepelia),
153.
passerina (Columba), 153.
Pastor, 22.
Pauxi, 41U.
Pavo, 308.
pavouina (Ardea), 30().
pavouina (Balearica),3()(;.
pavouina (Grus), 3(35.
Peacock-Pheasant, Com-
mon, 307.
Peafowl, Common, 398.
peetoralis (Charadrius),
347.
jjectoralis (Cladorhyn-
cluis), 351.
peetoralis (Garrulax),
104.
peetoralis (lanthocincla),
104.
peetoralis (Leptorhyn-
chus), 351.
peetoralis (Lobivauellus),
347.
peetoralis (Pedionomus),
3()0.
pelagica (Aquila), 210.
pelagica (Procellaria),
321.
pelagica (Thalassidroma),
321.
jjelagicus (Ilaliaetus),
210.
Pelecanus, 269.
Pelican, Australian, 270.
Pelican, Roseate, 2()0.
Peliouetta, 308.
Penelope, 408.
penelope (Anas), 302.
])euelope (Mareca), 302.
Penguin, Cape, 322.
Penguin, Emperor, 325.
Penguin, Gentoo, 323.-
Penguin, Jackass, 322.
Penguin, King, 325.
Penguin, Little, 324.
Penguin, Macaroni, 324.
peiuianti (Aptenodytes),
325.
pennantii (Platycercus),
257.
percnopterus(Jfeophrou),
208.
percnopterus (Vultur),
208.
Perdicula, 404.
Perdix, 401. 404.
perdix (Perdix), 401.
perdix (Tetrao), 401.
persa (Cuculus), 164.
pcrsa (Turacus), 164.
persicus (Cassicus), 31.
persicus (Merops), 103,
104.
persicus (Oriolus), 31.
personatus (Arlamus),
27.
personatus (Coracopsis),
256.
personatus (Ocypterus),
27.
personatus (Platycercus),
256.
personatus (Pyrrhulop-
sis), 256.
perspicillata (Anas), 308.
perspicillata (Peliouetta),
308.
pcrspicillatus (Phalacro-
corax), 266.
pertiuax (Conurus), 248.
pcrtinax (Psittacus),
248.
Petcharr, Foolish, 121.
Petchary, Grey, 121.
Petchary, Red, 12U.
Petrel, Broad-billed Blue,
320.
Petrel, Cape, 319.
Petrel, Dove-like, 320.
Petrel, Fulmar, 318.
Petiel, Giant, 316.
Petrel, Leach's, 321.
Petrel, Rodgers' Fulmar,
318.
Petrel, Short-tailed, 319.
Petrel, Silvery-Grey, 317.
Petrel, Solt-plumaged,
310.
Petrel, Spectacled, 317.
Petrel, Stormy, 321.
Pctrochelidon, 115.
Petroeca, 110.
Pctronia, 52.
Pezophaps, 160.
Pczoporus, 2(>2.
pluvopus (Numcnius),
361.
pl)£eopus (Scolopax),
361.
Phaeton, 264.
phaiitoM (Fringilla), 41.
pbaeton (Neochniia), 41.
Phalacrocorax, 26<).
Phalarope, Grey, 352.
Phalaropc, Red-necked,
352.
Phalaropus, 352.
Phaleris, 330, 331.
Phaps, 156.
phasianella (Columba),
162.
phasianella (.Macro-
pygi.i), 152.
Phasianus, 391.
462
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
pbasianus (Centropiis),
pbasianus (Ciiculiis), 169.
Pheasant, Argus, 397.
Pheasant, Common, 391.
Pheasant, Golden, 392.
Pheasant. Hondo Cop-
per, 392.
Pheasant, Japanese,
391.
Plieasant, Lineated,
394.
Pheasant, Pallas' Eared,
393.
Pheasant, Peacock, 397.
Pheasant, Eul'ous-
tjiiled, 394.
Pheasant, Siamese Fire-
backed, 394.
Pheasant, Silver, 394.
Pheasant, Wallich's,
392.
pbilippensis (Hypot;i3-
nidia), 382.
philippineusis (Rallus),
382.
pbilippinus (Merops),
194.
Pbilohela, 3.i3.
Phlogoenas, 1.57.
phcenieea (Petroeca), 111.
phceniceus (Agela;us), 32.
phceuiceus (Oriolus), 32.
Phoenicopterus, 288.
pboenicopterus (Co-
lumba), 147.
pboenicopterus (Croco-
pus), 147.
phoeuicurus (Motacilla),
94.
phoenicurus (Euticilla),
94.
Pholidopbalus, 199.
Phonipara, 48.
pbrvgia (Xantbouiyza),
72.
pbrygius (Merops), 72.
Piiylloscopus, 87.
Pica, 13.
pica (Corvus), 13.
pica (Pica), 13.
picata (Columba), Ibl.
picata (CTracula), 1U2.
picata (Grallina), 1U2.
picata (Leucosarcia), 157.
picata (Perdix), 403.
picta (Tbaumalea), 392.
pictus (Fraucolinus),
403.
pictus (Pbasianus), 392.
Pied Wagtail, (i3.
Pigeon, IJartiett's, 157.
Pigeon, IJcngalGreen, 147.
Pigeon, Blue-beaded,
158.
Pigeon, Bronzed-winged,
15(3.
