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Celebrated 


Cambridge    Men 


By   the   same    Author, 


Crown  8vo.     Cloth  3s. 

HELPS   TOWARDS   BELIEF   IN   THE    CHRISTIAN    FAITH, 

with  preface  by  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh. 


Crown  8vo.     Cloth  3s. 

THE   UNWRITTEN    SAYINGS   OF   CHRIST. 

Words  of  Our  Lord  not  recorded  in  the  Four  Gospels,  with  notes. 


Small  Post  8vo.     Cloth  Boards  is. 

SPOKES   IN   THE    WHEEL   OF   LIFE. 

Addresses  to  Young  Men  at  S.  Andrew's,  Wells  Street,  W. 


CELEBRATED 
CAMBRIDGE    MEN 


A.D.    1390—1908. 


BY 

C.  G.  GRIFFINHOOFE,  M.A. 

S.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


CAMBRIDGE: 
A.    P.    DIXON,   9,    MARKET   STREET. 

LONDON : 
JAMES  NISBET  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  22,  BERNERS  STREET,  W. 


1910. 


^1 


PREFACE. 

AN   attempt  has  been  made  in  the  following  pages 
to    furnish    some  account,  at  once  chronological 
and  connected,  of  the  many  great  men,  famous 
both   in   Church  and    State,  who  have  been    trained    at 
the  University  of  Cambridge. 

Some  sort  of  idea  is  doubtless  commonly  held,  that 
certain  "  worthies "  were  connected  with  certain  colleges, 
but  the  knowledge  on  such  matters  is,  as  a  rule,  vague 
and  indefinite,  and  far  from  being  exact.  The 
endeavour,  therefore,  has  been  to  give  an  ordered  list 
of  famous  men,  now  departed,  arranged  according  to  the 
date  at  which  they  came  to  Cambridge,  to  record  the  college 
or  colleges  with  which  they  were  connected,  the  friends 
with  whom  they  associated,  the  honours  and  positions 
to  which  they  attained  in  the  University,  and  therewith 
also  to  convey  some  brief  account  of  the  achievements 
in  later  life  for  which  they  are  renowned. 

Viewed  in  this  way,  it  is  hoped  that,  for  some,  at 
least,  the  story  of  the  days  that  are  past  will  gain  in 
clearness,  and  the  doings  of  the  men  who  once  trod 
the  familiar  courts  will  stand  out  in  less  uncertain  light, 
so  that  "  he  who  runs  may  read,"  and  may  know  how 
great  a  part  the  Cambridge  training  has  played  in  fitting 
men  to  be  good  servants  of  the  Kingdom  and  Empire. 
To  the  list  as  presented,  many  names  might  still  be 
added  ;  the  question  of  space  has,  however,  had  to  be  con- 
sidered, and  restraint  to  be  exercisedso  as  to  keep  the 
book  within  reasonable  limits 


PREFACE. 

The  dates  placed  within  brackets  refer  to  the  years 
of  the  man's  life.  There  is  also  prominently  given  the 
name  of  the  college  to  which  he  was  attached,  and  the 
year  of  matriculation  thereat.  In  cases  where  high  pre- 
ferment at  another  college  subsequently  followed,  the 
name  of  that  college,  as  well  as  the  date,  is  given. 

My  thanks  for  many  valuable  hints  are  due  to  R.  F. 
Scott,  M.A.,  Master  of  S.  John's  College,  to  Canon 
C.  H.  W.  Johns,  Litt.D.,  Master  of  S.  Catharine's 
College,  to  E.  W.  Naylor,  Mus.D.,  of  Emmanuel  College, 
and  to  J.  B.  Sterndale-Bennett,  of  S.  John's  College. 

C.  G.  G. 


Cambridge, 

August^  i^io. 


LET     US     NOW     PRAISE     FAMOUS    MEN,     AND    OUR 
FATHERS     THAT     BEGAT     US." 


CELEBRATED 
CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


While  it  must  be  difficult  to  state  exactly  how 
the  University  of  Cambridge  took  its  rise,  it  may 
with  confidence  be  asserted  that  learning  was  con- 
nected with  Cambridge  before  the  13th  century 
opened.  There  were  already  stationed  in  the 
town  the  secular  Canons  associated  ^vith  the 
Church  of  S.  Giles;  there  were  also  clergy  con- 
nected with  the  Church  of  S.  Benet.  In  11 12  the 
Canons  of  St.  Giles  removed  to  Barnwell  Priory, 
and  made  a  new  and  ,enlarged  home.  The 
Nunnery  of  S.  Rhadegund,  on  the  spot  where  Jesus 
College  now  stands,  took  its  rise  in  1133,  and  the 
Hospital  of  S.  John  the  Evangelist,  with  its  body 
of  Augustinian  Canons,  was  founded  in  1135. 
But  the  college  system  was  not  yet.  In  1224 
Franciscans  settled  on  the  present  site  of  Sidney 
Sussex.  Fifty  years  later  Dominicans  took  up 
their  abode  on  land  now  occupied  by  Emmanuel. 
Soon  after  there  were  Carmelites  near  the  present 
site  of  Queens',  and  the  Augustinian  Friars  had 
a  house  some  way  further  East.  These  various 
bodies  seem  to  have  been  instrumental  in  foster- 
ing learning. 

Although,  on  the  whole,  it  cannot  be  said 
with  truth  that  the  University  was  the  direct 
outcome   of  monastic  influence,    it   is,   however, 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

a  fact,  that  the  founding  of  the  first  College 
at  Cambridge  was  due  to  the  love  for  education 
and  the  general  activity  of  a  bishop  of  Ely.  The 
connection  between  subsequent  occupants  of  the 
See  and  the  University  has  been  close  and  event- 
ful, and  Cambridge  owes  much  to  their  fostering 
care  in  the  past,  and  will,  we  doubt  not,  be  under 
a  similar  debt  of  gratitude  in  the  future. 

Hugh  Balsham,  born  in  the  village  of  that 
name,  hard  by  Cambridge,  entered  in  due  course 
the  order  of  S.  Benedict  and  was,  in  the  year 
1258,  elected  Bishop  of  Ely  by  the  Benedictine 
Monks  who  gathered  round  the  monastery  which 
had  been  founded  by  Etheldreda  in  the  fens. 

The  Bishop's  rule  was  at  once  quiet  and 
prudent,  and  his  desire  for  learned  clergy  led  him 
to  try  the  experiment  of  incorporating  a  body  of 
secular  scholars  along  with  the  professed  Augus- 
tinian  regulars  of  the  Hospital  of  S.  John  in 
Cambridge.  The  plan  proved  a  failure,  and  in 
order  to  improve  matters  the  secular  scholars 
were  removed  to  another  home  in  what  is  no^y 
Trumpington  Street. 

Thus  in  1284  was  started  the  College  known  as 
Peterhouse,  which  was  later  on  provided  with 
statutes  based  on  the  model  of  those  prevailing 
at  Merton  College,  Oxford.  Balsham's  new 
foundation  led  the  way  for  still  further  extension, 
but  the  inception  of  the  College  system  is  really 
due  to  the  good  bishop  whose  body  rests  before 
the  high  altar  in  Ely  Cathedral. 

Forty  years  later  Hervey  de  Stanton  obtained 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

from  Edward  II.  leave  to  found,  at  Cambridge, 
Michael  House;  this  foundation,  which  is  now 
merged  in  Trinity  College,  was  another  step  to- 
wards the  College  system.  In  1347  Pembroke 
Hall  was  founded  by  Mary  de  Valence;  in  1348, 
a  clergyman,  Edmund  Gonville,  towards  the  clos- 
ing days  of  his  life  obtained  permission  from 
Edward  III.  to  found  a  college  near  what  is 
now  Freeschool  Lane,  in  honour  of  the  Annuur 
ciation  of  the  Blessed  Virgin  Mary.  The  founda- 
tion was  known  by  the  name  of  Gonville  Hall. 

While  Edmund  Gonville  was  carrying  out  his 
conception  of  founding  his  college,  William  Bate- 
man,  an  ecclesiastic  who  had  been  already  trained 
at  the  University  in  the  study  of  Canon  and  Civil 
Law,  and  who,  by  his  knowledge  of  diplomacy, 
had  gained  the  favourable  notice  of  the  Roman 
Pontiffs,  was  consecrated  Bishop  of  Norwich  by 
Pope  Clement  VI. 

As  Bishop  he  encountered  considerable  trouble 
owing  to  the  prevalence  of  the  disease  known  as 
the  "  black  death,"  a  scourge  which  devastated 
the  Eastern  Counties  and  seriously  depleted  the 
number  of  Bateman*s  clergy.  To  remedy  this 
loss  of  men,  and  in  thanksgiving  for  his  own 
preservation,  he  set  himself  to  place  at  Cam- 
bridge, in  the  early  years  of  his  episcopate,  the 
foundation  of  Trinity  Hall. 

Edmund  Gonville  had  by  this  time  died,  and 
Bateman  acted  as  his  executor.  He  removed 
Gonville's  foundation  to  the  present  site  of  Gon- 
ville and  Caius.  But  he  did  more  than  this:  he 
3 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

considerably  altered  the  statutes  of  Gonville  Hall, 
and  made  them  more  like  those  of  his  own 
foundation  of  Trinity  Hall.  In  effect  he  thus 
became  the  second  founder  of  that  College  which 
already  bore  the  name  of  Gonville,  and  was  in 
due  time  to  owe  so  much  to  the  munificence  of 
Caius. 

For  Cambridge  Bateman  ever  had  a  great 
regard.  Dying  suddenly  on  the  Continent,  he 
was  buried  before  the  high  altar  of  Avignon 
Cathedral,  at  a  service  over  which  the  Patriarch 
of  Jerusalem  presided. 

More  years  passed  by,  and  two  confraternities 
connected  with  Cambridge,  the  Guild  of  Corpus 
Christi,  and  the  Guild  of  the  Blessed  Virgin, 
aided  in  starting  what  is  now  known  as  the  Col- 
lege of  Corpus  Christi.  A  little  later  the  Coun- 
tess of  Clare  enlarged  a  previously  existing 
Hall,  and  gave  to  us  what  is  now  known  as 
Clare  College. 

Cambridge  was  thus  already  endowed  with 
several  useful  foundations  in  working  order,  and 
the  fostering  care  of  Peterhouse,  Michael  House, 
Pembroke  Hall,  Gonville  Hall,  Trinity  Hall,  Cor- 
pus Christi,  and  Clare  Hall  rapidly  aided  the 
further  advance  of  learning. 
William  Gonville's   foundation   was   soon   to   prove   its 

lyndewode    usefulness.     William  Lyndewode,  who  obtained 
(c.  1375-1446)  his  education  there,  became  Fellow  later  on  of 
Gonville  Hall  p^n^bro^e       Being    interested    in    ecclesiastical 
affairs  and  in  diplomatic  work,  he  was  treated 
with  much   favour  by   Henry  VI.   and  wrote  a 
4 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

great  compendium  of  Canon  Law.      As  a  good 

lawyer     and     capable     man     of     business,     he 

was  raised  to  the  Bishopric  of  S.  David's,  and 

assisted    largely    in    the    foundation    of    Eton 

College  and  of  King's  College,  Cambridge.     By 

his  will  his  body  was  buried  in  the  Chapel  of 

S.  Stephen,  at  the  Palace  of  Westminster,  where 

he  had  been  consecrated.     During  excavations 

on  the  spot  in  January,  1852,  the  body  of  a  man 

was  found,  and  by  it  lay  a  crozier:  the  remains, 

which   were  probably  those  of  Lyndewode,  were 

removed  to  the  north  cloister  of  the  Abbey.* 

The  founding  of  the  college  of  S.   Catharine       Robert 

was  due  to  the  care  and  enthusiasm  of  Robert    WodeUrke 

Wodelarke,  who,  as  Provost  for  27  years  of  the      ^'^^  ^' 

King's  1441 
neighbouring  foundation  of  King's  College,  had 

been  largely  instrumental,  as  master  of  the  works 

there,  in  bringing  about  the  building  of  the  mag- 

niticent  chapel,  so  well  known  as  one  of  the  chief 

treasures  of  Cambridge. 

Thomas  Rotherham,  who  probably  had  been      Thomai 

at  Eton,  and  was  one  of  the  original  Fellows  of    Rotherham 

King's  College,  rose  to  high  rank  in  Church  and  ^^^^^'^     ^ 

Kind's  1444 
State.     Chosen  for  the  Bishopric  of  Rochester,     p^j^broke 

he  later  on  passed  to  Lincoln,  and  finally  became        1430. 

Archbishop  of  York  and  Chancellor  of  England. 

For  a  tim.e  he  fell  under  the  displeasure  of  those 

in    power,   omng   to  his   support   of  the   Queen 

Elizabeth  Wydeville,  and  was  imprisoned  for  a 

short  period.    His  connexion  with  the  University 


*  Stanley,  '*  Westminster  Abbey,"  p.  309. 
5 


e.  1448. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

was  noteworthy :  he  became  Master  of  Pembroke 
in  1480  and  Chancellor  of  the  University.  The 
building  of  the  Library  frontage  of  that  period 
was  due  to  him,  and  Great  S.  Mary's  Church 
profited  by  his  zeal  for  restoration.  He  greatly 
benefited  his  native  town  of  Rotherham,  and 
both  there  and  in  Cambridge  is  remembered  for 
his  learning,  humility,  and  nobility  of  character. 
He  lies  buried  in  York  Minster. 
John  Alcock  John  Alcock,  who  was  a  friend  of  Rotherham, 
<1430-1500)  entered  the  University  about  the  middle  of  the 
fifteenth  century.  He  was  destined  to  leave  a 
great  name  as  the  virtual  founder  of  Jesus 
College.  Trained,  as  he  was,  at  Beverley  Gram- 
mar School,  it  may  have  been  that  the  ideal 
beauty  of  the  great  Minster  of  that  town  left  a 
strong  impression  on  his  mind;  certainly  in  all 
he  did  in  later  years  the  excellence  of  his  know- 
ledge of  ecclesiastical  architecture,  and  of  his 
artistic  taste,  stood  him  in  good  stead.  The 
episcopal  palace  at  Ely,  and  Great  S.  Mary's  at 
Cambridge,  were  restored  by  him,  and  the  beauti- 
ful chantry  which  he  constructed  in  the  north 
choir  aisle  of  Ely  Cathedral,  where  he  lies 
buried,  is  regarded  as  a  treasure  b}^  all  ecclesi- 
ologists.  He  was  highly  esteemed  by  Henry 
VH.,  and,  together  with  Fisher,  Colet,  and 
Rotherham,  was  a  real  and  sensible  reformer. 
He  held  successively  the  Sees  of  Rochester, 
Worcester,  and  Ely,  and  was  twice  Lord  Chan- 
cellor; and  as  Bishop  of  Ely  founded  the  college 
at  Cambridge  which  has  such  a  great  name,  and 
6 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


from  the  beauty  of  its  buildings  and  the  charm 
of  its  grounds  gained  the  well-known  appreciation 
of  James  I.  His  life  was  closely  linked  with 
that  of  Rotherham:  for  a  time,  in  1474,  they 
conjointly  held  the  post  of  Lord  Chancellor,  and 
Alcock  succeeded  to  the  See  of  Rochester  when 
Rotherham  vacated  it.  Both  were  Yorkshiremen 
and  connected  with  Beverley,  and  both  died  in 
the  same  year. 

Another  of  those  men  who  seem  to  have  an      Nicholas 
innate  love  for  architecture  and  church-building        West 
came   to   King's   in    1477.      Nicholas   West   had    (1461-1533) 
been  at  Eton,  and  is  said  to  have  been  the  son   King's  1477. 
of  a  Putney  tradesman.    He  became  Fellow,  and 
was  later  in  life  largely  taken  up  with  diplomatic 
work,  for  which  he  had  a  great  taste  and  apti- 
tude.   Born  with  a  love  of  pomp,  this  great  man 
became  Dean  of  Windsor  and  afterwards  Bishop 
of  Ely.     He  was  in  close  intimacy  with  Bishop 
Fisher,  Sir  Thomas  More,  and  Cardinal  Wolsey, 
and  is  remembered  as  having  built  the  "  West " 
Chapel  in  his  Cathedral. 

The    Rede    lecture    is   one   of    the   looked-for    Sir  Robert 
events  of  the  May  Term.    Sir  Robert  Rede,  who        Kede 
founded  it,*  was  at  Buckingham  (Magdalene)  Col-    (  ?    -1519) 
lege,  and  later  Fellow  of  King's  Hall  (Trinity),  Magd.c.l477. 
and  he  rose  to  be  Chief  Justice  of  the  Common 
Pleas.     Great  men  have  lectured  on  his  founda- 
tion, among  them  Owen,  Willis,  Airy,  Tyndall, 
Thomson,  Ruskin,  Max  Miiller,  Norman  Lockyer, 
E.  A.  Freeman,  Tait,  Samuel  Baker,  Henry  Maine, 
Dr.  Birch,  Clerk  Maxwell,  and  Henry  Irving. 

*  The  original  Lectures  have  undergone  some  modification. 
7 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

JohB  Fisher        John   Fisher  is   one  of  whose  memory   Cam- 

(c.  1459-1535)  bridge   is  justly  proud.     A  Yorkshireman,   and 

^^  *®        probably,    like    Alcock,    educated    at    Beverley, 
House 
,.on        sometime  about  1480  he  entered  Michael  House, 

0.  1480.  ^ 

and  became   Fellow  and  Senior  Proctor.     The 
Mastership  was  soon  after  conferred  upon  him, 
and  he  became  Vice-Chancellor  and  Confessor 
to  Margaret,  Countess  of  Richmond,  mother  of 
Henry  VH.     Fisher  did  much  to  put  new  life 
into  Cambridge:  accepting  the  Margaret  Profes- 
sorship of  Divinity,  which  had  just  been  founded 
by  his  pious  and  far-seeing  patroness,  he  soon 
became    Chancellor    of    the    University,    a   post 
which  he  held  for  life,  and  also  was  appointed 
Bishop  of  Rochester.     His  connexion  with  Cam- 
bridge continued,  although  he  held  the  Bishopric, 
for    we    find    him    shortly    after    accepting    the 
Presidentship  of  Queens',  and  taking  interest  in 
Margaret's    desire    to    found    Christ's    College. 
Henry    VH.     passed    away    in     1509:     Fisher 
preached  his  funeral  sermon  in  S.  Paul's :  and  to 
the    regret    of    all   the    Lady    Margaret   herself 
died  only  three  months  later.     It  had  been  her 
eager  wish  before  she  died  to  found  S.  John's. 
Fisher  carried  out  her  desire,  and,  in  place  of  the 
suppressed  Hospital  of  S.  John,  the  College  was 
duly  started  in  151 1,  and  some  fellowships  were 
endowed  by  Fisher  himself.    For  Wolsey,  Fisher 
had  a  qualified  approval,   but  with  true  desire 
for  the  welfare  of  Cambridge,  and  as  a  means 
to  gain  Court  influence  for  the  University,  he 
offered  to  resign  the  Chancellorship  if  Wolsey 
8 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

would  take  it.  The  offer,  however,  was  refused. 
It  was  Fisher  who  induced  Erasmus  to  come  to 
the  University;  it  was  he  who  supported  the 
study  of  Greek,  and  even  went  so  far  as  to  learn 
the  language,  although  advanced  in  life;  it  was 
he  who  was  in  favour  of  wise  ecclesiastical  reform 
and  yet  remained  convinced  of  the  value  of 
Papal  rule;  it  was  he  who  saw  difficulties  ahead 
in  some  of  the  reformed  doctrines,  and  desired 
in  all  things  to  avoid  dangerous  extremes;  it 
was  he  who  advised  Convocation,  when  accepting 
the  fact  of  the  royal  supremacy  over  the  Church, 
to  insert  the  explanation  "  so  far  as  is  allowable 
by  the  law  of  God:"  and  owing  to  the  strictly 
conscientious  line  which  he  pursued,  he  felt 
obliged  to  oppose  Henry's  divorce  and  re- 
marriage. Trouble  gathered  round  him  late  in 
life:  together  with  More  he  was  charged  with 
treason  and  imprisoned  in  the  Tower,  and  his 
library,  which  might  have  been  of  such  value  to 
Cambridge  men,  was  confiscated.  He  suffered 
in  health  during  his  confinement,  and,  to  their 
honour  be  it  said,  the  Fellows  of  S.  John's, 
scorning  the  danger  which  might  ensue,  wrote 
to  condole  with  their  revered  benefactor.  The 
end  came  quickly — the  offer  of  a  Cardinal's  hat 
to  the  worthy  Bishop  inflamed  the  King,  who 
is  reported  to  have  said,  "  the  Pope  might  give 
Fisher  a  hat,  but  he  would  take  care  he  had  no 
head  to  put  it  on."  He  was  beheaded,  and 
buried  in  the  Church  of  S.  Peter  ad  Vincula  in 
the  Tower.  So  passed  away  one  of  the  best  of 
9 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Cnthbert 
Tunstall 
(1474-1559) 
King's  Hall 
Trinity 
c.  1494. 


Cambridge  men,  not  supremely  great  perhaps, 
but  sincere  and  single-souled,  given  over  to  love 
of  learning,  governed  always  by  good  motives, 
and  desirous  all  his  life  to  be  true  to  his  calling, 
and  to  serve  his  fellow-men. 

After  residing  for  a  time  at  Balliol  College, 
Oxford,  Cuthbert  Tunstall,  the  Yorkshireman, 
came  to  Cambridge,  and  was  enrolled  at  King's 
Hall  (afterwards  Trinity).  He  held  a  foremost 
position  in  England,  and  while  strongly  in  favour 
of  reform,  never  lost  his  head,  and  stood  out 
as  one  of  the  most  sensible  of  those  who  had  to 
do  with  the  changes  of  the  Reformation  period. 
He  was  the  friend  of  Warham,  Erasmus,  and 
More,  and  was  rapidly  raised  first  to  the  Deanery 
of  Salisbury  and  then  to  the  Bishoprics  of  Lon- 
don and  Durham.  He  was  very  widely  respected, 
and  had  much  to  do  with  the  Six  Articles,  and 
also  with  the  Bishops'  Bible,  which  was  published 
in  English  in  1541.  A  genuine  churchman,  he 
yet,  owing  to  his  belief  in  the  kingly  power,  went 
a  long  way  in  accepting  the  various  changes 
which  Henry  was  forcing  on;  his  learning  on 
questions  of  theology  was  great,  and  he  published 
a  treatise  on  the  Sacrament  of  Christ's  body  and 
blood.  On  the  King's  death  trouble  arose:  the 
Bishop  had  consented  to  all  that  Henry  wished, 
but  his  belief  in  the  royal  prerogative  was 
strained  by  the  vagaries  of  Edward,  and  he 
was  placed  in  the  Tower  and  deprived  of  his 
See,  Under  Mary  he  once  more  found  free- 
dom, but  he  refused  to  agree  to  the  Queen's 
10 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

desire  for  the  persecution  of  Protestants;  under 

Elizabeth    also    he    conscientiously    refused    to 

consecrate    Parker,    whom    the    Queen    desired 

should  be  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  and  he  was 

once  again  deprived  and  imprisoned,  under  mild 

rule,  at  Lambeth,  where  he  died  and  was  buried. 

He   is   remembered   as   a   prelate   of   unstained 

character     and     acknowledged     wisdom,     who 

throughout  adhered  firmly  to  what  he  believed 

to  be  right. 

Gardiner  occupied  an  important  position  under      Stephen 

the  Tudor  dynasty,   and  was  for  a  time  much      Gardiner 

in   Henry's   favour.      Fellow,    and    subsequently  ^         ,    ,' 
^  '  n  /    Trinity  Hall 

Master  of  Trinity  Hall,  a  post  which  he  held  for      ^  ^^02 

24  years,  he  was  also,  during  part  of  the  time. 
Rede  Lecturer  in  the  University,  and  was  the 
friend  of  Wolsey  and  Erasmus.  His  scholarly 
attainments  were  considerable:  both  in  the  work 
of  translating  the  Scriptures  into  English  and  in 
the  carrying  out  of  judicious  reforms  his  help 
was  of  great  service,  but  in  public  matters  he 
seemed  to  waver  and  to  display  a  want  of 
stability  of  character.  At  first  he  was  in  favour 
of  renouncing  the  Papal  supremacy,  and  looked 
with  a  favourable  eye  on  Henry's  contemplated 
divorce:  but  events  moved  too  rapidly  for  his 
liking,  and  he  began  to  take  up  a  more  conser- 
vative position.  To  the  King  his  advice,  as 
Bishop  of  Winchester,  was  often  of  great  value; 
his  hand  was  possibly  to  be  seen  in  the  drawing 
up  of  the  Six  Articles,  and  after  Wolsey's  fall, 
in  the  endeavour  to  save  from  utter  destruction 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


the  colleges  founded  by  the  Cardinal.  Succeed- 
ing Cromwell  as  Chancellor  of  Cambridge 
University,  he  took  up  a  cautious  line  and 
found  himself  in  opposition  to  Sir  John  Cheke 
on  the  question  of  the  pronunciation  of  Greek, 
and  thereby  somewhat  retarded  learning.  In  Ed- 
ward's reign  he  fell  on  evil  days;  the  posts  he 
held  were  taken  from  him,  and  it  was  not  until 
Mary  came  to  the  throne  that  he  was  restored  to 
the  Mastership.  His  learning  often  proved 
his  safeguard:  he  certainly  assented  to  most 
that  Mary  wished,  and  was  her  Lord  High  Chan- 
cellor; but  he  interceded  for  Cranmer  and 
Northumberland,  tried  to  save  Peter  Martyr,  the 
Oxford  professor,  from  imprisonment,  helped  to 
some  extent  Smith,  who  had  been  tutor  to 
Edward  VI.,  and  also  his  friend  Ascham,  and  is 
said  to  have  used  at  least  some  influence  in 
trying  to  save  Frith,  his  old  pupil,  and  Bradford, 
from  burning.  It  is  also  to  be  remembered  that 
he  used  considerable  discretion  in  advising  Mary 
as  to  the  need  of  caution,  and  in  withstanding 
many  of  the  desires  of  Pole.  Towards  the  close 
of  his  life,  however,  he  became  more  of  a 
reactionary,  and  seemed  to  detest  all  idea  of 
reform;  he  did  not  scruple  to  declare  Elizabeth 
illegitimate,  and  with  his  dying  words  regretted 
that  he  had  ever  joined  in  the  revolt  against 
Papal  supremacy. 
Sir  William  Gonville's  foundation  was  instrumental  in 
(c.  1485-1545)  training  a  most  capable  man  in  the  person  of 

Gonvillellail  Butts.     He  was  popular  as  a  doctor,   and  held 
c.  1503  ^  ^ 

12 


Jesus  1505. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

the  post  of  Court  physician.  Anne  Boleyn,  Jane 
Seymour,  Princess  Mary,  and  Wolsey  were 
among  his  patients:  he  was  also  in  the  close 
friendship  of  Cranmer,  Cheke,  and  Latimer,  and 
known  to  all  the  important  people  of  the  time. 

Almost  at  the  same  date  as  Gardiner,  Thomas  Thomas 
Cranmer  came  to  Cambridge.  He  became  Fel-  Cranmer 
low  of  Jesus,  and  passed  altogether  about  25  [  \^tt 
years  at  the  University.  As  to  the  merits  of 
his  character,  opinions  have  all  along  differed, 
and  while  some  regard  him  as  a  martyr  for  the 
right,  others  look  upon  him  as  a  weak  and 
vacillating  man.  A  just  estimate  probably  re- 
gards him  as  a  curious  blend  of  strength  and 
weakness,  of  far-seeing  wisdom  and  of  weak- 
kneed  temporizing,  of  signal  piety  and  of 
deplorable  connivance  in  evil  courses.  Whatever 
his  true  character  was,  he  played  an  important 
part  in  England's  history.  His  early  marriage 
to  a  lady  living  in  Cambridge  necessitated  the 
loss  of  his  Fellowship,  but  the  society  at  Jesus 
quickly  re-elected  him  when  at  the  end  of  a 
year  he  became  a  widower.  For  a  time  he  held 
the  post  of  reader  at  Buckingham  (Magdalene) 
College,  and  early  in  1528  he  began  to  attract 
the  notice  of  Henry  VHI.  His  suggestion  that 
the  monarch  should  settle  the  difficulties  as  to 
his  divorce  from  Catharine  of  Aragon  by  an 
appeal  to  the  Universities  was  gratifying  to  the 
King's  mind,  and  in  consequence  Cranmer's  rise 
was  rapid.  As  Archbishop  he  again  displayed 
devotion  to  the  cause  of  the  new  learning, 
13 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

together  with  constant  change  of  his  own  theo- 
logical position,  and,  while  longing  for  freedom, 
he  seemed  to  be  hopelessly  subservient  to  the 
royal  will.  General  opinion  cannot  be  said  to 
approve  of  his  action  with  regard  to  the  trial  of 
Catharine,  or  of  his  wavering  testimony  as  to 
the  validity  of  the  marriage  of  Anne  Boleyn,  or 
of  his  subsequent  procedure  with  regard  to  Anne 
of  Cleves  and  Catharine  Howard.  He  consented 
to  the  burning  of  several  so-called  "  heretics," 
and  agreed  to  the  imprisonment  of  Gardiner,  an 
old  Cambridge  man.  His  doings  at  Oxford  are 
well  known:  after  signing  seven  recantations  he 
finally  proclaimed  a  recantation  of  these  recan- 
tations, and  with  a  sudden  determination  thrust 
his  hand,  "  the  member  that  had  offended,"  into 
the  burning  flame,  and  so  died.  On  the  other 
hand,  there  are  those  who  see  in  him  a  fitting 
instrument  for  performing  necessary  but  unpalat- 
able work  at  a  difficult  time.  "He  alone,  so 
far  as  we  know,"  writes  Mr.  Pollard,  "  tried  to 
save  the  monks  of  Sion  from  the  block :  he  alone 
interceded  for  Fisher  and  More,  for  Anne  Boleyn 
and  for  the  Princess  Mary,  for  Thomas  Cromwell 
and  Bishop  Tunstall.  He  told  Henry  VHI.  that 
he  had  offended  God,  and  Cromwell  that  the 
Court  was  setting  an  evil  example.  He  main- 
tained, almost  unaided,  a  stubborn  fight  against 
the  Act  of  Six  Articles,  and  resisted  longer  than 
anyone  else  the  Duke  of  Northumberland's  plot. 
He  refused  to  fly  before  danger  at  Mary's  acces- 
sion, and  for  two  and  a  half  years  withstood, 
14 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


without  flinching,  the  pressure  of  a  sixteenth 
century  prison.  If  then,  for  a  month,  he  wavered 
between  his  duty  to  the  State  and  that  to  his 
conscience:  if,  finally,  he  tried  to  concede  that 
impossible  change  of  belief  which  his  inquisitors 
required,  he  redeemed  his  fall  by  a  heroism  in 
the  hour  of  death  to  which  history  can  find 
few  parallels."*  Undoubtedly  Cranmer  was  ex- 
tremely learned,  he  knew  Latin,  Greek,*  Hebrew, 
French  and  Italian;  much  of  his  work  done  for 
the  Church  was  very  popular  and  statesmanlike, 
and  has  stood  the  test  of  time.  He  was 
thoroughly  loved,  his  greatest  enemies  speak  of 
him  as  a  generous  foe,  and  he  never  courted 
wealth  ;  but  the  darker  episodes  of  his  life  are  like 
flies  in  the  ointment,  and  spoil  the  fair  promise  of 
his  character.  He  can  hardly  be  ranked  as 
among  the  greatest  and  best  of  the  Reformers. 
"He  w^as  at  once,"  says  Macaulay,  '*a  divine  and  a 
courtier,"  and  it  was  this  attempted  combination 
of  the  two  characters  which  spoiled  his  life. 

It  is  doubtful  whether  Thomas  Audley,   who      Thomag, 
became    Baron   Audley,   of   Walden,   and   Lord  Lord  Audley 
Chancellor  of  England,  was  really  a  student  at     ofWaldea 
Magdalene,  but  the  College  was,  later  on,  greatly 
altered  and  almost  reformed  by  him.     An  Essex 
man,  he  early  passed  into  close  connection  with 
the   Court,   and  rapidly  rose  to   eminence,   first 
as  Chancellor  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  and 
then  as  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Commons.    The 
question  of  Sir  T.   More  came  before  him,   as 
*  A.  F.  Pollard  "  Thomas  Cranmer,"  p.  328. 
15 


1488-1544. 

Magdalene 

G.  1505. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

also  the  trials  of  Bishop  Fisher  and  Anne  Boleyn. 

At  the  dissolution  he  received  grants  of  several 

monasteries,  among  them  being  that  of  Walden, 

in  the  church  of  which  town  he  lies  buried.     He 

can  hardly  be  regarded   as  a  great   character, 

but  his  name  is  widely  remembered. 

Bichard Croke      Richard  Croke,  who  was  at  Eton  and  at  Kings, 

(1489-1558)    did  much  in  the  course  of  his  life  to  carry  on 

King's  1506.    ^Yie  work  to  which  Erasmus  was  to  give  such 

impetus  at  Cambridge.   Made  Fellow  at  S.  John's, 

and  also  Public  Orator,  he  gained  notoriety  by 

his  Greek  lectures.     More,  Linacre,  and  Fisher 

were  among  his  friends,  though  it  cannot  be  said 

that   he  behaved  well  to  the  last.     At   Henry's 

instigation  he  undertook,  some  said  by  bribery, 

to  obtain  from  various  seats  of  learning  statements 

which  should  be  favourable  to  the  royal  divorce. 

Hugh  Aihton       Hugh  Ashton,  who  began  his  career  at  Oxford, 

(c.  1480-1522)  and  came  to  S.  John's,  has  left  behind  a  revered 

S.  John's     name.     He  ably  seconded  all  the  efforts  made 

^  by  Margaret  Tudor  for  the  good  of  the  College, 

and  himself  established  there  several  Fellowships. 

He  became  Archdeacon  of  York  in  1516.     His 

monument  is  still  in  the  College  Chapel,  marked 

by  the  curious  crest  or  rebus  which  he  chose  as 

representing  his  name. 

Thomaa  Visitors  to  Ely  may  possibly  have  noticed  in 

Goodxich      the  Cathedral  a  somewhat  ornate  brass  to  the 

(   ?   -1554)    memory  of  Bishop  Goodrich,  who  was  also  Lord 

Corp.  Chr.    Chancellor.      He  is   reputed   to   have   been   for 

,        ,c'      a    time    connected    with    Corpus    Christi,    and 
Jesus  1510. 

was  made  Fellow  of  Jesus,  and  served  the  office 
16 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

of  Proctor.  Wolsey  recognised  his  merit,  and 
he  was  consulted  as  to  the  legality  of  the  royal 
marriage  with  Catharine.  He  became  Chaplain 
to  the  King,  and  was  consecrated  to  the  See  of 
Ely.  He  had  leanings  to  the  reformed  doctrines, 
and  joined  in  compiling  the  Bishops'  Book,  or 
the  "  Godly  and  Pious  Institution  of  a  Christian 
Man."  His  well-balanced  mind  found  scope  as 
one  of  the  Commissioners  named  by  the  King 
for  the  visitation  of  Cambridge,  and  further  as 
one  of  the  framers  of  the  First  Book  of  Common 
Prayer.  He  knew  exactly  how  far  in  his  own 
mind  he  thought  it  safe  for  the  Reformation  to 
go,  and  his  caution  was  of  great  service.  Mary 
deprived  him  of  his  Lord  Chancellorship,  to 
which  he  had  been  appointed  in  1551,  as  she 
resented  his  apparent  preference  for  Lady  Jane 
Grey.  Goodrich  died,  however,  duly  possessed 
of  the  Bishopric  of  Ely.  The  episcopal  palace 
at  Ely  was  largely  restored  under  his  direction.    ^^ 

S.  Edward's  Church,  where  Latimer  preached  HughLatimer 
his  stirring  sermons,  is  still  with  us.     He  had  (o- 1485-1555) 
been   Fellow  of   Clare  and  one   of  the  Twelve  ^^"®^- ^5^^- 
Preachers   of   the   University,   and   also   carried 
the  University  cross  in  processions.     Gradually 
the  new  learning  more  and  more  attracted  him, 
and   his    eagerness    for    reform   became    widely 
known;  his  approval  of  the  royal  divorce  pro- 
cured for  him  Court  favour,  and  he  was  quickly 
made  Bishop  of  Worcester.     His  sturdy  manli- 
ness and  belief  in  practical   Christianity  made 
him  become  the  foe  of   every  abuse:   wonder- 
17 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

working  images  and  miraculous  relics  excited  his 
wrath,  and  he  determined  to  do  away  with  all 
such  things  and  expose  the  deception,  if  decep- 
tion there  was.  He  was  hardly  born  for  the 
purple:  his  eagerness  made  him  too  ready  to 
undo;  he  would  have  succeeded  better,  possibly, 
as  a  simple  clergyman.  Wisely  recognizing  that 
he  was  little  suited  for  a  bishop,  when  the  Six 
Articles  were  promulgated,  he  found  he  had 
travelled  too  far  on  the  road  of  reform  to  accept 
them,  and  resigned  his  See  without  regret.  Then 
his  sermons  became  almost  coarse  in  their 
strenuous  denunciation,  and  his  fiery  appeals 
possibly  overshot  the  mark.  Mary's  accession 
boded  him  no  good;  together  with  Ridley  and 
Cranmer  he  went  to  Oxford  to  defend  himself. 
The  day  of  execution  came:  he  embraced  Ridley 
and  spoke  of  the  candle  he  was  about  to  light, 
and  then,  infirm  and  bent  with  age,  met  his 
death  by  fire.  Latimer  was  one  who  lived  when 
strong  measures  were  needed — "  he  acknow- 
ledged the  Catholic  Church,"  he  said,  "  but  not 
the  Romish  part  of  it,"  and  he  appealed  to 
the  next  General  Council  in  support  of  his 
views.  For  him  the  old  state  of  things  seemed 
to  obscure  the  truth  and  to  cloud  the  beauty  of 
the  Christian  life;  he  longed  for  fresh  air  and 
light;  for  liberty  to  get  out  of  the  groove  in 
which  alone,  it  seemed  to  him,  the  Church  per- 
mitted her  members  to  walk.  His  line  was,  as 
he  said,  "  a  revolt  against  the  schoolmen  and 
such  tomfooleries";  and  so  he  struck  for  free- 
i8 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

dom.  Deeply  religious  and  a  great  worker,  of 
uncouth  appearance  and  homely  speech,  he 
contended  in  a  bold  and  intrepid  way,  like  a  pro- 
phet of  old,  for  the  right,  and  carried  through  with 
a  strong  hand  the  work  he  felt  constrained  to  do. 

Thomas  Bilney,  the  man  of  tender  heart  and      Thomas 
scrupulous   conscience,   who   died  at   the   stake,       Bilney 

J  J      .        .  T  ■    •.      u    11       T  -f     f       (<^   1495-1531) 

was  an  undergraduate  at  Trmity  Hall.     Life  for  ~  .  .     u  ,, 

him  was  no  bed  of  roses.  Stirred  to  his  soul's  ^  ^^^2 
depth  by  religious  fervour  in  early  manhood,  he 
came  under  the  teaching  of  Erasmus,  but  yet, 
while  he  accepted  additional  light,  clung  closely 
to  the  truths  he  learned  from  the  teaching  of 
the  Church.  He  abjured  his  Lutheran  convic- 
tions later  on,  then  doubted  whether  he  had 
done  right,  and  finally  was  burnt  at  Norwich  for 
heresy.  That  this  quiet-minded  man,  with  his 
refined  and  reasonable  desire  for  the  reform  of 
abuses,  should  have  met  with  a  hard  death  may 
well  sadden  us,  but  his  was  only  the  lot  of  many. 
He  was  intimate  with  Latimer  and  Parker,  and 
the  Latin  Bible  used  by  him  is  preserved  in  the 
library  of  Corpus  Christi  College. 

Erasmus,  who  was  born  at  Rotterdam,  was  for    Desiderius 
years    renowned    as    a    great    man    of    letters.      Erasmus 
Trained   at   Utrecht,    Deventer,   and   Gouda,   he    (1467-1536) 
was  destined  for  the  monastic  career :  but,  finding      ^^^^"^ 
the  life  uncongenial,  he  accepted  an  offer  which 
eventually  led  to  his  being  placed  at  the  great 
University   of   Paris.      He  liked   this  no  better, 
and    so    removed    to    Oxford,    where    he    knew 
Colet    and    Linacre,    and    subsequently    More, 
19 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Fisher,  Latimer,  and  Cranmer.  Then  he  returned 
to  Paris,  but  came  again  to  England  with  a 
great  literary  name.  He  published  the  "  Praise 
of  Folly,"  which,  according  to  Milton, 
was  in  the  hands  of  everyone  at  Cambridge,  and 
to  Cambridge  he  eventually  removed,  and  resided 
in  the  small  triangular  court  at  Queens'.  By 
Fisher's  help  he  became  Margaret  Professor, 
and  he  was  also  Professor  of  Greek.  Living  still 
constantly  abroad,  he  published  his  most  famous 
work,  "  Colloquia,"  which  was  a  series  of 
attacks  on  the  Monastic  Orders.  His  Greek 
Testament,  brought  out  about  the  year  1 5 1 6,  and 
probably  while  Tyndale  was  in  residence,  first 
led  the  way  to  a  critical  editing  of  the  New 
Testament.  Of  refined  thought  and  delicate 
mental  fibre,  he  did  much  for  the  Reformation, 
and  yet  a  true  Reformer  he  never  was.  The 
teaching  of  the  extreme  Protestant  school  raised 
his  contempt  just  as  much  as  did  the  obscur- 
antism of  the  schoolmen.  A  born  critic,  and 
of  scholarly  habit,  he  kept  conspicuously  aloof 
from  the  coarser  methods  of  controversy,  and 
yet,  by  his  scholarly  lucidity,  incited  others  on  to 
the  keenness  of  party  strife.  He  may  be  said  to 
have  given  a  new  tone  to  the  whole  of  theological 
learning  by  his  methods;  but  although  an  advo- 
cate of  reform,  his  nature  was  too  refi.ned  to  allow 
of  his  taking  up  an  extreme  line.  His  favourite 
walk  is  still  shewn  at  Queens'. 
20 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Miles    Coverdale,   widely   known   as   the   first        Miles 
translator  of  the  Bible  into  English,  after  being     Coverdale 
connected   with   the   house   of   the   Augustinian  '       ' 

Friars  in  the  University,  took  a  degree  in  law, 
in  1 53 1,  and  studied  philosophy  and  theology. 
Of  quiet,  studious  habits  and  upright  character, 
he  became  quite  an  important  person  in  England. 
As  life  went  on  he  leaned  more  than  at  first  to 
Protestant  views.  He  was  intimate  with  Cranmer, 
T.  Cromwell,  and  Grindal,  and  after  being  Bishop  of 
Exeter  for  two  years  was  deprived  by  Queen  Mary. 

Training  and  natural  bent  fitted  Sir  Thomas    sir  Thomas 

Wyatt  for  high  diplomatic  work.     Educated  at       Wyatt 

S.  John's,  he  did  good  service  for  the  State,  and  ^^- 1503-1542) 

to  some  extent  controlled  the  King.   He  had  been 

c.  1517. 
brought    into    contact    with   Anne   Boleyn,    and 

eventually,  as  did  many  in  those  days,  fell  undeir 

the  royal  frown  and  was  imprisoned.     Some  of 

his  poems  remain,  which  are  chiefly  in  the  form 

of  love  songs. 

We  shall  probably  never  know  the  full  extent  John  Leland 

of  the  loss  to  literature  which  resulted  from  the  (c.  1506-1552) 

enforced  scattering  of  the  monastic  libraries  in      Christ  s 
T^      1       ,        A     1-  •  .  ,        c.  1518. 

England.      A   few   precious   manuscripts    saved, 

here    and    there,    from    destruction,    give    sad 

evidence  of  the  way  in  which  much  good  material 

must  have  been  allowed  to  pass  away,  never  to 

be  regained.     Some  men  there  were  at  the  time 

who  saved  what  they  could:  one  of  them  was 

John    Leland,    who,    after    being    at    S.    Paul's 

School,  matriculated  at  Christ's.     Holding  later 

on    the    post    of    "  King's    Antiquary,"    together 

21 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


with  several  livings,  he  made  it  his  business  to 
gather  from  the  whole  of  England  all  the  infor- 
mation he  could  about  all  things.  He  was  a 
master  in  the  art  of  collecting  facts,  and  was 
helped  in  his  work  by  Cranmer.  His  great  work, 
"  Collectanea,"  is  now  in  the  Bodleian.  All  the 
noted  antiquarian  writers  since  his  time,  Stow, 
Camden,  Dugdale,  owe  much  to  the  care  and 
interest  with  which  he  did  his  work. 
Nicholas  Pembroke     provided    a    home    for     Ridley — 

Eidley        another   of   the   foremost    Reformers.      Born   of 

^^'        '       ^  good    family    at    Newcastle,    and    a    competent 
Pembroke      ^        ,         ,     ,  , 

1518        Creek  scholar  at  an  early  age,  he  graduated  as 

4th  Wrangler,  and  became  Fellow.  For  a  time 
he  travelled,  and  then  returned  to  Cambridge 
to  be  proctor,  Chaplain  of  the  University,  and 
Master  of  his  College.  Appointed  Vicar  of 
Soham,  and  then  raised  to  be  Bishop  of  Roches- 
ter, two  years  later  he  was  one  of  the  officials 
for  the  visitation  of  Cambridge,  and  read  a 
learned  judgment  advocating  the  Reformation. 
Consistently  in  favour  of  the  new  learning,  and 
the  friend  of  Cranmer  and  Peter  Martyr,  he 
avoided  extreme  statements,  and  aimed  at  being 
a  wise  and  instructed  Reformer.  He  was  en- 
gaged in  drawing  up  the  First  Book  of  Common 
Prayer,  and  was  one  of  the  commissioners 
for  depriving  Gardiner,  the  Bishop  of  Winchester, 
and  a  former  Master  of  Trinity  Hall,  and  also 
Bonner — whom  he  eventually  succeeded  in  the 
See  of  London.  In  all  his  ways  he  was  a 
gentleman ;  when  the  Evangelical  party  in  Cam- 

22 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

bridge  wanted,  a  few  years  ago,  a  worthy  name 
for  their  new  foundation,  they  called  it  Ridley 
Hall,  and  they  were  wise  in  their  choice.  The 
good  Bishop  played  the  gentleman's  part  in 
behaving  admirably  to  the  relatives  of  the  de- 
prived Bonner;  he  urged  the  incautious  Hooper 
to  greater  moderation;  he  helped  on  at  the 
same  time  the  two  Cambridge  men,  Bradford 
and  Rogers,  who  were  eventually  put  to  death; 
he  scolded  the  King's  courtiers  who  fattened  on 
the  spoils  of  monasteries;  and  his  defence  of  the 
poor  helped  largely  to  bring  about  the  founda- 
tion of  those  London  institutions  of  which  we 
are  proud  at  the  present  day,  the  Hospitals  of 
Christ,  S.  Thomas,  and  S.  Bartholomew.  He 
took  the  unwise  step  of  advocating  the  cause  of 
Lady  Jane  Grey,  and  in  consequence  found  him- 
self in  prison  and  Bonner  installed  in  his  See. 
He  was  at  this  time  drawing  closer  to  the 
reformed  position,  and  shortly  he  was  forced  to 
Oxford  along  with  Cranmer  and  Latimer.  Two 
Cambridge  "  heads,"  Glyn,  of  Queens',  and 
Watson,  of  S.  John's,  were  among  his  judges. 
Trial  after  trial  befell  him,  as  well  as  eighteen 
months  of  prison  life ;  then,  excommunicated  and 
degraded,  he  passed  to  the  stake.  His  Patristic 
knowledge,  his  able  scholarship,  and  the  modera- 
tion which,  as  a  refined  and  educated  churchman, 
he  displayed,  were  unavailing  to  gain  a  hearing 
for  him;  the  times  were  out  of  joint,  it  was  the 
day  of  brutal  measures,  party  spirit  ruled  in 
place  of  reason,  and  thus  the  end  came. 
23 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Jehn  Bedman       Redman,  the  relative  of  Tunstall,  was  Fellow 
(1499-1551)    of  S.  John's,  Public  Orator,  and  Margaret  Pro- 
S.  John's     fessor.      When    King's    Hall    was    dissolved    he 
c.  1521.      became   first   Master   of  Trinity:   he   is   remem- 
bered as   a  very  learned  and  moderate-minded 
man,  and  a  compiler  of  the  First  Order  of  Com- 
munion.    He  lies  buried  in  Westminster  Abbey. 
Bob«rt  Pember,  another  Fellow  of  S.  John's,  was  the 

Pember       man  who  taught  Ascham  Greek.     He  was  inti- 
<c.  1504-1560)  n^ate  with  all  the  great  Greek   scholars  of  his 

J°  ^^     day.      He    was    much    beloved    owing    to    his 
c.  1522. 

charming  disposition,  and  became  the  first  ap- 
pointed reader  in  Greek  at  Trinity  College. 
Matthew  Matthew  Parker,  a  lad  of  humble  birth,  who 

Parker  was  destined  to  play  an  important  part  as  Arch- 
(1504-1575)  bishop  of  Canterbury,  was  entered  at  Corpus. 
Corp.  Chr.     ^jj  j^jg  jj£g  j^^  j^^^  ^^^^  studious,  and  a  Fellow- 

1522. 

ship  came  to  him.    While  he  was  in  residence  he 

was    held    in   high    favour    as    a    preacher,    and 

gained    the    friendship    of    Wolsey,     Cranmer, 

Latimer,    and    Martin    Bucer.      For   some   years 

he  was  away  from  the  University,  at  Stoke  by 

Clare,   and    again   at   Ashdon,   and    Landbeach: 

he  then   returned  to  be  Master  and  Vice-Chan- 

cellor.      His   attachment  to  the   cause   of   Lady 

Jane  Grey  did  him  no  good,  and  he  ceased  to 

be  Master.     Elizabeth  and  Cecil  fixed  upon  him, 

against   his   will,   for   promotion   to   the   See   of 

Canterbury,    which   had   been   vacant   for    some 

time.     It  was  an  important  occasion:  the  former 

Roman  rite  of  consecration  was  not  used;   the 

new  rite  was,  however,  perfectly  valid  and  formal, 

24 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

and  every  detail  of  it  was  carried  out  with  great 
care  that  no  possibility  of  cavil  as  to  the  episcopal 
succession  being  duly  ensured  should  by  any 
chance  arise.  Barlow,  formerly  Bishop  of  Bath 
and  Wells;  Scory,  formerly  Bishop  of  Chiches- 
ter; Coverdale,  formerly  Bishop  of  Exeter;  and 
Hodgkins,  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Bedford,  were 
his  consecrators :  and  with  that  educated  en- 
lightenment which  characterised  him  through 
life,  Parker  himself  caused  an  account  of  the 
ceremony  to  be  drawn  up  in  Latin,  which  is  now 
of  great  historic  value,  and  is  preserved  in  the 
Lambeth  Register:  a  transcript  also  exists  in  the 
Library  of  Corpus  Christi.  His  enemies  were  not 
idle :  they  circulated  a  tale  known  as  the  "  Nag's 
Head  Fable,"  which  purports  to  relate  that  at 
the  Nag's  Head  inn,  in  Cheapside,  Parker  wag 
half  in  farce  and  half  in  pretence,  dubbed  a 
bishop  in  a  service,  if  such  it  could  be  called,  of 
the  greatest  irreverence  and  mockery.  The  story 
was  exposed  by  both  Archbishop  Bramhall  and 
Morton,  the  learned  Bishop  of  Durham,  and  is 
now  universally  discredited.  Parker  took  up 
the  line  of  the  other  great  Anglican  divines,  and 
steered  a  course  midway  between  Romanism 
and  Lutheranism,  avoiding  the  innovations  of 
the  extreme  Protestants,  while,  at  the  same  time, 
stoutly  affirming  that  at  the  Reformation  the 
Church  of  England  had  no  intention  to  depart 
from  Catholic  truth  and  order.  He  had  much  to 
do  with  the  39  Articles,  and  the  subsequent  Adver- 
tisements which  went  far  to  produce  decency  in 
25 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

public  worship.  His  academic  mind  made  him 
all  along  aim  at  restoration  in  its  truest  sense. 
Affairs  at  Cambridge  troubled  him;  Cartwright's 
Puritan  leanings  were  becoming  notorious,  and 
the  Primate  and  Cecil  had  to  intervene.  Parker 
upheld  the  use  of  the  surplice,  which  was  not 
liked  at  Trinity  and  S.  John's,  and  at  the  same 
time  stood  firm  against  the  action  of  John  Caius. 
A  conference  was  held  in  which  Whitgift,  Grindal, 
Sandys,  and  Parker  took  part,  and  the  Primate 
again  refused  any  further  concessions  to  the 
Protestant  party.  This  made  him  unpopular,  but 
he  went  serenely  on  his  way.  At  Cambridge  he 
advanced  the  cause  of  learning,  and  in  a 
thoroughly  practical  form,  for  many  important 
MSS.  were  saved  by  him  from  destruction,  and 
at  his  death  his  library  of  3,000  volumes,  much 
other  precious  matter,  and  many  valuable  auto- 
graphs passed  to  Corpus.  He  was  modest  and 
immensely  hospitable,  and  his  quiet  goodness 
gained  the  respect  of  the  greatest  in  the  land. 
After  his  death,  until  1648,  his  body  rested  in 
Lambeth  Chapel;  it  was  dug  up  by  the  Puritans 
and  buried  under  a  dunghill;  still  later  Arch- 
bishop Sancroft  restored  it  to  its  proper  place, 
where  it  now  rests.  Much  of  Parker's  plate 
passed  to  Cambridge,  and  several  portraits  of  the 
primate  exist.  It  was  owing  to  his  activity  and 
zeal  that  the  edition  of  the  Scriptures  in  English 
known  as  "  The  Bishops'  Bible  "  was  put  forth 
with  full  authority. 

26 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Nicholas     Bacon,     the    father    of    the    great  Sir  Nicholas 
philosopher,   was  at   Corpus,  and  it  was  by  his        Bacon 
endeavour  that  the  original  Chapel  of  the  Col-    (1509-1579) 
lege  was  built.     Possessed  of  the  friendship  of        ^_ 
Burghley,  Parker,  and  Cranmer,  and  a  staunch 
defender  of  the  new  learning,  he  proved  of  great 
value  to  Henry,  and  also  aided  Elizabeth  in  her 
endeavours   to   establish   the   Church  on  a   firm 
and  lasting  basis.     A  strong  man  and  a  good 
lawyer,    he   rose   to   be    Lord   Keeper,    and   his 
policy  was  well  suited  for  the  times  in  which  he 
lived.     The  Queen  visited  him  at  Gorhambury, 
and  after  she  had  entered  his  house  he  caused 
the  doorway  to  be  nailed  up,  that  none  of  lower 
rank  might  use  it.    On  the  mansion  was  inscribed 
the  verse,  in  memory  of  his  knighthood — 

Haec  cum  perfecit  Nicholaus  tecta  Baconus, 

Elizabeth  regni  lustra  fuere  duo: 
Factus  eques,  magni  custos  fuit  ipse  sigilli. 

Gloria  sit  soli  tota  tributa  Deo. 

John  Rogers,  the  first  of  the  Marian  martyrs,  John  Rogers 
was  educated  at  Pembroke.    Early  in  his  career  (^  1500-1555) 
he  was  impressed  by  Tyndale's  translation  of  the     P^'^broke 
Scriptures,    and    after    the    latter's    death,    by      ^" 
burning,    Rogers   took    up   the    unfinished   task, 
using  Tyndale's  MSS.   where  possible,  and  also 
the  translation  originally  brought  out  by  Cover- 
dale.     He  was  himself  rather  an  annotator  than 
a  translator,  and  used,  for  publication  purposes, 
the   name  of   Matthew:  thus  bringing  out  what 
may  be  called  the  Second  English  Bible.     He 
27 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

held  the  friendship  of  Cheke,  Hooper,  and  Brad- 
ford: and,  though  he  disliked  the  questionable 
doings  of  Edward  VI.,  he  yet  adhered  to  the 
new  learning.  He  was  eventually  tried  before 
Gardiner  in  Mary's  reign,  and  burnt  at  Smith- 
field. 
Bichard  Taverner,  the  writer  in  favour  of  the   Refor- 

Taverner      mation,   and  the   compiler  of  an  edition  of  the 
(c.  1505-1575)  English   Bible,   which   was   really   a   revision   of 
^'    ^'    Matthew's,  was  at  Benet  (Corpus),  and  later  at 
Gonville    Hall.      He   was   originally   an    Oxford 
man.     Several  commentaries  and  other  writings 
came  from  his  pen. 
Sir  John  It  was  Cheke  who,  in  company  with  his  pupil, 

Cheke        Ascham,  and  with  Smith,  revived  the  study  of 

Greek  in  the  University  after  the  departure  of 
S.  John's  ^ 

-^26        Erasmus.     Born  somewhere  in  Petty  Cury,  his 

King's  1548.  father  being  one  of  the  esquire  bedells,  he  was 
elected  to  a  Fellowship  at  S.  John's,  and  was 
tutor  to  Burghley,  who  married  his  sister.  His 
lectures  as  first  Regius  Professor  of  Greek  at 
Cambridge  were  greatly  valued,  and  later  on  he 
was  Public  Orator  and  Provost  of  King's,  and 
also  tutor  to  Edward  and  to  Elizabeth.  In  com- 
pany with  Smith  he  favoured  the  new  pronunci- 
ation of  Greek,  which  was  somewhat  different  from 
that  in  use  on  the  Continent,  and  was  rebuked  by 
Gardiner,  the  Chancellor.  On  Mary's  accession 
he  went  abroad,  but  was  seized  and  flung  in  the 
Tower;  then,  through  trouble  and  anxiety,  he 
abjured  his  reformed  opinions,  an  act  which 
caused   him   keen   remorse   and   brought   about 

28 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

his  death.     He  was  one  of  the  most  influential 

men    of    the    time,    and    accepted    as    a    great 

scholar. 