Pigeon, Brush Bronze-
winged, 157.
Pigeon, Common
Crowned, 158.
Pigeon, Crested. 1.55.
Pigeon, Cuban, 149.
Pigeon, Domestic, 148.
Pigeon, Double-crested,
146.
Pigeon, Green Imperial,
144.
Pigeon-Hawk, 226.
Pigeon, Nicobar, 1.58.
Pigeon, Passenger,
150.
Pigeon, Pheasant-tailed,
152.
Pigeon, Eiug-tailed,
149.
Pigeon, Tooth-billed,
1.59.
Pigeon, Triangular-
spotted, 149.
Pigeon, White-crowned,
149.
Pigeon, Wonga-Wonga,
157.
pilaris (Tardus), 91.
pileata (Penelope), 409.
pileata (Sittelia), 68.
Pinarolestes, 84.
Piouus, 251.
Pipile, 410.
Pipit, Alpine. 64.
Pipit, Meadow, 64.
Pipit, Tawny, 64.
pitangua (Lanius), 119.
pitangua (Megarbyn-
chus), 119. 120
Pitangus, 119.
Pitta, 122.
Pitta, Bengal, 122.
Pitta, Noisy, 123.
plagosus (Cbalcococcyx),
168.
plagosus (Cuculus), 168.
plagosus (Lamprococ-
cyx). 168.
Plain-Wanderer, Col-
lared, 369.
planicornis (Hydroco-
ras), 197.
Platalea, 284.
Platycercus, 257.
Plectrophenax, 58.
Plcctropterus, 290.
plicatus (Khytidoccros),
200.
Ploccus. 42.
Plover, Black-fronted,
34(3.
Plover, Black-beaded,
344.
Plover, Egyptian Spur-
winged. 348.
Plover, Golden, 344.
Plover, Grey, 345.
Plover, Indian Spur-
winged, 348.
Plover, Kildeer, 346.
Plover, Ringed, 34(i.
Plover, Wilson's, 346.
plumbeiventri-s (Gymno-
crex), 382.
plumbeiventris (Rallus),
382.
plumifera (Ardca), 274.
pluniiferus (llerodias),
274.
plumif'erus (Podargus),
190.
pluvialis (Charadrius),
344.
pluvialis (Cuculus),
171.
pluvialis (Ilyetornis),
171.
Pluvianus, 344.
Pooliard, Common,
306.
Podargus, 189.
Podargus, Cuvier'.s,
190.
Podargus, Plumed,
190.
Podargus, Tawiiy-
shouldered, 189.
podiceps (Colymbus),
o90.
podiceps (Podilymbus),
390.
Podioipes, 389.
Podilymbus, 390.
Poepliila, 40.
Polyborus, 209.
polychlorus (Eclectus),
253.
Polyplectrum, 397.
Polytelis, 255.
jDolvtmus (Aitburus),
127.
polvtmus (Trochilus),
127.
Pomatorhinus, 103.
Porpbyrio, 376.
porphyrocephalus (Glos-
sopsitta), 242.
porjDliyrocepbalus (Glos-
sop.sittacus), 242.
porpiiyrocephalus (Tri-
olioglossus), 242.
porzaua (Crex), 383.
ALrnABETICAL INDEX.
403
porzana (Ortygoinetra),
883.
porzana (Rallus), 3S.3.
prailatus (Dianlk'alliis),
3!)4.
pnclatus (Euploeomns),
.•i;»4.
prasiiius (Aulacorliain-
pliiis), 142.
prasinus (rterofflossus),
14i>.
jiratensis (Anthus), fi4.
pratensis (Crex), ;583.
praticola (Otocorys), 00.
rratinolo, Collared,
341.
Pratiiu-ola, 112.
pratiiicola (Glareola),
341.
pratiiip()la(ninmclr)),341.
principalis (Campo-
pliiliH), 13().'
principalis (Emberiza),
35.
principalis (Pious), 13G.
principalis (Vidua), 35.
Prion, 320.
Proslheniadera, 70.
Psephotus, 25U.
Pseudogjps. 2U8.
Pseudotantalus, 28").
psittacula (Aloa), 330.
psittacula (Phaleris),
330.
psiftaculus (Cjclorlivn-
chus), 330.
Psittacus, 252.
Psophia, Sa.l.
Psophodes, 102.
Ptarmigan, _ Common,
40(».
Pterocles. .'^70.
Ptilonorlivnchus, 18.
Ptilopus, '146.
Ptilorhis, 17.
Ptilotis, 71.
puella (Trogon), 162.
Puffui, Connuon, 329.
Puffin, Horned, 330.
Puffinus, 318.
puguax (Machetes), 3.'>7.
pugnax (Totanus), 357.
pugnax (Tringa), 3.57.
pulchella (Euplit-nia),
259. 2H0.
pulchellus (Psittacus),
259.
puUaria (Agapornis),
257.
pullarius (Psittacu.s),
257.
pulverulentus (Porpliy-
rio), 370.
punctat uni (Cinclosoma),
102.
pwnctatus(Turdus), 102.
punctulata (Fringilla),
39.
punctulata (Munia), 39.
l)urpurea (Ardea), 373.
piir))urcu3 (Laniproco-
lius), 25.
purpureus (Turdus), 25.
pusilla (Ortygometra),
383.
pusilla (Porzana), 383.
pusilhis (Rallus), 383.
pusio (Nasiterna), 247.
Pycnonotus. 105.
pyg;v!us (I.xos), 100.
pygieus (Pycnonotus),
100.
pygargus (Circus), 210.
pygargus (Faico), 210.
pygniifua (Microcarbo),
2(>8.
pygnic-cus (Pelecanus),
268.
pygnianis (Pbalacroco-
rax), 208).
Pygoscelis, 323.
Pyranga, 45.
Pyroinelaua, 35.
Pyrrhula, 56.
pyrrhula (Fringilla), 57.
])yrrluila (Loxia), 50.
pyrrhula (Pyrrhula),
.5().
Pyrrjiulauda, 62.
Pyrrhulopsis, 250.
pyrrliops (liuchanga),
28.
pyrrhops (Dicrurus),
28.
Quail, Common, 404.
Quail, Jungle Bush,
404.
Quail, Least Swamp,
405.
Quail, Virginian, 405.
Quelea, 30.
quelea (Emberiza), 30.
quelea (Quelea), 30.
Querquedula, 300.
radiata (Strix), 234.
radiatum (Glaucidium),
234.
radiatus (Erythrotri-
orclii.s), 213.
radiatus (Falco), 213.
Bail, Grey-bellied, 382.
Rail, Jamaicim Claijper,
382.
Rail, Land, 383.
Rail, Pectoral, 382.
Rallus, 381.
Raven, Connnon, 8.
rcctirostris (Collyriu-
cinda), 84.
Recurviiostra, 350.
Redbreast, 93.
Red-breasted Tlirush,
91.
Red Grouse, 399.
Redpoll, Mealy, 51.
Redshank, Connnon,
359.
Redstart, Common, 94.
Red Tanager, Brazilian,
45.
Redwing, 90.
Reed-liunting, 57.
Reed-Warbler, Au.stra-
lian, 88.
Reef-Heron, Eastern,
275.
regalis (Hesperornis),
385, 3i80.
Regent-bird, 20.
regia(Platalea), 284.
Regulus, 79.
regulus (Falco), 220.
remwardti (Harpactes),
1()1.
religiosa (Gracula), 23.
religiosus (Eulabes), 23,
24.
religiosus (Maiuatus),
23.
rex (Eahvniceps), 279.
Rham))hastos, 140.
Rhamphoea4us, 45.
Rhea, 418.
Rhea, Connnon, 418.
Rhea, Darwin's, 419.
rhinoceros (Euceros),
190.
Rhinochetus, 307.
Rhinogryphus, 203.
Rhiuoplas, 197.
Riiipidura, .114.
Riiynciiiea, 3.55.
Rhyncbops, 340.
Rliynchotis, 414.
riiynchotis (Anas), 303.
rhvnehotis (Si^atiila),
303.
Rliytidoceros, 200.
richardsoni (Stercora-
rius), 332.
ridibundus (Larus), 330.
Rille-bird, Common,
17.
Ring-Dove, 148.
ringvia (Lomvia), 328.
ringvia (Uria), 328.
Rissa, 330.
4G4
ALPHABETICAL I\DEX.
Robin, American, OL
Robin, Buff-sicied, 111?.
Robin, Flame-breasted,
in.
Robin, Hooded, 111.
R(jbin, Scarlet-breasted,
110.
Robin-Shrike, Grey-
bre;isted, 80.
Robin-Slirike, Yellow-
breasted, 85.
Robin, Siberian Rub}'-
tbroated, 93.
Robin, South-Island,
113.
robiistus (Dinornis), 42."),
426.
Rock-Pigeon, 148.
Rock-Sparrow, Abyssi-
nian, 52.
ro:lgersi(Fulmaras). 318.
Roller, Australian, 193.
Roller, Common, 192.
Roller, Indian. 192.
Roller, Stout-billed, 193.
Ro(jk, Common, 7-
rosea (Petroeca\ 111.
roseicapilla (Cacatua),
24(5.
roseus (Pastor), 22.
roseus (Pboenicopterus),
288, 289.
roseus (Sturnus), 22.
roseus (Turd us) 22.
rubecula '^Erytbacus),
93.
rubecula (Motacilla),
93.
ruber (Phoenieopterus),
288, 289.
ruber (Tantalus), 287.
rubetra (Motacilla). 112.
rubetra (Pratincola),
112.
rubicilla (Pyrrbula), .">().
rubicola (Motacilla),
112.
rubicola (Pratincola),
112.
rubinea (Clytol;ema),
127.
rubra (Guara), 28".
rubra (Muscicapa), 45.
rubra (Pyranga), 45,
4(5.
rubra (Tanagra), 4(5.
rubricata (Origma). 101.
rubricata (Sylvia), 101.
rubricera (Carpophaga),
144.
rubrieollis (Reeurviros-
tra), 3.jl).
rudi.s (Alcedo), 177.
rudis (Ceryle), 177.
rufa (Caecabis), 402.
i-ufa (Dendrocitt.a), 13.
rufa (Limosa), 3(i(J.
rufescens (Rhynchotis),
414.