In  the  same  year  Smith  came  to  Queens',  and    Sir  Thomas 

was    the    intimate    friend    of    Cheke.      Born    at        Smith 

Saffron    Walden,    he   proved   himself   a   worthy  ^         .  ,  .i^ 
'^  '  Queens   1526 

scholar,     and    did    much    for    the    University. 

Fellow  of  his  College  and  Public  Orator,  he 
joined  in  advocating  the  new  pronunciation  of 
Greek.  Later  on  he  was  appointed  Professor 
of  Civil  Law,  and  was  very  popular.  In 
Edward's  reign  he  became  Secretary  of  State, 
and  also  held  this  post  under  Elizabeth;  and 
although  in  Mary's  reign  threatening  clouds 
gathered,  he  was  permitted  to  go  unmolested. 
He  is  remembered  as  one  of  the  most  learned 
members  of  Queens',  and  as  one  who  by  his 
capacity  for  finance  did  good  service  to  Cambridge. 

When  Gonville  Hall  admitted  John  Caius  to    John  Caius 
partake  In  its  life,  the  College  accepted  one  who  (c«  1510-1573) 
was   to   prove   famous   as   a  physician,  and   was  Gonville  Hall 

1529 
eventually  to  share  with  Gonville  the  honour  of 

being  joint  founder.  After  becoming  Fellow, 
Caius  travelled  for  a  time,  and  studied  medicine. 
He  then  upheld  the  method  of  pronouncing 
Greek  which  Cheke  had  advocated,  and  lectured 
on  anatomy,  and  was  for  many  years  elected 
President  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians. 
His  reputation  must  have  been  great,  for  Edward, 
Mary,  and  Elizabeth  all  consulted  him  medically. 
After  being  given  permission  to  turn  Gonville 
Hall  into  a  College,  he  became  its  Master,  and 
29 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


built  the  well-known  Gates  of  Humility,  Virtue, 
and  Honour.  He  was  suspected  of  being  a 
Roman  Catholic,  and  this  fact  caused  trouble; 
the  Fellows  and  he  were  on  the  worst  of  terms, 
so  much  so  that  Parker  and  Burghley  had 
to  interfere.  Information  was  given  that  the 
Master  possessed  some  Popish  vestments;  an 
enquiry  was  instituted,  and  thiC  unpopular  gar- 
ments were  duly  burnt  in  the  College  Court. 
Continued  trouble  brought  about  the  Master's 
death.  He  was  buried  in  the  Chapel:  the  inscrip- 
tion on  the  tomb  is  ^  marvel  of  good  taste, 
"  Vivit  post  funera  virtus  Fui  Caius."  Much 
of  his  medical  writing  was  of  distinct  value,  his 
treatise  "  On  the  sweating  sickness  "  being  much 
thought  of. 

Ascham,  the  man  of  gentle  nature,  full  of 
originality  and  strength  both  in  scholarship  and 
in  social  life,  did  much  to  give  a  great  name 
to  S.  John's.  He  was  the  author  of  a  treatise 
on  archery  known  as  "  Toxophilus,"  which  was 
written  in  excellent  English,  and  of  the  well- 
known  work,  "  The  Scholemaster,"  which  dealt 
with  education.  He  was  Fellow  of  his  College 
and  Public  Orator.  Ascham's  learning  was 
highly  valued  by  Henry,  Edward,  Mary,  Ehza- 
beth  and  Cardinal  Pole.  His  reputation  was 
great,  and  among  his  friends  were  Gardiner, 
Ridley,  Redman  and  Grindal. 

Ponet,  who  was  Smith's  pupil  at  Queens',  and 
(c.  1514-1556)  the  friend  of  Cheke  and  Ascham,  became  Fellow, 
Queens       ^n^j   vvas   also   Chaplain   to   Cranmer.      He   was 

30 


Boger 

Ascham 

(1515-1568) 

S.  John's 

1530. 


John  Ponet 


1530. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

known  as  a  good  preacher,  and  eventually  was 

Bishop,   first  of   Rochester,  then  of  Winchester. 

Of  the  latter  See  he  was  deprived  by  Mary. 

The  Reforming  party  did  not  have  things  all       Thomas 

their  own  way  at  Cambridge.     If  Caius  inclined      Watson 

to  favour  the  Roman  Church,  Watson  also  upheld  ,    . 

S.  John  s 
it    with    all    his    power.      Fellow    and    Dean    of      ^  ^^30 

S.  John's,  he  joined  with  that  body  of  men, 
Ascham,  Cheke  and  Redman,  to  whom  Greek 
learning  owes  so  much.  A  play  called  "  Abso- 
lom,"  from  Watson's  pen,  was  praised  by 
Ascham.  He  received  a  congenial  appointment 
from  Gardiner,  who  made  him  his  chaplain.  As 
Chancellor  of  the  University  Gardiner  set  him 
to  hold  an  enquiry  as  to  the  religious  state  of 
the  Colleges.  Watson  became  Master  of  S. 
John's,  and  entered  into  the  well-known  disputa- 
tion with  Cranmer,  Latimer  and  Ridley  at 
Oxford,  besides  proceeding  against  Rogers. 
Shortly  after,  as  Bishop  of  Lincoln,  he  was  for 
a  time  imprisoned  by  Elizabeth,  but  continued 
throughout  his  life  the  strong  and  capable  foe  of 
the  Reformation. 

Cecil    Rhodes    once    said,    in    a    memorable    sir  Thomas 
document,  that  modern  University  officials  were      Gresham 
"babes  in  finance."     However  true  this  may  be,  (c- 1519-1579) 
the   University  produced  a  most   capable  finan- 
cier   in    the    person    of    Gresham,    who    was    at 
Gonville  and  Caius,  and  knew  Dr.  John  Caius, 
and  was  connected  by  marriage  with  the  Bacons. 
He  was  the  son  of  a  London  merchant,  and  in 
touch  all  through  his  career  with  the  mercantile 
31 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

life  of  the  City.  Gresham  made  himself  useful  in 
raising  money  for  Henry  VIII. :  and,  owing  to  his 
frequent  residence  at  Antwerp,  was  in  a  position 
to  give  his  Royal  master  information  of  value 
with  regard  to  foreign  policy.  Gardiner  looked 
coldly  on  his  Protestant  views,  and  Mary  disliked 
him,  but  under  Elizabeth  and  Burghley  he  was 
largely  consulted  in  financial  matters.  Admiring 
the  arrangements  at  Antwerp,  his  aim  was  to 
give  to  London  similar  buildings,  and  owing 
to  his  activity  in  the  matter  the  Royal  Ex- 
change was  opened  by  Elizabeth  in  great  state. 
Stories  tell  how,  when  the  Queen  visited  him 
at  Osterley,  and  remarked;  on  the  need  of  a 
wall  in  a  certain  spot,  Gresham  had  it  supplied 
the  same  night.  His  broadly  planned  scheme 
for  the  foundation  of  Gresham  College  gave 
evidence  of  his  respect  for  learning.  Cam- 
bridge, however,  took  alarm,  Burghley  inter- 
vened, and  only  the  well-known  lectures  and  pro- 
fessorships remain  as  part  of  what  might  have 
been  a  London  University.  Gresham's  name 
is  known  to  every  Londoner.  Some  have 
questioned  his  honesty  of  method,  but  none  his 
capacity,  and  all  regard  his  tomb  at  S.  Helen's, 
Bishopsgate,  as  a  fitting  memorial  to  a  great  citizen. 
Edmund  Pembroke  gave  a  home  to  Grindal,  who  had, 

Grindal       for    a    short    while,    been    at    Magdalene    and 
(c.  1519-1583)  Christ's :    he   became   Fellow   and    Proctor,    and 
Pern  ro  e    ^^^^^^  ^^  ^^^  Protestant  side  before  Edward's 
Commissioners.       On  Mary's  accession  he  went 
abroad,  came  in  contact  with  Peter  Martyr,  and 
32 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

returned  to  be  Master  of  Pembroke,  though  he 
did  httle  for  the  College.  Before  long  he  became 
Bishop  of  London,  but  was  far  from  being  the 
right  man  for  the  post:  he  had  doubts  as  to  the 
wearing  of  vestments,  and  the  Diocese,  full  as 
it  was  of  Puritan  clergy,  needed  a  strong  hand 
to  rule  after  the  unsettlement  of  recent  years. 
Old  S.  Paul's  was  burnt  during  his  tenure  of 
the  See,  and  he  had  to  amass  funds  for  the 
building  of  the  new  Cathedral.  Partly  owing 
to  his  failure  as  Bishop  of  London  he  was 
removed  to  York,  and  Burghley  later  placed 
him  at  Canterbury.  His  lack  of  strength  of 
character  was  evident  there  also,  and  Elizabeth, 
who  wanted  order  and  decency  to  prevail,  let 
her  dissatisfaction  be  known.  In  feeble  health, 
with  a  growing  trouble  of  blindness,  the  Arch- 
bishop was  no  match  for  the  difficulties  of  those 
unsettled  times,  and  he  died  as  he  was  about 
to  resign.  A  learned  man,  and  full  of  great  personal 
charm,  he  was  the  friend  of  Ridley  and  Whitgift, 
and  left  to  his   College    both   plate   and  money. 

Edwin    Sandys,    who    became    Archbishop    of  u^win  Sandyt 
York,   was  at   S.  John's.     He  was  Proctor,  and  (c.  1516-1588) 
later,   Master  of   S.  Catharine's,  and  Vice-Chan-     S.  John's 
cellor,  and  the  friend  of  Bucer  and  also  of  Peter      ^'  ^^^^ 
Martyr.      Mary,    on   her   advent   to   the   throne, 
removed  him  from  the  Mastership  owing  to  his 
advocacy  of  the  cause  of  Lady  Jane  Grey,  and 
for  a  time  he  was  in  prison  along  with  Bradford 
in  the  Tower.     Elizabeth  made  him  Bishop  of 
Worcester,     and     shortly    after    he     succeeded 
33 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Grindal  at  London,  and  subsequently  at  York. 

He  was  learned  and  able  in  many  ways,  and  yet 

cannot  be  called  a  great  bishop:  at  a  time  when 

tact  was  essential  he  set  the  Romanists  against 

him,  and  let  his  bias  towards  Puritanism  be  too 

much  in  evidence. 

William  Cecil      Great  ministers  gather  round  great  rulers.     If 

lord        Elizabeth  was  strong  and  capable,  so  also  was 
Burghley 
/.  -  -        .    Burghley,  who  ably  helped  forward  all  her  en- 

S.  John's  deavours.  Coming  to  S.  John's,  he  later 
1535.  married  Cheke's  sister,  and,  after  studying  law, 
entered  into  political  life.  His  efforts  were 
directed  towards  the  discovery  of  openings  for 
English  trade,  and  the  settlement  of  the  throne 
upon  a  firm  and  enduring  basis.  Gifted  with 
strong  family  affection,  and  appreciation  of  his 
high  position,  while  combining  caution  with  far- 
reaching  endeavour,  he  worked  with  all  possible 
energy  for  the  end  he  had  in  view.  Realising  the 
promise  of  the  times,  Burghley  buckled  on  his 
armour  for  the  g^eat  task  which  fate  had  put  in 
his  hands,  and  aimed  at  the  advancement  of  his 
country,  carrying  with  him  in  all  his  endeavours 
the  good  will  of  the  Queen,  who  was  wise  enough 
to  see  that  her  great  name  was  being  made  even 
greater  by  his  shrewd  sagacity.  Retaining  to  the 
last  a  sincere  affection  for  Cambridge  and  for 
S.  John's,  he  is  regarded  by  the  University  as  one 
whose  powerful  influence  largely  advanced  her 
cause. 

34 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Perne,  who  was  Fellow  of  S.  John's,  and  then      Andrew 

of    Queens',    Proctor,    several   times    Vice-Chan-       P*™* 

cello r,    and    for    years    the    renowned    head    of     "    ,  , 

S. John  s 
Peterhouse,  was  one  of  those  men  who,  together      ^  ^^^^ 

with  great  ability,  possessed  a  marvellous  elas-  Peterhouse 
ticity  of  religious  view.  Edward  made  him  his  1554. 
Chaplain:  he  assented  to  Mary's  ways,  and  was 
able  to  protect  Whitgift  when  Pole  was  dis- 
pleased with  him;  he  preached  when  the  bodies 
of  Fagius  and  Bucer  were  exhumed  and  publicly 
burnt;  he  also  assented  when  their  names  were 
restored  to  honour  by  decree  of  the  Senate,  and 
later  he  was  in  favour  with  Elizabeth,  who 
thought  him,  as  well  she  might,  of  wavering 
tendency.  He  became  Dean  of  Ely,  and  built 
the  library  of  Peterhouse,  to  which  College  he 
also  left  his  books. 

Those  who  have  owed  their  spiritual  and  moral    Sir  Walter 
well-being  to  the  University  have  often  given  of      Mildmay 

their  worldly  substance  in  due  course  to  found  ^^'  ^^20-1589) 
^    „  \  .  ,     „  .  Chr.  c.  1540. 

a  College.     It  was  so  with  Bateman;    it  was  so 

with  Alcock;  it  was  so  with  Mildmay,  who 
founded  Emmanuel.  We  may  remember  also 
recently  the  foundation  of  the  Rhodes  Scholar- 
ships in  the  sister  University.  Mildmay  had 
been  at  Christ's,  though  he  took  no  degree. 
Passing  into  the  favour  of  Edward  and  Elizabeth 
as  a  competent  financier,  he  became  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer.  Determining  to  found  a  Col- 
lege at  Cambridge,  he  purchased  the  site  of  the 
Black  Friars,  or  Dominican  monks,  in  S.  An- 
drew's Street,  and  the  buildings  were  opened  as 
35 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Emmanuel  College  with  great  ceremony.  Eliza- 
beth suspected  Puritanism,  and  Mildmay  replied 
in  the  well-known  sentence,  "  I  have  set  an 
acorn,  which,  when  it  becomes  an  oak,  God  alone 
knows  what  will  be  the  fruit  thereof."  The 
founder  lies  buried  at  S.  Bartholomew's,  Smith- 
field,  and  several  portraits  of  him  are  to  be  seen 
at  the  College. 
John  Dee  S.  John's  was  the  home  of  Dee,  who  indulged 
(1527-1608)  in  studies  that  were  popularly  supposed  to  be 
J°  ^^  magical.  He  had  an  aptitude  for  hard  work, 
allowing  himself  remarkably  little  rest  and 
recreation,  and  became  one  of  the  original 
Fellows  of  Trinity.  Dee's  reputation  as  a  Greek 
scholar  and  most  capable  mathematician  followed 
him  to  foreign  Universities,  where,  owing  to  his 
eccentricities,  he  was  not  always  a  welcome 
visitor.  Cheke  introduced  him  to  Edward. 
Mary  was  strongly  suspicious  of  his  possessing 
an  evil  influence  over  her,  while  Elizabeth  made 
him  Prebendary  of  S.  Paul's,  and  consulted  him 
with  reference  to  astronomical  facts.  He  pro- 
phesied a  favourable  day  for  her  coronation,  and 
she  once  went  to  see  his  magic  glass.  Later 
in  life  he  apparently  fell  into  the  hands  of  an 
impostor  named  Kelly,  and  was  persuaded  to 
proclaim  the  fact  that  an  elixir  which  he  had 
discovered  would  turn  iron  into  gold.  By  his 
crystal-gazing,  secrets  were  supposed  to  be 
revealed,  and  it  was  commonly  reputed  that  he 
held  intercourse  with  the  spirit  world.  The 
reform  of  the  Julian  calendar  was  entrusted  to 
36 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


him,  but  conservative  opposition  caused  this  to 

fall  through.     Several  of  his  works  were  printed; 

some  exist  in  MS.  at  Cambridge,  and  some  are 

at  the  British  Museum,  where  may  also  be  seen 

Dee's  crystal  globe  and  his  consecrated  cakes  of 

wax.      His   career   was   a   curious   one,   and   his 

reputation  as  an  astrologer  was  great. 

He  who  excels  in  theory  often  fails  in  practice;       Thomas 

this  was  true  of  Tusser,  the  Essex  man,  known       Tusser 

as  the  British  Varro,  who  could  write  good  poetry  ^^- 1524-1580) 

on  agriculture,  and  yet  was  a  most  indifferent    ^^  ^ 

^  -^  Trin.  Hall 

farmer.    Startmg  as  a  chorister  at  S.  Paul's,*  he        ^^^^ 

was  at  King's  and  Trinity  Hall.  His  book,  "  A 
hundred  good  points  of  husbandry,"  was  a 
strange  work,  not  great,  but  valuable  in  its 
notice  of  old  customs.  Scott  and  Southey  ad- 
mired it,  and  some  of  his  sayings  are  still 
remembered;  but  it  brought  him  little  gain,  and 
his  business  life  was  a  failure. 

John  Bradford,  the  man  of  saintly  life,  who  John  Bradford 
met  his  death  by  burning,  started  his  Cambridge  (c- 1510-1555) 

course  at  S.  Catharine's.     Beloved  by  all,  and  of     ^"  ^*'^" 

1548 
strict  ascetic  life,  he  passed  his  time  in  prayer  ^     .    ,^^^ 
^  ^     ^        Pemb.  1549. 

and  study.     Pembroke  gave  him  a   Fellowship. 

In   due   course  he  became  a  preacher  of  note, 

and  had  Whitgift  as  his  pupil.     In  Mary's  day 

he  was  arrested  and  imprisoned  with  Cranmer, 

Latimer,   and   Ridley — even   among   these   other 

prisoners    his    evident    saintliness    shone    forth 

Bonner  and  Gardiner  tried  him  for  heresy,  and 

after    various    disputations    this    man    of    gentle 

*  McDonnell's  "  History  of  S.  Paul's  School,"  p.  29. 

37 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

nature   and   sweet   simplicity   met   his   death   at 
Smithfield,  quoting  with  his  last  breath  "  Straight 
is  the  way  and  narrow  the  gate  that  leadeth  to 
salvation,  and  few  there  bie  that  find  it."     The 
well-known  saying  came  from  him,  as  he  saw  a 
criminal  going  to  execution,  "  But  for  the  grace 
of  God  there  goes  John  Bradford."    His  portrait 
is  in  Pembroke  Hall. 
Sir  Fraftcis        There  are  times  in  every  nation's  history  which 
Walsingham  require  strong  yet  delicate  handling.     Elizabeth 
(c.  1530-1590)  reigned  at  a  difficult  time  in  England,  but  the 
'"^  ^        ■  strong  men  to  help  were  at  hand.   Burghley  soon 
noticed  the  sterling  character  of  Francis  Walsing- 
ham, who  was  at  King's,  but  took  no  degree. 
Of  marked  ability,  he  saw  the  diplomatic  moves 
needed,   and   took   them  unflinchingly.     By  his 
watchfulness    the    plotting   of    Mary,    Queen   of 
Scots,  and  of  many  others  was  brought  to  light. 
He  worked  for  the  public  good  unselfishly  and 
well,     and     was     valued     accordingly     by     his 
Sovereign. 
Martin  Bucer      Martin  Bucer,  though  not  a  Cambridge  man, 
(1491-1551)    held,    by    Cranmer's   wish,   the   post   of   Regius 

at  Camb.     Professor  of  Divinity  in  the  University,  just  as 

1549 

Peter  Martyr,  also  by  Cranmer's  desire,  held  the 

similar  post  at  Oxford.     The  influence  exerted 

by  Bucer,  learned  as  hie  was,  on  the  changes  then 

being  wrought  in  the  English  Book  of  Common 

Prayer,  appears  to  have  been  small.    During  his 

last  illness  he  was  attended  by  Bradford,  and  at 

his  funeral  in  Great  S.  Mary's  Parker  preached 

the  sermon. 

38 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Cartwright,  who  was  virtually  the  founder  of  Thomas 
the  Puritan  party  in  England,  had  been  trained  Cartwright 
at  S.  John's.  He  was  made  Fellow  first  of  ^^  John's 
S.  John's  College,  and  then  of  Trinity,  and  his  ^^^q 
learning  was  widely  known.  He  had  consider- 
able pulpit  eloquence,  and  his  ardent  advocacy 
of  the  views  he  held  stirred  up  the  members  of 
both  these  Colleges  to  make  their  protest  against 
the  use  of  the  surplice.  Cartwright  incurred  the 
censure  of  Cecil,  and  fled  for  a  while.  On  his 
return  he  became  Margaret  Professor,  and  was 
more  insistent  than  ever  on  Puritan  teaching. 
That  he  should  retain  this  chair,  and  at  the  same 
time  use  all  his  influence  to  undo  the  Church 
whose  principles  he  was  supposed  to  uphold, 
was  manifestly  wrong;  he  stopped  at  no  half 
measures,  everything  that  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land held  dear  was  scoffed  at  by  him  and  his 
party.  S.  Mary's  became  crammed  on  Sunday 
to  hear  what  the  stalwart  Puritan  would  say. 
Whitgift,  who  had  been  Margaret  Professor  and 
was  at  that  time  Vice-Chancellor  of  the  Uni- 
versity, saw  that  things  were  going  too  far,  and 
tried  to  stem  the  Puritan  tide.  Chaderton,  Pre- 
sident of  Queens'  College,  and  Grindal,  joined  in 
the  endeavour  to  promote  peace,  and  Cartwright 
was  eventually  suspended  from  his  Professorship 
and  deprived  of  his  Fellowship.  The  authori- 
ties had  triumphed  over  the  Puritan  party,  and 
Cartwright's  day  was  past.  Whatever  his  faults, 
he  was  a  man  of  signal  ability,  who  proved  a 
strong  antagonist  to  all  who  tried  to  cope  with  him. 
39 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

JohnWhitgift      John  Whitgift  was  at  Pembroke  while  Ridley 
(1530-1604)   ^as  Master,  and  John  Bradford  was  one  of  the 

_*"*  •  resident  Fellows.     He  later   accepted  the  Mar- 

Trinity  1567 

garet  Professorship,   and  became   Master  of  his 

College.     After  holding  these  posts  for  a  time, 

he   was    made    Master    of   Trinity   and    Regius 

Professor    of    Divinity.      In   his    early    days    his 

views  seemed  to  incline  to  Calvinism,  and  to  some 

extent  he  was  associated  with  Cartwright,  but 

as  his  thoughts  matured  he  saw  that  the  only 

hope  for  the  Church  of  England  lay  in  vigorous 

maintenance  of  authority,  and  he  became  one 

of  Cartwright's  foremost  opponents.     As  Bishop 

of   Worcester   the   same   firmness   characterised 

him:  he  lived  in  considerable  state,  won  over  the 

leading  churchmen  of  his  Diocese  to  his  side, 

and  ruled  with  an  iron  hand.     As  Archbishop 

of  Canterbury,  he  refused  to  deviate  from  the 

line  he  had  taken  up.    Puritans  and  Papists  alike 

found  he  was  a  force  to  be  reckoned  with,  and 

John  Penry   as  "  Martin  Marprelate "  attacked 

bim    with     considerable     bitterness.       Whitgift 

considered  the  great  need  for  the  Church  was 

uniformity,    and    uniformity    he    determined    to 

have.     His  unflinching  attitude  gained  him  many 

enemies,    but    he    believed    in    governing,    and 

achieved  his  aim.     His  learning  was  great,  and 

his  "  Answer "  to   Cartwright's  attack  was  very 

able.     If  in  some  quarters  he  has  been  regarded 

as  a  persecutor,  it  must  be  remembered  he  lived 

at  a  time  when  danger  of  all  kinds  threatened. 

The  Armada  came  in  his  day,  and  he  arranged  the 

40 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

thanksgiving  on  its  overthrow.  Drake,  Frobisher, 
Raleigh,  Hawkins,  and  Shakespeare  were  his  con- 
temporaries, and  Hooker  was  his  trusted  counsellor. 

Chaderton,    who    matriculated    at    Pembroke,      William', 
was,    later    on.     Fellow    of  Christ's,   and  early    Chaderton 

J      u  .•  r    7-1-      u     u        tT       u  (c.  1540-1608) 

attracted  the  notice  of  Elizabeth.     He  became  ^     ,    ,^,,, 

Pemb.  1553) 
President   of   Queens',   and   succeeded   Whitgift  Queens'  1568 

in  the    Margaret   chair   as  also  in   the   post   of 

Regius  Professor  of  Divinity.     It  fell  to  his  lot 

to   see   Cartwright,   as  occupant  of  the  post  he 

himself  had  vacated,  attack  every  form  of  Church 

government,    and,     relying     on      Cecil's     help, 

he  gave  all  the  support  he  could  to  Whitgift, 

who  was  working  hard  to  procure  Cartwright's 

deprivation.     He  became  shortly  after  Bishop  of 

Chester,  and  then  of  Lincoln.    He  had  the  same 

aims  as  Andrewes,  and  the  friendship  between 

the  two  men,  especially  in  the  matter  of  religious 

study,  was  very  strong. 


Bancroft  who,  in  succession  to  Whitgift,  be- 
came Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  was  at  Christ's, 
and  afterwards  undertook  the  Tutorship  at  Jesus. 
Appointed  one  of  the  twelve  Preachers  of  the 
University,  he  strenuously  opposed  Puritanism, 
and  soon  passed  to  be  Bishop  of  London.  His 
temper  was  at  times  hasty,  but  for  all  that  he 
was  the  right  man  for  the  times.  His  aim  was 
to  bind  together  the  discordant  elements  in  the 
Church,  and  to  make  a  stand  for  all  that  bore 
the  mark  of  well-grounded  tradition. 
41 


Richard 
Bancroft 
(1544-1610) 
Christ's 
c.  1562. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Laurence  Laurence  Chaderton,  the  tutor  of  Christ's,  had 
Chaderton     strong  but  controlled  Puritan  leanings,  and  was 

(c.  1536-1640)  ggie^^te^j  by  Sir  Walter  Mildmay  as  first  Master 

Christ's  1564  ' 

Emm  1584.  ^^  ^^^  newly-founded  College  of  Emmanuel.  He 
was  for  fifty  years  afternoon  lecturer  at  S. 
Clement's.  Cartwright  and  Whitaker  were 
among  his  friends,  and  Bancroft,  though  not 
agreeing  with  him,  respected  him.  He  lived  to 
the  age  of  103,  and  lies  buried  at  the  entrance 
of  the  Chapel  of  his  College. 

Thomas  The  buildings  of  Trinity  are  a  joy  to  all  who 

Nevile       admire    architecture,    and    Nevile,   the    Master 

(c.  1548-1615)  who    built    the    great    court    and    also    what    is 

Pembro  e    j^jjq^j^  ^g   Nevile's  court,   has  earned  our  grati- 
c    1564 

^^    J   ,co/>  tude  for  all  time.     He  was  Fellow  of  Pembroke 
Magd.  1582 

Trin.  1592.  '^"^  Proctor,  and  for  a  time  Master  of  Magdalene, 
and  afterwards  Dean  of  Canterbury.  It  fell  to  him 
to  entertain  James  L  on  his  visit  to  the  University. 
His  motto,  aptly  chosen,  was  "  ne  vile  velis." 

William  William    Whitaker,    the    friend    of    Laurence 

Whitaker  Chaderton,  and  the  Puritan  divine  who  gained 
(1548-1595)  the  appreciation  of  Bellarmine  as  an  able 
Tnn.  1564.  antagonist,  was  a  Fellow  of  Trinity,  subse- 
quently Regius  Professor,  and  a  great  Master 
of  S.  John's. 


S.  John's 
1586. 


Stephen  Perse      P^rse,    the    prosperous    physician    who    made 

(1548-1615)   money   by   his   profession,   and   did  great   good 

Gon.  &  Caius  with    it    by   founding   in    the    town    the    School 

1565.        named  after  him,  was  a  Fellow  of  Gonville  and 

Caius.     He  lies  buried  in  the  College  Chapel. 

42 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

In  the   same  year  William   Morgan   came   to      William 
S.  John's,  and  gained  the  help  of  Whitgift.     He      Morgan 
became  Bishop  of  Llandaff,  and  later  of  S.  Asaph,  (^1540-1604) 
and  is  known  as  the  divine  who  translated  the       "    ^^ 

1565. 

Bible  into  Welsh. 

The  University  was  at  this  time  educating  men  sir  Edward 
whose  lives  were  to  be  closely  interwoven  in  the  Coke 
great  affairs  of  State.  Cecil,  the  future  Lord  (1552-1634) 
Burghley,  Coke,  the  greatest  of  lawyers.  Bacon,  ^^^^  ^ 
the  deepest  of  thinkers,  Essex,  the  favourite  of 
Elizabeth,  and  Cecil,  Earl  of  Salisbury.  Coke, 
who  had  been  the  pupil  of  Whitgift  at  Trinity, 
and  the  friend  of  Nevile,  rose  to  be  Solicitor- 
General,  Attorney-General,  and  afterwards  Chief 
Justice.  Terrible  as  a  pleader,  able  to  wound 
by  his  satire  and  violent  language,  he  proved  an 
opponent  before  whom  men  trembled.  Essex, 
Southampton,  and  Raleigh,  and  the  Gunpowder 
Conspirators,  found  this  to  their  cost — and  yet 
he  fought  for  the  right.  In  an  age  when  venality 
was  common,  in  a  reign  when  high  ideals  were 
hardly  in  fashion.  Coke  held  his  own,  declaimed 
against  meanness  of  heart  and  lack  of  rectitude, 
and  became  a  power  in  the  land.  The  rivalry 
between  him  and  Bacon  continued  through  life, 
and  though  for  a  time  Coke  was  under  dis- 
pleasure, he  rose  again,  and  was  one  who  greatly 
assisted  in  bringing  about  Bacon's  fall.  His 
legal  writings  were  considered  of  great  value. 

Spenser,  the  author  of  "  Faerie  Queene,"  and      Edmund 

one  of  the  brilliant  band  of  Elizabethan  poets,      Ipenier 

is  among  the  most  honoured  sons  of  Pembroke.  (^*  1552-1599) 

Pemb.  1569. 
43 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  and  like 
Chaucer  and  Milton,  a  Londoner  born,  revelling 
in  Cambridge  life,  and  in  the  friendship  of  An- 
drewes,  he  read  Latin  and  Greek,  and  also 
French  and  German,  but  took  no  high  degree. 
The  "  Shepheard's  Calender"  was  one  of  his 
first  publications,  and  speedily  brought  him  into 
notice.  A  post  in  Ireland  attracted  him,  but  he 
never  cared  for  the  Irish  people,  and  left  after 
a  few  years.  Then  came  three  books  of  the 
"  Faerie  Queene,"  and  after  some  time  the  re- 
maining parts  were  published.  For  most,  this 
work  has  a  great  attraction ;  all  that  is  pure  and 
refined  is  vigorously  upheld,  and  the  evil  in  life 
exposed  and  dethroned.  It  had  a  fascination  for 
people  then,  and  at  the  present  day  it  continues 
to  be  both  admired  and  treasured.  Spenser  re- 
turned to  Ireland  only  to  grieve  and  fret  and  to 
be  ruined  by  Tyrone's  rebellion:  his  castle  was 
burnt  over  his  head,  and  he  went  back  to  Eng- 
land, broken  in  spirit.  Jonson  relates  that  he 
died  in  Westminster  "  for  lack  of  bread."  He 
was,  however,  given  a  grand  funeral — Beaumont, 
Fletcher,  Jonson,  and,  very  jwssibly,  Shake- 
speare, attended,  brought  with  them  funeral 
elegies  and  poems,  and  threw  them  together 
with  the  pens  that  wrote  them,  into  the  open 
grave.*  It  was  for  Chaucer  that  he  had  often 
expressed  his  admiration,   and  it  was  by  Chau- 


*  Stanley,  "  Westminster  Abbey. "  p.  253. 
44 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

cer's  side  he  was  laid  in  the  Abbey.     A  short 

time    after,    this    inscription    was    placed   above 

him : — 

Hie  prope  Chaucerum  situs  est  Spenserius,  illi 

Proximus  ingenio,   proximus  et  tumulo. 

The    name    of    Robert    Browne    is    held    in       Robert 

reverence  as,   in  effect,  the  leader  of  the  Con-       Browne 

gregationalists.      Coming  from  a  good  Rutland-  '^ 

.  TT  Corp.  Chr. 

shire  family,  he  entered  Corpus  m  1570.     He  was        ^^^^ 

probably  ordained,  but  submission  to  Bishops 
sat  hardly  on  him,  and  he  had  little  sympathy 
with  the  parochial  system.  For  him  the  end 
and  aim  was  to  advance  righteousness,  and  to 
form  a  congregation  of  the  elect,  and  for  this 
purpose  he  preached  vigorously  everywhere.  His 
followers  became  known  as  "  Brownists."  His 
views  were  somewhat  narrow,  for  on  a  visit 
abroad  he  refused  to  join  himself  even  with 
Cartwright.  Trouble  ensued,  and  he  was  even- 
tually imprisoned  and  excommunicated.  Later 
on  he  settled  down  to  a  quieter  life.  His 
eloquence  gained  many  adherents,  and  of  his 
sincerity  no  one  had  doubted,  but  he  was  one 
who  fretted  under  restraint,  and  pursued  an 
"  eccentric  line."  He  followed  a  career  which 
proved  subversive  of  authority,  while  all  the 
time  endeavouring  to  do  his  best  to  enlarge  the 
Kingdom  of  Christ. 

In  the  following  year  John  Smith,  who  is  Jolin  Smith 
regarded  as  the  founder  of  the  EngHsh  Baptists,  (  ?  -1612) 
came  as  a  sizar  to  Christ's,  and  in  due  course  ^^^*  ^^^^" 
became  Fellow. 

45 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

FranciiBacoM      Thoughtful  men  have  differed  to  some  extent 
^°'^        in   their   estimate   of   Bacon.     Brilliant   he   cer- 
tainly  was,   gifted   with   a   mighty   mind   which 

Trin   1573     ^oo^ed  at   things  from  such   a  lofty   standpoint 
that   he   ranks   as   almost   the   greatest   thinker 
that    Cambridge    has    trained.      No    man    ever 
started  with  a  grander  ambition;  he  knew  the 
vast  extent  of  his  own  mental  endowment,  and 
his  aim  was  to  acquire  almost  universal  know- 
ledge, to  bring  all  nature  under  conquest  by  the 
careful    study    of    ascertainable    facts,    to    alter 
almost  the  whole  course  of  human  thought,  and 
to  do  all  this  for  the  good  of  his  fellow-men. 
And  yet  his  career,  splendid  as  it  was,  apparr 
rently  was  not  all  that  it  should  have  been ;  some 
regarded  him  as  a  doubtful  friend:  they  thought 
that  he  cringed  somewhat  at  times,  and  marked 
how  weaker  natures  were  able,  with  some  show 
of  truth,  to  call  his  motives  into  question.     He 
came  to  Trinity,  at  the  age  of  12,  under  the  rule 
of    Whitgift.      Burghley,    although    he    was    his 
uncle,   did   little    enough   to   help   him   on,   and 
Salisbury  hardly  viewed  him  with  favour.     One 
man,    Essex,    was    his    true    and    whole-hearted 
friend:  in  every  way  he  tried  to  advance  him, 
and  when  Essex  fell,  it  was  said  that  Bacon's 
devotion   to   his   country   justified   his   apparent 
forgetfulness    of    friendship's    tie.      For    years 
Bacon    saw    his    rival.    Coke,    achieve    greater 
success   than   he   did   himself.      But   at   last   he 
rose  and  was  made  Solicitor- General,  then  Attor- 
ney-General,  and    finally    Lord   Chancellor   and 
46 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Viscount  S.  Albans.  All  the  time  he  had  been 
preparing  his  vast  work,  the  *'  Instauratio 
Magna,"  of  which  King  James  remarked  with 
customary  flippancy,  *'  It  was  like  the  peace  of 
God,  for  it  passed  all  understanding."  At  the 
acme  of  his  success,  signs  appeared  of  the  coming 
storm.  He  was  accused  of  conniving  at  wrong 
and  of  taking  bribes  to  prevent  justice.  Pro- 
bably there  was  some  truth  in  the  statement; 
he  had  submitted  possibly  to  a  state  of  things 
which  he  regarded  as  part  of  a  system,  and  he 
had  not  reaUzed  all  that  it  meant.  Anyhow  he 
fell,  and  was  for  a  time  in  the  Tower.  In  a 
way  his  punishment  was  remitted,  but  his  day 
of  prosperity  was  over,  and  he  shortly  after 
passed  away  in  sorrow,  and  was  buried  at 
S.  Albans,  in  S.  Michael's  church.  As  a  philo- 
sopher he  ranks  supremely  high.  His  great 
effort,  the  "  Instauratio,"  had  six  main  parts, 
and  of  these  the  "  De  Augmentis "  and  the 
*'  Novum  Organum  "  shewed  marvellous  power. 
He  attempted  to  give  a  new  idea  to  the  world: 
generalization,  he  taught,  must  be  qualified  by 
systematic  examination  of  facts,  which  should 
lead  on  to  really  advanced  knowledge:  he 
started,  as  it  were,  the  thought  of  the  experi- 
mental and  inductive  niethod  in  science  which 
others  were  to  work  out.  He  remains,  what- 
ever his  faults,  one  of  the  greatest  of  English 
philosophers,  and  his  name  will  never  be  for- 
gotten. 

47 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Lancelot  Andrevves,  the  saintly  Bishop,  whose  "  Devo- 

Andrewes     ^j^^s "    are    Still    widely    used    in    the    religious 

^     '    7      world,    was    Master   of   Pembroke.      Trained   at 
Pembroke 
c.  1573.       Merchant  Taylors',  and  quickly  letting  his  ability 

be  known  at  Cambridge,  he  soon  held  rank  as 
the  equal  in  learning  of  Ussher,  and  was  well- 
nigh  the  foremost  theologian  and  preacher  of 
his  day.  First  as  Dean  of  Westminster,  and  then 
as  Bishop  consecutively  of  Chichester,  Ely,  and 
Winchester,  he  advanced  the  greatness  of  the 
Church  of  England.  His  position  was  a  definite 
one:  with  no  Romish  bias,  and  certainly  without 
the  Puritan  mind,  he  upheld  the  well-founded 
Catholicity  of  the  English  Church,  and  regarded 
*'  the  beauty  of  holiness  '*  as  the  legitimate  rule 
for  her  worship.  Incense  was  burnt  in  some 
of  the  services  he  conducted,  and  his  private 
chapel  was  rich  in  its  furnished  beauty.  Studious 
beyond  all  credit,  he  was  said  to  be  master  of 
fifteen  languages,  and  his  help  was  of  the 
greatest  value  in  the  translating  of  the  Bible. 
His  sermons  were  renowned  for  their  scholarly 
attainments — in  fact,  so  carefully  were  they 
prepared,  that  he  himself  uttered  the  memorable 
saying,  that  when  in  the  same  day  "  he  preached 
twice,  he  prated  once."  Wren,  Cosin,  Laud, 
and  Fuller  were  among  his  friends,  and  Bacon 
and  Milton  greatly  admired  him.  "  Andrewes," 
says  Dean  Church,  ''claimed  for  the  English 
Church  its  full  interest  and  membership  in  the 
Church  universal,  from  which  Puritan  and 
Romanist  alike  would  cut  off  the  island  Church 
48 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

by  a  gulf  as  deep  as  the  sea.  The  spirit  of 
historical  investigation  had  awoke  in  England, 
as  in  the  rest  of  Europe,  against  the  passion  for 
abstract  and  metaphysical  argument,  which  had 
marked  and  governed  the  earlier  stages  of  the 
Reformation.  Widened  knowledge  had  done 
much  for  Andrewes  and  the  men  of  his  school, 
Field,  Donne,  and  Overall,  may  I  not  add,  in 
this  matter,  Andrewes'  close  friend  Lord  Bacon  ? 
History  had  enlarged  their  ideas  of  the  Church 
universal.  .  .  .  They  opened  their  eyes  and 
saw  that  the  prerogatives  which  the  Puritans 
confined  to  an  invisible  church,  and  which  Rome 
confined  to  the  obedience  of  the  Pope,  belonged 
to  the  universal  historical  Church,  lasting  on 
with  varied  fortunes  through  all  the  centuries 
from  the  day  of  Pentecost."*  The  good  Bishop's 
tomb  is  an  object  of  reverent  interest  in  the 
Lady  Chapel  of  Southwark  Cathedral. 

In  the  same  year  there  came  to  King's,  William    SirWiUiam 
Temple,  the  Eton  man,  who  has  left  a  name  as       Temple 
a  philosophical  writer,  taking  the  side  of  '-the  ,^,^^^f"\^fJi 
Ramists  "  as  followers  of  the  French  writer,  Peter 
Ramus,   against   the   upholders   of  the  logic   of 
Aristotle.    Probably  the  first  book  ever  published 
by   the    University    Press    came   from   his    pen. 
He  became  Provost  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
and  secretary  to  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  who  is  said 
to  have  died  in  his  arms. 


*  Lancelot  Andrewes,  by  Richard  W.  Church. 
49 


King's  1573. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Eobert  Greene      Greene,  the  dramatist,  was  a  sizar  at  S.  John's, 
(c.  1560-1592)  t>m  subsequently  migrated  to  Clare.     Numerous 
S.  Jo  n  s     pi^yg  ^j^(j  romances  came  from  his  pen,  and  it 
was  said  that  Shakespeare  borrowed  one  of  his 
plots  to  put  in  the  "  Winter's  Tale."     He  was 
the    friend,    in    later    years,    of    Nash,    also    a 
dramatist,  and  also  a  sizar  of   S.   John's.     His 
character,    certainly,    was    iiot    lofty,    but    his 
realistic  stories  and  his  verse  gained   consider- 
able appreciation. 
John  Overall       Overall,    the    scholarly    Bishop    of    Norwich, 
(1560-1619)    where  he  succeeded  Jegon,  was  at  S.  John's,  and 
S.  John's     then  Fellow  of  Trinity.     Honours  came  rapidly 
^^^^        to  him,  and  he  rose  to  be  Regius  Professor  of 
Divinity  and  Master  of  S.  Catharine's.     He  was 
soon  called  to  a  iwider  sphere,  and  became  Dean 
of  S.  Paul's,  and  was  subsequently  raised  to  the 
Episcopate.    He  knew  Cosin  at  Cambridge,  and  is 
credited  with  being  the  learned  author  of  the  second 
or  sacramental   part   of  the  Church  Catechism. 
Henry  Constable,  who  is  known  as  a  poet,  and  was 

Constable     the  friend  of  Sir  Philip  Sidney,  came  as  Fellow 
(1362-1613)    Commoner  to   S.  John's.     His  chief  work  was 
S.  John's     .« Diana,"    and   he   also    wrote    several    sonnets. 
*'•        *      His  efforts  in  poetry  were  not  unappreciated  at 
Cambridge. 
William  Lee       Lee,  the  inventor  of  the  stocking  frame,  came 
(    ?   -1610)    to  S.  John's  after  being  a  sizar  at  Christ's.     It 
Chr.  1579.    is  said   that   dislike  of   seeing   his   fiancee   con- 
S.  John's     tinually  knitting  made  him  turn  his  thoughts  to 
mechanical  making  of  stockings,  and  his  inven- 
tion was  the  outcome. 

50 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Robert  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex,  the  favourite       Robert 
for  many  years  of  Elizabeth,  was,  like  Coke  and     Devereux 
Bacon,  a  pupil  of  Whitgift  at  Trinity.     Burghley    *'  ^  ,,"!^ 

(15o7-lo01) 

helped  him  on,  and  when  he  himself  ceased  to  ^^^^  ^^jg 
be  Chancellor  of  Cambridge  Essex  took  his 
place.  Of  fair  attainments  and  considerable 
culture,  and  a  most  generous  friend,  as  Bacon 
could  testify,  he  was  yet  impetuous  and  vain. 
He  captured  and  sacked  Cadiz,  and  was  publicly 
eulogised  in  S.  Paul's,  and  was  shortly  after  sent 
by  the  Queen  to  conquer  Ireland  lest  it  should 
fall  under  the  power  of  the  Spanish  King.  He 
mismanaged  the  affair  entirely,  and  hurried  back, 
without  leave,  straight  to  the  presence  of  Eliza- 
beth. The  Queen  was  highly  incensed;  Essex 
tvas  arrested,  and  although  he  was  shortly  re- 
leased, he  was  in  complete  disfavour.  Angered 
at  the  loss  of  lucrative  posts,  he  tried  to  lead  the 
city  of  London  on  to  a  foolish  insurrection,  and 
found  himself  arraigned  for  treason.  He  had 
nought  but  his  own  foolhardiness  to  blame.  In 
a  way  he  was  still  vastly  popular,  and  his  trial 
and  condemnation,  which,  to  some  extent,  at 
least,  was  brought  about  by  Bacon,  who  felt 
that  out  of  duty  to  the  State  he  was  bound  to 
oppose  his  former  devoted  friend  and  patron,  is 
melancholy  reading.  He  was  found  guilty  and 
executed  near  the  Tower,  and  the  nation,  not- 
withstanding his  fault,  grieved  at  his  downfall. 
Three  years  previously  Burghley  had  unwittingly 
foreshadowed  coming  events :  the  aged  statesman 
had  urged  Elizabeth  to  end  the  war  with  Spain, 
5« 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Christopher 

Marlowe 

(1564-1593) 

Corp.  Chr. 

1580. 


John  Penry 

(1559-1593) 

Peterhouse 

1580. 


and  when  Essex  thoughtlessly  advised  it  should 
be  continued,  Bacon  pulled  a  psalter  from  his 
pocket  and  read  the  verse,  "  The  bloodthirsty  and 
deceitful  men  shall  not  live  out  half  their  days  '* 
— a   warning  which   proved   strikingly  true.* 

Marlowe,  the  most  distinguished  of  those 
dramatists  who  preceded  Shakespeare,  is  said 
to  have  been  at  Corpus  Christi  after  receiving 
his  education  at  the  King's  School,  Canterbury. 
Shakespeare  was  probably,  to  some  extent,  in- 
fluenced by  him,  and  possibly  Ben  Jonson. 
Little  that  is  good  can  be  told  of  his  private 
life,  and  he  is  said  to  have  met  his  death  in  a 
discreditable  brawl  at  the  deplorably  early  age 
of  29.  Marlowe  is  a  writer  whose  plays  are 
receiving  increased  recognition:  it  is  worth 
remembering  that  a  version  of  "  The  Tragical 
History  of  Dr.  Faustus "  was  seen  by  Goethe 
when  a  'boy,  and  ma<le  a  profound  impression  on 
him.  The  importance  of  such  a  circumstance 
can  hardly   be   over-estimated. 

Cartwright's  teaching  found  full  vent  in  the 
restless  spirit  of  Penry.  Earnest  and  trenchant, 
keen  in  attack,  and  a  tireless  partizan,  he  deter- 
mined that,  if  he  could  bring  it  about,  Calvinism 
should  triumph  in  England.  That  his  strong 
line  failed  to  commend  itself  to  many  proved 
no  hindrance  to  him;  convinced  of  his  own 
rectitude,  he  gave  himself  up  to  achieve  his  aim, 
however  impolitic  and  undesired  the  achievement 
might  be.  He  had  entered  at  Peterhouse,  and 
*  Prothero,  "  Psalms  in  Human  Life,"  p.  160. 
52 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

after  undertaking  fervid  preaching  in  Wales, 
found  himself  brought  up  for  heresy  before 
Archbishop  Whitgift.  The  mention  of  bishops 
stirred  his  inmost  spleen:  he  attacked  them  with 
vigorous  onslaught.  For  years  the  "  Marprelate 
Tracts'*  shewed  how  far  vituperation  could  go: 
with  zeal  that  knew  no  limit,  and  persistence  that 
sadly  lacked  prudence,  he  went  on  his  way,  until 
a  charge  of  sedition  against  State  and  Throne 
eventually  procured  his  death  by  hanging. 

It  falls  to  the  lot  of  some  men  to  do  pioneer     Sir  Henry 
research  work  in  quarters  where  later  workers      Spelman 
profit    by    the    carefully    garnered    facts,    and  ^^- 1564-1641) 
receive  a   large   share   of   the   awarded   praise.  ^"■""'  "«> 
To   some   extent   this   is   true   of    Spelman,    the 
Trinity  man,  who,  in  the  most  painstaking  way, 
collected  an  immense  store  of  information  which 
he    published    in    his    "  Glossary,*'    a    valuable 
work  completed  by  Dugdale.     He  further  com- 
piled  "  Councils,   Decrees,    Laws,   and   Constitu- 
tions of  the  English  Church,"  a  lengthy  record 
which  was  of  service  in  the  greater  compilations 
by  Haddan  and  Stubbs.     Spelman  had  the  cause 
of  the  Church  at  heart,  and  was  the  friend  of 
Ussher,  Abbot,  and  Laud.     By  marriage  he  was 
connected  with  the  L'Estranges,  of  Hunstanton, 
and  his  devoted  attachment  to  his  work  deserves 
all  praise. 

The   College  of   S.  John  is  rightly  proud   of  Robert  Cecil 

£&rl  of 
its  connexion  with  the  house  of  Cecil.     William,     Salisbury 

Lord  Burghley,  was  at  the  College,  and  proved  ^""s^j^ohn^s^^ 
to  be  one  of  the  most  influential  Chancellors  of        1581, 
53 


1582. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

the  University;  and  his  son,  Robert,  Earl  of 
Salisbury,  the  cousin  of  Francis  Bacon,  followed 
in  his  father's  steps  as  member  of  the  College 
and  Chancellor.  Salisbury  proved,  as  Secretary 
of  State  and  then  Lord  Treasurer,  a  strong 
minister,  and  by  quiet  and  far-sighted  foreign 
diplomacy  did  much  to  advance  England's  great- 
ness, and  accorded  to  James  service  no  less 
acceptable  than  had  been  given  to  Elizabeth. 
Thomai  Morton   was   another   of   those   prelates    who, 

Morton  under  Puritan  supremacy,  suffered  severely  for 
(1564-1659)  his  faith.  As  Fellow  of  S.  John's,  he  early  gave 
:?^^  ^  evidence  of  his  learning  by  publishing  "  Apologia 
Catholica,"  which  was  an  able  defence  of  the 
Church  of  England,  and  which  it  was  said 
the  Romanists  found  difficulty  in  answering. 
Strongly  ascetic  and  living  for  study,  the  friend 
of  Donne  and  Bancroft,  and  of  Andrewes  and 
Hooker  and  Laud,  he  is  said  also  to  have  known 
Fuller  and  Walton.  Advanced  to  Chester,  then 
to  Lichfield,  and  then  to  Durham,  he  experienced 
in  his  tenure  of  the  latter  See  much  that  might 
have  crushed  a  less  worthy  man.  He  was  an 
able  controversialist  against  Roman  opponents, 
and  his  gentle  conciliation  often  did  much  to 
soften  their  opposition,  but  his  position  as 
Bishop  of  a  See  contiguous  to  Scotland  made 
him  a  marked  man,  and  he  came  under  the 
eager  dislike  of  the  Puritans.  Driven  from  his 
seat  in  the  House  of  Lords,  he  was  imprisoned 
and  removed  from  his  See,  but  never  for  a 
moment  abated  his  claim,  advanced  with  all 
54 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Christian  charity,  to  be  Bishop  of  Durham  still. 
The  State  might  decree  that  bishops  were  finally 
dispensed  with,  but  Morton  continued  by  word 
and  act,  whatever  the  danger,  to  let  all  know 
that  the  episcopal  office  would  never  in  this 
world  be  undone.  His  determination  greatly 
helped  others  in  difficult  times,  and  at  last,  at 
the  age  of  95,  he  entered  into  a  well  earned 
and  honourable  rest. 

Nash,   the   dramatist,   was,   as   Greene   before  Thomas  Nash 
him,    at    S.    John's    as    a    sizar.      He   held    the   (1567-1601) 
friendship  of  Marlowe.     He  wrote  unequally:  at     S.Johns 
times  he  published  plays,  and  at  times  gave  forth 
fierce   denunciation  of  the   Puritan  writer   Mar- 
prelate.       His   character    cannot   be   considered 
very  reputable,  and  his  writing  throughout  lacked 
refinement. 

Boyle,  better  known  as  the  great  Earl  of  Cork,  Eichard  Boyle 
a  Statesman  of  note  in  the  reign  of  James  I.,  Earl  of  Cork 
was    at    Corpus    Christi    College.     It   has    often    ^1566-1643) 
been  shewn  that  universities  can  produce  Empire        J).'^. 
builders,  and  in  his  day  Boyle  did  much  to  help 
on  the  prosperity  of  Ireland.    By  the  erection  of 
bridges,   harbours,   and  towers,   he   opened   the 
way  to  commerce,  and  is  credited  with  having 
done  much  to  benefit  the  island,  and  to  ward  off 
rebellion. 