Ruff, 357.
ruficollis (Glossiptila),
4.3.
ruficollis (Tanagra), 4.3.
rufigaster (Pinarolestes),
84.
rufi venter (Erytliro-
gonys), 345.
rufiventer (V^anellus),
345.
rufiventris (Cliaradrius),
345.
rufiventris (Pinarolestes),
84.
ruf'ogaster (Colluri-
ciuela), 84.
rufus (Lanius), 13.
rufus (Tetrao), 402.
rumiciv(jrus (Thino-
corifs), 341.
rupicola (Columba), 152.
rupicola (Turtur), 152.
rustica (Ilirundo), 115,
11(5.
rustica (Pica), 13.
rusticola (Scolopax),
353.
rusticula (Scolopax),
353.
Ruticilla, 94.
sacra (Ardca), 275.
sacra (Demiegretta),
276.
Sacred Ibis, Australian,
28(5.
Salpornis. G7.
sanctus (Halcyon), 180.
Sanderling, 357.
Sand- Grouse, Black-
bellied, 370.
Sand-Grouse, Lichten-
stein's, 371.
Sand-Grouse, Pallas's,
370.
Sandpiper, Common,
358.
Sandpiper, Purple, 357.
Sandpiper, Wood, 359.
saudvicensis (Bernicla),
293.
sandwicliensis (Bernicla),
293.
sandwicliensis (Chloe-
j)liaga), 293.
sanghireusis (Cittura),
174.
sanguiuolenta (Certhia),
74.
sanguinolenta (Myzo-
mela), 74.
satyra (Ceriornis), 39G.
saularis (Cot)sycbus),
94.
saularis (Gracula), 94.
saurophaga (Halcyon),
179.
Saurothera, 170.
sa^'annarum (Anuno-
dromus), 59.
savannaruin (Fringilla),
59.
saxatilis (Caecabis), 402.
saxaliiis (Perdix), 402.
Saxicola, 94.
scapulatus (Aprosmic-
tus), 25.5.
Scarlet Ibis, 287.
Scaup Duck, Ring-
necked, 30().
Schlegelia, 1(5.
schoenielus (Euiberiza),
57.
Scimitar-Babbler, Pale-
fronted, 103.
Scimitar-Babbler, White-
eyebrowed, 103.
scintillans (Phasianus),
392.
sclateri (Grancalus),
KX.
Scolecophagus, .33.
scolopacea (Ardea), 307.
scolopaceus (Arauius),
367.
Scolopax, 3.5.3.
scolopax (Oulicnemns),
342.
Scopus, 280.
Scoter, Common, 308.
Scoter, Surf, 308.
Scoter, Velvet, .".(J8.
scoticus (Ligcpus), 399.
scoticus (Tetrao), 399.
Scotopelia, 230.
Screamer, Horned, 312.
Scrub-bird, Noisy, 117.
Scytbi'ops, 1(59.
Sea-Eagle, African, 220.
Sea-Eagle, Pallas's, 220.
Sea-Eagle, Steller's,
219.
Sea-Eagle, White-bellied,
219.
Sea-Eagle, White-
headed, 219.
secrctarius (Otis), 204.
secret arius (Ser]ien-
tarius), 204.
Secretary Bird, 204.]
AM'IIAMKTICAL INDKX.
ICj
Sced-oater, Brazilian,
55.
Seed-eater, Goldeu-
rmiiped, 55.
Seed-Snipe, Coniincjn,
341.
See-See Partridge, 4l)2.
segetiini (Anas), 201.
segctum (Anser), 2'Jl .
Seiurus, f)5.
selbii (Collyriocinela),
84.
senegalensis (Myeteria),
2S3.
senilis (Pionus), 251.
senilis (Psittacus), 252.
sejjtentrionalis (Colym-
bus), .ms.
serieea (Meliornis), 70.
serieea (Meliphaga), 70.
Serieulus, 20.
Serin Fincb, 54.
Serinus, 54.
serinus (Fringilla), 54.
serinus (Serinus), 54.
Serpentarius, 204.
seri-ator (Mergus), .311.
Sliag, Common, 2l')7.
sbarpii (Buceros), 1!19.
sbarpii (Pholidoplialus),
11)0, 200.
Sliearwater, Manx, 318.
Sheathbill, 34U.
Siieathbill, Lesser, 340.
Sheldrake, Chestnut-
coloured, 298.
Sheldrake, Common,
299.
Shoveller, Australian,
3(j;5.
Shoveller, Common,
303.
Shrike, Black, 122.
Shrike, Great Grey, 81.
Shrike, Large-billed, 81.
Shrike, Lesser Grey, SO.
Shrike, Red-backed, 81.
Shrike-Thrush, Rusty-
breasted, 84.
Shrike-Thrush, Selby's,
84.
Shrike-Tit, Frontal, 79.
Shrike-Tit. Whitc-
beUied, 79.
Sialia, 95.
Siberian Ruby-throated
Robin, 93.
Simorhynchus, 3.31.
sinensis (Cissa), 14.
sinensis (Fraucolinus),
403.
sirkee (Centropus), 171.
sirkee (Taccocua), 171.
PART III.
Sirkeer, Bengal, 171.
Siskin, 51.
Sitagra, 42.
Sitta, ()8.
Sittella, 08.
Skimmer, Yellow-billed,
340.
Skua, Common, 332.
Skua, Richardson's, 332.
Sky-Lark, (il.
Smew, 312.
Smicrornis, 11.3.
smyrni'usis (Aleodo),
178.
smyrnensis (IFaloyon),
178.
Snake-bird, American,
2(i9.
Snijie, African Painted,
355.
Snipe, Australian
Painted, 3.55.
Snipe, Common, 354.
Snipe, Jack, .354.
Snijie, New-Holland,
354.
Snipe, Swinhoe's, 355.
Snipe, Wilson's, 354.
Snow-Bunting, 58.
sccmmerinpi (Phasi-
anus), 392.
Solitaire, KiO.
Solitaire, Jamaican, 95.
Solitaire, Swainson's,
95.
solitaria (Ceyx), 178.
solitarius (Cryptura),
415.
solitarius (nidus), IGO.
solitarius (Myiadectes),
95.
solitarius (Myiadestes).
95.
solitarius (Pezophaps),
1 (■)().
solitarius (Tinaraus),
41.5.
sohjuionis (Ninox), 233.
Somateria, 307.
Song-Thrusii, 90.
sonnorati (Gall us), .395.
sordidus (.\rtamus), 27.
sordidus (Tardus), 27.
Sparrow, Abyssinian
R.)ck, .52.
Sparrow, Common, .5,3.
Sparrow, Golden -headed,
54.
Sparrow, Grasshopper,
.59.
Sparrow-ITawk, Com-
mon, 2 1.").
Sparrow, Hedge, 98.
Sparrow, trava, 'JO.
Sparrow, Southern
Grey-headed, .53.
Sparrow, Tree, 53.
nparveria (Cerchneis),
228.
sparverius (Falco), 228.
Spatula, 3U3.
Spcrmestcs, 30.
S[)ermopliila, 48.
Sphecotheres, 30.
Si)heniseus, .322.
Sphenura, KM),
splienurus (Haliastur),
221.
splienurus (Milvus),
221.
Spliyropicus, 1.34.
spilonota (Certhia), 07
spilonota (Salporiiis),
('.7.
Spindalis, 45.
spinicauda (Orthonvx),
101.
spinicolhs (Carphibis),
280.
spinicollis (Ibis), 280.
spinosus (Charadrius),
.348.
spinus (Chrysomitris)
51.
sjiinus (Fringilla), 51.
siiipoletta (Ahuida), 04.
spipoletta (Anthus), ()4.
splendens (Platvcercus),
256.
splendens (Pyrrhulopsis),
256.
sponsa (Aix), 304.
sponsa (Anas), ;{()4.
Spoonbill, Common,
284.
Spoonbill, Royal, 284.
Spoonbill, Yellow-legired,
285.
Sporai'ginthns, 38.
S)ioropipes, 42.
Squatiirola, 345.
Staganopleura, 37.
Starling, Common, 21,
22.
Starling, Indian, 22.
Starling, Pied, 22.
Starling, Purple-I leaded
Glossy, 25.
Starling, Wattled, 23.
Starncenas, 158.
Steamer Duck, 309.
Steatornis, 191.
Stcgamn-a, .3.5.
.stcllaris (Ardea), 278.
slellaris (Botaurus), 278.
Stercorarius. 3.'>2.
2k
4(5 0
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
Sterna, 337.
stictipennis (Ibis), 28().
stietipennis (Threski-
ornis), 2SB.
stictocepbalus (Micro-
car bo), 2(57.
stictocepbalus (Pbalacro-
corax), 267, 268.
Stictospiza, 36.
Stigmatops, 71.
Stilt, Banded, 351.
Stilt, Common, 3,52.
Stilt, White-beaded, 351.
Stipituriis, 100.
Stofk-Dove, 147.
stolida (Sterna), 339.
i^tolidus (Auous), 339.
stolidus (Myiarcbus),
121.
stolidus (Mjiobius), 121.
Stonecbat, 112.
Stone-Curlew, 342.
Stone-Curlew, Australian,
342.
Stone-Curlew, Soutb-
African, 342.
Stork, Wbale-beaded,
279.
Stork, White, 281.
Strepera, 82.
s-lrepera (Anas), 3(Jl.
streperus(Chaulelasmus),
301.
.strepitans (Pitta), 123.
Strepsilas, 349.
striata (Coluiuba), 151.
striata (Geopelia), 151.
strigirostri.s(Didunculu8),
159.
strigiroetris (Gnathodon),
159.
strigoides (Caprimulgus),
189.
strigoides (Podargus),
189, 190.
Stringops, 262.
Strix, 237.
striithersi (Ibidorliyn-
cbus), 362.
Strutbidea, 83.
Strut bio. 420.
sirutbioides (Dinornit;),
427.
struthioides (Palapterjx),
428.
Sturnella, 33.
Sturiiopastor, 22.
Sturnus, 20.
Bubbuteo (Falco), 226.
suberistata (Baza), 223,
224.
subcristatus (Lepido-
genj-s), 223.
subflava (Friugilla), 38.
subilavus (Sporoegiutbus),
38.
subocularis (Gljcipbila),
71.
subocularis (Stigmatops),
71.
Sula, 264.
sulphurea (Cacatua), 244,
245.
sulpbureus (Psittacus),
245.
snmatranus (Corydon),
12.5.
suporba (Menura), 116.
superciliaris (Crypticus),
181.
superciliaris(Eumomot,i),
181, 182.
sujjerciliaris (Penelope),
408.
superciliaris (Prionites).