Visitors  to  S.  Paul's  Cathedral  have  probably   John  Donne 
noticed    in    the    south    choir    aisle    a    strange  (1573-1631) 
memorial.      It    is    the    figure    of    a    dead    man   ^"°*  ^^^^* 
wrapped    in    a  winding-sheet,    and,    as    it    were, 
issuing   from   an   urn.      This   monument   is   the 
55 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

only  one  which  survived  the  fire  in  old  S.  Paul's, 
and  is  in  memory  of  Dean  Donne,  who,  born 
of  Roman  Catholic  parents,  and  connected  at 
first  with  Oxford,  seems  later  to  have  studied 
at  Trinity,  Cambridge,  but  took  no  degree. 
His  early  life  was  unsettled,  but  later  he  gave 
himself  to  the  writing  of  books,  and  after  careful 
thought  and  study  of  the  question,  definitely 
decided  to  embrace  the  faith  of  the  Church  of 
England.  He  was  noticed  by  James  I.,  and,  at 
the  age  of  42,  acting  on  the  earnest  solicitation 
of  friends,  he  took  orders,  and  quickly  became 
famed  as  a  scholar,  thinker,  and  preacher.  All 
the  great  men  of  the  day  were  his  friends — Ben 
Jonson,  Francis  Bacon,  Hall,  Montagu,  An- 
drewes,  George  Herbert,  Isaac  Walton,  and 
Nicholas  Ferrar.  He  first  obtained  the  preacher- 
ship  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  and  his  sermons  were  held 
in  such  repute  that  he  was  advanced  to  the 
Deanery  of  S.  Paul's.  Known  as  the  "  poet 
preacher,"  he  carried  on  an  active  ministry  with 
complete  devotion,  and  exercised  an  influence 
that  was  immense.  His  steadfastness  of  purpose 
is  to  be  traced  in  the  motto  he  chose  to  be 
carved  on  his  monument,  "  Hie  licet  in  occiduo 
cinere  aspicit  Eum  cujus  nomen  est  Oriens." 
Samuel  Ward  Ward,  who  entered  at  Christ's,  became  Fellow 
(c.  1570-1643)  of  Emmanuel,  was  then  Fellow  of  the  newly- 
Chr.  c.  1588  founded    College    of    Sidney    Sussex,    and    after 

Sid.  Sussex   some  years  passed  to  the  Mastership.     His  in- 
1599 

fluence  at  Cambridge  was  great.     He  favoured 

Puritan    teaching,    and    in    consequence    found 

56 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Montagu  an  opponent,  but  was  a  convinced 
upholder  of  the  Church  of  England.  The  Mar- 
garet chair  was  offered  to  him,  and  in  time  he 
found  himself  unable  to  go  to  the  lengths 
which  Presbyterianism  had  then  reached,  and  in 
consequence  for  a  time,  together  with  others, 
suffered  imprisonment  in  S.  John's.  He  was 
intimate  with  Ussher,  Williams,  Hall,  and 
Davenant,  and  his  "  Diary"  which  he  left  is  still  in 
the  possession  of  Sidney,  where  also  he  lies  buried 

To  be  Bishop  in  the  days  of  the  Common-  jotephHall 
wealth  was  to  find  life  no  bed  of  roses,  as  Hall,  (1574-1656) 
the  Fellow  of  Emmanuel,  who  rose  to  be  Bishop  Einm.  1589. 
of  Norwich,  found  to  his  cost.  Learned  and 
scholarly,  he  was  put  forward  by  James  to  up- 
hold episcopacy  at  the  Synod  of  Dort.  His  first 
promotion  was  to  Exeter,  and  he  took  up  there 
a  strong  Church  line.  Steadily  opposed  to  the 
Papal  pov/er,  he  yet  held,  along  with  Laud,  and 
Morton,  and  Davenant,  that  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land claimed  to  be  fully  Catholic.  The  eager 
Puritan  opposition  to  all  Church  views  gave  him 
trouble,  but  for  his  learning  and  deep  piety  his 
opponents  had  full  respect.  It  fell  to  him,  in 
the  company  of  Ussher  and  Williams,  to  oppose 
tooth  and  nail  the  measure  which  aimed  at 
removing  Bishops  from  their  seats  in  the  House 
of  Lords.  He  was  regarded  as  a  doughty 
champion,  and  for  a  time  imprisonment  in  the 
Tower  was  his  reward.  On  returning  to 
Norwich  his  troubles  increased:  his  revenues 
were  seized,  his  goods  were  looted,  and  his 
57 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


cathedral  stormed.     He  had  perforce  to  remove 
to    a    village    near,    and    there    continued    to 
manifest    in    adversity   a  truly    noble    character. 
Among  his  works  may  be  mentioned  his  *'  Con- 
templations," which  are  still  read,  and  "  Christian 
Meditations."      A    book    of    his,    the    "  Satires," 
written  while  he  was  at  the  University,  is  also 
well  known. 
Beiyamin         The   age   of    Elizabeth,   remarkable   in   many 
Jonson       ways,  was  particularly  characterised  by  the  great 
(c.  1573-1637)  number    and   the    extraordinary  attainments   of 
1  anft       literary  men.     Amongst  the  greatest  of  these  was 

C.  1390* 

Ben  Jonson,  perhaps  the  only  man  of  whom  it 
can  be  said,  in  some  sense,  that  he  shared  the 
palm  with  Shakespeare,  whose  birth  preceded  his 
own  by  six  years.  He  is  supposed  to  have  been 
at  S.  John's,  after  an  earlier  bringing  up  at  West- 
minster School.  He  betook  himself  to  London, 
and  became  connected,  as  were  so  many  other 
writers,  with  the  stage.  He  moved  freely  in 
that  inner  circle  of  which  Bacon,  Inigo  Jones, 
Donne,  Shakespeare,  Herrick,  Chapman,  Fletcher 
and  Beaumont  formed  part,  and  he  was  recog- 
nised as  holding  an  important  literary  position, 
and  as  being  a  man  of  great  originality  and 
strength.  "  Every  man  in  his  Humour  "  was 
published  in  1598,  and  several  other  dramas,  the 
*'  Alchemist "  being  one  of  the  most  important. 
To  his  pen  we  owe  also  many  epitaphs,  epigrams, 
and  songs,  *'  Drink  to  me  only  with  thine  eyes  *' 
being  one  of  the  best  known  of  these.  Notwith- 
standing his  literary  power,  he  seems  to  have 
$8 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

amassed  no  fortune,  and  his  end  was  saddened 
by  poverty  and  disappointment  which  even  the 
patronage  of  King  Charles  had  done  extremely 
little  to  lighten.  He  lies  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  and  the  inscription  "  O  rare  Ben 
Jonson "  is  placed  above  his  resting-place 
Tradition  relates  that  he  was  buried  standing, 
and  that  it  was  his  own  special  wish  to  rest  in 
the  Abbey  with  which,  as  with  the  neighbour- 
hood around,  he  had  in  his  life  been  much 
connected.  "  Grant  me  a  favour,"  he  is  said  to 
have  asked  of  Charles  I.  "What  is  it?"  said 
the  King.  "  Give  me  eighteen  inches  of  square 
ground."  "  Where  ?  "  continued  the  King.  "  In 
Westminster  Abbey!"* 

A  partnership  in  literary  work  is  not  an  easy  John  Fletcher 
task  to  undertake,  and  yet  the  joint  productions   (1579-1025) 
of  Beaumont  and  Fletcher  must  be  held  to  be    ^^^P-  ^^^• 
a  signal  success.      Writing  in  an  age  when  a 
high  standard  prevailed,  these  two  men,  one  an 
Oxonian  and  the  other  a  Cambridge  man,  pro- 
duced   plays    which    were    full    of    real    poetic 
attainment,  and  came  near  to  the  great  works 
of   Shakespeare  and   Ben  Jonson.      What  indi- 
vidual share  was  taken  with  regard  to  the  plays 
which     were     produced     jointly,     is     unknown. 
Fletcher  was  probably  at  Corpus  Christi  College, 
where  his  father  had  been  Master,  and  after  some 
years  joined  with  Beaumont  in  what  proved  to  be 


*  Stanley,  "Westminster  Abbey,"  p.  255.     The  name  is 
written  Johnson  on  the  grave-stone. 

59 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


John 

Davenant 

(1576-1641) 

Queens' 

c.  1592. 


William 

Harvey 

(1578-1657) 

Gon.  &  Caius 

1593. 


a  successful  venture.  "  The  Maid's  Tragedy  " 
was  one  of  the  best  productions  of  the  joint  writ- 
ing, and  "  The  Faithful  Shepherdess,"  supposed 
to  be  Fletcher's  sole  writing,  is  also  extremely 
good.  The  work  which  these  two  men  produced 
placed  them  at  once  among  the  greatest  of 
English  poets  and  dramatists.  Fletcher  lies 
buried  in  the  same  grave  with  Massinger,  by  the 
side  of  Andrewes  and  other  great  men,  in  South- 
wark  Cathedral. 

Davenant,  who  perhaps  proved  more  success- 
ful as  Professor  than  as  Bishop,  was  Fellow  of 
Queens',  and  in  time  rose  to  be  President.  He 
held  the  Margaret  chair,  and  a  valuable  com- 
mentary on  the  Epistle  to  the  Colossians  came 
from  his  pen.  He  inclined  to  a  moderate  Calvin- 
ism, and  when  he  was  raised  to  the  See  of 
Salisbury  his  views  were  hardly  such  as  to 
commend  themselves  to  Laud,  who  was  on  the 
throne  of  Canterbury.  Neither  in  learning  nor 
in  statesmanship  can  he  be  said  to  have  reached 
the  level  of  the  great  Caroline  divines,  but,  not- 
withstanding,  he  possesses  a  creditable  record. 

Harvey,  the  discoverer  of  the  circulation  of 
the  blood,  took  his  degree  from  Gonville  and 
Caius.  For  his  College  he  had  ever  a  great 
regard,  and  by  his  will  he  left  to  it  the  house  in 
which  he  was  born  at  Folkestone.  A  Kentish 
man  on  both  sides,  he  was  trained  at  the  King's 
School,  Canterbury,  before  passing  to  Cambridge. 
Subsequently  he  took  up  work  at  S.  Bartholo- 
mew's Hospital,  and  gave  himself  to  study, 
6o 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

After  long  and  careful  investigarion  he  published 
"  Exercitatio  anatomica  de  motu  cordis  et  san- 
guinis in  animalibus."  Harvey  was  a  good 
all-round  man:  a  classic,  and  well  versed  in  the 
medical  works  of  his  day.  While  lacking 
modern  advantages  he  yet  proved  to  be  right  as 
regards  the  correctness  of  the  theory  he  ad- 
vanced. S.  Bartholomew's  owes  much  to  him, 
as  one  who  helped  on  the  building  of  the 
Library.  He  lies  buried  at  Hempstead,  near 
Saffron  Walden;  in  1883  the  coffin  was  solemnly 
placed  in  a  marble  sarcophagus  as  a  mark  of 
the  esteem  with  which  subsequent  generations 
have  regarded  the  work  of  this  great  medical 
scientist  and  investigator. 

Montagu  ranks  among  the  representative  body  Richard 
of  Churchmen  to  which  Andrewes,  Cosin,  and  Montagu 
Laud  belonged.  He  came  to  King's  from  Eton, 
and  proved,  in  time,  a  strong  and  able  contro- 
versialist. Many  of  his  works  were  powerfully 
written,  and  his  "  Appello  Caesarem "  shewed 
great  erudition.  His  tenure  of  the  See  of 
Chichester  and  of  Norwich  conduced  to  the  up- 
holding of  the  Church  of  England.  He  was 
strongly  anti-Roman,  and  yet  thoroughly  con- 
vinced as  to  the  position  of  the  Church,  and  he 
proved  no  mean  advocate  in  her  cause.  He  was 
intimate  with  Fuller  and  Casaubon,  and  lies 
buried  at  Norwich. 

61 


(1577-1641) 
King's  1594. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

John  Williams,  the  Welshman,  who  succeeded  Bacon 

Williams     ^g   Lord   Keeper,   and  was   also   Archbishop   of 

^       '       ''    York,  is  remembered  at  S.  John's  as  the  builder 
S.  John's 
1598         ^^  ^^^  library,  over  the  doorway  of  which  are  to 

be  seen  his  "  arms."  Fellow,  and  for  a  time 
Proctor,  he  was  looked  upon  with  favour  by 
Bancroft  and  by  James  I.,  and  after  being  made 
Dean  of  Westminster  was  raised  to  Lincoln  and 
then  to  York.  For  the  royalist  cause  he  had 
great  affection,  and  he  had  to  suffer  even  im- 
prisonment, for  a  time,  owing  to  the  strength  of 
his  views.  In  Church  matters  he  took  a  line  that 
avoided  extremes,  and  while  he  had  little  sym- 
pathy with  the  policy  of  Laud,  he  seems  to  have 
acted  as  a  capable  and  sensible  man. 
Matthew  Matthew  Wren,  Fellow  of  Pembroke,  uncle  of 
Wren        the  well-known  Sir  Christopher,  and  the  intimate 

585-1667)   fj-jgnd  of  Andrewes,  speedily  rose  to  be  Master 
Pemb.  1601 
P     1625     ^^  Peterhouse.     His  rule  there  was  memorable, 

for  in  many  ways  he  promoted  the  welfare  of  the 

College.       Preferment     fell     rapidly     to     him, 

and  he  was  called  to  preside  in  turn  over  the 

Sees  of  Hereford,  Norwich,  and  Ely.    Scholarly, 

and  well  able  to  defend  the  strong  Church  views 

he  took  up,  he  worked  hand  in  hand  with  Laud 

against    Puritan   opposition,   and   found   himself 

concerned  in  Laud's  impeachment,  and  was,  for 

some    1 8   years,   in  prison   in   the   Tower.      His 

work   as   Bishop  was  thoroughly   done,   and   he 

ranks    as   a  capable   administrator.      Pembroke, 

the  Chapel  of  which  he  built,  is  the  possessor 

of  his  mitre.     He  was  buried  in  the  Chapel,  and 

62 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Pearson,  then  Master  of  Trinity,  pronounced  the 
funeral  oration. 

Not  all  Masters  of  Colleges  have  led  the  quiet  William Beale 
easy  life  that  is  generally  associated  with  their  (  ?  -1651) 
office  at  the  present  day.    Beale,  the  Westminster   ^""*   ^^^ 

r  1     •  rr-   •    .  Jesus  1611 

boy,  who  in  due  course,  after  being  at  Trinity,     o  t  u  • 
became  Master  of  Jesus  and  then  of  S.  John's,        1533 
went  through  a  troubled  career.      The  authori- 
ties of  the  day  had  sundry  things  against  him: 
not    only   was   he   a  friend    of    Cosin,    but   his 
*'  ritualistic     ways "     had     attracted     attention, 
though  this  amounted  to  nothing  more  than  the 
restoration    of    the    beautiful    ministrations    of 
Divine   worship  in   the   College   Chapel,    and  a 
proper  care  for  the  spiritual  welfare  of  the  place. 
More  than  all  this,  however,  was  the  enormity 
of  assisting  King  Charles  by  sending  him  some 
of  the  College  plate.      Cromwell  himself,  in  dire 
anger,     came    to     Cambridge,     surrounded     S 
John's    College    while    the    students    were    at 
Evensong,     and    carried     off    the     Master     to 
the   Tower,   along  with  .Wren,    Bishop   of   Ely, 
Martin,  Master  of  Queens',  and  Sterne,  Master 
of    Jesus.      After    a    most    unpleasant    journey, 
imprisonment    for    three    years    followed,    and 
deprivation    from    the    Mastership.      Then,    in 
despair,    Beale    betook    himself    abroad.      The 
curious  story  of  his  death  in  Spain  tells  of  the 
terrors   of   those   times.     Taken   seriously   ill   at 
Madrid,  he  gathered  his  faithful  followers  round 
him  and  solemnly  consecrated  the  blessed  sacra- 
ment as  he  lay  in  bed.     One  fear  had  possessed 
63 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


him  in  dying— the  dread  of  falling  into  the  hands 
of  the  Inquisition.  In  order  to  prevent  this,  the 
boards  of  the  chamber  were  taken  up,  a  grave 
dug,  the  body  buried  and  covered  with  quicklime. 
Owing  to  the  care  with  which  the  secret  was 
kept,  his  resting-place  remained  completely  un- 
known. So  ended  the  life  of  one  of  the  best 
and  most  capable  Masters  the  College  ever  had. 
Nicholas  Nicholas     Ferrar,  whose  life  story  is  of  great 

Ferrar       interest,   came   to   Clare  in   1606,  and  attaining, 

^,     '  ^^  ^  after    four     years,    to    a    Fellowship,    travelled. 
Clare  1606.  ,  ,  ,         , 

and     was    later    on     elected     to     the     House 

of  Commons.  But  already  a  higher  motive  than 
political  success  was  inspiring  him,  and  he 
shortly  decided  to  retire  from  the  world  and 
give  himself  up  to  a  religious  life  of  meditation 
and  prayer,  combined  with  literary  and  philan- 
thropic work.  After  being  ordained  Deacon  by 
Laud,  he  established,  at  Little  Gidding,  in  Hun- 
tingdonshire, an  institution  which  was  no  mere 
monastic  house.  Ferrar's  whole  soul  was  bound 
up  with  adherence  to  and  belief  in  the  Church 
of  England,  and  his  idea  was  to  gather  round 
him  his  family — his  brother  also  joined  in  the 
project,  and  brought  his  family  as  well — and  to 
produce  in  the  quiet  country  home  the  reality  of 
a  Christian  household  living  entirely  for  God, 
and  for  the  welfare  of  their  fellow-men.  The 
story  of  the  endeavour  is  full  of  interest.  There 
is  mention  of  the  speedy  endeavour  to  restore 
the  dilapidated  church,  and  of  the  observance 
in  the  house  itself  of  an  almost  continuous  round 

64 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

of  solemn  supplication  by  day,  supplication  which 
even  was  continued,  accompanied  by  soft  play-, 
ing  of  the  organ,  far  into  the  night:  of  the  care 
with  which  all  the  inmates  of  the  house  attended 
the  daily  offices  of  Matins  and  Evensong,  and  at 
periodic  intervals  the  Holy  Communion:  of  the 
motto  over  the  front  door  "  Flee  from  evil  and 
do  good  and  dwell  for  evermore  " :  of  the  general 
air  of  happiness  and  contentment  which  pervaded 
the  dwellers  in  the  house:  of  the  interest  which 
gathered  round  the  little  Church,  continuously 
redolent  with  the  odour  of  sweet-scented 
herbs  and  flowers:  of  the  reverence  made,  on 
entering,  to  the  altar,  aglow  with  tapers  and 
veiled  with  costly  hangings :  of  the  due  and  valur 
able  instruction  which  members  of  the  family 
gave  to  the  children  of  their  poorer  neighbours 
who  were  allowed  to  share  in  the  lessons:  of  the 
kindly  aid,  of  hospital  and  dispensary  nature, 
which  was  given  free  to  the  villagers  :  of  the  pur- 
suit of  music,  embroidery  and  painting.  All 
these  details  add  to  the  beauty  of  the  conception, 
and  tell  of  the  quiet  life  which  prevailed.*  But 
it  is  because  of  the  literary  work  which  was  car-: 
ried  on,  that  Little  Gidding  became  famoua 
Books  were  not  only  beautifully  written  out,  but 
beautifully  bound  as  well,  some  of  them  being 
preserved  as  treasures  in  the  British  Museum 
now.  A  Harmony  of  the  Gospels  was  made,  and 
a  Harmony  of  Kings  and  Chronicles,  together 

*  "  Nicholas  Ferrar,  His  Household  and  his  Friends." 

65 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

with  many  other  theological  works.  And  thus 
for  many  years  the  establishment  quietly  flour- 
ished. As  the  younger  girls  grew  up  they 
married  and  left:  and  when  at  last  Ferrar; 
worn  out  by  the  austerities  he  practised,  passed 
to  his  rest,  the  home  was  continued  under  his 
brother,  but  only  for  a  time.  Many  of  the  valu- 
able books  which  Ferrar  had  compiled,  perished 
in  the  evil  days  that  followed :  the  house  is  gone^ 
and  at  the  present  day  only  the  Church  at  Little 
Gidding,  in  which  he  had  so  often  prayed,  re- 
mains. King  Charles  himself  visited  Ferrar,  ancj 
was  impressed  with  all  he  saw.  It  was  to  Ferrar 
that  George  Herbert,  from  his  deathbed,  com- 
mitted his  work  known  as  "  The  Temple,"  and 
all  through  his  career  this  man  of  saintly  life  was 
known  and  revered  by  the  great  Churchmen  of 
his  day,  and  especially  by  Andrewes  and  Donne. 
John  Cosin  We  may  well  be  thankful  for  the  many  great 
(1594-1672)  and  learned  men  who  did  so  much  to  place  the 
Gon.  &  Caius  Church  of  England  on  a  safe  and  sure  founda- 
tion after  the  unsettlement  of  the  Reformation 
times.  The  name  of  Cosin  is  well-known  as  one 
of  the  foremost  of  these  '^giants  of  days  gone 
by."  Fellow  of  Gonville  and  Caius,  deeply  readj 
and  able  always  to  take  a  large  view  of  things^ 
full  of  artistic  taste,  and  rejoicing  in  all  that  was 
refined  and  beautiful,  this  man  of  master  mind 
left  a  great  record  behind  him.  In  matters  of 
ceremonial,  he  was  a  safe  and  reliable  guide; 
on  various  points  of  theological  teaching,  when 
weaker  men  uttered  platitudes  and  gave  vent 
66 


Pet.  1634. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

to  mere  parrot  cries,  Cosin  pointed  out  the  way^ 
and  shewed  himself  no  slavish  upholder  of  what 
was  ignorantly  supposed  alone  to  be  right. 
Active  and  zealous  in  the  control  of  all  that  fell 
to  him,  tall  and  handsome,  and  large-hearted,  he 
ranks  as  one  of  the  alert  Englishmen  of  his  day^ 
Early  in  life  he  was  connected  with  Durham, 
where  in  due  course,  he  was  to  be  bishop — 
there,  in  those  early  days,  he  used  vestments  and 
incense  as  the  lawful  heritage  of  the  reformed 
English  Church,  and  his  care  for  sacred  things 
led  him  to  beautify  his  College  Chapel  when  he 
became  Master  of  Peterhouse.  For  sending  his 
College  plate  to  Charles,  he  was  ejected  from  his 
mastership,  and  retired  abroad  to  carry  on  there^ 
for  19  years,  the  same  carefully  regulated  worship 
of  the  English  Church.  Thence,  in  due  course, 
recalled  to  be  Bishop  of  Durham,  he  made  a 
stand  for  ancient  and  dignified  ceremonial,  and 
opposed  alike  to  Papist  and  Puritan,  worked  up 
his  diocese  to  be  a  model  one,  and  gained  the 
respect  of  all.  To  his  wide  knowledge  of  the 
mind  of  the  ancient  Church  is  due  the  beauty 
and  unsurpassed  English  of  many  of  the  prayers 
in  the  Prayer  Book,  and  to  his  wise  adminis- 
tration and  thoughtful  discretion,  we,  at  the 
present  day,  owe  much.  All  the  great  divines 
of  the  time  were  among  his  friends — Overall, 
Andrewes,  Laud,  Montagu,  Bancroft,  Gunning, 
and  Wren.  Cheerful  and  pleasant,  and  a  great 
smoker,  he  led  a  simple  life,  and  in  addition  to 
the  great  administrative  work  he  did,  has  left  us 
67 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


his  '-  Private  Devotions."  Before  all  else  he 
worked  straight  for  the  end  he  had  in  view,  and 
was  one  of  the  most  capable  prelates  the  Church 
of  England  ever  possessed. 

Thomas  It  falls  to  the  lot  of  some  men  to  be  endowed 

Wentworth   with  considerable  talent,  and  yet  neither  the  age 

Earl  of      jjj  which  they  ha.ppen  to  live,  nor  the  environs 

^'       ment    which     surrounds     them,     affords     sc<3pe 

S  Toh         suitable  for  that  talent  to  be  fully  and  successr 

c.  1608,  fully  applied.  Of  Wentworth,  who  rose  to  be 
Earl  of  Strafford,  and  is  so  well  known  in 
connexion  with  the  troubled  career  of  his 
master,  Charles  I.,  it  may  with  justice  be  said, 
that  though  he  possessed  gifts  of  a  high  order, 
everything  seemed  to  conduce  to  render  any 
successful  and  appreciated  use  of  these  gifts 
impossible.  Entering  at  S.  John's  he  passed, 
after  a  creditable  career,  to  the  great  walks  of 
life :  at  first  he  seemed  bound  up  with  the  popular 
cause,  and  joined  in  the  effort  to  get  redress  of 
grievances  granted  by  the  King.  Then  ensued 
what  appeared  to  be  a  complete  change  of  front  : 
he  rose  to  power,  with  royal  approval,  as  the 
almost  avowed  opponent  of  all  that  the  people 
seemed  to  desire.  Rightly  or  wrongly,  he 
was  looked  upon  as  the  unflinching  sup- 
porter of  one-man  rule,  as  the  upholder  of  a 
despotism  which  by  the  nation's  determina- 
tion, was  shortly  to  pass  away.  His  work  in 
Ireland,  good  as  in  some  ways  it  was,  was 
viewed  with  the  greatest  disfavour:  his  strong 
determination  and  talent  only  increased  the 
68 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

hatred  with  which  the  popular  party  regarded 
his  every  act;  all  things  seemed  to  go  wrong; 
at  last  came  his  fall ;  he  passed  to  his  death  at  the 
block,  forsaken  and  betrayed  by  a  master  who 
was  unworthy  of  him,  and  further,  detested  by 
a  people  who  were  irritated  into  actions  which  all 
must  deplore.  Under  another  monarch,  and  in 
different  times,  Strafford  might  have  been  an 
approved  and  valuable  protector  of  his  country. 

George  Herbert,  who  has  left  a  great   name       George 
as  a  Christian  poet,  was  trained  at  Westminster      Herbert 
School,  during  the  time  that  Andrewes  held  the  (1593—1663) 
r    T^  r      1         A ,  ,  ^t         ,  ^  Trin.  1609. 

post    of    De^n   of    the   Abbey    Church.       From 

thence,  he  entered  at  Trinity  under  the  master- 
ship of  Nevile,  and  after  holding  a  Fellow- 
ship, was  appointed  Public  Orator.  The  period 
during  which  he  resided  at  Cambridge  was  a 
brilliant  one:  Richard  Sterne,  the  future  Arch- 
bishop, was  a  brother  undergraduate:  Francis 
Bacon,  and  Nicholas  Ferrar,  were  his  friends: 
amongst  those  who  must  have  known  him; 
were  John  Williams,  Joseph  Hall,  Matthew  Wren, 
all  of  whom  were  to  hold  high  office  in  the 
Church:  and  before  Herbert  left  the  University, 
John  Milton  was  in  residence.  From  early  days, 
he  seemed  to  have  been  impressed  with  the 
great  personality  of  Andrewes:  Laud,  John 
Donne,  Thomas  Fuller  and  Isaac  Walton, 
who  wrote  his  life,  were  intimate  with  him  at 
one  time  or  another.  After  definitely  deciding 
to  take  Holy  Orders,  he  was  given  a  prebend 
of  which  the  estate  was  at  Leighton,  in  Hunting- 

69 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


denshire,  not  far  from  Little  Gidding,  where 
Nicholas  Ferrar  had  his  house,  and  here  the 
friendship  of  former  years  was  renewed  and 
more  firmly  cemented.  It  was,  however,  at 
Bemerton  that  his  writing  was  chiefly  done — 
he  had  been  presented  to  the  living  by  Charles 
I.  and  instituted  by  Davenant,  the  Bishop  of 
Salisbury:  for  years  as  Vicar  he  passed  the 
life  of  a  saint,  rejoicing  in  his  ministry,  in  his 
love  for  music,  and  in  frequent  visits  across  the 
meadows  to  his  beloved  Cathedral  Church.  The 
poems  known  as  -'The  Temple,"  which  he  has  left 
us,  reveal  the  beautiful  mind  of  one  who  was 
devoted  to  the  faith  and  teaching  of  the  Church 
of  England,  and  who  found  in  her  all  that  his 
soul  desired  in  the  aim  he  set  before  him  of  being 
a  faithful  servant  of  God.  Within  60  years  of 
his  death  more  than  20,000  copies  had  been  sold,- 
it  was  treasured  by  King  Charles  in  prison  and 
under  sentence  of  death:  and  the  book  still 
remains  a  monument  of  the  piety  and  beauty 
of  soul  of  the  writer,  who  lies  buried  under  the 
chancel  of  Bemerton  Church.  The  valuable  prose 
work  which  he  also  wrote,  "  The  Country 
Parson,"  was  not  published  until  after  his  death. 
Hichard  Richard  Sterne,  the  scholar  of  Trinity,  became 

Stern*       first  a  Fellow  of  Corpus  Christi,   and  later  on, 

(c.  1596-1683)  blaster  of  Jesus.     His  strong  royalist  sympathies 

brought    him    into    trouble    with    Cromwell,    by 

1620        whose  order  he  was  arrested  on  the  charge  of 

Jesus  1633.  sending  some  of  the  College  plate  to  the  King. 
As  a  result,  he  was  deprived  of  his  Mastership 
70 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


and  imprisoned  in  the  Tower :  he  was  able  to  be 
of  service  to  Archbishop  Laud,  and  he  attended 
the  ill-fated  prelate  at  his  execution.  At  the 
restoration,  his  Mastership  was  restored  to  him, 
and  he  subsequently  was  advanced  to  the  Sees 
of  Carlisle  and  York.  As  Bishop  he  had  much 
to  do  with  the  final  revision  of  the  Prayer  Book. 

Robert  Herrick,  the  Westminster  boy,  came  to 
S.  John's  in  1613,  and,  some  time  after,  migrated 
to  Trinity  Hall.  The  poems  which  he  wrote  were 
favourably  received  at  the  time,  and  are  marked 
in  many  cases  by  their  adaptability  to  musical 
setting.  They  bear  the  stamp  of  fresh  country 
life.  The  -'  Hesperides  "  and  "  Noble  Numbers  '^ 
(the  latter  consisting  chiefly  of  religious  pieces) 
are  his  chief  works.  He  is  said  to  have  been 
the  friend  of  Ben  Jonson. 

At  Sidney  Sussex  College,  "that  nursery  of 
Puritanism  "  as  Laud  called  it,  Oliver  Cromwell 
received  h'i,%  L^niversity  training  after  being 
educated  at  Huntingdon  Grammar  School.  At 
the  age  of  17,  on  the  day  on  which  Shakespeare 
died,  he  was  duly  enrolled  as  a  student,  and  the 
College  is  still  justly  proud  of  her  great  son, 
under  whose  guidance  the  People  rose  to  power. 
His  after  history  is  common  knowledge,  and 
there  is  need  alone  here  to  state  that  he  became 
M.P.  for  Cambridge  in  1640,  and  was  High 
Steward  of  the  town  from  1652  until  his  death. 

Less  widely  known  than  Harvey,  but  even 
now  largely  held  in  honour  by  the  medical  world, 
Francis  Glisson  was  another  of  those  great 
71 


Robert 

Herrick 

(1591-1674) 

S.  John's 

1613 

Trin.  H.1616 


Oliver 
Cromwell 

(1599-1658) 

Sid.  Sussex 

1616. 


Franp;i 

Glisson 

(1597-1677) 

Gon.  &  Caius 

1617. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

'doctors  trained  by  Gonville  and  Caius  College. 

Entering  in  1617,  he  took  the  degree  of  M.D., 

and     was     Regius     Professor     of     Physic     and 

President   of   the   College  of   Physicians.     Con^ 

tinuing  to  reside  at  Cambridge  for  many  years, 

he  lectured  on  anatomy,  and  published  a  valuable 

treatise  on  "  Rickets."     His  College,  for  which' 

he   had   great   affection,   benefited   by   his   will: 

he  lies  buried  in  S.  Bride's  Church,  Fleet  Street. 

John  John  Lightfoot,  who  came  to  Christ's  in  161 7 

Lightfoot     and  rose  to  be   Master  of   S.   Catharine's,   was 

(1602-1675)    one  of  those  cautious  biblical  critics  and  profound 

Chr.  1617    fjgbj.g^  scholars  whose  work  abides  by  virtue 

of  its  excellence.     He  was  the  friend  of  Samuel 

Clarke,  and  his  portrait  is  in  the  College  HalL 

Edmund  Edmund  Waller,   the   author  of   some   poetiq 

Waller       pieces,  came  as  an  Eton  man  to  King's  College, 

(1606-1687)    ^^^  ^^qJ^  ^^  degree.     His  royalist  leanings  were 

King's  1620  ,  J    u       •    •      ^    •  ,   .  .u 

pronounced,   and    he   joined   m   a    plot  on   the 

King's   behalf,  for  which  he  was  largely  fined. 

He  excelled  rather  as  a  courtier  than  as  a  poet, 

and  yet  he  produced  some  fair  pbems,  among 

which   may   be   mentioned,    "  Go    lovely    rose " 

and  a  sonnet  on  "  Old  age."     He  was  not  over 

steadfast   in   his   allegiance,    and   when   fortune 

favoured  Cromwell,  he  wrote  verses  in  his  favour. 

There  was  a  refinement  about  his  writing  which 

proved  attractive. 

Thomas  Fuller  The  well-known  writer,  Thomas  Fuller,  entered 
(1608-1661)    Queens'  College  in  1621,  at  the  age  of  13.     His 

Queens'  1621  uncle,  John  Davenant,  was  Master,  who  after 
holding  the  Margaret  Professorship,  had  been 
72 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

appointed  to  the  Bishopric  of  Salisbury.  Fuller 
seems  a  year  or  tWo  later  to  have  moved  to 
Sidney  Sussex,  but  neither  there  nor  at  Queens' 
was  he  made  Fellow.  Fojri  a  time,  he  was  Vicar  of 
S.  Benet's  in  the  town,  and  officiated  at  the 
funeral  of  Thomas  Hobson,  the  well-known  Cam- 
bridge carrier,  concerning  whom  was  coined  the 
phrase,  "  Hobson's  choice."  After  holding  the 
vicarage  of  Broad  Windsor,  he  removed  to 
London,  and  became  a  Chaplain  at  the  Savoy. 
He  was  the  author  of  many  works — **  History 
of  the  Holy  War,'^  '?  Pisgah  Sight  of  Palestine,'- 
*-  Worthies  of  England,"  and  --  Ecclesiastical  His? 
tory  of  Great  Britain,"  of  which  the  12th  volume 
is  a  history  of  the  University  of  Cambridge.  He 
was  well-known  as  a  great  preacher,  and  the 
King  admired  his  sermons.  But  it  was  the 
character  of  his  writing  which  made  him  famous : 
brimming  over  with  original  thought  and  spark- 
ling wit,  he  put  real  fun  into  all  he  wrote — what^ 
ever  he  touched  seemed  raised  and  transformed 
by  his  brilliant  remarks,  and  S.  T.  Coleridge 
remarks  of  him  that  '-  Next  to  Shakespeare  I 
am  not  certain  whether  Thomas  Fuller,  beyond 
all  others,  does  not  excite  in  me  the  sense  and 
emotion  of  the  marvellous."*  His  memory  was 
remarkable,  and  among  his  friends  were  John 
Lightfoot  and  Samuel  Pepys.  The  epitaph  he 
suggested  for  himself  was  "  Here  lies  Fuller's 
earth,"  and  he  himself  thus  describes  the  purpose 
for  which  he  fulfilled  his  great  task — "  To  gain 
*  ' '  Life  of  Thomas  Fuller, "  by  M.  Fuller,  pp.  184,  511,  383. 
73 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

some  glory  to  God:  to  'preserve  the  memories 
of  the  dead:  to  present  examples  to  the  living; 
to  entertain  the  reader  with  delight:  to  procure 
some  honest  profit  to  myself."*  Opposed  to 
Rome  on  the  one  hand  ^nd  to  Geneva  on  the 
other,  he  took  up  a  strong  Christian  position, 
and  most  earnestly  desired  to  do  his  duty. 
Thomas  After  being  at  Westminster,  Thomas  Randolph 

Eandoipli  was  placed  at  Trinity,  and  'became  Fellow.  In 
(1605-1635)  ggj^  Jonson  he  found,  a  great  and  generous 
friend,  and  was  well-known  at  the  University  as 
the  writer  of  poems  in  English  and  Latin,  and  as 
the  successful  organiser  of  some  plays  which 
were  performed.  During  his  short  life  of  30 
years,  which  in  some  ways  was  not  exemplary, 
he  gained  a  great  reputation,  and  is  remem- 
bered as  the  author  of  the  "  Conceited  Pedler,'' 
the  "  Jealous  Lovers,"  -'  The  Muses'  Looking 
Glasse." 
John  Milton  The  University  is  justly  proud  of  its  connection 
(1608-1674)  with  Milton,  who  has  gained  so  important  a 
Chr.  1625.  place  in  the  appreciation  of  Enghshmen,  and 
the  rooms  he  occupied  at  Christ's*  are  still  an 
object  of  the  greatest  interest.  He  had  been 
previously  trained  at  S.  Paul's  School,  and  at  an 
early  age  shewed  considerable  promise  in  the 
writing  of  verse  and  in  music.  Though  at  times, 
College  discipline  proved  irksome  to  him,  he  duly 
took  his  degree,  that  of  B.A.  in  1629  and  that 

*  "  Life  of  Thomas  Fuller,"  by  M.  Fuller,  pp.  184,  511.  383 

*  On  the  1st  floor  of  the  left  comer  of  the  first  court. 

74 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

of  M.A.  ill  1632.  He  had  already  as  an  under- 
graduate written  some  Latin  poems,  and  the 
'*  Ode  on  the  Nativity "  dates  also  from  this 
period.  ]  'assing  from  Cambridge  to  residence  at 
Horton,  lie  gave  to  the  world  "  L'Allegro  "  and 
i'  II  Penseroso  "  and  "  Comus  " :  in  memory 
of  Edward  King,  who,  as  Fellow  of  Christ's, 
had  been  Milton's  friend,  and  who  was  drowned 
on  a  voyage  to  Ireland,  he  contributed 
**  Lycidas."  His  fame  was  now  widespread:  for 
a  few  months  he  travelled  on  the  Continent, 
where  he  met  Grotius  and  Gahleo,  and  then  re- 
turned, not  for  a  time  to  write  poetry,  but  to  take 
part  in  the  political  disturbance  which  was  so 
deeply  moving  England  and  to  publish  several 
prose  works  that  were  strong  in  their  support  of 
the  Puritan  doctrines  which  he  had  espoused,  and 
into  which  he  threw  himself  with  such  vigour. 
The  blindness  that  threatened  was  now  becoming 
acute,  but  despite  the  domestic  trouble  and  the 
civil  anxieties  which  are  matters  of  common 
knowledge,  his  great  epic  ''  Paradise  Lost "  was 
published  in  1667.  By  it  he  at  once  placed 
himself  in  the  foremost  ranks  of  scholarly  Eng- 
lish poets,  and  he  enriched  the  world  of  poetry- 
consecrated  to  the  service  of  Christianity  with  a 
production  at  once  grand  and  noble  and  endur- 
ing. He  was  buried  in  the  Church  of  S.  Giles*, 
Cripplegate.  The  famous  mulberry  tree  at 
Christ's  is  said  to  have  been  planted  by  him, 
and  the  MS.  of  "  Comus "  and  "  Lycidas  '• 
in  the  poet's  handwriting,  much  interlined,  stiH 
is  preserved  in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College. 
75 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Thomas 

3rd  Lord 

Fairfax 

(1612-1671) 

S.  John's 

1626. 


Benjamin 

Whichoote 

(1609-1683) 

Emm.  1626 

King's  1644. 


In  1626,  Thomas  Fairfax  was  at  S.  John's.  His 
Cambridge  training  helped  on  his  literary  tastes 
and  throughout  his  active  life  he  continued  to 
write.  On  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  he  joined 
the  Parliamentary  forces:  he  became  one  of 
their  most  prominent  Generals,  and  was  engaged 
in  the  battles  of  Marston  Moor  and  Naseby. 
His  attachment  to  Cromwell  suffered  some 
diminution  as  time  went  on,  and  he  helped  to 
bring  about  the  restoration  of  Charles.  In  all 
he  did,  he  shewed  himself  to  be  a  man  of  honour 
and  a  courteous  and  refined  gentleman.  The 
motto  of  his  family,  aptly  chosen,  was 
''  Fare  .  .  .  fac "    '-'  Say  .  .  .  do." 

Benjamin  Whichcote,  the  Fellow  of  Emmanuel, 
was  one  who  largely  impressed  those  with 
whom  he  came  in  contact.  He,  to  some  extent, 
prepared  the  way  for  the  teaching  of  the  Cam- 
bridge Platonists.  Convinced  of  the  unity  of 
natural  and  revealed  truth  he  taught  that  Scrip- 
ture was  and  must  be  in  accord  with  reason, 
and  appealed  to  the  power  of  the  Christian 
life  as  a  most  important  evidence  of  the  truth 
of  the  religion  of  Christ.  He  ranks  rather  as 
a  thinker  than  a  writer,  and  has  left  a  name 
for  much  kindliness  of  heart  and  integrity  of  life. 
He  was  the  contemporary  of  Milton  and  Jeremy 
Taylor,  of  Barrow  and  Ray,  and  is  allowed  to  have 
largely  inspired  Smith,  More,  Cudworth,  and  Tillot- 
son.  He  succeeded,  as  Provost  of  King's,  one  who 
had  been  displaced  for  political  reasons,  and,  in 
his  turn,  was  himself  ejected  from  that  post. 

76 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

In   his    short    life,    John    Harvard,    who    died         John 
at  the   age   of  31,   contrived   to  achieve   results      Harvard 

of  the  greatest  moment.    Bom  of  poor  parentage  ^       '       ^ 

^,  ,„.,  ^ — — — -—      —  - — Emm.  1627. 

m  Southwark,  and  baptised  in  S.   Mary  Overy, 

now  Southwark  Cathedral,  he  came  to  Em- 
manuel in  1627,  while  Milton  was  at  Christ's, 
and  obtained  his  degree.  Ten  years  later,  he 
emigrated  to  New)  England,  and  becoming  a 
freeman  of  Charlestown,  engaged  in  earnest 
preaching.  He  was  possessed,  by  marriage,  of 
considerable  wealth,  and  formed  the  project 
of  turning  that  wealth  to  lofty  use  by  founding 
a  University,  and  thus  helping  others  to  enjoy 
that  learning  which  he  had  found  so  valuable  in 
the  old  country.  At  his  death  half  his  fortune, 
together  with  his  library,  went  to;  form  the 
nucleus  of  what  is  now  Harvard  University — and 
Cambridge  in  England  rejoices  at  the  prosperity 
of  the  new  Cambridge  in  Massachusetts,  and 
remembers  with  pride  the  name  of  Harvard, 
who  was  one  of  her  sons,  and  by  whose  effort  the 
University  of  Harvard  was  founded,  which  numbers 
among  its  roll  of  *' worthies"  the  names  of  Emerson, 
Longfellow,  Motley,  Lowell,  Phillips  Brooks,  Oliver 
Wendell  Holmes  and  Roosevelt.  The  connexion 
between  Cambridge  and  Harvard  has  frequently 
been  emphasized.  A  boat  race  was  rowed  in  1 906 
between  crews  from  both  Universities,  and  a 
visit  was  paid  next  day  by  the  Harvard  crew  to 
Emmanuel  College.  In  1907  a  chapel  in  South- 
wark Cathedral  was  restored  in  memory  of 
Harvard,  and  adorned  with  a  stained  window. 
77 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

JeremyTaylor  Jeremy  Taylor,  who  was  bred  and  born  at 
(1613-1667)   Cambridge   of   humble    parentage,    and    one    of 

Gon.  &  Cams  ^j^g  earlier  pupils  at  the  school  then  recently 
founded  in  the  town  by  Dr.  Perse,  is  remem- 
bered not  only  as  a  great  and  pious  Churchman, 
but  as  one  of  the  finest  of  Enghsh  prose  writers. 
Receiving  his  training  at  Gonville  and  Caius, 
he  rose  to  be  Fellow,  and  had  for  his  contem- 
poraries Milton,  George  Herbert,  Fuller,  and 
Crashaw.  Early  in  life,  Taylor  attracted  notice 
as  a  rising  preacher.  Laud  did  not  fail  to 
recognise  his  merits,  and  elected  him  to  preach, 
at  S.  Paul's,  where  Donne's  memory  was  still  in 
high  renown.  All  Souls'  College,  Oxford,  made 
him  one  of  their  Fellows,  and  by  the  patronage 
of  King  Charles  and  of  Juxon,  he  received  the 
living  of  Uppingham.  Thence  he  betook  him- 
self to  an  estate  in  Wales  known  as  'the  Golden 
Grove,  and  applied  himself  assiduously  to  writing. 
'^Thc  Liberty  of  Prophesying,"  "The  Great 
Exemplar,"  "  Holy  Living  and  Dying,"  "  The 
Golden  Grove  "  and  the  less  known  but  valuable 
work,  "  Clerus  Domini,*'  came  from  his  pen. 
The  times  were  troubled,  and  Taylor  was  for  a 
time  imprisoned:  for  the  full  churchmanship 
which  possessed  him  was  far  from  being  accept- 
able to  those  in  authority.  Eventually  he  went 
to  Ireland,  where  he  published  his  great  work, 
•'  Ductor  Dubitantium  " ;  and  was  shortly  after 
made  Bishop  of  Down  and  Connor.  In  his 
diocese  he  was  but  coldly  received :  the  adherents 
of  the  Roman  faith  would  not,  and  the  Presby- 
78 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

terians  could  not,  acknowledge  him :  but  notwith- 
standing these  trials  he  energetically  set  to  work 
to  uphold  Church  principles  and  faith.  In 
London,  his  preaching  was  greatly  admired,  as 
Evelyn  testifies,  and  by  a  large  body  of  educated 
Churchmen  his  ministrations  were  eagerly  sought. 
As  a  writer  he  was  held  in  great  renown,  and 
there  are  those  who  group  him  with  Shakespeare, 
Bacon,  and  Milton.  Thoroughly  versed  in  the 
classics,  and  revelling  in  quotation  and  wealth 
of  illustration,  he  wrote  much  that  will  always  be 
admired  for  its  simple  beauty  and  charm  of 
style.  The  divine  who  preached  his  funeral  serr 
mon  spake  truly,  even  if  in  over  adulation,  when 
he  described  him  as  having  "  devotion  enough 
for  a  cloister,  learning  enough  for  a  University, 
and  wit  enough  for  a  college  of  virtuosi."* 

The  Caroline  divines  never  despaired  of  the        Peter 
future    of    the    Church    of    England.     In  theii?     Gunning 
minds  there  was   a    clear  understanding  as  tQ    C1614-168  ) 
what  she  had  parted  with  during  the  unsettled  ' 

period  of   the   Reformation,   and  what   she  had         ^^qq^ 
retained.     In  their  view,  the  Church  freed  from     S.  John's 
Roman  accretions,   and   judiciously  saved  from        1661. 
foreign  Protestant  novelties,  seemed  to  have    a, 
great  future  before  her  in  the  carefully  adjusted 
fulness    of    her    Catholic    heritage,     and    their 
optimism  has  not  been  misplaced.    One  of  those 
who  proved  a  tower  of  strength  to  her  cause  was 
Gunning,  who  coming  from  the  King's   School, 
Canterbury,  became  Fellow  of   Clare,   and  was 
*  "  Jeremy  Taylor,"  Edmund  Gosse,  p.  210. 
79 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

eventually  Bishop  of  Ely.  His  strong  royalist 
views  caused  him  to  be  deprived  of  his  Fellow- 
ship, as  well  as  of  the  Vicarage  of  S.  Mary-the- 
Less  in  the  town.  The  royal  cause  might  be 
unpopular,  but  Gunning  was  not  the  man  to 
flinch :  he  preached  before  the  Court  and  proved 
such  an  attraction  at  the  Chapel  of  Exeter  House 
in  the  Strand,  that  even  Cromwell  was  obliged 
to  leave  him  unmolested.  The  Chapel  became  a 
royalist  centre,  and  when  the  tide  turned^ 
Gunning  quickly  rose  to  power — first  as  Master 
of  Corpus  and  Margaret  Professor,  shortly  after 
as  Master  of  S.  John's  and  Regius  Professor,  and 
then  as  Bishop  of  Chichester,  a  See  which  he  soon 
left  for  Ely — where  he  proved  a  strong  prelate 
and  conscientious  worker.  Fair-minded  and 
noted  for  his  holiness  of  life,  he  gained  the  re- 
spect of  Evelyn,  and  nearly  all  the  great  men  of 
his  day,  and  is  credited  with  writing  the  prayer 
"  For  all  sorts  and  conditions  of  men." 
Eichard  Richard  Crashaw,  the  contemporary  of  Jeremy 

Crashaw  Taylor,  Milton,  George  Herbert,  Thomas  Fuller 
(c.  1613-1649)  ^j^^  Henry;  More,  received  his  education  at 
Pembroke,  after  being  at  Charterhouse.  He 
became  Fellow  of  Peterhouse,  but  was  expelled 
owing  to  his  refusal  to  subscribe  the  Solemn 
League  and  Covenant,  and  eventually  he  joined 
the  Roman  Church.  He  was  the  friend  of 
Abraham  Cowley  and  of  Nicholas  Ferrar,  whom 
he  used  to  visit  at  Little  Gidding.  The  poems 
which  he  wrote  possess  considerable  merit,  and 
both  Milton  and  Pope  admired  his  work. 
80 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Henry  More,  who  after  a  training  at  Eton,  Htury  ]C«r* 
entered  Christ's  just  at  the  time  when  Milton  (1614-1687) 
left,  is  remembered  as  a  philosopher,  and  as  one 
of  the  greatest  of  the  band  of  Cambridge 
Platonists.  A  Fellowship  was  bestowed  upon 
him,  and  in  this  position  he  passed  a  happy 
life,  and  refused  the  many  high  posts  which 
he  was  urged  to  accept.  Refined  in  taste  and 
averse  to  controversy,  he  yet  boldly  defended 
the  Church  to  which  he  belonged.  Loving 
solitude  and  strongly  inclined  to  mysticism,  he 
w:as  a  man  of  common  sense  and  exercised  con- 
siderable influence.  His  writings,  and  especially 
his  "  Divine  Dialogues,"  attained  to  great  popu- 
larity and  were  widely  read  by  those  who 
revolted  from  the  dogmatism  of  Geneva,  but 
admired  the  full  glory  of  the  practical  Christian 
life.    He  was  buried  in  the  Chapel  of  his  College 

Pearson's    "  Exposition    of   the    Creed "    is    a  john  Pearsom 

widely-known  work,  and  if  a  proof  of  the  author's    (1613-1686) 

great  learning  were  needed,  it  would  be  found  Qu^^^s*  163 1 

in  the  fact  that  these  weighty  essays  on  the  great       ^^  ^ 
^^  .    .  ,  .   .     „  ,     ,     Jesus  1660 

Christian  truths  were  originally  sermons  preached  «,  .  ..     .^^ 

at  a  city  church.  Coming  from  Eton  to  Queens', 

and  then  in  the  following  year  becoming  scholar 

of  King's,  and  in  due  course  Fellow,  he  subser 

quently    held    the    posts    of    Master    of    Jesus, 

Margaret     Professor,     and    finally      Master     of 

Trinity.     The  son  of  a  country  clergyman,  and 

born  in   the   same  year  as   Jeremy  Taylor,   he 

bad  throughout  the  whole  of  his  life  a  great  love 

of  work,   and  the  knowledge   he   acquired   was 

8i 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Balpli 
Cndworth 

(1^17-1688) 
Emm.  1632 
Clare  1645 
Chr.  1654. 


wide.  He  was  the  pure  theologian  rather  than 
the  preacher:  accepting  certain  truths  as  of 
authority,  he  proceeded  to  build  up  by  logical 
inference,  a  system  of  teaching  which  embraced 
all  spiritual  facts.  With  the  precision  of  Euclid 
he,  in  his  particular  science  of  theology,  pos- 
tulated, argued,  and  drew  conclusions,  never 
hesitating  to  speak  with  firmness  as  a  master  of 
his  subject.  He  built  on  no  narrow  or  restricted 
foundation :  recognising  the  importance  of  Creeds 
and  Fathers,  as  well  as  that  of  Scripture,  he 
took  a  wide  view  of  the  truth.  '^  Have  done," 
he  once  advised,  *'with  the  morbid  restlessness 
of  the  present  day:  shun  all  attempts  at  novelty: 
enquire  what  was  from  the  beginning,  consult* 
the  sources,  have  recourse  to  antiquity,  go  back 
to  the  Fathers,  look  to  the  Primitive  Church."* 
It  was  teaching  such  as  this  which  made  his  work 
so  powerful.  Grave,  calm,  and  cautious,  he 
went  on  his  way,  and  as  Bishop  of  Chester,  was 
a  great  support  to  the  Church.  His  '-Vin- 
dication of  the  Ignatian  Epistles  "  was  a  most 
able  production,  and  all  that  he  wrote  was  good. 
Bentley,  in  a  charming  phrase,  spoke  of  "  Pear- 
son, the  dust  of  whose  writings  is  gold." 

Ralph  Cudworth,  whose  father  had  been  Vicar 
of  S.  Andrew's  in  the  town,  has  left  a  name  as 
philosopher,  and  leader  of  the  Cambridge  Plato- 
nists.  Elected  at  first  Fellow  and  Tutor  of 
Emmanuel,  he  passed  on  to  be  Master  of  Clare, 
Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew,  and  subsequently 


*  Works — Edited  by  Churton,  ii. 
82 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Master  of  Christ* s.  His  great  learning  caused 
some  heaviness  in  his  writings,  but  his  work 
-'  The  True  Intellectual  System  of  the  Uni- 
verse "  was  an  effort  of  great  power.  All  along^ 
he  was  the  stout  opponent  of  Hobbes,  and  upheld 
a  reasonable  Christian  faith:  all  that  he  wrote 
told  strongly  against  Fatalism  and  advanced 
Calvinism,  and  he  takes  high  place  among  thQ 
roll  of  learned  English  divines.  He  was  buried 
in  Christ's  Chapel  by  the  side  of  Henry  More* 

Jeremiah   Horrocks,    who   during  a  short   life     Jeremiah 
gave  evidence  of  the  highest  ability,  striving  all     Horrocks 
the  while  against  adverse  circumstances,  came  (c- ^^i 7-1641) 
to   Emmanuel   as    Sizar   in    1632,   but   took    no   Emm.  1632. 
degree.     Had  he  lived  it  is  Icertain  that  he  would 
have  reached  eminence  in  astromony,   and  his 
account   of   the    Transit    of    Venus    across    the 
Sun,   which  he   watched  between  the   enforced 
Sunday   sefvices    which    claimed    his    attention, 
gives   evidence   of   the   gt-eat   capacity   he   had. 
With  little  but  his  own  enthusiasm  to  help  him, 
in  his  short  life  of  23  years,  he  impressed  those 
who  knew  him  as  almost  the  equal  of  Kepler,  and 
h!s  special  gifts  were  commemorated  on  a  tablet 
in  Westminster  Abbey,  which  testifies  to  Dean 
Stanley's  care  to  note,  and  desire  to  recognise, 
the  greatness   of  an  almost  unknown  genius. 

John    Wallis,    another    great    mathematician,   john  Wallis 
came  from   Felsted  to  Emmanuel  in   the  same    (1616-1703) 
year  as  Horrocks,  whose  works  he  was  subset   Emm.  1632. 
quently  to  edit.     He  knew  Pepys,  and  becoming 
Fellow    of    Queens',    assisted    in   the    formation 

83 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

of  the  Royal  Society,  and  then  w^as  appointed 
by     Cromwell     to     be     Savilian     Professor    of 
Geometry   in   the    University   of   Oxford.       His 
reputation   was   great   and   his   memory   pheno- 
menal, and  he  ranks  as  one  of  the  ablest  Eng^ 
U'sh  mathematicians  prior  to  Newton,  who  had 
great   regard   for   his   work.     He   is   buried   in 
S.  Mary's  Church,  Oxford. 
Seth  Ward        Seth  Ward,   mathematician,   and  Bishop  sub- 
(1617-1689)    quently  of  Exeter  and  of  Salisbury,  was  Fellow 
Sid.  Sussex    ^f  Sidney.     The  contemporary  of  Cosin  and  the 
friend  of   Samuel  Ward,   and  of  Oughtred,   hef 
took  part,  with  Gunning  and  Barrow,  in  their* 
opposition  to  the  Solemn  League  and  Covenant, 
Deprived  of  his  Fellowship  in  consequence,   he 
withdrew  to  Oxford,  and  became  there  Savilian 
Professor  of  Astronomy  and  President  of  Trinity. 
The  work  that  he  did  as  a  mathematical  writer 
was  regarded   very  favourably,  and  he  helped 
in   the   founding   of   the   Royal    Society.       He 
possessed  many  social  gifts,  and  was  throughout 
his    career   admired   as   a   manly,  good-hearted 
prelate. 
Nathaniel         Another  who  belonged  to  the  body  of  Cam- 
Culverwell    bridge  Platonists,  was  Nathaniel  Culverwell,  the 
(o.  1616-1651)  Fellow  of  Emmanuel.     He  was  in  intimate  friend- 
Emm.  1633.  gj^jp  ^.^j^  Cudworth,  Whichcote,  and  John  Smith, 
all  of  whom  were  Emmanuel  men,  and  his  writ- 
ings were  among  the  most  important  published 
by    his    school.       He    was    recognised    as    an 
accomplished   scholar,   and   his   most   renowned 
book  was  "  Discourse  of  the  Light  of  Nature." 
84 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Trin.  1633. 


The  family  of  Marvell  had  been  connected  Andrew 
with  the  neighbourhood  of  Cambridge  before  Marvell 
Andrew  Marvell  came  up  to  Trinity  at  the  early  l^^^^'}^l^^ 
age  of  13.  As  a  resident  here,  he  made  the 
acquaintance  of  Milton,  to  whom  in  subsequent 
years  he  became  assistant.  Later  in  life,  he 
also  enjoyed  the  friendship  of  Cromwell,  Fair^ 
fax,  and  Dry  den.  His  name  is  remembered  as 
a  writer  of  prose,  poetry,  and  satire.  Probably 
he  shone  most  in  prose ;  his  poetry  also  possessed 
merit  and  clearly  bore  the  impress  of  the  school 
in  which  Milton  excelled.  In  1659,  he  entered 
the  Commons  as  Member  for  Hull,  where  his 
father  had  been  clergyman,  and  worked  for 
"  Liberty,"  but  his  speeches  were  few.  He  lies 
buried  in    S.    Giles'-in-the-Fields. 

Alike  by  pen  and  paint  brush,  the  committal 
of  the   Seven   Bishops  to  the  Tower  has   been 


William 
Sancroft 


made  known,  and  the  event  has  fastened  on  the  ^^^17-1693) 
mind  of  the  nation.  Sancroft,  who  as  Arch-  ^^' 
bishop  of  Canterbury,  figured  largely  in  the 
matter,  had  come  in  early  days  from  school 
at  Bury  St.  Edmund's  to  Emmanuel,  where  hi$ 
uncle  was  Master.  He  was  elected  Fellow,  and 
after  being  Chaplain  to  Cosin  became  Master 
himself.  England  owes  a  debt  to  him,  for  it 
fell  to  his  lot  as  Dean  of  S.  Paul's,  to  arrange, 
in  company  with  Wren,  for  the  building  of  the 
new  S.  Paul's,  which  the  recent  fire  had  ren- 
'dered  a  necessity.  Raised,  after  his  successful 
effort,  to  be  Archbishop,  he  found  difficult  work 
awaiting  him.  He  attended  Charles  on  his 
85 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

death-bed  and  crowned  King  James :  everywhere 
under  his  fostering  care  the  cause  of  learning[ 
advanced,  but  in  due  course  a  stand  had  to  be 
made  against  the  Romanising  tendencies  of 
James.  Stout  churchman  as  Bancroft  was,  an(i 
endowed  with  great  activity,  he  had  not  the 
slightest  intention,  if  he  could  help  it,  of  ever 
again  allowing  England  to  be  brought  under 
the  heel  of  Rome.  Courageously  and  manfully, 
he  withstood  the  King's  attempt  to  restore  the 
Papal  power,  and  passed  with  his  six  suffragans 
to  imprisonment  in  the  Tower,  where  he,  most 
of  all  his  brethren,  displayed  fortitude.  Their 
release  was  hailed  with  joy  by  the  populace. 
Soon  after  came  the  flight  of  James  and  the 
landing  of  William.  Further  troubles  awaited 
the  Archbishop,  for  deeming  James  even  in  exile 
to  be  his  rightful  sovereign,  he  found  himself 
unable  to  take  the  oath  to  William.  Deprive^ 
by  the  new  monarch,  who  put  Tillotson  in  his 
place,  he  clung  for  a  time  to  Lambeth,  and 
when  finally  he  was  ousted,  still  claimed  to 
be  Archbishop,  and  refused  to  recognise  what 
had  been  done. 
John  John  Hutchinson,   the   Puritan,   who   came  to 

Hutchinson    Peterhouse  about  1635,  figured  largely  in  later 
(1615-1664)    years  during  all  the  troubles  through  which  the 
^**^'         ■  nation  passed.     Adhering  to  the  Parliamentary 
party,  he  became  Governor  of  Nottingham,  and 
defended    the    Castle    there    with    great    ability 
during  the  siege.     As  one  of  the  commissioners 
for  the  trial  of  the    King,  he,    with   difficulty, 
86 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


brought    himself    to    sign    the    warrant    for    the 

royal  execution,  and  soon  after  withdrew  from 

the   anti-royalist   side   and   retired   from   public 

life.       His    wife,    Lucy,    wrote  the    well-known 

"  Memoirs." 

John  Smith,  another  of  the  Cambridge  Platonists,    John  Smith 

entered  Emmanuel   under   Whichcote,   and  later  (1618-1652) 

became  Fellow  of  Queens'.      He  wrote  well,  and   ^'""'-  ^^^^ 

Queens'  1644 
his  "  Select  Discourses  "  were  widely  appreciated. 

Of    high     aspiration     and     markedly     religious 

character,  he  was  much  beloved  during  his  short 

life. 

The   poetic   gifts    of    Abraham    Cowley    were     Abraham 
manifest  at  an  early  age,  and  some  plays  of  his       Cowley 
were  acted  before  the  members  of  the  Univer-    (1618-1667) 
sity   while   he    was    in   residence.     He   became    ''*"'^-  ^^^^ 
Fellow  of  Trinity,  but  was  ejected  at  the  out- 
break of  the  Civil  War,  owing  to  his   royalist 
tendencies.     He  was  highly  thought  of  by  his 
contemporaries,  and  yet  can  hardly  be  regarded 
as    a  great  writer.       His  '*  Davideis,"  much  of 
which   was    written    at    Cambridge,   the    "  Pin- 
darique  Odes,"  and  some  writings  in  prose,  are 
his   chief   works.      He   possessed  the   friendship 
of  Dryden  and  Evelyn,  and  is  buried  in  West- 
minster   Abbey    by    the    side    of    Chaucer   and 
Spenser. 

Thomas  Wharton  was  placed  at  Pembroke  in      Thomas 
1638.     Becoming  Fellow  of  the  Royal  College  of     Whartoa 
Physicians  in  1650,  he  was  some  nine  years  later    (1614-1673) 
appointed    Physician    of    S.    Thomas'    Hospital. 
He  gained  great  renown  as  an  anatomist,  and 

87 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

his  name  is  remembered  in  medical  science  now. 
He  was  a  friend  of  Oughtred  and  Isaac  Walton, 
and  was  one  of  the  few  doctors  who  remained 
in  London  right  through  the  plague. 
Six  Franeis       The  village  of  Trumpington  is  known  to  all 
Fembcrton    Cambridge  men.  Within  its  walls,  and  around  it 
(1625-1697)   lig  buried  several  well-known  men.     One  of  those 
buried   there   is    Sir    Francis   Pemberton,    who 
passed  an  eventful  life  in  the  legal  world.     He 
was  at  school  at  S.  Albans,  came  to  Emmanuel 
in  1640,  and  then  read  for  the  Bar.     A  consider- 
able difference  arose  later  on  between  him  and 
the  House  of  Commons  jas  to  his  practising  at 
the    Bar    of  the  House    of    Lords.       He    was 
appointed  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the  King's  Bench 
in  1 68 1,  but  trouble  ensued  and  he  was  removed 
from  that  post  and  also  from  the  Privy  Council 
Two  noteworthy  cases  came  before  him.       The 
University  consulted  him  as  to  the  legality  of 
admitting  to  the   degree  of   M.A.   the   Benedic- 
tine monk,  Alban  Francis,  and  he  was   called 
upon  to   defend  the  seven  Bishops  against  the 
charge  of  disobeying  the  injunctions  of  James 
II.       Pemberton  was    eventually    tried    for    the 
causes   which   had   brought   him  into   notoriety, 
and  was  imprisoned   1689. 
Isaac  Surrow      Isaac  Barrow,  the  man  of  brief  but  most  bril- 
(1630-1677)    liant  career,  was  educated  at  Charterhouse,  where 
Tnn.  1643.    j^g  gained  the  reputation  of  being  a  troublesome 
boy,  and  later  on  passed  to  Felsted  and  Trinity. 
He  was  soon  made  Fellow,  and  his  attainments 
became  widely  known.     At   the  restoration,   he 
88 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

was  appointed  Professor  of  Greek,  and  almost 
immediately  afterwards  Lucasian  Professor  of 
Mathematics,  a  fact  which  is  sufficient  evidence 
of  his  great  ability.  Some  six  years  passed, 
and  on  conscientious  grounds  he  decided  to 
devote  himself  entirely  to  theological  work,  and 
Isaac  Newton,  for  whom  Barrow  had  the 
greatest  admiration,  succeeded  him  in  the 
Lucasian  chair.  Later  on  King  Charles  ap- 
pointed him  to  the  Mastership  of  Trinity,  saying 
he  had  chosen  the  best  scholar  in  England 
for  the  post.  Barrow  refused  to  take  advantage 
of  the  permission  to  marry,  and  devoted  himself 
to  ardent  study;  he  became  noted  as  a  great 
scholar  and  philosopher,  and  as  a  scientist  second 
only  to  Newton.  His  sermons  were  efforts  of 
enormous  brain  power,  and  the  King  in  this 
respect  described  him  as  "  an  unfair  preacher, 
because  he  exhausted  every  topic,  and  left  no 
room  for  anything  new  to  be  said  by  anyone 
who  came  after  him.*'  His  sermons  were  also 
allowed  to  be  of  inordinate  length,  lasting  in 
some  cases  for  over  three  hours,  and  the  authori- 
ties of  Westminster  Abbey,  so  the  story  goes, 
were  once  so  wearied  by  his  prolixity  that  they 
caused  the  organ  to  drown  his  utterance.  His 
printed  sermons,  however,  are  still  regarded  as 
masterpieces,  and  his  "  Treatise  on  the  Pope's 
Supremacy "  is  looked  on  as  a  brilliant  piece 
of  controversial  work.  He  died  while  on  a  visit 
to  Westminster,  and  is  buried  in  the  south' 
transept  of  the  Abbey. 

89 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

John  Ray         S.    Catharine's   for   a   time   gave   a   home    to 

(1627-1705)   John  Ray.     He  was  the  son  of  a  Braintree  black- 

■     ^*  '      smith,    and     later    became    Fellow    of    Trinity 

1644  .  ^ 

Trin  1646.    ^^  same  time  as  Isaac  Barrow,  who   much 

admired  him.  His  learning  on  many  subjects 
was  wide,  and  he  proved  himself  a  most  capable 
and  scientific  botanist.  He  formed  a  great 
friendship  with  Francis  Willughby,  his  junior 
by  some  eight  years,  but  of  the  same  college, 
and  these  itwo  men  together  carried  on  most 
important  and  detailed  investigations,  both  at 
home  and  abroad,  Ray  devoting  his  attention  to 
plants,  and  Willughby  to  animals.  Modern 
knowledge  is  greatly  indebted  to  them  for  the 
observations  they  made,  and  both  Cuvier  and 
Gilbert  White,  of  Selborne,  praised  the  work 
they  did. 

Sir  William       William  Temple,   who  entered  Emmanuel  in 
Temple       1644  as  a  pupil  of  Ralph  Cudworth,  passed  on 

(1628-1699)    X.O  h^  instrumental  in  various  important  diplor 

Emm.  1644.  .  ,         ,  •  •   tt       1      •  1 

matic  undertakings,  especially  during  the  reign 

of  William  and  Mary.    After  a  while  he  retired 
into  private  life,   and  spent  his  time  in  miscel- 
laneous  writing,   the   style   of   which   possesses 
some  attraction:   his  works  received  varied  ap- 
preciation from  Swift,  Chesterfield,  Samuel  John- 
son,   and    Charles    Lamb.      He    is    buried    in 
Westminster  Abbey. 
John  Peachell      It  fell  to  the  lot  of  Peachell,  the   Master  of 
(1630-1690)    Magdalene,  to  be  Vice-Chancellor  of  the  Uni- 
Magd.  1645.  yersity  when  James  II.  demanded  that  the  degree 
of  M.A.  should  be  granted  to  the  Benedictine 
90 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

monk,  Alban  Francis,  a  man  of  meagre  attain- 
ments, and  unprepared  to  take  the  necessary 
oaths.  As  the  authorities  refused  at  the  bidding 
of  the  King  to  relax  their  rule,  trouble  ensued 
and  Peachell  was  duly  summoned  before  the 
Lords  Commissioners  in  London,  who  gave 
judgment  against  Peachell  and  further  deprived 
him  of  his  mastership  and  deposed  him  from 
being  Vice-Chancellor.  He  was,  however,  later 
on,  restored  to  his  mastership,  but  left  no  good 
record  behind  him.  He  lies  buried  in  Magda- 
lene Chapel. 

John  Spencer,   who   was  Scholar,  Fellow,  and  John  Speitc«r 
subsequently  Master  of  Corpus  Christi,  was  one    (1630-1693) 

of   those    valuable   workers   whose   efforts    have      ^^^'      ^' 

1645. 
thrown  light  on  the  distant  past.      It  is  difficult 

to  realise  the  enormous  labour  which  Spencer 
must  have  undertaken  in  his  effort  to  trace  the 
connexion  between  Jewish  rites  and  the  religious 
ceremonies  of  other  ancient  empires.  His  great 
work,  -'  De  Legibus  Hebraeorum,"  remains  a 
monument  of  his  toil.  He  was  a  great  bene- 
factor to  his  College,  and  lies  buried  in  the 
Chapel. 

The  teaching  of  the  Cambridge  Platonists  had  JohnTillotsoi. 
considerable  influence  on  John  Tillotson,   who   (1630-1694) 
came  to  Clare  while  Cudworth  was  Master,  an4    ^^^^^  ^^^'^' 
in  due  course  was  appointed  Fellow.    He  married 
a   niece   of    Cromwell.      An   excellent    preacher 
he  certainly  was,  and  in  a  way  he  was  popular; 
his    appreciation    of    the    appeal    to    reason    in 
matters  of  religion  gained  him  many  admirers, 
91 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

but  the  high  office  which  was,  against  his  will, 
forced  upon  him,  would  more  fitly  have  been 
held  by  one  who  had  a  greater  appreciation 
of  the  mind  of  the  English  Church.  As  succes- 
sor in  the  Primacy  to  the  deprived  Sancroft,  he 
was  bound  to  be  disliked,  and  the  opposition 
hurt  his  inmost  soul :  despite  his  holiness,  he  was 
hardly  a  success  as  Archbishop. 
Edward  Stillingfleet,  the  Fellow  of  S.   John's,   upheld 

stillingfleet  the  well  approved  Anglican  principles  of 
(1635-1699)  Andrewes,  and  rose  to  be  Dean  of  S.  Paul's 
S.  John's  ^^^  Bishop  of  Worcester.  Thoroughly  capable, 
of  handsome  mien,  and  an  excellent  preacher,  he 
proved  successful  in  all  he  undertook,  and  gained 
wide  respect.  Bentley  was  his  Chaplain,  and 
Pepys  and  Burnet  both  admired  him.  His  desire 
was  to  promote  peace,  and  for  this  purpose  he 
wrote  the  **  Irenicum."  His  "  Origines  Sacrae  '• 
was  an  attempt  to  prove  the  trustworthiness 
of  the  Scriptures,  and  he  also  entered  into  a 
metaphysical  discussion  with  Locke,  and  pub- 
lished many  controversial  works.  His  hold  upon 
the  Church  was  very  greaf,  and  his  reputation 
for  mental  power  was  so  widespread,  that 
many  would  gladly  have  seen  him  raised  to  the 
Primacy  instead  of  Tenison. 
John  Bryden  John  Dryden,  who  had  been  at  Westminster 
(1631-1700)  under  Busby,  who  flogged  him  with  energy,  came 
to  Trinity  as  scholar  in  1650.  He  formed  a  dose 
friendship  with  Pepys.  His  circumstances  in 
early  life  were  not  affluent  and  he  had  to  gain 
his  living  by  the  constant  writing  of  drama. 
92 


Trin.  1650. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

He  seems  to  have  been  at  his  best  in  tragedy: 

his   comedies,    unfortunately,    are  largely   spoilt 

by  wilful  coarseness,  of  which,  however,  he  had 

the   grace    to    be   ashamed.      Later    in   life    he 

published    the    poetical    satire,    *'  Absalom    and 

Achitophel " :     he     himself     shortly     afterwards 

embraced     the      Roman      faith,      and      "  The 

Hind  and  the   Panther "   quickly  followed.  His 

prose  writing  is  said  to  have  been  influenced  by 

Tillotson,    and    among  his    other    works    were 

translations    of    Virgil    and    Juvenal.     He    can 

hardly  be   called  supremely  great,  although  he 

had    a  distinct   power    of    writing    the    English 

heroic  couplet,  and  his  versification  was  often 

extremely  dignified. 

Save  in  very  special  cases,  he  is  a  wise  man  Samuel  Pepys 

who  burns   his    diary  before  his   death.     State-    (1633-1703) 

ments  and  remarks  jotted  down,  often  with  little  ^""*  ^"  ^^^^ 
.  ,  ,         ,   ,  1  •      .  Magd.  1652. 

thought  and  for  purely  private  purposes,  appear 

garish    and    ill-judged    when    scanned    by    the 

public  eye.     And  yet  the  world  would  have  been 

poorer  without  the  well  known  diary  of  Pepys. 

Interesting  it  must  ever  be  as  a  wonderful  record 

of  men  and  things,  intensely  clever  in  its  detailed 

description  of  the  life  and  manners  of  the  time, 

valuable,  to  a  degree,  in  its  estimate  of  much 

that  took  place:  and  yet  the  inherent  danger  of 

publishing  a  diary  is  evident  even  here.     Pepys 

had  been  connected  with  Cottenham,  and  also 

with   S.    Paul's   School  in   London.       Later  on, 

after  being  for  a  tfae  at  Trinity  Hall,  he  became 

scholar  of  Magdalene.     To  the  latter  College  he 

93 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


left  his  valuable  library,  which,  housed  in  a  special 
building  and  remaining  to  the  present  day 
almost  exactly  as  he  left  it,  is  one  of  the  treasr 
ures  of  the  Society.  Marrying  early,  Pepys 
obtained  the  post  of  Clerk  of  the  King's  ships, 
and  in  this  naval  environment,  with  every  oppor- 
tunity for  acquiring  vast  information,  he  con- 
tinued for  ten  years  to  compile  his  "  Diary " 
in  a  manner  all  his  own.  He  subsequently 
became  Secretary  of  the  Admiralty,  and 
entered  the  House  of  Commons.  He  was 
friends  with  Newton,  Evelyn,  Hans  Sloane,  and 
Christopher  Wren,  and  knew  all  the  interesting 
characters  of  his  day.  Dying  at  the  age  of 
70,  he  was  buried  in  S.  Olave's,  Hart  Street, 
in  the  City. 
William  William  Beveridge,  who  entered  S.  John's  as 

BcTcridge  Sizar  in  1653,  is  remembered  for  his  writings  and 
(1637-1708)  jjjg  staunch  English  churchmanship.  He  was 
gifted  with  a  power  of  research,  and  yet  can 
hardly  be  deemed  a  great  scholar.  He  began 
by  being  an  eager  student  of  Oriental  languages, 
and  shortly  published  "  Institutiones  Chrono- 
logicas "  and  a  large  collection  of  Apostolic 
Canons  and  Decrees  of  the  Greek  Church.  On 
the  vacancy  in  the  See  of  Bath  and  Wells, 
owing  to  the  deprivation  of  Thomas  Ken  he 
was  offered  the  Bishopric,  but  refused  it  on 
conscientious  grounds.  Later  on  he  became 
Bishop  of  S.  Asaph.  He  was  the  author  of 
-'  Private  Thoughts  on  Religion,"  and  his  piety 
and  holiness  of  life  were  universally  recognised; 
94 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Thomas  Tenison,  who  was  born  near  Cam- 
bridge, became  in  due  course,  Fellow  of  Corpus. 
For  a  time  he  was  Vicar  of  S.  Andrews  in  the 
town,  and  an  excellent  parish  priest  he  proved 
In  such  work  he  was  very  capable,  and  Evelyn 
admired  his  preaching  power,  but  his  elevation 
to  the  Bishopric  of  Lincoln  was  apparently 
a  failure,  and  his  removal  to  Canterbury  in 
succession  to  Tillotson,  was  again  of  doubtful 
expediency.  Tenison  attended  Queen  Mary 
on  her  death-bed  and  crowned  Queen  Anne  and 
George  L :  but  in  the  Church  he  was  unpopular. 
He  helped  on  the  newly-founded  body  for  the 
Propagation  of  the  Gospel  and  other  Societies: 
but  while  there  was  much  that  was  good  in  himj 
he  can  hardly  be  described  as  brilliant. 

In  the  same  year  Francis  Willughby  came  to 
Trinity.  He  is  remembered  as  the  scientist  who 
had  a  great  capacity  and  love  for  experimental 
work,  and  whose  life  was  closely  bound  up  with 
that  of  John  Ray,  whom  he  so  greatly  admired 
.With  much  knowledge  of  animal  life,  he  helped  to 
make  natural  science  at  once  methodical  and 
accurate.  He  died  at  the  early  age  of  37,  and 
a  bust  of  him  exists  in  the  library  of  Trinity 
College. 

The  name  of  Thomas  Shadwell  was  placed  on 
the  boards  of  Gonville  and  Caius  College  in 
1656.  He  set  himself  to  follow  in  the  wake  of 
Ben  Jonson  as  a  writer  of  comedy,  but  his  plays 
are  somewhat  coarse  and  not  of  the  highest 
merit.  He  had  some  disagreement  with  Dryden, 
95 


Thomas 

Tenison 

(1626-1715) 

Corp.  Chr. 

1653. 


Francis 
Willughby 

(1635-1672) 
Trinity  1653. 


Thomas 

Shadwell 

(c. 1642-1692) 

Gon.  &  Caius 

1656. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


who,  in  reply,  alluded  to  Shadwell  in  "  Mac 
Flecknoe  "  in  no  very  pleasant  terms,  and  threw 
ridicule  upon  his  poetry.  It  was  Shadwell,  how- 
ever, who  was  chosen  to  succeed  Dryden  in  the 
Laureateship. 
Joshua  Basset  The  troubled  state  of  the  times  was  notified 
(c.  1641-1720)  tQ  the  world  in  the  appointment  of  Joshua  Basset 

to  be  Master  of  Sidney  Sussex  in   1686.       He 
1657 
Sid  Sussex   ^^^  been  Sizar  of  Gonville  and  Caius  in  1657, 

1686.        and  subsequently  Fellow,  and  was  pushed  into 

the  Mastership  by  James  II.  as  likely  to  be  a 

pliant  tool  in  the  royal  hands.     Basset  quickly 

declared  himself  a  Papist,  and  he  is  said  to  have 

had  Mass  according  to  the  Roman  rite  publicly 

celebrated  within  the  College  walls,  and  to  have 

so  altered  the  statutes  as  to  admit  of  members 

of  the  Roman  faith  belonging  to  the   College. 

His  relations  with  the  Fellows  were  far  from 

friendly,  and  the  record  he  left  behind  can  hardly 

be  ranked  as  high. 

Sir  Isaac         Galileo  died  1642:  in  the  same  year  the  world 

VewtM      ^g^g  made  richer  by  the  birth  of  Isaac  Newton, 

(1642-1727) 

J  '    one    of    the    greatest    of    natural    philosophers. 

Trinity  1661.  .  _  .    .       ,      ,  ^  „  , 

Entermg  at  Trinity  he  became  Fellow,  and  was 

quickly  engaged  in  advanced  mathematical  study, 

and   brought   out  a  work   on   light   and   optics. 

The  fact  of  gravitation  attracted  his  attention,  and 

he    rendered   important    service   in    explanation 

of   the   planetary   system.     He   illumined   every 

subject  on  which  he  wrote,   and  his  treatment 

even  of  the  most  abstruse  questions  was  always 

lucid  and  able  to  be  understood.    To  his  lofty 

96 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


intellect  was  joined  a  profound  belief  in  the  value 
of  religion,  and  the  nobility  of  his  character  was 
recognised  by  all.  He  succeeded  Barrow  in 
the  Lucasian  chair,  and  the  two  men  had  a 
strong  admiration  for  each  other.  Newton 
became  F.R.S.  in  1672,  and  some  fifteen  years 
later  gave  to  the  world  his  great  work  the 
"  Principia."  At  a  still  later  date  he  became 
M.P.  for  the  University,  and  was  also  President 
of  the  Royal  Society,  Some  two  centuries 
passed,  and  oddly  enough  exactly  the  same 
honours  were  held  by  Sir  George  Gabriel  Stokes 
as  had  been  conferred  upon  Sir  Isaac  Newtoa 
He  numbered  among  his  friends  all  the  great 
men  of  the  day,  Locke,  Bentley,  Whiston, 
Leibnitz,  and  Roger  Cotes.  Though  he  was  not 
over  strong,  he  lived  to  the  age  of  85 :  his  body 
lay  in  state  in  the  Jerusalem  Chamber  at  West- 
minster, and  he  was  subsequently  buried  in  the 
Abbey:  Bishop  Burnet,  on  hearing  of  his 
death,  described  him  as  "  the  whitest  soul  I 
ever  knew."  The  monument  to  him  in  the 
Abbey  bears  this  inscription :  "  Sibi  gratulentur 
mortales  tale  tantumque  extitisse  Humani  Generis 
Decus  " :  while  below  his  statue^  by  Roubiliac, 
in  the  Chapel  of  Trinity,  is  inscribed  the  verse 
"  Newton,  qui  genus  humanum  ingenio  super- 
avit."  Pope  added  his  tribute  to  the  respect 
which  was  so  markedly  held  for  the  great 
mathematician : 

Nature,  and  Nature's  laws  lay  hid  in  night, 
God  said  "  Let  Newton  be,"  and  all  was  light. 

97 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


The  remark  which,  late  in  life,  Newton  made — 
the  outpouring  of  a  reverent  and  humble  mind- 
is  well-known.  "  I  do  not  know,"  he  said,  *'  what 
I  may  appear  to  the  world,  but  to  myself  I  seem 
to   have   been  only   like  a  boy   playing   on   the 
sea  shore  and  diverting  myself  in  now  and  then 
finding   a   smoother   pebble   or   a   prettier  shell 
than  ordinary,  whilst  the  great  ocean  of  truth 
lay  all  undiscovered  before  me." 
John  strype       Those  who  gather  together  facts  often  prove 
(1643-1737)    j-Q  have  done  inestimable  service  to  succeeding 
^  .    generations,    and   though   they   may    not   them- 

selves  have  been  supremely  great,  their  names 
survive  owing  to  the  importance  of  their  worlc 
This  is  true  of  John  Strype,  who,  after  being 
at  S.  Paul's  School,  became  a  member  first  of 
Jesus  College  and  then  of  S.  Catharine's.  Dur- 
ing his  life  anything  that  was  connected  with 
ecclesiastical  history  attracted  him,  and  he 
gathered  together  material  of  great  value. 
"  Ecclesiastical  Memorials,"  "  Annals  of  the 
Reformation,"  "  Lives  of  some  of  the  Arch- 
bishops of  Canterbury,"  are  among  his  chief 
works. 
Jeremy  Collier,  the  non- juror,  was  trained  at  Gonville 

Collier       ^^^d   Caius.     His    extremely   strong   views   as    a 

"       '    clergyman  brought  him  into  notoriety,  and  after 
Gon.  &  Caius       „     .  .         .  _  .  , 

1669         sunermg   imprisonment    tor   a  time,    he    caused 

a  great  stir  by  giving  absolution  on  the  scaf- 
fold to  two  men  who  had  attempted  the  life 
of  the  King.  Deep  questions  were  raised  by  his 
action:  he  himself  maintained  that  as  a  priest  of 

98 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

the  Church  of  England,  he  was  bound  to  act 
as  he  had  done,  but  several  of  the  Bishops  went 
against  him.  Later  in  life  he  wielded  his  pen 
in  a  vigorous  onslaught  against  the  stage. 
Dryden  and  ^other  play  writers  met  with  his 
stern  denunciation,  and  he  did  his  best  to  effect 
a  reform.  Public  opinion  was  to  some  extent 
with  him,  and  admitted  the  truth  of  much  that 
he  said.  He  continued  to  minister  to  a  non- 
juring  congregation,  and  was  afterwards  pro- 
moted. 

In  the  person  of  Thomas  Baker,  S.  John's  Thoma*  Baker 
College  found  one  of  her  most  faithful  sons:  (1656-1740) 
he  was  duly  placed  upon  the  roll  of  Fellows  ^- 1^^"'^ 
but,  owing  to  the  fact  that  he  was  a  non-juror, 
he  was,  after  holding  office  for  36  years,  ejected 
Matthew  Prior,  John  Strype,  and  Burnet,  whose 
"History  of  the  Reformation"  he  criticized,  were 
among  his  friends.  In  the  antiquarian  studies 
to  which  he  so  assiduously  devoted  himself, 
he  found  full  scope  for  his  special  gifts.  An 
enormous  amount  of  detail  was  gathered 
together  with  a  view  to  the  publication  of 
a  history  of  the  University:  the  MS.  copy  re- 
mains, a  most  useful  work  full  of  valuable 
information  and  consisting  of  forty-two 
volumes,  of  which  about  half  are  in  the 
British  Museum  and  half  in  the  University 
Library.  To  Baker,  also,  we  owe  a  debt  of 
gratitude  for  the  writing  of  his  "  History  of  S. 
John's  College,"  a  model  of  what  a  College 
history  should  be,  and  a  work  to  which  all  sub- 
99 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


sequent  historians  of  the  Society  have  been 
greatly  indebted.  His  memory  is  held  in  the 
highest  honour,  and  his  body  rests  in  the  con- 
secrated ground  on  which  the  old  Chapel  stood. 
Richard  Richard    Bentley,     of    Yorkshire    birth,    who 

Bentley      matriculated     as      an      orphan     lad     in      1676, 

^   ,"  became  the  e^reat  Master  of  Trinity.     A  Fellow- 

S.  John's         .  ^  ^ 

jgyg        ship  at  S.  John's  was  never  bestowed  upon  him. 

Trinity  1700.  but  he  gained  the  favourable  notice  of  Dr.  Stil- 
lingfleet  by  his  great  learning,  evinced  very  early 
in  life.  He  had  already  formed  a  "  Hexapla  " 
on  a  plan  of  his  own,  with  the  words  of  the 
Hebrew  Bible  set  against  parallel  renderings 
from  other  ancient  versions.  By  this  work 
he  was  quickly  recognised  as  a  great  authority 
on  questions  of  Biblical  criticism,  a  study 
in  which  he  specially  excelled.  The  pub- 
lication of  his  *'  Dissertation  on  the  Letters 
of  Phalaris,"  proved  him  to  be  a  master  of 
argument,  and  the  way  in  which  he  over- 
threw the  hitherto  accepted  date  of  the 
"  Letters,"  was  the  starting  point  for  that 
method  of  criticism  which  has  since  made  such 
strides.  His  tenure  of  the  Mastership  of 
Trinity  was  extremely  memorable:  his  powerful 
mind  caused  him  to  be  embroiled  in  constant 
troubles,  and  College  disquiet  was  in  conse- 
quence largely  prevalent.  Relations  with  the 
other  officers  of  the  College  became  strained^ 
and  an  appeal  was  made  to  the  Bishop  of  Ely. 
The  Bishop  decided  that  Bentley  must  be 
removed  from  office^  but  the  decision  proved 
100 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


valueless  owing  to  the  death  of  the  Bishop, 
followed  shortly  after  by  the  death  of  Queen 
Anne.  Bentley  remained  in  office,  and  matters 
became  still  further  involved:  the  Fellows 
apparently  regarded  his  rule  as  despotic,  and 
as  a  result  he  was,  by  order  of  the  University, 
deprived  of  ^is  degrees  for  infringing  the 
statutes.  The  degrees  were  subsequently  re- 
stored, and  peace  reigned  for  a  period:  only 
fbr  a  period,  however,  for  the  Master  was  shortly 
once  more  summoned  before  the  authorities, 
and  sentenced  to  deprivation  from  the  Master- 
ship. Once  again  a  deadlock  ensued:  and 
Bentley  died  as  Master  of  Trinity.  Not- 
withstanding these  troubles,  Bentley  ranks 
as  one  who  greatly  raised  the  learning  of  his 
College  and  University,  and  as  one  who  towers 
above  most  of  his  contemporaries  in  extreme 
brilliancy  of  talent.  Among  his  friends  were 
Evelyn,  Wren,  Locke,  Newton,  and  Roger  Cotes. 
He  lies  buried  in  Trinity  Chapel  on  the  north 
side  of  the  altar. 

The  early  death  at  the  age  of  31   of  Henry        Henry 
Wharton,    who    had    been    scholar    of    Gonville     Wharton 
and    Caius,    was    deeply   deplored   as  a  loss    to    ^1^^4-1695) 
letters.     In  him  ;was  great  versatility  of  know-         *       ^' 
ledge  and  extensive  learning,  and  his  compila- 
tion   of   the   "  Anglia   Sacra "    or    Lives   of   the 
English    Bishops    down    to    the    year    1540,    re- 
ceived  due    appreciation   from    Stubbs,    who    in 
later  years  wrote  on  similar  lines.     He  had  at 
Cambridge   been   the   favourite   pupil   of    Isaac 

lOI 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Newton,   and  a  great  friend  in  after  years    of 

Tenison  and  Bancroft:  he  was  buried  with  much 

ceremony   in   Westminster  Abbey. 

Matthew         The  Westminster  boy,  Matthew  Prior,  who  had 

^^0^        been    trained    under    Busby,    found  a  home    at 

S.   John's.      At    an    earlv    age    he   took    to   the 
S.  John's  .  .  ,  ' 

c  168^       writmg  of   poetry:  this  was   continued   through 

life,  though  he  also  travelled  for  diplomatic  pur- 
poses, and  was  Member  of  Parliament.  He 
replied  to  Dry  den's  work,  "  The  Hind  and  the 
Panther."  His  writing  is  pleasing  and  agree- 
able, though  not  on  a  large  scale,  and  his 
lyrics  and  small  pieces  have  a  decided  grace  of 
versification.  He  lies  buried  at  the  feet  of 
Spenser,  in  accordance  with  his  own  desire. 
William  One  who  did  well  and  yet  might  have  done 

"Whiston  much  better,  was  William  Whiston,  the  Fellow 
(1667-1752)  q£  Clare.  Of  good  mathematical  talent  and 
great  learning,  yet  of  eccentric  belief,  he 
succeeded  Newton  in  the  Lucasian  chair,  and 
was  intimate  with  Wren,  Bentley,  Roger  Cotes, 
Tillotson,  and  Samuel  Clarke.  Turning  his 
attention  to  theological  studies,  he  inclined 
strongly  to  Arian  views,  but  had  the  honesty 
to  say  so,  and  formally  abjured  belief  in  the 
Holy  Trinity,  for  which  he  was  expelled  from 
the  University  and  deprived  of  his  Professor- 
ship. Finding  his  position  in  the  Church  of 
England  untenable,  he  published  a  Liturgy 
of  strong  Arian  tendency,  and  finally  took 
the  straightforward  step  of  leaving  a  communion 
with   which   his   views   were   so    thoroughly    at 

I02 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


variance.       He     continued     to     write,     and     is 

remembered  for  his  "  Translation  of  Josephus." 

Samuel    Clarke,    who    attained    considerable  Samuel  Clarke 

notoriety  in  Europe  as  a  metaphysician,  came  to    (1675-1729) 

.         .         ^  ^  ,        n     ^   Gon.  &Caius 

Gonville    and    Cams    m    1691.     From   the   first,        ^^^^ 

he  moved  in  the  highest  intellectual  society  of 
the  University,  and  was  intimate  with  Hoadly, 
Bentley,  Newton,  Whiston,  Sherlock,  Butler, 
and  Berkeley.  His  famous  work,  "A  Discourse 
concerning  the  Being  and  Attributes  of  God," 
gained  him  a  great  reputation  as  a  philosopher, 
and  in  it  he  taught  that  the  truth  underlying 
moral  precepts  is  no  less  certain  tham 
the  truth  underlying  mathematical  facts.  It  was, 
however,  around  another  of  his  books,  "  The 
Scripture  Doctrine  of  the  Trinity,"  that  con- 
troversy arose.  He  had  been  suspected  of 
holding  Arian  views,  and  the  book  proved  that 
the  charge  was  well  founded.  Waterland 
stoutly  opposed  him  in  masterly  style,  and  after 
much  disturbance,  Clarke,  though  still  uncon- 
vinced as  a  clergyman,  withdrew  from  the 
controversy.  While  his  views  were  opposed  to 
those  of  the  Church,  and  in  consequence,  he 
was  kept  from  high  preferment,  he  is  remem- 
bered as  a  most  able  man  and  of  great  piety 
of  hfe. 

People    are    now-a-days    sometimes    distressed     Benjamm 
by  the  bitterness  with  which  religious  questions       Hoadly 
are  discussed:  they  imagine  that  such  troubles    ^  ^'   , 
are    pecuharly    the  fault  of    our  own  day,    but 
they   make   a  great   mistake.      At   the  opening 
103 


S.  Oath. 
1691. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

of  the  1 8th  .century  matters  were  in  a  very 
unsettled  state,  and  it  seemed  very  doubtful 
whether  the  Church  would  survive  the  general 
indifference  which  prevailed.  Whiston  and 
Samuel  Clarke  had  led  the  way  and  had  openly 
defended  the  propagation  of  Arian  views,  and 
Benjamin  Hoadly,  the  Fellow  of  S.  Catharine's, 
who  had  been  appointed  to  the  See  of  Bangor, 
seemed  willing  not  only  to  doubt  in  the  full 
Divinity  of  Our  Lord^  but  to  have  little  belief 
in  orthodoxy  at  all,  and  to  be  ready  to  counten- 
ance almost  any  view  of  Church  Government 
and  of  Christianity,  provided  only  that  sincerity 
of  life  should  be  preached.  His  administration 
of  the  diocese  was  notoriously  slack,  even  for 
those  careless  days,  and  the  violence  of  a 
sermon  which  he  preached  before  the  King,  and 
in  which  he  uttered  extremely  broad  views, 
brought  down  upon  him  the  censure  of  Con- 
vocation. The  Government  replied  by  pro- 
roguing Convocation.  This  action  proved  to  be 
a  great  blow  to  the  Church,  and  for  more  than 
130  years  Convocation  never  met:  the  voice 
of  the  Church  in  her  corporate  capacity  v/as 
silenced,  and  harm  was  effected  of  which  the 
results  are  to  be  seen  at  the  present  day. 
Hoadly  continued  to  maintain  his  latitudinarian 
principles:  Thomas  Sherlock  and  William  Law 
eagerly  opposed  him,  and  on  what  is  known  as 
the  Bangorian  controversy,  an  enormous  num- 
ber of  pamphlets  were  written.  Hoadly,  in 
after  years,  was  promoted  to  other  Bishoprics: 
104 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


though  an  able  controversialist,  as  a  Bishop  of 
the  Church  of  England  he  was  a  great  failure, 

Thomas  Sherlock,  the  Eton  friend  of  Robert 
Walpole,  was  a  contemporary  of  Hoadly  at  St 
Catharine's,  and  even  in  those  early  days  the 
two  were  opposed.  Sherlock  also  entered  into  a 
contest  with  Bentley.  He  rose  to  be  Fellow 
and  Master  of  his  College,  and  Vice-Chancellor 
of  the  University,  and  after  a  few  years,  was 
appointed  Bishop,  first  of  Bangor,  then  of  Salis- 
bury, and  still  later  of  London.  Report  speaks 
well  of  his  tenure  of  office,  both  in  the  University 
and  elsewhere.  With  statesmanlike  views  and 
a  keen  mind,  he  became  very  popular:  and 
courageously  but  firmly  upheld  the  Church 
position  against  Hoadly  in  the  Bangoriari  con- 
troversy, and  also  did  great  service  by  his 
opposition  to  the  Deist  teaching.  His  writings 
gained  a  wide  acceptance,  though  to  some  ex- 
tent they  met  with  the  animadversion  of  William 
Law,  and  he  is  remembered  as  a  capable  Bishop. 

Sir  Robert  Walpole  hardly  ranks  as  one  of 
the  greatest  of  England's  Prime  Ministers,  and 
yet  for  upwards  of  twenty  years  he  held  full  sway. 
Trained  at  Eton  and  King's,  he  afterwards 
entert^d  Parliament  and  passed  to  high  positioa 
A  charge  of  omcial  corruption  caused  him  for 
a  time  to  be  put  in  the  Tower,  but  on  the 
Accession  of  George  L  he  became  Chancellor  of 
the  Exchequer  and  First  Lord  of  the  Treasury. 
The  South  Sea  scheme  trouble  came  in  his 
time,  and  he  managed  that  difficulty  fairly 
105 


Thomas 
Sherlock 

(1678-1761) 

S.  Cath. 

1693. 


Sir  Robert 

Walpole 

(1676-1745) 

King's  1696 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


well.  He  was  possessed  of  good  business  habits 
and  his  conduct  of  the  Commons  was  thor- 
oughly successful.  He  was  always  the  man  of 
peace,  and  when  this,  owing  to  foreign  com- 
plications, was  no  longer  possible,  his  rule  came 
to  an  end.  Amid  considerable  unpopularity 
which  was  apparently  connected  with  renewed 
charges  of  corruption  made  against  him,  he 
accepted  the  Earldom  of  Orford,  and  ceased  to 
take  part  in  public  affairs. 
John  Medical    students      at     the      University    are 

Addenbrooke  familiar  with  the  name  of  Addenbrooke.     Matri- 
culating  at   S.    Catharine's   he   became   Fellow, 

S.  Cath.  1698  ^ 

and  took  up  the  career  of  a  physician.     Dying 

at  an  early  age,  by  his  will  he  left  money  for 
the  well-known  Hospital  which  bears  his  name.    A 
tablet  to  his  memor}'  exists  in  the  College  Chapel. 
Koger  Cotet       Educated   at   S.    Paul's   School,    Roger   Cotes 
(1682-1716)    became    Fellow    of    Trinity,    and    there    gave 
Trin.  1699.    evidence   of   the   extreme   ability  of   his   mathe- 
matical talent.     Rejoicing  in  the  friendship    of 
Bentley,  and  Whiston,  and  Newton,  who  had  a 
great  admiration  for  him,  he  wrote  the  preface 
for   the   2nd   edition   of    Newton's   "  Principia," 
and  became  a  foremost  mathematician  as   well 
as    Plumian     Professor    of    Astronomy.        The 
high  promise,  however,  was  not  to  be  fulfilled, 
for  at  the  age  of  32  this  man  of  brilliant  pos- 
sibiUty  and  charming  personality  passed  away, 
and   was   buried   in   the    College    Chapel.       Of 
him,   Newton  remarked  "  Had  Cotes  hved,   we 
might  have  known  something." 
106 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Magdalene    College    nurtured    a    strong    man       Daniel 
when  she  gave  of  her  best  to  Daniel  Waterland,     Waterland 
successively  Scholar,  Fellow,  Master,  and  Vice-   (1683-1740) 
Chancellor.     He  became  a  foremost  theological  ^  ^^^  - 
writer,  and  was  the  stout  upholder  of  the  faith 
of  the  Church  against  Samuel  Clarke  and  those 
who  failed  to  believe  in  the  Trinity,  and  later 
on   against   those   writers   of   the    Deist    School 
who    seemed    ready    to    efface    Christianity    in 
favour   of   natural   religion.     All   that   he   wrote 
was   strong,   and   among   his   chief   works   were 
"  Vindication     of     Christ's     Divinity,"    "  Critical 
History    of    the    Athanasian    Creed,"  "  The  Im- 
portance   of    the    Holy    Trinity    Asserted,"  and 
"  Review  of  the   Doctrine   of   the   Eucharist." 

The  life  of  individual  members  of  the  Uni-  Conyers 
versily  has  at  times  been  embittered  with  strife.  Middleton 
Conyers  Middleton,  the  Trinity  Fellow,  seemed  to  (1683-1750) 
have  been  born  under  the  star  of  controversy. 
He  was  the  foremost  opponent  of  Bentley,  who 
dubbed  him  "  Fiddling  Conyers,"  and  it  was  by 
Middleton's  endeavour  that  Bentley  was  for  a 
time  deprived  of  his  degrees,  although  in  the 
end  he  may  be  said  to  have  held  his  own.  The 
religious  views  which  Middleton  held  were 
extremely  broad,  and  brought  down  upon  him 
the  wrath  of  Waterland  and  Sherlock.  He  was, 
however,  quite  able  to  defend  himself,  but  the 
line  of  argument  he  adopted  caused  most  men 
very  strongly  to  doubt  whether  he  believed  in 
Christianity  at  all.  Controversy  raged  for 
years,  and  the  position  of  this  singular  divine 
107 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

was  a  great  difficulty  to  many.  He  was 
the  first  Woodwardian  Professor  of  Geology, 
and  has  left  as  his  great  work,  the  "  Life  of 
Cicero." 
William  Law  William  Law,  the  famous  non-juror  and  mystic, 
(1686-1761)  whose  book,  "The  Serious  Call,"  has  had  an 
Emm.  1705.  j^fluence  similar  to  that  of  the  "  Pilgrim's  Pro- 
gress," came  as  a  Sizar  to  Emmanuel  and 
passed  on  to  be  Fellow.  He  relinquished  this 
honour,  conscientious!}^  refusing  allegiance  to 
the  new  dynasty  on  the  death  of  Queen  Anne. 
He  first  came  into  notice  by  his  attack  on 
Hoadly  in  the  Bangorian  controversy,  and  his 
"  Three  Letters  "  were  marvels  of  logical  ability. 
He  published  other  works — "  The  Fable  of  the 
Bees  "  (republished  in  later  years  by  Frederick 
Denison  Maurice)  a,nd  "  The  Unlawfulness  of 
Stage  Entertainments,"  and  shortly  after,  the 
two  works  which  were  specially  notable,  "  Christ- 
ian Perfection  "  and  "  The  Serious  Call."  The 
latter  gained  notoriety  as  a  great  devotional 
book:  it  made  a  profound  impression  on  Dr 
Johnson:  Gibbon  even  allowed  it  was  of  singular 
power:  Southey  praised  it,  and  it  seriously 
affected  the  lives  of  Wesley*  and  the  elder 
Venn,  and  it  is  still  largely  read  and  pondered. 
Law  was  extremely  intimate  with  the  Gibbon 
family  and  knew  the  great  historian  as  a  boy. 

*  Samuel  Wesley,  the  father  of  the  celebrated  John  Wesley, 
though  originally  an  Oxford  man,  was  incorporated  an  M.A. 
of  Corpus  Christi  College,  Cambridge,  in  1694.     He  later 
retired  to  the  living  of  Epworth. 
io8 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Of  the  deepest  piety  and  a  thoroughly  com- 
petent writer,  and  one  who  was  able  in  a 
marked  degree  to  influence  the  souls  of  men, 
he  brought  the  ideas  of  mysticism  in  religion 
to  bear  upon  his  own  generation,  and  after 
assimilating  the  writings  of  the  Dutch  mystic, 
Jacob  Behmen,  produced  the  spirit  of  these 
works  in  an  improved  and  more  reasonable  form. 
Through  him  evangelical  religion  was  revived, 
and  worldliness  in  the  Church  placed  under  a 
ban,  and  he  did  much  to  deepen  the  spiritual 
life  of  England.  He  was  an  able  theologian  and 
controversialist,  and  a  convinced  and  determined 
upholder  of  historic  Christianity.  For  a  time, 
he  carried  on  at  King's  Cliff e,  in  Northampton- 
shire, a  small  religious  community,  not  alto- 
gether unlike  that  at  one  time  established  by 
Nicholas  Ferrar  at  Little  Gidding. 

John  Byrom,  Fellow  of  Trinity,  who  had  also    John  Byrom 
been  impressed  by  the  teaching  of  Behmen,  ex-    (1692-1763) 
pressed  in  verse  the  special  teaching  of  William 
Law.    His  poetical  productions  were  most  miscel- 
laneous, but   extremely  good.      He  was   in  the 
close    friendship    of    Bentley,    Butler,    Samuel 
Clarke,  Wesley,   and   Law,  and  the   well-known 
Christmas  hymn — "  Christians  awake,  salute  the 
happy  morn,"    comes  from  his  pen.      He  also 
invented  a  system  of  shorthand  writing  which, 
for  a  time,  was  widely  used. 
109 


Tria.  1708. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Plulip  Dormer      -pj^^  author  of  the  Chesterfield  Letters,  Philip 

ope     Dormer   Stanhope,  was  at  Trinity   Hall.       Well 
4th  Earl  of  .  . 

Chesterfi  Id    acquainted  with  continental  life,  of  polished  and 

(1694-1773)    agreeable  manner,  and  able  to  enter  fully  into 

Trinity  Hall  the  somewhat  flippant  society  of  the  day,  he  had 

1712.        left  for  us  the  well-known  "  Letters  "  to  his  son, 

which  have  attained  to  great  notoriety.     They  are 

noticeable  for  shrewdness  and  knowledge  of  the 

world  rather  than  for  loftiness  of  thought  and 

worthiness  of  character. 

William  Many  great  men  in  the  medical  profession  have 

Heberden  found    a    home  at    Cambridge,  and    one    who 
(1710-1801)             .       ^                                .  , 

^    ^  ^  ,  attamed  to  great   emmence   as  a    doctor    was 
S.  John's                                 ^ 

1724         William  Heberden,   who  came  to   S.  John's    in 
1724,    and    was    afterwards    Fellow.     He     prac- 
tised and  also  lectured  in  the  University,   and 
then  removed  to   London,  living  to  the  age  of 
91.     Much  that   he   wrote   was   of   considerable 
value,  and  many  of  his  investigations  and  obser- 
vations received  great  attention.       He  was  the 
friend   of   Middleton,   Warburton,   Cowper,   and 
Johnson. 
Charles  Pratt,      Charles  Pratt,  after  being  at  Eton,  where  he 
Earl  Camden  ^^^g  the  friend  of  the  elder  Pitt,  Lyttelton,  and 
^^^^^^^^.^^    Horace  Walpole,  came  to  King's,  and  then  was 
ing  s    /o      ^^iiq^  to  the  Bar.     He  became  Attorney-General, 
Chief  Justice  of  Common  Pleas  and  Lord  Chan- 
cellor.    He  took  important  action  in  the  Wilkes 
trial,  and  finally  held  office  in  the  Pitt  ministry. 
William  Cole      Those  who  have  eyes  to  see,  will  have  noticed 
(1714-1782)    on  the  tower  of  S.   Clement's   Church  in  Cam- 
Clare  1733    bridge,    a    brief    Latin    motto,    "  Deum    Cole," 
King's  1736. 

IIO 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

"  Reverence  God."  The  sentence  is  a  kind  of 
pun  not  considered  improper  in  olden  days. 
Thus  did  William  Cole,  the  antiquary,  recording 
his  own  name  after  that  of  God,  inculcate  the 
duty  of  worship  of  the  Deity  to  every  passer-by, 
so  long  as  the  tower  of  S.  Clement's,  under 
which  his  body  is  buried,  abides.  Born  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  the  town,  and  trained  at  Eton 
and  the  friend  there  of  Horace  Walpole,  he 
became  scholar  of  Clare  and  then  migrated  to 
King's.  He  made  abundant  notes,  and  together 
with  the  work  of  collecting  manuscripts  comr 
piled  the  histories  of  several  Bishoprics,  Colleges 
and  towns.  Returning  after  foreign  travel  to 
Cambridge,  he  lived  at  Waterbeach  and  at 
Milton,  and  on  his  death  his  valuable  MSS.,  loo 
folio  volumes,  passed  to  the  British  Museum, 
with  the  careful  direction  that  they  were  not 
to  be  opened  until  twenty  years  had  passed. 
He  was  the  friend  of  the  poet  Gray,  and  also  of 
the  writer,  Alban  Butler. 

Sterne,    the    clever    delineator    of    character,      Laurence 
but    one  whose   private   life   departed   so    sadly        Sterne 
from  the  ideal,  was   placed  at  Jesus,  where  his    (1713-1768) 
great  grandfather   had    been    Master.       Taking    ^^^^^  ^^^^' 
Orders  later,  at    a    period    when    things    were 
terribly    slack,    he    proved    but    an    indifferent 
clergyman,   and   the   only  apparent  good  which 
accrued  from  his  tenure  of  livings  was  the  oppor- 
tunity which  he  found  of  storing  up  notes  for 
the  wonderful  literary  sketches  that  have  given 
to  us  among  others   the   characters  of  "  Uncle 
III 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Toby,"  "  Widow  Wadman "  and  "  Corporal 
Trim."  Gradually  ,the  volumes  of  "  Tristram 
Shandy,"  were  launched  on  the  world.  The 
book  attained  phenomenal  notoriety,  both  at 
home  and  abroad.  The  "  Sentimental  Journey  " 
shared  in  its  success,  a  success  of  the  kind  called 
•"  scandalous."  It  is  indeed  difficult  to  feel  that 
the  volumes  of  sermons  published  by  Sterne 
are  by  the  same  man.  Power  Sterne  certainly 
had;  his  originality  may  be  less  easily  demon- 
strated; his  grasp  of  humour  and  sentiment  is 
undoubted;  and  yet  his  talents  were  almost 
worse  than  wasted.  Few  thoughtful  men  can 
read  Sterne  without  admiration  for  his  marvel- 
lous talent;  fewer  still  can  avoid  regret  as  they 
feel  the  wilful  baseness  which  colours  his  best 
work.  He  passed  away  in  London  lodgings,  and 
was  buried  in  the  small  cemetery  that  still  exists 
in  the  Bays  water  Road.  Apparently  there  is  at 
least  some  foundation  for  the  gruesome  story 
that  two  days  after  burial  his  corpse  was  stolen 
by  body-snatchers  and  sent  for  medical  purposes 
to  Cambridge,  jand  that  it  was  unexpectedly 
recognised  in  the  dissecting-room  by  a  friend. 

Thoma*  Gray      One    of    the    most    cultured    and    refined    of 
(1716-1771)    English  poets,  Thomas  Gray,  was  at  Peterhouse 
^®*;  \^f^     in   1734.     He  had  at  Eton  been  the  friend  of 
Horace  Walpole,  whose  half  indolent  tastes  he, 
to  some  extent,  himself  possessed.     He  took  no 
degree  at   Cambridge,   although   he  read  hard: 
subsequently  he  travelled  abroad  with  Walpole, 
but  the  two  friends  quarrelled  and  Gray  returned 
112 


Pemb.  1756. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

to  Cambridge  where  the  libraries  greatly  pleased 
him,  and  at  Cambridge  he  remained  for  most  of 
his  life.  All  that  he  wrote  was  of  a  high  and 
scholarly  character,  and  gav^e  evidence  of  a 
delightful  mind:  his  first  written  piece  was  an 
"Ode  on  a  distant  prospect  of  Eton  College,"  and 
this  was  shortly  followed  by  the  "  Elegy  in  a 
Country  Churchyard,"  and  a  few  years  later  by 
the  "  Pindaric  Odes."  About  1756  occurred  the 
well-known  incident  which  made  him  quit  Peter- 
house  for  Pembroke.  He  is  said  to  have  had 
a  morbid  fear  of  fire,  and  for  this  reason  he 
had  a  strong  iron  framework  fitted  to  his 
window,  which  was  two  stories  up,  and  kept  a 
rope  ladder  in  his  rooms.  Some  acquaintances 
on  one  occasion  played  on  him  the  practical 
joke  of  giving  an  alarm  of  fire,  and  Gray  promptly 
descended,  only  to  alight  in  a  bucket  of  water. 
He  was  annoyed  at  the  affront,  and  removed  to 
another  College.  Among  his  friends  were 
Conyers  Middleton,  Cole,  and  the  poet  Mason, 
also  of  Pembroke.  He  became  Professor  of  His- 
tory and  Modern  Languages  at  the  University 
and  in  Cambridge  and  its  cultured  life  he 
seemed  increasingly  to  rejoice,  revelling  in 
every  artistic  taste.  He  often  stayed  at  Stoke 
Poges,  with  his  mother,  and  there  he  lies  buried. 
All  that  came  from  his  pen  was  good,  and  he 
gained  a  great  hold  on  the  English  mind.  He 
died  at  Cambridge,  after  a  residence  there  of 
forty    years. 

"3 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Horace  All    things    contributed    to    make    the    life    of 

Walpole,     Horace    Walpole    an    easy    one.      Heir    to    the 

^  ,    ,        Earldom   which  his    father,    Sir   Robert,    accep- 
Orford  .        .  '  y  f 

(1717-1797)    ^^^  ^^^^  ^^  ^^^^'  ^^  ^^^  trained  at  Eton,  and  was 
King's  1735.  ^^^   friend   at   King's    of    Cole   and   Gray.      As 
Member  of  Parliament  he  held  various  sinecure 
Government  offices,  which  gave  him  the  where- 
•     withal   to   live   in   comfort   at    Strawberry   Hill, 
where  he  indulged  calmly  and  luxuriously  in  the 
refined  literary  tastes  for  which  he  had  great 
aptitude,  knowing  everyone  and  liked  by  all.    He 
tried   romance — "  The   Castle  of    Otranto  "    and 
"  The    Mysterious    Mother " — then    went    on    to 
"World  Essays,"  *'  Historic  Doubts,"  "Anecdotes 
of    Painting,"    '*  Memoirs     of     George    H.    and 
George  HI.,"  and  also   conducted  a  correspon- 
dence which  proved  extremely  interesting.      He 
ranks    as    a    cultured    savant    and    has    left    us 
much  that  is  of  value. 
Henry  Venn       Henry   Venn,    the    devout    soul   whose    whole 
(1725-1797)  life   was   given   up  to   earnest   ministry   of    the 
S.  John's     Word,    was   at    S.    John's,    then   at   Jesus,    and 
^'^'^-'        later  on  Fellow  of  Queens'.     As  the  well-known 
Huddersfield   preacher,   he   rapidly    came   to   be 
one  of  the  respected  leaders  of  the  Evangelical 
party,  and  left  behind  him  the  reputation  of  a 
most    attractive    personality.       "  The   Complete 
Duty  of  Man "  was  his  great  work. 
William  Mason,  the  poet,  and  the  friend  of   Horace 

Mason       Walpole   and    Gray,   was    scholar   of    S.    John's 
(1724-1797)  ^mi  tjjen  Fellow  of  Pembroke.     He  cannot  be 
'  •'^  "  ^     called  a  great  poet,  and  yet  some  of  the  fines 

114 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


he  .wrote  were  refined.  He  began  with 
"  Musaeus/'  a  poem  on  Pope's  death,  and  then 
passed  to  more  ambitious  efforts  in  "  Elfrida  " 
and  "  Caractacus,"  neither  of  which  can  be  said 
to  be  really  successful.  He  also  wrote  the 
biography  of  his  friend  Gray.  "^ 

Henry  Cavendish,  a  man  of  the  highest  family   Hon.  Henry 
and  possessed  of  great  means,   was  able  to  de-     Cavendish 
vote  his  wealth  to  the  furtherance  of  scientific    (1731-1810) 
research,    which    in    his    day    was    insufficiently       ^^' 
recognised  as  a  subject  for  endowment.     Carry- 
ing on  his  work  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Clap- 
ham,  he  made  several  important  discoveries,  and 
is  believed  to  have  found  out  the  existence  of 
hydrogen  gas.      He  contributed  many  papers  to 
the  Royal  Society. 

Gough    was  another   of   those   men    who,    by      Richard 
continuous  toil,  gather  together  facts  which  are       Gough 
of    lasting  .antiquarian    value.       After    being   at    (1735-1809) 
Corpus   Christi,  Jie  was   in   close  intimacy  with      °^^' 
Cole,   and    has    left    valuable    works — "  British 
Topography,"  "  The  Sepulchral  Monuments    of 
Great    Britain,"    "  History    of    the    Society    of 
Antiquaries,"     and     an     edition     of     Camden's 
**  Britannia." 