181.
superciliosua (Acantbo-
rhyncbus), 74.
superciliosus (Phaetbor-
nis), 127.
superciliosus (Pomato-
rhinus), 10.3.
Surf- Scoter, 308.
Sutoria, 100.
sutoria (Motacilla), 100.
sutoria (Ortbotomus),
100.
sut(jria (Sutoria), 100.
swainsoui (Ptilonojjus),
147.
swainsoui (Ptilopus),
147.
Swallow, Conunon, 115.
Swallow, Indian Clitf,
116.
Swallow-Shrike, Ashy,
2().
Swallow-Shrike, Dusky,
27.
Swallow-Shi-ike, White-
bellied, 27.
S\v;;mp-Quail, Least, 405,
Swan, Bewick's, 295.
Swan, Black, 296.
Swan, Mute, 295.
Swan, Trumpeter, 296.
Swan, Whooper, 294.
Swift, Comniou, 183.
Swift, Indian Crested,
184.
Swift, Spine-tailed, 184.
Swift, White-throated,
184.
Sycalis, 5.5.
svkesii (C'anipopbaga),
■ 109.
sykesii (Lalage). 109.
sylvatica (Carpophaga),
144.
sylvatica (Columba), 144.
sylvestris (Buceros), 196.
sylvestris (Ocydromus),
380.
Sylvia, 87.
Symorbyncbus, 331.
Sypheotides, 373.
Syrnium, 236.
Syrrbaptes, 370.
Taccocua, 171.
'j'achybaptes. ,390.
Tachyeres, 309.
Tadorna, 298.
tadornoides (Anas), 298.
tadornoides (Casarca),
298.
tadornoides (Tadorna),
298.
tiBniata (Aptenodytes),
323.
toL'uiiita (Pygoscelis),
323.
Ticniopygia, 38.
Tailor-bird, Indian, 100.
Talegallus, 412.
Talking Mvna, Malayan,
23.
Talking Myna, South-
Indian, 23.
Tanager, Archbishop,
44.
Tanager, Blue -
shouldered, 44.
Tanager, Brazilian Red,
Tiinager, Red-throated
Blue, 4,3.
T'anager, Scarlet, 46.
Tanager, Silvery Blue,
44.
Tanager, Superb, 43.
Tanager, Violet, 43.
Tanagra, 44.
Tantalus, 285.
tarda (Otis), 371.
Tawny I'ipit, 64.
Teal, American Green-
winged, 301.
Teal, Common, 300.
Teal, Falcated. 301.
Teal, Lesser WhistUng,
297.
teesa (Butastur), 218.
tecsa (Circus), 218.
Tcmeiniclius, 24.
tcmuiiucki (Ccriornis),
;;97.
tcinmiui-ki (Sal vra),
397.
ALIMlAliKTirAL INKKX.
4(i7
tompoi-alis (Potnato-
rliimis), 103.
tcncbroaa (Gallinula),
378.
ten<;maliui (Nyctala),
236.
tenginalmi (Strix), 23(>.
teniiirostris (Corone"), 1 1.
teniiirostris (Corvits), 11.
teuuirostris (Licmelis),
24().
Tern. Arctic, 338.
Tern, Black, 330.
Tern, Caspian, 338.
Tern, Common, 337.
Tern. Large Crested,
338.
Tern. Royal, 338.
Tern, White, 339.
Ter))si|3hone, 115.
torricolor (Malacocer-
cus), 104.
terricolor (Pastor), 10-4.
Tetrao, 398.
Tetrapteryx, 3().5.
tetriix (Otis), 372.
tetrix (Tetrao), 399.
texensis (Chordeiles),
187.
Thalassidroraa, 321.
thalassina (Cissa), 14.
Tlialassoica, 317.
tharus(Falco), 209.
tliarus (Polyborus), 209.
Thaunialea, 392.
tliibetanum (Polyplec-
trum), 397-
thibetauus (Pavo), 397.
Thickliead, Crested, 84.
Thickhead, Olivaceous,
85.
Thickhead, White-
throated, 85.
Thick-knee, 342.
Thinocorus, 341.
Thrush, Jamaica, 92.
Thrush, Missel, 91.
Thrush, Orange-headed
Ground, 89.
Thrush, Pied Wagtail,
102. ^
Thrush, Red-breasted,
91.
Thrush, Song, 90.
Thrusli, South-Australian
Ground, 89.
Thrush, Spine-tailed
Ground, 101.
Tlirush, Spotted Ground,
102.
Thrush, White-throated
Ground, 89.
Tiuamou, Great, 414.
Tinaniou, ParaguaviiU.
41.5.
Tinanius, 414.
tinnunculus (Cerchueis),
227, 228.
tinnunculus (Falcu), 227.
tiphia (lora), lOG.
Titmouse, Bearded, 78.
Titmouse, Blue, 77.
Titmouse, British Coal,
77.
Titmouse, Crested, 78.
Titmouse, Great, 76.
Titmouse, Long-tailed,
78. ^
tixicrus (Coturnicuhis),
59.
Tockus, 201.
toco (Rhamphastos), 140.
Tod us, 182.
Tody, Green, 182.
toliapica (Odontopteryx),
torda (Alca), 327.
torquatus (Astur), 212.
torquatus (Faico), 212.
torquatus (Palaiornis),
253, 254.
torquatus (Pedionomus),
309.
torquatus (Psittacus),
253.
torquilla (Tynx), 136.
torquilla (Yunx), 136.
totanirostris (Chara-
drius), 345.
totanirostris (Oreopiii-
lus), 345.