Paley  will  not  easily  be  forgotten  as  a  great      William 
writer:  what  is  not  so  often  remembered  is  that        Paley 
he  was  the  Senior  Wrangler  of  his  day.     The    (1743-1805) 
•"  Evidences  of  Christianity,"  written  about   lOO    ^^^'  ^^^^' 
years  ago,  was  a  great  work  then,  and  will  ever 
remain  so,  despite  the  fact  that  it  is  in   some 
scientific  points  now  somewhat  out  of  date,  and 
"5 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

that  it  appeals  mainly,  as  was  the  custom  then, 
to  one  side  of  the  argument  on  behalf  of 
Christianity.  As  a  Sizar,  the  writer  entered 
Christ's  and  became  Fellow  in  due  course.  Of 
somewhat  careless  habit  and  averse  to  excess 
of  work,  he  relates  in  his  own  words,  the  story 
of  his  awakening.  "  I  was  constantly  in 
society,"  he  says,  **  where  we  were  not  immoral, 
but  idle  and  rather  expensive.  At  the  com- 
mencement of  my  third  year,  however,  after 
having  left  the  usual  party  at  rather  a  late  hour 
in  the  evening,  I  was  awakened  at  five  in  the 
morning  by  one  of  my  companions,  who  stood 
by  my  bedside  and  said,  ^  Paley !  I  have  been 
thinking  what  a  fool  you  are.  I  could  do 
nothing  probably,  were  I  to  try,  and  can  afford 
the  life  I  lead:  you  could  do  everything,  and 
cannot  afford  it.  I  have  had  no  sleep  during 
the  whole  night  on  account  of  these  reflections, 
and  am  now  come  solemnly  to  inform  you,  that 
if  you  persist  in  your  indolence,  I  must 
renounce  your  society.'"  *'  I  was  so  struck,"  Dr. 
Paley  continues,  '^with  the  visit  and  the  visitor, 
that  I  lay  in  bed  great  part  of  the  day,  and 
formed  my  plan.  ...  I  arose  (every  day) 
at  five :  read  during  the  whole  of  the  day,  except 
during  such  hours  as  Chapel  and  hall  required, 
allotting   to    each   portion   of   time   its   peculiar 

branch     of     study and     thus     on 

taking  my  bachelor's   degree  I  became   Senior 

Wrangler."       Despite    his    love   for   theological 

writing,  Paley  was  eminently  human:  he  fished 

Ii6 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

and   played    whist,    and    entered   fully    into    the 

pleasures  of  life.     Cambridge  greatly  respected 

him.     He  passed  to  be  Archdeacon  of   Carlisle 

by   the   favour   of    Edmund    Law,    then   Bishop 

of   Carlisle,   and   besides    the   "  Evidences "   left 

the   well-known    works    "  Horae    Paulinas "    and 

"  Natural    Theology,"     as    monuments     of     his 

brilliant  mind  and  of  his  devotion  to  duty. 

The   Anglican   Church   has    seldom    regarded  Bowland  Hill 

the  enthusiast  with  marked  favour;  he  is  often    (1744-1833) 

an    uncomfortable    person,    and    causes    distur-       •  Jo  "  ^ 

1764. 
bances     of    thought,    (never     agreeable     to     an 

Englishman.  Certainly  Rowland  Hill  gave 
trouble:  his  devotion  to  the  Christian  cause 
was  whole-souled  and  entire:  from  early  youth 
he  had  been  deeply  impressed,  Shrewsbury  and 
Eton  only  confirmed  his  eagerness,  and  Whit- 
field, the  preacher,  made  him  more  eager  still: 
as  an  undergraduate  of  St.  John's,  he  braved  the 
storm  of  ribald  jeers  and  taunts  that  awaited 
him,  and  visited  the  sick  and  preached  in  the 
neighbouring  villages.  His  preaching  was  sin- 
gular in  the  extreme,  suited  doubtless  to  his 
congregations,  but  eccentric  and  not  altogether 
"  according  to  knowledge."  Bishops  knew  not 
what  to  do  Vvdth  him,  no  less  than  six  refused  to 
give  him  deacon's  orders,  and  the  difficulty 
recurred  iwhen  he  desired  to  be  priest.  Di& 
turbances  attended  many  of  his  ministrations, 
and  at  length  he  found  a  ministerial  home  in 
the  Surrey  Chapel  at  Blackfriars,  and  was  eager 
in  the  establishment  of  what  is  regarded  as  a 
117 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

pioneer   Sunday   School.       He   published   some 
sermons  and  hymns,  and  his  memory  is  treas- 
ured as   one  of  the  founders   of  the   Religious 
Tract  Society  and  of    the    British  and  Foreign 
Bible   Society. 
Samuel  Parr       Parr,    the   Enamanuel    man,   attained    to    con- 
(1747-1825)   siderable    eminence,   which   was  justly   founded 
upon  his  extensive  learning.     He  corresponded, 
argued,   and  talked    with  all    the   great   men  of 
his  day,  and  was  a  well-known  celebrity,  owing 
to    the   voluminous    icharacter  of    his   published 
works.     As  a  pronounced  Whig,  he  entered  into 
the   political    discussions   of  the    time,    and   his 
remarks  received  due  attention. 
Isaac  Milner       ^^^  ^^  ^^^  greatest  of  those  trained  at  Queens' 
(1750-1820)    was  Isaac    Milner,    who,    starting    as    a    Sizar, 
Queens'      became  Senior  Wrangler,  and  after  holding    the 
^'^'^^'        posts   of   Fellow  and  Tutor,   and   Vicar  of   the 
College   living   of    S.    Botolph's,    passed    to   the 
Presidency.     A   pronounced    Evangelical,    burly 
and  strong  in  voice,  good  in  the  pulpit,  brilliant 
in  conversation  and  in  joke,  he  ruled  his  society 
well.     He   had    been   Jacksonian    Professor    of 
Natural    Philosophy,    and    was    also    Vice-Chan- 
cellor,  and  later  on  Lucasian  Professor.     Much 
controversy  arose  on  the   subject   of  the   Bible 
Society,  but  Milner  hardly  proved  a  match  for 
the    acute    reasoning    of    his    clever    opponent 
Marsh.       He   rendered    considerable    assistance 
to  his  brother,  Joseph  Milner,  of  S.  Catharine's, 
in    the    compilation    of    the    "  History    of    the 
Church   of   Christ."      For   a   time   he   held   the 
ii8 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Pemb.  1773. 


Deanery  ot  Carlisle,  but  never  severed  his  con- 
nexion with  Cambridge.  He  hes  buried  in  the 
old  Chapel,  and  a  portrait  of  him  is  in  the 
College  hall. 

William  Pitt,  who  was  born  in  the  same  year  William  Pitt 
as  Wilberforce,  was  the  second  son  of  the  great  (1759-1806) 
Earl  of  Chatham,  and  found  in  his  father  one 
who  set  before  him  a  lofty  example  and  filled 
him  with  high  aspirations.  He  came  to  Pem- 
broke at  the  age  of  14,  evincing  even  then 
considerable  brilliancy  of  attainment,  and  at 
Cambridge  he  remained  for  seven  years.  He 
formed  in  early  life  an  acquaintance  with  Fox, 
who  was  to  prove  his  persistent  opponent.  At 
the  age  of  25  he  became  Prime  Minister,  and 
shortly  afterwards  Member  for  the  University, 
a  position  which  he  held  through  life.  His 
career  was  a  notable  one.  Somewhat  cold  and 
formal  in  manner,  and  accustomed  to  treat  men 
with  considerable  haughtiness,  he  often  made 
enemies,  but  thougE'  oii  occasions  he  showed 
weakness,  he  must  be  allowed  to  rank  as  a  great 
orator  and  most  capable  administrator.  European 
complications  caused  him  keen  anxiety:  he 
lived  in  days  when  the  march  of  events  made 
conduct  of  affairs  extremely  difficult,  and  it  has 
been  said  of  him  that  he  was  great  in  every- 
thing but  war.  The  French  Revolution  was  a 
terrible  problem,  and  to  guide  the  bark  of 
State  aright  and  preserve  the  honour  of  Eng- 
land was  no  easy  matter.  Pitt  had  never  been 
strong  in  health:  troubles  preyed  upon  him  and 
119 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

caused  his  death  at  the  age  of  47.  The  outlook 
was  dark  just  then.  Napoleon  had  triumphed 
on  the  Continent :  Trafalgar,  it  is  true,  had  been 
won,  but  Nelson  had  died,  and  further  disaster 
had  occurred  at  Ulm  and  Austerlitz.  Wei] 
might  the  Prime  Minister  utter  as  his  last  words, 
'*  Oh!  my  country.  How  I  leave  my  country!  " 
His  private  character  was  noble,  he  served 
England  well,  and  was  Prime  Minister  through 
seventeen  eventful  years.  He  was  buried  in 
the  Abbey  by  his  father's  side  at  the  nation's 
expense. 

Herbert  Marsh,  a  strong  and  able  man,  quick  to  note 

Marsh       weakness    in    argument,    and    without    scruple 
J  r!  in    letting    his    opinion    be    known,    is    remem- 

bered as  one  who  greatly  influenced  thought 
in  the  University.  Trained  at  the  King's 
School,  Canterbury,  and  taking  his  degree 
from  S.  John's  as  2nd  Wrangler,  he  became 
Fellow,  and  then  in  his  travels  laid  up  the  store 
of  German  literature  and  theology  which  was 
afterwards  to  be  of  great  service  to  him.  A 
man  of  original  thought  and  of  considerable 
power  as  a  critical  theologian,  both  as  Margaret 
Professor  for  30  years,  and  as  preacher,  he  was 
immensely  popular.  He  had  little  love  for 
Calvinism,  or  for  allegorical  interpretation  of 
Scripture :  and  found  in  consequence  that  Simeon, 
and  E.  D.  Clarke,  and  Isaac  Milner,  were  arrayed 
against  him,  and  his  onslaught  on  the  British 
and  Foreign  Bible  Society,  as  insecurely  founded, 
120 


S.  John's 
1774. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


in  that  it  ignored  the  necessity  of  the  accom- 
panying teaching  of  Church  and  Prayer  Book, 
added  excitement  to  the  controversy.  As 
Bishop  of  Llandaff,  and  then  of  Peterborough, 
Marsh  continued  to  evince  a  strength  of 
character  and  mind  which  could  not  be  ignored : 
man  decried  him  as  despotic,  but  his  determina- 
tion to  rule  was  really  qualified  by  the  wisdom 
of  a  kindly  heart,  and  as  a  Bishop  he  left  his 
mark.  The  National  Society,  in  a  great 
measure,  owes  its  foundation  to  this  man  of 
small  stature  but  keen  intellect. 

To  Wilberforce  was  mainly  due  the  abolition  of     William 
the  slave  trade.     The  friend  and  contemporary  Wilberforce 

r  Ti-iv  T.-        1.  J  1.      r    ^  •  (1759-1833) 

of  wilham  Pitt,  he  owed  much  of  the  seriousness     o  t  u  . 

S.  John  s 

which  characterised  him  to  the  influence  of  Isaac  1776. 
Milner.  Graduating  from  S.  John's,  and  elected 
quite  early  in  life  M.P.  for  Hull,  he  began  to  set 
himself  to  his  life's  work.  Buoyed  up  by  his 
friendship  with  Clarkson,  against  terrible  odds  he 
bravely  contended  for  what  he  felt  to  be  right, 
and  with  powerful  oratory  persevered  in  his  en- 
deavour to  make  men  view  with  horror  the  prin- 
ciple of  the  slave  trade  in  British  dominions  and 
elsewhere.  Success  came  to  him,  but  his  health, 
always  delicate,  had  given  way  under  the  strain: 
he  retired  into  private  life,  assured  of  universal 
respect,  and  of  the  esteem,  which  men  accord 
to  a  life  passed  in  the  service  of  mankind. 
121 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Eichard  Person,  the  exceptionally  talented  son  of  poor 

Porson       parents,   early  evinced   remarkable  aptitude  for 
(1759-1808)  ^ 

Trinity  1778.  l^^i'^^^g*  ^^^  Dy  the  kindness  of  friends  was  sent 

to  Eton.  Entering  at  Trinity  he  became  noted 
for  his  great  classical  knowledge,  and  was  duly 
appointed  Fellow.  His  fellowship  however  shortly 
lapsed  owing  to  the  fact  that  Porson  was  not  in 
Orders.  With  strict  conscientious  uprightness, 
possibly  somewhat  rare  in  those  days,  he  refused 
to  take  Orders  to  gain  the  continuance  of  his 
office,  and  went  forth,  penniless,  into  the  world. 
His  request  for  a  Lay  Fellowship  met  with  no 
response,  but  in  due  course  he  was  elected  to  the 
Professorship  of  Greek.  Henceforward  divid- 
ing his  time  between  London  and  Cambridge,  he 
became  known  as  one  of  the  greatest  scholars  the 
world  had  seen  for  many  a  long  day.  His 
memory  was  prodigious — he  could  repeat  a  whole 
passage  which  he  had  read  once,  and,  report 
said,  he  could  even  do  so  backwards.  He 
seemed  to  know  everything,  and  in  whatsoever 
situation  he  might  be,  was  always  ready  with 
some  apt  Classical  quotation.  His  dress  was 
slovenly  in  the  extreme,  and  his  habits  irregular, 
and  he  was  more  than  once  refused  admittance, 
when  he  called  at  the  wealthy  houses  of  those 
who  were  intellectually  his  inferiors.  Proud 
and  unbending,  he  felt  keenly  the  insults  prof- 
fered, and  judged  himself  wronged.  He  could 
interest  all  men  in  conversation,  from  the  highest 
to  the  lowest,  and  many  are  the  tales  oF  quaint 

122 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

adventure  in  his  life.  He  gave  forth  many  great 
and  notable  editions  of  the  Greek  Classics,  and 
did  much  to  elucidate  the  text  of  Euripides,  and 
had  a  great  effect  on  Cambridge  scholarship. 
He  died  in  dreadful  poverty  in  London:  his  body 
was  buried  with  much  ceremony  in  Trinity 
Chapel  at  the  foot  of  Newton's  statue,  the  Bel- 
lows acting  as  pall-bearers. 

Simeon,  who  was  almost  exactly  contemporary  Charles 
with  Wilberforce,  had  a  brilliant  career  at  King's.  Simeon 
Born  of  good  family,  and  placed  at  Eton,  he  ^1759-1836) 
in  due  course  became  Fellow  and  Vice  Provost  of 
his  College.  The  story  of  his  life  is  full  of  the 
deepest  interest,  for  it  is  the  record  of  a  Saint  who 
lived  in  the  closest  communion  with  God.  Rightly, 
the  name  of  this  great  Evangelical  leader  is 
held  in  the  highest  esteem,  for  the  number  of 
those  he  influenced  for  good  was  very  great.  His 
entry  on  the  Incumbency  of  Trinity  Church  met 
with  keen  opposition  from  the  parish,  and  his 
preaching  was  often  seriously  interrupted  by  un- 
dergraduates. At  times  he  was  the  object  of 
insult  and  even  of  assault.  For  some  ten  years 
this  lasted,  and  then  it  gradually  became  to  bef 
recognised  how  great  a  man  he  was,  and  his 
influence  increasingly  prevailed,  until  at  last  the 
reverence  for  him  was  intense.  Wherever  he 
went,  in  town  or  countryside,  the  people  flocked 
to  hear  him  and  seemed  to  be  deeply  touched. 
A  thoroughly  loyal  Churchman,  he  faithfully  pur- 
sued his  way,  filled  with  the  deepest  piety  and 
joy  in  serving  his  fellow  men.  It  was  Ue  who 
123 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

led  Henry  Martyn  to  seek  the  Mission  field;  it 
was  he  who  proved  so  helpful  to  the  frail  but 
heroic  Kirke  White,  and  he  always  seemed  en- 
dued with  the  power  of  finding  the  good  in  men. 
When  at  last  he  was  summoned  to  lay  down  his 
work,  it  is  said  that  Cambridge  never  saw  such 
a  funeral  as  Simeon* s,  at  which  1,500  members 
of  the  University  attended  to  see  him  laid  to  rest 
in  the  ante-chapel  of  King's,  where  his  body  now 
rests  under  the  initials  C.S.  For  that  occasion, 
even  though  it  was  market  day,  most  of  the  shops 
were  shut,  lectures  were  as  a  rule  suspended, 
and  the  bell  of  every  College  chapel  tolled.  The 
characteristic  story  is  related  of  him,  that  once  as 
an  undergraduate,  filled  with  the  determination 
to  overcome  a  tendency  to  laziness  in  the  morn- 
ing, he  vowed  that  if  he  overslept  again  he  would 
throw  a  sovereign  into  the  river  at  the  back  of 
King's.  In  his  interesting  notice  of  the  story,  Dr. 
Moule,  Bishop^  of  Durham,  relates  how,  true  to 
his  word,  failing  the  next  morning  to  cure 
himself  of  his  fault,  the  coin  was  thrown  into  the 
Cam,  where  possibly  it  remains  to  the  present 
day,  "  in  the  river's  keeping."  * 
Thomas  1^  the  abolition  of  the  slave  trade  was  largely 

Clarkgon      due  to  the  stirring  speeches  of  Wilberforce  in  the 
(1760-1846)    House  of  Commons,  it  was  certainly,  to  some 

S.  John's  extent,  helped  forward  by  the  support  of  Clark- 
son,  and  by  the  fervent  addresses  which  the  lat- 
ter dehvered  throughout  the  country.  "  Slav-. 
ery  "  was  the  subject  of  the  Latin  essay  for  which 

*  H.  C.  G.  Moule  "Charles  Simeon,"  p.  83. 
124 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

he  won  the  Members'  Prize  as  Sizar  of  S.  John's : 

and  through  life  he  waged  war  against  what  he 

felt  to  be  a  great  evil,  bringing  untiring  zeal  and 

almost  phenomenal  energy  to  bear  upon  the  aim 

he  had  so  much  at  heart.      He  faithfully  served 

his  generation,  and  saw  his  efforts  crowned  with 

success. 

Charles    Grey,    after   being    at    Eton,    passed       Charles 

from  King's  to  high   position  in  the  State,  and  ^^^^^^^^^^^ 

rose  to  be  Prime  Minister.     His  career  through- 

King's 
out  was  strongly  in  favour  of   democratic  pro-      ^  jyg^ 

gress,  and  he  was  an  ardent  supporter  of 
Fox  and  an  opponent  of  Pitt.  Everything  that 
appeared  to  him  to  savour  of  corruption  met  with 
his  stern  denunciation,  and  his  speeches  were 
listened  to  with  giteat  attention.  For  a  time  he 
was  out;  of  pffice,  and  then  in  1830  was  summoned 
to  be  head  of  the  Ministry,  which,  by  the  exer- 
cise of  singular  firmness,  succeeded  in  passing 
the  Reform  Bill,  and  thus  brought  about  great 
changes  in  England.  Very  able,  of  great  in- 
tegrity, and  a  thorough-going  Whig,  he  retired 
from  public  life  within  four  years,  and  left  an  hon- 
oured name  behind  him. 

WoUaston,  who  made  several  valuable  scientific  William  Hyde 
discoveries,  was  Fellow  of  Gonville   and  Caius.    WoUatton 
Of  great  assiduity  in  work,  he  became  well-known    (1766-1828) 
as  a  student  of  chemistry  and  optics.     He  was  ^°"  '^^ 

an  authority  on  several  medical  questions,  not- 
ably on  the  treatment  of  gout,  and  is  credited 
with  the  discovery  as  to  how  platinum  might  be 
welded  so  as  to  be  made  into  vessels.  Men 
125 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Thomas 
Robert 
Kalthus 

(1766-1834) 
Jesus  1784. 


Edward 

Daniel  Clarke 

(1769-1822) 

Jesus  1786. 


William 

Wordsworth 

(1770-1850) 

S.  John's 

1787. 


spoke  well  of  his  kindly  nature,  and  he  enjoyed 
the  friendship  of  Sir  Humphry  Davy,  and  was 
related  to  Heberden. 

Malthus,  who  turned  his  study  largely  to  the 
question  of  over-population,  was  a  Jesus  man, 
and  after  graduating  as  9th  Wrangler  was  made 
Fellow.  His  views  as  expressed  by  his  followers 
in  later  years,  who  very  often  lacked  the  deep 
thought  ^nd  philosophic!  learning  with  which  Mal- 
thus treated  the  subject,  have  not  been  always 
received  without  cavil.  Even  in  his  own  day 
his  teaching  encountered  certain  opposition. 
For  the  man  himself,  however,  all  have  enter- 
tained an  unfailing  regard. 

Edward  Daniel  Clarke,  the  Fellow  of  Jesus,  is 
remembered  as  a  great  and  successful  traveller. 
As  a  result,  he  brought  back  a  large  number 
of  valuable  antiquities,  and  published  a  book  of 
his  "  Travels,"  which  was  widely  read.  He  was 
appointed  to  the  Professorship  of  Mineralogy  in 
the  University,  and  the  Oriental  plane  tree,  which 
he  planted  as  a  memorial  of  his  travels,  still 
remains  in  the  Fellows'  Garden  at  Jesus. 

The  actual  rooms  which  Wordsworth  occupied 
at  S.  John's  exist  no  longer,  but  their  position 
was  in  the  far  left  corner  of  the  First  Court,  and 
from  them  he  looked  out  upon  Trinity  Chapel 
and  heard  the  clock  give  its  double  strike;  and 
of  the  charm  and  beauty  of  all  things  that  he 
saw  he  was  never  tired  of  writing.  He  seems 
to  have  cared  but  little  for  the  life  at  Cambridge, 
and  he  was  never  given  to  be  studious,  but  he 
126 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

enjoyed  in  his  career  the  friendship  of  Coleridge, 
Lamb,  Southey,  Scott,  Keble  and  Tennyson.     In 
writing  he  adopted  a  simple  style  and  his  poems 
were   not   at   the   first   widely    appreciated.     But 
in  due  course  it  became  recognised  that  he  was 
a  great  teacher,  writing  of  all  things  with  a  kind 
and  loving  heart,  and  he  now    ranks  as  one  of 
the  most  pure  and  blameless  of  poets.      "  What 
was  special  in  Wordsworth,"  says  Dean  Church, 
"  was  the  penetrating  power  of  his   perceptions 
of  poetical  elements,  and  his  fearless  reliance  on 
the  simple  forces  of   expression,   in  contrast  to 
the  more  ornate  ones.     He  had  an   eye  to  see 
these  elements  where — I  will  not  say  no  one  had 
seen  or  felt  them,  but  where  no  one  appears  to 
have  recognised  that  they  had  seen  or  felt  them 
He  saw  the  familiar  scene  of  human  life — nature 
as  affecting  human  life  and  feeling,  and  man  as 
the  fellow  creature  of  nature,  but  also  separate 
and  beyond  it  ifi  faculties  and  destiny — had  not 
yet  rendered  up  even  to  the  mightiest  of  former 
poets  all   that  they  had   in   them  to   touch  the 
human  heart.     And  he  accepted  it  as  his  mission 
to  open  the  eyes  and  widen  the  thoughts  of  his 
countrymen,  and  to  teach  them  to  discern  in  the 
humblest   and  most   unexpected  forms   the   pre- 
sence of  what  was  kindred  to  what  they  had  long 
recognised  as  the  highest  and  greatest."*     A  fine 
portrait  of  the  poet  exists  in   the   College  hall, 
and  the   verses   which  he   wrote    to   accompany 
the  portrait,  are  to  be  seen  in  the  College  library. 
*  English  Poets,  edited  by  T.  H.  Ward,  Vol.  iv.  p.  6. 
127 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


After  a  training  at  Eton,  where  he  was  the 
friend  of  Canning,  Frere  became,  in  due  course. 
Fellow  of  Gonville  and  Caius.     For  a  time  he 


Samuel 

Taylor 

Coleridge 

(1772-1834) 

Jesus  1791. 


John 
Hookham 

Frere 
(1769-1846) 
Gon.  &  Caius  ^^^  connected  with  diplomatic  work,  and  then 

c.  1789.      gave  himself  to  literature,  and  was   acquainted 
with  all  the  great  men  of   the  period — notably 
Coleridge,    and    Walter    Scott.     With    consider- 
able   ability    hei    produced    several    humorous 
poems,  and  the  "Ode  on  ^Ethelstan's  Victoiy  " 
was  a  good  instance  of  his  clever  writing.     His 
translations  of  Aristophanes  are  widely  known. 
Coleridge,   the   Devonshire  boy,   early   in   life 
displayed  evidence?  of  that  power  which,  in  after 
years,  was  to  imake  him  so  singular  and  thought- 
ful   a    writer.       Trained    at    Christ's    Hospital, 
where  he  knew  Charles   Lamb,   and  entered  at 
Jesus  College,  he  passed  through  the  Cambridge 
course  but  took  no  degree.     Friendly  in   early 
life  with   Southey,   he  for  a  time   clung   to   the 
notion  of  the  establishment  of  an  advanced  soc- 
ial community  in  America,  but  the  idea  came  to 
naught.     He    became    acquainted    with    Words- 
worth, and  in  company  with  him  did  much  work. 
The  publication  of  his  *'  Lyrical  Ballads,"  among 
which  was  the  *'  Ancient  Mariner,"  first  brought 
him  into  notoriety,  and  these  ballads  were  written 
before  he  was   25.       His   unconventional  mode 
of  life   was   inimical    to    worldly    success,    and 
his    prospects    were    further   spoilt   by    unfortu- 
nate   habits.       For    a    time    he    travelled,    and 
came    across     German     philosophical    thought, 
which   was    so   seriously   to   influence    his   later 
128 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

writing.  Just  as  William  Law  and  John 
Byrom  brought  the  teaching  of  Behmen, 
the  Dutchman,,  to  England,  so  Coleridge  was  the 
interpreter  of  Kant,  one  of  the  greatest  of  moral 
and  religious  philosophers.  '*  Christabel "  and 
the  "  Rhyme  of  the  Ancient  Mariner  "  have  been 
justly  treasured,  and  the  other  poetical  writings 
of  Coleridge  have  left  their  impress  in  a  way, 
on  Scott,  Keats,  Shelley,  and  Byron;  but  his 
"Aids  to  Reflection'^  also  exercised  a  marvel 
lous  influence,  and  they  were  not  without  effect 
on  Newman  and  Maurice,  and,  through  both  of 
these,  on  many  others.  Thus  the  writings  of 
Coleridge  have  exercised  a  far-reaching  in- 
fluence, and  have  a  considerable  hold  on  religi 
ous  thought  at  the  present  day.  Obscure  and 
eccentric  much  of  his  poetry  must  be  held  to  be, 
but  for  all  that,  it  displayed  deep  and  earnest 
feeling. 

The  light  which  Simeon  held  aloft   in  Cam-       Henry 
bridge,  continued  to  burn  brightly  in  the  devo-      Martyn 
tion  of  many  of  his  followers;  it  shone  in  Kirke    (1781-1812) 
White,    and    it    shone    in    Martyn,    one    of    the     ^'  1°^^'^ 
greatest  and  most  devoted  of  missionaries.     The 
work  which  the  latter,   in  his  lamentably  short 
life,    did,    was    phenomenal.      Born    at    Truro, 
Martyn  graduated  as  Senior  Wrangler  from  S. 
John's,  and  became  Fellow.    For  a  time  he  worked 
at  Trinity  Church,  and  there,  strongly  impressed 
by  Simeon's  teaching,  went  forth  on  his  great 
career  in  India,  Persia,  and  Arabia;  working  with 
all  his  might,  translating  the  Scriptures,  reasoning 
129 


1797. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

with  Mohammedans,  and  planting  firmly  the 
Church  at  Cawnpore  and  Calcutta.  He  was 
suddenly  stricken  with  fever,  and  dying  at  the 
age  of  31,  left  a  name  unsurpassed  for  its  fer- 
vency of  missionary  zeal.  The  epitaph  on  him, 
written  by  Macaulay  at  the  &.ge  of  13,  is  of 
interest : — 

Here  Martyn  lies  !     In  manhood's  early  bloom 

The  Christian  hero  found  a  Pagan  tomb : 

Religion,  sorrowing  o'er  her  favourite  son 

Points  to  the  glorious  trophies  which  he  won. 

Eternal  trophies,  not  with  slaughter  red, 

Nor  stained  with  tears  by  hopeless  captives  shed  ; 

But  trophies  to  the  Cross.     For  that  dear  name 

Through  every  form  of  danger,  death,  and  shame, 

Onward  he  journeyed  to  a  happier  shore. 

Where  danger,  death,  and  shame  are  known  no  more. 

Thomas  After  wide  reading  in  early  years,  Young  came 

Young  as  Fellow  Commoner  to  Emmanuel  and  attained 
(1773-1829)  to  the  degree  of  M.D.  He  passed  to  London 
and  there,  in  addition  to  his  medical  work,  found 
time  for  much  independent  study.  He  was  known 
as  a  great  scientific  discoverer  and  possessed 
valuable  knowledge  on  the  undulatory  theory  of 
Light.  In  the  year  1799  a  basalt  slab  was 
discovered  at  Rosetta,  near  Alexandria,  inscribed 
in  hieroglyphic,  demotic  and  Greek  characters. 
After  being  removed  to  London  it  came  under  the 
notice  of  Young,  who,  about  the  year  1821,  was 
able  to  publish  a  translation  of  the  inscriptions. 
In  1822  ChampoUion  the  Frenchman,  who  had 
been  educated  at  Grenoble  and  Paris,  also 
published  a  translation  of  the  same  inscriptions : 
and  it  would  seem,  that  though  to  the  latter  credit 
130 


Emm.  1797. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


must  be  assigned  for  final  accuracy  as  regards 
the  writing,  great  lielp  in  the  work  was  afforded 
by  tlie  labours  of  Young,  whose  portrait  now 
hangs  in  the  Combination  Room  of  his  College. 

Lord  Palmerston  was  connected  as  an  under- 
graduate with  S.  John's  College,  to  which  society 
he  came  from  Harrow,  and  the  connexion  was 
renewed  when  he  became  Member  for  the  Uni- 
versity. He  soon  rose  to  eminence:  in  fact,  from 
1807  onward  till  the  end,  save  for  a  few  years, 
he  held  some  official  post,  and  in  1855  became 
Prime  Minister,  and  as  Premier  died  in  harness. 
He  was  thoroughly  respected  by  the  people  who 
hked  his  gentlemanly  bearing,  his  kindly  heart, 
and  his  love  of  sport.  Foreign  nations  respected 
him,  and  knew  that  England's  honour  was  safe 
in  such  hands  as  his.  Buoyant  and  optimistic, 
possibly  at  times  too  flippant,  but  all  the  while 
courageous,  plucky,  and  indefatigable  in  work, 
he  carried  England  through  difficult  days  with 
no  loss  of  her  prestige.  He  was  the  intimate 
friend  of  Lord  Shaftesbury,  and  lies  buried  in 
the  Abbey  near  to  Chatham,  Pitt,  and  Canning. 

Sedgwick,  the  geologist,  who  lived  to  a  great 
age,  and  in  whose  honour  the  newly-erected 
Museum  of  Geology  was  recently  opened  by  King 
Edward,  was  a  Fellow  of  Trinity.  It  was  as 
Woodwardian  Professor  that  he  made  his  name. 
Enthusiastic  and  full  of  love  for  his  work,  he 
put  new  life  into  the  study  of  his  subject.  Some 
possibly  thought  he  was  too  conservative  in  view 
—certainly  he  had  little  love  for  change  and  for 
131 


Henry  John 

Temple 

Srd  Viscount 

Palmerston 

(1784-1865) 

S.  John's 

1803. 


Adam 
Sedgwick 

(1785-1873) 
Trinity  1804. 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

the  new  scientific  ideas  which  were  in  his  day- 
being  put  forward,  but  for  his  kindly  heart  and 
well-balanced  mind  all  had  the  greatest  respect. 
The  greater  part  of  his  long  life  was  passed  in 
the  University,  and  he  lies  buried  in  Trinity 
Chapel.  His  statue  forms  a  striking  object  in 
the  new  museum. 

There  are  men  who,  at  the  present  day,  look 

1st  Viscount  "Pon  Stratford  Canning,  better  known  as  Lord 

Stratford  de  Stratford  de  Redcliffe,  as  one  of  the  wisest  of 

Redclifife     England's  administrators  abroad,  and  who  are 
(1786-1880)        .„,.,' 
Ki    '   iRos    ^        disposed   to    pay   great   attention    to   what 

were  his  views  as  regards  foreign   policy.     He 
came  to  King's  after  being  at  Eton  and  enjoyed 
the   friendship  of  Porson,    Simeon,   and    Blom 
field,   and   then   was   appointed   Ambassador   at 
Constantinople,  a  post  which  he  held  for  years. 
Confident  as  regards  the  influence  of  his  office, 
he  took  a  broad  view  of  matters,  and  ever  aimed 
at  all  that  brought  about  the  downfall  of  tyranny 
and    oppression.     Courteous    and    yet    full    of 
dignity,     with     every    possible    opportunity    of 
studying  matters,  he  largely  assisted  in  arranging 
the  so-called  "  Eastern  Question,"   and  left   on 
record    his    strong    desire    to    see     wise    and 
beneficent  reforms   urged  on   Turkey;    nor   did 
he  hesitate  to  write  of  his  suspicions  regarding 
the   intentions   of   Russia,    suspicions    which   he 
had  held  from  the   first,   and  which  were  sub- 
sequently  confirmed. 

133 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


1805. 


The  poet   student   of   S.   John's,    the   man   of  Henry  Kirke 
high  ambition  and  of  frail  constitution,  managed       White 
.to  attain  to  a  College  course  by  his  own  strenu-   (1785-1806) 
pus  toil.       The   son  of   a   Nottingham   butcher, 
with  none  to  help  till  Simeon  in  his  wisdom  took 
him  up,  this  ardent  high-souled  boy  turned  from 
'the   trade   to   which   he   was    apprenticed,    and 
sought    for    opportunity    wherein    his    love    of 
poetry  might  find  scope.     He  had  in  the  spare 
hours,   when   work   was   done,   mastered    Latin, 
Greek,    Spanish,    and    Portuguese.       His  early 
poetic  efforts  met  with  small  financial  success, 
though  great  men  praised  his  writing.     At  last 
opportunity   seemed   to    smile   when    S.    John's, 
at    Simeon's    instigation,   gave   him  a  Sizarship. 
Ability  and  spiritual  force  were  strong  within  him, 
but   he   seemed  born  for   disappointment:     one 
year    he   ,spent    at    College,    and    then    a    ten- 
dency to  consumption  became  apparent,  and  in 
the    second    October    his    gentle    spirit    passed 
away    in    his     College    rooms.       Southey    and 
Wilberforce  both  admired  him,   and  the  former 
did     much     to      help     him,      and     wrote      his 
biography.     His  poetry  may  not  be  great,   but 
there    hangs    round   it   the    memory    of  a  hard 
fight  against  terrible  odds,  and  the  breath  of   a 
piety   that   was   true   to    the   core,    and    of    an 
endeavour  that  was  set  on  the   highest   ideals. 
A  tablet  was  raised  to  his   memory  in  old  All 
Saints',  and  his  name  is  commemorated  on  the 
cross  that  faces  the  Divinity   School. 


133 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

George  Cambridge,  the  "  alma  mater  "  of  poets,  gave 

Oordon  Lord  ^^  \esist  some  inspiration  to  Byron,  who  came 
yron  {jqy^  Harrow  to  Trinity  in  1805  J  though,  wayward 
Trin  1805  ^^^"  ^^^"'  ^^  cared  little  for  the  University.  His 
early  poems  met  with  indifferent  success,  and 
it  was  not  until  he  published  "  Childe  Harold  " 
that  fame  came  to  him,  and  soon  there  followed 
"  The  Giaour "  and  "  The  Bride  of  Abydos." 
The  life  of  this  strange  and  unregulated  genius 
is  well  known:  over  his  nature  at  times  swept 
gusts  of  passion  which  left  their  mark.  He 
travelled,  swam  the  Hellespont — just  as  in  former 
days  he  swam  in  the  Cam,  in  the  pool  at 
Grantchester  which  bears  his  name — was  present 
at  the  burning  of  Shelley's  remains,  and  poured 
forth  really  grand  poetry.  But  much  that 
he  did  and  wrote  met  with  but  scant  approval 
in  England.  A  thorough  man,  with  all  a  man's 
faults  strongly  entwined  in  his  nature,  he  yet 
had  lofty  aspirations,  and  with  high-souled 
chivalry  often  took  up  the  cause  of  those 
who  suffered:  with  romantic  and  passionate 
energy  he  worked  for  the  cause  of  oppressed 
Greece,  and  caused  men  to  weep  bitter  tears 
when  he  died.  They  sent  his  body  home  to  be 
buried  in  the  Abbe}^  but  the  feehng  of  those  who 
were  responsible  could  not  permit  this  to  be,  and  the 
poet,  so  much  discussed,  so  often  maligned,  and  yet 
withal  so  incontestabl}^  great,  rests  in  the  great 
Church  of  Hucknall.  The  statue  of  him  by  Thor- 
waldsen,  which  was  refused  a  place  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  stands  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College. 
134  "" 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


John  Herschel,  like  Sir  William  before  him, 
became  a  brilliant  astronomer.  The  training 
which  the  father  gave  to  his  son  must  have  been 
extremely  valuable,  and  glimpses  of  it  are  given 
in  Sir  Robert  Ball's  "  Great  Astronomers."*  The 
boy  is  said  to  have  asked  one  day  what  were 
the  oldest  things,  and  the  father  conveyed  the 
answer  by  taking  up  a  small  stone  from  the 
garden  walk.  At  another  time  he  asked  his 
son  what  sort  of  things  were  most  alike,  and 
when  the  boy  suggested  the  leaves  of  the  same 
tree,  he  pointed  out  the  baselessness  of  his 
reply  by  making  him  examine  some  leaves  to 
see  how  unlike  they  were.  Lessons  such  as 
these  in  early  youth  doubtless  paved  the  way 
for  that  care  and  penetration  which  subse- 
quently characterised  his  work.  Entering  at  S^ 
John's  College  after  being  at  Eton,  he  took 
his  degree  as  Senior  Wrangler,  was  duly  made 
Fellow,  and  became  connected  with  Whewell  and 
Peacock.  He  specially  studied  "  nebulae,"  and 
published  several  important  works,  all  of  which 
were  written  with  great  lucidity.  He  was  buried 
in  Westminster  Abbey,  near  to  Sir  Isaac  Newton 

At  Charterhouse,  Hare  was  the  friend  of  Thirl- 
wall  and  Grote,  and  as  Fellow  of  Trinity  he  was 
associated  with  Sedgwick,  Whewell,  Sterling, 
and  Maurice,  whose  sister  he  married.  As 
lecturer  he  was  much  appreciated,  and  his 
opinion   in   literary   matters    was    held    in   high 


Sir  John 
Frederick 
WiUiam 
Herschel 
(1792-1871) 
S.  Johns 
1809. 


Julius  Charles 
Hare 

(1795-1855) 
Trin.  1812. 


*  p.  247  (quoting  Professor  Pritchard). 

135 


William 
Whewell 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

esteem.     Well   versed   in   German   theology,   he 

was  known  as  a  capable,  but  lengthy  preacher. 

Later  in  life  he  became  Archdeacon  of  Lewes. 

The  name  of  Whewell,  the  great   Master  of 

^    Trinity,  is  rightly  treasured  in  the   University. 

(1794-1866)     .  u        1.  .         r  ^  Ml.  -  . 

Trin  1812  ^     ^^         ^^^^  promise  of  brilhant   thmgs: 

he  Vv'as  the  son  of  a  Lancaster  master  carpenter 
and  educated  at  the  "  Blue  Coat "  School  in  that 
town.  At  Cambridge  he  was  in  the  set 
of  Herschel,  Peacock,  Julius  Charles  Hare, 
Thirlwall,  and  Hugh  James  Rose.  The  English 
poem  prize  fell  to  him  as  an  undergraduate,  and 
he  was  President  of  the  Union.  Everyone 
expected  him  to  be  Senior  Wrangler,  but  to  the 
surprise  of  all  he  only  took  second  place  after 
Jacob.  Rumour  had  it  that  his  competitor  for 
senior  honours  had  feigned  indolence  and  led 
Whewell  thereby  to  be  slack  in  his  reading. 
He  was  quickly  made  Fellow  and  Tutor,  and 
soon  after  Professor  of  Mineralogy.  From  that 
he  passed  to  the  Knightsbridge  Chair  of  Moral 
Philosophy.  He  had  been  successful  as  Tutor, 
and  his  reputation  was  already  great:  he  seemed 
to  know  everythirxg,  and  all  acclaimed  him 
when  the  Crown  made  him  Master  of  Trinity. 
In  his  new  post  he  advanced  the  College  and 
raised  the  tone  of  the  University.  Two  examina- 
tions were  started  mainly  through  his  efforts  in 
185 1— the  Moral  and  Natural  Science  Triposes, 
He  was  an  authority  on  architecture,  and  also  on 
philosophy  and  theology.  One  of  his  great 
works  was  on  "  The  Plurality  of  Worlds,"  and 
136 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

alike  on  "  Tides  "  and  on  "  Astronomy  "  he  wrote 
valuable  treatises.  Men  thought  him  brusque,  but 
the  kind  heart  lay  behind,  and  in  all  ways  he 
was  great.  Some  may  remember  the  thrill  of 
sorrow  which  Cambridge  felt  when  it  was  known 
that  the  Master  had  fallen  from  his  horse  near 
the  Gog  Magogs ;  as  he  lay  dying  he  asked  to  be 
placed  so  that  he  might  fully  see  the  great  court 
of  his  beloved  College — the  fairest  scene  in  Eng- 
land as  he  thought.  A  statue  was  erected 
to  his  memory  in  the  ante- Chapel  of  Trinity, 
where  his  body  rests. 

The  name  of  Rose  is  remembered  as  that  of  Hugh  James 
a  Cambridge  man  who  was  in  the  close  friend-        Rose 
ship  of  the  Oxford  Tractarian  leaders.     He  was  (1795-1838) 
distinguished    for   wide   and   accurate   learning,      "^" 
and  took  a  leading  part  in  the  current  contro- 
versies.    He  was  intimate  with  Newman,  Pusey, 
Palmer,    Richard    Hurrell    Froude,   anid    Keble, 
and   was  greatly   respected  in   the   University.* 

Connop  Thirlwall,  whose  history  of  Greece  is       Connop 
well   known,  was   at  Charterhouse,   and  in  due     Thirlwall 
course  became  Fellow  of  Trinity.     At  Cambridge   (^^^^-^STS) 
he  took  a  strong  line  in  favour  of  the  admission 
of    students    to    the    University    irrespective    of 
their  religious   views,   and   held   no    very  great 
appreciation    for     the     system     of     compulsory 
attendance    at     College     Chapel.       Christopher 
Wordsworth,  the  Master  of  Trinity,  opposed  him, 
and   in    due    course    he    resigned    the    post    of 
Assistant  Tutor,  though  he  remained  a  member 
of    the    College.     He    was    intimate    with    John 

*  Newman  dedicated  to  Rose  the  4th  Vol.  of  ' '  Parochial 
and  Plain  Sermons.*' 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


John  Stevens 

Henslow 

(1796-1861) 

St.  John's 

1814. 


Henry  Melvill 

(1798-1871) 

S.  John's 

1817. 
Pet.  1820. 


Thomas 
Babington 

Lord 

Macaulay 

(1800-1859) 

Trin.  1818. 


Stuart  Mill  and  George  Grote,  and  eventually 
became  Bishop  of  S.  David's.  He  loved  the 
quiet  of  his  country  home,  and,  possibly  rather  a 
scholar  than  a  great  Bishop,  he  has  left  a  name 
which  is  widely  known,  and  lies  buried  in  the  same 
grave  as  George  Grote  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

In  the  same  year,  John  Stevens  Henslow, 
the  friend  of  Adam  Sedgwick,  Edward  Daniel 
Clarke,  and  Darwin,  received  his  training  at 
S.  John's  and  later  on  proved  successful  as 
Professor  of  Mineralogy,  and  then  of  Botany 
He  was  also  beloved  as  Curate  of  Little  S, 
Mary's.  Several  works  were  written  by  him, 
and  he  is  remembered  as  a  delightful  character. 

Within  recent  years,  when  visitors  were  dilat- 
ing on  the  merits  of  Dr.  Liddon  as  a  preacher, 
a  verger  of  S.  Paul's  Cathedral  used  to  remark 
that  Melvill,  also  a  former  Canon  of  S.  Paul's, 
had  in  his  day  even  a  greater  reputation.  He 
had  entered  at  S.  John's,  and  was  later  on 
Fellow  and  Tutor  of  Peterhouse,  after  graduat- 
ing as  2nd  Wrangler,  and  was  for  a  time  Vicar 
of  S.  Marj'  the  Less.  Melvill  was  buried  in  the 
crypt  of  London's  great  Cathedral. 

It  was  along  the  pathway  by  the  Chapel  at 
Trinity  that  Macaulay,  the  future  popular  essayist 
and  historian,  often  walked:  it  is  in  the  Chapel 
itself  that  his  statue  stands,  graven  with  Sir 
Richard  Jebb's  inscription;  and  possibly  no  name 
of  Cambridge  connexion  is  better  known  thac. 
that  of  the  writer  of  the  "  Lays  of  Ancient 
Rome."  After  going  to  school  at  Little  Shelford, 
138 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

the  boy  of  marvellous  memory  and  rare  ability 
entered  the  University.  He  gained  the  Craven 
Scholarship,  as  well  as  several  prizes,  and  becom- 
ing Fellow  quickly  rose  to  eminence.  After  enter- 
ing the  House  of  Commons  he  accepted  for  a 
while  a  post  in  India.  Then  came  the  publica- 
tion of  the  "  Lays,"  the  "  Essays "  and  the 
'-  History."  On  historical  matters  he  shed  a 
new  light  and  invested  whole  periods  with 
living  and  dramatic  interest.  Possibly  he  was 
not  strictly  accurate,  and  at  times  his  estimate 
of  things  was  hardly  fair,  but  he  wrote  with 
graphic  and  fascinating  clearness.  His  Essays, 
in  a  way,  did  even  more  effectual  work,  for 
they  popularised  history;  they  were  not  without 
faults,  for  Macaulay  often  displayed  bias  and 
looked  at  things  from  the  "  Early  Victorian " 
standpoint.  On  the  subjects  of  philosophy  and 
of  religion  he  often  went  far  astray,  and  his 
view  of  the  Church  of  England  was  ill-founded 
and  narrow;  but  yet  he  wrote  "largely,"  and 
his  striking  utterances  stand  to  be  ever  remem- 
bered, if  not  always  agreed  with.  He  had  known 
Miiner,  Moultrie,  and  Charles  Austin  in  Cam- 
bridge days:  ^t  the  Union  he  was  a 
prominent  speaker,  and  his  oratory  was  admired 
in  the  Commons.  Kind-hearted  and  upright, 
and  of  great  amiability,  he  occupied  a  great 
place  in  his  day. 

George  Airy  entered  Trinity  in  1819,  and  took     sir  George 
the    degree    of    Senior    Wrangler.     He    became  ^Jo^^^i^nof 

(Io01-lo92) 

Fellow  and  was  appointed  Lucasian   Professor,    Trin.  1819. 
139 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

and  then  Plumian  Professor  of  Astronomy  and 
Director  of  the  Observatory.  Later  in  life  he 
became  Astronomer  Royal.  He  was  a  great 
writer,  and  living  to  an  advanced  age,  left  a  most 
worthy  record  behind  him. 

James  Challis  Airy  was  followed  two  years  later  by  Challis, 
(1803-1882)  .^yj^Q  entered  jat  Trinity  College  and  gradu- 
ated as  Senior  Wrangler.  Becoming  later  on 
Plumian  Professor  of  Astronomy  and  Director  of 
the  Observatory,  he  was  much  connected  with 
Adams  and  Airy  in  the  discoveries  they  made. 

Sir  Alexander      Cockbum,  the  well-known  Chief  Justice,  who 

*°^®*        tried  the  Wainwright  murder  and  the  memorable 

„   .,  Tichbome   case,   was   Fellow  of   the   Hall.     He 

Cockbum  ' 

(1802-1880)    ^^^    contemporary    with    Lytton;    and  like    him 

Trin.H.i822a  speaker  at  the  Union.     He  became  a  noted 

Judge,  and  was  on  the  Commission  in  the  Geneva 

arbitration  over  the  Alabama  claims. 

Edward  Lytton's  novels  take  a  high  place  in  popular 

u  war,  1st   es^jjnation.     Opinions  possibly  differ  as  to  their 
Lord  Lytton 
(1803-1873)   excellence,   but   they   have   been   widely   appre- 

ifcTrin.  1822  ciated.  It  is  only  necessary  to  mention 
Trin.  H.  1822  "  Pelham  "  and  "  Paul  Clififord,"  and  the  later 
and  better  known  works  "  Rienzi "  and  "  The 
Last  Days  of  Pompeii,"  to  recall  his  fame: 
Among  the  plays  he  wrote,  the  "  Lady  of  Lyons  " 
and  "  Richelieu  "  still  hold  their  own.  First  at 
Trinity  and  then  passing  to  the  Hall,  he  entered 
fully  into  University  life,  and  together  with  Cock- 
burn,  often  spoke  at  the  Union.  He  was  Member 
of  Parliament  for  some  years,  and  Secretary  of 
State  for  the  Colonies. 

140 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Willis  was   one   of   the  great  mathematicians  Bobert  Willis 
who    came   to   the   University   about   this   tima    (1800-1875) 
He  became  Fellow  of  Gonville  and  Caius,  and     °",ooo  ^"^^ 

lo22  ■ 

Jacksonian  Professor  of  Experimental  Philosophy. 
He  made  many  improvements  which  were  of  service 
to  the  nation,  and  had  a  wide  acquaintance  with 
architecture,  and  a  special  knowledge  of  the 
architectural   history  of   Cambridge. 

As  a  boy,  Maurice  is  said  to  have  formed  the  Frederick 
idea  which  eventually  took  shape  in  the  writing  Venison  ^ 
of  his  great  work,  "The  Kingdom  of  Christ" 
— a  book  which  still  widely  influences  religious  ^^^^  ^^23 
thought.  He  was  at  Trinity,  and  then  at  the  Trin.  H.  1825 
Hall,  but  gave  up  the  thought  of  a  Fellowship. 
Intimate  with  Gladstone,  Carlyle,  Kingsley,  and 
Stanley,  he  became  well  known  as  a  London 
preacher,  and  later  on  lattracted  crowds  of 
thoughtful  men  at  S.  Edward's  in  Cambridge. 
His  views  were  not  acceptable  to  all:  rumours 
of  sceptical  leanings  brought  about  his  eject- 
ment from  his  Professorship  at  King's  College, 
London.  The  suspicions  hurt  his  gentle  nature, 
but  he  went  steadily  on  his  way  and  accepted 
the  Chair  of  Moral  Philosophy  at  Cambridge. 
Men  thought  him  hazy,  but  he  saw  below  the 
surface  of  things,  and  his  views  were  solidly 
founded,  and  he  did  much  to  make  others  see 
the  value  of  the  historic  element  in  Theology. 
He  was  greatly  interested  in  Christian  Socialism, 
and  his  advocacy  of  working  men's  colleges 
evinced  his  keen  solicitude  for  the  advance- 
ment of  his  fellow  men.  He  seems,  in  early 
141 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

days,     to    have    spoken    at     the    Union,*    and 
throughout   his   life   he   nobly   upheld  the  truth 
as    it   impressed    him.       His    influence   in   theo- 
logical   thought    is    much    recognised    at    the 
present  day,  and  now  that  the  din  of  controversy 
has  passed,  it  is  recognised  how  great  a  teacher  he 
was,  and  what  a  beautiful  character  he  possessed. 
John  Sterling      In  the  same  year  there  came  to  Trinity  one 
(1806-1844)    ^yi^Q   ^y^g   widely   admired,   and   is   remembered 
Trin.  1824.    ^^^   ^^^y   for   the   poems   and   prose   works    he 
H.  1825  r^YQ^Q^  ijut  f Qj-  j^is  intimacy  with  many  great  men 
of  his  day.     J.  C.  Hare,  F.  D.  Maurice,  Trench, 
Coleridge,    Wordsworth,     and    Edward    Irving, 
all    seemed    impressed   .\vith   the    charm    of    his 
character,  and  his  memory  was  made  famous  by 
the  biography  which  Carlyle  wrote  of  him.     He 
died  at  the  early  age  of  38. 
Eichard  In  the  next  year,   Richard   Chenevix  Trench 

Chenevix      was,    after   being    educated   at    Harrow,    placed 
Trench       at  Trinity,  and  became  the  friend  of  Maurice, 
(1807-1886)   Tennyson,  Hallam,  and  later,  of  Samuel  Wilber- 
Trin.  1825.    force.     He    was     promoted     to     be    Dean     of 
Westminster   and   then   Archbishop   of    Dublia 
His  writings  on  the  "  Parables  "  and  "  Miracles  " 
of  our  Lord  were  widely  known,  and  his  "  Study 
of    Words"    had    a    large    circulation.       He    is 
buried  in  the  Abbey. 
Edward  Edward   Fitzgerald,    during    his    residence   at 

Fitzgerald    Trinity,    was    the    friend    of    Spedding,    W.    B. 
(1809-1883)   Donne,!^ ^Thompson,    and    Thackeray;    in    later 
Trin.  1826.    years  he  was  intimate  with  Tennyson,  Carlyle, 
and  George    Crabbe.      Great   was   the  affection 
and  regard  which  one  and  all  of  them  had  for 

*  On  this  point  there  is  some  doubt. 
142 


(1807-1885) 
Trin.  1826. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

this  scholar  of  refined  taste  and  charming 
manner,  who  revelled  in  literature,  and  thus  fol- 
lowed out  his  meditative  and  dreamy  bent.  He 
has  left  us  "  Polonius  "  and  "  Euphranor,"  and, 
more  than  all,  he  revivified  rather  than  translated 
the  "  Quatrains "  of  the  Persian  poet,  Omar 
Khayydm,  and  thus  ^ave  to  the  world  a  work 
which  will  prove  lasting  in  its  effect  of  affording 
an  insight  into  delightful,  if  somewhat  pessimistic 
Eastern  poetry. 

'  Christopher  Wordsworth,  son  of  the  Master  of  Christopher 
Trinity,  and  nephew  of  the  poet,  took  the  degree  Wordsworth 
of  Senior  Classic,  and  in  addition  gained  a  large 
number  of  Scholarships  and  prizes.  He  was  for 
a  time  Public  Orator  of  the  University,  and  then 
Head  Master  of  Harrow.  As  Bishop  of  Lincoln 
he  was  widely  known,  and  wrote  a  Commentary 
on  the  whole  Bible.  Scholarly,  sedate  in  manner, 
and  seeming  almost  to  be  one  of  the  ancient 
Fathers  of  the  early  Church  alive  again,  he  was 
looked  up  to  as  a  great  authority  on  Church 
matters. 

The    name    of    Lord    Houghton    was    widely      Richard 
known  in  the  last  half  of  the  nineteenth  century      Monckton 
At  Trinity  he  had  been  the  pupil  of  Thirlwall,       Miines, 

and  in  the   society   of  that  group  of  students,        '     °' 

;      M      ^  r       J-  Houghton 

known  as      Apostles,     who   met  for  discussion   dcoo.iggs^ 

and  criticism  in  the   University.      Among  them    xrin,  1827 

were  Trench,  Thompson,  Alford,  F.  D.  Maurice, 

Sterling,     Maine,     Buller,     Tennyson,     Hallam, 

J.   M.  Kemble,  Venables  and  Merivale.      Later, 

he  knew  Gladstone,  Wordsworth,  Emerson  and 

143 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


James 

Speddiug 

(1808-1881) 

Trin.  1827. 


George 

Augustus 

Selwyn 

(1809-1878) 

S.John's 

1827. 


Charles 
Bobert 
Darwin 

(1809-1882) 
Chr.  1828. 


Carlyle.  His  literary  output  was  large,  and  he 
wrote  several  poems.  In  all  ways  he  was  greatly 
respected  and  admired. 

For  James  Spedding,  the  Editor  of  Bacon's 
Works,  the  Univ^ersity  had  strong  regard,  and 
would  have  wished  to  make  him  Professor  of 
Modern  History  when  Kingsley  died.  At  Trinity 
he  was  one  of  the  "  Apostles,"  and  in  later  years 
proved  to  be  a  writer  of  considerable  power. 

George  Augustus  Selwyn,  after  being  at  Eton, 
where  he  was  the  friend  of  Gladstone,  came  as 
scholar  to  S.  John's,  and,  taking  the  degree 
of  Second  Classic,  was  in  due  course  made 
Fellow.  He  is  remembered  as  a  great  Bishop. 
Called  to  be  diocesan  of  New  Zealand,  he  threw 
marvellous  energy  into  the  work  and  shewed 
what  a  Colonial  Prelate  could  do.  Under  his 
rule,  more  Bishops  were  appointed  for  the 
island,  and  really  efficient  work  was  carried 
on.  The  Lambeth  Conference,  now  of  much 
moment,  owed  its  inception  to  a  large  extend 
to  his  foresight.  Becoming  later  Bishop  of 
Lichfield,  he  equally  made  his  mark  in  a  home 
diocese,  and  left  a  name  which  is  held  in  high 
esteem. 

Christ's  was  the  home  of  Darwin,  the  great 
naturalist,  and  the  days  at  College  were  a  happy 
period  in  his  life.  The  studies  of  the  place  did 
not  attract  him:  he  was  even  then  thinking  on 
other  lines,  which  were  to  lead  to  his  famous 
theories.  All  that  was  high  and  lofty  in  ideal 
found  favourwltK~liirn7~ahd'Tie'waFloved  and 
144 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


respected  by  friends  throughout  his  life.  The 
famous  trip  in  H.M.S.  Beagle,  which  enabled 
him  to  lay  the  foundation  of  his  subsequent  know- 
ledge, was  taken  in  1831,  and  then  on  his  returc 
came  the  removal  to  Kent,  where  for  years  he 
carried  on  his  investigations.  No  trouble  was 
too  great,  no  detail  too  insignificant,  for  the 
careful  balancing  of  facts  which  he  set  himself 
to  acquire,  and  which  took  up  all  his  time  for 
many  years;  and  when  in  1859  he  published  his 
"  Origin  of  Species,"  followed  twelve  years  later 
by  "  The  Descent  of  Man,'^  the  world  discovered 
that  it  had  a  great  investigatoi"  in  its  midst. 
Possibly  now  not  all  of  his  conclusions  would 
be  unhesitatingly  accepted,  but  for  the  boldness 
with  which  he  advanced  what  appeared  to  him 
the  truth,  all  thinking  men  had  the  greatest 
regard  and  his  theories  produced  a  most 
important  effect  upon  the  world's  thought.  Even 
those  who  failed  to  agree  with  him  admired  his 
gentle  nature  and  the  devotion  with  which  he 
gave  himself  up  to  the  study  which  he  did  sq 
much  to  elucidate.  He  was  the  intimate  friend 
at  Cambridge  of  Henslow,  and  later  on  of 
Hooker,  and  Lyell,  and  all  the  great  scientific 
men  of  the  day.  He  lies  buried  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  In  1909,  one  hundred  years  after  Dar- 
win's birth,  and  fifty  years  after  the  publication 
of  the  "  Origin  of  Species,"  there  was  a  great 
gathering  at  Cambridge  of  men  of  science  from 
all  parts  of  the  world,  to  testify  to  the  high 
appreciation  in  which  the  name  of  Darwin  is  held 
at  the  present  day. 