Toucan, Ariel, 140.
Toucan, Cuvier's, 141.
Toucan, Golden-Green
Groove-billed, 142.
Toucan, Red-billed, 141.
Toucan, Sulphur-
breasted, 141.
Toucan, Toco, 140.
Tour.ico, Green-crested,
164.
Touraco, Violet, 164.
Tragopan, Horned, 396.
Tragopan, Teinminck's,
.597.
tranquilla (Geopclia),
l.JO.
Tree-Duck, Ejton's, 297.
Tree-Duck, Fulvous-
bellied, 297.
Tree- Duck, Whistling,
298.
Tree- Pie, Himalayan, 14.
Tree-Pie, Indian, 13.
Tree-Sparrow, 53.
Tribonyx, 379.
Trichoglossus, 241.
tricolor (Musciea])a), 114.
tricolor (Rliipidura),
114.
tridactyla (Rissji), 33C).
tridactylus (Larus), 336.
Tringa, 356.
Tringoides, 358.
tri.stis (Aeridotheres), 24.
tristis (Paradisea), 24.
trivirgatus (Astur), 211.
trivirgatus (Falco), 211.
Trocliilus, 129.
trochilus (Motacilla), 88.
trocliilus (Phylloscopus),
88.
troglodytes (Anorthura),
97.
troglodytes (Motacilla),
97.
Trogon, 162.
Trogon, Mexican, 162.
Trogon, Ray-tailed, 162.
troile (Golyuibus), 328.
troile (Lorn via), 328.
Tropic-bird, Red-billed,
264.
Tropidorhynchus, 73.
Trumpeter, Common,
885.
Trypanocorax, 7.
tuberosa (Crax), 410.
tuberosa (Mitua), 410.
Tui, 76.
tumulus (Megapodius),
413.
Turacus, 164.
Turd us, 90.
Turkey, Common, 406.
Turkey- Vulture, 203.
Turkey-Vulture, Cali-
fornian, 204.
Turnix, 368.
Turnstone, Common, 349.
Turtle-Dove, Asiatic, 1.52.
Turtle-Dove, Common,
152.
Turtur, 152.
turiur (Turtur), 152.
typhia (.Egithiua), 10(1.
typhia (Motacilla), 106.
Tyrannus, 121.
tyrannus (Milvulus),
121.
tyrannus (Muscicapa),
' 121.
Tyrant, Cuban, 119.
Tyrant-bird, Earl of
'Derby's, 119.
Tyrant, 1 look-billed, 1 19.
Tyrant, Jamaican Olive,
118,
Tyrant, Scissor-tail, 121.
468
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
uinbellus (Bonasa), 401.
umbelliis (Tetrao), 401.
umbretta (Scopus), 280.
undulatus (MelopsiUa-
cus), 261.
undiilatua (Psittacus),
2G1.
Upiipa, 143.
Uranornis, 16.
urbica (Chelidou), 11.5.
urbica (Hirundo), 115.
Uria, 329.
urile (Pelecamis), 267.
urile (Pbalacrocorax),
267.
Uroaiitus, 216.
urogallus (Tetrao), 398.
Uroloncba, 40.
uropygialis (Limosa),
360.
validirostris (Hcematops) ,
75.
validirostris (Melithrep-
tus), 75.
validus (Myiarchus), 120.
Vanellus, 348.
vanellus (Tringa), 348.
vanellus (Vanellus), 348.
varia (Mniotilta), 66.
varia (Motacilla), 66.
Tariegata (Ninox), 233.
variegata (Noctua), 233.
variegatus (Numenius),
361.
variegatus (Tantalus),
361.
varius (Hemipodius),
3<')9.
varius (Picus), 134.
varius (Sphyropicus),
134.
varius (Turnix), 369.
velox (Hemipodius), 368.
velox (Tui-nix), 368.
Velvet Scoter, 308.
ventralis (Charadrius),
348.
ventralis (Hoplopteru.s),
348.
ventralis (Tribonyx), 379.
ventralis (Vanellus), 348.
versicolor (Phasiauus),
391, .392.
vcspertinus (Cocco-
thraustes), 46.
vetula (Cuculus), 170.
vetula (Saurothera), 170.
victoriiE (Goura), 158.
Vidua, 35.
vigil (Buceros), 197.
vigil (Rbinoi)lax), 197,
198.
violacea (Euphonia), 43.
violacea (Loxia), 48.
violacea (Loxigilla), 48.
violacea (Musopliaga),
163, 164.
violacea (Tanagra), 43.
virescens (Ardea), 277.
viresceus (Brotogerys),
249.
virescens (Butorides),
277.
virescens (Psittacus),
'249.
virgata (Apbriza;, 3*9.
virginiaua (Strix), 231.
virginianus (Bubo), 231.
virginianus (Cardinalis),
49.
virginianus (Ortyx), 405.
virginianus (Tetrao),
405.
virgo (Ardea), 365.
virgo (Grus), 3(i5.
viridis (^Elurcedus), 19.
viridis (Gecinus), 131,
132.
viridis (Gracula), 19, 30.
viridis (Merops), 195.
viridis (Mimeta), 30.
viridis (Oriolus), 30.
viridis (Picus), 131.
viridis (Todiis), 182.
viscivorus (Turdus), 91.
vittata (Muscicaiw), 112.
vittata (Petroeca), 112.
vittata (Procellai'ia),
320.
vittatus (Conurus), 248.
vittatus (Prion), 320.
vittatus (Psittacus), 248.
vociferus (iEgialilis),
346.
vociferus (Antrostomus),
187.
vociferus (Capriuuilgus),
187.
vociferus (Cbai-adrius),
346.
vulgaris (Buteo), 214.
vulgaris (Sturnus), 21.