H5 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Alexander         Kinglake,  the  historian  of  the  Crimean  War, 
William      and    the   writer   of    "  Eothen,"    was   at   Trinity, 

Kmgiake     after    being    at    Eton    under    Keate.     He    was 

'  intimate    with   Thackeray   and   Tennyson,     and 

greatly  admired  as  an  author. 

Alfred  When    Tennyson    came    to   Trinity,    he    soon 

Lord         passed    into    the    close    friendship    of    the    men 

Tennyson     ^j^q  were  styled   '^A^postles."     For  one  of  them, 

<1809-1892)  Arthur  Hallam,  he  had  great  affection,  and 
Hallam's  early  death  became  memorable  in  the 
verses  of  "  In  Memoriam."  Later  in  life  he 
was  intimate  with  Gladstone.  Kingsley^  and 
Maurice,  to  whose  teaching  he  paid  great  defer- 
ence. Over  the  minds  of  Englishmen  Tennyson 
had  full  control,  and  to  them  he  spoke  as  no  other 
could.  Patriotic  and  loyal,  he  appealed  to  his 
countrymen's  feelings  and  affections  in  noble 
lines  which  were  well  thought  out  and  always 
within  their  range  of  understanding.  There  is 
only  need  to  mention  "  Idylls  of  the  King," 
*'  Two  Voices,"  "  In  Memoriam,"  "  Maud," 
*'  Charge  of  the  Light  Brigade,"  and  "  Crossing 
the  Bar,"  to  recall  the  interest  with  which  his 
poems  were  received.  In  the  writing  of  drama 
he  was,  perhaps,  not  thoroughly  successful,  but 
"  Queen  Mary  "  and  "  Becket  "  contained  much 
that  was  good.  The  nation  grieved  v/hen  he 
passed  away,  and  with  a  widespread  sense  of 
loss  he  was  laid  to  his  rest  in  the  Abbey  by 
the  side  of  Robert  Browning.  A  statue  of  him 
has  recently  been  placed  in  the  Chapel  of  Trinity 
College. 

146 


Trin.  1829 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Alford,    whose    name    is    well-known    in    con-  Henry  Alford 
nexion  with   Greek  Testament   studies  and  the    (1810-1871) 
early    attempts    to    form    an    English    Revised    '^""-  ^^^^• 
Version,  took  his  degree  from  Trinity.     He  was 
a  good  scholar  and  a  man  of  much  culture  and 
refined  thought.     He  enjoyed  the  friendship  of 
that  well-known  group  of  students  who  gathered 
round     Tennj^son.       He    subsequently     became 
Dean  of   Canterbury. 

The  name  of  Thackeray  is  known  throughout  william 
the  English  speaking  world.  The  great  works  Makepeace 
which  he  wrote  rank  as  masterpieces  of  the  Thackeray 
novelist's  art.  His  insight  into  character  and  (1811-1863) 
the  beauty  of  many  of  his  tales  render  necessary 
some  knowledge  of  his  writings  for  every  person 
who  claims  to  be  educated,  and  the  drawing  of 
the  men  and  women  he  so  cleverly  portrayed 
can  hardly  be  surpassed.  He  had  been  at 
Charterhouse,  and  came  to  Trinity  as  one  of 
VVhewell's  pupils :  his  rooms  are  still  shewn  in 
the  First  Court,  and  among  his  friends  were 
Thompson,  Kinglake,  Monckton  Milnes,  and 
Tennyson.  The  Union  Society  claims  him  as 
one  who  spoke  at  the  debates.  He  took  no 
degree,  but  after  travelling  went  for  a  time 
to  the  Bar,  and  then  began  his  first  literary 
efforts  in  journalism.  He  worked  hard  but  with 
indifferent  success,  and  it  is  almost  saddening 
to  hear  of  this  man  of  master  mind  and  powerful 
presence  toiling  for  his  daily  bread,  and  waiting 
long  in  vain  for  that  acceptance  which  he  so 
hoped  to  see.  Even  ''Vanity  Fair"  was  at 
147 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

the  first  a  failure :  shortly  after  followed  "  The 
Virginians,"  and  that  story  of  his  old  Charterr 
house  home,  "The  Newcomes,"  which  is  so  gener- 
ally loved.    "  Esmond  "  is  by  some  considered  to 
be  one  of  the  finest  novels  ever  written.  After 
his  death  the  public  gave  him  that  tribute  which, 
to  some  extent  at  least,  had  been  denied  him 
in  life,  and  he  rests  in  the  Abbey. 
John  William      It  has  fallen  to  few  people  to  stir  the  religious 
Colenso       world  so  effectually  as  did  Colenso  in  his  day. 
(1814-1883)    So-called  advanced  Biblical  criticism  was  then 

■   °  "  ^     virtually  unknown  in  England,  and  the  extreme 
1832. 

views  that  he  put  forward,  with  reference  to  the 

Old  Testament,  brought  a  storm  of  obloquy 
about  his  head.  Born  in  poverty  and  lacking 
advantages,  by  sheer  strength  of  will  he  made 
his  way  to  Cambridge  and  graduated  from  S. 
John's  as  Second  Wrangler  and  Smith's  Prize- 
man. He  became  Fellow  and  was  afterwards 
a  Mathematical  Mastei^  ,at  Harrow.  He  was  then 
appointed  Bishop  of  Natal,  and  applied  his 
energies  to  the  study  of  the  Zulu  language. 
But  his  fame  rests  upon  the  bold  views  he 
took  with  regard  to  the  Pentateuch:  views 
which,  though  now  generally  accepted,  were  at 
the  time  regarded  as  almost  blasphemous. 
The  Evangelical  party  felt  his  action  deeply: 
that  he  was  extremely  rash  is  hardly  to  be 
doubted,  and  even  Maurice,  who  had  been  his 
friend  for  some  time,  severed  himself  from 
him.  Bishop  Gray,  the  Metropolitan  of  Cape 
Town,  claimed  to  have  power  to  try  him  for 
148 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

heresy,  and  duly  deposed  and  excommunicated 
him,  and  diverted  from  him  all  the  funds 
he  could.  For  years  the  controversy  raged— 
Colenso  defied  his  foes,  refused  to  resign  and 
braved  the  issues.  Only  recently  has  the  dis- 
turbed state  of  his  diocese  passed  away.  Into 
the  merits  of  the  controversy  there  is  no  need 
to  enter:  deplorable  as  it  was  it  seemed  inevit- 
able. For  one  thing  we  may  be  thankful: 
throughout  the  trouble  all  fair-minded  men 
rejoiced  to  recognise  the  integrity  v/hich  had 
characterised  ,the  Bishop  through  his  life:  he 
fought  for  what  seemed  to  him  truth  and  honour, 
and  his  vv'orst  enemies  found  him  a  fair  and 
generous    opponent. 

Vaughan  entered  Trinity  in  1834,  and  after  Charles  John 
obtaining  a  scholarship,  took  his  degree  in  1838  Vaughan 
as  Senior  Classic  and  Chancellor's  Medallist,  (1816-1897) 
being  bracketed  with  Lord  Lyttelton.  He  was 
made  Fellow  of  his  College,  and  became  suc- 
cessively Head  Master  of  Harrow,  Vicar  of  Don- 
caster,  Master  of  the  Temple,  and,  late  in  life. 
Dean  of  Llandaff.  Devoting  himself  to  Bibhcal 
study  and  avoiding  every  form  of  controversy, 
he  went  quietly  on  his  way,  and  refused  pro- 
motion to  episcopal  oftice.  He  was  widely 
known  as  an  attractive  and  thoughtful  preacher, 
and  as  one  who  had  a  peculiar  aptitude  for  train- 
ing men  for  the  ministry,  and  impressing  them 
with  his  own  deep  earnestness  and  sanctity  of 
life. 


149 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

of  48  years  was  almost  phenomenal — a  great 
linguist,  theologian,  and  litiirgiologist,  with  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  the  Eastern  Church,  he 
was  also  famous  as  a  translator  of  Greek  and  Latin 
hymns.  He  could  turn  English  poetry  into  perfect 
Latin  verse  with  extraordinary  facility  :  a  story  is 
related  with  regard  to  a  call  which  he  made  on 
Kebleat  Hursley  :  "After  talking  with  his  guest, 
Keble  left  the  room  to  search  for  papers,  and  was 
unexpectedly  detained.  When  he  returned,  Neale 
observed  wath  a  touch  of  reproach,  that  he  had 
always  understood  the  *  Christian  Year'  to  be 
entirely  original.  Keble  replied  that  it  most  cer- 
tainly was.  'Then  how^  do  you  explain  this?'  and 
Neale  drew  forth  a  Latin  version  of  one  of 
the  poems,  and  placed  it  before  him.  Keble, 
too  simple-minded  to  be  suspicious,  was  con- 
founded, and  could  only  protest  in  distressed 
astonishment  that  he  had  never  seen  the 
original  before:  but,  though  relieved,  he  can 
hardly  have  been  less  surprised  when  Neale 
explained  that  he  had  taken  advantage  of  his 
absence  to  turn  the  English  into  Latin."*  For 
eleven  years  in  succession  he  obtained  the  Sea- 
tonian  Prize,  and  many  of  our  best  known 
English  Ijymns  are  due  to  him.  His  stories 
for  the  young  are  also  widely  appreciated.  He 
was  intimate  with  Challis,  Goodwin,  Beresford 
Hope,  F.  A.  Paley,  George  Williams^  Pugin,  and 
Littledale.      He  founded  the  sisterhood  at  East 

*  E.  A.  Towie,  John  Mason  Neale,  p.  213. 
:  152 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Grinstead,  and  lies  buried  in  the  Parish  Church- 
yard. 

Possessed  of  a  gentle  nature  and  many  great  Robert  Leslie 
moral  qualities,  Ellis  deeply  impressed  the  Cam-        Ellis 
bridge  men   of  his  day.     Taking  the   degree  of   (1817-1859) 
Senior   Wrangler    when    Goodwin    was    placed 
second,    he    became    FelloAv   of    Trinity,    wrote 
several   papers  on   scientific  and   linguistic   sub- 
jects, and  joined  Spedding  in  editing  the  works 
of  Bacon.      Of  frail  constitution,  after  a  suffer- 
ing  life,  he  passed  away   at  the  age  of  42. 

George    Gabriel    Stokes,    who    v/as    born    in     sir  George 

Ireland,   was   educated   at   Bristol    College.      He       Gabriel 

entered  Pembroke,  and  becoming  Senior  Wrang-        Stokes 

ler    and    Smith's    Prizeman   was    made    Fellow.    ^ 

Pemb.  1837. 
Men  of  high  genius  were  at  the  University  just 

then:  Cayley  was  Senior  Wrangler  in  1842, 
Adams  in  1843,  and  Thomson  followed  only 
two  years  later.  In  1849  Stokes  was  appointed 
Lucasian  Professor,  a  post  which  he  held  for  50 
years:  throughout  that  period  he  was  regarded 
as  one  ^of  the  foremost  scientists  of  his  day, 
and  to  his  opinion  great  deference  was  paid. 
While  he  gave  special  attention  to  hydro- 
dynamics, pptics,  ,and  acoustics,  he  was  an 
acknowledged  authority  upon  every  scientific 
question.  At  times  he  interested  himself  in  the 
commonplace  facts  of  everyday  life:  it  is  re- 
lated that  he  loved  to  try  and  explain  the  reasons 
why  old  glass  of  stained  windows  seems  to  us  to 

*  R.  L.  Ellis,  Biographical  Memoir  of, 
by  H.  Goodwin,  p.  xix. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

of  48  years  was  almost  phenomenal — a  great 
linguist,  theologian,  and  liturgiologist,  with  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  the  Eastern  Church,  he 
was  also  famous  as  a  translator  of  Greek  and  Latin 
hymns.  He  could  turn  English  poetry  into  perfect 
Latin  verse  with  extraordinary  facility  :  a  story  is 
related  with  regard  to  a  call  which  he  made  on 
Kebleat  Hursley  :  "After  talking  with  his  guest, 
Keble  left  the  room  to  search  for  papers,  and  was 
unexpectedly  detained.  When  he  returned,  Neale 
observed  with  a  touch  of  reproach,  that  he  had 
always  understood  the  'Christian  Year'  to  be 
entirely  original.  Keble  replied  that  it  most  cer- 
tainly was.  'Then  how^  do  you  explain  this?'  and 
Neale  drew  forth  a  Latin  version  of  one  of 
the  poems,  and  placed  it  before  him.  Keble, 
too  simple-minded  to  be  suspicious,  was  con- 
founded, and  could  only  protest  in  distressed 
astonishment  that  he  had  never  seen  the 
original  before:  but,  though  relieved,  he  can 
hardly  have  been  less  surprised  when  Neale 
explained  that  he  had  taken  advantage  of  his 
absence  to  turn  the  English  into  Latin."*  For 
eleven  years  in  succession  he  obtained  the  Sea- 
tonian  Prize,  and  many  of  our  best  known 
English  Ijymns  are  due  to  him.  His  stories 
for  the  young  are  also  widely  appreciated.  He 
was  intimate  with  Challis,  Goodwin,  Beresford 
Hope,  F.  A.  Paley,  George  Williams^  Pugin,  and 
Littledale.      He  founded  the  sisterhood  at  East 

*  E.  A.  Towle,  John  Mason  Neale,  p.  213. 
:  152 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Grinstead,  and  lies  buried  in  the  Parish  Church- 
yard. 

Possessed  of  a  gentle  nature  and  many  great  Robert  Leslie 
moral  qualities,  Ellis  deeply  impressed  the  Cam-        Ellis 
bridge  men   of  his  day.     Taking  the   degree  of   (1817-1859) 
Senior   Wrangler    when    Goodwin    was    placed 
second,    he    became    FelloAv   of    Trinity,    wrote 
several   papers  on   scientific  and   linguistic   sub- 
jects, and  joined  Spedding  in  editing  the  works 
of  Bacon.      Of  frail  constitution,  after  a  suffer- 
ing  life,  he  passed  away   at  the  age  of  42. 

George    Gabriel    Stokes,    who    v/as    born    in     sir  George 
Ireland,   was   educated   at  Bristol    College.      He       Gabriel 
entered  Pembroke,  and  becoming  Senior  Wrang-        Stokes 
ler    and    Smith's    Prizeman   was    made    Fellow.    ^     .      ..^ 
Men  of  high  genius  were  at  the  University  just 
then:     Cayley  was   Senior  Wrangler    in    1842, 
Adams    in    1843,    and    Thomson    followed    only 
two  years  later.  In   1849   Stokes  was  appointed 
Lucasian  Professor,  a  post  which  he  held  for  50 
years:  throughout  that  period  he  was  regarded 
as   one   oi   the   foremost   scientists   of   his   day, 
and   to  his  opinion  great    deference   was   paid. 
While    he    gave     special    attention    to    hydro- 
dynamics,   pptics,    and    acoustics,    he    was    an 
acknowledged    authority    upon    every    scientific 
question.     At  times  he  interested  himself  in  the 
commonplace   facts   of  everyday  life:   it   is   re- 
lated that  he  loved  to  try  and  explain  the  reasons 
why  old  glass  of  stained  windows  seems  to  us  to 

*  R.  L.  Ellis,  Biographical  Memoir  of, 
by  H.  Goodwin,  p.  xix. 


Pemb.  1837. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


have  especial  beauty,  and  why  some  particular 
fashion  of  dress  is  pleasing  to  the  eye,  or  the 
reverse.  His  accurate  mind  easily  detected 
a  fault:  once  at  an  Academy  dinner,  he 
pointed  out  that  the  colours  of  the  rainbow 
depicted  ^n  a  prominent  picture,  were  in  the 
wrong  order. *^'  After  being  Secretary  to  the 
Royal  Society  for  many  years,  he  became 
President:  and  for  four  years  he  represented 
the  University  in  Parliament.  Reserved  in 
manner  and  often  silent,  he  was  yet  full  of 
human  kindness,  and  his  scientific  intelligence 
found  no  difficulty  in  accepting  Christian  doc- 
trines. In  1899,  his  jubilee  as  Professor  was 
kept  with  much  ceremony,  and  in  1902  he  was 
appointed  to  the  Mastership  of  the  College.  He 
died,  universally  respected,  the  following  year, 
and  a  medallion  pf  him  was  placed  in  West- 
minster Abbey. 
Alexander  The  name  of  Beresford-Hope,  Member  of 
James  Beres-   Parliament  for  the  University,  was  in  the  minds 

ope     ^|-  (^ambridere  men  for  many  years.      Connected 
(1820-1887)        .  .     ,^         "^^  ,   _  .    .        ''.''  „      ^ 

^  .      ,„,^   ivith  Harrow  and   innity,   he  was  an  excellent 
Tnn.  1837.  -^ ' 

example  of  those  men  who  faithfully  serve  both 
Church  and  realm.  He  most  liberally  restored 
S.  Augustine's  College,  Canterbury,  and  largely 
aided  in  building  the  beautiful  Church  of  All 
Saints',  Margaret  Street,  erected  for  the  special 
purpose  of  setting  forth  at  its  best  the  stately 
worship  of  the  English  Church.  In  all  Church 
questions  in  Parliament  he  took  a  livel}^  interest. 

Sir  G.  G.  Stokes.      Memoir,  pp.  20,  21,  23. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Cayley,  the  Senior  Wrangler  and  the  scholar 

Arthur 
and  Fellow  of   Trinity,   passed  most  of  his  life        „    , 

in   ardent   mathematical   research.     He   became    (i82i-l895) 
Sadlerian  Professor  of   Pure   Mathematics,  and    Trin.  1838. 
his  opinion  on  all  scientific  matters  was  treated 
with   the    greatest   respect,   both    at    home   and 
abroad.     His  portrait  is  in  the  Dining  Hall  at 
Trinity. 

The  author  of  "  Westward  Ho  !  "  has  a  fame  „,  , 
that  may  be  envied.  Born  in  Devon,  he  xingsley 
matriculated  at  Magdalene  and  became  scholan  (1819-1875) 
In  early  days,  he  admired  Maurice,  Coleridge,  Magd.  1838. 
and  Carlyle,  and  in  later  years  he  was  the 
intimate  friend  of  Martineau,  Arthur  Stanley, 
Froude,  J.  S.  Mill,  and  Thomas  Hughes.  From 
the  quiet  of  Eversley  he  gave  to  the  world 
*'  Yeast,"  "  Alton  Locke,"  "  Hypatia,"  "  West- 
ward Ho  !  "  and  "  Two  Years  Ago  " — novels 
which  are  still  widely  read.  As  a  thinker  he 
achieved  high  renown,  and  the  charm  of  his  con- 
versation was  remarkable;  and  when  Cambridge 
called  him  to  be  Professor  of  Modern  History, 
his  lectures  became  very  popular.  Strong  in 
his  appreciation  of  all  that  was  noble,  his  sturdy 
manliness  of  thought  left  a  great  impression  on 
the  English  mind,  and  the  people  learned  to 
love  and  respect  the  teaching  of  this  great 
Christian  writer  who  worked  for  the  highest 
ends. 


155 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Jolin  Couch        Adams,   who   was   to   become   famous   as   the 
Adams       discoverer  of  the  planet   Neptune,   was  entered 

(1819-1892)  as  an  undergraduate  at  S.  John's  in  1839.  A 
S.  John  s  Cornishman  by  birth,  he  took  his  degree  as 
Senior  Wrangler,  and  his  papers  were  said 
to  be  of  exceptional  merit.  As  Fellow 
of  his  College  he  gave  himself  up  to 
advanced  mathematical  study,  and  eagerly  tried 
to  discover  the  reason  for  the  irregularities  in 
the  motion  of  Uranus.  Deep  investigations  led 
him  to  prove  the  existence  of  another,  and  as 
yet  unknown  planet,  and  he  left  a  record  of 
his  discovery  with  Airy  in  1845;  j^st  after  this 
time  the  French  astronomer,  Leverrier,  pub- 
lished exactly  similar  conclusions,  at  which  he 
had  arrived  by  independent  study:  thus  by 
English  and  French  authority  there  was  suddenly 
revealed  to  the  scientific  world,  the  fact  of  the 
existence  of  the  planet  Neptune,  and  both  Adams 
and  Leverrier  were  accorded  equal  honour  by 
the  Royal  Society.  Adams  held  the  post  of 
Lowndean  Professor  of  Astronomy  in  succession 
to  Peacock,  and  was  also  later  on  Fellow  of 
Pembroke.  He  was  admired  and  revered,  and 
enjoyed  the  special  friendship  of  Challis,  Airy, 
and  Herschel. 
Sir  Henry  ^^^  Henry  Maine,  who  was  known  to  the  world 
James  Sumner  as  a  great  jurist,  came  as  a  Christ's  Hospital 
Maine        boy  to   Pembroke,  and  became  later   on  Tutor 

(1822-1888)   ^^    ^j^g    Ylsdl    and    subsequently    Master.       He 

■         '  graduated  as  Senior  Classic,  and  was  Professor 

of     Civil    Law,    and    in    after    years    Whcwell 

156 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Professor   of    International    Law.     Some   of   his 
legal    writings    are    highly    valued. 

During  the  latter  part  of  the  nineteenth  cen-  william 

tury,  the  name  of  Kelvin  was  almost   a  house-  Thomson, 

hold    word.        Born   in    Belfast,    arid    given    an  Lord  Kelvin 

early   education,   at   Glasgow,   where   his   father  (1824-1907) 

'        r  i_  T^        T.  •       o  Pet.  1841. 

was  Professor,  he  came  to  Peterhouse  m  1841. 

Placed  under  the  g;uidance  of  Hopkins,  the  well- 
known  mathematical  "coach,"  forming,  even  then, 
a  friendship  with  Stokes,  which  was  to  last 
through  life,  and  displaying  eagerness  for 
boating,  and  also  for  music,  he  graduated  as 
Second  Wrangler  and  First  Smith's  Prizeman, 
the  Senior  Wranglership  being  awarded  to 
Parkinson,  of  S.  John's.  Even  then,  he  was 
recognised  as  a  mathematician  of  extraordinary 
power:  his  papers  in  the  Tripos  were  of  grea.t 
merit,  and  it  is  related  that  one  of  the 
examiners  remarked  to  the  other,  "  You  and  I 
are  just  about  fit  to  mend  his  pens."  In  1846, 
he  was  made  Professor  of  Natural  Philosophy 
at  Glasgow.  At  Glasgow  he  was  to  pass  the 
remainder  of  his  life,  and  to  be  looked  o,n  as 
one  of  the  greatest  living  authorities  on  all 
scientific  matters.  He  lived  during  the  years 
when  the  science  of  electricity  was  to  make 
extraordinary  progress;  by  the  vastness  of 
his  knowledge  and  the  keen  interest  which 
he  threw  into  his  work,  he  not  only  helped  this 
progress  forward,  but  inspired  enthusiasm  in 
most  with  whom  he  came  in  contact.  Iji  1892, 
he  was  raised  to  the  Peerage,  and  in  1896  the 
157 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

jubilee  of  his  tenure  of  the   Professorship   was 
kept.     He  hes  by  the  side  of  Isaac  Newton,  in 

Westminster   Abbey. 

HearyLathani      ^^^^'  ^^i^J  years   the  attractive   personaUty  of 
(1821-1902)    Henry  Latham  was  respected  in  the  University, 
Trinity  1841  both  by  the   elder  members  and  by  the  under- 
Trin.H.  1847  graduates..     Scholar  of  Trinity  at  first,  and  then 
entering  Trinity  Hall,  he  became  a  most  success- 
ful  Tutor,   and   finally   was    elected    Master   in 
succession  to   Maine.       His   common-sense   was 
always    to   the    front:    without    being   a    trained 
theologian,  he  yet   thought  out  theological  and 
scriptural    matter   in    his    own    wonderful    way, 
and  left  writings   of  lasting   value  and  original 
insight — among   these   are    **  Pastor   Pastorum " 
^  and   the   '*  Risen    Master." 

Charles  "  No   one  else  will  go,  so  I  will,"  was   Mac- 

Frederick     kenzie's  remark  when  friends  tried  to   dissuade 
Mackenzie    iiim,  the  man  of  fine  appearance   and  athletic 

^    *"  "      "'   prowess,  from  throwing  away  his  high  chances 
S.  John's      .        ,  r      ^  ■  •     • 

for  the  purpose  of  takmg  up  missionary  work. 

Gon.  &  Caius  Cambridge  had  indeed  inspired  him  with  a 
1845.  lofty  ideal,  and  when  once  his  thoughts  were 
turned  to  the  Mission  field  nothing  could  keep 
him  back.  Lie  had  been  Second  Wrangler  when 
Todhunter  was  Senior,  and  was  Fellow  and 
Tutor  of  Gonville  and  Caius  after  being  at  S. 
John's.  The  Universities'  Mission  to  Central 
Africa  had  first  been  formed,  and  Mackenzie 
consented  to  be  consecrated  Bishop.  He  was 
much  associated  with  Livingstone,  and  is  re- 
membered as  one  who  gave  up  his  life  to  duty. 

158 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

From    King    Edward's    School,    Birmingham,  Brooke  Foss 

where  James  Prince  Lee  was  Headmaster,  there  Westcott 

passed  to  Cambridge  about  this  time  a  remark-  (1825-1901) 

T  •    1    r                   J  Trin.  1844. 
able    trio    of     men,    Westcott,     Lightfoot,    and 

Benson,  one  and  all  destined  to  hold  high 
positions  in  the  Church.  Westcott  entered  at 
Trinity,  and  became  Senior  Classic  and  Fellow. 
The  >vork  of  his  life  was  done  in  collaboration 
with  a  friend:  in  company  with  Hort  he  la- 
boured for  more  than  twenty  years  at  the 
perfecting  of  ;the  text  of  the  New  Testament, 
with  results  which  are  widely  known.  The 
Commentaries  he  wrote  on  the  Epistles  of 
S.  John,  on  the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  and 
on  the  Gospel  of  S.  John,  stand  as  memorable 
works,  and  while  these  books  were  in  prepara- 
tion he  was  with  signal  ability  holding  the- 
Rcgius  Chair  of  Divinity  in  the  University,  and 
a  canoni-y  at  Westminster,  where  his  thoughtful 
sermons  made  a  great  impression.  Called  at 
the  age  of  65  to  succeed  his  College  friend 
Lightfoot  in  the  See  of  Durham,  he  threw  himself 
heart  and  soul  into  the  exacting  work  of  the 
Northern  Diocese,  and  deeply  impressed  the 
mining  population.  The  power  he  v/ielded  was 
largely  increased  by  his  successful  treatment  of 
the  strike  trouble.  Looked  up  to  as  a  saint 
by  those  who  were  closely  connected  with  him, 
revered  as  a  leader  of  thought  by  a  wide 
circle  of  followers,  admired  as  a  theologian  even 
by  German  writers,  this  man.  of  extremely  humble 
mind,  very  unlike  the  Prince  Bishops  of  ancient 
159 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Fenton  John 

Anthony 

Hort 

(1828-1892) 
Trin.  1846. 
Emm.  1871 


James 

Hambliu 

Smith 

(1827-1901) 

Gon.  &  Caius 

1846. 


days,  gained  even  with  all  his  mysticism  a  hold 
over  the  North  which  lasted  until  his  death. 

In  1846  there  passed  from  Rugby  to  Trinity 
one  whose  name  was  to  become  widely  known 
as  a  devoted  and  painstaking  critic  of  the  text 
of  the  Greek  Testament,  and  as  a  Professor  of 
Divinity  who,  both  in  the  Hulsean  and  Lady 
Margaret  Chair  was,  together  with  Westcott  and 
Lightfoot,  to  raise  BibUcal  scholarship  in  Cam- 
bridge to  an  extremely  high  level.  Ever  paying 
the  most  scrupulous  attention  to  minute  accuracy, 
he  not  only  exercised  an  important  intluence  on  the 
rendering  of  the  Revised  English  Version,  but  in 
conjunction  with  his  colleague,  Westcott,  brought 
out  an  edition  of  the  Greek  Testament,  which  stands 
as  a  memorial  of  sustained  and  laborious  work, 
and  as  the  embodiment  of  the  views  on  critical 
questions  of  men  whose  opinion  will  not  lightly 
be  set  aside.  In  all  things  that  Hort  understood — 
and  he  understood  many — his  determination  was 
to  give  of  his  best,  and  the  memory  of  his 
usefulness  at  Ca,mbridge  will  not  soon  be 
forgotten.  In  early  life  he  had  been  influenced 
by  the  teaching  of  Arnold,  Tait,  Coleridge, 
and  Maurice,  and  during  his  residence  in  the 
University  was  the  intimate  friend  of  Paget, 
Stokes,  Sedgwick,  Bradshaw,  Benson,  Luard, 
and  Clerk  Maxwell,  among  many  others. 

Few  Cambridge  men  were  more  widely  known 

in    their    day     than     Hamblin     Smith.       After 

graduating  in  the  Mathematical  and  also  in  the 

Classical  Tripos,  he   settled  down  to  the  work 

1 60 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

of  reading  with  pupils  for  the  ordinary  degree 

and  of  writing  useful  text-books.     During  many 

years  a  large  body  of  men  found  his  training 

of   great    value.      Peculiarly    apt    in    imparting 

knowledge  and  strong  in  administrative  wisdom^ 

he  was   looked   up  to   by  both  University  and 

Town,  and  respected  alike  for  his  high  character 

and  his  genial   good  nature. 

The    cause    of    medical    science    was    greatly    Sir  George 

forwarded  at  the  University  by  Humphry.      He       Murray 

had  been  trained  at  S.  Bartholomew's  Hospital,        ^^^    ^ 

(1820-1896) 
and   was   appointed  Surgeon   at   Addenbrooke's  ^^^^^   1347 

Hospital.  He  then  entered  Downing  College, 
and  rapidly  tose  to  eminence,  becoming  Pro- 
fessor of  Surgery.  The  Humphry  Museumy 
recently  opened  by  King  Edward,  is  a  worthy 
tribute  to  the  way  in  which  he,  in  company  with 
Paget,  advanced  the  Medical  School  in  Cam- 
bridge. 

The  wisdom  of  appointing  a  first-rate  Pro-  Joseph 
fessor  to  a  Bishopric  is  a  debatable  point,  and  Barber 
many  have  never  ceased  to  regret  that    Light-     I-iglitfoot 

(1 828-1 88Q^ 

foot's    valuable    theological    writing   received    a    1,      "       ^ 
^  ^  Trin.  1847. 

check  when  Lord  Beaconsfield  made  him  Bishop 

of  the   see   of  Durham.      Lightfoot  had  known 

Benson    at    school,     and    on     entering    Trinity 

under    Thompson    became    a    pupil    of    West- 

cott.      He   took    his    degree    as    Senior    Classic 

and     30th    ,  Wrangler,    and    was     Chancellor's 

Medallist.      After  being   Fellow  and  Tutor,   he 

was    ordained   by    Prince    Lee,    his    old    Head^ 

master,  then  Bishop  of  Manchester.     For  years, 

161 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Lightfoot  was  a  power  in  the  University,  and 
was  Hulsean  and  then  Margaret  Professor:  his 
lectures,  full  of  vast  learning  and  research 
cleverly  presented,  attracted  crowds:  but  he 
was  no  mere  bookworm,  and  he  exercised  an 
enormous  influence  on  behalf  of  a  genuine  and 
manly  Christianity.  The  same  thing  was  true 
of  him  as  Canon  of  S.  Paul's,  and  in  that  huge 
Cathedral  this  able  scholar  made  the  faith 
acceptable  to  London  multitudes.  During  all 
this  period  his  published  books  were  attracting 
great  attention,  and  there  was  general  regret 
when  it  was  known  he  was  about  to  leave  his 
home  of  so  many  years.  At  his  farewell  sermon 
on  the  late  evening  of  a  Lenten  Sunday,  S. 
Mary's  was  crammed  with  undergraduates  and 
townsfolk.  At  Dut-ham  his  writing  of  necessity 
was  curtailed,  but  the  inherent  power  of  the  man 
became  increasingly  evident,  and  the  diocese  was 
admirably  worked.  Simple  in  tastes,  he  yet 
revelled  in  the  associations  of  Auckland  Castle, 
His  commentaries  on  the  Epistles  are  standard 
works,  and  'his  onslaught  on  the  writer  of  "  Super- 
natural Religion  "  was  generally  allowed  to  be 
a  masterly  piece  of  argument. 

Benson  was  in  many  ways  one  of  the 
most  striking  Primates  the  Church  of  England 
ever  had.  At  Cambridge  he  graduated  from 
(1829-1896)  Trinity  as  8th  Classic  and  Chancellor's  MedalUst, 
and  became  Fellow.  Wherever  he  was  he 
succeeded.  At  Wellington  College  he  raised 
the  school  to  a  high  level:  at  Lincoln  he  was 
162 


Edward 
White 
Benson 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

a  power  in  the  Cathedral  and  among  the  city 
folk:  in  the  See  of  Truro  he  brought  all  his 
great  knowledge  to  bear  both  on  the  foundation- 
laying  of  the  Cathedral  and  on  Diocesan  works, 
with  results  which,  at  Truro,  can  never  be 
forgotten.  At  Canterbury  he  also  did  well:  he 
set  before  him  the  aim  to  be  a  "  Bishop  of 
England,"  and  left  his  impress  on  the  Church. 
The  case  of  the  Bishop  of  Lincoln  came  before 
him:  he  "tried"  the  case  and  duly  pub- 
lished his  judgment.  His  conception  of  the 
Church  of  England  was  not  that  of  a  State- 
made  body  dating  from  the  Reformation,  but 
the  ancient  historic  Church  of  this  land,  purified 
and  reformed,  it  is  true,  but  for  all  that  identical 
with  the  Church  which  Augustine  founded.  The 
Bishop's  trial  was  looked  on  as  a  national  event, 
and  in  the  Primate's  "judgment,"  masterly 
knowledge  of  Church  history  and  of  cere- 
monial detail  were  clearly  visible.  Some 
might  cavil  at  the  line  the  Archbishop  took: 
what  no  one  ventured  to  do,  was  to  gainsay 
his  knowledge  of  the  subject.  Benson's  death 
was  tragic— he  had  been  in  Ireland,  the  guest 
of  the  Irish  Church:  he  crossed  over  to  stay 
with  Gladstone,  and,  pn  the  Sunday  after, 
attended  Hawarden  Church :  there,  with  startling 
suddenness  the  call  came,  and  his  end  cast  a 
gloom  over  the  land.  He  was  buried  with  great 
pomp  in  Canterbury  Cathedral,  and  left  the 
Church  the  poorer  by  his  death. 


163 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Spencer  After  being  connected   with  Trinity,   like  his 

Compton,     father  before  him,   Cavendish  entered  the  great 

®  °       world  of  politics,  where  he  was  to  display  that 
Devonshire         ,  j  .    ,  ,  •   , 

("1833  igos^    calm   and    weighty    common    sense    which    was 

Trin  1850  characteristic  of  him.  He  held  various  offices 
in  the  Gladstone  ministry,  and  was  chosen  in 
1875  ^s  Leader  of  the  Liberal  Party.  Recog- 
nizing in  1880,  when  he  might  have  been  Prime 
Minister,  that  the  nation  wanted  Gladstone  to 
return  to  power  as  Premier,  he  consented  to 
serve  under  his  former  chief,  until  his  dislike 
of  Home  Rule  for  Ireland  caused  him  to  resign 
his  post.  As  a  Liberal  Unionist,  he  joined  Lord 
Salisbury's  ministry  in  1895,  ^-^^  from  that 
time  until  the  Tariff  Reform  movement  arose, 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Government 
Straight  in  dealing  and  direct  in  speech,  he 
was  looked  on  as  a  reliable  statesman.  As 
Chancellor  of  the  University  from  1892  until 
his  death,  he  gained  the  appreciation  of  Cam- 
bridge men. 

Sir  Leslie  After  being  at  Eton  and  Trinity  Hall,  and 
Stephen  taking  his  degree  as  a  Wrangler,  Stephen 
.  '  ^  became  Fellow,  and,  together  with  Henry 
Latham,  Tutor  of  the  College.  For  athleticism 
he  had  a  high  regard:  he  rowed,  and  ran,  and 
set  the  example  of  a  strenuous  manly  life.  For 
a  time  he  was  in  Orders,  but  finding  that  he 
could  not  conscientiously  hold  all  the  teach- 
ing of  the  Church,  resigned  his  Tutorship  and 
entered  on  literary  work  in  London.  There 
he   was    recognised    as   a    fK>wer   in   the   world 

164 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

of  letters,  and  was  widely  known.  He  was,  for 
some  years,  Editor  of  "  Cornhill,"  and  also  of 
*'  The  Dictionary  of  National  Biography."  Many 
"  Lives  "  came  from  his  pen,  among  them  that 
of  Henry  Fawcett.  He  also  wrote  "The  Play- 
ground of  Europe,"  "  Essays  on  Free-Thinking 
and  Plain- Speaking,"  ''An  Agnostic's  Apology." 
He  was  knighted  in  1902. 

Bradshaw  who,  after  being  at   Eton,  became       Henry 
Fellow  of  King's,  was  in  the  close  friendship  of     Bradshaw 
Benson,    Hort,    Luard,    Westcott,    and    George    (1831-1886) 

ITT-l,-  TTT  .      •  ITT-  •  T         1  Klflg  '  S     1850. 

.Williams.  Working  at  the  University  Library 
he,  in  time,  became  Librarian,  and  his  tenure  of 
the  office  merits  the  highest  praise.  He  rever- 
enced books,  and  lived  with  the  aim  of  making 
the  study  pi  their  history  a  delight  to  himself 
and  to  others.  It  was  not  always  easy  to  get 
him  to  return  a  book  in  which  he  was  deeply 
interested,  and  Dr.  George  Prothero*  has  in  his 
interesting  biography  recorded  the  story  of  one 
who,  anxious  to  get  a  small  but  valuable  book 
which  he  had  lent  to  Bradshaw  returned,  finding 
appeals  to  him  |of  no  avail,  sent  a  letter  ad- 
dressed to  Mr.  Bradshaw's  "  executors,"  request- 
ing that  the  book  might  be  returned  through 
them.  Beloved  as  a  friend  and  valued  as  a 
truly  delightful  companion  he,  by  his  zeal  for 
his  work,  put  enthusiasm  into  all  with  whom 
he  came  in  contact,  and  by  his  great  knowledge 
on   questions  .affecting    books   and    manuscripts 

*  G.  W. Prothero,  "Memoir  of  Henry  Bradshaw,"  p.  375. 

165 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


James  Clerk 
Maxwell 

(1831-1879) 
Pet.  1850. 

Trin.  1850. 


Frederic 

William 

Farrar 

(1831-1903) 

Trin.  1850. 


was  of  great  use  in  the  literary  world:  when 
he  died  the  University  was  conscious  that  it 
had  lost  one  whose  departure  was  a  matter  for 
deep  regret.     A  bust  of  him  exists  in  the  Library. 

Clerk  Maxwell,  who  had  been  trained  at  the 
University  of  Edinburgh,  entered  at  Peterhouse 
and  then  removed  to  Trinity.  Taking  his  degree 
as  2nd  Wrangler  and  duly  elected  Fellow, 
he  was  made  the  first  Professor  of  Experi- 
mental Physics,  and  had  a  great  deal  to  do  with 
the  successful  furnishing  of  the  Cavendish 
laboratory.  Powerful  in  his  reasoning,  he  made 
many  discoveries,  and  combined  with  his  scientific 
ability  an  ardent  belief  in  the  Christian  faith. 
Brilliant  and  deeply  earnest,  and  beloved  by 
those  who  knew  him  for  his  genuine  fun,  he 
was  called  to  rest  at  the  age  of  48,  having  given 
promise  of  still  greater  achievements  had  he 
lived. 

Farrar,  who  is  widely  remembered  as  the 
author  of  the  well-known  "  Life  of  Christ," 
graduated  at  Trinity  as  4th  Classic,  and  became 
Fellow.  Both  at  Marlborough,  where  he  was 
Headmaster,  and  at  Westminster  where  he  was 
Canon,  he  gave  himself  up  to  writing,  and  many 
works  came  from  his  pen,  "  Eric,"  "  Life  of 
S.  Paul,"  "Early  Days  of  Christianity,"  and 
the  popular  work,  the  "  Life  of  Christ,"  which 
passed  through  twelve  editions  in  a  year — and  was 
translated  into  many  languages.  He  was  also 
known  as  a  great  and  attractive  preacher  who 
employed  in  his  sermons,  as  in  his  writing,  somer 
166 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


what  florid  language.  His  detractors  sneered 
at  his  flowery  style,  but  they  knew  not  the  real 
man,  for  in  all  that  Farrar  wrote  there  was  also 
to  be  found  deep  and  competent  learning.  He 
became  in  later  years  Dean  of  Canterbury,  and 
the  memory  of  him  abides,  and  is  that  of  one 
who  was  kindly,  generous  and  good. 

Born   at   Quebec,    and   trained   at   University  Edward  John 
College  School,  Routh  entered  Peterhouse  when       Routh 
Thomson    was    Fellow,    and    Clerk    Maxwell    a    (1831-1907) 
brother  undergraduate.      Routh   became  Senior 
Wrangler   and    Smith's    Prizeman   in    1854   and 
subsequently   Fellow.      For   30  years   he   acted 
as   Private  Tutor  at  Cambridge  for  the  Mathe- 
matical  Tripos:   during   that   period   it   was   re- 
garded as   practically    certain  every   year,   that 
one  of  Routh's  pupils  would  be  Senior  Wrangler, 
and   no    less    than    27    Senior    Wranglers    were 
trained    by   him.      He   published   an   important 
work  on  Rigid  Dynamics. 

*'  Fly  Leaves  "  and  "  Verses  and  Translations  "       Charles 
are  two  of  the  best  known  works  of  lighter  verse       Stuart 
left    us    by    that    quaint    and    inconsequent    but     Calverley 
delightful   man,   Charles   Stuart  Calveriey,   who,    (1831-1884) 
after    being    at    Harrow   and    at    Oxford,    came 
to   Christ's   in    1852.     He   obtained  the    Craven 
Scholarship  and  Members'   Latin    Essay    Prize, 
and  passed  on  to  a  Fellowship.       The  friend  of 
J.  R.  Seeley  and  of  Walter  Besant,  he  charmed 
everyone  by  his  brilliant  flashes  of  genius,  and 
though    kept   back   by   ill-health   from   a   career 
in  the  great  world,  he   nevertheless  achieved  a 
167 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

high  degree  of  merit  in  the  difficult  art  of  refined 

parody. 

Henry  The  life  of    Henry   Fa!wcett,   the   blind    Post- 

Fawcett      master-General,  may  be  described  in  a  sentence. 

(1833-1884)    It  was  the  life  of  a  man  who,  having  suffered 

Pet    1852 

■  an  unlooked-for  calamity,  refused  to  allow  it  to 

Trin.H.1853.         .,    ,  .  ^         -  ^        ^. 

spoil    his    career.      Entering   at    Peterhouse    he 

quickly  migrated  to  the  Hall  and  became  Fellow 
after  graduating  as  7th  Wrangler.  Blinded  by  a 
gun  accident  and  cheered  in  terrible  depression 
by  his  teacher  Hopkins,  he  braved  the  calamity 
and  lived  as  though  he  saw.  His  determina- 
tion was  heroic,  and  it  meant  the  continuous 
exercise  of  an  iron  resolve.  Kind-hearted  and 
generous,  he  was  constantly  to  be  met  round 
Cambridge,  walking,  talking  vehemently,  and 
even  skating,  despite  his  blindness.  Professor  of 
Political  Economy,  and  eventually  Member  for 
Brighton,  he  became  a  valuable  servant  of  the 
State :  save  for  his  infirmity  he  would  have  been 
in  Gladstone's  Cabinet.  Throughout  he  was  a 
consistent  Radical,  and  died  comparatively 
young.  He  narrowly  missed  being  raised  to  the 
Mastership  of  the  Hall. 

gir  Seeley,  the  Fellow   of  Christ's,   and  later   on 

John  Robert  of    Gonville   and   Caius,    was    one    of   the    most 

Seeley       thoughtful  men  of  his  time,  and  had  the  faculty 

(1834-1895)    q£  drawing  public  attention  to  the  matter  of  his 

'  ^  .'  thoughts.  Looked  upon  as  an  undergraduate  of 
1882  great  promise  and  the  friend  at  Christ's  of 
Calverley  and  Besant,  he  published  anony- 
mously, in  early  life,  "  Ecce  Homo,"  which  was 
168 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


at  first  indifferently  received.  Made  Professor 
of  Modern  History  in  1869,  he  drew  crowds  to 
his  lectures,  and  published  his  great  work,  "  The 
Expansion  of  England."  He  may  be  regarded 
as  almost  the  founder  of  the  Imperial  idea:  and 
his  teaching  is  apparently  bearing  abundant  fruit 

The  terror  of  Fenianism  was  a  very  real  one 
in  the  "  Eighties,"  and  the  name  of  Lord 
Frederick  Cavendish,  the  Irish  Secretary,  who 
was  murdered  in  cold  blood  in  Phoenix  Park, 
in  company  with  Burke,  still  vividly  recalls  those 
anxious   times. 

Henry  Sidgwick,  who  came  to  Trinity  from 
Rugby,  was  Senior  Classic,  and  Fellow,  and 
proved  to  be  a  man  of  high  attainment  in  Philo- 
sophy. He  was  largely  influenced  by  the  writ- 
ings of  John  Stuart  Mill,  and  his  "  Methods 
of  Ethics  "  was  published  in  1874,  and  followed 
by  several  other  treatises.  He  was  appointed  to 
the  Knightsbridge  Professorship  of  Moral  Philo- 
sophy in  1883.  He  was  one  of  the  foremost 
advocates  for  the  higher  education  of  women, 
and  had  much  to  do  with  the  successful  launch- 
ing of  Nevvnham  College. 

Henry  Campbell-Bannerman  was  at  Trinity^ 
after  studying  at  Glasgow  University.  Through 
his  whole  lite,  a  faithful  adherent  of  the  Liberal 
party,  he  was  Secretary  for  War  1 892-1 895,  and 
in  1905  became  Prime  Minister.  For  his  con- 
sistent belief  in  his  principles  and  for  his  never- 
failing  cheerfulness  and  good  nature,  men  had  a 
regard.  Ill-health  brought  about  his  resignation 
a  short  time  before  his  death. 
169 


Lord 
Frederick 
Cayendish 
(1836-1882) 
Trin.  1855. 


Henry 

Sidgwick 

(1838-1900) 

Trin,  1855. 


Sir  Henry 
Campbell 

Bannerman 
1836-1908) 
Trin.  1855. 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Sir  William 
Sterndale 
Bennett 
1816-1875) 
Mus.  D. 
S.  John's 
1856. 


Sterndale  Bennett,  the  composer,  hailed  from 
Cambridge:  he  was  baptized  at  S.  Edward's 
and  became  a  choir  boy  at  King's.  Probably 
the  music  in  that  glorious  Chapel  produced 
a  great  effect  upon  a  nature  already  adapted 
to  benefit  by  careful  training.  The  pupil,  in 
London,  of  Crotch,  and  the  friend  of  Mendels- 
sohn, Schumann  and  Spohr,  he  early  attracted 
notice,  and  >may  be  said  to  have  been  more 
thoroughly  appreciated  on  the  Continent  even 
than  in  England  itself.  The  University  raised 
him  to  the  Professorship  of  Music,  and  he  was 
also  Principal  of  the  Royal  Academy.  His  com- 
positions were  distinguished  by  refinement  and 
grace.  His  two  chief  works,  "The  May  Queen"' 
and  "The  Woman  of  Samaria,"  attained  a 
large  amount  of  popularity.  He  lies  buried  in 
Westminster  Abbey. 


Sir  Walter 

Besant 
(1836-1901) 
Chr.  1856. 


Besant,  who  came  to  Christ's  in  1856,  is  remem- 
bered as  the  prolific  writer  of  novels,  at  first 
in  partnership  with  Rice,  and  then  under  his 
own  name.  Among  the  chief,  some  of  which 
attained  to  wide  popularity,  may  be  mentioned, 
"  Ready  Money  Mortiboy,"  "  This  Son  of  Vul- 
can," "  The  Golden  Butterfly,"  "  Children  of 
Gibeon,"  "  Monks  of  Thelema,"  and  "  All  Sorts 
and  Conditions  of  Men."  In  his  later  years  he 
took  to  writing  popular  but  extremely  valuable 
antiquarian  accounts  of  the  Metropolis,  and  thus 
did  great  service  to  all  who  are  interested  in  old 
London. 

170 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Coming  with  a  great  name  from  Charterhouse    sir  Richard 
to  Trinity  when  Lightfoot  was  Tutor,  and  obtain-   Claverhouse 
ing    both    the    Porson,    and    also    the    Craven        J®^^ 
scholarship,  Jebb   graduated  as   Senior  Classic,    (1841-1905) 
and  was,  in  due  course,  made  Fellow  and  Tutor 
of  his  College.     As  Public  Orator  his  speeches 
were   regarded   with   favour.       For   a   time    he 
held    the    Greek    Chair   at    Glasgow,    and    then 
returned  to   be   Regius   Professor  of   Greek    at 
Cambridge.     Among  his  friends  were   Fawcett, 
Sidgwick,  G.  O.  Trevelyan,  and  Bradshaw.     As 
Member    for    the     University,    his    gifts    were 
of    service:    and    on   the    subject    of    education 
his    refined     oratory    was    readily    listened    to. 
Knighted  in  igoo,  and  chosen  for  the  Order  of 
Merit,  he  left  his  "  Sophocles  "  as  a  monument 
of  his  scholarship. 

Few  men  have  led  a  more  romantic  life  than      Edward 
Palmer,  and  yet  have  deserved  so  well  of  their  Henry  Palmer 
country.       His     name     recalls     the     Egyptian    (1840-1882) 
troubles    of    the    "Eighties."       Born    at    Cam-     S.John's 
bridge,  he  early  in  life  shewed  an  aptitude  for 
languages,    and    was    fluent    in    Romany.      To 
him   proficiency  in   Eastern  tongues   was   mere 
child's  play,  and  in  time  his  remarkable  talents 
became  known.     S.  John's  gave  him  a  home  and 
made  him  Fellow  in  1867.     For  a  time  he  was 
in   residence:    but    not   infrequently    undertook 
journeys  to  distant  parts:  for  instance,  when  he 
walked  the  whole  way  from  Sinai  to  Jerusalem, 
to  name  and  make  sure  of  the  sites  of  historical 
places.     He  became   Lord  Almoner's  reader  of 
171 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Arabic  in  the  University,  and  proved  himself  an 
intensely  useful  man.  Gladstone  selected  him 
for  the  important  State  mission  of  winning  over 
the  Sheykhs  to  the  side  of  the  Egyptian  Govern- 
ment against  the  insurgent  Arabi.  Palmer  was 
remarkably  fitted  for  such  work,  as  his  mastery 
of  Arabic  was  only  equalled  by  his  wonderful 
faculty  of  assuming  not  merely  the  garments, 
but  the  very  appearance  and  manner  of  the 
Arab.  Moreover  he  was  intimately  acquainted 
with  the  men,tal  habit  of  the  cunning  and 
suspicious  men  with  whom  he  had  to  deal.  His 
purpose  was  to  prevent  the  Suez  Canal  from 
being  injured.  Some  trouble  arose  as  to  the 
money  to  be  paid.  Palmer  had  Charrington  and 
Gill  with  him:  all  three  were  treacherously  mur- 
dered, and  the  whole  nation  was  deeply  grieved, 
The  remains  were  brought  home  and  solemnly 
deposited  in  S.  Paul's  Cathedral.  A  painting  of 
Palmer  in  Eastern  robes  is  a  striking  object  in 
the  College  hall. 
SirsFrank  Frank  Lockwood,  the  Yorkshireman,  one  of 
t  [Loekwood  those  delightful  persons  who  are  universally 
(1846-1897)  beloved,  entered  at  Gonville  and  Caius.  Through 
Gon.  &Caius  j-£^  he  never  ran  quite  in  the  ordinary  groove, 
and  at  Cambridge  was  too  erratic  to  gain 
the  full  approval  of  the  authorities:  he  took 
the  ordinary  degree  and  then  passed  to  a 
notable  public  career  as  a  most  successful  bar- 
rister, as  Member  of  Parliament  for  York,  and 
finally  as  Solicitor-General.  Highly  entertaining 
in  private  life,  an  admirable  artist,  and  one  of 
172 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


the  most  attractive  and  versatile  of  men,  he 
was  greatly  admired  in  life  and  deeply  regretted 
in  death. 

The  name  of  Charles  Stewart  Parnell  loomed 
large  on  the  political  stage  from  1 870-1 891.  Born 
at  Avondale,  he  came  to  Magdalene  to  complete 
his  education,  but  at  no  time  seems  to  have  cared 
for  the  Cambridge  life,  and  he  took  no  degree. 
Then  he  gradually  developed  into  the  autocratic 
leader  of  the  Irish  Party,  "  the  uncrowned 
king,"  as  he  was  called,  who  won  Gladstone 
over  to  the  idea  of  Home  Rule  for  Ireland. 
Reserved  and  determined,  he  proved  himself 
to  possess  wonderful  power  and,  for  a  time,  it 
seemed  he  would  win  his  way.  In  rapid  succes- 
sion came  the  Parnell  Commission — the  Pigott 
episode,  the  final  breakdown  of  the  cause,  and 
the  bitter  bickerings  of  his  divided  followers. 
Worried  into  his  grave  this  strange,  mysterious 
patriot  passed  away,  still  loved  by  some  and 
feared  by  others,  and  was  buried  in  Glasnevin 
Cemetery,  near  to  the  resting  place  of  Daniel 
O'Connell. 

After  being  at  Eton  and  Trinity,  Maitland 
took  his  degree  in  the  Law  Tripos.  Some 
years  later,  he  was  appointed  Downing  Pro- 
fessor of  the  Laws  of  England.  The  work  he 
did  at  Cambridge  in  legal  and  historical  research 
was  very  important.  Bygone  times  seemed 
under  his  investigation  to  come  more  clearly 
into  view:  he  threw  light  on  the  real  motives 
which  underlay  ancient  documents,  and  made 
173 


Charlei 

Stewart 

Parnell 

(1846-1891) 

Magd.  1865. 


Frederic 

William 

Maitland 

(1850-1906) 

Trin.  1869. 

Down.  1888 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

the    Law    an  interesting  and  engrossing  study. 

He  published  many  writings,  among  which  may 

be  mentioned  "  Doomsday  Book  and  Beyond  '^ 

and  "  Borough  and  Township  "  :  he  also  wrote 

the   Hfe   of   Leslie    Stephen.     A   clever   speaker, 

with  an  original  way  of  looking  at  things,    he 

gathered   round   him   a  large   circle   of   friends. 

His     death     at     a     comparatively     early     age 

occasioned   widespread   regret. 

Francis  Francis  Balfour,  the  clever  brother  of  Arthur 

Maitland      _.  -r.    ir  ...  r     ,  • 

James    Baliour,    gave    mtimation    of    his    power 

(1851-1882)   ^y     ^^^     work     on    Embryology     and    Animal 

Trin.  1870.    Morphology,   and  was    Fellow  of   Trinity,   after 

being  at  Harrow.     His  friends,  who  valued  his 

charming    personality,    were    saddened    by    his 

untoward  death  in  the  Alps. 

James  Few  men  have  been  more  regretted  in  their 

®^^®*        early  death  than  Stephen,  better  known   to  Cam- 
Stephen 
(1859-1892)    bridge  men  as  J.K.S.     Scholar  at  Eton  and  at 

King's  1878.  ^i^^S'^j  and  Whewell  Scholar  in  the  University, 
he  became  Fellow,  and  was,  for  a  time,  Tutor 
to  the  Duke  of  Clarence.  President  of  the  Union 
Society,  and  a  brilliant  speaker  and  accomplished 
orator,  he  seemed  to  have  a  great  future  before 
him.  His  "  Lapsus  Calami  "  and  other  verses  are 
exemplifications  of  the  rare  combination  of 
original  wit  with  almost  perfect  technical  facility, 

Sir  Michael       Though  not  originally  a  Cambridge  man,  for 

Foster       j^  ^as  with  London  University  that  he  was  con- 

(1836-1907)    jjected,  Michael  Foster,  on  account  of  his  scien- 
Trin.  1883.      .^  .  ,  ^         , 

tific    attamments,    was    requested    to    undertake 

work  in  Trinity  College,  and  in  1853  was  elected 
174 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

Professor  of  Physiology  in  the  Univershy.  Bio- 
logical research  at  Cambridge  made  great  ad- 
vance, owing  to  his  keen  and  unflagging  enthusi- 
asm, and  in  England,  as  well  as  on  the  Continent, 
he  was  regarded  as  a  most  inspiring  teacher. 
He  rendered  (important  service  to  the  Royal 
Society,  and  from  1900— 1905  was  Member  of  ^ 
Parliament  for  London  University.  His  Text 
Book  of  Physiology  passed  through  many  editions. 