Vulture, 2U6.
Vulture, Bengal, 208.
Vulture, Califoruian
Turkey, 204.
Vulture, Cinereous, 206.
Vulture, Egyptian, 2().S.
Vulture, European
Bearded, 215.
Vulture, Griifon, 2()C..
Vulture, Indian Griffon,
207.
Vulture, King, 202.
Vulture, Turkey, 203.
vulturinus (Litbornis),
202.
V^^agtail, Grey, 6.3.
Wagtail, Indian, (')3.
Wagtail, Pied, 63.
wallichii (Pbasianus),
392.
Warbler, Arctic Willow,
87.
Warbler, Austral ian Reed,
88.
Warbler, Black-and-
Wliite, 66.
Warbler, Blackcap. 87.
Warbler, Garden. 87.
Warbler, Golden-headed,
(>5.
Warbler, Little, f^S.
Warbler, Eock, 101.
Warbler, Superb, 1 1 4.
Warbler, White-fronted,
98.
Warbler, Willow, 88.
Warbler, Yellow-backed
Blue, 66.
Water-cock, 381.
Water-hen , Black-tailed ,
379.
Water-hen, Common,
378.
Water-hen, Mortier's,
378.
Water-hen, Pacific, 379.
Water-hen, Sombre, 378.
Water-Rail, Common,
381.
Water-Thrush, Louisi-
ana. 65.
Waxbill, Sanguineous,
38.
Waxwing, 86.
Weaver-bird, Cape, 42.
Weaver-bird, Indo-Ma-
layan, 42.
Weaver-Finch, Banded,
40.
Weaver-Fincli, Black,
38.
Weaver-Finch, Chestnut-
eared, 38.
Weaver-Finch, Crimson,
41.
Weaver-Finch, Cut-
throat, 37-
Weaver-Finch, Goidd's,
40.
W'eaverFiuch, Green.
36.
W'eaver-Fincli, Grey-
headed, 36.
Weaver Finch, Java,
39.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
469
Weaver-Finch,
Eed-
Woodcock, American,
billed, 3(;.
353.
Weaver-Fiiicli,
Rufous-
Woodcock, Common,
necked, 42.
353.
Weaver-Finch,
Spottcd,
Wood-Duck, :m.
39.
Wood-hen, Eustard-like,
Weaver-Finch,
Spotted-
381.
sided, 37.
Wood-hen, Lafresnaye's,
Weaver-Finch,
Whitc-
380.
headed, 39.
Wood-hen, Lord Howe
Weaver-Finch,
White-
Island, 380.
runiped, 4U.
Wood-hen, South Island,
Weaver-Finch,
Whito-
380.
vented, 41.
Wood-Ibis, African,
Wheatear, Cummon, 94.
285.
Whimbrel, 3()1,
Wood-Lark, 01.
Whinibrel, Eastern, 3G1.
Woodpecker, Black-
Whimbrel, Little, 301.
naped Green, 132.
Whinchat, 112.
Woodpecker, Fulvous-
Whip-poor-VV^il
[1, 187.
breasted I'icd, 135.
Whistling Teal, Lesser,
Woodpecker, Golden-
297.
backed, 135.
White-cared Finch-Lurk,
^^'ood^)ccker, Great
62.
Sjiotted, 134.
Whydah-bird,
Broad-
Woodpecker, Green,
tailed, .'?.').
131.
Whydah-bird,
Long-
Woodpecker, Grey-
tailed, 35.
headed, 132.
Wigeon, American,
Woodpecker, Ivory-
3t»3.
billed, 130.
Wigeon, Common, 302.
Woodpecker. Large Yel-
wilsonia (/Fgia
litis), 34n.
l<i\v-naped. 133.
wilsonius (Charadrius),
Woodpecker, licsser Yel-
34(5.
low-naped, l;)3.
Woodpecker, Red-
bellied, 134.
Woo<l pecker, Red-
headed, 133.
Woodpecker, Soutliern
Golden-backed, 1.30.
Woodpecker, Yellow-
bellied, 1.34.
Wood- Pigeon, 148.
Woo(l-i{obin, Rose-
bre:.sted, HI.
Wood-Swallow, Masked,
27.
Wren, Common, 97.
Wren. Emu, 100.
Wryneck, Common, 130.
XantholiTjma, 139.
Xantliomyza, 72.
xanthonotus (Calypto-
rhynchus), 244.
Xantliopygia, 113.
Yellow Amnier, .57.
Zenaida, 152.
zenaida (Columba), 152.
zenaida (Zenaida), 1.52.
zonarius (Platycercus),
259.
zonarius (Psittacus), 259.
PBINTED BY TAYLOR A.ND FRANCIS, RED LlOU COURT, FLEET STREET.
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