We  finish  these  notices  with  the  names  of  Mandell 
two  men,  Creighton  and  Acton,  neither  of  whom  Creighton 
can  in  the  full  sense  be  called  a  Cambridge  man,  (1543-1901) 
and  yet  to  both  of  them  the  University  is  greatly  ^^' 
indebted.  Creighton,  who  took  his  degree  from 
Merton  College,  Oxford,  must,  notwithstanding, 
be  ranked  among  the  "  worthies  "  of  Cambridge, 
owing  to  his  acceptance  in  1884  of  the  Dixie 
Professorship  of  Ecclesiastical  History,  and  of 
a  Fellowship  at  Emmanuel  at  the  same  time. 
His  fame  as  a  writer  of  history  was  already 
great:  his  lectures  were  a  decided  success,  and 
with  full  zest  he  threw  himself  into  the  life  of 
the  College  and  of  the  University.  His  "  His- 
tory of  the  Papacy "  was  then  in  the  making, 
and  proved  to  be  a  really  great  work:  calmly 
and  dispassionately  he  told  the  story,  and  fromf 
the  facts  collected,  the  reader  was  left  to  draw 
conclusions.  His  power  of  portraying  character 
was  very  marked,  and  his  "  Life  of  Elizabeth  " 
was  most  able.  His  devotion  to  study  was,  how- 
ever, to  receive  a  check,  and  within  six  years 
he  was  called  to  be  Bishop  of  Peterborough, 
175 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

His  work  there  caused  his  promotion  to  London, 
Practical,  and  basing  all  his  action  on  shrewd 
commonsense,  he  taught  people  the  proportion  of 
things:  splendid  in  conversation  and  social  to  a 
degree,  he  carried  out  his  episcopal  duties  with 
great  earnestness.  Men  grew  to  feel  his  power, 
and  looked  forward  to  his  wise  and  skilful  guid- 
ance in  the  troubles  that  seemed  to  be  looming  in 
the  near  future:  and  ever  since  the  time  when 
at  a  comparatively  early  age  he  passed  away, 
the  Church  has  felt  that  by  his  death  she  was 
"deprived  of  one  of  her  most  able  leaders  and 
wisest  guides.  He  was  buried  in  the  crypt  of 
S.  Paul's  Cathedral,  and  a  striking  statue  of 
him  has  recently  been  placed  in  the  south  choir 
aisle.  Above  it  are  inscribed  the  words  which  he 
himself  valued  as  really  descriptive  of  his  work, 
''He  tried  to  write  true  history." 
John  Emerich  It  had  been  Acton's  wish  in  early  years  tQ 
Edward      come   to    Cambridge.      At   that    period,    it    was 

erg,    or    ^gjj.jjjg,]^   impossible   for    a  Roman   Catholic   to 

Acton  o  X- 

(1834-1902)    ^J^ter   as   an   undergraduate.      Later   in   life    he 

Trin.  1895.    was  to   come   as   Regius   Professor  of   History, 

and  highly   valuable   was   the   work  that   Acton 

did  in  that  character.     Abroad  he  was  recognised 

as  a  brilliant  historian,  and  his  opposition  to  ultra- 

montanism  was  known  to  all  men.     He  left  little 

writing  behind,  but  his  strength  lay  in  the  calm 

wisdom  with  which  he  viewed  matters,  and  in 

the  knowledge  of  facts  he  had  acquired  from 

wide   reading.     He   was   looked   up   to   as   one 

who  was  a  real  authority,  and  the  charm  of  his 

176 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 

manner  brought  him  many  friends.  He  was 
intimate  with  Dollinger,  Ranke,  Hefele,  Dupan- 
loup,  Wiseman,  Gladstone,  and  Henry  Maine: 
and  to  historical  study  at  Cambridge  he  gave 
great  impetus.  He  had  acquired  an  enormous 
library  of  modern  historical  works,  both  secular 
and  ecclesiastical.  From  him  it  passed  into  the 
possession  of  Andrew  Carnegie,  the  well-known 
benefactor:  Carnegie  gave  it  to  John  Morley, 
who  generously  bestowed  it  upon  Cambridge. 
The  housing  of  it  in  the  buildings  adjacent  to 
the  University  Library  has  been  an  event  of 
interest  to  all  Cambridge  men,  and  the  name  of 
Acton  will  be  honoured  by  generations  yet 
unborn. 


^77 


THEIR      BODIES      ARE      BURIED      IN      PEACE  :     BUT 
THEIR     NAME     LIVETH     FOR     EVERMORE." 


Celebrated    Cambridge    Men. 


List    of    Names    in    Chronological   Order. 


William  Lyndewode 
Robert  Wodelarke 
Thomas  Rotherham 
John  Alcock 
Nicholas  West 
Sir  Robert  Rede  ... 
John  Fisher    ... 

CUTHBERT    TuNSTALL 

Stephen  Gardiner 
Sir  William  Butts 
Thomas  Cranmer 
Thomas,  Lord  Audley 
Richard  Croke 
Hugh  Ashton 
Thomas  Goodrich 
Hugh  Latimer 
Thomas  Bilney 
Desiderius  Erasmus 
Miles  Coverdale 
Sir  Thomas  Wyatt 
John  Leland   ... 
Nicholas  Ridley    ... 
John  Redman  ... 
Robert  Pember 
Matthew  Parker 
Sir  Nicholas  Bacon 
John  Rogers    ... 
Richard  Taverner 


Gonville  Hall,  c.  1390 

King's,   1 44 1 

King's,  1444,  Pembroke,  1480 

c,   1448 

King's,  1477 

...    Magdalene  c.   1477 

...     Michael  House,  c.  1480 

.  King's  Hall  (Trinity),  c.  1494 

Trinity  Hall,  c.  1502 

Gonville  Hall,  c.   1503 

Jesus,   1503 

...    Magdalene  c.  1505 

...       King's,   1506 

...     S.  John's,  c,  1508 

Corpus  Christi,  c.  15 10,  Jesus,   15 10 

Clare,  c.  15 10 

Trinity  Hall,  c.   151 2 

Queens',  c.   151 2 

c.   1514 

...  S.  John's,  c.   15 1 7 

Christ's,  c.   1518 

...    Pembroke,  c.   1518 

S.  John's,  c.   1 521 

...     S.  John's,  c.   1522 

Corpus  Christi,   1522 

Corpus  Christi,   1523 

Pembroke,  c.   1523 

Corpus  Christi,  c.  1523 

179 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Sir  John  Cheke             ...   S.  John's,  c.  1526,  King's,  1548 

Sir  Thomas  Smith...             ...             ...            Queens',  1526 

John  Caius      ...            ...            ...          Gonville  Hall,  1529 

Roger  Ascham         ...             ...             ...          S.  John's,  1530 

John  Ponet      ...             ...             ...             ...Queens'  c.  1530 

Thomas  Watson      ...             ...             ...     S.  John's,  c.  1530 

Sir  Thomas  Gresham    ...             Gonville  and  Caius,  c  1535 

Edmund  Grindal    ...             ...             ...         Pembroke,  1535 

Edwin  Sandys            S.  John's,  c.  1535,  S.  Catharine's,  1547 

William  Cecil,  Lord  Burghley        ...         S.  John's,  1535 

Andrew  Perne              S.  John's,  c.  1536,  Peterhouse,  1554 

Sir  Walter  Mildmay  ...             ...                 Christ's,  c.  1540 

John  Dee...             ...             ...             ...          S.  John's,  1542 

Thomas  Tusser               ...  King's,   1543,  Trinity  Hall,  1544 

John  Bradford            S.  Catharine's,  1548,  Pembroke,  1549 

Sir  Francis  Walsingham     ...             ...              King's,  1548 

Martin  Bucer...             ...             ...             ...             ...  1549 

Thomas  Cartwright              ...             ...          S.  John's,  1550 

John  Whitgift        ...               Pembroke,   1550,  Trinity,  1567 

William  Chaderton      ...     Pembroke,   1553,  Queens',  1568 

Richard  Bancroft...             ...             ...        Christ's,  c,  1562 

Laurence  Chaderton           Christ's,   1564,  Emmanuel,  1584 
Thomas  Nevile    Pembroke,  c.  1564,  Magdalene,   1582, 

Trinity,  1592 

William  Whitaker                 Trinity,  1564,  S.  John's,  1586 

Stephen  Perse                ...               Gonville  and  Caius,  1565 

William  Morgan    ...             ...             ...         S.  John's,  1565 

Sir  Edward  Coke          ...             ...             ...     Trinity,  1567 

Edmund  Spenser     ...             ...             ...         Pembroke,  1569 

Robert  Browne             ...             ...        Corpus  Christi,  1570 

John  Smith              ...             ...             ...             Christ's,  15 71 

Francis  Bacon,   Lord  Verulam...             ...     Trinity,  1573 

180 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Lancelot  Andrewes  ...  ...    Pembroke,  c.   1573 

Sir  William  Temple      ...  ...  ...      King's,   1573 

Robert  Greene       ...  ...  ...         S.  John's,   1575 

John  Overall...  S.  John's,   1575,  S.  Catharine's,   1598 

Henry  Constable  ...  ...  S.  John's,  c.  1578 

William  Lee    ...  ...      Christ's,   1579,  S.John's,   1580 

Robert  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex    ...  Trinity,   1579 

Christopher  Marlowe         ...  Corpus  Christi,   1580 

John  Penry 

Sir  Henry  Siklman 

Robert  Cecil,  Earl  of  Salisbury 

Thomas  Morton 

Thomas  Nash  ... 

Richard  Boyle,  Earl  of  Cork 

John  Donne 


Peterhouse,   1580 
Trinity,   1580 
...  S.  John's,   1 58 1 
S.John's,   1582 
...S.  John's,   1582 
Corpus  Christi,   1583 
Trinity,   1587 
Christ's,  c.   1588,  Sidney  Sussex,   1599 
Emmanuel,   1589 
...    S.  John's,  c.  1590 
...    Corpus  Christi,  c.   1591 
Queens',  c.  1592 
. .  .Gonville  and  Caius,   1593 
King's,   1594 
...S.  John's,   1598 
Pembroke,   1601,  Peterhouse,   1625 
William  Bealp^     Trinity,  1605,  Jesus,  1611,  S.John's,  1633 
Nicholas  Ferrar  ...  ...  ...  Clare,   1606 

John  Cosin       ...Gonville  and  Caius,  1608,  Peterhouse,   1634 
Thomas  Wentworth,  Earl  of  Strafford  S.  John's,  c.  1608 
George  Herbert     ...  ...  ...  Trinity,   1609 

Richard  Sterne       Trinity,  1611,  Corpus  Christi,  1620, 

Jesus,   1633 
Robert  Herrick     ...     S.  John's,   1613,  Trinity  Hall,   16 16 

181 


Samuel  Ward... 
Joseph  Hall    ... 
Benjamin  Jonson 
John  Fletcher 
John  Davenant 
William  Harvey 
Richard  Montagu 
John  Williams 
Matthew  Wren 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Oliver  Cromwell 
Francis  Glisson 
John  Lightfoot 
Edmund  Waller 
Thomas  Fuller 
Thomas  Randolph 
John  Milton    ... 
Thomas,  Lord  Fairfax... 
Benjamin  Whichcote     ... 
John  Harvard 
Jeremy  Taylor 


Sidney  Sussex,  1616 

Gonville  and  Caius,  161 7 

Christ's,   161 7,  S.  Catharine's,  1650 

King's,  1620 

Queen's,  162 1 

Trinity,  1624 

...     Christ's,  1625 

...S.  John's,  1626 

Emmanuel,   1626,  King's,  1644 

Emmanuel,  1627 


...Gonville  and  Caius,   1628 
Peter  Gunning     Clare,  c.  1629,  Corpus  Christi,  1660, 

S.  John's  1 66 1 
Richard  Crashaw  ...  ...  Pembroke,   1631 

Henry  More  ...  ...  ...  Christ's,   1631 

John  Pearson  ...Queens',  1631,  King's,  1632,  Jesus,  1660, 

Trinit}",   1662 
Ralph  Cudworth  Emmanuel,  1632, Clare,  1645,  Christ's,  ^^54 


Jeremiah  Horrocks 
John  Wallis 
Seth  Ward     ... 
Nathanael  Culverwell 
Andrew  Marvell 
William  vSancroft 
John  Hutchinson  ... 
John  Smith 
Abraham  Cowley 
Thomas  Wharton  ... 
Sir  Francis  Pemberton 
Isaac  Barrow 


Emmanuel,  1632 

Emmanuel,   1632 

Sidney  Sussex,   1632 

Emmanuel,   1633 

...     Trinity,   1633 

Emmanuel,   1633 

...  Peterhouse,  c.  1635 

Emmanuel,  1636,  Queens',  1644 

Trinity,   1637 

Pembroke,   1638 

Emmanuel,   1640 


Trinity,   1643 

John  Ray         ...  S.  Catharine's,   1644,  Trinity,   1646 

Sir  William  Temple  ...  ...         Emmanuel,  1644 

182 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


John  Peachell 
John  Spencer 
John  Tillotson 
Edward  Stillingfleet 
John  Dryden  ... 
Samuel  Pepys 
William  Beveridge 
Thomas  Tenison 
Francis  Willughby 
Thomas  Shadwell 


Magdalene,  1645 

Corpus  Christi,   1645 

Clare,  1647 

S.  John's,  1649 

Trinity,  1650 

Trinity  Hall,  1650,  Magdalene,   1652 

•  •  S.  John's,   1653 

Corpus  Christi,   1653 

...     Trinity,   1653 

Gonville  and  Caius,   1656 


Joshua  Basset  Gonville  and  Caius,  1657,  Sidney  Sussex,  1686 


Sir  Isaac  Newton... 

John  Strype    ...  ...Jesus 

Jeremy  Collier 

Thomas  Baker 

Richard  Bentley    ... 

Henry  Wharton 

Matthew  Prior 

William  Whiston 

Samuel  Clarke 

Benjamin  Hoadly 

Thomas  Sherlock  ... 

Sir  Robert  Walpole 

John  Addenbrooke... 

Roger  Cotes   ... 

Daniel  Waterland 

Conyers  Middleton 

William  Law 

John  Byrom     ... 

Philip  Dormer  Stanhope,  Earl  of 

Chesterfield... 
William  Heberden 

183 


Trinity,  1661 

1662,  S.  Catharine's  1663 

Gonville  and  Caius,  1669 

...  S.  John's,  1672 

S.John's,  1676,  Trinity,  1700 

...Gonville  and  Caius,  1679 

S.  John's,  c.  1682 

Clare,  1686 

Gonville  and  Caius,  1691 

S.  Catharine's,  1691 

...  S.  Catharine's  1693 

King's  1696 

...  S.  Catharine's  1698 

Trinity,  1699 

Magdalene,  1699 

Trinity,  1700 

Emmanuel,  1705 

...     Trinity,  1708 

Trinity  Hall,  17 12 

S.  John's,  1724 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Charles  Pratt,  Earl  Camden 


King's, 


Hon. 


William  Cole  ... 
Lawrence  Sterne 
Thomas  Gray  ... 
Horace  Walpole, 
Henry  Venn 
William  Mason 
Henry  Cavendish^ 
Richard  Gough 
William  Paley 
Rowland  Hill 
Samuel  Parr 
Isaac  Milner  ... 
William  Pitt 
Herbert  Marsh 
William  Wilberforce 
Richard  Porson 
Charles  Simeon 
Thomas  Clarkson 
Charles,  2ND  Earl  Grey 
William  Hyde  Wollaston 
Thomas  Robert  Malthus 
Edward  Daniel  Clarke 
William  Wordsworth 
John  Hookham  Frere... 
Samuel  Taylor  Coleridge 
Henry  Martyn 
Thomas  Young 


...Clare,  1733,  King's, 

Jesus, 

. . .  Peterhouse,  1734,  Pembroke, 

Earl  of  Orford...  King's 

S.  John's, 

...   S.John's 

Peterhouse, 

Corpus  Christi, 

Christ's, 

...S.  John's, 

Emmanuel, 

...    Queens', 

Pembroke, 

...S.  John's, 

S.  John's, 

Trinity, 

King's, 

S.  John's,  c. 

King's,  c. 

.Gonville  and  Caius, 

Jesus, 

Jesus, 

S.  John's, 

Gonville  and  Caius,  c. 

Jesus, 

...  S.  John's, 

Emmanuel, 


Henry    John    Temple,    Viscount 

Palmerston     ... 
Adam  Sedgwick 


S.  John's, 
Trinity, 


184 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Stratford  Canning,  Viscount  Stratford 

DE  Redcliffe          ...             ...             ...       King's, 

1805 

Henry  Kirke  White             ...             ...         S.  John's, 

1805 

George  Gordon,  Lord  Byron     ...             ...     Trinity, 

1805 

Sir  John  Fred.  William  Herschel...          S.John's, 

1809 

Julius  Charles  LLvre           ...             ...              Trinity, 

1812 

William  Whewell        ...             ...             ...      Trinity, 

t8I2 

Hugh  James  Rose                  ...             ...             Trinity, 

I8I3 

Connop  Thirlwall         ...             ...             ...     Trinity, 

I8I4 

John  Stevens  Henslow        ...             ...         S.  John's, 

I8I4 

Henry  Melvill       ...        S.  John's,   1817,  Peterhouse, 

1820 

Thomas  Babington,  Lord  Macaulay                Trinity, 

I8I8 

Sir  George  Biddell  Airy            ...             ...     Trinity, 

I8I9 

James  Challis         ...             ...             ...              Trinity, 

I82I 

Sir  Alexander  Cockburn            ...           Trinity  Hall, 

1822 

Edward  Bulwek,  Lord  Lytton          ...Trinity,  1822, 

Trinity  Hall, 

1822 

Robert  Willis        ...             ...        Gonville  and  Caius, 

1822 

Fred.  Denison  Maurice    Trinity,   1823,  Trinity  Hall, 

1825 

John  Sterling         ...          Trinity,   1824,  Trinity  Hall, 

1825 

Richard  Chenevix  Trench          ...             ...     Trinity, 

1825 

Edward  Fitzgerald               ...             ...             Trinity, 

1826 

Christopher  Wordsworth           ...             ...      Trinity, 

J826 

Richard  Monckton  Milnes,  Lord  Houghton  Trinity, 

1827 

James  Spedding       ...             ...             ...              Trinity, 

1827 

George  Augustus  Selwyn           ...             ...S.  John's, 

1827 

Charles  Robert  Darwin     ...             ...             Christ's, 

1828 

Alexander  William  Kinglake   ...             ...      Trinit}^, 

1828 

Alfred,  Lord  Tennyson       ...             ...              Trinity, 

1828 

Henry  Alford                ...             ...             ...      Trinity, 

1829 

William  Makepeace  Thackeray        ...             Trinity, 

1829 

John  William  Colenso                ...             ...  S.  John's, 

1832 

185 

CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 

Charles  John  Vaughan       ...             ...             Trinity,  1834 

Thomas  Attwood  Walmisley        Jesus,   1835,  Trinity,  1839 

Harvey  Goodwin    ...             ...       Gonville  and  Caius,  1835 

John  Mason  Neale        ...        Trinity,   1836,  Downing,  1840 

Robert  Leslie  Ellis             ...             ...             Trinity,  1836 

Sir  George  Gabriel  Stokes       ...             ...Pembroke,  1837 

Alexander  James  Beresford  Hope           ...      Trinity,  1837 

Arthur  Cayley      ...             ...             ...             Trinity,  1838 

Charles  Kingsley          ...             ...            ...Magdalene,  1838 

John  Couch  Adams                ...             ...         S.  John's,  1839 

Sir  Henry  Sumner  Maine  ...      Pembroke,  1840, 

Trinity  Hall,  1845 

William  Thomson,  Lord  Kelvin                 Peterhouse,  184F 

Henry  Latham       ...         Trinity,   1841,    Trinity  Hall,  1847 
Charles  Frederick  Mackenzie         S.  John's,   1844, 

Gonville  and  Caius,  1845 

Brooke  Foss  Westcott        ...             ...              Trinity,  1844 

Fenton  John  Anthony  HoRT   Trinity,  1846,  Emmanuel,  1871 

James  Hamblin  Smith        ...           Gonville  and  Caius,  1846 

Sir  George  Murray  Humphry  ...             ...  Downing,  1847 

Joseph  Barber  Lightfoot    ...             ...             Trinity,  1847 

Edward  White  Benson                ...             ...      Trinity,  1848 

Spencer  Compton,  Duke  of  Devonshire          Trinit}^,  1850 

Sir  Leslie  Stephen               ...             ...     Trinity  Hall,  1850 

Henry  Bradshaw          ...             ...             ...       King's,  1850 

James  Clerk  Maxwell        Peterhouse,  1850,  Trinit}-,  1850 

Frederic  William  Farrar                  ...              Trinit}'^,  1850 

Edward  John  Routh    ...             ...               Peterhouse,  1850 

Charles  Stuart  Calverley                ...            Christ's,  1852 

Henry  Fawcett      ...  Peterhouse,  1852,  Trinity  Hall,  1853 
Sir  John  Robert  Seeley     ...                Christ's,  1852, 

Gonville  and  Cains,  1882 
186 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Lord  Frederick  Cavendish 

Henry  Sidgwick     ... 

Sir  Henry  Campbell-Bannerman 

Sir  William  Sterndale  Bennett 

Sir  Walter  Besant 

Sir  Richard  Claverhouse  Jebb 

Edward  Henry  Palmer 

Sir  Frank  Lockwood 

Charles  Stewart  Parnell 

Frederic  William  Maitland 

Francis  Maitland  Balfour 

James  Kenneth  Stephen 

Sir  Michael  Foster 

Mandell  Creighton 

John  Emerich  Edward,  Lord  Acton 


...     Trinity,  1855 

Trinity,  1855 

...      Trinity,  1855 

...S.  John's,  1856 

...     Christ's,  1856 

Trinity,  1858 

...S.  John's,  1863 

Gonville  and  Caius,  1865 

Magdalene,  1865 

Trinit}^  1869,  Downing,  1888 

...     Trinity,  1870 

King's,  1878 

Trinity,  1883 

Emmanuel,  1884 

Trinity,  1895 


187 


Celebrated    Cambridge    Men. 


ALPHABETICAL    INDEX. 


Abbey,  Westminster,  see  West- 

rr.inster  A. 
Abbot,  53. 

Abolition  of  Tests,  137. 
"  Absolom    and    Achitophel,'* 

93- 
Absolom,  Play  of,  31. 
Acoustics  (see  Stokes),   153. 
Acton,  Lord,  176. 
Adams,  J.  C.,  156,  140. 
Addenbrooke's  Hospital,  106. 
Addenbrooke,  J.,  106. 
Advertisements,    The   25 
*'  Agnostic's  Apology."   165. 
"  Aids  to  Reflection," 
Airy,  Sir  G.  B.,  139,  140.  156, 

156. 
Alabama  Claims,  140. 
Aicock,  Chapel,  6. 
Alcock,  John,  6,  35. 
Alexandria,    130. 
Alford,  H.,  147,  143. 
All  Saints'  Cross,  133. 
"  All  Sorts  and  Conditions  of 

Men,"  170. 
All    Saints,     Margaret    Street, 

154- 
All  Souls  College,  78. 
Allegorical      Interpretation     of 

Scripture,    120. 
'•  Alton  Locke,"  ISS- 
Ambassador  (see  S.   Canning), 

132. 
America,   128,  77. 
Anatomists,        Glisson,        72 ; 

Wharton,    87. 
"  Ancient  Mariner,"  128. 
Andrewes,   L.,  48,  41,  44,   54, 

56,  60,  62,  66,  67,  6g,  92. 
"  Anecdotes  of  Painting,"  114. 
"  Anglia  Sacra,"  loi. 
Anglican  Principles,  92. 


Animal   Life   (see   Willughby), 

95- 
Animal  Morphology,  174, 
*'  Annals  of  Reformation," 
Anne  of  Cleves,  14. 
Anne,  Q.,  95,  loi,  108. 
"Answer,"  Whitgift's,  40. 
Anthems,  150. 
Antiquaries — 

Leland,    21  ;      Spelman,    53  ; 

Spencer,    91 ;    Strype,    98. 

Baker,  99 ;  Wharton,  loi ; 

Cole,    no;   Gough,    115. 
Antiquary,  King's,  21. 
Anti-Romans,  61. 
Antwerp,  32. 

"Apologia  Catholica,"  54, 
"  Apostles,    Cambridge,"    143, 

144,  146. 
Apostolic  Canons,  94. 
"Appello    Caesarem,"    61. 
Arabi   (see  Palmer),   172. 
Arabia,  129. 
Arabic,  172. 
Arabs,  172. 

Aragon,  Catharine  of,  13,  14. 
Archb.   Cant.    11.    Parker.    24; 

Grindal,  33  ;  Whitgift,  40  ; 

Bancroft,    41   ;      Sancroft,. 

85  ;     Tillotson,  92 ;     Be\f 

ridge,  95;  Benson,  162. 
Archb.     York,     Grindal,     33; 

Sandys,    33,     34;     Sterne, 

yi  ;  Williams,  62. 
Archb.  Dublin,  Trench,  142. 
Archbishops,  Cant.,  Lives  of, 

98. 
Archdeacon,   117,   136. 
Architecture,  136,  141,  151- 
Arian  Views,  102,  103,  104. 
Aristophanes   (see  Frere),    128. 
Aristotle,  49. 


180 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Armada,  40. 
Arnold,  T.,  155,  160. 
"Articles,   39,"   25. 
Ascham,  Roger,  30,  12,  24,  28, 

37- 
Ashdon    (village),    24. 
Ashton,  Hugh,   16. 
Astronomer,  Royal,  140. 
Astronomers,     Horrocks,    83  ; 

Wallis,    83;     Ward,     84; 

Newton,    g6 ;    Cotes,    106 ; 

Herschel,  135 ;  Airy,  140 ; 

Challis,  140;  Adams,  156. 
'*  Astronomy,"   137. 
Athanasian  Creed,  107. 
Athletics,   164. 
Attorney  General,  43 ;   Bacon, 

46;  Camden,  no. 
Auckland  Castle,  162. 
Audley,  Thomas,  Lord,  15. 
"  Augmentis,    De,"    47. 
Augustine,  S.,  163. 
Augustine's,  S.,  College,  Can- 
terbury, 154. 
Augustinians,  i,  21. 
Austerlitz,   120. 
Austin,  C,  139. 
Avignon  Cathedral,  4. 
Avondale,  173. 

Bach,  ISO. 

Bacon,  F.,  46,  43,  48,  49,  51, 

52,  54»  56,  58,  69,  79,  144, 

153- 
Bacon,  Sir  Nicholas,  27,  31. 
Baker,  T.,  99. 

Balfour,  Arthur  James,  174. 
Balfour,  F.  M.,  174. 
Ball,  Sir  R.,  135. 
Balsham,  Hugh,  2. 
Bancroft,  R.,  41,  42,  54,  62. 
Bangorian    Controversy,    104, 

105,  108. 
Bannerman,  Sir  H.  Campbell, 

169. 
Baptists,  45;  Smith,  45. 


Barlow,  Bp.,  25. 

Barnwell  Priory,  i. 

Barrow,  I.,  88,  76,  84,  90. 

Basset,  J.,  96. 

Bateman,   William,  3,  35. 

Battles,  Marston  Moor,  76; 
Naseby,  76  ;  Trafalgar, 
120. 

Bayswater  Cemetery,   112. 

Beaconsfield,  Lord,  161. 

Beagle,  H.M.S.,  145. 

Beale,  W.,  63. 

Beaumont,  44,   58,   59. 

"  Becket,"  146. 

Bedells,  Esquire,  28. 

Behmen,  J.,   109,  129. 

*•  Being  and  Attributes  of 
God,"  103. 

Bellarmine,  42. 

Bemerton,  70. 

Benedictine     Monk,    88. 

Bennett,  Sir  W.  Sterndale,  170. 

Benson,  E.  W.,   162,  159,   160, 

Bentley,  R.,  100,  92,  97,  102, 
103,  105,  106,  107,  109. 

Beresford  Hope,  A.  J.,  154, 
152. 

Berkeley,  103. 

Besant,  Sir  Walter,  170,  167, 
168. 

Beverley  School,  6,  8. 
„        Minster,  6. 
„        Town  6,  7. 

Beveridge,  W.,  94. 

Bible,  21,  27,  28,  43,  48. 

Biblical  Criticism,  148. 

Biblical  Students  and  Critics — 
Gardiner,  11;  Cranmer,  13; 
Coverdale,  21  ;  Ridley, 
23  ;  Parker,  25  ;  Taverner, 
28;  Rogers,  27;  Morgan, 
43  ;  Bucer,  38  ;  Cart- 
wright,  39 ;  Chaderton, 
41  ;  Erasmus,  19 ;  Whita- 
ker,    42;     Lightfoot,    72; 


190 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Spencer,     91  ;     Beveridge, 
94 ;    Bentley,    100 ;    Marsh, 
120;      Wordsworth,     143; 
Alford,      147  ;      VaughaD, 
149;  Westcott,  159;  Hort, 
160  ;       Waterland,      107  ; 
Lightfoot,  161  ;  Davenant, 
60. 
Bilney,   Th.,    19. 
Biological  Research,  175. 
'•  Bishops'   Bible,"   10,   26. 
'♦Bishops'  Book,"  17. 
Bishopsgate,  S.  Helen's,  32. 
Bishops  of — 

Bangor,  Hoadly,  104 ;  Sher- 
lock, 105. 

Bath  and  Wells,  94  ;  Barlow,  25. 

Bedford,  Hodgkins,  25. 

Carlisle,  117;  Sterne,  71; 
Goodwin,    150. 

Chester,  Chaderton,  4 1  ; 
Morton,  54;  Pearson,  <S2. 

Chichester,  Scory,  25 ;  An- 
drewes,  48  ;  Montagu,  61 ; 
Gunning,   80. 

Down  and  Connor,  78. 

Durham,  55;  Morton,  25, 
54 ;  Tunstall,  10 ;  Cosin, 
67;  Westcott,  159;  Light- 
foot,  161. 

Ely,  2;  Balsham.  2;  Alcock, 
6;  West,  7;  Goodrich,  17; 
Andrewes,  48;  Wren,  62; 
Gunning,    79. 

Exeter,    Coverdale,    21,    24; 

Hall,  57  ;    Ward,  84. 
Hereford,  Wren,  62. 
Lichfield,  Morton,  54 ;    Sel- 
wyn,   144. 

Lincoln,  Rotherham,  5 ; 
Watson,  31  ;  Chaderton, 
41  ;  Williams,  62 ;  Beve- 
ridge, 95 ;  Wordsworth, 
143- 


Llandaff,        Morgan,        43  ; 

Marsh,  121. 
London,  Tunstall,  10;  Grin- 
ley*  33  ;  Sandys,  33  ;  Ban- 
croft,   41  ;    Sherlock,    105 ; 
Creighton,  175. 
Manchester,    161. 
Natal,  148. 

New  Zealand,   Selwyn,   144. 

Norwich,       Bateman,        3 ; 

Overall,     50;     Hall,     57; 

Montagu,   61  ;   Wren,  62. 

Peterborough,    Marsh,     121  ; 

Creighton,  175. 
Rochester,     Rotherham,     5 ; 
Alcock,      7 ;      Fisher,      8 ; 
Ridley,   22;  Ponet,  31;. 
S.     Asaph,     Morgan,     43  ; 

Beveridge,  94. 
S.    David's,  Lyndewode,    5 ; 

Thirlwall,  138. 
Salisbury,  Davenant,  Co,  70. 
73;   Ward,   84;    Sherlock, 
105. 
Truro,    163 ;    Benson,    163. 
Winchester,     Gardiner,     11  ; 

Ponet,  31  ;  Andrewes,  48. 
Worcester,  Alcock,  6;  Lati- 
mer,     17;     Sandys,     33; 
Whitgift,  40;  Stillingfleet, 
92. 
Black  Death,  3. 
Black    Friars,    35. 
Blessed  Sacrament,  10,  63,  65. 
Blindness,  168. 
Blomfield,  Bp.,  132. 
Boleyn,  Anne,  13,  16,  21. 
Bonner,  22,  23,  37. 
Book  of  Common  Prayer,  67, 

80,   121. 
*'  Borough      and     Township," 

174. 
Botanists,  Ray,  90  ;    Henslow, 

138- 
Boyle,  R.,  55. 


191 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Bradford,    J.,    37,   12,    22,    28, 

33,  38,  40. 
Bradshaw,  H,,  165,  160,  171. 
Braintree,  90. 
Bramhall,  Abp.,  25. 
"  Bride  of  Abydos,"  134. 
Brighton,  168. 
Bristol  College,   153. 
British     and     Foreign     Bible 

Society,    118,   120. 
British    Museum,    37,  65,    99, 

III. 
"  British  Typography,"  115. 
Broad  Windsor,  73. 
Brooks,  Phillips,  77. 
Browne,    R.,   45. 
Brownists,  45. 
Browning,  R.,  146. 
Bucer,  M.,   38,  24,  33,  35. 
Buller,  C,  143. 
Bulwer,  Lytton,   E.,    140. 
Burghley,   34,    24,   26,    27,    28, 

30.    32,  38,  39.   43.   46,   5'* 

53- 
Burke,  169. 

Burnet,  Bp.,  92,  97,  99. 
Busby,  92,  102. 
Busts,  95,  166. 
Butler,  Alban,   iii. 
Butler,  Bishop,  103,  109. 
Butts,  Sir  W.,  12. 
Byrom,  J.,  109,  129, 
Byron,   Lord,  134,    129. 

Cadiz,  SI- 

Caius,  J.,  29,  2,  6,  31. 

Calcutta,   130. 

Calendar,  Julian,  36. 

"  Calender,  Shepheards,"  44. 

Calverle}^  C.  S.,  167,  168. 

Calvinism,  40,  52,  60,  83,  120. 

Calvinists,  Penry,  52;  Cart- 
wright,  39. 

Cam,  The,   124,   134. 

Cambridge,  26,  34,  35,  37, 
44,    78,   85,   95,    HI,   112, 


113,    117,    119,    122,    123, 
126,    137,    158,    160,     168, 
171,    172,   173,    173,    175. 
Cambridge — 

Augustinians,    i. 

Black  Friars,  35. 

Barnwell   Priory,    i. 

Carmelites,   i. 

Dominicans,    i,  35. 

Franciscians,   i. 

Hospital  ot  S.  John,  i,  2,  8. 

Nunnery  of  S.  Rhadegund,  1. 
Cambridge   (America),   77. 
Cambridge     "Apostles,"     143, 

144,   146. 
('amb.    Churches — 

All  Saints',  133. 

H.    Sepulchre,    151. 

H.   Trinity,    123,    129. 

S.  Andrew's,  82,  95. 

S.  Benet's,  i,   ^3. 

S.  Botolph's,  118. 

S.    Clement's,  42,    no,    irr. 

S.    Edward's,    17,    141,    150, 
170. 

S.  Giles',   I. 

S.  Mary  Great,  6,  39,  162, 

S.  Mary  Less,  80,  138,  13S. 
Camden,  22. 

'*  Camden's    Britannia,**    115. 
Camden,  Earl,  no. 
Camden  Society,   Camb.,   150, 

151- 
Campbell  -  Bannerman,       H., 

169. 
Canning,    131. 
Canning,    Vise.    Stratford    dft 

Redcliffe,    132. 
Canon  Law,  5. 
Canterbury,    154. 
Cape  Town,   148. 
"  Caractacus,"    115. 
Carlyle,     T.,     141,     142,     i^-?.^ 

144.  155- 
Carmelites,  i. 
Carnegie,  Andrew,  177. 


192 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Caroline  Divines,  60,  79. 
Carrier,  Camb.,  73. 
Cartwright,  T.,  39,  26,  40,  41, 

42,  45.  52. 
Casaubon,    61. 
"  Castle  of  Otranto,"  114. 
Catechism,  Church,  50. 
Catharine,   of  Aragon,    13,    14. 

Cathedrals — 

Avignon,  4. 

Canterbury,    163,    167. 

Ely,   2,   6,    16. 

Lincoln,    163. 

Norwich,    61. 

Salisbury,    70. 

S.  Paul's,  33,  36,  37,  51, 
55.  56,  85,  138,  162,  172, 
176. 

Soutliwark,  49,  60,  77. 

Truro,    163. 
Catholicity,  48,   57,   79. 
Cavendish,    H.,    115. 
Cavendish,     Lord     Frederick, 

169. 
Cavendish   Laboratory,    166. 
Cavendish,  Spencer  C,  D.  cf 

Devonshire,    164. 
Cawnpore,  130. 
Cayley,  A.,    155,    153. 
Cecil,    Earl    of    Salisbury,   53, 

43»    54- 
Cecil,   Lord   Burleigh,   34,   24, 
26,  27,  28,  30,  32,  38,  39, 

43>  46,   51.   53- 
Ceremonial,  48,  67. 
Chaderton,  L.,  42. 
Chaderton,  W.,  41,  39. 
Challis,  J.,   140,   152,  156. 
Champollion,  130. 
Chancellor's     Medallist,     149, 

161,   162. 
Chancellors,      Camb.      Univ., 

Rotherham,  6;  Fisher,  8; 

Gardiner,      12,     28,      31  ; 

Cromwell,     12;    Burghley, 


34,  51  ;  Essex,  51  ;  Salis- 
bury, 54;  Camden,  150; 
Prince  Albert,  150;  Dev- 
onshire,   164. 

Chancellors  of  England — 
Rotherham,    5  ;   Audley,    15  ; 

Alcock,  7  ;    Goodrich,  17  ; 

Gardiner,     12 ;      Camden, 

no. 
Chancellor      of       Exchequer, 

35.  loS- 
Chapel,  Alcock,  6. 
Chapel  of    St.  Stephen,  5. 
Chapel,  West,  7. 

Chaplain,    Univ.,  22. 
Chapman,  58. 
"  Charge   of   Light    Brigade," 

146. 
Charles  L,   59,  63,  65,  68,  69, 

70,  72,  78,  86,  87. 
Charles  IL,  76,  85,  89. 
Charrington,  172. 
Charterhouse,    148. 
Chatham,    Earl    of,    no,    119, 

131- 
Chaucer,  44,  87. 
Cheke,    Sir   John,    28,    12,   13. 

29,  305  31.  34,  36- 
Chemistry,    115,    125. 
Chesterfield,   Earl  of,  no,   90. 
Chief  Justice,   43,    140. 
Chief     Justice     of     Common 

Pleas,  Camden,  no. 
"  Childe  Harold,"  134. 
"  Children  of  Gibeon,"  170. 
"  Christabel,"    129. 
Christianity,      75,      107,      log, 

117,    162,    166. 
Christian    Doctrines,    154. 
"  Christian  Meditations,"  58. 
"  Christian    Perfection,"    108. 
"  Christian  Year,"   152. 
Church,  Dean,  48,   127. 
Churches,   of    England,   151, 
Church,    Eastern,    152. 
Church    Restoration,    151- 


193 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Church   Universal,  49. 
Churches — 

All  Saints',  Margaret  Street, 

154- 
St.   Andrew's,   Wells  Street, 

151. 
St.  Bride's,  Fleet  Street,  71, 

72. 
St.    Giles',    Cripplegate,    75. 
St.  Giles'  in  Fields,  85. 
St.      Helen's,      Bishopsgate 

Street,  31. 
St.    Michael's,    St.    Albans, 

47- 
St.  Olave's,  Hart  Street,  94. 
Church  of  England,  25,  27,  39, 
40  41,  48,  53,  54,  56,  57, 
61,  62,  64,  66,  67,  68,  69, 
70,  79,  81,  82,  92,  92,  94, 
95>  99>  102,  103,  104,  105, 
107,    117,    121,    123,     129, 

i39>    143.    150.    151.    154, 
159,   163,  164,   176- 
Churchmen — 

Bateman,  3  ;  Rotherham,  5  ; 
Alcock,  6;  Fisher,  8; 
Tunstall,  10 ;  Gardiner, 
11;  Cranmer,  13;  Good- 
rich, 16;  Latimer,  17; 
Erasmus,  19 ;  Coverdale, 
21 ;  Ridley,  22 ;  Parker, 
24;  Ponet,  30;  Watson, 
30 ;  Grindal,  32 ;  Sandys, 
33;  Cartwright,  39;  Whit- 
gift,  40 ;  Bancroft,  41 ; 
Andrewes,  48 ;  Montagu, 
61 ;  Wren,  62  ;  Ferrar,  64  ; 
Cosin,  66;  Herbert,  70; 
Overall,  50;    Morton,  54; 

Hall,     57  ;      Ward,     56  ; 

Davenant,  60;  Taylor,  78; 

Fuller,  72;    Gunning,  79; 

Sancroft,  85;   Stillingfleet 

92;     Barrow,     88;     Beve- 

ridge,    94;     Tenison,    95; 

Bentley,     100 ;      Sherlock, 


105  ;       Waterland,      107  ; 
Law,     108;      Venn,     114; 
Paley,    115;    Milner,    ii8; 
Marsh,  120 ;  Simeon,  123  ; 
Maurice,    141  ;     Tillotson, 
91 ;    Rose,    137 ;    Trench, 
142  ;       Wordsworth,     143 ; 
Vaughan,    149;     Goodwin, 
150;  Neale,  150;  B.  Hope, 
154;  Kingsley,  155;  West- 
cott,   159;  Lightfoot,   161; 
Benson,  162;  Farrar,  166; 
Creighton,   175. 
"  Cicero,  Life  of,"    108. 
Circulation  of  Blood,  60. 
Civil  War,  76,  87. 
Clapham,  115. 
Clare,  Countess  of,  4. 
Clarence,  Duke  of,  174- 
Clarke,  Sam,  103,  72,  102,  104, 

107,   109. 
Clarke,   E.  D.,    126,    125,    138. 
Clarkson,   T.,    124,   121. 
Classics    (Men),    61,    89,    151, 

162,    166. 
Classics,    Senior,    Maine,    156; 
Westcott,    159;    Lightfoot, 
x6i  ;     Jebb,    171  ;     Words- 
worth, 143  ;    Selwyn,  144  ; 
Vaughan,    149 ;    Sidgwick, 
169. 
Classics,  The,  79.  123. 
Classics,  61,  89,  151. 
Clerk  Maxwell,  J.,  166,  167. 
Clerk  of  King's  Ships,  94. 
"Clerus  Domini,"   78. 
Cleves,  Anne  of,  14- 
Cockburn,   Sir  A.,    140. 
Coke,   Sir  E.,  43,  46,   S'- 
Cole,  W.,  no,  113,  114,  "S- 
Colenso,  J.   W.,   148. 
Coleridge,  S.  T.,  128,  73,  127, 

128,  142,    155,    160. 
Colet,  6,   19. 
*'  Collectanea,"  22. 


194 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Colleges — 

Buckingham,   7,    13. 

Christ's,  S,  32,  41,  77;  Ban- 
croft, 41  ;  Chaderton, 
42  ;  Mildmay,  35  ;  Smith, 
45;  Lee,  50;  Ward,  56; 
Lightfoot,  72  ;  Milton,  74 ; 
More,  Si  ;  Cudworth,  82  ; 
Paley,  115;  Darwin,  144; 
Calverley,  167 ;  Seeley, 
168;  Besant,  170;  Leland, 
21. 

Clare,  50,  4 ;  Ferrar,  64  ; 
Gunning,  79 ;  Cudworth, 
82 ;  Tillotson,  91  ;  Whis- 
ton,  102;  Cole,  no;  Lati- 
mer,  17 ;  Ridley,  22. 

Corp.  Chr.,  4,  19 ;  Parker, 
24 ;  Bacon,  27  ;  Goodrich, 
16 ;  Taverner,  28 ;  Brov/ne, 
45,  Marlowe,  52;  Boyle, 
55;  Fletcher,  59;  Sterne, 
70 ;  Gunning,  79 ;  Spencer, 
91 ;   Tenison,    95 ;    Gough, 

"5- 

Downing,  Neale,  150;  Ihim- 
phry,   161 ;  Maitland,   173. 

Emm.,  I,  36,  35;  Chader- 
ton, 42;  Hall,  57;  Which- 
cote,  76 ;  Harvard,  77 ; 
Cudworth,  82  :  Horro:.}  ?, 
S3;  Wallis,  83;  Culver- 
well,  84  ;  Bancroft,  85  ; 
Smith,  87;  Pemberton,  88; 
Law,  108 ;  Temple,  90 ; 
Parr,  118;  Young,  130; 
Hort,  i6o;  Creighton,  175. 

Gonv.  and  Cai.,  3,  4,  29, 
28,  168;  Greshara,  31; 
Lyndewode,  4  ;  Butts,  12  ; 
Smith,  29 ;  Cains,  29 ; 
Perse,  42 ;  Harvey,  60 ; 
Cosin,  66 ;  Glisson,  71  ; 
Ta3'lor,  78  ;  Shadwell,  as  ; 
Basset,  96 ;  Collier,  98 ; 
Wharton,      loi   ;      Clarke, 


103  ;  Wollaston,  125  ; 
Frere,  128;  Willis,  141; 
Goodwin,  150;  Mackenzie, 
158;  Hamblin  Smith,  160; 
Lockwood,  172 ;  Seeley,  168. 

Jesus,  I,  7,  41,  II,  126;  Mai- 
thus,  126;  Clarke,  126; 
Coleridge,  128  ;  Sterne, 
70 ;  Pearson,  81  ;  Strype, 
98;  Sterne,  in;  Walmis- 
ley,  150;  Alcock,  6;  Good- 
rich, 16 ;  Crammer,  13. 

King's,  5,  124;  Wodelarke, 
5;  Croke,  16;  Rotherham, 
5,  6  ;  Tusser,  37  ;  West,  7 ; 
Walsingham,  38 ;  Cheke, 
28;  Temple,  49;  Montagu, 
61  ;  Waller,  y2  ;  Whichcote, 
76. 

Pearson,  81 ;  Walpole,  105 ; 
Camden,  no;  Cole,  no; 
H.  Walpole,  114;  Simeon, 
123  ;  Grey,  125  ;  Stratford 
Canning,  132 ;  Bradshaw, 
165;  J.   K.   Stephen,   174. 

King's    Hall,    24. 

Magd.,  Peachell,  90;  Pepys, 
92  ;  Waterland,  107  ; 
Kingsley,  155  ;  Parnell, 
173;    Nevile,   42. 

Magdalene,  32 ;  Rede,  7 ; 
Audley,   15. 

Michael,  H.,  3,  4;  Fisher,  8. 

Pembroke,  34,  38,  113; 
Rotherham,  5 ;  Rogers, 
,  27  ;  Bradford,  37  ;  Ridley, 
22 ;  Grindal,  32 ;  Whit- 
gift,  40 ;  Chaderton,  41  ; 
Nevile,  42  ;  Spenser,  43  ; 
Andrewes,  48 ;  Wren,  62 ; 
Crashaw,  80 ;  Wharton, 
87;  Gray,  112;  Pitt,  119; 
Stokes,  153;  Maine,   156. 

Peterhouse,  2,  4,  113;  Perne, 
35  ;  Penry,  52  ;  Cosin,  66 ; 
Hvitchinson,  86;  Wren,  62; 


195 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Gray,  112;  Cavendish,  11; 
Melvill,  138;  Kelvin,  157; 
Clerk        Maxwell,        166 ; 
Routh,  167;  Fav/cett,  168. 
Queens',  i,  20;  Erasmus,  9, 
19 ;  Smith,  29 ;  Ponet,  30. 
Chaderton,  41  ;   Davenant, 
60 ;    P'uller,    72 ;    Pearson, 
81;  Smith,  87  ;  Milner,  118. 
S.      Cath,,     Wodelarke,     5; 
Sandys,  33  ;  Bradford,  37  j 
T-ightfoot,    72;    Ray,     90; 
Strype,    98;    Hoadly,    103; 
Sherlock,       105 ;       Adden- 
brooke,     106;    Milner,    J., 
118 ;  Overall,   50. 
Sidney,     Sussex,     57 ;     Sam 
Ward,,  56 ;  Cromwell,  71 ; 
Seth  Ward,  84;  Basset6,  9. 
S.  John's,  53,  57,  63,  8,  16, 
26,  28,  30,  34,  1 50  J  Cheke, 
28  ;  Cartwright,  39  ;  Wyatt, 
21  ;   Watson,   31  ;   Pember, 
24 ;    Sandys,    33 ;    Ashton, 
16;  Burghley,  34;  Redman, 
24 ;    Perne,  35 ;     Ascham, 
^O',    Dee,    36;    Salisbury, 
53  ;   Beale,   63  ;   Whitaker, 
42  ;    Morgan.   43  ;    Greene, 
50 ;  Overall,  50 ;  Constable, 
50 ;    Lee,   50  ;  Morton,   54  ; 
Nash,     55 ;     Jonson,     58 ; 
Wentv/orth,  68 ;   W^illiams, 
62 ;   Herrick,    71  ;   Fairfax, 
76 ;  Gunning,  79 ;  Stilling- 
fleet,    92 ;    Beveridge,    94 ; 
Baker   99 ;    Bentley,     100 ; 
Prior,       102 ;      Heberden, 
no;    Venn,    114;    Mason, 
114;     Hill,     117;     Marsh, 
120;      Wilberforce,       121; 
Clarkson,       124 ;      Words- 
worth,   126;  Martyn,    129; 
Palmerston,      131  ;     Kirke 
White,  133  ;  Herchel,  135  ; 
Henslow,  138  ;  Melvill,  135  ; 


Selwyu,       144 ;      Colenso, 
148;  Adams,  156;  Macken- 
zie,   1 58 ;    Stcrndale    Ben- 
nett,  176;    Palmer,    171. 
Trinity,    3,    7,    26,    36,    39, 
42,   50,   100,   loi,  126,   136, 
137,    150*     151;    Rede,    7; 
Whitgift,  40  ;  Tunstall,  10 ; 
Whitaker,    42 ;    Coke,    43 ; 
Bacon,  46 ;    Herbert,   69 ; 
Essex,    51;    Spelman,    533 
Donne,     55 ;     Beale,     63  j 
Sterne,  70;  Randolph,  74; 
Pearson,  81 ;  Marvell,  85 ; 
Cowley,   87 ;   Barrow,   88 ; 
Ray,     90 ;      Dryden,     92 ; 
W^illughby,   95  ;      Newton, 
96;    Cotes,    106;    Bentley, 
100  ;       Middleton,     107  ; 
Byrom,   109;    Person,   122; 
Sedgwick,     131  ;     Byron, 
134  ;  Hare,  135  ;  Wheweli, 
136;  Rose,  137;  Thirlwal], 
137 ;  Macaulay,  138 ;  Airy, 
139-     Challis,    140;     Lyt- 
ton,    140;     Maurice,    141; 
Sterling,      142  ;     Trench, 
142  ;      Fitzgerald,    .  142  ; 
Wordsworth,  143;  Hough- 
ton,   143  ;    Spedding,    144  ; 
Kinglalre,   146;  Tennyson, 
146;  Alford,  147;  Thacke- 
ray,   147;   Vaughan,    149; 
Walmisley,     150;     NeaJe. 
150;  Ellis,  153;  Beresford 
Latham,     158;      W^strott, 
159;  Hort,  1 60;  Lightfoot, 
161  ;  Benson,   162  ;  Farrar, 
166;   Clerk   Maxwell,    t66  ; 
Cavendish,      164 ;     Caven- 
dish,   169;  Sidgwick,    169; 
Campbell-Bannerman,  169 ; 
Jebb,  171;  Maitland,  173; 
F.      M.      Balfour,       174; 
Foster,    174;    Acton,    176; 
Hope,   154;  Cayley,   155. 


196 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Trinity  Hall,  3,  4;  Gar- 
diner, 11;  Bilney,  iq; 
Trusser,  37;  Ileirick,  71; 
Pepys,  92 ;  Chesterfield, 
no;  Cockbura,  140;  Lyt- 
ton,  140 ;  Maurice,  141  ; 
Sterling,  142 ;  Maine,  156 ; 
Latham,  158;  Stephen, 
164;  Fawcett,  168. 
Colleges,  Masters  ol — 

Chr.,   Cudworth,  82. 

Clare,   Cud^vorth,  82. 

Corp.  Chr.,  59;  Gunning, 
80 ;  Spencer,  gi  ;  Parker, 
24. 

Emm.,    Sancroft,  85, 

Gonv.  and  C,  Caius,  29. 

King's,  Wodelarke,  4 ; 
Whichcote,  76 ;  Cheke,  28. 

Jesus,  Beale,  63 ;  Sterne,  70 ; 
Pearson,    81. 

Magdalene,  Nevile,  42  ; 
Peachell,  90;  Waterland, 
107. 

Michael  House,   Fisher,   S. 

Pembroke,  Whitgift,  40  ; 
Andrewes,  48  ;  Stokes, 
154;  Ridley,  22;  Grindal, 

33- 
Peterhouse,       Wren,       62  ; 

Cosin,   67 ;   Perne,   35. 
Queens',  Fisher,   8 ;    Chader- 

ton,     41  ;    Davenant,     60 ; 

Milner.  118. 
S.  Catharine's,  Overall,  50; 

Lightfoot,     72 ;     Sherlock, 

105 ;    Sandys,   33. 
S.     John's,     Whitaker,     42 ; 

Beale,    63 ;    Gunning,    80 ; 

Watson,   31. 
Sidney    Sussex,    Ward,    56; 

Basset,  96. 
Trinity,  42  ;      Redman,    24  ; 

Neville,  42 ;   Whitgift,  40 ; 

Pearson,  81  ;   Barrow.  89 ; 

Bentley,  100;  Whewell,  136. 


Trinity  Hall,  168;  Gardiner, 
11;   Maine,    156;    Latham, 
158. 
College  Chapels — 

Chr.,   81,    83. 

Corp.,  91. 

Emm.,  42. 

G.  and  C.,  30,  42. 

King's,   5,    123,    170. 

Magd.,  91. 

Pemb.,  62. 

Queens',    119. 

S.   Cath.,   106. 

S.   John's,  63,  99. 

Trinity,    97,    loi,    106,    123, 
126,    132,    137,    138,    146, 
ISO- 
College   Halls- 
Emmanuel,   131. 

S.    Catharine's,   119. 

S.  John's,  127,  172. 

Trinity,    155. 
Collier,  J.,  98. 
"  Colloquia,"  20 
Colonial    Prelates,     144,     14S, 

158. 
Commentary,   Bible,   143,   162, 

159- 
Commissioners,  86. 
Common  Prayer  Book,  17,  22.. 

38. 
Communion,    First    Order   of. 

24. 
Community,      Religious,      64, 

109. 
*♦  Complete    Duty    of    Man," 
Compulsory  Chapel,  137. 
"  Comus,"    75. 
"  Conceited  Pedlar,"  74. 
Congregationalists,     45 ; 

Browne,  45. 
Constable,  H.,  50. 
Constantinople,    132 
••  Contemplations,"    58. 


197 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Controversialists,       Montagu, 

6i. 
Convocation,   9,    104. 
Cork,  Earl  of,  55. 
"  Cornhill,"  165 
Cornishmen,   156. 
•'  Corporal   Trim,"    112. 
Cosin,    J.,   66,  48,    50,  61,    63, 

84,  8s. 
Cotes,  R.,   106,  97,    loi,   102. 
Cottenham,  93. 
••  Country   Parson,"    70. 
Coverdale,  Miles,  21. 
Cowley,   A.,  87,   80. 
Cowper,  no. 
Crabbe,  G.,   142. 
Cranmer,  Thomas,   13,  12,  18, 

20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  27,  30, 

31.  37>  38. 
Crashaw,  R.,  80,  78. 
Craven  Scholarship,   139. 
Creighton,  M.,  175. 
Croke,   Rich.,    16. 
Cromwell,  O.,   71,  63,   70,   72, 

76,   80,   84,   85,   91. 
Cromwell,  T.,   12,   14,  21. 
•'  Crossing  the  Bar,"  146. 
Cross,    University,    17. 
Crotch,  170. 
Crystal  Gazing,  36. 
Cudworth,  R.,   82,   76,  84,   90, 

91. 
Culverwell,  N.,  84. 
Cury,   Petty,   28. 
Cuvier,  90. 

Darwin,    C,    144,    138. 

Davenant,  J.,  60,  57,  70,  72. 

"  Davideis,"   87. 

Davy,  Sir  H.,  126. 

"  De  Augmentis,"  47. 

"  De  legibus  Hebraeorum."  91. 

Deans — 

Canterbury,       Nevile,     42  ; 
Alford,    147 ;   Farrar,    166. 

Carlisle,   Milner,   119. 


Ely,   Goodwin,    150;   Perne, 

35- 
Llandaff,  Vaughan,  149. 
S.     Paul's,      Overall,      50; 

Donne,  56;  Sancroft,  85; 

Stillingfleet,   92. 
Salisbury,  Tunstall,  lo. 
Westminster,  Andre wes,  48, 

69  •  Williams,  62  ;  Trench, 

142. 
Windsor,  West,  7. 
Dee,  John,  36. 
Deist   Teaching,    105,    107. 
Democratic  principles,   125. 
Demotic  writing,  130. 
*•  Descent  of  Man,"   145. 
Deventer,  ig. 
Devereux,  R.,  51, 
Devonshire,   128,   155. 
Devonshire,  Duke  of,  164. 
•*  Devotions,"  48. 
'*  Diana,"   50. 
••  Diary,"  57. 
"  Diary,"  Pepys,  93,  94. 
Dictionary,    Nat.    Biography, 

165. 
Diplomatists,    Stratford    Can- 
ning, 132. 
*•  Discourse      on      Light     of 

Nature,"  84. 
Discoverers,       Har^'ey,       60  ; 

Young,   130. 
"  Dissertation    on    Letters    of 

Phaleris,"   100. 
••  Divine  Dialogues,"  81. 
Divinitj'  of    our    Lord,     104, 

107. 
Doctors — 
Harvey,     60;     Glisson,     71, 

Wharton,      87  ;       Adden- 

brooke,      106 ;     Heberden, 

no  ;       Wollaston,      125  ; 

Young,    130;     Butts,    12; 

Caius,     29;      Perse,     42; 

Humphry,   161. 
•  Doctrine  of  Eucharist,"  107. 


198 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Doctrine  of  Trinity,   103,   104, 
107. 

Dollinger,    177. 

**  Domesday    Book    and    Be- 
yond,"  174. 

Dominicans,   i. 

Doncaster,  149. 

Donne,  J.,  55,  49,  54,  56,  58, 
66,  69,  78. 

Donne,  W.  B.,  142. 

Dort,  Synod  of,  57. 

Drake,  41. 

Dramatists — 

Greene,  50 ;  Marlowe,  52 ; 
Nash,  55 ;  Jonson,  58 ; 
Fletcher,  59 

Dryden,  J.,  92,  85,  87,  95,  96, 
99,    102. 

Dublin,  Trinity  College,  49. 

Duchy  of  Lancaster,   15. 

"  Ductor  Dubitantium,"  78. 

Dugdale,  22,  53. 

Dupanloup,  177. 

Durham,  67,    162. 

"  Early  Days  of  Christianity," 

166. 
East  Grinstead,  151,  152,  153. 
Eastern    Church,    152. 
Eastern  Languages,  171. 
Eastern  Poetry,  143. 
Eastern  Question,  132. 
"  Ecce  Homo,"  168. 
**  Ecclesiastical  Hist,  of  Great 

Britain,"  73. 
"Ecclesiastical  Memorials,**  98. 
Edinburgh   University,   166. 
Edward  II.,  3. 
Edward  III.,  3. 
Edward  VI.,    lo,    12,    28,    28, 

29,  30,  32,  35.  36- 
Edward  VII.,   131,   161. 
Egyptian   Government,   172. 
Egyptian  Traveller,   171. 
Electricity,    157. 
**  Elegy    in    Country    Church- 


yard," 113. 
"  Eifrida/'  115. 
Elhs,  R.  L.,  153. 
Elizabeth,   Q.,   11,  24,  27,  28, 

29,  30,  31.  32,  33>  34.  35f 
36,  38,  41,  43,   54,  51. 
Elizabethan  Poets,  43. 
Ely  Monastery,  2. 
Ely  Palace,  6,   17. 
E  mbryology ,   1 74 . 
Emerson,    77,    143. 
England,  Church  of,  see  under 

"  Church." 
English  Hymns,  152. 
English  Trade,  31,  34. 
•*  Eothen,"   146. 
Epigrams,   58. 
Epitaphs,  58,  73,  130. 
Ep  worth,   108. 
Erasmus,    Desiderius,     19,    9, 

10,  II,  16,  28. 
Essays,    139. 

Essayists,  Macaulay,   138. 
"  Essavs     on     Freethinking,** 

165. 
Essex,  Earl  of,  51,  43,  46,  52. 
"  Esmond,"   148. 
Etheldreda,  2. 
Eton    College,    49,  61,  72,  81, 

105,    no.    III,    1X2,    114, 

117,    122,    123,    128,    132, 

13s.    144.    146,    164,    165. 

173.  174,  S.  57- 
Euripides,  123 
"  Euphranor,*'  143. 
Evangelical    Party,    114,    118, 

123,   129,   148,   150,  22. 
Evangelical  Religion,    109. 
Evelyn,  79,  80,  87,  94,  95,  lot. 
Eversley,   155. 
**  Every  man  in  his  Humour,'* 

"  Evidences  of  Christianity,** 

"S- 

Exchange,  Royal,  32. 


199 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Exchequer,  Chancellor  of,  35, 
105. 

"  Exercitatio  Anatomica,'*  61. 

Exeter  House  Chapel,  80. 

*'  Expansion      of      England," 

169. 
**  Exposition  of  Creed,*'  81. 

•'  Fable  of  Bees,"  108. 

"  Faerie  Queene,"  43,  44. 

Fagius,    35, 

Fairfax,   Lord,   76,  85. 

*'  Faithful    Shepherdess,"    60. 

Farrar,  F.  W.,  166. 

Fatalism,  83. 

"  Faustus,  Dr.,"  52. 

Fawcett,  H.,  168,   165,   171. 

Fenianism,  169. 

Ferrar,  N.,  64,  56,  69,  70,  80. 
109. 

Field,  49. 

Financiers,  Gresham,  31  ;  Mild- 
may,  35. 

Fisher,  John,  8,  6,  7,  14,  16, 
20. 

Fitzgerald,  E.,   142. 

Fleet  Street,  S.  Bride's 
Church,   71. 

Fletcher,  J.,  59,  44,  58. 

••  Fly   Leaves,*'    167. 

Folkestone,  60. 

Foster,  Sir  M.,  174. 

Founder    of     Harvard    Univ., 

77- 

Founders  of  Colleges,  Bate 
man,  3 ;  Gonville,  3 
Alcock,  6;  Wodelarke,  5 
Fisher,  8;  Margaret,  8 
Audley,  15 ;  Caius,  29 
Mildmay,  35. 

Fox,  C.   J.,   119,   125. 

Francis,  Alban,  88,  91. 

Franciscans,  i. 

Freeschool  Lane,  3. 


French    Astronomers,    156. 
French  Revolution,   119. 
Frere,  J.   H.,   128. 
Frobisher,  41. 
Froude,  R.  PI.,  137,  155. 
Fuller,  T.,   72,  48,  54,  61,   69, 

78,  80. 
"  Giaour,   The,"   134. 
Galileo,  75,  96. 
Gardiner,  Stephen,   11,  14,  22, 

28,  30,  31,  32,  37. 
Gates  at  Caius  C.,  30. 
German   Literature,     120,   laS, 

136. 

Generals,  Fairfax,  76:  Crom- 
well, 71. 

Geneva  Arbitration,  140. 

Geologists,  Sedgv/ick,  151  : 
Middleton,  107. 

Geology,  Museum,   131. 

George  L,  95,  105. 

Gibbon,   108. 

Gidding,  Little,  64,  65,  70,  80, 
109.  «^ 

Gill,    Lieut.,    172. 

Gladstone   Cabinet,   168. 

Gladstone  Ministry,   164. 

Gladstone,    W.    E.,    141,    243, 

144,      146,      163,      164,      172, 

i73>   177- 
Glasgow,   157. 
Glasgow,  Professor  Nat.  Phil., 

157- 
Glasgow  University,   169,  171. 
Glasnevin    Cemetery,    17a. 
Glisson,  F.,  71. 
'•  Glossary,"   53. 
Glyn,   Dr.,   23. 
"  Go  lovely  Ross,"  72. 
Goethe,  52. 

Gog  Magog  Hills,  137. 
"  Golden   Butterfly,"   170. 
Golden  Grove,  78. 
Goodrich,   Th.,    16. 
Gonville,  Edmund,  3,  ag. 


200 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Goodwin,  H.,   150,   152. 

Gorhambury,   27. 

Gouda,  ig. 

Gough,  R.,   115. 

Grantchester,   134. 

Gravitatiou,  96. 

Gray,  Bp.,  148. 

Gray,   T.,   112,   iii,    114,    115. 

"  Great  Exemplar,"  78. 

Greek  Kymns,  152. 

Greek  Testament,    147,   160. 

Greek      Professor,      Glasgow, 

171. 
Greek  Pronunciation,  28,  29. 
Greek,    Study   of,    24,    28,   31, 

36. 
Greene,   R.,   50. 
Grenoble,  130. 
Gresham  College,  32. 
Greshara,  Sir  T.,  31. 
Grey,   I'^arl,    125. 
Grey,   Lady  Jane,    17,   23,   u^j 

33- 
Grindal,  E.,  32,  26,  21,  30,  39. 
Grote,  G.,  135,  139. 
Grotius,  75. 

Guild  of  Corp.  Chr.,  4. 
Guild  of  B.   Virgin,  4. 
Gunning,   P.,   79,   67,   84. 
Gunpowder  Plot,  43. 

Haddan,  53. 
Hall,  J.,  57,  56,  69. 
Hallam,    H.,    142,    143,    1^6. 
Halls,  Ridley,  22 ;  King's  2;^. 
Halls,    College   Dining — 

Emm.,  131. 

S.    Cath.,    119. 

S.    John's,    127,    172. 

Trinity,    155. 
Hamblin  Smith,  J.,  160. 
Hare,  J.  C,  135,  136,  142. 
Harmony  of  Gospels,  65. 
Harvard,  J.,  77. 
Harvard   University,   77. 


Harvey,  \V.,  bo,  71. 
Hawaraen  Church,    163. 
iidwkins,  41. 
Heberden,  W,,   126,   no. 
Hebrew    Scholars,    Lightfoot, 

72;    Bentley,   100;    Spen- 
cer, 91. 
Hefele,  177. 
Hellespont,    134. 
Hempstead,  61. 
Henry  VI.,   4. 
Henry  VH.,  6,  88. 
Henry  VIH.,  9,  10,  11,  13,  14, 

i6,  21,  30,  31. 
Henslow,  J.   S.,   138,   145. 
Herbert,    G.,    69,    56,   65,    78, 

80. 
Herrick,   R.,   71,  58. 
Herschel,  Sir  W.,  135. 
Herschel,   Sir  J.    F.   W.,    135, 

136,    156. 
"  Hesperides."    71. 
**  Hexapla,"  100. 
Hieroglyphics,  130. 
High  Steward  of  Camb.,  71. 
Hill,   R.,   117. 

"  Hind  and  Panther,"  93,  102. 
Historians,  Fuller,  73 ;  Baker, 

99  ;         Thirlwall,        137  ; 

Macaulay,      138 ;      Seeley, 

168  ;       Maitland,       175  ; 

Cr^ighton,     175;      Acton, 

176. 
**  Historic   Doubts."    114. 
History   Architecture,    Camb., 

141. 
'*  History       of       Athanasian 

Creed,"  107. 
"History       of       Church       of 

Christ,"  118. 
**  History   of   Crimean    War,'" 

146. 
"  History  of  England,''  139. 
*'  History  of  Greece,"  137. 
••  History  of  Holy  War,"  73- 


<20I 


CELEBRATED  CAMBRIDGE  MEN 


**  History  of  Papacy,"  175. 

'*  History  of  Reformation/* 
99. 

"  History  of  S.  John's  Col- 
lege," 99. 

••  History  of  Society  of  Anti- 
quaries,"  115. 

**  History  of   University,"  99, 

73- 
Hoadly,  B.,  103,  105,  108. 
Hobbes,   83. 
Hobson,  T.,  73. 
"  Hobson's   Choice,"   73. 
Holmes,   O.   W.,   77. 
"  Holy  Living  and  Dying,"  78. 
Home   Rule  for   Ireland,    164, 

Hooker  (botanist),    145. 
Hooker,  R.,  41,  54. 
Hooper,  Bp.,  28. 
Hope,  A.  J.  Beresford,  154. 
Hopkins,    the    pri/ate    tutor, 

1S7,   167. 
"  Horae  Paulinae,"  117. 
Horrocks,  J.,  83. 
Hort,  F.  J.  A.,  x6o,  143,   159. 

165. 
Horton,  75. 
Hospitals — 

Addenbrooke's,    161. 

Christ's,   23. 

S.    Bartholomew's,    161,   i», 
60. 

S.  Thomas',  23,  87. 
Hospital  of   S.  John,  i,  2,  8. 
Houghton,    Lord,    143,    147. 
House   of    Commons,    64,    885 
94,  106,  124,  139,  154,  154, 
171,   172. 
House  of  Lords,  54,  S7»  88. 
Howard,  Catherine,   14. 
Hucknall,  134. 
Huddersfield,   114. 
Hughes,  T.,   155. 
Hull,  85,   121. 
Humphry  Museum,  161. 


Humphry,   Sir  G.    M.,    161. 
Hursley,  152. 

"  Husbandry,  Points  of,"  37. 
Hutchinson,  J.,  86. 
Hydrodynamics,    (see    Stokes), 

153- 
Hydrogen   Gas,    115. 
Hymn,   Christmas,   109. 
Hymns,    English,    152. 
"  Hypatia,  '  155. 

•*  Idylls  of  the  King,"  146. 
"  Ignatian  Epistles,"  82. 
"  II  Penseroso,"  75. 
"  Importance  of  Holy  Trinity 

Asserted,"    107. 
'*  In  Memoriam,"  146. 
Incense,  48,  67. 
India,   129,   139. 
Inscriptions,    130. 
'*  Instauratio  Magna,"  47. 
"  Institutiones  Chronologicae," 

94 
Inquisition,    63. 
Investigators,       Harvey,       61  ; 

Darwin,  145. 
Ireland,  44.  5I5  5S»  68,  75,  153, 

164. 
"  Irenicum,"   92. 
Irish  Church,  163. 
Irish  Party,  173. 
Irish  Secretary,   169. 
Irving,   Edw.,    142. 


"J.K.S.,"   174. 

James  L,  7,  42,  47,  54,  56,  62. 
James  XL,  86,  88,  90,  91,  96. 
•*  Jealous  Lovers,"  74. 
Jebb,  Sir  R.  C,  171,  138. 
Jegon,   50. 
Jerusalem,   171. 
Jerusalem   Chamber,  97. 
Jewish  Rites,  91. 
Johnson,  Sam.,  90,   108,   no. 
Jones,  Inigo,   58. 


302 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Jon  son,  B.,  58,  44,  52,  56,  71, 

74,  95- 
Josephus,  102, 
Jubilee,  154,  145,  158. 
Judges,   Cockburn,    140;   And- 

ley,   15;  Coke,  43. 
Julian  Calendar,  36. 
Juvenal,   93 
Juxon,  78. 

Kant,   129. 

Keate,    146. 

Keats,   129. 

Keble,  J.,  127,  137,  152. 

Kelly,  36. 

Kelvin,   Lord,    157. 

Kemble,  J.  M.,  143. 

Kent,   60.    145. 

Kepler,  83. 

Khajyam,    O.,    143. 

King,  Mr.  Edward,  75. 

"  Kingdom  of  Christ,"  141. 

Kinglake,  A.   W.,   146,   147. 

Kings — 

Charles  I.,    59,    63,    65,   68, 
69,  7o>  72>  78,  86,  87. 

Charles  II.,  76,  85,  89. 

Edw.  II.,  3. 

Edw.  III.,  3. 

Edw.  VI.,  10,   12,  28,  29,  30, 

32,  35.  36. 
Edward  VII.,   131,   i6i. 
George  I.,  95,   105. 
Henry  VI.,  4. 
Henry  VII.,  6,  88. 
Herry  VIII.,  9,   10,   ir,   13, 

i4>   16,  21,  30,  31. 
James  I.,  7,  42,  47,  54,  56, 

62. 
James  II.,    86,    88,    90,    91, 

96. 
William  III.,  86,  90. 
Kings  Cliffe,   109. 
King's  College,   London,   141. 
Kingsley,    C,    155,     141,    144, 

146. 


Kirke,    White,    H.,    133,    124, 
129. 

"  L»  Allegro."  75. 

L.  C.  J.  King's  Bench,  Pem- 

berton,  88. 
*'  Lady  of  Lyons,"  140. 
Lamb,  Charles,  90,  127,  128. 
Lambeth,   Chapel,   26. 
Lambeth  Conference,  144. 
Lambeth  Palace,  11,  86 
Lambeth,   Register,  25. 
Lancaster,   136. 
Landbeach,  24. 
"  Lapsus  Calami." 
*'  Last     Days    of     Pompeii,'* 

140. 
Latham,  H.,  158,  164. 
Latimer,    Hugh,     17,     13,    20, 

23>  24,  31,  37. 
Latin  Hymns,   152. 
Latin  Verse,  152. 
Latitudinarian       Views,      104,. 

107. 
Laud,  48,   53,   54,  57,  60,  61  „ 

62,  64,  67,  69,  71. 
Laureateship,  96 
Law,  Edmund,  117. 
Law,   W.,    108,   104,   105,   log,. 

129. 
Lawyers — 

Lyndewode,    4  ;      Rede,    7 ; 

Goodrich,  16;  Audley,  15? 

Coke,     43;       Smith,     29;. 

Lockwood,  172 ;  CoclvburCv 

140;   Camden,   no;  Pem- 

berton,  88;  Maine,  156. 
"  Lays    of     Ancient    Rome,**^ 

138,  139- 
Learning,  New,  17,  22,  28. 
Lee,  James  Prince,   159,   i6i^ 
Lee,  W.,  50. 
Leibnitz,  79. 
Leighton,   69. 
Lelaid,  John,  21. 


203 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


■'  Letters,  Chesterfield,''  40. 

Leverrier,    156. 

Liberal  Party,  164,  169. 

Liberal  Unionist,   164. 

*'  Liberty  of  Prophesying.  ' 

Librarian,   University,  105. 

Libraries — 

Peterhouse,  33. 
Corpus,  25.  26. 
University,   6,   99,    113,    105^ 

166,    177. 
Accon,    177. 
S.    John's,    62,    i;?7. 
Trinity,  75,  134. 
Magd.,  94. 
Liddon,   Canon,    138. 
"  Life  of  Christ,"   166. 
•♦  Life  of  Cicero,  '  108. 
♦•  Life  of  Elizabeth,"  175. 
"  Life  of  H.  Fawceit,-'  165. 
"  Life  of   L.    Steohen,''   174. 
"  Life  of  S.  Paul."  166. 
Light,    96,   130. 
Lightfoot,  John,   72,   73. 
Lightfoot,  J.  B.,  161,  iS9j  ^7^' 
Linacre,   16,  19. 
Lincoln,  162. 
Lincoln*s  Inn,  56. 
Lincoln  **  Trial,"  163. 
Linguists,  Neale,  152  j  Palmer j 

171. 
Literary   Men — 

Pember,  24  ;     Erasmus,   19 ; 

Ascham,    30;    Croke,    16; 

Cheke,      28;     Smith,     29; 

Jonson,    58;     Fuller,    73? 

Temple,   qo;     Milton,   74; 

Taylor,    78;     Barrow,   SS; 

Pepys,    93;     Dryden,    92; 

Whiston,     102 ;     Sherlock, 

105  ;      Waterland,      107  ; 

Chesterfield,    no;    Sterne, 

III;     H.     Walpole,     114; 

Parr,    118;    Porson.     122; 

Frere,       128 ;       Coleridge, 

128;     Hare,     135;     Rose. 


137  ;  Thirlwall,  137  : 
Macaulay,  138 ;  Maurice, 
141  ;  Sterling,  142 ;  Fitz- 
gerald, 142  ;  Houghton, 
143;  Kinglake,  146;  Sp-d- 
ding,  144  ;  Thackeray, 
147;  Neale,  150;  Ellis, 
153  J  Kingsley,  155;  Step- 
heii,  164  ;  Bradshaw,  165  ; 
Lytton,  140;  Besant,  170; 
Farrar,  166. 

Littledale,    Dr.,    152. 

Little  Gidding,  64,  65,  70,  ho. 
icy. 

Livingstonf,    15b. 

Locke,  92,  97,  1 01. 

Lockwood,  Sir  F.,   172. 

London  Churches — 
All  Saints',  Margaret  Strest, 

S.    Andrew's,    Wells   Street, 

154. 
S.  Bride's,  Fleet  Street,  71, 

72. 
S.  Giles*,  Cripplegats,  75 
S.  Giles'  in  Fields,  85. 
S.  Helen's,  Bishopsgate,  31. 
S.  Olave's,  Hart  Street,  1,4. 
London,    City  of,   51,    58,   ^^3, 
79,   81,    88,    91,    no,    122, 
123,    130,    141,    151,    162, 
170. 
London,  Tower  of,  47,  51,  £7. 

62,  63,  71,  85,  86,  105. 
Longfellow,  77. 
Lord       Almoner's,       Reader 

Arabic,  171. 
Lord  Chancellors,    Bacon,  46; 

Camden,  no. 
Lord   Chief  Justice,   Commca 

Pleas,  Rede,  7. 
Lord  Tree  surer,  54. 
Lord  Keeper,   27,  62. 
Lords    Commissioners,   91. 
Lowell,  77. 


204 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Luard,  H.  R.,   i6o,  165. 
Lutheranism,  25. 
*'  Lycidas,"  75. 
Lyell,  Sir  C,  145. 
Lyndewode,  Will,  4. 
"  Lyrical  Ballads,"  128. 
Lyttelton,  Lord,  no,  149. 
Lj-tton,  Lord,  140. 

Macaulay,  Lord,   138,   15,   130. 

'*  Mac  Flecknoe,"   96. 

Mackenzie,  C.  F.,  15c,  158. 

Madrid,  63. 

Magic  Glass,  36. 

*'  Maids    Tragedy,"   60. 

Maine,    Sir    H.    S.,    156,    143, 

158,   177. 

Maitland,  F.  W.,  173. 

Malthus,  T.   R.,   126. 

Manuscripts,  75,  in,  165, 
21,   26,  37. 

Margaret,  Countess  of  Rich- 
mend,  8,  i6. 

Margaret,  Professor,  8,  ao, 
24>  39>  40j  41.  575  60,  72, 
80,  81,  120,  162. 

Marlowe,  C,  52,  55. 

Marprelate,    Martin,    40,    53, 

55- 
Marsh,  H.,   120,   118. 
Martin,  Dr.,  63. 
Martin  Marprelate,  40,  53,  55. 
Martyn,   H.,    129,   124. 
Martvr,  Peter,   12,  22,  32,  33, 

38. 
Martyrs — 

Cranmer,    13  ;   Latimer,   17 ; 
Ridley,      22;      Bilney,      19; 
Rogers,  27 ;  Bradford,  37. 
Marvel],  A.,  85. 
Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  38. 
Mary,   Queen,    10,    11,    12,    13, 
14,   17,   18,  21,  28,  2Q,  50, 

31.  32,  33»  35>  36,  37- 
Mary  II.,  95. 
Massachusetts,   77. 


Massinger,   60. 
Mason,   W.,    114,    113. 
Mathematicians,       36 ;       Hor- 

rocks,     83;     Wallis,     83; 

Seth  Ward,   84;     Barrow, 

89  ;  Pxewton,  96  ;  Whistou, 

102;     Cotes,     106;     Her- 

schel     135;      Airy,      140; 

Challis,    140,   Willis,    141 ; 

Ellis     153;     Cayley,    155, 

Kelvin,   157;  Stokes,  153; 

Adams,     156  ;      Maxwell, 

166 ;  Routh,  167. 
Matthew's    Bible,    27,    28. 
Maurice,   F.   D.,   141,   108,  129, 

139,     140,     142,     142,     143, 

146,  148,  155,  160. 
"  Maud,"   146. 

Maxwell,   Clerk,   J.,    166,    i6o. 
"  May  Queen,"  170. 
Medallist,    Chancellor's,    149, 

161,   162. 
Medical  School,  161. 
Melville,  H.,  138. 
Members  of  Pari.,  71,  85,  97, 

102,    105,    114,    121,    140, 

139,  i68,  172,  175. 
Members'  Prize,  125,  151,  167. 
"  Ivlemoirs,"  87. 
"  Memoirs  of  George  II.   and 

George  III.,"   114. 
Memorial,    Donne,   55;     Wal- 

misley,   150. 
Mendelssohn,  170. 
Merivale,   143. 
Merton  College,  175. 
•'  Methods  of  Ethics  " 
Middleton,  C,  107,  ixo,  113. 
Mildmay,   Sir  W.,  35,  42. 
Mill,  J.  S.,  138,  155,  169. 
Milner,  I.,  118,  120,  121,  laa. 
Milner,  Joseph,   118. 
Milnes,  R.  M.,  143,  147. 
^Milton,  74,  20,  44,  48,  69,  76, 

77,  78,   79,  80,  81,  85. 
Milton   (village),  iii. 


205 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Minster,  Beverley,  6. 
"  Miracles,"  142. 
Missionaries,     124,     123,     144, 

158. 
Mitre,  Wren's,  62. 
Mohammedans,   130. 
Monckton-Milnes,  R.,  143,  147. 
'*  Monks  of  Thelema,*^  170. 
Montagu,    R.,    61,    56,    57,     ••*. 
Monuments,  97,  55,   133,   138, 

146. 
More,   11. ,   81,   76,   80,  83. 
More,   Sir  Thomas,   7,  g,   ic. 
Morgan,  W.,  43. 
Moriey,  John,  177. 
Morton,    T.,  54,  25,  57. 
Motley,  77. 

Motto,  42,  76,  no,  176. 
Moule,  Bishop,   124. 
Moultrie,  G.,  139. 
MulbeiTy  Tree,  Milton's,  75. 
**  Musaeus,"  115. 
"  Muses*  Looking  GUss,"  74, 
Museum  of  Geology,  131. 
Museum,   British,   3;,   65,  (fy, 

III. 
Musicians,     Walmisle.y,     150  j 

Sterndale  Bennett,   170. 
**  Mysterious  Mother,"  ti-j. 
Mysticism,  108. 
Mystics,  More,  81 ;  Law',  loS  j 

Fitzgerald,   142. 

■"  Nag's  Head  Fable,"  25. 
Nag's  Head  Inn,  25. 
Napoleon,  120. 
Nash,   T.,   55,   50. 
National  Society,  121. 
Natural  Religion,   107. 
*•  Natural  Theolog5%"  117. 
Naturalists,       Darwin,       144 ; 

Willughby,  95. 
Neale,  J.  M.,  150. 
Nebulae,  135. 
Nelson,  120. 
Neptune,  Planet,  156. 


Nevile's  Court,  42. 
Nevile,  T.,  42,  43,  69. 
Newcastle  Town,  22. 
••  Newcomes,  The,"  148. 
New  England,  77. 
Newman,  Cardinal,  129,  137. 
Newnham  College,  169. 
Nev/ton,    I.,    96,    84,    89,    94, 
loi,    102,    103,    ic6,    123. 

135.  157- 

'•  Noble  Numbers,"  71. 

Nonjurors,  86,  98,  99,  108. 

North  Country,  159,  160. 

Northumberland,  Duke  of,  j?, 
14. 

Norwich,    Town  of,    19,    57. 

Nottingham,  86,  133. 

Novelists — 
Lj'tton,      140;      Thackeray, 
147;  Kingsley,  155;  Besant, 
170. 

"  Novum  Organum,"  47. 

Nunnery  of    S.  Rhadegund,  ?. 

O'Connell,  Daniel,  173. 

Observatory,  Cambridge,  140,. 
140. 

"  Ode  on  ^thelstan's  Vic- 
tory,"  128. 

"  Ode  on  distant  prospect  of 
Eton  College,"  113. 

"  Ode  on  the  Nativity,"  75. 

*•  Old  Age,"  72. 

Omar  Khayyam,   143. 

Optics,  96,   125,  153. 

Orator,  Public,  16,  24,  28,  29, 
30,  69,  143,  171. 

Order  of  Merit,   171. 

Orford,  Earl  of,   106,    114. 

"  Organum,  Novum,"  47. 

"  Origin  of  Species,"  145. 

**  Origines  Sacrse,"  92. 

Osterley,  32. 

Oughtred,  84,  88. 

Overall,  J.,  50,  49,  67. 

Oxford,  All  S's  Colkge,  78. 


206 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Oxford,  Bodleian,  22. 
Oxford,   Merton   College,  2, 

175- 
Oxford,  S.  Mary's,  84. 
Oxford,  Town  of,  18,  23,  31. 
Oxford,   Trinity   College,  84. 
Oxford,   University  of,   19,  >8, 

35.  38,  5<3,  59>  84,  150,  167. 

Paget,  Sir  G.,  160,  161. 

Palace,   Episcopal,   at  Ely,  6. 

Paley,  F.  H.,  152. 

Paley,  W.,  115. 

Palmer,  E.  H,,  171. 

Palmer,  W.,   137  (Tractaiiaii), 

PaliTierston,   Lord,   131. 

Papal  Power,  9,  57,  86. 

Papal  Supremacy,  11. 

Papists,  40,  6-],  96. 

"  Parables,"  142. 

'*  Paradise  Lost,"  75. 

Paris,  City  of,   130. 

Palis,   University  of,   ig,  ic. 

Parliamentary  Forces,  76. 

Parliamentary  Party,  86. 

Parnell  Commission,   173. 

Parnell,  C.  S.,  173. 

Parr,  S.,  118. 

Parker,    Matthew,    24,    11,    25, 

26,  27,  30,  38. 
**  Pastor  Pastorum,"    158. 
Patriarch  of  Jerusalem,  4. 
"  Paul  Clifford,"   140. 
Peachell,  J.,  90. 
Peacock,  Dean,   135,   136,   156. 
Pearson,  J.,  81,  63. 
"  Pelham,"  140. 
Pember,   Rob.,   24. 
Pemberton,  Sir  F.,  88. 
Penry,  John,  40,  52. 
Pepys,  S.,  93,  83,  73,  92. 
Perne,  A.,  35. 
Perse,  S.,  42. 
Perse  School,  42,  78. 
Persia,  129. 
Persian  Poet,  143. 


Petty  Cury.  28. 

Phillips  Brooks,  77. 

Philo  so  pher  s — 

Bacon,  46;  Temple,  49; 
Whichcote,  76 ;  Whewell, 
136 ;  More,  81  ;  Cud  worth, 
82 ;  Culverwell,  84 ;  Smith, 
87;  Barrow,  89;  Sidgwick, 
169;  Whewell,  136;  Mal- 
tlius,  126  ;  Newton,  96  ; 
Clarke,  103  ;  Maurice,  141 ; 
Sidgwick,    169. 

Phoenix  Park,  169. 

Physicians  (see  Doctors). 

Physicians,  R.   College  of,  29, 
71,  87. 

'•  Physiology,"  Text  Book  of» 

175- 
Pigott   Episode,    173. 
"  Pilgrim's  Progress,"   108. 
"  Pindaric  Odes,"  113. 
"  Pindarique  Odes,"  87. 
**  Fisgah  Sight  of  Palestine," 

73- 
Pitt,    Earl   of    Chatham,    iic, 

119,   131. 
Pitt,  Ministry,  no. 
Pitt,  W.,  119,  121,  125,  131. 
Plague,  88. 
Planet,  Uranus,  156;  Neptune, 

156. 
Plate,    College,    26,    63,  70. 
Platinum,  125. 

Platonists,     91  ;     Whichcoie,^ 

76 ;  More,  81 ;  Cudworth, 

82  ;       Culverwell,       84  5 

Smith,    87. 

"  Playground      of      Europe," 

165. 
Play  Writers- 
Greene,    50 ;    Marlowe,    52 ; 
Nash,     55 ;     Randolph,     74 : 
Miltou,     75 ;     Dryden,     ga ; 
Shadwell,  95 ;  Lytton,   140 ; 
Tennyson,  146. 
'*  Plurality  of  Worlds,"  136. 


307 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Poem,  English,  124,  136. 

Poets— 

Tusser,  3;;  Spenser,  43; 
Greene,  50 ;  Constab>t, 
50 ;  Marlowe,  52 ;  Jonscii, 
58;  Fletcher,  59,  60;  Her- 
rick,  71  ;  Waller,  72; 
Randolph,  74  ;  Milton, 
74  ;  Crashaw,  80 ;  Marvell, 
85 ;  Cowley,  87  ;  Dryden, 
92 ;  Prior,  102 ;  Byrom, 
109;  Gray,  112;  Mason, 
114;  Wordsworth,  ii6; 
Coleridge,  128  ;  Kirke 
White,  133;  Byron,  134; 
Tennyson,  146 ;  Neale, 
150  ;  Calverley,  167  ; 
Donne,  56 ;  Herbert,  69  ; 
Frere,  128;  Sterling,  142; 
Houghton,    143. 

Pole,  Cardinal,  12,  30,  35. 

"  Polonius,"  143. 

Ponet,  J.,  30. 

Pope  (poet),  80,  97. 

Popes,    3,    49,    89. 

Person,  R.,  122,  132. 

Postmaster  General,   168, 
*  Praise  of  Folly,'*  20. 

Pratt,   C,   Earl  Camden,  110. 

Prayer,  Book  of  Common,  17^ 
22,  38. 

Preachers — 
Andrewes,  48  ;  F'jller 
73  ;  Stillingfleet,  9?  • 
Tillotson,  91  ;  Beveridge, 
95;  Marsh,  120;  Vaughan, 
149  ;  Farrar,  166  ;  I.atimer, 
17;  Barrow,  88;  Taylor, 
78  ;  Donne,  56 ;  Maurice, 
141  ;   Melvillj  138. 

Preachers,    of    University,    17, 
41. 

Presbyterianism,    57. 

Presbyterians,  78. 

President,    Royal    Collegs    of 
Physicians,  29. 


Prime      Ministers,       vValpoie. 
105;  Pitt,  119;  Grey,  125; 
Palmerston,    131  :    Camp- 
bell Bannerman,   169. 
Primitive   Church,   82. 
Prince  Bishops,   159. 
Prince  Lee,  J.,  161. 
"  Principia,"  97,  106. 
Prior,   M.,    102,  99. 
"  Private  Devotions,"  Cosin's, 

68. 
"  Private     Thoughts     on     Re- 
ligion,"   04. 
T^'ivate       Tutors,       Hamblin 
Smith,    >6o;     Routh,    167; 
Hopkins,  157. 
Prize,  Seatonian.  152. 
Prizeman,  Member's,   125,   151, 

167. 
Prizeman,    Smith's,    148,    153, 

157,  167. 
Proctors,  8,  17,  32,  33,  42,  62. 
Professors — 
Botan}',    Henslow,   138. 
Civil  Law,  156;  Maine,  156; 

Smith,   29. 
Dixie    Eccl.     History,     175, 

Creighton. 
Downing,  Laws  of  Engl2.r.d, 

Maitland,  173. 
Experimental  Ph5'sics,  Clerk 

Maxwell,    166. 
Hebrew,   Cudworth,  82. 
History    and    Modern    Lan- 
guages,  Gray,    113. 
Hulsean,    Lightfoot,    162. 
Jacksonian       Nat.        Philo- 
sophy,       Milner,        118  ; 
Willis  141. 
Knightsbridge      Philosophy, 
Whewell,     136;     Maur):e, 
141 ;  Sidgwick,   169. 
Lowndean     Astronomy, 

Adams  156. 
Lucasian  Mathematics,  Bar- 
row, 89;  Newton,  89,  97; 


208 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Stokes,      153  ;      Whiston, 
102;    Milner,     118;    Airy, 

139- 
Margaret,      Cartwright,     39 ; 

Whitgift,    40 ;    Chaderton, 

41  ;   Ward,    57 ;    Davenant, 

60,       72 ;       Gunning,      80 ; 

Pearson,   81  ;    Marsh,    120 ; 

Lightfoot,    162. 
Mineralogy,      Clarke,      126; 

Whewell,    136 ;    Henslow, 

138. 
Modern    History,    Kingsley, 

155;    Seeley,  169;    Acton, 

169. 
Music,      Walmisley,       150  ; 

Sterndale  Bennett,    170. 
Oxford    Savilian,    Geometry, 

Astronomy,  84. 
Physic,    72;    Glisson,    71. 
Physiology,   Foster,    175. 
Pluraian  Astronomy,   Cotes, 

106 ;    Airy,    140 ;    Challis, 

140. 
Political      Economy,       168, 

Fawcett. 
Regius    Div.,    38;    Whitgift, 

40 ;   Chaderton,  41  ;  Whit- 

aker,     42;     Overall,      50; 

Gunning,      80 ;     Westcott, 

159- 
Regius  Greek,  Erasmus,  20; 

Cheke,    28  ;    Smith,    29  ; 

Barrow,    89;    Jebb,     171; 

Person,   122. 
Sadlerian  Mathematics,  Cay- 
ley,   155- 
Surgery,  Humphry,   161. 
Whewell  International  Law, 

Maine,    156. 
Woodwardian  Geology,  Mid- 

dleton,     ic8  ;      Sedgwick, 

Prose  Writers — 

Erasmus,    19;    Ascham,    30; 
Bacon,     46;     Fuller,     73-, 


Herbert,  70  ;  Taylor,  7S  ; 
Marvell,  85 ;  Spedding, 
144  ;  Thirlwall,  137  ; 
Macaulay,  138 ;  Lytton, 
140 ;  Smith,  87 ;  Sterling, 
142;  Tillotson,  91;  King- 
lake,  146  ;  Thackeray,  147  ; 
Neale,  150;  Kingsley,  155; 
Pepys,  93;  Sterne,  in. 

Protestant  Views,  20,  21,  25, 
26,  32,  79. 

Public  Orator,  16,  24,  28,  29> 
30,  69,  143,  171. 

Pugin,  152. 

Puritanism,  26,  36,  39,  41,  57, 
62,    71. 

Puritans,  26,  33,  39,  40,  42,  48, 
49>  52,  S4j  69;  Mildmay, 
36  ;  Cartwright,  39  ;  Chad- 
erton, 42  ;  Whitaker,  42  j 
Ward,  57  ;    Hutchinson,  86. 

Puritan  Teaching,  42,  48,    tf^. 

75- 
Pusey,  Dr.,  137. 

"Quatrains,"       Omar       Khay- 
yam,    143. 
"  Queen  Mary,"  146. 
Queens — 

Anne,  95,  101,  108. 

Anne  Boleyn,  13. 

Anne  of  Cleves,  14. 

Catherine    of    Arragon,    13, 
14,  17. 

Catherine  Howard,  14. 

Elizabeth  (see  Elizabeth). 

Elizabeth  Wydeville,  5. 

Jane  Seymour,  13. 

Mary  (see  Mary). 

Mary  IL,  95. 

Rainbow,  154. 
Raleigh,  41,  43. 

Ramists,  49,  54,  54,  78. 
Randolph,  T.,  74. 
Ranke,  177. 


209 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Ray,  J.,  90,  76,  95. 

"  Ready     Money     Mortiboy," 

170. 
Rede,  Sir  R.,  7 
Rede,  Lecturers,  7,  11. 
Redman,   John,  24,  30,  31. 
Reform  Bill,   125. 
Refo  rmers — 

Alcock,     6  ;       Fisher,     8  ; 

Tunstall,   10;   Gardiner,   11; 

Cranmer,     13;     Croke,     if; 

Goodrich,   16;  Latimer,  17; 

Bilney,    19;     Erasmus,    19; 

Coverdale,    21-    Ridley,   2a; 

Cartwright,  59;  Parker,  24; 

Redman,    24;    Rogers,    27; 

Grindal,     32;      Bucer,     38; 

Bradford,  37. 
Reformation,    20,    22,    25,    iH, 

3i,  49,  66,  79,  163. 
Religious  Life,  64. 
Religious  Tract  Society,  118. 
Restoration,  Church,  151. 
Revised  Version,  147,  160. 
Rhodes,  Cecil,  31,  35. 
••  Rhyme    of    Anc.    Mariner," 

129. 
Rice,  J.,  170. 
Richelieu,   140. 
"  Rickets,"  71. 
Ridley  Hall,  22. 
Ridley,    Nich,   22,    iS,    30,    31, 

33.  37.  40- 
"  Rienzi,"  140- 
"  Rigid  Dynamics,"  167. 
"•  Risen  Master,"  158. 
Rogers,   J.,  27,   23,   31. 
Roman   Catholics,   30,   31,   34, 

48,  49,  56,  96,   176. 
Roman  Church,  80,  86,  93. 
Romany,    171. 
Roosevelt,  77. 
Rose,  H.  J.,   137,   136- 
Rosetta  Stone,  130. 
Rotherham,  Thomas,  5,  6,  7. 


Rotherham,  Tov/n  of,  6. 

Rotterdam,  39. 

Routh,   K.   J.,   167. 

Royal  Academy,  154. 

Royal   Exchange,   32. 

Royal    Society,    84,    97,     115, 

154,    156,    175. 
Royalist    Sympathies,    62,    63, 

68,  70,  72,  80,  87. 
Russia,   132. 
Rutlandshire,  45. 

S.  Albans,  47. 

S.  Albans,  Viscount,  47. 

S.  Augustine  of  Canterbury. 
163. 

S.  Augustine's  College,  Can- 
terbury, 154. 

S.     Andrew's,     Wells     Street, 

S.  Benedict's  Order,  2. 

S.  Benet's  Church,  r. 

S.   Giles'   Church,   i. 

S.    Helen's    Church,    Bishops- 
gate,  32. 

S.  Michael's  Church,  S. 
Albans,  47. 

S.  Rhadegund's  Nunnery,  1. 

S.  Stephen,  Chapel  of,  West- 
minster,  5. 

S.  John,  Chapel  of,  16. 

Sackville  College,  151. 

Sacrament,   Blessed,  63,  6.^. 

Saffron  Walden,    16,  29,  61. 

Salisbury,  Earl  of,  46,  53. 

Salisbury,  Lord,    164. 

Sancroft^  W.,  85,   26,  67,    102. 

Sandys,  E.,  33,  26. 

'*  Satires,"  58. 

Savoy  Chapel,  73. 

Schools — 
Beverley,    68. 
Bury  S.  Edmunds,  85. 
Charterhouse,    80,    88,    135. 

137.   147.   170- 
Christ's  Hospital,  128,  156. 


210 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEiN. 


Eton  College,  5,  49,  61,  s?, 
72,  81,  105,  110,  III,  112, 
114,  117,  122,  123,  128, 
132,  135,  144,  146,  164, 
165,  173,  174- 
Felsted,  83,  88. 
Harrow,    131,   134,    142,    143, 

148,  149,  154,  167,  174. 
Huntingdon,  71. 
King     Edward's,      Birming- 
ham, 159. 
King's    School,    Canterbury, 

52,  60,  79,  120. 
Lancaster,  Blue  Coat,  136. 
Merchant  Taylors,  44,  4^^. 
Marlborough,  166. 
Rugby,  160,  i6q. 
S.  Alban's,  88. 
St.    Paul's,    21,    74,    93.   98, 

106. 
Shrewsbury,    117. 
Universit}'-  College,  167 
Westminster,  58,  63,  6z,,  71, 
92,  102. 
Scholaiship,  Craven,  139,  lOy, 

171. 
Scholarship,  Porson,  xji. 
Scholarship,  Whewell,  174. 
"  Scholemaster,  The,"  30. 
Schumann,   170. 
Scientists — 

Dee,  36 ;  Horrocks,  8^  ;  Ray, 
90 ;  Bacon,  46 ;  W'll- 
lughby,  95  ;  Nev  ton,  q6  ; 
Cavendish,  115;  Young, 
130 :  Darwin,  144 ;  Kel- 
vin, 157;  Foster,  174; 
Wollaston,  125 ;  Stokes, 
153;  Harvey,  61;  Clerk 
Maxwell,  166 ;  Barrow, 
89. 
Scientific    Subjects,    150,    153, 

Scots,  Mary,   Queea  of,  38, 
Scott,  Sir  W.,  37,  127,  128,  129. 


'   Scripture    Doctriae    of    tbc 

Trinity,"    103. 
Seatonian  Prize,  152. 
Secretary  of  Admiralty,  94. 
Secretary  of  State,  29,  54,  140. 
Secretary  for  War,   ibg. 
Sedgwick,    A.,    131,    135,    160, 

138 

Seeley,  Sir  J.  R.,   168,   167. 

•*  Select  Discourses,*'  87. 

Selwyn,  G.  A.,  144. 

Senior  Wrangler,  136,  157; 
158,  167;  Paley,  1165 
iViartyn,  129 ;  Herschei, 
135;  Airy,  139;  Ellis, 
153;  Stokes,  153;  Cay  ley, 
155;  Adams,  156;  Thom- 
son,  I  S3;  Routh,  167. 

•'  Sentimental  Journey,'*  112. 

''Sepulchral  Monuments,"  115. 
'  Serious  Call,"  108 

Sermons,  48,  73,  89,  104,  xia, 
117,  120,  136,  149,  150,  160. 

Seven  Bishops,  85,  S8. 

Seymour,  Jane,  13. 

Shadwell,  T.,  95. 

Shaftesbury,   Lord,   131. 

Shakespeare,  41,  44,  50,  52, 
58,  59,  71,  73,  79. 

Shelford,  138. 

Shelley,  129,  134. 

•*  Shepheards   Calender,"  4^. 

Sherlock,  T.,  105,  103,  104, 
107. 

Sheykhs,   172. 

Shorthand  Writing,  109. 

Sidgwick,  H.,  169,  171. 

Sidney,  Sir  Philip,  49,  50. 

Simeon,  C,  123,  120,  129,  132, 

Sinai,  171. 

Sisterhood,      East     Grinstead, 

152. 
Six  Articles,   10,    11,    14,   iS 
"  Slavery,"    124. 
Slave  Trade,  121,  124. 


211 


CELEBRATED    CAMBRIDGE    MEN. 


Sloane,  Hans,  94. 

Smith,    Sir    Thomas,    29,    12, 

28,  30. 
Smith,  J.,  87,  76,  84. 
Smith,  J.   (Baptist),  45. 
Smith,  J.,  Hamblin,  160. 
Smithfield,  28,  35. 
Smithfield,   S.   Bartholomew*8, 

36. 
Social  Community,  128. 
Socialism,   Christian,    141. 
Society,    Propagation    of    the 

Gospel,  95. 
Soham,  22. 
Solemn  League  and  Covenant, 

80,   84. 
Solicitors  General,     Coke,   43; 

Bacon,      46  ;      Lock  wood, 

172. 
'*  Sophocles,"  171. 
South  Sea  Scheme,  105. 
Southey,    37,     108,     127,     128, 

133- 
Southwark,  77. 
Speaker  of  H.  of  C. — 

Audley,  15. 
Spedding,  J.,   144,   142,   153. 
Spelman,  Sir  H.,  53. 
Spencer,  J.,  91. 
Spenser,  E.,  43,  87. 
Spohr,  170. 

Stained  Windows,  153, 
Stanhope,  Earl  of  Chesterfield. 

no. 
Stanley,  Dean,  83,  141,  155. 
Stanton,   Hervey  de,   2. 
State,  43,  51,  53. 
State,  Secretary  of,  54. 
Statesmen — 

Rotherham,    5;   Audley,    15; 

Wyatt,  21  ;  N.  Bacon,  27; 

Gresham,    31  ;     Burghley, 

34  ;      Walsingham,      38  ; 

Bacon,     46 ;      Essex,     51 ; 

Salisbury,   53;   Boyle,   55; 

Williams,    62 ;     Strafford, 


68 


Cromwell, 


Temple,  90  ;  Walpole, 
105;  Pitt,  119;  Wilber- 
force,  121;  Grey,  125; 
Palmerston,  131  ;  Devon- 
shire, 164:  Fawcett,  168; 
Campbell-Bannerman,  169; 
Parnell,  173;  Bacon,  27; 
Hutchinson,    86. 

Statues,  123,  132,  134,  138, 
146,  176,  137. 

Stephen,  j.  K.,  174. 

Stephen,  Sir  Leslie,  164. 

Sterling,  J.,   142,   135,  143. 

Sterndale  Bennett,  Sir  W., 
170. 

Sterne,  L.,  in. 

Sterne,   R.,   70,   63,   69. 

Stillingfleet,  E.,  92,  100. 

Stoke  Poges,  113. 

Stokes,  Sir  G.  G.,  153,  97,  157, 
I  bo. 

••  Stories  for  Young,"   152. 

Stow,  22. 

Strafford,  Earl  of,  68. 

Strawberry  Hill,  114. 

Strype,  J.,  98,  99. 

Stubbs,  Bishop,  53,  101. 

"  Study  of  Words,"    142. 

Suez  Canal.  172. 

Sunday  School,  118. 

"Supernatural  Religion,"    16^. 

Surrey  Chapel,  117. 

Sweating  Sickness,  30. 

Swift,  90. 

Synod  of  Dort,  57. 

Tait,  Archbishop,  160. 
Tariff  Reform  Movement,  164. 
Taverner,  R.,  28. 
Taylor,  J.,  78,  76,  80,  81. 
Temple,  Lord  Palmerston,  131. 
Temple,  Master  of,  UQ- 
"  Temple,  The,"  65,   70. 
Temple,  Sir  W.  (Emm.),  gc. 


212 


CELEBRATED    'CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


Temple,    Sir   W.    (King's),   49. 

Tenison,  T.,  95,   102. 

Tennyson,  A.,  Lord,  146,   127, 
142,   142,   143,   147.   M7- 

Thackeray,    W.    M.,    147,   142, 
146. 

Theologians — 

Tunstall,  10;  Gardiner,  11; 
Cranmer,  13  ;  Erasmus, 
19  ;  Ridley,  23  ;  Parker,  25  ; 
Andrews,  48;  Donne,  56; 
Montague,  61;  Cosin,  66; 
Taylor,  78;  Gunning,  79; 
Pearson,  82  ;  Barrow,  88  ; 
Tillotson,  91  ;  Stillingfleet, 
92  ;  Beveridge,  94 ;  Bentley, 
100  ;  Sherlock,  105  ;  Water- 
land,  107  ;  Law,  108  ;  Paley, 
115;  Milner,  118;  Marsh, 
120;  Simeon,  123;  Maurice, 
141  ;  Trench,  142;  Words- 
worth, 143  ;  Vaughan,  149  ; 
Westcott,  159;  Lightfoot, 
161 ;  Benson,  162  ;  Farrar, 
166. 

Thirlwall,  C,  137,  143,  135. 

"  This  Son  of  Vulcan/'  170. 

Thomson,  W.,  Lord  Kelvin, 
157.  167. 

Thompson,  W.  H.,  142,  143, 
147,  ISO,  161. 

Thorwaldsen,  134. 

♦•  Three  Letters,*'  108. 

Throne,  5,  3,  10,  12,  28,  6,  8,  9, 

",  i3j  M>  7»  4ij  43»  5^  53j 
101,  108,  139,  34,  42,  47, 
54,  56,  62,  59,  63,  65,  68. 
69,  70,  72,  78,  86,  87,  85, 
89,  88,  90,  91,  96,  95,  105, 
131,   161. 

Tichborne   Case,    140. 

Tillotson,  91,   76,   86,    102.    • 

Tower,  Church  of   S.  Peter,  9. 

Tower  of  London,  g,  10,  28, 
33.  47,  51,  57,  62,  63,  71, 
85,   86,   105. 

*•  Toxophilus,"    II,   30. 


Tractarians,  137,  150. 

Tracts,  53. 

Trafalgar,  120. 

Transit  of  Venus,  83. 

Travellers,  Clarke,  126;  Pal- 
mer,  171. 

Treasury  First  Lord,  Walpole, 
105. 

"  Treatise  on  Pope's  Supre- 
macy," 89. 

Trench,  R.  C,  142,  143. 

Trevelyan,  Sir  G.  O.,  171. 

Tripos,  Moral  Science,  136. 

Tripos,  Nat.  Science,  136. 

'*  Tristram  Shandy,"  111. 

"True  Intellectual  System,"  83. 

Trumpington,  88. 

Truro,    129. 

Tunstall,  Cuthbert,  10,  14,  24. 

Turkey,   132. 

Tusser,  Thomas,  37. 

"  Two  Years  Ago,"  155. 

"  Two  Voices,"   146. 

Tyndale,  20. 

Tyndale's  Bible,  27. 

T3rrone  Rebellion,  44. 

Ulm,  1 20. 

Ultramontanism,  176. 

»*  Uncle  Toby,"  in. 

Union  Society,  136,  139,  140, 
140,  142,  147,  174. 

University,  Camb.,  31,  34, 
46,  77,  loi,  102,  105, 
no,  112,  r20,  132,  134, 
136,  137,  140,  i43j  I44s 
158,     161,    162,     164,     166, 

172,  174,  175- 
University  of  Edinburgh,  166. 
University  of  Glasgow,  169. 
University    of     London,     174, 

175,   32. 
University    M.P.'s.,    119,    131, 

iS4>    154'    171- 
University  of  Oxford,  59,  150, 

167,  35,   56,  84. 


213 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


University  Press,  49. 
Universities,    Foreign,    13,   3^. 
Universities'  Mission  to  Cent. 

Africa,  158. 
'*  Unlawfulness   of   Stage   Eu- 

tertainments,"  108. 
Uppingham,  78. 
Uranus,  planet,  156. 
Ussher,    48,    53,   57. 
Utrecht,   19. 

Valence,  Mary  de,  3. 

•'  Vanity  Fair,"  147. 

Vaughan,   C.   J.,    149. 

Venables,  143. 

Venn,  H.,  114,  108, 

Venus,  Transit  of,  83. 

Vergil,  93. 

•'  Verses     and    Translations,'* 

167. 
Verulam,  Lord,  46. 
Vestments,  30,  67. 
Vice  Chancellor,  90,  105,  107, 

118,  8,  24,  39,  33,  35. 
*•  Vindication,"  82. 
*'  Vindication    of      Divinity," 

107. 
"Virginians,   The,"   148. 

Wainwright,  Murder,   140. 
Walden,  Monastery  of,  16. 
Walden,  Saffron,   16,  29,  61. 
Wales,   53,   78. 
Waller,    E.,   72. 
Wallis,  J.,  83. 
Walmisley,  T.  A.,  150. 
Walpole,     Horace,     114,     no, 

III,    112. 
Walpole,  Sir  R.,   105,  114- 
Walsingham,   Sir  Francis,   38. 
Walton,  I.,  54,  56,  69,  88. 
Warburton,   no. 
Ward,  Sam.,  56,  84. 
Ward,  Seth.,  84. 
Warham,  Abp.   10. 
War,  Secretary  of  State,  169. 


Waterbeach,  in. 
Waterland,    D.,    107,    103. 
Watson,  T.,  31,  23. 
Webb,    Benjamin,    150,    151. 
Wells  Street,  S.  Andrew's,  151. 
Wellington  College,  162. 
Weutworth,  Earl  of  Strafford, 

68. 
Wesley,  John,   108. 
Wesle}'-,    Samuel,    108. 
*♦  West  "  Chapel,  Ely.  7. 
West,  Nicholas,  7. 
Westcott,  B.  F.,  159,  160,  161, 

165. 
Westminster  Abbey,  5,  24,  44, 
45.  59.  83,  87,  89,  90,  97, 
102,    120,    131,    134,    135, 
138,    142,    145,    146,    148, 
154,  157.  159.  166,  170. 
Westminster  City,   44. 
"  Westward  Ho,"  155. 
Wharton,  H.,  loi. 
Wharton,  T.,  87. 
Whewell,  W.,  136,  135,  147. 
Whichcote,  B.,  76.  84,  87. 
Whigs,  118,  125. 
Whiston,  W.,  102,  97,  103,  104, 

106. 
Whitaker,  W.,  42. 
White,    H.     Kirke,     133,     124, 

129. 
White  of  Selborne,  90. 
W^hitfield,  117. 
Whitgift,  John,  40,  26,  33,  35, 

37.  39'  41.  43.  46,   51.  53- 
•'  Widow  Wadman,"  ii2. 
Wilberforce,  S.,  142. 
Wilberforce,      W.,      121,      119, 

124-  133- 
Wilkes  Trial,  no. 
William  HI.,  86,  90. 
Williams,   G.,   152,   165. 
Williams,  J.,  62,  57,  69. 
Willis,  R.,  141. 
Willughby,   F.,   95,  90. 
Windsor,  Deans  of,   West,  7. 


«I4 


CELEBRATED     CAMBRIDGE     MEN. 


•  Wintet'?  Tale,"  50. 
Wiseman,  Cardinal,  177. 
Wodelarke,  Robert,  5. 
Wollaston,  W.   H.,   125. 
Wolsey,  Cardinal,  7,  8,    11,   13, 

17,  24 
*'  Woman  of  Samaria,"  170. 
Women,      Higher     Educatiofv, 

169. 
Wordsworth,   Bp.   C,   143. 
Vv'ordsworth,   C,   Dr.,   137. 
Wordsworth,     W.,     126,     128, 

142,   143,   143. 
'•  World  Essays,"  114. 
**  Worthies  of  England,"  73. 
V\  ranglers,   120,   126,   136,  1384 

148,     150,     157,     158,    i6i, 

164,  t66,  168. 


Wren,  M.,  62,  48,  63,  67,  69. 
Wren,   Sir   Chr.,   85,   94,    loi, 

102. 
Wyatt,   Sir  Th.,  21. 


"  Yeast,"   155. 

York,  6,  172. 

York,  Archd.  of,   16. 

York   Minster,   6. 

Yorkshiremen,  Rotherham,  5; 
Alcock,  6  ;  Fisher,  8  j 
Tunstall,  10 ;  Bentley, 
100;    Lock  wood,   172. 

Young,  T.,  130. 


Zulu  Language,  148. 


215 


LONDON : 
JAMES    NISBET    &    Co.,    Ltd. 
22,    BERNERS   STREET,    W. 


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